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A09800 The philosophie, commonlie called, the morals vvritten by the learned philosopher Plutarch of Chæronea. Translated out of Greeke into English, and conferred with the Latine translations and the French, by Philemon Holland of Coventrie, Doctor in Physicke. VVhereunto are annexed the summaries necessary to be read before every treatise; Moralia. English Plutarch.; Holland, Philemon, 1552-1637. 1603 (1603) STC 20063; ESTC S115981 2,366,913 1,440

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thank_v for_o thy_o quickness_n &_o celerity_n thou_o have_v quit_v thyself_o well_o indeed_o that_o the_o word_n which_o erewhile_o i_o utter_v unto_o thou_o be_v get_v before_o i_o into_o the_o market_n place_n well_o the_o first_o thing_n that_o he_o do_v be_v this_o to_o the_o magistrate_n he_o go_v straightway_o signify_v unto_o they_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o speech_n and_o free_v they_o from_o all_o fear_n and_o trouble_v but_o when_o he_o be_v come_v home_o to_o his_o own_o house_n he_o fall_v in_o hand_n to_o chastise_v his_o wife_n how_o now_o dame_n quoth_v he_o how_o be_v this_o come_v to_o pass_v you_o have_v undo_v i_o for_o ever_o for_o it_o be_v find_v and_o know_v for_o a_o truth_n that_o this_o secret_a and_o matter_n of_o counsel_n which_o i_o impart_v to_o you_o be_v divulge_v and_o publish_v abroad_o and_o that_o out_o of_o my_o house_n and_o thus_o your_o unbridled_a tongue_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o i_o must_v abandon_v and_o fly_v my_o country_n and_o 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〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v god_n make_v you_o wise_a fulvius_n fulvius_n soon_o find_v he_o and_o conceive_v present_o what_o he_o mean_v thereby_o whereupon_o he_o retire_v home_o to_o his_o house_n withal_o speed_n and_o call_v for_o his_o wife_n unto_o who_o caesar_n quoth_v he_o be_v come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n that_o i_o have_v not_o keep_v his_o counsel_n nor_o conceal_v his_o secret_n and_o therefore_o i_o be_o resolve_v to_o make_v myself_o away_o with_o my_o own_o hand_n and_o well_o worthy_a quoth_v she_o for_o just_o you_o have_v deserve_v death_n who_o have_v live_v so_o long_o with_o i_o know_v not_o the_o incontinence_n of_o my_o tongue_n all_o this_o while_n nor_o will_v take_v heed_n and_o beware_v of_o it_o but_o yet_o suffer_v i_o first_o to_o die_v upon_o your_o sword_n and_o with_o that_o catch_a hold_n thereof_o kill_v herself_o before_o her_o husband_n and_o therefore_o philippides_n the_o comedian_n do_v very_o wise_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o 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insult_v over_o he_o debase_v and_o defame_v he_o what_o they_o can_v in_o so_o much_o as_o man_n of_o a_o ruddy_a colour_n they_o deride_v &_o make_v of_o they_o a_o laugh_a stock_n and_o as_o for_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o coptos_n they_o use_v at_o a_o certain_a feast_n to_o throw_v a_o ass_n headlong_o down_o from_o the_o pitch_n of_o a_o high_a rock_n because_o typhon_n be_v ruddy_a and_o of_o a_o red_a ass_n colour_n the_o busiritant_n and_o lycopolites_n forbear_v to_o sound_v any_o trumpet_n because_o they_o resemble_v the_o bray_n of_o a_o ass_n and_o general_o they_o take_v a_o ass_n to_o be_v a_o unclean_a beast_n and_o daemonicall_a for_o the_o resemblance_n in_o hue_n that_o it_o have_v with_o he_o and_o when_o they_o