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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A25287	The sick-mans rare jewel wherein is discovered a speedy way how every man may recover lost health, and prolong life, how he may know what disease he hath, and how he himself may apply proper remedies to every disease, with the description, definition, signs and syptoms [sic] of those diseases. (Viz.) The scurvy, leues venerea, gonorrhea, dropsies, catarrhs, chollick, gouts, madness, frensies of all sorts, fever, jaundise, consumptions, ptisick, swoundings, histerick passions, pleurisies, cachexia's, worms, vapours, hypochondriack melancholly, stone, strangury, with the whole troop of diseases most afflicting the bodies of men, women and children; with a supply of suitable medicines; ... a piece profitable for every person and family, and all that travel by sea or land. By B.A.	A. B.	1674 (1674)	Wing A2B; ESTC R222542	90,076	270

XLVII Of a Rhumatism THe Rhumatick Affect is near of Kin to the Gout in which not only the Joynts as in the Gout but in the whole Body viz. in the middle spaces between the Joynts the Muscles Membranes and the whole Habit of the Body is tormented the Body is tormented with most cruel pains this rises from a serous Humour accompanyed with a great Acrimonia and sometimes there is joyned with it a Flatus also the Internal parts of the Body as the Stomack Intestines Womb Lungs c. do sometimes sadly Experience the Rhumatick Affect The Medicines proper for every Disease and first for the Scurvie ● most Excellent Distilled Water TAke the Bark of the Root of Cappers Bark of the Root of the Ash-tree Tops of Tammarise Roots of Polypodium of the Oak of each Two Ounces Scurvy-grass Water-Cresses the tops of Balm Agremony Ceterach Germander Chamapyteos of each Two handfulls the Seeds of Fennel Anis Carduus Benedictus of each Two Drams and a half Elder-flowers and Epithymi of each Two Pugils the Flowers of Broom Centaury the less St. Johns wort of each Two Pugils Oxymel Scilliticum One Pound White Generous Wine Four Pound mix these together in a convenient Vessel for the space of 24 Hours then let them be strained and pressed and the Liquor Distilled in Ashes to a dryness The Dose of this Water is Six Ounces every day Three Hours before Dinner Or Take the Juice of Garden Scurvygrass Brooklime of each Two Pound the best Sugar Two Pound Let it be well depurated with the White of an Egg and boyled together to the consistance of a Syrup Take of this Syrup Two or Three Spoonfulls every Morning and Evening For a Gonorrhea TAke Liquorish Six Drams the Seeds of Mirtle Coriander Prepared Plantin Agnus Castus of each One Dram the Seeds of White Poppies Two Scruples French Barley One Handful Let all these be boyled in steeled Water and of this take half a Pint every Morning For a Dropsie TAke choice Rhubarb One Dram Soldanella Two Drams Let this be administred in Four Ounces of Wormwood Water For the Hypochondriack Affection TAke the Roots of Cichory Fennel Smallage Flower-de-luce of Florence of each One Ounce Enulacampain Six Drams Asarabecca Two Drams Liquorish One Ounce and a half the Bark of Tamarise Roots of Cappers Elder and dwarf Elder of each One Dram Chamaepyteos Chamaedryos Veronica Maidenhair Ceterach Bugloss of both sorts Fumitory tops of Sparagus of each One Handfull Flowers of Bugloss Broom Tamarise of each one Pugil the Seeds of Anis Fennel of each Two Drams Seeds of Caraway Parsley of each one Dram Red Cicers One Pugil Raisons of the Sun stoned One Ounce and a half Prunes Five in N o Boyl these in a sufficient quantity of Water adding toward the end a third part of Wine in Eight Pound of the strained Liquor put in the Leaves of the best Senna Roots of Polypodium of the Oak of each Two Ounces Turbith half an Ounce the Seeds of Carthamus beaten One Ounce and a half Cittrin Mirabalans and Cheps of each Three Drams blind the Rhubarb up in a Rag and with Schananth one Dram and Cinamon two Drams after a light decoction add the Syrup of Apples four Ounces Sugar a sufficient quantity boyl it to the consistance of a Syrup Of this take one Ounce and a half in the decoction of Red Cicers every other or every third Morning The Histerick Passion TAke Cinamon Water the Water of Orange Flowers of each four Ounces Castor four Grains mix