with various irregular motions An Asthma also may come from the obstruction of the Origens of the Nerves seated in the Cortex of the Brain An Asthma may come from the Origens of the Nerves obstructed proceeding often from a quantity of Blood as in soporiferous Disaffections compressing the extremities of the Nerves whence the intercostal Muscles play with great difficulty making a deplorable Asthma Sometimes an Asthma may proceed from the narrowness of the Blood-vessels as not able to give a free reception to the mass of Blood An Asthma flowing from narrow Sanguiducts which happen in Convulsive Asthmas wherein the circular fleshy Fibres being unnaturally contracted do lessen the Cavity of the Vessels and hinder the motion of Blood whence ensueth a great difficulty of Respiration An Asthma may proceed from a great quantity of Blood other times an Asthma may be fetched from a great quantity of Blood distending the Blood-vessels which compress the neighbouring Bronchia and Sinus of the Lungs and highly discompose Respiration as the numerous receptacles of Air being straightened in their Cavities are not able to entertain a sufficient quantity of Air in one Inspiration whereupon the Lungs are acted with double and treble Diastoles and Systoles to make good Respiration Another Asthma may be produced by an ill conformation of the Breast An Asthma may come from an ill Conformation of the Breast as affected with narrowness hindring the free play of the Lungs in Respiration Sometimes it proceedeth from the Organs of motion consigned by nature to the inlargment of the hollow perimeter of the Thorax in order to celebrate Inspiration made by the help of the Diaphragme and intercostal Muscles The Coats are hindred in their Contractions The intercostal Muscles cannot play when the animal Spirits are intercepted The intercostal Muscles are hindred in their motion in their inflammation An Asthma coming from ill Air. either in the interception of the Animal Spirits not flowing into the Nerves of the said Muscles caused by the compression of the extremity of the Nerves in the ambient parts of the Brain as it hath been hinted above in a former Discourse The intercostal Muscles are also hindred in their motion in an Inflammation caused by a quantity of Blood lodged in the Interstices of Vessels compressing the carnous Fibres which doth hinder their free play and render Respiration difficult An Asthma also may be fetched from variety of Air either on the tops of high Mountains where we hardly breath in an Air not impregnated with store of nitrous Particles Or when it is gross and stagnant in Fenny places whose watry parts depress the nitrous where persons affected with ill masses of Blood labour with great difficulty of Breathing which is also celebrated in a close hot room and in a Church filled with a great croud of People spoiling the Air with fuliginous steams The Cure of this Disease is chiefly managed by three Indications The Three Indications in an Asthma the one in reference to the Blood and the other in relation to the motive Organs of Respiration and a Third in point of Convulsive motions belonging to the disaffections of the Brain and Nerves If the Blood offend in quantity Bleeding is proper in an Asthma a Vein is to be opened in the Arm with a free Hand and in case of an Effervescence of the Blood temperate Pectorals and cooling Emulsions are to be advised If the Blood be gross as confaederated with a crude Chyme productives of an Asthma by reason the Phlegme is thick lentous and clammy it indicates attenuating inciding and detergent Pectorals made of the Roots of Iris Enula-Campane Asparagus Dogs-grass Hysop Horehound of which some may be boiled in Water to which Four Ounces of White Wine may be added and being strained it may be sweetened with Syrup of the Five opening Roots of Hysop Maidenhair A Linctus may be made of Oxymel of Squills Saffron Gum Armoniack dissolved in Hysop water which is good in this disaffection as also Spirit of Harts-horn given in a pectoral Decoction Sometimes an Asthma may proceed from a gross Blood Bleeding is good when the Blood stagnates in the substance of the Lungs as being stagnant in the Interstices of the Vessels and afterward its motion is again procured upon Bleeding which taketh off an Inflammation and giveth freedom of Breathing by making good the circulation of Blood An instance may be given of this Case An Instance of this Case in Mr. Ainsworth a Dyer who being in the Sixty seventh year of his age was roughly treated by a rude fellow who had more of Drink then Wit tripping up his Heels and breaking his Ribs by a great fall as being a fat heavy Man whereupon he being let blood he seemed to be partly well for a day or two and then was highly oppressed with a great difficulty of Breathing and ratling in his Throat even almost to a Suffocation attended with an intermittent Pulse proceeding from the gross Blood In order to his relief I immediately ordered him to be let Blood Twelve Ounces out of the Arm and pectoral Apozemes and Lambitives made of Oil of Linseed and Sugar-Candy as also of several sorts of opening pectoral Syrups and various Oxymels and after letting him Blood the Third time his Asthma and intermittent Pulse were wholly quieted and the Patient God be praised hath enjoyed his Health these many years In case of great store of watry Humors afflicting the Bronchia Gentle Purgatives may be proper to discharge the watry Recrements of the Blood clogging the Lungs and Sinus of the Lungs gentle Hydragogues may be advised with Pectorals as also pectoral Apozemes mixed with Diureticks and Antiscorbuticks which speak a great advantage in an Asthma accompanied with a Dropsy with which may be mixed Spirits endued with volatil as also Millepedes added to the former Medicines As to the Organs of Respiration as the Diaphragme c. which being disaffected I refer you to their particular Cures The Third Indication of an Asthma Convulsive motions in Asthmas may be cured by proper cephalick Medicines relating to Convulsive motions proceeding from an ill Succus Nervosus denoteth Cephalick Medicines of distilled Waters made of Lime-Flowers Lilly of the Valley Peony the cephalick Water of Langius Compound Paeony and briony-Briony-water dulcified with Syrup of Lime-Flowers Lilly of the Valley Paeony to which may be added some drops of palsey-Palsey-water Spirit of Salt Salt Ammoniack Harts-horn c. distilled with Gum Ammoniack Vesicatories are very beneficial in this and all other kinds of Asthmas which do much alleviate a difficulty of Breathing which is also effected by the application of Cupping-Glasses O Most Good and Glorious Agent Who shall Declare thy wondrous Works that hath made all things in elegant Order due Number Weight and Measure And hast framed the Midriffe as a moving Floor enlarging and contracting the Breast and the Mediastine as a Partition-Wall dividing the
The Pathologie of the Gulet THe Gulet is discomposed by variety of Diseases where the power of Swallowing suffereth a total loss or at least a Diminution of its Operation proceeding from a disaffection of the Brain spoiling or weakning the tone of its Fibrils or from some Tumour in the Gulet or from various Swellings of the adjacent parts compressing the passage of it or from a strange degeneracy of the substance of the Gulet rendring it uncapable to Contract it self or from some External Error as being stopped by some Extraneous Matter And last of all the action of the Gulet is depraved by unnatural Motions and Convulsions The Operation of the Gulet is very much discomposed Deglutition is wholly lost by the defects of Nervous Liquor or by its grossness or wholly taken away by reason of a disaffected Brain causing a Resolution or weakning of the tone of the Muscles belonging to the Gulet for want of Animal Liquor and Spirits when the origen of the Nerves is obstructed in the Cortex of the Brain caused by the grossness of the Nervous Liquor or when the Nervous Fibrils are more or less straightned by the Swellings of the Membranes or Ambient parts of the Brain compressing its Fibrils Whereupon the Current of the Animal Liqour and Spirits is wholly intercepted or checked in its Motion The course of the Animal is intercepted by Tumours of ambient parts compressing the origen of the Fibres of the Brain into the Extreamities of the Nervous Fibrils so that it cannot be transmitted at all or only in a small quantity into the Par Vagum implanted into the Muscles of the Gulet whence its Nervous and Tendinous Fibrils are despoiled of or lessened in their Motion and thereupon not able at all or not vigorously to Contract themselves to lessen the Cavity of the Gulet and thereby to protrude the Aliment into the Cavity of the Stomach whence ensueth an Abolition or lessening the faculty of Deglutition The lost power of Deglutition The Animal Liquor stopped in the processes of the Brain may also proceed from a straightness of the Nervous Fibrils in their progress through the Processes of the Brain made by stuffing its Ventricles with a gross clammy Matter squeesing the Interstices of the neighbouring Filaments so close together that they are not receptive of Animal Liquor whence its course is impeded into the Par Vagum and its Branches terminating into it whereupon the Nervous Liquor is rendred destitute of its Motion and the Swallowing Faculty seated in the Gulet is taken away A Countryman having often Debauched himself to Intemperance with strong Liquor was surprized with a sudden loss of Swallowing which he survived but a small time and then his Head being opened the Ventricles were found full of a gross Viscid Matter compressing the Nervous Compage of the Brain In order to the Cure of Sleepy Disaffections of the Brain producing Diseases in the Gulet proceeding from gross Humours Purging and Cephalick Potions are very proper in sleepy Diseases of the Brain obstructing the Fibres of the Brain Purging Medicines may be advised mixed with Lime Flowers Lilly of the Valley Paeony and other Cephalicks which may be given also in Decoctions without Purgatives mixed with Cephalick Waters of Langius Compound Paeony Compound Lavender sweetned with Syrups of Cephalick Flowers and with Simple Waters of Paeony Lavender Betony Black Cherrys and to every Dose of these Vehicles may be added twelve drops or more of Spirit of Harts Horn or Salt Ammoniack succinated in Spirit of Castor c. Clysters are also very proper in these Distempers made of a common Decoction to which may be added Leaves of Rue Mel Anthosatum the Lenitive Electuary or any other proper Purgative Electuaries And last of all when Universals have been Administred Fumes of Amber and Sternutatories Blistering Plaisters may be advised Blistering Plaisters are useful in these Diseases which are very proper in all Cephalick Distempers disordering first the Brain it self Per Idiopathiam and afterward the Gulet and other parts Per Sympathiam Another cause of the Abolition or Diminution of Swallowing Lost or diminished Swallowing may be derived from an Inflammation or any Tumour compressing the Bore of the Gulet may proceed from an Inflammation or any Tumour shutting up or lessening the Cavity of the Gulet by bringing its sides more or less close whereby the passage of the Meat and Drink is hindred in its motion toward the Stomach Another cause of ill Swallowing may arise from a lump of Flesh growing in the Fauces and stopping up the entrance of the Gulet Of which an Instance may be given in a Young Man which had a large fleshy substance filling the hinder part of the Mouth so that the beginning of the Gulet was so closed up that it was not capable to give admission to Meat and Drink The Gulet is subject also to a lessened or abolished Deglutition Lost or lessened Deglutition may also proceed from the swelling of the Palate Tonsils and parts adjacent to the entrance of the Gulet by reason of the Palate Tonsils and other parts adjacent to the entrance of the Oesaphagus are more or less swelled by a quantity of Blood Pituitous or Salival Liquor transmitted into the Interstices of the Vessels whereupon the neighbouring parts of the Gulet growing very much distended beyond the bounds prescribed by Nature do more or less obstruct the Mouth of it and either lessen or take away Deglutition Swallowing may be disaffected by some hard Body falling into the Cavity of the Gulet Sometimes Swallowing may be disaffected by some hard Body a Bone or the like transmitted into the passage of the Gulet in which it sticketh causing a great Torture and difficulty of Deglutition which offereth a great Violence to the Gulet and by great Pain and sometimes Laceration of the Capillary Arteries the Blood is Extravasated in the substance of Oesophagus whence sometimes followeth first an Inflammation then a Gangraen and last of all a Mortification of the Gulet Fabritius Hildanus among his Observations giveth an Instance of this Case Juveni ait ille cum inter caenandum ossiculum in Gula remansisset tota nocte ut illud rejicere possit occupatus fuisset sequenti die Circa vesperam ad me venit Cathaeterem incurvatum clementer in Oesophagum immisi ea qua potui diligentia exploravi quo in loco infixum posset esse ossiculum sed nihil praeter naturale invenire potui praeter augustiam quandam Oesophagi eregione laryngis ea quidem in parte ubi de dolore non tamen pungitivo sed obtuso conquerebatur Cum itaque Curationem instituere vellem Barbitonsorem accedit qui per aliquot vices instrumentis in guttur immissis malum adeo exacerbavit ut aucto dolore tandem nihil amplius deglutire possit quare iterum Octavo Die in consilium vocor tum collum undique durum tensum supra modumque ad
Assimilation into the substance of the Body CHAP. LVII Of a Cough and Consumption and their Cures IN thin distillations Linctus made of Syrup of Jujubes Coltsfoot The Cure of thin Distillations dried Roses mixed with powder of Gum-Tragacanth Arabick are very profitable In great Catarrhs flowing from hot thin recrements of the Blood incrassating Pectorals mixed with Syrup of Red Poppy de Meconio and drops of liquid Laudanum Cydoniatum are proper which do thicken the thin acide Humors and hinder distillations and in this case Balsome of Peru and Tolu are very beneficial As also Tablets of Red Roses prepared with Diacodium and Trochisces prepared with Extracts of Liquorice and Sulphur which do restore the loose Compage of Blood to its due tone and preserve it from superabundant serous Recrements flowing in too great fusion As to the Second Indication Gentle Purgatives mixed with Pectorals as proper in Coughs in reference to discharge the Recrements of the Blood fitted for Secretion gentle Purgatives of Manna Syrup of Peach-Flowers added to pectoral Decoctions prepared with Senna may be administred and afterward Diureticks made with Roots of Dogs-grass wild Asparagus Bruscus Leaves of Golden-rod with the cooling Seeds and Millepedes boiled in water to which when strained a little White-wine and Syrup of the Five opening Roots may be added In this case also testaceous Powders of Crabs-Eies and Claws of Pearl Coral c. may be given which take off the acidity of the Blood and promote Sweats which are proper in the beginning of a Cough when Bleeding and Purging have been celebrated The Third Indication is satisfied in corroborating the Lungs Corroborated Medicines are good in Laxe Lungs by shutting up the too much opened Pores of the Bronchia and their Sinus whereby their loose Compage is rendred more firm by pectoral Medicines mixed with gentle astringents made of the Roots of Tormentil Cumphrey Daysies mingled with the Leaves of Bugles Prunel c. boiled in Barley water and after straining it may be sweetned with Syrup of dried Roses Coral c. These and the like Medicines strengthen the weak frame of the Lungs and hinder the motion of hot thin recrements of Blood by Incrassation which is also effected by Linctus prepared with Syrup of Field-Poppy dried Roses de Meconio mixed with the species of cold Diatragacanth to which may be added some drops of Laudanum liquidum an excellent Medicine in Distillations falling into the Air-vessels which are generated by thin hot or acide Recrements of the Blood Before I Treat of the Cure of a Consumption The causes of a Cough I shall endeavour to speak more fully of a Cough and particularly of the Chincough of Children Coughs as I humbly conceive proceed chiefly from gross Phlegme which is crude Chyme running confused with the Blood and is transmitted through the more loose Compage of the Bronchia and their annexed Sinus into their Cavities by the terminations of the Bronchial and pulmonary Arteries or else the Blood growing sower like Milk as Dr. Willis phrazeth it doth quit its native sweet Ingeny and its serous parts are brought into a Fluor by exalted saline Particles whereupon the acide Recrements being thin and Fluide do easily insinuate themselves through the pores of the Air-vessels into their Cavities so that their membranous substance composed of numerous nervous Fibrils finely interwoven is very sensible of the burden of Recrements lodged in their bosom and do contract their Right fleshy Fibres drawing the annular Cartilages of the Bronchia closer to each other and do move their circular carnous Fibres inward thereby narrowing the Cavities of the Cylinders of Air with a strong impulse of Breath in Expiration whereby the Faeces of the Blood oppressing the Bronchia are violently ejected into the Mouth Another kind of Cough Of a Chin-cough with Convulsive motions called vulgarly the Chin Cough afflicteth Children with severe repeated Fits in which they are acted with Convulsive motions producing a great difficulty of Breathing even almost to Suffocation interrupting suspending or perverting the choice Oeconomy of Nature in the acts of Respiration and for the most part the Midriffe is Convulsed either of it self or by the agitation of the adjacent parts so that it seemeth to lose its motion in extraordinary pauses either by intermitting sometimes its Systole and other times its Diastole for too great a space beside the order of Nature so that the acts of Respiration seem now and then to cease and other times to be disorderly as performed in a Convulsive manner The continent cause of the Chincough is most sharp The continent cause of a Chincough and almost a continued irritation of the Bronchia of the Lungs from thin sharp recrements of the Blood producing many repeated Contractions of the fleshy Fibres to discharge the load lodged within the many Concave surfaces of the Pipes The matter of the Chincough seemeth to be a quantity of thin sharp recrements of the Blood perpetually distilling out of the terminations of the Arteries into the Cavities of the Bronchia and uncessantly provoking the nervous and fleshy Fibres of the Lungs to expel the Acide Faeces of the Blood having a great recourse to them And I humbly conceive The cause of Convulsive motions in a Chincough the cause of the Convulsive motions of the nervous Fibrils in the Chincough to be an ill nervous Liquor full of Elastick parts derived from the Brain and communicated to the nervous Fibrils of the Bronchia Therefore in this Disease not only the recrements of the Blood as in other Coughs but the depraved nervous Liquor is to be amended also which produceth Convulsive agitations of the machines of motion in the Breast In this case Moss of the pale and other Moss in divers preparations is often given sometimes it is powdered and mixed with Sugar-Candy and taken in some proper pectoral Decoction or simple Waters of Hysop Ooltsfoot Powder of Moss is also mingled with Milk of Sulphur and used in the said Vehicles as also boiled in Milk Moss in reference to its taste seemeth to be endued with an astringent quality whereby it shutteth up the too much dilated pores of the Bronchia and annexed membranous Cells and restraineth the Flux of thin and hot Recrements of the Blood into the Cavities of the Air-pipes Sometimes a gentle Vomitory of Oxymel of Squills proveth very successful in the Chincough as also Syrup of Peach-Flowers mingled with Simple or some Compound Briony-water is of great benefit Decoctions of Sarza-parilla and China may be taken Diet-drinks are proper in this Disease instead of Beer for an ordinary Drink as boiled in Water with Raisons of the Sun and a little Liquorice Blood letting is good in a Cough relating to a plethorick Constitution of body infused a moment or two Children endued with plethorick Constitutions as abounding with great store of Blood will admit of Bleeding to two or three Ounces with
