in the compounded Poeony water and boiled up to the consistency of Lozenges six ounces make Lozenges according to art weighing each half a dram Eat of them three or four twice in a day drinking after every Dose of the liquors before mentioned Take of the Powder of Virginian Snakeweed two drams of the lesseâ— Galingal one dram of the gummed extracts of the remains of the distillation of the Elixir Vitae of Quercitan two drams of the Flowers of Sal Armoniack or the most pure Volatile Salt of Sut or Harts-horn one dram of the Balsom of Peru one scruple of the Balsom of Capivus what will suffice to make a mass let it be made into small Pills involved in the Species Diambre The Dose is half a dram evening or morning Take of the Resine or Gum of Guaicum three drams of the Species Diambre one dram of the Chymical Oyl of Guaicum rightly rectified one dram and a half of liquid Amber what will suffice to make a mass let it be formed into Pills to be taken after the same manner If that the Palsie happens in a Cholerick temper or to a young Man it admits only of milder Medicines and all the more hot things and Elastick do but imbitter the Disease The following forms are in use for the taking away of its foregoing cause Take of the Conserves of the Flowers of Betony of Fumitory of Primroses each two ounces of the Species Diambre one dram of Ivory Crabs Eyes and Claws each four scruples of the Powder of the Flowers of Poeony two drams of Lignum Aloes of yellow Sanders each one dram of the Salt of Wormwood one dram and a half and with the Syrup of the Flowers of Poeony what will suffice make an Electuary The Dose is two drams twice in a day drinking after it either the simple water of the Flowers of Aron or of the following Compounded Water three ounces or of the Decoction of Sage with the leaves of Tea infused in it four or six ounces Take of the Roots of Aron or Cuckopint of the male Poeony Angelica Imperatoria each half a pound of the Flowers of Sage Rosemary Marjoram Brooklime Water-Cresses each four handfuls of the rinds of six Oranges and four Lemons of Primroses Cowslips Marigold flowers each three handfuls let them be all bruised and cut and pour to them of new Milk six pints of Malaga Wine one quart distil them in common Stils and let the whole liquor be mixed together Sometimes instead of the Electuary may be taken between whiles for fourteen or fifteen days of the Syrup of Steel of which let one spoonful be taken in three ounces of the distilled Water It may be made after this manner Take of the whitest Sugar dissolved in black Cherry Water and boil'd up to a consistency eight ounces adding to it of our Steel in Powder three drams let them be stirred together over the fire and then by degrees pour to it of the Water of Rosemary warm twelve ounces let it boil gently for a quarter of an hour scumming it and pouring it forth warm thorow an hair sieve or strainer There may be also made steeled Lozenges after this manner to wit with Sugar sufficiently boiled with Steel adding of the Chymical Oyl of Amber or of Rosemary half a dram and presently let it be poured forth that it may flow into a consistency of Lozenges The Dose is two drams twice in a day drinking after it of distilled Water or of the following Apozem six ounces Take of China Root one ounce of the shavings of Ivory Harts-born each half an ounce of white and yellow Sanders of the Wood of the Mastick-tree each half an ounce let them be infused in warm water and close stopt for a whole night six pints in the morning add to them of the Roots of Chervil of sweet smelling Avens of Broom and Parsley each one ounce and a half of the dryed leaves of ground Ivy Sage Germander Betony each one handful of Coriander seeds three drams let them be boiled till half is consumed then add to it of white Wine half a pint and strain it into a jugg upon the leaves of Water-Cresses bruised two handful Let it infuse warm and close shut for two hours strain it again and keep it in a close Vessel well stopt In the Scorbutick Palsie the Juices and expressions of Herbs do often bring notable help Take of the leaves of Brooklime Water-Cresses and Plantan fresh gathered each four handfuls bruise them together and pour to them of the distilled Water but now described eight ounces squeese the juice strongly forth and keep it in a glass and take of it twice or thrice in a day three or four ounces At the extream Physical hours viz. Morning and Evening may be taken these following Pills Take of Millipedes prepared three drams and a half of Pearls one dram and a half of the Root of the Cretick Dittany one dram Venice Turpentine what will suffice to make a mass let it be formed into small Pills the Dose is half a dram drinking after it a draught of the distilled Water For ordinary drink let there be prescribed either a Bochet of Sarse China yellow Sanders c. or small Ale with the dryed leaves of ground Ivy boiled in it and of Sage with the Wood of Sassafras infused therein 2. Whilst these things are doing for the taking away the foregoing cause of the Disease there is no less a curatory care required for its conjunct cause to wit that all obstructed places being opened they might admit the Animal Spirits free from stupefaction and that they may pass freely thorow There are two chief kinds of Remedies which conduce to those ends viz. one particular and private to be applied to the distemper'd places to wit that by Fomentations Oyntments Plasters and such like outward applications the sleepy Spirits might be awakned and their passages opened the other universal to wit that the Blood and Spirits and the other humors and the active Particles flowing in the whole Body being very much agitated and put into a rapit motion like a torrent they might cast down and remove all impacted heaps or stays by which the Spirits are obstructed The administrations used to the distempered parts are so ordinarily and commonly known that it were superfluous to insist here on the describing them more largely First Liniments made out of Oyls Oyntments and Balsoms are to be applied according to the temper of the Patient more or less hot and with frictions or strong rubbing twice a day Sometimes before these are made use of Fomentations made of Cephalick Herbs or spices boiled in Spring Water adding to it sometimes Strong Waters Wine or Bear or their Lees. Further oftentimes it is convenient to make about the distemper'd places Blisters and to use Cupping-glasses and Medicines to take away the hairs and to raise pimples Little Bags and Plasters often help Moreover
Medicines and Purging unless very gentle have very rarely any place here Cataplasms of Rue Chamomel Vervine Bryony Roots red Poppies with Sope may be laid all over the Feet or instead of them may be applied Pigeons or Chickens cut up and laid warm In the mean time as you see occasion there ought to be prescribed Iuleps Apozems Powders and Confections by which the rage of the Blood and the burning of the Animal Spirits may be allayed Take of Pipin Water Black Cherry Water and Cowslip Water each four ounces Water of the whole Citrons two ounces of Pearl powder'd one dram of Syrup of the juice of Citron one ounce mingle them and make a Iulep let three ounces be taken three or four times in a day Take of Grass Roots of the Leaves of Wood-Sorrel and Pimpernel each one handful of Barly half an ounce of Apples cut of Currans or Strawberries or Rasberries one handful let them be boiled in four pints of spring-spring-water till a third part be consumed clarifie it and strain it then add to it of the Syrup of Violets one ounce and of Sal Prunella a dram and a half Take of the Leaves of Borage fresh gathered and young four handfuls of Wood-Sorrel two handfuls two Apples sliced of Sal Prunella two drams the pulp of one Orange of white Sugar one ounce let them be bruised together and pour to them of spring-water two or three pints let them be strongly squeezed forth and kept in a Glass and cleared from its setling let six or seven ounces be taken of this often in a day when they will For the quenching of thirst let the excellent drink of Palmerus viz. Spring-water with Sugar and the juice of Lemons or Water or Posset-drink with Elm leaves or Pimpernel infused or boiled in it be drunk Emulsions of the Decoction of the roots and flowers of Water-Lilies with Melon-seeds or else Spring-water distilled with the pulp of boiled Apples dissolved in it Hypnoticks or Medicines causing rest are often very necessary in this Disease but yet the stronger are not convenient in the beginning nor let them be frequently used because sleep caused by Opiates carries more morbific matter to the Brain and fixes it more deeply there Take of the Water of Cowslip flowers four ounces of the Syrup of Poppies half an ounce of Pearl one scruple make a drink to be taken at night late Take of the Seeds of white Poppy two drams of Sugar-Candy a dram and a half bruise them together and pour to them of white Poppy Water six ounces make an expression to be taken after the same manner Narcoticks or Stupefying Medicines which are made of things meerly cold are cautiously to be exhibited because they agree not with some who have the Fibres of their Stomach very tender and sensible I have often observed these kind of Hypnoticks to have stirred up a great oppression in the Ventricle and then presently an Inflation or blowing of it up and a little after distractions and inordinations of Spirits use to follow in the Brain yea in the whole Body so that there was not only a frustration of sleep but great disquietness was stirred up Take of liquid Luadanum prepared with the Salt of Tartar or the juice of Quinces Let a Dose of it be taken in a convenient liquor Things inviting Sleep as Epithems or moist Medicines applied to the Temples and Forehead are often used with success of which sort are Rose-cakes dipt in Vinegar Rose-water and grated Nutmeg and Embrocation or washing with Water or Milk Oyntments of Oyl of Nutmeg by expression Oyntment of Poplar to which sometimes may be added of Opium five or six grains or a Cake of Poppy flowers with Vinegar and Nutmeg c. Further for this end rather than for the taking away the inflammation of the Meninges the hot Lungs of a Lamb or Weather as also Pigeons or Chickins slit in two do often give notable help Also for this use Housleek bruised and mixt with a Womans Milk and applied to the hinder part of the Head being shaved is wonderfully praised Also the Epithem of Penotus of twelve grains of Nutmeg of Camphir half a scruple and the Tincture of rose-Rose-water impregnated with red Sanders twenty ounces is commended by some Further they are wont to apply Epithens not only to the Head but also to the Heart Liver and other parts A little bag of silk may be applied to the Praecordia with Cardiac Species being sewed or quilted in it with silk and sprinkled with Rose-water or Vinegar of Roses also rags wet in Rose Vinegar may be laid to the Testicles The Feet way be hathed with a Decoction of Willow leaves Lettice or the heads of white Poppy But these kind of cooling Topicks only and cherishers are to be used in the beginning of the Disease but in its height resolves and softners are to be added as the Flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder c. also the leaves of Mallows Orage Marjoram Hysop and such like In the declining of the Disease resolvers only and those sparingly are to be administred In the mean time there ought to be great means used for keeping up of strenght for that too much failing all hopes of Cure is lost For strength is quickly worn out by reason of great watchings the perpetual agitations both of the body and mind a thin Dyet and Phlebotomy sometimes often requisite Wherefore great care must be had lest whilst we endeavour to root out the Disease by Purging or frequent letting of Blood we should suddenly debilitate the Vital Function If this begins to fail the Phrensie being let alone a better dyet may be granted and especially Cordialls are to be used Take of the Tincture of Coral half an ounce take of it twenty drops twice or thrice in a day with a Dose of a Cephalick or a Cordial Iulep or let it be given with Coral dissolved in Milk made with the juice of Oranges one spoonful often in a day Take of the Rob or Conserves of Rasberries and Barberies one ounce of prepared Pearl of Magistery of Coral each one dram of Confection of Hyacinthae two drams Syrup of the juice of Alchermes what will suffice make a Confection and let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken three or four times a day drinking after it of the following Iulep three ounces Take of the Water of the Flowers of Water-Lilies red Roses and of Elm leaves each three ounces of the Syrup of Coral two ounces of the Cordial Water of Saxony one dram mingle them Take of the Conserves of the Flowers of Water-Lilies and of Violets each one ounce the Stalks of Lettice candied or preserved half an ounce of the Powder of red Coral bruised in a morter with the juice of Orange and dryed two drams of the Species of Diamarg frigid one dram of white Poppy seeds one dram and a half with what will suffice of the Syrup of the
build Houses plant and order Gardens Orchards or Till the Ground For the mind being busied with necessary cares or duties puts aside and at last deserts more easily vain and mad cogitations Melancholy persons are seldom to be lest alone for that then they indulge their airy phantasies and speculations and suffer them to continue longer The Soul sinks down inwardly and leaving the body enters into a certain Metamorphosis and puts on a new shape and oftentimes different from humane manners Wherefore the Distemper'd ought to be disturbed almost always with the discourses of their familiar Friends to wit that the Animal Spirits being called outwards may be solicited from their diversions into their former and accustomed tracts But if the sick be seduced with phantastical illusions and imagine some prodigious things of themselves and firmly believe them their mind is to be drawn from them by artificial inventions very many causes and examples of this sort of Cure are to be found in Books and a discreet Physician may institute the like as occasion serves Although a fresh Melancholy may be cured sometimes by the mere discipline and institution of the mind and Animal Spirits yet in a long or inveterate where the Spirits have contracted an acetous nature and the Blood an Atrabilary or Melancholick disposition and that the Brain is hurt as to its Pores and passages other Indications called Preservatory are required for the taking away of the Procatartick causes Concerning this thing the Medical intentions are first that the Blood be reduced to a better temper and genuine to wit a spirituous saline then to enliven the Brain and to render it bright and clear its Pores being unlocked and also to corroborate the Animal Spirits and to excite them into a lively flowing forth For which ends the following method I think good to propose which notwithstanding ought to be varied according to the various constitutions of the sick The taking away of Blood has place almost in all Melancholicks and sometimes it is often to be iterated For the adust and liveless Blood being at times drawn away a new and more spirituous comes in its place Concerning the quantity place and manner of celebrating this Remedy Authors have various opinions but the motion and the affections of the Blood being truly weighed it will at first suffice to take a moderate quantity out of the Arm and afterwards if need be a lesser or to draw it from the Sedal Veins by Leeches How the Salvatella Veins being opened as is said should bring such notable help to Melancholicks I confess I cannot