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woman_n	bear_v	call_v	name_n	1,467	5	5.1027	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07871	A briefe collection and compendious extract of the strau[n]ge and memorable things, gathered oute of the cosmographye of Sebastian Munster. Where in is made a playne descrypsion of diuerse and straunge lavves rites, manners, and properties of sundry nacio[n]s, and a short reporte of straunge histories of diuerse men, and of the nature and properties of certayne fovvles, fishes, beastes, monsters, and sundrie countries and places; Cosmographia. English. Abridgments	Münster, Sebastian, 1489-1552.; Eden, Richard, 1521?-1576, attributed name.	1572 (1572)	STC 18242; ESTC S107531	75,351	206

being driuen frome their countrye withe their wiues remayning in the coasts of Cappadocia vsing to rob and spoyle the borderers were destroyed at the lengthe by conspiracie and disceit The wiues that folowed their husbandes and seinge that they were left alone tooke weapons and defended their borders and also moued war againste their neighbours they had nomynde at al to marye with their neighbours calling it a seruitute and not matrimonye a singuler example of al ages they encreased their common wealthe without husbandes and that one mighte not seme more happy then another they slew such husbandes as remayned at home At the length when they had gottē peace by force of armes they vsed the society of men in the countries by them least their whole nacion shoulde perishe for lacke of procreation and if any men children wer borne they destroyed them and their yōg women and maydes did not vse spinning nor carding but hunting and handlinge their weapons so that euery female childes breast was sered and burnt away lest they might be hindred therby in shoting whereof they toke that name were called Amazones They conquered a great part of Europe and did occupy many citties in Asia thei had .ii. quenes Marthesia and Lampedo which deuidinge their armie into two parts kept their battels with great welth and strength defending their borders stoutly They did build Ephesus and Smyrna in Asia the lesse did inhabite the chiefe citie in Cappadocia Some say that in some places amongest theym they had husbandes and that the women did beare all the rule and did al common busines and that the men did keepe charge at home like women obeying the women in all thinges Of Hartes in Cyprus IN the isle of Cyprus Hartes are commonly sene to swim in flockes ouer the sea in a straight order laying their heades vpon the buttocks of those that go before and this they go by course They se no land but yet they swim in the sauoure of it the males haue hornes and of all kinde of beasts euery yeare at an accustomed time in the spring they lose thē therfore that day that they lose them they go into desert places and hide themselues as thinges that haue lost their weapons in ●yght monethes the females bring for the yong they exercise their yonge with running and teache them to thinke vpon flyinge away They leade them to harde vnaccessible places and shew them howe to skyppe and leape but yet it is a simple beast and astonied at the meruaylinge at euerye thinge so that when a Horse or a Stere commeth neare they do not mark the man that is hunting at hand or elles if they perceiue a man they wonder at his bowes and arrowes They beare signes of their age in their hornes and for euerye yeare they haue the encrease of a braunche in their hornes vntil they be vi yeares of age and after that time the like doth ●pringe vpp agayne And after this their age can not bee discerned but olde age is kno●en by the 〈◊〉 the horn● do not fall away from su●h 〈◊〉 a●e geld●●●or do not spring agayne if they be gone The hartes ha●● a naturall conflict with the serpente they serche their ●●uerns with the breath of their nosethrils drawe them out against their wills And therefore the sauour of hartes horne burnt is good to driue away serpēts and against their bytings a si●guler remedy is made of the ruyn of an hy●de slaine in the dāms be●ly The harts liue a longe time as an ●undred yeares and more the end of the hartes tayle hath poyson in i● and therefore is it throwed away pow●er ●●●aped of the harts houre and drunke killeth the wornies in the stomache it is goode also against the Iaunders Of the Date tree THere is no countrye that bringeth forth more fruitful date trees then the Holy land there be date trees in Italy but they are barren aboute the the sea coaste of Spayne there be fruitful trees but it is