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A09765 A summarie of the antiquities, and wonders of the worlde, abstracted out of the sixtene first bookes of the excellente historiographer Plinie, vvherein may be seene the wonderful workes of God in his creatures, translated oute of French into Englishe by I.A.; Naturalis historia. English. Abridgments Pliny, the Elder.; Alday, John, attributed name.; I. A. 1566 (1566) STC 20031; ESTC S110480 40,229 130

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after this sort If the husbands will haue probation of the honestie of their w●ues they wil present their children before the Serpentes which will flye awaye if that the children be legitimate but if that the Serpentes remaine and feare not then are they bastardes When they are bitten with serpents they put their spittle vpon the place for to he●le it specially their fasting spittle for the Serpente feareth mannes spittle as hote water In India there are hye m●n and also maruellous hie beastes as for a witnesse there are dogges as great as Asses trees as hye as an archer can scarce shote to the toppe and vnder the shadow of one figtrée may a hundreth horses stande bycause of the fertilitye of the lande the temperance of the ayre and the aboundaunce of waters there are men fyue cubites in hight the which neuer vse to spit nor are troubled with the paine of heade eyes or téeth and are seldome sicke Others there are in the Mountaines with heades like dogs In a parte of India the women neuer beare children but once whose children waxe straight waye olde And others called Sciopedae that haue their feete so brode that when they are layde they couer them therewith from the heate of the Sunne and they be very swift in running Some towarde the East haue no heades but haue eyes in their shoulders and others called Epithamai Pigmei that are of one yarde hye In the farther part of India towards the East neare to the Ryuer of Gangis there is a people clad with leaues that liue by smelling they neuer eate nor drinke in their iourneys they beare floures and rootes to smell at and they are easely killed by filthy smelles and sauours There are little men called Pigmei among whiche the highest passe not the hight of two cubites hauing a wholsome ayre and pleasant countrey where they dwel the which men are molested with Cranes as writeth Homer therfore it is no maruell thoughe often tymes they are caryed away with those Cranes In the spring time the Pigmei assemble together moūted vpon shéepe and Goates armed with darts and arrowes for to discend downe to the sea and for the space of thrée monthes consume and breake the Cranes Egges and kill the yong ones otherwise they woulde so multiplie that those little men should neuer rest in quiet Some there are in the valleys called Pandore that liue two hundreth yeares in their youth hauing whyte haire in age their haires become blacke There is a people that lyueth but fortie yeares whose wyues doe bring forth children at the age of seauen yeares There are people that haue long hairy tayles growing These things and others hath nature made monstruous for our examples Among the women there are dyuers childings some haue had six children some eyght and some nine and sometime children of dyuers kindes which are called Hermaphrodites whiche are both man and woman There hath bene that haue had in their lyfe tyme thirtie Children and among the maruelles of the worlde a childe being newe borne did enter againe into his mothers wombe in the Citie of Saguntra And it is no fable nor tale to haue sene women and maydes transformed into men The females are soner engendred than the Male and become sonest olde the Females do moue in their mothers wombe most on the left side and the Males on the righte side And Plinie reciteth to haue sene a mayde on the night of hir mariage to be naturally trāsformed into a man and incontinent hir beard to grewe she to be maried againe to a woman If that a woman bring forth two children at one burthen lightly there is shorte lyfe eyther to the mother or to one of hir children and if they be both Males or Females then are they lyghtly of a shorte life Among the women there is no certaine time prefixed of their trauailings with childe for some be delyuered in seuen monthes some in eight and most commonly in nine monthes Also sometime at ten and. xi monthes Before the seuenth monthe the childe hath no lyfe the tenth day after she hath conceyued Payne in the heade a shadow or mist before the eyes no taste nor relisse in meates and a ●ndigesting stomacke are signes of conceptiō That womā that bringeth forth a male child hath better colour and easyer deliuerance Miserable is y e condition of man For the Princes by this meanes haue their originall and are subiect to fortune and hath nature as others We reade of a Romaine Prince that dyed in the morning in pulling on his hose an other dyed with the stinging or byting of a Grape an other was chooked with a haire in eating of Milke Scipio Affricanus was the first called Cesar for that Caesus fuit matris Vterus