Mopishness may be derived from other Diseases as they proceed from diverse Causes some being accidental as Mopishness flowing from other diseases of Madness Hypocondriacal distempers Hysterick Epileptick and Apoplectick Fits c. Whereupon the Succus Nervosus is often thickened and effaete as having lost its more volatil saline Particles whereupon the Animal Spirits are rendred few and pawled as having lost their more fine Particles whereby they become disabled to exert the Animal Faculties And I humbly conceive Mopishness may proceed from a natural defect of Sense and Reason that Stultitia or Stupidity ariseth out of a natural defect of Sense and Reason proceeding from the ill Figure and Conformation of the Brain and when the Succus Nervosus and its more select Particles are naturally indisposed as being hereditary imparted from vitiated seminal Liquor of Parents which is much more difficult to be cured A hereditary Mopishness then the acquisite diaffection of Mopishness which in time by due methods of Physick may be cured in some degree As to the Prognosticks of Stupidity The Prognosticks of Mopishness if it be in a high degree wholly or for the most part cancelling the acts of right Reason and Imagination especially if it be Connate and Hereditary doth shew it incurable yet Children that are somewhat stupid and dull in the acts of Wit and Judgment in riper years get their parts more elevated and obtain a better use of Reason and Sense as having the temper of the Succus Nervosus and Animal Sprits endred more refined and volatil If this Disease be accidental and acquisite as proceeding from some gentle Cephalick Diseases it may be cured and the Animal Faculties return to their regular operations But if Stupidity or rather Mopishness be derived from an inveterate Epilepsy or a Lethargy Coma Carus or Apoplexy the Malady proveth incurable as having the Crasis of the nervous Liquor and Animal Spirits wholly perverted If a Lethargy be not of any long continuance as also a Comatose indisposition it may admit a Cure and the Animal Powers and their acts may be reduced in some degree if not fully to their Original temper as having the Brain and its peculiar Juyce and Spirits repaired by a proper course of Physick which I have seen in many of my Patients Sometimes this Disease is it be not too deeply radicated having not long perverted the Oeconomy a supervening Fever in some sort may produce a Cure as refining the Blood and nervous Liquor and Spirits by Fermentation whereupon their impure Recrements are thrown off by Urine and a free transpiration through the excretory Ducts of the Skin so that the Vital and Animal Liquor being depurated the Spirits recover much of their former Crasis As to the Cure of this Disease This Disease in some case may admit a Cure if it do not arrive to a great degree of Stupidity but rather an extraordinary dulness in the exercise of the acts of Reason and Sense it may in some sort admit a recovery by the assistance of a good Tutor as well as a Physician which may contribute much by good Rules and Precepts of Art to the advancement of heavy parts affected with a mean apprehension and Judgment The advice of a Physitian may be proficuous as giving good prescriptions of proper Medicines to depurate the Vital and Animal Liquor and Spirits by rendring them active and volatil and by dispelling the dark Clouds and Vapours of the Brain to make way for the reception of lucid Particles perfective of the Animal Spirits the immediate instruments of the Animal Powers In plethorick Bodies labouring of Stupidity and Mopishness Bleeding may be used with good success in this Disease a Vein may be opened in the Neck Forehead Arm as also Leeches may be applied to the Haemorrhoidal Veins Fontanels may be made in the Arm Neck between the Shoulders Footanels proper in Mopishness or in the inside of the Thigh or Leg to divert gross Recrements from the Brain and relieve the Blood and nervous Liquor and its more spirituous Particles whereupon they become more fit instruments to celebrate the operations of the Brain Purging Medicines prepared with Cephalicks Purging Medicines prepared with Cephalicks may be very proper in these Diseases to refine the Blood and Succus Nervosus so that the Animal Spirits may be exalted and the Crasis of the Brain rendred laudable duely to exert the acts of Imagination Memory and Reason Apozemes are very advantageous made of Lime-Flowers Cephalick Apozemes Lily of the Valley Betony Sage Rorismary to which may be added Compound paeony-Paeony-water Syrupe of Paeony Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley Spirit of Hartshorn and Salt of Ammoniack succinated Spirits may be given in a draught of Black-Cherry Water Lime Water or Lily of the Valley Paeony and the like Morning and Evening A Magistral distilled Water may be good A Magistral distillâ—d Water prepared with the Flowers of Betony Sage Majoram the Flowers of Rorismary Sage Lime Lily of the Valley Paeony Nutmegs and besprinkle them with Canary for Twelve hours and afterward distill them in a large quantity of Milk in a Rose Still to this distilled Water may be added a small quantity of Compound Paeony or Compound Briony Water or a small proportion of Spirit of Lavender Or in a draught of this distilled Water may be given some drops of the tincture of Castor Amber or Elixir Proprietatis c. An Electuary prepared with the Conserves of the Flowers of Sage Cephalick Electuarie Rorismary Betony Lime Lily of the Valley mixed with Condite Eringo Roots or Citron-Pill or that of Auranges Limons Powder of Castor Amber Paeony-Roots made up with Syrupe of Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley drinking after it a good draught of the distilled Water above advised Ale Ale medicated with Cephalicks medicated with Flowers of Sage Betony Lime Lily of the Valley Rorismary Cubebs Nutmegs Mace c. may be very beneficial in these Diseases Balsamick Ointments Topicks may be safely administred and Emplaisters made of Cephalicks as also Fomentations of the same kind may be applied to the Head shaved as also Caps quilted with the Flowers of Lime Lily of the Valley Sage Betony Lavender Rorismary Spices of Mace Nutmegs Cloves Galangal c. Linements of Balsame of Tolu natural Balsame Capivium Oil of Nutmegs and Mace by expression may be administred to the Head when shaved with good success CHAP. LXX Of Convulsions and Convulsive Motions IN the Pathology of the Brain my intention is to Treat of a Convulsion The difference of Convulsions and Convulsive motions and how it differeth from Convulsive Motions as the one disagreeth from the other in several positions of the Muscles and duration of their involuntary motions In a Convulsion the Limbs and other parts of the Body have a constant rigid posture rendring them so stiff that they cannot at all bend or else without great difficulty be
former and let it be sweetened with the Flowers of Lime Paeony or Lily of the Valley If the Child Suck Cephalick Medicines may be given to the Nurse Cephalicks may be advised for the Nurse if the Child Suck made of the Roots of Paeony and the Seeds of Goats Rue and Caraway boiled in Posset-drink As also an Electuary made of Conserve of Lime-Flowers Lily of the Valley Sage Paeony to which may be added the Powder of Missetowe of the Oak Paeony roots Castor made into a due Consistence with the Syrupe of Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley drinking after it an Apozeme prepared with the Roots of Angelica Paeony Flowers of Betony Rorismary Lime Lily of the Valley and after its strained it may be sweetned with the Syrupe of Paeony or Cowslips Powders may be advised for the Nurse composed of the roots of Valerian Powder for the Nurse White Amber Misletowe of the Oak of the hoof of a Bufalo Castor c. mingled with White Sugar and given in a spoonful of the Apozeme prescribed drinking after it a good draught of the same And to an Infant may be given Black Cherry or Rue Water A Cephalick Julape for a Child mingled with Compound Paeony or Compound briony-Briony-water or with some drops of Spirit of Lavender or Spirit of Hartshorn and the like sweetned with some Cephalick Syrupe Amulets of the roots of Paeony Castor Amulets of the shavings of the hoof of a Bufalo mixed with Oil of Nutmegs by expression may be hung about the Neck of the Child troubled with Convulsions Blistering Plaisters are very proper in Convulsive motions If the Infant be actually in a Fit a blistering Plaister may be applied to the Nucha or to both sides of the Neck The Cephalick Plaister without Euphorbium or of Galbanum may be applied to the Feet The Powder of Gutteta according to Rivier The Powder of Gutteta or one compounded of a Humane Skull of Pearl of the hoof of a Bufalo c. may be given in a few grains in the following Julape made of Black Cherry simple Paeony or Goats rue-Rue-water mingled with a small quantity of Antiepileptick Water of Langius and sweetened with the Syrupe of Lime-Flowers The roots of Valerian Paeony Lime-Flowers c. Infusions of Cephlicks may be infused in Canary and being strained off may be given in a very small quantity with White Sugar-candy or a Distillation may be made in a Glass retort with the heat of Sand of the roots of Valerian Paeony Lime-Flowers vitriol of Hungary the Skull of a Man in Compound Paeony water and the distilled water may be given in a small quantity sweetened with Syrupe of Betony or Lime-Flowers or if it seem to be too strong it may be allayed with the simple water of Paeony or of Lime-Flowers or of Lily of the Valley Some of the Gall of a Sucking Puppy taken in a small quantity of simple Paeony-water or of Lily of the Valley may be very proper in Convulsive Fits Oil of Castor Bathing the Chine with Spirits or Oil is of great use Leeches applied behind the Ears are good in Dentition As also blistering Plaisters Anodynes and Narcoticks are good in violent pains of the Teeth Medicines good for to destroy Worms Amber mixed with the compound Spirit of Lavender may be very proper to anoint the Chine of a Child afflicted with Convulsive motions In Convulsive motions proceeding from breeding of Teeth Blood may be taken away by Leeches set behind the Ears and Blistering Plaisters may be applied to the Nucha or sides of the Neck and Anodynes and Narcoticks may be used in violent pains of the Teeth whereupon the Gums may be rubbed or cut with some sharp instrument to make way for the eruption of Teeth In reference to Convulsions coming from Worms Rubarb infused in Wine Beer or Ale may be proper or some grains of Calamelanus given in extract of Aloes or with Rubarb mixed with some very few grains of Jailape In a Child of a strong Constitution and of some years Wormseed or Salt of Prunel Tartar or any bitter or salt Medicine will destroy Worms A Plaister made of Colocynth A Plaister may be applied to the Navel in this case Aloes macerated in juyce of Wormwood the Gall of an Ox all mixed and embodied with Bees-wax may be applyed to the Navil of the Child CHAP. LXXIII Of the Palsey THE noble Compage of the Brain being a systeme of numerous fine Fibrils branched through the Cortex Corpus callosum Fornix Corpora striata Nates Testes Medulla oblongata Cerebellum and its Processes and through the Medulla Spinalis as an elongation of the Brain These innumerable minute Fibrils of the Brain Cerebellum The Fibrils of the Brain and Cerebellum are composed of many Filaments In the exercises of Sense and Motion the Fibres are rendred tense and Medulla Spinalis being the constituent parts are framed of many small Filaments whose Interstices are receptive of the Animal Liquor and Spirits by whose spirituous and elastick Particles the Fibrils are rendred plump tense and fit to exert the acts of Sense and Motion which are also imparted to the Nerves of the whole Body as so many outlets of the Brain and the continuation of its fibrous Compage the first Origen and rudiment of all nervous Divarications overspreading and invigorating all the Apartiments of the Body with their select Liquor and their more refined Particles giving Sensation motion and nourishment The Faculties relating to the said Operations are lessened depraved The lessened or abolished or depraved Functions come from errors of the Brain or abolished by the errors of the Brain as being a systeme of innumerable Fibrils containing the nervous Liquor and its Spirits giving vigor and tenseness to the fibrous frame of the Brain and its appendices which are chiefly hurt in reference to Sense and Motion in Two disaffections either as they are depraved by Convulsive motions or when pain ariseth in point of Sense The Function of Sense or Motion are lessened or abolished in the Palsey The descriptiâ—on of a Palsey or when the Functions of Sense and Motion are very much lessened or abolished in a Palsey causing an impotency in the Limbs when the fibrous parts of the Brain and Limbs lose their vigor and tenseness A Palsey may admit this description That it is a resolution or relaxation of the fibrous Compage of the Body proceeding from defect of a due tenseness of the nervous Filaments whereupon the Faculties of Sense and Motion cannot exert their due operations in some or all parts of the Body A resolution happens to the nervous parts when the Succus Nervosus The cause of the resolution of the Nerves and its spirituous Particles are denied an access to the fibrous parts of the Brain Cerebellum and Medulla Spinalis or when the Animal Spirits losing their due volatil or elastick parts do not influence the Nerves with
Laminae or Plates making up the curious Compage of this salutary Stone commonly called Bezoar The Glands of the Liver The Glands of the Liver petrified have been often discerned upon Dissections to be petrified which is derived from gross Blood carried by the Branches of the Porta into the Parenchyma of the Liver depraved with fixed Salt and earthy Atomes embodied with a Lapidescent Juice turning the Glands of the Liver resembling Cubes in Figure into a stony substance But by reason some may conceive the Petrification of the Glands relating to the Liver may be produced by the gross parts of Choler petrified in the Excretory Vessels appertaining to the Bladder of Gall and Porus Bilarius taking their rise in the Glandulous part of the Liver I will take the freedom to propound another Instance of Stones lodged in the Ventricles of the Heart which can proceed from no other cause as I apprehend but from the Tartar of the Blood confaederated with a petrifying Juice coagulating it into Stones Stones have been discerned by Sennertus Stones generated in the Brain and Skenchius in the Ambient parts of the Brain which I judg to be produced by the Saline and Earthy parts of crude Nervous Liquor generated in the Cortex of the Brain embodied with a petrifying Spirit concreting the crass parts of the Succus Nutricius into Stones Stones are not only propagated from crude Chyle Stones propagated from various Liquors of the Body as having a Lapidescent Juice Vital and Nervous Liquor but from the Recrements of the Blood the Pancreatick Bilious and Serous Liquor whose Tartar espouseth a Lapidescent Juice which are coagulated into Stones lodged in the Pancreas Bladder of Gall Kidneys and Bladder of Urine which I conceive is made after this manner This first beginning is very small at first derived from Saline and Earthy parts of different Liquors accompanied with a Lapidescent Juice and afterward acquireth greater and greater Dimensions by the access of new Tartar formed into thin stony Accretions which encircle one another in the manner of fine Flakes which is very evident in Bezoar and in Stones of the Kidney Bladder of Urine and Gall c. which being gently broken into pieces the Stones may be seen to be integrated of many fine Laminae or thin Plates enwrapping each other in elegant order which is very pleasant to behold CHAP. XXVI The Stone of the Kidneys and its Cures THe Stone in the Kidney in a Person of Honour was broken into pieces in the taking out of its Bed as being of a friable nature and was formed of divers unevennesses defacing its outward Surface in irregular Figures somewhat resembling a Race of Ginger The Stone consisting of many thin Flakes and was like a Race of Ginger This Stone was composed of numerous thin Plates the outermost being araied with a dark hue and their inward compage with a White Colour closely Caemented to each other so that the body of the Stone may be stiled a Systeme made up of many thin Flakes lodged within each others embraces to which they are closely affixed by a viscid Concreted Liquor and some of it enwrapping the Stone not yet Coagulated These stony Plates were produced of the Tartar of Serous Liquor very manifest in their whitish Colour confaederated with a clammy Matter the Caement to conjoyn the various thin Accretions made up of Earthy and Saline parts and the most inward Plates are smallest in Circumference as being the first in order of Generation and afterward are more and more enlarged as they are encircled with new Flakes of saline Accretions whence the body of the Stone putteth on greater and greater Dimensions The Stones of the Kidney when they grow great do sometimes fill up the substance of the Kidney in their various Branches compressing the Urinary Ducts and other times are lodged in the Pelvis wholly intercepting the streams of Serous Recrements into the Ureters and Bladder of Urine I saw a Stone taken out of Doctor Waldron's Kidney a Learned Fellow of the Colledg A Stone resembling a Tree and one of His Majesties Physicians in Ordinary which resembled a Tree in Figure whose Branches were clothed with White and were divaricated through the substance of the Kidney among the Urinary Ducts and Papillary Caruncles whereupon the Patient was afflicted with pain caused by the compression of the Nerves and often made a bloody Urine proceeding from the gauling of the tender Capillary Vessels and the Trunk of this Stony Tree was hued with a deep Red insinuating it self through the Papillary Trunks into the Pelvis where it caused a total suppression of Urine As to the Cure of the Stone of the Kidney Bladder c. The indications relating to the Cure of the Stone Three Indications present themselves The first is to hinder the generation and increase of the Stone The second is to Expel it when it is generated The third is to Alleviate and take away Pain which is very afflictive in this Disease The Indications are first to be satisfied by Purgatives Purgatives are proper in the Stone to take away the cause of the Stone the gross Viscous Humours and the Earthy and Saline parts of the Liquors of the Body which may be effected by Purging Boles made of Cassia or the Lenitive Electuary of Chio Turpentine Hollands Powder Creme of Tartar c. and after two Hours a Quart of Northal or Barnet Posset may be taken Emollients and Diuretick Apozems are good in this Disease And Purging Medicaments having been Administred Emollient and Diuretick Apozems are proper in this Disease made of the Opening Roots of Dogsgrass Asparagus and of the Leaves of Mallows Marsh-Mallows Pellitory of the Wall Golden Rod Raisons of the Sun boiled in Water to which may be added some White Wine at last and it being streined may be sweetned with Syrupe of the Five Opening Roots Cooling and Emollient Emulsions may speak a great advantage in this Malady made up of the Four Cooling and White Poppy Seeds sweet Almonds c. Electuaries may be also advantageous made of Emollient and Diuretick Medicines of Conserve of Hips Flowers of Mallows Condite Eringo Roots mixed with the Judaick Stone Seeds of Burdock Millet Parsley and Sows or Hogs-Lice powdered mixed with Syrupe of Marsh-Mallows upon which a Draught may be immediately drunk of a Decoction prepared with Nephritick Wood and other Diureticks mixed with Emollients And in great pains Fomentations may be applied made with Emollient and Discutient Medicines of Mallows Marsh-Mallows Centaury the less Wormwood Rue Saint-Johns-Wort Flowers of Elder Melilot and Chamaemel of Line-Seed Fenugreek Seed Bay-Berries Juniper Berries to which when they have been well Boiled in Water and streined may be added some Malago or Spirit of French Wine commonly called Brandy CHAP. XXVIII Of the Vreters THe Ureters being Aquaeducts The description of the Ureters are oblong white Tubes taking their rise in the Glands of the Kidneys wherein
