the moyst Collyrium here follows the dry The dry Collyrium This useth to be prepared two ways in the form of powder and of a Troschisck The POWDER is made of simples levigated into a very sine powder aad is properly called by the Arabians Seife It is COMPOVNDED of Ohpthalmical simples reduced to a very subtle powder called Alcool to be prescribed to half an ounce or one ounce at most The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Grind it on a stone with some convenient liquor to a most subtle Alcool after dry it of which let gr two or three be blown into the eye through a small quill after it let the eye-lid be gently rubbed for some space or else that Alcool may be mixed with some convenient Liquor and so made into a Collyrium or of it may be made a Liniment as aforesaid The VTILITY is great and chiefly to cleanse off spots suffusions c. if powder only be blown in as also to cicatrize or heal or if it be dissolved in Liquor as is said it may be for divers uses though this be less usual TROSCHISHS are usually made without saying in Troschischs of the Alcohool of divers powders to six drams or one ounce at most which are made up with a convenient Liquor See Troschischs The VSE and FORM â„ž c with c. make Troschischs as big as Lupines or Pastills to the weight of one dram dry them in the shade grinde one of them dissolve it with the aforesaid things to make a Collyrium or Liniment The VTILITY they may be for any intention seeing that these Troschischs are onely a convenient form for preserving the virtues of the medicines but they are generally used to dry and cleanse c. and for the inflammation of the eyes with Opium as trosch albi Rhafis which also are prevalent for the redness to digest inflammations diminish scars and other intentions of like sort In this form fit powders may be kept vvhich are ready at hand for use either in a Linniment or Collyrium or a powder according to the variety of the scope of which before CHAP. V. Of a Gargarism T Is a Liquid Medicine dedicated to the affections of the Mouth Gums Jaws Larinx and sometimes of the head by gargarizing as they cal it washing of the Jaws and top of the throat without swallowing it down 'T is Compounded of VVATERS and things to be dissolved The waters are distilled in quantity to a pint or a pint and a half The things to be dissolved are alwaies some fit syrup to three or four ounces sometimes according to the scope Diamoron Dianucum Honey to one ounce and a half or two ounces also sometimes some juice convenient for the affection as Vinegar Verjuice in repellers to 2 or 3 ounces 2. Or of waters and Juices chiefly cooling of the first sort 8 ounces of the latter 4 with the aforesaid things that are to be dissolved 3. Or which is usual of the decoction of divers parts of plants according to your scope more or fewer neer the proportion of a Clister made in a fit liquor in lib. 1. or lib. 1 and a half in which let the aforesaid things be dissolved The VSE and FORM â„ž c. make a Gargarisme with which wash the mouth often an hour before dinner and supper or else at any time if need be cold if to repel warm if to digest The VTILITY is various according to the variety of the affections to repel in the beginning of inflammations for every hot distemper of the mouth for defluxions to cleanse to digest in inflammations for the il savour of the mouth for divers affections of the Jaws and mouth Sometimes though seldom 't is made to draw phlegm out of the head of the decoction of cutting cleansing cephalical things of thin parts but mastcatories are better for this CHAP. VI. Of an Apophlegmatisme IT is a sort of the Caput-purgiums or head-purgers as also is the Errhinum dedicated to the phlegmatick affections of the braine to draw forth forth flegme from it from whence it hath its name as for that which some do in calling them Masticatories 't is abusively for there are liquid Apophlegmatismes yet 't is of late received for a practical use because the solid form of an Apophlegmatisme is the the more vsual so that by the word Apophlegmatisme they simply understand a Masticatory as you may easily perceive But be it as it wil 't is two fold dry and liquid This Form of Head-purging Medicines is properly called a Masticatory but commonly called also an Apophlegmatisme 'T is COMPOUNDED or prescribed 1. Of fit phlegm-purging simples see the matter as usually Pellitory of Spaine c. steeped a night in an ounce or two of Vinegar which let him chew in the morning 2. Or else of the powder of the aforesaid sharp things of thin parts to 3 drams or half an ounce which is mixed with wax q. s Or else with only Mastick others do otherwise but wax is most convenient for so the powder holds the firmer together 3 Or the aforesaid powder is included in a thin but strong linnen cloth and is tyed in a knot for which usually one ounce of Mastick is taken for a basis and 2 or 3 drams of other sharper things these are prescribed make them into little knots c. The USE and FORM of the second manner â„ž c. with c. make pellets or spetting balls or globulets like great pils or troschischs in the form of Lupines hazzle Nuts c. of the weight of 2 scruples one dram c. Make chewable cakes of which let him chew one and rowle it up and down his mouth every morning when his stomack is empty and that for half an hour holding down his head often spitting out that that dissolves from the pellet after let him wash his mouth with warm water wine c. that the relicks remaining may be washed often away it may also be reiterated two hours before supper The VTILITY 't is singular after general evacuations for the particular purging of the brain it draws away the relicks of phlegmatick humors especially from the brain and chiefly from the center and foremost ventricles of it as also from the adjoyning parts to it it also purgeth the parts neer the mouth as gums jaws teeth in the ach of which 't is usual mouth throat and whethersoever the heat of it it can diffuse it self Lastly it melts cuts and draws forth plegm and is excellent in cold and inveterate affections of the brain The liquid Apophlegmatisme It is like the Gargarisme which may be called the purging gargarisme 'T is Compounded of the Decoction of Cephalical things that attenuate and cut whether roots leaves seeds flowers neer the quantity of a gargarisme adding also things that draw forth phlegme to an ounce an ounce and a half or two ounces made in wine or Mead. Note that it may be made more purgative by adding in the decoction Senna
morning or at other times when the brain is benummed or when the birth is to be provoked The UTILITY is remarkable to empty the brain of gross vapours and slime from the fore-parts of it and is profitable in lasting and sleepy affections to expel the birth having first taken medicines to that purpose it powerfully draws from the tunicles of the brain and is profitable in affections of them proceeding from cholerick humors The altering Errhine I call that so which is used to cure divers affections of the nostrils and this is also three-fold liquid soft solid T is Compounded 1. Either of convenient Juices drawn out of Leaves with water or some fit Liquor to 6 or 7 ounces in which afterwards is dissolved Honey or some convenient syrup to an ounce and a half or two ounces and sometimes a powder to half an ounce Or of some fit decoction to the quantity of a Clyster in which also is dissolved honey or some proper syrup to two or three ounces 2. Or in the form of a Liniment of fit things as above 3. Or in a solid form viz. of a Turund as they cal it of a powder chiefly of binders and dryers to three drams viz. for one and the white of an egg some fit juice or honey to make them up withal make them up into a Turund or Pyramidfashioned Tent adding if you will the hairs of an Hare and put it up in the nostrils The VSE and FORM is as that of the purging Errhine yet the use of this may be at any time and particularly when they go to bed let them put in one in the morning another The VTILITY is great in particular affections of the Nose as in the Ozena Polipus Ulcers stench bleeding to which Turunds are used in the form of a Liniment CHAP. IX Of Suffiments or Fumes SVffiments differ from Adoraments or sweet-scented perfumes in this because the last cast their scent without fire but Suffiments do not part with theirs without the touch of fire And this is twofold one for pleasure another for health sake and either of these may be dry or moyst that is called a Fume or suffiment this is rather to he called a vapor The Suffiment for pleasure This is chiefly dedicated to grace the Court and for pleasures consisting of sweet-scented things and is either dry or moyst The dry is COMPOUNDED 1. Either in the form of a Powder the matter of which is either well-scented Gums as Stirax and Benzoine chiefly and also roots as Acorns c. Barks as of Citrons Orenges Woods as Lignum Aloes Leaves as Margerom c. Cephalical flowers and spices as Mace Cloves Cinnamon c. Also Camphire Musk Amber-greece Civet c. Of these more or fewer As to the quantity the Dose of the whole may be from one ounce to two ounces according as the things are costly but if it be for the perfuming the head-cloathes it may be prescribed to four ounces of the cheaper sortâ— Therefore of this quantity viz. one ounce two ounces let there be of gums half an ounce or four drams of powders three drams c. or of each alike parts Ambergreese Musk Civet as you think fit 2. Or in the Form of Troschischs the aforesaid powder being made up with gum-fragrant dissolved in a fit water make Troschischs c. of the weight of one dram so let them be dryed 3. Or in the form of Cypress Birds as they call them of sweet Gums three ounces the aforesaid powders half an ounce or six drams Charcoal of Willow-wood two ounces or three ounces with Gum-tragant dissolved or Labdunum melted q. s make Cypress birds Caldles for Fumes c. Musk and Amber-greese may be added at your pleasure The USE and Form of the Powder â„ž c. Make a powder to be cast on bright Charcoals to perfume Chambers or cloaths Of the Troschischs this â„ž c. make c. cast one or two on the coals so for the birdlets â„ž c. light one of them for a fume for the chamber The VTILITY though they seem onely intended for pleasure yet seeing they consist of precious cephalical and cordial simples they cannot but cherish the brain heart and spirits of them and drive away malignity The moyst is at this day usually prepared and they cal it a Cassolete 'T is COMPOVNDED best of Gums as Storax Benzoin to two ounces and if you wil of some of the powders to two or three drams these are all dissolved in some sweet water as of Roses and then Cassolets made for a long use like paste and dryed at the time of using them a Cassolete is sprinkled with some sweet water and then heated over the fire it breaths forth a very fragrant perfume and to make it the more delightful you may add gr 3 or 4 of Musk. The Vtility is the same with that of the dry one Suffiment for Health That Fume that is addicted to the conservation of health is from its effect two-fold one strengthening the principal parts and refreshing the spirits almost of the same things as that for pleasure The other altering as drying the brain cleansing the Lungs moving the courses helping suffocation c. From the forme 't is also two-fold dry and moist The DRY in general is made of things which breathe forth a Fume and that wel-sented as Ladanum Storax Benzoin c. as aforesaid and sometimes ill-sented as Galbanum assa Foetida Castoreum c. the use of which is from beneath in affections of the Womb 't is also made of the powders of things serving to the scope as of Roots Woods c. therefore in general 't is made of gums and powders But in special 't is compounded first in the form of a powder of the aforesaid things from one to two ounces according as the use is to continue long or short and particularly let there be of gums 2 ounces of powders half an ounce c. sometimes more sometimes less as you think fit Note that in the affections of the Womb are usually taken among the powders Gallia and Alipta Moscata and sometimes the powders of strengthening electuaries to one dram And sometimes a Fumigation or Suffiment is made only of Tobacco cast on coals or else of the smoke taken by a pipe or tunnel it purgeth the head and brain wonderfully from cholerick and phlegmatick excrements 2. Else in the form of Troschischs see before The VSE and FORM of the Powder â„ž c. Make a powder of which cast c. on bright coals and if it be for the head receive the smoke at the mouth or else smoke the headclothes with it if it be for the diseases of other parts springing from thence as the Phthisis c. if it be for the breast receive it with open mouth if it be for the Womb and other cavities receive the smoke by a tunnel as also thorow a hollow stool if it be for paines of the joynts fume wel
if to be had honey of Roses strained Or Electuaries which are either soft as Opiates or solid as Tabulets Opiates either purge al humors as Catholicon or phlegm only as Diaphoenicon Indum minus benedicta Laxativa Hiera picra though unpleasantly or Choler as Diaprunum simplex Diacassia Tryphera Persica Diaprunum solutivum Electuar of Roses Mesues Electuary de Psillio or Phlegm and Choler together as Diaphoenicum Indum minus or Melancholy as Catholicon best of al Diasenna solutive Confectio hamech minor or else watrish humors as Benedicta laxative solid Electuaries either respect choler as Eleci de succo rosar or phlegme as Diacarthamum Electuary de citro solutives or Choler and Phlegme together as the two last Or some powder extant in the shops as Diaturbith in Germany for phlegm and waterish humors Magisterial purgers use to be prescribed by the Physitian for present use and as is the infusion of Rhuebarb alwayes prescribed but chiefly for cholerick humours thus let the infusion of 1 dram or a dram and a half of Rheubarb made in Endive or Succory water or else the expression of one dram or a dram and half of Rheubarb or the infused Liquor of one dram or a dram and a half of Rheubarb for these three wayes sound the same thing ALTERERS or Sweetners besides those now mentioned are usually syrups but Manna is often given alone with broth Diacarthamum Rheubarb Mechoacam are most commonly prescribed to be taken in white Wine And these in respect of their quality are onely used as alterers if the decoction or infusion be sufficiently purging it self or if a sufficient quantity of other purgers be dissolved in the strained Liquor and those respecting both the humour and part affected from whence succeeds a happy event Or purgers also when things are otherwise and the most usual for al potions almost is syrup of Roses solutive But in relation to the quantity in general the dose of the purgers to be dissolved shal be more or less according as the decoction or infusion or both shal be nothing at al or more or less purging for Catharticks are to be dissolved in such a quantity that they may make one whole and allowable dose with the simple purgers if any be either decocted or infused which may easily be known by the several doses both of simple and compound purgers as for example the dose of Senna in a decoction that it may only moderately purge is an ounce or an ounce and a half or rather from half an ounce to an ounce of Rhubarb in the infusion that it might moderately purge frō a dram and half to half an ounce so that if you prescribe a decoction of half an ounce of Senna in which it should be infused because half an ounce is onely one third of the dose in which it may be given that is of an ounce and a half in which it purgeth moderately and also prescribe one dram of Rhuebarb which is but a fourth part of the whole dose of Rheubarb it comes to pass that these joyned make only 7 twelfths of the whole dose which make not up the whole dose by five twelfths to supply wch you must dissolve so much of some fit Electuary as may make the dose compleat as Electuary Diacarthamum whose dose since it is fix drams you must borrow from thence 7 twelfths viz. two drams a half so have you the proportion which may allowably be dissolved that with the help of the others it may moderately purge the body where other contingencies are indifferent And thus the dose of those things that are to be dissolved is to be examined that al things may be prescribed safely not dangerously or by chance But in special when the Liquor of a potion is little or nothing purging at Montpellier for a body where al things are moderate we may dissolve Manna to 2 ounces or 3 ounces Cassia in a smal quantity and not unless some powerful indication require it as in lenifying the affections of the breast and Reins because it makes potions gross and ungrateful if it should be dissolved in his legitimate dose therefore 't wil be best to dissolve not above three drams or four drams but that this smal quantity may be made up you may add the stronger sort of purging electuaries to three drams or half an ounce wherefore usually that it may be more acceptable in potions 't were better to infuse it as they do at Paris Rheubarb if it be dissolved in substance against the dysentery or flux of the belly c. you may do it to one scruple half a dram or one dram for a purging powder should not much exceed one dram otherwise it may be too thick and thereby ungrateful Mechoacan to one dram and a dram and half Jalop to one dram Syrup of Roses solutive new to three ounces and four ounces for old syrup is not used Some things are seldom used or dissolved to purge by themselves as the syrup of Roses solutive unless in delicate persons as to them that are easily purged or else as it is sometimes when the decoction of it self is very purgative Electuaries of the shops in the form of opiats if gentle as diaprunis simple diacassia Tryphera Persica Diasebesten Catholicon though seldom to one ounce or an ounce and half at most for in a greater quantity they thicken the Liquor too much diaprunis solutive and Electuary de Psillio to half an ounce six drams or one ounce at most for strong people Indum minus Diaphoenicum from three drams to six drams Benedicta laxativa from two drams to five drams But those which are in the form of Tabulets as diacarthamum de citro solutive de succo rosarum from 3 drams to six drams at most in the strongest people The dose of the infusion of Rheubarb is above-mentioned Sweetning syrups when altering although purgers are only dissolved from one ounce to an ounce and half when purging from one ounce to half an ounce unless you would purge with them only which is seldom seen The USE and FORM of prescribing is various according to the variety of the Liquor I. If the Liquor be any of the above-mentioned decoctions 't is prescribed ℞ c. viz. the said ingredients make a decoction in q. s. of a fit Liquor to three ounces or four ounces strain in it c. or without straining make a decoction c. take of the strained Liquor three ounces or four ounces for either way is usual in which dissolve c. make a potion to be taken in the morning with care and order having eaten a light supper the night before But if you would not describe your decoction at length 't wil be sufficient if having set down the purgers you prescribe any as for example the decoction of Endive Agrimony Maidenbair c. Make a potion c. II. If of any officinal decoction ℞ c. viz. the things that are to be dissolved with q.