understand perhaps it may help them if the Melancholick persons be firmly perswaded that this Phlebotomy will cure them before any others the frequent opening the Hemorrhoidal Veins invites Nature to an endeavouring afterwards for that evacuation which succeeding of its own accord as Hippocrates says does not seldom Cure this Disease Purging for that it draws back the nourishment of the Disease from the firsts ways and removes the impediments of other Remedies ought to be celebrated at the beginning and repeated at intervals But that some think for the sooner rooting out of this Disease Hellebore or Elateriums are chiefly to be used and cite Hippocrates for their Author we apprehend if the success be minded those things do not ordinarily agree with yea more often do hurt to the sick For indeed more strong Purgers do not take away the cause of the Disease to wit the Dyscrasie of the Blood but rather encrease it besides they more debilitate and strike down the Animal Spirits before dejected But Hellebore was so often prescribed by Hippocrates because in his Age other Catharticks were scarcely known or at least they were not in frequent use But now it is thought much better gently to draw forth the receptacles of the humors by more gentle and easie Purgers and to cleanse only the Viscera and the first ways without any great commotions of the Blood and Spirits Vomiting Medicines as in most Cephalick Diseases free from a Feavour are wont to help after a peculiar manner in all mad Distempers The reason of this partly consists in this because the viscous load of the Ventricle which as we have elsewhere shewn doth very much burthen the Soul being purged forth the Spirits by that means being more free expand themselves more lively and chearfully Further forasmuch as Vomiting presses together and evacuates the neighbouring receptacles of the humors to wit the Gall Bag the passage of the Pancreas and the Glandulas of the Mesentery procures that their contents be not transferred into the Head Take Oxymel of Squills one ounce and a half of Wine of Squills one ounce of the Syrup de Peto two drams mix them and make a Vomit if it doth not work or but slowly provoke Vomiting with a great deal of Carduus Posset-drink Take of the Decoction of the middle bark of Elder four ounces of the Salt of Vitriol one scruple to two scruples of Oxymel simple three drams mix them and take it after the same manner To robust and well-set persons may be given of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae also the Emetick Tartar of Mynsicht or the Sulphur of Antimony Take of the Root of Polypodium of the Oak half an ounce of Epithimum three drams of Sena half an ounce of Tamarinds six drams of the seeds of Coriander three drams of yellow Saunders two drams let them be boiled in fourteen ounces of spring-Spring-water till it comes to ten ounces adding to the Colature or when it is strained of Agarick two drams of Rhubarb one dram and a half being clarified add of the Syrup of purging Apples two ounces let six ounces be taken and repeated within three or four days Take of the best Sena three drams Epithym Rhubarb each one dram and a half of Yellow Saunders half a dram of Coriander seed two scruples of the Salt of Wormwood half a dram of Celtick Spike a scruple put these into white Wine and the Water of Pipins of each four ounces kept close all night to the liquor being strained five ounces add of the Syrup of Epithimum six drams of Aqua Mirabilis two drams mix them and make a Potion In strong bodies or hard to work on may be added to these of the strings of black Hellebore macerated in Vinegar one dram or two For those who had rather make use of Pills Boluses Powders or Syrups take the following Take of the Pil. Tartar of Quercitan or of Amber of Crato half a dram of the Resine of Ialap or of Scammony six or eight grains or Tartar vitriolated half a scruple of Ammoniacum dissolved in Aqua Mirabilis what will suffice to make a Pill let four be taken going to sleep and unless they work first one in the morning following Take of Calamelanos of the extract of black Hellebore each one scruple of the Resine of Ialap six grains of
Ammoniacum solut what will suffice make four Pills let them be taken with Government The Powder of Haly the Powder of Valesco de Tarenta of Peveda and others are very much commended And indeed in Country bodies or robust this Cathartick may seem convenient Take of Epithimum half an ounce of Agarick Lapis Lazuli each three drams Scammony one dram Cloves thirty make a Powder the Dose is from half a dram to a dram Take of the Powder Diasenna of Diaturbith with Rhubarb each half a dram make a Powder let it be taken in a draught of Posset-drink in a Decoction of Epithimum simple four or five scruples Take of the best Senna two ounces of the Roots of Polypodia of the Oak two ounces of Epithimum one ounce and a half of yellow Citrons half an ounce of Tamarinds one ounce of Coriander seeds six drams boil them in Barnet water four pints till half be consumed strain it and let it be evaporated in a warm Bath to the consistence of a Syrup adding towards the end of pure Manna and of white Sugar each four ounces make a Syrup the Dose is two spoonfuls or three in three ounces of some convenient distilled water or in any other liquor Or Take of the same liquor evaporated to the consistence of Honey six ounces of fresh Cassie four ounces of the jelly of Currans two ounces of Cream of Tartar of the Salt of Wormwood each one dram and a half of the Powder of Diasen two drams of yellow Sanders powder'd two drams mix them and make an Electuary Dose three drams to half an ounce Purging is not to be used continually nor too frequently yea it suffices that it be administred within six or seven days space and at other times let the belly be taken down by Clysters if it be bound As to other Medicines which are not evacuators though the Ancients relied not much upon them we put our greatest confidence of Cure in them For they to whom also many moderns consent thought there was nothing more to be done for the curing of Melancholy than to Purge forth the Melancholick humor wherefore making Purges their chiefest business they instituted the other Medicines called Preparatory only for the sake of this to wit making it their scope that as soon as the humor being reduced to a fit consistency by altering Medicines and that the ways for its excretion were open enough then that it should be carried forth of doors by Purgers Which kind of Hypothesis seems not agreeable neither to reason nor to Medical experience because Melancholick people rather receive hurt than help by often Purging how methodically soever it be instituted Therefore we placing the cause of this Disease in the Dyscrasie of the Blood and Spirits and in the weakness or evil conformation of the Viscera and the Brain esteem altering and corroborating Medicines to be in the first rank for Remedies and for the sake of these that Purgers may be used sometimes between whiles Therefore Purging being rightly prescribed at due intervals for the removing impediments as to the rest you may proceed according to these forms Take of the Conserves of the flowers of Gilliflowers and of Brage each two ounces and a half of the rinds of Myrobalans preserved six drams of Coral prepared and of Pearl each one dram and a half of Ivory and Crabs Eyes each one dram of Confection de Hyacintho two drams of the Syrup of Coral and red Poppy what will suffice make an Electuary take two drams Morning and Evening drinking after it three ounces of the following Iulep or the distilled Water Take of the water of the Flowers of Cowslips and of black Cherries each six ounces of Balm four ounces of Dr. Stephens his Water two ounces of Sugar six drams mingle it and make a Iulep Take of the leaves of Balm Borrage Bugloss Fumitory Water-Cresses and Brooklime each four handfuls of the flowers of Pinks Marigolds Borrage and Cowslips each three handfuls the outer rinds of six Oranges and six Lemons being all cut and bruised pour to them Whey made of Cyder eight pints distil it in a common Still and mix all the liquor together Take of the Powder of Pearl of Ivory of Coral prepared each two drams of the Species Laetificant or making merry of Diarrhod Abbatis each one dram of the Oyl of the rind of Citrons half a scruple of white Sugar dissolved and boiled to the consistence of Lozenges in what will suffice of Balm Water six ounces make Lozenges according to art weighing a dram take two or three at nine of the Clock in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it a draught of the distilled Water or of Tea Or Take of the Roots of Chervil of Polypodium of the Oak each one ounce and a half of the leaves of Harts Tongue Ceterach Scolopendria Germander each one handul of Tamarisk half a handful of the bark of the same half an ounce of Raisins of the Sun stoned two ounces one Apple cut let them be cut and bruised and boiled in four pints of spring-Spring-water to the consumption of a third part about the end add of the leaves of Water Cresses one handful let it be strained and clarified take of it six ounces twice or thrice in a day sweteen it with Syrup of Fuâ—itory Spaw-Waters coming from Iron are wont oftentimes to give great benefit for the Curing of Melancholicks to wit because they being plentifully drunk wash out salino-sulphureous Tincture of the Blood and destroy its evil ferment Moreover they wipe clean the silthiness of the Viscera unlock obstructions and what is of great benefit they corroborate by their astriction both the weak and too loose Viscera and also shut up the little mouths of the gaping Vessels of the Brain by which a passage lay open into it for the extraneous matter together with the nervous juice And for this reason to wit by corroborating the Viscera and by locking up the passages of the Head Vitriolickâ— prepared of Iron are wont to be given profitably in Melancholy and also in the Vertigo Take of our Steel prepared three drams put it into a quart of the Water above described take of it three or four ounces twice in a day by it self or with any other solid Medicine Take of the filings of Iron one ounce put it into a glass with the juice of Oranges two ounces let it stand for a day shaking it sometimes then pour to it of the Water of Pipins and of White Wine each one pint or of the more thin and sweet Cyder one quart take of it three ounces twice in a day after the same manner Take of the Vitriol of Steel of the Cream of Tartar of Crabs Eyes each one dram mix them make a Powder and let it be divided into nine parts Take one part every Morning in a draught of the distilled Water or the Decoction or
Mercurial Medicines for that they operate not only by Vomit and Stool but oftentimes by Sweat Urine or Salivation do notably help A long and plentiful spitting or flux at the mouth hath perfectly cured some Mad people 3. The more strong Purging Medicines where strength and the constitution may bear them because they depress the raging of the Spirits and of the Blood and very much evacuate the Emunctories that are for the receiving the recrements of the Blood and nervous Juice do often bring help in this Disease For this use preparations of black Hellebore as chiefly its extract and Wine of the Infusion of its strings or the pulp of an Apple with the roots of it boiled together are much praised Take of the Extract of black Hellebore of Calamelanos of each one scruple make a Bolus Take Calamelanos one scruple of Diagridium from twelve to fifteen grains make a Powder Take of Confectio Hamech or of the Electuary of the juice of Roses half an ounce to six drams let it be given in broth Take of the Decoction of Senna Gereonis or of Epithimum with the roots of black Hellebore two drams six ounces make a draught Take of the Powder of Diasennae two drams let it be taken in Posset-drink In the mean time whilst these things are doing let the Preservatory Indication respect the cause of this Disease Wherefore with these frequent purgings and letting of Blood between whiles let altering Medicines or Remedies be used which may attemper the Blood and nervous juice and reduce them to their due temper if that the sick be tractable and orderly enough they will not refuse to take such things methodically Take of Crystal Mineral or of the best purified Nitre two ounces of Pearls powdered two drams of Sugar Candy two drams and a half of Camphor half a scruple let them be all beaten together to a moist fine Powder let two drams of this be put into a glass vessel that will hold two quarts of Spring-water or of clear small Ale or Beer and â—â—ld let it be given for ordinary drink at pleasure Put to Whey being made hot the flowers of Violets or Water-Lilies and after they have infused for two hours let them drink it plentifully also the Spaw Waters are convenient for Mad people to drink orderly and plentifully Take of the tops of green and the tenderest Borrage and Bugloss each four handfuls three Apples pared of Sal Prunella two drams of Sugar half an ounce let them be bruised together and pour to them of Spring-water three pints make a strong Expression take half a pint thrice in a day or oftner Take of the Conserves of Borrage flowers and of Violets each three drams Confectio de Hyacintho of Alchermis each two drams of Coral prepared a dram and an half of the Powder of Pearls one dram of the Salt of Coral one dram of the Syrup of red Poppies what will suffice make an Electuary of which take two drams twice or thrice in a day drinking after it of the following liquor four ounces Take of the waters of the flowers of the Water-Lilie Borrage Bugloss and of black Cherries each four ounces of red Poppies six ounces of red rose-Rose-water two ounces of Camphor tyed in a rag and hang'd in the glass half a dram of the Syrup of Coral one ounce and a half mix them and make a Iulep Take of the yellow flowers of the Willow-tree what will suffice let them be distilled in a common Still and let the Distillation be repeated by putting to it fresh flowers for three times Give of it four ounces twice or thrice in a day sweetning it with the Syrup of Water-Lilies Take of the leaves of the Willow Meadowsweet Pimpernel Borrage Balm each six handfuls of the flowers of the Water-Lilie of the tops of St. Iohns-wort each four handfuls of Camphor powdered three drams all being bruised together pour to them eight pints of new Milk let them be distilled in common Stills Let the brains of Weathers be distilled with Milk and give of the water three or four ounces thrice in a day Further there are to be used Specifick Remedies so called of which is famous a Decoction of Pimpernel with the purple flower also the tops of Hypericon or St. Iohns-wort and other Decoctions Opiates and Powders of Antilyssâ— are frequently noted among all the famous Empericks Concerning the cure of Madness excited from the biting of venomous or mad Animals for that it is almost only Emperical and commonly known we shall not discourse of it in this place and since we have elsewhere proposed our conjectures concerning it But a Decoction or an Infusion of Apples either raw or boil'd in Spring-water the liquor of Tea Emulsions with many other things whose forms we have shewn in the Cure of Melancholy are convenient in this case Moreover from Chirurgical Remedies besides opening of a Vein many other helps are wont to be had for the curing of this Disease Cupping-glasses with Scarification often help Blisterings Cauteries both actual and potential are praised of many Others commend cutting an Artery others Trepaning or opening the Skull others Salivation But these kind of administrations besides that their effects are uncertain can hardly be performed or not at all safely by reason of the intractability of the sick wherefore it were here superfluous to inquire into the reasons of help or cure to be expected from them The hair being shaven off sometimes it is expedient to apply to the forepart of the Head the hot Lungs of a Lamb or Weather and other Fomentations and so to change them But these sorts of Remedies also are hardly to be applied and repeated methodically because of the reluctancy of the sick and so often afford more hurt than help 3. The vital Indication institutes how mad people ought to be handled concerning their government dyet and sleep In this Disease there is no need of keeping up the flesh as in most other Diseases For the spirits ought not to be refreshed with Cordials nor strength to be restored with Medicines but on the contrary both being too raging of themselves things are to be administer'd as it were for the suppression or extinction of a flame raging above measure Therefore let the diet be slender and not delicate their cloathing course their beds hard and their handling severe and rigid But sleep for that it is very necessary ought to be caused sometimes by Anodynes for which end Hypnotick Remedies or Medicines above prescribed for Melancholy are also convenient in this Disease In inveterate and habitual Madness the sick seldom submit to any Medical Cure but such being placed in Bedlam or an Hospital for Mad people by the ordinary discipline of the place either at length return to themselves or else they are there kept from doing hurt either to themselves or to others There is no need to illustrate the nature of
