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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A46427	Mores hominum = The manners of men / described in sixteen satyrs by Juvenal, as he is published in his most authentick copy, lately printed by command of the King of France ; whereunto is added the invention of seventeen designes in picture, with arguments to the satyrs ; as also explanations to the designes in English and Latine ; together with a large comment, clearing the author in every place wherein he seemed obscure, out of the laws and customes of the Romans, and the Latine and Greek histories, by Sir Robert Stapylton, Knight.; Works. English. 1660	Juvenal.; Stapylton, Robert, Sir, d. 1669.; Hollar, Wenceslaus, 1607-1677.	1660 (1660)	Wing J1280; ESTC R21081	275,181	643

Frozen Sea which was then believed to be innavigable but the Hollanders have lately sailed so far in the North-east passage that they have discovered Nova Zembla within the Artick Circle but twelve degrees from the Pole Verse 3. Curian Temperance The Curian Family was enobled by the Temperance and Valour of Marcus Curius that triumphed over the Sabines Samnites and Leucanians and beat King Pyrrhus out of Italy but his greatest triumph was over himself and his affections as appears by his answer to the Samnite Ambassadors that finding his Table covered by the fire-side furnished only with earthen dishes and Curius himself roasting of roots for his supper beseeched him to better his poor condition by accepting a great sum of money from their hands to which he answered that he had rather still eat in earth and command the Samnites that were served in gold Being accused for plundering he produced a wooden vessell which upon proof appeared to be all he had of the spoil Liv. Verse 4. Bacchanals The Celebraters of the Bacchanalia or Dionysia the libidinous Feasts of Bacchus where virtue was death for they that refused to sacrifice to Lust were sacrificed by the fury of the Bacchanals Of the abominable Ceremonies used at these Feasts see Liv. St. Augustine They were at last as a Seminary of wickedness interdicted by the Senate Verse 5. Chrysippus The Philosopher Chrysippus the most ingenious Scholar to Zeno the first Stoick and to his Successor Cleanthes from both which Masters he only desired to know Doctrines and bid them leave the Proofs to him indeed he was so incomparable a Logician that it grew to a Proverb If the Gods would study Logick they would read Chrysippus He was Son to Apollonides by some called Apollonius of Tarsis but he was born at Soli a City of Cilicia Having spent what his father left him in following a Kings Court he was compelled to study Philosophy as being capable of no other course that might buoy up his fortunes but after he was an eminent Philosopher he never dedicated any of his books as others did theirs to Kings and therefore was thought to be a great despiser of Honours Laertius But it is more probable that he following his studies to inrich himself would neglect no good Medium to a fortune and I rather believe that he having smarted so much by attendance at Court would never apply himself to Princes any more He died of a violent laughter with seeing an Asse eat figs as some say but of a Vertigo according to Hermippus in the 143 Olympiad having lived seventy three years Verse 7. Aristotle Was born at Stagyra a City of Thrace seated upon the river Strymon his Father was Nicomachus the Physician the Son of Macaon famed by Homer for his skill in Physick which it seems came to him extraduce for Micaon was the Son of Aesculapius Phaestias Mother to Aristotle was descended likewise from Aesculapius as some affirm but others say she was Daughter to one of the Planters sent from Chalcis to Stagyra He was a slender man crump-shouldered and stuttered naturally very much but for his incomparable erudition Philip of Macedon sought to him to be his Son Alexander's Tutor and Alexander made him his Secretary He was 18 years old when he came to Athens and there for 20 years he heard Plato The City of Stagyra from its ruines was for his sake reedified by his Pupill Alexander the great When Alexander marched into Asia Aristotle returned to Athens and read Philosophy in the Lyceum thirteen years from whence his Scholars were properly called Peripateticks of the Lyceum to distinguish them from the Peripateticks of the Academy the Platonists yet afterwards they were known by the name of Peripateticks only whereof he himself is deservedly styled the Prince After all the benefits received from him by Athens the return made was an impeachment drawn up against him that he was no true worshiper of the Gods But this as you shall presently see had formerly been the case of Socrates by the sad example of whose death Aristotle learned to decline the envy and fury of that unthankfull City from whence he went to Chalcis in Eubaea and there