for there Antiochus Appian in Syriacis who had put away his former wife upon the marriage of Berenice his sister now overcome with Love took her and her Children again into his Court whereupon she fearing yet his ficklenesse and another disgrace to prevent it procured him to be poysoned Hieronym in Daniel and conveyed his Kingdom to Seleucus Callinicus her eldest son Berenice she committed to two of the Chief of Antioch to be made away but the Lady when she heard that some were sent to kill her shut up her self in Daphna where being besieged the Cities of Asia Ptolomy Euergetes his Wars with Antiochus Theos moved with the remembrance of the Dignity of her family sent her aid and Ptolomy her brother marched in all haste possible to deliver her but ere she could be relieved she was circumvented by those that with an Oath promised her security and slain together with her young son Out of disdain at this unworthy act the Cities revolted to Ptolomy who entring Syria killed Laodice passed to Babylon Josephus contra Apion lib. 2. and got almost all Asia into his hands at which time he visited Jerusalem also where he offered many sacrifices of praise to God and dedicated gifts suitable to so great a victory The Kingdom of Syria had become a Province to that of Egypt in all probability at this time had he not been recalled by domestick troubles which being very urgent he left Cilicia to the Governance of Antiochus his great favourite to Xanthippus another of his Captains the Provinces beyond Euphrates and so plundring Seleucus his Kingdom of 40000 Talents of silver he carried down also many costly Vessels and Images of Idols to the number of 2500. amongst which were those which Cambyses had after his overthrow of Amasis and Psammiticus conveyed out of Egypt And therefore the Egyptians because after so many years he had restored to them their gods honoured him with the sirname of Euergetes 4. Seleucus provided a Fleet for the recovery of the places revolted Justin ut priùs but before he could come to use it lost it all by a Tempest which yet proved the greatest gain for the Cities out of commiseration of his estate and as if he had already sufficiently smarted for his paricide returned again to their obedience Being exceedingly encouraged and animated herewith as richer by his losse he then made War upon Ptolomy but as if he had been born for a laughing stock to fortune and not recovered the Kingdom for himself he was overthrown again in battel and as destitute of followers as after the shipwrack fled to Antioch when applying a remedy worse than the disease he sent to his brother Antiochus from his ravenous disposition sirnamed Hierax for aid and so Ptolomy fearing himself not to be able to graple with both His wife Berenice's hair giveth name to a Constellation made a Truce with him for ten years Whilest he was abroad in Asia his wife Berenice daughter to his Uncle Magas and betrothed to him as we said before vowed to consecrate her hair to the gods in case he returned safe and accordingly cutting it off laid it up in a certain Chapel whereupon Conon the Mathematician who flourished at this time out of flattery to them both feigned it to be taken up into heaven and invented that constellation which yet is known by the name of it In his time a Phoenix is reported the third time after the dayes of Sesostris and the next after them of Amasis to have flown being a bird sacred to the Sun accompanied with a great number of other birds admiring her new face to the Citie Heliopolis as Tacitus tells us Annal. lib. 6. who reports that the same thing hapned afterwards in the reign of Tiberius Paulus Fabius and L. Vitellius being Consuls To this Ptolomy fled Cleomenes the King of Sparta after his overthrow received from Antigonus Doson of Macedonia and the Achaeans Polyb. lib. 5. Flutarch in vita Cleomen who honorably receiving him and prizing him very much for his worth was much ashamed that he had suffered such a man to be defeated and promised to re-establish him but he died before he could bring it about after he had reigned 24 years in the 139th Olympiad within which Polybius * Sub fidem lib. 2. observes both Antigonus Doson and Seleucus Ceraunus King of Macedonia to have left the World and their Kingdoms to their Successors 5. His son succeeded him being sirnamed Philopater ironically if we believe Justin Lib. 29. 30. who out of Trogus accuseth him of making away both father and mother Certainly if we look at his general carriage and disposition he was likely enough to do it giving up himself to all luxury and effeminatenesse thereby neglecting his affairs whence he obtained the name of Tryphon Ptolomy Philopator A. M. 3783. Ol. 139. ann 2. V.C. 532. Antioch M. 2. Polybius lib. 5. Finding his brother Magas by his mothers means to be very great with the Army he made them both away by the means of Sosibius who was his greatest Counsellour and manager of his publick businesse His lazinesse and neglect encouraged Antiochus the Great to make War upon him for Coelesyria in which though he got the better yet can it not be ascribed to any thing of his he thinking of nothing lesse than preparation for resistance and whereas he had opportunity enough after the battel to have outed his Enemy of Syria yet being overjoyed that he had recovered Coelesyria onely he sent Sosibius to confirm the peace In his return out of Syria he went to Jerusalem and would needs see the inward holy places of the Temple but was smitten so with a blind horror that he fell and could scarcely be recovered to himself but departing home raged against the Jews at Alexandria Then with great earnestnesse returning to his a little intermitted jollities he doted so upon Agathoclea his Concubine that he killed his sister and wife Eurydice and forgetting all credit and Majesty spent the nights in filthinesse and the dayes in feasting These things at first privately acted within the Court Walls presently shamed nor at the publick view the impudence of the Strumpet containing it self in no bounds being increased by the favour of her brother Agathocles one of as filthy a life as her self and the Conjunction of her mother Euanthe who spent high and presumed much on the score of her Children's great grace with the King Henceforth these women not contenting themselves with the King possessed the Kingdom also and shamed not to appear in publick in great equipage to be reverenced As for Agathocles he reigned and not Ptolomy by the direction and advice of his two Assistants Mother and Sister disposing of Offices and Commands in the Army at his pleasure 6. Yet Polybius ibid. Plutarch in Cleomen had Ptolomy the strange fortune to overcome all difficulties he met with
born in the Camp 't is certain that the sirname of Caligula he had for that reason because he was wont (f) Sueton ut prius to wear that habit of the ordinary Soldiers By the people he was gladly entertained out of their affection to Germanicus and commiseration of his family so grosly used by Tiberius whose cruelty he escaped meerly by his great dissimulation and taking in good part every thing so as it was said truely of him that never was there a better servant nor a worse Master than Caligula 2. Caius within a few dayes after the sumptuous funeral of Tiberius Josephus Antiq. l. 18. c. 8. made Agrippa King of that Countrey whereof Philip had been Tetrarch This Agrippa was the Grand-son of Herod the Great by his son Aristobulus whom he put to death Preferreth Agrippa being begotten of Berenice the daughter of Salome Having run through many straights for want of money by reason of his great profusenesse he became at length very dear to Caius who restored him to liberty being imprisoned by Tiberius for wishing his death that Caligula might succeed him and then set the Diadem on his head He had a sister named Herodias married to Philip Herodes not Philip the Tetrarch his and her Uncle and brother to Philip Antipas on the father's side his mother being daughter to Simon the High-Priest This woman Herod Antipas was so taken with that though he had already to wife the daughter of Aretas King of Arabia Petraea yet he divorced this and married her upon which account Aretas made War upon him and defeated his forces which * Idem ibid. cap. 7. was taken by the people as a judgement of God upon him for putting to death John Baptist Now Herodias envying exceedingly the promotion of her brother Agrippa importuned her husband to go to Rome and beg or buy the title of King Idem ibid. cap. 9. Agrippa smelling out their design before-hand wrote to Caius and accused him of having heretofore been of Seianus his conspiracy and of favouring at present the party of Artabanus King of Parthia whereof he said his Magazines could testifie being furnished with Provisions for 70000 men of War Herod Antipas banished to Lyons This furniture he could not deny and therefore Caius banished him to Lugdunum now Lyons in Gall whither Herodias would needs accompany him and gave his Principality and estate unto Agrippa Thus were these two punished for the death of John Baptist and so was Pilate for that of Christ For Euseb Eccles Hist l. 2. c. 7. Orosius l. 7. c. 5. being also banished by Caius to Vienna two years after he killed himself whereof the Gracians are witnesses Pilate killeth himself saith Eusebius who commit to memory in their Histories the Olympiads of times and so became the revenger of his wickednesse upon himself as he who betrayed Christ into his hands had been before 3. Sueton in Calig Capp 15 16 17 c. Josephus Antiquit lib. 18. cap. 9. Though the disposition of Caligula was from his Childhood tending to intemperance and cruelty yet at his first coming to the Goverment he used much moderation and equity as well towards publick as private persons He would not hear any accusations though said to be for his own safety permitted free and antient Jurisdiction to Magistrates attempted to bring in again the Comitia and restore the privilege of suffrages to the people payed the Legacies given by Tiberius Caligula beginneth well though his will was nulled and those given by Livia also though her son would never discharge them he remitted part of the Taxes to Italy relieved the necessities of such as received losses by fire and to such Kings as he restored he gave the Tributes collected in their absence At first he appeared a great Patron of virtue but degenerated into a Monster so that as far as a man could go in luxury and cruelty he seemed to proceed But turneth a Monster of men which made Seneca * De Consolat ad Albinam cap. 9. say that nature seemed to have brought him forth to shew what the greatest vitiousnesse backed with the greatest power could be able to do We may be more favourable to this opinion if we consider that the greatnesse of his estate made him so far surpasse the limits of all modesty as challenging to himself the title of Divinity he governed all things in contempt of God 4. He thought at first to have taken a Diadem Sueton ut suprà cap. 22. c. and changed his Principality into a Kingdom till by his flatterers he was told that he was above all such titles Assumeth divine honours At length he began to take to himself Divine honour For he caused the images of their Gods to be brought to Rome whereof the heads being taken off the image of his own was placed upon each in their stead He would offer himself to be adored amongst his brother gods as he called them and ordained Temples and Priests with sacrifice of no commoner things than Peacocks Turkies and Pheasants which were to be offered every day and he invited the Moon to his imbraces He could not endure to be accounted the off-spring of Agrippa because of his ignobility but gave out that his mother was conceived of the incest of Augustus with his daughter Julia. He himself committed incest with all his sisters and spared not the chastity of either Sex So imperious he was that he would make persons of greatest rank run by his Chariot and stand girt with Towels when he was at meat His Vices So cruel that he killed his Grand-mother Antonia by unkindnesse he murdered his brother Tiberius though he had adopted him with all his kindred except his Uncle Claudius whom he preserved for a laughing stock and he forced Macro and Ennia to kill themselves As for others he made havock of them causing some to be knocked in the head with Clubs if he were but disturbed in the shows He would cast old men or infirm to wild beasts and shutting up the Barns and Store-houses proclaimed a famine Many of quality being first stigmatized he condemned to the Mines or to repairing of High-wayes shut them up like beasts in a Den or sawed them asunder and that for no greater matters than if they had not high thoughts of his gifts and shews or had not sworn by his Genius 5. He forced Parents to be present at the death of their Children Idem ibid. Capp 27 28 c. To one that excused himself by sicknesse he sent a Litter to carry him A certain Knight whom he cast to wild beasts crying out that he was innocent he caused to be taken out and his tongue to be cut out of his head after this to be cast in again Demanding of one whom he had recalled out of banishment what he did all that time upon answer that he prayed for the death of Tiberius and