the right side of this Fish A Thornback A Thornback hath no Bladder of Urine hath its Kidneys beginning †T. 44. F. 2. a. in small Dimensions and afterward grow larger they are compounded of many broad Lobules set edgewise all along the Spine which is very rare in the Kidneys of Fish and are much larger toward their Terminations †b. and end in short Ureters which are implanted into the Intestinum Rectum which serveth in stead of the Bladder of Urine A Crocodile A Crocodile is destitute of the Bladder of of Urine saith Learned Borichius hath oblong red Glandulous Kidneys which have Ureters inserted into the Intestinum Rectum His words are these Renes oblongi Glandulosi rubicundi ex quibus utrinque Ductus patutus amplus membranaceusque descendere progrediebatur ad ultima usque Intestini Recti ut Liquorem Excrementitium Urinosumque eo amandaret cum Vesicae nullum usquam vestigium repertum fuerit CHAP. XXXII Of the Pathologie of the Bladder of Vrine THe Bladder of Urine is obnoxious to divers Diseases Inflammations The Diseases of the Bladder Apostumes Ulcers Gangraens Scirrhus Cancers Obstructions overmuch Distention and Straightness and to the Stone the most afflictive Disease of all An Inflammation hath for its Diagnostick Tension Hardness An Inflammation of the Bladder great heat and pain in the region of the Bladder about the Share-Bone to which may be added a weakness of Excretion of Urine accompanied with a Tenesmus by consent of parts a Symptomatick Fever Thirst and a Chilness of the outward parts This dangerous Disease is derived sometimes from External Causes The causes of its Inflammation as violent Riding a Fall Stroke c. whereby the Hypogastrick Capillary Arteries being often broken do pour out a quantity of Blood into the substance of the Bladder where it is stagnant as not being admitted into the Roots of the Hypogastrick Veins whereupon the Blood having lost its motion doth lose its bounty too which is preserved by Circulation and acquireth a corruptive Indisposition by turning the Serous part and Indigested Chyle associating it into a putrid Matter the cause of an Aposteme which being of a sharp corrosive nature maketh its way through the Parenchyma of the Bladder to the outward Coat which it perforates and determines into an Ulcer An Inflammation and Ulcer of the Bladder Ulcers of the Bladder is also generated by Stones lodged in its Cavity and grating upon the tender inward Coat and bring a quantity of Blood into it and sometimes by opening the termination of the Vessels do produce a bloody Water An Inflammation of the Bladder The indication of an Inflammation doth indicate in the first place the opening of a Vein after or before which a Clyster may be Administred and Emulsions made of the Cooling Seeds and temperate Diet-Drinks of China Sarsa-parilla and Medicines contemperating the Blood and Urine composed of Barley-water Seeds of Poppy Syrup of Water-Lillies Poppies c. Outwardly may be applied Fomentations of Emollient Herbs without Discutients which do highten the Inflammation divers kinds of Injections are profitable as Milk and Water Barley-water mixed with Honey of Roses streined or Syrup of Red Roses or a Decoction of Barley-water to which may be added the white Trochisces of Rasis a Semicupium prepared with Milk and Water of themselves or Water boiled with Emollient Herbs to which Milk may be added after the boiling Ulcers of the Bladder in reference to gross and serous Recrements do indicate Drying and Detergent Medicines as Diet Drinks of China Sarsaparilla mixed with Sassafrass and Vulnerary Roots and Herbs and gentle Purgatives of Cassia Tamarindes Senna Syrup of Peach Flowers Roses Solutive c. may be added to the Diet Drinks the Injection before mentioned may be mixed with Mouse-Ear the great Fluellin Prunella Cumphrey c. Ratione solutae unitatis which is the last indication in Ulcers Astringent and Drying Powders may be taken made of dried Cumphrey Roots Gum Arabick Red Saunders c. mixed with Sugar Candy A Scirrhus of the Bladder may proceed from a quantity of Pituitous Humours stagnated in the Interstices of the Vessels whose moister parts being evaporated the more gross are Concreted and thereby do indurate the substance of the Bladder A Noble Man having had many signs of a Stone lodged in his Bladder was highly afflicted for many Years with the Strangury And his Body being opened after Death no Stone was found but a hard Swelling which was of so great Dimensions that it almost filled up the Cavity of the Bladder leaving little or no space for the reception of Urine The straightness of the Neck of the Bladder often proceedeth from Obstruction and sometimes from Compression As to the first It is often generated by sabulous Matter Stones Grumous Blood Pus Mucous and clammy Matter Caruncles and Warts stopping the Urinary passage and intercepting the free current of Urine The straightness of the Neck of the Bladder may also be derived from the swelling of the neighbouring parts compressing it as also from the repletion of the Intestinum Rectum with hard Excrements and from the Inflammation of the Penis and Neck of the Bladder straightning the Urinary Channel CHAP. XXXIII Of Vrine THe watry Liquors being the more moist and fluid part of Meat and Drink in its first Rudiment is afterward Concocted with the Oily and Salt parts of Aliments in the Stomach and other Viscera and then associates with the Blood in various Tubes of Arteries and Veins to give it a thin consistence and render it fluid in order to Motion and to put the Vital Liquor into a capacity to insinuate it self into the most straight Capillaries and to pass when extravasated in the narrow Interstices of Vessels from the terminations of Arteries into the Origens of the Veins to prevent the stagnancy of Blood and Inflammations of Fleshy and Membranous parts So that this Potulent Matter being a Vehicle of Blood doth in its converse and motion with it embody with Saline and Sulphureous parts not serviceable to Nature and dischargeth them as mixed with it by Salival Liquor Sweat and Urine Urine borroweth its first Origen from thin Potulent Liquor The origen of Urine as its Materia Substrata and is compounded of Vinous Spirituous Sulphureous Saline Watry and Earthy Particles which may be made clear in Destillation The discovery of the parts of Urine by Destillation First arise the vinous spirit then watry mixed with most saline and some sulphureous Particles The first that rise are some few Vinous Spirits impraegnating Phlegm Next follow the Watry parts in a greater source embodied with most Saline and some Sulphureous parts Thirdly Doth rise the Spirit of Urine impraegnated with Salt of a fixed quality which is rendred Volatil by great degrees of heat exalting its sharp and pungent disposition whereupon divers preparations of Salt and Spirit of Urine are made by Art
tender Capillaries are broken by the exuberant quantity or corroded by the Pungent Vitriolick quality disaffecting the Purple Liquor or when the Blood long stagnating in the Vessels doth acquire a Putrid corrosive quality The immoderate Flux of the Menstrua If the too great quantity of the Menstrua proceeds from too much Blood it indicates Bleeding if it do proceed from too great a quantity of Blood doth indicate a free Mission of it out of the Arm and if from sharp and hot Blood it is better to take away Blood often and little at a time to make frequent revulsions of it from the Vterus by reason nature being weakened by too great a Flux of the Menstrua the Blood cannot be drawn off in a great quantity by opening a Vein at once Ligatures and Frications may be made in the Arms and Thighs to hinder the Recourse of the Blood to the Uterus And in reference to Bilious and Salt Humors mixed with the Blood In an ill mass of Blood Purging Medicines are propâ—r gentle Purging Medicines may be given made of Indian Mirabolanes Rubarbe Cassia Tamarinds c. and Juleps made of destilled Water of the Spawn of Frogs and Oak-Buds and a little Cinamon Water Distilled with Barley and Sweetened with Syrup of dried Roses Apozems also speak a great Advantage to the Patient compounded of cooling and incrassating Medicines of Wood-Sorrel Purslane to which may be added astringent Plants as Mouseare Shepherds-Pouch Plantain Ribworte Leaves of Oak Myrtle Horse-Tail Mill-foile c. and let the Decoctions be sweetened with Syrup of Corall Red Roses c. Astringent Powders of Red-Saunders Bole-Armen Dragons-Blood red Corall Powder of the Roots of Cumphrey and Tormentil are very proper to stop the irregular Flux of the Menses and Milk and Water boiled together and Decoction of Calcined Harts-horn are good for an ordinary Drink But a depraved Flux of the Menstrua may be termed when they are discharged with great difficulty and high Pain and many other great Symptoms The depraved Flux of the Menstrua when a grievous Torture of the Loins ariseth caused by a great distention of the descendent Trunk of the Aorta and Hypogastrick Arteries compressing the Vertebral Nerves and the Branches of the Par Vagum This Discomposure is not quieted till the worst of the Blood is secerned in the substance of the Uterine Glands and transmitted by the Excretory Ducts into the Chamber of the Uterus The Diagnosticks of the depraved Flux of the Menstrua are evident when the Patient complaineth some days before the Menstrua appear of the Pain of the Head produced by a hot or sharp Blood carried by the innate carotide Arteries into the Membranes of the Brain and of the Stomach by offensive Purple Liquor carried by the Coeliack Artery and of the bottom of the Loins and bottom of the Belly proceeding from sharp Blood distending the Hypogastrick and preparing Arteries belonging to the womb whereupon its adjoining Nervous Fibres are aggrieved made by a distention of the Neighbouring Blood-Vessels As to the Indications in this Disease the cause is to be removed and the Symptoms are to be alleviated if the Humours be gross they are to be attenuated and incided if hot or sharp they denote contemperating Medicines made up of gentle Purgatives and of opening and cooling Emulsions And after Universals have been premised emollient Fomentations and tepid Baths may be used to take off Pain and the heat and sharpness of the Blood CHAP. XIX Of the Fluor Albus or Whites THe Menstruous Purgation is that of the purple Liquor The Fluor Albus and other Humors with it evacuated called by the Latins Fluor Albus and in our Tongue the Whites by reason Serous and Pituitous Recrements are discharged by the Vessels of the womb which is sometimes abused and made as it were the Sink of the Body whereby not only white but also sometimes yellow and green and other times a kind of Purulent and Sanious Matter is excerned and not at set times and Periods but irregularly sometimes daily and other times at a greater distance now and then anticipating and other times following the Menses and when they are suppressed too This Disease rarely afflicteth Maids but most commonly Women and sometimes those that are with Child The Fluor Albus differeth from the discoloured Menstrua The Fluor Albus differeth from the Menstrua in reference these have a plain mixture of red instead of Purple Liquor always associated with the Menses by reason other Recrements have no shew of Blood as being white yellow or green and do not observe a regular Monthly Evacuation Purulent matter is discriminated from the Fluor Albus The difference of Purulent Matter from the Fluor Albus because it is greater in consistence and more white and less in quantity and Sanious Matter is different from the Whites by reason it is more gross and blended with corrupt Blood The Fluor Albus may be distinguished from a Gonorrhaea the excretion of a Liquor somewhat resembling Semen which is more white and thick and evacuated in lesser quantity than the other The next cause of the Fluor Albus is an Excrementitious Humour of different kinds The Cause of the Fluor Albus and very much distinct from pure Blood sometimes white and pituitous being of Chymous matter not assimilated into Blood and other times of a more thin Serous Liquor made of acide and saline Particles fretting the inward Coat of the Vagina Uteri this Excrementitious Liquor is also Bilious known by its yellow and green hue and is blackish too from its melancholy Nature and sometimes seemeth to be Sanious as mingled with some Particles of Purple Liquor So that the Fluor Albus is compounded of various kinds of Recrements mixed with the Blood which are impelled with it down the descendent Trunk of the Aorta The Fluor Albus containeth many kinds of Recrements and so through the Preparing and Hypogastrick Arteries into the substance of the Glands belonging to the Vterus wherein these Excrementitious humours are secerned from the Blood and transmitted through the Excretory Ducts into the Bosom of the Uterus and thence conveyed through the Vagina out of the Body Platerus is of an opinion that the Fluor Albus is conveyed only into the Neck and Vagina Uteri The Fluor Albus is conveyed into Cavity of the Womb by Excretory Ducts which have secretory Glands percolating the Blood and so hath the body of the Vterus as it consisteth of many Glands as so many Colatories of the Blood as well as the Neck of the Vagina which are endued with many holes as Excretory Ducts with which the inward Coat of the Uterus is perforated too and chiefly in its bottom beset with many Asperities as being the Terminations of the Ducts conveying various Excrements of the Purple Liquor commonly called the Fluor Albus into the hollowness of the Womb. And now I suppose it may seem
an ill savour and other times are destitute of an ill scent So that Apostemes brought to Maturation and broken do emit a stink and sometimes none whereupon I humbly conceive that Purulent Matter flowing out of an Ulcer doth often discompose our Nostrils with a faetide smell and it may be observed that an Apertion being made between the Ribs to discharge an Empyema the Purulent Matter hath little or no smell and after two or three days when the Air hath had a frequent recourse by the Wound into the Thorax the Purulent Matter groweth very offensive which may be quickly alayed by some injections of Wine as washing and cleansing the sides of the wound and adjacent parts and diluting the stinking corrupt humors with pleasant Aromatick smells And I humbly conceive that the faetide smell of Pus and Purulent Matter doth arise out of gross exalted sulphureous depressing the Saline Particles but on the other side when the sulphureous parts are somewhat Concocted and reduced under the power of the Saline they give a check to the ill savour of Pus and Purulent Matter As to the Diagnosticks of an Empyema some of them The Diagnosticks of an Empyema and the most chief may be these When the Inflammation of the Muscles of the Larynx Lungs Pleura or Mediastine do not cease upon the due application of Remedies and are attended with Rigors and Fevers it is very suspicious the Inflammation is determined by an Ulcerous Matter discharged into the Cavity of the Breast If the Extravasated Blood setled in the substance of the Muscles of the Larynx Lungs Pleura or Mediastine Extravasated Blood is turned into Blood in fourteen days be not taken off by due Application in fourteen days or thereabouts it doth degenerate into Pus productive of an Abscess in the part affected which sometimes breaketh about the twentieth day and other times about the thirtieth or fortieth Of which Hippocrates giveth these Symptoms A Rigor saith he proceeding from a Purulent Matter Vellicates the neighbouring Membranous parts accompanied with a dull pain arising from the weight of the corrupt Matter afflicting the Lungs in their Diastole depressing the Diaphragm and hindring its relaxation in order to a farther motion made by Contraction hence ensueth a difficulty of Respiration flowing from a quantity of Purulent Matter stuffing the Cavity of the Breast giving a check to the free play of the Lungs and Diaphragm The sign of a long continued Empyema The sign of a long Epyema is That the Fever groweth more mild upon the great part of the Pus transmitted out of the body of the parts affected into the empty space of the Thorax So that the Fever is rendred partly Putrid and partly Hectick always infesting the Patient and is more gentle in the Day and receiveth the beginning of an Exacerbation about the Evening and is more hightened about the middle of the Night This Disease is associated with a perpetual Cough sometimes throwing up Purulent Matter whereupon ariseth a great Anxiety and dejection of strength proceeding from free Sweats in the Night whence follow the hollowness of the Eyes and redness of Cheeks and at last a swelling of the Legs producing a Leucophlegmatia flowing from a gross and dispirited mass of Blood stagnating in the substance of the parts affected The Prognosticks of this Disease are hopeful The Prognosticks of an Empyema if when the Abscess is broken the Fever groweth gentle attended with an easie Expectoration of Purulent Matter or rather of a Pus that is smooth white and equal and with a free Respiration which sheweth the Thorax not to be overcharged with a quantity of Pus But on the other side the Prognosticks imply imminent danger Pus accompanied with a violent Fever is dangerous when the Eruption of the Pus is accompanied with a violent Fever frequent Tremblings or Rigors which are Convulsive Motions proceeding from ill-conditioned Purulent Matter highly irritating the Nervous parts A great Cough accompanied with a difficulty of breathing is very dangerous A Cough with a difficulty of Breathing is very dangerous by which a thick yellow green black or faetide corrupt Matter of an unequal consistence is thrown up especially in an Orthopnaea wherein the whole Breast is lifted up whereupon most commonly ensueth a Suffocation proceeding from an Exuberance of Purulent Matter lodged in the Cavity of the Breast and intercepting the motion of the Intercostal Muscles Diaphragm and Lungs It also foretelleth great danger if a silver Probe be put into the wound of an opened Thorax for an Empyema and groweth hued with the colour of Gold or Copper which is caused by the exalted Sulphureous Particles of the Purulent Matter discolouring the Silver But it is more safe if the Patient grow strong as having a good Pulse and free Respiration upon the Apertion of the Thorax whereupon floweth a white well Concocted Matter speaking an Alleviation of the Fever and all the symptoms of the Disease In case an Ulcer of the Larynx Lungs or Pleura cannot be prevented by Bleeding Expectoration Diurecticks and Diaphoreticts gentle Medicines may be advised both inwardly and outwardly that promote Suppuration In reference to a Cough derived from gross Hydromels are proper in a Cough proceeding from a gross lentous viscid Matter lentous viscide Matter Hydromels are very proper made up of the five opening Roots the Leaves of Ground-Ivy Coltsfoot Horehound Scabious Maiden-Hair and Raisins of the Sun stoned boiled in Water to which White-Wine may be added at the latter end of the Decoction and when it is strained some Honey may be gently boiled in it Medicines made into Pills with Chio Turpentine Iris Root powdered and Syrup of Ground-Ivy which may be rowled in Powder of Liquorice and given Morning and Evening with a Vulnerary Decoction made of the Roots of Sarsa Parilla and China Hartshorn Shavings Prunell Bugles Sanicle Mouse-Ear the Great Ground-Ivy boiled in three parts Water and one part White-Wine to which being strained Honey may be added These Medicines do satisfie all the Indications of an Ulcer as they cleanse dry and Consolidate As to an Empyema flowing from an Ulcer of the Muscles of the Larynx An Apertion of the Thorax may be made in a desperate Empyema Lungs Pleura and Medicine the Pus or Purulent Matter cannot be vacuated if it be lodged in a very great proportion in the empty space of the Thorax unless a wound be made in the Intercostal Muscles as near to the Midriff as may be with great regard of its preservation that the Purulent Matter may be the better expelled through the Aperture of the Breast which is sometimes made between the fourth and fifth and other times between the sixth and seventh Rib. Sometimes the Succus Nutricius of the Blood being lodged in a great quantity in the substance of the Bronchia and Membranous Cells Sometimes the Pus is discharged by Cough Vomiting Stool and by the wound made
