either of them is good for the heat and redness of the Eyes and to dry up the Rheums and watering of them Lask Spitting of blood Heart Stomach Liver Retentive-faculties pains of heat Inflamations Sleep Rest Womens Courses Gonorrhaea Fluxes Heat and redness of the eyes Rheumes and watering Of the red Roses are made several Compositions as Electuary of Roses Conserve Sugar of Roses Syrup of dryed Roses and honey of Roses The Cordial powder called Diarrhodon Abbatis and Aromaticum rosatum The distilled water of Roses Vinegar of Roses oyntment and oyle of Roses and the Rose-leaves dryed The Electuary is purging whereof two or three drams may be taken for one of a weak constitution but six drams for stronger bodies This purgeth Choler and is good in hot Feavers in pains of the head arising from hot and Cholerick humors and heat in the Eyes The Jaundies also and Joynt-Aches proceeding from hot humours The moist Conserve is both binding and Cordial some of the younger Conserve taken with Mithridate is good for those that are troubled with Rheums and defluxions of Rheums into the eyes And for Fluxes and Lasks of the Belly and being mixed with some powder of Mastich it is good for the running of the Reins Choler hot feavers heat in the eyes Jaundies Joint-aches rheums Defluxions Eyes Lasks Running of the Reins and for looseness of humours in the Body The old Conserve mixed with Diarrhodon Abbatis or Aromaticum rosarum is a very good Cordial against Faintings Swoonings and weakness and tremblings of the heart it strengtheneth also both them nd a weak Stomach Faintings Swoonings Trembling of the heart Weak Stomach helpeth digestion stayeth Casting and is a very good preservative in time of Infection Digestion Casting Infection The Sugar of Roses is a very good Cordial to strengthen the heart and Spirits as also to stay defluxions The Syrup of dryed red Roses strengtheneth a relaxed stomach given to Casting cooleth an over-heated Liver relaxed Stomach-Casting Liver-heated and the blood in Agues comforteth the heart and resisteth putrefaction and Infection and helpeth to stay Lasks and Fluxes Agues Infection Lasks and Fluxes honey of Roses is much used in gargles and Lotions to wash sores either in the mouth throat or other parts both to cleanse and heal them and stay the Fluxes of humours falling upon them hindring their healing It is used also in Glisters to cool and cleanse The Cordial powders called Diarrhodon Abbatis and Aromaticum rosarum doth comfort and strengthen the heart and stomach causeth an Appetite helpeth digestion stayeth vomiting and is good for those that have slippery bowels to strengthen and confirm them Red Rose-water is cooling and Cordial and of better use than Damask Rose-water it refresheth and quickneth faint and weak Spirits Mouth Throat Fluxes of humours strengthens the heart and Stomach Appetite Vomiting Bowels Faint weak Spirits either used in meats or broaths to wash the temples or to smell to at the nose or else by the sweet vapours thereof out of a perfuming-pot or cast on a hot fire-shovel It is also of much use against the redness and Inflamations of the eyes to bathe them therewith and the Temples of the head against pains and ach thereof Vinegar of Roses is of much use for the same purposes and to procure rest and sleep Inflamations of the eyes Head-ach Rest and sleep if the nose and temples be moistned therewith but rather if a peece of red rose Cake made fit for the purpose be moistned thereon and heated between a double-folded cloth with a little beaten nutmeg and poppy-seed strewed on that side shall lie next the forehead and temples and so bound thereto for all night The oyntment of Roses is much used against heat and inflamations in the head to anoynt the forehead and temples and being mixed with some Populeon to procure rest It is also used for heat of the Liver Back and Reins to cool Inflamations pushes wheals or other red pimples Heat and Inflamations in the head Heat of the Liver Back Reins pushes wheals Pimples rising in the Back and other parts Oyl of roses is also used by it self for the same purposes and is likewise put into many Compositions both oyntments and plaisters to cool and bind and restrain the flux of humours The dryed leaves of the red roses are cooling binding and cordial Rose-leaves and Mynts heated and applyed outwardly to the stomach stayeth vomiting and strengtheneth a weak stomach Vomiting weak stomach very much And applyed as an Epitheme or fomentation to the Region of the Liver and heart Liver and heart doth much cool and temper the distemperature in them Of the Damask roses are not made so many medicines and Compositions but onely the Conserve and Preserve the Syrup and honey of those roses both which are called solutive the water and the distilled oyl or spirit which serveth more for outward perfumes than inward physick the Syrup of Damask-Roses is both simple and Compound and made with Agarick the simple solutive Syrup is a familiar safe and gentle easie medicine purging Choler taken from one ounce to three or four The Syrup of roses with Agarick is more strong and effectual in working than the simple Syrup and worketh asmuch on phlegm as Choler The compound Syrup is more forceable in working on melancholy humours and available against the Leprosie Itch Tetters and the French disease Honey of roses solutive is made of the same Infusion that the Syrup is made of and worketh the same effect in opening and purging but because the honey is not so convenient to be given to hot and Aguish bodies it is oftner given to phlegmatick than Cholerick persons and is more used in Glisters than potions as the Syrup made with sugar is The Conserve and Preserved leaves of these roses are operative to the same effect in gently opening the belly the dryed Damask rose leaves powdered and drunk in Whay gently purgeth The Musk Roses both single and double do purge more forceably than the Damask and the single is held more forceable than the double the wild roses are few or none of them used in physick but are generally held to come near to the nature of the manured roses both in the earthy and binding quality Pliny lib. 8. Cap. 4. saith that the root of the wild-Rose is singular good to cure the biting of a mad dog the fruit of the wild Bryar which are called Heppes and in some Countreys Canker-berries being thorow-ripe and made into a Conserve doth gently bind the belly and is very pleasant to the taste and stayeth defluxions Bind the belly Defluxions from the head upon the stomach and dryeth up the moisture thereof and helpeth digestion the pulp of the Heppes dryed into an hard consistence like to the juice of Liquorish or so dryed that it may be made into powder and taken in drink stayeth speedily the Whites in women the
Disease and so may either be said to Preserve or Cure therefore you are to adminster them before evacuating Medicines for a Cordial take this for an example made of one scruple of Mithridate half a dram of London-Treacle or that called Diatessaron one ounce of Syrup of Lemons three ounces Of Plantane or rose-Rose-water and six drops of Spirit of Viâ—riol for one dose about three hours after give an other dose Or this following Take of Confectio Alchermes burnt Harts-horn of each two scruples syrup of Lemons one ounce as much spirit of Vitriol as will give it a sharp taste after this first administer a Suppositer or Glister of which you have several examples before then after they have done working let him blood plentifully if he be of a strong and gross body as you see occasion his dyet is to be but thin broth water-grewel ponadoes or such like two or three dayes together for purges give him about a scruple of Mercurius dulcis or else this Take six drams or an ounce of Lenitive Electuary two scruples of the Cream of Tarter and one scruple of Confectio Alchermes with Sugar make it into a boll for a dose if it should be convenient to give them a Vomit then give him six drams one ounce or ten drams more or less as you see occasion of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum if sweating be to be procured give him from a scruple to half a dram of Antimonium Di afreticum in a little London or Venice Treacle or Mithridate if he want rest give him from two grains to four of Laudanum Opiatum or else Syrup of wild Poppy six drams of Frogs-spawn and poppy-water of each one ounce and a half with three drams of Treacle make a potion and give the Patient at night to cause him to rest let his ordinary drink be either a decoction of Barley with Liquorish or else this following Take three quarts of fountain-fountain-water put an ounce of Harts-horn burnt and prepared into it let it boyl to the consumption of the third part then take it from the fire and put to it four ounces of rose-Rose-water two ounces of syrup of Lemons as much Sugar as will serve to sweeten it and as much spâ—rit of Vitriol as will make it sharp this is an excellent drink in all feavors and for all sorts of persons Remember too much purging bleeding and thin dyet is dangerous in all diseases at Sea and will bring your Patient into the Scurvy which is usually the end of most diseases at Sea and then if your Patient be too much weakned the Scurvy discharging it self by a flux is often mortal If you shall have occasion to be concerned with Armies by Land or in Garrisons there will sometimes a continual malign and contagious Fever called the Camp-Disease seize upon the Souldiers which will be seconded by a great pain in the head and his stomach will be clogged with many foul humours sometimes there will follow swooning and often faintings the Patient grows very weak without manifest cause his pulse will be sometimes weak but quick and sometimes strong there will appear oftentimes many large spots of several colours he complains of a pain in his stomach and joints little or no appetite oft-times troubled with vomiting and sometimes difficulty of breathing and singing in the ears all which proceeds from putrefaction or corruption of the humours in the veins or from contagion the corruption or putrefaction of the humours comes from ill dyet ill vapours arising from the earth corrupted naughty air dirty foul apparrel and such like for the cure if there be an inclination to vomit which you may perceive by pain and fulness of the stomach then provoke it with this made of six drams of the infusion of the glass of Antimony two ounces of Barly-water Oxymel of squils and syrup of the 5 opening-Roots of each six drams mix it and give the Patient The manner of infusing your Antimony is this Take two drams of the glass of Antimony put it into a pint of white-wine Cloves and Ginger of each one dram infuse all these together when you have occasion administer it from two drams to an ounce after that you have used all the wine you may put more to the ingredients adding to them the same quantity of fresh ingredients as before after you may bleed if the Patient be not very weak or if you see your Patient of a strong constitution you may begin with blood-letting not forgetting glysters or suppositories with cordials made of the Carduus benedictus Scabious Sorrel Angelica-waters with Venice or London Treacle and burnt Harts-horn Mithridate Dioscordium confection of Alchermes bezoar root of contrayervae as for example Take of the wild Poppies and sorrel-Sorrel-water of each one ounce and a half London Treacle and burnt Harts-horn of each two scruples one scruple of Mithridate one dram of Dioscordium and three drams of treacle-Treacle-water with some syrup of Lemons and as many drops of the spirit of Vitriol as will give it a sharp taste make a potion and give it at one dose or take two scruples of Dioscordium and one scruple of burnt Harts-horn mix them and dissolve them in Mace-ale a little Sack or in Beer and Ale wherein Harts-horn and Marigold flowers have been boyled to cause him to sleep Take syrup of Dioscordium and syrup of wild-poppies of each half an ounce of Angelica and wild-poppy-wild-poppy-water of each one ounce and an half and a dram of Diascordium mix them and give it going to sleep Take notice that Cordials are to be given often For purges they must be somewhat strong as one dram of Pulvis astrictionis one ounce of syrup of Roses solutive Diaphrenicon Electuarii three drams dissolve all in three ounces of endive-Endive-water For bleeding in this Disease if the veins be full and stretching out and be burthensom to nature let it then be plentiful for the blood is corrupted in all putrid Feavers it is very safe to let blood which may be done til the fourth day and if your occasion require till the seventh day though spots appear As for vomiting that removes nauseousness pain bitterness and sadness by freeing the stomach from the abundance of naughty humors Vesicatories or blisters may be good applyed to the wrists any time but on a Critical day The form of a blister-plaister may be this Take half an ounce of Cantharides call'd Spanish-flies two drams of Turpentine Olibanum Myrrhe Mastick and Camphire of each half a dram oyl of Roses and Bees-wax as much as will be sufficient to make it to the consistence of a Plaister The Patient is to keep a spare dyet not to eat any flesh but brothes wherein is boyled the shavings of Harts-horn the opening roots with Sorrel and Borrage and Panadoes water-grewel c. And posset-drink with Harts-horn boyld in it dropping a little spirit of Vitriol into it and burnt Harts-horn boild in the Calenture is good to which you may add the syrup
seventh or ninth some think it may be prolonged till the fourteenth day but the sooner the better The Instruments for this purpose first are Raspatories the next is the Trepan or Trasin in the use of which when you are come to the second table take out the Pin and moisten the Trafine with oyl and cold water then wipe away the blood to see if it be cut equal when it begins to shake lift it up with a levatory then smooth it with a Scalper the Gimlet or Terebra serves to raise the depressed part first making way in the skul with the pin of the Trafin after screw it in and draw up the depression the Head-sawe is used either to give vent in fractures or to take off some ragged peece of the skul While you are using the Trafine you are to stop the Patients ear close with cottons having a good fire by you all the while his head being held firmly After you have done your work apply a peece of Sarsenet or Taffety dipped in honey of Roses or oyl of Roses Spirit of wine conveying it betwixt the membrane called dura mater and the skul then fill the whole wound with Arceus his Liniment or else with this medicine Take one ounce of Turpentine wash'd in Sage or betony-Betony-water one ounce and half of oyl of Roses two ounces of the oyl of yolks of eggs Gum-elemy and Mastich dissolved over a gentle fire in the aforesaid oyls of each half an ounce Saffron in powder one scruple the yolks of two eggs make of them an oyntment upon them apply Emplast de Janua Gratia Dei or the Betony-plaister you may use the honey of Roses and Spirit of wine till the seventh day after dressing anoynt the parts adjoyning with oyl of Roses and in the neck where the veins of the throat are whereby pain is asswaged and heat of bloud mitigated if there happen flux of bloud in applying the Trafin use some of the astringent powders beforementioned If you have a simple fracture called a fissure if it be apparent it is either to or through the second table which are to be enlarged or widened as far as they will go with a Raspatory leaving a way for the matter and bloud in the depending part That which is not apparent if you cannot find it by the Patients holding his breath or a multiplying glass apply Ink to the respective part if it leave any print the next day being made clean then follow it as far as it goes with the abovenamed Instrument afterwards dress it as after Trafining If you meet with a fracture in the skul called Sedes or seat which is when the weapon so falls upon the skul that the fracture retaining the print thereof is neither stretched forth nor contracted thereby if this pass through both the tables and the membrans not hurt by any splinter the matter may be made to be discharged dressing it as before will suffice But if the membran called dura mater be offended or the passage be too narrow to discharge the matter remove what offends and enlarge the other with the Raspatory For a Contusion or Bruise on the skul if it shall be so great that the skin be separated from the skul you shall make Incision whereby the bloud may be emptied and so by depressing of the part and drying medicines with Emplastrum Opodoldock may be perfectly cured The Fracture called depression hath the shivers either quite separated or cleaving to the rest or both if the last happen remove the loose shivers and with a levatory raise the rest after dress it with honey of Roses and Spirit of wine and if the levatory fail you use the Trafine as near the fracture as you can When you shall happen to see the skul pulled upward leaving a cavity beneath like a vault if it go only to the second table smooth the skul and cure the wound as before according to art if it pass through the second table open the skul with the Trafine in the depending part then cure it according to art When the part of the skul wounded is altogether separated from the whole which is double First when the first table is parted from the second and cleaves to the Masculous skin then take it away and cure the wound either by medicines that close the lips of the wounds and bring them to perfect union such as before mentioned or the powders of the roots of Lung-wort Tormentil Cinquefoyl leavs of hounds tongue Karrow Vervin Mouse-ear Sanicle Scabious Myrrhe Frankincense Aloes c. Or such medicines which procure the generation of flesh wanting in any wound such as Frankincense Turpentine Pitch Aloes myrrhe Burnt Lead Cerus which may be most fit remember you must use no unctuous or oily medicines to the bones The second is when a portion of the whole skul is divided so that the dura mater is seen this is to be put in its proper place and there kept by bringing the brims of the wound together with as many strong and deep stitches as suffice first washing the wound well with wine or Spirit of wine Sometimes the skul is broken in the part near or opposite to that which received the blow as if the right side be struck the left is cloven if it be nigh the wound the sides of the wound near the fracture will not cicatrize although the other doth there will slow a thin waterish matter more than the wound can seem to afford rhe flesh near to the part is spongy you may find the skin separated from the skul with your Probe and you will perceive some swelling above the fracture if it be opposite it is either in the opposite part or when the second table being broken the other is whole These are hard to find but by conjecture or these signs If the Patient vomit choler have a Feaver with other symptoms belonging to a fracture the Patient will put his hands to it often if there appear a Swelling there is assuredly a fracture if no swelling appear in the opposite part shave it and apply this viz. Take Ship-puchand wax of each three ounces one ounce of Turpentine Mastick and Powder of Orrice-root of each two drams make a Plaister of them spread it upon leather and being applyed let it lie twenty four hours if after you have taken it away the flesh appear in any place more moist soft and swelled then the rest its probable the fracture is there In these fractures the skul must be opened with the Trafine and cured according to art if such Patients die the Chirurgeon is not to be blamed The skul being broken without a wound if in children having shaven the head apply oyl of Roses the white of an egg and a little vinegar apply it cold in Summer but warm in winter with a cloath four double let it lie for twenty four hours afterwards till the eleventh day apply this Take of red Roses and Myrtle berries of each
two ounces Barley and Bean-flower of each one ounce Wormwood and Bettony of each half an ounce two drams of Commin-seeds powdered Boyl them all in a pinte of Red-wine to the thickness of a Pultis according to art then add oyl of Roses and Oyl of Camomile of each one ounce and two ounces of honey being mixt it is to be applyed morning and evening or Paracelsus plaister hath been applyed with good success but from the eleventh to the twentieth day apply this following plaister Take twelve ounces of fresh Porks greese of sweet oyl and red lead of each twenty ounces Calcit is burnt but not till it be red burnt Allum of each two ounces four ounces of Deer-suet Mastich and Olibanum finely powdered of each two ounces of these make a plaister according to art before you use it you must moisten it with oyl of Lillies then make use of Paracelsus his stiptik-plaister moistened in Oyl of Camomile to the end of the cure If there be a wound with the fracture in children dress it with a feather dipt in Arceus his Linement not taking away any part of the skul unles there be either a feaver Convulsion a vomiting or a Palsey then open as before and dress it according to art In older persons if in Summer make a Pultis called a Cataplasm of Barley-meal vinegar water apply it If it be in winter make it with wine adding thereto powder of Roses Mastich Myrtle-berries and oyl of Roses administring to the Patient this purge Take of the Electuary called Cariocostinum and of the Electuary of the juice of Roses of each one dram Syrrup of Chichory with Rhubarb one ounce with three ounces of the distilled water of Endive make thereof a Potion letting him bloud before and as often afterwards as you shall see it necessary and having given him a glyster or glysters or Suppositories as you thought good drop some Oyl of sweet Almonds into his ears and nose about the fourth day make him some Gargarisms made of the flowers of Rosemary and Roses Violets Cinamon and the like boyled in Barley-water to which you must add honey of Roses or honey and White-wine-vinegar and water boyled together called Oxymel simplex the seventh day use the same plaister you applyed to children from the eleventh to the twentieth day moistned with oyl of Roses but if you see any appearance of dangerous symptoms after the seventh day open the skul and cure it according to art For wounds of the brain and the other Membrans prevent what possible you can the entrance of the air for the first seven days use oyl of Roses and Turpentine Honey of Roses of each one ounce Aqua-vitae two ounces but honey of Roses and Spirit of wine are to be compared to none upon all which apply Paracelsus plaister When there is a moving of the brain from its natural place by reason of violent external causes such as blows falls from a high place and the Patient be astonished vomit and at length fall a Raving sometimes it is more gentle wherein no vessels are broken sometimes more violent wherein the vessels are broken and the brains shaken then follows speechlesness bleeding at the nose and ears vomiting the matter putrifying a feaver follows First begin the Cure in letting the Patient blood in the arm or the veinunder the tongue give him often cooling glysters such as before were mentioned if occasion be gently purge him then shave the head and anoynt it twice a day with oyl of Roses after apply this Pultis warm Take of Barley-meal three ounces powder of Bettony and Roses of each half an ounce Boyl them with the decoction of Bettony and a little rose-Rose-water to the form of a Pultis adding towards the end half an ounce of oyl of Roses yolks of two eggs mix them and so apply it if there be a wound use this following Oyntment Take new wax and Collollony of each one ounce Gum-Elemie Venus Turpentine of each half an ounce Oyl of Earth-worms Sweet Almonds and the yolks of eggs and of Roses of each two drams Saffron one dram mix it and therewith make an Oyntment if with two ounces of this you shall mix the yolk of one egg it will afford more ease to the Patient If there shall happen to grow a Tumor called a Mushroom from its likeness to the thing so called which is sometimes hard without bloud almost sensless sometimes it will be soft and tender and it will smell noisome being narrow beneath and broad above sometimes increased to the bigness of a Hens egg caused from a thick melancholy blood springing from the broken vessels as before and will partake of the nature of the part to which it grows which will prove dangerous if it happens from the flowing of vicious humours from the brain In the beginning of the cure use such glysters as this every day afterwards every third day take the roots and leaves of Marsh-mallows Mallows the herb Mercury flowers of Camomile Myrtle-flowers and leaves of Bettony of each half a handfull Linseed and Fenugreek Anniseeds of each half an ounce Boyl them in Spring or running-running-water till the third part be boyled away Strain it to one pinte of the straining add Benedict laxativum and Hiera picra compound of each three drams the yolk of one egg oyl of Camomile two ounces common salt one dram mix them and make a glyster use the following fomentation twice a day Take of the leaves and flowers of Bettony Sage Camomile Mellilot Roses tops of Sweet Margerum and Rosemary of each one handfull Anniseeds and Fenugreek of each one ounce cut them and bruise them then take as many of them as will fill a Bag which may cover almost half the head let it be quilted then boyl it in equal parts of Red wine and water and apply it hot Then cleanse the head with hot Linnen which done be sprinkle the Mushroom or fungus and the wound with this following powder Take of the root of Avens Angelica sweet-smelling or Aromatical Reed of each half a dram of the root of round Birthwort Orrice and Lignum-vitae of each two drams flowers of Sage tops of Sweet margerum and Rosemary of each one pugil i. e. as much as you can take up betwixt your thumb and the two fore-fingers make all of them into a powder and use it as is before directed upon which apply the Basilick plaister the Receipt is as follows Take four ounces of the Bettony-plaister Gum-elemy dissolved in one ounce of Oyl of Roses Powder of Red Roses and Myrtles of each one dram Mastick Sweet-smelling or Aromatical Reed Angelica Avens or Herb-Bennet of each half a dram as much wax as will serve to make it into a plaister But if it be grown to such a bigness as a Hens egg bind it with silk 〈◊〉 â—he root very fast and when it is fallen off use the former powders for a Swelling coming from wind use the same method Wounds of the