an vnpleasant date in Affrica there is a sweete kinde of date but it lasteth not in the East part of the worlde they make wines of theim and some vse theim as bread and some geeue them as meate to their cattel Hereof be the drye dates most plentifull in iuyce and meate and of them wines are made very hurtful for the heade and as there is plentye of them in the East so are they a great deale better in Iurye and especially in Hie●ico It growethe in a lighte and sandye grounde it is ●ushy altogether in the top and hath not the fruite as other trees amongest the leaues but amongest his brāches The diligent searchers of Nature say● that there is both male and female the male hath flowers the female springethe without flowers much like vnto a thorn See Munster for more Of the dead Sea. THe dead Sea whiche is nighe vnto water of Iordane is so called because nothing can liue in it the Lake of itselfe is smookye and the ayre causeth rustines to brasse and siluer and all bryghte thinges This lake receiueth not the bodye of any liuinge thing Bulls and Camels swym in it and men that haue no knowledge of swimming if they go into it vnto the nauell they are lift vp There is no shippe can sayle on it If you put any liue thing into it it leapeth out A candell burninge wil swym aboue the light being put out it will be drowned the water of this Lake is alwaies standinge still and is not stirred with the winde it is merueilous daungerous and hard cōming to it for straungers both for wylde beastes and serpentse and also for a barbarous nacion that keepeth there about and troubleth the places therby with often robberies See Munster moore at large Of land transforming things into glasse IN Sydon there is a water that hathe Sande of easye alteracion into glasse This Sande what so euer metall it taketh it chaungeth into glasse and that which is made glasse if it be cast into the sand retournes again to sande And this is a strau●ge thinge at Sidon Of the Fishe called a purple THere be that writes the Purple to haue her coloure by reason of the propinquitie of the sonne Wherefore in Africa they haue as it were a vyolet colour and at Tyrus a red colour This Purple is a fishe of the kinde of a shell fishe where of a iuyce is gathered most necessary for the dying of garments This fishe hath this iuyce to coloure and dye Garmentes in the middeste of her mouth and iawes it is gotten and gathe●ed in the springe time for at other times she is barren and lacketh this iuyce She loseth her lyfe with the losse of this iuyce for she liueth no longer then she hath any of this iuyce and therefore it is goode to take them aliue She is a great deuourer of little shell fishe out of the whiche a lytour is taken wherewith Sylke is dyed purple She hath a

theym for the destruction and consuming of goode men in this case no manhode no fortitude nor strengthe of body no warlyke pollicie no weapons nor instrumentes no stronge holdes nor ●owers of stone can profite or do goode For these tormentes which shote stones and yron pieces and great flames of fyre do wast destroy and ouerthrow all thinges and bringeth them to nothing One shotte destroyeth an hundreth or two hundreth men in an armye bee they neuer so well harnysed Therbe ma●y kyndes of Bombardes and greate Gunnes whiche are to bee learned nominately of thē that for warlike affayres haue employed greate paines in the vse and experience of such thinges A notable historic of a thinge done at a towne in Germanie called Bingi●m NIgh vnto the towne of Bingium almoste in the middle of the water of Rhene a certayne turret called the Tower of Myce the name whereof was attributed to it vpon this euent In the yeare of our Lorde .914 When Otto the greate had the Empyre rule there was a certayn bishop of Magunce named Hatto who was the Abbot of Fulden before in whose tyme there was great famine in that countrye this Byshop when he perceiued the pore to be oppressed with greate famine did congregate and gather together a great number of the pore into one great barne and ●et the barne on fyer and so burnt theim For ●e sayde that they did not differ from Myce which consume and wast corne beinge profitable for nothinge But God suffered 〈◊〉 so great tyranny vnreuenged for hee commaunded the myce by great●●ockes ●● and with a multitude to inuade this Bishop without pitie and to afflicte and vexe him both daye and nighte and to ●●●●ue him quicke But this Bishop fliynge into this tower that I spake of before for refuge thinking himselfe to bee safe in the middest of the water of Rhene and