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A46234 An history of the wonderful things of nature set forth in ten severall classes wherein are contained I. The wonders of the heavens, II. Of the elements, III. Of meteors, IV. Of minerals, V. Of plants, VI. Of birds, VII. Of four-footed beasts, VIII. Of insects, and things wanting blood, IX. Of fishes, X. Of man / written by Johannes Jonstonus, and now rendred into English by a person of quality.; Thaumatographia naturalis. English Jonstonus, Joannes, 1603-1675.; Libavius, Andreas, d. 1616.; Rowland, John, M.D. 1657 (1657) Wing J1017; ESTC R1444 350,728 372

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that voided them by their Teats A woman of Trent voided them by her Navel and which is wonderfull a Nun voided them every month by her little finger and ring finger of her left hand Ludovic Mercat l. 1. c. 7. de Mulierib affect All have not this flux uniforme Those that are of a good habit have them twice a yeare without hurt and some not so much as once And Hortensius saith they have them before they conceive Institut medic l. 1. c. 28. They that are born from Mothers that were long before they had their Terms are commonly sickly So it was with Francis the 2 d. King of France who never had a s●otty nose and seldom spit but a great deal of filthy excrements came towards his eare and purged his brain that way and at last the corruption grew Mortall Thuan. l. 23. Histor. And Pliny affirms that there is a venemous quality in it For l. 7. c. 15. l. 19. c. 1. he writes thus You shall not easily find any thing that is more monstrous than the terms of women new Wine will grow sowre by them Corn will wither by touching them plants will dye the buds of Trees will be burnt by them and fall Looking-glasses grow dark by their very looks The edge of Steel and the brightnesse of Ivory is mad blunt swarms of Bees dye Brasse and Iron will presently rust and a stinking smell corrupts the ayre Dogs run mad that tast them and bite deadly with venome incurable Also it is reported that the Ant the smallest creature is sensible of this and will not eat the Corn hath touched them not come there any more Milk hath been somtimes found in Mens brests For Cardan de subtil testifies that Antonius Benzus being 34 yeares old pale and with a thin beard fat of body had as much Milk in his brests as would suckle a Child They that have seen the new World affirm that all the men almost have abundance of Milk Aristotle saw a hee Goat in Lemnus that afforded so much milk as would suffice to give a kid suck l. 3. histor animal c. That it will somtimes grow hard as a stone see Schenkius observat Mathaeus Medic. quaest centur qu. 14 denies that Virgins have any Heurnius ad l. 5. Aphor. 39. affirms it If Virgins saith he abound with this blood and their termes be stopt unlesse this be voided by letting blood or vomiting or bleeding at the nose or emrods or a bloody dysentery and if their brests be hotter and rubbed it may incline somtimes that way and be turned into milk Hippocrates in the same Aphoris●m If a woman have Milk and be neither great with Child nor delivered her courses are stopt Yet we confesse this hapneth but seldom since Nature ordaind the Milk to suckle the Infant Artic. 3. Of the Generative parts I Shall speak but little of these and with a mind that is modest and with such a mind they ought to be read Histories relate that Sylla had but one testicle and Philip Landgrave of Hassia had 3. Thuan. l. 41. He addes he was so full of juice for venery that when he used onely his Wife and she could not suffer him so often as he would he being otherwise a chaste man by consent of his wife and relating his mind to the Priests he was forced to take a Concubine besides A Prince of Germany who was emasculated by a Cannon bullet made that member of silver and with that he got many children Nancel Analog Microcosm l. 7. A Bull that presently leapt on a Cow so soon as he was gelt got her with Calf Aristotle And Albertus relates of an Eunuch that used copulation One was born without a genital member yet with the Scrotum and testicles another without the parts of either Sex Schenkius in observat It is certain that Virgins have a virginall Cloyster But there is not a little skin placed a thwart in the middle of the matrix that makes the neck thereof impassible but four Caruncles placed round with small fibres comming between them till they are broken by force and they are circularly shrivelled by course leaving a hole in the middle of them that the terms may run forth from the matrix Ludovic de Gardin Anatom c. 99. Avicenna l. 3. sen. 21. makes mention of a part found in the privity of a woman which he calls the wand or Albathara Albucasis l. 2. c. 7. calls it Tentigo and sometimes this hath grown so big that women that have it could copulate with others like men Fa●lopius Caesarean births shew that the womb may be cut sometimes without danger Physicall Histories testifie that one had her Matrix cut out for her Lasciviousnesse yet without