eye-lids if they be made overthwart-ways are to be stitched up and this following powder strewed upon them which hath a virtue to heal them speedily Take of Bolearmonack and sealed earth called terra sigillata of each two drams of Dragons bloud called sanguis Draconis and Sarcocol of each one dram mix them for your use or else use Arceus's Liniment or artificial Balsom Purging and bleeding must not be forgot if the wound be great wounds of the eyes are carefully to be handled if the eye and eye-lid be both wounded keep them from growing together and apply defensatives to the forehead and temples to hinder Inflamations and pain and so dress it with oyl of St. Johns wort compound Arceus's Liniment and the like with Paracelsus his plaister over the eye-lids But to cleanse the eyes from any filth use this medicine following Take Syrrup of dryed Roses one ounce the waters of Fennel and Rue of each two drams Aloes wash'd Olibanum the gum of each half an ounce mix them for your use or this Take one ounce of Barley-water three drams of clarified honey Aloes well wash'd in plantane-Plantane-water and Sugar Candy of each half an ounce mix them for use also this ensuing is good Take of the pulp called Muscilages of Olibanum Gum-Arabick Gum-dragant and Sarcocol of each three drams the pulp or muscilages must be drawn in Barley-water one dram of Aloes being thrice washed in rose-Rose-water Cerus wash'd and prepared Tutty of each half a dram mix them for your use you may if you find occasion make use of Rhasis his white troches called Trochisci albi Rhasis cum vel sine Opio being made with or without Opium likewise at any time you may use those Troches dissolved in Plantane or Barly-water instead of Breast-milk Wounds in the Ears if altogether cut off are cured by applying the Powders of Gentian Orrice Dittany Aloes myrrhe Mastich Barley-flower Sarcocol of each equal quantities and the oyntment of red Lead laying over them Paracelsus plaister if they be divided and must be stitched take hold of the skin onely and dress them with Arceus his Linement if the division be but small then you may use the dry stitch to keep them joyned together the dry stitch is when peeces of cloath are dipt in such and the like glutinating oyntments Take Mastich Myrrhe Dragons bloud powder of Red Roses Gum-Dragon of each two drams powder them all very finely that done put to them the white of an egg and as much Rose-water as will make them of a glewy substance standing so all night The next day if the medicine be too thick put more Rose-water and Plantane-water to make it of a fit thickness the peeces of cloath are to be indented and applyed on each side the wound four hours before you stitch them this is done without pain and therefore may be used where-ever you can without stitching or needles Wounds in the nose if in the soft part only may be cured by dry stitch as before observing the same method if in the hard part it is either the bone or gristle otherwise called Cartilage if in the former broken restore it by putting up some Instrument or fit stick wrapt about with a soft linnen rag then with Pledgets dipt in this astringent medicine made of the white of an egg Boll Armanack and Dragons bloud applyed to the sides of the nose you shall endeavour to confirm the restored bones then put up small Pipes into the nostrils not exactly round but something flattish put them not up too high so fasten them with strings to a Cap lest they fall out by this means the bones will be kept in their place and you will make a passage both for the matter and breathing Remember the wound is to be brought together either by dry stitch or needle and Bol Armanack Mastich Dragons bloud Burnt-Allum mixt with the white of an egg is to be applyed using convenient binding which may not press the bones too much lest the nose become flat If in the gristle or Cartilage in stitching take hold only of the skin and to prevent the growing of proud flesh within use tents according to art In wounds of the Cheeks use the dry stitch with the aforesaid medicines The other manner of using the dry stitch is thus having spread the glutinative oyntment or Plaister set down before in wounds of the ears upon peeces of strong cloath or the cloath dipt in the glutinating oyntment apply on each side of the wound one peece of the same a singers breadth distance asunder or so let it ly on till it be well dryed to the skin then draw the edges of the cloaths together with your needle and thred and the flesh will follow and so come to joyn together If the wound be large use two or three needles as in manner of curing the Hair-lip shall presently be shown which you may fortifie with the dry stitch i. e. use the dry stitch upon the other Wounds of the lips are to be cured as other common wounds if they pierce not through but if they do they are to be cured as in the hair lip which is done by piercing through the lips of the wound with a needle or two if occasion be putting a thin piece of lead on both sides Lastly snip off the ends of the needle and cast the silk about the ends thereof as Taylors do when they fasten them to the skirt or sleeves this must be done in the middle but at the ends an ordinary stitch will serve especially in children the wound is to be dressed with Arceus his Linement if the inward part of the lips be wounded as happens by falls and the like then use within Honey of Roses Syrrup of dryed Roses c. Wounds of the tongue happen several manner of ways as by falls when it is bitten by the teeth c. If the wound of the tongue be great and deep then you must stitch it deep to hold it the stronger and surer cutting the thread close to the knot Then make use of this gargle called a Gargarism following Take of the leaves and flowers of Privet Plantane-leaves and red-Rose leaves of each one handful of the rindes and flowers of Pomgranates of each half an ounce boyl them in a quart of Smiths water or water wherein Gads of Steel have been often quenched let them boyl till the third part thereof be consumed then strain them and dissolve in the liquor two drams of Acacia or the juice of Sloes and two ounces of the syrrup of dryed Roses with which let the Patients often wash their tongues Moreover you must have and hold constantly almost in your mouth either Marmolet of Quinces preserved Cherries Rasberries or the syrrup of dryed Roses or syrrup of Quinces The Patient is to feed on liquid things as broath Almond-milks c. Or a Poatch'd egg at most c. Now the manner of stitching up wounds of the tongue whether long-ways or athwart when
any happens to come under your hands is this Let the Mate Assistant or some other body hold the tongue very firmly in his hand with a soft Linnen cloath lest it should slip from between his fingers whilst the other stitch it together which when he hath done let him cut off the thread as near the knot as he can lest it be tangled by the teeth as he eats or otherwise and so put the Patient to pain by pulling and tearing the stitches wherewith the part was sewed The parts of the neck which happen to be wounded are the Wind-pipe and Gullet veins of the throat called the jugular veins sleepy arteries called also the soporal arteries and the recurrent Nerves A transverse or overthwart wound of the Trachea Arteria called the Wind-pipe is dangerous by reason of a feaver Gangreen or often following thereon If the wound be between the rings it is cureable if holding a Candle before it whilst the Patient speaks it be either blown out or moved then it is wounded quite through if not stitch it up as neatly as you can dressing it with Arceus's Linement and Oyl of St. Johns wort compound and let not the Patient swallow any hard solid thing but liquid broaths Gellies and such like when you shall have occasion to use Gargarismes then this and the following may be used with profit to the Patient Take a handful of French barley a pugil of Rosemary flowers Raisins of the Sun stoned Jujubes of each half an ounce one ounce of Liquorice let them be boyled all together adding thereto when you have strained them honey of Roses and Julep of Roses of each two ounces The other is this take three spoonfuls of French barley one pugil of the flowers of red Roses Sumach Pomgranate-flowers of each two drams Raisins of the Sun stoned and Jujubes of each half an ounce one ounce of Liquorice boyl these together according to art in three pintes of running water to the consumption of half strain them to which add honey of Roses and syrrup of myrtles of each two ounces for a Gargarism either of these moisten the mouth and throat will mitigate the harshness of the part asswage pain cleanse and agglutinate and cause a more free and easie breathing If the veins of the throat or Jugular veins sleepy or soporal arteries be deeply wounded 't is mortal if not first stanch the bloud which is done by several means as with Pledgets dipt in a medicine made of the white of an egg vinegar and water being well mixt together and applyed or by astringent powders whereof you have had choice often before which you may apply thus Touch the vessels with your finger then wipe away the bloud with lint or a sponge dipt in red wine then put some powder with your fingers to the vessel after that apply the same medicine upon Pledgets to the place where your fingers were and keeping them close down fill the wound with pledgets armed with the same and last of all a four-doubled cloath wet in Red wine or some astringent liquor as of the decoction of the roots of Lungwort Ciniquefoil the leaves of Knot-grass Burnet Hors-tail Plantane and the like either boyled in water or red wine and water or red wine alone In other places where you may use rowling you must rowl below the wound upward and when you come to the wound rowl three or four times about but if you cannot make use of rolling the part then if you can come at the mouth of the vessel with your finger or thumb press it so long till the bloud shall be so thick as a clot about it and so stop its passage or use this powder following Take two drams of Frankincense Aloes Dragons bloud Cobwebs Mastich Sarcocol Vmber of each one dram and make them into a fine powder if this prevail not notnigh a noble part some add sublimate and auripigmentum of each half a dram to two drams of these powders If you fear an Aneurisma known by the beating of the Arterie apply this following Take of the leaves of Nightshade Henbane Mandrakes bruised of each one handfull as much Barley-flower as will serve to make it a Poultis without boyling if it be deep To incarn use this Take of oyl of St. Johns wort four ounces three ounces of Gum-elemy half a pound of Venus Turpentine melt them all together and strain them when they begin to be cold add to it Boll Armanack and Dragons bloud of each one ounce Orrice-roots Aloes Myrrhe Mastich of each one dram with two ounces of Aqua vitae mix them and apply them warm and over them a Diapalma-Plaister moistned with Oyl of Roses to hinder Inflammation so dressing till the end of the cure as in other wounds If the Gullet be wounded and wholly divided or over-thwart it is then incureable if not it is to be stitched leaving a passage in the lowermost part and cure as in the Cure of the Wind-pipe aforesaid using the Gargarisms as aforesaid outwardly use this Take half an ounce of the Syrrup of dryed Roses one dram of Bolarmanack Gum Mastich and Dragons bloud of each one scruple half the yolk of an egg with as much Cyprus Turpentine as is sufficient incorporate them if wounds do not pierce to the Wind-pipe veins of the throat soporal Arteries and be not very deep they are to be cured after the manner of ordinary wounds If the recurrent Nerves be wounded without hurt of any other notable vessel it is easily cured dressing it with a sufficient quantity of Venus Turpentine with Boll Armanack or the Balsome mentioned in the cure of wounds of the veins and arteries In wounds of the nerves to hinder pain and Inflamation Bleeding and purging are to be used or suppositories and glysters outwardly Embrocate with oyl of earth-worms Dill and Roses to the wound it self apply with Lint Wax Colophony of each one ounce Gum-Elemy and Venus Turpentine of each half an ounce Oyl of Earthworms Oyl of sweet Almonds and the oyl of the yolks of eggs oyl of Roses of each two drams with one dram of Saffron make therewith an oyntment according to art If you take the yolk of one egg and put two ounces of this unguent it will be the more anodyne i. e. ease pain the better and if to the aforesaid oyntment you shall add of each a dram of myrrhe and Sarcocol it will be a good sarcotick medicine i. e. procure good flesh to grow in the wound If you have occasion to use tents take heed they touch not the Nerve if you see it necessary and convenient lay this Poultis or Cataplasm upon the part Take half an ounce of Marsh-mallow roots Camomile-flowers Melilot and Bettony of each one ounce of the powder of Linseed and Fenugreek of each one ounce and a half Bean-flower one ounce boyl them in Lixivium i. e. Washing-lee or water and salt then put to them Oyl of Earthworms and Roses of each one ounce two
Tisan or Barley-water or plantane-Plantane-water wherein you are to dissolve two ounces of brown sugar and an ounce of Honey of Roses mix them and inject them warm with a Syringe if you see symptoms continue you may put in a leaden Pipe till the wound runs little and good matter then take it out and cure it up the manner of dressing such Patients is this having warmed your medicine as before cast it in with a syringe which done let your Patient betake himself to that posture that it may all come forth again after put the Pipe into the wound and lay a sponge dipt in Aqua vitae on it which will keep forth the aire and draw out the matter contained in the wound Instead of the Sponge you may make use of this Take half a pound of the clear and best Rozin and two ounces of Gum-elemy melt them over a gentle fire till they be well mixed together then add to them Oyl of Bays and common Turpentine of each one ounce boyl them a little then strain them through a thick linnen cloath which spread upon leather lay it upon the Pipe which will powerfully draw matter out of the wound Renew it once a day if in winter and twice a day in Summer remembring always to snip your plaister in the middle that the mater may have passage to flow out With this and Artificial Balsom may wounds be cured which are piercing Forget not if you see occasion to bleed first on the contrary side of the wound and if need be and strength permit afterwards in the other arm To dissolve clotted bloud give this medicine inwardly made of half a dram of Rhubarb Madder and Mummy of each one scruple half a scruple of Sealed earth Scabious and Buglos-water and the juice of Lemmons of each one ounce To help difficulty of breathing and ease pain let the Patient take a quarter of a pinte of this Decoction following Four ounces of French barley three ounces of Raisins of the Sun stoned three handfulls of Buglos roots two ounces of Liquorice scraped and bruised twenty Jujubes fifteen pruans and a handful of Parsley-roots Boyl all these in seven quarts of rain or running water to the consumption of the third part and to make it palate-able and pleasant for taste Boyl two or three drams of Cynamon in the straining dissolve three ounces of Pennids Syrup of Roses and Comfrey and of the two opening roots made without vinegar of each two ounces four ounces of Sugar Candy this nourisheth so much that he need no other food for three days unless he drink Tisan wherein you may boyl Fennel and Parsley-roots If the Patient find ease by spitting help him by the using of Vinegar water and sugar for his cough administer this Take Sugar-Candy and Pennids of each one ounce two ounces of Diatragacanthum frigidum syrup of Violets and Juiubs of each as much as is sufficient to make a Linctus or Lohoc which he is to use often with a Liquorish-stick if he spits thick matter then use syrup of Coltsfoot with Oxymel simplex or simple which is thus made Take four pound of the best honey clear water and white-wine vinegar of each one quart boyle the water and honey into a syrup afterwards add the Vinegar then boyl it to the consistance of a syrup scumming it with a wooden scummer But when the matter is coming to suppuration let the patient drink half a pint of this following in the morning which he may sleep after and the like quantity at four of the Clock in the afternoon Take Eupatorie Scabies Sanicle Clove-gilliflower Privets and Colts-foot of each one handful of the root of the greater Comfrey and Burridg of each one ounce boyl the roots first then the herbs according to Art in five quarts of water till one half be consumed afterwards put to it Sugar and Honey of each four ounces which being clarified with the whites of two eggs keep it for use which you may also use for an Injection if you please indeavouring to get out all again for what remains will be of a sharp quality and so may increase if not beget Symptoms A wound made in the lungs if it be on the skirts and without inflammation c. then giving your Patient things to hinder his coughing much and great breathing may be cured while the patient takes those Linctus's or others before described he is to lye on his back for so the medicine will fall by little and little upon the wind-pipe otherwise if they should fall down hastily or in great quantity it might cause the Patient to Cough Cows Asses or Goats-milk if they may be had with a little Honey that they corrupt not in the stomach are very good in these wounds or the mulcians of Almonds which is made by bruising the Almonds being first blanched in a stone-morter and pouring Barley-water upon them and stir them well and strain through a cloth doing this often and it will look like milk Sugar of Roses likewise is excellent in this case because it is of a cleansing and strengthening quality but when you shall think it time to close up the wound after you have cleansed it with the medicines before spoken of The Patient must use in Broths or Linctuses some sealed Earth Boll-Armonack Plantan Knot-grass Shumack Acasia or the Juice of Sloes and such like sharp and binding medicines which being mixed with Honey of Roses may carry away that filth which may hinder the closing up of the wound Wounds happen to divers parts of the Belly some whereof are piercing as you will see the Guts and Caule sometime come forth if the great Guts come out put them up again presently into the Belly But if they have been a good while out and so the cold Air hath injured them and they be full of wind and the like then they must be fomented with medicines that will discuss the wind such as is made of Thyme and Calemint Camomil Mellilot Penni-royal Origanum Wormwood and the like or else prick them with needles if after all this you cannot make it go up there is no other way but to enlarge the wound But if the Gut it self be wounded which you will know by perceiving the excrements come forth at the wound if it be wounded longwayes and little it is easily cured if overthwart-ways and great 't is difficultly cured if black 't is deadly then it must be sowed up so as Glovers use to stitch in making Gloves Then put upon it powder of Mastick Mirrhe Boll Armonack and the like after you have stitched it up you must not put up the Gut into its place all at once but by little and little the patient lying on the side opposite to the wound as if the wound be on the right side the patient shall lie on his left by which means you may more easily restore the Gut fallen down if the lower part of the guts being wounded fall through the wound