these together and add to it three drops of the Oyl of Amber and take two Spoonfuls before or in the Fit and it will dissolve the Fit For the Jaundise TAke dryed Horehound one handfull the best Rhubarh slicid one Dram Schananth cut small five Grains the best Saffron three Grains Species Diarrhodon Abbatis one Scruple Let these be all tyed in a Rag and infuse a sufficient quantity of Beer for a night and drink a draught of it every Morning and Evening For the Chollick TAke the Conserve of Rosemary-flowers two Ounces Conserve of Roses Species Diacumi and Diagalanga of eaeh two Drams Syrup of Mints a sufficient quantity to make it into the form of an Electuary of which let the Sick take the quantity of two Nutmegs three or four times in a day For the Inflamation of the Liver TAke Cassia newly Extracted one Ounce Rhubarb one Scruple Of this make a Bolus by mixing it together Take this in the Morning and the next day open a Vein in the right Arm according to the strength of the Sick Then take the Leaves of Agrimony Ver●nica Dodor Scabias Endive Cichory D●ndelion Wood-sorrel Violet Leaves Fumatory Chamaepyteos of each one handful Wormwood half a handful Boyl these in a sufficient quantity of Water and then strain and sweete● it as you please to drink a draught three ●● four times in a day For the Green-sickness TAke the Roots of Peo●●y and also the Seeds hulled of each one Dram Red Roses half a Dram a Nutmeg tosted two Scruples Bay-berries half a Dram the Powder of Schaenanth and of Saffron ●f each one Scruple the inward ●kin of the Gizard of a Cock one Dram Crocus Marti● Aperitive one Dram and a half Cinamon one Scruple make of it all a fine Powde● of which as much as will lie upon a six Pence may be taken every Morning and Exercise upon it to the warming of the whole Body For the Peribneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs TAke Julip of Violets three Ounces Syrup of Jujubes one Ounce Violet Water half an O●nce Manus Christi half an Ounce ●ak● this three times in a day Take Vnguent Resumptivum spread upon a 〈◊〉 and apply it the pained side For a Pleurifie TAke the Syrup of Violets two Ounces Penids one Ounce Syrup of Liquorish half an Ounce mix these together and lick of this often with a Liquorish-stick Or take Scabious Water and Enulacampain Water of each two Ounces Syrup of Violet and Coltsfoot of each one Ounce mix it and of this let the Sick take twice or thri●e in a day For an Impyemate or Ulcerated Lungs TAke Sanicle Bugle Scabious Bittony St. Johns wort Carduus Benedictus Mouse-ear Burnet Peruwincle Agrimony Plantin of each one handful the Seed of St. Johns wort and Carduus Benedictus of each half a Dram the Flowers of Roses Burrage Bugloss Violets of each one Pugil boyl it in a Hydromel of which being strained let the Sick take Six Ounces every day For a Catarrh or Defluction of Rheum TAke the Powder of Amber Mastick of each two Drams of the Whitest Agarick one Dram round Birthwort Roots half a Dram with the Syrup of the Juice of Betony make a Mass for Pills and take a Dram made into Pills in the Morning For a Dyssentery TAke the Seeds of Plantin dryed and powdered Troches of Carabe or Amber Troches of Spidum of each half an Ounce Hartshorn burnt one Scruple and a half

Red Coral one Scruple Let these be subtilly powdered and divided into three parts and one part given with Red Wine and the other with a Decoction of the Seeds of Plantain twice in a day For a Dyarrhea TAke Mastick two Ounces dissolve it in Oyl of Roses and Wax half an Ounce Let them be well mixed into the form of a Liniment let this be spread upon a Linnen Cloth and applyed to the Belly Take Rhubarb one Dram Citrin Mirabalans half a Dram Yellow Sanders half a Scruple Let them be put into Plantain Water and when it hath stood one night let it be strained put to it of Rhubarb Elect half a Dram Syrup of Roses one Ounce mix it and let the Sick take it twice a day For the Celiack and Lienteria or Flux from the Spleen TAke two Spoonfulls of the Syrup of Quinces thrice in a day For the Asthma ●●ke the Spirit of Aniseeds two parts Mel Scilliticum one part Cinamon Water half a part mix it and of this take half a Spoonful at a time Or take Roots of Liquorish four Ounces the Roots of Flower-de-luce two Ounces Enulacompain one Ounce of Angelica half an Ounce a prepared Squil