Selected quad for the lemma: woman_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
woman_n	brother_n	daughter_n	omit_v	1,615	5	15.0636	5	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07834	An itinerary vvritten by Fynes Moryson Gent. First in the Latine tongue, and then translated by him into English: containing his ten yeeres trauell through the tvvelue dominions of Germany, Bohmerland, Sweitzerland, Netherland, Denmarke, Poland, Jtaly, Turky, France, England, Scotland, and Ireland. Diuided into III parts. The I. part. Containeth a iournall through all the said twelue dominions: shewing particularly the number of miles, the soyle of the country, the situation of cities, the descriptions of them, with all monuments in each place worth the seeing, as also the rates of hiring coaches or horses from place to place, with each daies expences for diet, horse-meate, and the like. The II. part. Containeth the rebellion of Hugh, Earle of Tyrone, and the appeasing thereof: written also in forme of a iournall. The III. part. Containeth a discourse vpon seuerall heads, through all the said seuerall dominions.	Moryson, Fynes, 1566-1630.	1617 (1617)	STC 18205; ESTC S115249	1,351,375	915

the English and Saint Dauids Ilands right ouer against the seate of the Bishop of Saint Dauy. Next is the 10 Iland called Enhly by the Welsh Britans and Berdsey as the I le of Birds by the English wherein they report that twenty thousand Saints lie buried Next lies 11 Mona that is the shadowed or dusky Iland which after many yeeres being conquered by the English was by them called Anglesey as the Iland of the English It is a most noble Iland the old seate of the Druides Priests so called of old and so fruitfull as it is vulgarly called the Mother of Wales the cheefe Towne whereof is Beaumarish Neere that lies 12 Prestholme that is the Priests Iland whereof the Inhabitants and Neighbours make incredible reports for the multitude of Sea Fowle there breeding Next followes 13 Mona or Monoeda as the farther Mona which we call the I le of Man the Inhabitants whereof are like the Irish in language and manners but haue something of the Norway men It yeeldes abundantly Flaxe and Hempe hath pleasant Pastures and Groues and is fruitfull of Barly Wheate and especially of Oates the people feeding on Oaten bread in all parts are multitudes of Cattle but it wants wood and for fier vseth a kind of Turffe Russia which of the Castle we call Castle-Towne is the cheefe Towne and hath a Garrison of Souldiers but Duglas is the most frequented and best inhabited Towne because it hath an excellent Hauen easie to be entered In the Westerne part Bala-curi is the seate of the Bishop vnder the primacy of the Archbishop of Yorke and there is the Fort called the Pyle wherein a garrison of Souldiers is kept Vpon the Southerne Promontory lies a little Iland called the Calfe of Man which aboundeth with Sea Birds called Puffins and a kind of Duckes engendered of rotten wood which the English call Barnacles In generall the Inhabitants haue their proper Tongue and Lawes and had their proper Coyne They abhorre from stealing and from begging and are wonderfully religious generally and most readily conforming themselues at this day to the Church of England and the people in the Northerne part speake like Scots and in the Southerne part like Irish. Edwin King of Northumberland subdued the Northerne people and subiected them to the Crowne of England yet with many changes of Fortune this Iland long had their owne Kings euen since the Normans conquered England and since the time that Iohn King of England passing into Ireland by the way subdued this Iland about the yeere 1210 till the Kingdome came to the Scots in the yeere 1266. After that time Mary the daughter of Reginald the last laid claime to the Iland before the King of England as supreme Lord of Scotland and when sheecould not preuaile William Montague her Kinseman tooke the Iland of Man by force which his Heire sold for a great summe of money in the yeere 1393 to William Scroope who being beheaded for Treason the Iland fell by right to Henry the fourth King of England who assigned the same to Henry Pearcy Earle of Northumberland with prouiso that he and his Heires at the coronation of the Kings of England should carry the Sword vulgarly called Lancaster Sword before the King but the same Persey being also killed in ciuill warre the King gaue that Iland to Stanlye from whom discend the Earles of Darby who kept the same till Ferdinand Earle of Darby dying without heire male and the Earledome falling to his Brother but this Iland to his Daughters as Heires generall Queene Elizabeth thinking it vnfit that Women should bee set ouer her Souldiers there in garrison gaue the keeping thereof to Sir Thomas Gerrard But King Iames the foureteenth of August in the fifth yeere of his Raigne granted by Letters Pattents this Iland with all things thereunto appertaining to Henry Earle of Northampton and Robert Earle of Saltsbury their Heires and Assignes for euer they vpon doing homage for the same presenting his Maiesty with two Falcons and his Heires and Successours at