bleeding Of Gastarde Saffron Chap. xxij †The Description WIlde Saffron hath a rounde stalke of three Cubites long or more decked with lōg narrow dented sharp pricking leaues at the toppe of the braunches are small round pricklcy heades or knoppes the whiche at their opening do bring forth a pleasant Orenge colour floure of a good fauour colour like to the threds of right Saffron whan the floure is withered and past there is found within the prickly heads or knoppes a white long cornered seede wrapped in a certayne hearie downe or chaffe †The Place They vse to plante it in gardens †The Tyme It floureth in Iuly and August Cnicus Carthamus †The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Cnicus of the Apothecaries and of Mesue of Serapio Cartamus of some Crocus Hortēsis Crocus Saracenicus in Italian Saffrano Sarracinesco in Spanish Alaçor Açfran del huerto y semente de Papagaios in English Bastard Saffron in Frēch Saffran sauuage or Bastard in high Douch Wilden garten Saffron in base Almaigne Wilden Saffraen †The Nature The seede of Bastarde Saffron as Mesue writeth is hoate in the first degree and dry in the second †The Vertues The iuyce of the seede of Saffron brused and pound and dronken with Honied water or the brothe of a Chicken or pullet prouoketh the stoole and purgeth by siege flymie fleumes and sharpe humors Moreouer it is good against the Colike that is to say the payne and stopping of the bowels or guttes and also against the payne in fetching of breath the cough stopping of the breast and it is singuler against the Dropsie Also the iuyce of the same seede put into milke causeth the same milke to congeale and crudde and maketh it of great force to lose and open the belly The floures dronke with Honied water openeth the Liuer and are very good against the Iaundise Also the same floures are very good to be vsed in meates to giue them a yellow colour †The Daunger The seede of Bastard Saffron is very hurtfull to the stomacke causing a desire to vomite and is of harde and slowe operation remayning long in the stomake and entrailles †The Amendement He must put to the same seede somethings comfortable to the stomake as Anise seede Galangall or Mastike or some other good thing to hasten his operation as Gynger Salgemme common salte c. And if it be vsed after this manner it shall not hurte the stomacke at all and his operation shall be more speedy Of Conyza / or Flebane Chap. xxiij ⧠The Kindes THere are two sortes of Conyza as Dioscorides Theophrastus writeth The one called the great or male Conyza the other the small or female Conyza Ouer and bysides these there is a thirde kinde the which is called the middle or meane Conyza †The Description THe greate Conyza hath leaues somewhat large almost like Cowslippe leaues sauing that they are browner and softer The stalke is round couered with a safte Cotton or fine Downe of a foote and halfe long or more towardes the toppe spreading abroade into many small branches vpon which groweth long buddes whiche turne into yellow floures the whiche also do afterward chaunge into Downie heads fleeing away with the wind The roote is somewhat thicke The small Conyza groweth not aboue the heigth of a spanne or foote and differeth not from the first sauing that it is a great deale lesse The floures be of a darke yellow almost like the floures of Tansie or like to the middell of the floures of Cammomill they are both of a strong sauour but the sauour of the greater is more then the small The third and middell kinde of Conyza hath a round white wollish stalke of a foote and a halfe long the leaues be long cottony or wolly The floures at the top of the stalke like to Cammomill but greater not onely of a broune yellow colour in the middell but also round about Conyza maior Great Conyza Conyza media Middell Conyza †The Place The great Conyza for the most parte groweth in dry places The two others grow in valleys that are moyst and grassie and by water sides †The Tyme They floure in the end of Iuly and August †The Names These herbes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Plinie in some place calleth them Cunilagines Theodor Gaza calleth them Policariae and Pulicariae vnknowen in shops one kinde of it is called in English Flebane some call it in high Douch Durwurtz and Donnerwurtz in Spanish Attadegua Theophrast calleth the great Conyza the male and the smaller Conyza the female †The Nature The great and the small Conyzae are hoate and dry in the third degree The third is of the like substaunce but not so hoate †The Vertues The leaues and floures of Conyza boyled in wine and dronken haue great power to prouoke the floures and to expell the dead childe They haue also great power against the hoate pisse and Strangury against the Iaundise and gnawing or gryping paynes of the belly The same taken with vineger is good for the Epilepsie or falling sicknesse The Decoction of Conyza is very profitable to women against the diseases and payne of the Mother if they sitte ouer it in a close vessell or stewe The leaues brused and layde vpon the bitings or stingings of venemouse beasts are very good also they are good to be layde vpō woundes oedemes that is harde lumpes or colde swellings The same mingled with oyle is good to annoynt the body to take away all colde shakings and brusings The same layde strowed or burned in any place driueth away al venemouse beasts and killeth gnattes and flees Of Sterrewurte or Sharewurte Chap. xxiiij †The Description STerrewurte hath a browne hearie and woodish stalke the leaues be lōg thick hearie and of a browne or swartgreene colour At the toppe of the branches groweth three or foure shining floures after the fasshion of Camomill yellow in the middle and set rounde about with small purple leaues in order and fasshion like a Sterre whiche at length do turne into downe or Cotton the plume is carried away with the winde The roote is bearded with hearie strings There is an other kinde of this herbe whose floures are not onely yellow in the middle but the small leaues also growing about the edges in order like the Cammomill floure are also of yellow colour but otherwise like to the first †The Place Sterrewurte groweth vpon small hillockes barrowes or knappes in Mountaynes and high places and sometimes in wooddes and in certaine medowes lying about the riuer of Rheyne †The Tyme It doth most cōmonly floure in August Aster Atticus †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Aster Atticus Inguinalis of Vergill Flos Amellus of some Stellaria in Italian Alibio vnknowen in Shoppes in English Sharewurte or
The cause of the Name Peonie tooke his name first of that good old man Paeon a very ancient Physition who first taught the knowledge of of this herbe Paeonia mas Male Peonie Paeonia foemina Female Peonie †The Vertues The roote of Peonie dried and the quantitie of a Beane of the same dronken with Meade called Hydromel bringeth downe womēs flowers scoureth the mother of women brought a bed and appeaseth the griping paynes and tormentes of the belly The same openeth the stopping of the liuer and the kidneyes and sod with red wine stoppeth the belly The roote of the male Peonie hanged about the necke healeth the falling sicknesse as Galen and many other haue proued especially in young children Ten or twelue of the red seedes dronken with thicke and rough red wine doth stop the red issues of women Fiftene or sixtene of the blacke cornes or seedes dronkē in wine or Meade helpeth the strangling and paynes of the Matrix or mother and is a speciall good remedie for them that are troubled with the night Mare which is a disease wherin men seeme to be oppressed in the night as with some great burthē and sometimes to be ouercome with their enimies and it is good against melancholique dreames Of Valerian / Phu or Setwal Chap. xvij †The Kyndes THere be two fortes of Valerian the garden and wilde and the wilde Valerian is of two kindes the great and small Besides all these there is yet a strange kinde the which is nowe called Greeke Valerian 1. Valeriana hortensis Setwall or garden Valerian 2. Valeriana syluestris maior The greater wilde Valerian †The Description SEtwall or garden Valerian at the first hath broade leaues of a whitish greene colour amongst which there commeth vp a round holow plaine and a knottie stalke Vppon the whiche stalkes there groweth leaues spread abroade and cut lyke leaues of the roote called garden Parsenep at the highest of the stalke groweth tuffets of Corones with white flowers of a light blew or carnation colour at the beginning and afterwarde white The roote is as thicke as a finger with little rootes and threddes adioyning therevnto The great wilde Valerian is almost lyke to the garden Valerian it hath also playne round holow stalkes diuided with knottes The leaues are lyke desplayed winges made of many smal leaues set one against another lyke the leaues of Setwall or garden Valerian whiche growe at the vpper part of the stalke but much greater and more clouē or cut The flowers grow and are like to the garden kinde of a colour drawing towardes a light blew or skye colour The roote is tender winding and trayling here and there and putting foorth euery yere newe plantes or springes in sundrie places The little wilde Valerian is very wel like the right great Valerian but it is alwayes lesse The first and neathermost leaues are like the litle leaues of Plantaine the rest which grow about the stalke are very much and deepely cut very wel lyke to the leaues of wilde Valerian or like the leaues which grow about the stalkes of gardē Valerian The stalkes be round with ioyntes about the length of a hande The flowers be like to the flouers of the aforesaid kindes The rootes be smal creeping alongst the grounde The Greekish Valerian hath two or three holow stalkes or moe vpon the which groweth spread leaues almost lyke the leaues of wilde Valerian but longer narrower and more finely cut lyke the leaues of the wylde Fetche but somewhat bigger The flowers grow thicke clustering togither at the top of the stalke of a light Azure or blew color parted into fiue litle leaues hauing in the midle smal white threddes pointed with a litle yellow at the tops The seede is small growing in round huskes The rootes are nothing els like but smal threds †The Place The garden Valerian and Greeke Valerian are sowen planted in gardens The other two kindes grow here in moyst places and in watery medowes lying low ⧠The Tyme The three first kindes of Valerian do flower from May to August The Greeke Valerian doth flower most commonly in Iune and Iuly †The Names The first kinde of these herbes is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phu in Latine Valeriana and Nardus syluestris or Nardus rustica in shoppes Valeriana domestica or Valeriana hortēsis of some in these dayes Marinella Genicularis and Herba benedicta in Frenche Valeriane in high Douche Grosz Baldrian in base Almaigne tāme or groote Valeriā of some S. Ioris cruyt or Speercruyt that is to say Spearwurte or Speare herbe bycause his first leaues at their first comming vp in making are lyke to the Iron or head of a Speare in English Setwal or Sydwall The second kinde is called Valeriana syluestris Phu syluestre and Valeriana syluestris maior in Frenche grande Valerian sauuage in high Douch wilde Baldriā Katzenwurtzel Augenwurtz Wendwurtz Dennenmarcke in base Almaigne wilde Valeriane in English the great wilde Valerian The third is a kinde of wilde Valerian and therefore we do call it Valeriane syluestris minor that is to say the small wilde Valerian and also Phy paruum and Valeriana minor 3. Phu paruum Valeriana syluestris rainor The smal wild Valerian 4. Phu Gręcū Valeriana peregrina Greekish Valerian The fourth is called of the Herboristes of our time Phu Gręcum Valeriana Graeca that is to say Greekish or Greke Valerian it may be wel called Valeriana peregrina or Pseudophu for this is no Valerian but some other strange herbe the which we cannot compare to any of the herbes described by Dioscorides except it be the right Auricula muris for the which it is taken of some †The Nature The roote of Valerian is hoate and drie in the seconde degree †The Vertues The decoction of the rootes of Setwal dronken prouoketh vrine bringeth downe womens flowers and helpeth the ache and paynes of the side and stomacke They be of like vertue being made in powder and dronke in wine And they be put into preseruatiues and medicines made agaynst poyson and the pestilence as Tryacles and Mithridats The leaues rootes of the great wilde Valerian boyled in water do heale the vlceration and blistring of the mouth especially the roughnesse and inflammation of the throte if one washe his mouth or gargarize therewith Men do vse to giue it with great profit in drēches to such as are burstē wtin The two other Valerians be not vsed in medicine English men vse Greeke Valerian against cuttes and woundes Rosesenting Roote Rosesmelling Roote Of Rosewurte or Rhodia Chap. xviij †The Description ROsewurte hath three or foure stalkes growing frō the roote set ful of thicke leaues lyke the leaues of Lyblong or Crassula maior but they are more narrower cut or hackt at the top The roote is thicke hauing many smal hearie threddes whan it is eyther bruysed or bursten it doth sente and sauor like the Rose
of the Sonne as are the walles of Temples or Churches †The Tyme They remayne all the yeere and renewe their leaues in Aprill †The Names The first kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Adiantum Polytrichum Callitrichū Cincinnalis Terrae capillus Supercilium terrae Apuleius calleth it Capillus Veneris Capillaris Crinita in the Shoppes of Fraunce and Italie Capillus Veneris it is for the more part vnknowen in the Shoppes of this Countrie in French Cheueux de Venus in high Almaigne frauwenhar in base Almaigne Vrouwen hayr The seconde kinde is called in the Shoppes of this Countrie Capillus Veneris and of some it is taken for Adiantum in the Shoppes of Fraunce Saluia vita of the learned at this time Ruta Muraria that is to say Rue of the wall in high Douche Maurrauten and Steinrauten in base Almaigne Steencruyt †The Nature Both these herbes be drie and temperate in heate and colde †The Vertues The decoction of Capillus Veneris made in wine and dronke helpeth them that are short breathed and cannot fetch winde also it helpeth such as are troubled with an harde or vnesie cough for it ripeth tough fleme and auoydeth it by spetting It prouoketh vrine breaketh the stone moueth the flowers deliuereth the secondine and vnstoppeth the liuer and the melt and is very good agaynst the diseases of the Melt and the Iaunders Capillus Veneris stoppeth the flixe of the belly stayeth the spitting of blood and is profitable against the fluxions and moystnesse of the stomacke against the bitinges and stinginges of venemous beastes Capillus Veneris as yet greene pounde and layde to the bitinges of venemous beastes and mad Dogges preuayleth very muche and layde vppon the head causeth heare to come agayne in places that are pilde or balde It dispatcheth also the swellinges of the throte called Strumes especially in young children when it is pound greene and layde therevpon The lye wherein the same hath ben stieped and boyled is very good to washe the scurffe of the heade for it healeth the same causing the rome and scales to fall of A cay or garlende of Maydenheare worne vpon the head healeth the ache and payne of the same as Plinie affirmeth The leaues of Adiantum mixed togither with a little Saltpeter and the vrine of a young child taketh away the shreucled wrinckles that appeare vpon the bellies of women lately deliuered of child if the belly be washed therwithall after their Beliuerance Men vse in this Countrie to put Rue of the wall in steede of Capillus Veneris in all their medicines and haue founde it to profite muche in the colde passions or diseases of the breast Of English or common Maydenheare Chap. lxix †The Description TRichomanes is a litle herbe of the length of a span without flowers and seede and hath the stalkes of his leaues very small and leane browne shining and smoth beset on both sides with many little pretie round leaues euery leafe of the bignesse of a Lentill straked and dashed on that side whiche is next the grounde with many small markes and strakes lyke Rue of the wall The roote is small and blackishe †The Place It loueth moyst and shadowie places and groweth about waters especially vpō moyst rockes and olde walles and great store thereof is found in this Countrie †The Tyme It abydeth alwayes greene like Venus heare and Rue of the wall Trichomanes †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Fidicula capillaris and also Trichomanes in the Shoppes Polytrichon in high Douche Widertodt Abthon and of some Roter Steinbrecke in neather Douchland Wederdoot in Englishe Maydenheare and Common Maydenheare †The Nature This herbe is drie and temperate betwixt hoate and colde and of the same nature that Venus heare is †The Vertues Trichomanes after the minde of Dioscorides and Galen hath the same faculties in operation that Capillus Veneris hath Of Stone Liuerwort Chap. lxx †The Description STone Liuerwort spreadeth it selfe abroade vpon the ground hauing wrinckled or crimpled leaues layde one vpon another as the scales of fishe and are greene on the vpper part and browne on that side which is next the ground amongst the leaues there grow vp smal stemmes or twigges in the toppes wherof are certayne knappes or thinges like starres The rootes are like smal threddes growing vnder the leaues wherby it cleaueth and sticketh fast vpon the ground and vpon moyst or sweating rockes †The Place This herbe if a man may so cal it groweth in moyst groundes and stonie places and shadowie where as the Sonne shineth seldome ⧠The Tyme It bringeth foorth his starres in Iune and Iuly ¶ The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lichen in Shoppes Hepatica in French Hepatique in high Almaigne Brunnenlebercraut or Steinlebercraut in base Almaigne Steenleuercruyt and Leuercruyt in Englishe Liuerwurt and Stone Liuerwort †The Nature Liuerwort is colde and drie of complexion Lichen †The Vertues The decoction of Liuerworte swageth the inflammation of the liuer openeth the stoppinges of the same and is very good agaynst Feuer tertians and all inflammations of blood This herbe as Dioscorides and Plinie writeth brused when it is yet greene and layd vpon woundes stoppeth the superfluous bleeding of the same and preserueth them both from inflammation and Apostemation The same doth also heale all foule scurffes and spreading scabbes as the Pockes and wilde fire and taketh away the markes and scarres made with hoate irons if it be pounde with hony and layde therevpon The same boyled in wine and holden in the mouth stoppeth the Catarrhes that is a distilling or falling downe of Reume or water and flegme from the the brayne to the throte Of Mosse Chap. lxxi †The Kyndes THere be many sortes of Mosse whereof some growe in the feeldes some vpon trees trees and some in shadowie and moyst woods and some in the rockes of the sea †The Description THE first kinde of Mosse which groweth vpon trees and is most properly called Mosse is nothing els but a forte of small white leaues all iagged hackte or finely kerued twisted and enterlaced one in another without roote without flower or seede hanging and growing vpon trees 1. Muscus Mosse 2. Pulmonaria Lungwurt The seconde kinde groweth also about trees the whiche is called Lungwurt and it doth somwhat resemble Liuerwurt but that it is greater and larger with great scales layd one vpō another metely greene vpon one side and whitishe vpon the other side 3. Glodylockes Polytrichon or Golden Maydenheare 4. Ros Solis Sonne Dewe The third kind which some call Golden Polytrichon hath very small slender stalkes nothing so lōg as a mans hand couered with short heares of a browne greene colour changing vppon yellow the which doth sometymes put foorth other little bare stēmes with small graynes or seedes at the top Of this
Vomite / and cast out easyly slymie flegmes / and cholerique humours / 115. g / 129. c / 211. a / 212. a / 226. a 231. a / 292. i / 319. e / 335. a / 361. a / 372. a / 599. o / 697. a / 759. a. Vomit with great force / 347. a / 666. a / 743. c / 759. a. To cleare the Voyce / 638. g. To take away roughnesse of the Voyce 543. a. Sharpnesse of water or Vrine / 694. d. Fylthy corruption and matter of Vrine 694. d. To stoppe the inuoluntarie running of Vrine / 405. a. To prouoke Vrine or water / 15. a / 38. b / 41. a / 48. a / 64. a / 99. h / 129. d / 152. b / 184. a / e / 187. b / 194. b / 196. a / 206. a / 217. f 229. a / 234. a / 236. a / 241. a / 243. b / 252. a / 261. a / 262. s 265. a / 269. b / 271. a / 281. a / 284. a / 285. a / 289. a / 291. a / 296. b / e / 299. b / 305. q / 319. a / 336. a / 337. a / 341. a / 344. a / 382. a / 409. b 437. a / 448. a / 479. a / 499. f / 501. a / 509. a / 510. b / 521. a / 525. b 528. a / 533. b / 565. a / 577. m / 578. a / 594. d / 597. a / 599. f / 604. b / 605. a / 606. a / 607. a / 608. a / 615. b / 616. b / 618. a / 619. f / 622. b / 625. a / 626. c / 638. c / 640. b / 642. b / 646. b / 649. a / 660. d / 662. h / 665. b / e / 669. a / d / 674. a / 676. d / 689. f / 711. d / 740. b / 749. g / 750. a / 703. a / 765. f / 766. a / 771. a / 775. a / b / 778. b / c. Difficultie or stopping of Vrine / 2. a / 28. b / 50. e. W VVArtes growing about the Iarde and secret places 767. d. Wartes takeÌ„ away / 61. d / g / 229. g / 236. d / 304. e / 361. d / 420. a 719. r / 744. d. The paynefull making of Water / 285. a / 446. b. 613. a. Against drinking of corrupt stiâ—king noughtie Water / 232. f / 638. f. For Weales comming of choler and blood / 551. f / 665. f / 719. r. To refresh Weary members / 540. c / 689. d. That trauelers shall not be Weary / 11. b / 691. i. For the Wilde fyre / 11. a / 19. e / 137. c / vide S. Antonies fyre Biting of wilde beastes / 482. d. For the shortnesse of Winde / vide Breath / 2. a / 18. a / 20. b / 217. b / 243. a / 389. c / 391. a. To dissolue blasting and windinesse of the belly / 285. b / 520. b / 606. c / 608. b / 609. a. For Witching / vide Enchantements For Women with childe giuen to vomit / 651. a. Cause Women to haue easie deliuerance of childe / 299. b 441. e / 676. d. To purge and clense Women after their deliuerance of childe / 616. a. Dangerous for Women with childe / 331. p / 383. p / 389. l / 391. e / 401. e / 628. Kyll or destroy Wormes / 710. d / 745. c / 763. f / 777. k. To cause Women to be fertil and get chyldren / 152. c. To bring downe Womens natural sicknesse / 2â— b To ease Women whiche are to muche graued with hard and perilous trauell in childe bearing / 146. l / 158. d / 307. d / 331. o / 391. b. To confirme the natural place of conceptioÌ„ of Women / and make them apt to receiue children / 524. To keep Woundes from inflammation / 138. b / 144. b / 145. c / 170. d / 178. e / 182. g / 407. b / 411. b / 576. k / 633. a / 693. d. To cure inward Woundes / 134. a / 139. a / 141. a / 144. a / 145. a 253. a / 291. f / 398. b / 443. b / 541. a / 585. a / 702. d / 756. b. To take away the payne and heate of al Woundes inflamed / 140. a / 739. g / k. To close greene Woundes / 86. d / 99. g / 101. c / 111. e / 117. e / 133. d. f / 146. b. 201. h / 234. d / 260. d / 322. g / 327. b / l / 354. d / 443. d. / 496. c / 504. b / 510. c / 555. b / 561. b / 584. d / 633. a / 645. b 665. f / 713. c / d / 726. b / 737. d / 745. b / 752. a / f / 768. g / 771. c 773. a / 775. c. For al kinde of Woundes made with the Glayue / 268. d 388. a. To heale and close Woundes / 9. a / 11. a. / 14. c. / 27. b / 28. c / 36. e / 48. b / 59. b / 68. a / 70. b / 75. c / 79. a / 84. c / 87. a / 103. a / 132. a / 133. a / 134. a / 137. a / 141. a / 142. a / 196. b / 365. c / 540. a / 541. a / 554. k / 571. c / 613. b / 717. c / 776. a. Olde Woundes and corrupt / 57. d / 65. c / 70. b / 93. f / 101. b / 112. e / 492. d / 540. a / 626. b. To keepe newe Woundes from deadly burning apostumation and euyll swelling / 693. d. To destroy Wormes / 2. c / 6. i / 18. a / 21. a / 44. d / 227. b / 276. b / 279. b / 327. h / 344. c / 415. i / 481. a / 491. a / 555. p / 561. b / 573. d / 577. l / 599. o / 624. b / 704. f / 707. c. To kyll the rounde Wormes / 246. c / 402. c / 594. f. To kyll long and flat Wormes in the body / 6. m / 9. c / 61. f 248. f / 646. t / 716. f / 763. f. To kyll brode Wormes / 402. a / c / 517. a / 638. c. Heer endeth this Table concerning the Nature Vertue and Dangers of all the Herbes Trees and Plantes conteyned in this Booke of Herball ⧠Imrinted at Antwerpe / by me Henry Loë Bookeprinter and are to be solde at London in Povvels Churchyarde by Gerard Devves
The floures grow at the toppe of the stalkes most cōmonly two togither of a browne redde colour after the whiche there commeth vp small round beries of a swarte redde colour like Strawberies but harder within whiche the seede is conteyned The roote is tender and spreading about here and there †The Place Pentaphyllon or Cinquefoyle groweth low and in shadowie places sometimes also by water sides especially the redde kinde whiche is onely founde in diches or aboute diches of standing water †The Tyme Cinquefoyle floureth in May but chiefly in Iune †The Names Cinquefoyle is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine in Shoppes Pentaphyllum and Quinquefolium in Italian Cinquefolio in Spanish Cinco en rama in English Cinquefoyle or Sinkefoyle of some Fyueleaued grasse or Fiuefingred grasse in French Quintefueille in high Douch Funfffingerkraut Funffblat in base Almaigne Vijfvingercruyt †The Nature Cinquefoyle is dry in the thirde degree †The Vertues The roote of Synkefoyle boyled in water vntill the thirde parte be consumed doth appease the aking and raging payne of the teeth Also if one hold in his mouth the decoction of the same and the mouth be well wasshed therewithall it cureth the sores and vlcers of the same The same decoction of the roote of Sinkefoyle dronken cureth the bloudy flixe and all other fluxe of the bellie and stancheth all excessiue bleeding and is good against the goute Sciatica The roote boyled in vineger doth mollifie and appeace fretting and consuming sores and dissolueth wennes and colde swellings it cureth euilfauored nayles and the inflammation and swelling about the siege and all naughtie scuruinesse if it be applied thereto The iuyce of the roote being yet yong and tender is good to be dronken against the disseases of the Liuer the Lunges and al poyson The leaues dronken in honied water or wine wherein some Pepper hath bene mengled cureth Tertian and Quartaine feuers And dronken after the same maner by the space of thirtie dayes it helpeth the falling sicknesse The leanes pound layde too healeth filine burstings or the falling doune of the bowelles or other mater into the Coddes and mengled with salte and Hony they close vp woundes Fistulas and spreading vlcers The iuyce of the leaues dronken doth cure the Iaunders and comforte the Lyuer Of Tormentill / or Setfoyle Chap. lvij †The Description TOrmentill is much like vnto Sinckefoyle it hath slender stalkes rounde and tender fiue of sixe springing vp out of one roote and creeping by the ground The leaues be small fiue or most commonly seuen growing vpon a stem much like the leaues of Sinckefoyle and euery leafe is likewise snipte and dented rounde about the edges The floures be yellow much like the floures of wilde Tansie and Sinckefoyle The roote is browne redde and thicke †The Place Tormentill groweth in low darke shadowy woodes in greene wayes †The Tyme It floureth oftētimes al the somer long †The Names This herbe is now called in Shoppes and in Latine Tormentilla and of some in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Septifolium in English Setfoyle and Tormentill in French Tormentille Souchet de bois in high Douch Tormentill Brickwurtz and Rot Heylwurtz in base Almaigne Tormētille The markes and notes of this herbe do approche very neare to the description of Chrysogonum †The Nature It dryeth in the third degree †The Vertues The leaues of Tormentill with their roote boyled in wine or the iuyce thereof dronken prouoketh sweate and by that meanes it driueth out all venim from the harte moreouer they are very good to be eaten or dronken against all poyson and against the plague or pestilence The same vertue hath the dryed rootes to be made in pouder and dronker in wine Tormentilla Also the roote of Tormentill made into pouder dronken in wine whan one hath no feuer or with the water of a Smythes forge or water wherein Iron or hoate burning steele hath bene often quenched whan one hath a feuer cureth the blouddy flixe al other fluxes or laskes of the belly It stoppeth the spitting of bloud the pissing of bloud and the superfluouse rūning of womens floures all other kindes of fluxe or issue of bloud The Decoction of the leaues roote of Tormentill or the iuyce of the same dronken is good for all woundes both inwardly and outwardly it doth also open and heale the stoppings and hurtes of the Lunges and the Lyuer and is good against the Iaunders The roote of the same made into pouder and tempered or knoden with the white of an Egge and eaten stayeth the desire to vomitte and is good against the dissease called Choler or Melancholy The same boyled in water and afterward the mouth being wasshed therewithall cureth the noughtie vlcers and sores of the same Of Strawberries Chap. lviij †The Description THe Strawberrie with his small and slender hearie branches creepeth alongst the ground and taketh roote and holde fast in diuers places of the ground like Sinckefoyle the leaues also are somewhat like Sinckfoyle for they be likewise cut and snipte round about neuerthelesse it bringeth forth but onely three leaues growing togither vpon each hearie stem or footestalke The floures be white yellow in the middel somewhat after the fasshiō of Cinquefoyle the whiche being past it beareth a pleasant round fruite greene at the firste but redde whan it is rype sometimes also ye shall finde them very white whan they be ripe in taste and sauour very pleasant †The Place Strawberies growe in shaddowy wooddes deepe trenches and bankes by high way sides They be also muche planted in gardens †The Tyme The Strawbery floureth in Aprill and the frute is ripe in Iune †The Names The Strawbery is called in Latine Fragaria Fragula in English Strawbery Strawbery plante in French Fraisier in high Douch Erdtheerē kraut in base Almaigne Eerdtbesiencruyt The frute is called in Latine Fraga in French Des fraises in high Douch Erdtbeer in base Almaigne Eerdtbesien Fragaria †The Nature The Strawbery plante or herbe with the greene and vnripe Strawberies are colde dry The ripe Strawberies are colde and moyst †The Vertues The Decoction of the Strawbery plante dronken stoppeth the laske the superfluouse course of womens floures The same decoction holden kept in the mouth comforteth the gummes cureth the naughtie vlcers and sores of the mouth auoydeth the stinking of the same The iuyce of the leaues cureth the rednesse of the face Strawberies quench thirst the cōtinual vse of them is very good for them that feele great heate in their stomacke Of Siluer weede / or wilde Tansie Chap. lix †The Description THe wilde Tansie is much like to the Strawbery plante and Cinquefoyle in his small and slender branches and in his creeping alongst and hanging fast to the grounde his stalkes be also small and tender The leaues be long deepely cut euen harde to