they forcing them out on a sudden might be said to have broken the peace This accordingly succeeding for the Consuls commanded all by Proclamation to be gone before Sun-set Tullus so aggravated the matter to his Countrey-men that he procured them to send to Rome to demand back all the Towns and Territories which by War had been taken from them 55. The Senate taking the message in great scorn answered that if the Volsci first took up Arms the Romans would last lay them down Tullus then perswading the Vosci to the War procured Marcius to be joyned with him as General with full power who presently invading the Roman Dominions wasted all such grounds where ere he came as belonged to the Plebeians not suffering any thing to be touched which belonged to any of the Nobility Invadeth its Territories His design was accomplished for this raised great envy and malice against the Patritians who upbraiding the people that they had banished unjustly so considerable a man were accused with greater indignation that to be revenged for former injuries they had procured Marcius to invade the Countrey seeing they were idle spectators when others were undone and kept their goods being out of all danger of the War Coriolanus leading home his men richly laden with booty was sent out shortly after with one half of the Forces and taking by surrender the Town of the Circeians a Roman Colony thence invaded the Latines who being Confederate with Rome sent thither for relief but the common people were averse to the War and the Consuls being almost out of their Office were unwilling to begin any thing so that the Messengers were dismissed without any satisfactory answer Marcius then by storm took Tolerium Lavici Pes and Bola which he plundred and made the Inhabitants Slaves Such as yielded he mildly treated but having stormed Bola which lay within thirteen miles of Rome he put almost all to the sword that were of age The Volsci now so admired him that such as were left to defend the Towns would not stay but all flocked to him owning him onely for their General At Rome there was nothing but confusion all being in despair and seeking no relief any other way than by venting their spleen one against another but when news camâ— that Lavinium was besieged it made a marvelous yet absurd change in their minds The people now cried out that Coriolanus was to be restored by a repeal of the Decree for banishment but the Senate utterly refused to assent to it and plainly forbad it in full house either for that they desired to oppose the people in all things or would not have his restitution ascribed to the Commons or else were incensed against Marcius who was become Enemy to all though but injured by some and had declared against his own Countrey wherein he knew the greater and better sort to sympathize with him and account his no other than a common grievance He marcheth towards Rome 56. The resolve of the Senate being published the people could do nothing as to his restitution the custom requiring that the Fathers should propound Marcius hereupon rose from before Lavinium and marching towards Rome it self pitch'd his Camp at the Ditches of Cloelia five miles from the Citie This forced Senate and people into agreement all in common being seized with honour and amazement so that it was agreed a message should be sent to him offering him his restitution The Messengers were Patritians and such as for their love to him he had most cause to favour but though with all advantage possible they made their addresse yet he received them with wonderfull severity in a Council of Officers and gave them this answer that if they would expect peace they should restore to the Volsci all Towns and Territories taken away in War and make them free of the Citie as the Latines were and he would give them 30 dayes time to consider of it Hereat the Captains of the Volsci especially Tullus took occasion to malign him though he employed this time of Truce very profitably subduing seven great and strong Towns When the time was out and he returned another Message came to him desiring that refraining himself he would draw off the Volsci and then consult in common for they would do nothing by constraint or fear but if he thought the Volsci were to be gratified they would yield to him if they would lay down their Arms. He replied he carried himself not as General of the Volsci but as a Roman Citizen and desired that having a respect to justice and moderation they would return within 3 dayes with a grant of what he had formerly demanded else he must proceed in his enterprize Hereupon the Senate in so great a Tempest which threatned all betook them to their sacred Anchor as they accounted it and ordered all the Pontifies Priests Governours of their superstitious houses and Augurs in their several habits should go beseech him to compose the matter But neither was Marcius moved with this Pompous train but required they should either accept of the terms or expect hostility to the utmost 57. The Priests being returned the Citizens were warned to be ready at the Walls thence to repel the Enemy if he came for that no other hope remained than what time and vicissitude of fortune might afford The whole Citie being full of tumults trembling and amazement the women flocked to the Temples but the most and especially the chiefest made their supplications at the Altar of Jupiter in the Capitol Amongst these was Valeria the sister of Poplicola into whose mind came this device that they should go to Veturia say Dionysius and Livy or Volumnia saith Plutarch the mother of Coriolanus and procure her with Volumnia say they or Virgilia saith he her daughter-in-law to go and intercede for their Countrey Veturia earnestly pressed to undertake so pious a work answered they had little hopes to obtain their sute for that her son had never sent to see them since his departure being falln out with his own family as well as his Countrey yet she was ready to improve that interest she had in him and set sorth towards him with her daughter-in-law and two Nephews Coriolanus seeing the women come resolved fully to give them a denial but when he perceived his mother amongst them he descended from his Tribunal and went to meet her Having courteously received her with his Wife and Children he gave ear to her request which she made with all the Oratory that she could compasse out of the impending ruin of his own Countrey and the infamy which would necessarily follow a fruitlesse attempt When herewith she could not prevail she put him in mind how much nature together with a carefull education of him in her widdowhood had ingaged him to obedience and in conclusion cast her self down at his feet which she imbraced and kissed A.M. 3517. Ol. 73. an 1. V.C. 266. Darii 34. Sp. Nautio
after he was held with a sharp Feaver and was removed near the great place for swimming where he discoursed with his Officers about supplying Vacant places in the Army with the fittest persons On the 24th his disease increasing he sacrificed being borne out to the place and commanded the principal of his Officers to stay in the Court and the rest to watch before the Gates Being removed into the inner Palace on the 25th day he rested a little but the Feaver abated not and when the Captains came to see him he spake not a word So he passed over the 26th day whereupon the Macedonians thinking him to be dead came with great noise to the Door and compelled his friends to let them in so in their Coats every man of them passed by his bed's side The same day Pithon and Seleucus were sent to the Temple of Serapis to ask if he should be removed thither and received answer that he should continue where he was On the 28th day towards the evening he expired Though he (a) Val. Max. lib. 5. cap. 1. Exter Exemp 1. fainted by the violence of his disease yet leaning on his Elbow he reached out his hand to all Soldiers that would touch it in their passage and which seemeth incredible (b) Curtius lib. 10. cap. 7. continued in the same posture he had set himself till the whole Army had saluted him 40. The Soldiers being all gone he asked his friends about him whether they thought they should have such another King When all kept silence he said that as he was ignorant hereof so he knew could Prophesie Justin lib. 12. Corn. Nepos in Eumene Curtius ut suprà and almost see with his eyes how much blood Macedonia would shed in this controversie with what slaughters and bloudshed it would make him a Parentation when he was dead At length he commanded his body to be buried in the Temple of Hammon and when his friends asked him to whom he would leave his Kingdom he answered to the most Valiant Yet having taken his Ring from his finger he gave it to Perdiccas whereby all conjectured that he commended his Kingdom to him till his Children should grow up Again Perdiccas demanding of him when he would have Divine honours given to him Of which he dieth the eleventh day he replied then when they his followers were happy which were his last words and a little after he departed He * Justin Curtius Diodorus lived 32 years and eight moneths reigned twelve and also eight moneths He died six years and ten moneths after the murther of Darius in the first year of the 114 Olympiad A. M. 3681. 