died in the sixtie third year of his age and the 114 Olympiad when Philocles was Archon the very same year Demosthenes also died in Calauria both being forced to fly their Countries Aristotle was the first that made a Library Strabo lib. 3. which together with his School he left to Theophrastus that taught the Kings of Aegypt how to order their Library by disposing of their Books into severall Classes Verse 8. Pittacus Pittacus one of the seven Sages of Greece assisted by the Bretheren of Alcaeus the Poet slew Melancrus Tyrant of Lesbos in the chief City whereof viz. Mytelene Pittacus was born A war breaking out between the Athenians and Mytelenians about the Achilleian fields he was chosen General for his Country and finding his Army too weak to dispute that Title in the field he challenged Phryno Generall of the Athenians to a single combat and met him like a Fisher-man his visible armes being a Trident Dagger and Shield but under it was a Net which in the Duel he cast over the head of Phryno and so conquered him by stratagem that had been Victor by his Giantly strength in the Olympick Games Strabo Laert. This Duel Lyps saith was the original of those kind of prizes played by the Roman Gladiators called the Retiarius and Secutor or Mirmillo described in this Satyr to the shame of so noble a person as one of the Gracchi was that for a poor salary was hired by the Praetor to venture his life as a Retiarius or Net-bearer against the Secutor's Fauchion You may see their figures as they acted in the Circus in the Designe before this Satyr So long as his Country needed him to manage the warres so long Pittacus held the Sovereign power as an absolute Prince But when the warre was ended he like an absolute Philosopher put an end to his own authority and after a voluntary resignation of his power continued for ten years he lived ten years more a private person Laert. Val Max. being about fourscore he dyed in the third year of the 52 Olympiad Aristomenes being Archon Verse 9. Cleanthes Cleanthes the Stoick was Scholar to Crates and Successor to Zeno Founder of the Stoicks his Father was Phanius of Assus by his first profession he was a VVrastler but it brought him in no great revenue for all he had was but four Drachma's when he came to hear Crates and to get a lively-hood under him and Zeno he was forced to work by night to keep himself from hunger and scorn in the day time The Court of Areopagus citing him to clear the suspicion of Fellony and give an account how he lived he produced a Woman for whom he ground meal and a Gardiner that payed him for drawing of water and shewed Zeno's Dictates writ in shells and

and Atropos the Daughters of Erebus and Night The first bore the Distaffe the second spun the Thread and the third when it came to the determined end cut it off Apuleius thinks the ternary number of the Destinies or Parcae to be derived from the number of three points of time that the Flax wound about the Distaffe signifies the time past the Thread in spinning the time present and that which is not twisted the time to come The old Latins called these three Sisters Nona Decima and Morta Verse 36. Arturius and Catulus These two from poor beginnings had raised themselves to great Estates and Offices and made use of their wealth and authority to ingross all good Bargains and to monopolize all beneficiall places and employments even to those of the Scavenger and Gold-finder Verse 40. Spear At Auctions or publick sales of mens goods part whereof was their Slaves the Romans ever stuck up a Spear to give notice to the Town Cic. Phil. and when they came in there was upon the place an Affix posted up which contained a Particular of the parcels to be sold with their several prices Sig. de Jud. Under the Spear sate the Cryer asking who giveth most and by him an Officer some Arturius or Catulus for Voucher Verse 43. Revers'd Thumbs At any Sword-play either in the Circus or upon Theaters it was in the power of the People to make the Gladiators or Fencers fight it out and die upon the place or to discharge them and likewise to restore them to their liberty lost by the baseness of their calling for the present and if they pleased for ever The first was done by bowing down their Thumbs the second as by these words appears with turning up their Thumbs the third by giving them a Rod or Wand called Rudis the last by bestowing Caps upon them Qui insigniori cuique homicidae Leonem poscit idem Gladiatori atroci petat Rudem Pileum praemium conferat He that will have a notorious Murderer exposed to the Lyons even he will give to the bloody Gladiator a Rudis and reward him with a Cap Tertul. de Spect. cap. 21. Verse 54. Toads Entrails The skilfullest Aruspex that ever divined by Toads Entrails was Locusta much imployed in that service by Agrippina and by the Son of her vitious Nature Nero. Verse 65. Dark Tagus Tagus is a River of Lusitania