then the Patient shall lie low with his head down and his buttocks raised higher putting a pillow under him If the Cawl fall out of the wound it is to be put into his place as soon as may be because it is subject to putrefie but if it be putrified before it can be restored to its place which is when it looks black and is cold then bind it near the warm and sound parts and cut off that which is corrupt leaving the string hanging out if the colour of it be not altered and it be warm put it in and stitch up the wound after this manner putting your needle first through the skin and muscles to the Peritoneum not touching it on that side and then putting the needle from within outwards on the other-side thrust through all and after tye it an inch further make another stitch contrary to the former and remember that you leave an Orifice for a Tent For more security you may strengthen it if you please with a dry stitch to the wound it self use Arceus his Liniment with oyl of St. Johns wort compound or some artificial Balsom and the like before often prescribed In summer lay over all the Diapalma plaister moystned in oyl of Roses in the winter Paracelsus anointing the part if it be painful with this following Oyle of Roses and Mirtles of each half an ounce oyl of Lillies and Earthworms of each one ounce oyl of Cammomil and Dill of each six ounces oyntment of Marsh-mallows and poplar buds of each three drams mix them and make a Liniment according to Art Those wounds which pierce into the Belly onely require to be joyned together and so to be cured as simple wounds If the stomach be wounded there follows vomiting of Choler and Hickets sometimes meat and drink comes forth as it is taken If the wound be quite through the stomach or near the mouth of the stomach or if in the bottom of the stomach and very great then no hopes if not if the Patient be full bodyed then let him be let blood making him wound-drinks as before prescribed if the wound be large stitch it up leaving only a place in the depending part for a tent to be applyed with Balsomes of which you have several laid down before in the cure of wounds let the Region of the stomach be annointed with the oyles of Mint Mirtles Roses and Quinces giving them first cleansing glisters afterwards nourishing ones likewise Broths wherein wound-herbs have been boyled You may know the Liver is wounded if the wound be on the right side and there hath followed a flux of blood sometimes he vomits Choler sometimes casting forth blood by stool and urine and his face grow pale and wan If the wounds of this part be not very great having not bled much but little they are curable as one says if a peece be cut off For cure inwardly Take Troches of spodium or burnt Ivory in Plantaine water or the decoction of Red Rose leaves To which add syrup of dryed Roses and Mirtles two scruples of the powder of red Roses is very good if blood fall down into the cavity of the Belly and clots dissolve it by medicines before mentioned in wounds of the Breasts if you perceive that Nature hath a mind to cast out the matter by urine assist it by boyling Smallidg Parsley Fennel and Radish in his Drinks or Broths If the wound be on the left side and blackish blood issues out there and he be very thirsty then the Spleen is wounded if the wound be small it is Cureable if deep deadly and it is Cured as in wounds of the Liver If the small Guts be wounded there ensues Vomiting of Choler pain joyned with a Feaver and meat and drink and Chile comes forth the flanks will swell and be hard and the patient will be troubled with Hickets and ringing pains in the Belly apt to have some cold-sweats and the outward-parts wax cold These wounds are very difficultly Cured especially if in the Gut called Jejunum in English the empty Gut by reason many vessels which run to it are in danger and it self is of a Nervy substance they are to be stitcht with a Glovers stitch after put them up fomenting them first with red Wine then upon them apply this powder Mastick Sarcocol of each one dram Borax and Myrrhe of each half a dram make a powder of them for use then stitch up the outward parts For inward means you have several medicines prescribed before Mastick is good to be taken in all things especially in the wounds of the stomach Difficulty of making water or it is altogether stopt in those that are wounded in the Kidneys pissing blood with his urine paine stretched about the groines if the wound be but slight and superficial and in the fleshy part then much blood flows and his water is stopt if it pass to the cavity or hollowness of the Kidneys then blood passeth with the urine If Urine be stopt anoynt the Pecten with the oyle of Scorpions and bitter Almonds apply a pultis made of Pellitory Mallows and Saxifrage for Injections use Trochisces of Amber called Trochisci de Carabe dissolved in Horsetailer Plantain-water When the bladder is wounded there comes but little urine and that bloody if the wound be in the bottom of the bladder the urine will fal in the lower part of the Belly and as if there were a seeming dropsie pain will reach as farr as the Groin and Stones in men For help let him use this following inwardly Shumack Mirtle-berries of each three ounces red-Rose leaves dryed one pugil Pomgranate-flowers half an ounce boyl them in six quarts of Rain running or fountain-fountain-water strain it and therein dissolve syrup of dryed Roses and honey of Roses of each six ounces syrup of Myrtles three ounces gum dragon half an ounce drink of this decoction ten days if you cut in four Quinces it will be the better outwardly use some Anoâ—ine unguent as before or else Turpentine with oyle of St. Johns-wort with the yolk of an egg and a little Saffron powdered mixed together and applyed inebricating the part with oyl of Roses Lillies and Scorpions Wounds of the Limbs as Arms Thighs Leggs if they peirce the great Vesâ—els within-side sometimes cause death or else are very difficult to cure if they peirce not the vessels they are to be cured as other ordinary wounds For the wounds of the long Tendon which goes near the Heel suffer not your Patient to goe except with Crutches for it is very requisite that he rest as much as possible may be for fear if he go too much upon it before the Cicatrize and Scar of the wound be drawn very hard the wound break out again Likewise you are to take notice that great and deep wounds in the Limbs require often bleeding and purging especially if it be near the joynts and then you are to apply fit and convenient Bolsters for the purpose The most Material
Seamen or others is chiefly or almost the very same used to those troubled with Hypochondriack melancholy so that you are first to begin the Cure with general evacuations as Bloud-letting Purging and sutable to the nature of the disease strength and constitution of the Patient for Bloud-letting you must do it in the Liver-vein little and often that you cool not the body too much at once the next thing to be looked after is good dyet which because often wanting at Sea in long Voyages they are to carry with them some such comfortable things as may be useful as Wine Sugar c. Then you are to administer Glisters or Suppositories such as formerly has been spoken of in the Cure of Wounds and afterwards such a Bolus or Morsel as this following Take of Diacatholicon and lenitive Electuary of each half an ounce Cream of Tartar half a dram with three or four drops of Spirit of Viteral make a Bolus to be taken in the morning fasting you may if you see the Patient weak open the Hemrod-veins with Leeches you may repeat Bloud-letting in the Arm if you see occasion the gentle purges are the best often given such as common Pills of Ruffus called Pillulae Ruffi communes Pillulae Macri Mercurii dulcis one scruple two scruples or a dram are enough for a dose Barley-water is good the juice or syrrup of Lemmons to which you may if you will add some few drops of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water or Oyl of Viteral and Sugar then you may make use of specifical medicines which are such as have a peculiar faculty against the Scurvy such as Dutch or Sea-scurvy-grass Brook-lime and Water-Cresses Worm-wood Fumitory Turnips Lemmons juice or syrrup of Oranges Limes Tamarinds those which have not so great force against the Scurvy are these that follow viz. Agrimony Maiden-hair Betony Borrage Bugloss Ceterach Elecampane Germander Hysop Polypody of the Oak the Bark of Ash Capers and Tamarisk the flowers of Alder dodder of Time and Tamarisks but alwayes observe that if the Patient be feaverish or inclining to a Feaver you must be sparing of the hotter things and give them in a smaller quantity adding to them Endive Succory Sorrel c. with some few drops of Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol Of all which you may make several sorts of medicines as Decoctions Apozems Syrrups c. Or else this following Take the juice of Scurvey-grass and Brook-lime of each three pound two pound of powdered Sugar boyl them together till they come to the consistence of a Syrrup Or thus Take two pound of the juice of Scurvy-grass one pound and three quarters of the juice of Lemons and three-quarters of a pint of the spirit of Wine or Brandy to which adding a sufficient quantity of Sugar is made a syrup of which you may take three or four spoonfulls fasting two hours after To your juice of Lemmons alone you may add a spoonful of Aquavitae As much spirit of Vitriol as will sharpen a cup of Beer water or wine is very good also Diatrium piperium taken from a scruple to half a dram in some convenient liquor as Wine Beer or Ale first and last is good Theriaca Diatessaron from half a dram to two and Theriaca Londinensis two drams taken in the morning are good so are conserve of Roses Conserve of Wormwood with a few drops of the spirit of Viteral Likewise green Ginger Rosa-Solis and Wormwood water also it will not be amiss to sweat after purging which you may do by giving him a dram of Venice Treacle or Mithridate or half a dram of Antimonium diafreticum more or less as you find the constitution of your Patient There is commonly accompanying the Scurvy swellings and putrefaction of the gums for which you may take Bistert and Tormentil-roots boyled in a sufficient quantity of water to the consumption of half to which add some drops of Vitriol to make it sharp or else take this following of Roman or white Viteral two ounces one pint of water and two spoonfuls of Honey being boyled to the consumption of the third part add to it half an ounce of Salâ—prunella for your use To conclude when you come to any place on shore you may make use of these following Receipts Take a pint of the decoction of Barley four ounces of white-wine Horse-raddish root but thin and bruised two ounces three handfuls of Scurvy-grass leaves strain them through a Cloth mingle them and take a spoonful of this morning and evening Or else take of Wormwood and Juniper-Berries bruised of each one handful Goats-milk if to be had or in want of it Cows-milk or Sheeps-milk two quarts Boyl them till the third part be consumed strain them and to the straining put one dram of Saffron in powder let them boyle a walm or two then strain it again give of this morning noon and evening Or Take three pints of white-wine a quart of small Ale four ounces of the juice of Scabies Brook-lime and water-Cresses of each two ounces half a handfull of Rosa solis boyl them to the Consumption of one pint to which add half a pint of the juice of Scurvy-grass let them boyl a little in a pint of this steep three spoonfuls of Horse-dung let them stand all night strain them in the morning and let the Patient take half a pint thereof being sweetned with Sugar-Candy For a Beer to drink constantly of Take a pound of Scurvy-grass a little dryed Brooklime and water-Cresses of each four handfuls a handful of Sage an ounce of Saxifrage six ounces of Sarsaparilla six drams of Nutmegs Let the Herbs Roots and Spice be bruised a part then mix them hang them in a bag in four gallons of beer after it hath stood nine days the Patient may drink thereof Half a pint of this following-drink every morning for fourteen dayes hath been often tryed and approved and hath cured divers Take Scurvy-grass stamp it and strain it with posset-drink made of thin skim-milk turned with just as much white-wine Vinegar as will serve to turn it during all the time of your cure you must forbear salt meat strong-drink fruits and old Cheese drinking whey at your Meals if you can get it if not instead thereof small Ale and you must chew Brook-lime for three mornings together if your teeth be loose In Voyages at Sea there happen to Sea-men the disease Called the Callenture It is a kind of contagious Fever sometimes with fits sometimes without the Patients being often possessed with a Frenzy for they oft think the Sea to be a Meddow and so make an offer to go into it on some the fits are very violent which are hot and cold in some This Disease happens through great obstructions caused by ill dyet and intemperature of the Climate which aire being somewhat Contagious causeth an ill habit of the Body For the Cure of this Distemper you are first to begin with Cordials which strengthen and defend the faculties from the venemous quality of the
of the juice of Citrons For preservative you may drink Wormwood-beer or a small quantity of the former Cordials or eat mince and sage with bread and butter and smell to the herbs or you may steep those herbs with Wormwood in white-wine Vinegar which is excellent good in the Plague-time also Seamen and Soldiers are often troubled with Fluxes therefore it will not here be amiss to lay down some convenient remedies for the Cure of the same but being there are several kinds of Fluxes I shall begin first with that which is called Lientery which is when the food received into the body is cast forth in the same substance colour and smell as it was received This proceeds from a weakness of the retaining faculty of the stomach when it cannot keep the meat long enough therein till it be concocted likewise from a cold distemper of the stomach and liver begetting cold and raw humours which fill up the wrinkles of the stomach that it cannot keep the food it receives or else from â—harp humours pricking and twitching the parts by which the stomach and guts are provoked to send forth their meat too soon If this comes from a cold cause you may know it from the sowr belching that follows and phlegmatick excrements that are voided If the humors come from the head the excrements are frothy and after sleep the flux is greater if it come by provocation caused by sharp and pricking humors he will have a great thirst heat in his flanks gnawing in his stomach voiding sharp and chollerick excrements If this disease come from tough phlegmatick humors covering the wrinkles of the stomach you must cut them with honey of Roses Oxymel simplex and Oxymel-squils and the like Then you must give him gentle Purges for which purpose Pills are the best because they stay longest in the stomach of which you may take these for an example Take of Pillulae Cochiae and Pill Ruffi of each half a dram mix them and make them into six Pills of which let him take three at night going to bed and the other three the next morning or night according as you see occasion or else Pills of Hiera with Agrick or Pillulae Alephenginae the same Dose of either a part for Glisters they are here of no great force except the flux be violent and then they must be binding such as shall be spoken of hereafter In a Bloudy-flux after you have purged the humors offending you must then strengthen the stomach wiâ—h cooling Syrrups and Julips if it come from a hot cause mixing therewith some few drops of the Spirit of Viteral or Sulphur also some Marmalet of Quinces will be good or this following Take of the Conserve of Sorrel and Wormwood of each one ounce Conserve of Roses Suckery and Buglas of each half an ounce Diamargariton frigidum and Diarrhodon Abbatis of each one dram one scruple of Troches of Spodium with as much Syrrup of Lemmons as will serve to make them up to the form of an Electuary mix them and let the Patient take the quantity of a Chesnut morning noon and night or this following Take six ounces of old Conserve of Roses six drams of London or Venice Treakle with as much Marmalet of Quinces as will make it into an Electuary mix them and let the Patient take about the quantity of half an ounce in the morning drinking nothing after for the space of three or four hours if from a cold cause let the Patient boyl some Guaiacum or Sassafras in his drink of which take this for a pattern Take of guaiacum Sassafras Sarsaparilla of each two ounces English Liquorice and Cinnamon of each one ounce Coriander-seed an ounce Infuse them in four quarts of spring or running-running-water twenty four hours afterwards boyl it gently to the consumption of half of this Let the Patient drink half a pinte at a time about the quantity of a quart in a day here Mithridate Nutmeg Diatessaron and Diatrion pipirion is good if he wants rest and the flux continue give him three grains of Laudanum Opiatum where note in the taking of all which things if the Flux heing stayed break out again it is a sign ill humours are to be purged away to which purpose Rubarb prepared Infused often in Indiff-water is very excellent The next sort of Fluxes is called Diarrhaea which is a Flux in which excremental cholerick or phlegmatick humours are cast forth without either blood or food and these come either from the whole body or from the brain or stomach Guts Liver Spleen Mesentery and if in women from the womb and the like If the Patient hath had or have at present a feaver or be dropsical or of an ill habit of body or have eaten excessively and not digested his food it is a sign that it comes from the whole body If the excrements be frothy and he void more by night than day and he have some manifest disease in his head as a Catarrh Lethargy Deafness c. then it proceeds from the head If the fault be in the stomach the Patient hath eaten food apt to corrupt and there appear signs that the concoction is injured either from a hot or cold cause if from the first the humours will be sharp cholerick stinking and nature labours to throw it out if from the last then the excrements will be crude and phlegmatick If the Flux proceed from the Liver the excrements are cholerick and you will perceive some distemper of the Liver if from the Spleen they will be blackish and you have signs of a distempered Spleen If from the Dysentery you will have an extension of the humours but they come from the Liver and Spleen if from the Guts there 's worms if from the womb there hath been obstructions of the Courses and now some symptom that vexes and increases the Flux at that time the Courses are wont to flow For to help this Disease first of all open a vein if the body be full of bloud and if it be not it is good to let bloud if the Patient hath a feaver then purge with such things as leave a binding quality behind them such as Rubarb dryed and given in plantane-Plantane-water with syrrup of Quinces or take a dram of Rubarb and half a dram of the yellow Mirobolans and half a scruple of yellow Saunders infuse them in plantane-Plantane-water strain it and to the straining add half a dram of Rubarb in powder and one ounce of Syrrup of Roses a potion for one dose or you may add the lenitive Electuary or Catholicon according to the strength and condition of the Patient and humours vomiting is good if the body be strong before and after purging give this or the like glyster Take Wheat-bran and red Rose leaves of each one pugil whole Barley two pugils Liquorice sliced and Raisins of the Sun of each one ounce boyl these in a sufficient quantity of water till they come to a pinte in the straining
dissolve one ounce of white sugar and the yolks of two eggs for a glyster After the body is sufficiently emptied then give binding Glysters such as you shall find next in the cure of the Bloudy-flux at the mouth likewise you shall there be directed If the Patient have not a feaver boyl new milk if you can get it and scum off the foam then quench red hot steel in it often drink it warm it is a present remedy Unripe Blackberries and Mulberries dryed and powdered is good to stay this Flux likewise this Opiat is excellent Take of the juice of Quinces Conserve of Roses of each one ounce Dragons bloud sealed-earth and fine Bolearmonack of each one dram Bloud-stone and the Troches of Amber of each half a dram with syrrup of comphry make an Opiat take a little often Or take one ounce of the powder of Rheubarb two drams of the Troches of Sanders mix them and give the Patient two drams thereof twice a day this purgeth away the ill humours and strengtheneth the bowels Or this Take half an ounce of the old Conserve of Roses one dram of Marmalet of Quinces a scruple of Tormentil-root in fine powder half a scruple of fine Bolearmonack with sugar make a bole for one dose which is to be given often if the Flux continue long and strength much decay give Laudanum a grain or two amongst your other medicines you may for ordinary drink use one made of three pintes of water wherein two drams of Mastich hath been boyled Plantane boyled in broth is good and for fear it turn to a Bloudy-flux give an Emulsion of Barley-water and the four cold seeds The last of the Fluxes of the belly is called Dysenteria or the Bloudy-flux which is known by the Patients voiding of bloud with tormenting pains from the ulceration of the guts by sharp and salt phlegmatick and cholerick humours which is cured by removing those sharp humours asswaging pain cleansing and consolidating the ulcer and stopping the Flux To evacuate the humours you must purge with Rubarb every second third or fourth day according to the strength of your Patient season of the year and the like the Dose from half a dram to two drams being dryed as before or made into a Potion thus Take Liquorice scraped and sliced Raisins of the Sun of each three drams Tamarinds and yellow myrobolans of each two drams boyl them in Barley and plantane-Plantane-water to three ounces in the straining infuse a dram of Rubarb thin-sliced then add an ounce of the syrrup of Roses solutive and make a potion This following is excellent in desperate fluxes Take two ounces of the bark of Guiacum bruised and beaten boyl it in a sufficient quantity of water til half be wasted then add red Rose leaves Pomgranate-flowers and Plantane-seed of each two drams let them boyl an hour then to the straining add a dram of Rubarb in powder and three drams of Catholicon for a Potion Mechoacan with Cinnamon is good If with the Dysentery there be a seaver and inflamation of the bowels let the Patient bloud according to strength sometimes vomiting is profitable to intercept those sharp salt humours that fall from the stomach to the Guts omit it not if you see a loathing and perceive the stomach stuft full of humours your vomiting may be this Take from half a dram to a dram of salt of Vitriol syrrup of Quinces and Bettony-water of each one ounce with ten drams of cinnamon-Cinnamon-water give it for one Dose In the mean time you must give mild and cleansing Glysters first as this made of the roots of Marsh-mallows and Butter-burr of each one handful one pugil of Camomile-flowers Fleabane-seed and Flux-seed of each two drams Boyl them in Barley-water or milk or water wherein steel or Iron hath often been quenched or mutton or sheeps-head-broath to a pinte strain it and dissolve therein the yolks of four eggs well beaten oyl of Roses and syrrup of Quinces of each one ounce and make a glyster At Sea instead of milk use the decoction of Bran boyling in it such of these following herbs as have virtue to cleanse the ulcer such as Centory Wormwood St. Johns wort to the straining of which add Turpentine dissolved in the yolk of an Egg and the chymical oyl of wax of each one dram for excoriations or fretting of the guts a glyster of the decoction of bran with Deer-suet the yolk of an egg if to be had is good you may add some Anniseed Fennel-seeds Comin-seeds and Dill-seeds when there is need of more binding then make a Glyster thus Take of the Roots of Comfrey Tormentil and Bistort of each one ounce Plantane Shepherd-Purse Knot-grass and Mouse-ear of each one handful Pumpranet-flowers Acorn-cups Cyprus-nuts of each one dram parched Rice French Barley and red Roses of each one pugil boyl them in Smiths water or water wherein Iron hath often been quenched To a pinte of the straining add of the juice of Plantane and Yarrow of each one ounce and the yolks of two roasted eggs Or instead of the juices you may use the muscilage of Gum Draganth made with Rose or plantane-Plantane-water and Goats or Deer-suet of each one dram All this while you must not forget internal remedies to stay the flux nutmegs are excellent if desperate dryed and burnt to powder Rice pottage or this Take of sealed-Earth Harts-horn prepared with Plantane and knot-grass-Knot-grass-water prepared Corral Crocus Martis of each one dram mix them the Dose is from a scruple to one dram in Knot-grass or plantane-Plantane-water one dram of crude Allum given in the said waters doth in a manner charm the flux Or take a pinte of syrrup of Prunes without Sugar a spoonful and half of Tormentil-root in powder boyl them a little together and drink a quarter of a pinte first and last Lastly the Body being well cleansed before make this binding Decoction to compleat the Cure Take the roots of Bistort Comfrey and Tormentil the leaves of Plantane Tarrow Shepherds purse Horse-tail Mouse-ear and Agrimony of each one handful Seeds of Sorrel Grape-stones and Sumach of each one ounce boyl them in four quarts of water till half be consumed then strain it and sweeten it with syrrup of Comfrey Quinces Mirtles dryed Roses and Corral or else make use of this following Opiat Take of Conserve of Quinces and Conserve of old Roses of each one ounce half an ounce of the Conserves of Comfrey-roots prepared Corral Dragons-bloud Bolarmenick sealed-earth Conserve of Slowes Acatia of each one dram Spodium burnt Ivory of each one scruple with as much of any of the Syrrups aforesaid as will make it to an Opiat Give thereof the quantity of a Chesnut morning noon and night Narcoticks do wonders especially if they be mixed with Strengtheners and Binders as this Take of the old Conserves of Roses and Services of each one dram half a scruple of Confectio Alkermes three granes of Laudanum make thereof a Bolus four ounces of the juice of
