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A05102 The third volume of the French academie contayning a notable description of the whole world, and of all the principall parts and contents thereof: as namely, of angels both good and euill: of the celestiall spheres, their order and number: of the fixed stars and planets; their light, motion, and influence: of the fower elements, and all things in them, or of them consisting: and first of firie, airie, and watrie meteors or impressions of comets, thunders, lightnings, raines, snow, haile, rainebowes, windes, dewes, frosts, earthquakes, &c. ingendered aboue, in, and vnder the middle or cloudie region of the aire. And likewise of fowles, fishes, beasts, serpents, trees with their fruits and gum; shrubs, herbes, spices, drugs, minerals, precious stones, and other particulars most worthie of all men to be knowen and considered. Written in French by that famous and learned gentleman Peter de la Primaudaye Esquier, Lord of the same place, and of Barree: and Englished by R. Dolman.; Academie françoise. Part 3. English La Primaudaye, Pierre de, b. ca. 1545.; Dolman, R. (Richard) 1601 (1601) STC 15240; ESTC S108305 398,876 456

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sage neither can much difference be marked in them saue in the leaues which are thinner whiter and rougher in wilde then in garden sage This plant is very singular against all cold and flegmaticke diseases in the head and against all paines of the ioints either being taken in drinke or applied in fomentations Wherefore it is very good for them who haue the falling disease or are sicke of the lethargie and for those that haue their members benummed or senselesse It is profitable against defluxions of fleame and maladies in the breast It is good for great bellied women to eate which are subiect to trauell before their time for euery light cause for it keepeth the childe in the wombe and doth quicken it If you giue three or foure ounces of the iuice of sage to them that spit blood that they may drinke it fasting in a morning with honie the blood will presently be staied The vse of sage in pottage and otherwise serueth to sharpen the appetite and cleanse the stomacke being full of ill humors In summe when occasion is to heate drie and binde sage is a very good and fit medicine Of Mints and their property Mints haue likewise many great properties and are very common both in gardens and fields Whereof though there be many kindes for some haue small and crisped leaues others haue the stalke and flower red and others white yet is there no great matter to be made of these differences considering that one selfe same vertue resideth in all Mints beaten and made into a plaister do comfort a weake stomacke It is a soueraigne thing to restore the smell and feeling to those that haue lost it so that it be often held to the nose The leaues thereof dried and brought into powder kill wormes in little children The iuice drunke with vineger stancheth blood with the iuice of a sower pomegranate it restraineth vomitings hickets and the colicke passion Mints laid vpon the forehead asswage the headach and laid vpon too tender dugs that are ful of milk it easeth the paine of them applied with salt it is good for bitings by dogs and with honied water it is good against paines in the eares The water of the whole plant distilled in a glasse-limbecke in a bath of hot water and drunke to the waight of fower ounces staieth bleeding at nose They that loue milke must presently after they haue eaten thereof chew mint leaues to hinder the milke that it doe not curdle in their stomacke if also you sprinkle cheese with the iuice thereof or with the decoction thereof it will keepe from corrupting and rottennesse Now I referre to you ARAM the sequele of this discourse Of Thyme Sauorie Marierom Rue Parsley and Fennell Chap. 75. ARAM. Of Thyme and the propertie thereof AMongst common herbes admirable in their properties Thyme is worthie to be noted Now there are two sorts thereof one bearing sundry twigs laden with verie manie little narrow leaues hauing small heads at the top full of purple flowers and the other is as hard as wood more branched and like vnto Sauorie In propertie it is hot and dry in the third degree And therefore it prouoketh vrine doth heat and being taken in drinke doth purge the intrailes It is good to make one spit out the ill-humours of the lungs and in the breast Fower drams of drie thyme puluerized being ministred fasting to one that hath the gout with two ounces and an halfe of honied vineger doth profit them verie much for it purgeth choler and other sharpe humours It is good also for diseases of the bladder and the waight of a dram being taken with a spoonefull of honied water it is good for such as begin to haue a swollen belly for the sciatica and paine in the reines in the sides and in the breast for inflations and stitches about the forepart of the belly for melancholie persons for those that are troubled in minde and are in continuall fearfulnes if three drams be giuen to them fasting with a spoonefull of honied-vineger it will doe them much good It is profitable also against inflammation of the eies and vehement paines therof and against the goute in the feete being taken with wine The vse thereof is verie good for them