rolling golden sands Plin. by which my Author conceives the stream to be darkned Neer to this Spanish River if we credit Pliny Mares are hors'd by the West-winde and foale Ginnets infinite Fleet but their time of life is swifter for they never live to above three years old Verse 71. Greek Town Rome where Graecians that were Johns of all Trades and could do every thing to please the humour of a Roman carried away the men like ships with a breath and where the very women affected and spake the Greek tongue Sat. 6. old Woman fie let Girls doe so Wilt thou fourscore and six be Greekish chast Greek is not when 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thou say'st Life soul and fool'st thy husband in a crowd With words for which thy Sheets were late a shrowd Verse 73. Orontes A River of Caelesyria that springs up not farre from Mount Lebanon and the City of Seleucia Pieria where it sinks under ground and riseth again in the Apemene Territorie running by Antioch and falling into the Sea neer Seleucia It was called Orontes by his name that first made a Bridge over it for before they called it Tryphon Strab. Verse 76. Circus The great Shew-place at Rome neer to that part of Mount Aventine where the Temple of Diana stood Tarquinius Priscus built Galleries about it where the Senators and People of Rome to the number of a hundred and fifty thousand might see the running of great Horses at Lists Fireworks Tumbling and baiting or chasing of wilde Beasts In after Ages there was likewise to be seen Prizes played by the Fencers or Gladiators and in Vaults underneath it stood women that would prostitute their bodies for money Rosin Antiq. and as you may see in this Satyr And hackney-Sluts that in the Circus stand Verse 79 Our nointed Clown The meanest sort of Roman Fencers had their necks nointed with an artificiall Clay made of oyle and earth and so that they were able to compass such a nointing with a Trechedipna or a poor Poste-Gown in which they might runne to the Sportula either to get a share in the hundred farthings or in the Clients plain Supper their ambition was satisfied But the Greek Peasants though farre meaner as subject to these scorned such low thoughts aiming to recover that by cozenage which they had lost by fighting with the Romans Verse 81. Andros An Island in the Aegaean Sea being the principall of the Cyclades where there is a Spring whose water every year upon the fifth day of January tastes like wine Plin. lib. 2. Samos is an Island in the Icarian Sea right against Ionia Ptolomy Amydon a City of Paeonia or Macedonia that gave assistance to the Trojans Alaband a City in Caria Plin. Ptol. infamous for effeminate men and impudent singing women only famous for the birth of Appolonius the Rhetor. Trallis a Town of Caria in the Lesser Asia Plin. lib. 5. Sicyon an Island in the Aegean Sea opposite to Epidaurum very high and eminent Plin. From this Isle Minerva was called Sicyonia because Epopaeus there built a Temple to her for his victory against the Boeotians Verse 83. Mount Esquiline The seven hills that Rome stood upon were the Palatine the Quirinal the Aventine the Caelian the Esquiline the Tarpeian or Capitoline and the Viminall the last being so called from the VVickers or Oziers growing upon it Verse 88. Isaeus The fluent Orator whose Scholar Demosthenes was Verse 96. At Athens born Daedalus that put off his VVings at Cumae as before Verse 100. Syrian Figs Syrian Figs Sea-coal and the Grecians came in with one wind and for one purpose viz. to be sold in the Market at Rome Verse 102. Sabine Olives Olives growing in the narrow but long Country of the ancient Sabines which reached from Tyber as farre as the Vestines and was bulwarkt on both sides by the Apennine Mountains Plin. Verse 106. Antaeus A Giant begot by Neptune upon the Earth sixty four cubits high He spent his youth in Libya at the Town of Lixus afterwards called the Palace of Antaeus Ever when he found himself weary or over-toyled he recovered his strength and spirits by touching of the Earth his Mother and therefore Hercules when they two wrastled together held him up in the aire that the earth should not refresh him The great Roman Souldier Sertorius at Tygaena a town of Libya digged up the Sepulcher of Antaeus and found his body Plutarch Verse 111. Doris A Sea Nymph Daughter to Oceanus and Thetis and VVife to her Brother Nereus by whom she had an infinite number of Children Sea-Nymphs