much more profitably to be given by which when the Blood is poured forth and its serosities plentifully precipitated the nourishment of the Disease is cut off and the bloody Mass being emptied receives part of the Morbific matter so that its reliques are more easily shaken off For this end Take of the best Spirit of Tartar rectified half an ounce let half a dram be given twice or thrice in a day in a spoonful or two of the following Iulep drinking after it five spoonfuls of the same Take of the Water of the leaves of Burdock or of Aron or of Arsmart one pint of the Water of the flowers of Elder and of Chamomil each four ounces of the compound water of Gentian of the compound Water of Raddishes each two ounces of Sugar six drams mix them together After the same manner as the Spirit of Tartar may be given in a just Dose sometimes the Tincture of the Salt of Tartar sometimes the simple mixture or the Spirit of Sal Armoniack succinated or impregnated with Amber Take of Millepedes prepared two drams of the flowers of Sal Armoniack Tartarized one dram of the Oyl of Nutmegs half a scruple of Turpentine what will suffice make a Mass and let it be made into Pilâ—s take three or four once or twice in a day drinking after it a Dose of the Iulep or of the following distilled water five or six spoonfuls Take of fresh Millepedes or Hog-Lice cleansed one pint and a half the outer rind of six Oranges and of four Lemons six Nutmegs let them be cut small and add to them one pound of the crumbs of stale white Bread all being bruised together and well mixed pour to them four pints of new Milk and of Sack one quart let them be distilled according to art and the whole liquor mixed together you may sweeten it with Sugar or the Syrup of Violets as you please In a long and pertinacious Colick to those who are of a more cold temperament and Viscera Purging Spaw Waters or Whey with the Syrup of Violets are wont to be given oftentimes with great help for both liquors where they are agreeable being plentifully drunk refrigerate the stomach and the hot Intestines and presently loosen and help them in their painful Cramps and wrinklings or from the Convulsive winds or blasts that extend them besides they chiefly help as I suppose for that they tame and subdue the Saline Particles of another nature insinuating themselves into the Morbific Mine and other Saline and irritative Particles inhabiting it and oftentimes carry them forth by Purging In this Disease as all things are not convenient for all men yea neither the same thing always for the same person there is dayly need of the careful observation of a prudent Physician that by the co-indications from things taken that hurt or help a right method of healing may be instituted and varied as occasion serves 2. The Vital Indication ought to be joyned to the Curatory and that between whiles For when the sick being afflicted with torture watching Vomiting and abstinence almost continual often fall into languishment and sometimes in danger of their lives Remedies which sustain strength refresh the Spirits and procure some truces against the fierceness of the Disease to wit Cardiacks or Cordials and Hypnoticks or such as cause rest have here their turns Take of the Water of the flowers of Chamomil and of Elder each four ounces of Barlyed Cinnamon and of the whole Citron each two ounces of Pearl powdered one dram of Sugar three drams make a Iulep take of it five or six spoonfuls Take of the Powder of Pearl and of Crabs Eyes each one dram let it be divided into four parts let one part be given twice or thrice in a day with the Iulep or with a Decoction of the roots of Contrayerva Take of the Conserve of Clove-Gilliflowers one ounce of the Confection de Hyacintho of Alchermes each two drams of Pearl powdered half a dram of the Syrup of the juice of Citrons what will suffice make a Confection give of it the quantity of a Nutmeg three or four times in a day with the Iulep In less hot Constitutions Spirits of Harts-horn of Sut of Sal Armoniack impregnated with Amber also the Tincture of Antimony or of Coral do oftentimes give notable help Opiates are of necessary use in the Disease of the Colick without which the sick cannot live nor the Physicians nor those who attend them be at quiet or have any leasure time Take of the water of Cowslip flowers three ounces of the Syrup of Poppies half an ounce of Aqua Mirabilis two drams mix them and make a draught to be given going to sleep If the pains be very strong and yield to no such Remedy prepared Opium and its compositions ought to be given The Laudanum of Paracelsus or the London Laudanum Pills of Styrax or of Hounds-tongue are convenient a Solution of Tartarisated Opium from sixteen to twenty grains is much used by me Which Medicine indeed I have given with very good success to some that for a long time have been miserably vexed with this Disease sometimes a great while every night or every other night 3. The Preservatory Indication hath only place in the intervals of the fits and endeavours the taking away the present foregoing cause of the Disease and hindring it for the future so that the fits of the pains may seldom or never afterwards return For which end the Blood and the nervous liquor ought to be purified leâ—t they should beget the morbific matter and conserved in its due temper and the Brain and the nervous Infoldings of the Abdomen corroborated leâ—t they should too readily receive it For these ends a strict dyet being ordered let them enter into a course of Physick Spring and Fall such as we prescribed for the prevention of the Gout Vomiting in this case is never to be omitted if it be agreeable to wit by which the Emunctories of the Viscera being emptied the Recrements of the Blood and the nervous Liquor which otherwise would augment the morbific matter may be received more plentifully besides the nervous Infoldings and all the parts are so shaken that nothing of that which is about to go into the Mine of the Disease is suffered to stagnate or to be heaped up there Let Purging for three or four times with due intervals and also in a hot Constitution Phlebotomy be celebrated moreover let altering Remedies and especially Chalybeats or such as are made out of Steel when they do not Purge be daily taken at medical hours But before all other Remedies whatsoever the drinking of Mineral Waters such as come from Iron for a month in the Summer time is wont to give the greatest help But when these are drunk you must take heed that they be rendred well and quickly by Urine or Stool lest if they should chance to stay long in the body
in the fault more often other humors being carried by its passage to the Head and there disposed cause the hurt Therefore when ever the Serous Colluvies or heap goes out from the Blood as was shown but now it causes Headaches frequently the signs of which are Catarrhs about other parts viz. the Nose Mouth or Throat being infested with them then abstinency and rest is to be ordered and that the belly be emptied by a Clyster for the allaying the flux of the Serum and that the matter be suffered to evaporate from the Membranes of the Head if these do not succeed and that the Headach ceases not quickly and of its own accord oftentimes in a more hot Constitution Phlebotomy is convenient to wit because the Vessels being emptied of Blood sup up the extravasated Serum But in frigid tempers Vesicatories or Blisters are of notable use applied to the hinder-part of the Head or nigh the Ears Then after the Belly is emptied by a Clyster the Flux may be allayed by the use of Anodynes or more gentle opiats that being allayed it may be convenient to exhibit a gentle Purge then Medicines which either move by Urine or Sweat or by both together that so they may gently evacuate the superfluous Serosities Medicines fit for this purpose may be every where found in Books which notwithstanding are not to be made use of by Empericks rashly and without distinction but ought to be designed according to the judgment and skill of a prudent Physician always having a respect to the Constitution the temperament and proper disposition of the Patient and to other accidents and circumstances and to be compounded or altered according as the matter requires yea sometimes to be prescribed extempore Wherefore since it will be altogether needless here to heap up many Receipts and a great pile of Medicines it shall be sufficient to propose in this place one or two forms only of every sort of Medicines respecting the chief intentions Take Pills of Amber half a dram Resine of Ialap four grains of Peruvian Balsam what will suffice to make four Pills let three be taken when the Patient goes to sleep and the other in the morning if they work not enough Or Take of sulphurated Scammony half a scruple of the Ceruse of Antimony fifteen grains of the Cream of Tartar eight grains make a Powder to be taken in a spoonful of Grewel early in the morning Take of the Sulphur of Antimony four grains of the Refine of Ialap five grains of the Cream of Tartar six grains bruise them together and with what will suffice of the Conserve of Violets make a Bolus to be taken early in the morning with care or by government Take of the Roots of Butchers-Broom Burdocks Cherefoil Avens each one ounce of preserv'd Eryngo an ounce and an half of the Florentine Iris three drams of the lesser Galangal a dram and an half of the Seeds of Burdock three drams of the dryed leaves of Betony Sage Vervine female Betony each half an handful of Raisins of the Sun stoned two ounces boil these in four pints of fair water till a third part be consumed then add to it of white Wine half a pound strain it and sweeten it if need be with syrup of the Five Roots two ounces take of this six ounces warm twice or thrice in a day a good while after meals For such as are indued with a more Cold and Phlegmatick Constitution the like Decoction of the Wood of Guaicum Sasafrass Sarsaparilla with the addition of the aforesaid Ingredients make an Apozem of which take six or eight Ounces twice or thrice in a day warm For the poor and oftentimes with good success for the rich I was wont to prescribe a Decoction of the dry'd leaves sometimes of Sage or Betony Vervine or Rosemary made of Spring-water and impregnated with the tincture of the Powder of the Berries of Coffee taken warm twice a day about six or eight Ounces 3. If that with the running out Serum Saline Acid Bilous or otherways Infestous particles received either wholely from the Mass of Blood or by its means from the Viscera are carried into the Membranes of the Head and being there fixed bring forth great acute and continual pains then it will be convenient to iterate spareingly the taking away of Blood yea and sometime a gentle Purge to apply cooling Medicines Anodynes and sweetners to the distemper'd places so oftentimes also to exhibite more gentle Hypnoticks or Medicines causing sleep at every turn also Apozems and the Juices of Herbs pressed forth which allay the fervour of Choler carry it forth gently by Stool or Urine and are of known use but in the mean time more sharp Medicines or the more strong whether they be purgative working by Sweat or Urine helping it for that they too much fuse and shake the Blood and Humors are carefully to be shunned I have frequently observed in those labouring with an acute and pertinacious pain in the Head the Serum swimming in the Blood being let forth to be dyed with a yellowness or Bilous Recrements being boiled in it also in this case let Phlebotomy be sparingly but often celebrated and the drinking Whey or Spaw-waters plentifully have helped before any thing else 4. Further by the fault of any Inward as the Stomach Liver Spleen or Womb or of any other by reason of the transmission of an evil Ferment the parts of the Head suffer then in the Cure of the Disease Remedies for the Spleen are to be given with Cephalicks or such as are proper to the Head Hence the Stomach being also in the fault these often times are helpful to such as are troubled with Headaches Elixir Proprietatis the Elixir of Vitriol of Mynsich the sacred Tincture Vitriol of Steel the Powder of Aron Compound and others ordinarily had for the Stomach for others whose heads partake of the evils of the Spleen Chalybeats or Medicines made of Steel often yield help Some Women troubled with Headaches have felt ease from Hysterical Remedies In like manner when the vices of other parts contribute to the Head-ach let there be joyned with the former shown you things to be taken for those parts 5. Sometimes the nourishing Juice as we showed already is the cause of the periodical Headach viz. forasmuch as this being poured on the Blood and not rightly assimilated by reason of disagreeing particles causes a swelling up in it so that the Blood boiling up into the Head carries its leavings or superfluities into the Meninges or into some of their predisposed parts and by this means stir up the Fibres into painful Convulsions I have known many for this cause to have been obnoxious to dayly Headaches whose Mass of Blood hath been vitiated after the Small Pox Measels and other Feavours and sicknesses viz. so many hours after eating sometimes sooner and sometimes later first a flushing of redness in the
