what is received into the brain or what is nigh unto it For the most part once bleeding wil not be sufficient in this Disease but twice or thrice or oftener in the beginning or encrease of the Disease you may adventure upon it according to the condition or plenty of the Humor the age temper and strength of the patient If a Phrenzy taketh one that hath a constant Feaver as it is often in the encrease of Feavers or in the state of them when nature is out of order and disturbed by the malignity of that matter which causeth the Disease sendeth Chollerick humors to the head you must again let blood though you have done it before in respect of the Feaver but you must do it sparingly because the strength is abated by the Feaver and former bleeding Therefore at that time open the Head vein or if strength wil not bear that open the Saphena in one foot or both which is approved in such Diseases neither is it less beneficial to open the Hemorrhoid veins by Leeches But in all Bleedings which are made in time of a Delirium you must observe this that the Orifice be not large for then it wil quickly heal and you must bind it up carefully lest the Patient being unruly cause it to bleed again as also 't is very good for the sudden Cure of it to lay a plaister of Aloes white of an Eg and the hair of a Hare After Bleeding provoke sleep For if after bleeding there comes watchfulness the Humors wiâ— be again inflamed and the patient grow worse Sleep is caused by repelling Medicines laid to the forehead which are cooling and narcotick or causing sleep which we shal mention hereafter When you cannot conveniently let blood apply Cupping Glasâ—es with deep Scarrifications first to the lower than to the upper parts and also to the Thighs and other parts without Scarrification Use Frictions in the same parts and use Ligatures to the Legs for reuulsion Apply Vesicatories to the Shoulders and Arms. Give every day a Clyster made of cold and moist things For by these the Acrimony of the Humors is qualified and they are put downwards And they are thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce the Leaves of Mallows Violets Lettice Pellitory Beets of each one handful the flowers of Water-lillies and tops of Dill of each one pugil Prunes six boyl them in Barly water to one pint of the straining ad of Cassia newly drawn and Diaprunes simple of each six drams red Sugar one ounce make a Clyster Use no Oyls in these kind of Clysters because they wil then inflame You must not Purge in a primary Phrenzy such a one as comes not from another Disease but it is good somtimes to Purge when the Phrenzy comes upon a continual Feaver For if there be an evil digestion or ill juyce in the Body and the Phrenzy begin then the matter is wandering and is taken for that which is called Turgent or abounding And therefore by the Counsel of Hippocrates Aphor. 22. Sect. 1. is to be presently evacuated But the Purge must be made of cold things with gentle as Senna Rhubarb Cassia Tamarinds Catholicon and Syrup of Roses Presently after blood letting you must use repelling Medicines which hinder the assent of humors and cool the head as Vinegar of Roses made of Oyl of Roses and Vinegar in time past but now we use distilled Waters and Juyces of Herbs with it and we repel and cool more or less as there is a greater or less flux of humors and inflamation which we must diligently observe Therefore we wil lay down many forms that in particular cases we may chuse those which are most fit Take of Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Rose and Plantane Water of each two ounces lay them on the forehead shaven and with four-folded cloaths Or Take of Rose water four ounces Oyl of Roses two ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce two whites of Egs mix them together Or Take of Oyl of Violets and Water-lillies of each half an ounce Rose Lettice and Housleeâ— Water of each two ounces Vinegar half an ounce Or Take of the Juyce of Lettice Purslain Night-shade Penny-grass or Venus-navil of each two ounces Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Or Take of Oyl Olive in which Roses are infused one ounce and an half new Poplar Oyntment for the old inflameth one ounce Vinegar of Roses half an ounce one white of an Eg Beat them together and apply them with Flax. The Milk of a Woman which hath brought forth a Girl with the Juyce of Lettice and Oyl of Roses is very excellent Concerning these cooling Medicines you must observe that they be administred warily and with judgment because the Brain is of its own Nature cold and a principal Member therefore it is to be feared left the Patient by too much use thereof should fall into a contrary Disease as a Coma or the like especially if he be weak or old and although they are used somtimes more sometimes less yet the extent of the time of their usage ought not to be above three daies Moreover Those Medicines do stick to the face and eyes therefore you must lay about them a cloth or a little wool in the fore part of the head you must apply them to the middle of the forehead in the sides of the head above the ears in the hinder part about the nape of the neck and towards the crown of the head and these are in Winter to be applied hot in Summer cold as Galen saith 2. de comp med cap. 2. But it is best in old and weak people never to apply them actually cold If the Inflamation cometh to the Skin as it somtimes doth then we must avoid repelling Medicines especially those that are strong lest the matter driven to the Brain should augment the Disease You must apply cloths wet in Rose-water and Vinegar to the neck to hinder the humors from flying into the head Causticks applied to the Legs do very well for revulsion or drawing down of the humor to the inferior parts While these things are doing you must use al those things which do cool the whol Body especially the principal parts both internally and externally Inwardly you must use Juleps Emulsions and Electuaries Take of the distilled Waters of Lettice Purslain Roses and wild Poppies of each three ounces Syrup of Violets and Pomegranates of each one ounce and an half Sal Prunellae three drams Make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice or thrice in a day Or Take of Lettice Purslain and Plantane of each two handfuls Water Lillies and Violet flowers of each a pugil Boyl them in Barley Water to one pint and being strained dissolve in it Syrup of Violets three ounces Sal Prunellae three drams Make a Julep for three doses or draughts It is very good to put to your Juleps besides the Sal prunellae the spirit of
Sulphur or Vitriol for those do much allay the heat of Choller Take of the four great cold Seeds six drams white Poppy seeds two drams Barley Water half a pint Lettice and Water-lilly Water of each two ounces Rose water one ounce Make an Emulsion according to art to two Doses putting thereto Syrup of Violets two ounces Take of Conserve of Violets and Roses of each one ounce Conserve of Water-lillies and candied Lettice stalks of each half an ounce the pouder of Diamargariton frigid half a dram With the Syrup of Violets make an Electuary You may also make an Electuary of white Poppy Seed beaten in a stone Mortar and mixt with Sugar this may be called Diacodium album this temperates sharp and hot humors and brings rest it is made of one ounce of Poppy seeds beaten with so much Rose water after put two ounces of Sugar to it Or make it of equal parts of each Outwardly you must apply cold Epithems to the Heart and Liver Take of Rose water three ounces Borrage Bugloss and Sorrel Water of each two ounces white Wine Vinegar half an ounce the pouder of three Sanders one dram and an half of burnt Ivory half a dram Wood of Aloes one scruple Saffron eight grains Camphire six grains Make an Epitheme for the Heart Take of Lettice and Rose Water of each three ounces Endive and Purslain Water of each two ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce white and red Sanders and burnt Ivory of each one scruple Camphire and Spicknard of each six grains the pouder of Diarrhodon one dram Make an Epitheme for the Liver Let the Liver and the Loyns be anointed with this Oyntment Take of the Vnguent of Roses one ounce and an half the cerate of Sanders one ounce the Juyce of Lettice and Oyl of Roses of each half an ounce Make a Liniment Let the Breast be anointed with supling Oyls as Oyl of Violets and the like Apply cloaths wet in Water and Vinegar to the Stones or Cods or which is better let them be wet with Rose water and Vinegar It is good to wash the feet with an actually hot decoction made of cold things for it will soften those parts by its hot moisture and make the humors descend and its potential coldness will be communicated to al the Body and to the Brain especially by the Nerves whereby sleep will be provoked It is made thus Take of Violets Mallows Willow Leaves Vine Leaves Water-lillies of each two handfuls the flowers of Roses and Water-lillies of each one handful Poppy heads ten Make a Decoction for the use aforesaid Fair Water may suffice to wash the Feet and if the feet of the sick man be put therein when it is a little warmed for three or four hours it frees him from his Delirium and makes him sleep The same effect is wrought by Housleek beaten into a Cataplasm and laid to the soals of the feet and also by Pompions or Guords beaten and so applied Sweet Scents often applied to the Nose cool the Brain they are prepared after this manner following Take of Violet flowers and Water-lillies of each one pugil of Roses two pugils yellow Sanders one scruple Tie them in a clout and dip it into Rose water and let the Patient smel to it often Or Take of yellow Sanders Roses and Water-lillies of each one dram Camphire half a scruple put them with Rose water into a narrow mouth'd Vessel Let them boyl over the fire and after let the Patient receive the vapor at his Nose But because watchings do chiefly trouble in this Disease you must use all your skill from the beginning of the Disease to provoke sleep For which the repelling Medicines before mentioned are very good especially if you anoint the head with Oyl of Violets cold before you apply Rose Vinegar which is good against watchings and Convulsions which come in this disease But the Medicines following will do it more powerfully Take of the heads of white Poppies with their seeds in number six the flowers of Water-lillies two pugils beat them together and with Rose and Lettice water make them like a pultiss which apply to the forehead between two cloaths Note that in Medicines to provoke sleep you must use but little Vinegar because it causeth watching Take of Lettice flowers one handful and an half Roses half a handful white poppy seeds half an ounce boyl them in water till they grow soft stamp them in Barley Meal and womans Milk of each haâ—f an ounce and a little Oyl of Violets Make a Frontal thereof Take of Oyl of Violets water-lillies and new Oyntment of Poplar of each three drams Opium and Oyl of Nutmegs of each three grains Mix them into a Liniment to anoint the Forehead and Temples Great Housleek bruised with Womans Milk and laid to the Forehead appeaseth a Phrenzy and provokes sleep But as soon as the Patient begins to sleep you must take it away lest he fall into a Coma or sleeping Disease Guords of Pompions do the same thing with less danger Penotus doth extol this Epitheme Take of Musk twelve grains Camphire twenty grains red Rose water in which Sanders hath been infused twenty ounces mix them Shave the head and wet double cloaths therein and apply them warm to all the Sutures of the head When they are dry wet them again and continue the application twenty four hours and so doing you shall provoke sleep strengthen the brain and wonderfully recover the Patient except the very substance of the brain be corrupted Inwardly you may give one ounce of Syrup of Poppies somtimes in his Juleps and Emulsions Or you may give four or five grains of Laudanum which also given in a Clyster doth provoke sufficiently to sleep and with more safety The Physitian must be wary in the use of Narcoticks or Medicines that provoke sleep for they must not be given if the Patient be very weak lest the Spirits and Natural heat be thereby extinguished Having sufficiently used Evacuations Revulsions Derivations and Interceptions we must come to the bringing forth of the matter And first we must open the forehead vein if it appear and may be taken not tying a Ligature about the Neck as usually they do for so the blood will be forced upwards But you may with most profit open the veins in the nostrils and if the Disease be any waies curable it will be cured thus You must bleed plentifully and betimes in the beginning of the Disease after you have made general Evacuations And they are opened with Bristles put up into the Nose and pricking often therewith Or you may draw blood from behind the Ears from the Nostrils Forehead Hemorrhoids with Hors-letches Apply to the Head things that resolve with things that repel in that proportion that first you use a little of the resolvers and as the disease declineth encrease the quantity so that at length you use only resolvers to discuss the reliques of the Disease For this end we use Oyl
but you must mix some thickning things that may constrain the humor as red Roses Mastich Coriander Nutmeg and other things which we shall declare more at large in the hot Catarrh You may make an Errhine for this purpose as followeth Take of Marjoram Water four ounces the Juyce of Bettony one ounce Nigella or Gith seeds poudered half a dram Nutmeg one scruple For rich people you may ad two grains of Musk and Amber-greece Or Take of Lignum vitae one ounce Spring Water one pint Infuse it all night upon warm embers then boyl it to the consumption of half adding in the conclusion sweet Marjoram and red Rose leaves of each two pugils So when the matter is but thin you may make a Masticatory either of Mastich alone or after this manner Take of Nutmeg one dram Mastich and Gum Arabick of each half a dram Pouder them with Rose water make Troches to chew The best Neesing is made of black Hellebore and Sugar equal parts The Extract of Tobacco made in Aqua vitae and held under the tongue in the bigness of a Pease brings forth abundance of Water but if you take too much or swallow it down it will cause violent vomiting We have shewed that Cauteries to the Arms hinder part of the Head and behind the Ears are very good as also to the nape of the Neck and Shoulders which are now adaies in great request But there is a new place found out by some namely in the Neck neer the Jugular veins between the Muscles And by this means two men have been cured of old Catarrhs which caused hoarsness Finally After convenient Evacuations things that strengthen the Brain and dry it are to be used both internally and externally as Opiates Pouders Bags Fumes described in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Head But you must remember to put unto them some Conserve of Roses Nutmeg or white Frankinsence when you cure a Catarrh The Decoction of Mastich Wood used as a Sudorifick dries the Brain and stops Defluxions For which the following things are good Take of Coriander seed prepared half an ounce Nutmeg and Frankinsence of each three drams Liquoris and Mastich of each two drams Cubebs one dram Conserve of red Roses one ounce white Sugar dissolved in Rose water ten ounces Make a Confection in little rolls weighing three drams Let him take one morning and evening These following Troches are much commended by Solenander Cons 10. Sect. 4. which he borrowed which he borrowed from both the Ancient Greeks and Arabians Take of the best Frankinsence and Juyce of Liquoris of each one dram Opium Saffron and Mirrh of each one scruple With Syrup of Poppies make Troches or Pills to be taken now and then two scruples or half a dram at a time These Tablets following are very good Take of Diambra and Diamoschi dulcis of each one dram white Amber one scruple Oyl of Annis seeds three drops Sugar dissolved in Lavender Water four ounces Make Tablets of two drams in weight take one morning and evening The Balsom for the Head prescribed in the Chapter for the cold distemper after the Opiate is excellent taken inwardly and into the nostrils Lac Sulphuris and the flower of Brimstone are commended by Chymists for the Cure of a Catarrh and the Galenists use it much in Tablets In a new Catarrh Water of Nuts with Hydromel given three nights together doth much hinder it Shave the fore part of the head and apply a Cataplasm of two ounces of Leaven and two drams of Amber But if the Patient will not permit his head to be shaved let it be cut and lay a bag of Chamepits or Groundpine mixt with Amber Besides the afore mentioned Fumes one made of Tacamahaca is excellent for it dries a Catarrh and hinders his Motion neither is the scent too strong but the Patient may shut it into his chamber without offence It is profitable to dry the Head with bags of Bran Gromwel and Salt Leaves of Sage Bettony French Lavender Annis seeds Fennel seeds and the like Lastly If the Disease be stubborn all those Medicines which are mentioned in the cold distemper of the head are to be used A hot Catarrh is Cured by Medicines which discharge the matter offending and which do thicken it and revel it as also by correcting the distemper of the parts sending and receiving it For this end first let blood if nothing hinder by which the humor flowing is revelled and the sharpness abated Then carry away part of the humor by a gentle Purge which may no waies stir violently the humors as followeth Take of the best Rhubarb four scruples Citrine Myrobalans rubbed with the Oyl of sweet Almonds half a dram yellow Sanders half a scruple Infuse them in Lettice and Purslain Water and strain it adding of Manna and Syrup of Roses Solutive of each one ounce Make a Potion Or instead of the Waters afore mentioned you may make a Decoction of cold Herbs and Tamarinds to which you may put your Purgatives Then you must alter and thicken the humor with convenient Juleps Take of Lettice Purslain and Plantane of each one handful the four great cold Seeds white Poppy seeds of each two drams Violets Water-lillies and red Poppies of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining the Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce and an half Make a Julep for three draughts to be taken twice in a day Or instead of this Decoction use the distilled Waters of those Herbs or Emulsions of the four great cold Seeds After use a little stronger Purge putting to the former Senna or Catholicon or Diaprunes or the like A light sweet Medicine thickening and sweetening the humor is made of the Yolks of two new laid Egs dissolved in five or six ounces of spring Water with one ounce of Sugar heat them well and stir them upon the fire and take it as hot as you can morning and evening for three daies together And at last you must labor for a stronger restraning of the flux and thickning of the humor with this Syrup Take of Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce Syrup of Poppies half an ounce Give an ounce at a time in a spoon at Bed time The following Opiate is good for the same purpose Take of old Conserve of Roses six drams the species of Diatragaganth frigid two drams Bole-armenick washt in Rose water two scruples With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate Take the quantity of a smal nut at night This Barley Cream is very profitable Take of clensed Barley as much as is sufficient steep it six hours and then boyl it well and strain it then take three ounces of blanched sweet Almonds Pompion seeds husked one ounce and an half Melone seeds one ounce white Poppy and Lettice of each half an ounce Beat them together and with Barley Water take out the Milk which with two pound of the Pulp
it which few other Medicines have It clenseth very powerfully without any sharpness The same Fonseca sayes the Water following is admirable Take many Swallows beat them with their feathers in a Morter put to every pound of them four ounces of bread crums of white wine four pints infuse them six dayes and distil them in Balneo till they are dry then set that Water in a Glass in the Sun for twenty dayes and drop it into the eyes morning and evening There is a Water made of Rosemary flowers which discusseth Films in the Eyes after this manner Take of Rosemary-flowers as many as are sufficient to fill a Glass which must be well stopt and set it in the Wall against the South Sun thence will an Oyl come which with a feather anoint the Eyes with Some Authors commend the Galls of Beasts because they clense and discuss strongly but they cause pain with their sharpness and therefore are seldom used Forrestus Obs 35. Lib. 1â— commends a certain Fish in his Country out of whose Liver there comes a moisture by which he saith Cataracts are presently as by a miracle Cured See in the place cited the use of it William Lozellus saith That he hath Cured many stark blind after universal Medicines have been used with this Water Take of the Liver of a sound Goat two pound Calamus Aromaticus and Honey of each half an ounce the juyce of Rue three drams the Waters of Celondine Vervain Fennet Eyebright of each three ounces Long Pepper Nutmeg and Cloves of each two drams Saffron one scruple Rosemary-flowers bruised half an handful Sarcocol and Aloes of each three drams the Gall of Ravenous Birds Capons or Partridges one ounce let those that are to be sliced be sliced and that are to be bruised be bruised then mixed altogether with two ounces of white Sugar and six drams of Honey of Roses cast them into an Alembick of Glass and distil them in Balneo Mariae with a gentle fire keep this Water in a Glass close stopt for precious which you may drop twice or thrice in a day into the eye affected Zacutus Lusitanus commends the Water following in these words For an old Disease in the Eyes called Ophtalmia or any other which cometh of overmuch moisture and gross humors and mists as in thickness whiteness the Haw and Suffusion this Water is the best in his Experience if after sufficient Purging you drop six drops cold every night three hours after meat into the Eyes then about two hours after you shall have Water flow out of them in abundance Take of Aloes three drams Rue Fennel and Pettony of each two handfuls Vervain and Tormentil of each one handful Sarcocol three drams the froth of Nitre two drams and a half Sugar Candy three ounces syrup of Roses four ounces the Vrin of a yong Boy half a pint Lizzards dung three drams Horehound three handfuls Eyebright one handful and a half Ginger Spicknard long Pepper Cloves and Tutty of each two drams Balsom three drams Honey of Roses two ounces Verdegreese one dram Licium two scruples Radish leaves one handful powder those which are to be powdered mix them and infuse them in the best white wine in a Still putting to a fourth part of the best Honey for ten dayes and stir them daily then Distill them and keep the Water The same Zacutus commends the Oyntment following in these words For the drying up of moisture flowing from the Head into the Eyes and for Purging them by the Corners very strongly this Magistral Oyntment is excellent being applied after universal Evacuations from the Head and the whole Body let the upper Eye-brows be anointed lightly therewith morning and evening twice in a day three hours after meat one hour after there will slow plentiful Water from the corners of the Eye especially from the great corner Take of the Oyl of Roses three ounces Rose-water nine ounces Camphire one dram Tutty one scruple Honey two ounces the Gall of a Goat half an ounce Lupin meal half a dram Aloes Succotrine one dram Sugar candy half a dram the juyce of Horebound Fennel and Rue of each half an ounce Mirrh one scruple Ammoniacum half a dram Sarcocol one dram and a half Pouder them that may mix them and boyl them a little with a gentle fire and the grease of a Goat or Sheep and a little wax make an Oyntment according to art Finally when al Medicines fail when the Disease is almost desperate it were good to try an experience with the Oyntment of Quicksilver which Fonseca saith was his invention yet seldom used for in his 19. Consultat lib. 1. he thus saith I have thought sometimes that the Vnction used for the Cure of the French Pox hath power to take away Cataracts in their beginning and increase by the same reason that it takes away the Humors remaining in the Eyes from the French Pox for by it the Head may be so Purged that a Cataract may be Cured and I have determined to make tryal of it Fonseca had much commended his Judgment if he had seen Skenkius his Observation 309. Lib. 1. which is taken out of the 5. Book of Alexander Trajanus Petronus of the French Pox Cap. 1. One saith he before he had the French Pox was blind of one Eye with a Cataract or thick Suffusion by the Vnction with Quick-silver was freed wonderfully from his Pox and Cataract both at once Neither is it without reason that Cataracts may be dissolved with that Vnction when we see by Experience that very hard Tumors of thick and gross Flegm are powerfully dissolved by the Vnction of Quick-silver When a Cataract can be dissolved with no other Medicines the last Remedy is the Chirurgical Operation which with a Needle put into the Eye after the matter of the Cataract being thick and turned to a little skin thrusteth it to the lower part of the Eye so that the sight is restored as if a window were opened This Operation is successful sometimes but often not But when the case is so that no hope remains of other wayes it is better according to the Opinion of Celsus formerly Commended to try an uncertain Medicine than none But it useth not to be tryed by reason of its uncertainty by ordinary Chirurgions but of Quacksalvers who go to and fro practising and therefore the time and manner of the Operation is to be left only to them But because those things ought not to be hid from a Physitian you may find them exactly treated on in divers Practical Authors when the Cataract is Cured Whether it be with dissolving Medicines or manual Operation you must use a course of Physick long after because there is a great fear of a Relapse For the Eyes having been much weakned by a long Disease are very ready to receive any Defluxion again from the brain Therefore you must follow the usual Purging you must have Issues continually for diversion and use often strengtheners
the Cure of the Ophthalmy must here be used Afterwards we must apply Topicks or Medicines to the part which at the first must gently repel and discuss such as were laid down for them in the treaty of the encrease of Ophthalmy which are most proper when there is an Inflamation also as it often falleth out Afterwards you may uâ—e more drying and dissolving Medicines such as are described for the state and declination of Ophthalmy and especially the Oyntments there set down which are very proper to discuis and dry up Pustles Chap. 11. Of the Vlcers in the Cornea and Adnata AFter an Ophthalmy there followeth often Ulcers in the Tunicles called Cornea and Adnata when it comes to suppuration They follow also the Phlyctaenae or Pustles which bred in the Cornea but not till they break They also use to come from sharp corroding humors flowing into the Eyes There are divers sorts of these Ulcers mentioned in Authors taken from their divers circumstances as they are superncial or profound broad or narrow and according as they differ in shape and figure and the like So a hollow narrow and hard Ulcer is called Bothrion or Fossula like a little trench A broad and not so deep an Ulcer is called Coil oma That which cometh in the Circle Iris is called Argemon or Vlcus Coronale Finally that which is deep and hard is called Epicayma and Egcayma The knowledg of Ulcers is easie for they may be seen If the Ulcer be in the Cornea there will be a smal white blemish in the black of the Eye if in the Adnata there wil be a smal white blemish in the white of the Eye because the Veins of the Tunicle Adnata are ful of blood The Ulcer of the Eyes are dangerous and hard to be cured but more in the Cornea than in the Adnata An Ulcer in the Pupilla is more dangerous because after it is cured it wil leave a Scar which wil hinder the perspicuity of the Cornea and so the sight wil be hurt and if the whol Tunicle be corroded the Watery Humor wil flow out and the Uvea start forth The Cure of this Disease as of other Ulcers is By clensing and drying means but they must be very gentle by reason of the tenderness of the part and exquisitness of the sence But you must first use such things as revel and hinder the flux or humors from the Eyes as in Ophthalmy either old or new were declared And if there be an Inflamation with it you mix must things that are proper for that With which also you may use things that asswage pain if there be any These things do moderately dry and clense Sugar Honey Saffron Mirrh Frankinsence Aloes Sarcocol Tutty and Ceruss of which you may make these following Medicines Take of Barley and Foenugreek Water boyled four ounces the best Honey half an ounce or of the Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Make a Collyrium to wash the Eyes often Take of Vervain and Plantane Water of each two ounces Sugar candy half an ounce Mix them for a Collyrium Take of the Water of Honey distilled in Balneo and of Rose water of each equal parts Or Take a hard Egg peel'd cut it in two pieces and taking out the Yolk fill the hollow with the pouder of Sugar candy tie it fast and hang it in a Wine Celler and you shall have a Water drop from it which is excellent to clense the Eyes without pain But if you wil have it stronger mix the Pouder of Mirch with your Sugar candy Montanus highly commends this Pouder following Take Twenty Whites of new laid Eggs put them in a pewter dish in the Sun till they are dry then pouder them finely with as much Sugar and this pouder put into the Eyes doth much good without causing pain In the Progress of this Disease if you will clense and dry more put to the former Medicines the white Troches of Rhasis Frankinsence Aloes Mirrh Sarcocol or the like but in a smal quantity lest it be too sharp and also mix them with Milk white of an Eg some Mucilages and other Anodines or things that mitigate and asswage pain Tutty is the best for it causeth no pain and dryeth and healeth therefore Collyriums or Unguents are good that are made thereof And chiefly the Oyntment prescribed in the cure of Ophthalmy which hath in it a great quantity of Tutty This following is very clensing drying and healing Take of Sarcocol steep'd in Rose Water Ceruss and washed Aloes Mirrh and Tutty prepared of each half a dram Sugar candy one dram With the Mucilage of Gum Traganth drawn with Rose Water make a Collyrium with which anoint the Eye-lids Chap. 12. Of a Cancer in the Cornea AS a Cancer may come in other parts so somtimes it breeds in the Eyes And though the knowledg and Cure of a Cancer is in the Treatise of external Diseases yet we wil speak briefly here of those things which properly belong to a Cancer in the Eye A Cancer is either occult or hidden or ulcerated The occult is reckoned among Tumors and it is called a Cancerous Tumor or Cancer of the Eye But the ulcerated is called a Cancerous Ulcer in the Eye But in both there is an unequal hardness a blew Lead color a strong pricking pain especially about the Head and Temples the Veins adjoyning are blew and very full Somtimes adust and sharp blood floweth from the part affected when the Cancer is ulcerated And this pain is encreased by any warm Medicines This Disease is incurable as wel in the Eye as in any other part when it is fixed except it be taken away by manual operation Authors propound two waies of Cure namely a True and a Palliative A true Cure as was said cannot be wrought but by Chyrurgery when the Cancer is fixed but when it is new in the beginning it may be cured by often evacuation of the Chollerick humor first having let blood as Galen teacheth 2. ad Glauconem cap. 10. where he boasteth that he hath often cured this disease adjoyning a convenient Diet with the aforesaid Physick A Palliative Cure which tends only to the mitigation of Symptoms is done not only by the aforesaid Evacuations ' but also by convenient Topicks First then you must appoint a convenient Diet such as is good against burnt Cholleâ— and it must be cooling and moistning Then draw Blood on the same side and apply Horsleeches behind the Ears and also to the Hemorrhoids if they do appear applying Cupping Glasses to the Shoulders and use other kinds of Revulsions You must also prepare and Purge Melancholly by Potions Apozemes opening Broaths by Magistral Syrups and the like But above al for the purging of Melancholly black Hellebor wel prepared is the best and by giving the Extract thereof twice or thrice we have somtimes cured a Cancer in the beginning These Remedies do exceedingly diminish the Humors that flow to the Eyes and take away
and first open the Veins called Ranulae under the Tongue it is commended by Hippocrates Galen and the Modern Physitians by which the blood which doth immediately cause the inflamation is drawn forth The Ancients in a desperate Angina open the Jugulars which though some late Writers have approved yet it is out of fashion being thought dangerous by reason of the bleeding which can scarcely be stopped by reason of the largeness of the Veins But Experience hath taught that this operation is not so dangerous if it be well administred First then bend the Patients Head on one side as much as you can til his chin almost touch his shoulder then open the Vein without a Ligature with a smal Orifice according to its longitude for so it will more easily cicatrize and having taken a sufficient quantity of blood bring the Head to its natural position and so somtimes the blood will stop of its self But you must presently apply Galens Emplaster described 5. Meth. Cap. 4. made of Hares hair Aloes Frankinsence and the white of an Egg so the flux of Blood is surely stopped Trallianus reports in Lib. 4. Cap. 1. that he cured many of the Squinzy with opening of the Jugular Veins and Zacutus Lucitanus obser 89. lib. 1. Praxis admir tells of a Spaniard which was cured of a most violent Angina A Cupping-glass with Scarrification under the Chin is good for derivation by which Zacutus Lucitanus obs 88. lib. 1. Prax. adm saith he cured a woman of a Cunagche or dog Squinzy Scarrifications under the Jaws and upon the Neck are good if deep by which means Benivenius faith in lib. de abdit morb caus cap. 38. Nicholas Rota was cured of a desperate Angina whose story Sennertus hath fully related Pract. Med. lib. 2. part 1. cap. 24. While the aforesaid Medicines are used the inflamation of the Throat and Jaws is to be allayed with Topicks and they are to be varied according to the time as in other inflamations so in the first Repelling Medicines are good made into Gargarisms that they may presently touch the part inflamed Take of Plantane Nightshade and Woodbine Water of each three ounces Syrup of Mulberries three ounces Sal prunellae one dram and an half Make a Gargarism Or of a Decoction thus Take of Plantane Sorrel and the tops of Brambles of each one handful the Grains of Sumach half an ounce one Pomegranate beaten with grains and peel red Roses one pugil make a Decoction to a pint Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Mulberries and the composition made of Nuts of each one ounce and an half Sal prunella two drams Make a Gargarism Concerning Gargarisms you must observe that they are to be suspected because the parts inflamed are moved thereby which should be at rest but you may remedy that if you hold the Gargarism in the Mouth turning backwards and not move it Without Gargling you may use the Spirit of Salt Sulphur or Vitriol which mixed with Water to qualifie their sharpness are to be taken by little and little for by passing through the part affected they qualifie its heat and being sent from the Stomach to the Liver and Veins it allaies the heat of the blood which remedy is also good in the Inflamation of the Jaws and Tonsils While you use repelling Gargarisms you must apply outwardly to the neck loosning and resolving Liniments that the matter may be brought forth thus made Take of Oyl of Chamomel Lillies and sweet Almonds of each one ounce Hens grease and fresh Butter of each one ounce and an half Saffron one scruple Make a Liniment to be applied with greazie wool This Liniment will asswage pain which if violent it may be qualified also with a Gargarism made of Milk or an Emulsion made of the four cold great seeds or of Mucilages of Fleabane and Quinces drawn with Rose water adding Syrup of Violets or Cassia dissolved in Whey or in a Decoction of Marsh-mallow Roots After the beginning of the Disease when it encreaseth or is at a stand you must mix Digesters and Dissolvers with Repellers which must be done the second day because the Disease is most acute Take of the Leaves of Hysop and Plantane of each one handful Liquoris Raisons stoned of each one ounce fat Figs twelve red Roses and Barley of each one pugil make a Decoction of a pint Dissolve in the straining Honey of Roses and Syrup of Violets of each one ounce Make a Gargarism Observe That as long as the Inflamation continueth you must mix some things that repel with Dissolvers and Astringents lest the part which by Nature is soft should be more relaxed and made more fit to receive a defluxion But outwardly you must apply Dissolvers most with a Swallows nest which by the Opinion of all Writers hath a specifical property against this Disease Take of the pouder of a Swallows nest and of Album Graecum of each one dram the pouder of Flower-de-luce Roots and Chamomel of each half a dram Hens grease and Oyl of Lillies of each one ounce yellow Wax a little Make a Liniment Or it may be made into a Cataplasm thus Take one Swallows nest Mallows Violets of each one handful Althaea Roots Lilly Roots of each half an ounce fat Figs three or four Chamomel and Melilot Flowers of each one pugil boyl them and beat them then put to them Barley meal Linseeds and Foenugreek of each three drams Saffron one scruple fresh Butter one ounce Oyl of Chamomel and sweet Almonds of each as much as will make a Cataplasm to be applied to the fore part of the Neck In the mean while you may use Eclegma's or things to be licked now and then that the matter which breaths forth of the part or falls upon it from the head may be clensed Take of the pouder of the Electuary of Diatragacanth frigid two drams Simple Diaireos one dram Sugar-candy and Penides of each half an ounce Diamoron one ounce Syrup of Jujubes as much as is sufficient Make a Lohoch If the Tnmor will not be discussed but tendeth to suppuration which useth to be upon the fourth or fifth day you shall assist it with the Cataplasm aforesaid and other Emollients and Suppuratives and he must hold those Medicines at the same time in his mouth which was prescribed formerly for asswaging of pain Or Take of sliced Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce fat Figs six Althaea and Quince seeds of each two drams the flowers of Chamomel one pugil boyl them in Hydromel Dissolve in the straining boyled Wine two ounces Make a Gargarism It is also good to hold Cassia new drawn in the mouth that by degrees it may dissolve into the Throat for it asswageth pain dissolveth and maturateth If the Tumor come to suppuration which may be known by the decrease of symptomes and will not break let the sick man or some about him put their fingers into his mouth and endeavor to break the imposthume which
followeth in many Hence Aretaeus reckoneth a wind in the Midriff and belchings without reason among the signs of an Asthma at hand which certainly do come from a crude matter moved in the Midriff That flatulent matter doth of its self somtimes produce another kind of Asthma which is called Asthma flatulentum or Hypochondriacum when many thick vapors rising from the Hypochondria do compress the Diaphragma and hinder its motion whence comes great difficulty of breathing without snorting The Knowledg of this Disease and its kinds may be by what hath been said In a Dispnoea the breath is thick without noise or anhelation and with less trouble In an Asthma the Breast is more heavy the Breath thicker and quicker with anhelation snorting and wheesing But in Orthopnoea the Patient cannot breath but with his neck upright and if they lie down they are ready to be choaked The Signs of the Causes are these If Asthma come from gross humors gathered in the Lungs the difficulty of breathing comes by degrees by little and little and is continual But if Humors come at a distance from other parts into the Lungs the difficulty of breathing is not continual For albeit Asthma which comes from matter contained in the Lungs useth to be encreased by external causes as Anger Southernly winds and the like yet in Asthma which comes from matter flowing from another part the encrease is more manifest If this matter come from the brain there is a manifest Catarrh but if no signs of a Cararrh appear you must conjecture that the matter comes by the Veins to the Lungs and the swelling of the feet and evil habit of body called Cachexia is a sign that the Liver is affected If a thick humor be contained in the Bronchia of the Lungs the Respiration is with noise and cough as also by spitting the disease ceaseth or is diminished If the Humor be in the Veins or substance of the Lungs there is no noise and there is seldom any spitting by Cough As to the Prognostick An Asthma is a Chronical disease and very hard to be cured and often ends in a Cachexia or Dropsie Yong men are somtimes cured and not without great labor but old men never Infants except they be speedily cured die by a Catarrh which followeth They who grow crooked upon an Asthma or Cough die before they come to ripeness of age because the gibbosity hindereth the convenient growth of the breast nevertheless get their due encrease and bigness but having not room enough to dilate themselves from whence the heat of the Heart being not sufficiently fanned the patient dieth A Pleuresie or Peripneumonia commg upon an Asthma is deadly because the Lungs being weakned by a long disease cannot resist so great a disease coming thereupon and expel the matter The Cure of the Asthma is two-fold namely in the Paroxysme and out or it In the fit presently you must open a Vein a Clyster being given if the blood do seem any way to abound for when the Veins are empty of blood the Respiration is more free But if the disease be elder and blood hath been often drawn it is better to abstain from bleeding because by diminishing the natural heat it will encrease flegm It is good to open the Veins in the Ancles in this disease coming by consent from other parts After bleeding or if it be omitted as not thought fit you must purge flegm with the things prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the brain putting to them alwaies things proper for the breast as much as may be Vomits althongh disallowed by some in this disease yet are they most convenient as frequent experience hath taught and somtimes the sit is taken away with a vomit only Among these the chief is Aqua Nicotiana or Tobacco Water given in the quantity of an ounce and it may be made into a Syrup with Sugar In want whereof you may use the Salt of Vitriol Aqua benedicta Rulandi Now the reason is excellent why Vomits do so much good in this disease For while the thin humor falling from the head insinuateth it self into the Aspera Arteria and the Bronchia of the Lungs and the thick falls into the Stomach and is there so fixed that it can scarcely be taken away And while the weak heat of the Stomach doth stir the matter thick vapors are produced which puffing up the Stomach compress the Diaphragma and cause difficulty of breathing Hence it comes that when the Stomach is emptied the fit ceaseth or is much less Moreover An Asthma somtimes nay often according to Sennertus cometh of crude humors about the Liver and in the Veins which are carried by the Vena Arteriosa into the Lungs and compress the Bronchia from whence cometh an Asthma For the evacuating and revelling of these humors from the Lungs a Vomit is very good As also for this cause the Remedies purging humors downward are very excellent The Juyce of our Flowerdeluce doth gently move and purge downward taken to the quantity of half an ounce with one ounce of Hippocras which Placerus in his Observations saith he hath used with good success You may give two ounces of the juyce of Flowerdeluce if the former did work sufficiently Also you may use sharp Clysters often for revulsion But they must be given in smal quantities lest by filling the Bowels the Diaphragma be compressed You must also use Frictions to the inferior parts and apply many Cupping-glasses thereon as also to the Neck Afterwards you must extenuate and dissolve the thick humors and discuss the vapors that come from them For which purpose you may give a spoonful of Cinnamon Water either by its self or with Syrup of Violets as Take of Cinnamon Water two ounces Syrup of Violets one ounce or instead of that mix with the Water one ounce of Oxymel to discuss the humors better It is also profitable to give three four or five drops of Chymical Oyl of Sage Rosemary or Annis feeds with a little Wine or sprinkle therewith the Tablets of Diatragacanth frigid and so let the Patient eat them Others commend one scruple of Saffron given in a spoonful of Wine Also Aqua Clareta thus made is very good Take of Aqua vita four ounces Water of Colts-foot and Scabious of each two ounces Cinnamon six drams strain them through an Hippocras Bag. Let him take two or three ounces Tobacco taken in a pipe hinders the sit so doth the Leaf chewed and also the smoak of Cloves in a pipe In the mean time you must use expectorating Medicines which bring forth the thicker matter upwards As Take of the Syrup of Horehound Liquoris and Coltsfoot of each two ounces Oxymel simple one ounce Mix them and let him lick it by little and little Take of washed Turpentine one ounce Ammoniacum two scruples Flower of Brimstone one scruple mix them into soft pills of which let him take one every second hour with half an ounce
at some distance apply often those Cupping-glasses to the Hypochondria or under the Ribs And let him take the following Julep thrice every day Take of Plantane and Poppy Water of each two ounces Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Lapis Prunellae one dram Mix them for a Julep Lastly You must often purge the serous and Chollerick humors which make the blood more thin and fluid with Medicines that have an astringent Vertue As Take of Rhubarb one dram yellow Myrobolans half a dram Tamarinds half an ounce Infuse them in Plantane Water strain it and dissolve in it Pouder of Rhubarb half a dram Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Make a Potion Then give Medicines that close the Orifices of the Vessels by an astringent quality but such as will not retain the blood in the Breast by too much astriction therefore mix somtimes with them such as dissolve and expectorate the congealed blood which is out of the Vessels Of all which these following are the best Take of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata both sorts of Coral Blood-stone of each half a dram Sugar of Roses half an ounce With one white of an Egg well beaten with Rose Water make a Lohoch Or you may make one more speedily and more pleasant thus Take of the Water of the white of an Egg well beaten two drams Sugar of Roses one ounce white Starch three drams Mix them for a Lohoch Or Take of Conserve of Roses and the greater Comfry of each one ounce Bole-Armenick and Terra Sigillata of each one dram With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate to be often held in the mouth and swallowed by degrees Take of Conserve of dried Roses Troches of Amber and of sealed Earth of each half a dram prepared Pearls one scruple Sugar of Roses as much as of all the rest Mix them and let him take a spoonful thereof one hour before meat Take of the Juyce of Purslain twelve ounces Sugar eight ounces Boyl them to a Syrup of which let him often lick This is the best for spitting of blood And if you want Purslain you may take Plantane The Syrup of Comfry according to Fernelius prescribed by Bauderon is good for the same Take of Yarrow with the white Flower and yellow Flower of each two handfuls Green Roots of Tormentil with the Leaves if they may be had otherwise of the dry one ounce the greater Burnet one handful Conserve of red Roses half a pound spring Water sixteen pints put them in a glassed pot covered and luted that the vapors may not come forth then boyl them in Balneo Mariae sixteen hours keep the straining in a glass and take six ounces thereof every morning noon and night Take of the Troches of Amber one dram Plantane and Rose Water of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Mirtles and dried Roses of each half an ounce Mix them for a Julep Take of Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple Plantane Water four ounces Mix them for a Potion This presently stops blood coming either by Cough or Vomiting Two spoonfuls of Syrup of Coral taken every day is good against all manner of bleeding But the Tincture of Coral drawn with Juyce of Lemmons is more powerful Quercetan in his Dispensatory prescribeth this following Water against spitting of blood which is very excellent Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Comfry and Tormentil of each one ounce Knotgrass Yarrow Veronica Winter-Green Sanicle Shepheards-purse with the Roots of each one handful Bramble tops and Mastich wood of each half a handful Sumach and Myrtle berries the seeds of Plantane Barberries and white Poppies of each six drams the flowers of Water Lillies Guords Quinces and red Roses of each two pugils Bruise them and mix them then steep them four daies at the fire in the Juyces of Plantane Purslain Sorrel and Agrimony of each two pints then strain them well and put to them Acacia and Hypocistis or Conserve of sloes of each two ounces sealed Earth Bole-Armenick of each half an ounce the Electuary of Diatragacanth frigid two drams then macerate them again four daies and distill them Take two or three spoonfuls of this Water alone or with some proper Syrup The Chymical Oyl of Amber doth pierce astringe and dry powerfully if you give two drops thereof in Plantane Water As Cesalpinus teacheth in his Speculum Artis Medicae Mercurialis in his consultations doth highly commâ—nd the seeds of white Poppies or white Heâ—ane to be tak en every morning in the quantity of a dram with Sugar of Roses and Syrup of Purâ—â—ane So you may also use the white Diacodium or Syrup of Poppies prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy Amatus Lucitanus doth highly commend the Juyce of Nettles in these words They which have vomited blood after they have been given over by Physitians have been cured only by the juyce of Nettles drunk five or six daies fasting in the quantity of four ounces and by Nettle Broth. Sanguis Draconis doth wonderfully conglutinate all inward Veins if you give half a dram thereof with Plantane Water or other proper Liquor or Medicine The usual Pills to hold under the Tongue may be made thus Take of the Mucilage of Gum Arabick and Tragacanth drawn with Plantane Water of each two drams Mummy and Mastich of each one dram Sugar of Roses as much as will make Pills of which let him hold one continually in his mouth And take this following Pouder in his Broths Take of red Coral and prepared Pearl of each half a dram Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each two drams Make a Pouder Or boyl white Poppy seeds and Sumach tied in a clout in his Broth. Narcoticks are good in this case and you must use them thus Take of Syrup of Poppies Jujubes and dried Roses of each one ounce Mix them and take a spoonful every night Or Take of Syrup of Poppies and Purslain of each three drams Terra Sigillata half a dram Purslain and Plantane Water of each one ounce and an half Make a Potion to be taken at night Or Take of Syrup of Myrtles and Poppies of each one ounce Bole-Armenick half a dram mix them to be taken at night Somtimes you may give Treacle of four months old as Galen teacheth 5. Method cap. 13. or Philonium Romanum or Laudanum Platerus reports that he cured one only with the Troches of Winter Cherries with Opium dissolved in Goats milk taken some daies and also that he cured a Woman with one ounce and an half of Manna given in Broth and with blood and the use of the Tablets following morning and evening for many daies Take of the Seeds of white Henbane poudered finely two scruples red Coral half a dram Gum Arabick one scruple new Violets ten the Juyce of Barberries two drams Sugar dissolved in Rose and Plantane Water two ounces Make Tablets Trallianus lib. 7. cap. 1. doth highly commend the Blood-stone by which he saith that he cured many giving it to four scruples with
pugil Liquoris scraped and Raisons stoned of each three drams Jujubes four the flowers of Bugloss and Violets of each half a pugil boyl them to three ounces In the straining dissolve Rhubarb infused in Scabious Water with yellow Sanders four scruples Manna one ounce Syrup of Roses half an ounce Make a Potion Or give two ounces of Manna with Chicken or ordinary Broth. Or make a Bolus of Cassia one ounce and one scruple of the pouder of Liquoris In the beginning you may give stronger purges for to draw down the salt and sharp Catarrh which is the chief Cause of the Ulcer such as are prescribed in a hot Catarrh Also before the body be too lean at the first you may let blood to allay the Feaver and the acrimony of the humor But in the beginning of the Cure you must stay and divert the Catarrh from the Breast otherwise all other things will be in vain And all those things which were prescribed for the Cure of a hot Catarrh are good in this case Besides a Seton to the Neck is very good And Fabricius Hildanus reports that he cured many by this way At length you must come to the Cure of the Ulcer for which give things that clense knit and expectorate Many there are of this nature But these following are the best Milk doth hit all intentions for Cure It clenseth with its serous parts it conglutinateth with its coagulating part and nourisheth and refresheth with its unctious part But there are divers kinds of Milk and Womans Milk is the best because it is more agreeable to our Natures especially if it be sucked from the breast Platerus affirms that he knew many cured by the use thereof and that one of them did not only recover but grew so strong that least his Nurse should want milk for him he got her with child again But because many will not endure that sort Asses Milk is commended which because it is very full of Whey doth easily pierce into the Veins and excellently clense the Ulcer the next to this is Goats Milk Let the Ass be fed with Plantane Vine Leaves Brambles Polyganon Grass Barley and Rye Let him drink it new milked warm therefore let the Ass be brought neer the Chamber and be milked into a warm Vessel First let him take it in a smal quantity three or four ounces that his Stomach may be used to it encreasing the quantity by degrees to eight or ten ounces or a pint and least it should grow sowr or curdle in the Stomach and that it may agree better with the Lungs put Sugar of Roses to it one ounce thereof to eight of milk let him not sleep after his Milk immediately but walk gently about the Chamber let him not eat before the Milk be concocted and he find a stomach and that it be more effectual You must not give it in a strong Feaver or when there is a pain in the Head or swelling in the Hypochondria or a Chollerick flux according to Hippocrates Aphor. 64. Sect. 5. Commonly it is taken only once in a day but it is better twice and best if the Patient live only upon it For besides that it doth work more powerfully in a great quantity there is a great profit by not mixing it with Broth and other meats for they will easily putrifie If therefore the Disease be very desperate give Milk after purging every six hours with Manus Christi of Pearl and Coral And least strength should fail let him intermix a restoring distilled Water Sugar of Roses is very profitable as also the Conserve by use whereof Avicen reports that he cured a Woman of a desperate Consumption so that she was not only sound but very fat afterwards Mesue also witnesseth that many have been recovered by the same and he directeth that the Conserve of Roses be new not above a yeer old taken in a great quantity and often with Medicines Meat and drink and also by it self at any hour But first give Clensers because it will otherwise astringe and retain the excrementitious matter in the Lungs But when breath begins to fail and the Patient cannot raise flegm let him take expectorating things as Syrup of Hysop and Coltsfoot and other Lohochs And if heat arise from drying too much give Syrup of Violets Jujubes the Mucilage of Fleabane and Quinces and the like Montanus Valeriola and Forestus say that they have seen some cured by taking Sugar of Roses in great quantities An Apothecary whom I knew in a Consumption made a great quantity of Sugar of Roses for himself and eat it constantly by which he was cured An Infusion of Yarrow Tormentil Burnet and Conserve of Roses made in Balneo Mariae is very good as it is described in the Chapter of spitting of blood if it be used twenty daies together The Decoction of Bugle in Mutton Broth doth excellent against a Consumption and inward ulcers it doth a little gently loosen the belly against the Nature of all the Consolidae Trallianus lib. 7. cap. 1. boasts that he cured many with Blood-stone The preparation and use whereof we have shewed in the Cure of spitting blood The Syrup of the Juyce of Ground Ivy is commended by Quercetan thus made Take of the Juyce of Ground Ivy two pound and an half let it be digested in Balneo Mariae To this Juyce well refined put Sugar of Roses one pound Penides four ounces Boyl them to Syrup to be taken now and then a spoonful He also addeth the flower of Brimstone to it to make it into a Lohoch of which he gives four times in a day and he boasteth that he hath therewith cured many The Syrup of the flowers of St. Johns wort made by Infusion in Balneo Mariae is very good in this Disease as also for all inward ulcers The Syrup of Comfry is excellent for it clenseth healeth and strengtheneth by astringing as also Comphry Roots boyled in Broth It is affirmed that many have been cured by this Hydromel Take of China Roots sliced six ounces Coltsfoot Roots three ounces Burdock and Avens Roots of each three ounces Elicampane Roots two ounces Lungwort Leaves and Scabious Leaves and Roots both the Veronicaes Vlmaria and Herb Two-pence of each two handfuls all the Capillar Herbs of each one handful the tops of Bugle Bettony Cowslip flowers and red Veronica of each four pugils Ground Ivy Leaves and Roots three handfuls Jujubes Dates Sebestens and Raisons stoned of each one ounce and an half Spanish Liquoris one ounce and an half Let them all being well sliced boyl in thirty two pints of spring Water till half be consumed with a little gentle fire ad to the Liquor being strained of the best Honey four pound Boyl it again and skim it then strain it through an Hippocras Bag putting thereto half an ounce of Cinnamon six drams of Coriander seeds Annis and sweet Fennel seeds of each three drams put the Liquor in a large Vessel and let it
part which quickly is gonâ— but you must gather the Nature and quality of the Vapor by the signs of the Humor which aboundeth in any part because vapors do alwaies arise from Humors If the Palpitation come from Humors in the Heart the Disease doth not come so suddenly and continueth longer and you may know what kind of humor it is by the signs of the Humor which abounds throughout the whol Body And especially if it be from Blood from which it most often proceedeth and this is known by a divers and unequal Pulse somtimes great somtimes smal slow and swift to which the Breathing answereth in proportion the Patients heart seemeth to be bound and oppressed as appears by the exceeding heat distension of the Veins redness of Face the time being Spring the Age Region and Diet causing Blood to abound That which comes by consent from other parts is known by the proper signs of the parts affected so we know that it is from the stomach when there is want of Appetite loathing vomiting of base Humors and gnawing at the Stomach A troublesom breathing about the Pancreas or Spleen or any other disease of the Spleen sheweth that the matter lurketh there from whence the vapors fly to the Heart so suppression of the Terms and Hysterical fits declare that it comes from the Womb. The Water abounding in the Pericardium is harder to be known but we may conjecture if the Pulse be weak and faint and the Patient bemoaneth himself that his heart as it were is somtimes in Water and is suffocated and if it be constant and he incline to an Atrophy or Hectick If malignant humors cause it there will be great change in the Pulse a loss of strength somtimes fainting and other signs of malignity If it come from a Tumor there is remarkable variety in the Pulse and the motion of the Heart is different from the natural very unequal and inordinate and if the humor be hot there will be great inflamation in the Body great thirst difficulty of breathing and fainting will follow with death but if the Tumor be hard and in the Pericardium the disease is constant and the Patient decayes by degrees without any manifest cause if flesh or any more solid thing grow to the heart there will be a continual Palpitation from the beginning of the Disease to the end of Life Lastly You may know when it comes by want of Spirits by the precedent causes which destroyed the Spirits and by the quick and smal pulse and when it comes from the least labor or motion Somtimes the like befals them that are well from walking or other motion with a change of Pulse and a resembling Palpitation The Prognostick is to be taken thus It is dangerous from the hinderance of the motion of the Heart by which Life is preserved and it brings Syncopes and death For it is a true Observation of Galen Com. Aph. 41. Sect. 2. and 5. de loc aff cap. 2. All that in youth or in declining age are troubled with the Palpitation of the Heart very much die before they are old for the often Palpitation is a sign that the Vital faculty was very weak A Palpitation by Propriety is worse than by consent and somtimes deadly And that which is of an internal is worse than that which comes of an external Cause unless it be from poyson or some great wound If it come from a Tumor or solution of Unity it is incurable The Cure is various according to the variety of the Causes and first that which comes from a peculiar distemper of the Heart and Pericardium is incurable therefore we must look only at the Cure of that which is by consent which depends upon the divers diseases of the parts whose Cure must be sought in their proper Chapters But besides those Remedies which take away the Cause you must use those which asswage the Symptomes by refreshing the Heart and strengthening it and which discuss the vapors which arise from melancholly or crude waterish Humors as Cordial Juleps Opiates Epithems Perfumes which are prescribed in weakness and these that follow Take of Conserve of Balm Rosemary-flowers Borrage-flowers and Clove-gilly-flowers of each one ounce Confection of Acorns and old Treacle of each one dram the Pouder of Diamber and Diamoschi dulcis of each one scruple with the Syrup of Citron Barks make an Opiate which let him take often Take of Bugloss Rose and Orenge-flower Water of each two ounces the syrup of Clove-gilly-flowers one ounce and an half Cinnamon Water half an ounce the spirit of Roses two drams Confection of Acorns one dram mix them and give two spoonfuls now and then This following Liquor which immitateth the Juyce of Hearts described in the following Chapter is good Take of Hogs or Sheeps Hearts three Cinnamon and Cloves of each one dram Lettice and Sorrel seeds of each one dram and an half white Wine two ounces Borrage Scabious and Rose Water of each one ounce and an half Confection of Alkermes one dram boyl them all between Two Dishes and let him take two spoonfuls of the Liquor morning and evening Take of Red Roses and Rosemary-flowers of each two drams Lavender flowers one dram Angelica seeds Citron peels Cloves Cinnamon and Mace of each half a dram Saffron one scruple Musk and Amber-greece of each six grains Make a Bag with red Silk and sprinkle it with Rose water and white Wine and apply it warm to the Heart Take of Oyntment of Roses half an ounce Oyl of Cinnamon and Cloves of each six drops Musk and Amber-greece of each four grains Mix it for a Liniment for the heart Purging Clysters and Carminative to expel Wind are often to be given But in the Fit it is best to open a vein And Galen witnesseth 5. de loc aff cap. 2. That he never did it without profit Some apply Cupping Glasses without Scarrification to the Breast which they say are excellent to discuss Wind there contained Others to the Hypochondria when the matter of the Disease is there But Zacutus Lusitanus applied a Cupping Glass with Scarrification to the heart with wonderful success as you may read in prax admir obs 133. lib. 1. Others commend true Rhapontick given to two scruples in Wine or Wine wherein the same hath been steeped Chap. 3. Of WEAKNESSE ALthough Weakness of Strength doth generally comprehend the hinderance of al Actions Animal Vital and Natural yet more particularly it comprehends the Vital which are known by a Weak Pulse yet this Weakness useth to be found in al great Diseases in which Nature doth yeild or resist the Cause Therefore as in Palpitation the Action of the Heart that is Pulsation is depraved so in Weakness it is diminished Which is the same with a Syncope but it differs in this In a Syncope it is so little that it is hardly perceived but in Weakness the Pulse is manifest and not so little In this also the Animal Faculty is
alwaies offended Hence comes weak motion without hurt of the Brain Nerves or Muscles but from the defect of Vital Spirits which are not so sufficiently sent to the Head that they may be made Animal The immediate Cause of Weakness is Defect of the natural heat and spirits from which the life and strength of the parts do depend And this Defect is in every part from the Defect of Vital Spirits and heat flowing from the heart Now the Vital Spirits are Defective either because they are not bred many or because they are dissipated after they are Bred or Corrupted or Suffocated as we said in a Syncope where there is this difference That in a Syncope the Causes of Defect of Spirits do suddenly produce their effect but in Weakness they operate by degrees And therefore in Syncopes and Leipothymia al the Vital Spirits almost do suddenly fail but in this there are fewer then ought to be communicated to every part Moreover When the Natural heat wants not only adventitious heat but also radical moisture to feed upon if this moisture be wanting and diminished the natural heat must be less and the strength abated Now the Causes which hinder the spirits from being Generated or maketh them disperse themselves or Corrupt or Suffocate them are propounded in the Treatise of a Syncope The Diagnosis of this Disease needs no Explication because it is manifest and the Patients do complain of their Weakness But the signs of the Causes were Propounded in the Syncope The Prognostick depends upon the various disposition of Causes for as they are greater or less there is more or less danger The Cure of this Disease is to be directed to two things To the taking away of the Cause and the Restauration of the Heart and vital spirits The Causes are almost al great Diseases in which either Nature yeilds to or resisteth with difficulty therefore the taking away of the Cause belongs to the Cure of almost al Diseases which you must take from their proper Chapters But the strengthning of the Heart and restoring of the vital spirits are to be here declared somtimes to be preferred before the Cure of the Cause when death seems to be at hand but we must alwayes take heed least when we encrease the strength we encrease the Cause of the Disease and therefore in a hot Disease you must use more temperate Cordials but in a Cold Disease those that are more hot First then mix Cordials in his nourishment as Confectio Alkermes or Confectio de Hyacyntho in Broths or with pleasant Wine or Cinnamon Water if there be great weakness Boyl also between two Dishes a piece of a Leg of Mutton after the skin and fat is taken off and after that let the Patient drink the Broth being strained at one daught Or Take the Flesh of a Capon after the skin and fat is taken away cut it in pieces and put it in a glassed Pot well Luted and set it in Balneo Martae to boyl for five hours then let the Patient take two or three spoonfuls of the Liquor in all his Broths Or you may make a distilled Water thus Take a Capon or an Hen after the skin is taken off and the fat cut it in pieces then powr upon it Water of Bugloss Borrage Sorrel Roses and Orange Flowers of each half a pound the Pouder of three Sanders Aromaticum Rosatum and Cinnamen of each half an ounce yellow Sanders one ounce Lemmons sliced three Distill them according to art which must be given every hour by the spoonful The Juyce of Legs of Mutton only is of much use Half roast a Leg of Mutton and slash it upon the Spit take the Juyce and boyl it a little in the dish and give it either alone or with Broth or with Yolks of Eggs. Valeriola doth much commend the Juyce taken out of Sheeps Hearts And Zacutus Lucitanus confirms it by his Experience saying That he with this only Medicine a mouth continued cured a rich man who often swouned through weakness of the Vital Faculty and resolution of the Blood and Spirits when many other Medicines had been used in vain The Juyce is thus taken forth Slit the Heart of a Sheep or Goat in the middle then wash it well and last wash it with Rose Water then cut it in slices and put it in a glassed Vassel with a few Cloves and no other Liquor And after the Pot is well luted put it into the Oven after it is drawn till the Juyce come forth Give this to the Patient to drink The Italians use Caudles of Yolks of Eggs Wine Sugar and Cinnamon which is very restorative Zacutus Lucitanus makes a fine dish of twenty Yolks of Eggs as you may see in the 107. Observation Lib. 2. of his Admirable Practice You may make Cordial Juleps thus Take of the Water of Bugloss Roses and Orange flowers of each one ounce Syrup of Apples and Lemmons of each half an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram Cinnamon Water two drams Make a Julep Or make this following mixture Take of white Sugar two ounces moisten it well with the best Cinnamon Water then put to it as much Spirit of Vitriol as is sufficient to make it sharp then ad of the Essence of Cinnamon four drops the Essence of Mace Nutmegs and Annis seeds of each three drops the Essence of Cloves two drops Mix them and take it either by it self or in Broth. You may also make a restoring Opiate thus Take of Conserve of Roses Bugloss Borrage and Clove gilli-flowers of each one ounce Citron Barks and Nutmegs candied of each three drams one candied Myrobalan Confectio Alkermes half an ounce the Spirit of Roses and Essence of Citrons of each half a dram the Essence of Cinnamon six drops With the Syrup of Apples make an Opiate take it often This Water following is excellent Take of the Jelly of Harts-horn drawn with white Wine four pints the Blood of a Lamb and a Calf clensed with the hands from all fibres of each two pints Muschadel Canary and Malago Wine of each three pints of Calfs Hearts cut in pieces four Crums of new white Bread dipped in Milk two pound and an half the Juyce of Balm one pint and an half Rose and Orange Flower Water of each one pint great Citrons sliced three Cinnamon four ounces Mace one ounce Put them in a large glass Still and still them in Balneo Mariae You may make a most excellent and precious Cordial Water after this manner Take of Amber-greese two drams Musk two scruples Lignum Aloes one dram and an half the white part of Benjamin three drams after they are bruised and mixed put them into Spirit of Wine and setting them upon a gentle fire draw out the Tincture fully and then filter off the Liquor and draw off half the spirit with an Alembick upon the ashes with a very gentle fire keep the Liquor close stopped in a Glass with a Cork waxed over and a
bladder of which you may give two three or four drops in Broth or in Juleps or in this following Syrup Take of Cinnamon Water four ounces the best Rose and Orange flower Water of each six ounces Mix them and dissolve therein as much Sugar candy as you can and make it into a Syrup without fire with a spoonful whereof mix four Drops of the aforesaid Cordial Liquor Of the Ingredients remaining from the former Liquor with as much of Damask Roses and four times as much Benjamin you may make Cakes to perfume the Chamber Apply both Liquid and Solid Epithems to the Heart and yong Pidgeons slit and sprinkled with Cordial Pouders Apply to the Stomach bags of Spices dipped in Wine Let the Stones and privy Members be fomented with Confection of Alkermes dissolved in Wine Let the Arteries of the Temples Hands and Feet be touched with Confectio Alkermes adding a little Cinnamon Water Apply this following to the Nose Take of the Leaves of Balm Bazil and Marjoram of each two drams Citron peels yellow Sanders and Cloves of each one dram Saffron half a scruple Amber-greese six grains Musk four grains tie them in a clout and dip them in Rose and Cinnamon Water and smell thereto often Or make a Balsom to anoint the Nostrils with the Chymical Oyls aforesaid of Nutmeg Cinnamon and Cloves with a little Wax The End of the Eighth Book THE NINTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Stomach The PREFACE AS there are divers Actions of the Stomach so there are divers Hinderances of those Actions which Cause variety of Diseases For this part being ordained to Concoct meat and make the Chyle for the performance thereof first it is constrained to desire Meat and Drink by the Appetite which may be diminished abolished or depraved When it is abolished it is called Anorexia Apositia When 't is diminished it is called Inappetentia and Loathing But when it is depraved it is called Doggshungs or Pica or Malacia Too great desire of Drink is called Sitis Morbosa These Diseases mentioned do concern the attractive Faculty they which concern Concoction as it is diminished abollished or depraved are comprehended under the name only of Concoction hindered if the Retentive and Expulsive Faculty be hurt it consists in Vomiting and Hickocks There are divers kinds of Vomitings according to the divers Condition and nature of the Matter Vomited forth And because the Stomach is of exquisite sence of Feeling by reason of the famous Nerve it hath from the sixth Conjugation it is therefore as other sensible Parts subject to pains and it hath somtimes Tumors as other parts and Inflamations Imposthumes and Vlcers That therefore we may in this Book explain all the Ordinary Diseases of the Stomach we will Comprehend it in Eleven Chapters The First Of Inappetentia or Loathing or meat The Second Of Fames Canina or Dogs Appetite The Third Of Pica and Malacia or Green-sickness The Fourth Of Sitis Morbosa or diseased Thirst The Fifth Of Concoction hindered or hurt The Sixth Of Hickocks The Seventh Of Vomiting The Eighth Of Vomiting Blood The Ninth Of the Disease called Chollera The Tenth Of Pain in the Stomach The Eleventh Of its Inflamation Imposthume and Vcer Chap. 1. Of Want of Appetite or Loathing of Meat INappetentia and Loathing is either from the abolished or diminished Action of the stomach When it is Abolished it is called Anorexia Apositia but when it is Diminished it is called Dusorexia but by Custom Anorexia Apositia are used for both The Causes of this Disease are divers which that we may bring into Order let us consider the Natural Causes of Hunger or Appetite These are called by Galen lib. 1. de symp caus cap. 7. Symptomes and are Five The First whereof is emptiness of the parts The Second is the Natural Appetite of those parts so emptied The Third is the Sucking and Attraction of the Mesaraick Veins in the Stomach and Guts The Fourth is the sense of their sucking in the Stomach The Fifth is the Animal Appetite wch cometh from the Nerve in the mouth of the stomach which comes from the Brain and is endued with great sense and feeling As also the Melanchollick Humor which comes from the Spleen to the mouth of the stomach which with its sharpness gnaws the inmost Tunicle of the stomach and is like sawce to stir up Appetite which that it may be natural it is necessary that al those Causes be in Order for if there be any fault in either then there is a hurt or hinderance of Appetite Therefore the First Cause which is Emptiness of Parts if it be wanting there is no Attraction made by them from other parts and the stomach and so there is no Appetite now this Emptiness is wanting either when the parts are filled with plenty of crude juyces by reason of gluttony or drunkenness or for want of exercise or usual evacuations or when there is so much fat that it is sufficient to nourish the parts Also the great stoppage of the pores of the skin doth hinder the emptiness or the parts or great weakness of the natural heat so that it can disperse none or but little of the substance of the Parts or the calling of that heat to the concoction of the matter of a Disease wherby the nourishment of Parts is neglected as in Feavers The Second Cause is Natural Appetite and the Attraction of nourishment to the stomach and this is depraved when the Parts though empty wil not draw by the veins by reason they have lost their strength but languish and forget their duty As happeneth in acute malignant pestilential syntectick and hectick Feavers And in immoderate evacuations as in Flux of the Liver Womb Haemorrhoids Bleeding at the Nose Great Sweat much Lechery long Fasting and the like The Third Cause is The Attraction of the stomach by the Mesaraick Veins which useth to be depraved by stoppage of those veins by which means the empty Parts cannot attract their Chylus nor make the mouth of the stomach sensible so we may perceive in Children troubled with Struma to consume by a long Flux of Chyle by reason al the Mesentery is full of Glandles which stop its Veins and hinder the passage of the Chyle to the Liver by which means it is sent half concocted forth by siege and the Parts are deprived of their necessary nourishment The Fourth and Fifth Causes which are Sense of Sucking and Animal Appetite do require a good disposition in the Stomach brain and nerves Therefore whatsoever can alâ—er their dispositions may also destroy Appetite so every great distemper of the belly especially if it be hot and dry doth hinder Appetite Great heat by dispersing the moist substance of the stomach doth take away Appetite as also great Cold not only positive as when the bowels are so cold that they are stupified by Air Water Frost Snow and the like but also privative when
one ounce Oyl of Sulphur twelve drops mix them to be taken now and then a spoonful Clarret Water is usual and it is made thus Take of Cinnamon grosly poudered two ounces steep them in one pint of Aqua Vitae in a glass in another glass put six ounces of sugar with half a pint of Rose water let these Glasses stand two or three dayes every day shaking them often then mix them both together and strain them by filtration keep the Liquor in a Glass close stopt and let the Patient take a spoonful or two Fasting In Paris the Syrup of Wormwood made by Pena is highly esteemed made thus Take half a pound of candied Citron barks sliced boyl them in equal parts of the Waters of Succory and Agrimony make a strong expression and put to it the juyce of Quinces and Wormwood water of each half a pint in which infuse for four dayes four ounces of Schoenanth in a close vessel well glassed and set upon the Embers dissolve in the straining as much sugar as is needful then boyl them to a syrup in which when it is hot dissolve one dram of ash-coloured Amber keep it in a close Glass Cinnamon Water alone is excellent good in a Cold Stomach or with other Medicines as Syrup of Wormwood Mints or Coral to which you may also put Amber-greece The Syrup of Cinnamon made with Aqua Vitae according to Quercitanus Dispensatory is no less powerful And Cinnamon Water distilled with Juyce of Quinces And also the Spirit of Mastich made thus Take three ounces of Mastich one ounce of Galangal half a pint of spirit of Wine digest them and distil them The Elixir Proprietatis described by Crollius is good if you give twelve or fifteen drops in Wine they wonderfully strengthen the Stomach You may make Tablets for the same purpose thus Take of the pulp of Rinds of fresh Oranges and Aromaticum Rosatum of each two drams white Sugar dissolved in Orange flower water four ounces Make Lozenges Tablets of Aromaticum Rosatum Opiata Solomonis and old Treacle are good for the same A Decoction of Guajacum or Sassaphras taken many dayes togâ—ther with a little sweating or without in weak people is very good in this Disease being oâ— long continuance Also Sulphurous and Nitrous Baths as our Bellilucanae being taken in great quantity many dayes do powerfully clense the Stomach and Gutts from al slimy filth Take of Agrimony Centaury the less and common Wormwood of each half an handful boyl them to half a pint and ad one ounce of sugar drink it either in a cold or hot Cause Hartman exceedingly commends the use of Zeadoary in these words The often use of Zedoary doth so strengthen the stomach as nothing more therefore we may commend it having tryed it often and never missed you must eate it often Costaeus Commends hot Wine thus Hot Wine drunk ordinarily doth amâ—nd the imbecillity of the stomach It is usually observed that they who have been continually vexed with Wind and Pain from an evil Concoction when they have begun to drink warm drink have been cured and lived after a long time more comfortably You must give him Wine in Water wherein Coriander hath been boyled for his ordinary Drink But observe That if a hot distemper of the Liver meet with that of a cold stomach as often it doth you must give hot Medicines warily and rather those that are temperate Zechius Commends this Bolus following in these words That the stomach may be warmed gently and not dryed you can use no Medicine inwardly more powerfull Take of washed Turpentine two drams Pouder of Mastich half a dram Aromaticum rosatum haâ—f a scruple make a Bolus to be taken two hours before meat This digestive Pouder is usual to help Concoction Take of Coriander seeds prepared half an ounce sweet Fennel seed and Annis seed of each two drams Cinnamon and Cloves of each half a dram Sugar twice as much as the rest make a Pouder of which let him take one spoonful after every meal The Ballom of Peru is good if you give a few drops in Wine one hour before meat Or in form of a Pill one or two drops in sugar for many dayes There are some ordinary Medicines for this Hippocras Wine a Decoction of Annis Coriander and Cinnamon mixed with sugar for ordinary drink The Dukes Pouder commonly so called made of two parts of Sugar and one of Cinnamon to sprinkle upon al meats A Salt to be eaten with meat made of Coriander Annis seeds long Pepper Galangal and Nutmegg mixed with an equal proportion of Common salt Some Grains of Pepper whol or beaten taken fasting Acrons stuck with Cloves and Cinnamon and candied with Sugar Citron and Orange peels candied together Annis seeds Fennel Coriander and Cinnamon infrosted with Sugar al these men may use as they please Citron Peels are more pleasant than the rest but because it wil grow so dry that it wil hardly be chewed we are often constrained to make it up in a Mortar with Rose Water in the form of an Opiate Candied Myrobalans and Nutmegs may be used for the same and be made up as the former though they are not so apt to grow hard The Essences of Annis Cinnamon Citron peels Nutmegs and Olives are excellent to strengthen the stomach and they must be used as above in the Diseases of the Heart Of Meats They which are Salt do most provoke Appetite and Sharp things in a smal quantity and mixed with other things lest they cool the Stomach Outwardly apply Liniments Fomentations and Emplaisters thus made Take of Cypress Roots Galangal Flower-de-luce and dried Citron peels of each two ounces Mints Hysop Sage Rosemary and Marjoram of each one handful Annis seeds Bay-berries Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each three drams the flowers of Stoechas Schoenanth and Rosemary of each one pugil slice those that must be sliced and bruise those that must â—e bruised according to art and put them into two Bags with holes pricked through and steep them in strong Wine and lay them warm to the stomach one after another Take of the Oyl of Wormwood Mints and Spike of each half an ounce Oyl of Nutmegs two drams Wood of Aloes Mace and Cinnamon of each one scruple with a little Wax make a Liniment which will be better if you ad six drops of Oyl of Cloves and of Musk and Ambergreece of each eight grains Also there is a Liniment of Oyl of Nutmegs Balsom of Peru or of Oyl of Wormwood Mastich and Balsom of Peru. Take of the Emplaister of Mastich one ounce Aromaticum Rosatum one dram Oyl of Nutmegs as much as is fit to make a Plaister like a Buckler for the Stomach Crato doth wonderfully commend this following Plaister Take of Labdanum two ounces Wax four ounces Oyl of Nutmegs three drams Make an Emplaister Galen adviseth 7. meth not to keep these Plaisters long upon the part for at length they will dissolve the heat
few Grains of the best Mastich taken in the Morning is good to stay Vomitting Three Grains also of Balsom of Peru taken in a rear Egg or in Sugar like a Pill do it better Also a Decoction of Beans or Pease after the first Water is cast away with a little Vinegar is much Commended And the Crude Juyce of Quinces taken Two or Three spoonfuls at a time doth Wonders Camphire often smelt to or taken with a little Rose Water and a little Pouder of Diaâ—oscum is good for the same The Spirit of Vitriol mixed with Plantane or Spring Water to make it sharp doth also powerfully stay Vomiting If it be very violent make the Water sharper with Spirit of Vitriol or give it in Sack or rich Wine if you want Spirit of Vitriol use the strongest Vinegar without mixture one spoonful or two at a time One Scruple of Salt of Wormwood mixed with a spoonful of the Juyce of Lemons is a most Excellent Medicine especially in those Vomitings which happen in Malignant Feavers If the Patient grow very Weak with Vomiting give him Laudanum with Conserve of Quinces or Syrup of dried Roses and then apply a Cupping Glass to the Stomach and a Cataplasm of Leaven pouder of Wormwood and Orange peels made up with juyce of Mints Apply also outwardly a Fomentation to the region of the Stomach a new Spunge dipt in Rose-water and Rose-vinegar or let the Spunge boyl in strong Vinegar and apply it hot to the Stomach Or make a Fomentation of the Decoction of the Roots of Snake-weed Plantan-leaves Purslain Mints Bramble-tops and Willow-tops and then anoint it with this Oyntment Take of Acacia Hypocistis grains of Sumach and Myrtles of each two drams Mastich and grains of Kermes of each one dram Oyl of Myrtles two ounces Wax as much as is sufficient make an Oyntment or apply this following Cataplasm Take of Quinces boyled in Rose water and Vinegar or Marmalate thereof well beaten three ounces the pouder of Mastich Grains of Kermes and Myrtle berries and Plantane-seed of each two drams with the Juyce of Mints or Quinces or Syrup of Wormwood make a Cataplasm Or Steep a Crust of Bread in Rose Vinegar and sprinkle it with this pouder following Take of red Roses and Pomegranate flowers and Coriander seeds prepared of each one dram and an half Mastich red Coral Sorrel seeds Spodium of each half a dram yellow Saunders one scruple mix them into a pouder Or Apply this following Emplaister Take of Mastich plaister one ounce the pouder of Myrtles and Bistort-Roots of each half a dram with the Oyl of Mastich make an Emplaister in the form of a Buckler If the Vomiting be very violent and bring a Feaver Symptomatical and the Body very full it is good somtimes to let blood to prevent inflamation which may bâ— in the internal parts by reason of the violent straining and this must be done warily and but a little least the strength be abated Moreover It is good to apply Cupping Glasses to the Back and Navel and to rub and bind the extream parts You may bind about the Neck Linnen Clothes dipt in Oxycrate to repel the humors putting of the hands into cold Water doth stay al kinds of vomiting And Last When other things avail not use Narcoticks which do very quickly stop al Evacuations In a Flegmatick Vomiting if it wil not be staid with the aforesaid Vomits give Pills of Hiera with Rhubarb and Agarick or other fit Purges Then come to strengtheners for the Stomach such as were prescribed for the Cure of Want of Appetite to which ad this following Take of Conserve of Roses and Comfry Roots of each one ounce confection of Hyacinth three drams the pouder of Diambra and Aromaticum Rosatum of each half a dram Troches of Spodium terra Sigillata and grana Kermes of each one scruple with syrup of Quinces make an Opiate The Spirit of Vitriol with Wormwood water or Juyce of Mints doth mightily stay Vomiting and Strengthen the Stomach Or One or two spoonfuls of Aqua Imperialis given after Vomiting if the Stomach be very Cold. Apply these things following outwardly Take of Wormwood Mints and Balm of each three handfuls boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Vinegar and Wine to the consumption of the third Part make a Fomentation for the stomach After apply the Plaister afore-mentioned or the Cataplasm of Quinces using the Pouder of Nutmegs and Cloves instead of Myrtles and Plantane Or Take of Wormwood and green Mints of each one pound a Toast dipt in Rose-water weighing half a pound the Pulp of Quinces or Marmalat of the same two ounces Mastich half an ounce Mace and Nutmegs of each two drams beat them all well together with Oyl of Quinces and make an Emplaister Or Make a Cataplasm of Quinces boyled in strong Vinegar and then beaten with a little Mustard-seed and Pouder of Cloves Or Apply a Toast dipped in strong Wine and Juyce of Mints and sprinckled with pouder of Nutmeg Cloves Frankinsence Mastich and Graines of Kermes Villanovanus much Commends sharp Leaven which he applieth to the Stomach twice or thrice being steept in strong Vinegar and juyce of Mints this doth most certainly stop Vomiting after convenient Evacuations and Revulsions In a long Vomiting where the Stomach is very Weak you must use strong Astringents made thus Take of the Roots of Snakeweed and Tormentil Pomegranate peels and flowers and Hypocistis of each two drams Leavs of Mints and dried Wormwood of each half an handful Sumach and Myrtle berries of each one dram red Roses one pugil Cinnamon Cloves and Mastich of each half an ounce green Galls and Cypress Nuts of each two drams boyl them in Iron water and Red Wine in which dissolve a little Musk for sweet things do much asswage Vomiting of which let the Patient take two ounces every morning and Foment his stomach with the same After the Fomentation apply some Plaister or Cataplasm made as aforesaid Chap. 8. Of Vomiting Blood THis Disease is a casting forth of Blood from the Stomach by the Mouth And as al other Bleeding it comes from the Veins either by Anastomosis or opening of them by Diapedesis or Rarefaction by Rixis breaking or by Diabrosis corroding which Diseases of the Veins were shewed in the Cure of Spetting of Blood called Haemoptysis The Causes also are the same And First the Conjunct Cause Excess of Blood in quantity or quality Blood offending in Quantity wil break or open the mouths of the Veins and so comes Rixis or Anastomosis which happeneth in ful bodies If it offend in Quality as when it is too hot or thin it may cause an Anastomosis because heat doth open the Orifices and thinness makes it flow easily through The same Qualities may Cause a Diapedesis for heat doth make thin the Tunicles of the Vessels and thinness Causeth the Blood to pass through their pores Lastly Sharpness gnaweth and Ulcerateth the Tunicles of the Veins and so produceth a
and he kept free from passions After his Diet is thus ordered we must go on to Chyrurgery and Medicine And first take away a little Blood often for the greater Revulsion and that out of the Liver Vein called Basilica in the right Arm if it come from the Liver in the left if from the Spleen or from the Ankle Vein if from stoppage of the Terms Use Frictions and Ligatures to the extream parts and give clensing Clysters Apply Cupping-glasses to the Buttocks Thighs and Loyns and to the Hypochondria Give half a scruple of Camphire with four ounces of Oxycrate or Plantane Water Which Rondeletius commends in his Counsels for excellent If you suspect there is congealed Blood give him a glass of Vinegar and Water or Oxycrate for it easily dissolveth blood and sends it from the Veins of the Stomach and shuts them up And foment the Stomach cold with the same When Vomiting ceaseth to astringe the Veins use these following Take the white of an Egg Rose Water and Vinegar of each one dram and an half Beat them well then ad two drams of Chalk Let the Patient take now and then a spoonful Or Take of prepared Coral Terra Sigillata Bole-Armenick Blood-stone and Troches of Amber of each one dram Plantane Water and Syrup of Myrtles of each two ounces mix them for to be used as the former or the pouder in Broths Or Take of the Juyce of Plantane four ounces give it cold morning and evening Galen saith there is nothing better for to stop any kind of Bloody flux The Juyce of Purslain and Polyganon or Knot-grass taken with Sugar is very good for the same Take of Plantane and Purslain Water of each one ounce and an half the Syrup of Myrtles half an ounce the Syrup of Poppies two or three drams Sal Prunellae one dram Mix them for a Julep often to be repeated Or make a Julep of the Decoction of the said Herbs Take of old Conserve of Roses and of Comfry Roots of each one ounce of Cydoniatum half an ounce one candied Myrobalan Troches of Carabe and Terra Lemnia of each two drams Coral prepared and Crocus Martis of each one dram With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Oplate to be taken often The Troches of Carabe do not only astringe but dissolve congealed blood therefore use them often The Syrup of Coral is good but the Tincture drawn newly with the Juyce of Lemmons is better When Blood is vomited violently and will not be cured by what hath been said so that death threateneth you must give Narcoticks either at the Mouth or by Clysters Anoint the Stomach without with Oyl of Roses and Myrtles washed in Vinegar and after sprinkle on the pouder of Coral Bole-Armenick and Terra Sigillata Or anoint with this Take of the Juyce of Plantane and Knot-grass of each one ounce and an half Vinegar of Roses one ounce Oyl Olive six ounces Boyl them till the Juyces are consumed then ad os Sanguis Draconis Mastich Pomegranate peels and Myrtles of each two drams Camphire one scruple as much red Wax as will serve to make an Oyntment Let him drink ordinary Water wherein Iron hath been quenched with Syrup of Quinces and Spirit of Vitriol also make all his Broths of Iron Water Let his Hypochondria and Loins be Fomented with the Decoction of Plantane and Purslain mad in Oxycrate Let his hands be put into cold Water for so al Vomiting is staied After use the Oyntment of Galen called Refrigerans washed in Vinegar to the same parts After sufficient Phlebotomy you must appoint an often and gentle Purge to take away the 〈◊〉 and destroy the Disease by which the blood wil be purged from Waterish and Chollerick Humors which produce this Disease These kinds of Purges given by a wise Physitian do Miracles as we have learnt by Experience They must be made of Rhubarb Myrobalans Tamarinds and Tryphera Persica which Medicines do al astringe with their Purging do no wayes stir the Humors so that you need not fear they wil provoke Vomiting of blood you may give them in form of a Bole with Syrup of Myrtles â—â— of dried Roses or in form of a Potion with the Decoction of Succory Sorrel Purslain or the like In time of Purging which may continue three or four dayes in a smal Dose at night you may give the aforesaid Opiate or Syrup of Coral or some of the afore-mentioned Astringent and strengthening Medicines Finally To prevent you may give for a long time once in a Week one dram of the Pouder of Rhubarb or the Magistral Syrup prescribed for to prevent Spetting of Blood as also almost al other Medicines laid down in the Cure and Prevention of that are very good here Chap. 9. Of the Disease called Cholera THis Disease is a violent sending forth both by Stool and vomiting corrupt sharp and chollerick Humors It is called Cholera Apo tes Choles from Choller as Galen shews from the opinion of the Gnidian Physitians 2. meth c. 2. that it comes from yellow Choller and evil humors like it which is sent upwards and down-wards But Alexander Trallianus lib. 7. c. 14. wil not have this Name to be derived from a Chollerick humor because Choller is not alwayes vomited but also often times a serous and Flegmatick Humor but it comes rather Apo toon Cholastoon from the Intestines which were câ—lled Cholados by the Antients because these Humors come from the Intestines and intrals yet the first Etymology is more to be approved because it is used not only by Galen but by Hippocrates 7. epid text 19. by Celsus lib. 4. cap. 11. and Aurelianus lib. 3. acut cap. 19. And although a chollerick humor is not alwayes sent forth yet one like Choller sharp biting and corrupt is alwayes voided Some say the Stomach is the part affected others the Guts others both but we must be of Galen's mind who saith 3. de sympt caus cap. 2. The part which is principally affected is the Stomach whose expulsive Faculty is vehemently stirred up so that it expels the noxious humors at both orifices But there is no doubt but the Gullet and Guts are secondarily affected Therefore this Affect is a Symptome of the expulsive Faculty being hurt and vehemently stirred up for it cannot depend upon the retentive faculty debilitated for then the humors flow by degrees as in Lienteria and Coeliaca Passio but we must confess that the Disease is more violent if the Retentive Faculty being weak do not resist the expulsive Moreover The Concoction is hurt also by which evil humors are bred in the Stomach which stir up the expulsive Faculty but this is an Antecedent Cause Hipp. 4. de victus ratione in acutis textu 104. laies down Two kinds of Choller the one Moist and the other Dry the Moist is that which hitherto hath been described and which is meant only in this definition as being the more usual but the Dry is more rare and
strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice in a day If the pain be great you may give the Syrup of Poppy Let his Drink be barley Water with Syrup of Violets taken cold In the progress of the Disease you must mix other Medicines with the aforesaid which may help to dissolve To this end you may prescribe these following Juleps Take of the Syrup of Water Lillies Apples and of the Juyce of Purslain of each one ounce Syrup of Sea Wormwood half an ounce Lettice Sorrel and Fennel Water of each three ounces the pouder of Diamargariton frigid one dram Make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice in a day To these you may adrestoring Opiates Narcoticks and the like all which are to be varied many waies according to the Judgment and Wisdom of the Physitian Turpentine washed with Wormwood Water if it be given twice or thrice doth either dissolve or maturate the Imposthume of the Stomach Let this following Fomentation be applied in the beginning Take of Sorrel Roots two ounces Endive Succory and Mallows of each one handful Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each three drams white and red Sanders of each half a dram Violets and Water Lillies of each one pugil Make a Decoction adding a little Rose Vinegar Let the Stomach be fomented warm therewith Or make one with the distilled Waters of Lettice and Water Lillies with a little Vinegar and Pouder of Triasantalon After fomenting let the part be anointed with Oyl of Roses and Violets mixed or with this following Take of Oyl of Roses one ounce and an half Oyl of Violets and Rose Vinegar and of the Juyce of Sowthistle of each half an ounce Boyl them to the consumption of the Juyces then ad of red Sanders one dram red Roses half a dram Lavender and Camphire of each half a scruple as much Wax as will make an Oyntment Cataplasms in the beginning are not good because they burden the part with their weight and by retaining the heat encrease the Inflamation In the declination when the Tumor is resolved which is chiefly to be desired you may apply a dissolving Fomentation made thus Take of Flower deluce Roots two ounces the Leaves of Mints Marjoram Penyroyal Sea Wormwood of each one handful Annis and Foenugreek seeds of each two drams Grains of Kermes one dram the flowers of Stoechas Rosemary Chamomel of each one pugil Make a Decoction adding in the end a little white Wine With this foneent the Stomach After fomenting anoint the part with Oyl of Wormwood Nutineg Spike and the like of which you may make an Oyntment with a little Wax and Pouder Orris Root or Cinnamon But Emplasters and Cataplasms because they burden the part with their weight are not here good But if the Tumor tend to Suppuration foment the part with the Decoction of the Flowers of Chamomel and red Roses Then apply this following Cataplasm Take of Althoea Roots two ounces Brank Vrsine and Roses of each one handful Boyl them well and beat them together then ad of Barley meal Lin-seed Foenugreek and pouder of Chamomel of each half an ounce white and red Sanders of each two drams with Oyl of Roses and Chamomel With a little Hens Grease make a Cataplasin often to be renewed After the Imposthume is broken let the Ulcer be clensed with Hydromel given in a smal quantity To which you may ad the Manna of Frankinsence according to Galens Precept Or give it with Barley Water with Sugar of Roses in the beginning in time of heat When the Ulcer groweth old of what Cause soever it come either from sharp corroding Humors or burning Medicines or Poyson Broths of cool Herbs and drying of Barley Almonds and Sugar of Roses or new Milk with Sugar and a little Honey are very good At length Chalybeate Milk and Iron Water for ordinary drink or Water wherein a piece of Bole-Armenick or Terra Sigillata hath been steeped is very excellent To which you may put a little sharp Wine if there be but little heat in the part Then give this Apozeme Take of Barley one pugil Scabious Agrimany Burnet and Maiden-hair of each half a a handful Melone seeds two drams red Roses dried one pugil make a Decoction to one pint in which dissolve three ounces of Syrup of dried Roses Make an Apozeme for four doses to be reapted often Also the Decoction of China is excellent for internal Ulcers when there is no Feaver taken twenty daies or more sweating gently for so the Ulcer will be dried by degrees But if you fear a consumption boyl the China Root aforesaid in Chicken Broth or Pidgeon Broth with the aforesaid Herbs and Barley made clean In an old Ulcer the drinking of Mineral Waters either of Vitriol Iron or Allum for a Month together are very good In the whol time of the Disease to keep the Stomach clean use gentle Purges as Rhubarb Tamarinds Myrobalans Syrup of Roses and Diacatholicon taken once in a week Lastly To heal up the Wound use these following Take of Bole-armenick Terra Sigillata red Coral and Blood-stone wash'd all in Rose Water of each one dram Sanguis Draconis Gum Arabick and Traganth of each half a dram white Poppy seeds bruised and parched Hypocistis Frankinsence and Sarcocol of each one scruple Sugar of Roses one ounce Make a Pouder of which take a dram in Plantane Water or Conserve of Roses every day Or make an Opiate of the same Pouder with Conserve of Comphry and Roses Syrup of Quinces and Myrtles Or you may make Troches of the same Pouder with the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds or Gum Traganth All which the Patient may use by turns lest he grow weary of the same Outwardly to close the Ulcer you may apply to the Stomach a Fomentation of the Decoction of Wormwood Roses Pomegranate peels Galls Pomegranate Flowers Myrtles Frankinsence Mastich or the like And lastly anoint the part with an astringent Oyntment or apply an astringent Emplaster The End of the Ninth Book THE TENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Intestines or Guts The PREFACE THE Perfection of all Nourishment consists in these Three Operations to Ingest Digest and Egest that is To take in Concoct and send forth The first respects the Appetite The second the Concoction belongs to the Stomach But the third respects the Intestines whose office of Egestion or sending forth being moderate and according to the rules of Nature brings great benefit to the whol Body On the contrary if it be defective as in the binding of the Belly or abound as in divers Fluxes there arise divers greivous Diseases Moreover the reteining of superfluous things doth cause Chollicks Iliacks and Hemorrhoids And finally putrifactions in the Guts doth not only produce Fluxes but Worms That all these may be severally Explained this Book shall contain Eleven Chapters The First is of the Chollick The Second of the Iliack Passion The Third of binding of the Belly The
prescribed in the Cure of the pain of the Stomach Hipp. Lib. de intern aff propoundeth a Purge of Purslain and Juyce of Poppies Six ounces of Oyl of sweet or bitter Almonds do asswage pain and cast the Matter cleaving to the Intestines downwards If you mix it with these things following it will be better Take of Oyl of sweet Almonds or Sallat Oyl for poor people four ounces Spanish Wine one ounce and an half Syrup of Poppies one ounce Mix them for a Potion Also Oyl of sweet Almonds mixed with Manna in fat Broth as beforesaid doth ease pain and evacuate the Matter offending One dram of Annis seeds poudered and given in Wine doth first asswage and the second time it is given quite take away the pain applying at the same time a Cataplasm of Turpentine three ounces laid on with Stuphes sprinkled with Pepper and Sanguis Draconis finely poudered of each one dram Galbanetum Paracelsi is good to discuss the Humor if the whol Belly be anointed therewith The description is in Crato thus Take of Gum Elemi lvy Galbanum Oly of Bayes of each equal parts distil them in Sand with a Retort keep the Liquors asunder first the Water then the cleer Oly then the thick Oyl like Honey which you must use first Take of Calamus Aromatious one ounce Galangal three drams the outward yellow of the Orange peel four ounces Cinnamon Annis and Fennel seeds of each three drams Cummin seeds six drams Juniper berries green half an ounce Bay berries three drams Pouder them finely and infuse them in six pints of the best Spanish Wine in a bot place six dayes then distil them in Balneo Mariae The Dose is one ounce after Evacuations You may with good snccess apply to the Belly Gum Caragna and Tacamahacha but first let a great Cupping-glass be applied to the Navil Although you apply not the Plaisters yet you must not forget to cup which as Galen saith doth discuss pain that comes of wind like an Enchantment If the Disease last long you may cure it with a Decoction of Guajacum continued for many daies Purging somtimes and giving often Clysters And if it come of glassy flegm let Guajacum be boyled in Wine as Amatus Lusitanus used it with good success Curat 32. Cent. 1. After the pain is allayed use an Apozeme to purge flegm for the carrying away of the reliques or instead thereof the Decoction of an old Cock made with incising attenuating and purging things Or that excellent Julep prescribed in the Chollick of the Stomach A Chollerick Chollick is cured by Emollient Clysters and such as temper the acrimony of the Humors Let the Belly be Fomented with an Emollient Decoction which is Anodine or which is better make a Bath of the same Also Cataplasms made of Barley and Linseed Flower boyled in Oyl of Chamomil applied to the bottom of the Belly are good As also a Cooling Epithem to the Liver made thus Take of the Juyce of Endive and Succory of each half a pint the Juyce of Lettice and Rose-Vinegar of each two ounces mix them and make and Epitheme Give Juleps of Poppy Lettice Endive and Sorrel Water with Syrup of Violets Apples and Lemons If the Pain be urgent come to Narcoticks When the pain is mitigated give the infusion and expression of Rhubarb in Succory Water with Syrup of Roses often til al the filth be evacuated If this be too gentle to eradicate the Disease give Mercurius Dulcis which being somtimes given with some Purging Diagrediats doth finish the Cure They who are not to take Diagredium may take Mercurius dulcis alone made into a Pill with conserve of Roses drinking after it the infusion of Senna with Rhubarb adding a little Manna and syrup of Roses After this you may give your sharp Vitriolated Waters When the pain is violent fly to Baths and Laudanum to which you may somtimes mix Purgers but in a great quantity because their force wil be hindered by the Laudanum Galbanetum Paracelsi although hot is fit to discuss the Humor if al the Belly be anointed therewith it is described formerly Somtimes Blood-letting is good where there is fear of a Feaver by the heat of the blood and if the Feaver be begun do it presently When there is a great Thirst give cold Water as Galen teacheth lib. 12. meth cap. 7. And Amatus Lusitanus saith That he Cured one presently with it And Septalius shews in Two Stories in the Seventh Book of his Practical Animadversions That he hath given the same and taken it with very good success For the Cure of that Chollick which turneth into a Palsie after the Belly is loosened with many Clysters and the first wayes being made open by a Purge put the Patient into a warm Bath made of an Emollient Decoction twice thrice four or five times in a day that the sharpness of the humors may be allaied and the pores of the Membranes opened The day after let the Humor be Purged with a fit Medicine then let him be bathed again and if his strength wil endure it let him do it every other day til the humors are Purged and the pain gone and the Patient Cured In the mean time let the Clysters be continued especially those made of Milk are best to asswage pain to which you may put Cassia Oyl of Violets and Lillies Let the Belly be often anointed with Oyl of Chamomil Dill sweet Almonds Lillies or with fresh butter Then let him use Whey and sharp Waters And Lastly When the Disease is of long continuance you may use those things which were prescribed for the Cure of Hypochondriak Melancholly Nor must you omit Phlebotomy from the beginning of the Disease before Purging and it must be often repeated if the Blood be evil or the pain come of a Catarrh any wayes Finally Al the Medicines mentioned in Chollerick Chollick may here be applied which if it avail not some Physitians use this following Potion which though it be sorbid and not sit fot men wel educated yet they say it Cureth presently Take of Horse-dung one ounce break it in pieces and infuse it in one pint of Poppy-Water with eight or ten drops of spirit of Vitriol strain it gently and divide the Liquor into three Doses for the time of the violent pain But if it turn into a Palsie you must anoint the Spina or back Bone and the Paralytike parts with a Resolving and a Nerve Corroborating Balsom if there be no Feaver but if there be bind Wool dipt in Oyl or some digesting Oyntment to the Paralytike parts taking heed of Cold by which the humor wil be fastned to the parts and the breathing forth of it hindered Galbanetum Paracelsi is best if it be applied to the parts aforesaid and the Navel Chap. 2. Of the Iliack Passion ILEOS or Iliack Passion took its name as some say from the Gut Ileum which chiefly is Affected in this Disease although the other thin and somtimes thick Guts are
