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A41151	Gulielm, Fabricius Hildamus, his experiments in chyrurgerie concerning combustions or burnings made with gun powder, iron shot, hot-water, lightning, or any other fiery matter whatsoever : in which is excellently described the differences, signs, prognostication and cures, of all accidents and burning themselves : very necessary and useful for all gentlemen, and soldiers as well of the trayned bands, as others, especially upon sudden occasions / translated out of Latine by Iohn Steer, Chyrurgeon.; De combustionibus. English	Fabricius Hildanus, Wilhelm, 1560-1634.; Steer, John, Chyrurgeon.	1642 (1642)	Wing F72; ESTC R22891	26,833	64

follow the first Method doe think themselvs to be sufficiently authorized with this generall rule of Hipocrates Contrary Medicines are made of contrary things For seeing Combustions is a hot accident wee ought to cure it with his contrary which is with cold things which may extinguish the hot burning humours left by the fire I do confesse those sentences of Physitians to be very true but in my opinion refrigeration in Camb. ought to be done by abating for it is fitly rejected from the first Method of curing seeing there do many times arise divers Symtomes as hereafter we will shew for it doth not suffice only to prevent corrupt humours but chiefly many other accidents as griefe retraction and roughnesse of the skin and inviron of the pores which doe all require hot remedies But that these things bee well understood let us looke unto the properties of heat the which Hipocrates doth thus describe heate is biting in Vlcers hardneth the skin causeth intollerable paine it ingendreth vehement feares Convulsions and distentions And Galen saith that the substance proper to draw together and thicken is alwayes proper to cold which is knowne to be in oyle fat and other things which by their coldnesse doe thicken and harden in which it is shewn that cold things are plainly adversaries to Combustions and do cause divers and naughty accidents for the skin being contracted and hardned by the fire by the much use of cold Medicines is hardned and paine is increased hereby humours do gather together which are not onely retained under the hard skin but by the use of cold Medicines is forced downwards and there they doe more heat hereby commeth inflammation impostimation and divers times Gangrene for the humour included because it wanteth breathing it presently putrifieth as Galen witnesseth or because the heat which chanced whilst it is included in the affected part hath dryed up the radicall moisture in which the naturall heat consisteth as we have shewed in our Tract of Gangrena For this cause Hipocrates admonisheth that it is not good to turn Erisipilas from the outward parts unto the inward and there oftentimes doth follow if great burnings be dressed with cold Medicines Herpes or knawing wilde-fire for the Humour being included under the Skinne doth breed a certaine sharpenesse and malignity Anno 1594. there came unto mee a certaine young man from Colin whom Hirpes or wild fire had invaded his whole legge from the foot unto the thigh by reason of a simple Combustion By what method and with what Medicines wee cured the same the Reader may understand by my observations Chirurgicall Therefore when I did consider that as coales when they are carefully covered under the ashes doe retaine their heat a long time so corrupt humours which in Combustions doe flow to the affected place are by the use of cold medicines retained I have therefore more rather chosen to my selfe another Method which hitherto I have used with great benefit to the Patient For even as coals doe quickly squench if they are scattered about so hot Medicines doe quickly coole yet by evacution by discussing and extracting corrupt humours as Galen witnesseth For as heat as Hipocrates witnesseth foftneth the skin extenuateth easeth paine mittigateth Convulsions and bringeth Vlcers to supperation So such kind of Medicines are applyed to those parts which are molested with blood but they must be those which doe moderately heat to make thin the humours and to dilate the passages and pores The same Galen also writeth for cold But that there might be a right and Methodicall curation of Combustions instituted all effects and accidents of burnings are to be diligently examined and looked unto so that remedies may be changed and applyed and according to their natures but first of all because paine followeth by reason of the solution of continuity and sudden mutation which violently draweth humours and blood from the body It is necessary to use repellent Medicines to wit defensives and clouts wet in Vinegar and water lest such like humours and blood do follow to the offended place Then let there be used and observed dyet purgations blood-letting cupping and other revultions