Plantayne in high Douch Mittel and breyter Wegrich in basé Almaigne Breet wechbree The thirde is called of some in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say in Latine Quinqueneruia otherwise it is now called in Latine Lanceolata and Lanceola in English Ribbeworte in French Petit Plantain Lanceole and Lanceolette in high Douch Spitzer wegrich in base Almaigne Cleyn wechbree Hontsribbe We call the fourth Plantago marina in English Sea Plantayne in French Plantain de mer in base Almaigne Zee Wechbree †The Nature Plantayne is colde and dry in the second degree †The Vertues The leaues of Plantayne eaten with meates or otherwise are very good against the falling downe of Reumes Catarres they comfort the Stomacke and are good for such as haue the Phthisike which is a dissease in the lunges with a consumption of all the body And against the Cough The Decoction of leaues of Plantayne dronken stoppeth the blouddy flixe and other fluxes of the belly also it stoppeth the spitting of bloud the pissing of bloud and the superfluous flowing of womens termes and all other issue of bloud The iuyce of Plantayne dronken stoppeth and appeaseth the great desire to vomitte and stancheth all fluxe of bloud aswell as the leaues and seede The roote of Plantayne by himself or with his seede boyled in sweete wine and dronken openeth the Conduytes or passages of the Lyuer and Kidneys being stopped and is good against the Iaunders and the vlceration of the kidneys and bladder Some haue writen that three rootes of Plantayne taken with wine and water doth cure the Feuer tertian and foure rootes so taken do cure the Feuer quartayne The vse of Plantayne is good against all euill corrupt and running sores and vlcers and against woundes both old and new all hoate empostems and inflammations against Cankers Fistulas the foule euill or French Pockes and all scuruinesse It is good against the byting of Madde Dogs to bruse the leaues of Plantayne and lay therevpon or to poure of the iuyce of Plantayne into the woundes or if it be mixed with emplaysters and oyntments that be made for such purpose The leaues of Plantayne do asswage and mitigate the paine of the Goute and are excellent to be layde vpon swollen members that are full of heate and payne or anguish The iuyce of Plantayne dropped or stilled into the eares is very good against the payne in the same And to be dropped into the eyes against the inflammation and payne of the eyes The same iuyce or the Decoction of the leaues or rootes of Plantayne do cure and heale the naughtie Vlcers of the mouth the tooth ache and the bleeding of the gummes or Iawes whan the mouth is oftentimes wasshed with the same The leaues of Plantayne pounde or stamped with salte and layde to the empostems wennes or harde swellings about the eares and throte cureth the same The roote also is good to be carried or hanged about the necke for the same purpose as some men wryte Of Buckhorne Plantayne / or Coronop Plantayne Chap. lxiiij †The Kyndes THere is founde in this countrey at this present two kindes of herbes both comprehended vnder the name of Crowfoote †The Description THe first Crowfoote or Hartshorne hath long narrow and hearie leaues bringeth forth vpon each side of the leafe three or foure shore startes or branches almost like to the branches of a Hartes horne It lieth spread vpon the ground like a starre Frō the middle of those leaues groweth vp small round hearie stemmes bearing long spiked knappes or torches like the middle Plantayne The roote is long and threddy Pseudocoronopus Buckhorne Plantayne Coronopus Ruellij Coronopispecies peregrina The second crowfoote hath three or foure stemmes or branches creeping vpon the ground alwayes lying flat vpon the earth but neuer mounting or rising higher are set full of long narrow iagged leaues much like to the leaues of the other Crowfoote Plantayne but smaller and nothing hearie The floures be small white growing betwixt the leaues the stalke well fastened to the stēme whan they are decayed there cōmeth forth small flat purses broade rough in whiche the seede is conteyned The roote is white of the length of ones fingar in tast lyke to garden Cressis One may also place amongst the kinds of Coronopus a certayne herbe whiche we shall now offer vnto you the which is a stranger but little knowen in this countrey seing that it is very well like to Harteshorne The leaues be long narrow branched with shorte startes altogither like to the leaues of Hartes horne sauing that sometimes they be bigger They lie also flat spread round vpon the ground and are somewhat rough hearie like the leaues of Hartes horne so that it is harde to know one from an other whan they are both without stalkes and floures But whan this herbe beginneth to haue stalkes and floures than the difference is easily marked for this herbe bringeth forth two or three rounde stalkes parted into sundry branches at the toppe whereof are placed knoppes and buttons like to Cyanus or Corne floure sauing that the scales of the knappes or heades be not so closely couched and layde one vpon an other the sayde scales seeme cleare and thorough shining especially whan the floure is fallen of and withered The floures come forth of the sayde knops or heads in colour and making like the floures of Cychorie but smaller The roote is long and slender †The Place The first kinde groweth in Brabant Flaunders in vntilled sandy places The second also groweth about wayes and dry sandy pathes and vpon bankes and rampiers especially in certayne places about Antwarpe where as it groweth so plentifully that almost one shall see none other herbe The third which is a strange herbe groweth not of his owne kinde in this countrey but it is planted in gardens It groweth plentifully in Languedock in stony and dry places ⧠The Tyme The two first kindes do floure in May and Iune The third floureth in Iuly and August †The Names The first is called in Latine Cornu ceruinum or Herba Stellae and Stellaria in English of Turner and Cooper Herbe Iue and Crowfoote Plantayne of Pena Buckhorne We may also call it Hartes horne Plantayne Buckehorne Plantayne or Coronop Plantayne it is called in French Corne de Cerf or Dent au chien it is vnknowen in Shoppes The Brabanders do call it Hertshoren and Crayenuoet cruyt Some late writers call it in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Pes cornicis in high Douch Kraenfuz supposing it to be the same Coronopus whiche Dioscorides hath described in the. 123. Chap. of his second booke although in deede they be not like at all And therefore we haue called it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pseudocoronopus that is to say Bastard Crowfoote The second kinde draweth neare to the description of Coronopus made by Dioscorides albeit that notwithstanding
be Polygonon of Dioscorides but for one of the foure kindes of Polygonon whereof Plinie hath writen in the xxvij booke of his History †The Nature All these herbes are colde in the second degree and dry in the thirde astringent and making thicke †The Vertues The iuyce of knotgrasse dronke is good against the spitting of bloud the pissing of bloud and all other fluxe or issue of bloud and is good against vomiting and laskes The same dronken in wine helpeth against the biting of venemouse beasts It is also good against tertian feuers to be dronken an houre before the fit The leaues of knotgrasse boyled in wine or water and dronken stayeth all maner of laskes and fluxes of the belly The bloudy flixe and womens floures the spitting of bloud and all fluxe of bloud aswell as the iuyce The iuyce of knotgrasse put with a Pessarie into the naturall places of women stoppeth the floures and the inordinate course of the same and put into the Nose it stancheth the bleeding of the same poured into the eares it taketh away the payne of the same and dryeth vp the corrupt matter and filth of the same The same boyled in wine and Honie cureth the vlcers and inflammations of the priuie or secrete partes The greene leaues being layde too preuayle much against the great heate burning of the stomacke hoate swellings empostems the consuming burning of S. Anthonies fire and all greene or fresshe woundes Dioscorides also saith that Knotgrasse prouoketh vrine is good for such as pisse drop after droppe the whiche is founde true whan the vrine is hoate and sharpe The female Knotgrasse hath the same vertue as the male Knotgrasse as Dioscorides saith but not so strong And the third kinde also his vertues be much like to the Male knotgrasse Of Horse tayle / or Shauegrasse Chap. lxviij †The Kindes THere be twoo sortes of Horse tayle or Shauegrasse as Dioscorides and Plinie writeth †The Description WHan the great Shauegrasse or Horse tayle beginneth to spring it bringeth foorth rounde naked and hollow stemmes rough and full of ioyntes yea their roughnesse is such that Turners Cutelers other Artificers do vse them to polish make playne smoth their workes as the heftes of knyues Daggers c. At the top of those Asparagus shutes or stemmes groweth smal round and blacke knoppes or tuffets Afterwarde the stemmes do waxe browne and reddishe and bringe foorth rounde about euery knot or ioynte diuers little small slender and knottie russhes It mounteth so high that with his hanging russhes or small branches it is not much vnlyke to a Horse tayle The roote is white and hath ioyntes or knottes lyke the stalke or stemme Maioris Equiseti asparagus The. j. springs or shutes of Horsetayle or shauegrasse Equisetum minus Smal shauegrasse or Horsetayle Equiseti minoris flores The floures of smal Shauegrasse or Horsetayle The small Shauegrasse or Horse tayle is not much vnlike to the great It bringeth forth whan it beginneth to spring bare and naked stemmes that be also round hollow and knotty at the toppe or ende of those stemmes it hath as it were a spiked eare or knop of small white floures whiche perish incontinently Than springeth vp from the roote other shutes or branches full of knottes or ioyntes about the whiche also there groweth round knotty russhes like as in the great Horse tayle or Shauegrasse but not so great nor so rough but more softe and gentell so that they are nothing worth to polishe withall The roote is small blacke and slender †The Place The great Shauegrasse groweth in diches and pondes and very moyst places The small Horsetayle or Shauegrasse groweth in low shadowy places and also in dry sandie fieldes †The Tyme The naked stēmes of the great Horsetayle do spring vp in May. The shutes and blossoms of the small Horsetayle do spring in Aprill shortly after cōmeth vp the stemmes set full of small russhes †The Names These herbes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Equisetū Equiseta Equiselis Equinalis and Salix Equina in Shoppes Cauda equina in Italiā Asprella Codo di cauallo prela in Spanish Cola de mula Rabo de mula in English Horse tayle and Shauegrasse in highe Douch Schaffthew in base Almaigne Peertsteert The greater kinde is called Equisetum maius of some Asprella in English great Shauegrasse and Horse tayle in high Douch grosz Schaffthew Roszschwātz Pferdtschwantz Roszwadel Kannenkraut in base Almaigne groot Peertsteert and Kannencruyt The small is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Equisetum minus aut alterum and Equitium And of some as Anthonius Musa writeth Sceuola in English smal Shauegrasse and of some Tadpipes in high Douch kleyn Schaffthew Katzenwedel Ratzenschwantz Katzen saghel in base Almaigne cleyn Peertsteert and Cattensteert Equisetum maius The great Shauegrasse or Horse tayle †The Nature These two Shauegrasses or Horse tayles are colde in the first degree and dry in the second astringent and drying without sharpnesse ⧠The Vertues The decoction of Horse tayle in wine or water dronken stoppeth all fluxe of bloud al other extraordinary fluxes especially the inordinate issue of floures it doth also cure the bloudy flixe and dangerous laske and all other kinde of laskes And for all the aforesayde entents it is a soueraigne remedie as Galen writeth The iuyce of this herbe dronken alone or with wine is of the same operation and effect Horse tayle or Shauegrasse being taken in manner aforesayde is most cōuenient and profitable for all vlcers sores and hurtes of the kidneys the bladder and bowels and against all burstings Horse tayle with his roote boyled is good against the Cough the difficultie and payne of fetching breath and against inwarde burstings as Dioscorides and Plinie writeth The iuyce thereof put into the Nose stancheth the bleeding of the same and with a Pessarie or Mother Subpository conueyed into the naturall places of women stoppeth the floures The same pounde and strowed vpon freshe and greene woundes ioyneth them togither and healeth them also it preserueth them from inflammation And so dothe the powder of the same herbe dryed and strowed vpon new and greene woundes Of white Roote / Solomons seale Chap. lxix ⧠The Kindes WHite roote or Salomons seale is of two sortes The one called the great or broade Seale of Salomon The other is the small and narrow Salomons seale Polygonatum latifolium Broade leaued white roote Polygonatum angustifolium Narrow leaued white roote †The Description THe great Salomons seale hath long roūd stalkes the leaues be long and greene larger longer softer then bay leaues betwixt the whiche leaues and the stalke vpon short stemmes hang pleasant white greene floures long and hollow three or foure togither so that euery stalke doth commonly bring forth moe floures than leaues The floures perisshed they turne into rounde bearies
beareth a flower altogither of a pleasant yellow colour Bulbosa Iris. ⧠The Place The first kinde is founde in Englande The other twayne growe in Spayne and Portingale †The Tyme The flowers of these strange plantes doo shewe them selues commonly in Iune in base Almaigne where as they are scantly knowen or hardly founde sauing in the gardens of some diligent Herboristes †The Names This flower is called now in Latine Bulbosa Iris bycause it hath a Bulbus roote and a flower lyke Ireos But it seemeth to be Apuleius Bulbus called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Hieribulbus they call this plante in Spayne especially that with the yellowe flower Reilla Buen and we may call it Bulbus Ireos in English †The Nature and Vertues The nature of this kinde of Bulbus or flower with his vertues are not yet knowen bycause there is no experience made of it as yet Of the yellowe wilde Ireos / or Flower Deluce Chap. xli †The Description THe wild yellow Iris or flower Deluce hath long narrowe flagges or blades almost lyke to the right Iris or garden flagge but a great deale longer and narrower very lyke to the blade of a long and narrowe double edged sworde The stalkes be rounde smooth and holow at the toppe whereof groweth the yellowe flower with the three leaues hanging downewardes like to the gardē flower Deluce three mounting vpwardes but they are smaller thē the leaues that hāg downewardes Whē they are past there come vp thicke triangled coddes or huskes in which is conteyned large yellow seede The roote is thicke spreadeth here and there and sometimes it hath other small rootes hanging by it and many threddy strings of a fleshly colour within and of a rough astringent or binding taste ¶ The Place This wilde yellowe Iris groweth in moyst places and low medowes and in the borders and brinkes of Riuers pondes and lakes very common in England Flaunders other Countries Pseudoiris Lutea †The Tyme This flower Deluce or wilde Iris flowreth in May and Iune ¶ The Names The wilde yellow Iris is nowe called in Latine Pseudoiris Lutea and of some Syluestris Iris lutea it hath bene called in Shoppes Acoron and hath ben taken in medicine for the same not without great errour losse and danger of the sicke as it is of diuers learned men now very wel noted and for that cause it is also called Pseudoacorus that is to say false or bastarde Acorus in Douch Geel Schwertel geel wald Schwertel Drakenwurtz in base Almaigne Geel wilt Lisch and Boxe boonen in French Glayeul bastarde Flambe bastarde in Englishe the yellow wilde Iris the yellow flower Deluce Wilde flagges water flagges and Lauers or Leuers ¶ The Nature The yellowe bastarde Iris his roote is colde and drie in the thirde degree of astringent or binding facultie lyke to the rootes of Tormentill Bistorte †The Vertues The roote of yellowe flower Deluce or bastarde Iris boyled in water and bronken stoppeth the bloody flixe and other fluxes of the belly and stoppeth blood from whence so euer it floweth womens flowers in what sort soeuer it be taken yea if it be ministred but outwardly onely eyther in playsters or in bathes Of the white Lillie Chap. xlij †The Description THe white Lillie his leaues be long and broade and somewhat thicke or fat amongst the which springeth vp a straight stemme or stalke of three foote long or more set and garnished with leaues from the roote to the toppe which by litle and litle as they grow vp toward the top do waxe smaller smaller In the top of the sayd garnished stemme growe the pleasant beautiful white and sweete smelling Lillies diuided into sixe small long and narrowe leaues whiche haue in the outsyde of euery leafe a certayne strake or ribbe but within they are altogither of an excellent shynyng pure white colour bending somewhat backwardes at the top in the middle amongst these leaues ther hang vpō sixe very smal stems sixe smal yellow pointes or litle markes as it were tongues in the middle amongst these also there groweth another long vpright and triangled stemme thicker then the rest and lyke to the Clapper of a Bell. The roote is lyke to a great Onyon or rather a garlike head compacte and made of diuers cloues or kernelles ¶ The Place The white Lillies be very common not only in this Countrie but in all places els where in gardens Lilium Candidum c. †The Tyme This kinde of Lillies doth flower at the beginning of Iune or there about †The Names The white Lillie is called of the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the plante is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It is called in Latine Lilium and Rosa lunonis in Shoppes Lilium album in Italian Giglio and Giglio biancho in Spanish Azucena in Douche Weisz Gilgen or weisz Lilgen in Frenche Lys blanc †The cause of the Name Constantine writeth this of the Lillie that when Iupiter had begotten Hercules vpon Alcumena and being desyrous to make him immortall he carryed him to sucke Iuno his wife whiles she was sleeping and when he perceiued the childe to haue suckt his fyll he drewe him from her breast by meanes whereof there fell great store of mylke from the breastes of Iuno the greatest parte whereof was spilt in heauen and fell vppon the Skies whereof the signe and marke remayneth at this day that is to say that white and milkie way that goeth through heauen from the North to the South called in Latine Via lactea The rest fell vpon the earth whereof sprang these Lillies in the floures whereof there remayneth the very whitenesse of the sayde milke and hereof it came to passe that this floure was called in Latine Iunonis rosa that is to say Iunos rose †The Nature The floures of the white Lillie are hoate and partely of a subtile substance The roote is dry in the first degree and hoate in the second †The Vertues The roote of the white Lillie sodde in honied water and dronken dryueth forth by the siege all corruption of bloud as Plinie sayeth The same rosted or pounde and well mengled with oyle of Roses doth soften the hardnesse of the Matrix prouoketh the monethly termes being layde therevpon The same pounde with Hony ioyneth togither sinewes that are cut consumeth or scoureth away the vlcers of the head called Achores and cureth all maner of naughtie scuruinesse aswell of the head as of the face and is good to be layde to all dislocations or places out of ioynt The roote of the white Lillie mengled with vineger or the leaues of Henbane or Barley meale cureth the tumors and impostems of the genitors The same boyled in vineger causeth the Cornes which be in the feete to fall of if it be kepte vpon the sayde Cornes as a playster by the space of three
is like to the abouesayde in his leaues stalkes and roote but that his floures are not fasshioned like spykie eares growing at the toppes of the stalkes but they compasse grow round about the stalkes like whorles or garlandes like to the Curled or Crispe Mynte Menta satiua prima Curlde Mynte Menta satiua secunda Crispe Mynte or Crispe Balme Menta satiua tertia Spere Mynte or right garden Mynte The second wilde kinde whiche is the sixth in number of the Myntes and called water Mynte is much like vnto the Curlde Mynte in his stalkes leaues and creeping rootes sauing that his leaues stalkes be greater of stronger sauour The floures be purple growing at the top of the stalkes in small tuftes or knoppes like round bullets †The Place The garden Myntes are founde in this countrie in gardens especially the Curlde Mynte the which is most common and best knowen The wilde kindes do growe in lowe moyst places as neare vnto springs and on the brinkes of ditches ⧠The Tyme All the sortes of Myntes do floure most commonly in August †The Names The garden Mynte is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in Shoppes Mentha in Spanish Yerua Ortelana yerua buena in English Myntes in French Mente in high Douch Munte The first kind is called in high Douch Deyment and Kraunszdyment that is to say Curlde Mynte in French Mente crespue in base Almaigne Bruyn heylighe The second is also called of the high Douchmen Krausmuntz and Krauszbalsam that is to say in French Baulme crespu in English Crispe Baulme or Crispe Mynte also Crosse Mynte in base Almaigne Cruysmunte and of some also Heylighe The third kinde is called at this time in the Shoppes of this countrey Menta Sarracenica Menta Romana in English Spere Mynte or the cōmon garden Mynte also of some Baulme Mynte in French du Baulme and Mente Romayne in high Douch Balsam Muntz vnser frauwen Muntz Spitz muntz Spitzbalsam in base Almaigne Roomsche munte and Balsem munte Menta satiua quarta Harte Mynte Mentastrum Horse Mynte Sisymbrium Water Mynte The fourth kinde is called in high Douch Hertzkraut that is to say Harte wurte or Harte Mynte in French Herbe de cueur of the later wryters in Latine Menta Romana angustifolia Flore coronata siue Cardiaca Mentha The fifth wilde kinde which is the fifth kinde of Mynte is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Mentastrum and of the newe writers Menta aquatica in English Horse Mynte in French Mente Cheualine ou sauuage in high Douche Katzenbalsam Roszmuntz wilder Balsam wild Muntz in base Almaigne Witte water Munte The seconde wilde kynde whiche is the sixthe Mynte is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Sisymbrium and of Damegeron Scimbron as Constantine the Emperour witnesseth in English Fisshe Mynte Brooke Mynte Water Mynte and white water Mynte in French Mente Aquatique in high Douch Fischmuntz Wassermuntz in base Almaigne Roo munte and Roo water munte †The Nature All the kindes of Myntes whiles they are greene are hoate and dry in the second degree but dried they are hoate in the thirde degree especially the wild kindes whiche are hoater then the garden Myntes †The Vertues Garden Mynte taken in meate or drinke is very good and profitable for the stomacke for it warmeth and strengtheneth the same and drieth vp all superfluous humors gathered in the same it appeaseth and cureth all the paynes of the stomacke and causeth good digestion Two or three branches of Myntes dronken with the iuyce of soure Pomegranets do swage and appease the Hicquet or yeoxe and vomiting and it cureth the cholerique Passion otherwise called the felonie that is whan one doth vomit continually and hath a laske withall The iuyce of Myntes drōken with vineger stayeth the vomiting of bloud and killeth the rounde wormes The same boyled in water and drōken by the space of three dayes togither cureth the gryping payne and knawing in the belly with the colique and stoppeth the inordinate course of the menstruall issue Mynte boyled in wine and dronken easeth women which are tomuch grieued with harde and perillous trauell in childebaring Mynte mengled with parched Barley meale and layde vnto tumors and sweuings doth wast and consume them Also the same layde to the forehead cureth headache It is very good to be applied vnto the breastes that are stretched foorth and swollen and full of milke for it slaketh and softeneth the same and keepeth the mylke from quarring and crudding in the brest The same being very well pounde with Salte is a speciall medicine to be applied vpon the biting of madde Dogges The iuyce of Mynte mengled with honied water cureth the payne of the eares being dropped therein and taketh away the asperitie and roughnesse of the tongue whan it is rubbed or wasshed therewith The sauour or sent of Mynte reioyceth man wherefore they sow strow the wilde Mynte in this countrie in places whereas feastes are kepte and in Churches The Horse Mynte called Mentastrum hath not bene vsed of the Auncients in medicine The water Mynte is diuers wayes of the lyke operation vnto the garden Mynte it cureth the trenches or gryping payne in the small of the bellie or bowels it stayeth the yeoxe or hicket and vomyting and appeaseth headache to be vsed for the same purpose as the garden Mynte It is also singuler against the grauell and stone of the kydneys and against the strangury whiche is whan one cannot pisse but droppe after droppe to be boyled in wine and dronke They lay is with good successe vnto the stingings of Bees and Waspes Of Calamynt Chap. Ixxv. †The Kyndes THere be three sortes of Calamynt described of the Auncient Gretians each of them hauing a seuerall name and difference Calaminthae alterum genus Corne Mynte or wilde Pennyryall Calaminthae tertium genus Catmynte †The Description THE first kinde whiche may be called Mountayne Calamynte hath harde square stalkes couered with a certayne hoare or fine Cotton The leaues be somwhat like the leaues of Basill but they are rougher The floures grow onely by one side of the stalke amongst the leaues somtimes three or foure vpon a stem of a blewishe colour the roote is threddy This herbe altogither is not much vnlike the secōd kinde of Calamynte sauing it is greater the stalkes be harder and the leaues be rougher and blacker and it creepeth not alongst the grounde but groweth vp from the yearth The second kinde which is called wild Pennyryall hath also square stalkes couered with softe Cotton almost creeping by the ground hauing euer two and two leaues standing one against an other small and softe not much vnlike the leaues of Penny royall sauing they are larger whiter The floures grow about the stalkes in knoppes like to whorles or garlandes of a blewishe purple colour The roote is small and threddie The thirde kinde whiche is called