Plantane given alone is excellent Now to conclude I thought it convenient to give you a Catalogue of the most necessary Instruments and Medicines both simple and compound which a young Chirurgion ought to carry with him to Sea or have in readiness by Land First a case of good Lancets for his plaister-box that must be furnished with these Instruments following a pair of Scissars a Spatula with a Capital Instrument and two small Probes a pair of Forceps a Director an Incision-knife stiching quils with three or four Chirurgions Needles or as many as you will a Fleme a small Rasier a Levatory Uvula spoon and Spatula Linguae Next for his Salvatory it must alwayes have these Unguents in it Arceus his Liniment Basilicon Vnguentum Aureum or the golden oyntment Vnguentum Apostolorum or oyntment of the Apostles Vnguenttum de minio or oyntment of Red-Lead Desiccativum Rubrum or the red drying and skinning oyntment Then besides these Instruments and Unguents in his Plaister-box and Salvatory he must have alwayes in readiness by him these medicines and Instruments following Viz for Emplaisters Diapalma de minio and the Diachilon-simple plaisters of one of which he is to put some ready spread upon cloth or paper into his Plaister-box Paracelsus-plaister Oxycrotium Diachilon with gums and the Mellilotplaister For Unguents Aegyptia cum Vnguentum Albium or the white oyntment Vnguentum Laâ—â—inum or common oyl of Bayes Vnguentum Nicotianae Peti or Oyntment of Tabacco Vnguentum Nutritum Vnguentum Opthalmicum or Oyntment for Inflamation of the Eyes Vnguentum Populion For Oyles Take Oleum Catulorum oyl of Camomil Lillies oyle of Exeter oyle of Saint John wort compound of Foxes Turpentine Roses Earth-worms Elder-Flowers Linseed Vitriol and Sulphur Likewise you must have these distilled waters with you water of Mint Plantain Burridg Bugloss Suckery Endif Lettice Purslane Poppy Roses Carduus Benedictus or the holy thistle these for simple waters Then for Compound you must have Anniseed Cinamon Aqua-Coelestis or the heavenly-heavenly-water Doctor Stephens water Aqua-mirabilis Aquae-Menthe or mint-Mint-water treacle-Treacle-water Spirit of wine Brandy or Aquavitae wormwood-Wormwood-water Likewise you must have with you strong Lee white-wine Vinegar Vinegar of Roses For Syrups you must have syrup of Wormwood Vinegar Simple or Compound of Lemons Sloes Diamoron or syrup of Mulberries Violets honey of Roses Oximel Simplex Simple or Compound Oximel Scilliticum or Oximel of Squils Then for Conserves c. Electuaries the Conserve of Red-Roses Barberries Quinces Wood-Sorrel and Slowes London and Venice-Treacle Diascordium Mithridate Confectio Alchermes for Purging Electuaries the Lenitive Diacatholicon Confectio Hamet Diaprunes Solutive For Pills you must have Pil-Ruffi Communes Pil-Choche Pil-Hiera Comagarico Extractum Rudii Pil-Alofangine For Lohoâ—ks you must have Lohoch de farfara or Lohoch of Colts-foot Lohoch of Poppies Lohoch of Pine-nuts Lohoch of Pursley Lohoch of Fox-Lungs and Lohoch Sanum expertum For Troches you must have Trochisci Albi Rhacis with and without Trochischi Gordonii Trochischi Alchakengi or Troches of Winter-Cherries Pectoral Rolls white and black Troches of Barberies Troches of Camphire Troches of Saunders and Rubarb Troches de terra Lemnia or earth of Lemons For powders you must have alwayes in readiness powder to stay flux of blood and eat away proud-flesh of which you had receipts before Aromaticum Rosarum Diamagaritum Frigidum diapenidion Diarodon Abbatis Diatragacanthum Frigidum Diatrion Santalon Pulvis Haly for purging Powders you must have Diacenne Pulvis Sanctus or the holy powder For Simples you must have these roots following Birthwort long and round Aron-root Smallidg Bistort China Turmarick Dittany Elecampane Gentian Liquorish Heirodactils Orrace Lillies Polypodie Rubarb and Monks Rubarb Madder and Sarsaparilla Squils Turmentile Turbith Ginger Jollap Guiacum Liquorish For Herbs Wormwood Mallows Muâ—sh-mallows Beers Bettony Carduus Benedictus Centory â—notgrass Fumitory Broom St. Johns-wort Hyssop Baulin Mint Plantine Rosemary Rue Sage Elder-leaves and buds Savery Senna Stechas Coltsfoot Golden-rod For flowers Rosemary-flowers Orange Pomgranat Camomil Marigold Bean Broom Cowslip Mellilot Baume white black and red Poppies Roses white damask and red Elder Violet Saffron For Fruits Winter-Cherries Almonds bitter and sweet Barberries Figs Cassia fistularis Chestnuts Quinces Dates Jujubes Ivie Juniper and Bay-berries Lemons Oranges Cytrons Sebestins Cubebs Medlers Mulberries all the Mirabolans Mirtle-berries Olives Nutmegs Peaches Apricocks Mellons Damask-pruens Capers Cloves and Mace Cherries black and red Sloes Pears Damosens Services Pine-nuts Raisins of the Sun and Currants Tamerins Elder-berries Sebestines For Seeds Annis Cowcumbers Cumin Fenegreek Lettis Grumuel Lupines Pursley French-barley Linseed Fennel Coriander Carua Beanmeal Barly-meal wheat-flower wheat-Bran Mil-dust and White-starch For Gums c. Aloes Sugar Camphire Balsom Galbanum Ammoniacum Arabicum Trachanthum Manna Mastick Myrrhe Olibanum Opium Pitch Rosin Turpentine Dragons-Blood Scammony Frankinsence Storax oyl of Olives new and old Agarick Jews-ears Cantharides or Spanish-flies Goose Duks Geese Dogs Cats Mans Fox Badgers Bears-grease Deer and Goats-Suet Album-Graecum Virgins-wax white and black Harts-Horn Ising-glass the marrow of an Ox Deer Calf and Lamb Roman and Virgin-honey Musk and Mummy the Hairs of a Hare Spermaceti Allum For Mettals and Minerals you must have Verdigreese Allum Litharg of gold and silver Quick-silver all kinds of Arsenicks Bolarmanack Lime-stones Vitriol white Roman and green Sinclere Choak Redlead Terra lemnia Brimstone and flower of Brimstone Troches of red-Lead praecipitat For Instruments let these be allways in readiness Crows-bills Catch-bullets strait and crooked and the Terra bellum a dismembring-knife and sharp dismembring-saw Cauterizing-Iron head-saw and Trafine Speculum-Oris and Speculum forceps and a punch for Teeth small wax-candles syringes Catheter cupping-glasses glister-pot dyet-pot morter and pestle spatulas spl nters spunges juncks clouts rollers thred needle tape toâ— weights and scales serces and strainers and blood-poringers FINIS
hot and dry in the second degree and somwhat astringent the bark of the root is most used in Physick the flowers and leaves are not so strong in operation and are an excellent sawce The bark of the Caper roots is good against the hardness and stopping of the Spleen to be taken with Oxymel or mingled with oyles or oyntments for that purpose and outwardly applied upon the region of the Spleen Spleen the root hereof is good in decoction to be given in drink to such as are troubled with the Sciatica and Palsy Sciatica Palsie and to such as are hurt or bruised by falls or otherwise Bruises it mightily provokes Urine and stirrs up womens courses Termes the fruit and leaves have the like virtue as the roots but not so strong the seed of Capers boyled in Vinegar and kept warm in the Mouth asswageth the Tooth-ach Tooth-ach the juice of the leaves flowers and young fruit of Capers killeth Worms in the Eares Worms in the Eares being dropped therein the Capers which are brought into this Country preserved in pickle being eaten are meat and medicine for it stirreth up appetite fortifies the Stomack openeth obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and consumeth and wasteth cold flegm that is gathered about the Stomack Soldonella Names IT is called also in some places Sea-cawle and in Dutch Zee-wind but in shops it is known by the name of Soldonella or Brassica-marina Descript Soldonella hath many small branches somewhat red by which it spreadeth and creepeth along the ground covered here and there with little round green leaves rounder and smaller then leaves of Assarabana the flowers are red or carnation colour the seed is black and groweth in husks or round Cods the root is small and long the leaves have a saltish tast Place This herb groweth abundantly in Zealand upon the Sea-banks and in most salt grounds and Marshes which the Sea flowes over Time It floureth in June after which time it is fit to be gathered and kept to serve in medicine Government and Vertues It is hot and dry in the third degree a martial plant it purgeth very forceably down all watry humors Watry humors Liver Dropsie and opens obstructions of the Liver and is given with good successe to hydropicall people the best way to give it is boyled with the broth of fat flesh or else it may be dried and taken in powder but if it be taken in powder alone it hurteth and troubleth the Stomack the correcters of it are Anniseeds Ginger and Cynnamon and a good quantity of Sugar and so taken altogether The Carob-tree Names IT is called in shops Xylocaracta Carob and Carobs Descript This fruit groweth upon a great tree whose branches are small and covered with a red bark the leaves be long and spread abroad after the manner of Ashen leaves consisting of six or seven small leaves growing by a rib one against another of a sad dark green colour above and of a light green underneath the fruit is certain crooked cods or husks sometimes of a foot and an half long and as broad as ones thumb sweet in the husk is contained seed which is great plain and of a Chestnut colour Place This plant grows in Spain Italy and other hot Countries Government and Vertues The fruit of the Carob-tree is some what hot and dry and astringent especially when it is fresh and green somewhat subject to the influence of Saturn the fresh and green Carobs do gently loose the belly but are somewhat hard of digestion if eaten in great quantity hurtful to the Stomack but being dried they stop fluxes of the belly Fluxes provoke Urine Vrine and are not prejudicial to the Stomack being much fitter to be eaten then the Carobs which are fresh gathered or green Cassia-fistula Names IT it called Cassia in the cane but is usual known by the general name of Cassia-fistula in most Countries Descript The tree which beareth the canes hath leaves not much unlike those of the Ash-tree they be great long and spread abroad made of many leaves growing one against another along by one stem the fruit is round long black and with woodish huskes or Cods most commonly two foot long and as thick as ones thumb severed or parted in the inside into divers small cells or Chambers wherein lyeth flat and brownish seed laid together with the pulpe which is black soft and sweet and is called the flower marrow or cream of Cassia and is very useful and profitable in medicine Place It groweth in Syria Arabia and the East-Indies and in the West as Jaimaca Government Nature and Vertues The black pulpe or moist substance of Cassia is of a gentle temperature moderatly hot and moist in the first degree under the Government of Venus the inner pulpe of Cassia is a sweet and pleasant medicine and may safely be given to all weak people as women with Child and young Children It looseth the belly gently and moderatly purgeth cholerick humors Choler and slimy flegm Flegm gathered about the Guts to be taken the quantity of an ounce at a time Cassia is excellent good for those who are troubled with hot Agues Agues the Pleurisie Pleurisie Jaundies Jaundise or any inflamation of the Liver especially being mixed with waters Liver drinks or heâ—bs that be of a cooling nature It is good to cleanse the Reines and Kidneys Reines Kidneys it driveth forth Gravel and the Stone and is a preservative against the Stone to be drunk in the decoction of Liquorish and Parsly roots or Ciches It is good to gargle with Cassia to asswage and mitigate swellings of the Throat and to dissolve ripen and break imposthumes and Tumors Avicen writeth that Cassia being applied to the part greived with the Gout asswageth the pain Wild-Carrot Names THere is one kind that groweth not in England which is called Daucus Cretensis because it groweth in Crete or Candy or Daucus of Candy the wild Carrot which groweth here is also Daucus and often passeth in shops for the true Daucus of Crete it is also called birds-nest from the great tufts of the flowers resembling a birds-nest Descript The Daucus Cretensis is a tender herb having a stalk of a span long set with leaves a great deal smaller and more tender then the leaves of Fennel at the top of the stalk grow little spikey tufts with white flowers like unto the tops of Coriander yeelding a little long rough white seed of a good savor and sharp tast the root is of the thickness of ones finger and about a span long The Wild-Carrot or birds-nest hath leaves like Coriander but greater and not much unlike the leaves of the yellow garden Carrot the flowers be white growing upon tufts or rundells like to the tuffets of the yellow Carrots in the middle whereof there is found a little small flower or twaine of a brown red colour turning towards black the
may outwardly be applied for the same purpose it hindreth conception in Women if they make much use of it The Cokar Nut-tree Description and Names THis groweth to be a great large Timber-tree the body cover'd with a smooth bark bare or naked without any branch to a great height for which cause the Indians do either bore holes therein at certain distances and knock strong pegs into them which stick out so much as may serve for sooting to get up into the tree to gather the juice or liquor and the fruit or fasten ropes with nailes round about the tree with spaces which serve as steps to go up into it and towards the top it spreadeth out into sundry great Arms which bow themselves almost round with large leaves on them like the Date tree but greater whose middle-rib is very great and abiding alwaies green and with fruit also continually one succeeding another from between the lower boughs come forth smaller stalks hanging down bearing sundry flowers on them like those of the chestnut-tree after which come large great three-square fruit or Nuts ten or twelve and sometimes twenty thereon together as big as ones head or as a smaller Pompion almost round but a little smaller at the end covered with a hard tough Ash-coloured thick bark an inch thick in some places and within it a hard woody brownish shell but black being polished having at the Head or top thereof three holes somewhat resembling the nose and eyes of a Monkey between which outer bark and this shell grow many gross thredd 's or hairs within the woody shell there is a white kernel cleaving close to the side thereof as sweet as an Almond with a fine sweet water in the middle thereof as pleasant as Milk which will grow lesse pleasant or consume either by over ripeness or long keeping this tree is called by the Indians Maro in Malaca Trican and in other places by several other apppellations the timber of this tree is solid and firm black and shining like the walnut-tree and fit for any building and Garcias saith it is of two sorts I suppose he meaneth for two uses the one to bear fruit the other to extract the liquor which issues therefrom when the branches are cut or when it is bored and received into some things tyed thereunto for that purpose which liquor they call in their Language Sura and it sheweth like unto troubled Wine but in tast like new sweet Wine which being boyled they call Orraque and being destilled it yeildeth a spirit like unto our Aquavitae and it is used for the same purposes as we do ours and will burn like it they call it Fula And being set in the Sun it will become good Vinegar and that which runneth last being set in the Sun to grow hard or boyled to hardness will become Sugar which they call Jagra of the inner kernel while it is fresh they make bread the fresher the Nuts are the sweeter is the meat thereof Government and Vertues This is a Solar plant the fruit or kernel of the Coker-nut doth nourish very much and is good for lean bodies they increase the natural seed and stir up the appetite to Venery Venery Throat and are good to mollifie the hoarsenesse of the Throat and hoarseness Hoarseness of the voice Chocholate HAving before set down the particular Vertues of the Cacoa or Coker-Nut I shall add somewhat of a Confection or Composition made therof called Chocolate It is brought over unto us made into Rowls is used for a Cordial being macerated in milk and made potable adding what other ingredients pleases the preparer thereof which may be done divers waies according to the constitution of the party and medicinal use it is prepared for There is very much variety of the ingredients whereof this confection is compounded some do put into it black Pepper and Tanasco which is a red Indian root like Madder which is proper onely for those who are of cold and moist constitutions and are troubled with a very cold Stomack and Liver Another Receipt of the Indian Spaniards is this Take of Cacoa's 700. of white Sugar one pound and an half Cinnamon two ounces of long red Pepper 14 in Number of Cloves half an ounce three cods of the Logwood or Campeche tree or instead of that the weight of two Rialls or a shilling of Anniseeds some put in Almonds kernels of Nuts and orenge-flower-Orenge-flower-water This Receipt is fit for those that have chronick diseases macilent bodies or are inclinable to be infirm you may either add or take away according to the necessity or temperature of every one and it is very proper and convenient that Sugar be put into it when it is drunk sometimes they make Tabulats of the Sugar and the Chocholate together which they do onely to please the palâ—ts as the Dames of Mexico do use it and they are there sold in shops and are confected and eaten like other sweet-meats Another Receipt or way of compounding it shall follow but take this for a Rule that one Receipt cannot be proper for all Persons therefore such as drink it as common drink in publick houses may receive more hurt than good by it therefore every one may make choice of the ingredients that they may be usefull for the complexion of the Body The Receipt is this To every 100 of Cacao's put two cods of long red Pepper one handful of Anniseeds one cod of Campeche or Logwood two drams of Cinnamon Almonds and Hasel-nuts of each a dozen white Sugar half a pound and if you cannot have those things which come from the Indies you may make it with the rest The way of compounding the Chocholate The Cacao and other ingredients must be beaten in a stone morter or grownd upon abroad stone which the Indians call Metate and is made onely for that use such stones as our Painters grind their colours upon will serve for that use the first thing that is to be done is to dry the ingredients with care that in stirring they be not burnt nor become black and if they be over dried then they will be bitter and lose their vertue the Cinnamon and the long red Pepper are to be first beaten with the Anniseed and then beat the Cacao by little and little till it be all powdered and sometimes turn it round in the beating that it may mix the better and every one of these ingredients must be beaten by it self and then put them all into the vessel where the Cacao is which you must stir together then take out that paste put it into the morter under which you must lay a little fire after the confection it made But you must be very careful not to put more fire than will warm it that the unctuous parts do not fly away you must searse all the ingredients but onely the Cacoa and when you find it to be wel beaten and incorporated which you shall know by the
shortness of it then with a spoon take up some of the paste which will be almost liquid and so either make it into tablets or rowles or put it into boxes and when it is cold it will be hard To make the Tablets you must put a spoonful of the paste upon a sheet of Paper the Indians put it upon a leaf where being put in the shade it grows hard and then howing the Paper the Tablets fall off by reason of the fatness of the paste but if it be put into any thing of earth or wood it will stick fast and will not come off without scraping or breaking In the Indies they take it two several wayes the one being the common way is to take it hot with Atolle which was the drink of antient Indians they call Atolle pap made of the flower of Maiz and so they mingle it with the Chocholate the other modern way which the Spaniards use is of two sorts the one is that the Chocholate being dissolved with cold water and the scum taken off and put into another Vessel they put the remainder upon the Fire with Sugar and when it is warm then they pour it upon the scum they tooke off before and so drink it the other way is to warm the water and then when you have put into a pot or dish asmuch Chocholate as you think fit put in a little of the warm water and then grind it well with the Molinet and when it is well ground put the rest of the warm water to it and so drink it with Sugar to your tast Besides these former wayes there are others one is put the Chocholate into a pipkin with a little water and let it boyl well until it be dissolved and then put in sufficient water and Sugar according to the quality of the Chocholate and then boyl it again until there comes an oyly scum upon it and then drink it There is another way to drink Chocholate which is cold and takes its name from the principal ingredient and is called Cacao which they use at Feasts to refresh themselves and it is made after this manner The Chocholate being dissolved in water with the Molinet take off the scum or crassy part which riseth in great quantity when the Cacao is older and more putrified the scum is laid aside by it self in a little dish and then put Sugar into that pan from whence you took the scum and pour it from on high upon the scum and so drink it cold but this drink doth not agree with all Stomacks by reason of its coldness There is another way to drink it cold which is called Cacao penali and it is done by adding to the same Chocholate having made the confection as is before set down so much Maiz dried and well grownd and taken from the husk and then well-mingled in the morter with the Chocholat it falls all into flower or dust and so these things being mingled as is said before there riseth the scum and so take it and drink it as before There is another way which is a short and quicker way to make it which is more wholsom that is first to set some water to warm and while it warms throw a Tablet or some Chocholate scraped and mingled with Sugar into a little cup and when the water is hot pour the water to the Chocholate and then dissolve it with the Molinet and then without taking off the scum drink it But in our colder Country most usually it is thus made with milk instead of water and some add yolks of Eggs and a sop of white Bread Such as desire to take it in milk three ounces of Chocolate will be sufficient to a quart of milk scrape the Chocolate very fine and put it into the milk when it boyles work it very well with the Spanish instrument called Molenillo between your hands which instrument must be of wood with a round knob made very round and cut ragged that as you turn it in your hands the milk may froth and dissolve the Chocolate the better then set the milk on the fire again untill it be ready to boyl having the yolk of two eggs well beaten with some of the hot milk then put your eggs into the milk and Chocolate and Sugar asmuch as you like for your tast work it altogether with the Molinet and thus drink it or if you please you may slice a little manchet into a dish and so eat it for a breakfast you may if you please make it also with water instead of milk after this manner Set a pot of conduit-water over the fire untill it boyles then to every person that is to drink put an ounce of Chocolate with asmuch Sugar into every pot whereunto pour a pint of the said water so boyling and therein work together the Chocolate and the Sugar with the Instrument called El-Molenillo until it be throughly incorporated which done pour in as many half pints of the said water as there be ounces of the Chocolate and if you please you may put in the yolks of one or two new-laid eggs which must be beaten untill they froth very much the hotter it is drunk the better it is you may likewise put in a slice of white-bread or bisket and eat that with the Chocolate which will be a very substantial and Cordial breakfast Coffee THis is reported to be the berries of certain shrubs or bushes growing in Arabia and from them into Turkey and other parts it is said of it self to be insipid having neither scent nor tast but being pounded and baked as they do prepare it to make the Coffee-liquor with it then stinks most loathsomly which is an argument of some Saturnine quality in it the propugners for this filthy drink affirm it causeth watchfulness so do both the stinking Hemlock and Henbane in their first operation if unhappily taken into the body but their worse effects soon follow They also say it makes them sober when they are drunk yet they would be alwaies accounted sober persons or at least think themselves so when they can but once sit down in a Coffee-house certainly if there had been any wâ—th in it some of the antient Arabian Physitians or others neer those parts would have recorded it But there is no mention made of any medicinal use thereof by any Author either Antient or Modern neither can it be indued with any such properties as the indulgers of it feed their fancies with but this I may truly say of it Quod Anglorum Corpora quae huic liquori tantopere indulgent in Barbarorum naturam degenerasse videntur But if any one desire to make Coffee after the manner as it is prepared and sold here in Engl. in the publick Coffee-houses it is thus Take a gallon of water and set it in a pot of Tyn or any other Vessel close cover'd set it upon the fire and let it boyl when it throughly boyles put into it a quarter of