one Ounce the Seeds of Fennel Anis of each one Ounce Nettle S●●ds Angelica Seeds of each one Dram Seeds of Water-Cresses one Dram Spirits of Aniseed half an Ounce Hony half a Poun●● Sug●r one Pound Cinamon six Dr●ms good generous White-wine a Gallon Let 〈◊〉 ●e put into a convenient Vessel or Runlet to be preserved for use the Asthmatick may drink a draught of it every day twice For the Joynt-Gout TAke Cariocostinum two Drams Syrup of purging Thorn two Drams Elder Water two Ounces mix these and take it in the Morning and keep your Chamber and drink some Posset between your Stools Take the Oyl of Whelps Oyl of Lint-seeds Oyl of Bays the Marrow of a Hart of each half an Ounce mix it together and it will become a Liniment with which anoint the pained side every Morning and Evening For the Quinsie TAke the Leaves of Plantain Daises of each one handful Red Roses let these be boyled in three pound of common Water to which add one pound of Plantain Water three Ounces of Scabious Water Lint-seeds Fenegreek-seeds and the Seeds of Mallows of each one Dram boyl these altogether to the consumption of the third part and then being strained add to it the Syrup of Mulberries and Hony of Roses of each two Ounces and with this let the Sick Gargle often Take Oyl of sweet Almonds one Ounce Capon-grease new Butter washed in Violet Water of each half an Ounce the Musalig of Lint-seed and Fenegreek-seed Seeds of Mallows Marsh-mallows Extracted with Camomil Water of each two Drams a a little Yellow Wax let a piece of Lauud moistened in it be applyed to the pained place For the Palpitation or beating of the Heart TAke the Heart of a Hart or a Goat the Heart of a tame or wild Hog wash them in Malligo Wine then cut them into little pieces then add the Leaves of Balm and Marjoram of each one handfull Bugloss Burrage Bugloss Violet Red Roses Eazil-seeds one Dram Citrin-seeds half a Dram Cloves two Drams Cinamon six Drams Mace Yellow Sanders and Wood of Alloes of each one Dram the things to be cut let them be Cut and the things to be beaten let them be beaten add to this two Pound of Malligo Wine the Juice of Lemon one Ounce and let these be distilled in Balneo until the Water sends forth no more odour and of this let the Sick take three or four Spoonfulls when they please For the Worms T●ke Worm-seed Corallina Hartshorn of eacb equal parts 〈◊〉 being finely powdered let the Child take as much as will lie upon a Groat For the Rickets TAke the Leaves of Osmond Royal Harts-tongue Liver-wort Ceterach the Flowers of Tamarise of each one handful Raisons two Ounces White Sanders and Red Sassafras of each two Drams Coriander Seeds one Dram Mace one Scruple the tops of Sage half a handful boyl it in a sufficient quantity of Water to three pounds and let it be sweetened with honey for its common drink THe Medicines which follow are those with which we have performed great and stupendious Cures upon Diseases of long standing occasioned from great and intricate Obstructions in plethorick Bodies weakened and infeebled in Body and Mind and out of all hope in themselves and after they have passed long and various courses in Physick and these not one or two as by chance but upon very ●any and failing none where Gods decree did not prohibit and indeed such En●●miums were due to one only Medici●e of Paracelsus and that which no doubt was far short of other of his Arcana's as indeed we are able to affirm the like having Experience of the very same and this Encomium given by a person who set himself to throw as much dirt as he could upon his Master yet his desert extorted this Commendation from him that his little Pills he administred as a Divine Medicine he scrupled not to affirm that by that Medicine he could put life into those that were as good as dead and that while this Servant was with him he made good in some Experiments What then if this be so may be said not only of the same but many far more excellent than that and which have not only a power to revive but also to enter into the inmost parts of Mans Body and there in a friendly ●anner appease the inraged Archeus or innate Spirit of a tenuate incide Cut dissolves all tarterous and Coagulated Filths opens stubborn and long Obstructions cleanses and purifies the Blood the Chariot of Life and Vital Spirits seperates between good and bad summons