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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A43015	A discourse of the plague containing the nature, causes, signs, and presages of the pestilence in general, together with the state of the present contagion : also most rational preservatives for families, and choice curative medicines both for rich and poor, with several waies for purifying the air in houses, streets, etc. / published for the benefit of this great city of London, and suburbs by Gideon Harvey.	Harvey, Gideon, 1640?-1700?	1665 (1665)	Wing H1062; ESTC R9710	14,104	31

their cloaths Nothing seems more preservative than cleanliness and oft shifting of Linnen because the steams of a mans body inhering in dirty linnen are very apt to putrefie into malignity it is likewise very commendable to change cloaths once or twice a week for the reason alleged At nights have a fire kindled in your Chamber which doth very much conduce to purifie the air and consume all noxious damps and after you are a bed cause your cloaths to be hung before the fire whereby the venene air that possibly may be latent in the wooll is potently extracted Next morning perfume your cloaths with these following Trochisces ℞ Rad Angel Zedoar an ℈ iiij Gum Iunip. Myrr Styr Cal. an ʒ j Sem Rut flor Lavend an ʒ ss Arsen. Pel. ℈ j Excip Thereb M. F. Trochis Pond ʒ ij What concerns the election of cloaths it is probable Hairs Stuff as Camelots or Grograins are least disposed to harbour infection their density denying passage to the thick contagious air easily glancing or slipping off their glib surface whereas woollen and woosted do easily retain infection Since we have hitherto instructed you how to preserve your self abroad it falls in course to propose such means as may conspire your preservation within Above all keep your house very dry with fires for dampness as I have illustrated in my Philosophy Part 2. Book 1. Chap. 24. Par. 5. is a great cause of the Plague Next prefer neatness and cleanliness in your Kitchin Buttrey Sinks c. be sure to have the upper corners of your Rooms well swept and that often cause your Room where you most abide in to be oft washt with water and Vinegar flash Gunpowder in it twice or thrice a day or burn frequently pitch and brimstone or the before written Trochisces perfume your sheets likewise by burning the said Trochisces in a warming pan Put away your Cats and Dogs for they are not only apt to transport the contagion from other places but do also emit stinking fumes or steams that are readily converted into malignity Distinction XV. Preservatives for the Poor CAcochymies or fowl bodies of the Vulgar contracted through course and dreggish feeding do require strong Purges or rather vomits once or twice repeated among which for its cheapness and excellency in evacuating deoppilating and expelling all malignity we prefer this following ℞ Vitr Antimon a gr 2. ad 4. Diascord Frac. a ℈ j. ad ℈ ij M. F. Bol. Caplat mane cum regimine In Plethories opening a vein proves a great Preservative Hereupon they are to take a draught of this antipestilential Tincture or Infusion every morning repeating the foresaid Vomit once a month Take Iuniper berries one ounce Gentian root Zedoary Myrrh of each two drachmes Rue tops half a handful bruise them all in a mortar and being put into a clean earthen pot poure upon them Wine Vinegar and Brandy of each the same proportion as much as will swim three fingers atop stop the pot very close and set it for 24 hours on the hot Cindars then strain it and dissolve in it Camphor and sal Prunella of each half a Drachme A spoonful hereof or two at most taken Mornings and Evenings is so potent a defence and Preservative that scarce any Pestilence is poysonous enough to infringe its force An hour or two after they may breakfast with bread and butter and Sage Rue or Garlick and wormwood Rhenish To smoak Tobacco oft especially Mornings and Evenings seems an excellent Preservative It s judged by many that Issues conduce to divert the malignity but chiefly in Children and moyst Constitutions Amulets are commended by some and disproved by others We do also