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itself_o so_o please_v both_o to_o the_o eye_n and_o taste_v that_o scarce_o any_o man_n especial_o that_o be_v a_o stranger_n but_o will_v be_v induce_v to_o taste_v of_o it_o which_o yet_o no_o man_n can_v do_v without_o danger_n it_o be_v of_o such_o a_o noxious_a quality_n that_o of_o it_o together_o with_o some_o other_o ingredient_n the_o indian_n of_o old_a time_n be_v wont_a to_o make_v the_o poison_n wherewith_o they_o invenome_v their_o arrow_n so_o mischievous_o that_o it_o be_v say_v scarce_o one_o man_n in_o forty_o that_o happen_v to_o be_v wound_v by_o they_o escape_v death_n this_o tree_n grow_v much_o upon_o the_o gulf_n of_o vraba_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o country_n of_o darien_n abovesaid_a and_o my_o author_n think_v that_o if_o the_o unhappy_a fruit_n which_o deceive_v our_o first_o parent_n in_o paradise_n be_v to_o be_v find_v on_o earth_n it_o be_v as_o likely_a to_o be_v this_o as_o any_o other_o he_o know_v chap._n viii_o of_o cacao_n and_o the_o famous_a drink_n call_v chocolatte_a of_o atolle_v and_o other_o drink_v use_v at_o the_o west-indies_n 1._o i_o shall_v commit_v a_o great_a oversight_n if_o in_o treat_v of_o the_o commodity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o new-world_n i_o shall_v forget_v the_o cacao_n which_o though_o it_o be_v but_o a_o small_a fruit_n ordinary_o not_o big_a than_o a_o almond_n and_o hardly_o of_o so_o good_a a_o taste_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v so_o proper_a to_o the_o country_n so_o plentiful_o there_o grow_v and_o likewise_o so_o much_o esteem_v and_o use_v as_o it_o be_v almost_o in_o all_o kind_n of_o bartery_n and_o traffic_n i_o must_v not_o altogether_o omit_v it_o it_o be_v a_o fruit_n which_o with_o the_o american_n be_v almost_o every_o thing_n it_o be_v both_o meat_n drink_n and_o money_n it_o grow_v upon_o a_o small_a tree_n of_o the_o bigness_n and_o fashion_n of_o that_o of_o the_o pomecitron_n thrive_v best_o upon_o hot_a ground_n yet_o in_o such_o place_n where_o it_o be_v well_o shadow_v from_o the_o sun_n there_o be_v several_a kind_n of_o they_o and_o by_o the_o description_n which_o hernandez_n or_o rather_o antonius_n recchius_n make_v of_o the_o cacao_n in_o his_o general_a history_n of_o american_n plant_n print_v at_o rome_n 1651._o it_o seem_v that_o herrera_n acosta_n and_o other_o be_v not_o so_o exact_a in_o their_o report_n of_o this_o fruit_n who_o general_o describe_v it_o as_o a_o fruit_n somewhat_o less_o than_o a_o almond_n whereas_o hernandez_n a_o doctor_n of_o physic_n and_o one_o who_o live_v many_o year_n in_o those_o part_n by_o command_n of_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n on_o purpose_n to_o observe_v the_o nature_n of_o such_o plant_n and_o physical_a rarity_n as_o america_n afford_v make_v some_o kind_n of_o cacao_n to_o be_v as_o big_a as_o a_o good_a mellon_n or_o pompey_n and_o none_o less_o than_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o apple_n to_o reconcile_v they_o i_o suppose_v we_o must_v say_v that_o what_o acosta_n herrera_n and_o other_o call_v the_o cacao_n be_v but_o the_o kernel_n of_o that_o cacao_n which_o hernandez_n describe_v and_o that_o there_o grow_v many_o of_o these_o lesser_a cacaos_n together_o in_o one_o common_a husk_n rind_n or_o shell_n which_o hernandez_n likewise_o intimate_v when_o he_o say_v the_o cacao_n contain_v within_o it_o diverse_a small_a part_n close_o compact_v together_o and_o afterward_o call_v that_o the_o seed_n or_o kernel_n of_o cacao_n which_o the_o american_n use_v instead_o of_o money_n and_o whereof_o they_o make_v drink_v which_o be_v the_o very_a cacao_n that_o acosta_n and_o other_o only_a mention_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o any_o other_o it_o be_v a_o fruit_n of_o a_o tender_a and_o fat_a substance_n of_o good_a nourishment_n especial_o roast_v boil_a or_o any_o other_o way_n dress_v raw_a or_o eat_v out_o of_o the_o fruit_n only_o it_o cause_v as_o some_o say_v oppilation_n and_o obstruction_n of_o the_o stomach_n yet_o the_o indian_a woman_n love_v it_o extreme_o and_o think_v themselves_o never_o well_o but_o when_o they_o be_v suck_v the_o skin_n or_o film_n of_o it_o which_o be_v common_o a_o white_a juycie_a substance_n but_o sometime_o red_a or_o murrey_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v very_o cool_v to_o they_o in_o those_o hot_a climate_n and_o have_v a_o opinion_n also_o that_o it_o make_v they_o fair_a it_o be_v a_o fruit_n that_o last_v long_o and_o impair_v not_o much_o by_o age_n in_o respect_n whereof_o and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o general_o esteem_v there_o the_o indian_n common_o use_v it_o instead_o of_o money_n as_o have_v be_v say_v buy_v or_o have_v in_o exchange_n for_o cacao_n almost_o every_o thing_n in_o the_o market_n but_o the_o chief_a reason_n of_o its_o so_o general_a esteem_n and_o use_v at_o the_o west-indies_n be_v a_o certain_a drink_n they_o make_v of_o it_o call_v chocolatte_n which_o because_o it_o be_v a_o liquor_n that_o the_o american_n extreme_o love_v and_o that_o it_o begin_v likewise_o to_o be_v cry_v up_o in_o some_o part_n of_o europe_n for_o a_o excellent_a drink_n though_o all_o man_n give_v not_o the_o same_o report_n of_o it_o i_o shall_v relate_v as_o brief_o as_o i_o can_v how_o they_o make_v it_o from_o the_o report_n of_o a_o late_a traveller_n in_o those_o part_n 2._o they_o take_v a_o certain_a quantity_n of_o cacao_n nut_n or_o almond_n as_o we_o call_v they_o which_o have_v well_o dry_v they_o pound_n they_o with_o the_o some_o cod_n of_o chili_n or_o long_o red_a pepper_n of_o america_n a_o handful_n of_o aniseed_n some_o quantity_n of_o cinnamon_n clove_n and_o likewise_o of_o white_a sugar_n till_o they_o have_v bring_v they_o all_o into_o a_o soft_a powder_n or_o paste_n which_o they_o put_v up_o into_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o what_o quantity_n and_o bigness_n they_o please_v lay_v it_o first_o upon_o paper_n within_o the_o box_n from_o which_o upon_o occasion_n the_o powder_n or_o paste_n will_v easy_o separate_v but_o to_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v of_o earth_n or_o 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be_v difference_n in_o the_o composition_n of_o it_o so_o likewise_o they_o drink_v it_o diverse_a way_n the_o rich_a be_v that_o which_o be_v use_v by_o the_o gallant_n and_o lady_n at_o mexico_n viz._n to_o drink_v hot_a with_o atolle_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o dissolve_v a_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o cacao_n in_o some_o little_a quantity_n of_o pure_a hot_a water_n stand_v on_o the_o fire_n and_o have_v first_o with_o a_o molinet_n or_o some_o other_o instrument_n stir_v it_o up_o and_o well_o mix_v the_o cacao_n and_o water_n together_o they_o put_v so_o much_o of_o atolle_v into_o it_o as_o fill_v up_o the_o cup_n or_o vessel_n and_o so_o drink_v it_o by_o supping_n very_o hot_a this_o atolle_v be_v itself_o a_o rich_a and_o delicious_a liquor_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v by_o and_o by_o but_o the_o most_o usual_a way_n of_o drink_v it_o be_v to_o dissolve_v a_o box_n or_o tablet_n of_o cacao_n in_o hot_a water_n and_o have_v well_o sweeten_v it_o with_o sugar_n to_o drink_v it_o without_o more_o ado_n only_o with_o some_o conserves_n or_o naples-biscuit_n either_o dry_a or_o steep_v in_o the_o chocolatte_a as_o every_o one_o please_v sometime_o also_o they_o dissolve_v it_o in_o cold_a water_n and_o stir_v it_o continual_o with_o a_o molinet_n till_o it_o rise_v to_o a_o scum_n or_o froth_n which_o they_o take_v off_o and_o put_v into_o some_o other_o vessel_n or_o cup_n and_o make_v the_o other_o hot_a which_o when_o they_o have_v likewise_o sweeten_v with_o sugar_n they_o pour_v out_o into_o the_o vessel_n where_o the_o scum_n or_o froth_n be_v that_o be_v first_o take_v off_o and_o so_o drink_v they_o both_o together_o but_o this_o way_n be_v not_o hold_v to_o be_v so_o good_a as_o cause_v obsruction_n