each one ounce boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining of white Sugar one ounce Yolks of Eggs two Make a Clyster After the Body is sufficiently emptyed you must give astringents and strengtheners both at the Mouth and by Clysters as also to the Belly the Forms whereof you may take out of the Cure of Dysentery Besides You may conveniently use these that follow Take of Chalybeat Vinegar one part Chalybeat Water two parts the Leaves and Fruit of Myrtles Quinces Medlars Cervices of each two handfuls Cypress Nuts six pair boyl to halfs Foment the Belly warm with the strained Liquor often Take of Oyl of Mastich Quinces and Myrtles of each one ounce Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence and Gum Traganth of each one dram Wax as much as will make an Vnguent to anoint after the Fomentation Or Take Crums of toasted Bread infused in Chalybeat Water and Quinces roasted in the Embers or Marmalade of each three ounces Frankinsence Mastich Sanguis Draconis of each two drams With Syrup of Quinces and Wormwood make a Cataplasm Take of Mastich two drams Boyl it in three pints of Water for ordinary drink Iron Water is also good but in a hot Disease it is good to use the Tincture of Roses or Conserve of Roses mixed with Spring Water or Water wherein Gold hath been quenched mixed with Syrup of Quinces Amatus Lusitanus reports of one that was cured of a Chollerick Diarrhoea by taking much cold Water in the Summer time We also once prescribed to a Sanguine man who was troubled with a Chollerick Diarrhoea in the midst of Summer with great thirst Sal Prunella in his ordinary drink and Juleps made of Lettice and Purslain Water to be taken thrice in a day and he was cured in twenty four hours If the Humor be very sharp and adust or burnt the Patient must be purged sparingly with mild Medicines otherwise the Disease will encrease and he is to be cooled and moistened as also to be blooded a little In the same case a warm Bath is very good the Example whereof is in our Observations Plantane boyled in Broth is excellent And least a Diarrhoea turn into a Dysentery you must give Clysters of Chalybeate Milk and Emulsions of the cold Seeds and of white Poppy Seeds to asswage the sharpness of the Humor As also this Syrup following Take of the Juyce of Quinces six ounces the Juyce of Endive and Sorrel of each three ounces Sorrel and Plantane Seeds of each two drams red Coral one dram Plantane Water four ounces Boyl them to the Consumption of half strain and press them well put to it as much Sugar to make a Syrup to be taken two drams first and last In al Diarrhoea's after universal Medicines this following Bolus is good Take of Conserve of old Roses half an ounce Candied Quinces one dram the pouder of Tormentil one scruple With Sugar make a Bolus to be often repeated Or if the Disease be old you may make an Opiate of the same or the like in a greater quantity to be taken at many times Or to astringe more powerfully give this Pouder Take of Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastich Mummy Terra Sigillata Lapis Haematitis or Blood-stone Troches of Amber of each one dram true Bole three drams make a Pouder of which give two drams inconvenient Liquor Rhubarb twice infused and then twice or thrice washed in Rose Water and dried is good The Lozenges of the three Sanders with four times the quantity of Rhubarb given twice in a day the weight of two drams do take away the Matter and strengthen the Bowels The Leaves of Fleabane laid upon fire so that the smoak may be taken through a hollow Chair do stop the flux of the Belly by a specifical quality As also if the same Herb be beaten with Vinegar and applied to the Stomach Also the smoak of Mullin taken through a hollow Chair is excellent the example of which is in our Observations Syrup of Coral is excellent and much more the Tincture or Magistery of the same The Conserve of the wild Rose or sweet Bryar Rose is good against a Chollerick flux especially if it be mixed in astringent Opiates But when there is danger of weakness through a long and often flux you may give Laudanum with Mastich and Terra Sigillata When it is very violent a Clyster of Broth and new Treacle is excellent Pils of Bdellium taken twice or thrice in a week or every other day are good against al old fluxes For the same is the often use of Medlars as Forestus confirms by experience obs 1. lib. 22. in these words One that had a constant Flux and spent all he had upon Physitians came to me for counsel whom I advised to eat Medlars though green as many as he could by which he was speedily cured As it was with a Zeland Merchant that came to John Spirinchius a Physitian of Lovan who having been long sick and of a Dysentery at last and could not be cured by any was at length by his advice cured only with Medlars and gave the Physitian three hundred Crowns for his advice Thus Forestus But we must observe that the Body before the use of Medlars be clensed from Excrements In an old Diarrhoea the following Medicines are excellent Take of the shavings of Ivory three drams Confection Alkermes one dram Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces Make Lozenges Take of Crocus Martis six grains Bezoard Mineral half a scruple Conserve of Roses two drams Spirit of Vitriol three drops Mix them in a Bolus to be given twice a day long after and before Meat Take of the Juyce of Persicaria Maculata and of the great Housleek of each three ounces boyl them till the third part be consumed and give them in the morning they do certainly cure any flux though very old Mercurius Diaphoreticus given some daies together twelve grains at a time taketh away all the impurities of the Body which use to beget fluxes The Decoction of Juniper Berries in Wine given three daies together is good and also one dram of the Pouder of Grashoppers given in white Wine These two by deriving the Matter of the flux to the Ureters The Decoction of Juniper is thus made Take of Juniper Berries one handful red Wine one pint and an half boyl them to the consumption of two thirds Let him take the straining three daies together The Water of Brimstone Mines cure an old Diarrhoea by purging the whol Body and by strengthening the Stomach Of which ther is an example in our observations If a Diarrhoea come from a Catarrh you must look to the Brain as the part that sends it with the Medicines prescribed in the Cure of a Catarrh But if it depend upon the Obstruction or weakness of the Liver or Spleen you must cure them as shal be shewed in their proper places and then there is little or no use of astringents Platerus in the Cure of the Hemorrhoids
following Clyster Boyl a Sheeps Head cloven in two till the flesh come from the bones add to the Broth strained of the tops of St. Johns Wort two or three handfuls Tormentil Roots grosly bruised two ounces Infuse them three or four hours upon the Embers Let the straining be twice or thrice given as a Clyster The Juyce of Plantane alone or with the Milk or Barley Water is good Gum Traganth two drams or the Infusion of it in Rose or Plantane Water is good to put in Clysters or it makes a very good one if it be mixed with Juyce of Plantane and Goats Suet instead of Gum Traganth Or with it you may with profit use Gum Arabick Frankinsence Mastich and Sarcocol All which being dissolved in the aforesaid Liquors do work by glewing neither do they exasperate the Ulcer as the strong Astringents Amaâ—us Lucitanus doth much approve Clysters made of them because they do cover as with a Plaister the internal Superficies of the Guts against the gnawing of the Matter he makes them thus Take of Barley Water ten ounces one white of an Egg well beaten Gum Arabick and Goats Grease of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses two ounces Bole-Armenick and Gum Traganth of each one dram mix them for a Clyster But lest those Emplastick Clysters should fasten the sharp Matter and shut it up by their clamminess you must use clensing Clysters also which must not be long retained and you must somtimes use clensing Clysters intermixed with astringent In the astringent you may put Acacia Hypocistis or Conserve of Sloes Sanguis Draconis Blood-stone the Juyce of Maddir taken out with Rose or Plantane Water Bole Armenick Terra Sigillata or sealed Earth the Troches of Amber and the white Troches of Rhasis to one or two drams Other Pouders are hurtful because they settle in the Liquor and provoke the part to pain And it is better to infuse the aforesaid Pouders in Liquor or in a Decoction and to give them strained While you give Clysters you must give at the Mouth Medicines of the same Nature and that oftener when the upper Guts are ulcerated to which the Clysters cannot reach If there be no Feaver you may profitably when you intend to clense give Goats Milk and when you intend to glurinate Cows Milk both with Sugar of Roses But Chalybeat Milk that is Steel infused doth knit or glutinate better three ounces thereof with Juyce of Plantane and Sugar of Roses of each one ounce make an excellent Medicine Or boyl Comphry Roots in Steeled Milk Or make Bread of the finest Barley with Yolks of Eggs and set it into the Oven after the Bread is drawn Crum Milk and Sugar there with til it is as thick as a Pultis of which let him take five or six spoonfuls twice or thrice in a day Veal broth boyled very long doth asswage pain in the Ulcers And Cream of Rice doth heal them up Lerius reports in his History That many troubled with Dysenterles in a long voyage almost starved and were cured with Rice boyled in Milk with Yolks of Eggs and Juyce of Ground Ivy. Also you may boyl Rice in Almond Milk in which Gold hath been quenched Cream of Barley with Sugar doth clese and cool Broth made of Burnet with Butter given three daies together morning and evening doth much further the Cure and the more if the Decoction of Burnet at the same time be given for ordinary Drink The Rinds of two greenish Oranges boyled in eight pints of Water for ordinary Drink doth half the Cure Of the Pouder of a dead-mans Skul one dram twice or thrice given in Broth or other convenient Liquor doth quickly cure perfectly Two spoonfuls of the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth drawn with Rose Water or Gum Arabick half a dram may be dissolved in al his Broths as also one spoonful of the Gelly of Harts-horn is good After the Body is wel Clensed give astringent Decoction to compleat the Cure which must be made of the Roots of Snake-weed Tormentil Comfry Plantane Leaves Yarrow Shepherds-Purse Horse-tail Mouse-ear Agrimony Plantane and Sorrel Seeds Sumach Grape-stones Red Roses c. in Cystern Water dissolving therein the Syrup of Quinces Myrtles or of dried Roses as also somtimes Acacia Hypocistis Conserve of Sloes Bole Armenick Spodium or burnt Ivory The Juyce of Quinces boyled to the consistence of a Syrup or Rob without an addition given a spoonful or two often is very profitable The like Juyces may be made of Pears Cornel or Dog-tree Berries and other sharp Fruits Take the Fat Guts of a Sheep boyl them till the Liquor come to half a Porringer then put a little sweet Oyl thereto and let him drink it if the Dysentery be not very stubborn it cureth it at the first or second draught Oyl and Rose Water given in equal parts do the same Let two yolks of hard Egs and mixed with Rose Water be taken with Sugar and a little Nutmeg twice or thrice The Juyce of Plantane only given three or four ounces at a time or mixed with other proper things is excellent and if there be an inflamation it allayeth it Hollerius saith That the Juyce of Ground-lvy taken hath saved many a mans life Juleps of Waters or Decoctions and Astringent Syrups are to be often given Syrup of Coral as also the Tincture and Magistery thereof are very good which must be taken often in a spoon Or these following Take of syrup of Grapes Myriles and of Juyce of Plantane Quinces and dried Roses and syrup of the Juyce of Purslain of each one ounce mix them for the use aforesaid In the end of a Dysentery the suyce of Wormwood and Mints wel purified and made into a Syrup with Sugar is very available For Mints mixed with Wormwood hath great force to strengthen the Stomach And it the Dysentery came by eating much Fruit in the beginning Syrup of Wormwood with Cinnamon or Treacle Water is excellent if you at the same time use Fomentations and Emplaisters to strengthen the Stomach A Quince made hollow and filled with the shavings of Virgins Wax roasted under the Embers given for some few days together is a most proper Remedy Quercetanus makes the same Medicine of pomum Curtipendulum made hollow and filled with Gum Arabick and Wax of each one dram then roasted and after'tis eaten let him drink a draught of astringent Decoction Others roast a yong Pidgeon stuft with Wax and give it for a dinner The use of Medlers according to Forestus cures old Dysenteries lib. 22. obs 1. which we mentioned in Diarrhoca Bruyerinus lib. 8. de recibaria cap. 12. writes that he was Cured of a desperate Dysentery by eating raw Service-berries by the advice of an Old Woman Nor let us omit the Oak Grape mentioned by Martin Ruland which he saith is under the Earth upon the Roots of an Oak in Spring time of a binding taste outwardly like Purple inwardly white and like Milk which dieth in Summer and
the Liver which also destroyeth the Natural heat This evil disposition and occult distemper may come by burning and swooning Feavers by a hot distemper of the Bowels which melteth the Oyly substance by occult corruption and corruption of Humors by a great coldness from flegm and Melancholly abounding which doth oppress and corrupt the Natural heat and it may come by outward Causes as great draughts of cold Water Snow or Ice extraordinary eating of raw Sallets Poyson and Medicines that purge too vehemently By drinking of too much new Wine salt sharp and peppered Meats and strong things which parch the substance of the Liver To these you may add al other Causes which by too much cooling or heating do dissolve the strength and tone or order of the Liver Hitherto is declared a true and proper flux of the Liver which hath this sign there are Liquid and ferous stools like washings of flesh from the weakness of the Liver which cannot sanguifie or make blood well or from a malignant distemper which spoileth the Natural heat and moisture There is also a bastard flux of the Liver which comes of a simple distemper without any fault of the radical moisture by which distemper the faculty is not hurt but the work hindered so that instead of pure blood there comes impure and corrupt or the good turns into evil when in a true of the Liver there is never any good blood in the Liver The Blood is corrupted either by the mixture of Choller or Melancholly or some other impure Matter or from its too long staying in the Liver and the parts adjacent by which it is made thicker or burnt or rotteth or from the fault of the Spleen which doth not suck away the drossie blood and in this bastard flux somtimes thick somtimes black and somtimes blood is voided mixed with Humors of divers colors The signs of this Disease may be gathered from what hath been said For in a true flux there appear moist stools like washings of flesh which is not in other bloody fluxes if in a Dysentery at any time it is seldom and then there is choller flegm and excrements of divers colors voided and in a Dysentery there is pain and torment of the belly but in this none The Signs of the Causes are known by their proper Characters For if the weakness of the Liver come from a hot distemper there went a burning and consuming Feaver before or there is green vomits or stools thirst and a Feaver foulness of Body and want of appetite and stinking Evacuations but if it come from a cold cause the stools are less stinking neither is there thirst or consumption the whol Body is colder and blewish Somtimes there comes a Feaver from the putrefaction of Humors which changeth the said symptomes but you must examine the Causes afore going which will declare both distempers Also in this cold distemper the Patients desire much strong Wine A moist and dry distemper are known by the contrary effects A moist causeth more and oftener stools very thin but a dry little and thicker stools but there is also great thirst Lastly The external Causes are known by the relation of the Patient and those that are with him A bastard flux of the Liver hath almost all signs of a Dysentery only there is no pain of the belly nor pieces of flesh in the stools as in a Dysentery The Prognostick of this Disease useth to be evil and deadly for when a principal part is very ill by consumption of the radical moisture whose reparation is scarce to be hoped for we can expect for the most part nothing but destruction especially when the Disease comes of heat When this disease comes in Feavers there presently follows a melting of the Body and great putrefaction which presently kils the party For in malignant and pestilent Feavers the danger is encreased according to the evil condition of the Cause But when this Disease comes of a cold distemper it useth to last longer and turn into an incurable Dropsie Lastly A bastard flux of the Liver although it be dangerous yet is it less than a true because it comes only from a simple distemper and evil disposition of the Humors the tone and strength of the Liver remaining sound and may be cured by taking away the Causes that defile the Blood The Cure of this Disease is wrought by Medicines that strengthen the Liver correct its distemper and stay the flux And because it comes oftenest of a hot distemper therefore we wil first speak of the Cure of that distemper because it comes seldom of a cold Cause and is to be cured as a Dropsie First therefore although Evacuations seem to be needless by reason of the greatnâ—ss of the flux you may give Rhubarb either alone or with Myrobalans as in the Cure of Dysentery because it doth strengthen the Liver and the rather if you sind any filth in the stools for many Patients have been cured by only one scruple of Rhubarb given many daies together in Conserve of Roses Clysters are here of little worth because the Liver is affected yet somtimes you may give one of chaly beat or steeled Milk or of a gentle astringent Decoction lest the Guts should be too much relaxed But you may make Juleps to strengthen the Liver and correct its distemper thus Take of Succory Graminis or Dogs Teeth and Sorrel Roots of each one ounce Endive Succory Plantane and Dodder of each one handful Sea-wormwood half a handful red Sanders one dram and an half the shavings of Ivory and Spodium of each two scruples Corâ—ander seeds prepared one dram red Roses one pugil boyl them to â—â—e pint and an half dissolve in the straining Syrup of Quinces and simple Syrup of Vinegar of each two ounces Make a Julep for four Doses to be taken morning and evening Or Take of Plantane Water four ounces Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Spirit of Vitriol aâ— much as will make it moderately sharp make a Julep to be repeated often He may also take of these Syrups following often in a spoon Take of Syrup of Myrtles Quinces and dried Roses of each one ounce the Syrup of Succâ—â—â— simple or compound with Rhubarb one ounce and an half mix them There is an excellent Syrup made of the Tincture of Roses made in Rose Water and with Sugar of Roses brought into a Syrup Also this following Pouder given to the quantity of half a dram or a dram once or twice in a day in a rear Egg Broth or other fit Liquor may be used with profit Take of Plantane and Soâ—rel seeds of each one dram Endive Purslane Dodder and Coriander seeds of each one scruple red Roses and Troches of Spodium Gum Tragacanth torrefied of each half a dram the inward skins of Hens Gizzards dried half a scruple make a very fine Pouder Or the Lozenges made of the three Sanders with a double quantity of Rhubarb given to two drams at a time are good
to strengthen the Liver as also this following Opiate Take of Conserve of Succory Roots one ounce Conserve of old Roses half an ounce the pulp of Currans six drams Crocus Martis one dram prepared Coral shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each one scruple with the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate adding half a scruple of Spirit of Vitriol of which let him take the bigness of a Chesnut three hours before meat You may also add the Liver of a Wolf prepared which is a specifical proper Medicine according to divers Authors Raisons of the Sun because they are good for the Liver are commended in this disease therefore you may eat them in great plenty with their stones which that they may be better taken may be beaten first in a Marble Mortar Or make a Rob or Syrup of Raisons boyling them in red Wine if it be not too hot and then straining out the Juyce and boyling it again til it is thick which you may use alone or in some of an Opiate with these following Take of Currans half a pound boyl them to the thickness of a Pultis in old Wine pass them through a sieve and mix with the straining candied Citron peels half an ounce the pouder of the three Sanders and Diamargariton frigid of each one dram Coral prepared and red Roses of each four scruples the Liver of a Wolf prepared three drams make an Opiate The Syrup of Coral is very excellent to strengthen the Liver and stay the flux thereof but the Tincture thereof is far better As also the Extract or Magistery given in Plantane Water The Juyce of yong Nettle tops given either by it self to two ounces or with Water and Vinegar every morning for three daies together stops the flux and purifieth the corrupt blood But because in this Disease the Body is much consumed a restoring distilled Water that wil also stay a flux either must be given often by it self or with all other Drinks Take a fat Capon and a Partridg and pulling of the Feathers and the Guts ouâ— â—ill their Bellies with Succory Agrimony and Snails of each one handful Conserve of Roâ—es three ounces Plantane and Coriander seeds prepared of each two drams Citron Myrobalans one dram Blood-wort half a handful the Troches of Amber and of Spodium of each four scruples the pouder of the Electuary de Gemmis or precious Stones the three Sanders and Dâ—amargariton frigid of each one dram Sprinkle them all with astringent Wine and putting them into the bellies of the Fowls boyl them in a close vessel in four pints of Water til half be consumed then put them al into a glass Limbeck with three ounces of good Wine distil them in Balneo Mariae for the use aforesaid For Drink let the Patient take the Tincture of Roses or the Decoction of Succory and Dogs-tooth with Syrup of Quinces and some few drops of Spirit of Vitriol Things made of Barley Almonds and Rice are best in his Meats Outwardly to his Belly apply those things which were prescribed in the Cure of Dysentery with some things for the Liver as Wormwood Roses all the Sanders Spodium or burnt Ivory c. Which anointings of the Belly must reach to the region of the Liver You may al o apply the following Epitheme to the Liver Take of Endive and Succory of each one handful Dodder and both sorts of Wormwood of each half a handful red Roses one pugil red Sanders one dram and an half Spodium two scruples boyl them to one pint and an half and dissolve in the straining two ounces of Rose Vinegar boyl them again gently and make an Epitheme Let the same part be anointed with the following Oyntment Take of Cerat of Sanders two ounces Oyl of Quinces and of Wormwood of each three drams Mix them for a Liniment Lastly If the Patient be troubled for want of sleep as is usual because this kind of flux is most in the night you must use Narcoticks such as were propounded for the former fluxes Chap. 9. Of the Worms ALthough Worms breed in divers parts of the Body yet because they are more usual in the Gut than in other parts therefore we wil speak only of those By some it is questioned to what kind of Disease that is preternatural the Worms are to be referred But we can take away al occasion of doubting by saying that after a divers consideration they may refer to all kinds of Diseases for as they prick and pull the Guts or obstruct them and produce other diseases they may be said to be causes of diseases But as they are substances added to those which ought naturally to be contained in the Guts they are reckoned by Galen in the number of those Diseases which are in the number encreased wholly against Nature as the stone also And lastly as they are sent out preternaturally by the belly or the mouth they are to be referred to the fault in Excretion or sending forth Galen in his Comment upon the Aphorisms Aph. 26. Sect. 3. propounds three kinds of Worms The round Worms which are often bred in the Guts and get often up into the Stomach the Ascarides or little Worms like smal thrids which use to lie in the inferior part of the thick Intestines and over against the Sphincter Muscle and the broad Worms called Fascia because they are long and broad like Childrens Swathing bands This kind is more rare to be seen than the rest and a Physitian shall scarce see them in his practice twice or thrice in a yeer yet there are great Controversies among Authors about them some say it is one Worm only some that it is made of many united which they call Cucurbitinos or Gourd Worms and say that they are parts of the broad Worm others make a fourth kind containing the Gourd Worms but we do not intend here to shew their Reasons and several Experiences they have so much boasted of the curious Reader may search for his better satisfaction Rondoletius Platerus Sennertus and many others Moreover There is a great Controversie of the Causes of Worms some say they come of putrid heat others from the Natural others say that both concur for the production of them The first say That all Infects or Vermine come from corruption according to Aristotle The second say That putriu heat is strong â—iery and destructive and therefore is not fit to produce a live body The third â—ort to reconcile the former say that the Matter is disposed by the putrid heat to generate Worms and the Natural heat doth turn it so prepared into worms by way of Concoction But this Reconciliation wil not hold because according to the axiome in Physicks it is the property of the same thing to dispose the matter and bring in the form and therefore the preparation of the matter and the introduction of the form ought to be from the same agent besides Worms breed in Carkasses where there is no native heat we may
in all people alike The usual and most ordinary signs Aâ—â—â—inking Breath somwhat sowr as the women call it and stools like Cow dung of a gray color like Potters Earth dissolved Other signs are less usual as a continual Feaver which is often in a day more violent from the motion of the Worms with heaviness cold sweat somtimes and fainting loathing vomiting and unquenchable thirst The Pulse is unequal the Cheeks are by turns red or blew the Eyes shine the Nose itâ—heth the Teeth gnash and somtimes chatter there is a smal dry Cough much Spittle somtimes there is heaviness of head and sleepiness somtimes doting and Epileptick Convulsions There is often a pain in the Belly by gnawing somtimes by inflamation and distension or stretching forth like men in dropsies somtimes there is starting in the sleep and some tremble and rise up and fall asleep again somtimes all the body pineth and the Patient hath a Dogs Appetite insatiable which is most usual in the flat worms which eat up all the Food Moreover If Gourd Worms called Cucurbitini be voided they are a sign of flat The Ascarides are known by the itching of the Anus or Fundament and the Excrements are many times filled with them For a Conclusion The consuming putrefaction and eating away of the Gums is to be reckoned among the signs of the Worms which is confirmed by this following Observation A certain Boy was a long time troubled with eating away of his Gums many Medicines both internally and externally were applied and all in vain at length he died The body being opened there were found so many Worms that in some places the bowels were eaten through and many were found in the empty places of his Belly As for the Prognostick Many Worms are worse than few great than little Many times they are dangerous and bring great Diseases as a strong Feaver by fits swooning speechlessness doting epilepsie chollick and dogs appetite In the beginning of a disease it is evil for VVorms to come forth either alive or dead especially if they come forth alone and without dung for when they are alive and come forth they signifie great crudity or want of nourishment but dead they signifie great putrefaction by which they are killed VVorms in the declining of a Disease coming forth with the Excrements signifie Health if concoction appear for it appears then that Nature ruleth and mastereth the Excrements The Cure of the Worms is by driving them out because they are wholly against Nature And this is done by purging Medicines which kill VVorms and evacuate the Matter that breedeth them Rhubarb is the best which you may give in a Flux or Feaver But you must first give things that kill them or at least that drive them to the inferior Intestines by things taken at the Mouth or those things that draw them down by Clysters The usual forms whereof are these Take of Dogs-tooth and Purslane Water of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Lemmons one ounce Confectio de Hyacintho one dram the Pouder against Worms one scruple Make a Potion give it presently and then this Clyster Take of whol Barley Bran and red Roses of each one pugil Liquoris and Raisons scraped and stoned of each half an ounce Boyl them to half a pint or three quarters of a pint Dissolve in it strained red Sugar one ounce and one Yolk of an Egg. Make a Clyster You may ad Cassia or Diacatholicon if you desire it stronger After those Medicines have been given once or twice give this Potion Take of Rhubarb one dram yellow Sanders half a scruple infuse them in Water of Dogs-tooth or Purslain two or three ounces strain them and dissolve in it the pouder of Rhubarb and pouder against the Worms of each one scruple Syrup of Roses one ounce Mix them for a Potion Or Take of the pouder of Rhubarb and Coralline of each half a dram more or less according to the age Dogs-tooth Water two ounces Syrup of Violets one ounce Make a Potion If the Feaver be not great two drams of Hiera Picra more or less are to be mixed in a Potion for by its bitterness it killeth and expeileth Worms excellently If these things will not Cure them use these following Take of Dogs-tooth and Sorrel Water of each one ounce Endive Succory Sorrel and Purslane of each one handful the tops of St. Johns-wort Scordium or Water Germander and Centaury the less of each one pugiâ—â— Coralline three drams boyl them to a pint dissolve in the straining three ounces of Syrup of Lemmons Make a Julep for three or four Doses to be taken twice in a day Take of the Oyntment de Artanita or Soubread three ounces Quick-silver one dram mix them and anoint the whol belly Then purge again and often till the body be clensed And you may ad to the former Decoction Senna Agarick Rhubarb c. and give it but once in a day Rondoletius highly commends the Electuary Diacarthamum as an excellent Remedy to expel Worms and to purge Flegm and corrupted Chyle of which worms breed and are nourished as also he commends the infusion of Agarick in Oxymel Which Remedies are proper if there be no Feaver But because often times the diseases of the worms in some Children cannot be cured without much labor and time there are many Remedies found out by Authors both internal and external Among the Internal first we will treat of Pouders whereof there are divers Forms in Authors The chief are these following the dose whereof is from one scruple to a dram according to the age of the Patient in some convenient Liquor Take of Worm-seed half an ounce Coralline three drams Harts-horn two drams Make a Pouder Or Take of Worm-seeds Coralline and Harts-horn burnt of each equal parts Or Take of Hiera simplex two drams Worm-seed Scordium the lesser Centaury and Coralline of each one dram Make a Pouder Take of Rhubarb and Agarick of each one dram Troches of Alhandal one scruple Diagridium half a scruple Coralline and burnt Harts-horn of each half an ounce Myrrh Zedoary and Tansie flowers of each one scruple Salt of Wormwood and Tartar of each half a dram Make a fine Pouder In the use of these Pouders observe that they which are made of hot things are to be given seldom and in smal quantities to hot Natures and in Feavers VVomen use to give to Children troubled with the worms VVorm-seed made up with Sugar or mixed with Honey which is an excellent Medicine because the worms desiring sweet things take in the Honey and withal the VVorm-seed whereby they are destroyed But because VVorm-seed is very hot it may be made temperate by infusing it two hours in Vinegar and after mixing it with boyled Honey into the form of an Opiate which Amatus Lusitanus doth praise as a principal Medicine against VVorms Burnt Harts-horn is commended by Forestus given with Raisons or otherwise and some have been cured with that alone
pure and strong Wine drunken plentifully To these you may ad the Heat of the Part adjacent as in strong Feavers the Liver waxeth Hot from the heat of the Heart The Signs of a Hot Distemper of the Liver are Loathing of Meat especially Flesh Thirst binding of the Belly vehement heat in the whol body especially in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet leanness of the whol body the Patient is worse for hot things and better for cold and if there be plenty of hot Humors there wil somtimes be Vomiting and purging of Choller there is a bitterness in the mouth and for the most part a Feaver As to the Prognostick A Hot Distemper of the Liver is not very dangerous because it is not much contrary to the Constitution of the Liver but it useth to be the Cause of many Diseases not only of the Liver but also of other parts It is hard of Cure especially when the Stomach is cold as often it is for those things which are given to Cool the Liver hurt the Stomach and enlarge its Distemper The Cure consists altogether in the correction of the Distemper by cooling Medicines and by the Evacuation of the Chollerick humors which comes from the Liver encreasing the Distemper and that Distemper it and is the Cause of other Diseases And first Opening of a Vein doth much cool the Liver takes away some of the Choller and opens the Obstructions which comes from Choller therefore you must open the Liver Vein of the Right Arm and let such a quantity of blood as is agreeable to the fulness and strength of the Patient either at once or divers times according to the greatness of the Disease and the continuance of it and that after a Clyster or Laxative Medicine hath been administred Then you must give a Medicine which doth gently Purge Choller and Repeat it often at distance or an Apozem for divers Doses or the Magistral Syrup or Syrup of Succory Compound with a four-fold proportion of Rhubarb which is most convenient because it doth innocently purge the Chollerick Humors cooleth the Liver strengthneth it and opens Obstructions The Forms of these Medicines are these that follow Take of clensed Senna and Tamarinds of each half an ounce Annis seeds one dram Succory and Sorrel of each one handful scraped Liquoris three drams the three Cordial Flowers of each half a pugil boyl them to three ounces and dissolve in the straining of Rhubarb infused with a little Lavender Spike in Succory Water one dram and an half double Catholicon three drams syrup of Roses one ounce make a Potion give it in the morning with due custody For the finer sort of People you may make Clarified Potions which are lately invented which are in form of a Julep but somwhat unpleasant to the taste and in them there is prescribed a double quantity of Purging Medicines because the much strength of them is lost in the Clarifying so that they do seldom work upon strong bodies especially in a dry Country where the Humors are less flowing and not so obedient to purges but in moist Countries these kind of Medicines work succesfully This following is an Example of Clarified Potions Take of clean Senna one ounce Annis seeds one dram Succory Leaves and Maiden-Hair of each one handful scraped Liquoris half an ounce boyl them to ten ounces and infuse in the straining two drams of Rhubarb Cassia new drawn and double Catholicon of each one ounce bruised Tamarinds half an ounce Coriander seeds prepared one dram syrup of Roses one ounce strain them and clarifie them according to art make a Potion An Apozeme to Purge Choller is thus made Take of Sorrel Dogs-tooth Succory and Dock Roots of each one ounce Endive Succory Dandelion and Maiden-hair of each one handful of the Four great seeds of each three drams scraped Liquoris one ounce Succory Bugloss and Violet flowers of each one pugil clean Senna two drams Tamarinds one ounce Mace and Cloves of each one dram boyl them to a Pint and a Quarter in the straining dissolve half an ounce of Rhubarb infused in the aforesaid Decoction with a little Cinnamon of compound syrup of Succory and Roses solutive of each two ounces make an Apozeme clarifie it and aromatize it with two drams of yellow Saunders for four mornings draughts A Magistral Syrup may be made of the ingredients of the former Apozeme with a treble quantity of Purgers and adding an equal proportion of Sugar to the Decoction A Syrup made of Juyces is most used amongst us it is of great power in Chronical Diseases which come from a Hot Distemper of the Liver and from yellow and burnt Choller And it is made thus Take of the new made Juyces from their Faeces of Endive Succory Sorrel Fumatory Burrage and Bugloss of each three Pints the Juyce of sweet Apples newly drawn and purified two Pints fresh Polypody of the Oak half a pound clean Senna eight ounces Dodder of Thyme three ounces Agarick newly Trochiscated half an ounce Mace and Cloves of each half a dram infuse them and boyl them according to art while there remains one Pint and an half of the straining in which dissolve of Rhubarb infused with a little Lavender in the aforesaid Juyces and strained one ounce white Sugar one pound and an half make a Syrup well boyled clarified and aromatized with two drams of Triasantalon keep this syrup in a Glass give two ounces at a time or three twice or thrice every month with Chicken Broth wherein Endivs Succory and Sorrel have been boyled or in Whey These things following are excellent to cool the Liver And first for ordinary Drink use the common Ptisan made of Barley Water and Liquoris or with Dog-tooth and Sorrel Roots Or mix such a Decoction with Syrup of Lemmons or Maiden-hair Or they who are more dainty may take only the simple Spring Water mixed with the aforesaid Syrups And if you desire to cool more you may put as much Spirit of Sulphur or of Vitriol as will make it a little sharp And when the heat is very vehement you may give a dram of Lapis Prunellae therewith There is also made a most pleasant Drink of Conserve of Roses mixed with Spring Water and strained to which you may ad some drops of Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol to make it sharp and red like VVine You may also make a Tincture of Roses thus Take of red Roses dried one ounce warm Water three pints Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol one dram and an half Infuse them three or four hours add to it being strained three quarters of a pound of white Sugar Keep it for your use The Alexandrine Julep for this purpose is made thus Take of Spring Water one pint Rose Water Juyce of Lemmons and white Sugar of each four ounces Boyl them with a gentle fire till they are skinned These two last Remedies are used two waies either for ordinary Drink or as a Julep twice
or thrice in a day Also divers Juleps to cool the Liver use to be prescribed of which the Forms following may be Examples Take of Sorrel Succory Dog-tooth and Dock Roots of each one ounce Endive Succory Sorrel and Maiden-hair of each one handful Succory Bugloss and Borrage Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve Syrup of Lemmons three ounces â—â—ake a cleer Julep for three Doses to be taken twice in a day If you will make it cooler add a little Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol to every Dose to make it sharp And to make it colder yet add a dram of Sal prunellae VVhen Herbs are wanting you may make a Julep of stilled VVaters thus Take of Endive Succory and Sorrel Water of each three ounces Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegrantes of each one ounce and an half Make a Julep for three Doses You may also make Juleps that are good and pleasant of Juyces an Example of all which may be this that followeth Take of the Juyce of sweet Apples newly drawn and taken from the faeces four ounces the juyce of Lemmons three ounces Rose Water two ounces the Juyce of Pomegranates one ounce white Sugar half a pound Make a Julep for three Doses Instead of Juleps Physick Broth may be made for the dainty folk of the Herbs aforesaid boyled with a Chicken To which you may add one dram of Lapis Prunellae that it may cool the better or make it sharp with some drops of Spirit of Vitriol Blood of Succory and Germander brought into a Syrup as followeth are good to clense the blood open obstructions and cool the Liver Take of Succory Water made in Balneo Mariae as much as you please the Leaves of Succory two parts Germander one part Steep them together and digest them in Balneo Mariae three daies then strain them and add to the Liquor fresh Succory and Germander then digest them again three daies then strain them and let this way of Infusion be repeated eight or ten times The Liquor will turn red like blood to which you must put as much Sugar and make it into a Syrup Besides You may make Opiates and Tablets to cool the Liver and strengthen it thus Take of Conserve of the Flowers of Succory Violets Water-lillies and Bugloss of each one ounce the pouder of the three Sanders one dram and an half With Syrup of Lemmons make an Opiate to be taken often Take of the Lozenges of the three Sanders with a double quantity of Rhubarb four ounces Let him take every morning two hours before meat one of the weight of two drams Conserve of Hips of the Canker Rose well clensed and boyled with Sugar into the Form of a Marmalade doth powerfully cool the Liver if the Patient taketh it instead of the former Opiate The Tincture of Coral made with Juyce of Lemmons doth cool and strenthen the Liver if you give two spoonfuls thereof every day or twice in a week at the least A Bath of warm VVater used often doth more powerfully and profitably cool and moisten the Body than any other Remedy especially in lean folk VVhey is good for the same if it be used fifteen daies or more together It is made best by boyling the Milk and powring in a little Vinegar or Juyce of Lemmons and afterwards straining it Amatus Lusitanus prepareth it thus Take of Whey one pint very sharp Syrup of Vinegar three ounces Mix them and after a little boyling let it be taken as Mineral Waters twice or thrice and then walk upon it The Ancients took it five pints at a time Quercetan prepareth it thus Take of Whey two pints Juyce of Lemmons two ounces the new made Juyce of sweet Apples three ounces Clarifie them all together at the fire with the white of an Egg and put to them a little Sugar When it is strained take six or eight ounces every morning for fifteen or twenty daies together And if the Body be lean and consumed you may give Milk alone especially if it be of an Ass for many daies The Decoction of China prepared with the Juyce of Lemmons is also good for this purpose especially if there be Obstructions It is made thus Take of China Roots sliced one ounce Spring Water six pints the Juyce of Lemmons three ounces Steep them twenty four hours then boyl them till the third part be consumed then strain them through a Hippocras Bag and let him take six ounces thereof morning and evening and mix it with Wine when he pleaseth Lastly Mineral Waters that have Vitriol are good because they open and cool If the Disease continue after all this open the Hemorrhoids with Hors-leeches once or twice in a month And also use outwardly Epithems and cooling Oyntments to the Region of the Liver Make Epithems of Sorrel Succory Rose or Plantane Water or of Vinegar and Camphire to which for the strengthening of the part add a little Pouder of the three Sanders The Oyntments are Galens cooling Oyntment and the Cerat of Sanders Chap. 2. Of the Inflamation Imposthume and Vlcer of the Liver THe Inflamation of the Liver is a hot Tumor arising from Blood which is out of its Vessels and sent into the substance thereof And as the Blood is either pure or mixed with other Humors so doth it produce divers kinds of Tumors For if it be pure it makes a true Phlegmon but if it be mixed with Choller Flegm or Melancholly it produceth an Erysipelous Oedematous or Schirrous Phlegmon And if the said Humors predominate over the Blood there is a Phlegmonous Erysipelas oedema and schirrus There is another difference in respect of the place in which the Inflamation is it is either in the gibbous part or Cavity of the Liver Which is thus to be understood according to Galen 5. de locis aff cap. 7. An Inflamation cannot be in either part of the Liver distinct so that the other shal be free because the flesh in the part is contained in all parts and therefore when one part suffereth the other also suffereth in some measure Moreover That which Galen taught 13. Meth. Cap. 14. is worth observation When the hollow part of the Liver is offended it is necessary that the Inflamation reach to the Veins of the Mesentery which come from the Gate Vein And Experience teacheth that they who have died of this Inflamation have had not only an Imposthume in the Liver but also in the Mesentery VVe must also observe from Hippocrates Aph. 45. Sect. 7. That an Imposthume somtimes is only in the Membrane which covereth the Liver and somtimes in the substance or Parenchyma of it For saith he they who have a hot Liver suppurated if pure white quittor or matter flow from thence do escape for it is contained in the Tunicle But if it be like Lees of Oyl they die Galen in his Comment saith thus They who have matter in the Tunicle of their Liver and the substance not
contrary to the opening Faculty which they desire Moreover There is another wrong done to this Medicine when it is made in a Brass Kettle which leaves a malignant quality upon the Medicine for it is a known and vulgar saying among Apothecaries You must not boyl sharp things in Brass Vessels because they easily pierce and attract a noxious Tincture from them But the Crystals of Tartar are most sharp called by some Acidum Tartari or the sharpness of Tartar This Error is often made by Apothecaries and almost all they who make this Crystal themselves use Brass Vessels so that I have seen some Tartar look Skie-colored from the Verdugreece which it hath taken from the Copper Therefore Physitians shall do conscienciously honorably and for the good of their Patients if they cause their Apothecaries to make Crystal of Tartar themselves and in Glass Iron or Earthen Vessels glassed The Salt of Tartar hath great power to open Obstructions and may well be mixed with Apozems Opiates and opening Pills But the chief use of it is in a loosening Ptisan or Barley Water made of two drams of Senna infused in eight ounces of cold Water with one scruple or half a dram of Salt of Tartar by which the Tincture of the Senna will be powerfully extracted so that this Ptisan shal work better than any ordinary one and continued many daies it takes away all Obstructions we have seen Quartan Agues cured by the use of it fifteen daies together If you fear the sharpness of the Salt of Tartar you may correct it with the Spirit of Sulphur or of Vitriol putting fifteen drops of Spirit to half a dram of Salt You may find the use of the Spirit of Tartar in our Observations for the Cure of the Dropsie under the Title of a Diuretical Spirit Of Vitriol only the Oyl or Spirit is used in Apozemes Syrups and other Forms of Medicines This following Syrup which is good against all Obstructions of the Liver Mesentery and Veins may be for an Example by which many through continual Feavers falling into evil Habits and Dropsies have been perfectly cured Take of the Roots of Smallage Elicampane Sparagus Eringus of each one ounce Leaves of Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Dodder Carduus of each one handful the tops of Sea Wormwood and of the lesser Centaury of each half a handful Winter Cherries one ounce Spring Water six pints boyl them till two pints of the straining remain in which dissolve of the Juyce of Succory and Burnet refined of each one pint the juyce of Fumitory and Hops of each six ounces Fennel and Parsley juyce of each three ounces Vinegar of Squils one pint and an half white Sugar six pound make a Syrup to which add of the Oyl of Vitriol as much as will make it sharp of which let the Patient take three spoonfuls before Break-fast and as much before Dinner and Supper The Natural sharp Baths shew the Efficacy of Vitriol the use whereof is frequent and profitable in all Diseases coming of Obstructions But the Spirit of Vitriol mixed with the Salt or Spirit of Tartar is much commended by the Chymists and of them they make Tartar Vitriolate and that rare mixture of Spirit of Vitriol Tartar and Treacle which may be mixed with other openers Lastly There are divers Medicines made of Steel both by Galenists and Paracelsians which plainly opening Obstructions presently compel al men to use them even those who reject all Medicines made of Mettals as Enemies to our Natures These Medicines of Steel are made either in the Form of Wine Syrups Opiates Pills or Lozenges Steeled Wine is made thus Take of the Filings of Steel four ounces Eryngo Roots and Elicampane of each one ounce and an half yellow Sanders one ounce red Coral and shavings of Ivory of each six drams Cloves Nutmeg and Cinnamon of each two drams Flowers of Broom Rosemary and Epithimum of each two pugils the best white Wine six pints steep them eight daies in Balneo Mariae or behind an Oven then strain them through a Hippocras bag and let the Patient take two or three ounces every morning two hours before meat for fifteen daies or more if need require Or make it thus Take of Steel prepared with Sulphur one ounce Elicampane and the middle rind of Tamarisk of each half an ounce Senna three ounces Epithimum one ounce Foecula Brioniae and Cinnamon of each two drams Pouder of the three Sanders one dram and an half Agrimony Water and white Wine of each one pint Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae Let him take three or four ounces when it is strained three hours before meat Commonly they use the Infusion of Steel in white Wine or Claret for ordinary Drink with much Water for two or three months together You may make a Syrup of Steel thus Take of Filings of Steel steeped in Vinegar two ounces the inward rind of Tamarisk half an ounce Ceterach half a handful Cinnamon three drams Wormwood and Agrimony Water of each half a pint white Wine one pint Infuse them six daies in a warm place add to the staining Sugar one pound and an half make a Syrup Let the Patient take every morning two or three ounces For the Preparation aforesaid of Steel you must steep it in Vinegar in the Sun while the Vinegar is consumed three times and then grind it upon a Marble This Syrup may be made Purging and better if you dissolve the Sugar with a pint of Water wherein three ounces of Senna and half an ounce of Rhubarb have been steeped a whol night The Pouder of Steel is made thus taken out of Quercetan's Dispensatory Take of the shavings of Steel either commonly prepared or with Sulphur one ounce the faecula of the Root of Cuckow-pintle one dram and an half Amber-greece half a dram for the Poor a Cordial Species will serve instead of Ambergreece Coral and Pearl prepared of each two drams Amber prepared and Cinnamon of each four scruples Sugar as much as is sufficient to make a pleasant Pouder of which let him take half a spoonful or two drams with Wine for fifteen dayes Of the same Pouder and Sugar dissolve in Turnep Water and Confection Alkermes may be made very pleasant Lozenges to be taken as the former Or Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone half an ounce confection Alkermes two drams Ambergreece one scruple Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces make Lozenges Let him take two drams every morning Instead of the Pouder the Extract of Steel may be used made in white Wine for those who are dainty Divers Opiates are made also of Steel these following are best Take of the conserve of the Flowers of Tamarisk and Maiden-Hair of each one ounce and an half conserve of the Roots of Elicampane six drams Steel prepared either with Sulphur or Vinegar one dram Salt of Tamarisk one dram Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple with the syrup of candied Citrons make an Opiate of which let him
as the Liver or Spleen are most affected Then give these Broths Take of Sparagus Dog-tooth and Succory Roots of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Bugloss and Succory of each half a handful Cream of Tartar one dram boyl them with a Chicken and make Broth ten or twelve daies adding four drops of Spirit of Vitriol to cool and open more In old Obstructions you may add to the former China Roots Sassaphras white Sanders Smallage Roots and â—â—le Fern Roots Bettony Scabious Coriander prepared Raisons and the like If the Belly be bound or the Body very foul give in every third draught of Broth half an ounce of Senna with Annis seeds Or this Apozeme instead of the Broth Take of Bugloss Sparagus Succory and Sorrel Roots of each one ounce the middle rind of Tamarisk and Ash of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Dodder Succory Fumitory Hops Bugloss and Borrage of each one handful the four cold seeds Annis and Fennel seeds of each two drams Currance one ounce Senna and Polipody of the Oak of each two ounces Dodder of Time one ounce the best Agarick and Rhubarb infused by themselves in Cinnamon Water of each two drams Mace and Cloves of each one dram the three Cordial Flowers of each one pugil Boyl them to a pint and dissolve in the straining Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb and of Roses solutive of each two ounces Make an Apozeme clarified and aromatized with two drams of yellow Sanders for four morning draughts Or give Cock Broth thus made Take of Roots of Asparagus Bruscus and the bark of Capar Roots and Tamarisk of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach and Maiden-hair of each one handful Annis Citron and Carduus seeds of each one dram Senna half an ounce Polipody of the Oak and Epithimum or Dodder of Time of each three drams Cinnamon one scruple Crystal of Tartar one dram Boyl them all with half a Cock which let him take four mornings After you have sufficiently purged a Bath of warm Water is most convenient used many â—â—ieâ— in which cool Herbs have been boyled and sweet Apples Somtimes it is made of Barley and Almoâ—â—â— beaten and put into a Bagg and boyled in Water It must be often repeated if the season will permit for Galen 8. de loc aff cap. 6. saith that he cured many melancholhck men only with the use of hot baths without any other Medicine And if the Patient cannot endure a whol bath let him have one for half the body And least often washing should hurt the Stomach when he enters into the Bath let it be perâ—â—â—â— with Oyl of Nutmegs by Expression or the like When he goes forth of the bath let the Region of his Liver be anointed with the Cerat of Sanders or Oyntment of Roses washed in Oxycrate After his last bath let the Hemorrhoids be provoked with sharp Suppositories or with rubbing the Anus with Fig Leaves or with a rough linnen Cloth and with two or three Hors-leeches apphed to the most apparant places take away five or six ounces of blood And this must be done every Spring and Fall and somtimes once a Month. They who are used to have the Flux of the Hemorrhoids if it hath been long stopped so that they wil not appear must have a Cupping Glass applied If after the Leeches are fallen off they bleed stil as somtimes they wil stop them with Clay or Pouder of Coal or with Spiders Webs or with Pouder of Lime or with astringent Pouders taken up with the white of an Egg and Pledgets And if you cannot conveniently open them it is good to draw blood from the inferior Veins that the most impure may be voided An Issue burnt in the left Legg doth purge the Spleen and other Bowels from superfluous Humors and therefore forget it not But because this Disease useth to be very stubborn and after Purging new Humors return you must purge by sits that the Body may be freed from them by degrees which may be wel done by a Magistral Syrup made thus Take of new drawn purified Juyces of the Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Endive Succory Fumitory and Sorrel three pints the Juyce of sweet Apples newly drawn and clensed two pints fresh Polipody of the Oak half a pound clean Senna eight ounces Dodder of Time three ounces Agarick newly made into Troches one ounce Ginger and Cloves of each one dram Infuse them and strain them according to art till there remain five pints and a quarter of the Liquor in which dissolve the straining of an ounce of Rhubarb dissolved in the said Juyces by themselves with a little Cinnamon and one pound of Sugar Make of these a well boyled Syrup clarifie it and aâ—â—matize it with two drams of the Pounder of the three Sanders keep it in a Glass and let him take into ounces thereof twice or thrice in a month with a little Chicken Broth boyled with Endive Sorrel Borrage and Burnet Or instead of the Syrup you may give Pils especially in Winter such as were mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver or if you fear they are too hot you may make these following Take of Polypody of the Oak half an ounce Asarabacca Roots and Broom buds of each one dram Currance three drams Crystal of Tartar one dram and an half Bugloss and Borrage flowers of each half a pugil Boyl them in Spring Water Take half a pint of the straining being well clarified and six ounces of the Juyce of sweet Apples also well clarified and infuse therein one ounce of clean Senna Turbith and Agarick of each three drams Mace Cloves Cinnamon and Dodder of Time of each one dram digest them four daies in Balneo Marioe then strain them and add to the straining one ounce of the Extract of Aloes made in Endive and Sorrel Water Myrrh dissolved in Wine and strained two drams Salt of Tartar one dram Evaporate them all and inspissate and thicken them at a gentle fire adding towards the end when the matter is almost evaporated Diarrhodon Abbatis Loetisicans Galeni and the Troches of Dialacca of each half a scruple bring them into a mass for Pills and let the Patient take half a dram once in a week two hours before meat Pereda witnesseth that the hath cured many Melanchollick men with this following Pouder and he cals it Blessed and Divine Take of Dodder of Time half an ounce Lapis Lazuli and Agarick in new made Troches of each two drams Scammony one dram Cloves twenty mix them into a Pouder and give two drams twice or thrice in a month with Whey or Borrage Water If you cannot conveniently give often Purges it is good every other day to give a Clyster to revel vapors and draw forth some part of the Humor for if they go deep into the Guts they take away the greatest part of the filth from the Meseraicks We knew a Noble Man who being long troubled with this Disease was cured by often Clysters
to produce it And therefore this may be a probable sign of the stone As for the Prognostick The stone of the Kidneys is very dangerous for it useth to bring great evils as Inflamation Exulceration great Pains Watchings dejection of strength Feavers stoppings of Urine and the like dangerous Symptomes If this Disease be Haereditary coming from the Parents it is incurable And because Hippocrates saith that the Diseases of the Reins are hard to be cured in oldmen Aph. 6. Sect. 6. The Stone of the Kidneyes in old men is difficult if not incurable If the pain of the Kidneys continue many daies and cannot be cured with any Medicines there is danger of death and it is neer at hand when they are cold externally and have a cold sweat in the face Urines that are first thin and after thick and have sand at the bottom do signifie that the fit is towards an end A Stone joyned with an Ulcer in the Kidneys is incurable for those things which break the Stone do exasperate the Ulcer The Cure of the pain of the Kidneys and stone sticking in them or in the Ureters is by enlarging of the passages and relaxing them by throwing forth the stone and any other thing that hurts them by removing or taking away the antecedent cause and by taking away the pain Which you may do with these Medicines Take of Marsh-mallow and Lilly Roots of each one ounce Mallows Violets Pellitory Bearfoot of each one handful Lin-seed and Fenugreek seed of each half an ounce fat Figgs six Chamomel and Melilot Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining Cassia and Diacatholicon of each six drams Oyl of Lillies and Violets of each one ounce and an half fresh Oyl two ounces make a Clyster to be given presently Afterwards open the Liver Vein of the right or left Arm and take away eight or nine ounces of blood according to the strength and fulness of the Patient Phlebotomy is very necessary to prevent Inslamation which useth to come from continuance of pain After blood-letting give this Clyster Take of the flowers of Chamomel and Melilot the tops of Dill Pellitory of the wall and Rue of each half a bandful Annis Fennel and Cummin seeds of each half an ounce Make a decootion to one pint in which dissolve Diaphoenicon half an ounce Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg one ounce Oyl of Dill and Scorpions of each three ounces Make a Clyster To mollifie more and asswage the pain after your Laxative you may make one of Oyl thus Take of Oyl of Dill and of Chamomel of each half a pound Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Oyl of Rue one ounce mix them for a Clyster At the same time appply a Fomentation to the part pained made of the Decoction of the first Clyster with Annis seeds and Fennel seeds Oyl and Water with Spunges Take of Oyl of Scorpions compounded two ounces fresh Butter Hens Grease Oyl of Lillies and of sweet Almonds of each one ounce Make a Liniment to be used after the Fomentation Or this Cataplasin Take of Mallows and Pellitory of each two handfuls Parsley with the Roots one handful Rhadish Roots two ounces boyl them soft and beat them then add of Onions roasted two Oyl of Lillies bitter Almonds and sweet Butter of each two ounces Make a Cataplasin which you must put between two thin linnen cloaths and apply warm to the Belly according to the length of the Vreters and heat it as often as it grows cold You may also apply one either made of Pellitory alone or with Eggs fryed in a Pan with Oyl of Chamomel bitter Almonds Scorpions in a cloth Or make it of Onions shred and fryed with Hogs Grease or the Oyls aforesaid with five or six warm Eggs applied And because in this Disease there is abundance of crude Humors after Clysters which must still be repeated as the pain cometh you may give a purging Medicine especially in form of a Bolus lest it be easily vomited up because these Patients are commonly squeazy stomached Take of Cassia new drawn with Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce Diaphoenicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram with the pouder of Liquorin and Tragacanth make a Bolus If the Patient cannot swallow a Bolus dissolve purging things in the Decoction of Mallows But you must diligently observe that you must not give a Purging Medicine before the pain be allayed For when the pain is great a strong Purge seldom works because then all the parts contract themselves and refuse to help the Medicine But at that time you may give a Vomit by which the plenty of Humors may be abated and a revulsion is made from the part affected and often Nature of the self when the pain is urgent doth endeavor the same and after it finds ease A gentle Vomit which will also asswage pain may be made thus Take of warm Water four ounces Sallet Oyl one ounce simple Syrup of Vinegar one ounce and an half Make a Vomit If you will have a stronger you must use Salt of Vitriol or Mercurius vitae with which Angelus Sala saith that he hath often cured this disease Before and after purging you must give at the mouth those things which open the passages and abate the pain for which purpose the Syrup of Marsh-mallows proscribed by Fernelius often given is excellent But because it is not alwaies ready in the Shops you may make it simply thus Take of Marsh-mallows three ounces boyl them to a pint dissolve in the straining half a pound of Sugar Let him take it often This following Julep given often is good to mollifie the Passages Take of Barley one pugil gray Pease half a pugil Mallow and Marsh-mallow seeds of each two drams the four great cold seeds of each one dram fat Figs eight Scbestens six Liquoris half an ounce boyl them to a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Maiden-hair four ounces Give it at four draughts twice or thrice in a day Give for his ordinary drink a decoction of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce and an half Barley two pugils Liquoris six drams in sive pints of water to a pint Or make Broths of Mallows Marsh-mallows and gray Pease with much butter and a little salt or boyl the same in fat broth Or give Emulsions made of the four great cold seeds But Oyl of sweet Almonds above all Medicines doth mollifie and relax the Passages and asswageth pain if it be new drawn give three or four ounces by its self or with white Wine or a Decoction of Marsh-mallows Liquoris and gray Pease or make Potion of equal parts of Oyl of sweet and bitter Almonds because bitter Almonds are good also to expel the Stone The day after you have opened the Arm you may open the Ham or Ancle Vein on the same side for that will derive the Humor and the Patients find much ease thereby Which Rule is given
us by Hippocrates 6. Epid. Part. I. Aph. 6. and by Aetius lib. 11. cap. 5. And if the Disease last long you may open the Hemorroids according to Hipp. Aph. 11. Sect. 6. who saith That it is good for Melanchollick men and such as have the stone to have their Hemorrhoids bleed From the same branch of the Spleen there are Veins which go to the Reins bladder and Hemorrhoids If the pain be not asswaged by Fomentations Liniments and Cataplasms aforesaid put him into a Bath made of the Emollent Decoction with white Wine added for it asswageth pain at least while the Patient sits therein but you must not use it much least it take away strength And lastly When the pain is very great with watching and weakness you must give Narcoticks and put two drams of Philonium Romanum or five or six grains of Laudanum in a Clyster or three or four grains at the mouth or one ounce of Syrup of Poppies in a convenient Julep After these Topicks have been used in a long pain it is good to apply a Plaister of Melilot malaxed with Oyl of Chamomel and Dill. This pain useth to be bred with some of these Medicines and with repeating Purges if they be needful or giving Cassia often But if after the use of them it continue it is most certain that they are great stones which stop the Ureters which must be sent out by Diureticks which wil break them But you must first begin with the mildest lest by strong and sharp you inflame the Blood and the Reins And you must consider the habit of the Body For a full Body will endure things that do more pierce and make thin but a slender less There are abundance of this kind in Authors that diminish break and expel the stone but we wil give you only the most choyce Take of Smallage Parsley Butchers Broom Couch-grass and Sparagus Roots of each one ounce Mallow and Marsh-mallow Roots of each half an ounce Pellitory of the wall two bandfuls Annis Fennel Dill Caraway Carrot Amye Carthamus Cummin Rue seeds and Bay-berries of each two drams Chamomel Melilot Dill and French Lavender of each one pugil boyl them in white Wine to the consumption of half Dissolve in the straining being one pint fresh Butter four ounces Honey of Roses two ounces red Sugar one ounce Benedicta Laxativa half an ounce one Yolk of an Egg Oyl of Nuts Lin-seed and Dill of each three ounces mix them for a Clyster which let him keep two hours if he can Take of Strawberry Water and Saxifrage Water of each two ounces the best white Wine six ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Spirit of Vitriol one dram mix them for three doses Give the first as hot as may be endured after six hours give the second as the former and if this will not do as it seldom misseth let him take the third You may sooner make a Julep of Saxifrage Water and Syrup of Violets with fifteen or twenty drops of Spirit of Vitriol Take of the Juyce of Pellitory drawn without fire three ounces Juyce of Lemmons and Oyl of sweet Almonds drawn without fire of each one ounce and an half Mix them for a Julep to be given three or four times morning and evening Or Take of the Juyce of Lemmons and white Wine of each two ounces Sugar candy half a dram Take it instead of the Julep Concerning Juyce of Lemmons you must note That it must be used warily for being given often and much it maketh Exulcerations in the Stomach from whence cometh the Flux called Lienteria These Pills following are excellent Take of Sal prunella Crystal of Tartar Salt of Ivy Berries and of Water-cresses of each equal parts with some proper Syrup or Turpentine make a Mass of Pills of which give one dram every morning This following pouder of Quercetan is much commended Take of the inward skin of Hens Gizzards and their white Dung of each half an ounce the inward skins of Egg-shels poudered two ounces and an half Rupture and Cinnamon of each four scruples Medlar stones two drams Annis and Fennel seeds of each one ounce make them into very fine pouder and give half a dram or a dram thereof in white Wine The Ashes of burnt Egg-shels from half a dram to an ounce given in white Wine doth powerfully expel the Stone that sticks in the passages of the Ureters Goats blood prepared is commended of all Authors old and modern as the best Medicine to dissolve the stone The Dose is from half a dram to a dram The Water of Goats Blood distilled in a Glass in Balneo Mariae doth wonders But you must feed the Goat one month with Saxifrage burnt Juniper berries Parsley and other Diureticks without Drink Hartman commends the Urine of a Goat in these words as a wonderful Remedy In the stoppage of the Reins by a greatstone or when the Vreters and Bladder are stopped by stones sent thither so that one drop cannot be voided it is excellent if you take the Vrine of a Goat taken out with his Bladder while he is yet alive and drink and apply his Paunch and Guts to the Belly and Privities for so the stone will be presently consumed without hurt to the Vessels and the Patient cured The Pouder of Millepedum or Sows is excellent to dissolve the stone and we will teach the use thereof in the stone of the Bladder Also the infusion of the same in white Wine and continued There is a Wine of Winter Cherries commended of Arnoldus Villanovanus and they say it doth so bring forth the matter of the stone that you may take it up in your hand And this is done by beating the Winter Cherries in white Wine and giving the strained Liquor These also following are good Take of Lapis Judaicus or Jews stone Pulvis Lithontribi Justini of each one dram Peach Kernels Gum Tragacanth and Cherry-stone Kernels of each half a dram bring them to Pouder and with Turpentine make a Bolus which give in three Doses morning and evening Take of Hors-Rhadish scraped two ounces white Wine four ounces steep them a few hours then strain them strongly Let the Patient take the straining twice or thrice at convenient hours Savin Water given to an ounce or two doth purge stones and gravel Take of Mallow Roots clensed in white Wine six ounces Burdock and Couch-grass Roots of each four ounces Asarum Paâ—sley Valerian and Fennel Roots bruised of each two ounces Maiden-hair Saxifrage Burnet Golden rod and Betony of each four handfuls Bazil Burdock Carduus Mountain Osier seeds Medlar stones and Peach stones of each one ounce Gromwel seeds two ounces Lapidis Lyncis and Judaici of each one ounce and an half Turpentine three ounces Goats Blood prepared two ounces and an half Saffron two drams white Wine four pints bruise them that must and mix them all distil them in Balneo Mariae Take two ounces of this Water three hours before Supper drinking after
Julep of Violets to cool him thus Take of the pouder of Sows prepared one scruple Aqua vitae two scruples red Pease Broth eight ounces Mix them and give it six hours before meat Thus Augenius Sennertus in his Chapter of the Stone in the Bladder tels a famous story of William Lauremberg Professor of Rostoch who being old and troubled with the stone was unwilling to be cut and therfore sought for other Remedies First he tried the famous Water against the Stone which is so much prized by Princes which is thus made Take of Salt of white Tartar one ounce Parsley Water one pint Mix them and strain them with a brown Paper and with Orange peels make it yellow He used also the Indian Jewel called in Spanish Igiada which is most famous for breaking the Stone but both to no purpose Therfore be desired to make tryal of the Medicine of Sows which Horatius Augenius saith cured two yong men In imitation of whom after general Physick and good Diet he took of Sows one scruple the Spirit of Juniper two scruples red Pease Broth ten ounces which he took in the morning but the first and second time he found a straightness in his Breast and a fainting so that he was constrained to take one dram of Treacle with the Potion and so used it fifteen daies but all this while he voided no gravel And then he added other things and made it thus Take of prepared Sows two ounces a Hares and Goats Blood prepared wild Rose Flowers and purple Violet seeds of each one ounce Species Lithontribi two scruples mix them for an Antidote of which take two scruples the Diuretick Decoction ten ounces the Spirit of Juniper two scruples Which Medicine after he had taken it the second time at five a clock in the morning four hours after he felt a great pain under the Os Publis about the Neck of the Bladder A little after he made a little Water and therewith some thin red things like scales of fishes which though they seemed to be slimy yet when they were touched turned to sand So that it plainly appeared that they were the outside of the Stone By the continuance of this Medicine every fourth or fifth day he voided the like scales and somtimes bigger pieces especially when he used a sweet bath But when the neck of the bladder was wounded by the fragments and the stone he used Medicines to asswage pain and by the use of these Medicines was in seventeen months cured The Decoction was Take of Liquoris four scruples Roots of Marsh-mallows Couch-grass Rest-harrow of each half an ounce Winter Cherries twenty red Pease six ounces Raisons one ounce the four great cold Seeds of each one scruple Barley two handfuls Boyl them in Winter Cherry Water Rest-harrow Strawberry and Bean Flower Water of each one pint and an half to the straining add of the Syrup of Marsh-mallows four ounces The Sows are thus prepared Take of live Sows two pound wash them in Rest-harrow Water then drown them in Spanish Wine then powr the Wine out and put them in Glasses the more Glasses the better because then they will dry better Put these Glasses well stopt into the Oven when the Bread is drawn that they may dry gently till they will pouder then put some Spanish Wine upon this Pouder as much as it will take in and dry it again do so thrice and fourthly wash it with this Liquor Take of Straw-berry Water three ounces Spirit of Vitriol half a dram mix them Then dry it and make it fine and keep it in a Glass for your use Besides the aforesaid the use of the distilled Water of Goats blood or of the Urin of a Goat newly slain which was formerly mentioned in the Stone of the Kidneys If the Stone cannot be broken with Medicines necessity requireth the manual operation though it be dangerous lest the Patient die with lingering pain This requires a skilful and wel exercised Artist and that it may have good success as we have observed It is the Duty of the Physitian before the operation to prepare the body by bleeding purging and diet as the state of the business requireth And observe that the taking away of a stone from a Woman hath no danger because it is done only by enlarging the Passage of the Urine which in them is very short If the Patient fear cutting or want a good Chyrurgion he may use asswaging Medicines least the Stone should cut and ulcerate the neck of the bladder such as are prescribed for heat of Urine But if a stone fastened in the neck of the bladder stop the Urine it must be shaken back with lying upon the back with the leg up and the body shaked and then by a good somentation or bath and with a Catheter let the stone be sent back into the bladder Chap. 3. Of the Inflamation of the Reins and Bladder BEcause the Inflamation of the Reins and Bladder are cured with the same Medicines therefore we will put them in the same Chapter although the Signs are different as shall be shewed This Inflamation is a Tumor of those Parts from the flowing of Blood or Choller unto them This is not very ordinary because the substance of those parts is solid and thick but somtimes it happeneth because the Kidneys are fleshy and apt to receive blood but the Bladder though it be without blood and spermatick because it receives blood for its Nourishment through the smal Veins is without question subject to Inflamation by too much blood as other Membranes of the Brain or Meninges the Pleura Mediastinum and the like We said that these Inflamations come from Blood or Choller as when Flegm or Melancholly in the Blood make the parts thicker because they cannot pierce into their thick substance The Causes of this Disease are either from things Natural not Natural or Pretematural From Natural things when there is a Natural Infirmity of those parts from the Parents or a great loosness of them a great heat originally in them by which they draw plenty of Humors In Youth these conduce much to an Inflamation From things not Natural as much Venery which weakeneth those parts and draws much blood or other Humors to them Gluttony Drunkenness and eating of Salt and Spiced Meats great Passions of the Mind lying upon the back in a soft bed great Exercise stoppage of some great Eâ—acuations as of the Months and Hemorrhoids or usual bleeding at the Nose those things which cause repletion and evil concoction and drive the humors to the inward bowels From Preternatural things as a stroak or wound upon the Reins or about the Bladder a pressing or bruise of those parts constant Feavers foulness of the Vessels or other parts that purge themselves by Urine as in a Pleurisie Empyema or imposthume in the side Obstruction of the Spleen breaking of the Mesentery and the like And lastly Disease of those parts do cause Inflamation as the stone
under the name of Dysuria being they come all of the same Causes and are cured by the same Medicines The immediate Cause of painful pissing is a solution of continuity in the Sphincter Muscle or the passage of the Bladder and therefore whatsoever can cause a wound in those parts may cause heat of Urine The most usual Cause is sharpness of Urine somtimes without mixture of other Humors which is caused by a hot distemper of the Bowels or of the whol Body or by eating of hot and sharp Meats but it often comes by mixture of hot and sharp Humors as Choller and salt Flegm Somtimes matter coming from the Reins or Bladder being ulcerated may cause such a sharpness of Urine Somtimes a white Humor like Milk comes plentifully forth with the Urine and causeth scalding which is commonly thought to be Matter from the Reins but Sennertus denies it for this Reason For if all the Reins were turned into Matter they could not afford so much as is many times voided at once every day for a week together And he supposeth that it comes from an evil Concoction first of the Stomach then of the Liver because the error of the first Concoction cannot be mended in the second hence the Chylus and then the Blood remains crude not freed from its Salt and Tartar-like parts which ought to be separated in the first Concoction and they being after sucked into the Reins and sent to the Bladder cause pain in pissing He saith that he was brought to be of this Judgment because a Learned man who was troubled some weeks with heat of Urine which he voided plentifully with half an Urinal ful of such white Matter was when nothing else could asswage his violent pains cured only with drinking of Sack Also a stone in the Bladder if it strike against the Neck of it in time of pissing causeth pain and also large Gravel which grates upon the passage of the Urine Also Inflamation or Ulcer of those parts causeth heat of Urine because the sence is more quick at that time and though the Urine be wel tempered it is troublesom as we see externally how the least touch is offensive to a sore place So in a Gonorrhoea as long as the Parastates are inflamed there is a continual heat of Urine The Knowledg of this Disease is evident for the Patient is forced to roar somtimes with pain But you must distinguish the Signs of the Causes thus If it come from sharpness of Urine it wil be thin and high colored somtimes like fire or there wil be a visible mixture of Choller Flegm or Matter the Bowels wil be distempered or the Patient hath eaten hot and sharp meats and endured great heat The Stone and Inflamation of those parts are known by their proper Signs As for the Prognostick This Disease of it self is not dangerous but very painful and according to the cause it is somtimes hard to be cured especially in old men which if they be decrepit die thereof and in all ages if it continue long it ulcerateth the neck of the Bladder The Cure is first by taking away the Cause And therefore if it come from the Stone Inflamation or Ulcer you must cure them according to the Rules in their proper Chapters But these things after mentioned wil be good to allay the Symptome They who have it from the sharpness of Urine mixed with hot Humors are to be cured by the Medicines following And first Phlebotomy is good to correct the distemper of the Liver and other parts This must be often according to the Plethory and Inflamation first from the right Arm to evacuate and revel the Matter and after in the lower Veins to derive it from the part affected for which cause Hippocrates and Galen who followed him do command the lower Veins to be opened in Diseases of all parts beneath the Reins Purging also is good of mild and gentle things that cool lest the heat be encreased Therefore do not give any thing but a Bolus of Cassia alone and indeed that is best But you may make it cooler if you add the Pulp of Tamarinds Or you may mix it with the Decoction of Lettice Purslain and Mallow Tops and give it many daies together that the sharp Humors may be brought back from the part by stool But if you desire to purge more by reason of the plenty of Humors use this following Take Lettice Purslain Plantane and Mallow tops of each half a handful Tamarinds half an ounce yellow Myrobalans one dram boyl them to six ounces and add to it strained one ounce of Cassia strain it again and then add one dram and an half of Rhubarb infused in Lettice Water with yellow Sanders Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make a Potion In an old Dysury the purging Opiate prescribed in the Ulcer of the Bladder is very good A gentle Vomit is excellent for it revelleth from that part affected and hinders those inconveniences which use to come by purging Therefore give it once or twice in a week to them that can vomit easily By often Clysters the sharp Humors are not only brought to the Guts and sent out by degrees but the distemper of the parts is qualified They are made thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce Mallows Violets and Lettice of each one handful Water Lillies and clensed Barley of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining Cassia new drawn one ounce one Egg and two ounces of Oyl of Violets Make a Clyster The Mucilages of Seeds of Marsh-mallows Quinces and Foenugreek may be mixed with Clysters to asswage pain But Clysters of Milk only or mixed with the aforesaid things use to be so powerful to allay heat and pain that we have known some of long continuance cured by them alone and a Bath whereof we wil speak hereafter Experience hath found out many things good to be taken at the mouth to allay heat and to correct the distemper of the parts The chief are these following Take of Water Purslain Lettice Roses and Water Lillies of each one ounce Syrup of Violets and Water-lillies of each six drams Sal prunellae one dram Mix them for a Julep repeat it often Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce Lettice Endive Purslain and Mallow tops of each one handful Melone Guord Mallows Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each three drams Jujubes and Sebestens of each six pair Violets Roses and Water-lillies of each one pugil boyl them in a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Violets Jujubes and Poppies of each one ounce and an half Sal prunellae half an ounce make a Julep for four Doses to be taken twice in a day Emulsions also may be used although they be Diuretick because they cool and clense the passage of the Bladder Make them thus Take of the four great cold Seeds and white Poppy Seeds of each three drams sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold Water
Leaves dried three pugils juyce of Plantane a pound the Roots of the larger Comfry being green and braised two ounces the Herb Hors-tail or Shave-grass one handful the pulp Choak-â—ears and Quinces of each two ounces Purslain two handfuls Bole Armonick one ounce Balaustians and the three sorts of Sanders of each half an ounce Let all these be distilled in an Alembick Let Patient take of this Water three ounces mixed with half an ounce of Syrup of Purslain or of dried Roses For the more tender sort of Women Broths may be made of Calves feet with Plantane Leaves or Bloodwort Or to thicken the Blood a Broth may be made of red rose-Rose-Water alone and the Yolks of new laid Eggs. Likewise Conserve of Bramble Roses is good for them being often used especially if their Liver be distempered with heat In all Fluxes of Blood Practitioners do use to administer Water and Vinegar in a large quantity to be drunk down But in this Flux of the Courses it is to be feared as an Enemy to the Womb which is a Menbranous Part. Among the Specifick or appropriated Medicines are reckoned Filipendula Roots with the outer Rind of the Mulberry-tree Root whose Pouders are administred to the quantity of a dram in some convenient Liquor The Flowers of the Nut-trees are gathered when they are ripe and ready to fall and poudered and adram given in a Cup of Wine warmed in the mornings for divers daies together Solenander witnesseth that all are cured with this Medicament Also it hath a peculiar propriety to help fits of the Mother Spicknard in very fine Pouder and taken to a dram in some convenient Liquor stops the Courses Also being conveighed into the Womb in Lint Wool Cotton rude Silk c. Milk in which red hot Steel hath been quenched being drunk many daies together is very effectuâ—lin an old flux of the Courses for it the sharpness of the Humors and thickens them it nourisheth the Body and stops the Flux Avicenna Rhasis and the rest of the Arabian Physitians extol this Medicine to the Skies and so doth Horatius Augenius a noted Italian Phylitian Yet it is not to be used if we suspect the Body is not yet cleer of the vicious Humors The Acid Mineral Springs whether they have their Tincture from Vitriol Iron or Allum Mines do much conduce to the stoppage of immoderate Courses both by removing the Causes and by strengthening the Bowels affected The Chymists do much commend the Tincture of Coral and Vitriolum Martis Vitriolated Steel and many other Medicines which you shall find in their Books Let the Patient use to drink the Decoction of Mastich Yarrow or of the dried Lentisch or Mastich tree Also the Lentisch or Mastich Wood may be steeped in black harsh Wine which doth very much strengthen the Bowels and stop defluxions It must be diligently remembred That in an old Flux very astringent and thickening Medicaments are not to be used long together For it is to be feared lest they should fill straighten and shut up the secret passages of the Body and so breed Obstructions and very much hurt the principal Bowels which are wont to suffer very much in this Disease But it is much better to persist in the use of such things as strengthen the Liver which have some astriction but so moderate as can do no harm Ludovicus Septalius in his Medicinal Animadversions in the 144. Article gives such commendations of the Decoction of Orange Peels as of a Medicine that never fails that it will worth our while to transcribe his very words When such Medicines as these quoth he have been judiciously administred in the next place such Medicines as havea thickening and astringing quality are to be used among which there is one which I cannot omit to set down wherewith I have cured almost an infinite Number of Women troubled with this Infirmity which I kept long as a Secret and afterwards communicated to some yong Students whom I did inform in the Art of practising Physick and now publish the same to the whol World for the good of Man-kind which Medicine hath scarce ever failed me when there was no Vessel of the Womb exulcerated that fed the Flux It is a Medicine easily gotten and easily made thus Take Seven pints of Water boyl therein the rinds of three sowr Orrenges not throughly ripe being cut into little thin bits or chips and boyl them till two parts of the Water be consumed Give eight or nine ounces of the strained Liquor to the Patient in the morning to drink If you would have it more effectual put an handful of Mous-ear into it when it is almost boyled And it will be yet more powerful if you boyl it in Tunbridg water or the like Medicinal Spring water or if you boyl the aforesaid Ingredients in eight pints of water till two third parts be consumed and then strain it and quench red hot Steel divers times therein Externally this flux may be stopped by Medicaments applied to the outward parts of the Patients Body And in the first place Fomentations may be thus made Take the Roots of Bistort Adder-wort Tormentil and the peels of Pomegranates of each one ounce The Leaves of Plantane Knot-grass Shepheards-purse and Hors-tail of each one handful Cypress Nuts Balaustians Myrtle-berries Sumach of each one ounce Boil them in Water that hath had Iron quenched in it and in red harsh Wine mixed together Strain out the liquor and Bath therewith the whole Share and Privy-parts warmish but not hot Also Boil a piece of Sea-sponge in strong Vinegar and lay it upon the Patients Share and Privities and it wil powerfully stop the immoderate Flux of Courses A Bath made of the aforesaid Decoction the Dose Being augmented will be good for the Patient to sit in But care must be taken that it be not hot but only warmish otherwise it wil by it's heat the more open the Veins of the Womb. A Bath made of the Decoction of Allum is very effectual but it causeth barrenness After Fomenting and Bathing the Patient must be anointed upon her Loyns her Share and Privities and between the Water-gate and the Dung-gate which space is called Perinoeum and wants an English name with an Oyntment made as followeth Take Oyl of Mirtles of Mastich and of Quinces of each one ounce Bole-Armoniack Dragons-blood and Carabe of each one drachm Vinegar one spoonful Make all into an Oyntment Vnguentum Comitissa may also be used or Vnguentum de bolo newly made or this following Cerate which is very effectual Take Ship-pitch half anounce Male Frankinsence one ounce Mastich half an ounce Turpentine one ounce Dragons-blood Red Roses of each two drams Make thereof a Cerate to be applied to the Reins of the Back Plaisters are also profitably applied unto the Navil and Loyns made of the Mass of Plaister against Ruptures the Plaister against the Mother and of Mastich Plaister either alone or mingled together Or of the Plaister of Vigo
the womb Head-ach coming from the womb is known because the Patient hath not her Courses right the pain does chiefly trouble her or is most increased at or neer the time of her Courses flowing and her womb is out of order Also we may distinguish whether an Humor or a Vapor cause this pain for if the pain be not great heavy and pressing and come by fits it comes certainly from a Vapor but if the pain be continual joyned with heaviness it shews an Humor contained in the part which if it be Chollerick the pain is biting pricking and acute or sharp if it be Flegmatick it causes sleepiness if Melancholly Sadness Pantings of the Heart and beatings of the Arteries about the short Ribs and Back Diseases of the Stomach Liver and Spleen and divers pains may be conceived to arise from the womb if these other Signs and Symptoms of the womb affected before recited be likewise present As also if by putting sweet smelling things to the water-gate and stinking things to the Nose the Patient do find some kind of ease What concerns the Prognostick or Predictions of this Disease It it is a malady which seldom kiils the Patients but use to stick a long time by them But somtimes they are in danger of death by reason of swooning fits that happen or by some extraordinary Convulsion Likewise if the fits are frequent and hard to be removed it is to be feared lest Respiration being so often hurt the Native heat should be suffocated and the Patient come to die The Womb-paision is worst in which more parts are drawn into consent and that is bad which springs from corrupted Seed or from a long suppression of the monthly Courses In Elderly persons this Disease is hardly curable because of that plenty of Corruption wherewith they are wont to abound In yonger VVomen it commonly ceases when they begin to bring forth Children In VVomen with Child and that lie in Child-bed it is a dangerous Disease in the former for fear of Miscarriage in the latter because of their weakness after Child-bearing For a VVoman troubled with these VVomb-fits to sneeze is good for it signifies strength of Brain and by the motion of sneezing the Malignant Vapors which besiege the Brain are discussed and likewise the vitious Humors contained in the VVomb evacuated A twofold Cure belongs to this Infirmity one in the fit another out of the fit In the fit those vapors which cause it are to be discussed and drawn back from the part affected the Humors contained in the VVomb which send up those Vapors must be voided and the VVomb when it is removed out of its proper place which often happens according to Hippocrates must be restored to the same again First therefore The sick party must be laid upon a bed in such a posture that her Neck and Shoulders lie high and sloaping but her Thighs and Privy parts lie low and shooting downwards for so the VVomb is more easily reduced Then must her lower parts be tied very hard so as to cause pain likewise they must be well rubbed and chased also Cupping-glasses are to be set upon her Hips and a very large Cupping-glass set upon her Share is very profitable But take heed that you do not apply a Cupping-glass upon the Patients Navel which many ignorantly are wont to do for by that means the VVomb is drawn upwards again VVhen Convulsions happen or swooning fits hard rubbings with course cloaths are good upon the soals of the Feet also with Vinegar and Salt it is good likewise to pluck off some Hairs from the Head and Share to cramp the fingers or the Patient whoop aloud in her ears and such like It is also good to lay unto the soals of her Feet this Epispastick or drawing Cataplasm or Pultis Take Leaves of Artemisia Mugwort Feaverfew Rhue of each a handful Sage half a handful Pidgeons dung poudered three ounces Black Soap an ounce and an half Amber Frankinsence Masticb poudered of each a dram and an half Juyce of Rue and Vinegar allayed with Water as much as sufficeth to make all into a Cataplasm At the same time stinking and strong smelling things are to be put unto her Nose as Partridg feathers burnt old Leather burnt and Brimstone fired Jeat or Agate Oyl a Pomander of Assafoetida Castoreum Galbanum Rue moistened with Syrup of Artemisia or with Vinegar Garlands of Rue Tanzy Wormwood But if the VVoman be Epileptick or subject to the Falling-sickness we must abstain from the stronger things before mentioned because the Brain being therewith offended is put into a Commotion by which means the Humors are tumbled suddenly into the Ventricles thereof and the Syptomes are made more grievous The smoak of Tobacco blown into the Mouth and Nostrils of the Patient does quickly free her from the fit Contrarywise sweet smelling things must be put unto the VVomb as some grains of Musk or Civet wrapped in Cotton-wool The following Pouder may be blown up her Nostrils Take white Pepper Mustard seed Pellitory Castoreum of each one scruple make it into a very fine Pouder If the Patient be very much oppressed with her fit let her be provoked to sneeze according to that Aphorism of Hippocrates his 5. Section 35. To a Woman troubled with Womb-fits or hard Labor if she happen to neeze it is good Neezing is many times provoked by the foresaid Pouder and if that alone will not do it a little white Hellebore or Euphorbium may be added Also Oyl of Amber or Agates may be anointed upon her Nostrils But laxative and wind-expelling Clysters do exceed all other Medicaments in discussing such filthy Vapors as cause the fit which may be made after this manner Take Mercury Leaves Pellitory of the wall Mugwort Penyroyal Rue Calaminth of each one handful Caraway seeds Cummin seeds and Bayberries of each two drams Boyl all to a pint and an half In the straining dissolve Hiera Picra and Benedicta laxativa of each six drams Oyl of Rue three ounces Camphire half a scruple Mix all into a Clyster If the first Clyster be not sufficient another must be given of the same or such like Decoction dissolving therein Diaphoenicon ten drams Turpentine dissolved with the white of an Egg one ounce the aforesaid Oyl and half a scruple of Camphire dissolved in Oyl of Water lillies And in a word The Disease continuing a third Clyster must be given meerly Hysterical and discussing but not purging which will be very effectual compounded after this manner Take Oyl of Rue four ounces Aqua vitae one ounce Canary Sack three quarters of a pint Galbanum two drams Mix all and make a Clyster and administer the same after a Laxative Clyster A Clyster of Vinegar tempered with Water does presently asswage the Mother-sit by compressing and coagulating the vapors which cause the same The same does a draught of Vinegar allaied with water being taken in at the mouth Authors do likewise counsel that
be good to give divers daies together made of Sassafras Guajacum with seeds of Fennel Rue and Agnus Castus To the same intent Sulphurous and Bitumenous Baths will be very good such as we have at Baleruca by whose use many are holpen as daily experience shews In this Disease being of long continuance besides the remedies aforesaid it will be good to purg the Patient frequently by usual Pills Syrups or Potions VVhich may be made after this manner Take Troches of Agarick one dram and an half Hiera of Coloquintida one dram Carrot seed Agnus Castus seed of each one scruple mirrh Costoreum Diagrydium of each half a scruple Turpentine as much as shall suffice to make all into a Mass Let her take hereof half a dram or two scruples twice or thrice in a month The following Syrup is mightily extolled by Mercatus as a wonderful Syrup and very prositable for all womb-sick women in his 13. Counsel Take Juice of Herb Mercury and the Cream of Carthamus seeds of each six ounces Scorzonera water seven ounces Sugar as much as shall suffice to make it into a Syrup Add hereunto while it boyls Confection of the Hyacinth stone Confection of Rermes Berries and Pouder of the Electuary de Gemmis that is made of precious Stones of each two drams Let the Dose be two or three ounces Take Briony Roots three drams Senna Leaves half an ounce Agarick two scruples Ginger one scruple Cinnamon one dram Let them steep all night in Fountain water In the straining mix one ounce of syrup of Damask Roses Make hereof a potion to be taken twice or thrice in a month Pilulae foetidae majores that is strong smelling Pils made of Gums taken twice in a month to half a dram are very profitable In such as easily vomit it is good to provok to cast once or twice in a month after this manner Take Agarick cakes troches of Agarick one dram and an half Oxymel one ounce Bawm water and Mugwort water of each three ounces Mix all into a vomiting Potion Chymists give salt of Vitriol in some appropriate water from half a dram to one dram and cry it up for a specifick remedie in womb-fits After all particular evacuations are ended that is after each evacuation some strengtheners are to be administred such as this following Electuary Take Conserve of Rosemary flowers Betony and Bawm of each one ounce and an half Species of the musked Electuary and of Electuary of Calaminth of each half a dram With syrup of Mugwort Make all into an Electuary Treacle by it self is very proper for this occasion which for hotter constitutions may be tempered by the mixture of Conserve of water Lillies Maiden-haire c. But the following pouder is far more effectual which heales old and stubborn womb-fits if it be frequently taken one dram at a time in Wine in a bolus or morsell made up with syrup of Mugwort Take Gentian Roots white Dictamnus tormentill pellitorie Rhaponticum Bistort Aristolochia or Birthwort the rounder Chamelion thistle Bay-berries Angelica Master-wort Coriander seeds prepared annis seed juniper berries Mastich Bole armoniack Terra Sigillata of each two drams and an half Orientall Saffron three ounces and an half Make all into a fine pouder and keep it in a close vessel Neither must we omit such Medicaments which are wont to help these fits by a peculiar property thought to be in them An Example whereof may be this that follows made in Pills because of the ungrateful taste of the Simples Take Assafoetida half a scruple Castoreum Mirrh Galbanum Sagapenum of each one scruple With Honey of Mercury make a Mass of which give the Patient half a scruple or a scruple frequently Platerus makes Pills of extreamly odoriferous Ingredients after this manner Take of Musk six grains Benjamin half a dram Sugar one dram With Cinnamon Water make them into a Mass for Pills The Dose is half a scruple Those Hysterical Waters before set down to be given in the fits may likewise be profitably used out of the fits a spoonful or two in a morning when the Patient is free by way of prevention Mathiolus extreamly commends the Briony Root in these words Briony doth wonderfully help Women subject to strangulations of the Womb so as to free them from their choaking fits and cure them Truly I knew a Woman dayly almost vexed with these fits for a yeer together who being at last taught by an ordinary Herb-man to drink white Wine wherein an ounce of Briony Root had been boyled once in a week when she was going to bed when she had used this Medicine for a yeer together she was perfectly recovered of that Disease The Liver of a Wolf dried and one dram taken may prevent the fits of the Falling-sickness proceeding from the Mother if it be given three or four times after an ordinary Purgation The Chymists do commend Vitriolum Martis that is Vitriolated Steel or chalybeated Vitriol or Salt of Steel whereof they give a grain or two with a double quantity of Sugar many daies together in Wine or other fitting Liquor And the Truth is it may be given to twelve fifteen and twenty grains in some convenient Conserve or it may be made into Pills with Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth Cream of Tartar frequently taken is also very good in the Cure of this Disease These two Medicines do good not only by opening but also by cooling for oftentimes an hot distemper is rooted in the womb of VVomen subject to this Disease arising from Blood retained within its Veins and over-heated as Galen saies in Hypochondriacal Melancholly That there is a burning distemper in the Parts under the short Ribs by reason of blood retained in them by obstructions and there over-heated Those things therefore which have power to cool the Womb are very proper in this case such as are Baths to sit in Vinegar and Water mingled and drunk down or injected and such like Unto which we may add the History related by Dr. Harvey touching the Childing of a woman long afflicted with womb-fits not curable by all that could be done who at length after many yeers was cured by means of the falling out of her womb Because her Womb exposed to the Air was cooled and so its Inflamation and hot distemper was repressed Also the use of Steel it self is much commended by some Practitioners as very convenient for all Infirmities of the VVomb VVhose Preparations look for in our Cure of Obstructions of the Liver Issues made in the Thighs are likewise very good For they derive and turn aside evil Humors from the womb by reason of those Veins which are common to the womb and Thighs Neither are Amulets to be neglected fastened about the Patients Neck and hanging down upon her Navel as we formerly mentioned touching the Elks Claw good in this case Some commend Peucedanum or Hog-fennel root hung in a string about the Neck And our women do with good success wear a piece
Bay-leaves Calaminth Carrot seed Cummin and Caraway Seeds Flowers of Cheiri and Chamomel in Water white Wine or Milk Or the following Cataplasm may be applied Take three or four Onions well boyled in Water beat them in a Morter and put thereto Seeds of Line and Cummin beaten of each one handful As much Chamomel flowers Barley Meal as much as shall suffice to make all into a Pultiss And if need be add a little of the Water wherein the Onions were boyled Spread it upon a Cloth and apply it warm to her Navel It is likewise profitable to apply the Skin of a weather newly flead off while it is warm to her Belly For this kind of warmth is very neer of kin to our Natural heat concocts and mitigates the cause of the pain also it hinders the Skin of the Belly from gathering into wrinkles These following Medicines may be given inwardly Take Carrot Seeds poudered one dram white Wine three ounces Mix them Give it warm twice a day Or Take Nutmeg Annis seed Cinnamon of each one scruple mix them into a Pouder to be taken in white Wine or give one scruple of Oyl of Nutmegs in Broth. Or Take Date and Peach Kernels of each half a dram Nutmegs four scruples Pouder of Diamargaritum Calidum two drams Annis seed one dram Cinnamon two scruples Saffron ten grains Sugar the weight of all the rest Make all into a most fine Pouder whereof give two drams in Wine twice or thrice a day if the pains are much Forestus gave a Decoction of Chamomel flowers in Beer or a Decoction of Mugwort and Chamomel in Puller Broth with good â—ucceâ—s It 's good presently after the is brought to bed to give her the Broth of an old Cock three daies together earâ—y in a morning while she is fasting with a little Cinnamon and Saffron The following Pouder taked presently after the delivery of a woman doth wonderfully preserve her from Gripings insomuch that it is thought If it be given a woman after her first Childing she wil never after in her following Lyings-In be troubled with these Gripes Take the greater Comfry Root dried one dram Peach Kernels and Nutmeg of each two scruples Amber half a dram Amber-greece half a scruple Make all into a Pouder of which let her take one dram in white Wine or if she be Feaverish in Broth. For her ordinary Drink let her use a Decoction of Mugwort with Cinnamon If the Gripings be caused by Chollerick and sharp humors they are cured much after the same manner that the Chollick is cured when it proceeds from Choller As for Example Take Syrup of Vioâ—â—ts and Borrage of each one ounce Mucilage of Quince seeds drawn out with Violet Water half an ounce Water of Borrage and Scorzonera of each three ounces Mix all make thereof a Julep for two Doses Or Take Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Syrup of Violets an ounce Borrage Water half an ounce Mix all for a draught External Medicines must likewise be used such as are laxative and emollient which do likewise by one and the same labor ease pain Oftentimes after they are brought to bed women are pained in their Groyn by reason of their wombs being gathered together like a ball in their Groyn It is cured by applying to their Navel a Plaister of Galbanum and Anafoetida in the midst whereof some grains of Musk must be put Chap. 24. Of Acute Diseases of Women in Child-bed WHat we said before touching the Acute Diseases of women with Child we may now repeat touching the Acute Diseases of women in Child-bed viz. That they have the same Essence and the same Signs with the like Diseases in women which are not with Child and in men So that we shal refer the Reader for the Theory of these Diseases to their proper Chapters Now these Acute Diseases are for the most part continual Feavers both Essential as Synchus putrida a continual Tertian and the rest and also Symptomatical which accompany inward Inflamations as the Pleurisie Inflamation of the Lungs Inflamation of the Liver Phrenzy and such like Yet there is a peculiar sort of Feaver which besals almost al women in Child-bed which is called by them the Feaver of their Milk which is wont to befal them about the third or fourth day after they are brought to bed when their Milk begins to encrease in their Breasts and it ariseth from the reflux of the blood from the womb to the Dugs and the motion and agitation thereof Which kind of Feaver is reckoned among the Diary Feavers of the longest durance neither needs it any Medicines because within three or four daies viz. about the ninth after her delivery it is finished by sweat It is distinguished from putrid Feavers because commonly it seizes the woman about the fourth day after her being delivered and her Dugs begin to be filled with Milk and to be troubled with hardness pain and heat with heat and heaviness in her Back and Shoulders also her Child-bed Purgations slow duly which seldom is seen in putrid Feavers Now putrid Feavers do befal women in Child-bed from three causes viz. Suppression of their Child-bed Purgations or diminishing by the heaping together of bad Humors during the time of their Belly-bearing which were agitated by her Labors or by Errors in their Diet. Some add immoderate flux of the Child-bed Purga ions which is rather a sign of the secret badness of Humors causing the Feaver but cannot be it self any cause thereof In suppression of the Child-bed Purgations the blood and vitious humors which are collected during the whol time of her going with child do flow back again into the greater Veins and there putrefie and somtimes are câ—rrâ—ed to the Liver Spleen and other parts in which they raise Inflamations or if they abide in the Veins of the womb they putrefie and so cause a Feaver in those women which were before in perfect health But if the Child-bed Purgations duly flowing a feaver arise it comes either from superfluity of Choller or from errors in Diet. Evil Humors agitated by the Labors and Pains of Travel do easily inflame and putrefie and stir up a feaver Errors of Diet may happen divers waies And first in point of eating in which women that he In are wont to be very faulty stopping themselves with plenty and variety of Dishes which cannot be by them digested but causeth putrefaction in their Bodies Another error is committed when Childing women do unadvisedly expose themselves unto the cold Air especially while their Milk-feaver is in its vigor which is wont to be terminated by sweating and transpiration which is hindered by heedless admission of the cold Air whence it comes to pass that the Feaver which of it self was void of danger and would in a few daies have ceased is changed into a dangerous putrid Feaver There is yet another frequent Cause of the Feavers of Childing Women viz. When the After-births are not wholly cast forth but some
heat of the Patient should be wholly extinguished And therefore it is only good when an Hectick is feared or in the beginning thereof and to such as are accustomed thereunto and while the Body is yet sufficiently ful of blood Motion of the Body is not good but the Patient must be enjoyned to rest howbeit before Meat if strength wil bear it some light exercise wil be good or instead thereof a few light frictions or rubbings may serve turn especially presently after sleep beginning at the inferior parts of the Body for they provoke the Humors outward And the Patient must be rubbed no longer than til a light redness begin to appear upon the Skin for to rub longer would dry the Body Carnal Embracements must be above al things avoided which do very much consume the substance of the Body Let the Patient sleep neither very long nor very little For long sleep encreaseth the heat of the Bowels by the retiring of the Natural warmth inwards too short sleep dries the body more But there is less inconvenience from sleeping a little over largely than too scantily because sleep doth exceedingly moisten which in this Feaver is very much to be desired Let the Patient sleep in a soft bed and that a Flock-bed not a Feather-bed and large enough Let the Patients Linnen be often changed which must be sprinkled with Rose-Water before they be put on If there be Costiveness the Belly must be provoked with a Suppository or a Clyster of Chicken Broth with Barley Mallows and Violet Leaves boyled in it adding Cassia Honey of Roses Butter and the Yolks of Eggs. Finally The Mind must be preserved in peace and cheerfulness avoiding vehement Perturbations as Anger Sadness Fear As for point of Medicaments fit for Hectick Persons they are Internal or External Among Internal in the first place Purgers must be considered and because addition is more necessary than detraction in this Disease Purgers can hardly be convenient unless a putrid Feaver be joyned with the Hectick Yet if the first Region of the Body seem filled with Excrements because of Crudities arising from a weak Stomach Purgation may safely be used with Cassia Manna or Syrup of Roses Nay verily if strength be not deficient the Infusion of Rhubarb may be given with a Decoction of Prunes Tamarinds Myrobalans Bugloss and Violets But Altering Medicines may be reduced into the form of Juleps Broths and Emulsions after this manner Take Waters of Endive Lettice Sorrel of each four ounces Syrup of Violets Water Lillies Apples of each one ounce Mix all into a Julep for three Doses to be taken at several times in one day and to be continued for divers daies together Or Take Whol Barley one pugil Leaves of Endive Cichory Lettice Pimpernel of each one handful Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Violets and Water-lillies of each one Pugil Damask Prunes three pair Boyl all to a pint and an half In the strained Liquor dissolve simple Syrup of Cichory and of Water-lillies of each two ounces Make of all a Julep for four Doses Of the same Simples with a Chicken or a Pullet may be made a Broth for the same use Or Take Roots of China one dram and an half Entire Barley two pugils the four greater cool Seeds half an ounce Beat all together and therewith fill the Belly of a Capon or yong Pullet and make Broth to which add Sugar of Roses half an ounce Let the Patient take of this broth a long time together It restores flesh and fatness Take sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold Water one ounce the four greater cool Seeds and of white Poppy seeds of each one dram Beat all together in a marble mortar powring on by little and little a pint of barley Water In the strained Liquor dissolve Sugar Cakes made 〈◊〉 Pearl four ounces Make hereof an Almond Milk for three Doses If we be minded more powerfully to cool we must add to every Dose of the Julep or Emulâ—â—â—â— two scruples or one dram of Sal prunella In the use of Refrigerating things this is to be observed That we use not the more 〈…〉 of a sudden or frequently for they might extinguish a weak heat But it is better to 〈…〉 and little than suddenly And Moisteners are alwaies safer than Coolers because they exercâ—â—◠〈◊〉 Operations slowly While the foresaid Remedies are using we must be careful to strengthen the Bowels by a câ—â—â—â—nient Opiate which may be made after this manner Take Conserve of the flowers of Borrage Bugloss and Violets of each one ounce Conserve of the flowers of Water-lilly half an ounce Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum four scruples Shavings of Ivory Bones found in hearts of Stags of each half a dram Pearls prepared and Coral prepared of each one scruple three Leaves of Beaten Gold With Syrup of Apples make of all an Electuary In extream consumption of the Flesh nourishing Clysters are frequently to be injected of the Broth of a Chicken or Weathers Head with Sugar and the Yolks of Eggs. But their Quantity must be smal or else compressing the Guts they wil provoke the Expulsive Faculty to drive them out But among other Medicines most convenient for Hectical Persons Milk is a principal one it being endued with all the qualities which can desired in this Disease namely of cooling and mostening it nourisheth much and is easily distributed into all parts of the Body In the use whereof the same Cautions must be observed which were set down in the Cure of a Consumption Among External Remedies a Bath of fresh Water is principal for it powerfully cools and moistens and relaxeth the external Parts that they may more readily receive Nourishment Among the Ancients the use of Baths was most frequent and there were four parts of the bathing place In the first somwhat warm they put off their Cloaths In the second there was a bathing Vessel of hot Water In the third a bathing Vessel of cold Water In the fourth the Sweatiness and Moisture was dried off Galen in 10. Meth. Chap. 19. doth thus moderate the use of these parts of the Bath That the Patients should be brought into the first part of the Bath which was heated with the vapor of the bath that the pores of their bodies might be opened then being anointed with fresh sweet Oyl they were to be plunged in the hot Water to moisten their bodies and then they were of a sudden to be thrown into the cold Water quickly to be taken out again and to be dried and anointed with Oyl that the pores being closed the moisture may be received from the hot bath might be retained But inasmuch as the Industrious Diligence of the Ancients in the use of bathing is long since out of use and our Practitioners have likewise left this Method of bathing Hectical persons which they judg unsafe seeing it is to be feared lest by the sudden receiving of the cold Water the Patients Body should be hurt and
