most part in the dry neruous parts but chiefly on the head and ioyntes on the hands feete The causes are strokes and wearines of the ioynts such other as ye haue heard in Aâ—â—â—roma as also the signes The cure first consisteth in good diet eschewing al meates which ingender grosse humors eate of things of good digestion abstaine from drinking of water purge bleede haunt no humide place as for the pâ—rticular remedies we must vnderstand that this humor is sometime inclosed in the membraine in that procede as in Aâ—â—â—â—oma sometime it is not inclosed and theÌ„ we may applye a cake of leade rubbed with quicksiluer or an emplaster resolutine made of galbanum ammoniac oyle of lillies and bayes brimstone virioll roman calcined Sometimes it is with corruption of the bone in that case the humor must be euacuated and the exfoliatioÌ„ of bone procured as ye shal heare in the chapter of vlcers with corruptioÌ„ of the bone For diuers other diseases of the head haue your recourse to heurnius demorbis capitis The third Chapter of the tumor in the eye called Lippitudo and Opthalmia in Greeke OPthalmia is an inflamatioÌ„ of the whole eye but chiefly of the membraine called coniunctiue with great rednes dolor The cause is either externall or internall the externall as strokes heate dust winde great cold rubbing or some moate in the eye the internall â—ause is defluxion of the humors being nere to the braines as also the veins externe interne of the head wherof procedeth fluxioÌ„ also the sanguine humor chollerick or phlegmatick which asceÌ„deth to the head The signs are manifest like as great inflamatioÌ„ rednes heat of the eies teÌ„ples dolor repletioÌ„ of the veins hardnes this sicknes hath 4. degrees like as other tumors hapneth ofteÌ„ to yoÌ„g childreÌ„ others who haue weake eies which is the cause that they are subiect to the fluxioÌ„ of humors The iudgmeÌ„ts are the matter of this is somtime hot otherwhiles cold and those which happeÌ„ in winter are the worse theÌ„ those which happeÌ„ in SoÌ„mer if they be neglected euill handled there follow euill accideÌ„ts as spots rupture of the cornea and diuers others If the dolor be vehement it is daÌ„gerous for corruptioÌ„ corrosion of the cornea As for the curatioÌ„ there are 3. things to be obserued the first is good diet eate litle chiefly at night abstaine froÌ„ al vaporous things al euil digestioÌ„ fishes fruits spices salt humide things abide neither in great darknes nor too much light for great light dissipeth the spirit sometime causeth blindnes as we read of the soldiors of Xenophanes who through going long in the snow became almost al blind Also Dioniâ—â—â—s tiraÌ„t of Sicil made blind his prisoÌ„ers after this sort first he imprisoÌ„ed theÌ„ long in a very dark place theÌ„ he brought them suddeÌ„ly into a great light so made theÌ„ all blind All colors are not expedieÌ„t for the sight the white dissipeth the spirits draweth them to it the black maketh them too dul there is nâ— color that coÌ„forteth the sight but grene blew violet which nature sheweth vs in the compositioÌ„ of the eye for the tunic vâ—e a sheweth the greene blewe of the part that looketh to the humor custalline Endeuor to be laxatiue walke not too much beware of al perturbâ—ons of the spirit from smoake and dust and blowing of Alchymie for both it hurteth the eye and consumeth the substance maketh men miserable both in bodie and goods hold vp thy head and abstayne from wine and women and such like as yee may perceiue by these verses of the learned Gordoniu Haec occulis multum sol puluis fumus et aestus Ventus cum fletu vina Venusque nocent Acria ne mandas nec quae sunt plena vaporum Nec caepas lentes allia poâ—ra fabas The second intention consisteth in euacuating diuerting the humor by pilles clisters bleeding of the veine Cephalicke ventouseing on the shoulders frictions on the thighes legges and extremities also by opening the veine and arters of the temples The third intention is in the topicall remedies as collyrs of diuers sorts according to the diuorsitie of the degree and time of the apostume as in the beginning of the inflamation take plantaine and rose water of each halfe an ounce two whites of egges and a little fennell water womens milke the muâ—ilages of hipsileon with a little trochistes of rasis sine opio a litilt caiphure put of thiis in the eye and at night make a cataplasme of an apple rosted and lay on the eye or this remedie which I haue often prooued not onely in the opthalmie but diuers other maladies of the eyes Take two ounces of white wine as much rose water and euphrage halfe a crownes waight of Tutie prepared as much of aloes 3. or 4. leaues of Massi put all in a violl and stoppe it close set it three weckes in the sunne instill thereof in the eyes In the meane time vse emplaisters on the temples of mastick de bolo et contra rupturam and such like to stay the fluxion For the great dolor vse the roasted apple with a little womens milk or a little plantaine water put betweene two clothes likewise for the vehement dolor the bloud of a pigeon or henne vnder the winges instilled is verie good there are diuers other remedies whereof we shall intreat more at length in the poore mans guide like as also of Egilops and Enchilops with diuers other maladi-s of the eyes The fourth Chapter of the tumors in the eares THere come many grieuous diseases in the eares sometime outwardly and sometime inwardly occupying sometime the whole eare sometime a part thereof The cause is an hotte humor and biting descending from the nerues of the fift coniugation with the dura mater dispersed in the conduite of the eare sometime a vaporous spirite cold thicke humor which maketh difficultie of hearing and sometime deafenes The Signes are manifest The iudgementes young people are more grieuously tormented then olde and die often afore it come to suppuration and that within 7. dayes by reason of the great accidents as feuer lightnesse sounding In old folkes it commeth oft to suppuration yet the dolor is verie vehement by reason of the nerue of the fift coniugation also for the membranes and propinquitie of the braines nature hath giuen it an exquisite feeling The cure consisteth in remedies vniuersall and particular vniuersall as good dyet abstayning from wine and all strong drinke and fumie bleeding of the veine Cephalicke and vsing of clysters or some gentle medicines according to the humor as ye haue heard in Opthalmi As for particular remedies they differ not much from others except that we vse no repercussiues abstayne from all cold remedies by reason of
for example if the choller domaine amongst the bloud more then the rest of the humors the tumor shal be called phlegmonerisipelatus and in like manner in the rest as phlegmon edematus or schirrus so Galen saith that the humors are seldome found alone but mixed together The cause is triple primitiue antecedent and coniunct The primitiues are externall and first motiues as great vsage of meates which ingender much bloud also all those thinges which may moue the humors and prouoke fluxion falles strokes breaking of the bones contusion heate excessiue labour and such like The antecedant cause â— great superfluitie and aboundance of bloud offending either in quantitie qualitie or both intemperie euill confirmation and dolor of the part The cause coniunct or continent is the bloud or matter affixed in the affliged parte The signes are inflamation rednes hardnes feuer dolor and pulsation chiefly it being in maturitie The iudgementes the small ones doe often resolue the great ones doe often apostume sometiâ—e degender into great sickenesses according to the euill disposition of the bodie and partes where it chaunceth as mortification and schirre Sometime it returneth to the place it came froÌ„ as in the emunctoires of the noble parts As for the curation it shall be reduced to foure pointes according to Fâ—chius and Togatius the first in good diet of life secondly in staying the humour that floweth to the place thirdly in euacuating that which is in the place fourthly in correcting the accidents which often chaunce as saith Galen As touching the first which is good diet as saith Galen it shall be obserued in sixe thinges not naturals which shall be colde contrarie to the humor which is hotte sometime it shall be colde and humide and if it be with feuer the humor that floweth shall be diuerted by taking away the cause as repletion of the euill humors by bleeding purgations and also by strengthening the parte if it be debille also by frictions ventouseing and binding The humor shall be euacuated in diuers wayes according to the degrees of the apostumes as in the beginning we must vse repercussiues as whites of egges oxycrate rose and plantaine waters cataplasmes of bol armenie terra figillata barke of pomegranate henbane oyle of roses vnguent of roses album rasis diacalcitios or populeon For the augmentation which is the second degree we vse repercussiues and resolutiues like as mallowes plantaine roses wormewood barley flowre oyle of camomill oxicrate pouder of roses and mirtle sodden wine called sapa rose water vinegre saffron of which things you may make cataplasmes liniments fomentations as you shall finde expedient In the vigor we vse repercussiues and resolutiues in like force like as mallowes parietarie althea rosted vnder the ashes oyle of roses camomilli with a little beane flowre In the declination we vse only resolutiues Auicen counselleth to soften a little which shall be done with fomentations of althea origan lyne seede fenigrec flowers of camomill roses which thinges shall all be sodden in white wine mingled with a little barley meale and hony vnguent of aragon martiatum or agrippa de althea de melilâ—to or diachilon paruum We correct the accidents which is the fourth point as dolor which must be appeased by all meanes for the great accidents which often doe ensue For the which we vse oyle of roses waxe and wine sodden together as counselleth Galen Also cataplasmes of white bread and milke water oyle of roses violettes or camomill or annise seede or sweete almondes yolkes of egges with a little saffron in like manner the flowers of mallowes camomill and mellilot sodden in wine putting thereto a little barley flowre and goose grease lyne seede also vnguentes of roses and populeon If these thinges be not sufficient we take the leaues of henbane poppie rosted vnder the ashes and tempered with the iuice of sorrell and housleeke put to it a little hennes grease and saffron If the matter take the course inwrdly to some noble parte wee remedie it by application of ventouses cornettes frictions straight ligatures and such like If the matter com to a dispositioÌ„ schirrus we must vse medicameÌ„ts that soften digest as ye shall heare in the Chapter of schir If â—t tend to putrifaction it shal be helped by deepe scarifications cataplasmes made of beane flower soddeÌ„ in vineger and honye and such other remedies as ye shall heare in the Chapter of Gangren Oftentimes this tumor tendeth to suppuration which we knowe as sayth Paulus by the great swelling and rednes of the place eminent great heate dolor pulsation and feuer and such like those thinges being perceiued we passe from resolutiues to suppiâ—atiues as to foment the place first with hot water or oyle also with honie and water called Hydreleon making a cataplasme with wheate flower sodden in Hydrelâ—on putting to it a little fresh butter Calues greace Henns or Goose Also you may make a suppuratiue of Lillie roots Sorrell Parretarie and Mallowes sodden in Hydrelion put thereto a litle flower of Fenegreck Lyu-seede oyle of Lillies with a little sower leauen after it is taken of the fier put to it twoo yolkes of Egges this sort of remedie appeaseth well rhe dolor for the same effect we vse the emplaster called Dilachilon magnum or Basilicon The suppuration made we know by the diminution of the accidents and the tumor which is pointed also with pressing on it with the two thumbes we find it soft with great innundation Then if it open not shortly of it selfe it must be done by a ruptor or lancet otherwise it waxeth hollow and putrifieth within In the opening of it there are three tules to be obserued as yee haue heard in the generall Chapter Here we must obserue that the incision be made in the inferior part the matter must not be euacuated at one tyme make the incision the length eschewing nerues sinewes veines and arters and not by the breadth as sayth Auicen When it is opened we vse the yolke of an egge with a litle Turpintine oyle of Roses for a certain space therafter hony of Roses or sirupe of Roses mundificatiue de apio apostolorum or my mundificatiue set down in the poore mans guide or any other thing that munifieth sometime we adde a little egiptiac specially to those which withstand the former remedies the vlcer cleansed wee mixe with a little Turpintine and Honye some pouder of Irish aloes and thus or some little aureum with these pouders thereafter the emplaster of Diacalciteos or red desiccatiue and such like so the vlcer healeth The third Chapter of the tumor Feruncle or Dothine which proceedeth of Phlegmon WE haue spoken in the generall Chapter of diuers tumors which come of the sanguine humor as Phigethton Phinia and diuers others but by reason they may be cured by the generall râ—râ— of Phlegmon we let them passe and speake of the rest beginning