own accord many have been of the opinion that the cause of this Disease most commonly lyes hid in the stomach but it is much otherways and as we have elsewhere shewed Vomiting frequently follows upon the Spirits being disturbed in the Brain But that Vomits help much in this Disease the reason is because this kind of Physick causes a great revulsion of the humors from the Brain and very much restrains the Spirits tumultuating in it When the Membranes and Fibres of the Ventricle and Viscera planted nigh them are pulled various humors viz. the nervous serous watery pancratick and cholerick are drawn into those parts and so squeesed forth so that the Head being freed from their flowing to it doth easily shake off from it many impacted there before then as to the Animal Spirits we have shewed somewhere that there is a most intimate commerce and agreement between those inhabiting the stomach and those dwelling in the Brain to wit that therefore the grateful or ingrateful affection of the Ventricle from things taken into it might bring rejoycing or dejection to the Spirits dwelling in the Brain Opiates whilst they lye in the stomach cause sleep in like manner it doth not a little help in the Vertigo and other Cephalick Diseases whereby the Spirits of the Brain wandring up and down and agitated enormously may be repressed and returned into order if their Companions or Kindred be striken down by the working of the Medicine because whilst many are called forth from the Brain to their assistance the others remaining remitting their disorders resume their wonted offices or functions without doubt it is for this reason chiefly Emeticks bring so often help in the Distemper of madness so that Empericks do almost only use them 2. But to return from our digression let us consider what is to be done for the Curing of an inveterate and almost continual Vertigo out of the fit Therefore first a method being instituted concerning bleeding and purging according to the constitution and strength of the Patient and after rest to be repeated let a Vomit also by my advice be taken once a month if nothing to the contrary hinders it for which end let there be given to the weaker after the stomach is filled with slippery Meats Wine and Oxymel of Squils to about two or three ounces and after it let a great quantity of Posset-drink be drunk with Carduus boiled in it that the Patient may vomit of himself or by provocation To others may be given an Emetick of the Salt of Vitriol or the Sulphur of Antimony or of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum as concerning Issues Blisterings the bleeding at the Hemorrhoidal Veins Plasters or quilted Caps to be worn upon the Head or other Topicks to be applied to the soals of the Feet or to the wrists for revulsion or derivation sake let the Physician deliberate Take of the Conserve of the Flowers â—f the male Poeony fix ounces of the Powder of its Root one ounce of the Seeds of Poeony powder'd two drams of Amber Coral Pearls powder'd of each two drams and a half of the Salt of Coral one dram of the Syrup of Coral what will suffice to make an Electuary the Dose is one dram and an half or two drams Evening and Morning drinking after it of the following distilled water three ounces Take of the fresh leaves of Misleto six handfuls of the root of the male Poeony and of Angellico each one pound and an half of the whitest dung of the Peacock two pound of Cardamoms bruised two ounces of Castâ—r three drams all being cut small and mixt together pour to them eight pints either of White Wine or Whey made of it Let them be distilled in fit Stills and the whole liquor mixed together Take of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony half an ounce of red Coral prepared of Species Diambrae each one dram and a half of the Powder of the Flowers of the male Poeony fresh bruised and dryed in the Sun one dram make a Powder to which add of the whitest Sugar dissolved in the water of Poeony and boiled to the consistence of Tablets ten ounces of this make Lozenges according to art each weighing half a dram eat one or two of them often in a day Because all things are not convenient to all Men and that the Physician ought to try diverse Medicines and institute various methods and to try now this now that therefore we shall here add some other forms of another kind Take of our Syrup of Steel six ounces and drink a spoonful of it in the Morning and at five in the Evening with the distilled water but now described or any other Cephalick to the quantity of three ounces or take of our Tincture of Steel from fifteen to twenty drops in a draught of the same distilled water twice in a day I have known this to have given notable help to many Let there be given daily after the same manner Doses sometimes of the Spirit of Sut Harts-born or of Sal Armoniack impregnated with Coral Amber or the Skull of a Man or of the Tincture of Antimony Amber or Coral Take of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony one ounce and an half of the Seeds of Poeony Coral prepared and of the whitest Amber each three drams of Pearls prepared of the Powder of the Flowers of the male Poeony fresh bruised and dryed in the Sun of each two drams of Sugar-Candy one ounce make a Powder and take one dram twice in a day with a draught of Tea or Coffee or a Decoction of Sage or Rosemary For poor people may be prescribed Powder of the leaves of the Apple-tree Misleto dryed in the Sun and powder'd to the quantity of a dram to be taken twice in a day Or take of the whitest Peacocks dung six ounces of the Powder of the Flowers of the male Poeony one ounce of Sugar two ounces make a Powder of which let them take a spoonful twice in a day in some convenient liquor Let those troubled with the Vertigo drink for their ordinary drink small Ale with leaves of the Orchard Misleto boiled in it instead of Hops and in the Vessel holding about four gallons let a little bag be hanged in which put half a pint of Peacocks dung and three drams of Cloves bruised Examples of those labouring with the Vertigo are so frequently met withal and almost daily that there seems no need to add here any but however that the image or type of this Disease may be known I shall only mention some few and more rare cases A Divine about sixty years of age after he had been troubled for about three months with a light Vertigo or as it were a frequent coruscation or brandishing of the Spirits in the fore part of the Head at length the Disease growing worse he became ready to fall and with a darkness before his eyes
in a proper Broth. Take of the Syrup of Steel four ounces take of it one spoonful twice in a day in a proper Vehicle Take of the Extract of Steel of our Steel prepared with a proper Decoction three drams of the Powder of Ivory of yellow Saunders of Lignum Aloes each half a dram of the Salt of Tartar two scruples of Ammoniacum dissolved in the Water of Worms what will suffice to make a mass let it be made into small Pills let three or four be taken every Evening drinking after it three ounces of the water of Apples or of Cowslip flowers Whey if it agrees with the stomach being drunk very plentifully for many days for the same reason as Spaw-waters viz. by washing out the Salt and Sulphureous particles of the Melancholick blood is often given with success Whey with Epithimum infused in it or boiled in it is highly praised by some Let Broths be made of a boiled Pullet with the roots of Polypodium Chervil Fenil Butchers Broom and the leaves of Ceterach Harts Tongue Scolopendria c. take a draught of it in the Morning and at five of the Clock in the Afternoon in which dissolve of the Vitriol of Steel six grains to ten of the Salt of Wormwood and of the Cream of Tartar each a scruple The Iuices of Herbs and their expressions bring sometimes notable help to the taking away the Discrasâ—e of the Blood Take of the leaves of Borage of Water-Cresses each six handfuls two Apples pared the Pulp of two Oranges and of white Sugar one ounce let them be all bruised together and pour to them of the best Cyder a pint and an half make an expression very strongly and let it be kept in a glass The Dose is four ounces twice or thrice in a day In the summer time a Bath of sweet water for that it wipes away the filth impacted in the Pores of the skin and moves transpiration insensibly is very profitable to some Because Melancholick persons sleep but badly and from long and frequent waking become worse therefore Anodynes and sometimes the more gentle Hypnoticks when there is need may be prescribed to be taken late at night for this end are convenient a Decoction of Cowslip flowers or of the leaves of Lettice or the water of red Poppies or the Syrup of the same Further Emulsions of the Seeds of the white Poppy of the Syrup de Meconio and others that are only agreeable and cherishing of the Spirits As there is an infinite Company of Melancholicks as well as of Fools therefore we shall illustrate our Hypothesis with two Examples only in one of which the Disease begins from the sensitive part of the Soul or the Animal Spirits and the other from its Vital part to wit from the Blood Sometime since a noted person about forty years of Age of a florid countenance chearful and nimble about any business being afflicted in his mind by reason of a certain affair and very much dejected he became thereupon very sad Melancholick and with a dark and cast down countenance When I went first to visit him he complained of a manifold hurry and distraction of thoughts which were so many that he was busâ—ed in his Phantasie almost night and day continually he lived without any sleep Nor were these cares concerning the commonweal or the proper business of his Family nor about the health of his Soul or of his Body was he at all solicitous but was rather troubled perpetually about small matters and of no moment He was so fearful of all things that he presaged loss or death immediately to happen to him upon every small accident And lastly he was so sad as if he would contend in weeâ—â—â—â— with Heraclitus Further he laboured with such a straitness of Heart and so gâ—â—â—â— a constriction that he seemed to feel all his Praecordia to be drawn together like a Purse and he thought that there still lay there an immense burthen and mighty weight under which he imagined he could not go unless stopping towards the Earth Whilst he talked and discoursed with his Friends this constriction of the Praecordia and the weight did somewhat remit but then again they were wont to be repeated more vehemently shaking for fear at any unaccustomed object Nor did he labour only in his Praecordia but with a certain constriction in his whole Body besides and as if a certain burthen lay on the region of his Loins and also on his shoulders and arms The reasons of these Symptoms are clear enough from our Hyphothesis As to the Cure after various Medicines being given without any success I at last perswaded because it was then Summer time that she should drink of our Artificial Spaw Waters for a fortnight Therefore first two quarts of Spring-water being poured upon half a dram of our prepared Steel for a night and afterwards as much in four quarts of water the sick man every morning drunk the clear liquor and within four or five hours he rendered the greatest part of it by Urine He took besides going to sleep and early in the morning a Dose of an appropriate Electuary such as is above described with a Cephalick Iulep within two months he became much better and afterwards by degrees returned to himself Whilst I was writing these a young Noble man being lately returned from his Travels beyond Sea and becoming unhealthy put himself upon our care This person being formerly indued with a Sanguine and chearful temperament splendid in his appearance as also with an acute wit and of a ready ingenuity whilst he travelled in the Countries abroad but one Summer living in Spain he felt a great alteration in himself from the great heats in that place for first of all from the frequent heatings of his Blood he became obnoxious to an heat arising in the palms of his hands and in the bottoms of his feet with prickings over all his body which in a short time vanished Then he found him self very bad as to his Appetite and Sleep moreover being dull and sad he began not to mind yea sometimes to avoid any pleasant business or the converse of his Friends At length his indisposition daily increasing without any evident cause or real trouble of mind he became Melancholick so that being ever thoughtful fearful and sad nothing could delight him for his studies exercises travelling conversation with learned men or any other thing which he before delighted in now became to him a trouble and a terror After this manner being distemper'd for two years he was so changed from himself as if he were another Man For his Cure he had consulted the most skilful Physicians in Spain France and Holland and lastly in England and had tryed several methods of healing almost without any benefit The Melancholick distemper of his blood at first contracted by the intemperature of the Air still remaining and afforded to the Animal regiment Spirits
cherished notwithstanding the frequent and almost continual troubles of the Disease 1. The first Indication to wit the allaying of the pains contains these two chief intentions to wit that the breach of the unity be taken away and in the mean time that the irritation or the growing hot of the Fibres or of the Spirits flowing in them may be quieted or appeased 1. For the taking away of the breach of the unity in the distemper'd places both the flowings of the humors which are apt to tend thither ought to be hindred and the Mine already impacted to be dissipated and shaken off and its Particles suppressed from their mutual effervescencies or growing hot For these ends are destinated evacuating and altering Remedies and of either both internal and external We shall here add some forms of these and the more select ways of administration in their order Phlebotomy or letting of Blood in a fresh Gout or not very inveterate and especially in a more hot constitution being used about the beginning of the Disease doth often bring help but in an habitual Disease and in a frigid temperament and old age it is wont to be more hurtful than profitable because it depresses the vigor of the Blood and of the Spirits not too much raging without a lessening of the Morbific matter The business is very much controverted concerning Purging about the beginning of the Disease whilst some Physicians most strictly abstain from all Purging before the declination or end of the fit others on the contrary constantly give strong Purges about the beginning of the Disease and oftentimes with good success The reason of the difference seems to be placed chiefly in this to wit because some Gouty persons are yet firm in the constitution and tone of the humors and the Vessels containing them and being not yet weakned in their joints as often as the Blood and nervous Liquor are disturbed by Medicines their superfluities and recrements are not presently precipitated into the Mine of this Disease yea these being provoked by the Medicine and also obeying the incitement are drawn forth by the moâ—ths of the Arteries into the cavities of the Intestines and in the mean time the Vessels being emptied they draw or sup back a certain part of the Morbific Matter But it is otherwise in tender and weak Constitutions for from the least commotion of the Medicine the purgings of either humor fall down into the Gouty place Therefore to whom Purging is convenient it ought to be instituted with the more strong Medicines and Elaterium For this matter these are of known use The Electuary Caryacostinum The Purging Syrup de Ramno Pills of Hermodâ—ctyls The Compounded Pill ex Duobus The Pill of Rhasis which if we may believe the Author will quickly make the sick to walk Take of the best Aloes half an ounce of red Roses two scruples of Hermodâ—ctils barkt one dram and a half of Diagridium one dram of Honey of Roses what will suffice make a Pill Roderick of Fonseca wonderfully crys up the root of black Hellebore and among other things an Apple with its small strings put into it to about half a dram roasted under the ashes and so eaten Take of Calowelâ—nos one scruple of the Resine of Ialap three grains or of Scammony three grains of the Oyl of Cloves one grain of the Baâ—som of Peru what will suffice make thâ—re or four Pills for one Dose In the time of Purging it will be of some moment perhaps as Solenander advises to restrain the falling down of the