Blood come away blood ought to be again taken from the same Vein that putrid blood residing in the innermost parts of the Body may the sooner be drawn forth But if at first corrupt blood be taken away blood is next time to be taken out of the other Arm and afterwards out of the former again and so in course as oft as need shal require But if the Symptomes declare that the Putrefaction is in the inner branch of the Vena Cava descendent as heat and pain in the Loyns redness and thickness of the Urine after two or three Blood-lettings in the Arms it wil be convenient to draw Blood out of the Vena Saphena two or three several times If in the latter Blood-lettings some part of the Blood seem laudable and not so putrid as before it 's a sign that Nature doth repair and restore new good blood instead of the corrupt blood which hath been taken away Contrarily If the more is taken away the worse it comes it s a sign the Disease grows worse and that Putrefaction is encreased whence there is reason to fear a stupefaction of the Internal Parts The Vein in the bending of the Arm or the Basilica of the Mediana is for the most part to be opened in the right Arm most commonly somtimes in the left viz. when more distention is felt under the short Ribs on the left than on the right side Yet somtimes a Vein is profitably opened in the Foot if Revulsion be necessary and the Patient weak the Matter of the Disease being in the Head and the sick person molested with Head-ach and want of rest Frictions are seldom used in putrid Feavers unless it be in the Swooning Feavers the Cure of which we shall set down in the Cure of the Symptomes of Putrid Feavers towards the end of the next Chapter But Cupping-Glasses are more frequently used as being the Substitutes of Blood-letting in whose stead they serve when Weakness or Age of the Patient will not permit a Vein to be opened Medicinal Remedies are comprehended under a double kind whereof some are Evacuative others Alterative Under the Evacuative we comprehend Purgatives Vomitories Sudoroficks and Diureticks Under the Alterative we comprehend Coolers Attenuaters Cutters Openers and Strengtheners Of all which we shal set down the Composition and use in order according to the usual Method of Practice And that we may begin with Purgatives it s a great Question among Authors Whether or no they ought to be used in the beginning of Feavers Which Controversie omitting all Circumlocutions is thus determined In respect of the Matter immediately producing a continual putrid Feaver which is contained in the greater Veins Purgation is not convenient in the beginning unless the said Matter do heave and work being so stirred by Nature provoked by the ill quality thereof and endeavoring to expel it that thereby it becomes more disposed for expulsion and there be danger by the foresaid working thereof lest it rush into some noble part howbeit this seldom happening for the most part the Concoction thereof is to be expected before we undertake to evacuate the same by Purging Medicines But in respect of the Matter contained in the first Region if it be very much and do encrease the Feaver oppress Nature and divert her from concocting of that which is in the Veins Purgatives may be given the next day after Blood-letting but they must be gentle such as evacuate only the first Region Now that naughty Humors and Excrementitious do abound in the first Region that is to say in the Stomach Guts Mesentery or about the Midrif may be known by Stomach-sickness Bitterness of the Mouth Thirst Pain of the Stomach or some other part contained in the lower Belly Loosness of the belly and other Symptomes in regard of which Purgation is somtimes to be practised before Blood-letting Now the Medicines for this intent must be Cassia Manna Tamarinds Catholicum Electuarium lenitivum Diaprunum simplex Syrupus Rosaceus de Cichorio cum Rhabarbaro which may divers waies be compounded after this manner Take Cassia newly drawn one ounce Tamarinds half an ounce With Sugar make it into a Bolus Or Take Catholicum six drams Elect. lenitive or Diaprunes simple half an ounce Cream of Tartar one dram Make all into a Bolus Or Take Leaves of Endive Cichory Sorrel of each half a handful Tamarinds half an ounce Boyl all to three ounces In the strained Liquor dissolve Catholicum half an ounce Manna and Syrup of Roses of each an ounce Mix all into a Potion If you desire your Medicine a little stronger you may ad a dram or four scruples of Rhubarb infused in Endive or Cichory Water with yellow Sanders Yea and somtimes if the Feaver be not very strong two or three drams of Senna may be added to the Decoction Some reject Rhubarb because it heats also Manna and Syrup of Roses because being sweet they are soon turned into Choller But with cooling Waters or Decoctions Rhubarb being infused or Manna and such like dissolved can do no hurt especially if to the said Decoctions Tamarinds be added which are much commended to this intent or if the Pulp thereof be given dissolved in the Potion Some in Chollerick Feavers do use the Whey of Goats Milk and that very pertinently for it tempers the heat of the Feaver evacuates Choller and strengthens the Bowels In a Cup of Whey they steep all night one dram or one dram and an half of Rhubarb or they add two or three ounces of Syrup of Roses and so give it in the morning and afterward they give the Patient a quart of Whey more to drink that all the Whey may not be infected with the tast of the Medicament That kind of Purgation which is practised in the beginning of putrid Feavers the Vulgar Physitians call Minorative purgation and that which is practised when the morbifick matter is concocted they call eradicative purgation which is also convenient in the beginning as was said in the Judgment of Hippocrates if the matter be turgent Now this same turgescence and boyling as it were of the matter is known hereby because the Patient perceives in divers Parts light Pains which soon go away and shift suddenly from place to place and hath divers collours of the Face and other Parts so that somtimes there is a redness and then again a paleness in some Part of the Face And in a word the Patient is exceedingly tormented with anxiety and unquietness continually tumbling and tossing Howbeit that Rule of Hippocrates touching the use of Purgation when the morbifick matter doth ferment and work in the Patients body is not observed in ordinary Practice but when the Humors appear in their fermentation and Motion we do more safely apply our selves to Blood-letting and by that means we do more readily present the rushing of the stirred Humors into any noble Part which being agitated by the Purgation may more easily flow into the said Parts Somtime
yet so that such as respect the most predominant Humor be put in the greatest Quantity For the more nice and dainty soft of Patients Medicinal broaths are prescribed instead of Juleps and also that the sick may not grow weary of the same kind of Medicine too long used and these broths are made of such of the Roots and Herbs aforesaid as are most pleasant to the tast with a chick or part of an Hen of Capon unto which somtimes may be added one dram of Sal Prunella or some drops of spirit of Vitriol when we would have it more cooling than ordinary Howbeit in slow and long lasting Feavers caused by rebellious obstructions hard to be cleared Germander though bitter and Cichory Endive and Dandelyon though bitter may be boyled in Broaths and Montanus in his Counsels doth cry up Cichory and Germander boyled in Broaths as an admirable Remedy for such as have a long Feaver with obstructions In Feavers from flegm a Decoction of Chamomel is excellent Zacutus Lusitanus Observat 26. in the third Book of his Praxis admiranda Also emulsions or Almond-Milks are very good in putrid Feavers and are commonly more pleasing than Juleps They are most in use when the Feaver is Joyned with a dry distemper of the Bowels or a thin Catarrh or an Inflamation of the Lungs and Parts serving to breath withal or for variety least the Patient should be over tired with continual use of Juleps Now the Composition of these emulsions hath been described in the foregoing cures Cold Water given in great Quantity in continual putrid Feavers was wont to be in use among the antients and is commended by very many latter Physitians But as we said the use here of was dangerous in the simple Synochus so in this Case we think the discreet Physitian shal do best to for bear the same for the reasons we delivered in our Chapter of the simple Synochus Yet will it be somtimes good in extream heat of a Feaver to give a good draught of cold Water to ten or twelve ounces with a few drops of Spirit of Vitriol For hereby somtimes the same effects are wrought which Galen attributes to cold Water being drunk the quantity of three or four pints at a time When as notwithstanding there are none of those dangers to be feared which Galen himself confesseth did somtimes happen upon the preposterous drinking down of so great a quantity of cold Water as he adviseth For the Spirit of Vitriol causeth that the Water breeds no Obstructions but rather opens the same quickly piercing and passing through the Bowels not biding in the Hypochondria's as plain and single cold Water is wont to do but is very like the acid Mineral Fountains and Wells which though they are drunk in great quantity do not lie heavy in the parts about the short Ribs but are quickly pissed forth and very good against Obstructions To strengthen Nature which in every violent Feaver is much dejected Electuaries are good and strengthening Conserves and Preserves compounded of Conserve of Roots of Bugloss Leaves of Sorrel Wood-sorrel Stalks of Lettice Flowers of Bugloss Borrage Violet Cichory and Roses Pulp of Citrons Whereunto are added the Pouders of Coral Pearls Ivory Harts-horn Diamargaritum frigidum Diatriasantalon Diarrhodon Abbatis Confectio Alkermes de Hyacintho which are commonly after this manner compounded Take Conserve of Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Roses of each an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram and an half Pouder of Diamargaritum frigidum Ivory Coral prepared and Pearls prepared of each ten grains Sugar of Roses the weight of all the rest three Leaves of beaten Gold Make of all an Electuary covered over with Gold of which let the Patients take often by it self out of a spoon drinking a little of their ordinary Drink after it or mingle sâ—me of it with their ordinary Drink and with their Broths Take Conserve of Cichory Sorrel Lettice and of the sharp Pulp of a Citron of each half an ounce Pouder of yellow Sanders and of Pearls prepared of each one scruple Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple With Syrup of Violets make all into an Electuary Take Conserve of the Flowers of Bugloss Roses and Violets of each one ounce Waters of Endive Sorrel and Borrage of each three ounces Mix them together let them stand over the warm Embers and heat then strain the Liquor through a searse then add Confectio Alkermes two drams Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum half a dram Coral prepared Pearls prepared and Shavings of Ivory of each one scruple Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegranates of each three ounces Mix all give one spoonful at a time For the more dainty and nice sort of People in great debility of Natural strength this following Julep very pleasant to the tast may be compounded Take Waters of Sorrel Orange flower and Roses of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegranates of each one ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram mix them Let the Patient take hereof frequently in a spoon Altering Medicines having been used for some daies together and such as prepare bad Humors when the Feaver begins to decline we must set our selves to purge out the said Humors when the signs of Concoction do appear avoiding the Critical daies And this must be done with Medicines a little stronger than those which were given at the beginning of which sort are Senna Rhubarb Agarick Catholicum duplex and such like whose Matter and Dose must by the skilful Physitian be accommodated to the Humors offending and the Nature of the Patient And some Physitians are so bold as to proceed to Scammoniate Medicaments as Diaprunum solutivum Diaphoenicon Electuarium de succo Rosarum Diacarthamum Which notwithstanding are very seldom to be used in continual Feavers because Scammony is wont very much to inflame the Humors and to cause vehement thirst and that especially in burning Feavers in which Scammoniate Medicaments are very hurtful Yea verily and Rhubarb it self although a gentle and most excellent Medicament is by some suspected as not safe in very Chollerick Feavers because of its notable heating and drying faculty Howbeit the hurtful faculty thereof may in great part be corrected by infusing the same in Cooling Waters and by mingling therewith a Decoction of Tamarinds and cooling Herbs and by adding thereto Cassia Syrup of Roses Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb and such like If the Feaver do stil continue Purgation must be ever and anon repeated using between whiles preparatives digestives til the whol seminary of evil humors be taken away For otherwise if we cease Purging before the Feaver be perferctly abated and gone the Patient wil be in danger of a Relapse Yet this Rule needs some restriction For if after many Purgations a lingring feaver continues which doth by little and little pine the Patients and seem to cast them into a Consumption it will be the best course to leave Purging and seek to conquer the Feaver only
Violent that moderate drinking cannot asswage it and to drink over much doth much hurt and oft times endangers the Patients Life we must by other means deceive and asswage the same First therefore let the Patients draw in the cold Air and abide in Silence not speaking a word let them keep their mouths close and breath through their Nostrils and give themselves to sleep Let them wash their mouths with Barley Water Blood-warm or with Water wherein hath been boyled Jujubees Sebestens Prunes Lettice Purslain and such like Let them hold in their Mouths a peice of Liquoris Scraped and steeped in Vineger and Water or let them wash their Mouths with Barley Water either simple or with a little Vineger in it or a little Juyce of Lemons Pomegranats or a little spirit of Vitriol Or let them hold in their mouths the Kernels of Pomegranats or a Slice of a Citron or a Lemmon or an Orange Steeped in Rose-Water with Sugar or Stalks of Lettice Endive or Purslain Leaves of Sorrel Bits of a Gourd Cowcumber or Melon first Steeped in cold Water Or Acid Cherries or red Currence or Res-berries or Tamarinds or a peice of Chrystal or the Stones of sharp Prunes upon which a little of the Pap Hangs and such like Also Sugar Dissolved in Rose-Water with a little spirit of Vitriol and dried again is very good to quench thirst If thirst cannot be taken away with these lighter things they must be permitted to drink not in the beginnings of the Exacerbations or fits nor in the Augment but very spareingly but in the Vigor and especially when it is towards declining for then large allowance of drink doth carry the heat outwards and somtimes moves sweat especially in the fits of Agues in the declination of which it is many times good for the Patient to drink unto satiety Several Materials convenient to make Drinks in these kind of Feavers are set down in the foregoing Chapter But if thirst be caused by a Chollerick Humor contained in the Stomach the said Humor must be voided by Vomit or Stool Vomit may be procured if the Patient be Stomach-sick with an ounce and an half of Syrup of Vinegar Simple with five ounces of Barley Water or of the Decoction of Rhadishes If that will not do purge the Patient with a Bolus of one ounce of the pulp of Cassia and three drams of the pulp of Tamarinds or with two ounces of Manna dissolved in a Decoction of Prunes or Tamarinds or the following Potion may be given Take Cassia new drawn six drams Mucilage of the seeds of Flea-bane half an ounce the Decoction of Barley Prunes and Tamarinds four ounces Syrup of Roses one ounce Mix all into a Potion The Heat Dryness and Roughness of the Tongue and Throat is cured by divers Remedies apapplied to those parts and contained in the mouth compounded after this manner Take of the Mucilage of Quince seeds one ounce the seeds of Mallows half an ounce Pouder of Diatragacanthum frigidum and Sugar Candy of each one dram white Sugar as much as shall suffice Make of all a Lohoch Or Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds or Quince seeds extracted with Rose Water or Lettice Water half an ounce Syrup of Violets Lemmons or Pomegranates an ounce and an half mix them Let the Patients take now and then a little and bold it in their mouths Or Take Cucumer seeds half an ounce Quince seeds two drams Gum Tragacanth one dram and an half Beat the seeds and dissolve the Gums in the white of an Egg. Mix all and make thereof little Cakes for the Patients to hold in their mouths Or Take Seeds of Fleabane and of Quinces of each one dram and an half Gum Tragacanth half a dram Sugar Candy three drams With Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make all into little Cakes Or with a thin Rag make Nodules which shall be steeped in Rose Water and held in the Patients Mouth If the roughness be very hard to remove make a Gargarism of the Decoction of Barley Roots of Marsh-mallows Leaves of Lettice Purslain Violet flowers adding thereto Honey of Roses Syrup of Violets or Sugar Candy or Oxymel simple and such like If filth cleaves to the Tongue as it most times happens it must be oftentimes wiped with a rough Cloth dipped in a mixture of Water and Vinegar Whereunto also somtimes may be added the Juyce of Housleek and Sal prunella If the Heat be more vehement with great blackness of the Tongue more refrigerating Medicines must be mixt with the moistening ones after this manner Take Juyce of Lettice Housleek and Lemmons of each an ounce Mucilage of Quince seeds and Sugar Candy of each half an ounce white Sugar as much as shall suffice Make all into a Lohoch Or Take Green Housleek one handful Vinegar of Roses three ounces Barley Water one pint Boyl all till the third part be wasted away In the strained Liquor dissolve of Sal prunella one dram and an half Allum a scruple Syrup of Violets and Mulberries of each one ounce Make of all a Gargarism Or Sal prunella alone may be dissolved in Housleek Water and the Tongue and Throat washed therewith which is very good also some Portion thereof may be swallowed to cool the mouth of the Stomach when it is likewise inflamed Also outwardly let the Neck and Throat be anointed with Oyl of Violets and fresh butter washed in Rose Water with which the Throat being as it were scorched and parched may be moistened For Cooling the Oyntment of Roses and Galens cooling Oyntment may be used with others of like Nature But the Leaves of Lettice and Purslain being bruised and enclosed between two Linnen Cloths and so applied to the Neck and Throat are much more effectual Also those kind of Bugs which we call Sows may be bruised and laid on in the same manner In great Heat of the Breast such as is wont to happen in Feavers the whol Breast must be anointed with Oyl of Violets Water-lillies and of sweet Almonds Yea and if the Heat be very vehement Fomentations ought to be applied to the said part made of a Decoction of French barley Lettice Water-Lillies Borrage Violets and such like after which irrigations ought to be used of the Oyls aforesaid Seeing that according to the Prescript of Galen and Avicenna in such like Feavers great care is to be had of the breast as of the Furnace of Heat Now these kind of Remedies according to the Rule of Trallianus are seldom to be cold because they drive the Heat inward nor luke-warm because they relax but such things ought to be applied to the breast as are actually hot and potentially cold Pain in the Loyns is caused in Feavers by hot and plentiful blood boyling and working in the Vena Cava and it must be eased by Emollient Clysters and Cooling and Emulsions made of the Cold Seeds adding Sal Prunella and by anointing the Loyns with Galens Cooling Oyntment with Juyce of the
Parts In the fit the Sick-party must be rowzed by pulling the Nose Rubbing the Eares plucking off of Hairs Loud calling c. Also sweet Smelling things must be Applied to the Mouth and Nostrils as Cinnamon and Orange flower Water Vinegar wherein Cloves have been steeped inside of a white Loaf dipt in Hippocras alone or Cinnamon Water or the following cordial Water Take Waters of Bawm Rose-Mary and Orange flowers of each one ounce Cinnamon Water half an Ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram Syrup of preserved Citron Peels and of Gilly-flowers of each one ounce Mix all into a potion or Julep which the Patient must often take of by a Spoonful at a time Also Electuaries may be made after this manner Take Conserve of flowers of Bugloss Rosemary and of Citron Peels preserved of each half an ounce preserved Nutmeg three drams Consectio Alkermes two drams Species of Diambra and Diamoschum dulce of each one scruple With the Syrup of preserved Citron Peels make all into an Electuary Unto the Heart Epithems may be applied and young Pidgeons to the stomach and Stones Fomentations may be applied and other things administred which have been propounded in case of decay of strength While these things are in doing frictions must ever and anon repeated which must in this Disease never be omitted When the Patient hath a little gathered strength the Morbifick Matter is to be drawn out by Clysters and Purgations in which Hiera cum Agarico in regard of the stomach is very profitable which ought to be gentle and frequent yet so as fitting Preparatives be administred between Purge and Purge Want of Appetite is common in a Manner to al Feavers for when the stomach is inflamed thirst is encreased but Appetite of eating diminished Yet somtimes Appetite is so dejected that the Patients can hardly sup a little broath Which Loathing of Meat is caused by Vicious Humors collected in the stomach or soaked into the coats thereof or of corrupt and Malignant Vapors which infest the stomach It ought to be Cured by Evacuation of the Morbifick Matter by Vomit or Stool and first with an infusion of Rhubarb and Tamarinds But in the declination if the Feaver be not strong with Hiera Picra dissolved in a Decoction of Barley Vetches Wormwood and other detergent things Afterwards we must use Clysters which occasionally do revel from the stomach Also acid and refrigerating things are frequently to be given as Syrup of lemmons Pomegranats some Cherries c. given alone or with cold Water In the declination or when the Feaver ceases Syrup of Roman Wormwood may pofitably be given either alone or mixed with acid Juyces or Syrups Let Meats that are grateful be presented to the sick For as Hippocrates teaches in Aphor. 38. Sect. 2. The Pleasanter Meat and drink though somwhat the Worse is to be preferred before that which is bitter and not so pleasant Also let them eat but little and seldom for much and frequent eating causes Want of Appetite even in those which are wel And let their Meats be sauced provided they have no cough with Juyce of unripe Grapes Vinegar of Roses and Juyce of Lemmons If the sick do so abhorer al Meats that they can take nothing at al let them have nourishing Clysters given them twice or thrice in a day the excrements being first avoided by a clensing Clyster When the Feaver is wholly allaied and gone if want of Appetite do remain let the sick person Moderately excercise and use Capers Saxifrage Olives let him change place and go into a colder Air. And finally if these helps suffice not let the Patient use Wormwood Wine and pils of Hiera Picra which do powerfully clense away such Humors as are fast sticking in the Coats of the stomach Hiccupings and Vomitings which betide persons in Feavers are opposed by divers Medicaments the materials whereof are to be sought for in our cures of those Infirmities of Vomiting Hiconping to be Judicially accomodated to such persons as in Feavers are troubled with those Symptomes But special care is to be taken that a critical Vomiting be by no Means stopped Hiccoughing somtimes proceeds from immoderate use of refrigerating things as Lemnius witnesses whose words Schenkius doth thus relate Hiccoughing in Feavers doth somtimes follow over abundant use of Refrigerating Juleps and I have seen many so affected by the unadvised Rashness of Physitians which Symptom contrary to the expectation of all Men I Cured by giving the Patient Wine to drink A Loosness befalling one that hath a putrid Feaver if it be critical that is proceeding from the Conquest of Nature over the Morbifick Matter and tending to expel the whol or Part thereof it must not be stopped neither must a Symptomatick Loosness be presently stopped at the very first if it do not very much weaken the Patient least the Vitious Humor do flow back again to some principal Parts When it is seasonable to stop it it must be done with a gentle astringent Purge with clensing and Corroborating Clysters by Medicines taken in and outwardly Applied which do thicken strengthen and bind All which may be taken out of our Cure of a Diarrhoea or Loosness beginning with the gentler and proceeding if need be to the more strong by Degrees Sweats if they be not Critical that is caused by Nature expelling the Humor offensive but Symptomatical that is caused by the vehemency of that Disease dissolving the Body and hunting the Humors through the Skin and doth very much weaken the Patient they must be suppressed by cooling the Air with sprinkling cold Water and the leaves of the Willow and Vine-tree upon the pavement and if need be by opening the Windows the Body being cooled and ayred by little and little the Cloths being light upon the Patient and a Flock-bed being put instead of a Fether-bed also by often sprinkling the Patients Face with Water and Vinegar mingled together and finally by the use of cooling Astringent Medicaments such as are cooling Epithemes applyed to the Heart Liver and whol Belly and often changed Oyntments made of Oyl of Roses of Mirtles of Mucilages and Astringent Pouders are to be anointed upon the whol Body but especially upon the back-bone Pouders of Roses Balaustians Pomegranate rinds Myrtle Mastich Terra Samia c Must be sprinkled upon the Neck Throat under the Arm-pits and in the Groins Or let the Patient be wrapped in a Linnen Cloth sprinkled with a mixture of Vinegar and Water and the aforesaid pouders strewed thereon being in the mean time careful that no Inflamation or Tumor be in the parts about the short Ribs for then we must abstain from Astringent things at least such as are strong The Sweat must not be wiped off but suffered to dry about the Pores of the Skin so to stop them that more may not follow Also we must give in at the Mouth Medicaments that thicken and strengthen as Barley Water boiled with Lettice and cooling Seeds
juyce of Scordium juyce of sorrel of Goates Rue of scabious and Carduus of each one pint Shavings of Harts-Horn four Ounces Old Venice Treacle six ounces Let the rinds of the Lemmons be cutt into thin chips let the seeds be beaten and such herbs as have little juyce let them in the beating be moistened with the juice of Lemmons and let al be distilled in balneo Mariae Of the water give one ounce by it self or mixed with other Liquors The hotter sort of Treacle waters are made with white Wine or with spirit of wine which must be warilly given and in lesser quantity yet they pierc more than the other and move sweat and are cheifly used in the true Pestilence Howbeit in some Cases they may by the prudent Physitian be used Among the many Descriptions of such Treacle waters I wil propound in this place two of the most excellent Take roots of Angelica White-Thistle Gentian Tormentil Zedoary Harts-Horn of each one ounce of the three sanders of each half an ounce Treacle three ounces Camphire a scruple beat al and steep them three daies together in two Pints of strong white-wine in a warm place Then distil Them in Balneo Mariae and keep the water for use the dose is from two drams to half an ounce in refrigerating Juleps adding spirit of vitriol to correct the Inflamation thereof Take Spirit of Wine very wel rectified one pint and an half old Treacle eight ounces Elect Mirrh four ounces Oriental Saffron one ounce Camphire half an ounce Infuse al for twenty four hours in Balneo Mariae afterward stil them in the same Bath and you shal have a very effectual water The Chymists do exceedingly cry up their Bezoardica Mineralia because they are Sudorofick or Diaphoretick at least and yet do not at al heat which they endeavor to prove by their having no taste in which regard they are easily taken even by the most nice Patients that loath unpleasant medicaments They also commend their Medicine which is called by them Mixtura Simplex or Mixtura Spiritalis made of Treacle Water Camphorated spirit of Vitriol and of Tartar and they mingle a dram hereof in Juleps and antidotary Potions A Physitian that undertakes the Cure of malignant Feavers ought to have divers Antidotes in a readynes and to change them ever and anon least nature be too much accustomed to one and the same and slight the virtue thereof Also the nature of the venemous quality is not alwayes one and the same but very divers according to the diversity of the patients bodies So that what hath helpt one wil do another no good so that when he hath for some time used one antidote he must try another and another While the foresaid diaphoreticks are using if we have a Mind at any time to help their Operation that they may more powerfully bring out the poison into the surface of the Body some external helpes may be used viz. Cupping-glasses both dry and with scarification many and often set on and Vesicatories of which we spok before which are most convenient in the state of the disease and at what time Sudorofick Medicines are given as also Oyl of Scorpions of Matthiolus which is much commended by al Practitioners for it calls forth the poyson residing in the profound parts of the body unto the external parts And therefore the Emunctories of the body as the Groines and Arm-pits with the Pulses of the Templs Hands and Feet ought frequently to be anointed with this oyl warm viz. thrice or four times in a day or else every third hour Where this Oyl is not to be had a Liniment may be made of Treacle dissolved in Juyce of Lemmons adding a little saffron and Camphire If at any time Nature being oppressed with the malignity of the Poyson and overcome and seem not to act but as it were to submit her self with hands bound to the mercy of the humor The strongest diaphoreticks are then to be given in a large dose that the daunted mettle of the heart may be as it were spurred up And then the strongest sorts of Treacle waters and Bezoardicks which have greatest force to penetrate must be used and the addition of Camphire wil much help their penetration and outwardly at such a time this following fomentation wil wonderfully assist the operation of such things as are taken in and wil help to drive out the malignant vapors For by this Method many have bin reduced from the Gates of Death Take roots of Angelica and Gentian of each two ounces Leaves of Bawm Origanum Scordium of each two handfuls Seeds of Carduus benedictus one ounce Flowers of Chamomel Mullien Melilot St. Johns wort Centaurie the less Staechados Rosemary Marygold of each two pugills Make a decoction of all in water adding towards the end a little white-wine wherewith foment the feet Groins Armepits and sides warm with sponges If drynes of the tongue thirst and other signes do shew that the Feaver doth prevail as much as the malignant quality we must abstain from the fomentation and instead thereof let a Hen cut down through the Back or the Lungs or Caul of a Wether new killed be applied to the patients Belly In the whole Course of the Care the greatest Cure of al must be to preserve the patients strength which is much dejected by the Venemous quality It is best kept up first by Convenient broths made with a Capon unto which when necessity urges may be added the distilled broaths of flesh and especially the Aqua Caponis which is made in Balneo Mariae per Descensum as the common manner is now to make it Consection of Hyacinths given in broaths doth repaire the strength and doth oppugn the malignant quality In the same broaths Gelly of harts-horn doth satisfie both Endications If the strength of the Patient be very much decaied we may make bold with Confectio Alkermes provided the Heat of the Feaver be not very violent And finally wine is the most cordial thing in the world of the use whereof in this disease I spake before treating of the Patients Diet. The only smel of wine doth much refresh the Patients strength and much more a toast dipped in Canary and Rosewater and so held to the Nose And in this Case also Confectio Alkermes and de Hyacintho are wont to be put into alexipharmical Potions Or in extream dejection of strength Potions merely cordial may be thus made Take Orenge-flower water and rose-Rosewater of each one ounce and an half Confectio Alkermes one dram Syrup of Apples one ounce Juyce of Lemmons three drams Make all into a potion If the Feaver be not intense Cinnamon water may be given to the quantity of one dram or three drams and sometimes Amber Griese may be added to the quantity of five Granes or Seven Neither in extream Weaknes of the Patients must we so much fear those hot cordials that we should resuse to save the patient from present death
bin used a day or two we must come to derivers among which is reckoned a vesicatory applied to the Neck of which before whereunto must be added blood-letting from the forehead vein to the quantity of five or six ounces which is very successful provided blood was before sufficiently taken from the veins of the Arm. Also horseleeches may be fastened behind the Eares which is a good remedy but less effectual than the former because by leeches the thinner part only of the blood is drawn away whereas by the forehead vein sometimes in a phrensie more corrupt blood is drawn away whereas by the Arm. At length in the state of a Phrensie or at the beginning of the declination resolvers are to be applied especially liveing Creatures and their Parts as the Lunges of a wether which is better than young prdgeons or whelpes because it doth safely encompass the whol Head Now these Animals do partly resove evil humors contained in the brain and partly ripen and digest them that Nature may afterward more easily expel them Some do unadvisedly apply them in the beginning of a phrensie because by encreasing the Heat they encrease the Flux of Humors to the Brain and encrease the Raving In the Inflamation Dryness and Blackness of the Tongue Remedies propounded in the aforesaid place are convenient especially such as are composed of Water or the Juyce of Housleek and Sal prunellae Whereunto this following of Mindereus may be added because Experience hath taught that it is very effectual Take fresh butter washed in Rose-water two ounces Sal prunelloe half a dram Mix them and keep the mixture in cold Water Give the quantity of an Hastifer or bean oftentimes in a day and let the Patients hold it as long in their Mouths as they can possibly It is a sign that the Cure goes wel forward if the black Sootiness go away and the dry chopped Tongue begin to grow moist and pselings come away and the dry chopped Tongue begin to grow cough up the peelings of their Throats But then their palate is pained and that very thin Skin where with it is covered can hardly bear any thing in regard of its tenderness but it s offended with every light tartness and the least Acrimony imaginable because the former Inflamation having left it in divers parts Flaid it must be covered with new Skin and so it requires to be perfectly cooled and healed To this purpose the following Gelly wil be most convenient Take Seeds of Flea-bane and Quinces of each one dram and an half Gum Tragacanth one dram With Water of Roses draw out a liquid Mucilage whereunto ad the like quantity of Syrup of Violets Make it in manner of a Gelly of which let the patients take often in a Spoon and hold it long in their Mouth Warm Milk does mitigate the pain Caused by Gargarismes tempers the Inflamation moistens the Tongue and Throat and attracts the Venom to it These following Pills may conveniently be used Take Seeds of Cucumbers picked and bruised one ounce White of an Egg as much as shall susfice Make Pills which let the Patients often hold in their mouths Or Take Seeds of Gourds and Melones clensed and of white Poppy of each one dram Liquoris and Gum Tragaganth of each one dram and an half Beat all to pouder and with the Mucilage of Quince Seeds drawn with Rose-water make Pills to be held in the mouth And because this Inflamation Dryness and Blackness of the Tongue proceeds from the burning that is within Juleps very Refrigerating are good to cool the same unto which may be added Sal prunellae and Spirit of Vitriol Also they may be mingled with the Patients ordinary drink The Cure of extremity of Thirst was sufficiently propounded in the aforesaid place But in a malignant Feaver it will be happily extinguished with these two Medicines newly commended viz. with Sal Prunellae and Spirit of Vitriol taken in Juleps and in the ordinary drink of the Patient Want of Appetite Stomach-sickness Vomiting and Hiccuping must be cured according to the Method delivered in the aforesaid Chapter Yet we shall ad one thing touching vomiting that it doth somtimes so vex those that have malignant Feavers that they presently vomit what ever they take and though they have Thirst with Dryness and Blackness of Tongue yet can they bear no kind of Liquor or drink but vomit all their Juleps Emulsions Ptisans and their smal Beer presently after they have drunk them This most grievous Symptom is suddenly cured as it were by a miracle with a dram of Salt of Wormwood given in a spoonful of fresh Juyce of Lemmons as I have learnt by Experience A Loosness is very frequent in this Disease and herein the wisdom of the Physitian is very necessary For if it be unseasonably stopped the venemous Matter is kept within And if it be let alone it weakens the Patients and many times brings them to their deaths In the Cure of this Loosness we must therefore thus proceed If it be so moderate that it weaken not the Patient it must not be stopt but only moderated by Strengthening Clysters But if it be immoderate and do very much weaken the Patient it is wont to be a melting Loosness that Thawes the Patient as it were away and must be boldly stopped which new Treacle to the quantity of half a dram or Laudanum Opiatum to the quantity of two or three grains will effectually perform Yet I have often seen a pernicious Flux which threatned to kill the Patient stopped as it were in a Moment by giving of powerful Diaphoreticks in a great Dose which did expel by the Skin that venemous Matter which by vexing and grating upon the Guts and other Bowels did cause such a melting and consuming Loosness Worms do very often vex those that have these Feavers and are plentifully bred by the great putrefaction of the Humors These are conveniently drawn away by sweet Clysters and by potions against the Worms especially such as are made of a Decoction of Seordium For Scordium is equally good against the malignity and the Worms And to temper the heat thereof it must be boiled with Purslain Sorrel and Harts-horn Also burnt Harts-horn is profitably boiled against the Worms For Forestus in the fourth Observ of his sixth Book that no Remedy did so much good to such as having a malignant Feaver were troubled with Worms and a Loosness as burnt Harts-horn given to the quantity of a dram in convenient Juleps When the malignant and venemous Quality bears great sway in these Feavers that they come neer the Nature of the true Pest in such Patients there are commonly risings behind their Ears and Carbuncles Wherefore we will here subjoyn their Cure In the beginning of a Parotis or Rising neer the Ear as soon as it begins to appear the Part recipient must be relaxed and widened as it were and if the swelling rise but slowly the motion of Nature endeavoring to expel
Barly Jujubes and Liquoris and let them use this following Lohoch Take Seeds of Marsh-mallows Melons Cucumers and white Poppy of each two drams Raisons stoned and Jujubes of each four pair Boile al to a pint In which dissolve conserve of Roses and Violets of each half an ounce Pouder of Diatragacanthum frigidum three drams Sugar Candie and Sugar of Roses of each as much as shal suffice Make al into a Lohoch The Jawes and throat may be fenced against the Pox before they break out with this following Gargarism Take French barly one pugil Plantane Leaves two handfuls red Rose Leaves one pugil Balaustians seeds of Sumach of each two drams Boil al in two pints of water to a third parts consumption In the strained Liquor dissolve Syrup of Mulberries and Pomgranates of each one ounce Mix al into a Gargarism If the young age of Children cannot admit a Gargle a Lohoch may be made of Syrup of Mulberries Pome-granats of dried Roses either alone or mingled with red Rose and Plantain waters Which must often be given them in a spoon Wherewith if the Fluxion cannot be stopped by reason of the abundance of the rhume so that there is fear of Suffocation impendent such things must be used which widen the passages and help excretion after this manner Take Mucilage of Fleabane seed and Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn of each one ounce and halfe Whitest Sugar two ounces Mix them Make of all a Lambitive to be given every hour If by meanes of the Acrimony of the flux or the Plenty of the smal Pox an Ulcer be berd in the Jawes or Throat it must be clensed with barly water and honey of Roses or with allum water and if it tend to corruption a little Aegyptiacum Ointment must be mingled therewith The gutts wil be preserved by the same remedies which were appointed to preserve the Lungs But if a present Loosens or dysenterie be urgent first detergent and lenitive Remedies must be used and afterwards astringents And so Clysters must be made of calybeated Milk of Sugar and yolkes of Eggs and afterwards of a decoction of barly and red Roses with the yolk of an egg and last of al of a decoction of Plantaine Knot-grass and Prunella or Self-heal and other Simples set down in our Cure of the Disentery And it is to be observed that a loosness in children that have Pox is oftentimes caused by wormes which lasts dureing the whol disease whence they are in the danger of Death because the expulsion of the Pox is therby hindred wholly or lessened Which is easily known by the thickness and viscositie of the excrements and their grey or whitish color then must be administred such things as kill Worms and sweet Clysters must be injected Somtimes also the kidneys are affected and are exulcerated whence arises Pissing of Blood In this Case it is good to give an emulsion of the four greater cool seeds with trochiscs of Alkekengy de Carabe and other things set down in our chapters of Pissing of Blood Among external parts the Eyes are most of all to be guarded from the smal Pox. For being endued with a soft and humid substance the matter of the Pox is easily driven unto them whence arise grevious calamites and somtimes total Blindness Before the Pox break out therefore or when they begin to appear the Eyes must be anointed every hour with Plantane and Rose waters in which a little saffron is dissolved or with the following Eye-Salve which doth more effectually preserve them Take water of Roses and Plantane of each one ounce and half Pouder of Sumach seeds two drams Infuse them a little while hot then strain the liquor hard out to the strained liquor ad Camphire ten graines Saffron five graines Make all into a Water for the Eyes It wil be yet more effectual if Instead of the waters the juices of knot-grass and Sheperds-pouch be mingled with the rest And if some Pox begin to Peep out of the Eye it self pidgeons blood must be often dropt in that their resolution may be hastened then also this following Eye-water is to be used Take Red Rose water two ounces Eye-bright water half an ounce trochisci albi Rhasis one dram Tutty prepared one Scruple Champhire five graines Saffron two graines make al into an Eye-water and wet the Eyes often therewith with a thin linnen rag But when the Eyes so swel that they cannot be opened they must often be washed with a decoction of Linseed Fenugreek seed Quince seed and Mallow seeds and so the swelling wil fal and the Eyes open and if when the Eyes are opened there appear cloudes in them they must be scoured off with Sugar-candie finely powdered And finally if the Eyes are ulcerated they may be cured with this following Eye salve Take Washed Ceruss three drams Sarcocol one dram Gum traganth one Scruple Opium two grains With mucilage of Gum traganth drawn out with Plantane water make all into little cakes or trochiscs which must be dissolved in Womens Milk or red Rose water when it is to be used and in all other things proceed as Practitioners teach at large in the Cure of Vlcers of the Eyes To preserve the Nostrills they must often smel to Vinegar But a Collyrium of juyce of knot-grass and shepherds pouch Sumach seeds and camphire formerly praysed wil work more effectually let the tent be often moistened therein and put up into the Nostrills If notwithstanding the Pox do grow within the Nose they quickly become hard Scabs which are often to be nointed with Oyl of sweet almonds that they may the sooner fal off And finally if an Ulcer happen in the Nose it must be dressed with a liniment of the Oyl of Eg-yolkes and juyce of Plantane stirred together in a leaden Mortar To preserve the Face some wash it with Rose-water and other Astringents Which I cannot approve of for a great part of the impurities flows unto the Face For the Skin tthereof long loose and soft is very fit to receive Excrements Wherefore if those impurities which Nature sends hither be repelled being retained within they may cause great hurt and therefore the motion of Nature is no waies to be hindred But this ought to be the Physitians care to hinder that the Pocks which break out in the Face do not leave behind them pits and Scarrs which doth often deform the Countenance And this he shall in good measure perform if when the Pocks are ripe and are high and white in the middle which is wont to fall out upon the ninth day of the Disease he cause them to be nointed with a Fether twice a day with Oyl of sweet Almonds drawn without fire until the Crusts fall off For by this Medicine the Acrimony of Choller is tempered the ripening of the Pocks is hastened and the falling off of the Crusts furthered which otherwise sticking fast doth exulcerate the Skin more deeply by reason of the Quittor which lies under them
pint in Spring Water strain it and infuse in it two scruples of the best Agarick Trochiscated of Cinnamon half a scruple strain it again and dissolve in it three drams of Diaphoenicon and one ounce of Syrup of Roses Let this be the Potion to be given with safe Government Or Take Diacatholicon and Diaphoenicon of each half an ounce make it into a Bolus with a little Sugar You may ad two drams of Diacarthamum and take away as much of the Diaphoenicon or you may make it of equal parts of Diacarthamum and Diaphoenicon without the Diacatholicon Or Take Pill Cochie the less two scruples with the Water of Bettony make them into five or six Pills gilded which let him take early in the morning having eaten but a light supper over night The Pills of Agarick and of Cochie the greater are very fit for this purpose For a Pouder Take Senna Turbith Hermodacts of each a scruple Diagridium half a scruple one Clove Give this pouder in Broth fasting After Blood-letting if it be necessary we come to the preparation and purging of the Humors which may be done with the following Apozeme or opening Drink Take the Roots of Cyprus Flower-de-luce Angelica Zedoary and of Elicampane of each one ounce the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Penyroyal Organ Calaminth of each a handful of the tops of Time and Sage of each half a handful Annis seeds Seselis or broad Cummin Fennel seeds of each three drams Liquoris scraped and Raisons stoned of each one ounce the Leaves of Senna sprinkled with Aqua vitae two ounces Carthamus seeds bruised and fresh Polipody of the Oak of each one ounce Agarick trochiscated Turbith Hermodacts of each three drams Ginger and Cloves of Each one dram Stoechas Rosemary Sage and Lavender Flowers of each one Pugil or smal handful Boyl them in fair Water to two pints strain it and ad four ounces of white Sugar clarifie it and aromatize it that is make it sweet with two drams of Cinnamon let this be for four morning draughts In the first and last draught dissolve of Diacarthamum or Diaphoenicon three drams and let him drink it with Physical Regiment Or if you ad no Electuary to the last dose the day following you may give the purging Pills above mentioned After Purging that the Brain may be altered and strengthened and the Medicines purging not leave any offence the Patient may take this Bolus following Take of old Treacle one dram Conserve of Rosemary and Roses of each two scruples with Sugar make a Bolus which let him take in the morning two hours before meat and drink after a smal draught of smal Wine But because this is a stubborn Disease and will not alwaies yield to gentle Medicines we must fly to stronger And then after Purging we must use a sweating Diet which dries and warms the Brain and the whol Body concocts crude and raw humors makes the thick humors thin cuts those which are slimy and clammy clenseth those that are foul and dul and sends forth whatsoever is over moist by Urine Sweat or insensible transpiration For the effect of all which it is very good to use a slender Diet at the time of taking it This Diet drink may be made either of a Decoction of Guajacum or Lignum vitae only or by putting to it some Sassaphras or Roots of Sarsaparilla or those things which are most proper for the Head as the Prudent Physitian shall think fit that wil consider the divers tempers and constitutions of Bodies in respect of which he will prescribe a longer or shorter continuance of this Diet to fifteen twenty or thirty daies Now the Sweating drink is made as followeth Take of Chips of Guajacum and Roots of Sarsaparilla of each two ounces infuse them twenty four hours in four pints of Water upon warm â—mbers then boyl them gently without smoak to the consumption of half strain it through a Hippocras bag and keep it in a glass bottle and give half a pint warm in the morning covering him warm and provoking sweat Take of Sarsaparilla two ounces infuse them twelve hours in twelve pints of Spring Water then boyl them as before to the consumption of the fourth part strain as before adding Coriander seeds Liquoris Sugar or Cinnamon as much as will make it pleasant Use this for ordinary Table Drink at the time of the Diet eating Bisket made with Annis seeds roast Meat not boyled Almonds roasted Raisons Pinenuts Prunes boyled with Sugar and the like This is alwaies to be observed in the use of Sudorofick or Sweating Medicines You must give a Purge once a week and that day omit sweating by reason that sweating expels only the thinner matter leaving the thick which must be sent forth by stool Moreover because by the use of sweating Medicines the Body is often bound you must give a Clyster every third or fourth day If the Disease be not yet cured you may use these bags for the Head in the time of sweat Take of Annis seeds Fennel seeds Bay-berries poudered of each three ounces of Milium or Millet seed or Hyrse one pound of common Salt half a pound Fry them in a Pan powring by degrees a little strong Wine upon them With these fill two bags apply them hot one after another to the mold of the head being shaven do this presently after he hath taken the sweating Potion Then wipe off the sweat and clap this strengthening Plaister to the Head Take of cleer Amber Frankinsence Mastick of each one dram and an half Galbanum Opopanax of each one scruple of Misselto of the Oak two drams male Peony seeds half a dram Oyl of Nutmegs as much as is sufficient Make a Plaister of them in an oval form Or you may use the head strengthening Plaister in the Apothecaries Shops at Mountpelior not in the Dispensatory whose description followeth Take of Storax Benjamin Laudanum of each four ounces Peony roots Flower-de-luce roots Misselto of the Oak Mastich of each one ounce liquid Styrax as much as is sufficient to make a Plaister of which one ounce upon Leather in an oval form may be applied to the Coronal Suture If you desire a more drawing dissolving Plaister which is commonly called Epispastick thus you must make it Take of Emplaster de Mucilaginibus two ounces Flower-de-luce roots Hermodacts Pellitory of Spain Staphisagre Cubebs Pidgeons dung Mustard seed of each one ounce Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon long Pepper and black Pepper of each half a scruple Liquid Styrax as much as is sufficient Make a Body of Plaister and spread a little upon Leather in an oval form for the mold of the head After General Evacuations you may come to Particulars which are made by Errhins or Juyces for the Nostrils sneezing pouders Apoplegmatisms or Medicines chewed in the Mouth Take Leaves of Marjoram Sage and Bettony of each one handful beat them in a Marble stone Mortar sprinkling by degrees Bettony Water and white Wine
few hours after bleeding you must purge without respect of time Neither let the Physitian be too curious or fearful in purging since the Disease doth much require it and the time of the disease is not usually long And that purge ought to be very strong because the humor is stubborn and the Sences so drowned that they cannot be rouzed or stirred up without strong Medicines And that Medicine is usually one ounce of the Electuary Diacarthamum dissolved in Bettony Water with half a scruple of Castor Or Take Turbith four scruples Agarick two drams Ginger two scruples Fennel seeds one scruple Castor six grains Infuse them in a sufficient quantity of Bettony Water and in three ounces of it strained dissolve the Electuary Diacarthamum three drams Syrup of Roses one ounce Let him drink it Take of Cochie Pills the less one dram Castor three grains With Bettony Water make seven Pills and if the party cannot swallow them dissolve thâ—â— in Sage Lavender or Bettony Water Or Take of Cochie Pills the greater and Pills of Agarick of each half a dram The Troches of Alhandal Diagridium and Castor of each three grains With Honey of Rosemary make Pills or dissolve it in Sage Water Or this Potion Take of Senna half an ounce of white Agarick one dram and an half of Turbith one dram of Ginger and Galanga half a dram Boyl them in Sage and Rosemary Water In two ounces and an half of the strained Liquor put two drams of Diacarthamum the Electuary and of Castor half a scruple of simple Oxymel half an ounce In a Lethargy the purging Medicines must be milder from the beginning by reason of its continual Feaver accompanying made of Agarick with Rhubarb or Scammony or of Pills of Hiera with â—garick because Choller is that which carrieth the humors to the Head Yet in the progress of the Disease when the matter is flown to the Head and sticks there we may use the Purges above written Trallianus gives one scruple of Scammony with two scruples of Castor in Oxymel by which he hath cured many desperate Lethargies And Oribasius saith That there is no better Medicine for a Lethargy to purge away that flegm which Choller brought to the Head than Scammony and Castor It often happens that the Faculties are so oppressed that Physick wil not work which is an evil sign and such seldom recover But because Celsus saith when things so fall out we must use such Medicines as are at hand if they be proper for the Disease which is so desperate that we may use desperate Medicines For as Serenus saith The Physitians think such Medicines better in desperate cases than for the Patient without tryal to die an easie death And as Celsus saith Many things may be done in time of danger and necessity which may wel be omitted at another time Therefore when we have used those Medicines without any success we may wel rise higher namely To those Medicines which are made of Antimony especially to those which are less vehement and furious as Aqua Benedicta of Dr. Ruland made of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum which purging both upwards and downwards bringeth such a quantity of Flegm not only from the stomach but the brain also as somtimes the Patient is cured only with this Evacuation And I can witness upon my own Experience That I saw a Noble man thrice in two years cured from the Apoplexy with this only Medicine Although some learned men do forbid the use of Vomits in these Diseases yet we must yield to Experience which dayly teacheth us that Children affected with sleeping Diseases are more readily and safely cured by the vomiting Salt of Vitriol than by any other Medicine The Tincture of Tobacco drawn with Aqua vitae and taken in the quantity of two drams with Honey powred down the Throat doth excellently After you have given a purging Medicine before it begins to work and also while it worketh you must think of al those things which cause revulsion of humors and bring them into practice not only frictions or rubbings and ligatures or bindings mentioned before but also Cupping glasses to the back shoulders arms and thighs without scarrification if he was formerly blooded and with scarrification if blood-letting was omitted In an Apoplexy you must not apply Cupping glasses to the Breast or Hypochondria or parts under the Ribs lest the Muscles of the Breast and Belly being contracted the Breath be hindred The chief and only Remedy in an Apoplexy especially is to apply Cupping glasses to the head Which kind of Cure the famous Physitian Fracastorius being taken with an Apoplexy did direct for himself by his Nods and signs but for want of their understanding of them he died Zaeutus Lusitanus in his 33. History and the first Book of the Principal Physitians reports that he cured a desperate Apoplexy by setting a Cupping glass twice upon the hinder part of the Head with deep Scarrification A Veâ—â—catory or Plaister to draw Blisters to the Neck behind and to the Shoulders Let two or three sharp Clysters be given every day Take of Pellitory of the Wall Hylop Calamints Organ Sage Rue and the lesser Centaury of each one handful of Carthamus seeds half an ounce of Fennel and Cummin seeds of each three drams of white Agarick tied in a linnen clout two drams of Coloquintida tied with it one dram and an half Boyl them to one pint strain them and ad to the Liquor of Hiera Picra half an ounce of Diaphoenicon one ounce of Oyl of Rue two ounces Make a Clyster The Chymical Physitians do usually ad two ounces of Aqua Benedicta of Dr. Ruland made of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum and then it wil work strongly You may give four or six ounces of the same infusion at a time and also you may take it out of the glass wherein the Infusion was made shaking it before that it may have some of the fecies or residents of the Pouder in the bottom to make it more strong Therefore for the most part we do prescribe Clysters of Aqua Benedicta or Vino Emetico that is the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum because in many Diseases especially Chollicks it doth wonders Take of Emollient Decoction for Clysters one pint of Diaphoenicon one ounce of Infusion of Crocus Metallorum shaked together four ounces make a Clyster If the Clyster come not away in due time give this Suppository Take of the pouder of Hiera Picra of Galens prescription two drams of Coloquintida and Agarick the best of each half a dram of Diagridium one scruple Salgem two drams Honey boyled to a sufficient consistence or thickness as much is sufficient make Suppositories It often falls out that the Muscle of the Arse called Sphincter is so weak that a Clyster is given in vain because it cannot be contained which is a desperate condition Apply Castor and Vinegar to the Nose which are said to have a special quality against sleep It is
best being drawn by a good Artificer and smelling of no fire but sending forth a most fragrant scent The Dose is from half a scruple to one scruple The Oyl of Box-tree taken by four drops at a time in four ounces of the Water of the Tile-tree flowers with four drops of the Spirit of Sulphur for some certain daies together is very powerful and is thought by many to be the true Oyl of Lignum Heraclei Crato calls the Natural Cinnaber the Load-stone of the Epilepsy and makes this Pouder of it Take of Natural Cinnaber or Vermilion which is cleer and finely poudred half an ounce red Coral and Pearls prepared of each two scruples Saffron one scruple the Leaves of Gold five Grind them all very finely upon a stone The Dose is from six grains to a scruple in the time of the fit in some proper Liquor The Cinnaber or Vermilion or Antimony which is taken after the extraction of Mercurius vitae is thought by Chymists to be of no less vertue than the former for if it be mixed with an equal weight of the Magistery of Pearl Coral and pouder of a dead Mans Skull it is a specifical Medicine in an Epilepsy though it be old the Dose is from ten grains to fifteen in a proper Liquor The Cure of an Epilepsy by consent is first to begin with the part affected and that part is to be clensed and strengthened by convenient Medicines taken out or those proper Chapters wherein they are mentioned not omitting Specifical and Antepileptical Medicines which are alwaies to be used in every Medicine But if the Epilepsy come from any external part besides the Universal Cure we must have a special eye to that and the malignant matter therein contained is to be evacuated by Cupping-glasses with scarrification Vesicatories and Cauteries And if the Disease continue after the Ephar or Scab is fallen off you must apply the Cupping glasses again and at last when necessity urgeth you must apply an actual Cautery If the disease come from a foulness of the Skul that is to be taken away with the Trepan and burning CHAP. VIII Of the Falling-sickness in Children BEcause this Disease is common among Children and useth to be very dangerous unto them therefore we shal ad a peculiar way for their Cure by it self because it is very much differing from that in elder People First therefore make the Belly soluble with a Suppository or Clyster After or about the same time give a purging Medicine proportionable to the strength of the child We need not fear to give of the Electuary of Diacarthamum two drams to a child of one yeer old if the Disease come of corrupt Milk Take of Hiera Picra haly a scruple or one scruple Pulvis de gutteta half a scruple Give it with a proper Liquor or with Honey of Roses Apply Cupping glasses to the Shoulders and Loyns and with Scarrification if the Child be one or two yeers old Apply a Vesicatory to the hinder part of the Neck If the Purgation have not done well or little profited you must vomit with white Vitriol prepared or with Salt of Vitriol which may be given twice thrice or four times if the Disease encrease The Epileptick Pouder commonly called de gutteta may be given often with Milk or Broth from half a scruple to a scruple That Epileptick Pouder is not found written in our Dispensatory but in the Shops at Montpelior It is usually compounded thus Take of Peony Roots and Seeds white Dictamnus Misleto of the Oak of each half an ounce the seed of Atriplex or Orage two drams the Pouder of Mans Skull three drams red Coral prepared Hyacinths prepared of each one dram and an half Elks hoof prepared half an ounce Musk one scruple Leaf Gold one dram Mix them into Pouder Take it in a smal spoonful of Water against the Epilepsy or instead thereof in Cinnamon Water or Imperial Water or with some drops of the spirital mixture with a proper Liquor Apply to the hinder part of the head a Plaister of Ammoniacum the hair being shaven for it hinders a flux of humors that fals from the Head upon the back bone outwardly Use this Pouder to the fore part of the head Take of Nutmeg half a dram Peony seeds one dram and an half Lavender flowers one pugil Amber two scruples Make a Pouder Or apply the strengthening Plaister prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain Two or three drops of Oyl of Amber with an equal quantity of Spirit of Vitriol given in Bettony Water do presently free a child from a sit of the Falling-sickness The same Oyl is good to anoint the Nostrils Instead of Oyl of Amber give the Oyl of Box as also the Water of Tile-tree flowers and Bettony Water The smoak of Tobacco doth free children from the Epilepsy if you put in the smal end of the Pipe into the childs Mouth and blow in the smoak or if you blow it from your mouth Let the Back bone and the Members contracted be anointed with this Liniment Take of the Oyl of Rue and of Earth-worms of each two ounces Oyl of Castor one dram a little Aqua vitae make a Liniment Take of Old Treacle one dram Confection of Alkermes and Hyacinths of each one scruple Bettony Sage Marjoram and Cinnamon Water of each half an ounce ' Mix them and hath therewith the Nostrils Temples and Ears You may also give a spoonful to be drunk But it is better to anoint the Nostrils Temples and Crown of the Head with the Apoplectick Balsom described for sleepy Diseases as also the Mouth and Pallat. Skenkius in his 5. Century of Exotick Experiments num 85. hath this Receipt out of George Kufner This is an approved Medicine in Childrens Epilepsies Give a little fine Musk in thin Wine twice or thrice in a day and it will cure perfectly While these things are performing you must give once or twice in a day a Clyster thus made Take of the Roots of round Birthwort of Polipody of the Oak of Carthamus seeds of each half an ounce Peony and Cummin seeds of each three drams the flowers of Chamomel and and Rosemary of each one pugil Boyl them to one pint take half a pint of it strained Hiera picra three drams Honey of Rosemary one ounce Oyl of Rue and Lillies of each three drams Two special things are to be practiced The one is the Root of wild Valerian before commended by Columna which he saith he hath given poudered in Milk and thereby cured very many Another is the Gall of a sucking Puppy which is mentioned in Untzerus thus Take a little black sucking Puppy but for a Girl take a bitch Whelp choak it open it and take out the Gall which hath not above three or four drops of pure choller give it all to the child in the time of the fit with a little Tile-tree-flower Water and thou shalt see him cured as it were by
or a Magistral syrup but give strong Purges only twice in a month letting blood constantly before as is before mentioned In the time of Intermission use Baths preparing Juleps or altering Broths as also strengthning Opiates Besides the vulgar Juleps this following made of Juyces is very profitable Take of the juyce of Borage Bugloss and Pairmains of each three ounces Fumitory and Succory water of each four ounces white Sugar six drams boyl clarifie and aromatize them with yellow Saunders and take six ounces thereof morning and evening You may make Opiats as followeth Take of Conserve of Roses Violets and Bugloss of each one ounce Conserve of Tamarisk-flowers Clove-gilli-flowers Candâ—ed Lettice-stalks and Citron-peels candâ—ed of each half an ounce one Emblick Myrobalon candied Confection of Alkermes and Hyacynths of each three drams the Pouder of the Electuary called Diamargariton Frigidum and Laetificans Galeni of each one dram Coral and Pearl prepared of each half a dram with the syrup of sweet-smelling Apples make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a Chesnut drinking after it a little oâ— his Julep or of some other proper liquor Tablets also may be made in this manner Take of Confectio Alkermâ—â— two drams Species de Gemmis and Diamargariton Frigidum of each half a dram Sugar dissolved in the juyce of Apples four ounces make Tablets of the weight of two drams and give one for a Dose Sometimes we may try Specifical Medicines and Amulets or things to be hanged about the Neck of which sort Sennertus hath many but we wil mention only one which is in a Noble Family of Montpelior is accounted as an Hereditary Secret which is this Take of Balm-flowers one handful chop them small and infuse them in four ounces of the spirit of Wine then ad of prepared Pearl half a dram mix them and give two spoonfuls at à time while you use these things you must with all possible art procure sleep by Medicines both internal and external such as you have for the Cure of the Phrenzie And besides external sleeping Medicines you must apply such Remedies outwardly to the head which may temper and allay the vehement heat and fury thereof And these must not only be cooling but also more moistning and in the beginning of the Disease repelling Therefore in the beginning Oyl of Roses Violets Dill and Chamomil are very good After you must leave out the Oyl of Roses but when you wil Cool more you must ad the Oyl of the Cold Seeds and Poppyes And lastly that they may be brought into the form of a Liniment you may ad Butter or the Mucilage of Linseed or Fenugreek An Epithem thus made is very good Take of the water of Water-Lillies one pint Sal. Prunella one ounce Camphire one scruple mix them and apply double cloaths dipped therein to the fore-part of the Head And Epithem of Sal. Saturni or Salt of Lead with rose-Rose-water is very profitable As also that which is formerly mentioned made of Rose-water red Saunders being infused therein with Musk and Camphire The Chymists prefer the Balsom of Lead and anoint the Head therewith as with a Liniment But in the height of the Disease it is very necessary to apply some Creature newly killed or some part of it and especially a sheeps Lungs which must be warmed again in hot water after it is grown cold Some use stronger Discussients in the declination of the Disease and also in the vigor of it after sufficient evacuation this following Fomentation is of wonderful Vertue Take of the Head Herbs with their flowers as many as you think fit boyl them in Spring water then take of Bay-berries and the Roots of black Hellebore of each as much as will suffice beat them grosly and sew them into a long Bag and then let it boyl in the Decoction before mentioned Afterwards for Nine dayes together Take Two Pints of the Decoction and Foment the Head being shaved with double Cloatâ—s for the space of an hour after apply the Bag to the Coronal Suture binâ—ing it about with linnen Cloaths Let the Patient lie down and rest if he can then wil he Purge by al the Emunctuaries of the Brain and also somwhat by stool so wil the filth sticking to his Skul and Brain be wonderfully dissolved which few other Medicines can perform Lastly Apply a Cautery to the Coronal Suture which is much approved by Gordonius who confirms the benefit of it by the Hist of a certain Mad-man who had a wound in his Head with a Fracture of the Scull and was â—â—â—y wel as long as it was Open but still when it was Healed grew mad again Although the Brain be principally affected in this Disease yet other parts are to be altered especially the Heart and Liver with Epithems and Liniments prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy CHAP. XIV Of Melancholly MElancholly is a Doting or Delirium without a Feaver with fear and sadness It is distinguished from a Phrenzy by want of Feaver and from Madness by Fear and Sadness because that comes with Fury and Boldness We say this Disease hath no Feaver namely of its own nature of it self but a Feaver may Accidentally be joyned with it For nothing hindereth but a continual or intermitting Feaver may happen to one in this Disease but this Feaver wil not be essentially in it as in a Phrenzy where a Feaver is essential to the Disease But we may doubt how Fear and Sadness may be said to be of the essence of Melancholly when we perceive that in many Melancholick people there is much laughter and appearance of joy For some laugh some sing some think themselves to be very rich Kings and Monarchs We Answer That there are divers degrees of Melancholly and divers mixtures of Melanchollick humors with others from whence come varieties of Passions so that they who have much blood or flegm mixed with Melancholly may have joy and Cheerfulness but that Disease is not at that time a true Melancholly but is more like foolishness Also great variety of Doting ariseth from the various disposition of the Melanchollick humor Hence it is that some think themselves to be Kings Princes Prophets Others that they are made of Glass or Potters-Clay or that they are barely Corns ready to be devoured by the Hens Some think they are melting Wax and dare not approach the Fire Others That they are Dogs Cats Wolves Cuckows Nightingales or Cocks whose voyces they imitate Others fancy themselves dead and will neither eat nor drink Others dare not piss least they should drown the World by a second Deluge Some think they have lost their heads or some other Member or that they carry the world upon their fingers end or that they have Sparrows in their heads or Serpents Frogs Mice and other Creatures in their Bellies The immediate Cause of Melancholly that I may use the words of Galen is a dark spirit or vapor very black for when the Animal Spirits
of Barley boyl a little and mix it with Sugar Let him drink ten ounces at a time some mornings in his bed and sleep after it and somtimes in the evening Hold the Troches in the mouth Take of Gum Traganth and Arabick of each two drams Bole-armenick and Terra Sigillata washed in Rose water of each one dram white Poppy seeds and juyce of Liquoris of each half a dram Sugar Penids one ounce With the Mucilage of Quince seeds extracted with Rose water make little Cakes to be held in the mouth day and night The Spirit of Sulphur and Vitriol three or four drops given morning and evening in convenient Liquor hath great force against all Catarrhs especially against those which come from Inflamation of the Bowels It may be given in drink in a smaller quantity for it goes with the drink through all the veins and hinders the motion of the humors The Crystal Mineral is for the same use given with Juleps and other Medicines When these do not avail we must be constrained to use Narcoticks or Stupefactives Among which Laudanum is the best given to four or five grains at bed time or one ounce or half an ounce of Syrup of Poppies These do wonders being used in the beginning of the Disease New Treacle given at night from a scruple to half a dram hath the same force Benedictus Faventius useth the following Pills in a Salt Catarrh with good success Take of the Juyce of Liquoris two drams wash'd Aloes one dram Filulae de Cynoglosso half a dram With Syrup of Violets make a Mass of which take a scruple at bed time The Troches of Solenander before mentioned are excellent Diacodium album prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy is good for this In the mean while the matter flowing must be revelled by Clysters Cupping Glasses Frictions and binding of the external parts and chiefly by Vesicatories in the Neck and finally with Issues in the hinder part of the Head and Arms if the Catarrh be old But for the strengthening of the Head and stopping of the fluxion and consuming the remainder Pouders Bags and Emplasters are good Take of white Amber Sandarach Mastich Benjamin Nutmeg of each one ounce Frankinsence Grains of Kermes and red Roses of each half an ounce all the Sanders Mirtles and Pomegranate flowers of each two drams make a Pouder Vse it to the Head at night and 〈◊〉 it off in the morning Take of the Gum of Juniper two scruples red Roses two pugils Mirtles one dram Mace and Nutmeg of each one scruple Frankinsence and Peony seeds and Poppy heads of each two scruples Cyprus nuts half a scruple Pouder them and take them up with red wool and with a red cloth make a lining for a Cap to wear constantly Take of Mastick and Frankinsence of each half a dram Sandrach red Coral red Roses Mirtles Pomegranate flowers and Peels of each one dram Labdanum two drams Wax and Oyl of Roses as much as is sufficient Make an Emplaster for the Coronal Suture But because this Catarrh for the most part comes from a hot distemper of the Liver therefore you must use Medicines to that Finally This is most remarkable which is also mentioned in the Cure of a cold Catarrh That Excrements use to cause Catarrhs by flowing to the Head when their usual natural passages are stopped And then a Catarrh is best cured by opening those passages with a gentle and constant purging in Broths or the like CHAP. XVI Of the Head-ach THe word Cephalalgia is used generally for every pain of the Head but more especially it signifieth a new Head-ach But the word Cephalaea signifieth an old Head-ach and Hemicranea signifieth that pain which only is in one side of the Head There are other differences of Head-aches they are divided into Internal and External Pains by consent and by propriety and of these one is called a pricking pain another a stretching or extending pain another a heavy another a beating or shooting pain The internal pain of the head is in the Meninges or Membranes that is very deep and reacheth to the roots of the Eyes But an external pain is in the Pericranium or Membrane without the Skull and will not endure the roots of the hairs to be combed back and is made greater by the least compression of the Head This is the Doctrine of Galen which he teacheth 3. de loc aff cap. 1. and lib. 2. de comp med secundum loc cap. 3. saying very solidly That the internal Head-ach is distinguished from the external by this peculiar sign That in the internal the pain comes to the roots of the eyes not in an external and he gives this Reason Because the coats of the Eyes come from the Meninges of the Brain whence it comes that the grief is conveighed to the Eyes But Fernelius contradicts this Doctrine lib. 5. Pathalogiae cap. 1. and affirmeth that external pains do reach to the roots of the Eyes because the Pericranium or Skin of the Skul wherein those pains are doth reach to the cavity of the Eyes to whom Rondoletius answers lib. 1. meth med cap. 5. that the Cavity of the Eye doth not suffer with the Pericranium although it reach to it by reason that the pain of the Pericranium comes for the most part of external cold for a cold part will easily suffer from the like quality But that cold cannot reach to the hollow of the Eye because it is preserved by the heat blood and spirits of the Eyes but if at any time a headach cometh of external heat or the like the Skin of the head is only affected not the Pericranium which lieth deep But this Doctrine of Rondeletius doth not altogether take away all difficulty for although all things which he alledgeth should be granted yet if a pain arise from a tumor gathered upon the Pericranium or of some other cause that dissolveth continuity and divideth there is no reason why the grief should not reach to the hollow of the Eye We can say this in defence of Galen that this sign was given by him for two Reasons First Because the Membrane which reacheth to the hollow of the Eye from the Pericranium is not so sensible and therefore cannot suffer but obtusely but the coats of the Eyes which come from the Meninges are very sensible and therefore have great pain Moreover that Membrane which cometh from the Pericranium doth not touch the Eye so inwardly and deeply towards the optick Nerves as the coats which come from the Meninges whence it is that the external pain cannot extend it self to the roots of the Eyes as Galen saith A pain by propriety is constant and permanent nor doth it follow the disease of other parts But a pain by consent or sympathy depends upon the infirmity of another part so that as that encreaseth or diminisheth the Headach encreaseth or diminisheth Now this pain by sympathy is either by consent from the whol Body as in Feavers
whol Body Also in an old Headach sweating Decoctions are very good and famous Authors declare that many have been cured thereby Which not prevailing Mercatus is bold to fly to the use of Stibium and commends it highly in his first Book of the Cure of internal Diseases and the eighth Chapter But in an old grief it is better to strengthen the head often than to use too many Evacuations Therefore Pouders and Caps and other topick or external Medicines are very necessary before mentioned in the Cure of the cold Distemper of the Brain But Pouders are more commendible because the vertue of a Cap is not so much communicated to the Brain and the pain may be encreased by the filth which is contracted by the long wearing of them Moreover An Oyntment may be applied of the Oyl of Almonds in which wild Bettony Bay leaves Mastich Lavender Mints Marjoram Thyme Penyroyal Nutmeg Cloves and Cinnamon or some of these have been boyled adding in the time of the boyling a little red Wine Or this following Chymical Oyl Take of Turpentine one pound Mastich Nutmeg Cinnamon of each one dram Cloves Zedoary Galangal Ladanum of each one ounce and an half the juyce of Ebulus or Dwarf-Elder and of the wild Cowcumber of each one dram the Oyl of Chamomel and Lillies of each half a pint red Wine one pint and an half wild Marjoram green one handful Pouder those that are to be poudered and put them into a Glass Retort and extract an Oyl with which anoint the head after it is shaved Oyl of Amber is very good and it will be sufficient only to anoint the Head therewith While you use the afore mentioned Remedies you may also use from the beginning of the Cure specifical Medicines such as this Epitheme Take of the pouder of Zedoary one dram the Water of Bettony Vervain and Elder of each one ounce Mix them and apply them hot to the part grieved with Scarlet cloth Among the proper Medicines for the Head-ach from what cause soever it ariseth Vervain is the chief whose Water distilled you may both apply externally and give of it internally to the quantity of ounces with three drops of the spirit of Salt Green Vervain alone only hung about the Neck hath cured two Patâ—â—â—â—s when many other Medicines failed as Forestus reports Zacutus Lucitanus it 〈◊〉 1. Praxis Med. mirab observat 7. 8. 9. 10. propounds four Remedies confirmed by Experience namely An Issue in the back of the hand Hors-leeches to the Temples opening of the Vein in the Forehead and the corner of the Eye which you may read in the place cited These things are to be noted concerning those Observations First That the â—â—sue between the Thumb and fore Finger is approved by other Experiments and hath cured great Headaches Secondly In the Cure by Hors-leeches Zacutus is not content to apply two or three as ordinarily is done but ten or twelve round about the Temples whence comes a great attraction of Blood which may draw forth the whol matter of the Disease Thirdly In the Curing by opening the Veins in the Forehead we must observe That that Vein was twice opened whence it appears that the first was not sufficient when ordinarily our Practitioners do seldom open it the second time if the first hath been to little benefit The hot Cause of a Primary and Essential Headach is Blood or Choller And the like Remedies are proper for both though they must be made stronger or weaker according to the strength of the Disease First then after a Clyster is administred begin with Blood-letting drawing forth more when the grief proceeds of blood than when it proceeds of choller Then give a Medicine to purge Choller not only when Choller is the Principal Cause but when blood aboundeth whose thinner part is easily turned into Choller If the matter offending is not sufficiently taken away by one purge you must purge again at a due distance After apply Repelling Medicines to the Head and Vinegar of Roses such as were propounded in the Cure of the Phrenzy making choice of the mildest And after it will be very profitable to apply Creatures newly killed or parts of them to discuss the reliques of the Disease and to asswage the pain In an Headach which goeth with a continual Feaver a Sheeps Lungs applied hot do much asswage the pain Also a Cataplasm of bruised Guords and Housleek to the feet The opening of the Saphena after sufficient bleeding in the Arm cures often times a Headach with a Feaver very suddenly You must use Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification and Frictions of the extream Parts And in the whol time of the Disease if the Belly be not loose you must every day give an Emollient and cooling Clyster and which do gently purge After general Evacuations and Revulsions you may rightly and with profit derive the matter by opening the Head Vein or with Hors-Leeches to the Forehead or with Vesicatories to the Neck In the mean while let the whol mass of Humors be qualified with Juleps Emulsions and Broths as was mentioned in the Cure of the Phrenzy Lastly If the pain be very violent you must apply Narcoticks both externally and internally as they are set down in the said Cure of the Phrenzy Here also may avail the opening of the Forehead Veins and Leeches to the Temples commended from Zacutus Lusitanus Paraeus lib. 16. cap. 4. reports that a desperate half Headach was cured by opening the Arteries in the Temples and saies there is no danger in doing it The Artery is opened as a Vein and six ounces of blood forcibly leaping forth are to be taken After apply a convenient Ligature and open it not in four daies Botallus also saies That it doth miraculously cure old Head-aches and we also have cured desperate ones the same way and never found any danger in the opening of the Artery You must apply a Plaister to the Orifice of Frankinsence Mastich Bole armenick and Hares Hair with the white of an Eg and then make your Ligature as you use to do in Wounds of the Head In all pains of the Head of what cause soever if other means fail and the greatness of the pain make thee run to extremities a Vesicatory applied over all the Head after it is shaven will cure it A Cautery upon the Coronal Suture somtimes hath perfectly cured a violent Head-ach But it is more powerful if it be applied to the Temples of which see Poterius observat centur 3. cap. 8. and our Observations thereon The End of the first Book THE SECOND BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Eyes The PREFACE THE Diseases of the Eyes are so divers that it is very hard to lay them down cleerly and plainly and to distinguish one from the other which that we may endeavor as much as may be and cleer up our Treatise for Practice we will so divide them the Diseases by which the sight is
be easily couched for it ought to be like a thin skin which may be rowled about the Needle and so couched down for if it be too thick and solid it cannot be couched which you may perceive when it is like Chalk or Hail Contrarily that which is fit for couching useth to be Sky-colored and Sea-green of the color of Iron or Lead not black The Cure of a Cataract must be directed not only to the Conjunct but to the Antecedent cause And therefore you must purge the whol Body and especially the Brain very exactly After you must discuss that humor which obstructeth the Pupilla and some way soften it Which intentions when they are almost the same which were propounded in the Cure of Gutta serena we may use the same Remedies for Diet evacuation or purging of the whol Body for revulsion of the humor offending and for the strengthening of the Head and the Eyes so we shall not in vain repeat them Having therefore first used all that Method which was laid down for the Cure of Gutta serena we will declare unto you those Medicines which belong properly to the taking away of the matter about the Pupilla And though Topical Medicines are counted little worth according to Galens Opinion 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who saith that they promise more than they can perform yet their Lawful use is not to be rejected and Experience hath taught by very good Authors confirmed that Cataracts in their beginning after universal Medicines used have been cured with Topicks that is Medicines applied to the Eye First therefore begin with mild dissolvers and such as dry not overmuch lest the matter grow hard and be made unfit to be dissolved then use mollifiers with your dissolvers that induration may be hindered and it may more easily be dissolved For this purpose the following Fornentation may be first used Take of the Leaves of Rue Fennel Eyebright the greater Celondine of each one handful Foenugreek seeds one ounce Chamomel and Melilot flowers of each one pugil Boyl them in three parts of spring Water and one part of white Wine added towards the end of the Decoction Foment the Eyes with a soft spunge dipt in the strained Liquor morning and evening Of the same Decoction you may make a Fumigation covering the head that it may be received into the Eyes In the beginning of the Disease while the defluxion is new and that revelling Medicines are used it is good to wash the Eyes with only red Wine which by its astriction hinders the defluxion and by its spirits discusseth and dissolveth it In the progress of the Disease a Fomentation of white Wine in which Crocus Metallorum hath been infused is most profitable It is no less profitable to let a child eat sweet Fennel Seeds in a morning and afterwards breath into the Eyes As also to let him lick them or to let a Dog lick them Also Bread hot from the Oven in which is sweet Fennel seed cut in the middle may be so placed to the Eyes that they may behold it when they are wet with the vapor These Medicines are to be used in the morning At night you may apply this Cataplasm Take of Fenugreek seed beaten one ounce Aloes half an ounce Saffron one dram Make them into fine pouder put it into white Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum hath been infused and make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Eyes at night Many commend Pidgeons blood put hot into the Eyes for with the Natural heat of that Creature the part will be much strengthened and the excrementitious matter dissolved but because the heat will quickly depart from the blood it is better to take a yong callow Pidgeon and slit it in the back and apply it to the Eye With these Medicines you may discuss the matter if it be possible Topical Medicines called Collyria which are dropped into the Eyes are of little force and those are they which Galen said did promise more than they perform for all their vertue is spent in the Cornea neither can they reach to the internal parts except they be made very sharp by which pain would be caused and a greater defluxion hence many that have used them immoderately have from a light infirmity become stark blind But because many of those Collyriaes are found in Authors which have good report by them lest we should seem defective we will shew some of the choycest that they who please may try them Take of the best Honey two pints Fennel Roots and the Roots of long and round Birthwort of each one pound the leaves of Rue Eyebright Celondine the greater and the tops of Fennel of each six handfuls Centaury the less three handfuls Roses four pugils the Vrine of a Boy two pints Mix them all in a glass Vessel and distill them in Balneo Mariae Drop this Water often into the Eyes Or you may make Bread with the Bran in it with the Pouder of Rue Celondine Eyebright Bettony and Fennel with a little Honey which as soon as it is drawn and cut in pieces must be put between two Pewter or Silver Dishes from whence will come a Water which Zechius affirmeth dropped into the Eyes doth wonders Also this following is highly commended Take of white Violet Leaves one handful Radish seed one dram Amoniacum half a dram mix them and pouder them then steep them twenty four hours in one pint of Fennel water then let them boyl a little space ad to the straining one ounce of the clarified juyce of Fennel the Balsom of Peru two drams make a Collyrium which Zechius saith Dropt into the Eyes morning and evening after the Body is sufficiently Purged doth so clense the Eyes that it takes away a Cataract wonderfully without Couching Hollerius Describes a Water that he saith Cured one that was Nine yeers blind Which is this Take of the juyce of Smallage Vervain Germander Burnet Avens Sage Celondine Rue Knot-grass Chickweed the pouder of Cloves of each one ounce gross Pepper Nutmeg Lignum Aloes of each three drams steep them all in the Vrin of a Boy and the sixth part of Sack Let them boyl a little then strain them and press them put it in a Glass close stopt drop every night some of it into each Eye The juyce of Brooklime only being often dropt into the eyes hath somtimes Cured a yong Suffusion when a Cautery also hath been applied to the Coronal Suture The Juyce of Celondine and Calcitrap mixed together are as good Quercetan in his Dispensatory doth much commend Water in which Crocus Metallorum hath been infused which is thus made Take of the Water of the greater Celondine six ounces Crocus Metallorum one dram infuse them and drop three or four drops of this Water warmed into the Eyes for three or four times a day for a long continuance Fonseca saith That he knew one Cured by this Water who was very dim sighted many months This is the excellency of
Arteries the blood is stanched by good Ligature and bondage only nor is the Plaister mentioned by Galen in the same place necessary which is made of Bole Frankinsence Mastick and the Hair of an Hare with the white of an Egg yet for the better security they who are afraid of the opening of an Artery may make use of it you may see what we have said concerning the opening of Arteries in the Cure of the Head-ach Vesicatories also are very profitable in this Disease both applied to the Neck and behind the Ears When you have bled sufficiently you must purge that the Chollerick Humors especially such as make the blood hot may be evacuated And Hippocrates saith it is very requisite Aphor. 17. Sect. 6. For it is good for him that hath an Ophthalmy to fall into a flux And Galen 13. Meth. Cap. 11. saith That he hath seen some who began to have sore Eyes to be cured in one day only by a Purge But it must be made of gentle ingredients and such as do allay the heat of the blood taking heed of al Medicines that have Scammony in them and they be made thus Take of Tamarinds half an ounce clean Senna three drams Annisseeds half a dram Endive Succory and Fumatory of each half a handful boyl them to four ounces and when it is strained infuse in the liquor of the best Rhubarb and yellow Myrobalans rubbed with the Oyl of sweet Almonds of each one dram yellow Saunders half a scruple after strain it again and dissolve of Manna and syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make a Potion Or in Form of Bolus thus Take of Cassia newly drawn six drams Diacatholicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram make a Bolus with Sugar So many times we prescribe Pills in an Ophthalmy which comes of Flegm namely Lucis majoris of Agarick and the like which though they are very good in the state of the Disease yet it is better to abstain from in the beginning lest the Humors moved with too violent a Medicine should fal more upon the part Nor is one Purge sufficient but you must repel it a distance if the Disease be old first giving good preparatives by Apozemes or Juleps proper for the Humor offending therefore in the beginning allay the heat of the Humors with cooling Juleps and such as thicken or with Emulsions made of the greater Cold Seeds Lettice and white Poppy seeds in some cooling Decoction with a little Rose water After universal Revulsions and Evacuations come to Topical Medicines with that part which from the beginning must be repelling yet the soundest Practicioners do warn us not to use repelling Medicines to the Eyes at first because for the most part they stop the Humor and retain it in the Eye and so increase the grief and inflamation For Galen Comment Aphor. 31. Sect. 6. reproves a certain Oculist which used these kind of Medicines in the beginning of the inflamation for they may be suspected in the beginning not to stay violent defluxions but rather to keep them from coming forth Hence it cometh to pass that when the humors are sharp the Cornea is somtimes ulcerated but when they are many it is streaked and somtimes broken But Avicenna fen 3. lib. 3. tract 1. cap. 9. saith That it is fit that if possible we abstain from Collyriums the first three dayes And a little after he saith That we ought not in the beginning to apply strong Astringents and thickners because they thicken the Tunicles or coats and hinder resolution and increase pain Yet we need be so exact in the time and number of dayes because the Disease is in some older and in some yonger But we may with profit apply Astringents at the beginning to the Forehead and Temples for by those the veins by whith the humors flow to the Eyes are stopt and they driven back The Form of this is as followeth Take of Bole-Armonick sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastich of each one dram red Roses Balasts or Pomegranat flowers the pouder of Lentils of each two scruples mix them with the white of an Egg and Vinegar of Roses and make a Cataplasm for the Forehead and Temples Moreover A Cataplasm made of the Juyce of Nettles and Wheat flower applied to the Forehead and Temples is excellent to stay a defluxion by reason the Juyce of Nettles hath a special Vertue for the stopping of al sorts of Bleedings as it doth the bleeding at the Nose or Mouth But if the pain be very great which useth to encrease the defluxion upon the Eyes you must apply Anodines or Medicines asswaging pains upon them Among which new milk especially if it be that which a sound woman giveth is best if it be often milked fresh into the Eyes from the breast and not be used stale for then it wil grow sowr and be offensive to them instead thereof you may use fresh Cheese made of Sheeps milk which you must often change lest it turn like Butter and so inflame the Eye The white of an Egg wel beaten til it turn to water is commended of Galen for it asswageth pain and gently stayes the Flux Also an Apple roasted in the Embers doth much asswage the pain of the Eyes The Mucilages or slime of the seeds of Fleabane Quinces Foenugreek drawn with Rose-water do take away pain but they must be renewed every day or they wil grow sowr Of these things you may make divers kinds of Medicines As for Example Take of the pap of a sweet Apple roasted in the embers an ounce the Mucilage of the seeds of Fleabane and Quinces drawn with Rose Water of each six drams the white of a new laid Eg beaten into water and womans Milk of each one dram Make a Cataplasm and apply it to the Eyes Or Take of the pap of a roasted Apple one ounce Crums of white Bread half an ounce one Egg mixed with Breast milk Make of these a Cataplasm Thin slices of Goats Flesh Veal or Mutton often applied to the Eyes do very much asswage pain A Cataplasm may be made more easily with crums of white Bread and Womans Milk mixed with Rose Water If the pain be intollerable you must fly to Narcotick or stupifying Medicines which you must use sparingly and with good advice because they do thicken the visive Spirits and make the Humors and Tunicles gross by which the Sight will become dim Among Narcoticks for the Eyes the white Troches of Rhasis are principal made with Opium thus Take of Rose water two ounces the Water of an Eg well beaten one ounce the white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Make a Collyrium or Water for the Eyes When the pain is aslwaged you must come to repelling Medicines which must be gentle and mixed with Anodines continually for this end make this Collyrium following Take of Plantane and Rose water of each one ounce and an half the Water of the white of an Egg beaten one ounce the
white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Make a Collyrium and drop it often into the Eyes If the pain be very great you may put to it Womans Milk and the Mucilages aforesaid This following Medicine doth powerfully resist inflamation and stay the flux Take of the white of an Eg beat it in a pewter dish with a piece of Allum very well till it come to the consistence of an Oyntment which you must spread upon a linnen cloth and apply it warm to the Eyes After two or three hours take it away left by its long continuance having an extraordinary astringent quality from the Allum it retain the humors in the Eyes Also the Water of Allum distilled in an Alembick laid to the Eye with a linnen clout doth allay the inflamation thereof The Salt of Lead dissolved in Rose Water or Wine Vinegar or mixed with Pomatum doth powerfully cool the inflamation In the encrease of the Disease you must mix digestives with Repelling Medicines and therfore you must put the Water of Eyebright Fennel Celondine and the Mucilage of Linseeds Althaeae oâ— Marsh-mallows and Foenugreek Gal. 13. Meth. commends especially the Decoction of Fenugreek because it digesteth concocteth and moderately repelleth but you must sift the Fenugreek to take out the dust and after wash it often in warm Water before you boyl it or make the Mucilage of it You may thus make a Collyrium Take of the Mucilage of the seed of Foenugreek and Quinces drawn with Rose and Eyebright Water of each one ounce and an half the white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Tutty prepared half a dram Make a Collyrium When the Disease is at the height you may put Sarcocol to it which is of a more digestive quality but since it is apt to hurt the Eyes by its over dryness and sharpness it must first be steeped some few daies in Milk often changed and you must prepare but a little at one time for if it be long kept it wil grow sowr and hurt the Eyes You may use it thus Take of the flowers of Chamomel Melilot and red Roses of each one pugil the seeds of Foenugreek clensed one dram boyl them in Plantane Water Dissolve in four ounces of the straining Sarcocol one dram Tutty prepared and of the white Troches of Rhasis without Opium of each half a dram Make a Collyrium Authors do commend some Waters to be very powerful Quercetan commends the infusion of Crocus Metallorum made in Eyebright and Fennel Water which is strong enough and is no waies too sharrp for the Eyes as others are Crollius and the rest of the Chymicks do highly commend the Salt of Lead dissolved in Rose Water to which they put a few grains of Sul Armonick The manner is thus Take of the Salt of Lead twelve grains Sal Armonick three grains Rose Water three ounces Mix them and drop some into the Eye morning and evening There is also a Water made of calcined or burnt Lead or Litharge or Menium infused in Vinegar which laid to the Eye with a linnen clout presently cureth their inflamation The Water of white Vitriol is most common being dissolved in Rose or Plantane Water this mitigateth inflamations discusseth and hindereth defluxions Thus they are proportioned Take of white Vitriol one scruple Rose or Plantane Water four ounces Dissolve the Vitriol in it at the fire Strain the Water and drop it into the Eyes If it be too sharp you may qualifie it as you please with more Rose or Plantane Water This following Medicine is not so sharp and more dissolving Take of Flower-de-luce Roots and red Roses of each one scruple Rose and Plantane Water of each three ounces Boyl them to the third part with a gentle fire Ad to the straining white Vitriol poundered eight grains Make a Collyrium Many Oyntments also are used for the Eyes of which these three following are the best and somtimes do wonders The first is in Renodaeus his Dispensatory called Vnguentum Ophthalmium made thus Take of Bole-Armenick washed in Rose Water one ounce Lapis Calaminaris wash'd in Eyebright Water and Tutty prepared of each two drams Pearl finely poudered half a dram Camphire half a scruple Opium five grains Butter as much as will be sufficient to make an Oyntment according to art for to be applied to the corners of the Eyes and the Eye-lids The second is John Cratoes which is set down in his Physical Counsels gathered by Laurence Scholzius Cons 6. thus Take Butter made in May if you can get it or other that is fresh and well worked or the marrow of an Ox or Deers Shank and mix therewith as much of the fine pouder of Lapis Calaminar is as it will receive make an Oyntment The third is from Paenotus in denario thus made Take of Tutty prepared one ounce and an half Camphire one dram Verdegreece twelve grains Beat the Tutty with the Camphire together in a Mortar the Verdegreece by its self all very sine Then take of fresh Butter one ounce Rose water one dram boyl them gently together and then take them from the fire and first put in your Camphire with your Tutty then your Verdegreece by degrees stir them very well and reserve them in a glass Make an Oyntment and strain it through a Sarsenet anoint the inside of the Eye-lids especially about the corners and the Patient will soon recover This is a most approved Medicine against Inflamations both with matter and dry against itching of the Eyelids and weeping There is another very good though sharp and therefore must be only applied to the Eye-lids it is thus made And when al have failed this hath cured the most desperate Ophthalmy namely Of May Butter and Juyce of Tobacco boyled to an Oyntment which must be applied the Eye-lids being closed and in a darkroom as soon as the Patient opens his Eyes it will begin to bite and will certainly cure In the height of the disease you must apply more resolving than repelling Medicines therefore they which were prescribed in the encrease of it are good in the height or state of it if you encrease the quantity of the Resolvers and diminish the Repellers But especially these two following Oyntments may be used not only in the state and height but in the declination to the perfect cure of the Disease First Fomentations to discuss the matter are good in the height of the Disease made thus Take of the flowers of Chamomel Melilot and Roses of each one pugil Foenugreek seeds prepared as before shewed two drams Make a Decoction with which foment the Eyes with four-double clouts This is good in the end of the encrease and the beginning of the state of the Disease and in Winter you must use it hot in Summer only warm In the end of the state and declination you must make a more resolving Fomentation which is done by adding to the former Ingredients the Leaves of Eyebright Marjoram Bettony and a
little white Wine The best and rarest Secret fro the Cure of an Ophthalmy is made of the Oyl which cometh from Linnen burnt between two close dishes one drop of which mixed with the spittle of a Child must be dropped into the Eye with a Feather In the declination not only the Remedies afore mentioned but also Waters more resolving are to be used as thus Take of Frankinsence and Aloes of each half a dram Sarcocol washed with Breast-milk one dram and an half Saffron half a scruple the Mucilage of Foenugreek half an ounce Fennel and Eyebright Water of each one ounce and an half Make a Collyrium But if you wil dry more and also digest Take of Sarcocol one dram and an half Tutty prepared one dram Aloes one scruple Mirrh half a scruple the Mucilage of Foenugreek half an ounce Vervain and Celondine Water of each one ounce Make a Collyrium In a defluxion which comes of flegm you may use strong Resolvers not only in the declination but also in the state and encrease of the Disease very confidently Moreover In the declination Authors do set down two special Remedies namely The use of Wine and Baths which first were delivered by Hippocrates Aph. 31. Sect. 6. in these words Drinking of Wine or Baths or a Fomentation or Blood-letting or a Potion do take away pains in the Eyes Galen in his Commentary thereon distinguisheth the Case and the Time in which these Remedies are good which we have explained as to Blood-letting Fomentations and Purging But Galen in the place cited cap. 22. lib. 13. meth teacheth that Baths are then good when an Ophthalmy 〈…〉 of sharp humors and when the body is sufficiently clensed by purging and bleeding because they qualifie the sharpness of humors and stayes their motion and defluxion the chiefest part 〈◊〉 them being sent forth by insensible transpiration and that which remaineth of the Chollerick huâ—mor is easilier overcome by nature Galen also commends a Bath in a Flegmatick Ophthalmy alwayes using before Evacuations necessary because the thick humors fastened in the Eyes are extenuated by Baths and so are easily discussed So Galen in the same place saith That the drinking of pure Wine is good for those who have thick blood in the veins of their eyes and have not gross or phlegmatick bodies because Wine doth dissolve diffuse and discuss the thick blood and also openeth obstructions For the taking away of the remainder of Redness and Inflamation make this Fomentation following Take of the Leaves of Eyebright and Pennyroyal of each one handful the Flowers of Chamomel Melilot and red Roses and of Oaten chaff of each one pugil Foenugreek-seed three drams Fennel-seed one dram make a Decoction adding in the end a little white Wine foment the Eye with this dipping therein linnen Cloaths or with bags being half filled with the aforesaid ingredients Fennel watter alone mixed with astringent wine is a good Fomentation to discuss the reliques and to strengthen the eyes An Egg boyled hard and the shel taken off and cut in the middle laid hot to the eye takes away the remainder of redness So doth a Fomentation made only of the Decoction of Hysop An old Ophthalmy requires another and longer way of Cure and is somtimes very troublesom to a Physitian because he can hardly hinder a delicate and noble part from receiving a defluxion by which it hath been long weakned Moreover This Disease is not only nourished by defluxion but by congestion whereby there is destemper brought into the part which also is hard to cure But for the Cure of it you must first observe whether the Disease come not from a hot Distemper of the Liver as often it doth and then you must first administer such things as amend that And chiefly after convenient Purging and Bleeding Baths are good Whey and Mineral waters of Vitriol as also Horsleeches applyed to the Hemorrhoids But if the matter of the Disease come only from the distemper of the Brain through which watery Humors flow to the eyes being mixed with some blood then you must fal to purging the head with ordinary Pills twice thrice or four times in a month after you have given universal Medicines as Apozemes or the like which you may make according to our description in the cure of cold Diseases of the Head If the aforesaid Purges with other Medicines now prescribed do not prevail you must use Mercurial Purges as the most excellent by way of intermission Moreover a Cautery applied to the hinder part of the head is very profitable to divert the humor flowing Instead whereof you may apply a Seton to the Neck behind with better success to them who can endure it A Vesicatory applied to the fore-part of the Head as Forestus reports Obs 11. lib. 11. did a wonderful cure upon an Old Woman with sore eyes But Rondoletius sayes That a Cautery applied to the Coronal Suture is better than to any other part Masticatories are profitable for the deriving of the Defluxion but not Errhins because they are applied so neer the part affected that they may draw humors to it But if the Brain doth seem to want drying you must have recourse to your sweating diet drink of China Saria and the like To these you may ad Topicks which resolve and strengthen the eyes such as are Fomentations and Unguents before mentioned for the state and declination of the Disease which also are excellent for old Ophthalmies nor must you forget the washing of the eyes as above mentioned with Fennel-water and red Wine to take away the remainder of the redness and to strengthen the eyes every morning For which purpose also Take of the best Aloes and of Tutty prepared of each six drams white Sugar one ounce Rose-water and mild white wine of each six ounces set them in the Sun fourty dayes in a glass well stopt put some drops of this water not strained into the Eyes Or Take of white Wine three pints Rose-water half a pint Tutty prepared three drams poudered Cloves one dram Camphire half a dram mix them in a glass close stopt and shake them for two hours and set in the Sun one whole month remembering every day a little before Sun-setting to take it out of the air and never bring it forth till the Sun is risen two or three drops of this water strained by filtration must be put into the Eye before he go to sleep or in the morning one or two hours before he rise This takes away the oldest redness it dryes up weeping and Fistulaes it consumes al superfluous moistures upon the outward membranes and quickens the sight This also following is excellent Take of Wheat two handful poudered Salt one handful put them in a Copper Vessel and put white Wine to them two fingers breadth above them cover the Vessel and let them stand in the shade six or seven dayes till the liquor turneth green stirring them often with a wooden Spatula after pour off