compleat the whole dose taking the greater quantity of this or that or equal parts as you see fit The USE is for 1 dose only according to the present necessity at any time of the day or the disease And this is the usual FORM of RESCRIBING ℞ c. viz. the Liquor in which dissolve c. so make a potion to be taken at such or such an hour Mark this that because some Cordials are dissolved in the potion they may be prescribed in the said form or else without the straining after dissolution 't is usual to prescribe all the ingredients adding only Make a potion The UTILITY 'T is very effectual against divers affections of the heart as Swooning panting c. malignant affections poysons and when it is to be strengthened being made weak by the violence of diseases as also when the virtues of it and al other principal parts are dejected they are through the continuance of the whole disease to be assisted and restored being weakned to be strengthened and confirmed being exhausted to be recruited An altering Potion THat is to be called an altering Potion which is under a Liquid form not allotted either to purge hurtful humors or comfort the strength of the body oppressed so it be to alter any way or evacuate so it do it not by purging as in expelling the stone of the Reines c. prescribed for one onely dose to be taken by the mouth at one time The COMPOSITION of it is the same as of the corroborating potion viz. of a Liquor fitted for your present intention either a distill'd water only or else some Juyce or decoction being added to it and some convenient powder to be altered according to the variety of your indications and a proper syrup serving to the intention of the Physitian al which are prescribed in the dose after the same manner as the strengthening potion as you may perceive by one or two examples following A somniferous potion restoring and corroborating the strength exhausted by over-watchings ℞ Water of red Poppyes water Lilles and Lettuce of each two ounces syrup of white Poppy one ounce syrup of Violets half an ounce Consectio Alkermes half a dram Make a potion to be taken at the time of going to sleep A Potion for the Worms and also Cordial Take the water of Purslane and grass of each two ounces Confection of Hyacinth half a dram powder of Earthworms dryed one scruple Coralin and the shavings of Hartshorn of each one scruple syrup of Lemons one ounce So make a potion A potion to hasten delivery of a Child Take Hypocras made by the infusion of Cinnamon and Dittany in white Wine four ounces or five ounces Cinnamon water half an ounce Corfectio Alchermes one dram Saffron half a scruple syrup of Mugwort one cunce So make a potion CHAP. IV. Of Syrups DIvers simples there are Herbs Roots Seeds Fruits Flowers and others or the Juyces of them which cannot be had alwayes when need requires them especially in winter and autumn that decoctions infusions or other Medicines may be prepared of them for a present use or else they cannot be preserved sound without loss of their virtues so long a time or if they may yet the urgency of the affection or other inconveniencies do not alwayes allow such leisure as to attend the preparing of Medicines of them in divers forms or til the virtues of them may be sufficiently extracted from hence appears the necessity of syrups for the divers virtues of Plants thus kept and preserved by the benefit of Sugar or Honey in the form of a syrup are alwayes ready for use in every pressing necessity to serve for the various scope of the Physitian and are preserved sound without any depravation having joyned with them a grateful taste so that syrups are as it were a certain preserving of a medicinal Liquor Juyce decoction or infusion in which is retained the efficacy of the Medicines But a syrup is the invention of the Arabians and was scarce known to the antient Greeks we read of only mention made of Oximel and cute in Galen and Hypocrates after whose example the Mauritanians have a lorned their pharmacentick art with a various collection of syrups the modern Greeks as Actuarius cals it Scrapium Some derive this name from the Greek others from the Arabick but this is little considerable Whatsoever it is though at this time it be taken either properly for that which I shal describe and for that which is extant in the shops or improperly for a decoction preparing humors or an Apozem as Rondeletius and Jeubertus have written as an altering Julep for the Italians at this day cal a Julep Serapium perhaps because a syrup is the basis of a Julep yet at Montpelier A SYRUP is a fluid form of a Medicine made of a decoction Juyces or an infusion preserved with Sugar or Honey boyled to such a consistence that a drop on a marble or plate may not spread abroad prepared either to alter or purge It is of two sorts an altering syrup as was the syrup of the Antients and this hath been revived by our latest Physitians and a purging syrup The altering Syrup The definition of an altering syrup is to be sought among those things which we have said before in the altering Apozem as also the differences there set down But for the clearer method use and prescription sake it is two-fold Officinal and Magisterial The officinal or usual is that which is publickly extant 〈…〉 in the Apothecarys shops of which I 〈…〉 in the use of it and in respect of the prescribing of it many things occur necessary to be known hereafter to be rehearsed And this diversly divided as wel in relation to its virtues as its composition The differences taken from the virtues are considered either in general hot cold moist dry temperate Or in special in respect of the humors and other parts of the body In relation to the humors it alters either in the first qualities to which belong according to the diversity of the humor that which alters concocts digests prepares either choler phlegm melancholy or blood or in the second qualities in which number are contained those which cut attenuate incrassat cleanse binde or in the third qualities hither are referd those which cause easy coughing lenifie expectorate provoke Urine break the Stone provoke the courses condense the parts expel poyson and corroborate In regard of the parts which they properly respect some are Cephalical others Cordial c. which you may seek among the store of Physical remedies here I shal only propound the division of the Officinal syrups according to their composition and faculties onely considered generally because other things more appertain to the physical magazeen withal intending to give a Catalogue of the more usual sort because some are here in use which in other places are grown obsolete and so on the contrary neither is there the same number in use every where
Of Almond Milk THis differs not much in colour and taste from an Emulsion only 't is usually thicker than it This is two-fold one more liquid being a milky substance drawn out of Almonds like the Emulsion as aforesaid another thicker made thick with boyling of which at present And this is a restorative Medicine somewhat thinner of substance than syrup much like Milk hence 't is called Almond Cream Almond milk drawn and sweetned with Sugar prepared both to alter and nourish CHAP. IX Of Barly Cream THat which we from the matter it is made of call Barly cream the Antients from the manner of preparing called Ptisan which was a meat made of barly huld and baked for the Greek word signifies to hull and bark and water usually we cal this barly cream but our ptisan is a drink And though it be seldom prescribed yet 't is COMPOUNDED either after the grosser manner of barly cleansed and boyled which is given together with the broth adding sugar as you list but this is only convenient for sound people Or else that which is truly barly cream of huld barley two ounces let it boyle in fair water over a gentle fire then cast away the water and boyl it is a new water four or five houres with a gentle fire then pulp the barly thorow a strainer sweeten it with one ounce or ounce and a half or two ounces of sugar and after let them be a little boyled The VSE anciently it was wont to be the meat of feverish people but now a dayes 't is given for the most part neer sleeping time and then if they are troubled with over-watching there is added to it little of the emulsion prepared with white poppy seeds The UTILITY of it is much in fevers in which it is an alimentory medicine cooling cleansing nourishing much breeding good juyce it moystens and is best for affections of the breast hecticks CHAP. X. Of Milk and the whey of Milk MIlk also happens to be prescribed but chiefly in the phthyfick and disentery and that with some caution both in the sort of milk and also in the dose and manner of giving it Asses milk is chiefly commended in the hectick because it restores radical moysture and is of good juice Cows milk is the fattest and fullest of butter sheeps milk is fullest of cheese Goats milk moderate between all best for persons extenuated As to the USE DOSE and manner of PRESCRIBING 't is this â„ž of Asses milk when you would cool cleanse but Goats milk when you would nourish four ounces of sugar or honey left it corrupt or grow sowr in the stomack one ounce and this for the first dose for the second dose increasing one ounce to five ounces so proceeding til you come to ten ounces or twelve ounces and then decreasing again by the same degrees til you are returned to the same quantity let it be taken 4 hours before meat neither sleeping nor moving the body violenly after the taking of it But the use of milk is never to be begun til the body be very wel cleansed The UTILITY 't is chiefly prescribed for those that are hectical for it fattens restores in the use of it we must have a care that the body be not impure for in a cold stomack it sowres in a hot it turns to a nidorousness from whence comes Head-ach it is not therefore profitable for them that are Feverish or have their short rib-region puft up but 't is very commodious in the dysentery both to lenifie and also cleanse and heal the Ulcer especially if it be chalibeated and you give a good quantity of it morning and evening with one scruple of Terra sigillata four hours before any meat The WHEY OF MILK is not nourishing but medicinal and evacuates both serous and adust humors if it be liberally taken it cools and is good in those that are Feverish and in the heat of the Liver and Reins in summer time but most profitable in Melancholy and affections proceeding from it as the Leprosie Scabbiness c. especially if Fumitory be steeped in it This is the USE and manner of PRESCRIBING â„ž VVhey of Milk let it be strained boyled both because it is windy as also that any thing of curdiness in it may be separated and settled then steep in two pound of it for one night one handful of Fumitory of Succory m. ss when 't is strained add to it an ounce or an ounce and half of Sugar but the second day two ounces are to be added more so every day increasing til you come to three pound afterwards on the contrary decreasing til you come to one pound Otherwise let one pound serve every day for a moneth together steeping in it the same quantity of Fumitory adding to it when 't is strained one ounce of Sugar and in Melancholy people as much of the Cider or juice of pippins Otherwise 't is used for fevers and heats to eight ounces with sorrel steeped in it and that in the morning four hours before meat that they more hang in it tyed in a ragg 2 drams or more of yest or Leven and add to it half a dram or two scruples of spices to every pound and so according to the quantity of Hony The USE and UTILITY it is prescribed for the ordinary drink in cold affections and especially the phlegmatick and where the abstaining from VVine is advantagious or where the use of it is hurtful as in the Palsey or when we desire effectual virtues powerful both to alter cold humors and strengthen the natural heat it also wonderfully preserves from putrefaction But as it is convenient for them that are of cold complexion and for old men so is it hurtful for those that are feverish cholerick or hot of temper because it soon turns into choler and grows bitter as we may finde in boyling it over-much or by keeping it too long therefore Hippocrates forbiâ—s it to them that are very cholerick or that have great spleens in which it is too suddenly drawn into the body from hence it is that it is the cause of crudities and incredible windiness of the intrals it is also according to Hippocrates diuretica wonderfully cleansing and driving forth sand 〈◊〉 or gravel The Winish performs this more sorcibly and like Malmsey powerfully concocts cold humours expectorates â—â—enâ—thens the stomack and concoction discusseth windiness concocts crudities as also doth the commoner sort according to Galen it wonderfully loosens humors in the breast and is good for them that be asthmatick The Medicinal Mead is easily prepared of the simple by boyling dryed simples in it respecting the part to which it is destined and of those such as are most pleasant let them be boyled after it is clear scum'd let them be for example four handfuls of Herbs boyl them and strain the LIquor from them in which infuse for two or three hours half an ounce or six drams of spices
sort of alterer ought to be taken in the morning The pectoral drink also as to the manner is taken without sweat As to the dose six ounces also and is to be continued also for fifteen dayes The Time also is the morning And this is the FORM of PRESCRIBING In a decoction not pectoral â„ž c. make a decoction keep it in a glazed vessel for four or five morning doses which the body being first purged let him continue for ten or fifteen dayes in the mean time observing a moderate and drying diet and for his ordinary drink let him use the second decoction of the aforesaid ingredients which is called a Bochette But in a pectoral one â„ž China or other thing infuse them in c. of water then put them in the belly of a chick together with the fruits c. boyl it til it be all to pieces adding at the latter end of the decoction the leaves c. viz. the preparers straine all with a gentle pressure in one pound of the strained liquor dissolve c. for two doses to be given in the morning keeping his bed two or three hours after without sweating let him continue this fifteen or 20 or 30 dayes the body being first purged with Manna which is to be repeated once in fifteen dayes in the mean time living temperatly and using the second decoction of China or small mead for his ordinary drink The Utility is remarkeable in all long-lasting affections when your scope requires the attenuating resolving or otherwise insensibly consuming that collection offilthy humors that foments this sort of chronical affections as also to rarifie the wayes and passages by which they are to be digested and to prepare them powerfully for expurgation neither is it safe to use them with sweat as in the Asthma and Phthysis especially in which now a dayes this sort of diet is onely prescribed in which affections 't is pernitious to use either purgers or Sudorificks Neither can we consume or evacuate those humors that are the fomenters of such affections any other way An evacuating Diet drink SVch as is now a dayes for the most part only prescribed is here understood which consumes and empties the morbifical causes by sweat And this is two-fold one only sweating the other is also purgative The sweating decoction is now only properly called a Diet-drink and is as I said before that which visibly consumes the Antecedent and conjunct causes of diseases by sweatings In this three things are to be marked the Composition the Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION two things are to be considered 1. The matter of which this sort of decoctions are made 2. The Liquor in which they are boyled And in either of them both the quality and the quantity The matter in respect of the quality is either sudorifical or also altering both at once sometimes As to the sudorificks 't is compounded either of Guaiacum and its barkonly or only China seldom of Salsaparâ—lla alone and hardly ever of Sassafras alone Either of Guaiacum as the basis with sometimes one sometimes two of the others mixed with it according to the divers intentions of the Physitian or else that the too much heat of Guaiacum might be allayed yet retaining the same benefit of sweating Or of China as the basis with Salsaparilla or Sassafras where the scope is to heat less yet it dries as much and consumes vitious humors equally As to the alterers it is most profitable with the aforesaid to add divers altering simples towards the end of the decoction that may be appropriated to the humor and part affected whereby the Diet-drink becomes famous or else they are added to this end only to correct allay the heating and drying quality of the Guaiacum lest it too much inflame the Liver and for this are used Roots Leaves Seeds Fruits Flowers either more or less As to the quantity sudorificks prescribed alone or mixt should be allotted to one ounce or an ounce and a half for every dose and because a sweating diet-drink is usually prescribed for 4 doses only four ounces or six ounces ought to be prescribed which quantity may be lessened or augmented according to the variety of the tempers age strength time of the year constitution of the disease Country c. But the alterers when they are added to them should be prescribed to half the quantity they are appointed for the Apozem and as to their order they should be set after the sudorificks this is every where to be observed that in the decoction of Guaiacum you are to add Liquorice and Raisins of the Sun ana an ounce or one ounce and a half The LIQUOR in relation to its quality is prescribed to be fountain-water As to the quantity although by the precepts of art in the decoction of Roots and Woods it ought to be eight times so much as of the things to be boyled yet because in the decoction of these sweating drinks much of the Liquor useth to be wasted it ought to be twelve times their quantity so that to one ounce of Sudorificks should be one pint of water and then to be boyled til half be wasted which is the most usual manner it may also be prescribed to a pint and half and then boyled til two thirds be wasted The USE as to the quantity eight cuâ—ces of this sort of decoction may be given As to the manner let it be drank warm covering the body with many clothes more than is wont As to the time 't is best in the morning sometimes though seldom 't is repeated at evening in very strong and phlegmatick bodies abounding with excrementiâ—ious humours The FORM OF PRESCRIBING is after this example of Guaiacum â„ž the shavings of the wood of Guaiacum four ounces the bark of the same two ounces let them be infused in six or nine pints of fountain water twenty four hours over warm embers the Vessel being close stopped then boil them with a gentle fire of fresh charcoal without smoak till half be wasted afterwards run them throrow an hypocras bag but if you desire the decoction the stronger presse them out gently sweeten the decoction with three ounces or four ounces of Sugar and aromatize it with a dram and a half or two drams of Cinnamom but this sweetning and aromatizing may better be omitted in those that are lesse curious palated so keep it in a glazed vessel for your use let him take of this decoction eight ounces warm in the morning covering him warmer than usually and let him sweat as he can reasonably endure it Note that when Alterers are prescribed wiâ—h the sudorificks it may be appointed in the form thus towards the end of the decoction adde such things c. â„ž the remainders of the decoction aforesaid viz. when no other simples are added to it add if you wil an ounce of some of the aforesaid sudorificks fresh infuse them in 12 pints of founta in water eight or twelve