and_o windiness_n in_o the_o stomach_n whereas_o the_o effect_n of_o chocolatte_n well_o temper_v and_o moderate_o take_v be_v say_v to_o be_v that_o it_o fortify_v and_o comfort_v the_o stomach_n which_o at_o the_o west-indies_n in_o many_o person_n be_v frequent_o subject_a to_o a_o cachexia_n or_o faint_v some_o hour_n after_o meal_n whether_o it_o be_v from_o any_o peculiar_a indisposition_n of_o the_o air_n or_o climate_n or_o from_o some_o natural_a weakness_n and_o insolidity_n in_o the_o food_n or_o diet_n of_o the_o country_n which_o though_o it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n luscious_a toothsome_a and_o please_a in_o the_o palate_n in_o what_o kind_n soever_o it_o be_v whether_o of_o flesh_n fish_n or_o fruit_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o hold_v to_o be_v of_o so_o strong_a and_o solid_a nutriment_n as_o the_o diet_n of_o europe_n general_o be_v it_o be_v say_v likewise_o to_o revive_v and_o exhilerate_v the_o spirit_n very_o much_o to_o help_v concoction_n to_o make_v lusty_a and_o corpulent_a and_o may_v be_v well_o take_v three_o time_n a_o day_n in_o the_o morning_n a_o little_a before_o dinner_n and_o some_o three_o or_o four_o hour_n after_o but_o very_o moderate_o and_o never_o exceed_v one_o reasonable_a draught_n at_o a_o time_n and_o a_o if_o man_n have_v occasion_n to_o watch_v or_o sit_v up_o late_o it_o will_v help_v he_o very_o much_o to_o take_v one_o cup_n of_o it_o more_o about_o eight_o or_o nine_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n 3._o now_o as_o for_o atolle_v of_o which_o i_o speak_v even_o now_o it_o be_v a_o drink_n of_o itself_o very_o delicious_a make_v of_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o young_a maiz_n or_o indian_a wheat_n much_o like_a unto_o almond_n milk_n but_o somewhat_o thick_a and_o so_o confectioned_a with_o sugar_n spice_n musk_n and_o other_o ingredient_n of_o the_o country_n that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o of_o admirable_a sweetness_n both_o for_o the_o taste_n and_o smell_v but_o much_o more_o nutritive_a and_o comfortable_a to_o the_o stomach_n and_o will_v doubtless_o be_v account_v a_o rare_a dtink_n in_o europe_n if_o it_o will_v endure_v the_o sea_n or_o can_v be_v transport_v thence_o but_o that_o it_o will_v not_o whereas_o chocolatte_n or_o cacao_n make_v up_o in_o box_n as_o we_o say_v be_v send_v abroad_o into_o spain_n flanders_n italy_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o commoner_n sort_n of_o indian_n have_v another_o kind_n of_o drink_n which_o they_o call_v chica_n a_o hellish_a slap_n and_o such_o as_o if_o it_o have_v but_o some_o good_a quantity_n of_o hen-bane_n add_v to_o the_o toad_n which_o they_o common_o put_v into_o it_o and_o steep_v he_o there_o till_o he_o be_v dead_a and_o quite_o consume_v will_v be_v a_o draught_n fit_a for_o the_o devil_n than_o a_o christian_n they_o take_v a_o great_a jarre_n or_o vessel_n of_o the_o sort_n of_o those_o which_o usual_o they_o have_v from_o spain_n and_o put_v in_o some_o certain_a quantity_n of_o water_n fill_v up_o the_o rest_n with_o melassos_n or_o the_o juice_n of_o sugar_n cane_n and_o sometime_o a_o little_a honey_n and_o beside_o these_o to_o give_v it_o a_o strength_n agreeable_a to_o their_o palate_n that_o drink_v it_o they_o put_v in_o good_a store_n of_o the_o root_n and_o leaf_n of_o tobacco_n and_o of_o several_a other_o root_n of_o the_o country_n of_o strong_a and_o violent_a operation_n add_v to_o all_o the_o big_a and_o black_a toad_n they_o can_v find_v and_o have_v so_o do_v they_o close_v up_o the_o jarre_n and_o let_v it_o stand_v for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o week_n or_o a_o month_n till_o all_o the_o ingredient_n be_v thorough_o steep_v and_o consume_v after_o which_o they_o drink_v it_o and_o though_o for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o the_o first_o open_v of_o the_o jarre_n it_o give_v a_o scent_n that_o a_o stranger_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o endure_v yet_o the_o indian_n love_v it_o and_o drink_v it_o excessive_o have_v many_o great_a meeting_n only_o to_o drink_v chica_n and_o most_o common_o they_o carouse_v so_o long_o at_o it_o that_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o not_o only_o drink_v which_o be_v usual_a with_o they_o but_o even_o rage_v mad_a with_o it_o insomuch_o that_o the_o spanish_a officer_n and_o magistrate_n among_o they_o labour_v what_o they_o can_v to_o prohibit_v such_o meeting_n but_o all_o in_o vain_a custom_n and_o the_o natural_a inclination_n of_o the_o american_n to_o drink_v and_o swill_v very_o much_o hitherto_o prevail_v against_o their_o endeavour_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o some_o author_n give_v a_o better_a character_n of_o a_o certain_a drink_n at_o the_o west-indies_n under_o the_o name_n of_o chica_n nor_o can_v i_o say_v which_o of_o they_o it_o be_v that_o have_v mistake_v the_o name_n this_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o author_n who_o i_o follow_v pretend_v to_o be_v a_o eye_n witness_n and_o to_o have_v see_v with_o his_o eye_n that_o which_o he_o report_v of_o the_o thing_n itself_o viz._n the_o quality_n of_o the_o drink_n and_o manner_n of_o drink_v it_o by_o the_o indian_n which_o in_o truth_n seem_v to_o i_o to_o be_v but_o a_o relic_n of_o their_o old_a barbarity_n and_o savageness_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v speak_v no_o more_o of_o it_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o abundance_n of_o cattle_n at_o the_o west-indies_n and_o of_o several_a sort_n of_o beast_n and_o other_o creature_n both_o of_o land_n and_o water_n proper_a to_o the_o new_a world_n 1._o i_o must_v for_o brevity_n sake_n and_o to_o comply_v with_o the_o intention_n of_o my_o friend_n who_o call_v for_o these_o imperfect_a note_n with_o some_o importunity_n pass_v by_o many_o particular_a thing_n otherwise_o not_o unworthy_a to_o be_v know_v in_o the_o rank_n of_o tree_n plant_n and_o fruit_n and_o only_o refer_v the_o reader_n desirous_a of_o further_a satisfaction_n herein_o to_o the_o elaborate_a and_o choice_n history_n of_o american_n plant_n and_o rarity_n above_o mention_v write_v by_o franciscus_n hernandez_n a_o spanish_a doctor_n of_o physic_n augment_v and_o accurate_o comment_v upon_o by_o nardus_fw-la antonius_n recchus_fw-la and_o italian_a joannes_n terrentius_n and_o other_o proceed_v myself_o to_o give_v some_o brief_a account_n concern_v the_o cattle_n and_o such_o other_o beast_n of_o america_n as_o may_v seem_v most_o worthy_a of_o our_o knowledge_n we_o have_v say_v before_o that_o the_o cattle_n of_o europe_n which_o have_v be_v transport_v thither_o have_v thrive_v abundant_o and_o multiply_v into_o such_o incredible_a number_n as_o well_o kine_n or_o great_a cattle_n as_o those_o of_o the_o lesser_a sort_n viz._n sheep_n hog_n goat_n etc._n etc._n that_o swine_n and_o also_o great_a cattle_n in_o the_o island_n especial_o of_o hispaniola_n and_o in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n beside_o live_v wild_a in_o herd_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o may_v be_v kill_v by_o any_o body_n that_o will_v take_v the_o pain_n to_o do_v it_o yea_o they_o say_v that_o the_o very_a dog_n which_o the_o spaniard_n carry_v over_o and_o which_o do_v they_o not_o a_o little_a service_n when_o time_n be_v against_o the_o naked_a indian_n have_v multiply_v so_o exceed_o that_o they_o go_v also_o in_o company_n like_o other_o wild_a beast_n up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a inconvenience_n to_o which_o the_o country_n of_o america_n be_v subject_a for_o the_o mischief_n that_o they_o do_v to_o their_o sheep_n and_o other_o small_a cattle_n be_v become_v almost_o as_o ravenous_a and_o bad_a as_o so_o many_o wolf_n and_o seem_v to_o be_v little_o less_o than_o metamorphize_v into_o wolf_n by_o their_o wild_a and_o mountainous_a breed_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o strange_a fierceness_n which_o they_o have_v contract_v by_o such_o breed_n and_o live_v so_o as_o the_o spaniard_n that_o bring_v they_o thither_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v guard_n and_o to_o maintain_v as_o it_o be_v a_o defensive_a war_n against_o their_o own_o creature_n nevertheless_o in_o the_o most_o inland_n country_n of_o america_n where_o the_o spaniard_n live_v and_o many_o hundred_o of_o league_n from_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o part_n of_o the_o island_n there_o be_v so_o great_a plenty_n of_o flesh-meat_n that_o for_o a_o ryall_n of_o plate_n which_o be_v but_o six_o penny_n english_a money_n a_o man_n may_v buy_v thirteen_o or_o fourteen_o pound_n weight_n of_o the_o best_a beef_n mutton_n or_o pork_n in_o the_o market_n of_o a_o obligado_n as_o they_o call_v he_o or_o some_o of_o his_o deputy_n who_o be_v man_n appoint_v and_o bind_v as_o we_o say_v before_o to_o serve_v such_o a_o city_n town_n or_o place_n with_o flesh_n meat_n at_o a_o certain_a rate_n all_o the_o year_n long_o so_o that_o omit_v to_o speak_v any_o thing_n more_o concern_v foreign_a or_o european_a
reverence_n to_o the_o sacred_a writ_n will_v oftentimes_o remember_v one_o excellent_a document_n and_o advise_v therein_o record_v by_o the_o pen_n of_o that_o great_a apostle_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o gentile_n st._n paul_n which_o be_v sapere_fw-la ad_fw-la sobrietatem_fw-la to_o use_v our_o learning_n and_o all_o acquire_v endowment_n sober_o and_o with_o due_a respect_n unto_o the_o dictate_v of_o religion_n know_v this_o that_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v otherwise_o of_o itself_o a_o abyss_n of_o inordinate_a and_o irregular_a cogitation_n to_o which_o if_o we_o ourselves_o set_v not_o bound_n many_o time_n by_o religious_a and_o voluntary_a acquiescence_n in_o such_o verity_n as_o divine_a authority_n any_o way_n commend_v unto_o we_o but_o follow_v the_o swing_n of_o natural_a curiosity_n and_o our_o fine_a please_a speculation_n to_o the_o utmost_a we_o may_v in_o time_n come_v to_o dispute_v ourselves_o out_o of_o the_o right_a way_n and_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o believe_v any_o thing_n than_o what_o be_v good_a and_o true_a 5._o that_o which_o compleat_v the_o globe_n and_o make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o earth_n more_o entire_o round_a be_v the_o element_n of_o water_n which_o be_v a_o substance_n compound_v as_o it_o be_v and_o consist_v of_o earth_n and_o aire_n mix_v together_o yet_o in_o such_o a_o proportion_n as_o that_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o earth_n do_v much_o predominate_a in_o the_o composition_n from_o hence_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o element_n of_o water_n must_v retain_v the_o natural_a property_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v