there comes a roughness or inequality in the part which while the Nourishing Faculty labors to make equal it fills with blood and begets a preternatural encrease or covereth it with a Skin And because many Excrements do use to flow to an Eye disordered therefore the Haw is not bred of pure Blood but of many Excrements also whence arise many sorts of Haws Because Some are Hard others Soft some White some Red some Yellow some Brown others are easily separated from the Adnata and Cornea others stick fast some are simple and without Malignity others are Cancerous and filthy The Diagnosis or Knowledge of this Disease is known by what is said also the Causes namely The Humors of which it is made may be known by their Colour for a Red Haw comes of pure Blood a Yellow of Choller a White of Flegm a Dark and Black one of Melancholly As to the Prognostick This Disease is scarcely to be Cured and that in a long time because sharp Medicines which are proper for to eate it away cannot be used but by degrees by reason of the exquisite sense of the Eyes If the Eye Affected grow smaller it is an evil sign for it argueth the Debility of the part A new Haw and smal may be Cured with Medicines but an over-grown old and one covering the black of the Eye cannot but by Chirurgery A Haw which is thick turn'd out stretcht forth hard and black cannot be Cured for it is of a Cancerous nature The Cure is to be by the Antecedent and Conjunct Cause In respect of the Antecedent first good Diet is to be enjoyned such as is mentioned in other Diseases of the Eyes from Fluxes Also the afore-mentioned Evacuations and Revulsions may here be used namely Purgations Bleeding Cupping Vesicatories and the like And when the Body is sufficiently Purged we must come to Topicks which may Consume the Haw Beginning first with Mild such as were they which we spake of in Curing of the Spots in the Eye called Phlyctaenae which not prevailing we must use stronger which are frequent in Authors Forestus commends this following Take of the juyce of Fennel four ounces the juyce of Celandine three ounces the juyce of Rue two ounces the juyce of Mallows two ounces and an half Aloes one dram Vitriol two scruples Verdugreese one scruple Ginger and Cinamon of each half a scruple the Gall of an Eel half an ounce the Gall of an Ox or Hog two drams Sugar Candy two scruples Let the juyces boyl with the rest and then clarifie it and make a Collyrium This also is by him Commended Take of Blood-stone two drams white Vitriol and Verdegreece calcined of each three drams Myrrh and Saffron of each one dram Long Pepper half a dram Sugar Candy half an ounce Pouder them very fine and mix with one dram of this Pouder two drams of radish-Radish-water and apply twice or thrice in a day as the Patient can endure it Before you use these Remedies you must Foment the part with an Emollient Decoction which you must do also afterwards to asswage the pain Among the Mildest this following is best Take of Cuttle Bone one scruple Sugar Candy one dram Vitriol half a scruple Tutty Prepared half a Dram Mix them and make a fine Pouder to lay upon the Haw If it cannot be taken off with these Topicks you must fall to Chirurgery and taking up the Vngula with a Hook at the bottom or root draw a double Thred through it with a Needle then laying it down close on both sides beneath cut it off with your Cissours as is more at large shewed by Celsus Paulus Aetius Jerom ab Aquapendente in their Chirurgery and by others Having made Incision lay on a little Lint dipped in Rose-water and the white of an Egg to asswage pain and hinder Inflamation And Lastly you may Heal it up with drying Medicines as Collyriums of Tutty Frankinsence Aloes the white Troches of Rhasis and the like The End of the Second Book THE THIRD BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Ears The PREFACE THe Ears as Galen sheweth in 1. de symp caus cap. 2. have divers Diseases similary organick and common which because they are not to be known but by their Symptomes I determine to reduce them into a Series of Symptomes The symptoms in the Ears either are such as come from the Action hurt or the fault of the Excrements The Action is hurt either in the Ear alone or in all instruments of Sence The Action proper to the Ear namely Hearing is hurt by being abolished or diminished and depraved It is abolished by Deafness diminished by thickness of Hearing depraved by a noise in the Ears The Action common to all the Instruments of Sence is Feeling by which they are subject to pain The fault in the Excrement is seen by all those things which come preternatur ally out of the Ear. So this whol Book hath four Chapters The first is of Deafness and thick Hearing The second of noise in the Ears The third of pain in the Ears The fourth of those things which preternaturally come forth of the Ears Chap. 1. Of Deafness and thick or dull Hearing WEE comprehend Deafness and thick Hearing in one Chapter because they come of the same Causes differing only in Degrees so that when they are great they take the Hearing quite away when less they diminish it And both these are called vulgarly Deafness for they who cannot hear any but such as speak very loud are called deaf folk But Surditas properly or Deafness is called in Greek Cophosis when the Hearing is totally gone so that the Patient either heareth no noise or if he do he cannot distinguish it These are often dumb if they are born so not only because men learn to speak by Hearing but by reason of the great consent that is between the Instruments of Hearing and Speaking by the Nerve of the fifth Conjugation whose chief Branches are brought to the Ears but some of them reach to the Tongue and Throat whence â—â— is that when the inner Ear is pulled there is a cough raised and the reason is plain for they who are born deaf if they had their Instruments of Speech corrupted would by a Natural instinct send forth some Articulate voyce as other Creatures although they are kept from their birth from other Creatures of the same kind so that they never hear them yet they produce their connatural voyce but men born deaf never sent forth an articulate voyce but only a confused sound which argueth a manifest hurt of those parts which serve for Speech Now the hurt of those parts is chiefly from humidity which affecting that Nerve which goeth to the Ears Tongue and Throat must needs hinder both Speech and Hearing Thick Hearing is called in Greek Baruecoia and they who are so hear difficultly and understand not what men say except they speak very loud Others cannot hear so wel and not
each one ounce Mixthem and put them hot into the Ears Or Take of the Oyl of white Lillies and Castor of each one ounce the Oyl of Dill half an ounce white Hellebore half a dram Aqua vitae one ounce Boyl them in Balneo Mariae till the Aqua vitae be consumed strain them for the use aforesaid Or Take of Cypress Roots Bay-berries Annis and Cummin seed poudered of each one dram Pouder of Castor half a dram Oyl of Rue as much as will be sufficient Mix them and put them into a great hellow Onion roast it and strain out the Liquor to be dropped into the Ears Chymical Oyls work most powerfully as Oly of Rosemary Marjoram Sage Fennel Spike Cloves which are too strong to be used alone therefore you must mix a very smal quantity of any of them with the Medicines mentioned thus Take of the Oyls aforesaid two ounces Oyl of Spike Fennel Cloves or the like half a dram oâ— a dram Mix them There are also some Waters which if dropped into the Ears do much good Some Authors commend the Water of an Ash which is made by putting one end of a green Ash into the fire and taking the water out of the other end this is best when deafness cometh of a hot cause and you fear to use hot Medicines But if not then you may mix as much Aqua vitae therewith Mathiolus mixeth this Water with Juyces and commends it highly in these words We know that the Water which â—â—mes out of Ash when it is burnt mixed with the Juyce of Sowbread Squils and Rue in equal â—â—rts warmed together to be excellent against Deafness if it be dropped into the sound Ear when the Patient goeth to bed and lieth upon that Ear which is Deaf but when both Ears are deaf then into that which is least affected The Spirit of Wine wherein white Hellebore hath been infused being dropped into the deaf Ear is very efficacious Others commend the clarified juyce of Ivy mixed with strong white Wine The Galls of Beasts as of Hairs Goats Partridges are much commended if they be used fresh with an equal portion of Honey and warmed in the shell of an Onion The fat dripping of an Eel is much used Put a great Eel upon a Spit and take the dripping upon Bay Leaves and drop it warm into the Ears Zechius commends Ants Egs in these words Ants Egs mixed with the Juyce of an Onion and dropped into the Ear do cure the oldest Deafness The Blood of a yong Wolf dropped hot into the Ears doth the same Lastly If the Disease be so stubborn that it will not yield to the Medicines prescribed it will not be amiss to use the last Remedy which is prescribed by Fonseca consult 58. tom 2. namely an Unction with Quick-silver because when Deafness cometh of the French Pox it is so cured and it may be when it comes otherwise and the reason is because Quick-silver doth dissolve and discuss â—ard tumors when they are gathered upon any part and therefore when flegm is gathered in the Ears which no other means can dissolve Quick-silver may dissolve it But this Remedy must not be tried but in a desperate condition for it is doubtful what the event wil be and the Unction with Quicksilver doth much weaken the Brain and cause defluxions So that some who have been cured of the Pox by Quick-silver have after fallen deaf by defluxions although somtimes as I said deafness coming of the French Pox is cured thereby and Quick-silver rightly used after due Purgation doth â—o hurt to the Brain This you must alwaies observe in the use of Topicks That you never put cold things but warm into â—he Ears and you must not dress them till the old Medicine be taken out And after dressing you must â—top the Ear with Cotton Muskified for that only conduceth much to the Cure as Forestus saith Obs 15. lib. 12. in these words A woman of Delf after a long disease fell deaf which after sufficient â—urging abstained from Physick at length she was perswaded by an old woman to put a grain or â—wo of Musk into her Ears with a little Cotton and so doing she was wonderfully cured I have â—ured many the same way whose Ears have run Chap. 2. Of Noise in the Ears THe sence of Hearing is hindered by noise in the Ears for as the Eyes must be void of all colors that they may truly perceive the colors of all Objects and when they have a preternatural coâ—or as in the Jaundice the sight is depraved so the Ears must have no sound in themselves that they â—ay more distinctly receive al other sounds and if there be any noise in them the Hearing is depraâ—ed This is called in Greek Paracousis in Latin Obauditio vulgarly a noise in the Ears This comes from a preternatural motion of the Air which is naturally contained in the Ears for â—s Aristotle saith Though the natural Air in the Ear do move yet the noise is not heard except you â—top the Ears with the hollow of your hand or the like for then the hearing is more inward when â—he outward air is kept out This is seen by Experience when one stoppeth his Ears and holds the â—andle of an Instrument in his teeth the sound wil be four times greater than when his Ears are open â—or it passeth through the moutth there is a Natural Motion of air in the Ear by the Spiritus Acouâ—â—ico continually working But if it be too violently moved then there is a preternatural noise in â—he Ear which hindereth the hearing The Causes are many of this preternatural Motion but chiefly a vapor or wind sent from other â—arts into the Ear or bred there either coming from the whol body or from some peculiar part In Feavers it comes from the whol body whence Hippocrates saith in Coacis A noise in the â—ead coming in an acute Disease is deadly for it cometh of wind sent by the Arteries from the whol â—ody into the Ears it useth to come chiefly in the beginning of a fit and before bleeding Wind is â—lso sent to the Ear from a peculiar part namely the Stomach Liver Spleen Midriff Womb and â—he like whence it comes to pass that in great Vomitings in Hypochondriack Melancholly and â—â—ts of the Mother there is for the most part a noise in the Ears Often there is a wind sent from the â—ead coming of a cold flegm through want of heat to the Ears by the Veins and Arteries and the â—erves of the fifth Conjugation by which passages also vapors come from the inferior parts Wind is bred in the Ear also of flegm contained therein whence it comes to pass that thick Hearing is alwaies accompanied with a noise in the head For by the humor there is a stoppage from whence comes deafness and from the wind that proceeds from that humor comes the none There are other causes of this noise as a great stroak upon the head a
which the hot distemper of the whol Body with the Liver in which Choller is made is amended Then purge the Humor with proper Medicines You may amend the hot distemper of the Liver with Juleps or cooling Broths with Whey of Goats milk with sharp Vitriolat Mineral Waters with hot Baths and the like And lastly All things are proper for it which are prescribed in the Cure of the Head from a hot cause But you may use cooling Topicks and Anodines that take away pain which we shall shew afterwards concerning the Inflamation Inflamation of the Ear is cured first by blood-letting according to the quantity of the humor for revulsion of it from the Ears first having given an emollient and cooling Clyster This must be done in great quantity at divers times for the greatness and violence of the Disease requires it You must open the Head Vein on that side the Ear is that is pained If you think it comes from stoppage of Terms or Hemorrhoids open the lower Veins first having let blood in the Arm. When the cause is not from thence it will do good for revulsion to apply Leeches Also you make good Revulsions by Frictions and Ligatures of the Arms and Thighs by cupping the Shoulders and Back with Scarrification or without Somtimes for Derivation it is good to apply Cupping glasses behind the Ears with Scarrification as Zacutus Lucitanus teacheth Obser 64. lib. 1. Praxis Admirandae in these words The Divine old man in his second Book Epid. Sect. 6. towards the end saith thus For pain in the Ear clap on a Cupping glass This worthy saying gave much help to a poor man which was in pain and when al things failed and he grew weak with watching and mad with a continual Feaver being ready to depart having opened a Vein and applied Cupping glasses to the Shoulders and Neck and taken revelling Clysters and purging and the like as also Anodines into his Ear without any profit he was cured only with a Cupping glass with Scarification applied by the Glandles of the Ears which drew much blood and took away the inflamation The same Zacutus Lucitanus in Praxi ad Historiâ—s commends four Hors-leeches applied behind the Ears which he saith gave much ease to a yong man which had a violent inflamation in his Ears The cutting of the Arteries in the Temples of the Forehead doth produce rare effects for the appeasing of the greatest pain in the Ears by taking away the hot and windy blood which produced that grievous symptome The way of doing it is set down by us in the Cure of the hot Head-ach A Purge against Choller is good for so the Choller mixed with Blood which by it is made so fluid is drawn down and sent forth Afterwards the whol mass of humors is to be tempered with cooling Juleps made of the Decoction of Lettice Purslain Plantane Sorrel and the like with Syrup of Lemmons Pomegranats or wild Poppies In the mean while these Medicines are given you must alwaies apply Topicks which must alwaies be Anodine by reason of the vehemency of the pain the mitigation whereof must be your chief intent and this will be more rationally done if in the beginning and the encrease of the Disease you mix things that do gently repel but in the state and declination things that resolve such as these following Take of new Breast-milk two ounces the white of an Egg beaten to Water half an ounce drop these mixed together warm into the Ear. Or Milk alone squirted into the Ear from the Breast this doth much asswage Take Plantane and Nightshade of each one handful the flowers of Chamomel and Melilot of each one pugil Make a Decoction and let the Patient receive the fume thereof into his Ear by a Funnel Take of the Oyl of Water-lillies and Roses of each one ounce Mix them and drop thereof into the Ear after the fume * Called â— Châ—sâ—ip or Kitchinbob with many feet which being touched gathereth it self round like a ball Sows infused in the aforesaid Oyls and strained are the best Anodines for these Creatures have especial force to appease pain and therefore are used in the toothach hemorrhoids and the like or take them asive and boyl them with Water in the Oyls til the Water be consumed If the burning be very violently you may mix cooling Juyces with the aforesaid Oyls thus Take of the Oyl of Water-lillies and Roses of each one ounce the Juyce of Nightshade and Plantane of each half an ounce Mix them and drop thereof into the Ear. Rose Vinegar is used of some Practitioners made of two parts of Oyl of Roses and one part of Vinegar which ought to be suspected as al strong repelling Medicines for there wil be danger lest the humor flowing thither should return to the Brain and it is a general Precept alwaies to be observed That you never lay repelling Medicines to inflamations which are neer unto noble parts but you may mix gentle Repellers with Anodines and Relaxers for â—o they wil moderately repress the Defluxion nor will they drive it far back Such are the afore mentioned to which you may ad this following Take of the Oyl of Roses and Water-lillies of each one ounce and an half Rose and Plantane Water of each half an ounce Breast-milk one ounce the Mucilage of the Seeds of Fleabane and Quinces drawn with Rose water of each six drams mix them Put some drops thereof warm into the Ears and bind clouts dipped in the same Liquor about the Ears In vehement pain we are constrained to fly to Narcoticks or Stupifactives but you must use them seldom and with much care because they offend the Brain Galen saith 3. de comp med sec loc I knew one who only with the use of Opium took away both speech and sence from his Patient that he could be cured neither with Opobalsam nor any other hot Medicine injected Therefore if necessity constrain thus they are to be prescribed Take of Oyl of Poppy-seeds one ounce and an half Camphire and Opium of each two grains mix them and drop them into the Ear. Take of the Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces the Juyce of Mallows half an ounce Myrrh half a dram Saffron half a scruple Opium three or four grains mix them for the use aforementioned In applying of Topicks the Rule of Galen is diligently to be observed which is in lib. 3. comp medic sec loc cap. 1. that an inflamed Ear be not touched but let the Medicines be injected by an instrument for to see into the Ear or a Probe armed with lint and dipt in the Medicines Then that you ask the Patient if he feel it warm and if he can endure it hotter and let it be used so hot as he can suffer You must put the Probe so armed gently into the Hole of the ear that the Medicine may soak from it into the ear you must do thus till the passage of the ear be â—illed with
Nose because like those of the Fundament This flesh is soft somtimes white somtimes red and blew and if it grow big it hangeth out of the Nose but if it grow in the highest part of the Nose it somtimes hangeth down to the Pallat and stops the common passages and may easily be seen behind the Uvuâ—a In Southernly weather and at the full Moon it is much swelled But in a Northernly dry time and at new Moon it is leâ—s It differs from Sarcoma in this Sarcoma groweth chiefly in the lowest part of the Nose where it is â—â—â—shy but Pol pus grows in the highest part by the Root of the Nose The Cause of both is a gross slimy humor coming from the Brain mixed with blood somtimes with melancholly and then you may fear a Cancer Sarcoma oâ—ten cometh from the supâ—râ—luous nourishment of the Nose turned into proud flesh and therefore is more easily cured The knowledg of these Diseases is eaâ—ie by what hath been â—aid they being appâ—rent to the Eyes The Prognostick is thus made A Sarcoma is easily cured for the most part but Polypus hardly But that which is soft white or red or white and red is more easily cured but that which is hard and livid or blew is diâ—â—icultly cured and is like to be a Cancer Also that Polipus whicâ— groweth low or in the middle of the nostril is more curable than that which is rooted high because Remedies will not so well reach it Both are cured with the same Medicines which are to be â—o ordered that the superfluous flesh may be taken away but first you must remove the antecedent Cause that is the slimy humor which cometh from the Head which you must do by a drying and attenuating Diet general purging by Revulsion derivation and drying of the head all which may be done by those Remedies which are prescribed in the cure oâ— the cold distemper of the Brain being diâ—creeâ—ly used and although many Authors commend the Decoction of Guajacum with a drying diet you must take heed lest by so doing you mix the flegm with not humors and â—o it turn into a Cancer After this you must take off the superfluous flesh with Causticks or with Cissers made purposely and tâ—en cicatrize But in the beginning of this disease it may be cured with only strong dryers and astringents and constantly you must apply such kind of Medicines first before you come to stronger First of all try the Medicine made of the three sorts of Pomegranates prescribed by Galen lib. 3. de comp med sec loc cap. 3. thus Take three Pomegranates one sowr another sweet and the other of the middle sort let them be ripe bruise them in a â—ortar then take the Juyce and boyl it to a Limment dip a tent therein and often put it into the Nose This dryeth and astringeth without sharpness and consumeth the Excrement This following Water doth it more powerfully Take of unripe Grapes three pound Pomegranate peels and flowers and Sumach of each two pound macerate them in Vineger and distil them then put to it Allum one pound Vitriol three ounces then distil them all together again and touch the part affected often with that Water If these things will not do you must uâ—e stronger by putting Sandarach and Orpiment to the aforesaid Water Or you may mix the Spirit of Vitriol or the Water for separating Gold commonly called the second Water with Plantane Water and touch the Polypus often therewith Or with the Mercury Water prescribed in the Cure of the Ulcer in the Nose Or you may put in a tent dipped in the juyce of Cuckoo-pintle roots and if it be too sharp mix it with Plantane Water Mercury Precipitate which is red is accounted the best Medicine to consume proud flesh without pain if it be often washed This Pouder is to be mixed with Honey of Roses and applied with a â—ent There are also Plaisters of the same vertue to consume a Polypus without pain as this Take the Emplaister de Mucilaginibus half an ounce the pouder of Savin two drams Incorporate them and put thereof into the Nostrils Or Take of Verdegreece Orpiment Vitriol and Allum of each one ounce and an half Antimony six drams Steep them in Vinegar then beat them fine then dry them thus beaten and steeped eight times let them be steeped in Plantane Water and then dried Then take of Oyl of Roses four ounces Litharge two ounces Boyl them and about the conclusion ad two drams of the said pouder Make a stiff Plaister thereof of which make tents In the use of Causticks first you must observe that before they be applied you defend the Nostrils with the cooling Oyntment of Galen or with Nutritum or Populeon or white of an Eg beaten with Oyl of Roses and the like Secondly lest the Causticks should hurt the Nostrils they must be applyed through a silver pipe so that it may compass the Polipus and the Medicines may be conveyed to it without touching the Nostrils Thirdly You must observe that these Medicines are to be used in the decrease of the Moon for the tumor then is less and therefore Medicines may easily be conveyed to the root Lastly If Polypus cannot be taken off with Medicines you must come to Chyrurgery or Manual operation which is described in Paulus Aegineta Cornelius Celsus Jerom Fabricius de Aquapendente and other Modern Writers Chap. 3. Of the loss of Smelling THe Sence of Smelling is hindered and hurt three waies as other Actions are that is by diminishing abolishing and depraving The Causes are the same that diminish and abolish the Smelling only they differ in degrees namely distemper obstruction and astriction A cold and moist distemper joyned with flegm as it can easily make any sence dull so doth it especially hinder the Smelling or abolish it hence it is that the Smelling is often hurt when there is a Catarrh or a Coryza for cold doth either diminish or abolish the sence because it doth dull and weâ—ken the Natural heat which is the producer of every action Obstruction comes also from flegm which fills the sensible Passages as the Nostrils and also the insensible as the pores of the Brain and the processus of the Temples called Mamillares so that the scents and smels cannot come to the parts it may also come of a Sarcoma Polypus or other cause filling and stopping the Nostrils Astriction somtimes may come from flegm gathered in the fore part of the Brain and compressing the Processus Mamillares as we said of the diminishing of sight from the astriction of the Optick Nerves This astriction may also come from the Natural shape of the Nostrils when they are so straight that there is no free passage for the Scents The Cause of Smelling depraved is a stink alwaies coming to the Nostrils either from an Ulcer there or from stinking flegm in the Nostrils and Os Etâ—moides for those things which putrifie either in the very sence
of the Syrup of Hysop Take of the Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn without fire six ounces Sugar Candy two ounces Mix them for a Lambitive Or Take of candied Elicampane three drams Sugar-candy half an ounce Syrup of Hysop and Horehound of each one ounce ammoniacum dissolved in Aqua vitae half a dram Mix them for a Lohoch Or Take of Conserve of Violets and Elicampane of each six drams the pouder of the Electuary Diatragacanth frigid Diaireos Solomonis of each one dram Syrup of Violets and Maidenhair of each as much as will make a Lohoch Take of Althaea Roots one pound Elicampane four ounces Quinces or Marmalet thereof sixteen ounces boyl them in Water till they are dry Beat them and strain them adding two pints of Honey boyl them again gently Take them from the fire and ad of Cinnamon one dram flower of Brimstone half an ounce Liquor is perfumed with Musk and Rose water two drams Make a soft Electuary of which let him hold now and then as much as a Hazel nut in his mouth 't is also very good to take half an ounce thereof morning and evening when the fit is off Also you must anoint the Breast with Mollifying and discussing Oyntments and Liniments thus made Take of the of Oyl of Chamomel Flowerdeluce and sweet Almonds of each half an ounce fresh Hens grease one dram the Pouder of Marsh-mallow roots and Flowerdeluce of each one dram the meal of Linseed and Foenugreek of each two drams Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Wine one dram and an half Wax as much as is sufficient Make a Liniment Or Take of the Mucilage of the seeds of Quinces Line and Foenugreek drawn with Scabious and Coltsfoot Water of each six drams the Pouder of Flower deluce root and Hysop of each half an ounce Saffron one scruple Oyl of Lillies and sweet Almonds of each two ounces Wax as much as will make a Liniment If the fit be long clap a Vesicatory to the hinder part of the head Out of the fit you must stop the Defluxion and also cut clense and expectorate that which hath fallen into the Lungs For staying the defluxion all those Remedies are good which were mentioned in the cure of the cold Catarrh But you must take a Caution concerning some of them First In Apozems Syrups or the like you must not make them two hot and dry which by consuming of the thin parts may make the remainder thicker and so the Disease will be worse But you must rather mix moisteners as Raisons Figs Liquoris Jujubes Secondly Instead of Head Medicines you must use things fit for the Breast above mentioned Thirdly For the Derivation of the Humors that abounds in the Head use Errhines Sternutatories Gargarisrus ar Apophlegmatisms Which last are not so proper by reason of the neerness of the part by which the humor runs to the Luâ—gs But Errhines and Sternutatories may be used safely Fourthly To strengthen the Head and dry it Fumigations are there commended which are not so proper in this especially if taken in at the mouth and nostrils because they make the breath shorter and bring the fit But with them you may air the Patients Caps without from the Chamber For to clense and expectorate the thick Humors that stick to the Bronchia of the Lungs the Medicines already mentioned or these following may be used Take of Elicampane root and Polypody of the Oak of each half an ounce the Leaves of Origan Calamints Hysop Savory Maidenbair Scabious and Coltsfoot of each one handful the seeds of Marsh-mallows and Cotton and Carthamus of each three drams Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each six drams Jujubes Sebestens and fat Figs of each five make a Decoction to a pint and a quarter of Hydromel dissolve in the straining a pound and a quarter of white Sugar make a Syrup well boyled for a Lambitive You may make a better and cheaper Syrup thus Take of Elicampane Roots three drams Spanish Tobacco one dram infuse them a whol nighâ— in six ounces of Aqua Vitae in the morning strain them and ad of the best Sugar four ounces stir it well upon the fire and ad of the syrup of Erysimum or Coltsfoot two ounces Oyl of Sulphuâ— as much as will make it sharp make a Lohoch These following are proper for to unstuffe and cleer the Lungs Take of Ammoniacum and Bdellium dissolved in Vinegar of Squills of each half an ounce Flower of Brimstone three drams the leaves of Coltsfoot and dryed Savory poudered Diaireos simple of each half a dram with syrup of Hysop and Oximel of Squills make a mass of Pills of a dram whereof make six Pills and let him take three of them two hours before supper twice in a week Or Take of Aloes Succatrine half an ounce Myrrh and Ammoniacum of each half a dram Saffron half a scruple Flower of Brimstone half a dram with the syrup of Coltsfoot make a mass of Pills of which let him take a dram two hours afore dinner for some dayes Let the Water which is taken out of a hollow Briony Root be distilled in Balneo Mariae to eight ounces whereof mix half an ounce of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur let him take every day a spoonful fasting Take of Tobacco Leaves Hysop white Horehound and Maiden-hair of each two handfuls the Roots of Flower-de-luce and Liquoris of each half an ounce boyl them to a pint and an half dissolve in the straining of white Sugar one pound of the best Honey half a pound make a syrup well boyled clarified and perfumed with a little Saffron and Cinnamon let him take a spoonful or two every morning The Oximel and Syrup of Tobacco invented by Quercetan prescribed in his Dispensatory is of the same vertue The Tincture of dry Tobacco is drawn with Aqua Vitae a little thereof mixed with Honey and that held in the Mouth as big as a Pease or Bean swallowing it by degrees this draws Flegm in abundance from the Stomach and Lungs Hogs Lice called Millepedes or Aselli in number twelve put into a linnen Cloth are to be steepâ— in white Wine and then strained and so given to be drunk and do in a short time clense the Lungs Oleum Sacchari doth powerfully disâ—olve thick glutinous Humors in the Lungs and causeth expectoration But the Compound Oyl following is best Take of the Roots of Flower-de-luce and Elicampane poudered of each half an ounce the Pulp of Dates and Raisons of each three drams Citron and Orange peels of each one dram and an half Benjamin two drams Saffron one dram infuse them two dayes in the spirit of Wine well rectified then take of the liquor by inclination dissolve as much Sugar Candy poudered as you can therein then fire the spirit of Wine stirring them continually till it comes to a liquor as thick Oyl then mix as much Oyl of Sulphur as will sharpen iâ— A Decoction of Red Coleworts taken many dayes with a little
still the pain and weight in the side is most dangerous For it signifieth a very crude disease which will either shortly kill or be long in cure If the spitting begin with the first or within three daies it signifieth the disease will be short but if it begin late it will be long Hipp. Aph. 1. Sect. 5. Yellow Choller mixed with flegm or a little blood appearing in the beginning of the disease with much spittle is a sign of recovery Very bloody spittle is dangerous for it signifieth a ruption either of a Vein or of the flesh from whence we expect suppuration For it is thought that little blood doth breath through White glutinating and round spittle is evil for the clamminess comes from the siery heat which burneâ—h the matter Green and rustick spittle is evil but black worst of all For it signifies the greatest adustion or extinction of the Natural heat A plentiful spitting which doth not abate the pain and other symptomes is evil For it signifieth great plenty of matter A Pleurisie in old men women with child and in them that are Asthmatical or have twice or thrice had the same disease is dangerous Whosoever hath the disease in the side called Pleurisie and are not clensed of it in fourteen daies have an Empyema or collection of matter Aph. 8. Sect. 5. Others do extend it to the twentieth day A Diarrhoea or loosness coming upon a Pleurisie or Peripneumonia is evil Aph 16. Sect. 6. which we must understand of a Pleurisie in which there is so great an inflamation that the Liver and Stomach consent therewith or when the strength is so gone by the disease that the retentive faculty is almost spent But if the Pleurisie be not so great and be in a body full of evil humors the flux of the belly useth then to be healthful especially if any signs of concoction went before A Chollerick and plentiful vomiting in the beginning of a Pleurisie signifieth health to come For Nature being eased by that evacuation of Choller doth more easily overcome the disease If a Peripneumonia comes from a Pleurisie 't is evil Aph. 11. Sect. 7. For it is the translation of the matter to a more noble part If the pain in the Pleurisie and the Chollerick spitting go away without reason the Patient falls mad Hipp. 3. Prorrhet For the Choller is carried into the Head and then the urine looks thin and white A Pleurisie which followeth an old disease or is in a body of evil habit is dangerous Thick bodies used to exercise do soonest die of Pleurisies and Peripneumonia's as Hipp. in Coac And Experience teacheth us that almost all the Diggers taken with Pleurisies do die thereof Because such strong bodies fall not sick but upon some great cause and by reason of their thickness they cannot easily sweat so that the disease cannot breath forth They who in a Pleurisie have much noise in their Breast from the spittle and their countenance dejected with yellowness in their Eyes and mists in these death is to be expected Hipp. in Coac They who in Pleurisies have Chollerick tongues at the first are judged in seven daies but they who have not much Choller upon their tongue til the third or fourth day are judged about the ninth day For the Cure of a Pleuresie first the humor causing it is to be revelled derived and discussed and if it cannot wholly be discussed it must be digested maturated and expectorated as also the Feaver which is commonly essential to a Pleurisie and not alwaies symptomatical is to be cured by proper Medicines All which may be done by the following Remedies And first you must after a Clyster if the disease be not very violent open the Basilica on the same â—â—de but if it be violent give the Clyster afterwards You must bleed every day till the pain or feaver grow less nay somtimes twice in a day if the Pleuresie be very violent Hippocrates in his 2. lib. deratione victus in acutis Text. 10. gave an excellent rule to posterity most profitable in practice That blood be let till the color of it change For if at the first or second time â—t appear crude flegmy or watery it is to be continued every day somtimes twice a day till it appear red or yellowish But if it appear red in the beginning you must bleed so often till it become livid or black for that will signifie that the last blood came from the part affected or the neighbor Veins which is altered by the part inflamed and of crude is made red or of red black or blew by adustion Although the observation of that Rule bring commonly good success yet somtimes you must not expect that change of color but desist from bleeding namely when the strength is little or the Patient is of a thin habit of body easily dissolved or the weather very hot And although blood-letting is excellent in the beginning of the Disease yet if it be omitted or done insufficiently you may open a Vein after the seventh ninth or eleventh day according to the Example of Hippocrates who in 3. Epidem opened a vein for Anaxion in the eighth day either because he was not sent for sooner or because that it was a most crude Pleurisie which will scarce concoct till the eleventh day But when he expectorateth freely then you must abstain from Phlebotomy which will stop his spitting and bring him in danger of his life But blood-letting is so necessary in the beginning of this Disease that it must never be omitted neither in old nor yong nor women with child in child-bed or having their terms unto all which Experience hath taught us that Phlebotomy is good in this Disease Yet you must observe some Rules in bleeding of women in Child-bed or having their Terms which you may find hereafter in the Fifteenth Book and the last Chapter concerning the Cure of acute Diseases in women that lie inn From the beginning of the disease twice or thrice in a day you must give cooling Juleps which restrain the heat and boyling of the humor and stop the defluxion thus made Take of Poppy Water four ounces Syrup of Violets or Poppies one ounce Sal prunella one dram Make a Julep After the first Phlebotomy let the side be anointed with this Liniment covering the part with greazy wool sewed into a linnen cloth Take of Oyl of Lillies Chamomel and sweet Almonds of each one ounce fresh Butter and Hens grease of each one ounce and an half Make a Liniment Many put Wax to these Liniments which is not good because it stoppeth the pores but the mucilaginous bodies do not because they cool and astringe In a malignant pestilential Pleurisie you may ad to your Liniments Oyl of Scorpions of Mathiolus or a little Treacle After the second bleeding you must apply this Fomenâ—ation made thus Take of Althaea roots and Lillies of each two ounces the Leaves of Mallows Violets and Pellitory of each one handful
Line and Fenugreek seeds of each one dram the flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder and Violets of each one pugil Boyl them together with which fomenâ— the side that is pained in a Hogs bladder After Fomentation apply the Liniment aforesaid to which in the progress of the Disease you may ad more dissolving Oyls as of Dill and Flowerdeluce as also the pouder of Flowerdeluce and Saffron And to the Fomentation ad discussing Herbs as Origan Calaminth Hyâ—op and the discussing seeds Many other Topicks are very profitable against Pleurisies which Authors relate as these First anoint the part with Oyntment of Marsh-mallows then lay on the pouder of Cummin seed or a Colewort Leaf heat at the fire and anointed with the same Faventinus mixeth the Oyntment of Althaea with Oyl of sweet Almonds and after he hath anointed sprinkles on the pouder of Cummin seeds and laieth on a Colewort Leaf and this he commends highly Also the Cataplasm following is very profitable Take the Residency or Ingredients of the Decoction above mentioned for a Fomentation beat them in a stone Morter adding of the Oyl of sweet Almonds Lillies and Chamomel of each two ounces Hens grease one ounce Barley and Bean flower of each as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasm Also a live Hen slit through the back and sprinkled with the pouder of Flowerdeluce roots being applied doth very well The Paunch of a Sheep laid hot to the part is a very good Anodine but the Lungs are better The Chymical Oyl of Wax being mixt with the Liniments asswageth pain and powerfully discusseth the matter Hot Bread from the Oven dipt in fresh Butter and applied doth very much dissolve the matter fixed to the side After he hath taken twice or thrice of the Julep aforesaid you may use Pectoral Juleps thus made Take of Barley one pugil Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce Jujubes twenty the four great cold Seeds of each three drams Bugloss and Violet flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and a quarter Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Violets and Jujubes of each two ounces Make a Julep for four doses to be taken morning and evening Or if the Feaver be very sharp and much watching you may make the Emulsions following Take of Almonds blanched and steeped in cold Water one ounce the four great cold seeds of each half an ounce Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each two drams beat them in a marbâ—â— morter powring on by degrees the Decoction of Barley and Liquoris one pint and an half strain it and dissolve in it Syrup of Violets three ounces Make an Emulsion for three doses to be taken morning and evening Some Practitioners in want of sleep give Narcoticks as Syrup of Poppies Philonium Romanum and Laudanum which are dangerous in this disease for they stop spitting and astringe and strengthen the Breast From whente often times comes sudden death But this must be understood of the whol dose of Narcoticks for given in a very smal quantity they do good in vehement pain a thin defluxion which causeth a Cough and in want of sleep In which cases I have often given one grain of Laudanum with good success and somtimes often But the use of this is most proper in the beginning of the disease for then the humor flowing to the part may be restrained and the encrease of the Disease hindered When the Cough is violent and Nature begins to evacuate by spirting let the Patient hold often in his mouth Sugar of Roses Sugar candy or Penides or the Tablets of Diatragacanth frigid Syrup of Violets and Jujubes Or this Eclegma following Take of Sugar candy and Penides of each one ounce the pouder of Diatragacanth frigid two drams Syrup of Violets and Jujubes of each as much as will make a Lohoch which let him take often with a Liquoris stick or make it of Butter Honey and Sugar of each equal parts the Oyl of Linseed or of sweet Almonds being fresh drawn without fire mixed with Sugar doth much help the Cough and pain in the Pleurisie especially if it be drunk in Broth or any other Decoction If the spittle be thick you must mix some attenuating and cutting Medicines as Syrup of Coksfoot Liquoris Oxymel simple pouder of Diaireos and the like You must take these lying with the face upwards for so they better go to the Lungs As the Disease encreaseth you may use this restoring Medicine to strengthen Take of Conserve of Violets one ounce Conserve of Borrage flowers and Bugloss roots of each half an ounce Confection of Alkermes two drams pouder of Diamargariton frigid and Diatragacanth frigid of each one dram Sugar of Roses as much as all the rest Make a Composition covered with Gold to be taken often with a spoon Purging is improper in a true Pleurisie except it be in the declination and then you may appoint this Take of Senna half an ounce Annis seeds one dram Bugloss and Maiden-hair of each half a handful Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each three drams the flowers of Bugloss and Violets of each one Pugil Boyl them to two ounces in the straining dissolve of Rhubarb infused in Scabious Water with a little yellow Sanders four scruples the best Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make of these a Potion In the whol time of the disease let him take Barley Water for his ordinary drink made with Liquoris Poppies and Maiden-hair and let not his drink be actually cold for it would hurt the Breast Wine in this Disease is Poyson and also all sharp things which provoke Coughing and by their astringency hinder spitting In the declination of the Disease after purging and when the Feaver is less if the pain continue you may apply to the part Cupping-glasses with Scarrification two daies together They may also be applied before the declination after often bleeding And if the pain still encrease and return you may again let blood and after Cup with Scarrification Zacutus Lusitanus having taken off the Cupping-glasses applied six Horsleeches with good success as he witnessed observ 104. lib. 1. Praxis admirandae For the same purpose to discuss the reliques of the matter having first tried Fomentations and Liniments you may apply with benefit the Emplaister of Brimstone and Bay-berries Besides vulgar Medicines there are some proper and specifical namely the shavings of a Boars Tusk the ashes of the Pizzle of a Bull or Deer the flowers of red Poppies or Corral prepared Quercetan in his Dispensatory commends an Apple made hollow and one dram of Frankinsence put therein and roasted which the Patient must eat and drink three ounces of Carduus Water after then cover himself warm and sweat He will have this Medicine used after the third day and affirmeth that many have been restored therewith The flowers of Box-tree do so much purge the Blood that if a dram of them in pouder be given with Poppy Water and a
long Diseases when it is so there is either a putriâ—action about the Ulcer or a great Inflamation both which are desperate The Cure of this Disease if it come from the distemper of other parts must be by the Cure of it But if it come only from a fault in the Stomach it is to be reduced to a hot or cold distemper joyned with matter A hot distemper is to be cured first by purging of Choller gently and often And this may be made of Rhubarb Myrobalans Tamarinds Syrup of Roses or of Succory with Rhubarb Or if the Patiâ—nt be subject to vomiting you must give him a gentle one The same Humor is to be altered with Juleps or cooling Broths in which you must not omit the Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur because all sharp things do not only allay Choller but provoke an apâ—etite Hence it is that we use Sallets in Summer to provoke appetite Or you may alter and purge this Humor at once with a convenient Apozeme to which for the Stomach ad half a handful of Sea Wormwood and half an ounce of Citron Myrobalans After Purging Marmalad of Quinces is good to strengthen the Stomach or the Syrup mixed with Syrup of Wormwood the Lozenges of Diamargariton frigid or Triasantalon or Diarrhodon â—bbatis if there be a suspicion of Obstruction Or this Opiate Take of Candied Lettice and Guords of each one ounce Conserve of Sorrel Roses Succory and Bugloss of each half an ounce red Sanders Coral and Pearl prepared of each half a dram â—he Troches of Spodium and Sorrel seeds of each one scruple With Syrup of Lemmons make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a smal Nut morning and evening drinking after a little Wine and Water Anoint the Stomach outwardly with this Oyntment Take of Oyl of Roses Myrtles and Quinces washed with Vinegar of Roses of each two ounces all the Sanders red Coral Coriander seed prepared and red Roses of each one dram grana Kerâ—nes and Spodium of each half a dram white Wax as much as is sufficient Make a Liniment with which anoint the Stomach with your warm hand only twice or thrice in a day putting in a little Rose Vinegar at the same time Or lay on a Rose Cake sprinkled with Rose Vinegar or steeped therein which you must remove before it groweth hot Lastly In the continuance of the Disease a Bath is good twice or thrice used by which many are brought to their former appetites Vinegar and all sharp things are good with their meat A loathing cometh from a cold distemper when flegmy melanchollick humors are gathered into the Stomach and hinder its office or being drawn from all other parts of the Body as in them who using to vomit draw the impurity of other parts to the Stomach or from the Brain Spleen and Mother and other parts In the Cure hereof you must first look at the distemper of the parts from whence they come which must be amended with Remedies laid down in their proper Chapters Then you must apply Medicines to the Stomach by Evacuation of the Humor offending and strengthening the parts Evacuation may be made by vomit or stool By Vomit If the Patient be Nauseous and easie to vomit with Medicines for that purpose But if the Humors be thick and fastened upon the Tunicles of the Stomach and the Patient is not used to vomit they must be purged especially with Pils because they stay longest in the Stomach as Galen sheweth cap. 7. lib. 4. de sanit tuenda Who exceedingly commends Pils of Hiera which may be given to two scruples or a dram in the morning two hours before meat and you may make them fresh thus Take of the best Aloes washed with the Juyce of Wormwood one ounce Agarick trochiscated two drams the pouder of Rhubarb sprinkled with white Wine one dram Nutmeg and Spicknard of each half a dram Salt of Tartar Mastich and Cinnamon of each one scruple With Syrup of Wormwood make a Mass of Pills of a dram whereof make six Pills guilded Let him take them in the morning if you will purge much or give half a dram two hours before dinner twice or â—hrice in a week They may be quickened with Diagridium if you will have them stronger If you fear the Liver is too hot you may mix cool things as red Roses Sanders Diamargariton and make up the Mass with Compound Syrup of Succory Strong Pills are not good because they wil draw humors from other Parts to the stomach If he cannot swallow Pills you must give him Hiera to drink with a convenient Liquor Or If a Potion shal be unpleasant make an infusion of Senna Myrobalans Rhubarb and Agarick in Wormwood Wine or the stomach Decoction dissolving in it a little of the Electuary of Citrons solutive if you wil make a stronger If this Disease comes from slow slimy Flegm before Purging you must dissolve it with Honey of Roses and Oxymel with syrup of Hysop and the like with a cutting and clensing Decoction Or This following Apozeme will do both Take of the Roots of common Acorus Cypress and Calamus Aromaticus of each one ounce dried Citron peels and Sarsa of each six drams Wormwood Mints Marjoram Germander and Chamaepitis or Ground-pine of each one handful Citron and Annis-seeds of each two drams Senna two ounces Carthamus-seeds bruised one ounce Agarick trochiscated three drams Dodder of Thyme or Epithimum Flowers Sage Rosemary and Lavender of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half in which dissolve of the Syrup of Wormwood and candied Citron-peels of each two ounces make a cleer Apozeme and scent it with a little Cinnamon and pouder of Aromaticum Rosatum for four mornings draughts in the first and last wherof you may dissolve for the better Purging three drams of the Solutive Electuary of Citrons with one scruple of the pouder of Rhubarb The use of Turpentine is good because it clenseth al the Bowels especially if you make it into Pills with Rhubarb It is not good to let blood in this Disease except the Liver be very hot After sufficient Purging you must come to Strengthning both Internally and Externally Thus Take of Syrup of Wormwood one ounce Let him Drink it Fasting many mornings or Wormwood-wine Take Conserve of Mints Citron peels candied and candied Mutmegs of each half an ounce one candied Myrobalane of Confectio Alkermes three drams the inward skins of Hensmaws poudered two drams Cinnamon and Aromaticum Rosatum of each one dram with syrup of Mints make an Opiate or candy them with sugar of Roses use it in the morning drinking after it a little Wine Salt of Wormwood is good to be put to the aforesaid Medicines Or Oyl of Mints Chymical Or Salt of Wormwood with Orange peels or either of them to half a dram in Wine or Broth. This following Syrup is most excellent Take of the syrup of Quinces and Citron Barks candied of each two ounces Cinnamon water
the same Seed be put into a cloth and often smelled to When the Disease is violent these Pills following are very good Take of Castor and Myrrh of each three drams Sal gem half an ounce Diagridium and Mastich of each one dram Agarick newly trochiscated three drams Aloes as much as all the rest make them with Juyce of Mints into a mass of one dram whereof make six Pills gilded Let him take two or three in the morning twice in a week two hours before meat Plaineâ— Pills and almost as good may be made of Hiera with Oxymel of which you may give a drama In the daies between the taking of Pills give this Pouder Take of Dill seeds half an ounce Zedoary Lignum Aloes Nutmegs Cloves and pouder of Diambra of each one dram Let him take two scruples in a morning with a little sweet Wine or put to them three ounces of Common Salt and let him eat it with all his Victuals Apply this Cataplasm following to the Stomach Take of Roots of Aristolochium or long Birthwort Flowerdeluce Bay-berries dried Leaves of Riâ—e and Mints of each three drams Castor and Myrrh of each two drams Cloves and Hypocistiâ— of each one dram Make a Cataplasm with Honey of Rosemary At length when the disease is stubborn you must use the Decoction of Guajacum and Baths of Brimstone as the best Medicines That which comes from wind is cured by the same Medicines adding thereto things to expel wind Apply also Cupping-glasses to the region of the Stomach which miraculously do presently abate and take away the windy diseases of the Stomach That which comes from a sharp Chollerick Humor besides those Remedies which were prescribed in want of Appetite coming of a cold distemper most proper also to this Disease must be cured by Phlebotomy if there be Plethory or fulness by vomiting and gentle purging every third day thus made Take of the pouder of Rhubarb sprinkled with Endive Water half an ounce the pulp of Tamarinds two drams the seeds of Endive and Purslain and of Spodium of each one dram yellow Saunders and Diagridium of each half a dram with syrup of Lemons make a Mass of Pills of half a dram whereof make Four or Five Pills to be given in the Morning as aforesaid Upon other daies let him take Conserve of Roses and Borrage mixed with a little Triasantalon or the Opiate mentioned in the Cure of Want of Appetite Emulsions often used made of the Cold Seeds do powerfully asswage the sharpness of the Humor or in a disease not very hot the milk of sweet Almonds Syrup of Apples with Syrup of Quinces is to be given in a spoon He must take Broth often And must drink cold or warm Water or Ptisans often The Oyl of sweet Almonds doth asswage the sharpness of the humors Let the Stomach be Fomented with a spung dipt in Rose water Take of the Cerat of Saunders and Oyntment of Roses of each one ounce Mastich half an ounce Citron peels and pulp of Quinces of each one dram with Juyce of Housleek and a little Turpentine make two Emplaisters of which lay one to the fore part another to the hinder part of the stomach Anoint the region of the Liver with Cooling Oyntments because the Humors use to flow from thence to the stomach If you suspect any infection you must give Treacle and other Antidotes and anoint the stomach with the Oyl of Scorpions according to Matthiolus These Medicines following are good against the Hiccough of what cause soever First Expel the Humor offending by Vomit if the Patient can wel endure it and Repeat it if the Disease abate and give stronger if necessity requires As Platerus sheweth in his Practice of which he gives an example in his Observations in these words A Chirurgion being sick began to Hiccough day and night so that he could neither sleep speakwell or take meat at last being thus weak and nothing profiting him when he was in an agony we gave him not without fear but at his own entreaty a strong Chymical Vomit at hand by which he vomited abundance of choller green and black and so was cured If the Patient abhor Vomits Purge him But prepare the Humors first or before you repeat it with cutting and clensing means after use these following Apply Cupping Glasses to the Back against the Stomach or before Bind the Stomach that it may not be dilated Use Ligatures to the remote parts Take Annis-seed for they say that doth specifically cure And give often Clysters to draw the Humors from the Stomach Apply yong Creatures to the Stomach And Take Vinegar of Squils in a spoon Neezing doth shake off the Matter which is compacted in the Tunicles of the Stomach as Chrysimachus the Physitian in Plato cured Aristophanes by Neezing when he could not be cured by holding his breath and gargling of cold water Galen 8. de comp med sec loc mentiones the Medicine of Asclepiades of which he examineth every Simple and approveth them as if it had al Faculties fit for this intention namely To discuss and Evacuate the Matter hurtful by Stool and Urin to strengthen the stomach and lastly to mitigate sharpness The Composition is thus Take of Costus or Galangal Saffron Spikenard Roses Mastich of each four scruples Asarabacca and Aloes of each two scruples Opium one scruple with the Juyce of Fleabane make them into little Balls or Cakes and let him take one of a scruple in weight every morning In imitation of that you may quicklier prepare Pills for one Dose of one dram of Aloes two or three grains of Laudanum And if you wil Purge more give three or four grains of Diagridium Duretus testifieth what excellent force Aloes hath in this Disease in these words Many when they have been almost dead with the Hiccough have been cured with Purging five dayes together with Hiera after they have voided black glutinous humors Platerus reports in his Observations That he Cured a Boy of ten yeers old that was troubled night and day for eight dayes together with the Hiccough with the Water of green Nuts distilled with Rhadish first macerated in Vinegar which he gave as a Vomit and though he vomited not yet he was eased and taking a draught thereof at night was presently Cured Forestus reports That he Cured one with one draught of the Decoction of Dill-seeds Carva Purslain and white Poppy-seeds made in smal Ale Claudinus doth highly commend Diaphoenicum with Philonium Romanum when the Cause and the Symptome are very violent Lastly Narcoticks only do alone Cure this when al other things fail by stupifying of the sense of the part which is too exquisite Chap. 8. Of Nausea and Vomiting NAusea and Vomiting differ only in degrees and both are the motion of the Stomach by which it either expelleth or labors to expel things contained therein therfore Nausea is a desire to Vomit with trouble and only sending and pewking forth a thin waterish Humor
Cardiogmos it is evil for it signifieth that there is a great Inflamation of the Stomach or abundance of bad Humors contained therein The pain of the Stomach coming from Worms or Wind is commonly least dangerous because the Cause is not so bad and not fixed to the part But somtimes from Worms ghawing in the Stomach great Symptomes happen of which the Patient suddenly dieth So when the distemper which begets wind is stubborn and habitual it is not without danger for it turneth to a dry dropsie Hippocrates Aphor. 11. Sect. 4. In a Cardialgia coldness of the extream parts signifieth death at hand The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the diversity of the Causes If it come from the Diseases of other parts you must cure them But if the Cause be in the Stomach alone the pain comes either from wind or sharp Humors and Chollerick or from Inflamation Imposthume or Ulcer That which comes from Wind is to be cured by Medicines that discuss and evacuate that flatulent Matter as also the flegm from whence it comes And first you must give a gentle Emollient Laxative Clyster and presently after another Carminative that is expelling wind and discussing of the Decoction of Origan Calamints Penyroyal Rue the lesser Centaury Annis seeds Fennel seeds Carrots and Cummin seeds and the like In which dissolve Benedicta Laxativa Oyl of Dil Rue and Honey of Rosemary If the pain continue you must make a Clyster of equal parts of Sack or Hippocras Oyl of Rue or of Nuts with two ounces of Aqua vitae Or make a Clyster of white Wine with Oyl of Juniper or eight drops of the Chymical Oyl of Cinnamon or Cloves which doth Miracles Then foment the Stomach with this Take of Cypress Roots Galangal Calamus Aromaticus of each one ounce Mints Origan Penyroyal Marjoram Hysop Sage of each one handful Annis Fennel Caraway and Carrot seeds and Bay berries of each half an ounce Chamomel Melilot Rosemary and Lavender flowwers of each one pugil beat them and slice them put them into two bags and boyl them in Sack then squeeze them and apply them one after another to the Stomach and all the Belly When the Matter is not so cold this Fomentation following may be prepared which is highly commended by Forestus because it hath presently cured when other things failed Take of Althaea Roots half an ounce red Roses Chamomel Flowers and tops of Wormwood of each one handful Boyl them in common Water and Chamomel Water to one pint and an half adding in the end a little Rhenish Wine Rose Water and Vinegar Make a Fomentation After Fomentation anoint with Oyl of Rue and Dill mixed with Aqua vitae and a little Chymical Oyl of Sage or Cloves After the anointing apply a Plaister of Bay-berries or instead thereof a Cataplasm of Honey and Cummin seed While these are doing if there be loathing you may provoke vomiting gently or give a Purge against flegm After Purging give Oyl of bitter Almonds newly drawn mixed with white Wine or Hippocras mixed with Aqua Clareta or Cinnamon Water This following Juleps is most admirable to asswage pain discuss wind and strengthen the Stomach Take of Wormwood Centuary the less and Agrimony of each half a handful boyl them to five ounces and ad to it being strained one ounce of Sugar Let him take it two mornings together Amatus Lucitanus commends highly the distilled Water of Chamomel flowers as a most excellent Remedy to asswage the pains of the Stomach and Entrals of which you must give three ounces warm Or in the defect of that you may make a Decoction of Chamomel flowers which is so much commended by Forestus who saith that he cured a Merchant with this only Decoction once only given of great pain of his Stomach which made him to roar which when he had drunk off he belched and fell into a sweat and all his pain vanished as by an Inchantment so that he needed no other help You may also make a Vomit at the beginning of the disease which by evacuation may abate the pain of this Decoction made with Dill seeds or Agarick or the Roots of Asarabacca dissolving therein Oxymel Syrup of Vinegar or of Roses Solutive Galen teacheth that a Cupping glass applied to the Stomach doth presently take away pain But you must use this Caution That no crude Humor or very little lie in the Stomach otherwise the pain will be encreased Also you may with good success apply Bread hot from the Oven cut in the middle either by it self or sprinkled with Spices Lastly If the pain continue violent you must use a bath of the Decoction of mollifying Herbs that are hot which is most safe and powerful for it takes away the pain by discussing the wind and sending it forth by the open pores which it will better do if you give some discussing Medicine to the Patient while he is in the Bath for both internal and external helps concurring the work will be done The Bath must be very hot that the wind may be the better discussed and the thick Humors melted If by reason of the vehement pain Clysters can neither be given nor retained you must give a Purge in the Bath and let him stay therein an hour or half an hour till the power of the Medicine touch the Stomach Somtimes when the violence of the pain threateneth danger you must give Narcoticks which being wisely given bring wonderful effects Some mix Narcoticks with their Purges that the pain may be allayed and the Matter evacuated such as the Medicine of Elidaeus commended by Forestus made thus Take of Diaphoenicon half an ounce Philonium Romanum two scruples with the Water or Decoction of Chamomel make a Potion After the pain is gone let them who are subject to this Disease be purged once or twice in a month to take away the immediate cause of wind And let them use strengtheners such as were prescribed in the Cure of Concoction hurt That pain which comes of Choller is to be cured by the evacuation thereof with a gentle vomit or Purge or with frequent Clysters that are emollient not sharp or hot Afterwards qualifie the sharpness of the Humors with cooling Juleps that thicken with Emulsions of the great cold Seeds new Milk new Oyl of sweet Almonds Yolks of Eggs and the like In the mean while omit not Opiates and other strengtheners prescribed in the former Cures And at last when need requireth use Narcoticks Apply outwardly a Cataplasm of Bread and Milk with yolks of Eggs and Saffron Or Bread from the Oven broken in the middle and dipt in Vinegar Or Foment the part with the Decoction of Chamomil-flowers Violets and Water Lillies or which is best put the Patient in a warm Bath for that is most proper After the pain is gone lest it should return let the Patient Purge twice every month and let the hot Distemper of his Belly be corrected with a
Cooling Diet and Convenient Remedies That Pain which comes from Inflamation Imposthume or Ulcer may be Cured with the Remedies Prescribed in the following Chapter Chap. 11. Of the Inflamation Vlcer and Imposthume in the Stomach ALthough al kinds of Tumors may arise in the Stomach as wel as other parts yet we wil speak here only of a Phlegmon or Inflamation which is most usual the other happen seldom and may be Cured by the same Method with the Tumors of other internal parts The Inflamation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumor coming of Blood which is sent into the substance of the Stomach and its Membranes by the Veins derived from the branches of the Vena Porta This Blood is either pure and makes a proper Phlegmon or mixed with Choller Flegm or Melancholly and makes a Phlegmon Erysipelatous Oedematous or Schirrous The External Causes may be many al that inflame the Blood as hot meats wine or al that can drive it to the part as a blow upon the belly especially when it is ful to which you may ad things that are very sharp and very hot as Cantharides sublimate The signs of this Disease called Diagnostica are a great Pain burning pricking distending and beating reaching to the back you may feel a Tumor and somtimes see it the shoulders are drawn downwards the breathing is difficult as also swelling and belching somtimes blood is vomited there is a most burning Feaver with most greivous Symptomes If the Inflamation be pure only from blood it is somwhat gentler but if it be with Choller called Erysipeals there are greivous Symptomes and the febris called Lipyria in which the exterior parts are cold and the internal burn and there is an unquenchable thirst such a kind of Feaver useth to be in an Erysipetous inflamation of the intestines Like to this Inflamation of the Stomach is that which is in the upper part of the Liver by which the Stomach is covered or in that part of the belly which lieth upon it which is only distinguished by the deadly Symptomes for then the Stomach hath the most desperate From what hath been said is easie to Prognostick and to pronounce this Disease to be for the most part deadly But that is most Dangerous which is over the whol Stomach or its upper part or which is like to an Erysipetas Galen 3. Prorrhet shews That much Loathing and Rumbling of the belly is evil For it shewes that evil Humors do stick close to the Tunicle of the Stomach and pul them to provoke Expulsion If the Inflamation do not kill nor is dispersed it turns to an Imposthume which is known by the mitigation of the Pain and the Feaver while the Tumor remaineth After the Imposthume is broken there remaineth an Ulcer which is known by voiding of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer is produced in the Stomach not only from an Imposthume but from other Causes which we shal here reckon up least we seem defective in the Theory The Causes of Ulcers in the Stomach are either Internal or External The Internal are sharp Humors bred in the Stomach or sent thither from other parts as yellow Choller or black or salt Flegm The External are sharp Medicines that Corrode or Poysons and Wounds of the Stomach not wel Cured which turn into Ulcers as also the breach of some great Veins which could not wel grow together after much Vomiting of blood An Ulcer bred in the Stomach is known chiefly by Matter which is cast forth by Vomit or Stool to which principal sign there are others to be added First there is perceived in the belly a pricking pain joyned with burning especially when any thing is taken that is strong in quality either sharp salt or sowr or very hot or cold there is also no Appetite stinking belching and a constant lingring Feaver The Prognostick is alwayes deadly except the Ulcer be very little and only in the superficies and without a Feaver For the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated being a Spermatick part will hardly grow together again the Nourishment will not be well concocted in a Stomach ill affected but will be thrown out before concoction and so rend the Ulcer Moreover Medicines do little good because clensers which are required for cure of Ulcers increase pain and dryers which also are required are continually hindred by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humors which continually are in a weak Stomach The Cure of the afore said Diseases is several And first the Cure of Inflamation is to begin with Blood-letting often in both Arms as the strength will endure And although by reason of swooning and coldness of the extream parts the strength seem at first to be impaired yet because it comes from oppression it requires evacuation and therefore blood-letting must not be denied Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoids if the Patient be used to that evacuation doth revel Blood from the Stomach Also Cupping-glasses both dry and with Scarrification to the Shoulders Back and Buttocks with Ligatures and Frictions of the extream parts and heating of them becauâ—e they are usually cold with hot cloathes and anointing with Oyl of Flowerdeluce and Spike and other hot things are very good We disallow Purges in this case because they trouble the Humors and draw them to the part affected But Avicen commends the Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in Whey or Endive Water if it be given every day to the seventh day because they purge not by attraction but by mollifying mitigate sharpness and asswage pain But it is better in the beginning to abstain from all Purges After the seventh day is past when there appear some signs of Concoction and declination you may give a Purge of Rhubarb one dram with one scruple of red Sanders infused in Borrage Water adding one ounce or two of Syrup of Roses that the filth which sticketh to the part may be brought forth more powerfully In the mean while you must every day give Emollient Cooling and Lenitive Clysters such as these Take of Chicken Broth or the Decoction of Mallows and Violets of each one pint Cassia new drawn one ounce Oyl of Roses and Violets of each two ounces Sugar one ounce and an half With two Yolks of Eggs make a Clyster You must give altering and strengthening Medicines at the Mouth they may be the same which were propounded in the Cure of the Pain of the Stomach from a Chollerick Humor But the Syrup of Water Lillies and of the Juyce of Purslain are peculiarly good especially in the beginning because they supply the place of Repelling Medicines Also Emulsions made of the four great cold Seeds and white Poppy Seeds are good for they asswage pain and heat As also these following Juleps Take of Rose Water three ounces Plantane Water two ounces the Juyce of Sorrel and Pomegranate Wine one ounce and an half Sugar of Roses one ounce Boyl them a little and
hapneth a Critical Diarrhoea without a Disease in some bodies which use to lay up evil Humors and being strong do throw them forth at times when they abound and burden nature as Galen taught 7. meth Cap. 11. of which Flux Celsus maketh mention lib. 4. cap. 19. in these words It is healthful for to go often to the Stool in one day and in many dayes together if there be a Feaver and if it cease before the seventh day for the Body is purged and that which inwardly would have hurt is now sent forth Among Critical Fluxes the Serous is one which comes without a Disease aforegoing in them who have much Water in their Veins and that chiefly in the Harvest time or Autumne namely when the night and morning cold of Autumne finding the passages external and pores of the skin open by reason of the heat of Summer aforegoing doth therefore insinuate it self deeper into the body pressing forth internally the Serous Humors contained in the Veins which Nature afterwards being over-burdened with sends by the Meseraick Veins into the Intestines and many times into the Uriters Hence it is that many in the beginning of Autumne and in the first cold weather do make abundance of Urine for many dayes together But if a Diarrhoea be Symptomatical it troubles the patient much and weakeneth him and the Disease upon which it comes is encreased or at least is in the same state This Symptomatical Flux in burning Feavers and Malignant is often melting and hence it is known because the Excrements appear unctious and the body forthwith becomes lean and consumed and almost in a Marasmus If the Diarrhoea comes from the Brain the Stools are frothy as Hippocrates taught Aphor. 30. Sect. 7. which is not alwaies so For Flegm may flow from the brain without Wind which is the only cause of froth as also Wind may be mixed with Humors that are bred or contained in the stomach or intestines from whence the Excrements may be frothy though they come not from the Head Therefore we must joyn other Signs to this namely If the Brain have any manifest Disease as a Catarrh Deafness Lethargy Apoplexy or great Heaviness Pain or Sleepiness and if the Flux be more at night than day If it come from the fault of the Stomach there wil be the Signs of the Concoction of the Stomach Hurt As if the Food be corrupted and have a sharp and stinking quality by which the Expulsive Faculty is stirred up to expel them Also there wil then be the Signs of a Hot Distemper of the Stomach So if the Stools be Crude and Flegmatick and if Concoction be slow and diminished we argue that the Concoction of the Stomach is hurt by a cold Distemper and lastly we know that the fault is in the Stomach if the Patient did before fill himself with evil Food which would easily corrupt The Flux of the Belly comes from the Guts when they are ful of Worms and then there wil be signs of Worms which you may take from their proper Chapters If from the Liver The Stools wil be Chollerick because Choller is bred there and there wil be Signs of a Hot Distemper Inflamation Obstruction and other Diseases of the Liver If from the Spleen The Stools wil be commonly black or blackish a distention in the left Hypochondrion a heaviness also or pain there and other signs of the Spleen Distempered wil appear If from the Mesentery There wil be extension stretching or pain in that part But Humors gathered in the Mesentery come commonly from the Liver and Spleen If from the Womb There wil be stoppage of the Courses or the Symptomes of the Womb affected which use to be more violent and the Flux also at that time when the Terms ought to flow The Prognostick of a Diarrhoea is made thus A Flux of the Belly which is easily endured and in which the Patient finds refreshment is good On the contrary that which is painful and weakneth is evil The first is to be accounted Critical the last Symptomatical When the Liquid Excrements grow thicker it is good For it signifieth That the Faculty Worketh well by Concocting of evil Humors which is done by making them thick Thin Excrements with pain often voided are evil for they signifie great sharpness of Humors which do violently pul stimulate prick and gnaw the Guts Liquid Stools without Feeling when they are voided are evil For they either signifie Disturbance of Mind or Doting or Dissolution of the Natural Heat which is followed by the loss of Sense Liquid Stools beginning with an acute Disease and continuing with the same is evil for it signifies great plenty of Matter or an evil quality therein which forceth Nature to so sudden a flux If a strong Diarrhoea comes upon him who hath the Leucophlegmatia it causeth recovery Hipp. Aph. 29. Sect. 7. For there is an Evacuation of the Matter which was in the whol Body But this wants a limitation The Aphorism is true if this flux happen in the beginning of a Disease while the strength is good otherwise it doth not take away the disease but the Patient If a Woman with Child have a flux of the Belly she is in danger to miscarry Hipp. Aph. 34. Sect. 5. For the food which should nourish the Infant is for the most part carried away and the strength is abated as also the Ligaments of the Womb are relaxed by a continual flux of Humors thither as also the Child and the Womb are infected by the vapor of those excrements which are continually voided Yellow Stools like Yolks of Eggs green like Verdegreece livid black of divers colors or very stinking are evil For the reason which we gave in the Chapter of Vomiting As to the Cure Since a Symptomatical Diarrhoea comes commonly from corrupt Humors Chollerick Flegmatick Melanchollick or Serous and especially from Chollerick which provoke the expulsive faculty of the Intestines by their sharpness You must begin the Cure by Evacuation of the Humor offending which must be done by a Medicine which doth astringe by purging lest that flux should be encreased by motion of the Humors and you may make it thus Take of the best Rhubarb one dram Citrine Myrobalans half a dram Yellow Sanders half a scruple Infuse them in Plantane Water dissolve in the Liquor strained half a dram the pouder of Rhubarb and one ounce of Syrup of Roses Make a Potion You may ad Diacatholicon or other Medicines according to the condition of the Humor to be purged Also Vomiting is somtimes good because it Revelleth and Evacuateth the Matter of the Disease If there be signs of blood abounding and strength you must first let blood And if there be a Feaver you must open a Vein though there appear no Plethory or fulness Before and after Purging give clensing Clysters such as these Take of whol Barley two pugils Bran and red Roses of each one pugil Liquoris scraped and Raisons whol of
like Quittor which comes only from the distemper of the part and the depravation of the Homiosis or quality by which it makes Nourishment like it self The same befals men in Asthma or Ptisick and other Diseases of the Lungs for their Lungs being distempered do il concoct their own Nourishment but turn it into an Excrement like Quittor which is expelled by coughing and yet they have no Ulcer in their Lungs as many learned Physitians wil conclude when they see the Matter The External Causes of a Dysentery are al things that produce sharp and evil Humors or give them being produced a disposition to cause a Dysentery The Principal are sharp Meats or very subject to putrefaction as Fruits soon rotten and al unripe things Waters that are drunk ordinarily wherein there is Crudity or a Mineral and Medicines which are deadly qualified and evil Air as Hipp. Aph. 11. Sect. 3. when the Winter is too cold or dry the Spring too wet and too full of South winds then there wil be Dysenteries in the Summer And Aph. 12. Sect. 3. If the South wind blow much in Winter and it rain much but if it be dry and the North wind blow much in the Spring those seasons produce Dysenteries But the proper Distemper of the Air to produce a Dysentery is known in a contagious or Epidemical Dysentery which somtimes is more dangerous then others As also there is an Infection in the Excrements of those that have this Disease to them that smel them and if thâ—y be cast into the Privy they infect most of the Family that sit over them The Signs of a Dysentery are taken out of the Definition mentioned an often bloody Evacuation with pain and torments of the Belly and somtimes a Feaver watching thirst loathing of Meat and other Signs common to many Diseases But it is hard to know whether the thick or thin Guts are ulcerated Usually if the pain be above the Navil they say it is in the thin Guts and if below in the thick but this is contrary to reason because both the thin and thick Guts are carried both to the superior and inferior parts Therefore this sign is rather to be taken from the quality of the pain and the excrements For if the thin Guts are affected there is vehement pain like pins pricking because they are more Membranous and of more exquisite sence As also they go not to stool presently after the pain and there is blood in every stool for because the Blood and purulent Matter comes far before it be voided it is more mixed with the Dung but if the thick Guts are affected the pain is less vehement and lasting there is presently after a going to stool the Blood and Matter swim upon the excrement or are very little mixed and in a great Ulceration there are as it were little pieces of flesh The Signs of the Causes are taken especially from the Colour of the Excrements when they are yellow green white or black to which you may ad the Signs of Humors abounding from the Age Temperament time of the yeer and course of Life The Prognostick is thus made If the Thin Guts are Ulcerated there is more danger for they are more Nervous and being neerer the Liver they receive more pure Choller Dysenteries coming from black Choller or Melancholly are deadly Hippocrates aph 24. sect 4. because the Ulcer grows Cancerous which is seldom Cured outwardly in the body But if this Melancholly comes by Crisis of Judgement it is not so dangerous But you must beware least you take Congealed blood for Melancholly A Dysentery from Choller or sharp Diet is easily Cured from salt Flegm it is worse than from Choller because by reason of the Clamminess it stayes longer in the Guts to ulcerate In long Diseases of the Guts Loathing of Meat is evil and worse with a Feaver Hippocrates Aph. 3. Sect. 6. If in a Dysentery there be as it were little pieces of Flesh voided it is deadly Aphor. 26. Sect. 4. for it signifieth a deep Ulcer which takes away pieces of the guts Much Watching Stools without mixture of Humors black stinking much blood a Lientery coming after Hickets Chollerick Vomits pain of the Liver Midriff great thirst do commonly declare that it is deadly A Dysentery coming to those which have the Gout or a Disease in the Spleen is good Hippocrates 2. progn aph 46. sect 6. but this is rather a simple Diarrhoea which sends forth the matter of those Diseases Old Men and Children more commonly in this Disease than Men of middle Age Hipp. 2. progn Children because of their tenderness and their not observing rules Old Men because their strength is spent and because there is a great overthrow of their natural state thereby for they do not easily produce excrements that are fit to cause a Dysentery The Cure of this Disease is wrought by Medicines that asswage clense and evacuate sharp humors that Consolidate and dry Ulcers and stop the flux At first you must evacuate the Humor offending least it do more mischief and you must Purge often and it you think it not safe to purge every day or every other day do it every third or fourth day Rhubarb is the best for purpose either given in substance with Broth or made into a Potion as in Diarrhoea Or thus Take of Plantane half an handful Liquoris scraped and whole Raisons of each three drams Red Roses one pugil Tamarinds six drams yellow Myrobalans rub'd with Oyl of sweet Almonds two drams boyl them to three ounces Dissolve in the straining of Rhubarb infused with Lavender in Plantane Water one dram Syrup of Quinces one ounce Make a Potion Or Take of Tamarinds half an ounce Citron Myrobalans two drams boyl them in Barley and Plantane Water infuse in the straining of Rhubarb one dram and an half yellow Saunders half a scruple to four ounces of the straining ad one ounce of the syrup of Roses solutive make a Potion The Decoction of Myrobalans made thus and given in many Draughts is Commended of many Take of the rinds of Myrobalans Chebs ten drams Citron Myrobalans five drams Currans two ounces boyl them in twenty six Pints of Water to the Consumption of the third part strain them and adde ten drams of Sugar clarifie it and put to it half an ounce of Cinnamon Penotus Commends the following Potion as good against both Dysentery and Diarrhoea Take of the Bark of Guajacum beaten two ounces boyl them to halfs in a sufficient quantity of Water adding of red Roses Pomegranate Flowers and Plantane of each two drams boyl them for an hour and then adde to the straining of poudered Rhubarb one dram Diacatholicon three drams make a Potion Many give Parched or Torrified Rhubarb that the Purging Quality may partly be taken away But Amatus Lusitanus takes the second Infusion of Rhubarb and saith That in the first Infusion al his sharpness is taken away and it is better so than Parched
for by so doing it is burnt The Preparation is thus made Take of Rhubarb one dram and an half infuse it in three ounces of Plantane Water some few hours strain it press it gently and then infuse it again in three ounces of new Plantane Water and dissolve in the straining half an ounce of Cassia make a Potion If you desire by reason of the abundance of crude Humors to Purge more then you may make Syrup of Roses or Diacatholicon or other mild things but beware of strong Somtimes a Vomit is very good if the Patient be inclinable and the Humors stand in the Stomach for it makes a revulsion of the Humors from the part affected Which Amatus Lusitanus wisely mentioned Curat 44. Cent. 2. in these words If the Physitian can draw upwards and cast out by Vomit a Humor that is Chollerick and sharp flowing to the Guts to make a Dysentery it would be contrary to the Precepts of Galen in his Book of Medicinal Art and Method of Cure to carry the matter by the Guts which are full of Vlcers But when the Physitian cannot do it although he ought to try his best skill he must then use Purges and especially Rhubarb This Hippocrates taught Aph. 15. Sect. 6. After a long flux of the Belly if Vomiting come of it self the disease is cured But Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith That this is the example of those things which are done rightly by Nature which a Physitian ought to imitate And Mercatus confirms the same in these words Divert the Humors another way by bleeding if thou canst also purge and Vomit especially in salt flegm for thus we have seen old Dysenteries cured Angelus sala prescribeth this following Vomit in a Dysentery Take of Salt of Vitriol half a dram or a dram Syrup of Quinces and Bettony Water of each one ounce Cinnamon Water ten drams Mix them and drink it off There is great Dissention among Authors concerning Blood-letting in this Disease And it is the Opinion of the wisest that in a Feaver and Inflamation of the Intestines which is commonly joyned with an Ulcer that it ought to be in the beginning of the Disease before the strength be decayed by it for so there is a revulsion of Blood and sharp Humors flowing to the Guts And Valescus de Taranta and Amatus Lusitanus in an old Dysentery drew Blood Valescus saith That a very old man had a Dysentery three months I being sent for when other Physitians opposed it commanded a Vein to be opened he presently amended And Amatus saith thus That an honest Physitian went to a man who had a Dysentery thirty daies with a great Feaver and after the use of divers Medicines was brought very low and lean his flux continuing with much Blood and drew Blood from the Liver Vein of his right Arm and observe with what success Presently miraculously the blood stopped though his flux continued But by Clysters with Sugar and astringent Medicines both internal and external his belly was bound and he cured In the mean while give many Clysters first asswaging mild and clensing then glutinous and astringent and somtimes in one Clyster all together or most of them Mild gently and anodine Clysters that asswage pain are made of Milk either alone or with two or three yolks of Eggs or with the Mucilage of Fleabane Seeds and Quinces of each four ounces with Sugar or Honey of Roses one ounce Goats Suet one ounce or with Milk wherein Gold Iron or Flints have been quenched that the serous part may be consumed and so it may be more glutinous In want of Milk you may give Almond Milk or Barley Cream or Rice Milk alone or together as also the Broth of Mutton Chicken Capon or a Sheeps Head and mix the former things therewith It is usual to boyl Roses and the Herb Hors-tail with a Sheeps Head Or this following Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce clensed Barley or Rice one Pugil Lin-seed and Quince seed of each one ounce Fleabane seed half a dram Chamomel flowers one pugil Boyl them in Milk or Broth adding the Suet and Yolks of Eggs and other things before mentioned Or you may make it of Milk alone boyled with Marsh-mallow Roots at the first to clense and asswage the pain If the Pain be great you must mix Narcoticks as Philonium Persicum one or two drams Pils of Hounds-tongue one or two scruples Syrup of Poppies one ounce and an half Laudanum five or six grains in your Clysters If there be an Inflamation in the Guts which may be known by constant pain and increasing when it is touched also by a Feaver and dryness of the Tongue let blood again give Clysters of Rose Water with Salt of Lead and foment the Belly with Oxycrate or Wine and Water Also you may give Salt of Lead at the Mouth to ten grains with Conserve of Roses Clensing Clysters are made of Barley Water Bran red Roses Sugar or Honey of Roses But for the greater clensing and glutinating the Ulcer ad one dram of Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg. When the Ulcer is more foul you must use greater clensers as Beets Pellitory of the wal in the aforesaid Decoction The strongest Clensers are Centaury Wormwood Gentian Brine or Pickle from Galen 12. Meth. Cap. 1. and the like the use of which is now very rare Zacutus Lucitanus durst use Arsenick and yet with good success as you may see Obs 18. Lib. 2. of his Admirable Practice of Physick Some Chymicks use of the Oyl of Wax in Clysters one dram and anoint the Belly with the same To glutinate or heal up the Ulcer first use gently Dryers in Clysters and a little astringent then such as are more drying and binding Therefore make them first of Chalybeat Milk in which Roses have been boyled or of Barley Water or Water of parched Rice and red Roses one pugil adding to both Clysters two Yolks of roasted Eggs somtimes Honey of Roses and when you will have it work better one ounce of the Juyce of Plantane To bind and glutinate more make it thus Take of the Roots of Comâ—bry and Mullein of each one ounce Plantane and Comâ—bry leaves of each one handful red Roses and parched Barley of each one pugil Myrtles two drams Make a Decoction in Cistern Water in one pint of the straining dissolve of Honey of Roses one ounce one white of an Egg or one ounce of the Mucilage of Gum Traganth Goats Suet two ounces the Juyce of Yarrow and Knot-grass one ounce Make a Clyster Take of Snakeweed Roots or Tormentil one ounce and an half Shepheards-purse Knot-grass Horstail and Mousear of each one handful Pomegranate flowers Acorn cups Cypress Nuts of each two drams parched Rice one pugil make a Dcoction in Forge Water in a pint of the straining dissolve two ounces of the Juyce of Plantane and two Yolks of roasted Eggs. Make a Clyster Angelus sala wonderfully commends the
Chapter aforementioned bewaring that they be not too sweet for by sweet things the Liver being inflamed grows larger as Trullian teacheth Lib. 4. Cap. 10. Let his Drink be the Decoction of Barley Dog-tooth with a little Liquoris Syrup of Violets or Maiden-hair In the Decoction you may ad to the former Juleps the Roots of Smallage and Parsley the Leaves of Agrimony Maiden-hair c. And afterwards Turpentine washed Agrimony or Parsley Water given twice or thrice takes away the reliques of the Disease But if the Disease be stubborn and last long you must prescribe an Apozeme of opening and loosening things thus Take of the Roots of Smallage and Parsley of each two ounces new Polypody of the Oak three ounces the Leaves of Agrimony Burnet Ceterach Maiden-hair of each one handful Annis Fennel and Parsley seeds of each one dram Chamomel and Violet flowers of each one pugil clean Senna one ounce Boyl them to a pint and a Quarter Dissolve in the straining Rhubarb infused with a little Lavender in Succory Water two drams simple Syrup of Vinegar four ounces Make an Apozeme for four Doses to be taken every other day Outwardly many Topicks are good to be used the whol time of the Disease And in the beginning Epithems Liniments and cooling Plaisters such as stop Fluxes made thus Take of Endive Succory Sorrel Plantane and Rose Water of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce the pouder of the Electuary of the three Sanders one dram and an half Camphire half a scruple Make an Epithem to be applied warm to the Region of the Liver Or Take of the Leaves of both Endive Succory Plantane Bugloss Burrage and Water-lilly flowers of each one handful Roman Wormwood half a handful red Roses two pugils red and yellow Sanders of each two drams boyl them to one pint and an half Dissolve in the straining half a pint of Rose Water Rose Vinegar one ounce Camphire one scruple Make an Epithem If you desire to cool more you may ad the Juyces of the aforesaid Herbs Take of Oyl of Roses two ounces Oyl of Wormwood half an ounce mix them and wash them with Oxycrate and anoint the place therewith after the use of the Epithem Or Take of Oyl of Roses and of Myrtles of each two ounces the Juyce of Endive and Succory of each one ounce Vinegar half an ounce boyl them to the Consumption of the Juyces then add the pouder of red Sanders and Roses of each one dram as much Wax as will make an Vnguent Or you may use the Oyntment of Roses alone or Galens cooling Oyntment washed with Oxycrate In the progress of the Disease when the Feaver and pain decrease you must mix Dissolvers with Coolers either in equal or unequal proportion as the Disease grows neerer to the state or declination these must be wisely composed But that you may know what to make them of we wil shew you some Examples Take of Oyl of Roses two ounces Oyl of Wormwood one ounce Oyl of Chamomel half an ounce Pouder of the three Sanders one dram Spicknard half a dram Wax as much as will make a Liniment Take of clean Dates ten whol Raisons three ounces boyl them in Oxycrate then beat them with Chamomel Melilot and red Rose Flowers of each one pugil Spicknard and Schoenanth of each one dram Smallage and Parsley seeds of each half a dram Endâ—ve and Purslain of each one dram and an half Oyl of Wormwood and Roses of each one ounce Barley meal two ounces Make a Cataplasm Or you may make one not so hot thus Take of Barley meal three ounces red Sanders two ounces Oyl of Roses three ounces Mix them with the Decoction of Endive and Succory for a Cataplasm In the declination when the Feaver is gone you must use Dissolvers with Emollients lest any hardness should remain and some Astringents to strengthen the part Take of Marsh-mallow Roots three ounces Cypress Roots and Calamus Aromaticus of each half an ounce Mallows Violets and Agrimony of each one handful both the Wormwoods of each half a handful Foenugreek Annis Fennel and Line seed of each half an ounce Chamomel Melilot and Dill slowers of each one pugil Spicknard Schoenanth and Mastich of each one dram and an half Make a Decoction of them and foment the part affected with it somwhat hot Take of Oyl of Chamomel Lillies and sweet Almonds of each one ounce Oyl of Wormwood and Spike of each half an ounce the Pouder of Schoenanth Rosata Novella and Wormwood of each one dram Wax so much as will make a Liniment to be used in the declination of the Disease If the hardness of the part continue it will be good to add to the former Liniment Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar Or this Plaister Take of the Emplaister of Melilot and Diachylon with Flowerdeluce of each one ounce Mix them and spread them upon Leather cut like a half â—Moon to be laid to the part Or Take of Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar one ounce Labdanum and Mastich of each two drams Oyl of Wormwood and Wax of each as much as will make a Plaister If the Inflamation tend to suppuration which is known by encrease of the Feaver and the pain according to Hipp. Aph. 47. Lib. 2. there is great danger and few escape in this case Yet you must further the Suppuration with the aforesaid Emplaisters which will dissolve the Matter which will be dissolved and suppurate that which will be suppurated or ripened as also with mollifying Cataplasms and you must give inwardly Chicken Broth wherein Mallows Marsh-mallows Figgs and Prunes have been boyled After the Imposthume is broken if white Matter flow by stool or urine you must clense with Barley Water or Whey with Honey of Roses or with those Remedies which are prescribed for the Cure of the Ulcer of the Stomach But if the Suppuration tend outwardly you must open it with a red hot Incision Knife according to Hippocrates And if the Matter come forth white and concocted there is hope of Cure but if red filthy and stinking the Patient is neer death Chap. 3. Of the Stoppage or Obstruction of the Liver THe Obstruction of the Liver is a preternatural closing or straightness of the Branches of the Vena Porta and Cava that is of the Gate and Hollow Vein and somtimes of the substance of the Liver hindering the passage of Natural Humors and the distribution of the Nourishment coming from some Matter which filleth their Cavities Hence it is that Obstruction is an Organical Disease namely in the way and passage obstructed which hinders the distribution of Blood for the Nourishment of the parts These waies or passages are not only the Veins which are dispersed through the whol substance of the Liver but also the Pores and insensible Passages with which the whol substance of the Liver and also of other parts is very full which being shut up by a preternatural Humor neither can the heat of the
want of Concoction or Crudity it is prevented You must mark that it is in the beginning for if a flux come upon an old Dropsie it is not so safe because commonly there is some fault in the Bowels by continuance as a Scitrhus or corruption of substance which begets new matter and death also Henee Hipp. in Prorrh saith that they who are to be cured of the Dropsie must be Euspiagchnous that is those that have sound Bowels free from the great Diseases mentioned Otherwise if a flux of the Belly happen with a Scirrhus or corruption of the Liver they die presently as Galen shews 2. ad Glau. cap. 5. And Avicen saith thus Straitness of breath and flux of the belly signifie death within three daies Little Urine in Dropsies is evil the less the worse because the Drink runs into the Belly and not into the Reins Hence Hipp. in Coac saith Little and thick Urine and a Dropsie that is Feaverish is deadly but if the quantity of Urine encrease we may hope well Which is elegantly laid down by Celsus And then saith he there is hope of Health when they void more Urine than they drink Therefore it is good every day to measure the Urine and the Drink and the Belly with a string especially while Physick is given to see whether it grow less or not for if it encrease notwithstanding the Medicines it is desperate Imposthumes or spots in the Legs or Hydropical men are deadly Hippocrates confirms this 7. Epid. in the History of Bion and Ctesipthon the one whereof died presently after an imposthume which ran in his left Knee the other after he had a red and blewish gathering in his right Thigh Men that are cured by Medicines for Dropsies if they fall again into the same are desperate Hipp. in Coac For it signifieth that there is some incurable fault lurking in the Bowels which after the water is emptied reneweth it again If the Patient have sound Bowels and strength eat his meat and concoct well and be not sick after breath freely have no pain cough or thirst and his tongue grow not rough so much as in his sleep if Medicines presently purge him and if without Medicines he be bound and in a Natural order and if his Urine change according to his Diet or if he be not faint If all these things be present the Patient is recovered if some of them there is hopes of amendment if none he is desperate In a dry Dropsie to piss by drops is evil Hipp. in Coacis A Tympany in a Melanchollick Body is deadly and Remedies are given in vain If in a Leucophlegmatia a strong Diarrhoea follow the Disease is cured Hipp. Aph. 29. Sect. 7. but this Diarrhoea must be at the beginning or at least before the Disease be old or the strength of the Party weakened but if it happen when the Patient is weak it is dangerous The Cure of the Dropsie consists in the Evacuation of the Matter whether it be in the whol Body or in the Abdomen or Belly in taking away the Cause that produced that Matter and in strengthening of the Bowels especially the Liver The chief and most ordinary Causes are great Obstructions and Scirrhus or hard Tumors the Cure of which Diseases is to be taken out of their proper Chapters But if they will not suffice you must use these following which are more proper in Dropsies and vary them according to the variety of Causes and the Bodies sick And first you must give an ordinary Purge by an opening Apozeme that expels slegm and water made thus Take of the Roots of Eryngus Madder Smallage Parsley and Elicampane of each one ounce Valerian Asarabacca Dwarf-Elder and Flower deluce Roots of each half an ounce the Bark of the Roots of Capars and inward Bark of an Ash and Tamarisk of each six drams the Leavs of Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Germander St. Johns-wort Wormwood and the lesser Centaury of each one handful Sold anella or wild Mercury half a handful the seeds of Carrots Parsley and Fennel of each half an ounce scraped Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce clean Senna one ounce and an half Agarick tied in a clout three drams the seeds of Dwarf-Elder and Jallap Roots of each one dram and an half Ginger and Cloves of each one dram Broom Elder and Tamarisk flowers of each one pugil Boyl them in equal parts of steeled Water and white Wine added towards the end to a pint and a quarter When it is strained dissolve therein Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb four ounces Make a cleer Apozeme aromatized with three drams of Cinnamon for four morning draughts After Universal Purging let the Patient take this following Pouder once a week Take of Clean Senna Gummy Turbith Hermodacts Dwarf-Elder seeds Jallan and Mechoacan of each one dram Cream of Tartar two drams Cambugia half a dram the pouder of Diamber Diarrhodon Abbatis and Fennel seeds of each one scruple Sugar candy three drams Make a Pouder of them all of which infuse two drams or two drams and an half all night in four ounces of white Wine Let him take the Wine and the Pouder in the morning The Syrup of Rhamus solutivus or Buckthorn made of the Juyce of its Fruit called Rhein Berries with Sugar given one ounce at a time doth wonderfully purge water It must be taken presently after Dinner Or give the Magistral Syrup made of the Decoction of the Apozeme afore mentioned the dose of Purgers being encreased or this following Take of the Juyce of Damask Roses two pints the Juyce of the Roots of Danewort Flowerdeluce Succory Leaves and Agrimony of each half a pint the seeds of Danewort Mechoacan Roots and of the best Rhubarb of each two ounces Spicknard three drams yellow Sanders two drams Crystal of Tartar one dram and an half infuse them a whol night and after a little boyling strain them then put as much white Sugar as is of the Liquor boyl it into a Syrup and add to it of the salt of Wormwood half an ounce Let him take two drams with opening Broth once in a week Or instead of this Syrup or at other times when it is not taken you may give these Pills which purge the evil Humors and also open Obstructions Take of the best Aloes steeped in the Juyce of Wormwood half an ounce Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar and strained the best Myrrh and Crocus Martis prepared with Sulphur of each three drams Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each two drams Diagridium and Troches of Albandal of each one dram Saffron Ginger and Salgem of each one scruple With Oxymel of Squils make a Mass of Pills of which give half a dram twice in a week two hours before Dinner Also Purging Wines are much commended for the cure of the Dropsie of which there are divers Forms But these are best Take of the Roots of Asarabacca and Mechoacan of each two ounces the French Flowerdeluce and Bark of
There is a heat in the Hypochondria and a certain Inflamation inward somtimes in one side somtimes in another from hot Humors contained therein especially when they are moved by inward or outward means so that the Face will grow hot and red from those vapors and somtimes there is an Ephemeral or Feaver for a day by those vapors sent through the whol Body The Urine is somtimes thick somtimes thin Thin when thick Humors stop the passages through which it is as it were strained thick red and troubled by reason of the mixture of the thick Matter which is very salt and therefore is called Materia Tartaria and it lies at the bottom of the Urinal like a thick Sediment Or some part of it sticks like red Sand to the sides which makes many fear the Stone without cause because this same is not bred in the Reins but in the Liver from a burnt and salt Humor and you may know this because it dissolves between the Fingers like Salt which will not when it comes from the Reins Somtimes there is a Palpitation or beating of the Heart by reason of the vapors ascending which while it labors to expel make it move violently and then the Patient thinks himself in great danger Somtimes there is a beating in the left Hypochondrion when hot Humors are there from whence vapors arise and make the Pulse or Systole and Diastole of the Arteries greater so that both the Patient and the standers by may feel it which is chiefly after heat with Anger motion or drinking of much Wine This beating is chiefly in the Coeliack Artery which is the chiefest in that part In an old Disease it is somtimes constant and this signifies an Habitual and incurable Disease An Aneurism somtimes followeth this great breathing from the enlarging of the Coeliack or some other Artery and from the hot blood in them which being very thin and full of many hot Spirits continually dilateth and stretcheth the Arteries while there is an Aneurism such as Fallopius observed Lib. de tum preter naturam cap. 14. in an old woman who being opened had an Aneurism in her Belly into which he put his fist From which mark by the way the great providence of Nature which fearing the breaking of an Artery through too much enlarging hath made the coat of it as hard as a bone as Fallopius observed in the same place Also Paraeus in his sixth Book Cap. 28. tels the like story of an Aneurism found not in the Belly but the Breast in the Venal Artery which was so stretched that it could contain his sist and also the inward Tunicle thereof was like a bone And we have seen the like about two yeers agone namely an Aneurism in the Breast by the dilatation of an Artery which would hold the fist of a Boy of fifteen yeers old and the Tunicle thereof was grown like a Gristle The evil vapors that ascend from the Hypochondria produce many Symptomes for being sent to the Pallat and Tongue they dry those parts and cause a thirst when they go to the Lungs and Midriff they cause shortness of breathing when to the Membranes of the Brain Head-ach when to the Brain noise in the Ears dimness of Sight Giddiness Fear and Sorrow and divers Melancholly Phansies And if they be malignant and very sharp they cause an Epilepsie or Falling-sickness if they come to the Nerves Convulsions and if they be stupifying they cause a Numbness and bastard Palsey Coma and Apoplexy if they get into the Brain But if these vapors be hot and dry they dry the Brain and cause watchings troublesom sleep and frightful Dreams and at first though they sleep well after Supper til midnight afterward they wake some three or four hours and some sleep again about three or four a clock others not at all The reason whereof is this Because while the Chyle is carried to the parts that serve for the second Concoction then the evil Humors lying in the Vessels are stirred and send up vapors which being sent by the Veins and Arteries to the Head cause watching and if they be quickly discussed they sleep again but if they continue long they watch the other part of the night We have formerly spoken of all these Symptomes and we say again That all are not in all men but more or sewer according to the variety of the Humors and parts affected This also is to be marked It is not Essential to Hypochondriack Melancholly that stretching hardness pain and swelling should be in the Hypochondria because the cause is for the most part in the Branches of the Gate Vein and Arteries adjoyning and sends from thence vapors to the Heart and Brain Oftentimes there is stretching in the Liver and Spleen which signifieth That the Humors stick in those parts but if there be no stretchings it is a sign that the evil Humors lie in the Veins of the Mesentery Caul Sweetbread and Stomach These proper Symptomes shew that the Stomach is affected with sowr belchings and stinking or loathing vomiting want of concoction and somtimes flux of the belly As for the Prognostick This Disease is not deadly for the most part but of long continuance many times the whol life therefore it is commonly called the disgrace of Physitians because they do seldom cure it and if the Patient seem to be cured it returns again in a few months it is also called the Scourge of Physitians because they who have it are continually asking new Medâ—câ—nes and presently satisfied therewith and dayly complain to the Physitian for others The Flux of the Hemorrhoids doth good in this Disease if it be moderate but if it continue long it is dangerous A thick Urine is better in this Disease than a thin and watery which shews that the thick Humors are detained in the Body Black Urine without a Feaver doth often Cure this Disease It s good in this Disease to have a loose Belly and bad to be bound Also Vomiting if the Patient be refreshed thereby is profitable but if it continue long it is dangerous A Giddiness and continual pain in the Head in this Disease ends in an Epilepsie Blindness or Apoplexy The Cure of this Disease is in three things chiefly first in opening Obstructions secondly in amending the distempers of the Bowels and in discharging of the peccant humor not omitting strengtheners For which a wise Physitian may use these following First give a Clyster then this Potion Take 〈◊〉 Senna half an ounce Annis seeds and Cream of Tartar of each one dram Borrage flowers Fumitory and Sorrel of each half a handful Liquoris three drams boyl them to three ounces Dissolve in the straining Rhubarb infused in Lavender Water one dram and an half double Catholicon three drams Compound Syrup of Succory one ounce Make a Potion to which you may well add in a strong Melancholly one dram of Confectio Alkermes The day following let Blood from the left side chiefly or
a little white Wine or red Pease broth Sea-holly and Liquoris exercising after it Carolus Piso highly commends this following Pouder which he gave with his purging Pouder before mentioned and took away many boxes of smal stones from a President of Lorrain Take of Marsh-mallow and Violet seeds of each half a scruple Gromwel seeds and Liquoris of each one scruple the Jews stone and Spunge stone of each six grains the pouder of Dates Medlar and Cherry stones of each two scruples Melone Seeds three drams make a Pouder Give one dram with unleavened bread dipt in white Wine three daies together of the New moon and let him drink red Pease broth after it wherein the Roots of Marsh-mallows Fennel Sea-holly Rest-harrow and Parsley and Juniper berries bruised have been boyled adding a little white Wine Honey Butter and Juyce of Lemmons This following Electuary prescribed by Zappata is excellent Take of the Seeds of St. Johns-wort dried and finely poudered three ounces Conserve of Roses of Violets one pound mix them into an Electuary of which let the Patient take half an ounce every morning three hours before meat the first two weeks two daies together and after for fifteen daies once in a week and after that once in a month or oftener according as the Disease requireth Conserve of Roses is better than Violets because it correcteth the scent of the Turpentine which comes forth of the Seeds of St. Johns wort beaten But Violets agrees best with the Reins These following Lozenges are very safe and most excellent Take of the four great cold seeds and of Liquoris all clensed one scruple Burnet Bazil Parsley seeds and Nutmeg of each half a dram Aromaticum Rosatum two scruples Sugar dissolved in Winter Cherry Water four ounces make Lozenges of three drams in weight Let him take one in the morning three hours before meat drinking after it four ounces of Rest-harrow or Rupture-wort Water with two ounces of white Wine The Wine of Winter Cherries described in the Cure if it be drunk somtimes doth take away the Matter that breeds the Stone saith Villanovanus In the use of all Diureticks observe this They must not be used too often because they draw to the part affected there once or twice in a month or somtimes seldomer is sufficient purging before lest the Humors of other parts should be carried to the Reins Turpentine may be used oftener for Amatus Lusitanus in Curat 68. Cent. 2. reports of a Monk that had the Joynt-gout and the Stone both and could find help by nothing at length by the use of Turpentine he was cured within six months of them both Every morning he swallowed the quantity of a smal Nut with Sugar And the reason why Turpentine often used doth not hurt as other Diureticks in my Judgment is this Because it looseneth the Belly withal so that those gross Humors which by other Medicines would be carried to the Reins are sent out by stool But commonly Turpentine is used seldom as other Diureticks either alone or with other Medicines thus Take of Turpentine ten times washed in Saxifrage or Pellitory Water half an ounce With Sugar make a Bolus Or Take of Cassia newly drawn six drams Turpentine half an ounce Pouder of Liquoris two drams mix them for a Bolus Or Take half an ounce of Turpentine and one dram of poudered Rhubarb mix them for a Bolus Or Take Four ounces of Turpentine burn it upon a hot Iron that it may pouder and give two drams with convenient Liquor Or Take Turpentine half an ounce Pouder against the Stone called Pulvis Lithontribus tâ—o drams mix it for a Bolus Zacutus Lusitanus Obser 58. lib. 2. Praxis admir doth much commend Natural Balsom for expelling stones and that a man of three score yeers of age that had his Water stopped eighteen daies with stones was cured thereby First he took some drops of it with Oyl of sweet Almonds encreasing the quantity of both till he came to half an ounce of Balsom and three ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds within ten daies he voided six stones and afterwards he was preserved by the same Medicine by taking in a morning half an ounce of Oyl of sweet Almonds and six drops of Balsom by which means he made a Sandy Urine and lived long If you want Eastern Balsom you may take that of Peru. The same Zacutus in the same Observation doth commend Tobacco Water in these words I remember saith he that I took away many great stones fastened in the hollow of the Reins with distilled green Tobacco Water If you want that then use the Decoction Most wiâ—e Varandaeus my Master commends the Waters of some Baths Balervacan or Bitumenous for Preservatives against the Stone of which we have seen rare effects We 〈◊〉 his words There is saith he no better Medicine after Purging than the drinking of Balervacan Waters for by the heat which comes from the Bitumen they dissolve gross humors and stones and by their Nitrous quality they clense and by their great quantity do not only clense the Guts but Reins so that it is incredible to tel what abundance of thick Water some have made after it But when we fear the Inflamation of the Guts we ordered them to abstain from Wine and gave them Chicken Broth with cold Herbs and Juleps Therefore we put fat Flegmatick men into them once a day in the morning having first anointed their Reins and Liver with some proper Oyntment and bound them with doubled linnen cloaths that the Excrements might be received from the Pores opened And if their Bewels grow hot they may after use sweet Water Baths that cool and moisten Sharp Mineral Waters or Vitriol are also good to prevent for they do not only dissolve the slimy Tartarous Matter that breeds the Stone but correct the hot distemper of the Liver and Reins and therefore in hot distempers these are best And because hot Bodies are hurt by hot things we will prescribe more temperate as Bean and Rupture-wort Water and Lemmon Water distilled Slice them and distil them in Balneo Mariae And for their better cooling still them with Milk The Conserve of Hipps is Diuretick and cooling and is commended by Crato in this case also The Conserve of Marsh-mallow and Mallow flowers which by mollifying and moistening helps the stones to come forth The inspissate Juyce of Purslain made into Pills and given one dram at a time doth powerfully clense the Reins The dried Flowers of Pomegranates in one dram doth purge the Matter causing the Stone And the like Quantity of the Dryed Spunge of white Thistle given in like quantity is excellent Fresh Butter with as much Sugar candy taken every morning fasting doth clense the Passages of the Urine and hinder the breeding of the Stone Bitter Almonds taken ten or twelve in a morning do the same Filberts also taken before meat are commended by Crato who saies that he found by Experience that many long