free from all gnawing and bytinges of myce was much deceiued for all this profited him nothing because the Myce came without number through the water of Rhene swimming and ready to execute the iuste iudgemente of God The which thinge the miserable Bishop perceiuing at the length yelded and gaue vp his lyfe amongest the Myce. There bee some that writeth more ouer of him that the Myce did gnawe and eate out and vtterly extinguish his name frō the walles and banginges The lyke and more horrible historye you shall finde in Polonia where the King the Queene and their children were consumed of Myce. The Bathes called Badēses in Germany THe waters of the bathes of Baden haue this propertie that feathers of fowles being boyled in this water may be cleane taken awaye from the skinne a●d Swynes heares from their skinnes whether that they be cast liuing into this water or chafed with it being dead These waters haue the property of allum salt brimston therfore they be good for such as haue hard fetching of their breth and stopping of the breast which thinges rise of cold fluxes of the brayne they bee medicinable for moyst eyes and hissing ringing of the eares for trembling parts and astonied for the crampe other dis●eases touching the sinewes whiche com● of cold humidities they be good for such as haue a colde stomacke moist and ill o● digestion and those that suffer griefe of y liuer and splene through colde Also fo● such as are troubled with the dropsye or haue any griping in the guts they help● such as be troubled with the stone wo●men barren and vnfruitfull they take a●waye the griefe of the mother and do re●presse the euils of the wombe and the in●flacion of the thighes they heale scabbs wheales and scarres and haue a verye good propertie in helping the gowt See the third booke of Munsters cosm●●graphie for the nature vertue and hol●some properties of the bathes in Valesi●● The Hernesewe THe Hernesewe is a Fowle that lyueth of the water and yet she doth abhorre rayne and tempestes in so much that she seeketh to anoyde them by flying on highe She hath her nest in very highe trees and sheweth as it were a naturall hatred agaynst the Gosse hauke and other kindes of haukes as the hauke contrarye wyse seekethe her destruction continually when they fight aboue in that the ayre they labour both especiallye for this one thing that the one might ascend and be aboue the other if the hauke getteth the vpper place hee ouerthroweth vanquishethe the Hernesew with a meruaylous earnest flight but if the Hernesewe get aboue the hauke then with hys dung he defileth the hauke and so destroihim for his dung is a poyson to the hauke and his feathers do putrifye and rotte after yt ¶ A monster borne nighe vnto VVormes in Germany in the yeare .1495 A Woman was deliuered of two female children whole and perfecte in bodyes but in the top of the forheade they were ioyned and grewe together vnseperably so that they must nedes beholde one the other I my selfe sayth Munster did se them at Magunce in the yeare of our Lorde .1501 and then were they almost sixe yeres of age They were compelled by force of this naturall coniunction to go both together to slepe and rise together and whē one went forward the other went backewarde their noses did alnost touch together their eies dyd not loke straight and forwarde but onely sideways because a litle aboue their eies their forheads cleued did stick fast togethe● they liued vntil they were ten yeres of age and then when the one of them dyed and that was cut a way from the other lyuing she that lyued dyed also within a little after of a wounde that she tooke in the heade by cutting away of her felow or rather by a corruption in the brayne which came of the stinke of the wounde putr●faction The occasion of this mōster was thought to be this Two women talked together wherof the one was with child the third woman comming sodenly vpon them and vnloked for thrust the heades of those ii whiche were talkinge together so that they dashed and touched ech other wherof the woman that had conceiued alredy being made afrayde through strong imagination gaue and printed the signe of the rushing of their heades in her two children How scrupulous the Iewes be to do any thing on their Sabboth day IT chaunced that at Magdeburge in Germany about the yeare of our Lord 1270. A certayn Iew vpon the Saterday fell into a Iakes out of the whyche hee coulde by no meanes deliuer himselfe he cryed therfore pitifullye for the helpe of his fellowes at the length some of his companions came and they withe lamentable voyces shewed that it was their Sabboth day therefor not to be lawefull for them to vse or exercise the labour o● the handes Wherupon they exhorted him paciently to beare the thing vntill the next day that it might be lawfull for thē to traueyle in the helping of him out This matter at the last came vnto

