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A41670 A learned and very useful commentary on the whole epistle to the Hebrews wherein every word and particle in the original is explained ... : being the substance of thirty years Wednesdayes lectures at Black-fryers, London / by that holy and learned divine Wiliam Gouge ... : before which is prefixed a narrative of his life and death : whereunto is added two alphabeticall tables ... Gouge, William, 1578-1653.; Gouge, Thomas, 1605-1681. 1655 (1655) Wing G1391; ESTC R34210 2,433,641 1,664

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Israelites who having tasted of Manna lusted after the fish cucumbers melons leeks 〈◊〉 and garlick that they had in Egypt and said Let us return into Egypt Numb 11. 5. 14. 4. Such are all they as are not truly regenerate but remain in their naturall estate though they professe the faith 3. It is an incitation unto those to whom this kinde of power is made known to be more watchfull against Satan more manfull in resisting him and the better prepared against his assaults Hereof see more in the whole Armour of God on Eph. 6. 1●… Treat 1. part 3. § 2 c. 4. It warneth all of all sorts to renounce the devil and all his works to come o●… of his Babel to come into and abide in the glorious liberty of the Sonnes of God which Christ hath purchased for us and to renounce Satans service As the devil hath the power of death so Christ hath the power of life Iohn 6. 39 40. 5. It amplifieth both the glory and also the benefit of that conquest which Christ hath gotten over him that hath the power of death The glory of that victory appeareth herein that he hath overcome so potent an enemy as had the power of death The benefit thereof herein appears that he hath overcome so malicious and mischievous an enemy as exercised his power by all manner of death Hence ariseth the ground of this holy insultation O death where is thy sting 1 Cor. 15. 55. He who had the power of death being destroyed death now can have no more power over them that are redeemed by Christ. Hereof see more § 148. §. 144. Of Christ overcoming the Devil by death THe means whereby Christ overcame him that had the power of death is expresly said to be death To atchieve this great and glorious victory against so mighty and mischievous an enemy Christ did not assemble troops of Angels as he could have done Matth. 26. 53. and as he did Rev. 12. 7. in another case nor did he aray himself with majesty and terrour as Exod. 19. 16 c. but he did it by taking part of weak flesh and blood and therein humbling himself to death In this respect the Apostle saith that Christ having spoiled Principalities and powers made a shew of them openly triumphing over them in the Crosse meaning thereby his death The Apostle there resembleth the Crosse of Christ to a trophe whereon the spoyls of enemies were ●…nged Of old Conquerours were wont to hang the armour and weapons of enemies vanquished on the walls of forts and towers To this purpose may be applied that which Christ thus saith of himself If I be lifted up from the earth I will draw all men unto me Joh. 12. 32. Hereby he signifieth both the kind of his death and also the power thereof The kind under this phrase lifted up namely upon the Crosse the power under this I will draw all men unto me shewing thereby that he would rescue them from Satan to himself Christ by his death offered himself up a sacrifice whereby such a price was paid for our sinnes as satified Gods justice pacified his wrath removed the curse of the Law and so spoiled Satan of all his power wrested his weapons out of his hands set free those whom he held captive and brought him himself into captivity Thus was he as a Bee that had lost her sting which might buz and make a noise but could not sting Christ also by his death hath clean altered the original nature of our death which was a pastage from this world into Satans prison even into hell it self where his vassals are tormented but now it is made a passage into Heaven where he hath nothing at all to do so as thereby beleevers are clean out of his clutches so as he cannot so much as assault them This being done by Christs death thereby is the devil spoiled of his power This God thus ordered 1. To accomplish that ancient promise to the seed of the woman which was Christ and threatning against the Serpent which was the devil Gen. 3. 15. It shall bruise thy head that is Christ should utterly vanquish the devil The means whereby that should be accomplished was this Thou shalt bruise his heel Gen. 3. 15. By the heel is meant Christs mortall body which was bruised by death 2. To deliver man by satisfying justice Had the devil been by an almighty power vanquished justice had not thereby been satisfied 3. To magnifie the power of the conquest the more for divine power is made perfect in weaknesse 1 Cor. 12. 9. 4. To bring the greater ignominy and shame upon the devil for what greater ignominy then for an enemy to be vanquished in his own Kingdom and that with his own weapon The strongest and sharpest weapon that Satan had was death and by it he did most hurt Christ deale in this case as Benaiah did with an Egyptian he plucked the spear out of his hand and slew him with his own spear 2 Sam. 23. 21. 5. To take away the ignominy of the Crosse of Christ Jews Pagans and all Infidels scoff at our crucified God but this glorious victory which Christ by his death obtained on the Crosse sheweth that it is a matter of much glory and much rejoycing The Apostle apprehended so much hereof as comparatively he would glory in nothing saving the Crosse of our Lord Iesus Christ Gal. 6. 14. 6. To put a difference betwixt Christs death and the death of all others even of the best of men The death of others is only a freedom from troubles of soul and body and an attaining unto rest and glory which is by virtue of Christs death Christs death is a conquering death a death that tends to the advantage of all that beleeve in Christ. 7. To take the old wily Serpent in his own craft Satan laboured at nothing more then to bring Christ to death he used Scribes Pharisees Priests Rulers and people of the Jews yea Iudas Pilat and his Souldiers as his instruments herein They thought all sure if Christ might be put to death but Christs death proved Satans destruction Thus God taketh the wise in their own craftinesse Job 5. 13. On these and other like grounds may we look upon the Crosse of Christ as the Israelites when they were stung with fiery Serpents looked on the brazen Serpent Numb 21. 9. Christ himself teacheth us to make this application Ioh. 3. 14 15 §. 145. Of exemplifying of an indefinite Point THat none might mistake the Apostle about the person that is said to be destroyed he explains himself as this phrase that is sheweth That phrase is used in interpreting a strange word Where the Apostle had used this Hebrew word Aceldama he addeth that is the field of blood Acts 1. 19. And in clearing an ambiguous word Where the Apostle had used this phrase in me he addeth that is in my flesh Rom. 7. 18. And in