the learned Ruellius Foeniculum Fenell †The Place Fenell groweth in this countrie in gardens †The Tyme It floureth in Iune and Iuly and the seede is ripe in August †The Names The first kynde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of Actuarius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in Shoppes Foeniculum in Englishe Fenell in Italian Finochio in Spanish Finicho in French Fenoil in high Douch Fenchel in base Almaigne Venckel The seconde kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Foeniculum erraticum that is to say wilde Fenell and great Fenell and of some Fenell Giant †The Nature Fenell is hoate in the thirde degree and dry in the first †The Vertues The greene leaues of Fenell eaten or the seede thereof dronken with Ptisan filleth wemens breastes or dugges with milke The decoction of the crops of Fenel drōken easeth the payne of the kidneys causeth one to make water to auoyde the stone bringeth downe the floures The roote doth the like the which is not only good for the intentes aforesayd but also against the Dropsie to be boyled in wine and dronken The leaues and seede of Fenell dronken with wine is good agaynst the stingings of Scorpions and the bitings of other wicked venimous beastes Fenell or the seede dronken with water asswageth the payne of the stomacke and the wambling or desire to vomite which such haue as haue the Ague The herbe the seede and the roote of Fenell are very good for the Lunges the Liuer and the kidneys for it openeth the obstructions or stoppings of those partes and comforteth them The rootes pounde and layde too with honie are good against the bytings of madde Dogges The leaues pounde with vineger are good to be layde to the disease called the wilde fire and all hoate swellings and if they be stamped togither with waxe it is good to be layde to bruses and stripes that are blacke and blewe Fenell boyled in wine or pounde with oyle is very good for the yearde or secrete parte of man to be eyther bathed or stued or rubbed and anoynted with the same The iuyce of Fenell dropped into the eares killeth the wormes breeding in the same And the sayde iuyce dryed in the Sunne is good to be put into Collyres and medicines prepared to quicken the sight Of Dill. Chap. xc †The Description DIll hath rounde knottie stalkes full of bowghes branches of a foote halfe or two foote long The leaues be all to iagged or frenged with small threddes not much vnlike to fenel leaues but a great deale harder and the strings or thredes therof are greater The floures be yellow grow in round spokie tuffets or rundels at the toppe of the stalkes like Fenell whan they are vanisshed there cōmeth the seede whiche is small and flat the roote is white and it dieth yearely †The Place They sowe Dill in al gardens amōgst wortes and Pot herbes †The Tyme It floureth in Iune and Iuly †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in the Shoppes Anethum in English Dil in Italian Anetho in Spanish Eueldo Endros in French Aneth in high Douch Dyllen Hochkraut in base Almaigne Dille †The Nature Dill is almost hoate in the thirde degree and dry in the second Anethum †The Vertues The decoction of the toppes and croppes of Dill with the seede boyled in water and dronken causeth wemen to haue plentie of Milke It driueth away ventositie or windinesse and swageth the blasting griping torment of the belly it stayeth vomiting and laskes and prouoketh vrine to be taken as is aforesayde It is very profitable against the suffocation or strangling of the Matrix if ye cause wemen to receyue the fume of the decoction of it thorough a close stole or hollow seate made for the purpose The seede thereof being well chauffed and often smelled vnto stayeth the yexe or hiquet The same burned or parched taketh away the swelling lumpes and riftes or wrincles of the tuell or fundement if it be layde thereto The herbe made into axsen doth restrayne close vp and heale moyste vlcers especially those that are in the share or priuie partes if it be strowed thereon Dill boyled in oyle doth digest and resolue and swageth payne prouoketh carnall luste and ripeth all rawe and vnripe tumors †The Daunger If one vse it to often it diminisheth the sight and the seede of generation Of Anyse Chap. xci ⧠The Description ANise hath leaues like to yong Persley that is new sprong vp his stalkes be rounde and hollow his leaues at the first springing vp are somewhat round but afterwarde it hath other leaues cut and clouen like to the leaues of Persley but a great deale smaller whiter At the toppe of the stalkes groweth diuers faire tuftes or spokie rundels with white floures like to the tuftes of the smal Saxifrage or of Coriandre After the floures are past there cōmeth vp seede which is whitish and in smell and taste sweete and pleasant †The Place Anise groweth naturally in Syria Candie Now one may find good store sowen in the gardens of Flaūders and Englande †The Tyme It floureth in Iune and Iuly †The Names Anise is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in Shoppes Anisum in Italian Semenze de Anisi ▪ in Spanish Matahalua yerua doce in high Douch Anisz in base Almaigne Anijs †The Nature The Anise seede the whiche onely is vsed in Medicine is hoate and dry in the thirde degree Anisum †The Vertues Anise seede dissolueth the windinesse and is good against belching and vpbreaking and blasting of the stomacke and bowels it swageth the paynes and griping torment of the belly it stoppeth the laske it causeth one to pisse and to auoyde the stone if it be taken dry or with wine or water and it remoueth the hicquet or yeox not onely whan it is dronken and receyued inwardly but also with the onely smell and sauour It cureth the blouddie flixe and stoppeth the white issue of wemen and it is very profitably giuen to such as haue the dropsie for it openeth the pypes and conduits of the Liuer and stancheth thirst Annise seede plentifully eaten stirreth vp fleshly lust and causeth wemen to haue plenty of Milke The seede chewed in the mouth maketh a sweete mouth and easie breath amendeth the stench of the mouth The same dried by the fier and taken with Hony clenseth the breast from flegmatique superfluities and if one put therevnto bitter Amandes it cureth the olde Cough The same dronken with wine is very good against al poyson and the stinging of Scorpions and biting of all other venimous beastes It is singuler to be giuen to infants or yong children to eate that be in danger to haue the falling sicknesse so that such as do but only hold it in their hāds as saith Pythagoras shall be no
more in perill to fall into that euill It swageth the squināce that is to say the swelling of the throte to be gargled with Hony Vineger and Hyssope The seede thereof bounde in a little bagge or handecarcheff and kept at the Nose to smell vnto keepeth men from dreaming and starting in their sleepe causeth them to rest quietly The perfume of it taken vp into the Nose cureth head ache The same pounde with oyle of Roses and put into the eares cureth the inwarde hurtes or woundes of the same Of Ameos / or Ammi Chap. xcij. †The Kindes AMeos is of two sortes according to the opinion of the Physitions of our time that is the great Ameos and the small ⧠The Description THe great Ameos hath a rounde greene stalke with diuers bowes braunches the leaues be large and long parted into diuers other little long narrow leaues and dented rounde aboute At the top of the stalke there groweth white starlike floures in great rundels or spokie tuftes the whiche bringeth forth a small sharpe and bitter seede The roote is white and threddie The small Ameos is an herbe very small and tender of a foote long or somwhat more The stalke is small tender The first and oldest leaues are long and very much cut and clouen round aboute The vpper leaues draw towards the proportion of the leaues of Fenell or Dill but yet for all that they are smaller At the toppe of the stalke there groweth also in spoky littell tuffets or rundels the small little white floures the whiche afterwarde do turne into small gray seede hoate and sharpe in the mouth The roote is little and small †The Place These two herbes grow not in this countrie of themselues without they be sowen in the gardens of Herborists Neuerthelesse whereas they haue bene once sowen they grow yearely of the seede whiche falleth of it selfe †The Tyme They floure in Iuly and August and shortely after they yeelde their seede †The Names The first kinde is called in Shoppes Ameos by whiche name it is knowen in this countrie The same as we thinke is the right 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ammi described by Dioscorides who calleth it also Cuminum Aethiopicum Cuminum regium as Ruellius saith Cuminum Alexandrinum The small is taken of diuers of the learned writers in our dayes for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ammi and therefore we haue placed it in this Chapter Ammi commune Great Ameos Ammi paruum Small Ameos †The Nature The seede of Ameos is hoate and dry in the third degree †The Vertues The seede of Ameos is very good against the griping payne and tormēt of the belly the hoatepisse and the strangurie if it be dronken in wine It bringeth to wemen their naturall termes and the perfume thereof togither with Rosin and the kernels of Raysons strowed vpō quicke coales mundifieth and clenseth the Mother if the same be taken in some hollow vessell or close stoole It is good to be dronken with wine agaynst the bytings of all kindes of venimous beastes they vse to mingle it with Cantharides to resist the venim of the same bycause they should not be so hurtefull vnto man as they are whan they are taken alone Ameos breyed and mengled with Hony scattereth congeled bloud and putteth away blacke blew markes whiche happen by reason of stripes or falles if it be layde too in manner of a playster †The Daunger The seede of Ameos taken in to great a quantitie taketh away the colour and bringeth such a paalnesse as is in dead bodies Of Caruwayes Chap. xciij †The Description CAruway hath a hollow straked or crested stalke with many knots or ioynts the leafe is very like to Carot leaues The floures are white and grow in tuffets or rundels bearing a small seede and sharpe vpon the tongue The roote is meetely thicke long and yellow in taste almoste like vnto the Carot †The Place Caruway groweth in Caria as Dioscorides writeth Now there is of it to be found in certayne dry medowes of Almaigne In this countrie it is sowen in gardens †The Tyme It floureth in May a yeare after the sowing thereof and deliuereth his seede in Iune and Iuly †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Careum or Carum in Shops and in Italian Carui and it tooke his name of the coūtrie of Caria whereas it groweth plentifully in English it is called Caruway and the seede Caruway seede in French Carui or Carotes in Spanishe Alcaranea Alcoronia in high Douche Weisz Kummel in base Almaigne Witte Comijn Caros †The Nature Caruway seede is hoate and dry in the thirde degree †The Vertues The Caruway seede is very good and conuenient for the stomacke and for the mouth it helpeth digestion and prouoketh vrine and it swageth and dissolueth all kinde of windinesse and blastings of the inwardes partes And to conclude it is answereable to Annis seede in operation and vertue The rootes of Caruway boyled are good to be eaten like Carottes Of Comijn Chap. xciiij †The Kyndes Comyn as Dioscorides writeth is of two sortes tame and wilde Cuminum satiuum Garden Comyn Cuminum syluestre Wilde Comyn ⧠The Description THe Garden Comyn hath a streight stem with diuers branches the leaues be all iagged and as it were thredes not much vnlike Fenell The floures grow in rundels or spokie toppes like to the toppes of Anyse Fenell and Dill. The seede is browne and long The wilde Comyn as Dioscorides saith hath a brittle stalke of a span lōg vpon whiche groweth foure or fiue leaues all iagged snipt or dented rounde about and it is not yet knowen The other wilde kinde whereof Dioscorides writeth shal be hereafter described in the lxxxvj Chapter amongst the Nygelles or Larke spurres †The Place The garden Comyn groweth in Ethiopia Egypte Galatia the lesser Asia Cilicia and Terentina They do also sowe it in certayne places of Almaigne but it desireth a warme and moyst grounde †The Names The common garden Comyn is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Cuminum satiuum in Shoppes Cyminum in English Comyn or Comijn in Italian Cimino in Spanish Cominos Cominhos in French Comyn in high Douch Romische Kummel and zamer Kummel in Brabante Comijn The wilde Comyn is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Syluestre Cuminum and Cuminum rusticum †The Nature The seede of Comyn is hoate and dry in the thirde degree †The Vertues Comyn scattereth and breaketh all the windinesse of the stomacke the belly the bowels and Matrix also it is singuler against the griping torment and knawings or frettings of the belly not onely to be receyued at the mouth but also to be powred into the bodie by clysters or to be layde to outwardly with Barley meale The same eaten or dronken is very profitable for suche as haue the Cough and haue taken colde and for
of Ligusticum Then there are two kindes of Ligusticum the one whiche is the right Ligusticum described by the Auncientes And the other whiche may be a bastarde or wilde kinde of Ligusticum ⧠The Description THE right Ligusticum described by Dioscorides is in his roote lyke to the first kinde of Panax it hath slender stalkes with ioyntes like vnto Dill. The leaues are lyke to the leaues of Melilot but they be softer and of a better sauour whereof the vppermost leaues are tenderest and more iagged or cut At the top of the stalkes groweth the seede in spokie tuffetes the whiche is harde and longe almost like to Fenell seede of an aromaticall or Spycie sauour and in taste sharpe and byting The roote is white and odoriferous much lyke to the roote of the first kinde of Panax Neuerthelesse it is not yet knowen in this Countrie The other herbe whiche is taken in this Countrie for Ligusticum hath great large odoriferous leaues muche iagged and cut almost lyke to the leaues of Angelica but a great deale larger fayrer and of a deeper greene colour deeper cut and more clouen The stalke is smooth rounde holowe and ioyntie of the length of a man or more with spokie rundels or tuffetes at the top of the stalkes bearing a yellow flower and a round flat broade seede larger then Dyll seede and smaller then Angelica seede The roote is long and thicke and bringeth foorth yerely newe Stemmes Ligusticum verum The right Louage Ligusticum vulgare The common Louage †The Place The right Ligusticum groweth in Liguria vppon the mount Apennian neare to the Towne or Citie of Genues and in other mountaynes there about The seconde kinde is planted in our gardens †The Tyme Louage flowreth most commonly in Iuly and August †The Names The first and right kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of Galien 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Ligusticum and of some also as Dioscorides writeth Panaces by the which name it is yet knowen in the Shoppes of Genues in the Shoppes of Flaunders they call it Siler Montanum in Englishe Louage in Frenche Liuesche and in Douch Ligusticum The seconde kinde is called in Shoppes Leuisticum and the Apothecaries vse it in steede of the right Ligusticum in Englishe Louage in Frenche Leuesse or Liuesche in Douche Liebstockel in Brabant Lauetse and Leuistock †The Nature Ligusticum is hoate and dry in the thirde degree Louage is also hoate and drye and of qualitie muche like to Ligusticum †The Vertues The roote of Ligusticum is very good for all inwarde diseases driuing away all ventositie or windinesse especially the windinesse of the stomacke and is good agaynst the byting of Serpentes and al other venimous beastes The same roote well dried and dronken with wine prouoketh vrine and the menstruall termes it hath the same vertue if it be applyed to the secrete place in a Pessarie or mother Suppositorie The seede of Ligusticum warmeth the stomacke helpeth digestion and is pleasant to the mouth and taste wherfore in times past the people of Genues dyd vse it in their meates in stede of Pepper as some do yet as witnesseth Antonius Musa The roote and seede of louage dryed and dronke in wine doth drie vp and warme the stomacke easeth trenches or griping payne of the belly driuing away the blastinges and windinesse of the same The same roote and seede do moue vrine and the naturall sicknesse of women whether they take it inwardly or whether they bathe them selues with the decoction thereof in some hollowe seate or stue To conclude the louage in facultie and vertues doth not differ much from Ligusticum and it may be vsed without error in steede thereof The distilled water of louage cleareth the sight and putteth away all spottes lentiles or frecles and rednesse of the face if it be often wasshed therewith Of Angelica Chap. cvij. †The Kyndes ANGELICA is of two sortes that is the garden and wilde Angelica †The Description THE garden Angelica hath great broade leaues diuided agayne into other leaues which are snipt and dented about much like to the highest leaues of Spondilium or Douch Branck vrsine but they be tenderer longer greener and of a stronger sauour Amongst those leaues springeth vp the stalke three yeeres after the sowing of the seede the whiche stalke is thicke and ioyntie hollowe within and smelleth almost like to Petroleum At the top of the stalkes groweth certayne little felmes puffed or bolne vp lyke to small bladders or bagges out of which commeth the spokie toppes or rundels almost like vnto the tops of Fenell bearing white floures afterward great broade double seede muche greater then Dill seede and like to the seede of the thirde kinde of Sesely The roote is great and thicke blacke without white within out of which when it is hurt or cut there floweth a fat or oylie liquor like gomme of a strong smell or taste The wilde Angelica is like to that of the garden sauing that his leaues are not so deepely cut or clouen and they be narrower and blacker The stalkes be muche slenderer and shorter and the floures be whiter The roote is a great deale smaller and hath more threddie stringes and it is not by a great deale of so strong a sauour †The Place The tame Angelica is sowen and planted in the gardens of this Countrie The wilde groweth in darke shadowy places alongest by water sides and wooddes standing lowe †The Tyme The two kindes of Angelica do flower in Iuly and August Angelica Satiua Garden Angelica Angelica Syluestris Wilde Angelica †The Names This herbe is called in Englishe Angelica in Frenche Angelique in high Douch Angelick des heylighen gheistswurtzel oder Brustwurtz in the shoppes of Brabante Angelica There is yet none other name knowen to vs. †The Nature Angelica especially that of the garden is hoate and dry almost in the thirde degree ⧠The Vertues The late writers say that the rootes of Angelica are contrarie to all poyson the Pestilence and all naughtie corruption of euill or infected ayre If any body be infected with the Pestilence or plague or els is poysoned they giue him straightwayes to drinke a Dram of the powder of this roote with wine in the winter and in sommer with the distilled water of Scabiosa Carduus Benedictus or Rosewater then they bring him to bedde and couer him well vntill he haue swet well The same roote being taken fasting in the morning or but only kept or holden in the mouth doth keepe and preserue the body from the infection of the Pestilence and from all euyll ayre and poyson They say also that the leaues of Angelica pounde with the leaues of Rue and honie are very good to be layde vnto the bitinges of mad Dogges Serpentes and Vipers if incontinent after his hurt he drinke of the wine wherin the roote or leaues of Angelica haue boyled Of Horestrange or Sulphurwort Chap. cviij †The
these plantes is called of Dioscorides 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Arisarū we may also call it in English Arisaron Plinie in his xxiiij booke and xvj Chap. calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 saying there is an Aris growing in Egypt like vnto Aron but it is smaller both in leaues and roote and yet the roote is as bigge as an Olife But the other Arisaron was vnknowen of the olde writers Yet that it is also a kinde of Arisaron it is manifest aswel in the flowers fruit rootes as also in the qualities †The Nature Arisaron is of a hoater and dryer complexion than Aron as Galen writeth ⧠The Vertues Arisaron also in vertue and operation is lyke to Dragonwortes and the roote thereof is proper to cure hollowe vlcers and paynefull sores as Dioscorides writeth they also make of it Collyria and playsters good agaynst Fistulas It rotteth and corrupteth the priuie members of all liuing thinges being put therein as Dioscorides writeth Of Centorie Chap. ix †The Kyndes CEntorie as Dioscorides writeth is of two sorts that is to say the great and the smal the whiche in proportion and quantitie are muche differing one from the other †The Description THE great Centorie hath rounde stemmes of two or three Cubites long it hath long leaues diuided into sundry partes lyke vnto the walnut tree leaues sauing that these leaues are snipt dented about the edges lyke a Sawe The flowers be of small hearie threddes or thrommes of a lyght blewe purple colour and they growe out of the scalye knoppes at the toppes of the braunches the whiche knoppes or heades are rounde and somewhat swollen in the neather parte lyke to a peare or small Hartichock in whiche knoppes togyther with a certayne kinde of Downe or Cotton are founde the long rounde smoth and shining seede like the seede of Cartamus or Bastarde Saffron and our Ladyes Thistel The roote is long grosse thicke and brickle of a blackish colour without and reddish within full of iuyce of sanguin colour with sweetnesse and a certayne byting Affriction Of this great Centorie there is an other kinde whose leafe is not diuided or iagde into partes or peeces but after the manner of a Docke leafe it is long and broade single and not cut into partes yet it is nickt snipt rounde about the edges Sawe fashion The stalke is shorter than the other The flowers seede and roote is lyke the other Centaurium magnum The great Centorie Centaurium minus The smal Centorie †The Place The great Centorie delighteth in a good and fruitfull grounde and grasie hilles k playnes Dioscorides sayth it groweth in Lycia Peloponneso Arcadia Helide Messenie and in diuers places of Pholoen Smyrna that stande high and well agaynst the Sunne It is also founde vpon the mounte Garganus or Idea in the Countrie of Apuleia and in the feelde Baldus vppon the mountaynes nere Verona but that which groweth in the mount Baldus is not so good as that of Apuleia as Matthiolus writeth The single or whole leaued great Centorie groweth in Spayne and the rootes being brought to Antwarpe and hyther do sometime grow being planted in our gardens The small Centorie groweth in vntoyled feeldes and pastures but especially in dry groundes and it is common in the most places of Englande and also in Italie and Germanie †The Tyme The great Centories do flower in sommer and their rootes must be gathered in Autumne The small Centorie is gathered in Iuly and August with his flowers and seede †The Names The great Centorie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Centauriū magnum Theophrastus also calleth it Centaurida in Shoppes it is wrong named of some Rha Ponticum for Rha Ponticum is that kinde of Rha which groweth in the Countrie of Pontus and it is a plant muche differing from the great Centaurie There be also other names ascribed vnto the great Centorie which are fayned and counterfayted as Apuleius writeth wherof some seeme to apparteine to the lesser Cētorie as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is in Latine Herculis sanguis Vnefera Fel terrae Polyhydion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The smal Centorie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of Theophrastus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Centaurium paruum and Centaurium minus of some Febrifuga Fel terrae and Multiradix of the Apothecaries Centauria minor in Italie and Hetruria Biondella in Spanish Cintoria in Germanie Tausenguldenkraut in Brabant Santorie and cleyn Santorie in French Petite Centaure †The cause of the Name Centorie was called in Greeke Centaurion and Chironion after the name of Chiron the Centaure who first of all founde out these two herbes taught thē to Aesculapius as Apuleius writeth And as some other write they were so named bycause Chiron was cured with these herbes of a certayne wounde whiche he tooke being receiued as a ghest or straunger in Hercules house or lodging by letting fall on his foote one of Hercules shaftes or arrowes as he was handling and vewing of the sayde Hercules weapon and armour †The Nature The great Centorie is hoate and dry in the thirde degree also astringent The lesse or small Centorie is of complexion hoate and drie in the seconde degree ⧠The Vertues The roote of great Centorie in quantitie of two Drammes taken with water if there be a feuer in wine if there be no feuer is good for them that are bursten and for them that spet blood and agaynst the Crampe shrinking of any member the shortnesse of winde and difficultie of breathing the olde cough and griping paynes or knawinges of the belly The same dronken in wine bringeth downe the monethes or womens natural termes and expulseth the dead fruit as it doth also being conueyed in at the naturall place as a Pessarie or mother Suppositorie The greene roote of great Centorie stamped or the drie roote soked in water and brused doth ioyne togyther and heale al greene and fresh woundes being layde and applyed therevnto The iuyce of the roote the which they gather and keepe in some countries hath the lyke vertue as the roote it selfe The roote of the small or lesse Centorie is to no purpose for Medicine but the leaues flowers and iuyce of the same are very necessarie The smal Centorie boyled in water or wine purgeth downewardes Cholerique flegmatique grosse humours and therefore it is good for such as are greeued with the Sciatica if they be purged with the same vntyll the blood come It is very good agaynst the stoppinges of the liuer against the Iaundise and agaynst the hardnesse of the Melte or Splene The decoction of Centorie the lesse dronken killeth wormes and driueth them foorth by siege It is also very good against conuultions and Crampes and al the diseases of the sinewes The iuyce therof taken applied vnder in a Pessarie prouoketh the flowers and expulseth the dead childe The same with