their Coronation in like sort with two Falcons And howsoeuer no vse or intent of this grant be mentioned in these Letters Pattents yet no doubt the grant was made to the vse of those vpon whose humble petition to his Maiesty the Letters Pattents were granted as therein is expressely declared namely of William Lord Stanly Earle of Darby heire male to Iohn Lord Stanly and of Elizabeth Countesse of Huntington Anne wife to the Lord Chandois and Francis wife to Sir Iohn Egerton Knight being the Heires generall of the said Iohn Lord Stanly The famous Riuer Thames fals into the German Ocean ouer against Zeland and before it fals into the same makes the 14 Iland Canuey vpon the Coast of Essex so low as it is often ouerflowed all but some higher hils to which the sheepe retire being some foure thousand in number the flesh whereof is of delicate taste and they are milked by young men Neere that is the 15 Iland Sheppey so called of the sheepe wherein is Quinborrough a most faire Castle kept by a Constable Without the mouth of Thames lie the shelfes or sands dangerous to Sea men which of the greatest are all called Goodwin sands where they say an Iland the patrimony of the same Earle Goodwinn was deuoured by the Sea in the yeere 1097. In the Britan Sea lies the 16 I le of Wight hauing in the Sea most plentifull fishing and the Land being so fruitfull as they export Corne besides that in all parts it hath plenty of Conies Hares Partridges and Feasanes and hath also two Parkes of Fallow Deare Also the sheepe feeding there vpon the pleasant hils yeeld wool in goodnesse next to the Fleeces of Lemster and Cotswold Flockes It hath sixe and thirty Townes and Castles and the Ecclesiasticall Iurisdiction thereof belongs to the Bishop of Wintchester Towards the West lie other Ilands pretented to be French but subiect to England namely 17 Gerzey whither condemned men were of old banished 18 Garnsey neither so great nor so fruitful but hauing a more commodious Hauen vpon which lies the Towne of Saint Peter both Ilands burne a weede of the Sea or Sea coales brought out of England and both speake the French Language I omit the seuen Iles called Siadae and others adioyning and will onely adde that the Ilands lie neere Cornewall which the Greekes called Hesperides the English call Silly and the Netherlanders call Sorlings being in number some 145 more or lesse whereof some yeeld Wheate all abound with Conies Cranes Swannes Hirnshawes and other Sea Birdes The greatest of them is called Saint Mary and hath a Castle wherein Souldiers lie in Garrison committed in our time to the keeping of Sir Francis Godolphin and after to his sonne Sir William Godolphin being of a noble Family in Cornewall Also many of the said Ilands haue vaines of Tynne and from hence was Leade first carried into Greece and the Roman Emperours banished condemned men hither to

of Misen Nauberg and Mersberg though the Emperor and the Gentlemen of those parts in a Prouinciall meeting were instant to haue three Bishops chosen and the Emperour desired that dignity for one of his brothers The same three Princes yet being vnder age I did see coynes of Gold and Siluer bearing the images of all three but when they came to age the Electorship and the Inheritance belonging to it fell to the eldest sonne the younger retaining the said Bishopricks for life and their part of other lands that might bee diuided for inheritance to them and their children The Fees of Princes are giuen by the Emperour and the Fees of many Gentlemen and of some Earles are giuen by Princes but I returne to the Lawes of Succession By the Ciuil law they that disscend of the right line haue the first place in succession al which without respect of sex or fatherly power do succeede equally the sons by the Pole the nephewes to their part namely to the part which their father should haue had if he had been then liuing so as it seemes that fower or more nephewes the sons of a third brother dead diuiding with two brothers liuing all the nephewes shall only haue a third part belonging to their father being dead and each of the two liuing brothers shall haue another third part The Law of Saxony changeth nothing touching the persons but differs in the succession of goods For the daughters shall by priuiledge haue their mothers apparrell and other ornaments with all vtensiles or household stuffe so as they shall be valued to them in their due parts And the niece borne of one of the sisters being dead hath the same right with the other sisters for her mothers part but none can haue these vtensiles saue the women on the mothers side vulgarly called Spieimagen for the brothers daughter hath no right to them And I haue heard of learned men that these vtensiles cannot bee alienated by the last testament namely vessels of brasse but not of pewter linnen beds excepting the heires of Inne-keepers whose chiefe wealth commonly consists in such furniture also sheep geese iewels of gold and like ornaments of the mother excepting the seale ring of gold and pearles and other iewels which men vse to weare as well as women By a Law made in the Dukedome of Meckelburg because the women