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this_o and_o other_o country_n there_o be_v one_o very_o remarkable_a at_o bourdeaux_n in_o france_n which_o run_v under_o the_o church_n of_o st._n sorine_n and_o it_o seem_v under_o or_o near_o a_o pillar_n of_o that_o church_n in_o which_o there_o be_v make_v a_o hole_n large_a enough_o to_o put_v in_o one_o head_n which_o have_v another_o hole_n at_o the_o bottom_n go_v down_o through_o the_o pillar_n to_o the_o river_n to_o which_o if_o you_o apply_v your_o ear_n you_o may_v hear_v the_o noise_n of_o the_o water_n fall_v down_o even_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o organ_n which_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n be_v play_v there_o be_v upon_o the_o right_a hand_n a_o broad_a pair_n of_o stair_n with_o a_o great_a arch_a gate_n that_o take_v down_o to_o this_o subterraneous_a river_n from_o which_o they_o force_v water_n into_o a_o marble_n cistern_n that_o stand_v in_o the_o churchyard_n cover_v with_o another_o great_a stone_n yet_o open_a on_o the_o side_n at_o which_o the_o ignorant_a people_n take_v up_o water_n believe_v by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o the_o crafty_a priest_n that_o it_o be_v by_o the_o gift_n of_o st._n sorin_n a_o excellent_a collyrium_n for_o soreâ—_n eye_n this_o water_n as_o they_o force_v into_o the_o cistern_n by_o the_o pipe_n lay_v under_o ground_n on_o the_o wax_a of_o the_o moon_n so_o they_o let_v it_o gradual_o out_o by_o other_o pipe_n on_o the_o wane_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o make_v the_o people_n think_v that_o it_o depend_v on_o the_o course_n of_o the_o moon_n populus_fw-la vult_fw-la decipi_fw-la let_v we_o hear_v seneca_n speak_v to_o the_o purpose_n there_o be_v also_o under_o the_o earth_n less_o know_v law_n of_o nature_n but_o as_o sure_a believe_v the_o same_o to_o be_v below_o that_o be_v above_o there_o be_v also_o great_a cave_n there_o be_v great_a vault_n
at_o that_o time_n and_o who_o dispute_v with_o st._n paul_n at_o athens_n act_v 17._o 18._o or_o else_o such_o as_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o first_o formation_n of_o all_o thing_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o power_n of_o god_n in_o it_o which_o be_v or_o among_o the_o greek_a philosopher_n in_o those_o time_n now_o this_o be_v the_o fault_n the_o theois_n guilty_a of_o in_o the_o account_n creation_n all_o the_o six_o day_n work_n be_v in_o scripture_n say_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o word_n or_o power_n of_o god_n but_o in_o the_o theory_n all_o be_v say_v to_o be_v carry_v on_o by_o the_o law_n of_o gravitation_n without_o any_o mention_n make_v of_o the_o power_n of_o god_n which_o be_v the_o very_a thing_n that_o be_v â—ere_z condemn_v by_o the_o apostle_n and_o â—herefore_o what_o the_o theory_n think_v â—o_o make_v most_o for_o it_o militate_v most_o against_o it_o this_o charge_n be_v justify_v from_o the_o theory_n own_o word_n tell._n the._n ch_n 6._o i_o have_v follow_v the_o most_o common_a law_n of_o gravitation_n and_o levity_n and_o by_o their_o guidance_n alone_o we_o have_v see_v the_o promogenial_a mass_n after_o one_o or_o two_o alteration_n and_o a_o unconstant_a shape_n to_o have_v come_v into_o that_o stable_a form_n of_o the_o earth_n build_v upon_o the_o water_n that_o be_v to_o continue_v for_o some_o age_n see_v therefore_o the_o theorist_n have_v willing_o leave_v out_o any_o mention_n of_o the_o power_n of_o god_n in_o his_o whole_a theory_n contrary_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o scripture_n which_o ascribe_v all_o the_o work_v both_o of_o creation_n and_o providence_n to_o the_o wisdom_n and_o power_n of_o god_n he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v willing_o ignorant_a of_o both_o and_o to_o have_v write_v rather_o like_o a_o disciple_n of_o orpheus_n than_o a_o disciple_n of_o moses_n and_o yet_o his_o law_n of_o gravitation_n if_o right_o consider_v will_v not_o answer_v the_o phaenomena_n of_o the_o creation_n for_o the_o world_n be_v then_o but_o a_o make_n and_o may_v be_v then_o compare_v to_o the_o material_n of_o a_o clock_n before_o a_o ingenious_a artisicer_n which_o can_v never_o point_v out_o the_o hour_n and_o strike_v imitate_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n as_o some_o be_v make_v to_o do_v till_o the_o artificer_n have_v first_o make_v the_o several_a wheel_n etc._n etc._n in_o due_a proportion_n and_o fit_v they_o together_o and_o last_o of_o all_o put_v a_o spring_n or_o motion_n to_o they_o which_o i_o judge_v to_o have_v be_v complete_v about_o that_o time_n when_o he_o say_v all_o be_v very_o good_a which_o motion_n have_v be_v continue_v ever_o since_o except_o when_o he_o have_v be_v please_v by_o his_o finger_n to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o some_o of_o the_o wheel_n as_o he_o do_v when_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n stand_v still_o or_o to_o make_v they_o run_v backward_o as_o he_o do_v when_o the_o shadow_n go_v back_o on_o the_o dial_n of_o ahaz_n or_o to_o accelerate_v their_o motion_n more_o than_o ordinary_a among_o which_o may_v be_v reckon_v this_o of_o the_o deluge_n of_o which_o and_o the_o creation_n it_o be_v as_o easy_a for_o the_o theorist_n to_o give_v a_o account_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v one_o god_n almighty_n counsel_n at_o that_o time_n one_o may_v think_v that_o the_o sense_n of_o our_o natural_a blindness_n even_o in_o thing_n that_o most_o concern_v ourselves_o and_o that_o we_o have_v daily_o in_o our_o hand_n may_v give_v a_o check_n to_o this_o presumption_n but_o vain_a man_n will_v be_v wise_a beside_o this_o achillean_a argument_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o theory_n from_o which_o â—he_v author_n hope_v never_o to_o be_v beat_v he_o have_v other_o which_o at_o the_o first_o view_n â—nd_v as_o he_o be_v please_v to_o explain_v they_o â—eem_v to_o favour_v his_o cause_n very_o much_o yet_o after_o examination_n will_v be_v find_v to_o make_v no_o more_o for_o he_o than_o the_o former_a one_o be_v take_v from_o psal._n 24._o 2._o for_o he_o have_v found_v it_o upon_o the_o sea_n and_o establish_v it_o upon_o the_o flood_n or_o upon_o the_o river_n what_o can_v one_o think_v of_o more_o favourable_a for_o the_o theory_n than_o this_o but_o if_o we_o compare_v this_o with_o other_o place_n of_o scripture_n it_o will_v not_o be_v find_v to_o make_v for_o his_o