Thistell seede The roote is great and thicke with many other smal rootes buddes vneueÌ„ly adioyning and couered with a thicke rinde or barke of a browne earthly colour without but most commonly white within is not very stroÌ„g or ranke of sauor whan it is fresh and greene but whan it is drye it is very aromaticall and hath in it a certayne fat and Oylie moysture or substance Helenium The seconde Helenium whereof Dioscorides writeth is vnknowen to vs it hath tender branches creeping alongst the grounde beset with many leaues like the pulse lentilles The roote is whitish thicke as ones little finger large aboue and narrow downewardes †The Place Elecampane delighteth in good fertill soyle as in valleyes and medowes it is also founde in hilles and shadowie wooddes but not commonly in drye groundes It is very common in England Flaunders and Brabant and very well knowen in all places The second groweth in places adioyning to the Sea and vpon litle hilles †The Tyme Elecampane flowreth in Iune and Iuly the seede is ripe in August The best time to gather the roote is at the ende of September whan it hath lost his stalkes and leaues †The Names This herbe is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Inula and Enula in Shoppes Enula Campana of some Panaces chironion or Panaces centaurion in Englishe Elecampane Scabworte and Horseheele in Frenche Enula Campana in Germanie Alantwurtz in base Almaigne Alantwortel and Galantwortel in Italian Enoa and Enola in Spanishe Raiz delalla The seconde kinde is called Helenium Aegyptiacum but yet vnknowen to men of this tyme. †The Nature Elecampane being yet greene hath a superfluous moysture whiche ought first to be consumed before it be occupied But that moysture being dryed vp it is hoate in the thirde degree and dry in the seconde †The Vertues The decoction of Elecampane dronken prouoketh vrine and womens flowers and is good for them that are greeued with inwarde burstinges or haue any member drawen togyther or shronke The roote taken with hony in an Electuarie clenseth the brest ripeth tough fleme and maketh it easie to be spet out and is good for the cough and shortnesse of breath The same made in powder and dronke is good agaynst the bytinges and stinginges of venimous beastes and agaynst windinesse and blastinges of inwarde partes A Confiture made of the sayde roote is very wholesome for the stomacke and helpeth digestion The leaues boyled in wine and layde to the place of the Sciatica swageth the payne of the same Of Spicknel Mewe / or Meon Chap. xv Matthiolus figure is almost lyke the first kinde of Libanotidis as Turner and he writeth is called in Douche Bearewortes or Hartes wortes †The Description MEon of Dioscorides is described amongst the rootes wherefore we haue none other knowledge of the fashion of the same but as our Auncientes haue left it vs in writing This haue I sayde to the intent that men may knowe that those herbes which the Apothecaries and others do vse at this day in Physike are not the true Meon whiche we shoulde not tell howe to knowe if that men coulde not finde the fashion and nature of the right Meon described Meon according to Dioscorides is lyke to Dyll in stalkes and leaues but it is thicker and of the heigth of two cubites or three foote The rootes are long small well smelling and chafing or heating the tongue and they are scattering here and there some right and some awry †The Place New groweth plenteously in in Macedonia and Spayne †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine MeuÌ„ in shoppes Mew which do but only keepe the name for the true Meon is yet vnknoweÌ„ but the Apothecaries do vse in the steede therof a kinde of wilde Parcelie the which is described in the fifth part of our history of plantes it hath no agreement or lykenesse with the description of Meon wherfore it can not be Meon †The Nature The roote of Meon is hoate in the thirde degree and dry in the seconde †The Vertues The rootes of Meum boyled in water or onely soked in water and dronke doth mightily open the stoppinges of the kidneyes bladder they prouoke vrine ease and helpe the strangurie and they consume all windinesse and blastinges of the stomacke The same takeÌ„ with hony do appease the paynes and gripinges of the belly are good for the affections of the mother podagres and aches of ioyntes and against al Catarrhes Phlegmes falling down vpon the breast If wemen sit ouer the decoction therof it bringeth downe their sicknesse The same layde vpon the lowest part of the belly of young children wyll cause them to pisse and make water Meum Meon †The Daunger If to muche of the roote of this herbe be dronken it causeth head ache Of Peonie Chap. xvi †The Kyndes THere be two sortes of Peonie as Dioscorides and the Auncientes write that is to say the male and female †The Description MAle Poeonie hath thicke redde stalkes of a Cubite long the leaues be great and large made of diuers leaues growing or ioyned togither not muche vnlyke the Walnut tree leafe in fashion and greatnesse at the hyghest of the stalke there groweth fayre large red flowers very well lyke red roses hauing also in the middes yellow threddes or heares After the falling away of the leaues there groweth vp great coddes or huskes three or foure togyther the whiche do open whan they be ripe in the opening whereof there is to be seene a faire red coloured lining and a pollished blacke shining seede full of white substance The rootes be white long small and well smelling The female Peonie at his first springing vp hath also his stalkes redde and thicke the leaues be also large and great but diuided into more partes almost like the leaues of Angelica louage or Marche The flowers in like manner be great and red but yet lesser and paler then the flowers of the male kinde The coddes and seede are like the other In these rootes are diuers knobbes or knottes as great as Acornes Yet haue you another kinde of Peonie the which is like the second kinde but his flowers and leaues are much smaller and the stalkes shorter the whiche some call Mayden or Virgin Peonie although it beareth red flowers and seede lyke the other †The Place The kindes of Peonies are founde planted in the gardens of this Countrie †The Tyme Peonie flowreth at the beginning of May and deliuereth his seede in Iune †The Names Peonie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Poeonia of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dulcisida and Idaeus Dactylus of Apuleius Aglaophotis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Herba casta in shoppes Pionia in high Douche Peonien blum PeonieÌ„ rosen Gichtwurtz Runigzblum Pfingstrosen in base Almaigne Pioene and Pioenbloemen and in some places of Flaunders Mastbloemen â€
doth also bring foorth long stalkes with knottes or ioyntes it is muche longer than the aforesayd kinde hauing long leaues narrow at the top and broade beneath where as they be ioyned to the stalke The flowers of this kinde be of an orient or cleare redde colour and do growe in tuffetes almost lyke Valerian The roote is long white and thicke and wel sauouring The Polemonium wherof Absyrtus speaketh is the Horse minte described in the seconde booke Polemonium Been album Polemonij altera species †The Place Both these kindes grow vpō mountaines in rough stony places men plant them here in gardens †The Tyme These herbes do flower in Iune Iuly †The Names The first is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Polemonium Polemonia of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chiliodynamis that is to say a hundred vertues or properties in shops as witnesseth Bernardus of Gondonio Herba tunica of Herboristes at this day Behen or Beën album Yet notwithstanding this is not that kinde of Behen wherof Serapio writeth in his CCxxiij Chapter The seconde is also taken for Polemonium is called of Herboristes Behen rubrum this herbe should seeme to be Narcissus wherof Virgil in his Georgiques and Columella in hortis maketh mention †The Nature Polemonium is of complexion dry in the seconde degree ⧠The Vertues Te roote of Polemonia dronken in wine is good agaynst the blooddy flyxe and agaynst the bitinges and stinginges of venimous beastes The same drunken in water prouoketh vrine and helpeth the strangury and paynes about the huckle bone or hanche Men vse it with vineger against the hardnesse and stoppinges of the melt or splene and to all such as are by any meanes greeued about the melt The same holden in the mouth and chewed taketh away tooth ache The same pounde layde to cureth the stinginges of Scorpions in deede it hath so great strength against Scorpions that whosoeuer do but holde the same in his hande cannot be stong or hurt by any Scorpion All these last recited vertues from B. to E. are not found in the last Douch copy Yet they be all in my French copy the which I haue and is in diuers places newly corrected and amended by the Author him selfe Of English Galangall Chap. xxiij ⧠The Description CYperus leaues are long narrow and hard The stalke is triangled of a cubite long in the top wherof groweth litle leaues white seede springing out The roote is long interlaced one within an other hauing many threddes of a browne colour and sweete sauour Besides this there is found another kinde like to the aforesayd in leaues and stemmes but it hath no lōg rootes but diuers round little rootes of the bignesse of an Olyue ioyning togither And of this sort Dioscorides hath written One may wel place amongst the kindes of Cyperus the litle rootes called Trasi of the Italians for their leaues be somewhat like the leaues of Cyperus but they be smaller narrower the rootes be almost like to smal nuttes or like the silke wormes wrapped rounde in their silke before they turne into Mothes or Butterflyes and hang togither plenteously by little smal threds these rootes be sweet in taste almost like Chestnuts Cyperus English Gallangal †The Place Cyperus as witnesseth Dioscorides groweth in low moyst places is not commonly founde in this Countrey but in the gardens of some Herboristes †The Tyme This herbe bringeth foorth his spikie top seede with leaues in Iune and Iuly †The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Cyperus Cypirus and Cyperis of some Aspalathum Erysisceptrum in shoppes Cyperus of Cornelius Celsus Iuncus quadratus of Plinie Iunculus angulosus and Triangularis in Frenche Souchet in Douche wylden Galgan in English Galangal The rootes called Trasos are also named of them that write now Dulcichimū in Spayne Auellanada of the commons of Italy as is aforesaid Trasi Trasci Some learned men thinke that this is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Mamiras wherof Paulus Aegineta writeth which Auicen calleth Memirem or rather 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Holoconitis of Hippocrates †The Nature The roote of Cyperus or English Galangal is hoate and dry in the third degree †The Vertues The rootes of Cyperus boyled and dronke prouoketh vrine bringeth downe womens naturall sicknesse driueth foorth the stone and is a helpe to them that haue the Dropsi The same taken after the same manner is a remedy against the stinging and poysons of Scorpions and agaynst the cough It is also good agaynst the coldnesse and stoppinges of the mother if the belly be bathed warme ther withall The same made into powder closeth vp and healeth the olde running sores of the mouth and secrete partes although they eate and waste the flesh if it be strowed therein or layde therevpon with wyne It is customably and also with great profite put into hoate oyntments and playsters maturatiue The seede of Cyperus dronken with water as Plinie sayth stoppeth the fluxe of the belly and all the superfluous running foorth of womens flowers but if to much thereof be taken it engendreth headache Of white Hellebor or Nesewurte Chap. xxiiij †The Description THe white Ellebor hath great broad leaues with ribbes or sinewes like the leaues of the great Plantayne or Gentian The stalke is rounde two or three foote high at the vpmost part wherof groweth alongest and rounde about the top the flowers one aboue another pale of color diuided into sixe little leaues the which haue a greene line ouerth wart The same being passed there commeth in their places smal huskes wherin is cōteyned the seede the roote is rounde as thicke as a mans finger or thombe white both without and within hauing many thicke laces or threddy stringes †The Place White Hellebor groweth in Anticyra neare about the mountayne Deta and in Capadocia Syria but the best groweth in Cyrene The Herboristes of this Countrie do set it in their gardens †The Tyme White Hellebor flowreth in this Countrie in Iune and Iuly Veratrum album †The Names This kind of Hellebor is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Veratrum album in shoppes Helleborus albus of some Pignatoxaris Sanguis Herculis in Frēch Ellebore blanc in high Douche Weisz Nieswurtz in base Almaigne Witte Nieswortel or wit Niescruyt in English White Hellebor Neseworte and Lingwort †The Nature The roote of Ellebor is hoate and drye in the thirde degree †The Vertues The roote of white Ellebor causeth one to vomit vp mightily and with great force all superfluous slymie venemous and naughtie humours Likewise it is good agaynst the falling sicknesse Phrensies olde payne of the head madnesse sadnesse the gowt and Sciatica all sortes of dropsies poyson and agaynst all colde diseases that be harde to cure and suche as wyll not yeelde to any medicine But as concerning the preparation thereof before it
taken is described in the second part of this Historie where as it is also declared the it is no kinde of blacke Hellebor but the right Buphthalmum or Oxe eye and therefore neither hurtful nor dangerous as it hath ben more largely declared ¶ The Place Blacke Hellebor groweth in Aetolia vpon the mountayne Helicon in Beotia and vpon Parnassus mount in Phocidia and in this Countrie it is found in the gardens of certayne Herboristes Christes wurtes likewise is not common in this Countrie but is only found in the gardens of some Herboristes The bastarde blacke Hellebor groweth in certayne woods of this Countrie as in the wood Soenie in Brabant it is set or planted in diuers gardens ¶ The Tyme The blacke Hellebor in this Countrie flowreth in Iune and shortly after the seede is rype Christes wurte flowreth al bytimes about Christmas in Ianuarie almost vntill March in Februarie the old leaues fall of and they spring foorth againe in Marche The blacke Bastarde Hellebor flowreth also bytimes but most commonly in Februarie sometimes also vntil April †The Names Blacke Hellebor is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Veratrum nigrū and Helleborus niger of some Melampodium Praetium Polyrhyzon Melanorhizon of some writers now Luparia Pulsatilla in high Douch Schwartz Niesewurtz in base Almaigne Swe rt Niesewortel The second should seeme to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Helleborus niger which Theophrast describeth and is called of learned men that write now Planta Leonis that is to say Lions foote it is taken for that herbe which Alexander Trallian and Paulus Aegineta call in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Coronopodiū and Pes cornicis It is called in Brabant Heylichkerstcruyt that is to say the herbe of Christ or Christmas herbe bycause it flowreth most commonly about Christmas especially whan the winter is milde The thirde is now called Pseudo helleborus niger Veratrum adulterinum nigrum and it is taken of some for the herbe whiche Plinie calleth Consiligo in high Douch it is called Christwurtz that is to say Christes roote in Brabant Viercruyt that is to say Fier herbe bycause with this herbe alone men cure a disease in cattel named in Frenche Le feu of some it is called Wranckcruyt as of the learned and famous Doctor in his time Spierinck resident at Louaigne and some call it Vaencruyt †The occasion of the Name This herbe was called Melampodium bycause a shepheard called Melampus in Arcadia cured with this herbe the daughters of Proetus whiche were distract of their memories and become mad so that afterwarde the herbe was knowen †The Nature Blacke Hellebor is hoate and dry in the third degree Christeswurt and the blacke bastarde Hellebor are in complexion very lyke to blacke Hellebor †The Vertues Blacke Hellebor taken inwardly prouoketh the siege or stoole vehemently and purgeth the neather part of the belly from grosse and thicke fleme and cholerique humours also it is good for them that waxe mad or fall beside them selues and for suche as be dull heauy and melancholique also it is good for them that haue the gowte and Sciatica Lyke vertues it hath to be taken in potages or to be sodden with boyled meate for so it doth open the belly and putteth forth al superfluous humours The same layd to in manner of a Pessarie or mother Suppositorie bringeth downe womens sicknesse and deliuereth the dead childe The same put into Fistulas and holowe vlcers by the space of three dayes clenseth them and scoureth away the hardnesse and knobbes of the same The roote therof put into the eares of them that be harde of hearing two or three dayes togither helpeth them very muche It swageth tooth ache if one washe his teeth with vineger wherein it hath ben boyled An emplayster made of this roote with barly meale and wine is very good to be layde vpon the bellyes of them that haue the Dropsie The same pounde with Frankencense Rosom Oyle healeth al roughnesse hardnesse of the skinne scuruinesse spots scarres if it be rubbed therewith Planta Leonis or Christeswurtes is not much differing in properties from blacke Hellebor for it doth also purge and driueth forth by siege mightily both melancholy and other superfluous humours The roote of bastarde Hellebor stieped in wine and dronken doth also loose the belly like blacke Hellebor and is very good against al those diseases where vnto blacke Hellebor serueth It doth his operation with more force and might if it be made into powder and a dram thereof be receiued in wine The same boyled in water with Rue Egrimony or bastard Eupatory healeth the Iaundise and purgeth yellow superfluities by the siege The same thrust into the eares of Oxen Sheepe or other cattel helpeth the same agaynst the disease of the longes as Plinie and Columella writeth for it draweth all the corruption and greefe of the longes into the eares And in the time of Pestilence if one put this roote into the bodyes of any it draweth to that part al the corruption venomous infection of the body Therefore assone as any strange or sodayne greefe taketh the cattell the people of the Countrie do put it straightwaies into some part of a beast where as it may do least hurt and within short space all the greefe will come to that place and by that meanes the beast is saued †The Danger Although blacke Hellebor is not so vehement as the white yet it can not be giuen without danger especially to people that haue their health for as Hippocrates saith Carnes habentibus sanas Helleborus periculosus facit enim Cōuulsionem that is to say to suche as be whole Hellebor is very perilous for it causeth shrinking of sinewes therefore Hellebor may not be ministred except in desperate causes and that to young and strong people and not at al times but in the spring time only yet ought it not to be geuen before it be prepared and corrected †The correction whan Hellebor is giuen with long Pepper Hysope Daucus and Annys seede it worketh better with lesse danger also if it be boyled in the broth of a Capon or of any other meate and then the brothe giuen to drinke it worketh with lesse danger Of herbe Aloë Chap. xxvij †The Description ALoë hath very great long leaues two fingers thicke hauing rounde about short pointes or Crestes standing wide one from another The roote is thicke and long The flowers stalke and seede are much like the flowers stalke seede of Affodyll as Dioscorides sayth but in these partes they haue not ben yet seene All the herbe is of strong sauour and bitter tast And out of this herbe which groweth in India is drawen a iuyce the which is dryed and is also named Aloë and it is carryed into all partes of the worlde for to be vsed in medicine †The Place Aloë groweth very plenteously in India and from thence commeth
abouesaid as the white Brionie but not so strong yet it preuayleth muche against the falling euill and the giddinesse or turninges of the head to prouoke vrine the natural sicknesse of women to waste and open the Splene or Melt that is swollen or stopped The tender springes of this kinde of Brionie are also very good to be eaten in Salade for to purge waterie superfluities and for to open the belly neither more nor lesse then the white Brionie †The Danger The roote of Brionie by his violence doth trouble ouerturne the stomacke and other of the inner partes Moreouer the same with his leaues fruite stalkes and rootes is altogither contrarie and euill to women with childe whether it be prepared or not or whether it be mingled with other medicines insomuche that one cannot geue of the sayde roote or any other medicine compounded of the same without great daunger and perill †The Correction The malice or noughtie qualitie thereof is taken away by putting thereto Masticke Ginger Cinamome and to take it with hony or with the decoction of Raysons Of the wilde Vine / Brionie / or Our Zadies Seale Chap. xlvij †The Description OVR Ladies Seale hath long branches flexible of a wooddishe substance couered with a gaping or clouen barke growing very high and winding about trees and hedges lyke the branches of the Vine The leaues are lyke the leaues of Morelle or garden Night shade but much greater not much varying from the leaues of the greater Wythie winde or Bindeweede the flowers be white smal and mossie after the fading of whiche flowers the fruite commeth clustering togither like little grapes or Raysons red when it is ripe hanging within three or foure kernelles or seedes The roote is very great and thicke and sometimes parted or diuided at the ende into three or foure partes of a brownishe colour without and white within and clammie like the roote of Comferie †The Place In this Countrie this herbe groweth in low and moyst woods that are shadowed and waterie ¶ The Tyme It flowreth in Maye and Iune and the fruite is ripe in September †The Names It is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Vitis syluestris that is to say the Wild Vine yet this is not that kind of wild Vine the which men cal Labrusca for that resembleth altogither the garden and manured Vine but this as is aforesayde is a plant or herbe of the kindes of Bryonie the which is also called in Greeke Ampelos that is to say a vine bycause that it groweth high winding it self about trees hedges like the vine And of this I haue thought good to geue warning lest any hereafter happen to fal into errour with Auicen Serapion other of the Arabian Phisitions thinking that Labrusca and Vitis syluestris shoulde be any other then one selfe plante Columel calleth this plante Tamus by folowing of whom Plinie called the fruite Vua Taminea this plant is called in some places Salicastrum It is called in Shoppes of some Apothecaries Sigillum beatae Marię that is to say the Seale or Signet of our Ladye in Italian Tamato it may be called in Frenche Couleuree sauuage in Douche Wilde Bryonie bycause it is a kinde of Bryonie as a difference from the right wilde Vine Vitis syluestris Some take this herbe for Cyclaminus altera but their opinion may be easily reproued and founde false bycause this herbe hath a very great roote and as Dioscorides writeth Cyclaminus altera hath an vnprofitable and vaine roote that is to say very small and of no substance †The Nature Wilde Bryonie is hoate and drie good to mundifie purge and dissolue †The Vertues The roote of this herbe boyled in water wine tempered with a litle Sea water and dronke purgeth downewarde waterie humours and is very good for suche as haue the Dropsie The fruite of this plant dissolueth all congeled blood and putteth away the markes of blacke and blewe stripes that remayne after beatinges or bruses freckles and other spottes of the skinne Like vertue hath the roote if it be scrapte or grated very small and afterwarde layde vpon with a cloth as aplayster as we our selues haue proued by experience The newe springes at their first comming vp are also good to be eaten in Sallade as the other two kindes of Bryonie are Of Clematis altera Chap. xlviij †The Kindes OF this kinde of plante or Withywinde the whiche for a difference from Pereuincle which is named Clematis in Latine and therfore men call this kind Clematis altera there be founde two kindes ouer and bysides that plant whiche is nowe called in Latine Vitalba and in Frenche Viorne the whiche some do also iudge to be a kinde of Clematis altera Clematisaltera Biting Pereuincle Clematis alterius altera species Bushe Pereuincle †The Description THE first kinde which is the right Clematis altera hath smal branches flexible and tender by the whiche it standeth and climbeth vp The leaues be long large growing three or foure togither very sharpe and byting the tongue The litle flowers be white The roote is litle and smal and ful of heary threddes or stringes The seconde kinde is much like to the aforesayde in branches leaues sauing that his leaues be greater his stalkes or branches stronger and in growing it is higher The flowers are large parted in foure leaues fashioned like a crosse of a blew or purple colour and nothing lyke the flowers of the other Vitalba or as the French men terme it Viorne which some take for Clematis altera hath long branches ful of ioyntes easie to ploy bigger longer thicker then the branches of the aforesayde not muche differing from the branches of the vine by the which it climbeth vpon and about trees and hedges vpon the sayde branches growe the leaues whiche for the most part are made and do consist of fiue leaues whereof eche leafe is of a reasonable breadth and not muche vnlike to the leaues of Iuye but smaller The flowers do growe as it were by tuftes and many togyther of a white colour and well smelling after whiche flowers past commeth the seede which is smal and somwhat browne bearing smal crooked and downie stemmes the roote is very full of small stringes or hearie threddes †The Place Clematis altera is a strange herbe and not found in this Countrie except in the gardens of some Herboristes The seconde is also a stranger in this Countrie but in Englande it groweth abundantly about the hedges in the borders of feeldes alongst by high wayes sides Vitalba is common in this Countrie and is to be founde in wooddes hedges and about the borders of feeldes †The Tyme The two first kindes do flower in this Countrie very late in August and September Vitalba Viorne or Wilde Vine But Vitalba flowreth in Iune †The Names The first is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in
when the sede is ripe the heades do open aboue vnder the shel or scale whiche couereth the sayde heades And afterwarde the seede falleth out easily whiche happeneth not to the other two Poppies whose heades remayne alwayes close There droppeth or runneth out of Poppie a liquor as white as milke when the heades be pearced or hurt the whiche is called Opium and men gather and drie it and is kept of the Apothecaries in their shoppes to serue in medicine †The Place Al these kindes of Poppie are sowen in this Countrie in gardens The third kind is very common insomuch as it is sowen in many feelds for the commoditie and profite which commeth of the seede In Apulia and Spayne and other hoate Countries they gather the iuyce whiche is the Opium that men of this Countrie put in medicines †The Tyme It flowreth most commonly in Iune †The Names Poppie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in shoppes Papauer of some Oxytonon Prosopon Lethe Lethusa and Onitron in high Almaigne Magsamen Moen Magle and Olmag in base Almaigne Huel of some Mancop The iuyce of Poppie is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine in shoppes Opium The first kind is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Papauer satiuum of some Thylacitis in shoppes Papaueralbum in Frenche Pauot cultiué blanc in Almaigne Witten Huel and Tammen Huel in Englishe White Poppie and Garden Poppie The seconde kind Dioscorides calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Papauer syluestre erraticum some also cal it Pithitis in Shoppes Papauer nigrum magnum of the vnlearned Papauer rubrum and according to the same the Frenchmen call it Pauot rouge in Douche Rooden Huel in Englishe Blacke Poppie and Wilde Poppie The thirde sorte is also taken for a kinde of wilde Poppie and is called in Shoppes Papauer commune and Papauer nigrum that is to say Common Poppie and blacke Poppie in Douche Huel This should seeme to be Poppie Rhoeas that is to say Flowing and falling bycause the seede thereof floweth out when it is ripe whiche chanceth to none of the other kindes as is abouesayde †The Nature Al the Poppies be colde and drie almost euen harde to the fourth degree Opium is colde and drie almost harde to the fourth degree †The Vertues The decoction of the leaues and heades of Poppie made in water dronke causeth fleepe It hath the lyke vertue if the head and handes be washed therwith Of the heades boyled in water is made a Syrupe whiche doth also cause sleepe and is very good agaynst the subtil Rheumes and Catharrhes that distill and fal downe from the brayne vpon the lunges and against the cough taking his beginning of such subtil humours The seede of blacke Poppie dronke in wine stoppeth the fluxe of the belly and the vnreasonable course of womens issues if it be mingled with water and layde to the forehead it will cause sleepe also A playster is made with the greene knoppes or heades of Poppie before it is ripe parched barley meale the which is good to be layde vpon the disease named in Latine Ignis sacer and hoate tumours which haue neede of cooling Opium that is the iuyce of Poppie dried taken in quantitie of a fetche swageth all inwarde paynes causeth sleepe cureth the cough and stoppeth the flixe The same layde to with Oyle of Roses swageth headache and with Oyle of sweete Almondes Myrrhe and Saffron it healeth ache or payne of the cares With vineger it is good to be layde to the disease called Erysipelas or Wild fire and all other inflammations and with womans milke and Saffron it swageth the payne of the gowte The same put into the fundement as a Suppositorie bringeth or causeth sleepe To conclude in what manner soeuer Opium be taken eyther inwardly or outwardly it causeth sleepe and taketh away paynes Yet ye must take heede to vse it euer with discretion ⧠The Danger The vse of Poppie is very euill and dangerous and especially Opium the which taken excessiuely or to often applyed vpon the flesh outwardly or otherwise without good consideration and aduisement it wyll cause a man to sleepe to muche as though he had the Lethargie which is the forgetful sicknesse and bringeth foolish and doting fansies it corrupteth the sense and vnderstanding bringeth the Palsie and in fine it killeth the body †The Correction Whan by great necessitie ye are forced to vse Opium mixe Saffron with it for it shall let and somewhat hinder the euill qualitie of Opium in suche sort as it shall not so easily do harme as it woulde if Saffron were not mingled with it See Turners Herbal for the remedie against Opium lib. 2 fol. 76. Of Red Poppie / or Cornerose Chap. lxxxij †The Kindes THere be two sortes of red Poppie or Cornerose the great and the small differing onely in leaues but the flowers are lyke one another †The Description THE smal Cornerose or wild Poppie hath smal rough branches the leaues be somewhat long toothed rounde about not muche differing from the leaues of the other Poppie sauing that they be muche smaller and not smothe but rough The flowers be of a faire red colour not differing in figure from the flowers of the other Poppie with blacke threds in the midle After the falling of the flowers there rise heades muche smaller then the heades of Poppie and in proportion longer wherein is conteyned blacke seede The roote is long and yellowish Papauer Rhoeas Shadowie Poppie or red Poppie Papauer Rhoeas alterum Cornerose or shadding Poppie The great Cornerose hath large leaues very muche iagged or rather rent lyke to the leaues of white Senuey but alwayes longer and rougher The stalkes flowers and knoppes or heades are lyke to the smaller Cornerose The roote is great and whiter then the roote of the lesser Cornerose †The Place The Cornerose groweth amongst the Wheate Rye Otes and Barley The least is most common †The Tyme Cornerose flowreth in May and from that time foorth vntill the ende of sommer †The Names This kinde of wilde Poppie is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Papauer erraticum Papauer fluidum and Papauer Rhoeas in some Shoppes Papauer rubrum in Frenche Coquelicoc or Ponceau in high Douch Klapperrosen Kornrosen In base Almaigne Clapperroosen and Rooden Huel or wilden Huel And it is not without cause to be doubted whether the second Cornerose be a kinde of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Argemone or no. ⧠The Nature Corneroses do coole and refreshe also and are of complexion muche lyke Poppie Fiue or sixe heades of wilde Poppie or Cornerose boyled in wine dronke causeth sleepe Like vertue hath the seede taken with hony The leaues with the greene heades brused togither are very good to be layde vpon all euil hoate swellinges and vlcers and vpon Crysipeles or wild fire as the other Poppies are Of Horned