322 years before the Aera of Christ Sâ—sâ—gambis the Mother of Darius having with some patience born the losse both of her Son's life and Empire when she heard of Alexander's death refused to live any longer So refraining from all sustenance she died the fifth day after CHAP. II. Of such things as hapned after the death of Alexander amongst his Captains till their Cantonizing of his Empire into their particular Kingdoms and their taking the Stile and Title of Kings upon them containing the space of 17 years Alexanders Issue and Linage 1. ALexander though he had taken several Wives yet left but one Son already born of Barsine the Daughter of Artabazus a Persian and another in the belly of Roxane the Daughter of Oxyaries His Son called Hercules was despised upon his Mothers account by the Captains who much scorned the Conquered Nations He had a sister named Cleopatra Widow to the King of Epirus and their Uncle who was slain in Italy and a base brother called Aridaeus begotten on Philinna a vvoman of Larissa who married Eurydice the daughter of Amyntas whom being the right Heir and his Nephew Philip kept from the Kingdom of Macedonia after he had exercised the Office of his Protector and on him bestowed a daughter of his own in marriage This Amyntas bore patiently the want of the Kingdom all Philip's time but in the beginning of Alexander's reign with the losse of his life attempted something His title through the prowesse of the two late Kings was utterly forgotten Cleopatra as a woman perhaps was not thought of Aridaeus neither by birth personage or qualities was fitly endowed yet upon him the election fell for want of a better because the Captains were at a losse what course to take 2. For Ptolomy the son of Lagus as he was called but reputed the son of Philip who as it 's said having used the company of Arsinoe his Mother put her off in marriage to Lagus Contention amongst his Captains about the succession when great with Child rejecting the title of the half Persian brood though as Alexander's Children they should have been considered was for the Captains their taking the rule upon them and deciding all things by Vote of the major part But as he might think this course most likely to serve his own ambition so Aristonus perhaps on the same grounds betook himself to the words of Alexander which he interpreted as meant of Perdiccas because saying that he left his Kingdom to the worthiest at the point of death he delivered to him his Ring He was seconded by many who either bore good will to Perdiccas or out of fear that he would carry it would not venture to oppose him But he would needs make a shew of modesty thinking thereby the more to indear himself whereat Meleaeger an envious man and one who bore to him a particular grudge took advantage to inveigh against him and disturbed all Councils by perswading the Soldiers that whosesoever was the Empire they had the best title to the Treasure During the uproar Aridaeus was mentioned and his name laid hold on by some peaceable spirits who labouring betwixt the parties wrought a composure for the time wherein yet Perdiccas had the better of his adversary Aridaeus declared King It was agreed according to the desire of the Infantry that Aridaeus the base son of Philip should be King and for as much as he was stupid and dull rather through the practising of Olympias upon him as some thought than any Original indisposition Perdiccas was made his Protector and Commander of his Forces who hereby in effect was King for a time though that title with the name of Philip for a greater grace was conferred upon the other 3. Then did the Officers distribute the Provinces of the Empire amongst themselves Macedonia and Greece were left to Antipater Thrace with the neighbouring Countreys was assigned to Lysimachus Egypt with all that which of Cyrâ—ne The Provinces distributed amongst the Captains Africk and Arabia had belonged to Alexander was set over to Ptolomy the son of Lagus Syria and Phoenicia were committed to Laomedon Armenia to Neoptolemus Mesopotania to Arcesilaus In Asia the lesse Cappadocia and Paphlagonia with the Countreys thereto adjoyning which Alexander had passed by in his Conquests were assigned
against whom he fought most courageously till being forsaken of his men he was slain or else killed himself Phraates had a little before this to divert him from Parthia A. M. 3877. Ol. 163. ann 1. V. C. 626. Seleucid 185. Ptol. Physc 19. Hyrcani 8. sent back his brother Demetrius with a Guard of Parthians to seize upon Syria but now repenting him of that sent some to pursue him and bring him back but he fearing such a thing had by his speed prevented it Phraates finding a daughter of his which her Uncle Antiochus had taken along with him in his expedition fell so in Love with her as he married her out of hand 77. Demetrius then recovered all the Kingdom of Syria Iustin ibid. though not long likely to hold it by reason of that malice he contracted both from Soldiers and People Iosephus Antiquit lib. 13. cap. 17. Hyrcanus the High Priest and chief Magistrate of the Jews taking this occasion leads down an Army to the Cities of Syria supposing indeed as it was that he should find them unmanned took Medeba in the sixth moneth then Samega and Sicima the Metropolis of the Samaritans and so to no King after Antiochus Sidetes were the Jews subject but shook off the yoak of the Syrian Kingdom Iustin lib. 42. The Parthian King intended to make war upon him but was hindred by the Scythians whom having sent for to aid him against Antiochus because they came something too late he denied them their pay for which they harrassed his borders and he opposing them with the Greeks whom he had taken before in the War and cruelly used was betrayed by them and so slain with the rest of his Army Idem lib. 39. Iosephus ut priùs Demetrius being absent in Aegypt the Antiochians first then other Cities revolted not enduring his pride as they pretended which he had increased by his durance in Parthia so that he was forced to return but they sent to Ptolomy Physcon desiring him to send them some one of the posterity of Seleucus to reign over them He sent them a young man an Aegyptian the son of one Protarchus a Merchant A fable was invented of his being adopted by Antiochus Balas whereupon his name being Zabinas or Zabinaus he was sirnamed Alexander Demetrius having recovered the Kingdom is outed of it by his rebellious Subjects and Zabinas a counterfeit and is slain at Tyre and the Syrians being willing to have any rather than Demetrius readily received him Being come into Syria it happned that the reliques of Antiochus Sidetes were sent at the same time into Syria which being received very solemnly by all the Cities he also counterfeited a true mourner and got himself thereby much favour from his new Subjects not discovering his tears to be feigned Not long after he fought with Demetrius near to Damascus and overthrew him who then fled to Cleopatra his wife to Ptolomais but being excluded by her and his sons with a few servants he went to Tyre hoping to save himself there by the religion of the Temple and was slain by the procurement of his wife or Zabinas after his return from Parthia in the 189 year of the Seleucidae A. M. 3881 the first of the 164. Olympiad 78. Alexander Zabinas then a counterfeit succeeded Demetrius Appian ut supra Josephus by the favour of the People though he left two sons by Cleopatra Seleucus and Antiochus sirnamed Grypus from his hooked nose The former of these taking a Diadem upon him at the years end his mother slew him with a dart by her own hands because he did it without permission fearing perhaps he might revenge his Fathers death or being caried out with that height of spirit wherewith she ordered and ruined all things Alexander entered into a League and alliance with Hyrcanus of Judaea Excerpt Diori Siculi Three of his greatest Captains revolted from him and seized upon Laodicea but he reduced and yet pardoned them being of a mild and pleasing deportment Justin lib. 42. whereby he got the affections of all men But him he alienated from him whom it most concernd him still to oblige viz. Ptolomy who of late had set him up He despised Ptolomy now growing insolent as being able to stand on his own legs which the other taking in great disdain that a creature whom he had raised out of the dust should so requite him laboured faster to pull him down than ever he had done for his advancement He reconciled himself to his sister Cleopatra and for that Antiochus whom she had by Demetrius was yet alive unto whom having bestowed the title of King she ruled all her self he sent him great aid and his daughter Tryphaena for a wife which the People seeing Antiochus Grypus son to Demetrius defeateth and killeth Alexander Balas the usurping counterfeit began to revolt apace from Alexander At length they ingaged in a battel in which Alexander was overthrown who then fled to Antioch where wanting money to pay his Soldiers he took out of the Temple of Jupiter an image of Victory of massie Gold jesting it out that Jupiter had lent him Victory But a little after attempting to remove secretly and take away Jupiter's image it self of an infinite weight he was discovered and forced to run away by the multitude after which being oppressed with a grievous Tempest and forsaken by his followers he was taken by thieves and by them brought to Antiochus Grypus was killed though some give other accounts of his death after he had reigned four years 79. His mother was sore grieved at his Victory Idem ibid. Appian ut supra thinking her dignity was lessend by it having an ambitious desire of reigning her self with which she was so far driven as to offer him a cup of poyson as he once came in from exercise which he having knowledge of beforehand refused as it were in civility desired her to do it her self and then urging her to it at length producing witnesse of her wicked intent told her there was no way to clear her self but by drinking that which she had prepared for her son so that being forced to do it her wickednesse fell upon her own head Being thus rid of his unnatural mother he reigned securely eight years but then Antiochus his half brother the son of Antiochus Sidetes begot on his mother and from Cyzicus the place where we was brought up under Craterus the Eunuch Is emulated by Antiochus Cyzicenus his half brother and cousin german called Cyzicenus began to be his emulator for the Kingdom whom he then going about to poyson provoked him to a more speedy attempt of what he had but before designed At this time it hapned that Cleopatra the sister and wife of Ptolomy Lathurus being divorced from him by the means of that notable woman her mother came into Syria and maried with this Cyzicenus and for that she would not seem utterly to
