warm strain it clear and hot into a silver dish and add a pound and half of fine Sugar the dish standing upon hot coals let the liquor be fired and while it burns stir it and strain it through woollen and keep it for use Syrup of Turneps Take Turneps sliced and fine Sugar of each half a pound put them in a glased pot a lay of Turneps and a lay of Sugar the pot being covered with paper put it into an oven to bake with the bread when it is taken out press the liquor and keep it for use the dose one spoonful morning and evening Syrup of Snails Take fresh Snails with their shells n. xl cleanse them with a linen cloth afterwards each being run through with a bodkin let the open shell be filled with powder of Sugar-candy and being put in a linen bag let them be hung in a cellar it will dissolve into a Syrup and drop into a glass vessel set under it the dose one spoonful twice or thrice a day in a convenient vehicle viz. Milk-water or pectoral Decoction 2. 3. Linctus's and Lohochs Take of conserve of red Roses three ounces Linctus's of our tincture of Sulphur two drams mix them in a glass mortar the dose the quantity of a Nutmeg evening and morning To this sometimes to appease a troublesom cough add from half to a dram of powder of Olibanum Take conserve of red Roses four ounces Lohoch flour of Brimstone four scruples fine oyl of Turpentine a dram powder of Fox-lungs three drams syrup of the juice of Ground-Ivy as much as will suffice to make a soft Lohoch to be taken after the same manner viz. morning and evening also to be licked at other times with a Liquorish-stick Take powder of Sugar-candy four drams tincture of Sulphur two drams mix it in a glass mortar take it after the same manner In the place of Tincture of Sulphur may be administred other balsamic Tinctures viz. Balsam of Peru Opobalsamum Gum of Ivy Guajacum Amber with many others which either may be mixt with Conserve of red Roses or with the Conserve of the flowers of Colts-foot or with Sugar-candy 4 5. Tinctures and Balsams of the same nature and composition but in a larger Dose are convenient in a Phthisis which we have above prescribed for a beginning Cough Take of Tar an ounce Lime-water thrice cohobated two pints distil it in a Bath to half Tinctures afterwards being filtrated let it be drawn off to the consistence of Honey in Balneo to which pour half a pound of tincture of salt of Tartar let it digest in a close glass to extract the tincture the dose from 20 drops to 30 in a fit vehicle After the same manner is prepared the tincture of the black oyl of Soot liquid Amber liquid Storax and many others Take of our prepared Sulphur an ounce adding Mirrh Aloes and Olibanum in treble quantity draw off a tincture with oyl of Turpentine also with rectified spirit of Wine dose from 15 drops to 20. 6 7 8. Troches Lozenges and Powders because they chiefly respect a Cough are almost of the same nature and composition with those before-described for a new Cough unless that for the drying and healing of the Lungs things sulphureous and Vulneraries are required in a greater proportion Take powder of the leaves of Ground-Ivy a dram flour of Brimstone two drams Troches of Sugar penids a dram and half with juyce of Liquorish dissolved in Hysop-water make troches of the weight of half a dram Take of Yarrow bruised and dried in the Sun half a dram flour of Brimstone Olibanum Powder of each a dram powder of dried red Roses half a dram Sugar dissolved and boiled to a height six drams oyl of Aniseeds a scruple and half make Lozenges of half a dram weight take one three times or oftner in a day and especially evening and morning 9. Pills Take a pint of the juyce of Ground Ivy clarified in the Sun flowers of Colts-soot dried Pills the tops of Hysop Sage Pennyroyal each a handful Aniseed Caraway-seeds sweet Fennel-seeds bruised each half an ounce distil them in Balneo Mariae to half strain it and distil it to the consistence of Pills by adding half a dram of juyce of Liquorish powder of Elicampane flour of Brimstone each three drams flowers of Benzoin a dram Balsam of Peru half a dram tincture of Sulphur three drams tartarizated Laudanum two drams make it into a mass and form it into small Pills to be taken three or four evening and first in the morning 10. Decoctions as I have above prescribed for a stubborn Cough Decoctions are used with success against a beginning Phthisis In a case almost desperate I have prescribed the following Decoction to be taken twice a day and also instead of ordinary drink with very good success Take Lignum vitae four ounces China Sassaphras each two ounces of all the Sanders each an ounce shavings of Ivory Harts-horn each three drams infuse them and boil them in twelve pints of spring-Spring-water to half adding Liquorish an ounce Raisins stoned four ounces strain it 11. Distilled Waters such as we have before prescribed are specific here Distilled Waters whereto may be added Solenander-water of Hogs blood and Turpentine also Balsamic Waters distilled from Turpentine with Pectoral Ingredients Take leaves of Ground-Ivy white Horehound Hysop Pennyroyal each three handfuls root of Elicampane Orris of Florence each two ounces Turpentine dissolved in Oyl of Tartar four ounces hysop-Hysop-water four pints Malaga-wine two pints distil them in a sand Bath let all the liquor be mixed the Oyl separated the dose two or three spoonfuls twice a day with a spoonful of Syrup of Ground-Ivy 12. In the last place we must describe the forms of Vapors and Fumes Fumes and Vapours the administration whereof doth use to profit more than any other remedies in a Phthisis not yet desperate for that they arrive at the very Lungs and so purge them by an immediate affect dry them and keep them from putrefaction strengthen and open all their passages 1. Therefore a moist steam may be made after this following manner Take leaves of Hysop Ground-Ivy white Horehound each two handfuls Formules of the former Elicampane two ounces Calamus aromaticus half an ounce Aniseeds and Caraway-seeds each an ounce boil them in a sufficient quantity of spring-Spring-water let the vapor of the hot strained liquor be drawn by the lungs through a paper rolled up like a cone or funnel and used morning and evening for a quarter of an hour 2. A fumigation or dry vapour is made one while more mild out of meer Balsamics another while more strong out of Sulphurs and sometimes out of Arsenicals Take of Olibanum Forms of the more gentle Fume white Amber Benzoin of each two drams Gum Guaici Balsam of Tolu of each one dram and half powder of red Roses and red Sanders of each one
is lest the spirits should saint be closed with the finger when again it is opened the blood pure enough will issue next but the bad sliding by if there be any remaining will not return presently to that orifice Besides Phlebotomy many other remedies viz. whatsoever do repress the trugency of blood and empty the passages thereof whereby the morbific matter may be suckt up are here to be used Wherefore a very thin diet is prescribed for the most part meerly of Barley and Oats and if Cathartics are altogether prohibited because they disquiet the blood and hurry it more impetuously into the part affected notwithstanding Clysters which gently loosen the Belly and draw the recrements of the blood towards the Belly ought to be daily used Moreover Juleps and temperating Apozemes which bridle the fervor of the blood and draw out the superfluous serositles thereof and which also do gently open the passages of the Breast are taken with success 3. The third intention of healing The third intention of healing is that the clamminess or viscosity of the blood may be taken away which respects the withdrawing of the clamminess or obstructing viscosity of the blood is altogether to be performed by remedies which unloose the frame thereof being too much bound and dissolve the coupling together of its salts And truly the remedies of this kind which in this respect reason and analogy would dictate are now received into use by long experience For Powders of Shell-fish the Tooth of a Boar and the Jaws of a Pike and other things endued with an Alkali Salt also Sal Prunellae for the most part are prescribed by all Practitioners as well modern as ancient I have more frequently known the Spirit of Salt Armoniac and of Harts-horn to have yielded notable relief in this disease and for the same reason it is viz. because the volatile Salt is useful that the infusion of Horse-dung though a common remedy affords oftentimes singular help 4. As to the Symptoms and their Cure 4. That the most urging Symptoms may be helpt very many remedies appropriated to these fall in together with the former for against the Feaver the same Juleps and Apozems which appease the heat of blood and withal recreate the animal spirits are of most common use to which besides in respect of the Cough and difficult breathing temperate pectoral Remedies are added The great difficulty is what ought to be exhibited against want of sleep when it shall grievously oppress for Opiates because they do further prejudice the breathing which in this disease is already hindred are scarce safely administred nay sometimes become mortal Wherefore Laudanum and the strong Preparations of Opium are to be shun'd in a Peripneumony worse than a Dog or a Snake nevertheless Anodynes sometimes and mild Hypnotics as water and Syrup of red Poppies are not only allowed but accounted specific remedies in this disease and in a Pleurisie but sometimes it will be expedient to use Diacodiates as long as strength endures and as long as the Pulse is strong and good enough For the pain of the breast if at any time it be troublesom it is expedient sometimes to apply Liniments Fomentations and Cataplasms The second curative inoication The second indication respects the maturation and expectoration of the morbific matter whose intentions are to digest the matter impacted in the Lungs if it cannot be discussed or suckt up and to throw it out by spittle requires ordinary maturating and expectorating Medicines both which notwithstanding ought to be temperate that is to say such as asswage thirst and appease the feaverish heat rather than exasperate it We have above recited in the Chapter of a Cough the kinds of these sorts of Remedies properly called Pectorals the more select Receipts and chiefly accommodated to this affect shall be annexed here beneath The Forms of Remedies 1 2. The Medicines conducing to the first and second intention are prescribed according to the following Forms Take the water of Carduus Mariae ten ounces Juleps red Poppies three ounces Syrup of the same an ounce Pearls prepared a dram make a Julep the dose six spoonfuls every fourth hour Take water of black Cherries Carduus benedictus Balm each four ounces powder of a Boars tooth a dram Syrup of Violets ten drams make it into a Julep to be taken after the same manner Take Grass roots three ounces Apozemes shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn each three drams Raisins stoned an ounce and half Liquorish two drams boil them in Spring water from three pints to two to the strained iquor add Syrup of Violets an ounce Sal prunella a dram make an Apozem to be taken thrice a day about three or four ounces For the same intention Purgation viz. that the Vessels being emptied may withdraw the nourishment from the disease or sup up the morbific matter a Purge is prescribed by many In the Practice of the Ancients against this disease even as against many others after Phlebotomy Preparatives and Purgatives were usually appointed in a constant course and of late the Chymists with greater boldness do recommend Vomits and in a Peripneumony prefer it to all other remedies Yea Phlebotomy being omitted or countermanded they place the chief Cure in stibiate Vomits than which rash advice of theirs I know not any thing may be thought of more pernicious Indeed in rustic and robust bodies sometimes this Cure has been effected without danger notwithstanding for the most part no less unsuccessful but in tender constitutions it ought to be reckoned little inferior to poyson But for what respects Purgation although it may not be presently convenient from the beginning because it is then for the most part prejudicial nevertheless the flowing of the morbific matter being finished and the effervescency of blood being appeased we may safely and gently evacuate the body with a loosning Purge Take of the decoction of Senna of Gereon four ounces Purges syrup of Roses solutive an ounce mix them for a Potion Or Take the best Senna three drams Cassia and Tamarinds each half an ounce Coriander-seed two drams boil them in a sufficient quantity of spring-Spring-water to six ounces to which strained add syrup of Violets an ounce clarified with the white of an Egg and let it be given Purgatives are not always to be exhibited nor ever unadvisedly in this disease but frequent Clysters and almost daily are in use but let them be gentle and emollient only which easily loosen the belly without any great agitation of humours or blood For this purpose Milk or the Whey thereof is often convenient with red Sugar or syrup of Violets Or Take the leaves of either sort of Mallowes of Melilote of Mercury of each one handfull Linseed and sweet Fennel-seeds of each half an ounce sweet Prunes Clysters numb vi boyl them in a sufficient quantity of spring-Spring-water to a pinte to which adde syrup of Violets one ounce Sugar ten drams sal
Prunella one dram make a Clyster 3. Medicines for the third intention Things dissolving the clamminess of the blood viz. for the dissolving the Clamminess of the Blood are wont to be administred in form of a Powder of a Spirit a Potion or of a Bolus according to the manner following 1. Powders Take of Crabs eyes two drams sal Prunella one dram and half pearl'd Sugar one dram Powders make a powder for 6 doses one to be taken every sixth hour with a proper Julep or Apozeme Or Take of the Tusk of a Boar or the Jaw of a Pike of Crabs-eyes of each one dram and half flowers of Salt Armoniack Powder of red Poppy Flowers of each half a dram mix them for 4 doses 2. Spirits and Chymical Liquors Take of spirit of salt Armoniack distill'd with Olibanum 3 drams Spirits the dose from 12 drops to 15 or 20 three times in a day Or Take Spirit of Vrine or Soote after the same manner three drams Take of the sweet Spirit of Nitre viz. often cohobated with Spirit of Wine 3 drams the dose from 6 drops to ten after the same manner Take half an ounce of Spirit of Tartar dose 15 drops to 20 or 25 in a fit vehicle Take of the simple mixture one ounce the dose is one scruple to half a dram after the same manner 3. Potions Take of carduus-Carduus-water one pound fresh Horse-dung 3 ounces dissolve it warm Potions and filtre it the dose is 3 or 4 ounces twice or thrice in a day with half an ounce of Syrup of Violets or red Poppyes Take of the Leaves of Dandelyon two handfuls bruised and infused in half a pound of Cardnus Mariae water Treacle-water half an ounce press it out and adde powder of Crabs-eyes one dram take 4 or 6 spoon-fuls three times a day The fourth intention of Healing in respect of the symptomes greatly urging The cure of the Symptomes doth suggest divers sorts of preparations of Medicines 1. In respect of the Feaver the Juleps and Apozemes above recited are convenient Moreover the use of Mineral Crystal ought to be frequent 2. For the Cough and difficult Breathings Linctus's Eclegma's and Decoctions or pectoral Juleps are administred with success Take of Syrup of Jujubes of Maiden-hair of each one ounce and half Linctus's of Violets one ounce flowre of Nitre one scruple make a Linctus to be lickt now and then Take of syrup of Marsh-mallowes one ounce Diacodium red Poppyes each half an ounce powder of Crabs-eyes two scruples make a Lohoch to be taken the same way Take Syrup of Hyssop of Liquorish of each one ounce and half red Poppy-flowers powder'd Lohochs one scruple Crabs-eyes one dram Lohoch de Pino 6 drams make a Lohoch take the quantity of a Nutmeg four times or oftner in a day Take the roots of Grass Chervil Marsh-mallows of each one ounce An Apozeme Figgs numb 4. Jujubes and Sebestens of each numb 6 Raisins one ounce Liquorish three drams Barly half an ounce boyl them in three pints of spring-Spring-water to two strayn it the Dose three or four ounces Take Raisins stoned one ounce and half Filberds numb 4. cut Liquorish sliced 3 drams of hyssop-Hyssop-water a pound and half infuse them warm in a closed Vessel 6 hours strain and adde Syrup of Marsh-mallows an ounce and half make a Julep the dose is 3 or 4 spoonfuls often in a day swallowing it by degrees 3ly Against Watchings Against Watchings Take poppy-Poppy-water 3 ounces Syr. of red Poppies 6 drams Aq. Epidemica 2 drams for a draught to be taken at night If the Pulse be strong and the strength agreeable Take cowslip-Cowslip-water 3 ounces syrup de Meconio half an ounce for a draught at night 4. If the pain be troublesome about the place affected For Pain Take Oyntment of Marsh-mallows two ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds an ounce and half mingle them for a Liniment to be applyed with thin Lawn-paper Take of Oyntment of Marsh-mallows and pectoral Oyntment of each an ounce and half Linseed Oyle fresh drawn one dram to which adde the Plaister call'd Emp. de Mucilaginibus make a Plaister for the Region of the breast to be applyed on the place affected Fifthly For the last intention of curing which answers to the secondary Indication and prescribes Medicines ripening and expectorating the following forms are convenient Take Linseed Oyl fresh drawn three ounces Maturating medicines Syrup of Violets two ounces hyssop-Hyssop-water half a pound mixe them in a Glass take two or three ounces three times in a day shaking the Glass first Take powder of Olibanum one dram put it into an Apple made hollow and roast it in hot Embers let him eat it at night repeating it three or four times Take Oyl of Almonds fresh drawn Expectorating Medicines Syrup of Maiden-hair of each an ounce and half Sugar-Candy two drams stirre them well in a Glass-mortar untill they are perfectly mixt make a Linctus to be taken often in a day with a Liquorish stick also let a spoonfull be taken three times a day in a draught of Posset-drink As to the rest Remedies prescribed against a beginning Consumption do also profit in this case It would be easie to heap up here many Histories and Instances of Patients affected with a Peripneumonie but whereas the same order and figure of the disease and the same reasons of the Symptoms are almost in all it suffices here to note one or two Examples only The first History And while I was writing these things I am sent for to a Patient grievously sick with a Peripneumonie He was aged about Fifty years lean in body and of a cholerick temper by taking cold he fell into a Feaver with a Cough with pain of the Breast and difficult breathing when he had laboured thus four dayes without any remedy or physical administration I found him in a notable Feaver with thirst and a huge inflammation of the Precordia breathing very difficultly with labour of the Thorax and painfully with a noise of the Bronchia insomuch that he seemed evidently in the very Agony of death His Pulse being strong enough although quick and disturbed I immediately prescribed Phlebotomy to eight or ten ounces by which when he received a little relief after three hours intermission a Clyster being first administred I ordered him to repeat his bleeding to twelve ounces Moreover I ordered Spirit of Harts-horn to be given twelve drops every sixth-hour with an appropriate Julep and in the distance between I ordered a dose of the following Powder to be administred Take powder of Crabs-eyes sal Prunella of each one dram and half Pearles a dram Sugar-Candy two scruples make a powder to be divided into 8 doses Moreover he took as often as he pleased a draught of a pectoral Apozeme By the use of these within three hours all the symptoms began to abate and the night following he sweat and slept a little the day
taken Tincture of Antimony or of Salt of Tartar and the simple mixture in a greater Dose for vehicles Apozemes distilled Waters and Juleps for this Intention of curing are convenient Take of the roots of Celandine the greater Apozems stinging Nettles Madder of each one ounce tops of Roman Wormwood white Horehound Agrimony Germander of each one handfull Worm-seeds two drams Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two drams yellow Sanders a dram and a half Coriander-seeds two drams boyl them in three pound of spring-Spring-water to two pound adding of White-wine four ounces strain it and adde Syrup of Chichory with Rhubarb two ounces water of Earth-worms an ounce and a half make an Apozeme the Dose four or six ounces twice in a day Take of white Horehound dryed Centaury of each one handful Gentian and Turmerick-roots of each three drams Cinamon one dram Saffron half a dram being sliced put them into a Glass with two pound of White-wine or Rhenish-wine make an infusion the dose three ounces To this we will adde Gesners famous Antictericum Take of the roots of stinging Nettles a pound Saffron one scruple bruise them well and draw off the tincture with White-wine the dose three ounces 4 or 5 dayes Like to the former is that of Fr. Joel Take the Roots of Celandine the greater Empirick Remedies two handfuls Juniper-berries a handfull bruise them and pour on them a pound of Rhenish-wine and draw out the juice the dose sour ounces twice a day The juice of white Horehound is mightily commended by Dioscorides and the Syrup of the same by Forestus for curing the yellow Jaundice In lieu of an Elixir and other chymical liquors which to avoid nauseousness are to be taken in very small quantity to others endued with a stronger Constitution Electuaries Powder and Pills may be administred with better success Take of Conserve of Roman Wormwood of the yellow Rinds of Oranges and Limons An Electuary of each two ounces Species Diacurcumae one dram and half powder of Ivory yellow Saunders of Lignum-Aloes of each half a dram Troches of Capers one dram of Rhubarb half a dram Salt of Wormwood two drams with Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb make an Electuary the dose the quantity of a Chesnut twice a day drinking after it three ounces of the following Julep Take of the greater celandine-Celandine-water Fumitory Wormwood Distilled Waters Elder-flowers of each five ounces snail-Snail-water water of Earth worms compound of each two ounces Sugar half an ounce mingle them and make a Julep Or Take of the roots of stinging Nettles Angelica Gentian of each four ounces the greater Celandine leaves and roots six handfuls Wormwood Tansie Southern-wood of each four handfuls the outer rinds of twelve Oranges and four Limons prepared Worms and Snails of each one pound Cloves bruised two ounces being all cut and bruised pour upon them eight pound of White-wine let them be distill'd in a cold still and the whole water mixt Or Take of filings of Steel one pound fresh Strawberries six pound put them into a glazed pot stirring them together and let them stand a day afterwards adde of English Rhubarb sliced one pound the rinds of four Oranges sliced pour upon them of White wine six pound and distill them according to Art let all the liquor be mixt together The dose of this and of the former is three ounces twice in a day after the Electuary or any other medicine Take of Turmerick-roots Rhubarb of each one dram and a half the Bark of Caper-roots of Asarum-roots of each half a dram Extract of Gentian and Centaury of each one dram and a half Salt of Wormwood four scruples Water-cress-seeds half a dram of Rocket half a scruple Elixir Proprietatis one dram gum Ammoniacum dissolved in the water of Earth-worms what will suffice to make a mass form it into small Pills the dose is half a dram evening and morning drinking after it three ounces of the distilled water Sylvius doth much magnifie for cure of the Jaundies Sylvius his Empirical Remedies the Decoction of Hemp-seed in milk and the solution of Sope and from thence endeavours to establish his own Hypothesis as we have above intimated whereby he endeavours to deduce the Aetiologie of the Jaundies rather from an alienation of the choler than from the obstruction of its passages 2. The Second Indication respecting the altering or tempering of the blood The second Indication Remedies against the Jaundies endowed with an animal volatile Salt by which it may breed but moderately and duly separate the choler requires Medicines of that sort which depress the Sulphur and fixt salt too much advanced For these ends I know not by what chance or conduct Medicines endowed with a volatile salt as Worms Snails Millepedes yea Lice Dungs of fourfooted Beasts and Fowl are brought into practice for curing the Jaundies and not only prescribed by Empiricks but the more famous Physicians These sometimes by themselves but oftener joyn'd with Purgers and Deoppilatives become the chief Ingredients in Compositions against the Jaundies Fonseca prescribes Goose-dung gathered in the Spring-time and dryed as also the white excrement of Pullets of both which let the Powder be given in a convenient vehicle from half a dram to a whole one Take powder of Earth-worms prepared of Goose-dung of each three drams Ivory Varlous forms of them yellow Sanders of each half a dram Saffron one scruple make a powder divide it into six parts One to be taken every morning with some appropriate liquor To the Apozeme or Anticterical Tincture prescribed above Earth-worms Goose-dung and also Sheeps-dung are profitably added Take Millepedes fresh and alive from 50 to 100. Saffron half a Scruple Nutmeg a scruple bruise them together and infuse them in Water of Celandine four ounces of Earth worms two ounces express them strongly and drink it after this manner take it first once then twice in a day for a week The vulgar and Empirical remedy with us is that Nine quick Lice be taken in a morning for five or six dayes by which remedy they report to me many to be cured whenas other remedies effected little which truly can help by no other means than by restoring the volatile Salt depressed in the blood Upon the same account of succour even in this disease the flowers of Sal Armoniac Also such as are endued with a mineral volatile Salt the volatile Salts of Amber Harts-horn Soot in like manner their Spirits are frequently administred with great success Take powder of Earth-worms prepared two drams Species Diacurcumae one dram flower of Sal Armoniac half a dram Salt of Amber a scruple Extract of Gentian one dram Saffron one scruple Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in water of Earth-worms what suffices make a mass and form it into small Pills the Dose is three or four morning and evening drinking after it three ounces of the Julep before prescribed Take Spirit of Harts-horn tinctured with Saffron three drams Dose
many others which commonly make up the greatest part of Herbals so that whilst the Liver like a certain Goddess ruled sanguification very many Medicines were used to be ascribed fot its safeguard and succour The fixt Salts of herbs the acid Spirits of Minerals drawn by distillation belong by right to this number as they do chiefly exagitate the masse of blood dissolve the Concretions thereof dispatch their obstructions and cause it every where to be passable as to all the parts thereof If I here omit Chalybeates most Chymists will censure me very unjust to the Liver Chalybrater for truly as the Prerogative of Venus is vulgarly attributed to this bowel so as to constrain to Love we may hence expect that Mars will be perpetually kinde unto it And really it is manifest by Reason as well as Experience that Preparations of Steel are convenient in hepatical affects as chiefly in the Jaundies and oftner in the Dropsie wherefore these are put into the Receipts of the Ancients and modern and among curatory Compositions For what reason the Preparations of Steel as in like manner the medicinal waters from Iron as well natural as artificial do purifie the masse of blood and by consequence do relieve many distempers commonly call'd Hepatical is shewn by us largely enough in another place so that here is no need for repetition Medicines that are appointed by Physicians for the Liver are divided into various forms but first into hot and cold and also into moist and dry accordingly as the temper of this bowel is supposed to consist after divers manners when in truth it is only a dyscrasie of the blood which being so diversly faulty desires so various an energy of medicines Neither is it a less vulgar error that in the estimating of mens constitutions the various temperament of every one due to the blood is ascribed chiefly to the Liver as hot or cold or otherwise disposed In the Antidotaries of the Ancients there are many Shop-compositions extant The Shop-compositions of Hepaticks which seem to be besigned for the Livers sake only of which sort are Rhasis his Electuarie of the dross of Iron Crocus ferri of Balchusis which being mixt with Treacle is commended for hepatical affects the species Diatrion santalon Diarrhodon Abbatis Trochiscs of Rhubarb of Agrimony of Capers Diacurcuma Dialacca Syrup of Wormwood Chicorie of the five roots Byzantinus with many others unto all whose forms a vast Catalogue is annext for curing all the diseases of the Liver But these passed over it pleases me now to propound some Kinds and Examples of Medicines which are counted deoppilative according to the practice of the Moderns Therefore for an opening Decoction Take of the roots of Ferne Magistral Compositions Chervil stinging Nettles Dandelyon of each one ounce the leaves of Agrimony Harts-tongue Speed-well Oak of Jerusalem Liver-wort of each a handfull white and yellow Sanders of each three drams Ivory half an ounce red Cicers an ounce Coriander-seeds three drams Raisins two ounces boyl themin four pound of water to two pound adding towards the end White-wine four ounces stram it through Hippocrates Sleeve to which adde Species Diarrhodon Abbatis one dram of our prepared Steel two drams Syrup of Chicory with Rhubarb two ounces the Water of Snails and Earth-worms of each one ounce the dose six ounces twice in a day after ae dose of the following Electuary Take of Conserve of the yellow of Oranges and Limons Electuary of each two ounces of Wormwood and Fumitory of each one ounce simple Powder of Aron-roots yellow Sanders Lignum Aloes of Caper-roots of each one dram and a half Crabs-eyes one dram Salt of Wormwood two drams syrup of Fumitory what suffices make an Electuary the dose the quantity of a Walunt twice in a day drink after it a draught of the Apozeme now prescribed or of the following distilled water Take the leaves of Wormwood A distilled Water Centaury Tansie both sorts of Southern-wood Tamariske of each four handfuls of green Walnuts four pound of Ashen keyes green two pound the Rinds of ten Oranges and four Limons Snails and Earth-worms prepared of each one pound all being sliced pour on them of White-wine eight pound distill it in a cold Still let all the liquor be mixt together the dose three ounces sweetning it with Sugar or a fit Syrup If a form of Pills will please better the ensuing Extract called in the Shops Extractum Ecphracticum seems profitable Take of white and clear Tartar Pills and of fresh Filings of Iron of each 4 ounces let them be ground together into powder after boyl them in fountain-Fountain-water from four pound to two some use White-wine to the strained liquor adde the tops of Centaury of Roman Wormwood or Carduus of each one handfull Gentian-root half an ounce Species Diacurcumae an ounce and half let them boyl shut close for three or four hours strain it and evaporate by the heat of a Bath to the consistence of Pills adding roots of Rhubarb or Species of Hiera Picra two drams the dose is from one scruple to half a dram made into Pills in the evening with an appropriate vehicle For the same intention viz. to prevent or to remove the obstructions of the Liver a medicated purging Ale to be taken many dayes in Spring and Autumn is by some very much magnified and exactly observed every year during their lives Take of the roots of sharp pointed Docks prepared Polypodie of the Oak of each 3 ounces Madder-roots two ounces English Rhubarb two ounces of leaves of Senna four ounces Epithymum two ounces yellow Sanders one ounce Carthamus and Coriander-seeds of each one ounce and a half slice them and bruise them according to Art make a bag for 4 gallons of Ale after six dayes let him take to 12 ounces more or less in the morning expecting four or five Stools without regiment SECT II. CHAP. III. Of Remedies for the Dropsie called Ascites AFter the Jaundies and the Remedies thereof our method leads us to treat of a Dropsie not because of the Vulgar opinion that it always arises from the fault of the same bowel but because that former disease having long continued for the most part concludes in this which happens so not so much from the fault of the Liver as from the whole Blood for this and not that perform sanguification Wherefore when the masse hereof hath for a long time been filled with cholerick excrements and at length degenerating from its temper accumulates also watery humours then doth a Dropsical Disposition come upon the Jaundies But whereas three sorts of Dropsies are vulgarly supposed viz Ascites Tympanites The more remote causes of an Ascites and Anasarca we will at present handle only the two former appertaining to the Splanchnick or Pathologie of the nether Belly And first what relates to an Ascites this disease as to its matter and formal reason is manifestly known by the sign of even