Iuraye and the seede of the same grayne which the Brabanders call Peertsbloemen Melampyrū Blacke wheat Cow wheat or Horse flower Of Blight or Brantcorne Chap. xvij †The Description VStilago is a certayne disease or infirmitie that happeneth vnto suche fruits as ebare eares but especially vnto Otes This kinde of plante before it shuteth out in eare is very lyke vnto Otes but when it beginneth to put foorth his eare in steede of a good care there commeth vp a blacke burnt eare ful of blacke dust or powder †The Place It groweth most commonly as is beforesaid amongst Otes and sometimes amongst wheate †The Tyme It is founde most commonly in Aprill when as the Sonne shineth very hoate after a rayne folowing †The Names This barren and vnfruitefull herbe is nowe called Vstilago that is to say Burned or Blighted in French Brulure in high and base Almaigne Brant †The Nature and faculties Vstilago hath no good propertie in Phisicke and serueth to no manner of good purpose but is rather a hurt or maladye to all Corne. Vstilago Of Beanes Chap. xviij †The Kyndes THere be two sortes of beanes The one sort is commonly sowen the other is wild The cōmon or manured beane is diuided againe into two sortes that is great and smal Phaselus satiuus Sowen Beanes Phaselus syluestris Wilde Beanes †The Description THE great sowen Beane hath a square stalke vpright and hollowe The leaues growe vpon short stemmes standing vpon both sides of the stalkes one against another and are long thicke The flowers grow vpon the sides of the stalke and are white with a great blacke spot in them and somtimes a browne After which flowers there come vp long coddes great and round soft within frised or cottonlike In the sayd coddes the beanes are inclosed of colour most commonly white sometimes redde or browne in fashion flat almost lyke to the nayle of a mans finger or toe The lesser beane that is vsed to be sowen is like to the aforesayd in stalkes leaues flowers and woolly coddes sauing that in all pointes it is lesser The fruite also is nothing so flat but rounder and smaller The wilde beane hath also a square holow stalke as the garden and sowen beanes haue The leaues be also like to the common beane leaues but the litle stemmes whereon the leaues do growe haue at the very ende tendrelles and claspers as the pease leaues haue The flowers be purple The coddes are flat and woolly within as it were laid with a soft Downe or Cotton but nothing so much as the coddes of the common sowen beanes The fruite is all rounde and very blacke and no bigger then a good pease of a strong vnpleasant sauor and when it is chewed it filleth the mouth full of stinking matter †The Place The domesticall or husbandly beanes do growe in feeldes and gardens where as they be sowen or planted The wilde is to be founde amongst the Herboristes and groweth of his owne kinde in Languedoc †The Tyme They are planted and sowen in Nouember Ianuary February and April and are ripe in Iune and Iuly †The Names Beanes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Dioscorides also Phasioli in Latine Faseli nowe a dayes they be called in Shoppes and commonly Fabae in high and base Almaigne Bonen The great kinde is called in Latine Phaselus maior or Faselus satiuus maior in Douche Groote Boonen in English Great Beanes and garden Beanes The other may be well called Faseli minores that is to say The smaller Beane in Brabant Zeeusche Boonkens and Peerde Boonkens That the common Beane is not that kind of pulse called of the Auncientes Cyamos and Faba hath ben sufficiently declared In Historia nostra The wilde kinde may well be called in Latine Faselus syluestris and Faselus niger that is to say The wilde Beane and the blacke Beane in Douch Wilde Boonen and Swerte Boonen or Moorkens as some do cal them This may well be that Pulse whiche is called Cyamos and Faba †The Nature Greene beanes before they be rype are colde and moyst but when they be drie they haue power to binde and restrayne †The Vertues The greene and vnripe Beanes eaten do loose open the belly very gently but they be windy engender ventosities as Dioscorides saith The which is well knowen of the common sortes of people and therefore they vse to eate their beanes with Commine Drie Beanes do stop binde the belly especially when they be eaten without their huskes or skinnes and they nourishe but litle as Galen saith Beane meale layde to outwardly in manner of a Cataplasme or playster dissolueth tumours and swellinges And is very good for the vlcers and inflammation of womens pappes and against the mishappes and blastings of the genitors The wilde Beane serueth to no vse neither for meate nor medicine That I knowe Of Kidney Beane / or garden Smilax Chap. xix †The Description GArden Smilax hath long and small branches growing very high griping and taking holdfast when they be succoured with rises or long poles about the whiche they wrappe and winde them selues as the Hoppe otherwise they lye flat and creepe on the ground beare no fruite at all The leaues be broade almost like Iuie growing three and three togither as the Trefoil or three leaued grasse The flowers be somtimes white and sometimes red after the flowers there come in their places long coddes which be somtimes crooked and in them lye the sedes or fruit smaller then the common beane and flat fashioned lyke to a kidney of colour somtimes red somtimes yellow somtimes white somtimes blacke sometimes gray speckled with sundrie colours This fruit is good and pleasant to eate in so much that men gather and boyle thē before they be ripe and do eate them coddes and all †The Place In this Countrie men plant this kind of Beanes in gardens they loue good grounde and places that stande well in the Sonne †The Tyme They are planted in Aprill after that the colde and frostes be past for at their first comming vp they can by no meanes at all indure colde They are ripe in August and September ¶ The Names This kinde of Beanes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Faseolus Dolichus and Smilax hortensis The coddes or fruite are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is in Latine Siliquae and Lobi of Serapio Lubia in Frenche Phaseoles in high Douch Welsch Bonen in base Almaigne Roomsche Boonen in Englishe of Turner it is called Kidney beane and Sperage of some they are called Faselles or Long Peason it may be also named Garden Smilax or Romaine Beanes Phaseolus †The Nature Kidney beanes are somewhat hoate and moyst of Complexion after the opinion of the Arabian Physitions †The Vertues Kidneybeanes do nourishe meetely well and without engendring windinesse as some other pulses do also they do gently loose
gone there come vp litle flat huskes wherin lieth the seede like to the seede of Arachus You may set by this wild Vetche a certaine plant not much vnlike the aforesayd in leaues and growing the whiche beareth rough and prickie buttons or bosses It doth not commonly growe in this Countrie but planted in the gardens of some Herboristes This kind of plant hath leaues like to the other but somwhat narrower whiter smother His flowers do likewise growe thicke vpon long stemmes commonly of acleare red or Crymsen colour After whiche there come flat prickley round huskes bossed or bunched and somtimes fashioned like a smal Hedgehogge which is nothing els but the seede †The Place The wilde Vetche groweth in the borders of feeldes in medowes oftentimes in moyst places and about water courses and running streames The other kind for daintines sake is planted in the gardens of the Herboristes of this Countrie They say it groweth plentifully by the Sea side vpon bankes or trenches made with mans handes and such like places They vse to sow it in medowes about Paris and otherwhiles it is found growing there of his owne accorde †The Tyme The wilde Vetche flowreth most commonly in Iune and soone after it deliuereth his coddes and grayne The other flowreth in Iuly and for the most part deliuereth his seede foorthwith †The Names The first should seeme to be Galega altera a kind of litle Vetches may also be wel called Arachus taken for a kinde of Arachus in Frenche Vesce sauuage in Douch Wilder Wicken in neather Douchlande Wilde Vitsen in English Small wilde Vetches or Vitchelinges The other is counted of some to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Onobrychis of Ruelius for Medica they name it in Frenche Saint Foin we may call it Yellow Fitcheling and Medick fitche ⧠The Nature and Vertues The wilde Vetche is no better than Arachus and therefore it serueth onely but for pasture and feeding for cattell as other like herbes do If the other be Onobrychis you shall finde his properties described in the Chapter of Onobrychis Of Tares Chap. xxviij †The Description THe Tare hath long tender square stalkes longer and higher then the stalkes of the lentil growing almost as high as the wheat or corne or the other plantes whereamongst it groweth The leaues be smal and tender triangled like a scuchion somwhat round growing alwaies two togither one against another at the ioyntes betwixt the said leaues there grow vp clasping tendrels other smal stems or shutes whervpon growe flowers of a yellowish colour The flowers past there rise coddes somewhat large longer then the coddes or huskes of the Lentiles in whiche is conteyned fiue or sixe blacke seedes harde flat and shining lesser then the seedes of lentiles ¶ The Place The Tare groweth in feeldes is found growing in this Countrie in fertil groundes amongst wheat Rye †The Tyme In this Countrie it flowreth in May and in Iune and Iuly the seede with the coddes is ripe ¶ The Names This kinde of Pulse is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Aphaca in English Tares vnknowen in shoppes this is the Aphace of Dioscorides Galen for it should seeme that the Vetche is the Aphace of Theophrastus †The Nature The Tare is temperate in heate of like nature to the Lentil but drier †The Vertues The Tare seede is of a restringent vertue like the Lentil but more astringent for it stoppeth the fluxe of the belly and drieth vp the moysture of the stomacke The Tare in vertue is lyke to the Lentil Men in tyme past dyd vse to eate this pulse as witnesseth Galen neuerthelesse it is harder of concoction or digestion then the Lentil Aphaca Of Birdes foote Chap. xxix †The Description BIrdes foote is lyke to Arachus to the wilde Vetche but far smaller It hath very slender and small stalkes or branches soft and tender the leaues be smal and rounde fashioned like to a small fether The flowers be yellowishe and smal growing close togither vpon huskes or stems the which being withered there commeth vp in their places small crooked huskes or coddes growing fiue or sixe togither the which in their standing do shewe almost like the closing foote of a smal bird Within the sayde litle crooked coddes the seede is inclosed in fashion not much vnlike Turnep seede †The Place Birdes foote groweth in certaine fields and is likewise found in high medowes in drie grassie wayes Countries That which groweth in medowes and grassie wayes is a great deale smaller then that which groweth amongst the corne †The Tyme Birdes foote flowreth from after the moneth of Iune vntill September and within this space it deliuereth his seede Ornithopodium †The Names This wild herbe is called in Brabant Voghelvoet that is to say in English Birdes foote or Fowle foote bycause his huskes or cods are lyke to a birdes foote for that cause men may wel cal it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ornithopodion for it hath none other Greke nor Latine name that I know except it be that Polygala of Dioscorides as it may be called wherevnto it is very like †The Nature and Vertues This herbe is not vsed in medicine nor reçeiued any wayes for mans vse but is a very good foode both for horses and cattel Of Zentilles Chap. xxx †The Description THe Lentil hath small tender and plyant branches about a cubite high The leaues be very smal the which are placed two and two vppon litle stems or small footestalkes and do sometimes ende with clasping tendrelles wherby it hitcheth fast and taketh sure hold The flowers be smal of a brownishe colour intermixt with white The huskes or shelles are flat The fruite is round and flat of colour now blacke now white and sometimes browne †The Place The Lentil is not very wel knowen in this Countrie but is founde sowen in the gardens of Herboristes †The Tyme The Lentil doth both flower and waxe ripe in Iuly and August †The Names This Pulse is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lens and Lenticula by whiche name it is knowen in Shoppes in Englishe Lentilles in Frenche Lentille in high Douche Linsen Lens ¶ The Nature The Lentil is drie in the seconde degree the residue is temperate †The Vertues The first decoction of Lentilles doth lose the belly If after the first boyling you cast away the broth wherein they were sodden and then boyle them agayne in a freshe water then they binde togither and drie and are good to stop the belly and agaynst the blooddy flixe or dangerous laske also they stoppe the inordinate course of womens termes but it wyll make their operation more effectual in stopping if you put vineger vnto them or Cichorie or Purselayn or redde Beetes or Myrtilles or the pill of Pomegarnates or dried Roses or Medlers or Seruices or vnripe binding Peares or Quinces
small seede The rootes be long and small wherevnto is hanging here and there certeyne nuttes or kernels like Turneps of an earthlike colour without and inwardly white sweete in taste almost lyke the Chesnut The other kinde of Earthnut called in some places the litle Earthnut shal be described in the fifth part of this history in the xxiij Chapter †The Place The Pease Earthnut groweth abundantly in Hollande and other places as in Brabant neare Barrow by the riuer Zoom amongst the Corne and vppon or vnder the hedges It groweth in Richmonde heath and Coome parke as Turner saith Chamaebalanus †The Tyme This herbe flowreth in Iune and afterwarde the seede is ripe In some places they drawe or plucke vp the rootes in May and do eate of them †The Names This herbe is called in high Douche Erdnusz Erckelen Erdfeigen Erdamandel Acker Eychel and Grund Eychel in Brabāt Eerdtnoten and of some Muysen met steerten of the writers in these dayes in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chamaebalanos but this is not that Chamaebalanus whiche is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Glandes terrestres that is to say Earthnuttes Some of the learned do count it to be Astragalus described by Dioscorides and some hold it for Apios But that it is not Apios it is manifest ynough by the third Chapter of the thirde parte of this booke where as we haue playnely set foorth the right Apios ¶ The Nature The pease Earthnut is drie in the seconde degree †The Vertues The rootes of pease Earthnut are boyled in many places of Hollande and Brabant and eaten as the rootes of Turneps and Parsneps and they nourish aswel yet for all that they be harder of digestion then Turnep rootes and do stop the belly and running of the laske If these herbes be the right Astragalus his roote wil prouoke vrine and stop all fluxes of the belly being boyled in wine and dronke The same receiued in the same manner stoppeth also the inordinate course of womens flowers and all vnnaturall fluxe of blood The same roote of Astragalus dried and made into powder is very good to be strowen vpon olde sores and vpon freshe newe woundes to stop the blood of them Of Fenugrer Chap. xxxiiij †The Description FEnugreck hath tender stalkes rounde blackishe hollow and ful of branches the leaues are diuided into three partes lyke the leaues of Trifoil or the threeleaued grasse The flowers be pale whitish and smaller thē the flowers of Lupins After the fading of those flowers there come vp long coddes or huskes crooked and sharpe pointed wherein is a yellowe seede the roote is ful of small hanging heares †The Place The Herboristes of this Countrie do sowe it in their gardens †The Tyme It flowreth in Iuly and the seede is ripe in August †The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in Shoppes Foenum Graecum of Columella Siliqua in Frenche Fenugrec or Fenegrec in high Douche Bockshorn or Kuhorne in base Alemaigne Fenigriek in English Fenegreck ⧠The Nature The seede of Fenugreck is hoate in the second degree and dry in the first and hath vertue to soften and dissolue †The Vertues The decoction or broth of the seede of Fenugreck dronken with a litle vineger expelleth al euil humours that sticke fast to the bowels Foenum Graecum The meale of Fenugreck boyled in Meade or Honied water doth consume soften and dissolue colde harde impostumes and swellinges The same tempered or kneded with Saltpeter and vineger doth soften waste the hardnesse and blasting of the Melt It is good for women that haue either impostume vlcer or stopping of the Matrix to bathe and sit in the decoction thereof The strayning or iuyce of Fenugreck mingled with Goose grease put vp vnder in the place conuenient after the maner of a mother Suppositorie doth mollifie and soften all hardnesse and paynes of the necke of the Matrix or the naturall place of conception It is good also to washe the head with the decoction of Fenugreck for it healeth the scurffe and taketh away both nittes and scales or brand of the head The same layd to with Sulphur that is brimstone hony driueth away pusshes or little pimples wheales and spottes of the face and healeth al manginesse and scuruie itche and amendeth the stinking smell of the armepittes Greene Fenugreck brused or pounde with a litle vineger is good agaynst weake and feeble partes that are without skinne vlcerated and rawe The seede of Fenugreck may be eaten being prepared as the Lupines and is then of vertue like and looseth the belly gently Men do also vse to eate of the young buddes and tender croppes in salades with oyle vineger as Galen saith but such meate is not very holesome for it ouerturneth the stomacke causeth headache to be vsed to much or to often Of Cameline Chap. xxxv †The Description MYagrū or Cameline hath straight rounde stalkes of the height of two foote or more diuiding it self into many branches or boughes The leaues be long and narrowe almost lyke to the leaues of Madder at the highest of the stalkes alōgest by thē grow smal flowers and afterward smal cuppes or sede vessels almost lyke the knoppes of Lineseede but flatter within the which is inclosed a small yellowish seede of the whiche an oyle is made by pounding and pressing foorth of the same †The Place This herbe groweth in many places amongst wheat and flaxe and the most part of mē do deeme it as an vnprofitable herbe yet for all that it is sowen in many places bycause of the oyle which the sede yeeldeth as in this Countrie Zeelande and the Countrie of Liege or Luke beyonde Brabant †The Tyme It is sowen in Marche and Aprill and ripe about August Myagrum ⧠The Names This herbe is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Myagrum Linum triticeum and Melampyrum in Frenche and base Almaigne Cameline ▪ and of some Camemine in high Douche Flaschdotter and Leindotter in English Myagrū or Cameline It should seeme that this herbe is Erysimon wherof Theophrast Galen Lib. 1. de alimentorum facultatibus haue written †The Nature Myagrum is of a hoate complexion †The Vertues The oyle of the seede of Cameline or Myagrum straked or annoynted vpon the body doth cleare and polish the skinne from all roughnesse It is vsed at this day to prepare and dresse meate withal as Rape oyle and it may be vsed to burne in lampes Of medow Trifoyl / or three leaued grasse Chap. xxxvi †The Kindes THere be diuers sortes of Trefoyles the which for the more parte of them shal be set foorth in diuers Chapters But that kinde wherof we shal now intreate is the common Trefoyl growing in medowes The whiche is of two sortes the one with redde flowers the other
lyke the other but in the corne feldes the borders therof is a noughty hurtful weede to corne the which the husbandmen would not willingly haue in their lande or feeldes therfore they take much payne to weede and plucke vp the same †The Names This grasse is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Agrostis bycause it groweth in the Gramen Couche grasse corne feeldes whiche are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Agroi therfore men may easily iudge that the common grasse is not Agrostis This grasse is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Gramen in French Grame or Dent au chien in base Almaigne Ledtgras and Knoopgras and of the Countrie or husbandmen Poeen in Englishe Couche and Couche grasse †The Nature Couche grasse is colde and drie of complexion †The Vertues The roott of Couche grasse boyled in wine and dronken doth swage and heale the gnawing paynes of the belly prouoketh vrine bringeth forth grauel and is very profitable against the strangurie The same with his leaues newe brused healeth greene woundes and stoppeth blood if it be layde thereto Of wall Barley or way Bennet Chap. xlv †The Description PHoenix is a kind of vnprofitable Grasse in eare and leaues almost like Iuray or Darnel but smaller shorter It hath leaues meetely long and large almost like Barley but smaller The litter or stems is short full of ioyntes and reddish The eares growe in fashion like Iucay but the litle knoppes or eares stande not so farre asunder one from an other There is yet another grasse much like to the aforesaid the which groweth almost throughout al medowes and gardens Neuerthelesse his leaues be narrower the stalkes smaller and are neuer red but alwayes of a sad greene colour and so is all the residue of the plant whereby it may be very wel discerned frō the other Phoenix ¶ The Place Phoenix groweth in the borders or edges of feeldes and is founde in great quantitie in the Countrie of Liege or Luke And as Dioscorides writeth groweth vpon houses †The Tyme Phoenix is ripe in Iuly and August as other grayne is †The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Phoenix and of some Lolium rubrum in Englishe Wall Barley or Way Bennet it may be called Red-Ray or Darnell †The Nature Phoenix drieth without sharpnesse as Galen writeth †The Vertues Phoenix taken with red wine stoppeth the fluxe of the belly and the abundant running of womens flowers and also the inuoluntarie running of vrine Some do write that this herbe wrapped in a Crymson skinne or peece of leather and bounde fast to a mans body stoppeth bleeding Of Hauer Grasse Chap. xlvi †The Description BRomus or Hauergrasse is also an vnprofitable grasse much like to Otes in leaues stemmes and eares sauing that the grasse or leaues be smaller the stalkes or motes be both shorter and smaller and the eares are longer rougher more bristeled or bearded standing farther asunder one from the other †The Place It groweth in the borders of feeldes vpon bankes and Rampers alongst by way sides †The Tyme It is to be found in eare wel neare all the sommer †The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Bromus and as a difference from Otes whose Greeke name is Bromus they put to this addition 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Bromus herba and Auena herba It had this name first bycause of the likenesse it hath with Otes it is called in Frenche Aueron or Aueneron we may call it in Englishe Hauer or Ote grasse Bromus †The Nature Bromus is of a drie complexion †The Vertues This herbe and his roote boyled in water vntil the third part be consumed and afterwarde the same decoction boyled agayne with hony vntill it waxe thicke is good to take away the smel or stenche of the sores in the nose if it be put in with a weeke or matche but especially if you put to it Aloes The same also boyled in wine with dried roses amendeth the corrupt smell of the mouthe if it be washed throughly therwithall Of Stitchwurt Chap. xlvij †The Description THis herbe hath round tender stalkes ful of knots or ioyntes creeping by the ground at euery ioynt grow two leaues one against another hard brode and sharpe at the endes The flowers be white diuided into fiue small leaues when they be fallen away there growe vp litle round heades or knoppes not much vnlike the knops or heades of Line wherin the seede is The rootes be small and knottie creeping hither and thither †The Place It groweth in this Countrie alongst the fieldes and vnder hedges and busshes †The Tyme A man may finde it in flowers in Aprill and May. †The Names This herbe hath the likenesse of the herbe called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Crataeogonum Crataeonum and Crataeus it is called in high Douche Augentroostgras and the Brabanders folowing the same call it Oogentroostgras that is to say Grasse comforting the eyes And may wel be named Gramen Leucanthemum ⧠The Nature The seede of Crataeogonum heateth and dryeth †The Vertues Men haue written that if a woman drinke the seede of Crataeogonum three daies togither fasting after the purging of her flowers that the childe which she may happen to conceiue within fourtie dayes after shal be a man childe Gramen Leucanthemum Of Gupleuros Chap. xlviij †The Description BVpleuron hath long narrowe leaues longer larger then the blades of grasse otherwise not muche vnlyke The stalkes be of a three or foure foote long or more rounde vpright thicke full of ioyntes the whiche do part and diuide agayne into many branches at the toppe whereof there growe yellow flowers in round tuftes or heades afterward the seede whiche is somewhat long There is another herbe much like to the aforesayd in fashion and growing sauing that his leaues which are next the grounde are somewhat larger the stemme or stalke is shorter and the roote is bigger and of a wooddy substance in al thinges els lyke to the aforesayde ¶ The Place This herbe groweth not of it selfe in this Countrie but the Herboristes do sowe it in their gardens The seconde is founde in the borders of Languedoc †The Tyme It flowreth and bringeth foorth seede in Iuly and August †The Names The first is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Bupleurum we know none other name The seconde sort is called of the Herboristes of Prouince Auricula Leporis It is very lyke that which Valerius Cordus nameth Isophyllon Bupleuri prima species The first kind of Bupleures Bupleurialtera species The second kind of Bupleures †The Nature Buplerum is temperate in heate and drynesse †The Vertues This herbe in time past was vsed as pot herbe and counted of Hippocrates as a conuenient food as Plinie writeth The leaues of the same