that the humours and blood may be drawne and evacuated to the other part as appertaining to Topicks in the first species of Combustions if pustels be not risen let the corrupt and sharpe humours be drawn forth with an Ointment made of Onions and the like but if the skin be drawne together and hardned wee ought to use all dilligence that it be softned and made red which ought to be done with Medicines which are hot and moist as the Chapters following we will declare at length CHAP. VI The Curations of the first degree of Combustions THe first and chiefe worke which is required in Combustions is that the Chirugion doe prevent the rising of pustels for if he can do that the Patient need not feare any further molestion Therefore if any one be burnt with fire water hot Oyle or any such like thing If the Combustion be light presently let the place be madified with water or spettle and then held to fire as long as may be suffered or let the burnt place be dipped in hot water or if that will not be conveniently done let a sponge or clout be wrung out in hot water and applyed to the place for that outward heat doth draw unto it Empyruma that is heat left by the fire in the burned part as Aristotle and experience teacheth for as a Scorpion being applyed to the bite of a Scorpion doth draw to it his proper poyson so doth heat draw heat hereby Onions being mixed in a morter with a little Salt and applyed to the burnt place doth draw forth the corrupt humours and suffereth not the pustels to arise it may be spread on little pleggets and applyed untill the whole burnt place bee covered Also this following Oyntment doth violently draw forth corrupt humours and will not suffer the pustels to arise â„ž Caepae Crudae â„¥ 1. ss. Salis Saponis ulbi veneti ana â„¥ ss. Let them be mixed in a Morter and make an Oyntment with Oyle of Roses and sweet Almons Anno 1604. as my beloved wife was boyling of New Wine in a great skellet and stirring it with a spatter she unadvisedly thrust her hand unto the wrist into the boyling wine when it was boyled even unto the very height and thicknesse whereby there presently arose a vehement paine not onely in the hand but also in the whole arme the wine being washed away with hot water wee applyed the Oyntment lately prescribed which as then was most fittest unto my hand I anointed the whole arme with Oile of Roses and rowled about Rowlers dipped in water and Vinegar and did oftentimes renew them all Thus by Gods favour of so great a Combustion there followed no ulceration of the skin but onely two pustels the one in her thumbe the other by her middle finger which with a little trouble vvith

mollifieth and stayeth flux of humours ℞ Medullae sem. Cucurb ℥ ii Sem. Cidon Foenogr ana ʒi Let them be mixed in a morter and strained out with lb vj of pure water and make an Emultion in the which dissolve Saponis veneti albi ℥ ss Caphurae ℈ j. But if the Combustion be in the Face the Sope is not to be nsed by reason of the eyes but in the place adde the waters of Roses and Plantaine Defensives also in the beginning are to be applyed and Rowlers wet in water and vinegar that the violent flux of humours may be stayed But if the affected part be inflamed and chiefely if the Veynes Arteries are contracted by the fire then Defensives are not so well approved of except they have some power to resolve viz. such as are these Beane Flower Flower of Lupins of wheat and the powder of Camomile Flower c. mix them let the Patient and let the body be purged with fit purges according to the nature of the humour predominating also open a Veyne and apply Cupping glasses concerning which take the counsell of a Physitian When the Flowing of Humours and blood is stayed then Defensives are left off whereby the spirits and nutriment may the better passe to the affected part and to divide and separate the Escarre Wherefore the learned Chirurgion which is the Hand-maid of Nature ought every day as much as possibly he can without paine to seperate some of the Escarre and afterward let him apply the forewritten Ointment of Sweet Butter thereto Also this following fomentation hath no little power to ease paine mollifie the skin and helpe digestion ℞ Radicum altheae ℥ ii Sem. Cidonior Foenograeci ana. ℥ ss. Flor. Chamon Meliloti ana. M. 7. Let them be boyled in water or if there be vehement paine in Milke then wet a Sponge therein and apply it hot and afterwards mix a little Oyle of white Lillies but if the burne shall be so great then it groweth to Gangrena or Sphacetus then proceed according to the cure of Gangrena But because these kinds of Combustions of the which we have spoken doe oftentimes grow to a Gangrene therefore they ought to be carefully and judiciously handled and alwayes something ought to be applyed which may resist corruption In Children divers times doe happen Combustions of the hands and feet in the