above declared in the form of the sudorifical diet-drink otherwise it is to be prescribed and prepared of fresh ingredients one ounce or two ounces of the same or some other sudorifick being added over and above let all be infused twelve hours in twelve pints of water as above solet them be boyled onely to the consumption of a third or fourth part let them be strained thorow an Hippocras bagg and rellish it with half a pound or a pound of sugar or else season it to your palate and aromatize it with three drams or half an ounce of Cinnamom so make a secondary Decoction or a â—ochete to be kept in glass bottles for your ordinary drink Or else 't is made for present use either in regard no diet-drink hath been prescribed before out of whose residence this may be prepared or because perhaps it was composed of other simples both alterers and purgeâ—e whose virtues are not needful in this kinde of ordinary drink then is it to be prepared of some one or more of the suborificks prescribed to two ounces or two ounces and a half after the same manner as is above-said so make a Bochete to be used as is said The USE FORM and UTILITY are already sufficiently declared CHAP. XV. Of Cock-Broth THe reason of the name is plain this was the invention of the Antients and is much confirmed by the use and practise of late Physitians But this DECOCTION of a Cock is a broth prepared either to alter or purge of an old Cock together with some certain sudorificks and also alterers and sometimes also purgers From hence this sort of decoction is two-fold altering and purging The altering Cock-borth IN the altering broth are considered chiefly the matter and the Licuor and in both of them the quality and quantity As to the matter in respect of its quality an old COCK is taken as it were for the basis Then either his belly is filled with these following things or else they are added neer the end of the decoction and they are usually these sudorificks as China Salsaparilla Sassafras either alone or mixed in the Asthma and Hypochondriacal melancholy they are chiefly prescribed as also to them alterers as Roots Leaves Seeds Fruits more or less As to the quantity Sudorificks are prescribed to two ounces but the alterers much like their quantity in the altering Apozem or somewhat less The LIQUOR as to the quality is alwayes fair water As to the quantity q. s The USE as to the quantity the dose is six or eight ounces As to the time 't is to be taken in the morning continuing the use of if fifteen dayes or the space of a moneth And this is the FORM â„ž an old decrepit red Cock or of four or five years old that hath been tired with coursing and beating pul off his feathers whiles he is alive then strangle him and take out his bowels let his belly be filled with the Sudorificks fruits and seeds as aforesaid then sew it up and boyl him in a glazed pot with a sufficient quantity of water til the flesh be consumed and wholly fal from the bones but when the broth is scum'd at first add the roots c. and towards the end of the decoction add the leaves and flowers c. boyl them til there remains about three pints of broth straine it and presse it out strongly and keep the decoction in a glass bottle in a cold place taking off all the fat when it is cold Take of this broth from one pint to eight ounces in the morning adding if you wil especially in the affections of the breast sugar or some fit syrup to an ounce continuing it fifteen dayes or the space of one moneth The UTILTY of it is much in stubborn obstructions hence it is that it is generally prescribed in the hypochondriacal melancholy for which purpose there is usually prescribed for this sort of broth the â—â—ots of Parsley Succory Grass Sparagus the leaves of Ceterach Baume Bugloss Burnet Agrimony Frâ—its as Corans and sometimes China and Sassâ—fras wood it is also used in any other durable obstructions of the intrals as also in the affections of the breast especially the Asthma to which China is added with fruits â—dedicated to the breast and in arthritical pains with wood of Sassasras and for paleness of the face c. The purging Cock-broth IT differs not from the former except that beside the aforesaid ingredients there are also added purgers and for the most part these of Senna Polypody Carthamus and two ounces or two ounces and a half Agarick one ounce as much Epithymum which are shut up in the belly of the duck and is prescribed to be made a decoction to two pints in which dissolve if you wil four ounces of sugar and to be aromatized c. for 4 morning doses thus to be used every moneth And the hypochondriacal melancholy obstructions of the bowels Gout and Cholick but 't is very seldom used for the Asthma or difficulty of breath CHAP. XVI Of the Restorative distilled liquor WHere the sick are extreamly weakned either by the violence or length of the disease or some extreame evacuation they very hardly digest any meat to repair their lost spirits or else through nauseousness they refuse all yet ought the strength both to be preserved and restored wherefore the late Writers have invented a way to preserve them by liquors distilled out offlesh that hath both good and much nourishment This from the effect is called the distilled Restorative as also sometimes from the matter 't is made of they call it Capon-water This DISTILLED RESTORATIVE distilled water or Liquor thus drawn by a still imbued with the nourishing virtue of the flesh chiefly of Capons and with the Medicinal virtues of divers conserves powders waters and Juyces is chiefly prepared to restore lost and decaying strength And in this three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION two things chiefly the matter of which 't is made and the things 〈◊〉 be dissolved in it As to the MATTER 't is commonly the flesh of a Capon or Hen or else of two Partridges cut in the middle cleansed from the fat bones washed in some Cordial Liquor as Rose-water white Wine c. to this they take mingle with it â—ivers Conserves Preserves Cordial powders to little purpose leaves of Gold c. and sprinkle all with a convenient Liquor and distil it in balneo Mariae but because by this means the nourishing quality of the flesh is very smal or none in the distilled water and this manner also is reproved the thing is to be more accurately performed which wil be done if you boyl the aforesaid flesh to a perfect pap and thence strain forth the broth and with it mix the aforesaid things and distil them The matter of this sort of distillation is twofold nourishing and Medicinal the nourishing matter as to the quality usually one Capon
other things are joyned with it either chiefly to make it penetrate or give it the more efficacy and this is most commonly white wine for the heart Vinegar for the Liver so also for its greater virtues there are usually added the juyces of Fruits as of Limons or else of Leaves proper for the affection Sometimes the Liquor is a very liquid decoction of appropriate things but seldom As to the quantity 't is usually prescribed to one pint or 15 ounces therefore if water be prescribed it should be to such a quantity but if other liquid things be added let this be the proportion of water 8 ounces of Juyces from two ounces to three of Wine or Vinegar from half an ounce to an ounce The Powder as to its quality is either simple of Cordial or Hepatical woods barks chiefly also of flowers seeds c. or compound of strengthening electuaries and sometimes aromatical troschischs As to the quantity to every ounce of liquor one scruple or half a dram of powder wil suffice so that to the whole proportion half an ounce or 6 drams may be prescribed so that not above a dram or two of the species of Electuaries may be taken The things of mean consistence in relation to their quality there is sometimes besides the liquor and powder of which an Epithe me alwayes consists a strengthening Opiate or cordial confection as Alchermes prescribed to one dram or two drams The VSE as to the manner it is applyed with a scarlet cloth or some soft linnen dipped in it gently pressed forth and applyed warm and when it either grows cold or dry 't is to be renewed several times and continued thus a quarter or half an hour twice a day No quantity for each time is set down The time is in the morning and evening if the affection be cold or it be in winter otherwise it is to be used 4 times a day if hot or it be summer and note this diligently that if the strength be extream weak after the use of a liquid one the solid one should be prescribed The FORM of prescribing â„ž c. Make a liquid Epitheme to be kept in a glass at the time of using it take a scarlet cloth c. The VTILITY 't is generally used to corroborate and also to cool seldom to heat for this purpose the solid form is more effectual it is prescribed against the hot distempers of the heart and Liver as also to strengthen and resist malignity if there be any suspition of it their use is chiefest in Fevers in the Summer time Note that liquid Epithemes may be applyed to the whole breast profitably in burning and hectick severs composed of moyst and cooling waters or decoctions prescribed in a greater quantity as also in the burnings of the head Phrensie c. see Rose-vinegar They are also sometimes applyed to the testicles in extream heats for by their communication with the whole body the very habit of the body and the blood is cooled therefore it is most profitable in the bleeding at nose or otherwise and to this purpose they use a mixture of vinegar and water to the same end sometimes cooling things are applyed to the hand-wrists against the heat and fervency of the heart so also to the fieriness of the face c. in summ every thing comprehended under the name of an Epitheme may be used to any part inflamed or beset with a hot affection though the word Epitheme be properly understood of a thing in relation to the heart or Liver The solid Epitheme That is called so that is not fluid like water though they are prescribed of a diverse consistence as wel a soft as otherwise In it note three things Composition the Vse and Vtility As to the COMPOSITION 't is made divers wayes 1. Either and this is most usual in the form of an Opiate made of conserves of flowers powders of electuaries but seldom of a simple powder and of Confections as aforesaid with a fit Liquor distilled water simple or compound an appropriate juyce c. As to the quantity in general it scarce exceeds four ounces but in special let there be of conserves three ounces confections three drams powders one dram or two at most 2. Or else in form of a liniment especially in hot affections of the heart as also in cold they may also be used in affections of the Liver of oyntment of Roses ceratum santalinum c. two ounces fit conserves half an ounce six drams to cordial powders half a dram or two scruples 3. Or of See what Pipio signifies for it is not a Pippin a Pippin cut in two in the middle and is most usual which let bestrewed with one dram of the powder of some cordial Electuary or two drams of the powder of ordinary Epithemes Hither may be referred Puppies and Kittens cut in halves to be applyed to the head chiefly in the declination of Phrensies sprinkled with a digesting and strengthening powder of the flowers of Roses Chamomil berries of kermes and such like to half an ounce The VSE as to the manner let the solid one in the form of an Opiate be extended on a scarlet cloth wet in a convenient Liquor and gently pressed and then be applyed warm to the region of the heart and that either after the use of the liquid one or otherwise also The time is indifferent it may be renewed twice or thrice a day The FORM appears out of the composition â„ž c. make an Epitheme c. The utility of a solid form like an Opiate is chiefly to strengthen and heat as also that in form of a Liniment and that made with a Pipio see before they may also be made to cool of Conserves in the form of a Liniment but that form is chiefly used and most profitable for the Liver In general they are made to alter strengthen where the strength is much wasted CHAP. II. Of Lotions THe reason and definition of the name is clear for it is as it were a particular kinde of Bathe dedicated chiefly to the head and feet hence I account it two-fold Cephalical and for the feet The Cephalical Lotion Is COMPOVNDED of a decoction of Cephalical simples in which two things are to be considered the matter and the Liquor in these the quality and quantity The MATTER in relation both to quality and quantity there is taken of roots to two ounces or three ounces of Leaves from four handfuls to eight seeds from one ounce to two flowers pug 4. Note that sometimes spices are added to half an ounce or six drams and when you would dry powerfully unmelted brimstone half an ounce and when the head is to be particularly purged after general means you may add Senna leaves to one ounce white Agarick half an ounce The Liquor as to the quality is either a Lye made of Vine ashes or the ordinary Lye of Barbers adding white wine if you wil or to the wine
things as the finest flower and binding things as bole Sanguis Draconis Acacia mixed with Vinegar and the white of an Egge and applyed to the forehead against bleeding at nose or to stop the course of humours flowing to the eyes In our usual Frontal we consider three things Composition Vse and Vtility 'T is COMPOUNDED 1. in a dry form which is properly a Frontal as to its quality 't is usually of the flowers of Violets Roses water Lillies white Poppy seed and Lettice seed As to their quantity the flowers use to be prescribed to 3 or 4 pug the seeds to half an ounce Note that sometimes to these are added to strengthen and discuss flowers of Cammomil and Melilot ana p. half the seeds of Coriander and Dil ana half a dram Note also that sometimes these Frontals are made onely of the leaves of Lettice and Henbane to 2 or 3 handfuls bruised and sprinkled with oyl of Violets and Vinegar or sometimes one handful of these are added to the former 2. Or else in a moister form and that 1. in the form of a Liniment of Vnguentum Populeon or of Roses to 6 drams oyls of Violets c. half an ounce or of Unguentum Populeon only 2. In the form of a Cataplasm of Leaves Flowers Seeds as aforesaid adding a little oyl and Vinegar to it The USE and Form of the dryer sort is â„ž c. bruise them and fold them up in a thin linnen cloth make a Frontal which either moistened with the vapor of Vinegar and sprinkled with it is to be applyed to the forehead and temples at the hour of sleep That of the Liniment is â„ž c. Let them be anointed on the forehead and temples at the houre of sleep and after four or five hours let it be wiped off and renewed That of the Cataplasm â„ž c. Make it like a Cataplasm which foulded between a doubled Linnen cloth let it be applyed to the forehead and temples The UTILITY is chiefly to cool against the burnings of the head as in Fevers and the Frensie to procure sleep in long wakefulness which in those affections do much prey on the strength and trouble the minde also to repress vapours in Fevers sometimes to repel and for paines of the head c. CHAP. II. Of an Oxirrhodine SOme refer this to the Epithemes some to the Embrocations taking its name from Vinegar and Oyl of Roses yet seeing 't is a form of Medicine which seems wholly dedicated to the head I wil adjoyn it for the liquid Frontall 'T is Compounded 1. Either more simply of four parts of Oyl of Roses and one of Vinegar beaten wel together so that the whole composition do not exceed 8 ounces or lib 1. at most 2. Or more compound of oyl of Roses and other cephalical oyls with Rose vinegar and cooling cephalical waters to this proportion of oyls 4 or 6 ounces Vinegar 2 or 3 ounces Waters 4 ounces let them be beaten wel together 3. Or instead of waters with Juyces of the same things prescribed in the same quantity The Vse and Form c. beat all wel together let Linnen clothes dipped and wet with this mixture be applyed to the head forehead and temples changing them often The VTILITY 'T is excellent in the frensie and diliniums or ilness of head to repel thin humours and vapours from the head and in burning Fevers where you fear an alienation of the mind CHAP. III. Of a quilt Cap. THis is dedicated to the cold and moist affections of the head 'T is Compounded in relation to its quality of cephalical simples wel sented either roots dryed leaves flowers woods spices as Cloves and Cinnamon c. seldom of seeds and of gums as Benzoin and sometimes Styrax because easily powdered Musk and Ambergreese may be added for the richer sort And this is their usual proportion of roots one ounce dryed Leaves two or three handfuls which may also be prescribed by weight to half an ounce 6 drams flowers to p. 2 3 which may also be appointed by weight to two or three drams or half an ounce gums to one or two drams Musk half a scruple or a scruple c. so that the whole composition do not exceed three or four ounces Note that some wil add those sweet powders which we cal Violet powder and Cyprus powder to half an ounce The USE and FORM â„ž c. Make a powder which mix with fine cotton or sleivesilk so bast it and quilt it between two silks and make a quilt to be worn on the head or sewed to the inside of the Cap sometimes two are prescribed and then the quantity of the powder is to be doubled and 't is said make two Caps of which let him wear one in the night and the other sowed to his cap for the day and when they grow fatty with sweat c. let them be left off and new ones made The VTILITY is famous in cold affections of the brain moist ones also from whence spring divers diseases of the nether parts but they are chiefly prescribed after general purgings to draw a way the relicks of the morbifical matter for cold and lasting affections of the head it self for Catarrhs to retain consume and stop all defluxions to cherish the animal spirits and to strengthen the head and brain therefore they ought to be medicaments of thin parts that they may the easier penetrate the skul least it should either receive or ingender new impurities c. CHAP. IV. Of a Collyrium IT is a topical eye-Medicine addicted particularly to the affections of the eyes called a Collyrium by the Greeks from its virtue to stop rhewmes And it is two-fold the moist which is now onely called a Collyrium and the dry properly called Seife by the Arabians The moyst Collyrium This is twofold the Liquid which in form of a Liquor is dropped into the eyes and the grosser which is anointed on of the consistency of honey or a Liniment But vapors are not said to be any of the sorts of a Collyrium which seeing they are nevertheless prescribed in affections of the eyes I will first speak of them so that I shall aecount a moist Collyrium threefold one like vapors another as liquor the last like honey The vaporous is not so much a form of a Collyrium as of a Medicine preparing the humors and eyes that the vertues of other things may be received to the better purpose as in suffusions spots c. It is also prescribed by it self to discuss which is altogether the best way as also when the sight is to be cleared c. T is COMPOSED or made 1. of the breath of ones self or another as of a boy having washed his mouth and chewed fennel seed c. breathed into the eyes which is often to be done and continued sometime as need requires 2 Or else may be prescribed a decoction to the quantity of a Clister made of leaves seeds flowers sharpening