commend to them our Pestilential Emplasters prescribed in the preceding Distinction to be applied to the same parts viz. wrists temples groin and under the armpits Touching fumes to correct the air they will find this following very efficacious Take Rue and steep it in Vinegar and pour some of it twice or thrice a day upon a hot Iron or pour Vinegar and water upon unquencht Lime Above all let them study cleanliness Distinction XVI The Pestilential Cure IF on a sudden you are surprised with a great head-ach anguish and soreness or pains of all your limbs you may with reason suspect your condition and therefore lay aside all business immediately betake your self to this ensuing Antidote composing your self to a copious sweat in bed ℞ Bezoart Min. a gr 6. ad 12. Spir. Corn. Cerv. a gut 4. ad 8. Caphur a gr 2. ad 4. Diascord ℈ j. M. F. Bol. Deauret Continue the sweat for an hour afterwards in case of too great a Laps of spirits take a spoonfull or two of the below mentioned Cordial restorative The symptoms disappearing upon the sweat it is a sign there was no infection if otherwise six hours after be let bloud to a small quantity of 5 6 7 or eight ounces and within a quarter of an hour after sweat again upon the repetition of the prescribed Bole. In case the Sickness attaques you with more certain and evident Symptomes immediately exhaust a convenient proportion of bloud and within a quarter of an hour assume the Pestilential Bole or this annext Tincture and sweat copiously upon it ℞ Rad. Carlin Angel imperat Zedoar Tormen an ʒ vj. Rad. Contrayer ℥ ss Diascord Frac. ℥ iiij Myrr ℥ ij Croc. Orient ʒ vj. Camphor ʒ ij Superfan Spir. Vin. Rect. Spir. Sulphur per Camp ʒ j. Acuat lb j ss diger p●r dies 8. Dein Cole●r per Chart. Empor M. F. Tinct Dos ab ℥ ss ad ℥ j. 1. We judge Vegetables more commodiously given in infusion than substance because of their quicker operation 2. We do also prefer Tinctures before distilled liquors because these are nothing but abstracted menstruums impregnated with a nauseous phlegm or light cariared dusts of Vegetables whereas the virtues of the ingredients are chiefly latent in their salts that are left in the bottom of the Still Whence it is that Treacle Water is so feeble and of so faint a taste far different from the strong faculties and sent of Treacle in substance Neither are Treacle or Mithridate in substance proper Medicines against the Plague because consisting of a great many Aromata or gross aduring Spices they impress an Empyreume upon the intrails for want of subtil dissipative parts Whence you may readily apprehend the excellency of the prescribed Tincture being extracted from few but most experienced and select ingredients Having passed your sweat relieve your spirits with a spoonfull or two of this Analeptick Take a Pollet or Capon cut it into small pieces and put them into a diet pot affuse upon them black Cherry Burnet Borrage and Rose water of each four ounces let them simper four hours upon a gentle fire afterwards express the liquor and mix with it Cinamon water comp an ounce and half gely of Quinces and Currants of each one ounce and half syrup of Citrons one ounce Saffron

must necessarily precipitate them into putrid and malign Feavers especially where the air is so propitious for them Moreover they must also cause obstructions and constipations by dissipating and absorbing the subtiler parts of the fluors and leaving the courser behind Now to evidence the necessity of Phlebotomy and Catharticks the long rude Winter and cold Spring occasioning great appetites have extreamly provoked people to gourmandizing and debauchery whence bodies result Plethorick and Cacochymick add thereunto the vitiate disposition of the air sensibly contributing to the generation of depravate bloud thus far touching the Indications Distinction XIII Caveats against the Plague 1. SHun all publick meetings where people promiscuously conversing with one another do readily propagate the infection besides nothing subministrates apter matter to be converted into pestilent Seminaries than peoples steams and breaths especially of nasty folks as beggers and others whence