wash thy mouth therewith holding it a while therein Or this take barley plantaine shepheardes purse the barke of the pomegarnet of each one a little and seethe them in water putting thereto after it be strayned a little syrrop of violettes or roses and vse it as the former Or this pouder made of Allum balaust terra sigillata roses redde sugar mixed all together and put in a little instrument meete for that purpose to apply it to the sore the like may bee done with a little pepper and salte brayed together as also water of allom If by none of these the greatnesse doth diminish it must either be cutte with sheeres or burned with canâ—er actuall or consumed with causticke medicaments like as oyle of vâ—trioll strong water pouder of coters The best remedie which I haue found in this disease is cutting of it with the sheeres thereafter wash the mouth with oxicrate or some astringent water or redde wine mixed with allom water Sometime it tendeth to suppuration which if it happen cure it with gargarismes and such other remedies expedient for vlcers in these partes if all this fayleth haue recourse to the poore mans guide The eight Chapter of the Tumor of the of the Amigdalles called by the Greekes Parisâ—himia by Latines Tonsilla AT the roote of the tongue Nature hath placed two little glandes like vnto almondes for which cause they are called Amigdalles are there placed for diuers reasons but chiefely for receyuing the humiditie of the braines which if it fell onely on the toungue would trouble the speech and also that the toungue should be moistned with some humiditie otherwise it should become drie in speaking The Cause is great aboundance of viscous humiditie mordicant which commeth from the head drinking of strong and fumie drinke walking morning and euening when the dewe is fallen also great aboundance of bloud and sometime in children through the bitternesse of the milke The signes are euident to the sight chiefely in pressing downe the tongue The Iudgementes are dolor feuer accompanied with such inflamation which causeth the sicke to suffocke The Cure consisteth in good dyet eate little and of light digestion abstayne from all strong drinke as in other inflamations vse clisters bleeding in the arme as also the veines vnder the tongue vse ventouses and frictions on the necke gargarismes refrigeratiues and desiccatiues If it apostume as often happeneth it must be opened with a lancet if the Tumor doth so augment that the sicke is in danger to suffocke theÌ„ thou shalt make incision on the trachearter betwixt the thirde and fourth ring cutting onely the membrane that holdeth them together and not the proper substance of the cartilage so the ayre shall auoid put in a tente of siluer that is hollow into it till the inflamation be past thereafter close vp the wound This was practised by Andrew Scot one of the King of Scotlands Chirurgions in Paris most cuÌ„ningly To doe this operation thou shalt holde backeward the patients head lift vp the skinne with the hand and cutte it in length so the membrane shall bee discouered then make your incision with a Bistorie in the said place during which time vse externally medicamets about the necke that are made of barley flower lint seede and fenegrec with such like as shall be found most expedient according to the degree of the maladie It is good to vse this remedie which hath vertue to close the soft partes drie vp the pituitous humor which is fallen on the part and hath the vertue to soften the glands interne as also to loose and is thus made Rec. nidi hirundinis 3. vnc pulueris nucum cupressi 1. vnc rosarum 1. vnc se accipiantur cum oximelite fiat cataplasma This operation of incision is very dangerous if it bee not well made by reason of the fluxe of bloud which often doth happen as also for the nerues which passe that way I cured an apothecarie in Paris after this method and he healed sometime it degenereth into Schirre and then it must not be touched but by remedies palliatiues The ninth Chapter of the Tumor in the throat called by the Greeks Schinanch by Latines Angina or Strangulatio ANgina is an apostume or inflamation of the interior muscles of the throat whereof there are foure kindes the first is great inflamation in the throat the second is a humor contayned behinde the Amigdalles which hindereth swallowing sometime suffocketh the third is great tumor and inflamation toward the chinne both externally and internally the fourth kind is when the vertebres of the necke goe out of their place whereupon the tongue retireth froÌ„ the proper scituation with difficultie of breathing The cause is either great cold ayre vsage of colde drinke also it proceedeth of multitude of humors not of all the body but of the head and partes neere to it The Signes are difficultie of breathing feuer dolor in the throat The Iudgements are these if it come sodainly through a feuer without any apparance outwardly in the neck it is mortal The Cure consisteth in remedies vniuersall and particular the generall shall bee in ordering good fourme of life in the sixe vnnaturall things eate little drinke ptisan sleepe little vse clisters and some light purgations bleede in the veines cephalicks in both the armes also in the veines vnder the tongue The particuler remedies are to vse frictions ventouâ—es with scarifications on the shoulders application of hot bread to diuertise the humor with this liment on the neck vnguent refrigeratine oyle of camomill Lillies and violets with a little hennes greace therafter apply sheepes woll on it as it coÌ„meth froÌ„ the sheepe in the meane time gargarize the mouth with plantiue water vineger or whay or with this that followeth take barley plantine pimpernell chereuill and seeth altogether after the â—bullition put to it a little Diamoron or honey of Roses Diuers other remedies are set downe by Paulus Mesues Or this Re. aquae solani plantaginis caprifolij an lib. se aceti vnc se diamoron vnc 3. fiat gargarisma If it turn to suppuration vse this gargarisme take the rootes of mallowes and althea sorrell and lyn-seede of euerye one a little boyle it in Cowes milke putting thereto a little of the musilages of Psilion which thou shalt hold a certaine space in the mouth the matter being become to maturitie open it with a lancet thereafter this cleansing gargarisme composed of decoction of barley honey and sirupe of roses being cleansed ad to the said decoctioÌ„ a litle allum balanse and mirrhe sicatrize the wound All this time kepe good diet and abstaine froÌ„ womeÌ„ beware the matter take not the course to the lyghtes which is most dangerous If any bone or pycke bee in the throate ye shall vse the remedie set down in the poore
thinges as are set downe for the consolidation of woundes The third Chapter of vlcer virulent and Corrosiue HEre yee shall heare of those two vlcers which are not much different those vlcers which haue certaine virulencie and venenositie are virulent but after the bitternes augment and corrodeth the flesh and maketh 〈◊〉 greate it is called corrosiue or eating vlcer if eate much of the flesh nor going deepe it is called ambulatiue if yet it doth augment it becommeth in cancer or lupus as yee shall heare The Cause of these vlcers are euill bilioâ—s humors sharpe and byting the which get some malignitie venenositie by their adustion and happen oft after Herpes or woundes that haue been irritated by sharâ— and byting medicameÌ„ts The Câ—re is first in the manner of life according to the disposition of the bodie and humors that raigne nexte in purging partly for the euacuation of such sharpe humors thirdly in applying fit medicins on the vlcer as if it be very humide the medicaments must he more drying and lyke to the parr as this take water of allom or playntine decoction of Cypres Mirabalon baâ—k of Pomegarnet such like If there be great heate in the place coole it by refrigeratiues desiccatiues Guydo for such vlcers vseth a cake of leade rubbed with quicksiluer vnguentum pompholigos de minio or de plumbo vnguentum rubrum cum camphora take any of these mixed with a litle tuthiae preparate plumbi vsti cerusae lotae beaten in a morter of lead with water of plantaine a little terra sigillata with a little oyle of Roses make an vnguent If the malignitie be great oft the body is drie and consume these humors with canters actuall pouder of mercurie mixed with vnguent rosat till such time the malice be consumed thereafter wash it with the decoction aboue specified If by all these remedies wee profit not we vse the thochisces of diandron de musa arsnic copporous vsing alwaies defensiues to repercute the fluxion which may come through the violence of these remedies If these be not suffitient Auicen counselleth to cut the member infected and vlcered The fourth Chapter of the vlcer profound and Cauernous The vlcer cauernous hath theorifice staight the bottoÌ„ broad many cauernes some right some oblique with diuers fractuositiues without hardnes callositie so differ from fistules The cause of such vlcers is apostemes wounds euill healed in the which the matter hath bâ—n loÌ„g retayned the orifice higher than the bottom as ye haue heard the party debilitated so causeth defluxion of superfluous humors not only of the part but of al the body Thou shalt know these cauernes by the sonde either of lead siluer or a wax candle therin coÌ„tained by the iniection if it be white cernsse it is cold if it be subtil reddish the matter is hot those that are easie to heale haue litle matter with diminitioÌ„ of dolor humor The cure of such vlcers coÌ„sisteth first in the way of life with remedies according to the quality of the humor nature of the part vlcered as also the situatioÌ„ the dolor intemperie other accideÌ„ts that entertaine the vlcer As for the topicall remedies if the orifice be in coÌ„modious situatioÌ„ that the matter may euacuat by vngueÌ„ts emplasters muÌ„dificatiues deâ—iccatiues with lygaturs coÌ„presses fomentatioÌ„s iniectioÌ„s of red wine if the orifice be high the bottom low the meÌ„ber must bee siâ—uat in such fashioÌ„ that the nethermost be as ye haue heard in wouÌ„ds cauernous If by the situatioÌ„ the matter doth not euacuat or if it be in such places that it cannot be so situated theÌ„ make an incisioÌ„ froÌ„ the orifice to the bottom with mete instrumeÌ„ts thereafter appease the dolor and flux of blood if it be in such parts that this incision bee not sanely done theÌ„ make an issue in the bottom put a seton as in wounds caneruous or a tent wit some fit medicin that muÌ„difieth as ye haue heard in tumors or this Rec. mellis lib. 2. viridis aeris 3 5 olei rosati lib. 1. aristolachiae longe alluminis cerusae an onc 1. fiat vnguentuÌ„ or wash with wine honey called mulsum If the humor bee sanguinolent and euill sauored wash the vlcer with Oxymell Allom water or honey aqua marina with a little egyptiac Albucrasis counselleth to dissolue egyptiac with Hydromell which mundifieth and corecteth the maligninie If the matter be subtill and waterie take barley agrimony centory worme wood and seeth in honey and vineger it being cleansed vse this in carnatiue and glutinatiue take the rootes of Iris Plantaine Agrimony sodden in water and honey Auicen councelleth the emplastrum catholicon centorium which is of a merueilous effect in this put also the emplastrum de minio diâ—calciteos or nigrum composed with galles honey pouder of Iris aloes mirre and sucâ—like Togat setteth a marueilous good medicine to congâ—tinat vlcers made thus Rec. decoctionis hordei lib. 1. mellis rosati onc 3. sacrocâ—llae dâ—ag 2. mirrâ—thuris an drag 1. vini odoriferi onc 3. bulliant ad consumptionem tertiae partis addendo aloes paruÌ„ straine this put it on in the vlcers bynd it vpward shift it once a day till the vlcer be whole The fift Chapter of the filthy rotten vlcer THese vlcers which are oppressed with abundance of matter thick tough and euill coulored are called by Guydo and others sordids and filthie if they augment rot and mortifie the fâ—esh vlcered voyding a matter euill sauoured and cadauerous they are called vlcers putrids If the malignitie and rottennes continue it is gangren and is called vlcer gangrenous of the which ye haue heard The Cause is abundance of grosse humors proceeding of an adustion and ebulition of blood for the which they become venemous and maligne as chaunceth after carbuncles tumors and woundes euill dressed The Cure of them consisteth in regiment as ye haue heard in the Chapter of carbuncle the vsing of the decoction of gaiac is good to dry vp the humors and eucuat them by sweating Auicen coÌ„mendeth much purging of the bodie to discharge the part of these euill Humors by medycines mundificatiues like as humiditie by drying medicines by ventouses scarcifications horsleaches epithems Topicall remedies are first to wash the place with hydromell and aqua marina apostolicon or egiptiac and put on the vlcer applying on it an emplaister de bolo with cloth wette in oxicrate If the matter gender in corruption wash it with oxicrate water of cenders or white soape with this emplaister made of salt fish flowre of aristolochia longa orobie sodden in wine and put on the sore If this be not sufficient take this medicament quod recipit dragaganti rubri dicti auripigment onc 1. calcis vinae alluminis corticis mali punici singulorum onc 6. thuris galâ—â—rum
as ye shall heare in the fistula of the fundament· If it end in the bone and it be filed it must bee discouered and handled as ye haue heard in his proper Chapter If it end in the tendons or membranes it is dolorous and the matter sanious and clammie if on the veine or arâ—er yee shall perceiue blood All these thinges considered if the callosity cannot be taken away by manuâ—l operatioÌ„ we apply medicameÌ„ts caustick as couÌ„sel our auntieÌ„ts like as trochisces de aphrodellis or pouder of mercurie auripigmentim or white sope or a tent couered with arsnic or with stroÌ„g water or steepe any of them with vineger and distill in the wound that is good where there are many cauities for that liquor goeth through all let it remaine two dayes putting about it refrigeratiues repercussiues some canterize theÌ„ with canter actuall Thereafter apply on it to appease the dolor and to cause the scale fall oyle of roses with whites of eggs as ye shal find in the poore mans guide til the gret heate bee past the scale fallen that the fistule voideth matter coÌ„mendable which is a signe that the caule is abolished The 3. point coÌ„sisteth in medicameÌ„ts mundifitiues incarnatiues as ye haue heard in vlcer cauernous The 4. point coÌ„sisteth in sarcotices or cicatrisaÌ„ts as ye haue heard before If the fistule be incurable as ye penetrating to a part principall or such other cause as ye haue heard as also if in curing of it there come a more daÌ„gerous accideÌ„t as in the fundameÌ„t hapneth voluntary eiectioÌ„ of the matter fecall or cuÌ„uulsion in such we shold not seke the perfit cure but vse palliatines as purgatioÌ„s of the humor pituitous melaÌ„cholick muÌ„dificatiues to muÌ„difie the euil flesh matter in the wouÌ„d therafter deficcatiues as diachilon iriaâ—uÌ„ desiccati uuÌ„ rubeuÌ„ diapalma And this is the cure generall of fistules as well by medicameÌ„ts as manuell operation so now we will shew the maner to cure those in the fundameÌ„t by manuall operation of the which some are apparent others not hauing no orifice exterior but either within the great pudding or musâ—â—e sphinter this we iudg by the matter that coÌ„meth forth also by the dolor or some precedent aposteme in these partes woundes euill cured hemerroilâ—des 〈◊〉 As for the Cure some vse canter actuall which is in oft dangerous in those parts some counsel to cutte it with a sharpe instrument which is dangerous for the fluxe of bloud and cutteth the fibres of the muscle sphinter which may relaxe the matter fecall at all times Heere I will set downe how by the ligator this may be cured which is more sure easie then any of the foresaid first the patient shall stande on his feete leaning forward either on a bedde or chaire opening his legges and continuing them so till the operation be done Of this situation ye shall aduise more amply with Paulus and Celsus in the meane time the Chirurgian shall put his midmost finger in the fundament to the highest part of the fistule rubbing it first with oyle or butter with the other hand he shall passe a sound in forme of a needle made of siluer lead or gold to the ende it plie the better threed it with a strong threede rubbe it with waxe or medicament causticke so it shall cutte the sooner put the needle in the orifice of the fistule thrusting it