make_v certain_a cake_n in_o their_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o month_n payni_n and_o phaophi_n they_o work_v they_o in_o paistry_n with_o the_o print_n upon_o they_o of_o a_o ass_n bind_v also_o in_o their_o solemn_a sacrifice_n to_o the_o sun_n they_o command_v as_o many_o as_o will_v be_v there_o to_o worship_v that_o god_n not_o to_o we_o be_v any_o brooch_n or_o jewel_n of_o gold_n about_o their_o body_n nor_o to_o give_v any_o meat_n or_o provander_n unto_o a_o ass_n what_o need_v soever_o he_o have_v thereof_o it_o seem_v also_o that_o the_o pythagorean_n themselves_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o typhon_n be_v some_o fiend_n or_o daemonicall_a power_n for_o they_o say_v that_o typhon_n be_v bear_v in_o the_o even_a number_n of_o six_o and_o fifty_o again_o that_o the_o triangular_a number_n or_o sigure_n be_v the_o puissance_n of_o pluto_n bacchus_n and_o mars_n of_o the_o quadrangle_n be_v the_o power_n of_o rhea_n venus_n ceres_n vesta_n and_o juno_n that_o of_o twelve_o angle_n belong_v to_o the_o might_n of_o jupiter_n but_o that_o of_o fifty_o six_o angle_n be_v the_o force_n of_o typhon_n as_o eudoxus_n have_v leave_v in_o writing_n but_o the_o egyptian_n suppose_v that_o typhon_n be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n do_v kill_v for_o 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bind_v behind_o he_o and_o have_v a_o sword_n set_v to_o his_o throat_n semblable_o they_o use_v the_o name_n of_o a_o ass_n also_o as_o have_v be_v say_v for_o his_o uncivil_a rudeness_n and_o insolency_n no_o less_o than_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o colour_n wherein_o he_o resemble_v typhon_n and_o therefore_o the_o egyptian_n give_v unto_o ochus_n a_o king_n of_o the_o persian_n who_o they_o hate_v above_o all_o other_o as_o most_o curse_a and_o abominable_a the_o surname_n of_o ass_n whereof_o ochus_n be_v advertise_v and_o say_v withal_o this_o ass_n shall_v devour_v your_o ox_n cause_v present_o their_o beef_n 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v kill_v and_o sacrifice_v as_o dinon_n have_v leave_v in_o writing_n as_o for_o those_o who_o say_v that_o typhon_n after_o he_o have_v lose_v the_o field_n flee_v six_o day_n journey_n upon_o a_o ass_n back_o and_o have_v by_o this_o mean_v escape_v beg_v at_o two_o son_n hierosolymus_fw-la and_o judaeus_n evident_a it_o be_v herein_o that_o they_o will_v 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crafty_a quean_n in_o right_a hand_n water_n cold_a and_o in_o the_o left_a hot_a fire_n do_v close_o hold_v and_o among_o the_o persian_n the_o most_o effectual_a manner_n of_o supplication_n and_o that_o which_o may_v in_o no_o wise_n be_v reject_v and_o deny_v be_v if_o the_o suppliant_a with_o fire_n in_o his_o hand_n enter_v into_o a_o river_n &_o there_o menace_v to_o fling_v it_o into_o the_o water_n if_o he_o may_v not_o have_v his_o request_n grant_v &_o then_o he_o obtatine_v very_o his_o petition_n but_o afterward_o punish_v he_o be_v for_o that_o threaten_n which_o he_o use_v as_o be_v wicked_a wretched_a &_o unnatural_a and_o what_o proverb_n be_v there_o ready_a in_o every_o man_n mouth_n than_o to_o say_v when_o we_o will_v signify_v a_o unpossible_a thing_n this_o be_v to_o mingle_v fire_n and_o water_n together_o which_o testify_v thus_o much_o that_o water_n be_v the_o mortal_a enemy_n unto_o fire_n war_a with_o it_o punish_v &_o quench_v it_o and_o not_o the_o air_n 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to_o