that haue but bad sight Out of Thyme there is an oyle extracted of the colour of gold which commeth forth with the water when the herbe being fresh and greene is distilled in a bathe of hot water This oyle smels like a Citron and is verie tart in taste and good for all things which haue need to be heated But we must note that heed must be taken that to all the foresaid purposes blacke thyme be not vsed for it corrupteth the temperature of the person and ingendreth choler And therfore that thyme must be chosen which beareth a carnation flower and that for the best yet which beareth a white flower Sauorie also is an herbe knowen vnto all Of Sauory and hath the same properties and vertues which thyme hath being taken in such manner There are two kindes thereof one is like to thyme somewhat lesse and more tender bearing a bud full of greene flowers enclining to purple The other is greater and more branched which is often found in gardens hauing many boughes that spread about it being round and woodie The leaues thereof are greater then those of thyme somewhat strong and harder which doe here and there grow about the branches in bunches togither after the springing whereof there grow out little buds enuironed with leaues which are much lesse then the other wherein grow small carnation flowers The leaues and flowers of sauorie being made in a garland or chaplet and set vpon the head of such as sleep do waken them Being vsed in a cataplasme with wheat-meale sod together in wine it is verie auaileable against griefe of the sciatica But the vse of sauorie is chiefly good for healthfull persons whether it be in pottage or in sauce or otherwise And it being dryed in the shade and brought into powder may be vsed insteed of spices and so may Thyme and Marierom with maruellous profit for health and strange drugs tbat are hurtfull may be spared as pepper and ginger are being commonly vsed Of Marierom Marierom is so good for all persons so that there are but few people which haue it not either in their gardens or in earth pots the whole plant is verie odoriferous and most profitable in phisicke It is branched with small plyable twigs with long whitish and hairie leaues growing about those twigs It beareth flowers in great number on the top of the stalkes and buds of the colour of the herbe being long and composed of an heape of scales wel compact together out of which groweth a litle graine In propertie it resolueth and is attenuatiue opening and coroboratiue It is excellent against all cold diseases of the head and of the sinewes both outwardly applied and taken in drinke as also
against spitting of bloud and stancheth it out of what part so euer it runne And it may be taken at all times without danger and in all ages yea it may be ministred to little children and to great bellied women although the vulgar people thinke otherwise supposing that Rheubarb is a very violent medicine and that Phisitions vse it but in halfe despaired maladies which is not so Licorice is verie woorthie to be numbred amongst the most excellent Phisicke plants And thereof are two kinds Of Licorice one bearing fruite and the other not that which beareth fruite groweth abundantly in Germanie and in the territorie of Bamberg and other places And it is a verie branchie plant of two cubits high being thicke of leaues and fatte in manner of gum the flowers thereof are like an Hyacinth the fruite thereof great like plantaine berries and more rough and hairie enclosed within little cods like those of lentiles hairie also and full of smal prickles of yellow colour enclining to a blacke The other kinde of Licorice is very well knowne and groweth of it selfe in many places In vertue it is abstersiue clensing and alaieth the bitternesse of humors and therefore it is very good for heate of the vrine Being chewed especially whilest it is fresh it stancheth hunger and thirst and retayneth that vertue for many daies And the iuice thereof being made thicke and held in the mouth till it melt of it selfe hath the same effect It is good for the breast and lungs and is therefore ministred to those who haue short breath or are in a cōsumption or pleurisie The iuice aslwageth the prickings not onely of the arterie of the lungs but of the bladder also and doth excellently staunch thirst as being tempered with moysture and colder then our nature And it is to be noted that the roote wherein lye all these properties is much better being fresh taken out of the ground then when it is drie and is more pleasant in taste being employed in medicines Of Aloes The Aloë is a plant which is seene greene in many townes in Italie in windowes and galleries it is kept in pots full of earth more for pleasure to content the eie then for vse in medicine But the licour and iuice that is pressed out of it and brought to vs is extracted out of the Aloë that groweth in the lower Syria and Arabia and in the Indies where the best is This plant hath thick and fat leaues with certaine little prickles here and there on all sides The root thereof is fat and oilie bearing a white flower out of which groweth a litle graine like that of Smallage In the thick iuice thereof prepared for medicine there is found grauell and earth which is nothing but the setlings of pure Aloes but the good is pure and cleane not sophisticate without grauel