alwayes in till thou feele it on the ende of thy finger and if there bee some little membrane betwixt pearce it through with the point of the needle that beeing done thou must plye in a little and drawe it out that way by the fundament knit the threede with a running knot meanely hard and knit it euery day straighter and straighter till it bee consumed If the fistule be hidden that hath orifice interior and none â—â—terior it is more difficill yet we dilate it with the specuâ—uÌ„anâ— not hurting the sicke so wee perceiue the orifice interior and passe a sound pliable as before in the orifice with a threede turning it till it come to the bottome if it hasse not the force to pearce through wee make an issue on the ende of the sounde and knitte the threede as the other Further wee must consider that fistules which are high aboue or in the ring of the intestine are not to be cutte by reason the sicke shall alwayes auoyde his mattir This operation like as diuers rare operations are most cunningly done by my good friend Iames Hendersome a man very expert in the art of Chirurgerie in Scotland The tenth Chapter of Burnings BEcause of Burning and violent heate come vlcers dolorous and euill to heale therefore I will set downe the way to cure such vlcers Burning is a violence done by the ardor of the fire hotte water or some other hotte licour in diuers partes of our bodie and make many accidents The superficiall are subiect to inflamation the great ones to excoriation and exulceration those which are meane haue little blisters on the skinne in all which is dolor rednesse ardor such like with euident signes apparent to the sight The Cure is if the combustion be great first in the way of life tending to tenuitie next in vniuersall remedies according to the humors which raigne The topicall remedies are diuersified according to the diuersitie of the accidentes Arist in his first probleme counselleth to holde the place burnt to the fire and so one heate draweth forth another Also whites of egges with rose water stay the pustuls those which are superficiall accompanied with inflamation and dolor must be cured with thinges that refresh as whites of egges water vineger housleeke lettuce morrell plantaine henbane solanum roses or the waters hereof distilled and layd on the place with a cloth wette therein Allom and Ceruse dissolued in Camphire water is good these thinges appease the dolor and inflamation and heale the Burne also the blades of leekes or onions peeled with salt and put on healeth it maruailously or lettuce with salt The rootes of lillies fryed in oyle of roses or the leaues sodden will heale it also if there be blisters pearce them if there be vlceration vse remedies lenitiues deficcatiues as this oyle of nuttes onc 3. waxe onc di mixe them together and washe them in plantaine water and lay on it Also leeke leaues sodden in wine or the iuyce of them with vnguent rosat is good if the sore neede mundifiyng take turpentine washed in the decoction of barley a little syrrupe of drie roses with aloes and barley meale The sore beeing mundified cicatrice it with vnguent populeon diapompholigos album rasis emplastium de minio or diacalciteos dissolued in redde wine wette a cloth therein and lay on it The foresaid remedies must be softly applyed not touching it with the hand the oft touching doth iritate and cause fluxion therefore I haue set downe a secrete in the
see in the ende of Sommer and Autumne great maladies and dangerous sometimes the plague as writeth Cardanus for it entreth into our bodies by the mouth and nose when we respire of the which often are ingendred maladies very difficill CO. Whereof proceedeth the varietie of the qualities of the ayre LO Of three thinges like as of Regions or Countries of windes and of the scituation of the place where we are CO Howe proceedeth the varietie of the ayre by Countries LO There are some which are euill tempered and others well tempered according to the Climate where they are scituated like as vnder the pole Articke and Antarticke the farre distant sunne beames which maketh the temperature extreame colde for the which it is inhabitable yet there are some habitables like as Scythia and other such Countries vnder the equinoctiall Lyne the intemperature is so extreame hotte because of the right reflexion of the Sunne especially betweene the circle Articke Cancer like as in the Antarticke and Capricorne the aire is more temperate chiefly in the middest according to the approaching of the Sunne as wee see in the foure seasons of the yeere Cardanus sayth that those Countries which are mountainous are most temperate and that a man may liue an hundreth yeeres in such places Plinie sayth that men beastes and trees are farre stronger and more barbarous in hillie partes then in other partes and that for their great libertie Those which dwell in lowe partes and valleyes are more effeminate as sayth Titus Liuius CO. Seeing the ayre is so necessary for the curation of malladies is there no way to alter and accommodate it by arte to the sicknesse LO Yes verily and for this cause Hippocrates counselleth in malladies cronickes to chaunge the ayre and countrie and in maladies commitialles to chaunge the ayre countrie and nouriture Galen counselleth those who haue vlcers in the lightes to dwell at Rome because there the ayre is very drye in common sickenesses wee helpe the ayre somewhat by Arte like as in feuers which are hotte and drie wee chuse a house which is colde and humide diuers windowes for the euentilation thereof or windes made by Arte also by casting colde water through the house by spreading and strawing of flowers and braunches of trees which are colde and humide like as violettes roses wilde vine berrie trees and such like also beware to haue many people in the chamber as counselleth Cardanus But when the sicknesses are cold and humide as feuers putrified catarres hydropises tumors pituitous wee chuse houses which are hotte and drie Also to spread and strawe flowers hearbes braunches of trees which are hotte and drie as cammomile sage lauander marierome spinnage and such like Vnder the signification of the ayre in this place wee vnderstand all manner of windes little and great the which is most necessarie to be considered because they doe not onely alter and chaunge the body but also the spirite It goeth by the nose to the braine by the mouth to the heart by the pores of the skinne and mouing of the arters thorough all the bodie it furnisheth the aliment to our spirites for this cause the diuine Hippocrates noteth that the good and euill disposition of our spirites and humours dependeth of the constitution of the ayre and windes For wee see where there is great trouble varietie of windes the people are arrogant difficill to be gouerned and very cruell CO. Seeing that of the winde these accidentes fall let me knowe what is Winde LO Hippocrates saith it is no other thing but an vnstable motion of the ayre the which beeing stirred by some motion it purgeth CO. What nature is it of LO It is hotte and drie like as it is made of an exhalation hotte and drie CO. Howe many diuers sortes of windes are there LO There are foure principall to wit Eurus from the East hot and drie Zephyrus from the West colde and humide Auster froÌ„ the South hot humide putrifactiue it passeth by the sea Mediterrane Boreas froÌ„ the North cold drie resisting against putrifaction Arist attributeth two collaterall to each of these foure so in all maketh 12. some make two and thirtie like as the Marriners but the exact contemplation of these matters is not much requisite in a Chirurgian Bodin saith in his common wealths that the winds make great varietie in vs for in countries where the wind is violent great the people are turbulent in spirite and there where the woundes are not so violent the people are of a more quiet spirit CO. What meane you by scituation or place LO I meane as to be scituated towards the sea stanks dubbs mosses and such as you haue heard also those who haue no other aspect but eyther to the South which is humide and putrifactiue or to the West which is cold and humide Also to be dwelling in ground which is fat the aire is hot and humide and in ground that is full of Sand hot and drie and in Marsh grounde and Fennes cold and humide or in Stonie grounde which is colde and drie Titus Liuius sayth that the places change the nature of our bodies as those which dwell in Mountaines differ from those which dwell in lowe places also sayth he those places and Countries which are fertill the men are ordinarily Cowards giuen to lust the Countries and places barren the people are more hardie and ingenious quicke spirited Arist sayth those that dwell in cold Regions are proude cruell and barbarous in their manners verie strong in hot countries they are wise and more fearefull those which dwell in low Marsh Countries are dull sleepie the which proceedeth of the disposition of the aire The second Chapter of meate and drinke CO. Seeing the aliment is no lesse to be coÌ„sidered for the preseruatioÌ„ of the health than the aire it is necessarie to know what is aliment with the diuers sorts thereof LO Aliment is that which augmenteth and nourisheth our bodiâ—â— CO. How many kinds of alimentes are there LO There are diuers sorts like as flesh fishes hearbes fruites corne drinke naturall artificiall condimentes simple and compound CO. Are they all vsed after one intention LO No they are of diuers natures and must bee vsed in diuers manners according to the temperature of the bodie as writeth Cardanus CO. What sort of norriture ought we to vse most commonly LO That which nourisheth well ingendreth good iuice of the which Galen his wryting in his bookes of the facultie of Aliments and in the booke of Conseruation of health as also Hipocrates in diuers places CO. In the vsing of Alimentes how many things are there to bee obserued LO Nine to wit the goodnes the quantitie the qualitie the vse and custome the appetite the order the hower the age and time of the yeare CO. First then we must consider that he who woulde haue his bodie entertayned in good health must vse meates
at Fâ—runole called by the Grecian Dothene Fâ—runcle is a tumor sharp pointed with inflamation and dolor chiefly when it groweth to matter and is ingendered of a thicke 〈◊〉 or in the soft parts and groweth commonly to the bignesse of a doues egge and is for the most part in the skin The causes are externall or internall the internall is abundaÌ„ce of blood the externall is in the vice of the skin also the suppression of the purgations in womeÌ„ wearing vnaccustomed clothes also by suddaine taking a colde aire after a great heate or vehement heate immediatly after cold The cure first consisteth in generall remedies as purgations and bleeding next lay on it a little Diachilon with henns greace or Basilicon Galen counselleth to câ—â—we wheate in the mouth fasting and lay on it If it bee deepe and much inflamed oftentimes it degenerateth into Anthrax and Carbuncle and in that ease it must bee cured as yee shall heare in their proper Chapters The fourth Chapter of Anthrax or Carbuncle VVE must vnderstand that there is no difference betweene Anthrax and Carbuncle sauing that Anthrax is the Greeke worde Carbuncle the Latin worde and is so called because it burneth the place where it is like coales Carbuncle is properlye defiined to to bee a pâ—stule inflamed black burning the place where it is sore with many blisters about it as if it were burned with fire or water The cause is diuers according to the sundrye kindes thereof the cause of the simple Carbuncle is an Ebullition of blood thick and bot where it falleth in any place it burneth maketh vlcers with a scale on it accompanied with great inflamations and dolor The signs of the simple are those there appeare manye little blacke Pustules not eminent sometime pale and grow suddenle red with great inflamation about them the place is harder then it ought to be the sicke looseth appetite and coueteth sleepe accompanied with cold sweates and feuers The signes of the maling are vomiting continually want of appetitâ—e trembling sounding beating of the hart the face waxeth white and liuide The iugdmentes are if it happen neare the stomack or throate it hindereth the respiration as sayth Celsus That which rypeth and coÌ„meth to matter is good that which appeareth and goeth away with Feuer is mortall that which is first red neâ—t yellow is not euill as sayth Auicen that which is first pale and afterwardes blacke is euill all those which are in the emunctions of the noble partes are most dangerous The cure consisteth in vniuersall and particuler remedies the vniuersall are a good dyet of life which shal be called and humide like vnto the regiment in Phlegmon resisting alwayes to the malignitie of the humor his drinke shal be made with sirupt of LemmoÌ„s acetosis sâ—plicis capilli veneri granatorum bluglossi with water of the sayd things vse alwayes the tabletts of the margarite frigide conserues of Roses and buglosse bol armenie and terra sigillata and Iuorie in pouder the opiats which shall bee made of the same ingredientes are made of sirupe of Lemmons and Treacle vsing rhis epitheme on the noble partes Rec. aquae scabiosae rosarum nenupharis an 2. vnc aquae buglossi 1. vnc trechiscorum rasis camphorâ—â— an 1. vnc corallorum rubrorum 1. drag di triasandali boli armenici an vnc 1. croci aceti parâ—um fiat epithema Vse clisters and bleede much as counselleth Galen and that in the same side vsque adauimi defectum The perticular remedies are these first we make deepe scarifications and it with water and salt called aqua marina we laye horsleacheâ— on the scarifications vsing a cataplasme on the part of Crummes of white bread leaues of Plantine arnoglosse flower of Lentilles soddeu in vineger and honey Hipprcrates counselleth to applie canters actualls or some caustick medicament as oyle of vitrioll vnquenched lyme quoniam in extremis morbis extrema sunt adhibendaremedia and also ventouses medicines which haue vertue to draw the venim from the noble partes Paulus doth counsell to seperate the infected from the other partes and rase it from the roote afterwardes vse this cataplasme to prouoke the fall of the scale which also mitigateth the payne composed of Lyn-seede Mallowes Violets yolkes of Egges Butter and Barley meale For the sharpnes of the humor put about the parte affected vnguentum de bolo and on the pustulles the pastules of Andronius and Musa When the scale is fallen cleanse the vlcer with sirupe of Roses honey of Roses and Turpintine mundificatiue di apio this done cicatrice fill it vp as other vlcers Some counsell to take the consolida maior and bray it betweene two stones and lay on it The fifth Chapter of Gangren and 〈◊〉 VVHen the inflamation neither resolueth returneth inwardly nor suppureth nor becommeth hard it degendreth into Gangren which is a mortification not altogether of the part but tending by little little through the great violence of the inflamation for thereby the veines and arters are stopped that the naturall heate may not passe so the parte easily corrupteth and waxeth gangrenated The cause is great quantitie of bloud in the member which letteth the spirite to passe so bindeth and intercepteth it in such sorte that the arters cannot worke their transpiration and requisite exhalation so for want of naturall heate the members suffocates Also great application of cold medicamentes as repercussiues in phlegmon and erisipelas or some violent externall cause chiefely in the feete or handes as colde sometime crisis of feuer or maligne maladie strait ligatures contusions stroakes or biting of venemous beastes chiefely in the wayes and passages when the spirites doe passe The signes are if it came of inflamation wee perceiue the redde colour to decay dolor pulsation and feeling it waxeth pale soft and blacke and in pressing on it with thy fingers it falleth downe and riseth not If it come of colde we perceiue great beating paine great coldnesse without motion or feeling accompanied with trembling and shaking If it come of straite binding hurtes or biting wee knowe it by the markes and precedent signes and others according to the diuersitie of the cause The iudgementes are if it be not helped presently the force of it is so vehement that the parte dieth presently and the partes neere to it and so causeth death of all the bodie If the muscles and nerues be not hurt and the person young and of good constitution and well seene vnto in the beginning it is not difficil The cure after generall remedies as purgations and bleeding is diet in vsing cordialles deepe scarrification on the part and washing it with water and salt applying on the part cataplasmes made of flowre of beanes barley Orob and Lupines sodden in honey and vineger putting to it a little powder of
