is to be revived by Frictions Vellications plucking of the Hair Ligatures Squeesing of the Fingers together and the like he must be presently Blooded if he has Strength but his Strength is not to be judged of by the present Circumstances but by such as he was in before the Disease invaded him You must first Bleed in the Arm and then in the Jugular Vein presently after give the following Vomit Take of the Blessed Wine one Ounce and an half of Carduus water one Ounce of Spirit of Juniper-berries two drops make a Vomit Inject two or three sharp Glisters in a day Take of the Carminative Decoction with Bay-berries and Juniper-berries ten Ounces of the Electuary of Bay-berries one Ounce of Vinum Benedictum three Ounces and of brown Sugar three Ounces of Chymical Oyl of Juniper ten drops mingle them make a Glister If the Glister be not rendred in due time provoke the Belly by a Suppository Take of Hiera picra half an Ounce of Sal Gemma one Dram of Hony a sufficient quantity make Suppositories The Spirit of Sal Armoniack must be held to the Nostrils and things of all kinds that cause Revulsion must be used not only Frictions and Ligatures but also Cupping-glasses set on the Back Shoulders Arms and Thighs But in an Apoplexy you must not apply Cupping-glasses to the Back or to the Hypochonders least the Muscles of the Breast and Belly should be contracted and so Respiration more hindred Cupping-glasses applied to the Head are counted very proper apply a Blistering Plaister with Euphorbium to the Neck Some according to the Custom of the Ancients hold a red-hot Frying-pan to the Head at such a distance as it may burn the Hair but not the Skin Take of the Waters of Rue Balm and Black-Cherries each three Ounces of Compound Peony water and of Compound Syrup of Peony each one Ounce and a half of Tincture of Castor one Dram of Spirit of Sal Armoniack half a Dram mingle them make a Julep give four or five Spoonfuls often In the general Cure of these Diseases you must take notice that in those which proceed from Blood Medicines that heat the least are to be used but Bleeding is to be used more freely and afterwards the Vein in the Forehead is to be opened and things that purge Choler are to be mixed with those that purge Flegm If the Brain be very much cooled the Sick after universal Evacuations may use Tablets made in the following manner Take of Amber-grease half a Scruple distilled Oyl of the Seeds of Anise Cinnamon and Nutmegs of each three drops Oyl of Cloves one drop of Sugar dissolved in Orange-flower water four Ounces make Tablets let him take a dram or two drams every Morning The following Powder is also commended and is much in use Take of white Ambar half an Ounce of the Powder called Diarhodon Abbatis two drams of the Roots of Peony one dram and an half make a Powder whereof give a dram in two Spoonfuls of Simple Peony water before the New Moon It is also proper to hold Nutmeg often in the Mouth and to chew it and Perfumes are to be held often to the Nostrils especially Apoplectick Balsam Spices are to be used with Meats and the following Digestive Powder after Meals Take of the Seeds of Coriander sweet Fennel Caraways each fifteen Grains of white Ambar one Dram of the yellow peel of Citrons and flowers of Rosemary each one Dram and an half of Nutmegs half a Dram of white Sugar three Ounces powder them grosly and give half a spoonful after Meals If from too great a quantity of Blood a sleepy Disease is feared the Patient must be sufficiently Blooded and the utmost endeavours must be used to make the Hemorrhoids flow than which nothing can be more advantageous Purging is to be ordered to prevent a Relapse Take of the Pill of Ambar and of the lesser Cochie each two Scruples of the best Castor six Grains of Oyl of Ambar a sufficient quantity mix them and make 12 Pills Take six for a Dose and the other six three days after Or Take of the Pill of Ambar one Scruple of Rosin of Jalap six Grains of Tartar vitriolated eight Grains spirit of Lavender eight drops of Elixir Proprietatis a sufficient quantity make 4 or 5 Pills to be taken in the Morning After Purging prescribe the following Medicines Take of the Conserves of the Flowers of Male peony and of Rosemary each one Ounce of the Bark of Citron Candied six Drams of the Species Diambra and Dianthos each one Dram of Castor powdred two Scruples of Compound Spirit of Lavender half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of the Syrups of Gilliflowers and Compound Peony Make an Electuary give the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening daily and let the Sick take four spoonfuls of the following Julep after it Take of the Waters of Black Cherries Rue Pennyroyal each three Ounces of Compound Peony Water and Langius's Epileptick Water each one Ounce of the Syrup of the Flowers of Male Peony one Ounce mingle them Or Take of the Powder e gutteta three Drams of Castor half a Dram of Syrup of the Flowers of Peony a sufficient quantity make forty Pills whereof let him take four every Night at Bed-time drinking upon them two spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of the Waters of the Flowers of Peony Black Cherries Rue Pennyroal each two Ounces of Compound Peony Water and of Compound Briony Water and Tincture of Castor each one Ounce of Syrup of Male Peony an Ounce and an half mingle them Take of Ambar one Ounce sprinkle the fourth part of it every Night at Bed-time upon the Head CHAP. VIII Catalepsis or Catoche THis Disease is very rare and very wonderful Galen mentions an Observation of one of his Scholars who upon hard Study was seized with a Catalepsis He lay says he like a piece of Wood extended rigid and inflexible his Eyes were always kept open but he could not speak When he recovered he told us he could hear us speak though not plainly he remembred what was done and saw all that were with him but he said he could not speak nor move a Limb And Fernelius mentions two Observations of this kind He says that a person studying very hard was seized with this Disease and that he was so stiff that sitting with his Pen in his Hand and looking earnestly upon his Book he was supposed to be hard at Study till being called and pull'd he was perceived to have no Sense nor Motion Another lay as it were Dead who neither saw nor heard nor felt when he was pricked He breathed well and whatever was put in his Mouth he readily swallowed Being taken out of his Bed he stood alone and being push'd he went forward and in what manner soever his Hand or Arm or Leg was Bent it stood fix'd so that he look'd like a Statue The like Observations are to be found in many other
Abdomen are violently moved and a Wheezing accompanies it But an Orthopnoea is the greatest Difficulty of Breathing wherein the Sick can only breath as the Word signifies sitting upright The Cure of an Asthma is twofold one in the Fit and the other out of it in the Fit a Glister being first given Bleeding must be used if Blood seem to abound in any Degree and the Sick must be placed upright in a free Air and Smoak or the Breath of the Standers by must not offend him and his Cloathes or any thing else that covers his Breast must be loosned After Bleeding or it being omitted if it be not thought proper a Phlegmagogue Purge must be given As to Vomits though some dislike them yet are they very proper in this Disease as is evident by Experience and frequently the Fit is taken off by this Remedy alone Sharp Glisters are often to be injected to make a Revulsion nevertheless their Quantity ought to be small Frictions in the inferior Parts are also to be used and many Cupping-glasses are to be applied to them and to the Neck afterwards the gross Humours must be moistned and attenuated and the Wind arising from them must be discussed to which Purpose the following Medicines must be given Take of Gum Ammoniack and Bdellium dissolved in Vinegar of Squills each one dram and an half of Castor and of the Flowers of Sulphur each half a dram of Millepedes prepared one dram of Salt of Ambar one scruple of Elixir Proprietatis half a dram with a sufficient quantity of Oxymel make small Pills Let him take four Morning and Evening drinking upon them three Spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Rue Black-Cherries Lime-flowers each two ounces of compound Peony and compound briony-Briony-waters and of Spirit of Castor each one ounce of Syrup of Staethas and Gilly-flowers each one ounce and an half mingle them and make a Julep Take of the Nerve Plaister half an ounce of Oyl of Amber four Drops of Balsam of Sulphur half a dram mingle them spread a Plaister upon Leather and apply it to the Breast Take of the Cephalick Plaister with Euphorbium a sufficient Quantity make Plaisters for the Soles of the Feet In the mean while things that expectorate the gross Matter must be used Take of the Pectoral Decoction a quart add to it of Spirit of Salt-armoniack half a dram of Oxymel of Squils half an ounce of Tincture of Castor one dram of Ground-ivy Water three ounces mingle them let him take six Spoonfuls every two Hours Or Take of the Seeds of Annise finely powdered and of Powder of Liquorish each three drams of the Flowers of Sulphur one dram and an half mingle them add two ounces and an half of the best Honey dissolved in three ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated make an Electuary add to it of Balsam of Sulphur fifteen drops of Oyl of Annise-seeds ten drops let him take one dram every third or fourth hour drinking upon it five Spoonfuls of the following Decoction Take of the Roots of Elecampane one dram and an half of the Leaves of Ground-ivy half an handful boil them in three pints of the Pectoral Decoction strained add three ounces of Canary-wine Syrup of Maiden-hair two ounces and an half mix them The Breast must be anointed with Oyntments and Liniments that soften and discuss Take of the Oyntment of the Flowers of Oranges and Pomatum each three drams of Oyl of Nutmegs by expression two drams of Oyl of the Berries of Juniper and Annise each half a dram mingle them make a Liniment wherewith anoint the whole Breast Morning and Evening Take of the Oyntment of Marsh-mallows one ounce and an half of Oyl of Annise-seeds thirty drops make an Oyntment If the Fit Continue apply a Blister to the Neck when the Fit is off the Fluxion of the Humour must be hindred and that which has already flowed upon the Lungs must be incided cleansed away and expectorated and to restrain the Force of the Fluxion a clear and pure Air must be chosen and Southerly and rainy Air must be avoided and the Air in the Night Sleeping and Watching must be moderate and the Humour must be purged off by the following Medicines Take of the bitter Decoction made with a triple quantity of Senna three ounces and an half Manna half a ounce mingle them make a Purging Potion Or Take of the Pilulae Ruffi one Dram of the Species Hiera half a dram of Salt of Wormwood half a scruple of Aloes Rosat and of Rhubarb powdered each one scruple of Elixir Proprietatis a sufficient quantity make Ten Pills of a dram let him take four at bed-time Of the Days he does not Purge let him take of the following Medicine Take of the Seeds of Annise finely powdered two drams with a sufficient quantity of Lucarellus's Balsam make Pills of each drams Six let him take three in the Morning and as many at four in the Afternoon drinking upon them four ounces of the bitter Decoction It is to be noted that Purging must be often used in this Disease and the Form of them must be varied least Nature should be too much accustomed to one and the same Remedy CHAP. LV. Of a Pleurisie THis Disease that is as frequent as any other comes at any time but especially about the Spring and Summer for at that Time the Blood being heated by the nearness of the Sun rushes violently into effervescences and inordinate Motions It chiefly seises those that are of a sanguine Temperament and often country People and those that are accustomed to much Labour It most commonly begins with a Shaking and Shivering and then Heat Drouth and Restlessness and other Symptoms of a Feaver follow after a few Hours though sometimes it is much longer before this Symptom comes the Patient is taken with a violent pricking Pain in one of his Sides about the Ribs which sometimes reaches towards the Shoulder-blades sometimes towards the Back-bone and sometimes towards the Breast he coughs frequently which occasions great Pain so that sometimes he holds his Breath to prevent coughing the Matter which is spit up at the beginning is little and thin and often sprinkled with Particles of Blood but in the Process of the Disease 't is more and more concocted and mixt with Blood the Feaver in the mean while keeps the same Pace and is helpt on by those Symptoms that proceed from it and the said Feaver with all its ill Train viz. The Cough the Spitting of Blood the Pain and the like is gradually lessened according to the Degree of the free Expectoration of the Morbisick Matter But the Matter occasioning this Disease does not always in the Process of it attain the Concoction that is due to Expectoration for it often happens that the Matter spit up is yet little and thin as at the beginning of the Disease and consequently the Feaver and other Symptoms do not at all remit till they have destroyed the Sick In the
Syrup of Violets let it be clarified with the white of an Egg and give it Purgatives are not always to be given nor ever unadvisedly in this Disease but Glisters are used frequently and most commonly daily they must be gentle and emollient such as easily move the Belly without any great Agitation of the Humours or Blood for this purpose Milk or Whey is often convenient with brown Sugar or Syrup of Violets Or Take of the Leaves of either Sort of Mallows of Melilot and Mercury each one handful of Linseed and sweet Fennel-seeds each half an ounce of sweet Prunes Number six boil them in a sufficient Quantity of Spring water to a Pint to which add Syrup of Violets one ounce Sugar ten drams Sal Prunella one dram make a Glister Medicines for the third Intention viz. for dissolving the Clamminess of the Blood are wont to be administred in the Form of a Powder of a Spirit or a Potion according to the Manner following 1. Powders Take of Crabs-eyes two drams of Sal prunella one dram and an half of pearled Sugar one dram make a Powder for six Doses one to be taken every Sixth Hour with a proper Julep or Apozem Or Take of the Tusk of a Boar of the Jaw of a Pike or of Crabs-eyes each one Dram and an half of the Flowers of Sal Armoniack of the Powder of red Poppy Flowers each half a dram mix them for four Doses 2. Spirits and Chymical Liquors Take of Spirit of Sal-armoniack distil'd with Olibanum three drams the dose is from fifteen drops to twenty thrice a day Or Take of the Spirit of Vrine or Soot after the same manner Take of the sweet Spirit of Nitre three drams the dose it from six drops to ten 3. Potions Take of carduus-Carduus-water one Pint fresh Horse-dung three ounces dissolve it warm and filter it the dose is three or four ounces twice or thrice a day add half an ounce of Syrup of Violets or of red Poppies Or Take of the Leaves of Dandelion two handfuls bruised and infused in half a Pint of the Water of Maries Thistle Treacle-water half an ounce press them out add Powder of Crabs-eyes one dram take four or six Spoonfuls thrice a day The fourth Intention of Healing in respect of the Symptoms greatly urging does suggest divers Sorts of Operations First in respect of the Feaver the Juleps and Apozems above prescribed are convenient Moreover the Use of Sal-prunella ought to be frequent Secondly for the Cough and difficulty of Breathing Lambatives and Decoctions or Pectoral Juleps are administred with Success Take of the Syrups of Jujubes and Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half of Syrup of Violets one ounce Flowers of Nitre one Scruple make a Linctus to be lick'd now and then Take of Syrup of Marsh-mallows one ounce of Diacodium and of Syrup of red-poppies each half an ounce Powder of Crabs-eyes two Scruples make a Linctus to be taken the same Way Take of the Syrups of Hyssop and Liquorish each one ounce and an half of the Powder of red-poppy Flowers one Scruple of Crabs-eyes one dram of the Lohoch of the Pine six drams make a Lohoch take the Quantity of a Nutmeg four times or oftner in a Day Take of the Roots of Grass Chervil Marsh-mallows each one ounce Figs Number four Jujubs and Sebastines of each Number six Raisins one ounce Liquorish three drams Barley half an ounce boil them in three Pints of spring-Spring-water to a Quart strain them the Dose is three or four ounces Take of Raisins stoned one ounce and an half Filberds number four of Liquorish sliced three drams of Hyssop Water one Pint and an half infuse them warm in a close Vessel six Hours strain them and add one ounce and an half of Syrup of Marsh-mallows make a Julep the dose is three or four Spoonfuls often in a day swallowing it by degrees Thirdly Against Watching Take of Red-poppy water three ounces of Syrup of the same six drams of epidemick-Epidemick-water two drams make a Draught to be taken at Bed-time If the Pulse be strong and the Strength remains Take of Cowslip Water three ounces of Diacodium half an ounce make a Draught to be taken at Bed-time Fourthly If the Pain be much about the Place affected Take of Oyntment of Marsh-mallows two ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce and an half mingle them make a Liniment to be applyed with thin Paper Fifthly For the last Intention of healing which assisting the Secundary Indication prescribes Medicines maturating and expectorating the following Forms are convenient Take of Linseed Oyl fresh drawn three ounces Syrup of Violets two ounces of Hissop water half a Pint mingle them in a Glass take two or three ounces twice or thrice a day shaking the Glass first Take of Olibanum powdered one dram put it into an Apple made hollow roast the Apple in the Embers let him eat it at Bed-time repeating it three or four times Take of Oyl of Almonds fresh drawn of Syrup of Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half Sugar-candy two drams stir them in a glass Mortar till they are perfectly mixed make a Linctus to be taken often in a day with a Liquorish Stick also let a Spoonful be taken thrice a day in a Draught of Posset drink It would be easie to produce many Observations of Peripneumonick Patients but seeing the Type of the Disease and the Reasons of the Symptoms are in all almost the same it will be sufficient to mention only one or two and while I was writing these Things I was sent for to a Patient very Sick of a Peripneumonia he was about fifty Years old lean and cholerick he fell into a Feaver by taking Cold he was troubled with a Cough a pain in the Breast and a Difficulty of Breathing when he had continued thus four days without any Remedy or Physical Administration I found him in a great Feaver with Thirst and a great Inflammation in the Breast breathing very difficultly and painfully and ratling insomuch that he seemed in the Agony of Death but because his Pulse was strong enough though quick and disturbed I presently ordered him to be blooded and that eight or ten ounces of Blood should be taken away and seeing he was little relieved after three Hours Intermission a Glister being first administred I ordered twelve ounces more of Blood to be taken away moreover I prescribed Spirit of Harts horn twelve drops of it to be given every sixth Hour with a proper Julep and between I ordered a Dose of the following powder to be administred Take Powder of Crabs-eyes and Sal-prunella each one dram and an half of Pearl one dram Sugar-candy two scruples make a Powder to be divided into eight Doses Moreover he took as often as he pleased a Draught of a pectoral Apozem by the use of these within three hours all the Symptoms began to abate and the Night after he sweated and slept a little the day after I repeated
it is fit to add Chalk Coral Dragons-blood and other temperating astringent and emplastick Medicines which in some manner fix and mitigate the Ferment of the Blood For Instance Take of the Waters of Tormentil Oak-buds each three ounces cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordiated four ounces of Aqua-mirahilis one ounce of Pearls and Coral prepared and of Chalk each two scruples of true Bole and Dragons-blood each half a dram of Japâ—n Earth a scruple of destilled Vinegar or Spirit of Vitriol as much as is sufficient to make it gratefully acid Syrup of Mirtles an ounce and an half Mingle them make a Julep let the Sick take two or three ounces of it every third or fourth hour shaking the Viol every time it is used The Cloaths on the Bed must be also lessened and the Sick must be removed into a thin warm and free Air let him always sleep in a large Room and as soon as his Strength begins to fail the Sweat must be rubbed off with dry Linnen Cloaths a little warmed and the Patient must be removed to the other Part of the Bed As to the violent Vomiting that seises Consumptive Persons at the latter end there is little Help to be afforded by Art only the Physician ought to assist by his prudent Counsels since he cannot by Medicines First therefore The Sick ought to be ordered to eat little though frequently at a time Secondly He must eat those things that afford good Nourishment and are of easie Digestion Thirdly After eating he must avoid as much as he can Coughing Sleeping and lying down Sometimes it happens after the Putrid Feaver begins especially if the Evacuation of the Colliquative Matter by Stool or by other ways is hindered by Art that Nature indeavours tho in vain the Protrusion of the Enemy by the Salivary Ducts or the glandulous Tunick of the Mouth and Oesophagus by which means a troublesome Spitting arises that continues for many Weeks Secondly by reason of the Acrimony of the Humour evacuated by these Parts an Inflammation not only of the Membrane of the Mouth but also of the Oesophagus and Stomach follows Thirdly By the Inflammation an Ulceration is occasioned and from thence little Ulcers called Aphthâ—â— accompanied with a very troublesom Pain of the Throat And Lastly An Hicop that is very troublesom arises from the Inflammation and Exulceration Which Symptoms as they are troublesome so are they sometimes long and always deadly for the Cause from whence they proceed is incurable yet cleansing softning astringent and Mucilaginous Gargarisms must be injected with a Syringe and to ease the Pain of the Throat a double Flannel worn about the Neck does much Good by defending it from the external Cold. CHAP. LX. Of Swooning or Fainting THe next and immediate Cause of this Disease is a Defect of the Vital Spirits and this Defect of the Spirits chiefly happens four ways Either because there is not a sufficient quantity of them generated or because they are dissipated and evacuated when they are generated or they are preternaturally altered and corrupted Or lastly They are suffocated and overwhelmed They are not generated either by reason of a Fault of the Faculty or of the Matter the Faculty of the generating the Spirits is hurt either by a Peculiar Disorder of the Heart or by Consent The peculiar Diseases of the Heart that are chiefly to to be taken Notice of are great Intemperies overturning the native Temper of it or destroying the Substance of the Parts and of the Native Heat as acute and malignant Feavers Colliquative Pestilential and Hectick Fevers also Organical Diseases as Constriction and too great Dilatation The Faculty of the Heart is hurt by Consent as from the Brain and Liver which have a great Sympathy with it and also often from the Mouth of the Stomach by reason of its nearness and Exquisite Sense upon which account Swooning is divided into Cardiack and Stomachick that is Cardiack which proceeds from the Heart being Primarily affected that is Stomachick which is produced by Consent of the Stomach It also often arises from the Womb by reason of ill Vapours transmitted thence to the Heart The Fault of the Matter is a Defect or Corruption of the Air and Blood from whence the Vital Spirits are generated A Defect of the Air happens from Respiration or Transpiration hurt A Defect of the Blood from a Fault in Nutrition The Corruption of both is occasioned by putting on another Quality so from the infected Air in a Pestilential Constitution Swooning and Fainting frequently happen and some ill Smells occasion the same and sweet Smells in some Women The Blood is also often corrupted by unwholesome Food Too large Evacuations dissipate the Spirits both sensible and insensible sensible Evacuatioins are first of Blood it self by the Mouth Nostrils Womb Belly Hemorrhoids Bleeding and great Wounds Secondly of other Humours which though they are Excrementitious yet being evacuated in a large quantity they dissipate the Spirits and occasion Fainting Such Humours are wâ—nt to be evacuated by Vomit Stool Urine Sweat by opening a large Abscess especially inwardly as of an Empyema and also outwardly as in a Dropsie the Navel being open Insensible Evacuations are made by too great a rarity of the Skin and by reason of Thinness or Acrimony of things contained by immoderate Heat Bathing and excessive Labour They are also dissipated by long Watching long Fastting immoderate Venery Anger or excessive Joy long and acute Sickness violent Pains of the Heart Stomach Bowels Veins Ears Teeth and of all the Nervous Parts The Spirits are altered and corrupted by an ill Disposition of the Bowels and by any thing that has a malignant and an inimical Quality to the Heart as a venomous and pestilential Air drawn in by the Breath or generated in the Body by Putrefaction of Humours Poison taken inwardly does the same and the Biting of Venomous Creatures Lastly A violent Reflux of the Spirits and Blood to the Heart and the like suffocates and overwhelms the Vital Spirits A noble Virgin which was very subject to fainting upon every small occasion died suddenly by reason of a sudden Reflux of the Blood and Spirits to the Heart as she was about to sign a Contract of Marriage with a very handsom and accomplished Gentleman Fainting also sometimes happens from cold and thick Blood heapt up in abundance in the greater Vessels As to the Cure it must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes but from whatever Cause it proceeds that which follows must be observed in the Fit You must lay them on their Back and sprinkle Water in their Faces and provoke Sneezing put some good Wine or Cinnamon-water into their Mouths apply Bread hot out of the Oven to their Nostrils call them aloud shake them pull them by the Nose double their Fingers pull their Hair use Frictions Ligatures and Cupping-glasses But the Cure must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes in the following manner If it takes its
distilled Water Tincture of Tartar of Steel or of Antimony may be also given by turns As to the Cure of the Trembling of the Heart Medicines proper for Convulsions must be given it being meerly Convulsive Wherefore having made sufficient Evacuation the follow Medicines may be given Take of prepared Coral and of Pearls each two drams of both the Bezoars each half a dram of white Ambar two scruples of Ambar-grease one scruple make a Powder The Dose is half a Dram twice or thrice in a day in some proper Julep or distilled Water Take of Compound Powder of Crabs-claws two drams of the Powder of the roots of Male-peony of Mans Skull prepared each one dram of the flowers of Male-peony and of Lillies of the Vallies each half a dram make a Powder to be taken the same way Take of Ivory and red Coral powdered each three drams of the Species Diambra one dram of white Sugar dissolved in a sufficient quantity of Orange-flower-water and boiled to Tablets seven ounces make Tablets each weighing half a dram Let him take one or two often in a day or when he pleases Take of the Conserve of the Flowers of Lillies of the Vallies six ounces of Coral prepared of Pearls Ivory and Crabs-eyes each one dram and an half of Vitriol of Mars one dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Coral make an Electuary The Dose is one or two drams twice a day drinking upon it a Draught of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Orange-flowers and of the whole Citron each six ounces of Orange-peels distilled with Wine two ounces of Sugar half an ounce make a Julep Take of Syrup of Steel six ounces The Dose is one Spoonful in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon in two ounces of the Julep above prescribed but you must omit the Sugar Take of the Powder of Ivory and of Coral each two drams and an half of the Species of Diambra one dram of Salt of Steel two drams of Sugar eight ounces of Ambar-grease dissolved half a scruple make Tablets each weighing half a dram The Dose is three or four drams twice a day Taâ—e of fresh Strawberries eight Pints of the outward Peel of twelve Oranges of the fresh Filings of Steel half a pound beat them together and pour upon them four quarts of Wine Let them ferment together in a close Vessel twenty four hours then distill them in a cold Still Take of Spirit of Harts-horn or of Blood or the like three drams The Dose is twenty drops twice a day in some proper Vehicle Take of the Flowers of Sal-armoniack and of Coral prepared each two drams The Dose is one scruple twice a day Take of Sal-prunella two drams of Salt of Ambar one dram of Salt of Harts-horn one Scruple The Dose is from fifteen to twenty grains twice a day in some proper Liquor Note Such of these Medicines as agree with the Constitution of the Patient are to be chosen CHAP. LXII Of Weakness THE Cause of Weakness is a Defect of Native Heat and of Spirits This Defect is occasioned by the Defect of Vital Spirits The Vital Spirits are wanting either when they are not generated in a sufficient quantity or because when they are generated they are dissipated corrupted or suffocated as it happens in Fainting But the difference betwixt Fainting and Weakness is That in Fainting the Causes produce their Effect of a sudden but in Weakness by degrees The Cure of this Disease respects the taking away the Cause and the cherishing the Heart and Vital Spirits The Causes are almost all great Diseases whereby Nature is much weakned therefore the taking off the Causes respects the Cure of almost all Diseases which must be sought for in their proper Chapters But the Strengthning the Heart and the Restoration of the Vital Spirits are to be treated of a part and sometimes to be preferred before the Cure of the Morbifick Causes when there is danger of Death But you must always take care that whilst you endeavour to refresh the Spirits you do not increase the Morbifick Causes and therefore in a hot Disease you must give temperate Cordials in a cold such as are hot And first With Meat you must mix Cordials as Confection of Alkermes or of Hyacinth in Broths also Mutton Broth the Fat and Skin being cut off is good also Gravy of Mutton is frequently used and the Gravy of the Heart is mightily commended The Italians make a Soop of Yolks of Eggs Wine Sugar and Cinnamon which is very restorative Jelly of Harts-horn is also very good Cordial Juleps may be also prepared in the following manner Take of the Waters of Bugloss Roses and the Flowers of Oranges each one ounce of Syrup of Apples and of Lemons each half an ounce Confection of Alkermes half a dram of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water two drams make a Julep To the Stomach may be applied Bags made of Spices and moistned with Wine the private parts may be fomented with Confection of Alkermes dissolved in Wine The Arteries of the Temples the Hands and Feet may be anointed with the same And Apoplectick Balsam may be often held to the Nostrils CHAP. LXIII Of Appetite depraved diminished and abolished THE Cause of an excessive Appetite is a sharp Juice abounding in the Body and especially brought from the Pancreas to the Intestine and sending thence Vapors that are sharper than usual to the Stomach This Acid is increased in the whole Body by sharp Meats and Drinks Cold and Serene Air immoderate Grief continued long violent Motion and long Watching The Appetite is diminished by Fat Choler and by Fat and Viscid Meat by Hot or Rainy Weather by too much Sleep Sloath and great Cares The Causes that diminish Appetite will wholly abolish it if they are extream Depraved Appetite is usual in the Green-sickness and in Women with Child and sometimes but rarely Men are troubled with it It most frequently happens before the Flux of the Courses or when they are suppressed In the Green-sickness they crave for Meats that are improper and unusual or they eat Chalk Ashes Coals Pitch Dirt Leather and many other things Appetite increased is to be cured with such things as temperate the acid Juice as Coral Pearls Crabs-eyes Filings of Steel and the like also Fat and Oily things and Volatile Spirits Take of Coral prepared and Pearls prepared each one scruple of white Chalk half a scruple of white Sugar three drams make a Powder to be divided into six Doses Take two Papers in a day three or four hours after eating in a Spoonful of strong Wine If a Liquid Medicine be more pleasing let him take a Spoonful of the following Mixture now and then Take of the Waters of Mint two ounces and of scurvy-grass-Scurvy-grass-water and of the Tincture of Cinnamon made by Infusion in rectified Spirit of Wine each half an ounce of Syrup of Wormwood one ounce mingle them Or Take of Oyl of Mace by Distillation and of the Oyl of Juniper-berries
each one scruple mingle them in a Glass Let the Sick take two or three drops of this Oyl in a Spoonful of Malago Sack or in any other generous Wine or in the foregoing mixture and let him eat fat Broths Appetite diminished or abolished must be cured by Medicines that evacuate and correct Flegmatick and Viscid Humours Acids and Spices correct them Coloquintida Turbith Hermodactiles evacuate them Take of mint-Mint-water two ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water half an ounce of Syrup of Fennel one ounce of Spirit of Salt a sufficient quantity to make it pleasantly Acid. Or Take of Tartar vitriolated half a dram of Cream of Tartar one dram of white Sugar-candy two drams mingle them make a Powder to be divided into three Doses Let him take one or two in a day in Rhenish-wine or in the preceding mixture and if he please instead of Spirit of Salt he may add half a dram of Elixir proprietatis to be taken by Spoonfuls They that dislike Acids may take the following mixture by Spoonfuls Take of the Waters of Mint and of Fennel each one ounce and an half of Aqua vitae Matthioli six drams of Oyl of Mace by Distillation three drops of Syrup of Mint one ounce They that had rather take a medicated Wine may use the following Take of the Roots of Elecampane and of Acorus each two drams of the leaves of Sage Marjoram Garden-rue each one handful of the Seeds of sweet Fennel two drams of Orange-peel dried one dram being cut and grossly bruised put them into a Bag and hang it in a Glass and pour on it twenty ounces of Whitewine after it has stood a night in a Cellar three four or five ounces may be taken in a Morning Fasting or at Dinner or Supper as every one pleases or as they find it agrees best with them And fresh Wine may be put on as long as the Aromatick Vertue remains in the Ingredients When Purging is necessary Take of the greater Faetid Pills half a dram of Coche one scruple Extractum Catholicon ten grains Oyl of Cloves two drops mix them make fifteen Pills gild them or cover them with Powder of Liquorish or Cinnamon Let the Sick take five of these Pills or more if he be hard to Purge But if you design to add Chymical Medicines in form of Pills you may prescribe in the following manner Take of Gum-ammoniacum or Opoponax or the like cleansed by Vinegar and afterwards thickned half a dram of the Troches Alhandal Mercurius dulcis each one scruple mix them make fifteen Pills and gild them Let the Sick take five or more of them But if the form of an Apozem seem more convenient for the Sick he having no great Aversion to bitter things the following is convenient Take of Liquorish rasped half an ounce of the Roots of Smalage one ounce of the Shavings of Guajacum three ounces of Laurel-berries and Seeds of Annise each two drams of the Pulp of Coloquintida half a dram boil them in a sufficient quantity of rain-Rain-water in thirty ounces of the strained Decoction dissolve of Syrup of Roses solutive with Senna of Diacnicum each one ounce and an half of the Salt of Tartar vitriolated two Scruples Tincture of Cinnamon one ounce mix them Let the Sick take three four or five ounces of this Decoction once or twice a day by which the Flegmatick and viscid Humours are both corrected and evacuated per Epicrasin In the mean time let the Sick abstain from fat and viscid Meats Let him use a clear Air that is hot and dry Let Sleeping be diminished if it be too long Let the Mind be chearful Let the Motion and Exercise of the Body be moderate Evacuation by Stool and Urine daily ought to be proportionable to what is taken in by the Mouth if it can be conveniently Appetite diminished by fat Choler is presently cured by correcting of it if it abound too much it must be evacuated either by Stool or Vomit For correcting of this Choler there is nothing more effectual than Elixir Proprietatis given in Wine or any other convenient Mixture five or six drops at a time especially before Eating Those who do not love Acids may take in place of it sweet Spirit of Salt prepared with rectified Spirit of Wine by several Cohobations The same Choler is corrected by Wormwood and Wormwood-wine in the place of which also other Aromatick Plants may be likewise infused in Wine which may be drank in a small Quantity at Dinner and Supper Such Plants are Mountain-calamint Marjoram Rosemary Garden-rue Hyssop Thym Sage and the like Choler is very conveniently evacuated by Vomit by several Medicines prepared of Antimony as Crocus Metallorum Glass of Antimony and the Sapa Vomitoria that is made of it Oxysarcharum or Oxymel Vomitorium Mercurius Vitae or the like Rhubarb Scammony Tamarinds and the like evacuate Choler by Stool Scammony may be prepared presently and well if a convenient Dose of it twelve or fifteen Grains more or less according to the Age and Constitution of the Sick be powdered in a Mortar and a little Baulm-water Succory-water or the like be poured upon it and rubbed with it till it becomes of a milky Colour pour it off and put more Water on that all the Vertue of the Scammony may be extracted leaving the black Faeces at the Bottom then add to the Liquor of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water or fennel-Fennel-water or some other aromatick-Aromatick-water two drams of Syrup of Roses solutive or the like two or three drams and so you will have a very pleasant Purging Draught and that it may work the easier a Scruple or half a dram of Cream of Tartar may be drank in Broth half an Hour after taking the Purging Draught Pleasant Tablets may be also made of Scammony in the following manner Take of Christals of Tartar one ounce and an half of Diagridium three drams of Oyl of Cinnamon six drops of white Sugar dissolved in rose-Rose-water eight ounces mingle them make Tablets These Tablets may be conveniently prescribed for Infants Children and delicate People the highest Dose of them is from three drams to half an ounce an Infant must take but half a dram or a dram a Youth may take two drams They who are afraid to use Scammony or Medicines made of Scammony though it be a kind safe and powerful Medicine may use Rhubarb in the following manner Take of choice Rhubarb rasped two drams of the best crude Tartar half a dram of succory-Succory-water a sufficient quantity infuse them all Night over ashes or in a Bath to the Liquor strained gently add of Syrup of Roses solutive or of Succory with Rhubarb half an ounce of Cinnamon water two drams and to take off the nauseous Smell of the Rhubarb and to expel Wind add of Oyl of Annise-seeds two or three drops make a Draught To evacuate the over abounding Choler those that had rather use an Electuary may take of the following Take of the Pulp of sharp and sweetish Prunes ten
ounces of Cream of Tartar and the best Scammony each two ounces of choice Rhubarb ten drams of sharp Cinnamon half an ounce of Yellow Sanders two drams of clarified Sugar a Pound mingle them make an Electuary The Dose is from three drams to half an ounce It may also be dissolved in some convenient Water and so you may make a Potion of it The Cure of a depraved Appetite depends on the Purification of the Blood and Humours But Volatile Salts are more successful in this case than any other Medicines a few grains of them being taken twice or thrice in a day in Wine or some other Liquor especially at Dinner or Supper and to evacuate the vicious Humours Purging and Vomiting must be used CHAP. LXIV Of Nauseousness Belching and Vomiting IN perfect Health nothing is wont to be evacuated upwards by the Mouth wherefore whatever comes this way signifies Sickness whether it be Meat Wind or a thick or thin Liquor When Wind comes forth with a Noise it is called Belching when the Meat is ejected it is called Vomiting Nauseousness always precedes Vomiting and sometimes Belching Wind by reason of the Clamminess of its Nature sticks to the Stomach and is difficultly excluded and is often accompanied with an Inflation of the Stomach Belching arises from windy Meats or from other flatulent things taken inwardly as Chesnuts Pease Beans Turneps Redishes and the like or from Flegmatick and viscid Humours sticking to the Stomach and rarified to Wind by taking Aromaticks That the material cause of Wind is a Flegmatick and clammy Humour is evident from the Antecedent Causes as from Meats of a like kind viz. Milk Fish especially Sea-Fish and the Feet of Animals and Gellies and from the Cure which is wholly performed by evacuating and correcting Flegmatick Humours As in Belching only Wind is evacuated so in Vomiting either Meat crude or more or less fermented or various sorts of Humours as Watery serous flegmatick and cholerick and the like thin thick white yellow green Sky coloured or black Humours or the like insipid bitter acid rough sweet stinking or Humours without Taste and sometimes bloody Matter or Excrements All Vomiting is occasioned by the Stomach being Primarily or Secondarily affected The Stomach is Primarily affected when the Cause of Vomiting or of the Peristaltick Motion inverted is in it self It is Secondarily affected by consent from other Parts and it is provoked to the Inversion of its Peristaltick Motion in Part or altogether by the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts which is sometimes occasioned by the violent Agitation of the Diaphragma and of the Muscles of the Belly by a violent Cough The Stomach is primarily disposed to vomit first when it is inflamed excoriated or ulcerated then it is easily excited to any violent Contraction of it self from any sort of Nourishment taken Secondly When the Nourishment by its Quantity and chiefly by its Quality is troublesome to the Stomach Thirdly when sharp Humours from he Head fall upon the Sâ—omach and corrode the lower Orifice and so occasion Vomiting From the total Inversion of the Peristaltick Motion of the Guts Vomiting is occasioned as in the Iliack Passion whereby Glisters are often vomited up From the same Motion inverted in Part Vomiting is occasioned frequently as in the Cholera Morbus and from any other Motion upwards of Humours fermenting in the small Guts and by Reason of the Passage of the Excrements stopped In a violent Cough the Diaphragm being shaken violently Vomiting is occasioned which we think to be caused by a conjunct Compression of all the Bowels contained in the Abdomen made towards the Breast which mightily troubles the Stomach and forces it to the Inversion of the natural Motion Vomiting oecasioned by things taken in at the Mouth is quieted of its own accord so soon as they are vomited up or upon use of a few Aromaticks and Opiats it is stopped and cured For Instance Take of mint-Mint-water two ounces Tincture of Cinnamon two drams London Landanum two grains Syrup of Minâ— half an ounce mingle them let the Sick take a spoonful of this Mixture by short Intervals and the Vomiting will presently cease Sharp Humours flowing from the Head upon the Stomach are to be evacuated by proper Purges mentioned before or corrected by Medicines that alter and temperate the Noxious Acrimony Vomiting of Blood occasioned by the Rupture or Erosion of the Vessels of the Stomach and Intestins is cured by conglutinating them by the following Mixture which is also useful in other Excresions of the Blood Take of plantain-Plantain-water two ounces of Cinnamon two drams distilled Vinegar half an ounce of red Coral prepared half a dram of Dragons-blood ten grains of London Laudanum two grains of Syrup of Mirtles one ounce mingle them A Spoonful of this Mixture being taken often cures most Ruptures of the Vessels and will â—top Fluxes of Blood in a short time beyond Expectation But Blood collected in the Stomach the Flux and the Vomiting of it being stopt will be carried off of its own Accord by Stool but if there is danger of the Blood 's coagulating to the foregoing Mixture may be added half a dram of Crabs-eyes and one scruple of Diaphoretick Antimony Vomiting of Matter chiefly following an Inflammation of the Pancreas or of some neighbouring Part or some notable Ulcer must be cured by curing the Primary Distemper In the mean time you may use the above described Mixture with Crabs-eyes and Antimonium Diaphoreticum It will be also proper to give a drop of Balsam of Sulphur annisated in all the Liquor he takes The belching and generation of Wind will be cured by First avoiding Flegmatick and Windy Meats Secondly By inciding and evacuating clammy Flegm Thirdly By attemperating the Choler if it be acrid Fourthly By discussing the Wind that is already made Acids and Aromaticks and volatile Salts incide clammy Flegm and Flegmagoges purge it off Spirit of Nitre attemperates Choler when it is acrid better than any thing else two or three drops of it being taken in common Beer or in some convenient Mixture Most Spices discuss Wind so do the Oyls of them but especially the Seeds Flowers and Barks but Spirit of Niter is better than all for it corrects Choler and Flegm and hinders the Generation of Wind and discusses that which is generated The following Mixture is also good to expel Wind from the Stomach and Bowels Take of the Waters of Mint and Fennel each two ounces of Spirit of Wine rectified one ounce of the sweet Spirit of Niter twenty drops of London Laudanum three grains of Oyl of Mace by Distillation six drops of Syrup of Mint one ounce and an half mingle them This Mixture must be taken by Spoonfuls often or seldom according to the degree of Pain and Quantity of Wind. Silvius's Carminative Spirit is made in the following manner Take of the Roots of Angelica one dram of Master-wort and Galingal each one dram and an half of the Flowers of Rosemary
Sick cannot take a Vomit he must be purged by stool but the Humour must be first prepared by things that incide and cleanse Afterwards these things that follow are convenient Cupping-glasses must be applied opposite to the Region of the Stomach and to the Stomach The Stomach must be bound with a Swath-band that it may not be so much dilated Ligatures of the Extremities must be used Let him eat Anniseeds which is thought to Cure the Hickops peculiarly Frequently Glisters must be injected to draw away the Noxious Humours from the Stomach Young Animals must be applied to the Stomach Vinegar of Squills may be taken by Spoonfuls Sneezing casts off the Matter impacted in the Coats of the Stomach As the Physician Chrysimacus cured Aristophanes of a Hickop by provoking Sneezing when he could not do it by stopping of the Spirits and Gargling with cold Water Pills made of one dram of Aloes and three grains of London Laudanum are good Platerus in his Observations says That he cured a Boy of ten Years of Age that had the Hickops for eight Days and Nights continually with the Water of green Nuts distilled with Radishes infused first in Vinegar which he gave him to provoke Vomiting and though he did not Vomit at all yet he was cured But to conclude Narcoticks wiil do the Business when nothing else will CHAP. LXVI Of Vomiting of Blood THe conjunct cause is the Quantity or Quality of the Blood exceeding The external causes are Wounds and Bruises and violent Heat or immoderate Cold or unaccustomed Labour and Excercise or Hollowing If the Blood flow from the Stomach there will be almost always a continual Pain and Weight there and the quantity of it will not be much because the Veins of the Stomach are small and Nauseousness will accompany it and 〈◊〉 Blood will be mixed sometimes with Meat sometimes with Choler and sometimes with Flegm If it flow from the Head there will be a Tickling perceived about the Jaws and Pallate and Blood will flow sometimes from the Nostrils mixed with Snot and a Pain or Heaviness of the Head precedes If Vomiting of Blood proceeds from a Suppression of the Courses it will be Periodical As to the Prognostick Vomiting of Blood from what Cause soever it arises is dangerous for if too great a quantity be evacuated there is Danger of Death if it coagulate in the Stomach and corrupt there it occasions Fainting But a Vomiting of Blood from Suppression of Courses is least dangerous They which fall into a Dropsie by Vomiting of Blood die It must be cured by Medicines that cause a Revulsion of the Blood from the Stomach and by such as attemperate it and stop the Apertion of the Veins And First Because an orderly Diet is of great use in this Case the common Diet ought to be astringent and Emplastick and also cooling as Barley Broths Almond and Rice Diet Water-gruel and Jellies and especially Starch boiled in Milk whereunto may be added Pomegranate Juice or a little Rose-vinegar hard Eggs may be also used dipt in Vinegar Also Bread dipt in Water Chicken Broth with Wood-sorrel Purslain and Plantane boiled in it but at the beginning of eating some Astringent thing should be taken as a Quince baked under Ashes Medlars or the like Let the Sick abstain from all acrid salt peppered and fried Meats and also from such things as yield a great deal of Nourishment unless the Weakness of the Sick requires that they should be taken sparingly He must drink but little and when he does he must drink Water wherein Iron has been quenched with a little Juice of Pomegranates in it The Air must be somewhat Cold but he must not expose himself to the Winds nor to the Rays of the Sun or Moon He must sleep moderately and his Body must be kept open and his Mind free from Passion Bleeding must be used sparingly and it must be repeated Frictions and Ligatures must be used and cleansing Glisters must be injected Apply Cupping-glasses to the Buttocks Legs Loins and Hypochondres Let two Spoonfuls of Oxycrat be given if there be a Suspicion of coagulated Blood for by the use of it it may be easily dissolved and driven from the Veins of the Stomach and they will be stopt thereby foment the Region of the Stomach also with it cold and if the Sick does not Vomit the following Mixture may be used to stop the Veins Take the White of one Egg of rose-Rose-water and Vinegar each one dram and an half shake them well and add to them two drams of Starch mix them and let the Sick take it by Spoonfuls Or Take of prepared Coral sealed Earth Bole-armonick Blood-stone Troches of Ambar each one dram of plantane-Plantane-water and Syrup of Mirtles each two ounces mingle them let the Sick take it as before Or Let the Sick take Morning and Evening four ounces of the Juice of Plantane cold Galen says That nothing is better than this Juice to stop any Flux of Blood The Juice of Purslain and Knot-grass is also good for the same Purpose Take of the Waters of Plantane and Purslain each one ounce and an half of Syrup of Mirtles half an ounce of Syrup of Poppies one ounce mingle them make a Julep to be repeated often Take of old conserve of Roses and of Comfrey-roots each one ounce of Marmalad of Quinces half an ounce one Mirobalan candied Troches of Ambar and of Lemnian Earth each two drams of Coral prepared and of Saffron of Mars each one dram with Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiat to be used frequently Troches of Ambar do not only bind but also dissolve concreted Blood and therefore are frequently to be used Tincture of Coral made with Juice of Lemons is also very good But when the Blood is evacuated violently and cannot be stopt by the forementioned Medicines Narcoticks must be taken inwardly and injected by Glisters and the Region of the Stomach must be anointed with Oyl of Roses and of Mirtles washed in Vinegar and after you have anointed it sprinkle on Powder of Coral Bole-armonick and sealed Earth or anoint the Stomach with the following Ointment Take of the Juices of Plantane and Knot-grass each one ounce and an half Rose-vinegar one ounce of Omphacin Oyl six ounces boil them to the Consumption of the Juices then add of Dragons-blood Mastich Pomegranate peels and Mirtles each two drams of Camphor one scruple with a sufficient quantity of red Wax make an Ointment Let him drink Water wherein hot Iron hath been quenched with Syrup of Quinces and Spirit of Vitriol in it and let his Broths be made of the same Water Let his Loins and Hypochondres be fomented with a Decoction made of Plantane and Purslain in Oxycrat and let it be used when it is almost cold and let him put his Hands into cold Water Afterwards let the foresaid Parts be anointed with Galen's cooling Ointment washed in Vinegar Bleeding being sufficiently used gentle and frequent Purging must be ordered
after if the loosness continues CHAP. LXXVI Of the Bloody Flux SOmetimes it begins with shaking and shivering and Heat of the whole Body follows as is usual in Feavers and soon after the Gripes and Stools but oftentimes there is no Appearance of a Feaver going before for the Gripes begin and Stools soon follows but there are always great Gripes and a Depression of the Bowels with Pain when the Patient goes to Stool the Stools are frequent with a very troublesome Descent as it were of the Guts and they are all mucous not excrementitious excepting that sometimes an excrementitious Stool comes between and that is without any great Pain these mucous Stools are streaked with Blood yet sometimes there is no Blood at all mixt with them through the whole course of the Disease yet notwithstanding if the Stools are frequent with Gripes and a mucous Filth the Disease may be as properly called a Dysentery as if Blood flow'd with them Moreover The Sick if he be in the Flower of his Age or is heated by Cordials has a Feaver and his Tongue is covered thick with a kind of whitish Matter and if he has been much heated 't is black and dry the Strength is much dejected the Spirits are dissipated and all the Signs of an ill favoured Feaver are present And this Disease does not only occasion dreadful Pains and Sickness but unless it be skilfully managed it brings the Patient into great Danger of his Life for when a great many of the Spirits and a great deal of the vital Heat have been exhausted by frequent Stools before the peccant Matter can be cast out of the Blood his Hands and Feet growing cold he will be in danger of dying and if he should escape Death this time yet many Symptoms of a different kind attend the Poor Wretch For Instance Sometimes in the Progress of the Disease instead of those Sanguineous Filaments which at the beginning us'd to be mixed with the Stools pure Blood is evacuated unmingled with Slime and in a larger quantity at every Time which is an Argument that some of the greater Vessels of the Intestines are corroded and so the Patient is in danger of Death And sometimes also by reason of the great Burning which is occasioned by a large Flux of hot and sharp Matter to the Parts affected the Intestines are gangren'd Moreover a Thrush at the end of the Disease does very often affect the Mouth and Jaws especially when the Body has been a long Time heated and when the Evacuation of the peccant Matter has been hindred by astringent Medicines the Fomes of the Disease having not been first purged off and this is most commonly the forerunner of Death but if the Patient get over the foresaid Symptoms and the Disease continues long at length the Intestines seem to be affected successively downwards till the Disease be thrust down into the right Gut and ends in a Tenesmus But tho this Disease is very often deadly in grown People but especially to ancient People yet 't is very gentle in Children who sometimes have it some Months without any Injury if it be left to Nature As to the Cure When I was first called I bled in the Arm and at Night I gave an Anodyne and the next Morning the following lenitive Purge Take of Tamarinds half an ounce of the Leaves of Senna two drams of Rubarb one dram and an half boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water in three ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve of Manna and of Syrup of Roses solutive each an ounce to be taken early in the Morning And because 't is very obvious that purging Medicines tho they be never so gentle do heighten the Gripes and cause a general Disorder and Depression of the Spirits by the Adventitious Tumult they raise in the Blood and Humours therefore I usually give an Anodyne after every Purge somewhat earlier than is customary viz. At any time of the Afternoon if the Purge seem to have done working whereby I may be able to quiet the Tumult I have raised I repeat the foresaid Purge twice to be taken every other Day and give an Anodyne after every Purge at the Time above mentioned and I order this to be us'd Morning and Evening when the Patient don't Purge that I may quell the violence of the Symptoms and gain a Truce while I am evacuating the peccant Humours The Anodyne I use is chiefly Liquid Laudanum viz. Sixteen or eighteen Drops of it in any Cordial-water for one Dose After Bleeding and Purging once used I allow through the whole course of the Disease any temperate Cordial to be taken now and then as Epidemick-water compound Scordium-water and the like For Instance Take of the Waters of Black-cherries and Strawberries each four ounces of epidemick-Epidemick-water and compound Scordium water and of Cinnamon-water hordeated each one ounce of prepared Pearls one dram and an half of Christaline Sugar a sufficient quantity add half a dram of damask-rose-Damask-rose-water to make it pleasant to the Taste mingle them and make a Julep of which let him take four or five spoonfuls when he is faint and any other time when he will I chiefly used these things in ancient and Flegmatick People that I might somewhat refresh and comfort their Spirits usually dejected in this Disease their Drink was Milk mixt with three times the quantity of Water or the white Decoction of Harts-horn and of white-bread each two ounces boyled in three Pints of fountain-Fountain-water to two and sweetned with a sufficient quantity of white Sugar and sometimes Posset-drink and when they were very weak they took for their ordinary drink cold a quart of Fountain-water boiled with half a Pint of Sack they were dieted sometimes with Panada and sometimes with Broths made of lean Mutton I kept ancient People much in Bed and permitted them to use more freely any Cordial-water they had been accustomed to than was fit for Young People and Infants This Method was the best I have hitherto met with for the Cure of this Disease which seldom lasted after the third Purge But if the Disease was obstinate and did not yield to these things I prescribed the foresaid Paregorick every day in the Morning and at bed-time till the Patient was quite well yea that it might be the more certainly quelled I gave the foresaid Laudanum every eighth Hour and a larger Dose than I have mentioned above viz. twenty five drops if the former Dose was not sufficient to suppress the Flux Moreover I ordered a Glyster made of half a a pint of Cows-milk and of an ounce and an half of Venice-treacle to be injected daily which is exceeding beneficial in all manner of Fluxes of the Belly Infants seized with this Disease are to be treated after the same manner but the quantity of Blood to be taken away and the Doses of the Purging and Anodyne Medicines are to be lessened with respect to their Age so for example two drops of
ounce of Sugar is very good Sal-prunella or the Spirit of Salt may be mixed with it If Suppression of Urine occasioned by a phlegmatick Matter often recur nothing is better than the bath-Bath-waters which easily dissolve and cleanse away the Mucilaginous Matter A certain Nobleman that was afflicted with a Suppression of Urine for many Days after other Medicines used to no Purpose was freed by injecting the following Glyster which he retained two Hours Take of the Roots of Smallage and Parsly Knee holm Asparagous Mallows each two drams of Pellitory two handfuls of the Seeds of Annise Fennel Daucus Bishop-weed bastard Saffron Rue Cummiâ— and Juniper-berries each half an ounce of the Flowers of Camomil Mellilot Dill and Stoechas each two Pugils boil them in Whitewine till half is consumed in one Pint of the strained Liquor dissolve four ounces of fresh Butter of Honey of Roses two ounces of red Sugar one ounce of Benedictum Laxativum half an ounce of the Yolk of one Egg of Oyls of Nuts Dill or Linseeds one ounce make a Glister In the whole Course of the Cure Fomentations Liniments Cataplasms Baths and the like must be used among other things a Cataplasm of Pellitory fried with Butter or rather with Oyl of Scorpions is good also a Bladder half full of Oyl wherein Cantharides have been boyled A Cataplasm made of Onyons fried in Lard and with some Oyl is commonly applied to the Region of the Pubis and Loins When an Ischury proceeds from clotted Blood Troches of Ambar Mumny simple Oxymel Oxymel of Squills Syrup of Sorrel and the like must be used and Cow-dung outwardly applied does Wonders Lastly when the Suppressions proceeds from Pus things that cleanse and incide must be used such chiefly as were proposed for an Ulcer of the Reins and Bladder CHAP. XCIV Of a Dysury or Heat of Vrine THe next and immediate Cause of rendring Urine with Pain is a Solution of the Continuum in the Sphincter Muscle or Channel of the Bladder and therefore whatsoever causes Solution of the Continuum in those Parts occasions also a Dysury or Heat of Urine Among these Causes the chief and most frequent is an Acrimony of the Urine sometimes simple without the Mixture of other Humours which a hot Intemperies of the Bowels or of the whole Body or the use of acrid and hot Meats occasions it But it is most commonly from a Mixture of acrid Humours sometimes Matter flowing from the Reins or Bladder ulcerated occasion such an Acrimony in the Urine and sometimes a white and Milky Matter that is emitted plentifully with the Urine occasions the Heat of it also a Stone in the Bladder or Gravel produces the same Lastly An Inflammation as in a Gonorrhea as long as the Prostratae are Inflamed the Heat of Urine continues The Signs of the Causes may be thus distinguished If it proceeds from an Acrimony the Urine is thin and high coloured or there will be a Mixture of Purulent Matter and an Intemperies of the Bowels went before or hot and acrid Aliments the Heat of the Air or the like heating causes preceded Lastly Stones and Inflammations of these parts may be known by their proper Signs As to the Prognostick This Disease is not of it self dangerous but is very troublesome to the Patient and is sometimes difficultly cured especially in old Men who if they are decrepid have it as long as they live and if it continue long in any Age it ulcerates the Neck of the Bladder The Cure is first to be directed to the taking off the Cause and therefore if it arise from the Stone an Inflammation or from an Ulcer of the Bladder or the Neck of it the Cure must be taken from the Chapters of these Diseases but those things which are mentioned below may much abate the Symptom But that which proceeds from an Acrimony of Urine and from hot Humours mixed with it must be cured with the following Remedies And first To qualifie the Intemperies of the Parts frequent Bleeding is necessary and it must be often repeated if there be a great quantity of Blood or danger of an Inflammation Purges are also convenient in this Disease but they must be lenitive and cooling for otherwise they mightily exasperate the Heat of Urine wherefore some do not dare to give any thing besides a simple Bolus of Cassia and this is certainly to be preferred before all other things Yet it may be made more cooling if Tamarinds are added to it or a Decoction of Lettice Purslain and the Tops of Mallows with Cassia may be taken for many Days that the acrid Humours flowing to the Urinary parts may be by degrees turned upon the Bowels but yet if a large quantity of ill Humours requires more Purging we may use the following Potion Take of the Leaves of Lettice Purslain Plantane and the Tops of Mallows each half an ounce of Tamarinds half a dram of yellow Mirobalans one dram boil them to six ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Cassia fresh drawn strain them again and afterwards add the Infusion of one dram and an half of Rubarb in Lettice water with yellow Sanders of Manna and of Syrup of Roses each one ounce make a Potion Vomiting also with gentle Remedies is excellent for it makes Revulsion from the Part affected and does not occasion those Disorders that Purging does and therefore such as can bear Vomiting well may take a gentle Vomit once or twice a Week Glisters also frequently injected do good Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the Leaves of Mallows Violets and Lettice each one handful of the flowers of Water-lillies and of Barley cleansed each one Pugil boil them to a Pint in the strained Liquor dissolve an ounce of Cassia newly extracted one whole Egg and two ounces of Oyl of Violets make a Glister The Mucilages of the Seeds of Marsh mallows Quinces Fenugreek may be mixed with Glisters to ease the Pain But to qualifie the Heat and to ease the Pain Glisters of Milk by it self or mixed with the foregoing things are usually so effectual that I have known some eased of long Pains with this Remedy only and by the Bath which shall be mentioned by and by But many things may be given inwardly to asswage the Pain and to correct the Intemperies of the Parts affected Take of the Waters of Purslain Lettice and Water-lillies each one ounce of the Syrup of Violets and of Water-lillies each six drams Sal-prunella one dram mingle them make a Julep to be repeated often Emulsions may be also used though they are diuretick because they cool and gently cleanse the Urinary Passages Take of the four greater cold Seeds and of White Poppies each three drams of Sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold water half an ounce bruise them in a Marble Mortar and pour upon them gently a pint and an half of the Decoction of Barly of Liquorish and the Tops of Mallows make an Emulsion for
things to draw downwards they bring the Blood also to the Fundament and if you use astringent things to it they by reason of the Nearness of the Parts repel what should be brought to the Womb so that the only Way of Cure is to apply such things to the Womb as may allure the Blood thither after you have used such things as draw the Blood downwards But the most frequent Obstruction of all is that which proceeds from an Obstruction of the Veins of the Womb the Cure whereof is in a manner the same with that of the Green Sickness But the Eruption of them must be helpt by opening a Vein in the Foot about the time they used to flow when the Patient was well as also by Cupping-glasses applied to the Hips and Legs instead of Bleeding with or without Scarification by Frictions of those Parts and by painful Ligatures Take of the Roots of round Birthwort half a dram of the leaves of dried Savin one dram and an half of Dittany of Crete and of Troches of Mirrh without Assa-Faetida each one dram of choice Cinnamon two drams of white Sugar two ounces make a Powder whereof let her take two drams every Morning for some days with the Broth of red Vetches wherein two drams of Cinnamon and half a dram of Saffron have been boiled Take of Roots of Briony of Lillies Cyperus Valerian Angelica Asarabacca Orris and Parsley each one ounce of the Leaves of Mugwort Bays Rue Savin Thym Rosemary Penny-royal Nep Mallows Mercury each one handful of the Flowers of Elder of Wall-flowers and of Camomil each two Pugils of the grains of Juniper two ounces boil them in Water and Whitewine with the strained Liquor foment the Belly and Thighs with a Spunge With the same Decoction the quantity being increased a Bath may be made wherein the Sick may sit up to the Navel and the boiled Herbs being put in a Bag may be applied to her Belly but you must take care that she does not sweat for that rather stops the Courses Take of the Leaves of Mercury bruised one handful of the Powder of Hiera Picra and of Benedictum Laxativum each two drams of the Powder of long Birthwort one dram with a sufficient quantity of Honey or the Juice of Mercury make a Pessary Injections are also wont to be made for the Womb which are called uterine Glisters for they cleanse it from Filth sticking to the Sides and they open the inner Orifices of the Vessels They may be prepared with a Decoction for the Fomentation above described the acrid things being left out or of fat Figs with Mugwort Penny-royal Mercury or only of the Juice of Mercury clarified wherein a little Benedictum Laxativum has been dissolved for you must not use acrid things lest they should occasion an Inflammation And after the use of these things which must be retained only an hour it is convenient to inject a Decoction of Mallows Barley and Violets or a little Hydromel diluted with the Whey of Goats Milk When the Disease is inveterate Issues in the Leg do much good In the use of the forementioned Medicines some things are to be observed First You must never use Remedies to force the Courses unless general Evacuations went before Secondly You must begin with gentle Means and proceed by degrees to stronger Thirdly Medicines that are given to move the Courses must be taken in a large quantity Fourthly Pessaries and uterine Glisters must be prescribed only for married Women But for Virgins Fomentations Baths and the following Fume may be ordered Take of Cloves Cinnamon and Mace each two drams of Juniper-berries half an ounce of the Seeds of Nigella one dram of Storax Calamit two drams make a gross Powder which must be cast upon Coals and the Fume must be received through a Tunnel Lastly In Cholerick and Melancholly Constitution the hottest Medicines must be avoided and only such as are gentle must be used and things that are opening moistening and mollifying must be mixed with them CHAP. XCV Of an immoderate Flux of the Courses AN immoderate flux of the Courses invades either in Child-bed or at other Times As to the first that afflicts Women most on the first Days after a difficult Labour and is accompanied with a long train of Hysterick Symptoms and as it happens only on the first days so usually does not last long for if a thickning Diet be ordered it soon abates The following Drink may be also used Take of Plantain Water and red Wine each one pint boil them till a third part is consumed Sweeten it with a sufficient quantity of white Sugar and let her take half a pint of it twice or thrice a day and in the mean while some gentle Hysterick Julep may be used and the following Nodulus may be often held to the Nostrils Take of Galbanum and Assa Foetida each two drachms of Castor one Drachm and an half of volatile Salt of Amber half a drachm mingle them make a Nodulus Or two drachms of spirit of Sal Armoniack may be often held to the Nose But as to the Flux which happens out of Child-Bed though it befals Women at any Time yet most commonly it invades a little before the Time they leave them viz. when they are about forty five Years of Age if they had them very young and about fifty if it was late before they began to have them And by reason of the great quantity of Blood which is continually evacuated they are almost continually seized with Hysterick Fits and though in this Case Hystericks both inward and outward may be used by the by but you must forbear the strongest lest they should further the Flux yet the Cure must be managed by such things as stop the Flux You must bleed in the Arm and eight Ounces of Blood must be taken away The next Morning the following Purge must be given Take of Tamarinds half an ounce of Sâ—na two drachms of Rhubarb one drachm and an half infuse them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain Water In three ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve of Manna and syrup of Roses solutive each one ounce make a purging Potion which is to be repeated every third day for twice every night at bed-time through the whole course of the Disease let an Anodyn be given of an ounce of Diacodium Take of the conserve of dryed Roses two ounces of the Troches of Lemnian Earth one drachm and an half of Pomgranate peel and of red Coral prepared each two scruples of Blood-stone of Dragon's-blood and of Bole-Armenick each two scruples with a sufficient quantity of simple Syrup of Coral make an Electuary whereof let her take the quantity of a large nutmeg in the morning and at five in the afternoon drinking upon it six spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of the waters of Oak-buds and of Plantain each three ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated and of Syrup of dried Roses each one ounce of Spirit of Vitrial a
so much danger when they Flux the Physician should endeavour all he can to hinder their Fluxing by bleeding presently in the Arm if there be the least suspicion of the Flux-pox and by giving a Vomit afterwards and by keeping the sick up till the 6th Day from the first sickness Afterwards he must be put to Bed and keep there to the end of the disease but he must have no more Cloaths on nor a greater fire in his Chamber than he used to have when he was well and he must drink freely of small Beer or other cooling Liquors But because notwithstanding the sick frequently grows hot lightheaded and restless I give an Anodyne every Night but a little earlier than is usual because in this Disease a fit of heat and restlessness comes almost every day towards the evening But which is to be lamented notwithstanding these things and all other Physical Helps the sick is very often seized on the 11th Day or on some other of those Days which we said were most fatal in the various kinds of Flux-pox with a violent Fever difficulty of breathing and restlessness and dies suddenly In this case nothing is more effectual than the taking away of ten or twelve ounces of Blood and in the evening a large Anodine must be given as before and so afterwards morning and evening and sometimes oftener for it is diligently to be noted that in some the fury of the Disease is so high that a very large dosed Anodyne cannot stop its force in 12 hours in which case it is necessary to repeat the Anodyne every 6th or every 8th hour But because it happens often at the latter end of the Disease that the Body is bound up so much that the sick is like to be suffocated and consequenrly is in great danger in this I have given successfully an ounce and an half of Lenitive Electuary dissolved in four ounces of succory-Succory-water or the like which Draught gives some stools before night but if it does not an Anodyne must be given in the evening and sooner notwithstanding the Purge if great Restlessness or some considerable sickness threaten danger If therefore the Purge does not answer the first day it must be repeated the next and then it seldom fails and in this manner Bleeding and Purging may be repeated by Intervals as occasion requires But it is to be noted that the sick must not be purged till the 13th day or after nor then unless Bleeding has gone before For spitting of Blood and a bloody Urine coming upon the small Pox for both these Hemorraghes come sometimes at the beginning of the Disease After bleeding largely once give an Anodyne Take of red Poppy water two ounces of liquid Laudanum 14 drops of distill'd Vinegar three drachms of Diacodium half an ounce make a Draught to be repeated every night at bed time Take of Troches of Lemnian Earth and of Bole-armenick each one drachm of sealed Earth Bloodstone Dragon's-blood and red Coral prepared each half a drachm of Mastich and Gum-arabick each one scruple mingle them make a fine Powder whereof let him take half a drachm every third hour in a spoonful of syrup of Comfry drinking upon it four or five spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Plantain and Oak-buds each three ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water Hordeate two ounces of syrup of dried Roses one ounce make it a little acid with spirit of Vitriol Emulsions also of the four greater cold Seeds with white Popies do a great deal of good But after the Hemorrhage is stopt you must proceed according to the method described in the small Pox. Great care must be taken that the Salivation continue according to the manner of it from the beginning to the 12th or 13th day for if it quite stop before the 11th day the Sick is in great danger It may be much promoted by ordering the Sick to drink freely small Beer or any other Liquor which is neither heating nor provokes sweat In the next place the Loosness in Children must be permitted because it evacuates the morbifick matter At last when the Pustles are crusty and hard I use to anoint the Face often with Oyl of sweet Almonds If in the distinct small Pox the Face does not swell I give an Anodyne presently but if the Patient be light-headed and very sick and makes Water often but little at a time he can be relieved no other way Death being near at hand than by giving Narcoticks freely or by taking away a large quantity of Blood and by exposing the Body to the Air but I would not be so understood here as if in every Phrensy coming upon the small Pox there being no Symptom more frequent that I should advise Bleeding presently but only in that which therefore happens because the Face does not swell in the distinct kind tho' there be a great number of Pustles If in the Flux-Pox the Spitle be so thick and clammy that the Sick is in danger of being suffocated which happens often on the 11th day a Gargarism must necessarly be prescibed and must be ordered to be used often Day and Night It may be made of small Beer or Barly-water with Hony of Roses Or the following may be used Take of the bark of Elm six drachms of Liquorice half a drachm of Raisins of the Sun ston'd number twenty of red Roses two pugils boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water to a pint and an half In the strained Liquor dissolve of simple Oxymel and of Hony of Roses each two ounces mingle them make a Gargarism But when the sick is in danger to be suffocated every moment and is stupid an ounce and an half of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum must be given for a less Dose will not work by reason of the stupidity of the sick But this Remedy does not always do the business The Coma may be easily relieved by the help of a moderate Regimen For a Suppression of Urine which sometimes afflicts young and brisk People nothing does so well as taking the Sick out of Bed and after he has walked twice or thrice cross the Room by the assistance of the By-standers he will presently make Water freely and be much relieved thereby But the Symptoms arising from catching cold or by Evacuations unduly used whereby the small Pox are struck in must be removed by Cordials and an agreeable Regimen but they must not be continued after the Symptoms are gone off The chief of these are a flatting of the Pustles and a Loosness in the distinct small Pox for in the Flux a depression of the Pustles is natural nor is a Loosness dangerous in Children In both these cases a Cordial-potion made of distilled Waters Diascordium liquid Laudanum and the like is proper not only to remove these Symptoms but also at any time of the Disease if the Sick complain of a pain at the Heart or of sickness But to speak the truth Symptoms of this kind are
sorrel one drachm of species Liberans half a scruple with a sufficient quantity of the syrup of the juice of Citron make a Cordial Bolus Take of the compound Powder of Crab's claws half a scruple of Volatile salt of Hart's horn three grains of confection of Hyacinth a sufficient quantity Take of the Cordial magisterial Powder of compound Powder of Crab's claws each twelve grains of the temperate Cordial Species eight grains mingle them make a Cordial-powder for two Doses Take of the compound Powder of Crab's claws and of the Goa-stone each half a drachm mingle them Make a Powder to be divided into three doses Catharticks TAke of Quercetan's pill of Tartar one drachm and an half of the Pil. Coch. major two scruples of chimical Oil of Marjoram three drops mingle them make twelve Pills and let three be taken at Bed-time once in two or three days Take of the fetid Pill and of Troches of Myrrh each one drachm of volatile Salt of sal Armoniack one scruple of peruvian Balsam a sufficient quantity make midling Pills Take of the fetid Pill and of Rudius's extract each half a drachm of salt of VVormwood ten grains of Oil of Cloves two drops with a sufficient quantity of Elixir Proprietatis make twelve Pills Let him take four every third day with Regimen Take of the Pills of Storax ten grains of Aloes Rosat two scruples make eight Pills Let him take them every other night and the next morning an ounce of Manna and a drachm of Cream of Tartar Take of Pil. ex duobus and of Pil. Coch. minor each one scruple of salt of Tartar half a drachm with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Backthorn and four drops of Juniper berries make twelve Pills Let him take six with Regimen Take of the Pill of Hound's-tongue one scruple of Aloes Rosat and of the Pil. Coch. minor each one drachm of salt of Tartar half a drachm with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Violets make eighteen Pills Give six when the cholick pain is violent and let the sick keep his bed six hours and repeat them upon occasion Take of Manna one ounce and an half dissolve it in two ounces and an half of black cherry-Cherry-water add one ounce of the purging syrup of Apples of spirit of Sulphur three drops Let the Child take half of this every other day Take of Gerion's decoction of Sena four ounces of syrup of Buckthorn six drachms of spirit of Sulphur six drops of Aqua mirabilis one drachm mingle them make a Potion to be taken in the morning Take of the Powder of Rhubarb twenty five grains of salt of Wormwood eight grains of syrup of Succory with Rhubarb a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Bolus to which add two drops of chimical Oil of Aniseeds Take of Mercurius dulcis and Diagridium each fifteen grains mingle them make a Powder to be taken in the morning Diaphoreticks TAke of Venice-treacle half a drachm of bezoartick Powder one scruple of syrup of the juice of Citron a sufficient quantity Make a Bolus Take of the Powders of the roots of Contrayerva Virginian snakeweed and Butterbur each one drachm of Cochinele and Saffron each half a drachm mingle them make a Powder The dose is half a drachm Take of the compound Powder of Crab's claws half a drachm of conserve of VVoodsorrel one drachm of Mithridate two scruples and an half mingle them Presently after taking it drink a draught of Posset-drink wherein Camomil or Marigold-flowers have been boil'd Take of Venice-treacle one drachm of Laudanum Opiatum one grain and an half of the pulp of Conserve of Roses half a drachm mingle them make a Bolus to be taken at bed-time drinking upon it the following draught Take of treacle-Treacle-water one ounce of carduus-Carduus-water two ounces of syrup of Cowslips three drachme mingle them make a draught Take of Venice-treacle two scruples of volatile Salt of Amber and Bezoartic mineral each half a drachm of Laudanum opiatum three grains mingle them make a Bolus Take of Salt of Hartshorn two grains of the magisterial Cordial-powder six grains of Camphor and Cochinele each four grains of Venice-treacle one scruple of the Aqua Coelestis a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Bolus Let it be taken at a convenient time and let nine ounces of the following Apozem be taken every third hour Take of the roots of Scorzonera two ounces of Butturbur Angelica and Fennel each one ounce of rasped Hartshorn six drachms of Ivory rasped three drachms of Marigold-flowers one pugil of Vetches half a handful boil them in a sufficient quantity of Barly-water to a quart of the Liquor strain'd add half an ounce of tincture of Saffron of Christalline Sugar one ounce mingle them make an Apozem Diureticks TAke of Sal Prunellae two drachms of Sugar candy one drachm make a Powder to be divided into six parts Let one be taken thrice a day Take of Sal Prunella three drachms of Salt of Amber half a drachm make a Powder The dose is half a drachm thrice a day Take of compound-Compound-water of Horse-radish two ounces of pellitory-Pellitory-water four ounces of spirit of Salt one scruple fifteen grains of salt of Tartar fifteen grains of syrup of Violets half an ounce mingle them make a Potion Take of the Powder of Bees one scruple of the seeds of Lovage half a scruple mingle them make a Powder Take of the Powder of Egg-shells half a drachm or one drachm give it in a draught of Whitewine Take of the Waters of Arsmart and Wake-robin each six ounces of compound briony-Briony-water and compound radish-Radish-water each two ounces of the syrup of the five opening Roots one ounce and an half of spirit of Salt forty drops mingle them make a Julep Let four or five ounces of it be taken twice a day eye-Eye-Waters TAke of the water of Spawn of Frogs of Plantain and of Roses each one ounce of Tutty-stone prepared two scruples of the white Troches of Rhasis half a scruple mingle them make an eye-Eye-water to be used twice or thrice a day cold Take of red Rose water two ounces of Salt of Vitriol finely powder'd five grains mingle them make a Collyrium Take of Crocus metallorum one drachm of plantain-Plantain-water three ounces digest them hot for six hours and then filter them Make a Collyrium to be dropt into the Eyes often in a day Emulsions TAke of blanched Almonds number three of the seeds of Melons Lettice and white Poppies each one drachm of the pulp of Barly three drachms beat them and pour on them a sufficient quantity of Barly-water to eight ounces of the strained Liquor add five drachms of Diacodium mingle them make an Emulsion Take of blanched Almonds twelve of the four greater cold Seeds each one drachm and an half of the seeds of Lettice and white Poppies each half a drachm beat them in a marble Mortar and pour on them gently a sufficient quantity of poppy-Poppy-water make an Emulsion for 2 doses
to which add an ounce of syrup of Violets and half a drachm of sal Prunella Take of blanched Almonds infused in rose-Rose-water two ounces of the four greater cold seeds and of Plantain and Purslain each one drachm of seeds of Marsh-mallows and white Poppies each one scruple beat them according to Art and pour on them a sufficient quantity of the decoction of Barly and Liquorice make an Emulsion for two doses To each add of syrup of Water-lillies one ounce of sal Prunella half a drachm Gargarisms TAke of the Waters of Plantain and spawn of Frogs each four ounces of syrup of Mulberries and dried Roses each one ounce of spirit of Vitriol a sufficient quantity to make it pleasantly acid make a Gargarism Take of the middle bark of the Elm two ounces of Barly-water one pint and an half boil it to a pint Add to the strain'd Liquor when 't is clear of epidemic-Epidemic-water and syrup of Rasberries each two ounces of spirit of Sulphur half a scruple mingle them make a Gargarism Take of the mucilage of the seeds of Quinces made in rose-Rose-water two ounces of syrup of Rasberries one ounce mingle them Let him take one spoonful often and hold it a little upon his Tongue and swallow it by degrees Take of plantain-Plantain-water one pint the whites of two Eggs of Sugar a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Gargarism Take of the roots of Marshmallows one ounce of Liquorish rasped three drachms of the middle bark of the Elm and of common Bramble-bush each three drachms of the leaves of Sage and Columbine each half a handful of fat Figs number five of red Roses half a handful of Balaustines half a drachm of Jew's Ears two drachms of Cochinel one scruple boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water to one pint strain the Liquor and sweeten it with Hony of Roses strain'd make a Gargarism Take of the Waters of red Roses and Plantain each two ounces of Hony of Roses strain'd and of syrup of Mulberries each three drachms of crude Alom pouder'd ten grains mingle them make a Gargarism Glisters TAke of the carminative Decoction ten ounces of mercurial Hony one ounce of brown Sugar two ounces and a half of the Electuary of Laurel-berries half an ounce mingle them make a Glister Take of the common Decoction for a Glister one pint of Lenitive Electuary one ounce and a half of Diacatholicon one ounce of Oil of Camomil half an ounce mingle them make a Glister Take of Cow's milk one pint of yolks of Eggs number two of Venice-treacle half an ounce mingle them make a Glister Take of the carminative Decoction with Lawrel and Juniper-berries ten ounces of the Electuary of Lawrel-berries one ounce of Vinum Benedictum two ounces of brown Sugar three ounces of chimical Oil of Juniper ten drops mingle them make a Glister Take of the common Decoction for a Glister six ounces of the species of Hiera piâ—ra one drachm of Cassia six drachms of mercurial Hony one ounce and a half mingle them make a Glister Take of Cow's Milk with a pugil of red Roses boil'd in it six ounces of Diascordium one drachm mingle them make a Glister Take of the roots of Tormentil of yellow Myrobalans of the seeds of Coriander each three drachms of the Flowers of Camomil half a handful of Balaustines one scruple boil them in a quart of fountain-Fountain-water to half a pint of the strain'd Liquor ade one drachm of Mithridate make a Glister Liniments TAke of the red Ophthalmic Ointment of the last Edition save one of the London Dispensatory two drachms of Oil of bitter Almonds twenty drops mingle them make a Liniment wherewith anoint the Eye-lids with a hot Finger Take of pure Sperma ceti two drachms dissolve it in half an ounce of Oil of Almonds fresh drawn add six drachms of Pomatum mingle them make a Liniment for the Face Take of Oils of Scorpions and of sweet Almonds each one drachm of Saffron pouder'd half a scruple mingle them make a Liniment wherewith anoint the region of the Heart with a hot Hand and apply over a Pidgeon cut in the middle and renew it every third hour Take of the Alabastrine Ointment one drachm and a half of Oil of Nutmegs by expression two scruples mingle them anoint the Forehead and Temples and apply over a Rose-cake sprinkled with Vinegar Take of Populneum Ointment half an ounce of Opium one scruple mingle them Take of Ointment of Tobacco one ounce and a half of Flowers of Sulphur half an ounce of Oil of Nutmegs by expression two drachms of sal Armoniac one drachm mingle them Take of the pectoral Ointment and of the Flowers of Oranges each one ounce and a half of the chimical Oil of Camomil-flowers one scruple mingle them make a Liniment wherewith anoint the Breast with a hot Hand Pectorals TAke of Olibanum Spema ceti and of the Powder of Liquorice each one scruple of syrup of Marshmallows a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Bolus Repeat it twice or thrice in a day Take of Storax strain'd Myrrh Balsam of Tolu Juice of Liquorice and Hony each a sufficient quantity make Pills Take a scruple thrice a day upon an empty Stomach drinking upon it two spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of compound gentian-Gentian-water and of strong cinnamon-Cinnamon-water and of Oxymel of Squills each three ounces mingle them Take of syrup of Maiden-hair and of Jujubes each three ounces of Oil of Flax fresh drawn two ounces mingle them make a Lohoch Let him take half a spoonful every other hour and when the Cough is violent Take of Aniseeds finely pouder'd and of Liquorice pouder'd each three drachms of flowers of Sulphur one drachm and a half of the best Hony two ounces and a half dissolved in three spoonfuls of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated make an Electuary to which add fifteen drops of Balsam of Sulphur of Oil of Aniseeds ten drops Let him take two drachms in the morning and at bed time Take of the Lohoch Sanans half an ounce of syrup of Maiden-hair two ounces of Oil of sweet Almonds half an ounce of syrup of Jujubes half an ounce mingle them make a Linctus to be taken when the Cough is violent Take of the Lohoch Sanans three ounces of syrup of Rasberries one ounce mingle them Make a Linctus Plasters THE Head being shaved and washed with equal parts of Canary and compound spirit of Lavender apply a Plaster made of the Cephalic Plaster and a fourth part of Gum Tacama-haca To the Breast and Region of the Stomach apply the Stomach-Plaster with eight drops of Oil of Wormwood Take of the Plaster ad Herniam and of red Lead each a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Plaster to be apply'd to the Vertebrae of the Loins and the Os Sacrum Take of the Plasters of Hemlock with Ammoniacum of compound Melilote and Cummin each equal parts of sal Armoniac half a drachm mingle them make a Plaster for the region of