this War depended the year following was Alexandria in Egypt built as Livy writeth whereas the foundation of this Citie was laid while Alexander was in Africk the year before the death of Darius and the fifth before this wherein C. Paetilius and L. Papyrius Mugilanus were Consuls This same year he maketh Alexander the King of Epirus to have been slain who being Uncle by the mothers side to Alexander the Great is thought to have undertaken an expedition into Italy out of emulation towards his Nephew that as the one was now Conquering the East so the other might endeavour to subdue the West having no lesse matter to work upon in Italy Africk and Sicily than the other found in Asia and Persia He was deceived by the Oracle of Jupiter of Dodona which bidding him beware of Pandosia and Acheron he knowing there was a Citie of the former name in Epirus and a River of the later thought himself so much the safer as he could get farthest off from these Being therefore sent for by the Tarentines he came into Italy and made War with the Brutii and Lucani from whom he took many Towns and 300 families which he sent as Hostages into Epirus He entred into a League with the Metapontini and Romans But the Brutii and Lucani recruiting themselves by the supplies of their neighbours re-inforced the War and set upon him near Pandosia a Town situate a little above Consentia the Metropolis of the Brutii near to which ran a River called Acheron Alexander King of Epirus slain in Italy Taking this River with his horse he was therein slain by a Lucanian and his dead body being carried down the stream into the Enemies quarters was mangled into pieces A certain woman whose husband and Children were taken prisoners by the Epirots got the pieces together and in exchange for her relations sent his bones to Metapontus whence they were conveyed into Epirus unto Cleopatra his wife and Olympias his sister whereof the one was sister and the other mother to Alexander the Great The Palaepolitans being conquered the Tarentines their allies proceed in the War and draw in the Samnites and Neapolitans 2. The Palaepolitans though assisted by the Samnites and Tarentines were overmatched so as glad they were to yield up their City and the Samnites lost three of their own Towns The Tarentines yet proceeded and drew both the Samnites and Neapolitans the other part of this Greek Colony afresh into the War wherein also the Inhabitants of Vestinus together with their allies ingaged themselves Whilst this War was but beginning great stirs hapned in the City There one L. Papyrius had given up himself to C. Publius as a slave to work out his fathers debt Being a young man of a beautiful body Publius attempted filthily to abuse him and when he would in no wise suffer this most grievously beat and tore his body with rods In this plight Papyrius got away and running to the People by declaring his condition so affected them that they procured the Fathers to decree that the Consuls should propose to them in the Comitia these two Laws the first That no man should be detained in bonds New Laws in favour of Debtors except for some misdemeanor till the time of his punishment the second that the money and goods not the body of the debtor should be responsible Whereupon all prisoners for debt were forthwith set at liberty The year following the Vestini were overthrown by Junius Brutus Scaeva the Consul who also took from them two Towns His Collegue L. Furius Camillus being sick in Samnium or the Country of the Samnites pronounced Dictator L. Papyrius Cursor the most famous Captain by far of those times who named Q. Fabius Rutilianus for his Master of Horse-men Papyrius being in Camp against the Samnites was forced to return to Rome L. Papyrius Cursor made Dictator for the renewing of his auspicia and at his departure commanded his Master of Horse-men not to stir out of the trenches to fight one stroak till he came back A. M. 3681. Ol. 114 an 1. V. C. 430. Alexand 13. but Fabius understanding that a notable advantage of doing something of consequence was presented from the Enemy fell upon the Samnites and made great slaughter of them The Dictator hearing of this in a great rage returned to the Camp and had put him to death but that he was rescued by the Army from which flying to the City Papyrius followed him and pressing sore to the Senate the necessity of discipline and authority Is hindred from punishing Fabius Rutilianus his Master of the Horse-men would not at all give way to the intreaties of the Fathers This forced M. Fabius the father of the party to appeal to the People and their Tribunes by which he hardly was drawn to pardon him though his authority was saved together with the life of Fabius through the intreaties of those who might justly have Commanded it as was confessed by himself 3. This severity of the Dictator so alienated the hearts of the Soldiers from him that it had well nigh cost him the losse of a battel which constrained him to be more Popular then afterward he overthrew the Samnites and harrazed their Country The Samnites overthrown This made them desire Peace but returning quickly again to their former enmity in the second year after they received another great defeat from A. Cornelius Aruina the Dictator Herewith they were so struck that they sent all the prisoners they had home to Rome with such plunder as they had taken and the dead body with the goods of him who had been the author of the revolt and who fearing to be given up had killed himself Desire Peace which is denied them The Senate onely received the men Livius lib. 9. with such goods as any Citizen could challenge for his own and denied them Peace At this C. Pontius a leading man amongst them took occasion grievously to enveigh against the injustice of the Romans and causing them to take arms led them presently near to a place called Caudium whence having apparelled ten Soldiers in the habit of Shepherds he sent them to Calatia where he heard the Consuls lay at present with a charge that when they should be asked where the Army of the Samnites was they should answer in Apulia besieging Luceria which it had already well nigh taken A rumour being already spred abroad of such a thing now obtained greater credit and the Romans accounted themselves by all means bound to succour Luceria and the rather for fear lest all Apulia should revolt Two wayes there were which led to Luceria One by the Sea side open and secure another through the Straights of Caudinum called Furcae Caudinae at this day Caudino and Forche Caudine ten miles distant from Benevento a place incompassed about with high mountains into which one could not enter They entrap the Roman Army at Furcae Caudinae nor depart
heart so that he died but being wounded by Euphorbus Patroclus slain who came behind him he was slain by Hector Euphorbus endeavoured to get his body but was killed by Menelaus and the Soul of this Euphorbus Pythagoras affirmed according to his principle of commigration to have passed into his own body After this Achilles whose presence formerly had kept the Trojans within their Walls went out to fight and taking twelve young men alive slew them at the funeral of Patroclus By the River Scamander or Xanthus he killed Asteropaeus Captain of the Paeones from whom though he received a wound in the Arm yet went he to fight with Hector Hector slain who expected him without the Walls and would not be perswaded to decline his fury though it proved his ruine being slain in this single Combat about the 30th year of his age His body tied to a Chariot the Conquerour drew in Triumph about the Walls Diodorus l. 2. p. 91. but afterwards it was ransomed by Priamus After this he slew Memnon the Nephew of Priamus by his brother Tithonus who was sent out of Persia by the Assyrian King Teutamus to his aid then Troilus his son by Hecuba and lastly Penthesilea one of the Amazons who for murder had fled her Countrey and coming to Troas * Servius after Hector's death did good service against the Greeks When dead Achilles is said to have been enamoured of her body and with her also the valour of this sort of women is believed to have been extinct 31. Achilles whom no art nor violence of the Trojans could overcome was taken by the love of a Woman and slain by treachery For having a view of (a) Idem ad Virgil. Aeneiad l. 3. Polyxena the daughter of Priamus from the Wall he became so inslaved to her in his affections that he proceeded to a Treaty of marriage wherein he was shot with a Dart by Paris Achilles treacherously killed by Paris who hid himself behind the image of Apollo which idol is therefore feigned an assistant in the work Afterwards the Greeks had it revealed to them that except they could take the Palladium or Image of Pallas out of the City till they should get Hercules his Arrows and provide a wooden Horse Troy could never be taken Ulysses therefore and Diomedes as * Aeneiad 21. Virgil singeth stole away the Image Philoctetes who had the Arrows was sent for from the Island Lemnos and with them slew Paris the incendiary after whose death Deiphobus the son of Priamus obtained Helena as being of best account for valour next to his brother Hector Then was a wooden Horse prepared by the hands of Epeus which pretending to dedicate to Minerva they left before the Citie having industriously made it higher than the Gates hoping the Trojans would pull down part of the Wall to take it in They left also some of their choicest men in the Horses belly and Sinon with his hands bound behind him who under notion of a fugitive that had been ill used should perswade them to receive it into the Citie and then giving out that they would raise the siege for some time they withdrew into the Island Tenedos The Trojans with great resolution break down the Wall and taking in the Horse placed him in the Castel but in the night Sinon giving warning by fire the Greeks came from Tenedos and being easily let in by their companions by reason of the Trojans had drunk themselves fast asleep Troy taken the Citie was taken sacked and burnt A.M. 2821 Menelaus killing Deiphobus in his bed took away Helena and Priamus was slain in his own house by Pyrrhus or Neoptolemus the son of Achilles Of the Trojans which escaped Antenor being spared by the Greeks came with the Heneti into the Adriatick Sea where he built Padua and Aeneas the son of Anchises at length reached Italy This destruction of Troy hapned in the 10th year of the siege 408 before the first Olympiad 1182 before the Aera of Christ of the World 2821. in the dayes of Jepthah who judged Israel 32. Of the Greek Captains which escaped Ajax the son of Telamon striving with Ulysses for the Armour of Achilles and overcome by the judgement of the Army killed himself or else was circumvented by his adversary Ajax the younger the son of Oileus having taken prisoner Cassandra the daughter of Priamus unwilling to part with her was driven by the plots of Agamemnon to shift for himself and putting out to Sea in an unseasonable time miscarried by shipwrack Of those that returned home most encountred with many difficulties Ulysses especially who for many years wandred about The Greeks return home as it is poetically described by * In Odyss â— Homer Menelaus after the work was done presently commanded the Greeks to prepare for their return but Agamemnon being unwilling to depart before he had sacrifized to Minerva the Fleet was divided and a contention arose betwixt the followers of Menelaus when they came to Tenedos because some would have stayed for Agamemnon there insomuch as Ulysses then returned back to him Nestor set sayl thence before Menelaus but was overtaken by him about the Island Lesbos whence they sailed together as far as Attica where Menelaus staying to bury Phrontes the other left him and came safe home to Pylus Menelaus his ships were most of them overwhelmed in a Tempest about the Promontory of Malea and the rest with him and Helena driven into Egypt where and in other places he continued till * Consule Strab. l. 1. p. 37. c. the 8th year Agamemnon after he had sacrifized and erected an Altar to the twelve gods in the Promontory of Troas came home and was presently * Homer Odyss 4. murdered by Aegisthus the son of his Uncle Thyestes with whom Clytemnestra his wife the daughter also of Tyndareus had lived in Adultery and now conspired to make him away Orestes 33. He left a son named Orestes and three daughters begotten on this vvoman The Boy for he vvas but young was by his sister Electra and his Nurse vvhen they perceived his life vvas laid at by Aegisthus before his fathers return conveyed into Phocis unto Strophius Lege Simsonium in Chronico A. M. 2829. vvho had married his father's sister vvhence returning the 8th year after his death he killed Aegisthus together vvith his mother and recovered the Kingdom Because of his mothers death he vvas vexed by the furies and found some difficulty in mastering the Argives vvho now opposed him but by the help of the Phocians he recovered his father's Dominions though Menelaus his Uncle either for that he disapproved the death of his mother or for private respects bare him no good vvill and neglected him vvhich he shewed further in taking from him his daughter Hermione vvho had brought him a son and giving her to Pyrrhus the son of Achilles Tormented vvith the furies he vvent into Arcadia