by cutting and extenuating and digesting the grosse and tough Flegm therein all the properties before-said of the Elder the Walwort doth perform more strongly and is more effectual in opening and purging Choler Flegm Choler Flegm and Water in helping the Gout Water Gout the Piles Piles and Womens diseases coloureth the Hair black helpeth the Inflamations of the Eyes and pains in the Eares Womens courses hair Eyes ears the stinging or biting of Serpents Serpents Mad-dog Burning or a Mad-dog the Burnings or Scaldings Scaldings by Fire or Water Wind Cholick Wind Cholick and Stone and Stone the cure of all old sores and fistulous Ulcers Vlcers and all other the griefs and maladies before of the Elder specified Thus in general Terms I have given the species nature and vertues of the Elder and Dwarff-Elder with their excellent operations deducted from the Testimony of the best Authors and late admired experience I shall now lay down some more particular and late experienced medicaments composed of some parts of the Elder and appropriated to several diseases in several parts of Mans body For pain in the Head Take the Cake of the flowers of Elder left in the Still after the distillation and sprinkle upon it the Vinegar of the flowers and apply it to the Temples renewing it with sprinkling on fresh Vinegar or you may use Rose cakes be sprinkled with the Vinegar of Elder which is far better for the brain where the heat is more vehement and the brain more sensible Or Take of fresh Elder leaves two handfuls of Roses and waterlilly-flowers of each one handful being cut and pounded pour upon them of Elder Vinegar the water distilled out of the flowers of each a like quantity presse the juice out strongly and mix with it two whites of Eggs well beaten in which dip a double Linnen cloth and apply it to the Head repeating it often This decoction is excellent to dispell the Vapours of the brain and make one sleep soundly if the Legs and Arms be soundly rubbed therewith when you go to bed Take six Umbells of the Elder flowers when they are full of Annise Umbells four of Roman Camomil flowers one handful six poppy Heads with their seeds being cut together beat them in rain water and so apply them The Elder 's remedies again Hypochondriack and flatulent Melancholy In these diseases if the Patient be subject to Vomit it is expedient first of all to provoke it by the oyl of the infusion of the flowers and bark of the Elder lest by preparing and purging medecines those crude and Excrementitious humours which often are gathered in the Stomack be carried to the more principal parts of the body and augment the obstructions Or give of the syrrup made of the juice of the buds and berries an ounce with some grains of the extract of Scammony and three drops of the oyl of Elder-flowers distilled in the distilled water of the flowers thereof Or use this clyster following which will mitigate pain expell wind and loosen the belly Take of Elder leaves two handfulls of Elder flowers and Roman Cammomil-flowers of each an handful of the stones of Elder-berries dryed two drams which being cut and pounded boyl them in good Wine or Wine of the Elder till the colature come to eight ounces add the oyl of the infused flowers three ounces of Elder-honey two ounces the yolk of one egg mix them and make a clyster and inject it hot After this the Wine which is drawn out of the berries and flowers is very profitable for it opens obstructions cuts grosse humors and by degrees carries them off It doth likewise refresh the vital and animal Spirits drink a cupful thereof each morning for a Month taking before a spoonful or two of flesh broth or a soft Egg with these you may also mix once or twice a week the powder of the buds of Elder which is thus prepared Take of Elder-buds dryed in the shade half an ounce of Elder-kernels trochiscated of Sene leaves of Crystalized Elder Salt of each three dams of the extract of Scammony two drams of Galingale and Mace each half a dram being all subtilly powdered distill upon them of the oyl of Cloves and Fennel of each six drops of Cinnamon and Caraway of each three drops let them be mixed exactly in a marble Morter for a powder whose dose is from a scruple to a dram The Trochiscation or preparation of the seeds of Elder is thus Take one ounce of the lesser Esula prepared in infusion in Vinegar and pulverized grossly put it into Spanish Wine and let them macerate eight daies in the Sun or in the Winter in the Chimney-corner the mouth of the glass being well stopt after strain them through gray Paper and purifie them take the clean Arilla's of the Elder-berries dry them pulverize them and with a sufficient quantity of the powder of Esula make them in paste dry it and then sprinkle them with the same infusion and again work it into paste of which form your Troches dry them and keep them for your use The specifick cure of the Epilepsie or Falling sickness from the Elder The Cure of Children To Infants new born before you give them any thing to swallow you may give them with great profit a spoonful of the syrrup of the flowers or juice of the Elder-berries to carry off that putrid yellowish and sometimes blackish water gathered in the Stomack and parts about while the Infant is in the Mothers womb for these syrrups do not only change and evacuate but they also preserve from and resist malignities Macerate a handfull of Elder-flowers well dryed in Wine with which wash the new born babe it consumes the humors gathered about the joints and comforts the members this also is profitable Take of the powder of the buds one dram of the berries of herb Paris Numb 6. powder them very finely of which give half a scruple for 9 daies together in the water of Elder-flowers or in any other convenient Liquor In the Fit the least spoonful of the spirit of the flowers given with three or five of the seeds of Peony excorticated is much commended or of Peony-seeds excorticated of the best Water of Elder-flowers one ounce and an half of the flowers of Linden half an ounce The cure of those that are of age and grieved with the Falling-sickness In the cure of such persons first purge the body very well In the Spring time macerate the bark of the roots of Elder in the Whey of Cows milk which being sweetned with Sugar let him each morning drink an hearty draught thereof or take of the compound powder of the buds two scruples or a dram or take of the new rob of the Elder well thickned with Sugar asmuch as will make a Bolus The Spirit of the flowers and berries of the Elder in and out of the fit is very effectual but it may be made more efficacious in this
manner Take of the middle bark of the Elder of Peony-roots each 6 drams of dried Elder-leaves and buds of Linden tree-flowers of each one handful of the seeds of Rue two drams of the berries of herb Paris Number 20. of Jews-Ears numb 6. This being cut and pounded put asmuch of the Spirit of Elder-flowers thereon as will be a hand broad high above them let them stand eight days in a hot place and in a vessel close stopped distill them in glasse Vessels in Balneo Mariae till they be dry with them mix the distilled Spirits the salt drawn out of its dregs and keep it for the Anti-Epileptick Spirit of the Elder whereof you may give a spoonful to the patient in the time of his fit afterwards using it every quarter of the Moon to dissipate the Epileptick corruption by sweating or insensible transpiration and to strengthen the brain with this same in the time of the fit rub the nostrills Gums and Palate adding thereto a grain or two of Castor The Water of the flowers drawn up into the Nose prevails much against the Epilepsie and Vertigo in the same affects the Eyes and Face are to be washed often with this water in the time of the Fit anoint gently the contracted members with the oyle of the flowers of the first description the oyl of the second sort is much commended to anoint the palms of the Hands and Soles of Feet the Temples and nape of the Neck Of the Apoplexy and Palsie The salt of the Spirit of Elder is much commended as a preservative against these grievous diseases if it be mixed with a third part of the volatile Spirit of Amber and given in the time of the new Moon or full Moon in a convenient liquor in the weight of a scruple or half a dram the salt of the Elder must be first excellently crystaliz'd in the water of Sage Oximel Sambuci is likewise useful in these cold distempers of the Brain whereof give often in Sage water a little before purging for the cutting and preparing that grosse matter The Spirit likewise distilled from the Berries is excellent if once a week or at least each Quarter of the Moon a spoonfull thereof be taken mixt with crums of Wheat-bread and a little Sugar or you may prepare it new in what quantity you please Thus. Take Sage Marjoram Ivy of each two drams Cowslip-flowers Lilly of the Valley-flowers of each one dram and an half of Rocket-seeds two drams which being cut and grossely powdered infuse them in a sufficient quantity of the Spirit of Elder and after eight dayes distil them in Balneo dissolve a little Castoreum in it and strain it of this give the Patient a spoonful in the time of the Fit and with the same rub the Crown of the Head Temples Nape of the Neck and Nostrills But if the Apoplexy end in a Palsey of the sides or other Members as usually it doth or in death 't is necessary to provoke sweat which may be done with two drams of the spirit before mentioned or two drams of the Rob of the berries in Sage water or of the extract of the rob of the Elder five drams and an half of which every morning give to the patient being exactly mixed one dram in two or three ounces of the decoction of the great Burdock and keep him warm to sweat in his bed for half an hour Of Catharrs In this the Wine prepared of the flowers and berries is much commended drink a cupful in the morning after you have taken a litle broth For diseases of the Eares and Hearing For to ease and mitigate pains of the Eares use Fomentations of Elder and Camomile-flowers and anoint the place with the oyl of the infusion of the flowers of Elder To take away the tingling sounding and other noises of the Eares drop in a drop or two of the oyl of the flowers and stop the Eares with Bombace dipped therein and with the decoction of the roots and leaves of the Elder with some Originanum let the Eares be often washed therein and receive the hot sume thereof Of the defects of the Nose and Smelling Water of Elder-flowers often snuffed up into the Nose helpeth the Smelling when it is lost or diminished by any great Cold or sickness and if you wash the Face often with the distilled water of the leaves and flower of the Elder it cleanseth and dryeth up all pimples and pustules of the Face For diseases of the Throat and Mouth The expressed juice of the leaves mixed with Simple or Elder hony doth cleanse and dry very much all the Ulcers of the Gums and Throat they being gargled therewith and outwardly anoint them with the oyl of Elder-flowers by infusion For Hoarseness The new Rob of the Elder-berries which is liquid is with good successe given to Coughing and unquiet Children for older people a Lohoch of the oyl of Elder-Sugar is profitable but where there is much matter and corruption feared this medicament following is profitable Take of fresh Elder-leaves a little dryed in the shadow one handful boyl them in a quart of Fountain water to the Consumption of a third part strain it and sweeten it with Sugar-Candy or clarified hony of which every day morning and evening drink a draught warm To make the Voice clear Take of Elder-flowers dryed in the Sun and pulverized of which drink a little every morning in white Wine fasting if the Cough and Hoarseness proceed from heat in Feavers the syrrup made of the juice of Elder-berries with equal parts of the syrrup of violets is an excellent remedy Or you may make Elder-Sugar in imitation of violet Sugar-Candy Cinnamon or Rose Sugar of which in these pectorall diseases hold some still to be dissolved in your mouth that it may gradatim descend into the Wind-pipe 't is thus made Take of the best Sugar 6 pound let it dissolve and boyle in the fragrant water of the flowers till it come to a fit thickness to be made into tablets then infuse the fresh juice made from the berries well clarified or the frequent infusion of the flowers as you please to have the colour on a soft fire boyl to the consistency of a syrrup then in a glasse or earthen pot put sticks in order two fingers breadth asâ—under and pour the Liquor hot thereon and in a warmed shop the vessel being bound up in a thick Cotton-cloth let it stand to congeal For Swooning and Faintness The Vinegar of Elder-berries imbibed in a Sponge recovers those as it were from death that are subject to Swoonings and Faintings it excellently refresheth the vital Spirits in this also dip Linnen cloaths and apply them to the pulses of the Temples Wrists and near the Ankles Of Agues and Feavers As soon as any one finds a Feaver at first begin to approach let them take of the Rob of the Elder in the Vinegar Spirit or water of the flowers thereof and so in their beds being well covered
almost woody and cutteth blackish within so that it may be very probable that the one sort with the soft white root hath flag-like-leaves and seed also like Iris. The other root which is more slender and black yet of the same fashion may be that which beareth seed like leaves described by Lobel rather to be preserved than for ordinary use with us but both sorts are preserved best while they are fresh and green and the black sort aswel also after it is dryed by steeping it and then boyling it to make it tender but the white sort will not so well serve to be preserved or candied after it is dryed but is best being preserved green Government and Vertues Ginger is a Solar plant it is of excellent use to warm a cold Stomack to help Digestion Digestion and to dissolve Wind Wind both in the Stomack Stomack and Bowels the Indians eat it in Sallads while it is fresh the root being sliced and put among the herbes and it helpeth to mollifie and loosen the Belly while it is moist much of the heat which it hath being dry being abated by the moisture the Candied or Green-ginger is most comfortable to the Stomack and is profitable for all the purposes aforesaid Guiacum Names IT is also called Lignum Sanctum Lignum-vitae and Lignum Indicum Descript The Guiacum that groweth in some parts of the Indies is better than in others yet the wood of all is hard firm close and heavy so that it will sink in water more than Ebony and not swim it is of an hot sharp and resinous tast somewhat burning in the Throat the blacker or browner is better then the yellow being in a manner all heart the yellow being as it were but the sap The tree groweth great with a reasonable thick greenish gummy bark the tree is also spread with sundry Armes and branches great and small and on them winged leaves set by couples one against another which are small thick hard and almost round with divers veines in them and continue always green at the joints and ends of the branches come forth many flowers standing in a tuft together every one on a long footstalk consisting of six small whitish yellow leaves with some threds in the middle which turn into flat yellowish gristly fruit of the fashion of the seed Vessel of Shepherds purse it yeeldeth forth also a gum or Rozen of a dark colour which will easily burn Government and Virtues Mars ownes this tree boâ—h the wood bark and gum are hot and dry and are used for all cold flegmarick and windy humors Flegm Wind Catharrhs Lungs Coughs Teeth and are effectual against the Epilepsie Falling-s ckness Catharrhs Rheums and cold distillations on the Lungs or other parts Coâ—ghs and Consumptions the Gout and all Joint-aches and many other like diseases and to make the Teeth white and firm if they be often washed with the decoction thereof but most particularly it is appropriated to the cure of the French-pox French-Pox by drinking the decoction of the wood and bark which by reason of its heat and dryness is somewhat rough in the Throat it may be mollified by adding Licoris and other proper qualifications There may an extract be made thereof which is not unpleasant to take and most effectual for the French-Pox which is made in this manner Extractum Ligni Guiaci pro morbo Gallico Take of the chips of Guiacum one ounce bark of the same half an ounce let them stand in digestion in Spirit of Wine 15 days separating it so often until all the strength thereof be extracted then evaporate the Spirit by distillation untill it come to the consistence of hony then take this matter while it is hot and cast it into an earthen pan wherein is cold water and it will forthwith coagulate into a substance like Pitch or Aloes This may be formed into pills of the bigness of Pease whereof may given two or three it is a most excellent Sudorifick and Bezo artick remedy which will so mundifie and cleanse the body and whole Mass of blood as that it will suffer no corruption to abide therein it doth wonderfully provoke Sweat and Urine and takes down the great Bellies and Swelling legs of hydropick bodies The dose is from two pills to three or at the most in strong bodies to four drinking after it some water of Carduus Benedictus The ordinary diet drink for the French Disease is thus prepared Take of Guiacum four ounces of the bark thereof one ounce and an half Sarsa-parilla eight ounces Sassafras one ounce China-root sliced three ounces let them stand in infusion hot in Spring water three gallons by the space of 24 hours adding towards the end Raisins of the Sun stoned half a pound Harts-horn and shavings of Ivory of each one ounce fine Cinnamon one ounce and an half Coriander-seeds prepared one ounce strain it and let the patient drink it for an ordinary drink forbearing all other Although this be appropriated chiefly to the cure of the French-Pox yet it is effectual and profitable to be used for the Scurvy Dropsie Jaundies Gout Leprosie old putrified Agues and Feavers and indeed all Chronick diseases An excellent purging Ale may also be here with made effectual not onely for all the purposes before mentioned but for Coughs Consumptions shortness of Breath Tissicks it restores natural heat helps the Memory quickens the senses helps Cramps and Palsies stiches and pains that come of Wind and is good to prevent Miscarriages and opens obstructions of the Liver Reins and Bladder It is thus made Take Guiacum 6 ounces bark of the same one ounce and an half Sarsaparilla half a pound China-root and Sassafras each two ounces Lignum Aloes Coriander-seed Annise and sweet Fennel-seeds of each three ounces Citron peeles two ounces leaves of Colts-foot Ceterach Maiden-hair Sage Rue Harts-tongue Scabious Egremony each one handful Sena and Carthamum-seeds each 6 ounces Rhubarb Hermodactils each four ounces Liquorice three ounces infuse all in 8 gallons of Ale and let it work together adding of the juice of Garden-Scurvy-grasse Water-Cresses and Brook-lime each a pint with two Orenges sliced after it is three daies old drink it a pint in the morning and asmuch at four a Clock in the Afternoon Gum Arabick Names Descript THis Gum cometh forth of a tree called Acacia seu Spina Aegyptia vera the true Acacia Aegyptian thorn or Binding-bean-tree which yeeldeth of its own accord a bright Gum in small curled peeces and greater round peeces if it be wounded which is called Gummi Arabicum and Gum Arabick which being broken is clear pure white and transparent some are very long and large peeces and cleer and transparent but reddish this gum will dissolve of it self in waters and serveth as a glew to stiffen bind and fasten things it distilleth and droppeth out of the tree in bigger or lesser peeces as either issuing forth or helped by slitting the bark and giving it