cotton c. and apply it But of the Troschischs ℞ c. Make Troschischs see before The VTILITY is as is said either to strengthen or alter diversly usually to dry the brain and consume Catarrhs strengthen for Phlegm contained in the breast in divers affections to dry the ulcers of the lungs of Tobacco Coltsfoot Brimstone c. to provoke or stop the courses of fit things as also to stay the Fluxes of the belly as the dysentery against fits of the mother of ill-scented things to the superior and sweet scented things to the inferior parts to dry and strengthen the womb and help conception for Ulcers of the ears nose mouth lungs womb c. for the French Pox of Cinnaber as is usual whose fume received in a close place cures that filthy disease by a spetting Flux and all affections depending thereon as Ulcers pains And t is usually made in the form of a powder or Troschisch as ℞ Cinnaber one ounce and a half Gum balf an ounce four dram of a strengthening powder two drams three drams make a powder or else with turpentine make Troschischs The MOYST Suffiment is otherwise properly called a vapor and is made of a liquor fit for the purpose sending forth a vapor by the help of boyling it T is COMPOSED 1. Either of a simple liquor as vinegar wine Aqua vitae or Rose water c. Note that sometimes red hot flints are quenched in the vinegar for the discussing of hard Oedematous swellings as also red hot tyles to be quenched in vinegar and the vapor received as is usual in the time of the pestilence 2. Or of the decoction of fit simples to be prescribed in the quantity of the fomentation or according to the ampleness of the part Therefore in affections of the ears a third part of that will suffice The VSE and FORM ℞ c. make a decoction whose vapor let them receive in affections of the womb and others also thorow a hollow stool and a leaden Pipe or Tunnel see the Insession in affections of the ears by a Pipe or Tunnel which they vulgarly call an EMBOIE The UTILITY is great especially in affections of the Womb in staying or provoking the courses of mollifiers and attenuators in the dysentery of binders in divers affections of the Anus or Fundament in stopping and easing the Hemorrhoids they are also prescribed for affections of the ears and eyes In general they may be used to dry binde relax mollifie discuss open c. CHAP. X. Of Odoraments or Perfumes THey are prescribed partly for delight partly for health but chiefly to alter the brain refresh the animal spirits to put away ill sents and infectious ayre for the increasing the vigour and spirits of the heart also the sent of them being attracted with the breath into the Lungs and thence to the heart They are made of sweet smelling things and are either dry or moist Dry Perfumes These are Compounded 1 In the forme of a powder see the suffiments but the quantity of this is to be limited according to the manner of using it if it be for the greater baggs 't is best to use the Violet or Cipreos powder but for the lesser sort two or three ounces wil serve yet so that the quantity of the gums be diminished see above which in a box bored ful of holes or otherwise you may hold to the nose in a little knot or bagg of silk 2. Or in the form of a Pomander of the powder aforesaid in Suffiment for pleasure to one ounce an ounce and a half or two ounces adding Musk Ambergreese Civet to grains 6. half a scruple or a scruple as you please And 't is made up either with Gum tragant dissolved in Rose water so make two Pomanders to be carried in the hands or which is better let them be incorporated with Ladanum dissolved so make a Pomander which anoint with some sweet oyl Note also that t is better for your Musk Ambergreese Civet not to go into the Composition but to wipe the outside of it over with them dissolved as also with oyl of Cinnamom Cloves c. alone or mixt and to renew them often 3. Or in the form of Globulets or beads made of the same masse as the powders are but the proportion of it must be according to the quantity you intend to make to which the Apothecaries to increase the quantity of them add willow charcole finely powdered 4. Or in the form of a perfumed sope for the washing of the hands and head of Venice sope or other white sope to 4 ounces sweet powder six drams and if you wil Musk or Ambergreece gr 3 4 c. with a sufficient quantity of Rose water incorporate and make bals great or little The VSE let the sent of them be often snuffed up but the scope is onely to cleanse the hands and head from filthiness c. The VTILITY is expressed at first Moist Perfumes They are Compounded 1. in the form of sweet water and this is either simple as Orange-flower water to 3 ounces of which you may add of Musk or Ambergreese gr 2 or 3 The Compound is made of Odoriferous things liquid as rose-Rose-water Orange-flower water c. 4 ounces Cinnamon water one ounce and dry things as of sweet powders to 2 3 or 4 drams and if you wil some few grains of Musk and Ambergreese 2. Or in the Form of a Liniment which now adayes they cal sweet balsam of white wax often washed and melted one ounce of some convenient chymical oyls one dram and if you wil Musk Civet Ambergreese some few grains or more coursly of half an ounce of sweet powder wax 3 drams oyl of Ben or of sweet Almonds q. s so maken Liniment adding Musk Ambergreese c. to some few grains The VSE of the water is to wash the hands beard and hair of the head chiefly The use of the Balsam and its utility is the same as that of the dry perfume the hand also may be lightly smeared and the inside of the nostrils to avoid stenches to comfort the brain and heart and the spirits of both CHAP. XI Of the Scute IT is in general a topical Medicine for the stomack made in the form of a Scutcheon which seeing it is usually made both of plaisters and baggs custome hath so far prevailed the strengthening bagg is often used for the Scute 'T is COMPOVNDED therefore 1. in the form of a bagg of the powders of heating stomachical stomachical things observing these rules in every thing that are set down for your Quilt Caps from whose Form it onely differs in the use so that 〈◊〉 the proportion of the powder be also two ounces 2. Or in the form of a Plaister of the mass of some stomachical plaister as Empl. de Mastiche 2 ounces and of some stomachical powder to half an ounce to which also are sometimes added wel sented gums to 2 drams and are all made up with
body You may safely give of that infusion ℥ ss or ʒ vi nay in a strong body you may give the whole ounce prescribed so the liquor be cleared from the powder Compounds are stibiated tablets eaten to ʒ i. or dissolved in a fit liquor as baume water c. also this following infusion ℞ the roots of Briony and Sowbread ana ℥ iii. of white Hellebore ℥ vi diligently cleansed powdred and dryed in the aire pour to them aq vitae to the eminency of two fingers breadth above the powder let them infuse some few dayes in B.M. then distill them and let that which remaines in the bottome be again dryed and powdred pouring to it again the former water do this three times dip the tip of a feather in this liquor and then slice it about in a glass of wine and give it to drink it provokes vomit suddainely DIURETICKS Those are called Diureticks which evacuate the watrish humours of the body by Urines and they are two fold some properly so called others improperly Those which are properly Diureticks are for the most part hot and dry in the third degree of thin parts and which easily penetrate to the veines and there melt and dissolve the blood and seperate the watrish part from the thicker much like the turning of milk when it curdleth from whence that which is grosser returneth to it selfe with the rest of the blood but that which is serous is drawn by the proper faculty of the reines Such are Rootes of Smallage Asarum Calamus aromaticus all the thistles of Ciperus or English Galangal of Dancus of town cress sennel cammock parsly radish madder kneeholm saxifrage valerian Leaves of Wormwood Smallage Betony Mountain Calamint Dittany of Creet Bayes Cresses Parsly Penny royall Savory mother of Time Flowres of Chamomill and broome Barkes the middle bark of broom bayes radishes Seedes of Anise Smallage Cardamomes Chervill red Cicers or Italian pease Cubebs Daucus Fennel Juniper berryes of Lovage Groomwell Parsly Paliurus of some called Christs thorne silver mountain seed and nettle seed Fruites bitter almonds figs. Spices Cassia Lignea Cinamon Rozins Turpentine both of Firre and Larch that is both Venice Turpentine and common Liquors White Wine Animals Cantharides to gr ii or iii. but with these conditions that they be given 1 after all other things have been tryed 2 they are to be given whole ex 11 simplic 3 never to be given alone but with some fat broath altered with mallowes Marsh-mallowes Locusts or Grashoppers given to ℈ ii Goatesblood Officinall waters as of fennel smallage and the herbs aforesaid Syrrups of the five roots of the two roots of radishes compound Species as Lithontribon of Nicolaus Conserves of the flowres of broome bettony wormwood Those are called improperly Diureticks not which melt the blood but those which by a certain tenuity of parts drive the wheyish part of it to the wayes of the Urine and so provoke it and have either a remisse temperate heat or else incline to cooling and these we use in hot affections where we may feare least the hot Diureticks by too much drying the blood should rather stay the Urine or else are such as only lenify the passages of the Urine as Marsh mallows mallowes liquerish and such like lenifiers which are very improperly called Diureticks Of the former sort are the Roots of Sparagus Sorrell Eringo strawberries grasse narrow docks Leaves of Sorrell tops of Sparagus Maidenhaire Rupturewort Pellitory of the wall Seedes The four greater cold seedes seedes of sorrell Alkekengie or winter cherries barly Fruites Strawberries Cherry kernels Medler stones Lemons Pompions Cowcumbers Goards Juyces Of Lemons Pellitory Gums Camphere This may better be referred to those properly called Diureticks before Officinall things as Waters Of Sorrell grass barly pellitory Syrups Of the juyce of Sorrell Maiden haire Lemons Troschiscks Of Camphere of Alkekengie of Saunders Chymicall things Sal prunellae from ʒ ss to ʒ i. with water adding some pleasant syrrup as of violets Out of those Diureticks divers formes of remedies both inward and outward may be composed SUDORIFICKS They are so called which evacuate the whole body by sweating of the Greeks they are called Hydroticks the nature of these is very agreeable with the Diureticks for heat being thin and subtle insinuates it selfe far into the body and humours which it attenuates and dissolves into evaporations but they also open the pores of the body from whence the vapours of their owne accord breath out and are condensed into a sweat The same matter doth after move both sweat and Urine Urine if the raines be hot and the skin thick sweat if the raines be cold and the skin thin such are these Rootes Of Smallage Angelica Burdock China Fennel Hops Parsley Burnet Cinquefoyle Salsa parilla Tormentill or Setwell Zedoary Woodes Box Guaicum Ginger Sasafras Leaves Carduus benedictus Maiden haire Germander Celandine the greater Chervill Fumitary Burnet Scabiosse Damesviolet Flowres Of Camomell Seedes Barly Millet Lentiles Juyces Rob. of Elder berryes and Danewort Earths Terra sigillata especially in the plague and infectious diseases Parts of animals Harts horn Bezar stone Chymicall things Salt of Wormwood Ash Scabiosse to gr x. xii rather to ℈ i. with water of Carduus benedictus and Scabiosse Antimonium diaphoreticum to gr iv or vi with a fit conserve Compounds Out of those divers things may be composed but potions especially those made of decoctions are preferred before all or else of infusions or of sudorificall things dissolved in a fit liquor and although they should be taken in a bole or other forme yet it is best to drink downe a potion after it hither is referred the syrrup called of St. Ambrose which consists of millet boyled in two parts of water and one of wine Officinall things are the waters of Carduus benedictus Chervill Fumitory Elder flowres also Treacle Mithridate and others as electuary de ovo and such like THE FIRST BOOK THE FIRST PART THE THIRD SECTION Of Medicaments respecting the cause that offends in motion The Type of the Section Medicaments respecting the morbificall cause offending in motion are in regard of the matter that is flowing Thickeners of the part receiving Repellers to which you may add Emplasticks of the wayes by which it flows Intercepters of the wayes by which it flows Binders Thickeners by the Latines Incrassantia by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are so called which render thin and fluxible humours thicker and so less apt to flow such as are those which in the active qualities are cooling or temperate without any acrimony of a grosse and earthy substance by the commixture of which the thinner sort of humours acquire a thicker substance by much as water by the mixture of durt becomes clay as to the matter of Thickners because they agree in quality with the Repellers Binders Emplasticks gluing and scar breeding or wound closing medicines and with the thickeners of choller before mentioned therefore they
against forgetfulnesse Mastick Styrax Benzoin Animal things Castor which is famous Muske ashes of Swallowes dung of Peacocks in the falling sicknesse Sea things Amber Ambergreece Distilled waters of the aforesaid leaves aq vitae with Castor treacle water with the juyce of Betony imperial water aq caelestis cinamon water water of Piony compound spirit and water of lavender compound of Dr. Matthias spirit of castor Oyles Chymicall of Nutmegs Cloves Cinamon marjerome amber rosemary Syrups of slaechados of bettony chamepitios of Piony compound syrup of the infusion of Piony flowres of the juyce of sage Conserves of the slowres of rosemary betony sage french lavender and of the lintree flowres Candied things and preserved things Citron peels roots of Acorus Myrobalanes Nutmegs Walnuts Coriander candyed Confections Treacle old Methridate the confection aurea alexandrina and of anacardines but warily diacorum diacinnamomum Powders Those mentioned in the preparers of phlegme Treschiscks de carabe gallia moscata Externall heating things The Seedes of Nigella or Gith of Cummins torrified put in a bag and applyed to the mould of the head Oyles of * these are rather cooling mirtles * these are rather cooling roses bayes spikenard nutmeg by expression Plaisters de betonica de baccis lauri and in the long lasting pains Emplaister de Ranis or Plaister of Frogs of Vigo with Mercury Rue and wild Time for pains idle headednesse disturbance of mind and over-watchings and Vervain the same way Cold things internal Hearbs Sorrel Lettuce Purslain Violets Cowcumbers twinings of Vines called Capreoli Woods All the Saunders Flowers Roses Violets for sleep water Lillies Seeds The four greater cold seeds of Lettuce Fleawort white Poppy Juices Of Citrons Pomegranats Currans Vinegar Verjuice Opium have a care Gums Camphier Distilled Waters Of the Flowers and Leaves aforesaid black Cherry water Conserves Of the Flowers aforesaid Candied and Preserved things Lettuce stalks and the flesh of Gourds preserved Powders or Species Diamargariton frigidum Diatrium santalon Diatragacanthi frigidi Troschischs of Camphier of Saunders Cooling external things The aforesaid simples to which add the Leaves of Henbane Nightshade great Housleek Mandrake Willow Vine branches Oyls Of the the aforesaid Flowers and the seed of white Poppy Oyl of unripe Olives Oyl of the flowers of Willow for anointing of the Nostrils and Temples Vnguents As Oyntment of Roses Refrigerans Galeni Populeon Searcloth of Saunders Opposite to these Cephalical things are those which hurt the Head such are these following taken from Galen lib. 2. compos med sec loc cap. 1. neer the end The seed of Agnus castus juice of Wormwood Olives that are black and ripe the fruit of Arbutus or Strawberry tree Myrrh or Frankincense if it be drank when one is healthy as Diascorides will have it For according to Avicen they are good for the Memory the tops of Ivie also the berries of it Saffron Sulpherwort Sowbread dried and drank in Wine much Storax makes troublesom dreams but a little drives away sadnesse Lastly all things that are oderiserous induce troublesom sleeps and the Hag-riding or Night-mare because they fill the Head with vapors especially in those that are plethorick ¶ To these he might have numbred Coleworts Beans and all sort of pulse which cause troublesem heavy sleepinesse and fearfull Dreams Erthines or Snifting Medicines by the Latines Nasalia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are Medicines that are to be snifted up into the Nose to draw forth the Flegm that lurks about the Brain and tunicles of it either without any agitation of the Brain when the excrements come down of themselves or else with sneezing and then they are properly called Sternutatories they should be hot thin sharp and cleansing Among which some are to be chosen that are also Cephalical the Matter of these is either Simple or Compound The simple ones are either dry or moist Dry Ones Powder of Acorns Castor Saffron Cloves Elaterium but warily and dissolved with other liquid things Hellebore white and black Nutmeg white Pepper Pellitory of Spain Ginger Roots of Sow-bread and Beets cut like tents and put up into the Nose Leaves of Tobacco dried and put into the Nose this is the best Errhine Fumes of Marjoram Hysop Time Tobacco all taken through a pipe Moist Ones Juices of purple-flowred Pimpernel Beets Coleworts Bettony Celendine the greater Sowbread wild Cowcumber roots of Ireos of Tree-Ivie Hysop Marjoram Horehound Tobacco Nigella wild Marjoram Pennyryal Sage Savory Elder Ground-Ivie or Alehoof New Butter put up in the Nostrils Compounds Hony of Roses of Rosemary Oximel simple and Oximel of squils Syrup of Hysop Confections as Mustard Aurea Alexandrina Anacardina old Treacle and Methridate Oyls of Pepper Ireos Sternutatories or Sneezing things by the Latines Sternutatoria by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THese are the stronger thinner sharper sort of Errhines or snifting Medicines which stimulate the Expulsive faculty very strongly of which these following are the most usuall The Roots of Ireos white Hellebore Euphorbium then which nothing is quicker if you mix a little Castor with it Pellitory of Spain powder of Tobacco blown up out of which with other sharp Errhines finely powdered are made sneezing Powders to ʒ i. s or ʒ ii mixing Cephalical things with it in equal proportion with the rest of which gr i. or ii blown up into the Nostrils with a quill or if they be vehement let them be put in a brazen box and the box only held to the Nose or let a Nodulus or Knot be prepared of Pellitory of Spain ℈ s of black Hellebore ʒ i. Cresses ʒ s all powdered and tied up in a Lawn rag for a Nodulus which being steeped in rose-Rose-water and held to the Nose provokes sneezing without trouble To these add Ptarmica or Sneeswort and Stavesacre Apophlegmatisms or Spitting Medicines by the Latines Pitissantia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THose Medicines are so called which either chewed gargarized or daubed on the Pallat like a liniment procure much spetting by drawing out a great deal of phlegm from the Head either by their heat or acrimony whereby they attenuate the matter contained in the Head and melt it as it were and withall irritate the Expulsive faculty of the Brain to cast it forth Such are these following Roots Of Acorns Angelica Ireos Costus English Galingale Gentian Galingale Masterwort Pellitory of Spain Valerian Ginger Barks Of the roots of Capers Oranges Spices Cubebs Nutmegs Cloves Pepper grains of Paradise Leaves Of Hysop Bayes Pepperwort Arsmart Marjoram Cresses Tobacco para The Leaves of Tobacho the stalks taken out being tied up as it were in a round pellet as big as a Nutmeg is an excellent one held in the mouth in the morning once or twice a moneth and is before all other It should be held half an hour let not the juice go down and if you can be early enough take a sleep after it Seeds Anniseed Fennel Mustard-seed of