into the skin this way of ligature may be vsed in diuers partes of our bodie The blood being staunched we vse this following astringent pouder Rec. boli aimenici 3. ounces farine volatilis 2. ounces picis resine sanguinis draconis an one dram of this pouder you shall cast on the wound with drie flax thereafter an astringent or defensiue made of the foresaide pouders with whites of Egges and oyle of Roses lay it on flax in like manner that shall bee wett in oxycrate to couer the sore thereafter take a doubled cloth sufficient to couer the sore partes neare to it wet it likewise in oxycrate wherein cast the foresayd defensiue thy bandes wet likewise in oxycrate bind it well so that it be neither too straight nor too slack then situate the member in good sort and remoue it not in three daies chiefly in winter which is to be obserued according to the accidents which happen In changing these remedies beware to take away the sâ—are or knotts of the thread for auoyding whereof we rubbe the part with cerot of Galen to the end the defensiue cleaue not to it If there chance any veine or arter to open we shall dissolue a little vitrioll in vineger and lay on the veine on flax the breadth of a Groate this will stay it presently as I haue often proued If two or three open cause thy seruant to put his fingers on them and knit them as ye haue hearde afore The second dressing shall be done in the same maner or at least some astringment chiefly on the veines and arters and so continue till such time that there is no more feare of blood which will continue 8. or 10. dayes on the rest of the wound vse digestâ—â— made in this forme Take Turpintine well washed in Plantine water vnc 4. hony of Roses vnc 1. barley flower halfe an ounce twoo yolkes of Egges and incorporate all well together and lay it on the sore till it be perfectly suppured thereafter mundificatiue dâ—appio apostolorum such like with this emplaster composed of equall portions of Diapalma and red Desiccatiue for a certaine time next vse this Cicatrizant to the entier curatioÌ„ Take tutia praeparatae plumbi crudi antimonij crudi corticis granati balaâ—stiorum nucis muschatae boli armenici sanguinis draconis an drag 1. accipiantur omnia simuli cuÌ„ vnciis tribus vnguenti diapompholâ—gos fiat magdaleon bone consistentiae In the meane time if there be any excrescence of flesh we correct it with pouder of alume sauine or oker or pouder of Mercurie taken in a little quantity these or any of them may be applyed alone or mixed with some vnguent This operation is most learnedly set down by my good friend M. William Clowes one of her Maiesties Chirurgians in his obseruation with an sure methode to staye the flux of blood For a further declaration of the premisses I will recite a historie which I did see during the siege of Paris where through great hunger cold and other miseries hapened many grieuous sicknesses as gangrens and mortifications amongst the rest there was a Spanish souldior who had blacknes on the toes of his feete as if they had been burnt I cut off his toes scarified the rest and vsed such remedies that he healed Shortly after there hapened the like in the toes of the other foote which I would haue cut and cured as the first but he esteeming it a deformitie would not suffer mee so that the griefe by delay waxed so violent and furious that by the aduise of the best Chirurgians in Paris at that time I was constrayned to cut off the whole legge so helped him This historie haue I alledged to shewe the daunger of delay and that if any such thing happen wee should not deferre it but proceede as ye haue heard Thus we end the tumors which proceede of the sanguine humor and hereafter we will prosecute those which come of choller beginning first with Erisipelas The seauenth Chapter of tumors Bilions called by the Latins Flaua bilis and first of Erisipelas WE said that there were 2 sorts of hot tumors to wit Phlegmon whereof we haue spoken and Erisipelas whereof in this Chapter we will speake Erisipelas is a tumor which proceedeth of the humor chollerick with great inflamation dolors for the most part not eminent without pulsation and is of pale and red colour It is called in Greeke Erisipelas in Latin Iguis sacer in our tongue wild fire it differeth not greatly from Phlegmon as sayth Galen some esteeme them to differ because the one proceedeth of blood the other of choller they differ also in coulor the one is red the other oftentimes pale the phlegmon entreth deepe in the flesh and muscles and so remaineth in the skin Of this there are two sorts the first is the true Erisipelas which commeth of chollâ—r only but when it is mixed with the humors there commeth three kindes of it as ye haue heâ—d in phlegmon The cause of this tumor is abundance of the chollerick humor great heate of the sunne stroakes falles and vsing of hot medicaments which mooue the fluxion and drawe the humor to any part of the body The signes are these the tumor is liâ—â—e vehement heate dolor mordicant sieldome commeth to maturitie it appeareth often in the neck and face by reason of the tendernesse of the skin the coulor is not perfetered but mixed and so is somewhat pale If it bee vlcered it is better then if it strike in that which commeth out is good that which appeareth in the the face and in woundes is euill those which happen in the matrix are mortall those which appeare in the heade are verie daungerous and if good remedies bee not vsed the partie dyeth as sayth Aegineta As touching the curation there are twoo thinges to bee obserued euacuation generall and refrigeration with consolidation of the part the waye of life shal be colde and humide contrarie to the humor which is hot and drie as ye haue hearde in the generall Chapter abstayne from wine stronge drinke all sweete thinges from anger vehement exercise greate heate and such like The humor must bee euacuated by purgations clisters and bleeding and sometime scarified if it become liuide being first fomented with hot water and vse thinges on the sore which are colde and humide as Solanum Housleeke Lettice Succorie Vmbilicus Veneris Cucumbers take the iuyce or water of these or anye of them wet a cloth therein and laye it on the sore which is most expedient when it is in the face also colde water and oxycrate as counselleth Galen and Auicen for the same purpose cerot Galâ—n oft washed in plantine water is verye good If there be vehement dolour as oft chaunceth the rootes and leaues of Henbane being rosted vnder the ashes and mixed with a litle Populeon are very good likewise vnguentuÌ„
ounce of salt and sulphure seethe them in smithes water with a little vineger and foment the part with a spounge or cloth For the same purpose you may make cataplasmes of the flowre of beanes and lentilles and branne sodden in vineger putting thereto a little of annise seedes mirtles or iris the emplaister of melilotus also is good Rogerius counselleth to take the iuyce of walwoortes and sorrell and marathum take of euery of them a reasonable quantitie and seethe them with the vnguent de althea honey oyle and butter make a cataplasme thereof If this tumor commeth to ripenesse cure it as other apostumes if it waxe hard and schirrus cure it as yee shall heare in the Chapter of Schirre The tenth Chapter of the waterie and windie tumors which depend of Edema YEe haue heard in our generall Chapter of diuers kinds of tumors phlegmatickes which pertaine to Edema whereof wee will speake hereafter beginning with the windie tumors which are nothing but certaine windes or inflations ingendred by a spirite thicke vaporous not of subtill substance aerious sometimes these winds are inclosed vnder the skin within the membranes which maketh distention sometime dolor according the part where it is They are sometime in the ventricle in the Puddings and in the capacitie betweene the puddings the peritoÌ„ as in Tympanies soundeth like a drum it is somtime dispersed amoÌ„gst the muscles this is properly inflation differing from Edema for in pressing with the fingers the print doth not remaine but the other kind approch neare to the nature of Edema which is the flatuosities dispersed in the muscles of other parts musculous The cause of this tumor is too much vsing of colde flatuous meates which ingender the humor Phlegmatick and causeth these windes also the cause may bee in the ventricle and puddings also in the obstruction and stratghtnesse of the passages and imbecilitie of the naturall heate as sayth Galen The signs are tumor softnes more cleare than Edema by pressing the fingers there remaineth no marke as in Edema by knocking on it it soundeth like a bladder full of winde and so in these points it differeth from Edema The cure shall consist in two poyntes first in diet which shal be hot and drie eate litle and of light digestion let your bread be of good wheate well baked and salted vse things too corroborat the naturall heat discusse the thick cold vapors and attenuat also to corroborat the ventricle with aromaticall thinges and electuaries as Dia calaminto aromatico gariophillato dia galinga rose such like Eate good flesh as mutton and veale rather rosted than sodden let the drinke be Claret or white wine The secoÌ„d consisteth in euacuatioÌ„ of the humor which is in the part by topical remedies which haue vertue to clarifie the skin to the end the vapours may passe out and are called discutientes or carmenâ—atiues as annis-seedes Isope fennell parsly baccaelauri Iuniper paritorie rosemarie camomill and mellilot oyle of Irin and Bayes of these wee may make cataplasmes fomentations lessiues according to our owne Iudgment also limments of Camomill and Rue Lillies and a little Aquauitae or the emplasters called baccae lauri oxycroci de vigo mixed together make an emplaster and lay to the sore Also a new spong wet in lexiue also lanra succida wet in wine and oyle if these windes make dolor as commonly wee see in the chollick passion first appease the dolor then euacuate the matter which shal be done according to the part habitude of the person and discretion of the learned Chirurgian Vse also clisters carmenatiues if the flatuosities bee in the intestines applie three or foure ventouses on the bellie The eleuenth Chapter of the tumors Phlegmaticks called Atheoroma Steotema and Mellericeris THese tumors are called commonly ecressences phlegmaticks by reason they procede of the humor phlegmatick yet they differ from the other tumor by reasoÌ„ they are in a membrane like little bagges they are also of a diuers strange sorts of matter of the which they take their names as Atheorema is also called because in it is coÌ„tayned a matter like gruell called by the Greekes Athera The Steotâ—ma is so called because in it is contayned a humor like Greace called by the Greekes Stear Mellericeris is so called because in it is contayned a matter both in coulor and consistence like honey called by the Greekes Meli and is hardest of them three to heale As for the other tumors as brâ—nco â—eli ganlion testudo and the residue we shal speke hereafter in the particuler tumors these tumors happen most commonly in places membranous where there is scarsitie of flesh as on the ioynts hands diuers partes of the face The cause is pimitiue antecedeÌ„t and coniunct the primitiue or first motiue strokes falles violent forces immoderate eating and drinking The antecedeÌ„t cause is abundaÌ„ce of humors chiefly of the phlegmatick vnnaturall engendred by euill diet the cause coniunct is the diuers kind of substance contaened in the part The signes are that they appeare by little and little without eyther dolor or president inflamation neuertheles by reason of the diuersitie of the substaÌ„ce contayned in them they haue diuers signes the Ateorema is long in figure in pressing on it it goeth in slowly and returneth not suddeÌ„ly it is soft without dolor the coulor of the skin vnnaturall in the which is found sometime with the matter haire sometimes bones and such like The signes of the Steotâ—ma are hardnes and if it goe in in pressing on it it returneth not easily it is large in the which is contayned with the accustomed matter bones cotten and such like of the which I fonde great quantitie in the knee of a Nun whom I cured in Paris of a Steotema The signes of melliceris are great softnes in touching cleare in pressing on it it goeth in easily and returneth easily and is rounde in figure and contayneth besides the matter accustomed a grauelly hard matter In the cure there is a simple intention to wit euacuatioÌ„ of the matter which is in the place and is done either by a launcet or cauter potentiall not euacuating all the matter at one time Here we must consider that those tumors are soÌ„etimes inserted with veines arters nerues and tendons which require great dextetie in the operarion In taking awaye of the bagge wherein the matter is contayned to the end yee offende not the former partes for better it were to leaue the operation by reason that oftentimes there commeth greate flux of blood as I haue seene chieflye on the temples The tumor being opened yee shall vse such medicaments for the cleansing thereof as yee haue heard in other tumors The matter euacuated wee must consume the whole membrane wherein it is inclosed otherwise it will returne we consume it with pouder of