which together with the Bark and Rinde is to be eaten like an Apple the rynde not being tough nor bitter as the rest Descript 4. The Orange without seeds Malus Aurantia unico grano This only differeth from that Orange with the best sowr juice in having but one grain or seed in the whole juice lying within it Descript 5. The Dwarf-Orange-tree Malus Aurantia pumilio The stock of this Dwarf-tree is low and the branches grow thick well stored with leaves but they are lesser and narrower than the other the flowers also are many and thick set on the branches which bear fruit more plentifully than the former but is lesser than the greater sorts yet as well coloured Place and Time All these sorts of Oranges aswell as the Lemons and Citrons are brought unto us from Spain Portugal Biscany and places adjacent they hold time with the Lemons having their leaves ever green and have on them blossomes green and ripe fruit altogether continually Government and Virtues All these trees and fruits are governed by Jupiter the fruit is of differing parts and qualities the rynde of the Oranges are bitterer and hotter than those of the Lemons or Citrons and do warm a cold Stomach the more breaking away the wind therein and the Flegm and after that the bitterness is taken from them Stomach Wind Flegm Heart Spirits by steeping them in water for sundry dayes and then preserved either wet or dry besides their use in Banquets they are very effectual for the strengthening of the heart and spirits and other vitals the juice is inferiour to those of the Citron and Lemon and fitter for meat than medicine yet four or five ounces of the juice taken at a time in wine or Ale will drive forth putrid humours from the inward parts by sweat and strengthen and comfort the heart the distilled water of the flowers besides the odoriferous scent it hath fit for any perfume Pestilence Feavers moist womb Cough Flegm is good against Contagious Diseases and pestilential Feavers to drink thereof at sundry times it helpeth also the moist and cold infirmities of the Womb the oyntment that is made of the flowers is good to anoint the Stomach to help the Cough and expectorate cold raw flegm and to warm and comfort the other parts of the body Yellow Oranges of Malabar Names Descript and Vertues THis is called Carcapuli and is a great Tree growing in Malabar in the Indies the fruit is like an Orange when the outer pill is taken away which consisteth of sundry lumps of pulp not to be separated as they may be in the Orange whose rynde is thin smooth and shining as gold when they are ripe of a sharp taste and binding quality yet pleasant to the taste and are good to stay Fluxes of all sorts and to refresh the stomach and restore a dejected appetite taken with sowr milk or boyled Rice Stomach Hard labour Mists and Rheums in the eyes The Midwives give it women in hard labour to cause a speedy Delivery as also to expell the After-birth the juice is profitably used to clear the stomach and Mists and Rheums in the Eyes Pepper Kinds and Names THere are several sorts of Pepper as black white and long Pepper called Piper nigrum album longum The black and white Pepper differeth not either in manner of growing or in form of leaf or fruit the long pepper also doth grow after the same manner but differeth in the fruit All these sorts do grow each on a several climing bush in the East-Indies but after one manner that is as Hops do grow with us so that if they be not sustained by some tree or Pole on which they may climb spread they will lye down on the ground thereon run and shoot forth small fibers at every joynt But the usual manner is to Plant a branch taken from the Bush near to some tall tree great Cane or Pole and so it will quickly by winding it self about it get to the top thereof being full of joynts and shooting forth fair large leaves one at a joynt being almost round but ending in a point green above and paler underneath with a great middle rib and four other ribs somewhat lesser spreading from it two on each side and smaller veins therein also unto the edges which are smooth and plain somewhat thin and set on a pretty long footstalk the fruit or pepper it self whether black white or long groweth at the same joynt but on the contrary side opposite to the leaf and not between the stalk and the leaf as some have falsly described it round about a long stalk somewhat thinly set all along thereon or not so thick as a bunch of grapes the root hath sundry joynts creeping in the ground with sibres at the joynts the white pepper is hardly distinguished from the black by the very plants thereof until it come to ripeness for the white and black Pepper do grow on several bushes but that the leaves are of a little paler green colour the grains or berries are white solid firm without wrinkles and more aromatical The long Pepper hath leaves very near to the same form and bigness but a little longer-pointed of a paler green colour thinner also and with a shorter footstalk and not having four so eminent ribs passing from the middle-one as in the other but four or five or more sometimes on each side according to the largeness of the leaf with other smaller veins therein and with lesser acrimony and hot taste than the black the fruit of this also groweth in like manner at the joynts opposite to each leaf which are closer set together than in the black being some greater or lesser shorter or longer than others consisting of many small grains as it were set close together in rowes and not open and separate as in the black and white pepper of an Ash-colour when it is ripe Government and Vertues All the Peppers are under the dominion of Mars and of temperature hot and dry almost in the fourth degree but the white Pepper is the hottest which sort is of much use both with the Indians and other nations The Indians use to chew the leaves spitting it out again as some amongst us do Tobacco and the pepper it self they also chew and from the branch take every grain one after another while they are fresh Pepper is much used with us in meats and sawces which it very well doth if not taken too much at once and comforteth and warmeth a cold stomach consumeth crude and moist humours therein Stomach Wind Bowels Cough Breast Serpents Poisons and stirreth up the appetite It helpeth to break or dissolve wind in the stomach or bowels to provoke Urine to help the Cough and other diseases of the breast and is effectual against the bitings of Serpents and other poisons and to that purpose it is an ingredient in the great Antidotes but the white pepper as being more white
Bryar-ball is often used being made into powder and drunk to break the stone to provoke Urine and to ease and help the Chollick Whites Stone Vrine Chollick In the middle of these balls are often found certain white worms which being dryed and made into powder and some of it drunk is found by long experience of many to kill and drive forth the worms of the belly Rice Descript THis grain or Corn riseth up with a stronger stalk than wheat about a yard high with sundry joynts and a large thick leaf at each of them like unto the Reed at the top it beareth a spiked tuft spread into branches whose blooming is said to be purplish with the seed standing severally on them inclosed in a hard brown straked husk and an Arm at the head of every one of them which being hulled is very white of the bigness almost of wheat Cornes blunt at both ends Names Rice is called in latine Oriza and the Italians call it Rizo the French Rys Place and Time This grain originally was brought out of the East-Indies where in many places it yieldeth two Crops in a year being the chiefest Corn they live upon and not with them onely but through all Aethiopia and Africa and from thence hath been brought into Syria Aegypt Italy c. It delighteth to grow in moist grounds and is a Summer Corn ripe about the middle of Autumn Government and Vertues It is a Solar grain The physical use thereof is chiefly to stay the Lasks and Fluxes of the stomach and belly especially if it be a little parched before it be used and steel quenched in the milk wherein it is boyled being somewhat binding and drying It is thought also to increase seed Lasks Fluxes increase Seed being boyled in milk and some sugar and Cinnamon put thereunto The flower of Ryce is of the same property and is sometimes also put into Cataplasmes that are applyed to repell humours from flowing or falling to the place and is also conveniently applyed to womens breasts Repell humors Inflamations in womens breasts to stay Inflamations therein in the beginning thereof Spanish Safron Kinds and Names I shall describe severally the sorts hereof and therein set down their names Descript 1. The manured Spanish or bastard Safron called in Latine Cnicus sive Carthamus sativus This hath sundry large leaves lying next the ground without any pricks or with very few white ones at the corners of the leaves and divisions among which riseth a strong round stalk three or four foot high branching it self up to the top bearing shorter leaves sharp-pointed and prickly at the edges and at their ends a great open scaly head out of which shoot forth many gold yellow threads of a most orient and shining colour which being gathered in a dry warm time and kept dry will abide in the same delicate colour which it bare when it was fresh for a long time the seed when it cometh to maturity is white and hard somewhat long and round and a little cornered the root is long white and woody perishing yearly after seed time Descript 2. Wild or bastard Safron of Candy Cnicus alter Creticus This hath a thick and long black root from which riseth up one streight round stalk half a cubit high set here and there with long sharp-pointed leaves thick set with prickles at the dents of the edges at the top whereof standeth a scaly head compassed with prickly leaves of the bigness of the Atractylis or distaff-thistle out of which break forth divers thick yellow Safron-like threads thrust thick together a fier which the seed groweth therein being white and as big as the greater Centory-seed Descript 3. Clusius his everliving bastard Safron Cnicus alter perennis Clusâ—i This groweth up with divers hard strong and round stalks without any branches at all from them to the height of three or four foot bearing thereon at several places somewhat large and long leaves dented about the edges of a sad or dusky green colour at the top of every stalk standeth one great close hard scaly head but not prickly at all not so great as the other bastard-Safron never opening the scales of the head as that doth from the middle whereof cometh divers threads yet nothing so many as in the other of a sad blewish ash colour and whitish at the bottom of them the seed which lyeth among the down in those heads is greater than of the other thick and short but not white and in lesser quantity than it The Roots run down deep into the ground and being there increased do run and spread themselves taking up a great deal of room Place and Time The first is generally sown in Spain Italy and other places for the especial use thereof The second Alpinus saith was brought out of Candy the last groweth wild in Spain aswel about Sevil as Cordula and in several other places as Clusius saith These kinds of Safron are called both in Greek and Latine Cnicus and Cnecus and in Apothecaries shops Carthamus of some also Crocus Saracenicus the Arabians call it Kartan the Italians Saffarano Sarasenisco the Spaniards Alacor and Acafran Salvia the Germans call it wilder Safron the French Safron-bastard and graine de Peroquets because they use to feed Parrots with the seed in English wild Safron Bastard-Safron Spanish Safron and Catalonia Safron Government and Virtues These are all Solar the flowers of the first Spanish Safron are much used in Spain and other places to be put into their broths and meats they are also of great use in dying silk into a kind of a Carnation-colour the seed is chiefly used in physick or rather the kernels within the seed which beaten and the emulsion thereof taken in honyed water or the broth of a Pullet and taken fasting doth open the body and purgeth watry and Phlegmatick humours Phlegm Watry humours Chollick Dropsie both upwards and downwards which it also performeth if the emulsion thereof be given in a Glyster and thereby helpeth the Chollick and dropsie and those other diseases that proceed from those humours Being made into a lohoch or licking Electuary with Sugar and honey and a few Almonds and Pine-kernels it wonderfully cleanseth the breast and lungs of phlegm sticking thereon causing it to be spit forth Phlegm Breast Lungs Sperm Voice cleared it clears the voice and increaseth seed by the often use of it but it doth somewhat trouble the stomach and therefore some stomachichal helpers are to be used with it As Anniseed Galanga Mastich or if need be of more forceable Cardamoms Ginger Salgem a dram of the flowers in powder taken in Hydromel or honyed water or in Barley-water helpeth the Jaundise Jaundise a dram of the pulp of the seed taken with an ounce of Syrup of wormwood doth the like also the Confection made of the seeds of it called in Shops Diacarthamum is an especial good medicine to purge Choler and flegm as also to clear and
fluxes from the head and braine Fluxes Head Brain Rheum Catarrhes cold Stomaks Wind Mother French-disease Aches sinews Joints Sores Swellings tetters ringworms Rheums and Catarrhes as also in all cold griefs of the stomack and expelleth wind very powerfully from the stomack and mother It helpeth not only the French disease but all manner of Aches in the Sinews or Joynts all running sores in the legs all flegmatick swellings Tetters or Ringworms and all manner of spots Spots in the Skin and foulness of the skin It is not proper to be given to those whose Livers are over-hot or to such as have Agues The manner of using it is and hath been divers in former times it was used beaten to powder and so drank others used to boyle it so long until it became tender which being beaten or broken was afterwards strained into the decoction making a kinde of thick drink like cream Some others and that most usually boyled it in water to the half or the consumption of the third part as they would have it stronger or weaker and that either by it self or with other things proper for the disease it was intended for and others also put it amongst other things into drink either Beer or Ale new tunned up to drink after it hath stood three or four dayes for Physick-drink for the remedy of those griefs it is conducible unto as aforesaid A dyet-drink with Sarsaparilla for the French-disease Aches pains or any the diseases before mentioned Take Lignum Vitae which is Guiacum nine ounces bark of the same two ounces Sassafras one ounce Sarsaparilla four ounces Juniper-berries one ounce Boyl them in two ounces of fountain-fountain-water to the Consumption of half add to the strained liquor Coriander-seeds four drams Cinamon Liquorish each two drams for an ordinary drink Saracens Consound Descript and Names There have several plants been mistaken and set forth for the true Saracens Consound The true is called Solidago Saracenica vera Salices Folia the true Saracens Consound with willow leaves This groweth very high sometimes with Brownish stalks and sometimes with green and hollow to a mans height having many long and narrow green Leaves snipt about the edges set thereon somewhat like unto those of the Almond or Peach-tree or Willow-leaves but not of such a white Green-colour The tops of the stalks are furnished with many pale yellow star-like-flowers which stand in â—green-heads which when they are fallen and the seed ripe which is somewhat long small and of a yellowish brown-colour wrapped in down is therewith carryed away with the winde the root is composed of many strings or fibres set together at the head which perish not in winter but abide though the stalks dry away and no leafe appeareth in winter the taste hereof is strong and unpleasant and so is the leaf also Place and Time It groweth in moist and wet Grounds by woods sides and sometimes in the moist-places of the shaddowy-Groves as also by water-sides It is rare to be found in England Gerrard saith it groweth by the high-way sides in Essex I have sought many wayes there but could never yet find it In July it is in flower and the seed is soon ripe and carried away with the wind Government and Vertues This singular Wound herb is a Plant of Mars so that he can sure aswell as kill It is of temperature hot and dry almost in the third degree and somewhat binding In Germany it is preferred before all other Wound-herbs being boyled in wine and drunk it helpeth the indisposition of the Liver and freeth the gall from obstructions Liver Gall obstructed Yellow Jaundise Dropsie Vlcers of the Reins Wounds and bruises and for the dropsie in the beginning thereof as also in all inward Ulcers of the Reins or elsewhere and inward wounds or bruises and being steeped in wine and then distilled the water thereof drunk is singular good to ease all gnawing in the stomach or any other pains or torments in the body as also the pains of the Mother Gnawings on the stomach Pains Mother Agues green wounds Old Sores Vlcers Sores Mouth and throat privy parts and being in wine and drunk it helpeth continual Agues This said water or the simple water of the herb distilled or the juice or decoction are all very effectual to heal any green wound or old Sore or Ulcer whatsoever both cleansing them from any corruption is in them and healing them up quickly afterwards the same also is no less effectual for the Ulcers of the mouth or throat be they never so foul or stinking by washing and gargling the mouth and throat therewith and likewise for such Sores as happen in the privy parts of man or woman and is as effectual to all the purposes as are Bugle or Sanicle Sassafras or Ague-tree Descript Names THis Indian tree is called by some Ind ans Pavame of some Winanke but its general name amongst the French Spaniards and all other Nations is Sassafras The tree groweth great and tall bare of branches unto a reasonable height covered with a greyish brown bark somewhat thick in taste hotter and quicker than the wood or root towards the top it doth spread forth many Armes and branches into a round compass or form having large dark green leaves growing thereon one at a place standing on the contrary side each to other tasting like the root but more weakly some cut into three Divisions somewhat resembling Fig-tree leaves but lesser by the half for the most part with a middle rib running through each Division and two others to the inner cuts with veins besides and some with little or no division at all upon them smooth also and not dented about the edges the flowers are small and yellow made of threads very like to the male Cornel-tree and the fruit small blackish berries set in small cups upon long footstalks many clustring together The roots are not very great neither do they grow deep but are covered with the like brownish bark that the trunk and branches are but somewhat redder which are most in use being of more force and efficacy than any other part of the tree and of a spicy taste Place This is brought unto us from the parts near Florida and other places of the West-Indies Government and Virtues This is a solar plant of temperature hot and dry in the beginning of the third degree the decoction is very useful in all cold diseases of the liver and spleen as also in cold rheums and defluxions of the head Liver Spleen cold Rheums on the teeth defluxions on the teeth eyes or Lungs eyes or lungs warming and drying up the moisture and strengthening the parts It is available in coughs Coughs Breast Stomach and other cold diseases of the breast stomach and lungs restrains castings and helpeth digestion Castings Digestion wind gravel Kidneys Vrine Terms Agues breaketh and expelleth wind the gravel and stone in the kidneys and provoketh Urine and womens
paler white colour The flowers stand in the same manner three or four together upon a stalk but are somewhat of a paler white colour to whom succeed sometimes but one and sometimes two pods together which are thicker and shorter than those of the white kind straked all along and double-forked at the ends wherein lie silk and seeds as in the former The roots have not so strong a smell as the last and have aswel as the rest of the Plant a strong smell like Box-leaves Place and T me The two first grow in rough and untilled ground upon divers Mountains in France about Narbone Marseilles and Mompelier and in Italy also The last in Candy They flower in the months of June and July and sometimes not until August and their Cods are ripe about a moneth after the empty husks abiding on the dry branches when the seed and silk is fallen out Government and Virtues These are Solar Plants the roots have a most soveraign faculty against all poysons Poysons Venemous beasts Serpents mad doâ— Plague Pâ—stilence Pâ—ssions of the heart Griping in the Belly particularly against the Apocynum or Dogs-bane and is effectually given to such as are bitten by any venemous beast or stung by any Serpent or other Creature as also against the biting of a mad dog and a dram and an half thereof taken in Carduus-water for divers days together It is taken also in wine every day against the Plague and pestilence a dram thereof taken in Bugloss-water is effectual against all passions of the heart if the same quantity of Citron-seeds be taken therewith it easeth all the griping pains in the belly the Decoction of the roots made with white-wine taken for divers days together a good draught at a time and sweating thereupon cureth the dropsie The same also cureth the Jaundice Jaundice Dropsie Vrine provoketh Urine and easeth the cough and all defects of the Chest and lungs The powder of the roots taken with Peony-seeds is good against the Falling-Sickness Cough Chest Lungs Falling-Sickness Melancholy Worms or with Basil-seed or the rinde of Pomcitron-seeds is good against melancholy and taken with the roots of Dictamnus albus or bastard-Dittany will kill and expell worms of the maw or belly the roots are also used amongst other things for baths for women to sit in to ease pains of the Mother and to bring down their courses the decoction hereof with comfrey roots made in wine Pains of the Mother Courses Rupture Bruises Vlcers Sores is good for those that have a Rupture or are bursten or have received hurts by bruises The powder of the roots or leaves is effectual to cleanse all putrid rotten and filthy Ulcers and Sores and may safely be used in all Salves Unguents and Lotions made for such purposes The leaves and flowers boyled and made into a Pultis and applyed to the hard tumors or swellings of womens breasts cureth them speedily and all sores in the matrix Womens breasts Matrix Tobacco Names Descript IT is called Petum and Nicotiana There have several kinds thereof been planted here in England which they did manure for Smoaking but that is now prohibited I shall only describe one kind which is planted here for its uses in physick and Chirurgery only It riseth up with a thick round stalk about two foot high whereon do grow thick fat fleshy green leaves nothing so large as the other Indian kinds neither for breadth nor length somewhat round-pointed also and nothing dented about the edges the stalk brancheth forth and beareth at the tops divers flowers set in green husks scarce standing above the brims of the husks round-pointed also and of a greenish yellow colour after which followeth the seeds contained in great heads The root is woody byt perisheth in winter but generally riseth of the seed that is suffered to shed it self Place and Time This as is supposed was first brought from Brazile it giveth ripe seed in our Countrey here earlier than the other Indian sorts It flowreth from June to the end of August or later and the seed ripeneth in the mean time Government and Vertues Tobacco is a Plant of Saturn Culpeppers deity of a stupifying quality it is held to be available to expectorate tough phlegm out of the stomach chest and lungs the juice thereof made into a Syrup Phlegm Stomach Chest Lungs worms or the distilled water of the herb drank with Sugar The same also helps to expell worms in the stomach and belly as also to apply a leaf to the belly and to ease the pains in the head or Meagrim Pains in the head Meagrim Stone Gravel Mother and griping pains in the bowels It is also profitable for those that are troubled with the stone in the kidneys to ease pains and by provoking Urine to expell gravel and the stone ingendred therein and hath been found very effectual to suppress the malignity and windy vapours which cause the strangling of the mother The seed hereof is much more effectual to ease the pains of the teeth than Henbane-seed and the ashes of the burnt herb to cleanse the gums and teeth and make them white The herb bruised and applyed to the place of the Kings-Evil is a speedy rememdy as is said It is also said to be effectual to cure the Dropsie Kings-Evil Dropsie by taking four or five ounces of the juice thereof fasting which will strongly purge the body both upwards and downwards And too strongly too unless it be a well steeled body indeed The distilled water is often given with some sugar before the fit of an Ague to lessen the fits and alter them and to take them quite away in three or four times using if the distilled faces of the herb having been bruised before the distillation and not distilled dry be set in hot dung to digest for fourteen days and afterwards hung up in a bag in a Cellar the liquor that distilleth therefrom is singular good to use for Cramps Aches the Gout and Sciatica and to heal Itches Cramps aches Gouts Sciatica Scabs Cankers Lice Green wounds Old Sores Scabs and running Ulcers and foul Sores whatsoever The juice is good for all the said griefs and likewise to kill lice in childrens heads The herb bruised and applyed to any green wound doth speedily heal the same the juice put into old sores doth heal the same A good salve thereof may be made in this manner Take of the green herb three or four handfulls bruise it and put it into a quart of good oyl-olive boyl them on a gentle fire till the herb grow dry and the oyl will bubble no longer adding thereto wax Rozen and sheeps-tallow or Deers suet of each a quarter of a pound of Turpentine two ounces which being melted put it up for your use Some will add to it the powder of round Birthworth and white Frankincense each half an ounce which is to be put in when it is nigh cold and well