purpose_n for_o example_n psal._n 2._o ver_n 3._o and_o he_o shall_v be_v like_o a_o tree_n plant_v upon_o the_o river_n no_o body_n i_o believe_v will_v make_v a_o philosophical_a argument_n of_o this_o to_o prove_v that_o tree_n in_o david_n time_n be_v plant_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o river_n but_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o scope_n of_o the_o psalmist_n which_o be_v to_o hold_v forth_o by_o this_o simile_n the_o flourish_a condition_n of_o the_o righteous_a will_v never_o once_o call_v it_o in_o question_n if_o tree_n do_v grow_v on_o the_o surface_n of_o river_n and_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o by_o upon_o the_o psalmist_n mean_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o river_n in_o which_o sense_n we_o say_v land_n lie_v upon_o such_o sea_n as_o they_o be_v adjacent_a to_o and_o house_n or_o city_n seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o river_n to_o stand_v upon_o the_o river_n for_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o the_o original_n import_v this_o and_o in_o this_o sense_n may_v be_v explain_v prov._n 6._o 27._o when_o he_o set_v a_o compass_n upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o deep_a of_o which_o the_o theorist_n say_v if_o i_o right_o understand_v the_o matter_n this_o be_v the_o place_n of_o the_o earth_n firm_o encompass_v the_o abyss_n and_o what_o else_o can_v be_v understand_v by_o this_o girth_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o which_o god_n be_v say_v to_o have_v encompass_v the_o abyss_n what_o be_v there_o in_o the_o present_a form_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o can_v answer_v it_o or_o to_o the_o bound_n or_o globe_n which_o he_o have_v put_v about_o the_o sea_n yes_o the_o theorist_n may_v have_v find_v another_o meaning_n in_o job_n 38._o who_o have_v shut_v up_o the_o sea_n with_o door_n etc._n etc._n ver_fw-la 11._o and_o set_v bar_n and_o door_n and_o say_v hitherto_o shall_v thou_o come_v and_o no_o far_o and_o here_o shall_v the_o pride_n of_o thy_o wave_n be_v stay_v these_o bar_n or_o bound_n be_v by_o all_o judge_v to_o be_v the_o sea_n shore_n by_o which_o god_n have_v limit_v the_o sea_n that_o it_o shall_v no_o more_o return_n to_o overflow_v the_o earth_n as_o it_o do_v before_o as_o in_o psal._n 104_o 9_o thou_o have_v set_v bound_n that_o they_o pass_v not_o over_o that_o they_o turn_v not_o again_o to_o cover_v the_o earth_n and_o in_o the_o common_a way_n of_o speak_v among_o our_o hydrographer_n this_o bound_n be_v call_v a_o girth_n so_o they_o call_v the_o coast_n round_o about_o england_n the_o girth_n of_o england_n since_o the_o theorist_n contrary_a to_o his_o own_o position_n will_v adduce_v scripture_n to_o prove_v his_o philosophical_a paradox_n by_o the_o same_o liberty_n we_o from_o ver_fw-la 5._o of_o this_o psalm_n who_o have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v remove_v for_o ever_o infer_v that_o the_o theorist_n foundation_n be_v none_o of_o god_n make_v since_o it_o be_v suppose_v by_o he_o to_o have_v be_v remove_v by_o fall_v under_o the_o abyss_n whereas_o before_o it_o be_v above_o it_o and_o may_v not_o we_o infer_v from_o god_n challenge_n to_o job_n ch_n 38._o ver_fw-la 4._o where_o be_v thou_o when_o i_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o earth_n declare_v if_o thou_o have_v understanding_n v_o 6._o whereupon_o be_v the_o foundation_n thereof_o fasten_v the_o very_a thing_n the_o theorist_n pretend_v to_o tell_v and_o to_o which_o job_n who_o without_o disparagement_n to_o the_o theorist_n we_o may_v imagine_v both_o a_o better_a man_n and_o a_o philosopher_n than_o he_o answer_v chap._n 42._o ver_fw-la 3._o therefore_o have_v i_o utter_v that_o i_o understand_v not_o thing_n too_o wonderful_a for_o i_o which_o i_o know_v not_o may_v not_o we_o i_o say_v infer_v that_o the_o theorist_n be_v very_o presumptuous_a in_o thus_o take_v up_o the_o argument_n against_o god_n almighty_a and_o may_v not_o we_o without_o breach_n of_o respect_n say_v theorice_n quid_fw-la animum_fw-la minorem_fw-la aeternis_fw-la consilijs_fw-la fatigas_fw-la this_o be_v the_o philosophy_n the_o apostle_n paul_n bid_v we_o beware_v of_o col._n 2._o 8._o beware_v lest_o any_o man_n spoil_v you_o through_o philosophy_n and_o vain_a deceit_n which_o will_v be_v very_o clear_a if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o hypothetical_n be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o philosophy_n in_o vogue_n among_o the_o grecian_n to_o who_o
and_o wide_a place_n form_v by_o the_o mountain_n hang_v over_o they_o then_o although_o we_o must_v confess_v that_o in_o some_o place_n river_n of_o great_a bigness_n flow_v under_o the_o earth_n we_o must_v not_o therefore_o believe_v that_o in_o this_o great_a plain_n on_o this_o side_n the_o po_n there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o subterraneous_a cavity_n and_o that_o field_n of_o so_o great_a a_o largeness_n can_v stand_v without_o ruin_n for_o so_o long_a time_n i_o must_v add_v moreover_o that_o the_o depth_n of_o this_o river_n in_o respect_n to_o its_o breadth_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v small_a because_o nature_n build_v all_o her_o cave_n and_o subterraneous_a passage_n archwise_o which_o all_o must_v have_v a_o depth_n proportionable_a to_o the_o breadth_n otherwise_o they_o lose_v their_o force_n and_o common_o they_o be_v of_o a_o circular_a figure_n or_o come_v near_o to_o it_o i._n e._n as_o deep_a as_o they_o be_v broad_a which_o in_o this_o case_n must_v be_v at_o least_o 4_o mile_n ☜_o but_o this_o cavity_n be_v of_o no_o depth_n almost_o yea_o but_o a_o few_o foot_n viz._n as_o much_o as_o the_o auger_n have_v make_v in_o bore_v for_o pass_v a_o iron_n rod_n throw_v the_o hole_n the_o bottom_n be_v present_o find_v as_o i_o have_v often_o try_v with_o other_o that_o have_v be_v with_o i_o moreover_o see_v the_o digger_n in_o the_o very_a terebration_n often_o fall_v on_o stock_n of_o tree_n as_o myself_o have_v often_o observe_v we_o must_v confess_v therefore_o that_o these_o tree_n have_v be_v before_o in_o open_a air_n and_o see_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o these_o well_n be_v often_o find_v bone_n coal_n and_o piece_n of_o iron_n we_o be_v likewise_o force_v to_o believe_v that_o people_n have_v former_o live_v on_o that_o ground_n or_o we_o must_v think_v that_o this_o great_a river_n at_o that_o time_n have_v a_o cover_n