danger of her life Rhodiginus saith he saw a Maid foretell future things by her matrix Chrysostome saith that one of Apollo's Nuns did the like Article 4. Of the Female Sex WEe all know there are two Sexes the male the superiour and the female inferiour almost in all things God gave the man the Superiority and commanded the woman to obey If we consider her body she shewes by this her condition is the lowest chiefly if we consider her temper and excrements Hence because they send forth sad vapours by reason of their courses they will make Nutmegs and Corall look foul and black But if a male carry the first it will grow fatter the latter will look more red Lemnius l. 2. c. 12. de occult They are easily angry and their choler kindled soon will boyl over and for want of heat they are not so ingenious It is now the common opinion that this sex is more lustfull than men are Yet no man will deny but that there are degrees in this For in pale lean people the genitall parts are filled with a sharp biting humour and desire to be moystned Lemnius l. 2. de occult c. 37. conjectures that they are more venereous than red fat people Rue makes men lesse women more lustfull Secundus Philosophus when he was perswaded that all women were naught and having made triall found it so in his own Mother not that he lay with her but found she would give him leave being asked by Adrian what a woman was answered Mans Confusion an unsatiable beast a continuall trouble a battel without end the shipwrack of an incontinent Man the slave of mankind Yet be what it will be This sex is not so much to be despised but there are some found above this condition In the Siege at Brunswick a woman playd the Souldier another did the like formerly in Caesar's Camp Camer Hor. subcis c. 76. Cent. 3. Eudoxia the Wife of Theodosius the younger writ Poems and there is extant of her making Homers fragments concerning our Saviour Proba Falconia did the like out of Virgils Verses Jane Grey understood Hebrew Greek and Latine Olympia Fulvia Morata could make verses Greek or Latine and when she turned to the Orthodox Religion she gave her self wholly to Divinity
and the Tree called Mangueis MAlabathrum is a leaf of its own kind that the Lakes of India produce swimming like Duckweed on the waters without any root they gather it and stitch it through and hang it up to dry Diosc. l. 1. c. 11. They say that when the Summer heat dryes up the waters the dry sprigs do burn on the ground and if this come not to passe it growes there no more Dioscor divides Pomgranates into 3. heads some are sweet some sharp and sowr others are between both They say that sharp ones will grow sweet if hogs or mans dung be laid to the roots of the Trees and to water them oft with old urine Mathiol l. 1. Dioscor c. 127. They are kept from corrupting a whole year if when they are almost ripe the branches they hang by be woond about the Tree or after that they are gathered they be smeered all over with Clay resolved in water and laid some dayes in the Sun Also they are dipt into scalding water and are presently taken forth again and laid 8. dayes in the Sun to dry The Assyrian Apple-Tree bears fruit alwaies some fall off others coming in their places ripening one after the other Pliny l. 12. c. 3. saith That people tryed to transport them for themselves because they are so good for health and to carry them in earthen vessels giving place for their roots to take ayr by holes in the vessels as all such things that must be carried far to be set and transplanted must be used which you must remember that we may not say one thing twice But they will not grow but amongst the Medes and Persians Do●dius writes as Libav de orig rerum reports than an Assyrian Apple when it was cut was found great with a young one in it that lay in it as in the Womb and was fastned to its stalk The question was how it grew so and it seems there were may Apples on that twig placed close together and the first growing but slowly that which grew over it by abundance of matter coming to it grew faster and pressing with its weight on the lesser took it into it and so grew about it Mangueis is a Tree in the Country Temistitan out of whose stock peirced there flows a watry juyce If any Man drink too much of it he grows drunk and stupid The bark is good for thread the wood for niedles the leaves to cure diseases and to cover houses Matol in Colloqu de Plant. CHAP. XXVIII Of Musk and Mosse MUsk is bred in the Navel of a certaine Creature two kinds of this Creature are described one is like a Goat with one Horn and a great body This when it is prone to venery with the vehemence of Lust the Navel swells and the impostume grows great by the thicker blood heaped together R●ell ex Aetio Then it will neither eat nor drink and roles it self often on the ground by which rowling it presseth forth the blood that swells in the Navell The matter pressed out in a short time grows wonderfull sweet Scaliger writes of the other that is in the Kingdome of Pegu like a roe busk white from whose lower Mandible the teeth put forth equally on both sides Under the belly of it I set down the story out of Scaliger Exerc. 