or little stones reddish brittle of a good smell close like a liuer and very much enclining to the colour thereof easilie melting and very bitter that which is black and hard to breake is worth nothing The Aloë is profitable for many things because of the drines thereof without any sharpnes It purgeth choler and fleame the head and stomach and is very good for paines in those parts it quickneth all the senses openeth the liuer and healeth the Iaundise It killeth wormes in the bellie beeing incorporated with ox gall and vineger and laid vpon the nauell Some apply the powder thereof to wonnds to search them it healeth vlcers and staieth them It appeaseth the paine of the head beeing applied to the temples forehead with vineger and oile of roses In briefe the propertie thereof is to restraine to dry to prouoke sleepe to binde the bodie and yet to loosen the bellie Sene hath leaues like Licorice thick fat Of Sene. and in tast like beanes the stalke thereof is a cubit high out of which issue many branches as pliable as a leatherne thong The flowers thereof are yealow straked with small purple strakes after which there grow certaine cods crooked like a sickle wherein is enclosed a black seede enclining to greene very like to kernels in grapes It is sowed in diuers places in Florence and prospereth very well especially in the territory of the city of Florence but the best is brought from Alexandria in Egypt and out of Syria It purgeth without any annoiance choler fleame and melancholie It mundifieth the hart the liuer the braine the spleene the lungs and all parts of the bodie and is profitable for all the accidents of them It openeth the inner parts and maintaineth a man or woman in youth forsloweth age and causeth ioy of minde The leaues thereof are good to wash the head with cammomill for they fortifie the braine the sinewes the sight and the hearing Briefly it is a good medicine in all long diseases and such as proceede of a melancholie humour And therefore it is very profitable for them that raue and are out of their wits likewise for vlcers ouer all the body for palsies for the head-ach and falling euill It fortifieth the hart especially beeing mixed with some other ingredient fit therefore as namely with purple violets It is very good in the infusion or decoction thereof to ad some clones thereto to correct a little that annoiance which some say it doth to the stomach and to fortifie the vertue thereof And beeing mixed with some infusion of roses or laxatiue sirup of roses it is an excellent purge for all euill humours There is a sirup made of Sene beeing taken greene from the plant and mixed with infusion of roses which is very good to that effect and is so gentle that one may minister thereof to women with childe and to little infants and people of all ages Saffron is a common plant and yet hath many vertues Of Saffron It beareth many leaues long narrow small full not round hanging downewards thick and soft The flower thereof is skie coloured and very faire to behold Out of the middle thereof growe certaine red threedes big at the top with which out of the same place almost there growe other yealow ones in fashion like toongs That Saffron is good which dieth your hands with the colour thereof and that smelleth somewhat sharp and is not very brittle In propertie it is good for feeblenes of stomack and faintnes of hart beeing taken in some small quantitie it preserueth from drunkennes and healeth the bitings of serpents and stinging of spiders It is restoratiue the astriction thereof verie much aiding thereto which qualitie proceedeth from cold and earthines although that the qualitie of heat exceede therein in such sort as in all the substance thereof it is hot in the second degree and dry in the first But the smell thereof is naught for the head and being taken too much it troubleth the spirit Of Century Centurie is likewise worthie of great consideration because of the properties thereof in phisicke There be two sorts
common vse to make bread of Of Rie This plant hath many stalkes smaller then those of wheat and blacker as the graine is also Meale made of Rie is good for plaisters to draw The decoction of the seede voideth wormes out of the belly especially if Coriander seed be mixed therewith The straw being soaked in water is good to binde vines insteed of rush or broome Barley is also much vsed euerie where Of Barley It beareth a broad leafe and rougher then wheat hath a britler and lesser stalk of eight knots with one onely rough broad leafe vpon the stalke The graine is lapped in a cod which is close shut out of the top whereof groweth a long and sharpe beard The best is that which is whitest most full heauie easie to boyle not waxing mouldie There groweth a certaine kinde of it in many places the graine whereof is easily taken out of the huske or cod and is therefore called clensed Barley Besides all barley drieth and cooleth and is also abstersiue The meale thereof boyled in honied-water with figs resolueth al inflammations and impostumes with rosin and pigeons dung it ripeneth all hard swellings with melilot heads of poppie it easeth the paine of the sides and with quinces or vineger it appeaseth inflammations of the goute in the feete The ashes of burnt barley is verie good for burnings being laide thereupon and applied to