of_o 6_o or_o 8_o foot_n and_o that_o this_o our_o plain_n do_v afterward_o grow_v high_a by_o the_o daily_a descent_n of_o water_n from_o the_o apennine_a and_o the_o pare_n off_o of_o the_o upper_a ground_n but_o the_o above_o mention_v difficulty_n do_v still_o occur_v but_o let_v we_o suppose_v this_o great_a river_n run_v this_o way_n and_o that_o hitherto_o he_o have_v suffer_v a_o bridge_n from_o whence_o i_o pray_v come_v so_o great_a a_o plenty_n of_o water_n to_o fill_v this_o great_a cavity_n which_o we_o must_v always_o suppose_v to_o be_v full_a to_o make_v the_o water_n rise_v up_o in_o the_o well_n see_v to_o sustain_v the_o royal_a dignity_n of_o the_o po_n scarce_o so_o many_o river_n run_v into_o it_o from_o the_o apennine_a and_o the_o alps_o be_v sufficient_a and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n we_o may_v affirm_v that_o the_o po_n come_v far_o short_a of_o this_o subterraneous_a river_n last_o if_o this_o river_n must_v be_v 4_o mile_n broad_a i_o do_v not_o see_v why_o in_o all_o the_o extent_n of_o this_o source_n the_o depth_n of_o the_o well_n be_v always_o find_v the_o same_o for_o the_o well_n which_o be_v dig_v near_o the_o side_n of_o this_o great_a arch_n will_v be_v deep_o than_o those_o elsewhere_o but_o there_o be_v almost_o no_o difference_n in_o the_o depth_n of_o these_o well_n we_o can_v therefore_o give_v way_n to_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n of_o this_o subterraneous_a river_n notwithstanding_o the_o conjecture_n mention_v which_o we_o shall_v short_o answer_v and_o far_o less_o must_v we_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v many_o subterraneous_a stream_n flow_v from_o the_o same_o cistern_n and_o distinguish_v by_o interval_n which_o give_v water_n continual_o to_o these_o fountain_n for_o how_o can_v it_o be_v see_v there_o be_v so_o many_o thousand_o of_o fountain_n and_o continual_o such_o well_n be_v make_v both_o in_o the_o city_n and_o suburb_n that_o the_o undertaker_n never_o fall_v upon_o such_o interstice_n in_o the_o bore_v as_o i_o have_v often_o tell_v and_o which_o one_o can_v never_o admire_v enough_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o any_o caution_n here_o no_o need_n of_o diligence_n in_o choose_v a_o place_n see_v any_o place_n mark_v out_o either_o in_o the_o city_n or_o without_o for_o many_o mile_n be_v fit_a for_o the_o building_n of_o these_o well_n and_o all_o the_o difficulty_n in_o dig_v these_o well_n be_v in_o keep_v out_o the_o side-water_n which_o sometime_o flow_v in_o in_o great_a quantity_n so_o that_o they_o need_v a_o wall_n of_o brick_n to_o keep_v it_o out_o but_o when_o the_o workman_n have_v come_v to_o this_o last_o bottom_n then_o as_o have_v get_v their_o wish_n they_o begin_v their_o perforation_n with_o as_o great_a assurance_n of_o get_v water_n by_o their_o auger_n as_o if_o they_o have_v moses_n his_o rod._n neither_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o to_o be_v entertain_v who_o think_v that_o the_o subterraneous_a space_n from_o which_o these_o water_n flow_v be_v former_o the_o channel_n of_o scultenna_n and_o gabellus_n between_o which_o two_o river_n modena_n be_v now_o place_v which_o river_n as_o they_o imagine_v after_o they_o have_v descend_v from_o the_o apennine_a do_v join_v their_o water_n in_o this_o place_n and_o therefore_o through_o length_n of_o time_n the_o mountain_n decrease_v and_o the_o field_n rise_v the_o water_n rise_v to_o this_o height_n in_o these_o well_n when_o they_o be_v dig_v or_o in_o a_o hole_n make_v with_o sand_n wet_a with_o water_n which_o be_v supply_v from_o these_o river_n by_o hide_a passage_n and_o the_o sand_n itself_o that_o they_o may_v give_v credit_n to_o so_o plausible_a a_o thought_n they_o give_v a_o example_n for_o they_o say_v that_o near_o a_o stream_n a_o hole_n be_v make_v in_o the_o sand_n though_o dry_a on_o the_o surface_n the_o water_n appear_v which_o also_o by_o the_o observation_n of_o pliny_n the_o young_a be_v know_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o seashore_n for_o after_o this_o author_n with_o his_o accustom_a elegancy_n in_o a_o letter_n to_o plin._n gallus_n describe_v the_o pleasantness_n of_o his_o countrey-village_n by_o the_o seaside_n in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o epistle_n he_o make_v this_o relation_n as_o worthy_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o it_o have_v well_n or_o rather_o fountain_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o all_o that_o shore_n be_v wonderful_a in_o whatever_o place_n you_o move_v the_o ground_n you_o meet_v with_o water_n and_o that_o so_o fresh_a as_o not_o to_o have_v the_o least_o saltness_n from_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o these_o word_n the_o most_o learned_a man_n seem_v to_o give_v some_o specimen_fw-la of_o our_o fountain_n see_v there_o also_o in_o whatever_o place_n the_o ground_n be_v dig_v there_o be_v moisture_n yet_o it_o be_v gather_v by_o the_o same_o pliny_n word_n that_o the_o water_n of_o these_o well_n do_v not_o spring_v up_o i_o believe_v the_o same_o will_v happen_v in_o any_o sea-coast_n except_o some_o bed_n of_o clay_n intervene_v for_o the_o water_n do_v easy_o follow_v the_o sand_n therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o in_o any_o place_n of_o pliny_n countryhouse_n the_o water_n appear_v fresh_a be_v strain_v through_o the_o sand_n from_o the_o near_a sea_n and_o so_o deprive_v of_o its_o saltness_n but_o it_o be_v no_o way_n probable_a that_o the_o case_n be_v so_o in_o our_o ground_n for_o though_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o these_o river_n do_v former_o run_v in_o deep_a channel_n yet_o that_o that_o they_o give_v water_n to_o this_o spring_n i_o can_v no_o way_n be_v induce_v to_o believe_v ☜_o for_o these_o spring_n be_v perpetual_a neither_o do_v they_o know_v any_o increase_n or_o decrease_v when_o yet_o these_o river_n not_o only_o in_o summer_n but_o also_o sometime_o in_o winter_n have_v their_o sand_n dry_a as_o we_o have_v see_v of_o late_a year_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o hot_a season_n see_v all_o the_o well_n except_o these_o though_o dig_v deep_a give_v no_o water_n in_o the_o neighbour_a country_n to_o the_o great_a loss_n both_o of_o man_n and_o cattle_n but_o the_o flow_a of_o a_o most_o pure_a water_n from_o these_o fountain_n be_v so_o uniform_a and_o constant_a that_o it_o be_v improbable_a they_o shall_v depend_v on_o the_o unconstant_a and_o unequal_a state_n and_o course_n of_o these_o river_n for_o the_o water_n decrease_v in_o the_o deep_a vein_n the_o pressure_n will_v also_o decrease_v and_o so_o these_o fountain_n will_v be_v diminish_v moreover_o see_v the_o country_n of_o rhegium_n parma_n and_o all_o on_o this_o side_n the_o po_n be_v place_v in_o the_o same_o plain_a and_o many_o river_n descend_v from_o the_o apennine_a glide_v over_o these_o country_n i_o do_v not_o see_v why_o they_o do_v not_o enjoy_v the_o same_o prerogative_n when_o well_n be_v dig_v deep_a in_o they_o but_o no_o where_o that_o i_o know_v of_o