heard in others as dolor pricking tensioÌ„ rednes feuer The cure consisteth in vniuerâ—all perticuler remidies vniuersall as purgatioÌ„s bleeding chiefly of the veines saphens veÌ„tosing friction on the thighes with other coÌ„uenient remedies for the prouocatioÌ„ of the purgations as ye shall heare at length in the treatise of the diseases in womeÌ„ Vse good diet tending to humidity The perticular remedies differ not froÌ„ others sauing that we vse familiar weake repercussiues because it is nere to the noble parts in the beginning it shal be good to foment the pappe with hot water vineger oyle of roses or this take the flowers of camomill lyn-seede fenegreck of ech half a pound the iuyce of mallowes roses and plantine of each three ounces vineger two ounces wet a cloth therein and lay on the sore If it tend to maturation vse this the crum of white bread and beane meale of ech halfe an ounce flower of Fenegreck half an ounce Mallowes althea and lillie roots of ech a little seeth them in milk putting therto the yolke of an egge fresh butrer a little saffion when it is come to suppuration open it with canter or lancet vacuate the humor and cure it as other apostumes make a bandage to holde it vp and labour not with the arme on the sore side for that maketh attraction of milke to it The sixteene Chapter of the Tumor in the thorax câ—lled Pleurisie PLeurisie is an inflammation and tumor of the membranes which knitte couer the ribbes whereof there are two sortes false and true the false is outward in the muscles of the short ribbes the true is that which cometh in the membranes which knitte the ribbes The Cause is externe and interne the externe is great heate or colde also great vsage of strong wine or very cold water violent exercise or colde ayre after great heat the internall cause is great repletion of all the body foure humors but chiefly the bloud and choler which make the most subtill part of the bloud ascend from the veine caue to the veine azigos thereafter in the muscles veines membranes inteâ—â—stals The Signes as saith Galen are great dolor from the shoulders to the nethermost ribbe punction in the side continuall feuer difficultie of respiring coughing hard pulse great alteration with want of appetite The Iudgementes are these that which commeth on the right side is not so dangerous as on the left if the spittle be blacke liuide and viscous with continual cough and vehement dolor long continuing it is mortall If the vrine bee thicke blewe or blacke it is mortall if the cough bee very drie and cease not it is an â—uill signe If the spittle be white light equal with little cough and the patient sleepeth well good appetite and the vrine redde coloured it is a good signe The Cure consisteth in vniuersall and particular remedies vniuersall as clisters bleeding in both the armes chiefly in the side opposite to the sore keeping good dyet abstayning from all strong drinke women violent exercises perturbations of the minde the particular shall be cataplasmes and linimentâ—s of flowers of camomill melllot annise seede linâ— seede and fenâ—greâ— if the dolor bee great and doth continue Fuchius counselleth frequent applycation of ventouses with scarrification of the parte affected If by these remedies the paine doth not cease neither that ye perceiue any euacuation of the humor neither by the mouth vrine nor fundament it is to be suspected to turne into Empiem which is a collection of matter betweene the ribbes and the region of the lightes sometime with corruption hereof for the which we make incision either by canter or lancet but rather by the canter for neither doth it close so soone nor is so dolorous the opening shall be betweene the third and fourth of the true ribbes beginning at the nethermost and so counting vpwarde sixe inches from the ridge of the backe If yee see tumor eminent in any place of the thorax open it in the most conuenient place Hippocrates counselleth to decouer the third ribbe and bore it with a trepan to let out the humor when it is open put in a hollowe tente either of siluer or leade let not all the matter auoyde at one time but by little and little and cure it as other apostumes The seuenteenth Chapter of the Tumor in the nauell called in Greeke â—â—câ—mphalon or Eminentia vmbilici VVHen the Peritone is dilated or riuen the Nauell doth swell or tumifie in such sort that sometime it riueth the cause is often in the midwife that either knitteth too neare or too long by the neere knitting either it slippeth breaketh or causeth conuulsion other grieuous diseases by the too long knitting it giueth place to the intestine or â—mentum or some bloud or fleshe waterie or windie vapors doe occupie the eminent place The Signes are knowne by the diuersitie of the matter contayned therein as if the omentum it is softe and in cullour not different from the rest of the flesh if the intestine the tumor is softe and inequall and returneth into the capacitie with a noyse if humiditie or vapours the signes are as in waterie and windie tumors if bloud which happeneth through the infecting of some veine or arter the signes are as in aueâ—â—risma if excrescence of flesh the tumor is hard and obeyeth not easily The Iudgements are these when the dilation is great it healeth not easily and often riueth by some violence or coughing The Cure is first in good regiment tending to sobrietie abstayning from all statuous meates and such as ingender crudities little mouing and such like Particular remedies consist in emplaisters astringent or the emplaister set downe in the practise of Petrus de Angilla also fomentations astringent and bandages chiefely in the beginning If that helpe not reduce the puddinges and quafe and cause the sicke to hold in his breath till ye knit the production let it fall of it selfe and produce the cicatrice If it bee riuen by violence or great cough that the intestine commeth out as happened to a woman whom I cured in Paris yee shall inlarge the wounde with a conuenient instrument reduce the intestine and vse the sutor pellitor and cure it as other woundes If there bee winde and water in the place cure it as ye shall heare more at large set downe in the Chapter of Hernes The eighteene Chapter of the Tumor in the belly called Hydrâ—psie HIdropsie is a Tumor against nature ingendred of great quantitie of water winde or phlegme sometime dispersed through the whole bodie and is called vniuersall otherwhiles in some part thereof is called particular most commonly in the capacitie of the Peritone of the which there are three kindes to witte ascites timpanites and anasarca Ascites is a maladie that causeth the bellie and legges
come to at all times yet in so farre as may be it consisteth in good dyet abstayning from all thinges of euill digestion and which breede melancholie nexte the bodie shall bee gently purged then bleede if eyther they flowe moderately or be painefull also bleede in the veyne in the ham or foote If they be tumified applie a horsleach and some medicaments to make them open and ease the paine as cataplasmes fomentations halfe bathes or sassettes of henbane tapsus barbatus violettes redde roses mallowes lintseede all soddeu in milke and applyed on the parte Also the yolke of an egge oyle of roses rose water and creame applyed after the aforesaid manner are of great force Some for this purpose vse hogges doung hotte on the part for the appeasing of the payne as you shall heare further in the poore mans guide Or this take sorrell violettes henbane of euery one a little roast it vnder the aeshes and mixe it with a little hogges grease and lay it on the sore If they voyde much applie ventouses on the shoulders with astringent and corroboratiue emplaisters on the os sacrum and fundament made of sanguinis draconis masticke mallowes with the haire of an olde Hare cutte very small and a little pouder of roset mixe all together with the white of an egge and lay on the foresayde places If the payne be vehement and interne take a tente wette in the foresaide remedie and put in it or take this vnguent composed of rosat mâ—snes cerat Galen comitissae mingled all together in a morter of leade paulus counselleth when there are diuers to leaue one open for a certayne space for feare the humor take the course to some noble parte There are diuers other familiar remedies for this purpose which shall be set downe at large in the poore mans guid The one and twentith Chapter of the Tumor in the Intestine when it falleth called by the Latines Exitus longanouis or Ani precâ—dentia EXitus longanouis is the fourth comming or rather turning ouer of the great Intestine which happeneth through the laxation of the muscle Sphinter the which maketh it fall tumifie which is most common to young children The Cause is externall internall externall are falles and stroakes on os sacrum sitting on colde stones great compression of the fundament also apostumes which happen in these partes The internall cause is great humiditie which relaxeth the muscle fluxe of the bellie oft pressing to goe to the stoole as commonly happeneth to those who haue the Dissenteria The signes are apparant to the sight the Cure shall be in generall and particular remedies the generall shall bee first in good regiment of life abstayning from much drinke pottages hearbes fruites and all meates that ingender erudities also the vsage of purgations shall be expedient The particular remedies are to foment the place with smithes water and redde wine in these shall bee sodden redde roses myrtles centinodie shepheardes purse roch allom seethe all together and foment the place then annoynt it with oyle of bayes and myrtles and apply on it pouder of masticke mirhe and nuttes of cipres thereafter cause the sicke to drawe in his breath so it shall be easily reduced being put in wet a cloth in the former fomentation and lay on it and band it for a certaine space preasse not sore in going to stoole and keepe you warme If for all this it heale not haue recourse to the poore mans guide in the Chapter of diseases of young children in these partes The two and twentith Chapter of the tumor in the Coddes IN the Coddes are situated the stones which are ordayned by nature for the generation of man which are subiect to diuers tumors and inflamatioÌ„s so that sometime the stones doe swell to the greatnes of a goose egge accompanyed with dolor and hardnes so that the heart liuer braines feele the griefe The cause is eyther externall or internall the external are strokes falles application of remedies which offend the nature of these partes the internall cause is defluxion of humors which often happeneth in the lowe parts of our bodie retention of a maling Gonorhea also when the seede is any wise out of the domicill yet retayned in the capacitie as happeneth to yong men in the night so waking at the discharg of that humor they doe retaine it by force which afterwardes rottes and maketh defluxion on the stones as I haue sometime sene The signes are inflamation dolor hardnes ponderositie which may easily be perceiued great dolor of the muscle called Suâ—pensor which giueth voluntarie motion to the stones The iudgments if such tumors bee not swiftly cured the aposthume become harde and sometime Scirrous which may not be cured but by amputation as I haue seene in three diuers persons The cure is generall and speciall generall in good regiment of life abstayning from strong drinke eating little and of good digestion little trauelling bleeding the veine saphen vsing of clisters and prouoking vrine The topicall remedies differ not from other tumors sauing that neither apply remollients nor suppuratiues without great consideration but repercussiues in the beginning as oyle of Roses vineger whites of Egges and such thereafter this remedie that hath the vertue to repell and discusse the humor Rec. radicum altheae lini an vnc 2. foliorum violarum maluae parietarie plantaginis hyosciami aen manip 1. camomillae melioti rosarâ—m siccarum an P. 1. coquautur in oxymelite cum fariâ—is fabarum hordâ—i an vnc se If it turne to suppuration doe as in others if by long delay the stone bee altered the best remedie is amputation if vehemenr dolor as often happeneth apply on the sore cassiafistula or newe Cheese with a little vineger which are thinges most anodine in such griefes The three and twentith Chapter of hernes in generall which happen in the flanck and Codds AS in diuers partes of the bodie happen diners sicknesses so in these partes come 8. sortes of diseases coÌ„monly called ruptures or hernes and are deuided into fiue propers and three coÌ„mons the first of the propers is called Bubonocele or hernia in completa that is when it remayneth in the flanck the second is called â—nterocele or hernia intestinalis that is when the intestine falleth into the codds the third is called Epiploceli or herâ—ia Zirbalis when the caule fall in the codds The first of the coÌ„mons is called Hydrocelae or hernia aquosa which is a watery humor in the codds the second is called Physocele or herâ—ia ventosa which is a winde in the codds the third is called Sarcocele or hernia carnosa which is a scirrous or fleshie substance in the cod the fourth is called Cirsoceli or hernia varicosa which is when the veines that nourishe the stones are dilated and full of melancholicke bloode the fift is called hernia humâ—â—alis which is when any