to_o move_v downward_o in_o a_o direct_a line_n towards_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n as_o we_o see_v perpetual_o that_o it_o do_v in_o every_o little_a drop_n of_o water_n which_o divide_v the_o air_n and_o make_v itself_o a_o direct_a passage_n through_o it_o towards_o the_o earth_n and_o centre_n of_o the_o world_n and_o likewise_o it_o must_v retain_v though_o in_o a_o weak_a and_o lesser_a degree_n the_o property_n of_o the_o air_n which_o be_v to_o be_v diffufive_a and_o perpetual_o spread_v itself_o and_o unapt_a to_o be_v keep_v together_o but_o by_o some_o extrinsical_a boundary_a or_o body_n that_o contain_v it_o from_o the_o first_o of_o these_o viz._n the_o predominancy_n and_o property_n of_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o element_n of_o water_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o water_n must_v natural_o cleave_v to_o the_o earth_n be_v natural_o unite_v with_o it_o and_o hardly_o that_o be_v not_o otherwise_o than_o by_o force_n separate_v from_o it_o so_o that_o there_o be_v no_o fear_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o low_a hermi-sphere_n or_o of_o the_o antipode_n shall_v fall_v back_o into_o the_o concave_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o upon_o our_o first_o thought_n of_o it_o we_o be_v common_o apt_a to_o imagine_v nor_o yet_o that_o any_o of_o the_o people_n or_o other_o live_a creature_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n shall_v have_v the_o like_a mischance_n for_o upon_o whatsoever_o part_n of_o the_o superficies_n or_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n they_o live_v and_o move_v they_o be_v fasten_v and_o glue_v as_o i_o may_v say_v to_o it_o by_o this_o natural_a &_o inbred_a property_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v predominant_a in_o their_o constitution_n viz._n to_o move_v downward_o and_o incline_v to_o the_o centre_n and_o which_o we_o see_v perpetual_o take_v place_n in_o they_o whensoever_o their_o animal_n and_o voluntary_a motion_n cease_v from_o the_o second_o viz._n it_o be_v natural_a fluxilitie_n and_o diffusiveness_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o water_n must_v be_v apt_a to_o insinuate_v and_o lodge_v itself_o in_o all_o such_o cavity_n and_o receptacle_n whether_o upon_o the_o surface_n or_o more_o within_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o divine_a providence_n have_v prepare_v for_o it_o and_o also_o that_o wheresoever_o it_o find_v a_o free_a passage_n or_o channel_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o stop_v or_o keep_v in_o with_o bank_n or_o bound_n it_o shall_v be_v natural_o and_o continual_o flow_v or_o in_o motion_n as_o the_o air_n be_v and_o from_o both_o it_o appear_v how_o apt_a the_o water_n of_o itself_o be_v to_o embrace_v the_o earth_n on_o all_o part_n and_o to_o constitute_v one_o common_a globe_n or_o round_a body_n with_o it_o the_o cartesian_o man_n of_o such_o discern_a and_o search_v capacity_n as_o they_o be_v i_o think_v if_o they_o will_v may_v more_o easy_o find_v some_o probable_a reason_n from_o hence_o of_o that_o notable_a effect_n in_o nature_n which_o have_v so_o long_o exercise_v their_o speculation_n viz._n of_o the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n without_o be_v drive_v to_o a_o necessity_n of_o unsettle_v and_o shake_v the_o foundation_n of_o all_o thing_n which_o the_o wisdom_n of_o god_n have_v so_o clear_o lay_v in_o and_o upon_o the_o earth_n and_o without_o pervert_v the_o glorious_a and_o never_o sufficient_o to_o be_v admire_v system_fw-la and_o frame_n of_o the_o world_n with_o such_o presumption_n as_o they_o do_v without_o doubt_v the_o influence_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n do_v much_o concur_v to_o this_o effect_n by_o their_o attenuate_a and_o rarefy_v the_o substance_n of_o that_o element_n and_o likewise_o the_o wind_n especial_o those_o which_o be_v natural_a and_o constant_a to_o the_o respective_a climate_n of_o the_o world_n nor_o do_v i_o think_v it_o a_o effect_n that_o can_v be_v attribute_v unto_o any_o particular_a uniform_a or_o single_a cause_n whatsoever_o so_o as_o they_o that_o stretch_v their_o wit_n and_o labour_n to_o attribute_v it_o to_o any_o such_o cause_n i_o fear_v labour_n in_o vain_a but_o yet_o under_o favour_n and_o with_o submission_n to_o better_a judgement_n i_o suppose_v the_o principal_a and_o more_o general_a cause_n which_o dispose_v the_o element_n of_o the_o water_n to_o such_o a_o effect_n may_v be_v that_o very_a thing_n or_o quality_n which_o we_o be_v now_o discourse_v upon_o viz._n it_o be_v natural_a fluxility_n and_o aptness_n to_o be_v perpetual_o run_v and_o in_o motion_n where_o it_o have_v a_o convenient_a channel_n wherein_o to_o flow_v and_o whereby_o to_o empty_v itself_o into_o another_o place_n for_o as_o we_o say_v natural_o it_o be_v inconsistent_a in_o or_o with_o itself_o alone_o nor_o be_v there_o any_o other_o cause_n require_v to_o make_v it_o move_v or_o flow_v but_o only_o a_o way_n open_a and_o plain_a so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v certain_a as_o i_o think_v most_o cosmographer_n hold_v it_o for_o very_o probable_a that_o there_o be_v a_o channel_n at_o the_o north_n for_o the_o water_n of_o mare_n deal_v zur_n or_o the_o western_a ocean_n to_o pass_v into_o the_o atlantic_a as_o there_o be_v at_o the_o south_n for_o the_o water_n of_o the_o atlantic_a to_o pass_v into_o mare_n deal_v zur_n i_o shall_v think_v without_o any_o more_o ado_n that_o what_o we_o call_v the_o tide_n that_o be_v the_o excrescency_n of_o the_o water_n in_o narrow_a 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peculiar_a earth_n or_o marle_n they_o use_v which_o be_v first_o dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o wrought_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o soft_a clay_n they_o spread_v it_o upon_o the_o sugar_n as_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o form_n or_o plate_n and_o in_o time_n it_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o white_a colour_n yet_o more_o or_o less_o perfect_a according_a as_o the_o sugar_n itself_o be_v pure_a and_o fine_a and_o now_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o merchant_n who_o transport_v it_o into_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n where_o by_o the_o sugar-baker_n art_n and_o skill_n it_o be_v yet_o more_o accurate_o purge_v and_o refine_a but_o of_o this_o i_o can_v say_v much_o it_o be_v a_o merchandise_n of_o incredible_a wealth_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o country_n it_o be_v no_o unusual_a thing_n for_o some_o one_o sugar-mill_n or_o ingenio_fw-la as_o they_o call_v it_o to_o afford_v a_o revenue_n of_o thirty_o or_o forty_o thousand_o peso_n every_o year_n and_o though_o it_o be_v likewise_o bring_v from_o the_o 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shed_v itself_o upon_o the_o ground_n as_o the_o down-thistle_n common_o do_v together_o with_o its_o seed_n which_o be_v a_o little_a round_a black_a substance_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o coney_n trettle_n or_o some_o lesser_a sort_n of_o pease_n but_o flat_a this_o be_v the_o seed_n of_o the_o cotton_n and_o they_o gather_v it_o constant_o and_o sow_v it_o every_o year_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o they_o do_v other_o grain_n viz._n upon_o till_a land_n and_o in_o furrow_n and_o in_o harvest_n they_o reap_v their_o crop_n which_o they_o have_v never_o above_o once_o upon_o the_o same_o stalk_n or_o plant._n 4._o this_o woolly_a substance_n of_o the_o cotton-apple_n when_o it_o be_v gather_v the_o indian_a woman_n card_n and_o spin_v as_o we_o do_v our_o ordinary_a wool_n in_o europe_n and_o there_o be_v both_o stuff_n and_o cloth_n make_v of_o it_o of_o several_a sort_n and_o in_o great_a abundance_n some_o very_a fine_a like_a silk_n other_o less_o fine_a and_o of_o the_o course_v sort_n of_o all_o they_o make_v sail_n for_o ship_n cover_n for_o their_o tent_n in_o the_o field_n either_o when_o they_o be_v march_v against_o a_o enemy_n or_o follow_v their_o herd_n of_o cattle_n to_o pasture_n and_o in_o many_o other_o such_o like_a occasion_n and_o it_o be_v common_o the_o woman_n work_n not_o only_o to_o card_v and_o spin_v but_o also_o to_o weave_v this_o cotton_n into_o cloth_n especial_o one_o sort_n of_o it_o viz._n of_o which_o they_o make_v their_o inni_n as_o they_o call_v they_o which_o be_v certain_a hang_a bed_n much_o use_v by_o the_o american_n people_n both_o at_o mexico_n and_o in_o all_o the_o northern_a part_n and_o likewise_o in_o peru._n these_o be_v web_n of_o a_o good_a strong_a sort_n of_o cotton_n cloth_n weave_v about_o eight_o or_o nine_o foot_n long_o and_o a_o ell_n broad_a with_o loophole_n at_o each_o end_n through_o which_o by_o put_v a_o cord_n or_o some_o small_a line_n they_o hang_v they_o up_o in_o their_o house_n upon_o beam_n or_o tainter_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o when_o they_o be_v abroad_o in_o the_o field_n or_o hunt_v in_o the_o wood_n upon_o the_o bough_n of_o tree_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n they_o find_v convenient_a they_o use_v they_o chief_o in_o the_o field_n and_o when_o they_o march_v against_o their_o enemy_n for_o they_o be_v not_o very_o troublesome_a to_o carry_v and_o be_v much_o more_o convenient_a and_o healthful_a either_o to_o sleep_v in_o