fired the whole Palace Jason resolving to kill Medea for this fact broke open her Chamber-dore just as if she had bewitched him thither only to be an eye witness to the death of those Children which he had by her for as soon as ever he came in she catcht them up and strangled them all but saved her self by the power of Magick Her next appearance she made at Athens where she married Aegaeus and though he was then very aged she had a Son by him called after her own name Medus that gave name to the Country of the Medes Justin. lib. 42. After all this no body knows how Jason and she were reconciled probably it was for her own ends because she forthwith carried him to Colchos where he reestablished her old banished Father in his Kingdome See Diodor. Sicul. and N. Comes that learnedly interprets the Fable of Medea Verse 673. Progne Daughter to Pandion King of Athens Wife to Tereus King of Thrace of all Thracians the most barbarous for under pretence of waiting upon Pandion's other Daughter that made a visit to her Sister Progne at his Court by the way he ravished Philomela cutting out her tongue that she might not tel But Philomela being an excellent Work-woman drew her sad story with her needle in such lively colours that her Sister Progne knew the whole circumstance of the Rape and to revenge her self of her cruel Husband by the advice of the Maenades she feasted him with the limbs of his and her Son Itys which being known by the Childs head that was served-in for the second course Tereus in his fury would have killed his Wife but whilst he was drawing out his Sword he saw her turned into a Swallow Philomela was transformed into a Nightingale Itys into a Pheasant Tereus himself admiring at their metamorphosis was turned into a Lapwing that still bears upon his head the creast of a fierce Thracian Souldier See Ovid. Met. 6. Verse 683. Alcestis Wife to Admetus King of Thessaly whose Cattle-keeper Jove himself had been and therefore as it seems when his old Master was sick to death Jove was contented with an exchange so that if any one would die for Admetus he might live But this being an office distastefull to his whole Court and Kingdome all excused themselves only Queen Alcestis cheerfully embraced the offer and served her Husband with her life Her Tragedy you may read in the works of Euripides Verse 687. Belides The Belides or Danaides were fifty Daughters of Danaus Son to Belus To these Ladies Aegyptus Danaus his Brother desired to marry his fifty Sons but Danaus would not give way to the Treaty of a marriage with all or any of them because the Oracle had fore-told him that he should die by the hand of a Son in Law but Aegyptus moving it once again in the head of a strong Army brought to force the consent of Danaus and his Daughters the match was concluded Upon the wedding night the Brides were instructed by their Father to kill their Husbands when they saw their opportunity In obedience to him all these Ladies slew their Husbands but only Hypermnestra that preserved the life of her Husband Lyceus He afterwards verified the Oracle and to secure himself slew his Father in Law Danaus and succeeded him in the Kingdome of Argos The sentence pronounced against these Sisters by Minos the just Judge of Hell was to pour water into a Tub that was split until they filled it which could never be and therefore their punishment must be endless Some think this Fable signifies the Spring and Autumne that every year pour out new varieties of flowers and fruits yet never satisfie our expectations See Lucret. lib. 5. Others take it to bear proportion to the whole life of man and of all things in the world which as they come in go out not leaving any long continued monument of what they were There are that apply it to benefits conferred upon ingratefull persons which vanish in the doing Plato compares the split Tubs of the Beleides to the minde of an intemperate man which is insatiable Terence hath one that saith he is very like them plenus rimarum sum I am full of Leaks But whosoever he was that writ the following Epigram he fixes Plato's sense from an universal to a particular exceeding well Belidas fingunt pertusa in dolia Vates Mox effundendas fundere semper aquas Nomine mutato narratur fabula de te Ebrie qui meias quae sine fine bibis Quinetiam hoc in te quadrat turba ebria quod sint Corpora quae fuerant dolia facta tibi Tubs split say Poets the Belides fill With water which still pour'd in runs out still Change names to thee the Fable comes about Drunkard that all thou pour'st in pissest out In this too it concerns your bousing Crue Those that were Bodies are made Tubs by you Verse 687. Eriphyle Daughter to Thelaon Sister to Adrastus and Wife to Amphiaraus She was bribed with a Ring by Polynices to make discovery of her Husband that lay hid for fear of being forced to march to the seige of Troy where he and she knew that it was his fate to die For this trechery of his Wife Alcmaeon had in charge from his Father Amphiaraus that as soon as ever the breath was out of his body she that betrayed him to death should not live a minute accordingly when the news was brought Alcmaeon slew his Mother Verse 689. Clytemnestra See the Comment upon Sat. 1. Hom. lib. 11. Odyss Senec. in Agam. Eurip. in Orest. Sophocles in Elect. Verse 695. The thrice foil'd Monarch Mithridates King of Pontus that