them from all quarters to appear at the general Randisvous and when fitted by preparing these alienated Humours or Torterous Filths call them what you please to cast them out by the appointed passage as forreign Guests not Homogenies to our Nature and consequently not fit to inmate themselves there by which means Obstructions are opened Nature unburned the Faculties set at liberty to perforn their respective Offices the Blood Circulated Nature revived strength restored the whole Body returned to its pristine vigour and in some Disease Cured so the Man repreved from the approaching Execution for a time from that more certain Sentence it is appointed for all men once to die and after death the Judgmenr and though you have before Medicines proper to these Diseases yet for the publick good we propound what we before promised Of those Medicines which performs the things mentioned mowing down the most stubborn and truculent Disease rooting out their Seeds that by good Diet and the due use of res non naturales before mentioned for that end that new and better fruit may grow in the room The first is our Pillulae Solares or our Solar Pills which are so called because they are of the

lyeth heavyer for that certainly a heap as it were weightily pressing into the Stomach and Praecordia The Inflamation of the Liver which the Greks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a hot Tumor of the Liver with a continual Fever stirred up from an impetuous affluxion of Matter accompanied with a sad Pain afflicting with the sense of weight the Signs of this grief is a weight in the right side of the Praecordiums stretched out from the Jugulum to the Bastard Ribs a small Cough and that dry difficulty of Breathing an accute Fever a Queasiness of Stomach a great thirst the Colour of the whole Body inclining to a Yellow this Tumor easily passeth into an Abscesses which if that happens it pronounces certain death and when it becomes an Imposthume Pain Fever and other Symptoms wax strong the Fits invade many times without order which being over an Exacerbation of heat follows the Puss being made all these things are remitted but the strength remaining is much weaker the Pulse frequent small and languid a frequent fainting of the Spirit the Abscessus being broke there breaks forth much filth from the Puss the Sick is detained with sometimes a hot sometimes a cold Intemperature there is a great loathing of Flesh nevertheless hunger does much hurt the thirst is vehiment the whole Body and specially the Palms of the Hands and the Souls of the Feet are hot the Face white soft habit of Body and raw and crude dejections CHAP. XXV A Cachexia A Cachexia is an evil habit of Body and as it were a Dropsie it is a more soft and loose Constitution of the fleshy and skinny parts of the whole Body and as it were a puffing up with an ill favour'd Colour of the whole Skin either Pale Livid or Leadish this evil is wont to come from impure naughty and corrupt Aliments but if these be not the cause it is charged upon the Imbecility or Impurity of the Stomach and Viscera for Imbecility produces a weak and crude Concoction for the parts of the more pure Aliments being carryed into the habit of the Body notwithstanding it is sent to and as it were agglutinated to the parts yet it is not perfectly assimilated and from hence is made not true and legitimate nutrition but a viscious and unprofitable the Impurity of the Viscera maketh an evil and corrupt Blood which at length is brought into all the parts and being unuseful to be dissipated into the Substance of the Body thence follow an unmeet nourishment the external Causes are Meats of evil Juice frequent gorging of the Belly studying too late at night over much watching suppressae evacuationes mensium suppression of the Hemorrhoides frequent bleeding at the Nose or stopping of other Matter which were wont to flow as a Diarraea and Dysenteria longa Long being in Prison and Subterranian places Venom being drunk or the Bite of venomous Beasts that also which makes much to this Disease is continual Fevers stubborn obstructions of the Liver or Spleen hard and Scirrhous Tumors old people are also corrupted with this Disease by reason of the Imbecility of the Native Heat and Women ob retensionem mensium and Children by Gluttany or excessive eating