those houses happen to be soonest infected that are crouded with multiplicity of lodgers and nasty families 2. Avoid passing close dirty stinking and infected places as Alleys dark Lanes Church-yards Chandlers shops common Alehouses Shambles Poultries or any places where old houshold-stuff is kept as musty beddings and hangings for it is experienced nothing breeds or retains Pestilent Atoms more than woollen and feathers 3. Those that have occasion to go by water to Gravesend let them rather prefer lying upon the boords than on musty infectious straw Likewise Travellers in their Inns had better lye on the floar or upon Chairs than in those common nasty beds 4. The best Caveat and surest Preservative is to change the air according to that trite Distich Haec tria pestiferam pellunt adverbia tabem Mox Longe Tarde Cede Recede Redi i.e. Flee quick Go far and Slow return Distinction XIV Preservatives for the Rich. 1. FOr those that are Plethorick or full of bloud it is necessary they should be let bloud 2. It is of great concernment to have their bodies well purged and obstructions removed to procure the bloud and spirits a free course ventilation and transpiration by sutable purges and Ecphractick Medicines 3. The body ought to be maintained in its dayly excretions and its superfluous humours subtracted at several times to hinder all excrementitious accumulations by such means as are Eccoprotick and do particularly oppugn the malignity for which purpose Pilulae Ruffi sive Pestilentiales are much cryed up taking a half drachme or a drachme mornings once or twice a week or these following ℞ Al. Succot Nutrit Suc. Absinth ʒ ij Gum. Ammon Sol. in Acet Squil ʒ j. Tart. Vitriol Sal. Absinth an ʒ ss Sal. Vitriol ℈ j. Croc. Angl. gr 15. Ol. Succin gut 20. Syr. Veton q.s. M. F. Mass. Pil. Das. a. ℈ j. ad ℈ ij Mane duabus horis ante cibum This being premitted I le commend to you this following Antidote ℞ Pulv. Lign Guaiac ℥ ss Flor. Sulphur ʒ ij Antimon Diaphor ʒ j. Flor. Benz. ℈ ij Sal. Centaur Min. ʒ ss Myrr rub ℈ j. gr 5. Camphor ℈ j. Croc. Angl ℈ ss Ol. Succin gut 15. Ol. Vitr gut 10. Mel. Iunip. q. s. M. F. Elect. Dos a ʒ ss adʒ j ss vel ʒ ij This mixture contains all the properties that can be desired in a most excellent Pestilential Antidote The ingredients being prescribed in their substance do not suddenly exhale or depose their virtues but maintain the bloud in a gentle fermentation for a whole day and night actuate the spirits absorbe the intestinal superfluities reclude oppilations mundifie the bloud oppugn putrefaction gently expell and work out all contagious Seminaries through the pores and all this without inflaming the body which makes it sutable to all temperaments I could here recite five hundred very select antipestilentials but judging this to answer all Indications shall therefore supersede that needless pains The Dose hereof is about the bigness of a small Walnut or more every Morning drinking upon it a draught of wormwood Rhenish and an hour or two after you may breakfast upon biscuit and raisins It is also very proficuous to take a good large dose once a week and sweat moderately upon it a bed This following we have composed out of the chiefest Alexipharms but most for Phlegmatick temperaments ℞ Conserv Salv. Ros. Vet. an ℥ j. Elect. de Ovo Diascord Frac. an ℥ ss Flor. Sulphur ʒ ij Rad. Zedoar Dictam Carlin Scorzon Angel Ostrut Gentian Tormentil an ʒ ss Myr. Suc. Alb. Thur. Camph an ℈ j. Extr. Iunip. ʒ j Tinct Croc ℈ ij Ol. Angel Spir. Vitriol an gut 15. Syr. Acet Citr q s. M. F. Elect. Dos a ʒ j adʒ ij Children and bigbellied women require Antidotes somewhat more grateful to the Palate and less hot as these tablets ℞ Sp●● e Chel Cancr Coru. Cer. Nov. Prap. Terr Sigil Succin Alb. an ʒ j. Ol ●ont Citr gut 10. Sacchar Alb● q.s. Sol. in Aq. Ros. M. F. Rotul Poud ʒ ij Having now proposed to you the choicest internals it is requisite to add some external defences to keep off the air from entring viz. Emplasters to be applied to the wrists temples and groin ℞ Mithrid Opt. Vet. ℥ j. Cinab Factit ʒ j. Vitriol Roman ℈ ij Pic. Liq ʒ iij. Cer. Alb. q.s. M F. Empl. Extend Super. Alut