boyled Salt Alum and Sulphur and after applyed Cow-dung for a Cataplasm I use to prescribe these ensuing Take of flowers of Sal Armoniack one ounce Crystal mineral two ounces A somentation Spirit Wine small and imbued with much Phlegme two pound mixe and dissolve them in a glass Let a woollen Cloth dipt into this warm be applyed upon the whole Abdomen and then let it be changed wetting it again let it be done for the space of half an hour twice a day afterwards let there be applyed a Cataplasm of Cow-dung with the powder of Dogs turd or the following Plaister Take Empl. Diasaponis that is de Minio with Venice Soap A Plaister let it be spread thin upon limber Leather and applyed to the whole Belly to be renewed once in ten or twelve dayes II. The second Indication requires mostly alterative Remedies to wit The second Indication those which stop the fermentations of the humours in the bowels of the nether Belly and the Orgasms and irregular excursions of the Spirits also those which procure equal mixtions and due motions of the Chyle and nervous Juice Of Chalybeate Medicines for which end Chalybeates are chiefly in use And truly it is wont not only in this but in many other splanchnical Diseases to have resort to the Medicines of Iron as if from thence to fetch the sharpest weapons whenas many Empiricks and Quacks who prescribe these things confidently and dogmatically observe not by what way such a Medicine doth operate or what alterations for the better may be lawfully expected from thence wherefore while Iron changed into Medicine although the Sword of Goliah is snatcht and brandisht by a blind man it is no marvel if it prove in vain or if in the stead of the disease which is an Enemy Nature it self is sometimes hurt and truly frequently it happens so when Chalybeats of which there is great variety and diversity of operations are administred without any choice or difference either of the temperament or constitution in the Patient and respect to the state of the Disease Of Medicines prepared of Iron or Steel and of their vertues and manner of working What preparations of Iron are not convenient we have in another place treated and there is no need here to repeat the same things For this disease if any of them not all of them are fit for those in which the frame of the mixture being opened the Sulphur remains still and being loosened predominates over the rest they are altogether to be excluded from this number for they do much ferment the Juices of the bowels with their notable fermentation and do so exagitate the Blood and Spirits that the whole Region of the nether Belly is lifted up into a greater bulk as if by a certain Spirit thronging violently into it Neither here are they fit from which the sulphureous particles together with the saline are chased away as in Crocus Martis prepared by long and strong Calcination For this Medicine as it is conducing to stop all fluxes rather fixes any impaction of Humours and Spirits and renders them more obstinate But there remains a Martial Remedy of a middle kind What sort may be admitted wherein the Sulphur being wholly or for the most part expell'd a vitriolic Salt remains and predominates as indeed it is in the solution of the filings of Iron or in a simple Infusion or in Mineral water in the Salt or Vitriol of Mars in our preparation of Steel with many others out of which medicines being prepared or compounded we find by often Experience that in some cases they contribute notable help For these destroy the exotick ferments of the bowels and restore the native ferments they open their obstructions they fix the blood and restrain its consistence from too much dissolution wherefore Chalybeate remedies after the same manner as certain other alteratives do perhaps something profit against the procatarctick and more remote causes of a Tympany but as to the conjunct cause they contribute little or no succour Take of our Steel finely prepared two drams Forms of Chalybeates the distilled water above prescribed two pound Syrup of the five Roots two ounces mix it in a glass let it clarifie by settling the dose three or four ounces in the morning and at five afternoon Take of the Powder of Aron-roots Crabs-eyes of each three drams Crystal Mineral two drams Vitriol of Mars a dram and a half Sugar of Rosemary-flowers two drams mix them the dose half a dram twice in a day with a convenient vehicle Hartman doth wonderfully magnifie the liquor of the flowers of Tapsus Barbatus or Mullein A liquor of the flowers of Tapsus Barbatus as a specifick remedy in this disease by putting the fresh flowers into a Vessel being strongly press'd and put into an Oven with bread being close stopt afterwards the Liquor being strained let it be distill'd in Balneo the dose one Scruple in the Decoction of Fennel-seeds and Roots Surely this Medicine if it doth effect any thing ought to be given in a larger dose Johannes Anglus commends an Electuary of Rosata Novella with Diatrion Santalon and Egges of Ants which remedy seems to promise something probable enough In imitation of this I here propound this ensuing Take Conserve of Chichory flowers An Electuary of Indian Cresses of each three drams powder of Aron-roots Lignum Aloes yellow Sanders of each one dram Crabs-eyes one dram and a half Salt of Wormwood one ounce Ants Egges one ounce the liquor of Tapsus Barbatus half a dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Citron-rinds make an Electuary the dose two drams twice in a day drinking after it of the former distilled water or of the following Julep three ounces Take the water of the leaves of Aron A Julep of the Juice of Elder-berries of the water of Juniper and Elder-flowers of each six ounces the magistral water of Snails and of Earth worms of each two ounces Syrup of the Juice of Elder-berries two ounces mix and make a Julep III. Third Indication The third Indication Vital prescribes Remedies against fainting of Spirits and difficult breathing and against Watching and Thirst We will briefly annex certain forms of either kind 1. Cardiacks Take of the water of Napha Cordials Marygolds Camomile of each three ounces of Dr. Stephan's water two ounces Tincture of Saffron two drams Sugar one ounce Pearls one dram make a Julep the dose four or five spoonfuls three times a day or oftner in faintings Take Conserve of Marygolds two ounces Confection of Alchermes and de Hyacintho of each two drams prepared Pearl one ounce Syrup of the juice of Citrons enough to make a Confection take the quantity of a Nutmeg evening and morning drinking after it a draught of the Julep 2. Hypnoticks Take of Aqua Hysterica six drams Hypnoticks Syrup de Meconio half an ounce mix them and take late at night Or Take
of small cinnamon-Cinnamon-water one ounce Diacodium three ounces Tincture of Saffron two drams Mix them and take one spoonfull at night if sleep be wanting Or Take Syrup of Cowslip-flowers three spoonfuls compound poeony-Poeony-water one spoonful Laudanum tartarized one dram take one spoonful if Watchings require it 3. Extinguishers of Thirst in this Disease being very thirsty Things mitigating Thirst ought frequently and in small quantities to be administred that that troublesom symptom may be restrained without much drink which is perpetually pernicious For which purpose Take of Conserve of Wood-sorrel passed through a Sieve three ounces Pulp of Tamarinds two ounces Sal Prunella one dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the juice of Wood sorrel make a Lohoch of which let him lick often SECT II. CHAP. V. Of an Anasarca NOw two kinds of Dropsies viz. Ascites and Tympanie according to common reckoning being finisht although the third to wit an Anasarca for that it is an affection rather of the whole body than of the nether Belly appertains not properly to this place notwithstanding the Pathologie thereof having some affiance with the former we think sit to deliver here also its Cure in short The description of an Anasarca An Anasarca is described after this manner That it is a white soft Tumour of the whole outward Body or of some of its parts yielding to the touch and leaving a dent upon compression proceeding from a watery humour extravasated and accumulated as well within the interspaces of the Muscles as within the pores of the flesh and skin yea of the Glandules and Membranes It differs from an Ascites as to its outward form and appearance How it differs from an Ascites yet not as to its morbific matter which being the same in both distempers as it is heaped within the greater or lesser hollownesses it gains divers Appellations of the Disease The watery humour procuring an Anasarca The Original from the blood doth proceed altogether or for the most part from the blood for it being continually produced within the mass of blood by the fault and defect of sanguification it is poured out in greater abundance from the extremities of the Arteries than can be received or brought back by the Veins or the Lymphaducts or can be discharged by the Reins or pores of the skin and other vents of the serous Juice From these it follows that the material cause of this Disease is a watery humour The material and efficient cause and the efficient is blood which engenders waters and deposits them in the places affected We will exactly weigh the reasons of either of them and the manner of becoming and effecting it and first we will treat of the efficient Cause of an Anasarca 1. The affection of the Blood or rather the Hydropical brood The Blood its efficient cause in a double respect consists in these two things to wit First by reason of a failure or fault of sanguification it doth not rightly assimilate the nutritious Juice perpetually infused into its mass but suffers it to degenerate into a watery humour Then secondly by reason of the too loose mixture thereof it doth not retain that humour so degenerated so long within its consistence untill it might be discharg'd through fit Emunctories or Emissaries but lets it out every where near to the ends of the Arteries into the inter-spaces of the Vessels and there leaves it Either of these vices of the Blood we will consider a little more In the first place as to the former for the most part it is confessed by all First that it doth not rightly sanguifie that the Blood it self and not the Heart or Liver sanguifies by what of late is plainly understood concerning the functions of these parts yet by what means the Blood assimilates Chyle infused to it self and converts it into fresh blood to be bestowed to so many and diverse sorts of uses doth not easily lie manifest to us But what some affirm that it is made only by the exact comminution and commixtion of particles and for that cause the particles of either kinde being confused together they think that within the straiter passages of the Liver and Lungs they are kneaded and wrought together as it were with little pestils seems little probable to me but on the contrary I think these bowels as I have shewed already are constituted the Organs rather of separation than of mixture The reason whereof enquired into but the reason of sanguification altogether consists in this that the active particles of the old blood to wit the saline and sulphureous being placed in vigour with the spirituous immediately act upon the like particles of the infused Chyle as yet existing in an inferiour state and do so stir them up and ferment them that thereupon being extricated from the coverings of the thicker parts they are carryed into a like degree of exaltation or perfection with the former and being at length associated with them and made also homogeneous they put on the same nature of Blood the more thick and heterogeneous particles being removed thence to another place from those which they had deserted and gone away from For truly Sanguification is altogether finisht by Fermentation even as the maturation of the Must into Wine or Ale but the reason of the difference is that Wine being shut up in the Tub still remaining entirely in the same Mass is flowly fermented as to its whole consistence and is not accomplished but in a long space of time but the Blood constituted in a perpetual flux by the loss of some parts and the reparation of others is fermented by the parts still received fresh and is generated anew The old Blood for the most part affords the same thing towards the fresh Chyle The reason and manner of sanguification explained as Ferment from the flower or faeces of old Ale being put into new Ale notwithstanding as it were by a contrary manner because the huge mass of blood being formerly fermented doth suddenly ferment and alter the small portions of the Chyle continually brought in but the fermenting liquor in Ale in a very little quantity is put to the great mass of the other liquor to be fermented which it brings not to maturity under a long space of time After the rudiments of blood are so cast by fermentation the conclusion and perfect assimilation into blood is acquired by accension for surely that it is so enkindled as I think I have formerly shewed by demonstration which arguments chiefly taken from its proper passion although many have cavil'd at none have been yet able to overthrow Wherefore while the whole mass of blood consists of Blood and Chyle confusedly mixt together it is fermented while it is circulating andbeing divided into most minute portions is spread through the whole Lungs that it might be kindled successively according to all its parts by the nitrous air suckt in for by that means both the
are Necklaces of Blood-stone hung about the Neck also the moss of a humane Skull carryed in the hand Epithemes of the leaves of Nettles bruised and applyed to the soles of the feet and the Palms of the hands the Empirical administrations of which kind when they may be administred without trouble or cost we make no refusal of since in a dangerous case every thing is to be attempted and applications of that sort do help sometimes in respect that they fortifie the imagination of the patient While such like outward Administrations are used Topicks closing the mouths of the Vessels for repressing or calling aside the flux of blood out of the Nostrils also other Topicks are put up into the Nostrils which may shut the gaping mouths of the vessels for which use the injections of liquid things Pledgets Powders to be blown in and Fumes are wont to be prescribed which not helping in the last place we descend to Escharoticks Ninthly 6. Escharoticks The injection of Vitriol water Among Liquids not only first but as good as all others is esteemed the solution of Vitriol in Fountain-water Some boast this for a great secret and a most certain Remedy Indeed the same being applyed to a fresh wound forasmuch as it shuts the ends of the cut vessels by wrinkling them up it restrains and presently stops the flux of blood But that application in Hemorrhages of the Nostrils where the blood being brought to the gaping mouths of the little Arteries ought to be received by the Veins in regard it shuts them as well or rather than those it succeeds little and sometimes not at all as I have known it frequently experimented This Medicine is prepared of Green Vitriol viz. of Hungary or of our Countrey also of the fictitious Vitriol of Mars dissolved in a sufficient quantity of Spring-water I know some commend the solution of Roman Vitriol which they not only apply by injection but also to a linnen cloath dipt in the blood are wont to administer it sympathetically Moreover the water of the infusion of white Vitriol prepared with Bole and Camphire I have known to be used successefully as well in wounds as often in other Hemorrhagies Tenthly 10. Pledgets Since water cast into the Nostrils doth not adhere enough to the mouths of the Vessels but is washed away by the breaking out of the blood before it can exert its Virtue it is therefore more expedient either that a Styptick powder be blown in or that a Pledget dipt in the water of Vitriol either by it self or strewed with an astringent powder be thrust into the upper part of the Nostril For this purpose many and several kinds of styptick powders have been prescribed I have frequently used either Crocus Martis calcin'd to the highest redness or the powder of Camphorated Vitriol or the vitriolic Soot scrap't from the bottom of an old Brass Pot the powder whereof I have often used with success in this case In obstinate Hemorrhagies not yielding to other remedies let Pledgets whose tops are dipt in Caustick Colcothar be put up deep into the Nostrils that the mouths of the Vessels being burnt and covered with an Eschar all flux of blood may be presently stopt Many other Errhines to stop bleeding are accounted famous with Practitioners Hogs-dung as Hogs-dung thrust into the Nostrils which by the meer ill savour is thought to repell the blood also the smoak of Blood dropping on hot Iron Burnt Blood repercuss'd into the Nose the Powder being burnt is also taken inwardly The moss of a humane Skull unburied put into the Nostrils is commended by many for this effect but these latter applications ought to be referred to the sympathetick Aetiologie if they avail any thing These things concerning outward Remedies stopping blood the vertue and efficacy of which ought at the same time to be promoted by intern Remedies seasonably exhibited and cooperating Therefore a slender Diet being instituted Inward Remedyes whereof are two intentions and the Patient ordered to keep himself in an upright posture or not much supine while the aforesaid Administrations are orderly administred medicines appropriated to the same end are also prescribed to be taken inwardly There will be two scopes of Remedies of this sort viz. 1. That the effervescency of Blood whether incentive or fermentative being suppressed the liquor thereof being restrained within the vessels may pleasingly circulate 2. That the more impetuous motion of the heart driving about the blood too rapidly may be dedpressed by apt Sufflamina's 1. 1. Things appeasing the effervescency of the blood The first Intention requires Medicines that suppress the too much kindling of the blood and appease the undue fermentation thereof for which intents I usually prescribe the ensuing Remedies Take of the water of Plantane red Poppy Purslain and frog-Spawn Juleps of each four ounces Syrup of water-Lillies two ounces Sal Prunella one dram mix them for a Julep the dose three ounces three or four times a day Take Barly-water two pound Red-rose leaves one handfull Tinctures Spirit of Vitriol what suffices to make it gratefull or about half a dram make an Infusion warm for extracting the Tincture adde Syrup of St. John ' s-wort two ounces the dose three or four ounces as oft as they please day or night Take leaves of stinging Nettles of Plantane of each three handfuls pour upon them being bruised plantane-Plantane-water 6 ounces press them strongly let the strained liquor be taken 2. For the second Intention to wit 2. Intention to cool the motion of the Heart for the cooling of the heart too vehemently beating Hypnoticks and Opiates are convenient Take water of red Poppies three ounces Is done by Hypnoticks Syrup of Diacodium half an ounce make a draught to take at night Or Take Conserve of red Roses an ounce and a half Powder of Henbane and white Poppy-seeds of each two drams Syrup of Poppyes enough to make an Opiate The dose the quantity of a Nutmeg every six or eight hours Take of Laudanum Cydoniatum one dram the dose fifteen drops twice a day in a convenient Vehicle These things touching an immoderate Hemorrhage and the Remedies thereof Of a Hemorrhage in a malignant Feaver when it happens without a Feaver but that which coming in a feaver ought to be stopt in regard of the too great loss of Blood is either Critical making an immoderate excursion by reason of some accident for which the Method and Medicines even now prescribed with caution and respect had to the Feaver may be accommodated or meerly Symptomatical which being excited in a malignant and Spotted Feaver Small-pox Measles or the Plague neither scarcely can nor ought to be stopt with the Remedies above recited For letting of blood is not convenient repelling Topicks also cooling Juleps or Decoctions and Narcoticks have no place here The chief intention of Healing will be to change the Hemorrhage into Sweating for a gentle Sweat
being raised the flux of Blood often ceases if it be not very dangerous Take water of Meadow sweet Tormentil of each four ounces Remedies Saxons cool Cordial two ounces Treacle water an ounce and a half Acetum Bozoardicum three drams Syrup of Croal an ounce and a half Confection of Hyacinths two drams make a Julep the dose six spoonfuls every third hour Take of the Powder of Toads prepared half a dram Camphire two grains take it every sixth hour with the forementioned Julep Or Take Powder of Scarlet-cloth from half a dram to two Scruples as before Take Consection of Hyacinths three drams Powder of Scarlet-cloth on edram Syrup of Corals enough to make a Confection the dose the quantity of a Nutmeg every other hour Take of Bistort and Tormentil-roots of each one ounce the leaves of Meadowsweet Pimpernel Wood-sorrel of each one handful burnt Harts-horn two drams Shavings of Ivory and Hart horn of each two drams boyl them in spring-Spring-water from three pound to two adding about the end Conserve of red Roses three ounces the dose three ounces being strained often in a day 2. Second Indication vital Hitherto of the first Indication Curatory together with the scopes of healing and forms of Remedies appointed for a Haemorrhage of the Nose happening with or without a feaver The second Indication Vital only prescribes a slender Diet temperate Cordial The Position of the Sick and a fit handling of the Patient The Provision of the first is so small and easie that there seems no need to appoint a Measure and Rules for it particularly About the latter the chief question is whether we ought to retain them within or out of their beds Without doubt the languishing and those obnoxious to often swounings are not to be roused up unless as we have already hinted it be for a Curatory attempt as to others less weak it seems so to be determijned Those whose Blood does not easily transpire by reason of the constipation of the pores Sometimes in bed and sometimes out and is incited into a greater turgescence from the heat of the bed and proner to break out it will be expedient they not only remain out of bed while bleeding but also sometimes through extern applications to be cooled in the whole habit of their body or at least in most of their members Wherefore Fabritius Hildanus relates he suddenly cured one of a great Hemorrhage of the Nostrils after many things tryed in vain by putting him into a vessel of cold water Also with like success Riverius cured another affected in like manner being taken out of his bed and laid on a woollen Matte on the Pavement he bathed his whole body with Linnen dipt in Oxycrate Yet this method is not alike convenient for all persons or at all seasons but on the contrary those whose blood is halituous and enjoying more open pores doth evaporate easily mnad being wont to be dissolved by a more moderate heat encompassing them into sweat and from thence find themselves more quiet it is more convenient that they remain within the bed not only while the blood breaks out but as long as there is danger of its return For this reason it is that many obnoxious to dreadful Hemorrhagies during the Summer when they transpire more freely live exempt from that disease but the Winter cold pressing them by reason of their pores being bound up they suffer under more frequent and dreadful Invasions 3. Third Indication Preservatory hath two intentions of healing The third Indication Preservatory which regarding the removing the Cause of that disease either stops the eruptions of blood or renders the same more rare or less and suggests these two Intentions of healing viz. 1. That the blood being restored to its due temperament and mixture may quietly circulate within the vessels without turgescency and breaking out 2. That the Vessels carrying Blood as to the structure of their little mouths and the tenours of the muscular fibres may be contained in their due state so that they neither cause those inordinate tendencies of blood towards the Head nor suffer effluxes out of the nose For both these ends too great plenty and impurity of the Blood are carefully to be provided against by Phlebotomy and Purgation seasonably used afterwards for procuring and conserving its good temperature the following Alteratives may be given at fit seasons of healing Take of Conserve of red Roses Forms of Remedies of Hipps an three ounce powder of all the Sanders an half a dram Coral prepared one dram of the reddest Crocus Martis two drams Sal Prunella four Scruples with Syrup of Coral make an Electuary take the quantity of a Chesnut early in the morning and at night by it self or drinking after it three ounces of the following water Take the tops of Cypresse Tamaris an eight handfuls St. Johns-wort Tamarisk Horsetail an four handfuls of all the Sanders bruised an one ounce of the Crum of Whitebread two pound slice them small and pour on them of new milk eight pound distill in a cold Still sweeten each dose when taken with Syrup of the juice of Plantane Take leaves of Plantane Brooklime stinging Nettles of each four handfuls to them bruised pour half a pound of the foregoing water of small Cinnamon-water two ounces press them strong the dose three ounces to four at Nine in the Morning and at Five in the Afternoon Madicines of this sort are taken in Spring and Autumn for twenty or thirty dayes with sometimes a gently Purge coming between In Summer let them drink Mineral steel-Steel-waters for a Month than which in this case there is not a better Remedy Out of many Examples of persons labouring with an Hemorrhage we only propose this one singular case I was lately consulted at a distance for a certain Gentleman that had suffered frequent and great eruptions of blood one while at the Nostrils An Example of a rare Hemorrhage anotehr while at the Hemorrhoid Vessels He had frequently used Phlebotomy by perswasion of his friends without benefit yea frequently falling into cold Sweats and Swounings after breathing a vein and notwithstanding obnoxious to eruptions of blood he was wont to be much worse I prescribed Juleps having not yet seen him and cooling Decoctions and Anodyhnes also the juicy expressions of herbs and other things cooling the blood but even from these as if all still far enough from the scope he was nothing the better At length being sent for into the Countrey to visit him I found the affection under which he suffered to be meerly or chiefly convulsive for whereas he daily bled his Pulse was weak the extreme parts cold and all his Vessels as being too much emptyed fell flat It s Aetiologie also the patient was affected with a continual Vertigo and trembling of heart and by and by with a swouning or fear of it Really the blood was so far from breaking out by reason of turgescentce that
from the skin while the ferment is expugned turn back again into the blood and nervous liquor and bring upon them not only ill temperaments but also as frequently it uses to doe a more considerable prejudice upon the Brain or Praecordia Secondly also let it be endeeavoured that the taint of the Humours and of the noble parts contracted from the Itchy matter may be eradicated while the faults of the skin are repaired All these intentions of Curing by remedies internal as well as external together Both inward and outward Medicines are to be taken together being much and often used ought to be joyn'd together or at least-wise to be interus'd viz. that the morbific matter being discussed from its recesses may not depart into and lye hid in any lurking-places any where else but from every part inwardly and outwardly by remedies taken may be wholly removed away wherefore Purgatories ought alwayes to begin and end this method of Curing Purges Bleeding and Alteratives and afterwards Topicks are required Although Helmont with great pomp overthrows this Cathartick method of Physick and as it were leads it in Triumph because it doth not cure the Scab by it self yet we may affirm this Disease without that remedy can scarce ever easily be cured but never safely Moreover Phlebotomy unless something contradict it is presently to be celebrated in the beginning upon these Alteratives that cleanse the blood and strengthen the bowels and defend against the assaults of the morbific matter challenge their turns and in the mean time Liniments or Baths or topical remedies of another kind and properly Cutaneous are administred As without which not only Purging and Bleeding but also Diaphoreticks Diureticks yea whatsoever remedyes evacuating blood or humours or altering them become useless We will annex some more select short forms of Medicaments of every one of these Kinds but now recited And first for the due undertaking of the Purging part let there be administred in the beginning a purging Medicine or a Vomit also after Phlebotomy being used if need require an Apozeme or purging Ale may be administred for seven or eight dayes Take of Electuary Diacarthamus three drams Forms of Purgers Spec. Diaturbith with Rhubarb one dram Cream of Tartar Salt of Wormwood an half a scruple syrup of purging Apples what suffices make a Bolus to be taken with Government Or Take Sulphur of Antimony seven grains Scammony sulphurated eight grains Cream of Tartar half a scruple make a powder Take roots of Polypody of the Oak sharp pointed Docks prepared an one ounce leaves of Senna ten drams Turbith Agarick Epithymum an one ounce Carthamus-seeds half an ounce Curine Sanders two drams Annise Carus seeds of each two drams being sliced bruised c. digest them warm in four pound of White wine twenty four hours pour it clear off without straining the Dose six ounces by it self or with a spoonful of syrup of Epithymum Or take the foresaid Ingredients and boyl them in six pound of spring-Spring-water to half Apozems then adde one pound of White-wine and presently strain it for an Apozeme to be taken as the former Take roots of Polypody of the Oak Medicated Ale sharp-pointed Docks an three ounces Senna four ounces Epithymum Turbith Mechoacan of each two ounces of yellow Sanders one ounce Coriander-seeds six drams prepare them according to art make a bag for four gallons of Ale draw it after five or six dayes take twelve ounces more or less every morning for eight or ten dayes For ordinary Drink let a little four-gallon Vessel be filled with small Ale wherein may be put the following Bag. Take the tops of Tamaris dryed Fumitory an four handfuls roots of sharp-pointed Docks dryed six ounces the rinde of woody Night-shade two ounces slice and bruise them and mingle them Or let them take a Bochet of the Decoction of Sarsaperilla Saunders with shavings of Ivory Harts-horn and Liquorish II. Altering Remedies As to what belongs to altering Remedies beside the Physick-Ale for ordinary Drink there seems not need of many others but only that a due government of Diet be observed by declining Salt and spiced Food Shell fish and others seasoned with pickle also abstinence from Wine Strong waters stronger Ale and from all Liquors apt too much to stir and ferment the blood In a contumacious Psora and seizing upon a Cachectick body it will be expedient to administer the following Electuary with a distilled water twice a day Take of Conserve of Fumitory Electuary roots of sharp-pointed Docks of each three ounces Troches of Rhubarb Species of Diatrion Santalon of each one dram and a half Salt of Wormwood one dram Vitriolum Martis four scruples with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb make an Electuary the dose from one dram to two twice in a day drinking upon it three ounces of the following water Take of the tops of Fir-tree A distilled water six handfuls of leaves of Fumitory Agrimony Fluellin Liverwort Brooklime of each four handfuls roots of sharp pointed Docks two pound Bark of Elder two handfuls the outward Rinds of six Oranges cut them and bruise them and then pour upon them eight pints of Posset-drink turn'd with middle beer distill them in a Rose-Still let the whole Liquor be mingled together III. Oyntments whereof the Basis is chiefly Sulphur Oyntments for to anoynt the Skin are wont commonly and efficaciously to be prescribed for the curing of the Scab notwithstanding those which are administred to many other Tumours or Ulcers do not help here at all but Brimstone and Preparations thereof seem to have a specific vertue in this Disease so that for the most part they are put into all Liniments for the Itch and are the basis of the whole Composition The Receipt chiefly used by the Vulgar is this Take Powder or flower of Brimstone half an ounce Forms of them unsalted Butter four ounces powder of Ginger half a dram make an Oyntment A little more neat though not much more efficacious is prescribed thus Take Oyntment of Roses four ounces powder of Quick Brimstone half an ounce Oyl of Tartar per deliquium what suffices make an Oyntment for scent sake adde one scruple of Oyl of Rhodium When the force of the Brimstone is to be drawn forth or strengthened by other things added Other stronger Medicines Take Oyntment of Enula-campane without Mercury four ounces powder of Sulphur half an ounce Oyl of Tartar per deliquium what suffices For the same purpose the Oyntment of the roots of sharp pointed Docks boyled in Butter or Oyl with White-wine to the consumption of the Wine and made up with Sulphur and Oyl of Tartar Also those Oyntments are used with success by themselves the more curious abhorring the smell of Sulphur 3. The third kind of Liniment against the Itch is made of Mercury The most powerfull made of Mercury wanting no guards of Sulphur or any other Vegetables But
in hazard from a Cough ought immediately to provide against the first assaults thereof and readily betake themselves to the Precepts of Physick according to which that the method of healing may be duly instituted the curatory indications shall be chiefly these three Three indications viz. 1. To appease or take off the disorder of the blood from whence the fluxes of the Serum do proceed 2. To derive the excrements of the blood and all exuviae apt to separate from it from the Lungs to the Pores of the skin or to the urinary passages and into the other Emunctories 3. To strengthen the Lungs themselves against the reception of the Serum and other humors and also to defend them against the invasion of outward cold whereby they are wont to receive further hurt Upon each of these we shall treat a little more plainly 1. The first respects the effervescence of the blood The first indication respects as well the boiling up of the blood wherein by reason of the effluvia's restrained it grows too fervently hot and boils in the vessels as its dissolution whereby being solved in its consistence it lets go too much Serum and other humors from its embraces For the taking away of both a thin diet must be appointed and the injury from outward cold carefully declined a little more sweating ought to be procured or at least the accustomed restored To this end let the Patient put on thick garments and let him keep his bed or chamber at least let him hardly go out of his house evening and morning let a small breathing Sweat be provoked by Posset-drink boiled with Rosemary or Sage If notwithstanding all this the Cough increases Phlebotomy if the strength and constitution will bear it is often used with success after which Hypnoticks for the most part help in as much as they retard the motion of the heart and consequently the too precipitate course of blood moreover they cause it to circulate in the pneumonic Vessels gently and mildly without any great throwing out its serosities and to send away what is superfluous either by Sweat or Urine To this purpose pectoral Decoctions are also to be administred in as much as they destroy the acidity of humors and hinder the dissolution of the blood and its melting into serosities By the like reason and manner Medicines prepared of Sulphur do so signally help against a Cough The second respects the derivation of the Serum and other excrements from the Lungs The second indication viz. that the Serum and other recrements of the blood derived from the Lungs may be evacuated by other ways is performed by Diaphoretics Diuretics and mild Purgers which ought to be mixed with other Remedies or now and then used alone Wherefore after Phlebotomy we use to prescribe a gentle Purge and sometimes to repeat it Among the Ingredients of the pectoral Decoction let the Root of Chervile Butchers-broom Elicampane and other things that provoke Sweat and Urine be put Hog-lice volatile Salt of Amber and other fixed Salts and Powders of Shells made into Pills with Turpentine are often given with success The third indication The third intends the suppressing the Catarrh and strengthing the Lungs that the Lungs and their passages might be desended against the flowing of humors the encountring of cold and the suppression of the Catarrh as they commonly call it is performed by Linctus's Lohochs and other private Remedies and chiefly respects two things viz. that the mouths of the Vessels and Glandules opening into the Trachea be shut with moderate Astringents lest they should too much east out the serosities into it and secondly that the sides of the Tracheal passages may be made smooth and glib that neither from the pouring out of the sharp Serum nor invasion of any outward cold they may be offended and continally provoked into a troublesome Cough and moreover when those passages are made slippery enough the spittle sometimes obstinately cleaving to their sides might be the more easily coughed out For the first intention it is that Conserve of red Roses Olibanum Mastich Lohoch of Pine-tree Syrup of Jujubes of dried Roses of Cup-moss and other Astringents are often put into the forms of Pectoral Prescriptions For the second intention Liquorish with the divers preparations thereof is reputed a famous Remedy against any Cough for this purpose Syrups and Lohochs and all other sweet Pectorals seem to be ordained To which is added Oyl of sweet Almonds either administred by it self or brought with pectoral Syrups after a long stirring of them together into a milk form liquor These are the chief Therapeutic indications together with the apt intentions of healing which seem chiefly to be of use for a new Cough while as yet we have no suspicion of a Phthisis or at least that it subsists without the manifest limits thereof it now remains after this general method briefly shadowed out that we subjoin certain choice forms of Medicines appropriated to every intention These though they are manifold and of divers preparations yet those which are of chiefest note and most in use Forms of Medicines which are most in use are Mixtures Linctus's Lohochs Tinctures Balsams Troches Lozenges Powders Pills Decoctions and distilled Waters Of each of these we shall set down some choice Receipts 1. Mixtures Take of Syrup de Maconio of Jujubes of each an ounce and half of powder of Olibanum a dram the water of Earth-worms or of aq Hysterica or Peony compound a dram mingle them The Dose is one spoonful at bed time and after midnight Take of the water of Snails of Earth-worms of each an ounce and half of the liquid Laudanum Tartarizated two drams Syrup of Violets an ounce The Dose is one spoonful at bed-time Take of snail-Snail-water â„¥ vj. Syrup of the juice of ground-Ivy â„¥ iij. Flower of Brimstone Ê’ss mix them The dose is one spoonfull at bed-time and soon in the morning Take of our syrup of Sulphur 4 ounces Water of Earth-worms 1 ounce Dose 1 spoonfull after the same manner 2. Linctus ' s. Take of syrup of Jujubes Maiden-hair of each one â„¥ and half syrup of red Poppys 1 ounce mix them to be lick'd with a Liquorish Stick Take Oyl of Sweet-Almonds fresh drawn Syrup of Maidenhair of each 1 ounce and half white Sugar-candy 2 drachms mix them by beating in a Glass-morter or shaking them in a Glass Vial till it wax white 3. Lohochs Take Conserve of red Roses 2 ounces and half Lohoch Sanum 1 ounce and half Spec. Diatragacanth frig 1 dram and half flowers of Brimstone half a dram Syrup of Violets or red Poppyes as much as sufficeth let it be made a sost Lohoch Dose 1 dram and half at night and early in the morning at other times to be licked with a Liquorish stick Take of the powder of the leaves of Hedge-mustard or Rockets 1 ounce and half clarified Honey 4 ounces mix them for a Lohoch let it be administred after