he thrust his feet in Iron fetters and exposed him as a prey to wild beasts Yet either by those that had this charge Diodorus l. 4. p. 185. A.M. 2695. or others that found him he was carried to Polybus King of Corinth who caused his feet to be healed from the swelling of which he had the name of Oedipus and brought him up Many years after when he was grown Laius either hearing some rumor concerning him or carried by natural affection went to enquire of the Oracle what had hapned to his son and at the same time it chanced that Oedipus having heard of some design against himself went thither also to enquire who were his true Parents They met in Phocis A.M. 2722. where Laius bidding the other somewhat imperiously to give way Oedipus moved with choler killed him being utterly ignorant who he was Creon 8. Laius being dead Creon the brother of Jocaste called also Epicaste seized upon his Kingdom Oedipus and kept it for some time till Oedipus explained the ridle of Sphinx T is Munster which the Boeotians also called Phix Apollodorus is feigned to have had an head and face like a woman the hinder parts like a Lyon and wings as a Bird and keeping upon the Hill Phicion Plutarch in lib. quòd bruta ratione utuntur or Phiceon so named from her she proposed ridles which whosoever could unridle should have Jocaste in marriage with the Kingdom but if not she presently devoured them Unridleth the ridle of Sphinx Her ridle to Oedipus was this what is it that which goeth both on two Legs three and four A.M. 2758. Many having lost their lives for a misinterpretation he expounded it to be meant of a man who when an Infant creepeth on hands and feet when arrived at ripenesse of age goeth upright on legs and when he cometh to be old useth a staff Some think her a deformed and savage kind of woman that living on prey used to lie in wait for passengers But Pausanias writing that she was the Bastard daughter of Laius others judge her to have been for her wisdom preferred to determine the pretences of such as claimed the Kingdom and that those who were cast in the tryal she punished with death which cruelty the Poets detesting raised the fable Because of her abilities this kind of Monster was made by * Clemens Strom. l. 5. the Aegyptians an Hieroglyphick of wisedom and strength in both wich Plutarch maketh her to have excelled 9. Oedipus then married Jocasta his own mother not knowing what she was to him and obtained the Kingdom of Thebes Diodorus telleth us that he had two sons by her Eteocles and Polynices with as many daughters but others say he had them by Euryganea the daughter of Hyperphas At length all came to light both that he had killed his father and married his own mother whereupon she presently hanged her self and his sons kept him up close for the filthinesse of the thing as some say though others will have him driven from Thebes and that going to Theseus King of Athens he there died a little after Polynices while his father was yet living went to Argos Pausan Diodorus Apollod where he married Argia the daughter of Adrastus but after his death returned to Thebes to succeed him in the Kingdom The two brothers then agreed to reign by turns Eteocles Polynices but Eteocles having the first course refused to yield up his power at the time prefixed so that Polynices was glad to return to Argos At the same time there hâ—pned to be with Adrastus one Tydeus the son of Oeneus who having killed a man in Aetolia fled also to him both these he kindly received and by direction of the Oracle making them his sons-in-law promised to restore them to their Countreys and Estates Beginning first with Polynices he sent Tydeus in Ambassage to Eteocles who caused fifty men to lie in wait for him by the way but he killed them all and returned safe to Argos Adrastus to revenge the injury made all possible preparation for a War and invited all the best Souldiers from all quarters to the expedition Seven Eminent Captains gave their names whereof Amphiaraus who had married Eriphile the sister of Adrastus was Chief though of so ancient a thing as this Theban-war there can be little certainty The Theban War 10. A.M. 2785. Having each of them his several Army or Company rather they marched to Thebes which they besieged and divided themselves according to the Gates of the Citie Eteocles made all preparations for defence assigning to every Gate its Officer and consulted Tiresias a Prophet then blind concerning the event of the War He answered that the Thebans should overcome if Menaeceus the son of Creon would devote himself as a sacrifice to Mars which he presently did killing himself before the Gates Diod. l. 4. p. 177. The Thebans then made a sally but were beaten back to the Walls which when the Argives approched Capaneus one of the seven Captains first of all others set to Ladders and mounted but he being killed the other retreated and many of them were slain in the pursute After this it was agreed that the two brothers in a single Combat should decide the quarrel and so doing they mutually fell by the hands of each other then followed a very sharp fight wherein all the Captains that followed Adrastus were slain and he onely escaped by the swiftnesse of his Horse Arion Yet this victory cost the Thebans so dear that being themselves almost ruined hence Cadmea victoria became a proverb This War fell out 28 years before that of Troy Laodamus 11. Eteocles leaving behind him a young son named Laodamus Creon the brother of Jocasta assumed the Guardianship of him and would not suffer the Argives to be buried till Theseus and the Athenians procured it Ten years after the War when Laodamus was now grown up the sons of those Captains that had been slain called Epigoni made an expedition against Thebes to revenge the death of their fathers The expedition of the Epigoni A.M. 2795. Consulting before-hand the Oracle of Delphos about the successe they were bidden to chuse Alcmaeon the son of Amphiaraus for their General which having done and marching into Thebais they wasted all the Countrey round about the Citie Hereupon the Thebans made a sally and a sharp conflict insued wherein Laodamus slew Aegialeus the son of Adrastus and was himself killed by Alcmaeon though Pausanias saith he escaped out of the fight and fled to the Illyrians After this the Citie was taken and with other plunder Pausan Tiresias the Prophet was sent as a present towards Delphos but drinking by the way presently died This is he SECT 1. Thersander who is said to have experienced both Sexes and lived seven Generations even from the dayes of Cadmus to this time The Epigoni having taken
resolving to try the event of a Land battel The Persians suspecting the Samians disarmed them and sent the Milesians to keep the passages leading up into the Mountain As the Armies were going to meet a sudden rumour was spreadabroad through that of the Graecians that Mardonius with his forces were cut off which elevated their spirits and made them to charge with greater alacrity which was also increased for that they were now to fight at the Temple of the same Goddesse as they heard their friends had done with Mardonius in Boeotia The battel at Mycale Then charged they the Persians in a double body the Athenians with the Corinthians and others on the plain by the Sea-shore the Lacedaemonians and others joyned with them through the mountainous and precipitous places who whilest they were getting up the Athenians fell on and calling on one another to endeavour to deprive the Lacedaemonians of the honour of the victory charged the Enemy so furiously that at length they beat them back and forced them into their Camp whither also they brake in with them 66. Hereupon ensuing a bloudy fight all the rest fled except the Persians who fighting with great resolution were yet cut off and defeated upon the coming in of the Lacedaemonians and the rest Two of the Sea Captains were slain two escaped and with the rest fell Tigranes the General of the foot and of the Greeks perished not a few The Samians though disarmed and other Ionians came in and helped their friends and the Milesians set to Guard the passages of Mycale fell down upon the Persians another way and made great slaughter of them So was Ionia rent from the Persian Empire again Ionia revolteth and joyned to the Graecians After this performed by Land the Conquerours burnt all the Persian ships in the Haven and being inriched with great spoil returned to Samus It was found out afterwards that this victory at Mycale was obtained on the self same day as the other at Plaetaea in Boeotia the later in the morning and the former at evening which caused the wonder how intelligence could be given to these that fought at Mycale of the successe of their Countrey-men so far of Diodorus ad Olymp. 75. an 2. Polyaenus str l. 1. Front lib. 1. cap. 11. Exemp 7. This hapned often in following times as will be seen although some have thought that no report was brought any way to the Army of the victory of Plataea but that it was so given out on purpose as a stratagem by Leutychides to animate his Souldiers who then being wholely ignorant of any such thing he invented that which afterwards proved accordingly These two battels and victories hapned on the third or fourth day of the moneth Boedromion in the second year after the invasion of Greece by Xerxes 67. The Graecians lying at Samus fell into dispute about translating the Ionians and Aeolians out of Asia into Greece for that they could not be alwayes in a readinesse to defend them and they could not subsist of themselves Herodotus ut priùs lib. 9. cap. 105. Diodorus ut priùs and the Spartans moved that those who had revolted to the Persian should be cast out and they placed in their rooms but the Athenians fearing to be deprived of the right of their Colony which yet the Ionians acknowledging themselves might own the rest of the associates for their patrons upon such a change dashed the project Then were the Samians Chians Lesbians and others who had revolted religiously and solemnly sworn to the observation of the league and the Graecians departed towards the Hellespont to break the Bridge there which when they found broken to their hands they consulted about returning home The Athenians were for going into the Cherronesus of Thrace to recover it out of the hands of the Persians and though the Peloponnesians returned proceeding in their resolution went and besieged Sestus an Aeolian Town situate in the Chersonesus over against Abydus Before this Town they continued till the Autumn was far spent and then pined out the inhabitants who forsook the Town but were overtaken and either slain or made prisoners amongst the later sort of which was Artagetes the Governour who because he had violated the sepulchre of the Chapel of Protesilaus a great Saint in that place saw first his son stoned before his face and then was hanged by command of Xanthippus the Athenian Admiral Then returned the Navy home to Athens The Median War endeth after two years ◠and nothing was done further this year which was the second of the 75 Olympiad and the 7th of the reign of Xerxes of the World 3526. and before Christ the 477. 68. Xerxes all this while lay at Sardis and thither those few that escaped from Mycale betook themselves In the way Masistes brother to the King fell foul upon Artayntes one of the Captains of the Fleet amongst other reproachfull words telling him that he had in this behaved himself more cowardly than a woman whereupon the other drew his Dagger and had stabbed him but that one Xenagoras an Halicarnassean interposed himself whom for this saving of his brother Xerxes rewarded with the Government of Cilicia Whilest he lay still at Sardis he fell in love with the wife of Masistes but she being too honest for his adulterous intentions he married her and his brothers daughter Artaynta to his son Darius hoping to enjoy her this way which Ceremony being over he returns home leaving part of his Forces to continue the War with the Graecians In his (a) Strabo lib. 14. flight he burned all the Temples of Asia except the Ephesian out of indignation at his late bad successe and amongst the rest the Oracle of Didymean Apollo amongst the Branchidans who because they betrayed the Treasures of their God to him durst not stay behind but followed him (b) Herodotus Some say he went to Susa others to Ecbatane a (c) Diodorus third that by Babylon into Persia That in his way back from Graece he (d) Ctesias Arrianus lib. 7. Herodotus ut priùs cap. 183. Strab. lib. 16. destroyed the Temple of Belus in that Citie we also read with all the other religious places of the Babylonians taking away a Statue off that Wall of twelve Cubits and all of beaten Gold and killing the Priest who offered to hinder the removal of it Xerxes his incontinence 69. Being returned to Susa he fell from the Mother to the Daughter too being in love with Artaynta his Daughter-in-law whom incestuously he used constantly She begged of him a Coat which with much art and industry Amestris his wife had made for him By her wearing of this the Queen knew how matters went and thence followed the destruction of the whole house of Masistes for on Xerxes his birth-day when he used not to deny her any request she asked Masistes wife to be given up into her power vvhich he doing she cut off