humors into those places by a Plaster or other defensive Medicine laid upon the distemper'd places Vomiting to whom it is wont to be safe and easie may be also convenient in this Disease for which end the Emetick Tartar of Mynsicht the Sulphur of Antimony or its Flowers Mercurious Vitae Vinum Emeticum Gambogia may be administer'd But in the Goutish fit the Powders of Stones Bones and Shells as also of sharp Vegetables do help which being called the Alexiteria of this Disease subjugate all the Particles and by growing hot with them do as it were mortifie them and at last they being overcome they carry them forth either by Urine or Sweat Take of the Powder of Crabs claws compounded two drams of Ivory of the Root of Cretick Dittany of the Root of male Poeony each one dram of the Wood of Aloes of yellow Saunders each half a dram make a Powder let it be taken half a dram or a dram either by it self in a spoonful of red Poppy Water drinking after it six spoonfuls of the same or let it be reduced into a Bolus or Pills with Andromach Treacle or Venice Turpentine what will suffice the Dose one dram twice a day drinking after it of the distalled Water afterwards described two or three ounces Or Take of the same Powder six drams of the Conserves of Gilliflowers and of Betony each one ounce and a half of Diascordium one dram of the Syrup of Poppies what will suffice make an Electuary the Dose one dram to two Evening and Morning In the mean time while these things are doing besides altering Medicines and allaying have their turns for the calling away to some other place the flowing of the Morbific matter into the places distemper'd or for the carrying it forth such as may allay the swelling up of the Blood and the nervous Juice and stop the Fluxions of the Recrements falling from them for this end a slender diet and spoon meat if it be convenienâ— being ordered let Emulsions Iulepâ— and Apozems made of gentle things and Anodynes be prescribed As to what belongs to the other intentions of healing viz. the Discussion of the impacted Mine and for the â—llaying the burning or growing hot of the Fibres and the Spirits this latter must be endeavoured without which being performed the other intention will not satisfie for this end therefore it is expedient to give both external Medicines viz. Topicks of a various kind as also internal viz. Hypnoticks For that there are an immense company of Topicks these are only Anodynes which respect only the pain by it self or are such as aim at this together and the tumor or they are repelling or resolving and discussing There are various Formula's of every one of these and ways of administrations But the chief in use are Fomentations Pultesses and Plasters of these we shall shew the most celebrious and first of all Anodyne Applications which please the Fibres with a certain delight For this use the most common practice with the vulgar are 〈◊〉 or Pultesses of Milk and 〈◊〉 of Bread or of those with a Muccage or jelly of the leaves and of the roots of Mallows and Marsh-mallowes and such like Others praise a Pultesse of the fresh dung of a Cow applied warm Take of the Water of Nightshade and of the Sperm of Frogs each six ounces mingle them Lint
use and in a long time together with an exact method or Government concerning the fix non-naturals often bring great help in this rank the chief are Medidicines indued with a Volatile Salt and Balsamick Sulphur forasmuch as these exalt the fixed Salt and reduce what is Acetous besides bitter and astringent things as these Herbs Chamaepitys Centaury Germander the Roots of Gentian and Aristolochia or Birthwort c. as by experience has been approved of in this Disease for this reason seem to be profitable because they help the offices of Concoction and Chylification or making of Chyle and restrain the Saline fixed feculencies or dregs that they may not be carried into the Blood We shall here set down some forms of each of them Take of the Powder of Chamaepitys six drams of Crabs Eyes two drams of Venice Turpentine what will suffice make small Pills take three or four Morning and Evening for thirty or forty days drinking after them of the following distilled water two or three ounces Take of the leaves of Cypress Tree of the Ash and of Misleto of the Apple tree each six handfuls of the roots of sweet smelling Avens Burdock each one pound the outer rinds of ten Oranges and of six Lemons of Nutmegs and Mace each one ounce let them be all cut and bruised and pour to them seven pints of new Milk and of Malaga one pint let them be distilled according to art and the whole liquor mixed together Or let there be a simple Water prepared of the leaves of Burdock by pouring it twice or thrice upon fresh leaves Take of the Powder of the Seeds of Burdock six drams of Crabs Eyes two drams of Nutmeg half a dram of Capive Balsom what will suffice to make a Mass which form into small Pills let four be taken Evening and Morning for many days Take of the Tincture of Antimony one ounce the Dose twenty drops to twenty five Evening and Morning with three ounces of the water but now described For poor people I was wont to prescribe after this manner Take of the Powder of the leaves of Sage half a pound of Crabs Eyes and of the Sugar of Crystal each two ounces mix them let it be kept in a Glass and take one spoonful twice in a day with a draught of a Decoction of the leaves of Sage or of the roots of the Burdock Or of the Powder of Dorncrellius prescribed to be taken after the same manner Take of the Powder of the leaves of Germander of Gout Ivy of the lesser Centaury of Marjoram of Sage of Betony of the roots of Gentian and of round Birthwort each one ounce of Sugar one pound mix them and make a Powder Or of the Powder of John Anglicus called by himself Saracenick Take of the Powder of the leaves of Chamaepitys one ounce the bones of a Mans foot burnt two drams of Liquorish three drams mix them For ordinary drink let there be prepared a Bochet of Sarsaparilla of Saunders wood of Rhodium shavings of Ivory Harts-horn c. or let there be prepared small Ale in a Vessel holding about four gallons instead of Hops let their be boiled the leaves of Germander and Chamaepitys and after it has work'd put into it of the leaves of dry Sage four handfuls of Sassaphras two ounces of the roots of sweet smelling Avens eight ounces Among Altering Medicines a Milk dyet has not the last place that the Patient should use for three or four Months no other food let him drink Morning and Evening new Milk from the Cow about noon and at other times let him eat white Bread boiled in Barly or Water-gruel of Oatmeal I have known some by this kind of dyet to have received notable help but others to have received much hurt or to grow worse by the use of Milk and the Gout being nothing cured to have contracted great obstructions of the Viscera and a Cachochimical disposition or fulness of evil humors Therefore this method is not rashly to be entered upon without the counsel of a prudent Physician and by a sedulous observation whether it be convenient or not Of late it has been a common custom for people having the Gout to drink every Morning their own Urine which I know has been beneficial to some The reason of which help seems to be because the Saline Latex of the Vrine passing thorow the Blood doth carry with it to the Reins the Saline fixed Particles that were before wont to be carried into the joints Wherefore this method when it is helpful to the distemper of the Gout for the most part encreases the Stone which I think sufficiently appears from the following History A very Learned and Pious Man of this Nation and also the glory of Learned Men Dr. H. H. after he had lived for many years grievously obnoxious to freqent fits of pains of Vomiting and a making of bloody Urine at length by the constant use of the following Remedies he lived above seven years almost free from the Stone and without any grievous Fit The method of Cure which had been taught him by a certain Gentleman was after this manner without any Physick or medicine abstaining from Wine and Cyder he drank for his ordinary drink small Ale made of Oaten Malt further once in a week in the Morning he took a draught of the same Ale to about a pint with the Powder of small old rotten Bones three spoonfuls dissolved in it By the use of these within a few months he seemed to be in health and freed from the Stone but shortly after he began to be sick of the Gout and was infested with most grievous Fits of it all the time he was free from the Stone and at length upon every light occasion was become so obnoxious to them that presently after feeding if he exercised either his body or mind by walking or study he most certainly expected the Fits of his pains The reason of which was because the Blood being filled to a plenitude with Saline fixed Particles and the nervous Liquor still with Acetous when being incited and also poured forth on the fresh nutritious juice they grew turgid presently they deposed their superfluities viz. the Morbific matter of either kind into the very weak Joints This venerable person therefore being tyred out with so frequent and almost continual torture by the counsel of a certain Friend drank every morning of his own Urine by the use of which within a month or two he was less tormented with the goutish Fits but with an evil turn the Distemper of the Stone began to grow again upon him for he was from thence troubled with a pain about his Loins with Vomiting and a pain in making water and a little after a total suppression of Urine followed which being not to be helped by any Remedies in about a fortnights time this Reverend Gentleman dyed The Carcase being opened all the Viscera except the
let there be prepared Carminative Decoctions or such as expel wind or bitter Decoctions in which are dissolved Electuary Diacatholicon Diaphoenicon or of Laurel berries or Species Hierae Also to these Liquors it is usual to add the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum three or four ounces or of the Emollient Decoction one pint add of Venice Treacle dissolved with the yolk of an Egg one ounce or an ounce and a half or Take of sound Vrine one pint of Venice Turpentine dissolved one ounce and a half of Molossus one ounce mix them and make a Clyster I have known this oftentimes to bring great help the reason of which seems to be for that the Balsamick Particles of the Turpentine comfort the Intestines and besides being received by the Blood in the Veins and with it circulated thorow the whole Body moves the Urine so that by such a Clyster plenty of water follows and always is rendred with a smell like Violets Perhaps also the Particles of the Turpentine being every where diffused either move the stagnating Morbific matter or incline the acetous or otherways degenerate to a better disposition Whilst the Intestines are thus washed with Clysters and are cherished within Fomentations are likewise to be applied to the outer parts of the Belly Take of the leaves of both the Mallows of Mercury of Pellitory each four handfuls of the Flowers of Elder Chamomil and Melilot each two handfuls the head of a Sheep cut in pieces Let them be boiled in as much Spring-water as will suffice strain it and use it for a Fomentation with hot linnen stuphes dipt in it and wrung forth and shifting them apply them by turns Repeating them as often as the more strong pains do come upon them In the intervals Pultesses or Oyntments may be administer'd Make a Pultess of bruised Herbs adding to it of oaten meal what will suffice which may be laid to the belly covering it with little square bags made for that purpose Let one of these at a time be made hot in a pan set over hot coals with the Oyl of Earth-worms or of Frogs lay them on warm shifting them as soon as one grows cold Or Take of the Oyl of Earth-worms or of Frogs what will suffice and anoint the pained part after the Fomentation and lay upon it a thin sheet of fine brown paper dipt in it The Caul of a Lamb or the Lungs or the Inwards of any other Beast being laid warm to the Belly and so shifted sometimes wonderfully eases the pain I have observed in some Constitutions and temperaments that Fomentations or Bathings made of hot things and applied hot have rather made the pains worse than eased them wherefore in these cases it will seem good to prescribe Fomentations of the solutions of Nitre or of Sal Armoniack or other Chymical Liquors as in the pains of the Gout and sometimes as Septalius says of pure cold water But if the torments of the Belly do not remit by the use of these Hypnoticks must be used which being given in a just Dose oftentimes give great truces In the mean time that the tired Spirits may be refreshed and strength preserved there must be yet instituted a farther provision against the Disease Take of liquid Landanum Tartarisated from sixteen drops to twenty let it be given going to sleep in a spoonful of the water of Chamomil flowers drinking after it six spoonfuls of the same water Let it be repeated every other or every third night if the pains be very great In a more hot Constitution Take of the water of Chamomil flowers three ounces of the Syrup of Poppies half an ounce of Aqua mirabilis two drams make a draught to be taken at the hour of Sleep In the mean time whilst these things are doing for the allaying the pains evacuating Remedies have their turns for the discussing or at least for the loosning the matter impacted in the morbid nests to wit that both the Colick Mine may be wholly extirpated and also that the supplements or its cherishment be cut off that they may not more increase For these ends a Vomit where it is convenient and a gentle purging ought to be ordered and also in an hot temperament where there is a Feavour or where it is feared letting of Blood Take of the Sulphur of Antimony from five grains to seven or eight of the Conserves of Borrage one Dram let it be given in the Morning with government In this case may be given according to the judgment of the Physician present either an Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae The Emerick Tartar of Mynsicht the expression of the leaves of Asarum and in more tender Constitutions Salt of Vitriol and Wine and Oxymel of Squills Purges must be given only in a small Dose and such as are choice lest they move a nauseousness in the stomach of the sick Take of the Resine of Ialap of Scammony each five grains of the Cream of Tartar one scruple of Cinnamon powdered four grains make a Powder or let it be reduced into Pills or into a Bolus with the Conserves of the Flowers of Borrage or Damask Roses Take of Scammony sulphurated half a scruple of the Cream of Tartar fifteen grains of Diaphoretick Antimony one scruple make a Powder and let it be given after the same manner If there be not a Feavour a Dose of Stomach Pills cum Gummi may be given or of Amber by it self or with the Resine of Ialap Take of Pill Rudii twenty five Grains or half a dram of Laudamon one grain make four Pills let them be taken at the hour of rest These at first cause sleep and Purge in the morning Or Take of Calomelanos one scruple of the Resine of Ialap six grains of Scammony four grains of Ammoniacum what will suffice make four Pills to be taken going to rest In a long and tedious Colick when all other Remedies help little or nothing I have often known this Medicine being once or twice given to have moved Salivation with the greatest ease to the sick For when the morbific matter being heaped together and thorowly impacted in the nervous Infoldings and other places about the Abdomen could not be moved by any other Medicines the Mercurial Particles every way unfolding themselves easily dissolve it and divide it into small bits and drive it up and down hither and thither and at length wholly dissipate it Wherefore in a long and pertinacious Colick a gentle Salivation sometimes may be very happily administer'd Baths and Sweating Medicines are ordinarily wont to be prescribed in the pains of the Colick but as to our observation very rarely with success For that these by shaking the Blood and nervous humor cause them to lay up still more matter into the Colick Mine yea and that matter there deposited to grow more hot and raging and very rarely wholly shake it off Diureticks are wont