the Spleen Take of the best Aloes and of the Ointment de Arthanita each one ounce of Turpentine a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Plaster to be apply'd to the Navel Take of the Cephalic Plaster with Euphorbium three parts of Burgundy-pitch one part make a Plaster for the soles of the Feet Pultisses TAke of white Bread baked the day before two ounces of red Sanders pouder'd one drachm and a half of Camphor pouder'd half a drachm mingle them and with a sufficient quantity of cold fountain-Fountain-water beat them make a Pultiss to be apply'd to the Eye shut the quantity of a small Wallnut being used at a time twice a day Take of the seeds of Mustard bruised two drachms of Garlic one ounce of black Soap two ounces mingle them make a Cataplasm to be apply'd to the soles of the Feet Take of an Onion and the tops of Savine each half an ounce of Currants and Sea Salt each half a handful beat them and make a Cataplasm to be apply'd to the Wrists Stomach Medicines TAke of the Stomach Pill with Gums of Aloes Rosat each fifteen grains of London Laudanum one grain mingle them make four Pills to be taken at Bed-time the next morning let him take two quarts of Epsom-waters or the like Let the Pills and the Waters be repeated every third day for four times Take of the Tinctura sacra one pint and a half let him take four spoonfuls every third night at Bed-time and the next morning let two quarts of Epsom-water be boiled and turned with Milk and let him drink it then Take of the bitter Decoction a quart in making it put in but half the quantity of Sena and add a drachm of salt of Wormwood To the strain'd Liquor add four ounces of compound gentian Water made with White wine Let four ounces be taken in the morning fasting three hours before Dinner Take of the bitter Tincture without Sena two ounces of Steel-wine one ounce of spirit of Saffron eight drops take it morning and evening for thirteen days Take of Crab's Eyes prepared Pearl red Coral prepared each two scruples of the best Chalk one scruple mingle them make a Pouder to be divided into eight parts let one be taken in a spoonful of syrup of Mint thrice a day Take of the Waters of black Cherries and Baulm each three ounces of Dr. Stephans's water one ounce and a half of spirit of Mint three drachms of Confection of Alkermes two drachms of syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Julep Let five spoonfuls be taken at a time Take of the tops of the lesser Centaury of the flowers of Camomil and Agrimony each half a handful of common Wormwood half a pugil of the roots of Gentian sliced half a drachm of Zedaary one drachm of the seeds of Carduus Benedictus and of Citrons each one drachm and a half of Filings of Steel two ounces digest them all over a gentle Fire in two pints and a half of Whitewine for four days filter the Liquor and let nine ounces of it be taken every morning and at four in the afternoon Take of Salt of Wormwood one scruple of syrup of Lemons a sufficient quantity to take off the Ebullition Let it be used upon occasion Suppositories TAke of Hiera piera two drachms of Coloquintida and Agarick each half a drachm of Diagridium one scruple of sal Gemma two drachms of Hony boil'd to a due consistence a sufficient quantity make Suppositories Vomits TAke of salt of Vitriol half a drachm of compound Water of Wallnuts two ounces of compound syrup of Scabious half an ounce mingle them make a Vomit Take of Vinum Benedictum six drachms of the Water of Carduus Benedictus one ounce of Oxymel of Squills half an ounce mingle them make a Vomit Take of Oxymel of Squills three ounces of compound syrup of Scabious one ounce let it be taken in an Evening in a draught of clear Posset-drink and let him drink Posset-drink frequently with a spoonful of Oil of Almonds in each draught Take of Mercurius Vitae four grains give it in the pulp of a roasted Apple Take of Turbith Mineral nine grains of conserve of red Roses a sufficient quantity mingle them make a Vomit ADVERTISEMENT EXcellent Purging Pills prepar'd by the Author are to be sold by Mr. Henry Bonwicke at the Red Lyon in St. Paul's Church-yard They cure the Scurvy the most reigning Disease of this Kingdom They purge the Head Breast Stomach and Reins and cleanse the Blood and are a very proper Purge for those that cannot confine themselves when they want Purging but are forc'd to go abroad about their Business The Price of each Box is 1 s. 6 d. with Directions for use BOOKS Printed for Henry Bonwicke at the Red Lyon in St. Paul's Church-yard COllections of Acute Diseases in five Parts I. Of the Small Pox and Measles II. Of the Plague and Pestilential Fevers III. Of Continual Fevers IV. Of Agues a Pleurisie Peripneumonia Quinsie and the Cholera Morbus V. and last of the Bloody-Flux Miscariage of Acute Diseases of Women with Child a Rheumatism Bleeding at Nose Apoplexy Lethargy and several other Diseases Collection of Chronical Diseases viz. The Cholick the Bilious Cholick Histerick Diseases the Gout and the Bloody Urine from the Stone in the Kidnies Promptuarium Praxeos Medicae seu Methodus Medendi Praescriptis Celeberrimorum Medicorum Londinensium Concinnata in Ordinem Alphabeticum digesta The Compleat Herbal of Physical Plants Containing all such English and Foreign Herbs Shrubs and Trees as are used in Physick and Surgery and to the Virtues of those that are now in use is added one Receipt or more of some Learned Physitian The Doses or Quantities of such as are prescribed by the London Physitians and others are proportion'd Also Directions for making compound-Compound-waters Syrups Simple Medicines Moreover the Gums Balsams Oyls Juices and the like which are sold by Apothecaries and Druggists are added to this Herbal and their Virtues and Uses are fully described These four by the Author of this Practice of Physick The General History of the Reformation of the Church written in Latin by John Sleidan faithfully Englished To which is added A Continuation to the End of the Council of Trent by E. Bohun Esq in Folio Pains afflicting Human Bodies Their various differences Causes Parts affected Signals of Danger or Safety shewing the Tendency of Chronick and Acute Diseases for a seasonable prevention of fatal Events With a Tract of Issues and Setons by E. Maynwaring M. D. Octavo A New Description of Paris Containing a Particular Account of All the Churches Palaces Monasteries Colledges Hospitals Libraries Cabinets of Rarities Academies of the Virtuosi Paintings Medals Statues and other Sculptures Monuments and Publick Inscriptions With all other remarkable Matters in that Great and Famous City Translated out of French The Second Edition to which is added a Map of Paris Letters of Religion and Virtue to several Gentlemen and Ladies with some short Reflections on divers subjects Pia Desideria Or Divine Addresses in three parts 1. Sighs of the Penitent Soul 2. Desires of the Religious Soul 3. Extasies of the Enamour'd Soul Illustrated with 47 Cuts Written in Latin by Herm. Hugo Englished by Edmund Arwaker Octavo The Art of Catechising or the compleat Catechist in four parts 1. The Church Catechism resolv'd into easy Questions 2. An Exposition of it in a continued full and plain Discourse 3. The Church Catechism resolv'd into Scripture-proofs 4. The Whole Duty of Man reduced into Questions Fitted for the meanest Capacities the weakest Memories the plainest Teachers and the most uninstructed Learners Country Conversations Being an account of some Discourses that happen'd in a Visit to the Country last Summer on divers Subjects chiefly of the modern Comedies of Drinking of translated Verse of Painting and Painters of Poets and Poetry Golden Remains of Sir George Freeman Knight of the Honourable Order of the Bath Being choice Discourses on select Subjects The Present State of Persia with a faithful Account of the Manners Religion and Government of that People By Monsieur Sanson a Missionary from the French King Adorn'd with Figures Done into English FINIS
the Stomach 215 Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder 295 Unguis Oculorum 71 Vomiting 193 Urine suppress'd 307 Urine hot 311 Urine bloody 292 Uvula relaxed 124 W. WEakness 187 Whites 357 Womb inflamed 371 Womb ulcerated 375 Womb mortified 387 Womb falling 395 Worms 252 THE STORE-HOUSE OF Physical Practice Diseases of the HEAD CHAP. I. Of a Phrensie A Phrensie in Latin Phrenitis is twofold True and Spurious A true Phrensie is an inflamation of the Brain and Membranes of it with a perpetual Delirium and a continual Acute Feaver A Bastard Phrensie proceeds from an hot intemperies communicated to the Brain from the whole Body as in Burning Feavers or from the inflamation of some particular part as of the Liver Lungs and especially the Diaphragm The Causes of a true Phrensie proceed from Cholerick Blood extravasated The Signs of an approaching Phrensie are Watchings disturbed Sleep immoderate Speech Urine first Thick then Thin and Clear Heat and Pain in the Head and the like A Phrensie is known by perpetual Raving restless Watching and by drawing the Breath deep and seldom and the Sick does not call for Drink though there are great and apparent causes of Thirst the Pulse is small frequent and quick the Feaver is continual and the Tongue black yellow or rough A Phrensie is generally deadly because the Noble Parts are generally affected But there is most hopes of Recovery when they Laugh and when all the symptoms are moderate and when the Strength is good and if after the Disease is at height some evacuation happens as by Sweat Bleeding at the Nose or a Loosness The following Signs shew it to be deadly trembling of the Hands and Tongue gnashing of the Teeth Convulsion and a shaking at the beginning of it catching of the Cloaths black Blood droping from the Nose white Stools and a pale Urine CVRE The Blood flowing to the Head must be evacuated repelled intercepted and a revulsion of it must be made That which is already flown in must be evacuated and discussed the intemperies of the part must be corrected and the strength of it and of the whole Body must be preserved All these things may be performed by the following remedies But first of all and at any time of the day Bleeding must be used If it be occasion'd by a suppression of the Lochia or of the Courses or of the Hemorrhoids the Vein call'd Saphena must be open'd in the Foot afterwards you must open a Vein in the Arm to evacuate the Blood that is put off upon the Head Bleeding is to be repeated twice thrice or more according to the height of the Disease and the Age and Strength of the Patient Note in opening of the Vein the Orifice must be small for otherwise the restlesness of the Sick will force the Blood out and so make it joyn the sooner you may apply a Plaister to it made of Aloes the White of an Egg and Hares Down After Bleeding you must endeavour to procure Sleep by applying cooling things to the Forehead and Temples and Anodine Medicines must be given inwardly Take of Lettice and Purslain Water each one Ounce of Diacodium half an Ounce or six Drams of Syrup of Lemons half an Ounce make a Draught to be taken at Bed-time The Sick may take often of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Lettice Purslain Roses red Poppies each three Ounces Syrup of Violets and Pomgranats each one Ounce and an half of Sal prunella three Drams make a Julep The Dose is three or four spoonfuls at a time four or five times a day When Bleeding cannot be used Cupping-glasses must be applied with deep Scarification first to the lower Parts viz. the Thighs c. then to the upper Parts viz. to the Shoulders c. And afterwards you may apply them without Scarification to the Legs and other parts Blisters may be also conveniently applied to the Shoulders and Arms and a cooling Glyster must be daily injected For instance Take of the common decoction for Glysters one Pint dissolve in it one Ounce of Lenitive Electuary and four Ounces of Brown Sugar make a Glyster Note That the quantity of the Glyster must be varied according to the Age and Bigness of the Patient Bleeding in the Nose by pricking often with a Lancet the Nostrils where the Hairs grow does much good and also Leeches applied behind the Ears to the Nostrils and Forehead CHAP. II. Of Madness MAdness in Latin Mania This Disease does not kill of it self yet it is very difficult to Cure especially if it be hereditary CVRE Bleeding Vomiting and strong Purges are to be frequently used with which and severe Discipline it is frequently Cur'd But if the Disease be mild kind words and good usage and gentle Physick does oftentimes the business But in most Bleeding must be us'd to a great quantity in the beginning of the Disease sometimes in the Arm and sometimes in the Jugular Vein in the Forehead Foot or drawn from the Hemorrhoidal Veins by Leeches Vomits do also a great deal of good But such as are Chymical are best because they work most powerfully and the Sick may be easily cheated with them Take of Sulphur of Antimony eight or ten grains of cream of Tartar half a Scruple mix them and give it in a spoonful of Broth or with Bread Repeat this Vomit once in four days Strong Purges are also frequently used As Take of extract of black Hellebore and Calamelanos each one Scruple mix them and make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning Betwixt the Evacuations such things may be used as attemperate the Blood if the Sick will take them as Steel-waters Whey and the like For preservation such People as are subject to Madness should Purge and Bleed Spring and Fall CHAP. III. Of Giddiness GIddiness in Latin Vertigo There are two sorts of it in one the Sight is taken away in the other it is not The Cause of Giddiness is a circumvolution of the Spirits An idiopathick Giddiness is known by Pains and dulness in the Head a dulness of the Sight noise in the Ears Deafness and the like The peccant Matter is discovered by the following Signs dulness of the outward and inward Senses Sloth much Sleep much Spitting want of Appetite and of Thirst a white and crude Urine shew that Flegm abounds watching anger activity of Body thirst a quick Pulse thin and yellow Urine signifie that Choler is peccant fear sadness disturbed thoughts long watching dreadful Dreams soure belchings and the like signifie Melancholy abounds The bigness and stiffness of the Veins a florid Countenance and heat of the Face beating of the Temples dulness of the Head weariness or a red and thick Urine and sometimes a thin when there is a translation to the Head signifie that Blood abounds A sympathetick Giddiness is known by the absence of the Symptoms that proceed from the Head and when there is no apparent Disease in the Brain Want of Appetite nauciousness
of the Oak factitious Cinnabar and of Elk's Hoof each half an Ounce Dose half a Scruple or one Scruple Some find benefit by Shaving the Head and by applying to the forepart of it a Plaister Take of the Roots and Seeds of Peony of Castor of Misleto of the Oak and of Man's Skull finely powder'd each one Dram of the Plaister of Bettony two Ounces of Carrana Tacamahaca each two Drams of Balsam Copaiba a sufficient quantity make a Plaister spread on Leather and apply it to the Sutures of the Head Anoint the Temples and Nostrils often with Oyl of Ambar either by it self or mixed with Oyl of Copaiba Sneesing Powders and Apophlegmatisms must be used every Morning Take of white Hellebore one ounce of Castor and Euphorbium each half a dram of sweet Marjoram and the Leaves of Rue each two drams make a Powder which you may dissolve with Mustard in a decoction of Sage or hyssop and with it wash and gargle the Mouth Glysters may be used daily upon occasion 'T is said that six or eight Ounces of the decoction of Gujacum taken twice a day and the second decoction of it used for ordinary drink as is used in the French Pox will Cure this Disease CHAP. V. Of Childrens Convulsions CHildrens Convulsions in Latin Epilepsia puerorum are so frequent that it is almost the only Species of Convulsions They are chiefly subject to them in the first Month and at the time they breed Teeth but they also happen at other times and proceed from other causes in such are disposed to them Sometimes they do not come presently after the Birth but lye hid until the breeding of Teeth or not till a great while after and take their rise from other evident Causes either Internal or External as from an Unhealthy or Big-bellied Nurse from Milk coagulated or corrupted in the Stomach from a Feaverish Disposition from Ulcers or Scabs of the Head or of other Parts suddenly disappearing from changes of the Air or from the Conjunction or opposite Aspects of the Sun and Moon We must endeavour to prevent these Convulsions in Children and Infants or to Cure them when they are come for if the former Children of the same Parents have been subject to Convulsive Fits this Disease ought to be prevented by the early use of Remedies in such as are born after To this end it is customary to give to new-born Babes as soon as they begin to breath some Medicine proper for Convulsions Some upon this occasion give some drops of pure Hony others a Spoonful of Canary-wine sweetned with Sugar or Oyl of Almonds fresh drawn others give a drop of Oyl of Ambar or half a Spoonful of Epileptick water Besides these things used at first which certainly do good some other Remedies ought to be administred for instance give a Spoonful twice a day of the following Liquor Take of the Waters of Black Cherries and Rue each one Ounce and a half of Langius's Antiepilectick Water one Ounce of Syrup of Coral six Drams of prepared Pearl fifteen Grains mingle them in a Viol. The third or fourth day after the Birth make an Issue in the Neck and if the Countenance be florid evacuate by bleeding an Ounce and an half or two Ounces of Blood from the Jugular Veins but take care that too much Blood do not flow out in sleep rub gently the Temples with the following Linement Take of Oyl of Nutmegs by expression two Drams of Balsam of Copaiba three Drams of Ambar one Scruple mix them Hang round the Neck the Roots and Seeds of Male-peony and a little Elks hoof sewed up in a Rag Moreover Medicines proper for Convulsions must be given daily to the Nurse Let her take Morning and Evening a Draught of Whey wherein the Roots of Male-peony or the Seeds of Sweet Fennel have been boiled Take of the Conserves of the flowers of Bettony Male-peony and Rosemary flowers each two Ounces of the Powders of the Roots and Flowers of Male-peony each two Drams of red Coral prepared and white Ambar each one Dram of the Roots of Angelica and Zodoary prepared each half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peony make an Electuary Let her take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening and be very orderly in her Diet. But if any Infant be actually seized with Convulsions because the Issue does not run well you must apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears and if the Infant be not of a cold Constitution Blood must be drawn from the Jugular Veins by Leeches and Linements must be used to the Temples Nostrils and Neck and to the Soles of the Feet and Glisters which empty the Belly plentifully must be injected Moreover often in a day namely every sixth or eighth hour Specifick Remedies must be given Take of Oyl of Copaiba and of Castor each two Drams of Ambar half a Dram make a Linement Apply to the Soles of the Feet the Plaister with Euphorbium spread on Leather Take of prepared Pearls of the Powder de Gutteta each one Dram mingle them for twelve Papers whereof let him take one Morning and Evening in a Spoonful of the following Julap drinking after it one or two Spoonfuls Take of the Waters of Black Cherries and of Lilly of the Vallies each two Ounces of fennel-Fennel-water and Compound Peony water each two Drams of Syrup of red Poppies six Drams Take of the Powder of the Seeds of Rue of Castor of Assafaetida each a sufficient quantity mingle them and tye it up in a Rag sprinkle it with Vinegar and put it often to the Nostrils Vntzerus commends much the Gall of a Sucking Kitlin all the Juice being taken out of the Bladder and mixed with a little water of Lime-flowers and given to the Child An excellent Physician lately told me that he had known several Children cured with this Remedy When by reason of breeding Teeth difficultly Convulsions happen this Symptom is Secondary and less Dangerous and therefore does not require the first and chief work of Healing for sometimes we are more Solicitous to ease the Pain and take off the Feaverish Disposition And therefore a thin and cooling Diet is ordered for the Eruption of the Teeth either by rubbing or cutting the Gums and things that are anodine are applied to the swelled and pained Parts and here Glisters and Bleeding are often used and we ought to procure Sleep and to qualifie the Fury of the Blood in the mean while Temperate Medicines for Convulsions and such as do the least stir the Humours are to be used and Blisters because they evacuate the Serum too apt to be poured upon the Head do often give relief When Children are seized with Convulsions not presently after the Birth or upon breeding Teeth but from other Occasions and Accidents the cause for the most part of such is either in the Head or in the Bowels when the former is suspected as is wont to be
known by the signs which shew watry Humours heap'd up in the Brain the Medicines above mentioned must be used Moreover for those who bear Purging well a Vomit or gentle Purge must be prescribed Wine and Oxymel of Squills also Mercurius dulcis Rubarb and Rosin of Jalap are of good use when the cause of the Convulsions seems to be lodged in the Bowels or when Worms or sharp Humours in the Belly are the cause For Worms a Purge of Rubarb or of Mercurius dulcis with the Rosin of Jalap must be given and the following Medicines are also of use Take of the Roots of Virginian Snake-weed powdered one Dram of Coral calcined till it is white half a Dram make a Powder The Dose is half a Scruple or a Scruple twice a day for three days following drinking upon it the Decoction of the Roots of Grass Take of Hiera pitra and of Venice-Treacle each one Dram make a Plaister for the Belly If the Convulsions are thought to proceed from sharp Humours disturbing the Bowels or Stomach Purging upward and downward by turns is to be observed to this end a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squills or Salt of Vitriol is to be given Take of Syrup of Peony three Ounces Salt of Vitriol two Scruples of Compound lavender-Lavender-water one Dram mingle them give a Spoonful three or four times in an hour till the Child has once Vomited or went to Stool once But if Evacuation downward seem most proper give the Infusion of Rubarb or the Powder of it or Syrup of Succory with Rubarb or Syrup of Roses with Agarick And moreover Glisters are to be used frequently in this case and External Medicines are to be applied to the Belly Take of the leaves of Camomil cut small two handfuls put them into two Bags made of fine Cloth or of Silk which being dip'd in hot Milk and pressed out are to be applied successively to the Belly CHAP. VI. Of the Night-Mare or Incubus IT is commonly supposed by the ordinary sort of People that this Disease is occasioned by the Devil or an Evil Spirit 's lying upon their Stomachs which perhaps may be so sometimes but it also comes from meer Natural Causes as is supposed though what those are or where the Morbisick Matter is placed is not known when it is thought to come from Natural Causes the Cure is to be undertaken in the following manner Bleeding and gentle Purging is first to be used and afterward things proper for the Head as Powders of Ambar Coral Pearls the Roots of Male-peony Dittany of Crete Contra yerva and other things prescribed in the Chapter of the Apoplexy and the like But an orderly Diet is first to be prescribed windy Meats and such as are hard of Digestion are to be avoided and Sleep must not be indulged after Eating or Study and large and late Suppers and lying on the Back must be forbid Infants and Children are often troubled with this Disease the sign whereof is their starting in their Sleep and crying out violently and after they have had these Fits often they fall into Convulsions wherefore a right Method of Cure ought to be administred as soon as they seem to be disordered in their Sleep Inquiry must be made concerning the Milk they Suck whether it be good or not and whether it agrees with their Stomachs after they have Sucked plentifully they must not be suffered to sleep the Nurse must use an orderly Diet and let her take also Morning and Evening a Dose of a Powder or Electuary that is proper for the Head drinking upon it a Draught of Posset-drink wherein the Leaves of Sage or Bettany or the Roots or Seeds of Peony have been boiled Let the Infant take twice a day a Spoonful of Black-Cherry-water let an Issue be made in the Neck and let it lye sometimes on one side sometimes on the other and seldom or never upon the Back And Coral or the Seeds of Male-peony being hanged about the Neck or upon the Pit of the Stomach may do some good When they start violently often in their Sleep apply a Blister to the Neck or behind the Ears Moreover Morning and Evening daily give half a Scruple of the Powder de Gutteta in a Spoonful of Lime-flower-water CHAP. VI. Of Sleepy Diseases Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy THere are four sorts of Preternatural Sleep Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy which because for the most part they proceed from the same Causes and require the same Methods of Cure therefore they shall be treated of together in this Chapter The first and principal cause of these Diseases is a Flegmatick or Watry Humour contained in the Brain contrary to Nature Secondly Sleepy Diseases are wont to be generated by Blood abounding in the Brain and from extravasated Blood stopping or oppressing the Ventricles of the Brain sleepy Disease and especially an Apoplexy is sometimes occasioned Thirdly It is certain that a Comatose Disease proceeds from a Tumor that oppresses the Brain by its weight Fourthly Immoderate Vapors carried to the Head may be the cause of a Sympathetick Coma. Fifthly From the immoderate use of Narcotick Medicines inwardly taken so deep a Sleep is occasioned that many by the imprudent use of Opium have slept their last That Sleepy Diseases are occasioned by Flegmatick Humours stagnating in the Brain is known by a Flegmatick Habit of Body by old Age or Childhood by a cold or moist Season or Country by the Suppression of the Excretion of Flegm by the Mouth and Nostrils and for that the Sick before the coming of this Disease was afflicted with a Dulness of the Head Dimness of Sight and Unaptness for Motion and because in the Disease Flegm flows from the Mouth and Nostrils or falling upon the Throat is frequently swallowed down by the Sick That Blood produces a sleepy Disease is known by a Plethorick Disposition by Redness of the Face and by a Pain in the Head foregoing this Disease That the Sympathetick Disease arises from Vapors elevated to the Brain is known by the absence of those Signs which signifie an Idiopathetick Disease also by the signs of the peculiar disorder of the Parts from whence Vapors are transmitted to the Brain A very thin Diet is to be ordered at the beginning of these Diseases and when the Fit is off the Sick to prevent a Relapse must forbear all strong Liquors and be fed with Barly and Oat-meal Broths or with Chicken Broth and sometimes especially when he Purges with Chickens Lamb and the like When a Physician is first called to a Patient that is seized with a sleepy Disease he must endeavour by all means to rowse him by offering Violence to all his Senses and therefore he must expose his Eyes to the Sun-beams or to a clear Light his Ears must be filled with violent Noises and Clamours and the Sick must be sure to be called aloud by his own name sharp things are to be blown up his Nostrils the Sense of Touching
Optick Nerve the Eyes are only affected But if there be a compression by Flegmatick Humours gathered together about the Roots of the Eyes and the mamillary processes that Matter will either seise other parts of the Brain and then the rest of the Senses or all of them will be injured But if it be seated only about the Optick Nerves a Flegmatick Matter will be evacuated by the Nostrils more plentifully than is usual and there will seem a weight to lie upon the forepart of the Head especially about the Eye-lids As to the Prognosticks if the Sight be quite taken away by an Obstruction of the Optick Nerves the Disease is most commonly incurable for we see that Obstructions of other Nerves whereby a Palsie is generated is seldom or never Cured especially in those that are Old But if the Obstruction be partial and the Sight be only diminished there is more hope of Recovery though a long course of Remedies and a great deal of time is requisite for the Cure But if this Disease proceed from Humours collected in the forepart of the Head it is easier Cured Fabritius Hildanus mentions an Observation of one that lost his Sight by taking a violent Vomit and recovered it again by taking another For the first by its Violence stirred the Humours too much and forced them upon the Optick Nerves but the other evacuated the Humours and so Cured There are other Observations of this kind but it is reasonable to suppose that in these cases where the Cure is so easily performed the Humour is not stopt in the substance of the Nerves but collected in the Brain about the Nerves For the Cure of this Disease the Matter impacted into the Nerves or adhering to them which causes the Obstruction or Compression is to be evacuated which cannot be unless the whole Body be first evacuated As Galen says the Eye cannot be Cured before the whole Head nor that before the whole Body That the Remedies may be described orderly a Diet convenient for thâ—â— Disease is first to be appoinâ—ed which ought to be attenuating and moderately drying And first an Air inclining to hot and dry ought to be chosen but thick cloudy cold and rainy Air must be carefully avoided Meats of easie Digestion and of good Juice must be eaten and such as breed a thick Juice must not be used as Pork Geese Pease Cheese and the like also those things that fill the Head with Vapours as things made of Milk and hot Spices as Pepper Ginger and the like The Bread must be made with Fennel-water or the Seed of it must be mingled with it But great Care must be taken that Darnel is not mixed with the Wheat wherewith the Bread is made which has been always accounted very injurious to the Eye In Sauces and Broths let the Sick use those things which have an attenuating Faculty as Hyssop Fennel Marjoram Bettony Sage Eye-bright and especially Nutmegs which strengthen the Brain and clear the Sight Turneps should be often eaten and also Sparrows and Pidgeons Cold Herbs must be avoided especially Lettice which is injurious to the Eyes The Sick must be moderate in his Diet and the Supper sparing and once or twice a Week let him go to Bed without Supper At Meals instead of Salt let him use the following Powder Take of common Salt two Ounces of Eye-bright dried two Drams of Nutmeg one Dram of Cinnamon two Scruples make a Powder After every Meal let him take one Spoonful of the following Powder Take of the Seeds of Coriander prepared half an Ounce of the Seeds of Anise and Fennel each two Drams of Cinnamon and Nutmegs each one Dram of Eye-bright dried three Drams of Sugar of Roses twice the weight of all Wine is not good in this Disease because it fills the Head with Vapours and promotes fluxion but a Decoction of Sarsaparilla sweetned with Liquorish and aromatized with Coriander Seeds is a proper Drink But all cannot abstain from Wine or strong Beer and therefore dried Eye-bright infused in small Wine or Beer may be used sometimes Sleep must be shorter than usual and lying on the Back must be avoided as much as may be and the Sick must not Sleep after Dinner He must be moderate in his Exercise and his Body must be always kept Loose These things being thus ordered the Cure must be begun with universal Evacuation and he must be first purged with the following Medicine Take of Senna cleansed half a Dram of the Seeds of Fennel one Dram of the Leaves of Bettony Eye-bright and Vervain each half an handful of Liquorish three Drams boil them in fountain-Fountain-water to three Ounces strain it and dissolve in it three Drams of Diaphaenicon and an Ounce of the Syrup of Roses make a Potion to be taken in the Morning After the first Purge the Physician ought to consider with himself whether Bleeding is to be used In Old People or such as are of a Flegmatick Constitution certainly it is not But in those that are young and of a hot Constitution especially if there be Signs of Blood abounding without controversie if it be used in time it may do much good and where there are such indications for Bleeding After Blood has been drawn from the Arm the particular Veins of the Head may be opened and those which are near the Eyes viz. the Forehead Vein the Vein of the Temples and in the Corner of the Eyes near the Nose But it is more proper to apply Leeches to the Temples and if they are set behind the Ears too they may do much good Some Practitioners relate that some blind People have been Cured by Wounds in the Forehead whereby the turgid Veins and Arteries have been emptied But if a suppression of the Courses has preceded this Disease Blood is to be drawn from the lower Veins or Leeches must be applied to the Hemorrhoids afterwards the Body must be purged more exactly with the following Apozem Take of the Roots of Fennel Sarsaparilla Florentine Orris Elecampane each one Ounce of the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Eye-bright Fennel Vervain the greater Celandine each one handful of Liquorish rasped and Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one Ounce of the Seeds of Anise and Fennel each three Drams of Senna cleansed two Ounces of Gummy Turbith and Agarick newly trochiscated each two Drams of Ginger and Cloves each one Scruple of the Flowers of Stâ—chas Rosemary and Lavender each one pugil boil them in fountain-Fountain-water to a Pint strain it and dissolve in it four Ounces of White Sugar make an Apozem for four Doses to be taken in the Morning Clarifie it and Aromatize it with two Drams of Cinnamon When all the Apozem is taken give the following Pills Take of the Pill Coch. minor two Scruples make six Pills to be taken early in the Morning Universal Evacuation being thus performed Revulsion of the antecedent cause is to be made and the conjunct cause is to be discussed and
to the Cornea and produces various Diseases in it viz. Ulcers Hypopyon Albugo and others and Pustles and other Tumours and Wounds and Ulcers are common to both Tunicks So that all the Diseases of these Tunicks cannot be treated of a part and therefore we are forced to enter upon the Diseases of the Tunica adnata before we treat further of the Diseases of the Cornea Therefore beginning from an Ophthalmia which according to the Signification of the Word is nothing but an Inflammation of the Eye and is called in English Blearedness of the Eyes The conjunct Cause of an Ophthalmia is Cholerick Flegmatick or Melancholy Blood flowing into the Eyes or accumulated there There are many Causes of Fluxion both External and Internal The Causes of Congestion are all those things which occasion an Intempâ—ries or Weakness in the Eyes The Diagnostick of an Ophthalmia is easie for the Blood pour'd upon the Tunica adnata may be perceived by the Eyes if it be occasioned by Blood the whole Face as well as the Tunica adnata will look red and the Veins will appear large If it proceed from Cholerick Blood the Acrimony of the Tears will corrode the Angles of the Eyes and the Cheeks and there will be a violent pricking Pain If it proceed from Flegm theâ— will be a dull Pain and little Heat the Tears will not be sharp but the Eye will be much blear'd and full of viscous Matter If it proceed from Melancholy the Tumour will be small and the redness will incline to a brown Colour the Tears few and the clammy Matteâ— little but thick If the Fluxion arise from the inward Parts of the Head there will be a Head-ach that reaches to the Roots of the Eyes But if the Fluxion pass by the outward Vessels into the Eyes the Pain of the Head is more external the Veins of the Forehead are distended and a Pulsation is perceived in the Temples In order to the Cure of an Ophthalmia a cooling and moistening Diet must be appointed and such Meats as easily digest and rather boiled than roasted Spoon Meats rather than solid the Patient must avoid Acrid Salt and Pepper'd Meats and such as fill the Head with Vapours Milk Sugar and all sweet things must be avoided Wine is not good in the beginning but instead of it a Ptisan of Liquorice and Barly or some other cooling Liquor must be used Sleep is very beneficial because the Motion of the Eye then ceases whereby the Pain and Fluxion are excited the Sick should lie with his Head high on the well side All Motion of the Body must be forbid and Talking and the Belly must be kept open The Patient must keep himself free from Passions especially from Anger The Air must be temperate and pure and free from Smoak Dust and Winds and the Room must be darkned and the Eye must be covered with Black Green or Sky-coloured Cloth the well Eye must be also covered because when that moves to view an object the other is also moved The Course of Diet being thus appointed the external Causes from whence it most commonly arises must be removed A Collyrium must be presently prepared made of Rose and Plantane-water the white of an Egg and of Womans Milk and let it be dropp'd into the Eyes often in a Day and a Rag dipp'd in it must be applied over at the same time Sleep must be indulged as much as may be for it much furthers the Concocting or discussing of the Morbifick Matter If the Disease be not taken off with these things Remedies for a true Ophthalmia are to be used in the following manner A Clyster must be first injected and Blood must be drawn from the Part opposite to the Part affected and Bleeding must be repeated till a sufficient Evacuation and Revulsion are made for this Disease has been often cured by Bleeding alone but respect must be had to the Age the Sex and Constitution of the Sick and in those that have had some accustomed Evacuation suppressed as of the Courses or Hemorrhoids the inferior Veins must be opened or Leeches must be applied to the Hemorrhoids But after a sufficient Evacuation of Blood has made by Vene-section Revulsion must be also undertaken by applying Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification to the Back and Shoulders Frictions and Ligatures are also used to the Inferior Parts and to the foresaid Revulsions Derivation is to be joined which is made by opening the Veins of the Forehead and Temples and in the Angle of the Eye some apply Leeches to the Temples or behind the Ears all which kinds of Derivation are very useful after sufficient Evacuations Galen commends the opening of the Arteries of the Temples when the Ophthalmia proceeds from very hot and boiling Blood And though this kind of Remedy is seldom used in our Age yet it is very beneficial and without danger for in those lesser Arteries by Ligature only the Blood may be stopp'd Blisters are also of good use applied to the Neck and behind the Ears and after Bleeding has been sufficiently used Purging must be ordered that the hot Humours may be evacuated but you must Purge with gentle Medicines and such as cool the Blood as Take of Tamarinds half an ounce of Sena two drams of Rhubarb one dram and an half infuse them in Fountain Water To three Ounces of the strained Liquor add of Manna and of Syrup of Roses solutive each an ounce Make a Potion to be taken in the Morning or the following Bolus may be used Take of Cassia newly extracted six drams double Catholicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram with a sufficient quantity of Sugar make a Bolus In a Flegmatick Ophthalmia Pills are frequently prescribed as Pills of Agarick and the like which although they be very proper when the Disease is at its height yet in the beginning it is better to let them alone lest the Humours being put in a Commotion by the sharpness of the Medicine may cause a greater fluxion upon the Part. Neither is one Purge sufficient but they must be frequently repeated if the Disease prove tedious convenient preparations being premised as Apozems and Juleps proper for the peccant Humour In the first place the heat of the Humours is to be temperated from the beginning of the Disease by refrigerating and thickning Juleps or with an Emulsion of the four greater cold Seeds Lettice and white Poppy Seed made with some cooling Decoction to which may be added Rose-water Universal Evacuations and Revulsions being premised Topicks are to take place and such as are repelling from the beginning ought to be used Nevertheless the more rational Practitioners do advise not to apply repelling Collyriums at the beginning of the Disease Because for the most part they six the Humour that slows upon the Part and so augment the pain and inflamation Galen does censure an Oculist because he proposed repelling Medicines to be used at the beginning of an inflamation Nevertheless astringent
is very hardly cured and there is Danger least it should turn to a Cancer That which is seated below or in the Middle of the Nostrils is easier cured than that which grows at the Root of the Nose because Medicines can scarce reach thither Both of them are to be cured the same Way viz. The superfluous Flesh must be taken off But first the antecedent Cause must be removed which is a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Head To this End an attenuating Course of Diet must be ordered and universal Evacuations Revulsion and Derivation Afterwards the superfluous Flesh must be taken off either by a caustick or by an Instrument and the Ulcer remaining must be cicatrized But at the Beginning when the Disease is fresh it is sometimes cured by astringent and very drying Medicines and such gentle Means are always to be used before you proceed to greater Take of unripe Grapes three Pounds of the Bark of Pomegranate of Balaustins and Sumach each two Pounds infuse them in Vinegar and distil them then add of Allum a Pound of Vitriol three Ounces distil them all again and touch the inward parts of the Nostrils frequently with the Water If this is not sufficient more powerful things must be used and you must add Sandarach and Orpiment to the foregoing Water or the Polypus must be frequently touched with Spirit of Vitriol tempered with Plantane Water But red Precipitat often washed is reckoned the best Medicine It may be mixt with Honey of Roses and applyed with a Tent dipt in it Plaisters are also used in this Case Take of Verdigrease Orpiment Vitriol Crude-alum each one Ounce and an half of Antimony six Drams infuse them in Vinegar and then powder them very fine when they are dry infuse them and powder them eight Times more then lastly infuse them in Plantane Water and dry them afterwards take of Oyl of Roses four Ounces of Thithargo two ounces mix them and boyl them and towards the End two Ounces of the foresaid Powder boyl it to a sticking Plaister and make Tents of it to be put up the Nostrils Note That before the Use of Causticks the Nostrils must be defended by Galen's cooling Oyntment or with Populeum or with the White of an Egg mixt with the Oyl of Roses or the like Secondly you must take Notice that caustick Medicines must be conveyed through a Silver Pipe which must incompass the Polypus so that the Medicine may work and not touch the Nostrils Thirdly you must take Notice that such Medicines must be used when the Moon is waneing for then the Tumour is much diminished and so the Medicine may the easier reach the Root of it Lastly if it cannot be cured by Medicines you must proceed to Chirurgical Operation which is described by Cornelius Celsus and by late Authors CHAP. XXXVIII Of the Loss of Smelling and other Faults of it SMelling as all the other Actions of the Body is hurt three Ways it is either diminished abolished or depraved The Cause of Smelling diminished and abolished are the same they only differ in Degree they are Intemperies Obstruction and Compression A cold and moist intemperies joyned with Flegmatick Matter lessens Smelling or quite abolishes it upon which Account in a Catarrh and Coryza the Sense of Smelling is frequently lessened or wholly destroyed Obstruction is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour which stops the Passages of the Nostrils and the Pores of the Mamillary Processes so that Smells cannot come to them it may also be occasioned by a Sarcoma Polypus or any thing else that stops the Passages of the Nostrils A Compression also sometimes may happen from a Flegmatick Humour collected in the fore part of the Brain compressing the Mamillary Processes as happens in Diminution of the Sight by compressing of the Optick Nerves It also may happen from a natural Defect in the Confirmation of the Nostrils as when the Nostrils are so narrow and low that there is not a free Passage The Cause of depraved smelling is a bad Savour continually striking upon the Nostrils which either proceeds from an Ulcer of the Nostrils or from putrid Flegm gathered together about the Nostrils or the Os Ethmoides For that Flegm that putrifies in the Sense of Smelling or near it betwixt the Coats of the Brain does not affect the Sense it self nor those that labour under it but any one that sits near them will easily find it out for nothing can be smelt but what is carried to the Sense from some other Place A nasty and stinking Vapour may be carried to the Processus Mamillares from other Parts as from the Stomach Gums and the Brain it self that spoil the Sense of Smelling so that all Savours are thought to be such even as the Tongue being disordered by bitter Choler tasts all things bitter Any of these Causes are easily known a cold Intemperies and Abundance of Flegm are known by a cold and moist Intemperies of the Brain and a slimy Flegm dropping from the Head An Obstruction if it be occasioned by Flegm is known by the same Signs If it proceeds from a Sarcoma or a Polypus the Diagnostick is to be taken from their proper Chapters The Place wherein the Matter causing the Obstruction resides is known from this If it sticks in the Passages of the Nostrils there is a Defect of the Speech because the Nostrils do greatly contribute to the forming of Words But if the Matter stick in the fore part of the Brain or the Mamillary Passages the Speech will be perfect You may know by the peculiar Diseases of each Part from whence the ill Scent arises that offends the Organ of Smelling As to the Prognostick Smelling if it be lately lost or if it arises from a simple Coriza may be easily cured The cure must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes if it arise from a cold Intemperies those things are proper which are used for a cold Catarrh But to open an Obstruction occasioned by Flegm thrust into the Passages of the Nostrils or into the Mamillary Processes such Remedies are to be used as purge those Parts viz. Errhins Sneazing-Powders and Apoplegmatisms Lastly If the Nostrils are obstructed by a Sarcoma or Polypus it must be cured by the removing of them CHAP. XXXIX Of an ill Scent in the Nostrils AN ill Scent in the Nostrils and a stinking Breath are very different for that comes wholly from the Nostrils but this from various Parts viz. From the Stomach Lungs Gums or from Ulcers in the Jaws which are either apparent to Sense or may be known by their proper Signs But an ill Scent in the Nose is occasioned by putrid Vapours arising either from the Nostrils as in an Ozena a Sarcoma or Polypus or from Air transmitted to the Nostrils from putrid Humours contained in the Brain and in rhe fore Part of it or about the Mamillary Processes or Os Cribrasum But Flegmatick Humours putrifie in the said Parts when they are retained in
them beyond Measure especially if there be also a hot and moist Intemperies of the Brain they are retained by reason of an Obstruction of those Parts or too great an Oppression of them as in those that are flat-nosed The Disease of the Nose occasioning such a Stink may be known by its proper Signs But if there be no such Disease in the Nostrils we may conjecture that it arises from a putrid Humour contained in the Brain or Mamillary Processes or in the Os cribrosum The Prognostick of an ill Scent in the Nostrils which is occasioned by an Ulcer Polypus or Sarcoma depends on the Prognostick of them But that ill Scent which proceeds from Corrupt Humours contained in the fore part of the Head if it be lately come may be easily cured if it be inveterate it is incureable especially if it come from an ill Confirmation of the Nostrils as in such as are flat-Nosed The Cure is performed by taking away the Causes and by moderating the Symptoms The Cure of an Ulcer Sarcoma and Polypus are mentioned above but a putrid Humour contained in the Brain Mamillary Processes or in the Os Ethmoides must be carried off by Purging and Cleansing And first universal Evacuations are to be ordered which free the whole Body and the Brain from Flegmatick Excrements and if there be abundance of Humours a Sudorifick Diet-drink must be also ordered afterwards cleansing Errhins must be prescribed to remove the conjunct Matter And first Whitewine wherein Centaury has been infused must be put into the Hand and snuft up Morning and Evening or the Juice of Beet drawn with Marjoraâ— Water may be used but the following is more Powerful Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris half a Dram oâ— white Hellebore and long Pepper each half a Scruple of the Seeds of Anise and of dried Marjoram powdered each one Scruple of the Oyls of Nard Wall-flower and Violets each as much as is sufficient Make a soft Oyntment wherewith anoint the Top of the little Finger and anoint the Nostrils within or a Tent besmeared with the Oyntment may be applied Lastly To palliate the ill Stink sweet-smelling things may be often drawn up the Nostrils as an Infusion of Nutmegs in fragrant Wine Angelica Water and the like CHAP. XL. Of a Coryza COryza is a sort of Catarrh wherein the Fluxion falls on the Nostrils it 's easily known by the abundance of Moisture that is evacuated by the Nostrils 't is commonly call'd a Cold or Stoppage in the Head It requires the same Method of Cure as is used for a Catarrh but in this Case you must not use Errhins least they should draw Humours to the Part affected Masticatories and Apoplegmatisms may be prescribed after general Evacuation and some-things are reckned peculiarly proper for this Disease as the Vapour of a Decoction of Marjoram received into the Nostrils or of Vinegar wherein red Roses have been infused the Venegar being poured upon red hot Iron if it be occasion'd by a very cold Fluxion the Fumes of Frankincense cast upon live Coals corrects the cold Intemperies of the Brain and dries up the Superfluous Moisture CHAP. XLI Of Sneezing THo Sneezing often happens in Health and is generally so small a thing that it scarce deserves the Name of a Symptom yet sometimes 't is so very troublesome that it requires Medicines and the Physicians help and the ancient Custom of saying God bless you upon sneezing shews that some time or other it has proved dangerous some say 't was an Epidemical Disease in the Time of Gregory the Great and that the Sick died sneezing As to the Prognostick 't is of it self without Danger but 't is very injurious at the Beginning of a Catarrh or Coryza and in Feavers when it is frequent it sometimes occasions bleeding at the Nose but most commonly it does good by expelling Superfluities from the Brain When Sneezing is injurious as in a Plurisie Peripneumonia and the like or when it becomes a Disease the Cure must be undertaken by Revulsions and Evacuations and if by Reason of a hot Intemperies of the Brain or of any other Part sharp Vapours are transmitted to the Nostrils Bleeding must be used and proper Purges and to qualifie the Acrimony and to asswage the Irritation of the Nostrils it will be proper to snuff up warm Milk into the Nose or to anoint the Nostrils wlth Oyl of Violets or of sweet Almonds or with fresh Butter CHAP. XLII Of Bleeding at the Nose or Spitting of Blood BLeeding at the Nose comes at any Time of the Year and seises chiefly those that are of a weakly Constitution and have hot Blood and oftner when they are in Years than when they are Young at first there are some Signs of a Feaver which goes off by bleeding at the Nose but a Pain and a Heat in the fore part of the Head remains the Blood flows for some Hours then stops a while and afterwards breaks out again and so it does by turns till at length it is quite stop'd either by the use of Remedies or of its own accord by reason the Quantity is diminished but the Sick is in danger of a Relapse yearly either upon drinking of Spirituous Liquors or from being over-heated upon any other account In order to the Cure I endeavour to qualifie the Head and Ebullition of the Blood upon which account the preternatural Extravasation arises Wherefore I bleed often in the Arm and take away a large Quantity of Blood I order a cooling and thickning Course of Diet as three parts of Fountain Water and one of Milk boil'd together and drank cold roasted Apples Barly-broths and the like forbidding the use oâ— Flesh I also prescribe thickning and cooling Juleps and Emulsions and the like Take of the clarified Juices of Plantane and Nettles each six Ounces of the Aqua Lactis Alexiteria four Ounces of Cinnamon Water hordeated three Ounces of white-Sugar a sufficient Quantity mingle them make a Julep let him take four Ounces in the Morning and at four in the Afternoon and so daily for three Days following Take of the Waters of Plantane and of Cinnamon hordeated each four Ounces of distill'd Vinegar half an Ounce of true Bole and of Dragon's Blood each half a Dram of London Laudanum three grains of Syrup of Myrtles one ounce and an half mix them make a Julep let him take five or six Spoonfuls every Night at Bed-time Take of the Syrup of Juice of Nettles four ounces give half an ounce in his Liquor every time he drinks and he may drink of Tincture of Roses every time he drinks Take of the Seeds of Henbane and of white Poppies each half a dram of Sugar of Roses three drams of Syrup of Comfry a sufficient quantity make an Electuary give the quantity of a small Nutmeg twice a day and let him drink a draught of Tincture of Roses presently after it Or Take of the four greater cold Seeds each one dram and an half of
Sweet Almonds two pair of the Seeds of white Poppies two drams Plantane-water eight ounces of red-poppy-Red-Poppy-water four ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated one ounce and an half make an Emulsion to which add three drams of pearled Sugar and half an ounce of the Juice of Citron mingle them give four ounces thrice a day I order that the Sick should keep from Bed daily for some time and that a gentle cooling Glister be injected every day and a Paregorick Draught to be taken at Bed-time But because sharp Humours often accompany such Hemorragies besides Cooling and Revulsion I order gentle Purging even when the Disease is at height and when it has done Working I give an Anodyn that is stronger than usual and when the Symptom is quite abated I give another Purge As to External Applications Rags four times doubled and dipt in cold Water wherein Sal Prunella has been dissolved and gently press'd out may be applied often in a day to the Neck and after general Evacuations the following Liquor may be applied Take of Hungarian Vitriol and of Alum each one ounce of the Flegm of Vitriol half a pint boil them till all are dissolved filter the Liquor when it is cold and separate it from the Cristals that sometimes arise to the remaining Liquor add a twelfth part of Oyl of Vitriol dip a Tent in this Liquor and put it up the Nostril from whence the Blood flows and leave it there two days Rags dipt in this Liquor and applied stop Blood in any external part A Spitting of Blood which I shall now treat of seises Weakly People of a hot Constitution whose Lungs are weak it happens chiefly to young People in the Spring or Summer-time It must be cured much the same way as the Bleeding at the Nose only Purging must not be used often for if it be the Sick will quickly fall into a Consumption Take of Lucatellus's Balsam one dram of true Bole one scruple mingle them and give it Morning and Evening with a draught of the Traumatick Decoction Take of plantane-Plantane-water two ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated one ounce of distill'd Vinegar half an ounce of red Coral prepared half a dram of Dragons Blood half a scruple of London Laudanum two grains of Syrup of Myrtles one ounce mingle them give a Spoonful every hour till the Blood stops Or Take of Tincture of Roses one pint of Comfry one ounce and an half mingle them give a draught every fourth hour Or Take of Conserve of red Roses and of Comfry each three drams of Cutle-bone finely powdred two drams of Crabs Eyes one scruple boil them in half a pint of Milk to four ounces let him eat and drink all Or Take of the Lohoch of Purslain one ounce and an half give three drams every fourth hour And lastly Bleeding frequently used a Glister every day injected and Diacodium taken every Night at going to Bed and also a Diet and Medicines that thickens and cools will perfect the Cure Of Diseases of the TONGUE CHAP. XLIII Of an Inflammation of the Tongue and other Tumours of it AS all parts of the Body especially such as are fleshy are wont to be inflamed so also is the Tongue sometimes by reason of Blood flowing into it and as it is Pure Cholerick Flegmatick or Melancholly it occasions either a Flegmon or an Erysipelas an Oedema or a Scirrhus and sometimes it ends in Suppuration whereof Forestus mentions an Observation of a Brewer who had a great Inflammation of the Tongue which Suppurated But most commonly the Swelling of the Tongue is soft and loose and purely Oedematous of which Galen proposes an Example of a Man whose Tongue was so tumified that it could not be contained in his Mouth And sometimes also the Tongue grows excessively big when there is no Oedema no Scirrhus nor any other kind of Tumour and without any kind of Pain and is only an increase proceeding from too great Nourishment of the part The Diagnostick of these Tumours is not difficult for they may be seen but the differences of them may be so distinguish'd if there be an Inflammation Pain and Heat and Redness attend it and the Face is also affected therewith but if the Swelling proceed from Flegm the Tongue is white and much Flegm flows out which tasts sweet and insipid But if it be only an increase of the Tongue there are no signs of other Tumours or ill Humours As to the Prognostick Tumours of the Tongue for the most part do not endanger Life unless they grow so great that Suffocation should be feared from thence or take their rise from some Malignant Humour which may generate a Cancer which is known by Hardness pricking Pain and a livid Colour The Cure of an Inflammation of the Tongue must be begun with such things as cause a Revulsion and with repelling Medicines And then first a loosening Glister must be injected and a large quantity of Blood must be taken away presently after Cupping-glasses with Scarrification must be applied to the Shoulders afterwards cooling and repelling Gargarisms must be used Galen commends the Juice of Lettice wherewith the Tongue must be washed or a Gargarism may be prepared of a Decoction of Plantane Nightshade of Syrup of dried Roses After Bleeding Purging may be prescribed with a Medicine made of Cholagogs and Flegmagogs The Fluxion being stopt by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation the Derivation of the Humour stuft into the Tongue must be endeavoured to which end the Veins under the Tongue must be opened But if it cannot be done by reason of the bigness of the Tongue a Cupping-glass with Scarification must be applied under the Chin. If the Tumour tends to Suppuration it must be promoted by applying a Fig cut in the middle which must be frequently changed or by a Gargarism made of a Decoction of Barly Mallows Violets Figs Raisins of the Sun of the Seeds of Quinces and Fenugreek adding to them Syrup of Violets and of Jujubs Suppuration being made if the Abscess does not break of it self let it be opened with a Knife and the Ulcer must be presently cleansed with a Decoction of Barly Agrimony and Plantane with Honey of Roses But a soft and loose Tumour arising from Flegm is cured first by Revulsion made by Bleeding if the Sick abound with Blood afterwards some strong Purge must be given as is the Pill Coch minor But if the Sick cannot take Pills a strong Purging Potion must be used After these Evacuations cooling and repelling Medicines must be applied at the beginning The Tongue may be washed with the Juices of Lemons Pomegranates Sorrel of Plantane or with Simple Oxymel to which may be added in the increase of the Disease a little Ginger Sal Gemma or Sal Armoniack Zacutus Lusitanus in a very dangerous case when Suffocation was feared by reason of the bigness of the Tongue applied four Leeches to it and soon after a great quantity of Blood was evacuated and the Tongue asswaged The same
mean while he is sometimes bound in his Body and sometimes too loose the Stools being frequent and very liquid it sometimes happens when the Disease is very high and Bleeding has not been used the Patient is not able to Cough but labouring under a great difficulty of breathing is in a manner suffocated by the Violence of the Inflammation which is sometimes so very great that he can't open his Breast large enough for Respiration without exquisite Pain And sometimes after a violent Inflammation and when Bleeding has been ommitted which ought to have been used at the Beginning of the Disease an Imposthume is presently occasioned and the Cavity of the Breast is filled with Matter in which case tho the Original Feaver either wholly ceases or is at least lessened yet the Patient is not out of Danger for an Empyema or an Hectick Feaver following the Poor Wretch dies Consumptive But now though a Pleurisie commonly takes its rise from the proper and specifick Inflammation of the Blood which is wont to produce it when it is an Original Disease Yet it comes sometimes accidentally upon other Feavers of what kind soever they be from a Precipitation of the Febrile Matter upon the Pleura or intercostal Muscles and it happens for the most Part at the very beginning of the Feaver the Febrile Matter being as yet crude and not subdued by a fit Ebullition and so not prepared for a due Separation but this Inconvenience most commonly arises from an unseasonable and preposterous use of hot Medicines For Nature being disturbed by this means is forced to expel the Humour as yet crude by any Way and so sometimes the Feaverish Matter is impetuously cast upon the Meninges of the Brain and then a Frenzy is occasioned and sometimes upon the Membrane covering the Ribs and from thence a Pleurisie arises especially when the Age and Temperament of the Patient and the Season of the Year betwixt Spring and Summer contribute to it For certainly at that Season Feavers are prone to turn to Pleurisies Though this Disease has an ill Name and is of it self more dangerous than any other yet if it be well managed it is easily cured and indeed as certainly as other Diseases As to the Cure as soon as I am called I order that ten ounces of Blood be taken away from the Arm of the Side affected and afterwards I prescribe the following Potion to be taken presently after Bleeding Take of Erratick poppy-Poppy-water four Ounces of Sal Prunella one dram of Syrup of Violets one ounce mingle them make a Draught At the same time I prescribe the following Emulsion Take of sweet Almonds number seven of the Seeds of Melons and Pompions each half an ounce of the Seeds of white Poppies two drams beat them together in a marble Mortar pouring gently upon them a Pint and an half of Barley-water of rose-Rose-water two drams of Sugar-candy half an ounce mingle them make an Emulsion give four ounces every fourth Hour I also order Pectorals to be taken frequently For instance Take of the Pectoral Decoction a quart of Syrup of Violets and Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half mingle them make an Apozem let him take half a pint thrice a day Take of the Oyl of Sweet-Almonds two Ounces of Syrup of Violets and Maiden-hair each one ounce of Sugar-candy half a dram mingle them make a Linctus of which let the Patient lick often in a day Oyl of Almonds by it self or Oyl of Flax-seeds is often used with good Success As to Diet I forbid the use of all Flesh and all Broths of it though never so thin I advise that the Patient be fed with Oaten and Barly-Broths and Panada and let him drink of a Ptysan made of Barly-water with the Roots of Sorrel and Liquorish and the like and sometimes Small-beer Moreover I prescribe the following Oyntment Take of the Oyl of Sweet-Almonds two ounces of the Oyntment of Marsh-mallows and Pomatum each one ounce mingle them make a Liniment with which anoint the affected side Morning and Evening applying upon it a Cabbage-leaf I also order he should persist in the use of the said Remedies through the whole Course of the Disease Of the same day I am first called if the Pain be very violent I take away again the same quantity of Blood or else the day following and so the third day and after this manner four times one day after another unless the Patient be well before when the Pain and other Symptoms rage violently but if the Disease being more moderate and less dangerous permits me to proceed more gently or if the Patient being weak cannot well bear Bleeding so often I do not repeat it again after it has been twice used till a day or two be past betwixt each Bleeding I have seldom observed that a confirmed Pleurisie has been cured in grown People with less than the loss of forty Ounces of Blood or thereabout though in Children once or twice Bleeding is most commonly sufficient nor does the Diarhea which sometimes comes upon this Disease hinder the foresaid repeated Bleeding for indeed it may be soon stopt by this very Method without any Astringent Medicine But I either wholly omit Glisters or take care that they be injected at as great a distance as may be betwixt the Bleedings and they should be only made of Milk and Sugar All the time of the Disease I take care that the Patient be not over-heated and therefore I give leave that he be taken every day out of his Bed and that he keep up some hours according to his Strength which is of so great moment in this kind of Disease that if the Patient be kept continually in Bed neither this so large Evacuation of Blood nor other Remedies how cooling soever will sometimes do any good for the taking off the said Symptoms Presently after the last Bleeding unless perchance it happens before that all the Symptoms abate and that the Patient who has been kept hitherto for some days from all Spirituous Liquors and Strong Nourishment soon recovers his Strength it will be convenient to give a gentle Purge But now if any one should say That proceeding in this way we scarce touch upon Expectoration so far are we from discoursing largely of the ways by which it is to be promoted through the various Seasons of the Disease he is to know that these things were not unwarily past over But after good consideration designedly neglected for I always thought that they were in very great danger who committed the Cure of this Disease to Expectoration for it often happens that part of the Morbifick Matter being concocted and perhaps spit up the rest remains crude the best maturating and expectorating Medicines having been used in vain for sometimes the Expectoration goes on very well and sometimes is wholly suppressed The Patient in the mean while being in Jeopardy on every hand and for any power I have over Expectoration which indeed is
be strong enough large Bleeding is convenient at the very beginning but otherwise let it be used in a small quantity which however may be repeated as occasion offers it self It is to be noted that Blood drawn in a Peripneumonia and also in a Pleurisie after it 's cold contains in its Superficies a small viscous and discoloured Film Moreover we may observe one while the Blood entirely bad another while only part of it is subject to this change for when the Blood is received in three or four Dishes sometimes in all but oftner in the second and third Dish it is apparently bad and in the first and last good enough Wherefore it is commonly ordered that the Blood is always to run so long till that which is so depraved begins to come forth and if there be sufficient Strength the flowing out is to be continued till it runs good again Indeed as frequent Experience does approve of this Practice so doth Reason it self for in this Disease seeing the whole Mass of Blood does not presently acquire that Clamminess the depraved Portions are chiefly accumulated about the place of the Obstruction and adhere on every side in the lesser Vessels wherefore the Blood first flowing out by Phlebotomy is often good Afterwards the Vessels being emptied receive the other Morbifick Stagnating before and restore it to Circulation and when Portions of it placed near troop together to the Orifice of the Vein they flow out together and after that the corrupted Blood hath flowed out the residue more pure doth succeed Wherefore in this case let Incision be ever made with a large Orifice and let the Blood be drawn out with a large and continued Stream for otherwise if in the midst of Bleeding the bad Blood issuing out the Orifice as the Manner of some is that the Spirits should not faint be closed with the Finger when it is opened again the pure Blood will flow next but the bad sliding by if there be any remaining will not presently return to that Orifice Besides Phlebotomy many other Remedies namely whatever does repress that Urgency of Blood and empty the Passages thereof are to be used wherefore a very thin Diet is prescribed for the most part meerly of Barley and Oats and though Catharticks are altogether prohibited because they disquiet the Blood and hurry it impetuously upon the Part affected yet Glisters which gently loosen the Belly and draw the Impurities of the Blood towards the Belly ought to be daily used Moreover Juleps and temperating Apozems which restrain the Feaver of the Blood and evacuate the Superfluous Sorosities of it and gently open the Passages of the Breast are used with good Success The third Intention of Healing which respects the taking off the Clamminess or Obstructing Viscosity of the Blood is wholly to be performed by Remedies which unloose the Frame thereof too much bound and dissolve the Combinations of the Salts as testaceous Powders the Tooth of a Boar the Jaws of a Pike and other things indued with an Alkali Salt also Sal-prunella I have frequently known the Spirit of Sal-Armoniack and Harts-horn to have yielded notable Relief in this Disease and the Infusion of Horse-dung by reason of its volatile Salt is of great use though it be a common Remedy As to the Symptoms and their Cure very many Remedies appropriated to these fall in together with the former for against the Feaver the same Juleps and Apozems which appease the Heat of the Blood and withall recreate the Animal Spirits are to be used to which in respect of the Cough and Difficulty of breathing temperate pectoral Remedies are added The greatest Difficulty is what ought to be exhibited against want of Sleep when it is very urgent for Opiats because they further the Difficulty of breathing in this Disease are scarce safely taken yea sometimes they are very pernicious wherefore Laudanum and the strong Preparations of Opium are to be shunned in a Peripneumonia more than a Dog or a Snake Nevertheless Anodyns and gentle Hypnoticks as Water and Syrup of Red Poppies are not only allowed but are accounted Specifick Remedies in this Disease and in a Pleurisie and sometimes it will be expedient to use Diacodiats if the Strength be sufficient and the Pulse strong enough for the Pain of the Breast if at any time it be troublesome it is necessary to apply Liniments Fomentations and Cataplasms The second curative Indication which intends the Digestion of the Matter impacted in the Lungs if it cannot be dispersed or resorbed and to throw it up by Spittle requires ordinary maturating and expectorating Medicines that are temperate such as asswage Thirst and appease the Feaverish Heat The more select Remedies that are chiefly accommodated to this Disease shall be now mentioned The Medicines conducing to the first and second Intention are prescribed according to the following Forms Take of the Waters of Maries Thistle ten ounces of red Poppies three ounces of the Syrup of red Poppies one ounce of Pearls prepared one dram make a Julep The Dose is six Spoonfuls every fourth Hour Take of Black Cherry Water of the Water of Carduus Benedictus and of Baulm each four ounces of the Powder of Boars Tooth one dram of Syrup of Violets ten drams make a Julep to be taken after the same manner Take of Grass-roots three ounces Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn each three drams Raisons stoned one ounce and an half Liquorish two drams boil them in Spring Water from three Pints to two to the strained Liquor add Syrup of Violets one ounce Sal-prunella one dram make an Apozem Take three or four ounces thrice a Day For the same Intention viz. that the Vessels being emptied may substract the Nourishment of the Disease or resorbe the morbifick Matter Purging is prescribed by many The Ancients in this Disease as in many other used after Phlebotomy Preparatives and Purgatives in a constant Course and of late the Chymists with greater Boldness give Vomits and prefer them before all other Remedies in Peripneumonia yea neglecting or forbidding Bleeding they chiefly depend on Stibiate Vomits but I think there cannot be a more pernicious Course for though sometimes they do no hurt in rustick and robust Bodies yet they are without Success but in tender Constitutions they are in a manner as destructive as Poison But as to Purging though it may not be convenient at the very Beginning for indeed it 's then most commonly injurious yet the Fluxion of the Morbifick Matter being stopt and the Effervescence of the Blood being appeased we may safely evacuate the Body with a lenitive Purge Take of the Decoction of Senna gerionis four ounces of Syrup of Roses solutive one ounce mingle them make a Potion Or Take of the best Senna three drams of all the Cassia and Tamarinds each half an ounce of Coriander Seeds two drams let them be boiled in a sufficient Quantity of Fountain Water to six ounces when it is strained add one ounce of
Phlebotomy and then continuing the same Remedies he recovered in four or five Days the Blood we took from him was always in the Superficies viscous and discoloured A certain Gentleman of a Sanguine Complexion and of a strong Habit of Body after immoderate drinking of Wine fell into a Feaver with a grievous Peripneumonia so that Heat and Thirst mightily afflicting him sitting always upright in his Bed or Chair and breathing short and very frequent he could scarce draw in Air enough to sustain the vital Flame because he could not undergo large Bleeding I took it away by degrees twice or thrice day after day Glisters were often injected Moreover Apozems and Juleps also Spirit of Sal-armoniack and Testacious Powders were given by turns within four or five days the Feaver some what abated also he began to breath better and sometimes to sleep a little yet he did always complain of a great Heaviness of his Breast and of an intolerable Oppression of the Lungs wherefore when Bleeding was no longer safe I applied very large Blisters to the Arms and Thighs the Blisters on his Arms soon dried up but those on his Legs did not only remain open but after five or six days did run very much and afterwards almost for a Month daily discharged great Plenty of a sharp Ichor in the mean time his Lungs sensibly amended and at length were freed of their Burden Lastly The little Sores raised by the Blisters were difficultly cured and not without frequent Applications of Medicines CHAP. LVII Of a Bastard Peripneumonia A Feaver accompanied with many Peripneumonick Symptoms invades yearly about the beginning of Winter but oftner at the End of it it chiefly seizes those that are of a gross Habit of Body and middle aged or which oftner happens those that are older and too much addicted to Spirituous Liquors especially to Brandy for when the Blood in such Men has been burdened with Flegmatick Humours heapt up in the Winter and stirr'd into a new Motion by the approaching Spring a Cough is presently occasioned by this Means by which the said Flegmatick Humous rush upon the Lungs at which time if the Patient chance to live irregularly and continues to drink freely such spirituous Liquors the Matter growing almost thick which occasioned the Cough stops the Passages of the Lungs and the Feaver consumes the Mass of Blood At the beginning of the Feaver the Patient is sometimes hot and sometimes cold is giddy ond complains of a launcing Pain of his Head when the Cough is violent he vomits up all liquid things when he coughs and sometimes when he does not the Urin is turpid and very red the Blood taken away is like that of Pleuriticks he is often short breath'd If he cough his Head akes just as if it were cleft in Pieces for so the Patient terms it there is a Pain of the whole Breast or at least a Pressure of the Lungs which is perceived by the Standers by when the Patient coughs the Lungs not sufficiently dilating themselves the vital Passages are as it seems shut up by the Swelling and the Circulation on that Account is so intercepted and the Blood so stopt that there are no Signs of a Feaver though this may also happen by reason of the Plenty of the Flegmatick Matter by which the Blood is so burdened that it cannot rise to a perfect Ebullition especially in gross Bodies In curing this Feaver I count I am oblidged to take away that Blood by Phlebotomy which occasions the Suffocation and Inflammation of the Lungs and to ventilate and open the Lungs with Pectoral Remedies and to mitigate the Heat of the whole Body with a cooling Diet but whereas on the one hand the Heap of Flegmatick Matter contained in the Veins daily supplying Matter for the Inflammation of the Lungs may seem to indicate Bleeding often repeated yet on the other hand I found by the best Observation I could make that Bleeding often repeated has succeded very ill in Feavorish People of a gross Habit of Body especially if they have passed the Flower of their Age and therefore I forbore the Repetition of it and instead of it used frequent Purging which is well enough substituted for it in those that abhor large and often repeated Bleeding Therefore I proceeded after this manner I ordered that the Patient should be blooded in the Arm lying in Bed and that he should not rise till two or three Hours after for all Blood letting somewhat weakning and disordering the whole Body may by this means the easier be born for the Patient lying a Bed can better bear the taking away of ten ounces than of six or Seaven when he is up the next day I give the following Potion in the Morning Take of Cassia extracted one ounce of Liquorish two drams of fat Figs number four of the Leaves of Senna two drams and an half of Agarick trochiscated one dram boil them in a sufficient Quantity of Water in four ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Manna of Syrup of Roses solutive half an ounce mingle them make a Potion The next day I used to bleed a second time and the next day save one I order the Purging Potion above prescribed to be repeated and to be given every other day till the Patient is quite well when the Patient does not purge I advise him to use a pectoral Decoction and Oyl of sweet Almonds and the like I forbid the use of Flesh and the Broth of it but especially of all spirituous Liquors in the stead of which I allow him for his ordinary drink a Ptisan of Barley and Liquorish and small Beer if he desire it And indeed the Bastard Peripneumonia occasioned by a great deal of Flegmatick Filth heapt up in the Blood is to be cured by Bleeding repeated and by Purging Though this Bastard Peripneumonia is something like a dry Asthma both as to Difficulty of Breathing and some other Symptoms yet it is sufficiently distinguished from it for in this there are manifest Signs of a Feaver and Inflammation which never appear in that though in this kind they are much less and obscurer than those which accompany a true Peripneumonia But you must carefully observe that 't is by no means safe to forbid the drinking of Spirit of Wine and such Liquors all of a sudden when the Patient has been a while addicted to them but they must be left off Gradually for there is Danger of a Dropsie from an hasty and abrupt Change which ought to be observed in all Diseases that come on this Occasion and seeing there has been Mention made of Spirit of Wine I will say by the by that indeed it ought to be wished that they were either wholly prohibited or at least used for refreshing the Spirits and not for extinguishing them or that the internal use of them was wholly abdicated and that they should be only used by Surgeons in Fomentations to digest Ulcers or to be applied to
Burns in which Case they are better than any other Medicine yet found out for they defend the under Skin from Putrefaction and so soon perform the Cure not waiting for Digestion which requires a considerable Time if a Rag dipt in Spirit of Wine be presently applyed to the Part hurt with Scalding Water Gunpowder or the like and moistned with the foresaid Spirit now and then till the Pain from the Fire be quite gone and afterwards only twice a day CHAP. LVIII Of an Empyema AN Empyema is a Collection of Matter within the Cavity of the Breast whereby the Organs of Respiration are oppressed This Collection of Matter is occasioned either by a Pleurisie Peripneumonia or Angina suppurated and broken The Signs of an Empyema either shew it is coming or that it is already perfectly formed Of the former kind are these Diseases going before from whence this usually arises as a Pleurisie Peripneumonia and Angina and sometimes also a Bruise or Wound in the Breast and sometimes also other Diseases not well carried off from whence there will be a greater Suspicion of an Empyema if after a Week or two passed without plentiful Spitting Shaking and a Feaver and Faintness of the Spirits supervene and then after fourteen or twenty Days the Signs of a confirmed Empyema will appear viz. Difficulty of Breathing a Weight upon the Breast Fluctuation of the Matter an uneasiness from Motion Thirst and almost always a small Feaver Redness of the Cheeks Restlesness and Watching As to the Cure of an Empyema you must first consider whether the Signs of its being already made be certain or dubious in the former Case there is not much use of Medicines but the Body being well prepared we must presently open the Side wherefore if from a Pleurisie or a Peripneumonia not well cured or if by reason of Blood extravasated by a Blow a Fall or Wound a Fluctuation of Pus of Purulent or Bloody Matter be perceived and the Spittle lessened or none at all it is to no purpose to wast Time in using expectorating and maturating Medicines but having loosned the Belly and attemperated the Blood and Humours by Juleps Apozems and Anodyns an Aperrion must be undertaken either by the Knife or in tender and timerous People by applying a Caustick betwixt the sixth or seventh Vertebra and when the Eschar is made we must divide it gently with a Knife and pass the Knife gently into the Cavity of the Breast then having put in a Silver Pipe the Matter must be evacuated by degrees but it must be let out as hastily as the Strength of the Patient will permit for that which remains within will stink horridly in a few days to prevent which a cleaning and Traumatick Liquor must be injected with a Syringe twice or thrice a day It is not necessary to describe particularly the Manner of the Operation it being well known and often practiced by skilful Chirurgions and daily practiced After it is cut open and dressed as it ought to be there is little more to be done by the Physician An exact Course of Diet a frequent Loosning of the Belly so oft as there is Occasion by Glisters and also these Remedies which are Vulgarly called Traumatick which do hinder the Dissolution of the Blood and keeps the Seresities of it from falling upon the Breast to hurt it ought to be prescribed But if the Signs of this Disease are uncertain or altogether doubtful the Breast ought not to be opened too soon or rashly I have known some have their Breasts opened to no purpose when they have spit stinking Pus and they have also laboured under a Dyspnaea and a Difficulty of Breathing therefore when an Empyema is not evident by Pathognomick Signs Medicines such as are prescribed for the Cure of a Peripneumonia which help Expectoration and evacuate gently by Sweat and Urine ought to be used for some time If these do not any Good and the Empyema still remains or Augments then the Breast must be opened As to the Forms of the Medicines requisite for the Cure of an Empyema before Section the same Remedies which were prescribed for a Peripneumonia are to be used but after the opening of the Breast the following are chiefly to be used To prevent Fainting which may happen either in the Operation or after it the following Julep must be in Readiness and four or five Spoonfuls of it must be taken upon occasion Take of the Waters of Balm and Black Cherries each six ounces of Aqua-mirabilis one ounce of Pearl powdered one dram of Syrup of Gilly-flowers one ounce mingle them make a Julep The following Decoction must be taken twice or thrice in a day Take of the Leaves of Harts-tongue Speedwell Hemp Agrimony Colts-foot Mouse-ear Sanicle each one handful of the Roots of Madder and Chervil each one ounce of Barley half an ounce of red Cicers half an ounce Raisons of the Sun one ounce and an half boil them in two Quarts of fountain-Fountain-water till half is consumed sweeten it with Clarified Honey or with the Syrup of Mouse-ear as it is taken If there be no Feaver the following Pills may be used Take of the Powders of Crabs-eyes two drams of Flowers of Sulphur one dram of Sal-Prunella half a dram of the Species Diarrhodon-abbatis one Scruple of venice Turpentine washed a sufficient quantity make a Mass make small Pills take a Scruple or half a dram of them Morning and Evening or the Turpentine being omitted half a dram or two Scruples may be taken in the Form of a Powder twice a Day CHAP. LIX Of a Consumption A Phthysis in general is a Consumption of the Muscular Parts of the Body It is twofold either Original or Sympromatick There are two Species of the original Phthysis viz. Atrophia and a Consumption of the Lungs An Atrophia is twofold viz. Either Nervous or arising from Inanition A Symptomatick Phthysis is occasioned by other Diseases going before An Atrophy or Nervous Phthysis is a Consumption of the whole Body without any considerable Feaver Cough or difficulty of Breathing but loss of Appetite and Indigestion accompany it upon which account Faintness and a daily wasting of the Body follow This sort of Consumption sometimes happens in England but very often to the Inhabitants of Virginia when they return hither In the beginning of this Disease the Body appears Oedematous the Face Pale and Squalid and the Stomach nauseates every thing but Liquors and the Strength is so languid that the Sick before the Fleshy parts are evidently consumed is rendred so very Weak that he cannot keep from Bed the colour of the Urine is most commonly of a deep Red and very little in quantity though sometimetimes but rarely as it is wont to happen in Diseases of the Nerves it is pale and voided in a great quantity but no considerable Feaver can be discerned either by the Pulse Drouth or Heat how high-coloured soever the Urine is so that the Pathognomonick Signs
of this Consumption beginning are Faintness and want of Appetite without any notable Feaver Cough or short Breath though in progress of the Disease when the habit of the Body is wasted some difficulty of Breathing as is usual in all that are Faint may be perceived This Disease is very difficultly cured if the Physician be not made use of at first it ends in an Hydropical and Oedematous Tumour of the Body especially of the lower parts and then the Disease is past all hope The main of the business must be performed by Stomachick Medicines and such as strengthen the Nerves such are Chalybeats Antiscorbuticks and Cephalicks and bitter things of every kind For Instance Let the Sick take if his Body be bound four Ounces of the bitter Decoction with Senna and every fourth night two Ounces of Tinctura Sacra or of the Tinctura of Hiera Picra made in the Waters of Rue Black Cherries Compound Peony In his ordinary Drink hang a Bag of Cephalicks and Antiscorbuticks an hour before Dinner let him take half a Dram of Elixir Proprietatis in a Draught of Whitewine wherein Wormwood has been infused Apply to the Region of the Stomach the Magisterial Stomachick Plaister with a few drops of the Chymical Oyl of Cinnamon and Wormwood or foment the Stomach daily with Aromatick Bags made of the Leaves of Mint and Wormwood Cinnamon Mace Zedoary Galingal Cyperus and Sweet-smelling Flag and boil'd in Claret If it be Summer-time let him drink Chalybeat Waters if Winter Syrup of Steel or the Wine of it made by quenching Filings of Steel in good Whitewine three or four times then by infusing in it Zedoary Galingal Nutmegs sharp Cinnamon Mace Cubebs and Cloves grosly beaten But amongst Chalybeats Mynsichts extract is thought the best which must be given in the form of a Bole or of Pills for the space of twenty or thirty days For Instance Take of the Extract of Mynsicht half a scruple Balsam of Gilead seven drops of Haly's Powder six grains of the Compound Powder of Wake-Robin four grains of the Powder of Liquorish a sufficient quantity make Pills of an ordinary size repeat them every day once Opobalsamum by it self as also Spirit of Harts-horn and Spirit of Sal-armoniack are very effectual in this case because they are agreeable to the Nerves For Instance Let the Sick take eight or ten drops of Opobalsam or of Spirit of Harts-horn in a sufficient quantity of Sugar-candy Let him endeavour to make himself Chearful by Exercise and Company for this Disease most commonly proceeds from Care and Sorrow and let him live in a good and open Air And because the Stomach is chiefly affected in this Disease he must eat a delicate sort of Meat and not be too long accustomed to any one The Consumption that proceeds from Innanition is next to be discoursed of and first Of that which proceeds from an Hemorrhage whither by the Nostrils or from the Lungs by Coughing or from the Jaws by Hawking or from the Stomach by Vomit or from the Reins by Urine or from the Hemorrhoidal or Uterin Vessels in the customary monthly Purgation or from hard Labour or lastly from Wounds when there has been a great and long Flux of Blood In this case the Hemorrhage must be first stopt by thickning Remedies and by binding hard the extream parts and if there be occasion and the Sick have Strength Bleeding must be used frequently but sparingly you must apply if the part will admit of it Galen's Stiptick Plaister the Royal Stiptick Water Oxycrat cold Ink Ashes of Hair a little burnt in a Retort and with Vinegar made up in the form of a Cataplasm true Bole Dragons blood and the like and they must be often renewed Let the Sick take inwardly three or four times a day twenty or thirty drops or more of the Royal stiptick-Stiptick-water in a Draught of the milk-Milk-water and five or six Spoonfuls of the clarified Juices of Plantane and Nettles or let him take frequently in a Spoon the following Linctus Take of Syrup of Purslain three ounces of true Bole Dragons blood of the Troches of Spodium and of sealed Earth each two scruples of Japan Earth one dram of Gum-Tragacanth a sufficient quantity dissolved in plantane-Plantane-water mingle them make a Linctus Or let him take thrice a day the quantity of a Nutmeg of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of red Roses one ounce of the Troches of Ambar three drams of true Bole and of Dragons blood each half a dram with Syrup of Myrtles make an Electuary Let him take also every night at Bed-time five or six Spoonfuls of the following Julep shaking the Viol when he uses it Take of plantane-Plantane-water six ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated three ounces of distilled Vinegar half an ounce of true Bole and of Dragons blood each half a dram of London Laudanum three grains of Syrup of Myrtles one ounce and an half make a Julep The Flux of Blood being stopt we must endeavour by all means to raise the weak Blood with new and good Chyle and to extinguish the Febrile Flame if it be begun least a Consumption should follow wherefore the Sick must be frequently nourished with good Broths and variety of Meats that are full of Nourishment and of easie Digestion and pleasant to the Stomach but he must be sure to abstain from Wine and from things salted and spiced and because this sort of Sick and all other that are inclining to a Consumption are subject to Anger Sorrow Oppressions of the Hypochonders Hysterick Passions and want of Appetite upon which account they can neither eat plentifully nor digest well They must endeavour to recreate themselves and to take the Benefit of a wholsome and free Air which most commonly does more good than Medicines But if the Sick be Hectick the Peruvian bark given freely is of admirable Vertue and if there be occasion the Sick must use a Milk Diet or Chalybeat Waters but you must by no means Loosen the Body A Consumption also often arises from a simple Gonorrhaea and the Whites also from Imposthumes and large Ulcers and also from giving Suck from a Loosness and Dysentery from a Diabetes from Salivation a Dropsie violent Sweating and the like But a Consumption of the Lungs is the chief The Cause in general of it is an ill Disposition of the whole Mass of Blood and of the Nervous Spirit contracted by degrees by the various Procatarctick Causes whereby the Acrid and Malignant Serum of the Blood separated by the soft and glandulous Paranchyma of the Lungs stuffs and inflames them and at last causes Ulcers which is indeed the containing Cause of this Disease The Procatarctick Causes are first a Suppression of the usual and necessary Evacuations as of the Courses the Lochia of old Ulcers of Issues of Sweat by the Soles of the Feet and other parts of the Body and the like without correcting and removing the Causes on which they depend whereby the Blood