in the yeere 1388 redeemed theeir captiue Prince wirh their Iewels many priuiledges of succession are granted to women By the Law of Saxony as the vtensiles belong to the daughters so besides the decree of the Ciuill Law in the Knightly Order all goods of expedition as Armes and the like belong to the sonnes and the sword is alwaies giuen to the eldest sonne But these things are not obserued among those of common or plebean ranck except custome haue made them as Law so as the Daughters by custome haue the vtensiles and the eldest sonne haue the chiefe horse for the plough I haue formerly said that by the Law of Saxony the nephew is excluded from succeeding in a Fee with his vncle on the fathers side that is his fathers brother but that in our daies the nephew is admitted according to the Ciuill law I haue said that in the succession of moueable goods the sonnes succeede the father by the Pole but the nephewes or sonnes of another sonne deceased succeede their Grand-father onely in the part belonging to their father I haue said that the Law of Saxony changeth nothing touching the persons but only differs in the succession to some goods as the vtensiles Now I adde further that the nephewes succession and equall diuision with his fathers brothers is decreed by an Imperiall Law abrogating all contrary customes By the Ciuill Law brothers on both sides and together with them the children of their dead brothers and sisters are then first called to inheritance when the deceased hath no heires in the right line discending or ascending but without any respect to the Imperiallisaid Law as speaking of custome not written Law or to the last Ciuill Law the Law of Saxony decrees and of old custome it is obserued among the Saxons that in the succession of Collaterals the liuing brother excludes the children of his dead brother I say in freehold not in fee and the brother on both sides excludes the brother on the one side onely in the third degree and the brother on both sides excludes the children of his dead brother in the third degree But I haue obserued that this law is thus practised among the Saxons as imagining there be three brothers Thomas Iohn and Andrew and it happening that Thomas first dies leauing a sonne and then Iohn dies vnmarried or without issue the goods of Iohn at his death shall not fall to the sonne of Thomas his eldest brother but to his brother Andrew yet liuing and Andrew dying last as well his owne as his brother Iohns goods fall to his owne sonne but if he haue no sonne then they fall to the sonne of Thomas And againe putting the case that Thomas and Iohn are both dead and each of them hath left a sonne or sonnes if Andrew die without a sonne the sonne of Thomas succeedes him without any respect to the sonne of Iohn By the Ciuill law the vncle of the deceased by the fathers side is not onely excluded by the brother of the deceased but also by the brothers children but by the Law of Saxony since the right of representation simply hath no place and these persons are in the same degree namely in the third degree they are called together to the inheritance yet the Scabines or Iudges of Leipzig haue pronounced the contrary to this iudgement of the Iudges in the highest Court of the Duke of Saxony rather following the Ciuill Law which preferres the brothers sonne before the vncle on the fathers side By the Ciuill Law in the successions of Collaterals the brothers of both sides are for a double bond preferred to the brothers by one parent only so as the priuiledge be not extended to things in Fee but to things in free-hold because in Fees the bond on the mothers side is not regarded By the Law of Saxony a brother on both sides excludes a brother by one parent as nearer by one degree By the Ciuill law Bastards are admitted to the inheritance of the mother and the brother lawfully begotten is called to the inheritance of a dead bastard brother by the said mother but by the Law of Saxony as a bastard cannot bee admitted to inherit with one lawfully begotten so he that is lawfully begotten cannot succeede a bastard that is not legitimated and by the law of Saxony a mother hauing a bastard daughter and dying without any other child cannot leaue her vtensile goods to that daughter Yet in all cases concerning bastards the Iudges leaue the law of Saxony as vnequall and iudge after the Ciuill law so as in Saxony bastards both succeed and are