freeze_n and_o become_v ice_n it_o be_v without_o all_o sense_n and_o most_o absurd_a for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o very_a air_n itself_o be_v never_o conglaciate_a nor_o freeze_v nor_o harden_v consider_v that_o mist_n 〈◊〉_d and_o cloud_n be_v no_o congealation_n but_o only_a gather_n and_o thickening_n of_o a_o moist_a and_o vapourous_a air_n for_o the_o true_a air_n indeed_o which_o have_v no_o vapour_n at_o all_o and_o be_v altogether_o dry_a admit_v no_o such_o refrigeration_n as_o may_v alter_v it_o to_o that_o degree_n and_o height_n and_o certain_a mountain_n there_o be_v which_o be_v not_o subject_a either_o to_o cloud_n mist_n or_o dew_n for_o that_o their_o head_n reach_v up_o to_o that_o region_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v pure_a and_o exempt_a from_o all_o humidity_n whereby_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o these_o gather_n and_o thickening_n which_o be_v see_v in_o the_o air_n beneath_o proceed_v from_o cold_a and_o moisture_n which_o be_v mingle_v therewith_o &_o 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continuate_a one_o to_o the_o other_o neither_o sound_v it_o and_o be_v conformable_a to_o reason_n that_o nature_n have_v fasten_v with_o one_o tenon_n as_o they_o say_v and_o place_v so_o near_o together_o the_o killer_n and_o that_o which_o be_v kill_v the_o consumer_n and_o that_o which_o be_v consume_v as_o if_o the_o be_v not_o the_o mediatresse_n between_o they_o of_o peace_n unity_n and_o accord_n but_o rather_o the_o workmistresse_n of_o war_n debate_n and_o discord_n for_o sure_o her_o order_n and_o custom_n be_v not_o to_o join_v front_n to_o front_n substance_n that_o be_v altogether_o contrary_a and_o open_a enemy_n one_o to_o the_o other_o but_o to_o place_v between_o they_o such_o as_o participate_v with_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o which_o be_v so_o seat_v dispose_v and_o interlace_v in_o the_o middle_n as_o that_o they_o tend_v not_o to_o the_o destruction_n but_o to_o the_o association_n of_o two_o contrary_n such_o a_o situation_n and_o region_n have_v the_o air_n in_o the_o world_n be_v spread_v under_o the_o fire_n and_o before_o the_o water_n for_o to_o accommodate_v and_o frame_v itself_o both_o to_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o to_o conjoin_v and_o link_v they_o both_o together_o be_v of_o itself_o neither_o hot_a nor_o cold_a but_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o medley_n and_o temperature_n of_o they_o both_o not_o i_o say_v a_o pernicious_a mixture_n but_o a_o gracious_a which_o gentle_o entertein_v and_o receive_v these_o contrary_a extremity_n furthermore_o the_o air_n be_v always_o equal_a and_o yet_o the_o winter_n be_v not_o evermore_o cold_a a_o little_a but_o some_o part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v cold_a and_o exceed_o moist_a other_o cold_a and_o as_o dry_v and_o that_o not_o casual_o and_o by_o fortune_n but_o for_o that_o one_o and_o the_o same_o substance_n be_v susceptable_a both_o of_o heat_n and_o cold_a for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o 〈◊〉_d be_v hot_a and_o dry_a altogether_o without_o water_n and_o those_o who_o have_v travel_v through_o scythia_n thracia_n and_o pontus_n do_v report_n that_o there_o be_v exceed_v great_a lake_n therein_o and_o that_o those_o kingdom_n be_v water_v with_o many_o mighty_a deep_a river_n also_o that_o the_o country_n in_o the_o midst_n between_o and_o those_o part_n which_o