which the extremities of the fingers and toes are cleane burnt off In these great diligence is to bee used that that which is so burnt may be quickly separated lest the corruption doe invade the sound parts therefore if the flesh and the bone be so burnt that the joynt may be saved the bone in the same joynt is to be separated with a Raizor not with cizors as some would have it if the Joint it selfe shall be also affected let the skin behind the joynt be taken away with a Raizor but the bone with a little Saw but why this abscision ought not to be done with Inscision knives wee have shewed in a Tract De Gangrena in the which also is shewed the manner of cutting off of fingers As soone as ever the Escarre is separated it is good first to mundifie the Vlcer wherefore if it shall be rotten and stinking the Patient strong and the affected part not very sencible in such causes I was wont to apply Egyptialum but if the Patient bee delicate and the affected part very sencible then mix with the foresaid Ointment Hony of Roses also the powder of precipitate washed in Rose water is an excellent Medicine against all rotten Vlcers or else ℞ Pulueris Praec pitati Radix Aristoloch rot. Farinae hordei ana ℥ i. With Honie or Roses and a little Turpentine make an Ointment If the Combustion be in the head or face adde a little Gumma Lemnia dissolved in Oyle of Roses also a mundificative of the juice of Smallege doth very much clense putrid Vlcers when it is mixed with Mel. Rosarum and Aquavita and applyed Also these Medicines spred upon Cotten or fine Lint and applyed to Vlcers is profitable or fine Linnen cloths doubled or let the part affected be rowled in a soft sponge for these linnen clothes and sponge doe draw thin humours which do hinder consolidation to Vlcers already mundified it is best to use Incarnatives such as are Vngunt Aurium Nicotiane or this following powder ℞ Pulvis Aroes Sarcocollae Myrrhe ana ʒii Miso f. pul This following Viscus doth mightily mundifie and incarnateth all sorts of corrup ulcers ℞ Herbar Centaurii et Hiperici Cum toto Diapensiae Alchimellae Bete silve. Folior-arnoglossae maioris Ana M. iiij Radic. tormentille Aristolocbie longe ana ℥ iij Let them all be cut and beaten together after let them be put in a Glasse vessell and powre Wine thereon untill it doe onely swim and set it in the Sunne the space of three dayes then let it be boiled with a slender fire untill the third part be consumed and when it is strained with a strange expression in a Glasen Limbecke and in Balneo Marea make a Viscus or Bird-lime Then cause a Cicatrix but not with those things which doe vehemently dry as Chirurgions use to doe in other Vlcers for vehement dryers applyed unto Burnes doe cause a rough and filthy scarre Therefore apply this following Ointment ℞ Emplast Palmei ℥ i. Pinguid Gall Et anser ana ℥ ss. Let them be dissolved together and then mixe with them Alumines Vsti Saturni Calcinati Lythargirii aurei Lapidis Calum naris And in a Leaden Morter make an Ointment adding of the Musilage of Cydon seedes and Foenogreeke as much as is expedient with the which make an Ointment most excellent for all Combustions whatsoever Also I have used an Ointment of Aliblaster in this cause with great profit whose description is as followeth ℞ Lapidis Alablastratis calc. ℥ i. ss Pumicis albi Calcionat ℥ ss Make them into a very small powder afterwards ℞ Caerae albae Ceri Cervini Ol. Amigdalar Dulc. Lilior Albor ana ℥ i. Ol. de vitell. ovor. ℥ ss. Make an Ointment according to Art this Ointment mollifieth easeth paine and produceth a faire Cicatrix If the Combustion be in the eye-browes lippes or in the fingers there ought to be great care taken that these parts be not contracted and fastned backewards rowled in a soft sponge therefore Linnen cloathes or Lint or thin Leaden Plates finely beat and used are to be put betweene the parts where conglutination is feared In great Combustions which are in the great vessels of the Veynes and Arteries where Atrophia is feared by reason of little nourishment all the affected part are the first dayes to be anointed with Oile of Roses to represse the humours and afterwards with this following Ointment ℞ Cucci lumbricor ℥ ij Pinquid humanae Callinae Vrsi ana. ℥ i. Aquavitae ℥ ii misce This Ointment mollifieth resolveth corroborateth and openeth if any veynes or arteries by reason of the