And also a Cachexia sometimes hath its original from an Ulcer of the Reins where there is Gravel when the perulent Matter by reason of the Obstruction of the Ureters flows back into the Reins and so infecting the Blood the whole habit is defiled CHAP. XXVII Of an Inflamation of the Lungs PEribneumonia is an Inflamation of the of the Lungs with an accute Fever difficulty of Breathing and a Cough the part affected is the Lungs either the whole Lungs or part either the right or the left side the Cause is Blood breaking copioufly into the Lungs and kindling an Inflamation the External Causes are vehiment Exercises especially after long quiet and repletion of the Body overcrying and Extention of the Voice anger the Cold Northern Air especially following the Southern the use of Stagnent Waters as Lakes c. Venomous Diets and sometimes mrlignant Humours as when the Peribneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs are Epidemical The Signs are straightness of the Breast with a heavy and grievous pain reaching to the Spine of the Back difficulty of Breathing and truly a greater than in the Pleurifie an accute Fever troublesome Cough a Redness of the Cheeks in the beginning no Spittle but in process of time there follow Crude Chollerick or Frothy Spittle The Cure is to be begun with opening a Vein a Glyster if need be being first administred CHAP. XXVII The Pleurisie A Pleurisie is a Disease of the Thorax or Breast the most molesting and accutest of all and there is none that assaulteth the life of a Man more it is an Inflamation which extendeth it self under the Ribs and the Membranes thereto adjoyning and taking its Rise from a thin Chollerick Blood with a continual Fever and pricking pain of the side vehiment Cough difficulty of Breathing it is caused either from pure Blood or hot and Chollerick Humours being mixed flowing into the Membranes the remote Causes are Cacohimia Plethora wonted Evacuations of Blood being supprest Flux of the Belly unseasonably stirred a Contusion of of the Breast from a fall or a violent stroke vehiment Exercise and after that Exercise a large draught of cold Water or the like a large drinking of more pure Wine too much hot or over much cold The Pathognomical Signs of a Pluresie are accute pains of the side difficulty of Respiration as also frequent and little a continual Fever and often observing the Fit of a Tertian in the beginning a dry Cough afterward moist with foul and colour'd Spittle there is an Inflamation of the Intercostal External Muscles this arises sometimes from Blood poured out into those External Muscles and sometimes from Winds and sometimes from a Distillation the true Pluresie is known from a Bastard that the sick cannot lie on that part opposite to the pained side because of the Membrane pained by the newly conceived weight But in the Bastard Plurisie it is difficult to lie down upon the side affected CHAP. XXVIII De Impyemate 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Puss and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Putrefaction Suppuration it is a Collection of Puss in the Capacity of the Thorax or Breast coming from the foulness and filth of the whole Lungs but it floweth thither either from an Angina or Peribnenmonia or it happeneth more frequently from a Pleurisie for these Coughs not being well cleansed there happeneth an Abscessus from which at length being broke there floweth a Puss into the whole Capacity of the Breast CAAP. XXIX De Pthisis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 tabes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Corrumpo in Latin Tales and in general it is taken for the Extenuation of the whole Body and it is accepted for any thing that flows from the same Cause and in that sense it is taken among Physitians and so it is