to be for that of the Chimney Wherefore because the vital humour which is not at all or only slowly Circulated cannot be carried all quickly to one Fire-place of accension as in more perfect Creatures therefore very many Lungs gaping every where outwardly and dispersed every where inwardly are framed for the bringing of Air to the several portions of the vital humour planted on all sides for that not only the Heart but also the Ventricle Genitals spinal marrow and all the other parts of the Soul dispersed growing with a kind of silent Fire are inspired with the admitted Air to every one a part Besides when as the vital humour cannot be Circulated into all the other parts and from these into that with a rapid motion therefore instead of a Conick Muscle which receiving the watering juyce may be able to explode it presently and to cast it forth a great way on every side a Tube or as it were a membranaceous Sack or Bag is made to wit which by a long tract stretching it self nigh to all the parts and to which it might by degrees bestow what might suffice and in the mean time gently moving the provision chiefly contained in it self preserves from stagnation or putrefaction Further the little Branches of the Trachaea deeply inserted into the Membranes or Coats of this inspire or rather inkindle the humour contained with vitality As to the aquatick bloodless Creatures of the other kind viz. some soft Fishes also many perhaps all shelly and crusty Fishes I have not yet happened to see the former but Severinus being my Author the Sepia or Cuttle Fish is made with an heart and gills and the Polypus or many feet with it and Lungs what is to be met with that is more curious in the framing of them shall be omitted Concerning the other two Fishes to wit the shelly and crusty we shall add some Anatomical Observations such as we have search'd out in their vital parts and other beginnings truly weighed and what the souls are of these sort of bloodless Creatures Of the testaceous or shelly though it hath been dissected by many we shall make choice of the Oyster The body of this Fish though it seems rude and wholy without shape yet it hath all its Viscera and parts and especially the Praecordia for as it were the hearth and Tunnel of the Vital Fire most curiously framed As we shall describe some of the chief of these we will begin with the shells which are born with them from Eggs and are first soft and as they encrease in bulk they are by degrees hardned A robust Muscle being implanted in the middle of the Oyster grows by its tendons to either shell The moving Fibres of these which seem as it were a little bundle of Chords or Strings ascending rightly whil'st they are drawn together strictly shut up the shells but being relaxed they suffer them to be opened and lifted up to which Office of opening the shells another Muscle adjoyned to this is required Besides these upright Muscles and perpendicular to the planes of the shells there are two Circular stretched forth by the brims of either shell which in the same place comprehending in themselves Gills serve chiefly for their motion as we shall shew by and by On the top of the Oyster the Circular Muscles being united make a thing as it were a Vail for the covering of the head then being a little divided below they include four superiour Gills In the middle of which a gaping chink leads by an oblique process to the mouth of the Oyster From the Mouth there is a short and strait passage to the Ventricle The Cavity of this large enough is endued with little holes leading into darkish bodies fixed on either side of it These bodies seem to be in the stead of the Mesentery and Liver and to perform their offices to wit for that they receive the more pure part of the Chyle by and by from the Ventricle and deliver it being made clear from dreggs to the vital humour The like is in crustaceous Fishes and perhaps in some Brutes to wit in such as a simple and only Intestine without folds and Meseraick or milky Vessels is produced from the Pylorus to the great Gut or Ars-hole For so in the Oyster the Intestine beginning from the bottom of the Ventricle descends with a plain and equal Tube towards the right Angle of the streight Muscle where being rolled and retorted in it self it ascends again towards the Ventricle and Liver being from thence demersed and bending back towards the left side goes towards the border of the strait Muscle till it ends in the great Gut or Ars-hole After this manner in the Oyster a simple and only Intestine is carryed about with a most long compass more than in many other Animals by which indeed they may be able the longer to retain their Dung to wit lest that when they are dry that being more importunely put forth should polute by mixing with it the water for the food of life included in the shell This intestine being dissected and opened longways in the bottom of it arises an hardish and almost round body which ascending from the Arse to the Ventricle arises there and stretches under the Oesophagus towards the Head The like to this is found in a Worm which hollowness in it we think to be in the place of the Mesentery and milky Vessels but otherwise in the Oyster this hard and compacted body being less apt for such an office seems not unlike to the spinal Marrow But we shall shew the Chyliferous passages do supply the darkish bodies hanging to the Ventricle Below the Ventricle the Pericardium is placed including the Heart being whitish with a large black ear which being opened that is beheld to beat and at every Diastole to admit the vital humour our of the hollow vein into the little ear then at every Systole to drive the same forward into the Aorta placed on the contrary side then by tripartite branches of this Vessel a certain part of this humour tends upwards towards the Head Liver and Stomach also a certain portion is reflected into the strait Muscle in the mean time a great part of it being delated from the great Trunk of the Artery to the Branchiae or Gills it is there unfolded within most small and numerous passages as it were little Rivers that it might enjoy according to all its parts little nitrous bodies inspired from the water And that this may be the more plentifully done we observe that the water as in bloody Fishes did not only wash the outward superficies of the Gills but that it every where did enter all the more intimate recesses and deeper passages yea these Gills expansed largely thorow the Hemisphere of the Oyster exceed in bulk all the other Viscera also almost the parts So that in Fishes because they
the Tail even to the Ventricle but in the same place arising up and creeping thorow the walls of the Stomach is stretched forth even to the Head This Vessel is in truth a Tube which being blown up by a Pipe shew'd an ample Cavity and that which Malpigius noted to be stretched forth upon the Ventricle and Intestines of Insects seems answerable to these passages and vessels and we may well suspect it to be in the place of the Liver and Mesenterie In some Earth-Worms about the Tail on either side of the Intestine we found sometimes very many Eggs ready to be lay'd which indeed were seen to have descended thither from the genital parts and were cast out by the Passages lying open into the Arse So much concerning the internal parts of the Earth-Worm opened with its Belly upwards If the same be held down with its Belly downwards on the top of the Back near the brim of every Ringlet little holes are continued almost in the whole Passage from the Head to the Tail into which if you blow with a Pipe presently the underlying parts swell up the dung of the Intestine being driven up and down here and there backward and forward From these holes if they are pressed a white viscous and sometimes a milky Humour drops forth which seems to be muck or stuff besmearing those Cavities and fortifying them against the inclemency of the Air. Without doubt these little holes are so many Wind-Pipes which as in bloodless Insects being numerous and dispersed thorow the whole Body supply the place of Lungs and draw in the nitrous Air for the inspiring the Vital Liquor and by and by sends it forth being spent But against this it may be objected That little and sometimes almost no respiration serves the Earth-Worms Because they sometimes lye hid in the depth of the Earth for above three Months and are able so to ly and to live yea if the holes of the Wind-Pipes be smeared over with Oyl they do not presently dy like the bloodless Insects but being immersed in Oyl they swim in it unhurt and live a long while but if you apply heat to them tho moderate they dy presently The same thing we have observed almost of Fishes and especially of the Shelly and Crusty who bear the defect of Air or Water better than the presence of Fire or Heat The reason of this that we may defend our Hypothesis we shall indeavour to shew we have shewn in a late Tract That altho Fire and Flame necessarily require besides Sulphureous food from the matter of the Subject something nitrous from the Air which being denyed or withdrawn they are suddenly extinguished yet if that the matter be inkindled of Sulphur and Nitre as is wont to be in Gun-Powder together mixed with the Concrete that Fire or Flame will burn in the midst of the Waters or in a place Empty of Air to wit because either food being contained within they do not presently desire supplyes from without In like manner we suppose it may be concerning the Hypostases and accensions of Brutal Souls For altho many of these being inkindled in their vital humour draw in altogether from the ambient Air a Nitrous and from within a Sulphureous Food Yet in the blood of some of them which are destinated to the Waters or to the Earth much of Sulphur thick and Earthy with little of Nitre and very little only of spirit and volatile Salt may be so temper'd that it being inkindled into Life may burn with a silent and almost suppressed fire neither requires from without the access either of much or continued nitrous Food but as it hath a certain intestine task its burning is more securely performed in the Earth or Waters than in the open Air For that indeed from this there is danger of too much inkindling the sulphureous Particles and so quickly of overturning the Crasis or disposition of the Soul Wherefore these kind of Animals greatly abhor fire or external heat which may make the internal Sulphur to work and too much to burn However altho the Souls of these are not contented with fire and it sometimes as it were hid in the Ashes suffers them to be nummed or stiff yet notwithstanding Organs of Respiration are given to them all for the continuing it as long as it pleases and as occasion serves for the increasing or repressing it And indeed the Creatures of a more frigid blood appear to be constituted or imbued with plenty of Sulphur tho sparingly inkindled because Earth-Worms and Fishes quickly putrifying yield a most stinking smell and the putrified flesh of some of these by reason of the very many Effluvia's of Sulphur shine in the dark like a live Coal Moreover it hence appears that the saline Particles which make up the temperament of these are for the most part nitrous and bestowed for the food of Life because from the bodies of these dissolved by Chymical operation you can neither draw a Volatile Salt as out of all Other Animals nor a Fixed The Images of the Earth-Worms shewing their Anatomy are described in the Fourth Table In the next degree of the more frigid bloody Creatures above Earth-Worms Fishes are placed indued with one belly'd Heart and Gills If indeed Lungs be wanting to these the other bosom of the Heart were superfluous But most Fishes want Lungs both for as much as living in the Waters whose medium is not fit for sounds they have neither voyce nor make a noyse and chiefly because the water ought not to be emitted thorow the Wind-pipe into all the Cavities of the Lungs if they had them for that by watering them or overflowing them it would presently overthrow them and fill them to a stiffness But as in Brutes with Lungs the Air being admitted within it slides thorow all the blood-carrying Passages every where that entring the little mouths of the Vessels every where gaping it inspires the Blood with nitrous food so the Gills in Fishes which are substituted as so many Lungs or rather inverted are so placed without the Cavity of the Thorax that the Waters continually flowing to the Passages of the Vessels and their little Mouths being outwardly planted whilst the Gills are inlarged they inspire something nitrous or what is like it to them the remains of which being by and by spent the Gills being contracted is sent away again and so by Continued reciprocations of Inspiration and Expiration as in hot Animals the Life or the Flame of the Blood is Conserved We have not much to say concerning the structure of the Gills they being already sufficiently describ'd by several As to their fabrick they are bony semi-circles planted on both sides of the bottom of the Mouth nigh to the opening of the Gill holes which are made hollow quite thorow with little ditches as it were quilly that they may receive the Vessels sent to them and much branched forth and defend them against