shal require Oâ— else some confection and powder together but because in this respect a Cordial Juleb is made of the same things that a strengthening potion is in his place such a potion uses to be prescribed for one dose only and so to be renewed as you have occasion but either of these wayes are unblameable Of late also spirit of Vitriol doth often use to be dissolved in Juleps especially where there is an ebullition of the humors to be extinguished or infection to be taken away or putrefaction to be prevented it may also be profitably mixed where humors are to be attenuated whether hot or cold as also where obstrustructions are to be opened But in relation to the quantity there is usually prescribed for one dose Of sweetners from one ounce to an ounce and half at most Of clarified Juyces or Liquors made of decoctions as being strong if sowr half an ounce if not one ounce Confections from a scruple to two scruples at most Powders from one scruple to two scruples at most if of the rarer sort as Bezoar â—o gr 4 or 6. Vnicorns horn to half a scruple Pearls from half a scruple to one scruple for the richer sort From hence it is easie to find the quantity for a Julep for three or four Doses and because Confections and Cordial powders are esteemed as one thing if they are prescribed together 't is not difficult to limit the quantities of both conjoyned And if spirit of Vitriol be used the dose is prescribed by saying as much as is sufficient to give it a grateful sharpness that is which may neither smite the Lungs or set the teeth on edge The use and form of prescribing is set down thus â„ž c. that is the Liquor and things convenient to be dissolved in it make a Julep for three or four morning doses it may also be prescribed for the evening especially if it be a Cordial and for one dose But if the Julep be made of a decoction it is to be prescribed in the same manner as an Apozem If besides the Liquor and Syrups of which only the more simple Juleps both for altering and preparing are usually composed you shal add some simple or compound strengthening powder to aromatize it you may say make a Julep which shal be aromatized with one dram or one dram and a half of such a powder for three or four Doses The Juleps of Infants are to be prescribed out of a spoon twice or thrice a day The benefit and fruit of a Julep is very plentiful as the use of themis at this day famous First when you desire to prepare the humors for purging for by this double form the concoction of the humours is perfected viz. of a Julep and Apozem and is chiefly to be prescribed in the Spring and Autumne for the same end A Concocting Julep is chiefly useful for the Winter and may supply the place of an Apozem when not easily to be prepared either through the defect of green herbs or want of opportunity to keep them dryed or by the scantiness of time or urgency of the affection cannot be made ready neither that nor any other altering Medicine that requires much labour then an extemporary Julep may be prepared by the mixture of distill'd waters and syrups and some fit Confection and this way also is cheaper for the poorer sort so that a concocting Julep may be the deputy of an altering Apozem but although by this means there is a present remedy applicable both safe and pleasant yet can it not be expected to have the same efficacy for the virtues of an Apozem are much more effectual 2ly When your indications require the alteration of the body humors or spirits without intention of a succeeding purgation but chiefly to extinguish any fervent heat of them or Fevers or other hot affections or to bridle the malignity of them They are used chiefly against hot distempers to which they are peculiarly dedicated as also to repress the heat of the Head and Heart continual and burning Fevers that are troublesom by their intolerable heat as also to quench the ardencies of the Liver Reins and Bowels and to quench the thirst So also is the ardor of the humors restrained and if any malignity be joyned with it it wil be commodiously repressed by this cooling Cordial Liquor so are they usual to prevent the malice of the disease strengthen the heart restore the strength confirm the spirits and vigour through the whole course of the disease and partly to alter the affections themselves So also to restrain the motion of the humors as cruptions of blood from what part soever as in the beginning of Pleurisies following the preposterous motion of the spirits as in extraordinary watchings c. In summe this liquid form is convenient to prepare humors for purging to strengthen the heart restore strength suddenly or alterto any other intention to perform it speedily when the parts afflicted either humors or affections lye deep in the body to which place alterers in any other form cannot so wel be conveighed CHAP. III. Of Potions A POTION is a liquid form of Medicine made of things conducing to the purpose either Catharticks Cordials or others dissolved in a meet Liquor to be prescribed for one dose only and to be drunk down from whence the name prepared either to purge strengthen or alter the body any manner of way Hence a Potion is usually 3 fold Purgative Cordial or Strengthening and altering A Purging Potion Is often understood under the name of Potion spoken simply so that this name is generally received to signifie a purging Potion and of late is called a dose because it is not to be drank otherwise then at one time not at divers unless some dayes after or some short time be interposed But it is a liquid form of a Medicine composed of a purging Medicine decocted or infused or dissolved some other way in a Liquor and added and a syrup to be given at once purging either some certain humor or divers and specifically casting it out by stool Hence the differences of a purging Potion are taken from the difference of humours they cast forth hence some are Cholagogues some Phlegmagogues others Hydragogues others Melanagogues and others composed of all these proprieties are called Panchymagogues or Holagogues In general three things are to be considered in them Composition Vse and Profit or Vtility In COMPOSITION two things are to be regarded an apt Liquor of which it is made and such things as are to be dissolved in it The LIQUOR that is fit to dissolve your Medicines for a purging potion is to be considered in quality and quantity In respect of the quality there is prescribed either 1. Some Decoction or 2. Some Infusion or 3. Both Decoction and Infusion together or 4. Some other Liquor serving to the scope and intention of the Physitian In special 1. the decoction that is usually prepared to make a Potion is
here is to be noted that those which have a star at their beginning fixed to them are at Montpelier of the more usual sort The altering Officinal syrup is compounded either 1. Of Juyces only and this is either temperate as syrup of the juyce of * Borage of h Bugloss * Bizantines of Mesue of Fumitory simple * Oxymel simple Or Cooling as simple Syrup of * Vinegar and Oxy saccarum syrup of Verjuyce of the juyce of Sorrel Alexandrinvs or Julep of Roses of the juyce of Citrons Barberries * Quinces of the juyce of Succory Endive Pomegranates both sowr and sweet of Limons of Apples of red Corans of Violets Or heating as simple Syrup of Betony Miva of Quinces though moderately especially the aromatical Oxymel of Squils though moderately 2. Of INFUSION and this also is cooling as syrup of water Lillies simple h. of red * Poppyes and of dryed Roses 3. Of a DECOCTION and this is either Cooling as syrup of * Succory compound of * Jujubes yet moderately of white Poppy h. Or heating as syrup de Althea of Fernelius of Bettony compound of the barks of Citron of Calamint of * Hysop of * Horehound of the two roots of the five roots of * Staechados of Colts foot h. 4. Of infusion made in Juyces and Decoction together and is either Cooling as Oxysaccarum compound syrup of Purshine h. Or heating as syrup of Wormwood * Mints Oxymel compound Or some other Liquor and a decoction and is either temperate as syrup of * Maidenhair and of Liquorice which is moderately hot or heating as syrup of Mugwort V. Or a decoction and a Juyce and this is either temperate as Bizantinus compound or cooling as syrup of Vineger compound but moderately of Endive compound of Mirtles of water Lillies compound or heating as syrup de Eupatorio or Maudiens of Fumitary compound But as from this division of the syrups you may perceive how these altering syrups are affected in the active qualities so must you note also that all of them are drying in the passive qualities unless such that have the letter h. annexed which moisten and humectâ— but how they severally are appropriated to divers parts and to concoct divers humors you must find in the Materia medica A magisterial syrup is that which is prepared for present use according to the various scope of the Physitian composed of either more or fewer of the precedents The division and differences of it are to be sought from what I have before said in the officinal syrup and in the altering Apozem In it three things are to be considered the composition the Use and the Utility In the COMPOSITION four things are to be regarded the matter or Liquor of which it is made the things to be dissolved in it the clarification and aromatization The matter is to be weighed both in quality and quantity The consideration of the matter is two-fold Remote viz. the several parts of simples spoken of in the Apozem and neer which is three-fold Decoction Juyce and sometimes infusion prepared divers wayes of the aforesaid ingredients of which I must next treat 1. The decoction of which the syrup is to be made is the same with the decoction of the altering Apozem made and prescribed by the same reason of the same things after the same manner and form of which I shal say no more in this place 2. The Juyce is drawn out of Leaves Fruits and flowers bruised and pressed and so effectually purified is used with better Fruit and to more purpose than the decoction whether it be to strengthen or alter any way And this 3 several wayes is used in the making of a syrup 1. Either it is taken merely either of one only thing or drawn from divers and that either of Leave as of Borage Bugloss Hops in melancholy people of Sorrel Succory Endive in the cholerick c. and so in the rest according to the diversity of the directors or of Fruits as of Limons in the cholerick of Apples in the Melancholy and is exactly to be purified from the feces by a gentle heat whereby they settle down at the bottom else they may afford occasion of corruption 2. Or else for the greater efficacy or some other reason arising from the indications other things are boyled usually three pound or four pound of the clarifled Juyces is taken to prepare the syrup and those things that are to be decocted in it which must respect the part affected or humor are to be prescribed to half the quantity that is set down for an Apozem 3. Or else more profitably specifical and proper ingredients are onely infused to the same intent as Roots Seeds Flowers Spices and usually for the quantity of a pound and a half or two pound of a Juyce for a syrup are prescribed two ounces or 3 ounces of things to be infused according to the several efficacy of the ingredients 3. An infusion sometimes is taken or used for the siquid subject of a syrup and is to be prepared of ingredients fit for the intention of very forcible virtues and for the most part are spices the reason of which you may find before in the purging Potion In relation to the quantity the usual proportion of a decoction clarisied Juyce or infusion for a syrup is a pound a pound and half or 2 pound at most according as we intend the use of it shal be more rare or frequent or of shorter or longer continuance Things to be dissolved in the aforesaid syrups either to preserve them the longer or for tastes sake are considered in relation to their Quality there is therefore dissolved in it 1. either sugar which is convenient for all both hot and cold affections and more acceptable to the sick or sometimes Honey in cold affections of the head and breast or when you would more effectually heat cut cleanse or when natural heat languishing is to be revived 2. Or else together with the sugar some officinal syrup but then the quantity of sugar is to be lessened for a syrup is but sugar dissolved then sugar is only prescribed q. s. 3. Besides some of the aforesaid sweetners that are perpetually dissolved in it there are also dissolved especially in that syrup that is prepared of a decoction and sometimes in those prepared of infusions some clarified Juyces of Leaves or Fruits and other Liquors as Vinegar Wine c. to mâ—ke them the more effâ—ctual as is afore-said in the altering Apozem in which place see more In respect of the quantity sugar is dissolved in equal proportion with the liquor of this see in the animadversions following so also is Honey when used in syrups to five ounces or six ounces but then sugar to a sufficient quantity only Juyces to six ounceâ— more or less according to the quantity of the infusion or decoction Clarification and Aromatization see of them before in the Apozem The USE and FORM of prescribing In the use of a
syrup either officinal or Magisterial we must consider three things methodically after what maner how much when they ought to be prescribed and given 1. How or after what manner that is whether they are to be given in that sorm or consistence that they are of themselves or whether diluted with other Liquors as in Juleps 2. How much that is in what quantity or dose 3. When that is at what time neither doth there appear more things necessary to be considered in the right and legitimate administration of them As to the manner of taking them because a syrup taken by it self not diluted with any Liquor penetrates not so far into the body neither can quickly or easily without losing some strength and virtues and withal works slower upon the part affected and humor that is to be altered and on the contrary a syrup diluted in the form of a Julep doth sooner easier farther insinuate it self into the parts of the body noxious humours the clamminess little hindring it and can come to the most intimate spaces with firmer and less alter'd virtues than when it is sincere and doth sooner alter whatsoever it toucheth so that according to the nearness and distance of the parts affected the affections themselves or causes that are to be alter'd this or that form is chiefly to be used Therefore sincere syrups are prescribed commonly by themselves and are taken 1. To intercept or stop defluxions by thickening them from falling violently either on the Throat Lungs or stomack for by the help of their clamminess by reason of the stay they make in the mouth and in regard they do not very soon pass down they easily stay the humor that is descending and these are to be taken out of a spoon and to be held long in the mouth 2. When there is a hoarsness of the throat and a roughness of the Wind-pipe which by its gentle clamminess where with it as it were smears it it helps being swallowed by little and little or licked down like lohochs 3. For expectoration or the spitting up of matter collected and impacted in the Lungs by taking it by little and little out of a spoon or licking it down from a Liquorice stick 4. To mitigate coughing after the same manner 5. In diseases and affections of the stomack especially cold ones for they which are hot and dry as in hot and cholerick affections should rather be temper'd by moisture unless its strength be much decayed although usually they are dissolved in a smal quantity of Liquor except syrup of Wormwood or when your scope be to strengthen or bind 6. In the affections of parts nigh the stomack to which it may easily be conveyed But diluted or dissolved syrup in the form of a Julep is best 1. When the Liver Spleen or Mesentory are affected 2. When the head heart Lungs Reins Bladder Womb habit of the body Limbs are diseased to which the virtue of a syrup could either not at al or very slowly and much alter'd from its own nature otherwise have entrance 'T is to be prescribed to be dissolved in a fit and appropriat Liquor that may either respect the humor affection or part affected or al these together but most usually in some distill'd water or with a proper decoction which is much more effectual than water or with the broth of a chick and that either simple or alter'd with Roots Leaves c. agreeing to the same purpose as hereafter The quantity is to be considered as singular and several As to the singular or united quantity or dose an officinal altering Syrup may be given from half an ounce to an ounce an ounce and half and two ounces at the most in defining which dose more exactly four things are to be diligently regarded 1. The scituation or distance of the part affected for when the virtue of the syrup is to be conveighed to parts far scituated and remote it ought to be given in the greater quantity yea in the highest dose of all if you see it fit otherwise you wil hardly perceive any benefit in the operation because in a long passage its virtues must needs be much broken and alter'd unless the Liquor in which it is dissolved be also very effectual 2. The action or motion of the affection it selt and the morbifical causes and the quality of them either vehement or remiss that requires a middle or else the highest dose this a lesser 3. The Age as to Infants half an ounce which is the least dose to Boyes of better growth one ounce which is next the least wil suffice for the highest of al. 4. The efficacy of the syrup it self and the vigor it hath naturally to operate hence 't wil suffice to prescribe syrup of Poppy only from half an ounce to an ounce at highest because of his narcotick quality so also unpleasantness ought to lessen the dose as usually one ounce doth suffice for the highest dose of syrup of Wormwood 5. To these may be added the manner of taking it for that which is taken to be swallowed down by licking it leisurely because they cannot be taken in a large quantity against divers affections of the Wind-pipe and Lungs for then it would soon slip down without doing any good therefore it is often to be iterated and is alwayes prescribed to four ounces or 5 or 6 for frequent use to be often repeated so that such ought not to be included within the aforesaid rule the same is to be said for such as are prescribed to quench thirst in the heat of diseases because the use of them is to be frequent for which purpose they are prescribed to four ounces five or six But the quantity of the Liquor to dilute them in is much like that of the Jâ—leps as to three ounces or four ounces yet you may prescribe less when the stomack or any neer part is affected but more to allay thirst as in Fevers and al sorts of hot boyling diseases especially in the summer time As to the several or divided quantity digestives may be taken morning and evening when the stomack is empty but they which are given against thirst coughs or to help spitting are taken often they which provoke sleep only once and that about the accustomed hour of sleeping neither are they to be reiterated unless necessity require it others are taken either oftner or seldomer as the several occasions require As to the Time of taking them preparing Syrups and those which are allotted for the digestion of humors are to be taken in the morning 4 or five hours before meat lest the virtue of them should be stackned either by meat newly taken or not yet concocted they may also be taken at evening when the digestion of humors is to be accelerated but at a good distance from feeding when the stomack is empty those for a cough at any hour when it is troublesom they which provoke sleep or are to stop defluxions