great pain exulceration heat of Urine and stoppage thereof or the like The Signs of the Inflamation of the Reins are a weighty pain in the Reins somtimes beating if the place be affected where the Arteries are And this pain extendeth to the parts adjacent so that the Patient can neither lift himself up not stand upon his feet and scarce turn himself and neither lie upon his side nor his Belly because then the part inflamed will hang down therefore he lies alwaies upon his back and if he either neeze or otherwise move his Body the pain is encreased He hath a numbness or pain in the Leg on the same side by reason of the Nerve that goes from thence to it He hath difficulty of pissing by reason of the heat which is sent to the Urine and filth mixed with it coming from the inflamed part The Urine is first thin and yellow but after red and thick â—e hath a constant sharp Feaver which is attended often with watchings dotings and other great Symptomes also loathing and vomiting by which he voids Choller Flegm and other Humors Somtimes the Gut Colon is inflamed and if it be that part which is neer the Liver it brings the like Symptomes but here is the difference In the Inflamation of the Reins the pain reacheth to the short Ribs the Back and Bladder but that of the Colon tends more to the Belly and there is a greater change of Excrements of the Belly than in the Inflamation of the Kidneys But in the Inflamation of the Kidneys there is a pain about the Pubis and Perinaeum in which there is heat and somtimes redness There is constant heat of Urine but that is stopped when the part swelleth and stoppeth the passage The straight Gut suffers by reason of its neerness hence it is that there is often desire to go to stool with burning somtimes the belly is bound when the Gut is stopped by the inflamed Bladder There are also other common Symptomes mentioned in the Inflamation of the Reins as a Feaver watching doting thirst and the like There can be no good Prognostick in this Disease For the inward Inflamation of the noble inward parts do threaten continual danger of death It is most deadly when a Convulsion or dotage followeth or the like great Symptome and if there be a cold sweat death is at hand In the Inflamation of the Reins if the Hemorrhoids follow it is good If the Inflamation Suppurate and the Imposthume break and go into the passage of the Urine there is hope but if it go by the Emulgent Veins into the Liver and labor to get way through the Guts it is dangerous A final Inflamation of the Bladder with a Sediment in the Urine that is white and equal promiseth health An Inflamation of the bladder is somtimes cured by an Erysipelas or Chollerick Humor arising in the Skin suddenly and by making much Urine The Cure of both Inflamations of the Reins and Bladder is made by revelling deriving cooling and moderately repelling by Anodines Resolvers or Ripeners if need be and the like whose Matter and way of using shall be as followeth And first Phlebotomy is very necessary in the Liver Vein on the same side the pain is twice thrice or four times or oftener if the strength will bear it til the defluxion ceaseth which you may know by the abating of the pain But in the Inflamation of the bladder the right side is to be chosen by reason of the Liver from whence as from a Fountain the blood floweth to the part After much blood is taken away and revulsion is made by the upper Vein you must also open the inferior for derivation sake in the Ham or Ancle as also the Hemorrhoids are to be opened especially if they be swelled Cupping-glasses with Scarrification are also good for Revulsion both above and beneath and Frictions with strong Ligatures of the extream parts to draw the humors outward After and before blood-letting give a mollifying and cooling Clyster that is a little loosening and let it be of a smal quantity lest it oppress the Tumor thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce Mallows Violets Lettice of each one handful sweet Prunes four pair Barley and Violet Leaves of each one pugil make a Decoction to eight or ten ounces In the straining dissolve of Cassia or Diaprunes simple one ounce Oyl of Violets four ounces two Yolks of Eggs Make a Clyster Allay the heat of the blood with Juleps and Emulsions made thus Take of Endive Littice and Purslain Water of each four ounces Syrup of Pomegranates two ounces Syrup of Water Lillies one ounce Make a Julep for three draughts morning and evening Or Take of Sorrel Roots two ounces Mallows Plantane Purslain and Endive of each one handful the tops of white Poppies half a handful Annis and Lettice seed of each one dram Borrage Violets and Water-lilly Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half then add four ounces of the juyce of Pomegranates Or Take of sweet Almonds blanched one ounce fresh Pine-nuts half on ounce Lettice Sorrel Purslain and Poppy seeds of each three drams beat them according to art powering on by degrees of Barley Lettice and Purslain Water one pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Sugar of Roses one ounce Make an Emulsion for three Doses in which we leave out the great cold Seeds because being Diuretick they may draw somthing to those parts especially in the time of the defluxion but in the declination they may be useful You may profitably add to the Emulsion the Syrup of Poppies to stop the flux more violently Also the parts inflamed may be cooled by Clysters made of the Decoction of the Julep aforesaid with Oyl of Roses or Violets two ounces In the beginning of these Inflamations purging is not proper for it is to be feared lest the Humors being moved should flow to the parts affected so that if there then be a great flux of the Belly it is to be stopped for that cause But when the Inflamation is a little allayed and the disease declineth a Purge made of gentle things may be good as of Manna Cassia Rhubarb Tamarinds Diaprunes simple Catholicon and Syrup of Roses with a Decoction of Lettice Purslain and other cooling things prescribed in the Juleps Or you may make a Bolus of some of them Out wardly All the time of the Disease you must apply cooling things that gently repel as moist Epithems of the Water and Juyce of Plantane Sorrel Endive Nightshade Roses with a little Vinegar red Sanders and Camphire Liniments also of Oyl of Roses and Olives Violets Cerat of Sanders white Oyntment or Populeon alone or mixed with a little Vinegar which you must apply to the parts aforesaid every hour cold Or you may make a Liniment of an Egg wel beaten with a little Oyl and Rose Vinegar Or you may make that which is excellent of Oyl of Roses with Vinegar
or drops in the Vrine and pain in the lower part of the Belly the Pecten or Perinaeum these have their disease from the Bladder If it come from the stone the signs thereof which are mentioned in its proper Chapter wil appear if they do not you must conclude that it comes from too much blood or sharpness thereof The abundance of blood wil be known by the signs of repletion and sharpness by the signs of Choller or Melancholly predominating also salt flegm in the Urine wil make a great stoppage of Urine and pissing of blood this hapneth often in old men that are very apt to be troubled with salt flegm And the pissing of blood from sharp humors is distinguished from that in the stone that in which there were first pains of the Reins and voiding of stones but not in the other whose Urine is cleer with no strange things therein And the Disease proceeds not only from immoderate Exercise which is ordinary to both causes but also from the passions of the mind when it comes from sharp humors which are much stirred up by passions so that they who are subject to this Disease after Anger and Sadness or great disturbance of the mind use commonly to piss blood As for the Prognostick A plentiful and often pissing of blood is very dangerous for it wil bring either a Consumption or a Dropsie And if it continue long it may cause an Ulcer in that part from whence the blood floweth if much blood flow at one time it wil cause a great stoppage of Urine in the Bladder or some other evil Symptomes as it encreaseth therein and grows evil qualified The Cure of this Disease is divers according to the variety of the cause And first if it come from blood abounding or from sharpness it must be first cured with Phlebotomy on the same side often and little for the better revulsion And by Cupping Friction and Ligatures in the upper parts and if blood flow violently Cupping-glasses must be applied to the Hypochondria For derivation let the Vein of the Ancle be opened and the Hemorrhoids When watery Chollerick Humors cause it let them be purged with Medicines mentioned in spitting of blood often repeated at distance To which also you may add these following at your discretion Take of the Pouder of torrefied Rhubarb one dram prepared Coral half a scruple Goats Whey or Plantane Water three ounces Make a Potion Take of Cassia newly drawn half an ounce the Pulp of Tamarinds six drams Eastern Bolearmenick half a scruple With Sugar make a Bolus After due Evacuations and Revulsions or at that time if need require you may use things to stop blood and knit the Veins And these are not presently to be used at the first left being stopped too suddenly it should grow cloddy in some part For this purpose the Juyce of Plantane newly drawn is much commended given four or five ounces in a morning and evening which is good for any kind of bleeding But if you fear it will cool the Stomach too much you may boyl it a little with Sugar Sheeps Milk is much commended by Forestus Lib. 24. Observ 13. Often saith he I have cured pissing of blood with only Sheeps Milk six ounces and one dram of Bole-armenick The same is an Experience of Gatinaria who also commands that none do sleep presently or exercise after it Also Hollerius and Duretus from Avicen and Hippocrates commend the same Also Decoctions of Knot-grass Horstail Purslain and Bramble tops are good for this adding the third part of the Juyce of sharp Pomegranates or Quinces Or to allay the heat of the Blood let him take the Apozeme following many times morning and evening Take of Lettice Purslain Plantane and Comphry of each one handful all the cold seeds of each one dram Jujubes three pair Liquoris half an ounce Water-lillies Violets and Roses of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half In the straining dissolve of Gum Traganth one dram and an half Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce and an half Lapis prunellae half an ounce the Troches of Winter-cherries without Opium half a dram Make a Julep for four Doses To thicken and stop the blood more put one ounce of Syrup of Poppies thereto Also you may give the Pouders that stop blood as of red Coral Blood-stone Bole-armenick fealed Earth either with the Apozeme or with Rose or Plantane Water If the Disease continue give this Opiate Take of Conserve of Roses and Comphry Roots of each two ounces Sealed Earth Bole-armenick Sanguis Draconis red Coral Blood-stone and Troches of Amber of each one dram Hypocystis or Conserve of Sloes Kermes berries and Plantane seeds of each one scruple with Syrup of Poppies and Myrtles of each equal parts make an Opiate of which let him take the bigness of a Chesnut morning and evening drinking after a little Plantane Water If it yet continue it is good to give at distance the Decoction of Myrobalans in Whey or the like Hollerius affirms and Duâ—etus that the Troches of Gordonius are the best for it Christopher Vega commends the Troches of Amber given with Plantane Water and saith that he cured this Disease with giving them only once at night For ordinary Drink give the Infusion of Mastich wood in Wine made thus Take of sliced Mastich wood one ounce spring Water four ounces Infuse them in Balneo Mariae very warm in a close Vessel Keep the straining for your use But because clods of blood are often retained in the bladder which beget grievous Symptomes give warm Water and Vinegar or Mallow Water and sharp Vinegar warm Let the Vinegar be so little that it is scarce tasted Apply Topicks to the Loyns that cool and astringe Take of Snakeweed and Comphry Roots of each one ounce Plantane Purslain Hors-tail Knot-grass and Sbepheards-purse of each one handful Pomegranate peels half an ounce Sumach and Myrtle berries and Hypocystis of each two drams Acron Cups red and yellow Sanders of each one dram red Roses three pugils boyl them in Smiths Water and a little Vinegar With the straining let the Reins be fomented hot Of the same Decoction you may make a Bath to sit in adding more simples Take of Vnguentum Comitissae and refrigerans Galeni of each one ounce and an half wash it with Oxycrate and anoint the Loyns therewith Or to bind more Take of the Juyce of Plantane and Blood-wort of each two ounces Vinegar half an ounce Oyl Olive six ounces boyl them till the Juyces be consumed then add of Sanguis Draconis Mastich and Pomegranate peels of each two drams Camphire half a dram Vnguentum Comitissae four drams Wax as much as will make a Liniment put a little Vinegar to it when you use it Also a Plate of Lead ful of holes worn about the Reins is good You must guard the Liver when it comes from sharp Humors with Epithems and Oyntments When it comes from the
may bind the Yard on both sides of it and take it out by Incision The Obstruction of the neck of the bladder which comes from Inflamation wil be cured with the proper Medicines against Inflamation But in the mean while if the Urine be there long detained you may gently conveigh in a searing Candle dipt in a little Oyl of sweet Almonds avoiding the Catheter left it cause pain and so encrease the Inflamation If the stoppage of Urine comes from a Caruncle you must take that away This is done by proper Medicines conveighed thither with a Wax Candle which must be done by a skilful hand And if the Caruncle swel and stop the Passage necessity wil constrain you to use the Catheter to draw away the Urine although there be danger lest the part disturbed should swel more But you must first make use of Revulsions by bleeding vomiting and Repellers to the Privities to take away the Inflamation of the Caruncle that way may be made for the Urine If suppression of the Urine come from thick flegm first it is good to purge with a Bolus made of Diaphoenicon and Rhubarb and then to give Turpentine often with Pouder of Liquoris afterwards a Decoction of opening Roots with Oxymel or Syrupus Bizantinus not omitting in the mean while Clysters Fomentations and Baths that mollifie and open And all those things will be proper which were propounded for the dissolving and expelling of the Stone And among the râ—st Experience hath taught us that these following are excellent Take of Benedict a Laxativa half an ounce the Troches of Myrrh two scruples the Decoction of Savin three ounces Mix them for a Potion By this a woman was presently cured of the stoppage of Vrine If there be abundance of Flegm in the whol Body or in the Head after blood-letting from the beginning of the Cure you must purge with an Apozeme three or four daies together Also the Julep mentioned in the Cure of the Stone of the Kidneys made of the juyce of Pellitory of the wall Sea-fennel and Lemmons with Oyl of sweet Almonds The Syrup of Rhadishes of Fernelius his Prescription given two ounces at a time is very excellent Dodonaeus in Observat Cap. 48. reports of one of fourscore yeers of age that was cured of a stoppage of Urine with dropping by a Lixivium or Lye made with ashes of Egg-shels and Rhenish Wine once taken Arnaldus Villanovanus commends the Wine of Winter Cherries in this following History mentioned in his Book of Wines There was in my time a Cardinal who had not pissed for four daies who was desperately swoln and cured by the advice of a weak Physitian with Winter-Cherry Wine and he voided as much Vrine as would fill a Bason By that only Experiment that Physitian being poor and of smal parts became a great rich man Many God bestows his Blessings upon his waies are unsearchable This kind of Wine as Arnaldus shews is made by taking five or seven or more Winter Cherries and beating them with good white Wine and then straining them and giving them to be drunk Hog-lice also beaten with white Wine and given to be drunk are good for the same The Oyl of Scorpions as Mathiolus prescribed it given five or six drops in Broth or other Liquor doth powerfully provoke Urine The often use of the Crystal Mineral doth provoke Urâ—â—â— especially when you fear inflamation which is often caused in the inward Skin of the Bladder by â—â—â— stoppage of Urine The Spirit of Salt doth it better The Vulgar Medicine of the Juyce of Pellitory of the wal â—efined four ounces with half an ounce of Sugar doth very much good You may mix therewith Sal Prunellae or Spirit of Salt If these stoppings from Flegm do often return there is nothing better than Brimstone and Niter bath-Bath-Waters which both by drinking and bathing do easily dissolve clense and consume that slimy matter A certain Noble man having his Urine suppressed many daies after other Medicines taken in vain by this following Clyster kept two hours in his Body was cured Take of the Roots of Smallage Parsley Butchers Broom Dogs-tooth Sparagus Mallows and Marsh-mallows of each two drams Pellitory of the wall two handfuls Annis Fennel Dill Caraway Carrot Ameos Carthamus Rue and Cummin seeds with Bay-berries of each half an ounce Chamomel Melilot Dill and French Lavender flowers of each two pugils boyl them in white Wine to halfs In a pint of the straining dissolve of fresh Butter four ounces Honey of Roses two ounces red Sugar one dram Benedicta Laxariva half an ounce one Egg the Oyl of Nuts Dill Lin-seed of each two ounces Make a Clyster The Chymists brag of their Medicines against this Disease namely Spirit of Salt Vitriol Sulphur and Turpentine which they give to half a scruple in convenient Liquors or Chicken Broth. They Commend also the Salt of Tartar and of Bean Stalks given from half a dram to a dram And for Revulsion of the Humor from the part affected they give Vomits and they boast that very many have been cured thereby You must all the time of the Cure use Liniments Fomentations Cataplasms and Baths and other external things which must be the same that were before mentioned for the pain in the Kidneyes Among the rest a Cataplasm made of Pellitory of the wall fryed in Butter or Oyl of Scorpions is excellent Also a Bladder half full of Oyl which will be of more force if you boyl Spanish Flies called Cantharides therein Commonly they apply a Cataplasm of fiyed Onions with Hogs Grease to the Loyns and Privities with some Eggs. But raw white Onions beaten with Oyl into the form of a Cataplasin do far better if they be applied to the Kidneys Ureters and Privities A Cataplasm made of beaten Rhadishes is good for the same When the Ischuria comes of clotted blood you must dissolve it For this purpose use Troches of Amber the Rennet of a Kid or Hair Mummy simple Oxymel and Oxymel of Squils Syrup of Vinegar and the like Outwardly a Cow-turd doth wonders according to the Judgment of Learned Aetius Tetr 3. Serm. 2. Cap. 27. Lastly When the Urine is stopt by Matter or comes only dropping you must use Clensers and Cutters such as were set down in the Cure of the Ulcer of the Reins and Bladder Chap. 9. Of Dysuria or Scalding of the Vrine BY the word Dysuria we understand all painful pissing which the Modern Writers call Scalding of the Urine Many Authors make it all one with the Strangury because there is painful pissing but they will have it differ from Dysuria in this only but because in Dysuria there is a greater quantity of Urine made than in Strangury which is therefore called pissing by drops But we had rather for Instruction sake call that Strangury which is pissing little without pain and put them in one Chapter because they must be cured both the same way and to treat here of all painful pisling
half an ounce beat them in a stone Morter powring on by degrees the Decoction of Barley Liquoris Purslain and Mallow tops one pint and an half make an Emulsion for three Doses adding to each Dose one ounce of the Syrup of Violets and one dram of Lapis prunellae and if the pain be great add a little Syrup of Poppies and one dram of Gum Arabick in pouder or the Syrup of Marsh-mallows according to Fernelius or of Mucilages You may make Broths thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots half an ounce Mallows one handful Liquoris half an ounce Quince seeds one dram boyl them with Chicken Broth make it often The Whey of Goats Milk is very good given in great draughts as we said in the hot distemper of the Liver And if there be no Feaver you may with more profit give Milk by it self because it doth not only clense but allay pain and temper the sharpness of the Humors In an old Disease it is good to give Mineral Waters that cool especially Allum Iron and Vitriol Waters for by Experience we find that they have cured this Disease when it hath been inveterate Instead of the aforesaid Juleps the simple Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets may be used by which Forestus saith Obs 4. Lib. 25. he cured a grievous Dysury many times and that there is nothing like it Forestus also Obs 3. of the same Book that an Apothecary cured himself and others with the white of an Egg beaten with Rose Water He also reports that a woman cured an old man of Delf with Chamomel flowers boyled in Milk Amatus Lusitanus 58. Curat Cent. 6. saith that a Woman was cured when all means failed with Conserve of Mallow flowers she took one ounce morning and evening and drunk after it three ounces of Mallows Water And Curat 59. he saith that one who had a Dysury after he had voided a stone was cured by the same in three daies The Conserve of Marsh-mallow slowers is of the same or greater Vertue Some commend the Troches of Winter Cherries given with convenient Liquor the quantity of a dram because they are Diuretick abate sharpness and pain When the pain is very great it is good to put the Yard when you piss into warm Milk or a Decoction of Mallows and white Poppy seeds or warm Water only A smal Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets and Conserve of Roses is good for ordinary Drink You may also make Injections into the passage of the Bladder of Milk or of an Emulsion of cold Seeds Plantane Water or Whey with the Water of a white of an Egg beaten or one scruple of the Troches of Winter Cherries External Medicines are also good as Baths half Baths Fomentations to the Privities made of cool Herbs Liniments of Oyl of Roses Water Lillies Unguent of Roses Galens cooling Oyntment Populeon with Camphire and the Mucilage of Fleabane made with Plantane Water Also you must apply Epithems that cool to the Reins and Liver and the aforesaid Liniments and the things mentioned formerly for the same When sharp and chollerick Humors flow from the Liver you may derive by an Issue in the right Leg or by opening the Hemorrhoids which is very good in al diseases of the Reins and Bladder according to that of Hippocrates Aph. 11. Sect. 6. because from the Spleen Vein called Ramus Splenicus there are branches go to the Reins Bladder and Hemorrhoids The End of the Fourteenth Book THE FIFTEENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of WOMENS Diseases The PREFACE THose are called Womens Diseases which are proper to them only and come from the defect of that part which is distinct in them from men viz. the Womb of which Democritus in his Letter to Hippocrates said that it was the cause of six hundred miseries and innumerable Calamities But we to lay down those Diseases of the Womb which are most usual will divide them thus Some come from the Vessels and some from the Body of the Womb or Cavity others are in respect of its chief and noblest act of Generation From the distemper of the Vessels of the Womb and the preternatural causes come Chlorosis or green Sickness stoppage of the Terms immoderate Flux the Whites Rage of the Womb and the Mother In the Cavity of the Womb are Inflamations Vlcers Scirrhus Cancer Gangrene Dropsie coming forth and shutting up thereof these may hinder Generation but by accident The Diseases which are in respect of Conception Breeding and Bringing forth are Barrenness acute and Chronical Diseases of Women with Child Abortion difficult bringing forth dead Child Secundine retained immoderate flux or suppression of blood and the acute Diseases of women in Child-bed All which Diseases we will speak of in as few words as the dignity of the Matter will permit Chap. 1. Of the Green-sickness called Chlorosis THis Disease by Hippocrates is called Chlorosis by the Modern Physitians the white Feaver the Virgins Disease the Pale color of Virgins the white Jaundice but vulgarly the Green-sickness It may be defined thus An evil habit of Body from the Obstruction of the Veins of the Liver Spleen and Mesentery and especially of those which are about the Womb which is accompanied with a heaviness or unwildiness of the whol Body beating of the heart difficulty of breathing a desire of evil Food and the like This Disease depends immediately upon the Obstruction of the parts in the lower Belly especially of those Veins which are about the Womb whereby the free passage of Blood to the Womb is hindered which abounding in Virgins when they begin to have their Terms and being hindered of its Natural course by those Obstructions runs to the upper parts and oppresseth the Heart Liver Spleen Diaphragma or Midriff and other parts destroyes their Natural heat stops the Vessels hence is there an evil Concoction in the Bowels and from thence their Body is ful of Crudities which being carried forth make an evil Habit. In other parts they produce divers Symptomes in the Hypochondria a swelling of the Bowels by which the Midriff is oppressed which causeth shortness of breath And because gross blood and wind are carried by the Branches of the hollow Vein and great Artery into the Heart which contend against them for fear of Suffocation by often moving of its Arteries there is a palpitation of the Heart and often a beating in the Temples Besides they have in this Disease a loathing of meat because the Stomach is filled with crude Excrements by reason of its evil Concoction and distribution which excrements having gotten an evil quality by a peculiar kind of corruption cause a desire of evil meats and things not ordained for nourishment as Salt Spices Chalk Coals Ashes and the like which Disease is called Pica Malacia or strange Longing which we have at large spoken of in its proper place among the Diseases of the Stomach The Causes of the Obstructions in the Veins of the Womb and the Hypochondria are
for Fractures which is most excellent and works it's effect without heating the Part. The following Cataplasmes are much more effectual and very prevalent in a large Flux of Blood causing danger of Death They are made either of Bole-armoniack incorporated with iuyce of Plantane and a little Vinegar and so applied Oâ— of Plaister of Paris lib. 1. incorporated with ten drachms of Gum-Arabick one pound toasted at the fire and laid upon the Parts aforesaid in Cotton-Wool The Whites of four Eggs being first mingled with it Solenander saith that this Cataplasm stops al Womens Fluxes in one day A Cataplasm or Pultis made of Nettles fried in a Pan and laid upon the Share and Privities works more kindly than the former rather by a specifical property then by it's astringency Injections made of juy ce of Plantane alone are likewise conveighed into the Womb by an Instument for that purpose which is very effectual and much cryed up by Practitioners Juyce of Knot-grass may be used to the same intent And sometimes we are wont to add to the aforesaid Juyces of the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth one ounce Starch one drachm Water of Rose-stalks and Seeds three ounces which are mixed and Injected into the Womb. Or Take of the leaves of Knot-grass Plantane Yarrow Shepherds-purse Hors-tail of each half a handful Boil all in Water sufficient to half a pint In the strained liquor dissolve three drams of Acacia Dragons-blood Bole-Armoniack and Blood-stone of each one ounce Mix all and make thereof a Clyster for the Womb. A Fume made with Vinegar poured upon a red hot Iron Plate and received by the Patient sitting over a Close-stool is very profitable or a Fume may be compounded after this manner Take of Frankinsence and Mastich of each two ounces Mirtles and Labdanum of each one ounce Amber Red Roses Balaustians of each half a drachm With the infusion of Gum Tragacanth in Red-Rose Water make Cakes to burn under a stool as before John Michael Paschalius doth test me that he cured a Woman troubled neer seven months with this Disease with the smoak of burnt Frogs and he affirms that the smoak of a Mules Hoof is an experimented Remedy wonderfully effectual in this Case Astringent Pessarles are likewise usual in this Cure Howbeit they profit little seeing they can hardly reach unto the Orifice of those Veins which are opened in this Disease But if the Veins of the Neck of the Wombare opened they may be useful and are thus Compounded Take of Juyce of Plantane or Knot-grass two ounces Troches of Carabe in pouder and Acacia of each one arachm Mix them with the White of an Egg rowl them in silk and make a Pessary Or Take of the pouder of Hyposistis Acacia Bole-Armoniack Dragons-blood Comfry roots Lambs-tongue Plantane Galls of each half a drachm Juyce of Purslain or Plantane or Syrup of Red Roses or Myrtles as much as shall suffice and with Cotton Wool make a Pessary Pessaries are likewise made of the leaves of Purslain Plantane or Knot-grass or some other convenient Herb bruised and rouled in a piece of fine Linnen or the Countesses Oyntment wrapt in Wool and put into the Womb. Neither are we to neglect the washing of the Patients Legs with cold Water or some astringent Decoction which is commonly used by Practitioners and doth not a little further the stoppage of the immoderate Courses Touching the administration of Topical Medicaments it is to be observed That astringent Medicines especially the stronger sort of them are not to be applied before sufficient Revulsions have been made especially by Blood-letting for it is to be feared least they cause Tumors or other worse Diseases in the Womb. Wherefore alwaies as far as the Disease will allow time the Cure must be begun with internal Medicines of a thickening and astringent Nature before we make use of the Topical Medicines aforesaid This Method of Cure aforesaid may with Judgment be accommodated to the Flux of Courses arising either from an opening of the mouths of the Veins or from a dreining of the blood through their Coats or from a breaking of the Coats of the Veins But if it arise from an eating or exulceration of the Coats of the Veins it ought to be cured after the same manner as an Ulcer of the Womb is cured of which hereafter In the whol Course of the Disease while the foresaid Medicaments are used care must be had to strengthen the Bowels and to correct the vitious quality of the Blood as we shewed in our Cure of the Hemorrhoids And to conclude When the Flux is allaid the same Rules of Prevention are to be used in this disease which we prescribed concerning the Hemorrhoids Chap. 4. Of the Whites A Woman is said to have the Whites the Womans Flux the Flux of the Womb or the White Menstruals when Excrementitious Humors do flow from her Womb either continually or at least without any certain order or course of time observed in their flowing And the said Excrementitious Humors are somtimes white and flegmatick very like to Whey or Barley Cream somtime they are pale or yellow or green by the mixture of Choller somtimes watery by the admixture of serous Humors somtimes blackish by the admixture of Melancholly somtimes sharp and Corrosive so as to eat into and exulcerate some parts of the Womb somtimes they are of a strong and beastly smel and other whiles again not at all offensive in that kind This Disease is wont to seize upon grown Women for the most part and such as are of riper Age yet are not Virgins alwaies free from the same so that some have done ill in daring to affirm That such Maids as are troubled with this disease have parted from their Virginity taking their Ground from the straightness of those Passages Naturally For if Virgins have the Veins of their Wombs so large that their wonted Courses can flow through them why may not the Whites likewise drop out by the same passages seeing they are many times more thin and fluxive than the Blood it self as being wheyish and chollerick The same is confirmed by the produced Experience of most learned Physitians and dayly Practice teacheth me as much viz. That the most chast and perfect Virgins in the World have had this Infirmity of whom there could be no suspicion that they had been corrupted And Fernelius doth witness That he saw a Girl eight yeers old which had this Disease and was afterward a long time grievously troubled therewith The Excrementitious Humors aforesaid are bred either in the whol Body or in some principal Part of the Body or in the Womb it self If the Humors flow from the whol Body they proceed either from bad Diet or from a vicious habitual distemper of the whol Body and they take their course unto the Womb as unto a Sink or Common-shoar whereinto the rest of the parts of the Body disburden themselves The particular parts by whose consent the Womb suffers
roots of Endive Borrage Lettice and Purslain of each half an handful of new Sebestens and Jujubes of each seven in number of the four greater cool Seeds and white Poppy Seeds of each half a drachm of red Rose-leaves a pugil Boil al in Water sufficient unto a pint and in the strained liquor dissolve Syrup of Quinces or of dried Red Roses three ounces and make a Julep for three Doses But if Melanchollick humors abound they are to be altered and Purged away by Medicines proper to that intent The use of Chalybeate milk taken forty daies together the quantity of four or five ounces is very proper for either of the aforesaid Humors whereunto may be added towards the end a little Bolearmoniack or Terra Sigillata In the whole Course of Curing it is to be considered whether any part of the Body be misaffected and so may send the matter of the Flux into the Womb and if so then care must be taken for the use of that part For if Humors flowing from the Brain do cause this Disease Remedies are to be applied to that part especially such as revel and divert the Fluxion viz. Cupping-glasses frequently fastned upon the shoulders and Back Medicines snuft up into the Nostrils Masticatories Vesicatories and Issues made in the hinder part of the Head or in the nape of the Neck instead where of Setous may be used which are more effectual And Febritius Hildanus in the forty one Cure of his first Century relates that he cured a Woman long troubled with the Whites and thereby Barren by a Seton If the Humors flow from the Stomach Liver or any other part suitable Remedies must be applied to that part The Body being prepared and the offending Humor for the most part evacuated or derived another way We must proceed to corroborating and Astringent Medicaments But they must never be used until the Antecedent matter be wel evacuated and diverted Otherwise those Humors retained do rush into the more noble parts and stir up more grievous Symptoms As Galen in the afore-cited place relates to have befallen the Wife of Boetius Whose Belly swelled by meanes of the unseasonable use of Astringents by which the Wheyish Humors were retained in her Body which were wont to pass away in the Flux It is likewise to be remembred that whilst we are in the use of Astringent Remedies we do then divert the Antecedent Matter and hinder the same from increasing by the Remedies aforesaid Amongst these principal corroborating Medicines Treacle is reckoned which is to be used in flegmatick Constitutions Conserve of Roses and of Wormwood may be mingled with the Treacle Or the following Opiate may be compounded Take Conserve of Rosemary flowers one ounce Conserve of Calamus Aromaticus two drachms Species of Diarrhodon Abbatis and of Aromaticum Rosatum of each one drachm Red Coral prepared half a drachm Treacle two drachms with Syrup of preserved Citron peeles Make all into an Electuary Or Take old Conserve of Red Roses Roots of Comfry Bugloss and Citron peeles of each one ounce Red Coral burnt shavings of Ivory Bole-armoniack Terra Sigillata Dragons-blood of each one drachm with Syrup of Red Roses dried make all into an Opiate The pouder of Sage Salsa-parilla and Baula stians taken every morning in broath is the Court-Ladies Medicine Zecheus commends this following Electuary which he had often used with happy Success Take Gum Arabick and Gum Tragacanth of each two drachms white and red Coral burnt Eg-shels Harts-horn Dill seeds Amber of each four Scruples Honey of Roses as much as will make all into an Electuary Of which give half an ounce two hours before meat Let the Patient swallow it down and drink after it four ounces of Plantane Water mingled with two drachms of red Wine Juleps may be made of rose-Rose-water Knotgrass and Plantane waters with the Syrup of Myrtles dried Roses and the like Some of the aforesaid pouders being added Mercurialis saies he frequently used a Decoction of Oak-leaves with the Runnet of an Hare wherewith he cured many Women of this Disease His manner of making his Medicine was thus Take of the Decoction of Oak-leaves five or six ounces of the Runnet of an Hare one dram Let her take this Medicine eight or then daies When the Disease comes from Choller the following Syrup may be prepared which is strengthening Astringent and cooling Thus Take red Rose Water four pints Spirit of Vitriol so much as will make the Water a little sharp but so as scarce to be perceived by taste red Roses dried three pugils Steep them in the Water cold two daies Sâ—ain it and add thereto so much Sugar of Roses as will make a Syrup And Finally Those Astringent remedies mustred up in the former Chapter touching the Immoderate Flux of Courses may be likewise useful in this Cure The Patient may use instead of ordinary drink a Diet drink of China-roots or Mastich wood with Astringent Wine mingled The same time that the Patient takes in such things as are Astringent and do strengthen the Womb she must likewise use outward Remedies applied to the place affected viz. Fomentations Baths to sit it Oyntments Plaisters Injections Fumigations and Pessaries such as have been prescribed against Immoderate Courses But before these external Astringents are applied the Womb must be well clensed Otherwise such impurities would be therein retained as returning back into the Body may cause more grievous Diseases And in our clensing we must regard the Humor offending for one sort of Clensers are fit for Flegmatick another for Chollerick Humors If the Humor be Chollerick let the Clensing Injections be made of Barley-Water Whey Water sweetened with Sugar If it be Flegmatick let them be made of Hydromel or of the Decoction of Wormwood Fever-few and the like Also a Detergent Pessary may be made of Treacle and Turpentine or of Mercury leaves bruised and wrapped up in a fine Linnen rag very thin worn Let the Patient use these Clensers before the Astringents be applied until her Womb be well purified which may be known if little or no Humors come therefrom After the Use of the Clensers the Fumes are first to be received over a Close-stool because they dry and strengehen the Womb and they may fitly be made of Frankinsence Ladanum Mastich Sanders Nutmeg and Red-Rose leaves And afterwards we must proceed to other Astringent Remedies Chap. 5. Madness from the Womb. WOmb-Furie is a sort of Madness arising from a vehement and unbridled desire of Carnal Imbracement which desire disthrones the Rational Faculy so far that the Patient utters wanton and lascivious Speeches in all places and companies and having cast off all Modesty madly seeks after Carnal Copulation and invites men to have to do with her in that way This Immoderate desire of Carnal Conjunction springs from the abundance of Seed from it's Acrimony and heat transcending the bounds of Nature whereby it is made to heave and work in the Seminal vessels as
which by a peculiar property diminish and cool the Seed Among which take these that follow for example Take Leaves of Water-lilly Willow Agnus Castus of each four handfuls Lettice Purslain Penny-wort or Two-penny Grass of each a handful the four larger cooling Seeds Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each half an ounce Dill seeds two drams the flowers of Water-lilly and Violets of each one handful Let all be stamped being fresh and let them be sprinkled with Juyce of Lemmons and distilled in Balneo Mariae and to every pint of the Water add a dram of Camphire Let the Patient take an ounce divers times Or of all or some of the Simples aforesaid a Decoction may be made and sweetened with Sugar and a little Camphire put to it to be taken divers times one after another Or an Emulsion may be made of the greater cool Seeds Lettice seeds and white Poppy seeds extracted with the Waters of Lettice Willow and Water-lillies and sweetened with Syrup of Violets An Electuary may be prescribed after this manner Take Conserve of the Flowers of Water-lillies Violets and Agnus Castus of each half an ounce Conserve of Roses half an ounce Lettice Stalks preserved one ounce Coral and Smaragd prepared of each one dram with Syrup of Violets and water-lillies make an Opiate In the greatest extremity of the Patients raving such things as procure sleep are very profitable both inward and outward Medicaments as they are set down in the Cure of Phrenzy and Madness In the whol course of the Disease Clysters which cool and gently purge are to be used taking heed of sharp Clysters and such as vehemently purge which do exagitate the Humor contained in the Womb or its Vessels whereby the Symptomes are wont to become more fiery Also Injections may be made into the Womb of the Decoction of such Herbs as have formerly been set down for Baths and other Remedies whereunto Sal Saturni may profitably be added Frequent Clysters may likewise be good to the same intent being made of Vinegar allaied with Water Also cooling Oyntments are to be applied to the Loyns Privity the Share and between the Water-gate and the Dung-gate made of Oyl of Water-lillies Oyntment of Roses Vnguentum Album Camphoratum with the Juyces of Nightshade Henbane and Water-lillies melted together adding a little Camphire Also a Plate of Lead is good to be worn continually upon the Reins In regard of the immediate Cause seeing the evacuation of the sharp and corrupted Seed may cure the Disease it is very good Advice in the Beginning of the Disease before the Patient begins manifestly to rave or in the space between her fits when she is pretty well to marry her to a lusty yong man For so the Womb being satisfied and the offensive Matter contained in its Vessels being emptied the Patient may peradventure be cured But if the Patient cannot so conveniently be married or the condition of her life will not bear that estate some advise that the Genital Parts should be by a cunning Midwise so handled and rubbed as to cause an Evacuation of the over-abounding Sperm But that being a thing not so allowable it may fuffice whilst the Patient is in the Bath to rub gently her Belly on the Region of the Womb not coming neer the Privy parts that the luke-warm temper of the Water may moderate the hotness of the Womb and that it may by the moisture be so relaxed as of its own accord to expel the Seminal Excrement and that nothing else be done with the hand save a little to open the Womb so as the Water may pass into its more inward parts forasmuch as the water will operate as much as any of those Medicines which are used to extinguish the seed withal Pessaries may be compounded to the same intent of the Leaves of Mercury bruised with a little Mirrh or the Pouder of Aristolochia or Birthwort which must be put up when the Patient is in the Bath lest otherwise the VVomb should be over-heated and after an hour it must be taken away And afterward let an Injection be made into the VVomb of VVhey or Barley water with a little Juyce of Nightshade Housleek or Hemlock which is specially commended in this Disease To purge out the Seed the following Bolus or Morsel will be very profitable Take of Venice Turpentine three drams Agaricktrochiscated one dram Carrot seed Hemp-seed and Lignum Aloes poudered of each eight grains With Sugar make all into a Bolus or Morsel to be swallowed If the Disease do yet continue let Issues be made in her Thighs for nothing is better than by such meanes to draw the matter downward from the Womb to those inferior parts And if swellings of the Spleen shall arise and Obstructions during this Cure as it often times happens they must be carefully cured with their proper Medicaments Finally Because in this Disease the Brain and Heart are grievously affected by reason of Vaporsarising from the Womb they are both of them diligently to be provided for the Brain being secured by rubbing and chafing the lower parts and by Cupping-glasses frequently fastened upon the Hipps and Groins and the heart defended by Cordial things out wardly applied both Liquid and Solid such as are described in our Chapter touching decay of strength Chap. 6. Of the Mother-Fits or Womb-sickness WHen Seed and Menstrual Blood are retained in Women besides the intent of Nature they putrefie and are corrupted and attain a malignant and venemous quality from whence venemous Vapors are elevated and carried to divers parts of the Body from whence divers Symptomes do arise and those so divers that Democriâ—us might justly say in his Letter to Hippocrates That the VVomb is Author of a thousand sad Sorrows and innumerable Calamities And Hippocrates himself saies in his Book of Virgins Diseases That miserable VVoman-kind is commonly laded with incomprehensible and manifold Diseases All which Infirmities we intend to explain in this Chapter under the name of Mother-Fits herein imitating Galen who in his sixt Book of Parts Affected and the fift Chapter saies that the Mother or Hysterical Passion is but one name indeed yet comprehending under it divers and innumerable Accidents Notwithstanding all late Writers in a manner do handle â—he Suffocation of the Womb under the Title of Hysterical Passion calling a particular Symptome by such a name as is common to many others because it of al the rest is most frequent and most troublesom But herein the very best Authors seem to have been superfluous in their Treatises of Womens Diseases while in different Chapters they describe several Diseases springing from the Womb viz. Suffocation of the Womb Head-ach Epileptical fits Palpitations of the Heart Pulsation of the Arteries about the short Ribs and in the Back the Diseases of the Stomach Liver and Spleen arising from the Womb and divers pains in sundry parts of the Body arising therefrom seeing all these Infirmities do arise from one and the same
whom he gave every fourth day five ounces of the Decoction of Senna Epithimum red Roses and Indian Myrobalans sweetened with Sugar using to cast clensing Decoctions as Injections into her womb For to be ever in a readiness This following Magisterial Syrup may be compounded Take of the greater Comfry Roots and new Polypody of the Oak of each one ounce Citron peels dried six drams Leaves of Plantane Vinca pervinca Ladies mantle Sorrel Maiden-hair of each a handful Liquoris scraped and split and Raisons stoned of each one ounce Senna clensed six ounces Carthamus seeds bruised two ounces Agarick newly made into Cakes and bound in a Cloth ten drams Musk-melone seeds and Annis seeds of each three drams the Cordial Flowers Rosemary Flowers and Epithimum of each one pugil Make of all a Decoction in Barley Water in part whereof infuse of choyce Rhubarb half an ounce Cinnamon one dram In a pint and half of the strained Liquor dissolve three ounces of the Syrup of Damask Roses and as much Sugar as shall be requisite to make it into a Syrup perfectly boyled Of this let her take two or three ounces twice or thrice in a month with some Decoction of Agrimony and Plantane or the Infusion of Rhubarb in Endive Water If the Patient be easie to vomit a purge upwards by Vomit is to be preferred before the other because it draws back the Humors from the womb In the spaces between purging a Vulnerary Decoction is long to be used which may be made after this manner Take Leaves of Agrimony Burnet Knotgrass Plantane of each half a handful China Roots three drams Coriander seeds one dram Currence half a dram red Sanders one scruple Boyl all in the Broth of a Chicken Let the Patient take of the strained Liquor morning and evening Or Take Leaves of Mugwort Plantane Yarrow of each one handful Rhaponticum half an ounce Agnus Castus seed one dram Boyl all in a sufficient quantity of white Wine Sweeten the strained Liquor with Sugar and give her two or three ounces in a morning If a Feaver urge and great quantity of bloodyish Quittor be voided Whey and Milk will be very good let her take eight ounces or more in a morning adding a little Honey of Roses or Sugar If her flesh begin to fall a way with tokens of an Hectick Feaver Milk especially Asses Milk must be given with Sugar of Roses for a whol month Sweat-provoking Medicines may likewise do good where there is no Inflamation nor hot distemper to dry the Ulcer and to revel the serous humors towards the habit of the Body Turpentine washed in some convenient water for the womb as of Mugwort or Feaverfew or in some water respecting the Ulcer as of Plantane and red Roses taken now and then with Sugar of Roses doth clense and consolidate or fil up the Ulcer Pils of Bdellium given to a dram at a time or every day or once in two daies one scruple do very much good and stop the blood in case it flow Or new Pills may be made on purpose to be used after the same manner thus Take Bdellium three drams Mirrh Frankinsence of each one dram Sarcocella Storax Amber Cheb-Myrobalans of each half a dram red Coral two scruples With Syrup of Poppies make a Mass fit for Pills whereunto in case of extream pain a little Opium may be added Trochisci Alkekengi Cakes compounded with Winter-Cherries of which consult my London Dispensatory with Opium are likewise being poudered given to drink down where the Patient is troubled with great pain Also to mitigate pain the same Remedies may be used which we prescribed for that intent in our discourse of the Inflamation of the womb This following Pouder is very effectual to dry up the Ulcer Take Acacia Juyce of Hypocistis of each one dram Dragons blood fine Starch Plantane Roots Birthwort or round Aristolochia Roots of each half a dram Bole Armoniack one dram Mastich Sarcocolla of each half a dram Make all into a most sine Pouder whose Dose let be one dram with Plantane water red Rose water or water wherein Steel hath been often quenched Zacutus Lusitanus in the 87. Observation and the 88. of his second Book propounds an Electuary and a Water wherewith he witnesseth that he had cured Ulcers of the womb judged incurable Any one may find the Description of them in the places above cited To clense dry and fill up the Ulcer divers sorts of Injections are usually made which are nevertheless not to be used until the Inflamation be first taken away which is oftentimes attendant upon these kind of Ulcers and until the pain be asswaged which is not only very troublesom but also by vexing the part it is wont to encrease the flux of Humors In regard therefore of that same Inflamation and sharpness of Humors let Emulsions of the cooling Seeds VVhey of Goats Milk or Milk it self either alone or mingled with the Juyce of Plantane and Shepheards-purse or if need be a Decoction of Poppy heads and the tops of Mallows be first of al injected Some Practitioners are of Opinion that luke-warm water alone doth very much good in these cases if it be often injected And there is reason for it seeing by that means the heat and Inflamation of the womb is tempered the pain is asswaged and the filth adhering to the Ulcer is washed off Valescus de Taranta doth approve of cold water likewise in these words I have known saies he some women who perceiving they had Vlcers in their wombs did wash them with cold Water and then wipe them clean and dry them with linnen cloaths which they did often prâ—â— in at the Watergate And by these means often renewed they came many times to be perfectly cured The hot distemper taken away and the pain asswaged or for the most part diminished we must proceed to Clensers first using the more light and easie Clensers and after the more strong The gentle Clensers are VVhey taken with Sugar Barley water sweetened with Sugar or Honey of Roses to make it more clensing or Hydromel simple see my Dispensatory a mixture of water and honey boyled a while together For a more strong Clenser use the Decoction of Barley Lintels shaled Beans and the Leaves of Smallage Pellitory of the wal Plantane boyled together a little Honey of Roses being added to the straining VVhen the Ulcer is very foul the wound-decoction commonly called Aqua Catapultarum is the best thing that can be used whose Composition is thus Take the Roots of Gentian Rhapontick Zedoary and round Aristolochia or Birthwort of each one ounce white Wine six pints boyl all till a third part of the Liquor be consumed In the straining dissolve half a pound of white Sugar Let it be kept for use as occasion requires Or the following Decoction may be provided Take of whol Barley course Bran and red Roses of each one pugil Leaves of Agrimony Wormwood Woodbind and Smallage of each one handful
It is caused by black Choller gathered in that part or by reason of a Scirrhus or senceless hard tumor il cured which easily turns into a Cancer especially in this part of the Body by reason of the copious afflux of blood which being retained in those Veins which are nigh unto the Scirrhus and not sufficiently evacuated by the monthly purgations it becomes adust or burned and acquires a malignant disposition It is ordinarily reckoned to be of two sorts Ulcerate and not Ulcerate So long as the Morbifick matter is of lesser Acrimony and Malignity it causeth a Cancer not ulcerated but when it grows more sharp by putrefaction or adustion it doth exulcerate the tumor and produce an ulcerated Cancer The Disease may easily be known by the definition propounded for if an hard Tumor resisting the touch be felt in the Body of the Womb or its Neck causing a pricking and cutting pain we may pronounce boldly that it is a Cancer Yet it is more evidently distinguished by the eye-sight when it may be seen as in the Neck of the Womb it may be with help of a Womb-perspective Instrument for we shal see an uneven and bunching swelling Lead-colored or black compassed about with certain branches of Veins as it were with roots but if it be ulcerated it sends forth a certain blood-watry quittor or matter which is yellow or black and stinking and somtimes blood by corrosion of the Veins which pass through that part somtimes in such quantity that the Patient incurs danger of death Hereunto is added a smal Feaver unquietness Stomach-sickness an heat in and about the Water-Gate c. By way of Prognostication we can only say thus much That a Cancer is incurable be it ulcerated or not ulcerated Which as it is true of al Cancers not excepting those in the outer parts of the Body much more is it of a Cancer in the Womb by reason of that perpetual Common-shore of Excrements which flows into the part Seeing then a perfect Cure cannot be hoped for we must content our selves with such a Cure as is called Palliative The scope whereof is to hinder a not ulcerated Cancer from ulcerating and an exulcerated Cancer from becoming more exulcerate and in both to allay and temper the extremity of the pain Which must be done first by universal Purgations of the whol Body and by other Medicines which may qualifie and evacuate the black Chollerick and Melanchollick blood and hinder the further generation thereof In the number of which are bleeding in the Arm Anckle and Hemorrhoid Veins Potions Apozems Juleps Broths Milk Whey cold Mineral Waters and such like Remedies as these usually prescribed by Practitioners for the Cure of al Cancers in what part of the Body soever And especially Purgations must be frequently reiterated that the antecedent matter of a Cancer may be abated And then outward Remedies are to be used such as are moderately cool and astringent without any corrosive or biting quality they are commonly applied in form of Liniments or Oyntments The best are made after this manner Take Oyl of Myrtles and Roses of each two ounces Juyce of Nightshade and Housleek of each one ounce Stir all together in a Leaden Morter with a Leaden Pestle until they grow black then add Litharge of Silver and Ceruss both washed in Scabious Water of each two drams Camphire ten grains Make all into an Oyntment with which let the part affected be smeared three or four times a day Or Take Oyl of Egg-yolks and of Roses of each one ounce and an half Sugar of Lead one dram Stir them together in a Leaden morter till their color change This following puts down al the rest wherewith Swellings of the Dugs which have been accounted Cancerous have been perfectly cured Take Egg-yolks Oyl two ounces Juyce of Nightshade and Veronica or Housleek of each half an ounce Quick-silver not killed two drams Stir them lustily together in a leaden morter with a leaden pestle till they become thick as an Oyntment The foresaid Oyntments are to be conveyed into the womb upon long tents or upon wax Candles wound in Linnen But Injections may much more easily be conveyed into the Womb. They are compounded on this manner Take Barley Water half a pint Nightshade and Plantane Water of each two ounces Water of Housleek one ounce white Troches of Rhasis two drams Sugar of Lead one dram Make of 〈◊〉 In section 〈◊〉 in be very vehement add to four ounces of the Injection one ounce of Syrup of Poppies Also let the part affected be fomented with the waters of Plantane and Nightshade or their Decoctions whereunto may be added the Leaves of Water-lilly white Poppy red Roses and Camphire Which Decoction may also frequently be injected into the womb and it wil become much more effectual if it shal be wel wrought about in a Leaden morter or a dram of the Sugar of Lead be added to it Among Specifick Remedies Frogs are commended being washed and boyled and laid on as a Pultiss or their Broth being used as an Injection Also the Decoction or juyce of River Crabs iâ—â—ected into the womb As also Herb Robert used inwardly or outwardly If the Cancer be ulcerated the Dose of Minerals must be augmented in the foresaid Liniments and to them the ashes of River Crabs may profitably be added And with the Injections the white Troches of Rhasis may be mingled and Barley Water with the Materials of the foresaid Injection If pain be very urgent Fomentations of Mallows Marsh-mallows Water-Lillies Poppy Henbane Green Coriander Dil Fleawort seeds Milk Saffron and the like are to be used at convenient seasons or Pultisses made of them are to be applied And of their Decoctions Injections and Baths to sit in may be provided Yet wil not al these Medicaments somtimes serve turn to pacifie a most cruel pain which somtimes gives the Patient neither rest nor sleep Which compels us many times to make use of Narcotick or stupefactive Medicines which in this Disease by reason of the exceeding Heat of the Humors do less hurt And I have seen a woman having a Cancer in her Dug that took every night for four months together two or three grains of Laudanum and had no hurt but very great comfort thereby If from an ulcerated Cancer much blood do proceed as it often fals out let Juyce of Plantane with a little Frankinsence be injected into the womb Chap. 11. Of Mortification or Gangrenation and Sphacelation or Blasting of the Womb. A Gangrene is the corruption or mortification of a part beginning but when it is wholly corrupted and dead it is said to be Sphacelated or blasted In the Genital parts of Women this Disease is easily bred because those parts are moister and softer than ordinary and do easily receive the Excrements of the whol Body It often follows an Inflamation Imposthume Ulcer or Cancer il cured when the vital heat of the part is choaked or destroyed It is choaked in
one foot or when it endeavors to come forth doubled with its breech or its belly foremost In regard of the Childs Adjuncts or certain things belonging to the Child difficulty of Travail happens when those membranes which enclose the Child are more thin than ordinary so that they come to break sooner than they should whence followed an over quick effusion of the waters conteined therein whereupon the mouth of the Womb remaines dry at the time of the exclusion of the Infant or where the foresaid Membranes are more thick and compact than ordinary by which means the Child is hardly able to breake them External Causes depend upon things necessary and things contingent the things necessary are such as Physitians commonly call res non naturales things not natural So a cold and dry air and the Northern-wind are very hurtfull to women in travail because they straiten the whol Body drive the Blood and spirits inwards and prove very destructive to the Infant coming forth of so warm a place as the Womb. Also air more hot than ordinary dissipates the spirits and exhausts the strength both of Mother and Child easily introduceing a feaverish Inflammation into a Body replenished with ill humors and exagitated Meates raw and hard to digest or of an astringent quality taken in a large Quantity before the time of travail may render the same laborious the stomach being weakened and the common passages stopped which in this case ought to be very free and open Sleepyness and Sottishess do slacken the endeavours both of the Mother and the Child and shew nature to be weak Unseasonable stirring of the woman doth much delay the Birth of the Child whenas she refuses to stand to walk lie down or to sit upon the Midwifes stoole as need shall require or when she is unduely agitated to and fro whence it comes to pass that the Child cannot lâ—â—ue in a sitting posture or looses the good posture it had by reason of the Mothers undue and disorderly moveing her self The retention of Excrements at the time of Travail as of Urin distending the Bladder of hard excrements in the streight Gutt and hemorrhoids much Swelled do straiten the neck of the Womb and divert nature from her endeavour of expelling the Child And in a word vehement Passions of mind as Fear Sadness Anger may very much encrease the difficulty of Child birth To things contingent are referred Blowes Falls wounds which may very much hinder the Birth hereunto likewise appertain the parties assistant in time of travail to help the labouring woman viz. strong women and maid servants which may lift her up and support her when she is in her labours and especially an expert Midwife which ought to mannage the whol Business For if the Midwife err in her office it is wont to cause difficulty of Birth For sometimes the Midwises do over soon exhort the Childing woman to hold their breath and to strain themselves to exclude their Child while the bands which fasten the Child to the Womb are as yet unloosed by which means the strength of the woman is wasted before hand which should have bin reserved to the just time of her travail Yea and the truth is while the Midwifes do oversoon perswade the Childing women that the time of their travail is at hand they bend all their strength to exclude the Child and oftentimes violently break those bands with which the Child is fastened and cast themselves into no small Jeopardy Hard Travail is known both by the Childing woman and by the Assistants but especially by the Midwife And in the first place if the woman continue a longer time than ordinary in her Labors as two three four or more daies whereas a truly natural Child-birth ought to be accomplished within the space of 24. Houres Again it is a Sign of an hard Labor if the womans paines be weak and are long before they return and if her paines are more about her Back than Privities And the Causes of hard travail are known by relation of the Childing woman and are for the most part evidently to be seen So the weakness of the woman her over leanness or over fatness is perceived by the habit of her Body Diseases of the Womb are known by their proper Signes The Childs weakness is known by its weak and slow moving it self But the Signes of a dead Child shall be declared in the next Chapter The greatness of the Child may be gathered from the stature of the Parents especially when a big-Bodyed man is matched with a little woman But when there are none of these Signes and the woman labours stoutly and the Child stirrs and makes its way sufficiently and yet the travail is hard and painful it is a token that the secundine or After-birth is stronger than ordinary and can hardly be broken which conjecture is more probable if no water or moisture come from the woman dureing her Labors The disorderly posture of the Child is perceived by the Midwife and the other Causes are visible to the Eye as we said before As for the Prognostick Hard-Travail is of it self dangerous in which sometimes the Mother sometimes the Child and sometimes both do loose their lives If a woman be four daies in Labor it s hardly possible the Child should live Sleepy diseases and convulsions which befall a woman in Travail are for the most part deadly Sneezing which befalls a woman in sore Travail is good Out of Hippocrates in his Aphorismes To cure difficulty in Child-birth first all causes which may delay the birth are as much as may be to be removed And afterwards such Medicines as further the Birth are Methodically to be administred And in the first place it is common among the women to give a groaning wife a spoonfull or two of Cinnamon Water Or Cinnamon it self in Pouder with a little Saffron may be given or half a dram of Consectio Alkermes may be drunk in a little Broath Also Saffron alone being given ten graines in every Mess of Broath the woman takes or every hour being taken in a little Wine is very good Or. Take Oyl of sweet Almonds and White Wine of each two ounces Saffron and Cinnamon of eath twelve graines Confectio Alkermes half a dram Syrup of Maiden Hair one ounce and an half Mix all and make thereof a potion If this shall not suffice but that stronger things must be used the following potion wil be most effectual which I have had frequent experience of Take Dictamnus Cretensis both the Birthworts and Trochiscs or Cakes of Myrrh of each half asc uple Saffron and Cinnamon of each twelve grains Confectio Alkermes half a dram Cinnamon Water half an ounce Orange-flower and Mugwort Water of each an ounce and an half Make all into a potion Among the more effectual sort of Medicaments are numbred Oyl of Amber Oyl of Cinnamon and extract of Saffron which do in a little quantity work â—â—ch viz. Extract of Saffron
are to be used as do revel the Blood into the superior parts as rubbings and bindings of the upper parts Cupping-glasses fastened under the short Ribs on either side It is good likewise to bath the Patients hands in hot Wine in which Confectio Alkermes or Venice Treacle hath been dissolved Also let her Belly be moderately swathed with a Rowler or Swath-band because hereby the Vessels of Blood will be pressed together and the immoderate flux hindered Let Linnen Cloths be applied to her Loyns moistened with a mixture of Water and Vinegar by which the blood contained in the Vena Cava is tempered and the motion thereof hindered If the flux be very immoderate and weaken the Patient so that there is danger of Death we must have speedy recourse to stronger Remedies Among the rest this following Potion hath commonly good success Take Waters of Plantane Orange flowers and Roses of each one ounce Syrup of Corals or where it is wanting of red Roses one ounce Sal Prunella one dram Dragons blood ten grains Make all into a Potion If the flux do yet continue a Pouder or an Electuary for divers Doses may be prescribed after this manner Take Blood-stone four scruples Pouder of Bole-Armoniack red Coral prepared Pearls of each one dram Seeds of Plantane Coriander prepared and grains of Sumach of each two scruples Mix all and make them into a most fine Pouder of which let her take one dram with the Decoction of Knotgrass and Syrup of Quinces Take Conserves of Roses and of Comfrey Roots of each one ounce Bole-Armoniack Troches de Carabe and prepared coral of each one dram with syrup of coral or of dried red Roses make all into an Electuary of which let her take the Quantity of a Chestnut drinking a little of her ordinary drink after it Also a fomentation and an Oyntment will profitably be applied outwardly made after this manner Take Topps of the red Mastich or Lentisch Plantane Cypress Olive and Solomons Seal of each one handfull Red Rose Leaves two pugills Myrtle Berries one ounce and an half Cypress-Nuts six Peels of Pomgranates two pugils Boyl all in Steel-quenched Water and astringent harsh red Wine and with the strained Liquour bath the Privie Parts very lukewarm and almost coldish Take of the Countesses Oyntment or Uuguentum Comitissae two ounces Jâ—yce of Plantane one ounce worke them together into one Oyntment to be used after the fomentation Also an Injection may be made of the Juyce of Plantane into the Womb commended by Galen in the fifth Book of his Method or of the Decoction of the foresaid fomentation Other remedies not helping to open a vein in the Arm is a present Cure if the Blood be drown out in distant spaces of time for experience hath taught that many women given over as it curable have by this means recovered And finally the disease still remaining all Medicines prescribed for the immoderate flux of the monthly courses may be used in this Case likewise And among the Medicines for immoderate Courses Cataplasmes were propounded to be applied to the share and Loines unto which the following Cataplasm or pultis may be added very good for all immoderate fluxes of Blood but especial for these Child-Bed Purgations Take Pure Soot from the Chimney not mixt with Dart eight ounces work it lustily with the strongest Vineger and make a pultis to be applied to the Reines of the Back And it is here specially to be noted touching sleep that while the Blood flowes plentifully the woman must not be suffered to sleep for many by that means are taken away because the natural heat retiring inward causes the flux to be greater And if sleep in such a case cannot be avoided some must be alwaies by of the servants to feel her pulse and mark how she fetches her Breath In a word if clotters of Blood do settle in the Womb and cause a pain and stretching therein endeavour must be used speedily to bring it out least coming to putrefy they transmit filthy vapours to the Brain and Heart and cause a feaver Therefore the Childing woman if strong enough ought to walk gently or stand bolt upright for some time together or to sit upon the groaning Chair as if she had list to stool And if this suffice not the clotters are to be dissolved with a warm Decoction of French Barly and a little Oxymel or honey of Roses injected into the Womb. But here we must go warily to work least while we bring out the clotters the flux of Blood be afresh provoked Chap. 22. Of Suppression of Child-bed Purgations THe good and happy success of Child-bearing doth especially depend upon the convenient and orderly flux of the Loches or Child-bed Purgations seeing the Impurities which have bin collected in the veins of the Womb during the nine months time of the womans Belly-bearing are wont to be avoided by these evacuations but if they be suppressed wholly or diminished insinite Dangers and Calamities arise thereby viz. acute Feavers Phrenzies Madness Melanchollies Squinzâ—es Pleurisies Inflammations of the Lungs and other swellings which are for the most part malignant The Cause of this supression or imminution are the thickness of the Blood narrowness or obstruction of the vessells which hinders the free egress of the Blood cold air heedlesly received into the Womb which closes the Orifice of the vessels taking cold at the feet drinking of small cold Drink fear Affrightment sadness and other Passions of the mind which withdraw the Course of the Blood from the Womb. This Suppression is manifest of it self and the diminution thereof is not to be judged by the Quantity which comes away because some women have more superfluous blood and some less But the perfect knowledg thereof is gathered from the supervenient Symptoms such as are a swelling of the Belly a pain possessing the nethermost part of the Belly the Loines and Groines redness of face difficulty or breathing perturbation of the Eyes shivering fits Feavers Fainting fits and other Symptomes related before The Prognostick is drawn out of the Symptomes propounded as supervenient to this Disease for they being for the most part dangerous the cause from which they spring must needs be very dangerous likewise Childing women are freed from the foresaid danger if some other evacuation happen which may at least in some measure supply the desect of these purgations as Bleeding at the Nose or by the hemorrhoid veins plenty of Urine with a sooty setling or plentiful sweating Or if after some daies Lead-colored black and stinking matter begin to flow forth But it is to be feared lest by the corrupt blood ulcers should be bred in the womb The whol Cure of this Malady consists in the provocation of these Purgations which must be endeavored by such Medicines as provoke the Course of the Blood downwards and open the Vessels of the Womb. And in the first place Emollient Purging and Opening Clysters are to be administred made after
this manner Take Roots of Marsh-mallows and Water-lillies of each one ounce the long and round Birthwort of each three drams Leaves of Mallows Marsh-mallows Pellitory Mercury of each one handful Line seed and Fenugreek seed of each half an ounce Flowers of Chamomel and Elder of each two pugils Boyl all to a pint In the strained Liquor dissolve Oyl of Dill and Lillies of each one ounce Hiera simplex half an ounce Unguentum de Arthanita one dram Mix all into a Clyster Let her Thighs be rubbed downwards let the Toes of her Feet be tied till they ake again let divers Cupping-Glasses be fixed to her Groyns and Hips and let some of them be scarrified If these means suffice not open the Veins about the Knees or of both the Thighs or the Hemorrhoid Veins if Nature seem to incline that way If a Feaver be caused by suppression of these Purgations a Vein must be opened in the Arm as shall be said in the Diseases of Women in Child-bed This following Fomentation may be applied to her Belly beneath the Navel and to the Privy Parts Take Roots of Marsh-mallows Lillies Briony Angelica and Birthwort round and long of each an ounce Leaves of Mercury Mugwort Penyroyal Savine Calaminth of each one handful Lin-seeds and Fenugreek seeds of each an ounce Flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder Tansie of each a pugil Beat them and cut them according to art and put them into two bags which boyl in Fountain Water and apply by course one after another After Fomentation anoint the foresaid Parts with Oyl of Lillies Sweet Almonds and Sesamum adding thereto a little Saffron Hereunto may be added such Pessaries and Fumigations as have been set down in our Chapter of Suppression of the Courses beginning with the most gentle Let her drunk a Decoction of opening Roots Cinnamon and red Vetches with a little Saffron Or Take Opening Roots of each two drams Leaves of Bettony Endive Maiden-hair of each a handful Schaenanth one pugil Annis seed and Fennel seed of each one scruple red Vetches a spoonful Boyl all to a pint and an half To the strained Liquor ad Cinnamon Water two drams Syrup of the five opening Roots three ounces Let her take four ounces twice a day Before the Feaver be encreased we may somtimes give Troches of Mirrh one dram with white Wine or Fennel water Forestus useth the following Decoction though there be a Feaver Take French Barley one handful Liquoris scraped half an ounce Schaenanth one dram and an half Boyl all to a pint for three Doses For the weaker he causeth one dram of Schaenanth to be boyled in Chicken Broth which he gives the Patient to drink Also a Purgation may be convenient seven or nine daies after she is delivered of the Infusion of Rhubarb Agarick or Senna or with a Laxative Broth made of opening Herbs and Roots with Senna or with an ounce and an half of Manna dissolved in Broth. Chap. 23. Of Gripings after Child-bearing GRipings do so frequently betide Women in Child-bed that very few Women are free from them But they are not wont to seek to the Physitian for these Pains because within two or three daies they go away But if they happen more sharp and of longer durance than ordinary they are forced to send for the Physitian who before he prescribe any thing must consider the Causes The chief Causes of Gripings and Pains after Child-birth are the plenty of Blood its thickness sharpness and narrowness of the Vessels For the Veins of the VVomb having for nine months forborn their usual evacuation of blood and the blood being gathered in great quantity and by its retention becoming thick and sharp while it goes through the narrow passages it causeth pains which return by fits as often as the womb endeavors a new expulsion of blood which being over they cease till such time as other blood doth seek its way forth Somtimes these gripings are caused by Winds or by Cold received into the Womb but not so often These Pains are differenced from others which are wont to afflict the Belly by their continuance and by the distances of holding up which they observe according to distant fits of the bloods issuing forth and the women themselves can easily distinguish these pains from all others Thick blood is known by clottering but the thin blood by its tenuity fresh color or yellowish If the Pain spring from wind it is more wandring being somtime in one part of the Belly and somtimes in another neither doth it observe the distances in which the Blood issues If cold Air have entred the Womb it may be known by a relation of what hath been acted about the sick woman These pains are not dangerous but for the most part exceeding troublesom therefore must be removed or mitigated as soon as may be The Cure of these Gripings ought to be directed to these ends viz. That the Vessels of the VVomb be made wider the Blood thinner and its sharpness mitigated All which may be accomplished by these following Medicaments And first of all let the Patients Belly be gently swathed that her womb may settle and not be moved this way and that way as often falls out after Child-birth by reason of the sudden evacuation Then give her three ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn with an ounce and an half of Syrup of Violets and two ounces of Hippocras Let Clysters be cast in of Milk and Sugar with the Yolks of Eggs. Or they may be made of a Decoction of Chamomel flowers and Mugwort in Pullet Broth adding Oyl of Lillies and the Yolks of Egs. Anoint her Belly with Carminating or Wind-expelling and opening Oyls as Oyl of Dill Rue Jasmine or with this following which being of great efficacy ought to be made in time convenient and kept in the Apothecaries Shop for such occasions Take Roots of round Birthwort Orice and Peony of each one ounce Cypress Roots half an ounce dried Leaves of Mugwort Feaverfew Origanum Calaminth Penyroyal Dictamnus Cretensis Wormwood Savin Rue Bettony and Sage of each one handful Flowers of Rosemary Stoechados Lavender Chamomel Dill St. Johns wort and Elder of each half a handful Bay-berries and Juniper berries of each half an ounce Seeds of Cummin Rue Piony Carrots and Agnus Castus of each three drams Cloves Nutmeg Cinnamon Ginger of each two drams Storax and Mirrh of each one ounce Let all being beaten and cut be steeped in six pints of old Oyl adding a little white Wine And put them in an Earthen Vessel close stopped the space of a week and then boyl them over hot Embers the space of four oâ— five hours then let the Oyl be strained out and reserved for use If the foresaid Oyl be wansing upon occasion let the foresaid simples boyl in equal portions of Oyl and white Wine till the white Wine be consumed then let the Oyl be strained out Also a Fomentation may be made of the Decoction of Mugwort Bawm
Green Tobacco Leaves beaten and laid on do ease the Gout and are said to be of a stupefactive Nature As for the Efficient Cause of the pain to the Humor flowing into the Part repelling Medicaments must be opposed and to that which is allready in deriving and resolving Medicaments must be applied Howbeit repelling Medicines are disallowed in this Case especially alone and without the commixture of other things For if they shal wholly stop the influx of the matter into the Parts affected it is to be Feared least they retiring to the inward Parts should cause dangerous diseases unless they happen to be translated to some other Joynt Again the Humor which hath already flowed into the Part is the more driven inward by which means the Pains become more violent But yet if in the beginning of the Gout there be a great afflux of Humors especially hot ones which threatens sharp Pains to follow it will be convenient in some measure to repress the same by applying repellers not alone but mixed with such things as mitigate Pain after universal and sufficient Evacuations For then such things as do overmuch relax do help forward the afflux of Humors And therefore we may ad unto the foresaid cataplasmes and other remedies Plantane Lettice Purslane Housleek and such like as also a little Vineger As for example Take Barley Meal three ounces Boyl it in Water and Vineger add two Yolks of Eggs Saffron twenty grains Make all into a Pultis Or Take Red Roses an Handful Barley and Fenugreek Meal of each one ounce Red Sanders one dram and an half Chamomel Flowers one pugil when they are Boyled and beaten add two Yolks of Eggs Vineger four ounces Oyl of Roses as much as shall suffice make all into a Pultis Among remedies which derive the Humor from the Part affected are Horse-Leeches after sufficient Evacuation applied thereunto for then they do much good especially when the Veins in the Part affected do seem distended and swelling with Blood Now resolving Medicaments are wont to be used in divers forms as of Waters Oyls Unguents Balsoms Fomentations Fumigations Cataplasmes Plaisters and the like compounded after this manner Take Vitriol white and green of each one ounce camphire two drams aqua vitae and white Wine of each one pint Mix them and apply them with cloathes dipped in them Or Slake Lime in Urine purifie the Liquor and foment the Pained place therewith It is likewise good if it be done with Vineger and Lime Martinus Rulandus in the Centuries of his Cures doth mightily cry up his Gout-quelling Water but never describes the same But Libavius Petreus and others suppose it was thus made Take Fountain Water a Pint Aqua fortis half an ounce Sublimate one dram Boyl them a quarter of an hour Wet linnen cloaths in this Liquor and apply them luke-warm to the Part affected Quercetanus in his Pharmacopoeia propounds these following Take Pickle of salt and the Vrin of a Boy of each Equal Parts Still them and Wet Linnen Cloathes in the Water and apply to the place affected often changing the cloathes for fresh ones Take Green Elder Leaves and flowers of each one pound beat them and steep them in Aqua vitae for two or three daies still them in a Glass or Copper vessel till they be dry Take Spirit of Wine rectified two pounds of the finest honey one pound Distill them in Balneo Vaporoso So you shall still two Liquors The first is watrish The second much stronger and Sulphureous which you shall keep by it self To the remaining materialls add an ounce and an half of whol Oriental saffron Venice turpentine two ounces Castoreum six drams Tartar calcined till it be white half a pound dissolved salt an ounce Phlegm of vitriol not separate from its spirit four ounces Lie made of Vinetree-Ashes two pound steep them together twenty four hours Then still them til they become dry keep the Liquor which comes likewise by it self To the Dreggs remaining pour on the former Water which you kept Steep them and still them Lastly put all the distilled Waters together and distill them in Balneo Vaporoso Quercetanus saies That this Water is of wondrous efficacy and that it was communicated unto him by a certain most famous German as a special guift affirming that this was the very Water of Rulandus And he averred that he had seen the rare effects thereof in easing the Pains of the Gout if Linnen cloathes being moderately warmed and dipped therein be applied to the Part affected The same Quercetanus in his Councel touching the Gout doth brag that he reserves to himself his Gout-quelling Water as a Master-peice for such an old soldier as himself to boast of which he saies is made of plain Fountaine Water wherein he doth divers times quench certain Metallick substances which are wont to be taken inwardly when rightly prepared whose spirits being impressed into the foresaid Water do contribute thereunto the power of penetrating unto the Roots of the Disease and of truly resolving the Tartarous stony matters with the salts which are combined in the Joynts from whence such intollerable Pains do arise Peradventure this that follows it not unlike it nor a whit inferior in Virtue Take Vnslaked Lime four pound Slak it in River-water as much as you please and let it stand in a Wine Cellar three daies that the Salt may be better extracted out of the Chalk or Lime Afterward let them Boyl a little and strain the Liquor through an Hippocras Bag. In twenty pints of the strained Liquor quench seven or nine times first Plates of steel red hot then Plates of Copper red hot and thirdly to the quantity of ten ounces of Vitriol calcined till it be white fourthly Antimony melted in a Crucible to half a pound fifthly Litharge or Ceruse heated in a Crucible half a pound white Precipitate once washed and no more one ounce and an half Brassburnt and finely Poudered half an ounce After the quenching of these mineralls let the water stand still in a Wine Cellar the space of ten daies Afterward Boyl it a little and strain it through an Hippocras Bag. In this Water being hot doubled cloathes must de dipt and frequently applied to the Gouty Part. Among Fomentations easie to make that is commended which is made of Salt Ammoniack seven times sublimed and fitly dissolved in Wine or Water or of the Urin of a young man in good health Boyled till half be consumed and laid on with Raggs Solenander Writes in his 24. Counsel Section the 4. That a certain Gouty old man was wont to make himself this Medicine When the swelling and Pain was great and the place red he took Salt the Urin of a Boy and Vinegar In these being mingled together he Wet a Linnen cloath and squeesed it and laid it on this he did divers times and so the Pain was much abated As we said before that Anodine or Pain-quelling Oyls did little good in the Gout
somtimes if it be not rightly cured it continues for a yeer or yeers Franciscus Portus who in an elegant verse writ ten Poems of Physick speaking of this Disease relates that he was troubled with this Disease about two yeers space which at length he overcame by the earnest Endeavous of six Physitians of Paris the most famous in their times viz. Basinus Belly-Quercus Sanjacoboeus Seguinus and Hollerius If this Rheumatisus do begin with a Feaver it is wont to be the shorter but it torments the Patient with more direful and cruel Pains and then it finisheth within twenty or forty daies or at least it is much lessened This Rheumatick Pain coming upon the Neck of other Diseases as an Apoplexy or convulsion doth make the Case less Dangerous the morbifick matter being translated from the internal Parts to the habit of the Body Sweates happening in the Declination of the Disease are good Thick and abundant Urins in the Declination do bring an end to the Disease For the Cure of this Disease the Morbifick matter must be revelled mitigated and Evacuated the distemper of the Bowells must be corrected and the strength of all the Parts both the sending and receiving must be maintained All which may be done by these following Remedies Take Leaves of Mallows Violets Betes Lettice Borrage of each one Handful Anis-Seeds two drams Boil all to twelve ounces in the strained Liquor dissolve Honey of Violets and Sweet Butter of each two ounces Make thereof a Clister Give it at a convenient Hour and repeat every day or every other day during the whol Course of the Disease When the Clister is come away open a Vein in either Arm and take away eight or nine ounces of Blood It Matters not on which Arm the Vein be at first opened because Blood-letting must be often repeated and the Veins of both Arms divers times opened Blood must therefore be drawn every day from the beginning of the Disease til the Disease come to remit the Pains to lessen neither matters it though the Patient be let blood ten or twelve times one after another in so many daies because it is a peculiar property of this disease that the Patients strength is not diminished by frequent bleeding as in other Diseases it is wont to fall out My manner therefore is in these Diseases when I appoint Bleeding so often least the freinds and attendants or the Patient should be affrighted with so frequent Blood-letting to ad this restriction that Blood-letting be continued every day til either the Pains be diminished or the Patient much weakened And seeing no weakness follows the continual use of this Evacuation the patients do willingly undergo the same and are easily perswaded to repeat the same Now the condition of the Blood it is which makes this easie bearance which in this Disease comes alwaies away very much corrupted Experience shows how profitable this frequent Blood-letting is for by the constant continuance thereof the Disease which is wont as was said in the Prognostick to be long is often mastered in a short time And experience shews that large Bleeding at the Nose if it happen to one that hath this Disease it persectly Cures that party Hippocrates seemes to hint at this in Aphor 74. Sect. 4. Those who are likely to have an Impostume about their Joynts are freed from that danger danger if they void much thick and white Vrin such as in painfull Feavers some begin to make upon the fourth day and if with all their Nose Bleeds the Disease will very soon break For the falling down of Humors into the Joynts tending to an Impostume hath some Analagy with this Rheumatick Disease we treat of Also the same Hippocrates seems to propound a certain adumbration of this Disease in the second of his Predictories and ascribes the cause thereof to the suppression of some usuall Hemorrhage or Bleeding in these words They who have Pains and swellings about their Joynts which are all aied not as the Gout uses to be in such you shall sind their Bowells large and a white settling in their Vrin c. afterward he adds now this Disease betides those who in their Child-Hood and in their youth have been accustomed to Bleed at Nose which custome hath left them Whiles these bleedings are Practised Clisters as was before said must be given every day or every other day also Juleps must be given which have power to correct the distemper of the Bowells and to mitigate the Acrimony and agitation of the Humors To this intent Red poppy water is very profitable in this Disease it is to be given alone morning and Evening six ounces at a time with Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegranates in form of a Julep howbeit it is no less effectual alone without the Syrups For ordinary Drink let the Patient use a Ptisan Drink of Barley Grass and Liquoris or of the Decoction of Sorrel Roots or of the tincture of Roses abstaining from Wine which is the great Vehiculum or Spreader of all Flowing Humors Purgation in the Beginning Augment and state of this Disease doth no good at all nay verily it doth hurt for it sets the Humors on running and encreases the Pains as it is wont to fall out in all inflammatory dispositions But in the Declination it is necessary and frequently to be Celebrated and that with gentle Medicaments that the evil Humors abounding in the whol body may be Evacuated by Degrees To which purpose this following potion may be prescribed Take Senna and Tamarinds of each half an ounce Annis Seed and Cream of Tartar of each one dram Sorrell Leaves half a Handful Boyl all to three ounces In the strained Liquor dissolve Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make a potion to be iterated divers times as the Physitian shall think sit If the form of a Bole be more desireable it may thus be made Take Cassia new drawn six drams Catholicum doubled three drams Rhubarb in Pouder and Cream of Tartar of each one dram with Sugar make a Bolus If you would purge more effectually add to the potion or the Bole a scruple of Jallap If these Purgations shall not suffice to eradicate this Disease which is often very rebellious we must proceed to stronger Purgatives as Electuarium Diephoenicon Diaprunum Solutivum and such like provided there be no Feaver I have all waies cured this Disease when the foresaid Medicaments could not do it which Mercurius Dulcis six times sublimed being given divers times to the Quantiry of a scruple with ten graines of Scammony or Rosin of Jallap An example of which kind of Cure is to be seen in my observations viz. in Obs 41. Cent. 3. One only Clister of Vomiting Wine Cured this Disease in a certain Gentle Woman as you have it in Obs 22. of the same Century Touching Sweat-Drivers the same is to be said which was said of Purges viz. that they in the Beginning Augment and state do no good
Body Howbeit the sick must be covered only with light and soft Coverings and not loaded with over many blankers or Rugs also the Feather-bed must be taken away and a flock-bed put in place upon which also in the extremity of Summer a covering of Leather wil conveniently be laid on Let the bed be wide that the sick may change place therein Let the Patients Linnen Shifts be often changed contrary to the vulgar opinion provided they be not newly washed nor smel of Soap and that the Time of the Crisis be not at hand in which nothing is to be stirred least the motion of Nature be hindred and disturbed The Sun-beams are to be kept out of the Patients Chamber and store of Company is to be avoided Water is often to be powred out of one Vessel into another in the sick Persons chamber The Pavement of the Chamber is to be sprinkled with Water Vinegar and Rose-Water mingled or with cooling Herbs and flowers as Vine Leaves Willow Leaves Leaves of Water Lillies Flags Roses and flowers of Violets and of Water Lilly which must be kept at hand in good Quantities in a cool place and be often fresh sprinkled and strowed about the Patients Chamber for when these Herbs and flowers are dried they heat the Chamber If the Chamber be cold as in winter it must be a little tempered with a fire avoiding Smoak Howbeit in flegmatick Feavers the Air must be Moderately hot and dry As for Point of Nourishment the Diet ought to be thin and spare in acute Feavers And therein the Antients were so severely diligent as to place the greatest Part of the Cure in ordering the Diet enjoyning such as were sick of a most acute Feaver to keep a most thin and slender Diet and giving them nothing but a ptisan drink of Barley Water as most convenient for persons in a Feaver seeing it cooles and Moistens withal extenuating and opening and hindering no Evacuation And they had two kinds of Ptisans One simply so called or whol Ptisan not strained the other was strained which we cal Barley Cream Barley clensed of the Husks boyled in sair Water to a Consistency or Pottage is the whol Ptisan this being strained with pressing is called Cream or Juyce of Barley But in our Times at least in our Country by the refractoryness of Women who fear nothing but that the sick person shal be starved as al their care in a manner is to cram their Children with meat like Pudding Bags how empty their Brains be of wit or their Hearts of Grace and wisdome matters not and the Indulgence of Physitians who the best of them smel too strong of the Mountebank it is grown into a fashion in al Feavers yea the most acute and violent to allow the sick at al times broaths of the flesh and Hens Chicken Capons mutton and that for the most Part they give every third or at most every fourth hour And in the Summer the flesh of a pullet kid or Lamb is added to the former Diet. And somtimes again broaths are made of nothing but a chick with cooling Herbs as Lettice Endive Sorrel and Purslan Or to ordinary broaths is added Juyce of Oranges Lemmons or Pome-Granats when the heat of the Feaver is very great or the putrefaction very intense Moreover in Feavers not so very acute Panadaes are given twice or thrice in a day made of washed bread and broath Also Barley broaths are somtimes used of the Ptisan of the Antients being strained with the broath of the flesh aforesaid and Sugar or without broath adding sweet Almonds But these for the most Part do oppress the stomach and therefore the use of simple broaths and Panadaes seems more convenient Howbeit very profitable it it to boyl a little Barley with flesh and thereof to make broaths In long Feavers a fuller Diet is fitting of the flesh of Chickens Veal Hens and Pullets Capons Partridges Mutton or of the Juyce pressed out of them Gellies made with them and such like Concerning the time of giving the Patients meat this is principally to be observed that they never eat in the time of the Exacerbation or fit but in the time of the Feaver But if the Exacerbation be very long let the Patient eat in the declination thereof For drink the Ptisan of the later Physitians made of the Decoction of Barley with Liquoris is usually given in all Feavers To which if the Feavers be very burning may be added a little Lettice Sorrel Tamarinds But more ordinarily are added the Roots of Grass or Sorrel which makes the Water look of an Elegant Colour like Wine But in long Feavers may be added sweet fennel Roots Parsley Roots Annis Seed Coriander Seed or Cinnamon as oft as the stomach through weakness is offended with drinking Take of the ordinary Ptisan-drink of Barley and Liquoris two pints spirit of sulphur as much as shall suffice for to make it pleasantly tart Harts-Horn burnt till it be white one ounce Let the Patient use it for ordinary drink shaking the Vessel before it be powred forth Also Water that hath had a peice of bread boyled in it either by it self or sweetned with Sugar is good or mingled with a little Vinegar or Water alone boyled to take away the Cruditie wherewith somtimes a little Suger is mixed and somtimes a little of the Juyce of Lemmons Pomgranats Barberries Cherries or of their Syrups or as much spirit of sulphur or Vitriol as may serve for a great full Acidity or a little Sal Prunellae if need be of potent refrigeration Water is commended wherein are steeped Tamarinds Berberies or Prunes A Decoction of french Prunes is very pleasing to the tast Or Barley is boyled with Tamarinds and towards the End the broath is Aromatized with yellow Sanders and Cinnamon Which drink doth not only Quench thirst but loosens the belly and cools and strengthens the Liver Take Sugar eight ounces Sal Prunellae one ounce Make it into a Pouder to be taken with the Patients ordinary drink Whereunto if thirst be extream the spirit of vitriol may be added Touching spirit of Vitroil and of Sulphur this is diligently to be observed that in putrid Feavers the use thereof is great because they have a mighty cooling opening and putrefaction quelling faculty prohibit the Inflamation of the Humors and quench thirst Howbeit in the Pleurisy Inflamation of the Lungs Spitting of blood Consumption of the Lungs and other Diseases thereof unles they spring from thick flegm stopping the Vessels thereof Inflamation of the stomach Dysentery or bloody flux Pissing of blood Ulcers of the Kidneys and Bladder they do very much hurt and therefore we must abstain form them In Feavers arising from very thin and hot Choller or Joyned with a sharp thin distillation sharp things are not convenient but rather such as gently thicken as Syrup of Violets of dried red Roses with Barly Water or Bread boyld-boyld-Water or simple Water boyled or smal beer mixed therewith Where
also in the beginning of these Feavers Vomit is to be procured viz. when the Patient is much vexed with illness of stomach and with vomiting for then Nature endeavours to evacuate the morbifick matter upwards and the Physitian ought to assist her endeavours And many times it falls out that great Quantity of matter is conteined in the stomach and Parts thereabout which must be Evacuated as soon as possible may be by Vomit seeing no concoction can be expected of such excrementitious matter in so great a Quantity and what ever the Patient eats or drinks is changed into such a like Humor and encreases the Matter which is cause of the Disease For Fernelius hath well observed in his third Book of the Method of Healing Chap. 3. that all superfluity of Humors in the stomach spleen Pancreas Mesentery and the Cavity of the liver is conveniently emptied out by a Vomit which somtimes wil not be removed with Medicines that work downwards though divers times administred And it comes often to pass that the Matter being Vomited up the Feaver is taken away at the first which otherwise would have proved long in case that matter had been transmitted into the more inner Parts of the body and very wel mixed with the blood Now of the three degrees which we reckon of Vomitories the mildest is to be Chosen as Barley Water Luke-warm with Oyl of Almonds or common Oyl or with a little Quantity of white Vinegar Also Syrup of Vineger or Oxymel simple which Chicken broath or a Decoction of Dil Seed Raddish or Orach whereunto also Oyl may be added All which are to be given to the Quantity of a pint or more for in a less Quantity they abide in the stomach And seeing these weaker sorts of Vomits are of little efficacy we may somtimes apply our selves to those of the middle Rank which shall be propounded hereafter in the Cure of a Tertian Ague And not only in the beginning of the Disease before Blood-letting but also the whol Course thereof Clysters must be given every day or every other day if the Belly be not of it self very free made of a Decoction of Emollient and refrigerating things such as French Barley Prunes Mallowes Violet Leaves Mercury Leaves Beares-Foot Orach Lettice Endive Houseleek Water-Lillies dissolving therein Catholicum Cassia Diaprunum simple Red-Sugar Honey of Violets and Honey of Mercury Oyl of Water-Lillies Violets c. But in a violent hot Feaver it is better not to add the Oyls because they are easily enflamed Observe in the first place that not above three or four blades of Houseleek must go into one Clyster because it cools most potently and being taken in greater Quantity may hurt the Guts Observe secondly that in all Feavers of Choller Clysters are not to be injected actually hot but only Blood-warm In Feavers that spring from flegm Decoctions for Clysters are made of the Emollient Herbs with Annis Seed Seeds of Fennel and of Carthamus flowers of Chamomel and Melilote dissolving therein Hiera Picra Diaphoenicum Honey of Roses Honey of Mercury Oyl of Chamomel Dil or common Oyl And because as we noted before absolute and perfect Purgation which they cal Eradicative is not to be attempted till the Morbifick Cause be ripened and digested the Physitian from the beginning of the Disease after the first Blood-letting and when the passages nearest the stomach are clensed ought to use such Medicaments as prepare crude Humors for digestion and Evacuation and withal temper the Feaverish Heat hinder Putrefaction and open obstructions such as are Juleps broaths Emulsions and other things which shal be hereafter described Juleps are compounded in a Chollerick matter offending of Syrups of Lemmons Pomegranats Sowr-Grapes Vinegar simple of the Juyce of Sorrel of Cichory simple with Waters of Endive Sorrel Grass and Cichory Or better of the Decoction of the Roots of Sorrel and Cichory of the Leaves of Sorrel Maiden-Hair Garden Endive Dandelion the four cool Seeds Tamarinds with the Syrups aforesaid And sometimes that we may cool more effectually a dram of Sal Prunella is added for every Dose of the Julep or so much spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur as shall suffice for a moderate sharpness Sowr things are never to be omitted in Feavers springing from Choller because bitter things are sweetened by Sowr and acid things which if they are Sowr in an high degree as spirit of Vitriol and of Sulphur they deface the bitterness even of Aloes and Coloquintida Now yellow Choller being plundred of its bitterness iâ— dead And Harmles Juleps also of great Virtue may be made of Juyces and which are very grateful to the tast after this manner Take Juyce of Apples that smel sweet newly drawn out and setled four ounces Juyce of Lemmons three ounces Rose-Water two ounces Juyce of Pomegranats one ounce finest Sugar half a pound Make of al a clear Julep for three Doses If very thin Choller and sharp be in motion and cause either a Loosness or some other greivous fluxion Juleps must be compounded which thicken of Waters of Lettice Purslain Plantan flowers of Water Lilly Red Poppy and Violets with the Syrups aforesaid Yet we must observe that Syrup of Violets and other of the sweeter sort of Syrups are not to be given alone both because they loosen the stomach as also because ere they can Pass into the Veins they are turned into an hot Vapor which doth afterwards cause thirst to encrease And therefore there must evermore some Quantity of sharp Syrup be mixed with the sweet Syrups aforesaid that they may more easily peirce into the Veins and the better resist the Heat of the Feaver In the Progress of the Feaver when Coction begins to appear to the foresaid Decoctions must be added Roots of Asparagus and Liquoris Leaves of Agrimony Pimpernel Liverwort and Maiden-Hair In Flegmatick and Cronick Feavers things more cutting attenuating and opening are prescribed beginning with the more weak such as are Syrup of Vineger of Maiden-Hair Syrupus Bizantinus with a Decoction of Egrimony Maiden-Hair Betony Liquoris Raisens And in the progress of the Feaver unto the former we add Syrup of the opening Roots Vineger compound of Hyssop Oxymel simple and compound And to the Decoction we add the five opening Roots Leaves of Hyssop Carduus benedictus and if the matter be very impact Clammy and roapy of Germander and Centory Whereunto if Salt of Tartar and spirit of Vitriol be added they work more happily In Feavers springing from Melancholy such things are added which do moisten as Syrup of Violets of bugloss of Borrage and Apples towards the Beginning and afterwards Fumitory of Epithymum of the five opening Roots Oxymel of Squils with a Decoction first of Bugloss Borrage Cetrach or wall-fern Maiden Hair Fumitory Hops and afterward Dodder Scordium Centory Bark of Capers of the Ash-tree and of Tamarisk And finally in bastard Feavers which arise from the mixture of different evil Humors the Medicines aforesaid must be mixed together
by Alteratives and Dier For it somtimes falls out when there is some evil disposition of the Bowels causing a protraction of the Feaver that so long as Medicaments are given so long the Disease continues because that Nature is weakened Which afterwards Purgation being omitted gathers strength concocts the Cause of the Disease and being concocted expels the same But if a lingring Feaver arise from Obstructions as is often seen in Children frequent and very gentle Purging which draws away the Humors by little and little is wont to remove the Disease especially if the Purgation be compounded with Rhubarb which both opens obstructions and strengthens the bowels The Commendations whereof celebrated by Montanus in his tenth Counsel of Feavers is worthy to be set down in this place He setting down the Cure of a Boy that had a lingring Feaver arising from Obstructions Among other things I shall commend saith he one which I have by long Experience found never to fail viz. That he take every day the Infusion of Rhubarb in Endive Water For I never knew Feaver from Obstructions which was not cured by this Medicament provided it were constantly taken without weariness or giving over For I have somtimes seen most gross Humors impacted into the narrow passages of the Body and such Obstructions as by reason of the weakness of Natural heat could hardly be removed cured by Rhubarb My Course therefore hath been to take one pint of Endive Water and therein to infuse a dram of Rhubarb tied in a thin piece of Linnen Of which Infusion having lightly pressed out the Rhubarb I give four ounces in the morning and this is the Dose for Children Neither do I cease giging this Medicament until I see the Feaver and Obstructions wholly gone For they will doubtless be cured if all other things be rightly ordered and suitable to the Cure So far Montanus But we are wont ordinarily to use a Diet Drink made with Rhubarb which to such Children as are troubled with a lingring Feaver and Obstructions I am wont to give for their ordinary Drink with good success It is thus made Half a dram or a dram of Rhubarb according as the Child can endure the tast thereof grosly poudered and tied in a Rag is infused in two or three pints of smal Beer or Ale an whol day cold Of this the Child drinks for a month together or longer if the stubbornness of the Disease require the same Whereunto if the Feaver be very remiss and the Child flegmatick a little Wine or stronger Beer or Ale may somtimes be added to qualifie the unpleasing tast of the Rhubarb After Purgation of the Morbifick Matter Nature is for the most part accustomed in the declination of the Disease to purge away the reliques of the Matter offending by Urine which we may discern because the Urines are then more thick or more plentiful than ordinary which endeavor of Nature must be assisted by Diuretick Medicaments which are most temperate such as are Emulsions and the Openers formerly set down in Juleps or Broths whereunto if the Feaver be very gentle some Roots of Fennel and Parsley or Leaves of Wormwood may be added and that especially in Feavers of Flegm and continual Quotidians But if Nature do expel the Reliques of the Morbifick Matter to the habit of the Body Sudoroficks are to be used not those hot ones which are more properly called Sudoroficks but others more temperate which are the same in a manner with the Diureticks and being of an attenuating faculty do dispose the Humors in such sort as Nature may more easily expel them by what place or way soever she is most enclined Howbeit to these may be added Carduus Water Spirit of Vitriol and other things which shall be more fully described when we shall treat of Malignant Feavers Besides inward Medicaments divers things are also outwardly applied to temperate the Feaverish heat to confirm the strength of the principal parts or to open the Pores of the Skin and draw out the smoaky Vapors and Feaverish Heat viz. Epithems Liniments and other things to be applied unto the Region of the Heart Liver and other parts Which are invented to mitigate the Heat and are not to be applied save in the state or declination of the Disease when the Heat diffuseth it self to the exterior parts not in the beginning or augment while it resides yet about the bowels nor yet when the Crisis is at hand An Epithem to be applied to the Region of the Heart may be thus compounded Take the Waters of Bugloss Sorrel Water-lillies Roses of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses or juyce of Lemmons one ounce the Pouders of Diamargaritum frigidum and Triasantalon of each one dram Camphire and Saffron of each five grains mix all Make hereof an Epithem to applied warm with Scarlet Cloth For the more strengthening and to make it smel the sweeter ad three ounces of Orange flower Water and one dram of Confectio Alkermes Where we desire yet more potently to strengthen solid Epithems are applied unto the Heart made after this or the like manner Take Conserves of Bugloss and Roses of each one ounce Confectio Alkermes two drams Pouder of Diamargaritum frigidum one dram and an half With Juyce of Lemmons or Rose Water make a solid Epithem to be applied after the liquid one aforesaid Or one yet more Cordial may in form of a Liniment be thus made Take Confectio Alkermes and de Hyacintho of each three drams Pouder of Triasantalon and Diamargaritum frigidum of each two drams With Water of Roses make all into the form of a Liniment or Oyntment wherewith smear the Beâ—ion of the Heart Also to strengthen to and drive out the Sooty Vapours and the Feaverish heat young Pidgeons are very good being split through the Back bone and applied to the Region of the Heart which likewise are oftentimes sprinkled with cordial Pouders as Diamargaritum frigidum and Triasantalon Or before they be applied the Region of the Heart is smeared with Confectio Alkermes and the cordial Liniment aforesaid Also to the Liver Epithems are wont to be applied which are made commonly after this manner Take Waters of endive Cichory Sorrel and Roses of each three ounces Lettice Water two ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce Pouder of the Electuary Triasantalon one dram and an half Spodium half a dram Camphire ten grains Make of all an Epithem For to cool more powerfully an Epithem may somtimes be made of Juyces after this manner Take Juyce of Cichory and Endive of each half a pound Juyce of Lettice and Vinegar of Roses of each two ounces Pouder Triasantalon two drams Mix all and make thereof an Epithem Now it is very profitable to apply cooling Epithems not only to the Liver but to the whol Region of the Hypochondriaes for they do not only further Coction but also help the distemper of the bowels and hinder the principal Parts from a deadly Consumption The