adjoyne_v upon_o those_o huge_n mere_n and_o fen_n be_v extreme_a cold_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vapour_n that_o arise_v from_o they_o as_o for_o posidonius_n when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o moisture_n be_v this_o that_o the_o fenny_a and_o morish_a air_n be_v ever_o fresh_a and_o moist_a he_o have_v not_o solve_v the_o question_n which_o be_v probable_a but_o make_v it_o more_o doubtful_a and_o without_o probability_n for_o the_o air_n seem_v not_o always_o so_o much_o cold_a as_o it_o be_v more_o fresh_a in_o case_n cold_a be_v not_o engender_v of_o moisture_n and_o therefore_o homer_n say_v much_o better_a the_o wind_n from_o river_n if_o that_o it_o hold_v be_v 〈◊〉_d bleak_a and_o blow_v full_a cold_a as_o if_o he_o point_v with_o his_o very_a finger_n to_o the_o source_n and_o fountain_n of_o cold_a moreover_o our_o sense_n do_v oftentimes_o beguile_v and_o deceive_v we_o as_o namely_o when_o we_o touch_v wool_n or_o clothes_n that_o be_v cold_a for_o we_o think_v that_o they_o be_v moist_a and_o wet_a for_o that_o there_o be_v one_o substance_n common_a to_o both_o these_o quality_n and_o both_o these_o nature_n be_v neighbour_n and_o familiar_a also_o in_o those_o climate_n of_o the_o world_n where_o the_o winter_n be_v extreme_a hard_a and_o rough_a the_o cold_a many_o time_n crack_v and_o break_v vessel_n of_o brass_n and_o of_o earth_n not_o any_o i_o mean_v that_o be_v void_a and_o empty_a but_o all_o full_a by_o reason_n
clothes_n and_o cloud_n to_o appear_v black_a with_o which_o it_o be_v mingle_v also_o the_o moisture_n that_o be_v in_o young_a folk_n make_v their_o hair_n black_a but_o grisled_a hoariness_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o pale_a yellow_a come_v by_o reason_n of_o siccity_n unto_o those_o who_o be_v past_o their_o flower_n and_o now_o in_o their_o decline_a age_n also_o the_o spring_n time_n be_v green_a fresh_a pleasant_a and_o generative_a but_o the_o latter_a season_n of_o autumn_n for_o want_v of_o moisture_n be_v a_o enemy_n to_o plant_n and_o breed_v disease_n in_o man_n and_o beast_n to_o speak_v also_o of_o that_o ox_n or_o beef_n name_v mnevis_n which_o be_v keep_v and_o nourish_v in_o heliopolis_n at_o the_o common_a charge_n of_o the_o city_n consecrate_v unto_o osiris_n and_o which_o some_o say_v be_v the_o sire_n of_o apis_n black_a he_o be_v of_o hair_n and_o honour_v in_o a_o second_o degree_n after_o apis._n moreover_o the_o whole_a land_n of_o egypt_n be_v of_o all_o other_o exceed_v black_a such_o a_o black_a i_o mean_v as_o that_o be_v of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d which_o they_o call_v chemia_n and_o they_o liken_v it_o to_o the_o heart_n for_o hot_a and_o moist_a it_o be_v and_o incline_v to_o the_o left_a and_o south_n part_n of_o the_o earth_n like_v as_o the_o heart_n lie_v most_o to_o the_o left_a side_n of_o a_o man_n they_o affirm_v also_o that_o the_o sun_n and_o moon_n be_v not_o mount_v upon_o chariot_n but_o within_o bardge_n or_o boat_n continual_o do_v move_v and_o sail_v as_o it_o be_v round_o about_o the_o world_n give_v we_o thereby_o covert_o to_o understand_v that_o they_o be_v breed_v and_o nourish_v by_o moisture_n furthermore_o they_o think_v that_o homer_n like_a as_o thales_n also_o be_v teach_v out_o of_o the_o egyptian_n learning_n do_v hold_v and_o set_v down_o this_o position_n that_o water_n be_v the_o element_n and_o principle_n that_o engender_v all_o thing_n for_o they_o say_v that_o osiris_n be_v the_o