is vitiated Secondly Great Passions of the Mind especially Fear Sorrow Anger deep Thinking unseasonable and too hard Study and the like Thirdly Eating and Drinking too much and unseasonably especially Drinking too much of Wine and Spirituous Liquors Fourthly Neglect of due Exercise Fifthly Long Watching Sixthly Marshy and gross Air and Smoak of Coals Seventhly An Hereditary Disposition Eighthly An ill Conformation of the Breast Ninthly Contagion Tenthly Stones generated Preternaturally in the Lungs Eleventhly Particular Diseases which corrupt the Blood and Spirits By these and such-like Procatarctick Causes the Body being predisposed for a Consumption the Disease takes its rise immediately from taking Cold. For the Cure of an original Consumption of the Lungs Blood must be drawn from the Arm especially if the Sick be Plethorick or accustomed a long while to Blood-letting and let six seven eight or ten Ounces be taken away Secondly It is requisite after Bleeding especially if the Disease took its rise from a Surfet or is accompanied with Nauseousness or a Disposition to Vomiting to give a gentle Vomit of Honey or of Oxymel of Squills and sometimes of the Vinum Benedictum in a moderate quantity The Vomit especially if the Sick bear it well and if it be necessary may be repeated three or four times at the distance of three or four days betwixt each Vomit It is best to give the Vomit towards the Evening the Sick being blooded the day before and at Bed-time after every Vomit you must give an Anodyn Take of Honey of Squills half an ounce give it in a Draught of Posset-drink and repeat twice or thrice in an hour if the Sick does not Vomit enough This is proper for Children and young People Take of Oxymel of Squills and of Oyl of Sweet-Almonds each one ounce mingle them let the Sick take it in a large Draught of Posset-drink and let it be repeated twice or thrice in an hour if there be occasion Or Take of Vinum Benedictum seven drams Syrup of Violets two drams mix them and make a Potion for Vomiting And if it be needful you may give of Oxymel of Squills and Oyl of Sweet-Almonds each half an ounce in a Draught of Posset-drink twice or thrice in the Operation Salt of Vitriol is not at all convenient in this case because it irritates and pricks continually the Glandulous parts about the Jaws and so promotes the Flux of the Serum and increases the Cough After the Vomit hath done working give the following Opiat or the like Take of the Pectoral Decoction clarified four ounces of Tincture of Saffron two drams of Helmont's liquid Laudanum fifteen drops of Syrup of Violets two drams mingle them make a Draught or you may give ten grains of the Pill of Hounds-tongue or of Storax Thirdly It is convenient to Purge gently by Stool the Humours by Stomachick Purges and the like which the least agitate the Blood For Instance Take of choice Manna and of Oyl of Sweet-Almonds each one ounce and an half or two ounces dissolve them in a Pint of hot Ptisan let the Sick drink half in Bed and the rest half an hour after when he is up Or Take of the best Senna two drams of Cassia with the Canes broke and of Tamarinds each half an ounce of the Seeds of Coriander prepared half a dram boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain or Barnet water to eight ounces dissolve in it an ounce of Manna and half a dram of Sal-prunella Let the Sick take half in the Morning and the rest half an hour afterwards And every Night after Purging give an Opiate to asswage the Blood and to quiet the Lungs least a new Flux of Humours should fall upon the Lungs by the Agitation of the Blood occasioned by the Purge For the same reason it is proper to mix some Opiate with Stomachick Purges to be taken at Bed Time For Instance Take of Aloes-rosat one scruple or twenty five grains of the Pills of Hounds-tongue half a Scruple mingle them make four Pills to be gilded which are to be repeated every other Night after the Patient hath been blooded These Pills are vulgarly called Pilulae Catarrhales by the Apothecaries for they do not only evacuate the Humours by Stool but also hinder a new Flux of them to the Lungs Or Take of the Stomachick Pills with Gums Aleophagin of Mastich or of Ambar half a dram or two scruples of London Laudanum one grain mingle them make four Pills gild them and let them be taken every third Night for thrice And if the Catarrh be very violent and if a Difficulty of Breathing or a straitness on the Breast does not arise from the Use of Opiates an Opiat must be given every Night for at the beginning of this Disease nothing considerable can be done without them Fourthly In this State of the Disease Diaphorecticks do much Good but you must take notice that they must be never used before Bleeding Vomiting and Purging if they are necessary and they must be always mixed with Opiates and such must be chosen as are least hot Take of venice-treacle half a dram or two scruples of Conserve of old red Roses half a dram mingle them make a Bolus Or Take of Diascordium and conserve of Wood-sorrel each one dram make a Bolus Or Take of Matthew's Pill fifteen grains make two Pills gild them and let them be taken at bed-time Or Take of the Pill of Hounds-tongue twelve grains of Diaphoretick Antimony one scruple of Tincture of Saffron a sufficient quantity mingle them make four Pills These Diaphoreticks must be taken at Bed-time and great Care must be taken that the Sick does not take Cold after the use of them Blisters must also be applyed to the Arms and betwixt the Shoulders and Pectoral Medicines must be used when the Sick does not Purge Take of Oyl of sweet Almonds of Syrup of Maiden-hair of Jujubs Violets or of Marsh-mallows each one ounce and an half of White Sugar-candy one dram and an half mingle them exactly whereof let the Sick take a Spoonful every fourth Hour drinking upon it four ounces of the following Apozem hot Take of the Pectoral Decoction clarified one Pint and an half of Tincture of Saffron extracted with treacle-treacle-water of Syrup of Maiden-hair Scabious or of Jujubs each one ounce mingle them make an Apozem If you desire to have a more thickning Linctus Take of fresh Oyl of sweet Almonds of Syrups of Comfrey of red-poppies of dried Roses each one ounce and an half of Diacodium half an ounce of Sugar of Roses one dram and an half mingle them make a Linctus If you wou'd have a more lubricating Linctus Take of fresh Oyl of Flax extracted without Fire of Syrup of Liquorish and of Honey of Violets one ounce and an half of white Sugar-candy one dram and an half mingle them exactly make a Linctus If there be a Feaver omit the Hissop and Tincture of Saffron if there be a Loosness use the
following Take of the Lohoch of the Lungs of a Fox of Colts-foot and Purslain each one ounce of Syrup of Jujubs and Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half of Flowers of Sulphur two drams of Tincture of Saffron half an ounce of the Species Diatragacanth frigid of Diamargit frigid of the Powder of Haly each one dram of Penediat Sugar half an ounce mingle them make a Linctus Take of Tacamahaca of Balsam of Peru each one Drain of the Ingredients for the Pectoral Decoction a sufficient quantity boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain Water to a Pint and an half with the strained Liquor and with a dram of each of the four Cold-seeds with the Seeds of white Poppies and of Henbane each two drams and with eight Almonds blanched make an Emulsion to be sweetned with Pendiat-Sugar But if by reason of the Clamminess of the Flegm the Difficulty of Breathing is more than usual the following Linctus must be prescribed Take of the Lohoch of Raisons and of Squills each one ounce and an half of Syrup of Hedge-mustard of Hyssop and of Hore-hound each one ounce and an half of the Species Diaireos Diacalaminth and the Flowers of Sulphur each one Dram and an half Tincture of Saffron half an ounce of white Sugar-candy six Drams mingle them make a Linctus And if this Symptom be very violent a dram of pure Gum-ammoniack and a dram and an half of Flowers of Benzoin may be added And for these Intentions Balsamick Medicines with things that agglutinate are proper For Instance Take of the Pulp of the conserve of red Roses and Wood-sorrel each one ounce and an half of Olibanum three drams of Opobalsam two scruples mingle them make an Electuary whereof let the Sick take the quantity of a Nutmeg thrice a day drinking upon it four ounces of the following Apozem Take of the Leaves of Millfoil Mouse-car Burnet Dandelion spotted Lungwort Scabious each one handful of the Flowers of St. John's-wort Violets the greater Daisy red Poppies each half an handful of Jujubs and Dates each six Pair of Saffron tied up in a Rag half a dram of the Seeds of Annise and Juniper-berries each three drams infuse them and boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water to three Pints in the hot Liquor strained dissolve four ounces of Conserve of red Roses which being added to the Apozem render it Balsamick and Pleasantly tasted strain it again and add of the Syrups of Coral and of Oak of Jerusalem and of Maiden-hair each one ounce make an Apozem Or instead of the foregoing Electuary the following may be substituted Take of the Pulp of the conserve of red Roses two ounces of the conserve of Hips one ounce of the Powder of Haly one dram of Lucatellus's Balsam half an ounce of Balsamick Syrup a sufficient quantity mingle them make an Electuary to be taken as before Let the Sick take often in a day one or two Spoonfuls of the Balsamick Syrup which is very agreeable to the Stomach and with every Dose of the Syrup a scruple of the Balsam of Tolu made into small Pills may be taken and every Night at Bed-time the Sick may take twenty five or thirty drops of Helmont's liquid Laudanum in a spoonful of Balsamick Syrup When there are no other Medicines to be taken and there is nothing contrindicates it it is also very effectual to prescribe a dram of Flowers of Sulphur to be taken in a rear Egg or Honey of Rosemary-flowers If a Tickling Cough by reason of the Acrimony and Thinness of the Humuor issuing from the Windpipe and Bronchia be very troublesome to the Patient the following Tablets must be used Take of the Pulp of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce Pearl-sugar Gum-arabick Tragacanth white Starch dissolved in poppy-Poppy-water each two drams of Penediat Sugar dissolved in Rose-water a sufficient quantity make Tablets each weighing a dram But if the Cough continues long and is violent and will not yield to the foregoing Remedies we must use Balsamicks For Instance Let the Sick take thrice a day three of the following Pills in a spoonful or two of some proper Linctus Take of the Powder of Millepedes prepared three drams of Gum-ammoniack well purified one dram and an half of the Flowers of Benzoin two scruples or one dram of Extract of Saffron and Peruvian Balsam each half a scruple of Balsam of Sulphur anisated or made with Turpentine a sufficient Quantity mingle them make Pills of a moderte bigness gild them or cover them with Powder of Liquorish These Pills have often done good in Consumptire Coughs The Sick must chuse an Air that is moderately hot and dry and somewhat thin the diet must be of easie Concoction as Mutton and Veal and the like and the Sick must eat Flesh only at Dinner at Supper he must only eat Water-gruel Panada-broths potched Eggs and the like and he must be sure to be moderate in his Diet he must drink sparingly of small Beer and the like Wines must be avoided and other spirituous Liquors it is also convenient that his Beer be medicated with Pectoral things and the like which are proper for the Disease for by this means a great quantity of Medicines will be mixed with the Blood without nauseating the Stomach or injuring the Appetite which a Physician ought to take great Care of For Instance Take of the best Sarsa-parilla cut eight ounces of the Roots of China sliced four ounces of Polypody of the Oak Maiden-hair Ground-ivy spotted Lung-wort Colts-foot Scabious Oak of Jerusalem each two handfuls of the Flowers of Scabious water-lillies and of Rosemary of the grater Daisy and of St. Johns-wort each one handful of Juniper-berries four ounces of Raisins of the Sun stoned six ounces of Liquorish rasped one ounce of the Seeds of Annise two drams mingle uhem make a Bag for four Gallons of middling Beer which let the Sick use for his ordinary Drink The Sick must exercise himself daily moderately especially before Dinner he must take great Care that he does not catch Cold The Sick must be diverted as much as may be from Anger Sorrow deep thinking and all other great Passions of the Mind from Study and unseasonable Watching always sleeping if he can the first part of the Night But in the second State of this Disease which may be known by the Increase of the hectick Feaver which now is often like a putrid Intermitting Feaver and by the manifest wasting of the Flesh by the dry Cough a Weight upon the Breast and difficulty of Breathing all Evacuacuations by Stool Vomit or Sweat are injurious for they promote the Feaver and Increase the Consumption Nor is Bleeding to be used at this time unless it be to prevent a Peripneumonia but the Alteratives and Pectorals before prescribed must be used frequently as often as the Stomach will bear them but especially the use of the Balsamicks before prescribed must be long continued if there be no considerable Feaver
an half strain it let the Sick take three or four Spoonfuls either by themselves or in some hot Broth. These kind of Jellies may be made more pleasant to the Pallate by adding at the time of use a little of the Syrup of Baulm Gilliflowers Raspberries Oranges or Lemmons though it must be confessed Acid Syrups do not so well agree with Jellies The manner of making a Restorative Broth is as follows Take a Capon drawn and cut in pieces of Sheeps and Calves feet each two pair the shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn each half an ounce two leaves of Mace one Nutmeg cut yellow Sanders three drams or half an ounce boil them all gently in one gallon of fountain-Fountain-water till half is consumed add towards the end of boiling a pint of Malago-Sack and of the Flowers of the greater Daisie Coltsfoot Maiden-hair Spotted Lungwort each one handful of fat Dates eight pair of Jujubs twelve pair of Sebestens ten pair of Raisins of the Sun stoned three ounces strain it let the Sick take a large Draught of it twice or thrice a day Prepared Coral Millepedes Pearls Crabs-eyes prepared the Simple Powder of Crabs-claws and other testaceous Medicines taken plentifully and often in a day are good to blunt the Acrimony of the Blood Take of the Aqua lactis Alexiteria of Carduus or of black Cherry-water one pint of Cinnamon-water hordeated half a pint of prepared Pearl half an ounce of white Cristaline Sugar two ounces mingle them make a Julep whereof let the Sick take four ounces shaking the Viol always when it is used three or four times in a day adding if the Stomach require it one or two ounces of Epidemick water Or Take of the Powder of Millepedes of Crabs-eyes prepared of the Simple Powder of Crabs-claws each one dram of the Powder of white Ambar half a dram mingle them divide it into nine Papers whereof let him take one thrice a day in a Spoonful of the Pearl Julep Fifthly If the Sick seem free from an Obstruction of the Liver and has neither the Dropsie nor the Jaundice but the Milk-Diet before described does not agree by reason of a Loosness or the Acid Ferment of the Stomach besides the altering Medicines above described the free use of the compound distilled Waters of Milk Snails a Pig and the like may be ordered with success to attemperate farther the Acrimony of the Humours The Milk-water Take of the leaves of Maiden-hair Coltsfoot spotted Lungwort Speedwell each three handfuls of Hyssop Goats-rue Mint and Wormwood each two handfuls of the Flowers of St. John's Wort and Scabious each two handfuls of English Saffron one dram three Nutmegs sliced Dates and fat Figs each half a pound of Raisins of the Sun stoned one pound cut them and infuse them in three gallons of fresh Cows Milk and three quarts of Malago-Sack distill them in a cold Still and draw off half the Liquor and mix the Distillations and keep them for use If the Consumption be Scorbutical you may add in Distillation the tops of Pine Water-cresses and Brook-lime and Ground-Ivy with other gentle Antiscorbuticks And instead of Malago Sack you may use Brunswick Mum. If you would have this Water also Restorative you must add a Capon or a Pig in the second Distillation For instance Take a Capon or a Pig the Intrails being taken out cut in pieces of the Milk-water above described one gallon distill off three parts of the Liquor Snail-water Take of Garden-Snails cleansed with Salt three hundred of common Milk or rather of the Milk-water above prescribed three gallons distill them in a cold Still with a gentle Fire till the Liquor becomes Acid And the following Magisterial water of Worms is not to be despised for it will keep good a long while Take of fresh Milk two gallons of Mint and Roman Worm-wood each two handfuls distill off one gallon Then take of Garden-Snails first wash'd in common water then in Small-beer half a peck of Earth-worms prepared one Pint of Angelica one handful and an half of Agrimony Bettony and Rue each one handful put the Herbs into a Still and the Snails and Worms upon them and at top shavings of Harts-horn half a pound Cloves one ounce Saffron three drams infuse them in two quarts of Syder and one of Malago-Sack then distill all in a cold Still These Liquors are to be drank freely for the ordinary drink mixed with an equal part of Milk if the Stomach will bear it and if the Sick can quench his Thirst with it If a Julep be more pleasing give it in the following manner Take of the Waters of Pig or Capon before described one pint of white Cristaline Sugar a sufficient quantity boil them to a Syrup Take of Milk or snail-Snail-water one pint and an half of the Syrup just described four ounces mingle them make a Julep whereof let the Sick drink freely Or Take of the Water of Milk or of Magisterial Snail-water a quart of pearled Sugar ten drams or an ounce and an half mingle them make a Julep whereof let him take freely and frequently But if there is not so much a Hectick Feaver as a difficulty of Breathing as it often happens to such as are afflicted with a Scorbutick Consumption a Pectoral Hydromel is better for the ordinary Drink than distilled Waters abounding with Flegm Take of the roots of China sliced six ounces of the roots of Coltsfoot gathered at a Fit-time three ounces of the roots of Burdock and Avens each three ounces of the roots of Elecampane two ounces of the leaves of Lungwort all the Scabious both the Speedwells Meadow-sweet and Monywort each two handfuls of all the Capillaries each one handful of the flowering tops of Bugles and Bettony of the flowers of red Speedwell and of Cowslips each four Pugils of all the Ground Ivy three handfuls of Jujubs Dates Sebestens and Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one ounce and an half of Spanish Liquorish one ounce and an half cut them all and boil them in sixteen quarts of fountain-Fountain-water with a gentle Fire till half is consumed strain it and clarifie it and add to it four pound of the best Honey boil it again and take off the Scum strain it again add half an ounce of Cinnamon six drams of Coriander-seed of the Seeds of Annise and Sweet Fennel each three drams put the Liquor into a large Tub and let it ferment which it will the sooner do if the Tub be placed in the Sun for then it will be sufficiently fermented in forty days otherwise it will require a much longer time The Vessel must be always kept open and full Of this let the Sick drink a good Draught twice or thrice a day for many Months When the Consumption comes to its third State the Sick very rarely is cured or lives long unless the Ulcers are very small and benign wherefore though a prudent and honest Physician being called to Consumptive People at this time may endeavour to
mitigate as much as may be the Symptoms and may prescribe Medicines proper for the Consumption and the present Indications yet he ought by no means to promise a Cure but rather acquaint the Patient of his Danger and so he will secure his own Reputation and that of the Medical Art The Curative Indications at this time of the Disease are these four First Pectoral Medicines must be prescribed and the Cure of the Ulcers must be promoted if they are small benign and curable as much as can be in this weak and wasting Condition of the Sick Secondly The Peripneumonick or Inflammatory Feaver as often as it happens must be taken off with all its dreadful Symptoms Thirdly The Putrid Feaver arising from the Purulent Matter of the Lungs must be mitigated Fourthly and lastly The Tormenting Symptoms arising from the Putrid Feaver by reason of the Colliquation must be removed as far as may be that at least the Sick may dye easily As to the first in this State of the Consumption Altering Expectorating and Balsamick or Healing Medicines that are not too hot by reason of the great height of the Feaver but always Cordials are to be given and those are to be chosen that are most palatable and may be taken in the smallest quantity For instance Take of the Pulp of the old Conserve of red Roses of Wood-sorrel and of Lucatellus's Balsam each one ounce mingle them make an Electuary whereof let him take the quantity of a Nutmeg wrapt in a Wafer Morning and Evening or let him take twice a day of the Balsamick Pills above described number three Take of the Aqua Lactis Alexiteria eight ounces of the Magisterial Water of Snails of Cinnamon-water hordeated each three ounces Aqua mirabilis one ounce of prepared Pearl two drams of clear Ghalk one dram of white Cristaline Sugar one ounce or ten drams mingle them make a Julep whereof let the Sick take four or five Spoonfuls after every Dose of the Electuary and of the Pills and as often as he will Take of the Balsamick Syrup which is very agreeable to the Stomach three ounces of Tincture of Saffron made in treacle-Treacle-water two drams mingle them let him take of it often in a Spoon and in a Spoonful or two of this mixture let him take twice a day six or eight drops of Opobalsam But if the Cough and Watchings are very obstinate let him take sometimes twelve drops of Helmont's Liquid Laudanum Nevertheless in this languid state Opium ought to be given cautiously in small Doses and in due distances of time neither ought it to be given at all without urgent necessity require it least a sudden Death follow and the Disgrace of the Medical Art Or Take of the Syrup of Maiden-hair four ounces of Aqua mirabilis half an ounce or six drams mingle them let the Patient take a Spoonful of it frequently or with a Liquorish-stick especially when the Cough is troublesome Jellies and Restorative Broths are to be prescribed in this case And indeed in this deplorable Condition Medicines are rather to be taken from the Kitchin than the Apothecary's Shop As to the Peripneumonick Feaver it arises always from the great Inflammation of the Tubercles of the Lungs and therefore it uses to return frequently viz. As often as a new Tubercle either of its own accord or from cold taken or from any Error committed in Diet happens to be inflamed and during the Inflammation this Feaver continueth and often kills the Patient suddenly it being accompanied with uncertain Shivering and violent Heat succeeding alternately with Watching Restlesness a Delirium difficulty of Breathing difficulty of Expectoration violent and wandring Pains of the Side Breast and Shoulders but when the Inflammation first begins to Imposthumate which if the Sick lives happens usually about the seventh day of the Disease the continual Inflammatory Feaver is succeeded by a Putrid Intermitting Feaver either Quotidian or Tertian which certainly indicates Matter in the Tubercles and can never be perfectly eradicated unless they be cured This Inflammatory Feaver as all others of the same kind requires a thin Diet that the Belly should be kept open and Cordial and Attemperating Juleps are to be used freely also Pectoral Apozems and Lubricating and Inciding Linctuses to facilitate the Expectoration of the Flegm too much thickned by the Feaverish Heat and to take off the painful Compression of the Lungs and to ease the Cough Diaphoretick Opiats are also to be used sparingly at due Intervals to promote the Expulsion of the Febrile Matter through the Pores of the Skin Also Blisters and Epithems are to be used for the relief of the Brain and Genus Nervosum which would otherwise suffer much by Feavers of this kind Liniments also and Anodyn Fomentations must be prescribed to remove the Painful and Convulsive Contraction of the Muscles and Membranes of the Breast but above all Bleed seasonably and largely and it must be repeated if there be occasion according to the Strength of the Sick and the present Effervescence of the Blood and perhaps Consumptive People require Bleeding more than those that are strong Wherefore the Physician though he count the Consumption deadly ought to endeavour the Cure of the Peripneumonia in the following manner Let him order a Diet of Water-gruel Ptisan roasted Apples and the like and middling Beer with a Toast in it But at the first Declination of the Feaver Chicken-broth potched-Eggs and the like And the Belly if there be occasion must be presently loosned with a Glister made of Milk and Sugar with Camomil-flowers which also must be repeated upon occasion then eight or ten Ounces of Blood must be taken away from the Arm of the pained Side and Bleeding must be repeated every day or every other day according to the Effervescence of the Blood and the Violence of the Pain in the Side and of the difficulty of Breathing if the Strength will permit that an Imposthumation may be hindred if possible In the mean while through the whole Course of the Disease one Spoonful of the following Linctus dissolved in four Ounces of the Pectoral Apozem must be taken every third or fourth hour hot Take of the fresh Oyl of Sweet-Almonds of Syrup of Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half of white Sugar-candy one dram and an half mingle them exactly and make a Linctus And if the Flegm be very tough and if the Difficulty of Breathing and the Pain increase by reason of it instead of Oyl of Almonds Oyl of Linseed fresh drawn without Fire may be substituted and Syrup of Hedge-mustard or of the five opening Roots instead of Syrup of Maiden-hair if a Flux of the Belly does not contra-indicate Besides two or three ounces of the Oyl of Linseed may be taken by it self every fourth Hour for it does not only Lubricate but is also very Anodyn Take of the Pectoral Decoction clarified one Pint and an half of Tincture of Saffron made in treacle-Treacle-water and of Syrup
Rise from want of Nourishment the Sick must be refreshed with good Wine and by a Piece of Bread dipt in it and eaten and also by nourishing Broths and the like If by reason of the Thinness of the Humours the Spirits exhale Perfumes and meat of good Juice and Thickning must be prescribed and the Pores of the Skin must be stopt with Oyl of Roses and by the cold Air. If it proceed from an Hysterick Disease Remedies proper for that must be given if from a malignant Quality Cardiacks and Alexipharmicks must be used If from taking Poyson things that evacuate must be used a Vomit must be given and afterwards Treacle must be prescribed and then if a Heat and Erosion of the Stomach be perceived he must take Milk or Butter or fat Broths or cooling Cordial Potions If from Immoderate Evacuation the Sick must be refreshed with Perfumes Meat and Drink Sleep and Rest If from too great a Loss of Blood lay the Sick on a Bed with his Head downward Sprinkle his Face with cold Water give him a little Wine diluted with cold Water If by over-purging give new Treacle or for want of it old Treacle with two grains of Opium or rather with three grains of Laudanum dissolved in Wine Anoint his Belly with the following Oyls Take of Oyl of Mirtles and of Quinces each one ounce and an half of Oyl of Wormwood one ounce of Rose Vinegar a little mingle them anoint his Belly with it often Inject a Glister of Calybeat Milk adding to it the Yolks of three Eggs of Philonium Romanum two drams rub his Arms and upper Parts dip a Piece of Bread in Wine and give it or let him drink Wine it self And lastly Every Evacuation whether of Blood by the Nostrils Womb or other parts or of other Humours by Vomit or Stool is to be restrained by Remedies described in their proper Chapters That Fainting which arises from too great Sweat must be cured by Remedies that restrain Sweat as with cold Water Rose-water alone or with a little Vinegar in it cast upon the Hands and Face the Air also must be cooled with the foresaid Waters and with fanning cold Epithems must be applied to the Heart made of rose-Rose-water Sorrel Borrage and of the Powder of Diamargarit frigid and with a little Wine to make them penetrate Also cooling Juleps of Syrup of Sorrel Violets of Apples or Lemmons with cooling Waters and Sal-prunella are frequently to be given the Pores may be stopt by anointing the Skin with Oyl of Roses Mastich and Myrtles Let the Sick abstain from Wine he must by no means be rubbed let him often change place and be lightly covered let the Bed be sprinkled with the following Powder Take of the flowers of Water-lillies and red Roses each three ounces of pure Labdanum half an ounce of Storax two drams of Myrtles and the Grains of Sumach each two ounces make a Powder If the Fainting arise from Suffocation of the Spirits they must be called back to the Surface of the Body by Frictions Ligatures Cupping-glasses and the like but if the Suffocation arise from Fullness Blood must be drawn plentifully by Intervals if Fainting proceed from a Fright or Fear Blood must be also let least an Obstruction or Inflammation should be occasioned CHAP. LXI Of the Palpitation of the Heart and of the Trembling of it THE Palpitation of the Heart is so violent sometimes that it may not only be manifestly felt but also seen and heard at some distance And some Authors of note say That by the violent Vibration of the Heart the Ribs have been broke or thrust out in young People As to the Cure it must be varied according to the variety of the Causes First therefore when this Disease proceeds from a fault in the Blood the curative Intention will be to exalt the watry Blood and to render it more apt for Fermentation to which purpose Spiritous Medicines also Saline of every sort and Sulphurous especially Chalybeats and also those things which are used for the Green-sickness or Lucophlegmatia and a cold Scurvy do good Take of the Conserves of Roman Wormwood of the yellow Peel of Oranges and Lemons each two ounces of the Winteran bark powdered two drams of the Species Diacurcuma one dram of Steel prepared with Sulphur three drams Salt of Wormwood one dram and an half with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of Citron-bark make an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg in the Morning and at five a Clock in the Afternoon drinking upon it three Ounces of the following Julep and walking after it Take of the Waters of Wake-robin leaves one pint of Penny-royal and Hyssop each four ounces of the water of Worms Snails and Mirabilis each one ounce of Sugar one ounce mingle them make a Julep Take of the Tincture of Antimony one ounce The Dose is twenty or twenty five drops twice a day in the same Julep Moreover Tincture of Steel or the Syrup of it also Elixir Proprietatis are proper Secondly The Palpitation of the Heart is oftner and much more violent from a fault in the Cardiack Arteries which is either an Obstruction or a Convulsion The first is most commonly continual and often incurable especially if it be occasioned by tabid Lungs or by reason the roots of the Arteries are half filled or compressed by a Tubercle or bony Excrescence which Causes when they are and can be perfectly known it is to no purpose to endeavour to remove and then all that can be done is only to give ease by Hypnoticks Moreover It is probable that the passage of the Blood is hindred sometimes by a Polypus growing within the Sinus of the Heart But it is difficultly known and hardly cured when there is a Suspicion of it Saline Medicines seem most proper and of those such as are volatile or acid But they are not to be given together you are to try one sort first and if that does not do you must try the other Take of Compound Spirit of Sal-armoniack viz. distilled with Millepedes or with other anti-asthmaticks three drams The Dose is from fifteen Grains to twenty thrice a day in some proper Julep or distilled Water In the same manner Spirit of Harts-horn of Soot of Blood and of a Scull dug up may be tried Take of Spirit of Sea-salt or of Vitriol distilled with Spirit of Wine impregnated with Pectoral Herbs and often cohobated three drams The Dose is from fifteen to twenty drops Spirit of Tartar of the Wood of Gujacum or of Box may be used to the same purpose Thirdly The Palpitation of the Heart is often Convulsive and proceeds from the same cause as other Hypochondriack or Asthmatick Passions do and must be cured also by Antispasmotick Remedies but respect must be had to the Constitution of the Sick Take of Spirit of Sal-armoniack with Ambar three drams The Dose is from fifteen to twenty drops twice a day in some proper Julep or
An Inflammation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumour arising from Blood poured upon the Substance of the Stomach and its Membranes And this Blood is either pure and sincere and then it produces a Phlegmon properly so called or it is mixed with Choler Flegm and Melancholly and then it produces an Oedematous Schirrhus Phlegmon or a Phlegmon mixed with an Erysipelas There may be many external Causes viz. Whatsoever renders the Blood hot as hot Medicines drinking of Wine or whatever forces the Blood thither as a Bruise of the Stomach especially when it is full of Meat to which may be added hot and acrid things taken inwardly as Cantharides Sublimate and the like The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease are a great Burnining Pricking Distending Pain with Pulsation stretching it self to the Back The Tumour may be felt and sometimes seen the Shoulders are drawn backward the Breathing Swallowing and Belching are difficult Sometimes something Bloody is Vomited up there is a violent Feaver accompanied with dreadful Symptoms If the Inflammation be purely from Blood it is somewhat gentler but if it be joined with an Eâ—ysipelas the Symptoms are very violent and there is an inward Feaver though the outward Parts are cold and the Thirst is unquenchable To this Inflammation of the Stomach that Inflammation is near of kin which either seises that Part of the Liver wherewjth the Stomach is covered or that lies upon the Region of the Abdomen which can be only distinguished by the violence of the Symptoms for the Inflammation of the Stomach is the most violent and most dangerous From what has been said it may be easily prognosticated that this Disease is very dangerous and most commonly deadly Nevertheless that is most dangerous which seises the upper Orifice of the Stomach and partakes of the Nature of an Erysipelas If the Inflammation do not kill and be not resolved it degenerates into an Abscess which is known by the Remission of Heat and Feaver the Tumour remaining The Abscess being broken an Ulcer is left behind which may be known by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer of the Stomach does not only proceed from an Abscess broken but also from other causes which must be here mentioned least any thing should be desicient in the Theory of it Therefore the causes of an Ulcer of the Stomach are either Internal or External the Internal causes are acrid Humours bred in the Stomach or transmitted from another place to it as Yellow and Black Choler or salt Flegm The external causes are acrid and corroding Medicines or Poisons and hither may be referred Wounds of the Stomach ill cured which degenerate into an Ulcer and also the Rupture of some great Vein which cannot be well cured after vomiting much Blood up An Ulcer bred in the Stomach may be known chiefly by the Evacuation of Matter by Vomit and Stool to which primary Sign others may be added For first There is perceived in the Stomach a pricking Pain with Heat especially when any thing acrid salt acid or any thing very hot or very cold is taken inwardly There is moreover a Loss of Appetite Stinking Belching and a small and continual Feaver The Prognostick is most commonly deadly unless the Ulcer be very small and possess the Superficies and has not a Feaver joined with it for the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated is difficultly cured and the Nourishment cannot be well concocted and it is rejected before a due concoction besides Medicines can do little good for things that cleanse which are necessary for the Cure of the Ulcer cause Pain and things that dry which should satisfie the other Indication of Healing the Ulcer are continually spoiled by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humours which always stagnate in a weak Stomach The Cure of the foresaid Diseases is to be instituted particularly And first The Cure of the Inflammation is to be begun by Bleeding repeated in the Arm as often as the Strength will bear and though it may seem to be dejected at first by reason of the fainting and Coldness of the extream Parts yet this Infirmity of the Strength proceeds from an Oppression which requires Evacuation and therefore Bleeding ought not to be forbid Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoid Veins if the Sick has been accustomed to this Evacuation may conveniently cause a Revulsion of the Blood from the Stomach Cupping-glasses applied to the Back and Buttocks both dry and moist Frictions and Ligatures of the extream Parts and the heating those that are wont to be cold by applying hot Cloaths and by anointing them with Oyl of Orris Nard and with other hot things may be also conveniently used to draw the Blood from the Stomach But Purging is not allowed of because it disturbes the Humours and draws them to the Part affected Yet Avicen commends a Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in endive-Endive-water or in Whey and would have it given daily till the seventh Day yet it is better to abstain from all purging at the Beginning but the Seventh Day being over and some Signs of Concoction and Declination appearing Purging may be instituted with a dram of Rhubarb and a Scruple of red Sanders infused in borrage-Borrage-water you must add one or two ounces of the Syrup of Roses that the Filth sticking to the Part may be evacuated In the mean while Lenient cooling and emollient Glisters must be daily injected Take of Chicken-broth or a Decoction of Mallows and Violets one Pint of Cassia fresh drawn one ounce of Oyl of Roses and Violets each two ounces of Sugar one ounce and an half Yolks of Eggs number two make a Glister The same altering and corroborating things may be taken inwardly which were proposed for a Cure of the Pain of the Stomach occasioned by a Cholerick Humour But Syrup of Water-lillies and of the Juice of Purslain are peculiarly proper especially at the beginning because they may serve instead of a repelling Medicine Emulsions also of the four cold Seeds and of the Seeds of white-Poppies are proper for they are lenitive and qualifie the Heat and so do also the following Juleps Take of the Waters of Roses three ounces of Plantane two ounces of the Juice of Sorrel one ounce and an half of Sugar of Roses one ounce boil them a little and strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice a Day If the Pain be very violent Syrup of Poppies may be taken Let him use for his Drink Barley-water sweetned with Syrup of Violets which he must drink cold In Progress of the Disease Medicines are to be mixed with the foregoing which may help the Resolution to which end the following Julep may be prescribed Take of the Syrups of Water-lillies of Apples and of the Juice of Purslain each one ounce of the Syrup of Roman Wormwood half an ounce of the Waters of Sorrel Lettice and Fennel each three ounces of the Species Diamargarite
frigid one dram make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice a day To these may be added restorative Opiats Narcoticks and the like all which are to be varied according to the Judgment and Discretion of the Physician Turpentine washed in wormwood-Wormwood-water taken twice or thrice resolves and ripens Imposthumes of the Stomach The following Fomentation may be applyed outwardly in the beginning Take of the Roots of Sorrel two ounces of the Leaves of Endive Succory and Mallows each one handful of the Seeds of Lettice and of white Poppies each three drams of white and red Sanders each half a dram of the Flowers of Violets and of Water-lillies each one Pugil make a Decoction add to it a little Rose-vinegar foment the Region of the Stomach with it warm After the Fomentation anoint the part with Oyl of Roses and Oyl of Violets mixed Cataplasms are not convenient in the beginning because they oppress the part by their Weight and by retaining the Heat increase the Inflammation If the Disease come to a Declination and if the Tumour should be resolved which is most to be wished for a resolving Fomentation may be applied made in the following manner Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris two ounces of the Leaves of Mint Marjoram Penny-royal and of Roman Wormwood each one Handful of the Seeds of Fâ—enugreek and of Annise each two drams of the grains of Kermes one dram of the Flowers of Staechas Rosemary and Camomil each one Pugil adding towards the the end a little White-wine make a Decoction wherewith foment the Region of the Stomach After the Fomentation anoint the Part with Oyl of Nutmeg Wormwood Nard and the like to which Wax and the Powder of Florentine-orris and of Cinnamon being added an Oyntment may be made but Plaisters and Cataplasms are not convenient because they oppress the Part. But if the Tumour seem to tend to Suppuration foment the part with a Decoction of the Flowers of Camomil and red Roses and afterwards apply the following Cataplasm Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows two ounces of the Leaves of Bears-breech and of Roses each one handful boil them well and then add of the Flower of Barley and of Linseeds and Faenugreek-seeds and of the Powder of Camomil each half an ounce of white and red Sanders each two drams with Oyl of Roses and of Camomil and with a little Hens-grease make a Cataplasm to be renewed often The Abscess being broken cleanse the Ulcer by drinking Hydromel to which must be added sometimes according to Galen's order Manna of Frankincense or Barly-water with Sugar of Roses in the beginning in a hot Constitution When the Ulcer grows old from what cause soever it prooceeds Broths are proper altered with cooling and moderately astringent Herbs Barly-broths sweetned with Sugar of Roses new Milk sweetned with Sugar and a little Honey Steel-waters for the ordinary drink or Water wherein some Bole-armonick or sealed Earth has been infused to which may be added a little red rough Wine if there be but little Heat in the Part afterward the following Apozem may be used Take of whole Barley one Pugil of the Leaves of Scabious Agrimony Burnet and of Maiden-hair each half an handful of the seeds of Melons two drams of red Roses dried one Pugil make a Decoction to one Pint wherein dissolve three ounces of Syrup of dried Roses make an Apozem for four doses to be frequently repeated For internal Ulcers a Decoction of China is also very good when there is no Feaver for being taken for twenty Days or more it gently provokes Sweat and dries the Ulcer by degrees But if there be danger of a Consumption the foresaid Root must be boiled in Chicken-broth with the foresaid Herbs and with cleansed Barley When the Ulcer has continued long Chalybeat or Purging Waters drank for a Month do good and gentle Catharticks as Rubarb and Tamarinds Myrobalans Syrup of Roses are to be used once a Week Lastly The following things are to be used Take of Bole-armenick sealed Earth red Coral Blood-stone well washed in Rose-water each one dram of Dragons-blood Gum-arabick and Tragacanth each half a dram of the Seeds of white Poppies gently bruised and roasted of Hypocistis Sarcoco and Frankincense each one Scruple of Sugar of Roses one ounce make a Powder whereof let him take a dram in plantane-Plantane-water or with Conserve of Roses daily Or of the same Powder may be made an Opiat with Conserve of Comfry and Roses and with Syrup of Quinces or of Myrtles or Troches may be made of it with the Mucilages of the Seeds of Psyllium or of Tragacanth of all which the Sick may take by turns least his Stomach turn by taking of one Medicine a long while And outwardly to heal the Ulcer may be applied to the Region of the Stomach a Fomentation made of Wormwood Roses Pomegranate-peel Galls Balaustins Myrtles Frankincense Mastich and the like And afterwards the part must be anointed with some Astringent Oyntment and an Astringent Plaister must be applied over CHAP. LXX Of the Chollick IT takes its name from the Gut Colon which is the part affected which is long and winding and designed by Nature to receive the Excrements of almost all the Body and when those Excrements are retained too long they are wont to occasion Pains of this kind Therefore the Causes of the Chollick is all Excrementitious Matter that occasions a Solution of the Continuum either by distending pricking or corroding and is either Wind or Humours Wlnd generated by Crudities or from a cold Intemperies of the Stomach or Bowels if it cannot be seasonably excluded by reason the Feces are very hard or by reason the Intestines are obstructed it is heap'd up in a great quantity in the great Guts especially in the Colon and occasions violent Pain Thick Cold and Flegmatick Humours stufft into the Tunicks of the Guts may occasion such Pains by corroding them if they are indued with Acrimony or by chilling them which consequently occasions Costiveness and Convulsions as Galen says of himself that he having a violent Chollick evacuated glassy Flegm which was actually cold Wind which is easily elevated by a weak and gentle Heat from gross and clammy Humours may also occasion this Pain Cholerick and Acrid Humours and also Melancholly and Acid may occasion these Pains by vellicating and pricking the Intestines But in the Action of these Causes it may be asked how the Chollick Pain should have Exacerbations and Remissions the same Matter remaining in the Bowels which as long as it is there should always bite and distend them To which I answer that that Matter does sometimes remain quiet and then it occasions little or no Pain but sometimes is moved and excited by various Fermentations that happen to the Humours as is wont to happen to the Falling-sickness Hysterick Fits and in Fits of Feavers But we must take notice that the Wind or Humours do not only reside in the Cavity of the Intestines for then
ounces of the Aqua-benedicta or two or three drams of Coloquintida may be boiled in an emolient and Carminative Glister If Glisters do not give ease you must not obstinately persist in the use of them for it has been observed that when a Sick Person has taken without any Success twenty Glisters another Physician having given only an ounce and an half of Manna with two ounces of Oyl of Almonds in fat Broth has cured the Patient But in that Pain which proceeds from thick Flegm stronger Medicines must be given Afterwards Fomentations Oyntments Baths Plaisters and other Remedies are useful to which must be added some Specificks Boil simple Water and when it is boiling hot add a fourth part of common Oyl and some grains of pepper grosly beaten Let the Sick take three or four Spoonfuls as hot as he can bear it the pain will be gone as it were in a Moment Take of the best Aloes one dram of Laudanum Opiatum grains four mingle them make six Pills gild them let the Sick take them at a convenient time they give ease in an hours Time and afterwards purge off the noxious Humours Instead of the Pills a Potion may be taken made of half an ounce of Diaphaenicon and two Scruples of Philonium Romanum in the Water or Decoction of Camomil Take of the Oyl of Almonds or of some other Oyl for poor People four ounces of generous Wine one ounce of Syrup of Poppies one ounce mingle ehem make a Potion Oyl of sweet Almonds also taken with Manna in fat Broth asswages the Pain and evacuates the Peccant Matter If the Disease is lasting it may be successfully treated with a Decoction of Guajacum continued for many Days purging now and then with Elixir Salutis and injecting Glisters frequently But if the Chollick proceed from Flegm boil the Guajacum with Wine A Bilious Cholick is cured by emolient Glisters and with such things as attemperate the Acrimony of the Humours Give Juleps of the Waters of Erratick Poppy of Lettice and Sorrel with the Syrups of Violets Apples and Lemons If the Pain is very violent we must use Narcoticks the Pain being somewhat mitigated An Infusion of Rubarb in succory-Succory-water is to be given with Syrup of Roses and to be repeated often till the Stock of Matter is evacuated If gentle Purging be not sufficient to eradicate the Disease we must use Mercurius Dulcis which being given sometimes with purging Medicines that have Diagridium in them perfects the Cure They that dislike Diagridium may give Mercurius Dulcis alone made into Pills with Conserve of Roses drinking upon them an Infusion of Rubarb and Senna with Manna and Syrup of Roses added to it Afterwards it will be convenient to use Tunbridge or such like Waters When the Pain is violent you must fly to Laudanum with which Catharticks may be sometimes given but in a large Dose because they are much blunted by Laudanum Bleeding is sometimes proper in this sort of Chollick when there is danger least the Violence of the Heat should occasion a Feaver if there be a Feaver already it is presently to be used When there is a great Drouth cold Water must be given according to Galens Instruction And Amatus Lusitanus says he wonderfully cured of a sudden such a Pain by the use of it and Septalius declares in two Observations that he used it inwardly and outwardly with great Success For the Cure of a Chollick that degenerates into a Pâ—lsie put the Patient into a warm Bath made of a Decoction of emollient things the Belly being loosned with various Glisters and the first Passages opened by Catharticks the Patient must be bathed twice or thrice or four or five times in a day that the Acrimony of the Humours may be attemperated and that the Pores of the Membranes may be opened The next day let the Humour be purged with some proper Cathartick and then the Bath must be repeated and so you must do every other day if the Patient be able to bear it till the Humours being purged off and the pain quieted he is recovered In the mean time you must continue the use of Glisters but those made with Milk are best to asswage the Pain to which may be added Cassia Oyl of Violets and Oyl of Lillies Let the Belly be frequently anointed with Oyl of Camomil of Dill sweet Almonds Lillies and with Butter Lastly Use Whey and Tunbridge-waters or the like and if the Disease continues a long while those things may be used which are proper to cure Hypochondriack Melancholly and Bleeding is to be used at the beginning of the Disease and before Purging and to be often repeated if the Blood seem to be bad or if something of a Rheumatism seems to be joyned wtih it Lastly All those Remedies which are proposed for the Cure of a Bilious Chollick may be used in this Case and if these things do no good some Physicians prescribe the following Potion which though it be loathsome and will not go down with the delicate yet they say it presently mitigates the Pain Take of Horse-dung one ounce crumble it in small Pieces and infuse it in a Pint of Erratick poppy-Poppy-water to which add eight or ten drops of Spirit of Wine Strain it gently and divide it into three Doses to be taken when the Pain is most violent But if the Disease degenerates into a Palsie you must use to the Spine of the Back and the paralitick Parts some resolving Balsam and such an one as strengthens the Nerves if there be a Feaver but if there be no Feaver you may apply Wooll dipt in Oyl or Ointment to the Paralitick Parts taking great Care that the Patient does not catch Cold for by that means the Humour will be more fixt upon the parts and the Perspiration of it will be hindred CHAP. LXXI Of the Bilious Chollick of the Years 1670 71 72. IN all these Years the Blood was much inclined to put off upon the Bowels hot and Cholerick Humours upon which Account this Chollick was more frequent than is usual The same Febrile Symptoms preceded this Disease as used to go before the Dysentery that reigned in those times and sometimes this Disease followed the Dysentery when it had a long while afflicted the Patient and was just about to leave him but when it did not follow a long Dysentery it generally took its Rise from a Feaver which after some Hours was wont to end in this Disease it chiefly seised Young People of a hot and Cholerick Constitution especially in the Summer the Pain of the Bowels was extreamly violent and more intollerable than any other that afflicts poor Mortals it sometimes binds as it were the Guts and sometimes being contracted to a Point it bores like an Auger the Pain now and then remits and presently the Fit approaches again which as soon as the Patient perceives he looks sadly and bemoans himself as if it were actually upon him At the beginning of this Disease
Liquor whereby the Spirits exhausted by Exercise may be repaired But when the Disease being unskilfully treated has a long while afflicted the Patient so that the Bowels become weak and infirm and he is in a manner quite wasted I say in this Case we find by experience that the free use of Epidemick Water or of Aqua-mirabilis or any other the Patient likes best relieves him at this Time beyond Expectation Moreover As in the Cure of the Disease so when it is over the thin Diet we have mentioned must be observed for some time for this Disease being more apt to return than any other and seating it self upon the principle parts of Concoction the least error in this kind will presently occasion much Pain Wherefore in this and all other Diseases of the Bowels Meats of hard Digestion are carefully to be avoided and things of easie Digestion must be taken only in such a Quantity as will suffice to sustain Life CHAP. LXXII Of the Hysterick Chollick A Certain kind of Hysterick Disease afflicts some Women very like the Bilious Chollick both as to the Sharpness and Situation of the Pain and also upon the account of the Humours ejected by Vomit of a Yellow and green Colour But least any one should take it for the Bilious Chollick just now mentioned I will treat of it in a Chapter by it Self Those Women that are of a lax and crude Habit of Body are chiefly afflicted with this Disease and they that have lately laboured under some other Hysterick Indisposition or which is very often those that have scarce evaded a difficult and hard Labour in bringing forth a large Child whereby the Mothers Natural Strength has been almost Spent A Pain as violent almost as that of the Chollick or Iliack Passion seises the Region of the Stomach and sometimes it comes a little lower and then violent Vomitings follow and the Matter which is cast up is sometimes yellow and sometimes green And moreover which I have often observed there is a greater Dejection of Spirit and Despiration than in any other Disease whatever After a day or two the Pain goes off and returns again in a few Weeks after as violent as it was before sometimes it is accompanied with the Jaundice which is very visible and which goes off of its own accord in a few days when all the Symptoms are gone off and when the Patient seems very well the Smallest Disorder of Mind whether it be occasioned by Anger or Sorrow to both which in this Case Women are very prone almost recalls the Pain which may be said of walking or any other Exercise used too soon for by these means Vapours are elevated in a Lax and weak Habit of Body when according to the Vulgar Opinion I say Vapours whither they be so or no or whither they are Convulsions of particular parts the Phaenomena may be solved either way These Vapours or Convulsions when they invade this or that Region of the Body produce Symptoms agreeable to the part they invade and though they are one and the same Disease every where yet they cunningly resemble most of the Diseases Mankind is exposed to Bleeding and Purging repeated which were plainly indicated at the beginning of a Bilious Chollick are not to be used here but the whole Business must be done by Anodyns unless a great Quantity of Blood and Humours so resists the operation of the Narcotick that though it be often repeated it cannot quell the Tumult till the Patient is blooded and purged which I have observed in Women of a very sanguine Constitution and in Virago's If the Case is so Bleeding or Purging or perchance both must make Way for the Anodyne for either of these being used a moderate dose of the Narcotick will perform the Business which otherwise would signifie nothing though the largest Dose is given But this seldom happens and these Remedies must not be repeated and when they are used when there is need of them you must proceed in giving Anodynes in that Method which I have proposed in the Bilious Chollick and they must be taken often or seldom according to the degrees of Pain But for as much as this Disease in Hypochondriack as well as in Hysterick People often ends in the Jaundice and as this comes on that goes off we must take notice that in curing this kind of Jaundice all Catharticks are to be wholly omitted or if they are given you must use only Rubarb or some other gentle Purge for there is danger least by purging new Tumults should arise and so all the Symptoms return and therefore in this Case nothing must be done presently seeing the Jaundice taking its Rise on this Account generally lessens of its own accord and wholly vanishes in a short time But if it continues a long while and seems to go off difficultly Remedies must be taken for it I use the following Take of the Roots of Madder and of Turmerick each one ounce of all the greater Celandine and of the Tops of the lesser Centaury each one handful boil them in equal parts of Rhenish-wine and of Fountain Water to a quart in the Liquor strained dissolve two ounces of the Syrup of the five opening Roots mingle them make an Apozem Let the Patient take half a pint Morning and Evening till he is well But if the Jaundice comes of it self the Chollick not going before it is necessary besides the alteratives just mentioned To give Cholagogues that is such things as purge Choler by Stool viz. once or twice before the Patient enters upon the Apozem prescribed and afterwards once a Week as long as he takes it As Take of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses two drams of Rubarb finely powdered half a dram of Cream of Tartar one scruple make a Bolus with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Rubarb with Succory give it early in the Morning let the Patient drink upon it a small draught of Rhenish-wine But if notwithstanding the constant taking of these things a long while the Disease continues obstinate the Patient must drink Tunbridge-waters or such like from the Fountain every Morning till he recovers CHAP. LXXIII Of the Iliack Passion THis dreadful Disease being hitherto almost in the Opinion of all Mortal takes its Rise from the inverted and preposterous Motion of the Intestines to wit the Fibres of the Intestines which ought to be contracted from the Superior toward the Inferior are drawn to the Superior and whatsoever is contained in the Intestines is not protruded to the Belly but towards the Stomach and is violently regurgitated to the Mouth so that Glisters how sharp soever become vomitive and also Catharticks taken by the Mouth are suddenly cast up by Vomit And in my Opinion the exquisite and intollerable Pain coming upon this Disease is only occasioned by the foresaid preposterous Motion of the Intestines for whereas those Folds which the many Circumvolutions of the Intestines make are so formed by Nature that they should
viz. The Obstruction of the Meseraick Veins whhich stops the Passage of the Chyle Aetius and Celsus and many of their followers do propose another Cause of the Lientery viz. A hard Cicatrix upon the Intestines produced by a Dysentery The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the Variety of the Causes producing it And first that which is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour may be Cured with the following Remedies but you must begin by Purging Medicines made of Aloes Rubarb and Mirobalans Take of old Conserve of Roses six ounces of the best Venice Treacle six drams Marmalad of Quinces a sufficient quantity mix them Let the Sick take half a dram in the Morning drinking nothing upon it Or Take of Japan Earth one dram and an half of red Coral and Crabs-eyes prepared each one dram of old Conserve of Roses one ounce and an half of Balsamick Syrup a sufficient quantity mix them make an Electuary The Quantity of a Nutmeg of it may be taken Morning and Evening Take of Gum-caranna of the Magisterial Stomach Plaister each a sufficient Quantity of the Chymical Oyl of Wormwood twelve drops mix them make a Plaister for the Region of the Stomach That which proceeds from a bilious Humour is to be cured with the following Remedies Take of the best Aloes washed in rose-Rose-water three drams of Rubarb powdered and moistened with borrage-Borrage-water one dram of Mastich red Sanders red Coral prepared each one scruple of Syrup of Roses solutive a sufficient quantity make a Mass for Pills of which let the Sick take half a dram or one dram at a time Take of sealed Earth Bole-Armenick red Coral prepared Pearls prepared of the Seeds of Purslain and Sorrel each one dram of the Shavings of Hartshorn and of the Leaves of Mint dried each one scruple of red Roses half a Pugil make a Powder to be sprinkled upon Broth or to be taken in a Spoon with a little Water wherein Iron hath been quenched But if the Stools be pure Chyle this Distemper does not proceed from the Fault of the Stomach but from the Obstruction of the Meseraick Veins which is very frequent and is chiefly incident to Children therefore it is to be cured with Remedies that open Obstructions CHAP. LXXVI Of a Diarrhea A Diarrhea is that sort of a Loosness in which excrementitious Humours without Blood Chyle or Ulceration of the Intestines are voided by Stool There is another Species of a Diarrhea which is called colliquative arising from the Colliquation of the Substance of the Body If a Diarrhea be critical and is easily born and the Disease goes off by it or is greatly diminished the Sick is benefited by it But if a Diarrhea be Symptomatical it occasions a great deal of Pain to the Sick the Strength greatly decreases and the Disease upon which it comes is considerably augmented or at least does not decrease As to the Cure a Symptomatick Diarrhea rises for the most part from bad and corrupted Humours therefore the Cure of it is to be begun with the Evacuation of the Peccant Humour Take of the best Rhubarb six grains of the Seeds of Coriander bruised two scruples infuse and boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water to three ounces of the strained Liquor add of Rubarb torrified one Scruple of the Syrup of Succory with Rubarb one ounce mix them make a Draught to be taken in the Morning A Vomit is also sometimes convenient because it makes a Revulsion and Evacuation of the Morbisick Matter If there be Signs of abundance of Blood and the Body being strong Bleeding is necessary in the beginning The Body being sufficiently evacuated both by purging Medicines and the Loosness it self astringent and strengthning Medicines are to be given as well by the Mouth as injected by Glisters and applied to the Belly Take of Diascordium grains twenty five of the compound Powder of Crabs-Claws grains seventeen of Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mix them make a Bolus to be repeated upon Occasion Take of epidemick-Epidemick-water half an ounce of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated three drams of black-cherry-black-cherry-water two ounces of Liquid Laudanum prepared with Juice of Quinces fifteen drops Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mix them let the Sick take this Mixture after the Bolus above prescribed and at Bed-time Take of epidemick-Epidemick-water and of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated each three ounces of mint-Mint-water one ounce of Black cherry-Cherry-water five ounces of Syrup of Mint a sufficient quantity mingle them let him take six spoonfuls after the Bolusses Take of Hartshorn calcin'd two ounces of Nutmeg four Scruples of the Roots of Tormentil three drams boil them in fountain-Fountain-water to three Pints adding towards the end an ounce of White-bread add to the strained Liquor two ounces of Doctor Stephens's water and sweeten it with Syrup of Quinces let him take it for his ordinary Drink Or Take of Diascordim three drams of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water and simple angelica-Angelica-water each five ounces infuse them hot in a close Vessel to draw a Tincture strain it and add to it fifty drops of Laudanum Cydoniated and a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Mint mingle them let him take two Spoonfuls every Night at bed-time and in the Day a spoonful after every Stool Or Take of London Laudanum three grains of Doctor Stephens's water and of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated each one ounce of Syrup of Quinces one dram mingle them make a Draught let him take it at bed-time repeat it at three in the Morning and at eight in the Morning Take of the Leaves of Mint the tops of Wormwood each four handfuls of Zedoary Galingal Cyperus sweet smelling Flag Nutmeg sharp Cinnamon Mace each half an ounce of Cubebs Cloves each two drams make two Bags to be boiled in Clarret-wine and smiths-Smiths-water each a quart press them hot out of the Liquor and apply them by turns to the Region of the Stomach Take of Conserve of common Wormwood half an ounce of old Mithridate Six drams of Powder of Mastich a sufficient quantity make a Plaister to be spread on Leather and to be applied to the Region of the Stomach you must spread the Margin with Paracelsus's Plaister to make it stick Or Take of the Stomach-plaister three drams of Oyl of Mace by Expression two scruples of Chymical Oyl of Wormwood and of Chymical Oyl of Mace each two drops mingle them make a Plaister to be applied to the Stomach Take of Diascordium six drams of Venice Treacle two drams boil them in Cows Milk let eight ounces of the strained Liquor be injected for a Glister and let it be repeated thrice Or Take of the Roots of Tormentil three drams of Yellow Mirobalans two drams of Balaustins one dram and an half of the Flowers of red Roses half an handful of Rice bruised half an ounce of Coriander-seeds half an ounce boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water to fourteen ounces strain it and make a Glister of half of it and give the other half four hours
is Lice nine being taken alive in a Morning five or six days following and I have known several that have been cured this way when other Medicines would not do the Business But if notwithstanding all above mentioned the Disease continues obstinate the Sick must use Iron-waters such as are Tunbridge which he must drink at the Fountain till he is well Moreover Those that are afflicted with this Disease are often subject to Pains that are very troublesome and they rage chiefly a Nights And moreover the Sick cannot rest well wherefore Anodynes are to be used Take of Aqua-mirabilis and of the Water of Worms each one ounce of Diacodium six drams of Tincture of Saffron half an ounce mingle them The Dose is one Spoonful or two late at Night when the Sick cannot rest CHAP. LXXXII Of a Dropsie EVery Age and Sex are sometimes troubled with a Dropsie yet Women are more inclined to it than Men it comes upon Men chiefly when they are old and upon Women when they have done breeding but it sometimes seises barren Women when they are young The pitting of the lower part of the Leg by impression of the Finger is not so certain Sign of a Dropsie in Women as in Men for Women that are with Child and such as have a stoppage of the Courses are often subject to the same nor does such a Swelling certainly indicate a Dropsie for when an old Man of a gross Habit of Body having been a long while afflicted with an Asthma is suddenly freed from it in the Winter presently a great Swelling seises the Legs yet notwithstanding generally speaking the Swelling of the Legs is to be accounted a Sign of an approaching Dropsie Three Symptoms accompany this Disease Difficulty of Breathing little Urine and great Thirst There are two sorts of Tumours of the Belly that resemble a Dropsie that are common to Women the first is a preternatural Excrescence of the Flesh in the parts within the Belly which makes the Belly as Bulky as when Water is included in it the other kind arises from Wind which does not only occasion a Tumour but also other Signs of Breeding Widdows are most inclined to this sort or such Women as were not married till they were in Years The true and genuine curative Indications are wholly to be directed either to the Evacuation of the Water contained in the Belly and other Parts or to strengthen the Blood That Purging may be instituted to the Advantage of the Patient we ought to know whether the Sick is easily purged or hardly which can be known no other Way than by Inquiry how purging Remedies used at other times worked A Dropsie above all other Diseases requires the strongest and quickest Purges and the Sick ought to be purged every day unless by reason of the Weakness of the Body or the too violent Operation of the preceding Purge he ought to rest a day or two for you must not leave off purging unless Necessity urge till all the Water is quite carried off For those that are easily purged Syrup of Buck-thorn may be sufficient to carry off the Water But when the Sick is of such a Constitution that gentle Catharticks will not work quickly nor easily stronger must be given for which I have frequently prescribed the following Potion with Success Take of Tamarinds half an ounce of the Leaves of Senna two drams of Rubarb one dram and an half boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water to three ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve of Manna and Syrup of Roses solutive each one ounce of Syrup of Buck-thorn half an ounce of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses two drams mingle them make a Potion But this Potion must be given only to strong People it purges when other things will not as I have found by frequent experience Or Take of White-wine four ounces of Jalap finely powdered one dram of Ginger powdered one Scruple of Syrup of Buck-thorn one ounce mingle them make a Potion to to be taken early in the Morning and to be repeated every Day or every other Day according to the Strength But two Medicines remain which in my Opinion are better than all the rest for those that are difficultly purged I mean Elaterium and the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum Elaterium or the Fecula of wild Cucumbers being given in a small quantity purge watery Humours powerfully for two grains of it are a sufficient Dose for most People I used to mix it with a scruple of the Pill ex duobus and to make three small Pills to be taken in the Morning As to the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum an ounce and an half of it or two ounces for those that are difficultly vomited given in a Morning and repeated daily according to the Strength of the Sick though it may seem at first only to evacuate the Water contained in the Stomach yet at length it will free the Belly from the Waters that are in it But if the foresaid Vomit does not sufficiently purge the Belly for it uses to purge at last after the third or fourth Dose of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum by it self I sometimes though rarely use the following Take of the Water of Carduus Benedictus three ounces of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum one ounce and an half of Syrup of Buck-thorn half an ounce of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses two drams mingle them make a Potion But here it is to be noted that if the Swelling of the Belly be but small the Water is not so easily evacuated by the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum as when the Dropsie is great and a great quantity of Water is heaped up wherefore unless the Belly be much swelled it is best to do all by things that purge downwards But you must take notice that it often happens that Water is cast not only upon the Thighs and Legs but also into the Cavity of the Belly and yet it is not to be evacuated by Purging Medicines For Instance When such a Tumour follows a long Consumption or when it is occasioned by the Putrefaction of some of the Bowels or from the Tone of the Blood spoiled and the Spirits exhausted or by long continuance of Fistula's in Carnous Parts or occasioned by great Weakness and Evacuations by Sweating Fluxing or by violent purging and by a thin Diet in the Cure of the French Pox in these Cases the Patient will be rendered worse by purging wherefore we must endeavour all we can to strengthen the Blood and Bowels And among Remedies to this purpose which are to be mentioned by and by I have found by Experience that the change of the Air and Exercise in a free Air such as the Sick can bear answers this Indication excellently well And when the Sick is of a weakly Constitution or a Woman subject to Vapours neither Purge nor Vomits must be used but you must endeavour to evacuate the Water by Diureticks I order one
the Belly twice a day for the space of half an hour afterwards apply a Cataplasm made of Cows-dung and the powder of Dogs-dung or the following Plaister Take of the Plaister of Sope that is of the red-lead Plaister with a sufficient quantity of Venice Sope spread it thin upon thin Leather and apply it to the Belly and renew it within ten or twelve Days Altering Medicines are also requisite Take of the Filings of Steel finely powdered two drams of the distilled Water above described a quart of the Syrup of the five opening Roots two ounces mingle them in a Glass and let them clarifie by standing The dose is three or four ounces in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon Take of the Powder of the Roots of Wake-robin and of Crabs-eyes each three drams of Sal-Prunella two drams of Vitriol of Mars one dram and an half of Anthosat Sugar two drams mingle them the dose is half a dram in a convenient Vehicle And Medicines are to be prescribed against Fainting Difficulty of Breathing Watching and Drouth Cordials Take of the Waters of Orange-flowers of the Flowers of Marigolds and of Camomil each three ounces of Dr. Stephens's water two ounces of Tincture of Saffron two drams of Sugar one ounce of Pearls one dram make a Julep the Dose is four or five spoonfuls thrice or oftner in a Day Take of the Conserve of Marigold-flowers two ounces of Confection of Atkermes and of Hyacinth each two drams of Pearls powdered one ounce of the Syrup of the Juice of Citron a sufficient quantity make a Confection let him take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening drinking upon it a draught of the Julep Hypnoticks Take of the hysterick-Hysterick-water six drams of Diacodium half an ounce mingle them let it be taken at Bed-time Or Take of Syrup of Cowslips three Spoonfuls of compound peony-Peony-water one spoonful of Laudanum tartarized one dram let a spoonful be taken in the Night if the Sick cannot sleep To quench the Thirst without much drinking which is always very prejudicial let the Sick lick often a small quantity of the following Linctus Take of Conserve of Wood-sorrel pulped three ounces of the Pulp of Tamarinds two ounces of Sal-prunella one dram of the Syrup of the Juice of Wood-sorrel a sufficient quantity make a Linctus CHAP. LXXXIV Of an Anasarca AN Anasarca is a white soft Swelling of the outward parts of the Body or of some of them it yields to the Touch and will pit and is occasioned by watry Humours extravasated As to the Cure there are two things chiefly to be minded First That the Water within the Skin should be evacuated Secondly That Care be taken to prevent the heaping up of new Water to which End we must endeavour the Viscera of Concoction being freed from Obstructions and Filth that good Chyle be made and carried in a due quantity to the Mass of Blood and that it be sufficiently fermented The Vital Indication is of little use in this Disease because there is seldom Fainting or Watching for which Cordials and Hypnoticks are required and also a strengthning diet for Fasting and Abstinence do good in this Case and often perform the greatest part of the Cure for the Vessels being emptied by Fasting absorb the Waters within the Skin or stagnating elsewhere and evacuate them by the Reins or the Pores of the Skin or otherwise The Sick must use purging Medicines prescrib'd for a Dropsie and the same Diureticks A Decoction of the Woods is also very proper Take of the Shavings of Guajacum six ounces of Sassafras two ounces of all the Sanders each six drams of Ivory and Hartshorn rasped each three drams infuse them and boil them in four quarts of fountain-Fountain-water till half is consumed adding to it the Roots of Sweet-smelling Flag of the lesser Galingal of Burdock and Butter-bur each one ounce of the Leaves of Sharp-sage and of dried Germander each two handfuls keep the strained Liquor for use the Dose is eight or ten ounces hot twice a Day to every Dose add twenty or five and twenty drops of Spirit of Saâ—armoniack with Amber or of Soot or of the Tincture of Salt of Tartar half a dram or a dram Frictions do often good in an Anasarca wherefore the whole Body may be rubb'd once or twice a day with a course Napkin or with Brushes made for that Purpose Blisters evacuate the Water plentifully but there is Danger of a Gangrene by the use of them But Escharoticks may be more safely used than Blisters an Emperick often evacuated successfully Water from the Members of Dropsical People if they were never so much swelled in the following manner by an Escharotick viz First he fomented their Legs Morning and Evening with a Decoction of Dwarf-elder Wormwood Camomil and other hot Herbs the grounds of Beer or Wine being added to it and betwixt the times of Bathing he applied a Cataplasm made of the Dregs of the Decoction and Bran after these things had been used three days he covered the Legs and Feet with a Plaister made of Burgundine-pitch leaving only upon each Calf a little hole about the bigness of a small Nut in which places he applied an Escarotick Medicine to the naked Skin made of the Ashes of the Bark of the Ash which being taken off after twelve hours a small Eschar remained from the pores whereof the Water first drained gently and daily afterwards it dropt more freely but when the Eschar cast it flowed as from a Fountain till it had emptied the Legs Another Way remains as good as the former but less us'd to drain the Water viz. By pricking with a Needle which also must be used cautiously and leisurely lest the Flux of Waters should be too great provide such a Needle as Tailors use and prick the Place that is most swelled with it so as that the Blood may not come you must prick only six or seven Holes at at a time at the Distance of the Breadth of a Thumb one from the other the Water will break out drop by drop from each Hole continually till all the Swelling about the Parts prick'd disappears and then the next time sometimes after twelve hours sometimes after eighteen and sometimes after twenty four prick again in another part of the same Leg or in the other and so once or twice a day in this or that Member in one or two or more at a time for the Water may be drawn more plentifully and safer this Way than any other and if the Breeding of new Water be prevented by Medicines the Disease will be easily cured Moreover in a deplorable Dropsie the Life may be prolonged this way An old Man of Seventy Years of Age that was dropsical all over kept his Head above Water and lived many Months by this means contrary to Expectation But to strengthen and restore the Blood the following Medicines must be used Take of Conserve of Sea-wormwood of Scurvy-grass and the yellow Peel
an Egg six drams Oyl of Saint Johns-wort ten drams mingle them make a Glister After the Glister hath done Working a Vein may be opened in the Arm. It is diligently to be observed that Purging Medicines are not to be given until the pain be somewhat abated notwithstanding a Vomit may be proper at that time Take of Salt of Vitriol two Scruples it may be taken in a draught of Posset-drink with Regiment Those Medicines are to be taken at the Mouth that dilate the Passages and mitigate the Pain Take of White-wine compound-compound-water of Horse-radish each one ounce and an half of the Juice of Lemmons one spoonful and an half of Tartar vitriolated one scruple Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce Syrup of Marshmallows two ounces Powder of Nutmeg one scruple make a draught let it be taken warm Take of the Decoction of the Syrup of Marshmallows two Pints sweeten it with Syrup of Water-lillies and Marsh-mallows add to it six ounces of White-wine a large draught of it may be taken warm When the Pain is very violent Narcoticks must be used Take of the Waters of Pellitory of the Wall Saxifrage and Cowslips each one ounce Syrup of Poppies six drams London Laudanum one grain mix them make a draught to be taken at bed-time Take of Mathews's Pill half a Scruple of Turpentine half a dram mix them make four Pills to be taken at Bed-time But because a great quantity of crude Humours ordinarily accompanies this Disease some purging Medicine must be given Take of whole Cassia half an ounce boil it in a sufficient quantity of the Decoction of Senna Geronis to three ounces of the strained Liquor add of choice Manna one ounce mingle them make a Draught to be taken with Regiment Or Take of choice Manna two ounces dissolve it in four ounces of milk-Milk-water add to the strained Liquor two scruples of Cream of Tartar Anoint well with a warm Hand the Region of the Kidneys and Ureters with the Oyntment of Marshmallows and Oyl of Scorpions of Mathiolus The following Medicines are often used Take of Turpentine of Chios two drams of Balsam of Tolu half a dram with a sufficient quantity of Troches of Alkakengi make middling Pills let four of them be taken at Bed-time Take of the Powders of Crabs-eyes and of Millepedes each two Scruples of the Seeds of Daucus powdered and of Sal-prunella each one scruple make a Powder to be divided into four Parts let one be taken at Bed-time To prevent this Disease Tunbridge-waters and the like and Whey drank for the Space of a Month in the Spring are good In the use of all Diureticks this is perpetually to be observed viz. They must not be frequently given The immoderate Heat of the Reigns may be qualified by wearing continually upon them Plates of Lead with holes in them CHAP. LXXXVII Of the Stone in the Bladder IT is very difficult to know this Disease especially at the beginning when the Stone is small but when it is great it is easily known The first Sign is a pain in the Neck of the Bladder which is exasperated about the end of making Water and stretches it self to the Glans it is very like a Heat of Urine and can scarce be distinguished from it at first till other Signs begin to appear The second Sign is an itching on the Yard which forces the Sick to handle and scratch it often The Third Sign is a Weight in the Peritonaeum and in all the Region of the Pubis with a heavy Pain this is when the Stone is large The fourth Sign when the Stone is large there is a great Difficulty in making Water the Sick endeavours to make Water often but renders it by drops The sixth Sign is a Suppression of Urine in making Water when it stops suddenly in the middle Course the Stone being brought with the Urine to the Neck of the Bladder The sixth Sign is the voiding Urine most easily upon lying on the Back because the Stone in that Position goes farthest from the Channel of the Bladder also when the Urine being suppressed in making Water flows freely when the Body is laid back and shook the Stone falling then to the bottom of the Bladder The seventh Sign is frequent Erection of the Penis which prooceeds from a retention of the Urine and from an Inflammation of the Bladder occasioned by the rubbing of the Stone The eighth Sign is a Tenesmus and a frequent Endeavour to go to Stool which follows the Endeavours of making Water by reason of the consent betwixt the Sphincter of the Anus and the Bladder and the one being irritated the other is so too because they receive Branches from the same Nerve The ninth Sign is that the Sick cannot rest in one place they move their Legs alternately and if the Stone be large he can scarce stand upright or ride or walk in stony places The tenth Sign is that the Sick are eased by no Remedies but most commonly grow worse thereby because all Medicines that come to the Urinary Passages increase the Disease either by bringing new matter to the Bladder or they rub off the Flegm which encompasseth the Stone and then it grates harder upon the Bladder The eleventh Sign is that when the Sick has been subject to Nephritick Pains and used to void Gravel at the end of the Fit If after such Pain he has not voided a Stone as he was wont it is a Sign that the Stone remains in the Bladder and increases by degrees and occasions the foresaid Symptoms The Cure is much the same with that described in the foregoing Chapter when the Stone is small Water distil'd from Onyons being used for forty days has evacuated a Stone of the bigness of a Bean But daily Experience shews that a Stone cannot be dissolved in the Bladder by any Medicines wherefore we are generally forced to leave such Patients to the Lithotomist and having been intimately acquainted with one of the chiefest Lithotomists in the City of London and made some Observations upon his Practice I find that Children bear cutting well and generally recover but that Men past forty Years of Age most commonly die If the Sick will not undergo Cutting or if it be not safe by reason of his Age gentle Medicines must be used such as are prescribed for Heat of Urine least the Stone should ulcerate the Neck of the Bladder by its Roughness upon which it is often rolled and if it happen to be thrust upon the Neck of the Bladder and so stop the Urine the Patient must lie upon his Back and you must endeavour to remove it by shaking the Body and lifting up the Legs afterwards you must use an emollient Fomentation or Bath and you must force back the Stone with a Catheter CHAP. LXXXVIII Of an Inflammation of the Reins and Bladder BEcause an Inflammation of the Reins and Bladder is cured by the same Remedies therefore we include them both in one Chapter The Signs of an