or_o lie_v upon_o than_o the_o bare_a ground_n especial_o in_o those_o country_n and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o when_o they_o be_v foul_a they_o make_v a_o lie_n of_o a_o certain_a great_a cucumer_n or_o gourd_n cut_v in_o piece_n and_o steep_v a_o good_a while_n in_o water_n and_o afterward_o boil_a with_o which_o they_o scour_v and_o bring_v they_o to_o as_o perfect_a whiteness_n as_o any_o soap_n or_o fullers-earth_n will_v be_v able_a to_o do_v 5._o and_o because_o the_o silk_n taffeta_n satin_n and_o other_o 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common_a spider_n weave_v his_o dusky_a yet_o curious_a web_n out_o of_o himself_o the_o worm_n at_o the_o indies_n be_v of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n finger_n or_o thumb_n somewhat_o great_a than_o those_o of_o italy_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n and_o be_v breed_v two_o manner_n of_o way_n that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o putrefaction_n as_o other_o infect_v common_o be_v and_o also_o by_o a_o more_o proper_a and_o specifical_a generation_n the_o first_o be_v according_a to_o the_o report_n of_o pliny_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n of_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o cypress_n and_o turpentine_n tree_n and_o likewise_o many_o time_n of_o the_o ash_n and_o oak_n which_o in_o time_n of_o year_n either_o fall_n from_o the_o tree_n of_o themselves_o
before_o they_o come_v at_o the_o mine_n they_o be_v force_v to_o use_v the_o compass_n to_o direct_v their_o course_n as_o if_o they_o be_v at_o sea_n according_a as_o by_o the_o sign_n they_o observe_v the_o vein_n to_o run_v when_o they_o first_o find_v it_o they_o have_v likewise_o another_o advantage_n of_o the_o water_n when_o they_o dig_v the_o my_o this_o way_n viz._n that_o by_o the_o force_n of_o it_o in_o the_o channel_n or_o pipe_n by_o which_o it_o run_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n they_o turn_v about_o certain_a mill_n and_o other_o engine_n by_o which_o they_o break_v and_o grind_v the_o metal_n when_o they_o have_v get_v it_o out_o of_o the_o rock_n and_o prepare_v it_o for_o the_o refine_n do_v likewise_o thereby_o many_o other_o necessary_a business_n appertain_v to_o the_o mine_n nevertheless_o about_o and_o near_o to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o mine_n they_o have_v house_n of_o all_o necessary_a office_n beside_o for_o the_o miner_n and_o other_o workman_n and_o especial_o a_o smith_n forge_n for_o the_o sharpen_n and_o repair_v of_o their_o tool_n for_o their_o labour_n be_v excessive_a hard_a and_o difficult_a and_o it_o require_v both_o edge_a tool_n and_o strong_a arm_n to_o split_v the_o hard_a metal_n and_o break_v it_o out_o of_o the_o mine_n which_o they_o be_v force_v to_o do_v with_o wedge_n hammer_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o instrument_n and_o with_o no_o less_o difficulty_n than_o they_o break_v the_o hard_a flint_n or_o any_o other_o quarry_n of_o stone_n they_o labour_v likewise_o perpetual_o in_o they_o i_o mean_v by_o turn_n so_o as_o while_o one_o company_n work_v another_o sleep_v and_o take_v rest_n but_o the_o work_n itself_o of_o the_o mine_n never_o stand_v still_o but_o go_v continual_o on_o night_n and_o day_n of_o which_o in_o the_o mine_n they_o know_v no_o difference_n work_v altogether_o by_o candlelight_n as_o well_o by_o day_n as_o by_o night_n and_o without_o which_o their_o noon_n and_o their_o midnight_n will_v 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usual_o and_o have_v still_o in_o many_o place_n to_o this_o day_n several_a small_a furnace_n which_o they_o call_v guayras_n build_v near_o the_o mine_n in_o place_n where_o the_o wind_n common_o blow_v with_o which_o without_o further_a trouble_n or_o need_v of_o bellows_o only_o by_o supply_v they_o with_o wood_n or_o coal_n from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o shall_v be_v necessary_a they_o make_v their_o refine_n and_o they_o say_v there_o be_v some_o kind_n of_o silver_n particular_o that_o of_o potozi_n which_o will_v not_o be_v melt_v by_o any_o artificial_a wind_n they_o can_v make_v as_o of_o the_o bellows_o or_o otherwise_o but_o only_o by_o that_o which_o be_v natural_a of_o the_o guayras_n and_o therefore_o upon_o the_o side_n of_o that_o huge_a mountain_n viz._n potozi_n there_o be_v common_o see_v five_o or_o six_o thousand_o of_o these_o guayras_n or_o little_a fire_n burn_v all_o at_o one_o time_n together_o which_o in_o a_o evening_n or_o dark_a night_n they_o say_v be_v a_o very_a pleasant_a spectacle_n to_o behold_v they_o blaze_v all_o at_o once_o like_o so_o many_o little_a comet_n or_o fix_v meteor_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o the_o more_o common_a and_o speedy_a way_n be_v to_o refine_v by_o quicksilver_n which_o the_o spaniard_n do_v now_o general_o use_v both_o because_o they_o have_v extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o it_o and_o because_o they_o find_v it_o draw_v more_o silver_n out_o of_o the_o mass_n which_o they_o refine_v than_o by_o fire_n they_o can_v do_v 6._o quicksilver_n among_o metal_n be_v like_o water_n among_o the_o element_n it_o be_v the_o glue_n and_o solder_v of_o they_o viz._n when_o it_o be_v refract_v and_o in_o due_a proportion_n for_o otherwise_o when_o it_o be_v unite_v and_o entire_a in_o itself_o it_o separate_v and_o consume_v all_o of_o they_o but_o gold_n and_o silver_n in_o which_o respect_n they_o call_v it_o not_o improper_o the_o humidum_fw-la radical_a of_o metal_n it_o be_v a_o liquid_a substance_n have_v no_o certain_a form_n or_o fix_a subsistence_n of_o itself_o but_o run_v continual_o from_o place_n to_o place_n as_o gold_n and_o silver_n or_o other_o metal_n do_v when_o they_o be_v melt_v yet_o be_v it_o the_o heavy_a and_o most_o compact_a of_o all_o other_o metal_n for_o they_o all_o swim_v upon_o quicksilver_n and_o will_v never_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n they_o say_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n of_o two_o or_o three_o pound_n weight_n have_v be_v cast_v into_o a_o little_a barrel_n or_o vessel_n of_o quicksilver_n which_o swim_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o it_o like_o cork_n or_o some_o piece_n of_o light_a wood_n in_o a_o vessel_n of_o water_n and_o will_v not_o sink_v only_a gold_n they_o say_v will_v sink_v which_o they_o attribute_v to_o a_o secret_a property_n and_o sympathy_n that_o be_v betwixt_o those_o two_o metal_n it_o have_v many_o rare_a and_o admirable_a property_n but_o that_o which_o may_v seem_v most_o remarkable_a and_o which_o fit_v it_o so_o much_o for_o the_o effect_n we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o viz._n the_o refine_n and_o purify_n of_o the_o metal_n be_v the_o natural_a sympathy_n and_o inclination_n which_o it_o have_v to_o gold_n and_o silver_n especial_o the_o first_o which_o it_o natural_o seek_v out_o where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o all_o metal_n separate_v and_o divide_v it_o from_o they_o all_o and_o itself_o embrace_v and_o circle_v it_o round_o about_o immediate_o and_o without_o the_o mixture_n or_o interposition_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o itself_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o not_o altogether_o so_o intimate_o and_o perfect_o it_o unite_v with_o silver_n not_o penetrate_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o metal_n which_o the_o perfect_a composition_n thereof_o if_o it_o be_v pure_a and_o fine_a resist_v and_o forbid_v as_o have_v be_v say_v but_o only_o embrace_v and_o circle_v about_o it_o on_o all_o side_n yet_o pierce_v and_o consume_v the_o courser_n metal_n if_o there_o be_v and_o so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o of_o they_o mix_v with_o it_o and_o though_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o the_o heavy_a of_o all_o other_o metal_n yet_o be_v it_o soon_o transmute_v or_o change_v into_o the_o light_a substance_n of_o all_o viz._n smoke_n which_o a_o little_a fire_n present_o do_v and_o that_o smoke_n evaporate_n and_o fly_v up_o into_o any_o cold_a region_n or_o when_o it_o encounter_v any_o cold_a metal_n as_o in_o the_o head_n or_o top_n of_o a_o still_o it_o present_o gather_v together_o again_o and_o become_v perfect_a quicksilver_n hence_o it_o serve_v so_o excellent_o well_o to_o refine_v and_o purify_v both_o these_o metal_n viz._n gold_n and_o silver_n and_o likewise_o to_o be_v itself_o separate_v from_o they_o again_o afterward_o it_o grow_v natural_o in_o the_o vermilion_n or_o minium_n which_o be_v a_o metal_n well_o know_v &_o much_o use_v for_o paint_v &_o die_v and_o of_o which_o they_o have_v admirable_a rich_a mine_n in_o diverse_a part_n of_o america_n especial_o those_o of_o palcas_n out_o of_o which_o they_o draw_v yearly_a only_o for_o the_o king_n use_n a_o hundred_o thousand_o peso_n of_o i_o and_o those_o of_o guancavilca_n which_o yield_v every_o year_n eight_o or_o nine_o thousand_o quintal_n or_o so_o many_o time_n one_o hundred_o twenty_o five_o pound_n weight_n of_o quicksilver_n and_o of_o another_o they_o report_v that_o a_o poor_a indian_a of_o acoria_n who_o first_o find_v it_o sell_v the_o interest_n which_o he_o thereby_o have_v in_o the_o mine_n viz._n for_o discover_v of_o it_o for_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o duckat_n and_o afterward_o commence_v a_o suit_n against_o the_o buyer_n for_o deceive_v he_o in_o the_o bargain_n it_o be_v find_v that_o his_o only_a interest_n in_o the_o mine_n for_o find_v it_o be_v well_o worth_a