larger Housleek and Camphire or Vnguentum Populeon or Oyl of Roses Lillies and Poppies or with an Epithem made of Plantane Water Rose Water Vinegar of Roses and Camphire or with a Mixture of Rose Water Oyl of Roses and Vinegar all which are to be applied actually cold in the Summer and a little less than blood-warm at other Seasons of the Yeer Disquietness and tumblings and tossings which are wont to happen in the Feaver Assodes and in the Fits of a Tertian Ague are best cured by purging away the Chollerick Humor which vexes and frets upon the Stomach and other sensible parts and that by Vomit or Stool according as Nature seems more or less to affect the one or other way also it may be drawn downwards by Clysters and presently all Art is to be used to make the Patient rest and cold Drink is given as also cooling Juleps whereunto somtimes Syrup of Poppies or a little Laudanum may profitably be added Swooning Fits are wont to happen in those kind of Feavers which are commonly called Febres Syncopales or Swooning Feavers of which there are two kinds as was said before and the one is called Minuta the other Humorosa The Cure of which Feavers much differing from the Cure of other Putrid Feavers we have reserved unto this place in regard of the said Symptome of Swooning The Minuta Syncopalis which is bred of Chollerick Humors sharp and venemous must be cured after this manner Let the Air be cold and moist and a little astringent that dissipation of the substance of the Body may be thereby prevented Let the Patients Diet be thin cooling and restorative of the Broth of Chickens boyled with Sorrel Purslain c. To which may be added Rose-water Juyce of Pomegranates and a little Sugar Bread steeped in the Juyce of Pomegranates or of Oranges may be given if a more liberal Diet is to be granted as also Cream of Barley or Panada's with Juyce of Lemmons or Pomegranates Also Restorative Broths of pressed Flesh with the foresaid Juyces To the stronger sort are given the Yolks of Eggs with Juyce of sowr Grapes the Stones of Cocks the Flesh of Pullets Hens Partridges qualified with the aforesaid Juyces Let the Patients drink with their Meat if they have no Inflamation of any bowel thin Wine not very old nor yet new and windy or Beer that is indifferent strong not new or very stale When they eat not or otherwise if there be Inflamation let their Drink be Barley Water or Water in which a piece of a Loaf hath been boyled with Syrup of Pomegranates Lemmons Citrons Julep of Roses c. Sleep is good out of the Paroxysm but in the same it hurts And finally special Care must be taken that nothing provoke the Patient to Anger Sadness and the like Passions In the Paroxysm Resolution of the Spirits must be prevented by blowing cool Air with Fans upon the Patients and by sprinkling them with sweet smelling Waters Their Face must be sprinkled with cold Water or Water of Roses and Vinegar minled With which the Stones of Men and the Dugs of Women must be bathed cold If Heat and Spirits will not be revoked from the Heart to the outward Parts of the Body it is to be revelled and forced back by binding of the extream Parts and by nipping and pinching them also pluck the Patients often by the Nose pluck them by their Hair and call upon them often by their Christen Name Give of the Crum of White-bread steeped in the Juyce of Pomegranates of thin fragrant Wine tempered with Rose-Water and when necessity urges some Cinnamon Water mingled with Rose Water In the mean space Restorative Broths are not to be omitted wherewith Confectio Alkermes and such like may be mingled Also Cordial Potions are often to be given out of a Spoon made after this manner Take Water of Roses two ounces Orange flower Water one ounce Cinnamon Water half an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram Pearls prepared and Coral prepared of each half a scruple Sugar Cakes made with Pearl six drams Mix all and make thereof a Julep or Cordial Potion To these may be added the Electuaries and Conserves and Preserves described in the foregoing Chapter Also the inner side of a Loaf hot out of the Oven sprinkled with Rose water and Vinegar may be applied to the Patients Nostrils and Mouth To the Heart Cooling and strengthening Epithems may be applied To straiten the Pores and prevent the Evaporation of the Patients strength and Spirits wrap them in Linnen sprinkled with Pouder of Roses Balaustians and Sanders or let their shifts be sprinkled with Rose water and a little Vinegar Let their whol Body especially the Back be anointed with this following Liniment Take Oyl made of unripe Olives one ounce and an half Mirtles Quinces and Mucilage of Seeds of Flea-bane of each six drams Gum Arabick dissolved in Rose-Water two drams white Wax as much as shal suffice make all into a Liniment A special regard is to be had of the stomach because the Humor offending is cheifly there collected Now the region there of must be anointed with Oyl of Roses and Quinces and then also may be laid on a Toast of Bread wet in Juyce of Quinces and unripe Pomegranats Or if it be afflicted with great heat soment the stomach blood-warm with a Decoction of Purslain and Roses oâ— with Juyce of Night-shade Purslain Sowr-Grapes adding thereto Oyl of Roses and Quinces The Swooning Fits being removed and the Patient strengthened we must bend our minds to remove the Feaver and its Cause Which may be done by Alteratives and Evacuators proper for turning Feavers which we have described in their proper place viz. Where the Cure of burning Feavers is set down The Cure of the second sort of Swooning Feavers which is called Febris Syncopolis Humorosa which is caused by abundance of Flegmatick and crude Humors is in a manner contrary to the Cure of the Minuta newly described For the Air ought to be temperate inclining to heat light pure and dry Meats of good Juyce easily digested prepard with Hyssop Fennel and such like Herbs Let their drink be thin and not very strong Let their sleep and Watchings be Moderate But Frictions or artificial Rubbings of the Body and by Galen much extolled in this Case In the 12. Method Cap. 3. They must be used from the beginning of the Disease with Course Cloaths beginning above and so Rubbing downwards first on the Thighs and Legs afterwards on the Arms shoulders and Back Let the Cloaths with which the Frictions are performed be first Smoaked with Storax Lignum Aloes Frank-Incense Cloves c. When after friction the Limbs are lustily warm anoint them with Oyl of Dil of Chamomel of Orice of Castus and others of a resolving Faculty Such Frictions as these are highly commended because they call the natural Heat and spirits together with the Humor offending which did Choak the natural strength into the outward
on the Well-day but without sweating Somtimes also the Length of Tertian Agues arises from the evil disposition of some of the Bowels especially of the Liver and Melentery which cannot be Cured by purgations though never so oft repeated because that evil Quality remaining stil in the Liver causes new Morbifick Matter daily to breed which produces new Fits Which evil Disposition or Quality of the Bowels is taken away by Diureticks Sudorosicks and other resolving Medicaments With which faculties these following simples are endued viz. Wormwood Centory Carduuâ— Roots of Dictamnus of pimpernel Tormentil c. Of which are made Decoctions Pouders and such like which must be given for divers daies together before the Fit A dram of Uenice Treacle is ordinarily given with white Wine before the Fit three times one after another Some give a walnut preserved in Sugar or Honey after the same manner When the Heat of Uenice Treacle is feared it is at first given by it self and a draught of Plantain-Water is given after it My Master Varandaeus did often use this as a Specifick Medicine A Cup of Hippocras given before the Fit wil work the same effect with which pleasant Medicine many have been Cured Yet must it carefully be observed that these remedies must not be given till the Patient hath been diligently Purged Zechius Frequently used these following Pils which are most effectual for opening Obstructions strengâ—hening the Liver and taking away the distempers of the Bowels Take Treches of Rhubarb of Eupatorium and of Wormwood of each half a dram Pouder of Diarrhodon Abbatis one scruple with Syrup of Wormwood make a Mass of Pils Of which let the Patient take one dram in the morning three daies together drinking after them a draught of Broath made with Cichory and Maiden-Hair Montanus was wont to give many daies together a scruple of Troches of Rubarb or of Wormwood with Broath in which Barley Parseley Roots Cichory and Borrage have Boyled Let the Region of the Liver be anointed morning and evening before Meals with a Liniment made of two ounces of Ceratum Santalinum Juyce of Cichory half an ounce Juyce of Wormwood two drams and a little Vinegar of Roses In lâ—ke manner let the Region of the stomach be anointed with this Liniment Take Nard Oyl Oyl of Wormwood and of Quinces of each half an ounce Gallia Moschata one scruple white Wax as much as shall be requisite Make al into a Liniment Besides the Medicaments hitherto propounded which respect a regular and Methodical Cure there are many other specifick and Empirick Medicaments both internal and external both commended by Practitioners and frequently used by the common People out of the almost infinite number whereof I shal here set down such as are the choicest And among these Medicines may be reckoned such things as were before propounded to amend the evil Quality of the Liver and Mesentery which is wont to make long Agues whereunto these things following may profitably be added And in the first place Spirit of Sulphur in a Legitimate Tertian or one very neer Legitimate after bleeding and Purging being given with Purslain Water in the vigor of the Fit doth powerfully extinguish the heat of the Feaver and if the Humor be thin drives the same out by sweat that there remaines no matter for a new Fit and so is the Disease Somtimes pluckt up by the Roots It is given from half a scruple to a scruple with four ounces of Purslain Water And somtime the said spirit is mingled with Salt of Wormwood which is also of great Efficacy in the Cure of Agues the Composition is thus Take Salt of Wormwood half a dram Spirit of Sulphur a scruple Carduus Water four ounces Mix them Let the Patient take it when the Fit Approaches and he covered with many Cloathes Some Affirm that the Juyce of Plantain Clarified and drunk to the Quantity of four ounces an hour before the Fit doth Cure a Tertian Ague Some give it with Vineger and Saffron after this manner Take of the Juyce of Plantain four ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce Saffron three grains Mix them and give the Patient to drink two hours before the Fit Manardus prefers a Decoction of Chamomel or the distilled Water thereof to the Quantity of four ounces two hours before the Fit A Medicine commonly used and often successful is a little Potion made of rose-Rose-Water Plantain Water and Aqua Vita of each a spoonful given before the Fit These following are outwardly applied Take Leaves of Hyssop and Tansie cut smal of each a pugil Mirrh two drams Mace Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each half a dram Venice Turpentine and Juyce of Tansey of each one ounce Mix all and spread them upon a Rose-Cake fried in a frying Pan with Canary Wine which being covered with a Linnen Cloath must be applied hot to the Region of the stomach an hour before the Fit Or Take Wormwood and Green Mint of each a pound Crust of Bread toasted and steeped in Vinegar half a pound pulp of Quinces or Conserve of Quinces made with Honey two ounces Mastich half an ounce Mace and Nutmeg of each two drams Let al be beaten and lustily wrought together with Oyl of Quinces Make hereof a Cataplasm to be applied before the Fit It provokes sweat and takes away the Pains of the stomach Or Take Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon of each three drams Mirrh and Ginger of each two drams Make al into a Pouder mix it with Liquid Pitch and make thereof a Plaister for the stomach Also this following Cataplasm may profitably be applied to the Liver Take white Sanders and Red of each one dram Barley Meal two drams Aloes half an ounce Flowers of Violets and Roses dried of each one dram With Juyce of Wormwood and Vinegar make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Region of the Liver one hour before the Fit Neither are those Medicines wholly to be rejected which the common people are wont to apply unto the Wrists of such as have Agues For not only the Opinion of People is hereby satisfied who conceive that many are cured with these Remedies but somwhat they may effect by communicating their vertues unto the Heart by those notable Arteries which are scituate in the Wrists The chief of which kind of Medicines are these that follow Take Leaves of Plantane Celondine the great of each one handful Cobwebs Nettle Seeds Soot from the Chimney and common Salt of each one dram the strongest Vinegar as much as shall suffice Make of all a Cataplasm to be applied to the Wrists a little before the fit and to be repeated fresh three or four times Mous-Ear beaten with Salt and Vinegar is by some accounted of great efficacy being applied to the Wrists before the fit Of some the smallest sort of Housleek or Mous-teat is commended being used after the same manner Others commend the Leaves of Shepheards-purse beaten with Salt and Vinegar Platerus applies unto the Wrists
for fear of augmenting the Heat of the Feaver for we must alwaies regard that which is most pressing and when the patient hath a little recovered strength if the hot cordials have made some increase of Heat it may afterward be tempered by potent coolers as Sal Prunella and Spirit of vitriol mixed in juleps and ordinary Drink This Method being observed by the discreet Physitian in his administration both of Strengtheners and of hot Antidotes and sweaters wil prove happily Successful After these things must follow the Application of Epithems and Liveing Creatures to the Region of the Heart fomentation of the Genitalls with Confectio Alkermes dissolved in Wine Bags to be laied upon the stomach and other both internal and external Medicaments largly by me described in my Chapter of Weaknes or Decay of strength As for Epithems there is Caution to be used in their application Because very many Authors do wholly reject the use of them because they are wont to be compounded of refrigerating and repelling things viz. of the waters of cooling herbs and Vinegar by which the venemous quality is beaten back to the heart and the transpiration thereof which ought alwaies to be promoted is hindered But this reason cannot hinder the use of Epithemes seeing we may compound them of cordial and diaphoretick waters that have repelling no or astringent quality in them and without Vinegar which some do yet allow adding cordials thereunto and by these things mingled together Epithems may be made not only which strengthen the heart but also open the pores of the skin that through them the malignant vapors may more easily transpire Of such Epithems this may be an example Take waters of scabious and Carduus of each four ounces Oreng-flower water two ounces Con'fectio Alkermes two drams Powder of Diamargaritum frigidum one dram Saffron and Camphire of each six grains Make an Epitheme and applie it warm to the Region of the Heart frequenly Take Confectio Alkermes half an ounce Powder of Triasantalon and Diamargaritum frigidum of each one dram and half a little Orengflower water Make of al a Liniment to be applied to the part after aforesaid the use of the foresaid Epitheme Neither must we here omit such Epithemes as are to be applied to the parts under the short ribbs because of the reasons of their use propounded in the Cure of putrid Feavers from whence the Materialls must also be fetcht At length whenas the malignant and venemous quality is mastered by the Remedies aforefaid and the Feaver abated and the Disease begins to decline and the signs of Coction do manifestly appear pargation must be used which by the experienced Physitian may be accomodated to the strength and constitution of the Patient I shal here for the sake of Beginners propound only one example Take Senna half an ounce Annis seed one dram Leaves of Scabious and Scordium of each half an handful Liquoris three drains Boil al to three ounces In the strained Liquor dissolve the infusion of four scruples of Rhubarb Made in bugloss water with yellow Sanders Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make all into a Potion And for the most part one purge is not sufficient in the declination of the disease when the Patient begins to recover health but purgation must oftentimes be repeated twice or three times at convenient distances that the evil humors may be perfectly rooted out Otherwise there wil be danger of a Relapse or at least the Patient wil be long in Recovering prsecte health Because though nature be strâ—ng enough to master the reliques of the Morbisick matter yet can she not do it but in a long time and in the mean space the body is long in recovering its former strength For the perfect Compleating of this Cure it remaines onely that we speak something of the Correction of such symptomes as happen in this disease Now their cure is very near the same which hath bin propounded in the second section of this Treatise Chap. 2. where we delivered the Cure of such symptomes as attend putrid Feavers And the symptoms of this Feaver are the same in a manner with those of putrid Feavers the difference being only in degrees of more or less and therefore the same Remedies wil sute with both Howbeit I shal here set down such things as have bin frequently tried in the taming of such symptomes as attend malignant and Pestilential Feavers and which have proved most successful And wee shal withal declare the Cure of such diseases as do Supervene upon these Feavers And first of al In Paines of the Head Want of sleep and Raving at the beginning Revellers of al sorts must be used as opening of the inferior veins and of the Haemorrhoids emollient Clysters frictions of the nether parts Cupping-glasses first set upon the Calves of the Legs afterwards upon the Back and shoulders both dry and with scarification and Vesicatories which in a simple Delirium or Dotage arising from a Chollerick matter must be applied to the Armes and thighes But if with the Raving there be joyned a dullnes and sleepvnes a Vesicatory must be applied also to the Neck and then Repellers must be applied unto the Forehead and Oxyrrhodines of which it is to be noted that they are not so good in malignant as in meer putrid Feavers because the venemous vapors must by al meanes be expelled and at no hand be kept within the body And therefore first gentle repellers must be applied and if the vehemence of the foresaid symptomes shal compel us to fly to the stronger we must not use them long together Among Repellers of the gentler sort is reckoned that common frontal of the flowers of water Lilly Violets and Roses the greater cool seeds and Chermes berries bedewed with the Vapour of vineger And if that wil not suffice let this following be laid on Take Unguentum populeum one ounce Conserve of Roses and violets of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses six ounces Vinegar of Roses two drams Mix them all and receive them in tow and put them between two cloaths and apply them to the forehead Mean while the Emulsions of the four greater cool seeds may be used from which cool and gentle vapors are wont to be carried unto the Brain which are wont to mitigate the foresaid symptomes Which if they suffice not narcoticks may be added which do wonderfully hinder the ascent of sharp and malignant Vapors unto the brain and procure sleep Yet they must be given in a smal quantity as half an ounce of Syrup of poppies or if necessity compel two graines of Laudanum opiatum with conserve of roses may wel be given or they may be dissolved in some Julep or in stead there of new Treacle may be given to the Quantity of half a dram Howbeit these narcoticks are seldom to be given and in smal Quantity because they Concentre the poyson howbeit they are by some accounted sudorosicks After repellers have
a wet spunge Secondly A special care is to be had of Diet for as Hippocrates saith in his Book of Humane Nature Diseases are partly from Diet and partly from the Air wherein we breath Therefore let the Diet be of good Juyce easie concoction neither cold nor over nourishing Therefore Mutton Kid Veal are to be used and which are better young Pidgeons Chickens Capons Hens Partridges Black-birds Thrushes and all kind of Mountain Fowl and Yolks of new laid Egs roast Meats are better than boyled Take heed of hard flesh and of hard concoction as Beef Pork Venison Hares Geese Ducks and Sea Fowl as also of the Heads Entrals and Appurtinances of Beasts Eat Fish but seldom and make choyce of those which have solid Flesh coming out of swift Rivers and stony places boyl them in Wine adding Vinegar Butter and Spice which Sawce is to be allowed with other meat unless the Liver be over hot of which principally use Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon never or seldom eat cold and moist Herbs as Lettice Purslain Spinage but in Summer time we can allow a moderate use of Herbs which are gently cooling and drying for the strengthening of the Body and fixing the Blood that it may not evaporate as Endive Succory Sorrel but they must be taken boyled not raw Roots of Parsly Carrots Parsnips Mints Hysop Water-cresses are very good But you must avoid all things that easily disturb the Head and fill it with vapors and they are of two sorts Either they are such as discuss and melt the Humors with their sharpness as Onions Garlick Mustard Rocker Rhadishes or such as fill the Head with gross vapors as Milk and all Milk meats All manner of Pulse as Beans Pease c. of which the red Pease are the least hurtful by reason of their opening and abstersive nature therefore the broth of them is allowed You must avoid all green raw Fruit which are not lasting especially and those which are very moist dryed Fruits may be used at second or last courses as Raisons Almonds Pine-nuts Dates and the like but you must use them sparingly for they are for the most part hard of concoction Pears boyled and Sugared Citron Rinds Candied Lemmon and Orange Pills Candied may be eaten at the last course but it is much better to take one spoonful of digestive Pouder after meat whose Aromatical sweet vapor ascending with the vapor of what is eaten doth strengthen and dry the Brain It is made of Coriander Fruit Annis seeds Cinnamon Nutmeg with a double quantity of Sugar of Roses Let your Bread be of the best Wheat wel baked and leavened and made with Salt and Annis seeds in a great distemper Bisket is best Let your drink be thin wine of smal strength which wil not fill the Head with many vapors wel mixed with Water and also it is profitable one hour before meat to mix wine and water that the vapors may be allayed and to boyl a little Coriander seed in the water that it may better strengthen both Stomach and Brain in stronger Diseases use Hydromel or Water and Honey This is a good Rule in all Diet To eat moderately and to let the Supper be less and lighter than the Dinner Sobriety as in all Diseases so especially in Head-Diseases is of great concernment for the Head by much food is filled with Humors and Vapors and contrarily by little and slender Diet it is emptied of them Thirdly You must use moderate Exercise and every day continue it for too much rest weakens the Natural heat and makes it so dull that it cannot well concoct and fills the Body full of Excrements On the other side Motion and Exercise stir up the Natural heat help Concoction expel Excrements and cheereth the Spirits and purifieth them but you must exercise before meat and after meat rest for an hour or two or at least move very easily Fourthly Use a mean in sleep and waking for as with moderate sleep the strength is repaired so with too long the Body is made cold burdened with excrements especially the Brain but too much watching makes the Body thin spends the Spirits and feeds upon the sound parts of the Body Let not therefore sleep be too long but according to custom commonly seven hours are allowed but more or less may be taken according as age and custom shall require if you offend in either extream it is better to offend in too much waking than in too much sleep You must not sleep straight after meat but two hours after at least having taken a gentle walk You must sleep with your head high and upon one side lying on the back is not allowed Fifthly Al the Excrements of the Body are to be evacuated in their season of the Brain especially therefore every morning hawk from the Pallat blow the Nose comb and rub the Head with a course cloth or spunge which will fetch the superfluities of the Brain through the sutures or seams of the Skull The Belly must be kept open and if it will not otherwise use a Suppository or a Clyster or some gentle Lenitive at the Mouth For the Excrements are not only taken away by so doing but also by degrees somthing is fetcht from the Brain or at least somthing is reteined and derived thereby from the Head which was or would have been sent thither as to the weakest part Lastly You must have special care of the Passions of the Mind from which our bodies are many times wonderfully altered and disturbed especially of Anger and Sorrow Sorrow diminisheth the Natural heat wounds the Spirits whence comes smal concoction and many Excrements Anger makes a great boyling of the Blood and motion of the Spirits by which the Humors are diffused and dissolved and then if there be any Excrements in the Brain presently they are sent to the weak and infirm parts from whence arise many dangerous Diseases The other two Means for Cure namely Chyrurgery and Physick may be used as followeth In almost all Diseases which come of the Humors we use to make a general Evacuation by Blood-letting and Purging Blood-letting is not agreeable with Flegmatick Diseases but if in other parts of the Body Blood do abound the Liver be inflamed and the age of the Patient be flourishing and consistent with it we may then let blood for so will the ascention of vapors into the head be hindred and superfluous Nourishment taken away that Nature afterwards may more easily concoct what is raw and waterish in the blood and then purging Medicines may be given more safe But if Plethora or two great repletion do not Constrain it is better before blood-letting to give a purge for Flegm by way of Potion Bolus Pills or Pouder The Forms whereof are as followeth Take of Senna half an ounce Annis seeds and Cloves of each half a dram Leaves of Mints and Bettony of each half a handful of the tops of Time half a pugil Boyl them to a quarter of a
of each two ounces Press out the Juyce and make an Errhine which you may make sharper if you ad half an ounce of Flower-de-luce roots It is a custom now adaies to rub the dry Leaves of Tobacco between the fingers and to snuff up the Pouder this fetcheth much humor from the Brain and is at hand But the best Sternutatories are made thus Take the Leaves of Marjoram Sage Rosemary all dried of each half a dram Pellitory of Spain and white Hellebore of each one scruple Musk three grains which with a Quil may be blown into the Nostrils Or Take Ginger and Flower-de-luce Roots or Orrace of each one scruple Castor half a scruple Euphorbium six grains Make them into Pouder But the chiefest smelling Pouder is made of black Hellebore with an equal weight of Sugar Candy finely poudered Which also is excellent for curing a defluxion Apophlegmatismi or Medicines drawing Flegm out of the Head are either called Masticatories that is chewing Medicines or Gargarisms that is Medicines to gargle in the Throat A Masticatory is thâ—s prepared Take of Pellitory of Spain two drams Mustard seed and Stavisagre of each one dram Make them up with white Wax into little Balls of which let one be chewed every morning holding down the head A Flower-deluce root is usual for the same purpose which wil do good in smal infirmities Mastich alone chewed is the mildest Masticatory and it attracts and draws humors to the mouth without heat and inflamation which others do not A Gargarism is thus made Take of Stavisagre half an ounce Mustard seed three drams Pellitory of Spain one dram Boyl them in Water and Honey to three ounces in which dissolve Vinegar of Squils two ounces In the use of these Medicines we must observe That the Evacuation which is made by the Pallat is more beneficial than that which is made from other parts because it is ordained by Nature for the only way by which the Head is to be purged and clensed But the Nose is made for smelling and breathing through and Nature doth oppress and abuse it when she sends forth her superfluous Excrements by it Moreover the way of Evacuation by the Pallat is more safe neither is the Brain so much shaked by it as by sneezing But Errhines or Medicines that purge the head by the Nose do draw forth the matter more violently because not only the quality or vapor of the Medicine stir up the Brain as in Gargarisms but also the very substance it self We must also observe That the use of Errhines or neezings is dangerous when the eyes are sore or the Nostrils are ulcerated or sore and when the patient is inclined to bleeding at the Nose or to a giddiness of the Head which neezings wil suddenly bring by shaking the Brain too violently Liquid and moist Errhines are snuft into the Nose from the palm of the hand or by lying down are powred in but the mouth must first be filled with Water or Wine lest that Medicine come by the Pallat into the mouth although that which passeth through brings the humors more forcibly out of the mouth They must take heed of Gargarisms that are subject to Defluxions or Consumptions Moreover For particular Evacuations we may use Vesicatories or Plaisters that draw blisters to the Nape of the Neck In the Dispensatory of Mountpelior is this Receipt though it be not in any other Take of Galbanum and Ammoniacum of each five ounces of the Pouder of Cantharides or Spanish Flyes one pound and an half Mustard Pepper of each half a pound Virdegreece and Pellitory of Spain of each two ounces and an half Euphorbium one ounce and an half Wax one pound and an half Pitch Rozin and Turpentine of each one pound Oyl a smal quantity One ounce or two of this Plaister spread upon Leather may be applied to the Nape of the Neck The Brain is also strengthened by outward application of Pouders Rhewm-Caps by which it is comforted and made warm and the remainder of the Humor dispersed Take Pouder of Orrace half a pound Storax and Benjamin of each two ounces pouder the Head with them every night and comb it off in the morning This Pouder is very refreshing by its scent strengtheneth the Head dryeth the Hair If you wil make it stronger put Cloves Nutmegs and Cinnamon thereto Take of Stoechas Rosemary Flowers and red Rose Leaves of each half a smal handful dried Bettony two scruples Coriander seed Lignum Rhodii Frankinsence Orrace Nutmeg Mastich of each one scruple Benjamin Vernix Mace and Cloves of each half a scruple Pouder them and wrap them in the thrids of Scarlet or sweet Cotton and with a piece of red Taffety make a Rhewm-Cap for the Head to be sewed in another Cap or to be worn by it self The following Fumigation doth dry the Head Take of Lignum Aloes Frankinsence Mastick cleer Amber yellow Sanders red Rose Leaves Bettony dried of each one dram Cinnamon Mace Cloves Styrax Calamita of each one scruple make them all into gross Pouder which you must sprinkle upon coals of fire and let the Patient take the fume or smoak of it fasting covering his head with a large linnen cloth to preserve the fume and opening his mouth Let him do this twice or thrice in a week But if by Fumes he find pain in his head you may only perfume his night-caps every evening For which use this following is easily prepared Take of Frankinsence Mastich Styrax Calamita Benjoin and Sandarach of each half an ounce Mace and Cloves of each two drams Make gross Pouder of them But because this is a stubborn disease and useth to produce new Flegm after both general and particular Evacuations we shal prescribe those usual Medicines by which the humor may somtimes be drawn away and the Brain preserved longer in that state into which by Physick it is restored To this end you may make a Magistral Syrup of those Drugs which are in the Apozeme or opening drink above written taking three times as much of the purging things as before which he may use twice or thrice in a Month the quantity of two or three ounces in a Decoction of Bettony and Marjoram Or instead of Syrups he may use to take these Pills Take of the best Aloes half an ounce Turbith that is Gummy Hermodacts and Agarick new made up of each two drams Diagridium one dram Ginger and Cloves of each half a scruple Saffron and Salgem of each seven grains Pouder them all and sprinkle them with the Water of Marjoram then dry them in the shade and make them into a Mass or Body with Oxymel of Squils of which let him take half a dram or two scruples once in a week two hours before Dinner The day after his Syrup or Pills as also twice or thrice in a week let him take a quantity of this Opiate or Electuary Take of Conserve of Acorus Roots or of Ginger and Citron Barks candied of each
of Chamomel and of Dill mixed with Oyl of Roses But among Resolving Medicines the chiefest are Creatures newly killed and applied to the head or pieces of them as yong Pidgeons Chickens Puppies cut along the Back and Sheeps Lights for they fortifie the part with their Natural heat discuss the humor and qualifie the sharpness thereof Which things if you have tried one or two daies and have found no benefit Mercatus teacheth to apply a Cupping glass to the crown of the head that the humors may breath through the Sutures into the Skin and if it appearâ—red and be swelled under the Cupping glass to scarifie This Counsel he saith if followed wil do good when al things besides fail especially if you bath presently after with sweet Water in which you have boyled some discussing Medicines But he adviseth that this be not used in Phrenzies that come from other Feavers but only in that which beginneth of its self This Remedy is confirmed by Zacutus Lucitanus who saies that he cured a most desperate Phrenzy by applying a Cupping Glass to the fore part of the Head with Scarrification Some are so bold as to apply Vesicatories or Medicines to raise Blisters to the fore part of the Head which they say hath somtimes had success But this requires extraordinary premeditation before it be used For his Drink let the Patient use Barley Water or Water made of Sorrel Roots with Syrup of Pomegranates Barberries or Lemmons or let him drink this following Infusion Take of Spring Water two pints the Leaves of Sorrel and wild Poppies of each half a handful the Flowers of Borrage Water-lillies and Violets of each half a pugil the spirit of Vitriol one dram red Sanders rasped two scruples Let them be infused for some hours cold then strain them with a Cap paper and ad as much Sugar as is sufficient to make it pleasant There is in this Disease for the most part a stoppage of Urine because the Patient neglecteth to make it from whence those parts that contain it are distended and bring so great an Inflamation that it alone is able to bring death to the Patient Therefore you must often call upon the Patient to make water and you must foment the place where the Bladder lieth with warm Water and drive the Urine forth by the compression of the hand But if the Symptomes do not yeild to these light Medicines you must proceed to stronger Take of the Leaves of Pellitory of the wall two handfuls Parsley with its roots one handful Boyl them and after they are strained ad three ounces of the Oyl of Scorpions and foment the hairy place of the Privities therewith Let the remainder of this Decoction after the straining be fryed in a pan with the Oyl of Scorpions and applied to the same part after the Fomentation If you desire a stronger Decoction ad the Seeds of Smallage Parsley Gromwel Seselis or large and broad Cummin of each two drams You may also profitably apply this following Oyntment after the Fomentation Take of the Fat of a Rabbit and of Oyl of Scorpions of each two ounces Smallage Seeds Parsley seeds Asarabacca and Cummin seeds finely poudered of each half a dram Make an Oyntment Chap. XII Of the Imposthume and Spacelus or Mortification of the Brain THe Imposthume and Mortification of the Brain is described by few Authors although it was observed by Hippocrates in his 3. Book of Diseases and happeneth somtimes in Practice and deluding those Physitians who are not well grounded making them conceive it to be another Disease Now a Spacelus or Mortification of the Brain is a suppuration or corruption or matter of the substance of the Brain which is called a Gangrene Syderation or blasting of the Brain The Immediate cause whereof is an Inflamation of the substance of the Brain which is distinguished from a Phrenzy in this In a Phrenzy the Membranes are chiefly inflamed and they do communicate an inflamation to the external part adjoyning but in this Disease the inward parts of the Brain are inflamed and the whol substance thereof is putrified for so great an inflamation in a most tender part and moist will quickly produce a Spacelus or Mortification The Cause of this Inflamation is Blood over-heated or over chollerick running into the Body and internal parts of the Brain The Primary Causes are all such things as produce hot and much Blood in the whol Body which is sent to the Brain as violent Exercise the heat of the Sun heat of the head by Fire Wrath and the like But great Wounds do more usually produce this Disease as also Contusions But a Spacelus or Imposthume coming from a Wound or Contusion is different from the former in this An Imposthume made by a Fall or Contusion doth nâ— possess so many parts of the Brain but for the most part adhaereth to one Hence the Symptomes are higher especially in the beginning and the Diâ—eâ—â—e continueth longer The Sâ—gns of an Imposthume or Spacelus which cometh without a Wound or Contusion are these In the beginning there is a great Head-ach which is communicated by the hinder part of the head to the neck and all the back after which comes a general decay of all the Sences both internal and external as in an Apoplexy from which it is distinguished by the Signs hereafter mentioned The Patient is tossed to and fro and cannot remain in the same place he layeth hold with his hands upon his head and desires to tear and scratch his face plucking his hair but as the Disease enâ—reaseth his Body groweth faint and cannot use such violence A most sharp and strong Feaver alwaies accompanyeth this Disease which comes from the great Inflamation of the brain Lastly In this Disease the Patient never takes meat or drink neither can you take any course to give them any thing and therefore their strength soon faileth An Imposthume by a Wound or Contusion is known by these signs following After the Wound or Contusion is received there is a kind of numbness and sadness in the Body the Animal Spirits beginning to be weakened by the matter which is got out of its Vessel When the Disease encreaseth there ariseth a kind of Feaver when the matter begins to putrifie thence comes head-ach and drouziness after when putrefaction is encreased al the symptomes grow stronger the Feaver sharper the Patient rising from sleep suddenly roareth out and then presently lyeth down again he often brings his hand to his head Hence it is that many before they die do send forth filthy green matter out of their mouth and nose As to the Prognostick part thus This Disease is most dangerous and commonly deadly even in three daies space as Hippocrates sheweth in his 51. Aphorism Sect. 7. saying That they who have a mortified and putrified brain die in three daies but if they live longer they recover Galen in his Comments teacheth that we are not to understand here by a
or from some peculiar part as the Stomach Liver Spleen or Mother But we may know what part is affected when a pain is communicated to the head by its proper signs A pricking pain comes from a sharp chollerick humor or vapor which toucheth the Membranes of the Brain A heavy pain comes from much thick and cold matter namely flegm or melancholly compressing the sensible parts An extending pain comes from wind or mild humors which work themselves into the Membranes and distend them A beating or pulsative pain comes of thin chollerick blood or spirits abounding by which the Arteries being stretched and swoln do beat more vehehemently and shake the Membranes and so striking the adjoyning parts cause in them a sence of Pulsation as Galen teacheth more at large 2. de loc aff c. 3. From what is said the chief causes of a Headach are sufficiently declared which in general are referred to the solution of continuity as to the immediate cause For whatsoever doth bring a manifest or hidden solution of continuity is like to bring a headach The signs of the kinds of Head-ach and of the causes that produce them may be learned from what is said and therefore we come to the Prognosticks An external headach is alwaies less dangerous and easier cured than an internal A Headach in a sharp Feaver with thin and white urine is dangerous for it signifies the chollerick matter is sent into the Brain whence there is fear of a Phrenzy A strong pain of the Head suddenly seizing without evacuation following or mitigation of the disease is deadly for it signifies the destruction of the animal faculty which no more feeleth that object which caused the grief In a great Headach it is evil to have the outward parts cold for by the vehemency of the pain there is a strong attraction of heat to the part affected which wil cause inflamation They that recover of a disease in the inferior parts and have after a vehement Headach if a manifest evacuation went not before will have an imposthume in their Brain for it signifies a translation of the matter which caused the disease into the Brain They who vomit green in a headach and are deaf being awake are suddenly very mad 1. Porrh for it signifieth a collection of choller into the Brain which maketh the Stomach consent therewith and suffer Headach and noise in the Ears without a Feaver or a giddiness or deafness or numbness of the hands signifieth an Apoplexy or Epilepsie to be at hand Hipp. in Coacis For those symptomes come from abundance of thick flegm in the Brain To women with child sleepy and heavy headaches are evil 1. Porrh for they signifie the flux of humors to the head which when they are many in women with child by reason they have not their courses do threaten danger A Headach which was not from the beginning of the Disease but rose from the disturbance of the body shews that there will be a crisis by bleeding at the nose or by vomit Since then the pain of the head cometh either of a cold or hot cause we must direct the Cure for the taking away of both For the Cure of a cold Head-ach the flegmy matter is first to be evacuated being prepared as is shewed in the â—hapter afore going Then we must correct the cold distemper of the Brain and the reliques of the humor are to be discussed with Bags mentioned in the former Chapter or in the Chapter of the cold distemper of the Brain With which being warmed let the head being shaven be rubbed for an hour and an half every morning till the cause of the pain be spent and exhausted After the head is well rubbed sprinkle upon it this following Pouder having upon it Cotton or Wool Take of Nutmegs Cloves Pepper Pellitory of each half an ounce the Leaves of Sage Bay-berries of each two drams Mustard seed and Water-cress seeds bruised of each six drams Make a pouder of these sprinkle it upon the Head as aforesaid and comb it in the morning before the use of the little Bags that the pouder laid on the day before may be taken off Errhinâ—s are also proâ—itable Neesings and Apophlegmatisms or things to chew which were described formerly A Magistral Syrup also made as followeth is very profitable Take of Guajacum wood and Roots of China sliced of each one ounce and an half Infuse them twelve hours in four pints of spring Water Boyl them till half be consumed adding in the end the Leaves of Vervain one handful the flowers of French Lavender and Marjoram of each a smal handful dissolve in it being strained half a pound of white Sugar Boyl it up to a Syrup but before it be perfectly boyled cast in two ounces of Senna tyed in a clout the best Agrick two ounces Rhubarb three ounces let him take two or three ounces once a week These Pills also following are very good which in times past were of great esteem in Italy in the daies of Eustachius Rudius chief Professor in the University of Padua who was reported to be the Inventor of them and accounted them a great Secret and therefore gave them to one Apothecary only to be made by him lest others should know the Receipt which indeed he borrowed out of Wickerus who propoundeth it from Andernacus and it is thus Take of Coloquintida six drams Agarick trochiscated Diagridium black Hellebore and Turbith of each half an ounce Aloes one ounce Diarrhodon Abbatis half an ounce Let the purging things be bruised and beaten together and put in a glass with the spirit of Wine so much as is sufficient and let them be digested for eight daies in a warm place and then ad the pouder of Diarrhodon and infuse them four daies longer then strain them and press them and let the Liquor so pressed forth be distilled in Balneo so long till the extract in the bottom of the Alembick grow so thick that it may make Pills the dose whereof is one scruple But the following Pills are ascribed to Fernelius of which he affirmed he found by experience such excellency that he never met with a Cephalalgia or Hemicrania that is half Headach but he cured it Take of the best Aloes half an ounce the Pouder of the Electuary of Pearls the three Sanders and red Roses of each three grains With Syrup of Wormwood and Violets make a Mass Give a dram thereof twice in a week one hour or two before Supper And finally in a stubborn pain that is old all those Medicines are convenient which were before mentioned in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain among which Epispasticks or blisterdrawing Plaisters are not the meanest Which also not prevailing some are so bold as to apply Vigo's Emplaister with Mercury which they say hath cured old headaches somtimes by causing them to spit much Baths of Brimstone and Bitumen are very efficacious in this case used both to the Head and the
which is easily hindered by universal Evacuations which ought to precede and those Errhins may be made of the juyce of Beets and Marjoram with white Wine in which Manna hath been dissolved But a stronger and yet safe Errhine may be made of the powder of Tobacco corrected with Cephalicks and Oxydorcicks or Medicines that help the sight for by that the Rhewm is drawn forth rather by the Palate than the Nostrils and the brain is so fortified that it wil not so easily receive the defluxion of humors from other parts The Composition whereof is as followeth Take of dryed Tobacco one ounce the leaves of Sage Marjoram Bettony Eyebright the Flowers of Clove-gilli-flowers and Red Roses of each one dram make a pouder to be snufft into the Nostrils for some few dayes Neither is it sufficient once to clense the Body of Excrementitious Humors with universal Purging but you must keep it in that condition all the time of the Cure therefore with Purges intermixed the Excrements which daily encrease must be brought forth which may be done with usual Pills made after this manner Take of the best Aloes half an ounce clean Senna Turbith Hermodacts and Agarick newly trochiscated of each two drams Diagridium one dram Mace Cloves and Eastern-Saffron of each seven grains sprinkle them with the juyces of Marjoram and the greater Celondine then dry them again in the shade And with the Oxymel of Squills make a mass of Pills of which let him take half a dram or two scruples twice or thrice in a month While these things are used you must continually labor to strengthen the brain and the eyes and the Patient must take diversity of Medicines lest by taking the same a long time it prove Nauseous unto him and lest Nature be too much enured to a Medicine and so it loose its Operation Old Physitians say Treacle is reputed to be of excellent vertue to this purpose which may be taken by a dram every night with Fennel Eyebright or Celondine water twice or thrice in a week Nutmeg eaten every morning fasting is much commended if it be long chewed that the vapor may be carried to the Eyes if you fear that the swallowing down thereof should offend by reason of the heat it may be spit forth after it is chewed Candid Myrabolans taken in the morning are thought to clear the sight exceedingly The usual Opiate is thus made Take of Conserve of Bettony and Rosemary flowers of each two ounces Candied Myrobalans two old Treacle two drams the Leaves of Eyebright poudered three drams Fennelseed two drams Nutmeg Cinnamon and Cloves of each one scruple With the Syrup of the Juyce of Fennel Rue and Celondine made up with Honey make an Opiate Let him take thereof the bigness of a Chesnut drinking after it a little Wine mixed with Fennel Water Nor must you omit external Medicines which strengthen warm and dry the Head of which sort is the Cephalick Pouder for the Hair a Cap and Fumigation mentioned by us in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain Finally You may apply Topical Medicines to the Eyes to strengthen them these are usual in Authors but they are of little force which cannot reach to the optick Nerves but if any desire to try some of them they may find enough of them in my Treatise of the Cure of a Suffusion In a desperate case when all other Medicines have been used in vain a Vesicatory applied over the whol Head being shaven in form of a Cap hath many times been very successful if it be twice or thrice used after the drying up of the former Blisters it is more advantagious CHAP. II. Of the Disease of the Vitrous or Glassy Humor THe Vitrous Humor is next under the Crystalline and therefore it is made by Nature transparent that the Species carried to the optick Nerve may be pure and clean If therefore the cleerness of that humor be hindered by the mixture of another and so made dusky according to the degree of that duskiness or foulness the sight is either diminished or abolished Moreover This humor may be out of order in respect of its scituation namely when any part of it by a blow or contusion shall be brought before the Crystalline for then the sight will be darkened in regard the vitrous Humor is more thick than the watery and therefore the species of the objects cannot be carried pure and cleer unto the Crystalline The first affect namely the Mixion of a Humor with it cannot be perceived by any signs but only it is judged probable by reason for the vitrous Humor cannot be seen or its condition known and therefore Practitioners are constrained to confound it and to make it one with Gutta serena because no fault appears in the Eye and this they do without offence to the Patient in regard any humors that are mixed with the vitrous are to be discussed with the same Remedies that a Gutta serena is cured But you may know that this vitrous humor is disordered in respect of its Scituation when it appeareth white under the Pupilla yet it is not easily distinguished from Suffusion except the antecedent and first cause be diligently observed For a Suffusion is caused by a simple defluxion of an humor but this transposition or displacing of the vitrous humor useth to come of a Wound or Contusion This last Disease is incurable for the vitrous humor being displaced can by no art be reduced to its former condition But this by Nature hath sometimes been done and therefore the whol business is to be committed unto her CHAP. III. Of the Diseases in the Crystalline Humor THe Crystalline Humor is the chief instrument of Sight and therefore ought to be kept more pure and perspicuous than the rest that that Sence may more freely be exercised And if it be soiled in the least measure the sence of Seeing is much hindered The chief Disease whereby the purity thereof is infected is called Glaucoma or the changing of the Crystalline Humor into a fiery redness and this happens when the Crystalline Humor is made thick by dryness as in old people from some drying and condensing cause it is often seen This Disease is known by a plain appearance of a thick white about the Pupilla and when all objects are apprehended by the Patient as through a cloud or smoak But it is hard to distinguish this Disease from a Suffusion which representeth such a whiteness about the Pupilla hence it is that many Authors do not distinguish between a Glaucoma and a Suffusion But they which diligently observe may distinguish them thus In a Suffusion there is a white in the very Pupilla and very neer the Membrane called Cornea but in a Glaucoma it lieth deeper This Disease is incurable especially in old folk in whom the driness of the part cannot be amended but if it be not manifest that the fault is in the Crystalline and there is a suspition of
a suâ—â—usion you may use the remedies prescribed for it Moreover the Crystalline may be out of place namely when the broader part of it which is flat like a Fetch or Lentil is not directly against the hole of the Pupilla but either is too high or too low and then objects appear double when one Eye only suffereth because the pâ—â—… 〈◊〉 â—â—eight line is lost which ought to be one and the same in both Eyes that whatsoever 〈◊〉 is 〈◊〉 both Eyes may appear but one and the same And if they be not in that order things 〈…〉 which you may prove by depressing or lifting up one of your Eyes with your â—â—â—nger for then the paralel is lost and things appear double But this Depravation of sight by whiâ—h objects appear double comes not only of the Cause now mentioned but also from vapors or water which hurt the Crystalline by which the visive Spirits are divided whence it comes to pass that the species of the same thing is received into two places which Drunkards usually perâ—â—ive when they see double Secondly The scituation of the Crystalline is altered when it declineth backward or cometh forward if it comes forward to the Pupilla then things neer at hand are not so rightly perceived as those which are more remote as in old men often But if it decline backward towards the Optick Nerve things neer are truly seen but not afar off and then is the Disease called 〈…〉 which was mentioned in the Preface where we shewed That these Diseases are only Cured by Spectacles Thirdly The Crystalline is out of its place when it tendeth either to the right or left side which is called Strabismus or Squinting when the Pupilla is not directly but oblique upon the Object and appeareth not in the middle of the Eye but in one side so that there appeareth more white in one part of the Eye than in the other This Disease comes not only from the displacing of the Crystalline but also from the Evil Disposition of the Muscles which move the Eyes which is either natural or else proceeds from a Palsey or Convulsion of the said Muscles Of what Cause soever it câ—meth if it be connatural it is incurable but if it come from Palsey or Convulsion of the aforesaid Muscles you may find out a way of Cure in my Treatise of head Diseases Finally Other Depravations of sight may come from the inversion of the Crystalline be it greater or less as when streight things appear crooked or when the Objects seem to be â—oulded which happened to a certain Physitian as Sennertus reports who going up a Ladder to take a Book from a shelf and turning his Eyes violently upwards saw al things afterwards turned upwards as though men walked upon their Heads which caâ—e by the attraction and displacing of the Crystalline For a quarter of a yeer after when again he turned up his Eyes violently his natural sight returned and al things appeared in right order Hence it appears that by a violent motion of the Eye that the Crystalline may be displaced and again by the same motion be set right I suppose that the displacing of the Crystalline was thus It was so inverted that the fore-part of it which is more depressed than the other was not right against the Pupilla but rather its side which being more round and convex might represent the species of the Objects inverted as we may observe in round Glasses which discover the Object inverted and this is true from the principles of the Optick art for in a Medium that is Convex and thick the species are so broken and as it were cross-cut That they which come from the upper part of the Object do represent the lower part and so contrarily but if the inversion of the Crystalline be less so as both the depressed part of the Crystalline and also the Convex part thereof be right againâ— the Pupilla the Objects may seem crooked Although that Depravation of sight whereby Objects seem crooked may come by other means namely when any part of the Crystalline is mixed with the watery humor then by reason of inequality of the Crystalline in regard of thickness the refractions are divers which are the Cause of Depravation of sight whereby things appear crooked This may be demonstrated by a clear Example A staffe put half into the water appears crooked for this Cause namely The species of that part in the water when it is carried out of the water into the air from a thicker to a thinner Medium is broken by the perpendicular but that part which is in the air is not broken because it doth not pass through divers Mediums as that which is in the water Hence it comes that the stick seems crooked After the same manner the species of the object which is carried into the thicker part of the Crystalline is more broken than that which is carried to the thinner which is in its natural state and not mixed underneath with the watery humor and so by reason of the divers refractions the objects appear crooked But since Medicines are to no purpose we shal prescribe none for these Diseases CHAP. IV. Of the Diseases of the Watery Humor and especially of a Suffusion THe Watery Humor is out of its Natural Condition when it is distempered in quantity or quality When the Distemper is in quantity it is enlarged or diminished and makes the Pupilla be dilated or contracted which Diseases shall be mentioned in their places When the distemper is in quality it becomes thicker and that comes from another Humor mixed with it and that is called Suffusion which we here speak of For although Galen 1. de Symp. caus cap. 2. sheweth that a Suffusion may come from the condensation of the watery humor without the access of an excrementitious Humor yet because it happens seldom and is known rather by imagination than art and is altogether incurable omitting that we shall speak of that Suffusion only which cometh from the afflux of another excrement or humor This is called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latin Suffusio by the Arabians Water vulgarly a Cataract Some Authors would distinguish these names and make them signifie divers sorts of this Disease They call it in the beginning when the sight is only a little darkened a Suffusion but when it is grown older and somthing gathered into the Pupil appears like water then they call it only Aqua Water but when the matter is grown thick in the Pupilla and the sight almost gone then they call it a Cataract A Suffusion comes from a serous Watery Humor spread in the space between the Cornea and the Crystalline and since a Watery Humor is contained in that space it may well be reckoned among the Diseases of the Watery Humor This is the Cause of a true Suffusion There is another Bastard Suffusion which comes from vapors sent from the Stomach and other parts into the Eyes
the Medicine then you must dip lint in the same Medicine and lay it to the Hole of the ear and round about In the state of the Disease you must mix gently resolving Oyls with Anodines thus Take of Oyl of Chamomel sweet Almonds and Violets of each one ounce the Oyl of Lillies half an ounce Mix them But these Fomentations and Fumigations which are made of the following Decoction do resolve more powerfully Take of Marsh-Mallow-Roots one ounce Mallows Nightshade St. Johns-Wort of each one handful Linseed half an ounce the seeds of Mallows Maâ—sh â—allows and white Poppies of each two drams the Flowers of Chamomel Dill and Roses of each one pugil make a Decoction in Water and Milk for a Fomentation and Fumâ—gation â—ateâ— taken out of Ashen sticks being dropt into the Ears easeth pain and dissolveth the cause of it You must put green Ashen sticks in to the fire and take the Water that comes from both ends If the Tumor cannot be dissolved but it seems to tend to suppuration which you may perceive by the encrease of pain by greater Pulsation and a stronger Feâ—ver You must help the motion of Nature and apply this following Cataplasm Take the faeces of the former Decoction made for a Fomentation and Fumigation and put to them of Dâ—cks and Hens-grease Marrow oâ— Veaâ— and the Mucilage of Fleabane and Foenugreek-seeds of each one ounce the Oyl of Chamomel and Vâ—olets of each â—nâ— ounce Fresh Buâ—ter one ounce and an half Saffron half a dram Make a Caâ—aâ—lasm A Cataplasm oâ— Crums of Bread is also very good for it aâ—â—wâ—geâ—h paâ—ns and furthers suppâ—ration gently without inflamation and therefore it is very proper in al Phlegmous or hoâ— Tumors you must make it thus Take of the Crums of white Bread one pound boyl it in Goats Milk to a Pultis then ad of the two Yolks of Eggs the Oyl of Roses two ounces Saffron one scruple Make a Cataplasm The Cataplasm made of an Onyon is much commended of Victorius Faventinus Made thus Take one Onyon Fresh Butter two ounces Oyl of Chamomel and Roses of each one ounce Saffron one scruple Make a Cataplasm apply it warm The Suppuration being made the Imposthume breaketh and the Matter comes forth either by the Membrane of the Ear made thin or else corroded and then the Patient must lie upon the Ear that is pained that the quittour may come forth and you must drop such things into it as may clense Take of the Decoction of Barley four ounces Honey of Roses one ounce drop this warm into the Ears at several times If an Ulcer come from sharpness of Matter you must have a peculiar way of Cure such as is used to an Ulcer caused from a Defluxion of Humors And first because according to the opinion of Galen 4. de comp Med. sec loc we may not apply Topicks to any part except the whol Body be first often purged we must use ordinary Evacuations by Bleeding and Purging according to the nature and temper of the Patient and these must be repeated through the whol time of Cure as often as need requireth Then we must apply Drying and Clenâ—ing Topicks or Medicines to the place affected beginning with the mildest first The Examples of which are these Take of the best Honey and old white Wine of each three ounces boyl them and skim them drop of this into the Ear and stop it with Cotton dipt in the same After that it may be stronger mix the juyce of Horehound Smallage Wormwood and the lesser Centaury or of Sowbread with Honey boyl them gently and drop thereof into the Ear. Or Take of the Juyce of Beets one ounce Horehound half an ounce the best Honey six drams â—oyl these a little then ad of the Syrup of Wormwood two drams Mix them You may make a stronger Medicine thus Take of the Juyce of Sowbread one ounce Myrrh one dram Saffron half a scruple Frankinsence one scruple Verdegreece half a scruple old Wine one ounce and an half boyl them gently till the Wine be consumed drop of this twice or thrice in a day into the Ear. Observe Before you drop any liquor into the Ear you wash the ear in warm Hydromel or water and Honey and wipe it wel with lint upon a Probe armed When the Ulcer is sufficiently Clensed you must come to Cicatrizing Thus. Take of Round Birthwort Pomâ—granate peels and Galls of each half an ounce boyl them in equal parts of Wine and Smiths-forge-water to half a pint when it is strained ad to it of the juyce of Plantane and Poligonum of each one ounce Honey of Roses two drams mix them and drop of this into the Ear. Or Take of Frankinsence and Myrrh of each one dram Gum of Juniper half a dram Sarcocol and Labdanum of each one scruple Make a Pouder of them and mix it with Turpentine into Balls which you must lay upon the Coals so that the Patient may take the Fume into his Ear by a funnel Or You may mix that Pouder with some of the aforesaid Juyces and drop thereof into the Ear. Or You may mix burnt Allum with white Wine for this hath a very great Drying quality If the Ulcer be stubborn and old it is nourished by a Defluxion which you must labor to remove by usual Purges Diets of Lignum vitae and Sarsa by Errhins Masticatories Cauteries and other Remedies that wil divert Then must you use stronger Medicines to dry the Ulcer such as we prescribed of juyce of Sowbread Myrrh and Verdegreece Or this following Medicine of Valescus with which he saith that he Cured a Priest that had an Ulcer in his Ear from the eighth yeer of his age Take of Honey ten drams Vinegar eight drams boyl them take off the scum and put to one dram of Verdegreece Mix them These must be dropt morning and evening into the Ear after it is washed with this Decoction Take of Wormwood Marsh Mallows and Agrimony of each one handful boyl them in equal parts of water and white Wine put to it towards the conclusion to half a pint Dissolve in the strained Liquor Oximel simple one ounce and an half Allum poudered one dram wash the ear with this warmed and after dry it with an armed Probe If the pain come from sharp Medicines drop in the Oyl of sweet or bitter Almonds with Myrrh Aloes and Saffron and if it be violent mix a little Opium or drop in the Oyl made of yolks of Eggs in a leaden Mortar If the Ulcer be very foul you must use Aegypâ—iacum Dissolved in the aforesaid Juyces Lastly Galen Aerius and Others both Greeks and Arabians do much Commend the Rust of Iron for the drying of Ulcers in the Ear. Galen 3. de comp med sec loc useth Scales of Iron ground or boyled with the sharpest Vinegar Hollerius in his Comment upon that Chapter doth prefer the Arrabian Preparation for they first grind the Iron with Vinegar then they dry it
with a little Wine he was recovered throwing also Water in his face after that he had a large stool was brought to his bed and bled with less violence then giving a dram and an half of Lapis Prunellae in cold Water presently the blood franched when the same and other Medicines could not formerly do it Although fainting be not vulgarly accounted a Remedy against bleeding at the Nose yet Hipp. lib. 3. Epid. Sect. 7. saith thus These things stop the bleeding of the Veins swouning the alteration of the posture or figure of the Body mâ—erception a tent apposition and deligation or binding Galen in 5. meth cap. 5. teacheth the same in these words Moreover Blood is stanched 〈◊〉 by fainting and by revulsion and derivation to the parts adjoyning and by cooling of the whole Body and especially the part afflicted But you must observe that fainting doth only profit when the blood floweth from the Veins which are terminated in the superficie of the body which Hippocrates also hints at when he prescribeth tents bandage and the like For when blood cometh from the internal parts as in an Hemoptoe or spitting of blood immoderate flux of the terms or internal wounds then fainting will encrease the bleeding the heat being thereby drawn into those parts from whence the blood cometh Zacutus Lucitanus Lib. 1. Praxis admirandae Obs 66. reports that he cured a desperate Hemorrhagy which would yield to no other Medicines by an actual Cautery to the soals of both feet which Remedy he saith had like success in a great bleeding at the mouth coming from the opening of the Vein called Ranuncula under the Tongue by corrosion from a sharp Gatarrh and when the Blood had flowen two dates to the quantity of twenty pounds and many astringents and Emplaâ—ers had been used as also Revulsies and thickening Medicines with Narcoticks or Stupefactives by a Cautery in the soal of the foot it was stanched If still he bleed after all the aforesaid Revulsions have been tried you must come to repelling Medicines such as are vulgarly called Anacollemata things to be applied to the Forehead and Temples which are thus made Take of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastick and Aloes of each one dram Bran and the hair of an Hare cut smal of each half a dram one white of an Egg the Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasm for the Forehead and the Temples In extremity you may quickly make a Cataplasm of Bole-Armenick only mixed with the white of an Egg and Vinegar for the same parts The most excellent is made of Time and Vinegar and applied to the Temples and the Forehead as thick as two fingers and if the first application do it not let it be repeated and it will certainly cure Amatus Lusitanus commends a cap made with the aforesaid Pouders mixed with Vinegar and Water laid upon the Head being shaven which you may try in great extremity Also you may make a Fomentation of very cold Water or Water and Vinegar to the Temples and Forehead changing your cloaths as they grow hot Or you may make a Fomentation of the Juyce of Plantane Knotgrass Hors-tail Shepheards-purse and the like with a little Vinegar to make it pierce Where mark That the Head is not to be washed with cold Water nor repelling Medicines to be laid to the Forehead before you have made sufficient Revulsions otherwise the blood being struck in with cooling wil fill the Veins above as Galen sheweth 5. meth cap. 6. and so the flux will be encreased by the heat encreased through Antiperistasis by which the motion and force of the blood is encreased or if the blood be stopt there will follow a Convulsion Apoplexy short and difficult breathing called Dyspnoea or the like Vinegar alone will stop blood if the Forehead be fomented therewith in a Spunge Or if you dip a Spunge in Vinegar and put it into the Nose To throw cold Water in the Face doth not only drive back the blood but also draweth inward by fear if done on a sudden and unawares As a syncope or swouning as we said before stancheth blood by the retraction of it inward by the same reason doth fear also A great quantity namely two or three glasses must be cast into the face divers times in a short time Ordinarily they use to hinder the ascent of the Blood with fomenting of the Neck with a cloth dipped in cold Vinegar and bound about the Neck changed often before it turn warm Vinegar and Water held in the mouth doth drive the blood down and keeps the blood from falling into the Throat Also Vinegar put into the Ear next to the Nostril bleeding is good to close the Vein A Bean or piece of money bound to the root of the Nose between the Eyebrows stoppeth the flux Also you must observe if the Veins or Arteries in the Forehead or Temples do swell for then you must bind them down with Money or a dry Bean slit in length and this is a special Remedy And for the better Compression you must lay a Pledget dipt in the white of an Eg beaten with Time upon the Bean or Money The sume of Vinegar sprinkled upon a hot Iron taken into the Nostrils will close the opened Veins As also Vinegar and Water often snuffed up Besides those things which repel we must use things that close and glutinate the Veins For which end many Remedies may be put into the Nose Galen lib. de paratu facilibus cap. 13. used Frankinsence and Aloes poudered with white of an Egg and the hairs of an Hare upon lint Or you may make a Tent thus Take of Frankinsence Aloes Dragons blood Bran Cobwebs and the hair of an Hare cut smal of each half a dram made up in a Tent with juyce of Plantane The same Pouders may be blown into the Nose For which purpose also great Practitioners do commend the pouder of Eg shels burnt and burnt Paper But you must remember besides the use of these pouders at the same time to fill the mouth with cold Water lest the Medicine get into the mouth The Cotton of an Ink-horn squeezed a little and made into a tent doth powerfully stop As also laid and bound to the Forehead If it yet continue you must come to Escharoticks which by burning the mouths of the Veins produce a Scab and so stay the blood But these must be used warily for when the Eschar falls off they will bleed again Burnt Vitriol is the best which besides its Escharotick quality is good to stanch blood If you will make it gentle you must mix other Medicines thus Take of Galls half a pound Allum a quarter of a pound Calcine them and blow the pouder into the Nose Or Take of Bole-Armenick Dragons blood Frankinsence Aloes Time burnt Vitriol Sarcocol and Mastich of each one dram Make afine Pouder White Vitriol is more gentle than
the Patient was cured without manual Operation which is seldom seen because those Tumors are of the Nature of Imposthumes and are contained in a little bag so that when the matter hath been discussed they have been filled again If this Tumor cannot be cured with discussing Remedies you must open it which must be often done for it will not often be discussed You must not make a smal Orifice when you open it because the matter contained in the Bagg wil be again gathered and the bagg filled unto which the part being loose and soft is very much disposed but you must make a very long Incision through the height of the Tumor in both sides that the whol matter may be discharged at once then you must wash the Ulcer first with gentle things as the Decoction of Mallows and then with Clensers as white Wine and Honey of Roses or Diamoron and after with Oxymel till it be clean and free from the Bagg And finally to heal it up wash the mouth with red Wine in which Allum is dissolved Forestus Cured the like in a Woman by an Incision made on both sides and after by washing with Wine and Water mixed with a little Salt If the Disease be old and the Ulcer wil not be cured by the aforesaid Remedy let it be touched with Oyl of Sulphur twice every day mixed with rose-Rose-water one drop of Oyl to six of Water for so the Distemper wil be corrected and the part dryed which must be often washed for confirmation with Red Wine with Allum dissolved in it If after the use of these the Disease return you must come to an actual Cautery the manner whereof is taught by Paraeus lib. 7. cap. 5. Chap. 3. Of the Taste being Hurt THE Taste as other Sences and al actions of the Body is hurt Three waies by being Diminished Abolished Depraved it is lessened when it scarce perceiveth remiss savors and strong savors but a little It is Abolished when it no waies perceiveth those savors whether they be great or little It is Depraved when the object seems to be of another taste The Causes of Diminishing and Abolishing the taste are the same only they differ in degrees for if they be light and weak they Diminish if great they Abolish the taste And these Causes are either a Defect of the Animal Spirit in the part or a Distemper of the Third pair of Nerves which come to the Tongue or the Tongue it self is Preternaturally affected The Spirits fail either by reason of their scarcity as in dying men or of the obstruction of the Nerves of the Third Conjugation by which they are carried or by reason of a Tumor bred in that part of the Head from whence those Nerves do arise The Tongue is either covered with a moist slimy matter or hath Tumors Pustuls or Ulcers and by these the proper action of taste may be diminished or abolished The Taste is Depraved when the Tongue is infected with an evil Humor as in Feavers when the Tongue is infected with Choller al things tasted are thought better otherwise if it be with salt flegm or melancholly al things appear to be salt or sowr for the outward objects being brought to the Tongue do move the vitious juyce of it which at that time striking upon the tongue most leaveth its savor thereon and so those things which are tasted seem to be of the same taste It happeneth also somtimes that the Tongue perceiveth the savors of the juyces contained in its self although no external Object be applied as Galen teacheth 1. de sympt caus cap. 4. And it is confirmed by daily Experience in men in Feavers whose tongue is covered with Choller which if it be very bitter they find a continual bitterness on the Tongue though they take nothing into their mouths The Diversity of the Causes aforesaid is known by the variety of the tasts and disposition of the Tongue for a sweet taste and redness of the Tongue signifieth blood bitterness and yellowness Choller whiteness with sweetness Flegm blackness and sharpness Melancholly a Nauseous taste sheweth that evil Humors are contained in the stomach Pustuls Tumors and Ulcers are manifest to the Eies And Lastly If the taste be hurt and there appear no change in the Tongue you must suppose that the Cause lieth in the Brain or Nerves The Cure is various according to the diversity of Causes and therefore if the Disease lie in the Brain or Nerves you must apply Remedies thereto especially such as use to be prescribed for the Cure of the Palzey but when the taste is depraved by ill Humors commonly that Symptom depends upon other Diseases especially upon Feavers which being Cured the Symptoms also are removed If the Taste be offended by Tumors the Cure thereof depends upon the Cure of the Tumors above mentioned Finally If it come from Pustles or Ulcers of the Tongue you must Cure them by blood letting and Purging of sharp Humors to which you may ad Cooling Drying and Binding Topicks in form of a Gargarism And if foul Ulcers be found let them be clensed with Honey of Roses with a little Oyl of Sulphur or Vitriol in such a quantity as may gently touch upon the Tongue Or if you wil Dry more violently Let the part Affected be often touched with the aforesaid Oyls pure and not mixed for so the Aphthe or Thrush and al Ulcers of the Mouth and Tongue are quickly Cured Chap. 4. Of the Palzey of the Tongue and the Hurt Motion thereof THE Chief Action of the Tongue is Speech and this is Abolished Diminished and Depraved by divers Causes which are referred to Similary Organick or Common Diseases As for the Similary A moist Distemper with Matter maketh the Tongue more soft and loose so that it cannot freely exercise its motions Dryness doth too much foul the Tongue as in Feavers But Organical or Diseases of the Instrument are when the Tongue is enlarged as we said before concerning Tumors which hinder the free motion of it also when the figure or shape of it is deformed as when the Tongue is naturally too short or by being partly cut off or if it be tyed too strait as also when the seventh pair of Nerves which come from the Brain to the Muscles which move the Tongue are stopped Lastly Common Diseases are Solutions of Continuity or Wounds in the part Too much moisture maketh Balbuties a kind of Stammering which keepeth men from prououncing of the Letter R. And this is either natural as in Children by reason of their much moisture who are Cured by age when the superfluous moisture is consumed But in some there is a moist distemper al their Life and they are alwaies stammerers of which Hippocrates speaketh Aph. 32. Sect. 6. thus Stammerers are most subject to long Fluxes of the Belly Galen in his Comments saith That they who naturally stammer have either a moist Brain or Tongue or both From the moist Brain much moisture may
a hot Catarrh If from a cold Cause you must take that course which is prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain but you must strengthen the Teeth with the Medicines in the Chapter following Chap. 2. Of the blackness and rottenness of the Teeth MAny times the Teeth do contract a black livid or yellow color from the evil Humors cleaving unto them which by long continuance do also corrode them and make them rotten and these Diseases come from filthy vapors that fly upwards and are engendered of evil nourishment or from the distemper of the stomach which corrupteth good nourishment Quick-silver doth black the Teeth whether it be used to the whol Body as in the Pox or only to the Face Hence it is that women which use Mercury to make them fair have black and ill color'd Teeth For the Cure you must first remove the antecedent Cause and if it comes from evil humors in the stomach they must be discharged and the distemper of the parts which produce them must be corrected and a good diet prescribed and those things forbidden which do corrupt the teeth especially sweet things Infinite Medicines are prescribed by Authors for making teeth white which may be experienced We are contented with one which presently makes them white clenseth them and keeps them from rotting namely the spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol in which you must dip a little stick and rub the teeth with the end thereof and then wipe them with a clout In a great foulness you may use the Oyls by themselves otherwise you must mix them with Honey of Roses or fair Water lest by the often use of them the Gums should be corroded Montanus consil 113. reports that he learned that at Rome of a Woman called Greek Mary to whom when he came when he was yong and she twenty yeers old and after when she was fifty he found her almost in the same condition and she confessed that her Beauty and strength was preserved by the Spirit of Vitriol and that her Teeth which were very bad in her youth were by that made very fair and firm and also her Gums and also that she perceived her self by the use thereof to seem more youthful and she used every day one drop or two to rub gently her Teeth and Gums The Ashes of Tobacco is very good also to clense and make white the Teeth For prevention and to preserve the Teeth first clense them with a Tooth-picker made of Mastich Wood or the like then wash the mouth with Wine and rub the Teeth with this Pouder Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Allum and white Coral of each one ounce Make a Pouder to rub the Teeth Or wash them with this Water Take of the fine Pouder of burnt Allum two drams whol Cinnamon half a dram Spring and Rose Water of each four ounces boyl them in a Glass upon hot Embers to the consuming of the third part Wash the Teeth therewith every morning with a cloth dipped therein Chap. 3. Of the Erosion or eating away and of the Exulceration of the Gums THe Gums are eaten away and exulcerated by sharp corroding humors which come unto them The parts from whence they come are the Brain Stomach Spleen and others Men that have Diseases in the Spleen are most subject to Ulcers in the Gums as in the Scurvy somtimes the erosion of the Gums comes from worms or the corrupt humors which cause worms so that it is a plain sign of worms when it continueth long So saith Fabricius Hildanus Obs 59. Centur. 1. the Son of a Citizen of Dusseldorp was long troubled with erosion of the Gums and died after the use of many internal Medicines and Topicks when he was opened we found abundance of worms which had eaten through his Guts and many in his Stomach The Cure is first to be directed to the antecedent cause and the vicious humors are to be evacuated by blood-letting and purging the sharp and hot humors are to be tempered with Apozemes Juleps and Physical Broths and the like The flux of the same is to be diverted by Cupping-glasses and Cauteries fitly applied And lastly the faults of the parts affected are to be corrected Afterwards you must use Topicks which are to be altered according to the greatness of the disease so that to a simple Erosion you must apply only those which astringe and dry as this Water following Take of unripe Galls Acorn Cups and Flowers of Pomegranates of each one ounce red Roses one pugil Allum three drams boyl them in two parts of Forge-water and one part of old red Wine and wash the Gums often therewith If the Erosion be not taken away with that use this Opiate Take of Dragons blood three drams Lignum Aloes red Roses Spodium and burnt Harts-horn and Cypress nuts of each one dram Mirrh and Tobacco Ashes of each three scruples Allum one dram Make them into Pouder and mix them with Honey and a few drops of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur Make an Opiate which must be spread upon linnen cloth and laid to the Gums at night The Spirit of Vitriol and Sulphur as they clense and whiten the Teeth so they take away the rottenness of the Gums either alone or mixed with Honey of Roses or Water as in the former Chapter If the Ulcer be deep and foul anoint with this Take of choyce Mirrh and Sugar-candy of each equal parts pouder them and fill the white of an hard Egg cut in the midst therewith then tie it with a thrid and hang it in a Wine-Celler with a glass under it and there will come forth a Liquor or Balsom with which anoint often But if by the use of the aforesaid the disease be not cured if the Tooth neer the Ulcer be rotten you must pull it out and then it will be presently cured otherwise never Chap. 4. Of bleeding at the Gums SOmtimes abundance of blood flows from the Gums either Critically or Symptomatically although the former be very seldom yet it is somtimes so we may see by Experience and by reading So saith Dodonaeus Obs 14. A certain Quarrier having the smal Pox had a flux of blood from his Gums and being stopt it made the Urine bloody which being stopt it returned again to the Gums and there continued till he recovered of the smal Pox. Amatus Lucitanus Curat 5. Centur. 5. saies that some have had benefit by bleeding at the Gums and have been worse when it was stopped Also Zacutus Lucitanus obs 86. lib. 1. Praxis admir speaks of a Goldsmith who when he fell into a Feaver by laboring at the Furnace being of a strong constitution lost much blood by opening a Vein and amended so that the seventh day having had an itching of his Gums and a pain in the lower Lip the blood gushed from the Veins of his lower Gums for three daies in such a quantity that he lost above five pints more and the more he bled the more
his Feaver abated and when it was gone the blood stopped The Gums bleed Symptomatically when the blood is sharp and the Liver or Spleen distempered So that in the Scurvy this flux is ordinary Somtimes after a Tooth is drawn there is so great a flux of blood by reason the Artery is torn which is the root of the Tooth that somtimes men have died thereof The Cure of a Symptomatical flux is by bleeding and purging and other Remedies for the bowels As also by Topicks astringing made into Gargarisms Pouders Liniments or Opiates If it come from a Tooth drawn you must first let blood and Cup to make revulsion and apply astringents to the part as a Cataplasm of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata Sanguis Draconis and the like astringents made up with the white of an Egg. Also Time alone with the white of an Egg is good But if they do not suffice you must lay the Patients finger upon the part and let him hold it there till the blood congeal above the orifice of the Artery If it cannot be stopt with sleight things use stronger Valeriola obs 3. lib. 5. reports that an old woman who had a Tooth taken forth with the singers only had a violent bleeding upon it from the Artery under the Gum which he stopt with burnt Vitriol when other things failed which is excellent both for astringency and burning Zacutus Lucitanus obs 84. lib. 1. Prax. Med. admir relates a History of one who having a grievous Tooth that ached drew it violently forth and after had a great flux of blood from the Artery torn which when it could not be stopped by Blood-letting Cupping and Astringents nor by laying on the finger nor by burnt Vitriol at last by his advice the place was filled with Gum Arabick which stopt it in three hours space for it hath power to stop cool glutinate and dry The same Zacutus Obs 85. of the same Book reports of a certain strong Soldier who after great pain drew a Tooth violently and bled much from the Artery under the Tooth for two daies the best Physitians use al Astringents to the part with Revulsives and burn the Artery with a hot iron but al in vain for he bled stil even unto death Zacutus being called applied the Plaister of Galen made of Frankinsence Aloes the hairs of an Hare poudered and mixed with the white of an Egg by which in a few hours the blood stopt and the Patient recovered Galen boasteth that he invented this precious Medicine lib. 5. meth cap. 7. and stopped the Artery in the Elbow And cap. 4. of the same Book and in his Book of Curing by Blood-letting Chapter the last he confirmeth the Excellency thereof by many stories Chap. 5. Of the Vcers of the Mouth and Jaws THe smal and superficial Ulcers of the Mouth are usually Aphthae or Trush although in Galen and Hippocrates it is somtimes used for Ulcers in other parts but they which are deeper are absolutely called the Ulcers of the Mouth and Jaws Such as are in the French Pox. These Ulcers breed of sharp Humors or Vapors coming from divers parts into the Jaws so in malignant Feavers they often happen or to those that have hot Livers or foul Bodies So the Children have the Trush as Hipp. aph 24. sect 3. either from the sharpness of the Milk which Ulcerates those tender parts in its passage as Galen teacheth in his Comment upon the same Aphorism or from the corruption of the milk in the Stomach by which sharp vapors are sent to the mouth as Galen affirms 9. de compos med sec loc cap. ultimo Now these Ulcers are divers as some are slighter some more dangerous some are in Children some in Men some are joyned with Inflamation some are without these divers degrees are according to the variety of the Humors of which they come For they proceed either of Blood Choller Flegm or Melancholly or Choller Adust which hath not only a burning but often a malignant quality and begets evil conditioned Ulcers These Differences are known by their proper signs for if the Ulcers be Redish they come of Blood if Yellow of Choller if White of Flegm if Livid or Blew from Melancholly if they stink they are foul As for the Prognostick Aphthae or Truth is easily Cured but deep Ulcers and putrid called in Greek Nomai are hardly Cured And in Children they are more dangerous by reason of their tender flesh which they sooner devour As also because strong Medicines cannot be applied unto them hence somtimes Children die of them when they are Malignant and putrid Also in respect or the Cause those Ulcers which come of Flegm are least dangerous those that come of Blood or Choller more and those that come of Melancholly most of al. Black and Crusty Ulcers are deadly especially in Children The Jaws Ulcerated in a Feaver are hard to be Cured as Hipp. teacheth 3. Prog. Because as Galen explaineth they shew the malignity of the matter The Cure is first by good Diet which Cooleth and Dryeth and hindereth the Generation of the antecedent Cause Therefore when Children have it from their Suck let the Nurse be changed or eate good Diet as also let her blend and be purged if need be especially let her eate Cool Astringent things as Quinces Pears Medlers Services Lettice and Purslain prescribe the same to men and let them avoid sharp things salt and pepper Then you must look to the antecedent Cause with Universal Evacuations according to the age And first Phlebotomy doth powerfully revel the Humors and tempereth their sharpness by Cooling the whol body After this â—up and Scarrifie put Horsleeches behind the Ears and under the Chin and apply a Vesicatory to the Neck behind The next day after you have let blood you must prescribe a Purge agreeable to the Humor offending and the age of the Patient From the beginning of the Cure use Topicks called by Galen Stomatica or Medicines for the Mouth and at first they must be mild as Gargarisms mouth-Mouth-waters made of Plantane Honey-suckle and Roses Water with Syrup of dried Roses and of Mulberies or Decoctions of Plantane Bramble Leaves Knot-grass Pomegranat Flowers Red Saunders and the like with Syrup afore mentioned And if there be Inflamation you may do wel if you ad the Juyce of Nightshade Housleek and Purslain with as much Sal Pruneilae as wil not make it too sharp Or a little crude Allum If there be no Inflamation the Chief only Remedy is Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur which may be used alone to Men upon a little lint at the end of a stick gently touching the part by which it wil be presently Cured if it be a simple Aphtha But to Children you must mix the Spirit aforesaid with Honey of Roses so that it may be but a little sharp and with a little Lint at the end of a Probe often apply it and they wil be quickly Cured If the Ulcers are very painful and
inflamed they must Gargle with Milk often or with an Emulsion of the Cold Seeds or the Mucilage of Fleabane-seeds and Quince-seeds extracted with the waters of Roses Plantane and Nightshade If the pain wil not be removed with these Revulsions and Topicks but the Humors are stil drawn thither by it which causeth want of sleep and Consumption of the body which endanger the life the last Remedy is Narcotick which wil asswage the pain and stop the Flux you must give it according to the strength and age of the Patient I once saved a Childs life by Gods assistance of Four Yeers old with one grain of Laudanum when his Jaws and Tongue were deeply Ulcerated with such an Inflamation that he could neither take Broth nor Topicks the Humors flowing so fast from his mouth that he lay night and day complaining without any rest If the Ulcer be sordid First wash it with the Decoction of Barley and Honey of Roses and in Children with Milk chaly beated or in which Steel hath been often quenched mixed with Conserve of Roses then use stronger Medicines and principally Honey of Roses above mentioned made a little sharp with some drops of Spirit of Vitriol If these wil not do you may ad to the Waters and Decoction above mentioned burnt Allum the Collyrium of Lanfrank and Aegyptiacum in a quantity agreeable to the Disease Lastly If it come from the French Pox it wil not be Cured til the Pox be Cured Chap. 6. Of the Relaxation of the Vvula or Falling Down of the Pallate THe Relaxation of the Uvula comes from a Rhewm falling from the Brain upon it with which there is somtimes bloud mixed and then there is an Inflamation also and this often fals upon the Tonsils or Spongious Kernels the Inflamation whereof shal not here be treated of because it is Cured by the same means with the Inflamation of the Tongue and of the Ulcers of the Mouth A Waterish Humor falling upon the Uvula or Collumella doth so moisten soften and relax it that it wil be extended to the upper part of the oesophagus or Wezand and cause a Nauseousness and the Patient wil seem to have somthing in his Throat which he cannot swallow down by which you may know it without looking into the mouth The Cure is first by the Antecedent Cause that is by Evacuating the Humors flowing from the Head by Revelling and Deriving them with such Medicines as were prescribed in the Cure of a Catarrh The Chief Topicks are Astringents and Repellers such as were prescribed in the Cure of the Ulcers of the Gums and Jaws and shal be prescribed in the Chapter following of the Cure of the Angina to which afterwards you must ad some Resolvers and Dryers And though the Gargarisms in those Chapters mentioned are here good yet when there is no Inflamation the use of Pouders is better for with them the Vvula relaxed is more powerfully dried and Astringed And therefore First apply Pomegranat peels poudered and after mix it with a little Pepper Or Take of Red Roses and Pomegranat flowers and Peels of each half a dram the Roots of Snakweed and Tormentil Galls and Flower-de-luce-Roots of each one dram burnt Allum two scruples make a Pouder Ordinary Chirurgeons apply the Pouder of Long Pepper but it is dangerous for it is to be feared lest the Humors should be drawn violently from the Brain to the part The Manner of applying this Pouder is to depress the Tongue with a Speculum Oris and then blow up some pouder in your Uvula spoon do this often til the Humor be spent The instrument invented by Fabricius Hildanus Obs 21. Cent. 2. is the best for this And if the Uvula relaxed cannot be brought to its former condition by these means but continueth extended and painful your last Remedy is to cut off a piece thereof in which Operation you must take some Cautions The first is from Hippocrates 3. Progn Text. 21. where he saith That Vvula's are Cut and Scarrified and burnt when they are red and swoln but not without danger for an Inflamation followeth and a Flux of Blood but you must endeavor to extenuate these accidents by other means at that time But when the Vvula hangs down and the lower part of it is greater than the higher and round then it is safe to operate but it is better first to administer a Clyster if time will permit Galen in his Commentary upon these words of Hippocrates saith that an Uvula inflamed is not to be cut off or scarrified but after the inflamation is gone so that the superior part is lessened Another Caution is taken out of Paulus Aegineta lib. 6. cap. 31. you must not touch the Uvula with an iron to cut it when it is livid or blackish that is when it hath malignity in it and inclineth to be a Cancer But out of the same Author we have a lawfulness of the operation when they are long and white or as Hippocrates saith smal at the top We have an Example of the good success of this operation in Amatus Lucitanus Obs 65. Cent. 3. upon a Student who had his Uvula hung down like a thong long and without blood in it which when Medicines could not cure he cut off and after touching the part with a little Spirit of Vitriol he cured the Patient The third Caution is That you cut not off too much for then the Voyce and Breathing will be hurt according to Galen 11. de usu part cap. 11. and consumption and death it self will ensue as often is seen in the French Pox. Chap. 7. Of Angina or Quinzie or Squinzie THe word Angina taken generally signifies every Disease of the Jaws and Throat by which breathing and swallowing are hindered when there is no defect in the Lungs and Breast And this is two-fold a Legitimate and proper Squinzy and a Bastard or or improper A Legitimate Squinzy comes from an Inflamation by which the Muscles of the Jaws and Throat being swelled do stop and contract the waies of breathing and swallowing This Inflamation doth either possess the Throat or the Jaws called Pharynx Both these parts have both internal and external Muscles And though for the most part the Pharynx and Larynx Jaws and Throat do suffer in an Angina by reason of their neerness yet one is more affected than the other Hence many differences of Symptomes do arise in respect whereof Galen in 4. de loc aff cap. 5. makes four sorts of Angina's which the Grecians before his time named too curiously One is called Sunagchen another Cunagchen the third Parasunagchen and the fourth Paracunagchen If the Inflamation be in the inward and proper Muscles of the Larynx it is called Cunagche if it be in the inward Muscles of the Pharynx Sunagche if in the outward Muscles of the Larynx Paracunagche and if in the outward Muscles of the Jaws or Pharynx it is called Parasunagche Not only the Muscles of the Jaws and
Vein opened an hour after the blood will continue pure Hors-dung dissolved in Carduus Water and strained doth powerfully disperse the pain and the humor in the Pleurisie White Hen-dung given in a dram of the same Water doth as much These Dungs have much Volotile Salt which is very piercing and discussing You may make a Potion of them both thus Take of Hemp seed one ounce bruise them then put to them of the white Dung of a Hen and of Horse Dung of each half an ounce dissolve them in five ounces of Carduus Water strain them and drink it The Blood of a wild Goat given to ten drops with the aforesaid Water doth powerfully discuss the Pleurisie In the want thereof you may give the blood of a tame Goat But because the strength of him is little you may give thereof to the quantity of one dram You must prepare it thus Hang up the Goat by the Horns and bend his hinder Legs backward to his Horns then cut out his Stones and take the Blood in a broad Vessel dry it in the Sun in Summer or at other times upon an Oven It is far different from the Goats Blood in the Shops The Soot of a Chimney given to a dram is very good but much rather the spirit of Soot described by Hartman in his Practice of Physick In an Epidemical Pleurisie Sudoroficks are to be given such as are prescribed in malignant Feavers which also ought to be made as proper for this Disease as may be A Diarrhoea coming upon a Pleurisie is dangerous therfore you must give Syrup of Myrtles which doth stay the Diarrhoea and also expectorate and this is to be mixed with other Syrups Let me Belly and Reins be anointed with astringents as useth to be done in all Diarrhoea's Give Clysters made of Barley Water which as Galen saith doth cool and astringe if it be boyled with red Roses and also Yolks of Eggs be dissolved in it Chap. 3. Of Peripneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs PEripneumonia hath the same essence with a Pleurisie and is distinguished only by the part affected because that is the inflamation of the Lungs and this of the Membrane that compasseth the Ribs They differ somwhat in the matter for a Pleurisie comes often of Choller but a Peripneumonia of Flegm although all humors as we said of a Pleurisie may produce this disease I mean humors which are like blood and make up the mass of it For as thick humors do hardly penetrate the thick Membrane called Pleura but thin and Chollerick easily so on the other side thick flegmatick humors do easily go to the soft and thin substance of the Lungs and stick close thereto but thin and Chollerick humors do easily pass by But this hindereth not but the Chollerick blood may somtimes cause the Inflamation of the Lungs as Hippocrates 1. de morbis describeth the Erysipelas or Chollerick tumor of the Lungs which comes from Chollerick blood thrown into the Lungs from the right Ventricle of the Heart by the Arterial Vein But an oedematous Inflamation comes from flegmatick blood falling upon the Lungs by way of defluxion from the Head But only excrementitious flegm falling as a Catarrh from the Brain can make a Peripneumonia because it putrifieth in the Lungs and attracteth blood by the mixture whereof there is an Inflamation and this often happeneth in old folk Mesue saith that this Peripneumonia comes rather of Choller because the Lungs are nourished with Chollerick blood which cometh in great plenty to them by the Arterial Vein To whom we answer that fresh thin and steeming blood made in the right Ventricle of the Heart is carried into the Lungs which by reason of its purity is easily governed by Nature and is sent by the Venal Artery to the left Ventricle of the Heart and it seldom is altered from its Natural condition which useth to make a Peripneumonia But contrarily a defluxion from the Head cutting through the large passages into the Bronchia of the Lungs if it there putrifie will draw blood unto it and make a Peripneumonia This Peripneumonia is somtimes alone without another disease somtimes it followeth other diseases as Squinzy or Pleurisie Galen in Com. 11. Sect. 7. Aphor. teacheth that a Peripneumonia doth follow a Pleurisie two waies Either when a Pleurisie is turned into a Peripneumonia or when an inflamation of the Lungs followeth a Pleurisie This transmutation is when the former disease ceaseth and the other comes but it comes upon it when it is white the former remaineth Therefore the immediate internal cause of a Peripneumonia is blood often flegmatick seldom chollerick and most seldom melanchollick Which either comes from the whol body being plethorick or cachochymical that is full or of evil habit or from some part which is replete or distempered The External Causes of Peripneumonia and Pleurisie are the same namely whatsoever defluxion can come to those parts the chief whereof are First great exercise and violent motion of the Body especially after long rest and high feeding For then the humors abounding from high diet and kept in by long rest by exercise are dispersed attenuated and heated and are after sent to the weaker parts most fit to receive them among which the Breast and Lungs are chief because by strong exercise there is caused great and often breathing and so they become wearied and the substance of the Lungs being soft and loose can easily receive the humors coming to them Secondly Among the external Causes the cold and Northernly Air is reckoned when it comes suddenly after a Southern and warm for the pores are opened by warm Air and the humors are more fluid which by the cold Air coming after are compressed and the humors sent to the weak parts Lastly From Hipp. lib. of Air Places and Waters the drinking of standing Pools and Lakes begets the Peripneumonia for saith the Divine old man we observe diseases of the Lungs to be most in Marshy Countries Also the Signs of a Peripnumonia do agree with the signs of a Pleurisie Two are the same as a sharp Feaver and a Cough which somtimes is dry somtimes moist or with more Flegmatick spittle coloured with Choller or Blood and in the progress of time the spittle becomes Mattery when the matter of the Disease grows ripe and concocted by heat which somtimes comes to pass when the substance of the Lungs is not hurt for if they ulcerate a Consumption wil sollow So we may observe That in sore Eyes that are Mattery the humors are converted into Matter when the substance of the Eye is neither suppurated nor ulcerated The other signs differ in respect of the part affected the difficulty of Breathing is greater than in a Pleurisie by reason of the narrowness of the part inflamed so that the Patient seems to be choaked and cannot breath but with the head upright For the part cannot be compressed by reason of the extention and repletion nor be more dilated
by Schenkius by which it appears that he never see it till â—heir bodies who died of it were opened by him Therefore we will describe it exactly that a Phy-â—â—tian may not be deceived This serous humor either may be bred in the Lungs by the proper fault of them as when it doth â—ot concoct its own nourishment but turneth it into Water which by degrees is sent to the Cavity â—f the Breast or by bladders breaking upon the Lungs which are mentioned by Hippocrates in his â—ook of Internal Diseases and also by others Or it is sent into the Breast from other parts as from â—he Hypochondria especially when the Liver or the Spleen are distempered with a Schirrus or other â—isease by which much water is produced This watery humor is either sent by the Veins to the â—ungs which are weak or else from the Cavity of the Abdomen it is carried to the Breast by Insensiâ—le Transpiration Now Experience teacheth that this serous humor may be sent from one Belly to â—nother because the dropsie of the Breast turns into a dropsie of the Belly and a dropsie of the belâ—y into the Breast from whence they are suddenly choaked The Diagnosis of this Disease as hath been said is very hard for almost all the signs are the â—ame with the signs of other Diseases of the Breast But a noise of Water in the breast is only peâ—uliar to this Disease and to Empyema which may be heard within if the body be moved to and fro â—r be taken upon a strong mans shoulders and shaken But all the Signs which we mentioned from Hippocrates taken together may make a certain Diagâ—osis To which you may ad this one as being most evident to shew the Disease and by which â—he Dropsie in the breast is only distinguished from other difficulties of breathing namely When â—t every first beginning to sleep this difficulty of breathing cometh and hindereth it and by night enâ—reaseth and towards morning by degrees abateth To these you may ad somtimes a pain of one Arm or Shoulder which comes either from the humor falling from the Head into the Breast part whereof falls into the Arm being neer or from the water contained in the breast and sent to the Arms by the Axillary Veins of the Arm-holes or from â—he Refrigeration of the Intercostal Muscles from which the Nerves are derived to the Arms or from â—ome other sympathy by way of vicinity For Hippocrates in Coacis observed this Sympathy of the â—reast and arms If those parts or lobes of the Lungs which hang towards the right and left side of â—he Chest be vehemently inflamed so that they sway or rest upon one side of the Chest or Ribs the â—atery matter breaks out on the same side of the Body where the Lungs lean or rest This is a great Disease and hard to be cured for they who have it have their Natural heat very â—eak and their natural strength also from some great disease in the bowels from whence it comes that when the humor collected in the breast is evacuated by Medicines which is very difficult there â—omes more in the place of it from whence the disease is not only nourished but encreased so that â—t length by abundance of water they fall into the Dropsie called Ascites yet in the beginning beâ—ore the bowels are much hurt it somtimes may be cured For the Cure of this disease you must observe two Indications namely That the matter contaiâ—ed in the breast be evacuated and that the breeding thereof again be hindered It is a hard thing to empty the water contained in the breast because the waies are not open by which it should be brought forth Therefore Hippocrates doth advise to open the side which because â—e never see practised and never read in any Author that it was done with good success we cannot absolutely approve and we may speak of it as we have of the Opening or Tapping for the Dropsie in its proper Chapter Therefore it is better to attempt this Evacuation with Medicines that expel Water for which purpose al those Medicines prescribed by us in the Cure of the Dropsie are good Where we must observe diligently That if when the Disease is confirmed and much serous humor is gathered in the Breast you give a violent Purge those humors wil be much moved from whence there wil come a great Suffocation which wil kil the Patient therefore be wary and give your Medicine in a less Dose though oftener and mix them with strong Openers that purge Urin that both the passages may be unstopt and the Matter carried to the Uritories Among Water Purges the Minerals are best as Mercurius Dulcis and Mercurius Vitae so corrected that it may work only downward Also Diureticks alone or Medicines to provoke Urin often used are good because they turn away the matter coming to the breast to the bladder and by way of Consequence they bring it also from the breast Also Sudorificks are profitable to the carrying away of this serous matter and we saw a man of sixty years old who by the use of a Sweating drink made of Guaiacum and Sarsa taken fifteen days together and by provoking sweat with the vapor of the Spirit of Wine was Cured Cauteries applied to make Issues in the Thighes and Legs are also good to take Water from the breast You may hinder the breeding of this Water by amending the faults of those parts which send this Matter So if the Lungs be in fault you must apply proper Medicines unto them if the Liver or Spleen be troubled with Distemper Obstruction Schirrus or the like you must cure them by Medicines taken out of their several Chapters But those things which do strengthen the Vital and the Natural parts wil alwayes agree such as are prescribed in the Cure of Weakness Dropsie and Flux of the Liver Chap. 6. Of Haemoptysis or Spetting of Blood ALthough usually the word Haemoptysis doth signifie al manner of Spetting of blood from what part soever it doth proceed whether from the Breast Lungs Rough Artery or from the Jaws Gums Pallat Uvula Brain Stomach Liver and Spleen Yet Galen lib. 1. decris cap. 5. saith That Haemoptysis properly is taken for that spetting of blood which comes from the Vital parts as the Breast Lungs and rough Artery It is a Symptome in the excretion of those things which are wholly besides Nature But since every Symptome depends upon a Disease as its next and immediate Cause the Cause of this wil be either an Organical or a Common Disease The Organical is Two-fold the opening of the Vessels called in Greek Anastoriosis and Rarifaction called Diapedesis Also the Common Disease is Two-fold namely the breaking of the same Vessels called Rexis and the Corrosion of them called Diabrosis The Internal Cause immediately producing the Diseases is a great quantity of blood Blood exceeding in quantity wil either break the Veins or open their Orifices and so make either