the same manner It agrees with cold Constitutions 4. Tinctures Take of Tincture of Sulphur without empyreuma 3 drams Dose from 6 drops to ten in the evening and early in the morning in 1 spoonfull of Syr. of Violets or of the juice of ground-Ivy I scarce know a more excellent remedy for any Cough provided there be no feaver Take of Tincture of the Sulphur of Antimony 2 drams Dose 20 drops evening and morning in one spoonful of the pectoral Syrup Take of the Tincture of Gum Ammoniack prepar'd with the Tincture of Salt of Tartar 1 ounce Dose from 15 drops to 20. After the same manner the Tinctures of Galbanum Assa foetida Gum of Ivie prepar'd after the same manner are proper for a Cough in any cold constitution 5. Balsams Take of Opobalsamum 2 drams Dose from 6 drops to ten in a spoonfull or two of Hyssop or Penny-royal or any other Pectoral water Take of the Balsam artificially distill'd commonly call'd the Mater Balsami two drams Dose from 6 drops to ten in one spoonfull of Syrup of Violets or Canary Wine evening and morning Take Balsam of Sulphur two drams the dose from five drops to ten after the same manner Take of Balsam of Peru one dram Dose from two drops to 4 or 6 in Conserve of Violets 6. Troches Take of the Species of Diatragacanth frigid ℥ ss Liquorish ʒj flower of Sulphur ℈ ij flower of Benzoin ℈ j. Sugar Penids ℥ iij. make a Paste with the dissolution of Gum Tragacanth in Hyssop-water form it into troches of the weight of ʒss Take one often in the day or in the night Take of the seeds of white Poppies ʒ vj. of the powder of the flowers of red Poppies ʒj extract of Liquorish ʒij milk of Sulphur ʒss Sugar Penids ℥ ij with mucilage of Quince-seeds make a Paste and form it into troches Take of the Species Diaireos of the lung of a Fox of each ʒss Sugar Penids ℥ ij with the dissolution of Gum Tragacanth make them into Troches Take of powder of Elicampane Anniseeds Liquorish of each ʒij flower of Brimstone ʒj of Tablet Sugar ℥ iss juice of Liquorish dissolv'd as much as will suffice make Troches 7. Lozenges Take of the Species Diatragacanth frigid ʒiij powder of the flowers of red Poppies milk of Sulphur of each ʒss of Sugar dissolv'd in Poppy-water and boyl'd to make Tablets ℥ iiij form lozenges of ʒss weight Take of Species Diaireos of the lung of a Fox of each ʒiij flower of Brimstone powder of Elicampane of each ʒss of the whitest Benzoin ʒj make them in a fine powder adding of Oyl of Anniseeds ℈ j. Sugar dissolved and boyled to a height to make lozenges ℥ viij for lozenges of ʒss weight 8. Powders These though more seldom yet are sometimes given with success in a Cough and pneumonic distempers Take of the tops of Ground-Ivy somewhat reddish a sufficient quantity bruised let them be form'd into a Cake which dryed presently in the hot Sun reduce into fine powder and keep it in a glass This Plant keeps its virtue with smell and taste longer than any either Conserves or Syrups and greatly profits in a grievous and pertinacious cough Take from ʒss to a dram in distill'd water or pectoral decoction twice in a day After the same manner Powders of other pectoral Plants are prepared and taken with benefit Take of Cup-moss or chin-cups ʒiij milk of Sulphur ʒj Sugar-candy ʒss make a powder the dose from ℈ j. to ʒss twice in a day This powder is given with great benefit to those labouring with a chin-cough Take of the flour of Brimstone Olibanum Ceruse of Antimony of each ʒij divide it into xii parts take one part in the morning and another in the evening in a spoonfull of a convenient vchicle 9. Pills Take of Aloes rosata or rather of Ruffus's his Pill flower of Brimstone of each one dram and half flowers of Benzoin ℈ j. Juice of Liquorish dissolv'd in as much Snail-water as will suffice to make a mass form it into small pills to be taken 4 at night to be repeated every or every other night Take of powder of Elecampane Liquorish flower of Brimstone of each one dram flowers of Benzoin half a dram Tarr as much as is sufficient form it into small pills the Dose 3 or 4 evening or soon in the morning Take of Millepedes or Hogs-lice prepared ʒ ij the powder of the seeds of Nettles Burdock of each half a dram Oyl of Nutmegs distilled ℈ j. Salt of Amber half a dram Juice of Liquorish what will suffice form it into small Pills take three in the morning and in the evening 10. Decoctions These are taken either by themselves or with the addition of Milk Among those which are of the first kind 1. The Pectoral Decoction according to the London Dispensatory offers it self Which is taken twice a day from ℥ iiij to vj. or ℥ viij Take of the leaves of Ground-Ivy white Maiden-hair Harts-tongue Coltsfoot Agrimony of each one handfull Roots of Chervil Knee-holm of each one ounce Carthamus and sweet Fennel seeds of each half an ounce boyl them in 6 pints of spring-Spring-water to the consumption of half adding towards the end Liquorish three drams Raisins stoned two ounces Jujubes n o vi or clarified Honey three ounces make an Apozeme clarifying it with the white of an Egge Dose 6 ounces warm 2 or 3 times in a day Decoctions taken with Milk are used morning and evening instead of Breakfast and Supper according to the manner following Take the flowers of greater Daisies one handfull three cleansed Snails half an ounce of candied Eringo roots Barly 3 drams boyl them in a pint and half of water to a pint Take 6 or 8 ounces warm adding a little milk and afterwards the quantity encreased by little and little After the same manner Cup-moss Ground-Ivy St. John ' s-wort and other pectoral herbs are boyl'd and taken with Milk The Decoction of Woods often does conduce much to the cure of a stubborn Cough especially if appointed in the place of Beer for ordinary drink and taken for some time Take of the roots of Sarsaparilla 4 ounces China two ounces white and red Sanders of each half an ounce shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each 3 drams let them be infused and boyled from 8 pints of conduit-Conduit-water to 4 adding Liquorish 6 drams Raisins stoned an ounce and half in a phlegmatick or colder constitution adde of shavings of Lignum vitae 11. Distilled Waters Every one may compound manifold and divers forms of these as occasion requires and appoint according to the constitution of the patient sometimes simple Milk sometimes Milk with some part of Wine sometimes Ale or Brunswick Mum. For a Sample we will prescribe the form of these Take of the leaves of ground-Ivy Hyssop Penny-royal of each four handfulls of Snails half-boyl'd in their shells two pounds Nutmegs sliced no. vj. Vpon all being cut small pour eight
pints of fresh milk let it be distilled in the common Organs i.e. a Pewter-Still The dose 3 ounces twice or thrice in a day by it self or with some other Medicine Every dose let it be sweetned when it is taken with Sugar-candy or with the syrup of the juice of Ground-Ivy In a constitution less hot especially if there be no fervent heat of the blood or Praecordium to six or seven pints of Milk adde one pint or two of Canary wine and in a phlegmatick or old body instead of Milk let the Menstruum be Ale or Brunswick Beer i. e. Mum. Moreover in Winter-season when Snails cannot easily or scarcely be procured at all there may be substituted in their stead Lambs or Sheeps Lungs also sometimes Calves being half-boyl'd and cut small with the forementioned ingredients and a fit Menstruum being added let them be distilled in common Organs or Rose-stills To this form The convulsive Cough of children call'd the Chin-cough treating of a Cough not yet arrived to a Phthisis ought to be referred the convulsive or suffocating Cough of children and in our Idiome called the Chin-cough This assaults chiefly Children and Infants and at certain seasons viz. Spring and Autumn especially is wont to be epidemical The diseased are taken with frequent and very fierce fits of Coughing wherein namely the Organs of breathing do not only labour in pain but also being affected convulsively they do variously suspend or interrupt their actions but for the most part the Diaphragma convulsed by it self or by the impulse of other parts doth so very long obstinately continue the Systole or Diastole that Inspiration or Expiration being suppress'd for a space the vital breath can scarcely be drawn insomuch that coughing as being almost strangled they hoop and by reason of the blood stagnating they contract a blackness in their countenance if perhaps those organs not in such a measure convulsed they are able to breathe any thing freer notwithstanding they are forced always to cough more vehemently and longer untill they wax faint The formal reason or conjunct cause of this disease The reason thereof consists in these two things viz. that there is present a quick and vehement irritation of the lungs whereby they are almost continually incited to throw off something troublesom by Cough and also that the motive parts of the Thorax viz. the Nerves and nervous fibres being predisposed to convulsions as often as they are irritated do excite a Cough not regular but convulsive and such as is opposite or injurious to the usual function of breathing The matter provoking the lungs so frequently into a Cough seems to be the Serum The cause partly a Catarrh uncessantly soaking out of the mass of blood by reason of its frame being too much loosened and troubling the parts belonging to the breast inasmuch as it destills as well through the tracheal arteries into the hollowness of aspera arteria as that it is poured in plentifully through the pneumonic arteries into all the open passages The convulsive disposition of the moving parts A convulsive disposition of the parts of the breast as in other convulsive distempers seems to proceed from a heterogene and elastic matter falling from the brain through the nervous passages together with the nervous liquor into the small moving fibres of the breast wherefore when the spirits that are contained in those little fibres are stirr'd to perform violent motions of breathing out they pass into convulsive motions What relates to the Prognostick of this distemper The prognostick of this disease this Cough although it be seldom very dangerous or mortal yet it remains very difficult of cure and frequently it rather ceases by change of the season than is extinguished by remedies The cause whereof is that here not as in an usual Cough the blood onely ought to be altered and its recrements to be derived out of the Lungs to be conveyed to the habit of the body by sweating but moreover an amendment of the nervous juice ought to be procured About the curing of this disease Cures first Empirical the way of healing used in other kinds of Coughs doth rarely profit here wherefore old women and Empiricks are oftener consulted than Physitians and the rational curatory method being postponed and neglected remedies for the most part onely Empirical are brought into use Among the many remedies of this kind these two following are preferr'd to all others and chiefly wont to be used viz. Cup-moss or Chin-moss or Chin-cups and the various preparations thereof and compositions are taken inwardly and if there shall be need of any further medicine that some Bugbear being presented the Child labouring with it may be cast into a sudden fright But if the wished success be wanting to administrations of this sort Ptisans Syrups Julips or Decoctions and other pectoral helps are rejected and frequently they desist from all other Medicines expecting untill the disease either at length of its own accord determine or be cured by reason of the succeeding change of the year 1. Chin-cups a great remedy Chin-cups or Moss is in most common use in our Countrey against the Coughs of Children and is vulgarly enough known as to its form and manner of growing It is of an astringent nature as far as we gather by its taste and contains in it self particles somewhat sharp and biting and smelling of plenty of volatile Salt from whence we may safely conjecture that its use is to fix the blood and to appease the fluxes of Serum The reason wherof is inquired and moreover by volatilising the nervous juice to take away the convulsive disposition It is usually administred in form of Powder Decoction and Syrup according to the following Receipts Take of Chin-cups in powder one dram Sugar-Candy one scruple mix them divide it into three or four parts take a dose morning and evening with a fit vehicle Take of the same Cup-moss two drams milk of Brimstone two scruples powder of Anniseeds one scruple divide it into six parts to be taken as the former Take of the same Chin-moss or cup-moss one dram boyled in milk for one dose take it morning and evening To those with whom milk doth not agree or to whom it little profits let it be boyled in spring-Spring-water or hyssop-Hyssop-water or in any other pectoral water and let it be given from two ounces to four twice in a day sweetning it with Sugar or some fit Syrup Take of this Muscus Pyxidatus or chin-moss one ounce boyl it in two pints of some pectoral water to the consumption of half To it strained adde of Sugar-Candy one pound and evaporate it in a gentle bath to the consistence of a syrup 2. The other remedy for the convulsive Cough is wont to be Frights profit in this Cough that they be cast into some sudden fright from hence whenas medicines effect less with the vulgar it is a familiar practice that to fright them
while a great Mill is driven about with a screeking noise and a dreadful aspect of the wheels the distempered be put into the Trough or Receiver of the Grain or Corn and from thence the sudden cure of this disease sometimes happens The reason whereof without doubt consists in this that the Animal spirits being put to flight and forced into fresh distractions they relinquish their former disorders moreover the convulsive matter is either dissipated by that disturbance or is forced into other nerves where it is less troublesome The Empirical cure of this disease being described after this manner The rational cure together with the remedies vulgarly used and the rendring a reason of the cause at least probably unfolded from hence it will be lawfull to design a rational method of curing and perhaps more efficacious against childrens Coughs of this kind Wherefore in such a case sometimes successefully enough I have prescribed according to the following forms And seeing we ought to begin with purging Take of the syrup of Peach flowers one spoonfull of Aqua Hysterica one scruple mix it Purging and let it be taken with government Or take of Mercurius dulcis 6 grains Scammony prepared with Sulphur Resine of Jalap of each three grains make a powder give it in a little Pulp of a preserv'd Cherry to a lad six years old and let the dose be encreased or lessened according to the age let the Purge be repeated in 6 or 7 days If the Patient as it often happens be prone to vomit Take of Oxymel of Squils 6 drams Salt of Vitriol 4 grains mix it for a child of six years old and according to this proportion let the dose be accommodated to others I have known a Vomit of this kind taken every morning for four or five dayes together with good success Vesicatories or Medicines drawing blisters are in daily use Vesicatories and are applyed sometimes to the Nucha or nape of the neck another while behind the ears then to the inside of the arms near the arm pits and as soon as these sores begin to heal in these places let others be raised in other places Instead of Beer let the following Decoction be used for ordinary drink Take China-roots an ounce and half of all the Sanders of each half an ounce the shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each three drams let them be infused and boiled in six pints of spring water to the consumption of half adding Raisins stoned an ounce and half Liquorish three drams Take of Spirit of Gum Ammoniac with Salt Armoniac a dram Mixtures Syrup of Chin-moss three ounces Aq. hysterica an ounce the dose is a small spoonful in the evening and morning fasting Or Take of tincture of Sulphur two drams dose three drops in the evening and first in the morning in a spoonful of the Syrup of Cup-moss To some endued with a hot constitution and while they cough their countenance is spread with redness or rather blackness I have prescribed Phlebotomy or drawing of blood with Leeches to two or three ounces with good success Take Hog-lice living and cleansed two ounces powder of Aniseed a dram Nutmeg half a dram fine Sugar an ounce bruise them together and pour upon them six ounces of hysop-Hysop-water of Magistral Snail-water two ounces stir them together a little and press them out hard the dose two or three spoonfuls twice a day Hitherto of a Cough and its Remedy while it is only an entrance to a Consumption now it remains to treat throughly of the distemper it self having passed the limits of this dangerous disease and to design a method of curing and the forms of romedies which are proper to heal an inveterate Cough when either being neglected or not easily giving place to remedies it begins to degenerate into a Phthisis namely when it arrives to that state that the blood being dissolved in its consistence doth not only pour out the superfluous Sorum but also the nutritive Juice and perhaps the nervous the Lympha and other its superfluities on the Lungs and lodges them within its passages Of what sort the beginning of a consumptive Cough it and in the mean time the corruption of the Lungs is so much increased that the little Bladders being distended or many of them broke into one so that a solution of continuity or an Ulcer being caused a greater plenty of corruption is daily heaped in and moreover the matter in that place gathered together because it is suffered to abide there long putrifies and for that reason doth still more corrupt the Lungs themselves and defile the blood flowing through In this case the Therapeutical indications shall be chiefly these three Three indications concerning its cure 1. To stop the dissolution of the blood 2. To draw out the filth from the Lungs 3. To heal the Lungs hurt viz. in the first place to stop the dissolution of the blood which is the root of all this evil and to make provision that it pour not out the matter any longer in such abundance upon the Lungs Secondly by expectorating the purulent matter heaped up within the Lungs and to evacuate it quickly and sufficiently Thirdly to strengthen and dry the Lungs loosned from their unity or being too loose or moist or otherwise infirm lest they be daily more and more corrupted and give more reception to the morbific matter Every of these indications suggests various intentions of healing and requires remedies of divers kinds and many ways of administrations The chief of which we shall here briefly treat of 1. The first indication suggests three intentions of healing Therefore what the first indication suggests that the dissolution of blood may be prohibited these three things as much as may be ought to be procured viz. First that the mass of blood may contain and assimilate whatsoever of nutritive juice it may be furnished with and that it be so proportioned that it neither offend in quality nor in quantity Secondly that the acidities either generated in the blood or poured into it from some other place may be so destroyed that the blood retaining as yet its mixture or temperament may not be prone to flowings and pourings out Thirdly and lastly that all the excrements produced in the blood may be derived from the Lungs to other Emunctories and places of Evacuations 1. The first intention that the nutritive juice may be proportioned to the blood and assimilated by it As to the first intention of healing viz. that the nutritive Juice may be proportioned to the blood let it be advised before all things that they who cough and are phthisical abstain chiefly from drink and that they take liquid things in a very small quantity for that the blood being infirm in its temperament so long as it is not too much imbued with fresh juice may be able to digest small portions and retain it within its own consistence Moreover let that fresh juice consist
of such kind of particles which being mild and thin may be tamed by the blood and assimilated without any effervescence or heat Wherefore Asses milk also sometimes Cows or Goats milk also Water-gruel Cream of Barley Ptisan Almond-milks and other simple nourishments will better agree and nourish more than Flesh Eggs and Gelly-broaths strong Ale Wine or any other kind of richer fare Secondly 2. That the acidities of the blood and other humours be taken away that the blood retaining its own temperament be not easily dissolved into serosities injurious to the Lungs it behoves that as well the acidities of it self as of other humors mixt therewith and chiefly the nervous and limpid ones be destroyed which intention Medicines prepared with Brimstone will best accomplish which for that cause in this case provided a hectic Feaver be not present may be more frequently and in abundance taken Wherefore the Tincture the Balsam the Syrup the Flowers and Milk of Sulphur in somewhat a large Dose may be exhibited twice or thrice a day For the same reason traumatic or vulnerary Decoctions also Decoctions of the pectoral Herbs commonly so called also of the Woods are to be taken instead of ordinary drink Moreover the Powder of Crabs eyes Hog-lice and other things endued with an Alcali or volatile Salt are often administred with great success 3. That the excrements of the blood be drawn off from the Lungs The third intention of healing respecting the first indication viz. that the superfluous dregs of the depraved blood if they shall be very much predominant being commanded out from the Lungs may be discharged by other Emunctories suggests very many ways to be used for their dispatch For besides Phlebotomy Diuresie and sometimes a gentle Purgation which take place in all Coughs yea in the beginning of a consumptive Cough or Phthisis hither also ought to be referred Baths taking in a more warm air whereby they may more freely transpire also Frictions of the extreme parts Dropaces Issues Blisterings or Depilatories Errhines Gargles and other private or public sluices either of humors or vapors The second indication in the beginning of a Phthisis viz. that the consumptive matter laid aside within the Lungs may be easily and daily evacuated Second indication requires expectorating Medicines is performed by expectorating Medicines These are said to operate after a twofold matter according to which their virtue is conveyed two ways to the Lungs For of those being taken by the mouth some immediately dismiss their active particles into the Trachea which partly by making the way slippery and loosning the matter impacted and partly by provoking the excretory Fibres into Convulsions do procure expectoration in which number are chiefly accounted Linctus's and Fumigations The expectorating Remedies of another kind which deservedly are accounted more available do exercise their energie by the passage of the blood For whereas they consist of such kind of particles which cannot be digested and assimilated by the mass of blood being spread through the blood because they cannot be mixt with it they are presently again exterminated and so penetrate from the pneumonic Arteries into the tracheal passages where lighting on the matter they divide and attenuate and so disturb it that the little fibres being irritated from thence and successively contracted while they cough the contents of the Trachea and of its little bladders are ejected upwards into the mouth Medicines proper for this use besides Sulphur and the preparations of it are artificial Balsams distilled with Oil of Turpentine Tinctures and Syrups of Gum Ammoniac Galbanum Asa foetida Garlick Leeks and such like yielding a strong scent from which also Lohochs and Eclegma's are prepared And these work both ways partly by slipping into the Trachea and partly by entring the Lungs by the circulation of the blood and assault the morbific matter both before and behind and so exclude it with the greater force 3. What belongs to the third indication viz. that the frame of the Lungs being hurt or their constitution vitiated may be either restored or amended Third indication is performed by Balsamicks and vulneraries such things are of use as resisting putrefaction do cleanse heal dry and strengthen to which intent also Remedies prepared of Sulphur Balsamics and Vulneraries do agree Hence some Empirics do not only successfully prescribe the smoak of Sulphur vivum but also of Auripigmentum to be suckt through a Pipe or Funnel into the Lungs Moreover it is for this reason that change of air and soil viz. from Cities to the Country or sulphureous air or the passage from one Region into another that is hotter is of such a signal advantage Hitherto of the Method of Healing which seems to be of use against the more painful Cough or Phthisis beginning now it remains according to all those curatory indications to subjoin certain select forms of Medicines which also according to the way of healing described above in a slight Cough which is short of a Phthisis Forms of remedies for a consumption we shall distinguish into certain ranks viz. which are Mixtures Linctus's Lohochs Tinctures Balsams Troches Lozenges Powders Pills Decoctions and distilled Waters We shall set down some Examples of each of these whereto also may be referred some of the forms of Medicines before described for a beginning Cough and not as yet consumptive 1. Magisterial Medicines and Syrups Take of our Syrup of Sulphur three ounces Mixtures water of Earth-worms an ounce tincture of Saffron two drams mingle them Take one spoonful at night and first in the morning Take of Syrup of the juyce of Ground-Ivy three ounces snail-Snail-water an ounce flour of Brimstone a dram mix them by shaking The Dose one spoonful at night and morning Take of tincture of Sulphur two drams Laudanum tartarizated a dram Syrup of the juice of Ground-ivy two ounces cinamon-Cinamon-water two drams the dose one spoonful at bed-time and if sleep be wanting towards morning Syrupus Diasulphuris Take of Sulphur prepared after our manner half an ounce Syrups best Canary wine two pints let them be digested 28 hours in a water or sand Bath which being done take of the finest Sugar two pounds dissolved in elder-flower-Elder-flower-water and boil to a height to make tablets afterwards pour to it by little and little Wine coloured with Sulphur and warm let it boil a little on the fire strain it through woolen You will have a most delicate Syrup of a gold colour and for coughs and other distempers of the lungs where a hectic Feaver and heat of the Praecordium is absent most profitable the dose a spoonful morning and evening by it self or with other Pectorals Syrup of Garlick Take ten or twelve cloves of Garlick stript from the little skins and cut into slices Aniseeds bruised half an ounce Elicampane sliced three drams Liquorish two drams let them digest for two or three days in a pint and half of spirit of Wine close and
dram to be strewed upon burning coals Take Gum of Ivie Of the more strong Frankincense of each two drams Flower of Brimstone one dram and half Mastich one dram with a dissolution of gum Tragacanth form Troches Take of white Amber Arsenicals Olibanum of each two drams prepared Orpiment half an Ounce Styrax Labdanum of each one dram and half with solution of Gum tragacanth make Troches for fumigation Mountebanks do ordinarily prescribe the smoak of Arsnick to be suckt into the mouth Smoak of Auripigment like Tobacco kindled in a Pipe and sometimes with good success Moreover it is in practice with the Vulgar to burn like Tobacco in a Pipe little bits of cloth stained with Arsenick such as wherewith the walls of Taverns are hung and so suck the smoak into the consumptive Lungs for cure 3. Of a confirm'd Consumption These things being thus unfolded concerning a Cough and a Phthisis beginning both as to what belongs to the Pathologie and cure it remains now lastly to discourse of a more painfull Phthisis confirm'd and almost desperate and to consult what is to be perform'd when the lungs being very much vitiated and affected with one or more filthy ulcers neither the air nor the blood do rightly pass through them but choak or corrupt the mass thereof by continually suggesting filthy corruption insomuch that a hectick feaver and an Atrophie by reason of nourishment being frustrated infest the diseased with the loss of all their faculties and by daily weakening their strength precipitate them to the grave The most certain sign of this disease growing desperate uses to be accounted a pain very troublesome with an inflammation of the throat for this symptom argues a great putrefaction of the lungs from whence the putrid effluvia's exhaling are thrown about in the narrow passage of the throat The formal reason thereof which wound and grievously irritate those tender fibres there In this case the cleansing of the lungs as also the drying up of the Ulcer are in vain designed for all hotter Medicines ordain'd for those purposes and fit enough in the beginning of a Phthisis are not to be endured in a confirmed one inasmuch as augmenting the inflammation of the lungs they procure a hectick feaver thirst wathings and other more painfull symptomes or call them back afresh For truly in such a state of this disease where onely the prolongation of life is proposed with a light toleration and an easie death those remedies help chiefly which bridle the fervour of the blood allay the heat in the Praecordia and restore the sprits and gently cherish them Hence for food Asses Milk also Water-gruel Barly-broths Cream of Barly and for drink Ptisan Emulsions water of milk distilled with Snails and temperate pectoral herbs are usually of greatest success Forms of remedies in a desperate Consumption Syrups and Linctus's which appease the inflammation of the throat and Lungs and facilitate expectoration but chiefly the more mild Hypnoticks whereby moderate rest may be procured may be frequently or daily taken The forms of these are common enough but however according to our method we will annex some of the more select of each kind Take of Barly half an ounce Decoctions candied Eringo roots 6 drams parings of Apples one handfull Raisins stoned two ounces Liquorish three drams boyl them in three pints of spring-spring-water to two make a Ptisan to restrain thirst take it 3 or 4 times a day also in the room of ordinary drink if it agree Take the tayls of twenty Crevises candied Eringo roots one ounce a crust of white-bread Raisins stoned two ounces Liquorish 3 drams boyl them in 3 pints of spring-Spring-water to two strain it and take 3 or 4 ounces three times a day After the same manner is prepared the Decoction of Snails Take of Snails half-boyled and cut three pound Distilled waters ground-Ivy 6 handfulls Nutmegs sliced numb 6. crum of white-bread two pound fresh milk 8 pounds distill it in a Pewter Still The same way is distilled the water of Crevise-tayls The dose 3 or 4 ounces three times a day Hypnoticks sweetned with pearl'd Sugar or Sugar of Roses Take ears of greeen Wheat as many as convenient distill them in a common still drink three or four ounces three times a day sweeten'd with pearl'd Sugar Take syrup de Meconio three ounces water of green Wheat 6 ounces mix them Hypnoticks drink two or three spoonfulls at bed-time every or every other night Take Conserve of Mallow-flowers wild or garden three ounces Lohoch de pino two ounces Eclegma's Syrup of Jujubes two ounces make a Lohoch of which take often a dram and half or two drams What hitherto we have discoursed of concerning a Cough of every kind whether it be solitary and simple or the forerunner and companion of a Phthisis also what is to be prescrib'd in every case touching the method of healing it would be easily illustrated by the history of Cures or by the Anatomical observations on those that have dyed by that disease For instances of this sort and very many examples are every where had and happen daily it pleases us here to annex a few of the more select out of the large choice of these accommodated to the chief kinds of a Cough and Phthisis And first I will endeavour to illustrate the type of a simple Cough by one history or two and which takes its rise of it self and is altogether void of the suspicion of a Phthisis It is now many years since I took care of the health of a certain Student The History of a Cough threatening a Consumption obnoxious to a Cough from his tender years and who was wont frequently to undergo the more painfull affections of it and those of long continuance This person seemed of a melancholick temper of a sharp wit of an indefatigable spirit of a constitution indifferently strong but that his Lungs originally being infirm did suffer when the blood dissolv'd into serosities In Summer as long as he transpired freely he lived healthily enough but in the Spring and Autumn when the blood changing its temperament those serous fluxes came upon him either of their own accord or from any sleight occasion he fell easily into a Cough with abundant and thick spittle notwithstanding this distemper frequently within six or seven dayes as soon as the mass of blood was purged throughly by the Lungs vanished leisurely without any great use of remedies But if to the aforesaid occasions of this disease were added some stronger causes as chiefly the obstruction of the pores and errors touching his diet sometimes a more prodigious and stubborn cough neither presently nor easily yielding to remedies and threatning nothing less than a Phthisis did come upon him then manifestly the patient for the first days suffered light shiverings in his whole body and the sense of a Catarrh in his Larynx afterwards by frequent