Englishe Sea Holme or Huluer and Sea Holly The other kinde is called in English the Hundred headed Thistel in French Chardon a cent testes in high Douch Manstrew Brachen distel and Rad distel in base Almaigne Cruysdistel in the Shoppes also it is nowe called Iringus This without doubt is a kinde of Eringium the whiche may also very be well called Centumcapita †The Nature Sea Holly is temperate of heate and colde yet of drie and subtil partes The hundred headed Thistell is hoate and drie as one may easyly gather by the taste †The Vertues The first leaues of Eryngium are good to be eaten in Salade and was for that purpose so vsed of the Auncientes as Dioscorides writeth The rootes of the same boyled in wine and dronken are good for them that are troubled with the Colique and gripings of the belly for it cureth them and driueth foorth windinesse The same taken in the same manner bringeth foorth womens natural sicknesse It is good to drinke the wine wherein Sea Holly hath boyled against the stone and grauel and against the payne to make water for it prouoketh vrine driueth foorth the stone cureth the infirmities that chaunce to the kidneyes if it be dronken fiftiene dayes togither one after another The same rootes taken in the same manner are good for suche as be liuer sicke and for those that are bitten of any venemous beastes or haue receiued or dronke poyson especially if it be dronken with the seede of wilde Carrot It doth also helpe those that are troubled with the Crampe and the falling sicknesse The greene herbe is good to be pounde and layde to the bytinges of venemous beastes especially to the bitinges of Frogges The Apothecaries of this Countrie do vse to preserue and comfit the roote of Eringium to be giuen to the aged and olde people and others that are consumed or withered to nourishe and restore them againe The roote of Centumcapita or the Thistel of a hundred heades is likewise comfited to restore nourishe and strengthen albeit it commeth not neare by a great way to the goodnesse of the other Of Starre Thistel / or Caltrop Chap. lix †The Description STarre Thistell hath softe frised leaues deepely cutte or gaysle the stalkes grow of a foote and a halfe high full of branches wherevppon growe small knappes or heades like to other Thistelles but muche smaller and set rounde about with sharpe thornie prickles fashioned lyke a Starre at the beginning either greene or browne redde but afterwarde pale or white when those heades do opeÌ„ they bring foorth a purple flower afterwarde a small flat and round seede the roote is long and somewhat browne without ¶ The Place This Thistell groweth in rude vntoyled places alongst the waies is founde in great quantitie about the Marte Towne of Anwarpe nere to the riuer Scelde and alongst by the newe walles of the Towne †The Tyme This Thistell flowreth from the moneth of Iuly vntill August Carduus stellatus †The Names This herbe is nowe called in Latine Carduus stellatus and Stellaria also Calcitâ—apa and some take it for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Polyacanthus of Theophrast the which Gaza calleth in Latine Aculeosa they call it in Frenche Chaussetrape in high Douch Wallen Distell ano Raden Distel in base Almaigne Sterre distel in English Starre Thistel or Caltrop †The Nature This Thistel also is of a hoate nature as the taste of the roote doth shewe †The Vertues They vse greatly to take the powder of the seede of this Thistel in wine to drinke to prouoke vrine and to driue foorth grauel and against the strangury Of the Teasel Chap. lx †The Kindes THe Cardthistel or Teasel is of two sortes the tame the wild The tame Teasel is sowen of Fullers and clothworkers to serue their purposes the wilde groweth without husbanding of it selfe serueth to smal purpose Dipsacum satiuum Fullers Teasel Dipsacum syluestre Wilde Teasel THE Cardthistel his first leaues be long and large hackt round about with natches lyke the teeth of a sawe betwixt those leaues riseth a holowe stalke of three foote long or more with many branches set here and there with diuers hooked sharpe prickles and spaced or seuered by ioyntes at euery of the sayd ioyntes grow two great long leaues the which at the lower endes be so closely ioyned and fastened togither round about the stalke that it holdeth the water falling either by rayne or dewe so sure as a dishe or bason At the top of the branches growe long rough and prickle heades set full of hookes out of the same knops or heades grow smal white flowers placed in Celles and Cabbins like the honie Combe in whiche Chambers or Celles after the falling away of the flower is found a sede like Fenil but bitter in taste The knoppes or heades are holow within and for the most part hauing wormes in them the whiche you shall finde in cleauing the heades The roote is long playne and white The wild Teasel is much like to the other but his leaues be narrower and his flowers purple the hookes of this Teasel be nothing so harde nor sharpe as the other There is yet another wilde kinde of these Carde Thistels the which grow highest of al the other sortes whose knopped heades are no bigger then a nut in all thinges els lyke to the other wilde kindes †The Place The tame Teasel is sowen in this Countrie and in other places of Flaunders to serue Fullers and Clothworkers The wild groweth in moyst places by brookes riuers such other places †The Tyme Carde Thistel flowreth for the most part in Iune and Iuly ¶ The Names This kinde of Thistel is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Dipsacum and LabruÌ„ Veneris of some also Chamaeleon Crocodilion Onocardion Cneoron Meleta Cinara rustica Moraria Carduus Veneris Veneris lauacrum Sciaria in Shoppes Virga Pastoris and Carduus Fullonum in French Verge de berger Cardon a Foulon or A Carder in high Douche Karten distel Bubenstrel Weberkarten in base Almaigne Caerden and Volders Caerden in Englishe Fullers Teasel Carde Thistell and Venus bath or Bason The tame Teasel is called Dipsacum satiuum and Dipsacum album The wilde Teasel is called Dipsaca syluestris or Purpurea †The Nature The roote of Carde Thistell as Galen saith is drie in the seconde degree and somwhat scouring †The Vertues The roote of Teasell boyled in wine and afterwarde pounde vntill it come to the substance or thicknesse of an oyntment healeth the chappes riftes and fistulas of the fundement But to preserue this oyntment ye must keepe it in a boxe of Copper The small wormes that are founde within the knoppes or heades of Teaselles do cure and heale the Quartayne ague to be worne or tyed about the necke or arme as Dioscorides writeth Of Artechokes Chap. lxi †The Kyndes There is now found two kindes of Artechokes the one with
Cardobenedictus in Englishe Blessed Thistel and Carduus benedictus †The Nature Blessed Thistel is hoate and drie of complexion †The Vertues The Blessed Thistel taken in meate or drinke is good agaynst the great payne and swimming giddinesse of the head it doth strengthen memorie and is a singuler remedie against deafenesse The same boyled in wins and dronken hoate healeth the griping paynes of the belly causeth sweate prouoketh vrine driueth out grauel and moueth womens flowers The wine wherein it hath bene boyled doth cleanse and mundifie the infected stomacke and is very good to be dronken against feuer quartaynes The powder thereof dronken in wine doth ripe and digest cold fleme in the stomacke and purgeth and bringeth vp that which is in the breast scouring the same and causeth to fetche breath more easily To be taken in like manner it is good for such as begin to haue the Ptysick or consumption A Nut shell full of the powder of Carduus benedictus is giuen with great profite against the pestilence so that suche as be infected with the sayde disease do receiue of the powder as is abouesayde within the space of xxiiij houres and afterward sweate they shal be deliuered incontinent The like vertue hath the wine of the decoction of the same herbe dronken within xxiiij houres after the taking of the sayde sicknesse The Blessed Thistel or the iuyce thereof taken in what sorte soeuer it be is singuler good agaynst al poyson so that whatsoeuer he be that hath taken poyson he shall not be hurt therewithall if immediatly he take of Carduus benedictus into his body as was proued by two young folke whiche when they could not be holpē with treacle yet were they made whole by the vse of blessed Thistel as Hierome Bock writeth The iuyce of the same dropped into the eyes taketh away the rednesse and dropping of the eyes The greene herbe pound and layd to is good agaynst al hoate swellinges Erysipilas and sores or botches that be harde to be cured especially for them of the pestilence and it is good to be layde vpon the bitinges of Serpentes and other venemous beastes Of Scolymus or the Wilde Thistel Chap. lxxi †The Kindes IN this Countrie there is founde three sortes of wilde Thistelles commonly growing by the way sydes and in the borders of feeldes and in wooddes the whiche are all comprised vnder the name of wilde Thistelles Scolymus Carduus syluestris Wild Thistel Cardui syluestris tertium genus The third kind of wild Thistel †The Description THE first kinde of these Thistels groweth about a foote a halfe high it hath a round stem ful of branches and set with prickley leaues like the leaues of Acanthium but smaller and nothing at all frized or Cottonie of a browner colour at the top of the stalke grow round rough knops set round about full of sharpe prickles in fashion lyke to a Hedge Hogge the whiche being open do shewe foorth a faire purple flower within the whiche groweth the seede lyke to the seede of the other Thistelles but smaller The roote is long and browne and very full of threddes or sucking stringes The second kinde groweth three or foure foote high and beareth a rounde naked stemme with a few branches The leaues be like to the leaues aforesaid set on euery syde with sharpe prickles but they be smaller and not so large as the leaues of the other The knoppes smal and somewhat long not very sharpe or pricking the whiche when it openeth putteth foorth a purple flower The roote is blacke and of a foote long The third kind of wild Thistel groweth also to the length of three or foure foote hauing a straight stemme without many branches but set full of cruell prickles the leaues are lyke to them of the seconde kinde The knoppes of this Thistel are smaller then the knoppes of the seconde The flowers are purple The seede is white and very smal And for his roote it is nothing els but smal hearie sucking stringes †The Place These Thistels grow in all places of this Countrie by the way sides in the feeldes The second and the third sort are lykewise founde in medowes †The Tyme The Thistels flower in Iuly and August †The Names These Thistels be called Cardui syluestres that is to say Wild Thistels the two first sortes are of that kind of wild Thistels called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Plinie in Latin Carduus syluestris also Limoniū of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pherusa and Pyracantha Cooper calleth this wild Artichoke and Cowthistel The third is also a kinde of wild Thistel yet it is not Scolymus but it may be wel called Carduus Asininus that is to say Asse Chistel †The Nature The wilde Thistel is hoate and dry in the second degree as Galen writeth †The Vertues The roote of the wilde Thistel especially that of the second kinde which is blacke and long boyled in wine dronke purgeth by vrine and driueth forth al superfluities of the blood causeth the vrine to stincke to be of a strong smel also it amendeth the stenche of the armepittes and of all the rest of the body The same layd to with vineger healeth the wild scurffe noughty scabbe Plinie writeth that in some places men do vse to eate this roote the first buddes or tender croppes of the same as Galen reporteth but it nourisheth but little and the nourishment that it yeeldeth is waterie and nought Of Tribulus Chap. lxxij †The Kyndes THeophrast and Dioscorides haue described two kindes of Tribulus the one of the lande whiche is also of two kindes The other of the water called Saligot †The Description THE first kind of Tribulus terrestris hath long branches ful of ioyntes spread abroade vpon the ground garnished with many leaues set about with a sort of litle round leaues stāding in order one by another all fastened and hanged by one sinewe or ribbe lyke the leaues of the Ciche pease amongst whiche growe small yellowe flowers made fashioned of fiue small leaues almost like the leaues of Tormētil or white Tansey called in Latine Potentilla the whiche doo turne to a square fruit ful of sharpe prickles wherein is a Nut or kernel the roote is white ful of threedy stringes Tribulus terrestris Theophrasti prior The Saligot or water Tribulus hath long slender stalkes growing vp and rising from the bottom of the water and mounting aboue the same weake and slender beneath vnder the water hauing here and there certaine tuftes or tassels full of small stringes and fine threddie heares but the sayde stalke is big or great in the vpper part where as the leaues grow foorth vpō long stemmes the said leaues be large and somewhat round a litle creauesed and toothed rounde about amongst vnder the leaues groweth the fruite which is triangled harde sharpe pointed and prickley Within the whiche is conteined a
also sowen in August and planted againe in Nouember then it closeth or lofeth in Iune Iuly and August and after that time it is good to be eaten †The Names Garden Colewurtes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Brassicae satinae in Shoppes Coles in high Douche ▪ Kolen in base Almaigne Koolen The first kind of white Colewurtes is called in Latine of Plime Brassica Tritiana of the writers in our dayes Brassica sessilis capitata and Imperialis in Frenche Chous cabus in high Douche Kappszkraut in base Almaigne Witte Sluytkoolen Kabuyskoolen in Englishe White Colewurtes Lofed Cabbage and Great rounde Cabbage Cole The second kind is called of Plinie in Latine Brassica Lacuturria in French Chous de Sauoye in base Almaigne Sauoy Koolen The thirde kinde is called in Latine Brassica Pompeiana of the writers in our time Brassica Cypria in Italian Cauliflores in Frenche Chous florys in base Almaigne Bloemkoolen in English Flowrie Cole or Cypres Colewurtes The fourth kinde is nowe called Rapae Caulis that is to say Rape Cole in Frenche Chou Naueau in base Almaigne Raepkoolen The fifth kinde is called Caulis nigra in Italian Nigre Caules that is to say Blacke Cole in Frenche Chou noir in Douche Swerte Koolen The first kind of the red Cole is called of Cato in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Plinie in Latine Brassica Cumana in Frenche Chous rouges poly in high Douche Breyter roterkolen in base Almaigne Groote roo koolen The second kinde is also called Brassica lacuturria in French Chou cabu rouge in base Almaigne Rooskens and Roode Sluytkoolen The thirde kinde with the iagged leaues is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Brassica Apiana in base Almaigne Ghehackelde koolen that is to say Cole with the iagged leaues The fourth kind of red Cole is called Brassica Sabellica and of such as write in these dayes Brassica crispa in Frenche Chous Crespues in high Douche Krauser kol in base Almaigne Ghecronckelde koolen in Englishe Wrinckled or russed Cole The fifth and smallest is called in high Douche Kleinder kolen that is to say the small and slender Cole in Frenche Petit Chou in base Almaigne Slooren This is the thirde kinde of Colewurtes described by Cato the whiche is properly called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Crambe †The Nature Colewurtes are hoate and drie in the first degree and of a clensing or scouring facultie especially the red kinde †The Vertues The iuyce of Colewurtes taken by it selfe or with Saltpeter softeneth the belly and causeth one to go to the stoole the like propertie hath the first water wherin the Colewurtes haue ben boyled The iuyce of Colewurtes dronken with wine is good against the bitinges of Serpentes The same layde to with the meale of Fenugrek helpeth members troubled with the gowte It doth clense and heale olde rotten sores The same put vp into the nosethrilles purgeth the brayne and head The same mingled with vineger and put warme into the eares is good against deafenesse and against the humming or ringing of the same The same as a pessarie put vp into the natural places of women prouoketh the flowers The same boyled as a Syrupe with hony often licked in is good against hoarsenesse and the cough The decoction or broth of Colewurtes especially of the first kinde and of the very worste or meanest sorte of redde Colewurtes haue all the aforesayde properties the whiche taken eyther alone or with Sugar doth both lightly and gently loose and soften the belly and prouoketh womens natural sicknesse The same broth is also good for all woundes for if they be often washed therewith it doth both mundifie and heale them The young leaues eaten raw with vineger or perboyled do open the belly very gently and cause to make water and are very good also to be eaten of suche as be splenitique The same taken after meate or meale in the same manner do cure dronkennesse and the headache proceeding of the same The same alone or with parched Barley meale are very good to be layde vnto blacke and blewe markes that come of stripes and al other hoate inflammations or swellinges The same leaues sod and layde to with hony are good for consuming and filthy sores The seede of Colewurtes taken in Meade or watered honie doth kyll and expel al sortes of wormes The stalkes burned to asshes and mengled with old swines grease is good to be layde to the olde paynes or ache in the side ⧠The Danger Colewurtes eaten engender grosse and melancholique blood especially the red kinde The white are better to digest and engender more agreeable and better nourishment especially when they haue ben twise boyled Of Wilde Colewurtes Chap. vij †The Description WYlde Colewurtes in leaues and flowers are much lyke to the small Colewortes or that they cal Crambe sauing that his leaues and stalkes be whiter and a litle hearie in taste much bitterer †The Place This Colewurt groweth in high rough places by the sea side as Dioscorides writeth There is muche of it founde in many places of Zealande vpon high bankes cast vp by mans hand ⧠The Names This kinde of Cole is named in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some Halmiridia in Latine Brassica syluestris and Brassica rustica that is to say Wilde Colewurtes or Countrie Colewurtes in base Almaigne Zee Koolen and wilde Zee Koolen and of some writers nowe a dayes Caulis marinus and Brassica marina albeit this is not that Brassica marina whereof Dioscorides writeth whiche we haue described alredy in the third part of this worke amongst those kinds of plātes called Windweeds or bindweedes †The Nature This kind of Cole is very hoate and dry of complexion stronger in working then the great Colewurtes Brassica syluestris †The Vertues The wild Cole in operation is lyke to the garden Colewurtes but stronger and more abstersiue or scouring and therefore nought to be vsed in meates The leaues thereof newly gathered and stamped do cure and heale greene woundes and dissolue tumours and swellinges being layde therevpon Of Spinache Chap. viij †The Description SPinache hath a long leafe sharpe pointed of a brownishe or greene colour soft gentle ful of sap and deeply cut with large stittes vpō both sides about the largest parte or neather ende of the leafe The stalke is round and holow within Some of the plantes haue flowers clustering or thick set alongst the stalkes and some bring foorth seede without flowers in thicke heapes or clusters full and plenteous and for the most part prickley †The Place It is sowen in gardens amōgst pot herbes †The Tyme They vse to sow Spinache in March and April and it flowreth and beareth seede within two monethes after the sowing They also vse to sow it in September that continueth all the winter without bearing seede vntil the spring time †The Names This potherbe or rather Salet herbe is
the Iaundise prouoke vrine and womens flowers and do breake and driue foorth the stone and grauell The rootes of these herbes boyled in vineger or brused rawe doo heale all scabbednesse and scuruie itche and all outwarde manginesse and deformitie of the skinne being layde therevnto The decoction or broth of them is also very good agaynst all manginesse wilde festering and consuming scabbes to make a stew or broth to washe in The wine of the decoction of them doth swage the tooth ache to be kept in the mouth and to washe the teeth therewith it swageth also the payne of the eares dropped therein The rootes also boyled and laid to the hard kernels and swelling tumours behinde the eares do dissolue and consume them The same pounde with vineger doth heale and waste the hardnesse of the melt or splene and pounde by them selues alone and layde vpon the secrete places of women doth stop the immoderate fluxe of the wombe or flowres Some write that this roote hanged about the necke doth helpe the kinges euill or swelling in the throte Of Lampsana Chap. x. †The Description LAmpsana is a wild worte or potte herbe hauing large leaues of a whitishe or pale greene colour deepely cutte vppon both sides like the leaues of Rape or Senuie but a great deale smaller The stalkes growe two foote high are diuided agayne into many small branches at the toppe whereof growe many smal yellow flowers almost lyke to the flowers of the least Hawkeweede ¶ The Place Lampsana groweth most commonly in al places by high way sides and specially in the borders of gardens amongst wortes and potherbes †The Tyme It flowreth almost al the sommer ¶ The Names This herbe is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Lampsana of some Napiū †The Nature Lampsana is somewhat abstersiue or scouring Lampsana †The Vertues Lampsana as Galen writeth takē in meate engendreth euill iuice and noughtie nourishment yet Dioscorides sayth that it nourisheth more and is better for the stomacke then the Docke or Patience Being layde to outwardly it doth clense and mundifie the skinne and therfore is good against the scuruie itche Of Algood Chap. xi †The Description ALgood hath long large thicke leaues almost like to the leaues of Sorrel but shorter and broder the stalke is grosse of a foote high vpō which groweth the seede clustering togither almost like to Orache The roote is great long thicke and yellow ¶ The Place Algood groweth in vntoyled places about wayes pathes by hedges †The Tyme You shall find it in flower in Iune and Iuly †The Names This herbe is called in Latine Tota bona of some also 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chrysolachanō that is to say in Latine Aureū olus for his singuler vertue in Frēch Toute bonne in high Douch Guter Hērich Schmerbel in base Almaigne Goede Heinrich Lammekens oore and of some Algoede in English Good Henry and Algood of some it is taken for Mercurie †The Nature Algood is drie abstersiue or scouring ⧠The Vertues Algood taken as meate or broth doth soften the belly and prouoketh the stoole This herbe greene stamped and layde to healeth old sores and greene wounds and killeth and bringeth foorth wormes that ingender in the same Matthiolus lib. 2. Dioscor Chap. 162. Radicis succus illitus scabiem tollit Cutis maculas extergit praesertim si cum aceto misceatur Quidam eam quoque praeferunt aduersus venenosorum animalium morsus Totabona Of Endiue and Succory Chap. xij †The Kyndes ENdiue according to Dioscorides and other Auncient writers of Physicke is of two sortes the one called Garden Endiue or Succorie and the other wild Succorie Wherof the garden Endiue or Succory is diuided againe into two sortes or kindes one hauing brode white leaues and the other narrowe iagged leaues Likewise of the wilde kinde are two sortes one kind hauing blew flowers the other hath yellow flowers †The Description THe white garden Succorie with the brode leaues hath great long large soft whitegeeene leaues not much vnlike the leaues of some sorte of Letuce The stalke is rounde set with the like leaues whiche growe vp sodenly bearing most commonly blewe flowers and sometimes also white After the flowers foloweth the seede whiche is white The roote is white and long the which withereth and starueth away the seede being once ripe The second kind of garden Succorie hath long narrow leaues sometimes creuished or slightly toothed about the edges The stalke is round the flowers blewe lyke to the flowers of the aforesayde The roote is white and long full of sappe and dieth not lightly albeit it hath borne both his flowers and seede Intubum satiuum latifolium White Succory Intubum satiuum angustifolium Garden Succorie The fourth kind which is the wild yellow Succorie is also like to Succorie in stalkes and leaues the stalkes be a cubite long or more full of branches The leaues be long almost like the leaues of wilde Endiue but larger The flowers be yellow fashioned like the flowers of Dent de lyon but smaller The roote is of a foote long full of white sap or iuyce which commeth foorth whan it is hurt †The Place The first and seconde kinde are planted in the gardens of this Countrie The thirde groweth in drie grassie and vntoyled places and somtimes also in moyst groundes The fourth kinde groweth in medowes and moyst waterie places about diches and waters †The Tyme These herbes flower at Midsomer and sometimes sooner or rather especially the white Endiue the whiche being timely sowen in Marche flowreth bytimes Therefore the gardiners which would not haue it to flower but are desirous to haue it great and large do sowe it in Iuly and August for being so lately sowen it flowreth not al that yeere but waxeth large and great a little before winter they plucke it vp from the ground and bind togither the toppes and burie it vnder sande and so it waxeth all white to be eaten in Salades with oyle and vineger ⧠The Names These herbes be called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Intuba of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Picridae Intubum syuestre Cichorium Hedypnois Yellow Succorie The second is also a kind of garden Endiue or Intubum satiuum is called Cichorium satiuum hortense in shoppes Cicorea domestica in English garden Succorie in Frenche Cichorée in high Douch Zam Wegwarten in base Almaigne Tamme Cicoreye The thirde kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Cichorium Intubum syluestre of some Ambubeia in shoppes Cicorea syluestris in French Endiue sauuage in high Douche Wilde Wegwarten in base Almaigne Wilde Cicoreye in English Wilde Endiue The fourth kind with the yellow flowers is called of Plinie Hedypnois in high Douch Geelwegwart in French Cichorée iaulne in base Almaigne Geel Cicoreye in English Yellow Succorie ¶ The Nature These herbes be colde and drie