with such Weapons as shall encounter the strongest Adversaries of this kind and that these things reported commended be no Hyperboles It will appear because these things are grounded upon Reason Experience the two greatest Foundations of Indication in the whole Art of Physick And then as to distracted people you may see and Examine the Cures we have done for which purpose we have a very good Conveniency in good Air with Garden-room and good attendance and all other convenient accommod●tion for Persons of any Quality and at reasonable Rates and over whom we our selves have a watchful and careful Inspection and discharge the Cure with Conscience and satisfactory Diligence And for such of any Diseases mentioned for the greater satisfaction and certainty of Cure who are willing to have our own oversight and personal Care for such we have convoniency of room and other necessaries You have also our Scorbutick Drops famous for the Scurvy and all Fevers wonderful useful for all Seamen and Persons at Sea or Land being the best Antiscorbutick opening Obstructions of the Viscera strengthens the Parts kills Worms takes away the cause of Fevers quickens the Appetite and does as much as any one Medicine can do unalterable in any Climate small Dose without observing any difficult Diet and Convenient and profitable for any Age or Sex hurtful in no Diseases being friendly to Nature and next of Kin to our Vital and Animal Spirit All this is propounded for the pu●lick good and that it may so prove read it over observingly consider diligently censure not till you do better and however accept it as a fruit of his affection who means well THE INDEX Chap. 1. MEdicine defined Pag. 1. Chap. 2. Temprraments 4. Chap. 3. Of Parts 7. Chap. 4. Of Humours 9. Signs of a Sanguine Person 12. Signs of ● Cholleric● Person 13. Signs of a Flegmatick Person 14. Signs of a Melancholly Person 15. Of Spirits 19. Of the Faculties 21. Of Actions 22. Chap. 5. Of tbings Natural 22. Of Meats 23. Of Sleep 25. Exercise how to be performed 27. Passion of the Mind 29. Chap. 6. A Tract concerning the Scurvy 33. Chap. 7. The manner of its Generation 38 Chap. 8. A continuation of the Scurvy 46. Chap. 9. The Cause in the Blood 51. Chap. 10. The Extrinsick Cause 55 Chap. 11. The Signs abbreviated 58. Chap. 12. Tbe Symptoms by which Persons may discern that they have the Scurvy 59. Chap. 10. The Cure of the Scurvy 68. Vegitables appropriate to the Scurvy 71. Rules to be observed in Bread and Beer for Scorbuticks and all others 72. Properties of the best Beer Ale 81 The Nature usefulness and profit of Wine 97. Of the Stone in the Bladder and Reins 104. The Diseases of the Spleen 108. The Tenesmus 110. Of the Dysury 110. Of the Strangury 112. Chap. 13. The Leues Venerea 97. Chap. 15. the Diagnostick Signs 103. Chap. 16. Signs of the increasing Pox. 106. Chap. 17. Signs of an Inveterate Leues Venerea 110. Chap. 18 Of a Gonorrhea 116. Chap. 19. Description of the Dropsie 119. Chap. 20. The Hypochondriack Melancholly 124. Chap. 21. The Histerick Passion 129. Chap. 22. The Jaundise 113. Chap. 23. The Chollick 135. Chap. 24. Diseases of the Liver 138. Chap. 25. Cachexia 142. Chap. 26. Inflamation of the Lungs 144. Chap. 27. A Pleurisie 145. Chap. 28. An Impyemate 147. Chap. 29. De Phthisis 148. Chap. 30. A Catarrh 150. Chap. 31. A Dysentery 153. Chap. 32. A Diarrhea 156. Chap. 33. Caeliack and Lienterial Passion 117. Chap. 34. The Asthma 159. Chap. 35. Of the Gout 161. Chap. 36. Of the Angina or the Quinsie 162. Chap. 37. Descriptioni of a Phrensie 165. Chap. 38. Melancholly Madness 167. Chap. 39. Of a Mania 168. Chap. 40. The Palpitation of the Heart 170. Chap. 41. Of Worms 171. Chap. 42. A continual Fever 173. Chap. 43. An Intermitting Fever 181. Chap. 44. A Hectick Fever 186. Chap. 45. The Ricket 189. Chap. 46. A Convulsion 191. Chap. 47. Of a Rheumatism 193. Medicines for every Disease 194. The great Arcana's 209. Instances of great Cures 219. CHAP. I. Medicine Defined MEdicine is defined with respect A Galen de constitutione artis to its End in this manner It is an Art which teaches the preservation of present health and the restoring of that which is lost or a Science by which we protect the present health and expell Diseases In Physick be these five parts First 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Physiology Secondly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Pathology Thirdly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Semeiotical part Fourthly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Dietetical part Fifthly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the Therapeutical part The first of these treats of those things which are call'd Natural as Elements Temperaments Humours Parts Faculties Actions and Spirits An Element is defined to be the least or most simple