21 the Navel swells They catch the beast and cut off that part with the skin and all the drops of blood that run out when it is cut and fall down they are either catcht or gathered up for good Musk. When they have cut it they set leeches on so many and so long till they kill it by drawing blood from it that blood so drawn forth being dried and made into powder they mingle with the former in small quantities that is very strong One hundred part is sufficient The sophistication is discovered if you smel to it That which is unmixt will draw blood from your nose if you put it neere There is another kind of Musk called Civet it is bred in a little Bladder in the testicles of a certaine Creature Mathiol ad l. 5. c. 20. And growing like sweat in the testicles is of quality moyst and hot that put into the Navel hole wonderfully cures the strangling of the Matrix There is one kind of Cranes-bill that smels like Musk especially Evening and morning The hairy Mosse of the Larch-Tree if it be set on fire burns so violently that it exceeds Gun-Powder Mathiol loc cit For they flame with a World of sparks in a darknight and flye up toward the Starrs leaving a sweet smell behind them Gathered new and steeped with Oyle of Roses it wonderfully abates paines of the head that come from a hot cause it stops blood layd upon wounds CHAP. XXIX Of Mandragora Mallows and the Mulberry-Tree MAndragora is a sleepy medicament as experience proves Lemnius in explic herb biblic c. 2. For when as he had negligently laid the fair and amiable fruit of it in his study he was oppressed with drowsinesse but when he removed it he grew wakefull again The same thing hapned to the Afcicans in their Warre against the Carthagenians For Hamilcar corrupted the Wine in the Vessells and let the Africans take it for spoil when they had drank they all fell asleep and the Carthagenians became Conquerors Potyan l. 5. Phythagoras calls it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For the roots from the middle to the bottom come forth with two forks that it seems to have legs like Men. The fruit is like an Apple not far from the root upon the leaves lying on the ground Heidfeld in sphing Philosoph Wherefore if it be dug up at that time that it beares fruit it represents a Man without Armes There are also some Counterfeits made of reeds Mandragora and Bryonie roots Matthiol l. 4. Dioscor c. 7. sheweth the way an impostor used to make one They carve saith he in these the Images of both men and women sticking the graines of Barley and millet in the places where they will have haire come forth then making a hole in the ground they cover it with thin sand so long till those graines shoot forth which will be in 20 dayes at least Then they take them up againe and cut the roots where the graines grow to them with a very sharp Knife and they sit them so that they may represent the haire of the head the beard and other parts that are hairy Mallows are so venereous that the seed of that which hath but one stalk strewed on the privities is said by Xenocrates to increase lust infinitely in women Also three roots bound together are thrust up with great successe for the tenesmus and the Dysentery But it is a wonder that water should in the open ayre grow thick by it and white as Milk Plin. l. 10. c. 21. The Mulberry Tree will not bud till the cold be over yet it brings forth fruit with the first when it begins to bud it buds so
this party or another fasted 30 years Mago Carthaginensis and Lasyrtas Lasionensis lived without taking any liquid substance all their lives Athen. l. 2. c. 2. One that Coelius speaks of that was by Country of Tomos did the like at Naples and Aristotle speaks of Andronis of Greece I will not speak of Conflana and Bernenses two Maids in Quercetanus l. 2. Diaetetica c. 6. nor the Maid of Colen in Albertus l. 7. de animal nor her of Hay in Namelius nor yet of the Aunt of Timon in Athenaeus l. 2. nor yet of the French-man that came from his Pilgrimage from Jerusalem Yet there is no man I think but will say that all these things are preternatural The cause is in what takes away or augments the appetite and that is done either when the meseraique veins do not attract the Chylus and draw it out of the stomach or when their sucking is not perceived in the orifice of the stomach That is caused by stopping of the veins or by a hot distemper or want of evacuation of the excrements that abound or when the orifice of the stomach is beset with flegmatick humours This either from the inhibition of the influence of the animall spirits and the fainting of them or from the distraction of the faculty or from the distemper of the stomach and stupidity of it But because death doth not follow this taking away of the appetite there must be some other cause besides Some make this to be the relaxation of the nerves in the orifice of the stomach as Langius others think the Ayr drawn in feeds the spirits