for them that be liuer sicke and for them that haue any payne or stopping of the raynes and eaten with vineger and mustarde it is good against the Lethargie whiche is a drowsie and forgetfull sicknesse It is also good for such as are sicke with eating Tadestooles or Mushrumes or Henbane or other venome and for them that haue the cholique and griping paynes in their bellyes as Plistonicus and Praxagoras writeth It moueth womens flowers and as Plinie writeth causeth abundance of milke The roote stamped very smal with vineger cureth the hardnesse of the melt or splene being layde therevpon The same with hony stayeth fretting festering and consuming sores also it is good against scurffenesse and scales of the head and filleth vp agayne bare places with heare The same with the meale of Darnel or Iuray taketh away blewe spottes of brused places and al blemishes and freckles of the face The seede thereof causeth one to vomit vehemently and prouoketh vrine and being dronken with hony and vineger it kylleth driueth foorth wormes of the body The same taken with vineger wasteth the melt or splene and flaketh the hardnesse therof The same sodden in honied vineger is good to be often vsed hoate for a gargarisme against the Squinancie The wilde or water Radish hath the same vertue and in working is like to the garden Radish but altogither stronger and is inguler to prouoke vrine Of Raifort or mountayne Radish Chap. xxxvij †The Description MOuntayne Radish or Rayfort hath great brode leanes in fashion lyke to the great Docke called Patience but greater and rougher The stalkes be tender short and small at the top whereof are small white flowers and after them very smal huskes wherein is the seede The roote is long and thicke of a very sharpe taste and biting vpon the tongue therefore it is pound or stamped very small to be eaten with meates and specially fishe in steede of Mustarde ¶ The Place It is founde for the most part planted in gardens and where as it hath ben once set it remayneth a long season without perishing †The Time The great Raifort springeth vp in April and flowreth in Iune †The Names This herbe is called of the later writers Raphanus magnus Raphanus montanus in Frenche Grand Raifort Raphanus in high Douche Meerretich and Kern in Brabant most commōly Raphanus of some also Merradijs Some of the learned sort of the later writers doo take it for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Raphanus of the Auncient Atheniens the whiche as some write is an enimie to the vine but this is not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Theophrast or of the other Greekes their successours Who take for Raphanus Brassica Romanorum whiche is our common Colewurtes Some others iudge it to be Thlaspi wherof Cratenas writeth but their opinion is nothing like to the trueth Raphanus magnus †The Nature The great Rayfort is hoate and drie almost in the thirde degree especially the roote in whiche is the cheefest vertue †The Vertues The roote of the great Rayfort is in vertue muche like to Radishe but it is hoater and stronger but not so muche troubling the stomacke The same being very small grounde or stamped may be serued to men in steede of Mustarde or other sawce to eate fishe withall for being so taken it warmeth the stomacke and causeth good appetite and digesteth fish very wel It hath bene also founde by experience that the great Raifort doth hinder the growing of the vine and being planted neare it causeth the vine to starue and wither away the whiche thing the later Greeke writers not the Atheniens do ascribe to Colewurtes Of Carrottes Chap. xxxviij †The Kindes THere be three sortes of Carrottes yellowe and red whereof two be tame and of the garden the thirde is wilde growing of it selfe †The Description Staphilinus luteus Yellow Carrot Staphilinus niger Red Carrot Staphilinus syluestris Wilde Carrot The red Carrot is lyke to the aforesayde in the cuttes of his leaues and in stalkes flowers and seede The roote is lykewise long and thicke but of a purple red colour both within and without The wilde is not much vnlyke the garden Carrot in leaues stalkes flowers sauing the leaues be a little rougher and not so much cut or iagged in the middle of the flowrie tuftes amongst the white flowers groweth one or two little purple markes or speckes The seede is rougher and the roote smaller and harder then the other Carrottes †The Place The manured or tame Carrot is sowen in gardens The wilde groweth in the borders of feeldes by high wayes and pathes and in rough vntoyled places †The Tyme Carrotes doo flower in Iune and Iuly and their seede is rype in August ¶ The Names Carrottes are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Pastinacae The first kinde is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Pastinaca satiua of the later writers Staphilinus Luteus in high Douche Zam Pastiney Zam Pastinachen and Geel Ruben in French Pastinade iaulne in base Almaigne Geel Peen Pooten and Geel wortelen in Englishe Yellowe Carrottes The second kinde is also Staphilinus satiuus and is called Staphilinus niger in Frenche Pastenade rouge in high Douch Rot Pastiny in base Almaigne Caroten in English Red Carrottes And these two garden Carrottes are in sight lyke to 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Daucus described by Theophraste lib. ix Chap. xv and lyke to the herbe whiche Galen in his syxth booke of Symples nameth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say Daucus Pastinaca The wilde kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Pastinaca syluestris in Shoppes Daucus as we haue declared in the seconde booke of some it is also named Pastinaca rustica Carota Babyron and Sicha in Frenche Des Panaz or Pastenade sauuage in high Douche Wild Pastnach or wild Pasteney and Vogelnest in base Almaigne Vogels nest and Croonkens cruyt in Englishe Wilde Carrot †The Nature The roote of Carrottes is temperate in heate and drynesse The seede therof especially of the wilde kinde is hoate and drie in the second degree †The Vertues Carrot rootes eaten in meates nourishe indifferently well and bycause it is somewhat aromaticall or of a spicelyke taste it warmeth the inward partes being eaten moderately for when it is to muche and to often vsed it engendreth euill blood The rootes of Carrottes especially of the wilde kinde taken in what sorte soeuer it be prouoke vrine and the worke of veneri And therefore Orpheus writeth that this roote hath power to encrease loue Carrot rootes made into powder and dronken with Meade or honied water open the stoppinges of the liuer the melt or splene the kidneyes raines and are good against the Iaunders and grauel The seede of wilde Carrot prouoketh womens flowers and is very good agaynst the suffocation and stiflinges of the Matrix being dronken in wine or layde to outwardly in manner of a pessarie
or mother suppositorie It prouoketh vrine and casteth foorth grauel and is very good agaynst the strangurie and Dropsie and for suche as haue payne in the syde the belly and raynes It is good against all venome and agaynst the bitinges and stinginges of venemous beastes Some men write that it maketh the women fruitfull that vse often to eate of the seede thereof The greene leaues of Carrottes brused with hony and layde to doo clense and mundifie vncleane and fretting sores The seede of the garden Carrot is in vertue lyke to the wilde Carrot but nothing so strong but the roote of the garden Carrot is more conuenient and better to be eaten Of Parseneppes Chap. xxxix †The Kindes There be two sortes of Parseneppes the garden and wilde Parsenep Pastinaca vulgaris Garden Parsenep Elaphoboscum Wilde Parsenep †The Description THE garden Parsenep hath great long leaues made of diuers leaues set togither vpon one stemme after the fashion or order of the leaues of the Walnut or Ashe tree whereof eache single leafe is broade or somewhat large and nickt or snipt round about the edges the stalke groweth to the height of a man channell straked and forrowed hauing many ioyntes lyke the stalke or stemme of Fenill at the toppe growe spokie tuftes bearing yellowe flowers and flat seedes almost lyke the seede of Dyll but greater The roote is great and long of a pleasant taste and good to be eaten The wylde Parsenep in leaues flowers and seede is much lyke the garden Parsenep sauing that his leaues be smaller his stalkes slenderer the roote is also harder and smaller and not so good to be eaten †The Place The manured and tame kinde is sowen in gardens The wilde groweth in this Countrie about wayes and pathes †The Tyme Parseneppes doo flower in Iune and Iuly and the garden Parseneppes are best and most meete to be eaten the winter before their flowring ¶ The Names The first kind is called in the Shoppes of this Countrie Pastinaca and the neather Douchemen borowing of the Latine do cal it Pastinaken in Englishe lykewise Parsenep in Frenche Grand Cheruy in high Douche Moren and Zam Moren and according to the same the base Almaignes call it Tamme Mooren Some take it for 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sisarum others take it for a kind of Staphilinus and Pastinaca And in deede it seemeth to be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Pastinaca whereof Galen writeth in his viij booke of Simples The wilde kinde is called in some Shoppes Branca leonina or Baucia in Frenche Cheruy sauuage in high Douch Wild Moren in base Almaigne Wilde Moren it is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some as witnesseth Dioscorides 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Elaphoboscum and Cerui ocellus in Englishe Wilde Parsenep †The Nature Parsenep is hoate and drie especially the seede whiche is hoater and drier then the roote †The Vertues The roote of the garden Parsenep eatē in meates as the Carrot doth yeeld more and better nourishment then Carrot rootes and is good for the lunges the raynes and the brest The same roote causeth one to make water well and swageth the paynes of the sydes and driueth away the windinesse of the belly and is good for such as be bruysed squat or bursten The seede of the wilde Parsenep is good agaynst all poyson and it healeth the bitinges and stinginges of all venemous beastes being dronken in wine And truely it is so excellent for this purpose that it is left vs in writing that when the Stagges or rather the wild Hartes haue eaten of this herbe no venemous beasts may annoy or hurt them Of Skirwurtes Chap. xl †The Description THe Skirwurt hath roūd stalkes the leaues be cut and snipt about lyke the teeth of a sawe diuers set vppon one stemme not muche vnlyke the leaues of garden Parsnep but a great deale smaller smoother The flowers grow in round tuftes of spoky toppes and are of a white colour and after that commeth a seede somewhat broade as I reade in my copie but the Skirworte that groweth in my garden which agreeth in al things els with the description of this Skirwort hath a litle long crooked seede of a browne colour the which being rubbed smelleth pleasantly somewhat lyke the seede of Gith or Nigella Romana or lyke the sauour of Cypres wood The rootes are white of a finger length diuers hanging togither and as it were growing out of one moare of a sweete taste and pleasant in eating Sisarum ¶ The Place These rootes are planted in gardens †The Tyme These rootes are digged out of the grounde to be eaten in Marche and the least or smallest of them are at the same time planted agayne the which be good and in season to serue agayne the yeere folowing to be eaten But whan they be left in the grounde without remouing they flower and are in seede in Iuly and August †The Names This roote is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Siser and Sisarum some men cal it Seruillum Seruilla or Cheruilla in Frēch Petit Cheruy in high Douch Gerlin Gierlin of some Zam Rapuntzel in base Almaigne Suycker wortelkens and Serillen in English Skyrwurt and Skirwit rootes †The Nature Skirwurtes are hoate and drie in the seconde degree †The Vertues The roote of Skirrets boyled is good for the stomacke stirreth vp appetite and prouoketh vrine The iuyce of the roote dronken with Goates milke stoppeth the laske The same dronken with wine driueth away windinesse and gripinges of the belly and cureth the hicket or yexe Of Garden Parsely Chap. xli †The Description GArden Parsely hath greene leaues iagged in diuers places deepe cut and snypt rounde about lyke the teeth of a sawe The stalkes be rounde vppon the whiche growe crownes or small spokie toppes with flowers of a pale yellowe colour and after them a small seede somewhat rounde and of a sharpe or biting tast and good smell The roote is white and long as the roote of Fenill but a great deale smaller †The Place Parsely is sowen in gardens amongst wurtes and potherbes and loueth a fat and fruitfull grounde †The Time The common Parsely flowreth in Iune his seede is ripe in Iuly a yere after the first sowing of it †The Names The cōmon Parsely is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Apium and Apium hortense in shoppes Petroselinum and the Douchmen folowyng the same calleth it Petersilgen or Peterlin in neather Douchland it is called Peterselie in Frenche Persil or Persil de iardin in Englishe Parsely and garden Parsely Apium hortense †The Nature Garden Parsely is hoate in the seconde degree and drie in the thirde especially the seede whiche doth heate and drie more then the leaues or roote †The Vertues Garden Parsely taken with meates is very wholesome and agreeable to the stomacke it causeth good appetite and digestion and prouoketh
rounder The flowers grow at the top of the stalkes of the fashion of a single Rose whereof the male kinde is of colour red and the femall white at the last they change into knoppes or huskes in whiche the seede is conteyned Wheras Cistus groweth naturally of his owne kind ther is foūd a certaine excrescence or outgrowing about the roote of this plant which is of colour somtimes yellow sometimes white and sometimes greene out of the whiche is a certaine iuyce taken out by art that which they vse in shops is called Hypocistis The second kind of Cistus which is also called Ledon is a plant of a wooddy substance growing like a litle tree or shrubbe with soft leaues in figure not muche vnlyke the others but longer and browner Cistus non ladanifera Cistus cum Hypocistide †The Place The first kinde of Cistus whose figure we set foorth here for your better vnderstanding groweth in sundrie places of Italy Sicile Candie Ciprus Languedoc many other hoate Countries in rough stony vntoyled places The seconde kinde is often found in Crete Ciprus and also in Languedoc †The Tyme The first kinde of Cistus floweth in Iune and sometimes sooner The seconde Cistus flowreth and bringeth foorth seede in the spring time immediatly after the leaues fal of about sommer it recouereth newe leaues againe vpon the whiche leaues about midsomer and in the hoatest dayes is founde a certayne fatnesse the which is diligently gathered and dried to make that gumme whiche they call Ladanum ⧠The Names The first kinde of these plantes is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Cistus and Cistus non Ladanifera of Scribonius Largus Rosa syluatica That which groweth about the roote of Cistus is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of some Erythanon and Cytinus out of this they drawe foorth a sappe or liquor the which they call Hypocistis and in shoppes Hypoquistidos The second kind of Cistus is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Ledum Ladum and of the later writers Cistus Ladanifera The fat dewe or liquor whiche is gathered from the leaues is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Ladanum and in Shoppes Lapadanum †The Nature The flowers and leaues of Cistus are drie in the seconde degree and somewhat astringent That whiche groweth about the rootes is of lyke temperature but more astringent Ladanum is ful hoate in the first degree and reacheth neare vnto the second and is somewhat drie and astringent †The Vertues The flowers of Cistus boyled in wine and dronke stoppeth the laske and all other issue of blood and it dryeth vp all superfluous moysture aswell of the stomacke as other partes of the belly The leaues of Cistus do cure heale smal woundes being laid therevpon Hypocistis stoppeth all laskes and fluxes of the belly is of a stronger operation then the flowers or leaues of Cistus wherfore it cureth the bloody flixe and all other fluxes especially the superfluous flowing of womens flowers Ladanum dronken with olde wine stoppeth the laske and prouoketh vrine It is very good agaynst the hardnesse of the matrix or mother layde to in manner of a pessarie and it draweth downe the secondes or after birth when it is layde vpon quicke coles and the fumigation or parfume therof be receiued vp into the body of women The same applied to the head with Myrrhe and oyle of Myrrhe cureth the scurffe called Alopecia and keepeth the heare from falling of but wheras it is alredy fallen away it will not cause the heare to growe agayne Ladanum dropped into the eares with honyed water or oyle of Roses healeth the payne of the same If it be layde to with wine vpon the scarres or sores of woundes it taketh them away It is also very profitably mixt with al oyntmentes and playsters that serue to heate soften and asswage paynes and suche as be made to lay to the breast against the cough Of the Gramble or Glackebery bushe Chap. iiij ¶ The Kindes The Bramble is of two sortes as Ruelius writeth the great and the smal †The Description THE great Bramble hath many long slender branches or shutes full of sharpe prickley thornes whereby it taketh holde and teareth the garmentes of such as go neare about thē The leaues are not smoth but crompled or frompled and deepely cut rounde about the edges of colour white vnderneath and browne aboue The flowers be white not much vnlyke the flowers of Strawberies after commeth the fruit of a swart red colour at the first but afterwarde it is blacke and it consisteth of diuers beries clustering togither not muche vnlyke the Mulberie but smaller and ful of of a redde wynie sappe or iuyce The lesser Brambles are muche lyke to the greater but this creepeth most commonly vppon the ground with his shutes and branches and taketh roote easily in diuers places incroching grounde with the toppes of his branches The branches or shutes of this Bramble be also set with prickley thornes but the thornes or prickles be not so sharpe the fruite is also like to a smal Mulberie but lesser then the fruite of the other The rootes of both kinds do put foorth many slender shutes and branches the whiche do creepe and trayle alongst the grounde †The Place Brambles do grow much in the feelds and pastures of this Country and in the wooddes and Copses and such other couert places †The Tyme The Bramble bush flowreth frō May to Iuly and the fruite is ripe in August ⧠The Names The Bramble especially the greater sort is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Rubus and Sentis in high Douche Bremen in base Almaigne Breemē Braemen in Englishe the Bramble or blacke berie bushe in Frenche Rouc◠The fruit of the same is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Morum rubi Vacinia in shops Mora bati and of some ignorant people Mora bassi in Frenche Meure de Rouce or Meurons in high Douch Brombeer in base Almaigne Braēbesien and Haghebesien in Englishe Bramble beries and blacke beries Rubus The Bramble The lesser berie is called of Theophrastus in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chamębatus that is to say in Latine Humirubus and the fruite is called in Frenche Catherine in Englishe a heare Bremble or heath Bramble a Cocolas panter and of some a bryer The fruite is called a Dewberie or blackberie ¶ The Nature The tender springes and newe leaues of the Bramble are colde and drie almost in the thirde degree and astringent or binding and so is the vnripe fruite The ripe fruite is somewhat warme and astringent but not so much as the vnrype fruite ⧠The Vertues The newe springes of the Bramble do cure the euill sores and hoate vlcers of the mouth and throte also the swellinges of the gummes Almondes of the throte and the vuula if they be holden
womens natural sicknesse to be taken by it selfe or with Penny Ryal or put vnder in manner of a pessarie or mother suppositorie They minge it profitably amongst Oyles and oyntmentes that are made to heate mollifie and heale the harde or stiffe members that are waxen dead asleepe benummed or weried it cureth also the cliftes or riftes of the fundement and great gut being layde to with water Agnus Castus is good against al venemous beastes it chaseth and driueth away al Serpents and other venemous beastes from the place where as it is strowed or burned it healeth all bitinges and stinginges of the same if it be layde vpon the place greeued the lyke vertue hath the seede thereof dronken It helpeth the hardnesse stoppinges apostumations and vlcers of the matrix if wemen be caused to sit in the decoction or broth thereof The leaues therof with butter do dissolue and swage the swellinges of the genitours or coddes being layde therevnto Some write that if such as iourney or trauell do carrie a branche or rod of Agnus Castus in their hand it wil keepe them both frō chauffing werinesse Of Coriers Sumach Chap. xxvij †The Description SVmach groweth lyke a busshie shrub about the height of a man bringing foorth diuers branches vpon which grow long soft heary or veluet leaues with a red stem or sinewe in the middle the whiche vppon euery syde hath sixe or seuen litle leaues standing one against another toothed and snipt about the edges lyke the leaues of Agrimonie whervnto these leaues are muche lyke the flowers growe amongst the leaues vppon long stemmes or footestalkes clustering togither lyke the Cattes tayles or blowinges of the Nut tree of a white greene colour The seede is flat and red growing in rounde beries clustering togither lyke grapes †The Place It groweth abundantly in Spayne and other hoate Countries It is not found in this Countrie but amongst certayne diligent Herboristes †The Tyme Sumach flowreth in this Countrie in Iuly Rhus Coriaria †The Names This plant is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of Hyppocrates 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Rhus of some Rhos of the Arabian Apothecaries and Physitions Sumach in Brabant of the Corriers and Leather dressers which for the most part do trimme and dresse Leather like Spanishe skinnes Smack in Englishe Sumach and Leather Sumach or Coriers Sumack The seede of this Rhus is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Rhus obsoniorum in Englishe Meate Sumach and Sauce Sumach The leaues are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Rhus Coriaria and with the same leaues they dresse and tanne skinnes in Spayne and Italy as our Tanners do with the Barke of Oke †The Nature The leaues iuyce and beries of Sumach are colde in the seconde degree and drie in the thirde degree and of a strong binding power ⧠The Vertues The leaues of Sumach haue the same power as Acatia hath wherefore they stop the laske and the disordered course of womens flowers with al other issue of blood to be first boyled in water or wine and dronken The water wherein the same leaues haue bene boyled stoppeth the laske and blooddy flixe to be powred in as a glister or to bathe in the same decoction it drieth vp also the running water filth of the eares when it is dropped into the same and it maketh the heare blacke that is washed in the same decoction or broth The seede of Sumach eaten in sauces with meate doth also stop all flures of the belly with the blooddy flixe and womens flowers especially the white flowers The same layde vpon newe bruses and squattes that are blacke and blew greene woundes and newehurtes defendeth the same from inflammation or deadly burning appostumation or euil swelling also from exulceration The same pounde with Oken coales and layd to the Hemeroydes or flowing blood of the fundamēt healeth drieth vp the same The same vertue hath the decoction of the leaues or seede to wash or bathe the Hemeroydes therein Of Lycores Chap. xxviij Glycyrrhiza Radix dulcis Lycoryse Glycyrrhiza communis Radix Scythica Common Lycorise †The Description LYcoryse hath straight twigges and branches of three or foure foote high set with brownishe leaues made of many smal leaues standing neare togither alongst the stemmes one directly against another lyke the leaues of the Masticke tree Tragium or bastarde Dyctam the flowers growe vpon short stemmes betwixt the leaues and the branches clustering togither lyke to small pellettes or balles the which being past there foloweth rounde rough prickley heades made of diuers rough huskes clustered or set thicke togither in whiche is conteyned a flat seede The roote is long and straight yellow within and browne without not much vnlyke the fashion of the roote of Gentian but sweete in taste There is another kinde of Licoryse whose stalkes and leaues be like to the aforesayde but the flowers and coddes thereof growe not so thicke clustering togither in round heades or knoppes but they grow togither lyke the flowers of Spike vpon small footestemmes or lyke the flowers of Galega or that kind of wilde Fetche whiche some iudge to be Onobrychis or Medica Ruellij in Frenche Sainct Foin The rootes of this Lycorise grow not straight but trauersing ouerthwart with many branches of a brownishe colour without and yellowe within in taste sweete yea sweeter then the aforesayde †The Place Lycoryse as Dioscorides sayth groweth in Pontus and Cappadocia The seconde sort is founde in certayne places of Italy and Germanie In this Countrie they growe not of them selues but planted in the gardens of some Herboriftes but the seconde sort is best knowen †The Tyme Lycoryse flowreth in Iuly and in September the seede is rype ⧠The Names Lycoryse is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Dulcis radix and Dulci radix in Shoppes Liquiritia in high Douche Suszholtz and Suszwurtsel in base Almaigne Suethout Galissihout and Calissihout in Frenche Riglice Rigoliste and Erculisse The first kinde of Lycorise or Glycyrrhiza whereof Dioscorides writeth may very well be called Glycyrrhiza vera or Dioscorides Glycyrrhiza that is Dioscorides Lycorise and the right Licorise The second is Glycyrrhiza communis or Glycyrrhyza Germanica the which Lycoryse is common in the shops of this Countrie This is that roote whiche Theophrastus calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of Plinie Radix Scythica Also this is the roote called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Alimos without aspiration †The Nature Lycorise is temperate in heate and moysture †The Vertues The roote of Lycorise is good against the rough harshnesse of the throte and breast it openeth and dischargeth the lunges that be stufte or loden ripeth the cough and bringeth foorth fleme being chewed and kept a certayne space in the mouth The iuyce of the roote hath the same vertue to be taken for
tame Pomegranate tree is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Cytini The flowers of the wilde after Dioscorides are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 accordingly in Latine Balaustium in French Des Balustres And these flowers are very double and there foloweth no fruite after The flowers that bring foorth fruite are single and therefore they are named the tame The rinde or pill of the Pomegranate is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Malicorium and Sidium †The Nature Pomegranates be colde and somewhat astringent but not al of a lyke sort The sower are more drying and astringent The sweete are not so much astringent but more moyst then the others Those that be in taste lyke wine are indifferent ⧠The Vertues The iuyce of the Pomegrate is very good for the stomacke comforting the same when it is weake and feeble and cooling when it is to hoate or burning it is good also against the weaknesse and wambling of the stomacke lyke as the iuyce of Orenges and Citrons and it is very good against al hoate agues and the inflammation of the liuer and blood especially the iuyce of the sower Pomegranates and next to them suche as be of winish taste for the sweete Pomegranates bycause they engender a litle heate and breede winde are not very meete to be vsed in agues The blossomes both of the tame and wilde Pomegranate trees as also the rinde or shell of the Pomegranate made into powder and eaten or boyled in red wine and dronken are good against the blooddy flixe and the inordinate course of the mother not onely taken as is aforesayde but also to sit or bath in the decoction of the same The same barke or blossoms do stoppe the blood of greene woundes if it be applied in what sort so euer it be The same barke killeth wormes and is a good remedie against the corruption in the stomacke and bowels With the same barke or with the flowers of the Pomegranate the moyst and weake gummes are healed and it fasteneth loose teeth if they be washed with the broth or decoction of the same The barke and as Turner saith the flowers are good to be put into the playsters that are made against burstinges that come by the falling downe of the guttes The seede of Pomegranates dried in the Sonne haue the lyke vertue as the flowers it stoppeth the laske al issue of blood to be taken in the same maner The same mingled with hony is good against the sores and vlcers of the mouth the priuities and fundament Some say as Dioscorides writeth that whosoeuer eateth three flowers of the tame Pomegranate shal be for one whole yere after preserued from dropping or bleared eyes Of the Quince tree Chap. xxxix ¶ The Kyndes THere be two sortes of Quinces the one is rounde called the Apple Quince the other is greater and fashioned lyke a Peare and is called the Peare Quince †The Description THE Quince tree neuer groweth very high but it bringeth foorth many brāches as other trees do The leaues be roundishe greene vppon the vpper side and white and soft vnder the rest of the proportion is lyke to the leaues of the common Apple tree The flower changeth vpon purple mixed with white after the flowers cōmeth the fruite of a pleasant smel in proportion somtimes rounde as an Apple thruste togither and sometimes long lyke a Peare with certayne embowed or swellyng diuisions somewhat resembing the fashion of a garlyke head and when the hearie cotton or downe is rubbed of they appeare as yellow as golde In the middest of the fruite is the seede or kernelles lyke to other Apples Malus Cotonea †The Place Quince trees are planted in gardens and they loue shadowy moyst places †The Tyme The Quince is ripe in September and October †The Names The Quince tree is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Malus cotonea in high Douche Quittenbaum oder Kuttenbaum in base Almaigne Queappelboom in Frenche Coingnaciere The fruite is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Malum Cotoneum in Shoppes Cytonium in Frenche Coing in high Douch Quitten opffel and Kutten opffel in base Almaigne Queappel in English a Quince an Apple or Peare Quince Some call the rounde fruite Poma Citonia in Englishe Apples Quinces in Frenche Pomme de Coing or Coing in base Almaigne Queappelen The other fruite whiche hath the likenes of a Peare Galen calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Struthia and it is called in Englishe the Peare Quince in Frenche Pomme de Coing Coignasse in base Almaigne Quepeeren of some Pyra Cytonia †The Nature The Quince is colde in the first degree and drie in the second and astringent or binding †The Vertues The Quince stoppeth the laske or common fluxe of the belly the Dysenterie all fluxes of blood and is good against the spitting of blood especially when it is rawe for when it is either boyled or rosted it stoppeth not so muche but it is than fitter to be eaten and more pleasant to the taste The woman with childe that eateth of Quinces oftentimes either in meate or otherwayes shal bring foorth wise children of good vnderstanding as Simeon Sethy writeth The Codignac or Marmelade made with honie as it was wonte to be made in times past or with sugar as they vse to make it nowe a dayes is very good and profitable for the stomacke to strengthen the same and to retaine and keepe the meates in the same vntill they be perfectly digested Being taken before meate it stoppeth the laske and after meate it loseth the belly and closeth the mouth of the stomacke so fast that no vapours can come foorth nor ascende vp to the brayne also it cureth the headache springing of suche vapours The decoction or broth of Quinces hath the lyke vertue and stoppeth the belly and all fluxe of blood with the violent running foorth of womens sickenesse With the same they vse to bathe the loose fundement and falling downe of the mother to make them returne into their natural places They do very profitably mixe them with emplaysters that be made to stop the laske and vomiting They be also layde vpon the inflammations and hoate swellinges of the breastes and other partes The downe or heare Cotton that is founde vppon the Quinces sodden in wine and layde therevnto healeth Carbuncles as Plinie writeth The oyle of Quinces stayeth vomitinges gripings in the belly or stomacke with the casting vp of blood if the stomacke be annoynted therewith The flowers of the Quince tree do stoppe the fluxe of the belly the spetting of blood and the menstruall flowers To conclude it hath the same vertue as the Quinces them selues Of the Peache and Abrecok trees Chap. xl †The Kindes THere be two kindes of Peaches whereof the one kinde is late ripe and most commonly white and sometimes yellow also there be some that are red The