Gulielm Fabricius Hildamus HIS EXPERIMENTS IN CHYRURGERIE Concerning Combustions or Burnings made with Gun powder Iron shot Hot-water Lightning or any other fiery matter whatsoever In which is excellently described the differences Signs Prognostication and cures of all accidents and burning themselves Very necessary and useful for all Gentlemen and Soldiers as well of the Trayned Bands as others especially upon sudden occasions Translated out of Latine by Iohn Steer Chyrurgeon London Printed by Barnard Alsop living in Grubstreet 1642. A TABLE CONTAINING The Contents of each severall Chapter in this Booke CHAP. I. Fol 3. OF the Definition and cause of Combustions and Burnings The degree and distinction of Combustions declared in three particulars as also from whence the directions curative are to be taken Chap. 2. The signs by the which those three Degrees of combustions may be known and distinguished Chap. 3. The Sign or Prognostication of Combustions Chap. 4. Of a two-fold Method of curing combustions chap. 5. The curations of the first Degree of combustions chap. 6. The curation of the second Degree of combustions Chap. 7. The Cure of the third and last Degree of combustions Chap. 8. Of the Combustions of the Eyes chap. 9. Of Combustions of the Groynes Chap. 10. Of Combustions of the Joynts Chap. 11. Of Pain and the cure thereof Chap. 12. Of the imbecillity of the Sight Chap. 13. Of the deformity of Scarres and their Remedy Chap. 14. Of the retracted Nerves and crooked Juncturs after Combustions Chap. 15. Of Lightning and how those that are stricken with it are to be succoured chap 16. The end of the Table CHAP. I. Of the Definition and cause of Combustions or Burnings ALthough Combustions be very well knowne from other effects yet for the better explaining of the Doctrine before wee enter any further we will thus describe it Combustion is the solution of continuity of Epidermis or the outward skin of the body sometimes of Cutis or the true skin and oftentimes of the Musculi Flesh Veynes Arteries Nerves c. marked with the strength of the Fire Now there followeth after this Combustion vehement paine inflammation pustels c. and if the Combustion be deep the body will be foule and will easily produce a filthy and malignant Vlcer for as soone as ever the fire or the firy substance hath touched the skin the radicall moysture is presently dryed from the part hereby the skin waxeth hard and is drawn together The rest of the Humour which remaineth within the skin and the parts adjacent becommeth very hot and getteth the nature of the Fire Furthermore that hardnesse of the skin which the parts circumjacent have drawne together as also the Ebullution of Humours and solution of Continuity do raise intollerable pain which draweth unto it many humours from the parts adjacent which if the Combustion be but light doth run together under the upper skin and hardneth the same by reason of the strength of the Fire and not admitting transpiration they are lifted up and hereby come pustels but if the Combustion be great so that the true skin be also hurt it will be hardned unto an Escarre then the Humours which are ingendred and whatsoever else is retained and imprisoned under that hard skin will still flow thither by reason of the paine whereby not onely the heat which they have received of the Fire is increased but also what blood or Humours sover doth flow from the body and the parts adjacent do also wax hot and burning and doe get a certaine sharpe and biting quality Hereby it commeth to passe that the Humours doe crode and knaw the place affected and doe cause a great Vlcer Furthermore it is to be noted that as there are many things with the which the Fire doth imprint his strength and quality which as they doe differ in substance so one much more vehemently burneth then the other therfore how much hard or solid the wood or mettle is so much the more ardent heat is retained therein Also the heat of Oyle Fat waxe pitch new wine boyled unto the third part as hereafter we will declare by an example and those which doe lightly sticke are much mor hotter then hot water For experience teacheth that Lead will be dissolved in hot Oyle which will never be done in water although it be in the height of heat When Lyme is quenched then it is so heated that not onely it exulcerateth and burneth the skin and the flesh but also it most violently draweth together the skin nervs and junctures But the most vehement and dangerous Fire of all is Heavenly Fire or Lightning for it containeth supernaturall Faculties as hereafser in order shall be declared CHAP. II. The Degree and distribution of Combustions declared in three particulars as also from whence the Directions curative are to be taken ALthough Combustions be made of divers matters as with mettels and liquors as wee have afore declared yet that little or nothing profiteth to the cure for even as Combustions made with red hot Iron is like unto Combustions made with Gold or Silver being hot so also Cembustions whether they be made with hot Oyle wax pitch c. among themselves according to their snbstance doe not differ neither do they require a particular Method in curing Even as that most worthy D. D. Laurentius Faubertus a singular man and well practised in Chirurgery doth testifie Now as the Cure may bee rightly instituted we will divide all Combustions of what fiery