part of the thing which it composeth Or thus the four first or simple Bodies are called Elements Fire Air Water and Earth or an Element is that most simple part which cannot be divided into any species diverse from it self and that which is not perceptible to our Eye but is imbarqued in the shell or clothed upon with those more 〈◊〉 Bodies ●hich we call Elements And therefore those pure virgin or unmixed Elements are rather to be conceived in our Minds than otherwise to be apprehended because they present not themselves to any mortal view And they are called Elements because they are those first Principles that enter into the composition of all Natural and created Beings and by reason o● their Effects they are described or express'd by Hypocrates by the names of Qualities as Hot Moist Cold and Dry. Of these Elements there are in number Four Fire Air Water and Earth and every one of these have a doubl● Quality The Fire is hot and dry th● Air is hot and moist the Water is col● and moist and the Earth is cold an● dry These Elements you see have eac● of them two Qualities viz. The Fire is hot and dry the Air is hot and moist c. that so their first Qualities might be tempered by other qualities viz. the Moistness of the Air might temper the Heat of the Fire And these Elements are by Philosophers divided again into Male and Female the Male are the Fire and Aire and the Female are the Water and the Earth the first of these forms and concocts the seed and by the Aire as it were the sheath o●●●e conceived seed sends i● i●●o the Water and Earth there as in its proper Matrix to be formed according as the Archeus or Spiritus Mundi shall dispose and the Nature of the place or Womb shall be adapt for those seeds in order to the production of such and such an Off-spring These Four Elements in the composition of mixed Bodies retain the qualities and are so mixed on with the other that no simple part may be found Of these Elements two

be Light as Fire and Aire because these delight to move upward the other two are heavy viz. the Earth and Water because they incline downward The two first as Fire and Aire are called Active the two latter are accounted passive Because the first by reason of their innate and active heat doe act upon and as it were incubat upon the other as that Divine Philosopher in his Genes gives us an Account The Spirit of God moved upon the face and superficies of the Water in which the Earth the Womb of all things lay obscure From the Composition of these come all mixed Bodies and from the variety of mixtion comes the variety of Temperament CHAP. II. Of Temperaments A Temperament which of the Greeks is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is defined to be a due Proportion of the four first Qualities of the Elements Avieenna defineth a Temperament to be a Quality brought forth and arising from a proportion of mixed Elements it is a proportionable mixture of hot cold moist and dry And th●● Agreement springs from the four fi●● Bodies of the World and according to this proportion Temperaments in Bodies receive their Denom●nations There is a double Temperament one absolute and to temperated 〈…〉 the other ad Justitiam in singulis generibus the first is that wherein there is an even and equal proportion of mixed Elements neither more of hot than cold neither of moist than dry The Temperament ad Justitiam is that which hath not an exact Evenness o● parity of Contraries but that due ●ediocrity which it ought to have ac●●rding ●o its own Nature or is convenient to its kind or species So that the Aequality of Mixtion is not received according to an Arithmetical but Geometrical proportion and from hence arise the temperaments in Bodies and their Denominations Hence it is that one man is said to be sanguine because the Element of Aire doth most abound in that man and another is Melancholly because he abounds in Temperament with the Earthy Faeces which we call Melancholy and so of the rest Flegmatick or Cholerick Hence also arise the temper of the parts which constitute mans Body For Example a Membrane is dryer than a Vein a Tendon than a Membrane and a Bone than both From hence arise that variety of temperaments with respect to the several Ages of men and therefore Pythagoras divided Mans Life into four Ages and compared the whole course