Inflammation of the Reins are a heavy Pain in the Region of the Reins and there is sometimes a pulsation If the place wherein the Arteries are be affected and the Pain is extended to the neighbouring Parts so that the Sick cannot raise himself upright nor stand and but difficultly turn himself to the opposite side neither can he lie upon that side nor upon his Belly and therefore he is forced perpetually to lie upon his Back if his Knees or if his Body be any way moved the Pain is much exasperated there is a Numbness of the same side by reason of a Nerve which goes from thence to the Leg his Urine is hot and in the beginning thin and yellow afterwards red and thick The Sick has a continual and acute Feaver and it is often accompanied with watchings a Delirium Nauseousness and Vomiting But in an Inflammation of the Bladder the Pain is seated upon the Region of the Pubis and Perinaeum in which Parts there is a Heat and sometimes an apparent Redness the Urine is always hot and voided difficultly the Passage being stopt by the Tumour and the right Gut is affected by reason of its Nearness upon which account there is frequent endeavours to go to stool and sometimes the Belly is bound There are also other Symptoms that are common with the Inflammation of the Reins as a Feaver watching and the like The Cure of an Inflammation in the Reins and Bladder is performed by Medicines that cause Revulsion and Derivation and by such as cool and moderately repel by Anodyn resolving and suppurating Medicines And First Bleeding is very necessary twice thrice or oftener acccording to the Strength until the Fluxion is stopped and the Pain abated A large quantity of Blood being taken away from the upper Veins the lower are to be opened also in the Foot to make Derivation The Hemorrhoidal Veins are also to be opened especially if they are swelled and Cupping-glasses with Scarification are to be applied to the upper and lower parts to make Revulsion Frictions and painful Ligatures of the extream parts are also to be used Emollient cooling and moderately loosning Glisters must be injected in a small quantity Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the Leaves of Mallows Violets and Lettice each one handful of sweet Prunes four pair of Barley cleansed and of the Flowers of Violets each one Pugil make a Decoction to eight or ten ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Cassia of Oyl of Violets four ounces of Yolks of Eggs number two make a Glister The Heat of the Blood must be mitigated by Juleps and Emulsions Take of the Waters of Endive Lettice and Purslain each four ounces of Syrup of Pomegranates two ounces of Syrup of Water-lillies one ounce mingle them make a Julep for three Doses to be taken Morning or Evening Or Take of the Roots of Sorrel two ounces of the Leaves of Mallows Plantane Purslain and Endive each one handful of the Tops of white Poppies half an handful of the Seeds of Annise and Lettice each one dram of the Flowers of Borrage Violets and Water-lillies each one pugil boil them to a Pint and an half then add of the Syrup of Pomegranates four ounces Or Take of sweet Almonds blanced one ounce of fresh Pine-nuts half an ounce of the Seeds of Lettice Sorrel Purslain and white Poppies each three drams beat them in a marble Mortar and pour upon them of the Waters of Barley or Lettice or Purslain one Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of Sugar of Roses make an Emulsion for three Doses Syrup of Poppies may be conveniently added to this Emulsion to restrain the Fluxion more powerfully Cooling Glisters must be also injected In the Beginning of these Inflammations Purging is not convenient but at the Declination gentle Purges may be used as of Manna Cassia Rubarb Tamarinds and the like But cooling and moderately repelling Medicines must be used outwardly at the beginning as liquid Epithems made of the Waters or Juices of Plantane Sorrel Endive Night-shade and of Roses with a little Vinegar red Sanders and Camphor also Liniments of Oyl of Roses Omphacine and of Violets the white Oyntment or Populeon alone or mixed a little Vinegar being added to them may be applied almost cold to the Parts every hour If the Pain be very violent it will not be improper to add to the Epithem or Liniment a little Opium or Saffron A Cataplasm may be also made of Barley-meal with the Juice of Endive Purslain and Night-shade Oyl of Roses being added to it and Populeum Oyntment but it must be frequently changed before it grows hot But here three things are to be observed First We must not continue too long the use of cooling Medicines least the Expulsion of the conjunct matter by Sweat should be hindred and the Tumours should grow Scirrhous Secondly in an Inflammation of the Bladder things that are but a little cooling and astringent must be used least a Suppression of Urine should happen which is a Symptom that is very frequent of it self in this Disease Thirdly Cataplasms are not so proper in an Inflammation of the Bladder as Liniments and Oyntments because they oppress the part with their Weight Wherefore when cooling Medicines have been used a very little while and after Bleeding repeated the Fluxion being pretty well stopt we must use Emollients and gentle Resolvents as Fomentations made of a Decocton of the Roots of Marsh-mallows of the Leaves of Mallows Violets Pellitory of the Seeds of Flax Fenugreek Mallows and of Cotton of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Rosemary and Roses and Liniments are to be applied of Oyl of Lillies Roses and with a little Oyl of Camomile The following Pultis is very softning and Anodyne Take of the Crums of white Bread one pound boil them in Goats-milk to the Consistence of a Pultiss then add the Yolks of three Eggs of Oyl of Roses four ounces of Saffron half a dram make a Cataplasm it must be often changed a little Opium and Camphor may be added to it if the Pain be very violent If there be danger of a Gangrene a corroborating Cataplasm must be made of the Meal of Beans Orobus and of Lupins boiled in Wine But when the Inflammation is in a manner taken off then resolving Decoction and Liniments must be used In the whole course of the Disease respect must be always had to the Feaver Pain Watchings Suppressions of Urine and the like And to ease the Pain of the Bladder Anodyne Suppositories or Yolks of Eggs with a little Opium and with the Juice of Henbane or the like must be tied up in a rag and put up the Fundament If the Inflammation of the Reins cannot be discussed but tends to Suppuration which may be known by the Increase of the Feaver of the Pain and of other Symptoms also by shaking and Vomiting and by a greater Weight about the Part especially when
three Doses adding to each one ounce of Syrup of Violets and a dram of Sal-prunella if the Pain be very violent some Syrup of Poppies may be added to it and a dram of Gum Arabick powdered Broths may be also prepared in the following manner Take of the Roots of Marshmallows half an ounce of Mallows one handful of Liquorish half an ounce of the Seeds of Quinces one dram boil them with Chicken Broth and let it be taken for several Days together The Whey of Goats Milk is also very good a large draught of it being taken at a time and if there be no Feaver milk it self is more effectual especially Asses Milk If the Disease is inveterate Epsom and tunbridge-Tunbridge-waters are very proper Forestus cured himself of a violent Dysury by only using a Decoction of Mallows sweetned with Syrup of Violets a Conserve of Mallows has also done much good an ounce of it having been taken Morning and Evening and three ounces of mallow-Mallow-Water being drank presently after the Conserve of the Flowers of Marshmallows is as good or rather better some Practitioners commend the Troches of Alkakengi a dram of them being taken at a Time in some proper Liquor When the Pain is very violent the dipping the Yard in Milk whilst the Urine is rendring or in a Decoction of Mallows and the Seeds of white Poppies does much good in this case A small decoction of Mallows sweetned with Syrup of Violets or with Conserve of Roses is very proper for the ordinary Drink And to ease the Pain Injections may be made for the Passage of the Bladder of Milk an Emulsion of the cold Seeds of Plantane and Whey whereunto may be added the White of an Egg well beaten and a Scruple of the Troches of Alkakengi External Remedies do also much good to qualifie the Heat of Urine as Baths and Fomentations applied to the Pubis and Perinaeum made of a Decoction of cooling Herbs also Liniments made of Oyls of Roses of white-lillies and of Oyntment of Roses and of the white Oyntment with Camphor CHAP. XCV Of a Chlorosis or the Green-Sickness THe Green-Sickness is a vitious Habit of the Body proceeding from Obstructions it is accompanied most commonly with a Palpitation of the Heart Difficulty of Breathing and a longing for absurd things and with an Unfitness for Motion and other Symptoms The Diagnostick manifestly appears by the following Series of Symptoms First The Face and whole Body is pale and sometimes of a leaden livid and green Colour Secondly An Inflation and as it were a Swelling appears upon the Eye-lids the Legs also swell especially about the Ankles Thirdly There is a Dulness and Unwillingness for Motion Fourthly There is a Difficulty of Breathing especially when they move much or go up Stairs Fifthly There is a Palpitation of the Heart upon Motion Sixthly There is a heavy and often a lasting pain of the Head Seventhly The Pulse is quick Eighthly The Sick are drowsie and incline to Sleep Ninthly There is a great Aversion for wholesome Food Lastly The Disease increasing and the Obstructions being multiplied a Suppression of the Courses at length follows which shews the Disease is confirmed As to the Prognostick This Disease most commonly is noâ— dangerous but if it be neglected too much it occasions great Diseases as a Scirrhus Tumours a Dropsie and other grietvous Diseases which at length kill the Patient When the Disease is small and chiefly arises from Obstructions of the Veins of the Womb it is easily cured by Marriage in Young Virgins Women that have had this Disease a long while are either barren or bring forth Children that are Sickly and short liv'd There is great Hopes of Cure when the Courses keep their exact Periods and flow in a due Quantity and Quality The Cure of this Disease is performed by opening Obstructions by purging off the vitious Humours by Correcting the Intemperies of the Bowels and by Strengthning them First therefore A gentle Purging Medicine must be given that is agreeable to the Constitution that the first Region may be only emptied and if the Belly be bound a Glister must be given first of all Afterwards Bleeding must be ordered unless the Disease is very inveterate and the Maid be inclined to a Cachexy But a Vein in the Arm must be opened though the Courses are stopped for at that Time if you should bleed in the Foot the Obstructions of the Veins and of the Womb would be increased That quantity of Blood being taken away that is necessary proper Purges must be used viz. Take of the Pill Coch Major two Scruples of Castor powdered two grains of Peruvian Balsam four Drops make four Pills let her take them at five in the Morning and let her sleep after them Let these Pills be repeated twice or thrice every Morning or every other Morning according to the Strength of the Sick and their Operation After the purging Pills let her take the following Take of the Filings of Steel grains eight with a sufficient quantity of Extract of Wormwood make two Pills to be taken in the Morning and they must be repeated at five in the Afternoon She must continue this Course for thirty Days drinking presently after the Pills a Draught of Wormwood Wine If a Bolus be more pleasing Take of the Conserve of Roman-Wormwood and of the Conserve of the yellow Peel of Oranges each one ounce of candied Angelica and Nutmegs candied and of Venice Treacle each half an ounce of Ginger candied two drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Oranges Make an Electuary Take of this Electuary one dram and an half of the Filings of Steel well powdered eight grains with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Oranges make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning and at five in the afternoon drinking upon it a draught of Wormwood-wine Take of choice Mirrh and of Galbanum each one dram and an half of Castor sixteen grains with a sufficient quantity of Peruvian Balsam make twelve Pills of each dram Let her take three every Night at Bed time drinking upon them three or four Spoonfuls of compound Briony water through the whole Course But if these Pills should purge then the following must be used instead of them Take of Castor one dram of Volatile Salt of Ambar half a dram with a sufficient quantity of Extract of Rue make five and twenty small Pills Let her take three every Night at Bed-time CAHP. XCVI Of the Suppression of the Courses THere is said to be a Suppression of the Courses when in Women of a mature Age that neither give suck nor are with Child the Evacuation of Blood by the Womb which naturally is wont to be monthly seldom or sparingly proceeds or is wholly stopt The Cause of this Suppression is to be referred either to the Womb or to the Vessels of it or to the Blood which flows or ought to flow through them Various Diseases of the Womb may occasion this Suppression namely a
Apozems Juleps Broath Milk Whey cold mineral Waters and the like which are commonly prescribed for any Cancer But Purging most especially must be repeated that the antecedent Cause of the Cancer may be diverted Topicks must also be applied which moderately bind and cool without Sharpness they must especially be used in form of Liniments Take of Oyl of Myrtles and of Roses each two ounces of the Juice of Night-shade and of Housleek each one ounce stir them all about in a leaden Mortar with a leaden Pestle till they grow black then add of Litharge and Cerus washed in Scabious Water each three ounces of Tutty prepared two drachms of Camphor ten grains make a Liniment wherewith anoint the Part three or four times in a day Or Take of the Oils of the Yolks of Eggs and of Roses each one ounce and an half of Sacharum Saturni one drachm stir them about in a leaden Mortar till they change colour The following is better than the rest and with it Tumors of the Paps which are counted cancerous may be perfectly cured Take of the Oil of Yolks of Eggs two ounces of the Juice of Night-shade and Speedwel or of Housleek each half an ounce of crude Mercury two drachms stir them about in a leaden Mortar with a leaden Pestle till they acquire the consistence of a Liniment The foresaid Liniments are to be put into the Womb with a long Tent or with a Wax-Candle wrapt round with a Rag But Injections may be much easier used Take of Barly-Water half a pint of the Waters of Night-shade and Plantain each two ounces of the Water of Speedwel one ounce of the white Troches of Rhasis two drachms of Sacharum Saturni one drachm Make an injection If the Pain be very violent add to four ounces of the Injection one ounce of the Syrup of Popies Foment the part affected with the Waters of Plantain and Night-shade or with the decoction of them whereunto may be added the Leaves of Water-lillies white Poppies and red Roses and Camphor which Decoction may be also frequently injected into the Womb and it will be much more effectual if it be stirr'd about in a leaden Mortar or if Sacharum Saturni be mixed with it Among Specificks are commended Frogs wash'd and boil'd and apply'd instead of a Cataplasm or a decoction of them injected also the decoction or juice of River-crabs injected into the Womb or Herb-Robert taken inwardly or apply'd If the Cancer be ulcerated the Dose of the Minerals to be added to the foresaid Linimenss must be increas'd and the Ashes of River-Crabs may be conveniently added to them but with the Injections may be mixt the white Troches of Rhasis and Barly-water If the Pain be very violent Fomentations of Mallows Marsh-mallows Water-lillies Poppies Henbane green Coriander Dill of the seed of Psyllium Milk Saffron and the like may be used by Intervals or a Cataplasm made of them may be apply'd with which also Decoctions Injections and Baths may be also prepar'd But all these things are not sometimes sufficient to appease the violent Pain which sometimes will not suffer the sick to sleep or rest so that we are forced sometimes to use Narcoticks and indeed they are not injurious in this Disease I knew a Woman that was afflicted with a Cancer in her Breast who took every Night for four Months two or three Grains of Laudanum and was much reliev'd by it If much Blood flow from a Cancer ulcerated as it often happens inject into the Womb the juice of Plantain with a little Frankincense CHAP. CII Of a Gangrene and Mortification of the Womb. A Gangrene is an incipient Mortification this Disease is easily generated in a Womans Privities because those Parts are very moist and soft and easily receive the Excrements of the whole Body it often succeeds an Inflammation Absess or Ulcer ill cured when the vital heat of the part is suffocated and destroy'd it is suffocated in great Inflammations when more Blood flows in than the innate heat of the part can digest 't is destroy'd either by a cold Intemperies that extinguishes it or by an hot that dissipates and resolves it An incipient Gangrene is known by an unusual heat that is perceiv'd in the part a shaking and shivering also invades with a languid and frequent Pulse and with Fainting and because most commonly this Disease is chiefly seated on the Neck of the Womb and so the part affected may be seen that appears soft livid black and cadaverous and may be prick'd and cut without feeling and sends forth a fetid and cadaverous Stink As to the prognostick this Disease is very dangerous and most commonly deadly But it has been observed by many Authors that the Womb having been corrupted or gangren'd has fallen off of its own accord or has been cut off and the Woman has done well The Cure is to be perform'd by the same Remedies wherewith the Gangrenes of the other parts us'd to be cur'd if the Gangrene be in the neck of the Womb or tend towards the external parts Scarification must be us'd and a decoction of Wormwood Myrrh and the like also Unguentum Aegyptiacum and a Cataplasm made of the three Meals Take of the Meals of Barly Beans and Orobus each two ounces of Oxymell one pint boil them to the consistenee of a Cataplasm but it will be more effectual if you add the Meal of Lupines Myrrh Aloes and Wormwood But if it be wholly corrupted it must be cut off or in a falling of the Womb it must be bound by degrees harder and harder till at length it falls off of which Operations Schenkius has collected many Observations In the whole course of the Cure Corroboratives must be us'd and emollient cleansing and cooling Glisters must be frequently injected CHAP CIII Of a Dropsie and Inflation of the Womb. THE Inflation and Dropsie are confounded by almost all Authors but they are to be distinguish'd for there is a certain Inflation of the Womb which ought not to be call'd a Dropsie viz. when the Womb is inflated and stretch'd suddenly by Wind rushing in upon which account a violent pain is occasioned as it happens in the Cholick and therefore if this Inflation does not last long it does not deserve the name of a Dropsie such an one is often in hysterick Diseases Wherefore a Dropsie of the Womb is twofold one from Wind which is like a Timpany another from a watry Humour which is like the Dropsie of the Belly Some add a third from Phlegm And first of Wind contain'd in the cavity of the Womb. Sennertus mentions an observation in a Woman That when she thought she was with Child and about to be deliver'd evacuated a great quantity of Wind and her Belly presently asswag'd He also mentions Observations of great quantities of Water contain'd in the cavity of the Womb. But Authors testifie That Water is sometimes contain'd in Bladders and excluded in them and sometimes a Dropsie of
Syrup of the five opening Roots make an Electuary Let her take the quantity of a large Nutmeg every third Hour drinking upon it three or four spoonfuls of the following Mixture Take of the Water of Penny Royal and Balm each three ounces of compound briony-Briony-Water two ounces of Syrup of Mugwort three ounces and an half of Saffron two drachms of Castor tied up in a Rag and hanged in the Glass one scruple mingle them If these things are used presently upon the Suppression they generally take it off But if they have been used so long that all the quantity is taken and the Lochia are still stopt in this case we may use Laudanum for once but it is best to mix it with hysterick things For instance Take of liquid Laudanum sixteen drops in a spoonful of compound Briony-water Or Take of solid Laudanum one grain and an half of Assa Fetida one scruple and an half Make two Pills But it must be carefully noted that if upon once taking the Business is not done Opium by no means must be repeated again But having waited a while to see what it will do we must return again to Emmenagoges mix'd with Hystericks and afterwards we must Inject a Glister But what was said before of Opium is also to be taken notice of in respect of Glisters for unless the first bring down the Lochia nothing is to be hoped for from more These things therefore being done it is safest and the duty of a prudent Physician to wait and see what Time will do for every Day the Danger will lessen and if the Sick live over the twentieth Day she will be in a manner out of Danger for then she will be able to bear that Method which is fittest to conquer the Diseases which were occasioned by the Suppression of the Lochia CHAP. CXI Of After-Pains PAins happen so frequently to Women in Childbed that few are free from them but they seldom require the Physicians help because they usually cease in two or three Days But if they are sharp and continue longer they are forced to send for Physicians who before they prescribe ought to enquire into the causes of the Pains The chief Causes therefore of Pains after Labour are a great quantity of Blood the Thickness and Acrimony of it and the Narrowness of the Vessels for when the Veins of the Womb have ceased to evacuate Blood for nine Months and when that is heaped up in a great quantity and also grows thick and acrimonious by it's long stay it occasions Pain while it passes through the narrow Passages which returns by Intervals as often as the Womb endeavours the Evacuation of the Blood And when that is over the Pain ceases till more Blood endeavours to come out These Pains are also sometimes occasioned by Wind or cold received into the Womb but the Pain seldom happens from these Causes This Pain is distinguished from other Pains that are wont to afflict the Belly by the continuance or Intervals which follow the Evacuation of Blood and Women can easily distinguish them themselves The thick Blood easily coagulates but the thin is known by its thinness and fresh colour If the Pain arises from Wind it is more wandring and possesses more parts of the Belly nor does it follow the Intervals of the Evacuation of Blood If cold Air be admitted into the Womb it may be known by those things which have been done about the Woman These Pains are not dangerous but are most commonly very troublesome and therefore are to be taken off or asswaged as soon as may be As to the Cure the Vessels of the Womb must be relaxed and the thickness of the Blood attenuated and its Acrimony qualified all which may be done by the following means And first the Woman's Belly must be gently swathed that it may subside and not move hither and thither as it often happens after Delivery upon so sudden an evacuation and then give of Oil of Almonds fresh drawn three ounces mixed with an ounce and an half of Syrup of Violets And Glisters may be injected made of Milk and Sugar and Yolks of Eggs or they may be prepared of a Decoction of Camomel-flowers and of Mugwort in Chicken-broath adding to them Oil of Lillies and Yolks of Eggs. And the Belly of the Woman must be anointed with Carminitive and Aperitive Oils as with Oil of Dill Rue Jasmin or with the following which is very effectual which may be prepared for this use in due season and kept in the Shops Take of the Roots of round Birth-wort of Orris and Peony each one ounce of Cyprus half an ounce of the dried Leaves of Mugwort Feverfew wild Marjoram Calaminth Pennyroyal Dittany of Creet of Wormwood Savin Rue Bettony and Sage each one handful of the Flowers of Rosemary Stechas Lavender Camomel Dill S. John's Wort Elder each half an handful of the Grains of Lawrel and Juniper each half an ounce of Cummin the Seeds of Rue Peony Daucas of the Chast Tree each three drachms of Cloves Nutmegs Cinnamon and Ginger each two drachms of Storax and Myrrh each one ounce Bruise them and cut them and infuse them in three quarts of old Oil adding a litte White-Wine keep them in an earthen Vessel well stopt for the space of a Week then boil them upon hot Ashes four or five hours then press out the Oil and keep it for use If you have it not ready prepared you may boil the Simples upon occasion with equal parts of Oil and White-Wine to the consumption of the Wine afterwards press out the Oil. A Fomentation may be also made of a Decoction of Mugwort Feverfew Baulm of the Leaves of Bays and Calaminth of the Seeds of Daucas Cummin and Caraways of the Flowers of Wall-flower and Camomel made in Water and White-Wine or in Milk Or the following Cataplasm may be applied Take of Onions boil'd in Water number three or four bruise them in a Mortar and add to them of the Seeds of Cummin and Flax bruised each one handful With a sufficient quantity of the Flowers of Camomel and Barly-meal make a Cataplasm and if there be occasion add a little of the Water wherein the Onions were boil'd Spread it upon a cloath and apply it hot to the Navel It is also proper to cover the Belly with a Sheep's-skin fresh flea'd off and applied hot for the Heat of it is very agreeable it eases the Pain and keeps the Belly from wrinkling And the following things may be taken inwardly Take of the Seeds of Daucas powdered one drachm of White-Wine three ounces Mingle them and give it twice in a day Or Take of Nutmegs Aniseeds and Cinamon each one scruple Mingle them make a Powder give it with White-wine or one scruple of Oil of Nutmegs with Broath Forestus used the Flowers of Camomel in Beer or a Decoction of Camomel and Mugwort in Chicken-Broath with good Success It is good presently after Delivery to give the Broath of an
old Cock early in the Morning fasting for three Days with a little Cinnamon and Saffron The following Powder taken presently after Delivery preserves the Woman from Pain in a wonderful manner and some think if a Woman takes it the first Lying in she will never be troubled in Child-bed with these kind of Pains Take of Comfry dried one drachm of the Kernels of Peach-Stones and of Nutmegs each two scruples of Ambar half a drachm of Ambergrise half a scruple Make a Powder whereof let her take a drachm with White-Wine and if there be a Fever with Broath Let her use for her ordinary Drink a Decoction of Mugwort and Cinnamon When the Pains arise from Cholerick and Acrid Humors they must be cured in a manner the same way as the Cholick occasioned by Choler For instance Take of Syrup of Violets and of Borrage each one ounce of the Mucilage of the Seeds of Quinces extracted with violet-Violet-Water half an ounce of Borrage and scorzonera-Scorzonera-Water each three ounces mingle them make a Julep for two Doses Or Take of Oil of Sweet Almonds two ounces of Syrup of Violets one ounce of Borrage Water half an ounce Mingle them for one draught External Medicines that loosen and mollifie the Passages must be applied Child-bed Women after Delivery are often troubled with a Pain in the Groin it may be taken off by applying a Plaster of Galbanum and Assafetida to the Navel in the middle whereof some grains of Musk must be placed CHAP. CXII Of the Acute Diseases of Women in Child-bed THE Fever from Milk whilst the Child-bed Purgations proceed right seldom lasts beyond three Days for about that Time it usually goes off by a great Sweat coming of its own accord But this Intemperies occasioned by the coming of the Milk is somewhat heightned and continues longer when the Milk flows plentifully to the Breasts and is not milkt out but repelled For by its going back as well as its coming there is a Disturbance in the whole Body usually which comes more certainly if the Milk be driven violently back by Repelling Topicks Some common Rules are to be observed concerning the Coming of the Milk or in driving of it back If the Milk flow too freely into the Breasts that the Inflammation of them and the immoderate Effervescence of the Blood may be prevented a thin and spare Diet must be ordered viz. of Broath without Flesh and the Breasts must be often sucked and if it be not thought convenient that the Woman should give Suck it is customary on the First or Third day of Lying-in to apply over the Breasts moderately Astringent Cere-cloaths But this kind of Remedy must be used with Caution lest the Milk should be Excluded altogether or too hastily and so cause a disorder in the Blood and a putrid or malignant Fever of which we shall speak next Women with Child by reason their Bodies are ill affected are as it were infected with a Pestilential Contagion and so are very subject to a putrid or rather malignant Fever This Fever seizes Child-bed Women at various Seasons and upon several Occasions sometimes presently after Delivery especially if it has been difficult and hard sometimes on the first sometimes on the second third or fourth Week but the later it begins the better it goes off It begins and proceeds most commonly in the following manner After a previous Indisposition the Fever begins most commonly with a Shaking and Shivering which Heat presently follows and after that Sweat the first or second day fits of Heat and Cold succeed one another and then all the Blood being inflamed the Lochia if they were not suppressed before flow but little or quite stop If the Disease be acute and of quick motion it comes to its height the third or fourth day the Heat is violent and the Thirst very much the Pulse vehement and quick Watchings obstinate there is great Restlessness so that the Sick tumble from one side of the Bed to the other continually the Urin is thick and red and there are many other grievous Symptoms when this Fever is in its State no Crisis is to be expected for I never saw this Disease go off by a critical Sweat for when the Blood has a while Boyled the adust Matter being presently translated to the Brain dangerous disorders of the Genus Nervosum are occasioned and convulsive motions of the Tendons and inflations of the Bowels like Mother Fits and sometimes a Phrensie or Delirium and often a Stupoâ— and loss of Speech follow and the Strength is suddenly dejected almost in all without any manifest Cause the Pulse is weak and unequal and the Sick soon die And if any chance to escape the flux of the Courses being restored or a Loosness happening they recover difficultly after a long Sickness The acute Diseases of Women in Childbed are not always according to the manner of the fore-mentioned Fever but sometimes they are accompanied with some great Symptom as with a Quinsie Pleurisie Peripneumonia Bloody-flux Small-pox and the like Of these a Quinsie Pleurisie and Peripneumunia by reason of the great similitude of the Cause and analogy of the Cure may be considered together Presently at their first beginning we must endeavour that the Blood fixed any where and beginning to be Extravasated be restored to Circulation lest an Imposthume should be occasioned wherefore internal Remedies which free the Blood from Coagulation must be used of which sort are Diaphoreticks abounding with Volatile Salt as Spirit of Harts-horne and Soot Urin also Testaceous and Bezoartick Powders Lapis Prunella Decoctions and Juleps made of Vegetables that force Urine and the Courses with all which must be mixed such things as have been found by Experience to have been proper for Uterine Diseases Moreover Discutient Medicines which disperse the Matter Impacted such are Liniments Fomentations and Cataplasms must be carefully applied to the Parts affected In the mean while the violent Motion and immoderate Effervescence of the Blood must be driven far from thence and the Filth must be driven as much as possible downwards To this end Frictions Ligatures Epispasticks and if there be occasion Cupping-glasses must be applied about the Legs and Feet if the Disease be very violent Bleeding is indicated and unless there be a Plethora in the whole Body and the Inflammation be very acute in the Part affected it will be best to open a Vein in the Foot or to apply Leeches to the Hemorrhoidal Veins But if necessity urge we may Bleed in the Arm and afterwards if it can be admitted in the Foot But you must take notice that Bleeding must be cautiously used in these Cases for unless it does good which I have seldom found the Sick is in worse condition the Pulse being thereby rendred weaker A Dissentery is very often deadly and so much the rather because such things as qualifie the Blood and that moderately bind are Indicated but the flux of the Lochia forbid the use of them
be sustain'd by the weak neck As to the Prognostick of this Disease most commonly 't is not deadly but sometimes the Symptoms growing to a heighth it degenerates into a Consumption Hectic Fever Dropsie of the Lungs or an Ascitis and so at last is deadly but the Prognostick may be easier instituted by the following Rules First if this Disease invades before the Birth or presently after 't is very dangerous and most commonly deadly Secondly the sooner it comes the worse ' t is Thirdly the more violent the Symptoms are viz. if the Parts are very much disproportion'd and much wasted the Cure is the more difficult Fourthly if this Disease is accompanied with the foresaid Diseases it can scarce ever be cur'd Fifthly those that are not cured before they are five years of Age are ever after sickly Sixthly an Itch coming upon this Disease much conduces to the Cure Seventhly in those the Symptoms are not increased but rather lessened the Cure need not be doubted As to the Cure we must begin with Purging because most commonly there is abundance of slegmatick Humors heapt up in the Belly and the Bowels are frequently affected with scrophulous Tumors but Purging is to be instituted by Glisters Vomits and lenitive Catharticks The use and forms of some Glisters If the Belly be bound or the Bowels are troubl'd with Wind or Gripes Glisters must be us'd frequently which must not be only solutive but sometimes alterative and corroborative For instance Take of the leaves of Mallows one handful of the flowers of Melilot Camomile and Elder each one pugil of the seeds of Annise and Fennel bruis'd each half a drachm boil them in a sufficient quantity of new Goat's Milk to four five or six ounces of the strain'd Liquor add of red Sugar and of syrup of Violets and Roses each one ounce Make a Glister inject it warm a good while after Eating Take of the roots of Marshmallows bruis'd half an ounce of the leaves of Mallows and Pellitory each half an handful of the flowers of Camomil and Elder each one pugil of the Carminative seeds two drachms boil them in a sufficient quantity of Posset-drink to 5 or 6 ounces of the strained Liquor add of Lenitive Electuary or of Diacassia half an ounce of fresh Butter six drachms mingle them to be injected warm Corroborative Glisters may be made in the following manner Take of fresh Stone-Horse dung one ounce and an half of the flowers of Rosemary and Sage each one pugil of Juniper-berries two drachms of the seeds of Annise Fennel each half a drachm infuse them close and warm in a sufficient quantity of Whey in four ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve one ounce of brown Sugar and six drachms of fresh Butter mingle them make a Glister There may also be added if it seem convenient six drachms of Manna Take of Millepides washed number 20 or 30 bruise them and pour upon them 4 or 5 ounces of Posset-drink made of white Wine in the strained Liquor dissolve an ounce of brown Sugar and a drachm of Venice-Turpentine dissolved in the yolk of an Egg mingle them make a Glister to be injected warm The use of Vomits and Forms of them If the Stomach be burthened with vitious Humors and they tend upwards Vomits must be given but in the prescription of them respect must be had to the tender Age and they should consist rather of Salt of Vitriol and the Wine of Squills than of stibiat Medicines for it is not so safe to give these to Infants for fear of Convulsions though sometimes they may be of use Take of Wine or Oxymel of Squills half an ounce or an ounce which being taken give half an hour after a great quantity of Posset-drink and provoke Vomiting with the Finger and let it be repeated now and then Or Take of Oxymel of Squills half an ounce or an ounce if it does not vomit in half an hour give of Salt of Vitriol half a scruple or fifteen grains in a draught of Posset-drink If the Strength will bear stronger Vomits let them be used As Take of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum well clarified by standing one or two drachms according to the Age and Strength of Oxymel of Squills three drachms or half an ounce of simple walnut-Walnut-water or of the water of the lesser Centaury six drachms mingle them make a Vomit Forms of Catharticks Some days after Vomiting or if Vomiting be not to be used gentle Purging must be instituted and repeated by Intervals As Take of the Augustan syrup or of syrup of Succory with Rhubarb six drachms or an ounce of Cream of Tartar ten or fifteen Grains mingle them let them be taken early in a morning either by themselves or in a draught of Posset-drink Or Take of Calabrian Manna half an ounce or an ounce of Tartar vitriolated five or ten grains mingle them let them be taken in a morning in broath or in Posset-drink Take of the roots of Polypody of the Oak and of sharp pointed Dock each six drachms of the bark of the roots of Elder and of Dwarf-elder each half an ounce of the roots of flowering Fern male Fern and Succory each half an ounce of the herbs Agrimony Liverwort Speedwel Hartstongue and Spleenwort each half a handful boil them in three pints of fountain-Fountain-water to the consumption of a third part strain the Liquor into a matrass and put to it two ounces of Senna one ounce of Rhubarb of Dodder of Thyme and yellow Sanders each two drachms of the seeds of Annise and Fennel each one drachm of salt of Wormwood one drachm and an half infuse them hot in a close Vessel 12 hours To the Liquor cleared by standing add an equal weight of Sugar and by gentle boiling make a syrup The dose is one two or three spoonfuls either by themselves or in some proper Liquor Or to the above-mentioned purging Infusion add of Cassia and Tamarinds extracted with part of the same Infusion of Manna strained and of the best Sugar each one ounce and an half evaporate them over a gentle heat to the consistence of an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg more or less as it works Take of the Species hiera picra simple one drachm of the best Rhubarb powder'd half a drachm of Tartar vitriolated ten grains of Gum Ammonieum dissolved in Vinegar fifteen grains with a sufficient quantity of Elixir Proprietatis of Paracelsus make a mass for Pills of which half a scruple or a scruple may be made into Pills and taken at Bed-time A Bochet made of Rhubarb and yellow Sanders in convenient distilled Waters may be used If the Sick be affected with Worms or the King 's Evil or if there be any suspicion of the King 's Evil the following Bolus may be given by Intervals Take of Mercurius Dulcis from six to ten grains Rosin of Jalap or of Scammony two or four grains of the chymical Oil of Juniper one drop make a
and such kind of Symptoms he will scarce avoid being destroyed by one of the Fits if he do not use Exercise in a free and open Air for a great many gouty People perish by these Symptoms whereunto they have been obnoxious by being confin'd to their Chambers and especially to their Beds whereas had they bore the fatigue of riding in a Coach the greatest part of the day they had not died so soon But as to the Symptoms of the Gout we must apply our selves to those whereby the Life of the Patient is endangered viz. the debility and faintness of the Stomach with Gripes of the Belly for the Sickness and faintness a small draught of Canary Wine is very good But if any great Symptom scarce bearing a truce comes suddenly by reason of striking in of the gouty Matter and threatens Death we must neither trust to the Wine nor to the Exercise above commended but in this case if it does not fall upon the Head but upon the natural or vital Parts we must presently fly to Laudanum viz. give 20 drops of liquid Laudanum mixed with a small draught of Epidemick Water and let the Patient compose himself to rest in his Bed But if the Matter occasioning the Gout produces a Loosness because it is not yet cast upon the Limbs if it be not the crisis of a particular Fit and if notwithstanding the Laudanum above commended and Exercise of all sorts for these must be first used for the cure of the Diarrhaea the Loosness continues accompanied with Sickness and Gripes there is only one Remedy that I know of viz. to provoke Sweat by a method and Medicines designed for this use which if it be done two or three days Morning and Evening for two or three hours at a time it most commonly stops the Loosness and forces the Disease upon the Limbs There is another Symptom not so frequent though I have seen it divers times viz. a translation of the peccant Matter upon the lobes of the Lungs when a Winter-cough by reason of cold taken in the time of the Fit has by degrees drawn the Matter upon the Lungs In this one case the curative Indication is not to be directed to the Gout but this Symptom is to be treated as a true Peripneumonia by Bleeding repeated and cooling and thickning Remedies and Diet. Moreover the Sick must be purged betwixt the Bleedings but Sweating does hurt in this case Moreover it is to be noted That almost all gouty People when they have been conflicted a long while with this Disease are subjected to the Stone in the Kidnies most commonly at the declination of a general Fit In this case setting aside all other Medicines let him presently take a Gallon of Posset-drink wherein two ounces of the roots of Marshmallows have been boiled and let the following Glister be injected Take of the roots of Marshmallows and Lillies each one ounce of the leaves of Mallows Pellitory of the Wall Bears-breech and of the flowers of Camomil each one handful of Flax and Fenugreek-seeds each half an handful boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water dissolve in the strained Liquor of brown Sugar and syrup of Marshmallows each two ounces mingle them and make a Glister As soon as he has rendred all the Posset-drink by Vomiting and has ejected the Glister let him take a large dose of liquid Laudanum viz. 25 drops or 15 grains of Mathew's Pill If any one inquires for external Remedies to ease the pain of the Gout I have hitherto known none excepting things meerly cooling and repelling which are very dangerous and I confidently affirm That the greatest part of those who have perished in the Gout have not so properly been killed by the Disease as by an improper use of Medicines therefore if the pain be very violent it will be better for the Sick to keep himself a bed till the pain is a little abated than to use external Anodynes But it will not be amiss to take a little Laudanum in the Evening if the pain is intollerable otherwise it will be better to omit it CHAP. CXVI Of a Rheumatism THIS Disease comes at any time but especially in the Autumn and it chiefly seizes those that are in the flower of their Age and it begins most commonly upon the following occasion viz. the Sick catches Cold after having been much heated with violent Exercise or any other way It begins with Shaking and Shivering and Heat Restlessness Thirst and the other unhappy train of Symptoms which accompany Fevers follow after a day or two and sometimes sooner the Sick is seized with a violent pain sometimes in one Limb sometimes in another in the Wrists Shoulders Knees especially which changing place seizes them by turns redness and swelling remaining in the part which was last affected There is another sort of this Disease though it is commonly thought of another kind it may be properly called Lumbago Rheumatica viz. a violent and fixed pain about the region of the Loins which sometimes reaching to the Os sacrum resembles the Stone in the Kidnies only the Sick does not vomit This violent pain unless it be removed in the same manner the former is lasts as long and is full as painful Having seriously considered that this Disease arises from an Inflammation I thought it was probable it might be cured by a simple cooling Diet moderately nourishing as well as by Bleeding repeated and a Whey-diet I found did as well as Bleeding Mr. Malthus an Apothecary an honest and ingenious Man was seized violently with a Rheumatism and because he was of a weakly and dry habit of Body I was afraid he would not be able to bear large Bleeding and therefore I ordered That he should be dieted with Whey alone for four days Afterwards besides the Whey I allowed him white Bread for Dinner being contented with this Diet he continued it for 18 days only at last he eat Bread for Supper also He drank daily four quarts of Whey afterwards when he went abroad he eat Chicken and other things of easy digestion but every third day he was dieted with Whey only till he was quite well But how well soever a Whey-diet may agree with young People and with those that live temperately it is not safe to treat old People so or such as have too much addicted themselves a long while to Wine and other spirituous Liquors for in such it will weaken the Stomach and chill the Blood and so cause a Dropsie In this case therefore it is necessary to bleed twice or thrice and after the second or at most after the third Bleeding to purge very often till all the Symptoms quite cease with Lenitives as with Tamarinds Sena Rhubarb Manna and syrup of Roses solutive and you must give every night after Purging one ounce of Diacodium somewhat earlier than is usual But here we must take notice of a Symptom like a Rheumatism which also sometimes resembles a nephritick pain
at what time of the Fever I would give a Vomit I say at the very beginning if I had my choice for by this means the Sick may be defended from those horrid symptoms that take their rise from the filth of those Humours that lurk in the Stomach and Neighbouring Parts and perhaps we may crush the Disease in its beginning But if we are called in late as we are often so that we cannot assist the Patient at the beginning of the Fever by prescribing a Vomit yet I have thought it proper to order one at any time of the Disease provided the Patient has strength enough to bear the operation of it I have given a Vomit on the twelfth day and I should not doubt to prescribe one later unless the weakness of the Patient forbids The Evening after taking the Vomit I always endeavour to quiet the tumult raised in the Humours by the Vomit and therefore I prescribe an Anodyne to be taken at Bed-time for Instance Take of Erratick Poppy two Ounces of Aqua-Mirabilis two drachms of Syrup of white and red Poppies each half an ounce mingle them make a Draught But if there be no fear of raising the ebullition for the future either by reason of a great loss of Blood or by frequent Vomiting and Stools or by a present apurexy or debility of the Fever or its declining State I boldly order a large Dose of Diascordium either by it self or mixed with some Cordial-water instead of the Anodyne above-described and it is indeed an excellent Medicine if it be given in a due quantity And now before I leave off discoursing of Vomits I must acquaint you that it is by no means safe at least in this Fever to give Vomits of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum to Children or to any under Fourteen no not in the least quantity The Fatigue of Vomiting being over I further consider with my self whether notwithstanding the preceding Evacuations the Blood continues yet to rage so much that it is still necessary to restrain its effervescence or whether it be so very languid that it wants to be heightened or lastly whether the Fermentation being reduced to a due degree may be left to it self without danger to the Patient First therefore if the Blood ferments so violently that we may reasonably suspect that the Patient is either obnoxious to a Phrensie or any other troublesome Symptom proceeding from too great an ebullition of the Blood the day after taking of the Vomit I prescribe a Glister For Instance Take of the common Decoction for a Glister one pint of Syrup of Violets and Brown Sugar each two ounces mingle them make a Glister And I order it should be repeated upon occasion by which it often happens that the Blood being somewhat ventilated and cooled its effervescence is sufficiently bridled But sometimes it is necessary to repeat Bleeding once and again viz. In those of a very Sanguine Complexion and in the flower of their Age or in others who have imprinted on their Blood a certain inflammatory disposition by the too frequent use of Wine But for the most part there is no need of so great a remedy as is repeated Bleeding and except in the cases above-mention'd the effervescence may be sufficiently suppressed by the help of Glisters wherefore if the Blood ferment too much I order a Glister to be injected every day or every other day as the case requires and that it he done to the tenth day of the Disease or thereabouts but if much Blood has been taken away or the Patient is Aged I order no Glisters at that time though the Blood be very hot for in these cases as there is no fear that by the omission of Glisters the ebullition begun should proceed so far as that there should be eminent danger from some violent Symptom so it is most certain that by the use of them the Strength and as I may say the Tone of the Blood is so much relaxed that especially in old Men for Glisters are not used with so good Success in old Men as in young Nature is obstructed in her business But whether Bleeding has been used or omitted if the effervescence be too languid and wants to be stirred up in this case we must wholly abstain from the use of Glisters even before the tenth day and much rather if it be past for to what purpose should we endeavour to suppress the fermentation that is too weak already As to Cordials I have found by experience that the too early use of them has been very injurious viz. Bleeding having not been first used there is danger lest the crude Matter should fall upon the Membranes of the Brain or the like or on the Pleura and therefore I always take care that Cordials be not given when no Blood or but very little has been taken away and there has been no other considerable Evacuation or when the Patient has not passed the flower of his Age. But if the Patient be weakned by profuse Evacuations I use to give Cordials even at the beginning of the Fever but on the twelfth day of the Disease things then tending to Secretion I suppose we ought freely to indulge the use of hotter Medicines and indeed a little sooner if there be no danger of driving the febrile Matter upon the principal Parts If the Fermentation proceed well the Despumation will be finished about the Fourteenth day But if you use Coolers too late and so by their means suppress the effervescence it is not strange if the Fever continue to the Twenty first day and much longer in feeble Bodies ill managed The Cordials I prescribe are such as those which I will mention by and by those that are more moderate I use at the beginning of the Disease when the heat is very violent always proceeding gradually to the use of hotter according to the progress of the Disease and the degrees of ebullition always remembring that it is lawful if much Blood has been taken away or if the Patient be Aged to administer stronger Cordials than when bleeding has not preceded or when the Patint was in the flower of his Age. Those Cordials I call Moderate are made of Distilled Waters For instance of Borrage Citron Strawberries Treacle compound scordium-Scordium-water mingled with the Syrup of Baum of Fernelius of Gilliflowers of juice of Citron and the like but the Stronger of Gascoin's Powder Bezoar Confection of Hyacinth Venice Treacle and the like These which follow are frequently used Take of the Waters of Borrage Citron compound Scordium Black-cherries each two ounces Cinamon-wawater hordeated one ounce Pearls prepared two drachms of Christaline Sugar a sufficient quantity mingle them take four spoonfuls often in a day Take of the Waters of the whole Citron and of Strawberries each three ounces of the cold cordial-Cordial-water of Saxony one ounce of treacle-Treacle-water and of the Syrups of Baulm of Fernelius of Gilliflowers and of the juice of Citron each half an ounce mingle
them and make a Julep of which take often Take of Gascoin's Powder of oriental and occidental Bezoar-stone of each one scruple one leaf of Gold mix them and make a fine Powder Take to the quantity of twelve grains when there is occasion in the Syrup of the juice of Citron and of Gilliflowers each two drachms drinking upon it a few spoonfuls of the Julep prescribed Take of Treacle-water four ounces of the Seeds of Citron two drachms beat them together and make an Emulsion add to the strained Liquor a sufficient quantity of Pearl-sugar to make it grateful to the Taste Take two spoonfuls three times in a day But if the Fermentation be neither too high nor too low I leave it in that state and use no Remedies unless I am forced to do something by the importunity of the Sick or his Friends about him that may please them without obstructing my design And now I must tell you that when I was called to a poor Body who was not able to be at the charge of going through a long course of Physick I did nothing else after Bleeding and Purging was over if they were indicated but order them to keep their Beds all the time of their Sickness and to drink Oatmeal and Barly-broath and the like and that they should drink Small-beer warm moderately to quench their Thirst I took care that they should have a Glister of Milk and Sugar every day till the Tenth or Eleventh day and towards the end of the Fever separation being now begun if it were slow I permitted them now and then stronger drink to help it instead of a Cordial And so without any more ado except that I used to give a gentle Purge at the end of the Disease I cured them If the Patient be very weak or if there be not a perfect Despumation so that I cannot boldly give a Purge on the Fifteenth day I defer it to the Seventeenth at which time I give the following or the like according to the strength of the Patient Take of Tamarinds half an ounce of Senna two drachms of Rhubarb one drachm and an half boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water to three ounces of the strained Liquor add Syrup of Roses solutive and Manna each one ounce mingle them and make a Potion Purging being over I order the Patient to rise who has been hitherto kept in Bed by my prescription and to return gradually to his accustomed Diet. It happens often especially in old Men that the Patient though the Fever be cured and the Body sufficiently purged is notwithstanding very weak and sometimes expectorats by Cough and sometimes also hauks up a great quantity of clammy Phlegm which Symptom does not only affrighten the Patient but also imposes upon the Physician especially if he be unwary and induces him to believe that this will make way for a Consumption though I have observed that this is not so very dangerous In this case I order the Patient to drink Old Malago or Muskadine with a Toast which takes off this Symptom in the space of a few days as I have often Experienced If the fermentation proceed well there will be a perfect despumation of the morbifick Matter within the time aforesaid but if cooling Remedies or Glisters have been given too late the Fever will continue much longer especially in very ancient Men ill manag'd by the Physician I have been sometimes called to such after they have laboured under a Fever forty days or more and have tryed all things to induce despumation of the Blood but it was so much weakened partly by old Age and partly by Glisters and cooling Medicines that I could not attain my end either by Cordials or any other corroborating Medicines but either their Fever stood its ground or if otherwise it seemed to cease the Patient's strength was very low and in a manner gone But other Remedies being unsuccessfully used I have been often forced to take this course and indeed with very good Success viz. I have applied the brisk heat of young People to the Sick neither is there any reason why any one should much wonder that the Patient is so mightily strengthned and weak Nature relieved by this method though it be unusual as that it can deliver it self from the relicks of the Matter to be eliminated seeing it is easie to conceive a transfusion of a great quantity of vigorous Esâ—luvia from the sound and strong Body into the withered one of the Sick Nor have I ever found that the repeated application of hot Cloaths could at all do that which the now mention'd method has perform'd where both the heat applied is more agreeable to the human Body and gentle moist equal and lasting And though this way of emitting balsamick Spirits into the Body of the Patient may seem absurd yet it has been used by others with happy success Nor truly am I ashamed to mention this Remedy though perhaps some impertinent Men superstitiously contemning all things Vulgar may ridicule me for it for I think the health and good of my Neighbour is very much to be preferred before their vain Opinions He that prudently and with due consideration hath observed â—he method hitherto deliver'd will free the Patient if not from all yet at least from most of these Symptoms which are either wont to accompany this Fever or to come after it But forasmuch as such accidents often happen either because the Sick neglected to call the Phisician in time or by reason of the unskilfulness or carelesness of the Physician I think it not amiss to treat briefly of their particular Cure but will confine my self to those Symptoms that require a different Cure proper to themselves And to begin with a Phrensie if the Sick either upon the account of taking hot Medicines unseasonably or by being naturally of too hot a Constitution becomes Light-headed or which is next to it if he does not sleep at all if he looks and talks fiercely if he rakes Medicines and common drink greedily and as it were snatches it and lastly has a suppression of Urine in this case I say I bleed more freely than before and use Glisters and cooling Medicines oftener especially in the Spring And though this Symptom does not appear in young People and in those whose Blood is brisk they admit of these Remedies without much hazard and by the use of such Remedies I endeavour to keep up the Patient till the Disease has lasted a while and then it is not difficult to free him at once of the Symptom and the Disease too and this may be done by giving some Narcotick Medicine in a large Dose for though when the Fever is at the height those things that are of a narcotick quality do no good nor answer the Physician 's end yet being given seasonably at the declination of the Disease are very beneficial But if the use of a Narcotick be deferred till the 14th day it will do the better
The Narcoticks which I am wont to use are either London Laudanum from one Grain to one Grain and an half or the following Take of Cowslip-flowers one handful boil them in a sufficient quantity of black cherry-Cherry-water mix half an ounce of Diacodium and half a spoonful of the juice of Lemons with three ounces of the strained Liquor Or Take of black cherry-Cherry-water one ounce and an half epidemick Water two drachms liquid Laudanum sixteen drops syrup of Gillyflowers one drachm mingle them I will only add this which I think worth observation to wit That if this symptom will grant a Truce so long and the Fever continues a long space so that the Patient may be safely purged before the taking of the Anodyne it will prove more effectual wherefore I used to order two scruples of the Pill Coch. Major dissolved in Bettony-water ten or twelve hours before the taking of the Narcotick nor is there any danger from the Tumult which that hot Pill would otherwise occasion for the vertue of the following Narcotick will appease these Commotions and establish most gentle and sweet Peace But if the Watchings continue after the Fever is gone off all the other symptoms being likewise ceased I have observed that a Rag dipt in Rose-water and applied cold to the forepart of the Head and Temples is more beneficial than any Narcotick whatever It often happens that the Sick is vexed with a Cough through the whole course of the Disease it is first dry because the Matter being yet thin frustrates the expulsive Faculty but it soon grows thick and is difficulty expectorated because by degrees it is baked by the febrile heat and hence it comes to pass that the Patient is discouraged by fear of choaking because he wants Strength to cough off this viscid Matter In this case I rarely use any other Medicine than Oil of sweet Almonds fresh drawn unless it happens and sometimes it is so that the Patient has wholly an aversion to Oil and then we must use the common Pectorals But I think Oil of Almonds if the Patient can bear it is to be preferred before other Pectorals for this Reason chiefly for that is necessary they are given in a larger quantity if we would do any thing to the purpose and by this means we overcharge the Stomach which was too weak before and inclined to be nauseous and sometimes also we are hindred upon the same account so that we cannot mind those things which are to be dispatched at the same time Nor can I understand nor learn by experience why we should abstain from the use of this Oil which we have now mentioned in Fevers because it is inflammable and therefore to be feared lest it should increase the Fever for suppose it naturally hot yet certainly its heat is not so great but that the advantage of it on another account may compensate for it for it is manifestly more pectoral than other things and opens and lubricates the Passages and promotes Expectoration by which especially if it happens to be large the Blood is both freed from a troublesome Humour now conveniently evacuated and also somewhat cooled and therefore I am not much concerned when I perceive this Symptom But the Oil must be given frequently a little at a time Sometimes the Hickops happen but most commonly to old Men after large Evacuations either by Loosness or especially by Vomiting In this case a large dose of Diascordium viz. two drachms has done the business when I could do no good with the seeds of Dill and other things that are cried up as Specificks If in the course of this Disease a Loosness arise which uses to happen when a Vomit was indicated at the beginning of the Disease and was not taken In this case a Vomit may be given at any time of the Disease if the Strength does not contraindicate tho' the inclination to Vomiting be long since past But if a Loosness comes tho' a Vomit has been given I have found the following Glister more beneficial than any other Astringent whatever Take of the bark of Pomgranats half an ounce of red Roses two pugils boil them in a sufficient quantity of Cows Milk dissolve half an ounce of Diascordium in half a pound of the strained Liquor mingle them make a Glister I would not advise that a Glister should be injected in a greater quantity for tho' it may be naturally Astringent yet there is danger lest it should weary the Intestines by its bâ—â—â— and so provoke the Flux more CHAP. CXXI Of the Scarlet Fever THE Scarlet Fever tho' it may happen at any time yet most commonly it comes at the latter end of Summer and seizes whole Families especially Children They shake and shiver at the beginning as in other Fevers but they are not very sick afterwards the Skin is covered with smali red Spots but they are more and much bigger and redder and not so uniform as in the Measles These Spots continue two or three days when they vanish and go off Scales of Skin like Bran cover the whole Body This Disease seems to me to be nothing else than a moderate Effervescence of the Blood occasioned by the foregoing Summer or something else and therefore I do nothing that the Blood may not be hindred in its despumation and injecting the peccant Matter through the pores of the Skin only I order That the Sick should abstain wholly from Flesh and from all spirituous Liquors and that he should not go out nor contine himself perpetually to his Bed But after all the Scales are fallen and the Symptoms cease I think it is proper to purge the Sick with some gentle Medicine agreeable to his Age and Strength and by this simple and natural method this name of a Disease for it is scarce any thing else is easily removed without trouble or danger whereas on the contrary if we are over officious by confining the sick to his Bed continually and by giving Cordials and other Medicines unnecessarly the Disease is increased and the Patient killed secundum artem CHAP. CXXII Of Childrens Fevers THE first Indication in curing Childrens Fevers is to prepare well the acid that it may be the easier ejected But this preparation must not be endeavoured by Sudorificks properly so called that is such as heat the Body which are by no means to be used for Infants or Children but such things as absorbe the acid and gently restrain the Ebullition are to be used the chief of these are Crab's Eyes and Claws Oister-shells Cuttle-bone Egg-shells Coral Chalk Coralline Pearl Mother of Pearl both the Bezoar stones Hartshorn burnt burnt Ivory the bone of a Stag's heart shavings of Hartshorn Bole-armenick sealed Earth Blood-stone and the like and among Compounds compound Powder of Crab's Claws the Goa-stone and Confection of Hyacinth Being called to an Infant of a year old troubled with a Fever or the Gripes as they frequently are I used to relieve them with the following
Prescriptions Take of the compound Powder of Crab's Claws and of Pearl prepared each one drachm mingle them make a Powder to be divided into six equal parts Or Take of Oriental Bezoar prepared Pearl and Crab's Eyes prepared each half a drachm of the species of the confection of Hyacinth one scruple make a Powder to be divided as before Or Take of the simple Powder of Crab's Claws one drachm of Crab's Eyes prepared two scruples of Cochinel six grains mix them make a fine Powder to be divided into six Papers let one be taken as soon as may be and another two hours after and afterwards let one be taken every fourth hour for the first two days unless the Child be asleep But let the Powders be taken in a spoonful of the following Julep and give a spoonful presently after Take of the Aqua lactis alexiteria four ounces of black cherry-Cherry-water two ounces of compound Peony and epidemick Water each two drachms of pearled Sugar half an ounce mingle them make a Julep Or Take of pennyroyal-Pennyroyal-water and Aqua lactis alexiteria each three ounces of syrup of Gillyflowers 6 drachms mingle them Or Take of sweet Almonds blanched number ten beat them in a marble Mortar and pour upon them gently half a pint of Barley-water or of Aqua lactis alexiteria strain it and add six drachms of small cinnamon-Cinnamon-water half an ounce of white Sugar mingle them make a Julep Sometimes I am wont to use other things being omitted a Julep that hath much Pearl in it but I order that the Glass should be well shook before it be poured out Take of black cherry-Cherry-water four ounces of all the Citron two ounces of Aqua mirabilis and prepared Pearls each two drachms of white Sugar half an ounce mingle them make a Pearl-julep give three spoonfuls at a time But if the Child be troubled with the Cough give half a spoonful of some pectoral Mixture or Linctus and let him take less of the Powders above-prescribed Take of the Powder of Coralline and simple Crab's-claws each one drachm and an half of the syrups of Maiden-hair and Marshmallows each one ounce of balsam of Tolu half an ounce of red poppy-Poppy-water half an ounce mingle them Bole Armenick is often properly mixed with such things to good purpose it powerfully stops Catarrhs flowing upon the Lungs the juice of Pennyroyal heated and sweetned with Sugarcandy is also better than most other Remedies Oil of sweet Almonds is also very good if Children can take it so is Brimstone and the Flowers of it The foresaid Powders are to be repeated seldom or often according to the degree of the Symptoms but it is here to be noted that the Gripes Restlessness and the Watchings of Children are as easily appeased by testaceous Powders as pains and watchings by Narcoticks in grown People The third day unless the small Pox Measles or a Scarlet Fever appear I order a Child of one year old to be purged in the following manner Take of syrup of Succory with Rhubarb two drachms of choice Rhubarb powdered fifteen grains or a scruple of the Aqua lactis alexiteria one drachm of small cinnamon-Cinnamon-water thirty drops mingle them Or Take of syrup of Buckthorn one drachm and an half or two drachms of the Powder called Diasenna eight grains mingle them Take of the Earl of Warwick's Powder which is also called Pulvis Cornachinus described in the last Edition of the London Dispensatory six grains let it be taken in a spoonful of black Cherry-water sweetned with a little Sugar Take of sweet Almonds blanched number three beat them in a marble Mortar and pour upon them gently an ounce or an ounce and an half of Barley-water or any other simple Water in the strained Liquor dissolve three drachms or half an ounce of the best Manna mingle them make a purging Emulsion Take of Lenitive Electuary two or three drachms and dissolve it in an ounce of the Aqua lactis alexiteria Sometimes I order this or the like Plaister to be applied to the region of the Navel especially if they are troubled with Worms Take of Succotrine Aloes one drachm of the Powder of the leaves of Savin of the tops of the lesser Centaury and of the flowers of Camomil each one scruple with a sufficient quantity of Venice-turpentine make a Plaister let the margin of it be spread with the Plaister of Cummin to make it stick the better and sometimes it may be convenient to add to the other Ingredients a scruple of Coloquintida There is no purging Medicine more proper for Children and more innocent than Rhubarb it gently and safely evacuates the Matter occasioning their Fever and it gently purges off the Humors that burden the Stomach and whole Body and it strengthens wherefore it is very proper for Infants Children big-bellied Women old Men and such as have been weakened by Diseases After the Purge hath done working some Powder like the former must be given in the Evening and afterwards must be repeated three or four times in a day at fit times for two days and on the third day Purging must be used and it must be dosed according to the operation of the former These things being performed the worst Symptoms most commonly cease or at least are much abated It is to be noted That the first Purge we give to Children that have Fevers must not be only Lenitive but the Dose of it must be less than otherwise it ought to be and the night before Purging a gentle Glister made of four ounces of Cow's Milk Sugar and a little Salt must be injected if the Belly be bound Moreover to quicken the Purge a scruple or two of Cream of Tartar may be dissolved in some spoonfuls of Water-grewel or the like and so given As to bleeding of Children tho' it may be used when the febrile Matter is cast upon the Lungs or in a hooping Cough yet it is plain that it is a Remedy not agreeable to their Nature A Child about three years and an half old was seized with a small Fever that was continual and accompanied with Exacerbations that were very irregular she complained of a great pain in the Head especially and sometimes of the Belly she nauseated all Meat and was very sleepy so that the Standers by thought she would have the small Pox there was a twitching of the Nerves in sleep and she had sometimes a dry Cough I prescribed the following things Take of the Aqua lactis alexiteria six ounces of Epidemick water half an ounce of prepared Pearl one drachm of the simple Powder of Crab's Claws two drachms of Cristaline Sugar half an ounce mingle them make a Julep whereof let her take three spoonfuls every fourth hour shaking the Glass well before using it Take of Succotrine Aloes one drachm of the tops of the lesser Centaury of the leaves of Savin dried each half a drachm of Burgundy-pitch one drachm of Venice-Turpentine a sufficient quantity make a
Plaister to be applied to the Navel The next day she persisted in the use of the Julep and a blistering Plaister was applied to the Neck a Glister made of six ounces of Milk with Sugar and Salt was injected because the Belly was bound Take of Aethiops mineralis and of Mercurius dulcis each six grains of Marmalade of Quinces two scruples make a Bolus to be taken at Bed-time The next Morning she took the following Cathartick syrup Take of syrup of Buckthorn two drachms of the Earl of Warwick's Powder six grains of choice Rhubarb powdered twelve grains of Tincture of Saffron twenty drops of black Cherry-water one drachm mingle them Half a drachm of Cream of Tartar was given in a draught of Posset-drink to quicken the Purge the same night at Bed-time four spoonfuls of the foresaid Julep were given On the fourth and fifth days the following mixture was given by spoonfuls Take of Coraline two drachms of the leaves of Mint dried and powdered one scruple of the simple Powder of Crab's Claws one drachm of balsamick syrup and of the syrup of Marshmallows each one ounce of orange-Orange-water half an ounce mingle them The Evening preceding the sixth day the Bolus before-prescribed was repeated and the Morning following the purging Syrup by the vertue whereof the Child vomited up a Worm a span long and soon â—â—â—erwards was well CHAP. CXXIII Of Agues AS to the Cure I have for many years taken notice how dangerous it is to endeavour to cure by Sudorificks in Tertians and Quotidians when they are new and have not yet formed themselves being at present like continual Fevers For though it is well known that upon Sweating the restlesness and other symptoms presently vanish yet if Sweat be forced too much the Fever will be made continual and the Life of the Sick will be endangered Having therefore considered how ineffectual this method is and the inconveniency of other Evacuations by Bleeding and Purging I suppose the Peruvian Bark would do best and I can truly affirm notwithstanding the prejudice of the common People and of a few Learned Men I never perceived any injury by the use of it nor can imagin any only they that have used it a long while sometimes fall into a scorbutick Rheumatism but this seldom happens upon this occasion and when it does it is easily cured by the Remedies proposed for it in the Chapter of a Rheumatism Being called to a Patient of a Quartan Ague for instance on a Monday I do nothing if the Fit be to come that day only I give the Sick hopes that he may be freed from the next Fit and therefore on the two well days namely Tuesday and Wednesday I give the Bark in the following manner Take of the Peruvian Bark finely powdered one ounce with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Gilliflowers or of dried Roses make ad Electuary to be divided into twelve parts whereof let him take one every fourth hour beginning presently after the Fit drinking upon it a draught of some Wine Or if he likes Pills better Take of the Peruvian Bark finely powdered one ounce with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of Gilliflowers make Pills of a moderate bigness whereof let him take six every fourth Hour But an ounce of the Powder may be easier taken and as successfully mixed with a quart of Claret-wine eight or nine spoonfuls of it being taken every fourth hour On Friday when the Fit is feared I give nothing for most commonly no Fit comes but lest the Disease should return eight days exactly after the last Dose I give the same quantity of Powder viz. One Ounce divided into twelve parts according to the method above-mentioned But though most commonly by giving the Powder after this manner the Disease is commonly Cured yet to secure the Patient from a relapse it is safe to repeat it three or four times at the same intervals especially when the Blood has been weakened by foregoing Evacuations or by catching Cold. But though this remedy has no purging quality yet by reason of the peculiar Constitution of some Bodies it often happens that the Sick is violently purged by it in this case it is necessary to give Laudanum with the Powder wherefore I give ten drops of Laudanum in Wine after every other Dose if the Loosness continues I use the same method for Tertians and Quotidians but Tertians and Quotidians often are almost continual and there is only a remission of those days they should intermit especially when the Sick has been confined to his Bed and has used too hot a Regimen and Medicines In this case I give the Powder as soon as I perceive any remission But there are some that cannot bear the Bark neither in the form of a Powder nor of an Electuary nor of Pills for these I infuse in the cold two Ounces of the Bark grossly powdered in a quart of Rhenish-wine and four Ounces of the Infusion standing some days seem to contain the vertue of one Drachm of the Powder and because it is neither unpleasant nor oppresses the Stomach it may be taken as often again as any other form of this Remedy Sometimes it happens that before this Disease is come to a regular Type the Sick cannot retain the Bark in any form by reason of continual Vomiting in this case the Vomiting must be first stopp'd before the Bark can be given to which end I order that six or eight times in the space of two hours one spoonful of the fresh juice of Limons be taken with a scruple of Salt of Wormwood afterwards I give sixteen drops of liquid Laudanum in a spoonful of strong Cinamon-water and soon after if the Vomitting stop the Jesuits Powder For Infants whose tender Age would scarce bear the taking of this remedy in another form at least so much of it as would cure the Disease I use to prescribe the following Julep Take of black-cherry-Black-cherry-water and of Rhenish-wine each two ounces of the Peruvian Bark finely powdered three drachms of the Syrup of Gilliflowers one ounce mingle them make a Julep let one or two spoonfuls of it be taken according to the age every fourth hour till the Ague is cured If there be a Loosness you must give a drop or two of liquid Laudanum with every other Dose As to the Diet the Sick may eat any thing that agrees with his Stomach only he must avoid cold Liquors and Summer Fruits and let him use Wine moderately for his ordinary drink by which alone I have cured some Patients that could not be cured with the Jesuits Powder The Disease being taken off the Sick must carefully avoid all evacuations for the gentlest Purge yea only a Glister of Milk and Sugar will be apt to cause a Relapse CHAP. CXXIV Of the various Forms and Shapes of intermitting Fevers THese Fevers often resemble most other Diseases and such as are most acute yet they yield to the Peruvian Bark and if the Bark is not given they
often become deadly Sometimes they come with great Shivering and with violent Vomiting a Loosness with Gripes the Cholera Morbus the Colick of the Stomach a periodical Hemicrania Apoplexy fainting Rheumatism general Convulsions Phrensie Peripnumonia and the like Mr. Amblar dwelling at Mile-end a Man of Fifty years of Age that was lean and sickly was often before subject upon slight occasions to an obstinate Ague accompanied with violent Symptoms but in the Year 1690 having taken a great Cold he was suddenly taken with Shaking and Shivering which was succeeded by an universal Chilness during which his Pulse could scarce be felt he was also violently afflicted with Vomiting a Loosness and with a horrid oppression and Sickness I visited him the next Morning and found his Face plainly Hippocratick his whole Body was cold as clay and a Dew upon it the Skin looked black by reason of the congelation of the Blood his strength was almost spent by the perpetual Sickness and the evacuation of divers coloured Choler by Vomit and stinking white Excrement by Stool of the consistence of a Cream all things shewed that Death was approaching for the vital principal or the animal Spirits was so oppressed by the Venom that there was no hope that they cou'd expand themselves But to blunt the malignant acrimony of the Humours I ordered that he should drink Chicken-broath plentifully and that it should be injected through a Syringe into the Anus I also ordered that the Stomach should be well fomented with Aromatick Bags made hot and a very cordial Bolus with as much Laudanum in it as the strength of the Patient would bear was given with a draught of a Cordial and alexipharmick Julep every fourth hour After the third or fourth Bolus I perceived the Pulse was much stronger and the blackness of the skin went off and heat returned to the extream Parts and the evacuations were something suppressed the colliquative Sweat was diminished and he was more quiet he slept a little and was not so sick after he waked After this remission of the Symptoms I endeavoured to remove the Venom by giving the Jesuits Powder mixed with Laudanum in the form of a Draught every fourth hour knowing well that the Sick could not bear a second Fit but before the third Dose of the Powder the Fit returned again unexpectedly accompanied with the former dreadful Symptoms and the poor Man died within the space of twenty four Hours I was called to one Mrs. Baker an ancient Woman dwelling in Fleet-street I found her oppressed with continual Sickness and Vomiting and so she had been for four days She presently vomited up all she took she fainted often her Pulse was quick and Weak but her temper by reason of faintness and perpetual sickness was moderate and in some sort cold her Urine looked in a manner well she could not rest and was almost delirious but she complained only of Nauseousness and Vomiting Having enquired carefully about every thing I was told that this Woman had been sick six Weeks that she was hot and cold by turns the periods were uncertain and that she was troubed with a Nauseousness and Vomiting frequently After I had prescribed a Cordial Bolus and Julep and Chicken-broath for her ordinary Drink I ordered a Julep made of Salt of Worm-wood and juice of Limons to be taken by Spoonfuls to comfort her Stomach afterward I ordered the Peruvian Bark should be given freely in the form of a Draught and of a Tincture adding twice or thrice a day ten or twelve drops of liquid Laudanum upon the account of the violence of the Vomiting and in a days time the Sickness and Vomiting were lessened and critical white Aphtha covered the whole Mouth the Urine was very red and other signs of the expansion of the Spirits and of the feverish heat were present and soon after a tertian Ague appeared in its proper form the cold heat and sweat succeeding one another alternately and after two Fits the Sick was cured by the Bark CHAP. CXXV Of Over-purging AS Purging Medicines are sometimes necessary to loosen the Belly and to evacuate ill Humours so if the evacuation be immoderate remedies must be used to stop it To prevent it consideration must be had of the Constitution and Strength of the Patient and of the Nature and Dose of the Medicine and while the Medicine is in operation the Bowels and Blood and Spirits must be kept free from disturbance wherefore at this time gross and viscous Meats must be avoided and much must not be eaten Cold must be carefully avoided and the mind must be clear and free and after the operation of the Medicine the Animal Spirits must be quieted and the effervescence of the Blood by giving an Anodyne Take of Cowslip flower-Flower-water two ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated and of Diacodium each half an ounce of Pearls half a Scruple make a Draught to be taken at Bed-time But if Over-purging happens the Patient must be presently put into a warm Bed and you must apply to his Belly a Plaister of Venice-Treacle and he must presently take inwardly a Bolus of Venice-Treacle and burnt Claret diluted with Mint-water often by Spoonfuls and if he be much grip'd a Glister must be injected made of Milk and Venice-Treacle CHAP CXXVI Of the French-Pox THE French-pox came first from the West-Indies into Europe in the Year 1493. but a violent Gonorrhea shewed it self first about an hundred years since It is propogated either by Generation as when a Child is infected by the Parents or by touching of some soft part as when a Child is Infected by sucking a Diseased Nurse or a Nurse by Suckling a Diseased Child or by a Child's lying in Bed with such as are Infected but it chiefly comes by impure Coition But in sound and firm Constitutions impure Coition it self is not always sufficient to Infect for sometimes many lying with an infected Woman some are infected and others not though they all equally deserve it When a Man has to do with an impure Woman either he has a heat or inflammation of the Penis with Excâ—riation or else he finds a heat in his Urine and in a day two or three a Gonorrhea or virulent Matter issuing from the Privy parts sometimes Chancerous Ulcers and when the Infection has been very violent or the Inflammation neglected a Gangren and christaline Bladders arise and the part Mortifies Sometimes there is no Gonorrhea but instead of it a Bubo arises in the Groin which according to the degree of its Malignity either proves easily curable or else improves its Venom and terminates in a phagedenous Ulcer with jagged Lips There are also many veneâ—â—l Ulcers upon the Scrotum and Perineum A Cancer is commonly attended with breaking out all over the Body like a Flea-biting which terminates in various sorts of ulcerous Scabs or Teteâ—rs or it may be Pustles arise in one or more places of the Body as Head Face Arms Thighs or Legs or Ulcers
and the Passions of the Mind As to a Gonorrhea the main of the Cure is performed by Purging but because the Disease is accompanied with an Inflammation and cured by Purging Medicines that are hot cooling Diet must be ordered through the whole Course Take of the mass of the Pill Coch. Major three drachms of Extract of Rudius one drachm of rosin of Julap and Diagridium each half a drachm with a sufficient quantity of Opobalsamum make six Pills of every drachm The Sick must take four of them at four or five a Clock in the Morning and sleep upon them for twelve or fourteen days or more till the heat of Urine and the yellow colour of the Matter be much lessened afterwards every other day for a Fortnight and afterwards twice a Week till the Humour quite stop which will not be done till a long time though it be commonly affirmed that that Ichor that is seen especially in a Morning at the top of the Yard being pressed proceeds only from a loosness of the parts by reason of the long continuance of the running Yet the Sick will find it otherwise if he neglect Purging before it is quite gone For upon any small occasion as by immoderate Drinking violent Exercise or the like the Gonorrhea will return But if the Gonorrhea does not yield to such kind of Purging it will be proper instead of Pills especially if the Sick are difficultly Purged to give betwixt whiles some more powerful Medicines as is the following Purge Take of Tamarinds half an ounce of the leaves of Sena two drachms of Rhubarb one drachm and an haâ—f boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water in three ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve of Manna and syrup of Roses solutive each one ounce of syrup of Buckthorn and of Electuary of the juice of Roses each two Drachms mingle them make a Potion If the Cure proceed slowly give eight Grains of Turbith Mineral only twice or thrice and at due distances lest a Flux arises and this Medicine is certainly the best for an obstinate running of the Reâ—ns But sometimes the Sick has such an â—verâ—â—on for Purging often repeated that he cannot so much as see or smell the Medicine and sometimes by a certain Idiosyncrasy there is such an obstinate opposition to Purging that a due quantity of the peccant Humour cannot be evacuated and whilst we waste time to no purpose in endeavouring to purge the Sick the Pox creeps on when the case is so we must use Glisters and on those days the sick does not use them we must give Catharticks by the Mouth I proceed in the following manner I give the foresaid Pills or the like for two or three Mornings following and afterwards I order the following Glister to be injected in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon daily till all the Symptoms cease only once or twice a Week I give a Purge omitting on those days the Glister Take of the Electuary of the juice of Roses six drachms of Venice Turpentine dissolved in the yolk of an Egg an ounce mix them with a pint of Barly-water to the strained liquor add two ounces of Diacatholicon mingle them make a Glister Every night at Bed-time I give twenty five drops of Opobalsamum mixed with Sugar or for want of it Cyprus Turpentine to the quantity of a hazel-Nut I forbid salt Meats and other things of hard digestion as Beef Pork Fish Cheese Roots and Herbs and all Summer Fruits and instead of them I order Veal Mutton Chicken Rabbets and the like and the Sick must eat but sparingly of these He must forbear Wine and all strong and sharp Liquors but he may drink Milk boyled with thrice the quantity of Water and a small quantity of small Beer at Meals and betwixt the Purging he may drink of the following Emulsion frequently to qualifie the heat of Urine and the Inflammation Take of the seeds of Melons and of Pompious each half an ounce of the seeds of white Poppies two drachms of blanched Almonds number eight beat them together in a marble Mortar pouring upon them gently a pint and an half of Barly-water to the strained Liquor add a sufficient quantity of Christaline Sugar and make an Emulsion When the Sick is of a very sanguine Constitution and when the Disease is obstinate after I have Purged him a Month or thereabout I order eight or nine Ounces of Blood to be taken from the Arm. In this disease he that Cleanses well Cures well only Mineral waters must not be used But it is to be noted if the Glans be covered all over with the Prepuce and if by reason of the Inflammation it be swelled hard and callous so that it cannot be drawn back it is in vain to attempt the cure of the Running unless at the same time the Part affected be reduced to its natural State the hardness and swelling being removed therefore the following Medicines must be used Yake of the roots of Marshmallows and of Lillies each one ounce and an half of the leaves of Mallows Mullein Elder and Henbane of the flowers of Camomile and Melilot each one handful of the seeds of Flax and Fenugreek each half an ounce boyl them in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water make a Fomentation wherewith foment the part half an hour at a time twice or thrice a day After the fomentation I order that the part affected be anointed with the Oyl of Flax-seeds fresh drawn and that a Plaster of the Mucilages be apply'd to the swell'd lips of the Prepuce but if the Ulcer in the Lips of the Prepuce or on the Glans under it hinders it from being drawn back easily besides the fomentation above mention'd I prescribe also the following Liniment Take of Basilicon six drachms of the Ointment of Tobacco two drachms of red precipitat wash'd in Rose-water and well powder'd half a drachm mingle them make a liniment wherewith make Pledgets and apply them to the Chancres after the use of the fomentation But when the Scrotum is the seat of the Disease after the use of the fomentation if the pain and swelling be not abated apply a Cataplasm of Oxycrate and Bean-flower also at the same time I use inwardly Catharticks and cooling Medicines and order the Diet above-mentioned and bleed at any time of the Disease if the swelling in the Scrotum be great and if the pain be violent If a swelling arises in the Groin apply the follow-Plaster to suppurate it Take of Galbanum and Ammoniacum each two ounces of Opopanax and Sagapenum each one ounce of Mustard-seed and Pellitory of Spain each six drachms of common Soap two ounces of Burgundine Pitch four ounces of Oil of Lillies two ounces of Wax a sufficient quantity make a Plaister For Ulcers in the Pallate and Tonsis Take of all the Throatwort three handfuls of Holm Self-heal and Male Speedwell each one handful of red Roses one pugil of red Sanders and the Wood of Juniper