force Appian de bello civili lib. 2. Caesar lib. 3. Plutarch in Pompeio Dio lib. 42. Not long it was ere she returned having furnished her self which her brother being aware of went and pitched his Tents near the Mountain Casius at the Pelusian mouth of the Nile where lying incamped Pompey being then beaten by Caesar at the battel at Pharsalum fled to him for defence and safeguard chusing rather to venture upon Egypt than any other place both for its nearnesse and strength and hoping upon the account of his Guardianship to be lovingly received The King then a very boy about 13 years old gave no answer to his message Pompey flying to him for succour is slain but those most potent about him consulting of it were perswaded by Theodotus his School-master to receive him but then that they might curry favour with Caesar to make him away A. M. 3957. Ol. 183. ann 1. V. C. 706. Hyrcani 16. C. Julio Caesare 2. P. Servilio Isaurio Coss so that being received with small civility into a little boat he was slain ere he got to the other side as is more largely expressed in the Roman story His head was reserved as a present for Caesar who coming to Alexandria though at the first he was very welcom and got much respect for his frequenting the publick readings of Philosophers yet exacting the debt owing by Auletes and not abstaining from the Treasure of the Temples for the payment of his Army he thereby incurred the great displeasure of the Towns-men all things being made worse by Pothinus who to his utmost ability incensed the superstitious multitude Caesar also accounting it to belong to himself as Consul and shortly after as Dictator to compose the differences of the Confederates of the people of Rome took upon him to judge the cause of the King and his sister which bred such disturbance as thereupon ensued a troublesom War 29. There were secret plots laid for his life which he being aware off Plutarch in Caesare Dio Caesar ut priùs was glad to spend whole nights in feasting to prevent them and gave way to Cleopatra to come to him who knowing he was no hater of women had sent to him to complain Caesar going about to reconcile brother and sister a War is â—â—â—â—ce raised by Pâ—â—hiaus the Eunuch and desire a conference At the sight of her he became her very slave and turned from being her Judge to her Advocate which thing so inraged the King perceiving her now to be got into the Palace that he rushed out to the people crying he was betrayed and pulling his Diadem from his head cast it on the ground A great stir arising hereupon he was caught by Caesars Soldiers and brought back into the house which the multitude thereat inraged now besieged and Caesar with promise to do whatsoever they would scarce appeased the tumult his men being unprovided for resistance having not expected any such occasion from those they accounted their friends Then taking Ptolomy and Cleopatra along with him A. M. 3958. Q. Fusto Caleno Publio Vatinio Coss he read over their fathers Will in publick audience which subjecting them to the tuition of the people of Rome whose Supream and absolute Magistrate he then was in execution of the said Will he gave to them two as husband and wife the Kingdom of Egypt and to their younger brother and sister that of Cyprus not leaving any thing to himself but willing rather to add something of his own such a fear at this time had seized on him The people hereby was quieted for a time untill Pothinus fearing he might be called to account for what had already passed kindled a new flame to divert it He first objected as well he might what an unworthy thing it was that the King should be called to answer and then added there was reason to suspect that whatsoever Caesar might pretend yet at length he would put all into the hands of Cleopatra He sent to Achillas General of all the Forces then lying at Pelusium alluring him by great promises in the Kings name to draw down the Army privily to Alexandria and he being not backward to cloze with him marched down with 20000 foot and 2000 horse Caesar had not strength enough to go out and meet him and therefore contained himself in the Citie yet commanded his men to be in readinesse and kept the King with him whose name he knew to be of great force amongst his people and that thereby this undertaking might appear rather to be the enterprize of a few dissolute and factious persons than any thing backed by his consent or Warrant The Alexandrian War 30. Achillas (a) Idem ibid. despising the number of Caesar's Soldiers after he had entred the Citie thought presently to have broken in upon him but he prevented this by blocking up the wayes and fortifying his house Then followed a sharp contention at the Haven the Alexandrians endeavouring to become Masters of the Fleet and thereby to cut off all Provisions and supplies from coming to him but he made a shift to burn all the Gallies from which the fire seizing upon the houses adjoyning consumed to ashes that famous (b) Plutarch in Caesare Orosius lib. 6. cap. 15. Library Collected by the care and diligence of the former Kings After this exploit so happily performed he placed a Garrison in (c) Caesar ut priùs Pharus an Island over against Alexandria ennobled by a famous Tower of the same name but three quarters of a mile distant from the Citie and after a few skirmishes sent about into Syria Cilicia and other places for aid Arsinoe the Kings younger sister got out to Achillas and joyntly with him managed the War yet with such contention for the Chief command as proved onely beneficial to the Soldiers whom both by gifts sought to oblige for the contest at length arrived at such (d) Hirtius de bello Alexandrino height that lying in wait for the life of each other he was slain by the help of one Ganymedes who having helped her in her escape was now preferred to be their General Pothinus all this while was not backward Achillas the General is slain and Pothinus put to death by Caesar but out of the Court sent messengers to Achillas to incourage him in his work which being discovered cost him his life and caused the King to be more nearly looked to Ganymedes at his entrance upon the Generalship stopped up the chanels which brought fresh-water into that part of the City where Caesar lay and with engines conveied salt from the Sea into the room of it thinking thereby to discourage the Enemy and force him out of his hold but Caesar though his Soldiers were at first daunted at it prevented the design by sinking of wells which abundantly supplied their necessities to the wonder of the Aegyptians who had no such invention By this time
the rest with his relations to the number of 800. he marched on to Massada and there placed them where no sort of Provisions was wanting but he himself held on for Petra in Arabia hoping of that King who was such a friend of his father to obtain help for the recovery of his brothers liberty But the Parthians after his departure from Jerusalem plundred the Citie and Palace and wasted the Countrey in wich they destroyed Marisa a wealthy Town and so reducing Antigonus into Judaea delivered up Hyrcanus and Phaselus into his hands who was grievously troubled that the women had escaped which he intended together with the money to have given to the Parthians 30. Then fearing that Hyrcanus by the favour of the people might again be restored to the Kingdom he either cut or bit off his ears making him thereby uncapable of the Priesthood which by the Law was not given but to one of an entire body But Phaselus knowing he was destined to death for that he could not otherwise kill himself for his bonds dashed out his brains against a stone Antigonus having received Hyrcanus and Phaselus depriveth the former of his ears and Phaselus dasheth out his own brains It was reported that being grievously wounded in his head Antigonus caused poyson to be put into it instead of salve and that he hearing before his death that his brother Herod had escaped underwent it chearfully as leaving behind him a revenger of it And he certainly knowing nothing thereof laboured exceedingly to prevent it going to Malchus the Arabian whom he knew to be obliged to his family hoping of him to get money either upon free gift or trust and resolving to give 300 Talents for his brothers Ransom whose son also a Child of seven years old he carried with him to leave as a pledge But the Arabian being perswaded by his great ones to retain the money owing with the goods which Antipater had deposited with him sent some to meet him and command him to depart from his borders and after he was gone repented of what he had done and sent after him but too late For he was now almost got into Egypt hearing of his brothers death in the way where Cleopatra kindly entertained him intending to use him in her Wars but nothing could hinder him from hasting to Rome though in the Winter season and though great stirs were reported to be in Italy whither also he came though with great danger for the difficulty of Navigation Being rejected by the Arabian he goeth to Rome 31. He came thither when not long before there had been an agreement made betwixt Antony and Caesar the Triumvirs the former having married Octavia sister to the later and another betwixt them two and young Pompey who then held Sicily which was a time convenient enough for his affairs He made his application to Antony of whose favour he had formerly tasted recounting to him the whole story of the Parthians over-running Judaea of his brothers death and the misery of his family now besieged in a Castle and how through these Tempests both at Sea and Land he had ventured to come to him as his onely harbour and refuge and withall was not sparing in the offering of money to him in case he could procure him to be declared King of Judaea Cap. 26. Pity wrought something with Antony being backed with the memory of that friendship which had passed betwixt Antipater and himself the money more and to these being superadded an hatred of Antigonus whom he accounted a turbulent man and one that bore a mind full of hatred towards the Romans he much inclined