of_o the_o night_n in_o which_o the_o mexican_n never_o use_v to_o fight_v nor_o yet_o to_o keep_v any_o very_a good_a guard_n he_o find_v a_o passage_n and_o make_v shift_n to_o bring_v in_o his_o force_n to_o the_o great_a rejoice_v and_o encouragement_n of_o his_o man_n within_o who_o be_v very_o hard_o put_v to_o it_o by_o the_o numerous_a mexican_n and_o press_v to_o yield_v themselves_o and_o deliver_v up_o motezuma_n but_o upon_o his_o come_n they_o take_v heart_n again_o and_o he_o with_o his_o fresh_a company_n sally_v out_o upon_o the_o citizen_n easy_o set_v they_o at_o further_a distance_n but_o yet_o their_o number_n be_v such_o and_o so_o infinite_o surpass_v he_o be_v call_v in_o from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n not_o revolt_v and_o their_o resolution_n such_o to_o destroy_v or_o starve_v the_o spaniard_n as_o they_o will_v neither_o admit_v nor_o so_o much_o as_o hear_v of_o any_o term_n of_o accommodation_n which_o cortes_n proffer_v they_o divers_a time_n their_o general_a cry_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o get_v you_o hence_o deliver_v up_o the_o king_n and_o call_v they_o enemy_n thief_n robber_n and_o what_o not_o and_o true_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o spaniard_n be_v such_o and_o the_o mexican_n have_v they_o so_o much_o in_o their_o power_n if_o not_o to_o kill_v yet_o at_o least_o to_o starve_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o infinite_a number_n which_o daily_o increase_v and_o by_o be_v so_o much_o master_n of_o the_o city_n both_o by_o land_n and_o water_n and_o have_v break_v down_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o bridge_n by_o which_o only_o there_o be_v passage_n out_o of_o it_o that_o the_o spaniard_n will_v glad_o have_v be_v go_v if_o they_o dare_v but_o they_o know_v their_o but_o offer_v to_o leave_v the_o city_n will_v be_v their_o destruction_n mexico_n be_v build_v like_o venice_n upon_o the_o water_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o huge_a lake_n have_v three_o only_a way_n to_o enter_v it_o by_o land_n which_o be_v upon_o three_o several_a causey_n of_o a_o league_n two_o league_n and_o half_a a_o league_n long_o and_o of_o but_o little_a breadth_n on_o all_o other_o part_v it_o be_v surround_v by_o the_o lake_n which_o by_o sundry_a and_o large_a channel_n enter_v and_o water_n the_o city_n in_o all_o the_o quarter_n of_o it_o where_o they_o have_v draw-bridge_n to_o pull_v up_o and_o let_v down_o at_o pleasure_n at_o these_o pass_v the_o spaniard_n know_v very_o well_o they_o shall_v be_v overpower_a by_o their_o enemy_n who_o by_o this_o time_n be_v grow_v so_o resolute_a and_o hardy_a that_o they_o seem_v not_o to_o fear_v or_o regard_v death_n but_o in_o fight_n will_v run_v desperate_o in_o multitude_n even_o upon_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o ordinance_n and_o doubtless_o but_o for_o the_o horseman_n which_o stave_v they_o off_o they_o will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n have_v render_v they_o in_o a_o manner_n useless_a and_o have_v choke_v they_o up_o as_o it_o be_v with_o their_o own_o dead_a body_n in_o this_o hurly-burly_n and_o distress_n the_o spaniard_n whither_o by_o force_n or_o otherwise_o procure_v motezuma_n who_o be_v yet_o in_o their_o power_n to_o appear_v above_o upon_o a_o gallery_n or_o flat_a of_o roof_n the_o house_n upon_o a_o pretence_n that_o he_o shall_v offer_v some_o term_n of_o accommodation_n from_o the_o spaniard_n and_o to_o show_v himself_o to_o be_v well_o but_o it_o be_v in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o stone_n and_o arrow_n fly_v so_o thick_a from_o the_o enrage_a multitude_n below_o that_o motezuma_n himself_o receive_v a_o wound_n by_o one_o of_o they_o in_o his_o head_n so_o unhappy_o that_o within_o a_o few_o day_n after_o he_o die_v of_o it_o as_o they_o say_v who_o will_v not_o have_v the_o spaniard_n think_v to_o have_v murder_v he_o as_o the_o mexican_n say_v they_o do_v with_o divers_a other_o nobleman_n and_o some_o of_o his_o child_n the_o very_a night_n they_o flee_v however_o it_o be_v not_o long_o after_o his_o death_n out_o of_o extreme_a necessity_n and_o chief_o for_o want_v of_o victual_n the_o spaniard_n be_v force_v to_o leave_v the_o city_n in_o the_o night_n time_n and_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o four_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o of_o their_o man_n who_o be_v slay_v or_o take_v prisoner_n at_o the_o pass_n of_o a_o drawbridge_n the_o rest_n make_v a_o heavy_a retreat_n to_o their_o friend_n at_o tlascalla_n there_o be_v stand_v at_o this_o day_n in_o mexico_n upon_o the_o place_n where_o so_o many_o of_o they_o be_v kill_v a_o certain_a hermitage_n which_o they_o call_v los_fw-la martyr_n or_o the_o hermitage_n of_o the_o martyr_n but_o very_o improper_o say_v my_o author_n their_o own_o countryman_n for_o what_o reason_n i_o shall_v not_o here_o inquire_v 5._o this_o retreat_n of_o the_o spaniard_n out_o of_o mexico_n happen_v to_o be_v upon_o the_o ten_o of_o july_n after_o midnight_n in_o the_o year_n 1520_o which_o the_o spaniard_n at_o mexico_n call_v the_o doleful_a night_n nevertheless_o the_o undaunted_a cortes_n be_v get_v though_o with_o huge_a difficulty_n and_o trouble_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o mexican_n for_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o way_n to_o his_o sure_a friend_n of_o tlascalla_n neither_o lose_v his_o courage_n nor_o give_v over_o his_o resolution_n of_o yet_o gain_v mexico_n especial_o the_o way_n be_v now_o lay_v open_a and_o sufficient_a occasion_n give_v by_o the_o death_n of_o motezuma_n and_o the_o provocation_n of_o the_o mexican_n themselves_o to_o make_v himself_o absolute_a and_o sole_a lord_n of_o the_o place_n wherefore_o have_v send_v for_o and_o procure_v a_o competent_a supply_n of_o fresh_a soldier_n from_o st._n domingo_n or_o hispaniola_n almeria_n cuba_n and_o other_o place_n be_v in_o all_o nine_o hundred_o foot_n eight_o hundred_o horse_n and_o seventeen_o piece_n of_o ordinance_n he_o join_v himself_o with_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n of_o tlascalla_n which_o be_v no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n arm_v with_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o with_o this_o army_n march_v again_o towards_o mexico_n and_o besiege_n it_o both_o by_o land_n and_o water_n viz._n with_o the_o help_n of_o thirteen_o vergantine_n or_o galliots_n which_o he_o have_v build_v upon_o the_o lake_n and_o six_o thousand_o canoas_n or_o little_a boat_n which_o his_o friend_n and_o confederate_n have_v procure_v he_o by_o which_o mean_n and_o by_o his_o army_n on_o land_n in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o cut_v off_o all_o provision_n from_o the_o city_n and_o after_o a_o siege_n of_o full_a three_o month_n or_o more_o and_o a_o most_o stout_a and_o obstinate_a resistance_n make_v by_o the_o people_n within_o in_o which_o they_o be_v say_v to_o have_v lose_v above_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n beside_o those_o which_o perish_v by_o famine_n sickness_n or_o otherwise_o he_o take_v it_o by_o force_n upon_o tuesday_n the_o thirteen_o of_o august_n 1521_o sack_v it_o first_o and_o then_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n yet_o afterward_o he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v rebuilt_a again_o far_o more_o beautiful_o than_o at_o first_o it_o be_v as_o in_o due_a place_n we_o shall_v further_o see_v they_o speak_v not_o of_o above_o fifty_o spaniard_n slay_v during_o the_o whole_a siege_n six_o horse_n and_o not_o many_o tlascaltecan_o in_o this_o manner_n and_o with_o so_o little_a charge_n to_o the_o conqueror_n there_o fall_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o spain_n the_o rich_a and_o goodly_a kingdom_n one_o of_o they_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n viz._n the_o kingdom_n of_o mexico_n which_o the_o conqueror_n present_o name_v new-spain_n and_o in_o reference_n to_o which_o name_n the_o catholic_a king_n have_v ever_o since_o style_v himself_o in_o the_o plural_a hispaniarum_fw-la rex_fw-la or_o king_n of_o both_o spain_n and_o all_o by_o the_o valour_n prudence_n admirable_a resolution_n and_o happy_a conduct_n of_o cortes_n who_o be_v at_o first_o but_o a_o private_a adventurer_n in_o the_o american_n plantation_n and_o discovery_n though_o otherwise_o a_o gentleman_n of_o a_o good_a family_n in_o spain_n bear_v at_o medellin_n in_o the_o country_n of_o estramedura_n the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o who_o be_v then_o also_o king_n of_o spain_n for_o his_o great_a service_n endow_v he_o deserve_o with_o many_o great_a and_o rich_a territory_n in_o the_o province_n of_o tlascalla_n mechoacan_a and_o other_o part_n thereabouts_o make_v he_o marquis_n of_o the_o valley_n viz._n of_o guaxata_n which_o be_v his_o chief_a title_n a_o rich_a and_o flourish_a province_n of_o that_o country_n captain_z general_z or_o commander_n in_o chief_a of_o all_o the_o military_a force_n of_o new-spain_n and_o general_a discoverer_n of_o all_o the_o maritime_a part_n and_o coast_n of_o america_n towards_o the_o south-sea_n assign_v he_o in_o propriety_n the_o twelve_o