vel Pan. Seris This Emplaster I can assure you is of that force and vertue that you would detract from its worth in using any thing else to second it since it performs the same effects of intrinsick Alexipharms besides it perfumes ones cloaths purifies the air attracts the venom outwards and gently keeps the vital spirits in play Cordial Bags worn next ones breast over the heart likewise Pestilential stomachick Emplasters applied to the stomach do potently resist the Infection and preserve the entrails The Cordial sweet-bag ℞ Rad. Calam. arom Angel Zedoar an ʒ j ss Flor. Anth. Salv. Ros. an P. j. Sum. Rut. pul Benz. Styr Myrr an ʒ j. Santal Citr Nuc. Muscat Cinam an ʒ ss Camphor ℈ j. Pulveriz M F. Saccul The Stomach Emplaster ℞ Emplastr Stomach ℥ j. Myrrhʒ j. Zedoar ℈ ij Extract Rut. Angel an ʒ j. Ol. Succin ℈ ss Ol. Laurin q.s. M. F. Empl. sentiform applicand stomach The Nostrils and the jugular Arteries ought to be anointed every morning with this following liniment or Balsom ℞ Ol Stillat Angel Rutae Succin an ℈ j. Caphur gr 5. Cerae Alb. q.s. M. F. Balsam inungant intern nar Art jug Some do also commend Balsame of Sulphur to anoint the Nostrils with but erroneously because it s sent is suffocating and very offensive to the Lungs The face and hands may be defended with this single wash Take half a drachme of Camphor dissolve it in two ounces of wine Vinegar and mix it with four ounces of Rose water The brain should likewise be shielded with a Cucupha or spice cap made with the same species prescribed for the cordial sweet bag It will not be amiss to insert a word or two touching

twenty grains Some six or eight hours after repeat the said sudorifick and thereupon the Refective Cordial The Contagion being very malign indicates the commixture of some Narcotick with the sudorifick as a grain or two of Laudanum Opiatum to allay the violence of the Fermentation If the malignity be only obtunded by the fore-instanced Diaphoreticks a third Dose will prove necessary Inject also lenitive and detergent glysters between times To extinguish the great heat and abate the Patients immoderate thirst this Julep is thought very excellent Take the shavings of Harts horn one ounce affuse a quart of water and boyl it for half an hour or less strain it and dissolve in it three ounces of syrup of Popies one drachme and a half of Sal. Prunellae one Scruple of Spir. of Vitr This may be inforced by admixing two or three ounces of Aq. Sperm Ranar. to it Against restlesness or immoderate vigilies we use to prescribe this following in malign feavers ℞ Aq. bor Nymph Pap. Rh. an ℥ j ss Diascord Frac. ℈ j. Syr. Pap. Rh. ℥ j ss This if frustraneous is fortified with Diascord or Laudan Op. Anoint the Temples Nostrils and Jugulars with Ung. Pop. Alabast an ʒ j ss Op. Theb. dissol in spir Vin. gr 9. Camphor gr 3. M. F. Lin. Against the adustion of the tongue and mouth use Plantain water four ounces two ounces of Rose Vinegar one ounce of Syrup of Mulberries one drachme of Sal Prunellae If upon the first shock of the Contagion the stomack is vitiated in its retention so as it vomit up whatever is ingested exhibit a Dose of salt of Vitriol which besides its speedy evacuation by vomit without enervating the body doth singularly infringe the malignity An hour or two after its operation assume a Dose of the Antipestilential Tincture which repeat as oft as necessary If the Patient is surprised with a Lipothymous anguor jactitation or great oppression about the stomach and Hypochonders expect no relief from Cordials in that case although usually prescribed but take a Dose of salt of Vitriol A raging headach is only appeased with soporiferous Liniments and internal Narcoticks A Dysentery is stopt by a Detersive mixt with a Narcotick viz. Diascord adʒ j. Laudan Opiat ad gr 2. vel 3. Distinction XVII The Cure of Carbuncles CArbuncles the more they break forth in number and the farther from the heart so much the better which if soft and easily perduced to a laudable maturation with the sequel of the imminution or mitigation of symptomes portend a happy event if otherwise the contrary Since Nature doth disburden her self of the