much more effectual Take of Ointment of Roses four ounces of Brimstone half an ounce of the Oil of Tartar per deliquium a sufficient quantity make a Liniment you may perfume it with a scruple of Oil of Rhodium But after all I have found by much Experience that Quick-silver Girdles though they are generally much disliked are most effectual for curing the Itch and as Safe as any other Medicine if they are prepared in the following manner Take of Quick-silver three quarters of an ounce the White of one new laid Egg beat them together in a woodden Dish with a Stick two hours then spread it on a Girdle of new Flannel the breadth of three Fingers you must spread it all by degrees and dry it in the Sun or by a moderate Fire and it must be worn a Month or six Weeks being sewed strait round the Waste the side whereon the Mercury is being turned to the Body The Patient must be Purged once before the use of the Girdle and once after the Itch is cured And by this short and easie Method I have cured whole Families infected with the Itch and never perceived the least Injury though I have used it frequently and several Years The following Water is excellent for taking off Spots and Pimples from the Face and the redness of it and that blackness which looks like Gunpowder in the Face especially about the Nose and Fore-head which is sometimes the black heads of Worms Take of Sublimate one ounce put it into a tin Pot with three pints of fountain-Fountain-water let them stand together twenty four hours stir them now and then with a Stick till all the Liquor looks black filter it through Paper and with a Feather or the like dipt in it touch the Face gently once in a day or two FORMS OF MEDICINES Frequently used by the London Physicians Medicines for a Consumption TAKE of the Pill of Hound's Tongue half a scruple of Balsam of Tolu one scruple mix them make six Pills Let two be taken at Bed-time every other night Take of liquid Pitch of Balsam of Tolu each 26 grains of Chios-turpentine 1 scruple make a Mass whereof make middling Pills Let three he taken in the morning and at bed-time drinking upon them four spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of the Waters of Hyssop one pint of Ground-Ivy six ounces of the tincture of the Balsam of Tolu one drachm and an half of White-sugar-candy a sufficient quantity mingle them Take of the pectoral Decoction clarified one quart boil it in an handful of Ground-ivy leaves and of the syrup of Raspberries and of the balsamick Syrup each six drachms mingle them Let a small draught be taken in the morning and at four in the afternoon Take of Conserve of red Roses two ounces of Flowers of Sulphur two drachms of the species of Diatragaâ—â—nth frigid one drachm and an half of Lucatellus's Balsam two drachms of Opobalsam half a drachm with a sufficient quantity of balsamick Syrup make an Electuary whereof let him take the quantity of a Nutmeg in the morning and at four a clock in the afternoon drinking upon it a draught of the following Apozem Take of the roots of China one ounce of Sarsaparilla two ounces of Lentisk wood one ounce of Ivory and Hartshorn rasped each one drachm and an half of the leaves of Hyssop and Coltsfoot each one handful of Figs two pair of Dates number three of Raisins of the Sun an ounce and an half of Liquorice three drachms boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain-Fountain-water to three pints of the strained Liquor add one ounce of the tincture of Saffron with syrup of Violets and Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half make an Apozem Take of Lemnian-earth half a scruple of Bole-armenick twelve grains of the Pill of Storax one drachm and an half of Jesuit's Powder half an ounce with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Clove Gillyflowers make fourscore Pills Let him take five every sixth hour during the Loosness drinking upon them seven spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of the Aqua lactis alexiteria twelve ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated three ounces of Dr. Stephans and epidemick-Epidemick-water each two ounces of Diacodium three ounces mingle them make a Julep Apozems TAke of burnt Hart's horn of the Roots of Scorzonera and Bread each one ounce boil them in two pints and an half of Barly-water till half is consumed to the strained Liquor add of Christaline sugar and of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated each one ounce mingle them make an Apozem Give four ounces every third or fourth hour Take of Citron-bark candid one ounce and an half of candid Angelica half an ounce of Hart's horn rasped one ounce and an half of Currans six ounces a Crust of white Bread boil them in a sufficient quantity of thin Barly-water to a pint and an half to the strained Liquor add of the syrup of the juice of Oranges one ounce mingle them make an Apozem Drink of it at pleasure when thirsty Take of the Roots of Scorzonera and Angelica each six drachms of the Leaves and Roots of Wood-sorrel two handfuls of Hart's horn and Ivory rasped each half an ounce of the opening Roots each half an ounce of Liquorice two drachms boil them in a sufficient quantity of Barly-water to a pint and an half to the strained Liquor add of compound scordium-Scordium-water and of the cold cordial-Cordial-water of Saxony each three ounces of the syrup of Raspberries three ounces mingle them make an Apozem Let him take three or four ounces at pleasure Take of the Peruvian Bark one ounce of Balsam of Tolu three drachms of Cochinel one scruple boil them in a pint of carduus-Carduus-water to the strained Liquor add of the syrup of Raspberries and epidemick Water each two ounces Take of the Roots of spanish Scorzonera one ounce and an half of the raspings of Hart's horn 6 drachms of Ivory rasped three drachms of Marigold flowers two pugils of fat Figs cut two pair boil them in Barly-water To a quart of the strained Liquor clarified add of epidemick-Epidemick-water one ounce and an half sweeten it with white Sugar and make an Apozem whereof let him take a draught at any time when he is thirsty Take of calcined Hart's horn powder'd two ounces of fountain-Fountain-water two quarts boil it till half is consumed strain it gently through a linnen Rag and add two it three ounces of syrup of Oranges This is the white Decoction and is an excellent drink for Worms in Children for a Loosness and for Fevers Cordials TAke of the Waters of Wood-sorrel all the Citron and Strawberries each four ounces of syrup of the juice of Citron one ounce of Pearls powdered one drachm mingle them Take of the Waters of black Cherries and Aqua Lactis alexiteria each five ounces of Elder-flowers Cinnamon hordeated and epidemick Water each two ounces syrup of Raspberries two ounces and an half mingle them Take of Confection of Hyacinth one scruple Conserve of Wood
soure Belching Pain or Wind in the Stomach signifie that it proceeds from the Stomach that a Giddiness proceeds from the Liver Spleen or Womb is known by the following Signs When it proceeds from the Spleen there are frequent and large evacuations of Wind inflation of the Belly soure Belchings and the like when from the Womb there is stopage of the Courses or Hysterick Fits A Giddiness that is recent and seldom invades and that which is occasioned by external Causes is light and easily Cured that which is inveterate and frequent most commonly ends in the Falling Sickness or Apoplexy CVRE The Cure is much the same with the Falling Sickness which see in the Chapter of the Falling Sickness But when it is small it does not need so large a course of Physick as is requisite for the Cure of the Falling Sickness But those things will be sufficient which I shall here set down First therefore if Blood abounds inject a pretty sharp Glyster and afterwards Bleed then Purge with the following Pills Take of the fetid Pills two Scruples of Resin of Jalap five grains with a sufficient quantity of Galbanum dissolved in Briony Water make seven Pills to be taken in the Morning repeat them Thrice But if the Patient cannot take Pills the following Purging Potion may be given instead of them Take of Gerions decoction six Ounces boil in it of the Fibres of black Hellebore and of Agarick each one Dram and an half strain it and add an Ounce of the Syrup of Roses Solutive and two Drams of Compound Briony Water Make a Potion Afterwards let the Patient use the following Sneesing Powder Take of the Leaves of Marjoram Sage Rosemary dried each half a Dram of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain and white Hellebore each one Scruple of Musk three Grains make a Powder Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification frictions of the extream parts Bleeding from the Hemorrhoidal Veins may be used to cause revulsion Blisters are also of use for derivation Afterwards use such things as are proper to strengthen the Head which you will find in the Chapter of an Epilepsie The Conserves of the Flowers of Marrygolds is counted by some a Specifick for Giddiness CHAP. IV. Of the Falling Sickness THE Falling Sickness in Latin Epilepsia is an universal and violent Convulsion the Fit most commonly comes of a sudden and precipitates in the twinkling of an Eye to the Earth and deprives a Man of Sense and Understanding for they seem rather forcibly thrown down than to fall and that part which first comes to the Ground is most commonly bruised or wounded They gnash with their Teeth foam at the Mouth and often beat their Heads against the Ground their Arms and Legs either become rigid or tossed here or there Some beat their Breasts violently and some cast their Bodies impetuously hither and thither But in most the Belly swells much After some time sometimes sooner sometimes longer the symptoms suddenly cease as if the Tragedy were just ended and then the Sick come to themselves again and are sensible but there remains after the Fit is gone off a pain in the Head and a dulness in their Senses and often a Giddiness The Fits are sometimes wont to come at set times of the day month or year but most commonly according to the greater turns of the year or according to the Conjunctions or opposite Aspects of the Moon or Sun they return more certainly and afflict more violently and sometimes the Fits are uncertain and come as occasion is offered and according to the variety of evident Causes Sometimes they are gentle sometimes violent sometimes though rarely some Signs forewarn the Epileptick person of a Fit before he falls as a dulness of the Head sparkling of Fire before the Eyes Noise in the Ears and the like Sometimes a Convulsion in some outward part as in the Arm or in the Leg or in the Back or in the Hypochondres precedes which rising from thence like a cold Air towards the Head occasions the Fit CVRE You must begin with Purging but if the Sick bear Vomiting well a Vomit must be first given and must be repeated for several months four days before the Full Moon Wine of Squills mixed with fresh Oyl of Sweet Almonds or half a Scruple or a Scruple of Salt of Vitriol may be given to Infants But for grown People and such as are of a strong Constitution the following forms of Medicines may be prescribed Take of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae four or six grains Mercurius dulcis fifteen Grains or a Scruple grind them together upon a Stone mix them with the Pap of a roasted Apple or Conserve of Borrage make a Bolus Or give half an Ounce one Ounce or one Ounce and an half of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae made in Spanish Wine according to the Strength of the Sick Or Take of Emetick Tartar four or six grains They that are of a weak Constitution may take a Scruple or half a Dram of Salt of Vitriol and half an hour after let them drink several Pints of Posset-drink and then with a Feather or with the Finger let them provoke themselves to Vomit often The next day after the Vomit unless any thing forbid draw Blood from the Arm or by the Sucking of Leeches from the Hemorrhoidal Veins and the next day after Bleeding give a Purging Medicine which afterwards must be constantly repeated four days before the New Moon Take of Rosin of Jalap half a Scruple of Mercurius dulcis one Scruple of Castor three Grains of Conserve of the Flowers of Peony one Dram make a Bolus to be taken in the Morning Or Take of the Fibres of black Hellebore infused in Vinegar dried and pouder'd half a Dram of Ginger half a Scruple of Salt of Wormwood twelve Grains of Oyl of Ambar two drops make a Pouder give it in the Pulp of a roasted Apple in the Morning Of the days the Sick does not Purge especially at the Seasons of the Moon give Morning and Evening specifick Remedies Take of the Roots of male Peony dried and poudered one two or three Drams give it twice a day in the following tincture at eight in the Morning and at four in the Afternoon Take of the Leaves of Misleto of the Oak two Drams of the Roots of Peony cut half an Ounce of Castor one Dram put them into a Glass and pour upon them of Bettony Water or of simple Peony Water and of White Wine each a Pint of Salt of Misleto of the Oak or of Common Salt two Drams Digest them in a close Vessel in the heat of Sand for two days Give three Ounces with a Dose of the Powder above prescribed At the same time make a Necklace with Peony Roots sliced and hang it about the Neck and the Roots fried or boiled till they are soft may be eat daily with the Meat Take of Man's Skull prepared one Ounce of misleto
Cause which is a cold intemperies of the Brain To which end the following Remedies must be used Take of the Roots of Cyperus Florentine Orris Angelica Zedoary Elecompane each one Ounce of the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Peniroyal Calaminth each one handful of the Tops of Thym and Sage each half an handful of the Seeds of Anise Sesely and Fennel each three Drams of Liquorish rasped of Raisins of the Sun cleansed each one Ounce of the Leaves of Senna cleansed and sprinkled with Aqua Vitae two Ounces of the Seeds of Carthamus bruised and of fresh Polypody of the Oak each one Ounce of Agarick newly trochiscated of Turbith and Hermodactil's each three Drams of Ginger and Cloves each one Dram of the Flowers of Staechas of Rosemary Sage and Lavender each one pugil boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water to a Pint dissolve in it four Ounces of White Sugar clarifie it and aromatize it with two Drams of Cinnamon and make an Apozem for four Doses to be taken in a Morning In the first and last Dose dissolve three Drams of Diaphaenicon Or Take of the Mass of Pill Cochiae Minor two Scruples moisten them with Bettony Water make five or six Pills guild them and let him take them early in the Morning The Pills of Agarick and of Cochiae major are used for the same purpose Take of Gujacum and of Sarsaparilla each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water over hot Ashes then boil them over a gentle fire to the consumption of half strain it give half a Pint hot in the Morning and cover the Sick well that they may Sweat The use of this may be continued for fifteen or twenty days or longer In the use of Sudorifick Decoctions this is always to be observed viz. let some Purging Medicine be given once a Week omitting for that day the Sudorifick Potion Sneezing Apoplegmatisms Blisters Head Powders and Baths are also used After the use of the Diet Drink give the following Pills once a Week Take of the faetid Pill Coch. Minor each half a Dram Troches of Alhandal four Grains mingle them and make Pills to be taken in the Morning But because the Humour wants preparation before every Purge therefore two or three days before every Dose of the Pills give three or four Ounces of the following Water in the Morning two hours before Eating Take of Gujacum four Ounces of the Bark of the same one Ounce of Sarsaparilla one Ounce and an half of China one Ounce of Sassafras six Drams of Wood of Aloes and of Galingal each one Dram and an half of the Roots of Angelica Peony and Fennel each three Drams and an half of the Seeds of Peony two Drams infuse them twenty four hours in six Pints of Fountain Water and two Quarts of White Wine Afterwards add the Leaves of Bettony ground Pine Sage each one handful of the Flowers of the Lime-tree Primrose Staechas and Rosemary each two Pugils of Lavender Flowers one Pugil of Old Venice Treacle half an Ounce of the Seeds and Bark of Citron each two Drams and an half of Polypody half an Ounce of Cinnamon six Drams distil them in a Bath to two Pints and an half of the Liquor add four Ounces of Penids If the Purges abovementioned are not successful it will be convenient to give Chymical Vomits as Vinum Benedictum and the like if the Sick is able to bear them After general Evacuation we must use Topicks both to the Paralytick part to recall the Heat and Spirits and to the Spinal Marrow where for the most part resides the Cause of the Disease therefore let the part affected be rubbed daily gently with hot Cloaths and let Cupping Glasses be applied to the Heads of the Muscles of the part affected let them have a narrow Mouth and much Flame But they must not be kept on long lest what is attracted should be dissipated Afterwards apply a Plaister of Pitch and Rosin of the Pine that what is attracted may be kept in All the Paralytick part may be Stung gently with Nettles Afterwards the part affected may be anointed with proper Oils Ointments and Balsams The following Ointment is very good in this case Take of the Juice of Squills four Ounces of the Juice of Wild Cucumber and of the Juice of Rue each one Ounce of Euphorbium Castor Sagapenum Ammoniacum Bdellium dissolved all in Vinegar each one Dram and an half of Myrrh Frankincense Pellitory of Spain Niter each one Dram of Oils of Elder Turpentine and of Euphorbium each half an Ounce of Wax a sufficient quantity to make an Ointment After the anointing the part wrap it about with hot Cloaths If the Disease goes not off by these means Plaisters are to be applied to the Spine of the Back the following is of excellent use for this purpose Take of Ship-pitch Galbanum Sagapenum and Gum Ammoniack each one Ounce of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain and of Mustard Seed each half an Ounce of Euphorbium two Drams of Yellow Wax three Drams of Oyl of Turpentine a sufficient quantity make a Plaister It is also very good to Sweat the Part affected by the Vapours from a Decoction of Cephalick Herbs and Roots made in White Wine but the Decoction must not touch the Part. A Decoction of the Roots of Burdock is also much commended in this Case These sorts of Baths are to be used twice or thrice a Week and after Bathing you must put the Sick to Bed and give him a Dram of Venice Treacle The green Leaves of Tobacco infused in Malago Wine and the Parts bathed with it after Sweating is reckoned the best outward Remedy for a Palsie But lastly the Bath Waters are best if the Sick drink of them some days Bath and Wash the Head with them and afterwards rub the Parts with the Infusion of Tobacco Leaves The Paralytick Parts must be always kept warm If it can be with the Skins of Foxes Hares or Lambs CHAP. X. Of a Convulsion A Convulsion in Latin Spasmus is an involuntary and perpetual Retraction of the Nerves and Muscles towards their Original It is twofold one properly so called to which the Definition above mentioned agrees the other is rather a Convulsive Motion and they are thus distinguished In a true Convulsion the retraction of the Muscle is continual and the Member immoveable In a Convulsive Motion the Member is variously agitated as in the Falling-sickness They also differ in their Causes for a true Convulsion proceeds from fulness or emptiness a Convulsive Motion from Irritation A true Convulsion is divided into universal and particular an universal takes its rise either from the Brain and then the Muscles of the Face are also seised with Convulsions or it arises from the beginning of the Spinal Marrow then the Muscles of the Head or those that move the Spine forward or backward are seised with Convulsions Upon which account there are three sorts
day if his Strength will bear it which by casting forth the serous Humour through the Pores of the Body will perform the Cure Take of the decoction of Senna Gerionis four Ounces of Syrup of Buckthorn six Drams of Spirit of Sulphur five Drops of Aqua Mirabilis one Dram mingle them and make a Potion to be taken in the Morning At Bed-time after Purging give the following Pills Take of Pill Storax eight Grains of the Juice of Liquorish half a Scruple make three Pills Repeat the Purging Potion every third day for thrice Of the days the Sick does not Purge let him take of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of Red Roses vitriolated of the Electuary of Sassafras one Ounce of Frankincense powder'd one Dram of Diacodium a sufficient quantity make an Electuary let him take the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning and Evening drinking upon it three Ounces of the following Decoction Take of the pectoral Decoction one Pint add to it in boiling of Balsam of Tolu three Drams of the Leaves of Ground-Ivy half an handful To the strained Liquor add two Ounces of Diacodium and one Ounce of Spirit of Carraways mingle them Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used Lastly He that would wholly prevent this Disease must be well Cloathed and must remove into a hot and dry Country CHAP. XIII Of the Head-ach HEad-ach in Latin Cephalalgia This word is used for all Pains of the Head in general but properly it only signifies a new Pain of the Head Cephalaea is an inveterate Pain of the Head Hemierania the Pain of one side of the Head It is also divided into external and internal Idiopathick and Sympathick and of these some are pricking others heavy and some beating an inward pain of the Head is seated upon the Meninges which lies deep and reaches to the Roots of the Eyes but the outward pain is seated upon the Pericranium and is exasperated when the Head is prest or the Roots of the Hair turned back An Idiopathick Pain is continual This does not proceed from the disorder of other parts but a Sympatick Pain does What that part is which communicates the pain to the Head may be easily known by the proper Signs of the affected part The pain of the Head proceeds from a cold Cause and from a hot Cause For the Cure of the former the Flegmatick Matter is to be evacuated by the following Pills Take of the Pills of Ambar one Scruple and an half of Cochiae Minor two Scruples and an half of Tartar vitriolated ten Grains of Peruvium Balsam a sufficient quantity mingle them make twelve Pills give six of them once a Week in the Morning The Bath is very effectual in this case the party being bathed and his Head washed with it Sneezing Powder is also very proper Sudorifick Decoctions are also very beneficial in iinveterate pains Take of Sarsa parilla and Gujacum each two Ounces infuse them twenty four hours in two Quarts of Fountain Water upon hot Ashes and boil them over a gentle Fire till half is consumed add to it Coriander Seeds and Liquorish or of Sugar and Cinnamon as much as is sufficient to give an agreeable taste Strain it and keep it in a Glass let him take half a Pint hot in a Morning for fifteen twenty or thirty days and let him have more Cloaths on than ordinary But this is to be noted in the use of Sudorifick decoctions that some Purging Medicine must be given once a Week from the very beginning of the Cure Specifick Remedies should be used and such an one is the following Epithem Take of the Powder of Zedoary one Draw of the Waters of Bettony Vervain and Elder each one Ounce mingle them apply it hot to the pained part with Scarlet Cloth Among the Specificks for the pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises Vervain is the chief whereof the distilled Water is applied to the Head and taken inwardly to four Ounces with four Drops of Spirit of Salt and Forestus says that he knew two sick People that were Cured by only hanging green Vervain about their Necks when other Medicines were used to no purpose If the pain of the Head proceed from a hot Cause give first a Glyster and then Bleed But a greater quantity of Blood is to be taken away when the Pain proceeds from Blood than when Choler abounds Afterwards some Medicines that Purge Choler must be given not only when Choler is the chief Cause but also when Blood is Luxuriant for the thinner part soon turns to Choler If by one Evacuation the peccant matter is not sufficiently purged the Purging Medicine must be repeated at due distances of time in the whole course of the Disease if the Belly be not fluid Glysters that are emollient cooling and gently Purging are to be injected every day For pains of the Head which come upon continual Feavers Sheeps Lungs taken out hot and applied to the Head do powerfully asswage the Pain Or Take of the Seeds of white Poppies two Drams of Saffron half a Scruple of Camphor one Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Populeon Oyntment spread them upon Leather and apply them to the Forehead And after general Evacuations derivation may be successfully used by Bleeding in the Forehead with a Lancet or with Leeches and by applying Blisters to the Neck In the mean while the Humours must be attemperated by Juleps and Emulsions Lastly If the Pain be very violent we must use Narcoticks outwardly and inwardly In every Pain of the Head from whatever Cause it arises and will not yield to other Remedies the Head must be shaved and a large Blister applied all over it Diseases of the EYES CHAP. XIV Of a Gutta Serena WHen the Sight is lost and there is no apparent fault in the Eye it is occasioned by the hindrance of the influx of the Animal Spirits into the Eyes An Obstruction is the most ordinary cause of a Gutta Serena which is generated by a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Brain into the Optick Nerves But it is also certain that this Disease is occasioned by the compression of the Optick Nerves by Flegm coleated about them or with Blood or some other Matter heap'd up in that place whereby Tumors are made in those places and Experience shews that an inflamation of the Brain or Phrensie in malignant Feavers occasion Blindness Lastly Wounds in the Head whereby the Optick Nerves are cut hinder the influx of the Animal Spirits to the Eyes This Disease is known by the Eyes seeming to continue in their Natural State only the Pupil appears blacker and larger But there is great difficulty in distinguishing the Causes of it for though when it proceeds from Blood or Pus an Inflamation Abscess or Wound go before yet no sure Sign can be given to distinguish a compression by a Flegmatick Humour from an Obstruction Yet we may in some sort guess because in an Obstruction only of the
Eyes for those that have such Eyes are subject to Suffusions for prominent Eyes are wont to be large and so fitter to receive Humours and Vapours Some external Causes also occasion weakness as a Blow Contusion Bathing a Southerly and Rainy Season long continuing in the Sun Smoak hard Reading especially by a Candle which occasions a Fluxion of Humours upon the Eyes The differences of Suffusions arise from the thickness quantity or place where the Humour resides that occasions them By reason of the greater or lesser thickness the Obstruction of the Sight is more or less for if the Humour be thin and serous the Sight is but little obstructed if very thick blindness is occasion'd By reason of the quantity and place the Humour possesses either all the Pupil and then the Sight is equally obstructed which way soever it is directed to the Objects or it covers one part of the Pupil more than another and the Objects are not seen whole by looking directly nor many at one time But if the Humour be very small and is seated in the middle of the Pupil the Objects appear as if there were holes in them But if the Matter be torn into various Corpuscles seated in various Parts of the Pupil the appearance of Gnats is always before the Eyes Also Hair Cobwebs Circles about a Candle and many other things The Diagnostick of this Disease is first to be directed to a legitimate Suffusion to distinguish it from a spurious afterwards the various Sorts of a legitimate Suffusion are to be enquired into A true Suffusion seizes only one of the Eyes most commonly or if both not at the same time nor alike which happens in a Bastard Suffusion Secondly in a legitimate Suffusion something dark appears in the Pupil which is not in a Spurious but this Sign is not constant for if the Suffusion be generated from a thin and serous Humour there is no change in the Eye that Humour being scarce thicker than the watery Humour upon which account Physicians mistake it for a Gutta Serena But this Suffusion is easily distinguished from a Gutta Serena for in a Gutta Serena the Sight is wholly taken away or much diminished no fault appearing in the Eye But in a Suffusion which does not appear to the Sight the Sick can see tolerably well because the serous Humour from whence it is produced is thin and clear so that the species of the Objects can pass through it like Glass and then in a Suffulsion the Sight is not for the most part obstructed in althe Parts of the Pupil but the Objects are sometimes seen best when they are placed directly opposite to the Eye and sometimes when they are placed towards the Corner because most commonly there is a greater thickness or thinness in one part of the Pupil than in another Thirdly In a true Suffusion the Symptoms are continual but in a Bastard Suffusion they are encreased or lessened by intervals as the Vapours rise more or less to the Head and so when the Stomach is empty they are much less than when it is full for then a greater quantity of Vapours arise from the Head and then the Gnats Cobwebs and the like appear only by intervals Besides in a true Suffusion the Sight seems to pass always through a Cloud or thick Glass which is the proper and Pathognomonick Symptom of it But in a Bastard Suffusion the Sight is sometimes very good CVRE The Cure is easier performed in Summer than in Winter If a Suffusion come upon an acute Fever after a Peripneumonia Frensie or violent Pains of the Head it is very hard to cure A confirm'd Suffusion can be cured only by Couching In a confirm'd Suffusion if having shut the other Eye the Pupil is dilated there is hope of a Cure by Couching otherwise there is none for then the Optick Nerve is obstructed and so the Spirits cannot come to the Pupil A black Suffusion can never be cured and but very rarely a green or yellow A Suffusion which represents the Objects by holes is not to be Couched Couching succeeds best when the Eye is full and at its natural bigness for if it be withered and small it will not succeed This Operation must not be attempted in old Age or in Child-hood nor when the Eye being pressed with the Finger the Suffusion appears broader and then returns to its wonted bigness and shape for then it is not ripe But if being pressed with the Finger it does not alter its shape it may be Couched When it is ripe it is like a thin Skin and may be wrapped round the Needle and thrust to the lower Part of the Eye The Cure of a Suffusion is not to be directed only to the conjunct Cause but also to the antecedent and therefore the whole Body especially the Brain must be first well Purged afterwards the Humour obstructing the Pupil must be difcussed or removed some other way Which Indications being the same in a manner as were proposed for the Cure of a Gutta Serena may be sought for there Therefore all that Cure being premised which was instituted for a Gutta Serena we must proceed to those Remedies which respect peculiarly the taking off the Matter that is seated near the Pupil and though Topical Remedies may seem not to do much good yet a due use of them is not to be rejected for experience teaches that incipient Suffusions have been cured by Topical Remedies when they have been used after general Evacuations First therefore you must begin with gentle Resolvents which must not dry too much lest the Matter of the Suffusions should be hardned and so rendred unfit for Resolution and Emollients are therefore to be mixed with the Resolvents to prevent the hardening of the Matter and to render the resolving of it more easie to which end the following Fomentation may be used at the beginning Take of the Leaves of Rue Fennel Eyebright and the greater Celandine each one handful of the Seeds of Foenugreek one ounce of the Flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one pugil boil them in three parts of Fountain Water and one of Wine added at the end Strain it and foment the Eyes with it with a soft Spunge Morning and Evening and the Head being covered the Steam of the Decoction may be received into the Eyes At the very beginning of the Disease when the Fluxion is beginning and when Medicines are used for Revulsion it will be proper to foment the Eyes with Red Wine to hinder the Fluxion In the Progress of the Disease a Fomentation of White Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum has been infused is very beneficial and the Breath of a Child having first chewed Fennel-seeds received into the Eyes and a Child or a Whelp licking the Eyes in the Morning is also good and Bread hot out of the Oven mixed with Fennel-seeds held to the Eyes till they are moist with the Vapour of it The foresaid Remedies must be used in the
Morning chiefly At Night apply the following Cataplasm Take of the Flower of Foenugreek-seed one ounce of Aloes half an ounce of Saffron one dram make a fine Powder mix it with White Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum has been infused make a Cataplasm to be applied hot at Bed time Many commend Pidgeons Blood dropped hot into the Eye but because the heat of it soon goes off it were better to apply a young Pidgeon before it has Feathers cut in the middle to the Eye The Suffusion being cured either by Resolving Medicines or by Chirurgical Operation care must be taken to preserve the Eyes for the Eyes being much weakned by the Disease are ready to receive Fluxions therefore Purging is to be used frequently and Issues are to be made to turn the Humours and such strengthening things are to be used as were proposed in a Gutta Serena and the Eyes must be washed in the Morning with Wine held in the Mouth till it is warm and mixed with Sage chewed in the Mouth Moreover Spectacles that represent the Objects neither greater nor lesser than they are preserve the Sight much Lastly all those things are to be avoided which injure the Sight and such as help it are to be used CHAP. XVIII Of the Dilatation of the Pupil THE Vvea Tunica is subject to many Diseases especially Rupture Distortion Dilatation and Constriction A Rupture may be occasioned by an external Cause as by a Bruise or the like or by an internal namely by a great quantity of Humours extending or breaking it But this can never be cured by Art the distorting of it happens from the first Conformation when it sticks on every side to the horny Tunick and this also can never be cured The Dilatation of the Pupil which is the hole of the Vvea Tunica through which the Species of the Objects enter the Eye injures the Sight for that the Light enters in too great quantity upon which account such as are troubled with a Dilatation of the Pupil see better where there is a little Light than where there is a great deal and this shews the natural and the ordinary changes of the Pupil which happen according to the more or less Light of the place we are in for in a very light place the Pupil is contracted and this is the Reason that when we come out of a very light Place into another that is more obscure we can at first scarce see any thing till the Pupil is gradually dilated to receive more light and then things that could not be seen at first plainly appear and on the contrary they that come put of a dark place into a very light place can scarce bear the Light The preternatural Dilatation of the Pupil is either from the Birth or arises from preternatural adventitious Causes which are either internal or external The next and immediate of the Internals is Extension of the Tunica Vvea which is either from driness or repletion driness stretches the Vvea and renders the hole of the Pupil larger as holes in Leather are larger when they are dry This dry Intemperies is occasioned by long Watchings by Fevers and other drying Causes The Repletion of the Tunica Vvea it being extended on every side renders the Pupil larger and this is produced either by Wind or Vapours or by Humours flowing upon the Eye or by the watery Humour encreased above measure and lastly from a Swelling of the Tunica Vva To these Causes may be added a Convulsion of the Tunick which chiefly appears in Fits of the Falling Sickness and in Chldrens Convulsions The external Causes are a Fall a violent Shaking holding of the breath in Women in Travail and in Trumpeters The Diagnostick of this Disease is not difficult for the Dilatation of the Pupil may be perceived by the Eyes especially if before the Disease the Physician know the natural largeness of it and also if with the largeness of the Pupil the Sight is obstructed besides the natural largeness of the Pupil is known by shutting one Eye for then the Pupil of the other is more dilated which does not happen in a Dilatation that is a Disease because the Tunica Vvea is so much distended by the preternatural Cause that it can be distended no further As to the Prognostick A Dilatation of the Pupil from the Birth is incurable and that which arises after is difficult to Cure especially if Driness be the Cause CVRE The Cure is to be varied according to the variety of the Causes and if it come from Driness the whole Body must be refreshed with moistning Medicines and Nourishment such as is used in Hectick Fevers the Body is also to be moistned with a Bath of hot Water and new Milk if it be also frequently drop'd into the Eyes especially Womens Milk If it proceed from an Humour that fills the Eye the-whole Body is to be Evacuated and presently the Hu +mour wherewith the Eye is stopped must be discussed which may be sufficiently performed by the Remedies prescribed in the Cure of a Suffusion But after them Astringents may be used to contract the Pupil of the Eye to which end the following Collyrium may be used Take of Red Roses dried two scruples of Saffron Spikenard and the Bark of Frankinâ—ense each half a scruple of Tutty prepared Spodium Acacia each one scruple reduce them to a Powder and tie it up in a fine Rag and infuse it in three ounces of rose-Rose-water Drop the Water in the Eyes often and press the Rag every time you use the Water If it proceed from Wind after general Evacuations those Medicines are to be used which expel Wind and the Eyes may be fomented with a Decoction of Fennel Rue Dill Red Roses and Myrtles made in Rose-water and a fourth part of White Wine Lastly if it be occasioned by a Bruise it must be cured like an Ophthalma if there be an Inflammation but if there be no Inflammation apply at the beginning a Cataplasm made of Bean Flower the Leaves of Plantane Red Roses and Rose-water But afterwards Pidgeons Blood must be often drop'd into the Eye which is an excellent Remedy for all Wounds and Bruises of the Eyes CHAP. XIX Of the Narrowness of the Pupil THE Narrowness of the Pupil is also injurious to the Sight It is either narrow from the Birth and then it is no great Injury for though they cannot see so well as others in a Place where there is not much light yet they see better in a very light Place or the Narrowness of the Pupil is occasioned by preternatural Causes as from too great moisture or driness from a Defect in the Watery Humour or for want of Spirits The Cure of this Disease is the same with the former though they produce different Effects CHAP. XX. Of an Albugo Spot and other Colours of the Cornea changed THE natural Constitution of the Cornea is altered when it loses its Perspicuity or changed into another Colour It loses its
clearness when it grows thick by driness which often happens in old People and is never to be cured Or it is thickned by gross Humours stuff'd into it which frequently happens in an Ophthalmia when by reason of too great an use of Resolvent Remedies the thinner Parts of the Humours are discussed the thick remaining behind Or when by cooling Medicines used too often the Humours are thickned and then the Horny Tunick is not only thicker in that Part where the Humour is impacted but it also turns white and is called Leucoma or Albugo but such a Disease is also occasioned by the Cicatrix of a Wound whereby the Cornea is rendred thicker and loses its clearness There are several sorts of it as it is more or less thick one only possesses the Superficies of the Cornea another is seated deep and penetrates the whole Cornea one is greater and possesses the whole Pupil or the greatest Part of it another is small and covers only a small Part of the Pupil and then it is called a Spot The Cornea is also infected with a different Colour when Blood is poured off upon it and then it is called Suggillatio and then all the Objects appear red or when Choler insinuates it self into it which often happens in the Jaundice and then the Objects appear yellow Those Diseases do not want peculiar Diagnosticks because they are apparent As to the Prognosticks An Albugo which proceeds from Flegm or from a gross Humour remaining after an Ophthalmia is easily cured if it be not inveterate But that which is occasioned by a Cicatrix is very difficultly cured because Parts of exquisite Sense can scarce bear such sharp Remedies as are necessary to take off the Cicatrix The Cure of an Albugo occasioned by Flegmatick Humours concreted in the Cornea must be performed by emollient discutient and attenuating Medicines But universal Remedies mush be premised which carry off the antecedent Cause and prevent a new influx of Humours such are set down in the Cure of a Suffusion and Gutta Serena afterwards a Fomentation is to be applied with soft Spunges to mollifie the concreted Matter made of the Decoction of Foenugreek Melilot Celandine and Fennel or the Vapour of this Decoction may be received into the Eyes Presently after discussing Remedies are to be used such as are prescibed for the Cure of a Suffusion and attenuating Eye Medicines and such as resolve the Humour impacted in the Eye especially such as are made of Honey distilled are to be used for the Water of distilled Honey is very good to take out Spots from the Eyes if the use of it be long continued Sugar-Candy dissolved in Eyebright Celandine or Fennel-water is also good and let the Eye be often licked with a Boy 's or Girl 's Tongue they having first chewed Fennel in their Mouths Amatus Lusitanus says that he cured a Girl of twelve Years of Age that had thick Clouds in her Eyes with the following Collyrium having first used the Decoction Sarsa for three Weeks Take two Pound of Honey in the Comb of the Tops of Fennel of the Flowers of Elder and Eyebright each two Pugils of Sugar-Candy two ounces distil them in a Bath and drop the Water into the Eyes The Juice of Fennel fresh drawn with one drop of Peruvian Balsam in it discusses powerfully an Albugo the Oil of burnt Rags mixt with the Spittle of a Boy being applied with a Feather is also good This Oil is drawn by firing a Rag and extinguishing it between two Platters when it is cold the drops of Oil will stick to the Platter But an Albugo or a Spot occasioned by a Cicatrix is cured by those Remedies which mollifie attenuate and dissolve but because those things that take off the Cicatrix are Acrimonious the greater care ought to be taken that universal Evacuations and Revulsions are first used lest Humours should flow to the Part afterwards it will be convenient to use such Fomentations which are mentioned above and then discutient and abstersive Remedies are to be applied First those that are gentle especially the Compound Water of Honey above described But afterwards stronger as the Galls of Fish of the Pike and the like Also of other Animals as of the Partridge Cock Goose Bull and the like also the Juices of the greater Celandine the lesser Centaury Brooklime and the like which are to be mixed with Honey both because the Honey is discutient and abstersive also because Liquors drop'd into the Eye run presently to the Corners and will not stay upon the Pupil upon which they ought to work but when they are mixed with Honey they easily stick to it but by reason of their sharpness the foresaid Juices or Galls may be thickned with the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth Psyllium or Quinces extracted in Penny-royal or Eye-bright Water the form of a Collyrium with Juices may be such as follows Take of the Juice of Fennel Celandine and Brook-lime each three Drams of the Juice of the lesser Centaury half an ounce of white Honey one ounce mingle them like a Liniment if with the Albugo there is a redness of the Eyes the Collyrium made of White Wine Salt and Wheat described in the Chapter of an Ophthalmia is good or the following may be used Take of Aloes and Agarick each one scruple powder them and tie them up in a Rag and infuse them in Eye-bright or Fennel-water and rub the Eyes with it Morning and Evening The Aloes cleanses strengthens and stops Fluxions and the Agarick is very abstersive Suggilatio or the red Colour of the Eyes occasioned by Blood pour'd upon them if it be fresh may be easily cured by dropping Pidgeons Blood into the Eyes or for want of it Womans Milk with a little Frankincense and Saffron or the Yolk of an Egg with Wine may be used But if the Disease be obstinate the Eye must be fomented with a Decoction of Foenugreek Marsh mallows Fennel Rue and Celandine or the Steam of the Decoction may be received into the Eyes Lastly all those things that we prescribed for a Suffusion are proper for the Cure of this Disease But when the Disease is inveterate and when that which was red begins to turn black the Tops of Hyssop wrap'd in a Rag and dipp'd in boiling Water and applied to the Eye are particularly recommended by Galen and Experience shews that this Remedy is so very effectual that the Blood is apparently drawn out and sticks to the Rag. Lastly the yellow Colour which appears in the Eyes of those that have the Jaundice goes off of its own accord when the Disease is cured But if you desire to hasten the Dissipation of it the Steam of Vinegar received in the Eyes will do it CHAP. XXI Of an Ophthalmia THE Tunica adnata is so nearly joined to the Cornea that many Diseases possess both Tunicks so an Inflammation of the Eyes though it properly belong to the Tunica adnata yet is very often extended
Medicines may be applied to the Forehead and the Temples at the very beginning of the Disease because by them the Veins by which the Humours fall upon the Eyes are compressed and the Humour repelled They may be made after this manner Take of Bole-armenick Dragons blood Frankincense Mastich each one Dram red Roses Balaustins and the Flower of Lentles each two Scruples mix them with the White of an Egg and Vinegar of Roses Make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Forehead and Temples A Cataplasm made of the Juice of Nettles and Wheaten Flower is esteemed very effectual for stopping the Flux of Humours upon the Eye being applied to the Forehead and Temples sometimes the Juice of Nettles by a specifick quality does stop all manner of Fluxes of Blood being either applied outwardly to the place or taken inwardly In the mean time if the pain be very violent which causes a Fluxion more and more upon the Eyes anodine Medicines must be applied to the Eyes of which the new Milk of an healthful Woman is the best which is to be milk'd from the Breast into the Eye instead of it new Cheese made of Sheeps Milk may be used But it must be often changed lest it turn to Butter and so augment the inflamation The White of an Egg beat into Water is greatly commended by Galen because it eases Pain and stops the Fluxion gently An Apple roasted under Cinders does also greatly mitigate the pain of the Eyes The Mucilages of the Seeds of Fleabean Quinces and Fenugreek Seeds extracted with Rose-water do greatly ease Pain they must be changed once in two days lest they become sharp Of these several Compositions may be made upon occasion For example Take of the Pap of a sweet Apple roasted under the Cinders one Ounce of the Mucilages of the Seeds of Psyllium and of Quinces extracted in rose-Rose-water each six Drams of the Liquor of the White of a new Egg and Womans Milk each one Ounce Make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Eyes Pieces of Kids Calves or Sheeps Flesh new kill'd frequently applied to the Eyes powerfully ease Pains A more simple Cataplasm may be made of Crums of Bread moistned in Womans Milk and rose-Rose-water But if the Pain be vehement and intolerable Narcoticks must be used but sparingly and with Caution because they condense the Spirits that serve for Sight and thicken the Coats of the Eye and the Humours and so dull the Sight Amongst the Ocular Narcoticks Trochisci Albi Rhasis with Opium are the best which may be prescribed after this manner Take of Rose Water two Ounces the White of an Egg strongly beaten one Ounce Trochisci Albi Rhasis with Opium one Dram make a Collyrium to be dropt into the Eyes After the Pain is abated repelling Medicines are to be used which ought to be moderate and anodine Medicines are to be always mixed with them to this end the following Collyrium uses to be prescribed Take of Plantane-water Rose-water each an Ounce and an half Liquor of the White of an Egg an Ounce Trochisci Albi Rhasis without Opium one Dram make a Collyrium to be often dropt into the Eyes If the Pain be more sharp Womans Milk and the above mentioned Mucilages may be added to the Collyrium The following Remedy powerfully abates the Inflammation and stops the Fluxion Take the white of one Egg beat it with a pretty big piece of Allum in a Tin Platter stir it until it has got the consistence of an Ointment spread it upon a Rag and apply it warm to the Eyes romove it in the space of two Hours lest by staying too long it fix the Humours in the Eye by the astringent force which is in the Allum Sal Saturni dissolved in Rose-water or Oxycrate or mixed with Pomatum does powerfully extinguish the Inflammation of the Eyes In the augmentation of the Disease digesting Medicines are to be mixed with repelling Medicines therefore to the above-mentioned Collyriums may be added Waters of Eye-bright Fennel Celandine and the Mucilages of the Seeds of Flax Marsh-Mallows Foenugreek Galen chiefly commends the Decoction of Foenugreek Seeds because it Digests Concocts and moderately repels When the Disease is at a height Sarcocol is also added to Collyriums which digests a little more powerfully But because it hurts the Eyes by its Acrimony it is fit to infuse it some days in Milk often changed before it be used and a small quantity of it ought to be prepared at once for after it is long kept it turns sharp and is hurtful to the Eyes it may be used after this manner Take of Flowers of Melilot Camomil red Roses each one pugil of the Seeds of Foemigreek well cleansed one dram boil them in Plantane-water in four ounces of the strained Liquor dissolve a dram of Sarcocol prepared of Tutty prepared and Trochisci albi Rhasis without Opium each half a dram make a Collyrium There are some Waters commended by Authors as very effectual Quercetan in his Dispensatory commends the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum in Eye-bright and Plantane-waters Crollius and the rest of the Chymists greatly commend Salt of Saturn dissolved in Rose-water to which may be added some Grains of Sal Ammoniacum It may be prescribed after this manner Take of Sacharum Saturni three grains of Salt Ammoniacum three grains Rose-water three ounces mix them and drop of it into the Eyes Morning and Night A Water made of white Vitriol it being dissolved in Red Rose-water or Plantane-water is commonly used as Take of White Vitriol one scruple dissolve it in four ounces of Plantane or rose-Rose-water strain it and drop it into the Eyes If it be too sharp it must be qualified by mixing more Water with it Many Ointments are also commended for the Cure of an Ophthalmia Take of prepared Tutty an ounce and an half of Camphor one dram of Verdigrease grains twelve powder the Camphor and the Tutty together in a Mortar and the Verdigrease by it self all of them must be very finely powdered then take of fresh Butter one Ounce of rose-Rose-water one dram boil them together gently and having taken them from the Fire mix by degrees first the Tutty with the Camphor afterwards the Verdigrease strain them through Silk and make an Oyntment Anoint the inward part of the Eye-lids especially about corners with this Oyntment This is of excellent use for Inflammations of the Eyes and for itching of the Eye-lids When the Disease is come to its State resolving Remedies ought to exceed Repellents and the same Remedâ—es which were used at the beginning are also good when it is at its height if you increase the quantity of the Resolvents and lessen the quantity of the repelling Ingredients A Fomentation made in the following manner is convenient to be used to discuss the Morbisick Matter when the Disease is at height Take of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Roses each one Pugil of the Seeds of Fenugreek two Ounces make a Decoction wherewith foment
the Eyes with linnen rags four times double This Fomentation may be also used at the beginning or declination of the Disease it must be applied hot in the Winter and warm in the Summer The Oyl of Rags or the Liquor which is drawn from Rags burnt and extinguished betwixt two Platters is excellent to discuss an Ophthalmia a drop of it mixed with a Childs Spittle being put into the Eye with a Feather And Collyria that are more resolvent may be used at the declination Take of Frankincense and Aloes each half a dram of Sarcocol moistned with Womans Milk one dram and an half of Saffron half a Scruple of the Mucilage of Fenugreek Seeds half an Ounce of Fennel and Eye-bright Water each an Ounce make a Collyrium Fennel Water mixed with Astringent Wine is good to be used in the manner of a Fomentation to discuss the Relicks of the Disease and to strengthen the Eye A Decoction of Hyssop is excellent to take off the Redness which remains at last But an inveterate Ophthalmia which has continued many Years requires a somewhat different and longer Method of Cure If it proceed from a hot Intempories then such Remedies as correct it are to be used after Bleeding and convenient Purging Baths Whey and Vitriolick Mineral Waters and Leeches applied to the Hemorrhoids do much good But if the matter of an Ophthalmia arise only from an Intemperies of the Brain from whence Flegmatick Humours flow to the Eyes with somewhat of Blood then care must be taken to purge the Brain twice thrice or four times in a Month and a Seaton must be made in the Neck and Masticatories are of use But if the Brain want to be more dried Sudorifick Decoctions of China Sarsaparilla and the like must be used and the Resolvent Fomentation and Oyntment mentioned above are to be applied and the following Water is very effectual Take of the best Aloes and of Tutty prepared each six drams of white Sugar one Ounce of rose-Rose-water and of White-wine that is not acid each six Ounces infuse them in the Sun for forty days in a Glass well stop'd drop in a few drops of this Water not strained into the Eye Sometimes in an inveterate Ophthalmia much Filth like Matter is collected in the Eyes and in this case Cotton finely carded and well dried and applied over the Eyes for many nights together will draw it out To conclude Zacutus Lusitanus cured a desperate Ophthalmia that had continued notwithstanding all other Remedies for a Year with Fluxing CHAP. XXII Of Matter collected under the Cornea INflanâ—ations of the Eyes when they are Violent and a great Tumor is raised cannot sometimes be dissolved but turn to Matter which is greatly to be feared for then Ulcers succeed and sometimes a Collection of Matter under the Cornea which is called Hypopyon This also often happens by Contusions of the Eyes This Disease is known not only by the white colour that resembles Matter but also by the Inflammation that went before and when the Eye is moved the Matter seems to move under the Cornea the Eye looks red and there is a throbbing Pain in it or at least it went before In order to the Cure Universal Remedies being premised if any relicks of the Inflammation remain they must be taken off by Remedies prescribed in the foregoing Chapter and afterwards use a Fomentation made of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot the Seeds of Psyllium and Fenugreek afterwards you may use the following Collyrium Take of the Waters of Vervain Rue Celandine Roses Fennel each half an Ounce of the best Aloes Tutty prepared each half a dram of Sugar-candy one dram powder them and mingle them and add to them a little Womans Milk make a Collyrium Drop a few drops into the Eye twice or thrice a day The following Medicine is also very effectual Take of Saffron Aloes Myrrh each one dram of Wine three drams of Hony six drams dissolve the Saffron in Wine then mingle the Aloes and Myrrh and lastly the Hony anoint the Eyes with it And those Remedies are also proper which were prescribed for Spots of the Eyes and for a Suffusion but if the Matter cannot be discussed by resolving Medicines other Remedies must be used Galen mentions an Oculist of his time that cured many of this Disease with placing the Patient upright in a Chair and holding his Head on both Sides and suddenly shaking it the Matter sunk down But if this will not do Galen proposes to Cure it by Puncture as in a Suffusion But for this Operation the most skilful Chirurgion must be procured CHAP. XXIII Of Bladders called Phlyctaenae IN the Tunicks called Cornea and Adnata as in other Parts of the Body are wont to be generated small Bladders full of Water like the Bladders which arise from Scaulds they are of the bigness of Millet Seeds and are occasioned by acid and watery Humours they are easily known for they appear to Sight Those that arise in the Adnata are of a red Colour but those in the Cornea are blackish when they are placed upon the Superficies of it but they are white if they lie deep Those that are seated in the Adnata are not so dangerous as those in the Cornea the superficial is less dangerous than they that are deep The Cure of then must be performed by resolving the conjunct Matter and by turning the antecedent Cause the other way and great care must be taken to hinder Suppuration wherefore universal Evacuations Revulsions and Derivations which were propos'd in the Cure of an Ophthalmia are also of use here Afterwards Topicks are to be applied which gently repel in the beginning but in the Progress of the Disease such things as dry and and resolve are to be used which you may see in the Chapter of an Ophthalmia CHAP. XXIV Of the Vlcers of the Tunicks called Cornea and Adnata ULCERS in those Tunicks use to follow an Ophthalmia when it comes to Suppuration they also follow the breaking of the Bladders in the Cornea They are also occasioned by sharp and corroding Humours that fall upon the Eyes Great variety of them are proposed by Authors according to the various Circumstances They are easily known because they appear to Sight If the Ulcer be in the Cornea it appears white in the black of the Eye if it be in the Adnata a red Spot appears in the white of the Eye These Ulcers are very hard to Cure and dangerous but much more in the Cornea than in the Adnata That which is near the Pupil is most dangerous because when it is cured a Cicatrix is left behind which spoils the Clearness of the Sight The Cure of this Disease as of other Ulcers is to be perform'd by cleansing and drying Medicines but they must be very gentle by reason of the softness and exquisite Sense of the Part but those things are to be used first which stop the Fluxion Such are to be found in the Chapter
of an Ophthalmia If there be also an Inflammation and Pain Medicines respecting both must be added to the former Moderate cleansing and drying Medicines are Sugar Honey Saffron Myrrh Frankincense Aloes Sarcocol Tutty and Ceruss whereof the following Forms may be composed Take of the Decoction of Barly and Foenugreek four ounces of the best Hony half an ounce or of Syrup of dried Roses one ounce make a Collyrium wherewith wash the Eye often or Take of Vervain and Plantane Waters each two ounces of Sugar-Candy half an ounce mingle them for a Collyrium or Take of Hony Water distilled in a Bath and of Rose-water each equal Parts or Take an Egg boiled hard and clear'd from the Shell divide it into two parts take out the Yolk and fill the hole with Sugar-Candy powder'd bind it up and set it in a Cellar and a Liquor will drop from it which is very fit to cleanse Vlcers if you would have it operate more powerfully you must mix powder'd Myrrh with the Sugar-Candy In the Progress of the Disease if it is necessary to cleanse and dry more powerfully add to the forementioned Collyria white Troches of Rhasis Frankincense Aloes Myrrh Sarcocol and such like in a small Dose You may also add Milk the White of an Egg Mucilages and other Anodyns but Tutty is better than the rest because it dries without causing Pain The following Collyrium is very drying and cleansing Take of Sarcocol moistned in Rose-water of Ceruss Aloes wash'd Myrrh Tutty prepared each half a dram of Sugar-Candy one dram with the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth extracted in Rose-water make a Collyrium wherewith anoint the Eye-lids CHAP. XXV Of the Cancer of the Cornea AS Cancers are wont to happen in all Parts of the Body so also they sometimes grow in the Eyes A Cancer of the Eye is either occult or ulcerated An occult is called a Cancerous Tumor when it is ulcerated it is called a cancerous Ulcer in both there is an unequal hardness and a leaden and livid Colour great and pricking Pain especially about the Temples the Veins appear swoln like a Varix in the Tumour and in the Neighbouring Parts sharp Blood frequently flows our when the Cancer is ulcerated and the Pain is very much exasperated by Medicines that are never so little heating This Disease is incurable both in the Eye and in other Parts of the Body when it is rooted unless it be irradicated by a Chirurgical Operation Two sorts of Cures are proposed by Authors viz. a true one and a palliative The true one can be performed only by Chirurgery the palliative Cure which mitigates the Symptoms is perform'd by Evacuations and convenient Topicks But first of all a cooling and moistning Course of Diet must be ordered afterwards Blood must be drawn from the Part opposite to the Eye affected and Leeches must be applied behind the Ears of the same side and to the Hemorrhoidal Veins if they are any whit swelled Cupping-glasses must be also applied to the Shoulders and other sorts of Revulsions must be used Purging and the preparaâ—ion of the Humours by Potions Apozems medicated Brothes and the like must be frequently prescribed But above all Black Hellebore rightly prepared or the extract of it for an incipient Cancer has been cured by using of it twice or thrice These Remedies hinder the influx of the Humours into the Eyes and much lessen the Pain and other Symptoms But Topical Remedies such as are described in the Chapter of an Ophthalmia to ease pain do also much good especially Collyria made of Mucilages of the white Troches of Rhasis of Tutty prepared and with the Water of Roses Night-shade and Plantane The following Water is excellent for washing the Eye Take of the Roots of the greater Figwort and of Herb-Robert each two handfuls of Ribwort Night-shade Borrage Bugloss Purslain Eye-bright Betony each one handful of green Frogs and of the white of Eggs each number seven of the Seeds of Foenugreek and Quinces each one ounce the Roots and Seeds must be beat and the Leaves cut then pour upon them of rose-Rose-water and Eye-bright water each one pint mingle them and distil them in a leaden Still The Flesh of Pullets eases the Pain much and some say this Disease has been cured by this Remedy only A Lady that had an ulcerous Cancer upon all the right side of her Face a long while and had used various Medicines that were prescribed by Italian French German and Spanish Physicians was cured by a Barber by this common Remedy He cut Chickens into thin and broad Pieces and applied them often in a day to the Part affected Lastly The true Cure of a confirm'd Cancer can only be perform'd by the Extraction of the Eye which Fabricious Hildanus says may be safely and successfully done and he describes at large the manner of Extirpation and all the Circumstances of it in his Observations CHAP. XXVI Of the Rupture of the Cornea THERE is such a Solution of the Continuum in the horny Tunick sometimes that the watery Humour comes out of the Tunica Vvea this is call'd a Rupture of the Cornea The cause of this is either a Rupture or a Wound and it is most commonly incurable but if the Wound be small and if but part of the watery Humour flows out the Cure may be undertaken For Galen says that the watery Humour is sometimes regenerated The Cure of this Disease must be entred upon by conglutinating Remedies Universal Evacuations namely Bleeding and Purging if they are necessary being first used drop into the Eye the White of an Egg mingled with the white Troches of Rhasis and foment the Part with the Decoction of Red Roses of the Leaves of Knot-grass Brambles Shepherds Purse and Plantane made in astringent Wine if there be not an Inflammation if there be it must be made in Simple Water Or Take of Quinces paired the Seeds and Cores being taken out half a pound of red Roses three pugils of Acacia two drams of Saffron one scruple boil them in astringent Wine and make a Pulâ—ise to be applied to the Part and to strengthen the whole the following Collyrium must be used Take of Aloes wash'd of prepared Tutty and of Sarcocol moistned with Womans Milk each half a scruple Saffron grains eight with Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make a Collyrium CHAP. XXVII Of the Falling out of the Uvea THE Falling out of the Vvea often succeeds the Rupture of the Cornea the Cure of it is very difficult But if it be very small it may be oured by moderate Astringents such as are proposed in the foregoing Chapter CHAP. XXVIII Of a Fistula Lachrimalis HItherto the Diseases of the Eyes which happen in the Tunicks or Humours of them have been treated of It remains now that we speak of the Diseases of the Eye-lids and of the Corners of the Eyes And first the Tumour appearing betwixt the greater Angle of the Eye and the Root of the Nose offers
it self it is called Oegylops and Anchylops Anchylops before it is broken But Oegylops after it is broken This Tumor or rather Tubercle is sometimes with an Inflammation and sometimes without when it is accompanied with an Inflammation it is red about and painful and is occasioned by thin and cholerick Blood brought by the Veins of the Temples Forehead and Face to the Part and for the most part degenerates into a sinuous Ulcer and then it is called Fistula Lachrimalis which if it continues a Year occasions a Caries of the Bone which may be known by the Cavity it makes by the stinking Matter and the roughness that is perceived by the Probe This Tubercle also comes without an Inflammation and then it is generated by a gross and viscid Humour that resembles Honey then it is to be reckoned with those Tumors which are called Atheroma Steatoma and Meliceris which are wont to be without Pain The Cure of an Oegylops is very difficult because Medicines can be hardly applied by reason of the nearness of the Eye and because by reason of the softness of the Parts it easily degenerates into a Sinous Ulcer But is yet more difficult to Cure if the Abscess pass through the Nostrils and Matter flow through them because the Bones that are under are most commonly fouled thereby But sometimes an Oegylops is of the Nature of a Cancer which may be known by the pricking pain the swelling of the Veins and the hardness and livid Colour of the Skin and then it is better not to meddle with it for Medicines make it worse and increase the Pain A new Fistula Lachrimalis which hath an outward and plain Orifice is cured by Medicines but that which is deep and inveterate and joined with a Caries of the Bone can scarce be cured without a Cautery The various Seasons of this Disease require different Applications and Remedies and first at the beginning of an Oegylops Revulsion of the Fluxion to the Part must be made by Bleeding and Purging and at the same time repelling Medicines must be applied to the Forehead whereby sometimes the Progress of the Disease is stopp'd and the suppuration hindred To which end the following Cerate may be applied Take of Pomgranate Peel of Acacia Balaustins Cyperus Nuts Roch Allum and Bole Armoniack each one Dram of white Wax four ounces of Turpentine three drams make a Cerate Having used this or the like resolving Medicines are to be applied to the Part for some time as is the following Decoction Take of pure Honey and of Aloes each two ounces of Myrrh one ounce of Saffron one dram and an half of Water a quart boil them with a gentle Fire to the Consumption of half dip a piece of soft Spunge press it a little and apply it hot afterwards bind it on and change it often If the Tumor cannot be dissolved by the foresaid Remedies but tends to Suppuration it must be helped by a Plaister of simple Diachylon or if the Pain and Inflammation be violent a Cataplasm of Crums of Bread may be conveniently applied If the Abscess does not break of its own accord it must be presently opened for otherwise the Matter will corrode the neighbouring Parts and occasion an incurable Fistula The Abscess being opened the Ulcer must be cleansed and cured after the manner of other Ulcers But if it prove obstinate and turn to a Fistula the following Method of Cure must be used And first universal Evacuations as Bleeding and Purging are to be repeated The Fluxion from the Head is to be averted by Cupping-glasses Blisters and Causticks applied to proper Places after which a Decoction of China or Sarsa may be used for a considerable time In the mean time the Brain is to be dried by Suffumigations Cephalick Powders and other Medicines proposed in the Chapter of a Catarrh In place of an Issue a Seton may be put in the Neck by which alone a Fistula Lachrimalis was cured according to the Relation of Fabritius Hildanus In using of Topicks the Orifice of the Ulcer is to be opened and dilated slowly and by degrees by a Tent made of the Pith of Elder prepared Spunge or the Root of Gentian The Ulcer being sufficiently opened the following Medicines may be used Take of common Hony two ounces Verdigrease one dram Water of Rue four ounces the Verdigrease being powdered boil them altogether to the Consumption of the third part The strained Liquor warm may be put into the Eye by a Syringe solftly This Remedy is to be continued for three Weeks putting upon the Ulcer a convenient Plaister and defending the Eye by washing it with Rose-water The Ulcer being sufficiently cleansed the following Collyrium may be used to Incarnate and Cicatrize Take of Frankincense Sarcocol Aloes Dragons Blood Balaustins Allum Antimony each one dram Verdigrease five grains powder them all finely and with a sufficient quantity of Rue-water make a liquid Collyrium to be drop'd into the Eye thrice a day and also the Tent may be dipp'd in it and after it is put in the Ulcer a Plaister of Diapalma may be put over it If there be a Caries in the Bone it can only be cured by an actual Cautery the manner of applying it is exactly described by Paraeus Fallopius and Aquapendens CHAP. XXIX Of Rhyas and Encanthis TO a Fistula Lachrimalis ordinarily succeeds another Distemper which is called Rhyas which is the Consumption of the Caruncle of the greater Angle of the Eye whereby it becomes larger It is also produced by other Causes as by sharp Humours falling upon and corroding the Part or by cleansing Medicines which are used to Cure the Fistula Lachrimalis To a Rhyas is opposed an Encanthis which is the immoderate growing and standing out of the above-named Caruncle which is occasion'd by the too great abundance of Blood falling upon the Part or from an Ulcer of that Part not timely dried up A Rhyas is cured by Consolidating and Sarcotick Medicines such are the following Take of Red Roses one pugil Cyperus Nuts Myrtles each two drams Aloes a dram and an half rough Wine one pint boil them to the Consumption of the fourth part Wash the affected Part with this Wine often Or Take of Aloes Frankincense each one dram Dragons Blood half a dram of Red Roses and berries of Sumach each one scruple Rosewater a pound boil them to the Consumption of a fourth part make it in the form of a Collyrium An Encanthis is cured by taking away the superfluous Flesh that grows in the Corner of the Eye which is performed by Medicines which eat away proud Flesh beginning with the more moderate and proceeding to those that are more powerful Therefore burnt Allum is to be first applied and if that be not effectual Vnguentum Apostolorum Aegyptiacum or Vitriol burnt is to be used But if these be not sufficient the Caruncle is to be cut off or consumed with an actual Cautery In taking off the Canruncle care must be taken
that it be not altogether taken away lest the contrary Distemper viz. a Rhyas be produced CHAP. XXX Of an Epiphora BY the Name of an Epiphora in general a flux of Humours into any part whatsoever is understood Nevertheless it is most commonly taken for the flux of a thin Humour from the Eyes which is also called involuntary Tears which use to flow from the Corners of the Eyes continually To the Production of these Tears which preternaturally flow from the Eyes the ill disposition both of the part sending and the part receiving do concurr The part which sends is the Brain which being affected with a cold or hot Intemperies generates watery Humours and sends them to the inferior Parts which are fit to receive them The recipient Part is the gland by the greater Corner of the Eye and the Caruncle placed above the same Corner The thinness or thickness of which Parts or any other weakness is the Cause why they so easily receive the Humouts that flow into them This Humour is carried from the Brain into the Corners of the Eyes sometimes by the internal Veins and sometimes by the external The Humour causing an Epiphora is sometimes cold and then it produces no other Inconvenience to the Sick but the troublesomness of the Fluxion But sometimes it is accompanied with Saltness and Sharpness and then it produces Pain Redness and also the Exulceration of the Eye-lids As to the Prognostick A new Epiphora occasioned by external Causes is easily cured especially in those that are Young When it is of long continuance and in an old Person it is very hard to be cured That which proceeds from other Distempers as from an Oegylops Fistula Lachrimalis and the like altogether depends upon the Cure of those Diseases The Cure of this Disease consists in taking away of the Fluxion and in strengthening the recipient Part. The Fluxion is to be removed by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation of the Peccant Humour and the strengthening of the Part from which it is transmitted The Peccant or Serous Humour abounding in the Brain is evacuated by Bleeding and Purging Bleeding in a cold Intemperies of the Brain is not proper unless there appears manifest Signs of a Plethora But in a hot Intemperies when the Humours are sharp Bleeding is very proper and may be repeated twice or thrice if it be needful Such Purging Medicines must be used as agree with the Nature of the Patient Revulsion of the Humour must be made by Cupping-Glasses applied to the Shoulders often by Blisters frequently applied to the Neck or by Issues in the hinder Part of the Head or in the Arms. Forestus says when the Disease is obstinate a Blister applied to the forepart of the Head does much good For Derivation Leeches applied behind the Ears are proper and Masticatories used in a Morning And least the Humours once evacuated should be generated again the Brain must be strengthened and dried and if it be of a cold Intemperies such things must be used as are proper to correct it if of a hot such coolling Medicines must be used as peculiarly respect the Head And whilst the foresaid Remedies are in use Topical Remedies must be applied to the Part receiving and first if the Humour flows by the external Veins astringents must be applied to the Forehead and Temples and if the Fluxion proceed from an hot an acrid Humour the following Cataplasm must be applied Take of Bole Armenic Dragons Blood Balaustines and of Myrtles each one dram and an half of Acacia and Hypocistis each one dram of Frankincense and Mastich each two scruples of red Roses one pugil pouder them and mix them with the white of an Egg and a little Vinegar make a Cataplasm wrap it in a Rag and apply it to the foresaid Parts and when 't is dry renew it If it be occasioned by a cold Humour the following Cerate must be applied Take of Frankincense and Mastick each one dram and an half of Gum Anime Tacamahacca and Blood-stone each one dram of Gum Juniper two scruples of Turpentine and Wax a sufficient quantity make a Cerate But to the part affected astringent and drying Collyria must be applied made in the following manner Take of Tutty prepared one dram of Sarcocol moistned half a dram of Frankincense and Mastich each half a scruple of Spikenard grains six make Troches mix them with the White of an Egg and Juice of Quinces and apply them to the Corner of the Eye Or Take of Aloes Cypress Nuts Frankincense Mastich Myrrh each two drams of prepared Tutty Sarcocol moistned each one dram and an half of Dragons Blood Barberries Summach Red Roses each one scruple powder them finely and mix them with Fennel-water and make a Collyrium When the Fluxion is hot the following is best Take of white Troches of Rhasis without Opium of Sarcocol moistned of Acacia and Olibanum each one dram of the Stones of Myrobalans burn'd of white and red Coral each half a dram of Pearls half a scruple of the Juice of Pomgranates boil'd half away a sufficient quantity Make a Collyrium If redness of the Eyes accompanies an Epiphora the following is proper Take of grains of Sumach bruised one scruple of Plantane-water one ounce infuse them for some time then press then out hard and add of rose-Rose-water and Eye-bright-water and of the White of an Egg well beaten each half an ounce of Sugar-Candy finely powder'd one scruple Make a Collyrium CHAP. XXXI Of the Disease of the Eye called Unguis Oculorum IT is a hard and nervous Membrane that arises from the greater Angle of the Eye it first covers the White of the Eye and then the Black and the whole Pupil and so it hinders Sight Sometimes it is thin and white and sometimes fleshy and consists of many bloody Veins This Disease arises from an Ulcer of the Flesh in the Angle of the Eye upon which account an inequality arises in the part which in time grows to this covering It is difficultly cured for the sharp Medicines that are necessary for taking it off must be used leasurely and by degrees by reason of the exquisite Sense of the Eye When it is of a moderate bigness it may be cured by Medicines but when it hath extended it self to the Black of the Eye and is become inverate it can be cured only by manual Operation When it is thick and hard and of a blackish Colour it is of a Cancerous Nature and can never be cured The Cure must be directed to the antecedent and conjunct Cause With respect to the antecedent Cause such course of Diet must be ordered as hath been propos'd for other Diseases of the Eyes arising from Fluxion Evacuations and Revulsions are also to be used and after sufficient Evacuation such Topicks are to be applied as may consume it beginning with those that are gentle such as are prescribed for taking off Spots but if they are not sufficient stronger must be used Forestus
fitted for the purpose But if this does not succeed you must endeavour to break them and afterwards wash them out and to this purpose a Probe with Cotton on the end of it and dipp'd in Turpentine or the like is put into the Ear to clear the Passage and if any of the clammy Matter remains behind it may be cleared by an Ear-Picker Some cut a Quill and put one end into the Ear and endeavour to suck out what is in it Animals are allur'd out of the Ear by putting such things to it as are pleasing to them as a Spunge dipp'd in Milk and Sugar or the Pulp of a sweet Apple or Lard wherewith little Worms are much pleased and soon come out of the Ear if it be turned to the Sun If a Leecâ— happen to get into the Ears it may be enticed out by putting Blood to the Ear Gnats may be drawn out by putting Dogs Hairs into the Ears but if you cann't get them out alive 't is best to kill them because then they will not disturb the Ear so much and may be easier drawn out they may be kill'd by dropping Spittle or Urine into the Ear. But bitter things kill them soonest as the Juice of Wormwood a Decoction of Aloes or any Gauls sharp things do also the same as Vinegar the Juice of Onions and the like But because a cold Intemperies is the most frequent cause of Deafness rhe Cure must be chiefly directed to the amendment of it wherefore an attenuating drying and moderately heating course of Diet being ordered as is prescribed for the Gutta Serena and Southerly Winds being avoided as much as possible and the Ears defended from them Vaporous Aliments must be avoided especially Garlick and Onions which are very injurious to the Hearing and also those that generate gross and flegmatick Humours these things I say being first observed general Evacuation must be entered upon by Head Purges Bleeding must be also used if there be an indication for it and if the Disease be obstinate a Sudorifick Diet afterwards particular Remedies that cause a Revulsion of the Humours as Blisters Issues Sneesing Powders Masticatories Apophlegmatisms but especially Masticatories But Sulphureous and Bitumenous Baths are peculiarly proper for the Cure of this Disease the Body being bathed and the Head washed with them afterwards topical Remedies are to be applied to discuss the Matter in the Ear. Take of the Leaves of wild Marjoram Wormwood Penny-royal wild Thym Sage Mint the lesser Centaury Mallows Marsh-mallows each one handful of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Stechas and Rosemary each one pugil of Cinnamon and Cloves each half an ounce boil them in equal parts of fountain-Fountain-water and White Wine added towards the end Strain it and foment the Ear with it hot with a Spunge Morning and Evening and the Vapour of the Decoction may be received into the Ear through a Tunel It certainly does much good by passing into the innermost Parts of the Ear. Instead of the Fomentation Bread made up with Carraway-seeds cut and applied hot from the Oven may be used or common Bread just taken out of the Oven the under Crust being cut off dipp'd in Spirit of Wine and applied as hot to the Ear as can be born is also of good use But the Bread will be more effectual if with the common Flower the Seeds of Carraways Juniperberries Bayberries and Nutmegs are mixed with it If you 'll have a stronger Decoction you may add of the Pulp of Coloquintida or of the Roots of white Hellebore each one dram After fomentation some Liquor must be instilled into the Ear and afterwards you may stop it with Cotton perfum'd with Musk. Take of Oil of bitter Almonds and of Rue each one ounce mingle them and pour it hot into the Ear. Or Take of Oil of Castor and white Lillies each one ounce of Oil of Dill half an ounce of white Hellebore half a dram of Aqua Vitae one ounce boil them in a Bath till all the Aqua Vitae is evaporated Strain it for the use above-mentioned Chymical Oils are are very effectual as of Marjoram Rosemary Sage Fennel Spike Cloves but because they are very strong they must not be used alone but they are to be mixed in a small quantity with the foregoing Oils half a dram of them may be sufficient to be mixed with two ounces of the foresaid Oils The Water that drops out of an Ash-stick when it is burning is much commended for Deafness when it proceeds from a hot Cause The Fat of an Eel is much in use it is gathered from the Water wherein a Fat Eel is boil'd being Scum'd off with a Bay-leas and dropp'd hot into the Ear. In applying topical Remedies this must be always observed viz. that they are applied warm or hot and what hath been used before must be taken out of the Ear before other things are dropp'd in and when any thing has been dropp'd in the Ear must be stopp'd with Cotton perfum'd with Musk which of it self is very good for Deafness CHAP. XXXIII Of Noise in the Ears THE Sense of Hearing is obstructed by a Noise in the Ears for as the Eye ought to be void of Colour that it may rightly perceive all the Colours of Objects For if it be preternaturally affected with any Colour as in the Jaundice the Sight must be necessarily depraved so the Ear should have no sound in it that it be able to receive all Sounds that come from abroad for if any Sound is preternaturally in the Ear it hinders Hearing This Noise in the Ear proceeds from a preternatural Commotion of the inbred Air for though this inbred Air moves naturally yet no noise is heard from its Motion unless we stop the Ear with the hand or with some such thing The Causes of this extraordinary Motion are Vapours Wind or Spirits transmitted to the Ear from other Parts or bred in it if it be brought from other Parts it proceeds either from the whole Body or some peculiar Part. It flows from the whole Body in Fevers and this Sound in the Ear comes from a windy Spirit conveyed through the Arteries from the whole Body to the Ears But it most frequently happens at the beginning of Fits and just before a Crisis by a Bleeding at the Nose Wind is also elevated to the Ears from some peculiar Part viz. from the Stomach Liver Spleen Mesentery Womb and from some other Parts upon which account inviolent Vomiting Hypochondriack Melancholy and Mother-Fits there is frequently a Noise in the Ears It is also occasioned by windy Spirits flowing from the Head that arise from Cold and Flegmatick Humours Wind is also generated in the Ear by Flegmatick Matter contain'd there Upon which account difficulty of Hearing is commonly accompanied with a Noise in the Ear for the Obstruction is occasioned by Humours Other Causes occasioning this Noise in the Ears are Ulcers a hot Intemperies Weakness exquisite Sense a violent shaking in the Head and
from a hot Intemperies with a Fluxion oâ— Cholerick Humours first the Humout flowing to thâ— Part must be drawn away by Bleeding whereby also thâ— hot Intemperies of the whole Body may be moderated afterwards the peccant Humour must be evacuated by proper Purgers and afterwards cooling Juleps and Brothâ— Goats Milk Mineral Waters Baths of warm Water and the like must be used and lastly all those things are to be used which are proposed for the Cure of a Head-ach proceeding from a hot Intemperies But the Pain must be asswaged by cooling and anodyn Topicks For the Cure of an Inflammation of the Ear an emollient cooling and loosning Clister must be injected and so much Blood must be taken away as may answer to the fulness of it and to make a sufficient Revulsion of the Humour flowing to the affected Ear the Cephalick Vein opposite to it must be opened and a great quantity of Blood must be taken away at several times and if the Disease seem to arise from a Suppression of the Courses or of the Hemorrhoids the inferior Veins must be opened a good quantity of Blood being first taken from the Arm. And if those Causes are absent the opening of the inferior Veins will make an excellent Revulsion to the most distant Parts to which end Leeches applied to the Anus are also proper Revulsions may be also commodiously made by Frictions and Ligatures of the Arms and Legs and by Cupping-glasses applied to the Shoulders and Back And sometimes Cupping-glasses applied behind the Ears for to make Derivation do much good Zacutus Lusitanus also commends Leeches applied behind the Ears four of a side which he says gave much relief to a certain young Man who was afflicted with a violent Inflammation of the Ear The opening of the Artery of the Temples has also sometimes admirable Success Purging is also very proper in this Disease with Cholagoges afterwards the whole Mass of the Humours is to be attemperated with cooling Juleps made of a Decoction of Lettice Purslain Plantane Sorrel and the like also of the Syrups of Lemons Pomegranates and of red Poppies In the mean time whilst the foresaid Remedies are used Topicks are to be continually applied which must be always anodyn by reason of the Violence of the Pain the Mitigation whereof is principally to be taken care of but at the beginning and increase gentle Repellents are to be mixed with the anodyns at the State and Declination Resolvents are to be mixed with them Take of Womans Milk fresh drawn two ounces of the white of an Egg beat to a Liquor half an ounce mix them and drop it warm into the Ear. Or the Milk alone milk'd into the Ear. Take of the leaves of Plantane and Night-shade each one handful of the flowers of Camomil and Melilot each one Pugil make a Decoction let the Vapour be received into the Ear by a Tunnel Take of Oyls of Violets Water-Lillies and Roses each one Ounce mingle them drop it warm into the Ear. Millepedes infused in the foresaid Oyles and press'd out make an excellent Anodyn for they have an excellent Faculty to ease Pain and for that reason they are used for Pains of the Teeth the Piles and other Pains If the Heat is very violent cooling Juices are to be mixed with the foresaid Oyls in the following manner Take of Oyl of Water-Lillies and Oyl of Roses each one ounce of the Juice of Night-shade and Plantane each half an ounce mingle them and drop it into the Ear. Oxyrrhodinum is used by many Practitioners made of Oyl of Roses two parts and one part of Vinegar but it may be suspected as may be also all other things which repel powerfully for there is danger least the Humour should flow back upon the Brain and it is a general Precept always to be observed not to apply strong Repellents in Inflammations that are near noble parts but gentle Repellents may be mixed with Loosening and Anodyn things for so the Fluxion may be moderately suppressed and not driven far back But in violent Pains we are forced to use Narcoticks but they must be used rarely and with great caution for they are offensive to the Head I know a Person says Galen who lost his Speech and Sense by the use of Opium nor could he be restored by any Medicines But if there be absolute Necessity they may be prescribed in the following manner Take of the Oyl of the Seeds of Poppies one ounce and an half of Camphor and Opium each two grains mingle them and drop them into the Ear. Or Take of Oyl of Sweet-Almonds two ounces of the Juice of Mallows half an ounce of Myrrh half a dram of Saffron half a scruple of Opium three or four grains mingle them use it as above In the Application of Topicks the Precept of Galen must be carefully observed viz. That the inflamed Ear be not touched but Medicines must be dropt into the Ear by a Probe wrapt round with the softest Wool dipt in the Medicines and the Sick must be ask'd whether it be warm and whether he can bear it any hotter and you must drop it in as hot as he can bear it the Probe must be dipt in the Medicine and applied gently to the passage of the Ear that it may flow into it you must continue doing of it till the passage is full and then apply over it to the mouth of the passage and over all the Ear Wool dipt in the Medicine At the state of the Disease Oyls gently resolving are to be mixed with Anodyns in the following manner Take of the Oyls of Camomil Sweet-Almonds and Violets each one ounce Oyl of Lillies half an ounce mix them But Fomentations and Fumes resolve more powerfully which may be prepared of the following Decoction Take of roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the leaves of Mallows Nightshade and St. Johns Wort each an handful of the Seeds of Flax half an ounce of the Seeds of Mallows Marsh-mallows white Poppies each two drams of the flowers of Camomil Dill and Roses each one Pugil make a Decoction in Water or Milk for a Fomentation or Fume The Water drawn from Ash-sticks being dropt into the Ear eases the pain wonderfully it is drawn by burning green sticks in the Fire it drops from the ends of them If the Tumor cannot be resolved but tends to Suppuration which may be known by the increase of the pain a great Pulsation and a violent Feaver Nature must be furthered in her Motion and the following Cataplasm must be applied Take of Crums of white Bread one pound boil them in Milk to the consistence of a Poultis then add the yolks of Eggs number two of Oyl of Roses two ounces of Saffron one scruple make a Cataplasm Or Take one Onyon fresh Butter two Ounces Oyl of Camomil and Roses each one ounce of Saffron one scruple make a Cataplasm which must be applied moderately hot to the part When the Abscess is broken and the