inhabitant_n be_v since_o remove_v to_o porto_n bello_fw-la or_o st._n philip_n aforesaid_a as_o to_o a_o more_o fortify_v and_o secure_a place_n 3._o acla_o a_o town_n upon_o the_o same_o coast_n but_o lie_v southeast_n of_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios._n 4._o nata_fw-la common_o call_v st._n jago_n de_fw-fr nata_fw-la situate_v on_o the_o west_n side_n of_o this_o province_n upon_o mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n or_o the_o south_n sea_n about_o thirty_o league_n distance_n from_o panama_n towards_o the_o border_n of_o veragua_n 5._o panama_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o province_n be_v also_o a_o bishop_n sea_n who_o be_v suffragan_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o lima_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o court_n of_o justice_n for_o these_o part_n it_o be_v seat_v likewise_o upon_o the_o south_n sea_n and_o so_o near_o that_o at_o high_a water_n the_o ship_n be_v say_v to_o ride_v even_o under_o the_o wall_n through_o this_o town_n the_o wealth_n both_o of_o peru_n and_o spain_n pass_v once_o every_o year_n from_o spain_n by_o nombre_fw-fr de_fw-fr dios_n and_o porto_n bello_fw-la from_o whence_o whatsoever_o merchandise_n or_o other_o commodity_n come_v from_o spain_n be_v transport_v to_o panama_n by_o land_n and_o from_o thence_o by_o sea_n to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o peru_n and_o by_o panama_n whatsoever_o come_v from_o peru_n to_o be_v send_v into_o spain_n it_o have_v common_o a_o strong_a garrison_n of_o soldier_n in_o it_o and_o be_v doubtless_o a_o place_n otherwise_o well_o fortify_v be_v of_o so_o great_a importance_n last_o la_n crux_fw-la real_a a_o few_o league_n distant_a from_o panama_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n inhabit_v by_o negro_n 3._o darien_n have_v on_o the_o north_n the_o district_n or_o circle_n of_o panama_n on_o the_o south_n the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n eastward_o it_o be_v bound_v with_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n abovesaid_a and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o river_n darien_n which_o give_v name_n to_o the_o province_n and_o to_o the_o west_n with_o the_o south_n sea_n of_o a_o more_o temperate_a air_n by_o far_o than_o that_o of_o panama_n and_o a_o soil_n so_o admirable_o fruitful_a and_o lusty_a that_o they_o say_v melon_n cucumber_n and_o general_o all_o other_o fruit_n of_o the_o garden_n be_v ripe_a and_o fit_a to_o gather_v within_o twenty_o day_n or_o less_o after_o their_o first_o sow_v the_o chief_a and_o indeed_o only_a town_n of_o this_o tract_n be_v darien_n call_v ancient_o by_o the_o first_o founder_n of_o it_o st._n maria_n antiqua_fw-la and_o by_o other_o the_o antique_a of_o darien_n be_v one_o of_o the_o first_o town_n that_o be_v build_v by_o the_o spaniard_n on_o the_o firm_a land_n 4._o eastward_o of_o darien_n and_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n lie_v the_o country_n of_o new-andaluzia_n as_o some_o call_v it_o though_o that_o name_n be_v likewise_o and_o perhaps_o more_o true_o attribute_v to_o the_o province_n of_o paria_fw-la hereafter_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v the_o country_n call_v st._n martha_n on_o the_o north_n the_o main_a ocean_n and_o new-granada_n towards_o the_o south_n it_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o mountainous_a country_n and_o full_a of_o wood_n which_o they_o say_v yield_v abundance_n of_o rosin_n gum_n and_o some_o very_a good_a balsam_n but_o the_o plain_n by_o reason_n of_o much_o rain_n to_o which_o the_o country_n be_v subject_a especial_o for_o some_o time_n of_o the_o year_n of_o but_o a_o spewy_a and_o cold_a soil_n the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o first_o come_n find_v it_o a_o rich_a country_n not_o so_o much_o from_o the_o nature_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o soil_n though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v some_o mine_n in_o it_o and_o those_o of_o gold_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o certain_a opinion_n and_o respect_n which_o the_o american_n of_o these_o part_n be_v general_o say_v to_o have_v bear_v towards_o this_o country_n insomuch_o that_o they_o will_v be_v bring_v and_o bury_v therein_o from_o other_o place_n very_o remote_a and_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o country_n not_o without_o good_a store_n of_o gold_n and_o other_o jewel_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v bury_v of_o which_o the_o spaniard_n soon_o gain_v intelligence_n and_o in_o ransack_v the_o grave_n and_o monument_n of_o the_o dead_a be_v suppose_v to_o have_v find_v a_o infinite_a mass_n of_o treasure_n but_o those_o mine_n be_v long_o since_o exhaust_v the_o place_n of_o chief_a impotance_n here_o be_v 1._o carthagena_n situate_v upon_o the_o north_n sea_n in_o a_o sandy_a peninsula_n or_o half_a island_n well_o build_v and_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o it_o of_o good_a wealth_n and_o riches_n as_o the_o english_a well_o find_v under_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1585._o when_o they_o take_v the_o place_n and_o have_v pillage_v it_o carried_z away_o beside_o abundance_n of_o treasure_n no_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o and_o forty_o brass_n piece_n of_o ordinance_n it_o be_v count_v one_o of_o the_o best_a havens_n belong_v to_o the_o firm_a land_n of_o america_n 2._o tolu_fw-la by_o the_o spaniard_n now_o call_v st._n jago_n twelve_o league_n distant_a from_o cartagena_n a_o place_n memorable_a for_o the_o excellent_a balsam_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o &_o common_o call_v the_o balsam_n of_o tolu_fw-la 3._o st._n crux_fw-la de_fw-fr mopox_o a_o neat_a town_n seated_z a_o little_a above_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n st._n martha_n and_o magdalene_n which_o water_n this_o province_n 4._o baranca_n de_fw-fr nolambo_n a_o place_n of_o great_a traffic_n especial_o for_o all_o commodity_n of_o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n it_o stand_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o magdelene_n river_n and_o about_o six_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n 5._o buena_fw-es vista_n otherwise_o call_v st._n sabastian_n de_fw-fr buena_fw-es vista_n a_o town_n commodious_o seat_v upon_o a_o rise_a ground_n not_o far_o from_o the_o gulf_n of_o vrraba_n or_o the_o sound_n of_o darien_n about_o a_o league_n and_o half_a from_o the_o sea_n and_o last_o villa_n de_fw-fr st._n maria_n thirty_o league_n southward_a of_o cartagena_n 5._o st._n martha_n so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_n city_n of_o the_o province_n be_v border_v on_o the_o west_n with_o new-andaluzia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o new-granada_n it_o be_v about_o threescore_o and_o ten_o league_n in_o length_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n a_o mountainous_a country_n likewise_o for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o the_o ground_n not_o much_o commend_v but_o only_o for_o some_o fruit_n of_o the_o ordinary_a growth_n of_o spain_n viz._n orange_n lemon_n etc._n etc._n which_o thrive_v here_o very_o well_o the_o air_n upon_o the_o coast_n very_o hot_a but_o more_o within_o land_n as_o extreme_o cold_a viz._n upon_o the_o mountain_n the_o country_n be_v well_o water_v with_o rivers_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v rio_n grande_n as_o they_o call_v it_o or_o the_o great_a river_n of_o magdalene_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o mountain_n of_o new-granada_n fall_v down_o into_o this_o province_n &_o empty_v itself_o into_o the_o sea_n betwixt_o the_o city_n of_o st._n martha_n and_o cartegena_n though_o at_o a_o distance_n of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o league_n from_o either_o with_o a_o double_a stream_n and_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n that_o as_o acosta_n testify_v it_o be_v count_v not_o a_o little_a dangerous_a to_o attempt_v the_o entrance_n of_o it_o sometime_o viz._n when_o the_o tide_n and_o the_o stream_n be_v contrary_a the_o chief_a town_n be_v 1._o st._n martha_n seat_v upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n have_v a_o safe_a and_o very_a convenient_a haven_n belong_v to_o it_o and_o well_o defend_v from_o the_o wind_n by_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o high_a mountain_n lie_v almost_o right_o over_o against_o it_o it_o be_v no_o great_a town_n but_o rich_a for_o the_o bigness_n at_o least_o it_o be_v find_v so_o when_o sir_n francis_n drake_n surprise_v it_o in_o the_o year_n 1595._o what_o it_o be_v the_o year_n follow_v when_o sir_n anthony_n shirley_n call_v there_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1630_o when_o the_o dutch_a take_v it_o i_o can_v say_v 2._o tenariffe_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o magdalene_n forty_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n martha_n 3._o villa_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr palmas_n twenty_o league_n southward_a of_o tenariff_n 4._o ciudad_fw-es de_fw-es los_fw-es reyes_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o vpar_n and_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o large_a river_n call_v guataporta_n which_o a_o little_a below_o this_o town_n fall_v into_o the_o magdalene_n it_o be_v a_o frontier_n place_n and_o but_o ill_o neighbour_v by_o reason_n of_o certain_a