bee done with thinges that haue little or no mordification according to the nature of the part as this take sirupe of Roses violets fumitarie wormewood honey of Roses vnguent de apio apostolorum â—uscum egiptiacum or this take Turpentine honey of Roses Iris of Florence barley flower Succi apij of ech a little and make an vnguent If there be great putrifaction the matter in great abundance vse this Rec. terebâ—nthine onc 4. vitellorum ouoâ—um onc 2. vnguenti â—giptiaci drâ—g 1. fiat mixio The wouÌ„d being mundified and voide of all superfluitie we vse for the regeneration of flesh vnguentuÌ„ aureum basilicon maius emplastrum de betoniâ—a diapalma tetra pharmacum gratia dei oleum mastichini et absinthij mixe there with a litle flower of barley lupines and orob with Thus Mirh Mastick and Aloes Sometime we vse in these sortes of woundes a certaine drinke called potion vulnerar wherewith wee wash the wound and is thus made Rec. consolidae maioris et mediae serpentariae linguae canis ceruinae herbae Roberti glycirizâ— pimpinellae artemisiae scabiosae plantaginis aristolochiae agrimoniae betonicae pedis columbini capilli veneris ceut anreae maioris et minoris gaiaci sâ—lsâ—parâ—lle millefolij baccharum lauri of which all or some make a decoction in water and aromatize it with cinamond honey or sugar drinke of it twise or thrise a day as it is needefull and also thou maist wash the wound putting thereto a little honey of roses or sirupe of roses The wound being filled with flesh it must be dried with medicaments epupoloticks which by their astriction and drying do harden the flesh and make a substance like to skin as vnguentum desiccatiuum rubeuÌ„ diapompholigos album rasis dia calcitâ—â—s triapharmacuÌ„ cerussâ— de minio mixing therewith galbanum acasia sarcocolla pluÌ„bum et es vstum vitriolum allumen calxlota and such like The fift intention is in correcting the accidents which are diuers and great for some come by accideÌ„t or some sharp feeling of the part hâ—rt as dolor inflamatioÌ„ conuulsion feuer and such like some come through violence of the buÌ„llet as extinction of the naturall heate of the part hemoragie dilaceration contusion of the nerues fractures of the bones some by the ignorance of the Chirurgian for the which cause he must be diligent to stop such accidents if they happen to help them with speede The sixt Chapter of woundâ—s in the veines and Arters HAuing spoken sufficiently of woundes in the fleshe in like manner you shall heare of them in the veines and arters one or moe without with losse of substaÌ„ce which are accompanyed with flux of blood which coÌ„meth wheÌ„ there orifice is open and is done by incision imbecilitie of the veines abundance of blood or some sharp qualitie when their tunicks are deuided contused and pearced or else wheÌ„ the blood goeth through the veins as the sweate through the skin the tunickes and membranes are deuyded by some externall cause as contusioÌ„ ryding shooting falles in diuers manners The signes are these if the flâ—xe be of the arter or veine of the arter the bloode commeth leaping out subtilly red and hot If it be more grosse black and thick and not leaping it proceedeth of the veines as sayth Auiâ—en The Iudgments are if the blood come out in great abundance it is dangerous chiefly when there is eyther conuulsion belching or rauing if it be not stayed it causeth death because it is the treasure of life As for the Cure there are two intentions the first to stay the blood the second to conglutinat the wounde the blood is stayed by filling vp the wound with drie lint and aboue it an astringent or cloth wet in vineger if that stay it not remoue the lint often wet it in vineger which staunceth it much for these thinges cold and mordicant stay flux of blood in the wounds or make this medicament of bolarmenie sanguinis draconis thuris aloes of each like quantitie mixe them with the white af an egge and the haires of an olde hare cut small thereafter binde it reasonable straight wetting the bands clothes all about it in oxycrate touch it not in foure dayes in touching remoue all very softly if it flick to humect it with oyle whites of eggs or wine Some to stay blood put these pouder in the whund wich I haue somtime vsed viz. maÌ„s blud dried with burnt cloth wherwith thou shalâ— fill the wouÌ„d full some apply veÌ„touses frictioÌ„s ligators on the parts opposite some hold their thumbe long on the mouth of the veine which is a good remedie for the blood coÌ„gealeth in the veine so stanceth If for al these remedies it stanceth not we apply on the veine or arter a little linâ— wet in vineger with a little pouder of vitriol otherwise wee knit them as was taught in the Chapter of Aneâ—â—risme if that cannot be done we canterize theÌ„ with hot IroÌ„s taking heede to touch the parts neâ—â—ous Shelander counselleth the gum lemnium soddeÌ„ Rennish wine which hath many vertues for it digesteth mundifieth incarnateth is good in wounds of the head as saith Matheolus If none of these staunch flux of blood it is dangerous if it be in the matrix intestins or bladder it shal be stayed by iniections of iuyce of plantine and such like the blood being stayed the wound is healed as others hauing regard to the part for as the veine is more drie than the flesh and more soft than the arter so it must haue contrarie remedies in like manner the wound in the arter is harder to be healed than that in the veine Sometime there coÌ„meth such flux of blood at the nose that it is hard to staunch for the which take an ounce of boll the barke of Pomegarnet tree balaust and galles of each 3. drammes seede of white Poppie 2. drammes incorporat altogether with the white of an egge and vineger and apply on the temples and nose if by this the violent flux doe not stay take foure graines of my requies which infallibly stayeth all fluxes The seauenth Chapter of wounds in the nerues and parts Neruous CVttes and thrustes in the nerues chaunce in diuers parts of our body and in diuers maners according to the instrument it is done with some are simple others composed superficiall profound according to the diuersitie of the which we must diuersifie the remedie The causes ye haue heard in the generall Chapter The signes are knowne by offending of the mouing feeling and by the vehemeÌ„t dolor which causeth fluxion feuer spasme rauing inflamatioÌ„ fluxioÌ„ on the nerues The iudgments are that all wouÌ„ds in parts neruous are daÌ„gerous for the great coÌ„munication they haue with the braines and the nerue halfe cut is more dangerous and dolorous than if it were all cut which if so be the action of
Land The eleuenth Chapter of woundes in the Thorax THe Thorax which is domicill to the heart and lights suffereth solution of continuitie in diuers manners whereof some are externe and doe not penetrate others penetrate to some of the partes contayned therein as the heart lightes mediastin and diaphragma some passe throughout of the which some are cureable some incureable and some mortall as yee haue heard in the Chapter Generall as also the Causes and Signes Those which penetrate at the backe are more dangerous then at the interior part because of the veines arters nerues and such like The Cure consisteth in good dyet in the sixe vnnaturall thinges purgation letting of bloud according to the temperature of the body time and Region Those which doe not penetrate differ nothing from the generall of other simple woundes sauing onely in binding which must be incarnatiue sometime narrowe otherwhiles broad according to the difference and scituation of the wounde Touching those which penetrate there is great diuersitie of opinion in the cure some are of the opinion to consolide the wound as soone as may bee to hinder the externe ayre to hurt the partes vitall others giue counsell to holde them open and in case the issue be not large enough to dilate it and make it larger that if there bee any bloud or other thing in the capacitie it may auoyde but which of these wayes ought to bee followed the iudgement of the expert Chirurgian is to bee required knowing first if it doth penetrate which shall bee done in closing his mouth and nose and then holding a candle to the wound if the ayre coÌ„meth forth it is sure that it penetrates if there be bloud in the capacitie you shall know by the ponderositie of the diaphragma accompanied with dolor feuer and vomiting if any chiefe part be offended ye shall know by the signes set downe in the Chapter Generall If neither bloud bee shedde nor any parte offended yee shall conglutinate the wound putting no tent therein vsing onely a little of my balme set downe in the Chapter of Gunshot in the meane time vse one potion vulnerar which doth penetrate If there be any little thing left in the wound nature will easily discharge it for as saith Galen it doth expell not onely that which offendeth through the pannicles but also through the middest of the bones Those which penetrate with effusion of bloud on the diaphragma are not mortall must be tented with a threed at the tent to the ende that if it goe in it may bee drawne out agayne cause the sicke lie on the sore side chiefly when you dresâ—e him that the bloud and mattir may issue at the wound vsing alwaies iniections of barley pimpernell pilosell buglosse scrofularie cheruill all sodden in water putting thereto a little honney or syrrâ—pe of roses with a little white wine for a certaine time Sometime the bloud cannot euacuate by the wound it being higher then the diaphragme which causeth difficultie of respiring for the which make an issue as ye haue heard in Empiema to euacuate the humor contayned if the putâ—efaction be great mixe with the foresaid iniection a little egiptiac the wound being mundified with this or such like thou shalt vse this iniectâ—oÌ„ which is somewhat desiccatiue Rec. rosâ—rum balaustiorum myrtilorum an onc 1. mirabolani citrini an onc 2. mellis rosati parum coquantur in aqua plantaginis ad consumptionem tertiae partis with this thou shalt washe the wounde twise a day If the body be of an euill temperature or that the nether part of the lightes be hurt it stayeth not quickely but will voyde much then we must vse a tent of lead or siluer that is hollow within that the matter may enacuate we vse also this decoction to drinke in the morning fasting foure howers after Take scabions buglâ—sse borage pimpernell aristoâ—â—lochia agrimonie betonie pilosell an M. se vnarum mundatarum seminis hipericonis et cardui benedicti an onc 1. florum trium cordialium an P. 1. coquantur in aqua adde in sine vâ—ni albi parum sirupi rosati et cinamomi an onâ— 2. vsing on the wound the emplaster Diacalciteos malaxed in wine If notwithstanding these remedies it remaineth long in healing it doth degenâ—er infistull for the curation of the which haue recourse to the Treatise of vlceâ—s Chapter of Fistula The twelfth Chapter of wnundes in the Bellie THe inferior venter wherein the Lyuer with the Kydneis milt are inclosed is often wounded in diuers manners some penetrates and some not offending the parts contayned as the stomack liuerr milt kidneis guttâ— veines arters the epiplon and vâ—iâ—ers or some other part the causes signes and Iudgments whereof ye haue heard in the generall Chapter The Cure is those that do not penetrate are cured like other simple woundes those which penetrate into the capacitie require an other manner of cure Woundes in the side in the oblique muscles are not so dangerous as those in the transuersall because that the peritone is vneasie to sow specially in musculo recto which descendeth from the brest to os pubis Also little woundes in those places are more difficill than those that are more ample in them if the gutts come not they tumifie and so are vneasie to put in againe for the which vse such remedies as ye haue heard in Axâ—mphalon vsing the future Gastoraphick if the gutts be pearced they must be sowed with future pellitor and cast on the wound the pouder of aloes mirre mastick and boll and reduce it softly in the owne place vsing an emplaster retentiue and agglutinatiue If the lâ—iâ—â—ium be cut it is impossible or most dificill to heale by reason of the great veines coÌ„tained therin if any of the guts hath changed coulor there is no hope If the caule of the venter be altered it must be knit and reduced as ye haue heard in the generall Chapter In all woundes in the bellie vse Clisters and innections astringents detersiues chiefly if the great intestine matrix or bladder be hurt And so we end this Treatise of woundes and shall follow out that of vlcers after the same manner THE SEAVENTH TREATISE of vlcers which contayneth Ten Chapters By Peter Low Arellien Chapter 1 Of vlcers in generell Chapter 2 Of vlcers sâ—nious and their curation Chapter 3 Of the vlcer Virulent Chapter 4 Of the vlcer profound and Cauernous Chapter 5 Of the vlce Sordide and Putride Chapter 6 Of vlcers difficill to Cure Chapter 7 Of vlcers with corruption of the Bones Chapter 8 Of vlcers Cancrous Chapter 9 Of Fistula Chapter 10 Of Burninges The first Chapter of vlcers in generall CO Seeing wee haue amply spoken of tumors and wounds of their definitâ—n cause signes and cure so in like manner we will proceede in vlcers seeing many tumors and woundes doe suppure and degender in vlcers so it is needefull after the Treatise hereof to speake of vlcers
man haue an vlcer whether it be come to him before his sickenesse or in the sickenesse and the sicke die that vlcer shall bee before hee die drie blewe or pale The same Hippocrates saith also that those who haue vlcers accompanied with tumor doe neither fall in conuulsion rauing nor phrensie but if the tumor goe away without manifest cause if the vlcer be in the backe the sicke falleth in spasme if before in the bodie in rauing and phrensie if in the thorax before he falleth in empâ—â—m and pleurisie all vlcers accompanied with varices or inteÌ„perie and those also that haue the sides hard are difficill to heale all vlcers in the extremities of the muscles of the legges and armes are difficill and dangerous as also those which penetrate in the bodie such vlcers as chaunce in the extremities of the bodie as in the feete or handes make oft phlegmons or other tumors against nature and in crisis of a maladie are difficill CO. Which are those which are of easie curation LO Those which happen in bodies of good complexion in the which none of the foresaid accidentes doe happen CO. Which are the chiefe causes that hinder the healing of vlcers LO According to Galen the chiefe cause is want of good bloud to ingender flesh or else that it is euill either by quantitie or qualitie of it selfe also dolor intemperie apostume contusion erisipelas echymois superfluous flesh hardnesse callositie of the sides corruption of the boane varices hemoragie of bloud also roundnesse in figure for the which Hippocrates counselleth if the vlcer bee round to put on it an other forme Imbecillitie of the part vlcered indisposition of the lyuer or milte retention of the monethly course in women and of the hemerroihdes and also the applying of medicines vnmeete for such vlcers Many ignorant barbors faile herein thinking one kinde of emplaister to bee good for all sores in the which they are deceiued for hee that would cure vlcers must first take away the cause as also the impedimentes and accidentes otherwise he trauaileth in vaine as saith Paulus for the perfourmance whereof we must ordayne first good dyet secondly take away the cause antecedent to witte the humor which falleth which shall be done by purging bleeding according to the cause on the parte thirdly correct and heale the accidents and indispositions which accompanie the vlcer these thinges done hee may come to the curation hereof as shall be particularly set downe of euery kinde of vlcer in his proper place The second Chapter of Vlcers sanions and the Curation thereof AS in the former Chapter I haue spoken of Vlcers in generall of their difference cause signes and iudgements cure so now I will particularly intreat of them All Vlcers are either simple or composed with some other maladie the simple Vlcer requireth onely desiccation those which are composed and ioyned with some other accident except those accidentes be taken away cannot heale for the cure of the which there are foure Intentions first in the way of life which shall bee according to the strength of the sicke nature of the maladie aboundance of the humors in the bodie as if the humors be hotte and sharpe we