flesh that cleaueth not to the bone Concerning barley-bread besides that it lyeth heauie vpon the stomacke it engendreth also cold and clammie humours it nourisheth little causeth windines and yet some say it is very good for them that haue the gout in their feet Of Beere There is a certain kind of drink called Beere made of barley which is cōmonly vsed insteed of wine in al the north-countries to wit in Germany Bohemia Polonia Flāders other cold countries of Europe And if one take too much therof it wil inebriate or make drūken as wel as wine that for a lōger time bicause that beere is more grosse and materiall and of harder digestion then wine whereto it is so like also in force and vertue that aqua-vitae is likewise made thereof Next after barley oates are a graine very commodious Of Oates In leafe and stalke this graine resembleth wheate but it beareth on the top thereof as it were little twolegd grashoppers hanging where the graine is inclosed which though it seeme to be created of nature rather fit for beasts foode then for man yet in Germanie they oftentimes eate it in good fat flesh pottage being boiled therein after it hath beene cleansed of all filth as is vsed in rice Oates also in the vse of phisicke doe very neere approch to the qualitie of Barley For being applied it drieth and moderately resolueth But it is a little more cold and somewhat more restringent in temper so that it is good for the flux in the belly and profitable for those that haue the cough Of Rice Wee may likewise consider of Rice which the Ancients did hold to bee a kinde of corne The leafe thereof is very thick resembling that of a leeke The stalke thereof is about a cubit long knotty bigger then that of wheat and stronger on the top of it groweth an eare parted into little branches on both sides whereof is the graine included in a yealow huske rough and hauing creuises on the side of an ouall figure and beeing taken out of the huske it becommeth white It groweth in some places of Italie in moist ground but it aboundeth in Asia Syria and Egypt Rice is very vsuall in meat and nourisheth meanely but it is made of more e●●●… digestion and of better tast beeing sod in cowes-milk almond milke or fat flesh pottage It is very good to giue to such as haue the laxe and colick The flower thereof is good in repercussiue plaisters It staieth inflammations that rise in the dugs The decoction of Rice also is very profitable in clisters against laxes or fluxes and in drinke likewise Now to end this talke Of Millet wee will say something concerning Millet for it hath many properties both in food and phisick This plant beareth leaues like those of a reed hauing a stalke of a cubit long thick knottie and rough At the top thereof do hang certaine hairie heads in which the graine groweth in great abundance beeing round massiue yealow and lapped in a thin skin In many places bread is made of this graine and euen at Verona it is carried hot about the streets whereof they make much account for it hath a sweetnes very pleasant to the tast if it bee eaten a little after it is drawne out of the ouen but beeing hard it is vnpleasant The common people of Trent are nourished with Millet boiled onely eating it with milke and it is the best food that they can get Besides there are very good fomentations or serge-clothes made of Millet to dry moderately and to driue out ventosities especially beeing mixed with salt It is happily applied against griping in the bellie caused through windines but it is much better yet beeing mingled with flowers of Cammomill It is commonly fried in a pan and then put hot into a bag and so laid vpon the diseased parts It hath the vertue to preserue medicines long time from moulding and putrifying if they bee buried in an heape of Millet yea and fresh flesh is long kept thereby in hot weather Now to finish this daies discourse it seemeth good to me ACHITOB that you speake of the vine and fruit thereof of which men make their most delicious drinke Of the Vine of Grapes of Wine and of Aqua-vitae Chap. 80. ACHITOB. IT were very superfluous to make here a long discourse concerning the Vine and concerning the diuers qualities which are found in this plant of which wee doe not onely receiue Grapes a most pleasant and delicious meat but haue also that most exquisite drinke which wee call wine for all the world hath so much cherished the vine that there are few people of any condition soeuer but can discourse sufficiently well of it and of the nature thereof Property of the Vine We will briefly then declare that which wee shall thinke most notable therein and chiefly in the vse of medicine The leaues and tender branches thereof helpe the head-ach beeing laid thereupon and appease inflammations and heat of the stomack The iuice of them drunke serue against Dysenterias or fluxes spitting of bloud weakenes of stomack and the corrupt appetite of great bellied women The licour of vines which lieth thick vpon the stock thereof like gum beeing taken in drinke with wine purgeth grauell The ashes of the branches and stones beeing mixed with vineger helpeth the hard bindings of the fundament and is good against the stingings and bitings of vipers and against inflammation of the spleene beeing laid thereupon with oile of Roses Rue and vineger As grapes are the most singular fruits