to favour him Caesar also partly for that Antipater had done good service for his adoptive father in Egypt and because he was willing to gratifie Antony was ready to do him all good Offices being also inclined to favour him out of a particular phancy he had to the man for his courage The Senate therefore being called first Messala and then Atratonius commended him to the fathers relating his father's and then his own merits towards the Commonwealth and withall they accused Antigonus and inveighed against him as an Enemy for that he had not onely born himself as such heretofore but now of late in the calling in of the Parthians Herewith the Senate being offended Antony then declared to them that it would much conduce to the carrying on of the Parthian War which was now depending if Herod should be King so that without any more to do he was so declared by the unanimous consent of all Where to the wonder both of himself and others he his declared King of Judaea and then being accompanied into the Capitol by Caesar and Antony on each hand the Consuls going before there sacrifized and according to the custom laying up the decree of the Senate was feasted by Antony Thus obtained he the Kingdom with the wonder of himself as well as others through the especial friendship of Antony having ever feared that the Romans would never consent he should have that honour which was not wont to be bestowed but upon a royal race and therefore he intended to have sued for it not for himself but for Alexander brother to Mariamne his wife and this increased the wonder that within seven dayes he should be dispatched and dismissed out of Italy But thus obtained he the Sovereignty of Judaea A. M. 3965. A. M. 3965. in the first of the 185 Olympiad Domitius Calvinus the second time and C. Asinius Pollio being Consuls some 37 years before the birth of Christ 32. During his absence Josephus de bello l. 1. c. 12. Antigonus laid close siege to the Castle of Massada where he left his relations abounding with all sorts of provisions onely water was wanting so that Joseph had thoughts of flying with 200 men into Arabia the King whereof he had now heard to have repented of the rejecting of his brother But this was prevented by a shower which fell by night as if sent on purpose from Heaven for their relief whereupon they were so heartned as to sally out upon the besiegers whereof they cut off many In the mean while Ventidius the Roman General being sent into Syria to expel the Parthians thence after their retreat came into Judaea pretending to help Joseph but indeed with intentions to fleece Antigonus of a round sum of money which he did pitching his tents nigh to Jerusalem which being done he drew off the greater part of his forces and left Silo with a party behind him lest the fraud should be understood whom Antigonus was also to pacifie till such time as the Parthians could come and help him But in the mean time Herod landed at Ptolemais and having got together no mean company hasted through Galile against him Idem Antiq. l. 14. c. 27. A. M. 3966. To Silo and Ventidius Antony had sent expresse order by Gellius to place him in the Kingdom Ventidius
which he willingly took upon him as one who alone sate at the helm and could steer matters concerning Rome according to his pleasure In his absence the Tribunes were very fierce against him yet through the interposition of Tiberius Gracchus formerly accounted his Enemy he was not condemned 10. Lucius Scipio Asiaticus his brother was also called to an account and escaped not condemnation the money supposed to be retained to his own use being charged upon his estate and he was kept from imprisonment meerly by the power of Gracchus Livius lib. 39. Val. Max. l. 6. cap. 3. exemp 7. Augustin de Civitate Dei l. 18. c. 13. The following year was discovered the abhominable practice of certain women at the feasts of Bacchus Asiaticus his brother is fined which being kept in the night all manner of filthinesse and continual murders were committed At first these festivals were observed but three dayes in a year but now five in every moneth and men were admitted whereas they were begun by women All who being present and drawn in would not consent to such abhominations were sacrificed as beasts A. M. 3819. V.C. 568. a vast number being bewitched with this folly The abhominable practices at the Bacchanalia discovered The matter being revealed to Sp. Posthumius Albinus the Consul he acquainted the Senate with it by which order was taken for apprehending the persons imprisoning some and putting others to death as well in other parts of Italy as in the City the contagion having infected many other places but especially Capua It was brought to Rome out of Hetruria 11. In the second or third year after this discovery and the fourth of his exile Africanus dieth died P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus whether at Linternum or Rome is unknown the place of his burial being also uncertain A. M. 3822. Ol. 159. ann 2. V. C. 571. Seleuci Philop. 5. Ptol. Epiph. 21. That he died this year Livy gathereth because having been Prince or chief of the Senate at the former Lustrum this year he was left our which none used to be as long as he lived by L. Valerius Flaccus and M. Porcius Cato the Censors the former whereof was chosen into the place Valerius Maximus telleth us that he commanded this to be ingraven on his Tomb Ingrata Patria ne ossa quidem mea habes which sheweth that he was not buried at Rome He had that hap which usually accompanieth the best men to find their Country ingrateful being of excellent parts and of a kingly spirit which he ascribed to himself in Spain when the natives saluted him by and would have had him take upon him the title it self And upon this account he might be hated by Cato who though a virtuous man was morose and sowre Livy joyneth with his in the same year the death of Philopoemen and of Hannibal And Philopoemen General of the Achaeans so that the three great Captains of the World at that time left it desolate as it were by agreement Philopoemen Captain of the Achaeans was through the fall off his Horse taken in an engagement with the Messenians and compelled to drink poyson having done great service for his Countrey Hannibal having notice that the Romans would demand him from Antiochus fled into Crete to the Gortynians Having great treasure with him and knowing himself to be in much danger because of the Avarice of the Cretans he filled many barrels with Lead which covering on the top with Gold he deposited in the Temple of Diana trusting the Gortynians with his wealth Then put he his money into brazen Statues Lege Livium ut supra Corn. Nepot in Hannibale Justin l. 32. Auctorem lib. de viris illustrib wich he was wont to cary about with him and cast them before the gate They then watching the Temple diligently from none so much as him he got away secretly and went to Prusias King of Bithynia who used him in the Warre against Eumenes But T. Quintius being sent to Prusias whether by the Senate on purpose or upon other occasions demanded him as the grand enemy of Rome to be delivered into his hands He had provided in his house several places for issuing out upon such an occasion And Hannibal all three in one year but being beset and no way left to escape he took poyson which it 's said he caried about him in his ring So this renowned Captain ended his life in his 70 year for which thing Quintius was by many hardly thought of and got the esteem of an importune and cruel man as Plutarch writeth 12. After these things Livius l. 40 41. the Ligurians were often defeated by the Consuls and other Commanders many a thousand of them being slain as also of the Celtiberians and other Nations in Spain who were continually rebelling The Istrians beat the Romans out of their camp and put them to the rout Manlius the Consul in vain opposing it Several Nations subued but shortly after they were discomfited by the said Manlius and afterward fully subdued by Claudius the Consul who quelled also the Ligurians as his Collegue Tib. Sempronius Gracchus did the rebellion of Sardinia with the losse of 1500 of the revolters About this time Corsica also was subdued The year following Cornelius one of the Consuls died at the bath at Cumae into whose place C. Valerius Laevinus was elected Petilius Spurinus the other Consul fighting against the Ligurians laboured to take a certain Mountain called Letus concerning which in his speech to his Soldiers he saying that that day he would take Letus Hodie ego Letum utique capiam by rash fighting confirmed what he had said in another sence viz. wherein Lethum signifieth death than he had meant it These actions abroad were shortly after followed by the second Macedonian War or that with Perseus in the 583 year of the City 24 after the Peace made with his Father and seventeen after the conclusion with Antiochus 13. Perseus in a manner succeeded to this War as well as the Kingdom his Father having intended and made great preparations for it The War with Perseus Puffed up by these preparations he sought to draw away the Allies of the Romans from their friendship and abused several of their friends Their Ambassadors he slighted refusing to give them audience which made the Senate resolve upon the War but it was to be committed to one of the following Consuls only for the present Cn. Sicinius the Praetor of the City was commanded to raise men and transport them into Epirus there to seize on the Sea-towns that the Consul might more freely land his Army Some were sent also into Greece to confirm the States in their friendship and alliance who also demanding audience of Perseus after long waiting he renounced the league made with the Romans as entred into at the beginning of his reign meerly for security Hereupon the Ambassadors renounced also the confederacy made with
describe them Matthew alone hath neglected the order of time which is constantly observed by the rest except in the History of John's casting into prison as Luke hath recorded it 63. Jesus having ascended to Jerusalam at the time of the first Passeover cast buyers and sellers out of the Temple wrought miracles Ex Usserio Armachano uti ille ex Richardsono Episcopo Ardachadensi in provincia Armachana and instructed Nicodemus in the mystery of Regeneration and Faith in himself Leaving then Jerusalem he went into Judaea with his Disciples The first Passeover thereof where abiding he baptized by the ministry of them John then baptizing in Aenon for he was not yet cast in prison A certain question arose about purifying betwixt some of John's Disciples and the Jews John instructed now his Disciples concerning Christ the last time as they told him of his acts with some emulation and not long after he was cast into prison for reprehending Herod the Tetrarch his incest with his brother Philip's wife Jesus hearing of his captivity and that the Pharisees took notice that he baptized more by the hands of his Disciples departed out of Judaea where he had remained some eight moneths and came into Galile In his passage through Samarâ—a he discoursed with a woman at a Well near unto the City Sychar the Inhabitants of which by her means he brought to the acknowledgement of himself four moneths before harvest or the Passeover about the middle of the ninth moneth called Ab. Having stayed two dayes at Sychar he proceeded and returned the second time into Galile out of Judaea after his baptism being received with great respect by the Galilaeans who had seen what he did at Jerusalem Preaching in their Synagogues here he also healed at Cana the son of the Noble-man that was sick at Capernaum which was his second