ordaine colde thinges The second Intention is in diuerting and intercepting the matter antecedent which is done by purgations and bleeding if the strength permit also by frictions ligators application of emplaisters that haue the force to repell the matter The third Intention is in correcting the accidents ioyned with the vlcer as dolor tumor contusion excrescence of the flesh callositie of the lippes rottennesse of the boane varice and wormes First then wee must labor to take away the intemperie which shall be knowne by the colour of the member by the touching and feeling of the patient which sometime is hotte sometime colde which if it be drie wee remedie it by purgation and bleeding also if neede be foment the place with hotte water till it growe redde as counselleth Galen thereafter vse this vnguent made of mallowes sodden in water with a little hogges grease and honney mixed with nutritum ceratum galeni rosatum populeon incorporate with plantaine water morrell and housleeke If the Intemperie be humide vse vnguents that drie as pompholigos de plumbo cerusa allom water vnguent basilicon citrinum fuscum de althea or this fomentation of claret wine in the which hath beene sodden roses betonie wormewood roch allom If the Intemperie bee cold we foment the part onely with wine wherein wormewood hath beene sodden hyssope calamint rosemary vnguent basilicon de althea If the Intemperie be hotte we remedie it by water of plantaine solanum housleeke or vnguentum rubrificum cum camphora or cerat galen if there be dolor with vlcer which commeth of intemperie erosion of a subtill humor or solution of continuitie or plenitude of grosse humors or a flatuous spirite for the which take vnguent populeon oyle of yolkes of egges vnguentum album camphoratum with other such as are in tumors if the dolor be vehement we make a cataplasme narcotick of barly flowre oyle of roses henbane mandrager poppie all sodden in milk If the dolor be accompanied with tumor first looke to the cause of it thereafter ordayne the dyet straight and cold bleeding purging according to the nature of the humor with such particular remidies as ye haue heard in tumors The excrescence of the fleshe shal be taken away with caâ—ters rasors sheeres pouder of mercurâ—â— burnt allom â—â—â—stum squama aeris vnguentum aegiptiacum apostulorum vitrioli romani The hardnes is cured by Remollientes and Resoluentes as goose henns ducke and calues greace oyle of Lillies lumbricorum vulpinum muscilaginis of althea and fenigreci basilicon diachilon magnum de muscilaginibus thereafter scarifie as couÌ„selleth Auicen then put pouder of mercurie or cut it with a Rasor to the soft part If the vlcer become blacke and Red scarifie it and lette it bleede well and applye thinges drying If it bee accompanyed with Varice it must bee taken awaye as yee haue heard in the Chapter of Varix If there be rottensse in the bone yee shall haue recouse to the proper Chapter If there be wormes in the vlcer wee must consume the rottennes and humiditie they are ingendered of and kill them also take the decoction of Wormewood Agrimonie Centorie Calamint which is to wash the vlcers also in the eares fasting spittle is good for vlcers in the eares and make the Cicatrize well fauoured with the foresayde dococtioÌ„ wash the vlcers as also with Oyle of Wormwood the pouder Aloes mixed with the Oyle of Absynthe and a little waxe is verye good Millefolum taken the weight of one dramme in white Wine sleaeth the wormes in bellie also The fourth intention consisteth in healing of the places vlcered which shall bee doone in taking away the impediments as ye haue heard thereafter ciâ—atrize the vlcer with such
6 ounces steepe them in 15 pintes of water in an earthen pot the space of 5. or 6. dayes stirring it euery day as yee haue heard then power out the water and leaue the grounds keepe it in glasses or seeth it till it grow to salt as ye haue heard if it grow thick put thereto halfe an ounce of opiâ—â— dissolued in aquauitae which both appeseth the dolor and maketh the scarre soft An other excellent way is Rec. axungiae vitri li. se salis gemmae onc 6. sublimati onc se cineris sarmentoruÌ„ et truncorum fabarum an li. se aquae li. 10. infundantur et fiat capi tellum in fine coctionis â—dde drag 2. opij Otherwise thus take ashes of oake and vine graneley stalkes of beanes an like quantitye steepe them in water and make your Capitell putting thereto a little quick-lyme this Canter is commonly vsed by Seuerinus Pineo Hierome de la Now Doctors in Chirurgerie Cantion in applying of Canter THe Canters are appyed in diuers places taking heede to the complexion of the person and nature of the part by reason it worketh sooner in one part than an other in bodies Cacochymick purge and bleede afore ye apply them beware of neruous and membranous partes ends of the muscles veines and arters Certaine places where Canters are applyed for sundry diseases THey are applied for the most part in all the partes of the heade for diuers diseases as on the fore-head at the ioyning of the suture sagittall with the coronall penetrating to the boane is good for Fluxion on the eyes the Migrim and other dolors of the head the Epilepsie difficultie of breath Opthalmie rednesse of the face paine of the teeth eares and â—quinancie We applie them behinde and aboue the eares taking heed of the muscle cratophite for the more assuraunce of the which cause the sicke must close and open his mouth that we may perceiue where the saide muscle endeth by the motion thereof Wee applie in the necke and arme for Catarrhes and distillations of the head to drawe it away and stoppe it from falling on the thorax or some chiefe Parte and are put on the inside of the arme about the middest neere the veines and arters but not touching veine arter nor nerue for assurance of the which holde your finger on the parte cause the sicke to moue his arme so yee may easily perceiue if there bee any thing vnder it Wee apply them on the legges within 3. inches to the knee either on the inner or outside as the disease requireth and is good for the Sciaticke and vlcers in the legges feete They are also applyed in diuers other partes of the body to giue issue to the matter contayned and where there is vehement dolor or humor or maligne vapor and in the emunctoires to giue issue to the humor which shall be done afore the ripenesse thereof The way to applie Canters FIrst marke the place with thy finger or a spot of incke next make a little emplaister hauing a little hole in the middest either broad or long as ye shall thinke good put on the emplaister in such sort that the marke of the incke appeare through the hole and then applie your canter according to the quantitie ye would haue the issue of and put an other emplaister aboue and binde it letting it remaine till it worke the effect you require if the first hath not gone deepe enough apply another on the same after the foresaid manner which being done take away the emplaister and lay on the place to separate the burnt from the whole a little oyle of roses turpentine butter and a little iris of Florence or otherwise a little butter alone or basilicon Some after the first emplaister is taken off cutte away that which is burnt with a Bistorie others cutte it crosse wise therafter put to the medicament and it falleth easily of it selfe being fallen the issue must be holden open till such time the sicknesse be whole for the which it was made Some to holde it open put a great peaze or balle of golde or siluer of the same greatnesse I vse certaine balles which last sixe monethes and are made thus Take waxe onc 3. verde greece orpiment and hermodactes an onc 2. sublimat and pouder of cantharides an onc se with a litle resâ—n In stead of the emplaister I vse a certaine cloth made with certaine stuffe which lasteth fiue or sixe monethes likewise wiping it and vsing sometime one side sometimes another and is made thus Rec. emplâ—stri triaformacili se cerae albae onc 2 camphorae onc 2. litargiri auri puluerizati onc 2. spici nardi onc 1. olei oliuaâ—um onc 1. se misce omnia simul thereafter dippe a cloth therein and cutte it in peices to serue as yee haue heard it is good for colde humors vlcered Sometime wee are constrained to continue these thinges longer and euery yeere we place them sometime higher lower and sidewise that the mattir may auoide the better Sometime they waxe hard and callous which is consumed by such remedies as ye haue heard set downe in callous Vlcers the excrescence of fleshe which sometime groweth is taken away by such remedies as ye haue heard in Vlcers The sixte Chapter of Bathes and their Effectes BAthing as by the learned Hierodotus is at large declared is a washing and steeping of the whole body for the better preseruation and conseruation of mans health and recouerie of that which is lost which was had in great vse and custome amongest the Auncientes as among the Greekes also among the Arabes and Latines and is also very much vsed and practised in all Nations in these our dayes whereof there are two sortes one naturall and an other artificiall The naturall are saide to bee such as come and proceede naturally out of the ground and are alwayes warme and hotte of themselues but yet are reported to be of diuers sorts qualities and vertues according to the diuersitie of the places from whence the water commeth and proceedeth as if it come from Salt Allom Sulphur Brasse Copper Golde Iron and such like The Salt is good for piâ—uitous colde and humide Maladies Hydropsie dolors paynes and aches of the belly stomacke matrix and kidneis also it is good for all Catarrhes Epilepsie dolors of the bladder head stomacke and eares whites of women and scabbes generally through all the body as is at large discoursed and sâ—t downe by Galen The Alluminous are drying and heating and is good for all colde and humide diseases and sickenesses vomiting of bloud staying the hemerrhoides the monethly course of women aborting with childe varices on the legges hydropsie maligne vlcers â—otten waterie â—umors for all sortes of vomiting The Sulphurous are drying in the 4. degree heale the partes neruous which are cold humide soften the hard parts appease dolor comfort the stomacke milte they are
roses and mirtlâ—es a little myrhe and aristolochia washing often the sore with oximell If neede require to vse more strong remedies take egipciac and mixe therewith a little arsenic or orpiment and put in the scarrifications which remedies must bee vsed with good iudgement noting where the gangren ceaseth The furie of the maladie being past cause the scarre to fall with honey butter and yolkes of egges If none of these preuaile but that the gangren becometh in sphasell we must vse the like cure as in sphasell for the safetie of the rest of the bodie The sixt Chapter of Sphasell VVEE must heere consider the differences betweene Gangren Sphasell for Gangren is the Latin word and is a mortification of all the partes where it hapneth sauing the bones and is cureable but Sphasell or â—â—deration is a mortification both of soft and solide partes and is no wayes remedied but by amputation it is called the fire of S. Anthonie or S. Martiall The cause is as you haue heard in Gangren ioyned with an euill disposition of the bodie and an humor venemous which commonly corrupteth the bone afore it make any externall showe sometime it proceedeth of olde vlcers that haue bene long orpressed with rotten matter and so corrupteth the bone causeth mortification also biting of vipers mad dogges The signes are these the member waxeth blacke as it were burnt afterwardes rotten which in shorte time ouercommeth the whole bodie the skinne doth come froÌ„ the fleshe The Iudgementes are that it is for the most part incureable and the patient dieth in a colde sweat The cure in so much as may be consisteth onely in amputation of the member which shall bee done in this manner for the friendes must first be aduertised of the danger because often death ensueth as you haue heard either for apprehension weakensse or fluxe of bloud For this cause the learned Celsus calleth it a miserable remedie yet we vse it by reason in so doing there is some hope and in not vsing of it there is none but sodaine death for better it is to loose one member then the whole bodie After this wee must apply on the place of amputation for there is diuersitie of opinions Hippocrates and some others counsell to cutte in the ioynte for it is more easie to be done and also the marrow is not discouered as in other partes and the fluxe of bloud is not so great Others thinke it best to cut foure inches from the ioynt either aboue or vnder according to the putrifaction which is both more easie and sure then in the ioynt For these and sundry other circumstances I aduise to cut foure inches from the ioynt in all amputacions sauing onely if the mortification or riuing of the bone end in the ioynt theÌ„ it may be cut in the ioynt chiefly in the knees but wheresoeuer you make your amputacion remember to cut rather a little of the whole then to leaue any of the infected for if any remaine it infecteth the rest and so requireth newe amputacion The place of amputacion noted we situate the sicke after a fitte maÌ„ner hauing respect both to the nature and qualitie of the parte and to our owne commoditie then you shall haue two men to holde the patient next the Chirurgian shall commaund the sicke to bend and put out the member to the ende the skin veines arters may be the more lengthened that after the amputacion they be more apparent so be knitte or canterized That being done the Chirurgian shall pull vp the skin muscles as much as he can afterwardes he shall take a strong ribband and bind the member fast aboue the place two inches where the amputacion shall be The vse of this ribband is diuers first it holdeth the member hard that the instrumeÌ„t may cutte more surely secondly that the feeling of the whole part is stupified rendred insensible thirdly the fluxe of bloud is stayed by it fourthly it holdeth vp the skin and muscles which couer the bone after it is loosed and so maketh it more easie to heale The bandage thus made we cut the fleshe with a rasor or knife that is somewhat crooked like a hooke the flesh being cut to the bone it must be scraped with the backe of the saide knife made purposely for that effect to the ende the periost that couereth the bone be not painefull in cutting the bone otherwise it teareth with the sawe and causeth great dolor and also letteth the cutting This done sawe the bone being cut we loose the ligature and draw downe the skin to couer the bone in all parts If there be great putrifactioÌ„ let it bleede a little for that dischargeth the part so is lesse subiect to inflamation then we put the extremities of the fingers on the orifices of the great veines and arters to stay them from bleeding till we either knit or canterize them one after another as shall be thought expedient Where there is putrifaction we stay the fluxe of bloud by canters actuall where there is no putrifaction nor malignitie of humor we vse the ligature The canter or actuall fire maketh a scale stayeth the bleeding draweth to it consumeth the malignitie virulencie of the humor which is in the part so in that point is better then knitting by reason that in knitting we loose much bloud and by drawing the veines bâ—â—ick decourbing or other instrument they doe breake also being knit doe often vnloose so I find the fire more expedient being done in this maâ—ner We must haue three or foure little instrumentes of iron crooked at the ende the point in forme of a button made red hot which wee take and apply on the veines one after another holding them a certaine space till the scale be made yet not burning much of the veine In amputacion without putrifaction I find the ligature more expedient being done thus first thou shalt holde thy fingers on the veines and in the other let one loose and take hold of it with thy beck de corbing or other meet instrument taking a little flesh with it then put through a needle with a stroÌ„g threed knit with a double knot tying a little of the flesh with the veine which will make it hold the better but if this slip as oft it happeneth yee shall doe in this manner first in putting through the needle begin in the vtter skinâ— an ynch aboue the wound by the side of the veine cause it come out a crosse in the wounde by the side of the veine yet lower down than the orifice thereof then put through your needle in the other side of the veine through the wounde cause it come out of the wound on the skin an inch broade from the place it went in then knit it hard putting a little peece of cloth doubled betwixt the two threads to the end the knot enter not