the Juyce of Pomegranate or Knotgrass but to them who bled not much he gave it with warm water But he saith you must sift it well give it often that it may better be distributed and in Wine Antony Valerius exercit ad cap. 27. lib. 1. Hollerij de morb internis reports that he cured when all means failed by this Pouder which he had from Julius Scaliger Take of Spodium red Roses Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata and Blood-stone of each half an ounce red Coral Amber and Pearls not perforated of each two drams and an half Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each two drams the seeds of Purslain Mallows Ribwort red Roses burnt Harts-horn and white Starch burnt of each three drams Make thereof a fine pouder and give three drams thereof with rain water This Pouder Scaliger borrowed of Serapio who mentioned it in his Book of Spitting of blood and which Valesus also commends And you may make Tablets thereof with Sugar dissolved in â—ose or Plantane Water The Electuary of Haelideus is like it and easier made which was wont to be famous in Germany â—â—d so commended of Gesner Erastus and Crato thus Take of the seeds of white Poppy and Henbane of each ten drams Terra Sigillata and red Coral of each five drams old Sugar of Roses as much as will make an Electuary Give hereof â—e dram morning and evening after universal Medicines have been given But because that spitting is stopped by the use of Astringents and thence comes difficulty of â—eathing you must at times use things that mollify the Breast and also stop bleeding such as they â—hich are compounded of Gum Arabick Tragacanth Starch and Syrup of dried Roses Quinces Mirâ—â—s and Jujubes the Juyce of Plantane and Purslain while you use Astringents if the Belly be â—â—und give a Clyster or Purge that leaves some Astringency In the whol time of the Cure if you suspect that there is any congealed blood in the breast you must dissolve it with Oxycrate thus made according to Galen 5. Meth. that it may be pleasant and not provoke Coughing with the Vâ—negar for so it dissolveth the blood and gently bindeth Let him take six ounces warm twice or thrice in one day and if it provoke Coughing sweeten it with Sugar but you must use this when the bleeding begins to cease for this also Amber and Mummy mixed with glutinatours and astringents is good Also for the allaying the Heat of the Liver use often a Cooling Epithem to the right side Take of Rose Plantane and Succory Water of each four ounces Vinegar of Roses two ounces the Pouder of the Electuary of the three Saunders one drani and an half Camphire one scruple make an Epitheme to be applied warm to the Liver After the use of the Epitheme anoint the same part with Oyntment of Roses or the Cerat of Saunders with a little Rose-Vinegar Anoynt also the Reins of the Back with Oyl of Roses and Water-Lillies washed with Vinegar adding a little Camphire to allay the heat of the blood in the hollow Vein But you must beware of things that are too Astringent lest they drive the blood from the hollow Vein into the Lungs It is also very good to wash the stones with Oxycrate to stop the Flux and allay the heat for there is a great consent between these parts A Bath would also be good to allay the heat of the Bowels but because they relax and so open the Veins you must avoid it Let him drink Syrup of Myâ—tles Purslain and dried Roses or Sugar of Roses with Barley-water or with the Water wherein Blood-stone or sealed Earth hath been infused Or mix Conserve of Roses with the Water or with Water wherein Coriander hath been infused made sharp with the Spirit of Vitriol or with the Tincture of Roses A weak Decoction of Yarrow drunk ordinarily is good against al bleeding If a sharp Defluxion from the Head upon the Lungs be the Cause of this Disease besides what hath been said you may use those Remedies which are prescribed in the Cure of a Hot Catarrh After the Blood is stopped to keep it from returning you must first abstain from al things that stir the Humors as violent exercise great heat anger roaring rich Wines the meates mentioned which are either salt or spiced Conserve of dried Roses must be held in the mouth especially at bed time Take of Conserve of Roses and of Comfry Roots of each one ounce the Troches of Amber and sealed Earth of each half a dram red Coral and prepared Pearls of each one scruple Sugar of Roses as much as all the rest make a mixture of which let him take a spoonful somtimes one hour before meat Let him be purged four times in a yeer or oftener if occasion be with the Potion of Rhubarb and Myrobalans above mentioned to which instead of Syrup ad one ounce of Manna You may with good success give a scruple of torrefied Rhubarb every morning one hour before meat especially if the blood be very serous as it is commonly in Haemorrhages Also Rhubarb not torrefied given in the same quantity for so the blood after the serous watery Humor is carried away wil grow thicker Or You may give a dram of Rhubarb once every Week There is also a Magistral Syrup to clense the blood from thin serous Humors As Take of the Leaves of Bugloss Fumitory Hops Succory Endive Agrimony Plantanâ— Maiden-hair of each one handful the Tops of Asparagus Vervain and Eyebright of each half an handful the Seeds of Gourds and Mellons of each half an ounce Endive and Doddeâ— seed of each two drams Liquoris scraped and Raisons of each one ounce sweet Prunes twelve Senna four ounces Polypody of the Oak two ounces Agarick tyed in a thin Clout six drams Mace one dram the Three Cordial Flowers red Pease or Pulse of each one pugil boyl these to a pint an half dissolve in the straining of the juyce of sweet Apples three ounces sine Sugar oâ—â— pound and a quarter make a Syrup boyled well sented with yellow Saunders Then infuse in it one ounce of Rhubarb beaten and tyed in a Clout let him take an ounce and an half or two ounceâ— with Broth twice in a month Make an Issue in the right or lest Leg as the Liver or Spleen are affected Lastly Let him use for a whol Month Asses-Milk steeled for prevention of this Disease For his Drink take Water boyled a little with Coriander seeds or the Decoction of Barley and Liquoris Chap. 7. Of Phthisis or Consumption ALthough the word Phthisis signifie every Consumption yet it is most properly taken for that extenuation of body which cometh after an Ulcer in the Lungs For this Extenuation of body comes from a putrid lingring Feaver which turneth to an Hectick and this Feaver comes from the Ulcer in the Lungs from which by reason of their neerness to the Heart putrid Vapors are continually sent thither and cause the
the Lungs and to Cure Ulcers Take this following for an Example Take of green Coltsfoot eight handfuls Hysop two handfuls bruise them and put them in a Pot with a little water lute it close then set it into the Oven when the Bread is half baked and then take it out with the Bread and put a Funnel into a hole made at the top and so take in the smoak through the mouth at the Lungs and put it out at the Nose and it wonderfully provokes spetting You must also Morning and Evening use a Cooling Liniment to the Breast As Take of Gum Tragacanth and Arabick of each one dram infuse them in Rose water a day and a night put then thereto of Oyl of Violets one ounce and an half Fresh Butter half an ounce Sal. Prunellae two drams Camphire one scruple Breast-milk as much as will serve Mix them in a Mortar to an Oyntment To Repair a Consumption or to Prevent or Hinder it besides Restoring Diets which are principally made of Barley Almonds Pine-nuts Rice Nuts and the like which Authors declare Milk commended at first is very good and a Bath of hot Water of Barley and Almonds bruised but this is not good in a Catarrh nor while there is a putrid Feaver nor when the Lungs are ful of Excrements Let his Drink be Water and Sugar Barley Water and Liquoris an Infusion of Liquoris a thin Hydromel or a weak Decoction of China The End of the Seventh Book THE EIGHTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Heart The PREFACE THE Heart hath many Diseases Similary Organick and Common But because few will submit to the Physitian in regard of the nobleness of the part which will endure long pain but a man is suddenly gone and there is no time for Physick we who intend to bring all our Labors into practice will lay down only three Diseases of the Heart which are usual and require many Medicines and we shall bring them into three Chapters The first shall be of Swooning The second of Palpitation of the Heart And the third of Weakness Chap. 1. Of Syncope or Swooning Syncope is defined by Galen 12. meth c. 5. to be a sudden failing of all the Strength For although the Heart only suffer and the Vital Spirits are only intercepted yet when it fails the rest must suffer because they have a continual and necessary influence from it It is called a sudden failing of all the Strength that it may be distinguished from other Diseases in which the strength goes by degrees till death come nor is the Doctrine of Avicen against it Fen. 1. Lib. 3. Tract 2. Cap. 2. where he propounds the sign of a Syncope that comes by degrees for although the Causes that dissolve the Spirits do somtimes work by degrees yet when they grow great they make a sudden Syncope and therefore Avicen rather propoundeth the signs that go before a Syncope than those that accompany it Moreover This Definition may seem to agree with an Apoplexy in which there is a sudden failing of all the strength but in an Apoplexy there is strength in the Heart and the Pulse is generally great and full And also there is great hinderance of breath with snorting but in a Syncope the breath is no waies stopped The question is Why When the action of the heart ceaseth doth the action of the Brain also cease since the Animal Spirit is made of the Vital by way of Concoction and must therefore stay some time in the Brain although the Vital do not constantly come to it We answer That the Brain as all other parts for the perfecting of its actions doth alwaies stand in need of adventitious heat which is brought to it by the Vital Spirits and therefore when the Vital Spirits come not neither doth heat come for the Brain to perform its functions There are other Diseases very like to Syncope differing only in degrees from it namely Eclusis Leipothumia and Asphuxia Eclusis is a light fainting Leipothumia or Leipopsuchia or Apopsuchia is a very strong and great fainting Syncope is the greatest which if it go so far that the pulse in the whol Body ceaseth to beat it is called Asphyxia which is next unto death The word Synchope was not used by Hippocrates and the Ancient Greeks but they call'd this Disease Leipothymia Lipopsychia and Asphyxia But it was invented a little before Galens time and used for the greatest so Galen 1. ad Glauc cap. 14. saith Leipothymia is an imperfect Syncope and goes before it By what hath been said it appears that the part affected is the Heart where the Vital Spirits are all made by whose influence the Natural heat and Spirits in every part are made to act therefore when that ceaseth by stoppage of the Influx of the Vital Spirits it is necessary that the strength of all parts should fail and their actions cease The immediate Cause of this Disease is the defect of the Vital Spirits not wholly for then sudden death would come but so great that Nature is constrained lest the strength of the Heart should totally fail to fetch the Spirits from the other parts to the Heart by which means the parts lose their functions Now this defect of Spirits comes four waies Either because they are Naturally few or because they are dissipated and spent or because they are preternaturally altered and corrupted or lastly because they are suffocated and destroyed They are few by fault of the faculty making or matter from which they are made The Faculty is hurt either by a disease proper to the Heart or by consent from another part The proper Diseases of the Heart which are the chief are great distempers which overthrow the Natural temper or destroy the substance of the parts or of the Natural heat as swooning Feavers sharp and malignant Syntacticae or Colliquantes or fainting pestilential hectical or Marasmodes which consume to this come organical diseases as too much constriction and dilatation and constant solutions which come to the Ventricles of the Heart The Faculty may be hurt by consent from other parts which have great sympathy with the Heart as the Brain and Liver and somtimes from the mouth of the Stomach by reason of its neerness and exquisite sence from whence a Syncope is divided into a Heart and Stomach Syncope The Cardiaca or Heart Syncope is when the Heart is principally affected but the Stomachia or Stomach Syncope is that which comes by consent from the Stomach Somtimes it comes from the Mother by filthy vapors sent from thence to the Heart from whence comes the Suffocation of the Matrix Apnoea or want of breath and Hysterical Syncopes as those vapors do assault the Lungs Diaphragma or the Heart The fault is in the Matter when the Air or Blood is defective or corrupted from whence the Vital Spirits are generated There is defect of Air when the Respiration and Transpiration is hindered but the defect of
the breast a pale colour black and blew a smal obscure and unequal pulse A swoonding by way of Sympathy from other parts is known by the sign of those parts affected so that if it come from the stomach that hath been distempered with loathing vomiting gnawing the mouth hath been bitter and dry and the like The same Judgement is to be taken in other parts but if you see no sign of any other part affected you may conclude that it comes principally from the heart Moreover A Syncope is distinguished from other Diseases by its proper signs From an Epilepsy because that hath a Convulsion but a Syncope not From an Apoplexy because in that the breath is stopt and there is often snorting and the pulse is not much abated except when Death is at hand but in a Syncope the Pulse is almost gone and the breath is free It is distinguished from the Mother for in that the breathing parts are most affected so that the Patient is almost strangled but the Pulse is not much altered nor the colour of the face but keeps its natural complection and somtimes is higher coloured but in a Syncope the breath is not stopt but the pulse is almost gone and the face is pale But somtimes a Syncope is joyned with the Suffocation of the Mother and then the Pulse is not perceived The Prognostick of this Disease is first taken from Hippocrates Aph. 41. Sect. 2. They who often and violently faint without a manifest Cause do die suddenly For as it is said a great Syncope doth quite take away the strength from the heart A Syncope from which a man is not recovered by Rose Water thrown in his face and Wine given to drink with sneezing-pouder put into the Nose is deadly When one is raised from a Syncope health is not to be promised for if his Pulse return not but his colour be wan and he still be cold he wil quickly Relapse in which is danger That Syncope which comes from immoderate Evacuations fear sorrow or some evident Cause is of less danger than that which comes from an internal Cause As for the Cure because it comes from divers Causes it must be various But of what Cause soever it come in the time of the Fit these are good Lying upon the back throwing of cold Water in the face provoking to neez putting of strong Wine Cinnamon or imperial Water Aqua vitae Coelestis and the like into the mouth holding of hot bread to the Nose loud calling and shaking stopping of the Nostrils wringing of the Fingers pulling of the Hair rubbing binding and cupping But in respect of the Causes which are divers you must vary the Cure thus If it come from want of meat he wil be Cured with strong Wine and a Toast or Sop Also with nourishing broths and Restoring distilled Waters among other things a dish of Eggs with sugar Wine and Cinnamon described in the following Chapter If it come from thinness of the Humors by which the spirits do easily flie away give him sweet things and meats of good juyce and thickning let the pores of the skin be stopt with Oyl of Roses and let the Patient stay in a cold place If it come from the Mother you must give Medicines for that If it come from some evil quality give Cordials and Antidotes such as are prescribed in malignant Feavers If from poyson give things to expel it First a Vomit and then Treacle and then if he feel burning or gnawing in the Guts let him take Milk of Butter or fat Broth or cooling Cordial Potions If it come of immoderate Evacuation let the Patient be refreshed with Scents Meat Drink sleep and rest If from too great loss of Blood lay him upon his bed with his Head backwards dash his face with cold Water give him a little Wine with cold Water If it come of too much Purging give him new Treacle or old if you cannot get new with two grains of Opium dissolved in Wine or three grains of Laudanum which is better And let the Belly be anointed all over with this following Oyl Take of Oyl of Myrtles and Quinces of each one ounce and an half Oyl of Wormwood one ounce With a little Rose Vinegar mix them and anoint often Give a Clyster of steeled Milk with three Yolks of Eggs and two drams of Philonium Romanum Use Frictions of the Arms and upper parts give him a Sop in Wine or Wine alone And lastly Every Evacuation whether it be of Blood from the Nose or Womb or other parts or of Humors by Vomit or Stool must be stopped with their proper Medicines prescribed in their several Chapters That Syncope which comes from too much Sweat is cured by Medicines that restrain Sweat as with Cold or Rose Water alone or with a little Vinegar sprinkled upon the Face and Hands Also let the Air be cooled with the same Water and with Fanning Apply cold Epithems to the Heart made of Rose Sorrel and Borrage Water with Pouder of Diamargariton frigid with a little Wine to make it pierce You must also give often cooling Juleps made of Syrup of Sorrel Violets and Apples or Lemmons with cooling Waters and Lapis Prunellae Let the Pores be closed with anointing the Skin with Oyl of Roses Myrtles and Mastich Let him abstain from Wine Let him not be rubbed bâ—t let him move often gently being lightly covered Let his bed be perfumed with this Pouder following Take of the flowers of Water-lillies red Roses of each three ounces the best Labdanum half an ounce Storax two drams Myrtles and grains of Sumach of each two ounces Make a Pouder If it come from suffocation of the Spirits you must call them forth by Frictions Ligatures Cupping-glasses and the like And if this Suffocation came of Repletion you must bleed plentifully but by degrees If it comes from terror and fear you must also bleed lest it cause an Obstruction or Inflamation Chap. 2. Of the Palpitation or Breathing of the Heart AS in a Synoope the motion of the Heart is diminished so in this Disease it is depraved It iâ— wrongly stiled by some a trembling of the Heart when trembling is a passion of the Animal and voluntary motion and is not proper to any parts but such as have voluntary motion Galen in his Book of Trembling Palpitation and Convulsion saith That Palpitation comes only from the Disease that is from the Cause which lifteth up and depresseth the part without any help of the Faculty but Trembling comes partly from the Faculty partly from the Disease Hence it is that many using the word Palpitation indifferently to any part think it is in the Heart as in the Skin and Muscles in which it comes from wind driven violently thither for if the Heart be moved as a Bladder by water or wind they suppose that to be a Palpitation But the reason is different for the Skin and Muscles cannot naturally dilate and contract themselves but by
the native heat is spent which Galen cals Naâ—cosis or Stupefaction as by long bleeding feavers and the like by which the strength of the stomach and other Parts is consumed Evil also and corrupt Humors whether hot or cold do cause want of Appetite The hot are chollerick adust putrid or virulent whether they are bred in the stomach for want of Concoction or brought from other infirm Parts The Cold Humors are Flegmy and Slimy gathered in the stomach by evil Concoction or coming from the whol body as in them who by often Vomitings bring the corruption of other Parts into the stomach Or from the Brain by Catarrhs in which the stomalch useth to be troubled with Flegm The suppression of the Terms and Haemorrhoids also by choaking and smoothering the natural heat do also diminish the Appetite Moreover The distemper of the Brain and Nerves Cause that the Sucking is not flet in the stomach in them who have lost or depraved the Animal Faculty therefore they are â—ick in mind as in an Apoplexy Lethargy Phrenzy Madness and the like as also in a Palsie by reason of the Obstruction of the Nerve of the sixth Conjugation which comes to the Stomach or by reason of the stupefaction thereof by the use of cold and narcotick things The knowledg of this Disease is manifest for the Patient will complain of his want of appetite and loathing of Meat But the signs of the Causes are partly manifest and partly to be discovered by art And first they which cause the want of emptiness are known by former high feeding repletion want of exercise or evacuation long sleep and other Causes of crude Juyces as also if the body be full and the Veins swoln Also the thickness of the Skin signifieth the same for that hinders the dispersing of the nourishment as also some great disease in some particular part by which there is 〈◊〉 dispersing of the Natural heat in the whol Body so that it is so weak that it cannot concoct the nourishment brought to the parts and supply its wants The signs of the second Cause are manifest namely acute malignant pestilential and syntectickâ— Feavers strong evacuations and other Causes by which there is a great decay of Natural heat in the parts so that they cannot attract necessary nourishment The signs of the third Cause are obstructions whose signs are known in the diseases of the Liver Spleen and Mesentery The signs of the fourth and fifth Cause need a more curious search and first heat in the Praecordia especially in the Stomach thirst dryness and bitterness of the Tongue and Jaws and a Feaver do signifie a hot distemper of the stomach and abundance of Choller And if this hot humor do flow from other parts the disease of that part will shew it as inflamation of the Liver or other part But if no other part seem to suffer you must conjecture that the fault is in the Stomach or that evil meats have been received To these are joyned Cardialgia Heart-scalding Nausea or loathing Vomiting and Purging the Nature of which humors are known by what is sent forth A cold distemper and much flegm is known by cooling Causes afore going or such as disperse the Natural heat and extinguish it as also from the sence of weight in the Stomach from sharp belching or from a slimy thick humor sent out of the mouth or by stool The same is signified by a long Catarrh and a disease in some part which may send flegm or melancholly to the Stomach as of the Spleen Womb or the like Also the distempers of the Brain and Nerves are to be known by their proper signs As to the Prognostick As a good Appetite is good in all Diseases as Hipp. Aph. 33. Sect. 2. saies To be right in mind and to be willing to take that which is brought is good so want of Appetite useth to be an evil sign For it sgnifieth a great digression from the Natural state and it comes as Galen teacheth Com. in 3. Epid. either from evil Humors in the Mouth of the Stomach oâ— from the loss of the Faculty whose duty it was to be sensible of the want of nourishment and consequently to desire it So Hipp. in 1 Epid. saith concerning men in Consumptions that died in the time of an Epidemical disease they alwaies abhorred meat and drink And so Galen Comment in 3. Epid. saith that he hath seen many in a Plague time which could take no sustenance and died But some who were stronger and took courage and did eat recovered So in Hipp. 3. Epid. Sect. 1. Aegr 2. Hermocrates who died the twenty seventh day abhorred meat all the time and in the last daies could not tast And Sect. 2. of the same Book Aegr 6. Euryanactis her daughter abhorred meat all the while and drank nothing worth speaking of died about twelve daies after But we must observe that loathing of meat is sad if it come from the destruction of the Natural heat but it is not so dangerous if it come from abundance of evil humors and Cacochymia as you may see in Hipp. 7. Epid. by the Son of Cleomenis who without a Feaver abhorred meat for two months through abundance of crude and viscid flegm which he at last vomited up So in the beginning of Diseases and especially of Feavers want of Appetite is not so dangerous because then Nature being busie about the concocting of filthy humors is called from her usual desire of meat But after when the Feaver is appeased and the humors that caused the Disease being spent she returns to her old custom In Children want of Appetite is worse than in others because their substance is moist and easily dissipated and requires more use of nourishment to restore them In men recovered of a Disease loathing threateneth a relapse by reason the reliques of the Disease cause it In a continual Disease loathing and sincere dejections are evil Hipp. Aph. 6. Sect. 7. loathing is an evil sign in long diseases but they who are like to escape have the contrary that is a good appetite But sincere dejections coming do cause a worse Prognostick because Hippocrates understands by sincere dejections such as have no humidity mixed with them when the humor alone without any Water is cast forth whether Choller or Melancholly for these stools do shew that all the Natural humidity is burnt up by the heat of the Feaver In long Diseases of the Guts loathing of meat is evil and with a Feaver worse Hipp. Aph. 3 Sect. 6. when there are deep and putrid Ulcers in a dysentery the Stomach suffering with the Guts â—oth not well concoct which offence arising higher affects the mouth of the Stomach with loathing There are some in Dysenteries who abhor meat from the beginning of the Disease by reason of the wil humors which come from the Liver for the superfluous part of them comes to the mouth of the Stomach which is not alwaies dangerous But in
Tunicles thereof For if it be in the Cavity it is easily cast forth and there is stretching in the Stomach and trouble after Meat which will not cease till the Humors are sent out by vomit which are for the most part thrown out alone and the Meat retained But if the Humors stick to the Tunicles vomiting is chiefly after Meat and the Meat is cast forth without the Humors but when there is no Meat there is a loathing and that which is cast forth is thick and slimy and with great straining The external Causes are known by relation of the Patient as if he hath eat or drunk too much or received a stroak or eat any evil thing The signs of Vomiting to come are shewed by Galen lib. 3. de cris cap. ult as Headach dark giddiness trembling of the lower Lip gnawing at the mouth of the Stomach often and much spitting You must make the Prognostick thus Vomiting from Choller and Flegm which is neither very thick nor very much and which hath both those Humors exquisitely mingled is good For it is commendable in substance quantity and quality For of all excrementitious Humors Flegm and Choller are the mildest if then they be vomited well mixed and in a moderate quantity and consistence it hath all the laudable conditions Chollerick and Flegmatick Vomitings on a critical day are very good For not only mixed are good but vomiting of one single if it cause the Disease So in Chollerick Feavers when Choller comes forth critically or Flegm in Flegmatick Feavers the Disease is at an end or at least there is great hopes of recovery A Vomiting naturally after a long flux of the Belly cures the disease Aph. 15. Sect. 6. for there is a revulsion of the Matter to the contrary part And this shews that Nature is refreshed and gets strength For as the Physitian ought to labor for the retraction of those things that flow to any part So Nature when she begins to prevail makes a repulsion of the Humor which flows to the part affected that the part may be refreshed and strengthened Little and violent vomiting in a sharp Feaver is evil for it is not good to void sparingly in a Crisis for it signifieth one of these two things Either abundance of Matter which Nature cannot bear but must send some of it forth or the weakness of Nature which striveth in vain to send forâ—h that which is superfluous Vomitings of divers colors are evil it signisieth divers Humors lurking in the Body and therefore Nature will be more put to it with divers enemies for if it be troublesom to Nature to contend with divers Nourishments how much more dangerous is it to strive to concoct and tame divers preternatural Humors especially in acute Diseases in which there is but short time to fight which should be long that there might be more hope of Nature being a Conqueror Green Vomiting like Leeks Verdugreese as also blew black or stinking is deadly For it signifieth that there is abundance of Choller of those colors And all these kinds of Choller use to produce malignant and deadly diseases And if there be a stink it shews a great corruption of Humors with which Nature cannot long consist In acute Feavers Vomiting without mixture of Humors is evil according to Hipp. 1. Porrhet For a pure Humor is not only crude but incapable of Concoction because it excludeth not only the act but the power of Concoction Hippocrates calls every humor that is without mixture and every Excrement that is hot and crude Acriton because it is bred either by the defect of some part or by reason the watery serous matter is exhausted by the heat of a Feaver Therefore in sharp Feavers it shews that there is a great inward inflamation and for the most part such as Nature cannot conquer As for the Cure If Vomiting come from a disease in some other part it needs no other Medicines than those which are agreeable to the disease from whence it comes But if it come from Chollerick Flegmatick or Melanchollick Humors which stimulate and provoke the Stomach either by their quantity or quality you must throw out those Humors by Vomitive Medicines But if they be thick and glutinous or clammy they are to be cut and clensed as we shewed in the Cure of want of Appetite The best Vomit in this case is that which is indifferent gentle and not too weak as warm Oyl nor must you give strong ones made of Antimony which draw violently from remote parts But such as do clense and dissolve the glutinous Humors as Gylla Theophrasti or white Vitriol preparâ—d but Salt of Vitriol brought to a high redness by Calcination is the stronger If Vomits are unpleasant you must take away the Matter with often Clysters and gentle Purgations with Rhubarb in them which astringeth and strengtheneth afterwards In Chollerick Vomitings these Pills following may be prescribed Take of Aloes washed with Rose Water three drams the pouder of Rhubarb sprinkled with Borrage Water one dram Mastich red Sanders and Coral prepared of each one scruple With Syrup of Roses Solutive make a Mass of Pills of which take half a dram or a dram every other day till the Vomiting be ceased Or Take of Rhubarb poudered one dram yellow Myrobalans one scruple Spodium or burnt Ivory and Harts-born shaved of each six grains Make a pouder and give it twice in a week in a â—â—ttle Broth. Or make a Bolus of Hiera Picra or three drams of Diacatholicon with one dram of poudered Rhubarb In a most violent Vomiting give three grains of Laudanum with two scruples and an half of Cochie Pills the less the Vomit will be stayed and five hours after they will work downwards There iâ— a good quantity of the purgung Pills in this Receipt because Laudanum doth astringe and therefore it must be given with Medicines made of Diagridium and Coloquintida And if the Medicine do not come away you must give a sharp Clyster After suâ—fâ—câ—ent purging you must strengthen the Stomach with Syrup of Quinces sowr Pomegrantes old Conserve of Roses or Comfry Roots Conserve of Quinces or this following Julep if it be very Chollerick and vehement Take of the juyce of sowr Pomegranats six ounces the juyce of â—linâ—s clarified two ounceâ— Sorrel Water one pint white Sugar half a pound make a â—ulep in which white it is clarifying boyl gently in a clout of yellow Saunders red Roses and Spodium of each one dram Let him take four ounces first and last Take of Terra Sigillata or sealed Earth Bole Armonick red Coral prepared Pearl Purslain and Sorrel seed of each one dram shavings of Harts-born and of dried Mints of 〈◊〉 one scruple red Roses half a pugil Make a Pouder to be taken in Bâ—oth or the like or in a spoonful of Chalybiate Water Or Make Tablets thereof with Sugar dissolved in Plantane Water or an Opiate with Syrup of Quinces Conserve of Roses or Comfry Roots Some
it comes from a windy spirit going from the Stomach and Guts and griping those parts through which it passeth These Winds are produced either from the fiery heat of the Stomach corrupting the meat and making it stinck or from windy rank meats and Onyons Radishes and the like Sennertus addeth another Cause borrowed from the Hermetical Doctrine namely Salt Humors and Adust in the Hypochondria which grow hot by the mixture of another humor For saith he as Salts and the Spirits of Salts mixed with sharp Spirits make abundance of flatuous Spirits as appears by the mixing of Oyl of Vitriol and Aqua fortis with Salt of Tartar So doth it fal out in mans Body by the Commixtion of a Salt and Adust Humor with other Spirits there are many windy Spirits produced The immediate Cause of this Disease is a Chollerick Burnt Sharp Salt or rotten Humor in the Stomach Guts Spleen Mesentery or Prancreas or some nourishment of evil quality some strong deadly Medicine or poyson taken Hipp. 7. Epid. Text. 90. doth reckon up almost all the Causes of those evil Humors in these words Chollerick Evacuations upwards and downwards come from eating too much flesh especially Swines flesh not roasted Also for meats not formerly used from drunkenness with old Wine and sweet from Pine Kernels Locusts rotten Nuts and from the use of Garlick Leeks Onions especially from boyled Lettice Coleworts and the like crude things also from Tarts and sweet meats Honey meats Fruits soon perishing especially from Cucumers Pompions and these Evacuations happen most in Summer for then they are easily corrupt and are indigested It is worth the observation from whence so many Chollerick Humors should come which in this Disease are sent forth by Vomit and Stool It is usually answered that they come from the Mesentery and the places adjacent and somtimes from the whol Body which though it be probable yet we may say That Humors corrupted in the Stomach and parts neer therto do infect other Humors with their Malignity and that Nature is constrained to send to the Stomach and Guts as venemous Medicines Antimony Coloquintida Elaterium and the like by corrupting of the good Humors do make an Hypercarthasis or over-purging The signs of this Disease are an often and plentiful sending forth of Chollerick sharp and other corrupt Humors by vomiting and stool a gnawing of the Stomach and Guts a swelling with wind pains thirst with much heat and disturbance great Nauseousness and loathing which is somwhat appeased with cold drink but presently is cast forth with hot The Pulse is somtimes smal and unequal somtimes with great sweating and Convulsion of the Thighs and Arms swooning coldness of the extream parts and other grievous Symptoms The Causes of this Disease are easily known And first the external are known by relation of the Patient and those that stand by If he have taken too much or food of an evil quality or poyson or some violent Medicine The internal Causes are known by the quality of those Humors which are sent forth We conjecture that it comes from the fault of the Stomach if other parts are not distempered and when there is a continual loathing gnawing and pain of the Stomach the matter is sent forth green but if it be bred in the Veins there is commonly a Malignant Feaver adjoyned You must make your Prognosticks thus If it be very violent it brings commonly sudden death If it come from some evil Food it is less dangerous for when that is sent forth the Disease ceaseth By how much the greater the Symptomes are as Swooning Convulsion and coldness of the extream parts by so much neerer at hand is death Hippocrates in Coac sheweth that this is somtimes Critical to Feavers called Lipyriae which can no other waies be cured as he saith but by a great casting forth of Choller both upwards and downwards and these Crises or Judgments happen seldom and ought to be suspected because they have not the conditions of a good and Health bringing Crisis If vomiting begin to cease and the wan and deadly color of the Face to be restored there is hope of Health In the Cure of this Disease in the beginning thereof some evacuation may be allowed while the evil and corrupt Humors do flow forth And you must help it forward with drinking warm Water with Syrup of Vinegar or with a great deal of thin Chicken Broth which if it provoke not Vomit will allay the sharpness of the Humors Or you may evacuate them with Rhubarb brought into a Pill with Syrup of Wormwood and with clensing Clysters Also fat mollifying Clysters are to be given made of Milk Oyl of Roses fresh Butter washed with Rose Water or made of Chicken Broth or Veal Broth with Yolks of Eggs with which as the disease shall require you may mix Narcoticks Also Clysters of Oxycrate are good or made of the Decoction of Lettice Plantane with a little Vinegar Syrup of Water-lillies and Yolks of Eggs. Also you must qualisie the Humors sharpness with internal Medicines as with the Decoction of Purslane and Plantane with Syrup of Quinces and dried Roses with Lapis Prunellae if there be heat and thirst And you must stop Vomiting with those things both internal and external which were prescribed in the Cure of Chollerick Vomiting Chap. 7. Among which the Narcoticks are best and especially new Treacle which given in the quantity of a dram doth presently stop those violent Evacuations Laudanum doth the same if you give four grains thereof If there be great weakness as often happeneth it is not safe to give the whol dose of Laudanum but it is better to give one or two grains and to give it once or twice in a day as necessity urgeth for so the force of the Humors will be restrained and Nature will have time to tame and concoct hem After vomiting and purging are stayed by the Medicines aforesaid the strength is restored by Cordial means the Patient seemeth to be past danger which doth not only somtimes deceive the standers by but also the Physitians themselves for after a day or two of rest and intermission the symptomes return more strong and violent and destroy the Patient who was made weak by their former encounter which danger you must prevent not only with Restauratives and things that take away the heat of the Humors as before mentioned which must be continued after they are appeased but especicially with Blood-letting which doth revel the burnt and boyling blood and greatly asswage it and you must do it twice or thrice if the strength be not impaired by the first but rather seem to be refreshed Some Practitioners adventure in the time of the fit when the strength is decayed adventure to open a Vein because they say the strength is oppressed But it cannot then be done without danger and somtimes the Patient presently after dieth to their shame For though we acknowledg that there is an oppression of the strength
That is most deadly in which first there is chollerick then flegmatick and after stinking vomiting and Galen 6. de loc aff cap. 2. saith none of these escape but Experience teacheth that some do as when the disease comes from retention of the faeces or Hernia Intestinalis or Rupture in the Guts They who have this Disease with the Strangury die within seven daies except a Feaver coming the Urine be more plentifully voided Hipp. Aph. 44. Sect. 6. if the Strangury come of thick and and flegmatick Humors which are plentiful in the Veins and Guts a Feaver coming thereupon they may be concocted melted and attenuated and pissed forth by which means the Ileos is cured Although Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith that he is ignorant of what Hippocrates saith here and that it cannot be confirmed by Reason and Experience If Symptomes be remitted and either Medicines or meat taken at the Mouth pass through there is hope of recovery The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the difference of the Causes And first if the obstruction comes from the Faeces indurate or from gross and slimy flegm you must use Emollient and Laxative Medicines both internally and externally First then give Clysters of the Decoction of Althaea Mallows Violets Chamomel and Melilot with Lin-seed and Foenugreek seed or of common Oyl to a pint in which you may dissolve the third part of Butter or of the Broth of a Sheeps Paunch in which dissolve Butter Honey and Sal gem To which Decoction if there be wind as commonly there is it is good to put Carminatives and Discussers After the Matter is somwhat mollified with these Clysters you must give first some gentle Purges then stronger and last the strongest In the mean while you must apply Fomentations and Liniments that are Emollient to the whol Belly and continue them long The Paunch of a Gelding warmed in hot Water applied to the Belly is good but mollifying Baths are better especially if they be made of Air only Also you may give inwardly the Oyl of sweet Almonds either alone with white Wine To which if the pain be great you may ad the Syrup of Poppies as was shewed in the Cure of the Chollick And lastly If there be vehement pain and much flatus you may give those other Medicines which are prescribed in the Cure of the Chollick not omitting Purges which being opportunely given take away the Cause That which comes from Inflaruation of the Intestines is to be cured by often Blood-letting if strength permit both in the Arm and Foot and by applying of Cupping-glasses with Scarrification to the Groins Also Emollient Clysters and cooling are to be given made thus Take of Althaea Roots two ounces Mallows and Violets of each one handful Guord seeds half an ounce Line and Fleabane seeds of each two drams Water Lillies and Roses of each one pugil Chamomel Flowers half a pugil make a Decoction in a pint whereof dissolve two ounces of Oyl of Roses Cassia one ounce make a Clyster and in progress of time ad Oyl of Violets and Chamomel The aforesaid Emollients must be boyled in Oxycrate Or give new Milk with a little Sugar and the white of an Egg or the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds one ounce to asswage pain Or you may make a Clyster of Oyl of sweet Almonds Barley Cream strained from the Decoction of it adding a little fresh Butter and Sugar A Clyster may be made of simple Oxycrate and be every day given which is excellent against the Inflamation of the Guts Anoint with Oyl of Violets sweet Almonds and Chamomel with Mucilage of Linseed Faenugreek seed and Quinces with Axungia of Hens and Ducks and sweet Butter Also make a Fomentation of the Decoction of those Simples which were prescribed for a Clyster Also Foment in the beginning with Oxycrate and after let the Simples aforesaid be boyled in Oxycrate And make a Catataplasm of the residence of those things in the Decoction with Barley Meal Foenugreek Lin-seed and Butter with Axungia's and Oyls aforesaid Also a Bath of warm Water in which cold and Emollient things have been boyled is most convenient After bleeding give two ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds to appease pain and if it be very great use Narcoticks If there be no vomiting you must provoke it with a draught of warm Water with Oyl of Violets for so the upper parts will be purged and the Humors will be revelled from the part affected In the whol time of Cure you must give Juleps and Emulsions prescribed in the Inflamation of the Stomach Let his Drink be Barley Water and in the beginning let him abstain from all Nourishment for twenty four hours that some of the Matter may be consumed then give him Chicken Broth. This Disease is to be attended with diligence for it is for the most part deadly The chief business in the Cure is by abstinency and this is taken from the example of those that are wounded in the Guts for they are almost famished for forty daies Therfore let men in this disease for four or five daies take only three spoonfuls of Broth every day that vomit may be hindered which doth encrease the Disease Moreover Food bringeth no comfort to the sick for it turneth not to nourishment but is plainly corrupted and the Chyle which goes from the Stomach into the Guts is mingled with the excrements retained and encreaseth vomiting He may drink more freely because it goes more easily to the Liver and it may be fit to oppose the Disease if it be well tempered Oxycrate and in a smal quantity Lastly It comes somtimes but seldom from the circumvolution of the Intestines and this is either from Wind which tottureth them or from a Hernia called Interocele or Rupture That which comes from Wind is cured by the same Medicines which Cure the flatulent Chollick But if after long use of these Medicines the belly will not be opened but all things taken are vomited up that there is little hope of health the last Remedy must be used which Hippocrates propounds 3. de morbis namely That a pair of Smiths Bellows be applied to the Anus and that they blow into his Belly Then give an Emollient Clyster with Troches of Alhandal to bring out the faeces This is good not only against the Ileos from contorsion of the Intestines but in that which comes from a grievous obstruction for by dilating the Guts it takes away the obstruction Amatus Lusitanus Curat ult Cent. 1. testifieth that he cured one desperate by this means as also Epiphanius Ferdinandus in his Physical Histories Hist 74. reports that the son of John Altimar of Naples a most expert Physitian was ready to die of this Disease and taken as it were from the Graves mouth by this means But Aurelian disalloweth it because the wind coming from the Bellows may much hurt with its cold But this may be avoided if the Bellows be
filled with wind by the fire Paraeus also propounds another unusual Medicine by which he boasteth that he cured many at deaths door namely by drinking three pound of Quick-silver in Water alone for with its weight it doth untie the Gut and open and sends down the hard excrements which Remedy is commended by others who say that it may be taken without harm But we may wel fear so great a quantity lest it extinguish the Native heat with its coldness and coagulate the Blood in the Veins therefore in a desperate case it is better to give a less quantity Some give two ounces in a rear Egg and think good to repeat it if the first Dose do not succeed well but you may see in our Observations that one ounce hath done well But when the Illiack Passion comes from the Guts falling into the Cods all the care is to place them right which must be done by the gentle hand of a Chirurgion long fomenting the part affected first with an Emollient Decoction and Relaxing Oyls giving often Emollient and Carminative Glysters so placing the Patient that his Head be low and his Thighs high for some having been hung by the Heels were quickly cured If the Hernia comes with Inflamation of the Intestine it is cured with a fomentation of cold water If wind stretch the Gut discuss with a Fomentation of Spirit of Wine See the examples of both Cures in our Observations Chap. 3. Of Astriction or binding of the Belly BY Astriction of the Belly we do not understand all kind of supression by which nothing is â—et forth downwards as in the Ileos But only a dull and slow dejection by which the faeces and reliques of Meat are seldom and not according to the quantity of Food thrown forth therefore they are necessarily indurated because of their long continuance being dried with heat and some moisture is alwaies drawn from them by the Meseraick which reach not only to the thin but thick Guts It is a Symptome of the Expulsive faculty diminished or the retentive encreased and it is the cause of many diseases therfore the Excreta and Retenta are reckoned among the six things not Natural which not keeping the Law of Nature produce divers Diseases so it being bound sends vapors to the Head and produceth Catarrhs and other Diseases of the Brain disturbs the Concoction of the Stomach and the actions of other parts The Causes of this Symptome are many And first hardness of the faeces and driness are not only Effects but also Causes of them because being hard they are more difficult to be voided and do less provoke the expulsive Faculty They become dryer and harder chiefly and oftenest from the excessive heat of the Liver which powerfully draws away all the moisture contained in the Intestines and leaves the faeces dry This is also caused by violent motion especially riding also by few Excrements through want of food or because they have no actimony to prick the Intestines as it happens in cold Meats and when the Choller doth not go to the Guts as we observe in the Jaundice And lastly Many diseases of the Guts may cause this constriction as a cold and dry Distemper Tumors Obstructions Numbness of the Anus and Palsey and many others The Signs depend upon the knowledg of the Causes which must be taken from their proper Fountains The hot distemper of the Liver is to be taken out of its proper Chapter Also Tumors and other Diseases of the Guts have their proper Diagnosis or signs and so the external Causes as little Meat or coldness thereof riding and the like are known by relation of the Patient As for the Prognostick The Constriction of the Belly is more or less dangerous according as the Cause is greater oâ—less For if it come of Inflamation or other Tumor of the Intestines it is very dangerous but from other Causes less It useth to be contumacious and long when it comes from the faeces indurate and thence come often Chollicks which return after they have been cured by reason of the new dryness of the faeces as also because though the Belly seems to have been made sufficiently soluble by purging and many liquid Excrements are discharged yet there remains somtimes many hard Excrements in the Guts which breed new pains and cannot be taken out but by many Clysters given after Purging The Cure of this Disease depends upon taking away the Causes which are to be taken from their proper Chapters But because it is commonly long especially when it depends upon a hot distemper of the Liver and dryness of the Guts and in the mean time the Belly bound brings many inconveniences We will speak of its Cure by its self which is generally done by Emollients and Laxatives made thus Take of Althaea or Marsh-mallow and Lilly Roots of each two ounces Mallows Marsh-mallows Mercury Violets and Brank Vrsine of each one handful Lin-seed and Foenugreek of each half an ounce Annis seed one dram and an half sweet Prunes three pair Chamomel and Meltlot flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Oyl of Lillies and Lin-seed of each two ounces fresh Butter one ounce and an half Diacatholicon and Diaprunis simple of each six drams Make a Clyster to be given as often as need requireth Somtimes instead of this use the following Take of the Decoâ—tion of Sheeps entrals one pint fresh Butter two ounces Cassia Diacatholicon and Diaprunis simple of each half an ounce red Sugar one ounce Make a Clyster Also twice in a month or thrice you may give one pint of common Oyl alone for a Clyster And because Nature will grow dull by too much use of Clysters and at length will never officiate that way but when she is provoked by one you must endeavor to mollifie the Belly with other means For this end sweet Prunes and roasted Apples with Sugar may be taken one hour before dinner as Galen sheweth 2. defacult alim cap. 31. For if they be taken immediately before dinner they will not work Or take Chicken Broth or other Broth in which have been bovled beets Borrage and some Apples or one spoonful of Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn without fire with as much Syrup of Maiden-hair or two spoonfuls of this Syrup following Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds and of Quinces drawn with Mallows Water one pound and an half white Sugar one pound Make a Syrup according to art That the Prunes may work better let him drink half a glass of Vinum Lymphatum or Wine and Water before and after he taketh them fresh Butter taken an hour before Dinner the bigness of a great â—ut and drink Wine and Water will do the same thing Once in a week let him use one of these following Medicines Take of Cassia new drawn one ounce Cream of Tartar one dram Make a Bolus Take of 〈◊〉 one ounce or an ounce and an half Mix
turns to a stick and therefore must be dried in the shade poudered in the Spring He saith That there is no more excellent Pouder to stanch Blood and Dysenteries than this Also Encelius Bauhinus and Skenkius mention the same In every Flux of putrid Humors let the Guts be strengthened with bread twice baked first boyled in Vinegar and then dried after it is twice or thrice thus prepared pouder it and thicken Broth therewith Also there are many Pouders for this As Take of Snake-weea and Tormentil Roots of each one dram Red Coral and Pearl prepared of each half a dram make a Pouder to be taken one dram at a time in Broth or the like You may make it more Astringent with Red Roses Myrtles Pomegranat Flowers Harts-born burnt or Ivory burnt or Troches of Spodium Or for more Binding with Sanguis Draconis Acacia Galls Bole Armenick sealed Earth Blood-stone And if you desire to glutinate also ad Fleabane-seeds Starch and Gum Tragacanth The Eastern Bole given one dram in Broth doth cure the Dysentery if sufficient Purging went before Or Take Pouder of Tragacanth one dram Nutmegs Coral prepared of each half a dram mix them and let it be given at twice or thrice with a rear Egg or Broth. Or Take of Gum Arabick one dram Coral and Bole prepared of each half a dram mix and use it as the former Or Take of burnt Harts-born Bole armonick both Corals all the Saunders and Mastich of each half a dram Frankinsence and Tragacanth of each half a scruple mix them for a pouder of which take half a dram often Forestus doth highly Commend the following Pouder Take of Citrin Myrobalans and Rhubarb a little parched of each scruple make a Pouder for one Dose Hercules Saxonia saith That al new Dysenteries are presently and surely Cured by this Pouder Take of Cuttle-bone burnt two drams spunge dipt in Pitch and burnt in a Pot and of Egg-shels the inward skins taken away of each one dram make a Pouder the Dose is one dram in a convenient Liquor The Pouder of Elder-Berries is by Experience approved it is prescribed by Quercetanus in his Dispensatory and there you may see the use of it You may give Opiates made after this manner Take of conserve of old Roses and Quinces of each one ounce conserve of Comfry Roots half an ounce Coral prepared one dram and an half Crocus Martis Bole Armonick sealed Earth and Plantane seeds of each one dram Spodium two scruples with syrup of dried Roses or Myrtles make an Opiate of which give the bigness of a Chessnut twice or thrice in a day Or with an equal weight of Sugar you may make a Compound to be used often Mycleta Nicolai is good for the same Crato wisely admonisheth That before the seventh day before the Ulcers of the Guts are wel clensed you give no astringents at the mouth nor externally but after the seventh day you may begin with gentle astringents Montanus doth wholly forbid them and useth only Clensers Asswagers of pain and thickners But when the matter of the Disease is wel evacuated the weakness of the retentive Faculty by which the Flux is nourished may be wel taken away with astringents Therefore it wil be profitable after sufficient Purging to give for many days Bole Terra Lemnia pouder of Elder-berries or other astringents and dryers with Sugar till the patient be wel but if too much binding seem to hurt you must purge again then bind and after purge and you must observe that those Earths do avail too wayes namely by Binding and by Opposing the evil quality which is in the Disease And the Obstruction which is feared by their use is taken away by Sugar mixed with them To allay Pain and healthe the Ulcer this Electuary is best Take of the mucilage of Quince-seeds Comfry Roots and Gum Tragacanth all extracted with Rose Water of each one ounce Starch one dram Red Coral two drams Bole Armonick prepared one dram Pomegranate Flowers half a dram Rob or conserve of Services or Quinces two ounces Sugar of Roses one ounce make it like an Electuary the Dose is two dram Narcoticks or things that bring rest given at the mouth do wonders for they take away pain stop the Flux provoke sleep and refresh the strength but they are better when they are mixed with Astringents and Strengthners As Take of old conserve of Roses two drams Laudarum three grains Confectio Alkermes half a scruple make a Bolus In a Malignant and Epidemical or Common Dysentery Medicines of Bezoar and Sudorifick or Sweating Medicines are powerful for it is observed that by these Remedies that the matter hath been discharged and the Dysentery cured Therefore observe at first the nature of the Humor for if it be Malignant as in a Common Epidemical Disease it is you shal in vain try other Medicines except at the same time and in the beginning you give Antidotes or Cordials Here you may use al things proper to a Malignant Feaver And besides those things that provoke Sweat as Bezoar and Aqua Theriacalis or Treacle water Harts-horn sealed Earth Bole Armonick Unicorns-horn Coral Amber Scordium St. Johns-wort Plantane Tormentil Burnet and many others are very good Outwardly to the whol Belly apply Oyl of Quinces and Roses or if you wil have it more astringent Oyl of unripe Olives or put the third part of Vinegar to them and boyl them to the Consumption of the Vinegar If the Stomach be Affected also adde Oyl of Mastich and Wormwood After Anointing Sprinkle the part with some Astringent pouder made of Myrtles Pomegranate peels Galls Cypress Nuts Acron Cups Red Roses Pomegranate flowers Frankinsence and Mastich to which for the more binding ad Bole Armenick and Terra Sigillata or Sealed Earth Of the same Pouders without the Oyls you may make an Ointment for the same Use with a little Wax Or You may use Unguentum Comitissae alone or with other Oyntments The Cataplasm prescribed before for Diarrhoea and this following if you will Bind strongly may be used Take of Bole six drams Frankinsence six ounces Sanguis Draconis Mastich and Mummy of each two drams make a Pouder which you may apply to the Belly beneath the Navel if you mix it with Vinegar and the white of an Egg and lay it upon a Cloth Or Take three ounces of Spiders Webs and one white of an Egg well beaten fry them in a pan and apply them hot to the Navil A Cataplasm of Treacle and sealed Earth to the Belly is good in an Epidemical or contagious Dysentery This following Cataplasm to strengthen the Liver is much commended of Solenander in every flux both of the Liver called Hepaticus and in a Dysentery and old Diarrhoea Nor must you fear Astringents saith he because they are tempered with things to strengthen the Liver Take of Liver-wort and Schaenanth of each one handful Indian Spike half a pugil Mastich and Mace of each half an ounce Lignum Aloes
three drams Myrobalans Chebs and Emblicks parched of each one ounce Bole sealed Earth and Blood-stone of each six drams Coriander seeds prepared one ounce and an haly Spodium or burnt Ivory two drams Roses one ounce the Species of three Sanders without Camphire half an ounce Rust of Iron prepared one ounce Barley flower two ounces Oyl of Mastich and Myrtles of each as much as is sufficient make an Emplaister to cover the whol Belly from the Cartilage called Ensiformis or Xiphoides to the Os Pectinis or the Bone at the bottom of the Belly You may also make a Fomentation for the whol Belly of a Decoction of astringent things made in Iron Water with a little red Wine and Vinegar Or Take of red Roses two handfuls Wormwood and Mints of each one handful Nutmeg and Cypress Roots Mastich and Galangal of each one dram With a linnen cloth make a bag as big as the belly which being warmed in red Wine or Vinegar may be laid upon the belly Or Take of Wormwood Mints Plantane Oak Leaves and tops of Brambles Horstail and Knot-grass of each one handful Chamomel flowers two pugils red Roses half a handful Myrtles one dram Seeds of Sumach Plantane and Coriander of each six drams Nutmegs three make a Decoction in steeled Water and red Wine for to foment the Belly Rulandus doth apply a bag of Bran boyled in Vinegar If the pain be great apply a linnen cloth wet in steeled Milk that is warm But if Fomentations wil not Cure you may use Waters to sit in called Insessus These are commended by Matthew de Gradi Savanarola and Jachinus who saith that they are a great secret for the Cure of Children for by their actual heat they do drive the Humors somwhat towards the Skin and by their aâ—â—ringent quality stop the flux But you must not use them if the Body be very full of evil Humors or if the Dysentery be malignant and joyned with a Feaver They are made of Oak buds green Cypress Berries green Pine-nuts or Leaves Barks and other such like boyled in Water of the aforesaid Decoctions for Fomentations You may make Fumigations that the Patient may receive the vapor of them through a hollow Chair Especially a Decoction made of Mullein and the Fume thereof received is commended in this Disease and also for a Diarrhoea Faventinus commends a Fumigation made of Turpentine cast upon a hot Iron taken up into the Body twice a day And he commends also this Fomentation Take of Balm one pound Mullein one handful Put them in a long bag boyl it well in red Wine and strong Vinegar and apply it to the Fundament Rulandus useth a Decoction of Acorns in Vinegar for a Fomentation And Faventinus propoundeth this following Lotion as a secret to stop the Dysentery Take of the dross of Iron and filings of Steel both prepared in Vinegar of each one pound then boyl them in two pints of very strong Vinegar to the consumption of half Let the Patient put his feeâ— and his hands half an hour every morning and evening therein In a long Disease and when there are Ulcers in the Guts Quick-silver is good if it be mixed with Oyntment of Roses and the belly anointed therewith As also the Clysters afore mentioned for filthy Ulcers At the same time you may give Milk and Syrup of Myrtles Also one dram of true Balsom given in a Wafer doth wonderfully heal al inward Ulcers For asswaging pain apply the Caul of a new killed Sheep to the belly and bind it on especially to Children and repeat it often If the Liver Stomach or Brain cause this flux you must use proper Medicines to them alwaies making choice of those that do astringe and strengthen For his ordinary Drink give him Spring Water with Conserve of Roses the Tincture of Roses a Decoction of Oaken Leaves or Water wherein Terra sigillata is infused or wherein red hot Gold hath been quenched with Syrup of Quinces Myrtles or dried Roses Or when there is no Feaver use a weak Decoction of Mastich with the Syrups aforesaid According to Crato's Judgment you must not use any chaly beat or steeled Drink for it doth not astringe as commonly they suppose but troubleth the belly Others commend the Decoction of Gramen or Dogs Tooth because it is good to dry and divert by Urine Lastly 'T is worth the Observation which Aetius speaks Lib. 3. Cap. 8. and Paulus Lib. 1. Cap. 35. that old fluxes are dryed up by Venery Which Hippocrates said formerly 7. Epid in the end Excessive Venery doth cure fluxes of the belly Amatus Lusitanus learned this Truth by Experience Curat 41. Cent 2. One troubled with a Dysentery saith he very violently was married and the first night he lay with his Wife was cured Let this be added for a Conclusion which is related in the Cure of Diarrhoea out of Platerus in his Cure of the flux of the Hemorrhoids Hot Blood of either Man or Beast given in a Clyster doth wonderfully stop and cure the flux Chap. 7. Of Tenesmus TEnesmus is a continual desire to go to stool and voiding of nothing but Slime or bloody Matter The immediate Cause of this Disease is an Ulcer in the streight Gut called Intestinum rectum from which Quittor or filthy Matter continually floweth and stirreth up the expulsive Faculty by which means there is a continual desire of going to stool Moreover there is voided a slimy Matter mixed with blood from the depravation of the Homoiosis or quality that converts things into its likeness of the ulcerated part because it cannot wel concoct its proper Nourishment and make it like it self but turns it into another slimy substance as we shewed more at large in Dysenteries and other Ulcers of the Guts But in regard we said in the Chapter of Dysentery That al the Intestines might be ulcerated in that disease thence it seems to follow That the Ulcers of the straight Gut called Rectum belong to a Dysentery Yet Custom hath so prevailed that when the Rectum is only hurt it is called by the name of Tenesmus And because when other Guts are affected if the Rectum suffer there is also Tenesmus or needing although the disease be then called a Dysentery therefore Dysentery and Tenesmus are of the same Nature and have the same Cause and differ only in respect of the part affected And therefore we need not repeat the Causes because they are the same with those that produce a Dysentery For the Knowledg of this Disease there is no more required but to distinguish it from a Dysentery which you may learn from the definition For in a Tenesmus there is a continual needing but in a Dysentery it is by fits besides in that after great straining there is voided only a little slime bloody or mattery but in a Dysentery both Excrements and Humors are continually voided The Signs of the Causes are the same with a Dysentery As for the Prognostick Celsus Lib.
4. Cap. 19. saith that a Tenesmus is easily cured and that of it self it never kils any yet Galen 5. de usu partium cap. 4. reckons it among the chiefest Diseases of the Belly and truly it may very wel be accounted grievous in respect of its troublesomness and long continuance yet it is not dangerous except it come of Melancholly for then it tends to a Cancer ulcerated besides it brings great inconveniences as Miscarriage or Abortion to Women So Hipp. Aph. 27. Sect. 7. saith If a Woman with Child have a Tenesmus she wil miscarry For the continual straining at stool doth much disturb the Womb which is so neer to the straight Gut Besides the same Muscles which serve to throw out the Excrements are imployed for delivery therefore when they daily compress the lower Belly they cause Abortion Lastly the Ulcers of the Rectum Intestinum being neer the Anus or Fundament if they contitue long turn to an incurable Fistula The Cure of a Tenesmus little differs from the Cure of a Dysentery And therefore first the sharp Humors that come from the Liver and other parts are to be purged with Medicines that leave an Astringent quality as chiefly Rhubarb which must be so often given till the Humor seem to be spent If there be an Inflamation which is chiefly known by a Feaver or if much blood you must open a Vein And in case it continue after bleeding and cause a strangury or difficulty of Urine as it often doth it is very good to open the Hemorrhoids with Hors-leeches Also you must use asswaging Clysters when there is much pain and clensing glutinating and astringent according as the Ulcer requireth the Forms whereof are to be found in the Cure of Dysentery But in the use of Clysters observe first that you give them often and in a smal quantity only half a pint because they wil be hardly kept any time by reason of the continual needing And the pipe must be warily conveyed in lest the pain be encreased And you must diligently apply Fomentations Insessions or Baths to sit in Fumigations Suppositories and Oyntments You may make a Fomentation thus Take of Mullein Wormwood of each six handfuls boyl them in new Milk and put them into two Bags which apply to the Anus and whol belly one after another very warm Or Take of Chamomel Flowers and Roses of each one handful Red Wine two Pints infuse them two hours upon hot Embers Foment the Fundament as hot as can be suffered with four times doubled cloathes After let the Patient sit upon a spunge dipped and straâ—ned from the same Liquor Or Fill two Bags with Barley Bran and boyl them in Vinegar Let the Patient sit one while upon one another while upon another as hot as he can If he void much Blood make the Fomentation thus Take of Mullein Leaves and Roots two handfuls Red Roses one pugil Pomegranate peels and Galls of each half an ounce boyl them in two parts of Iron-Water and one of Red Wine for a Fomentation which you may make stronger if you ad half an ounce of Allum Insessus or Baths to sit in to asswage Pain are made of Emollients boyled in Water or Broth of Sheeps Heads and Feet to which you may ad Violets Nightshade Gourds and Mellons sliced but for healing of Ulcers you must make them of Astringents afore-mentioned Fumigations are good to dry the Ulcer made of Frankinsence burnt or the Decoction of Savin made in Oxycrate or other things mentioned in the Cure of a Dysentery the Fume whereof must be taken sitting in a hollow Chair But this following is Commended by Forestus Take of Mastich one dram Frankinsence one scruple Myrtles one dram and an half Red Roses two scruples make a Pouder for a Fumigation Suppositories are good in this Disease they must be gentle and mild least they exasperate the part which is so sensible They are fitly made of Goats Suet cut into the form of a Suppository for they appease the pain heal the Ulcer but they wil be better against Pain if you mix the seed finely poudered of Poppies or Henbane tye them in a knot in Paper like a Suppository But far best if you instead of these things put three drops of the Oyl pressed out of these Seeds to every Suppository or one grain of Opium dissolved in half a scruple of Oyl of sweet Almonds The Ulcer wil be sooner healed if you first dissolve the Suet either alone or with white Starch Gum Tragacanth beaten and first steeped in Plantane Water or else with some Narcoticks Or thus Take of Gum Tragacanth as much as is sufficient sprinkle it with Plantane Water that it may only swel and not dissolve then ad as much of the mucilage of Fleabane seeds or Quince seeds and mix them with the white of an Egg roasted then with melted Wax make them into a Suppository You may also ad Narcoticks as likewise to Cure the Vcer better the Pouders of Ceruss Tutty Bole Pomegranate Flowers and the like which dry without Acrimony and sharpness And these must be very finely Poudered and sifted least the Part be Exasperated You may apply Oyls and Oyntments as in a Dysentery to the Belly and Fundament As Oyntment of Roses Populeon or of the Mucilages of the whites of Eggs Oyl of Roses and the like to take away Pain and Inflamation and other things that shal be mentioned in the Chapter of Haemorrhoids or to Cure the Ulcer the white Oyntment of Rhasis or Pompholygos melted in Hydromel or in Honey and Water Lastly In a more desperate Condition use Narcoticks both inwardly and outwardly but three or four grains of Laudanum is best given with Mastich and Terra Sigillata or mixed in a Clyster made or a Decoction of the Flowers of Chamomel Chap. 8. Of Fluxus Hepaticus or Flux of the Liver A Flux of the Liver is that in which serous and bloody Humors like water wherein flesh hath been washed are voided This Disease is produced from the Liver being weak and out of tune by reason whereof it cannot breed good blood but turneth the Chylous Matter into thin and ferous blood which because it is not fit to nourish is sent by Nature into the Intestines from whence comes this flux of the Liver This weakness and disorder may come from any distemper For by the excess of any of the first qualities the native heat and its power to make blood is dejected Yet this hath a doubt rising from Experience because we see often that great distempers of the Liver and excess in the first qualities do produce other diseases and not this And again this flux is many times without the excess of the first qualities That therefore the Nature of this Disease may be declared we must say with wise Varandaeus my Master There is somthing more than an ordinary distemper for producing of this disease And it is occult or hidden consuming the radical moisture in
with it and so it wil be stronger Also Spring Water made sharp with some few drops of the Spirit of Virriol or Sulphur is of no less force For sharp things do properly kill VVorms and the Water is to be made more or less sharp according to the age of the Party The Decoction of Dog-tooth with Coriander seed prepared is used vulgarly for ordinary drink mixed with Syrup of Lemons or of pomegranats Or you may put Sugar and a little Vinegar in the Decoction While the aforesaid Remedies are used you must give Clysters often the whol time of the Disease first made of sweet things to attract and draw down the VVorms as at first we said which may be made not only of a Decoction of Liquoris Raisons and Figs but also of Chicken-broth and Sugar and Honey of Roses or of Milk if there be no Feaver otherwise it wil be easily Corrupted But if we conjecture that the VVorms are already in the thick Guts because then they can scarcely ascend into thin Guts you may give Clysters to kil them made thus Take of Dog-Tooth Roots one ounce Beets Mallows Pot Mercury and Purslain of each half an handful Coralline one pugil Coriander seeds prepared and Wormseed of each two drams boyl them in a Quart of Water in one Pint of the straining dissolve two ounces of Oyl of Roses Cassia newly drawn six drams Hiera Picra two drams Honey of Violets one ounce make a Clyster If you wil have stronger Take of Gentian Roots one ounce common Wormwood and Southernwood of each one handful the lesser Centaury half an handful Lupâ—nes half an ounce Wormseed two drams make a Decoction In as much of the straining as you think fit dissolve the Oyl of Wormwood one ounce and an half Salt one dram and an half â—â—ake a Clyster which must be repeated and in the last that the Worms may be brough forth after they are killed dâ—ssolve of Benedicta Laxativa and Hiera Picra of each three dramâ— or half an ounce If there be a Flux of the Belly give this following Clyster Take of Tormenâ—l Roots and of Round Buth-wort of each one ounce and and an half Pomegranate Peels and Myrcha ans of each one ounce Pease a smal handful Myrtle berries one dram Red Roses one pugil make a Decoction and dissolve in the straining of Oyl of Mints or of Wormwood one ounce make a Cryster Outwardly may divers Topicks be applied not only those that were mentioned but these following Take of Gentian Roots one ounce Birth-wort Roots six drams Orange Peels one ounce Coloquintida one dram burnt Harts-horn two drams Saffron half a dram make a Pouder which mix with Oyl of Wormwood or Bitter Almonds and with a little Wax make an Vnguent Also common Oyl boyled with the Pulp of Coloquintida is powerful Also Oyl of Wormwood and St. Johns-wort must be applied to the whol Belly morning and evening Take of Oyl of Wormwood Mints and bitter Almonds of each half an ounce the Juyce of Wormwood and Rue of each two ounces Tormentil white Dittany and Zedoary of each half a dram Ox Gall three drams Aloes one scruple Pouder them and with a little Wax make an Oynment Or Take of Coloquintida six drams Pouder it and with an Ox Gall lay it to the Navel by which both the Worms are killed and the belly kept loose Take of Murrh seven drams Mast ch eight ounces Aloes eighteen ounces common Salt one pound bruise them all and Distil them by a Retort with a gentle Fire and great diligence first you will have a Water than an Oyl with which if you anoint the Navel of a Child all putrefaction will be clensed which is in the Mysentery Also you may make a Cataplasm thus Take of the meal of Lupines two ounces Myrrh and Aloes of each two drams Ox Gall as much as is sitting Oyl of Wormwood two ounces make a Cataplasm for the Belly If a Loosness hath Continued long apply this following Cataplasm Take of Oyl of Quinces and Wormwood of each one ounce the Juyce of Purslain extracted with Vinegar one ounce and an half Peaseflowr an ounce Lupine flowr half an ounce Red Coral and burnt Harts-horn of each three drams mix them together with as much Turpentine as wil make a Cataplasm A Cataplasm also made of only Hiera Picra is most powerful Somtimes you may use Fomentations when there is a great stretching and puffing up of the Belly Made thus Take of Wormwood Southernwood Tansie Scordium Mallows and Violets of each one handful beaten Lupines half an ounce Centaury one pugil boyl them in Vinegar and Water and Foment the whol Belly hot therewith very often Finally For Flat VVorms and Ascarides or Ars-Worms Clysters made of bitter things are good to which you may ad the Purging things aforesaid while the filth of which they breed be purged away Chap. 10 Of the Immoderate Flux of the Hoemorrhoids ALthough the moderate Flux of the Hoemorrhoids be healthful and preserveth a man from many and grievous Diseases as Hippocrates taught in epidemii and in his Aphorisms as from a Pleurisie Peripneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs nephritis or the Stone in the Kidneys Madness Melancholly and innumerable other Yet the immoderate Flux is most dangerous and brings other pernicious Diseases as Weakness of the whol Body Coolness of the Bowels and especially of the Liver an Atrophy or want of nourishment an evil Habit and Dropsie by the loss of Natural Heat by spending too much Blood which is the treasure of Life and the cheerisher of the whol Body And this Immoderate Flux hath the same Causes which use to provoke other sorts of Bleeding namely Blood offending in Quantity or Quality when it offendeth in Quantity and is brought in great plenty to the Haemorrhoid Veins it doth violently dilate them and open their Orifices by the strength of the Expulsive Faculty but somtimes too much Blood coming thither doth oppress the Retentive Faculty Hence it comes that she being Defective in her duty there is a great Flux which must be restrained by art But while Blood off ends in Quality as sharpness it stirs up the Expulsive Faculty to cast forth by those Veins not only the unprofitable but profitable Blood the Blood Causing this Flux is made sharper by a mixture of Choller or sharp Water This immoderate Flux is known by the loss of Strength and a Sense of Weakness coming from a long Flux and loss of Blood As also from an evil yellowish colour of the whol Body as if it were the Jaundice If the Disease come from Quantity of Blood there went before Causes of increase of Blood and the Patient bears it wel in the beginning and is more cheerful but afterwards the Flux continuing he grows weak and dejected But if it comes from sharpness and thinness of the Blood there went before Causes that breed cholet or sharp Water the body is of a Chollerick Constitution and burnt the blood floweth
take two or three drams every morning Or Take of the filings of Steel half a pound white Wine one Pint and an half mix them in a Glass set it to the fire let be boyled gently stirring it up and down till a scum arise then take the frothy and fat part of the Steel which is separated by the heat and put it with Wine into another Glass do thus four times adding fresh Wine heating and separating them set it on a gentle fire till it be hot and grow thick as Honey keep it for your use which is this Take of Steel so prepared six drams Parsley and Carrot seeds the species of Diacurcuma and Diarrhodon Abbatis of each one dram Cinnamon half a dram with clarified Honey make an Opiate of which take three drams or half an ounce every morning Or Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone one ounce the best Senna Rhubarb and Agarick of each two drams Diarrhodon Abbatis one dram Saffron one scruple with syrup of Roses solutive make an Opiate of which let him take two drams every morning for fifteen dayes three hours after meat Pills of Steel are as good as the rest and they may be made thus Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone half an ounce the best Aloes Senna Agarick and Rhubarb of each one dram Diarrhodon Abbatis half a dram Saffron half a scruple with syrup of Roses solutive make a mass of Pills of one dram whereof make six guilded Pills which give in the morning for fifteen dayes three hours afore meat To these Pills you may ad according to the kind of the Disease and the Patients occasion of Gum Ammoniack Sagapenum Opopanax Myrrh Gentian Birth-wort Mastich Nutmeg and the like In all Medicines made of Steel this is alwayes to be observed That Exercise be used after them as Walking to make the strength of the Medicine to go into the parts obstructed This Walking must befor two hours after after which give a little Broth in which opening Herbs and Roots have been boyled Besides al these Remedies the Chymists commend Mercurial Purges of Mercurius dulcis especially given with ordinary Pills or Extracts because Mercury doth violently penetrate and open Obstructions The Bezoard Mineral is very much commended and given with Mercurius dulcis You may give it thus made Take of Bezoard mineral twelve grains Mercurius dulcis six grains conserve of Roses one or two drams make a Bolus which must be given many dayes If there be an Obstruction of the Liver in a Chollerick body with a hot and dry distemper of the part then must you give cooling or temperate Openers which shal be shewed in the Cure of Flatus Hypochondriacus mentioned among the Diseases of the Spleen For his ordinary drink let him take Water and smal Wine wherein Steel hath been infused Or a weak Decoction of Tamarisk Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Burnet all or some with Wine Some commend the Infusion of the Wood against the Stone called Lignum Nephriticum for ordinary drink Others the Decoction of Eglentine or Sweet-bryer which opens very powerfully and strengtheneth and they say that many have been Cured of desparate Diseases by that alone But the Infusion of the filings of Steel made in white Wine or thin red Wine doth open better mixed with the aforesaid Waters or with ordinary Water for by this Medicine alone many Virgins have been Cured of the Green Sickness and this Wine wil work better if they take every morning two ounces of cleer Wine besides the ordinary drink Chap. 4. Of the Jaundice THe Jaundice is a yellow color of the whol Body coming of Choller spread over all the Skin It is therefore a Symptome of the Quality changed And now presently that vulgar difficulty which is controverted by almost all Writers offers it self namely That the yellow color in the Cornea doth immediately hurt the Sight making all objects appear yellow To which that I may answer in a word without circumstances I say That it is a disease in the encrease of Number for since the Cornea ought to be void of all color that it may let the Species of Objects pass through pure and unchanged if it have any preâ—ernatural color it hath a Disease in the encrease of Number that is more than what is necessary to the Natural Constitution thereof Authors do make two sorts of Jaundice Yellow and Black The Black proceeds from the Spleen and is very rare therefore here treating only of the Diseases of the Liver we will speak only of the Yellow Jaundice The spreading of Choller upon the Skin comes from many Causes which may be reduced to three Heads namely An Evil Disposition of the Liver An Obstruction of the Bag that contains the Gall And the malignity of the Chollerick Humor The Evil Disposition of the Liver is divers as Dstemper Inflamation Obstruction Schirrus and whatsoever may so weaken the part that Excrementitious Choller cannot be separated from the Blood but is with it distributed through the whol Body The Obstruction of the Bag or Cystis which contains the Gall hinders the passage of it into the Guts whereby it remains in the Liver and goes from thence with the Blood into the whol Body This Obstruction is either from gross Flegm or Choller abounding somtimes from little stones which are often bred in the Bag of Gall which may also be made narrow in the Passage by the compression of some part nigh unto it which is inflamed or schirrous The Evil of the Chollerick Humor consists either in the great quantity thereof which cannot be regulated by Nature nor be separated from the Mass of Blood or which so filleth the Bag of the Gall that it cannot contract it self to expel it or it consists in an evil quality which by corrupting of the Humors doth hinder their due Evacuation or stirs up Nature suddenly to cast it forth as you may observe in a Critical or Symptomatical Jaundice This Corruption happens in continual Chollerick Feavers as also after Poyson is taken or from the biting of some venemous Creature by which the whol Blood is turned into Choller The Signs of the Yellow Jaundice are manifest namely a yellow color through the whol Body especially in the white of the Eyes Also an itching and laziness bitterness of the Tongue somtimes Chollerick Vomitings and Hiccoughs The Signs of the Causes are to be taken from their proper Fountains for if the distemper of the Liver be hot this Disease comes from Inflamation Obstruction Schirrus or the like the knowledg of which is to be taken from their proper Chapters These things properly shew the Obstruction of the Bag of the Gall white Excrements and a Belly bound through the want of Choller which useth to make the Excrements yellow or red and to stir up the Expulsive Faculty of the Guts like a Clyster The Urine is very yellow inclining to red and if you put a Linnen clout therein it will dye it yellow If it come from the malignity
had no wind coming forth of the Cavity of the Belly neither did their Bellies but their Guts sink especially the thin Guts which were so stretched with wind that they came forth so rouled together that they could not be again thrust into the Belly But we must observe that the wind which causeth a Tympany is seldom contained in the Belly alone but for the most part mixed with Water as in an Ascites not only Water but Wind also is contained and both these Dropsies have their name of that which predominateth if there be more wind than water it is a Tympany but if more water than wind an Ascites but if they be equal it is between both â—o that we may doubt whether that Dropsie be a Tympany or an Ascites The Material Cause of Wind is a crude Humor and thick whether it be Flegm or Melancholly which being stirred and made thin by heat sends forth thick vapors which are hard to be dissolved and these are called Flatus This Crude and thick Humor is partly in the Stomach and Guts but especially between the Membranes of the Midriff and Guts from whence it is more hard to be moved than from the Cavity of the parts aforesaid The 11. Aph. Sect. 6. of Hippocrates makes this very probable They who have pains and gripings about the Navel and Loyns which cannot be removed have a dry Dropsie For because the Mesentery is joyned to the Guts by the fore part and to the Loyns by the hinder part we may easily perceive that the pains which reach from the Navil to the Loyns come from the Mesentery Besides The greatness of the pain shews that the Cause is deep in the substance of the part and cannot be removed For if it were in the Cavity of the Stomach and Guts it would easily be remedied Concerning the Efficient Cause Authors differ some say from a cold some from a hot distemper They which accuse a cold distemper think they have Galen on their side who saies that wind is bred of a weak heat To whom we answer That heat may be said to be weak in respect of the Matter which cannot be discussed or dissolved thereby But this is to be imputed to the Matter which is rather defective than the Heat which is commonly too great and Preternatural And we must acknowledg with the Learned That a burnt Melanchollick Humor is most fit to breed a Tympany which proceedeth from the parching heat of the Bowels which heat doth stir that Matter and produceth from it thick vapors that are hard to be dissolved The Dropsie called Anasarca comes of a Flegmatick Humor spread through the whol Body and therefore the Body is swoln and white from whence the Disease is called Leucophlegmatia This Flegm comes from a cold Liver which instead of good Blood produceth crude and flegmatick which when it cannot be turned into the substance of the parts leaveth the crude part that is unfit for Nourishment upon them and makes them swell hence comes Anasarca or Leucophlegmatia This Disease beginning is called Cachexia or an evil Habit and turns into Leucophlegmatia from which it differs but in degree The Antecedâ—nt Causes are all things that cool the Liver too much and hinder its Concoction as too much cold and moist Diet the stopping of the Terms or Hemorrhoids Obstructions cold Tumors Scirrhus and large bleeding and other great Evacuations by which the Native heat is diminished The Signs of a Dropsie and every sort of it may be known by what hath been said In an Ascites you may know that there is water in the Abdomen by its greatness lost Swelling and broad and if you press the sides you shall easily hear a noise of Water and when the Patient turns from one side to the other and then the whol Belly lieth as it were on that side then the Feet and Cods swell but the higher part grow less the Urine is little and thick somtimes red because there goes but little water to the Reins and Bladder and staies long there by which means it becomes red and thick In the progress or encrease of the Disease there is difficulty of Breathing by reason of the abundance of water which lieth upon the Diaphragma or Midriff especially when the Patient lieth down and therefore he is forced to stand or sit most usually There is a troublesom thirst from the saltness of the Humor with which the Stomach swimmeth And lastly there is a constant lingering Feaver from the corruption of the Water which at length doth corrupt all the Bowels swimming therein In a Tympany the Belly being strook sounds like a Drum the Bulk of the Belly is less burdensom than in an Ascites There were formerly pains about the Navel and Reins when the Patient lieth with his face upwards his Belly remains hard and stretched forth nor doth it turn aside when he turneth himself Lastly In an Anasarca not only the Belly Thighs and Leggs but also the Hands Arms Breast Face and whol Body swel and wheresoever you thrust your finger upon it it will pit and leave an impression The color of the Skin is pale and Earthy the Flesh soft and loose the Water thin and white breathing difficultly and somtimes a lingering Feaver As to the Prognostick Every Dropsie is dangerous and hard to be cured and the more hard by how much the elder but Anasarca is least dangerous but Ascites and Tympany are somtimes one more dangerous than another according to their Causes So if Ascites come from a Scirrhus of the Liver or Ulcer of some internal part it is more dangerous than a Tympany but if it come of drinking too much Water or new Obstructions it is less dangerous A Dropsie is more easily cured in Servants than in Free-men in Country men than in Noble men for they will be better constrained to abstain from Drink and the like and be more patient than they who have liberty A Dropsie from the hardness of the Spleen is less dangerous than from the hardness of the Liver because the Spleen is not so Noble a part A Dropsie coming upon an acute Disease is evil nor will it abate the Feaver but cause pain and death Hipp. 2. Prognost They whose Liver being full of water discharge it into the Omentum or Caul their Belly is filled with Water and they die Hipp. Aph. 55. Sect. 7. He who hath Water between the Skin or an Anasarca if that water which is in the Veins flows into the Belly the disease is cured Hipp. Aph. 14. Sect. 6. This Aphorism seems coutrary to the former But this contrariety is answered by saying that Hippocrates in the former by Belly understood the Cavity of the Abdomen but in this Belly its self for if the water flow through the Belly the Disease is at an end Which Opinion is more clearly explained by Hippocrates in Coacis in these words In the beginning of a Dropsie if there come a flux of the belly without
the Roots of Danewort and Elder of each one ounce Elicampane Roots half an ounce dry Wormwood and Dodder of Time of each one pugil clean Senna one ounce Soldanella or Sea-foal-foot two drams the Troches of Rhubarb and Agrimony of each one dram Mace and Cinnamon of each half a dram Scammony four scruples white Wine two pints and an half Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae the vessel being well stopped keep it without straining Let him take two or three ounces in the morning twice or thrice in a week Among Medicines for drawing forth of Water the Juyce of French Flowerdeluce is very much commended if it be drawn forth with white Wine it may be given to three ounces it provoketh stool and urine very powerfully But because it is very offensive to the mouth and stomach with its sharpness it useth to be mixed with Manna or Honey Massaria gives it thus Take of Juyce of Flowerdeluce newly drawn with white Wine three ounces the best Manna one ounce and an half Mix them for a Potion Platerus in his Observations I gave saith he to one in a Dropsie of the Juyce of Flowerdeluce to drink with Honey two ounces and he often pissed and purged and after he had taken it twice or thrice his Belly ceased swelling and his Feet and he was cured Rhubarb is commended of some because it purgeth noxious Humors and strengtheneth the Liver And Stocherus saith that he cured many with the use of Rhubarb given every third or fourth day one or two drams in an opening Decoction Also in Scoltzius his Epistles there is a famous Story of one who was cured of a Dropsie only by the use of Rhubarb which he took every day in such a quantity as was necessary to purge The Troches of Rhubarb are much commended by all Authors And Mathaeus de Gradi reports that a certain Duke of Orleans was cured with them alone taking two drams twice in a week Michael Paschalius saith that he cured a Dropsie with the same making them into Pills by reason of their bitterness The Chymists commend the Extract of black Hellebore Aquila Coeleftis and Mercurius vitae and they mix them with other vulgar Medicines from whence followeth a plentiful Evacuation of Water But they had need of strong Bodies who take them Mercurius dulcis works most gently and Mercurius Diaphoreticus But Antimonium Diaphoreticum cures without manifest Evacuation if it be calcined with Salt-Peter till it be white but the Diaphoretick or Sweating Medicine made of the Butter of Antimony cures all kinds of Dropsies best But you must observe in the giving of all sorts of Purges That they especially if strong are not to be given often as Galen teacheth Lib. 9 Cata Topous because they weaken the body and then there will more water be bred afterwards Therefore you must prescribe strengtheners and openers oftener than purgers And Experience teacheth us That the Evacuation by Urine in this Disease hath better success than that by stool Instead of Purgers you may give Clysters which discuss wind purge water and take down the belly made thus Take of Mallows Mercury and red Coleworts of each one handful Soldanella or wild Mercury half a handful Annis Caraway and Dill seeds of each three drams Chamomel Melilot French Lavender and Broom flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve of Diacatholicon one ounce Hiera Picra half an ounce Oyl of Dill and Lillies and of common Honey of each two ounces Make a Clyster twice in a week Or Take of very sowr Leaven half an ounce common Salt one pugil Boyl them in as much Water as is sufficient strain it and add to it the Vrine of a Child four ounces Oyl of Rue three ounces Clarified Honey one ounce Make a Clyster This Valeriola commends highly This following Clyster brings forth Water in abundance Take of Coloquintida one dram Infuse it for a night in three ounces of white Wine when it is strained add thereto Tripe Broth one pint common Oyl two ounces Salt-Peter melted one ounce strong Vinegar one spoonful make a Clyster Or Take of the Pulp of Coloquintida one dram Clean Bran one handful boyl them in white Wine for a Clyster Or Take of Carthamus seeds one ounce the best Agarick half an ounce the pulp of Coloquintida three drams Centaury the less Germander and both the Wormwoods of each half a handful boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve of Oyl of Chamomel Rue and Capars of each one ounce Honey of Roses two ounces make a Clyster Or Take of the Emollient Decoction one pint thick vomiting Wine the Infusion of Crocus metallorum four ounces Diaphoenicon one ounce make a Clyster Blood-letting here is for good Reason omitted except the Disease come from stoppage of the Terms or Hemorrhoids And then you must not bleed except it be in the beginning of the Disease before the Liver be grown too cold Issues Blisters and Scarrifications use to cause Gangrenes or mortifications in a Dropsie because the heat of the part being smal is quickly extinguished Therefore it is better wholly to abstain from these kind of Remedies although somtimes they have done some people good Paracentesis or cutting of the Skin is seldom to be used because few are cured thereby especially because the Patients or their kindered will not yield to it before the Disease is confirmed and the Bowels are so putrefied that there is no hope Therefore for the most part they die the second or third day after they are cut The wiser sort will have the Incision made in the beginning or encrease of the Disease before the Bowels are corrupted Neither is it necessary at that time because the disease being smal may more safely be cured with other Medicines Among emptying Medicines Sweatings are accounted most profitable which as they are alwaies good in Anasarca so in a Tympany or Ascites they somtimes hurt namely when driness of the Liver which is usual causeth the Disease Moreover it is commonly impossible to make men in Dropsies sweat But if the Liver be not dry Sweats are good in all kinds of Dropsies especially when they decline to discuss the reliques of the watery Humor by the Habit of the Body So Valeriola reports that he cured an Ascites with a Decoction of Guajacum given fourty daies together It is good to make the Decoction with steeled Water and Wine The Chymicks commend Antimonium Diaphoreticum Martinus Rulandus makes a Sudorifick of Juniper Berries which because they are forceable to provoke Urine may do good both waies It is thus made Take of Juniper berries bruised three handfuls Sack as much as is sufficient boyl them to halfs and give two ounces every morning covering warm after it Horatius Reserus in Scholtzius boasteth that he hath cured many Boyes and some Women of the Anasarca with Syrup of St. Ambrose which is a Sudorifick Its description is in an old Dispensatory called Luminare
majus thus Take of Gromwel seeds husked two ounces spring Water half a pint boyl them till three or four ounces of water only remain which being strained mix it with as much Sack and give it warm it will sweat him plentifully if he be covered warm But those Medicines are best which purge by Urine and the Cure is commonly better this way One of the chief is two ounces of the Juyce of Chervil given every morning in Wine for many daies Opening Wines that purge by Urine are good in this case as this Take of Elicampane Smallage Fennel and Flowerdeluce Roots dried of each one ounce and an half Roots of Valerian Gentian Asarabacca and Squils or Sea Onions of each one dram the middle Bark of an Elder and Sassaphras of each six drams dried Wormwood Agrimony Germander and Maiden-hair of each two drams the tops of Centaury the less and Broom flowers of each one dram Parsley Annis and Dill seeds of each one dram and an half Cinnamon two drams Spicknard half a dram bruise them together and infuse them in white Wine some few daies and let him drink thereof every morning The steeled compound Wine prescribed in the Obstruction of the Liver is good for the same The Decoction of Juniper mentioned is to be reckoned among the Diureticks And if you fear it is too hot you may make it in Water and put a little Spirit of Vitriol to it Fonseca commends the use of Turpentine washed with Barley Water and he gives half an ounce thereof twice in a week And lastly The Spirit of Salt Tartar and Vitriol given in a true quantity with an Apozeme or other opening Decoction for some daies do wonders because they being very thin do run into all the parts of the Body and open them The Salts of Wormwood Juniper Bean Stalks and the like given in white Wine do the same Or in want of Salts you may make a Lee of the Ashes of the same which will be sufficient Mathiolus upon the 87. Chap. Lib. 1. of Dioscorides saith That a Lee made of Juniper Ashes with white Wine and four or five ounces thereof taken doth powerfully provoke Vrine so that I have seen some men cured of a Dropsie with it alone Moreover In the whol time of the Cure you must use strengtheners to the Liver for it is in vain to purge water if you do not hinder the encrease of it which you cannot do except you refresh the Liver and bring it to its former temper Among the chief Strengtheners is Cinnamon Water of which you may give one Spoonful every morning and before Supper But Galen in his Eight Book Kata Topous commends the Electuary called Cyphoides by the Arabians from the Wine whereof it is made of which you may give half an ounce in the morning according to Hollerius it is thus made Take of Curans clensed half a pound boyl them in old Sack to the consistence of a Pultis strain them after they are pounded and then ad of the conserve of Rosemary flowers Citron barkcandied and Cinnamon of each one dram the Pouder of Aromaticum Rosatum Diamargariton calidum and Diacinamom of each two scruples Lignum Aloes half a dram Saffron half a scruple mix them for a soft Electuary The Opiates prescribed for the Obstruction of the Liver are here very profitable The Conserve of Sea Wormwood is very good made of one part of the Leaves and three of Sugar with which Matthiolus in his Chapter of Wormwood saith some have been Cured Poterius makes an Opiate of Conserve of Roses Specificum Somachium and Crocus Martis and Oyl of Vitriol by which only Medicine he saith he hath Cured Dropsies The Specificum Stomachium is Antimony fixed The Cure of men in Dropsies lieth much in their drink therefore there must be care of that that he drink sparingly and endure thirst as much as may be for it is known that many have been Cured only with abstaining from drink and eating of dry meats without other means For Drink let him take Elicampane or Wormwood Juniper or Steeled Wine or let him use the aforesaid Steel Medicines Avicen forbids men in a Dropsie to see Waters But if you fear too much Heat or Driness or if the Patient be Abstemious he may use the Decoction of Juniper of Guajacum or Sassaphras or of Madder which provokes urin very much either alone or with white Wine But because he must abstain from Drink as we said and yet there is great Thirst it must be asswaged by Fits with washing the mouth with steeled Water and Vinegar or with often chewing Mastich or the like for it wil draw water to the mouth not only as some think out of the head alone but from the Stomach and Cavity of the Abdomen and therefore it will do much good Of Meats we say thus That he must chuse the Dryest and avoid Sweet meats as the Plague While you use Internals forget not Externals for they are of great force to discuss the Humor of the Belly as Fomentations â—ags Oyntments Pultisses and Plaisters The Chief are made thus Take of Marsh-mallow and Lilly Roots Cypress barks Capar barks middle barks of Ash Tamarisk dwarf-Elder the greater Snakeweed of each three ounces Wormwood Agrimony Marjoram Organ Calamints Peny-Royal Râ—e Ground-pine Southernwood and Elder of each one handful Parsley Dill and Cummin seeds of each one ounce Chamomel Melilot and Broom flowers of each three pugils Spickenard Schoenanth Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each half an ounce Salt and Allum of each half a pound boyl them all in a Lee made of Oak Ashes or branches with this Foment the whol Belly with Spunges dipt therein and strained Or Take the Vrine of a sound Boy four Pints Lapis Prunellae three ounces boyl them to the consuming of the third part for a Fomentation Aqua-pendens Commends Lime Water in which he dips a new Spunge which wil compass the whol Abdomen this he strains and binds on by which he affirmeth That the Waters that Cause the Dropsie are consumed the cold and moist distemper of the Bowels are taken away and the hardness of the Spleen dissolved Claudinus quencheth the Lime in a Salt Bath Water that is either of Brimstone or Salt-peter and bindeth close the Spunges dipped therein and strained with Rowlers to the Belly and keeps them there long and then changeth them You may make Bags of the ingredients of the former Fomentation boyled in white Wine and applied warm to the belly After the Fomentation let the belly be anointed with Oyl of Dill Rue or Flower-de-luce mixed with Pouder of ammoniacum Galangal Dill Bay-berries and the like It is also good to anoint with the Oyl of Scorpions according to Matthiolus and with a little Oyl of Rosemary Many do make Oyntments and Liniments of strong Purgers which draw VVater violently from the Dropsie and asswage the Swelling of the belly but they are dangerous for the Purging Quality getting between the Muscles
is fitly placed among the Diseases of the Spleen This Disease comes of Preternatural Melancholly and other adust Humors especially Blood or Choller or Natural Melancholly This Melanchollick Humor is not pure by its self but commonly mixed with others as Choller Flegm and Water from whence come the diversity of Symptomes which hereafter shal be mentioned These Humors breed in the Spleen especially when it is distempered with heat and also in the Liver hence it is that they draw meat and drink to themselves which is not concocted that which is thin of the Chyle sooner than that which is thick and then the thicker part for want of somthing to carry it staies in the Meseraick Veins and the longer it staies the thicker it grows and somtimes is burnt and afterwards coming to those parts it is not well concocted Moreover thine parts in their Natural state should concoct by boyling now do it by roasting hence comes this great adâ—stion of Humors It may also be that this Disease may be bred without the distemper of theâ—e parts from evil Nourishment that breed Melancholly blood and also from good blood retained too long in the veâ—sels and being too much as in the stoppage of the Terms and Hemorrhoids which continuing long in the Vessels is burnt and turned into Melancholly It may also come from the Stomach not well concocting but turning it into a parched Crudity from which those evil Juyces are bred in the Liver and the Spleen And Galen 3. de loc affect cap. 7. following Diocles thought the proper seat of it was in the Stomach because in this Disease there are commonly signs of an ill Stomach But it is more probable that the Stomach should be afflicted secondarily from the Liver or the Spleen as we will cleerly shew hereafter These evil Humors are gathered into the Veins and Arteries which are in the bottom of the Stomach especially in the great branches of the Gate Vein the Spleen Veins and those of the Mesentery Caul and Belly in which they have often great and grievous ferventations or workings from whence stinking Vapors are sent to the Brain Heart and Midriff which cause those divers Symptomes in those parts which we shall after mention Also the Humors are contained in the Bowels especially in the Spleen and Sweet-bread and the Glandles of the Mesentery the substance of which parts is foft and like a Spunge and therefore is more ready to receive them and harder to cast them forth Besides the Glandles which are dâ—â—persed through the Mesentery to be a prop to Veins and Arteries and to hinder least they should be pressed by the Guts being full or by any other thing If these swell much they do press upon the Vessels and hinder the passage of the Humors whence come Obstructions in those passages Boyes and yong men are little subject to this Disease by reason of their moist temper unfit to breed Melancholly but men often because the Humors are burnt by heat in youth and when that heat decaies and the thin parts are exhaled there is a great encrease of Melancholly The Antecedent and principal Causes of this Disease are first Meats of evil Juyce and hard of Concoction which are fit to breed Melancholly as brown Bread or unleavened or crusty Pulse Cheese hard Eggs and fried Meats Water Fowl Beef Venison Hairs and all Salt and smoaked Meats and many other things of hard substance Secondly Great Passions of long continuance especially Sadness are very powerful to breed this Disease because they disperse the Spirits by which means the Concoction is weakened and so there is great Crudity which being burnt by the hot Bowels turn into Melancholly Thirdly Idleness by which the Excrements are retained especially if there be much study and watching hence it is that learned men and such as â—it much are very subject to this Disease Lastly The stoppage of the Terms and Hemorrhoids both in respect of their quality and quantity produce it For when Melanchollick Salt and burnt Humors used to be discharged by those waies if they are stopped they return to the Hypochondria and cause this Disease The Knowledg of this is taken from the Symptomes which follow and they are many because almost all parts of the Body suffer thereby when it is high We shall reckon them up admonishing first That all do not happen to all Patients but some to one some to another according to the diversity of the Humor and the part affected First therefore the Stomach commonly suffers not principally as Galen from Diocles supposed but secondarily When Blood coming from the Branches of the Gate Vein to nourish the Stomach is not good from whence the Stomach being ill nourished doth ill concoct and turns its Meat into corruption Hence comes a circular Evil when the Liver and Spleen send evil Blood to the Stomach and the Stomach breeds evil Chyle to return to them of which they make bad blood Therefore in this Diseaâ—e the Stomach commonly concocteth ill and turns the chief part somtimes into Water somtimes into sharp sowr and clammy substance which being not drawn by the Guts and Meseraick Veins because unfit for nourishment staies in the Stomach and coming upwards somtimes fills the Tongue with Spittle so that the Patients 〈◊〉 much and somtimes vomit Somtimes the Matter in the Stomach boyleth and fermenteth from whence comes wind which doth not only stretch the Stomach but the parts adjacent and make the Heart so sick that somtimes the Patient swooneth Somtimes the Wind is sent out upwards and downwards and by insensible transpiratiâ—â— or the Matter causing them is vomited forth Yet you must observe that al that is vomited out is not bred in the Stomach but is sent from the Spleen and other parts to it for somtimes the humors vomited are so sharp that they set the teeth on edg and these are sent by the short vessel from the Spleen to the Stomach In some there is blood so sent with Melancholly and other evil Humors which is cast forth partly upward and partly downward as we shewed at large in the Vomiting of Blood In this Disease there is often belching and noise beneath the ribs by reason of the abundance of Wind made of those Crude Humors hence it was wont to be called the windy Disease Now how Wind is bred of Melancholly we shewed in the Tympany Somtimes pains arise in the Stomach and Hypochondria of the same Wind which reach to the Back and Loyns so that you would think it the Stone of the Kidneyes especially if the Urine be thick and red as usually it is The Belly is often bound because the Meat is turned into clammy Matter which sticks to the Guts which the expulsive Faculty cannot cast out without help of Medicines and therefore the Patients are constrained to take Purges and Clysters often Somtimes there is a Flux of the Belly if the Humors grow sharp and have in them much Choller or burnt Melancholly
of pain altogether for in an Imposthume there is alwaies some pain especially if it be pressed hard Moreover this Tumor is distinguished from the Tumor of other parts by the Scituation thereof as we said before of the Inflamation of the Mesentery But if the Imposthume lie in the Mesentery without any visible Tumor there can be no certain sign but by an artificial conjecture we may suspect namely if there be loathing of Meat or vomiting without manifest fault of the Stomach and a great fulness after little Meat weariness of the whol Body and fainting without manifest cause if the Belly be unaccustomarily bound or loose and void stinking Excrements and somtimes bloody without suspicion of a Dysentery To these you may add great watchings and if they sleep they faint and have great Sweats And though somtimes there appear neither Feaver nor pain yet there is commonly an obscure one of which if there appear no manifest cause we must conjecture that it comes from this Disease especially if any of the aforesaid signs be joyned there with as also if the Abdomen be violently pressed the Patient will perceive some inward pain it is true that by violent compression you may cause pain in sound places but if you perceive more pain in one part than in another after all parts have been pressed and when that part is alwaies most pained and the more by pressing you may strongly conjecture that the imposthume is there If at length there come forth Matter then the Imposthume will be manifest Commonly it is voided by stool of divers sorts according to the disposition of the part affected and of those adjacent Hence one while the Matter is pure and white in great plenty without sence of pain when it is sent by the Meseraick Veins into the Guts somtimes when the Imposthume is in the thick and lowest Guts the Matter is mixed with the Excreâ—ents somtimes it is sent to the Reins and cast forth by Urine somtimes being sent in great quantities between the Peritonaeum and the Muscles of the Abdomen it falls into the Cavity of the Belly by breaking of the Peritonaeum or breaks outwardly by an Imposthume so that a great quantity of Matter flows from the Navel and somtimes Worms therewith through the corruption of the Mesentery And that which sent forth by stool which is the usual is somtimes white and laudable as was said somtimes mixed with blood or water somtimes black blood and stinking somtimes other black Matter or of divers colors But whether this purulent Matter come from the Mesentery Liver Spleen or other part it is known by the proper signs of every part affected When the Imposthume is broken and the Matter floweth it is certain that there is an Ulcer in the Mesentery which somtimes is quickly cured and somtimes it is of long continuance and brings rottenness upon the whol part and a Gangrene As for the Prognostick The Imposthume of the Mesentery is dangerous for if it continue long in the part as it often happens it breeds filthy rottenness or a Gangrene or brings the Patient into a Consumption or Dropsie If it break and the Ulcer be not quickly cured but gets an evil condition it hath the like event a Gangrene Consumption or Dropsie Somtimes when the Imposthume is broken and very stinking Matter is sent into the Cavity of the Belly the Patient dies suddenly The Scirrhus or hard Tumor of the Mesentery is lest dangerous and if it be new will admit of a Cure but if it be old it brings the Patient to a Dropsie The Cure of these Diseases is to be varied according to the diversity of them And first an Imposthume bred requires opening and evacuation and it must be softened with opening and purging Medicines such as are laid down in the Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen not omitting outward Softeners and Looseners Fomentations Cataplasms and Liniments which do make the Matter of the Imposthume thin and open the passages that the Matter may better be voided After the Imposthume is opened you must clense the Ulcer and heal it for which purpose the Remedies mentioned in the Cure of the Ulcers of the Stomach Liver Reins and Womb are very good of which a wise Physitian may take his choyce according to the divers dispositions both of the Bodies and the Diseases And a Scirrhus of the Mesentery is cured with the same Medicines which are set down for the Cure of the Scirrhus or hard Swelling of the Liver and Spleen Chap. 4. Of the Diseases of the Pancreas or Sweet-bread THe Ancient Anatomists knew no action of the Pancreas or Sweet-bread but the use only namely to prop the Vessels least they should be in danger of breaking and to be instead of a Pillow to the Stomach least when it is full it should be hurt by the hardness of the Vertebrae or Back-bone But the Modern Anatomists have ascribed very great action unto it namely the first preparation of the Chyle and clensing of it so that it may be brought to the Liver more pure which the milky Veins seem to confirm because they are dispersed through the Pancreas Besides in the middle of it there is an open passage which goes to the Guts by which it is probable that the Excrements of the Chyle are purged therefore the Pancreas hath its Diseases which hurt the whol Body especially Obstructions and Tumors as the Mesentery hath namely when the Chylous Matter is crude and thick and is brought to it from the Stomach not sufficiently digested and when it doth not freely flow from it Riolanus observed a Scirrhus of the Pancreas in Augustine Thuanus that wrote the History of his Times most elegantly in Latin who when he had for four yeers among other Symptomes a heaviness continually in his Stomach especially when he walked or stood still without Swelling or hardness in the Hypochondria had a Pancreas as big as his Liver after he was dead hard and Scirrhus full of knots like Pidgeons Eggs. But because the Pancreas is covered with the Stomach its Tumors are scarce to be felt and this is the cause because there is no mention commonly of them and they have been found only after death Yet you may make a handsom Conjecture of them from what Riolanus observed in Thuanus namely If there be a sence of weight or heaviness in the Stomach and no Tumor or hardness in the Hypochondria and other signs of Obstructions than are mentioned in the Obstructions of the Liver Spleen and Mesentery To which you may add pain and other Symptomes of the Stomach by reason of its neerness shortness of breath by reason of the compression of the Diaphragma By which signs we suppose that the Lord Audeyerius President of the Senate of Gratianopolis had a Scirrhus of the Pancreas and we could perceive it by touching by putting our hand deep to the sides of the Stomach about the middle because he was lean and we found a
