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water_n worm_n wound_n year_n 17 3 3.8892 3 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A19774 A suruey of the great dukes state of Tuscany In the yeare of our Lord 1596. Dallington, Robert, 1561-1637. 1605 (1605) STC 6201; ESTC S109213 56,057 78

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diligence_n in_o their_o root_n ground_n may_v not_o compare_v and_o last_o for_o the_o variety_n of_o those_o commodity_n which_o these_o valley_n yield_v it_o shall_v suffice_v to_o comprehend_v they_o under_o these_o three_o head_n fruit_n herbage_n and_o grain_n with_o particular_a mention_n of_o such_o as_o i_o remember_v howbeit_o in_o italian_a name_n because_o many_o of_o they_o grow_v not_o nor_o be_v yet_o christen_v in_o england_n fruit_n herbage_n graine_n une_fw-fr finocchio_n formento_n fichi_n lattuga_fw-la orzo_n aranci_n inuidia_fw-la segala_n albicocchi_fw-la cicerbita_n miglio_n pesche_n borragine_n sagina_fw-la mele._n fiorancio_n panico_n limoni_fw-la aneto_fw-la fane_n cedri_fw-la bietola_n ceci_fw-fr manderle_n cavolo_fw-it faginoli_fw-la noci_fw-la spinacci_n piselli_n albatre_fw-la basilico_n riso_n cotogne_n radici_fw-la farro_n poponi_n porri_fw-la gioglio_n cedrioli_n carotte_n mochi_n cocomeri_fw-la rape_n vena_fw-la zucchi_fw-it fior_n di_fw-fr velluto_n 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general_a food_n of_o the_o tuscan_a at_o who_o table_n a_o salad_n be_v as_o ordinary_a as_o salt_n at_o we_o for_o be_v eat_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n &_o at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n of_o the_o scotfree_a because_o they_o love_v to_o spare_v of_o the_o poor_a because_o they_o can_v choose_v of_o many_o religious_a because_o of_o their_o vow_n of_o most_o other_o because_o of_o their_o want_n it_o remain_v to_o believe_v that_o which_o themselves_o confess_v namely_o flesh._n that_o for_o every_o horseload_n of_o flesh_n eat_v there_o be_v ten_o cart_n load_v of_o herb_n and_o root_n which_o also_o their_o open_a market_n and_o private_a table_n do_v witness_v and_o whereof_o if_o one_o talk_v with_o they_o fast_v he_o shall_v have_v sensible_a feel_n but_o for_o the_o better_a proof_n of_o the_o little_a flesh_n here_o spend_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o remember_v what_o the_o chancellor_n of_o prato_n tell_v i_o concern_v this_o matter_n who_o seem_v by_o his_o discourse_n a_o man_n of_o good_a understanding_n &_o who_o ought_v by_o his_o office_n to_o have_v the_o knowledge_n hereof_o very_o familiar_a upon_o some_o conference_n with_o he_o have_v about_o the_o great_a duke_n imposition_n and_o gabell_n which_o he_o have_v in_o that_o state_n he_o tell_v i_o among_o diverse_a other_o matter_n which_o shall_v be_v remember_v hereafter_o that_o he_o have_v out_o of_o prato_n &_o the_o precinct_n thereof_o a_o thousand_o ducat_n communibm_fw-la annis_fw-la for_o the_o flesh_n there_o eat_v at_o the_o rate_n of_o five_o denari_fw-la the_o pound_n for_o so_o much_o he_o have_v now_o if_o we_o reduce_v ducat_n to_o denari_fw-la which_o be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o quattrino_n &_o divide_v that_o number_n by_o five_o we_o shall_v find_v the_o number_n of_o pound_n of_o flesh_n eat_v there_o after_o the_o rate_n of_o twelve_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n for_o so_o be_v their_o weight_n of_o all_o thing_n whatsoever_o which_o