album cum camphora also the cataplasme of Barley flower Lyn-seede sodden in Hydromell or oxycrate putting to it a little pouder of Camomill and oyle of Roses remember that all these remedies must bee liquide often remoued and the place well cleansed that no thing remaine on it If it come to a bile or vlcer cure it as Herpes The eight Chapter of Herpes HErpes is a little vlcer accompanied with tumor which proceedeth of the pure bilious humor without mixture of any other humors It occupieth most commonly the extremities and outward partes of the skinne and is comprehended vnder erisipelas like as formica and impetigo which are called commonly chollericke pustulles There are three kindes of it the first is made of the thinne cholar which burneth onely the skinne and is called simply Herpes the second is made of a more thicke choler which vlcereth a great part of the skinne and is called Herpes depascens by reason that it eateth and consumeth the skinne the third kinde is made of choller and pituite together accompanied with some malignitie as commonly happeneth to those who are infected with the neapolitane disease and is called by our auncientes Herpes miliaris because the pustull is little like the graine called milium The pustulles haue diuers denominations some call them papula or eruptions pituiteous others call them ecthimâ—ta others call them apenthemata The cause signes differ not from those which ye haue heard in the precedent Chapter As for the cure it consisteth in three partes first in staying the fluxion by euacuation vniuersall and prouocation of vrine and good dyet as ye haue heard in erisipelas secondly in euacuating that which is in the place by such thinges as haue the vertue to discusse digerre and drie lightly and not humect as in erisâ—pelas Then in the beginning we shall vse vine leaues plantaine gooseberrie leaues arnoglosse putting thereto a litle barley flowre with some honie Furthermore the barke of the pomegarnet dissolued in wine with a little fine flowre made in forme of a cataplasme is good The third intention is in drying vp of the vlcer by reason that all vlcers whatsoeuer require deâ—â—cation by gentle medicaments excepting alwayes the maligne vlcers and in them we vse more shrong and mordicant remedies first we shall vse fomentations of roses and plantaine sodden in wine or water and an vnguent made of oyle of walnuttes and waxe thereafter washed in smithes water also the vnguent cerusse or this vnguent thus made Rec. vnguent populeonis cerat refrigentis Galeni cerussae an dram one dim litargyri 3. ounces olei rosacei 1. ounce malaxentur omnia simul et fiat vnguentum The other pustulles like as formica and impetigo be cured commonly by generall euacuations other defedations of the skinne which proceede of the humor melancholicke or chollericke are cured by vniuersall euacuations by sweating and bathing and by applying some vnguent on the part affected as vnguent enulat putting thereto sometime a little mercurie This vnguent is most excellent for this purpose as also for the itch which happeneth to young children Take elle campagne rootes and seethe them in the iuice of plantaine fumitorie yolkes of egges hogges grease or fresh butter being all mingled together put thereto a little brimstone well puluerized with oyle of hypericon so make an vnguent of good consistance The ninth Chapter of tumors which proceede of the pituite and first of Edema HAuing amply spoken of the two hot tumors as also of those which doc commonly come of them nowe in like manner we shall shew of the two colde humors the one ingendred of melancholie the other of phlegme or pituite Edema is a soft tumor without dolor white coloured Of it there are two sortes like as of phlegmon the one is the true naturall Edema ingendred of the pure phlegmaticke humor the other is bredde of the phlegme mixed with the other three humors taketh diuers names according to the principall humor as ye haue heard And like as there are two sortes of it so it may bee named two wayes to witte either maladie or symptome of maladie as happeneth in the feete of those which are hydropicke and haue bene long sicke which are accidents of these maladies and require no particular curation sauing onely rubbing of the part with oyle salt or water and salt or oxycrat in wetting a cloth therein laying on it The cause is a phlegmaticke vaporious fluxion of humors pituitous and flatuous in any part of the body as also imbecillitie of the part which can neither digest nor expell that which is contrarie also great idlenesse The tokens are these the tumor is soft colde in pressing on it with the fingers there remaineth a hole and riseth not againe it is cleare and not dolorous and happeneth oftenest in the weakest parts as in the ioynts and glandulles and in the extremities as in the face and feete in colde weather and in olde folkes or after maladies in people that are full of humors and make no exercise This tumor turneth seldome to matter except in hot places by reason the matter is cold it endeth often by resolution sometime it turneth to schirre or nodosities or some other kinde of cold abscesse and that by the great vsage of digestiues which make the matter waxe hard In the cure there are two pointes to be obserued first to diuert the fluxion by remedies that haue the vertue to cleanse the pituite humor as Diaphenicon Catholicon Diacartami agaric such like for the administration of the which you shall vse the counsell of rhe learned Physition also in dyet in the sixe vnnaturall thinges tending to heate and drought eate rosted meates rather then sodden but in little quantitie abstayne from all thinges that breede phlegme as fruites potages cheese fish hearbes water sadnesse and much sleepe drinke wine with little water and vse bread that is well baked vse things to corroborate the principall partes Abstaine from women espeacially if the sicke be weake yet wee finde the vsage of women to be good in maladies pituitous for that heateth and drieth vse sildome bleeding in this disease The second intention consisteth in taking away that which is in the place which is in the place which shall bee done according to the times and degrees of the tumor first we shall vse medicines repercussiues and discutients which shal be meane and not strong Galen doth much commend oxicrate in this case by reason the vineger repelleth by the colde vertue and resolueth by the drie vertue if it he not sufficient mixe with a fewe ashes of the oake tree sal nitre or quicke lyme also the emplaister di vigo or a fomentation of camomille melilot rosemary sage wormewood Origan hyssope redde roses of each one handfull one ounce and halfe an
the nerue which is deepe and hollowe If the dolor bee vehement with heate vse oyle of roses mirtles and cidoniorum with a little vineger mixe all together and drop a little in the eare cattes water distilled is good as saith Quersitanus If it tend to suppuration handle it as other apostumes The fifth Chapter of the Tumor that commeth behinde the eares called Parotides NAture hath placed by the rootes of the eares certaine little glands to the ende they may receiue the vennemous matter deposed by the braines Parotides is an inâ—â—amation or apostume of the glands behind the eares The cause is the humor which easily descendeth from the head partly because nature hath ordeined them for receptacles as ye haue heard and by reason they are soft colde and the passages large that bring the humor Sometime the cause commeth of the whole bodie like as in crise of feuer it may come of any one of the foure humors or all mixed together which may easily be knowne by the accidents The signes are tumor dolor vehement feuer pulsation with such other as yee haue heard in tumors The Iudgementes are that those by crisis without signe of maturation are euill and if it goe to the internall partes it is for the most part mortall as saith Auicen The Cure generall is to vse clisters bleeding in the veine Cephalicke vsing good dyet eating thinges of light digestion not vaporous abstayning from strong drinke the particular remedies differ not from the cure of other apostumes except that we vse no repercussiues but onely maturatiues attractiues and anodiues and some digerents in the beginning like as oyle of lillies Iris camomill bitter almondes with sheepes wooll or a cataplasme of digerent hearbes It is best not to abide the perfect suppuration but so soone as may be to cause it open for by that meanes the venemous vapor doth dissippe the dolor ceaseth and nature doth more easily discharge It may bee opened by canter or lancet but beware of the nerue veine and arters for the great accidentes that happen Being openeed it must be cured by suppuratiues mundificatiues incarnatiues and desiccatiues as ye haue heard in others The sixt Chapter of the Tumors in the nose called Sarcoma Ozena and Polypus THe nose is a part of the bodie by the which the braines doth discharge the excrements in the which do chauÌ„ce three kindes of maladies yet not much different the first is called Sarcoma which is an excrescence of fleshe against nature the second is called Ozena which is most dangerous ill sauoured the third is called Polypus which differeth not froÌ„ Sarcoma sauing that it is not so great Polypus is a tumor which proceedeth of the bone ethomides and sticketh fast to it The cause is rotten humor thicke and viscous which commeth from the head The signes are manifest to the sight and by the narration of the sicke The Iudgementes are these that which is hard and blacke must not be touched that which is soft may bee healed if the excrescence be white and soft without dolor it is easie to heale if it be redde and browne with dolor it is very difficill if it occupie both sides of the nose either the sicke sleepeth with open mouth or else he suffoketh The cure is most diffâ—cill as I haue oft seene and better it were to vse remedies palliatiues then to aduenture any perfect cure yet the cure in so much as may be is by vniuersall remedies as purging and bleeding and in good dyet Fuchâ—ns counselleth to rubbe the head with such things as haue vertue to corroborate drie the braines The particular remedies shall be according to the Tumor which is sometime hard otherwhiles soft the soft must be taken away with instrument or canter or some causticke pouder as pouder vitrioll mercurie arsenit allom spuma aeris atramentum sutorium ye may mixe any of these pouders with some vngueÌ„t anodine or honey vse deâ—ensiues for the inflamation vnguent pompholigs with a little balaust is good Also this water Rec. bolaustiorum corticis malorum granatorum an lib. 1. gelangae caudae equinae linguae passerinae et herâ—iariae an manip di radic bis tortae 4. vnc sumitatuÌ„ piri siluest manip di contundantur simul distilleutur fiaâ—â—aqua de qua frequenter abluat nares adde to it a little Allum If eyther this or the other which is harde degender into an vlcer cancrous touch it not but vse such remedies as ye shal heare in the vlcer Cancrons The seauenth Chapter of the tumor in the mouth called Vunla or Columella THe mouth as sayth Gordon is the instrument of voice in beastes and speaking in men in the which happen diuers grieuous and dangerous passions but we wil intreat of those which are moste daungerous beginning with Vunla which is called in our tongue the pap of the mouth Nature being prouident that nothing should offend hath placed in the roufe of the mouth this little peece of fleshe for diuers reasons first that we may pronounce and sâ—eake clearer for which cause it is called plectrum vocis also that the aire enter not in the trachearter till the force and impetuositie of the cold be corrected for we see in those who waÌ„t it haue both deformity of speach refrigiratioÌ„ on the lightes Vunla is an inflamation or aposthume either in forme long and is called Columella that is like a piller or like vnto the vine berrie called Vua The cause is eyther interne or externe the interne are hot humors which come from the head and cause an inflamation also asceÌ„ding from the stomacke as happeneth in rotten feuers in like manner of abundance of blood The cause externe is cold Cough excessiue eating and drinking at vnacostomed howers chiefly at night The signes are manifest to the sight chiefly in pressing downe the tongue accompanyed with dolor and feuer paine to swallow any thing the sick thinketh that he hath alwayes something in his mouth The iudgmentes are that sometime it falleth so much that it filleth vp the whole throate so the sick suffofoketh in case it be not quickely cutte if it be cutte altogether the patient waxeth dumbe or at least speaketh so as he may not be vnderstoode and his drinke doth auoyde by the nose which accidents I did see in a Chanon of S. Honorie in Paris who was my patient The Cure consisteth first in the forme of dyet tending to colde and drie vsing meates of light digestion drinking no strong not fumie drinke often vsing of clisters and bleeding in both the armes if ye perceiue plenitude ventouses on the shoulders and opening the head with scaâ—rifications frictions on the necke opening of the veines vnder the toungue The particular remedies shall onely be plantaine rose or common water with a little vineger