thereof for his ordinary drink till he be well If he chance to be burnt with Gun-powder then presently take common salt half an ounce Juice of onyons four ounces mix them together and anoynt the Patient therewith but where the skin is burnt off then use this following oyntment Take two pound of Linseed oyl one pound and a half of oyl of Roses Violet-leaves Mallows Water-Lillies of the Bark of the green Alder-tree House-leek each one handful Porks greese first well washed in waters of Roses and Nightshade as much as is sufficient Infuse all these for the space of six days then boyl them over a gentle fire till the vertue of the herbs be drawn out then strain them and add thereunto white wax as much as is sufficient to make them into an oyntment and if in the boyling you put in one pound of Shoomakers peece greese it will be the better But if the eyes chance to be burnt apply this Remedy red Rose-water four ounces Womens milk if to be had two ounces two whites of eggs and a little Sugar-candy mix them together apply it to the eye or anoynt the Eyelids with this excellent oyntment Take four ounces of Oyl of Roses one ounce of Cerus wash'd in red rose-Rose-water two whites of Eggs one ounce of white wax one dram of Camphire mix them for use But beware in any case you apply not Soap or any such like medicines to any part where the skin is off and if there follow any swelling then apply this Pultis following made of two handfuls of Mallows and two handfuls of Violet-leaves Camomile-flowers and Rose-leaves of each one handful boyl these in new milk or Barley-water till they be soft then stamp them in a Mortar and add thereto the oyntment of Roses and Unguentum Populeum or oyntment of Poplar-buds of each one ounce and a half two yolks of Eggs two ounces of Barley-meal the roots of Marsh-mallows and the seeds of Flea-bane of each half an ounce sometimes you may put in the pulps of these of each two ounces and half an ounce of oyl of Roses with the Crums of white bread You are in the mean time to have regard the Patients body be in good order either naturally or by Art if not naturally administer this Glyster or the like as often as you see occasion Take of Mallows Violet-leaves Pellitory Beets and Mercury Camomile-flowers of each one handful half an ounce of sweet Fennel-seeds two drams of Linseed boyl them in a sufficient quantity of common water to a pint in which dissolve one ounce or six drams or half an ounce according to the nature of your Patient of Diaphenicon or lenitive Electuary or Diacatholicon with butter or oyls with about a dram of common salt Bloud-letting is not to be forgotten you may likewise make the Patient a drink after this manner taking of Egrimony Mugwort Angelica St. Johns wort Mouse-ears of each two handfull Wormwood half a handful Southernwood Bettony Buglos Comfrey the greater and lesser roots and all her Avens both sorts of Plantane Sanacle Tormentil with the roots the buds of Barbery and Oak of each a handful take of all these herbs mixed together three handful boyl them in two quarts of water and a quart of white-wine gently till the third part or one half be consumed strain it and add one pound of Honey being scummed and let the Patient drink of it or you may sweeten it to make it pleasant with boyling Reasons of the Sun stoned pruans or the like with Sugar Now when you meet with any wounded in the head apply a playster of the white of an Egg Bolarmonack and Aloes next day dress it with Arceus his Lineament and lay upon it Emplastrum de Janua or else de Gratia Dei which will perfectly heal the wound But if it be deep you may apply either the above-mentioned or this medicin following which will bring the wound to run with good matter which is made with Venus Turpentine the yolk of an egg oyl of Roses and a little Saffron afterwards you must add honey of Roses and Barley-flower to the former medicine till the wound be perfectly cured But if you find the former medicines not to answer your expectation then make use of this that follows viz. Take two ounces of Venice Turpentine one ounce of Syrrup of Roses Powder of Myrrhe and Mastich of each half a dram mix them together for your use Lastly wholly to close and dry up the wound use this following powder which is made of Burnt Allum and the rindes of Pomgranates burnt of each one dram mix them apply it either alone or mixed with Unguentum desiccativum rubrum But if the wound be very large stich it up first washing the wound with some warm wine then dressing it with Venice Turpentine mixed with a little Aqua vitae dissolving therein some sanguis Draconis i. e. Dragons-bloud Mastich and Aloes let not your stiches be too streight or close together for fear of pain and Inflammations which may happen till the wound comes to maturity or suppuration but only to keep out the air and put somewhat a broad-like tent into the lowest part of the wound that the Matter may have passage forth then apply this following Cataplasm above the other dressing Take Barley and Bean-meal of each six ounces oyl of Roses three drams as much vinegar as will serve to make it a Pultis which doth cool dry repell or drive back and mitigate and asswage pain and inflammation and stayes bleeding If you suspect or fear that the Patient have a feaver let bloud forthwith according to the strength and ability of your Patient daily administring cooling glysters made of Barley-water wherein may be boyled Violet-leaves Mallows and Mercury and such like dissolving syrrup of Violets and Roses pulp of Cassia and such like therein or you may give him a gentle Purge of Electuarium Diacatholicon Electuarium lenitivum or the like an ounce more or less for a Dose according to the strength of your Patient or if he like Pills rather give him Pillulae Cochiae and Pillulae Ruffi of each half a dram mix'd well together let the Patient take three over night and three the next morning if he have a foul body and you see need you may continue them every other day for a week or more as you see cause likewise you may administer suppositories made of honey boyl'd to a due hardness with common salt But if you meet with only a bruised head without a wound then the head is to be shaved applying this following Oyl of Myrtle and the powder of the same of each one ounce the white of an Egg mix it and apply it Or this Pultis instead thereof consisting of flower of Barley and Beans with vinegar and oyl of Roses Dress it twice a day till the part comes to its former temperature if you were not at the beginning then first anoynting it with oyl of wax lay on
Emplastrum Cuminum or the plaister of Cummin-seed But if after all this there remain a tumor or swelling apply Emplastrum de Betonica or plaister of Betony or de Minio or the Red-lead Plaister or take two ounces of Emplastrum de Mucilaginibus or Emplaister of the Muscilages Oxicroceum Emplastrum Meleloti or the Melilot plaister of each one ounce oyl of Camomile and Dill of each two ounces of these make a Cerat or Cerecloath as they call it Or this Three pintes of red-wine commonly such as loches are wash'd with a quart twenty cypress nuts and Myrtle-berries both bruised one ounce of red rose leaves Wormwood Sage-leaves Sweet Mariorum Camomile and Melilot-flowers of each half a handful make a water of them being boyled together dipping flannel cloaths in it wrung hot out and applyed then apply one of the plaisters above The Melilot plaister alone hath been found of admirable effect in Contusions or bruisings If these remove not the tumor then you must see to ripen it asâ—oon as you can which may be done by this medicine made of two parts of water one of oyl with as much wheat-flower as will make it to a Pultis of a good body adding thereto the yolk of an egg Now having brought it to matter it must be opened in the most declining part then if the skul be found dress it with this Syrup of dryed Roses and Wormwood of each an ounce half an ounce of Turpentine Orrice-roots Aloes Myrrhe Mastich and Bean-flower of each one dram mix them according to art If the skul be foul then smooth it with an Instrument called a Raspatory made for that purpose apply this powder thereto Take of Orrice-root Gentian round Birthwort Dittany Barley-flower of each half an ounce Aloes Draggons bloud Myrrhe Mastich Sarcocol of each two drams make a powder for your use After the bone is scaled cure it as ordinary wounds if from a Bruise or Contusion a gangreen should follow which you may know by the hardness of the part when it looks black then you are to Scarrifie or cut the flesh with your Incision-knife or Rasor and apply Cupping-glasses dressing it with Aegyptiacum Spirit of wine and such like till you have secured it from going further then cure it as in other wounds If a wound happen upon the muscles of the Temple either by pricking or thrusting over thwart ways or long ways the two first if deep are dangerous being accompanied with vomi ing convulsion and deep sleeping if it be by a thrust the hair being shaven away dress it with oyl of St. Johns wort compound oyl and Earth-worms upon that apply Paracelsus plaister if over thwart ways stich it dressing it with Arceus his Liniament upon that Paracelsus plaister if the wound be long ways stay the bloud and stich it and apply the foresaid Lineament of Arceus with plaister of Paracelsus If the membranes of the brain be hurt with the brain which seldom falls out without the skul be broken the first Membran being wounded cal'd Piamater the bloud flows with much pain the next to that call'd Dura mater cleavs close to the brain which is under it that they always suffer together There follows foaming at the mouth darkness of sight loss of Reason and Palsey and flux of bloud To stay bleeding use the powders before mentioned and to swage pain use Oil of Roses warm till matter be procured after use equal parts of honey of Roses and Spirit of wine or oyl of Roses till it be digested then to procure new flesh use Syrrup of dryed Roses if there happen an Inflamation joyned with the swelling then open a vein use slender dyet and bathe the part with the decoction of Marsh mallows Linseed Fenugreek Violet leaves and such like after apply oyl of Roses Myrtles or Quinces if the tumor increase open the passage wider in the skul if it come to be fully ripe then open it warily that you touch not the brain after apply honey of Roses and Syrrup of dry Roses if this swelling come from a bruise then use oyl of Roses Honey of Roses or oyl of eggs with Aqua vitae and powder of Orrice root Gentian round Birthwort and the like if congealed bloud be the cause use this Aqua vitae two ounces and a half Saffron in powder one scruple Honey of Roses two ounces and a half Sarcocol three drams mix them over a gentle fire and so use it till blackness be gone if from improper medicines applyed cure it as in a Bruise if from Putrefaction or rottenness which is known by the ill scent of the matter use this medicine Take an ounce and half of Aqua vitae Syrrup of Wormwood and honey of Roses of each two drams oyntment of Aegyptiacum one dram and half Sarcocol myrrhe and Alloes of each one dram White wine one ounce and half boyl all together gently strain them and keep them for your use or take Plantane water one ounce and a half Egyptian oyntment one dram and a half Mercury precipitated one scruple mix them and apply it warm If you shall imagine that the skul of any Patient is broken not touching the membrane of the brain which you shall gather either by sense or reason the first is found out either by the finger of Probe by both which you will feel it rugged only have a care that the Sutures in the head do not deceive you The rational signs are taken diversly as if he fell from on high the person strong or the weapon great that caused the wound its probable the skul is broken if they bleed at nose ears or mouth if they swoon or vomit if he often touch the wound if he raves or falter in his speech be dull weak of judgment and understanding all these are signs of a broken skul If a Feaver happen to the Patient before the thirteenth day in Winter and seventh in Summer it will go ill with him If the skul be blackish most commonly deadly but if the flesh be red the membran called dura mater be of its right colour and he move well his neck and jaws there is hope of his Recovery If the Patient be old if the fracture be upon the fore part of the head called Sinciput or the Temples or Sutures then the case is doubtful Then the first thing you are to do having prepared your Patients body by blood-letting Suppositers glysters and gentle Purges as you shal see cause and your judgment shall direct you is to shave the head an Incision being made after the maner of a cross or letter X take up all to the skul either with a Chisel or your fingers but make not your Incision on the Temporal muscles that done keep it open with pledgets armed with the astringent powders then roll it up the next day if a flux of blood be not feared or upon the skul about the fourth day after wounding if ill symptoms hinder not then upon the
scruples of Saffron in powder two yolks of eggs mix them and make a Poultis or else this following Barley and Bean-flower of each two ounces Camomile and Melilot-flowers of each two pugils one pinte of common washing-lee Elder-vinegar four ounces boyl them to the thickness of a Poultis to which add oyntment of Poplar-buds called Unguentum Populeum Oyl of Roses and Myrtles of each one ounce mix them and when you use them apply it warm having first as you see need anoynted the part with this Linement following Take an ounce of oyl of Roses Oyl of Earthworms Oyl of sweet Almonds Oyl of the yolks of Eggs Mans greese of each half an ounce with a scruple of Saffron finely powdered mix them together and anoynt the part therewith If the Nerve be only pricked which happens sometimes pour in oyl of Turpentine a little Aquavitae upon the part apply Linnen cloaths three or four double dipt in water and vinegar If the Patient continue in pain make cross Incision into the skin and apply this hot which is made of Oyl of Turpentine Earth-worms the yolk of an Egg of each three drams or some other artificial Balsome If the Nerve be cut then it is either long-ways or overthwart if the first use oyntments for asswaging pain as before and upon them Diapalma-plaister moistned with oyl of worms if the latter it is wholly divided and then sense and motion are quite taken away and the Patient feels no pain or in part only and then there follows great pain and the symptoms as when the Nerve is prick'd for cure of which use the method and medicines as before which if they prove not successful then divide the nerve and dress it with oyntments before mentioned that have an anodine virtue that is to asswage pain and so bind it up If the nerve be bruised Use only Oyl of Rue and Camomile if strainned at first apply that plaister laid down in the cure of wounds of the eye and eye-lids afterwards Paracelsus plaister or this following may be profitable Take three ounces of Gum-galbanum being dissolved in vinegar Melilot and Diachylon plaisters both simple of each one ounce and half one ounce of yellow wax half an ounce of Turpentine with three drams of Saffron make a plaister according to art and if there be any hardness if this do not soften and dissolve it apply this Take two ounces of the plaister of Hemlock an ounce of oyl of Lillies two drams of liquid storax mix them together for use Here note that wounds of the nerves are to be considered several ways in the manner of cure for those medicines which you apply to the nerves that are pricked only and not wholly laid open to view ought to be more sharp and drying yet without biting than those which are bare from the flesh and joyning parts which require medicines onely drying If wounds of the Back-bone pierce not to the Marrow but are only in the Muscles dress them as fleshy wounds if in the bones dress them as in wounds of the head if it be in part divided then first pouring in this medicine warm which is made of the oyls of St. Johns-wort compound and the oyl of the yolks of eggs of each one ounce oyl of Turpentine half an ounce with a scruple of Saffron finely powdered and mixt together then let the whole back-bone be anoynted with this following Take of the oyl of Swallows Oyl of Foxes Earth-worms of each one ounce Oyl of Mastich and Castor of each half an ounce mix them for your use and embrocate the head with an ounce of Oyl of Camomile and half an ounce of oyl of Earthworms and such like always applying them warm If the part be much bruised then take of Barley and Bean-flower of each one ounce Fenugreek half an ounce Camomile-flowers Wormwood and Cummin of each two drams the roots of the greater and lesser Comfrey of each one ounce and a half boyling the roots first till they be soft then beat them into fine pulp afterwards put them to the other things and so make a Poultis according to art Wounds of the breast either pierce into the cavity and so wound some of the parts within the same as the heart lungs midriff and the vessels as the vena cava i. e. the hollow vein and the ascending Arterie c. or not if they pierce which is known if you hold a Candle to the part stopping the Patients mouth and nose his breath will come forth with a noise and the flame of Candle will be moved as in a small wind and sometimes quite blown out and if other parts be wounded in piercing they are known by their proper signs as if there gush out much bloud there follow a general trembling over the whole body swooning and cold sweats a very weak and small pulse and if the limbs grow cold the heart is wounded and death is not far off If bloud issue out foamie and froathy the Patient be troubled with a Cough and hath a great difficulty in breathing and a pain in his side which he had not before if he feel a pain on the wounded side yet lyes more at ease when he lyes upon that side and sometimes lying so he speaks in more ease and freedome but turn to the contrary side he presently cannot speak or with great pain and difficulty all these are signs that the lungs are wounded and they are very difficult to be cured If the Patient be taken with raving called delirium Cough and sharp pain with difficulty of breathing and a Feaver trouble the Patient and at some times through vehemency of breathing the stomach and guts are drawn through the wound into the Cavity of the breast all these are signs that the Midriff is deadly wounded If you perceive or understand bloud to be poured forth into the Cavity or hollowness of the breast and breathing difficult Feaver increasing through difficulty of breathing Vomiting bloud at the mouth and afterward the breath stinks and fainting as also the Patient cannot lye upon his back and has desâ—re to vomit and now and then to rise and sit up and thereupon often falls into a sound all these shew that the vessels are wounded and death will ensue Now to assist your Patient as much as you can by art in these wounds of the breast lay your Patient naked in Bed with the wound downwards that the matter may be discharged by his coughing and holding his breath if he feel no weight in the lower part of his breast or be not troubled with spitting of bloud use no tents but drop in Arceus his Linement with Oyl of St. Johns wort compound or some artificial Balsome and upon them apply the Diapalma-plaister But if there was much bloud in the cavity and if it be cast out then use a Flamula dipt in the white of an Egg the greater part hanging out of the wound afterwards use this Injection Take four ounces of