Matter comes out through the Membrane of the Ear either rarified or corroded then the Sick should lye on the Ear affected that the Matter may flow out easily and such things should be dropt into the Ear as may wash and cleanse it Take of the Decoction of Barly four ounces of Honey of Roses one ounce mingle them drop it warm into the Ear. If the Ulcer be generated by Acrimony of Matter it requires a peculiar Cure which may also be used for an Ulcer arising from Fluxion of Humours And first according to the Opinion of Galen Topical Medicines must not be applied to any Member before the whole Body is purged wherefore Evacuation by Bleeding and Purging being administred agreeable to the Nature and Constitution of the Patient and repeated through the whole course of the Cure as often as there is occasion drying and astringent Topicks may be used beginning with the Mild and proceeding to Stronger by degrees For instance Take of the best Honey and of old White-wine each three ounces boil them till all the Scum rises drop it into the Ear afterwards stop the Ear with Cotton dipt in the same Liquor when you would have the Medicine stronger mix the Juice of Horehound Smallage Wormwood the lesser Centaury or of Sow-bread with Honey boil them gently and drop them into the Ear. Or Take of the Juice of Beets one ounce of Horehonnd half 〈◊〉 ounce of the best Honey six drams boil them a little afterwards add two drams of Syrup of Wormwood mingle them You may make a stronger Medicine in the following manner Take of the Juice of Sow-bread one ounce of Myrrh on◠ounce of Saffron half a scruple of Frankincense one scruple of Verdigrease half a scruple of old Wine one ounce an◠an half boil them till the Wine is consumed drop th◠Liquor into the Ear twice or thrice a day Note Before any Liquor is dropt in the Ear must be well cleansed with warm Hydromel a Probe wrap◠round with a Cotton being dipt in the Liquor and used for that purpose The Ulcer being well cleansed it must be cicatrized by Epulotick Medicines used in the following manner Take of round Birthwort of the bark of Pomegranates and of Galls each half an ounce boil them in equal parts of Wine and smith's-Smith's-water to half a pint strain it and add to it of the Juice of Plantane and Knot-grass each one ounce of Honey of Roses two drams mingle them and drop it into the Ear or drop into the Ear burnt Allum mixed with the Wine for it is very drying If the Ulcer be very obstinate and has continued a long while it is certainly promoted by Fluxion which therefore you must endeavour to remove by Purging and a Diet-drink of Gujacum or Sarsaparilla by Errhins Masticatories Issues and by other Remedies that divert the Fluxion If Pain arise by reason of the Sharpness of the Remedies Oyl of Sweet or Bitter Almonds with Myrrh Aloes and Saffron must be dropt into the Ear If the Pain be violent a little Opium must be mixed with them or the Oyl of the Yolks of Eggs beat in a leaden Mortar may be used If the Ulcer be very Sordid Aegyptiacum must be mixed with the foresaid Juices If the Pain of the Ear be occasioned by something thrust into the Ear you must endeavour to draw it out by wrapping Wool upon a Probe dipt in Turpentine or made glutinous by Rosin or some other Gum But if this will not do warm Oyl must be often dropt into the Ear to relax it and to Lubricate the Matter contained in it and so it may the easier be drawn out and Sneesing-powder must be given and these things must be used continually till the Sick is freed for if any thing remain long in the Ear an Inflammation will arise and afterwards it will be much more difficult to extract any thing from the Ear and there will be besides great danger Lastly If the foresaid Remedies are not sufficient Chirurgical Instruments must be used See the manner of Extraction in Fabritius Hildanus Cen. I. Observ 4 5 6. Gnats sometimes insinuate themselves into the Ears and moving in the Cavity of it they cause much Trouble but they may be extracted by a Probe wrapped round with Cotten and dipt in Turpentine Sometimes water runs into the Ear in swimming or when the Head is wash'd and is often very troublesom and causes Pain but is most commonly easily shook our by hopping upon the Leg of the same side and by holding the Ear downwards But if this will not do you must endeavour to suck it out with a Pipe wrapt round with Wool to stop the hole of the Ear that the external Air should not enter in It is also dried by a small soft piece of Spunge often put in CHAP. XXXV Of things that come out Preternaturally from the Cavities of the Ears MAny Things come out preternaturally from the Ears which must be particularly mentioned and peculiar Remedies must be prescribed for them First therefore an Abscess being broken arising from an Inflammation or from an Ulcer proceeding from the Acrimony of Humours Matter or Sanies is wont to flow the Cure of which depends on the Cure of the forementioned Diseases which are proposed in the foregoing Chapter Blood also sometimes flows from the Ears as in Wounds and Concussions of the Head whereby the Veins of the Ears may be broken or torn But if this Flux be moderate it must be left to it self for if it should be retained within it might cause an Inflammation but if it be immoderate or continue a long while it must be restrained by bleeding in the Arm and by applying Cupping-glasses with Scarification to the Shoulders afterwards cooling and astringent things must be dropt into the Ears as the Juice of Plantane Knot-grass or the Decoction of Bramble-tops red Roses Mastich Acacia Hyposistis Balaustins Sumach and the like in Wine and Vinegar or Smiths Water A watry Humour sometimes flows from the Brain to the Ears this most commonly happens to Children and ought not to be stop'd for being suddenly stop'd it occasions the Falling-sickness or some other great Disease of the Head For Nature puts off Excrements and the too great Moisture that abounds in Childrens Heads not only by the ordinary ways appointed for this use viz. The Nostrils and Pallate but also through the Eyes the Ears and the Superficies of the Head where Ulcers and Scabs often happen But when such an Evacuation is Symptomatick and when the Humour flowing to the Ears causes Ulcers in them and hinders the Hearing you must endeavour to cure it by a convenient Method And First the Superfluous Humours in the Brain must be evacuated by gentle Purges often repeated and also by Derivation by Blisters in the Neck and an Issue there afterwards the Ears must be cleansed and dried by the following Medicine Take of the Juice of Agrimony and Worm-wood each four Ounces of Whitewine and Honey of
Roses each one Ounce boil them a little and drop them into the Ear the Filth being cleansed away afterwards the Ears must be stopped with Cotton dipt in the same Liquor But if a watry Humour flows from the Ears of grown People and continues so a long while the whole Body and the Brain must be evacuated afterwards the superfluous Moisture must be dried up by Sudorifick Diet-drinks and the Course of it must be endeavoured to be turned by Blisters Issues and Cupping-glasses Lastly Worms are sometimes generated in the Ears from putrid Ulcers which being cured they cease to come out But Because the healing of the Ulcer requires Time you may endeavour to kill the Worms in the mean while by convenient Remedies For Instance Take of the Oyl of bitter Almonds of the Juice of Smallage and the lesser Centaury each two Ounces of Vinegar two Drams boil them a little then add of Mirrh and Aloes each one Scruple mingle them and drop it into the Ear. If you would have it stronger add ten Grains of Coloquintida Of Diseases of the NOSE CHAP. XXXVI Of Vlcers of the Nostrils and of an Ozaena AN Ulcer of the Nostrils is either fresh and simple or old and putrid which is called an Ozaena The fresh and simple proceeds either from extetnal Causes as a Wound or Contusion or from internal viz. From Acrimony of Humours flowing thither espeally from Salt Flegm But an Ozaena comes from a simple Ulcer neglected or by reason of greater Acrimony of Humours A simple Ulcer hath little or no Pain and Blood flows frequently from it especially when it is touched or rubd or it is covered with a dry and black Scab which is sometimes blown out but an Ozaena is accompanied with a greater Pain the Scab is more filthy and the Snot stinks and it often eats the Back Bones and perforates the Pallat especially if it be of a cancerous Nature or from the French Pox or an Elephantiasis As to the Cure such a Course of Diet must be ordered as may attemperate the Acrimony of the Humours and hinder its Generation afterwards the whole Body must be evacuated by Bleeding and proper Purges and Cuping-glasses must be applyed with Scarification And if the Fluxion of sharp Humours to the Nostrils be very obstinate Derivation must be made by Blisters in the Neck and Issues there and things that strengthen the Head must be used After universal Remedies Topicks must be applyed and first you must see whither the Ulcers are crusty if they are the Scabs must be taken off before you go any farther and first you must foment them with warm Water or anoint them with fresh Butter with fresh Goose or Hens Grease or with rhe Oyl of sweet Almonds or the like When you have mollified them they must not be forcibly pulled off but you must suffer them to fall themselves or gently remove them with your Finger anointed with Oyl of Almonds When the Scabs are cleared you must use drying and astringent Medicines in a simple Ulcer it may be sufficient to wash it with Barly-water sweetned with Honey of Roses and to anoint it with Oyntment of Tutty or with the white Oyntment of Rhasis or with the Oyl of the Yolks of Eggs rub'd in a leaden Mortar But for an Ozaena you must prepare the following Medicines Take of whole Barley one Pugil of the Leaves of Agrimony Plantane Wormwood and the lesser Centaury one Handful of red Roses half a Pugil boil them in Smiths Water in the Liquor strained dissolve four Ounces of Honey of Roses make an Errhine which must be often snuffed up After it hath been cleansed the following Decoction must be used Take of Balaustins and Pomegranate-peel each two Ounces of the Leaves of Plantane Horse-tail Mouse-ear Rupture-wort each one Handful of the Roots of Bistort one Ounce of Crude-alum one Ounce and an half make a Decoction The Water of Allum is also very good and also those Medicines which are to be proposed to dry a Polypus in the following Chapter Egyptiacum also dissolved in Barly-water is good Afterwards use the following Oyntment Take of Omphacine Oyl half an Ounce of Pomegranate-Bark and Balaustines each three Drams of Mirrh Allum and Labdanum each two Drams of Chalcitis Aloes and the Bark of Frankincense each one Dram of the Oyl of Roses and Mirtles each two Ounces of red Wax a sufficient Quantity to make an Oyntment apply it to the Vlcer or dissolve it in Wine or plantane-Plantane-water snuff it up often the Mouth being filled with Water When the Ulcer is well cleansed you must dry it with the Powder of red Roses snuft up Rondeletius says that nothing is so effectual to dry the Ulcers as Fumes of Orpiment and Cinnabar As for Instance Take of Pure Labdanum of Hypocistis Mastich and Mirrh each three Drams red Storax and Storax calamit of the Bark of Frankincense Sandarach and Orpiment each two Drams mix them all with Turpentine and make Troches wherewith let the Sick be fumed Morning and Evening in his Chamber It is also of great Use to burn Candles made of red Wax in the Patient's Chamber which ought to be small and the Windows and Doors must be kept close shut And this Way says Rondeletius I have cured Ulcers which the Italian and French Physicians left off as incurable CHAP. XXXVII Of a Sarcoma and Polypus UPon Ulcers of the Nose comes sometimes fleshy Excrescences which constitute another Kind of Disease viz. A preternatural Tumour whereof there are two Sorts one a Sarcoma and the other a Polypus A Sarcoma is a fleshy Excrescence in the Nose which has no certain Shape and is much like proud Flesh in other Ulcers But a Polypus is a fleshy Excrescence arising with small Roots and afterwards spreads broad and hangs down in the Nose and resembles the Fish Polypus from whence it takes its Name It is a soft Caruncle sometimes white sometimes red and sometimes livid and if it grow much it sometimes hangs out of the Nostrils But if it be rooted high in the Nose it sometimes hangs down to the Pallat and obstructs the common Passage of the Mouth and it may be plainly seen behind the Uva It swells much in a southerly Constitution and at full Moon and is much diminished at the new Moon It may be distinguished from a Sarcoma because a Sarcoma is wont to grow at the Bottom of the Nostrils but a Polypus near the Root of the Nose The Cause of both Tumours is a thick viscid and flegmatick Humour flowing from the Brain mixed with some Blood and sometimes a melancholly Humour is mixed with it and then there is Danger lest it degenerate into a Cancer A Sarcoma is also generated often from a superfluous Nutriment of the Nostrils A Sarcoma is most commonly easily cured but a Polypus very difficultly But that which is soft and white or red or redish is cured most easily but when it is hard and livid it
that it cannot move readily also too much Dryness hinders Speech which happens in Feavers but Organick Diseases are magnitude increased as was said before of Tumours which hinders the free Motion of the Tongue the Figure of it faulty as when the Tongue is naturally too short or when the Top of it is cut off or when the Bridle is too strait and an Obstruction of the Nerves of the seventh Pair which are brought to the Muscles that move the Tongue Lastly Common Diseases are a Solution of the Continuum and Wounds of the Part. Too great a Moisture of the Tongue causes Stammering and such so affected cannot pronounce the Letter R and it is either native as in Children who by reason of too great Moisture are troubled with it and are freed from it in Progress of Time whereby the Superfluous Moisture is consumed But in some it remains all their Life long and they always Stammer But in some Stammering is accedental and comes from a Catarrh and from a great Fluxion of a Flegmatick Humour falling upon the Jaws or Tongue and is cured by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation and by strengthning and drying the Head The Cure of a Palsie of the Tongue is performed by taking off the antecedent Cause viz. The Humour abounding in the Brain and by discussing the Conjunct Cause viz. the Humour thrust into the Nerves moving the Tongue And first Purging must be ordered and Bleeding must be used if Blood abound and such a Quantity must be taken away as is agreeable to the Age and Strength of the Patient afterwards Cephalick things must be used and if the Diseases be obstinate a Sudorifick Diet-drink After universal Evacuations Derivation of the Morbifick Matter must be made by Cupping-glasses and Blisters applied to the Neck and by an Issue in the hinder part of the Head Avicen applies a Cupping-glass to the Chin which is also approved of by late Authors Bleeding under the Tongue is also used successfully after general Evacuations and to discuss the Humour the following Gargarism is frequently used Take of the Roots of Florentine-orris half an ounce of the Leaves of wild Marjoram Sage Staechas Rosemary each half an handful of Cubebs three drams of Liquorish one ounce boil them in equal Parts of Water and Whitewine added towards the end to one Pint strain it and dissolve in it two ounces of Oxymel of Squils mlke a Gargarism But if it be not strong enough to do the business two or three drams of the Roots of Pellitory of Spain or the like quantity of Mustard-seed may be added to it Castor also may be added if it be not too unpleasing The Juice of Sage is much commended the Tongue being rub'd with it you may also add Mustard-seed to it The following Pills may be also held frequently upon the Tongue Take of the Juice of Bettony and Liquorish each one dram and an half of Castor and Assa-faetida each half a dram of Nutmeg and Spicknard each one scruple make them up into small Pills with Honey Fumes and Powders sprinkled into the Hair and the like must be used to strengthen the Brain and to discuss the Relicts of the Flegmatick Humour And lastly To hinder the Growth of new Matter which the Intemperies of the Brain is wont to cause after general and particular Evacuations things that strengthen the Head must be used Of Diseases of the Gums Teeth Jaws Uvula and Larynx CHAP. XLVII Of Pains of the Teeth THe Pain of the Teeth is occasioned by the Influx of Humours which are either Cold Flegmatick Hot Serous Salt or Acrid Worms also bred in rotten Teeth occasions Pain and some think that the Pain proceeds sometimes from Wind. The External and Procatarctick Causes occasioning Pain in the Teeth are all those things which promote Fluxion of Humours the chief whereof are cold Air or Southerly Winds standing long in the Heat of the Sun or abroad in the Night surfetting and all Errors in Diet. To these add Rottenness of the Teeth which weakens them and renders them more apt to receive Fluxions The Diversity of the Causes may be known by various Signs when the Pain arises from hot Humours it is very violent the Constitution hot the Age flourishing it is Summer there is great Heat in the Part and often an Inflammation of the Gums cooling Medicines give Ease hot increase the Pain But if the Pain arise from cold Humours Signs contrary to these appear If Worms are the Cause the Pain is by Intervals and the Motion of the Worm is sometimes perceived in the Part. Pain is likewise produced by a Flatuous Spirit which appears by the vehemency and tearing Pain which is felt in the Part and which goes off in a little time and is easily cured by applying discutient Remedies to the place The Prognostick is various according to the Variety of the Causes A Pain which is occasioned by a hot thin or sharp acrid and salt Humour is the more vehement indeed but sooner goes off by reason of the sudden Changes of the Humours that which proceeds from a cold and Flegmatick Humour is more gentle but of longer Duration A Tumour arising in the Gums or Jaws eases the Pain of the Teeth by reason that the Fluxion is carried to the exterior Parts so that it falls no more upon the Cavity of the Teeth As to the Cure the Cause of the Pain must be taken away and the Pain it self mitigated And although Anodyns have no great Effect unless the Fluxion be taken off yet it is often so violent that it must not only be mitigated with Anodyns properly so called but also with Narcoticks before the Cause be removed Therefore the Humour which flows to the Teeth must be drawn back evacuated and repelled that which is already flown in must be discussed and carried off by Derivation First therefore If the Pain arise from hot Humours Bleeding must be used in the Arm of the same Side whereby a Revulsion of the Humour may be made but if the Pain proceeds from cold Humours Bleeding is not so proper but by reason of the Fluxion it may be used because it principally makes Revulsion but a small quantity of Blood must be taken away unless the Signs of a Plethora appear for in that case large Bleeding may be allowed which is the best means to ease the Pain in the Teeth and all other Pains The next Day some purging Medicine must be given that is proper for the peccant Humour afterwards if the Pain continues Cupping-glasses with Scarification must be applied to the Shoulders or a large Cupping-glass without Scarification a Blister may be applied to the Neck or behind the Ears for it draws powerfully the Humours backward And to stop the Flux Astringents are properly applied to the Temples such are the Plaisters of Gum-elemi of Mastich alone or ad Herniam The fresh Roots of Comfrey bruised and applied to the Temples are excellent for stopping of Fluxion also the Powder
of Allum and Galls made into a Plaister with Pitch are very effectual Riverius chief Physician to Henry the Great kept the following Plaister as a great Secret Take of Pine-nuts and red Roses of the Seeds of Cresses torrified of Mastich and seal'd Earth each one dram and an half infuse them in Rose Vinegar twenty four Hours afterwards dry them and add of Opium dissolved in Aqua Vitae three ounces of Ship Pitch and Colophony each one Ounce of Yellow Wax melted in the Oyls of Henbane and white Poppies by Expression a sufficient quantity make a Plaister which must be applied to the Arteries and pained Part. Medicines also are put into the Ears for Pain in the Teeth because the Arteries which nourish the Teeth do pass by the Ears upon that account Oyl of bitter Almonds is put into the Ear next to the Tooth affected also a Suffumigation of Vinegar in which Penyroyal or wild Marjoram hath been boiled is often used Vinegar is also dropt into the Ear by which the Fluxion is powerfully stopped and it is most effectual in a hot Fluxion But in a hot Fluxion Juice of Garlick mixed with Venice Treacle and dropt warm into the Ear mitigates the Pain powerfully Also the Root of Garlick the Bark being taken off and made in the form of a Suppository and put into the Ear produces the same Effect Astringents are also applied in the beginning of the Fluxion and they ought to be cold if the Matter be hot but if it be cold hot Medicines mixed with those that are repelling are to be used in whatever Cause if the Pain be violent Anodyns are to be mixed with Discutients To which Purpose the following Medicine may be prescribed Take of the Roots of Cinquefoil Bistort Tormentill each one dram of the Leaves of Vervain Plantain and Mullein each one handful Cypress-nuts Galls and Cups of Acrons each two drams of red Sanders a dram and an half of red Roses and Balaustines each one pugil boil them in astringent Wine and Vinegar fomeriâ— the pained Part with this Decoction frequently This Decoction may be used in the beginning of a hot Fluxion in a cold one you may add the Roots of Cyperus the Bark of Box-wood Ivy-leaves and the like A more Simple Medicine may be prepared of Plantain and Rose Water with a little Vinegar after the manner of an Oxycrat Or the Teeth must be washed with a Decoction of Galls in Vinegar Or Take of Cinquefoil-roots half an ounce of Willow-leaves half an handful boil them in astringent Wine and wash the Mouth with the Decoction This Decoction stops the Fluxion and eases Pain After that these Remedies have been used which mitigate the Pain and discuss the Cause of it of which there are a great Number proposed by Authors and also by the common People We shall in the next Place propose those that are more effectual of the which such Choice is to be made that these which not only resolve and discuss but also stop the Flux being mixed with astringents in the beginning and increase of the Disease those which only discuss in the Height and Declination Take of the Juice of House-leek and Night-shade each two ounces of Cow or Sheeps-milk eight ounces Oyl of Roses Omphacin one ounce and an half of OpiUm and Saffron each three grains mix them and apply a Rag dipt in the Liquor warm often to the Jaws where the pained Tooth is Or Take of the Pap of sweet Apples boiled two ounces of Braâ— infused in Vinegar three ounces Oyl of Roses Omphacin one Dram Saffron half a scruple of Opium two grains mix them and make a Cataplasm to be applied to the part affected Or Take of wheaten and Bean-flower each three ounces of Oyl of Roses compleat and of sweet Almonds each half an ounce of the Juice of the greater House-leek an ounce and an half of Milk a sufficient quantity make a Cataplasm to be often applied warm to the Part affected Or Take the Whites of two Eggs beat them with rose-Rose-water with Rags whereon two drams of Pepper powdered has been sprinkled apply them over the whole Cheek affected Nevertheless it is carefully to be noted that Astringents be not applied to the Jaws if they be tumified least the Humour be repelled back and should suffocate the Patient Cotton dipt in Oyl of Cloves and put into the Hollow Tooth is frequently used to ease the Pain Oyl of Box also does the same But if the Pain be so violent that it cannot be quelled with the foresaid Remedies we must use Narcoticks which may be applied to the pained Tooth but they most certainly give Ease being taken inwardly you may give three or four grains of the London Laudanum it gives ease and stops the Fluxion Take of Opium Mirrh and Labdanum each one Dram powder them and boil them in Whitewine to the Consistance of a Liniment mix Cotton with it and stop the Hollow Tooth If Worms are in the Teeth they must be killed by bitter things Take of Aloes one Dram of Champhor ten Grains of Aqua Vitae half a dram mingle them and apply them to the Teeth with Cotton It is to be noted that there is seldom a Pain in the Teeth unless they are Hollow and untill they are eaten through to the Nerve wherefore that the Pain may be taken off the Nerve must be burnt either with an actual Cautery or with Aqua fortis or Oyl of vitriol put into the Cavity But if notwithstanding all these means the Pain continues the Tooth must be drawn but care must be taken that the Tooth be not drawn when the Fluxion rushes violently upon it or when the Headach accompanies it or the Gums are swelled and when the Pain is violent and the Tooth-drawer must be admonished that he does not pluck it out violently at once least a concussion of the Brain shou'd follow or the breaking of the Jaw-bone upon which violent Bleeding a Feaver and sometimes Death comes As soon as the Tooth is drawn the Part from whence it is taken must be pressed on every side that it may be restored to its natural State afterwards let the Sick wash his Mouth with warm Oxycrat and let him be careful least he catch cold whereby a new Fluxion may fall upon other Teeth But if Blood flow so much as that it can scarce be stopt which sometimes happens though the Jaw be not broken by reason of a Vein or Artery torn This Flux of Blood is most commonly stopt by applying Lint rolled up hard and pressing it hard down an hour or two with the Fingers But if this does not succeed burnt Vitriol must be applyed and a Rag dipt in Vinegar over it which also must be pressed down with the Finger till it be crusted The last Remedy is an actual Cautery which presently stops the Blood But if any timerous Person cannot bare the drawing of a Tooth but desires to have it extracted by Remedies Those things are to
often in a day But if the foresaid Remedies will not do the business and if the Tooth near the Ulcer be rotten it must be drawn out and the Ulcer will be soon cured otherwise it will be incurable CHAP. L. Of Blood flowing from the Gums BLOOD sometimes flows in a great quantity from the Gums either Critically or Symptomatically But though a Critical Hemorrhage seldom happens by the Gums yet that it does so sometimes Experience and the Observations from Authors show It flows Symptomatically from the Gums by reason of its Acrimony and of the vitious Constitution of the Spleen and also the Scurvy It also sometimes flows plentifully after the drawing of a Tooth the little Artery being torn which was inserted into the Root of the Tooth upon which account sometimes so much Blood flows as kills the Patient The Cure of a Symptomatick Flux is performed by Bleeding and Purging and other Remedies that correct the Disorders of the Bowels afterwards Topicks must be used that are of an Astringent Nature in the form of a Gargarism Lotion Powder Liniment or Opiate If a great quantity of Blood flows upon drawing a Tooth Revulsion first must be made by Bleeding and Cupping-glasses and Astringent Medicines must be applied to the part as a Cataplasm made of Bole-armenick Dragons Blood sealed Earth and other Astringents mixed with the white of an Egg. If these things do not do the Patient must apply his Finger to the part from whence the Blood flows and must be kept there so long till the Blood coagulated upon the Orifice of the Artery stops the Flux If the Blood cannot be stopt by these gentle means stronger must be used Chalcitis burnt and applied stops Blood wonderfully Gum-arabick powder'd and the Cavity fill'd with it is also of use So is also the Powder called Thuraloes applied with the white of an Egg and Hares Down CHAP. LI. Of Vlcers of the Mouth and Jaws SMALL and Superficial Ulcers of the Mouth are called Aphthae and when they are large they go under the common name of Ulcers as those are that happen to Pocky People These Ulcers are wont to be generated by Acrid Humours or Vapors translated from various parts of the Body to the Jaws So in Malignant Feavers such Ulcers frequently happen and to those which are of a hot Constitution and are subject to an Intemperies of the Parts and to others that abound with corrupted Humours upon which Account Children are frequently troubled with Aphthae These Ulcers are various not only for that some are small some greater and because some trouble Children and some grown People but also because an Inflammation accompanies some of them and others it do's not These various Degrees happen according to the variety of Humours from whence they are generated for either they proceed from Blood Choler Flegm or Melancholy or rather from black Choler which is of a burning and malignant Quality But these Differences may be known by their proper Signs for red Ulcers proceed from Blood yellow from Choler white from Flegm livid from black Choler a stinking Ulcer signifies Putrefaction As to the Prognostick Aphthae properly so called are easily cured but deep Ulcers or such as are putrid are difficultly cured and they are most dangerous in Children both because they spread more by reason of the Softness of their Flesh and also because they cannot bear strong Medicines upon which account Children sometimes die of them if they are accompanied with Putrefaction and Malignity And with respect to the Cause from whence they proceed they are more or less Dangerous if they proceed from Flegm there is little Danger if from Blood or Choler there is more if from black Choler most of all Black and crusty Ulcers are deadly especially in Children Ulcers of the Jaws accompanied with a Feaver are dangerous As to the Cure a cooling and drying Diet must be ordered to hinder the Generation of the Antecedent Cause wherefore if in Children the Disease arises from a Fault in the Milk either the Nurse must be changed or her Milk must be corrected by proper Meats and Drinks and by Bleeding and purging if there be Occasion But you must be sure to prescribe a cooling and astringent Diet to the Nurse as Quinces Pears Medlars Lettice and Purslain The same must be prescribed for grown People and they must avoid acrid salt and peppered Meats Moreover with respect to the antecedent Cause universal Evacuations must be prescribed according to the Age of the Sick and first Bleeding makes a powerful Revulsion of Humours flowing to the Part and attemperates their Acrimony and cools the whole Body Afterwards Cupping-glasses with Scarification must be applied Leeches behind the Ears and under the Chin and a Blister must be applied to the Neck The next Day after Bleeding Purging must be ordered suitable to the peccant Humour and the Age At the same time viz. From the very beginning of the Cure Topicks must be applied but such as are gentle must be first used as Gargarisms or Lotions made with the Waters of Plantain or Honey-suckle and sweetned with Syrup of dried Roses or of Mulberries or of a Decoction of Plantain Leaves Bramble-tops knot-grass Balaustins red Sanders and the like with the foresaid Syrups And if there be an Inflammation it is proper to add the Juice of Night-shade House-leek or of Purslain and Sal Prunella in such Quantity as may not sharpen it too much or instead of them a small Quantity of Crude Allum may be mixed with it If there be no Inflammation Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur is the only Remedy which may be used by it self to grown People The Ulcer being touched with a Stick wrapped round the top with a Rag dipt in it and so simple Aphthae will be cured immediately But for Children the Spirit must be mixed with Honey of Roses to mitigate the Sharpness and must be used with a Stick as above directed If the Ulcers are very painful and accompanied with Inflammation the Mouth must be often gargled with Milk or with an Emulsion of the cold Seeds or with a Mucilage of the Seeds of Fleabean and of Quinces extracted with Plantain and Rose-water Lastly If the pain be so very obstinate that it cannot be appeased by the Revulsions and Topicks proposed but by Reason of the Violence of it sharp Humours are continually attracted and long Watchings occasioned and a Wasting of the whole Body whereby the Life is much endangered the last Remedy are Narcoticks which ease the Pain and hinders the Influx of the Humours they are to be dosed according to the Age and Strength of the Patient I cured a Boy says Riverius of four Years of Age when he was just dying by giving him a grain of Laudanum His Jaws and Tongue were full of deep Ulcers and the Inflammation so great that he cou'd not bear Topick Remedies and the Flux of Humours so much that they flowed perpetually out of his Mouth like a Stream and the
Child cryed Night and Day If the Ulcer be putrid and sordid it must be first washed with a Decoction made of Barley and Honey of Roses and in Children with Milk wherein Steel has been quenched mixed with conserve of Roses afterwards you must use things that are stronger Honey of Roses is the chief made acid with the Spirit of Vitriol If these are not sufficient burnt Allum may be added to the things abovementioned or Unguentum Aegyptiacum in a greater or lesser quantity according to the Degree of the Diseases Lastly If the Ulcer of the Jaws proceed from the French Pox it cannot be cured until that is taken off CHAP. LII Of the Relaxation of the Uvula THe Relaxation of the Uvula happens by reason of a Flegmatick Humour falling from the Head upon it wherewith some Blood is often mixed and then an Inflammation accompanies the Relaxation which also frequently happens to the Almonds concerning the Cure of which Inflammations we shall say nothing because the Cure of them is performed by the same Remedies which were proposed for the Cure of an Inflammation of the Tongue and for Ulcers of the Mouth with Inflammation The Flegmatick Humour falling upon the Uvula moistens softens and so relaxes it that it touches the upper part of the Oesophagus and creates Nauseousness and those that are so affected always endeavour in vain to swallow something that lies at the top of the Oesophagus and by this Sign without Inspection the Relaxation of the Uvula may be known The Cure of it must be first directed to the anticedent cause wherefore the Humours flowing from the Head must be evacuated and diverted by those Remedies which are proposed for the Cure of a Catarrh The Topicks which are used in the Beginning must be astringent and repellent such as were proposed for Ulcers in the Jaws and Gums afterwards the things that are drying and astringent must be mixed with them and though the Gargarisms proposed in the said Places are profitable in these Cases yet when there is no Inflammation the use of Powders is more effectual For by them the relaxed Uvula is more powerfully dried and contracted And therefore the Bark of Pomegranates finely powdered should be first used and in progress a little Pepper may be used with it Or Take of red Roses Balaustines Pomegranate-peel each half a dram of the Roots of Bistort Tormentil and unripe Galls and of Florentine-orris each one dram of burnt Allum two Scruples make a Powder Common Chyrurgeons apply long Pepper powdered to it but it is not safe for there is Danger least the Humours should be drawn violently to the Part affected and so should occasion some great Mischief The manner of using these Powders is as follows The Tongue must be depressed with a Speculum-oris and then with a Spatula or with a small Spoon for the Purpose the Powder must be conveyed to the Uvula often in a Day till the Humour imbibed be wholly consumed But if the Uvula relaxed cannot be reduced by the foresaid Remedies to it's former State but still continues troublesome by being so long the top of it must be cut off but care must be taken that too much of it be not cut off for if so the Speech and Respiration wou'd be injured CHAP. LIII Of a Quinsie IT comes at any Time of the Year especially between Spring and Summer and chiefly seizes young Men and such as are of a Sanguine Constitution and red hair'd People which I have often observed more than any other they shiver and shake presently a Feaver follows and a little after a Pain and Inflammation of the Jaws and if the Patient be not presently relieved he can neither swallow nor draw his Breath through his Nostrils so that he is under the apprehension of strangling by reason the Jaws are stopt by the Inflammation and Tumour of the Uvula Almonds and Larynx and is indeed in a manner suffocated There is great Danger in this Disease for it sometimes destroys a Man in a few Hours In order to the Cure I presently take away Blood plentifully from the Arm and presently afterwards from the Veins under the Tongue and then I order that the inflamed Parts shou'd be touched with Honey of Roses made very sharp with Spirit of Sulphur and that the following Gargarism shou'd be used not after the common Way but that it shou'd be kept in the Mouth without any Agitation till it wax hot and then that it shou'd be spit out and that it should be repeated now and then Take of Plantane-water and red Rose-water and of the Water of the Spawn of Frogs each four ounces the Whites of three Eggs turned to a Water by beating of White Sugar-candy three Drams make a Gargarism I likewise order that the Patient take dayly of the Emulsion prescribed in the Cure of a Pleurisie or the like The next Morning I bleed again unless the Feaver and difficulty of Swallowing somewhat abate and defer Purging till the next Day But if both these are lessened I presently give a lenitive Purge If the Feaver and other Symptoms are like to be troublesome after purging they are to be quelled by Bleeding repeated as before by applying a large and strong Blister to the Neck a cooling and emollient Glister is to be injected every Morning except when the Patient purges through the whole course of the Disease The use of Flesh of all kinds and their Broths are to be forbid and the Patient is to be dieted with Oatmeal and Barley Broths and roasted Apples and the like let him use a Ptisan of Barley or small Beer Let him keep up some Hours every Day for the warmth of the Bed heightens the Feaver and other Symptoms But it is to be noted that such a Quinsie which is only a Symptom of a Feaver I call stationary is to be cured by that Method which is requisite for the Feaver and so is either to be taken off by Sweat and Transpiration or by any other Method of Cure which is necessary for the primary Feaver whereon it depends which is worth Observation CHAP. LIV. Of an Asthma THough an Asthma is taken for a Difficulty of Breathing in general yet it principally Signifies that which proceeds from a stoppage of the Lungs and an Obstruction of the Bronchia which of its own Nature is without a Feaver though sometimes a Feaver accompanies it An Asthma is divided into three Species one is called Dyspnoea another Asthma the third Orthopnoea A Dyspnoea is a difficulty of Breathing arising from an Obstruction of the Lungs this is less than an Asthma or Orthopnoea and arises from a smaller Quantity of Matter that obstructs more the Substance of the Lungs than the Bronchia upon which account there is no Wheezing which is occasioned by a Commotion of the Humour contained in the Bronchia An Asthma is a great and frequent Respiration wherein the Diaphagma the intercostal Muscles and the Muscles of the
and by this means many Consumptive People have been recovered Issues are also of use and the Shaving of the Head And if the Hectick heat be but small the Sick ought to drink Calybeat Waters in the Summer-time for by this means many have been relieved Year after Year their Stomack Flesh and Strength recovered and the Hectick Heat and Cough left them and their Breath has been freer But these Waters are not to be used when the Lungs are evidently putrified or when the Flesh is very much wasted by Colloquative Sweats a Loosness or a Dropsie for then they are deadly And when they are proper the Sick must use them the greatest part of the Summer but not so great a quantity at a time as is usual in other Cases two Quarts five Pints or three Quarts may be sufficient at a time and the Sick must take Care that he does not catch Cold and of Errors in Diet Purging is not to be used during the drinking of the Waters in this Case but if the Body be subject to be bound the Purging Mnieral-waters must be taken three or four times at the distance of three or four Days before and after the use of the Calybeat-waters If the Waters do not pass well by Urine or if they cause a Diarrhea you must not continue the use of them long unless these Inconveniences may be remedied by Art to take off or to prevent the Diarrhea I use to prescribe the quantity of a Walnut of the following Electuary to be taken at Bed-time every Night Take of the Pulp of the conserve of old red Roses of the Electuary of Quinces each half an ounce of the Troebes of Ambar three drams of true Bole of Dragons-blood each half a dram of London Laudanum three grains of Syrup of Mirtles a sufficient Quantity mingle them make an Electuary To force the Urine I order that a scruple of the whitest Salt of Ambar well cleansed from the Oyl should be dissolved in the first Draught of Water It is also good during the Course of the Water to medicate the ordinary Drink with a Bag of Pectoral Ingredients But secondly If the Hectick Feaver be considerable it is safer to attemperate the Blood by a Milk-Diet but as to a Milk Diet what followeth must be observed First In the use of this Diet nothing but Milk or things made of Milk Bread only excepted must be allowed of but good Quantities of it must be taken frequently least by reason of the Thinness of it the Parts should be deprived of their due Nourishment Secondly This sort of Diet must be continued for the Space of a Month or two Thirdly Spring time is most seasonable for a Milk Course for then the Herbs and Flowers wherewith the Beasts are fed flourish most Fourthly But if by reason of the Ferment of the Stomach being too acid common Milk as it sometimes happens curdles and so cannot be concocted upon which account Vomiting Grips and a Loosness follow it is better to abstain from the use of it and to endeavour to attemperate the Blood with Asses-milk Concerning the use of which observe the following Directions First Give this Milk in the Morning and let the Sick sleep a little in Bed afterwards let it be given again at five in the Afternoon Secondly Nothing of a contrary Nature whether Diet or Medicine must be taken till the Milk is concocted Thirdly You must give a Pint or half a Pint at a time or thereabout for a great Quantity of this or of common Milk can neither be received nor concocted by the Stomach but is usually cast out presently either by Vomit or Stool to the great Prejudice of the Sick wherefore it is prudently ordered by Physicians that as the Stomach is by degrees accustomed to this sort of Diet so the quantity of it should be daily increased from half a Pint to a Pint. Fourthly If the Sick by reason of the acid Ferment of the Stomach is subject upon taking Asses-milk to a Loosnessâ— which frequently happens the Milk must be sweetned with Sugar of Roses and must be milked upon a Branch or two of Mint and if there be occasion and nothing forbids the Sick may take every Night at Bed-time a grain of London Landanum or a Dose of the beforementioned Astringent Electuary Fifthly The Milk must be drank whilst it is warm for if it should grow cold and be afterwards warmed upon the Fire it would be rendered less pleasing to the Tast and Stomach and the Remedy would not be so effectual by reason of the Spirits being wasted Sixthly During the use of Asses-milk which also ought to be ordered in every Milk-diet the Sick must abstain from all other Medicines except Opiats and Astringents if they are necessary to prevent a Loosness or to quiet the Cough at Nights Seventhly But if the Loosness occasioned by the Milk cannot be taken off by the Laudanum and the Astringents or if after it is taken off Vomiting or at least a continual Sickness or Weight upon the Stomach succeed which are the certain Signs of the Milk curdling in the Stomach Or lastly If there be Signs of a Schirâ—hus and Obstruction of the Liver which are frequent in Scorbutical and Hypocondriack People that have had a Consumption a long while rhey must carefully avoid all sorts of Milk for the use of Milk by increasing the Obstruction of the Liver is wont to bring upon the Consumption a Dropsie and Jaundice whereby the original Disease is rendred deplorable Wherefore Fourthly in these cases it is better to alter the Blood and to blunt its Acrimony by the free use of Fish and of testaceous Medicines and also by Restorative Broths made of the extream parts of Animals and drinking freely of the Compound Waters of Milk Capons and Snails and the like though what we said before of the use of Milk is also true with respect to these Flegmatick Waters viz. That when the Liver is obstructed the Jaundice or Dropsie is wont to follow the free use of these Wherefore in such a case it is better to endeavour to Sweeten the Blood in the following manner Let him eat freely of River and Sea-crabs of Lobsters and generally speaking of all testaceous Fish which sort of Diet eaten plentifully much attemperates the Acidity of the Blood and the sharp Ferment of the Stomach Of these testaceous Fish are also made very pleasant Broths which must be taken plentifully Take of River Crabs number an hundred beat them whilst they are alive and boil them in two quarts of Fountain-water add towards the end of boiling two or three blades of Mace one Nutmeg rasped and of Malago-wine half a pint strain it for use Jellies and restorative Broths may be also used to the same purpose For instance Take of the Shavings of Harts-horn and Ivory each four ounces two blades of Mace one bark of an Orange candied boil them in two quarts of fountain-Fountain-water to a quart or a pint and
of Maiden-hair each one ounce mingle them make an Apozem for the use above described To recruit the Strength and to attemperate the Effervescence of the Blood four or five Spoonfuls of the following Julep may be prescribed Take of the Aqua-lactis alexiteria eight ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated and of Plague-watery each two ounces of prepared Pearl one dram and an half of white Sugar six drams mingle them make a Julep At Bed-time the following Anodyn and Diaphoretick Bolus may be prescribed to be taken with a Draught of the Cordial Julep especially if the Belly as it often happens in this State of the Disease be too loose Take of Venice-treacle half a dram of the compound Powder of Crabs-claws one Scruple of Syrup of Gilly-flowers a sufficient Quantity mingle them make a Bolus Presently after Bleeding apply Blisters to the Neck to the inner parts of the Arms and Legs and a Cephalick Plaister with Euphorbium to the Soles of the Feet to relieve the Brain and Genus Nervosum To ease the Pain of the Side occasioned by the Convulsions of the Muscles and the Membrans of the Breast the following Fomentation and Liniment may be applyed by turns to the Parts affected Take of the Roots of Parsly and Fennel and of Linseeds and of Fenugreek-seeds each two ounces of the Flowers of Camomel and of Melilot each two handfuls mix them and boil them in a sufficient quantity of Fountain Water pour it into a fresh Ox-Bladder let the Bladder be half full apply it hot to the Parts affected when the Bladder is taken off apply an hot Flannel besmeared with the following Liniment Take of Ointment of Marsh-mallows half an ounce of Oyl of white-lillies and of Bricks each three drams mingle them make a Liniment To attemperate further the Effervescence of the Blood and the Heat of the Lungs the following Powder may be used with good Success Take of pure Salt-peter two drams of white Cristaline Sugar half an ounce mingle them and make of them eight Papers whereof let one be dissolved in every Draught of Beer As to other things they must be left to the Judgment of the Physician that attends to be prescribed upon Occasion As to the putrid Feaver of Consumptive People it is to be noted that although the Sick being treated according to the Preceeding Method do not die of a Peripneumonia yet the Inflammation of the Tubercles of the Lungs ending most commonly in an Ulcer presently after the Inflammatory Feaver a putrid intermitting Feaver arises returning at certain Periods every day or every other day with Shivering Heat and Sweats Which Feaver seems impossible to be taken quite off unless the Ulcer be cured from whence it arises yet the Peruvian Bark frequently repeated at due Intervals is often very Successful for suppressing the Feaver for a while and the Lives of some by the frequent use of it have been protracted for many Years Take of the Peruvian Bark finely powdered half a dram of the Balsamick Syrup a sufficient quantity make a Bolus which let the Sick take in the Morning and every sixth Hour for three days successively drinking upon it three or four ounces of the following Apozem Take of the Peruvian Bark powdered three ounces of the Balsam of Tolu two drams of English-saffron and Cochinele each one Scruple boil them in a Pint of the Pectral Decoction clarified to six ounces then strain it and put on a Pint more of the Decoction repeat the Operation thrice then mix all the strained Liquor and add to it of Maligo Saek and Balsamick Syrup each fouâ— ounces mingle them make an Apozem Repeat the use of this Febrifuge in the manner now described twice in a Month or oftner if there be Occasion and in the Intervals the daily use of Balsamick and Pectoral Medicines must be ordered and they must be varied according to the Temper of the Sick and the Genius of the Disease If the Belly be too loose a grain of London Laudanum may be added to every Bolus to be taken at Bed-time or instead of the Bolus's Pills made of Diascordium and the Jesuits Powder may be substituted but every Dose must contain half a dram of the Powder Yet it must be confessed that the Bark is not constantly so successful in the Consumptive Feaver as in Agues To take off a Loosness and to mitigate a Dysentery and the Gripes Opiat Medicines must be used freqently and freely and during these Symptoms the Sick must abstain from all sorts of Beer and instead of it must use the white Decoction or Milk-water Let him take also if there be Occasion every fourth Hour the quantity of a Walnut of the Astringent Electuary described before in the use of Asses-milk or let him take twelve Drops of Helmont's liquid Laudanum And to attemperate the Acrimony of the Humours that are wont to be evacuated by the glandulous Tunick of the great Guts and to restore the Tone of the Parts weakned thereby let a Glister be daily injected made of Chicken broth or of a Sheeps-head with the Wool on boiled in Water or this that follows Take of Milk altered with red Roses and by quenching often hot Steel in it six ounces of Diascordium half an ounce mingle them make a Glister But in a moderate Diarrhea viz. when the Gripes are not very violent especially if there be a Difficulty of Breathing Opium must be prescribed rarely and sparingly in any Form for most commonly upon giving it the Breast is oppressed and Breathing and Expectoration are rendered more difficult and the Stomach becomes nauseous Wherefore it is safer only to moderate the Loosness by giving an Opiat every third or fourth Night than to stop it quite least a greater Injury should follow and always after the use of an Opiat expectorating and lubricating Medicines should be freely used least the Matter should be so much fixed in the Lungs that the strength of the Patient should not suffice to bring it up When the Cough and Watchings are very violent the following Medicines may be used but it is to be noted that Opiats must be used very sparingly and with great Caution when the Sick is very weak Take of Syrup of Marsh-mallows and Purslain each one ounce and an half of the Species Diatragacanth frigid of the Powder of Haly each two scruples of Diacodium an ounce and an half mingle them make a Linctus to be taken in a spoon or with a Liquorish Stick when the Cough is violent Aqua-mirabilis also mixed with Pectoral Syrups does good Or Take of the Balsamick Syrup two ounces of Helmont's liquid Laudanum two Scruples mingle them let the Sick take a spoonful every Hour or every other Hour The white and black Lozenges being leisurely dissolved in the Mouth and swallowed down are also of use To moderate the great and Colliquative Sweats let the Sick sleep but little at a time and let him take temperate Pearl Cordials often and in a large Quantity to which
and Marjoram Garden-rue and of the Herb called Basilicon and of the Tops of the lesser Centaury each half a handful of Bay-berries three drams of the Seeds of Angelica Lovage and Annise each half an ounce of Ginger Nutmegs and Mace each one dram and an half of Cinnamon six drams of Cloves and the Bark of Oranges each one dram cut them and powder them grosly and pour upon them twenty quarts of Maligo Wine digest them two days in a Bath then distil them till they are dry pour all again upon the Ingredients and distil off three Fourths CHAP. LXV Of the Hickops THe Hickops are a Convulsive Motion of the Stomach The Matter occasioning the Hickops is either collected in the Stomach or communicated to it from the Liver Spleen Bowels or other Parts or from the whole Body so sharp Meats or Medicines sharp Humours or Worms contained in the Stomach may occasion an Idiophathick Hickop But a Sympathick is occasioned by Inflammations of the neighbouring Parts or from Humours or sharp Vapours transferred to the Stomach from Diseases of the whole Body as in acute and malignant Feavers The Signs of the Causes must be thus distinguished If it be Idiopathick it is more continual and Signs of Humours contained in the Stomach appear and then it is cured by Vomiting The Peccant Humour collected in the Stomach may be known by Vomiting Belching a Taste in the Mouth and other Signs If it proceed from a Disease of any other Part the Signs of it must be sought for in the proper Chapters As to the Prognostick that Hickop from any Procatarctick cause as from Meat Drink or Cold is not dangerous and also that which precedes a critical Vomiting If it happen in a Feaver it shews that the Disease is very dangerous A Hickop coming after Vomiting is also dangerous The Cure of this Disease is to be directed to the Causes of it which as is said before produce this Disease Sympathically or Idiopathically the Causes that occasion a Sympathick Hickop are the Diseases of other Parts which being cured the Hickop is also taken off though those Remedies which are proper to remove the Symptom may be used in the mean while An Idiopathick Hickop is occasioned by Flegm Wind Choler or any other acrid or malignant Humour That which is occasioned by a Flegmatick Humour must be cured by Remedies that incide purge and cleanse that Humour and that strengthen the Stomach to which may be added the following Medicines which are peculiarly proper for the Symptom Take of Tincture of Castor one dram of the Juice of Mint four ounces Let the Sick take a spoonful or two at a time and let his Stomach be anointed with it hot twice or thrice a day Vinegar of Squills may be taken frequently to incide and dissolve the Matter impacted into the Tunicks of the Stomach or instead of it Oxymel of Squills Cloves also held frequently in the Mouth do good also Elixir Proprietatis described by Crollius is good Take of the Seeds of Dill two or three drams boil them gently in eight ounces of good Wine Let the Sick takâ— two Spoonfuls Morning and Evening The Seed also tied up in a Rag may be held to the Nostrils frequently when the Disease is obstinate the following Pills are very effectual Take of Castor and Mirrh each three drams of Sal-gemma half an ounce of Diagridium and Mastich each one dram of the fresh Troches of Agarick three drams of choice Aloes the Weight of all mix them with the Juice of Mint and make a Mass Of each dram make six Pills gild them let the Sick take two or three in a Morning two hours before Meat twice a Week Pills also made of the Powder of Hiera with Oxymel are also good whereof a dram may be taken at a time Of the days the Sick does not Purge let him take the following Powder Take of the Seeds of Dill half an ounce of Zedoary and of Woo◠〈◊〉 Aloes of Nutmegs Cloves and of the Powder of Dâ—â—mbra each one dram mix them let him take two scruples with a little good Wine or adding three ounces of common Salt let him use of it with his Meat Let the following Cataplasm be applied to his Stomach Take of the Roots of long Birth-wort of Florentine-orris of Bayberries of the Leaves of Rue and dried Mint each three drams of Castor and Mirrh each two drams of Cloves and Hyposistis each six drams with Honey of Rosemary-flowers make a Cataplasm Lastly when the Disease is very obstinate we must use a Decoction of Guajacum and the Bath-water That which prooceeds from Wind must be cured by Remedies that are proper to expel Wind Let Cupping-glasses be applied to the Region of the Stomach which like a Miracle mitigate and take off suddenly flatulent Diseases of the Lower-belly That which proceeds from an acrid and cholerick Humour must be cured by Bleeding if there be a Plethora and by Vomiting or by Purging every third day Take of choice Rhubarb powdered and moistened with endive-Endive-water half an ounce of the Pulp of Tamarinds two drams of the Seeds of Endive Purslain and Spodium each one dram of Yellow Sanders and of Diagridium each half a dram with Syrup of Lemons make a Mass for Pills of half a dram make four or five Pills to be taken in the Morning Of other Days let him take the Conserve of Roses and Borrage mixed with a little of the Powder of the three Sanders Emulsions of the cold Seeds attemperate powerfully the Acrimony of the Humours Syrup of Apples mixed with Syrup of Quinces is also good hot or cold Water or a Ptisan is also to be drank freely of Foment the Stomach with a Spunge dipt in Rose-vinegar and apply the following Plaister to the Back and Stomach Take of the Ceratum Santalinum and of Ointment of Roses each one ounce of Mastich half an ounce of the Bark of Citron and of the Flesh of Quinces each one dram with the Juice of Housleek and with a little Turpentine make Plaisters If there be a Suspicion of a malignant Quality Treacle or some other Alexipharmick must be prescribed and the Region of the Stomach must be anointed with the Oyl of Scorpions But from whatsoever Cause the Hickops arise the following Medicines are to be used First The Peccant Humour must be evacuated by Vomit if the Sick can bear it and it must be repeated if the Disease be lessened by it but not quite taken away and strong Vomits must be given if the Case so require as Platerus teaches in his Practice whereof he mentions an Observation in these Words A Surgeon was seized with the Hickops and they were so continual Night and Day that he cou'd not sleep nor scarce speak or eat being extreamly weakned by them he earnestly desired we should give him a strong Chimical Vomit which being taken he cast up a vast Quantity of green and black Choler the Vomiting stopt and he recovered But if the
Ulcer That which is generated by Wind must be cured by Remedies that discuss and evacuate that flatulent Matter and also Flegm which breeds Wind. And first An emollient and loosning Glister must be injected and presently after a carminative and discussing Glister made of the Decoction of the Leaves of Wild-marjoram Calaminth Penny-royal Rue and the lesser-centaury the Seeds of Annise Fennel Daucus Cummin and the like wherein may be dissolved Benedictum Laxativum Oyl of Dill Rue and Honey of Rosemary If the Pain continue a Glister must be made of Oyl of Rue or of Nuts and of generous Wine each equal Parts you must add to it two ounces of Aqua-vitae or you may prepare a Glister of Whitewine mixed with eight drops of Oyl of Juniper Cinnamon or of Chymical Oyl of Cloves Afterwards the following Fomentation must be applyed to the Region of the Stomach Take of the Roots of Cyperus Galingal sweet smelling Flag each one ounce of the Leaves of Mint wild-marjoramâ— Marjoram Penny-royal Hyssop and Sage each one handful of the Seeds of Fennel Daucus Caraways Bay-berries each half an ounce of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot Rosemary and Lavinder each one Pugil cut them and beat them and put them into two Bags boil them in generous Wine press them out and â—pply them hot to the Stomach and Belly by turns But when the Matter is not very cold the following Fomentation may be prepared which is much commended by Forestus and he says it will give Ease when other Medicines will do no good Take of the Roots of Marshmallows half an ounce of red Roses the Flowers of Camomil and of the Tops of Centaury each one handful boil them in Fountain and camomil-Camomil-water to a Pint and an half at last add a little good Rhenish-wine Rose-water and Vinegar make a Fomentation After the Fomentation anoint the parts with Oyl of Rue and Dill mixed with Aqua-vitae and a little of the Oyl of Sage or of Cloves Chimically extracted after the Anointing apply the Plaister of Laurel-berries or instead of it a Cataplasm made of Honey and the Seeds of Cummin In the mean time whilst these things are about if the Stomach be nauseous Vomiting may be provoked by some gentle Vomit or a Purge may be given that evacuates Flegm After the Body is purged Oyl of bitter Almonds mixed with White-wine may be taken or Aqua-clareta or Cinnamon-water The following Julep is very effectual to ease Pain discuss Wind to cleanse Flegm and to strengthen the Stomach Take of the Leaves of common Worm-wood of the lesser Centaury and Agrimony each half an handful boil them to five ounces in the Liquor dissolve one ounce of white Sugar Let it be taken for two days in the Morning Amatus Lusitanus greatly commends the distilled Water of Camomil-flowers as a special Remedy to ease Pains of the Bowels and Stomach three ounces of it may be taken warm or in the place of this Water a Decoction of Camomil-flowers may be used which is greatly commended by Forestus who says that he cured a certain Merchant of a violent Pain in the Stomach with only giving this Decoction once he had no sooner drank it than he fell into a Sweat belching up Wind and in a Minute all the Pains went off so that there was no occasion for any other Remedies A Vomit may be prepared of this Decoction made with Seeds of Dill or with Agarick or the Roots of Wake-robin wherein may be dissolved Oxymel Syrup of Sorrel or of Roses solutive which may be given at the beginning of the Disease to mitigate the Pain by evacuation Galen says that a Cupping-glass applied to the Stomach removes the Pain wonderfully but this Caution must be taken notice of viz. That but little or no crude Humour be in the Stomach for if there be it will increase the Pain Bread fresh drawn out of the Oven cut in the middle and applied to the Part does good either by it self or sprinkled with Aromatick Powders But if the Disease be obstinate you must use a Bath made of a Decoction of emollient and healing Herbs which is safest and most effectual for it eases the Pain by discussing the Wind and driving it through rhe Pores of of the Skin But the Buisness will be sooner done if in the Bath the Sick take some discutient Remedy for both concurring the Cure will be effectually performed The Bath ought to be very hot that the Wind may be the easier discussed and that the gross Humours may be melted If Glisters cannot be injected or retained by reason of the violence of the Pain a Purge must be given in the Bath where the Sick must continue half an hour or an hour till the Purge begins to operate But sometimes when there is danger by reason of the violence of the Pain Narcoticks must be given which being prudently administred do often a great deal of good Some mix Narcoticks with Purgers that the Pain may be eased and the peccant Matter evacuated at the same Time Take of Diaphaenicon half an ounce of Philonium Romanum two Scruples with the Water or Decoction of Camomil make a Potion After the Pain is taken off Purging should be repeated once or twice a Month in such as are subject to this Disease that the Cause of Wind may be removed corroborating Medicines must be also used but if the Pain arise from Choler it must be cured by the Evacuation of the peccant Humour as by a gentle Vomit or a Purging Medicine or by injecting Glisters frequently which ought to be emollient not sharp or hot Afterwards the Acrimony of the Humours is to be mitigated by cooling and thickning Juleps by Emulsions of the four greater cold seeds by new Milk Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn by Yolks of Eggs and the like Strenghning Medicines must be used and Narcoticks upon occasion and outwardly must be applied a Cataplasm of White-bread Crums boiled in Milk Yolks of Eggs and Saffron being added Or you may apply Bread fresh drawn and cut in the middle and moistened with Vinegar or let the part be fomented with a Decoction of the Flowers of Camomil Violets and of Water-lillies or which is much better let the Sick be bathed with warm Water for this is very effectual for the Cure of this Disease If when the Pain is eased it should chance to return again the Sick must be purged twice a Month and the hot Intemperies must be corrected by a cooling Diet and convenient Remedies But when the Pain proceeds from an Inflammation Abscess or Ulcer it must be cured by Remedies to be proposed in the following Chapter CHAP. LXIX Of an Inflammation Abscess and Vlcer of the Stomach THough in the Stomach as in all other Parts all sorts of Tumours may happen yet here we only treat of an Inflammation or Phlegmon which is most frequent for other Tumours rarely happen and may be cured by the same Method wherewith the Tumours of other inward parts are
the Narcotick may be sufficient for a Child of a Year old The Liquid Laudanum which as was said I daily us'd was prepared according to this easie Method Take of Spanish-wine one Pint Opium two ounces of Saffron one ounce of the Powder of Cinnamon and of Cloves each one dram let them be infused together in a Bath for two or three days till the Liquor come to a due Consistence strain it and keep it for use In the Dry-gripe Dysentery I used the following Method If the Patient was in the Flower of his Age and had a Feaver I ordered him to be bled in the Arm and after an hour or two that he shou'd take great quantities of Liquor as I us'd to do in the Cholera Morbus but not Chicken-broth or Posset-drink as in that Case but Whey which I ordered to be drank cold in the same quantity as in the Cholera but the Glisters were to be injected warm without Sugar or any other thing I found the Gripes and the bloody Stools went off with the fourth Glister This Business being over and all the Whey ejected which might be done in the Space of two or three Hours if the Sick minded his Business I presently put him to Bed where he soon sweated of his own Accord by reason of the Whey mixt with the Blood and I ordered it should be continued for twenty four hours but not at all provoked allowing him all the while nothing but Milk a little warmed which he only used three or four days after he left his Bed If either by rising too soon or by leaving the use of Milk too soon the Patient relapses the same Method is to be repeated To conclude 'T is to be noted that tho in those Years wherein the Bloody-flux is Epidemical the foresaid Evacuations are wholly necessary before we come to the use of Laudanum yet in any Constitution not favouring so much this Disease they may be safely omitted and the Cure may be performed more compendiously by Laudanum alone in the manner we have described CHAP. LXXVIII Of a Tenesmus A Tenesmus is a continual Motion to go to Stool whereby nothing but a mucous Matter is evacuated The Cause of this Disease is an Ulcer of the right Gut from whence a purulent Matter continually flows and irritates the expulsive Faculty It is not dangerous unless it proceed from black Choler and so shou'd turn to a Cancer or should occasion Miscarriage in Women with Child The manner of Cure is much the same with that of the Bloody-flux If there be an Inflammation which is chiefly known by a Feaver or an abundance of Blood Bleeding must be us'd and if the Inflammation remains after Bleeding and occasion a Strangury which sometimes happens Bleeding by Leeches in the Hemorrhoidal Veins is beneficial Glisters are also to be Injected according to the various Seasons of the Ulcer sometimes those that are lenient when the Pain is violent sometimes cleansing glutinating or astringent but in giving Glisters you must observe first that they must be given often and in a small quantity because 't is difficult to keep them and then the Pipe must be put up gently least it should anger the part and cause Pain And the part must be well fomented and Bathed and Fumes Suppositories and Oyntments must be us'd to it a Fomentation may be made in the following manner Take of the Leaves of Mullein and Wormwood each six handfulls boil them in new Milk and put them into two Bags and apply them hot by turns to the Fundament and Belly Or Take of the Flowers of Camomil and Roses each one handful of red Wine a quart infuse them for two Hours upon hot Ashes foment the Fundament as hot as the Patient can bear it with Clothes four times double afterward let hlm set upon a Spunge pressed out of the same Liquor Or fill two Bags with wheat-bran and boil them in Vinegar let the Sick sit hot upon them by turns as he can bear them If much Blood be evacuated you may make a Fomentation in the following manner Take of the Leaves and Roots of Mullein two handfuls of red Roses one Pugil of the Bark of Pomegranates and of Gauls each half an ounce boil them in two Parts of Smiths Water and in one of red Wine 't will be more powerful if you add half an ounce of Alum A Bath to ease the Pain must be made of Emollients boyled in a Decoction of Sheeps-feet and if the Heat be much Violets Night-shade Goards and pieces of Melons may be added But to heal the Ulcer a Bath must be made of Astringents Fumes are proper to dry the Ulcer made of Frankincense cast on Coals or of a Decoction of Savine made with Oxycrate the following is much commended by Forestus Take of Mastich one dram of Frankincense one Scruple of Mirtles one dram and an half of red Roses two scruples make a Fume to be received through a Chair that has a hole at the Bottom Suppositories do much good in this Case but they ought to be gentle least they should exasperate the sensible Part they may be made of Goats Suet cut into the Form of a Suppository for it gives Ease and heals the Ulcer but it will be more powerful to ease the Pain if you mix with it the Seeds of white Poppies and of Henbane bruised but t is much better to add instead of the Seeds three drops of the Oyls pressed from the Seeds or a grain of Opium dissolved in half a Scruple of Oyl of Almonds But to heal the Ulcer 't is best to add to the Suet dissolved Starch and Gum-tragacanth beat or infused first in Plantane-water or it may be compounded in the following manner Take of Gum-Tragacanth as much as is sufficient pour upon it a little Plantain-water that it may only swell and not be too moist add the Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium or of Quinces a sufficient quantity and the Yolk of one Egg mingle them and make them warm and of melted wax a sufficient quantity to make Suppositories Narcoticks may be also added and the Powders of Ceruss Tutty Bole Balaustines and other things that dry and are not acrimonious when there is a great Corrosion but they ought to be finely powdered least they should cause Pain Oyls and Oyntments may be also applied as Oyntment of Roses Populeum of the Mucilages of Yolks of Eggs and Oyl of Roses and the like to asswage the Pain and Inflammation Lastly when the Disease is violent Narcoticks must be used inwardly and outwardly Laudanum Opiatum is best whereof three or four grains may be given with Mastich or sealed Earth or mixt with a Glister made of a Decoction of Camomil Flowers CHAP. LXXIX Of Worms THe Worms are generated in various Parts of the Body yet because that is very seldom and they most frequently abound in the Guts therefore we shall treat only of these The Signs of Worms in the Bowels are various
the following are most frequent and ordinary a stinking Breath and Excrements like Cow-dung There are other Signs but they are not so common as a continual Feaver which has Exacerbations often in a Day with a cold Sweat Anxiety and sometimes with fainting Nauseousness Vomiting and great Thirst the Pulse are unequal the Cheeks are red by turns or wax livid the Eyes shine the Nostrils itch the Teeth gnash there is a small dry Cough the Spittle is more than usual sometimes the Head is heavy there is a sleepy Disposition sometimes a Delirium and Convulsive Fits there is most commonly a pain in the Belly like a gnawing or Biting sometimes the Belly swells as in a Dropsie sometimes the Body wastes beyond Measure and sometimes there is an insatiable Appetite The Worms called Ascarides are known by a troublesome itching about the Fundament and they also often appear upon the Excrements To conclude Putrefaction of the Gums is also a Sign The Cure of Worms is to be directed to the Expulsion of them by purging Medicines that kill them and expel the Matter from whence they are generated Take of calcin'd Harts-horn three grains of Mercurius dulcis sprinkled with a drop of Oyl of Sulphur by the Bell grains fifteen of Diagridium grains nine of Cinnamon grains two of Spirit of Harts-horn drops three mingle them make a Powder to be taken in the Pap of an Apple once a Week Take of Spirit of Harts-horn half a dram give ten drops at Bed-time after Purging thrice Or Take of the Roots of Virginian Snake-weed one Scruple of Harts-horn calcin'd and of Coraline each half a Scruple mingle them make a Powder to be divided into three Doses give one Morning and Evening in a small Draught of the white Decoction Take of Aloes and Mirrh each one dram and an half with a sufficient quantity of Venice-Treacle and Oyl of Wormwood make a Plaister for the Region of the Navel For broad Worms and Ascarides make a Glister of bitter things with Catharticks and repeat it often till the impurity from whence the Worms are generated is evacuated Horatius Augenus mentions an Observation of a Man about twenty six Years of Age that grew extreamly hungry so that nothing would allay his Appetite at length he voided a Worm twenty five Cubits long and recovered a moderate Appetite he cured him by the following Medicines he gave him a pint and an half of fresh Oyl of sweet Almonds divided into four Doses to be taken a quarter of an hours distance one from another just before Dinner he gave him two Bolusses made of a dram of Hiera Picra and one Scruple of Rubarb and presently after ordered him to take six ounces of a Decoction of Sebestines and before Supper he injected a Glister made of a quart of Goats-milk and gave him a dram and an half of the Pill of Aloes not washed CHAP. LXXX Of an immoderate Flux of the Hemorrhoides and of the Pain of them AN immoderate Flux of the Hemorrhoides is very dangerous and occasions other dangerous Diseases viz. Weakness of the whole Body a Consumption Cachexy and Dropsie The same Remedies are good for the Cure which were prescribed for Bleeding at the Nose The Hemorrhoidal Veins ending in the Extremity of the right Gut and Fundament are often swelled whereby much Pain is often occasioned As to the Cure first Blood must be drawn from the Arm that Revulsion may be made from the part affected which being sufficiently peformed a Vein in the Foot must be opened for Derivation The Belly must be kept continually open because hard Excrements and straining to evacuate them exasperate the Pain an Infusion of Cassia taken Morning and Eve is very good to loosen the Belly Take of the Leaves of Lettice and Purslain and the Tops of Mallows each one handful of Liquorish rasped and of Raisins of the Sun ston'd each half an ounce of the flowers of Bugloss and Borrage and of Violets each one Pugil boil them to eight ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve of Cassia fresh extracted one ounce strain them and clarifie them and add to them one ounce of Syrup of Violets In the mean while various Topicks are to be applied to the Part to asswage the Pain and Inflammation and to discuss the Tumour Oyl of sweet Almonds fresh drawn applyed to the Part eases the Pain and several Liniments and Oyntments may be prescribed for the same Purpose whereof some ease the Pain others dicuss and dry and others heat the Ulcers they are to be applyed with Lint or Cotton Take one Yolk of an Egg of Oyl of Roses or of Violets as much as is sufficient make a Liniment and if you add to it Populeum Oyntment 't will be more effectual to ease Pain and when the Pain is very violent a few grains of Opium may be added to it Or Take of the Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium and of Faenugreek extracted with Wine two drams of fresh Butter three ounces of Kid Suet one ounce stir them together in a Leaden Mortar make a Liniment Balsom of Sulphur made of the Flowers of Sulphur and Oyl of Turpentine is excellent to ease Pain and to discuss the Swellings and to cleanse the Ulcers a white Onion roasted under Ashes and mixt with fresh Butter like a Cataplasm eases the Pain and discusses the Swellings but if they cannot be easily resolved they must be opened after convenient Revulsions with a Knife or by Leeches CHAP. LXXXI Of the Jaundice THE Jaundice arises by the Consent of most from an Obstruction of the Gaul-bladder As to the Cure a Vomit at the beginning of the Jaundice whilst the Strength and Tone of the Bowels are firm does often good Take of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum half an ounce or six drams of Wine of Squils one ounce of simple Oxymel half an ounce make a Vomit Purging Medicines are to be used in this Disease whether it be new or old Take of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses six drams of Rubarb one dram of Salt of Wormwood and Cream of Tartar each half a Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Rubarb make a Purging Bolus to be taken in the Morning Or Take of the Pill Ruffi one scruple of extract of Rudius half a scruple make four Pills take them in a Morning and repeat them four or five Days afterwards once a Week Take of Elixir Proprietatis one ounce let him take twenty Drops in a glass of Wite-wine every day in the Morning and at five in the Evening Or Take of Madder and Turmerick each one ounce of all the greater Celandine and of the Tops of the lesser Centaury each one handful boil them in equal parts of Rhenish-wine and fountain-Fountain-water to a quart in the strained Liquor dissolve two ounces of the five opening Roots let him take half a Pint Morning and Evening hot till he is well Silvius much commends a Decoction of Hemp-seed and Soap dissolved our common Remedy
pound of the Ashes of Broom to be infused in the cold in three Pints of Rhenish-wine and that a Pugil or two of the Leaves of common Wormwood be added to it let the Sick take four ounces of the Liquor filtrated daily in the Morning at five in the Evening and late at Night till the Swelling goes off with which Remedy alone I have known some Dropsies that were accounted deplorable cured in such whose weak Constitution could not bear Purging But to come to the second Intention half the Business is no more than done when the Water is evacuated wherefore we must endeavour to strengthen the Blood by a long and daily Course of heating and strengthening Medicines to prevent a new Collection of Water and to this end the Sick must drink Wine whilst he is under Cure after the Passages are open for the Water to go out or instead of Wine strong Beer For poor People who could not provide better Medicines I use to order Srong-beer wherein Horse-radish Root the Leaves of common Wormwood Garden Scurvy-grass Sage the lesser Centaury and the Tops of Broom have been infused for their ordinary Drink Rich People may use Canary-wine wherein the same bitter Herbs have been infused whereof a small draught may be taken twice or thrice a day or they may take nine spoonfuls of Wormwood-wine instead of it after two drams of the following Digestive Electuary in the Morning at four in the Afternoon and at Bed-time Take of Conserve of Garden Scurvy-grass one ounce and an half of the Conserve of Roman Wormwood and of the yellow Rind of Oranges each one ounce of candied Angelica and Nutmegs candied each half an ounce of Venice Treacle three drams of the compound Powder of Wake-robin two drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Oranges make an Electuary The Sick must be sure to drink sparingly of small Liquors but to take off his Thirst he may often wash his Mouth with cold Water sharpened with Spirit of Vitriol and he may hold Tamarinds in his Mouth now and then or may chew a Lemon but he must swallow neither of them But amongst corroborating things Steel is not the least Garlick is also very good and without any Evacuatious I have known a Dropsie cured by it Take of Syrup of Steel a quart let a spoonful be taken with fifteen grains of Cream of Tartar every Morning in five spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of Aqua-lactis Alexiter one Pint of compound Water of Wormwood and of compound Water of Gentian each three ounces mingle them make a Julep Take of Steel prepared with Sulphur of astringent Saffron of Mars each half an ounce of Crabs-eyes and red Coral prepared and of Salt of Wormwood each one dram of Volatile Salt of Amber one scruple of Extract of Gentian a sufficient quantity mingle them make ten Pills of every dram let him take four every Night at Bed-time 'T is to be noted that that Dropsie which only swells the the Legs or the Belly a little does not presently require to be cured by Vomiting and Purging for it 's often removed by the heating and strengthning Medicines above mentioned but above all 't is to be minded that when we undertake to cure this Disease by Corroboratives or Lixivial Medicines the Patient must by no means be purged Topical or external Remedies as far as I have observed do nothing considerable and Blisters often occasion a Gangrene To conclude though this Disease when it comes to a Dropsie of the Belly has been always accounted desperate yet it will appear that if it be treated according to the Method above described it may be as certainly cured if the Bowels are not corrupted as many other Diseases which are not reckoned so deadly CHAP LXXXIII Of a Timpany A Timpany is a fixt hard and equal Swelling of the Belly that sounds when 't is knock't upon with the Finger it proceeds from a Convulsive Inflation of the Bowels the Animal Spirits being obstructed in the Fibres it generally ends in a Dropsie Medicines do little good in this Disease yet they are not wholly to be rejected the following are prescribed by Dr. Willis Take of Peach-flowers and of Damask-roses each two pugils of the Flowers of Broom Elder and the lesser Centaury each one pugil of the Leaves of Agrimony and of Sea-wormwood each one handful of the best Senna one ounce of Rubarb six drams of the seeds of Bastard-saffron half an ounce of Dwarf-elder two drams of yellow-sanders three drams of the Roots of Galingal two drams cut them and bruise them and put them into a silken Bag and hang them in a Glass-bottle and pour upon them a quart of White-wine and a pint of saxifrage-Saxifrage-water and put into the Bottle a dram and an half of Salt of Tartar let them infuse forty eight Hours and then take four or six ounces every third or fourth Day The following has been used with Success in this Disease in a hot Constitution Take of purging-purging-waters four quarts of Salt of Wormwood two drams evaporate a quart over a gentle Heat and to these I used to add of the Water distilled from Wine with Catharticks four ounces the dose is four or six ounces Or to the purging-Purging-water evaporated to a quart add the Roots of Mecoacan and Tuâ—bith each half an ounce of Rubarb six drams of yellow-sanders two drams of Cloves one dram digest them hot in a close Vessel two hours filter them hot through Paper the dose is three or four ounces Glisters are often used in this Disease because they loosen the Belly without much provoking the Fibres Take of the Infusion of Stone-horse-dung with Camomil-flowers one pint of Mercurial-honey two ounces make a Glister Or Take of Vrine one pint of Sal-prunella one dram of Venice Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg one ounce and an half mingle them make a Glister Diureticks also seem proper Take of live Millepedes cleansed three ounces one Nutmeg sliced beat them together and pour upon them a Pint of the following diuretick-Diuretick-water strain out the Liquor hard the dose is three or four ounces twice a day Take of the green-berries of Juniper and Elder each six pounds of the Tops of Fir four pounds of green Wallnuts two pound of Winteran Bark four ounces of the yellow-Peel of six Oranges and four Lemons of the Seeds of Bishops-weed Rocket and Cresses each one ounce and an half of Dill two ounces cut them and bruise them and pour upon them four quarts of White-wine Posset-drink distill them in a common Still and mingle all the Waters Whilst these things are taken inwardly Topicks must be also applied not such things as are hot and discussing but those things which are indued with Particles of Volatile Salt and Nitre Take of the Flowers of Sal-armoniack one ounce of Sal-prunella two ounces of small Spirit of Wine a quart mingle them and dissolve them in a Bottle Flannels dipt in this are to be applied warm over
of Oranges each two ounces of the Winteran-Bark two drams of the Species Diacurcuma one dram and an half of Steel prepared with Sulphur three drams of Salt of Wormwood two drams of Syrup of the Bark of Curon a sufficient quantity make an Electuary the Dose is two drams in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon Chalybeats do often a great deal of good in this Disease Take of the compound Powder of the Roots of Wake-robin of the Winteran-bark each three drams of the Roots of the lesser Galingal and of Cubebs each one dram and an half of Steel prepared with Sulphur half an ounce of Sugar anthosated six drams make a Powder to be divided into twenty Parts give one Part every Morning and at five in the Afternoon Let him drink of the following Decoction instead of Beer Take of the Shavings of Guajacum and Sassafras each four ounces of the Roots of Florentine-orris of Sweet-smelling-flag the lesser Galingal and of Elecampane each one ounce and an half of the Berries of Juniper and Bayes each two ounces of the Seeds of Annise Carrawayes Sweet-fennel Coriander and Dill each one ounce of Long-pepper and Cubebs each one ounce and an half of Cloves Nutmegs and Ginger each half an ounce of Jamaica Pepper two ounces of the dried Leaves of Sharp-sage Wild-sage Calaminth Agrimony each one handful of Liquorish four ounces cut them and bruise them and boil them in four Gallons of fountain-Fountain-water till half is consumed keep the strained Liquor in Bottles for use Many have been cured by this Liquor CHAP. LXXXV Of the Scurvy IN the old Treatises of Physick there is so seldom mention made of the Scurvy and the Description of it is so small that some have doubted whether such a Disease that is now Endimial in many Places and Sporadick almost every where and wherewith almost every one is affected or thinks he is so did at all exist in ancient Times and some think its Rise is of a newer date as are the French-pox and Rickets but this Disease though it had other Names was observed by the Ancients and the Cure of it was described by them though not very exactly Many and various are the Symptoms of the Scurvy and sometimes such as are of a contrary Nature are imputed to it and if any unusual Accident happens to the Body that cannot be referred to any other certain kind of Disease we presently pronounce it Scorbutick And so this notorious Disease bears the Blame of all but many truly belong to it which arise in almost every part of the Body and therefore we will trace it from Head to Foot it occasions violent habitual wandering or periodick Head-achs sometimes a Dulness of the Spirits and Drowsiness sometimes Watchings Giddiness Convulsions Palsie much Spitting Ulcers of the Gums Loosness of the Teeth and a Stinking of the Breath About the Region of the Breast Pains in various parts of the Membranes and especially on the Breast-bone which are often very violent for many Nights and Days an Asthma difficult and unequal Breathing Constriction and Narrowness of the Breast a dry Cough an inordinate Pulse trembling of the Heart frequent Fainting and almost a continual Fear of it This Disease makes the lower Belly its principal Seat and occasions many Disorders there as Nauseousness Vomiting Wind a Cardialgia frequent Collicks and troublesome Pains running hither and thither a Loosness that is almost continual sometimes a Bloody-flux a Consumption and a Dropsie The Urine is often red with a Crust upon it or sticking to the Sides of the Pot and sometimes 't is pale and rendred in a great quantity in the outward Members and over the whole Body there are Wandring pains and oftentimes such as are violent especially in the Night also Spontaneous Lassitude a Wasting of the Flesh a weakness of the Limbs Spots of various colours upon the Skin Tumours Tubercles and ill Ulcers Numbness and Contraction of the Muscels Twitching of the Tendons Erratick Feavers and great Hemorrhagies These are the common and usual Symptoms of the Scurvy whereof sometimes more sometimes fewer sometimes this kind sometimes that kind afflict the Sick and sometimes unusual and prodgious Accidents happen As to the Cure Because it is not one simple preternatural Disorder but a Legion is to be combated with therefore the Method of Cure consists of many Indications that are variously complicated but yet they may be referred to these three Heads viz. They must be preservative to respect the Cause of the Diseases and curative that respect the Disease it self and its Symptoms And Lastly Vital which restore and defend the Strength of the Patient First The Sick must be purged and if there be a weight upon the Stomach a Vomit must be given and if the Patient be strong and lusty and used to bear Vomiting well the Vinum-benedictum may be given and the like But if the Sick be of a weakly Constitution you must give Wine of Squills or Gilla Theophrasti and the Sick must fill his Stomach with Posset-drink and force it up with his Finger or with a Feather As to Purging If the Sick be of a hot Constitution Medicines of Aloes and Diagridium must be avoided and such as are made of Senna and Rubarb must be given As Take of the Leavss of Senna one ounce of Rubarb six drams of Dodder of Thym three drams of the Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of English Rubarb dried each half an ounce of yellow Sanders two drams of Celtick Spike half a dram of Salt of Wormwood two drams cut them and bruise them and infuse them in a Matrass in the Heat of Sand with Whitewine and fumitory-Fumitory-water each a Pint for two days evaporate the clear Liquor strained in the gentle heat of a Bath to the Consistence of Hony then add of the Powder of the Leaves of Senna and of Rubarb each one dram and an half of the Species of the three Sanders one dram of Cream of Tartar one dram and an half make a Mass for Pills The Dose is from half a dram to a dram to be taken once a Week or oftner Or let the Infusion be evaporated to the Consistence of a Syrup adding towards the end of Manna strained and of White Sugar each two ounces make a Syrup The Dose is one or two Spoonfuls in a proper Vehicle They who are of a cold Constitution may take the following Pills Take of the Stomach-pill with Gums two drams of Rosin of Jalap grains twenty of Tartar vitriolated grains sixteen of Oyl of Juniper ten drops with a sufficient quantity of Ammoniacum dissolved in the Water of Worms make sixteen Pills let four be taken once a Week Take of the Roots of Sharp-pointed-dock of Polypody of the Oak of stinging-nettles and of Chervil each six drams of the Leaves of Hemp Agrimony and Speedwell each one handful of yellow and white Sanders each one dram of the Seeds of Bastard saffron one ounce of White-wine Tartar half an