ocean_n and_o isis_n tethys_n as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o nurse_n that_o suckle_v and_o feed_v the_o whole_a world_n for_o the_o greek_n call_v the_o ejaculation_n or_o cast_v forth_o of_o natural_a seed_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d like_v as_o the_o conjunction_n of_o male_a and_o female_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d likewise_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o in_o greek_a signify_v a_o son_n be_v derive_v of_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v water_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d betoken_v also_o to_o rain_n moreover_o bacchus_n they_o surname_n hyes_n as_o one_o will_v say_v the_o lord_n and_o ruler_n of_o the_o moist_a nature_n and_o he_o be_v no_o other_o than_o osiris_n furthermore_o whereas_o we_o pronounce_v his_o name_n osiris_n hellanicus_n put_v it_o down_o hysiris_n say_v that_o he_o hear_v the_o very_a priest_n themselves_o of_o egypt_n to_o pronounce_v it_o so_o and_o thus_o very_o call_v he_o the_o say_a god_n in_o every_o place_n not_o without_o good_a show_n of_o reason_n have_v regard_n unto_o his_o nature_n and_o invention_n but_o that_o osiris_n be_v the_o same_o god_n that_o bacchus_n who_o shall_v in_o all_o reason_n better_o know_v than_o yourself_o o_o clea_n consider_v that_o in_o the_o city_n of_o delphi_n you_o be_v the_o mistress_n and_o lady_n prioress_n as_o it_o be_v of_o the_o religious_a thyans_n and_o from_o your_o infancy_n have_v be_v a_o votary_n and_o nun_n consecrate_v by_o your_o father_n and_o mother_n to_o the_o service_n of_o osiris_n but_o if_o in_o regard_n of_o other_o we_o must_v allege_v restimony_n let_v we_o not_o meddle_v with_o their_o hide_a secret_n howbeit_o that_o which_o the_o priest_n do_v in_o public_a when_o the_o inter_fw-la apis_n have_v bring_v his_o corpse_n in_o a_o boat_n or_o punt_n differ_v not_o at_o all_o from_o the_o ceremony_n of_o bacchus_n for_o clad_z they_o be_v in_o stag_n skin_n they_o carry_v javelin_n in_o their_o hand_n they_o keep_v a_o loud_a cry_n and_o shake_v of_o their_o body_n very_o unquiet_o much_o after_o the_o manner_n of_o those_o who_o be_v transport_v with_o the_o fanatical_a and_o sacred_a fancy_n of_o bacchus_n and_o what_o reason_n else_o shall_v there_o be_v that_o many_o nation_n of_o greece_n portray_v the_o statue_n of_o bacchus_n with_o a_o bull_n head_n and_o the_o dame_n among_o the_o elian_o in_o their_o prayer_n and_o invocation_n do_v call_v unto_o he_o beseech_v this_o god_n to_o come_v unto_o they_o with_o his_o bull_n foot_n yea_o and_o the_o argive_n common_o surname_n bacchus_n bugenes_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o the_o son_n of_o a_o cow_n or_o engender_v by_o a_o bull_n and_o that_o which_o more_o be_v they_o invocate_v and_o call_v upon_o he_o out_o of_o the_o water_n with_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n cast_v into_o a_o deep_a gulf_n a_o lamb_n as_o to_o the_o portier_n under_o the_o name_n of_o pylaochos_n their_o trumpet_n they_o hide_v within_o their_o javelin_n call_v thyrsi_fw-la according_a as_o socrates_n have_v write_v in_o his_o book_n of_o sacred_a ceremony_n moreover_o the_o titanicall_a act_n and_o that_o whole_a entire_a and_o sacred_a night_n accord_n with_o that_o which_o be_v report_v as_o touch_v the_o dismember_n of_o osiris_n and_o the_o resurrection_n or_o renovation_n of_o his_o life_n in_o like_a manner_n those_o matter_n which_o concern_v his_o burial_n for_o