venom by those kinds of tumours we are to give them vent as speedily as possible by applying strong acre and attracting Maturatives as this following Take sharp Leaven one ounce Garlicks roasted number two Mithridate half an ounce Mustard seed bruised two drachmes oyl of Rue Per. infusion two ounces make it to a Poultis The said tumours being but imperfectly maturated known by their softness are to be opened with a Canstick and a milder Poultis to remain on untill the crust falls off then to be mundified with honey of Roses an ounce Mithridate a dram dissolved in spirits of Wine this to be imbibed by stoupes and applied imposing upon them an Empl. Diachyl Distinction XVIII Whether Phlebotomy ought to be celebrated in the Cure of the Plague IT is generally thought Phlebotomy retracting the bloud from the Circumference to the Center doth also convey the concepted Contagion with it and so impact it deeper into the body for which reason it is disapproved by those that know no better but this supposed it is no prejudice as long as the Contagion being still in motion is immediately after expelled with a double force by taking a sudorifick upon it for by letting bloud in the beginning after that manner we take the greatest advantages imaginable 1. We detract some part of the burden from the spirits that are too much oppressed already by the malignity 2. Thereby by we remove obstructions of the vessels and relax the constipation of the pores towards a ventilation and transpiration which otherwise doth deny passage to the malignity Nature endeavours to expell by sweat 3. The spirits being embroyled with the malignity and drowned in the bloud not only abounding but also turgent and tumisied by the Febril fermentation and so tyed up from expelling the venosity are by Phlebotomy relieved set free and loose abstracted from the fermentation whence afterwards uniting together do forcibly expel the venom by transpiration whence it is most persons are easily incident into sweats after Phlebotomy especially if moved by a Diaphoretick although but gentle Wherefore you may now believe nothing more proficuous against the Plague but in the commencement only than Phlebotomy seconded with Diaphoreticks read the same question in my Vener Discov Book Art 5. P. 14. Distinction XIX Whether the Plague cannot be generally prevented by purifying the Air and extinguishing the Pest●lent Seminaries therein floating IT is recorded Hippocrates cured his Island being infected with a Deleterious Pestilence by setting in fire a great Wood which attracted all the Venene Seminaries and so consumed and amortifed them but it 's observed he did so when the Plague was declining But it is not as the Vulgar imagines the Pestilent Seminaries must not only be extinguisht but all the sulphurous matter of the air whereout the said Venenosities are kindled be consumed And lastly not only so but the Earth must also have vented all her malign fumes for know that a Pestilence generally derives its origine from a Crisis of the Earth whereby it purges it self by expiring those Arsenical fumes that have been retained so long in her bowels now before a Pestilence can cease the Earth must have purged it self through those transpirations which continue longer or shorter according as the heat of the Sun doth assist her by attracting the said fumes or small Rains open her pores by relaxing her surface whence we may now weekly observe the more small Rains there fall the more the present mortality increases So that you may now collect a Pestilence to be originally nothing but a Critical sweat of the earth The air may be purified by burning great fires of pitch barrels especially in close places by discharging of great Guns into infectious Streets by burning of Stinck pots or Stinckers as they call them in Contagious Lanes besides many other waies which at present time and paper denies us a recital of Otherwise I should have inserted many other very considerable Secrets for Preservation and Cure but I content my self to have served the Publick by divulging the most apposite methods and choicest Medicines that can be composed or thought upon FINIS