ounce boil them in a quart of fountain-Fountain-water till half is consumed add a Pint of Rhenish-wine strain it presently and add to it half an ounce of the best Senna six drams of Rubarb half an ounce of the Leaves of Black-hellebore of the yellow Peel of Oranges two drams infuse it warm in a close Vessel twelve hours keep the strained Liquor in a Glass well stopped the dose is five or six drams After Purging once or twice if Bleeding be indicated you must bleed in the Arm or with Leeches After Bleeding many Remedies of another kind are necessary but that you may prescribe orderly you must consider whether the Preservatory Indications have only place here or whether some curatory Indications namely such as respect the Symptoms that are violent ought not to be minded between whiles But if there be no urgent Symptom you must wholly apply your self to the Cure according to the following Method And as to the Cure of the Symptoms we shall treat of them by themselves below Wherefore If your chief Design be to erradicate the Cause of the Scurvy digestive and Specifick or Antiscorbutick Remedies must be used at all times except on the Days the Sick purges whereunto if there be Occasion Diaphoreticks or Diureticks must be sometimes added Various Forms are prescribed by Authors every where to answer these Intensions but we will only mention the chiefest which according to the twofold Disposition of the scorbutick Cause viz. The Sulphurous Saline and the Salino sulphurean Discrassy of the Blood we will distinguish into two Classes And First Of the cold Scurvy Among Digestive Medicines Cream of Tartar Salt and Tincture of it Tartar vitriolated Elixir Proprietatis or either of these may be taken twice a day Or Take of the Winteran-Bark of Wood of Aloes of the Roots of the lesser Galingal each two drams of Cinnamon Cloves and Cubebs each one dram of the Seeds of Bishops Weed and Cresses each half a dram bruise them and pour upon them the following Menstruum three Fingers high digest them in a Matrass six days in Sand keep the strained Liquor in a Glass well stopeed The dose is twenty drops more or less in a Spoonful of Canary-wine or some proper Water twice a Day The Menstruum is made in the following manner Take of Spirit of Vitriol rectified six ounces of Spirit of Wine rectified sixteen ounces mingle them and distill it in a glass retort and Cohobat it thrice and keep it in a Glass well stopt for use Elixir Proprietatis is made easier and better by this Menstruum than by the common way Whilst these Remedies are given in a small quantity Morning and Evening Antiscorbutick Medicines of another kind may be taken which are generally prescribed in a double Form viz. Solid and Liquid to be taken together the Solid first and the Liquid presently after Take of the Conserves of Scurvy-grass and Roman Wormwood and of Fumitory each two ounces of the Powder of the Winteran-bark of the Roots of Angelica and of Wake-robin each two drams of the Species of the three Sanders one dram and an half of the Powder of Crabs-eyes one dram of Salt of Wormwood two drams with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of the Bark of Citron make an Electuary Take of the Conserves of the Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brook-lime made with an equal quantity of Sugar each three ounces of the Troches of Capers and of Rubarb each two drams of Salt of Wormwood and of Scurvy-grass each one dram of Ivory Powdered and Coral calcined each one dram with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup made of the Juice of Scurvy-grass make an Electuary I use to prescribe Conserves made of the yellow Peel of Lemons and Oranges of the Purple-flowers of the Ash of the Leaves and Flowers of Ladies-Smock of the Roots of sharp-pointed Dock and of English Rubarb made with an equal quantity of Sugar which I give by themselves or mixed with other Conserves or Species For Country and poor People who desire Medicines that are cheap and easily prepared I prescribe after this manner Take of the Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brook-lime each four ounces of white Sugar eight ounces beat them together in a Mortar and add to them of the Powder of the Winteran-bark half an ounce of Tartar calcined with Niter three drams with a sufficient quantity of Spanish-wine make an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Wallnut twice a day drinking upon it some proper Liquor Take of the Leaves of Scurvy-grass one pound of Raisins of the Sun stoned and of White Sugar each half a pound of the Lees of the Root of Horse-radish two ounces beat them together and reduce them to the Form of an Electuary In some scorbutical cases where the use of Steel is indicated three drams of Steel prepared with Sulphur or two drams of Vitriol of Mars may be mixed with any of the Electuaries After the taking of the Medicine once or twice a day the Body must be exercised Take of the compound Powder of Wake-robin one ounce and an half of Winteran-bark half an ounce of Cubebs grains of Paradise and Cardamoms each two drams of Salt of Wormwood three drams of Tablets of Oranges three ounces make a Powder The dose is one dram in some proper liquor For Delicate People the following Tablets may be prescribed Take of the Powder of the Winteran-bark and of Crabs-eyes each one dram and an half of Pearles powdered half a dram of white-sugar dissolved in a sufficient quantity of the Water of Worms and boiled to Tablets six ounces of Spirit of Scurvy-grass two drams make Tablets each weighing half a dram let two be taken twice a day drinking upon them some proper Liquor Tablets of Oranges are made in the following manner Take of Orange Lemmon and Citron peel candied each one ounce of Eryngo-roots candied half an ounce of Pine and Pistach-nuts each twenty of sweet Almonds blanched number ten of Annise-seeds powdered half an ounce of Ginger candied two drams of the Species Aromatick Rosat and of Nutmegs each one dram and an half of the Roots of Galingal one dram of Cloves number ten of Ambar-grease grains four of Musk and Civet each grains two of White-sugar dissolved in rose-Rose-water and boiled to Tablets one pound and an half and so make Tablets Antiscorbutick Wines and Beers Take of the Leaves of Scurvy-grass four handfuls of Horse-radish-root rasped four ounces of Winteran-bark bruised half an ounce of the yellow peel of four Oranges and as many Lemmons put them into a glass and pour upon them six quarts of Rhenish-wine keep the Glass close stopt in a cold place let a quarter of a pint be taken Morning and Evening and at dinner-time daily and pour off the Wine clear when you use it But medicated Beer is more common for the Scurvy to be drank constantly for ordinary Drink Provide four Gallons of Ale and instead of Hops boil in it four handfuls of the tops of
Pine or of Fir when it has done Working in the Vessels put in four handfuls of Scurvy-grass four ounces of the Roots of Sharp-pointed Dack and the Peels of four Oranges when it has stood a Week and is clear it may be drank for ordinary Drink Diet-drinks do a great deal of good in the Scurvy because they being continually taken with Meat they alter the Blood But in some Scorbutical cases and in a hot Scurvy Scurvy-grass Horse-radish and the Winteran-bark and other acrid things such as abound with Volatile-salt are sometimes injurious wherefore when the Morbisick Discrasie of the Blood is hot temperate Medicines are indicated Take of Conserves of Brook-lime and Ladies-Smock made with an equal quantity of Sugar each three ounces of the Species of the three Sanders of Diarrhodon Abbatis each one dram and an half of Ivory powdered one dram of Pearls half a dram of Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisck each one dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Coral make an Electuary Take of the Conserves of Wood-sorrel and of Hips each three ounces or of the Conserve of the Roots of Sharp-pointed Dock and of the Roots of Succory each three ounces of the Troches of Rubarb two drams of the Species Diamargarite frigid one dram and an half of the Bark of Tamarisck one dram of Sal-prunella one dram and an half of Mirobalans candied number two with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of candied Mirobalans meke an Electuary For the Poor I used to prescribe the following Electuary Take of the Leaves of Brook-lime six ounces of Wood-sorrel two ounces of White-sugar eight ounces bruise them and add to them half an ounce of the Flower of the Seeds of sweet Fennel of Ivory powdered two drams of Sal-prunuella one dram and an half with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of the Juice of Brook-lime make an Electuary Take of the Powder of the Leaves of Ground-pine of the compound Powder of Wake-robin each one ounce and an half of Ivory powdered and of red Coral prepared with the Juice of Oranges each two drams of the Tablet of of Oranges two ounces The Dose is one Spoonful twice a Day Take of the Species of the three Sanders of Diamargarite frigid each one dram and an half of Pearls powdered Red-coral prepared and of Ivory powdered each one dram of Sugar dissolved in scordium-Scordium-water and boiled to Tablets six ounces make Tablets But if Chalybeats are to be mixed with these temperate Antiscorbuticks two or three drams of Crocus Martis or the like may be added to the Electuaries But it is often best to take Calybeats in Liquors Wines and mediated Beers Although the use of Wines in the Scurvy caused by reason of the Heat and sulpherous Saline Discrasie of the Blood are not very convenient nevertheless when the Weakness of the Stomach or Custom at least requires Wine mixed it with Water Such a Liquor that is temperated and medicated may be prepared In the first place Small Wines mixed with Water and those that are impregnated with the Infusion of Baulm Borrage and Burnet may be allowed Moreover Wines may be prepared of the Juice of Currants of Cherries and of Garden-fruits which may be ripened by Fermentation and are very grateful to the Stomach and purifie the Blood Syder is also very good if it be clear and not sharp Moreover many ingredients may be put into clear Syder as the Tops of Pine or of Fir the Flowers of Tamarisck the Raspings of Ivory or Harts-horn which sweeten and preserve the Liquor Temperate medicated Diet-drinks may be prescribed in the following Manner Provide six Gallons of Small Ale and instead of Hops boil the Tops of Pine or Tamarisck in it or the Raspings of the Wood of either of them and when it has done working put into a Bag sharp-pointed Dock dried which is an excellent Medicine for the Scurvy also the Leaves of Water-cresses or Brook-lime and Bank-cresses also Citrons or Oranges cut in Slices and hanged in Vessels Hitherto we have treated about the Removal of the Morbisick cause but when the Symptoms are very violent they require a peculiar Method of Cure And First Difficulty of Breathing with Narrowness of the Breast and Asthmatical Fits must be taken off by Medicines proper for the Symptom Elixir Proprietatis is of excellent use in this Case Pain of the Stomach Nauseousness Belching and Vomiting must be cured by a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squils or of Salt of Vitriol or the Patient must be purged with an Infusion of Rubarb with Salt or Cream of Tartar added to it Elixir Proprietatis is also good in this Case The Collick and Gripes must be cured by Glisters Opiats and testaceous Powders Take of the Powder of Crabs-eyes and of Egg-shells each one dram and an half of Pearls one dram make a Powder to be divided into twelve Doses whereof one must be taken every sixth hour in some Antiscorbutical-water And in this case Epsom and Barnet-waters do a great deal of Good An inveterate Diarrhea which frequently happens to Scorbutical People must not be stopt by astringent Medicines nor is it easily cured by Alteratives and Antiscorbuticks Tunbridge-waters and the like are of excellent use in this case Chalybeat Medicines are also very good but Crocus Martis is the best I have used the following Method often with very good Success First The Sick must be purged with the Powder or Infusion of Rubarb with some astringent Aromaticks added to it and it must be repeated three or four days after On the days the Sick does not purge he must take Morning and Evening the quantity of a Nutmeg of the following Electuary Take of the Conserve of Roman-wormwood made with an equal quantity of Sugar six ounces in a hot Constitution Conserve of Roses may be used instead of it of Diarrhodon Abbatis two drams of white and red Sanders powdered each one dram of the best Saffron of Mars half an ounce with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Steel make an Electuary In a Bloody-flux and Tenesmus the like Method is to be used especially tunbridge-Tunbridge-waters or the like Moreover Glisters made of Vulnerary Decoctions must be often injected I lately cured a Man of a long Disentery who daily voided many Ounces of Blood by the following Remedy Take of the best Rubarb powdered two drams of Cinnamon one dram of Crocus Martis three drams make Pills with a sufficient quantity of Lucatellus's Balsam He took four sometimes every day sometimes every other day for the space of a Fortnight and was perfectly cured But he constantly drank a medicated Beer made of the Roots of Sharp-pointed Docks and of the Leaves of Brook-lime A Vertigo often comes upon an inveterate Scurvy as also frequent Swoonings and Numbness in the Limbs they are very difficultly cured by reason they are produced by a Scorbutick Salt obstructing the Brain and Nerves Cephalick Medicines such as are proper in the Vertigo and Paralitick Distempers which come of themselves
mixed with Antiscorbuticks are to be given Therefore the Body being cleansed by Catharticks which are proper in the Scurvy you may proceed with Medicines proper to cure these Diseases after this manner In the beginning of the Cure the Hemorrhoids are to be opened by the Application of Leeches and this ought to be often repeated unless something contraindicate Take of the Roots of Male-peony half an ounce of red Coraâ— prepared two drams of Man's Skull and Elks-hoof each one dram take of fine Sugar dissolved in peony-Peony-water compound or the compound Water of Horse-radish and boiled to Tablets eight ounces of the best Oyl of Ambaâ— rectified half a dram make Tablets A dram and an half or two drams of them may be taken Morning and Night drinking upon them a draught of the following distilled water Take of the Leaves of Scurvy-grass Brook-lime Lillies of the Valley Sage Rosemary Bettony each three handfulâ— of green Wallnuts one pound the Peels of six Oranges and of four Lemmons the Roots of Male-peony green â— Pound and an half after they are bruised and sliced pour upon them of Flegm of Vitriol one pound of Who made with Syder five Pints distil them after the common manner mix all the Liquor together The Dose is three or four ounces Fluxes of Blood often threaten great Danger in the Scurvy therefore these Fluxes whether they be too great or from an inconvenient place ought to be stop for the present and guarded against for the future The common Method of stopping Blood when it flows immoderately is generally known and there is no peculiar thing more to be done on this Occasion than what is usual in other Fluxes of Blood Nevertheless to hinder these Fluxes of blood Remedies must be used which sweeten the Blood and contract the Orifices of the Vessels which are too lax and open Both these Intentions are excellently performed by Steel Medicines Take of the Conserve of red Roses and of Hips each three ounces of the Species Diarrhodon Abbatis of the three Sanders each a dram and an half of Salt of Steel one dram of Saffron of Mars two drams of red Coraâ— prepared one dram and an half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Steel make an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg three times a day drinking upon it a Draught of some proper Liquor For the Poor you may prescribe after this manner Take of the Tops of Cypress and of stinging Nettles each four ounces of Brook-lime two ounces beat them in a Mortar with ten ounces of white Sugar afterwards add Filings of Steel finely powdered one ounce of white and red Sanders powdered each two drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup made of the Juice of Nettles make an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Wallnut twice a day When the Scurvy does infect the inward Parts of the Mouth as when the Gums begin to swell and their Flesh grows spungy Medicines are presently to be used that resist Putrefaction Liquors to wash the Mouth and Liniments are of great use both at the beginning and height of this Distemper and as they respect various Intentions so they are to be prepared after divers manners Gargarisms or Waters for the Mouth are of divers kinds which are all made for the most part of the Decoctions of Vegetables or the Infusion of Minerals The Herbs and Roots which are boiled in a proper Liquor viz. Water or Wine are for the most part sharp bitter or stiptick Afterwards these Decoctions are impregnated with a Salt either volatile lixivial vitriolick or chalybeat and aluminous When the Gums are swelled and become spungy a Gargarism may be prescribed after this manner Take of the Bark of Elder and of Elm each half an handful of the leaves of Savory Sage Hedge-mustard and Cresses each one handful of the Roots of Pepper-wort two drams After they are cut and bruised boil them in three pints of Lime-water to the Consumption of the third part make a Gargarism it may be sweetned with two ounces of Honey of Roses Liniments may be also prescribed for the same purpose they are most properly applied at Night The following is greatly commended by Authors Take of the Powder of the Leaves of Columbines of curled Mint Sage Nutmeg Mirrh which is sometimes left out each two drams of Burnt-alum half an ounce of Virgin-honey a sufficient quantity make a Liniment If the Flesh of the Gums be dried and falls off from the Roots of the Teeth light Scarification is often used the Mouth also is to be washed with this Decoction Take of the Tops of Madder Cypress of the Leaves of Sanicle Ladies-smock each one handful boil them in three pints of Water wherein hot Iron hath been quenched to the Consumption of a third part add to the strained Liquor two ounces of Honey of Roses mingle them When the Gums are putrified and corrupted and the Teeth being carious and loose stink stronger Medicines and such as greatly resist Putrefaction are to be used The Infusion of Vitriol camphorated and of Lapis medicamentosus is very effectual in this case If deep and putrid Ulcers afflict the Gums or any other part of the Mouth strong Remedies must be often used also Cotton dipt in Aegyptiacum dissoloved in Spirit or in the Infusion of Lapis Medicamentosus or sublimate must be sometimes applied to the part affected Scorbutick People are also oftentimes afflicted with Pains in the Legs and in other Joints especially in the Night-time for the removing of which Pains which are sometimes very violent besides the general Method of curing the Scurvy Specifick Remedies are to be used Therefore in such a case Purging having been rightly performed and Bleeding if there be occasion for it Medicines both external and internal must be used As to the First Those that evacuate by Sweat and by Urine are oft-times very effectual Testaceous Powders Crabs-eyes the Jaw of a Pike the Spirit and Flowers of Sal-Armoniack Spirit of Blood Tincture of Antimony and of Coral Decoctions of the Roots and Seeds of Burdock Ground-pine and Germander are very proper and such like Remedies may be taken twice or thrice a day â—n distilled antiscorbutick-waters The distilled water of Horse-dung with Scurvy-grass Brook-lime and Ground-â—ine and the like may be conveniently used In the mean time Fomentations Liniments Cataplasms and â—uch like Applications must be applied to ease the Pain For a Scorbutical Gout Henricus Petreus mentions â—wo Remedies which are frequently used in Westâ—halia Take nine Worms beat them in a Mortar with two spoonfuls of Wine press it through a Cloth and add to it half a Measure of Wine let three spoonfuls of it be taken in the Morning at Noon and in the Evening for many days The other is as follows Take of Savin two or three Branches of Virgin-honey two spoonfuls boil them in a measure of Wine till the Wine sink two Fingers let four or five spoonfuls of the strained Liquor be taken thrice
a day Certainly the Magisterial-water of Worms of the London Dispensatory is very beneficial in this Disease so are the Spirit and Salt of Harts-horn Spirit of Blood Flowers of Sal-armoniack which I have often used with good Success Moreover Testaceous Powders as Crabs-eyes Coral Pearls and Vegetables which are counted good for the Gout as the Roots of Birth-wort the Leaves of Ground-pine and Germander and the like mixed with Antiscorbuticks conduce to the Cure of this Disease Oyl of Worms of Frogs and Toads are often useful to ease the Pain I have been told by a worthy Man that the Water drawn from what is contained in the Stomach of an Ox newly killed by Distillation and applied hot with Cloaths gives certainly ease For Convulsive and Paralitick Diseases occasioned by the Scurvy Remedies proper for them must be mixed with Antiscorbuticks For a Consumption and a Feaver ocasioned by the Scurvy gentle Catharticks Digestives and things that corroborate must be used And because they often arise from a scirrhous Tumour in the Stomach or Parts thereabouts things that open Obstructions are to be used as Tunbridge-waters and the like Moreover Fomentations Liniments and Plaisters must be outwardly applyed Asses or Cows-milk diluted with Barly-water or with some proper distilled-water is often good so is Broth made of Snails and Snails boiled in Milk Moreover Distilled waters of Milk or Whey with Snails and Antiscorbutick Herbs do a great deal of Good in this Case And for the Feaver the following Medicines may be used with a thin Diet Take of the Raspings of Harts-horn and Ivory each two drams and an half of Eryngo Roots candied six drams of the Roots of Chervil Dandelyon each half an ounce of the Leaves of Harts-tongue Liverwort each one handful one Apple sliced of Raisins one handful boil them in four Pints of fountain-Fountain-water to the Consumption of a third part pour the strained Liquor upon two handfuls of Brook-lime and a dram and an half of Sal-prunella or of Nitre fixed one dram let them infuse for the Space of three Hours four or six ounces of it may be taken three times a day Take of the Leaves of Brook-lime four handfuls of Wood-sorrel of the Herb and Root of Dandelyon each two handfuls of Snails cleansed one pound and an half the Peels of two Oranges After they are bruised and cut pour upon them six Pints of new Milk or Whey made with Syder or of the fresh Juice of Apples distill them after the common Way Three ounces may be taken twice or thrice a day A Scorbutical Rhumatism must be cured by Purging but especially by Bleeding and repeated sometimes according to the Strength of the Patient Diureticks and Diaphoreticks must be also used and four or six ounces of the Infusion of Horse-dung in Wine or Ale may be taken twice or thrice a day on the Days the Sick does not purge Spirit of Harts-horn or of Blood is also very good in this case A Scorbutical Dropsie arising from an evident Cause or occasionally is often cured wherefore if the Sick cannot sleep Opiats must be given and Purging must be repeated at due distances according to the Strength of the Patient and Glisters must be often injected to keep the Body loose Take of Mercurius Dulcis one Scruple of Rosin of Jalap five or ten grains of Cloves half a Scruple mix them and give it in a spoonful of Panado At other Times Diureticks and sometimes Diaphoreticks must be given Take of Tincture of Salt of Tartar impregnated with the Tincture of Millepedes as much as you please Give a Scruple or two Scruples twice a day in some proper Liquor Take of the Spirit of Sal-armoniack what quantity you please The Dose is fifteen drops Take of Mille pedes prepared three drams of Salt of Tartar two drams of Nutmegs one dram mix them make a Powder The Dose is half a dram twice a day with some proper Liquor Or Take of dried Bees powdered two drams of the Seeds of Bishops-weed powdered one dram of Oyl of Juniper one scruple of Turpentine a sufficient quantity for a Mass of Pills The Dose is one scruple or half a dram to be taken twice a day drinking upon it three or four ounces of the following Water Take of the Leaves of both the Scurvy-grasses of Water-cresses of Pepper-wort and Arsmart each three handfuls of the Roots of Wake-robin Briony and Florentine-orris each four ounces of the middle Bark of Elder two handfuls of the Winteran-bark two ounces of the yellow Peel of four Oranges and three Lemmons and of fresh Juniper-berries four ounces cut them and bruise them and pour upon them two quarts of Rhenish-wine and of the Wine made of the Juice of Elder-berries one quart Distill them in a common Still and mix the Waters The Dose is three or four ounces twice a day after a Dose of any of the Medicines above prescribed There remains one Symptom that comes though rarely upon the Scurvy viz. A crackling of the Bones but the Cure of it is not yet known An orderly Diet is of great moment in the Cure of the Scurvy The Sick must only eat Meat of easy Digestion he must avoid thick and clammy Meat and such as are smoaked and Pulse Milk-meats unripe Fruit and things that are sugared for the Scurvy has increased wonderfully of late by the immoderate use of Sugar Their Drink must be middling mild Beer that is clear and medicated with Antiscorbuticks Exercise and Labour are so beneficial in the Scurvy that many have been cured by them alone An Air moderately hot and dry thin and pure should be chosen CHAP. LXXXV Of the Stone in the Kidneys and of the Nephritick Pain THE Nephritick Pain is called that whick afflicts the Reins and Ureters The cause of this Pain is various but the most frequent is a Stone or gross Flegm The less frequent causes are Clods of Blood thrust into the Ureters or thick Matter conveyed from the Reins or other Parts into the Ureters The diagnostick Signs of the Stone The first Sign is a fixed Pain about the Region of the Loins the second is bloody Urine the third thin and little Water at the Beginning of the Fit which is sometimes succeeded by a total Suppression of Urine if both the Ureters be obstructed the fourth is the frequent voiding of Sand and little Stones the fifth is a Numbness of the Legs the Sixth is the drawing up of the Stones the seventh is Nauseousness and Vomiting The Cure of the Nephritick Pain and Stone sticking in the Reins and Ureters is peformed by dilating the Passages by the Explosion of the Stone or any other Matter which causes Pain and also by removing the antecedent Cause and mitigating the Pain to the which Indications the following Remedies answer Take of the carminative Decoction for a Glister ten ounces of the Electuary of Laurel-berries of the Electuary of Juice of Roses each three drams of Venice-turpentine dissolved in the Yolk of
the Sick bends towards the well Side the Motion of Nature must be furthered by applying Cataplasms made of emollient Roots and Herbs of the Seeds of Flax and of the Flowers of Camomil to which being boiled bruised and pulped Meals Butter Grease and proper Oyls must be added whereby unless the Abscess break and cleanse it self by Urine the Matter breaks into the Cavity of the Belly upon which account sudden Death or an hectick Feaver follows Sometimes the Tumour swells outwards and then it must be opened by a Potential Cautery or with a Knife It also happens sometimes that the Tumours become Scirrhous the Feaver ceasing but the Pain continuing with a greater Sense of Weight and a Numbness of the neighbouring Parts which are most commonly incurable for the Sick falls into a Cachexy and Dropsie yet the Cure may be attempted by emollient inciding and digestive Medicines CHAP. LXXXIX Of Bloody Vrine BLood may be conveyed from many Parts to the Urinal Passages and be mixed with the Urine and so render it bloody but that rarely happens and we only discourse here of Diseases of the Reins and Bladder and of that bloody Urine which proceeds from the fault of those Parts The Blood flows from the Reins and Bladder as from all other Parts either by opening of the Vessells by a Rupture or a Solution of the Continuum but very rarely by reason of the Thinness of the Veins which carry Blood to these Places The most frequent causes are Fullness and Acrimony of the Blood and a Stone in the Kidneys a Fall or Blow the lifting or carrying of a great Weight violent Motion of the Body or the like When Blood flows from the Bladder it is little in quantity The Cure of this Disease must be varied according to the Variety of the Causes And first If it proceed from a great quantity or Acrimony of the Blood Bleeding must be used frequently but little must be taken away at a time and in this case Cupping glasses Frictions and Ligatures must be used to the upper Parts and Derivation must be made by bleeding in the Foot or by opening the Hemorrhoidal Veins When serous and Cholerick Humours promote this Evacuation they must be purged off by Catharticks used by Intervals Take of Rubarb a little torrified and powdered one dram of Coral prepared half a Scruple of the Whey of Goats-milk or of Plantane-water three ounces make a Potion Take of Cassia fresh drawn half an ounce of the Pulp of Tamarinds six drams of Bole-armonick half a Scruple with Sugar make a Bolus After due Revulsions and Evacuations or whilst they are used if there be occasion such things as restrain the Blood and heal the Veins must be given but they must not be presently used least the Blood should be stopt too soon and being thickned it should coagulate somewhere for this Purpose the Juice of Plantane fresh drawn is much commended four or five ounces of it being taken Morning and Evening which is also very proper in all Hemorrhagies but if it be too cold for the Stomach it may be boiled a little with Sugar Sheeps-milk is also much commended four ounces of it being taken with a dram of Bole-armenick but after takeing it the Sick must not sleep nor exercise himself Decoctions also of Knot-grass Horse-tail Purslain and of the Tops of Brambles sweetned with Syrup of Quinces or to qualifie the Heat of the Blood the following Apozem may be used Take of the Leaves of Lettice Purslain Plantane and Comfrey each one handful of the four greater and lesser cold Seeds each one dram of Jujubes three pair of Liquorish half an ounce of the Flowers of Water-lillies of Violets and of Roses each one Pugil make a Decoction to a Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve of Gum-tragacanth a dram and an half of Syrup of Violets and of dried Roses each one ounce and an half of Sal-prunella half an ounce of the Troches of Alkakengi without Opium half a dram make an Apozem for four Doses To thicken and restrain the Blood more powerfully we may add to it an ounce of Syrup of Poppies If the Disease be lasting an Electuary may be made in the following manner Take of the Conserves of Roses and of the Roots of Comfrey each two ounces of sealed Earth and Bole-Armenick of Dragons-blood red Coral Blood-stone and Troches of Ambar each one dram of Hypocistis grains of Kermes and of the Seeds of Plantane each one scruple with equal Parts of Syrup of Mirtles and of Poppies make an Electuary whereof let him take the quantity of a Walnut Morning and Evening drinking upon it a little Plantane-water Dr. Gordon's Troches are also reckoned excellent in this Case But because Clots of Blood are wont to be retained in the Bladder and to occasion violent Symptoms for the Dissolution of them it will be convenient to drink warm now and then Mallow-water mixed with a little Vinegar but the quantity of the Vinegar must be so small that it can scarce be tasted Outwardly Topicks must be applied to the Region of the Loins such as are proper to cool and bind the Reins Take of the Roots of Bristort and of Comfrey each one ounce of the Leaves of Plantane Purslain Shepherds-purse Knot-grass each one handful of the Flowers of Pomegranates half an ounce of the grains of Sumach and Mirtles and of Hypocistis each two drams of the Cups of Acorns and of yellow and red Sanders each one dram of red Roses three Pugils boil them in smith's-Smith's-water with a little Vinegar strain the Liquor and foment the Reins with it warm A Bath may be made of the same Decoction the quantity of it being increased Take of the Juice of Plantane and of Blood-wort each two ounces of Vinegar half an ounce of Omphacine Oyl one ounce boil them to the Consumption of the Juices then add of Dragons-blood Mastich and of Pomegranate-peel each two drams of Champhor half a dram of the Countesses Oynoment four ounces of Wax a sufficient quantity make a Liniment Anoint the Loins with it frequently at the time you use it mix a little Vinegar with it Leaden Plates with many holes in them worn upon the Reins are very proper When the Voiding of Blood proceeds from the Stone the following Method has been found very successful by Dr. Sydenham who was much troubled with the Gout the Stone in the Kidneys and a bloody Urine and I have also found it very successful I drank says he two ounces and a half of Manna dissolved in a quart of Whey swallowing now and then a little of the Juice of Lemmons while I was purging to quicken this Cathartick which used to work slowly and to render it more pleasant to the Stomach It can scarce be said how much Ease I received about the Region of the Reins by the use of this Remedy for though they did not always ach before yet they were affected with a heavy and troublesom Pain and
because it succeeded so well with me I took the same of a set day once a Week for some Months and after every Purge I plainly found my self better and could bear the shaking of a Coach when it went fast and was indeed wholly freed from this Symptom But it returning again some time after I took it twice a Week for three Weeks and afterwards only once a Week I continued this Method some Months on set Days and the Bleeding quite stopped The Diet that I observed is as follows In the Morning when I rise I drink a Dish of Tea at Dinner I moderately refresh my self with any sort of Meat of easie Digestion that I like a draught of small Beer is to me instead of a Supper and when I am in Bed I take another draught that by this Julep I may cool and dilute the hot and acrid Juices lodged in the Kidneys whereof the Stone is generated and I prefer at this time and at Dinner time small Beer that has Hopps in it before that which has none for though that which is not hopped is smoother and softer and so fitter to carry off the Stone from the Kidneys yet that which is hopped by reason of the stiptick Quality which the Hopps impart to it is not so apt to generate sandy and stony Matter as that which is not hopped the Substance whereof is more viscous and slimy I take care to go to Bed early especially in Winter and to prevent a bloody Urine I take care that as often as I have occasion to ride a long Way upon the Stones to drink a large draught of small Beer before I go and also before my Return if I be abroad a pretty while whereby I secure my self pretty well from bloody Urine CHAP. XC Of an Vlcer of the Reins and Bladder AN Ulcer is occasioned in the Reins and Bladder by three Causes first from an Abscess broken secondly from the Acrimony of the Humours and thirdly from a rough Stone and this is the most frequent and ordinary cause Among the Diagnostick Signs the first and chief is the voiding of Matter with Urine which continuing a while certainly shews an Ulcer in the urinary Passages but whither the Reins or the Bladder are affected with the Ulcer may be known by the Situation of the Pain as whether it be in the Region of the Loins or in the Pubis or Perinaeum Moreover Matter proceeding from the Reins is better concocted is white light and not at all stinking because the Parenchyma of the Reins being fleshy concocts better and the Matter is also in a greater quantity and more mixt with the Urine which looks like Milk along while after voiding it the Matter is seperated from it and falls to the Bottom of the Chamber-pot But Purulent Matter flowing from the Bladder is little and not much mixed with the Urine nor so concocted but crude variegated and stinks much for the Part having little Heat cannot sufficiently concoct the Matter but from the Neck of the Bladder or from the urinal Passage pure Matter without Urine is often voided Moreover In an Ulcer of the Bladder or of its Neck there is a continual Heat of Urine and a continual Pain in the part which is not so in an Ulcer of the Reins for in that Ulcer the Heat of Urine and Pain cease sometimes When the Ulcer is deep Blood sometimes flows out plentifully which is difficultly stopt and often small pieces of the Parts are voided with the Blood and Matter viz. most commonly small Caruncles from the Reins sometimes they are larger and passing difficultly through the Ureters they occasion a Nephritick Pain but from the Bladder small Scales or small Membranous Skins flow like Bran. And lastly In a long and callous Ulcer of the Bladder a mucous Flegm is produced As to the Prognostick these Ulcers are very difficultly cured because there is a perpetual Flux of Humours to the Part for though the Serum of its own Nature is cleansing yet when it is infected with other qualities it is not so and when acrid and salt Humours are mixed with it â—hey occasion Ulcers or further them Fresh Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder may be cured but when they are inveterate they are incurable In old Men they can never be cured in young Men they may sometimes but with great Difficulty Ulcers that are occasioned by the Stone cannot be cured till the Stone is extracted The Pain and other Symptoms which accompany these Ulcers occasion Watchings and waste the Body and at length the Sick is brought into a Cachexy and Consumption The Cure of the Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder as of all other Ulcers is performed by cleansing drying and consolidating Medicines To which end the following things may be used And First if there be a Plethora or an Inflammation of the Part Bleeding must be ordered first in the Arm and afterwards in the Foot Afterwards Purging must be prescribed frequently that the vitious Humours abounding in the whole Body and flowing to the Part affected may be evacuated but only gentle and lenitive Medicines must be ordered as Cassia Manna Syrup of Roses Rubarb and Agarick reduced to a Bolus or some other solid Form because in a liquid Form they easily run to the Urinary Passage and so increase the Acrimony The following Electuary may be prescribed Take of Polypody of the Oak and of Liquorish rasped each half an ounce of the four greater Cold Seeds each one dram of the Flowers of Violets and Borrage each half a pugil of Jujubes six pair of Damask Prunes three pair of Raisins half an ounce of Senna cleansed two ounces and an half infuse them a Night in Barley-water boil them in the Morning and strain them afterwards dissolve an ounce and an half of Manna in a sufficient quantity of the Decoction strain it again add to it three ounces of Cassia fresh drawn boil them to the Consistence of an Electuary adding at last half an ounce of Rubarb powdered The Dose is one ounce once a Week two Hours before eating Or Take of Cassia two ounces of Manna one ounce and an half of the Pulp of Sebestines and Tamarinds each one ounce of the Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium six drams of the four greater cold Seeds each one dram of Juice of Liquorish two drams with Syrup of Roses solutive make an Electuary If you add Mercurius Dulcis to the Electuaries above mentioned it will succeed the better for it is of great Vertue to cleanse and heal all inward and outward Vlcers Among Purgers Turpentine is reckoned and is much commended in this case because it loosens the Belly and cleanses the Ulcer half an ounce of it washed in Plantane water must be given in Powder of Liquorish but it is chiefly to be used when the Urine is very mucous and thick Vomiting is much commended by many whereof some provoke it before Meals with warm water and Oyl with which only Remedy
often repeated they say this Disease has been cured But it is to be noted that Vomiting must be only used in those that vomit easily for violent Vomiting irritates the Ulcer After due Evacuations and Revulsions we must come to the use of such things as cleanse the chief of which are Whey drank in a great quantity in the Morning and small Mead whereof also six or eight ounces may be taken in a Morning and it may be used for the ordinary Drink A Decoction of Barley with Liquorish and Sugar may be used in the same manner If Mead be thought too hot the greater cold Seeds or the Roots of Liquorish and the Tops of Mallows may be boiled in it Asses-milk also does not only cleanse but it also consolidates but it must not be given when there is a Feaver or the following Decoction may be used Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows half an ounce of the Leaves of Plantane Agrimony Maiden-hair and the Tops of Mallows each one handful of the Seeds of Mallows and of Mellons with the Barks bruised each half an ounce of the grains of Alkakengi six drams of Liquorish rasped one ounce of whole Barley one pugil boil them to a quart in the strained Liquor dissolve of Honey of Roses three ounces of Sugar-candy two ounces make a Julep whereof take eight ounces in a Morning for ten Days Those things which are given for Diseases of the Reins and Bladder must be prescribed in a large quantity for otherwise their Vertues will not reach the Parts affected But instead of all Barnet or epsom-Epsom-water or Tunbridge-waters may be used for by the long use of them the hot Intemperies will be corrected and the Ulcers cleansed and cured Some commend to dry up the Ichor and to cleanse and heal internal Ulcers especially in Patients of a Flegmatick Constitution and for such as have been at any Time infected with the French Pox and when there is no Feaver nor Flux of Blood a sudorifick Decoction made of China Sarsa-parilla Sassafras or of Guajacum to be taken for thirty Days or more and that the second Decoction should be used for ordinary Drink with a thin and drying Diet. In the mean time least the Bowels should be too much inflamed by the use of this Decoction they may be qualified by cooling Broths given about the Evening and by anointing the Reins with cooling Oyntments But the following Decoction is safer and more successful in every case Take of the Roots of Sarsaparilla three ounces of Lignum Lentiscinum two ounces of Sassafras one ounce of the Raspings of Ivory and Harts-horn each six ounces of Jujubes and Sebestines each half an ounce of Nephritick Wood four ounces of Barley cleansed two ounces infuse them twelve Hours in five pints of fountain-Fountain-water boil it to three for six Doses to be taken twice a Day Aromatise them with two drams of Cinnamon When the Ulcer is sufficiently cleansed which may be known for that the Matter is voided with the Urine in a lesser quantity and is white and does not stink at all Astringent things and such as heal must be given Take of Bole-Armenick of sealed Earth and of red Coral each three drams of Gum-Arabick and Tragacanth each half an ounce make Troches with agrimony-Agrimony-Water weighing each two drams one of them must be taken Morning and Evening with a Decoction of Comfry But Dr. Gordon's Troches are better than all the rest to cleanse and heal Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder and at the same time ease the Pain and take off the Heat of Urine two drams of them may be taken at a time in Mead or a Decoction of Barley when you design most to cleanse and in Goats or rather Sheeps Milk when you chiefly design to heal Consolidating Juleps may be made in the following manner Take of the Roots of Comfry two ounces of the Leaves of Plantane and Mouse-ear each one handful of the Tops of Mallows and Maiden-hair each half a handful of Liquorish rasped half an ounce of White-starch Gum-arabick Tragacanth and Bole-armenick each one dram of the Seeds of Lettice Purslain each one dram of the seeds of red Roses one pugil make a Decoction in rain-Rain-water to one Pint and an half in the strained Liquor dissolve four ounces of Sugar and two ounces of Penids make a Julep whereof let him take eight ounces in a Morning for ten or twelve Days The following Pills are also very good Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows and of Comfry dried of Gum-arabick and of the Gum of the Cherry-tree and Prune each one dram of Olybanum and Mirrh each four scruples of the Seeds of white Poppies and of Alkakengi each one dram and an half of Camphor two scruples powder them finely or with a third part of the Weight of all of Ceruss of Antimony and with a suffici-quantity of Venice Turpentine make a Mass for Pills whereof let him take a dram Morning and Evening If the Turpentine should cause Pain the Juice of Liquorish may be used instead of it but new Cows-milk is the best of all a quarter of a pint of it being taken with half a dram of Bole-armenick every Morning In inveterate Ulcers a Decoction of round Birth-wort in White-wine sweetned with Sugar is very beneficial The following Oyntment may be used outwardly to consolidate the Ulcer Take of the Juice of Plantane and Night-shade each four ounces of Oyl of Roses Omphacine three ounces of Vinegar one ounce of Letharge finely powdered one ounce and an half of Ceruss washed half an ounce of Tutty finely powdered two drams of Dragons-blood one dram reduce them all to the Form of an Oyntment Injections are peculiarly proper for an Ulcer of the Bladder they must be used twice a Day First Such as cleanse made of Hydromel of Whey or a Decoction of Barley with a littie Honey of Roses but afterwards astringent and consolidating Injections must be used wherein the Roots of Comfry Mirrh Allum Sarcocoll and Tragacanth have been boiled Dr. Gordon's Troches dissolved in Milk are of excellent use Fabritius Hildanus cured a great Ulcer of the Bladder with the following Injection and with some other Remedies See his 69 Observation Cent. 3. Take of the Roots of Comfry one ounce of whole Barley one handful of the Leaves of Agrimony Speedwell Scordium Ladies-mantle Sanicle each half a handful boil them to a Pint in the strained Liquor dissolve of Honey of Roses two drams mingle them make an Injection It is to be noted that these Injections are not to be squirted in with a Syringe because they do not penetrate into the Cavity of the Bladder the Sphincter Muscle hindering but a Catheter being put into the Bladder you must syringe through it and so the Injection will reach the Part affected But because these Ulcers are commonly painful all the course of the Cure you must endeavour to mitigate the Pain with Anodynes taken inwardly and used outwardly Syrup of Poppies London Laudanum and the
Troches of Alkakengi which are peculiarly proper in this case must be used inwardly Also Emulsions of the cold Seeds of the Seeds of white Poppies adding if there be occasion Syrup of Poppies And lastly The Conserve of the Flowers of Marsh-mallows must be frequently given And the following Fomentation may be used to the Region of the Reins Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows of the Leaves of Mallows Pellitory and Violets each one handful of the seeds of Flax Fenugreek and Alkakengi each three drams of the Flowers of Camomil Melilot and Water-lillies each one Pugil make a Decoction wherewith foment the Part with Flannels After the Fomentation use the following Liniment Take of Oyl of Violets and of sweet Almonds each one ounce and an half of Oyl of Roses one ounce of the Mucilages of the Seeds of Marshmallows and Fenugreek each two ounces of Suffron one scruple make a Liniment But to ease the Pain new Milk from the Cow with Dr. Gordon's Troches dissolved in it injected is the best Anodyne for it eases the pain and cures the Ulcer CHAP. XCI Of a Diabetes THis Disease was so rare amongst the Ancients that many famous Physicians made no mention of it but in our Age wherein excessive Drinking has been especially of Wine so much used there are many Instances of it As to the Cure The chief intentions of Healing are to prevent fusion of the Blood and to take off that which is so First The Fusion of the Blood is hindred when its gross and watry Parts contain one another and are contained so that they do not too hastily separate which may be effected by thickning Remedies and for this Purpose Rice Starch and Mucilaginous Vegetables also Gums and some resinous things are of use Secondly That the Fusion of the Blood may be taken off such Remedies are indicated as dissolve the Concretions of the Salts I have prescribed in this Disease the Tincture of Antimony with good success and Lime-water with the Seeds of Annise Raisins and Liquorish is much commended by some A Noble-man fell into a desperate Diabetes for besides that he voided a Gallon and an half of clear Urine that was almost as sweet as Honey in the space of a Night and a Day he was also afflicted with great Thirst a Hectick Feaver great Weakness and with a wasting of the whole Body he was cured in a short time by the following Medicines Take of the Tops of Cypress eight handfuls of the Whites of Eggs a quart of Cinnamon half an ounce having cut them small pour upon them four Quarts of new Milk and distill them in a cold Still Have a care of an Empyrema He took six ounces of it thrice a day Take of Gum-Arabick and Tragacanth each six drams of Penediate Sugar one ounce make a Powder give one dram or one dram and an half twice a day with three or four ounces of the distilled Water Take of Rubarb powdered fifteen grains of Cinnamon six grains make a Powder let him take it in the Morning and repeat it six or seven days after Take of Cowslip-water three ounces of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated two drams with half an ounce of Diacodium make a draught to be taken at Bed-time every Night His Diet was altogether in a manner of Milk which he eat sometimes crude sometimes boiled with Bread or Barley sometimes it was diluted with a distilled water or with Barley-water When he had been well a long time he fell into the same Disease again and the same Method and Medicines were ordered again whereby he grew better in a few Days afterwards he took five or six ounces of Lime-water daily thrice in a Day and having used it four days he voided Urine in a moderate quantity well coloured and somewhat salt I cured another of a deplorable Diabetes by the same Method especially with Lime-water CHAP. XCII Of Incontinence of Vrine INcontinence of Urine proceeds from a fault of the retentive Faculty of the Bladder it befalls either People waking and then the cause is great or sleeping and then it is less for at that time the Animal Functions are not so freely exercised and this happens two Ways viz. Either by the Weakness or Laxity of the Sphincter Muscle of the Bladder which sucking Children are subject to old People and some in their middle Age and others by false Imagination for many there are who by reason of excessive Drinking or by reason of the exquisite sense of the Bladder or sharp Urine piss in Bed in some sort willingly for they imagine in their Sleep that they are making Water against the Wall or some other Place and they are so accustomed to this Vice that they do it where there is no Fault either in Bladder or Muscle of it and they are not cured by Medicines but by rectifying their Imagination as in Children by the Rod and in grown People by placing some precious things upon the Places where they think they make water in their Dreams and by shewing such things to them often But a preternatural Disorder occasioning an Incontinence of Urine is seated in the Sphincter Muscle which is either affected Sympathically or Idiopathically it is affected by Sympathy many Ways as when the whole Body is weak and the Natural Heat decayed as when Death approaches or when the whole Body or half of it is seised with the Palsie or those Branches of the Nerves only which arising from the Os sacrum are communicated to the Bladder This Resolution of the Muscles is occasioned sometimes by reason of the Nearness to other Parts affected as in Women with Child in swellings and Pains of the Womb and great Diseases of the right Gut But the Sphincter Muscle is also affected various ways Idiopathically as by Wounds upon it as it happens in cutting for the Stone or by reason of deep Wounds that hinder the Contraction and Shutting of it but the chief and most frequent cause is a cold and moist Intemperies whereby that part is weakned and relaxed This Intemperies is much furthered by a natural cold and moist Constitution by Childhood Age the Feminine Sex by Diseases of the whole Body or of some Parts arising from a cold and moist Intemperies to which may be added external causes proper to produce such an Intemperies The Diagnostick Signs of this Disease either shew a Sympathick Disease which are to be taken from the Effects proper to produce an Incontinence of Urine mentioned above and if they are present we must suppose the Disease proceeds thence but if they are absent we must count it Idiopathick and if it be occasioned by a Wound Ulcer or any other Disorder of the Sphincter it is easily known but if none of these appear we must consider whither there be a cold and moist Intemperies of the part which may be known by the Constitution of the Internal and external Causes and by the Effects of them as softness of the whole Body a pale Colour a Laxity of the
Genus Nervosum and of the genital parts by Childhood Age and a Flegmatick Cachexy and the like As to the Prognostick This Disease is incurable in old Age in a Feaver it is dangerous but it may be cured in Children by increase of Years for in time the superfluous Moisture may be consumed and the lax parts rendered firm and strong The Cure of Involuntary Urine must be directed to the correcting of the cold and moist Intemperies and to the Laxity of the Sphincter Muscle for that which is occasioned by Sympathy from other Parts primarily affected must be referred to the Cure of those Diseases and that which proceeds from a Wound Ulcer and other manifest Diseases depends on the Cure of them wherefore the following Method of Cure must be observed both for Children and grown People but in Children the most gentle Medicines must be used and they must be dosed accoding to their Age. First Bleeding is not of use in this case unless there be a Plethora of the whole Body in Youth but Purges are always necessary in this case they must be made of Phlegmagogue Medicines and astringent things may be mixed with them especially such as purge too as Rubarb Mirobalanes and the like Afterwards Electuaries medicated Wines and the like must be used to dry up the phlegmatick Matter and to constringe the relaxed part Take of the Nuts of Cypress and of Mirtles torrified of the Raspings of Ivory Coriander seeds prepared red Coral Ambar each two drams of Spodium one dram of the Roots of Cyperus and Galingal each half a dram with candied Citrons make an Electuary whereof let him take the quantity of a Chesnut Morning and Evening drinking upon it a little red Wine Take of the Roots of Comfry half an ounce of the Roots of Cyperus and Galingal each one dram of the Leaves of Plantane Horse-tail five leaved Grass with the Roots each one handful of Cypress Nuts and of the Cups of Acorns each four Scruples of the seeds of Rue and of the chast Tree of Frankincense and of the Raspings of Ivory each half a scruple of red Roses one Pugil of red Wine two quarts infuse them twenty four Hours then strain them and add to it half an ounce of Cinnamon and with a sufficient quantity of Sugar make a Claret whereof let him take three or four ounces twice a day Many Specificks are proposed by Authors for the Cure of this Disease as the Brains and Testicles of a Hare burnt also a Cockle in its Shell burnt and drank the Dung of a Hare the Ashes of a Mouse burnt the Hoof of a Boar torrified the Ashes of Date-stones the Powder of Egg-shells but above all the Powder of Agrimony and the inward Coats of the Stomach of a Hen dried which may be given a part or together in red Wine Solinander says he saw excellent Success by the use of a Cocks Throat torrified the Powder was taken before Supper in a little red Wine it was repeated for some Days In grown People Sudorifick Decoctions made of Guajacum and Sassafrass and used for twenty Days are proper to dry the Body So are also Bath-waters applied with Flannels The Sick must drink red rough Wine by it self or diluted with Chalybeat waters and he must drink but little at Supper he must make Water just as he is going into Bed in the middle of the Night and early in the Morning And outwardly Topicks must be applied to the Pubis and Perinaeum such as heat strengthen and dry Take of the Roots of Elecampane sweet-smelling Flag of Acorus and Cyperus each half an ounce of the Leaves of Mint Sage Wild-marjoram Calaminth and Wormwood each half an handful of the Nuts of Cypress Mirtles Galls and Balaustines each one dram of red Roses one Pugil boil them in equal parts of Smiths Water and red Wine to one quart in the strained Liquor dissolve of Salt and Allum each one ounce foment the Region of the Pubis and Perineum Morning and Evening hot Of the same Decoction the quantity of it being increased a bath may be made to be used for many days After the Fomentation or Bath the Parts may be anointed with a Liniment made of Oyl of Foxes rue Orrise Unguentum Martiatum Aregon and with the Powder of Mastich Cyperus and Mirtles or the following Plaister may be applied Take of Labdanum and Mastich each two drams of the Wood of Alces and of Storax calamite of Cinnamon and of Turpentine each one dram of Mirtles and of the Roots of Cyperus each half a dram of the Juice of Mint and Horsâ—-tail extracted with red Wine a sufficient quantity make a Plaister CHAP. XCIII Of a total Suppression of Urine and of the Strangury A Total Suppression of Urine is called by Authors Ischuria but when the voiding of Urine is lessened they term it a Strangury An Ischuria or total Suppression of Urine is twofold viz. true when the Bladder is full and false when the Bladder is empty and nothing comes from the Reins to it The true Ischury depends on three Causes the first whereof is Sense abolished in the Bladder by reason of a Palsie or Obstruction of its Nerve or because the Spirits are diverted another Way as in a Delirium or the like The second cause is a cold Intemperies of the Bladder The third Cause is a narrowness of the Neck of the Bladder and of this three Causes are assigned for the Muscle incompassing the Neck of the Bladder is so swelled that the Passage is stopt or a Caruncle grows in the Neck of the Bladder or a Callus is generated there the Passage is also obstructed by a Stone by a thick Humour a Clot of Blood or by Matter The Passage is also stopt by a Swelling of the neighbouring parts as by a large Child in the Womb by the Excrements hardened in the right Gut and by the Piles much swelled This Suppression also happens sometimes by too great a quantity of Water retained too long that so much distend the whole Body of the Bladder that it cannot be contracted to expel it first when any Person that is well retains his Urine for want of a Convenient Place to void it in or when the Nerves of the Bladder are affected so that the Bladder cannot be sensible of the Weight and Fulness A false ischury is occasioned by reason either the Serum is not put off upon the Reins or not conveighed through the Ureters they being stopt by a Stone or the like A true Ischury is known by a Weight and Tension of the Hypogaster and by a Swelling resembling the Bladder The causes of it are known by things that go before and accompany it for if it proceed from a large quantity of Urine which hinders a Contraction of the Bladder it is perceived by the Relation of the Sick he having omitted to make Water by reason of long travelling or by being in the presence of great Persons and if he never had
quantity of them being increased or diminished as there seems occasion In the mean time if the Belly be hard it must be loosened by things that purge gently and cooling Glisters frequently injected do much good in qualifying the Inflammation the Womb lying upon the right Gut But the quantity of them must be very small that they may be the longer retained Take of the Roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the leaves of Mallows Violets and Lettice each one handful of Night-shade half an handful of the flowers of Violets and red Roses each one pugil of acid Prunes number ten boyl them in Barly-water to six ounces of the strained Liquor add three ounces of Oyl of Roses make a Glister If the pain be very violent to the foresaid Glister may be added yolks of Eggs Hens grease Woman's milk the mucilages of the Seeds of Fenugreek Flax oâ— Mallows and a little Opium and a little Saffron Injections may be also made for the Womb of Goats or Sheeps milk with Opium or Saffron each Grains three or four with a little Rose-water Or to the Pessaries may be added a moderate quantity of Opium with a little Saffron yolks of Eggs and Oyl of Roses or Pessaries may be made of Philonium Romanum with Cotton or an anodyne Fomentation may be prepared in the following manner Take of Marsh-mallows with the roots of Mallows and Violets each one handful of Camomile Melilot and Roses each one pugil boil them for a fomentation The Disease decreasing Purging must be repeated with gentle Catharticks but if it tend to resolution which may be known by a remission of the Symptoms and by a lesser weight in the part Discutients must be added in larger a quantity to the foresaid Remedies or make the following Cataplasm Take of the Powder of the roots of Marsh-mallows one ounce of the flowers of Melilot and Camomile each two drachms of the leaves of Mugwort powder'd of the Meal of Barly and Beans each half an ounce boil them a little in rough Wine add to them of fresh Lard of the Oils of Camomile and of white Lillies each one ounce make a Cataplasm A dissolving fomentation or bath is here also of use If the Tumor cannot be dissolved but tends to supparation it must be furthered by the following Cataplasm Take of the powder of the roots of Marsh-mallows of the flowers of Camomile and Melilot of the Meal of Linseeds Fenugreek-seeds each one ounce of fat Figs number eight boil them to the consistence of a Cataplasm then add of the yolks of Eggs number four of Saffron ten grains of Oil of Lillies and fresh Butter each one ounce make a Cataplasm The Pus being made which may be known by the remission of the heat and pain and by its â—loating when it is touched the breaking of the abscess must be endeavoured by the motion of the Body Sneazing Coughing by applying Cupping-glasses by cleansing and attenuating Injections or by Pessaries that have a faculty of breaking Tumors For instance Take of Goose-fat half an ounce of Turpentine two drachms of the powder of the seeds of Rue and of Orris-root each half a drachm mix them and make a Pessary The Abscess being broken we must endeavour to cleanse and heal the Ulcer as shall be shewed in the following Chapter CHAP XCIX Of an Vlcer in the Womb. AN Ulcer follows an Inflammation of the Womb suppurated it also proceeds from other causes viz. from whatever corrodes the Womb. Therefore the causes of it are an Abscess broken acrid Humours flowing to the Womb acrid and corrâ—ding Medicines injected or taken inwardly as Cantharides The antecedent causes are all those things that occasion an Inflammation as hard Labour violent and ungovernable Copulation acrid and long Whites Wounds Falls Contusions but especially a virulent Gonorrhaea and the French Pox the Contagion whereof is easily communicated to the Womb and the neck of it The differences are to be sought for from the Place Magnitude Figure and Complication with other Diseases The diagnostick Signs are a Pain and Gnawing and the evacuation of purulent Matter The cure of the Ulcer must be performed by stoping the defluxion of acrid Humours and by cleansing and conglutinating the Ulcer And first if the Body be Plethorick or if the Ulcer be accompanied with an Inflammation a Vein must be opened in the Arm and bleeding must be repeated as often as there is danger of a new fluxion especially at the time of the Courses to lessen them which are wont to increase the matter of the Ulcer and to promote the flux of other Humours to the Womb. Purging is also very necessary to cleanse the Body from ill Humours but it ought to consist of gentle Catharticks as of Sena Rhubarb Tamarinds Myrabolanes and the like which must be often repeated that the vitious Humours may be diverted and this is of so great moment that Forestus says That a noble Matron was cured of an Ulcer of the Womb by taking every fourth day five ounces of the decoction of Sena Dodder of Thym red Roses Indian Myrabolanes sweetned with Sugar and by injecting a cleansing decoction into the Womb. For common use a magisterial Syrup may be made in the following manner Take of the roots of Comfry and of fresh Polypody of the Oak each one ounce of the Bark of dried Citron six drachms of the leaves of Plantain Periwinkle Sanicle Sorrel and Maiden-hair each one handful of Liquorish rasped and of Raisins of the Sun stoned each one ounce of Sena cleansed six drachms of the seeds of Bastard-saffron bruised two ounces of Agarick fresh trochiscated and tyed up in a Rag ten drachms of the seeds of Anise and Melon each three drachms of the Cordial Flowers of Rosemary and of Dodder each one pugil make a decoction of all in a part of which infuse half an ounce of choice Rhubarb and one drachm of Cinnamon in a pint and an half of the strained Liquor dissolve three ounces of Syrup of Roses solutive and a sufficient quantity of Sugar boil them well and make a Syrup whereof let her take two or three ounces twice or thrice in a month with a decoction of Agrimony and Plantain or with an infusion of Rhubarb in Endive water If the sick vomits easily a Vomit is most useful for it makes a revulsion of the Humours from the Womb and the days the sick does not purge a vulnerary decoction must be used a long while made in the following manner Take of the leaves of Agrimony Knot-grass Burnet and Plantain each half a handful of the roots of China three drachms of Coriander-seed one drachm of Raisins half an ounce of red Sanders one scruple boil them in Chicken Broath strain it Let the sick take of it morning and evening Or Take of the leaves of Mugwort Plantain Yarrow each one handful Rhaponticum half an ounce of the seeds of Nettles one drachm boil them in a measure of white Wine and sweeten it with Sugar let
the sick take two or three ounces in a morning If the Fever be violent and if a great quantity of Sanies be evacuated Whey is very proper half a pint or more being taken in a morning with a little Hony of Roses If the Body begin to waste and there is a hectick Fever Asses Milk must be taken with Sugar of Roses for a whole Month. Sudorificks there being no Inflammation or a hot Intemperies may also do good to dry the Ulcer and to drive the serous Humours towards the habit of the Body Turpentine washed in some proper Water for the Womb as in Mugwort or Feferfew-water or in some Water proper for the Ulcer as Plantain or Rose-water taken with Sugar of Roses by Intervals cleanses and heals the Ulcer Pills of Bdellium taken daily or every other day are also very good Take of Bdellium three drachms of Myrrh and Frankincense each one drachm of Sarcocoll Amber Storax and of Myrabolanes called Chebule each one drachm of red Coral two scruples with syrup of Poppies make a mass for Pills to which when the Pain is violent may be added a little Opium Troches of Alkakengi with Opium may be also used when the pain is violent and to ease the pain the same Remedies may be prescribed which were proposed in an Inflammation of the Womb for the same Symptom The following Powder is also very effectual to dry the Ulcer Take of Acacia and Hypocistis each one drachm of Dragon's-blood white Starch the roots of Plantain and of round Birthwort each half a drachm of Bole armenick one drachm of Mastich and Sarcocol each half a drachm make a fine Powder the dose is one drachm in Plantain or Rose-water or in some Chalybeat-water To cleanse dry and heal the Ulcer various Injections are prepared but they must not be used till the Inflammation is taken off and till the Pain is eased and therefore upon account of the Inflammation and Acrimony Emulsions of the cold Seeds the Whey of Goat's-milk or the Milk it self or mixed with the juice of Plantain or Shepherd's purse may be injected first if necessity requires a decoction of Poppy-heads and tops of Mallows may be injected Some Practitioners say The Sick may be much relieved by injecting frequently warm Water The hot Intemperies and the Pain being quieted or at least diminished we must use such things as cleanse beginning with the gentle and proceeding by degrees to the stronger The gentle are Whey with Sugar a decoction of Barly with Sugar or Hony of Roses but simple Hydromel cleanses more A decoction will be a little stronger made with Barly Lentils Beans not excorticated of the Leaves of Smallage Plantain and Pellitory a little Hony of Roses being added When the Ulcer is very sordid the following decoction may be used Take of the roots of Gentian Rhaponticum Zedoary and round Birthwort each one ounce of white Wine three pints boil them to the consumption of a third part in the strained Liquor dissolve half a pound of Sugar and keep it for use If the Ulcer be very fetid a little Vnguentum Aegyptiacum may be added to the decoction When the Ulcer is well cleansed we must use such things as dry and consolidat Take of the roots of Comfry and Bistort each one ounce of the leaves of Plantain Horsetail Shepherd's-purse Sanicle Mouse-ear Milfoil each one handful of red Roses half an handful boil them in a measure of Water for an injection The following Sarcotick Powder may be added to it Take of the roots of Orris Birthwort and Comfry each half an ounce of Myrrh one ounce of Aloes three drachms make a Powder whereof let half an ounce be mingled with every injection Take of Turpentine washed in plantain-Plantain-water two drachms dissolve it with Hony and the yolk of an Egg and mingle it with the Injection This is very effectual but is more so if the sarcotick Powder be also added Oil of the yolks of Eggs stirred well about in a leaden Mortar is also very good Fumes must be used for deep Ulcers for they penetrate to the bottom of the Womb and dry the Ulcers Take of Frankincense Myrrh Mastick Gum-juniper Labdanum each one ounce with a sufficient quantity of Turpentine make Troches for a Fume When the Ulcer is very obstinat Cinnabar must be added which is of excellent use The bath-Bath-waters have cured Women when all other Medicines have been ineffectual Plasters may be also conveniently applied to the Epigaster If the Ulcer be in the Neck of the Womb it must be anointed with Liniments that cleanse and dry Take of the juice of Smallage two ounces of hony of Roses one ounce and an half of Turpentine half an ounce of the meal of Barly or of Orobus a sufficient quantity make a Liniment Oyntment of Diapompholigos may be also applied adding to it Frankincense Mastich Myrrh Aloes according to the condition of the Ulcer These things cleanse After you have sufficiently cleansed the Ulcer you must apply a drying and cicatrizing Ointment Take of Tutty washed half an ounce of Lytharge Ceruss and Sarcocoll each two drachms of Oil and Wax a sufficient quantity make an Ointment Sometimes the Ulcer penetrates the right Gut and sometimes the Bladder which may be known by the Matter evacuated by those Parts If it flow by the right Gut lenitive cleansing and drying Glisters must be injected But if it flow from the Bladder gentle and cooling Diureticks must be used as an Emulsion of the greater cold Seeds Turpentine and other Remedies prescribed for an Ulcer of the Bladder If the Ulcer turn to a Fistula which chiefly happens when it is opened outwardly towards the Hip though it may happen in the Womb it self or in the Neck of it in this case we must consider whether it be best to leave the accustomed Passage untouched through which Nature endeavours to evacuate various Excrements or to undertake the Cure of it But if that be thought most proper for the Sick a Cure that is called palliative must be instituted by Purges frequently repeated and by sweating twice a year and by cleansing and strengthening Injections and by applying over a Plaster of Diapalma or the like But if there be any hopes of a Cure the same Remedies must be used which are proper for other Fistula's If the Ulcer be occasioned by the French Pox it cannot be cured without an universal Cure in performing which the Fumes of Cinnabar received through a Tunnel into the Womb are peculiarly proper also the anointing the inner Parts of the Womb with a mercurial Ointment In all Ulcers of the Womb if there be a troublesome itching about the Neck as it frequently happens by reason of a defluction of an acrid and salt Humour to the part a Pessary must be made to qualifie it dipt in the Ointment of Elecampane with Mercury or in Aegyptiacum dissolved in Sea or Alum-water or in fresh Butter wherein quick Silver has been extinguished to which must be
must be us'd that thereby the Excrements bred in the Bowels and in the habit of the Body may be dissipated and also all that which is contain'd in the Womb the Skins being broken by the violence of the exercise And if the Woman vomit easily 't will be proper to vomit her twice a Week whereby not only the Humors flowing to the Womb may be recall'd and evacuated but also the Skins sticking to the Womb and sometimes containing a watry Humour may perchance be broken and so the ill Humors may flow out The following Bolus is very effectual to discuss the Humour contain'd in the Womb. Take of Mineral Borox half a drachm of Saffron half a scruple with the juice of Savin make a Bolus to be taken twice a week Sudorificks are also very proper in this Disease for by them the watry Humours contained in the Womb or the whole Body may be discuss'd and evacuated In the mean while the heat of the Stomach must be strengthened by things taken inwardly and outwardly apply'd And outwardly must be apply'd proper topical Remedies to strengthen the Womb and to discuss the Humors contain'd in it And first may be prepar'd Fomentations and Baths made of a decoction of the Roots of Briony and wild Cucumber of the Leaves of Dwarf-elder Mercury-elder wild Marjoram Calaminth Wormwood Rue Sage Marjoram Thyme Bays Penny-royal Mugwort of the Seeds of Broom Daucus Cummin Annise Fennel Laurel-borries and Juniper-berries the Flowers of Camomile Melilote and Rosemary of which may be made Bags to be boil'd in Wine or the foresaid things may be boil'd in a Lee made of the ashes of the Twigs of a Vine But that the foremention'd Fomentations may operate the better they must be applied before and behind and the Sick ought to sweat if she can in the Bed or in a Bath In a windy Dropsie dry Fomentations are more beneficial with Bags made of Gromwel Salt Cummin and Bran torrefied in a Frying-Pan and sprinkled with Wine After the Fomentation anoint the Belly with the Oils of Nard Dill Rue Wormwood and Southernwood which if they are drawn chymically will be much more effectual After you have anointed the Belly apply the Plaster of Laurel-berries or a Cataplasm of Cow-Dung Sheeps-Dung of the Seeds of Smallage Parsly Cummin and boiled Hony For the same use is commended the Skin of a Sheep newly kill'd and sprinkled with hot Wine Glisters must be also frequently injected made of a Decoction of Wormwood wild Marjoram Pennyroyal Rue Centory and the like or with Oils of Rue Nuts Dill and White-wine or Mallago-Sack wherein must be dissolv'd Benedictum Laxativum Turpentine Rosemary Hony and the like Injections for the Womb may be prepar'd in the following manner to evacuate the Humours contain'd in it Take of the Roots of Asarabacca three drachms of the Leaves of Pennyroyal and Calaminth each one handful of the Seeds of Savine one pugil of Mechoacan one drachm of the seeds of Annise and Cummin each half a drachm boil them and in the strain'd Liquor dissolve of Oil of Orrice and of Elder each one ounce in six ounces of the Liquor and make an Injection For the same Use Pessaries may be made in the following manner Take of Coloquintida and Mechoacan each one dracm of Salt of Niter half a scruple with a sufficient quantity of boil'd Hony make a Pessary Or Take of Elaterium half a drachm of Figs bruis'd a sufficient quantity make a Pessary When the Inflation is occasion'd by Wine a Fume made of Nutmegs and conveyed through a Tunnel has done much good And in the same case a Cupping-Glass applied to the Navel with much Flame discusses Wind powerfully But when the Disease is humoral Issues in the Legs discharge the Filth of the Womb by degrees The Bath-waters used inwardly and outwardly are also very good if the Body be not very hot For the Pain of the Womb which often afflicts the Sick in this Disease Amatus Lucitanus commends the Water or Decoction of Camomel four or five Ounces of it being taken at a time And lastly if an Inflation happen after Delivery there is no need of any other Cleansing than that of the Womb but if it does not proceed well it must be helpt by drawing Pessaries and by Cupping-Glasses applied to the Thighs and by other Remedies prescrib'd for the Stoppage of the Courses and if Wind be the cause the Fume of Nutmegs above-proposed is very proper CHAP. CIV Of a Falling of the Womb. FOR the Cure of this Distemper regard must be had to two things the first is to reduce the Womb into its natural Place and the second is to strengthen it and keep it there For the Execution of the first which is to reduce it if the Womb be quite out or turned the Woman must first of all render her Urine and a Glister must be given if it be necessary to empty the gross Excrements that are in the right-Gut that so the Reduction may be the easier perform'd then place her on her Back with her Hips rais'd a little higher than her Head and then foment all that is fallen out with a little Wine and Water luke-warm and with a soft Rag put it up into its proper Place thrusting back not all at once but waging it by little and little from side to side in case this be too painful because 't is already too big and swell'd anoint it with Oil of Almonds for the more easie reduction of it being careful as soon as 't is reduc'd to wipe off the Oil as much as may be to avoid a Relapse But if notwithstanding all this the Womb cannot be put up because 't is very much inflamed and tumified which happens when it has been a long time so without the use of necessary means during which time it is continually moistned with Urine and other Excrements which contribute very much to its Corruption in this case there is great danger that 't will gangrene Also the second part of this Cure which consists in the retention of the Womb in its place and the strengthning of it It will be done by a convenient situation Let the Woman for this purpose keep her self in Bed on her Back having her Hips a little raised her Legs something crossed and her Thighs join'd together to prevent the falling of it out again but the best way is to put up a Pessary into the Neck of the Womb to keep it firm There are two or three sorts of them made for this purpose the Figures of them may be seen in Moriceau's Midwifery see Page 311. Take of Oak-Bark two ounces boil it in two quarts of fountain-Fountain-Water add at the latter end one ounce of Pomegranate-Peel bruis'd red Roses Pomegranate-Flowers each two handfuls and then add half a pint of red Wine strain it and bath the part affected with Flannels dipt in it in the Morning two hours before the Woman rises and at Night when she is in Bed continue
the use of it 'till the Symptom is quite gone CHAP. CV Of Barrenness AS to the Cure of Barrenness too much Fat must be corrected by an orderly Diet and by convenient Evacuation Such as are of a robust and manly constitution must be reduc'd to a womanly state by all means they must forbear strong Meats and Labour and the Coarses must be forced and by Bleeding and Purging and the like the Habit of the Body must be rendred moist and cold If from Distortion Obstruction Tumors or Ulcers of the Womb or from its being shut Barrenness is occasion'd proper Remedies must be applied If too hot an Intemperies be the cause it must be corrected so must immoderate siccity by Milk and Bathing But the most frequent Cause of Barrenness is a cold and moist Intemperies of the whole Body and of the Womb which the Whites often accompany and for the Cure in this case the Whites must be cur'd by the Method prescrib'd in the Chapter for the Whites and the following things must be order'd which are peculiarly proper for the said Intemperies which may be varied according to the discretion of the Physician so as that they may heat more or dry more according as Humidity or Frigidity exceeds And first the flegmatick Humors stagnating in the Body must be evacuated by Medicines that purge sweat and force Urine and Revulsion must be made by Issues in the Arms Neck and Legs and the principal Parts must be strengthned by Treacle Mithridate Confection of Alkermes and the like Aftewards such things must be us'd as are proper by a specific quality to strengthen the Womb and to help Conception Take of the Roots Eryngo and Satyrion candied each one ounce of green Ginger candied half an ounce of Hazel-Nuts Pine-Nuts and Pistaches each six drachms one Nutmeg candied of the Seeds of Rocket and Cresses each two drachms of the Ashes of a Bulls-Pisle of the Reins of Scinks and of the Raspings of Ivory each one drachm of Confection of Alkermes three drachms of Diambra and sweet Diamoch each one ounce and an half of Ambergrise half a drachms with the Syrup of candid Citrons make an Electuary let her take the quantity of a Nutmeg at Bed-time drinking upon it a Glass of good Wine Some count the Secondine of a Woman dried and powder'd very effectual one drachm of it being taken The Seeds of Bishop's Weed is also much commended Many good Authors affirm That if a Woman drink six ounces of the Juice of Garden-Sage with a little Salt the fourth Day of her menstrous Purgation and a quarter of an hour after has Conversation with her Husband she will infallibly conceive And by the use of this Remedy Aetius says the Egyptian Women became fruitful after a great Plague Topicks are also to be used but purging must always go before Take of Diaphenicon and Hierapicra each half an ounce of Turpentine and Mercurial Hony each one ounce of Castor one drachm Mingle them and reduce them to a convenient consistence that Pessaries may be made for the Womb. If the Womb abound with a great quantity of Excrements a stronger Pessary may be made in the following manner But this injection must be first used Take of the Leaves of Wormwood Mugwort Mercury and Rue each one handful and an half of the Pulp of Coloquintida one scruple of Agarick trochiscated half a drachm of Ginger and Myrrh each one scruple Make a Decoction in Water and White-Wine to a Pint in which dissolve two ounces of Hony of Roses Let three ounces of this Decoction be injected for three or four days morning and evening after the Flux of the courses and afterwards immit the following Pessary Take of Hiera picra and of Benedictum Laxativum each one ounce of the Pulp of Coloquintida and of Agarick trochiscated each half a drachm of Spikenard and of the Seeds of Roman Nigella and of the Leaves of Savine powder'd each one drachm let them be incorporated with Rosemary-Hony and put them up in Silk and make Pessaries let one be put into the Privities at Bed-time and let it remain there two hours afterwards let the part be washed with White-wine To bind strengthen and dry the Womb the following Medicines may be us'd Take of round Birthwort half an ounce of Wood of Aloes three drachms of Cypress-nutts and of the Roots of Cypress each two drachms of sweet-smelling Flag one drachm of the Leaves of Dittany of Crete and of Savory and Myrtles each one handful of choice Myrrh Storax Calamit and Benzoin each two drachms and an half of the Flowers of Stechas Rosmary and Marjoram each one pugil Boil them in a sufficient quantity of good White-Wine in a pint of the strain'd Liquor dissolve of the Troches of Alipta moschata two drachms of Ambergreese and of Musk each seven grains of Civet five grains Make an Injection Morning and Evening hot for some Days Before or after the Injection the following Fume may be used Take of the Troches of Gallia and Alipta moschata each two drachms of Storax Calamit Benzoin and pure Labdanum each half an ounce of Wood of Aloes and of Rhodium each one ounce of the Seeds of Roman Nigella Cubebs and Cloves each four scruples of Amber and Tacamahaca each one drachm and an half of Mace half a drachm Make a Powder and with Gum Tragacanth dissolv'd in orange-flower-Orange-flower-water make Troches whereof let one or two be cast upon the Coals and let the Fume be received through a Tunnel Poor People may be fumed with equal Parts of Myrrh Franckincense Wood of Aloes Storax Benzoin Cinnamon and Cloves After the Injections and Fume the following Pessary may be used Take of Frankincense and Mastick each two drachms of the Troches of Gallia and Alypta Moschata each four scruples of the Roots of Bistort of Cypress-Nuts shavings of Ivory and of red Roses each one drachm of Storax Benzoin and Labdanum each two scruples of sweet-smelling Flag and Cyprus each half a drachm Moisten them with Orange-Flower-Water and with a fine Rag make two Pessaries of a due magnitude whereof let one be used at Bed-time the top of it being anointed with Oil of Nutmegs and Civet mixed Before the strengthning Injections and the Fumes the Sick may use the following Bath Take of the Roots of Briony Masterwort Valerian Orris Elecampane each three ounce of the Leaves of Marjoram Mugwort Catminte Pennyroyal Mercury Sage Lawrel each four handfuls of the Berries of Lawrel and Juniper each one ounce Boil them for a Bath But sulphurous and Bituminous Baths are the best as our bath-Bath-waters and the like to which such Women fly as to an Asylum After the Bath and Fume the Region of the Pubes and Perinoeum must be anointed with the following Liniment Take of Nard-oil one ounce and an half of Oil of Wall-flowers half an ounce of Diambra and Dimosh each one drachm and an half of liquid Storax one drachm of Civet half a scruple of Musk
plenty of Excrements heap'd together in the first Region and distending the Belly or it vitiates the Blood in the whole Body rendring it unfit to nourish the Child or it fills the Vessels of the Womb which retain the Child with a slymy moisture Bleeding may be also used for this Cacochymy in a small quantity but the chiefest way of Cure is by frequent Purging that the superfluous Excrements of the Body may be evacuated and betwixt Purge and Purge such things must be used as asswage the Intemperies of the Bowels and the Acrimony of the Humors if there be any and thicken the said Humors in case they be too thin and if flegmatick Humors abound they must be discussed with Sudorificks and Diureticks and other Remedies howbeit we must diligently observe that whatever ill Humors abound Issues are very proper to prevent Abortion of which Zacutus Lusitanus gives a special note in these words By most happy Experiments I have observed That frequent Abortion caused by corrupted Humors which flow from the whole Body to the Womb and by their evil disposition or abundance kill the Child is hereby as by a most present help prevented many Women have miscarried on this account among whom some having oftentimes brought a Child of seven Months or four Months growth torn and putrified cou'd by no other means be freed from so great a Calamity save by Issues made in their Arms and Thighs which were always made at the beginning of the Fluxion by which means they went out their time and brought forth Children healthy and not defiled with any Infection The peculiar Diseases of the Womb as over-great Moisture Swellings Ulcers and such like must be cured by their proper Remedies If these Diseases happen when a Woman is with Child the difficulty is greater because big-bellied Women cannot so easily bear all kind of Remedies yet lest being destitute of all help they should remain in extream danger of Miscarriage and Death some kind of Remedies are to be used In case therefore the Patient be too full of Blood she must have a Vein opened tho' she be with Child especially in the first Months and so twice or thrice if need be always remembring that there never be much Blood taken away at a time And when there is abundance of some ill Humors gentle Purging must be repeated especially in the middle Months and if a moist and flatulent or slymy Intemperies annoy the Patient we may sometimes proceed to a Sudorifick Diet at least a gentle one in the strongest sort of Women In the mean while these astringent and strengthening Medicines are to be used all the time the Woman is with Child that are proper to hinder Abortion Take of Kermes-berries and Tormentil-roots each three ounces of Mastich one drachm and an half make a Powder of which give now and then half a drachm or as much as will lie on the point of a Knife Or Take of red Coral two drachms Kermes-berries Date-stones each one drachm shavings of Ivory half a drachm of Pearls not bor'd one scruple make a Powder Or let her take every day in the morning some grains of Mastich Our ordinary Women use frequently Plantain-seed which they take in the morning to the quantity of half a drachm with Wine and Water or in an Egg or Broath or by it self almost every day all the while they are with Child and with good success To the same purpose very effectual Electuaries are compounded according to the following Example Take of Conserve of Roses two ounces of Citron-peel candied six drachms of Myrabolans candied of the pulp of Dates each half an ounce of Coral prepared Pearl prepared and shavings of Hartshorn each one drachm with syrup of Quinces make an Electuary of which let the Patient take often the quantity of a Nutmeg If a Liquor be more pleasing a Decoction of Tormentil-roots sweet'ned with Conserve of Roses may be given successfully The following Lozenges are very good for they strengthen and by little and little free the Body from Excrements though they do not sensibly purge sometimes Take of Mace of the three sorts of Sanders Rhubarb Sena Coral Pearl each one scruple of Sugar dissolved in Rose-water four ounces make all into Lozenges weighing three drachms apiece Let her take one twice a week by it self or dissolved in a little Broath Ointments and Plasters are to be applied outwardly Take of Ship-pitch half an ounce of Frankincense one ounce Mastich half an ounce Dragons blood and red Roses each two drachms make a Cerecloath Or Take of Oil of Myrtles and Mastich each one ounce of red and yellow Sanders Hypocistis and Acacia each half an ounce of Spodium and red Roses each two drachms of Bole-armonick seal'd Earth Ivory each two scruples of Turpentine washed in plantain-Plantain-water one ounce with a sufficient quantity of Wax make a Cereloath spread it on Cloath and apply it to the Reins Or Take of the Plaster for the Matrix three ounces of Bistort-roots Acacia Hypocistis Pomgranat-peels each half an ounce of Labdanum six drachms soften them with the juice of Quinces and make a Plaster for the use aforesaid As to Plasters it is to be noted That they must not be worn long together but taken off now and then otherwise if they stick too long upon the Back they do so heat the Kidnies that sometimes they occasion an heat of Urine and the voiding by Urine Sand Stones yea Blood it self Nor are those things to be omitted which are accounted Specificks for retaining the Child in the Womb as the Eagle's stone worn about the Neck a Load-stone applied to the Navel Corals Jaspers Smaragds Bones found in the Hearts of Stags and such like worn under the Arm-pits or hanged about the Neck But that the success of these Medicines may be good the Patient must be ordered to rest and to keep her self as quiet as possibly she can both in Body and Mind and to abstain from Coition which does much disquiet the Womb for whilst the Womb opens it self to receive the Semen with which it is much delighted it drops out the tender Fetus not yet well setled in the Womb. But if notwithstanding the Medicines aforesaid by reason of the vehemency of the Cause whether it be external or internal the Patient be ready to miscarry we must do the best we can with these following Remedies And in the first place so soon as Pains and Throws shall be perceived to be in the lower parts of the Belly towards the Pubis in the Loins and about the Os sacrum we must seek to allay and stop them both by Medicines taken inwardly and outwardly applied according to the variety of the Causes for if Abortion be caused by Crudities and Wind which is most usual when it begins from an internal Cause a Powder must be given made of Aromaticum Rosatum and Coriander-seeds and we may give of the Aqua Imperialis if Phlegm and Wind abound At the same time let