of her husband or shee any way gained to their children at her death whether shee gaue them to her husband in time of his life or no for it is alwayes presumed that shee got these things out of her husbands goods And if in any place there be no custome to determine this then the widow besides her fourth or equall part hath also the vtensile goods And in case the husband leaue no children then the widow hath her choise whether shee will receiue the third part or renouncing the same will retain vtensile goods and all other her owne goods mouable or vnmouable together with her dowry But if the husband leaue children the widow hath not this choise but must renounce all the rest and sticke to her third part And by custome of the Country her dowry and gift for mariage is doubled so as shee that brought one thousand guldens for her dowry shall haue two thousand guldens in the diuision of her husbands inheritance And the right which married parties by statute haue in one anothers goods cannot be taken from them by last Will and Testament Discoursing with men of experience I heard that the widowes of Princes whiles they remaine widowes possesse all their husbands estate excepting the Electorships which the next kinsman by the Fathers side administers by his right during the minority of the sonne and inioy also the tutorage of their children but if they marry againe the country frees it selfe from them with giuing them a tun of gold for Dowry And that the Daughters of Princes haue Dowries frō the subiects by subsidies collected vse to sweare before the Chancellor that their husbands being dead or vpon any accident whatsoeuer they will not retourne to burthen the Country That the Daughters of Gentlemen neuer marry to any of inferior degree then Gentlmen which is constantly kept by both sexes and are commonly bestowed with a small Dowry and since by the Law they cannot succeed in fees haue at the parents death only a part of their mouable goods with the vtensils proper to them and one sister dying her portion goes not to the brothers or their children as also the married Sister dying and leauing no Daughter her portion goes not to her own sons except liuing in health she bequeathed it to them in her Testament but to the Neece on the Mothers side Lastly that in case the goods of a dead woman are neither giuen by her last Testament nor any Kinswomen to her on the Mothers side can bee found her goods goe not to her owne Sonnes or male-Kinsmen but are confilcated to the Prince or in free Cities to the Common-wealth It is said that the Roman Emperor Caracalla was wont to say that only that Nation knew how to rule their wiues which added the feminine article to the Sunne and the masculine to the Moone as the Germans doe saying Die Sonn 〈◊〉 der Mont. And no doubt the Germans are very churlish to their wiues and keep them seruily at home so as my selfe in Saxony haue seene many wiues of honest condition and good estate to dresse meat in the kitchen and scarce once in the weeke to eate with their husbands but apart with the maides and after the meale to come and take away their husbands table and if they came to sit with him at table yet to sit downe at the lower end at least vnder all the men My selfe haue seene husbands of like quality to chide their wiues bitterly till they wept abundantly and the same wiues of good ranke very soone after to bring a chaire to the husband and serue him with a trencher and other necessaries The men being inuited to friends houses or any solemne feasts neuer goe in company with their wiues who goe alone with their faces couered It is no nouelty for a husband to giue a box on the eare to his wife And they scoffe at the Law in Nurnberg wich fines the husband three or foure Dollers for striking his wife as a most vniust Law It is ridiculous to see the wiues of German foote-soldiers going to the warre laded with burthens like she-Asses while the men carry not so much as their own clokes but cast them also vpon the womens shoulders And I should hardly beleeue that the Germans can loue their wiues since loue is gained by louelinesse as the Poet saith vt ameris amabilis esto He that for loue doth thirst Let him be louing first But they while they commaund all things imperiously in the meane time neither for dulnes court them with any pleasant speech nor in curtesie grace them in publike so much as with a kisse It is a common saying Dotem accepi Imperium vendidi I tooke a Dowry with my Wife And lost the freedome of my life But howsoeuer the Germans haue great Dowries in marriage and their Wiues haue power to make a Testament for disposing their goods with many like priuiledges and howsoeuer they be also prouoked with these iniuries yet the men keep them within termes of duty May not we then iustly maruell that Englishmen hauing great power ouer their Wiues so as they can neither giue any thing in life nor haue power to make a will at death nor can call any thing their owne no not so much is their garters yea the Law I must confesse too seuerely permitting the Husband in some cases to beate his Wife and yet the Husbands notwithstanding all their priuiledges vsing their Wiues with all respect and giuing them the cheefe seates with all honours and preheminences so as for the most part they would carry burthens goe on foote fast and suffer any thing so their Wiues might haue ease ride feast and suffer nothing notwithstanding no people in the World that euer I did see beare more scornes indignities and iniuries from the pampered sort of Women then they doe Surely either these our Women want the modesty of the Wiues or else our Men haue not I will not say the seuerity which I lesse approue but rather the grauity and constancy of the Husbands in Germany But while the Germans thus vse their Wiues like Seruants they behaue themselues as Companions towards their Seruants who bring in meate to the Table with their heads couered and continually talke with their Masters without any reuerence of the cap or like duty The Germans are neither too indulgent nor too sterne to their sonnes and daughters yet they giue them no tender education but as they bring their children naked into the hot stoaues so they expose them naked to frost and snow Neither doe they exact any humility or respect from their children who in all places are familiar with their Parents neuer stir their hats when they speak to them when they goe to bed they aske not blessing on their knees as our children doe but shake hands with them which is a signe of familiarity among friends in Germany as in most other places A Gentleman