coughing with thin spittle together with a giddiness he was afflicted with numness of his senses and a dropping at his nostrils In this state his best remedy was wont to be and frequently tryed with success to drink a little more freely generous Wine and any other liquor very sparingly for so the acidity and fluor of the blood being suppressed and transpiration procured more freely he was much eased and sometimes recovered health in a short time Moreover at night and early in the morning he was used to take seven or eight drops of the tincture of Sulphur in a spoonfull of Syrup of Violets or of the Juice of Ground Ivy or Take Conserve of red Roses three ounces spirit of Turpentine two drams mingled the dose the quantity of a chesnut evening and morning If that these remedies together with the Canary Antidote and thin diet effected little the disease not being so cured spinning out into a long period and pressing him sharply for many weeks yea sometimes months it reduced the sick to a remarkable leanness and to the very brink of the Grave For then the Cough daily encreasing and being very troublesome did very much impede and break his sleep his strength languished his appetite was dejected heat and thirst molested him in the mean time spittle every day encreased and was cast forth in great plenty so that not onely the Serum of the blood and the recrements but also the nutritive Juice and the drainings of the solid parts being continually poured out upon the lungs turn'd into corruption which was abundantly cough'd out moreover his breath was difficult his joints very infirm and his flesh very much consumed When of late our patient laboured after this manner we prescribed the following method and remedies by the continued use whereof at length he recovered his health First of all a thinner diet being appointed him and for the most part Ale being forbidden altogether he took twice in the day of the following Apozeme about six ounces warm and a little at other times cold to restrain his thirst Take of the roots of China two ounces Sarsaparilla three ounces white and yellow Sanders of each one ounce Ivory and Harts-horn of each three drams infuse and boyl them in 8 pints of water to half adding Raisins of the Sun 3 ounces Liquorish 3 drams strein it and keep it for ordinary drink Take tincture of Sulphur three drams take from seven drops to ten at night and in the morning in a spoonfull of syrup of Violets or of syrup of the juice of Ground-Ivy When he began by continual use to nauseate this Medicine in its place the following Eclegma was appointed Take conserve of red Roses three ounces spirit of Turpentine two drams mix them the dose is one dram at the same hours Afterwards instead hereof the following Powder was sometimes taken Take of the powder of the leaves of ground-Ivy dryed in the Summer Sun three ounces Sugar-candy half an ounce mix them the dose half a spoonfull twice in a day with three ounces of the following water Take Ground-Ivy 6 handfulls Hyssop white Hore-hound of each 4 handfulls Lambs-lungs half-boyl'd and cut small pour upon them eight pound of Posset-drink made with small ale distill it in common Organs the liquor being mixed let it be sweetned to the taste as it is used with Sugar-candy or syrup of Violets To appease his almost continually troublesome Cough Troches he swallowed the following Troches and sometimes a little of the extract of Liquorish Take of the species of Diatragacanth frig 3 drams Annise Carue sweet Fennel-seeds of each half a dram flower of Brimstone two scruples flowers of Benzoin one scruple extract of Liquorish dissolv'd in Hyssop-water make a paste which form into Troches Or Take of Species Diaireos è pulm Vulpis of each two drams flower of Sulphur of Elecampane of each half a dram Oyl of Anniseeds ℈ ss Sugar dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of Penniroyal-water and boyl'd to a body ℥ vj. form Lozenges of half a dram weight let him eat one swallowing it by degrees as oft as he will In the midst of this course although he was endowed with a weak pulse and more cold temperature we breath'd a vein in his arm moreover with these remedies the chiefest help accrued to him from the open air which for the most part he daily enjoyed either by riding on Horse-back or in a Coach for from hence he first began to recover his appetite his digestion and sleep whereto afterwards a relaxation of the other symptoms did sensibly follow till at length he recovered his entire health As often as he was afflicted since then with a stubborn and tedious Cough he used a method like this and with the like success and now although he lives altogether exempt from that distemper notwithstanding he is constrained to decline carefully all occasions or causes whereby either the pores might be shut or the flux of blood or its precipitation into serosities might be provok'd which were chiefly his going by water on the Thames at London and drinking of acid liquors as Cider French or Rhenish wine From the above-mentined history you may easily conceive both the means and the reason of healing of the Cough which caused by the fault of the blood is without the limits of a Phthisis The other follows which illustrates the nature of the same distemper when it chiefly proceeds from the nervous juice A Boy about ten years of age The second remarkable History of a hot temper and fresh countenance from his infancy obnoxious to a frequent Cough in his succeeding years sustained more grievous and lasting fits and assaults of this distemper and by turns was used to labour with a strong and shrill Cough A hooping Cough without spitting which almost continually afflicted him day and night and so infesting him many days yea weeks brought the sick to utter weakness Afterwards the period of his disease being come which happened not but by consuming the store of th morbific matter he again in a short time became healthy enough and very free from any sickness of the Thorax till the morbific matter as it seems being heaped again to great abundance without any evident cause the same distemper returned and performed its Tragedy with its wonted fierceness About its first beginning the Cough was troublesom only morning and evening after wards the evilby little and little increasing he almost continually coughed whole days and nights and if at any time sleep happening of it self or by the use of Anodynes afforded any truce a more outragious fit of couhing succeeded his wakening After this manner most frequently and fiercely coughing without any spittle he laboured for three or four weeks till he was brought to an extreme leanness and weakness and then the sickness leisurely remitted so that he coughed somewhat seldomer and enjoyed moderate sleeps afterwards in few days growing very hungry being quickly made full of flesh
and vigorous he recovered his former health in a short time Fits of this kind more seldom infested him in Summer-season but in the restof the year repeated three or four turns and brought the sick even into great hazard of life If disquisition be made of the nature causes and formal reason of this unwonted and as it were irregular kind of Coung it is manifest it proceeds like all other from the provocation of the Lungs nevertheless as to the matter exciting its seat and manner of affecting it is doubted because neither thick spittle nor plentiful thin as is usual in other distempers is here cast out neither doth the Patient complain of feeling a Catarrh nor of any weight of the Lungs Wherefore not as in a common Cough does the serous humour either slowly or plentifully sweating out of the Trachea or pneumonic vessels into the little bladders or pipes of the Trachea induce the afore mentioned symptoms But it is plain from thence that the passages of the aspera Arteria are wholly empty of the serous or thick humour because the deep and sounding Cough throws off nothing Moreover neither from the blood impacted in the Membranes of the Lungs doth this Cough take its origine because neither feaver nor thirst nor pain are present here as in a Peripneumonie Besides neither doth the morbific matter seem to adhere to the nerves or muscles appointed to the function of breathing because then besides a Cough Asthmatical or otherwise convulsive fits would sometimes urge with a sense of strangling which notwithstanding did not happen to our patient Having frequently and seriously meditated about the aetiologies of this very difficult case I am at length induced to think that a certain serous and sharp matter as being loaded with a scorbutical taint falling from the head by the passage of the nerves doth enter into the nervous fibres and Membranes of the lungs or Trachea which cleaving throughly to them is by degrees encreased to a fulness The conjuct cause of the disease and at length being chaf'd and grown turgid with a perpetual provocation creates so troublesom a Cough We have in another place declared the matter of this kind impacted in the Coats of the guts and the neighbouring parts about them not rarely to excite a scorbutical Colick for many days yea sometimes weeks infesting them with vo miting and a most sharp torment and what else is this Coungh but a certain convulsive distemper of the lungs whose taint notwithstanding according to the capacity of the part labouring is imprest rather and more on the motive than on the sensitive Power For the lungs however twicht adn hurt do suffer small pain or scarce any at all notwithstanding from any light occasion they are invaded by storms and fits of coughing Indeed we compare this distemper of coughing so much the rather to the Colick because the subjects of either of them that is to say the Trachea and the guts as to their coats vessels little fibres and glandules are after the same manner fashioned The chief cause of the Cough now deseribed depends upon the morbific matter heaped together within the little fibres of the rough arteries to a provoking fulness wherewith when they are loaded first a quick and painfull breathing infests onely with amornings Cough because from the beginning onely some small portion of that matter being disquieted provoke the part afterwards when the whole mass thereof growing turgid almost perpetually twitches the fibres there follows a most troublesom cough which also being often repeated endures a long season because the morbifick mass impacted in the parts affected is neither presently cast off by the strength of nature nor easily gives place to any remedies For in all the fits of this disease I have made tryal of various methods of curing and of medicines of divers kinds though with little success That distemper beginning at any time is wont to make a long period maugre all remedies The medicines commonly called pectoral as Syrups Lohochs Eclegma's or Lambitives have conferred little benefit to its cure not withstanding sometimes it hath seemed good to admit of them into use for this purpose that they might make slippery and moisten the Lungs lest they run the hazard of being rent by a violent Cough and their vessels burst asunder for sometimes a more fierce fit troubling our sick Patient he hath been wont to cough out a little blood though no thick spittle A gentle Purge both in the beginning and declination of this distemper hath succeeded well Opening and diuretical Apozemes are ever administred with success both which he used enough through his whole course instead of ordinary drink Evening and morning he took some drops of the Tincture of Sulphut with the Milk-water of Snails late at night I was sometimes constrained to administer a Dose of Diacodion or of liquid Laudanum his belly for the most part loose enough that it seldom required Clysters in two of his fits he breathed a vein whereby nothing of success ensued In the last fit The usual method of curing beinning about the Autumnal Equinoctial which passed away a little more lightly and gently this following method of healing was observed First of all this Purge was given A Purge and after four days repeated Take of Mercurius dulcis ten grains Resine of Jallop four grains mix and make a powder to be taken in a spoonful of Syrup of Violets Take China-roots sliced a dram A Drink Grass-roots three ounces Chervil an ounce candid Eringoes six drams shavings of Ivory Harts-horn each three drams Raisins of the Sun stoned three ounces boil these in three pints of spring-Spring-water to two pints strain it and use it for ofdinary drink Take syrup of Jujubes two ounces A Mixture Diacodion an ounce spirit of Salt Armoniac with Gum Ammoniac a dram mix them the dose a spoonful at night and early in the morning He was mauch relieved with this medicine notwithstanding he took it only every other or third day and for change sometimes a dose of the tincture of Sulphur with syrup of Violets The disease declining a Purge was twice repeated and afterwards recovering his health by degrees within two weeks he became healthy enough But when I beheld him not only obnoxious to frequent relapses of coughing but every fit to be irresistible when it assaulted him and its stay very long notwithstanding the use of remedies and all this threatning no less than a Phthisis at length I advised that as well for his preservation as for the more easie cure of the distemper if it should return he should travel into a hotter Region Hereupon he did not much delay but sails into France about the beginning of November and from thence by a straight journey to Montpelier where abiding half a year he was sick only twice and both tiems lightly afterwards returning into England quite free from a Cough praise be to God he enjoys his perfect health
may be some-how shut 1. That the blood may not flow to the part distempered 1. It stops the flux of blood there are many intentions of healing in use viz. it will be requisite to diminish the abundance of blood to restrain the boiling thereof to alter the intemperament and depress its motion or divert it another way for which purposes Phlebotomy Ligatures and Frictions are often convenient also Juleps Decoctions Emulsious and succulent Expressions of Herbs ought to be drunk Likewise moderate Hypnotics and in the first place Diacodiates are exhibited with success for these by restraining the motion of the Heart do force the blood to cool 2. That the opening of the vessel may be shut 2. It shuts the opening of the Vessels astringent and agglutinating remedies are in the first place convenient The chief of these are used to be exhibited in the form of a Linctus so that while one swallows certain particles gliding into the rough Artery may more immediately communicate their power to the part diseased But the reason of this operation seems not to be of any great moment because the efficacy of the Medicines themselves chiefly and almost only by the conduct of blood reaches to the seat of the disease Wherefore not only Lohochs but also Decoctions Powders and Pills of vulnerary and balsamic Ingredients are prescribed with success The forms hereof we shall annex beneath II. The second indication which is also preservatory II. The second preservatory indication respecting the healing of the dissolution of unity without any remaining hurt of the Lungs ought to provide against two sorts of evils viz. lest the spitting blood whereunto the distempered are afterwards always prone begin again and lest a Phthisis succeed which threatens every body subject to the Haemoptosis For these ends for the prevention of this disease daily care and constant course of healing ought to be ministred to the blood and Lungs 1. As to the blood the mass thereof ought to be contained ever in a due quantity 1. It respects the blood which is to be kept in a right Crasia and a right temperament with a mild and equal motion Hence lest it superabound or distempered with a Dycrasie enter into turgescencies or lodge its impure feculencies in the breast it is requisite sometimes to use Phlebotomy and a gentle Purgation An exact course of Diet is always necessary Moreover for the depurating and sweetning the blood drinking of Asses milk or of Medicinal waters sometimes does greatly help But Decoctions distilled Waters Juices of Herbs which carry away the ill temperaments of blood and derive the Serum and other impurities from the Lungs and bring them forth either by Sweat or Urine are to be carefully drunk Besides for this purpose Issues do chiefly conduce 2. Neither ought there to be less care of the Lungs themselves 2. A 〈◊〉 frame of the Lungs to be procured namely that the whole frame thereof and chiefly the place affected be preserved in due frame and right tone Hence every violent motion whereby its unity is more dissolved or the restitution thereof hindred should be industriously declined Let the party live in a clear and open air but not too fierce or sharp let him abstain from grosser foods from Noon-sleeps from plentiful Suppers and other errors in diet which induce either repletion or obstruction upon the Praecordia But let remedies be admitted in daily use which by a peculiar property or certain specifick vertue are reported to heal the Lungs The method of healing requisite for spitting of blood being shadowed after this manner there yet remains as to all the therapeutic indications and according to the various intentions of healing which belong to them for us to subjoyn some more choice forms of Remedies whose Van those deservedly lead which meeting with the symptom most urging do suddenly restrain the flux of blood cast out by coughing or otherwise out of the Lungs In the first rank of these Medicines those are reckon'd which hinder the blood from flowing to the part affected and together are impregnate with a certain astrictive and agglutinative power whereby the opening of the vessel may be shut The forms of Medicines and after the Belly being cleared with a Clyster and Phlebotomie unless a weak pulse and defect of heat withstand it made use of there is wont to be given somewhat in form of a Julep Decoction Emulsion juicy Expression Powder Pills or Lohochs We will annex certain more elegant and more efficacious Receipts of all of these as likewise of Narcoticks which notwithstanding ought not every where and indifferently to be used but methodically and seasonably according to advice of a discreet Physician according to the various constitution of the patient and condition of the disease 1. Juleps and Distilled Waters Take of Purslain and poppy-Poppy-water of each 6 ounces Juleps Dragons-blood in most fine powder half a dram syrup of red Poppies two ounces spirit of Vitriol of Mars ℈ ss mix them the dose ℥ iij. repeated once in 5 or 6 hours Take of plantane-Plantane-water lb j. Gum Tragacanth and Arabick powder'd of each ʒss mingle and dissolve them after adding syrup of dryed Roses ℥ j ss make a Julep the Dose ℥ iij. or ℥ iiij every third or fourth hour Take of the water of Oak-buds red Roses Water-lillies of each ℥ iiij of Blood-stone finely ground Bole-Armenick powder'd of each ʒss syrup of Water-lillies ℥ ij mix them the dose ℥ iij. or ℥ iiij three or four times a day Take of the Dew or almost insipid Phlegm of Vitriol lb j. Syr. of Myrtles ℥ ij mix them Distilled Waters the dose ℥ ij or ℥ iij. often in the day or in the night Take of Cypress-tops M. viij of the leaves or flowers of Willow M. vj. the greater Comfry-roots Water-lillies of each lbss Pomegranate flowers M. ij All being cut small together pour on them lb viij of new Milk let it be distill'd in common Organs the dose ℥ iij. or iiij often in a day Take of this distill'd Water and of Plantane-water of each lbss Gumm Tragacanth and Arabick of each ʒ ij dissolve them the dose is ℥ iij. every third hour The following Mixture is prescribed by Dr. Frederick Decker to be taken a spoonfull at a time in spitting blood and seems a very beneficial one Take of Plantane-water ℥ ij Cinnamon-water ʒ ij conf of Hyacinth ʒ iss distill'd Vinegar ℥ ss of red Coral prepar'd ʒss Balaustins Dragons-blood of each ℈ ss Laudanum Opiate gr iij. Syr. of Myrtles ℥ j. mingle them Take of Plantane red Rose and Purslain-water of each ℥ iiij of Blood-stone and Dragons blood reduced into fine-powder A Julep of each half a dram Sugar-Candy ʒ vj. make a Julep A Solution of common Vitriol or of Vitriol of Mars made in Spring-water and applyed with a rag to a wound wonderfully stops bleeding but is scarcely convenient to be given inwardly 2. Decoctions Tinctures and
Emulsions Take the leaves of Blood-wort Apozems Periwincle Mouse-ear Plantane Wood-sorrel both sorts of Daisies of each one handfull red Rose leaves half a handfull Barly half an ounce Raisins two ounces boyl them in three pints of Smith-forge water filtred or water wherein hot Iron hath been often quencht to two pints To the strain'd liquor add two ounces of the syrup of the Juice of St. John's-wort or of Mouse-ear make an Apozeme dose from four ounces to six three times in a day Take the leaves of St. John's Wort roots and leaves of Tormentil of the greater Burnet Meadow-sweet of each one handfull of the seeds of Purslain Plantane Sorrel of each one dram Conserve of red Roses half a pound spring-Spring-water eight pound boyl them for 12 hours in Balneo Mariae to it being strained adde half a scruple of the spirit of Vitriol of Mars to be taken as the former Take of Barly-water with Madder-roots boyled in it a pound and half Tinctures infuse in it being warm a handfull of red Rose-leaves adding one scruple of spirit of Vitriol after three hours strain it adding Syrup of the Juice of St. John's wort one ounce and half take three or four ounces three or four times a day Take of the decoction of the roots of fresh Nettles a pound and a half Emulsions white Poppy and Henbane-seeds of each two drams Melon-seeds 6 drams make an Emulsion sweeten it with Sugar penids the dose is three ounces three or four times in a day 3. Juices of Herbs and juicy Expressions Take of the Juice of Plantane half a pound Juyces of Herbs take two or three drams three times a day in 3 ounces of the distilled water prescribed before sweeten it to please Take of fresh Nettles Plantane the smaller Daisies of each 3 handfulls bruise them and pour upon them of Purslain-water 6 drams make an expression take it as the former 4. Powders and Pills Take of the powder of Blood-stone Dragons-blood ground with Rose-water on a Marble Powders Pearles of each one dram Bole Armenick and Earth of Lemnos of each half a dram Troches of Winter-cherries two drams make a powder divide it into twelve parts one part to be taken three times a day in the former distill'd water Take of Henbane white Poppy-seeds of each 10 drams sealed Earth red Coral of each 5 drams Sugar of Roses three ounces make a powder the dose one dram morning and evening this composition made up with a fit Syrup into a soft consistence was anciently call'd and renowned in Germany by the name of Helidaeus Electuary The aforesaid Powders with the addition of Gum Tragacanth dissolv'd or some fit syrup Pills may be reduced into Pills or Lozenges The spongious excrescence usually growing to the fruit of Hipps or Dog-bryar reduced into powder half a dram taken twice a day is a very profitable remedy in spitting blood Take of Yarrow bruised and dryed in the Summer-Sun as much as you please reduce it into powder to be kept in a Glass the dose from half a dram to a dram twice a day in any convenient liquor Julius Caesar Scaliger's Powder or rather that of Serapion is mightily commended Dose four drams twice or thrice a day 5. Lohochs and Electuaries Take conserve of red Roses of Dog-rose of each two ounces Electuaries powder of white Poppy and Henbane seeds of each two drams species Diatragacanth frig one dram and half of Blood-stone Dragons-blood prepared of each half a dram Syrup of red Poppyes what will suffice to make an Electuary Take the quantity of a Chesnut evening and morning at other times let him lick with a liquorish stick Take conserve of the greater Comfry flowers of Water-lillies Lohochs of each an ounce and half Troches of Winter-cherries of Diatragacanth frig of each a dram and a half syrup of Jujubes what will suffice to make a soft Electuary of which lick often Take of the white of an Egge well beaten two drams Sugar of Roses one dram of white Starch three drams make a Lohoch to be taken often with a spoon Take of Conserve of red Roses 3 ounces Leucatella 's Balsam half an ounce Troches of Winter-cherries two drams Syrup of red Poppies what suffices to make a soft Lohoch the dose is the quantity of a Chesnut night and morning II. The second Indication The second preservatory Indication exhibits such remedies which by containing the blood in its right temper and the Lungs in their due frame do provide against a relapse of spitting blood and the following of a Phthisis Such things which respect the blood The first intention in respect of the blood either are mild evacuators by Stool Urine or Sweat or are meerly Alteratives Every of these are usually prescrib'd either in form of Potion Powder Electuary or Pills We will here shew you the most select patterns of the chief of them 1. A Purge As to Evacuators a gentle Purgative is sometimes appointed after this manner Take of the best Senna three drams Cassia fistula bruised one ounce Tamarinds three drams Coriander-seeds a dram and a half boyl them in spring-Spring-water to 6 ounces to it strain'd add syrup of Chichory with Rhubarb one ounce clarifie it with the white of an Egge Or Take 4 ounces of Gereons decoction of Senna Syrup of Apples purging one ounce mingle them and make a potion 2. Alteratives That the good temper of the blood may be preserved and the superfluities drained from the Lungs may be continually discharged by Sweat and Urine these following Alteratives or some of them are for the most part receiv'd in constant use which also being endued with a healing power do succour the weak Lungs or those whose Unity is dissolv'd For ordinary drink let simple water especially in a hot constituion or being colour'd with a little Claret-wine be drunk Those with whom this doth not agree a Bochet of China Sarsa with shavings of Ivory Harts-horn with white Sanders or small Beer or small Ale with the leaves of Harts-tongue Oak of Jerusalem and the like infused are frequently used with good success Pectoral Decoctions or Hydromels with temperate Vulneraries are taken twice or thrice a day to 6 or 7 ounces Take of fresh Nettles Decoctions Chervil of each one ounce Harts-tongue Speedwell Mouse-ear Ground-Ivy St. Johns wort of each a hand-full boyl them in three pints of spring-Spring-water to two points adding Raisins stoned an ounce and half Liquorish two drams to it strain'd add Syrup Byzantine two ounces clarifie it with the white of an Egge make an Apozeme to be taken from 4. ounces to 6 twice or thrice in a day for a month In a more cold or phlegmatick constitution let the Liquorish and Raisins with the Syrup be omitted adde at last of Hony well clarified two ounces strain it and keep it for use The Dose is the same The use of these is sometimes intermingled with a distilled water
case it be very much wanting and also externally to alleviate the pain of the side Of the former kinde the more usual are the distill'd water syrup and powder of red Poppies which are esteemed Specificks in a Pleurisie and in a Peripneumonie Moreover when the pain is very acute Anodynes and watchings instant upon the patient they may lawfully drink Diacodiates Against pains Liniments Fomentations Cataplasmes and sometimes the hot bowels of Animals newly slain are convenient to be applyed These are the principal Intentions of healing which seem requisite to cure an exquisite and simple Pleurisie before it contracts a Peripneumonie to it self or passes into it or into an Empyema It only remains to adapt to each of these the more select forms of Medicaments First therefore in the beginning of the Disease for taking away the Phlegmon Forms of Remedies Juleps Apozemes Powders and gentle loosening Clysters are wont to be prescribed Take water of Carduus Mariae eight ounces red Poppies 4 ounces First for the removing the Inflammation Juleps Syrup of red Poppies one ounce sal Prunella one drachm make a Julep the dose two or three ounces every third hour Take of Grass-roots 4 ounces Barly half an ounce Apple-parings one handfull Apozemes Raisins one ounce Liquorish two drams boyl them in three pints of spring-Spring-water to two clarifie the strained liquor adding Syrup of Violets one ounce and half Sal Prunella one dram and half make an Apozeme the dose 3 or 4 ounces often in a day Take of Sal Prunella two drams flowers of Nitre one dram Powders powder of red Poppy flowers two scruples Sugar-candy 4 scruples make a powder the dose half a dram three or four times in a day Take of the Decoction of Mallows leaves and roots with Prunes A Purge one pound syrup of Violets three ounces Sal Prunella one dram make a Clyster Take Cassia bruised two ounces Tamarinds one ounce Damask-Rose leaves one handful Coriander-seeds two drams boyl'd in spring-Spring-water to a pint strain it and adde Syrup of Chicory with Rhubarb two drams clarifie it with the White of an Egge the dose is 5 or 6 ounces in the morning continued for two or three dayes Secondly The following are of use to dissolve the clamminess or coagulating viscosity of the blood in form of a Drink of a Powder and of Spirit Secondly for the taking away the Clamminess of the Blood Take fresh Horse-dung 4 ounces carduus-Carduus-water one pound and half infuse it warm for two hours after filtre it to which adde syrup of the juice of Dandelyon or of Chicory An Infusion of Horse-dung two ounces Spirit of salt Armoniack one dram let five or six spoonfuls be given three or four times in a day To this end Water of Horse-dung wonderfully profits Take of Horse-dung 4 pounds leaves of Carduus Benedictus Carduus Mariae Scabious And distilled water Pimpornel of each three handfuls upon them cut and mixt together pour six pints of new Milk distill them in common Organs The Dose is from two Ounces to three either with it self or with other distill'd Waters in form of a Julep For the same use the Tinctures or the solutions of other Dungs are administred by some Physitians and highly magnified by them Helmont commends the dung of an Oxe Panarolus commends Pidgeons-dung others the white dung of a Cock for the Pleurisie Epiphanius Ferdinandus was wont to give with success the Decoction of Tobacco with new Wine Valeriola by experiment as a familiar remedy made use of the Decoction of the Flowers of red Poppies Sylvius's Anti-Pleuritick The renowned Sylvius prescrib'd the following mixture to be taken by Spoonfuls within short spaces of time Take Parsly and Hyssop water of each two ounces fennel-Fennel-water one ounce treacle-Treacle-water simple half an ounce Laudanum Opiate 4 grains Salt Armoniack half a scruple Syrup of red Poppies one ounce Mingle them Frederick Deckers adds to this the Powder of Crabs-eyes and Mineral Bezoar of each one scruple Medicines chiefly efficacious for this use are wont to be administred in the form of a powder for examples sake Take Powder of Crabs-eyes two drams Powders Sal Prunella one dram and half of the flowers of red Poppies half a dram mix them and make a Powder the dose half a dram three or four times a day in a convenient Vehicle Instead of Crabs-eyes the powder of the Jaw of a Pike or the Tusk of a Boar or the Pizzle of a Stag or Bull are used and if they prove ineffective try the following Take of Antimony Diaphoretick or the Ceruss thereof or Bezoar Mineral two drams the volatile Salt of Harts-horn half a dram the powder of red Poppies two scruples make a Powder The dose from one Scruple to half a dram three times or oftner in a day For the same intention of curing it was that Riverius gave of the Powder of Soot from half a dram to a dram others the powder of Pidgeons dung or of a Cock And indeed by reason of this analogie whereby the dungs of Animals stored with volatile Salt do succour in this disease it is probable the dung of a Dog doth no less conduce to cure a Pleurisie than a Squinancy and so much the rather because these diseases frequently change their forms among themselves and one assumes the species of the other Chymical liquors endued with a volatile Salt do also notably help sometimes in a Pleurisie Take of Spirit of Blood two drams Chymical Liquors Water of red Poppies three Ounces the Syrup of the same one ounce Let it be given by spoonfuls often Take spirit of Sal Armoniack distill'd with Olibanum three drams the dose from 12 drops to 15 or 20 twice or thrice a day in any convenient liquor After the same manner the Spirit of Vrine Soot or Harts-horn may be given Take the Spirit of Tartar 3 drams the dose one scruple in a convenient vehicle Take of the simple mixture 3 drams Dose from one Scruple to half a dram As for the third Intention What remedies the third intention requires besides a thin diet Cardiac remedies and Anodynes are prescribed Examples of the former kinde for the first Indication may be supplyed by Juleps and Apozemes for the second Indication they may be supplyed by Spirits and Powders Anodynes are prescribed to be exhibited inwardly upon watching and very intense pain according to the following method Take of poppy-Poppy-water two ounces Hypnotick Anodynes the syrup of the same 6 drams Spirit of Harts-horn 12 drops make a draught to be taken at Bed-time If we must proceed higher Take carduus-Carduus-water two ounces Diacodium from three drams to half an ounce or 6 drams Spirit of Sal Armoniac with Frankincense half a scruple make a draught and sometimes although rarely Laudanum is expedient which timely given inasmuch as it excites sleep and moves sweat and Vrine does greatly profit Take cowslip-Cowslip-water two ounces Tartariz'd Laudanum