by the strength of his arme could rule six pair of horses in a Chariot and by the strength of his brain two and twenty Nations every one of them speaking a several tongue and he all their languages When the Romans were taken up with their civil wars he beat Nicomedes out of Bithinia and Ariobarzanes out of Cappadocia possessing himself of Greece and all the Greek Islands only Rhodes excepted The Merchants of Rome that traffick't in Asia by his contrivance were slain in one night the Proconsul Q. Oppius and his Legate Apuleius were his Prisoners But Mithridates was thrice defeated by the Romans First as you have heard by Sylla at Dardanum then by Lucullus at Cyzicum from whence he fled for refuge to Tigranes King of Armenia that suffered him to make new levies within his Dominions but that vast Army was totally routed by Pompey Finally Pharnaces besieged him in his Palace and Mithridates despairing attempted to poison himself but had brought his body to such a habit by long and constant use of Antidots to prevent impoisoning that when poyson should have done him service it would not work Nor had he then lost the Majesty of his looks for the man sent to kill him found Mithridates unwillingly alive yet still so undaunted and like himself that the Murderer shakt and

that was fell'd By some kind tempest when the wind lay East Now our rich Gluttons value not a feast The Turbut and the Wild-goat taste not well The Unguents and the Roses vilely smell Unless the Table their large Plate stands on Be Iv'ry and that Iv'ry stand upon A tall wide gaping Pard of those teeth made Which at Syene are a ship-board laid Such as swift Moors or the tann'd Indian sends Or where the Nabathaean shade extends Th' Arabian Elephant is forc'd to shed Now grown too great too heavy for his head 'T is this creates the raven in the guts 'T is this the stomach in such choler puts For a poor silver foot is such a thing As when a finger weares an iron ring Proud Guests I therefore shun that will compare Me to themselves and scorn my meaner fare ' Las I have not an ounce of Iv'ry I No Table-men of that stuff not a Die Ev'n my knife-hafts are bone nor cut nor eat My Hens worse I 've no Carver for your meat To whom the Pergula in duty ought To bow as one by Doctor TRYPHER taught That hath a Hare and Boar of wood at home A fat-rumpt Pygarg and a Sow's great womb Phesants and Turkies which Getes send to us And that huge red-wing'd Phaenicopterus And with his unedg'd mock-knife when he wounds This sumptuous feast the whole Suburra sounds To carve a Goat a Capon 's wing to cut My novice-Boy to school was never put But alwaies rudely bred his carving work Was but to give his fellowes bits of pork Plebeian glasses for small prices sold Brings my rude boy whose clothes defie the cold On me no Phrygian youth no Lycian waites Bought of the Mango at excessive rates All Romans mine when any thing you would Pray call but call for 't as a Roman should All go alike with short and upright haire Onely this feast-day comb'd with greater care This a blunt Shepherd that a Herdsman's sonne Longing to see what late he hath not done His Mother and her Cottage and would faine Meet his old friends the Goates yet once againe My boy 's well-fac't well-manner'd such as he That wears the glowing purple ought to be No DRAUCUS whose hair 's are pull'd off with gummes That when into the Bath he trembling comes With the distillatory covers o're His fist-like dowcets and huge wen before Wine he shall bring thee in those mountains made Under whose brows he hath so often plaid The Country being one and the self-same Both whence the Wine and the Cup-bearer came Perhaps thou dost expect that I should bring The Spanish Courtezans to dance and sing Their quiv'ring thighs descending to the ground For which they are with loud applauses crown'd To rich men nettles to dull VENUS spurres But more the female sex this pleasure stirres With them it works more strongly moves the tears And growing water in their eyes and ears A poor house is not for these wanton toyes Their obscene songs and Castinetta's noise At which i' th' Stews the naked Slave would start To him leave bawdy songs and all lust's art Whose slipping Guests are ready still to fall He doth his Spartan marble so be-spall For there with fortune we dispense The Dice Are foul i' th' poor adultery a vice Let rich men doe it o're and o're agen They 're free-mein'd Gallants and fine Gentlemen For this day's feast shall other game be sprung Great HOMER with high-sounding VIRGIL sung Shall both dispute the doubtfull Palm such verse No matter with what tone the boyes rehearse But now out of thy breast all bus'ness turn Take thy sweet ease this day all cares adjourn No mention what use-money thou do'st pay Suppose thy wife goe forth by break of day And about midnight uses to return Let not thy bosom with closs choler burn Though her moist silks