in the Apertion of the Breast their Appendants is turned into a Pus making first an Aposteme and afterward an Ulcer through which some Corrupt Matter is received into the Bronchia and Expectorated and some of the other part of the Pus was lodged in the Cavity of the Thorax and other parts may be evacuated downward by Stool and upward by Vomiting as also by Urine by reason Nature is very sollicitous by all ways possible to preserve it self by various Evacuations of ill Matter Of this admirable case I shall take the boldness to give an Instance An Instance of this case in Mr. Echins a Gentleman of Northamptonshire in Mr. Echins a Gentleman of Northampton-shire related to a Person of Honour Colonel Stroade Governor of Dover-Castle who was oppressed with a great Cough a high difficulty of Breathing accompanied with a slow putrid Fever and many other Diagnosticks which follow an Ulcer of the Lungs and an Empyema flowing from a source of Purulent Matter entertained from the confines of the Lungs into the capacity of the Breast falling down upon the Diaphragm In order to evacuate the Matter of this Disease and to relieve the aggrieved Lungs and Midriff an Apertion was made in the Intercostal Muscles between the Ribs by Mr. Pierce a Skilful Chyrurgeon relating to the Hospital of St. Thomas whereupon the Thorax being opened a quantity of Sanious and Purulent Matter was discharged through the wound and he also freely Excerned it by Coughing Vomiting by Stool and by Urine All these Evacuations were plain to sense but the great difficulty remaineth how Nature could expel the Peccant Matter by these several ways which I humbly conceive may be accomplished after this manner Some part of the Pus was transmitted into the Bronchia and thrown up by Coughing and some other portion of it was entertained out of the substance of the Bronchia and Sinus only Apostemated and not Ulcered into the Extremities of of the Pulmonary Veins and carried through the left Ventricle of the Heart causing great faintness and dejection of Spirit attended with a Fever and Descendent Trunk of the Aorta into the Caeliack Artery and its Terminations into the Cavity of the Stomach whence it was expelled by Vomiting and afterward some part of the Pus was conveyed farther by the Descendent Trunk into the Branches and Extremities of the upper and lower Mesenterick Arteries into the Cavity of the Intestines and thrown off by Stool and the reliques of the Purulent Excrements not carried off by the Caeliack and Mesenterick Arteries did descend lower by the said Arterial Trunk into the Emulgent Arteries and their Capillaries implanted into the Glands of the Kidneys in which a Secretion was made of the Purulent Matter from the Blood and embodied with the Serous Recrements whereupon they were received into the Urinary Ducts and carried through the Pelvis and Ureters into the Cavity of the Bladder and thence Excerned with the Urine through the Urethra In order to the Cure of these many Complicated Diseases The Cure of an Empyema by an Apertion of the Thorax Pectorals Diureticks and Healing and Consolidating Medicines and Restoratives in reference to the Hectick Fever I advised Hydromels made of Pectorals to help the Expectoration of Purulent Matter and of Diureticks to carry it off by Urine and in reference to the Ulcer I prescribed cleansing drying and Consolidating Medicines and in point of the Hectick Fever I ordered attemperating and restorative Applications made of Chyna Sarsa Parilla Ground-Ivy Maiden-Hair Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn boiled in Water and Honey as also destilled Milks made with Pectorals Diureticks Vulneraries Restoratives which were given with new Milk as also in this case Balsomick Pills and Syrups may be administred with good success and in point of Diet the Patient did eat and drink Milk all manner of ways Milk boiled with Bread and Water boiled sometimes with Barley and other times with Oatmeal to which Milk was added to make a Pottage which is proper in this Disease as being cleansing and restorative By this method of Physick and Diet the Patient was perfectly restored to his health and strength many years ago and is yet alive and healthy as a Monument of God's wonderful Mercy And I hope will live long to speak his great Praise and Glory in the land of the Living CHAP. XI Of the Pericardium or Capsula of the Heart THe Capsula or Membrane encompassing the Heart The Compage of the Pericardium is a strong firm Enclosure made up of minute Fibrils curiously Enterwoven and is Contiguous to the Heart at some distance to give it a free play in its various Alternate motions of Systole and Diastole or rather Contraction and Relaxation It deriveth its Origen near the Base of the Heart from the external Coat of the Pleura or Mediastine The Origen of the Pericardium which encircleth the Vessels divaricated through the outward surface of the Heart Most Anatomists do assign but one Membrane to the Pericardium and Learned Riolan two and I humbly conceive it to be furnished with three The first and outward proceeding from the Mediastine The outward Coat of the Pericardium is fastned to the Middle Coat by the interposition of many thin Tunicles which I discovered in parting it from the second Membrane The outward is accommodated with many Cells or Membranous Vesicles the repositories of Fat which in a well stalled Ox doth very much shade and immure this first Integument The middle Coat being closely conjoyned to the outward The middle Coat is somewhat thinner than it and is composed of a great company of Fibres finely interwoven and close stuck and interspersed with a white Parenchyma The third Tunicle whose inside maketh the inward surface of the Pericardium is the most fine of all the Coverings The third Coat which I severed from the middle Coat and discovered it to be beset with many minute Glands the Fontinels as I apprehend of the Serous Liquor contained in the Pericardium As to its Connexion The Connexion of the Pericardium it is fastned in its outward surface to the Mediastine by the interposition of many Fibrils and conjoyned to it about the Base of the Heart where a passage is made to the Blood-vessels and in its lower Region to the Center of the Diaphragm The Contexture of this Membrane hath much affinity with that of other Membranes relating to the Body of Man The Structure of the Pericardium as it is a strong Compage made up of a great store of Membranous Filaments or Nervous Fibrils curiously spun and interwoven and interspersed with a Succus Nutricius or Seminal Matter adhering to the sides of the Coats of the Fibrils in their first Generation This Membrane is furnished with small Vessels of different kinds The Vessels of the Pericardium Veins from the Phrenick and Axillary branches and Arteries though very small from the Coronary branches of the Heart and
most pure Oil of Turpentine made into an Electuary of a thin consistence with Honey of Roses strained and Syrup of dried Roses In this case Conserve of Roses Powder of Fox Lungs mixed with some few drops of Tincture of Sulphur and Syrup of Jujube may be advised with good success Trochisces may be prepared with Powder of Bugles Sanicle Ground Ivy Flower of Brimstone penidiate Sugar juyce of Liquorice diluted with Snail water Tablets may be made of Powders of Prunel Flowers of Red Roses Flower of Brimstone Ladies-mantle into Tablets with dissolved Sugar boiled to a due consistence Pills may be formed of Powder of Liquorice Red Roses Gum Arabick Tragacanth Olibanum with Balsome of Tolu Peru c. Die t-drinks made of China Sarza-parilla and some Lignum Sanctum if there be no Hectick Fever Saunders shavings of Ivory and Harts-Horn Raisons of the Sun let them be infused and boiled according to Art and strained and a little sweetned with Sugar-Candy Balsome waters may be made with Turpentine dissolved with Oil of Tartar Roots of Iris Enula-Campane the Leaves of Ground-Ivy Hysop White Horehound distilled in Balneo Marix with coltsfoot-Coltsfoot-water and Malaga Sack which may be taken in a few spoonfuls with any pectoral Decoction or Syrup of Hysop or Ground-Ivy Suffumigations may be also administred in the beginning of a Consumption by reason the Fumes are received into the Lungs with the Air to dry open strengthen and preserve them from putrefaction And to this effect take the Leaves of Hysop Ground-Ivy Sanicle Bugles Enula-Campane Red Roses Red Saunders and boil them in Water and receive them into the Mouth by a Funnel And dry Suffumigations made of Balsamicks and sometimes of sulphureous Medicines as Olibanum Benioin White Amber Gum Guaicum Flowers of Red Roses Red Saunders Balsom of Tolu As also of Gum of Ivy Mastick Frankincense Flower of Brimstone the Leaves of Sanicle Ladies-Mantle Ground-Ivy c. which are good to dry up the Recrements discharged into the Cavities of the Bronchia and Sinus and to strengthen the loose Compage of the Lungs Sometimes in great Cases Fumes of the Flower of Brimstone Olibanum Frachincense Styrax White Amber and a little of prepared Arsenick may be received into the Lungs with great benefit to dry and heal them in point of a Consumption Empyricks do advise parts of prepared Arsenick to be put into a Pipe and the Fume to be received into the Tabide Lungs after the manner of Tobacco which hath been done with good success But in a deplorable and desperate Consumption these Fumes cannot be advised as much intending the Hectick Fever the sad companion of an Ulcer of the Lungs wherefore its best in such cases to advise Emulsions Asses Milk and Milk distilled with Pectorals and Snails and a slender Diet of White Possets as made of a small quantity of Beer whereby the Milk is not wholly turned into Curd and Water-gruel Barley-gruel Barley-Creme and thin Panada c. and also Syrups of Maidenhair Liquorice Coltsfoot and the like which contemperate the Phlogosis of the Lungs and help Expectoration Draughts of Black Cherry water and of Coltsfoot and Red Poppy and Cowslips may be given often to procure Rest which giveth ease and refreshment to the decayed Patient Distilled Water made of Green Blades or Ears of Corn mixed with snail-Snail-water and Syrup e Meconio are beneficial in Hectick Fevers Barley-water boiled with the parings of Pippins Pearmains and condited Eringo Roots Raisons of the Sun adding a little Liquorice at last and some double refined Sugar may be used instead of common Drink CHAP. LVIII Of the Spitting of Blood HAving discoursed of a Cough and Consumption Spitting of Blood it may not be improper now to speak of Spitting of Blood as a disease near akin and often terminating into it The fine Compage of the Lungs made up of many greater and lesser Tubes and Sinus into which the Air hath a free play to and fro is shaded with variety of Arteries and Veins as so many Channels importing and exporting Rivulets of Blood in various Maeanders whereupon this Fermenting Liquor as hurried with an unkindly Torrent when it is rendred disordered by a great Effervescence flowing from highly Fermentative Heterogeneous Principles endeavouring to subue each other by hot disputes so that the Blood is not regularly received by the extremities of the Veins The cause of Spitting of Blood in order to be conveyed into the Heart but is transmitted through the terminations of the pulmonary and Bronchial Arteries into the substance and afterward by secret pores into Cavities of the Bronchia and adjacent Sinus thereby irritating their nervous and fleshy Fibres by contracting the spaces of the Air-vessels to eject the troublesome Blood by an impetuous motion of expired Breath commonly called a Cough into the Mouth whence it is thrown out of the folding doors of the Lips by Spitting About this troublesome and sometimes fatal disease as a fore-runner of a Hectick Fever and a Consumption three considerables are worthy our remark The First is by what Vessels this unnatural Fluxe of Blood is transmitted into the inward recesses of the Lungs The Second is into what place it is conveyed The Third is the manner how it is expelled out of the Lungs The Blood is enraged by a tumultuary agitation Various Fermentative Recrements vitiating the bounty of the Blood and hindring its Motion and great Effervescence as clogged with various Fermentative Recrements whereby it is despoiled of its natural mild intestine Motion and not to be carried according to the rules of circulation into the Origens of the pulmonary Veins to be conveyed into the Left Chamber of the Heart Hence the Blood being disordered by an unkindly Ebullition quitteth its wonted Channels of the Veins and is imparted by the Extremities of the Arteries First into the extremity and body of the Bronchia and their membranous vessels and from thence by small Ducts opened by Heat and fierce Motion into the spaces of the Air-Vessels The Spitting of Blood is sometimes caused by Laceration and other times by the corrosion of the Blood-Vessels of the Lungs the Blood also may have an eruption into the cavities of the Lungs when the Sanguiducts are lacerated by any contusion or corroded by acide vitriolick Recrements confederated with the Blood whereupon it floweth in a greater stream then ordinary into the Cylinders and Cells of Air and is thence protruded by the motion of the circular Fibres lessening the Cavity of the Aspera Arteria into the larger apartiment of the Mouth The various indisposition of the Blood concurreth most chiefly to the Spitting of it The thin and sharp indisposition of the Blood is a cause of Spitting it either when it is very thin and sharp as affected with acide saline Particles so that when it is carried out of the confines of the Arteries into the Interstices of the Vessels it opens the secret passages or corrodes the tender
a Vein to be freely opened to divert the mass of Blood from the Head and if the Blood be acrimonious hot and thin it is to be counter manded by dulcifying cooling and incrassating Medicines made up of Electuaries composed of Conserve of Roses Roots of Cumphrey power of Steel Eies of Crabs Coral Bole-Armenick Dragons Blood made up into the consistence of an Electuary with Syrup of Red-Roses drinking after it a draught of a Julep prepared with the distilled Water of Frogs Spawn or the Buds of Oak and Water of Cinamon Distilled with Barley sweetned with Syrup of Water-Lillies adding to every Dose Twelve or more drops of liquid Cydoniate laudanum In this case Juyce of Plantain Nettles Purslain or any other incrassating or cooling Juyce may prove very beneficial Cupping-Glasses applied to the Shoulders The application of Cupping-Glasses Hypocondres and above the Feet Ligatures of the Limbs as also dipping them into cold Water do incrassate and cool the Blood and intercept its motion into the Head and Nostrils A Cataplasme may also be applied to the Forehead and Temples made up of Bole-Armenick Dragons Blood Sealed Earth Frankincense Mastick with the White of an Egg the Juyce of Plantain and Nightshade c. A Spunge dipped in cold Water or Vinegar may be often applyed to the Forehead Temples and round the Neck with good success as cooling and thickning the Blood and hindring its current in the carotide Arteries toward the Head Also Pellets may be composed of Frankincense Aloes Spider-webs and the Hair of a Hare mixed with Juyce of Plantain and Cotton and often put into the Nostrils The Nostrils labour sometime with a simple Ulcer coming from shartp Humors mixed with the Blood and carried by the carotide Artery implaned into the inward coat of the Nose and this Disease being not well Treated according to Art often degenerates into an inveterate for did Ulcer proceeding from virulent Matter often found in venereal Diseases called Ozena by the Antients and is accompanied with a great pain and a faetide Smell As to the Cure of an Ulcer Decoctions may be used made with China The Cure of the Ulcer Sarsa Guaicum Sassafras sometimes mixed with Purgatives and other times with Alteratives as the Tops of Pine Firr Scorby Grass Watercresses which do sweeten and contemperate the mass of Blood if the cooling Seeds be added to them Bleeding may be very proper in a Plethorick Body effected by a Lancet or by the application of Cupping-Glasses with Scarification And after inward Medicines have been advised Topicks may be used of drying cleansing and consolidating Medicines which satisfie all the indications of an Ulcer Aqua Aluminosa Mag. as also Plantain distilled with Alome in which a little Mercury Dulcis is dissolved as Medicines prepared with Cerus Frankincense Cadmia and the inward part of the Sea Onion mixed with Honey applied to the Nostrils with Cotton or Wool Or an Oyntment may be made of Aloes Myrrhe Lythargyre Cerus Lead calcined and washed with a quantity of Oyl of Roses c. And if the Ulcer be very fowl and corrosive strong cleansing The Cure of a fowl Ulcer of the Nostrils and drying Medicines are to be used in which a little Unguent Aegypt may be dissolved A sordid Ulcer sometimes degenerates into a Cancer A Cancer of the Nostrila which proceedeth from the Venenate nature of the Humours affected with a malignant corrosive disposition This disease if come to a height is incurable The said Cancer is incurable as come to a height and admits only a Palliative Cure which may be performed with Oyl of Roses to which may be added Cerus Camphor Juice of Nightshade Minium Calcitis Sandaracha c. And as a Ozaena is an Ulcer A Polypus of the Nostrils so a Polypus is a fleshy Cancrous Excrescence derived from Blood endued with a poysonous disposition which consisting of many Filaments and Films interspersed with the Red Crassament concreted is turned into a Carnous substance fastned to the inside of the Nostrils by many roots or stalks After Purging Medicines and Bleeding have been administred The Cure of the Polypus Topicks may be used prepared with Venice Turpentine washed in Plantain water to which may be added Juice of Night-shade Calcined Lead Lithargyre Cerus Tutty Camphor Burnt Alome Mercury sublimated Verdigrease with Vitriol some of these may be made up with Oyl of Roses and applied to the Nostrils with Wool or Cotton If Medicines be not prevalent to take away the Fleshy Excrescence it may be pulled out of the Nostrils by a Chirurgical Operation or by a ligature of Silk or Horse Hair put round the roots of the Polypus if it be possible to be done whereupon the Carnous Excrescence will be dried up and fall off in a few days as being destitute of nourishment by being severed by the interposition of a Ligature from the Tunicle of the Nostrils CHAP. V. Of the Eyes THE Eyes are seated in the highest story relating to the beautiful Fabrick of Man's Body for the more advantageous sight of distant Objects and are placed above the middle apartiment near the confines of the Brain as Guards to secure it from the dangerous encounters of ill accidents and to conduct our steps in their prosecution of those due methods instituted by Nature for the preservation and accomplishment of our meaner and more excellent parts and functions both of Soul and Body The whole Compage of the Eye is a system of many parts of different nature of Muscles A description of the Eye Membranes and Humours which do depend upon each other and are all subservient to the noble as well as pleasant and useful function of Sight The Eyes may be styled Appendages of the Brain as being affixed to the Medulla oblongata by the interposition of Optick Nerves which give them Sense and Motion as assisted with Muscles The greatest part of the Eyes are lodged in fit Cavities The seat of the Eyes resembling the segments of a Sphaere and well fortified both behind and laterally with strong Concave Bones in which these finer Orbs sport themselves in variety of motions perforated with many small Pores in the upper region of their Cavities through which destilleth a thin liquor from the Brain bedewing the Eyes rendring them more pliable to refresh them lest they should be hot and parched by constant motion The tender and lateral regions of the Eyes are safely immured in Cavities surrounded with the Bones of the Forehead and upper Mandible with the upper and lower fine Integuments with which the anterior part of the Orb of the Eye is vailed and unvailed at our pleasure These upper and lower Lids are composed of a tender Skin The Eye-lids under which is seated the Membrana Carnosa attended with a very thin Pericranium The variety of parts rarely enfolded one within another hath its extremity encircled with a Limbus fringed with fine Hairs like so many Rays
Adnata whereupon proceedeth a stagnation of Blood in the Interstices of the Vessels belonging to the White of the Eye so that it is first hued with Red and afterward with a blewish colour As to the Cure of this Disease if the Eye be rendred highly Blood-shed in a Body abounding with Blood and full of Humors Purging and Blood-letting are very proper And then Topicks may be duly applied consisting of gentle discutient and astringent Medicines made of Water of Strawberries Red Roses Honey Socles Woodbine Plantain and Myrtles c. CHAP. XII Of the Diseases of the Cornea and their Cures THe Cornea is made of a Horney Diaphanous substance for the defence of and constitution of the lucid Orb of the Eye which else would not be receptive of the visible Images of things as encircled with Rays of Light The Eye more or less loseth its transparency The disaffection of the Transparency of the Eye and its causes as the Cornea is obscured with greater or less degrees of incrassation whereby the Tunicle groweth thick in old Persons caused by overmuch driness which is incurable The Cornea also is rendred opace when it is clouded by overgross Humors impacted into it which often happens in an Opthalmia and is sometimes produced by high resolving Medicines which breath out the more thin parts of the Recrements setled in the Cornea and leave the more gross behind it is also generated by gross Humors flowing out of the Termination of the Arteries and stagnated in the substance of the Cornea whereupon the Sight is lost or lessened as the Cornea is infested with greater or less incrassation of Humors called by the Latines Albugo And the Cornea is not only incrassated with gross Recrements but is divested of its Transparency as hued with strange Colours and sometimes it is coated with Redness when the Blood is lodged in the empty spaces of the Vessels as in Sugillation wherein the Eye is rendred Blood-shed and then the Object represented to the Eye seemeth to be vailed with Red and sometimes with Yellow in a Jaundy wherein the bilious Recrements spued out of the terminations of the Arteries do tinge the Cornea If the clearness of the Cornea be fouled by pituitous Recrements it may seem reasonable to use Purgatives first and afterward to apply Topicks when the Blood is refined which is insinuated by the extremities of Capillary Carotide Arteries into the substance of the Cornea When universal Evacuations have been advised Cures of an Albugo a Decoction may be made of Mallows Calaminth Eye-bright Line-seed Faenugreek-seed with the Flowers of Melilote of which the warm Steams may be received into the disaffected Eye Morning and Evening Learned Amatus Lusitanus giveth an account that he Cured an Albugo with Decoctions of Sarzaparilla taken twenty days in the Interim he advised a destilled Water to be instilled into the Eye made of Honey immediately after it was taken out of the Comb and with the Flowers of Eye-bright Elder and Sugar-Candy destilled in Milk in B. M. The Seeds of Clary finely searsed and applied in this case prove very beneficial to clear up the Eyes when darkened with gross Humors Juice of Fennel mixed with a few drops of Balsam of Peru is of great efficacy in this case as also Oyl of Burnt Linnen quenched between two Pewter Dishes and mixed with a Boy 's Spittle is very successful in a Cure of this Disease as to a farther Cure I refer you to the Materia Medica propounded in the suffusion of the Eyes The Cornea is also liable to small Tumors somewhat like the Seeds of Millet called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Tumors of the Cornea and their Cures arising from thin sharp Recrements destilling out of the Extremities of the Carotide Arteries into the empty spaces of the minute Vessels lodged in the Cornea whereupon its Tunicle groweth distended in many places producing various little Swellings The Cure of these Pustles is performed after the same methods as hath been advised in an Opthalmia Aetius commends the White of an Egg and the Yolk beaten up with a little Sugar and Saffron which may be administred to the Eye in the beginning of the Disease as also a Quince boiled in Water and mixed with Oyntment of Roses or a Mucilage of the Seeds of Psyllium and Quinces extracted in Red Rose-water In the increase of the Disease resolving Medicines may be used as a Decoction of the Flowers of Chamaemel Melilote mixed with the Seeds of Flax and Faenugreek Eye-waters made by destillation of the Leaves of Vervain Rue Salendine the Great Red Rose Leave in Milk may be instilled into the disaffected Eye Waters of Eye-bright and Red Roses mixed with a little Tutty and Trochisci Alb. Rasis sine opio and with White Vitriol in few Grains have proved successful in this Disease The Cornea is not only liable to little Swellings The Ulcers of the Cornea but Ulcers too which have had divers appellatives among the Greeks as they are superficial or more deep in the said Tunicle in which an Ulcer is known as being the consequent of a white Tumor appearing in the Black of the Eye and proceedeth often from Contusion whereby the Blood is imparted to the substance of the Cornea out of the Lacerated Carotide Arteries other times it is produced by over-sharp Medicines applied to the Eyes and chiefly from Salt sharp and serous Recrements of the Blood corroding and exulcerating the substance of the Cornea As to the Cure of an Ulcer of the Cornea Purging Medicines may be advised as also Bleeding in a Sanguine Constitution and then Defensatives may be administred to the Forehead consisting of Astringents which do check the flux of Humors into the parts affected The Indications The Cure of the Ulcers of the Cornea are the same with other Ulcers and consist of milde detergent drying and consolidating Medicines of Tutty Red Coral Aloes Sarcocol nourished in Milk which may be put into a Linnen Cloth and hung in Eye-bright Fennel or Salendine Water and after they have been sometime infused and strained a few drops of the Water may be instilled into the Eye as also Hydromel and Syrup of dried Roses being of a cleansing drying quality may be of good use in this case When the Ulcer is cleansed Sief de plumbo Rasis may be given in any convenient destilled Waters of Salendine the Great Eye-bright Fennel or Roses as also Saccharum or Oleum Saturni may be of great use in this case Or let a Liniment be made of Red Coral Prepared Burnt Harts-Horn Prepared Ceruss washed and a few Grains of Crude Antimony and Honey of Roses strained A Collyrium may also be prepared with burnt Lead washed Tutty Prepared Gum of Tragacanth infused in Eye-water Another Disease to which the Cornea is obnoxious is a Rupture A Rupture of the Cornea which is made downward when the Pus following an Inflammation is accumulated in the