from 16 drops to 20. the Spirit of Blood half a Scruple Syrup of Violets two drams mingle them for a draught Outward Anodynes in form of a Liniment External Anodynes Fomentation and Cataplasm are usually prescribed Take Oyntment of Marshmallows two ounces Oyl of Almonds one ounce Dogs-turd two drams mix them by grinding together Take the Plaister of Mucilages two ounces and a half moistened with Linseed-Oyl and applyed upon Lawn-paper Take the tops of both Mallows the leaves of Mercury and Beetes of each 4 handfuls boyl them in spring-Spring-water and strain'd let it be used for Fomentation Take the Dregs of the herbs after the liquor expressed to which adde the bran of Oats 6 ounces Linseed and Foenugreek-seeds of each two Ounces Oyntment of Marsh-mallows two ounces make a Cataplasme There is no occasion to go far for Histories and Instances of patients sick of a Pleurisie An History for a notable Example of this disease is now under our hands to wit A very lovely Maid frequently and as it were habitually obnoxious to that distemper is committed to our care This Virgin being very amiable of a sanguine complexion but of a weakly constitution upon any the smallest occasion viz. by taking cold or by errors in any of the six Non-naturals yea sometimes from the meer alteration of the year or the air has for many years been wont to fall into a feaver whereupon immediately pleuritick pains with a Cough and difficult breathing come upon her and afterwards for the most part hideous Convulsions under which passion in time past she did so grievously labour that frequently every year for or above six months she was constrain'd to keep within her Chamber But of late although she is not acquitted from this hurt yet she is seldomer punish'd with it The last year all the Summer and almost the Autumn she enjoyed her health indifferently in the beginning of Winter she took her bed with this sickness and now about the end is again sick A pain from the Pleurisie constantly afflicts her right side where the blood sticking in its passage and being extravasated about the intercostal muscles the Fibres being provoked fall into a most troublesom condition together with a convulsive motion of Coughing and almost perpetually repeat it In the mean while her Lungs being sound enough and open as to the passages do readily convey the blood without any stop by its clamminess which frequently is the author of a Peripneumonie No remedies that are used will do her good without phlebotomie which continually is so very necessary that upon every return of the sickness in spite of all things we are compelled three or four times to repeat it and sometimes oftener the blood let out in the Superficies hath constantly a viscous and whitish silme This disease was ever a simple Pleurisie void of a Peripneumonie and for cure she with constant success used the following method Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack distilled with Gum Ammoniacum three drams take from 15 drops to 20 three times a day with the following Julep Take Carduus and Black-Cherry water of each six ounces Hysterical Water one dram Sugar 6 drams Between whiles she took a dose of this Powder with three ounces of Apozeme Take Powder of Crabs-eyes of a Boars tooth Sal Prunella of each one dram make a powder for 6 doses Take Grass-roots 3 ounces candied Eringo one ounce Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two drams the Parings of Apples one handful Raisins one ounce boyl them in three pound of spring-Spring-water to two pound to it strain'd adde Syrup of Violets one ounce sal Prunella one dram mix them and make an Apozeme Clysters of Milk with Syrup of Violets were injected sometimetimes every sometimes every other day If Opiates however mild were given to allay pain upon it a pain and drousiness of the head and Convulsions did infest her most grievously SECT I. CHAP. X. Of an Empyema IT is clearly manifest from what hath been said before An Empyema is the product of other diseases of the breast that a Pleurisie and Peripneumonie ripneumonie are diseases not only akin but commutable among themselves and successive to one another Moreover as well this as that and frequently both together not being well cured doe pass into an Empyema For when a Phlegmon rais'd about the Pleura is brought to suppuration at length the Imposthume being broke the matter falling into the cavity of the Thorax produces this disease In like manner sometimes it follows from the Lungs being inflamed inasmuch as the ichor accumulated about the place affected turns into a thick and yellow homour by a long digestion which unless it be ejected by a Cough either sensibly corrupting the inner substance of the Lungs it causeth a consumptive disposition or dissolving the unity of the intire Lungs and at length corroding the outmost membrane it slides down into the breast and so engenders an Empyema And one labouring with an Imposthume or ulcer of the Lungs although he do spit out abundant and foetid matter at it frequently happens in an Imposthume of the Lungs is not therefore accounted obnoxious to an Empyema For in truth by the common acceptation of this Term is signified a Collection of rotten matter within the cavity of the Thorax by which the Organs of breathing are oppressed but that rotten matter is wont to have a conflux thither either by a Pleurisie or Peripneumonie and sometimes perhaps from a Squinancy brought first to suppuration and afterwards broke Forasumch as an Empyema never begins primarily and of it self It rarely or never begins of it self but for the most part is the effect or product of other diseases not duely cured it will not be requisite to make much inquisition about the causes thereof The formal reason or conjunct cause thereof is known well enough to wit it is a purulent matter poured out from the Pleura or the Lungs or the Larinx into the cavity of the Thorax But the other proper causes of the previous effects appertain to the Etiologies of every of them There is a certain dispute about the morbific matter What the morbific matter is for some contend that it is meer corruption others not that but that it is a purulent matter of which opinion is Johannes Heurnius who averring a purulent matter for the conjunct cause of an Empyema distinguishes between this and mere and pure Pus affirming this to come to pass from a bloody nutritious homour i.e. from the blood it self somewhat corrupted but capable of digestion but that a purulent matter is an excrementitious homour viz. a Serum or Ichor which proceeds from the blood obstructed and hindered somewhere in its Circulation From hence we may observe concerning an Imposthume which affords true and laudable Pus or matter that it is for the most part compact every way shut up and wrapt up together either in a bladder or as it were within private Apartments and then
evil event if the silver Probe being put into the orifice of the open'd side be presently ting'd with a colour as it were of Gold or Copper which surely signifies no other thing but that the sulphureous particles of the pus or purulent matter are so exalted and loosen'd from the bond of mixture that easily departing they may be affix'd to any other body and especially silver whereunto they are akin Sometimes I have seen Venison kill'd by long and wearisome hunting presently bak'd in an Oven for Entertainment become not only most tender insomuch that it might be taken out with Spoons but even to have guilded a bright silver Spoon at the first touch The reason whereof is the same with the former viz. that the flesh was so disposed to putrefaction by too much exercise while the animal lived that the particles of the Sulphur being exempt from Concretion and apt to fly away presently adhere to any other fit subject But this by the by As to what belongs to the curatory part of an Empyema The cure of the disease we ought chiefly to consider whether the signs of this disease as being now perfected be certain or doubtfull In the former case there will not be much need of Medicine but the body only being prepar'd before-hand we may immediately proceed to the opening of the side Wherefore if from a Pleurisie or Peripneumonie not rightly cur'd or from blood poured out after a stroke fall or inward wound a fluctuation of Pus or purulent matter or bloody within the cavity of the Thorax be perceived with no Spittle or with little there will not be need that we dwell longer on maturing or expectorating Medicines but the belly being loosened and the blood and humours rightly temperated by Juleps Apozemes and Anodynes either that a bare Section be ordained or that in tender and fearful persons a Cautery be applyed between the 6th and 7th Vertebra The cutting or opening the side and after the Eschar is rais'd the Incision-knife be obliquely fore'd by little and little towards the hinder and upper part untill it penetrate into the very Cavity of the Thorax afterwards a little silver Pipe being put in let the contained matter be sent out by degrees notwithstanding in such manner that if his strength will bear an evacuation of the whole humour be accelerated for a portion thereof being left within The Empyematical matter is went to stink by the often admission of the Aire often contracts a hideous stench within a few days by reason of the Air as is abovesaid being admitted which evil that it may be provided against or soon removed a vulnerary and abstersive liquor is to be cast in twice or thrice a day by a Syphon or Syringe It will not be requisite to prescribe particularly the other things belonging to this operation and the process thereof for that each of these things are evidently known to any of the more expert Chirurgeons and are used in familiar practice After incision and the appertaining administrations rightly performed there will not be much besides left for a Physician to doe It is convenient there be a right course of Diet a frequent loosening the belly as often as need shall be by Clysters and moreover it behoveth us to prescribe remedies vulgarly called Vulnerary which hinder the dissolution of blood and the profusion thereof into ferosities injurious to the breast But if the Signs of this Disease be less certain Those things which perswade of forbid a Paracentesis and as for the most part it is wont to be from a Peripneumonie and Imposthume of the Lungs going before altogether doubtfull Incision must not too soon or rashly be made For I have known some spitting forth a purulent matter yea a fetid Pus with painfull breathing and heaviness of the breast to have undergone a Paracentesis in vain and not altogether exempt from hurt Wherefore until it is apparent by pathognomic signs that it is an Empyema confirm'd expectorating medicines as are before prescribed for the cure of a Peripneumonie as also things gently moving evacuation by Urine and Sweat may be used for some time But these availing nothing and the Empyema still remaining or increasing because whilest there is strength it is better to try doubtful Medicines than none proceed to a Paracentesis As to the Forms of Medicines requisite to the curing an Empyema Forms of Remedies before Incision the same remedies that are prescribed in a Peripneumonie are convenient but the Paracentesis being made these following will be chiefly in use Against fainting of the Spirits and swoonings which happen in that operation or afterwards let the following Julep be at hand to be taken now and then about four or five spoonfuls Take Balm and Black-cherry water of each six ounces Aq. Mirabilis one ounce Cardiacs powder of Pearle one dram syrup of Gilliflowers one ounce Mingle for a Julep The following Decoction to be drunk three or four times a day Take of Harts-tongue Speed-well Agrimony Colts-foot Mousear Sanicle A Vulnerary Decoction of each one handful Madder and Chervil-roots of each one ounce Barly half and ounce red Cicers half an ounce Raisins an ounce and half boyl them in four pound of Spring water to half sweeten it with clarified Honey or with Syrup of Mouse-ear as you take it to your pleasure If a Feaver be wanting the following Pills may be taken from one scruple to half a dram Evening and Morning Take powder of Crabs-eyes two drams Flower of Sulphur one dram Sal Prunella half a dram Spec. Diarrhodon Abbatis one scruple Venice Turpentine washed make a mass formed into small Pills or omitting the Turpentine take the powder from half an ounce to two scruples twice in a day Examples of persons sick of an Empyema are not so frequent An History of one troubled with an Empyema the cutting of whom was mortal and those cured of that Distemper more seldom I have known two unwilling to admit of an Incision prescribed by all means by the Physicians to have fatally expired and their dead bodyes I have dissected Also I saw that operation administred to two others whereof one recovered health the other dyed consumptive but the reason thereof was his Lungs being notably corrupted and his strength utterly lost the too late opening his side conferr'd no help to him but did much depress his spirits weak enough before and wasted his strength He whose side was opened had Lungs found enough but from the Imposthume of the side being broke inwardly the matter falling into the cavity of the Thorax did so compress the Diaphragma that he could scarcely breathe The Chirurgeon without a Caustick thrust in his Incision-knife between the 6th and 7th Vertebra and having made a hole quite through his flesh Of another who recovered by that remedy he put in his Pipe A bloody ichor first flowed out afterwards being drawn away by a moderate quantity at times for
third restores the languishing of the Spirits the lost strength and the frustrated Nourishment 1. As to the first Indication remedies commonly called expectorating First Indication and of them those that are more hot and sharp and do very much cleanse and drye but especially for that for the most part here a Feaver is wanting sulphureous remedies are expedient which also may be prescribed according to the following forms Take of Tincture of Sulphur three drams take from seven drops to twenty Forms of Remedies at bed-time and early in the morning in a spoonfull of Syrup of the Juice of Ground-Ivie Or Take our syrup of Sulphur as before set down 6 ounces let a spoonfull be taken at the same hours Take the dried leaves of Ground-Ivy Germander white Maiden-hair Coltsfoot Hyssop white Hore-hound Savory of each one handful Enula-campane Orris and Chervil-roots of each one ounce Anniseeds half an ounce boyl them in 6 pound of spring-Spring-water to three pound and a half adding towards the end White-wine 6 ounces clarified Honey three ounces Let the strained Liquor be clarified and kept for use the dose 6 ounces warm three times a day Or Take of Lime-water 6 pound put it in a Glass with a large mouth hanging in it the following bag Take the dried leaves of Germander Ground-Ivy white Horehound of each one handful Orris and Enula-campane sliced one ounce and a half Anniseeds bruised two ounces Liquorish an ounce and half Raisins stoned three ounces let them be stopt and stand cold Pour out for use the bag remaining Take Lohoch Sanum three ounces Species Diaireos two drams and a half flower of Sulphur one dram and a half of simple Oxymel two ounces make a Linctus to be lick with a Liquorish stick Take the powder of Hedge-mustard Ground-Ivy of each half an ounce flower of Sulphur a dram and a half syrup of Sulphur or of the juice of Ground-Ivy what will suffice to make a Lohoch Take of fine Mirrh of white Amber of each half an ounce Sulphur Vivum Auripigment of each two drams the rinds of Pistaches one dram and a half make a powder for Fumigation to be used in a Paper-funnel morning and evening 2. The preservatory Indication abolishing the morbific matter Second Indication and so providing against a Phthisis prone to succeed endeavors the purifying of the blood and strengthning the Lungs to which ends Purgers Vulnerarie Decoctions distill'd waters and physical Drinks are convenient Take of the Decoction of Senna of Gereon with one dram and half of Agarick three ounces and a half purging syrup of Apples one ounce Aq. Mirabilis two drams make a potion to be taken with government once in a week The form of the Wound-drink let be the same as was prescribed for an Empyema after opening or 4 or 6 ounces of the Decoction common in Shops three times a day because here is no feaver Take of Firre-tops 6 M. fresh Ground-Ivy Hyssop Sage Rockets Hedge Mustard St. Barbaries herb or Winter-cresses of each four handfuls the seeds of the Sun-flower 6 ounces sweet Fennel-seeds two ounces Enula campane Orris-roots of each 3 ounces being cut and bruised pour upon them 8 pound of Brunswick Mum or Spruce-Beer distill it in a cold Still let the liquor be all mixt and when used sweetned at pleasure with syrup of the juice of Ground-Ivy the dose three or four ounces three times a day Take of the roots of Sarsaparilla six ounces China two ounces of each of the Sanders six drams Shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each half an ounce Mastick-wood one ounce being cut and bruised infuse them in 12 pound of spring-Spring-water boyl them to half adding one ounce of Liquorish Raisins 4 ounces let the strained liquor be kept for ordinary drink 3. The vital Indication prescribes Cordials Anodynes Third Indications and a convenient course of diet The same forms of Medicines for the most part are expedient here which were prescrib'd for an Empyema after incision and also the same diet as was ordain'd in a beginning consumption besides in this case Asses-milk often-times doth much good As to the curing this disease I have observed that an Issue made in the side for the most part doth signally profit I remember two suffering under this distemper by coughing up plentifully mere stinking Pus or corruption after the Imposthume broke to have been heal'd by this Remedy in a short space of time The Histories of the Cures shall be afterwards annexed Fontinels in the side very often greatly help in this disease In both these by a shallow orifice made in the side by incision meer Pus began within three or four days to flow out and then the Spittle began to be abated and after that flowing encreased from day to day for some time continued the Spittle altogether ceased and the Patent recovered his entire health The reason of this admirable Effect seems to be that the part affected of the Lungs or that which is bordering upon it while the disease was arising or before grew to the very side and therefore Nature had endeavoured by this way the thrusting forth of the Pus or matter contained in the Imposthume and for that cause perhaps had made secret passages even to the superficies of the side wherefore afterwarts an issue being laid open by a knife the excretion of the morbific matter was conducted thither It is also probable that a certain part of the Lobe of the Lungs at first grew to the side in the diseased and by reason of the cleaving thereto afterwards the Imposthume had its rise for whereas that part being almost immoveable could not be stirred like to the other parts of the Lungs the morbific matter was deposited there and was the better able to reside or form its nest there Although the Imposthume of the Lungs be thought a very rare distemper with some Physicians and by Tulpius judg'd so mortal that when it breaks it kills out right yet I have known many to have labour'd under this disease and by the help of Medicines to have recovered their pristine health We may here describe two or three of the more remarkable Histories of them A Gentleman of a middle age and before strong and continually healthful finding himself not well without any apparent cause contracted as it were a crazie disposition for being without pain without Vomit Cough or notable Feaver in a short time grown weak he became without any appetite unapt to sleep full of thirst and hot about the precordia this person was handled a long while by some Physicians as Scorbutical and by others as hectical and after various methods of healing were assay'd in vain at length the disease fallying out as from an ambush appeared manifeltly For whilst on a certain night being more unquiet than usual he tossed himself very much in his bed all on a sudden the Imposthume breaking in his Lungs a large quantity of stinking pus was thrown
breathing be procured as well upon the account of air as of the Lungs at least so far as may suffice to support life and secondly that the organs of breathing may be withdrawn and restrain'd as soon as may be from the Convulsions begun and usually obstinately continuing 1. As to what respects the former 1 Intention to facilitate breathing let the Patient be placed in an upright position of body in a more open place and pretty airy free from Smoak and breath of by-standers then let it be indeavoured that the Lungs being made free from all obstruction and inward oppression and also external compression may be able to draw and change the breath more easily For these purposes lest the bulk of the nether bowels compress or straiten the precordia the belly is to be loosen'd by a Clyster the apparel and what ever binds about the Breast to be loosened also when in this case either from the blood swelling up inordinately within the Pneumonic vessels or from the Serum distilling out of the Arteries and Glandules into the tracheal passages they are wont to be oppressed the impetuosity and instigations of either humour ought to be restraind and appeased insomuch that if strength endure and the pulse be strong enough Phlebotomy is oftentimes convenient Moreover those things are carefully to be administred which dispatch away the Serum and superfluities of the boiling blood by urine as well as sweatings to which intention Juleps Apozemes commonly call'd Pectorals do notably conduce yea powders of shells millepedes prepared Spirits and volatile salts are successfully used In the mean time besides let there be administred whatsoever opens and makes slippery the passages of the Trachea and moves expectoration and whatsoever if need be gives stop to a Catarrh distilling upon the fame for which purposes Lambitives Lohochs pectoral Decoctions and suffumigations are good 2. As to the other intention of curing in these Convulsive fits 2 Intention to free from Convulsions the moving parts Remedies which dissipate the spirits profit for this end viz. that the organs of breathing may be restrained from the Convulsions begun and may quietly return to their ordinary task unless this succeeds of its own accord after the boiling of the blood and Serum in the Lungs be appeased we must use Antispasmaticks or remedies against Convulsions and Anodynes for medicines which are used to be administred in hysterical passions do conduce in a convulsive Asthma Spirit of Harts-horn of soot and especially of fal Armoniac distill'd with gum Ammoniacum also the tinctures of gum Ammoniacum of Sulphur of Castor of Asa fetida Syrups of Ammoniacum Sulphur Oxymel of squils and such like which because they are of an ingrateful tast or smell as it were dissipate the spirits and withdraw them from tumults do sometimes help notably But if the spirits being outragious cannot by this means be appeased we must assay Narcotics Or do bring them asleep that some of them being subdued the others may be reduced to order for surely unless a stuffing up of the Lungs with a great oppression of the Precordia do hinder Opiates do sometimes greatly profit In the dreadful fits of this disease when other medicines had effected less I have often administred successfully Diacodium as also Laudanum Tartariz'd But these may not be exhibited without great circumspection because whereas more or less they hinder breathing which already is difficult and too much hindred they frequently bring the Patient into danger of life Besides this that the Pneumonic spirits may be diverted from their Convulsions it is many times expedient to molest the spirits in other places for some of the spirits being in other places afflicted most commonly the residue as well as those that are smitten do dismiss their irregularities Wherefore Vesicatories Cupping-glasses ligatures and painful frictions bring help also for this reason vomits are successfully taken in the midst of a fit The scope of healing being now design'd after what manner the patients in an urging fit of an Asthma ought to be handled it yet remains for us to propound some more select forms of Remedies appropriated to the same ends In the first place therefore to give a stop to the flux of blood and serum Forms of Remedies and to dismiss their superfluities deriv'd from the Lungs by sweat and urine these ensuing are prescrib'd Take the water of ground-Ivy eight ounces of Rue Pennyroyal Dragons of each two ounces of sal prunella one dram and a half Syrup Byzantinus red Poppies of each one ounce make a Julep take it three or more times in a day the dose three or four ounces Take grass roots three ounces An Apozeme roots of Kneeholm two ounces candi'd Enula campane one ounce and a half barly half an ounce Raisons of the Sun one ounce boyle them in three pound of water to two pound adding to your strain'd liquor sal prunella one dram and a half sweeten it if there be occasion with Syrup Byzantinus or of Violets Take tincture of Sulphur three drams A Tincture the Dose six drops to ten evening and morning in a spoonful of Syrup of the juice of ground-Ivy or Violets Take of faecula of Aron and Briony of each one dram and a half flower of Sulphur one dram flowers of Benzoin half a dram Suger-candy half an ounce Liquorish two drams make a powder to be taken to half a dram or two scruples twice in a day with the former Julep or Apozeme or Take of the powder prescribed two ounces A Powder hony or Oxymel what will suffice make a Linctus take about half a spoonful evening and morning and at other times lick it with a stick of Liquorish Take Syrup of Horehound of Garlick of each one ounce and a half tincture of Saffron Castor of each two drams mix them take a small spoonful in the fits Take of spirit of sal Armoniack with gum Ammoniacum three drams Mixtures of snail water and of Earth-worms of each three ounces Syrup of Horehound two ounces mingle them take by a spoonful once in four or five hours Take of the powder of Hedge mustard or of ground Ivy gather'd in the heat of the Sun one ounce of Oxymel simple enough to make a Linctus 2. 2. The Indication preservatory proposes what is to be done out of the fit So much concerning the method and medicines requisite in the fit of an Asthma The other indication preservatory designing the taking away of the whole procuring causes and the morbific matter contains two parts or distinct scopes of cure both which for the most part are wont in the practice to be complicated and administred together One of these endeavours to amend the conformation of the Lungs if it be any way hurt or faulty Suggests two Intentions of healing and the other to take off the irregularities of the moving parts and spirits appointed for them We shall best answer both these intentions if
the remedies vulgarly call'd pectorals are mixt with anticonvulsives and the use of these with other medicines respecting the preparation of the whole body and emergent symptomes be apply'd between whiles For which purposes the method and ensuing forms of remedies may be administred Take of Aloes rosata a dram and half Forms of Remedies flower of Sulphur a dram salt of Amber half a dram Tar what will suffice make 24 pills take 4 every or every other or every third night or Take of gum Ammoniacum Pills Bdellium dissolv'd in vinegar of squils of each half an ounce flower of Brimstone three drams powder of hedge mustard and savory of each half a dram make a mass with Syrup of Sulphur or Oxymel of squils make small pills take 3 every evening or Take Hog-lice prepar'd two drams flower of Benzoin half a dram salt of Amber two scruples extract of Enula campane half a dram Castor half a dram Saffron a scruple Venice Turpentine enough to make a mass form small pills take 4 every evening and morning except the times of purging But if this form of Pills will not please or the above mentioned Medicines profit little afterwards the ensuing shall be essay'd to free the Lungs from obstruction Take spirit of gum Ammoniacum distilled with sal Armoniac three drams Mixtures the syrup of Ground-Ivy three ounces magistral Snail and Earth-worm water of each an ounce tincture of Saffron two drams mingle them and take a spoonful evening and morning Or Take Tincture of Ammoniacum three drams the dose from 15 to 20 drops in a spoonful of Oxymel or of syrup of Ground-Ivy Or Take Tincture of Sulphur three drams dose from 7 drops to 12 or 20 in a convenient vehicle at the same hours In like manner other spirits endued with a volatile salt and mixt with pectoral Syrups and Cephalick waters may be prescribed successfully evening and morning In place of a mixture or an Asthmathical Julep from distill'd-waters in the shops let this following magistral be prepared for frequent and several uses Take roots of Enula campane Orris of Florence Angelica Masterwort A distill'd water of each four ounces of Bryony a pound the leaves of white Hore-hound Hysop of Savory Penny-royal Ground-Ivy of each four handfuls Juniper and Ivy-berries of each a pound Bay-berries half a pound sweet Fennel Carue Annis Louvage Dill seeds of each an ounce Cubebs two ounces Long-pepper Cloves and Mace of each an ounce all being sliced and bruised pour on them eight pound of Brunswick beer distil it in common organs mix the whole and as you use it sweeten it with Sugar or Syrup of Ground-Ivy or with Oxymel Moreover in lieu of Oxymel or any common pectoral Syrups the ensuing forms of medicines appropriated to an Asthma are prescribed and in the first place the Syrup of Enula-campane invented by Horatius Augenius and called by his name and afterwards commended by Platerus Sennertus Riverius and other renowned Practitioners ought to be observed in this place and used frequently Take of Enula-campane Polypodie of the Oak prepared of each two ounces Magistral Syrups Currance two ounces Sebestens 15 Coltsfoot Lungwort Savory Calaminth of each a handful a large leaf of Tabaco Liquorish two drams Nettle and Silk-worm seeds of each a dram and a half boyl them in Wine mingled with Hony and diluted to a pound and half and with a little Sugar make a Syrup take it by it self in form of a Linctus or a spoonful evening and morning or add a spoonfull to the distilled water or Apozeme Take Florence Orris-roots Enula campane of each half an ounce Garlick peel'd four drams Cloves two drams white Benzoin a dram and half Saffron a scruple slice and bruise them and digest them warm in a pound of rectified spirit of Wine for 48 hours to it strained add fine Sugar a pound put it in a Silver Bason upon live coals stirring it till it flame and let it burn as long as it will then the flame being out make a Syrup of it to be taken as the former Moreover hither may be referred the decoction of an old Cock so much magnified by renouned Physicians as well antient as modern for the cure of an Asthma The decoction of an old Cock which although Septalius damn'd for gross and of no efficacy notwithstanding Riverius after him vindicates and to attest the efficacy of this remedy opposes his own experience to the others These broths are of two kinds viz. either with or without purgers and various Recipes of each do remain in practical Authors all which would be tedious to recount here we shall propose one or two forms This is the common example without purgers Take of Orris and Enula-campane roots of each half an ounce Without purgers Hysop and Hore-hound dryed of each six drams Carthamus seeds an ounce Annis and Dill seeds of each two drams Liquorish scraped and Raisins stoned of each three drams let them be prepared and sewed into the belly of an old Cock which boyl in fifteen pound of water until the flesh depart from the bones strain it and let it settle of the clear liquor the dose six ounces with an ounce of Oxymel simple Or if the remedy be desired to be solutive dissolve of fresh Cassia and Manna of each half an ounce in each draught taken for many days together and sometimes for a whole month Riverius prescribes a convenient form of such a kind of purging broth Take Enula-campane and Orris-roots of each a dram and a half Hysop and Coltsfoot of each a handful Liquorish and Raisins of each two drams Figgs 4 Senna cleansed three drams polypodie of the Oak and Carthamus seeds of each half an ounce Anniseeds a dram and a half boyl them with the third or fourth part of an old cock make broth for one dose to be taken in the morning let them continue it for twelve or fifteen days Of many examples of Asthmaticks I shall propound only two singular ones The first History of a Convulsive Asthma viz. I will describe the History of one who hath been obnoxious to fits of this disease meerly convulsive and of another partly convulsive and partly Pneumonic A Noble person proper and well set and formerly healthful enough after that by chance he had struck his side against some solid body from that time contracted a hurt and afterwards an Asthmatical taint For we may suspect a certain folding of the Nerves belonging to the precordia placed near was prejudiced by that accident and from such a cause afterwards this distemper derived its origine viz. at some incertain times the pain at first troubled him about that place and presently a most painful Dyspnoea ensued with a laborious and lasting contention of all the breathing parts insomuch that while the fit lasted the patient was thought to be in the agonie of death I was first sent for to him after labouring for two days with such
in the underlying waters they sometimes imbibe them being turn'd into vapour and so dispatch them to the blood or continually exhale them with aire coming out at the mouth That an effect of this sort may more easily happen to cure this disease medicinal aids are taken For that intention therefore the passages of blood aire and humours ought to be emptyed as much as may be and to be kept so empty For this purpose Purges Diureticks and more mild Diaphoreticks are methodically and alternately exhibited also remedies for the breast and expectorating challenge here their place let the Diet be slender and warming and a government appointed as to all other things of that nature that the blood may be made to exhale the more and all the superfluous humours to evaporate I think good to annex some forms of Medicines accommodated to these uses Take of Chervil-roots Knee-holme Polypodie of the Oak of each an ounce Agrimony A Purging Hydromel white Maidenhaire Oak of Jerusalem Ground Ivy of each one handful Carthamus-seeds one ounce Florence Orris half an ounce seeds of Danewort 5 drams Calamus Aromaticus half an ounce boyl them in four pound of spring-Spring-water to the consumption of a third part adde to it being strained Senna one ounce and a half Agarick tow drams Mechoacan and Turbith of each half an ounce yellow Sanders a dram and a half Galangal the less one dram boyl them two hours gently and close covered afterwards strain it and adde of Honey two ounces clarifie it with the white of an Egge make a purging Hydromel The Dose is from six ounces to eight in the morning twice or thrice in a week Or Take Mercurius Dulcis one scruple Resine of Jallap half a scruple Balsam of Peruwhat suffices to make four Pills to be taken in the morning and to be repeated within five or six dayes Take Tincture of Sulphur three drams take from seven drops to ten Tinctures at night and in the morning in a spoonfull of the following mixture drinking after it three spoonfulls Take of the water of Snails Earth worms and compound rhadish water Julep of each four ounces water of Elder-berries fermented one pound Syrup of Juice of Ground-Ivy two ounces mix them for a Julep Or Take of Tincture of Ammoniacum or Galbanum take twenty drops evening and morning in the same mixture Or Take of Hog-lice prepared two drams flower of Sulphur two scruples Pills flower of Benzoin one scruple powder of wild Carrot and Burdock-seeds of each half a dram Turpentine of Venice enough to make a mass Make small Pills Take four evening and morning drinking after them a small draught of the Julep At Nine a Clock in the Morning and Five in the Afternoon A Lime-water let him take four onces of the Compound Lime-water by it self or with any other proper remedy For ordinary drink take the following Bochete Take Sarsaperilla six ounces China two ounces white and yellow Sanders A Bochet of each six drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three drams Calamus Aromaticus half an ounce Raisins half a pound Liquorish three drams boyl and infuse them in twelve pound of spring-Spring-water to six pound strain it Formerly about twenty five years since when I resided at Oxford A History of a Patient I was sent for to a young Scholar who suffered for three weeks space under a pain of the Thorax and a most grievous Dyspnoea constantly troubling him in the evening moreover from a more quick motion of body or going more hastily than usually up any steep place he laboured extreamly he could not ly down long on either side but was necessitated to lye in his bed supone and his head erect if perhaps he attempted to lye on either side immediately pain followed that position of body and if perhaps he roll'd himself from one side to another the pain being also presently translated he felt as it were water to wave from place to place Hence I had a just suspicion of a Dropsie of the Breast whereof that I might be more assured I order'd that lying upon his back on his bed he would suffer his head to bend backward from the bed-side to the floor immediately he had a plain perception of water running towards the Clavicles together with a change of the pain thither Moreover if at any time he grew more hot than usual from motion or in his bed or by the fire he presently felt sensibly in his breast as it were water boyling over the fire and also complained of a Vertigo and a small decay of Spirits Wherefore when we might lawfully collect out of these things rightly considered that he was affected with a dropsie of the breast I prescribed the following method and medicines with success Take of Mercurius Dulcis fifteen grains The Cure of him Resine of Jallap half a scruple Syrup of Roses solutive what suffices make three Pills He took them early in the morning and had twelve stools with great ease afterwards on the third day by the same Medicine he had but four but with greater benefit he took afterwards for many dayes six ounces of the Pectoral and Diuretick Apozeme twice in a day and lastly repeating the Purge he perfectly recovered SECT II. Of Splanchnick remedies or those which respect the bowels of the lower Belly CHAP. I. Of the Jaundies and the remedies thereof and the manner and reason of their operations HItherto we have largely enough unfolded the Pathologie and curatory method of the Thorax now it follows next to finish our task in like manner about the lower Belly But we have in our former tract for the most part described already the medicines belonging to this region and the manner and reasons of their working together with the Anatomy of the Stomach and Intestines we have treated of remedies stomachical dysenterical and others belonging to the intestines as also diureticks together with the reasons of them Moreover we have sussicently elsewhere handled the aetioligie of Hypochondriack and Hysterical remedies What therefore remains of Hepatical distempers as well proper as of those vulgarly ascrib'd thereunto and of their remedies we will discourse in this Section notwithstanding in each of these we will bestow more labour about the curatory than pathological part The chief diseases by which the Liver and the appendix thereof Diseases of the Liver are wont to be incumbred are the Jaundies and a Tumour and under this latter many other affects viz. obstruction inflammation induration and schirrus are numbred to all which are vulgarly appointed remedies commonly called Hepaticks and which make up a great part of the Dispensatory The Jaundies is either a disease by it self primarily beginning which is here properly treated of or it is an effect or product of another disease as when it arises upon an intermitting Feaver which oftentimes it puts an end to of which also we will presently treat by the by An Icterical distemper