as Quercetan But since they do not shew the cause of life and this opinion is yet doubtful and they which make the cause to be abundance of flegmatique humours confesse there are plenty of them in cachecticall bodies Sennertus his Judgment pleaseth me best who sayes that such bodies are almost immortall and little or nothing exhales from them because they consist of a tenacious humour well compacted and growing fast together and that will not yield to the action of heat that feeds on nutriment and their heat is most mild and gentle and requires not much nourishment Instit. l. 2. Part. 3. Sect. c. 2. CHAP. III. Of Concoction Article 1. Of the Liver and Spleen NUtrition hath attraction retention expulsion concoction subordinate unto it Concoction is either in the Stomach the Liver or the Spleen or in other parts In the first the Chylus is made of the meat the faeces and watry excrements are cast forth In the second blood yellow choler whey and urine are sent forth in the third dew glew and that which is call'd Cambium some thicker some thinner are thrust forth As for the Liver there was none found in Mathias Ortelius a Merchant of Antwerp Though it be one entire body in Man yet in bruit beasts it is divided into many Laps In one Maid it was found with three laps In Carolus Sabaudus it ha● four little coats Francisc. Puteus l. 5 Apol. In Colet the outmost fibres of it were adorned with hairy tufts sticking forth Camerar When the heat of it growes weak a Dropsie followes I will say a few things of the Spleen There was a woman at Paris was found to have none Holler in observ And Pliny l. 1● saith That in Cawnus men are born without it Natur. Histor. c. 73. Hence the common people think it may without hurt be cut out of Footmen and Horses Pallopius observed 3. that lay one upon another Posthius observes two at Montpelier Where it increaseth the body decayes For then it sucks away too much Chylus from the Liver Hence Trajan call'd the Spleen the Treasury For as this growes rich the common people grow poor so as the Milt increaseth the body decreaseth One was seen so great that it weighed above 20 pounds C●lumb l. 15. Anatom A Marriner had a Milt 23 pound weight and his Liver eleven pounds In Jacobus Antonellius it was no bigger than a Pigeons Egge In one of Spoletum it was empty like a purse Article 2. Of Humours in generall THere is scarce any question to be made but that the Humour● cannot he defined by the onely force of the Elementary qualities For Man lives upon Plants and they contain in them sharp bitter and sometimes Minerall juices They are alter'd indeed by that internall Archaeus which is naturall heat but when they are unmingled unfit and robustous they cannot be changed Hence it is that Urines are made somtimes that will corrode cloth and somtimes blood falne from the nose will do the like Doring l. 1 de medicin et medic Somtimes things are cast up so hot by vomit that they will boyle in the bason and dye Silver Chargers with a brasen colour that no washing nor strong rubbing can take off Schenk obs l. 3. Sometimes things yellow like Saffron are voided so sweet that they tast like liccoris when as they should be bitter Cardan contra 9. l. 2. tract 5. reports that a woman that had drank Poyson had a vein opened and no blood would run forth but a green juice as from herbs to 9. ounces in quantity and a mans blood was like to milk The humours have wonderfull conveyances in the body and certain periods The blood doth grow vigorous saith Soranus Ephesinus which like the Evangelists doth measure the spaces and course of day and night by equall hours from 9 a clock at night till 3. a clock in the morning in which time the blood in Man is concocted and elaborated Thence is the mind of Man cheerfull at Sun-rising Yellow choler is concocted from 3. in the morning untill 9 a clock in which time the naturall faculty separates choler from blood and sends it to the gall bladder Thence a man is prone to anger Black choler is elaborated from 9. a clock of the day till 3. at night In this time the Liver is purified and made clean of grosse blood and this Nature as some say ordains for the Spleen From hence is the mind of Man darkned Flegme is concocted from 3. at night till nine For then Supper being ended concoction begins to be made in the stomach and the meat to be liquified From hence Flegme swimming upon the stomach and carried to the brain makes a man sleepy But if they be over-much and joyn'd one with another then they do not keep their times Moreover the Persians by reason of their moderate exercises being children grew so dry of body that they neither spit nor did blow their noses nor were their bodies puft up Varro in fragment Artic. 3. Of Blood BLood is stopt by some wonderfully Gesner notes that Frederick Duke of Saxony gave a Toad that was thrust through with a woodden spit and well dryed in the Sun and wrapt in Sarsnet for them that bled at the nose to hold in their hands till it grew hot and so the blood was stopt A hens chicken will do the same if the