injuries The Vessels belonging to the Gills are Arteries and Veins which in the Sturgion Salmon and Cod are found to be made after this manner The Aorta going forth of the Heart and ascending towards the Chin or end of the lower Jaw sends forth branches to the right and the left some of these presently growing forked accommodate an Artery to two Gills of the same side which by and by being again divided puts thorow two arterous shoots thorow the Bow of every Gill near to the bony Basis then from them others smaller thick set shoots tend into the sides and midst of every Come-like Finn After the Gills being passed thorow all the arterous Branches meet together again and Constitute the same Trunk which being by and by reflected has a prospect to all the other parts The Trunk of the Vena Cava or hollow Vein descending applyes it self and enters near into the Aorta ascending into the Gills Further in the several Finns of the Gills lesser shoots as in the Bows answer the greater passages of the Venous with so many Arterous shoots Besides from the several parts on both sides the Gills a veinous branch is inserted into the descending Trunk This plainly appears because if you open the branches both veinous and arterous lying on the Bows of the Gills there will appear a series or row of holes leading into the Finns Moreover a black Liquor being cast into those Arteries will return by the Veins Yet I have observed part only of that injected Liquor to turn aside thorow the holes into the Finns but another part to pass directly thorow into the Channels and thence to flow into the descending Trunk of the Aorta which the Gilly Branches being at length all united do frame From hence I gather That the Blood in Fishes not as in Brutes with Lungs is carried at every Circuit or passes thorow the Vessels between the organs of respiration not all or whole or is carried from the Arteries into the Veins whereby the hole might be inspired anew of the Air but for that they as we have shewn enjoy in themselves a nitrous food partly intestine therefore it suffices them that the blood only be by parts exposed to the External Nitre flowing to it From these also it seems to appear That Fishes do breath by the Gills or draw what is nitrous from the Waters and do enjoy it as it were the necessary food of Life which also many other Reasons do manifestly declare To wit for that the Waters where Fishes dwell standing still a long time tend to putrefaction or if by too much Heat or Cold or other means by which the nitrous Particles are wont to be driven away or perverted they be affected they Choak their Inhabitants Further if Fishes be shut up in little water or with too strait limits also if more than should be in the same Fish-Pond tho large enough tho they have plenty of food they will dye for want of the nitrous food which also argues the Cause of their death for before they dye they will shoot forth of the waters putting forth their mouths and heads to take in the naked Air so that it may from hence be Concluded That there are also in these Inhabitants of the waters firie Souls to wit the Hypostases of which are an heap of most subtil Atoms which being stirred up into motion by a certain inkindling do require for the Continuing of their substance besides the Sulphureous Aliment within which they feed on another nitrous from the ambient Medium But that Fishes rejoyce in the region of the Water instead of the Air where any one would think that their Flame should be rather extinguished than inkindled we gave the reason of it but now to wit as certain Animals are destinated to these places their Souls were so temper'd that as the matter made up of Sulphur and Nitre mixt together they burn or grow hot under the waters yea they there live more securely to wit for as much as there is in them plenty of Sulphur it is suffer'd to be only sparingly inkindled and to burn forth Further altho some nitrous Particles seem to enter into the intrinsick and ordinary food of the vital fire and lest the flame by the defect of these should expire new suppliments are daily instilled through the Gills yet indeed by reason of the divers Constitutions of Souls living Creatures do respire after a several manner and some require this medium more thick others moderate and others more thin And for this Cause some living Creatures whilst they remain in the same number sometimes change their sphere or ambient medium and sometimes go out of the Waters into the Air and sometimes from this into them A certain Insect called the watry Phryganion in some places in England a Caddis at the first of the Spring is cloathed with a Coat of a sprig or small rind of wood and creeps into the depth of the Rivers in the shape of a Mite or rather a Maggot afterwards when its Soul begins to be sublimed he gets to the tops of the Bulrushes and in the Month of May rising up to the superficies of the water puts off its Coat and having wings flyes into the Air and there lives during Life Who knows not that Frogs live at first in the Waters in the shape of a Tadpole altogether then all the Summer do leap about in the Meadows and that at last in the Autumn returning to the Waters do bury themselves in the Mud After this manner many more Insects do not only change the Region but also vary their Species or Kind and of Reptils become flying Creatures Thirdly A little more superior degree of Creatures of a more frigid or cold blood is those who are gifted with a doubl'd belly'd Heart and with Lungs of which sort are Serpents Lisards and some Amphibious Creatures that is such as live on Water and Land as the Frogs and some Fishes to wit the Polypus the Sea-Calf with many others To these former Lungs are necessary because they oftentimes live in the open Air which always ought to be deeply admitted into the Praecordia themselves Moreover because they put forth a certain sound for which a Wind-pipe is required but for as much as Lungs are granted to them so also a two-fold belly'd Heart without which the blood passes not thorow the Lungs As to what respects the Amphibious Creatures which at their pleasure now live on the Land and now in the Waters tho it appears that these cannot stay always or very long under the water yet it is to be wonder'd at how in the mean time they breath for if they open the Wind-Pipe the Waters rushing presently in would drown the Lungs Bartholinus easily untyes this doubt by asserting That in these Brutes an Oval hole as in Embrio's is kept open all their life-time Cornelius Consentinus affirms it after the same manner to be in
are eaten which may open the Pores of the Tongue and clear away the sticking Viscousness As to the Nerves which serve to the Fibres of the Tongue thickly interwoven with it and which carry the Impressions of Savours to the chief Sensory it seems that they are of a double Kind for as Nerves are inserted in the Tongue from both the Fifth and the Ninth pair and are every where distributed thorow its whole frame with a most thick Series of shoots it is very likely that they are both Sensitive Concerning the Nerves sent hither from the Fifth pair the thing is out of doubt and as from the same pair other shoots are sent into the Nostrils hence we may say the reason is of that Consent which is between both these Sensories but indeed as to the Nerves bestowed also on the Tongue from the Ninth pair it may be something doubted because it is commonly believed that the Office of these serve to the Motion of the Tongue and to Speech wherefore from the same pair are sent certain branches into the Muscles of the Tongue and of the Bone called Hyoides which without doubt are destinated for their Motion Nevertheless thâ— it be granted that the Nerves of the Tongue and its Appendix inserted from the Ninth pair do bestow on them the moving Power which indeed is necessary to this Part as well for Tastings as for speaking to wit as the Tongue is very versatile it takes in with delight the Savours from every corner or recess of the Mouth yet what hinders that however the same Nerves should not serve for both to wit Motion and Sense For it appears that many Nerves which serve for the Sense of Feeling do in like manner serve for the performing of the Motions of those Parts to which they belong Wherefore as Tasting is a certain Species of Feeling it is probable that it enters in some measure through the moving Nerves of the Tongue it self neither does it appear otherwayes for what end Branches of the Nerves derived from the Ninth pair into the Tongue disperse such thick-set shoots into its whole frame unless they should serve for the receiving of the Particles of Savours coming from every Part. But for as much as after this manner two Nerves of a distinct Original belong to the Tongue and one of them arises from the Parts of the Brain and the other from the Cerebel Hence a Sension being carried inwards by the same it is stay'd from either at the Common Sensory and so according to the diverse Nature of the Object a pleasant and delectable fruition or an ingrateful and sad Aversion at once in either Government the Imagination and the Praecordia are affected There is a sufficient indulgement to the Taste for a reward of its necessary work to wit Eating therefore its Objects are sought far and near through the Regions of the whole World yea and all the Elements are imployed Further as to its Ministry all the rest of the Senses serve to this for nothing pleases the Palate unless the Sight and Hearing Smell and Touch approve it 'T is fit it should be so for this Sensory by which Food is conveyed for Humane Life and that it might enjoy great variety for the shunning of nauseous things and use a guard upon the rest for Discrimination lest instead of Food it might unawares take Poison The Speculation of Savours which are the next Object of Taste contains in it self very many Pleasant and no less Profitable things wherefore I think it will not be from the Matter to turn aside here a little into this Theory and as we shall divide all Savours into Simple and Compound First we shall rehearse what Nature suggests of that Kind particularly according to their several differences both of themselves and of the Subjects in which they are Then secondly we shall add the Parallels by what means and by what service of Art the same Savours in Subjects are produced anew in which they are not by Nature Thirdly After what manner Savours both Natural and Artificial are any way altered and changed in their Subjects or wholly perish It will be worth our while to discourse briefly concerning these and lastly somewhat of Compounded Savours Savours called Simple are commonly counted to be Nine viz. Sharp Bitter Salt Acid or Tart Astringent or Biting Sowre Sweet Oyly insipid or without Taste The first is sharp or biting Savour such as is felt in Pepper or Pellitory being chewed which probably arises as often as the Particles of any Body are smooth and sharpned and after that manner figured like the stings of Nettles that they may prick and very much dig into the Sensory In Subjects indued with a sharp biting Savour a volatile Salt or an Alchalisat or suffering a Flux from Fire very much exceeds other Elements First Concretes which have by Nature Particles so figured are accounted among Vegetables Hearts-ease or Trinity-Herb Pepper Aron Country-Mustard Sea-Lettice or Milk-thistle Mustardseed Pellitory Ranunculus c. Of Minerals Arsneck Sandaraâ—h c. Among Animals it is scarcely met with nor among their Parts a savour of this Kind unless perhaps some Insects as Cantharides c. Secondly Sharp biting Bodies produced by the help of Art are Mercury Sublimate Butter of Antimony Strong-Waters and Causticks the fixed Salts of Herbs made by burning to Ashes Calcined Vitriol the Rust of Brass c. The oftner things suffer Calcination and Fusion in the Fire the more biting sharp they are made because by this means the Pricks and Spears of the Particles are sharpned An Example is in the fixed Salts of Herbs calcined Vitriol the Infernal Stone c. Bodies which are biting sharp and Corrosives mixt together and committed to the Fire acquire a most sharp force of burning An example is in Mercury Sublimate and Stygian Waters the reason of which is because Salts of a like Kind being mixed together joyn their forces or edges and are at the same time very much sharp'ned by the fire It happens otherwise to Salts of a divers Kind as are Spirits of Vitriol and Salt of Tartar mixed together Sugar and Honey subjected to distillation exhale a Caustick Water also the Spirit of Wine highly rectified becomes biting sharp and burning because the Saline or Spirituous Particles in both Substances being deprived of the sweetness of the others put forth their Spears and Pricks Thirdly Which was the Third Proposition the biting sharpness in Bodies both Natural and Artificial is put away or altered after various wayes Mercury Sublimate highly Corrosive if another quantity of live Mercury be added and sublimed it takes away all acritude or biting sharpness and it becomes insipid or without taste The reason of which is that when the Particles of the added Mercury do grow to the little Spears of the Salts they do thereby become more thick and obtuse The Spirit of Vitriol and Salt of Tartar being
The Spirit of Vinegar being poured upon Salt of Tartar and drawn off by distillation becomes insipid Spirit of Vitriol poured upon Quick-silver and drawn off by distillation putting away its acidity acquires a taste like Allum and if we may believe Helmont passes by Coagulation into true Alum Distilled Vinegar impregnated with the solution of Minium or red Lead grows wonderfully sweet 5. The Sower austere or binding or astringent Savour arises in Bodies whose Particles are stuffed with very many little Spears and Hooks which in chewing being rolled upon the Sensory are fixed to it and greatly draw together and pull its Fibres not much unlike as if a Comb which Cards Wool should be drawn up and down upon the hands In substances indued with an austere savour a fixed Salt enwrapped with the Particles of the earthy Element predominates First Bodies naturally austere among Vegetables are the Fruit of the Medlar-Tree of the Dog-Bryer of the Cypress-Tree Flowers of Pomegranat Galls Slows Sumach c. Among Minerals Alum Iron Vitriol Among living Creatures or among their Parts there is not as I remember any austere savour to be met with Secondly Bodies Artificially produced which have an austere sower or rough savour are all made Vitriols to wit the Vitriol of Silver of Steel of Tin of Copper c. The reason of which is because in these Minerals the Saline Particles are very much intangled with Terrene and they continue in the same state when they are drawn forth from their Substances by the soluted Mixtion Spirit of Vitriol being drawn from Mercury by frequent Cohobations acquires a Pontick or Aluminous Savour Thirdly As to the Instances by which an austere sower or rough taste may be taken away out of all Substances it is to be observed that Vitriol of every Kind by long distillation and circulation with the Spirit made of Wine grows sweet and loses its astringent force If waters impregnated with Vitriol be poured into Oil of Tartar there will be precipitated a certain thickish Matter wonderfully sweet Steel Tin or Lead being dissolved in Vinegar and Coagulated by Evaporation go into sweet Salts Further it is a common Experiment If having before tasted Vitriol you take the fume of Tobacco at your Mouth the austere taste at first impressed on the Sense is changed into a plainly honied sweetness the reason of which is because the Sea-salt Particles such as are in Vitriol being mingled with the Sulphureous out of the burnt Tobacco create a sweet Savour from whence also we may Collect that Sugar and Honey are of a Sulphureous-saline Nature which also clearly appears by their distillation for as much as they like Salt Minerals yield an Acid and very Corrosive Stagma 6. Of Kin to be the austere is the acerb or sower taste the Particles of whose subject are indued with little Tenters or Hooks or Claws but which are more dull and blunt and with which they strike the Sensory and stop up its little Pores and being once fixed they are not easily removed whence a stupor or numness in the Teeth and Palat is caused not unlike Burdocks which being fixed to the Skin become troublesome and are not easily shaken off In acerb or sower biting Bodies a fluid Salt implicated with an earthy Matter excells First Bodies naturally sower among Vegetables are unripe Fruits as Grapes Pears and Apples and most of all Wildings Crabs or wild Apples thô kept till they are mellow also sower Herbs Among Minerals or Animals there is nothing easily to be met with that has a sower Taste Secondly Bodies that are made sower anew are chiefly Wine and Beer degenerating into a deadness through Age or Thunder also Leaven or Bread too much leavened Broths and Milk-meats if they Contract a settlement and hoariness become sower because in all those Concretes disposed to Corruption the Saline Particles being exalted and tending towards a Flux carry forth also earthy Particles involved with themselves Thirdly As to the taking away of this Taste we have observed That sower Fruits do grow sweet either by the goodness of the Air and Sun in sower Fruits brought to maturity or by the goodness of the Ground or Soil as when wild Apples translated to a good Soil grow sweet the reason of either is because the Spirituous and Sulphureous Particles before subjugated at length Predominate over the Saline If Wine degenerated into deadness is impregnated with new Lees of Tartar it shall recover its Vigor The