matter soever they are made into 3. divisions to wit into a Small Indifferent and Great For if the thing which burneth doth not long stick unto the body or be but light as straw flax hemp or any kind of light or dry wood or any thing which quickly falleth off they are but only pustels raised and this is the first degree or particular But if the substance doe something longer stick or shall be induced with a more violent heat then not only the Pustels are raised but also the true skin is made destitute of Radicall moysture from the part and it is something dryed and drawn together but not as yet any Escar made Thirdly if the fiery matter do stick very long and doth contain in it a most violent heat then not onely the true skinn but also the flesh veins arteirs Nerves c. are burned drawn together and dryed into an Eskar because the naturall moysture is consumed with the strength of the fire wherfore there are Medicines which are to be changed and applyed according to these differences as hereafter is declared The second Iudication is taken from the part affected for not one and the same Medicine doth agree with the Eye Members generative nerves Iunctures musculous flesh c. Also women and children who are endued with an exquisite sence do require more gentle Medicines but contrary those of a hard and rustique flesh and which are strong men require more stronger Remedies as Galen rightly admonisheth From this

description and distribution of Combustions the Method of curing easily appeareth which wee God willing will declare in three Chapters like as wee have distributed Combustions in three Species or Particuculars CHAP. III. The Signes by the which those three Degrees of Combustions may be knowne and distinguished SEeing that wee have divided Combustions into three degrees or species and further have prescribed a proper remedy unto every particular it is necessary to declare how they are distinguished by signes and notes Therefore the signes of the first particular or small Combustion are these rednesse of the skin a sharpe and pricking pain like as though the skin were rubbed with Nettle-sced by and by except there be fit remedies applyed the place is inflamed and pustles doe arise in the which is contained cleere and white water as also the upper skin is separated A light combustion is knowne by the Circumstances to wit that the firy substance was gentle as Straw Flaxe Hempe and the like or that did fall off as hot water or that the part touched it but a little moment of time on the contrary in the other species the firy substance did touch the part a longer time or it retained some greater heat in it as hot iron or any liquid mettle hard wood Pitch Oyle Wax and the like From hence it commeth that the place doth presently inflame waxeth red painfull and burneth and in the very same moment pustels are elevated in which are contained thin water and waxeth yellow and is sore by reason of the stretching of the skin which is stretched and drawne together by the stanch of the fire Now in the last Species even in the same moment when the firy substance doth sticke to the body there are pustels elevated but presently they fall again and chiefly in same place where the Combustion is great and vehement and the under skinne seemeth blacke and wanne and hardly feeleth though it bee pricked with a Lancet for there is a hard and dry crust which when it falleth off there remaineth a deep and profound Vlcer from the nature of the firy matter and the space how long it hath stucke unto the body a great Combustion may be knowne Furthermore Combustions doth speedily require a Surgeon and let him inquire to what Species it is to be referred To wit whether it be light indifferent or great if it be light let it be holpen with the remedies declared in the 6. Chap. least pustels bee raised if indifferent then tune unto the 7. Chap. but if it be vehement and great poceed as we have declared in the 8. Chapter CHAP. IV. The Signe or Prognostication of Combustions A Light Combustion where the the skin is only hurt although it be something painfull yet it may easily and in a short time be cured and there will scarce any scarre be perceived if the cure be rightly instituted and according to Art But contrary a great Combustion is hard to be healed which also leaveth behinde it a filthy and withered scarre by reason of the perdition and contraction of the skin if pustils do not appeare in the beginning The many humours do concurre together unto the offended part which do putrifie and get a kind of a sharpe and knawing quality so that they doe deeply crode the skin and flesh and do cause a rotten ulcer and naughty Scar Therefore the pustels are presently to be cut that the sharp and hot water may flow forth In wholsome and well-tempered bodies Combustions is healed with a little labour Contrary in foule and plethorique bodies