the_o egyptian_n show_v in_o many_o place_n the_o sepulcher_n of_o osiris_n and_o the_o delphian_o think_v they_o have_v the_o bone_n and_o relic_n of_o bacchus_n among_o they_o 〈◊〉_d and_o bestow_v near_o unto_o the_o oracle_n and_o his_o religious_a priest_n celebrate_v unto_o he_o a_o secret_a sacrifice_n within_o the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n when_o the_o thyades_n who_o be_v the_o priestress_n begin_v to_o chant_v the_o sonnet_n bacchus_n licnites_n now_o that_o the_o greek_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o bacchus_n be_v the_o lord_n and_o governor_n not_o of_o wine_n liquor_n only_o but_o also_o of_o every_o other_o nature_n which_o be_v moist_a and_o liquid_a the_o testimony_n of_o pindarus_n be_v sufficient_a when_o he_o say_v thus_o bacchus_n take_v the_o charge_n of_o tree_n that_o grow_v do_v cause_v they_o for_o to_o bud_v and_o blow_v the_o verdure_n fresh_a and_o beauty_n pure_a of_o lovely_a fruit_n he_o do_v procure_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o those_o who_o serve_v and_o worship_n osiris_n be_v straight_o forbid_v and_o charge_v not_o to_o destroy_v any_o fruitful_a tree_n nor_o to_o stop_v the_o head_n of_o any_o fountain_n and_o not_o only_o the_o river_n nilus_n but_o all_o water_n and_o moisture_n whatsoever_o in_o general_a they_o call_v the_o effluence_n of_o osiris_n by_o reason_n whereof_o before_o their_o sacrifice_n they_o carry_v always_o in_o procession_n a_o pot_n or_o pitcher_n of_o water_n in_o honour_n of_o the_o say_a god_n they_o describe_v also_o a_o king_n and_o the_o southern_a or_o meridional_a climate_n of_o the_o world_n by_o a_o fig_n tree_n leaf_n which_o fig_n leaf_n signify_v the_o imbibition_n and_o motion_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o beside_o it_o seem_v natural_o to_o resemble_v the_o member_n of_o generation_n also_o when_o they_o solemnize_v the_o feast_n call_v pamylitia_n which_o as_o before_o have_v be_v say_v be_v institute_v in_o the_o honour_n of_o priapus_n they_o show_v and_o carry_v about_o in_o procession_n a_o image_n or_o statue_n the_o genital_a member_n whereof_o be_v thrice_o as_o big_a as_o the_o ordinary_a for_o this_o god_n of_o they_o be_v the_o begin_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o every_o such_o principle_n by_o generation_n multiply_v itself_o now_o we_o be_v wont_n moreover_o to_o say_v thrice_o for_o many_o time_n to_o wit_n a_o finite_a number_n for_o a_o infinite_a as_o when_o we_o use_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v thrice_o happy_a for_o most_o happy_a and_o three_o bond_n for_o infinite_a unless_o peradventure_o this_o ternary_a or_o threefold_a number_n be_v express_o and_o proper_o choose_v by_o our_o ancient_n for_o the_o nature_n of_o moisture_n be_v the_o principle_n that_o engender_v all_o thing_n from_o the_o beginning_n have_v engender_v these_o three_o element_n or_o primitive_a body_n earth_n aire_n and_o fire_n for_o that_o branch_n which_o be_v set_v unto_o the_o fable_n to_o wit_n that_o typhon_n fling_v the_o genital_a member_n of_o osiris_n into_o the_o river_n that_o isis_n can_v not_o find_v it_o but_o cause_v one_o to_o be_v make_v to_o resemble_v it_o and_o when_o she_o be_v provide_v thereof_o ordain_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v honour_v and_o carry_v in_o a_o solemnepompe_n tend_v to_o this_o for_o to_o teach_v we_o that_o the_o generative_a and_o productive_a virtue_n of_o god_n have_v moisture_n at_o the_o first_o