Hill and a Hill to a Mount Many doe falsely thinke that it had the name of such vessels in which tribute was brought to Rome and then the vessels were broken here Of old eight bridges were built ouer Tyber among which is reckoned Pons Miluius vulgarly Ponte Mole without the gate IIII Delpopolo more then a mile distant from Rome and neere this bridge Constantine the Great vnder the signe of the Crosse did ouercome the tyrant Maxentius Also this bridge was famous for the night lusts of Nero The second bridge is called XXXV di Castel ' Sant ' Angelo and it was of old called Elius of the Emperour Elius Adrianus who built it but Pope Nicholas the fifth built it as now it stands and set vpon it the Image of Saint Peter with his keyes and of Saint Paul with his sword The third bridge is called XXXVI Vaticanus as leading to that Mount and was also of old called Triumphalis of the Triumphes passing vpon it and it was not lawfull for the Countrey people to enter that way but at this day onely the ruines thereof are seene The fourth bridge is called XXXVII Ponte-Sisto of Pope Sixtus the fourth who repaired it It was of old called Ianiculonsis of that Mount and Aurelius of the way of that name and it was built of marble by Antoninus Pius and after being decaied was long called Ponte Rotto that is the broken bridge till the said Pope repaired it in the yeere 1475. and it is two hundred and fifteene foote broad and is built vpon three Arches of stone The fifth bridge ioining Rome and the Iland and next to the Capitolium is called XXXVIII Ponte at quattro Capt and was of old called Tarpeius of the Rocke Tarpcia which is in the Mount Capitolino and was called Fabricius of the repairer and it is seuenty foot long and hath but one Arch of stone The sixth bridge of a Church neere it is called XXXIX di S. Maria AEgittiaca and was of old called Scnatorim and Palatinus and it is somewhat longer then the bridge Sisto The seuenth bridge of a Church neere it is called XL di S. Bartolomeo and it is opposite to the fifth bridge and ioineth the Iland with that part of Rome called Trasteuere and of old it was called Psquilinus and Cestius and it is sixty foot long hauing but one Arch of stone The eight bridge at the foot of the Mount Auentine was of old called XLI Sublicius because it was built of wood in the warre with the Tuscanes that it might be more easily broken and repaired And we read that the Tuscanes being Victors had taken Rome if Horatius Cocles had not defended the bridge till it was broken downe behind him which done he saued himselfe by swimming After that Emilius Lepidus built this bridge of stone and called it Emilius and when it was broken with floods first the Emperour Tyberius repaired it and then Antoninus Pius built it very high of marble condemned men were cast from it into the water This bridge being the first that was built ouer Tyber now is not to be seene by any ruines Rome by the great power of the Emperours and since of the Popes hath beene long most famous and was first built in Latium vpon Tyber fifteene miles from the Tyrrhene sea as the Greekes write by Ascanius Eurilantes Romulus and Remus Nephewes to AEneas or as other Greekes write by the Achiui or as other Greekes write by the sonnes of Roma a woman of Troy married to the Latine King of the Aborigenes which sonnes were Romulus and Remus or as Xenagoras writes by the sonne of Vlisses by Circe to omit many other opinions of the Greekes The Latine Historians doe no lesse vary Some say it was built by the sonnes of AEneas namely Romulus and Remus Others say that Ascanius built Alba and Remus built Capua and Romulus built Ianiculum after called Rome But I omit these diuers opinions and will follow Leander the Fryar who saith that Rome the daughter of the King in Italy built Rome the same yeere that Moses was borne And when the City had beene long forsaken for the vnwholsome ayre of the Fennes adioining that Euander comming from Arcadia into Italy seated himselfe vpon the Mount Palatine and built a City called Palantium of his City in Arcadia and he being dead that Hercules comming with an Army left some of his consorts here who built vpon the Mount of Saturnius after called Capitolinus Before the destruction of Troy for the vnwholsome aire Rome being againe forsaken that the Albani began to dwell there in Cottages and seed their flockes there For by the continuall ouer flowings of Tyber the