in_o which_o even_o when_o much_o be_v do_v the_o age_n follow_v will_v find_v something_o more_o to_o do_v see_v then_o according_a to_o our_o hypothesis_n the_o water_n of_o this_o hide_a source_n be_v movable_a and_o run_a and_o withal_o ascend_v on_o high_a because_o as_o be_v say_v before_o the_o passage_n by_o which_o they_o go_v out_o and_o fall_v into_o a_o gulf_n be_v straighten_a and_o see_v the_o ascent_n into_o these_o well_n be_v constant_a and_o perpetual_a nor_o can_v be_v do_v without_o some_o proportion_n to_o the_o height_n of_o their_o cistern_n because_o this_o cistern_n be_v suppose_v by_o we_o to_o be_v in_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o near_a apennine_a mountain_n and_o high_a by_o far_a than_o the_o elevation_n of_o these_o water_n from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o well_n to_o the_o top_n therefore_o i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o be_v unprosftable_a nor_o unpleasant_a if_o i_o endeavour_v to_o shadow_v out_o if_o not_o exact_o to_o describe_v such_o a_o proportion_n suppose_v then_o there_o be_v a_o vessel_n abc_n full_a of_o water_n to_o which_o a_o pipe_n de_fw-fr be_v fasten_v in_o a_o horizontal_n line_n and_o who_o orifice_n be_v half_o shut_v so_o that_o the_o water_n do_v not_o flow_v with_o a_o full_a stream_n let_v there_o be_v likewise_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o pipe_n d_o f_o another_o glass_n pipe_n he_o insert_v perpendicular_o therefore_o grant_v a_o free_a passage_n to_o the_o water_n i_o say_v that_o the_o water_n will_v be_v lift_v in_o the_o middle_a pipe_n he_o to_o such_o a_o height_n that_o if_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n be_v of_o eight_o part_n the_o elevation_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o straight_a pipe_n he_o shall_v be_v of_o six_o part_n and_o such_o a_o proportion_n will_v answer_v to_o any_o division_n of_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o pipe_n d_o f._n for_o if_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o pipe_n d_o f_o be_v whole_o shut_v so_o that_o no_o water_n run_v down_o none_o be_v ignorant_a that_o the_o water_n in_o the_o pipe_n he_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n must_v place_v its_o self_n in_o the_o same_o horizontal_n line_n with_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n to_o which_o effect_n two_o thing_n doubtless_o concur_v with_o equal_a force_n to_o wit_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o obstacle_n that_o whole_o obstruct_v the_o hole_n in_o the_o pipe_n which_o stop_n be_v eqvivalent_a to_o a_o power_n press_v with_o equal_a force_n against_o the_o water_n stagnate_v in_o the_o vessel_n if_o then_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o water_n in_o such_o a_o case_n be_v a_o produce_v arise_v from_o two_o cause_n equal_o work_v to_o wit_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o stop_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o when_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o same_o pipe_n d_o f_o shall_v only_o be_v stop_v in_o part_n the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o intermedial_a pipe_n h_n i_o whatever_o it_o be_v will_v be_v a_o product_n of_o the_o same_o pressure_n as_o in_o the_o first_o case_n and_o the_o virtual_a pressure_n of_o the_o stop_n but_o work_v unequal_o from_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o when_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o superincumbent_a water_n in_o the_o vessel_n that_o press_v it_o to_o flow_v out_o be_v in_o the_o same_o degree_n and_o energy_n as_o before_o and_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o force_n of_o the_o stop_n be_v remove_v the_o water_n can_v be_v lift_v up_o so_o high_a in_o the_o pipe_n erect_v perpendicular_o as_o to_o reach_v the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n but_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v under_o it_o so_o that_o if_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n be_v in_o supposition_n eight_o foot_n and_o operate_v with_o such_o a_o pressure_n as_o be_v equal_a to_o that_o height_n but_o the_o stop_n shall_v not_o act_v but_o half_a i._n e._n as_o four_o these_o two_o work_v together_o and_o make_v the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n there_o can_v but_o happen_v a_o effect_n which_o be_v between_o these_o two_o agent_n as_o 6_o be_v between_o 8_o and_o 4_o i_o e._n in_o a_o arithmetical_a proportion_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o suppose_a case_n the_o water_n will_v be_v only_o raise_v in_o the_o straight_a pipe_n h_n i_o to_o 6_o part_n which_o elevation_n be_v half_a the_o aggregate_v of_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o stop_n this_o be_v my_o reason_v before_o i_o try_v whether_o the_o thing_n agree_v to_o it_o which_o i_o do_v by_o insert_v a_o wooden_a and_o square_a pipe_n into_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vessel_n as_o in_o fig._n 3._o and_o fit_v a_o glass_n pipe_v divide_v into_o 8_o part_n and_o erect_v perpendicular_o to_o the_o same_o pipe_n then_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o pipe_n which_o may_v only_o obstruct_v the_o half_a of_o it_o i_o let_v the_o water_n run_v out_o and_o observe_v that_o the_o water_n do_v rise_v in_o the_o glass_n pipe_n in_o the_o same_o proportion_n to_o wit_n as_o 6_o to_z 8_o yet_o i_o must_v confess_v that_o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o water_n do_v not_o so_o exact_o answer_v to_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a obstacle_n put_v to_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o pipe_n because_o perhaps_o of_o the_o difficulty_n of_o fit_v divers_a door_n to_o the_o orifice_n and_o because_o of_o the_o undulation_n of_o the_o water_n produce_v in_o the_o glass_n pipe_n from_o