sometimes determining in an Apoplexy I saw a Brewers Man upon a great blow of his Head oppressed with a great Lethargy and Fever An Observation upon this case which ended in an Apoplexy after some few hours and the Scalpe being taken off a great Fracture appeared having pierced both Tables of the Skull which being taken off a quantity of Blood was discerned to be lodged upon the Dura mater which compressed the Blood-vessels and hindred the motion of the Blood into the Cortex and produced the Lethargy ending in an Apoplexy A Gentleman receiving a wound in his Eye by a Tobacco-pipe which forthwith entred into the substance of the Brain producing a great Sopor ending in death Afterward the Brain being opened a wound was discovered in it near the Eye oppressing it with extravasated Blood which sometimes suppurates and corrupts the substance of the Brain generating first a Lethargy and then an Apoplexy Having given a short History of the Nature The Sleepy Diseases being akin in their causes are much alike in Cures too and causes of Sleepy Diseases it may be now pertinent to speak somewhat of their Cures which are very much alike as they hold great affinity one with another And I will begin with an Apoplexy as the highest of sleepy affections in reference to the preservatory indication or to its Fit which often proceedeth from a quantity of Blood and its intercepted motion caused either by the grossness of Blood or Compression produced by the Tumor of the adjacent parts which do all Indicate a free mission of Blood out of the jugular Veins or out of the Arm which may be again and again repeated in a plethorick Body And Clysters may be administred prepared with Emollients and Discutients to which may be added the leaves of Rue Species Hierae the lenitive Electuary c. Vomits may be given Vomitories Cupping-Glasseâ— Vesicatoâ—ies prepared with Salt of Vitriol in compound Walnut-water Oxymel of Squills or infusion of Crocus metallorum taking often free draughts of Posset-drink between the vomiting Cupping-glasses may be applied to the Shoulders and Neck and to the top of the Head according to Fracastorius As also blistering Plaisters made large and strong may be used and affixed between the Shoulders and to the Neck and the inside of the Arms near the Axillaries Strong Purgatives may be given in this Disease Strong Purgatives are also very proper in this Disease prepared with Amber Cochiae minores Extract Rud. Faetid M. quickened with some grains of Trochisc of Alhandal or Diagridium Julapes may be given made up of Distilled Water of Lilly of the Valley Julapes Lime Flowers Rue compound Paeony Compound Briony Spirit of Lavender to which may be added some drops of Spirit of Hartshorn Spirit of Smoke Castor Salt Armoniack succinated c. As also gross Powders prepared with Amber Castor Galbanum Asa faetida Suffum gations c. may be thrown upon Embers and the Fumes received into the Nostrils and the Temples and Nostrils may be anointed with Oil of Amber Ointments Spirit of Castor apoplectick Balsome to which may be added some drops of Salt Armoniack succinated The top of the Head being shaved may be annointed about the Coronal and Sagittal Suture with Oil of Amber Spirit of Lavender c. and a hot Frying-pan may be held near the Head to warm it and the Oil and Spirits that they may have the greater influence upon the Brain And in desperate Apoplectick Fits a Red hot Iron may be held near the Coronal Suture and Occiput that its heat and pain may reduce the Patient to Sense Or a strong Blistering Plaister applied to the coronal Suture which is more safe and less troublesome And the Body being universally purged by proper Medicines given with Cephalicks particular Evacuations may be advised Whereupon the excretory vessels of the Tongue and Palate Gargarismes or Apophelmatismes may be opened by Gargarismes that the Oral Glands may discharge the Recrements of the Blood and sollicite its motion by opening the terminations of the Carotide Arteries inserted into the substance of the Oral Glands To this end roots of Pellitory boiled in simple Oxymel to which some Castor may be added and Mustard-seed powdered and mixed with Honey or else boiled in strong White-wine may be applied to the Palate Sternutatory Powders may prove very beneficial in this Disease Sternutatories made of Majoram Seeds of Nigella Pepper Castor to which may be added some grains of White Ellebore and Pellitory Fumes also may be received into the Nostrils coming from Vinegar prepared with the Seed of Nigella Rue and Castor thrown upon a Red hot Iron As also shavings of Hartshorn and the Clawe of an Elke or Feathers or Hair of a Goat cast upon Embers and held under the Nostrils have great efficacy to remove a deep Sleep and comfort the Brain which is the nature of all Faetids Frictions of the soles of the Feet with Vinegar and Salt Frictions with Hands anointed with Oil of Rue Spirit of Castor c. speak great advantage in Fits of an Apoplexy The Head may be bathed with Vinegar Fomentations in which the Berries of Bays and Juniper the Roots of Angelica Imperatoria and the leaves of Betony Rue Sage Rosemary Majoram Winter-Savory the Flowers of Lavender Sage Betony Rosemary Paeony c. After the Fomentation a Sacculus may be applied to the Head A Sacculus made of the Spices of Nutmegs Cloves Mace Cubebs and the Flowers of Betony Sage Majoram Rosemary c. A preservatory method of Physick may be advised to persons that have escaped one or Two Apoplectick Fits as subject to them In this case purging Medicines may be advised of Senna Agarick Rubarb Flowers of Paeony Sage Rosemary c. infused in Distilled Waters of Flower of Lime Paeony mixed with a little White-wine to which being strained may be added Syrup of Buckthorn Peach-flowers and Syrup of Roses solutive Bleeding proper in this course Afterward Bleeding may be freely celebrated which by lessening of the quantity of Blood and by making good its circulation doth prevent Inflammations Abscesses Ulcers of the Brain proceeding from the stagnation of Blood Vomitories may be given after Purgatives Fontanels the great cause of an Apoplexy When a Purgative hath been celebrated Vomitories may be administred made with some proper Emetick Afterward Two large Fontanels may be made between the Shoulders to divert and discharge some ill Humors Electuaries having recourse to the Head to prevent the Apoplectick Fit in order to it an Electuary may be advised prepared with Conserves of Lime-Flowers Lilly of the Valley Paeony the Powders of Amber Castor Pearl Coral and Humane Skull the Seeds of Paeony Apozemes and Goats-Rue made up with the Syrup of Lime-Flowers After which a draught of an Apozeme may be taken prepared with the Flowers of Betony Sage Rosemary Lavender and with Viscus Quercinum or
Viscus Pomorum to which may be added Stercus Pavonis and when it hath been well boiled in spring-Spring-water and strained it may be sweetened with Syrup of Lime-Flowers Powders Paeony or Lilly of the Valley Powders also may be advised made of Paeony-root and of Species Diambrae Castor Angelica Zedoary Contragerva and of the chips of Oranges and Lemons drinking after every Dose a draught of a proper Julape or Apozeme A Carus Coma and Lethargy being all Sleepy Diseases have great alliance with an Apoplexy and do admit the like method of Physick and Medicines prescribed in an Apoplexy the highest of all Sleepy Diseases CHAP. LXV Of the Vertigo or Meagrum A Vertigo or Meagrum is here Treated of A Vertigo is often a forerunner of Sleepy Diseases as a fore-runner to the Apoplexy and the other Sleepy Diseases and is seated in the ambient parts and more inward Recesses of the Brain the allodgments of the Animal Spirits in which their first rise and motion is produced the ministers of the inward Senses as well as the intellectual Functions These active emissaries of the Soul the more refined Particles of the Animal Liquor sometimes exalt the Processes of the Brain in great companies and other times in smaller numbers and are carried in irregular motions highly discomposing the fibrous Compage of the Brain wherein the lucide Particles suffer a total Eclipse as in an Apoplexy or a lesser in a Carus Coma and Lethargy in which some glimmerings of the more noble and sensitive operations of the Brain appear My Province at this time is to discourse a vertiginous disposition A Vertigo proceedeth sometimes from a disordred and other times from an intercepted motion of the Animal Spirits The description of a Vertigo sometimes a Herald of greater Maladies the Sleepy Diseases of the Brain wherein the Animal Spirits have their motion sometimes disordered and other times stopped so that they cannot be duely ministerial to the production of the Animal Operations A Vertigo is a disaffection of the Brain wherein the objects of sight seem to wheel round with a great swimming in the Head so that the Animal Spirits are highly discomposed as suffering a great confusion produced by an irregular Motion whereupon they have not a due influence first into the Fibrils of the Brain and afterward into the Optick Nerves productive of a lost or diminished sight and progressive motion In the Paroxysme of this Disease the inward Senses admit a deception The Paroxysm of a Vertigo while reeling Objects seem to be hurried in motion and the rational Conception is not much disturbed while we apprehend the discomposure of our inward and outward Senses As to the cause of this Malady its worth our inquiry how it is made The causes of this Disease in Diseases or by a violent motion of the Body in a circular manner or by a prospect from a high place of some low distant Objects seated immediately or directly under us or by going over narrow open Bridges placed over great and deep waters running in hasty torrents or in a Ship under sail carried with an impetuous motion in a strong Tempest Whereupon the Animal Spirits run so confused that they cause a vertiginous disposition which may seem worth our consideration to understand the reason of this discomposure as conducive to the better understanding the intrinsick causes of a Meagrum When we have long hurried our Bodies in a circular motion A Vertigo coming from a disorderly motion of ouâ— Body all outward objects seem to dance round about us and though we repose our selves yet this phancy continues and sometimes we tumble down upon the ground or floor and have an apprehension of a circular motion in our Brain And the reason may be not that the disaffection is lodged in the outward Sense or there continued but from the agile temper of the Animal Spirits as Learned Dr. Willis hath well observed Cap. 7. De Vertigine Pa. 250. Quippe ait ille affectus iste a corporis circulatione producitur sive oculis intuemur sive nictamus At vero hujus apparitionis causa omnino dependet a fluxili spirituum animalium substantia quippe spiritus intra Cerebrum scatentes non secus habent ac aqua aut densa vaporum congeries phialae inclusa quae una cum vase continente circumagitur facta semel vortice etiam vase quiescente motum istum aliquandiu continuare persistit pari etiam modo quando hominis corpus circumgyratur spiritus cerebri incolae ab ista capitis tanquam vasis continentis circumductione in motus tornatiles ac veluti spirales aguntur cumque propterea solito influxu directo jubare nervos irradiare nequeant hinc una cum visibilium rotatione saepe Scotomia pedum vacillatio inducuntur Hemisphaerium visibile rotare videtur quia spiritus speciem excipientes circulariter moventur quare siquidem sensibilis impressio recipitur per modum recipientis prout spiritus ita objecta in orbem moveri videbuntur And the prospect of disagreeable Objects or a dangerous situation or motion of the Body giveth a suddain surprisal and striketh a dread into the phancy and rendreth the motion of the Animal Spirits irregular and confused And in persons debauched with great proportions of Wine The Animal Liquor is highly discomposed by immoderate drinking or strong Liquors the Blood is disordered with fierce and turbulent steams which being carried into the Brain do give a high disturbance to the Animal Liquor and Spirits generated of the serous part of the vital juyce by offering a violence to them by rendring their motion inordinate and confused In these external or evident causes of a preternatural disposition of the Brain producing a Meagrum the Animal Spirits are disturbed in their natural Emanations by a confused progress and various agitations hither and thither within the Interstices of numerous nervous Fibrils in the ambient parts or more inward Recesses of the Brain so that the natural motion of the Animal Spirits being checked and rendred confused they do not flow regularly into the Nerves of the Eyes whereupon the visible Objects seem to admit a Circumrotation which is not truly in them but a deception of the Sight proceeding inwardly from the fluctuation of the Animal Spirits which are as I humbly conceive carried forward and backward in various disordred motions Having discoursed the evident causes The inward causes of a Vertigo generating a vertiginous affection of the Brain I shall endeavour now to give some account of the more inward and preternatural causes of it So that a Vertigo is sometime a symptome as a consequent of another Malady And other times it is not an accident but a Disease as produced within the Processes of the Brain A vertiginous symptome is first of all produced by the motion of the Blood checked in the Heart or Lungs whereupon followeth a Syncope or Lypothimy a difficulty of Breathing
and if the Pulse groweth low and quick attended with a difficulty of Breathing Vomitings Convulsions and frequent drops of Blood distilling out of the Nostrils they are the symptomes or forerunners of death And if in a long continued Phrensy A Pleuresy degenerating in a Lethargy the ambient parts of the Membranes Cortex and the Corpus callosum be oppressed with a quantity of serous Recrements or stagnant Blood productive of an inflammatory disposition it often degenerates into a Lethargy Mania Melancholia or Morosis which are hardly curable A Paraphrenitis is a Disease proceeding from an inflammation of the Midriff accompanied with a Fever which being endued with a multitude of nervous Fibrils A Paraphrenitis proceedeth from a inflammation of the Midriff highly affecteth the Brain as Galen and the Antients will have it But the modern Physicians making a greater inspection into the nature of Diseases gained by the dissection of dead Bodies have found that the Inflammation Abscess and Ulcer of the Midriff have proved very fatal to Patients without the least shew of a Phrensy But I humbly conceive that a Paraphrenitis doth not come from an Inflammation A Paraphrenitis coming from an Abscess of the Midriff or Abscess of the Midriff but is a gentle or bastard Phrensy being near a kin to a Delirium proceeding from slighter causes then a Phrensy from a mass of Blood not enraged with such high sulphureous Particles or with serous Liquor so much oppressing the Cortex or more inward Recesses of the Brain whereupon the Animal Spirits are less disordered and the rational and sensitive Powers are not so much perverted in the performance of their operations as in a Phrensy As to the cure of the Phrensy Bleeding proper in the cure of a Phrenitis and Paraphrenitis in reference to hot stagnated Blood in the Membranes and substance of the Brain it denotes Bleeding to lessen the mass of Blood and to make good its circulation Letting of Blood is most proper in the beginning of the Disease while Nature is strong and before the Disease is too much radicated in the state of it when the Malady hath got a great head attended with Syncopes Lipothymies and a quick weak Pulse wherein it is more rational to forbear Bleeding and apply Blistering plaisters between the Shoulders to the inside of the Arms Thighs Legs and Cephalick plaisters and proper Cataplasmes to the Feet In reference to the Fever accompanying the Phrensy Emulsions made with cooling Seeds may be proper to allay the unnatural heat of the Blood which is often to be taken away out of the jugular Veins or the Cephalick Median or Basilick of the Arm as also a Vein may be opened in the Foot when the Menstrua are suppressed or Leeches may be applyed to the Haemorrhoidal Veins which revel the Blood from the Head both in Men and Women Cupping-glasses may be applyed to the Shoulders and Neck Cupping-glasses are proper in this Disease which very much relieve the Head in a Phrensy The temporal Artery may be safely opened in this Disease as immediately discharging the fierce Blood out of the Carotide Artery and proveth often very advantageous in this case Clysters also are very successful to empty the Bowels of Excrements and Wind and Vomitings and Catharcticks are very dangerous A Clyster may be very useful in a Phrensy except they be gentle by reason they give great disturbance to the sharp and hot Humors of the Body and much intend the Fever which associates the Phrensy Cephalick Julapes made of the Flowers of Lilly of the Vally Limetree Cowslips and Red Poppy made up with Pearl and Sugar are very beneficial to attemper the enraged Animal Spirits which being fixed are brought to a due order in motion whereby the more excellent and meaner Faculties have a due perception of their various outward and inward Objects Apozemes may be safely given prepared with roots of Dogs-grass Apozemes wild Asparagus Bruscas and with the leaves of Vervain Betony fragrant Apples sliced Corrants the Seeds of Melons Pumpions White Poppy and the Colature after they have been boiled in water may be dulcified with Syrup of Water-Lillies An Electuary of Conserv of Water-Lillies of which a draught may be drunk after every Dose of an Electuary prepared with the Conserve of Water-Lillies Lime-Flowers and Lillies of the Valley Powder of the Four cooling Seeds c. made up with the Syrup of Water-Lillies CHAP. LXVII Of Melancholly THis melancholick indisposition of the Brain The Melancholy hath somewhat of likeness with a Phrenitis hath much affinity with a Phrenitis as they are both delirous affections of the Head flowing from vitiated Animal Spirits disordering the upper and lower Faculties of Reason and Sense So that this Disease may admit this description The descrion of Melancholy as being a Delirium composed of a depravation of Reason and Imagination accompanied with Fear and Sadness which sheweth Melancholy to be a Malady complicated with the indisposition of the Brain and Heart by reason it is a Delirium proceeding from the Fault of the Brain and Animal Spirits conjoyned with Passions arising from the Heart This Disease differeth from a Phrenitis Melancholy differeth from other Cephalick Diseases Mania Morosis as it is a Delirium associated with a high passionate discomposure of Fear and Grief the sad concomitants of this Malady of which the Patient can give a rational account as not proceeding from any outward severe accident producing these troublesome passions but from an ill mass of Blood and other ill inward causes disturbing the Heart Brain and Animal Spirits And melancholick persons The various Fancies of melanchoâ—iâ—k Persons are not only affected with clouds of Fear and Grief but sport themselves in Laughter and immoderate Joy by pleasing their fancies with the vain apprehensions of great Honour and State as being Kings and Princes having a great affluence as they conceive of all Pleasures and Riches The ridiculous imaginations of this Disease have metamorphosed Men into Wolves which they have endeavoured to imitate in Barking and Howling Others have fancied themselves dead and have intimated their desires to be buried and have conceived their Bodies to be composed of Glass fearing lest any person nearly approaching them should rub upon them and break them inpieces it would be endless and infinite to recount the numbers of foolish imaginations and nonsensical whimsies accompanying Melancholy which in reference to more or less symptomes This Disease is styled Universal or Particular as it hath more or less Symptomes may be called Universal or Particular The First hath more numerous delirous apprehensions then the other as treating themselves in sad deep Thoughts so that their fancy is restless and sometimes entertaineth it self with variety of Objects and othertimes with one or a few things of small importance always running in the fancy which they betray in speaking of it to the great trouble of the Auditors And