for all men See § 81. XVIII Mans good was the end of Christs sufferings See § 81. §. 86. Of the respect wherein it became God that his Sonne should be man and suffer for man Verse 10. For it became him for whom are all things and by whom are all things in bringing many sonnes unto glory to make the Captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings THe first particle of this verse FOR shews that it is added as a reason of that which goes before In generall it is a third reason to prove that Christ was man See § 1. In particular it declareth the reason of the last clause of the former verse which is this By the grace of God Christ tasted death for every one If the question be asked Why Gods grace chose that way to redeem man here is a ready answer It became him so to do The Greek word translated became is diversly used 1. It implies a necessity of doing this or that as in this phrase Such an high Priest became us who is holy c. Heb. 7. 29. It was necessary that we should have such an one no other could serve the turn 2. It implies a duty as in this phrase It becometh us to fulfill all righteousnesse Matth. 3. 15. It is our duty so to do 3. It implies an answerablenesse or agreement of one thing to another as in this phrase Speak thou the things which become sound doctrine Tit. 2. 1. that is as are agreeable thereto 4. It implies a decency comlinesse and glory of a thing as in this phrase Which becometh women professing godlinesse 1 Tim. 2. 10. He there speaketh of women adorning themselves with good works and this is a decent and comly thing the beauty and glory of Professors Thus it is here taken for never did any thing more make to the glory of God then his making of his Son lower then Angels that ●…e might taste death for every one We reade that upon the first news of Christ coming into the world a multitude of Angels thus praised God Glory to God in the highest c. Luke 2. 14. And Christ himself when he was going out of the world thus saith to his Father I have glorified thee on earth John 17. 4. And upon his suffering Christ said Father glorif●… thy Name And the Father thus answered I have both glorified it and will glorif●… it again John 12. 28. All this was in relation to Christs humiliation even unto death §. 87. Of Gods glory in giving his Son to dye IF we take a view of Gods special Properties we shall finde the glory of them so set forth in Christs Incarnation and Passion and the Redemption of man thereby as in nothing more I will exemplifie this in five of them 1. The power of God hath been often manifested by many wonderfull works of his since the beginning of the world The book of Iob and book of Psalms do reckon up catalogues of Gods powerfull and mighty works but they are all inferiour to those works which were done by the Son of God becoming man and dying For hereby was the curse of the Law removed the bonds of death broken the devil and his whole host vanquished infinite wrath appeased The Son of God di●… all this and much more not by araying himself with Majesty and power but b●… putting on him weak and frail flesh and by subjecting himself to death Herei●… was strength made perfect in weakness 2 Cor. 12. 9. 2. The wisdom of God was greatly set forth in the first creation of all things i●… their excellent order and beauty and in the wise government of them but af●… that by sinne they were put out of order to bring them into a comely frame again was an argument of much more wisdom especially if we duly weigh how by the creatures transgression the just Creator was provoked to wrath To finde out ●… means in this case of atonement betwixt God and man must needs imply muc●… more wisdom For who should make this atonement not man because he wa●… the transgressor Not God because he was offended and incensed yet God b●… taking mans nature upon him God-man by suffering did this deed he made the atonement God having revealed this mystery unto his Church every o●… that is instructed in the Christian faith can say Thus and thus it is done But h●… not God by his infinite wisdom found out and made known this means of reconciliation though all the heads of all creatures had consulted thereabout their counsels would have been altogether in vain We have therefore just cause with 〈◊〉 holy admiration to break out and say Oh the depth of the riches both of the wisd●… and knowledge of God! Rom. 11. 33. 3. The justice of God hath been made known in all ages by judgements executed on wicked sinners as the punishment of our first parents the drowning o●… the old world the destroying of Sodom and Gomorrah with fire and brimstone the casting off the Jews the casting of wicked Angels and reprobate men into 〈◊〉 fire but to exact the uttermost of the Sonne of God who became a Surety for man and so to exact it as in our nature he must bear the infinite wrath of his Father and satisfie his justice to the full is an instance of more exact justice then ever was manifested 4. The truth of God is exceedingly cleared by Gods giving his Son to die and that in accomplishment of his threatning and promises For threatning God had said to man In the day thou eatest of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil thou shalt surely die Gen. 2. 17. How could Gods truth have been accomplished in this threatning and man not utterly destroyed if Christ 〈◊〉 not died in our nature For promise the first that ever was made after mans Fall was this The seed of th●… woman shall bruise the Serpents head Gen. 3. 15. As this was the first promise so was it the ground of all other promises made to Gods elect in Christ. Now God having accomplished this promise by giving his Sonne to death how can we doubt of his truth in any other promise whatsoever The accomplishment of no other promise could so set out Gods truth as of this for other promises do depend upon this and not this on any of them Besides this is the greatest of all other promises We may therefore on this ground say He that spared not his own Sonne but delivered him up for us all how shall he not with him also freely give us all things Rom. 8. 32. 5. Gods mercy is most magnified by sending his Sonne into the world to die for man The mercies of God are over all his works Psal. 145. 9. But the glasse wherein they are most perspicuously seen is Jesus Christ made man and made a sacrifice for mans sinne This is thus set out to the life God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten Sonne