the_o impetus_fw-la where_o it_o be_v observe_v to_o go_v out_o have_v therefore_o communicate_v these_o my_o observation_n to_o the_o most_o famous_a bocchabadatus_fw-la mathematician_n to_o the_o great_a duke_n and_o my_o intimate_a friend_n from_o our_o childhood_n for_o i_o always_o think_v it_o the_o part_n of_o a_o ingenuous_a man_n that_o i_o may_v use_v pliny_n word_n to_o confess_v by_o who_o i_o have_v profit_v he_o prompt_v i_o with_o a_o method_n by_o which_o i_o may_v obtain_v my_o desire_n when_o therefore_o he_o think_v that_o the_o diversity_n of_o stop_v may_v be_v supply_v if_o to_o the_o hole_n of_o the_o pipe_n from_o whence_o the_o water_n shall_v come_v out_o another_o straight_a pipe_n of_o the_o same_o bigness_n be_v set_v but_o with_o a_o proportion_n to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o cistern_n i_o make_v trial_n and_o the_o thing_n succeed_v according_a to_o my_o desire_n so_o in_o fig._n 4._o suppose_v the_o altitude_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o vessel_n to_o be_v of_o 8_o part_n and_o the_o pipe_n mn_v to_o be_v only_o of_o 4_o part_n by_o which_o mean_n it_o be_v equivalent_a to_o a_o obstacle_n that_o take_v up_o half_a the_o breadth_n of_o the_o aperture_n let_v the_o water_n run_v out_o and_o the_o vessel_n always_o remain_v full_a the_o water_n in_o the_o pipe_n hg_v appear_v suspend_v in_o e_o to_o wit_n in_o the_o height_n of_o 6_o part_n which_o be_v half_a the_o sum_n of_o 8_o and_o 4_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o resistance_n of_o the_o obex_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n in_o fig._n 5._o when_o the_o pipe_n be_v of_o the_o height_n of_o 6_o part_n the_o water_n in_o the_o glass_n pipe_n e_o f_o be_v see_v to_o rise_v to_o saint_n to_o wit_n to_o 7_o part_n the_o same_o be_v observe_v as_o in_o fig._n 6._o when_o the_o pipe_n e_o h_n pour_v forth_o the_o water_n be_v of_o â—_o part_n i._n e._n equivalent_a to_o a_o obstacle_n stop_v the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o orifice_n for_o in_o the_o glass_n pipe_v the_o water_n stand_v in_o t_o i._n e._n in_o part_n 5._o and_o that_o as_o exact_o as_o physical_a experiment_n will_v admit_v as_o every_o one_o may_v easy_o try_v i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o the_o same_o will_v happen_v in_o any_o other_o case_n therefore_o reason_n and_o experience_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o water_n be_v raise_v in_o a_o middle_n arithmetical_a proportion_n between_o the_o force_n of_o the_o obstacle_n and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o cistern_n while_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o divert_v myself_o in_o make_v various_a hydrostatical_a experiment_n in_o the_o dog-day_n i_o happen_v to_o make_v a_o very_a curious_a observation_n to_o wit_n that_o though_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n be_v the_o same_o in_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o same_o horizontal_n pipe_n be_v insert_v into_o it_o yet_o in_o the_o perpendicular_a pipe_n according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o situation_n there_o be_v a_o notable_a difference_n of_o the_o altitude_n of_o the_o water_n in_o one_o and_o the_o other_o as_o in_o fig._n 7._o let_v the_o vessel_n a_o b_o c_o d_o be_v full_a of_o water_n the_o pipe_n d_o h_n
be_v insert_v into_o it_o and_o shut_v in_o the_o extremity_n and_o let_v f_o g_o h_n i_o be_v the_o glass_n pipe_n erect_v perpendicular_o but_o m_n the_o pipe_n pour_v out_o water_n therefore_o in_o the_o pipe_n f_o g_o according_a to_o what_o be_v say_v before_o the_o water_n will_v rise_v to_o o_o i._n e._n to_o part_n 5._o for_o the_o height_n of_o the_o pipe_n m_o pour_v out_o the_o water_n be_v suppose_v 2._o and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n be_v as_o 8._o but_o if_o the_o pipe_n f_o g_z be_v transfer_v to_o h_n i_o the_o orifice_n where_o it_o be_v fasten_v be_v stop_v the_o water_n will_v be_v raise_v high_a i._n e._n to_o n_o to_o almost_o 7_o degree_n which_o will_v likewise_o happen_v if_o at_o the_o same_o time_n two_o glass_n pipe_n f_o g_o h_n i_o stand_v upright_o and_o the_o pipe_n m_o shall_v pour_v out_o water_n the_o vessel_n be_v always_o full_a for_o this_o different_a height_n of_o water_n be_v perceive_v well_o enough_o in_o every_o case_n one_o may_v try_v the_o same_o not_o only_a when_o the_o pipe_n that_o pour_v out_o the_o water_n be_v long_o or_o short_a but_o also_o when_o many_o pipe_n of_o different_a length_n and_o with_o proportion_n to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n send_v forth_o water_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o many_o glass_n pipe_n be_v interject_v see_v many_o case_n may_v be_v feign_v according_a to_o every_o one_o fancy_n but_o see_v there_o be_v no_o small_a undulation_n in_o the_o glass_n pipe_n because_o the_o water_n run_v out_o at_o m_o fall_v back_o upon_o its_o self_n this_o inconveniency_n will_v in_o some_o measure_n be_v shun_v if_o the_o pipe_n f_o h_n be_v something_o bend_a that_o so_o both_o the_o glass_n pipe_n and_o the_o pipe_n send_v forth_o the_o water_n be_v incline_v to_o one_o side_n for_o in_o this_o case_n there_o will_v happen_v less_o undulation_n and_o the_o different_a height_n of_o the_o water_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o view_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o phaenomenon_n i_o judge_v to_o be_v that_o the_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o water_n run_v from_o the_o cistern_n out_o at_o m_o withdraw_v some_o of_o the_o water_n from_o the_o pipe_n f_o g_o so_o that_o it_o can_v rise_v so_o high_a and_o the_o same_o impetus_fw-la come_v to_o h_n i_o find_v now_o no_o vent_n make_v it_o rise_v high_a even_o to_o n._n this_o new_a observation_n i_o communicate_v to_o the_o same_o boccabadatus_fw-la who_o as_o he_o do_v not_o a_o little_a wonder_n at_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o thing_n so_o be_v a_o most_o ingenious_a and_o exact_a searcher_n into_o natural_a thing_n he_o do_v not_o cease_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o yea_o afterward_o he_o tell_v i_o he_o have_v the_o demonstration_n of_o it_o which_o he_o say_v he_o will_v insert_v into_o his_o work_n which_o he_o be_v to_o publish_v about_o mechanic_n force_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o propose_v this_o phaenomenon_n to_o the_o lover_n of_o hydrostaticks_n think_v