sum_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o we_o may_v reduce_v to_o pound_n english_a of_o sixteen_o ounce_n and_o then_o divide_v by_o fourteen_o know_v how_o many_o stone_n be_v there_o eat_v in_o a_o year_n according_a to_o which_o computation_n we_o shall_v find_v 18000_o stone_n the_o people_n there_o be_v as_o be_v already_o say_v 16000_o person_n so_o that_o there_o be_v little_o more_o than_o a_o stone_n a_o piece_n for_o the_o year_n a_o proportion_n which_o in_o newgate_n market_n and_o s._n nicholas-shamble_n will_v hardly_o be_v believe_v pythagoras_n find_v by_o the_o dimension_n of_o the_o foot_n the_o perfect_a rieratte_n of_o hercules_n &_o phidias_n of_o athens_n find_v by_o the_o paw_n of_o the_o lion_n the_o true_a proportion_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n so_o by_o this_o small_a store_n of_o flesh_n spend_v in_o prato_n may_v well_o be_v conceive_v what_o proportion_n be_v spend_v in_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o tuscany_n it_o may_v here_o not_o impertinent_o be_v remember_v speak_v of_o flesh_n of_o a_o kind_n of_o meat_n which_o the_o italian_a have_v out_o of_o barbaria_n howbeit_o in_o no_o great_a quantity_n which_o they_o call_v micista_n micista_n it_o be_v a_o powder_n make_v of_o beef_n dry_v &_o sell_v in_o their_o shop_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o flesh_n of_o africa_n be_v such_o not_o to_o take_v salt_n the_o alarbaes_n of_o that_o country_n dwell_v in_o tent_n which_o they_o always_o remove_v when_o their_o cattle_n have_v eat_v up_o the_o pasture_n to_o some_o other_o place_n do_v bake_v their_o flesh_n in_o oven_n so_o dry_a till_o it_o may_v be_v beat_v to_o powder_v which_o do_v they_o barrel_n it_o up_o &_o carry_v with_o they_o for_o a_o kind_n of_o very_o good_a food_n and_o i_o have_v hear_v also_o that_o the_o tartar_n bring_v of_o this_o into_o the_o war_n whereof_o they_o feed_v and_o wherewith_o put_v about_o two_o handful_n of_o it_o into_o water_n they_o give_v their_o ●ors●s_n which_o without_o any_o other_o provender_n keep_v they_o fat_a &_o ●isty_a as_o concern_v their_o grain_n in_o tuscany_n graine_n it_o be_v very_o much_o in_o kind_n &_o very_a little_a in_o quantity_n whereof_o most_o year_n they_o have_v too_o sensible_a feel_n &_o be_v supply_v out_o of_o other_o place_n as_o sicilia_n sardigna_fw-es &_o sometime_o england_n &_o the_o east-country_n they_o have_v of_o wheat_n more_o than_o either_o rye_n or_o barley_n yet_o of_o neither_o sufficient_a as_o for_o their_o sagina_fw-la panico_n miglio_n surgo_fw-la turco_n and_o such_o like_a they_o be_v fine_a name_n but_o make_v but_o course_n meal_n and_o bread_n only_o for_o the_o poor_a sort_n who_o may_v they_o not_o want_v thereof_o will_v think_v their_o market_n much_o amend_v their_o harvest_n be_v in_o june_n harvest_n they_o mow_v their_o wheat_n and_o rye_n &_o reap_v their_o barley_n quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o common_a course_n in_o england_n they_o cut_v their_o corn_n while_o it_o be_v somewhat_o green_a i_o take_v it_o lest_o it_o shall_v shill_v they_o suffer_v it_o afterward_o to_o stand_v in_o shock_n ●ill_v it_o be_v well_o wither_v and_o dry_v then_o make_v a_o store_n on_o the_o ground_n where_o it_o grow_v they_o present_o thresh_v it_o &_o stack_n up_o the_o straw_n for_o their_o necessary_a use_n the_o same_o ground_n which_o have_v carry_v this_o crop_n if_o it_o be_v in_o heart_n be_v again_o