like happens if a Can of good Wine be poured into a Vessel of sower Beer or Ale Wine growing dead if it be distilled often yields a sweet Spirits and in no less quantity that if the Wine had been in its full strength because the Spirits before subjugated in that Mixture recover their Dominion by distillation Seventhly The sweet savour seems to be made for as much as the Particles of any Body are so figured into soft prickles that they tickle the Sensory with a soft rubbing and from thence stir up a delightful Sense of Pleasure like as if feathers were applyed to the Sides or the Soles of the Feet In these the Saline Principle seems to be associated with Sulphureous and Spirituous and when they are in like manner are carried forth First Those which are naturally sweet are among Vegetables first Sugar and Manna then Cassia ripe Fruits Grapes Raisons some Roots as Parsnips c. Among Animals some ascribe Honey but others more rightly say that is swet out of Plants and gathered by Bees Among Minerals nothing that I know hath naturally a sweet Savour Secondly The things which have a sweet Taste and are made by Art are the Sugar of Lead Salt of Steel Lythargites yea and out of many other Bodies Vinegar extracts a sweet Salt Tasting Vitriol before-hand as was said and then taking a Pipe of Tobacco the smoke grows sweet like Honey In this and in the former instances whil'st the Saline little darts grow to the Sulphureous Particles or Saline of another Kind both of them become more blunt An Alchalisat Spirit and the fixed Salt of any Body being mixed and circulated by a long digestion acquire a sweetness Barley soaked in Water when it begins to sprout and dried with a gentle fire grows exceeding sweet And Wheat in like manner also if being wet it sprouts yields a wonderfully sweet Meal the reason of which is because by that Artifice the Sulphureous and Spirituous Particles overthrown by the Earthy get their Liberty Thirdly There are many Instances by which sweetness is abolished for all sweet things too much boiled grow bitter Sugar or Honey by distillation yield at first an insipid Phlegm then sharp and burning Spirits In the dead Head remaining after distillation is a burning Salt and an insipid Earth and whatever is sweet perishes Further Sugar or Honey being mixed with a great quantity of Common Water and distilled through a Bladder yield a
or shuts up their passages Hence it follows that preternatural Waking or that which is immoderate depends upon these two either on one or both together for either they being grown too outragious and as it were struck with a fury will not lye down of themselves or the nervous Liquor doth not so fill and stop up the Pores of the outward part of the Brain that from thence the Spirits may be compelled inward to rest Examples of both of these are ordinarily to be met withal And first of all we shall take notice that the Animal Spirits sometimes becoming outrageous and so Elastick or shooting forth or otherways enormous that they will not only not lye down and be quieted but scarce be contained within the proper sphere of their emanation wherefore being spread abroad in continual waking so fill the Brain and keep it extended that the nervous Juice though it lyes heaped up at their doors cannot be admitted but if it enters of it self and the Spirits are called back inwards from the Cortex of the Brain presently they being forced thither or tumultuating within the middle part of the Brain raise up many and often most horrid phantasies whereby sleep is driven away or directing thence their declination further into the nervous Stock there stir up great disorders which continually drive away and break off Sleep though it seems ready to creep upon them As to the former of these I have often observed that some being disturbed with waking were afraid to sleep though desiredly coming upon them for as soon as they shut their eyes to sleep presently leaping up they would cry out they should grow mad with a multitude of confused phantasms so that they were necessitated to abstain from sleep Secondly whilst the Spirits become more outrageous and are for sleep sake recalled towards the interior compass of the Brain sometimes they convert their rage into the nervous Stock and then tumultuarily rushing in upon the Nerves destinated for the Precordia or the Inwards raise up inordinations in the respective parts hence in those thus distemper'd as often as they shut their eyes to invite sleep either tremblings leapings and binding up of the heart with loss of Spirits and breathing stopped or inflations and rising up of the Bowels with a sense of choaking and other symptoms commonly called or taken to be Hysterical follow or else secondly the Spirits being recalled from their watches and turning on the nervous Stock transfer their rage sometimes on the spinal Marrow and the Nerves reaching from thence into all the exterior Members Wherefore in some whilst they would indulge sleep in their beds immediately follow leapings up of the Tendons in their Arms and Legs with Cramps and such unquietness and flying about of their members that the sick can no more sleep than those on the Rack Once I was consulted with for a noble Woman who was in the day-time cruelly tormented with the pain about the heart and Vomiting but in the night she was hindred from sleep though it seemed to approach by reason of these kind of Convulsive Distempers invading her with it nor indeed could she sleep all the night unless she had before taken a large Dose of Laudanum wherefore this Medicine at first being permitted her only twice a week afterwards she took it daily for three whole months contracting by it no hurt either in her Brain or about any other function and when in the mean time by the use of other Remedies the Dyscrasies of the Blood and the nervous Juice were amended and the Animal Spirits were made more benign and gentle she having after that wholly left off her Opium could sleep indifferently well These kind of sleep-destroying Distempers stirred up either within the middle part of the Brain or within the nervous Stock either more inward or more outward do depend wholly on the evil constitution of the Animal Spirits for those who ought to be gentle clear and bright and to actuate gently the containing bodies and to influence them with a benign influence become sharp and fierce and like Effluvia's sent from Stygian Waters unable to be restrained do distend them too much and refuse to be governed by the command of the will and to be quieted by sleep yea being restrained in one place they immediately grow tumultuous in another Such a constitution of the Animal Spirits proceeds from the acid and oftentimes as it were Vitriolick Dyscrasies of the Blood begetting it and of the nervous Juice cherishing and increasing it as shall be more fully shewed hereafter when we speak of madness In the mean time as to what belongs to the Cure of thorow or long waking which we but now described because it cannot be long tolerated therefore those things which may bring present ease ought first to be administred for this end those things which sooth the Spirits and gently moderate their disorders are convenient as those commonly called Anodynes viz. Distilled Waters Decoctions Syrups and Conserves of the Flowers of Water-Lilies Cowslips Mallows Violets Hearts-ease of the leaves of Willow Lettice Purslain also Emulsions or Juicy expressions If that the unquiet Spirits will not be allayed by gentle flatteries you must compel them into quietness as it were with bonds and strokes plenty of them ought to be diminished and the places also to be inlarged in which they may expand themselves in freedom and without tumult and quitted from the intanglements of other Humors to wit of the Blood and Serum For which ends sometimes the opening of a Vein is convenient and Blisterings are always to be made use of also Diacodium and Laudanum if it be convenient are frequently given and in the mean time whilst that Opiates give some truce to the Disease the cause of it ought carefully to be rooted out by the use of other Remedies as much as may be wherefore such as take away the sharpness of the Blood and nervous Juice and render a sweetness to them are to be administred day after day in Physical hours In which rank are shelly Powders Apozems and Distilled Waters Alterers made out of temperate Antiscorbuticks the more gentle prepared Chalybeats Spirits of Harts-horn and of Sut and almost before all other things the Tincture of Antimony is much esteemed There remains another sort of thorow or long Waking the cause of which in some if not in the greatest part consists in almost a continual openness or too much gaping of the Pores or passages in the Cortex of the Brain For besides that the Animal Spirits becoming sharp and somewhat outragious refuse to lye down of their own accord and to indulge rest moreover no stop or yoke is imposed upon them from the nervous Liquor entring into the Pores of the Brain but being free and quitted of all burthens they are also expanded within the exterior spaces of the Brain every where open wherefore for this cause those troubled with long Waking
become also Elastick in the motional Fibres by reason of the bloody Copula therefore if plenty of this be taken away they grow weak and deficient Which thing indeed I have observed in many and for the most part languishings and tremblings to have been begun in the Arm out of which the blood had been taken However in some indued with a sharp and hot blood and apt to flame forth too much though disposed to the Palsie it is sometimes convenient to let blood a little and sparingly About the Aequinox a Purge ought to be instituted and after due times between to be iterated three or four times But first if nothing oppose let a Vomit be given of the Salt of Vitriol Sulphur of Antimony or an Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae then let there be taken Pills of Amber or of Aloephanginae by it self or with the Resine of Ialap every seventh or eighth day At other times we prescribe Cephalick Remedies such as in the sleepy Diseases viz. Electuaries Powders Spirits and Volatile Salts Tinctures Elixirs with distilled Waters and Apozems sometimes these sometimes those or others Let Issues be made in the Arm or Leg yea in fat people and such as are full of ill humors in both together or between the shoulders Let them drink all the year medicated Beer of Sage Betony Stechades Sassafrass Wood and Winterines Bark Wine and Women ought to be forbidden or but moderately to be used If that the Palsie be excited after a previous disposition either of one side or in some members and that it still continues notwithstanding the first attempt of Medicine a long and complicated method is always requisite and oftentimes doth not suffice for not only the Disease or its conjunct cause or its foregoing severally but all together ought to be opposed for which ends Phlebotomy being for the most part interdicted only a gentle Purge and rarely is convenient Besides some chief Cephalick Medicines and Antiscorbuticks are wont to help against the foregoing cause of this Disease But all of this sort are not convenient to all yea as we have observed in the Scurvey according to the various Constitutions of the Sick there are also Remedies of a diverse kind and virtue For to Cholerick Paralyticks to wit in whose sharp and hot Blood there is much of Salt and Sulphur and very little of Serum the more hot Medicines and indued with very active Particles are not agreeable yea are often hurtful which things notwithstanding are very profitable to Phlegmatick persons whose Blood is colder and contains much of Serum and but few active Elements Wherefore for this twofold state or condition of sick persons it seems convenenient that we institute here a double Method of Cure and two classes of Medicines of which these may be given to cold Parlyticks and those to the hot In the former case for the taking away the Procatartick cause after Vomiting and Purging being rightly instituted I was wont to prescribe according to these following forms Take of the Conserves of the leaves of the Garden Scurvy-grass of Rocket made with an equal part of Sugar each three ounces of Ginger Candied in India half an ounce of the rinds of Oranges and Lemons Candied each six drams of the Powder of the Claws and Eyes of Crabs each four scruples of the Species of Diambre two drams of Winterens Bark one dram and a half of the Roots of Zedoary the lesser Galingal of Cubebs the Seeds of Water-Cresses Rocket each one dram of the Spirits of Scurvy-grass Laevender each two drams of the Syrup of Candied Ginger what will suffice to make an Electuary Take of it about the quantity of a Walnut at eight of the Clock in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it a pint of the following Decoction warm or Coffee with the leaves of Sage boiled in it six ounces of or â—per Wine three ounces Take of the shavings of Lignum Sanctum six ounces of Sarsaparilla and of Sassaphras each four ounces of white and yellow Sanders of the shavings of Ivory of Harts-horn each half an ounce infuse them according to art and boil them in sixteen pints of Spring water till half be consumed adding of Crude Antimony in Powder and tyed in a rag four ounces of the Root of the Aromatick Reed of the lesser Galingal each half an ounce of the Florentine Iris one ounce of Cardamums six drams of Coriander Seeds half an ounce six Dates make a Decoction to be used for ordinary drink Going to sleep and first in the morning let a Dose of the Spirits of Sut or Harts-horn or of Armoniacal Amber or of Blood c. be taken with three ounces of the following distilled water Take of the leaves or roots of Aron one pound of the leaves of Garden Scurvey-grass of the greater Rocket of Rosemary Sage Savory Thyme four handfuls of the Flowers of Lavender three handfuls the outer rinds of ten Oranges and six Lemons of Winterans Bark three ounces of the roots of the lesser Galingal of Calamus Aromaticus the Florentine Iris each two ounces of Cubebs Cloves Nutmegs each two ounces all being cut and bruised pour to them of white Wine and of Brunswick Beer or Mum each four pints distil it in common Stills and let all the liquor be mixed together Sometimes in the place of the Electuary may be taken for fifteen or twenty days a Dose of the Tincture of Sulphur Turpentined of the Tincture of Antimony or of Amber Also sometimes Elixir Proprietatis or of Poeony let them be taken in a spoonful of distilled Water drinking after it three ounces of the same Also sometimes the following Powders or Lozenges may be taken by turns in the medical course Take of the Powder of Vipers flesh of Monpillier prepared one ounce of the hearts and livers of the same half an ounce of Species Diambre two ounces make a Powder take one dram once or twice a day with the distilled Water three ounces or with Viper Wine with a Decoction of the leaves of Sage of the root and seeds of the Burdock and the Candied roots of Eringo made of Spring-water what will suffice and boiled to one moiety six or eight ounces in the Morning warm expecting to sweat after it Take of Bezoartick Mineral Solar half an ounce of Cloves powdered two drams mingle them make a Powder and divide it into twelve parts let one be taken after the same manner twice in a day between these kind of Remedies gentle purging may be often used Take of the Powder of the picked roots of Zedoary the lesser Galingal each half a dram of Species Diambre one dram of the Powder of the seeds of Mustard Rocket Scurvygrass Water-Cresses each half a dram make of them all a fine Powder add to it of the Oyl of the purest Amber half a dram and with white Sugar dissolved