suspected wrinkles show Her hair be tows'd her face and ears doe glow Nor bring to my house what hath thee annoy'd But whatsoe're thy servants have destroy'd Or lost what ever vexes thee exclude Especially thy friend's Ingratitude This while great CYBEL'S Towell is hung out And to her solemn Playes the Town 's devout Where that grand horse-stealer the Tribune sits As if he triumph'd and if it befits This vast this too great People I may say The Circus comprehends all Rome to day Heark what a noise they make it may be guest By that loud shout the Green-coats have the best Were these Sports silenc'd you should see the Town As fatally astonish't and cast down As when the Consuls Cannae's battail lost Let Youths goe thither that will be at cost Of spending lungs and wagers boldly laid Or would sit neerest to the handsom'st Maid Let Husbands and their Wives those sights behold Which is a shame to be before them told But let us old men with skins wrinkled shun The busie Gown and drink the Spring 's warm sun To bathe here at elev'n th' art free to goe Five dayes together 't would not please thee so For th' easiest life would likewise tedious seem Less frequent Use gives Pleasures their esteem The Comment UPON THE ELEVENTH SATYR VErse 1. Atticus One of the Family of that infinite rich and noble person T. Pomponius Atticus eminent for his learning and for the friendship between him and Cicero Mart. lib. 7. Attice qui renovas foecundae nomina gentis Atticus that thy fruitfull Name reviv'st Verse 2. Rutilus A Descendent from the Rutili A Gentleman of a small fortune that consumed it with feasting and in the prime of his youth when he might have served in the warres and have got honour and a fortune as his Ancestors did by the sword shames himself with it and disgraces their noble memory coming upon the Theater as a Gladiator or common Fencer Verse 4. Apicius The rich Glutton that being sensible how ridiculous poverty would make him hanged himself See the Comment upon Sat. 4. Verse 4. Not forc'd to 't Like young Proculus compelled by the Emperor Calligula to fight with a Thracian Fencer or like Domitius Glabrio inforced by the necessity of the times to make himself a Gladiator but Rutilus was of the same ging with Gracchus that fought upon the Stage for money when there was no Nero to compell him Sat. 8. Verse 21. His dead mothers Images Medalls of Gold and Silver wherein her Figure was ingraved Verse 27. Ventidius A Gentleman of the house of Ventidius that is quoted for one of the rare presidents of good fortune Sat. 7. Verse 30. Atlas A Mountain in Africa so high that by the inhabitants it was called Columna Coeli the Pillar of Heaven Upon this Mountain in comparison whereof all other Lybian hills are mole-hills the Astrologer Atlas used to contemplate the Starres which occasioned the Fable of his being turned into that Mountain to support Heaven as he is rarely described by Virg. Aeneid lib. 4. Verse 37. Thersites The basest ugliest and boldest Knave amongst the Greeks yet he

Oxes shoulder-blades for want of money to buy Paper He succeeded Zeno in his Schoole lived above fourscore years and died voluntarily for his Physicians injoyning him to fast two dayes for the cure of an ulcer under his tongue when they would have had him eat again he would not but took it unkindly that they would offer to bring him back being two dayes onward on his journey so continuing his fast for other two dayes he came to his last home Verse 14. Socratick Catomite Socrates was son to the Statuary Sophroniscus and the Midwife Phaenareta and husband first to Myrto the Daughter of Aristides the Just afterwards to Zantippe the arrantest Scold that ever thundered with a tongue He first reduced Philosophy from naturall to morall that is from contemplation to practise it being his constant Maxime Quae supra nos nihil ad nos We are not at all concerned in things above us Anytus the Orator indeed the leather-Dresser for that Trade inriched him though he was ashamed to own it and therefore having been upon that score reproached by Socrates to satisfie his spleen he got Melitus the Poet and Lycon his fellow Orator to joyn in drawing up an Impeachment against Socrates as no true worshiper of the Gods and a corrupter of youth having first made him a scorn to the people by hiring Aristophanes to bring him upon the Stage in a Comedy From the abuse put upon him in this Comedy others many ages after took occasion to abuse Socrates especially Porphyrius observed by Nicephorus to be more malicious then were his Accusers Anytus and Melitus But I doe not believe that my Author intended to cast dirt upon him in this place where Socratick Catamite cannot be otherwise interpreted then one of those censorious persons that would be thought as learned and virtuous as Socrates when they really were as vitious as men could be and as unlearned as the very Statues of the