it_o worthy_a of_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o more_o acute_a wit_n to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v be_v discover_v from_o whence_o this_o diversity_n of_o pressure_n proceed_v chap._n viii_o about_o the_o goodness_n and_o excellency_n of_o the_o well_n of_o modena_n therefore_o have_v sail_v over_o these_o subterraneous_a water_n according_a to_o the_o best_a of_o my_o understanding_n as_o far_o as_o i_o can_v in_o a_o dark_a navigation_n in_o which_o neither_o the_o star_n nor_o the_o needle_n do_v guide_v i_o it_o remain_v that_o i_o furl_v my_o sail_n and_o hasten_v to_o the_o land_n georg._n 4._o but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o pass_v over_o with_o a_o dry_a foot_n the_o nature_n of_o these_o fountain_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v useful_a to_o man_n and_o lest_o as_o the_o custom_n be_v of_o those_o that_o be_v thirsty_a i_o drink_v quiet_o i_o shall_v touch_v only_o at_o some_o thing_n relate_v to_o this_o subject_n though_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v beyond_o my_o purpose_n it_o be_v a_o old_a dispute_n what_o in_o the_o class_n of_o simple_a water_n be_v most_o wholesome_a see_v some_o prefer_v rain-water_n other_o prefer_v fountain-water_n in_o some_o place_n river-water_n be_v most_o prefer_v in_o other_o well-water_n hypocrates_n seem_v to_o prefer_v rain-water_n to_o all_o other_o for_o these_o he_o call_v the_o sweet_a the_o thin_a and_o the_o clear_a of_o all_o see_v what_o be_v thin_a and_o light_a of_o the_o water_n be_v exalt_v and_o draw_v up_o by_o the_o sun_n yet_o it_o be_v certain_a hypocrates_n speak_v of_o rain_n water_n in_o the_o summertime_n which_o they_o call_v horaiae_fw-la i._n e._n early_o see_v among_o water_n that_o want_v art_n he_o commend_v these_o which_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n fall_v down_o from_o the_o sky_n when_o it_o thunder_v but_o these_o that_o fall_v in_o storm_n he_o pronounce_v bad_a celsus_n galen_n avicenna_n paulus_n and_o other_o follow_v hypocrates_n judge_v the_o same_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n pliny_n do_v great_o discommend_v rain-water_n yea_o he_o be_v so_o angry_a that_o he_o think_v the_o o_o pinion_n which_o commend_v they_o to_o endanger_v man_n life_n neither_o do_v he_o think_v it_o a_o argument_n of_o levity_n that_o they_o have_v be_v raise_v to_o heaven_n see_v stone_n also_o have_v be_v raise_v to_o heaven_n and_o further_o water_n when_o they_o fall_v from_o the_o cloud_n may_v be_v infect_v by_o the_o exhalation_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o that_o fountain-water_n to_o he_o seem_v preferable_a to_o they_o when_o plenty_n of_o they_o may_v be_v have_v but_o if_o the_o thing_n be_v due_o consider_v there_o will_v be_v no_o place_n leave_v to_o dispute_v for_o all_o rain-water_n as_o also_o fountain-water_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o goodness_n see_v every_o country_n have_v not_o the_o same_o atmosphere_n nor_o the_o same_o ground_n through_o which_o the_o water_n pass_v see_v also_o according_a to_o theophrastus_n such_o as_o the_o earth_n be_v such_o be_v the_o water_n it_o often_o happen_v as_o coâ—taeus_n advert_v that_o in_o some_o place_n for_o the_o purity_n of_o the_o air_n the_o rain-water_n be_v better_a but_o in_o other_o place_n the_o fountain_n or_o river-water_n be_v the_o best_a as_o the_o water_n of_o the_o river_n nile_n who_o much_o wished-for_a inundation_n keep_v all_o egypt_n every_o year_n solicitous_a but_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o nile_n excel_v in_o goodness_n all_o other_o seeing_z running_z a_o long_a way_n over_o a_o country_n burn_v with_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v concoct_v and_o be_v toss_v by_o sudden_a fall_n from_o the_o high_a mountain_n and_o attenuate_v hence_o athenaeus_n testify_v that_o when_o philadelphus_n king_n of_o egypt_n betroth_v his_o daughter_n berenice_n to_o antiochus_n king_n of_o assyria_n he_o will_v she_o to_o take_v with_o she_o the_o water_n of_o the_o nile_n yet_o when_o other_o thing_n do_v not_o agree_v it_o seem_v the_o fountain-water_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o rain-water_n and_o all_o other_o for_o rain-water_n be_v draw_v from_o all_o sort_n of_o filth_n dung_n and_o dead_a body_n themselves_o and_o though_o hypocrates_n judge_v they_o best_o yet_o he_o add_v that_o they_o have_v need_n of_o be_v boil_v and_o strain_v wherefore_o it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o some_o do_v disprove_v make_v of_o syrup_n of_o poppeys_n with_o rain-water_n and_o they_o think_v that_o hypocrates_n speak_v according_a to_o reason_n and_o not_o experience_n so_o among_o the_o modern_n the_o most_o experience_a etmuller_n say_v that_o rain-water_n keep_v always_o something_o earthy_a behind_o it_o though_o distil_v a_o hundred_o time_n but_o so_o will_v any_o water_n do_v as_o well_o as_o rain_v water_n but_o well-water_n see_v they_o have_v no_o motion_n but_o when_o they_o be_v stir_v and_o in_o the_o bottom_n have_v much_o slime_n and_o rain-water_n be_v gather_v of_o snow_n and_o rains_n and_o run_v over_o divers_a kind_n oâ—_n earth_n and_o be_v therefore_o by_o hypocrates_n call_v disagree_v can_v have_v that_o purity_n and_o simplicity_n which_o the_o fountain-water_n have_v which_o be_v concoct_v by_o the_o heat_n pen_v up_o in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v strain_v through_o the_o same_o earth_n therefore_o our_o most_o pure_a fountain-water_n as_o they_o have_v the_o first_o place_n in_o the_o rank_n of_o plain_a water_n so_o they_o yield_v to_o none_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a fountain_n of_o our_o time_n for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o mark_n by_o which_o the_o most_o sincere_a water_n and_o fit_a for_o humane_a use_n be_v commend_v do_v appear_v in_o these_o in_o a_o most_o eminent_a manner_n the_o chief_a quality_n that_o be_v want_v