is opposed with strong Reasons First If it should come of a slimy and thick flegm then it would often be bred in the Brain and the Stomach in which such flegm doth chiefly abound Neither will it suffice to say that there is not sufficient heat in those parts to harden it because according to the Doctrine of Hippocrates and Galen a gentle heat by a continual action is sufficint to congeal and hence is the reason why old men do more often breed the stone when yong men have hotter Kidneys because the matter of the stone lies longer in old mens Reins by reason of the weakness of the expulsive Faculty and so it 's longer concocted by the heat and at length hardened Secondly From Aristotle 2. meteor cap. 4. they which grow together by heat are melted by moisture as Clay But the stone is never dissolved with water Neither doth it hinder to say that a strong heat makes such a Concretion or growing together that it cannot be dissolved by moisture as in Bricks For first in Man there is not so great a heat then the not dissolving of Bricks with Water is not because of the strong heat they had but rather from the disposition of the Clay for Clay made of common Earth although it be baked in a Furnace wil never be hard as a Brick but alwaies be dissolved with moisture Thirdly From Aristotle in the place mentioned the heat that makes concretion must be dry But there is a continual flowing of moisture into the Reins and Bladder therefore such a drying and hardening cannot be in those parts Fourthly Stones bred in Rivers and Fountains in which there is no heat and in some Dens and Holes that are very cold the water that fals turns into a stone from whence strange shapes do arise Therefore we must find another cause besides heat and another Matter besides clammy and glutinous Flegm Fifthly Flegm made hard is like Chalk and is brittle as you may see in the knots of the Joynts But some stones are like flints which they cannot be from Flegm nor is there so much heat in mans Body to make it so This slimy flegm hath deceived the Physitians of all Ages which is found in the Urine of many Patients and they thought it to be the immediate Cause But they were out For first In the stone of the Kidneys such Urines are seldom made but often in the stone of the Bladder But if this were the matter of the stone it would be alike in both Therefore this Matter depends especially upon the proper Disease of the Bladder for it is an Excrement of it distempered The disease of the Bladder is this we have seen in the Bodies of them who have died of the Stone in the Bladder and who voided much of that matter that the bladder grew fleshy as thick as ones finger or thumb so that it filled the whol Cavity and lay next to the stone till by stopping the Urine it killed the Patient But in those who made thin cleer Urine their bladder was not altered The Reason of these accidents are taken out of Hipp. Aph. 66. Sect. 5. If there be no Tumor in great and evil wounds it is evil And Galen gives the Reason because there is a suspition that the Humors which should come by reason of pain to the wound are gone to some noble part Moreover it is Natural to all parts as Galen lib. de diff febr cap. 11. that they which are stronger send that which hurteth them to the weaker nor do they cease so doing till it come to the weakest So when the part wounded is very weak and therefore fit to receive Humors if they come not thither it is a sign that other parts are very weak which cannot send and that others are weaker than the wounded to which the humors are carried Not only the bad Humors are carried to the wound but also good blood which Nature sends to refresh it All these things are in the bladder that hath the stone A great uneven stone or sharp hurts the Tunicle of the Bladder hence comes pain and weakness And Nature to help it sends more than usual blood and the stronger parts send their superfluiteis These the bladder concocteth as much as may be into its self and so groweth thicker But when it cannot take in all especially the evil Humors hence come many foul Excrements which from the Nature of the part turn so flegmatick But in them who have clear Urine either the stone hurteth not which causeth the attraction or some other parts are weaker than the bladder to which the humors flow But because this Doctrine doth destroy an old Opinion we will confirm it by a cleer Example of the Womb. The Womb is Membranous as the bladder but in Women with Child it is rleshy and thick so that in the last months it is two fingers thick because Nature all the time sends much blood to it to nourish the Child which when the Child doth not wholly consume some part of it is taken into the Womb and so it encreaseth The same is in the Bladder though Preternaturally which in the Womb is Natural that when much blood comes to it it coverts it into its self and grows thicker But if without being with Child the Womb be distempered and made weak then Humors superfluous from other parts come to it which when they cannot be taken into its substance turns to the Whites And that flux is a proper Excrement of the Womb as the flegm is of the bladder The same thing is in the Reins though not so often as when by a stone in them there is pain and weakness Nature sends much blood and humors to them which when they cannot be turned into the substance of the part they are turned into a slimy Excrement which is voided in abundance and this vulgar Physitians take for Matter or Pus which is only flegm or mixed with a little Pus as when by the grating of the stone there is an Ulcer Some Modern Writers being converted with the aforesaid Reasons have made a Juyce which will turn into a stone to be the material cause of the stone called Succus Lapidescens and the efficient to be Spiritus Lapidescens They call the former a certain Humor naturally proper to turn into a stone And this they desire to prove by the breeding of stones in the Earth which are by many Authors said to come of Waters and things cast there into to be hardened presently some Waters in Caves to be made Stones and some part of the Wine groweth to the Vessel called Tartar and Urines that are cleer when they are cold grow to the glass And although the peculiar fitness of the Matter to be thus turned is not sufficiently known yet some say they have found it out saying that it is of Salt mixed with Earth Some Salts do grow hard in the Sun and are easily dissolved in Water and if they be
Seeds and white Poppy Seeds with a little Syrup of Poppies or with the often giving of Conserve of Marsh-mallow flowers Outwardly you may apply this Fomentation following to the Reins Take of Marsh-mallow Roots two ounces Mallows Pellitory of the wall Violets of each one handful Lin-seed Foenugreek and Winter Cherries of each three drams Chamomel Melilot flowers and Water Lillies of each one pugil make a Decoction with which foment the part not with Spunges because they have a saltness in them from the Sea After the Fomentation you may apply this Liniment Take of the Oyl of Violets and of sweet Almonds of each one ounce and an half Oyl of Roses one ounce Mucilage of Marsh-mallow seeds and Foenugreek of each two ounces Saffron one scruple make a Liniment Make this following Injection against the pain of the Bladder Take of Foenugreek and Quince seeds of each one scruple steep them one hour in one pint and an half of Barley Water after strain them and make a moist Mucilage to which add of Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Honey of Roses strained one ounce mix them for an Injection And if you inject warm Milk it is excellent for the same purpose In which if you dissolve the Troches of Gordonius you wil compleatly ease pain and cure the Ulcer Chap. 6. Of Diabetes or extraordinary Pissing DIabetes is a quick and plentiful sending forth of Drink by Urine after which there comes a violent Thirst and consuming of the whol Body It is called Diabetes apo tou diabainein from passing through as Water through a Conduit pipe which is called Diabetes This Disease is also called Dipsacos from the unquenchable Thirst and the Piss-pot Dropsie from the continual making of Water It is seldom seen for Galen in 6. de loc aff cap. 3. saith that he saw it but twice The next and immediate Cause of this Disease from Galen and al his followers is held to be a hot distemper of the Reins which makes them draw Water violently from the Veins and send it to the Bladder being not able to contain it themselves the Veins being drawn dry suck from the Liver the Liver from the Guts and Stomach hence comes a continual Thirst after drink which as soon as it is taken it is forthwith carried from the Liver and Veins into the Reins where by its quantity it stiâ—reth up the Expulsive Faculty and burdening the Retentive Faculty it is sent to the Bladder Some suppose that this cause is insufficient because the hot distemper of the Reins is an usual disease but Diabetes is very rare therefore there must be somthing else that is less usual namely a sharp or salt Matter in the Kidneys either of â—holler or of Flegm which doth continually provoke the attractive vertue of them as in Chollerick Feavers there is a Thirst which cannot be quenched from the Chollerick Humor which is fixed to the coat or Tunicle of the Stomach or from Chollerick Vapors sent from some adjacent part into the Stomach by the motion of some putrid Choller which lodgeth there This Opinion is probable but we think good to add thus much to it That the Kidneys alone are not affected in this Disease because Choller and other burnt Humors are first bred in the Liver and therefore they cannot be in any quantity in the Kidneys but the Liver must participate of them And if we may reason where Nature seems to be â—ilent we can say that there is a venemous quality concurring for the producing of this Disease For that kind of Serpent called Dipsacos found in Lybia when it bites any man doth send into him such a poyson as begets an unquenchable Thirst The like kind of venom may be bred in our Bodies by a peculiar corruption of some humors which may cause such a Thirst for Galen testifieth that divers kinds of poysons may breed in our Bodies And if such a kind of poyson may be bred in our Bodies as may cause a detestation of Drink as in Hydrophobia in which the Patient cannot endure the sight of Water or any Drink why may not then there be produced another poyson which hath the contrary quality to cause a great and unquenchable Thirst And hence may be the reason why this Disease is so rare because this kind of poyson is seldom bred but Choller and Salt Flegm and the Diseases from thence are ordinary And as the Disease called Dogs Appetite which is compared to this for the unsatiable desire of meat is ascribed by the wisest Physitians to an occult quality so this unquenchable thirst may be said to come from a peculiar and hidden quality The Signs of this Disease are cleer from what hath been said as an extraordinary making of Water an unquenchable Thirst and a sudden pissing forth of what is drunk a decay of the whol Body for the moisture which would nourish the Body is pissed forth with the drink And though there be often a large Evacuation of Urine in sharp Feavers and other cases yet that is not to be called Diabetes because the aforesaid Symptomes as great Thirst and Consumption of the Body are not joyned therewith The Prognostick of this Disease is deadly for it is incurable except it be in the beginning thereof for it presently brings a Consumption In old men it is more dangerous and when it comes after inordinate Lechery or Agues The Cure is wrought by allaying the hot distemper of the Kidneys and by strengthening them by thickening the Humors that flow unto them and by opposing the malignant quality thereof all which may be done with these Medicines following In the beginning of the Disease while there is strength you may open a Vein for to revel or pluck back and cool the Humors but it must be done divers times and but a smal quantity of blood taken away But if the strength be decayed or if this follow another Disease Phlebotomy must not be You must give Mollifying and Asswaging Clysters to draw forth the Excrements made thus Take of Lettice Purslain Mallows and Plantane of each one handful clensed Barley and red Roses of each one pugil make a Decoction to one pint and an half In the straining dissolve of Diaprunes simple six drams Honey of Roses and Sallet Oyl of each two ounces make a Clyster and use it often You may also give a gentle Purge with Cassia and Pulp of Tamarinds or the Decoction of Plantane Purslain Lettice Tamarinds and Myrobalans with Syrup of Roses Some commend Vomits made of the Decoction of Rhadish Seed and Dwarf-Elder with Oxymel which doth Evacuate and draw from the Ureters To correct the distemper of the said parts and to thicken the Humors Juleps made of the Waters or Decoctions of Lettice Purslain and Plantane with Syrup of Myrtles Quinces and the like and Syrup of Poppies in a smal quantity adding the Pouder of Diatragacanth frigid and the Troches of Sealed Earth and the like Or to astringe more make them
thus Take of Comphry and Plantane Roots of each one ounce Plantane Leaves one handful Pomegranate Flowers and yellow Myrobalans of each one dram Plantane and Purslain seed of each half a dram red Roses one pugil boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve of Syrup of Quinces three ounces make a Julep for three Doses For the same end you may make a Pouder or an Opiate thus Take of Plantane Purslain and Coriander seeds prepared and red Roses of each one ounce prepared Coral Bole-armenick prepared Pearl and Tormentil Roots of each one scruple Nutmeg half a dram mix them into Pouder Take of old Conserve of Roses four ounces Bole prepared Coral and burnt Harts-born of each one scruple with Syrup of Quinces make an Opiate Erastus highly commends the Syrup of Comphry Roots and Sloes which he saith he used with good success in these Diseases Also Narcoticks or Stupefactives used wisely are very good as new Treacle Syrup of Poppies and Laudanum If it continue long Sheeps Milk Cow or Asses Milk are excellent if you first consume the Whey thereof with often quenching Flints therein and he may use it in the morning as we shewed in other Cures Sweating is commended by Authors by which means the serous Humor is drawn outward But it is to be mistrusted because it is very like to purge by Urine and encrease the distemper of the Bowels But if it be used at any time it must be of the mildest sort as of Roots of China Sarsa Endive Borrage Sorrel boyled in Water or for those who are consumed in Chicken Broth but we think it safer to provoke sweat by outward means as by a vapor from some convenient Decoction in a wooden Instrument Such Sudorificks as are prescribed in malignant Feavers are excellent especially if Spirit of Vitriol be in them to quench Thirst stay the flux and resist the malignity For Drink let the Patient use Iron'd Water with sharp and astringent Syrups or a Decoction of Sloes and the inward Bark of an Oak by which Medicine even alone Erastus saith that he cured this Disease in a Boy Outwardly Apply a Fomentation to the Loyns made of Sorrel Roots Plantane Pomegranate peels Sumach Seeds and the like with a little Vinegar or which is most proper make a Bath of the same Decoction to sit in And anoint the part with Unguâ—nt of Roses Sanders and Comitissa mixed together or this following Take of Oyl of Roses and Myrtles of each one ounce red Sanders red Roses and red Coral of each one scruple Juyce of Plantane one ounce Wax as much as will make an Oyntment Then you must allay the Symptomes that accompany this Disease as thirst watching consumption and the like by their Remedies mentioned in their proper Chapters Chap. 7. Of Pissing the Bed of Involuntary Pissing or not containing of Vrine THe not holding of the Urine consists in the hurting of the Retentive action of the Bladder as Diabetes or extraordinary pissing comes from the hurt done to the attractive faculty and Dysuria from the distemper in the Expulsive so this comes from the disorder in the Retentive Faculty of the Bladder This comes somtimes to people awake and then the Disease is worse somtimes to them asleep and then it is less because then the animal Functions are exercised less freely And this in time of sleep comes two waies either from weakness and loosness of the Sphincter Muscle of the Bladder as in sucking Children weak people and somtimes in them of yeers or from the hurt of the Imagination for many do piss their Beds either from too much drink or from the exquisite sence of the Bladder and the Urines sharpness with some consent of their will when they dream they are pissing against a wall or other place and they are so accustomed to it that it is done without any distemper either of the Bladder or its Sphincter nor are they to be cured with Medicines but by change of their foolish Imagination as Children by whipping or in those of yeers by adorning those places which they dream they piss upon with some costly things and shewing them often The true cause of this is in the Sphincter Muscle which suffers either from its self or by consent from other parts It comes divers waies by consent as when the whol Body is weak and the vital heat spent as in dying men or when the whol Body or half of it is taken with the Palsey or those branches of Nerves which come from the Os Sacrum to the Bladder somtimes the loosness of the Muscle comes from the pain only and neerness to other parts affected as in Women with Child from the swelling and pain of the Womb and in the great Disease of the straight Gut The Sphincter Muscle suffers divers waies by its self as when it is wounded as in cutting for the Stone or in deep Ulcers which hinder its contraction and shutting But the chief and usual cause is a cold and moist distemper which is most fit to weaken and make loose the part Which is produced of a cold and moist Native temper Youth old Age Women and the Diseases of the whol Body or some parts thereof coming of a moist and cold distemper to these you may add external causes often mentioned But here we may dispute how contrary Effects may be produced of the same Cause for Hippocrates in Coac saies that stoppage of the Urine comes of a cold cause in these words A stoppage of Vrine coming of cold is worst of all now not holding and stopping are contrary We must answer that when a cold distemper doth only hurt or abolish the sence of the Bladder there may be a suppression of Urine because the Bladder cannot be sensible of provocation to expel Urine but if the motive faculty which is in the Sphincter Muscle be hurt by reason of the loosness of it the Urine cannot be retained The Signs of this Disease either shew this Disease to be by consent and these must be taken from the Diseases before mentioned which are apt to produce this not holding the Urine which if you find you may conclude that the disease comes from them but if they be absent then you must bethink yourself of the propriety of the Disease to the part which will be easily discovered if it come from a wound and Ulcer or the like Disease of the Sphincter but if neither of these appear you must consider of the cold and moist distemper of the part and this is known by the causes both internal and external and by the effects which depend upon them as softness of the whol Body whiteness loosness of the Nerves and Privities Childhood Age evil Flegmatick Concoction and the like As for the Prognostick This Disease is incurable in old men by reason of their great moistness and the loss of Vital heat which cannot be repaired In an acute Feaver involuntary Pissing is very dangerous for it comes either of a Delirium
great Inflamations when more blood flows in than the Natural heat of the part can digest or turn into Matter It is destroyed either by a cold distemper extinguishing it or by an hot one dissipating and resolving the same A beginning Gangrene is known by an unusual heat felt in the part a horror and trembling seizes upon the Patient with a languishing and quick-beating pulse and with fainting away or swooning And seeing this Disease doth for the most part happen to the Neck of the Womb so that the part affected may be perceived by the Eye it is discovered to be soft Lead-colored black and carrion like and may be prickt or cut and the Patient never feel it and it sends forth besides a stinking and carrion-like smel As for the Prognostick or Predictions belonging to this Disease It is a most grievous most dangerous Disease and for the most part deadly yet it hath been observed by very many Authors That the Womb being putrefied and Gangrenated hath either fallen away of it self or been cut away the womens lives being saved which Observations of Authors Schenkius hath collected to a great number in the fourth Book of his Observations The Cure is performed with the same Remedies which are wont to be applied to other parts being Gangrenated if it be in the Neck of the Womb or tend toward the outward parts as namely with Scarrifications and washings or bathings with a Decoction of Wormwood Mirrh and such like with the Oyntment called Aegyptiacum the Cataplasm called De Tribus farmis which is thus made Take Barley meal Bean meal and Orobus meal of each two ounces Oxymel one pound Boyl them to the thickness of a Pultiss or Cataplasm Whereunto if there be added meal of Lupines Mirrh Aloes and Wormwood it will be more effectual If any part of the Womb be wholly corrupt and dead it must be cut off or if the Womb fall down it must be separated by binding the Ligature every day faster and closer Of which kind of Operations there be many Examples collected by Schenkius in the fourth Book of his Observations Wierus also relates in his Observations That he cured a woman of twenty five yeers of age who in the hottest of the Dog-daies had a certain little bunch growing in her Water-Gate Whereunto an unskilful Chyrurgion applying Pultisses that were not proper within a few daies all that part began to putrefie grow black and dead and the Disease past on with incredible swiftness towards the Dung-Gate And Wierus undertook the Cure after this Method First he squirted good store of the Juyce of Nightshade and Plantane with a Syringe into both the Passages three or four times a day between which times he applyed a bolster wet with the foresaid Juyces Vinegar being mixed therewith which growing dry was wet again with the same Liquor And in this course of reiterated Application he continued til the fervent heat was quenched and the putrefaction began to cease She took in the mean while thrice every day a Potion of the Decoction of Sorrel Scabious Burnet Damask Prunes the tops of Borrage and Bugloss Marigold flowers with Water Sugar and Vinegar made in the manner of a long acid or sharp Syrup Her Diet was spare but cooling and tart to prevent putrefaction On the third day the fury of the burning heat and of the putrefaction was abated Whereupon he commanded the black and dead flesh to be drawn or plucked out with a little Forceps Chyrurgions Instrument like Tongs or Pincers and separated round about from the live flesh without any pain and so to be cut off Then he consumed the reliques even to the live flesh with the Oyntment called Aegyptiacum And proceeded to cicatrize or bring it to a Scar after the same manner which is used in other Ulcers In the whol course of the Cure care must be had to strengthen the Heart both by things given in and applied outwardly Likewise Emollient Clensing and Refrigerating Clysters are frequently to be given which do much help the part affected by reason of Neighbor-hood Chap. 12. Of the Wombs Wind-and-Water Swelling or Dropsie THe Inflation or blowing up of the Womb with Wind and its Dropsie are by Writers confounded or jumbled together so that they call the Inflation a Dropsie coming of wind whereas the Dropsie properly so called is ingendered by a watery Humor Yet are they distinguished and there is a certain puffing up of the Womb with wind suddenly rushing in and stretching the same and causing vehement pain as in the Chollick which because it continues not but is soon discussed it deserves not the name of a Dropsie and such a puffing up is often seen in Hysterical women which have the Womb-fits There is therefore to be reckoned a two-fold Dropsie of the Womb one from Wind which is like that sort of Belly-dropsie which is termed Tympanitis or the Drum-belly Dropsie another arising from a wheyish Humor answering to the Dropsie of the Belly called Ascites that is the Bottle-belly Dropsie Some add a third sort answering to the third sort of Belly-Dropsies called from its cause Leucophlegmatia that is white-flegm Dropsie which is seldom seen in the course of Practice Yet I have seen a Gentlewoman which in one day voided such plenty of thick flegm out of her womb as might weigh probably six or seven pound weight which flegm long retained might doubtless have caused in her a Dropsie of the womb Wind and water causing a Dropsie of the Womb are contained either within the Cavity of the Womb or in its Membranes or in certain Bladders Touching the Cavity of the VVomb it is somwhat doubted how Wind and Humors can be contained therein seeing there is so easie a Passage through the Neck and Mouth of the VVomb We answer The inner Orifice or Mouth of the VVomb may be closed up divers waies either by thick flegm sticking fast thereunto and growing hard or by a Scirrhus or some other cause Mercatus conceives That a snotty kind of flegm is voided by the mouthes of those Veins which are ordained for the monthly Purgations and that of the said snotty flegm a skin is framed which covers all the inner surface of the VVomb within which thin skin the wheyish and windy Matter is contained But Fernelius thinks That water may be contained in the womb without any thing amiss in its mouth but barely by its constriction or pursing of it self together All these sorts are to be allowed of and may be confirmed by divers Examples And first of all Examples of VVinds contained in the VVomb-Cavity are recited by Sennertus in the Fourth Book of his Practice Part 1. Sect. 2. Chap. 10. The first is taken out of Valescus de Taranta touching a certain Jewish woman of Lisbon who taking her self to be with Child when she expected to be delivered a great quantity of wind came away and so her womb was brought down again The Second is taken out of Mathiolus de
known when the motion thereof ceaseth which either the Mother did feel or the Midwife perceive by hâ—r hand laid on or other warm and strengthening things which were wont to awaken and rouse up the powers thereof when they were in a slumber or stupified Also the Mothers find a greater sense of weight with which and pain of the Belly they are troubled when they turn from one side to another they perceive the Child to roul from one side to another like a Stone The lower part of their Belly feels very cold the native heat being extinguished and those spirits dissipated which were formerly in the Child their Eyes become hollow and troubled their face and Lips are pale their extream parts appear cold and of a Leaden-colour their Duggs become slap and flaggy and at length when the Child rots stinking moistures flow from the Womb like water and blood their belly is blown up with vapours asending thereunto a filthy smell and a stinking Breath comes both out of the Mouthes of such women and from their whol bodies If the After-Birth be excluded before the Child it is a certain token that the Child is dead in the Womb. As to the Prognostick A Child dead in the Womb is a very exceeding dangerous thing and if it be not timely voided forth it is wont to cause Feavers Faintings Dead-sleeps Convulsions and death it self Yet somtimes a Child dead in the Womb may be kept a long time as appears by many stories related by divers Authors which Schenkius hath collected in great number as rare Cases and Sennertus hath transcribed out of him touching many Women which have voided the Bones of Children dead and putrefied in the womb by their Water-gate their Dung-gate and by a Swelling that broke in their Belly I have seen one Woman which voided all the bones of her child by her Navel and her Navel growing afterwards whol again she recovered her perfect health The Cute consists wholly in the Exclusion or Extraction of the Child for seeing great danger of life at ends the Mother so long as the dead Child is in her Womb as soon as ever by the foregoing signs we certainly collect the Child is dead we must make hast to force it out Which is done by the same Remedies which were formerly propounded to hasten the Birth But among them we must chuse out the most strong and effectual whereunto some other things may be added which are yet stronger after this manner Take Leaves of Savin dried round Birth-wort Roots Troches of Mirrh and Castoreum of each one dram Cinnamon half a dram Saffron a scruple Mix all into a Pouder The Dose is a dram in Savin Water Or Take Dictamnus Creticus Savin Borax of each a dram Mirrh Asarum Roots Cinnamon Saffron of each half a dram Mix and make all into a Pouder The Dose is a dram in the foresaid or such like Liquor In the mean time let the Fomentations aforesaid be applied to the Privities the Share and space between the Water and the Dung-Gate adding Briony Roots Roots of wild Cucumer Florentine Orice round Birthwort called Aristolochia rotunda and Broom-flowers After Fomentation anoint the said Parts with Vnguentum de Arthanita or with this following Take Aristolochia rotunda or round Birthwort Coloquintida and Agarick of each one dram Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Wine and Bulls Gall of each two drams With Oleum Cherinum as much as shall suffice Make all into an Oyntment Also let this Pessary be put up into the Womb Take Aristolochia rotunda Orice Root Black Hellebore Coloquintida Mirrh of each one dram Galbanum Opopanax of each half a dram With Ox Gall make all into a Pessary Or this Take Ammoniacum Opopanax Castorium Sagapenum black Hellebore wild Vine round Birthwort Pulp of Coloquintida Scammony of each one scruple Euphorbium one dram With Juyce of Rue Bindweed wild Cucumer and an Oxes Gaul make all into a Pessary Zacutus Lusitanus in Obs â—54 of the Second Book of his strange and Admirable Cures doth testisie that a dead Child in the ninth months growth producing many Symptomes in the Mother was driven out by this Pessary and by help of an Oyly Bath wherein was mixed the Decoction of such Herbs as do open and widen the Passages of the Body A Fumigation of Galbanum or an Asses Hoof may be received by a Funnel into the Womb. If the Matter hang long it will be good the woman being sufficiently strong to give her a purging Medicine whereby evil Humors which in this case are easily collected may be evacuated and the dead Child comequently cast forth Angelus Sala in his Book which he calls Triumphus Emeticorum that is the Triumph of Vomits doth witness That in this case he had often with happy success given four or five grains of Mercurius vitae which doth most powerfully expel the dead Child and excel all other Medicines in that point Which notwithstanding in regard of its vehement working requires great Caution and Discretion in the Physitian that would use it If after Medicines long tried the dead Child cannot be ejected we must implore the Chyrurgions aid Who may pull it out either by Instruments as Paulus Aegineta describes the manner or only help of the hand as is taught by Carolus Stephanus Bauthine and others all which are diligently transcribed by Schenkius and Sennertus Chap. 20. Of the After-birth retained IN a Natural Birth commonly the Secundine is excluded presently after the Child yet somtimes it is retained in the Womb by which means the Mother is in great Danger of her life The internal Causes of this retention are the over thickness of those coats and their too great compactness by which means they cling more fast to the sides of the Womb their being swelled through conâ—luence of humors which is stirred up in a laborious Travel weakness of the Mother caused by hard Labor so that she wants strength to exclude the After-Birth and the shutting up of the Mouth of the womb after the Child is come away But the external causes are the Cold Air by force whereof the Secundine is repelled and the Wombs mouth stopped Certain smells by which the Womb may be enticed upwards or agitated some greivous passion of mind as fear or suddain terror or frowardness of the Childing woman which will not abide in such a posture nor use such endeavours as are necessary to this work the over great weight of the Infant by which the Navil-string is broak unawards and the secundine is left within and the Error of an unexperienced Midwife which cuts the Navil-strings too soon or holds them not fast in her leâ—t Hand as she ought to do for if she let them go they are drawn back into the Womb and there lie hid with the After-Birth which they ought to have holpen to pull out The Tokens of a Secundine retained are needless its apparant of it self yet somtimes a bit thereof is severed from the whol and
and so there is no such fear least they should rush into the Part affected But gentle Vomits are to be used which do only evacuate those Parts which are near the stomach For if they be vehement and draw Humors out of the Veins they may precipitate the said Humors unto the Joynts Then after vomitings purgation must be procured downwards yea and if one purgation will not serve turn it must be repeated After sufficient Purgation it will be very good to procure sweat for so the wheyish matter wil be discussed by the habit of the Body But seeing when the Gout gives its first Onset there happens a kind of boiling and working of the Blood and commonly there is a Feaver hot sudoroficks will not be convenient but only such as are temperate amongst which Sennertus commends Harts-Horn either crude or prepared without burning either alone or with Carduus Water as likewise Antimonium Diaphoreticum In an old Gout without a Feaver a Decoction of China Salsa Parilla ar Sassafras may be given qualified with coolling Herbs as Cichory Endive Sorrel and Or after the Sweat is wiped off it may suffice to give the Patient Chicken-Broth altered with the Herbs aforesaid Martinus Rulandus did use this following Sweating Medicine with happy success Take Tops of Centaury two handfuls Asarum Roots two ounces Boyl them in ten pints of Water to five pints and strain the Liquor Give the Patient eight ounces of this Liquor hot in the morning some daies together and let him sweat upon it But Forestus commends the Roots of the greater Burdock because it cuts discusseth and provokes both Sweat and Urine And he reports that a certain Gouty person that kept his bed and could not stir a Limb drank hot Beer in which the great Burdock Root had been boyled after the drinking whereof when the Physitians could do him no good with all their Medicines he piss'd a great deal of white Matter like Milk and was freed from his pains Hercules Saxonia puts a great many Loaves hot out of the Oven round about the Patients Body by which means Sweat is plentifully procured and the pains removed Also a Decoction of Elder Bay-leaves Sage Rosemary and such like Herbs wil do much good the Patient receiving the vapor of this Decoction in a sweating Tub which wil make the sweat to come lustily Also the Waters of Natural hot Baths do provoke sweat and do readily discuss the Matter contained in the Joynts And therefore when the sick are not able to go unto them their Water is wont to be brought unto them and heated in a Caldron for them to bath in Erastus in his 15. Counsel prefers this above al others for easing the pains but he boyls so much Salt in the Water as gives it an evidently brackish tast In the beginning of the Fluxion of Gouty Humors in the spaces free from Purgations such things must be given as stop the Flux which have been propounded by me in the Cure of an hot Catarrh especially Juleps of Waters or Decoctions and Syrups which do cool and thicken Yea and the truth is We are somtimes compelled to use Narcotick or Stupefactive Medicaments for they both stop the flux of Humors and they mitigate the rage of the pains Of these sort of Medicines new Venice Treacle is most convenient which may often be repeated without danger from half a dram to a dram Unto which may profitably be added a little Bole-Armoniack to stop the flux of Humors Howbeit instead of Treacle Laudanum Opiatum and other Narcoticks may conveniently be substituted After due Evacuations have been celebrated and other things given inwardly which respect the antecedent Cause we must proceed unto local Applications such as mitigate the pain and discuss the contingent Cause Which are not presently to be used before the universal Remedies aforesaid have been first applied for otherwise they are wont to do more hurt than good For either the Matter which Nature intended to drive into the Joynts is driven back into the inner parts of the Body whereby grievous Symptomes are raised or it is forced into the Joynts and the pain is exasperated or the part is effeminated and made lax and so the fluxion is encreased Which Cautions being commonly neglected and external things untimely and heedlesly applyed the Patients receive commonly more hurt than good thereby And those external Medicines do either respect the pain alone or the Cause likewise of the pain viz. The Humor which hath took its course into the part and caused both the pain and Swelling Such things as mitigate pain are very necessary in this case because the extremity thereof weakens the Patient and draws the Humors to the parts affected Furthermore by the use of Anodines the parts are relaxed and the Humor which before did flow into the more deep parts about the Joynt is diffused to the more ambient parts and external Whence it is that the pains of the Gout are most vehement before the part swels but after it is swollen they are mitigated Now there are many Anodine or Pain-charming Medicaments propounded by Authors to be applied to those parts which are troubled with the Gout But the chief are these which follow Luke-warm Milk applied to the part affected by wetting Linnen Cloaths therein and laying them on doth asswage the pain as also if the part be sprinkled and bedewed therewith especially when it comes fresh from the Dug which Amatus Lusitanus doth very much commend in the 41. Cure of his sixt Century in these words One mightily tormented with the Gout caused a shee Goat to be brought into his Chamber and her Milk to be milked out upon his pained Joynt by which he perceived the pains evidently lessened And there is good reason for it For Milk newly milked doth asswage mitigate and lessen pains It is a Medicine commonly used by the Great Turk by you who seek Profit and Honor highly to be prized Of Milk likewise is made the Cataplasm of white Bread Crums boyled therein adding the Yolks of Eggs and a little Saffron Also the Leaves of Henbane or Violets are boyled in Milk or in Vinegar and Water and profitably laid upon the part affected Also a Cataplasm is made of the Pap of Marsh-mallow Roots mingled with Milk Also a Cataplasm is made of the Pulp of Cassia alone or mingled with Oyl of Roses or the following Ingredients Take Crums of white Bread boyled in Milk half a pound Pulp of Cassia three ounces Make them into a Pultiss Or Take the Pulp of Cassia four ounces new Venice Treacle half an ounce Barley and Oaten meal of each three ounces the Crum of white Bread four ounces Cows Milk two or three pints Boyl all into the form of a Pultiss which apply warm to the parts pained If you shall add half an ounce or an ounce of Vitriol calcined and finely poudered you will make it far more excellent In the beginning of the Gout which seizes only the great
Toe lay on this following Take two whites of Eggs a little Salt beaten to Pouder a few drops of Vinegar of Roses Mix all and apply it upon Tow or course Flax to the part affected Other Cataplasms are likewise made of greatest efficacy compounded on this manner Take Water of white Mullein and of Fern Root and Branch of each half a pint calcined Vitriol exquisitely poudered one ounce and an half Meal four ounces Saffron two drams Make all into a Pultiss Take Mallows leaves and Roots as much as you please Boyl them in a new Earthen Vessel with equal parts of Wine and Vinegar till a third part be consumed then ad as much course Rye Bran as will make it into a Pultiss which being well wrought together and spread upon a Linnen Cloth let it be applied to the parts pained as hot as the Patient can endure it Solenander doth exceedingly commend this Pultiss Forestus relates that a Cataplasm made of Duck-weed and Chamomel Flowers boyled in Milk adding a little Barley Meal wil do miracles Montagnana affirms this following to be most excellent in extream pains Take the Yolks of ten Eggs beat them in a Frying Pan with half a pound of Oyl of Roses Let them boyl gently till they grow thick adding two drams of Saffron and lay it on hot In the beginning of the Flux many lay on a Cataplasm of Salt and Soot wrought into a Body with whites of Eggs. Or of two ounces of Chamomel Flowers red Rose Leaves one ounce and an half Mullein flowers half an ounce Pouder them and boyl them in sweet Milk to the stiffness of a Pultiss adding three or four Yolks of Egs. Or of Barley Meal and Bean Meal of each one handful Flowers of Chamomel and Roses of each half a handful Mullein Water and Willow Water or Plantane Water and Wine of each as much as shal suffice Incorporate all together in form of a Pultiss Also divers Fomentations may be made to be applied to the place affected after this manner Take of the Leaves of Mullein six pounds red Wine a Quart Beat the Leaves and stâ—ep them in the Wine for three daies Distil them and bathe and foment the parts affected therewitâ— warm with Linnen Cloaths dipped therein Or Take Flowers of Mullein as much as you please fill a glass Bottle therewith and stop the mouth and set it in the Sun for so they will turn to Liquor which being applied to the part affected with Linnen mitigates the pain Salsaturni that is Salt of Lead dissolved in subtil Spirit of Wine easeth pains wonderfully Frog-spawn-Water stilled in May applied to the parts pained doth wonderfully asswage the pains and tempers the Inflamation and redness of the part These following Simples may profitably be mingled therewith Take Frog-spawn-Water Water of Tapsus Barbatus or of Mullein and of Fern of each one pound and an half Infuse therein Lapis tutiae and Litharge of Gold of each two ounces Vitriol calcined and Allum of each one ounce Foment the pained Parts herewith warm An Infusion of Litharge made in Vinegar the Vinegar being a little evaporated till it grow sweetish doth much good to an hot Gout Oyl of Calves Feet is excellent to allay the pains of the Gout and it is thus prepared Let the Calves Feet be beaten and the Bones broken then boyl them all to a Pap. Take the Oyl which swims on the top of the Water mingle it with Aqua vitae and Salt and therewith bath or anoint the parts pained Also Oyls and Fat 's are by many used But seeing the Inflamation which befals those Members which are troubled with the Gout doth draw very neer the Nature of an Erysipelas or red fiery swelling oftentimes those fat things may do more hurt than good for by stopping the pores they may keep in the Humor and so encrease the pain According as Sennertus makes relation of a man troubled with the Gout who found great good by very new Sheeps-milk Cheese laid upon the pained part for as soon as the Cheese being heated by the pained part began to melt and shed its Butter the pains were encreased Yet in some Bodies Oyl of Roses and such like may do good especially mixed with other Medicaments because according to the different Natures of Mens Bodies several things do good to several persons And therefore we must be furnished with a mighty company of Medicaments that upon al occasions we may have change because there is scarce any one so effectual as to do good to al that are troubled Take these following for an Example or Pattern Take Crum of the whitest Manchet half a pound Boyl it in new Milk to the consistence of a Pultiss then ad of the Mucilage of Marsh-mallow seeds two ounces Meal of Line seed and Fenugreek seed of each two drams Flowers of Chamomel and of Melilot poudered of each one ounce Saffron one dram Oyl of Roses one ounce Mix all into a Cataplasm Or to the Cataplasm of white Bread Crum before described Oyl of Roses may be added Also Liniments and Oyntments are wont to be made to mitigate pain Take Yolks of Eggs two or three dissolve them with Oyl of Roses or Violets or Wine and apply them luke-warm Balsamum Saturni prepared with Oyl of Roses or Violets allaies pain most effectually Take Ceruss two ounces dissolve it in Endive Water and a little Vinegar make thereof a Liquid Oyntment Of the said Ceruss is made a Plaister of great efficacy which may be laid on in the beginning of the Disease even whiles the Tumor and Inflamation is present It s composition is thus Take Common Oyl one pound Wine a pint and an half Boyl them till half the Wine be consumed Then ad a pound of Ceruss finely Poudered and two drams of Camphire Boyl them to the Consistence of an Emplaister When there is great Inflamation Vinegar must be used instead of Wine Spread this plaister upon Linnen Cloathes that it may the more commodiously be wrapped about the Parts affected A Living whelp laid to the pained Part doth very much asswage the pain When the pain rages extreamly we may have recourse to Narcoticks howbeit they must not lie long upon the Part because they are adverse unto the naturall heat and to the nerves Take Henbane Leaves two Handfuls Nightshade and Housleek of each one Handful Garden Poppy-Head one pugil Mandrak Roots one ounce Chamomel Flowers and violet Flowers of each one pugil make a Decoction in Water or Milk with which let the Part be bathed Beat the residue after the Liquor is strained out and add of the Flower of Lin-Seed one ounce and an half Wheat meal two ounces Oyl of chamomel three ounces and make a Pultis Or Take Spirit of Wine somwhat Yellow by infusion of Saffron four ounces camphire one scruple Boyl them a little then dissolve therein one dram of Opium With that Liquor let the pained Part be bathed It is a safe and most effectual Medicine
heated with the Sun Fire or Stove by which means hot air being drawn in with the Breath and received by the Pores of the Body it doth inflame the Spirits Also by Surfetting Drunkenness and especially by over large taking in of Meats and Drinks that are of an hot Nature as Peppered Meats and stroog Wines by which more Vapors are raised than can exhale Also by Retention of hot Excrements and that not only of the Dung and Urine but especially of those Sooty Vapors which are wont to pass through the Pores of the Skin if those Pores be shut up with cold an Alluminous Bath and such like Causes Also this Ephemera Feaver is bred of internal Causes as from a Bubo and other Swellings of the Thighs or Arms especially whiles they break from an hot fiery Swelling of the Extremities of the Body when hot Matter shut up together in one certain place doth offend the Heart not by its putrefaction but heat alone Also by some smal Obstruction of the Vessels by which means the sooty exhalations being retained do cause a Feaver as is wont to happen in Distillations when they arise in hot Natures and a thick habit of Body This Feaver is known both when some of the Causes specified hath gone before and also by a swift frequent and great Pulse breathing frequent and great Headach and Heat there is neither cold nor shaking no sence of weariness nor want of Appetite Yet may there be somtimes a shivering or shaking fit namely when the Feaver is occasioned by the heat of the Sun or by cold Feeling the Patients Hand we find a mild and gentle heat the Urine is concoct like that of one in health unless by some Obstruction or Crudity it be changed It is commonly terminated in the space of twenty four hours with an easie gentle Sweat yet it reacheth somtimes unto the third day which if it pass it degenerates into a simple Synochus a Putrid or an Hectick Feaver For the Cure of this Feaver the Ancients did chiefly use a bath of luke-warm Water which they did also frequently use in their Health But seeing it is in these times out of use neither is it in practice in the Cure of these Feavers Neither is it counted safe in regard of a Plethorick or Cacochymical Constitution of Body Putrefaction or flux of Rheum which may be in such bodies or may be feared wil happen But this Feaver is better cured by a Cooling and Moistening Diet as Barley Cream Cooling Broths Smal Drink and Sugar common Ptisan Drink or Fountain Water with Syrup of Lemmons Maiden-hair mixed there with But the Cure admits some variation according to the Nature of the Cause So if it spring from the Heat of the Sun or Air a cooling Diet is good and the Patient must be conveighed into a cool lodging and Vinegar of Roses must be applied to his Forehead to the Temples and former part of the Head it self if there be pain as commonly there is when the Feaver comes from the heat of the Sun If it come from being in the Cold especially if the Patient being hot with Exercise went presently into the Cold Sweat must be provoked especially towards the end of the Fit If it come from the Skins thickness and closing up of the pores the same Cure must be used and to both these Causes smal Wine very well allaied with Water may be convenient because it opens the pores and helps to sweat If the Disease was caused by Labor the Patient must rest and be nourished more liberally with Meat of easie Digestion If from weariness the Patient must be artificially rubbed Tranquillity of mind and cheerfulness must be opposed to Anger and Choller must be tempered with Meat and Drink of a cooling Nature To Sadness Recreation of the Mind is a Remedy and the use of thin smal Wine If the Feaver was caused by watching let the Patient sleep by application of things convenient If by fasting let the Patient eat cooling Meats of good Juyce If by over eating or drinking let the Patient abstain from Meat and Drink not omitting such things as strengthen the Stomach both inwardly given and outwardly applied also with an Emollient and Laxative Clyster part of the Crudities is to be taken away If Putrefaction be feared Vomit may be procured or a Purge given If the Feaver arise of Obstructions we must consider whether the Patient be Plethorick or Cacochymical viz. Whether the whol Mass of blood be over great or only some bad Humors abound in the blood If the Patient be too ful of blood blood-letting must be advised if evil Humors only abound a Purge must be prescribed And if the Obstruction wil not easily be removed this Feaver changeth into some of the other sorts of Feavers whose Cures shal be described in their proper places Chap. 2. Of the Feaver Synochus Simplex THe Causes of the Feaver Ephemera aforesaid if they light upon a Plethorick Body and thick skinned they cause the Feaver Synochus Simplex Yet may this Feaver arise only from abundance of Blood stuffing the Veins and yielding many Vapors more than can breath through the pores of the Skin This Feaver is known by a thick and swelling habit of Body the color of the Body and Face is ruddy the Head is pained with a stretching or distending kind of pain the Patient is sleepy hath a beating in the Temples is unquiet hath a straitness in the Chest with difficulty of breathing the Pulse is great even frequent full the Veins strut with blood whence a stretching kind of weariness doth proceed the Urine is thick little differing in color from a Natural Urine only somwhat redder the heat is to ones hand mild tempered with a steamy Vapor the Feaver holds an even progress for either it holds one and the same tenor or it lessens by degrees or it encreaseth equally never remitting or ceasing Whence there are reckoned three Differences of this Feaver For that which continually encreaseth is called Epacmastica That which continually decreaseth is called Paracmastica That which keeps one and the same tenor is called Homotonos or Acmastica It lasts til the fourth day and somtimes til the seventh and then it is terminated by bleeding or sweating and if it be further prolonged it degenerates into Synochus Putrida The Cure of this Feaver is performed by blood-letting by cooling and by opening the pores of the Skin Galen in the ninth Book of his Method Chap. 4. cures this Feaver by two Remedies only viz. Letting of Blood til the Patient faint away and by giving a great quantity of Water to the Patient to drink Blood-letting is absolutely necessary in this Disease because it is bred by fulness of blood and a Vein must presently be opened at what hour soever the Physitian is called unless the Patients Stomach be ful of Meat the digestion whereof must be expected for certain hours And although Blood must be plentifully drawn and Galen reports in
the fore-cited place That he cured the most of such as had this Feaver suddenly by letting them bleed til they fainted away which bleeding was attended by a loosness vomiting of Choller and plentiful Sweat Yet in these daies of ours that same large blood-letting is out of date which is not without danger seeing Galen himself relates in his Book of Curing by Phlebotomy Chap. 12. That it besel three Physitians while they were practising this large Blood-letting that instead of fainting away their Patients died out-right It is better therefore at several times to take away so much blood as the Nature of the Disease doth necessarily require Before Blood-letting if the Patient be Costive or the Guts abound with Crudities an Emollient and Laxative Clyster must be given As for the point of cold Water Galen orders it to be given in so great quantity that the Patient grow pale tremble and be cold all over and so he saies it extinguisheth the fiery heat it strengthens the solid parts and drives out unprofitable Humors by stool by urine and by sweat But he saies there must be many Cautions in the use thereof viz. That it be given in the Vigor of the Feaver the signs of Concoction appearing that the Patient have been used to drink cold Water in time of health have strong bowels and full of juyce a fleshy and wel-set Body have a constant and vigorous strength be not full of thick and clammy Humors have no tumor in any bowel nor stomach throat or sinews weak Otherwise if these conditions be wanting it is to be feared lest the Patient fall into shortness of breath Dropsie Trembling Convulsion Lethargy or some other grievous Disease This kind of Medicine is likewise grown out of date in our times seeing it is hard to observe all those conditions and so many dangers attend the undue use thereof For it is better to use other more safe Medicines which cool the whol Body and the Blood as Juleps and opening Emulsions Epithems Liniments and a Diet altogether cooling Juleps are made of the Decoction of Barley or Sorrel or Cichory or with Water of Cichory Endive Sorrel Lettice adding Syrup of Juyce of Cichory Lemmons Pomegranates Vinegar c. Whereunto also for the greater cooling and opening may be added some drops of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur If the distilled Waters seem too crude or raw let them boyl with a little Species Triasantalon or Diamargaritum frigidum Emulsions may be made after this manner Take sweet Almonds blanched and steeped in Rose Water one ounce the four greater cool Seeds and Seeds of white Poppy of each two drams Beat them in a Marble Mortar powring on by little and little a pint and an half of Barley Water In the strained Liquor dissolve Sugar of Roses three ounces Make an Emulsion of Almond Milk for three Doses Which will be convement and is to be preferred before Juleps if there be want of Rest Epithems to be laid upon the Region of the Heart and Liver may be thus made Take Water of Roses Bugloss and Lettice of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum one dram and an half Camphire six grains Make an Epithem lay it upon the Region of the Heart Take Water of Endive Cichory Sorrel of each four ounces Vinegar of Roses an ounce and an half the three Sanders two drams and an half Make an Epithem for the Region of the Liver A cooling Oyntment may be anointed upon the Liver and Loyns of Vinegar of Roses Vnguentum Rosatum Vnguentum Refrigerans Galeni or Ceratum Santalinum washed in Vinegar tempered with Water If the Disease seem to lengthen after bleeding we must purge lest the wheyish and Chollerick Excrements putrefie and thereby a putrid Feaver arise But we must use such Medicines as purge without heating and agitation of Humors as Cassia Manna Syrup of Roses Tamarinds Catholicon and such like Ad hereunto a convenient Diet viz. Cooling moistening and thin of Broths made with cooling Herbs Prunes and sharp Apples boyled and Panadaes Let the Patients Drink be a Decoction of Barley Water boyled and Water with Bread boyled in it or mixed with Syrups of Maiden-hair or of Pomegranates Chap. 3. Of an Hectick Feaver AN Hectick Feaver occupies the solid Parts of the Body which constitute the Habit thereof and are commonly called Spermatical or fleshy in regard of which parts it is more fixed and rooted than other Feavers which are in the Spirits or Humors For which cause it is also termed Habitual because it is become Habitual and can hardly be removed from its subject There are many Divisions of this Feaver For first of all there is a Primary Hectick which begins of it self and another Secondary which follows other Feavers Secondly an Hectick Feaver is simple and solitary or joyned with a putrid Feaver Thirdly some Hecticks begin at the Heart others from other Parts as the Lungs Liver Spleen Kidneys Womb and other Parts inflamed ulcerated corrupted or possessed with some other grievous Disease And this Feaver though it have its habitual seat in the Heart and the whol Body yet is it commonly termed Symptomatical because of its first Original which it hath from other parts Galen makes three Degrees of an Hectick Feaver The first is the very beginning of an Hectick in which the Body is hardly extenuated yet the moist Humidity of the Body is inflamed consumes and dries The second comprehends the Augment and therein is an evident extenuation of the Body the fleshy and fat substance of the Body perishing The third contains the state of the Disease and its last age for it never comes to a declination because therein viz. in that degree it is incurable for then the fibrous and membranous substance of the Body is consumed and the whol Body is so extenuated that the Face of the Patient is like that described by Hippocrates nothing but skin and bone This last Degree is called Marasmus or rather Hectica Marasmodes because in a true Marasmus cold is joyned with dryness The Causes of an Hectick Feaver are divided into an Internal and External To the External are referred what ever Causes may occasion any of the other Feavers if the Action of Heating be continual and vehement or the Patients Body be apt to entertain this kind of Feaver Such are the heat of the Sun or of the Fire vehement Exercise Meats and Drinks that are heating immoderate Evacuations as in a Loosness and bloody-flux vehement passions of Mind and finally fasting in a Chollerick Body that is hot and dry of Constitution seeing Galen affirms that those Physitians that were wont to enjoyn their Patients to fast three daies together did bring Chollerick Constitutions by that means into burning and hectick Feavers The Internal Causes are burning and pestilential Feavers which do speedily consume the moisture of the Heart also a long slack Feaver Also some peculiar Disease of any of the bowels
which Cause Galen sent those that had consumptions of their Lungs to the Mount Tabias where the Air was more dry than ordinary The Meates of the Patient must be cooling and moistening and quickly nourishing as Chicken-Broaths and Broaths of Hens Capons Veal Kid Wether Mutton Yolks of Eggs with French Barley Lettice Purselane Endive Borrage Sorrel The flesh of Calves Kidds Piggs Pheasants Partriches Young Hares and such like Panadaes Barly Cream Water-Gruel Rice-Pottage with Sugar and a few Almonds or rather with the greater cooling Seeds Boyled Meats are fitter than Roasted which are sooner Inflamed and turned to Choller the boyled do more moisten But if the Patient be more delighted with Roast-Meats they must be very moderately Roasted and tempered afterwards with Juyce of Lemmons Citrons Orenges or of unripe Grapes without Salt Fishes may be eaten because they cool and moisten but such as are taken out of stony places are to be preferred and such as have a tender friable flesh haunting the Sea or Pure Waters Among fruits Apples are commended because they breed cold Blood also Pears are convenient Damask Prunes and French Prunes boiled in Sugar also Raisons clensed which being prepared after this following manner do nourish the body without heating Take Raisons of the Sun clensed one Pound Let them be tempered in endive bugloss and Rose-Water and very diligently washed that the Laxative power may be taken away Afterward let them be lightly boyled in the same Waters adding a little Sugar wherewith let them be preserved for use let the Patients take of them in the mornings and allwaies after Meat And because Persons that are Hectical have the Feaverish heat fixed in the solid Parts of their bodies by which the Nutriment is easily and suddainly consumed and disâ—ipated therefore Practitioners are wont to prescribe unto them Meats solid and of a clammy substance as the Feet of Living Creatures The flesh of Snails Crabbs Tortoises and of Froggs For seeing these sorts of flesh are moist and clammy they easily adhere unto such Parts of the body as want nourishments neither are they easily consumed by the Feaverish heat and so they hinder the drying up of the solid Parts of the body Yet some do reject these Meats because hard of digestion and troubleâ—om to the stomach But this difference is thus reconciled In the beginning of an Hectick while the digestive faculty is yet strong these thick and clammy nutriments are convenient but in a confirmed Hectick they are not to be given because hard to digest Add hereunto that they may be so prepared and qualified as that they may easily be digested as by being boyled to a gelly or giving only what is strained out of them being beaten into a mash Among other things the land Tortoises are mightily praised for an Hectick not only for a single Hectick but when Joyned with a Consumption and they are prepared divers waies For either they are boyled in Water till they are dissolved then casting away the shells the flesh is separated from the bones and boyled again with Cichory Sorrel Borrage French barley and prunes in a single Hectick but in an Hectick of the Lungs it is Boiled with Bramble Leaves Purslain and Plantan Let the Patient drink the broath and eat the Flesh twenty daies together Or the Juyce is pressed out of the Flesh being beaten Or little Loaves are made of the Flesh of the Tortoises boiled in Barley Water with sweet Almonds pine kernells the cooling Seeds and Sugar Which are lightly baked in an Oven and are given the Patient at Dinner and Supper They may be thus made Take of the Flesh of Land-Tortoise Boyled in Barly-Water four ounces sweet Almonds steeped in Rose-water six ounces Pine-Kernells so steeped two ounces of the four greater cool Seeds of each one ounce Annis Seed not Poudered but lightly baked in an Oven one dram and an half Cinnamon two drams Sugar dissolved in Rose-Water to the Quantity of all the rest Make thereof little Morsells Instead of Tortorises the Flesh of a Capon is used and of a Partridg and March-Pane is made thereof good to restore Hectick Persons after this Manner Take Pulpe of a Capon and Boyled Partridg of each three ounces sweet Almonds steaped in Rose-Water four ounces Pine-Kernells one ounce and an half Seeds of white Poppy two drams Gum Arabickand Traganth of each one dram and an half Pearled Sugar Cakes two ounces with a little Rose-Water make a March-pane and gild it with Gold To such as have weak stomachs Gellies broaths and Restorative stilled Waters are given A Gelly may be made after this Manner Take a choise Capon a Knuckle of Veal or a Wethers Thigh two Calves Feet or six Wethers Feet Boyl all in fountan Water till it be â—ufficiently wasted Strain and squeese out the Juyce and Broath and take off the Fat. In the strained Liquor dissolve a pound of white Sugar six whites of Eggs a little saffron or Cinnamon Stir them together let them Boyl lightly and strain them through an Hippocras bag twice or thrice At length put it into Porrengers or other Vessels in which it will become a Gelly If the tast of Saffron or Cinnamon be displeasing or you desire to have your Gelly more cooling add instead thereof the Juyce of a Lemmon or of one Citron Restorative Broths may be made divers waies this is far the best of all which follows Take a well fleshed Capon pull draw and cut him in pieces and take away the fat and skin add if you please some Veal or Weather Mutton cut into bits and freed from the Fat Put them into a stone Vessel well glazed in which about the middle there must be a grate of Wood or other materials on which the pieces aforesaid must be so laied that they may not come at the bottom Then cover the Pipkin with its cover and close it up well with paste and let it stand in boyling Balneo Mariae five hours There will drop into the bottom a cleer transparent Liquor of which three of four spoonfuls may be given in Broth or by it self three or four times in a day Such Distillations of Flesh by Descent are very convenient for Hectical Persons but those that are made by Ascent although they refresh the Spirits yet do they very little nourish neither do they restore the solid substance of the Body Let the Patients Drink be Barley Water either by it self or with Syrup of Vinegar or Pomegranates mingled therewith or Water in which a piece of Bread hath been boyled sweetened with a little Sugar But if the Patients Stomach be very weak weak Wine wel allaied with Water may be allowed which helps the concoction and distribution of Nourishment Galen Meth. 10. Chap. 5 6. gives cold Water with which he boasts he had saved many from the Marasmus Howbeit great Caution is to be used in the giving thereof for when the Body is very much pined away it is to be seared lest the smal
thick and clammy humors abound the Syrup of Vineger will be very profitable in stead of those last named Also somtimes Conserve of Roses Violets or Borrage is wont to be mingled with cleer Water boyled with Barley Water and to be strained through an Hippocras bag for ordinary drink unto which some drops of spirit of Vitriol may profitably be added Or a Tincture of Roses is made after this manner most delightful in colour and in tast Take Red Roses one ounce Bloodwarm Water three pints spirit of sulphur or Vitriol one dram and an half Let them stand infusing cold for three or four hours To the strainings add white Sugar four ounces Rose-Water half a pint Make thereof a clear Julep for ordinary drink Also Julepus Alexandrinus is very good and extream pleasant It is thus made Take Fountain Water one pint Rosewater Juyce of Lemmons and white Sugar of each four ounces Boyl them over a light fire till you have taken away the Scum As for other things pertaining to Diet Sleep is extream good and watchings bad Yet over much Sleep doth overwhelm the natural heat and hinder the Evacuation of excrements Rest is necessary in acute Feavers but in long Feavers light and gentle exercise is good Also we must endeavor that nothing be retained which ought naturally to be expelled howbeit al immoderate Evacuations which exhaust the strength are to be stopped and al vehement Perturbations of mind must be turned out of Doors Among manual Operations Blood-letting holds the cheifest place for it doth not only diminish plenitude whether it be a simple fulness so as to stretch the Vessels or only a fulness with reference to the strength of the Patient whether it be in the whol body or in some Part but also revels the influx of Humors Causing obstructions cools the whol body and makes it perspicable keeps back putrefaction and furthers the concoction of putrefying Humors Presently therefore and at the beginning of the Disease blood must be drawn unless weakness hinder as in the Swooning Feaver and other like Cases and that after the Belly hath been loosened with a Clyster or a Suppository How much blood should be taken it gathered from the Patients strength from the greatness of the Pleâ—hora Custom of the Patient to bleed or not to bleed and other circumstances The Antients in the Synochus Putrida and the burning Feaver did let blood til the Patient fainted away But it is much more safe as we have said in the Cure of a simple Synochus to take away at several times so much as shall be sufficient then suddenly to put the Patient in danger of death Avicenna in a burning Feaver and in a continual Tertian doth forbid letting blood unless the Urine be thick and red For he fears lest Choller should be the more inflamed which he saith is bridled by Blood But the wiser Physitians do explode this Opinion of his seeing these kind of Feavers are often terminated even by Nature her self by bleeding at the Nose and they do somtimes cause Frenzies and other Inflamations and finally because Blood-letting doth potently refrigerate doth rather stop than further the Ebulition or boyling and working of the Blood and Choller comes away as wel as Blood when a Vein is opened so that in that Mass of Blood which is in the greater Veins remaining there is the same proportion of blood to Choller which there was before Nay verily when a Vein is opened if the sick party be any thing lusty and the blood flow amain only the putrid Blood which is offensive to Nature is voided the purer remaining in the Veins which few Authors have taken notice of although it be in the course of Practice every where observable For if the Blood flow out of the Vein drop by drop it is the purest Blood because it comes out of the Vein by its own proper motion But if it spring out with a forceable stream it appears foul and corrupted Nature expelling the worser part of the Mass of Blood Howbeit Blood is more sparingly to be taken from such as are of a very Chollerick Constitution in the middle of Summers Heat and the Dog-Daies than in other Natures and times But in Flegmatick and Melanchollick Feavers Blood must be taken away in lesser quantity and evermore great regard is to be had to Coindicants and Contraindicants forasmuch as Quotidian Feavers do for the most part happen unto Children or old Persons in cold Countries and cold Seasons of the yeer which considerations do lessen the Quantity of Blood which otherwise the Disease or its Cause require should be taken away When the Feaver is caused by over much labor blood must be taken away more sparingly If a Feaver happen by over great use of Carnal Embracements Blood-letting is pernicious Concerning the time of Blood-letting it is to be noted That a Vein must not be opened presently after the Patient hath eaten but after Digestion is past and after the Patient hath been at stool Again Blood is to be let when the Feaver is most remiss and not in the vigor thereof for then Nature is not able to bear both the violence of the Disease and the loss of Blood As for the repletion of Blood-letting if the same be necessary to cause Evacuation it must be repeated the same day if for Revulsions sake on another day For where Evacuation is necessary especially in acute Diseases the Body must be suddenly changed into another condition also it often happens that a Disease is quickly past its first time or beginning so that afterward we cannot so conveniently open a Vein But in Revulsion we have respect to the motion of the Humors which is then best ordered when it is done at divers times some space being interposed whereby Nature becomes accustomed to a contrary motion For in the space between Bleedings the Blood which was shed into the parts regurgitates into the Veins and by another Blood-letting is profitably drawn forth We understand that Blood-letting must be iterated if that blood which was first drawn forth were very much corrupted and there is reason to think that there is yet a great quantity thereof abiding in the Veins Yea verily Although the Blood at first seem pure and uncorrupted yet must we not desist from taking the same away but continue so doing until it appear more impure and corrupted And truly that Precept delivered by Hippocrates in his 4. de Victus Rat. in Morbis acutis in the Cure of a Pleutisie may very profitably be observed in acute Feavers viz. That Blood-lettings be so long continued til the blood change color so that if at first corrupt blood come away we must let it run till it appear more pure and on the other side if at the first the blood appear laudable we must suffer to flow til that which is impure and corrupted be come away Yet is there some diversity to be observed in both Cases For if at first good
Restorative Broths with Juyce of Pomegranates sowr Grapes Pouders of Corals Pearls shavings of Ivory Sanders or Baulaustians Juleps of the Waters of Roses Lettice Purslain with Syrup of Pomegranates dryed Roses or Quinces Conserved Electuaries of Conserve of Roses Corals Pearls Terra Sigillata pouders of Diamargaritum frigidum and such like AN APPENDIX In the Cure of most acute and pernicious Feavers one thing is diligently to be noted that such Feavers seldom happen without some inward and peculiar disorder and commonly Inflamations of some of the inward Bowels as Liver Spleen c. So that we must evermore be careful of the Parts under the short Ribs of the Head the Breast the Womb Reins and Bladder that by al means possible we may hunt out which of those is much out of order and as much as may be restore the same to its Natural Constitution Chap. 3. Of a Tertian Ague AN Ague or Intermittent Tertian Feaver is caused by an Excrementitious Chollerick Humor contained in the first Region of the Body and there putrefying A Tertian Ague is either Legitimate and Exquisite or Illegitimate and bastard A Legitimate or Exquisite Tertian Ague is terminated in twelve hours and is caused by the putrefaction of Natural Choller But a bastard Tertian hath fits that last above twelve hours But if it exceed twenty four hours it is termed Tertiana extensa a stretched Tertian And it is caused either by Preternatural Coller putrefying or by Natural Choller mingled with other Humors especially with flegm Also Tertian Agues are Simple or Double or Triple A Simple Tertian is that whose Fits come every other day A Double Tertian is that whose Fits come every day And although herein it differ not from a Quotidian or every day Ague yet they are known one from the other by their proper Signs shewing the abundance of Flegm or Choller in the Patient of which Signs in their place Somtimes notwithstanding in a double Tertian there are two fits in one day the other day remaining free and this some latter Physitians do call two Tertians and make it to differ from a double Tertian Which Distinction notwithstanding is of smal moment A Triple Tertian is when there are three fits in the compass of two daies This is a most rare and seldom seen sort of Feavers Yet Galen propounds one single Example thereof and I saw another in the yeer 1637. in a certain Gentleman who once in sixteen hours had a fit of a Tertian Ague And all the fits did every one of them terminate in the space of ten or twelve hours by sweat Now these divers Paroxysms are made by a different matter putresying in different places so that each one hath as it were its peculiar Chimney where it is first kindled Now the Humors causing Tertian Agues are collected chiefly in the first Region of the Body viz. In the Liver the bladder of Gall the Stomach the Mesentery the Pancreas or in the Veins of those Parts Their Causes are all such things which ingender Excrementitious Choller viz. An hot and dry distemper of the Spleen youthful Age Hot Constitution of the Air Watchings Cares Anger Fastings use of hot Meats over much Exercise To these are added for the breeding a bastard Tertian such Causes as engender Flegm and Melancholly Hereupon such as have hot Livers and by Glutinous and bad Diet do breed many Crudities are subject to bastard Tertians by reason of the mixture of Choller with crude Humors And hence also it is that in Summer time crude Humors bred through weakness of the Natural Heat by eating of Fruits and over much drinking being mixed with Choller do breed bastard Tertians The Signs to know an Exquisite Tertian by are these That this Feaver alwaies begins with great shaking Fits whereas in a Quotidian Feaver or Ague there is only a light shivering or coldness After the cold shaking Fit follows great Heat sharp and biting Intollerable Thirst great and frequent breathing want of Sleep Head-ach and somtimes Ravings After the shaking fit somtimes there follows a vomiting of Chollerick Humors or a purging by Stool The Urine is somtimes Yellow Yellowish-Red or Red. The Fits last not above twelve hours and they are terminated by Sweat Also the Causes fore-cited breeding Choller have preceded In a bastard Tertian all the foregoing Signs are more remiss than they are in an Exquisite one but more intense than in a Quotidian Ague And according as there is more or less flegm mingled with the Choller the Fits come neerer to those of an Exquisite Tertian or of a Quotidian but in respect of the vehemency of the Symptoms and the length of the Fit it self So that the Paroxysms of a bastard Tertian may be lengthened out to sixteen eighteen or more hours Although they may be somtimes shorter because of the paucity of the Matter and be terminated within the space of eight ten or twelve hours The Prognostick of this Disease is taken out of Hippocrates in Sect. 4. Aph. 59. Exquisite or exact Tertian Agues last but for seven fits at most And in Aphor. 43. of the same Section All Intermitting Feavers are void of danger Which is to be understood only of such Tertians as are void of all malignity For there are Malignant and Pestilent Tertians which though they have evident Intermissions yet do they often kill the Patients Furthermore many things fall upon the Neck of a Tertian which may breed danger although the Feaver of it self be not dangerous Haly writes and common Experience shews That if such as are sick of a Tertian Ague have Ulcers Scabs or Pustles breaking out in their Lips it is a token the Ague wil leave them For it is a kind of Critical Evacuation in those parts A Loosness befalling one that hath a Tertian Ague the matter being digested ends the Disease And this is the way by which alone Nature doth perfectly expel the Cause of these Feavers For seeing the Original Cause of these Feavers is contained in the Gall-Bladder or the Liver or the Mesentery and other Parts in the first Region of the Body although that which steems and vapors therefrom in every fit do get into the habit of the Body and is purged away either by Sweats or by insensible Transpiration or by Pushes and Pimples yet the gross parts and setlings of the Humor abiding in their place which unless by the benefit of Nature or Medicaments it be purged away by stool it is wont to be the Cause either of a long Ague or of Obstructions or of a Relapse or of other stubborn Diseases Agues are wont to be of smal durance and little danger if the habit of the whol Body be good if the bowels be wel affected if it be Spring or Summer if the Patient eat little and drink sparingly And contrary wise they are wont to be long and more rebellious if there be an evil disposition of the Liver or Spleen if the Patient abound with flegmatick Humors or
the weight of all the rest Make of all a Pouder divide it into three parts Give the Patient one part before the fit in white Wine Quercetanus in his Dispensatory doth exceedingly commend Camillus his Pils of Sagapenum of which he gives only one at the beginning of the fit for divers daies together and a little after he anoints their Back-bone with a Liniment composed of Treacle Aqua vitae Oyl of Bays or of Spike And two or three hours after the Pils are taken he gives Broth with opening Roots Borrage Bugloss Time and an odoriferous Apple boyled in it Now those anointings of the Back-bone are very good to mitigate the cold fit and must often be used although the foresaid Pils are not used For they are frequently useful when the shaking fits are vehement and importunate And these Anointings are made not only with the foresaid but with very many other Medicaments as with Oyl of Dill Chamomel Orice Costus Rue the Peppers and other hot things with Aqua vitae Treacle Cloves Castoreum Mustard seed Pepper and other things mixed therewith Now these Liniments are more effectual if the back-bone be anointed therewith by the fire-side an hour before the coming of the fit and the sick party be presently thereupon conveighed to a hot bed and hot Tiles sprinkled with odoriferous Wine and wrapped in Linnen Cloths be applied to the Soals of the Feet and Palms of the Patients Hands While the aforesaid Medicaments are used a special care must be had of the Spleen because that part is alwaies affected in this Disease And therefore those Medicaments which ordinarily are prescribed for Obstructions of the Spleen viz. Fomentations Liniments and Plaisters Yea verily and somtimes a Bath of luke-warm Water after many Evacuations have been celebrated is good not only to mollifie the Spleen but also to moisten the whol body and to further the Coction of the morbifick matter The bath may be used on the daies of intermission giving diligent heed that it be no other than luke-warm For if it should be hotter it is to be feared lest the Humors being thereby dissolved should run on a sudden into divers parts of the Body and breed dangerous very dangerous Imposthumes Finally Such things as are wont to be laid to the Wrists are not to be neglected seeing Authors of good account do make some reckoning of them For Rondeletius affirms That he hath used this following Medicament with great success Take Leaves of Elder Sage Doves-foot Rue of each half a handful Marigolds a third part a handful of Salt and a little Wine Beat all together and apply to the Wrists before the Fit Crato applies the Roots of Nettles being beaten and moistened or steeped in Vinegar to the Arteries of the Wrists and of the Feet And Sennertus relates that a certain Citizen having had a Quartan Auge the whol Autumn and VVinter and at last being afflicted with most sharp pains in his left shoulder by the perswasion of a certain woman he applied Crowfoot to his wrist which raised a Push and freed him both from his pain and Feaver A Bastard Quartan is cured with the same Medicines in a manner which have been propounded for the Cure of a Tertian adding to the Decoction of Juleps and Apozems such things as do peculiarly regard Melancholly adust Whereunto may be added al the more temperate and less heating Medicaments which have hitherto been propounded for a Legitimate Quartan In the beginning therefore it is good to use Borrage Bugloss Fumitory Hops Sorrel Cichory Ceterach Scolopendria Agrimony and Odoriferous Apples Whose Decoctions distilled Waters and somtimes their clarified Juyces may be prescribed in the form of a Julep an Apozeme or Magistral Syrup But in the Progress of the Disease it will be good to add unto the Simples aforesaid the Bark of Capar Roots of Tamarisk Enula Campana Polypodie and Wormwood While the Patient useth these Preparatives Purgatives are frequently to be interposed which are to be given the Day before the Fit and to be repeated twice a Week To which Intent Various Forms may be prescribed But for such as are Delicate a Laxative Ptisan Syrupus de Pomis Saporis or the Broth of a Chicken qualified with Borrage Bugloss Pimpernel and three drams or half an ounce of Senna may profitably be given Blood-letting in the beginning must not be omitted and so such quantity of blood must be taken away as shal correspond unto the Quantity and Quality of Blood and to the Age and Constitution of the Patient If the Disease prove long when the fervor of the blood is abated Vomits may profitably be administred especially to such Patients as are troubled with Stomach-sickness and Vomitings in the beginning of their Fits Among Vomitories good for a Quartan Asarum as was said before is the principal being given to the quantity of a dram in white Wine and divers times repeated if the Disease shal not after once or twice giving be discussed Hereunto ad fomentations and liniments applied to the parts under the short ribs to correct the evil disposition of the bowels which continually affords new matter for the fits and to soften and make thin the fast setled and impacted Humors which may be prescribed after this manner Take Roots of Marsh-mallows of Lillies of Enula campana Barks of capar Roots and the middle rind of Tamarisk of each one ounce Leaves of Mallows of Marsh-mallows of Pellitory of the wall of Borrage Bugloss Pimpernel Wormwood of each one handfull Lin-seed and Parsly seed of each an half ounce flowers of Chamomel Melilot and Dill of each one pugil make a decoction in three parts of water and one of white wine added towards the end With which decoction foment the Hypochondria twice a day far from meals Take Ointment of Marsh-mallowes one ounce and an half Oyl of Lillies Chamomel Roses and Wormwood of each an half ounce make al into a Liniment which must be used after the fomentation Or Oyls alone may profitably be applied to the same Parts laid on with wool And finally a bath of warm water either alone or with emollient and qualifiing things boiled therein or of Barly and Almonds as is usual will be very convenient to cure this disease For it corrects the distemper of the bowels rectifies the heat and dryness of black Choller mollifie that which is hard opens the passages and widens them and digests crude Humors Wherefore the frequent use thereof will be most convenient using the caution before specified Now the operation thereof will be exceedingly advanced if preparative Medicaments and such as open obstruction be given to the patient upon entrance into the bath Among which the chief is a decoction of Wormwood and Enula Campana which is exceeding good to digest all contumacious Humors provided the over great heat of the Bowels do not disswade the use thereof In which case it may be tempered by the mixture of other things fore recited And while these things
present remedy against poisons and drives them out of the body by sweat or insensible transpiration And they Conceive that Plant to be the Common ordinary food of Those beasts in which the Bezoar stone is found and that the stone hath its vertue primarily from thence A scruple or half a dram of this Root poudered may be given in Carduus matter or other medicaments Mendererus cries up this following pouder Take Sugar Candy three drams white-ginger two drams Camphire one dram Make al into a pouder the dose one dram in some convenient liquor But the Author doth advise that in great paines of the head or stomach Camphire is warily to be used which yet he highly commends in pestilential diseases and avouches that seasonably given il doth more good than the most precious bezoardick medicaments I conceive the pouder is too hot because of the Ginger and I have Composed this following in imitation thereof Which I have vsed with happy success Take mineral Bezoar three drams Sal prunella two drams Camphire one dram Make of all a pouder Give one dram at a time in Carduus water or som other convenient Liquor Pouders may likewise be made of the fragments of precious stones whose vertues many deride others as much admire so that from the times of the Arabian Physitians to our days many compositions are prepared of them in the shops as Electuarium de Gemmis Confectio de Hyacintho But in pestilential and venemous diseases many have extolled the great vertu of the Smaragd amongst the rest Avenzoar Mindererus and Zacutus Lusitanus Avenzoar 2 Teisir tract 1. Cap. 5. That himself being poysoned was thereby cured Mindererus Lib. de Pestilentia Cap 15. Relates that to a woman in a Pestilential Feaver who abhorred al Physick he gave the following Pouder which she might easily swallow haveing neither tast nor smel which when shee had taken the conbustions of cruel symptomes being allaied and the disease turning to health she was cured Take of the Smaragd stone prepared East-india Bezoar of each six grains Hyacinth prepared three graines mix them Make of all a pouder for one Dose And Zacutus Lusitanus relates that a Portugal Gentleman haveing through poyson fallen into a loosness and a Consumption from which no abstersives astringents or Antidotes could free him he was cured only by the Smaragd the pouder whereof to the quantity of twelve graines he tooke every other day in conserve of quinces and when he had taken it five times he was cured of his Loosness The Physitians of Mountpelier doe use in this Feaver as a most profitable Antidote no ways heating the Troches of Vipers which are usually prepared as an ingredient into Andromachus Treacle which they give from one scruple to half a dram in cordial waters or Juleps Yet the flesh of vipers were better being dried which hath no venemous quality as people imagine but is rather a potent Antidote which is much abated by boiling for it is boiled in water to make the troches So that we see greater effects wrought only by the heart and Liver of vipers being dryed without any other preparation The Alexipharmick Medicaments of the third Tribe viz. The Diaphoreticks and sweaters must be given only in the state or declination of the disease as was said before which is to be understood when they are given in a feaver simply malignant or spotted for in the true Plague they must be used at the very beginning that the venemous qualitie which would quickly kill the Patient may be suddenly and potently opposed and the malignant vapors discussed Yea verily and in simple malignant Feavers if the venemous quality seem to be greater than the putrefaction they are likewise to be given at the beginning in small quantity making choyce of such as are least hot mixing them with Juleps and other cooling medicines formerly precribed Now of these Diaphoretick medicaments there are divers degrees for som are more hot as Angelica Zedoary Dictamnum Treacle Mithridate Treakle water which are never to be given when the heat of the Feaver is at the highest but only when the same is much abated and when the signs of malignity do very much prevail But others are less hot as Scabious Carduus Mead-sweet Scordium which may safely be given though the Feaver be in it's height And these distinctions are carefully to be observed in practice and as for the formes of particuliar medicaments every Physitian can vary them according to the different degree of the Feaverish Heat and of the Malignitie But I shall here discribe such as are most effectuall Take water of Mead-sweet and Carduus of each two ounces juice of Lemmons one ounce old Treakle half a dram two scruples or one dram according as the fear of heating the Patient is more or less Mix al into a potion give it warm and cover the patient somwhat more than ordinary if there be great vehemency of symptoms new Treakle wil be more convenient because of the vigor of the Opium by means of which the vehemency of the symptoms will be allaied and the boyling of the Humors wil be restrained yea and somtimes when it seems unconvenient to use Treakle as in the beginning of the disease especially Laudanum Opiatum given to two grains mingled with Antidotes do much good For by the Narcotick and congealing power thereof those fervent Spirits so vexatious to the Heart are as it were fixed and the morbifick matter which is most pernicious while it is in motion is thereby stopped and remains in a manner unmoveable whence it comes to pass that Nature not being provoked by the malignant humors and spirits recollecting her strength doth more easily apply unto her self the vertu of Antidotes Aqua theriacalis seems fit to be preferred before Treacle it self For seeing it is exceeding thin and spiritous it doth more easily and suddenly peirce into and pass through the whol body and Cause sweat And because there are many descriptions of Treacle water their dose ought to differ according as they are compounded of Simples more or less healing I shal in this place propound the chief And first of al the Treacle water of Bauderon is most excellent because it is exceeding temperate For there goes no other Liquor thereinto than Vineger and Juyce of Lemmons by which the hot Ingredients are very much tempered and therefore it may be given from half an ounce to an ounce in Sudorofick decoctions or waters And although this is less heating than any of the rest prescribed by divers other Authors yet have I invented another easily made which is more cooling and does no less oppose the Feaver than the malignant quality and may consequently be used in the whol course of the disease at any period thereof It s composition is as followeth Take twelve fresh and juycie Lemmons Take away the bark or rind and the seeds and press out the fuyce and ad thereunto the said rindes and seeds and three pints of
Oyl of Nuts new drawn without fire mixed well with a like quantity of rose-Rose-water till they come to the form of a Liniment is excellent for the same purpose If by neglecting the Remedies aforesaid or through the extream malignity of the Humor there remain Pits and Pock-holes all diligence must be used to repair the same Which notwithstanding is extream hard to do perfectly although many have taken great pains thereabout to gratifie Virgins and other Women who are exceeding careful to preserve their Beauties Among infinite Medicines recorded by Authors to this intent I shall propound the choisest And in the first place Oyl of Eg-yolks does nourish and engender Skin and therefore is very convenient to fill the Pock-holes Wethers Suet fresh and new melted and done out with a Fether is effectual to the same purpose But the filthyness of Pock-holes is much amended if they be washed first with Yarrow-Water or Cows-dung-water distilled in May and then anointed with Mans-Grease Forestus does much magnifie this following Oyntment Take Oyls of sweet Almonds and white Lillies of each one ounce Fat of a Capon three drams Pouder of Peony Roots of Orice and Lytharge of Gold of each ten grains Sugar-Candy one scruple Mingle al well in a warm Mortar strain them through a Cloth and noint the Pock-holes therewith morning and night And afterwards let them be well washed with Water distilled out of Calves-feet and when that is not at hand use the Water of Yarrow in stead thereof Neither must I omit that which many Practitioners do teach viz. That when the Pocks be ripe they must be bored through with a golden or a silver Needle least the Quittor tarrying long in them should leave holes in the part Which Practice is notwithstanding now in a manner grown out of use since Experience has taught that the Pocks being bored are longer in healing and doth longer hold their Crusts because of the Weakness of Natural Heat caused in the Part by boring whereby more deformed Scars are left behind And therefore it is better to abstain from this boring and to commit the evacuation of the Quittor to Nature alone To conclude this Cure I shall subjoyn how those dispositions of Itching and Exulceration which happen to persons that have the small Pocks may be remedied And in the first place When the small Pocks come forth or when they begin to ripen somtimes an huge pain or Itching does afflict the Patients especially in the Palms of the Hands and Soales of the Feet because the thickness of the Skin in those parts hinders the Eruption of the Pocks Which Symptom you shall help if you cause those parts to be held in hot Water or Foment them a long time with an Emollient Decoction But when there is great Itching in the Face which compels the Patients to scratch whence great deformity and foul Scars follow use this following Remedy Take leaves of Pellitory of the Wall one handful Flowers of Chamomel and Melilote of each half a pugil Boil them in a pint of Scabious Water To the strained Liquor ad three ounces of Honey-suckle Water With this Liquor hot often let the Itching Pocks be moistened by dipping a thin Rag or Cotton Wool therein and so applying the Liquor gently to them Now the Ulcers which arise from deep and malignant Pocks are to be cured with Vnguentum album Rhasis or with an Oyntment of Lead made after this manner Take Calcined Lead two ounces Litharge one ounce Ceruss washed and Vinegar of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses three ounces Honey of Roses one ounce Three Yolks of Egs Myrrh half an ounce Wax as much as shall suffice Make all into an Oyntment FINIS A PHYSICAL DICTIONARY Expounding such words as being terms of Art or otherwise derived from the Greek and Latin are dark to the English Reader This Dictionary is of use in the reading of all other Books of this Nature in the English Tongue LONDON Printed by Peter Cole in Leaden-Hall and are to be sold at his Shop at the sign of the Printing-press in Cornhil 1655. A Physical Dictionary A A Pophlegmatisms Medicines drawing flegm out of the Head Agaricktrochiscated See the London Dispensatory in English Apozeme A Medicine made of the Broth of divers Herbs and other Ingredients unto which somtimes certain Syrups are added Animal Faculties The Powers of Hearing Seeing Smelling Tasting Feeling of Imagination Understanding Memory Will Going Standing and all Voluntary Motion Aranea Tunica The Cobweb-Coat or Tunicle Abdomen The Belly or Paunch Apoplectick Water Good for the Apoplexy Autumn Harvest the Fall of the Leaf Actual Heat is Heat that may be felt by the hand such as is in Fire and all things heated thereby or in the Body of one in a Feaver It is oppoied to Potential Heat viz. That cannot be felt by the Hand as the Heat in pepper in Mustard seed in a Flint in unslaked Lime and the contrary of Actual Cold. Affected Troubled Diseased An Affect a Disease Trouble Disorder Aquae Acidulae The Spaw Waters like those of Epsam Barnet and Tunbridg with us Absurdities Unreasonable things Acrimony Sharpness such as in Mustard Pepper and in divers Humors of the Body which cause sickness Ascent Going up Apply lay on Actually Cold see Actual Heat Augment Encrease Accidentally By hap by chance upon occasion Adventitious not Natural but springing from external causes Actracting drawing together or causing Attracts draws to Accident somthing that happens upon a Disease vide Symptome Adstriction binding together shutting up Antecedent Cause foregoing Cause is opposed to the Conjunct Cause Abundance of Flegm in the Body is the Antecedent Cause of the Optick Nerves being stopped by flegm but the Flegm in the said Nerves is the Conjuct Cause c. of other Diseases Articulate Voyce A distinct Voyce such as that of Man-kind termed Speech Abstergent Clensing away filth Access Addition joyning to help or company Afflux flowing to Astringents Medicines that bind together and straiten the Pores and Passages of the Body Astriction binding knitting together Anodines Medicines which asswage pain Anastomosis an opening of the Mouths of Veins by which means Blood issues Astringe bind fasten close Acute sharp violent a Disease is termed Acute when it quickly changeth to health or death Adustion burning Adust burned Blood is said to be adust when by reason of extraordinary heat the thinner parts are evaporated and the thicker remain dreggy and black as if they were burnt Asthmatical troubled with shortness of breath Attest witness declare Aneurism a Swelling caused by a dilatation of the Arteries external Coat the internal being broken Axungia Grease Atrophy want of Nourishment when the Body pines away Attenuating Medicaments are such as make thick Humors thin Axiom or Theoreme an acknowledged undoubted Truth Adjacent lying neer bordering upon Aromatized Spiced perfumed Anus the Fundament Astringe to bind Atomes smal Moats hardly visible and that cannot admit of any division Adverse contrary to of
Bag a Bag of Wool shaped like an Extinguisher through which Hippocras and divers Medicines are strained Hereditary from Father or Mother to Son or Daughter Hydromel Honey and Water Mead Metheglin Hemorrhoids Veins of the Fundament to which Leeches are applied Head-Herbs Rosemary Betony Sage Lavender sweet Marjoram Hysop Balm Cowslips Roses Violets Lettice Borrage Bugloss c. Habit of Body is the whol bulk and substance thereof Humidity Moisture Holy Fire a red Inflamation St. Anthonies fire the Rose Hemorrhagies breaking forth of Blood from any part of the Body Hysterical Fits Fits of the Mother Womb-sickness Hermetical Physitians and Hermets Chymists such as trade with Furnances Pots and Glasses to draw Spirits Oyls Waters to make Salts Quintessences c. called so from Hermes Trismegistus an old Egyptian Phylosopher who is thought to have been a Chymist Horrors Shiverings I INfuse that is steep Inflamation great Heat Indication is an hinting to the Physitian what he is to do So extream heat is said to give indication of cooling extream fulness of blood gives indication of blood-letting want of a womans Courses gives indication of blood-letting c. Jugular Veins that is the Throat Veins See Veslingus Anatomy in English Insensible Passages which cannot be seen nor felt by reason of their smalness Influence flowing in Inherent sticking fast within seated and abiding within Inordinate disorderly unnatural and unfitting Internal and External Sences The Internal are Common Sence Imagination Understanding Memory The External are Seeing Hearing Smelling Tasting Feeling Intercepted stopped in the middle way Internally and Externally inwardly and outwardly Juleps pleasant Drinks made of distilled Waters or the broth of Barley and other convement things and sweetened with Syrups or Sugar given chiefly in Feavers to cool and quench Thirst Infusion a strained Liquor wherein Medicaments have been steeped either hot or cold Incrassate thicken Incrassating thickening Insensible not to be perceived by the outward Sences of Seeing Hearing Smelling c. Illumination enlightening Influx flowing into Inversion turning the inside out Intermission ceasing leaving off Inveterate old of long continuance rooted Inclination that is by holding the vessel on the one side and so powring the cleer from the setlings this is called to clarifie by Inclination in opposition to clarifying with the white of an Eg by boyling or any other way The Iris a party-color'd round Circle in the sight of the Eye like a Rainbow from whence it hath its name Incarnate to breed flesh Irritation provocation stirring up Involuntary Tears which are not shed by force of sorrow working upon the mind but by force of a bodily Disease The day of Indication is that day in a Feaver on which may be collected what wil betide upon the following Critical day So the sourth day doth hint what is like to happen on the seventh and the eleventh hints what is like to happen upon the fourteenth and the seventeenth what will happen upon the twenty one and the twenty four what will betide upon the twenty eight Therefore the fourth eleventh seventeenth twenty four are called daies of Indication or telling and declaring Judged see Day of Judgment Infirm weak Insipid Tastless Incising Medicaments are such as cut and divide tough flegm and other clammy humors whereby they become fit for expulsion such is Oxymel c. Intestines the Guts Intension and Remission Increase and decrease growing stronger or weaker Injection is a Medicinal Liquor cast with a fitting Instrument into the Womb Bladder or Fundament when there is forenessof hemorroids c. Inserted fastened or planted into Inspissate Juyce is Juyce of some Herb boyled till it be thick as Honey Illustrated made cleer and manifest Invasions of the Gout fits of the Gout or of Agues may be called Invasions of the said Diseases Intense vehement strong Indicate declare point out Impacted wedged in thrust far in Irrigations moistenings sprinklings waterings Intervention coming between happening together with Intermediate coming between Intermitting Pulse is that which holds up a while and then beats again and then stops and then beats again which is a sign of great weakness Incoctibility an unaptness to be concocted or digested or an impossibility thereof L LEnitive a gentle refreshing cordial Medicine Ligatures or strings wherewith the Joynts of Bones and the Gristles are compact and bound together Lozenges the same with Tablets being the form of a Medicine made up Luxation is when one Joyne is loosned from another Liniment Oyntment Ligatures bindings of several parts to draw the blood and Humors from the part diseased to the parts bound by reason of the pain of binding which must be very hard and straight Loosness of Continuitie separating and dividing of things closed and united So a wound is termed a loosening of Continuitie because it separates these parts of the skin and flesh which were formerly united together Laxe loose slack as an unbended Bowstring Livid black and blew A Lambative or Lohoch is a medicine to be lickt from a Liquoris stick and to be swallowed softly down being chiefly ordained for the Lungs Iron-water Water wherein Iron hath been quenched Smiths forge-water Laxative which makes the belly loose Livid black and blew Lead-coloured M MEninges or films of the Brain coats that cover the brain Masticatories that is Medicines to be chewed to bring away Rheum Mesâ—eraick Veins little Veins that are thought to carry chyle from the stomach to the Liver See Vestingus Anat. in English Malignity venemous or poysonful quality of certain humors and Diseases which make them very dangerous and for the most part deadly Matter or Quittor a snotty kind of filth which comes out of Imposthumes when they break and out of Ulcers when they are in a good way of cure Magistral Syrup is such an one as is invented by a Physitian for his Patient in opposition to those Syrups commonly kept in shops Matrix Womb. Membrana skin or coat of the Arteries Veins c. Membranes skins or coats Mortification a deading of any part of the body Malign venemous poysonful See Malignity Mother the Womb in Women is so called Mitigation abatement lessening growing mild The Medium is that through which we see as principally the Air which we look thorough upon objects also the Water and Glass Horn or what ever is cleer and may be seen thorough may be termed a medium of fight Mammilarie passages or productions certain little knobby bunchings out of the Nerves which serve for smelling resen bling Teates called therefore Teat-like productions See the English Anatomy Malax soften To Malax a lump of Pilstuff is to soften it that it may work up into Pills the better Mercurial Purges Purges made of Quicksilver Chymically prepared such as Mercurius dulcis some kind of Precipitate Mercurius vitae c. Macerate steep Mesenterie the skin whch knits the Guts together and runs all along among them embossed with Fat See Vestingus his Anatomy in English Membranous of the Nature of Skin
four ounces of white Wine Take of the bark of the Roots of Carduus Asininus one ounce Liquoris two drams boyl them to six ounces let him take the straining many daies It doth wonderfully clense Stone and Gravel Take four pounds of shred Onions that are white two pound of Sugar one pint and an half of white Wine distil them in Balneo Mariae till they are dry Give every morning two or three ounces for many daies together The Ashes of a Scorpion is commended by Practitioners if you take one scruple at a time with Waâ—er of Couch-grass Pellitory or white Wine but it is seldom used Mathiolus his Oyl of Scorpions is more in use a dram taken at the Mouth with the aforesaid Liquors The Chymists brag much of their Salts among which the best is Salt of Bean Cods or Stalks half a dram whereof with white Wine works very well And also Tartar vitriolate in the same quantity They commend also Spirit of Salt Vitriol Mercurius dulcis with their proper Vehicles or Liquors Outwardly you may help the Stone if you continually chafe the Reins and Ureters with warm hands anointed with Oyl of Scorpions Also many Cupping-glasses from the Kidney affected downwards applyed without Scarrification Then anoint the Part with Mathiolus his Oyl os Scorpions to which add a little pouder os Cantharides Or make a Liniment of Oyl of Wax Bricks and Scorpions of each equal parts it is very piercing and good if you fear no inflamation of the Reins You must observe in the use of Medicines to break and expel the stone That they must not be used twice or thrice but often till the passages stopt are open and while you give them you must cherish the Reins and Bladder with Baths Fomentations Oyntments and Cataplasms that the other may work the better And you must give thin Liquor as white Wine often and use inward Emollients Looseners and Openers to enlarge the Passages and temper the sharpness of other Medicines By these Remedies the pain of the Reins is cured and stone dissolved and expelled But because they who are diposed to this Disease and cured do often relapse therefore we must appoint some Preservatives that we may hinder it as much as may be And first if there be a Plethora or fulness or the Reins and Liver hot it is good to open a Vein Spring and Fall a Clyster or gentle Purge being first given And then to purge the Matter away which is proper to breed the stone before it come to the Kidneys which you may do by a Vomit twice or thrice in a month to those which easily vomit Or you may give a Purge by a Bolus of Cassia Diaphoenicon and Rhubarb prescribed in the Cure or some other convenient Medicine every month or two or three according to the habit of the Patient and the plenty of Humors and that in the last quarter of the Moon Or if there be evil Humors they must be purged Spring and Fall with a convenient Apozeme for by that not only the Antecedent and remote cause wil be taken away but also some part of the conjunct cause as also the Obstructions of the Bowels which usually accompany this disease wil be taken away if you mix therein clensing and cutting Medicines Or instead of the Apozeme you may use the Decoction of an old Cock made thus Take of Polypody of the Oak Carthamus seeds of each one ounce and an half Thyme and Epithimum of each one pugil Cummin Annis Dill Fennel Caraway and Carduus seeds of each two drams Senna one ounce and an half Gummy Turbith half an ounce Cinnamon one dram Crystal of Tartar two drams beat them and mix them together and put them into the belly of an old Cock and then boyl them till the flesh come from his bones Let him take the Broth being strained at four mornings draughts Or you may give this following Pouder commended of Solenander by the use whereof he testifieth that he cured many of the pain of the Reins giving it in the fit Take of Senna two ounces the best Rhubarb half a dram Turbith one dram and an half Hermodacts two scruples Polypody half a dram Cinnamon Ginger Gromwel seeds Saxifrage Broom seeds of each one dram pouder them finely Give one dram or a dram and an half in white or thin red Wine once in a month Carolus Piso doth extol this following Pouder Take of Annis Fennel Caraway and Cummin seeds of each one dram Coriander prepared half a dram Liquoris and Burdock seeds of each one dram and an half Cinnamon and Galangal of each one scruple Gromwel and Broom seeds of each half a dram Diatragacanth frigid two drams Diagridium one scruple Senna as much as all the rest make a Pouder The Dose is one dram with the Broth of gray Pease Or you may make a Magistral Syrup thus Take of Sparagus Couch-grass Marsh-mallow Knee-holm and Parsley Roots of each one ounce Bettony Burnet Saxifrage and Pellitory of the Wall Maiden-hair of each one handful Bazil Parsley Gromwel Broom and Burdock and Mountain Ofier seeds of each two drams Liquoris Raisons and Polypody of the Oak of each one ounce Make a Decoction to one pint and an half Infuse in the straining four ounces of Senna white Agarick two ounces Ginger two scruples boyl them a little and strain them after dissolve in it one pound of white Sugar Boyl it up to a Syrup and give thereof two ounces once or twice in a month with the Decoction of Barley Couch-grass and Gray Pease Or if the Body be very foul make Pils of Aloes and Agarick and give two or three of them every other day before Dinner After Purging give Diureticks to bring forth the slimy Matter and Sand that is about the Ureters For this end make Decoctions of the Diureticks mentioned in the Magistral Syrup with Sugar into the form of a Julep or Apozeme Or Chicken Goat or Mutton Broth to be taken many daies together after general Evacuations Also after every Purge take some of these following once or twice in a week Take of the stalks and flowers of Beans three pound Calcitrah one pound beat them and add one pound of Sugar candy the Juyce of Lemmons one pint and an half the Juyce of Oranges half a pound the Decoction of Mallows and Marsh-mallows wel strained two pound Honey one pint Distil them with a gentle fire and let them not be burnt nor the Liquor wholly consumed Let the Patient take four ounces of this Water every morning Take of the stones of Medlars and the pouder of Diatragacanth frigid of each one ounce dried Rest-harrow Roots Liquoris Melone and Gromwel seeds of each two drams Saxifrage Broom Rhadish Knee-holly Calcitrap seeds of each one dram Marsh-mallow and Sparagus seeds of each one scruple Sugar candy two ounces make a Pouder Of this let him take one spoonful thrice in a month in the morning about New moon Fullmoon and Wain drinking after