Philosophers the purchase whereof was all the proof they could make of their learning Some there are that imitate their folly in our dayes as appears by the instance Lubine makes in a Scholar his Contemporary whom he forbears to name that gave 3000 drachma's for the earthen-lamp that Epictetus used hoping that if it burned all night by his bed-side it would infuse into him the wisdome of Epictetus in a dream If he bought the lamp for this reason as Lubine conceives he did then he was guilty of the vanity of Juvenal's Philosophasters but if he bestowed so much money upon a piece of Antiquity that might be usefull to the present and succeeding times in that case I should honour him for his expence as I doe the memory of Thomas Earl of Arundell and Surrey Grandchilde and Heir to the last Duke of Norfolke for the vast summes those Statues cost him from which Mr. Selden hath pickt out so many learned notions as you may find in his book entituled Marmora Arundeliana among which Statues is the inscription that proves Laches to be Archon at the death of Socrates which is to be made use of in this very place As for Epictetus his lamp it might have been of great advantage to Fortunius Licetas when he writ De Lucernis absconditis To return to our account of Socrates He was convicted of impiety and improbity by the false oaths of his Accusers and the testiness of his Judges for being asked at the Bar What in his own judgement he deserved he answered To be maintained by you the great Councell or Prytanaeum at the publique charge which so enraged the Senate that the major part by above 80. voted him to death and accordingly execution was done the Officer of death presenting him a draught of Hemlock which he cheerfully took off and so Laches as aforesaid being Archon in the first year of the ninety fift Olympiad he was poysoned by that ingratefull City of Athens which as Juvenal sayes Sat 7. to Scholars now Except cold Hemlock nothing dare allow Verse 21. Peribonius The Archi-gallus or chief Priest of Cybele Principall of an Order of Rogues so infamous for drunkennesse and debauchery that it was not lawfull for a free-born Roman to be one of the number The original of their institution was this Cybele the daughter of King Minos being in her infancy exposed upon the Hill Cybelus in Phrygia from which Hill she had her name and there nourished by the wilde beasts to whose mercy she was left was found by a Shepherds wife bred up as her own Child and grew to be both a great Beauty and a Lady of most excellent naturall parts for the Greeks from her invention had the Taber Pipe and Cimballs She was married to Saturne and therefore Mother of the Gods her highest title She was also called Rhea from her flowing or aboundant goodnesse styled likewise Pessinuntia from Pessinus a Mart-town in Phrygia and Berecynthia from Berecynthus a Mountain in the same Countrey where her Ceremonies were begun and Atis a handsome young Phrygian by her appointed superintendent over them upon condition that he would promise chastity during life but not long after he defloured a Nymph for which offence Cybele took away his understanding and in one of his mad fits by his own hand he was gelt and after that he attempted to kill himself but it seems the Compassionate Gods prevented him and turned the youth into a Pine-tree Ovid. Met. By his example the Phrygian Priests ever after gelded themselves with the shell of a fish Their Vest was particoloured called Synthesis or amictus variegatus they carried the picture of their Goddesse through the streets of Rome in their hands and striking their breasts kept tune with their Tabers Pipes and Cymbals called Aera Corybantia as they were named Corybantes from Corybantus one of Cybele's first Votaries they wore Miters fastened under their chins Sat. 6. Cybels Priest the tall Grave half-man with no obscene part of all A Fish-shell long since cut off that comes in A Phrygian Miter ty'd beneath his chin In this manner dancing about the streets they begged money of the people from whence the Romans termed them Circulatores Cybelei Cybels Juglers or Collectors they were common Bawds as appears by this place and Master-Gluttons and Drunkards as you may see in the following part of this Satyr and where the young Consul Damasippus layes the chief Priest of Cybele dead drunk Sat. 8. With Cybels Priest on 's back his bells at rest Verse 27. Herculean language This referres to Xenophons Dialogue between Hercules Virtue and Vice where Hercules confutes the monster Vice with arguments as he had done other monsters with his club Ver. 29. Varillus A poor Rogue that will acknowledg no difference or odds in point of goodness between himself the wicked great man Sextus Verse 33. To hear a Mutineer complain'd of by the Gracchi Signifies the same with our English Proverb To hear Vice correct Sin Caius and Tiberius Gracchus Sons to that excellent