are best taken at the time of going to sleep these to expectorate in the morning those to quench thirst when they are dry any others as neer as may be when the stomack is empty As to the magisterial syrup the use of it is either by it self or else diluted with some fit water or other Liquor simple or compound broth and is taken after the same rules as the officinal And this is the USUAL FORM of PRESCRIBING 1. If it be made of a decoction â„ž c. viz the ingredients of an altering Apozem make a decoction in c. take of the strained Liquor c in which dissolve c. make a syrup wel boyled clarified and aromatized with c. keep it in a glass safe let him take of it one ounce an ounce and half or two ounces by it self or with c. at such an hour so often in a day c. see more above 2. If of a Juyce without any other mixture â„ž of the Juyce of such a thing bruised newly pressed out wel clarified c. in which dissolve c. So make a syrup 3. If of a Juyce in which other things are boyled or infused â„ž of the Juyce newly pressed out and clarified of c. in which dissolve c. So make a Syrup 4. If of an infusion â„ž c. let them be infused in c. of such a Liquor take of the liquor strained and gently pressed out c. dissolve c. The Utility of a syrup in general is sufficiently declared above whether officinal or magisterial for it is instituted to conserve divers virtues of plants with which decoctions Juyces expressed and infusions prepared of them are plentifully fraught that they may be the readier at hand and fit for use without loss of their natural efficaâ—y The efficinal also more specially serves for the making up of divers forms of Medicines so is it added to Apozems Juleps and Potions for taste sake anâ— also to add to their virtues so also is it â—â—ken to make up opiats pils preserves Lohochs Troscischs into a convenient form or consistence and for the uniting of a compound Medicine and preserving of it But the magisterial syrup as of old so at this day and hath been chiefly in request of late to prepare both humors and the body and is very necessary to precede a prosperous purgation of which see in the altering Apozem and is very useful also to alter the body or parts of it divers ways both by correcting the distempers of them and tempering the peccant humours of this see also in the altering Apozem In summ against al internal affections or causes that ingender them and to alter and strengthen the parts afflicted by them any proper and specifical Medicines suggested by the indicantia or things from whence you take directions what is to be done may be reduced into the form of a Syrup so that the utility of it is of large extent against any affections dropsie plague c. but 't is fittest to be prescribed when you would continue your altering for some time or must cherish the strength continually when otherwise that labor must be fain to be renued often with the trouble of a new prescription of some Apozem Julep or potion hence it is most profitable in long diseases and affections and chronical distempers of the parts which have taken such rooting that there must be a continual alteration to remedy them yet because some usual syrup is to be had that hath the same virtue unless you think its virtue less effectual or decayed or that it consists not of those things which your specifical indications require or that you hope to compose one more powerful prescribe them but seldom A Purging Syrup YOu must seek the definition and division of a purging syrup according to the variety of the humors in the chapter of the Apozem A Syrup is two-sold officinal and Magisterial The officinal is here chiefly divided both in respect of the composition the chiefest of their virtues as you may see in the following table The ofâ—â—cinal purging syrup is compounded either of A decoction made A juyce and purgeth Melancholy as Syrup of Fumitory compound Water purgeth Melancholy as Syrup de Epithymo Water purgeth Choler as of Succory compound Water purgeth Mixt humours as Diasereat A juyce purgeth Melancholy as syrup de Pomis Regis Sabor Infusion in Water purgeth Choler As Syrup of Roses solut Syrup of Violets each made with 9 infusions sy rup of Peach flow Phlegm As Honey of Roses strained The definition and division of a magisterial purging syrup may appear out of what is aforesaid In it three things are to be considered Composition Use and Utility In the Composition four things 1. The matter whereby 't is made purgative 2 The things that are to be dissolved in it 3. Clarification 4. Aroma ization The matter of which 't is made is either remote and this in regard of its quality are the purging simples with their correctives either boyled or insused or neer and thus the matter is two-sold either a purging decoction or a purging in usion A purging Decoction is nothing else then the decoction of a purging Apozem made of the same things both alterers and purgers varied according to the intention of the Physitian to be prescribed after the same manner and order and upon the same conditions as is before specified This only is to be marked concerning the dose or purging Medicines that the Montpelier Physitians for a syrup do usually double the quantities of purgers prescribed for Apozems but 't wil suffice if you take onely the same quantity or if I might perswade you the double quantity 〈◊〉 it matters not if it be the treble for so it wil be contracted into the lesser dose and be taken with the less nauseousness to the patient so that you exactly finde out the true dose and not measure it according to the usual proportion see the use It is also to be noted that when fit juyces are to be used the purgers may be boyled in 4 ounces or 5 or 6 with their correctors How a purging infusion is to be prepared is said before in a purging potion and from thence easie to be collected but how to prefer'd before a decoction see in the animadversions Things that are to be dissolved in the decoction or infusion are also considered in quality and quantity Concerning the quality there is dissolved either sugar or sometimes Honey or else together with the sugar some officinal syrup and that either altering or purging Besides those sweetners that are perpetually dissolved for its preservation there are frequently to the aforesaid purpose dissolved 1. Some fit Juyce and that either altering as of Leaves Fruits c. according to the indication see in the Apozem or purging as the juyce of Roses especially in the Spring time against choler of Fumitory or Hops for Melancholy 2. The compleat
Medicine almost of the consistencie of Hony or somewhat thicker prepared either to alter or purge and because it is a bit a Medicine as much as the mouth can wel contain therefore it hath its name A Boble is three-fold viz. purging altering and strengthening A PURGING BOLE WHat a purging Bole is and what are his differences taken from the variety of humors that are to be purged may appear by what hath been said before in the Apozem But in it three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the COMPOSITION chiefly the matter of which 't is made in which there is to be considered its quality and quantity As to the quality of the MATTER in general 't is composed of purgers both simple and compound as any purging powder both simple and compound and sugar As to the quantity in general a bole ought not to exceed six drams or 1 ounce seldom 10 drams unless it consist of the gentlest sort of purgers But in special a purging bole as to the matter is composed 1. Either of Cassia alone which is most commonly the basis of a bole or also pulp of tamarinds especially in the cholerick though 't is better to have it of Cassia and some other purger together that its purging quality might be acuated which else is only lenifying lest otherwise by staying too long in the intrals it might overslacken them and then as to the quantity there is prescribed half an ounce or six drams of Cassia but of the purging opiate or tablet two drams or three drams more or less examining the doses by that caution before noted that if two or three be mingled with the Cassia the compleat dose of all might be found out Note that 't is commonly used in the affections of the reins and bladder to prescribe a bole of the aforesaid Cassia as the basis to six drams to which add two drams of Turpentine washed in violet or pellitory water with a sufficient quantity of powder of liquorice and sugar to which purpose also Turpentine alone is prescribed sometimes with a scruple of Rheubarb added to it as is hereafter setdown 2. Or of the purging officinal opiate which is either prescribed alone in that quantity which hath been before in the potion and shal hereafter be defined or else together with it is added a purging tablet or solid electuary in that proportion that all together may make up the compleat dose yet should the opiate somewhat exceed the others Note that sometimes either to these two joyned or to the opiate alone is added some purging powder and that either simple as the powder of Rrheubarb Mechoachan c. from half a scruple to half a dram or compound as of diaturoith from half a scruple to a scruple according to the quantity the other things are prescribed in or else sometimes not purgative but either directing or correcting or strenghening to half a scruple 3. Or else of a tablet or solid electuary either alone in the dose aforesaid in the potion and hereafter to be set down with some syrup or Sâ—gar or sometimes an opiate being added or a purging powder as aforesaid 4. Or which is very seldome of a powder onely either simple or compound made up with a syrup or sugar but this manner is lesse used 5. Or else which hardly deserves the name of a purging bole yet is used in affections of the reins of Turpentine washed in violet water c. to two drams or three drams with a scruple of the powder of Liquorice The USE as to the manner 't is taken by swallowing it down which is easiest done out of a spoon with some syrup that is gratefull to the taste Aâ— to the quantity 't is above defined The time is in the morning after the manner of other catarrticks The FORM of PRESCRIBING when Cassia onely is taken is â„ž take the marrow of Cassiae newly drawn and sometimes 't is added by the vapour of some decoction as of Barly Liquorice Mallows for the Reins or else 't is said the pulp or flour of Cassia c. make a bole with Sugar If of an Opiate â„ž c. with Sugar make it a bole But when a bole is made of the drier things as tablets and powders so that they can hardly stick together in the form of a bole â„ž let them be moistened with such a syrup then with Sugar reduce them into the form of a bole which let him take c. but when the bole is made of Turpentine â„ž Turpentine washed c. make a bole let each bit be wrapped in Wafers so take them out of a spoon with a convenient Syrup as of Maiden hair Violets c. let them be swallowed down in the morning three or four hours before dinner and that usually for three dayes together The UTILITY is the same with that of a potion viz. when the cause of the affection is in the inferior region or the parts adjacent but a bole of Cassia is particularly profitable in the reins and bladder in which we should deal very gently and onely lenisie The strengthening bole IN it three things are to be considered the composition use and utility As to the COMPOSITION in respect of its quality it is prepared 1. Either of officinall conserves and a powder which is either the Species of some Electuary of the shops or other aromaticall powder as of Cinnamom c. with Sugar Note that sometimes with the aforesaid conserves are also taken cordiall confections as alchermes de hyacintho 2. or of some strengthening officinall confection alone As to the quantity this bole in generall seldom exceeds three drams or half an ounce In speciall the quantities and dose of the first sort of these boles is this as of conserves let there be three drams half an ounce powders a Scruple Of confections if added one scruple or half a dram But of the second sort viz. the confection is prescribed from a dram to a dram and half The USE as to the time it useth to be prescribed the day after a purging Medicine two hours before dinner or otherwise at any other convenient hour simply to strengthen without any purge preceding it As to the manner 't is to be swallowed out of a spoon if you will with syrup drinking aftâ—r it a little wine diluted or other liquor fit for the purpose The FORM â„ž c. make it a bole with Sugar which let him take c. The Vtility sufficiently appears in its name see also the cordiall potion but most usually they are prescribed after purging medicines to comfort the stomack and parts afflicted by them as also by the violence of diseases and also simply to strengthen without Relation to any preceding Purgation as often as the strength growing weak or feeble by any other cause requires it as also to alter together with the strengthening so also this sort of boles are used against fluxes of the belly
effectual united faculty To the Troschischs are to be referred the Muscardines WHich are little pastils so called from the musk they contain cheifly composed for the perfuming the breath and to exalt venereall moriscoes such are these of Gallia moschata that are most effectual They are compounded either simply of ambergreese musk-grains three four c as you wil and q. s sugar dissolved in rose-water with a little starch Or else more compounded of the powder of some aromatical things of sweet savor as cinnamom Saunders one dram musk Ambergreese gr three or four as you list and sugar q. s make troschischs of which let him hold one often in his mouth CHAP. VII Of Powders THe USE of POWDERS is extream necessary both that solid medicines may come in use of themselves as also that they may the easilier be mixed with other formes of medicines but that which the Latines cal a powder the Arabians call by 3. names Suffuff any gross powder Alcohol the finest powders and Seiff the grinding of any sort of troschischs which is done on a stone with a fit water for affections of the eyes but a powder is either officinal or magisterial of which this discourse is The magisterial is either internal or external The internall is either purging strengthening or altering Purging Powder The definition and differences may be sought out of what is aforesaid It is compounded of Catharticks and for the most part those that are the pleasantest with their proper correctors in a proportion often before mentioned As to the quantity to an ounce an ounce and half is the most is prescribed and note that sugar for the more delicate may be added but in a smal quantity or equal to the powder and that exactly defined The VSE as to the manner 't is to betaken in broth or some convenient liquor As to the quantity the doses of the purgers are to be computed As to the time in the morning with custody The FORM â„ž c. Make a powder of which c. The VTILITY is to purge see afore The strengthening powder Although it may be prescribed to strengthen divers parts according to the scope of the Physitian yet 't is either to confirm the stomack and is called a Digestive or the heart and is called a Cordial and an Alexiterial it may be also made for other uses as to strengthen the Liver Intrals c. The COMPOSITION 1 of the digestive powder is in general of stomachical things that help concoction dissolvers of wind and binder But in special Coriander-seed prepared is usually the basis prescribed to an ounce to which are added things that discuss wind as Anniseed to half an ounce or 6 drams then strengtheners of the stomack either simple or compound to 2 or 3 drams at most with sugar of Roses in tablets s q. 2. The Cordial powder or that which strengthens other parts which is compounded both of simple and compound powders of Electuaries proper and specifical to half an ounce 6 drams or 1 ounce according as the use of it shal continue long or short yet so that the more pretious Cordial powders be joyned but in a smal quantity either to a fourth or sixth part these are prescribed either alone or for the better taste sake sugar rosat is mixed with them to three or four times their weight The VSE and form of the Digestive powder â„ž c. Make a powder of which let him take a spoonful neither eating nor drinking after it But of a Cordial or other strengthening powder as hepatical c. this is the form â„ž c. Make a powder of which let him take 1 2 or 3 drams with water broath or other convenient liquor and that in the morning the stomack being empty or else when necessity requires especially if it be Alexiterial The VTILITY is for the strengthening of the principal parts and others also and consists for the most part of hot things yet with the same intention of strengthening they may be prepared of cooling things Hither appertains the altering powder altering divers wayes according to the scope in first second and third qualities as that which is generally prescribed of steel against obstructions with other openers to one ounce or two ounces with an equal quantity of sugar of which a spoonful is taken every morning drinking after it a little wine or other convenient Liquor so against the stone or gravel of stone-breaking medicines to an ounce an ounce and a half and Sugar s q. of which take one dram or a dram and a half with a diuretical Liquor so to provoke the birth and courses as also to bind the fluxes of blood both by stool and from the Womb and bladder against all kindes of fluxes and to alter divers wayes when moysture is one cause offending Thus much of an internal powder The external powder is also sometimes prescribed and is either physical or chirurgical The physical or medicinal is for the most part strengthening as is usually prescribed for comforting and drying the brain of proper cephalical things as Roots Leaves c. prescribed to two ounces adding to it also and that frequently the violet or cypris powder to one ounce or one ounce and a half more or less but for the most part they take of roots two ounces seeds six drams flowers three drams spices two drams The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make a gross powder with which let the head be dryed in the morning which is most usual lafter the washing of it The VTILITY is to strengthen the brain and dry the phlegmatick and to waste the excrementitious moysture of the hairs of the head The Chyrurgical powder is various to be prescribed only by a Chyrurgeon to cleanse fil and heal Ulcers stop the bleeding of wounds c. the quantity of prescribing it varies according to the various occasion of its use THE SECOND BOOK OF EXTERNAL REMEDIES The First SECTION Of Remedies common to many parts CHAP. I. Of Epithemes or liquors to be applyed to any part IF you regard the signification of the name every external medicine that is applyable to any part may be so called but now it claims a peculiar kinde of right in designing only those remedies that are externally applyed to the Heart and Liver and the nobler parts of the body to alter strengthen and is two-fold liquid and solid The liquid Epitheme The name is apparent and it is fluid like water or a Julep chiefly composed of a convenient liquor and cordial powders In it three things are to be considered the Composition Vse and Vtility In the Composition we must regard the matter of which 't is made whether liquid or dry as powder or mean between both and in either of these the quality and quantity The Liquor as to its quality is for the most part a distilled water as the basis such as is proper both for the affection and part affected and that either alone or else