Carminative Medicines be applied below the Navel of the Patient such are Bags of Anniseeds Fennel-seeds Fenugreek-seeds Flowers of Camomile Elder Rosemary and Stechas mixed together or a Rose-cake fried in a Pan with rich Canary and sprinkled with Powder of Nutmegs and Coriander-seeds or the Gaul of a Wether newly kill'd or his Lungs laid on warm If by these means the pains cease not let a Glister be injected made of Wine and Oil wherein two drachms of Philonium Romanum may be dissolved or Narcoticks may be given inwardly in a small quantity to allay the violence of the Humors and Wind as we are wont to do in the pains of the Cholick But if by reason of contumacious pains that will not be asswaged or of the violence of some external cause Blood begins to come away Medicines that cause Revulsion are to be applied to turn the course of the Blood from the Womb such are Frictions of the upper parts and painful Ligatures also Cupping-glasses fastened to the Shoulder-blades under the Dugs and under the short Ribs on both sides and if the Woman be full of Blood it will not be amiss to take some blood from her when she begins to void blood and especially before it begins to come and the blood must be taken away at several times a little at once And if the flux of blood continues we must proceed to an astringent and thickening Diet and Medicines and so the Powders and Electuaries before described may be administred also juice of Plantain new drawn and syrup of Poppies to the quantity of an ounce with Powder of Bole-armenick or Dragons-blood Also binding and astringent Fomentations may be used outwardly made of Pomgranate-peels Cypress-nuts Acorn-cups Baclaustins Grape-stones and the like boiled in Smiths water and red Wine Or a little bag full of red Roses and Balaustins may be boiled and applied hot to the Patient's Belly The above-mentioned Plasters and Cere-cloaths may be used and to bind more make a Pultiss of astringent Powders with Turpentine and whites of Eggs spread it upon Tow or course Flax and apply it to the Navel and Reins warm The Tow that is to be applied to the Navel must be moistened with Wine that which is to be apply'd to the Kidnies with Vinegar The two following Medicines are accounted Secrets and it is believed they will certainly retain the Child in the Womb if they be used before it be torn from the Vessels of the Womb. Take of Leaves of Gold number twelve of Spodium one drachm the Cock's treading of three Eggs not addled mix all very well till the Gold be broken into small pieces afterwards dissolve them in a draught of white Wine and give it three Mornings following At the same time let the following Cataplasm be applied Take of Male-frankincense powdered two ounces the whites of five Eggs let them be stirr'd together over hot Coals add Turpentine to make them stick then spread them upon Tow and lay them upon her Navel as hot as she can possibly endure them twice a day Morning and Evening on the three days aforesaid CHAP. CVII Of hard Labour THAT is said to be hard Labour which does not observe the due and ordinary course of Nature and longer time is spent in it and the pains are more violent than usual and the Symptoms that accompany it are more grievous Many Causes may be assigned of it both external and internal The internal depend on the Mother the Womb or the Child As to the Mother the natural weakness of the whole Body may make the Labour difficult or her Age she being too young or too old or it may be occasioned by Diseases which she had with her Big-belly Leanness and too much dryness of the Body or Fat compressing the Passages of the Womb the ill conformation of the Bones encompassing the Womb as in those that are Lame may also occasion it Wind swelling the Bowels a Stone or a preternatural Tumour in the Bladder that presses the Womb may be the cause so may the ill constitution of the Lungs or of the parts serving Respiration For the holding of the Breath is very necessary to help the exclusion of the Child As to the Womb various Diseases of it may render the Delivery difficult as Tumors Ulcers Obstructions and the like As to the Child hard Labour is occasion'd when by reason it is dead or putrified or any way diseased it cannot confer any thing to its own exclusion Also when the Body or Head of it is large or when there are many So Twins most commonly cause hard Labour or when it is ill situated as when the Hands or the Feet offer first or when one Hand or one Foot comes out or when it is doubled or when the Membranes break too soon so that the Water flows out and leaves the Orifice of the Womb dry at the time of exclusion or when the Membranes are too thick so that they cannot be easily broken by the Child The external causes depend on things necessary and contingent things necessary are those which are commonly call'd Non-natural so cold and dry Air and a North-wind are very injurious to Women in Labour because they bind the Body and drive the Blood and Spirits to the inner Parts and they are very injurious to the Child coming from so warm a place also hot Weather dissipates the Spirits and weakens the Child and causes a Fever in an ill habit of Body Crude Aliments and such as are difficultly concocted and those that bind taken in great quantity before Labour do render it difficult the Stomach being weakened and the common Passages contracted which ought to be very open in this case Drowsiness hinders the action of the Mother and Child and shews that Nature is weak The unseasonable motion of the Woman much retards the delivery as when she refuses upon occasion to stand walk lie or sit or flings her self about unadvisedly so that the Child can not be born the right way being turned preposterously by the restlesness of the Mother The retention of such things as should be evacuated at the time of Labour as of Urine that swells the Bladder or Excrements in the right Gut the Hemorrhoids also much swelled narrow the neck of the Womb and so hinder Natures endeavours And lastly violent Passions of the Mind as Fear Sorrow and Anger make the Labour difficult To things contingent ought to be referred a Blow a Fall or a Wound which may much obstruct Labour also the By-standers which ought to assist the Woman viz. strong Women and Maids which may lift her up just at the time of Delivery especially a skilful Midwife which ought to advise in every matter for if she be unskilful she may make the Labour difficult For sometimes the Midwife orders the Woman to endeavour an Expulsion and to stop her Breath when the Ligaments of the Fetus stick firmly to the Womb so that the Woman is tired before the time of her Delivery
Difficult Labour is known both by the Woman by the By-standers and especially by the Midwife And first if the Woman continue a long time in Labour viz. two three four or more days whereas a natural Birth is finished in 24 hours Another Sign of difficult Labour is languid pains returning at long Intervals also the pains tending backward rather than forward But the Causes of difficult Labour may be known by the Womans Relation and most commonly upon sight So the weakness of the Woman or leanness or over-fatness may be seen by the habit of Body The Diseases of the Womb may be known by their proper Signs the weakness of the Child by the weak and slow motion of it But the signs of a dead Child may be known by the following Chapter The bigness of the Child may be judged of by the stature of the Parents especially if a gigantick Man be married to a dwarfish Woman But when there are none of these Causes and the Womans and Childs endeavours are strong and yet the Labour is difficult it is a sign that the Secundine is so strong that it cannot be easily broken and this will be confirmed if no water or moisture flows out in Labour The preposterous figure of the Fetus may be perceived by the Midwife and other things as has been said by sight As to the Prognostick difficult Labour is of it self dangerous and sometimes the Woman and sometimes the Child and sometimes both are extinguished If a Woman continue in Labour four days she will hardly escape Sleepy Diseases and Convulsions coming upon hard Labour are most commonly deadly Sneesing coming upon hard Labour is good As to the Cure of hard Labour First all those things which retard it must as much as may be be removed afterwards Medicines that further Labour must be methodically administred And first it is common with Women to give a spoonful or two of Cinnamon-water or Cinnamon powdered with a little Saffron or half a drachm of Confection of Alkerms in broath or half a scruple of Saffron alone in some broath or every hour in a little VVine Or Take of Oil of sweet Almonds and of white Wine each two ounces of Saffron and Cinnamon each twelve grains of Confection of Alkermes half a drachm of syrup of Maiden-hair one ounce and an half mingle them make a Potion If these things are not sufficient the following may be used which I have frequently found very effectual Take of Dittany of Crete and both the Birthworts and of Troches of Myrrh each half a scruple of Saffron and Cinnamon each twelve grains of Confection of Alkermes half a drachm of Cinnamon-water half an ounce of orange-flower-Orange-flower-water and of Mugwort-water each one ounce make a Potion Oil of Ambar of Cinnamon and extract of Saffron are very effectual in a small quantity viz. five grains of extract of Saffron four or five drops of Oil of Cinnamon twelve or fifteen drops of Oil of Ambar in VVine Broath or some other Liquor Sneesing hastens Delivery it may be provoked by the following Powder Take of white Hellebore half a drachm of long Pepper one scruple of Castor five grains make a Powder let the quantity of a Pease be blown up into the Nostrils But difficult Labour must be helpt not only with inward Remedies proposed but also with external let the Midwife therefore frequently anoint the VVomb with the Oils of Lillies sweet Almonds Linseed and the like and let the Belly be fomented with an emollient decoction of the Roots of Marsh-mallows Lillies the leaves of Mallows Violets Mugwort of Linseeds Fenugreek-seeds of the flowers of Camomile and Melilot Sharp Glisters are to be injected by the irritation of which the expulsive faculty of the VVomb will be stimulated and the Guts being emptied thereby there will be more room for the VVomb Anoint the Navel with Oil of Ambar and such things as are thought to help Delivery by a specifick quality are to be used as the Eagle's-stone the Load-stone Storax Calamint and the like bound to the Hips and if the Woman has any Gems about her as in Rings or the like they must be pull'd off for many Women think that such things retain the Child by a specifick Quality If the Child seem to be weak it must be refreshed by giving strengthening things to the Mother as hot Wine Confection of Alkermes Cinnamon-water and the like If the Child begins to come forth preposterously as with one Arm or first with the foot or the like the Midwife must thrust them back and turn the Child right which may be done by placing the VVoman in a Bed upon her back with her Head low and her feet high and then force the Child gently into the VVomb and then the Midwife must endeavour to turn it right viz. to turn the Face towards the Mothers back and the Buttocks and Legs must be elevated towards the Mothers Navel and so she must hasten a legitimate Birth But all hopes of Delivery being past or the Mother being near Death some Authors propose the Cesarian Section whereof Franciscus Rossetus wrote an excellent Treatise wherein he endeavours to shew by many Arguments that it may sometimes succeed But because this operation is dangerous and very terrible it ought rarely or never to be attempted by a prudent Physician if he values his own Reputation CHAP. CVIII Of a Dead Child WHen the Child is dead the Motion of it ceases which either the Mother felt before in the Womb or the Midwife with her Hand a greater sense of weight with Pain afflicts the Belly when the Woman turns from side to side she perceives the Child fall like a Stone from one part to another the Belly feels cold the natural Heat being extinguish'd and the Spirits dissipated which were contained in the Child the Eyes are hollow the Face and Lips pale the extream parts cold and livid the Breasts flaccid and at length the Child putrifying a fetid Ichor and Sanies flows from the Womb an ill and strong smell exhales from the Woman's Body and her Breath stinks If the Secundine be excluded before the Fetus it is a certain Sign that the Child is dead The whole Cure consists in the exclusion or extraction of the Child Take of the Leaves of Savin dryed of the Roots of round Birthwort of the Troches of Myrrh and of Castor each one drachm of Cinnamon half a drachm of Saffron one scruple Mingle them make a Powder whereof let her take one drachm in Savin Water In the mean while apply to the Pubes Privities and Perineum an emolient Decoction After the Fomentation anoint the Parts with the Ointment de Arthanita and let a Pessary be put up the Privities Take of the Roots of round Birthwort Orris black Helebore of Coloquintida and Myrrh each one drachm of Galbanum and opopanax each half a drachm With Ox-Gall make a Pessary It is also proper if the Strength be sufficient to give a Purge Angelus
Sala says That he has used with very good success Mercurius Vitae in this Case four or five grains at a time and that it does powerfully exclude a dead Child and is better than other Remedies But it must be used with great Caution because it is a violent Medicine If after having tried Medicines a long while the Child cannot be ejected Chirurgical Operation must be used that is perform'd either by Instruments or by the Hand alone CHAP. CIX Of the Secundine retained IN a Natural Birth the Secundine is wont most commonly to be excluded presently after the Child yet sometimes it is retained whereby the Life is much endangered The internal causes of this Retention are too great a thickness of the Coats so that they stick firmly to the sides of the Womb the swelling of them by an afflux of Humors occasioned by hard Labour and the shutting of the Mouth of the Womb after the exclusion of the Fetus The external causes are coldness of the Air whereby the Secundine is expelled and the orifice of the Womb shut certain Perfumes whereby the Womb is allur'd upwards violent Passions of the Mind as fear and sudden Frights the perversness of the Woman who will not abide in such a position or use such Endeavours as are requisite the weight of the Child whereby the Navel is broken the Secundine remaining within the unskilfulness of the Midwife who cuts the Umbilical Vessels too soon or does not hold them in her left hand as she ought for if they are let go they are drawn back into the Womb and are hid there with the Secundine whereas it ought they serve for the extraction of the Secundine It is easie to be known when the Secundine is retained in the Womb but sometimes a piece of it is separated and remains in the Womb which is not so easily found yet it may be known for that the Womb after delivery endeavours to eject something But tho' its endeavours are but small a sense of Heat and Pain is perceived in the Womb and after a few Days a cadaverous Smell exhales from the Womb. The retention of the Secundine is very dangerous and if it continues some Days an acute Fever Nauseousness Fainting difficulty of Breathing Coldness of the extream Parts Epileptick and Hysterick Fits and at length Death follow The Secundine retained is expelled by the same Remedies which were proposed for a dead Child to which may be added some Specificks delivered by Authors Gesner and Augenius commend much the Testicles of a Horse cut in pieces and dried in an Oven as much of the Powder of them as may be contained with three Fingers being taken in Chicken-Broath and it may be repeated twice or thrice upon occasion Rulandus says He has given with success thirty Drops of the Oil of Juniper Some order the Woman to bite an Onyon three or four times and to swallow the Juice and presently after to drink a small draught of Wine by which she may be soon relieved Forestus mentions a Widwife who received the following Secret from a Jewish Physician He took the Leaves of Green Lovage and pressed out the Juice with good Rhenish-Wine and gave a Draught of it Angelus Sala commends Mercurius Vitae as before in a dead Child To these things may be added Sneezing-Powders Fomentations Liniments and other things both external and internal described above for difficult Labour The following Decoction has been very succesful Take of Vinegar of Roses four or five quarts of the Leaves and Berries of Bayes each three handfuls one Rose-Cake cut in pieces Boil them and with the Decoction hot wash the Hips and Legs from the Groin to the Feet for a long while To this Decoction may conveniently be added of Myrrh and both the Birth-Worts each one ounce But among other things the Hand of a skilful Surgeon may do much before the Inflammation and Inflation are increased for so the Secundine may be gently drawn out and the Woman freed from all the Symptoms and Fatigue of Medicines If the Secundine cannot be ejected by any means but sticks firmly to the Womb and putrifies there Suppuratives must be injected mixed with things that cleanse that that which is putrified may be drawn out by degrees to this purpose Rondoletius commends Basilicon especially being dissolv'd in the following Decoction Take of the Leaves of Mallows with the Roots three handfuls of the Roots of both the Birth-worts each six drachms of Flax-seeds and Fenugreek-seeds each half an ounce of Violets one handful of the Flowers of Camomel and the lesser Centaury each half an handful Make a Decoction in Water mingle Oil with it if you would have it suppurate much but if you more design to cleanse add a little Vnguentum Aegyptiacum CHAP. CX Of a Suppression of the Child-bed Purgations THere is so great a Flux of Humors from all parts of the Womb when a Woman is with Child and during the Commotion in her Labour that in case there be not afterwards sufficient Evacuation of them the Woman is in great danger of very ill Accidents and sometimes of Death it self because these Humors corrupting by their stay there will certainly cause a great Inflammation And this is the reason why the Suppression of the Lochia is one of the worst and most dangerous Symptoms which can befal a Woman after Delivery especially if they happen to be totally and suddenly stopt the first three or four days which is the time they should come down plentifully for then follow an acute Fever great Pains in the Head Pains in the Breast Reins and Loins Suffocation of the Mother and an Inflammation which is suddenly communicated to the Belly which becomes very much swell'd and blown up there happens also a great difficulty in Breathing Choakings Palpitation of the Heart Fainting Convulsions and often Death it self if the Suppression continues and if the Woman over-lives it she is in danger of an Abscess in the Womb and afterwards of a Cancer or there may happen great Imposthumes in the Belly also the Gout Sciatica and Lameness or an Inflammation and Abscess in the Breast The Causes of the Stoppage of the Lochia proceed either from a great Loosness because a great Evacuation that way turns the Lochia and makes them stop or any strong Passion of the Mind so do great Colds and cold Drink To bring the Lochia well down let the Woman avoid all Perturbations of Spirit which may stop them let her lie in Bed with her Head and Breast a little raised keeping her self very quiet that so the Humors may be carried downwards by their natural tendency Let her observe a good Diet somewhat hot and moist and apply an Hysterick Plaster to her Navel Take of the Conserves of Roman Wormwood and of Rue each one ounce of the Troches of Myrrh two drachms of Castor English Saffron Volatil Salt of Sal Armoniack and of Assa Fetida each half a drachm with a sufficient quantity of the
be accustom'd to digest it if it be the Maeconion of the Intestines which by its long stay causes these Pains for to help to discharge them of it give them inwardly a little Oyl of sweet Almonds and Syrup of Roses and to provoke it further give it beets-Stalk cover'd with Hony for a Suppository or a Sugar'd Almond also dip'd in common Honey or you may give a small Glister And when the Child is Grip'd give no Pap because this Food by its Viscosity easily causes Obstructions which afterwards ingender Wind. If the Pain be occasioned by Worms lay a Cloath dipp'd in Oyl of Worm-wood mix'd with Ox Gall upon the Belly or a small Cataplasm mix'd with Powders of Rue Wormwood Coloquintida Aloes and the Seeds of Citrons incorporated with Ox-gall and Flower of Lupines and to drive them downwards if the little Infant can take any thing by the Mouth give it a small infusion of Rubarb or half an Ounce of Compound Syrup of Succory having before given a small Glister of Sugar'd Milk When the Gripes are caused by Wind as it often happens or by sharp Humours in the Guts anoint the Child's Belly all over with Oyl of Violets or else with Oil of sweet Almonds or else with the Oyls of Wallnuts Camomel and Melilot mixed together having first warm'd them in which also a Cloath may be dipp'd to lay upon it and a little Anodyne or Carminative Glister may be given Very frequently the Milk of a Nurse that is red Hair'd given to Wine or very Amorous may by its heat and acrimony cause small Ulcers in an Infant 's Mouth which are called Apthae or the Thrush and Vulgarly Cancers Sometimes also though the Milk have no ill Quality in it self it may however corrupt in the Stomach because of its Weakness or for some other Indisposition Of these Ulcers some are benign as they are caused by a simple heat of the Nurses Milk or by the Child's Blood and Humours being a little Over-heated or also from having had a small Fit of a Fever and they are then very superficial of a small continuance and easily yielding to Remedies Others are Malignant such as are caused by a Venereal Venom or that happen after a Malignant Fever and are Scorbutick these are putrid corrosive and spreading and do not only possess the Superficies of the Membranes which cover the Roof of the Mouth and Tongue but make deep Scabs and are communicated to the internal Parts of the Throat the Venereal ones especially which can never be Cured by ordinary Remedies but must be handled with Specificks without which they ever augment and soon kill little Infants who are too weak to undergo the Remedies fit for their Cure To Cure these Ulcers when they are small and without malignity you must take care to temper the Nurse's Milk prescribing her a Cooling Diet Bleeding and Purging also if there be occasion and wash the Child's Mouth with Barly or Plantain Water and Hony of Roses or Syrup of dryed Roses mixing with them a little Verjuice or Juice of Limons as well to loosen and cleanse the viscous Humours which cleave to the inside of the Child's Mouth as to cool those Parts which are already over-heated This may be done by means of a small fine Rag fastned to the end of a little Stick and dipp'd in the Remedy wherewith the Ulcers may be gently rubb'd being careful not to put them to too much Pain lest by irritating them an Inflammation should be caused The Child's Body must be kept open that the Humours being carried to the lower Parts so many Vapours may not ascend as usually do when the Excrements of the Belly are too long retained If the Ulcers participate of any malignity let topical Remedies then be used which do the Business speedily and as it were in an instant For this purpose touch the Ulcers with Plantain-water sharpned with Spirit of Vitriol taking great care that the Infant swallows none of it and the Remedy must be so much the stronger and sharper as the Ulcers are profound and malignant As soon as they have been cauterized with this Water by only touching them once or twice with it according to their bigness depth or corruption that no sharp Serosities may destil upon the parts not yet ulcerated and upon the Infants Throat wash its Mouth with Plantain-water or with a decoction of Barly Agrimony and Hony of Roses continuing to touch and wash the Ulcers as it may be judged convenient and until you find they spread no further To prevent that in the use of these sharp Medicines not the least portion of them should fall upon the Child's Throat and that by swallowing of them you may receive no great prejudice Some chuse rather to cauterize these Ulcers with small Linnen Tents dipt in boiling Oil and if it should be swallowed it would be no great hurt It will not be amiss to punge the ill Humors out of the whole habit of the Child by giving him half an ounce of syrup of Succory with Rhubarb The Teeth which were hidden in the Jaws usually begin to come forth not all at a time but one after another towards the fifth or sixth Month sometimes sooner and sometimes also later for to effect which they cut the Gums wherewith they were covered Then because of the exquisite sense of those parts there happens so great pains to the Children that many who were hitherto very well are now in great danger of their Lives and often die by reason of many mischievous Accidents which happen to them at that time And Hippocrates says When Children begin to breed their Teeth they are troubled with itching of their Gums Fevers Convulsions and Loosnesses and principally when they breed their Tusks or Dog-teeth especially those Children who are fat and full of Humors and bound The Dog-teeth commonly called the Eye-teeth cause more pain to the Child than any of the rest because they have a deep Root and a small Nerve that has communication with that which moves the Eye The Teeth which are first bred are the Cutting or Foreteeth The Signs when Children will breed their Teeth are when the Gums and Cheeks are swelled they feel a great heat there with an itching which often makes them put their Fingers in their Mouths to rub them from whence much Moisture destils into the Mouth because of the Pain they feel there The Nurse in giving them suck finds their Mouths hotter they are much changed and cry every moment and cannot sleep or but very little at a time And one may feel and see small points of the Teeth through the Gums which appear thin and pale on the top and swelled and red on the sides and if it happen that the Teeth are a long time ' ere they are cut or that too many of them cut at a time there is great danger that the Child will fall into those Accidents mentioned above In this case two things are to be regarded
Powder which may be made into a Bolus with the pap of a roasted Apple or a drachm of the Conserve of Violets let it be taken early in the morning Or Take of Mercurius Dulcis six or ten grains of the Conserve of flowers of Succory half a drachm mix them make a Bolus Let it be taken early in the morning drinking presently upon it a sufficient dose of the purging Infusion or Syrup Chyrurgical Remedies After gentle Purging if the Sick be of a sanguine Constitution Blood-letting is of use Our Empericks use to draw a small quantity of Blood by scarifying the lobe of the Ear which operation they rather perform with a blunt Knife than with a sharp Lancet and they repeat it twice or thrice intermitting about the space of 7 days Altho' Practitioners greatly praise this way by Scarification I do not know but Leeches may be more effectual Neither do I think it is to be fear'd that the sucking of Leeches should cause a greater afflux of Blood to the Head For whatever Blood is drawn to the part by their Sucking is also evacuated by it and as to the greater afflux of Blood by reason of the emptying of the Vessels the same happens in bleeding by the Lancet Issues are also very effectual in this Disease especially an Issue made between the first and second Vertebrae of the Neck The usefulness of Issues consists in that they are very effectual to evacuate the superfluous ferosity of the Brain and also to lessen the irregular form of it and likewise to dry up the too great moisture of the spinal Marrow and consequently to strengthen the Nerves that arise from thence A Seton may be put in the place of an Issue As to Vesicatories it is not to be doubted but that they give ease being applied upon the Vertebres of the Neck or behind the Ears But their Strength is soon gone and the use of them seems to be both troublesom and painful to Children Moreover Cupping-glasses without Scarification apply'd along the Back-bone are very effectual to correct the moist and cold Temperies of the spinal Marrow and to remove the dulness of the Nerves And I think also that they may be applyed upon the upper Vertebres of the Neck with a light Scarification Besides Purging and Chyrurgical Remedies Specifick altering Medicines are to be used to which sometimes Diureticks and Diaphoreticks are to be added of which we shall add some Examples The specifick Remedies that are found most effectual to cure this Distemper are either simple or compound among Simples the following are most approved Wood of Guiacum and its bark Sassafras Lentiskwood Rosemary the knotty parts of Firr the roots of China of Sarsaparilla the three Sanders the roots of Osmund-royal or rather the Cloves of the roots the roots of Sea-fern or rather the buds of them Grass-roots the roots of Asparagus Eryngo Succory Burdock the barks of the roots of Cappers the capillary Herbs and chiefly Trichomanes Ceterach Wall-rue Harts-tongue Liverwort Male-speedwell Agrimony Brook-lime Water-cresses the leaves and flowers of Sage of Rosemary Betony dead Nettle and of Tamarisk also Steel prepared or its Salt or Vitriol Tartar Castor flowers of Sulphur Earthworms Millepides prepared and the like Of which Compositions may be made after this manner Take of the Cloves of the roots of Osmund-royal or the roots of Sea-fern or the Twigs of the roots of it scarcely sprung above Ground onehandful boil them in a pint of Milk or Spring-water to the consumption of a third part Let the strained Liquor sweetened with Sugar be drunk twice or thrice a day Take of the leaves of Tea one drachm of the flowers of Sage Betony each half a drachm put them in a convenient Vessel and pour upon them a pint of boiling Water let them stand close and warm about an hour Sweeten the strained Liquor with Sugar and let it be drunk in the same manner as the former Take of the Cloves of the roots of Osmund-royal of the roots of Burdock Grass succory each one ounce of the herbs Male-speedwel Agrimony Hartstongue Liverwort Maiden-hair each half an handful of the raspings of Ivory and Hartshorn each an ounce of Raisins of the Sun stoned one ounce boil them in two quarts of fountain-Fountain-water to the consumption of a third part add of White-wine or Rhenish-wine half a pint strain it presently and then add to it of the leaves of Water-cresses and Brooklime and of the tops of Fir each half an handful of Juniper-berries half an ounce make a warm Infusion in a close Vessel for about two hours keep the strained Liquor in a Glass well stopt and sweeten it at pleasure The dose is two or three ounces at nine in the morning at three in the afternoon and six in the evening Take of Lignum Lentiscinum Rosemary of the roots of Sarsaparilla flowering Fern or of male Fern each three ounces of the herbs Agrimony Maiden-hair Speedwel Hartstongue Sage Bettony each two handfuls of the teps of Fern and Tamarisk each 2 handfuls boil them in four Gallons of Ale till one is consumed when it has done working in the Vessel put into a bag 200 Millepides washed in Whitewine and gently bruised of Juniper-berries two ounces of Nutmegs cut number two hang the bag in the Vessel and put a piece of Steel into it to make it sink If there be any suspicion of the Scurvy you may add of Water-cresses and Brooklime each two handfuls after a fortnight let it be drunk for the ordinary drink But the Medicine which is most approved of in this Disease is ens veneris five or six grains of it may be taken every night at bed time in half a spoonful of syrup of Gillyflowers If the Lungs are stuffed with viscid Humors as happens often and the Mesentery with scropholous Glandules Balsam of Sulphur may be given three or four drops being mixed with Sugar-candy powdered and taken morning and evening Sometimes the use of Steel agrees but it must not be used in Coughs Pleurisies a stoppage of the Lungs and hectick Fever and the like To the foresaid Remedies are sometimes added Diaphoreticks as a decoction of Guaiacum or the like which must be taken in Bed and Sweat must be promoted according to the strength The Bath-water also is very proper and is excellent to take off the swelling of the Belly The following artificial Bath is much commended Place the Sick in a large Vessel and put round him warm Barly fermented which has been a while infused in boiled Water as is usually done for making Beer cover him well and let him abide in it to provoke sweat Of the Symptoms Regard must be had to the Symptoms coming upon this Disease the most frequent whereof is a Loosness for the Cure whereof gentle Catharticks as an infusion of Rhubarb and Tamarinds and of Sanders or a Bolus made of them is of use But sometimes Astringents and gentle Opiats may be used but Purging and sometimes Vomiting
must go before Sometimes immoderate sweating afflicts the Child which if it follow a feverish Fit is critical and ought not to be rashly stop'd but if it flow inordinately it is a Sign that the Body is oppressed with ill Humors and therefore this sort of Sweat must be corrected by a gentle Purge especially with Rhubarb A Vomit does also good sometimes in this case Aperitives also and such things as help Concoction must not be omitted Moreover breeding of the Teeth difficultly is familiar to this Disease which often occasions a Fever in which case gentle Evacuations especially by Glisters must be made tho' sometimes Purging and Vomiting gently are of use If the Tooth be about to pierce the Gum Nurses are wont to rub the Gum with a piece of polished Coral but the roots of Marshmallows or sharp pointed Dock will do as well But sometimes it is necessary to cut the Gum to make way for the Tooth and to apply Blisters behind the Ears and if there be great pain and watching Hypnoticks must be used as one or two drachms of Diacodium in a spoonful of Cowslip-water Besides internal Medicines and chirurgical Helps external things also must be used as Exercises of all sorts and if the Child be able walking frequently if not he must play sitting or be carried about in the Nurses Arms and the like Frictions are also good in this case with warm Flannels the parts to be rubb'd are the Spine which is primarly affected and the muscular Parts but with this caution that you must not rub the Bones where they stick out but you may rub freely the concave parts of the Bones Ligatures are also of use which are to be made above the Knee and above the Elbow but they ought to be soft and loose Boots are also of use but you must take care that they press a little upon the protuberant part of the bone and scarce touch the cavity Bodice are also to be used to keep the Body upright Swinging is also necessary Lastly we will mention some things that are to be applied outwardly A fomentation of all sorts of Wine also common Aqua Vitae is very good to corroborate the nervous parts which must be used for the weak parts and especially for the Spine which being done the parts must be anointed with Oil or some proper Ointment which we shall mention by and by and instead of Wine the following Decoction may be used Take of the roots of Osmund-royal or of male-fern three ounces of the leaves of Bettony Sage Rosemary Marjoram Water-cresses each one handful of the flower of Camomel Melilot and Elder each one pugil of the berries of Lawrel and Juniper each half an ounce boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain Water to a quart add of White-wine or of common Aqua Vitae one pint keep the strained Liquor for use Take of the leaves of Elder Lawrel Marjoram Sage Rosemary Bettony and the tops of Lavender each two handfuls of the berries of Juniper and Lawrel each one ounce cut them and bruise them and put them into a Vessel with three pound of May butter or of fresh butter not salted and add to them half a pint of Aqua Vitae boil them to the consumption of the Aqua Vitae and while the strained Liquor is hot add half an ounce of the Oil of Nutmegs by expression and one drachm of Peruvian balsam mingle them make an Ointment Instead of May-butter Beef Marrow or Deers Suet and Oil of Worms or Oil of Foxes each one pound and an half may be used The Ointments must be applied warm before a hot Fire and naked with a warm hand till the parts are dry If the Belly be hard and swelled the following Ointment must be applied Take of the Oils of Cappers Wormwood and Elder each one ounce of the Ointment above described one ounce and an half of Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar half an ounce make a Liniment Whilst Ointments are applied to the Hypochondres the bowels must be handled by the Nurse If the Lungs are affected the Breast must be anointed with the pectoral Ointment or with the Ointment of Marsh-mallows or both mixed together and at the time of Unction a little Oil of Nutmegs by expression may be mixed with it The Nerve-Plaster or a Plaster of Bettony may be apply'd to the Spine CHAP. CXV Of the Gout THe Gout chiefly seizes those Old Men who after they have lived the best part of their Lives tenderly and delicately indulging themselves freely with splendid Banquets Wine and other spiritous Liquors at length by reason of the sloth that always accompanies old Age wholly omit those excercises of Body which young Men are accustomed to Moreover they who are obnoxious to this Disease have large Skulls and are most commonly of a gross habit of Body moist and lax and of a lusty and luxuriant Constitution the best and richest foundation for Life Not that the Gout only seizes those that are corpulent for sometimes though seldomer it invades thin People nor does it wait always till they are Old for sometimes it seizes those that are in the flower of their Age when they have receiv'd the unhappy Seeds of the Disease from their Parents as it were ex traduce Or if this be not the cause they have too early us'd Venery or have quite forsook violent Exercises that they us'd formerly Moreover they have great Stomachs and have drank spirituous Liquors immoderately and afterwards they have suddenly betook themselves to thin and cooling Liquors I will discourse of this Disease as it proceeds regularly and afterwards of its anomalous and uncertain Phaenomena When the Gout is regular it seizes the Patient most commonly after this manner about the latter end of January or at the beginning of February it comes suddenly and for the most part without giving any notice except that the Patient has been troubled with indigestion and crudities of the Stomach for some Weeks before Moreover the Body is oppress'd and puff'd up with Wind which daily encreases till the Fit thunders upon him but a few days before it comes the Thighs are benummed and there is as it were a descent of Wind through them with convulsive motions and the day before the Fit the Appetite is sharp but not natural He goes to Bed and to sleep well but at two a clock in the morning is wak'd by the pain seizing either his great Toe the Heel the calf of the Leg or the Ankle This pain is like that of a dislocated Bone with the sense as it were of Water almost cold pour'd upon the Membranes of the part affected presently shivering or shaking follows with a feverish disposition the pain is very gentle but increases by degrees and in like manner the shaking and shivering go off and that hourly till towards night it comes to its height accommodating it self neatly according to the variety of the Bones of the Tarsus and Metatarsus the Ligaments whereof
it seizes sometimes in a manner resembling a violent stretching or tearing those Ligaments sometimes the gnawing of a Dog and sometimes a Pressure Moreover the part affected has such a quick and exquisit pain that 't is not able to bear the weight of the Cloaths upon it nor hard walking in the Chamber and the night is not only pass'd over in pain upon this account but also by reason of the restless turning hither and thither till two or three a clock in the morning viz. a night and a day being spent from the first approach of the Fit at which time the Sick has suddenly ease and now being in a breathing sweat he falls asleep when he wakes he finds the pain much abated and the part affected swell'd the next day and perhaps two or three days after if the Matter apt to degenerate the Gout is copious the part affected will be in pain but 't will be eased about the Cock's crowing within a few days the other Foot will be in pain as the former was and if the former has left off aking the weakness which render'd it infirm will presently vanish After it has vext the Feet the Fits that follow are irregular both as to the time of invasion and duration yet the pain always returns in the Evening and is less in the Morning and of a series of these small Fits consists that which is call'd a Fit of the Gout But when the Gout is disturb'd by improper Methods or by the obstinate continuance of the Disease the very substance of the Body being as it were perverted to the nourishment of the Disease and Nature unable to eliminate the same by its wonted method then the Phaenomina are much different for whereas the pain was hitherto only troublesom to the Feet which are the genuine seat of the peccant Matter and if it possesses any other parts 't is most certain that either the method of the Disease has been alter'd or that the vigour of the Body is by little and little diminish'd now it possesses the Hands Wrists the Arms the Knees and other Regions tormenting these as much as it us'd to do the Feet for sometimes distorting one or more of the Fingers it makes them like a bunch of Parships taking away the motion by degrees and at length it generates stony Concretions about the Ligaments of the Joints sometimes the Matter occasioning the Disease thrust upon the Arms causes a whitish swelling almost as big as an Egg which is by degrees inflam'd sometimes falling upon the Thigh it feels as if there were a great weight hanging upon it yet without any considerable pain but passing to the Knee it handles that more severely And whereas the Gout before did not use to invade before the latter end of Winter and was wont to go off after two or three Months now it continues upon the Sick a whole year excepting only two or three of the hot Months The Sick is also afflicted with many other Symptoms as with a pain of the Hemorrhoidal Veins and with unsavory Belchings and upon Yawning especially in the morning the Ligaments of the Bones of the Metatarsus are violently pull'd and sometimes when Yawning does not go before the Sick just dropping asleep suddenly feels a blow as it were of a Club breaking in pieces the Metatarsus Women are very seldom troubled with the Gout and if they are not till they are old or unless they are of a masculine habit of Body As to the Cure Bleeding Purging and Sweating are not indicated but the Intention of curing is to be directed to the helping Concoction Whatsoever therefore assists Nature in duly performing her Offices whether in comforting the Stomach that it may rightly concoct the nourishment or the Blood that it may well assimulate the Chile brought into it or the solid Parts that they may the better convert it to their proper substance the Juices designed for their nourishment and increase Lastly whatever preserves the various Organs of Excretion and the Emunctories of the Body in such a state as that they may be able to discharge duly and orderly the Excrements of each part This and such like conduce to the answering this intention and are properly called Digestives whether they are Medicines or a course of Diet or Exercise or any other of those things which are called the six Non-naturals Medicines of this kind are those in general which moderately heat and are bitter or gently bite the Tongue for they are very agreeable to the Stomach they purify the Blood and comfort all the Parts The Remedy which I use is made in the following manner Take of the roots of Angelica sweet-smelling Flag Master-wort Elecampane leaves of common Wormwood the lesser Centaury white Horehound Germander Groundpine Scordium Calaminth meadow Saxifrage S. John's-wort golden Rod Feverfew Thyme Mint Sage Rue Carduus Benedictus Penny-royal Southern-wood of the flowers of Camomil Tansie Lilly of the Vallies English Saffron of the seeds of Treacle Mustard Garden scurvy-grass Carraways Juniper-berries each a sufficient quantity let the herbs and flowers and roots be gathered when they have most vertue in them let them be dried and kept in Paper-bags till they may be finely powdered To six ounces of each well mixed add a sufficient quantity of purified Hony and Canary-wine to make an Electuary Take two drachms morning and evening Or for want of this use the following Take of conserve of Garden-scurvygrass an ounce and an half of Roman Wormwood and of the yellow rind of Oranges each one ounce of candied Angelica and of Nutmegs candied each half an ounce of Venice Treacle three drachms of compound Powder of Wake robin two drachms make an Electuary with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Oranges let him take two drachms twice a day drinking upon it five or six spoonfuls of the following water Take of the roots of Horse-radish sliced three ounces of Garden-scurvygrass twelve handfuls of Water-cresses Brooklime Sage and Mint each four handfuls the peels of six Oranges two Nutmegs bruised of Brunswick Mum six quarts distil them in a common Still and draw only six pints of Water for use Among the Medicines commonly known Venice-Treacle is the best but because it contains a great many Species that heat too much and besides a great deal of Opium the Electuary above-mentioned may be more commodiously prepared of the chief heating Vegetables but we must take care to chuse such Simples as are pleasant to the taste for the Sick must take it a long while viz. almost as long as he lives Among the Simples the Peruvian-bark is the best for it strengthens the Blood and renders it vigorous if some Grains of it are taken morning and evening A Mediocrity is to be observed in Meat and Drink so that neither more nourishment be taken in than the Stomach can concoct Nor on the contrary must the Parts by too much Abstinence be defrauded of that proportion whereby their Strength and Vigour
ought to be sustained Morever as to the quality of the Meat though things of easy digestion considered by themselves are to be preferred before things of hard digestion yet regard must be had to the Patient's Palat for we must take notice That that which the Stomach earnestly craves for though of difficult digestion is sooner concocted by Nature than that which is accounted to be of easier digestion if it be offensive to the Stomach but those things that are reckoned of hard digestion are therefore to be eaten more sparingly And I suppose the Patient ought to feed upon one sort of Meat at a meal for various sorts of Flesh eaten at once disturb the Stomach more than one sort eaten in the same quantity as to other things besides Flesh let him eat at pleasure if they are not sharp nor salted nor spiced As to the times of eating a Dinner is only necessary for the Bed being most proper to digest the Humors that time ought not to be wasted about concocting the Meat therefore they that are subject to the Gout should not eat Suppers yet they may allow themselves a large draught of small Beer for such are inclinable to breed the Stone in the Kidnies the concretion whereof is much hindred by such kind of Liquor drunk at this time the Reins being cooled and cleansed thereby The drinking of Milk or a Milk-diet either crude or boiled without any thing else except perhaps a piece of Bread with it once a day has been much used this 20 years and it has done more good to many than any other sort of Remedy for this Disease as long as they kept to it but as soon as they return to common Diet though of easy digestion the Gout returned more violently than before and held them longer therefore he that intends to betake himself to this method ought first to consider seriously whether he can persist in the use of it all his Life long which perhaps is not in his power how resolved soever he may be For I knew a Noble Man who after he had been dieted with Milk only a whole year with pleasure all which time he went to Stool daily once or oftner was forced to leave it off by reason he was suddenly bound in Body and the temper of his Body altered and because at length his Stomach nauseated Milk tho' the inclination of his Mind still continued but some Hypochondriacal People of a gross habit of Body or who otherwise have accustomed themselves much and a long while to spirituous Liquors can by no means bear a Milk-diet As to Liquors those in my opinion are best that are neither as strong as Wine nor as weak as Water of which sort is our London small Beer either with or without Hops for extreams on either hand are hurtful But now though it may be sufficient for him that has the Gout but little and at sometimes only to use small Beer and diluted Wine the degree of his Disease not requiring more severe usage yet when the whole substance of the Body is as it were degenerated into the Gout he will be less able to conquer the Disease who does not wholly abstain from any sort of fermented Liquors though small and mild therefore a dietetick Drink must be prescribed for his ordinary Drink The following pleases me best Take of Sarsaparilla six ounces of Sassafras China and the shavings of Hartshorn each two ounces of Liquorish one ounce 〈◊〉 them in two gallons of fountain-Fountain-water for half an hour afterwards let them stand covered in hot ashes 12 hours afterwards boil them to the consumption of a third part As soon as it is taken from the fire infuse in it half an ounce of Anniseeds after two hours strain it and let it stand till it is clear keep the clear Liquor in Glass-bottles for use This Liquor is most conveniently us'd at first when the Patient recovers of the Fit and he must persevere in the use of it all the rest of his Life as well when he has the Fits as at other times at the same time the foresaid Electuary must be us'd daily as well in the Fits as when they are off Yet if the Sick by reason of a long and too great use of intoxicating Liquors or by reason of old Age or Weakness cannot concoct his Meat without Wine or some other fermented Liquor he cannot leave it off suddenly without great danger the doing whereof has been fatal to very many therefore in my Opinion he shou'd not use the dietetick Apozem at all The Sick must go to bed early for besides Bleeding and Purging nothing does so much destroy the strength of Nature as watching a-nights Moreover Tranquility of Mind must by all means be obtain'd but the exercise of the Body is more profitable than all other things that are us'd to hinder the indigestion of the Humors and to corroborate the Blood and to restore strength to the parts but unless 't is used daily 't will do no good yet it must not be violent As to the kind of Exercise riding on Horseback when old Age and the Stone do not hinder is much to be preferrâ—d before the rest if this cannot be used riding in a Coach does almost as well And on this account at least it is well with gouty People for their Riches which enticed them to Luxury whereby the Disease was bred can provide them a Coach which kind of exercise they may use when they cannot the other But it is to be observed that it is best to use exercise in a good Air viz. in the Country and not in the City where the Air is filled with Vapors exhaling from the Shops of various Artificers and thickned by the closeness of the Buildings as it is here in London which is generally supposed to be the largest City in the whole World As to Venery old and gouty People must not indulge themselves in it But notwithstanding what has been said of the utility of exercise in the Fits of the Gout if the Sick by reason of the violence of the Fit is as it were overwhelmed presently by the first assault of it which happens to those for the most part in whom the Gout has now come to its height nor is yet grown gentle by a course of many years In this case if the Sick is confined to a Chamber it will also be convenient that he keep his bed for some of the first days till the violence of the pain is abated for the bed does somewhat supply the want of Exercise For the continual use of it does more powerfully digest the morbisick Matter in a few days than keeping up in many especially at the beginning of the Disease if the Sick can abstain from Flesh without fainting or other ill Symptoms and can be contented only with Barly-broath small Beer and the like But you must take notice that if the Gout is inveterate and inclines the Sick to Fainting Gripes and Loosness
but it proceeds from an Ague and must be cur'd as that is There is also another sort of Rheumatism which comes near the Scurvy and requires in a manner the same Cure and therefore I call it a scorbutick Rheumatism the pain seizes sometimes this sometimes that part but seldom swells nor is it accompanied with a Fever nor is it so fixt but is of a more wandering and uncertain disposition and accompanied with irregular Symptoms Sometimes it seizes this or that Member and then presently it affects only the inner Parts and occasions Sickness which goes off again when the pain of the external Parts returns and so afflicts the Patient by turns and continues a long while like those Diseases that are accounted most Chronical it chiefly seizes Women and Men of a weakly nature They who for a long while have us'd the Peruvian-bark are subject to this Disease which by the by is the only inconvenience I â—ver knew follow upon the use of this Remedy but however it be whether the Disease take its rise on this occasion or from any other cause 't is very easily cur'd by the following Remedies which should have been kept secret if I had a greater regard to my private Advantage than to the publick Good for by these alone I have cured many Afflicted after the manner I have described Take of fresh Conserve of Garden scurvy-grass two ounces of Wood-sorrel one ounce of the compound Powder of Wake-robin six drachms make an Electuary with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Oranges The dose is two drachms to be taken thrice a day for a month drinking upon it three ounces of the following Water Take of Garden scurvy-grass eight handfuls of Water-cresses Brook-lime Sage and Mint each four handfuls of the peels of six Oranges of Nutmegs bruised half an ounce infuse them in six quarts of Brunswick-mum and distil them in a common Still and draw off three quarts for use The precise dose of the compound Powder of Wake-robin must be observed or at least it must not be lessened CHAP. CXVII Of the Pestilential Fever and of the Plague of the years 1665 and 1666. THE Plague rarely rages violently in England oftener than once in the space of 30 or 40 years The last dreadful Plague destroyed 8000 in the space of a Week notwithstanding that two thirds at least of the Citizens of London fled into the Country for fear of the Infection Its first approach was always accompanied with shaking and shivering like the Fits of an Ague presently violent Vomitings a pain about the region of the Heart as if it were pressed a burning Fever with the usual concourse of Symptoms perpetually molest the Sick till either Death it self or a happy eruption of a Bubo or Parotis discharges the morbifick Matter and so frees them from that deplorable condition It does indeed now and then happen but it is seldom that it comes without any sense of a Fever before and suddenly destroys Men the Purple-spots which are the Fore-runners of present Death breaking out as they are about their Business It sometimes also happens That Tumors appear when neither a Fever nor any other grievous Symptom went before As to the Cure if a Tumour has not broke out I bleed moderately with respect to the strength and temperament of the Sick and afterwards a Sweat is easily and soon raised whereas otherwise it is not only very difficulty procured but there is also danger lest the Inflammation should be heightned by it and so the Tokens forced out and the benefit of the Sweat immediately following abundantly compensates the loss of Blood which how little soever it be would otherwise be very injurious After Bleeding which must be performed in Bed when all things are in a readiness to promote Sweat without any manner of delay I order the Patient to be covered quite over with Cloaths and that a piece of Flannel be bound to the forepart of his Head and indeed this covering of the Head conduces more to the procuring Sweat than any one would easily imagine afterwards if the Patient does not vomit I give these and the like Sudorificks Take of Venice Treacle two drachms of the Electuary of the Egg one scruple of compound Powder of Crabs Eyes twelve grains of Cochinel eight grains of Saffron four grains with a sufficient quantity of the juice of Kermes make a Bolus which let him take every sixth hour drinking after it six spoonfuls of the following Julep Take of Carduus water compound Scordium water each three ounces of Treacle water two ounces mingle them make a Julep But if the Patient be troubled with Vomiting as he is very frequently in the Plague and other pestilential Fevers I defer the giving of Sudorificks so long as till he begins to Sweat by means of the covering only excepting that sometimes I put part of the Sheet over the Face to collect the Vapors for which is indeed very well worth Observation when the Rays of the morbifick Matter extend themselves to the circumference of the Body the Loosness and Vomiting that were occasioned by their being inwardly reflected and cast upon the Stomach and Bowels cease presently of their own accord so that how great soever the preceding subversion of the Stomach was the Medicines that are taken afterwards are easily retained and procure Sweat as well as can be wished I order That the Sweat should be continued for the space of a natural day by Sage-posset-drink or Mace-ale now and then taken and I strictly forbid That the Patient should be any way cleansed neither indeed do I permit that the Shirt how moist and foul soever it be should be changed within the space of 24 hours from the end of the Sweat which I would have observed with the greatest caution But if the Sweat be circumscribed in a narrower compass of time the violence of the Symptoms soon returns and the health of the Patient is very uncertain which a longer continuance of the Sweat would have put out of danger If any defection be perceived towards the latter end I permit the Sick to take a little Chicken-broath the yolk of an Egg or the like which with Cordials and Draughts commonly used to keep up the Sweat abundantly repair the Strength I admonish that Cold be carefully avoided that their Cloaths dry on their Body of their own accâ—â—d and that all Drinks are taken somewhat hot and that the use of Sage-posset-drink be continued for the space of 24 hours after the Sweat The next morning I give a common Purge viz. of the infusion of Tamarinds of the leaves of Sena of Rhubarb Manna and syrup of Roses solutive and with this method the next year after the Plague I recovered very many that were seized with the Pestilential Fever so that not one died of this Disease that was under my care after I began the use of the same But where the Tumor has been out already I have not hitherto ventured to bleed
Disease from the Heart This method above others has been most successful in my practice viz. That the Patient be kept in his Bed only two or three days after the Eruption that the blood may gently breath out according to its own genius through the Pores of the Skin the inflamed Particles which offend it and that he have no more Cloaths nor Fire than he is wont to have when he is well I forbid all Flesh and allow him Oatmeal and Barly-broaths and the like and sometimes a rosted Apple his Drink must be either small Beer or Milk boil'd with treble the quantity of Water I oftentimes mitigated the Cough which almost continually accompanies this Disease with a draught of some pectoral Decoction or with a Linctus fitted for the purpose but above all the rest I took care to give Diacodium every night through the whole course of this Disease For Example Take of the pectoral Decoction one pint and an half of syrup of Violets and Maiden-hair each one ounce and an half mingle them and make an Apozem take three or four ounces three or four times a day Take of Oil of sweet Almonds two ounces of syrup of Violets and Maiden-hair each one ounce of white Sugercandy a sufficient quantity mingle them and make a Linctus of which let the Sick lick often especially when his Cough troubles him Take of black cherry-Cherry-water three ounces of Diacodium one ounce mingle them for a draught to be taken every night But if the Patient be an Infant the dose of the Pectorals and of the Narcotick is to be lessened with respect to the Age. But if by means of too hot Cordials and too hot a Regimen the Patient be in danger of his Life after the Measles go off which is very frequent by the violence of the Fever and the difficulty of breathing and other Accidents that use to afflict those that have a Peripneumonia I have bled the smallest Infants in the Arm and have taken away that quantity of Blood which their Age and Strength indicated with very great success and sometimes when the Disease has been obstinate I have repeated bleeding The Loosness also which follows the Measles is also cur'd by bleeding What we have now said of the Cure of those symptoms that come upon the going off of the Measles may be sometimes also of use when they are at their height if they are occasioned by a false and artificial heat I was called to visit a Maid-servant that had this Disease together with a Fever difficulty of Breathing and purple spots all over her Body with very many other dangerous symptoms all which I attributed to the hot Regimen and hot Medicines which were too much used I ordered her to be bled in the Arm and I prescribed a cooling pectoral Ptisan to be taken often by the help of which and a temperate Regimen the purple Spots and all the other symptoms vanished by degrees CHAP. CXX Of a continual Fever FIRST I observe That the inordinate commotion of the Blood the Cause or Companion of this Fever is stirred up by Nature either that some heterogenious Matter contained in it and inimical to it should be excluded or that the Blood should be changed into some new disposition I reckon that the true and natural Indications that arise in this Disease shew That the commotion of the Blood must be kept to that degree which is agreeable to Nature's purpose that it does not rise too high on the one hand from whence great symptoms flow nor be depressed too low on the other by which means the protrusion of the morbisick Matter may be hindred or the endeavours of the Blood affecting a new Condition frustrated so that whither the Fever takes its rise from heterogeneous Matter provoking it or from the Blood affecting a new State in either case the Indication is the same These things being premised I institute the method of Cure in the following manner When I am called to Patients whose Blood of it self is weak as it is most times in Children or when it wants Spirits as in old Age and in young Men weakned by long Diseases I forbear bleeding for if I should bleed such their Blood being already too weak it would be rendred altogether unfit to perform the business of Despumation But when I have to do with those whose Blood is of a contrary Nature such as is wont to be in young Men of a robust Constitution and sanguine Complexion I order Bleeding in the first place which cannot be omitted here without hazard beside in some other cases to be mentioned hereafter for otherwise not only Phrensies Pleurisies and such-like Inflammations may be feared but also by reason of the superfluity a Stagnation of the whole Mass As to the quantity I only take away so much Blood as I conceive will free the Sick from such dangers he is obnoxious to by the immoderate commotion of the same furthermore I regulate the Estuation by repeating Bleeding or omitting it by using or forbidding the use of hot Cordials and lastly by keeping the Body loose or stopping it as I perceive the commotion is high or low After Bleeding if it be necessary according to the cases above-mentioned I diligently enquire whether the Patient was enclined to Nauseousness at the beginning of the Fever and if so I presently prescribe a Vomit unless the tender Age or some great Weakness of the sick forbid it Truly a Vomit is so necessary when an inclination to Vomiting has preceded that unless that Humour be expelled it will occasion many difficult Symptoms that will hinder the Physician in performing the Cure and will very much endanger the Patient a Loosness is the chief and most usual of these which most commonly follows in the declination of the Fever as often as Vomits are Indicated The Vomit I frequently use is this following Take of the infusion of Crocus Mettalorum six Drachms of Oxymel of Squills and compound Syrup of Scabious each half an ounce mingle them make a Vomit which I order to be taken in the Afternoon two hours after a light Dinner And that the Vomit may succeed the better I appoint six or eight pints of Posset-drink to be provided for these Medicines are dangerous if they are not washed off and therefore as often as the Patient Vomits or goes to Stool he must presently take a draught of it by which means the Gripes will be prevented and he will vomit easier It is to be Noted that if the condition of the Patient requires Bleeding and Vomiting it is safest to bleed first for otherwise whilst the Vessels are distened with Blood there is great danger lest by violent straining to Vomit the Vessels of the Lungs should be broken and the Brain hurt and so the Patient may die Apoplectick of which I could produce some Examples if I thought it convenient let it suffice that I warn you to use great caution in this case If any one should ask
in the Throat then wandring pains begin towards night to affect the Shoulders Arms Legs Head and about this time appear in the Fundament Warts and other kind of Proturbances also about this time Tumours arise in the Breast Arms Legs and become Ulcers that are difficultly Cured The pains growing more fixed Nodes usually arise and continually afflict them but towards night grow more intolerable Co-incident with several of these later degrees are the noise in the Ears Deafness a Polypus Opthalmia the Fisâ—ula Lacrimalis fierce Catarrhs Colick Loosness and Consumption Authors upon the entrance of the Pox into Christendom generally lookt upon it as not only Incurable but also so highly infectious that they ran away from it as much as the Jews did from the Leprosie but later Ages and long experience have made it less formidable yet even to this day it must needs be acknowledged difficult to Cure in consideration of its malign and contagious quality and the ungovernable disposition of the Patients If the habit of the Body be strong the cure of all the species of the Pox whether they be Chancer Pustles Tetters or eating Ulcers or Ulcers in the Throat and Nose are much easier cured than the same are in many other chronick Diseases but to root out the malignity is somewhat more difficult If the Patient has been Clapt formerly it will be more difficult to cure him the second time and worse the third If he has passed through long courses of Mercurial remedies ineffectually his Cure will be difficult and if he has been Salivated by unction and relapsed the Cure will be hard by reason the Mercury is become familiar to him and his Body is for the most part wasted Nodes are more difficultly Cured than any of the Species above mentioned and those whose Bones are corrupted are yet more difficult to cure but if the habit of the Body be strong and the Bowels sound all the Species of this Disease are curable if the Patient keep his Chamber and submit to the rules of Physick and Diet without which submission we can scarce cure the lesser Species If the Bowels be unsound or the Patient hectick the Disease is incurable As to the Cure though Bleeding does not take off the Disease yet in the very beginning of it we usually let Blood to quiet the fermentation of the humours and to dispose them for evacuation and prescribe a Glister before or after If the Disease be of long continuance and they have been let Blood some Months before yet if we design Salivation we do again let them Blood if the Body be not too much wasted for in some of those a Fever has happened in the time of raising the Salivation and in Bodies of a Strong habit I have often seen them to break out in heat all over in the beginning of the Flux so that then I have been necessitated to let them Blood when it was not so proper But when there is a Bubo in the Groin bleeding is not proper But purging is more Universally necessary Of Purges some are only lenitive as Manna with Cream of Tartar in Whey or Posset-Drink Tamarinds Cassia Senna Rhubarb lenitive Electuary and the like Stronger Purges are these that follow Take of the Leavs of Sena four ounces of Gummy Turbith Hermodactiles each two ounces of black Helebore and of the pulp of Coloquintida each six drachms of the raspings of Guiacum and Sassafras each one ounce of the Bark of Guiacum of the Berriei of Juniper of the outward Peel of Citrons each half an ounce of Cinnamon four Drachms infuse them in equal parts of the Water of Baulm Meadow sweet and Carduus Benedictus for forty eight hours then boyl them gently and press them out strongly in the strained Liquor dissolve too ounces and an half of Aloes one ounoe of Diagrydium evaporat them to the form of an extract for use The Dose is half a Drachm or a Drachm Take of Pil. Coch. min. A Scruple or half a Drachm Mercurius Dulcis twenty Grains make six Pills Or Take of the extract above mentioned of Gum Guiacum half a Scruple of Mercurius Dulcis one Scruple with Syrup of Buck-thorn make pills Vomiting is of use in great disorders of the Stomach when the foulness of that requires it or when the Ulcers of some particular part require a sudden revulsion so likewise when after the use of much Mercury outward or inward to Salivate it does not rise kindly they generally give strong Vomits if the party can bear them viz. some preparations of Mercury as Turbith Mineral and the like or Crocus Metallorum But in weaker constitutions such as we may The next thing which offers it self to our consideration is Salivation without which few great Cures are done in this Disease The methods of Salivating are diverse but all by Mercury Inwardly are prescribed various preparations of Mercury When we design Salivation by Mercurius dulcis we give it from twenty to twenty five grains and sometimes to thirty either in a spoonful of white Bread and Milk or in conserve of red Roses or the like when we suspect it may worke by Stool we prescribe it with Diascordium or Venice-Treacle at Bed time If after taking of it four or five Days their Chops do not swell it may be reasonable to move it upward with a few grains of Turbith Mineral according as their Chops swell they will Salivat if their Mouths be much ulcerated and swelled the Salivation may last eighteen or twenty Dayes during which they are to be kept warm especially about their Head Neck and Chops and to drink Chicken Broath or Posset Ale Arcanum Corallinum as it is generaly sold in the Shops may be given from three grains to five one Dose of it prescribed to a Woman Vomited her often and Salivated twenty Days Red Precipitat is also Vomitive but being well washed may be taken as safely as the white Precipitat White Precipitat may be given proportionably as has been said of Mercurius dulcis Turbith Mineral made of Vigo's Precipitat is best twelve or 18 grains of it may be taken at a time but that which is sold in the Shops is a rough Medicine and must be given in a less quantity There is also a way of raising a Salivation by suffumigation the prescription whereof is as follows Take of Cinnabar two ounces of Crude Mercury one ounce of Mastich Frankincense and Sandarach each half an ounce of Storax Calamit and Benzoin each three drachms make a fine powder of all and with Turpentine make Troches each weighing three drachms for use But when the Pox is grown inveterate and affects the most solid parts with Node's and the like Salivation by unction must be used Take of Lard two ounces of Crude Mercury one ounce mix them well You must begin the unction in the following manner the Patient must lodge in a close warm Chamber if the Season be cold the Windows must be covered with
Blankets and the Bed must be placed near the Fire and encompassed with a Skreen if the Chamber be large you ought also to have a strong healthy Nurse such as has been accustomed to the employment that she may know how to wash the Patients Mouth and direct and encourage him in such rules as may be necessary in the time of Salivating The most proper place for unction is a Stove if it may be had and the Patient can bear it if he be weak his Bed must be used otherwise for want of a Stove he must sit encompassed with a Screen by the Fire side but not too near it He must anoint himself begining at the Feet and then the Legs Thighs Hips and so upwards taking in the Arms and Shoulders the Belly must not be anointed and indeed much of the trouble in weak Bodys may be spared for in such the anointing of the Legs and Arms may be sufficient the parts first anointed ought to be covered before you proceed to the next as the Legs with Stockings the Thighs with Trousses and the like at last his Neck must be well wrapp'd with a Napkin tacked up to his Cap round about to his Ears and fastened before to keep his Chops warm after this a warm Bed will be convenient and a Draught of Posset-drink to procure a breathing sweat having reposed himself an hour or two he may rise and provide for his Dinner which must consist of Meat of easie digestion Roast or Boyl'd at his Dinner he may drink Beer or Ale with a Toast the rest of the Day he must be confin'd to Posset-drink You must use a third part of the Ointment at a time and continue dayly to use it for three Days following when the Patient spits you must keep him to Posset-drink or Chicken-Broath also a Cordial must be at Hand to prevent fainting his Mouth must be syringed with Barly-Water and Liquorice and the like New Milk held in his Mouth or Chicken-Broath will ease the pain and digest the Sloughs that rise a rolled Clout ought to be placed between his Teeth to keep his Chops from closing he must be rais'd high in the Bed if his weakness constrain him to it and kept forward that the Rheum may run out of his Mouth and not down his Throat but if he can rise he will spit the better and more plentifully Salivation by unction commonly lasts twenty four or twenty five Days sometimes to the thirtieth Day In the hight of it our work is to keep up the strength and if through Costiveness they Spit little give them a Glister that they may Spit better and attend the washing their Mouths but as the Sloughs begin to separate which will be towards the declension of the Salivation prescribe them a decoction of Sarsa or the like to drink at least thrice a day and before the Slough is quite cast off purge them and as they are able to eat Meat put them into a drying diet and sweat them as shall be shewed in its proper place It happens sometimes in anointing that their Mouths are much Ulcerated and their Breath smells strong yet their Cheeks do not swell nor do they Spit considerably in which case forbear the anointing and consider the cause of it and if the body be strong and plethorick Vomit them with Turbith or infusion of Crocus metallorum But if they are weak or costive administer a Glister and if afterwards it rise not dispose them to Sweat with draughts of warm Posset Ale or bath them for that way it will sometimes arise when with the other it will not But if they have faintness palpitation of the Heart shortness of Breath Fever and the like your best way will be to purge it off with an infusion of Sena and the like with the adition of Syrup of Roses solutive or of Syrup of Buckthorn and keep up their Spirits the while with Cordials and good Broaths if their Lungs be opprest let them Blood and prescribe Lohochs but if there be also a suppression of Urine or if they make but little and high coloured purge them with Barnet or Epsom Water turned into Posset and quicken it with some purging Syrup If by these ways of purging the accidents remit and the Salivation rises it is well but if it does not yet there being a colliquation made you may by well purging strict diet sweating and the like obtain your end While you are removing the abovesaid accidenâ—s you must have a special regard to the Ulcers within their Mouths for it is from the fixing of the Mercury that those malign Ulcers are made which the less sensible they are of them the more corrupt they are Sometimes by raising the Salivation by unction it passes downwards by Stool in which case we prescribe Venice-Treacle Diascordium Laudanum Opiatum and the like which being given at Night will not only strengthen their Bowels but dispose them to rest and incourage them to go on in the anointing a Vomit of Turbith mineral After the unction has been some while used does frequently raise the Salivation and after it is well raised you may heighten or continue it by the application of some of the following Plasters But if after all your endeavours to raise the Salivation it does discharge it self by a loosness with great evacuation you are then to defend the Intestins from the acrimony of the humours by Glister of Chicken-broath lest the bloody Flux follows Inwardly we prescribe large draughts of Chicken-Broath a Decoction of burtnt Hearts-horn and Milk-water boyled with a Stick of Cinnamon After the Flux is stopt you must consider the strength of the Patient and if the Sick be very weak you must not insist upon Fluxing but proceed with Sudorificks and the like not doubting of success in the Cure for such a loosness does for the most part contribute as much to the Cure as if they had Salivated There is yet another way of Fluxing and that is by the application of Mercurial Plasters about the Arms Legs and the like they were first designed I suppose for the more tender and delicate sort of People who would not admit of the unction Take of Diachylon with Orris one pound of Red-Lead Plaster eight ounces of Gum Carranna and Tacamahaca each four ounces of Benzoin Storax Calamit and Ambar each two ounces of Liquid-storax and of Peruvian Balsam each a sufficient quantity mingle them over the Fire and when it is removed from the Fire add eight ounces of Crude Mercury extinguished with Turpentine make a Plaster These being spread upon a Cloath thick and applyed you must then put them into a warm Bed and with a draught of warm Posset-drink sweat them dayly and treat them as has been said in the Salivation by unction If it arise not by the first Plasters you must apply fresh once in four or five days and if there be occasion you may hasten the Salivation by a few grains of Turbith Mineral I have
each one ounce make a Decoction in two quarts of Barly-water boil it to the consumption of a third part in the strain'd Liquor dissolve of syrup of dried Roses and Diamoron each three ounces of Hony two ounces make a Lotion With this the Ulcer may be washed daily either by Syringing or Gargling but if the Ulcers be behind or over the Palate the best way to cleanse them will be to pass the Injection up into the Nostrils but the Patient must keep his Mouth full of Water all the while to prevent Coughing If the Ulcers are sordid dress them with the Lac sublimate upon an armed Probe if there be a Caries in the bone of the Palate touch it with Aqua divina Fernelii if the bone be corrupted through 't will be necessary to wear a plate In Ulcers of the Nose the matter usually mixing with the excrementitious humours dryes in the passage and thereby prohibits the discharge and increases the ulceration and also the Caries and therefore you are in the first place to supple and remove that by casting up mucilaginous decoctions Take of cleans'd Barly one ounce of the roots of Marsh-mallows two ounces of the Seeds of Quinces three Drachms of Liquorish two drachms boyl them in a quart of fountain-Fountain-water to the strain'd Liquor add three ounces of Oyl of Almonds let it be injected often in a day the mucus being thus removed inject the following Water Take of Sarsaparilla sliced three ounces infuse them twenty four hours in three pints of plantain-plantain-water then boyl half away towards the end add of the Leaves of Agrimony Sage and the tops of Brambles each one handful of red Roses and Balaustines each half an handful quench Steel often in the strain'd Liquor and add to it two drachms of Roch Alum and make an Injection This will cleanse the Ulcers and in the mean while you may by Anti-venereals hasten the exfoliation of the Bones and consolidation of the Ulcers For the extirpation of Warts and the like Excrescencies magisterial water of Alum lac Sublimati Spirit of vitriol and the caustick Stone are proper when these will not do the business the Ligature and Knife and actual cautery will but the growing of them again must be prevented by Anti-venereals To cure the fluttering noise in the Ears arising in this Disease Take of the bark of Guiacum one drachm of the bark of Sassafras two drachms of Castor four scruples of the flowers of Lavender one drachm and an half of Cloves half a drachm of Spirit of Wine rectified eight ounces make an Infusion in a glass Vessel twenty four hours upon hot Ashes keep the strain'd Liquor for use Put some of this daily into the Ears warm with Cotton To ease Pains Take of Lard four ounces of Oil of Scorpions two ounces of the Oils of Camomil Rosemary and Sage each half a drachm of Petroleum and Spike Oil each one drachm of London Laudanum one Scruple more or less mingle them and anoint the Part. If Nodes cause the Pain apply the Plaister of Frogs with four times the quantity of Quick-silver CHAP. CXXVII Of the Itch and Spots and Pimples in the Face OFten and constant eating of salt Fish or Flesh and dryed in the Sun also Drinks that are disagreeable and poysonous do commonly cause cutaneous eruptions also the Humour gathered in the cutaneous Glands sometimes by meer Stagnation becomes not only itchy but oftentimes corruptive wherefore not only they that have been long kept in Prison but also they that have liv'd a Sedentary Life and are used to Filth and Stinks are subject to these Diseases As to the cure of the Itch there are two primary Indications First that the glandulous Humour be reduced to a due disposition Secondly that the pores of the Skin be freed from ichorus concretions The preservative Indication respects these two things First that the itchy Humour does not regurgitate upon the Blood and nervous Liquor Secondly that itchy Humour if it be fallen upon the noble Parts be eradicated All these intentions of Healing ought to be complicated or at least provided for by turns by external and internal Remedies You must begin and end with Purging and Bleeding if nothing contra-indicates must be used at the beginning Alteratives must be also used and Liniments and Baths or Topicks of other kinds I will set down some choice forms of Medicines of every kind and first as to Purges a Purge or a Vomit must be given at the beginning and after bleeding if it be used a purging Apozem or Diet-Drink must be taken for seven or eight days Take of the Electuary called Diacarthamum three drachms of the Species called Diaturbith with Rhubarb one drachm of Cream of Tartar and Salt of Wormwood each half a Scruple of the purging Syrup of Apples a sufficient quantity make a Bolus Take of Sulphur of Antimony grains seven of Scammony sulphurated grains eight of Cream of Tartar half a scruple make a Powder Take of the Roots of Polipody of the Oak of sharp-pointed Dock prepared each one ounce of the leaves of Sena ten drachms of Turbith Agarick and Dodder of Thyme each one ounce of the seeds of Carthamus half an ounce of yellow Sanders two drachms of the Seeds of Anise and Caraways each two drachms cut them and beat them and digest them hot in two quarts of White-wine in a Vessel close stopped for twenty four hours pour off the clear Liquor without pressing The Dose is six ounces either by themselves or with a spoonful of the Syrup of Dodder of Thyme Or Take the fore-said Ingredients and boyl them in three quarts of fountain-Fountain-water till half is consumed then add a pint of White-wine strain it presently to be taken as before Or Take of the roots of Polypody of the Oak of sharp-pointed Dock each three ounces of the best Sena four ounces of Dodder of Thyme Turbith and Mechoacan each two ounces of yellow Sanders one ounce of Coriander-seeds six drachms prepare them according to Art make a Bag for four Gallons of Ale after five or six days Tap it and take three quarters of a pint more or less every morning for eight or ten days For the ordinary drink provide four gallons of small Ale and hang in a Bag in it the following Ingredients Take of the tops of Tamarisk and Fumitory dryed each four handfuls of the roots of sharp-pointed Dock dryed six ounces of the bark of Woody Night-shade two ounces cut and beat them As to altering Remedies there is little need of others besides the altering drink above prescribed only the Patient must observe a good course of Diet he must forbear salt and peppered Meats Shell-fish and such as are Pickled also Wine strong-Strong-waters and strong Beer As to Ointments the following is commonly used Take of the powder or flower of Brimstone half an ounce of Butter that is not Salted four ounces of Ginger powdered half a drachm make a Liniment The following is neater though not
it before in those parts but if he be delirious or paralitick the Suppression of Urine may be imputed to either of these Diseases The Compression that is made by Tumours of those or of the neighbouring parts or by other Causes above mentioned may be known by the proper Signs of those Diseases The Obstructions of the Channel of the Bladder may be known by probing it with a Wax Candle or a Catheter and if they do not penetrate but stop in the Passage it is a Sign that a Stone or a Caruncle or some other Matter obstructs and these things that obstruct may be distinguished viz. If a Stone stop the Channel Nephritick Pains went before if it fell from the Reins and if it was bred in the Bladder or lay a long while there the Signs of the Stone in the Bladder preceded at least some of the gentlest of them if a Caruncle stop the Passage a virulent Gonorrhea preceded or an Ulcer in the Passage of the Yard that emitted purulent Matter for a long time Lastly If clotted Blood or concreted Matter or thick Pus occasioned the Obstruction small parts of them have been evacuated through the Yard or have stuck to the Catheter when it has been used A false Ischury may be known for that there is no Tension nor no Tumour nor Weight in the Region of the Pubis but rather a Vacuity is perceived there there is no desire of making Water nor no Irritation of the Bladder and when the Catheter is used it passes in easily but Signs of the Stone in the Kidneys went before or of an Inflammation of the Ureters or of great Fullness or large Drinking went before but little Urine followed upon which account the Veins were too much filled Or Lastly there is a burning Feaver or a Dropsie whereby the Serous Matter is diverted As to the Prognostick A Suppression of Urine is very dangerous if it exceed the Seventh Day it certainly kills for the Serum regurgitates upon the whole Body and the Patient is in danger of a Suffocation or a Coma. Suppression of Urine occasioned by a Wound in the Spine or by reason of a Luxation of a Vertebra is incurable If the Smell of Urine can be perceived from the Mouth or Nostrils of the Sick it is deadly If a Tenesmus come upon a Suppression of Urine the Sick dies in seven Days The Hickops also indicate sudden Death The Cure of a Suppression of Urine whether it be total or partial is to be directed to the taking off the Causes And First The false Ischury that depends on the Diseases of the Reins or Ureters must be cured in the same manner as an Inflammation a nephritick Pain or the Stone in the Kidneys But that which proceeds from a Fulness of the Emulgent Veins must be cured by large Bleeding and by Hydragogue Medicines A true Ischury must be also cured by Remedies that take off the cause producing it And First If it proceed from an Inflammation of the Bladder or neighbouring Parts it must be cured as an Inflammation of the Bladder is but if the Suppression is caused by a Stone thrust into the Neck of the Bladder it must be removed by the following Remedies First The Sick must be laid upon his Back and his Legs must be elevated and he must be shook much and a long while that the Stone may fall back into the Bladder and if by this means it cannot be moved it must be forced back with a Catheter but if the Stone has passed into the Passage of the Yard we must endeavour by all Ways to exclude it by moving gently with the Fingers towards the end of the Yard and also by dipping the Yard into warm Milk or by placing the Sick in a Bath to enlarge the Passage But if it will neither go backwards nor forwards Practitioners teach that it must be cut out the upper and lower part being tied But an Obstruction of the Neck of the Bladder which proceeds from an Inflammation must be cured by proper Remedies for an Inflammation But in the mean time if the Urine be retained too long it may be gently let out by a Wax-candle dipt in Oyl of sweet Almonds But you must forbear the Use of a Catheter least Pain being occasioned you should increase the Inflammation thereby But the Suppression of Urine which proceeds from a Caruncle must be cured by the Extirpation of the Caruncle This must be done by proper Remedies thrust in by a skillful Chirurgion upon a Wax-candle But Necessity urging for sometimes the Caruncle swells and obstructs the whole Channel we must use the Catheter to evacuate the Water though there is danger that the Part will swell more But you must first endeavour to lessen the Inflation of the Caruncle by Bleeding and Vomiting and by repelling Medicines applied to the Pubes and Perinaeum If the Suppression of Urine be occasioned by thick Flegm Purging is first convenient with Diaphaenicon and Rubarb made up in a Bolus and afterwards Turpentine must be given frequently with Powder of Liquorish afterwards a Decoction of the opening Roots may be given with Oxymel and Byzantine Syrup In the mean while Glisters Fomentations and emollien and opening Baths must be used and all those things are proper that are proposed to dissolve or expell the Stone And amongst the rest the following are found by Experience peculiarly proper Take of Benedictum Laxativum half an ounce of the Troches of Mirrh two scruples of a Decoction of Savin three ounces mingle them make a Potion whereby a Suppression of Urine was cured in a short time in a certain Woman If there seem to be abundance of Flegm in the whole Body a universal Purge by an Apozem prepared for three or four Days must be ordered which is proper at the beginning Bleeding being first used A Julep also of the Juice of Pellitory of Sea-fennel and of Lemmons with Oyl of sweet Almonds is also very beneficial Dodoneus mentions an Observation of one of eighty Years of Age that was perfectly cured of a Suppression of Urine by only using once a Lee made of the Ashes of Egg-shells mixed with Rhenish-wine Arnoldus Villa Novanus commends Winter-cherry-wine and he mentions a Cardinal who had not made Urine for four Days and was much swelled was cured by drinking Winter-cherry-wine the Wine was made by beating five or seven or more winter-cherries with good White-wine afterwards it must be strained Millepedes also beat and given in White-wine are very Effectual to provoke Urine Oyl of Scorpions of Mathiolus also forces Urine powerfully five or six drops of it being given with Broth or some other Liquor The frequent use of Sal-prunella does also the same especially when there is danger of an Inflammation which is often occasioned in the inner Coat by the Urine too long retained Spirit of Salt also does the same but is more effectual the Juice of Pellitory clarified and four ounces of it given with half an