be_v deserve_o oppose_v to_o avicenna_n who_o think_v that_o rain-water_n be_v soon_o corrupt_v because_o they_o be_v thin_a for_o rather_o from_o thinness_n of_o the_o substance_n one_o may_v argue_v that_o their_o substance_n be_v less_o subject_a to_o corruption_n as_o be_v know_v of_o distil_a water_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o true_o be_v thin_a than_o wine_n and_o not_o only_o do_v not_o putrify_v itself_o but_o also_o preserve_v other_o body_n free_a from_o corruption_n see_v then_o experience_v itself_o make_v it_o plain_a that_o those_o which_o be_v most_o simple_a do_v less_o putrify_v but_o those_o which_o have_v a_o great_a heterogenity_n because_o of_o the_o disagreement_n of_o the_o internal_a part_n and_o a_o continual_a fermentation_n be_v more_o easy_o corrupt_v therefore_o i_o be_o easy_o induce_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o curruption_n of_o the_o water_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o its_o pravity_n than_o goodness_n but_o the_o reason_n why_o the_o rain_n water_n soon_o putrify_v may_v be_v this_o that_o when_o by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v from_o the_o earth_n all_o sort_n of_o filth_n be_v raise_v with_o it_o and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o volatile_a salt_n be_v mix_v with_o it_o which_o make_v becher_n say_v that_o all_o rain-water_n be_v putrify_v and_o distil_v do_v give_v a_o ardent_a spirit_n but_o if_o promptitude_n to_o putrefaction_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o goodness_n why_o may_v we_o not_o say_v the_o same_o of_o eatable_n which_o natural_o do_v soon_o putrify_v such_o as_o be_v flesh_n fish_n word_n early_o ripe_a fruit_n and_o the_o like_a viz._n that_o these_o aliment_n be_v better_a than_o those_o which_o do_v not_o so_o soon_o putrify_v see_v they_o be_v soon_o alter_v by_o the_o concoct_n faculty_n weak_a food_n have_v a_o short_a life_n hypocrates_n as_o valesius_fw-la interpret_v say_v they_o make_v man_n life_n short_a and_o such_o as_o cat_n these_o meat_n be_v infirm_a and_o weak_a and_o can_v live_v so_o long_o so_o bread_n of_o wheat_n well_o ferment_v and_o well_o bake_v give_v a_o most_o excellent_a nourishment_n and_o long_a life_n to_o sound_a body_n and_o bread_n of_o all_o food_n do_v lest_o putrefy_v upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v that_o levinus_n lemnius_n commend_v it_o for_o say_v he_o bread_n long_o keep_v do_v indeed_o grow_v mouldy_a and_o grow_v dry_a but_o do_v not_o putrefy_v therefore_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a to_o the_o praise_n of_o our_o fountain_n that_o they_o do_v not_o corrupt_v so_o that_o have_v other_o mark_n of_o goodness_n they_o be_v to_o be_v reckon_v the_o best_a of_o water_n it_o be_v a_o old_a commendation_n of_o water_n if_o pulse_n be_v quick_o boil_v in_o they_o as_o pliny_n athenaeus_n vitruvius_n galeus_n paulus_n and_o among_o the_o modern_a physician_n langius_n costaeus_n bruvierinus_fw-la and_o other_o do_v testify_v but_o it_o be_v know_v that_o this_o also_o be_v common_a to_o unwholesome_a water_n for_o the_o difficulty_n of_o boil_v some_o pulse_n be_v not_o always_o by_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o water_n but_o very_o often_o of_o the_o grain_n themselves_o as_o they_o have_v grow_v in_o this_o or_o the_o other_o ground_n as_o theophrastus_n testify_v when_o he_o say_v that_o there_o be_v many_o place_n which_o always_o bring_v forth_o pulse_n that_o be_v easy_o boil_v other_o there_o be_v which_o bring_v forth_o grain_n hard_a to_o be_v boil_v yea_o plutarch_n say_v that_o of_o two_o furrow_n join_v together_o one_o bring_v forth_o a_o hard_a crop_n the_o other_o not_o the_o woman_n themselves_o know_v that_o well_o enough_o who_o if_o they_o have_v pulse_n that_o be_v not_o easy_o boil_v use_v to_o macerate_v they_o a_o night_n in_o water_n with_o a_o sack_n full_a of_o ash_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o close_a texture_n of_o the_o grain_n be_v open_v by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o the_o ash_n and_o i_o think_v none_o will_v look_v upon_o the_o water_n so_o make_v lixivial_a as_o simple_a or_o will_v commend_v it_o for_o daily_o drink_v in_o whole_a body_n yet_o i_o can_v deny_v that_o salt_n and_o crude_a water_n very_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o best_a may_v be_v for_o some_o sickly_a nature_n or_o in_o a_o neutral_a state_n of_o health_n instead_o of_o medicine_n which_o hypocrates_n have_v teach_v express_o in_o these_o word_n but_o whatever_o be_v salt_n and_o crude_a be_v not_o fit_a for_o all_o to_o drink_v of_o yet_o there_o be_v some_o nature_n to_o who_o such_o water_n be_v convenient_a to_o be_v drink_v whatever_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v boil_v the_o greek_a call_v ateramnia_n transfer_v likewise_o the_o same_o word_n to_o a_o stubborn_a and_o inflexible_a mind_n so_o grain_n hard_a to_o be_v boil_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d such_o as_o be_v those_o which_o theophrastus_n say_v grow_v in_o a_o thick_a tough_a earth_n and_o as_o it_o be_v clayie_a as_o at_o philippi_n when_o the_o pulse_n which_o egypt_n bear_v both_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o nitrous_a soil_n and_o the_o heat_n be_v easy_o boil_v likewise_o water_n in_o which_o grain_n be_v hardly_o boil_v be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o word_n hypocrates_n use_v to_o signify_v the_o crudity_n of_o water_n in_o many_o occasion_n of_o which_o erotianus_n have_v in_o his_o onomasticon_fw-la make_v a_o collection_n therefore_o as_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o pulse_n be_v boil_v be_v not_o always_o the_o fault_n of_o the_o water_n so_o their_o be_v easy_o boil_v be_v not_o a_o mark_n of_o their_o goodness_n which_o sometime_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o seed_n sometime_o to_o the_o water_n yea_o more_o effectual_a in_o some_o water_n that_o be_v not_o of_o the_o best_a see_v in_o nitrous_a and_o lixivious_a water_n pulse_n root_n and_o word_n be_v soon_o boil_v upon_o this_o account_n in_o rain-water_n as_o be_v full_a of_o saline_n particle_n all_o kind_n of_o grain_n be_v soon_o boil_v than_o in_o fountain-water_n which_o be_v more_o pure_a and_o defecated_a upon_o this_o account_n horatius_n augenius_n prefer_v rain-water_n to_o other_o for_o make_v of_o ptisan_n when_o he_o have_v take_v notice_n that_o barley_n do_v soon_o boil_v in_o this_o than_o in_o spring-water_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n confess_v that_o the_o rain-water_n be_v not_o sincere_a which_o make_v he_o go_v into_o this_o opinion_n as_o a_o paradox_n that_o the_o pure_a the_o water_n be_v and_o less_o mix_v the_o less_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o use_n of_o life_n but_o in_o our_o fountain-water_n pulse_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v easy_o enough_o