from swynes fleshe and yet in deede he did disagree from both For circumcision whiche is commaunded to bee the eyght day extendeth to the very ful complet age and baptisme that taketh awaye spyrytuall filthynes whiche ought not to be reiterate is daylye of them reiterate The manners of the Assirians THe Assirians feede vppon Dates wherof they make both wyne and honye They kepe their heare long and bynde it vp with heare laces and fyllets They annoynte theym selues with fine oyntments before they goe abrode Of their lawes whyche they vsed this ●●e is memorable that their maydens and virgines beinge rype for men were ●rought into som open place ther were set to be solde yearly for them that wold marye any wyues and first of all the most beautiful ware set to sale They whyche had not so comely beautye so that no man woulde bye them nor scantlye take theim frelye were bestowed in matrimony with that somme of money whiche was gathered of the selling the fayre maydes They had no vse of phisicians but ther● was a lawe amongest theym that if any● did fall sicke he should aske counsayle o● those that had beene visited aud trouble● wyth the same sicknes Some say that thei● sicke folkes were caryed abrode and tha● by the lawe they whyche had bene sike a● any time should vysit suche as were no● sicke and teache them by what meanes ● remedies especially they were deliuered from their sickenes They had for thei● priestes men of greate knowledge in Astronomie who coulde faythfullye interprete dreames and monstruouse things and these were not taught nor learned abroade but the children tooke their discipline and learninge as inheritance from their parents With long and aunciente obseruacion of the sterres they did prognosticate to mortall men many thinges to come they did attribute great strēgth to the planets but other especiallye to Saturne They therfore tolde many things to princes as to Alexander his victo●ye whiche he had against Darius and to diuers other in lyke maner The maners of the Persians THe Persians wolde not washe them in any ryuer nor neuer make vrine in the water nor caste any car casse therein nor so much as spet in it for they did most religiously reuerence the water Their kinges they always created of one familye and he that did not obey the king loste his head and his armes was caste away vnburyed They had many wyu●s for the increase of their stocke and many concubines also they gaue great rewardes to them that had gotten manye chyldren in one yere The children after they were borne came not into their Fathers sight for fiue yeares space but were kept amongest women for this cause yf anie dyed in the bringing vp the father should take no griefe of the losse Their maryages were solemnized about the tenth day of Marche From fyue yeares of age vntyl they were xxiiii they learned to ryde to cast the dart to shote and especially t● speake wel They did practise to passe o●uer brookes and waters to suffer heate 〈◊〉 colde They continued in harnesse and i● moyst garments they fed vpon acornes field peares after their exercise they ha● very hard bread water for their drink● Their beds and cups were adorned am●●gest the common sort with golde silue● They neuer consulted of any great ma●●ters but in the myddest of their bankets thinking that to be a moore surer consu●●tacion than that whyche was had of s●●ber men Familiers and suche as were ●● acqueyntance when they met they kisse together they which were of a baser ca●●ling did worship him that they met wit● all They buried dead bodies in the groū● enclosing them in waxe They though● it an heynous offence to laughe or spet ●●●fore the prince Some say that they ca●●ryed their dead bodies out of the cittie there layde them in the fieldes to bee d●●uoured of dogs and fowles of the ayre They would not haue the bones of dea● bodies to be buried or reserued and whē anye dead body was not immediatlye cōsumed of dogges or wilde Beastes they thought it an yll signe and that he was a man of an vncleane mynde and therfore not to bee worthye to bee in Hell and his next friendes did meruelouslye lamēt him as one that had no hope of happines after this lyfe but if he were quicklye de●oured of Beastes they thoughte hym happye The