unreduce_v savage_n inhabit_v the_o mountain_n tayrone_n and_o those_o other_o mountain_n of_o this_o province_n which_o the_o spaniard_n call_v las_fw-fr sierras_n nievadas_n because_o their_o top_n be_v perpetual_o cover_v with_o snow_n 5._o new-salamanca_n in_o the_o same_o valley_n of_o vpar_n famous_a for_o its_o brass_n mine_n 6._o ocanna_n and_o other_o 6._o rio_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o little_a province_n lie_v on_o the_o north-east_n of_o st._n martha_n wash_v on_o all_o other_o part_n with_o the_o water_n of_o the_o main_a ocean_n or_o with_o the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o venezuela_n it_o take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o small_a town_n call_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr hacha_n about_o a_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n have_v no_o convenient_a haven_n but_o otherwise_o seat_v in_o a_o soil_n very_o rich_a and_o fertile_a not_o only_o of_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o and_o plant_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v bring_v from_o spain_n but_o likewise_o in_o many_o mine_n of_o gold_n gem_n of_o great_a size_n and_o value_n and_o many_o excellent_a salt_n wiche_n as_o they_o call_v they_o it_o be_v eight_o league_n distant_a from_o salamanca_n aforesaid_a and_o eighteen_o from_o cape_n vela_n the_o most_o westerly_a point_n or_o foreland_n of_o the_o bay_n of_o venuezuela_n and_o with_o the_o rest_n have_v the_o hard_a hap_n to_o be_v surprise_v and_o pillage_v by_o the_o english_a with_o sir_n francis_n drake_n in_o the_o year_n 1595._o 2._o rancheria_n six_o league_n eastward_o of_o la_fw-fr hacha_n inhabit_v chief_o by_o pearl-fisher_n or_o such_o as_o get_v their_o live_n for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o fish_v for_o pearl_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v good_a on_o these_o coast_n 3._o tapia_n and_o some_o other_o chap._n xii_o of_o new-granada_n 1._o the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n as_o it_o be_v common_o call_v be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n both_o discover_v and_o conquer_v by_o gonsalvo_n ximenes_n about_o the_o year_n 1536_o and_o with_o so_o good_a success_n that_o in_o less_o than_o a_o year_n space_n the_o whole_a country_n be_v quiet_o settle_v under_o the_o spaniard_n government_n and_o the_o captain_n with_o his_o small_a company_n have_v make_v shift_n to_o gather_v together_o such_o a_o mass_n of_o treasure_n as_o may_v seem_v almost_o incredible_a viz._n from_o the_o reguli_fw-la or_o petty_a prince_n of_o those_o country_n who_o he_o have_v either_o destroy_v or_o make_v tributary_n laet_n cast_v up_o the_o sum_n thus_o one_o hundred_o ninty_n one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o ninty_n four_o peso_n of_o absolute_a fine_a gold_n thirty_o seven_o thousand_o of_o gold_n less_o fine_a and_o eighteen_o thousand_o of_o the_o course_v sort_n of_o all_o of_o emerald_n great_a and_o small_a eighteeen_n hundred_o beside_o abundance_n of_o other_o rich_a booty_n the_o country_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o castilia_n aurea_fw-la aforesaid_a on_o the_o west_n with_o mare_n del_fw-it zur_n on_o the_o east_n with_o venezuela_n the_o southern_a part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o yet_o well_o discover_v by_o reason_n of_o certain_a huge_a and_o unpassable_a mountain_n which_o block_n it_o up_o whole_o on_o that_o side_n save_v only_o where_o a_o passage_n be_v keep_v open_a into_o the_o province_n of_o peru_n special_o so_o call_v it_o contain_v in_o length_n about_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o league_n and_o not_o much_o less_o in_o breadth_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o very_a healthful_a country_n and_o abound_v in_o mine_n of_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o metal_n beside_o other_o of_o brass_n and_o iron_n it_o be_v subdivide_v into_o these_o two_o province_n viz._n granada_n special_o so_o caland_n 2._o popayana_n 2._o granada_n special_o so_o call_v be_v a_o country_n of_o a_o very_a temperate_a and_o good_a air_n neither_o subject_n to_o much_o heat_n nor_o to_o extremity_n of_o cold_a the_o reason_n of_o this_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v its_o nearness_n to_o the_o line_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a northward_o but_o a_o very_a few_o degree_n the_o country_n exceed_v fruitful_a both_o of_o corn_n and_o cattle_n afford_v rich_a pasturage_n and_o many_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n many_o good_a mine_n as_o well_o of_o gold_n as_o other_o metal_n and_o in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v call_v tunia_n as_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o fair_a sort_n of_o emerald_n some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v woody_a and_o among_o other_o sort_n very_o good_a both_o for_o timber_n and_o fevel_n there_o be_v one_o which_o the_o native_n call_v guaiacum_n a_o medicinable_a wood_n and_o of_o sovereign_a use_n they_o say_v for_o those_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o lues_fw-la venerea_fw-la and_o such_o like_a malady_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n general_o tall_a of_o stature_n and_o of_o a_o strong_a constitution_n but_o much_o more_o give_v to_o sport_n and_o pastime_n than_o to_o any_o kind_n of_o labour_n or_o industry_n the_o town_n and_o place_n of_o chief_n importance_n be_v 1._o st._n foy_n common_o call_v st._n foy_n de_fw-fr bagota_n which_o be_v the_o old_a name_n of_o this_o province_n and_o to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o another_o st._n foy_n in_o the_o country_n of_o new-mexico_n as_o be_v say_v it_o be_v the_o metropolis_n and_o capital_a city_n of_o this_o province_n a_o arcbishops_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n build_v by_o gonsalvo_n ximenes_n a_o spaniard_n native_a of_o granada_n in_o old-spain_n upon_o the_o lake_n call_v guatavita_n and_o be_v inhabit_v at_o this_o present_a by_o above_o six_o hundred_o family_n of_o spaniard_n 2._o st._n michael_n twelve_o league_n northward_o of_o st._n foy_n and_o a_o well_o trade_v town_n 3._o tocayma_n situate_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o paunch_n which_o be_v a_o certain_a barbarous_a people_n of_o this_o country_n not_o yet_o perfect_o reduce_v and_o possess_v not_o the_o worst_a part_n of_o it_o it_o be_v fifteen_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n foy_n towards_o the_o north-east_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o pati_fw-la a_o small_a river_n a_o little_a above_o its_o confluence_n into_o the_o magdalene_n 4_o trinidad_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o another_o river_n call_v zarbi_n in_o a_o convenient_a place_n and_o good_a soil_n and_o the_o country_n about_o it_o rich_o abound_v in_o vein_n of_o crystal_n emerald_n adamant_n chalcedony_n and_o other_o gem_n of_o good_a account_n 5._o tunia_n a_o strong_a town_n build_v very_o advantageous_o for_o defence_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n &_o be_v both_o a_o garrison_n and_o place_n of_o retreat_n against_o the_o savage_n which_o sometime_o infest_v this_o tract_n and_o also_o well_o trade_v empory_n 6._o pampelona_n 60_o league_n from_o st._n foy_n to_o the_o north-east_n a_o rich_a place_n both_o for_o mine_n of_o gold_n which_o it_o afford_v and_o also_o for_o great_a herd_n of_o cattle_n which_o the_o country_n breed_v and_o maintain_v 7._o la_fw-fr palma_n 8._o merida_n the_o further_a town_n of_o this_o province_n northeastward_a towards_o venezuela_n on_o the_o southeast_n there_o be_v only_o st._n juan_n de_fw-fr los_fw-la lanos_fw-la or_o st._n john_n of_o the_o plain_n fitfy_v league_n distant_a from_o st._n foy_n but_o seat_v in_o a_o rich_a angle_n of_o the_o country_n and_o where_o there_o be_v good_a vein_n of_o gold_n 3._o popayana_n the_o other_o part_n of_o this_o new-kingdome_n be_v border_v on_o the_o west_n with_o part_n of_o granada_n last_o speak_v of_o from_o which_o the_o river_n st._n martha_n divide_v it_o for_o the_o most_o part_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v nova-andalusia_n or_o cartagena_n on_o the_o west_n mare_fw-la del_fw-it zur_n and_o on_o the_o south_n quito_n or_o rather_o some_o unreduced_a country_n lie_v betwixt_o they_o both_o it_o extend_v in_o length_n above_o one_o hundred_o league_n from_o north_n to_o south_n but_o in_o breadth_n viz_o betwixt_o the_o river_n st._n martha_n and_o the_o south_n sea_n not_o much_o above_o forty_o or_o fifty_o the_o country_n be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o little_a too_o much_o subject_n to_o rain_n yet_o not_o so_o but_o that_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n answer_v the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n in_o most_o part_n very_o well_o the_o place_n of_o chief_a note_n in_o it_o be_v 1._o popayan_n situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o fair_a river_n but_o not_o name_v and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o plain_a in_o a_o place_n of_o great_a wealth_n and_o enjoy_v a_o good_a air_n it_o be_v a_o bishop_n sea_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o province_n 2._o antiochia_n otherwise_o call_v st._n fide_fw-la s_o de_fw-fr antiochia_n on_o the_o border_n of_o new-andaluzia_n and_o about_o one_o hundred_o league_n from_o popayan_n 3._o caramanta_n seat_v likewise_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o