the sight discussing and rarifying and that in white wine often in water sometimes the urine of a boy Childe being added to two ounces The VSE and FORM of the decoction â„ž c. make a decoction in c. for a suffumigation let him receive the vapor or fume of this to his eye either through a narrow-mouthed Pot or a Tunnel other vents being closed morning and night long from meat for so many days as there is need afterwards let the eyes be fomented with a spunge dipped in the decoction or with little bags filled with the ingredients which let be applied warm by turns for a quarter or half an hour The VTILITY is expressed it may also be made to binde as in the dilation of the apple or pupil of the eye of convenient things and in the running of the tears but the first use is most frequent These for a vaporous Collyrium The LIQVID one is absolutely called a Collyrium though antiently Collyriums were properly dry in the forms of Troschischs which they dissolved in a fit liquor at the time of using them But t is COMPOVNDED diversly 1. Either of a distilled water alone simple or compound The simple may be prescribed either one two or more to four ounces make a Collyrium The Compound which is magisterial and chiefly addicted to digest discuss cleanse sharpen the sight and take away suffusions and is to be prescribed by the Physitians and is made in relation to its quality of things that sharpen the sight leaves seeds as also Cephalical heating things as leaves seeds spices as Ginger Pepper sometimes adding Gall the Vrine of a Young Boy White Wine Honey c. As to the quantity let there be of sight sharpning leaves M. six or M. eight seeds one ounce a half or 2. ounc Cephalical leaves M. 2. spices half an ounce six drams Gall two ounces Urine lib. half or lib. 1 2. Honey lib. half Wine lib. 2. The FORM â„ž c. Let them steep eight days in a glass vessel in a warm place or horse dung afterwards distil them in Balneo Mariae put the distilled water in a glass bottle and keep it for your use which is as that of others 2. Of Juices onely and chiefly of Leaves clarified and infused into the eyes or applyed with linnen raggs wet in them 3. Or of a Decoction onely of Leaves Seeds Flowers fit for the purpose to be prescribed in the quantity of a potion for four ounces wil suffice for a Collyrium 4 Or of an infusion onely of metalline things as of Antimony 1 dram in 4 ounces of water which is admirable to clarifie the sight so also gr 1.2.3 of Vitriol in Rose or Fennel water is admirable against the redness and pain of the eyes Or else made of proper vegetables infused either in a distilled water Juices or a decoction c. to 4. or 6 ounces the Liquor afterwards being strained and filtrated is to be kept in a glass for use 5. Or of a distilled water Juice Infusion Decoction 2 3 or all of these together mixed according to your intention to 3 or 4 ounces 6. Or other liquors are used alone according to your scope as VVine VVater whites of Egges in paines c. 7. Or some convenient powder made of proper eye medicines added to the aforesaid Liquor several or mixed As to the quantity of the powder 1.2 or 3 drams is to be the most those that are strong should not exceed 1 dram so with 4 5 or 6 oun of Liquor make a Collyr um Note also 't is best to strain a Collyrium for the roughness of the powders unless it be to scoure The VSE and FORM â„ž c. make a Collyrium a few drops of which 2 or 3 is to be dropped into the greater corner of the eye or and besides which seems best to me apply a Linnen cloth dipped in the same Liquor to the eyes and change them often so let it be as it were a fomentation or an Epitheme Or when the Liquors are gentler let the Patient lie forward and apply the Collyrium in a cup fitted to the eye so that it may as it were bath the whole eye The VTILITY of the liquid moist one chiefly is to cool and quench the burnings of the eyes to drive away paines and inflammations in the beginning afterwards to discuss them also to repel and stay rhewms to dry and consume teares to cleanse off any filth from them to sharpen the sight and discuss gross humors Thus much for the liquid Collyrium Here follows The COLLYRIUM like Honey 't is so called because 't is of the consistence of Honey and that three-fold in the form of a Liniment a Pultis and a Cataplasme The Liniment fashion Collyrium is made 1. Either of the powder of some fit things made into an Alcohol and a fit thing to embody it withal which is various according to the scope as a fit Muscilage honey butter oyntment of Roses c. according to your indications As to the quantity let the whole composition be an ounce viz. of powders 2 or 3 drams and half a ounce or six drams of that with which they are imbodied 2. Or without a powder of the muscilage of fit seeds as of Quinces c. but the former way is the more usual The Cataplasm and Pultis is for the most part made onely to ease paines and that of two ounces of the crumbs of white bread soaked in q. s of milk to which is added sometimes the muscilage of Fleawort to half an ounce Opium gr 2 c. 2. Or of onely the pulp of a Pippin softened at the fire or boyled in Milk to two ounces 3. Or of both together 4. Or to repel of the pulp of Quinces boyled to two ounces 5. Orchiefly to discuss after the manner of cataplasmes of the muscilage made of the residence of the sight-sharpening decoction bruised and driven through the strainer see the vaporous Collyrium The VSE and FORM of the Liniment â„ž c. Make it like a Liniment with which anoint the corners of the eyes that it may leisurely penetrate to the inward parts Or else it may be applied with a pencil to the eye-lids at the place affected Of the Cataplasm â„ž make it like a Pultis or a Cataplasme lay it on a fit linnen cloth wet in a fit liquor and apply it The VTILITY of the Liniment is special where we would help the affection of the eye-lids or cleanse to which purpose t is most usefull and also to dry it may profitably be used to discusse and for pains but then it is better in the form of a Pultis Collyriums are made in this form that by this means the powders sticking the longer may work more effectually on the part and if there be any sharp medicines they are thus allayd The Cataplasm and Pultis are used only to ease pain they may nevertheless be applied to discuss and repel as aforesaid Thus far of
Carthamum and sometimes Turbith to half an ounce or 6 drams The quantity of it and of the things to be dissolved is as in a Gargarisme The USE and FORM is the same for it is really a purging gargarisme The VTILITY is the same as of the masticatory yet because when gargarized it enters farther into the Throat and it also draweth farther from the almons of the ears and ousle and 't is also thought to draw more powerfully from the brain CHAP. VII Of Dentifrices THis Remedy though it seem onely beautifying yet 't is often prescribed by Physitians for other affections 'T is Composed 1. Either in the form of water with which either the teeth are washed or else they are rubbed with a linnen with it hither belong the spirits of Vitriol and Sulfure in a smal quantity diluted in the water with which the teeth may be rubbed It marvelously cleanseth and whiteneth them and preserves them from rotting yet it must be done warily for it makes them apt to break 2. Or else in the forme of a liniment of six drams or 1 ounce of powder with a s q. of hony of Roses so make it of the consistency of an Opiate or a Liniment 3. Or in the form of Troschischs like a suppository with which being dryed and hardened let the teeth be rubbed These are made of an ounce and a half or two ounces of powder with the muscilage of gum dragant q. s make Troschischs like suppositories and dry them The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make c. with which either let the mouth be washed c. or anointed or let the teeth be rubbed afterwards let the the mouth be washed with a convenient liquor water wine c. The UTILITY 't is prescribed chiefly to whiten the teeth cleanse and fasten them also to remedy the scates and rottenness of them to strengthen and incarnate the gums and defend them from defluxions Note that as to the matter of them there is usually and profitably to cleanse Tartar Coral crust of bread burnt Salt Scuttle-bone Pumice-stone c. to which for the richer sort sweet smelling things as Musk Ambergreece should be added CHAP. VIII Of Errhines or sneezing Medicines 'T Is a Medicine in general which is drawn up in the nose from whence its name either for affections of the head or the proper affections of the nostrils to purge the first to alter the others diversly so that I may rightly esteem it two-fold purging and altering The purging Errhine 'T is dedicated to purge the brain of divers vitious humours which it doth either without sneezing and then is called absolutely an Errhine which they otherwise cal a he adpurge or with sneezing and then is called a Sternutatory or sneezing Medicine Of that which is called absolutely an Errhine It emptieth the brain without sneezing and in relation to its form is threefold Liquid soft and solid The Liquid is compounded 1. Either of Juices onely of head-purgers which is pressed out of 4 handfuls of the leaves bruised and strained with four ounces of white Wine this Liquor is kept in a glass bottle for use this is otherwise prescribed thus more briefly â„ž of the Juices newly drawn out of the leaves of green Herbs with white wine c four ounces eight ounces seldom 't is prescribed to lib 1. unless for a continual use and in diets Note that sometimes to make it the more cephalical Betony c. may be joyned with it or a little of some cephalical decoction and that it may the more penetrate one ounce of Aqua vitae may be added 2. Or altogether of a decoction of cephalical things as the Apophlegmatisme is the leaves of head-purgers being joyned of which strained take 6 or 8 ounces in which either nothing is dissolved or sometimes fit juyces to 2 or 3 ounces Aqua vitae c. Note that some to purge the more wil-dissolve purging opiates in it but 't is better to boyl some fit purger with the rest of the things The VSE and FORM â„ž c. Make an Errhine or a head purge keep it in a glass bottle let it be used warm in the morning two hours before dinner or also before supper snuff it up out of the palm of the hand the mouth being ful of water continue this 3 or 4 dayes 3 or 4 times at once or if a diet be appointed let it be continued the whole time of the diet The SOFT Errhine is compounded 1 In the form of a Liniment of divers juyces and oyl of Iroes ana two ounces boyl them to the consumption of the juyces add wax q. s make a Liniment to which may be added a dram and a half of sharp powders or which is best half a scruple or a scruple of Elaterium 2. Or in the consistence of an Opiate of two ounces of the aforesaid Juyces Wine an ounce and a half Honey q. s boyl it gently to the consistence of an opiate N B that besides sharp or or purging powders as Elaterium Colocinthis may be added to one scruple Note also that the Opiate may be made without Juices of two drams or 3 drams of powder honey q. s The VSE and FORM â„ž c. make c. and with your finger or a feather anoint the inside of your nostrils and holding forwards your head let the humors be drawn forth t is best after it to wash the nostrils See Errhinum The SOLID is compounded 1. either in the form of a powder of fit things to two drams 3. drams half an ounce 2. or in a solid form and is properly called a Nasal of the powder of such like things two or three drams make it up with a fit muscilage or turpentine q s and wax make a Nasal in the shape of a Pyramid The VSE and FORM of the Powder â„ž c. blow up a little as for example half a scruple or a scruple with a quil into the Nostrilâ— Of the Nasal thuâ— â„ž c. make it in the figure of a Piramid which being anointed with oyl put it up in the Nostrils The VTILITY is after general purges in aâ—fections of the head especially the cold and lasting ones and also in them that proceed from choler and watrish humors from whence often spring very sharp pains and for all affections arising from the foulness of the brain therefore in diets it is most usual and most profitable it purgeth the foremost ventricles of the brain and the meminges or coverings of it but t is warily to be prescribed in affections of the eyes The sneezing medicine T is COMPOUNDED of the Powder of sneezing simples to one dram and a half or 2. drams for they are strong The USE and FORM â„ž c. Make a fine powder whose steam is either to be drawn into the Nostrils or especially when cephalical things are mixed with it in equal quantity a little as gr 1 2 3 by the help of a quil may be snuffed up in the
fragrant wine 3. For the biting of a mad dogg the Antidote of Galen of one part of Frankinsense 5 parts of Gentian and 10 parts of the ashes ofa Crawfish the dosefs from half a dram to a dram or two drams in wine Or else outwardly 1. The Alexipharmacal things mixed with things that draw to the skin 2. The flesh of any venemous creature applyed to the sting or the bite The Second SECTION OF THE FIRST PART OF The First Book OF MEDICINES respecting the Causes offending in quantity A Type of this Section Medicaments respecting the morbifical cause offending in quantity are either Preparers Of the humors otherwise called Digestives Of the body called otherwise Openers Or Universal Evacuaters as Purgers viz. those thaâ— are properly so called Vomitories Diureticks Sudorificks Preparers of the Humors or Digestives THese are those digestives that correct the fulness of the humors either in first or second qualities that any way hinder concoction by contrary qualities and by this meanes do as it were prepare them partly to help nature in the concoction partly to procure the more commodious evacuation by the succeeding purge and of this preparation is meant that Aphorisme 22. Sect. 1. These are threefold for some prepare Choler some Phlegme others Melancholy Preparers of Choler CHoler in respect of the first qualities because it is hot and dry requires those things that are cold and moist but in relation to the second qualities because some is very thin as that which is yellow other of it thick and gross either by adustion or by mixing with gross humours as the Vitelline Leek-colourd Aeruginous and azure colourd the first sort is to be thickned this last to be attenuated therefore alterers of Choler are two-fold some thickeners others attenuaters Concerning which note this that although all of them are not moist yet because they are cooling they abate the heat and prevent any farther driness and so by accident do moisten Thickners of Choler The Roots of Bugloss Plantain Leaves of Purslane Plantain Lettice Garden Nightshade great Housleek Seeds of Quinces Lettice Mallows white Poppies Plantain Fleawort Flowers of water Lillies Violets red Poppies Roses Mallows Fruits Jujubes Quinces Pomgranates Peares sweet Apples Sebestens Gums Tragant Arabick Juices of the leaves and fruits before rehearsed in this table starch Waters of the leaves and flowers aforesaid Syrups of the leaves flowers and fruits aforesaid usual in the shops as also the syrup of white Poppy seed Conserves of the flowers of water Lillies violets red Roses Mallows Species or Powders of Diatragacanthum Frigidum Diamargaritum Frigidum Diapenidium Pulvis Haly. Elect. Diacidonium without spices Rob. As of English Corans Cherries Sloes c. Attenuators of Choler Roots of Sparagus Sorrel Succory Grass Leaves of Sorrel all the capillary herbs viz. black or common Maydeehair yellow Maydenhaire wall Rue or white Maydenhair Cetrach Endive Succory Sowthistle wild Endive Dandelion gum Succory Liverwort wood Sorrel Harts-tongue Seeds Of Sorrel Endive Barley the four great cold seeds Flowers Of Succory Endive Fruits Oranges Limons Citrons Melons Pompions soure Prunes soure Cherries Corans Barberries Gums Camphere Clarified juyces of the Leaves and fruits before rehearsed also verjuyce Waters Of the Herbs aforesaid whatsoever you can have Syrups Also of the Leaves and Fruits aforesaid which are extant in the shops Conserves Of Succory Sorrel Citron Species Diatrion-Santalon Preparers of Phlegm PHlegm in relation to its first qualities is either cold and moist as the insipid sour and glassie and these are to be corrected with heaters and dryers or is heating and drying as the salt phlegme and that is prepared as choler mixing with the others those things also which respect phlegme but in relation to the second qualities all phlegme is gross rough and glutinous therefore to be corrected by attenuaters cutters and cleansers Roots The five opening roots viz. the roots of Sparagus Parsley Fennel Smallage Kneeholm Acorus Angelica Birthwort Ciperas or English Galangale Calamus Aromaticus Elecampane China Galingale blew Flower de luce Masterwort Liquorice Piony Salsaparilla Valerian Zedoary Leaves of Wormwood Agrimony Betony Calamint Germander field Cipres Fennel Hysop St. Johnswort Bayes Marjoram white Horehound Mints Balm wild Marjoram Penniroyal Rosemary Rue Sage Savory mother of Time Time Seeds the four greater and lesser hot seeds and of Carduus benedictus Corianders Citrons Lovage Pyony Silver-mountain Nettles Mustard Fruits Barberies Juniper berries Nutmeggs Figgs Flowers of Rosemary Lavender Centaury the lesse St. Johnswort Lavender Lilly of the vallies Sage French Lavender Barks and woods of Guajacum Sassafras barks of Citrons Oranges Spices all in general Rosins Myrrh Mastick Storax Frankinsense Things taken from animals Hony Musk Castor Things of the sea Ambergreese Amber Waters of the aforesaid things which you can find ready at the shops Aqua vitae Aqua coelestis Imperialis Theriacalis or treacle-Treacle-water Syrups of Wormwood Byzantinus Maydenhair syrup of the preserving of the roots Acorus and Citron peels condited and of Condite Ginger syrup of Hysop Mints Hony of Roses Oxymel simple and of Squils syrup of Horehound of the two or five opening roots syrup of Lavender cotton Preserves and Condites the Roots of Acorus Elecampane Ginger Emblick Myrobolanes Nutmeggs Walnuts barks of Citrons Oranges Olives pickled Conserves of the flowers of Rosemary Lavender cotton Sage Wormwood Powders Aromaticum Rosatum Caryophillatum Dianthos Diambrae Diamoscam dulce Diarrhodon abbatis Confections Aurea Alexandrina Treacle Mithridate Troschischs of Wormwood Gallia and Alipta moschata of Maudlim Distill'd oyls of Anniseed Cinnamon Cummins Cloves Orange peels Fennel-seed Nutmeggs Rosemary Marjoram Amber Preparers of Melancholy MElancholy is two-fold either adust which because 't is very hot dry and gross requires coolers moisteners and attenuaters therefore we must here have recourse to the table of the attenuaters of choler but chiefly the juice of fragrant apples as Pippins and Pearmains c. incommended of which may be made a syrup or else not adust and is called the melancholy juice which by nature is cold dry and grosse and therefore is to be prepared with things that moderately heat moisten and attenuate The matter of these follows where note that if any among them be dryer then is fitting such things are to be temper'd with moisteners Roots of Coocoo-pits prepard Bugloss Elecampane Ferne Polipody of the Oak Satyrions the 5 opening roots Liquorish which is always to be prescribed to temper the drinesse of others Barks of Citrons the roots of Capers the middle barks of Ash Tamarisk Elder Leaves of Borage Bugloss Brooklime Dodder Centaury the less Maydenhair Fumitory Hops Balm Cresses Harts tongue Time Seeds the four greater hot seeds of Smallage Agnus Castus Basil Carduus Benedictus Citrons Dodder Cresses Parsley Flowers the four Cordial Flowers see the premonitions flowers of water Lillies to temper the dryer medicines of Marigolds Broom Walflowers Tamarisk Elder Saffron Fruits Capers Raisins of the Sun Corans Gums Ammoniack Lack. From Animals the shel