Disease to advise gentle Purgatives prepared with proper alteratives at once purging of the Atrabilarian Humors Cooling and moist Medicines are useful in a Melancholick distemper and giving alay to the other by cooling and moist Medicines which do countermand the hot and dry disposition and sweeten the acide and saline parts of the Blood As the root of Polypode of the Oak Epithymum Caruway seed boiled in water with a little Wine Senna Rubarb Agarick Tamarinds adding at last a purging Syrupe of Apples or Syrupe of Peach-Flowers c. Pilulae Tartareae Bontii Purging Pills Quercetani de succino quickned with a little Resine of Jalape or Scammony or Extract of Rudius Tartar vitriolated and in strong constitutions of Body Extract of black Hellebore Gum Ammoniac dissolved in cinnamon-Cinnamon-water Resine of Scammony Jalape c. may be advised Purgative Powders Purgative Powders given in Posset-drink as Diasenna Diaturbeth as also Rubarb Agarick Senna Lapis-lazuli powdered and given in Posset-drink prepared with Small Beer and White-wine in which you may add Syrupe of Apples Syrupe of Roses-solutive of Peach-Flowers of Buckthorn c. Purgatives may be advised frequently once in Five or Six days Benigne Purgatives are most laudable in this Disease and let them be prepared with benigne Medicines which do not offer a violence to Nature by reason strong Medicines have a malignant temper which do irritate the ill Humors of the Blood and vitiate it and the nervous Liquor and give an irregular motion to the Animal Spirits and aggravate the Disease If the Body be bound a Clyster may be injected of a common decoction prepared with some gentle purging Electuary or rather with purging Syrupes and common Sugar Testaceous Powders Testaceous Powders given in some proper Apozemes or in clarified Whey made of Crabs claws Egg shels c. and of Pearl Coral Crabs Eyes and the like may be given in Posset-drink or Whey or some alterative Apozeme prepared with some of the Five opening Roots of the Leaves of Borage Betony the Flowers of Cowslips Water-Lilies Ivory shavings Pippins Raisins of the Sun c. and sweetned with Syrupe of Cowslips or Water-Lilies to which may be added some compound Briony or Paeony water Decoctions of China Sarza in which may be infused the tops of Pine and Firr the Flowers of Cowslips Water-Lilies Borage Bugloss and being strained may be sweetned with the alterative Syrupe of Apples Water-Lilies Cowslips Wood-Sorrel and the like which do contemperate and moisten the hot and dry temper of melancholick Persons and dulcify the saline parts of the Blood which are a main ingredient in this disconsolate phanciful Disease The Third Indication The vital Indication denotes Medicines coroborating the Brain A Cephalick Electuary being vital doth consist in the conservation of the affected parts and doth denote corroborating Medicines which do strengthen the Brain and repair the decays of Nature In this case Electuaries may be proper made of the Conserves of Lime-Flowers Lily of the Valley Water-Lilies Cowslips Gilly-Flowers the Powders of Pearl Crabs Eyes Crabs Claws Coral Candid Rine of Citron or Mirabolans to which Syrupe of Water-Lilies may be added to make it into the consistence of an Electuary After which may be drank a draught of Cephalick Julape A Cephalick Julape made with the distilled Waters of Lime-Flowers Lillie of the Valley Black Cherries compound Paeony sweetned with Syrupe of Cowslips Water-Lilies In this case a Magistral distilled Water may be very advantageous A Cephalick distilled Water Take of the Leaves of Betony Borage Bugloss Water-cresses Brooklime Balm of the Flowers of Cowslips Water-Lilies Lily of the Valley of the chips of Citrons Auranges Limons Nutmegs distilled in Whey made with fragrant Apples to which may be added a little White-wine Apozemes also are useful in Melancholy An Apozeme prepared with the Roots and Leaves of Polypode of the Oak Hartshorn Ceterack Epithymum Water-Germander Water-Cresses and Millepedes bruised of which some may be boiled in a close Pipkin and being strained may be sweetened with double or treble refined Sugar After a Chalybeate course the Waters of Epsam Barnet Northal The purging Mineral Waters or Dulige may be drank as preparatory to the Waters of Tunbridge Rotherfield as good as any of the Acidulae or the Spaw-waters of York-shire The diuretick Waters which are to be taken with a proper method of Physick else they may prove very prejudicial Whey also may be very beneficial prepared with the tops of Pine and Firr or with Brooklime Water-Cresses the Flowers of Cow-slips Lime Lily of the Valley Water-Lilies c. Broths also may be given made with a Chicken or Pullet A Medicinal Broth. and with the Leaves of Polypode of the Oak Wood-Sorrel or with Borage Bugloss Pearl Barley to which may be added the Shavings of Hartshorn and Ivory CHAP. LXVIII Of a Mania or Madness THE Mania Madness is near akin to Melancholy or Madness hath much affinity with Melancholy and degenerates into Madness as the Atribilarian Humor groweth more exalted and mixed with acide Recrements it is turned into a Maniack disposition and the Vital Spirits being highly enflamed do enrage the Animal productive of Madness which attendeth Melancholy as the flame is ushered in by Smoak This Disease may be defined The definition of Madness a Delirium or depravation of the Imagination and Reason without Fear and Sadness the attendants of Melancholy with fury boldness and great clamors and rantings derived from saline sulphureous Particles arising first out of the Blood and afterward imparted to the Animal Liquor and Spirits Some Physicians suppose Madness to be an elevated Melancholy Madness supposed to be an elevated Melancholy as the saline sulphureous Particles of the Atrabilarian Humor are only more exalted producing more symptomes of Rage boldness horrid out-crys c. But I humbly conceive this Disease doth not differ gradually but specifically as coming from various causes and accompanied with higher symptomes by reason Melancholy is accompanied with Fear and Sorrow and Madness with Fury and Boldness flowing from nitro-sulphureous parts of the vital Liquor making a hot Fermentative disposition of the nervous Juyce enraging the Animal Spirits The subject of this Disease is the fibrous Compage of the Brain The subject of Madness composed of numerous Fibrils containing the nervous Liquor generated of albuminous parts of the Blood the subject and vehicle of the Animal Spirits which move between the Filaments of minute Nerves in a great hurry and most irregular manner The turbulent symptomes of this furious malady The symptomes of Madness is a depravation of the phancy and intellect importuned with storms of impetuous Thoughts expressed in furious Language and ranting Gestures of tearing Cloaths biting the Tongue and offering violent hands to themselves These horrid Signs Symptomes of this Disease are illustrated by Mineral Waters arising out of the ill tone of the Animal Spirits Dr.
the nitro-sulphureous Particles of the Blood enraging the Animal Liquor and Spirits The Third Indication is Vital The Third is Vital as it supporteth Strength and Life and denoteth restorative and corroborating Medicines and wholsome Diet easy of digestion as not being of too high a nourishment which ever feedeth the Disease rather then the Patient The Curatory Indication The means advised in the Curatory Indication is much assisted by the prudent conduct of Friends and Servants giving good Council sometimes and othertimes threats blows and bonds which often awe the servile refractory temper of Mad Men who else will not be governed in the taking of Aliment and Medicines and will not submit themselves unless they be over-powred by force to which they are as passive as Brutes with whom they hold some Analogy as destitute of Reason And nothing more reduceth this kind of Patients to a perfect understanding Severity is very powerful in the cure of Madness and perfect enjoyment of themselves then by the severe Treatment of their Bodies whereupon a high restraint rendreth them humble and submissive whereby the arrogance and fierceness of Mad People being subdued they return to themselves in the regular exercise of their rational and sensitive Faculties As to a course in Physick Free Bleeding is very proper in Madness nothing is more beneficial then free Bleeding which giveth an allay to the fierceness of it by taking away its quantity and height and abateth the tumultuary motion of the Blood and Animal Spirits through the fibrous Compage of the Brain to this end an apertion of Veins may be frequently celebrated if it be consistent with strength in the Arm The opening of the Temporal Artery is very good in this Disease Neck Veins of the Forehead and above all I conceive the opening of the temporal Artery may speak an advantage to the Patient in this Malady as it letteth out some of the enraged mass of Blood whose motion and fury is most eminent in the Artery and by this operation I have seen very good success in this Malady as it evacuates some part of the hot furious Blood that the rest may be the more easily contemperated by the application of cooling Medicines Vomitories are very beneficial in this Disease Vomitortes are very advantageous in Madness as it dependeth upon Blood tainted with nitro-sulphureous Particles often proceeding from the obstruction of the Liver Pancreas and other Viscera which are opened in reference to their excretory Ducts by the violent motion of the Stomach drawing the Guts into consent whereupon they violently contracting themselves upward in an inverted peristaltick motion do throw up Bile and acide Recrements out of the Intestines into the Stomach whereby the Blood being depurated giveth less annoyance to the Head Take of an infusion of Crocus or Sulphure of Antimony prepared with some grains of Tartar or some grains of White Hellibore or Mercurius vitae given in some proper vehicle Mercurial Medicines Mercurial Medicines often prove successful in Madness given with Purgatives or without as of Calamelanos of it self or quickned with some few grains of Turpeth Minerale move a salivation and often discharge an habitual Madness by reason sometimes a great evacuation of salival Liquor coming of it self without the help of Art doth cure a Maniack disposition Strong Purgatives do also speak a great advantage in order to the cure of this stubborn Malady as they depress the height of the fierce Humors Strong Purgatives are good in this Disease and lessen the quantity of the saline serous and sulphureous parts of the Blood and nervous Liquor conjunct causes of this Disease as the infusion of Black Hellebore in White-wine and Water prepared with Tartar and Seeds of Caraway or Coriander as the Decoctum Sen. Gereonis prepared with Epithymum Mechoacan Turpeth c. As also a Bolus of Extract of Helebore with Calamelanos c. As also Pilulae Coch. Min. Faetid Major hightened with some grains of the Trochichs of Ashandal or Resin of Scammony or Jalap The preservatory Indication hath relation to the cause of this Disease The preservatory Indication consisteth much in sweetning the mass of Blood and doth much take off the nitrous and sulphureous parts of the Blood and correct the Acrimony of the nervous Liquor and irregular motion of the Animal Spirits A Mineral of Cristal or Nitre well prepared as also Spirit of Sulphure The Blood may be allayed by Minerals or Vitriol incrassating the thin and hot mass of Blood and attemperating the raging quality are very beneficial in appeasing the violent motion of the Blood and the nervous Liquor and Spirits Chalybeat Syrupes Tinctures Electuaries mixed with cooling Medicines Chalybeatâ— are very proper in a Maniack disposition Diet-drink do speak a great allay to the furious Blood and extravagant motion of the Animal Liquor and its more refined Particles by drinking now and then a draught of Diet-drink made with Sarza or China in which the Flowers of Water-Lilies Cowslips or Lily of the Valley may be boiled and it being strained may be sweetned with Syrupe of Water-Lilies or Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley Whey Clarified prepared with the Flowers of Water-Lilies Betony Clarified Whey prepared with Water-Lilies Cowslips c. may be given for an ordinary drink in this case As also Emulsions prepared with the cooling Seeds White Poppy blanched Almonds c. may be of great use Decoctions of the tops of Borage Bugloss fragrant Apples Decoctions of Borage c. the shavings of Ivory the Flowers of Borage Violets Cowslips Water-Lilies c. are very profitable As also Apozemes of Pimpernel having a Blew Flower St. Johns-wort c. Electuaries also prepared with Conserves of Flowers of Water-Lilies Electuaries Lily of the Valley Cowslips cooling Seeds powdered as Powder of Haley c. made up with Syrupe of Water-Lillies drinking immediately after it a draught of cooling or specifique Apozeme The vital Indication hath a regard to the preservation of Strength Cordiaâ—â— as the said Electuary As also an Electuary made with Sage Flowers Rosemary Paeony Cowslips Water-Lilies which contemperate the hot disposition of the Brain and corroborate it After which a draught may be taken immediately prepared with Flowers of Betony Rorismary Sage or Tey and the like sweetned with Syrupe of Cowslips or Water-Lilies In point of Diet all strong and full nourishment is to be avoided as keeping the Blood high and enraged wherefore it is more reasonable to advise a thin Diet of Water-gruel Barley-Cream thin broth of a Chicken Mutton Veal c. Hypnoticks may be proper in this Disease And by reason Sleep is very requisite to compose the unquiet Animal Spirits gentle Hypnoticks may be advised of Cowslips or Red poppy-Poppy-water or that of Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley with some cinnamon-Cinnamon-water distilled with Barley and Syrupe of Poppy In reference to Madness proceeding from the biting of
the tone of the fibrous Compage to be very laxe and unable to resist the ill affections of the nervous Liquor whence ensue diverse unnatural motions of the Fibrils of the Brain and nervous Plexes of the Viscera and muscular parts of the Body And farthermore another reason may be offered The reason why Convulsive motions do flow from the Brain that the Blood and serous Liquor infecting the Brain are a great cause of Convulsive motions by reason Fontanels in the neck and blistering plaisters applied to it and Leeches set under the Ears do take away much of the serous Humors oppressing the Brain and divert the motion of Blood which are experimentally found very conducive to the alleviation and Cure of Convulsive motions in Children Thus pro modulo meo I have given a History of Convulsive motions that torture Children chiefly in the Two or Three first Months arising out of an ill mass of Blood contracted in the Womb consisting in Heterogeneous and contrary Elements raising a high fermentation in the vital Liquor which afterward infecteth the Succus Nervosus and Animal Spirits with nitro-sulphureous flatulent and elastick Particles causing expansive and contractive motions in the nervous Filaments of the fibrous Compage of the Brain and other Plexes of Nerves seated in the Viscera Muscular and Membranous parts of the Body which often prove fatal And though nature be so strong as to conquer these terrible motions in the first Months yet she is obnoxious afterward to great danger in reference to violent Convulsive motions associates of a Fever and proceeding from the breeding of Teeth Convulsive motions proceeding from Fevers produced by pains in the breeding of Teeth All Children having Fevers in breeding of Teeth are not always afflicted with concussions of muscular parts as having oftentimes good Constitutions and a laudable mass of Blood and a well-disposed Animal Liquor and Spirits and a firm tone of the Systeme of Nerves whereupon they are not obnoxious to Convulsive motions But the great pains of Dentition in an ill habit of Body and laxe Compage of Nerves I humbly conceive are the immediate cause of a Fever and Convulsive motions proceeding from an Inflammation of the Gums produced by Blood stagnated in the Interstices of the Vessels tumefying the said parts and compressing the branches of the Fifth pair of Nerves seated about the roots of the Teeth offended also with saline and acide parts of serous Humors vellicating the nervous Fibrils endued with a most acute Sense And the Teeth themselves enlarging their dimensions in Dentition The reason why Children are very much disturbed in Dentition do squeeze the Nerves and highly discompose their tender frame by their hard substance which growing more and more in hight do compress and cut the Membrane encircling the Gums which is a contexture of nervous Fibrils and is derived as some will have it from the Dura Menynx of the Brain so that this fine integument of the Gums is a composition of nervous Fibrils which being squeezed and cut by the rise of the Teeth growing upward must necessarily produce great pain and often Convulsive motions drawing the fibrous Compage of the Brain and muscular parts of the Eyes Face Lips Limbs and Viscera into consent attended with violent Vomitings Diarrhaeas Lypothymys Syncopes c. which are very terrible to behold in young Children not able to express themselves The Fever attending the breeding of Teeth is produced by great pain the associate of an Inflammation proceeding from Blood setled in the Gums which maketh a great effervescence in it of which some part endued with heterogeneous fermentative Elements being returned by the Veins to the Heart causeth a Fever partly taking its rise from the over-hasty motion of the Blood made by the Convulsive motions of the Muscles violently compressing the Arteries And Children are not only subject to Convulsive motions in the Two or Three first Months after their Birth and in the time of breeding of Teeth but also in other years of their Minority which is chiefly derived from an ill disposition of Blood consisting in heterogeneous fermentative Elements which having recourse to the Cortex of the Brain doth fill the Succus Nervosus and the Animal Spirits with flatulent elastick Particles producing various agitations of the Nerves caused by the repeated dilatations and contractions of their Filaments acted with many grand efforts to discharge offensive Matter giving a high disturbance to nature The Blood The Blood is the cause of Convulsive motions as spoiled by ill Diet. The Blood is corrupted by the ulcered Glands of the Viscera producing Convulsive motions the chief antecedent cause of Convulsive motions is debased by ill Diet by Aliment hard of digestion or by Milk degenerating into a Curd by the acide Ferment of the Stomach whereupon it rendreth the Milk Acide and sometime the Chyle is corrupted by bilious Recrements and an ulcerous Matter derived from the Ventricles or putrefied Glands of the Mesentery The Blood also is corrupted in its passage through the ulcered Glands of the Spleen Liver Pancreas Kidneys or the putrefied substance of the Bladder Uterus Diaphragme Pleura Mediastine Lungs c. whereby the vital Liquor being vitiated by a purulent Matter is carried up through the Carotide Arteries into the Cortical Glands wherein the nervous Liquor and the Animal Spirits become infected and produce great disorderly motions in the fibrous Compage of the Brain and the plexes of Nerves belonging to the Viscera Muscles and Membranes The ill mass of Blood is rendred more fermentative by ill Air in Fenny ground by the heat of the Sun and by changes of the Moon and by the malignant influences of the Planets which do debase the Succus Nervosus and its Spirits and render them turbulent and unquiet so that they discompose the tender Filaments of Nerves and put them upon violent and unnatural agitations highly afflicting the whole Body Having given an account of the unpleasant â—cenes of this Disease consisting in various storms of concussive motions of several parts of the Body my Taske at this time is to propound a means how these Tempests may be allayed that a pleasant calm may ensue The Cure of this Disease requireth a good method of Physick and the care of a Learned Physician prescribing proper Medicines and by reason Blood hath a great share in the cause of Convulsive motions Applications of Leeches to the Jugulars are very proper Cephalick Powders may be given in Cephalick Waters Three or Four Ounces may be taken away by the application of Leeches to the Jugular Veins and afterward Cephalick Powder may be advised made of Paeony roots Misletowe of the Oak Coral Pearl and the like given in a spoonful of a Cephalick Julape prepared with Black-Cherry Water or Water of Lime-Flowers Lily of the Valley Paeony Rue-water to which may be added a small quantity of Compound Paeony or the Antiepileptick water of Langius near akin to the