it is hardly cured and doth easily grow to a putred ulcer For paine doth continually draw unto it Humours and blood from the Body hereby the part affected waxeth hot and it flamed and divers and naughty Symtomes doe follow Combustions of the head and face do leave behind them smooth scarres for the skin is so dryed and contracted with the fire and the pores so shut that the haire will never after come forth nor grow Combustions of the Eyes and the Eye-browes and of the members Adnata and Cornea although they be light yet are they dangerous and there may easily follow a deprivation of sight or at the least a great imbicility and the eye-lids may bee turned inwards Also Combustions of the Groyne are very dangerous and hard to be cured for these Members neere unto the privie parts are moist weake and easily hurt by flux of humours Combustions of the Belly is alwayes dangerous and hard to be cured for the muscels of Abdomen are in perpetuall motion by reason of inspiration expiration and extention which is mad with meat and drinke excretion of excrement laughing crying as I have observed in my Country of Hildane in a certaine Childe of three yeares old for hee being affected with a dangerous burne in the belly procured us much businesse the space of eight months But if an intestine or gut in any part be burnt it is mortall as also the burning of Lightning is mortall as it is declared in its proper place Combustion of the great vessels of the Arteries and Veynes are dangerous chiefly if it be deepe for the heat contracteth and shutteth those vessels whereby the spirits and blood cannot flow to give life and nourishment and then followeth Gangrena and Atrophia as wee have shewed in our Tract De Gangrena Sphacelo Burning also of the Nerves and Articuls doe easily draw together the junctures Therefore it is needfull that the Surgeon doe use great diligence in these kinde of Burnings and that he study presently from the beginning to soften the hardnesse and roughnesse of the skin with fit medicines and to draw away and disperse the violent heat of the fire CHAP. V. Of a two-fold Method of curing Combustions ALthough there be an infinite number of Medicines in use both among Practitioners and the vulger sort of people for burnings whether they be Plaisters or Ointments juices or distilled water neverthelesse that all doe tend to the same end to wit that they doe either choke resolve or dissipate the corrupt matter or heat which is left in the part now the suffocating or choking of corrupt matter is done either with cold and moist mndicines as with the juices and waters of Houslike Lettice Henbane Nightshad and the like or else with cold and dry things such as are bale armeni Terra sigillat Ceruse Potters Clay and such like plaisters which doe shut the pores so that the outward heat which is left by the fire may be choaked and quenched like unto fire which is shut into a close place The other way of quenching hot humours consisteth in this that the outward heate and sharpe humours be resolved and scattered even as we see coles to be quenched if they bee scattered hither and thither which is done by hot Medicines as we will shew in the next Chapter it shall not bee needfull to enquire what Method is to be used They which doe

they are of temperature hot and moist therefore proceed after this manner First of all let the blisters be all cut with cizors whereby the hot and sharpe water may flow foith and wheresoever the upper skin is separated let it be peeled off lest matter should gather together under it and because humours and blood doe presently flow to the affected place it is needfull to prevent them with defensives therefore apply one of the following defensives about the breadth of the palme of ones hand upon the burnt place ℞ Pul. boli armeni Sanguis draco Gallar Croci martis Accatiae ana. ℥ ss. Olei Rosar ℥ iij Cerae novae ℥ i. ss. Make an Ointment according to Art adding a little Vinegar or else ℞ Farina hordei Argillae fornac ana ℥ ij Let them bee boiled with Vinegar and water to the forme of a Cataplisme and in the end mixe therewith the whites of two Egges This defensive is to he reiterated two or three times every day lest it should dry upon the affected place and should cause paine But to the places round about apply this following Ointment ℞ Vngunt Basilicon ℥ 1. Ol. Rosar hillior albor ana ℥ ss. Vitel. ovor nam ij misce This following Ointment doth also very much profit for Combustions it easeth paine softneth the skin and resolveth the Humours flowing to the part ℞ Butyri Sine sale Pinguedinis gallinae necent Ana ℥ j. Caerae novae Ol. Lilior albor ana ℥ ss Let them be dissolved together and afterwards adde unto them Croci ℈ j. Muselag Sem Cydon ℥ j. Let them be mixed in a morter and make an ointment If the paine be so vehement that the sicke can very little take his rest then mixe with the said