very much disposed thereto having the ways of choler obstructed the sulphur of the blood being too much depressed it produces a freedome from that disease for I have known many cachectick and phlegmatick persons to have been free from the Jaundies though they have suffered under obstructions and indurations of the Liver as to most of its passages It is not worth our labour to make more ample disquisition about the aetiologie of this disease as to what respects the cure there will be three primary indications The cure of the Jaundies all which for what may be the chiefest of them and first to be exhibited for the most part is concealed we shall prosecute together wherefore the intentions of healing shall be 1. That the obstructions of the passages or choler-bearing vessels be opened if perhaps any shall be either in the porus bilarius in the Cystic passage or in any place about the Liver 2. That the blood be reduced to its due temperament and mixture lest it ingender choler above measure or render it unapt to be voided 3. That the strength may be sustain'd and the symptomes chiefly hurting them may be withstood 1. That we may satisfie the first indication cathartic evacuations notably conduce The 1. Indication as well by vomit as siege whereby the choler 's descending towards the intestines may be furthered and vessels obstructed by the great snaking of them freed from their obstruction 2. Sharp bitter salt medicines and others indued with a certain briskness ought also to be given which provoke the motion of choler gathered in the Liver and stagnating hither also ought to be referred what by similitude of substance and as it were signature in as much as they are indued with a yellow juice have the report to help against the Jaundies notwithstanding many of these may fitly be numbred under the same classis of evacuators as the former because they move urine or sweats The second indication altogether requires alteratives The 2. Indication viz. medicines which may depress the exaltations or ragings of the Sulphur and fixt salt and in the mean time provoke the restitution of the volatile salt depressed for these ends remedies endued with an acid or volatile salt besides chalybeats do principally bring help from hence spirit of salt of vitriol juice of Lemons also spirit of Harts-horn also dung of Sheep and Geese crocus Martis and diverse other preparations thereof are frequently used with success in the Jaundies The third indication vital suggests more and sundry intentions of cure The 3. Indication procuring the strength to be restored and the removing the symptomes whereby it is prejudiced all or the chief particularly to enumerate and prescribe would be a vast and tedious work wherefore we will annex only certain general rules about diet and some cordials and anodynes appropriate in this condition The curatory indications being appointed after this manner Forms of Remedies it next lies upon us to acommodate the most select medicines viz. as well the simple as the compound to these now proposed intentions of curing and to unfold the manner and reason of the operating of remedies which are accounted of special note in this disease Therefore first we propound the forms of evacuating medicines appropriate in the Jaundies 1. Vomits Vomiting medicines are frequently wont to help in the recent Jaundies Vomits while the tone and strength of the bowels are firm in as much as they alleviate the stomach always oppressed in this disease with an unprofitable burden of viscous phlegm and moreover do free their infarctions by irritating the vasa choledocha and by much shaking all the passages of the Liver and make easie the passage of the cholet by the former accustomed ways Take of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum half an ounce to six drams Wine of Squils an ounce Oxymel simple half an ounce make a vomit to be taken with government Sometimes it is convenient to exhibite the evening before the following preparatory medicine for the easier vomiting Take of the powder of Asarum roots faeculae Aronis of each a scruple of Tartar vitriolated half a scruple of Oxymel of Squils an ounce mix them Take of Sulphur of Antimony seven grains Scammony sulphurated eight grains cream of Tartar half a scruple make a powder give it in a spoonful of panada Take nine Asarabacca leaves cut and bruised put them into three ounces of white wine press out the liquor let it be taken in the morning with regiment Take of Gambugia prepared eight grains Tartar vitriolated seven grains make a powder 2. Catharticks Purgers take place in this disease Purgers be it recent or inveterate viz. that as well a more plentifull store of Excrements may be now and then withdrawn from the first passages as that the vasa choledocha may be excited to Excretions Take of Electuary of juice of Roses three drams A Bolus Rhubarb a dram Salt of Wormwood Cream of Tartar of each half a Scruple Syrup of Rhubarb make a Bolus Take of the roots of sharp-pointed Dock prepared one ounce Apozems the tops of Roman Wormwood of Centaury the less of each P. ij Gentian and Turmerick roots an two drams yellow Saunders one dram boyl them in a pinte and a half of spring-Spring-water to a pinte adding towards the end Senna six drams the best Rhubarb three drams Agarick a dram and half Coriander-seeds two drams White-wine two ounces let them boyl close two hours after strain it and clarifie it by settling the Dose from four ounces to six with one ounce of Syrup of Rhubarb the water of Earth-worms three drams make a potion to be repeated every or every other day for three or four dayes In a weaker Constitution Take choice Rhubarb two drams A Potion Agarick trochiscated half a dram Cinnamon half a scruple Ginger half a scruple make an infusion in White-wine and cichory-Cichory-water of each three ounces for three hours in it strained dissolve one ounce of Syrup of Rhubarb water of Earthworms two drams Or Rhubarb from half a dram to a whole one Salt of Wormwood a scruple make a powder Take pil Ruffi a scruple Pills Extr. Rudii half a scruple make 4 Pills take them in a morning with government after 4 or 5 dayes repeat them In the third place follow Deoppilatives Deoppilative Medicines which are also Diureticks or Diaphoreticks some whereof are accounted specifick by reason of similitude of substance Medicines of this sort both promote the separation of choler from the blood and urge the passage of it being separated through the passages and pores in the Liver open but little Moreover in the mean time by dissolving the blood they carry off the serosities and cholerick recrements thereof sometimes by sweats and urine Take of Elixir Proprietatis one ounce Elixir take 20 drops in the morning and at Five in the afternoon with a convenient vehicle after the same manner are
from 15 drops to 20. with the distilled water prescribed above In this Class of Medicines by which the icterical distempers of the blood are to be corrected Steel remedies of several kinds steel'd remedies do also challenge their place by right for these afford notable help not so much by unlocking the obstructions of the bowels as by depressing the rage of the Sulphur and fixt Salt and by volatilizing the blood in the Jaundies no less than in other cachectical distempers Wherefore to the Decoction or Tincture or Infusion above prescribed is properly added the filings of Iron or the prepared powder thereof its mineral consistence being some wayes opened or the vitriolic Salt extracted from hence it is that Medicinal waters heal even to a miracle those sick of the Jaundies that had been despaired of although these drunk in a very large quantity inasmuch as they pass through all the vessels do also open the passages of the Liver however shut up Therefore also even Preparations of Steel are added to the Electuary Pills and Powders above recited one while this another while that in due proportion Moreover the Syrup thereof given twice a day to one spoonfull in three ounces of Apozeme or water against the Jaundies also tincture of Steel to twelve or fifteen drops may be administred in the same manner In the last place we may annex to this classis of altering Medicines those things which not taken inwardly Outward and Sympathetick remedies against the Jaundies but outwardly applyed and by contact used to the very urine of the Patient are held to cure this disease As to the former a remedy often tryed by the vulgar is a living Tench-fish whose Scales and outer superficies do resemble a yellow colour applyed to the right Hypochondria or Stomach according to some to the soles of the feet according to others whence a sudden flight of this disease is expected hence although many promise themselves a sure cure it hath often deceived me Another cure of the Jaundies at a distance is said to be done by I know not what sympathy or secret manner of working Take the fresh Vrine of the Patient made at one time of the ashes of the Ash-tree searced as much as suffices to reduce it into Paste which may be formed into three equal balls to be placed in a place shut near the hearth or Stove as these dry and harden the Jaundies will vanish after this course I have known this inveter ate disease happily cured although resisting many other remedies the practice thereof is very familiar with the Vulgar If of a certain it could be made manifest that this effect doth for the most part happen The reasons of some of them and the reason of it be inquired into in the first place we ought to suppose a consent or sympathy of the spirits and other particles in the animated blood with other symbols inmates of the fresh urine and that they immediately are affected in the like manner with these Notwithstanding it is evident enough that a lixivial Salt mingled with urine doth presently set free the volatile salt formerly subdued or enwrapt in other particles as is plainly seen in distillation of Urine which if you urge by it self with a sand-heat nothing but phlegm will arise but adde the calx of Tartar or Ashes immediately the Spirit and volatile Salt will come forth wherefore that Empirical administration being administred at the same time both in the Icterical urine and also in the blood of the Patient the volatile Salt escapes out of the power of the fixt Salt and the Sulphur and for that cause the icterical distemper of the Blood is put to flight Also upon the same reason is built another sympathetical cure of the Jaundies whereof Phil. Grulingius and Felix Platerus do make mention viz. the sick party pissing upon Horse-dung while it is hot hath cured many of the Jaundies inasmuch as the fixt Salt of the Urine and thereby the fixt Salt of the icterical blood of the patient is altered by the volatile Salt of the fresh dung and reduced into its due temperature 3. The third Curatory indication vital institutes a convenient course of Diet The Third Indication vital and moreover Cordials and Anodynes of both which there is frequent need As to what relates to the former Food in this disease more than in any other ought to be medicinal For Vegetables and their parts styled commonly Hepatick remedies are boyled in the broths of these Patients And these also are wont to be made instead of other flesh of Worms or Snails which are accounted Antidotes against the Jaundies Moreover Ale and other ordinary drinks are impregnated with infusion of Medicaments Take of the roots of stinging Nettles of Strawberries of each an ounce and half Eriygo-roots candied one ounce Ivory and Harts-horn of each two drams Earthworms cleansed twenty a Crust of White-bread Mace two drams boyled in two pound of water to one pound strain it through Hippocrates sleeve to which adde Diasantalon half a dram make broath whereof take from four ounces to six twice in a day for ordinary drink fill a Tub of four Gallons with Beer after it hath wrought put in the following Bag. Take the tops of Roman Wormwood white Horehound dryed of each two handfuls the roots of sharp pointed Docks six ounces of the Bark of Ash of Barberries of each 3 ounces the outer Rinds of eight Oranges and of four Limons being sliced and bruised let them be prepared according to Art Since many sick of the Jaundies are usually affected with a great languishing Forms of Cordials and frequent faintings of the Spirits they have also need of cordial Remedies Take of small Aqua Mirabilis eight ounces water of Earth-worms four ounces Syrup of Orange-peels two ounces mingle them the dose two or three ounces Moreover they who are troubled with this disease do very much suffer with pain sometimes very troublesome in the night and are often obnoxious to waking wherefore also Anodynes come into use for administration Take of Aqua Mirabilis water of Earth-worms of each one ounce Diacodium six drams Tincture of Saffron half an ounce the dose one or two spoonfuls late at night if sleep be wanting Take of Laudanum tartarizated two drams Aqua Mirabilis two ounces Syrup of Clove-gilly-flowers one ounce mix them the dose is one spoonfull after the same manner SECT II. CHAP. II. Of other Hepatick Remedies THe Liver is seldom or never found obnoxious to an Atrophie or extenuation since truly it performs the office of a strainer and according to some of a mingling bowel but on the contrary by reason of many causes and occasions it runs the hazard of being encreased as to its bulk and to be stufft and swell'd with divers things gathered therein and with concretions Hence no small account of health consists in this that the Liver having right conformation may freely convey the blood every
where without keeping back too much Custome or provision for it self Truly many faults The Kinds of Remedies assigned to the Liver and indeed not altogether undeservedly are imputed to this Bowel as also unto the Spleen the chief Kinds of which we shall touch upon The Liver frequently and chiefly is wont to be faulty in one of these two viz. Frist that intercepting the nutritious juice appointed for other parts it bestows it to its own proper use this is plainly discerned in Children affected with the Rickets and moreover in many others that lead a sloathful and idle life Anciently there was an art with the Romans so to feed a Goose that the Liver prodigiously encreased might weigh more than the whole body Secondly the other fault of the Liver is that it too easily receives all the excrements and feculencies whatsoever of the depraved Blood brought into its inward recess and by retaining them there doth not only grow large but is obstructed in its passages whence frequently comes the Jaundies or a Dropsie it contracts also tumours and preternatural Concretions of divers kinds of matter Many and divers distempers of the Liver ought to be referred to these two heads Two general intentions of curing this bowel of each of which it is not our purpose to institute particular pathologies As to what appertains to the general pharmacie of this bowel there will be one principal scope of curing that its income be diminished as much as may be or altogether cut off Wherefore it will behove us to procure these two things viz. That the Liver augment not above measure by taking the nutritious juice too much unto it self and that it retain not the feculencies of the Blood whereby it may be affected with obstructions and preternatural Tumours It will be much easier to prevent than cure either of these faults of this bowel For truly the former may be done respect being had only that the blood be well vonstituted in its Temperament and enjoying a free Circulation it may both dispense its nutritious juice to the parts and especially its outward parts and driving forth all its excrements to the particular Emissaries it may put them away there And surely the Medicines vulgarly called Hepaticks do first and more immediately exert their power by purging the blood rather than by correcting of the Liver those namely consist of particles of such a kind which entering into the blood and not mixing with it do so stirre up the mass thereof and break it into pieces that all the Coagulations and Concretions being taken away all its dregs and impurities may easily depart and being carryed to their proper Emunctories may be cast out of doors For truly all remedies which are called Splanchnick Medicines vulgarly called Splanchnick first and chiefly operate upon the blood first work upon the blood and incite its constitutive parts into a kind of effervescency and so toss divide and move them rapidly to and fro that the vaporous effluviums being sent into the habit of the body the serous excrements into the Kidneys the cholerick into the Liver the melancholy into the Spleen and others to other Emissaries for which they are fitted may be shut out without impediment or adhesion Wherefore the same Remedies which help the Liver What such they are which more especially respect the Liver help also the Spleen the Reins the Lungs and other the Bowels in their separations and for the most part move sweating and urine If any be found to respect one part before the rest by any specifick power it is therefore because their particles being more ally'd unto the excrements to be separated within that bowel and from thence associated to them are conveyed thither together with them For this reason Rhubarb Turmerick the greater Celandine with many others adjoyned to the bilious humour do the more easily reach the passages of the Gall and are wont to succour in the Jaundies We have observed before the energies and manners of operating of Medicines of this kind As to what appertains to the other vulgarly called Hepaticks first we will annex briefly certain forms of those which are reported either to prevent or remove the unnatural augmentation of the Liver and then those which are held to provide against or take away the obstruction and preternatural Tumours thereof 1. Against the too much encrease or improportionate nutriment of the Liver first a more sparing and thin diet short sleeps and moderate and frequent exercises are convenient wherefore we prescribe for Infants and Children when they are discovered obnoxious to this distemper as in the Rickets that they suck thin and serous milk that they be shaken or tossed in their Nurses arms and tumbled quickly to and fro or be carried swiftly in a Chair or Coach and as soon as may be learned to go and to use their feet Take of the water of Snails of Earth worms of each three ounces Some forms of Hepaticks Syrup of Chicory with Rhubarb two ounces spirit of Sal Armoniac with Gum Ammoniacum one scruple mix them and take a spoonfull evening and first in the morning Take of the roots of Maleferne Chervil candied Eringoes of each one ounce the leaves of Agrimony Harts-tongue male Speed-wel of each one handful Shavings of Ivory Harts-horn of each two drams white and yellow Sanders of each one dram Raisins stoned one ounce and a half Barly three drams boyl them in three pounds of spring-Spring-water to two to it strained adde of Snail and Earth-worm water of each one ounce and half Syrup of Chicory two ounces make an Apozeme take two or three ounces in a day Take Powder of white and yellow Sanders Crabs-eyes Lignum-Aloes of each half a dram Salt of Wormwood one Scruple make a powder the dose half a Scruple to a whole one twice a day Take Empl. Diasaponis Cerate of Sanders of each what will suffice make a Plaister to be applyed to the Hypochondrion Take Vnguentum Splanchnicum two ounces Oyl of Wormwood one ounce mixe them and make a Liniment for the region of the Liver Hither many other methodical as well as Empirical Medicines being used for the Rickets may be referred but we hasten to other things 2. Their numbers enumerated Remedies ordained for most other distempers of the Liver are either simple or compound Very many of the former sort are reckoned by Authors as if they were procreated for this particular use Heurnius says That God Almighty hath offered to the World the greater plenty of Remedies of this kind by reason of their notable necessity And to this Rank may be referred in the first place all kinds of Chichories the Sorrels First Simples the sharp pointed-Docks and almost all Vegetables endowed with bitterness and something of sharpness wherein the deoppilative vertue is reported to consist as Wormwood Germander Ground-pine Fumitory Tanzy Agrimony Liverwort Lignum Aloes all the Sanders Tamarisk-bark and Ash-bark the roots of Capers with
the morbific matter sticking within the straiter passages cannot be impell'd straight or throughly Elastick medicines render the stoppage greater and more fixt by enfixing the matter deeper wherefore Spirit of Harts horn of Soot of Sal Armoniack yea also Tinctures Elixirs and other Medicines endowed with a volatile Salt or active particles of another kind do not only acquire heat and a troublesome thirst in the sick person troubled with a Tympanie but also cause the Abdomen to swell the more inasmuch as they melt the blood and nervous Juice and stirre the Spirits insomuch that the particles deposited by each of these are compell'd into the parts affected But truly although Medicine doth so little avail against this disease Only mild Purgers and Clysters are convenient it is not altogether to be neglected as if either it effected nothing or what is ill but it behooves us to turn every stone that by some means we may succour the Patient and at length may obtain a cure for him or at least an alleviation Wherefore in the first place because it is the custom to begin with Purgatives although the stronger do ever hurt and the gentler scarce ever prevail to discharge the conjunct cause notwithstanding these latter inasmuch as they do something substract the nourishment of the disease also make a way by which other Medicines do exert their powers they ought to have their turns in physical practice once in six or seven dayes and at other times let Clysters whose use is much better be frequently administred Hydroticks being prohibited we must rest upon moderate Diureticks whereto are adjoyned things respecting the alteration and reduction of the Spirits and Humours which truly make up the Tympanitical pharmacy Moreover in the mean time the use of Topicks is not to be neglected We will annex certain select forms of Medicines appropriated for every of these purposes For a Medicine mildly solutive let the laxative Wine be used prescribed by the renowned Greg. Horstius for a Tympanie in his book of Observations lib. iiij Chap. xxx or in its place let the following be prescribed with greater ease Take the leaves of Peach-flowers Forms of Medicines of Damask-roses of each two Pugils Broom Elder Centaury the lesser of each Pugil 1. the leaves of Agrimony Roman Wormwood of each one handful Senna one ounce Rhubarb six drams Carthamus-seeds half an ounce Dwarf-Elder two drams A solutive liquor yellow Sanders three drams Galangal two drams slice them and bruise them put them into a silk Bag in a Glass with 2 pound of White-wine saxifrage-Saxifrage-water one pound Salt of Tartar one dram and a half let them stand 48 hours let the patient drink from four ounces to six every third or fourth day In a hotter Constitution let the following form be taken which I have proved with success in this disease Take of purging mineral-Mineral-waters eight pound Salt of Wormwood two drams let it evaporate in a gentle Bath to two pound To this I use to adde four ounces of water distill'd from Purgers with Wine the dose from four ounces to six Or to the two pound of evaporated water adde of Mechoacan Turbith of each half an ounce Rhubarb six drams yellow Sanders two drams Cloves one dram digest them close and warm for two hours filtre it through Paper the dose 3 or 4 ounces Clysters are of frequent use in this Disease inasmuch as they loosen the Belly without any great irritation of the fibres Take of the Infusion of Stone-horse dung with Cammomile-flowers a pound Clysters Mellis Mercurialis two ounces After the same manner Decoctions and Infusions are prepared with Carminatives from Dogs-dung Take of the Emollient Decoction one pound Sal Prunella or Sal Armoniack from one dram to a dram and a half make a Clyster Take of sound Vrine one pound Sal Prunella one dram Venice Turpentine dissolved with the yolk of an Egge an ounce and a half make a Clyster 2. Diureticks Diureticks if any other Remedies promise help in this Disease Take of Millepedes living and cleansed three ounces one Nutmeg sliced bruise them together and pour upon them one pound of the diuretick-Diuretick-water prescribed below Press them strongly the dose from three ounces to four twice a day Take of green Juniper-berries Distilled Waters and Elder-berries of each six pound of Firre-tops four pound green Walnuts two pound Cortex Winterani four ounces the outer Rinds of six Oranges and four Limons Seeds of Ameos Rockets Cresses of each an ounce and half Dill-seeds two ounces slice them and bruise them and adde of Posset-drink made with White-wine 8 pound distill it in common Organs let the whole liquor be mixed Take of Crystal Mineral half an ounce Pills Volatile Salt of Amber two drams the powder of Carrot-seeds one dram Turpentine of Venice what suffices to make small Pills the dose Numb 3. in the evening and morning drinking after it three ounces of the distilled water Take of the sweet Spirit of Salt half an ounce Spirits take six drops to twelve twice in a day in a draught of the same water with a spoonful of Syrup of Violets Take of spirit of Salt of Tartar one ounce take one scruple to half a dram twice a day after the same manner So also spirit of Nitre and Tincture of Salt of Tartar may be taken Take of Plantane An Expression Chervil and Clivers-leaves of each four handfuls bruise them and pour on them a pint of the former distilled water Press them strongly the dose three ounces twice or thrice in a day with other Medicines Take of Grass roots three ounces of Butchers-broom two ounces Apozems Chervil and Eringo candied of each one ounce shavings of Hartshorn Ivory of each two drams of burnt Hartshorn two drams and a half Burdock Seeds three drams boyl them in three pound of spring-Spring-water to two pound in it strained hot infuse the leaves of Clivers Water-cresses bruised of each one handful adding of Rhenish wine six ounces make an infusion close and warm for two hours after strain it again and adde of magistral-Magistral-water of Earth-worms two ounces Syrup of the five opening Roots an ounce and a half Make an Apozeme the dose four ounces twice a day with some other medicine While these are taken inwardly Topicks also Topicks and outward Applications may be carefully administred not those which are hot and discussing but those which are endowed with particles of a volatile Salt and Nitrous to wit those which destroy the Combinations of other Salts and dissolve the impactions of the Spirits for which we propound the ensuing things If Fomentations ought at all to be admitted into use let them not be applyed too hot also let them be prepared not of those that are usually call'd Carminative but chiefly of Salts and Minerals Cabrotius cited by Helmont says That he cured one of 80 years of age whose Belly he somented twice a day with a Lye in which he
Dropsie over his whole body by the help of this Remedy only remained living for many moneths beyond expectation and raised his head above the waters Hitherto of the Kinds and Forms of Remedies suggested by the first Indication The second Indication preservatory what kind of Remedies it suggests viz. the Curative what belongs to the other to wit the Preservatory which respects the temperature and sanguisying power of the Blood to be restored it offers Medicines of that sort which being endowed with more hot and Elastick particles revive the active or depressed Principles of the mass of blood or cause those consumed to be repaired for which end Remedies commonly called Altering are wont to be prescribed under the form of an Electuary Powder Pills distilled Water Julep Forms of them Apozeme and Diet to which also Spirits Tinctures Elixirs are sometimes added for the better essicacy We will propound one or two Examples of each of these 1. Take of Conserve of Roman Wormwood Scurvy-grass the yellow Rindes of Oranges 1. Electuary of each two ounces Winters-bark two drams Species Diacurcumae a dram and a half of Steel prepared with Sulphur three drams Syrup of Citron-peels what suffices to make an Electuary the dose two drams morning and evening drinking after a draught of the Julep or three or four ounces of the distilled water Chalybeate Medicines notably help in this Disease as in the green sickness of Virgins Chalybeates profit much in this Disease insomuch that frequently the whole or chief scope of curing depends upon this kind of Remedy yet we are to observe that not all Medicines of this kind are equally convenient in these cases for those which are chiefly in use viz. Salt of Steel But only those endued with Sulphur or Vitriol of Mars and others prepared with acids and deprived totally of Sulphur do not help inasmuch as they do not promote the fermentation of the blood but rather on the contrary fix it being too wild or elastick But for an Anasarca or any watery tumours in a cachectick habit of the body Chalybeates of that sort are given wherein the sulphureous particles are left and are predominant as in the first place the Filings of Iron and the Scales reduced into a fine Powder also Steel dissolved with Sulphur and powdered The powders of this being taken are presently dissolved by the acid Salts within our body whence the sulphureous metallick particles being set free and brought into the blood they ferment the whole mass thereof and revive the like particles in the same which before lay dormant and being conjoyned therewith they give vigour to the blood and renew its sanguifying power being formerly depressed Wherefore we may observe by using but a little Chalybeates of this sort the green and yellow colour of the face is converted into a florid 2. 2. Powders Take of the compound Powder of Aron-roots of Winters bark of each three drams lesser Galangals Cubebs of each a draw and a half of Steel prepared with Sulphur half an ounce Sugar of Rosomary flowers six drams make a Powder divide it into twenty parts One part is the dose morning and evening with a draught of the sudoriferous Decoction before prescribed 3. 3. Pills Take half an ounce of the gummous Extract residing after the distillation of the Elixir Vita of Quercetane powder of Earth worms two drams lesser Galangal Winters-bark of each one dram and a half Salt of Wormwood two drams of Rust of Iron two drams and a half Balsam of Peru one dram Tincture of Salt of Tartar two drams Balsamum Capivii what suffices to make a mass to be formed into small Pills the dose half a dram evening and morning drinking after it three ounces of the Julep or the distilled water following 4. 4. Julep Take of the water of Elder-flowers of the juice of their Berryes fermented of each one pound water of Earth-worms magistral of Rhadish compound of Aqua Mirabilis of each two ounces Syrup o fthe juice of Elder-berries two ounces mix them and make a Julep 5. 5. Distilled water Take the leaves of Carden Scurvy-grass of Hedge-Mustard of Pepper-wort of each six handfuls of the Roots of Calamus Aromaticus Galangal of Zedoaria Orris of Florence of Elder Aron of each six ounces Winters-bark Jamaica Pepper of each three ounces Juniper-berries four ounces Cloves Ginger and Nutmegs of each one ounce slice and bruise them and pour upon them eight pound of old Rhenish-Wine distill it in common Organs let the whole Liquor be mixt 6 7. 6 7. Decoction An Anti-hydropick Decoction is described above among the Diaphoreticks A Diet-drink is to be taken instead of Ale and is to be made according to the ensuing form Take of Shavings of Guaiacum Dirt-drink Sassafras of each four ounces Florence Orris-roots Calamus Aromaticus Galangal Enula-campane of each one ounce and a half of Juniper and Bay-berries of each two ounces Anniseeds Carue Sweet-fennel Coriander and Dill-seeds of each one ounce long Pepper and Cubebs of each an ounce and a half cloves Nutmegs and Ginger of each half an ounce Jamaica Pepper two ounces the dryed leaves of Sage Wood-sage Calamint Agrimonie of each one handful Liquorish four ounces sliced and bruised boyl it in four gallons of spring-Spring-water to half the strained liquor being cold let it be kept in glass Bottles for use with the constant use of this drink I have known many laborring with a deplor able Anasarca to be made well Among many Examples of Dropsies cured I shall propound but one A certain strong man of a middle age An Example of the Cure of an Anasarca Dropsie after he had contracted an Epidemical Qnartan Feavour and being evilly handled from its beginning had laboured with it above a year and in the mean while had used an ill course of Diet fell into an Anasarca which afterwards in a short space augmented hugely by reason he indulged himself more freely to drink for quenching his thirst which was outragious so that all his members being swollen from head to foot and over the very Abdomen it self he could not turn in his bed from side to side without help When I first visited this man The Prognostick and Cure of the Disease and despairing of a Cure as the Physitian in Celsus lib. 3. Chap. 21. who denyed that any intemper are Hydropick could possibly be cured I immediately affirmed this Prognostick That he would dye in a short time unless he abstained from drink Whereunto he replying profest he would not drink in a weeks space provided he might be helped and indeed did as he said although being very thirsty for six or seven dayes he scarce took any liquid thing in his mouth but what was Medicine and during that time when in the mean while he took Hydragogues Catharticks and Diureticks and any other things prescribed carefully he became much better and afterwards the method before described somewhile