boil_v and_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o aliment_n which_o as_o i_o dare_v not_o discommend_v in_o they_o so_o i_o think_v be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o mark_n of_o the_o best_a but_o certain_o that_o be_v a_o great_a criterion_n for_o judge_v of_o the_o goodness_n of_o plain_a water_n which_o as_o vitruvius_n say_v be_v take_v from_o the_o habit_n of_o man_n body_n that_o live_v about_o those_o water_n to_o wit_n if_o they_o be_v robu_v clear_a complexion_n sound_n and_o not_o blear-eyed_a now_o it_o be_v know_v enough_o that_o both_o citizen_n and_o such_o as_o live_v in_o the_o suburb_n here_o be_v of_o a_o good_a habit_n of_o body_n and_o subject_n to_o none_o of_o these_o distemper_n and_o the_o good_a health_n which_o those_o of_o modena_n enjoy_v beyond_o other_o town_n on_o this_o side_n the_o po_n be_v not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o the_o wholsomness_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o water_n as_o in_o egypt_n where_o their_o long_a life_n according_a to_o alpinus_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o water_n of_o the_o nile_n see_v therefore_o in_o the_o most_o strict_a censure_n the_o water_n of_o these_o fountain_n be_v not_o only_o innocent_a but_o wholesome_a true_o this_o city_n have_v nothing_o in_o which_o it_o may_v envy_v any_o other_o as_o to_o this_o point_n yea_o see_v its_o water_n be_v carry_v to_o the_o neighbour_a place_n in_o the_o summertime_n the_o nucerian_a water_n be_v now_o out_o of_o use_n to_o the_o great_a benefit_n of_o the_o sick_a so_o in_o the_o summertime_n they_o run_v to_o these_o fountain_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o fever_n for_o the_o use_n of_o water_n that_o i_o may_v not_o say_v the_o abuse_n be_v grow_v so_o frequent_a that_o it_o seem_v the_o only_a febrifuge_n and_o chief_o to_o the_o fountain_n which_o be_v call_v abyssus_n as_o to_o the_o well_o of_o esculapius_n of_o which_o we_o speak_v before_o wherefore_o i_o need_v not_o fear_v to_o make_v use_n of_o what_o claudian_n say_v of_o aponus_n that_o they_o be_v at_o least_o among_o our_o countrey-folk_n commune_fw-la medentum_fw-la auxilium_fw-la praesens_fw-la numen_fw-la inempta_fw-la salus_fw-la physician_n common_a aid_n a_o present_a help_n a_o powerful_a deity_n and_o a_o unpurchased_a health_n and_o so_o much_o may_v suffice_v concern_v the_o nature_n and_o property_n of_o the_o well_n of_o modena_n and_o if_o i_o have_v say_v something_o like_o probable_a it_o be_v well_o but_o if_o not_o then_o both_o for_o the_o dignity_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o matter_n volutatum_fw-la est_fw-la dolium_fw-la in_o cranio_n finis_fw-la theor._n l._n 1._o p._n 114._o tell._n th._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o tell._n th._n c._n 5._o p._n 35_o 36_o 37._o ☞_o ram._n p._n 58_o 76._o fig._n 1._o exer._n 100_o de_fw-fr motu_fw-la anim_fw-la p._n 1._o prop._n 215._o ☜_o ☜_o ep._n 2._o lib._n 4._o lib._n 5._o hist._n nat._n c._n 9_o c._n 35._o lib._n 3_o quaest._n nat._n c._n 28._o cant._n 4._o l._n 3._o quae._n nat._n c._n 7._o de_fw-fr leg._n dial._n 8._o lib._n 7._o de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la in_o lucul_n 5_o aph._n 26._o lib._n 31._o n._n 11._o c._n 3._o one_o may_v rather_o say_v saline_n in_o thal._n de_fw-fr bonit_n aq_fw-la c._n 1._o
in_o rehearse_v the_o curious_a thing_n that_o occur_v in_o the_o dig_v of_o these_o well_n that_o there_o be_v three_o bed_n of_o clay_n two_o of_o 11_o foot_n another_o below_o it_o of_o less_o thickness_n with_o marshy_a bed_n between_o they_o of_o two_o foot_n thick_a i_o have_v often_o time_n study_v to_o find_v out_o the_o generation_n of_o these-bed_n examine_v with_o myself_o how_o they_o be_v distinguish_v in_o this_o order_n of_o time_n through_o the_o whole_a tract_n i_o know_v there_o have_v be_v among_o our_o countryman_n some_o who_o think_v that_o these_o bed_n of_o clay_n be_v the_o product_n of_o the_o universal_a deluge_n but_o this_o author_n who_o name_n i_o now_o pass_v in_o silence_n lest_o i_o shall_v seem_v to_o contend_v with_o the_o ghost_n for_o he_o die_v this_o year_n though_o he_o be_v bear_v in_o this_o country_n yet_o have_v live_v always_o abroad_o be_v sure_o never_o present_a at_o the_o dig_v of_o those_o well_n but_o have_v have_v from_o other_o all_o that_o he_o say_v of_o they_o for_o if_o he_o have_v see_v the_o structure_n of_o these_o fountain_n he_o will_v never_o have_v write_v that_o the_o clay_n in_o these_o well_n be_v 24_o foot_n deep_a and_o the_o marshy_a ground_n as_o thick_a for_o there_o be_v three_o bed_n of_o clay_n two_o of_o 11_o foot_n apiece_o and_o one_o less_o with_o their_o bed_n of_o marshy_a ground_n between_o of_o two_o foot_n a_o piece_n therefore_o this_o conjecture_n for_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o universal_a deluge_n take_v from_o the_o thickness_n of_o the_o clay_n be_v of_o no_o weight_n i_o be_o persuade_v therefore_o that_o after_o the_o universal_a deluge_n who_o vestigy_n be_v perhaps_o deep_o these_o bed_n of_o clay_n be_v produce_v by_o three_o particular_a flood_n yet_o great_a and_o most_o ancient_a so_o that_o from_o one_o flood_n to_o another_o much_o time_n intercede_v in_o which_o the_o stagnation_n of_o the_o water_n and_o the_o ground_n putrify_v together_o with_o the_o leaf_n and_o root_n of_o reed_n give_v original_a to_o these_o intermedial_a marshy_a bed_n i_o can_v easy_o believe_v that_o this_o bulk_n of_o clay_n be_v make_v of_o the_o earth_n draw_v down_o from_o the_o mountain_n by_o the_o hasty_a descent_n of_o the_o water_n into_o these_o valley_n see_v for_o gather_v of_o clay_n for_o the_o potter_n it_o be_v usual_a with_o we_o to_o convey_v the_o water_n into_o pit_n make_v by_o art_n out_o of_o the_o river_n scultenna_n and_o gabellus_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o water_n be_v exhale_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o summer_n there_o settle_v much_o clay_n in_o they_o which_o the_o potter_n afterward_o use_v for_o make_v their_o vessel_n and_o pliny_n testify_v that_o the_o potter_n art_n excel_v in_o this_o city_n of_o old_a because_o of_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o clay_n and_o its_o toughness_n say_v that_o modena_n be_v famous_a in_o italy_n for_o potter_n work_n when_o at_o that_o time_n as_o he_o say_v luxury_n have_v come_v to_o that_o 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