an evident cause A Palsey proceeding from an evident cause indicates Bleeding after a Clyster hath been injected And then gentle Diureticks and Diaphoreticks may be administred Diuretick Powders of a Stroke Fall Wound that the prejudiced part may be restored again an apertion of a Vein may be proper as lessening the mass of Blood and diverting it from the part affected after an emollient and discutient Clyster hath been administred and rejected gentle Diureticks and Diaphoreticks may be safely advised to make good the circulation of the Blood and discharge its serous Recrements whereby the part aggrieved is eased As also Diuretick Powders made of the Four cooling Seeds Chervil Golden-rod and the like mixed with Sugar or a Powder recited in the Augustan Dispensatory drinking immediately after it an Apozeme prepared with opening and Diuretick Medicines or vulnerary Diet-drinks The dislocated Vertebers are to be reduced Or if a Dislocation be made of the vertebers of the Spine they are to be reduced to their natural situation by a dextrous Chyrurgeons hand And afterward Balsomes Liniments may be applied as also Fomentations Cataplasmes Emplaistres of Oxycroceum e Minio e Mucilaginibus of Paracelsus and if the Tumor of the Chine remain resolving and discutient Bathings may be outwardly administred An habitual Palsey depending upon Procatarctick and antecedent causes being considered in actu signato or exercito in fieri or factum esse An habitual Palscy claims a peculiar Cure doth challenge to it self a peculiar way of Cure As to the Procatarctick causes belonging to this Disease A respect must be had to the Sex res non naturales in the cure of a Palsey a care must be had of the Sex res non naturales that they may be disposed in good order according to Art And the intentions of a Palsey in relation to its antecedent causes do denote the goodness of Chyle and mass of Blood which is effected by a good Diet and proper Ferments of the Stomach depending on a laudable Vital and nervous Liquor the Materia substrata and subject of the Animal Spirits To this intent courses of Physick may be administred Medicines prepared with Cephalicks and Antiscorbuticks As also Chalybeats are goo din this Disease prepared with Cephalicks and Antiscorbuticks mixed with purging medicines and after them in a Plethorick Body Bleeding may be advised and then Chalybeat Medicines may be taken of Tinctures Syrupes Powders given in Electuaries made of Temperate Scorbutick and Cephalick ingredients drinking after them a good draught of a proper Apozeme Vomitories may be prescribed in a foul Stomack Vomitories may be advised in a foul Stomach opening the obstructions of the Liver Spleen Pancreas made of the infusion of Crocus metallorum Salt of Vitriol Oxymel or Wine of Squills or some few grains of Mercurius vitae which is not to be given but in robust Bodies Fontanels may be made in the Neck between the Shoulders Fontanels very propeâ— in a Palsey in the Thigh or Leg which are very beneficial in this case Ale is proper medicated with the Leaves of Sage Betony Rorismary as also the Flowers of Lime Lily of the Valley Sage Paeony Rorismary Betony and the like And not only the Continent and Procatarctick causes of a Palsey are to be considered but the ill habit of the body too The ill habit of the Body is to be considered in a confirmed Palsey Purgatives and Alteratives as Apozemes Electuaries are proper for a habitual Palsey if the Disease groweth habitual as highly radicated and in this case a care must be had that Bleeding and violent Purging be omitted as Nature is highly weakened by the length of the Disease so that gentle Purgatives mixed with Antiscorbuticks Diureticks may now and then be given as also Cephalick Apozemes Electuaries prepared with Chalybeats which do refine the Blood nervous Liquor and Spirits and corroborate the Nerves which are relaxed or resolved in this Disease In a Palsey proceeding from pituitous or serous Recrements of the Brain Medicines for pituitous or serous Recrements of the Brain an Electuary may be advised prepared with the Leaves of Water-cresses the Flowers of Sage Betony Paeony Rorismary and Condite Eryngo-roots Condite Nutmegs Mace as also with the Powders of Crabs Eies Millepedes and a little of Castor and Amber made up with Syrupe of Sage-Flowers or Lavender drinking after it a good draught of an Apozeme made of Sarzaparilla China Guiacum Sassafras infused and boiled in fair water and to the Colature may be added of the Leaves of Betony Sage Rorismary of the Flowers of the same which may be arotamised with Mace Nutmegs c. and sweetned with Syrupe of Lavender or Lime-Flowers Or a Milk-water may be thus prepared Take of the Bark of Winteran A distilled Milk-water of the chips of Auranges and Limons of each Two Ounces of the Roots or Leaves of Cuckowpintle of the Leaves of Garden Scorby-grass Water-cresses Sage Betony of the Flowers of Lavender Sage Rorismary Nutmegs Millepedes which may be besprinkled First with Wine and stand a convenient time and afterward a large quantity of Milk may be added and a distillation made in a Rose Still To every Dose of this distilled water may be added some drops of Spirit of Salt Armoniack succinated Spirits of Salt Armoniack succinated or of Harts-horn Sutt Blood c. Tinctures of Turpentine Antimony or Amber or Elixir Proprieratis Bezoar Mineral or of Spirit of Hartshorn Sutt Blood c. Dr. Willis adviseth Tincture of Mercury Terebinth or Tincture of Antimony or Amber Elixir proprietatis or Paeony c. The Powder of the Flesh of Vipers and of the Hearts and Livers may be given in distilled waters of the Flowers of Lavender Sage Betony Rorismary c. Bezoar Mineral Solar mixed with Powder of Cloves Nutmegs Mace and once in Four or Five days gentle Purgatives prepared with Cephalicks are to be advised Trochischi de Mirrha Trochischi and Pills or Hysterici as also Pills made of Castor Amber Powder of Millepedes and of the Roots or Leaves of Ground Pine made into Pills with Syrupe of Paeony may be beneficial Powder of Zedoary Galangal Cardamom Specier Diambr may be given in a draught os some Specifick or Cephalick water or in the Magistral Milk-water prescribed above And last of all in this Palsey Fomentation of the Chine proceeding from cold causes the Spine may be bathed with compound Spirit of Lavender or the Queen of Hungarys Water or with Oil of Amber and the like Natural Baths Natural Baths which being sulphureous and Bituminous do heat dry and corroborate the Brain and Spinal Marrow and are very advantageous after universal evacuations have been celebrated A Palsey proceeding from Bilious Recrements A Bilious Palsey doth indicate more milde and temperate Medicines oppressing the Brain and Medulla Spinalis doth indicate more mild and temperate Medicines as Electuaries made of Conserve of Lime-Flowers Lily of the
Valley Peagles Betony Fumitery mixed with Species Diambrae Powder of Red Coral Crabs Eies prepared Pearl Crabs Claws made into an Electuary with the Syrupe of Lime-Flowers or Lily of the Valley drinking after it a draught of Milk-water made with the Leaves of Betony Water-cresses Brook-lime Ground Pine Cowslips Mountain Sage of the Flowers of Lime Lily of the Valley Sage Rorismary distilled with Milk in a Rose Still And in this case Apozemes an Apozeme may be given made of China Sarza-parilla shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn infused and boiled in Water in the Colature may be infused the Flowers of Betony Cowslips Lime and Paeony to which being strained Syrupe of Lime-Flowers may be added A Palsey taketh its rise from a Scorbutick indisposition of Body spoiling the Albuminous part of the Blood the ground of the Succus Nervosus and its more refined Particles This indisposition is regulated by proper Antiscorbuticks Antiscorbutick Juyces made of the juyces of Garden Scorby-grass Brook-lime Water-cresses Auranges which being depurated per residentiam may be given in a proper Milk-water made of Antiscorbuticks and Cephalicks distilled in a small proportion of White Wine mixed with a large quantity of Milk in a Rose Still Electuaries Antiscorbutick Electuarics made of the Conserve of Garden-Cresses Chervil Water-Cresses Garden Scorby-grass prepared with the Powder of Egg-shels Red Coral Pearl Ivory Crabs Eies made into the Consistence of an Electuary with the Syrupe of the opening Roots drinking after it a good draught of a Diet-drink A Diet-drink prepared with China Sarza-parilla Ivory and Hartshorn shavings Raisins of the Sun stoned and in the Liquor being boiled and strained may be infused the tops of Pine and Firre and the Colature being strained may be sweetned with the Syrupe of Cowslips or Lime-Flowers Pills made of testaceous Powders Millepedes formed into Pills Pills made of Millepedes and of testaceous Powders c. A Diet-drink with Venice Turpentine may be proper in a Scorbutick Palsey drinking after it a draught of Diet-drink made of China Sarza-parilla c. as above Or a Decoction made of Ground Ivy and Antiscorbuticks and Cephalicks of Mountain Sage Water-cresses Brookelime Flowers of Betony Paeony Sage Rorismary c. Diaphoreticks may be of great use in this Disease Diaphoreticks are very useful in a Palsey as Sweats do depurate the Blood and Succus Nervosus produced by Diet-drinks of Sarza-parilla China c. or by testaceous Powders Spirits and Extracts of Guaicum Flowers and Spirit of Salt Armoniack succinated Salt and Wine of Vipers Diaphoretick Antimony Bezoartick Mineral c. drinking after them a good draught of a proper Diet-drink Mercurial Medicines productive of Salivation Some propound Mercurial Medicines in a stubborn Palsey are propounded by some in desperate and habitual Palseys which method of Physick may prove fatal in weak Bodies as Mercurial Medicines highly infect the Brain Spinal Marrow and Nerves And last of all when universal evacuations have been administred Topicks may be applied when universal evacuations have been made Topicks may be applied made of Spirit of Wine in which the Flowers of Sage Rorismary Lavender may be infused As also Balsomes mixed with Oil of Fox Worms Castor the Queen of Hungarys Water with which the whole Spine is to be annointed and afterward covered with Flannel The Paralitick parts are to be warmly clothed with Furrs or the like And at other times when Ointments are not applied the Spine and Resolved parts may be invested with several sorts of Furrs which much cherish the relaxed and weakened Limbs CHAP. LXXVII Of the Scurvey HAving Treated of many Diseases relating more particularly to the Head I will conclude its Pathology with a Disease which may claim the Appellative of Universal The Scurvey is a kind of universal Disease as it not only affecteth the nervous Liquor and its more refined Particles the Animal Spirits but their subject too the fibrous Compage of the Brain lodged in the highest Apartiment and all the Viscera the choice housholdstuff of the middle and lowest story of the Body That the nature of the Scurvey may be rendred more clear I shall endeavour to give a History of its Subject Causes and Symptomes in order to a Cure As to its Subject I humbly conceive it is originally seated in the Stomach The First seat of the Scurvey as it taketh its rise from an ill Concoction producing a crude Chyle which being not well prepared in the Ventricle maketh an ill mass of Blood indisposing the Viscera as not receiving a due percolation in them whereupon the Blood is debased and depauperated as affected with gross sulphureous and saline Particles unduely exalted so that the vital and nervous Liquor being vitiated and dispirited do produce a Complication of Diseases seated in many parts of the Body commonly called the Scurvey an Imperial Malady attended with a great train of Symptomes In the highest a partiment it produceth great and periodical pains The Symptomes of the Scurvey in the Head as now and then affecting the coats of the Brain with a hot and ill mass of Blood and sometimes Drowsiness and othertimes Watchfulness Lightness of the Head Convulsions a Palsey in several parts of the Body caused by an ill Succus Nervosus the companions of this Disease are also Ulcers of the Tongue and Palate coming from sharp Recrements of the Blood depurated in the oral Glands spued out by the excretory Ducts into the skin of the Tongue and Palate which are often bedewed with a quantity of salival Liquor causing frequent Spittings attended with Ulcers of the Gums looseness of Teeth and an ill savour of the Mouth stenched with corrupt serous parts of the Blood corroding the Gums and their ligaments loosening the Teeth from their repositories whereupon they grow laxe and sometimes drop out of the Mandibles The parts of the middle Apartiment in the Scurvey The Symptomes of the Scurvey in the Thorax are afflicted with great Stiches and shooting pains of the Sides and Sternon arising from sharp Particles of Blood torturing the Pleura and Mediastine The Lungs also often labour of a great difficulty of breathing briskly endeavouring by often repeated acts of Respiration to pump the gross mass of Blood from one Cistern of the Heart through the pulmonary Artery and Veins into the other whereupon the Heart being often oppressed with too great a source of thick dispirited Blood is highly discomposed with disorderly pulsations Palpitations The Symptomes of the Scurvey in the lowest Venter Lypothymies Synocops c. The Viscera also of the lowest Apartiment are highly anoyed in this Disease The Stomach laboureth of nauseousness belchings vomiting pains proceeding from sharp and pituitous flatulent Recrements floating up and down in the Stomach the sad consequents of an ill concoctive Faculty proceeding from ill Ferments The Hypocondres are often afflicted with inflations and croakings which arise from Wind passing down the Guts often productive
of the Blood must be opened proper for Concoction and easy to be distributed and making few Excrements of which the more gross must be discharged by the Intestines and the more saline and watry severed by the Renal Glands and the Lympha by the Lymphaeducts and the bilious Recrements by the Hepatick Glands if these Colatories be open and free from obstructions the Blood acquireth a laudable Constitution but if the Viscera be clogged with gross Recrements they cannot duely perform their Office of Percolating the Blood The hindred perlocation of the Blood in the Viscera whereupon it is sometimes depraved with fixed saline othertimes with gross sulphureous and also with acide and acrimonious Recrements debasing the Blood and rendring it dispirited That all these intentions may be satisfied relating to many disaffections of the Viscera spoiling the eucrasy of the Blood is our Task at this time which must be accomplished by a due method of Physick advising proper Medicines of all sorts in right order The First seat of the Scurvey is in the Stomach Purging and Vomiting discharge the Stomack of its ill Recrements and its original cause is a crude indigested Chyle often infected with ill Humors spoiling the Ferments of the Stomach the great Menstruum dissolving the Compage of the Aliment in order to Concoction Whereupon it is reasonable to advise Purging and Vomiting Medicines to free the Ventricle from the importunate guests of offensive Excrements Bitter Medicines restore the Ferments of the Stomack to a good disposition and to administer bitter Medicines to restore the Ferments of the Stomach to a laudable temper And if the Pores of the Ventricle be obstructed aperient Medicines are proper to make way that the Ferments may be transmitted through secret Ducts into the Cavity of the Stomach to assist Concoction And in order to reduce the ill mass of Blood a great cause of the Scurvey to a laudable constitution by discharging its Faeces by secretion performed in the Viscera I conceive it very proper to advise Specificks to open the obstructed Glands of the Liver to depurate the Blood from adust bilious Recrements And in reference to acide and saline Faeces Diureticks discharge the Tartar of the Blood Diureticks may be prescribed to free the obstructed Glands from concreted Particles and help the slow excretion of Urine to refine the Blood from its gross Salt Recrements which are a great Element in the production of the Scurvey And because nature often dischargeth the saline Particles associated with the Blood by greater and less Arterial Branches into the cutaneous Glands wherein a secretion is made of the pure from the impure parts Diaphoreticks are very proper in the Scurvey whereupon they being carried by excretory Vessels to the surface of the Skin the Blood groweth refined so that in case of the Scurvey Diaphoretick Medicines may be prescribed with great advantage to the Patient In order to clear the Stomach of its load of acide saline Vomitories and sulphureous Recrements in strong Constitutions may be given the infusion of Croeus Metallorum Tartarus Emeticus Mynsichti a few grains of Mercurius vitae Salt of Vitriol and in weak Bodies Oxymel of Squills or a great quantity of Carduus-Posset or luke-warm water mixed with Oil of Olives may be administred by which the Contents of the Stomach may be thrown off and the folds of it free from gross viscide pituitous Recrements whereupon the Concoction of Chyle is very much promoted And if the Stomach is weak or not apt to be moved by Vomitories Gentle Purging Medicines must be given in weak Constitutions Purging Decoctions are very proper in this Malady gentle purging Medicines are more proper mixed with bitter which do corroborate the lost tone of the Stomach in the Scurvey as the Decoctum amarum cum purgantibus to which in a strong Body some Senna and Rubarb may be added The Tinctura Sacra may be very proper made of the Species Hierae infused in White Wine as also the Decoctum Sennae Gereonis to which may be added the tops of Centaury the less Rubarb Creme or Salt of Tartar vitriolated Tartar the Seeds of Carduus Syrupe of Peach-Flowers or Syrupe of Rubarb or compound Syrupe of Apples formerly called the Syrupe of the King of Sabor Pills of Bon called Tartanae Bontii Quercetani or those of Dr. Purging Pills Willis his Dispensation in his 7th Chapter of the Cure of the Scurvey Pa. 271. As also Stomacick Pills with Gumms to which may be added in strong Constitutions some grains of Extract Rud. or Resine of Jalap or Scammony In plethorick Bodies abounding with Blood and ill Recrements Bleeding is good in a Plethorick Body labouring of the Scurvey after purging Medicines have been once or twice administred a Vein may be often opened with a sparing hand lest in this Disease if too much Blood be exhausted a Dropsy ensue which sometimes proves fatal whereupon the Blood groweth better and more refined And once in Five or Six days Purging Medicines may be prepared by infusion in Water and Wine Purging Medicines mixed with Antiscorbuticks added at last to extract the virtue of the Ingredients with Senna Rubarb Agarick the tops of Pine Firr Water-cresses Seed of Caroways Creme of Tartar c. to which being strained may be added Syrupe of Roses solutive or compound Syrupe of Apples or Syrupe of Buckthorn Alteratives also may speak a great benefit in this stubborn Malady Alteratives made of Aperients and Antiscorbuticks made of th aperient roots of Dogs Grass wild Asparagus Scorzonera mixed with Antiscorbuticks viz. the tops of Pine and Firre Watercresses Chervil boiled in Water and Wine and being strained may be sweetened with Syrupe of the Five opening Roots or an Apozeme may be prepared with the Roots of Cuckowpintle Roots Petraselen Eryngium Winterbark the chips of Oranges or Limons Pine Firre c. boiled gently in Water put into a covered Vessel to which may be added at last some White-wine and it being strained may be sweetened with the Augustan Syrupe Also a Decoction of Roman Wormwood An Apozeme proper in the Scurvey and tops of Broom or an infusion of its Buds or Flowers made in Water and Wine and being strained and sweetened with Syrupe of Betony or the Five opening Roots may prove advantageous in opening the obstructions of the Viscera and defaecating the Blood Infusions of Antiscorbuticks in Water and Wine Infusions of Antiâ—corbutick Medicines made in a close Pipkin are very proper as preserving the volatil Salt of Pine Firr Chervil Ground-Pine Water-Germander Garden or Sea-Scurvey-grass Watercresses Brooklime Chips of Oranges Limons Citrons c. sweetened with simple Syrupe of Apples Brooklime Watercresses c. Infusions of Pine Firr Brooklime and of other temperate Antiscorbuticks may be prepared in Whey or Posset-drink as very good in hot constitutions to contemperate and refine the Blood Diureticks may be beneficial in this Disease as