hys mothers wombe was opened for him to passe out Of those that are crypple lame and counterfeite of nature commeth whole lymmed perfect children in their members and sometymes of perfect and well proporcioned people commeth lame and vnperfect children A woman doth not beare children after fiftye yeares and there are many that ceasse at fortye As touching men we reade truely of a Prince which at the age of foure score and sixe yeres begat a childe When Cato was borne his father was foure score yeares olde Unto children their téeth come cōmonly at senē monethes the seuenth yeare they renue for then their téeth fall and there commeth to them others and some are borne with téeth And if that a dead body be burned the téeth wil neuer burne but remayne whole Unto some their téeth fayle them at middle age cōmonlye a man hath thirty two teeth and he that hath more is estéemed to be the longer lyuer Zoroastes did laugh that day he was borne yea that with the very force of laughing he did reiecte the hande that was vpon his heade for the placing and fashioning of his heade setling of his braines A man is as long from the foote to the heade as the extending or spreading abroade of hys armes counting frō the great fingers Men doe way more than women the dead bodies way more than the liuing and those that are a sléepe way more than they that are awake Some lyue without marow in their bones therfore they neuer thirst for this cause women drinke lesse than men and such do neuer sweat It is recited of Crassus the Senatour y t he did neuer laugh Socrates the great clarke was neuer séene mery nor ioyful nor angry at one time more than at an other and therefore mennes complexions are dyuers In Rome hath bene sene a Princesse called Antonia Drusi neuer to spitte Pomponius neuer to belk The strēgth of menne hath bene great and more in one than another It is readde of one that with one hande did holde a Chariot that thrée horses coulde not make to go forward nor remoue Hercules did cary his great Mule on hys backe Fusius Saluius did beare two hūdreth on his
they be pulled out The eyes of man principallys doth shewe loue furor folly and wisedome Great eyes signifie small wit or discretion The heart lyueth first and dyeth last A man hath eight ribbes on a side the Hog ten the Serpent thirtie Among foules the Batte hath téeth no other Man groweth til he be xxi yeres olde Bloud preserueth the life of euery person that being gone no remedy but death They that haue the thickest and fattest bloude are the strongest They that haue it most fine and cleare are the wysest They that haue least are fearefull The bloud of an asse is most fattest The bloude of a Bull will sone ware harde The bloude of Déere and Goates is not thicke nor hardneth no● Man alone will chaunge his colour euen in a moment The man that is hairye is inclined to fleshely lust If a mannes haire doth not growe nor his bearde it is a signe that he is barren so is the woman that hath no haire growing on hir bodye The haire of a mannes bearde commeth not as the grasse in the fielde that is mowed but it procéedeth from the roote There is no Male that hath any appearance of breastes but man a womā hath two in hir stomacke the Cowe hath foure in hir belly Goates and shéepe two the Sowes ten some twelue Euery Pigge knoweth the dugge that they haue bene nourished with Whales and Sea calues nourishe their yong ones with milke of their breastes A womans milke is vnprofitable before the seuen monthes A Cowe hath no milke before she hath had a calfe The Asse hath milke when she beginneth to beare And to let the yong Asse take the Dames milke before two dayes is daungerous Certaine Dames of Rome did bathe them selues in Asses milke for it maketh their skin smoth and whyte Milke of Goates is worsse to make chese than the milke of Kyne The milke of beastes hauing aboue foure breastes is vnprofitable to make chéese and that of two breastes is better The chéefest and best chéeses are made in Italy Zoroastes liued twentie yeres with chéese without féeling age Man hath two feete of one length and measure and two armes with two handes The thombe the little finger are of one measure the other two also of a measure and that in the midst is longer Euery finger hath thre ioynts and they shutte or bowe inwarde and not outward the thombe hath but two that bowe in like maner The Ape is the beast that moste approcheth the fashion of féete handes nose and eares to mā for with the foreféete he fedeth and hath the bowels lyke to mannes At three yeares man hath taken halfe his growth of hight He hath the knées and armes contrary in bowing the one forwarde the other backwarde Beastes that ingender their like bow their knées backewarde and those that make egges forwarde Nayles grow vnto eche one yea vnto deade men as well as their beardes Birdes that haue elawes one at the héele streatch their féete toward their tayle in flying All beastes haue féete in nūber equall Flyes haue sixe and so haue Locustes or Grashoppers that leape bycause that their hinder féete are long The genitores of Wolues Foxes and ●āmes are of bone Boares haue them ioyning and shéepe haue them hanging The tayle of fishes serueth to conduct them and so it doth to other beastes and all haue tayles except man and the Ape Those beastes haue voice that haue lungs and artiers Others make but a sounde or noyse and murmure inwarde A Childe neuer rendreth voyce till he be wholly out of the mothers wombe They that sonest speake latest goe The boyces of men are dyuers as well as their similitudes and likenesse and we vnderstand them before we sée them The voyce of men is more grauer than the voyce of women Members that growe out of tyme are vnprofitable as the sixte finger There was one that had two eyes behinde the heade but he saw nothing It is a vaine thing sayth Arisrotle to iudge any person by signes Often tymes commeth iudgementes of short life that is to we●e few téeth very long fingers colour like to lead and other things The contrary signes of long life is to crooke the shoulders on one hande two strikes along to haue more thā xxxij téeth great eares Great fore heades signifieth a stoute and manly courage little fore heade lightnesse a round fore heade wrath If the browes be straight it signifieth imbecilitie If they bende towards the nose hastinesse If they bende towards the chéekes signifieth a mocking person If they bende wholy towarde the eyes malice and enuy Long eyes signifie malice The greatnesse of y e eares signifieth a foolishe babler The breath of a Beare is naught worsse a Liōs The Serpent flyeth the breath of the Elephant and the burning of Hartes hornes The hony Bées oile being cast on them dye The Scithians in their warres temper their Dartes heades in humaine bloude and in Uipers poyson and if they strike any therewith there is no remedye but death The best foode for man is to eate but of one meate at one time or meale the accumulating of sauours is pestiferous and Wine maketh a smelling or stinking breath if it be not tempered With greate difficultie shall a man digest that whiche is taken gredely excessiuely or hastily There is more payne in the stomacke to digest in Sommer than in Winter and in age more than in youth The vomytings that are made after excesse maketh the body colde are hurtfull to the eyes and teeth A mans body groweth waxeth grosse to vse swéete things fatte meates and good drinkes A man maye easely liue seauen dayes without drinke Butter asswageth hunger and thirst neuerthelesse thinges excessiuely taken are hurtefull and therefore it is good to deminishe that away which hurteth The. xij booke treateth of swéete smelling trées TRees haue lyfe whiche they take of the earth There are manye straunge trées in dyuers countreys which vnto some are vnknowen In some places they water fine trées at the ●oote with wyne the which profiteth muche the rootes The Parthians which haue trées bearing wooll of the whiche is made fine cotton cloth as it is sayde haue a trée bearing Apples but y e fruit is not to be eatē but they haue a meruellous smell so haue the barkes the whiche being in your Chest among your apparell casteth a sweete sauour or smell and this trée hath alwayes fruit some growing some dying and some ready to gather and the graftes of this trée will take in no other countrey In India there is both wood and trées that will not burne in the fire There hath also bene séene a Figge trée of a great height the braunches of the same trée to spread sixty paces and it hath leaues so brode that the sunne beames can not by any meanes enter betwene and therfore the fruit of this trée can not dye but the shadow of the same is very delectable There
doth neuer begin to hourd vp but in the full Moone The nature of the windes are dyuers according to the diuersitie of Countreyes and they procéede of the earth and of the vapors of the same which causeth somtimes in many places earthquakes The thunders and lightninges doe neuer fall in the winter for the coldnesse of the aire doth kepe them in and choakes them therefore they fall in the Sommer and many times thei marre the wine without touching the vessell There was a womā at Rome whose child was slaine within hir wom be by thunder lightning and the womā had no hurt at all Thrée things there are that neuer feele any harme by thunders lightnings the Lawrel trée on the earth the Eagle in the Sky and the Seacalfe in the sea for they neuer fall vpon their skinnes therefore best assured are they that are so clad Naturally there are signes and tokens in the earth the sea the aire and therefore it hath rayned somtimes bloude stones woll yea great stones acumulated in the aire by the coldnesse therof The Raynebowe is not séene in a close rainy day but y e sunne beames entring into the concauites of y e earth do reflere the Sunne and make varietie of colours by the mixture of the cloudes in the ayre and is séene moste cōmonly in y e Sōmet Also there are neuer lightly sene aboue two Rainbowes The earth is y e mother of al liuing creatures In the ayre is séene many tymes darkenesse and clowdes the hayles are deryued of the wa●ers but the earth is lowely seruing to all cr●atures