foresaid ointment Opii dissoluti ℈ ss or else ℞ Butiri recent ℥ ii Ol Amigdalar dulc. de vitellis ovor. ana ℥ Croci ●pii ana ℈ ss Caphorae ℈ i. Muselag sem. cidon ℥ i. misce make an Ointment and apply it The Defensive being applyed and one of the foresaid Ointments the affected part is to be rowled in rowlers madified in water and Vinegar and if the offended part be the arme or the leg beg in at the infirme part for by this meanes the humours are repressed which are prepared to flow unto the hurt part but if the Combustion be any part that may not be rowled apply linnen clothes madified in water and vinegar 3. or 4 times a day or also water wherein Colworts have bin infused which should be of vinegar water and salt in which linnen clothes he wet and applyed it doth mightily represse the Humours easeth paine and is an enemy to corrupt Humours notwithstanding in the Face such kinde of Medicines are not be applyed be reason of the eyes the skin being softned and sufficiently rubified divers doe apply drying Medicines as Vngunt ex calce tota Diap●mpholigos Album Rasis and the like but because such drying Medicines doe contract the skinne and cause filthy skarres I doe not allow of the use of them therfore I use emolent Medicines to the end of the Also I prepare an Ointment for all Combustions whatsoever after this manner ℞ Butiri recent tot in aqua Rosar ℥ iij Ol. violatii de vitel ovor. Amigdalar dulc. ana ℥ ss. Farinae hordii ℥ i. ss. Croci ℈ j. Musilag Sem. Cydon ℥ i. Cerae q. S. Make an Ointment in a morter This Ointment mollifieth easeth paine and by little and little induceth a Cicatrice but because Combustions especially those which are in the upper part of the skin flame with vehement sence the Chirurgions ought to have a great care that they do gentle clense them I lest I should cause paine by clensing of Vlcers doe cover the burnt part about with fine linnen cloth as with Cambricke or Lawne and I remove it not untill the Vlcer be whole by this cloth the matter may easily flow forth and the vertue of the Medicines may come unto the Vlcer now whilst that the Vlcer is a curing dyet purgation of humours and Phlebotomy is not to be neglected let the Patient abstaine from all things that are vehement falt hot and sharpe and those things which are hard of disgestion let him use pottage made of flesh new killed in the which Sorrill Endine Lettice and Borage hath been boyled let his drinke be phtisan or Ale not very strong if the body bee full open the Basilica or Mediana veyne and take out as much blood as strength will suffer if it bee needfull for him to purge let him purge according to the nature of the humour predominating concerning which it were good to have the opinion of a Learned Physitian if the Combustion bee in the face it were good to apply Cupping Glasses to the shoulders that the blood and humours may be drawne backe CHAP. VIII The Cure of the third and last degree of Combustions THis third and last Degree of Combustions is very dangerous for that very often it ingendreth Gangrena and Sphacetus For first by reason of the vehement heat the Radicall moisture and naturall heat is dryed up Secondly the skin Musculous Flesh Veynes Arteries c. be dried and drawne together so that the blood cannot flow to the offended part Thirdly the Humours and blood by reason of the Solution of Continuitie and paine doe gather together and increase the burning heat hereby by reason of want of nourishment and choaking of the naturall heat the affected part mortifieth as is declared in our Tract of Gangrena and Sphasetus In the yeare of our Lord 1592. there lighted into my hands a very honest Matron in Hilden who being weary by reason of her domesticall businesse and sitting by the fire alone of a sudden fell into a swound downe to the hearth and her right legge lay on the burning coales whereby the calfe of her legge was so burnt that a little after by reason her body was foule she was taken with Gangrena and Sphaselus wherefore the Escarre being separated and Medicines applyed which pertaine to Gangrena she recovered her health First of all therefore the blisters are to be cut and the water that floweth by reason of the Combustion to be dryed with a clout or sponge then the Escarre is to be separated or at the least to be cut away almost as close as the flesh whereby the humour which is retained under the hard crust may flow forth the Medicines may enter and whatsoever is inducerated and hardned by reason of the heat may softned the Escarre ought to be separated the first or second day before the part be inflamed and in the beginning this following Ointment is to be applyed ℞ Butirs rec et tot in aquaros ℥ iii Vngunt Basilioon ℥ i. ss Ol. Lilior albor Amigda dulc. ana ℥ ss Vitel. unius ovi misce et appli. Afterwards doubled clothes wet in this following Emulsion is to be applyed hot for it easeth paine