of_o the_o passage_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o lesser_a island_n scatter_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o channel_n and_o through_o which_o the_o sea_n break_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o force_n call_v boca_fw-la del_fw-it dragro_n or_o the_o dragon_n mouth_n it_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o nine_o and_o ten_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n account_v to_o be_v in_o length_n about_o 24._o or_o twenty_o five_o league_n and_o about_o eighteen_o in_o breadth_n of_o a_o cloudy_a and_o less_o pleasant_a air_n yet_o the_o soil_n good_a and_o abundant_o well_o store_v with_o all_o commodity_n of_o the_o natural_a growth_n of_o america_n viz._n maiz_n sugarcane_n cotton-wooll_n and_o the_o best_a sort_n of_o tobacco_n good_a quantity_n of_o fruit_n also_o and_o of_o cattle_n some_o vein_n of_o gold_n and_o of_o a_o kind_n of_o pitch_n which_o they_o dig_v out_o of_o a_o mine_n such_o plenty_n that_o as_o many_o ship_n as_o can_v come_v may_v lade_v themselves_o with_o it_o and_o be_v say_v to_o be_v good_a in_o all_o other_o respect_n except_o only_o that_o it_o will_v not_o endure_v the_o sun_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o this_o island_n be_v call_v st._n joseph_n situate_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o little_a river_n which_o they_o call_v carone_n on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o island_n which_o be_v likewise_o take_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n in_o the_o year_n abovesaid_a and_o in_o it_o the_o governor_n antonio_n berreo_n who_o to_o procure_v his_o liberty_n or_o fair_a treat_v at_o sir_n welter_n hand_n be_v think_v to_o have_v furnish_v he_o with_o some_o relation_n concern_v guiana_n more_o liberal_o than_o otherwise_o he_o need_v tabago_n lie_v eastward_o of_o trinidado_n and_o divide_v from_o it_o by_o a_o little_a sea_n of_o eight_o mile_n over_o say_v to_o have_v for_o the_o bigness_n of_o it_o as_o many_o safe_a harbour_n belong_v to_o it_o as_o any_o island_n of_o america_n the_o dutch_a of_o late_a year_n have_v name_v it_o niew-walacheren_a and_o be_v say_v to_o frequent_v it_o but_o for_o what_o special_a commodity_n or_o reason_n do_v not_o appear_v chap._n xviii_o of_o paria_fw-la or_o new-andalusia_n 1._o the_o last_o but_o not_o the_o least_o province_n of_o the_o southern_a america_n be_v the_o country_n of_o paria_fw-la by_o some_o call_v nova-andalusia_n but_o for_o what_o reason_n or_o resemblance_n with_o andalusia_n of_o old-spain_n they_o do_v not_o tell_v we_o this_o country_n lie_v as_o it_o do_v bring_v we_o back_o again_o by_o the_o eastern_a coast_n to_o the_o isthmus_n or_o streit_n which_o as_o we_o have_v often_o say_v join_v the_o two_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o america_n together_o at_o least_o to_o those_o country_n that_o lie_v next_o upon_o it_o to_o the_o south_n viz._n the_o new_a kingdom_n of_o granada_n etc._n etc._n it_o have_v on_o the_o east_n guiana_n and_o those_o island_n which_o lie_v about_o the_o mouth_n of_o orenoque_n on_o the_o west_n the_o gulf_n or_o bay_n of_o venezuela_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o new_a kingdom_n abovesaid_a on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n and_o have_v on_o the_o south_n some_o country_n not_o yet_o discover_v towards_o the_o andes_n the_o whole_a consist_v partly_o of_o continent_n and_o partly_o of_o island_n near_o adjoin_v to_o it_o and_o be_v common_o divide_v into_o five_o several_a precinct_n or_o part_n which_o be_v 1._o cumana_n 2._o venezuela_n 3._o margarita_n 4._o cubagna_fw-la and_o 5._o some_o lesser_a island_n 2._o cumana_n be_v bound_v eastward_o with_o the_o gulf_n of_o paria_fw-la and_o the_o river_n orenoque_n on_o the_o west_n with_o venezuela_n northward_o it_o have_v the_o atlantic_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n those_o undiscovered_a country_n above_o mention_v contain_v in_o length_n two_o hundred_o league_n or_o more_o as_o some_o say_v and_o not_o much_o less_o than_o one_o hundred_o in_o breadth_n but_o for_o aught_o appear_v little_a of_o it_o plant_v or_o use_v save_v only_o upon_o the_o sea_n side_n where_o the_o coast_n have_v former_o be_v much_o fame_v for_o the_o rich_a trade_n of_o pearl_n and_o pearl-fishing_a which_o fail_v its_o principal_a esteem_n now_o be_v for_o a_o excellent_a vein_n of_o salt_n which_o they_o dig_v here_o as_o out_o of_o a_o mine_n and_o gather_v it_o natural_o make_v ready_a to_o their_o hand_n not_o half_o a_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n side_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o promontory_n or_o cape_n call_v by_o some_o punto_n de_fw-fr araya_n and_o by_o other_o for_o this_o reason_n cape_n de_fw-fr salinas_n place_n of_o chief_a consideration_n here_o be_v 1._o cumana_n itself_o a_o colony_n of_o spaniard_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o little_a river_n two_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o sea_n where_o it_o have_v a_o good_a harbour_n 2._o st._n jago_n a_o very_a strong_a fortress_n which_o the_o spaniard_n of_o late_a year_n have_v build_v for_o the_o defence_n and_o security_n of_o the_o saltwork_n against_o the_o dutch_a who_o begin_v to_o trade_v much_o that_o way_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1622_o have_v a_o design_n to_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o place_n 3._o st._n michael_n de_fw-fr neveri_n another_o fortress_n of_o they_o upon_o a_o river_n so_o call_v 4._o guaniba_n a_o town_n of_o the_o native_n 3._o venezuela_n the_o prineipall_a part_n of_o this_o province_n be_v border_v on_o the_o east_n with_o cumana_n on_o the_o west_n with_o a_o great_a gulf_n or_o bay_n common_o call_v the_o bay_n of_o venezuela_n with_o the_o lâ—ke_n maracabo_n and_o some_o part_n of_o new-granada_n nothward_o it_o have_v the_o ocean_n or_o atlantic_a sea_n southward_o some_o undiscovered_a country_n which_o as_o we_o say_v lie_v betwixt_o the_o andes_n and_o it_o it_o stretch_v out_o in_o length_n from_o east_n to_o west_n one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o league_n or_o thereabouts_o but_o in_o breadth_n little_o more_o than_o half_a so_o much_o be_v name_v venezuela_n or_o little_a venice_n by_o alonso_n de_fw-fr oyeda_n a_o spaniard_n who_o at_o his_o first_o discovery_n of_o the_o country_n fall_v upon_o a_o town_n of_o the_o native_n which_o stand_v like_o another_o venice_n all_o upon_o the_o water_n and_o have_v no_o passage_n to_o it_o but_o only_o by_o bo_n it_o be_v a_o country_n extraordinary_a rich_a in_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n afford_v good_a pasture_n for_o cattle_n and_o abundance_n of_o fair_a herd_n of_o they_o ox_n sheep_n swine_n etc._n etc._n plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o other_o grain_n great_a store_n of_o venison_n likewise_o in_o the_o wood_n of_o fish_n in_o the_o river_n gold_n in_o the_o mine_n and_o therefore_o not_o likely_a but_o to_o be_v well_o people_v and_o inhabit_v especial_o by_o the_o spaniard_n who_o town_n and_o place_n of_o chief_a importance_n be_v these_o viz._n 1._o venezuela_n at_o the_o most_o westerly_a confine_n of_o the_o country_n build_v upon_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o double_a haven_n in_o a_o temperate_a and_o good_a air_n and_o soil_v round_o about_o it_o the_o rich_a and_o best_a of_o the_o whole_a province_n it_o be_v now_o a_o bishop_n sea_n who_o be_v suffragan_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n domingo_n in_o hispaniola_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o governor_n 2._o caravalleda_n call_v by_o the_o spaniard_n nuestra_n sennora_fw-es de_fw-fr caravalleda_n fourscore_o league_n distant_a from_o venezuela_n towards_o the_o east_n upon_o the_o sea_n likewise_o 3._o st._n jago_n de_fw-fr leon_n in_o the_o country_n of_o caracas_n four_o or_o five_o league_n southward_a of_o caravalleda_n and_o six_o or_o seven_o distant_a from_o the_o sea_n 4._o new-valentia_n twenty_o five_o league_n distant_a from_o st._n jago_n 5._o new-xeres_a a_o town_n but_o late_o build_v fifteen_o league_n southward_a of_o new_a valentia_n 6._o new-segovia_n but_o one_o league_n distant_a from_o xere_n 7._o tucuyo_n a_o place_n well_o know_v and_o frequent_v for_o the_o abundance_n of_o sugar_n which_o be_v make_v there_o and_o in_o the_o country_n round_o about_o it_o 8._o truxillo_n or_o our_o lady_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr paz_n eighteen_o league_n southward_a of_o the_o lake_n maracaybo_n a_o place_n of_o great_a resort_n and_o much_o frequent_v for_o trade_n both_o by_o spaniard_n and_o native_n 9_o laguna_n a_o town_n lie_v more_o towards_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o lake_n say_v to_o be_v much_o haunt_v with_o tiger_n and_o more_o than_o this_o not_o much_o be_v say_v of_o it_o 4._o margarita_n be_v a_o island_n lie_v right_o over_o against_o the_o salinas_n or_o cape_n de_fw-fr araya_n afore_o mention_v seven_o or_o eight_o league_n distant_a from_o the_o main-land_n and_o take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o pearl_n find_v about_o it_o when_o time_n be_v it_o contain_v not_o above_o fifteen_o or_o sixteen_o league_n