rather the stream thereof being depressed and small it seemed scarce enough to sustain the current of Circulation Notwithstanding the truth of the matter was he was often sensible of something in his body creeping one while upward another while downward like wind and for the most part the flux of blood out of his Nostrils or Hemorrhoids followed the tendency of that motion henced it was easie to conclude that the moving fibres of the Vessels carrying blood by which they are contracted being affected with a Convulsion did disorderly convey the stream of blood however small and low to and from and so compell it into Eruptions which also happen'd the easier inasmuch as the mouths of the vessels being laxe and gaping suffered the blood forc'd into them to flow out without any due resistance His Cure The instituted method of Curing did plainly approve of this Aetiology inasmuch as it happily succeeded leaning on this supposition for Blood-letting and the use of Medicines stopping blood being at last omitted I prescribed the use of the ensuing Powder a dose whereof he took every sixth hour with a fitting Julep Take the powder of male Poeonie red Coral Pearles of each one dram Ivory Crabs-eyes Blood stone of each half a dram Lapis Prunellae one dram make a Powder the dose half a dram Take of Black-cherrie water eight ounces Balm Barly cinnamon-Cinnamon-water of each two ounces treacle-Treacle-water one ounce Syrup of Coral an ounce and a half But I commanded that Ligatures should be applyed to certain places by a constant course and by and by to other places as occasion should be given as well to stop as to intercept the Convulsions of the Vessels and by remedies of this kind and means of administration he recovered his health in a short space without any return of the disease SECT III. CHAP. III. Of Vesicatories OF losing Blood by Phlebotomy whensoever it is troublesome and injurious and swells too much and tumultuates within the vessels also of retaining it by Medicine s stopping Blood as often as being outragious it rages too much of its own accord and flows out we have hitherto largely discoursed There remain other certain humours viz. Nervous and Nutritious as also Serous and other recrementitious ones which are wont to flow within the Brain and Nerves and as well in the nervous fibres as the fleshy yea and within the Pores of the skin and of the solid parts which being often depraved or hindered in motion require emission being otherwise about to raise great troubles or pains and frequently dangerous Diseases Wherefore that we may seasonably rencounter distempers that are about to rise or take their origin from thence Physick hath found out certain other Emissaries mediately or immediately deriving the forecited humours out of the parts and places where they shall offend And those are either continual viz. Fontinels of diverse kinds which are as it were perpetual Drains and pour out continually the Ichor or they are temporary when as occasion requires the Scarf-skin being taken away in some part of the body the extremities of the vessels in the skin are made naked and withall so provok'd that they spue out in great abundance the serous humours of a various descent and disposition and so continue to evacuate the same for some time one while longer another while shorter But such a manner of drawing out the serous humours from the outward superficies of the body or any part thereof is wont to be procured gby Medicines called by the Ancients Phaenigms or Sinapismus Vesicatories antiently called Phenigms and Sinapisms by Moderns Vesicatories of which in the first place we will treat here because the knowledge of these leads the way to the Doctrine of Fontinels and we will chiefly insist on unfolding these three things viz. First It shall be shewn from what Bodyes and after what manner disposed Vesicatories are wont to be prepared Secondly Whereas they are of diverse kinds it shall be decalred what is the manner and reason of their operation in every one or at least in the chief of them Thirdly and lastly we will make search for the curing of what sort of Distempers they ought to be appointed and in what places applyed 1. 1. Of what prepared As to the first the most simple Blisterers are either Fire or soled Bodies or Liquors endued with fiery particles which are seldome administred for this use by reason of the terror which they impress and the imminent danger lest being more strongly apply'd they do not only blister the Scarf-skin but burn the skin and other parts 1. From actual Fire or things imbued with it Let therefore what is safer and less dreadfull Epithemes out of Concretes having more sharp and as as is affirmed potentially fiery particles be applyed to the places to be blistered which are either milder and by the Ancients were call'd Phaenigms because they made the part red the scarf-skin taken away or were call'd Sinapisms in respect of the matter and were wont to be prepared of Mustard Pidgeons-dung 2. From things potentially burning Squills masht Garlick Milk of Figs and the like or they were stronger and consisted of Euphorbium Cantharides Flammula Jovis Crows foot greater Plantane with many others which being endued with a certain burning and caustick quality are used outwardly for the use above recited but taken internally they prove venemous and frequently mortal The Composition and forms of things drawing blisters are reported to be manifold and of sundry kinds although one or two may here suffice and by how much the more simple the better and in most cases for the most part 't is all one which you use notwithstanding we shall after our manner annex some select Prescriptions of these kinds of Remedies And that we may say little of Dropaces Sinapisms and Phaenigms whose use is almost exploded almost all Vesicatories now in use have Cantharides for their Basis Take powder of Cantharides half a dram Forms of Vesisicatories to a dram powder pf Ameos seeds one scruple of old Leaven kneaded with Vinegar enough to make a Plaister spread some of it on Leather apply it twelve houns to the place to be blistered This works certainly and strong enough but because it is lessx compact and sticking and may fall from the place to which it is put or is apt to crumble therefore for the more commodious application this following is very convenient and now in use with most Take of Cantharides three drams Euphorbium half a dram powder of Ameos seeds one dram let be incorporated with Melilote-Plaister by a warm hand as much of this powder as it is capagble to receive then spread it on Leather and apply it for twelve or sixteen hours Some do use to incorporate the foregoing powder with Burgundy Pitch A more delicate Vesicatory with a Dropace and spread it upon Leather afterwards to cover the sides with red Sanders incorporated with Burgundy pitch and so
afterwards he used the pectoral Decoction three months and a very slender Diet viz. without any flesh only of Herbs Barley c. and Milk-meats in a short time he recovered his former health and now lives in that state so triumphing over that cruel disease that many Haemoptotic persons consult him as their Oracle and for a Cure do propound a method of this kind of living to be followed before the Physicians advice What is most wonderful in this case is The reason of the case that after so many breaches so often happening in the Lungs this famous Person was not in the intervals affected with a Cough neither fell afterwards into a Consumption whereas most after any of the smallest vessels being open in the Pracordia for some time after labour with a Cough with plentiful and thick spittle and at length frequently become consumptive And that it happened otherwise to our Patient I chiefly attribute to the balsamic constitution of his blood viz. in the mass whereof the serous recrements are either less collected or so strictly mingled that they cannot be easily separated thence wherefore after the vessels were broken or their unity dissolved a plentiful I chor or sharp humor being wont to generate a Cough and Spittle did not sweat out as in many others Moreover what he himself observed contrary to many others that his spitting blood happened never in winter but in Summer came also so to pass by the same reason because when the blood did less abound with vaporous recrements the opening or obstruction of the Pores were neither an advantage nor prejudice to it nevertheless the blood growing hotter than it ought to be seeing it exhaled not there was a necessity it should break out of the vessels and when again diminished in quantity sending away little or no serous Ichor out of the orifices of the Vessels the spitting of blood ceased without a remaining Cough The same reason holds of many that spit blood wherefore some are found much inclinable others not prone to a Consumption This Gentleman ever found the use of the pectoral Decoction advantageous to him wherefore when he often varied other Medicines he always retained the same Decoction moreover he hath commended it to many others spitting blood with success The form of the Prescription was this Take of all the Sanders of each six drams A Drink infuse them for twelve hours in seven pints of Spring-water then hoil them to a confumjption of a third part after add leaves of Colis-foot Maidenhair Mouse-ear Speedwel flowers of St. Johns-wort each two handfuls sweet Fennel-seeds six drams Liquorish half an ounce Raisins stoned half a pound boil them to four pints afterward strain it and keep it for ordinary drink Moreover the spitting blood threatning and pressing upon him he took thrice or oftener a day the quantity of a Nutmeg of the following Electuary drinking after it seven spoonfuls of a Julep Take conserve of red Roses three ounces The Electuary conserve of Hips Comfry each an ounce and half Dragons blood a dram species of Hyacinth two scruples red Coral a dram with a sufficient quantity of syrup of red Poppies mix them and make a soft Electuary let him take hereof evening and morning a dram and half drinking after a draught of the following Julep At other times let him lick it with a Liquorish-stick Take Plantane and Spawn-Frog water each six drams The Julep syrup of Coral dried Roses each an ounce Dragons blood two scruples mix them and make a Julep Among the examples of them that spit blood the case of that Reverend person Dr. Berwick S.T.P. and lately Dean of St. Pauls Church ought not to be omitted which some while since I learned partly from the Patient himself and partly was communicated to me from his Brother that most skilful Physician Dr. Berwick my most dear Friend That most renowned Divine fifteen years before he died laboured with a most obstinate Cough The second History and sometimes with a bloody and falt spittle with a grievous breath stinking like Heel by which being made lean by a pining away of the body he wanted but little of being almost extinguished by a Consumption As often as his spitting blood intermitted the rankness of breath and spittle ceased also afterwards the return hereof declared constantly that other affect to be presently attendant In this languishing condition when this Renowned man was discovered to favour the Kings Party at that time oppressed with a grievous Tyranny and being cast into a strait Prison did drink meer water instead of ordinary drink he recovered his health beyond the hope and expectation of all persons and so remained indifferently healthful for above ten years space Nevertheless afterwards I know not by what occasion unless by the hardship of a cold winter not only the aforesaid evils viz. a Cough with bloody and salt stinking spittle did become fierce upon him but also over and above a debility of stomach want of appetite and a nightly Feaver did accrue But not long after these Symptoms a little remitting fair weather again seemed to shine out until on a certain day the air being suddenly changed into an intense cold towards night he was assaulted with great straitness of breast and difficult breathing with a quick and weak pulse and fainting of all his spirits as if he had been expiring Nevertheless from his danger he suddenly escaped by the interposition of a Crisis viz. by a plentiful spitting of blood and after by a breathing Sweat but from that time his spittle remitted much of the usual stench and something of its saltness and when in a short time afterwards the last and most painful invasion of spitting blood threatned him that usual presage from stench of breath was wanting but the subsequent spitting of blood being very plentiful did so dcebilitate his strength that from that time declining sensibly he expired within a month and when a little before his decease by reason of a sharp pain in his side a Vein was breathed his blood seemed to fail so that almost none streamed out Moreover in his body dissected after death very little quantity of blood was found nor could they find any footsteps of the other most notable Symptoms viz. spitting of blood and of the stinking breath and spittle for there was no collection of any filth or stinking and putrid matter nor any cavity in the Lungs made by an Ulcer or Wound but only one lobe of this bowel or rather the whole left side was so hardned from a scirrhous Tumor that the blood could not easily or but very little pass through the frame being so obstructed and as it were stony wherefore it is no marvel if the blood that should have passed most swiftly through the Lungs did now and then burst out in some place from the vessels which were joined together or suffered not a circulation by reason of the Schirrosity Notwithstanding here a greater
an invasion of the Asthma that he was accounted in a desperate condition Notwithstanding finding his Lungs without hurt our prognostic willed as yet to hope well and immediately by a consultation of other Physicians it was prescribed as followeth Take of spirit of gum Ammoniacum distill'd with salt of Tartar three drams The Cure take from 15 to 20 drops in a spoonful of the following Julep drinking after it five spoonfuls repeat it every sixth hour Take elder flower camomile and Penyroyal water of each four ounces snail-Snail-water two ounces Sugar one ounce mingle them between whiles he took a dose of the following powder with the same Julep or pectoral decoction Take powder of Crabs eyes two drams sal prunella a dram and a half salt of Amber half a dram mix them divide it into eight doses Large vesicatories were applied on the inside of his arms near the arm-pits Clysters daily administred and frequent frictions By the use of these he received sudden and unexpected help and within a few days became wholly free from that fit Afterwards as often as he had any perception o the first motions of this disease presently he took a large dose of that spirit with the same Julep 3 or 4 times a day by which remedy often used one while for preservation another while for the cure sake he was void of any outragious invasion from his habitual Asthma for above two years in the mean while suffering some more light assaults but easily blown off A very Honourable old Gentleman dignified by many great Titles The second History of a mixt disease himself being greater than all them after that for some years he had liv'd every winter obnoxious to a cough and a moderate spitting and gentle enough at the end of the last Antumn returning from a long journey he was less healthful as it was thought by cold he had taken for he complained of a pain in the middle of his breast next the sternon which growing worse in an evening as soon as warm in his bed wholly disturbed his sleep and most part of the night was very troublesome notwithstanding without any Dyspnea or evident sign of an Asthma To take away this pain both Purging and Bleeding were used pectorals and antiscorbuticks were daily used liniments and fomentations were applied to the place pained yet without any great success or ease for the alteration which happened afterwards declined rather to worse for a difficult and obstructed breath came upon the pain 's growing a litlle more remiss so that from his first sleep or inclination thereto he became asthmatical and gaping for breath and suffering about the precordia he was constrained to sit upright in his bed Moreover a dyspnoea of this kind and a convulsive agitation of the breathing parts did not only return every evening but from day to day were rendred more outragious and lasted a longer time insomuch that one night waking from his sleep for many hours he was assaulted with a most painful fit of an Asthma which had almost kill'd him The Physicians being at a great distance from him although desired about midnight came not while the morning following mean while by reason of bleeding used by a Barber this worthy Gentleman revived being redeemed from the jaws of death but afterwards by the consultations of Physitians that day a slender diet and loosening the belly by a Clyster were prescribed In the evening and early in the morning he took of Spirit of gum Ammoniac distilled with sal Armoniac 12 drops in a proper vehicle and continued the use for many days after Vesicatories were applyed on the inside of his arms near the armpits moreover Juleps and pectoral Decoctions Lohochs Clysters and also mild Purges were taken by turns also Phlebotomie was repeated after two days Whereas formerly he was used to drink for his mornings draught a pint of Alf with Wormwood and Scurvy-grass in the room of that about eight a clock he took 15 drops of Elixir Proprietatis tartariz'd in a draught of Coffee made with Sage By these remedies his asthmatical fits presently abated of their fierceness insomuch that the beginning and end of every night were quiet enough but in the middle light troubles about the precordia kept him from sleep sitting upright an hour or two Certain other medicines were propounded by the Physitians and others of diverse sorts privately offered by his friends which notwithstanding the Honourable Person utterly rejected or soon loath'd and that the rather because winter then being almost spent his restauration was hoped for by the coming on of the Spring and enjoyment of the Country air without the help of much Physick Wherefore of the medicines above mentioned he used one while this and another while that a little by turns and sometimes kept holy-day from them all but in the interim although his asthmatical invasions little or nothing troubled him as formerly in the night yet by reason his Lungs were very much obstructed and a serous humour fallen down into his feet he was not able to walk fast or ascend steep places without a painful dyspnoea being in danger of choaking and now while I am writing this not so much an Asthma or Consumption as a Dropsie is feared The Aetiologie of this case is clearly enough manifest from the above-mentioned things The reason of this case viz. one procuring cause of this Asthma was a lung greatly obstructed insomuch that whereas the blood boiling passed through the precordia more impetuously the air requisite for its ventilation could not be admitted in plenty enough wherefore to supply this defect there was necessity that the Lungs and their motive organs should be provoked into more frequent and more vehement throes Afterwards from thence ensued a convulsive disposition of the fibres moving the breast for the heterogeneous matter descending into those parts together with the nervous juice and being gathered to a plenitude first excited pain and afterwards fierce and periodical convulsions in the pneumonic organs and now although this latter disposition cease because the Elastick and spasmodical matter is blunted or extinguished by the serous illuvies yet the other procuring cause still remains and hath got another associate viz. a worse Devil that it self to wit a Dropsie SECT I. CHAP. XIII Of a Dropsie of the Breast IT is clearly manifest by certain and manifold discoveries A Dropsie of the Breast is easily known that the Region of the Breast is sometimes affected with a Dropsie for the sense and sound of water fluctuating do most evidently demonstrate it in living bodies and Anatomical inspection in the defunct But yet concerning the cause of this Disease and manner of coming to pass to wit by what ways and after what manner disposed the accumulation of water first begins within the hollow of the breast as also how it is sensibly augmented and frequently insensibly continued untill the Disease becomes desperate is a thing yet in the dark
the swelling of the belly is somewhat diminished we are not to despair of the Cure but if Purgers bring out little or nothing of the Serum or Lympha and thence by reason of the Nervous fibres being irritated and driven into extensions or inflations of the bowels and membranes as it uses frequently to be the belly swells the more and grows like a Drum we may expect only a fatal event of the Disease About the curing of the Dropsie called Ascites it behoves us chiefly to consider by what ways the waters heaped within the abdomen The Cure of an Ascites may be thence brought out and evacuated for such an evacuation ought to be attempted only by possible ways And here presently is to be observ'd that the remedies used for Hydragogues according to the ordinary practice of Medicine intend to accomplish that end by purging by Urine By what and how many remedies the eduction of the water is to be endeavoured by Sweating and by insensible transpiration In some cases of the Sick you ought to proceed by this way and in other cases rather by that way or another and if none of these seem feasible or succeed well let mature consultation be had for a Paracentesis It will be worth our labour to weigh every of these kinds of Medicines and the reasons of every one and the manner of their operations and with how much vertue Hydragogues are endowed First First by purging therefore as to what relates to purging we have in another place shewed that from the irritation of the Physick made in the belly and guts as well the Contents and winde of these bowels as moreover the humours driven into their Coats and Glandules and which are heaped up in the Vessels and Pipes of the neighbouring parts are disquieted and partly streined into the passages of the guts and partly returned into the mass of blood insomuch that the tumour of the abdomen arising from the stoppage and as it were a waterish affection of those kind of Parts is often abated by Purgatives seasonably administred and sometimes wholly removed but it doth not so succeed when it proceeds from a Lympha fluctuating within the cavity of the abdomen or from an inflammation of the membranes or from a tympanitic extension because Hydragogues do little or nothing bring out those waters and if they be of the stronger sot they encrease this passion and exasperate it by inflaming the part Catharticks used for Hydragogues Catharticks are either Vomits or Purges are either Vomits or Purges they exert their power in the stomace and these rather in the Intestines insomuch that they powerfully provoke and twitch the Nervous fibres and together pour forth the blood and nervous liquor by a certain septick force and do cause the serous humours wherever impacted to be stirr'd and do cause them plentifully to be sent away by the passage granted Either are reckon'd of a various kinde viz. either simple or compound gentle or strong by the Ancients as well as by the Moderns some of which that are most chielfy noted we will here briefly observe 1. Emetick Hydragogues chiefly famous are Gambugia Esula Spurge and their several Preparations as also the Hercules of Bovim and the Pilulae Lunares 2. The chief medicines of either kinde Purgers are Elder and Dwarf-Elder Soldanella Gratiola or Hedge-hyssop the Juice of Orris and Elaterium We will briefly prescribe some methods either of preparing or compounding or administring each of these 1. 1. Gummi guttae Gambugia first an Indian Medicine being from thence brought by our Countrey-men from the Painters Shops coming to the Apothecaryes began to be in use and is much magnified for purging out serous humours But sorasmuch as taken by it slef it vehemently disturbs the Stomach and often weakens it therefore that its outragious and violent vomiting force may be somewhat abated there are divers ways of its Preparation invented but truly it is best corrected with an acid Spirit or with an alcalizate Salt or by throughly mixing and correcting it with aromaticks Adrian à Mynsicht It s various Preparations extolls the magistery thereof which is made by a dissolution in Spirit of Wine and after drawing it off and precipitating it with Spring-water also dissolving it with Spirit of Wine vitriolated and with Tincture of Roses and red Sanders and after by evaporating it others prepare it with the fume of Sulphur after the manner of Scammonie sulphurated others grinde it on a Marble moistening it with Oyl of Cinnamon or Cloves or other chymical Aromaticks I use most the Solution thereof made with a tincture of Salt of Tartar the dose from 15 drops to 20 or 30. Take of Gum-gutta gr 6. Mercurius dulcis gr xv Conserve of Violets The forms of Hydragogues prepared thereof a dram and a half make a Bolus Take of Gambugia twelve grains Salt of Wormwood fifteen grains Oyl of Mace one drop Conserve of Damask Roses one dram make a Bolus and it is wont to be given with Tartar vitriolate or Cream of Tartar and powder of Rhubarb Take of Gum-gutta sulphurated or vitriolated fifteen grains Cream of Tartar half a scruple Extract of Rhubarb one scruple Oyl of Cinnamon gut 2. make 4 Pills Lately a woman afflicted with a most painfull Ascites and most desperate as it seemed to me the ensuing Medicine being taken for 6 days successively she began to be much better and in a short time afterwards recovered her health entirely Take of powder of Gum-gutta twelve grains Oyl of Cinnamon one drop with syrup of Buck-thorn make a Bolus the dose daily to be augmented ascending from twelve grains to twenty Take of our Tincture of Gum-gutta one scruple water of Earth worms one ounce Syrup of Rhubarb half an ounce mix them and let it be taken with government 2. Whereas there are several species of Spurge or Tithymalus 2. Spurge The Preparations thereof and all of them work more violently either by Vomit or Stool by reason of the notable provocation they make in the bowels and for that cause do abundantly bring out serous humours yet by reason of the too outragious force of many of them the lesser Spurge for the most part only is now in use and the preparations thereof most of all magnified are the powder of the bark of the Roots and the Extract and we think fit to adde the tincture inferiour to none of the rest Take of Spurge with the Roots cleansed four handfuls Lignum-Aloes and Cloves of each one dram bruise them and boyl them in four pound of Spring-water to half the strained Liquor clarifie by separation or settling in a long glass afterwards evaporate the clear liquor in a Bath heat to the consistence of an Extract the dose one scruple Take of this Extract half an ounce Forms pour upon it into a matrass of the Tincture of Salt of Tartar 6 ounces digest them in a Sand-hath to the Extraction
of a Tincture the dose from 20 drops to 30 in a convenient vehicle Take of the Powder of Spurge from seven grains to ten Cinamon half a scruple Salt of Tartar eight grains mix them together in a glass mortar give it by it self or mixed with a fit Conserve or Syrup make a Bolus or Pills 2. Precipitate of Mercury with Gold The Hercules of Bovius or the Hercules of Bovius which is much extolled by the Author for curing Dropsies it is described in a former Treatise in the Chapter of Vomits and the manner of preparing and the working thereof and the Reasons are there delivered This Medicine inasmuch as it twitches the stomachical fibres by its acrimony and pours out the blood by reason of the mercurial and salt particles causes or stirs up a fierce Vomit and thereby causes the serous humours violently strained into the Cavities of the bowels to be ejected 3. The Pills called Lunares produce the same effect in like manner Pilulae Lunares by reason of the vitriolate particles of Silver sharpened with other saline menstruums viz. by wrinkling of the fibres of the Bowels very much they force the serous humours to be strongly strained into their passages and so to be evacuated A Solation of Silver made in Stygian water and well cleansed and by a little evaporation is reduced into pleasant Crystals which by themselves or with an addition of Salt Nitre to abate the fierceness of the Lunar Vitriol are made into Pills with crums of bread the dose is one Pill sometimes two or three respecting the ability of strength and working Medicines of this kinde are exhibited sometimes with success in a strong constitution and bowels strong and a good habit but they are scarce ever conveniently or rarely without prejudice taken by tender and cachectical persons Hydragogues meerly or chiefly purging are either of a more mild sort as Elder Purging Hydragogues Dwarf-Elder Soldanella and juice of English Orris which seldom being administred by themselves do want the stirring up of sharper Medicines and on the other side they blunt their too much fierceness or they are of a stronger sort as Gratiola or Hedge hyssop Jallap and Elaterium The seeds or grains of Elder and Dwarf-Elder being dryed Elder and Dwars-Elder are reduced into a powder which being taken to the weight of one dram doth gently bring forth serous humours by siege Water and Spirits are distill'd of the juice of either sorts of Berries fermented also Robs and Syrups are made of them which with many other Preparations of those Vegetables are much magnified for all hydropical Distempers Soldanella and Gratiola Soldanella are rarely used by themselves in our age neither are any neat and very efficacious Medicines prepared out of those Simples they are frequently mixt with certain other Hydragogues and chiefly are ingredients in compounding Apozems The Juice of English Orris is a very profitable Medicine The juice of Orris and because to be easily provured for the poor is the more to be esteemed It is given grom six drams to an ounce and a half or two ounces either by it self in a fit vehicle or with other things appropriated thereunto Jalap is a most known Medicine against every Dropsie and common enough Any one of the common people suffering under that disease presently takes of the powder of the root of Jalap a Pennyworth mixt with Ginger and White-wine and the desired effect doth frequently follow this remedy used with intermission Elaterium is rightly esteemed the most powerful Hydragogue Elaterium for that it most painfully provoking the splanchnick fibres and together melting the blood and humours by a certain corrosive force compells whatsoever serosities the Coats of the Bowels Membranes Vessels also the Glandules and flesh do contain in themselves to be poured out into the cavities of the Stomach and guts by which Medicine happily working the asswaging of the Abdomen doth sometimes succeed Truly this is the chief weapon of the Empirical Magazine against any Ascites which they notwithstanding using in all cases do oftener administer to the hurt than benefit of the Patient the dose is from three grains to ten or fifteen taken either by it self only with correcting spices added or it is given with other hydragogues in form of a Powder Pills or Electuary The tincture and essence of it are extracted with Spirit of Wine or with tincture of Salt of Tartar These are the chief simple Hydragogues The forms of Hydragogues from which being prepared with the addition of others many compounded ones as well Magistral as common in Shops are made adn are every where in use moreover very many more might be prescribed extemporarily as occasion serves Of these we will here annex a few more select forms and chiefly those that are taken in the form of Potions Powders Electuary and Pills Take of Dwarf-Elder A Tincture English Orris of each an ounce and half leaves of Soldanella and Gratiola i.e. Hedge-hyssop of each one handful Asarum and Asse Cucumber-roots of each two ounces roots of lesser Galangal six drams choice Jalap half an ounce Elaterium three drams Cubebs two drams shred and bruise them and pour upon them three pound of small Spirit of Wine tartarizated digest it stopt close in Sand for two days strain it clear and depurate it by settling The dose from two spoon-fuls to three in a convenient vehicle Take of Elaterium Powders Soldanella Ginger of each one scruple Galangal Cloves Cinamon of each half a scruple Salt of Tartar fifteen grains make a powder for two doses Take powder of Jalap one dram Ginger one scruple Cream of Tarar 15 gr make a powder to be given in a draught of White-wine Take of Rhubarb one scruple Pills Elaterium 5 grains Tartar vitriolated half a scruple Spicknard three grains with Syrup of Buckthorn make four Pills Take of pill Aloephanginae half a dram Elaterium half a scruple Oyl of Cloves gut 3. make four Pills Bontius hydropick Pills are given from half a scruple to half a dram prepared thus Take of Aloes two drams and a half the preparation of Gum-gutta one dram and a half Diagridium corrected one dram Gum Ammoniacum dissolved one dram and a half Tartar vitriolated half a dram make a mass and form it into Pills Certain hydragogue Electuaries re now every where in use and celebrated by practisers Electuaries Of which sort are 1. One described by the renowned Sylvius and the other by Zwelfer This following pleases us Take of Resine of Jalap two drams Tartar Vitriolate one dram Extract of Rhubarb two drams of Spurge a dram and a half lesser Galangal one dram beat them in a mortar and lastly adde of Conserve of the flower of English Orris four ounces and with Syrup of Peach-flowers make an Electuary the dose from half a dram to a dram and a half or two drams I might here set down or describe many other
frequently so raised even the belly also doth from thenc swell the more forasmuch as the Blood being agitated and poured out deposits in that place more largely the Serum and for that cause the mouths of the Vessels are more loosened and opened so that they may more readily let fall water prone to depart from the mass of blood But the Remedies which are chiefly wont to be administred with success near the places affected when a Cure is intended without a Paracentesis are Clysters and Plaisters The former draw the Serum out of the Vessels and Glandules of the Guts and Mesentery without fusion of the whole mass of blood Glysters and Plaisters which the stronger purging Medicines do excite which being so emptyed do imbibe a little the extravasated Lympha For this purpose the ensuing Clyster wont to be prescribed by us in this case is most fit in regard it contracts the intestinal fibres together and draws the Serum imbibed by the blood or contained formerly therein towards the Reins Take a pint of Vrine of a sound man that drinks Wine Forms thereof Venice Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egge an ounce and a half Sal Prunella one dram and a half make a Clyster which repeat daily Sometimes Plaisters yield help in an Ascites yet let them be such as by a certain restringent and comfortable virtue strengthen the bowels and bind together the moughs of the Vessels lest they too much spue out their serosities for this purpose I use to apply the Plaister Diasaponis with successe Or Take of the Plaister of Minium Paracelsus Plaister of each what suffices make a Plaister to be applyed to the Abdomen If this disease is accompanyed with a Tympanie Epithemes of another manner are fit as we shall hereafter declare The great and most present remedy of an Ascites is that the waters may be drawn out by a Paracentesis being made which administration however doth not oftner cure the disease than kill the Patient wherefore there is need of exact caution to whom and at what time of the disease it ought to be administred to persons of an ill habit who have been long ill in whom the conformation and temper of the bowels is wholly depraved it will be in vain to have the Lympha drawn out by the Paunch being pierced for thereupon immediately the Spirits faint and the strength is dissoved and after a while a new illuvies of the morbific humour succeeds When and to whom a Paracentesis is convenient in an Ascites But those who being formerly of sound bowels and healthful enough as to other parts when they fell into an Ascites from some great and evident cause as we are not at first presently to make a Paracentesis so neither if it be needfull ought we to deferre it too long for an incorrigible depravity of the Bowels is contracted by a longer delay while they remain a long while drowned and as it were boyled in water It is beside our purpose to describe here the administration of a Paracentesis whether it be done after the ordinary manner or by a hollow Needle according to Sylvius this part of Chirurgery as dangerous when Physitians seldom prescribe yet Quacks and Empiricks rashly and unluckily essay it Artists not being consulted we will relate here for conclusion the History of a true and huge Ascites lately cured without and Paracentesis A young Woman wise to a Merchant being slender and proper A history of a cure while she gave suck to her Child to encrease her milk day and night did immoderately guzzle one while plain Ale another while Posset-drink After having used this kind of dyet for a fortnight she contracted a vast Ascites in a short time the beginning whereof she was not in the least sensible of for her Abdomen being great with water fluctuating within did much swell up and its bulk when she turned from one side to the other fell without the Ileon and borders of the rest of the body when in the mean while the flesh of all her Members was very much consumed that she seemed no less in a consumption than a Dropsie The Child being weaned and a better course of Diet being appointed she betook her self to Medicines and took in the first place the more mild Hydragogues as well purgative as diuretical but without any advantage also she was worse after every purge but being committed to our care and almost desperate I handled her after the ensuing method I prescribed these Medicines for the most part forbidding Ale and any potulent liquor medicined excepted Take of the leaves of Plantane Brooklime Clivers of each 4 handfuls bruised and pour upon them of water of Earth-worms and Rhadish compound of each three ounces press them take it twice a day viz. at Eight in the Morning and at Five in the Afternoon She continued long in the use of this Medicine but did sometimes vary the Composition sometimes changing the herbs sometimes the Liquor poured on them Take of the reddest Tincture of Salt of Tartar an ounce and a half she took 20 drops at night and early in the morning in two spoonfuls of the following Julep drinking seven spoonfuls after it Take water of Elder-flowers Saxifrage of each six ounces water of Snails Earth-worms and Rhadish-compound of each two ounces She wore a Plaister of Minium and Oxycroceum upon her Belly The following Clyster was given first daily afterwards every two or three days Take Vrine of a healthy man one pound Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg an ounce and a half Sugar an ounce Sal Prunella one dram make a Clyster By the constant use of these things her Belly asswaged within a fortnight but her flesh daily wasting a Consumption was threatned Wherefore going into the Countrey to avoid this she drank Asses milk by the benefit of which Nutriment and of purer Air continually taking the above-mentioned Medicines she recovered her entire health within three or four weeks and lives yet in health SECT II. CHAP. IV. Of a Tympanie ATypany vulgarly A Tympany not properly a kind of Dropsie although not properly is esteemed a kind of Dropsie from which rank Prosper Martianus alleading the testimony of Hippocrates rejects as well this Disease as an Anasarca But the former infessting the region of the Abdomen and raising it up into a bulk now comes under consideration next after an Ascites to which it is something a-kin where first of all it is obvious that this Disease as it is most difficult to cure so also to be known for although its outward form viz. a somewhat hard swelling of the belly very stiffe and yielding a sound like a Drum upon touching it is evidently perceived by many senses together notwithstanding what may be the morbifick matter inducing that Tumour or after what manner it is generated in the belly or from what place it comes thither is altogether unknown therefore those who have a Tympanie as though