shée bringeth forth corne wine fruites all kind of things pertaining to man She bringeth forth yron lead golde siluer precious stones herbes seruing vnto mans helth yea if y t a s●rpēt chaunce to byte any person the earth will not receyue that serpent when it is dead The earth is compassed rounde about with waters the which is mo●e knowen by experience than by arguments some part thereof is not inhabited towardes the North bycause of the great colde An other part is not inhabited bycause of the extreme heate towards y e south The middle of the earth is the Centry to the whiche most wayghtiest thinges doe take holde In some places there is no shadow of y e sunne specially in Alexandria y e great where as there is a depe well without shadowe Anaxemenes Milesius was the first foūder of Dials There are many signes of mouings mutation of tymes without great appearance as in the sea when that without winde the waues do ryse and rage And in the skye when y t there is a long strype or line and when that the well waters are troubled Two mountaynes haue bene séene naturally hyt and touch one another as if they had foughten y e waters meting together to striue and maruellously to encrease beastes to dye In Asia twelue cities were subuerted by y e earthquakes without perceyuing thereof at Rome Neare vnto Rome there are two hundreth acers of groūd the which doth shake when there are horses running thereon In the Ile of Paphos there is a place where there did neuer fall rayne And in the same Ile Nea in the City of Troados the sacrifices do neuer putrifle nor rot Nere Nere to Harpasa a town in Asia there is a great Mountaine y t one may shake with their finger but if you put your whole strength to it it remay●eth vnmoueable There are two moūtaines neare to the floud of Nyle the nature of them are dyuers for the one re●ayneth yron the other casteth it off in such sorte that if any of their shooes be clouted with nayles that goe vpon the sayd hil they can neyther go nor stand but are cast off and on the other hyll their shooes will sticke fast In the City of Charagena there is a certaine groūd that healeth all kinde of sores and diseases the Sea doth pourge in the full Moone the fluctuations of the seas commeth by the Sunne and Moone the which causeth it In the hys Sea there neuer falleth snow the sea is most hottest in winter and saltest in Sommer Of fresh waters there are diuers sorts In Dodone is the fountaine called Iupiters spring whiche doth kindle firebrandes it diminisheth at Noone and encreaseth at midnight and then afterwards decreaseth fayleth at myd day There are many hote waters bycause of the smoke closenesse of the hylles from whence these hote waters spring There are springs that ●il make black shéepe become white and other waters that maketh white shepe become black by continuance of drinking and others that the ewes that drinke in them their milke will become blacke At Lincestis there is a fountayne of water that will make them that drinke therof dronken Also in Paphlagonia and in the fielde Calenus in the Ile of Andro there is a Fountaine or spring that rendreth wine euery yeare in the Nonas of Ianuary In a field called Carrimensis in Spaine there is a Ryuer that wil make the fishes that are therein to séeme of the colour of golde and if they are put into any other water they will séeme as other fishes Among the maruelles of fire the Mountayne called Ethna in Sicilia burneth continually the flames whereof are sene aboue the hill toppe An other hill that is called Chimera burneth in like maner the fire of which hill is so●er quenched with earth or with hay than with water In the thirde fourth fifth and sixth bokes Plinie describeth the earth the waters and the Ilands and deuideth the world into Asia Affrica Europa Asia conteineth the halfe of the world in the whiche is Armenia Capadocia Albania Suau●a whereas there is no mettall but golde Scithies where as is the sweete Sea and there are trées that bring forth silke ready to spinne India where there are people very ryche they labour with Elephantes and goe to warre with them Their king hath ordinarily sixe hundreth thousand foote men thirtie thousande horsemen and nine thousande Camels to his gages and to his dayly cost and when they be so old y t they can scarce sée nor can liue no longer they cast them selues into a great fire Beyonde the Indias is the Ile called Taprobane where as is the gréene Sea and there is planted precious stones with metals of golde and siluer The men of that Countrey are more greater thā others they sell their marchandise by making of signes the Moone neuer shineth with them aboue sixe houres they haue small edifices or buildinges and theyr vitayles neuer waxeth deare for their God they haue Hercules They doe electe and choose an olde man to their king which hath no children and if he chaunce to haue any whylest he is king they do kill them to that ende that the kingdome be not inherited by their elected king they do cōstitute xxx gouernours without whose assente none can be condempn●d to death If their king doth missedoe