field was made fenny and the aire vnwholsome but Historians write that vpon sacrifices made to God Vertuno these Fennes by little and little were dried vp Hee adde that Amulius tooke the Kingdome of the Albani from his brother Numiter whose daughter Rhea a Vestall Virgin being great with child by Amulius Mars or any other brought forth Romulus and Remus and Amulius left them by Tyber to perish in the waters but a shee wolfe sed them and after Faustulus ouerseer of al the flocks and cattell of Amulius tooke them home who comming to ripe yeeres killed Amulius and restored their Grand-father Numitor to his Kingdome but themselues being desirous to build a City vpon the Mount Palatine at the foote whereof they had been cast out Romulus drew with a plow the circuit of the Citie of a quadrangular forme in the 430. yeere after the destruction of Troy and in the yeere of the World 3211. He gaue Mount Celius to be inhabited by Celius King of Toseany aiding him against the Sabines and then taking by force the Sabine weomen and they making peace betweene them he gaue to Tatius and his Sabines for their dwelling the Mountaines Capitolinus and Quirinalis and to his brother Remus the Mount Auentinus and kept for himselfe and his men the Mountaines Palatinus and Esquilinus till the rest being dead himselfe alone became Lord of all The seuen rockes were of old called seuen hils hauing a pleasant plaine betweene them and Tyber and this circuit is in forme of a bent bowe the Tyber standing for the string Romu'us made the City foure square but he being dead Ancus Martius inclosed the Mount Ianiculus beyond Tyber and Seruius inclosed other Mounts on this side of the Tyber Six Kings raigned two hundred forty three yeeres in Rome and Torquine being banished it became a popular State wherein Consuls yeerely chosen did gouerne and eight hundred eighty seuen Consuls in foure hundred sixty foure yeeres by forty three battels obtained the Empire almost of the whole world In the meane time the Decemuiri that is tenne men ruled for two yeeres and the Tribunes for Military affaires hauing Consular power ruled forty three yeeres and in the time of any difficult warre a Dictator was chosen who with absolute power ruled till that businesse was ended

by reason our Companies were very deficient in the numbers of the List hauing not been supplied out of England of a long time and because this noble dealing with the Spaniards in the Castle might induce those in Kinsale to leaue the Towne vpon like composition when they felt the misery whereunto wee hoped ere long to bring them About one hower of the day the Alfiero sent word to the Lord President by that time returned that he would quit all their Armes and render the place so as they might be suffered thus vnarmed to goe into Kinsale which being refused hee intreated that himselfe alone might hold his Armes and bee put into Kinsale which being also refused he resolutely resolued to burie himselfe in the Castle His Company seeing him desperately bent not to yeeld did threaten to cast him out of the breach so as they might be receiued to mercy So as at last he consented to yeeld and that all his people should be disarmed in the Castle which was committed to Captaine Roger Haruy then Captaine of the Guards to see it done that the Alfiero himself should weare his sword till hee came to the Lord President to whom he should render it vp And this being done they were all brought prisoners into the Campe and immediatly sent from thence to Corke The Spanish thus yeelded were in number fourescore and sixe and foure women whose names I haue but omit them for breultie besides a great multitude of Irish Churles Women and Children but not any Swordmen for those being skilfull in the waies had all escaped one Dermot Mac Carty only excepted who was a Pensioner to the King of Spaine and heretofore a follower to Florence Mac Carty Also some thirtie Spaniards had been slaine in the defence of this Castle which was now yeelded to vs those in Kinsale not making one shot at our men the while but standing as men amased The second of Nouember finding how much we had to doe in taking Rincorran Castle with our weake prouisions it was concluded that all attempts against Kinsale Towne were in vaine till wee were better furnished for such a businesse which notwithstanding we made daily countenance to take in hand This day we drew our Ordinance from the Castle into our Camps The third day of Nouember the Spanish Serieant Maior in Britauny taken in a skirmish and the Alfero yeelding at Rincorran obtained licence to write to Don Iean de l' Aguyla and one of our Drums had licence to carry their letters who staied in the towne all the following night And this day his Lordship receiued letters of supplies sent out of England whereupon he wrote to the Counsell at Dublin and to Sir Arthur Chichester to make stay of certaine Companies which lately hee had directed to bee brought out of the North and the Pale to the Campe at Kinsale Touching the said supplies her Maiestie writ to the Lord Deputie this letter following Elizabeth Regina RIght trusty and well beloued Wee greet you