miracle in Galile Having wrought miracles at Capernaum he went to Nazareth where he had been brought up and expounding the Prophet Esay concerning himself they first admired and then cast him out and would have thrown him down headlong but he passed away through the midst of them 64. Leaving then Nazareth he taught at Capernaum where they were astonished at his doctrine and cast out an unclean spirit that was first commanded silence Departing out of the Synagogue into the house of Simon and Andrew he cured of a Feaver Simons wive's mother At Sun-set he healed sick folkes brought to him and cast out Divels first put to silence In the morning he went out into a desert place to pray and the multitudes endeavouring to detain him he answered he must also preach in other places and coasting through Galile he preached in their Synagogues and cast out Devils Then taught he the People out of Simon 's ship on the Lake of Genesareth and helped them to a miraculous draught of fishes whereupon Simon Peter Andrew James and John being commanded to follow him he maketh fishers of men Then going through all Galile healing and teaching his fame spred through Syria and multitudes flocked to him In a certain City he healed a Leper which though forbidden yet noised his fame and such companies now followed him that he could not enter the City but taught without in desert places and prayed After a few dayes he returned to Capernaum and teaching in his own house he healed the Paralitick who was let down in a bed and forgave him his sins before the Pharisees Thence going towards the Sea he taught and passing by called Levi or Matthew then sitting at the receit of custom by whom being feasted he defended his disciples against the Pharisees for eating with Publicans and sinners and for not fasting And it came to passe that on the second Sabbath after the first that is on the second Sabbath of the new year instituted after their return out of Aegypt and beginning with the moneth Nisan or Abib Jesus passing through the Corn-fields defended his Disciples who plucked and ate ears of Corn against the Pharisees and explained the Doctrine of the observation of the Sabbath 65. After these things there was a Feast of the Jews that is Joh. 5. the second Passeover of his Ministry and Jesus went up to Jerusalem where on the Sabbath-day he healed one who had layn 38 years diseased at the Pool of Bethesda The second Passeover for which thing and because he had called God his Father the Jews went about to kill him and he opposed against them his most divine apology Departing thence in the Synagogue on another Sabbath he healed a man that had a withered hand for which the Pharisees and Herodians presently sought to kill him Jesus knowing this departed to the Sea where teaching the People he commanded a little Vessel to wait on him because the multitude crouded him In these dayes he spent a whole night in prayer upon a mountain and when it was day made choice of twelve whom he called Apostles Going down into the plain he healed the sick and coming home such was the presse that they could not eat whereupon his friends came to take him supposing he had been besides himself When he had seen the multitude he ascended into the mountain and his Disciples coming to him there he preached his long Sermon first speaking to the Apostles and then to the multitude Having ended all his words in the audience of the People he entred into Capernaum and healed the Centurions servant ready to die The day following he raised from the dead the widdow 's son in the City Naim whence his fame was spread abroad Then sent John his Disciples from prison to him to ask whether he was the man or they must look for another who being departed with an answer Christ took occasion to speak of John and upbraided the Cities aquiescing in the Will of his Father as to the revealing or hiding the things of salvation Then Simon the Pharisee inviting him to dinner a woman that was a sinner washed his feet with her tears which defending against Simon he forgave her her sins And it came to passe afterward that he preached through every City and Village his Diciples being with him and certain women ministring to him amongst which was Joanna the wife of Chusa Herod's Steward Then healed he a man possessed with a dumb and deaf Divel and defended himself against the Pharisees who said that he cast out Divels by Beelzebub Prince of Divels To the Scribes and Pharisees demanding a sign he onely giveth that of Jonas and his mother and brethren asking to speak with him he declareth who are his nearest relations On that day going to the Sea he taught the People from the ship in the Parable of the Sower and others On this same day when it was evening he would they should passe to the further side and having dismissed the multitude when in their passage a great Tempest arose he chiding the winds stilled the Sea and saved his Disciples then in
before the Original of Hiera were first seen amongst the Cyclades Claudius animadverteth upon his wife Messalina 16. Two or three years after this Claudius being certified that his wife Messalina the most unchast of all women had openly married C. Silius Lege Tacit. Annal. l. 11. c. 26. c. he animadverted upon her and her minions About the same time Herod the King of Chalcis dying he bestowed that Kingdom upon Herods Nephew Agrippa the younger for Judaea his father's Kingdom was still governed by Deputies Tiberius Alexander who succeeded Fadus Josephus Antiquit lib. 2. Capp 3 4. Orosius lib. 7. cap. 6. Sueton ut suprà cap. 25. Tacitus Annal. l. 12. c. 1. c. now gave place to Cumanus under whom the Jews being affronted at the Passeover by impudent and sawcy Soldiers mutined but now as ever came to the worst and not long after their Countrey-men that dwelt at Rome were expelled thence by Claudius and under their name as many think the Christians also In the nineteenth year of his reign he married Agrippina his own Neice by his brother Germanicus Marrieth Agrippina his Niece through the perswasion of Pallas his Freedman which woman presently as soon as she perceived her strength procured his daughter Octavia to be given in marriage to Domitius Nero her son by her former husband Cn. Domitius Aenobarbus The maid was formerly contracted to L. Silanus an eminent young man but he accused by Vitellius was put out of his Praetorship and the match was broken betwixt him and the Princesse whereupon he shortly after killed himself And a year after was Claudius perswaded by Pallas to adopt Nero his wive's son though he had a son of his own by name Britanicus but two years younger Pallas was so high flown in favour Felix sent Governour into Samaria that he procured his brother Felix to be sent Governour into Samaria and afterwards got his power extended to Judaea Galile and Peraea where he acted the part of a Tyrant and having married several great Ladies obtained also Drusilla sister to Agrippa The Parthians now again at variance amongst themselves and wearied with the Tyranny of Gatarzes asked a Prince from Rome Claudius sent them Meherdates the son of Vonones Stirs in Parthia and Grandson of Phraates but he was presently betrayed into the hands of Gotarzes At this time also the Britains rebelled 17. Now was P. Ostorius Propraetor there Tacitus Annal. lib. 12. Capp 31 32. c. upon whose first coming the Britains grew confident The Britains rebel as contemning him for his want of experience The Winter being begun they made excursions into the Territories of the Allies of Rome He knowing that the first event would either incourage or amate them set upon and scattered them then went about to disarm all such as he had reason to suspect but the Iceni inhabiting those parts now called Suffolk Norfolk Cambridgshire and Huntingtonshire a strong Nation refusing to submit drew others in to them and pitching upon a very convenient ground gave battel to the Romans who by reason that they despaired of pardon had much ado to overcome them By this foil of the Iceni others before unsetled were contained in obedience and Ostorius led his Army against the Cansi a people living towards the Irish Sea and wasting their grounds had passed on well nigh to the Irish Sea when he was recalled by the discord of the Brigantes people inhabiting the North part of that now called England the Ring-leaders of whom when he had taken off the rebellion was extinguished But the Silures inhabiting Southwales would by no means be either allured or discouraged from waging War trusting to the strength of Caractacus the greatest Prince amongst the Britains who excelling as well in policy as the knowledge of the Countrey transferred the War into the Territories of the Ordovices now Northwales as more convenient for him by reason of the Mountains and Rocks Here he made a speech to his Officers putting them in mind how their Ancestors had repulsed Caesar the Dictator and willing them to behave themselves at this time as the beginning of their liberty or eternal slavery Are reduced Till they came to strokes the Romans had the worst of it but afterwards breaking into the Rampires they easily routed the Britains and got a great victory wherein the wife and daughter of Caractacus being taken his brethren yielded themselves 18. Caractacus committing himself into the hands of Cartismunda Idem ibid. cap. 36. c. Queen of the Brigantes Caractacus betrayed is carried to Rome was treacherously bound and delivered up to the Conquerours in the ninth year of the War wherein he had got himself an exceeding great name Being carried to Rome the people was called together as to some famous show and the Praetorian bands were placed along for the reception of him The prayers of the rest were by reason of fear base and nothing savouring of Nobility but Caractacus neither hanging down his head nor craving any mercy when he stood before the Emperour's Tribunal spake to this purpose If my moderation in prosperity had been as great as my Nobility and Fortune I had come rather as a friend into this Citie than a Captive neither would you have disdained to receive me with Covenants of peace being a Prince descended of Noble Progenitors and a Commander over many Nations His speech to the Emperour My present state is as to me dishonourable so to you magnificent I have had horses men armour and wealth What marvel if against my will I have lost them all For if you will rule over all men it followeth that all men must abide servitude If presently I had yielded and been delivered into your hands neither had my Fortune nor your glory been very remarkable and oblivion would have followed my punishment But if you save me alive I shall be an example of your clemency for ever He is pardoned 19. Upon those words Caesar pardoned him his wife and brethren And they being all unbound did their reverence likewise unto Agrippina who sat aloft not far off in an high seat to be seen giving her the like praises and in the same degrees of stile as they did the Emperour himself Surely a strange precedent without any example saith the Historian that a woman should sit and command the Roman Ensigns But she carried her self as a fellow and associate in the Empire gotten by her Progenitors After this the Senate was called together and the Fathers made long and glorious discourses as touching the Captivity of Caractacus Neither was this lesse honourable as they affirmed than when Pub. Scipio shewed Siphax L. Paulus Perses or whosoever else exhibited Conquered Kings to the view of the People As for Ostorius it was decreed he should be honoured with triumphal Ornaments But his Fortune soon changed either for that he grew secure upon the Captivity of so considerable a