Emperour of the Persians is at this day called the Sophy who with his noble actes getteth greate Empyre and glorye Of the Panther and Tygre THe Panther is a beaste like vnto ● Lybarde he hath varietie of colors and is verye fierce and wylde so that some cal him a dog wolfe and yet hee is gentle ynough if he be fylled He slepeth three dayes and after the thirde daye he washeth himself and cryeth out and with a swete cente that commeth from him he gathereth al wilde beastes together whiche are led and moued with his sauoure and he is frendly to all wylde beastes sauing the Dragon and serpent The she Panther is sayd to be a beaste differinge from the male because shee is cruel and ful of spotts Some saye that al beastes are merueylously delighted with the cent of them but by their horrible lokes they are made a frayde and therfore hydinge their heades they take and catche other beastes allured withe the pleasantnes of them as gotes such lyke which beinge taken with a fond desyre of their pleasātnes commeth nearer and nearer but the Lybard leaping out of her den flyeth vp on them In Caria and Lybia the panthers be of a good lengthe and some what timerous not so ful of agilitie in leaping but they haue so hard a skynne that you can hardlye pearse it the female is more common to be founde The Tygre is a beast of a wonderful swyftnes it bringeth foorthe many yong the which many do steale awaye vpon horsebacke very swyft But when the female seeth her yong gone for the males take no care of the yonge shee runneth headlong serching by smelling The taker of her yong hearing her comming neare with raginge casteth downe one of the yong the whiche shee taketh away with her mouth and after that shee retourneth again with merueilous celeritye so that she getteth another and so the thirde tyme and vntil that hee hathe gotten into a ship and then she seing her fiercenes frustrate rageth on the bankes S. Augustine saythe there was a Tygre made tame at Rome in a denne Strabo saith Megasthenes writeth that in India amongeste the people called Prasii the Tygre is of double bignes to the Lyon of such strength that one being led wyth four men if he should catch a mule wythe his hinder clawe he were able to drawe the mule vnto him Some say when she hath lost her yong she is deceiued mocked in the waye with a glasse s●t there by the stealer of her yong for she folowinge with her smelling and swifte running

●e that did neglect to do this was punished with certayne strypes and kepte withoute meate for three dayes If anye father killed his sonne● there was no punishment of death appointed but for three day●s and nights concti●ually he was commaunded to be about the dead bodye for they thoughte it no iust thinge to take away lyfe from him that gaue lyfe to his chyldren but rathe● that he shoulde be punished with continuall payne and repentance of his fact that others might feare to do the lyke Parricides they ●aused to be burned vppon an heape of thornes and such as vttred any secrets to their enemies thei caused their tongues to be cut out And they that dyd counterfayte or clyp mony had both their handes cut of so that with what parte of the body the offence was made with the same he shoulde tolerate punishment If anye had violated a free woman his naturall partes were cutte of because in one fault hee committed three haynous thynges that is an iniurye corruption and confusion of chyldren He that was takē in voluntarye adultrye hadd a thousande ●●ripes with roddes and the woman was māgled vpon the nose The prie●ts could haue but one wyfe but the laytye as many as they could kepe The bringing vppe of their children was with small coste for it came not vnto the charge of twentie gr●ates the 〈◊〉 education to their full ●ge and this is not to be● m●rueyled at because Egipte is a hote countrie and therfore they lyue naked without anye kinde of garmente and they feede vpon rotes the which they eat somtimes rawe and somtymes rosted in imbers The priests did teach their children especiallye Geomatrie and Arythmeticke They did driue away sicknes eyther with fasting or with vomit the whiche they vsed euerye thirde daye Theyr opinion was that all diseases came of superfluitie of meates and therfore that to bee the best cure whyche toke awaye the matter and causes Manye other straūge thinges are at large sei forth of this nacion by Munster Of the Ostrydge THE Oystridge found especially in Africa his heade is couered withe smal heares his eyes be grosse and blacke his necke is long his byl is shorte and sharpe his