well Vpon such aduertisements as Wee haue receiued from diuers places of a Fleete dispatched from Spaine with a good number of men of warre to bee landed in that Our Realme in assistance of Our Rebcls there We haue thought good to send from hence some further forces for increase of Our Army there to enable you the better to make head against them if they shall fortune to land Wherefore We haue caused to be leauied here the number of two thousand men and appointed them to be embarked by the twentieth day of this moneth of October aboue the other two thousand lately sent vnto you For this two thousand now leauied because We cannot certainely iudge here whether you shall finde most commodious for Our seruice either to vse them for the filling vp of decaied Bands there or to retaine them in Companies or to employ some of them for filling vp the decares of other Companies and to retaine other some in Bands We haue thought good to leaue the disposition of them to your discretion with the aduice of our Councell and onely to authorize you hereby that forasmuch as any part of them which you shall retaine in seuerall Bands will be aboue the number of Our Establishment for the payment whereof neither you nor Our Treasurer haue any warrant that you may giue warrantto Our Treasurer for the paiment of the whole or any part of the said two thousand which you shall find necessarie to retaine in Our pay in Bands seuerall aboue the number of Our Establishment or any other former Warrant limited the said paiment to be made in lending and apparrell as other Our souldiers there are paied and to begin from the day of their landing there Since the writing of thus much to you concerning the two thousand preparing Wee haue receiued aduertisements of the landing of the Spaniards at Kinsale whereupon we haue added a further supplie of three thousand men more to be sent to you And for that it may be We shall haue cause to increase or alter the numbers of Our Armie as Our seruice shall require We doe therefore giue you warrant to giue order from time to time for the paiment of all such numbers of men there either horse or foote aboue the number limited by Our Establishment as you shall bee from Our priuy Councell here or sixe of them whereof our Treasurer of England and Our principall Secretarie to be two authorized to retaine in Our pay as Our seruice shall require Giuen vnder Our Signet at Our Mannor of Richmond the fourth day of October in the fortie thee yeere of Our Raigne Postscript Of al these numbers two thousand shal be imbarked in Our own ships by the fourteenth of this October at Rochester because they shal be secured in their transportation Two thousand more shall bee sent by the twentieth of this moneth to Bristow and Barstable and the fifth odde thousand shall be sent to Loughsoyles so as Out leauie is now in all fiue thousand men The same day his Lordship receiued another letter from the Queene of her owne hand and signed below not aboue as the vsually signed as followeth SInce the braine-sicke humour of vnaduised assault hath seized on the hearts of Out causelesse foes We doubt not but their gaine will be their baine and glory their shame that euer they had the thought thereof And that your humour agrees so fightly with Ours Wee thinke it most fortunately happened in your Rule to shew the better whose you are and what you be as your owne hand writ hath told Vs of late and doe beseech the Almightie power of the Highest so to guide your hands that nothing light in vaine but to prosper your heede that nothing be left behind that might auaile your praise and that your selfe in venturing too farre make not the foe a prey of you Tell Our Army from Vs that they make full account that euery hundred of them will beate a thousand and euery thousand

still reiect him and published it that her Maiesty had commanded me not to hearken vnto him yet still he continued to vrge me to become a suter to the Queene for him It is true I haue been euer loth to negotiate with him any otherwise then with my sword because I find it dangerous for my selfe considering the Queenes resolution but vpon the receit of my Lord Presidents letter of a new Spanish inuasion I aduentured thus sarre to entertaine his motions that if he would sweare to submit himselfe absolutely to her Maiesties mercy if it should please her to receiue him whatsoeuer succour he should receiue in the meane time I would onely vndertake to become an humble sutor vnto her Maiestie for him so that notwithstanding till I knew her pleasure I would not desist in my prosecution This day he sent one to me agreeing to so much but with all propounding certaine Articles that he desired should bee granted whereupon misliking that he should in any wise capitulate I commanded his messenger presently to depart and forbad him to send any more to me and to cut off all hope to his party I haue directed all the Garrisons anew to proclame his head and the like to be done in the Creaghtes of such as are become subiects In the meane time N. N. out of his owne head and by that general authorie that is giuen to al Commanders to parley with Rebels