thereo● to the four Seasons of the year Childhood to the Spring in which time al● things grow and sprout out by reaso● of the abundance of plenty of Moysture and Youth to the Summer because of the Vigour and Strength tha● men enjoy at that Age and Man'● state or constant Age to Autumn fo● that then after all the dangers of fore● past Life the Gift of Discretion an● Wit acquire a Ripeness like as th● Fruits of the Earth enjoy at that Season As also the temperament of the seaso● of the Year the Spring according t● Hypocrates is hot and moist but it i● the Opinion of all men that the Sprin● is temperate the Summer hot and dry the Autumn cold and moist and the Winter cold and dry And from hence also arise the temperature of the Blood The Blood as Temperature of the Blood Galen affirms is most temperate in that it is neither hot nor moist but temperate as it is in its first composure None of the four first qualities exceeds The temperature of Flegm other by any manifest excess Flegm as that which is of a waterish nature is cold and moist Even as Choler being The temperature of Choler of a fiery temper is hot and dry but Melancholly assimilated to each is Temperature of Melancholly cold and dry And so much may serve to be spoken to Temperaments CHAP. III. Of Parts THe next thing to be handled in the part of Physiologia is a Part what it is A Part is defined to be being largely taken whatsoever maketh to the Constitution of a Humane Body There are many Division of parts but the chiefest of all is into containing and contained The Parts containing are the solid parts which are sustained by themselves and they are divided into Similar and Dissimilar And the Similar are again divided into Spermatick and Sanguine The Dissimilar parts are those which are not compounded from part of that same Nature but from other differing species or otherwise they are call'd Instrumental because they are the Instrument of the Faculties and Functions Organical parts are divided into Animal Vital and Natural and these are divided into Principal and Ministring Those parts are called principal which have the Gubernation of the rest and they ministring which are subservient and ministers to the rest CHAP. IV. Of Humours THere are fluid parts which are sustained by the help of the other parts such as are the Humours and Spirits The Humours are either Alimentary or Excrementitious the Alimentary humour is that that is dedicated for the nourishing of the solid parts which do draw their Original from a Commixtion of the four Elements But the Excrementitious are the superfluous Liquors unusefull and unfit to Nutrition and these are distinguished into Primary and Secondary The Primary are those which pass with the Chyle into the Liver being put on by the power of the Native heat in every part of the Body are distributed by the Veins to Nutrition And of these primary hu●ors there be four Blood Chole● Melancholy and Flegm which be mixed ●ll together in the Veins This fo●●-fold mixture of humours is call'd the Mass of Blood by reason that the blood doth abound in that Mass The name of Blood is sometimes taken largely for the whole mass of Blood but properly it signifies the more benign and purer part of it generally the Blood is accepted for the whole bloody mass well tempered which from an equal mixtion of the four contrary humours and so there ariseth a harmony from a just and decent proportion of humours but if it be co●sidered by it self as pure and since 〈…〉 is hot and moist in temperature 〈…〉 Nature it resembleth Aire and not as by Reason of this tempeature but also in consistence colour savour and use it is discerned from other humours Blood is of such a mediocrous consistence that while it is retain'd within the bounds of Nature it appear not thicker nor thinner it is of a red colour a sweet taste it mightily nourisheth the musculous parts as often a● it exceedeth above the rest it maketh men fleshy flourishing fair pleasan● and merry But Alimentary bile is the thinne● part of the bloody mass partaking o● a fiery Nature by temperament hot and dry of a yellow or a pale yellow to taste bitter men in whom it abounds are cholerick lean hardy quick soon angry But the Excrementitious is drawn forth to the bladder of Gall and that it might stir up the Ejection of the Excrements and that it might