in high Douche Quetschen and Blauw Spilling in base Almaigne Pruymen van Damasch The common browne blewe and Crimsen Damsons are called Hispanica The yellowishe Plummes are called in Latine Cerea and Cereola Pruna in Englishe the Wheaten or white Plumme in Frenche Prunes blanches The great rounde redde Plummes are called of some in Latine Pruna asinina in English Horse Plummes in French Prunes de Cheual ▪ in high Douch Roszp flaumen in base Almaigne Rospruymen The least of all whiche be small and rounde are called in Frenche Dauoines in high Douche Herbstp flaumen and in base Almaigne Palloken The wilde Plumme tree Blacke thorne and Sloo tree is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Prunus syluestris in high Douche Schlehedorn in base Almaigne Slehedoren in Frenche Prunier sauluage The fruite is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Englishe Slose whereof that kinde whiche is founde growing vpon the blacke thorne is called Catte Slose and Snagges in Frenche Prunelles or Fourdeines in Latine Prunum syluestre Pruneolum and Prunulum in high Douche Schlehen in base Almaigne Slehen The iuyce of Snagges or Catte Slose is commonly called in Shoppes Acatia and is vsed in steede of Acacia ¶ The Nature The garden Plummes do coole and moysten the stomacke and belly The Snagges and Catte Slose are colde drie and astringent †The Vertues Plummes do nourishe but litle and ingender noughtie blood but they doo gently loose and open the belly especially when they be freshe and newe gathered after they be ripe Plummetree leaues are good against the swelling of the vuula the throte gummes and kernelles vnder the iawes for they stop the Reume flowing downe of humours if a man will gargle with the decoction thereof made in wine as Dioscorides writeth The gumme of the Plummetree dronken in wine breaketh the stone and expelleth grauell as some do write The wilde Plummes doo staye and binde the belly and so doo the vnripe Plummes and all others that be sower and astringent The iuyce of wilde Plummes or Snagges doo stoppe the laske womens flowers and all issue of blood and it may be very wel vsed in steede of Acatia Of Sebestens Chap. xlviij †The Description AMongst the kindes of Plummes those which are called in Shoppes Sebestens may be accounted the which do also growe vppon trees whereof the body or stemme is couered with a white barke and the branches with a greene pil or rind The leaues be roundish The fruit is not muche vnlyke the least kinde of Damsons or Plummes but smaller of a blewishe colour and sweete taste white within and of a viscus or clammie substance in the middle whereof are small stones with kernelles in them lyke to Plumme stones †The Place This fruite groweth in Italy and other hoate regions from whence it is brought alredy dryed vnto vs. †The Names This fruite bycause of his clammishnesse and slyme is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Myxa and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Myxaria in Shoppes Sebesten of some Sebastae of Matthiolus Prunus Sebestena ¶ The Nature The complexion of Sebestens drawe towardes colde and moyst and therfore they be of nature muche lyke to garden Plummes ⧠The Vertues Sebestens be good in hoate agues especially when the belly is stopte or bounde They be also very good against the cough and flowing downe of hoate and salt Catarres and Reumes vpon the breast and lunges They be also good against the inflammation of the bladder and kidneyes and against the strangurie and hoate pisse or the burninges of vrine Of Iuiubes Chap. xlix †The Kindes THere be two fortes of Iuiubes as Columella writeth that is to say redde and white †The Description IViubes is the fruit of a tree as the Sebestens be they be round and long not muche vnlyke an Oliue but smaller of colour either white or red in taste sweete the whiche being long kept waxe drie and full of wrinckles eache Plumine or fruite hath a harde long stone in it lyke in fashion to an Olyue stone but muche lesser ¶ The Place Iuiubes do growe in hoate regions as in Italy and other lyke places ⧠The Names This tree is called of Columella in Latine Ziziphus in English the Iuiub tree in Frenche Iuiubier and Guindoulier The fruite is called Zizipha in shops Iuiubae in English Iuiubes in Frēch Iuiubes and Guindoules in high Douche Brustbeerlin some thinke that Galen called this fruite in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Serica †The Nature Iuiubes are temperate in heate and moysture †The Vertues Iuiubes eaten are harde of digestion and nourishe very little but taken in Electuaries syrupes and other medicines they appease mollifie the roughnesse of the throte the breast and lunges and are very good against the cough In the selfe same maner they are very good for the reynes of the backe the kidneyes and the bladder whether they be exulcerated or inflamed or vexed with any sharpe and salt humour Of Cherries Chap. l. ¶ The Kindes THere be two sortes of Cherries great and small the small Cherries doo growe vpon high trees and the greater Cherries vpon meane trees And of euery kinde there be two fortes some red some blacke Bysides these kindes there are Cherries that grow three foure and fiue vpon a stemme and also that hang in clusters lyke grapes whereof of the learned Matthiolus hath giuen vs the figures †The Description THat tree which beareth the common small Cherries or Mazars is most commonly great high and thicke lyke to other trees The barke of this tree is playne smooth of colour lyke the barke of the Chesnut tree three or foure fold double the which will suffer to be scaled rinded stripte and pylde like to the barke of the Birche tree The leaues be great and somewhat long hackt about the edges with teeth lyke a sawe The flowers be white and parted into fiue or sixe small leaues The fruite hath a sweete smak or taste of colour sometimes redde sometimes browne in proportion like the greater Cherries but smaller yea sometimes very small In the same there is founde a small stone with a kernell therein closed The tree that beareth the great Cherries is not very high but most commonly of a meane stature in al thinges els like the other both in leaues and flowers The fruite is a litle long and rounde and of a pleasant sweete taste of colour somtimes of a faynt red and almost halfe white and halfe red sometimes browne wel neareall blacke whereof the iuyce stayneth purple or a faire Crimsen lyke to Brasill Cerasia Sweete Cherries Cerasa Racemosa Cluster Cherries Cerasa austera Sower Cherries The sower Cherries are to be be accounted amongst the rest This tree is most commonly weake and tender neither high nor great and therefore of no long continuance The leaues be also smaller but other wayes lyke the leaues of the sweete Cherries the flowers be white
Hedgehogge or Vrchin the which huskes do open of their owne accorde when the Chesnuttes be ripe so that they fall out of their sayde huskes of their owne kinde †The Place The Chesnut delighteth in shadowie places and mountaynes whose situation is towardes the North. There is plentie growing about the riuer Rhene in Swiserlande and Daulphinie also they growe plentifully in Kent abrode in the feeldes and in many gardens of Englande †The Time The Chesnuttes be ripe about the end of September and do last al the winter †The Names The Chesnut tree is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Castanea and Nux Castanea in high Douche Kestenbaum Castanibaum in base Almaigne Castanieboom in Frenche Castaignier The fruite is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Nux Castanea Iouis glans Sardiana glans in English A Chesnut in Frenche Castaigne in high Douche Kesten in base Almaigne Castanie †The Nature The Chesnuttes are drie and astringent almost lyke the Akornes or fruite of the Oke hoate in the first degree †The Vertues Amongst all kindes of wilde fruites the Chesnut is best and meetest for to be eaten for they nourishe reasonably wel yet they be harde of digestion and doo stoppe the belly Castanea Chesnut They make an Electuarie with the meale of Chesnuttes hony very good against the cough spetting of blood The same made into powder layd to as an emplaister with Barley meale and vineger doo cure the vnnaturall blastinges and swellinges of womens breastes The pollished red barke of the Chesnut boyled and dronken stoppeth the laske the blooddy flixe and all other issue of blood Of the Walnur tree Chap. lvi †The Description THe Walnut tree is high and great parted into many armes and branches the whiche do spreade abroade in length and breadth In the beginning of the spring time it bringeth foorth long tentes or yellowe ragged things compact of certayne scales hanging vpon the tree like smal Cattes tayles almost like to that whiche hangeth vpon Wythie but it is muche longer then the Chattons of Whythie the whiche do vade and wither and soone after they fall away After these tentes or Catkens the leaues begin to showe whiche be long and large and of a good smell made of many leaues growing one against another alongst a ribbe or sinewe whereof eache leafe is of lyke breadth and quantitie The fruite groweth amongst the leaues two three or foure in a cluster couered with a greene huske or shale vnder whiche also there is another harde shale of a woddish substance wherein is the braine nut or kernell lapt in a soft and tender pill or skinne †The Place The Walnut tree loueth dry places Mountaynes They are planted in diuers places of this Countrie and Almaigne in Orchardes alongst the feeldes †The Tyme The ragged Catkens of the Nut tree begin to spring out in Marche or at the fardest in in April The Nuttes be ripe about the ende of August ⧠The Names The Nut tree is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Nux in Frenche Noyer in high Douche Nuszbaum in base Almaigne Noteboom in Englishe the Walnut and Walshe nut tree The ragged Catkens whiche come foorth before the leaues are called in Latine Iuli nucum in Douche Catkens in Englishe Blossoms Tentes and Cattes tayles The fruite is called in Greke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Nux regia Nux iuglans Nux Persica in shops Nux in Frenche Noix in high Douche Welschnusz and Baumnusz in Brabant Okernoten in Englishe Walnuttes Walshe Nuttes and of some Frenche Nuttes †The Nature The Walnut being greene and newe gathered from the tree is cold and moyst Nux Walnuttes The drie nuttes be hoate and of a drying power and subtill partes The greene huske or shale of the Walnut dryeth muche and is of a binding power The leaues be almost of the same temperature †The Vertues The newe greene Nuttes are much better to be eaten then the dry Nuttes neuerthelesse they be harde of digestion and do nourishe very litle The dry Nuttes nourish lesse and are yet of a harder digestion they cause headache and are hurtfull to the stomacke and to them that are troubled with the cough and the shortnesse of breath A dried Nut or twayne taken fasting with a figge and a litle Rue withstandeth all poyson also they are mingled with a litle Rue and a figge to cure the vlcers of the pappes and other colde impostumes Dry Nuttes are good to be layd to the bitinges of mad Dogges with salt hony and Onyons Olde Oylie Nuttes do heale the scurffe and scales also they take away the blewe markes that come of stripes or bruses being pounde very smal and layd therevpon The same vertue hath the Oyle that is pressed out of them They make a medicine with the greene barke or shale of the Walnut the which is good against all tumours and vlcers whiche do but begin to arise in the mouth the throte and Almondes or kernelles vnder the tongue to be gargeled The decoction of the sayde greene huske with hony is good to gargell withall for the aforesayde purpose And the leaues be almost of the same vertue Of the Nutmegge and Maris Chap. lvij †The Description THE Nutmegge is the fruite of a certayne tree which in growing and leaues is not much vnlike our common Peache tree When this fruite is vpō the tree it is much lyke to a Walnut sauing that it is somwhat bigger First it hath in the outside a greene thicke huske or shale lyke to the vtter shale of our Walnut wherewithall it is couered all ouer vnder the same there is founde certayne thinne skinnes lyke to cawles or nettes of a redde or yellowish colour all iagged or pounsed of a very pleasant sauour the whiche is the right Macis and it lyeth fast couched vpon a harde wooddish shell lyke to a Filberd shell within that shel is inclosed the most Aromaticall and sweete smelling Nut which is harde thicke and full of Oyle †The Place This Nut is founde principally in the I le of Bandan the whiche is in the Indian Sea they grow there wilde in euery wood very plētifully as Lewse the Romayne writeth †The Names These Nuttes be called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Nux myristica in Shoppes Nux moschata in Englishe a Nutmegge in Frenche Noix muscade and Noix musquette in high Douche Moscaten in base Almaigne Note muscaten The litle thinne scale or pyll whiche is found vnder the vtter shale lying close vnto the harde wooddishe shel is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Macer yet for all that this is not Macer of the Auncientes it is called in English and and in Shoppes Macis in French Macis in high Douch Moscaten blumen in base Almaigne Foelie and Moscaetbloemen †The Nature The Nutmegges be hoate
and sometimes also in the hedges of this Countrie †The Tyme The small flowers doo blowe in May and the Nuttes are ripe in September Staphilodendron Plinij Nux vesicaria ⧠The Names This wilde tree is called of Plinie in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and in Latine Staphilodendron of them that write now Nux Vesicaria and of some Pistacium Germanicum although it is very litle lyke the Fistick Nuttes The fruite is called of the high Douchemen Pimpernusz of the base Almaignes S. Antuenis Nootkens that is to say in English S. Antonies Nuts †The Nature and Vertues As touching the naturall vertues and operations of this kinde of Nuttes we can say nothing bycause they serue to no purpose at al. Of Cytisus / or tree Trifoly Chap. lxi †The Description CYtisus is a shrubbe or bush with leaues not muche vnlyke Fenugreke or Sene the flowers be faire and yellow almost like to Broome flowers that which past there come holow huskes puft vp blowen lyke bladders cleare and shining the which do sound rattell when they be shaken In them is contayned the seede whiche is flat and swart not much vnlyke Lentiles †The Place This plante is not founde growing in this Countrie but in certayne gardens they plant it for Sene but wrōgfully †The Tyme It flowreth in May the sede is ripe in August †The Names This bushy shrubbe is named of Theophrastus in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of Theodor Gaza Coloutea or Colutea in Englishe of some Cytisus bush tree Trifoly but of the ignorant sort it is falsly called Sene in French Baguenaudier des Bagenaudes in high Douch Welsch Linsen in base Almaigne Lombaertsche Linsen and of the ignorant people vnproperly Seneboom Colutea Theophrasti Cytisus Latinorum †The Nature The leaues and seede of the Cytish bush are temperate of heate and moysture †The Vertues The fruit that is to say the seede also the leaues of Colutea or Cytisus as Theophrastus writeth doth fat Sheepe very quickly and causeth them yeelde abundance of milke Of the Date tree Chap. lxij †The Description THE Date trees be great with a straight thicke stemme or trūcke couered with a scaly barke At the top thereof growe many long branches with great plentie store of long straight narrow leaues or twigges lyke Reedes so that the said branches seeme to be none other thing but a bundel or sort of Reede leaues growing thicke togither vpō one branch amongst those branches groweth Palma the fruit clustering togither at the first and lapped in a certayne long and brode forrell or couering lyke to a pyllowe the which afterwarde doth cleeue abrode and open it selfe shewing foorth his fruite standing alongst by certaine Sions or small springes growing al out of a flatte and yellow branche like to the timber or wood of a Harpe the same fruite is rounde and long with a certayne long very harde stone in the same And it is to be noted that the male Palme tree bringeth foorth nothing els but the flower or blossom whiche vanisheth away but the female beareth the fruite which afterward commeth to ripenesse †The Place The Date tree groweth in Africa Arabia India and Syria Iudea and other Countries of the East or Orient †The Time The Palme or Date tree is alwayes greene flowreth in the spring time but the fruite in hoate Countries is ripe in Autumne †The Names The Date or Palme tree is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Palma in Almaigne Dadelboom and that is the right Palme The fruite is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phoenix and of Galien 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Phoenicobalanos in Latine Palmula in Shoppes Dactylus in Frenche Dattes in high Douch Dactelen in base Almaigne Dadelen and Daden in English Dates and the fruite of the Palme tree ¶ The Nature The branches and leaues of the Date tree are colde and astringent The fruite is hoate and drie almost in the seconde degree also astringent especially when it is not yet throughly ripe †The Vertues Dates be harde of digestion they stoppe the liuer and the milt they engender windinesse in the belly and headache also they engender grosse blood especially to be eaten greene and freshe for when they be through ripe they are not so hurtfull and being well digested in a good stomacke they nourishe indifferently Drie Dates do stoppe the belly and stay vomiting and wambling of the stomacke especially of women with chylde if they be layde as an emplayster to the belly or stomacke or if they be mingled with other medicines and eaten Also they do restore and strengthen the feeblenesse of the liuer and milte to be mingled with medicines conuenient either to be applyed outwardly or to be ministred and taken inwardly The leaues and branches of the Date tree doo heale greene woundes and soder or close vp vlcers and doo refreshe and coole hoate inflammations and therefore when as the Auncientes in olde time woulde make any emplayster for the purposes aforesayde they dyd alwayes vse to stirre about their sayde playsters with some branche of the Palme tree to the intent their sayde playsters and salues shoulde be of the more vertue and greater efficacie as a man may see in the composition of the emplaister named Diacalcitheos in Galens first booke De medicamentis secundum genera Of the Oliue tree Chap. lxiij ¶ The Kindes THere be two sortes of Oliue trees one called the garden or set Oliue tree the other is the wilde Oliue tree †The Description THE garden Oliue tree groweth high great with many branches ful of long narrow leaues not much vnlyke to Withy leaues but narrower smaller The flowers be small and white and growe in clusters The fruite is somwhat long and rounde almost of the making of a Damson or Plumme at the first greene without but after they beginne to waxe ripe they are blackish in the middle whereof is a litle stone which is hard and firme Out of this fruite that oyle is pressed whiche we cal oyle Oliue The wilde Oliue tree is lyke to the garden or tame Oliue tree sauing that the leaues therof be somwhat smaller amōgst which grow many prickley thornes The beries or fruit also are smaller do seldom come to ripenes insomuch as that oyle which is pressed foorth of them abideth euer greene and vnripe †The Place The Oliue tree delighteth to grow in dry vallies and vpon smal hillockes or barrowes it groweth plentifully throughout Spayne and Italy and ocher lyke regions Olea satiua The garden Oliue tree Olea syluestris The wilde Oliue tree †The Tyme The Oliue tree flowreth in Aprill and about the beginning of May but the Oliues are ripe in October †The Names The Oliue tree is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Olea in high Douche Oelbaum and Oliuenbaum in base Almaigne Olijfboom The wilde Oliue tree is
both is ripe in September †The Names The common Elder is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine and in the Apotecaries shoppes Sambucus in Frenche Suyn or Hus in high Douch Holder in base Almaigne Vlier The wilde is nowe called Sambucus syluestris and Sambucus ceruinus in high Douche Waldt Holder in base Almaigne Wilde Vlier †The Nature Common Elder is hoate and drie in the third degree especially in the barke the leaues and young buddes †The Vertues The leaues and tender croppes of common Elder taken in some broth or potage doth open the belly purging by the same both slymie fleme and cholerique humours The greene median barke of the branches of Elder do not much vary from the leaues and tender croppes but that it is of a stronger operation purging the sayde humours with payne and violence The seedes especially the litle flatte seede dried is profitable for suche as haue the Dropsie and for suche as are to fatte and woulde fayne be leaner if it be taken in the morning the quantitie of a Dramme with wine so that dyet be vsed for a certayne space The greene leaues pound are very good to be layd vpon hoate swellinges and tumours and being layde to playsterwise with Dearesuet or Bulles tallow they asswage the payne of the gowte The nature and vertues of the wilde Eldren are as yet vnknowen ⧠The Danger Elder of his owne nature is very euyll for man for it stirreth vp a great desire to vomit with great tossing and troubles to the stomacke in the bowelles and belly It maketh all the body weake and feeble and wasteth the strength and health of the liuer Of Walwort / or Dane wort Chap. xlv †The Description ALbeit Walwort is no tree norplant of a wooddy substance but an herbe that springeth vp euery yere a newe from his roote yet notwithstanding it lyketh vs best in this place to set out his description not onely bycause he is like vnto Elder but also bycause the auncientes haue alwayes set and described Elder Walwort togither the which I thought good to imitate in this matter Therefore Walwort is no wooddy plante but an herbe hauing long stalkes great straight and cornered parted by knottes and ioyntes as the branches of Elder vppon whiche groweth the leaues of a darke greene colour parted into diuers other leaues muche like to the leaues of Elder both in figure and smell At the highest of the stalkes it bringeth foorth his flowers in tuftes and afterwarde it hath seede and beries like Elder The roote is as bigge as a mans finger of a reasonable good length fitter to be vsed in medicine then the roote of Elder the which is hard and therefore not so fit as Walwort Ebulus †The Place Walwort groweth in places vntoyled neare vnto high wayes and sometimes in the feeldes specially there where as is any moysture or good ground and fruitefull †The Place Bryonie or the white Vinde do grow in most places of this Countrie in the feeldes wrapping it selfe and creeping about hedges and ditches The herbe whiche is taken for the blacke Bryonie is founde in certayne woodes on the hanging of hilles in good ground as in the Countrie of Fauquemont and rounde about Coloygne whereas of some it is accounted for a kinde of Naplus wherevnto it hath no kinde of lykenesse †The Tyme White Bryonie beginneth to flowre in May and the fruite is ripe in September †The Names White Bryonie is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Vitis alba in the Arabian tongue Alphesera of Mattheus Syluaticus Viticella in Shoppes Bryonia in Frenche Couleureé blanche in high Almaigne Stichwurtz and Hunds kurbs in base Almaigne Bryonie The other blacke kinde is called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Vitis nigra and Bryonia nigra of some 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Chironia vitis And it may be well called in French Couleureé noire in high Douche Schwartz Stickwurtz in base Almaigne Swerte Bryonie The herbe which some thinke to be the blacke Bryonie is called of some Christophariana and of others Costus niger albeit it is nothing like the right Costus †The Nature The roote of white Bryonie is hoate and drie euen vnto the third degree The blacke Bryonie is of the same complexion but not altogither so strong †The Vertues The roote of white Bryonie especially the iuyce thereof doth mightily prouoke to the stoole causing tough flemes to come foorth and prouoking vrine and is very good to mundifie and clense the braine the brest inward partes from flemes grosse and slimie humours The roote of Brionie taken daily the quantitie of a Dragme by the space of one whole yere healeth the falling euill It doth also helpe them that are troubled with the Apoplerie turninges or swimminges of the head Moreouer men do with great profite mingle it in medicines which they make agaynst the bitinges of Serpentes The quantitie of halfe a dragme of the roote of Brionie dronkē with vineger by the space of thirtie dayes healeth the Melt or Splene that is waxen harde and stopped It is good for the same entent if it be pounde with figges and layd outwardly vpon the place of the Splene Of the same they make an Electuarie with honie the whiche is very good for them that are short breathed and whiche are troubled with an olde cough and with payne in the sides and for them that are hurt and bursten inwardly for it dissolueth and dispatcheth congeled blood Being ministred below in a Pessari or Mother suppositorie it moueth womens flowers and deliuereth the Secondine and the dead childe The like vertue hath a bath made of the Decoction thereof bysides that it purgeth and clenseth the Matrix or Mother from al filthy vncleannesse if they do sit ouer it The same pound with salt is good to be layd vpō noughtie spreading sores that do freat and are corrupt and running especially about the legges And the leanes and fruit are as profitable for the same intent if it be layde to in like maner It clenseth the skinne and taketh away the shriueled wrinckles freckles made with the Sonne and all kindes of spottes and scarres if it be mingled with the meale of Orobus and Fenugrec So doth the oyle wherin the roote of Brionie hath ben boyled The same pounde mingled with wine dissolueth the blood that is astonde or fixed it dispatcheth al scarres and blewe markes of bruysed places and dissolueth newe swellinges it bringeth to ripenesse and breaketh old Apostemes It draweth foorth splinters and broken bones and appeaseth noughtie vlcers and agnailes that grow vp about the rootes of the nayles The fruit of Brionie is good against the itche leprie or noughtie scabbe The first springes or sprutinges are very good to be eaten in Salade for the stomacke they do also open the belly and prouoke vrine The roote of blacke Brionie is as good for al the greeues