present_o till_v and_o sow_v with_o miglio_n panico_n sagina_fw-la or_o some_o pulse_n or_o other_o which_o again_o they_o reap_v in_o september_n they_o measure_v their_o corn_n by_o the_o staio_n as_o we_o we_o by_o the_o strike_v or_o bushel_n it_o contain_v in_o weight_n fifty_o five_o pound_n at_o twelve_o ounce_n the_o pound_n and_o as_o we_o measure_v our_o land_n by_o the_o acre_n so_o they_o they_o by_o the_o staioro_n which_o take_v his_o name_n of_o the_o staio_n because_o one_o of_o these_o parcel_n of_o land_n if_o it_o be_v on_o the_o hill_n will_v ask_v a_o staio_n of_o corn_n to_o feed_v it_o otherwise_o in_o the_o valley_n every_o measure_n will_v ordinary_o feed_v four_o straiora_fw-la i_o suppose_v that_o six_o of_o these_o make_v one_o of_o our_o acre_n the_o countryman_n will_v stir_v of_o they_o as_o we_o call_v it_o eighteen_o with_o his_o two_o yoke_n of_o ox_n the_o one_o yoke_n feed_v while_o the_o other_o labour_v in_o one_o day_n he_o have_v for_o his_o labour_n four_o crazy_a a_o piece_n which_o be_v threepence_n starling_n so_o that_o he_o and_o his_o beast_n earn_v some_o four_o shilling_n sixpence_n sterling_a the_o day_n how_o this_o agree_v with_o our_o rate_n in_o england_n i_o can_v say_v i_o go_v not_o out_o so_o good_a a_o husband_n the_o staioro_n do_v ordinary_o yield_v seven_o and_o eight_o staia_v crop_n which_o be_v little_a short_a of_o the_o proportion_n of_o four_o quarter_n a_o acre_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v general_o light_a and_o sandy_a soil_n lay_v in_o small_a ridge_n like_o the_o field_n of_o norfolk_n which_o as_o i_o take_v it_o argue_v the_o lightness_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o city_n &_o great_a town_n near_o and_o the_o number_n of_o people_n it_o be_v much_o force_v and_o make_v more_o fruitful_a for_o there_o be_v those_o who_o all_o their_o life_n time_n do_v nothing_o but_o with_o their_o ass_n go_v up_o and_o down_o the_o city_n gather_v up_o the_o dung_n in_o the_o street_n and_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o land_n of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o have_v bargain_v pay_v out_o of_o every_o ass_n burden_n one_o quattrino_n to_o the_o duke_n before_o they_o pass_v the_o gate_n but_o this_o be_v a_o discourse_n for_o another_o place_n it_o remain_v to_o speak_v of_o the_o salt_n salt_n another_o commodity_n which_o they_o have_v here_o in_o tuscany_n in_o some_o reasonable_a manner_n it_o be_v very_o white_a and_o good_a much_o better_a than_o that_o of_o the_o church_n salt_n which_o have_v almost_o the_o colour_n of_o sawdust_n or_o that_o of_o liguria_n which_o be_v little_o better_a the_o two_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o have_v this_o commodity_n be_v the_o city_n of_o grossetta_n in_o the_o maremma_n and_o the_o pit_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n of_o volterra_n howbeit_o they_o make_v of_o it_o at_o these_o pit_n in_o great_a measure_n where_o it_o be_v report_v be_v daily_o make_v throughout_o the_o year_n twenty_o four_o moggie_a every_o of_o these_o measure_n be_v four_o and_o twenty_o staia_v that_o be_v of_o our_o measure_n some_o sixteen_o strike_v a_o piece_n so_o that_o there_o be_v daily_o make_v 48._o quarter_n they_o know_v when_o it_o be_v sufficient_o boil_v by_o the_o throw_n in_o of_o a_o egg_n for_o if_o it_o sink_v then_o be_v it_o not_o yet_o perfect_a effect_v but_o if_o it_o swim_v ah_o galla_o than_o they_o