hath spoken with Tyrone to the effect of his owne letter which euen now I receiued and such as it is I send it you I protest before the eternall God it was without my priuitie but I must beare with him for greater faults then this for he and all the Irish are very irregular though he be fit enough for the charge I haue giuen him which is onely of Irish Companies in a Garrison which of all other I can worst victuall and they will make best shift for themselues and greatest spoile vpon the enemy I haue commanded him to meddle no more with Tyrone for if I should thinke it fit I would imploy one better instructed for that purpose It is true Sir that for many respects I haue been fearefull to deliuer freely my opinion what course I thinke fit to be taken with Tyrone and so am I now but if it shall please her Maiestie to trust me with the authoritie to hearken vnto him I would neuer vse it but when I should bee sure to giue her a very good account of my proceedings therein for the lower he is brought the more it will be for the Queenes honour to shew him mercie and it is thought he might bee made an excellent instrument if Spaine continue their purposes for this Kingdome If the Queene bee resolued neuer to receiue him it is most necessary that Vlster should presently be made a Prouinciall Gouernement for this people seeme to thirst for iustice and by that meanes the dependancy vpon the Oneales will be soone extinguished If the Queene be loth to augment her charge I thinke it were much better that the institution of Connaght were discontinued and the like Officers to be transferred hither It is true that in all Ireland for the good of the generall seruice there is no place so fit for the Deputy to be resident as at Athlone and if he were there Connaght would little neede a Gouernour I haue here but little time and much 〈◊〉 and therefore I cannot write to you of all things so largely as I would the which I purpose to doe when I come to Dublyn onely of this I pray you Sir resolue me by your next We haue here the worst intelligence of any Instruments that any Prince in Christendome doth imploy in so waighty a businesse I doe know some that I doe thinke were fit to be imploied both in Spaine and about the Traitor here yet though I know my selfe to be honest they may proue knaues If the Queene be so confident of my faith that shee will be pleased to make the best interpretations of what I shall doe therein I should be able to doe her perchance some good seruice and giue my selfe greater light of all things then now I haue but if shee mislike it I will onely say about me with my Sword though it be in the darke It is not a Letter nor a reasonable Booke that can deliuer all such conceipts of mine as I thinke necessary to let you know of this Kingdome wherefore I dispaire to doe it till I may haue the happinesse to see you If I had any certainety that the feare of Spaine were past I would make a great diminution of the Lyst wherefore I pray you Sir if you haue in England any assurance thereof let me know it as soone as you can but here we looke for them euery hower and they say in the Pale it is held as sure as if they were already come If you shew the inclosed Letter I pray you put your finger on the latter part or blot it out and yet if I thought the Queene would not bee angry I would giue the Lady leaue to come to her Brother for I am loth to make warre with Weomen especially since shee is now great with child The same twelfth day of September his Lordship wrote from the Newry to Sir Oliuer Lambert Gouernour of Connaght this following letter SIr yesterday at my comming to this Towne your messenger deliuered mee your letters containing a relation of your proceedings since your going to the Abby of Boyle where and in your returne thence I perceiue you haue had some knocking on both sides and the Rebels being so many as you note I haue good cause to bee glad you sped so wel and parted with so good reputation to our side and so little losse withall which I doubt not proceeded chiefely from your good command and managing of that businesse for which I may not omit to yeeld you many thankes neither will I be sparing to testifie so much where it may most redound to your due and well deserued commendation Yet must I withall note that it somewhat grieues me to obserue so great an alteration in those that of late seemed desirous or at least not vnwilling to receiue her Maiesties mercy for that I haue some reason to bee doubtfull that this sudden change proceedeth not altogether out of a certaine expectation of Spanish succours but out of some opinion they haue conceiued of a purpose you haue to dispossesse the principall men of their lands and liuings and to get the same into her Maiesties hands by indictments and Offices to be found thereof and if they once entertaine such a conceit they will assuredly put vp all to any hazard and to their vttermost means shun to be reclamed which I must acknowledge to you I do the rather doubt in that Tybot ne long hath grieuously complained to me of the committall of his Cosen Dauye Bourke and some hard vsage towards himselfe for which he seemes