wounds of the Joynts are those of the Shoulder Elbow and Knee in any of which places the Cure is difficult because those parts are subject to receive fluxions and by reason of the productions and Insertions of the Nervs and Tendons by which they are bound together so that these parts being naturally more sensible of the lest pain than other parts they being wounded there follows oftentimes bad symptoms especially if the wound be in the bending of the Arm or Armpits the inward part of the Wrist or the Ham there must nâ—eds follow great flux of blâ—od great pain and other Inflammations and other symptoms by reason of the Veins Arteries and Nervs about those parts all which Symptoms must be resisted according as their nature and condition requires as fluxes of blood must be stayed with medicines for that purpose which are set down oftentimes before Likewise pains must be asswaged with Anodines or things against pain as is often repeated before if the wound be large and wide it is to be joyned together by stiches leaving an orifice in the lower-part by which the matter or quiâ—ture may come forth This following powder is to be strowed upon the stitch or Suture Take Frankinsence Draggons blood Boll-Armonack Sea led-earth of each two drams Aloes and Mastick of each one dram make them into a fine powder and use them Then you must wrap about the joynt this following medicine made of the whites of Eggs Boll Armonack Mastick and Barley-flower with a little of the oyle of Roses if you are necessitated to use a tent let it be short and thick lest it cause pain and let it be armed with this Medicine made of the yolk of an egg Turpentine washed in Plantain-water oyl of Roses and a little Saffron But if the wound be so narrow that the matter hath not free passage you are to make it wider the part must be sure to be kept quiet in rest and ease and you must not use any cold moistning mollifying or unctuous medicines to it unless it be upon necessity to asswage pain But on the contrary you must apply to the part those Medicines that are of a binding and drying quality such as those poultises mentioned in the Cure of wounds of the Nerves and Tendons or this following Poultis Take of Barley or Bean-flower of each four ounces Camomil and Mellilot-flowers of each half an handfull three ounces of Turpentine two ounces of common-honey an ounce of oyl of mirtles with as much Oxymel-simple or Oxycrate that is water and vinegar or common washing-lee as much as will suffice to make it up to the form of a Poultis or you may make a Poultis of the Lees of wine Turpentine Ciprus-nuts Gauls the powder of the Bark of an Oak and wheaten-bran that are of a binding strengthning quality and so are good to asswage pain and to hinder destruction of Humours to the parts This following Medicine is likewise binding and agglutinating Take two ounces of Venice Turpentine the powders of Mastich Allaways Mirrhe Boll Armoniack of each two Scruples and a little Aquavitae Now seeing these wounds are apt chiefly to cast forth mucous excrements and such as are like to the white an egg sometimes thin and watery which preceeds from the old distemper of the part therfore to correct that you must apply things actually hot such as discussing decoctions put into bladders filled half-full and the like moreover there must be special care had of the figure of the wounded part which if not well regarded there follows oftentimes numness incurable contraction and the like though the wound it self be cured up to avoid which danger observe these following Rules If the forepart of the shoulder be wounded the Patient must carâ—y his arm in a scarf and you must put great bolster under his arm-pit if the lower-part be wounded when flesh begins to grow in the wound and the lips thereof come together then let the Patient often stir his Arms every way lest after it is cured it become more stiff and lâ—ss pliable to move any manner of way or for fear of quite losing its motion If the wound be upon the joint of the Elbow then the Arm is to be rolled so that it be not too strait-howed not held out too stifly for otherways after it is Cured there will be some difficulty in stretching out and pulling in his Arm. When the wrist or joint of the fingers be wounded either in the outward or inward part you must keep his hand half shut moving a Ball therein for if the fingers be kept stretched too much out they cannot take up or hold any thing after they are cured If the Joints of the Hip be wounded you must place the Patient so that the thigh-bone go not out of the hollowness of the huckle-bone which may be done with Artificial-rollings and linnen bolsters and the Patient lying upon his back when the wound begins to cure up the Patient shall move his thigh every way so that the head of the thigh-bone may not stick to the cavity of the Huckle-bone so that he cannot move or make use of it When the Knee is wounded that the Patient may not be lame the Leg must be placed and kept strait out The joint of the Feet and Toes being wounded the Patient shall bend these parts neither in nor out for if he doth otherways he will not be able to go If any of the Limbs of the Body should be so mortified that it must be cut off which falls out when if you cut the part you find it senseless black and flaggy-flesh being cold smelling like a dead Carkass and if you suppurat the skin from the flesh there flows from it a Green blackish matter The manner of cutting off such mortifyed member is this Draw up the Muscles and flesh very hard then bind the part two inches above the place which is to be cut off with a strong fillet that done with a sharp Razer or a dismembring-knife made for that purpose being somwhat crooked cut the flesh round to the very bone if this be to be done below the Elbow or in the Leg then you must with your Incision-knife devide the flesh betwixt the Forsiles then with the back of it take away the film or membrane which covers the bone which is called the Periostium then with your Saw take away the bone as near the flesh as you can If the Patient be strong and full of blood you may let it bleed a little afterwards you must stay the flux of blood by Cauterising-irons made for that purpose by which aâ—â—er you have clensed and wiped away the clotted blood from the mouths of the Vessels you must fear them by applying thereto the Cauterising irons once or twice at the most some stay the flux of blood by such powders as this and the like Take six ounces of Tarin Volatil Dragons-blood and Frankinsence of each one ounce Boll Armonack sealed-earth of each
half an ounce Gypsum one ounce and a half two ounces of prepared frogs one ounce of the moss of a dead mans skull two drams of the Hairs of a Hare cut very small the white of an egg dryed in the Sun finely powdered and spunge being dryed or burnt and powdered of each one ounce mix them all finely powdered together Arm four great Buttons made of Tow and moistned in Vinegar and Water with these powders and apply them to the great Vessels upon which apply presently a thick bed made of Tow fit for the dismembred part covered over with the Restrictive then upon that lay on another made after the same manner but made as much larger as will reach an inch or two over round on every side over all these you must draw a bladder binding it near the top with a Ligature an inch broad lay a double linnen-cloth over all these remembring allwayes to have buttons ready to apply to the places where blood appears especially if you doe not use the bladder then bind up the member with Rowllers by which means the flux of blood will be stayed some after they have loosed the Ligature above the Incision apply onely the beds first dipt in water and vinegar after in the whites of Eggs then strowing them over very thick with powder after all apply this Desensative Take Bolarmonack Dragons-blood Mastick Gypsum of each one ounce oyl of Roses and Myrtles of each 1 ounce a half the whites of two Eggs mix all together in a mortar with as much Vinegar as will serve to make it into an Oyntment if the leg be to cut off apply it above knee if the hand then apply it to the Elbow you must remember that your Rollers be all wet in water and Vinegar they must not be stirred unless to renew the defensative till the second or third day The second dressing moysten the dressings which were applied before with stuphs of white wine that they may be removed with more ease then besprinkle the Vessels with restrictive powders laying upon them three or four pledgets dipt in the whites of Eggs armed with the powder then use to the rest of the wound this digestive unguent Take an ounce and half of wax gum Elemie and Turpentine of each one ounce half an ounce of Colophony oyle of sweet almonds oyl of Roses oyl of the yolks of Eggs of each one ounce dissolve them all over a gentle fire and strain them to the straining add a dram of Saffron finely powdered mix the yolk of an Egg with one ounce of this and as much oyl of Roses as will serve to moysten it for your use This is also good in all wounds made by Gun-shot especially as also in all wounds whether bruised or cut or else make use of this following Take three ounces of Turpentine washed in plantain-Plantain-water oyl of Roses and oyl of sweet Almonds of each one ounce half an ounce of Gum Elemy dissolved in the foresaid oyles and strained a scruple of Saffron finely powdered mix them well together to which add the yolk of one Egg for your use you must observe that you are not to dress it until the third day unless pain be much then you must remove your dressings gently if the bed next to the wound stick let it alone to the third dressing you may remove the defensitive every day and annoint the whole part with oyle of Roses or Mirtles using the former oyntments till there be perfect digestion by sprinkling the Vessels to prevent bleeding with the restrictive powders after it is deiested cleanse it with this Take three ounces of Turpentine washed in white-wine powder of the root of round Birth-wort Orrace-root Barley-flower of each half an ounce one ounce of the honey of Roses half an ounce of Aquavitae with two drams of Treacle mix them up for your use You may every dressing endeavor to draw by degrees the skin and muscles together by usesing the dry-stitch that so the bone may be covered sometimes the plaister is loosened by the much flowing of the matter for which use this remedy following Take the roots of round Birthwort hog-fennel and Orrace-root the bark of the Pine-tree and the bark of Lignum vitae of each half an ounce being all finely powdered mix them together strowing it upon the wound once or twice a day as you see occasion This will also cause the bone to scale within thirty or forty dayes if there grow proud flesh either use this following Medicine made of two drams of burnt Allom Lapis Calaminaris burnt-Lead Sereus of each one dram with half a dram of Calcined Viteral make a powder of them or else apply Vnguentum Aegyptiacum hot lay another pledget upon it and dress it up use onely dry lint the next dressing by which means the sensibleness of the wound will be taken away also afterwards siccatrize or skin the wound with red deficcative oyntment called Vnguentum desiccativum rubrum or Diapompholeges or the like if the Fingers and Toes are to be taken away it is best done with Chisels or cutting mullets so cure them up as before according to Art OF FRACTURES AND Broken-bones THus much for wounds may suffice Now I think it convenient to say something of Fractures or Broken-bones the which are known by comparing the parts together you finding them unequal and the Patient cannot move in the Members in handling the part you will hear a noise there sometimes happens that they are broken overthwart which you may know by the distance between the ends of the broken-bone and where they are broken you may perceive a hollowness more then ordinary sometimes the bones are shattered into many pieces then there follows a pricking pain and in handling of it you will hear as it were a crackling but if the part be very much thicker than ordinary then the bone is broken length-wayes Lastly somtimes it is broken obliquely in curing of all which the first thing you are to doe is to restore the bone as exactly as you can to its natural form which may be performed if the bone be broken but little by the Chirurgion himself otherwise there will be need of two for extending the member which must be done by little and little with as little pain as possibly can be so reducing it to its natural place the Mate or Assistant extending the member the Chirurgion with his fingers shall put the broken bones in its right place which being done lay a plaister upon the place about six inches or so broad as will cover more then the Fracture three fingers breadth both above and below afterwards apply your Splints being well armed with Linnen or Tow so near one another as may be the space of a Splint between every one which must not be too long lest it gaul the joints then you are to tye the splints on gently with tape not too hard which besides the Patients complaint may produce sad accidents as Gangreens and
not too slack for then the broken bones will not well joyn together upon your splints use your junkes made either of straw or bents which are to be tyed on with filletting putting bolsters into the hollow places All which being done you are to lay the member in a soft place letting it lye reasonable high to keep humours from flowing see the Patient have every day a stoole either by Nature or Art open not your first dressing till after six or seven dayes unless pain or other symptomes force you to it then you are to open it to give ease and hinder other accidents and so to bind it up again as before till fourteen dayes then you may renew your plaister and when in applying your plaisters you find a hard fleshy substance call'd a Callus to increase too much and bunch out you are to keep it down by straight rowlling and a plate of lead laid to the part if you shall perceive that the bones will not naturally join-together for want of the said Callus to confirm and agglutinate them then you must use artificial means to procure the Callus such as every three or four dayes to foment the member with hot water keeping a plaister of â—itch to the broken part If there be a wound with the fracture you must so order your business that you leave a way to dress the wound and not unbind the member but keep it firm and steady which may be done after this manner Taking strong clothes that may but little more then come round the part being three or four double the edges of which are to over-meet at the wound then with filtring in convenient places tye on your splints which are to be made of such as they make sword-scabbards of then dress the wound either with Liniment of Arceus mixt with oyl of St. Johns wort compound or else with this unguent following If the bone be fowl made of syrrup of dryed Roses and Turpentine of each two ounces powder of the Orrice roote Aloes Mastick and Barley-flower of each half a dram incorporate them into an unguent the Thigh being broken commonly knits in fourty or fifty dayes the Arm requires not above thirty or fourty the broken member being subject to slip aside by turnings and the like you are to view it often which you may know by the Patients complaining a fresh of pain and the unevenness of the part The accidents which may happen to broken bones and which you are to consider of and seek to remove them are first pain which if it proceed from too hard binding which will cause a swelling and the like then you are to slacken the binding if it come from a flux of humours cure it as an inflammation if it come from a pricking of the bones which the Patient will resolve you if you gentle touch the part then you must either put them into their places or take them quite away but if it come from the placing the part ill at ease you must needs remedy that by putting it into a better and more easie posture after which you are to overcome by blood-letting cooling Juleps or such like made of common water boyld or Barley water sweetned with Sugar and the juice or syrrup of Lemmons boyling in the water a little Cinamon Sometimes there happens an inflammation sometimes a Gangreen for both which you have had choice of remedies before sometimes itching and gaulings happen which are caused from the flowing of the matter for the which after having first dryed the part clear apply spread upon Paper the white oyntment with Camphire unguentum tripharmacum oyntment of Roses and the like Lastly if the member fall away which may happen either by too spare a dyet or too long binding of the part you are to help the Patient in both these by using good nourishing dyet and comfortable things to draw it to the part by fomenting it with warm water and the like annointing the part with unguentum resumptivum emplaster of Oxycroceum and the like where note that in fractures it is a good sign if the Ligatures or binding be loose on the third or fourth day And if you see the broken stand forth your are to rowl it streighter with bolsters and splints and when on the seventh or eighth day the Symptoms shall be past you may venture to bind the part streighter Lastly remember and consider that the Thigh being broken requires great care in as much as may be that it be kept in its proper posture by reason the bone of it self is naturally bowing and that which hath been said in general may serve for Fractures in the Arms and Leggs We have before spoken of the Fractures of the Scull and Nose now when the Jaw-bones are broken you must restore them by putting your finger into the Patients mouth and on the outside with the finger close them smoothly together if the Teeth be shaken and loose put them to the right places tying them with a thred to the sound Teeth if you see occasion you must devide your splints at the chine and these to be made of Leather such as they sole shooes wiâ—h your Ligatures must have four ends and be made two fingers broad Two of the ends of the Ligatures must be fastned to the crown of your Cap the other two ends must be fastned to the hinder part of the Cap to the nape of the neck you may know when it is well set when the teeth are in order when these bones are broken you will have occasion to administer purges to your Patient by reason of the flux of Humours unless there happen inflammation the bones joyn or knit together within twenty dayes you are to feed the Patient with water-grewel and liquid things for he must have nothing hard to chew If the Coller-bone be broken athwart it is more easily put into its place than if it were broken longwaies In putting these bones or any other into their place have alwaies a care that the bones lie not one over another then drawing the shoulder forward and the arm backward you may that way put the bones into their places or else put a bottom of yarn under their Arm-pits so forcing the arm down to the Ribbs you may restore them or else lay a Tray with the bottom upwards under the shoulder having a Rugg or Blanket or some such thing over it or a pillow stuffed hard so pressing down the shoulder till you see the bones fly out then you may restore the broken bone or else setting the Patient on the ground cause your mate or Assistant to set his knee behind over-against the broken place and he putting the shoulder to him you may put the bones in the right place Here you must take notice that if there be any splints to cause pain or difficulty of breathing as they will doe if the Ribs be splintred then you must open the skin if you cannot well restore them cut off the sharp
points or else cut them quite off if there be many Splinters after you have restored them try to knit them together with a medicine made of Wheat-flower Dragons-blood Bol-armonack Frankinsence all made into powder mixt with the white of Eggs and ther apply it putting splints thereupon covered with soft linnen rags armed with the same Medicine and then lay a bolster dipt in the same upon each side and one thicker then the other upon the place that is broken and bunches out to keep it so then roll the part with the roller of a hands breadth and two els and a half long cross wayes filling his Arm-pits especially that next to the broken-bone In rolling drawing his arm somewhat backwards and do not unroll until the seventh day unless necessity urge The Shoulder-blade may be broken either in the ridge thereof which may be perceived by an unequality being compared to the other sound part or else may be broken on each side and then there is a Cavity or Hollowness to be perceived or else it may be broken in that part where the shoulder is knit and joyned together to it here if the splints or fragments stick to the bone and doe not prick the flesh they are to be restored to their former state and place and so kept with the glutinating Medicines and such as beget the substance called a Callus as hath been before mentioned and rollers and bolsters fit for the purpose But if the fragments doe not stick fast to the bone and prick the fleshy parts about them and so cause ill symptoms then cut open the flesh and with your Forceps or Crows-beak or such like instrument and so take them out yet they are not to be taken out though you may move them up and down if they stick fast to the membran Concerning the bone called Periostium and the Ligaments prick not the Muscles so cause not pain for it may come to pass that they may grow to the bones adjoyning But if they be wholly parted and stick not to the Periostium then they must be plucked away unless you conceive that Nature will be strong enough to drive them forth of it self those fractures that happen in the neck of the shoulder-blade or joining of it to the shoulder are seldom recoverable by reason of the many large Vessels as the Axillary-vein and Arterie and Nerves about this place which are subject to Inflammation and putrifaction whence grievous symptoms and oftentimes death it self insues by reason of the neerness and communication of the heart and other principal parts these bones usually knit together within four and twenty dayes space The Breast-bone is sometimes broken sometimes prest-in onely without being broken if you perceive an inequality by your feeling the bones crackling at the thrust of the finger it shews the bone is broken but a manifest hollowness in the part as spitting of blood Cough difficulty of breathing argue the depression of the bone only sometimes both for restoring of this Bone whether it be broken or depressed or thrust in onely without being broken you must order such Patient after the same manner as in fractures of the Coller-bone pressing the Ribs on both sides and so set the bone with your hand to the part apply formerly described fitting Medicines to asswage pain with bolsters fastned thereto with a Ligature made cross-waies above the shoulder being not too straight lest it hinder the Patient from breathing The Ribs may be broken either inwardly or outwardly the first is deadly the latter is discerned as well by uneveness of the part as noise in touching to restore which those which are inward let the Patient lye upon his sound-side apply this following plaister to the broken part Take one ounce of wheat-flower half an ounce of Ising-glass being dissolved in Scabies and poppy-Poppy-water powder of Mastick Frankinsence Dragons-blood Gypsum and Farena Volatil as much as will serve to make a plaister being boyled to a good substance in Red-poppy-water apply this hot spread upon a strong cloth with two strings fastned in the middle pull it off quickly and with great force after it hath laid on a good while so that the Rib with your plucking may come to its former place this is to be done so often till he find himself better and breathe freely and with more ease then anointing with oyl of Roses apply that Pultis till the eighth day spoken of at the beginning of the cure of Fractures if there happen a swelling it must not be neglected but resolved with such fit Medicines as this and the like Take Barley and Bean-flower of each two ounces the flower of Cammomil Mellilot Elder of each one ounce boyl them in sufficient quantity of water when they are boyled enough put to them oyle of Cammomil and Roses of each one ounce if the swelling cannot be made to vannish with this or the like medicine but it shall come to apostumate then it must be speedily opened lest the matter contained within the Aposthume rot the bone afterwards cure it according to art But if the pricking continue and so cause pain and inflamation cut open the flesh as before and take out the fragments and cure up the wound as you have heard often before The Back-bones are sometimes broken sometimes bruised or strained on the inside whence it comes to pass that the membrans which encompass the marrow of the Back-bone and sometime the marrow it self being oppressed there follow many malign symptoms as Palsie numness of the Arms Legs Fundament and bladder which quite take away or else diminish the faculty of feeling or moving so that their urine and excrements come from them without their knowledge or will or else they are wholly stop'd which when it happens because the marrow of the Back-bone is hurt you may fore-know that death is at hand After you have so prognosticated you may cut open the flesh to take out the splinters of the rack bones of the back which if you cannot do you shall at leastwise apply such medicines as are sit for asswaging pain and hindring Inflamation then put the broken bones into their places and so keep them by applying two pieces of wood of four fingers long and one fingers thickness more or less wrapt in linnen cloaths one on each side of the broken rack bones of the back and so with your hands press them against the broken bones till you put them again into their proper places if the processes or bunchings out of the rack-bone of the Back be only broken you shall put the fragments into their places unless they be quite parted from their periostium or membran that covers them If they be open the skin and take them forth then heal the wound according to art After the same manner are fractures of the Os sacrum or holy bone to be ordered Fractures of the Rump-bones are to be put in their places by putting your finger into the Patients Fundament