feete hath as it were a bypartite ●oofe Plinie fayth that he exceedeth the ●right of a man on ●orsebacke that his winges helpe him little But with his nayles whiche are like hoofes he taketh stones and throwethe againste those whiche persecute him he doothe digeste whatsoeuer hee deuoureth bee it neuer so harde He is of a meruaylous folishnes for if he hath once hidden his head vnder a bushe he thinketh him selfe safe and not to be seene It is sayd to be a simple and forgetful thinge that as sone as it hath brought forte eggs it forgetteth theym vntil the yong commeth forthe whiche is thoughte to bee easlye done because they leaue the eggs in the warme sandes so that the yonge may sone be hatched the whiche the males do feede and cherishe when they are brought forth When hee seeth that hee cannot auoyde takinge he casteth stones against his followers and manye tymes hurteth them His nest is commonlye found in the ●and wel made with bulwarkes and bankes to kepe awaye ray●e from the yong Of the Empire of Cathay THe Empyre of Cathay is ruled by the great Cham. With this naciō one man may haue many wiues when the husband dyeth euery wyfe pledeth her owne cause before the iudges sheweth her merits so that which of thē so euer is adiudged to haue bene the most officiouse and dearest wife to her husbād shee in her best apparell and with all her iewels as though she had gotten the victorie of the other goeth willynglye and merelye vnto the heape of wood wher her husband shall be burnt and lyinge down by his carcasse and embracinge it the fier is kindled and so shee is burnte with her husbād the other of his wiues after this liue in greate shame and obloquye They matche not together for wealth or nobilitye but for excellencye of beauty and procreaciō sake The people of Cathay haue this opinion that they thinke no other nacion to see with both eyes but thē selues they are perswaded also that they excell all other in subtilitye of artes and scyences It is a whyte kynde of people withoute beardes of small eyes and lackinge true pietie and due obeysance to God for some of them worshyp the Sonne some the moone others certayne immages of mettalls and other some an oxe so that they be full of monstruous supersticion The Emperour keepeth his court at his citye called Cambalu whiche is the noblest marte in that part of the world for there is almost neuer a day through out the yeare but that a thousand carte lodes of silke almoste are chaunged and broughte there amongest marchants The Emperour kepeth in his court twelue thowsand horsemen to kepe his bodye Their order of watchinge is thus One captain with three thousand gardeth the king within the Palace for thre dayes and so dothe another other three dayes following thus they keepe their courses When the Emperoure sittethe downe to meate hee hath his principall and greatest quene on his left hand and his children whiche be of royall bloud on his right hand in a lower place No man that sitteth downe in this halle drinketh or is serued in anye other vessell but of Golde the princes and noble men that serue the king at his meate couer their mouthes with most fyne silke clothes least they shoulde breath vpon the kinges meate or drinke and when the Emperour taketh the pot to drincke all the musicians beginne to make great melodye and the others ministers bende their knees More of this nacion you shal fynde in the great boke of Munsters Cosmographye Of the Canniballs THE Canniballs are wylde people feeding vpon mans fleshe which is a very swete kinde of flesh If they get or fynd any chyldrē within the age of fourtene yeares they feede them crāme them as we do Capons but those whych are beyonde fourtene yeares of age they kill them out of hande deuouringe theyr whot guts immediatly and the other partes of their bodies they salt and lay vp as wee do powdred fleshe they eate no women but kepe them only for the bearinge of children as we do hennes for eggs If any for age is past child bearinge shee doth all drudgery like vnto a bond womā they haue no houses but they erect many trees together and so combine them in the top that it serueth for lodginge Their beds be made of silke and haye they haue no yron but they vse bones instede of yrō they dresse their meates in earthen pots mingling the flesh of Parats geese ducks and mans fleshe together They are now come to moore ciuilitye then they had in tymes paste Of the Lyon. LYons liue in many countries in Africa they haue a cruell and terrible looke and thyn heares Pliny thinketh that his especiall valiencye