to eight ounces of a Lye made of the Ashes of Wormwood or Broom made in White-wine and to continue the use of it for some dayes This Medicine moves potently the Urine as I have observed in many yea sometimes in such abundance that pissing the quantity of half a gallon in a day and a night the Patients have recovered their healths in a short time even to a miracle We have unfolded in a former Treatise The reason and manner of their operation enquired into by what manner and fashion Diurticks of several kinds do operate and after what manner they affect the bowels blood and other humours But that in those that labour under an Anasarca Medicines endowed with a fixt and lixivial Salt expell Urine more than those of an acid alcali or volatile Salt the reason as I judge is this viz. in those affected with this disease after the fermentation and sanguisying vertue of the blood failing the watery and crude humours heaped up as well in its mass as in the habit of the body do there remain almost immovable for a long time till at last they as the manner is of watery Juices long stagnating do wax soure wherefore the lixivial particles of the Medicine spread abroad in the blood presently boyl up with the acids of the waters which while they serment and move they stirre up in the whole mass of Blood a notable and excretive fermentation insomuch that all the particles being put into motion not only the watery and superfluous being thrust from the rest are discharged by the Reins but also the innate and active particles of the blood it self unfold themselves from the more gross with which they were involved and lastly rising up they begin to resume their fetmenting power and to sanguifie Take of the Ashes of Broom or Wormwood Forms of lixivial Diureticks or of the twigs of a Vine calcined to whiteness and sifted sour ounces put them into a glass bottle with a quart of White-wine let them digest close stopt and warm for three or four hours after strain it j the dose froms six to eight ounces twice a day Take of white Tartar calclned with Nitre and after melted in a Crucible to blueness three ounces small Spirit of Wine a pound and a half water of Snails and Earth worms of each four ounces digest them in a Sand furnace for two days the dose of the clear liquor from two to three ounces with sour ounces of the decoction of Kneeholm and Burdock-roots in Ale For ordinary Drink Take of the white Ashes of Broom cleansed two pound put them into a little Bag with three ounces of Sassafras one ounce of lesser Galangal an ounce and a half of Juniper-berries and as much of Carrot-seeds make a bag for four gallons of Ale after seven or eight dayes begin to draw it 3. Diaphoreticks Diaphoreticks od often very hotably help in a Leucophlegmatia which is the commencing or declination of an Anasarca but in this disease confirmed they are wont to be more convenient than in other kinds of Dropsies And although from the beginning they cannot cause Sweats by reason of the habit of body surrounded as it were with a more thick marsh however while they exagitate the blood they cause the innate active particles thereof being before dormant and half overwhelmed to be raised up and disposed towards fermentation and also they cause all the excrementitious and chiefly the watery to be raised into motion so that presently flowing out of their Receptacles they may the more readily and easily find way by siege or Urine and oftentimes in some part by transpiration But truly after the waters being poured out by purgation the morbific matter is diminished so much that the bulk of the body and the swelling of the members begin to abate the reliques of the humour are best consumed by a moderate transpiration and constant sweating We have described before the number and forms of Hydroticks Diaphoreticks profit which are taken in a targer dose as to the present purpose for curing an Anasarca those chiefly are fit which are given in a larger dose for they whose quantity is very small their active particles being overwhelmed in the waters are lost before being infused into the blood they can exert their strength Wherefore Spirits whether armoniack or vinous as also Tinctures and Elixirs yea and powders are more rarely used in this disease because they effect little in a lesser dose and if they be exhibited in a very large one they often hurt the bowels by their outrage But those things are rather chosen which being taken hot and in a full draught are able to pass into the whole blood not weakned of which sort in the first place are Decoctions of Woods and Roots whose particles being agreeable enough to the Blood and not to be tamed thereby do pass through the whole mass thereof and do exert their Elastic power by moving together all the humours Take of the Shavings of Lignum Vitae six ounces Forms thereof of each of the Sanders six drams shavings of Ivory Harts-horn of each three drams let them be infused and boyled in eight pound of spring-Spring-water to half adding of Calamus Aromaticus lesser Galangal Burdock and Butter-Bur-roots of each one ounce the leaves of Sage Germander dryed of each two handfuls let the strained liquor be kept for use the dose from eight to ten ounces twice in a day warm to every dose may be added 20 or 25 drops of Spirit of Sal Armoniack drawn with Amber or of Spirit of Soot or half a dram or a dram of Tincture of Salt of Tartar Hitherto of inward Hydragogue Medicines External Hydragogues which cause the Lympha to be drawn forth either by alluring it inwards towards the guts or by driving it forth to the Reins or pores of the skin Besides there are certain outward administrations in use by which the water accumulated within the habit of the body are moved together and so are either generally disposed to go forth by sweating or Urine or particularly are sent out forthwith a vent being made in some private places In the first rank are placed Frictions The chief Kinds of them and the manner of their Administration Liniments Fomentations and Baths as well dry as moist Then those particular things that bring out waters are Vesicatories and things that bring the Skin to an Eschar and pickings by a Needle We will treat briefly on each of these or at least of the principal of them as far as they have reference to this disease 1. 1. Frictions Frictions do frequently afford advantagious success in a Leucophlegmatia and an Anasarca for when the habit of the body is not only filled with a watery illuvies gathered there together so that nothing can evaporate but that the extern parts grow cold by reason of the approach of blood towards them being stopt often and stong frictions do move
excrements of the blood when not enough received by the Vessels of separation are together dlluted with the Serum with which they are conveyed to the skin and in the same place being cast off by the blood and deserted by the serous Juice while it is evaporating they are fastened about the outer little holes or pores even as a mossie down cleaving to the strait places of a River These spots chiefly appear in Summer and most upon the Breast and Back The Description and Cause of them viz. at which time and in those places men are most apt to sweat for that serous Juice which brought out those dregs from the mass of blood into the strait places of the skin leaves them there altogether unable to evaporate This indisposition hath nothing of evil joyned to it nor is it a symptom of any present disease nor doth it prefage any suddenly approaching Moreover when for the most part it happens to places that are covered and brings no deformity or trouble there seems little or no need of Cure but because an opinion is frequent with the Vulgar that the Liver is eminently endangered by these spots and necessarily requires Medicine for this cause to satisfie the importunate craving Medicines we are wont to prescribe besides extern Cosmeticks even inward hepatical Remedies whose use although not very necessary yet because from thence the depuration of blood and opening obstructions of the bowels are dispatcht they are not altogether in vain The inward Medicines profitable to this design are described before among the hepatical Remedies The Topical or outward are altogether the same in these as in any other kind of spots some select forms of which we will annex Concerning Pestilential Pestilential and scorbutick spots as also Scorbutical spots of which we have purposely in another place spoken there is no need here to repeat the same especially because for these another method is required than for those but now described inasmuch that in one kind of spots Medicines for the most part outward are wont to be administred without Splanchnic or Cordial medicines but in the other kinds only inward medicines without any that have reference to the Skin Wherefore The Cure of the Spots as to the spots called Freckles Lentigines and those commonly called Hepatical they properly belong to the Art of Beautifying and for the taking away these Deformities of the Skin only Cosmetick Remedies are prescribed without any method of healing There is every where a plentiful harvest of these with curious Ladies and others that are solicitous of cleansing their skins yet all these forasmuch as they only respect two Intentions of healing may be reduced to these two heads viz. either by opening the pores of the skin and Scarf-skin and sometimes by excoriating this they do endeavour to have the humour drawn outward and also to be evaporated or on the other side and not with less success those things are administred that may drive back the spotty matter and force it inwards We will annex here in order some usual Forms of the Topicks of either sort being rationally found out and frequently made use of happily enough because it is not lawful without offence of the Great Ones to detect the more secret mysteries of the Cosmetick Art Forms of Cosmeticks and to profane it among the Vulgar First therefore for cleansing the skin 1. Which cleanse the skin and drawing forth the matter of Spots Take of a small ly of Salt of Tartar four ounces Oyl of bitter Almonds made by expression as much as suffices in such a proportion let it be mingled that the liquor turn presently white and so remain with this mixture let the parts be anointed morning and evening and gently chased Take of Aron-roots Bryony Solomons-Seal of each one ounce Powder of Fenugreek seeds one dram of Camphir half a dram these being beat together pour on them three ounces of Oyl of Tartar per deliquium let it be pressed and applyed with a rag twice a day Take of quick Brimstone in powder one ounce black Soap two ounces tye them in a rag and hang them in a pinte of Vinegar for nine dayes after let it be used by washing the part twice a day and chafing it Secondly 2. Which repell the spotty matter For the other intention of discussing the spots from the skin and repelling their matter inwards Lac Virginis was a renowned Remedy among the Ancients and is as yet commended and made use of by many The Preparations are well enough known Viz. A Solution of Litharge made in distilled Vinegar by pouring of Oyl of Tartar per deliquium Lac Virginis it is precipitated into a white liquor like milk with which let the face and hands be washed twice a day and gently chaf'd A remedy like this or of the same vertue is prepared out of the solution of red Lead or Ceruse made in the same Menstruum and precipitated with Alum Water or a Solution of Sal Gem. Or Take of Camphir sliced two drams bruised in a glass Mortar pour thereon leisurely the juice of one Lemmon then adde one pint of White-wine strain it and let the remaining Camphir tyed in a rag be hung in the Glass Take Verdigriese four Ounces pour thereon two pints of White-wine Vinegar being put into a Cucurbite-glass let them be distilled in Sand let the Phlegme be kept for use with which let the face be anointed twice a day For this purpose also the Phlegme of Vitriol doth notably conduce It suffices some to use the distilled simple water of Bean-flowers or of Fumitory or the liquor of a Vine distilling from the Boughs cut in the Spring-time Notwithstanding the more nice and those who chiefly boast to understand this Art are scarce content with any Remedies but Mercurial wherefore the following water is commended and sold by Empiricks at a great rate against all foulness of the face whatsoever Take of Mercury sublimate one ounce powdered A Mercurial Cosmetick water put it in a Tin Vessel with three pints of Spring-water let them stand twenty four hours space ever and anon stirring it with a wooden Spatula untill the whole liquor grows black which notwithstanding being philter'd through brown Paper becomes clear with a rag or a feather dipt in this let the face be gently done over once or twice in a day This Remedy doth most notably help against all cutaneous Deformities It s Vertue viz. inasmuch as it drives away the humours within the little pores and those impacted within the little holes howsoever small dissolves the inveterate and stubborn combination of Salts or Sulphurs and restores the whole skin where it is applyed though evilly framed as to its pores and makes it well coloured Wherefore it is usefull not only to cleanse the spots of the face but also to take away wheals and its redness as also the Disease of the Erisypelas Moreover sometimes it happens that many parts of
of it self it is too powerfull to be applyed all over the body but only to the Joynts of the Arms and Thighs or worn about the Loyns made up in a Girdle for so it seldom fails in curing the Itch. But dangerous Notwithstanding there is danger lest this practice as it often happens produce evil and pernicious symptomes for from the Mercurial Oyntment frequently a salivation also sometimes dimness of the eyes or drowsie or convulsive Affections do proceed Also sometimes the Poyson of the medicine within the Praecordia or Bowels produces the dreadful Affections of short breathing Swouning or bloody Fluxes The vulgar form of a Mercurial Oyntment and chiefly in use for the itch is this The Form of it Take of Quick-silver reduced into small particles with an acid or as they say kill'd an ounce and a half fresh Hogs Lard six ounces incorporate them well stirring them long in a Stone or Glass mortar Neither only under the form of an Oyntment A Mercurial Water for the Itch. but also after many other wayes the aforesaid Medicines are wont to be often used For the fume of Cinabar which is prepared of Mercury with Sulphur cast upon Coals and taken in at the mouth or striking the superficies of the Body cures the Psora The Mercurial Cosmetick before described being weaker by two degrees if it be applyed upon the Skin chiefly on the ulcerated places it kills the Scab Notwithstanding the use of these is not always so secure as to be administred every where to all persons Baths are prepared of Sulphur and Vegetables either apart or together Baths being boyled in water which heal this Disease not as a common Bath by only washing off the filthiness of the Skin but also by destroying the ferment thereof Moreover beside these there is another more easie and neater manner of healing the Itch viz. Let a Shirt boyled with Powder of Brimstone in Spring-water A Sulphurous Shirt and dryed by the Sun or Fire be worn next the body for four or five dayes for so that disease is wont to be cured without bathing or nastiness of anoynting or evil smell It the Aetiologie of these be enquired into Why Sulphur is the Antidote of the Psora and first why Brimstone is such a specifick Antidote against the Itch that poor and ordinary men who have not wherewithall to use any other Medicine do take against this Distemper inwardly only powder of Brimstone with Milk and administer it outwardly with Butter I have already in part given an account where we have unfolded the balsamick vertue of Brimstone towards the Lungs Namely it is a good expedient in either case inasmuch as it destroyes the acidities of the Blood and Humours and all the exotick and corrupting roughnesses and restores a benign disposition to every Juice viz. a mild and an unctuous The Reason of it and so the Particles of Brimstone any way outwardly applyed do easily enter into the pores of the skin and being admitted inward do forthwith work upon the ulcerous Ichor there abounding kill the Salts there predominating and procure a balsamick nature to the cutaneous Juice that it may aftewards agree with the Blood and Serum continually flowing to it As to Mercury it is no wonder if Medicines prepared hereof do throughly heal the places of the skin affected with the Psora wherever applyed How Mercury cures this Disease for by the application hereof wheals and pushes and all malignant ulcers viz. Venereal and Scorbutick are wont to be tamed Neither is it a thing to be admired that these Remedies administred in any private places as long as they provoke salivation are a Cure of an Universal Itch but really that without spitting they can produce such an effect as that a Girdle wherein Quick-silver is sowed and worn about the Loyns should abolish the Scab of the whole body and that sometimes without any sensible evacuation or harm caused thereby I say the reason hereof is not so easily apparent Yet for the solution hereof The reason of its vertue we must say that the Particles of Mercury being able to extinguish the scabbiness of every Itchy ferment when they are applyed to any private part do presently take away the Scab of that place and besides being caught by the venous blood and diffused through the whole masse thereof and a little after they are not only carryed back by the arterious blood to the same place where taken in but being brought outward every where they are deposited in the skin of the whole body and in the same place destroy every Miasma of the Scab If it then shall happen that these Mercurial particles after they have finished the Cure should be all evaporated again out of the skin no salivation afterwards or other prejudice will follow SECT III. CHAP. VII Of the Impetigo or Lepra of the Greeks AFter the Scab with the Itch Several names of the Impetigo it follows that we treat of another Distemper a little a-kin to this by reason of the breakings out of little pustules which is commonly call'd Impetigo by some a Tetter and Morphew and by others the Leprosie of the Greeks And as it gains several names so they are variously applyed by Authors and by these they design one kind of Disease and by those another kind Wherefore as the names of this Distemper are variously confounded and perhaps that as to its nature and formal appearance it has been various in divers Regions neither may it be altogether the same in our generation as in former times for this cause my business here shall not be to describe this disease according to Boods but from the proper observation of the Patients themselves The Impetigo is wont to arise and affect after this manner It is described according to its appearances to wit little wheals or red pustules sometimes single and sometimes many together are raised in divers parts of the body but chiefly in the Arms or Thighs to each of which new ones every where are adjoyned the Disease augmenting and in a short space of time there become many heaps of risings of that kind like clusters For the little pimples breaking out daily near to their stemme and spreading still larger diffuse themselves into a Circle and so cause every heap of Eruptions to be enlarged The rough superficies of each appears something white and scaly so that upon scratching the scales fall off and often a thin Ichor sweats out which being presently dryed up again hardens into a shelly scale These Clusters of little Pimples being first small and fewer appear perhaps three or four in the Arm or Thigh or other particular member about the bigness of a Penny or half a dram but afterwards if the disease be suffered to augment they break out every where more frequent which being leisurely encreased in their ground after wards appear to equal or exceed the bitgness of a Silver Crown but
words the reason hereof I am apt to think whether that food is rancid or otherwise improportionate that it conveys particles not rightly mixed nor easily to be subdued to our blood which being so heterogeneous and largely heapt up by a long use of such Diet the saline particles of which kinde do easily associate themselves and so do constitute Tartarous Coagulations to be exterminated in the skin and the seeds of the Leprosie or of the Impetiginous Evil. But yet a plentiful Crop is begot from the taint of the Scurvy and Pox left in the body It often follows the Pox and Scurvy and afterwards by the combination of Salts and Sulphur exalted to extremity We have elsewhere discovered the reasons of the former disease and especially of the foresaid symptome coming after it which being accommodated to our present Hypothesis do make it more clear And it so often happens that pustulous eruptions of this sort do follow an inveterate Pox although it seem to be cured that none distempered almost with these wants the suspicion of that shamefull Disease so that the first Question of a Physician in such a case being consulted is Whether the Patient have not at some time formerly contracted that Distemper For surely the Corruptions of the blood after they are by a long stay become altogether heterogeneous and indomitable at length acquire to themselves salt Particles wherewith growing into such like Tartarous Concretes and being thrust forth into the skin produce those Impetiginous Pustules As to the Prognostick part of this Disease Its Prognosticks although it seldom threatens death or imminent danger yet after it hath taken deep root the Cure is very difficult if at all The Impetigo first beginning and exciting a few Pustules and knots of them perhaps in one or two members sometimes admits of Cure but hardly without a most efficacious remedy But if the Disease proceed so far that the frequent and broad clusters of wheals appear dispers'd throughout the body then small remedies effect nothing and the great ones howsoever diligently observed will not easily perform a Cure But if the Disease maugre all remedies advance daily and encrease at length into a Leprosie Celsius judges it impossible to be cured and therefore we must wholly abstain form it There are two chief Indications concerning the Cure of an Impetigo The Cure viz. Preservatory which respects the cause of the Disease and the Curatory which relates to the symptomes Two chief Indications viz. the pustulous Eruptions The vital Indication hath seldom place here unless in a desperate condition where sleep and strength fail The Method of Curing ought to begin with the Preservatory Indication which takes away the Causes of the Disease by inward remedies for otherwise external as in the Psora are never administred with success but the roots of the disease in the blood being cut off the cutaneous sproutings quickly consume away for the taking them away we must proceed in one manner when the Impetigo begins by it self and in somewhat a different manner when it follows an inveterate Scurvy or Pox being ill or not at all cured We will consider each case throughly by it self and distinctly Therefore whensoever this Disease is simple How to be cured the Disease beginning of it self and primarie and being yet New let the evident and extern Causes be removed let the manner of Diet and unwholsomness of Air be corrected therefore those that have been lately too much accustomed to salt Diet and the flesh of Pork and Fish let them change to Diet of good Juice and easie of digestion The evident causes to be first removed They that inhabit the Sea-coast or Fenny places let them remove to a dry and clear Air in the mean while let no less care be had to their Drink by declining thick and foggy Ale and small and acid Wines too much abounding with Tartar at length let care be taken lest their Drink or Food be dressed with any mineral waters that are apt to petrisie Secondly The conjunct Causes how taken away In respect of the conjunct and procuring Cause there are two chief Intentions of Cure viz. that the impurities of the bowels and humours be quickly purged out also that the acid faline distemperatures of the blood and nervous Juice be altered whereby the Tartarous matter may be the less engendred in them for these purposes Medicines both evacuating and altering are prescribed of several kinds Notwithstanding because not all but the greatest remedies are here convenient those which are most chiefly of use and available are Catharticks Phlebotomy Whey Chalybeate Waters The chief Remedies made known Juicy expressions of Herbs Decoctions of Woods steel'd Medicines and Salivation Some certain Models of each of these and the manner of using them we will annex Wherefore in the first place 1. A Purge universal purging and bleeding being celebrated as in the Cure of the Psora we appoint the following Tincture or purging Infusion whose dose is from six to eight ounces to be repeated in six or seven days Take of the roots of sharp-pointed Docks dryed Polyodie of the Oak A purging Infusion of each half an ounce Senna ten drams Epithymum six drams Rhubarb Mechoacan of each half an ounce yellow Sanders two drams Celtick Nard half a dram Salt of Tartar one dram and a half put them in a glass with three pints of White-wine water of Elder-flowers one pound let them stand stopt in a cold place three dayes pour off daily as much of the clear liquor as is sufficient Secondly For sweetning of the Blood and washing of the Salts thereof 2. Whey let simple Whey two or three pints or with the infusion of Fumitory Chicory and sharp-pointed Docks be drunk every morning for twenty or thirty dayes if the Stomach will bear it and likewise evening and early in the morning let a dose of the ensuing Electuary be swallowed Take Conserve of the roots of sharp-pointed Docks six ounces Crabs-eyes Coral prepared An Electuary of each two drams Ivory one dram Powder of Lignum Aloes yellow Sanders of each a dram and a half Sal Prunella two drams Vitriol of Mars a dram and a half Syrup of juice of Wood-sorrel what suffices to make an Electuary the dose two drams Thirdly For the same reason that Whey 3. Steel'd Waters your Iron Mineral waters are prescribed bed for this Disease and do oft notably help for when all the other remedies have been in vain I have with those alone cured a painfull and almost leprous Impetigo Moreover for more efficacy sake let the use of Sal Prunella or Vitriol of Mars or of the Electuary but now mentioned be dexterously adjoyned Fourthly In some endued with too much Serum and a watery Constitution 4. Decoctions of Woods where the drinking Whey or Mineral waters are less requisite it is sometimes expedient that a Decoction of the Woods be assumed at
physical hours and also constantly instead of ordinary drink Take the Shavings of Willow half a pound of Sarsaperilla eight ounces whits Sanders Lignum Lentiscinum of each two ounces Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each six drams Filings of Tin crude Antimony of each four ounces tyed in a rag of Liquorish one ounce infuse them in sixteen pound of spring-Spring-water and boyl them to half keep it strained for use Fifthly Medicines of Steel 5. Medicines of Steel in that they are every where accounted among the more excellent Remedies are wont seldom to be omitted in this Disease although not frequently given with success for most Preparations of Steel wherein the Sulphureous Particles predominate inasmuch as they ferment the blood and irritate it into Critical Effervescences do cause these impetiginous eruptions to augment rather than diminish notwithstanding the Salt Syrup Tinctures and infusions of Vitriol inasmuch as they fix the Blood and something restrain the raging of the Salts do fitly enough agree with the intention of Cure now proposed but being weak in efficacy they do not prevail against so Herculean a Disease Wherefore Sixthly these and many other Remedies nothing availing 6. Sallvation many commend Salivation as the stoutest Wrestler and only match for such an Enemy Yet the event doth not always answer this great expectation for I have experimented this remedy without success in four Patients labouring under a painful Impetigo which had resisted other Medicines Some of these were provok'd to abundant Spitting by Unction with Quick-silver others by doses of Solar Precipitate which they have endured for the space of twenty dayes which time being elapsed all the scaly eruptions and clusters of wheals have vanished notwithstanding to confirm the Cure a Diet-drink of the Decoction of Sarsa was appointed and frequent sweating under a Cradle and due purgation between was continued for a month Notwithstanding this Course being finished Salivation does not alwayes cure this Disease when no footsteps of the distemper seemed to be left within another month a new stock of the same Disease beginning to break out it encreased quickly to its usual maturity Moreover when one of them would repeat this course and another after two relapses would experiment it the third time both of them at length after great sufferings of Pain despaired of Cure Whence it is manifest that the Venereal Distemper although highly malignant and raising most filthy Ulcers consuming the flesh and bones is more easily and certainly cured than the Impetigo The reason whereof if we enquire Why the Impetigo is more difficult of Cure than the Pox. may plainly be conceived for that the cause of the latter Disease consists in a malignant and altogether heterogeneous pollution infecting and poysoning the blood and nervous Liquor for a certain time but not altogether overthrowing or for ever depraving its temperament wherefore the Cure is performed by Salivation or a sudorifick Diet eradicating all that venom and then the natural disposition of the blood and humours remains entire But in a more difficult Impetigo the Elemental particles and first Constitutives of the blood are corrupted insomuch that unless the natural disposition and constitution of these are restored all Evacuations and Expurgations of any venemous malignant and heterogeneous matter however plentiful and eradicative do little or nothing prevail Wherefore many famous Physicians not undeservedly judg'd this Disease being confirmed and raised to the borders of a Leprosie to be hardly or never cured Secondly Impetigo succeeding a Scurvy how to be cured No better event attends this malady ensuing upon an inveterate Scurvy perhaps hence the intentions of healing are a little more certain when this Distemper is placed as the Basis or root of that to wit that the chief curing Indication being taken from thence we must chiefly insist upon Antiscorbutical remedies but the more sharp and hot of this kind as the Garden Scurvy-grass Water-cresses the Horse-rhadish Hot antiscorbuticks do not agree Pepperwort and others too much irritating the blood inasmuch as they dissolve the temperament thereof more and drive out more plentifully the Tartarous Coagulum to the skin are always discovered to be more prejudicial than advantagious and for this reason the use of Baths Nor Baths or bathing in hot waters which namely evacuate the humours of the whole body by an abundant Evaporation and cleanse the pores of the skin and seem very available in this malady often-times are so far from helping that those Eruptions are wont to be exasperated from thence and very much encreased for I have known many not extreamly Impetiginous to have gone to our Baths to bathe in the hot waters that have returned altogether Leprous But only the more temperate Remedies endued with a nitrous vitriolick or volatile Salt Wherefore when the Symptoms of this distemper arise from a scorbutick evil all elastick things are to be avoided and only the more temperate endued with a Nitrous Vitriolic or volatile Salt are to be administred We will lay down some Models of each sort As first Crystal Mineral Juices of some Herbs and Decoctions Salt and Mineral purging Waters are most predominant with a Nitrous Salt Take of Crystal Mineral Forms of Nitrous Medicines or Nitre purified one ounce Flowers of Sal Armoniack one dram bruise them in a glass Mortar give one dram three or four times in twenty four hours Take of the leaves of Housleek the greater two handfuls bruise it and boyl it in two pound and a half of new Milk till it turn to Curds and Whey strain it and take a pint of the clear liquor twice in a day Take of the leaves of Dandelyon six handfuls Water of Sow-thistles bruise them and put them into a glazed earthen pot with a cover which put in an Oven after the bread is drawn out let it stand six or seven hours then pour it through a Strainer the dose is four ounces to six of the clear liquor thrice or oftner in a day Cucumbers being endowed with a Nitrous quality are advantagious by experience against this disease Cucumbers wherefore in lieu of a Sallad let them be plentifully and often eaten moreover three of four of them cut into slices let them be infused and stopt close in three pints of Spring-water all night to the clear liquor poured out adde Sal Prunella two or three drams the dose is half a pint thrice or oftener in a day For the same purpose Decoctions of the leaves in running water together with the fruit do profit 1. Purging Mineral Waters Certain mineral purging waters of which sort are chiefly those of North-hall an Analysis being made by Evaporation manifestly shew a Nitrous Salt with which they are imbued and I have sometimes found the daily drinking about four pintes for many dayes to help against a gentle Impetigo 2. Vitriolick acidule waters But as I have before hinted those Mineral waters endued with a