discharging the saline parts of the Blood by Urine made of the roots of Cuckowpintle Diureticks proper in the Scurvey Horse-Radish of the Leaves of Garden-Cresses Chervil Sowes prepared in Water and Rhenish-wine The juyces of Scurvey-grass Anâ—iscorbutick Juyces Brooklime Water-cresses Chervil Garden-cresses Oranges Wood-sorrel because the last defaecate the Antiscorbutick Liquors some of which being depurated per residentiam may be taken in Ale Wine Posset-drink or Whey Or Expressions may be given with benefit made of Antiscorbuticks and of shavings of the Roots of Horse-radish Cuckow-pintle of the Leaves of Brooklime Watercresses Chervil Garden-cresses c. put into a Pipkin with White-wine or Rhenish Canary or Sherry c. and after a due infusion may be strained off and used Syrupes may be made of the Juyces of Brooklime Antiscorbutick Syrupes Water-cresses Chervil Garden-cresses Oranges depurated per residentiam and put into a Glass bottle close stopped and prepared B. M. with a due quantity of fine Sugar Distilled Waters may be prepared with the chips of Oranges Distilled Waters Limons Winterbark and with Leaves of Scurvey-grass Brooklime Water-cresses Chervil tops of Broom Garden-cresses Worms Snails Sows Nutmegs c. may be distilled in Milk Whey Mumm Sider to which may be added some White-wine in a Rose Still A Water may be prepared with Winterbark the Rind of Tamarisc the Chips of Oranges and Limons Roots of Horse-radish Cukowpintle c. In Winter when there are very few Green Herbs the Leaves of Garden and Sea Scorby-grass the tops of Broom Pine and Firr the middle Rind of Elder and Ash roots of Horse-radish Winterbark may be distilled in Ale Antiscorbutick Spirits Whey Milk Sider Mumm c. Spirits made of Scurvey-grass Water-cresses Horse-radish Cuckow-pintle Hartshorn Salt Armoniack succinated may be prepared and given in a few drops in some convenient Antiscorbutick distilled Water in Fainting Fits when the gross Blood is ready to stagnate in the chambers of the Heart or when it is highly dispirited in this Disease Ale or Wine medicated with chips of Oranges Limons and with the Leaves of Water-cresses Brooklime Pine Firr tops of Broom Coriander Seeds Nutmegs Sowes c. may be very advantageous in this Disease Or the roots of Docks Horse-radish Eryngium Medicatâ—d Ale good in Scurvey the Leaves of Agrimony Harts-tongue Chervil Garden-cresses chips of Oranges Limons Coriander Seed Nutmegs to which may be added the juyces of Oranges Brooklime Water-cresses Garden Scurvey-grass may be put into new Ale before it hath done working Testaceous Powders are also useful in this Malady made of Crabs Claws Testaceous Powders Crabs Eies Coral Pearl Egg-shels c. given in some Antiscorbutick Apozeme As also Powders prepared with Cuckowpintle and with the Leaves of Water-Germander Ground-pine Wood-lice Tartar c. may be given in some Antiscorbutick distilled water Electuaries are proper made of the Conserve of Water-cresses Brooklime Electuaries Wood-sorrel Fumitery to which may be added the Powder of Cuckow-pintle Wood-lice Salt of Prunell and Condited root of Eryngium Pills of Citron Oranges or Limons well pounded in a Mortar and Condited and made into the consistence of an Electuary with the Syrupe of the Five opening Roots drinking after every Dose of the Electuary a good draught of an Antiscorbutick Apozeme or distilled water mixed with some compound Horse-radish water Or an Electuary may be made of the Conserve of the Flowers or Fruit of Sweet-briar of the Leaves of Fumitery Wood-sorrel prepared with the Powders of Coral Crabs Eies Crabs Claws Pearl and made into the consistence of an Electuary with the Augustan Syrupe or that of Fumitery or Water-cresses drinking after it as above advised A Water made of Lime with Coriander-seeds Lime-water good in the Scurvey and other ingredients according to the common receipt may be of great use to open the obstructions of the Viscera and to refine the gross and depraved mass of Blood in scorbutick dispositions of Body Chalybeate Medicines as Powder of Steel prepared with Sulphur Chalybeat preparations or Syrupe of Steel prepared with its Salt or with crude Steel or the tincture of it prepared with Tartar may be given in some proper Antiscorbutick Apozemes or Distilled water and once in Four or Five days a draught of a gentle Purging Diet-drink or Pilulae tartareae Bontii or Quercetaâ—i or some proper Purging Powders or Bolus The purging Mineral Waters of Epsam or Dulige Barnet Northall Acton Purging Mineral Water Stratham c. As also the Mineral waters of Turnbridge Rotherfield Withiham Blackboys near Lewis c. which purge by Urine Diuretick Mineral Waters and open the obstructions of the Viscera and defaecate the mass of Blood from its acide saline and sulphureous Recrements the main causes of the Scurvey In reference to the Stomach bitter Medicines may be used Bitter Medicines are good for the Stomach in the Scurvey prepared with the roots of Gentian Centaury the less Wormwood Salendine the great Seeds of Carduus Citrons c. Elixir proprietatis may also be given in the Alexiterial Milk-water or in Hocumor Rhenish wine or in any Decoction made of bitter ingredients Fomentations made with Centaury the less Wormwood Fomentations for the Stomach Berries of Bays Juniper Seeds of Flax Faenugreek the Flowers of Chamaemel Melilote boiled in Water to which at last Wine or Brandy may be added do corroborate the Stomach and discharge flatulent Matter lodged in the Stomach and Guts Hepatick Medicines in obstructions of the Liver In reference to the obstructions of the Liver Turmerick Salendine the great the Rind of Berberies the Leaves of Agrimony Harts-tongue shavings of Ivory may be boiled in water adding some Wine at last and it being strained may be sweetened with Syrupe of the Five opening Roots In point of a difficult Breathing Medicines proper for an Asthma complicated with the Scurvey Pectorals may be administred prepared with the Leaves of Dogs-grass Asparagus and the Leaves of Ground-Ivy Hysop Pine Firr Wood-lice c. boiled in Water and Wine and sweetened with Syrupe of Ground-Ivy as also a Linctus may be made of Oxymel simplex Scibliticum Syrupe of Horehound Vinegar mixed with Powder of Wood-lice Liquorice and made into a Lambitive with the Syrupe of Maydenhair And above all in a Scorbutick Astma flowing from abundance of Blood accompanied with Phlegmatick or gross saline and sulphureous Recrements Purgatives and Bleeding may be advised In Cephalick Diseases comomplicated with Scorbutick disaffections flowing from acide saline and sulphureous Elements tainting the nervous Liquor Cephalicks Cephalick Medicines mixed with Antiscorbuticks are proper in the Scurvey Gargarismes are proper in Diseases of the Mouth mixed with Antiscorbuticks are very proper which do refine the Blood and Animal Liquor and reduce its Spirits to a laudable Constitution and corroborate the laxe Tone of the fibrous Compage relating to the Brain In disaffections of the Mouth Gums laxity of the Teeth abounding
with serous and saline Particles of Blood the Gums may be opened with a Lancet and Gargarismes administred made of Leaves of Woodbine Columbine Speedwel Water-cresses Scorby-grass the inward Rind of Elm or Elder boiled in Lime-water or fountain-Fountain-water to which some White-wine may be added at last and it being strained may be sweetened with Honey of Red Roses and Syrupe of Mulberies In the pains of the Limbs A Diet-drink good for the pains in the Limbs Decoctions of Sarza mixed with Antiscorbuticks may be given with good success As also a Decoction of Sarza in Water and being strained may be mixed with Milk and taken with great benefit Fomentations in this case made of Anodynes Fomentations Discutients mixed with Antiscorbuticks will appease the pain of the Limbs being outwardly applyed with Flannel CHAP. LXXVIII Of Osteology THe Body of Man being a fine Building The Body of Man of is made of fluid and solid parts is composed of more fluid and solid Materials the first being the Superstructure and the last the Foundation which giveth figure straightness and strength to this magnificent Pile of Building which is compleated by the Viscera as so many Elaboratories and Colatories of Liquors and immured within common Integuments of Membranes and Muscular parts as so many Engines affixed to variety of Bones the Centers of Motion Bones are the Centers of Motion and supporters of the Body and the Bases of the parts of the Body which else would be confused and useless were they not encompassed with and kept apart by numerous Bones as so many Preservatives and Intersepiments guarding and severing one part from another that every Member and Bowel may freely exert their Operations without the least discomposure or violation of each other So that some delicate Contextures of Parts being so many fine Vails do face this more solid Compage and others are immured within their hard Confines as secured within the safe Walls of a strong Castle The Bones are called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as keeping the Fabrick of the Body in an erect posture as Hipocrates hath most elegantly expressed it lib. De Ossium Natura 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Description of Bones toti corpori stabilitatem rectitudinem formam exhibent Whereupon Bones may admit this Description as being hard similar parts and most cold and dry and destitute of Sense giving strength and support to the whole Fabrick of Man's Body which is a system of many parts of which the Ambient are divers Coverings the most fine is the Cuticula conjoyned to the Cutis a Compage of many Fibrils united to the Adipose Membrane and this to the Common Membrane of the Muscles which are fastned to each other by the interposition of many small Ligaments and at last as to a common fulcrum all these Integuments as well as the Muscles of the middle Apartiment of the Back and the Pectora and Saw-like and Intercostal Muscles are affixed behind to the Chine and on the sides to the Ribs and before to the Sternon The outward Coverings of the Head consisting of Hair the Cuticula Cutis Membrana Carnosa and Periostium is conjoyned to the Skull without and the more inward Coverings of the Dura and Pia Menynx the fine Vails of the Brain are united to it by the mediation of Vessels and Fibrils and also to each other as well as to the Skull guarding the tender Compage of the inward parts of the highest Apartiment as with a natural Helmet The common Vests of the lowest Apartiment and the various Abdominal Muscles are supported by Bones to which they are fastned as Bases or Centers of Motion the universal Coverings are tied to the Abdominal Muscles by the interposition of Fibrils and these again either in their Originations or Insertions are conjoyned to Bones The Muscles are conjoynâ—â— to Bonâ—s as 〈◊〉 many Hypomoclia as so many Hypomoclia The oblique descendent Muscles take their rise from the four or five lower Ribs and are implanted into the Margent of the Os Ilium The oblique Ascendent Muscles take their Origen near the Bone where the other do terminate and are inserted into the inside of the lowest Rib. The transverse Muscles are fastned to the Spine Os Ilium and lowest Rib and the right Muscles above to the Sword-like Cartilage and below to the Share-bone The Rim of the Belly to which the Caul is conjoyned by many Ligaments is affixed below to the Os Ilium and Share-bone and the Liver Spleen Kidneys and Intestines are fastned to the inside of the Chine by the mediation of great Trunks of Arteries and Veins The Viscera of the middle Apartiment are also conjoyned to Bones as their great Fulcrum The Midriff is connected to the Ribs and the Heart and Lungs in their Origens to the inside of the Spine by the interposition of the Vena Cava and Arteria Magna And the common Coats of the Limbs are affixed by Ligaments to each other and to the Muscles which are implanted into various Bones as the Centers of Motion so that the bony Compage is highly significant to the Body as it hath it's various parts either immediately or ultimately affixed to Bones giving stability straightness and form to the whole Body The Bones in their first entity The origination of Bones in solutis principiis are a fluid Body and borrow their origination from the Tartar of the Genital Liquor as consisting of most earthy and some saline Particles which do coagulate the gross viscid parts of the Seminal Juice first into a membranous substance as near akin to a soft liquid body and afterward by the accession of new earthy saline Particles passing through the termination of the Arteries implanted into a membranous substance the rudiments of Bones whereby the more soft Matter is turned into a grisly body and at last by a source of new Tartar flowing out of the Extremities of the Blood-vessels the Cartilaginous substance arriveth a greater maturity and by degrees is concreted into perfect Bone Bones are framed of heterogeneous parts Bones are framed of various parts of which the outward are more solid and white being adorned with a hard smooth Surface as if it were polished by Art and its more hard Particles are made up of many thin Laminae as I most humbly conceive which are produced by many saline accretions one succeeding another according to the new accession of Matter turned into Bone The more inward recesses of Bone are more spungy and black The Cells of Bones are receptive of oily Particles commonly called Marâ—ow often attended with many little Cells of various figures and sizes receptive of fat Particles which are the product of the oyly parts of the Blood destilling out of the terminations of the Arteries concreted into a Medullary substance which is also lodged in large round Cavities of large Bones encircled with a thin Membrane And farthermore Marrow proceeds from the oily
a Lancet or with Leeches Millepedes bruised alive may be infused in some pectoral Decoction or Simple Waters to which may be added when strained some proper cephalick compound Waters with some double refined Sugar two or three drops of Tincture of Sulphur or Lac of Sulphur may be used in some convenient Liquor I have given a History of divers kinds of Coughs and their Cures as making way for a Consumption as an inveterate Cough which often degenerates into it when it is so far aggravated that the native Compage of the Blood is loosened by reason not only the serous Recrements but the Chyme nervous Liquor and Lympha are transmitted through the pores of the Membranous frame of the Bronchia and their appendages into their Concave spaces whereupon the vesicles of the Lungs grow so tumefied that their fine party-Walls are broken and one common vesicle is made of many running into one wherein a quantity of divers sorts of Recrements are accumulated whence ariseth a great Effervescence derived from superfluous Fermentations Liquors of a contrary Ingeny as endued with heterogeneous Elements whereupon they being stagnant in the spaces of the Vesicles do often ferment and putrefy and by corroding the tender membranous composition of the Lungs do generate First a deep Cough and then a Consumption so that the mass of Blood transmitted through the Lungs is tainted and made unfit for nutrition In reference to the cure of this Tabide distemper The First Indication in the cure of a Consumption Three Indications do occurr The First is to rectify the laxe body of Blood to keep it from throwing its chymous and serous Faeces in the bosom of the Bronchia and Vesicles As also by correcting the Acidity of the vital Liquor by sweetening Medicines The Second Indication to help the expectoration of gross and sharp Recrements by specifick Pectorals The Second Indication The Third Indication is to make good the dissolved union The Third Indication or continuation of parts by healing strengthening and drying Medicines The First Indication may be chiefly satisfied in Aliment of an easy Concoction that the milky extract elaborated first in the Stomach and afterward conveyed by the Thoracick Ducts into the subclavian Vessels may be assimilated into the Blood without making great superfluities which are causes of great Defluxions Coughs and Consumptions and that the Aliment may be composed of sweet and mild parts which may be easily separated from the more gross as being for the most part Homogeneous may be turned into Blood without any high or unkindly Effervescence Flesh not good in weak Tabide Bodies whereupon Asses Cows or Goats-milk Water-gruel Barley-gruel Barley Cream Panada and Aliment prepared with Almonds as not consisting of many Heterogeneous Elements are easy of digestion but a Diet of several kinds of fat Flesh is hard to be concocted and nourisheth less in a weak Consumptive Body by reason when the alimentary Liquor is strong and gross it cannot be turned into good Blood and being Fermentative as made up of many disagreeing Particles doth make an ill Fermentation of the Blood so that crude Chyme extracted out of Meat hard of digestion doth not feed the Body but the Disease Secondly By reason the Tone of the Blood being loose tâ—is apt to be dissolved into many sero us recrements whereupon it is very agreeable to reason that Medicines sweetening the Blood should be exhibited as vulnerary Apozemes mixed with pectorals which take off the acidity of the blood when Medicines prepared with Sulphur are added to them which are to be freely used if a Hectick Fever be absent Decoctions also made with roots of China Restorative Medicines are beneficial in a Pthisis Sarza-parilla prepared with Ground-Ivy Maidenhair Raisons of the Sun c. may be freely taken for common Drinks in Tabide Bodies Thirdly In the beginning of a Consumption Bleeding gentle Purgâ—tives and Diureticks c. are good The First Indication in the beginning of a Consumption may be satisfied by lessening the exuberant superfluities of the Blood by Bleeding gentle Purgatives and Diureticks warm Baths Fontanels Blistering Plaisters Shaving of the Head Cephalick Plaisters gentle Sternutatories and Medicines evacuating serous Recrements out of the Oral Glands by the Excretory Ducts of the Mouth and Tongue The Second Indication in the rise of a Consumption is satisfied by Medicines assisting Expectoration which discharge by coughing the gross Chyme commonly called Phlegme and acide watry superfluities of the Blood lodged in the Bronchia and adjacent Cells upon this account Medicines taken into the Mouth may distil down the sides of the Wind-pipe and impart their opening Attenuating Inciding and detergent Medicines are advantageous in Coughs and Consumptions arising out of a gross viscide lentous Matter inciding and detergent Particles to the gross Phlegme and do open incide and relaxe their gross clammy Body and render them fit for Excretion and by irritating the nervous and fleshy Fibres of the Air-vessels do procure the expulsion of Recrements setled in the spungy Compage of the Lungs As to the First Indication in the beginning of a Consumption fetched from Acide Recrements apt to corrode the Bronchia and Sinus in which they are lodged Testaceous Powders may be given consisting of Pearl Egg-shells Crabs Claws or Eies Coral c. drinking after every Dose a draught of Milk-water made of Ground-Ivy Hysop Pine and Firr Nutmegs c. sweetened with Sugar-Candy which do take off the Acidity of the vital Liquor Drops of tincture of Sulphur and Oil and Milk of Sulphur may be used often in a draught of a pectoral Decoction which do countermand the acide saline parts of the Blood In relation to the crude Chyme or Phlegme Oxymels are proper in a Consumption and pectoral Decoctions distilling into the Cavities of the Air-pipes and Cells all sorts of Oxymels may be given either by themselves or mixed with Syrup of Hysop Horehound Ground-Ivy prepared with some few grains of Gum Ammoniack Pectoral Decoctions are good made of some of the Five opening Roots or Enula-Campane shavings of Ivory the Leaves of Ground-Ivy Hysop c. strained and sweetened with Syrup of Maiden-hair Hysop or Sugar-Candy Medicines made of Garlick either by Decoction or in Syrup or Condited mixed with other mild Pectorals are very beneficial to help Expectoration if a Consumption be not attended with a slow or Hectick Fever which doth Indicate cooling Emulsions c. made with the cooling Seeds and Almonds sweetened with Sugar-Candy as also Milk-waters made with temperate Pectorals to which may be added in a small quantity Magistral Snail-water mingled with prepared Pearl and Sugar-Candy The Third Indication in a Consumption may be satisfied with cleansing The Third Indication of a Consumption is satisfied with cleansing drying and consolidating Medicines drying and consolidating Medicines as vulnerary Decoctions prepared with Pectorals As also Conserve of Roses Flower of Brimstone and some few drops of the