blatta bone of a Staggs heart Honey Silk VVaters of the leaves and flowers aforesaid that are used in the shops Syrups of Fumitory Bugloss barks of Citrons the 5 opening roots Maydenhair Byzantinus Confections Alchermes Treacle Conserves of the flowers of Bugloss Borage Elecampane Maydenhair Condites or preserves Citron-peels condite Myrobolanes green Ginger Spices or powders Diamoscu dulcis Diambre degemmis Laetificans Galen Troschischs of Wormwood of Capers Gallia Moscata of gum lack of Maudlins Distill'd oyls of Aniseed Fennel seed Salts of Wormwood Ash Tamarisk Preparers of the Body PReparers and Openers of the body are those things which remove any thing that may hinder in easie purgation viz. the grossenesse of the humors or obstructions of the passages of which it is to be understood Aphor. 9. Sect. 2. Such are Attenuaters Cutters and Cleansers They are in general called Anastomaticks which word may signifie any thing that opens any passage whatsoever And Openers also Ecphracticks or unstoppers because they open the passages and free them from obstructions Neither do they in substance differ from Preparers of the humours but only in the subject they work on for sometimes it happens that humours that are not crude or are already prepared cannot be expeld because other grosse humours are in the way stopping the passages by which the peccant humor is to passe hence appears the necessity of this preparation which Galen 1 Aph. Com. 24. requires also in acute diseases when the causes are turgent or moving if there be any quantity of clammy crude humours But in special Openers are two-fold hot fitted for phlegmatick humours and natural melancholy or cold dedicated to prepare grosse choler and adust melancholy the hot are to be sought in the Table of the preparers of Phlegm and natural melancholy and the cold out of the Table of the preparers of grosse choler and adust melancholy Of those that are properly called Purgers PUrging Medicines are so called either properly or improperly these are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Lenientia Lenitives the others specially Catharticks The Lenitives are of a four-fold difference some loosen the belly by making it slippery as whatsoever by its own fat moistening substance doth smooth the inside of the guts which otherwise is perhaps dryer and rougher then it should be so that by this meanes the excrements cannot stick to them such are oyl of sweet Almonds Butter fat broth of flesh Others are called Washers or Cleansers which by their abundance of moisture dissolve the dung and cleanse the internal superficies of the intrals such are fair water Whey Milk Beets Pellitory of the wal Coleworts Spinach and the broths of these Others may be termed Compressers which by contracting together the intrals presse forth that which is below them and by this reason Quinces taken last at meat loosen the belly so also uncleansed Wines and things very sowr purge some folks which can be by no other quality then their binding faculty Lastly others are Fretters which stir up the expulsive faculty by their biting quality of which sort are all hot and sharp things and besides they are of thin parts and some of them salt And in this manner a certain Carter cured diverse people troubled with a lasting Fever by giving them a draught of wine in which was dissolved a handful of Salt for they which took it were immediately purged both by vomit and stool very violently In this manner also meats much salted or aromatized loosen the belly by stimulating nature and by the same reason also happen those purgings which sometimes nature moves of her self also those things which purge being applyed to the Navil as the Ointment of Sowbread commonly called Vnguentum de Arihanita And all these are improperly called Purgers which purge any humour that comes in this way without a peculiar choice But those which are properly called Purgers are those which by choice purge some particular humor of which I now intend to treat There are four several Classes of those properly called Purgers Cholagogues Phlegmagogues Hydragogues and Melanagogues The Cholagogues or purgers of Choler are Cassia Manna Tamarinds Juice of Roses Aloes Reubarb Myrobolanes Scammony The Phlegmagogues are Carthamus Agarick Turbith Hermodactils Mechoacan Jalap Coloquintis Opopanax Sagapenum Euphorbium The Melanagogues are these following Senna Polipody of the Oak Epithymum black Hellebore Lapis armenius washed Lapis lazuli And lastly the Hydragogues or purgers of watrish humours are the seed bark and juice both of Danewort and Elder Soldanella or sea Colewort the juice of Ireos Elaterium Spurge called Esula prepared Mechoacan â—hâ— root Jalap and of late the berries of blackthorn or Khamnus to which may be numbred divers others quite out of use rather to be refer'd to those improperly called purgers or preparers of humours also compounds as Syrups Electuaaries purging pils c. which are all mentioned in the foregoing treatise of prescribing the forms of remedies And in all these aforesaid purgers severally I shal consider these six heads 1. The Kind 2. The Election or the marks how to know the true from the adulterated purger 3. The Qualities as wel the first viz. their temperature as the second third in which I comprehend the parts for whom they are good and the affections which they oppose also the sex and age for which they are most convenient 4. Correctors 5. The Dose both least meane and greatest 6. The Form in which they are most conveniently given although this last rather belong to the method of compounding The First Classis of PURGERS In which are handled the Cholagogues or purgers of CHOLER CASSIA The Kind CAssia meant here is the fruit of a certain Indian tree of the bigness of a Pear-tree having leaves like the Peach-tree flowers like broom yellow smelling like Cloves this Fruit is a long Codd round somewhat black outwardly inwardly replenisht with much black pulp and many seeds round plain and flat resembling the form of a heart divided from one another by certain woodish membranes set tranverse or crosse the Cane and is called Cassia of the Arabians from the Inventor by Actuarius Cassia nigra or the black by others Cassia of the Canes also Lenitive Cassia to make a difference from the Cassia of the Greeks and the Cassia of the Poets For the Cassia of the Greeks is nothing else but the Cinnamon of the shops commonly called Canea and for difference sake woody Cassia and sweet smelling Cassia The Cassia of the Poets is a certain coronary herb which The ophrastus calleth Cneoron whose sigure is set forth by Matthiolus The pulp onely of our Cassia is in use which they cal Flower or pulp of Cassia and Cassia newly drawn although Fallopius and Manardus affirm that the cane and seeds powdered have also a purging quality and that greater then the pulp which sentence of theirs is not approved by Anton. Musa nor Garcias ab Horto The Election The greatest canes are rather to be chosen
the grasse benerth The Election That is to be chosen that is white new not more then a year old for that which is red or brown is too old round whose grains being broken are not spnngy nor ash'coloured but solid and white The Qualities According to Avicen and Mesue 't is temperate to Averrhoes 't is hot and moist it opens mollifiers smooths gently moves the belly draws forth choler and purgeth watrish humors chiefly dedicated to the wind-pipe and breast hence it is profitably used in hectical Fevers and to quench thirst 't is lesse useful in burning Fevers for its sweetness for which reason it easily turneth into choler 't is safely given both to Women with child and children The Correctors Because it is flatulent 't is corrected with a little Cinnamon Ginger or Aniseed and because 't is slow of operation 't is usually quickened with syrup of Roses solutive or some gently purging decoction some add two three or four grains of Diagridium The Dose Is from an ounce to two or three ounces but commonly to an ounce and a half and to children one ounce Mesues appoints from six drams to fifteen but perhaps he meant the best sort of Masticine Manna The form of giving it 'T is given iâ— the form of a potion dissolved in the broth of a Chicken in which 't is scarcely perceived or in VVhey or in some decoction or in a convenient water In the Cholick with oyl of sweet Almonds to which a little Malmsey should be added sometimes t is prescribed to be eaten down TAMARINDS The Kind T Is a fruit of a certain kind of Indian tree which the Arabians have referred to the kind of dates as if it were the fruit of a wild Datetree because t is called the Indian date for Tamar in their language signifies Date But they have not properly called this fruit Dates as if the tree were of the kinds of Dates or like a Date tree but more respecting the similitude of the fruit which also contain little stones in them as Dates do then which they had found no fitter name but the pulp of this Fruit onely is in use the stones being to be cast away The Election Those Tamarinds are the best that are fat and pulpy brown sharp and soft from whence they were called Oxyphaenica The Qualities They are cold and dry in the second degree as Mesues writes and that to the height as Brassavolus and as Avicen saith in the third they mitigate humours too much burnt especially choler they move the belly and purge choler therefore are profitably used in vomitings to quench thirst in madness and for those that are obstructed hydropical sick of the Jaundies and Spleen-sick they also prevent all exulcerations of the skin hapning through too much torrifying of the blood as the Scabs Leprosie Frâ—ckles and Ring-worms The Correction They hurt by their coldness a cold stomack and are of slow operation and are therefore corrected with Mace Mastick Cinnamon and Spiâ—enard and are quickened with whey of Goats milk Juice of Fumitory or Hops Manna or Cassia The Dose Is from one ounce to two and three ounces which varies according to the manner of giving them The manner of giving them They are given either in the form of a bole or potion if in the form of a bole then the masse of them is first to be washed with a pestle after driven through a hair sieve placed over steeming hot water and afterwards adding correctors to the proportion as is said in the Cassia with Sugar make a bole But for the most part Tamarinds are not given alone but to half an ounce of the pulp of Tamarinds is added one ounce of Cassia then adding Correctors as is said in Cassia make a bole the form of a potion is used either in an infusion or a decoction The infusion is made thus they are steeped in Endive water three hours afterwards make an expression and give the strained Liquor with Sugar The decoction is made thus â„ž of Tamarinds one ounce boyl in it ten ounces of VVhey or some other broth altered with Hops or Fumitory til two ounces be wasted strain them thorow a thick cloth take of the strained Liquor two five or six ounces with Sugar make a potion The Dose of the decoction and infusion is the same viz. from â„¥ ii to â„¥ v. or â„¥ vi JUYCE of ROSES Roses used in the Shops are white red damask either common or musked The Kind This is the juyce drawne forth of the damask Roses or else from the musked white ones not the common ones wherewith rose Gardens abound but either of the damask or musked Election The juyce of the musked Roses and damask Roses is to be preferred before the juyce of other pale Roses and the juyce of Roses full blowne is better then that of the buds The Qualities This juyce is hot and dry in the first degree though Roses themselves be cold in the first and dry in the second degree the reason according to Mesues is because the juyce is here separated from the earthy and cold substance It discusseth cleanseth opens purgeth choler and yellow watrish humors and moves the courses gently therefore not to be given to women with child 'T is good for the liver and heart and is used in obstructions of the liver and pantings of the heart as also in cholerick Feavers for it purgeth humours that cause these diseases it strengthens the bowels by purging them and there is no malignity in it The Dose and manner of giving it 'T is given from â„¥ i. to â„¥ ii with sugred water or according to Mesues with whey or honey giving â„¥ i. of the juyce of Roses with â„¥ ii or â„¥ iii. of whey but now with us is prepared an infusion of damask Roses and of that is made syrup of Roses solutive simple called Muchard and compound also honey of Roses solutive and out of the juyce is prepared Electuary of the juyce of Roses but this is of red Roses RUBARB The Kind 'T is called Rubarb by an Antonomasia figuratively and is a famous root of a barbarous people in the East Indies or of some Province of Barbary called the Trogloditick but very ill so esteemed For as Garcias ab horte Lib. 1. c. 37. and Linscot Par. 4. Ind. Orient Cap. 29. there is no Rubarb in India but onely in China where it growes from whence it is carried to Ormur through Tartary and thence into India and againe by the Westerne Tartars into Turkey and so to Venice from whence the other Kingdomes of Europe are stored with it This Root was unknown to Galen and Dioscorides and therefore diverse think amisse that this is the Rhapontick of Dioscorides and Galen and so confound that with our Rubarb For the Rheum of Dioscorides hath no purging quality and besides wants the markes of the true Rubarb for Rubarb is in substance compact weighty and brittle bitter in tast and sharp in smell of a
reddish brown colour without within of a yellowish red colour somewhat near the colour of the inside of a Nutmeg and when it is either steeped or chewed it gives a yellow die Rhapontick on the contrary is not solid or compact but porous not weighty but light not brittle but tough not bitter but sharp to tast neither sented nor coloured like Rubarb Neither ought the Monks Rubarb or horse dock of Dioscorides to be confounded with ours for this hath not the faculties of the genuine Rubarb The Election That Rubarb is to be chosen which comes neerest the aforesaid markes The Qualities 'T is hot and dry in the second degree as Mesues writes which cannot be understood simply and without distinction for according to the same Mesues Rubarb consists of a twofold substance one grosser and binding which is watrish and earthy another thinner which is aery and fiery and for this duplicity of substance it hath a mixt temperature and per consequence mixt faculties for by reason of its thin substance it hath a faculty of purging choler and phlegme and of opening obstructions but by reason of its grosse substance it also by purging binds If you respect the parts it is chiefely addicted as a remedy for the liver which it very much comforts from whence it is by some called the treacle of the liver as to affections it is convenient for all that rise from obstructions as Jaundise Dropsy swelling of the Spleen longlasting putrid Feavers stichy paines of the sides by reason of its thin substance but by reason of its grosse and binding substance it is good for the lientery dysentery spetting of blood and to stay bleeding wheresoever it be also for any part broken or bruised and inward bruises but it is hurtfull for them that are troubled with the sharpnesse of Urine which this increaseth because it is diureticall and soon seekes the bladder It may be given safely at any time even to them that are recovering out of diseases The Correction It s slownesse is corrected with Cinamon or Squinanth to ℈ s or ℈ i. or spikenard to gr iii. iv for ʒ i. of Rubarb but you must abstaine from this last in people that are with child and in Feavers and in those which easily vomit Some correct it with mastick but it is better first to sprinkle it with aq vitae afterwards to infuse it in convenient liquors The Dose In substance Mesues gives it from ʒ i. to ℈ iv in infusion from ʒ i. s to ʒ iii. and now a days none give it in substance beyond ʒ i. or ℈ iv In infusion we very seldome give beyond ʒ ii never beyond ʒ iii. The manner of giving it 'T is given either in substance or infusion or in a decoction In substance when the indication is to bind after it and when it should bind more forcibly it ought also to be torrified But in an infusion or a decoction when our mind is more to purge for by steeping the purgative faculty being in the thinner substance is transplanted into the liquor but the binding and earthy substance remaines The substance of it is given divers ways 1 In forme of Pils so there are divers officinall Pils that have Rubarb in them as pillulae aggregativae pill de tribus pill sine quibus pill de rhabarb of Mesues 2 In forme of a potion dissolving the powder of rubard in a fit liquor a broth whey of Goates milk some convenient distilled water as of Plantain Smallage Endive white wine adding correctors and sometimes syrrup of roses solutive as for example ℞ of the liquor ℥ ij more or lesse of Rubarb ʒ i. or ℈ iv of correcters ℈ s or ℈ i. syrrup of roses solutive ℥ i. Make a potion 3 In form of a bole by mingling the powder of it with Cassia Raisins Figges sugar of Roses c. or with the juyce of Roses or syrrup of Roses solutive so with a little Cinamon and Sugar make it into the consistence of a bole which we suffer to fermentate a little in the heat of the Sun 4 In the forme of lozenges for children ℞ of Rubarb ℈ i. and with Sugar q. s dissolved in a convenient water with which make lozenges which children will easily eat 5 In the forme of little cakes also for children kneading it up the honey boyled to a consistencie for cakes 6 In the forme of a marmelade mingling the powder of Rubarb with marmelade in the boyling of it up Or else take a Quince slit it in halves take out the coare and fill up the cavities with the powder of Rubarb Senna Carthamus or Agarick then joyn them together wrap them up in a wet paper and rost it in an oven or chimney till it be pap then loosen or open it throw away the medicine and eat the pulpe The infusion of Rubarb is also diversly given 1 and that commonly Rubarb with its correctors is infused in s q. of a convenient liquor as ℥ ii or ℥ iij. which after is strained from it and this strained liquor is taken or else in it is also dissolved syrrup of Roses solutive to ℥ i. or electuary of the juyce of roses ʒ i. ʒ i s and so make a potion 2 In the forme of Cakes for children by taking the infusion and adding fine flower or crumbs of bread with which mixed together make a past of the which are made Cakes 3 Or else after this manner for those that are more delicate ℞ of rubarb powdred q. v. infuse it in aq vitae enough to lye above it four fingers breadth in B. M. four days then pour of this coloured liquor and pour in another new one as before thus do till the liquor will be no more coloured then distill all those infusions mixed together till the extract remain in the bottome as thick as hony and to every ℈ i. will suffice ℥ of the juyce or extract that remains adde ℈ ij of the oyle of Cinamon For infants and women with child it is a precious and harmlesse medicine the Dose is ℈ i. with a spoonfull of wine The Decoction of Rubarb is made by boyling Rubarb out of hand with its correcters in s q. of some fit liquor afterwards pressing it out with strained liquor is taken or else over c. above may be dissolved in it syrrup of Roses or electuary of the juyce of Roses as aforesaid A LOES The Kind Aloes is a thickned juyce of a certaine Plant which Dioscorides describes lib. 3. cap. 21. which in the shape of its leaves resembles the greater Housleek and because of its long lasting green it is by divers cal'd sempervivum marinum i.e. sea liveever but commonly sea sengreen there are two kinds of it one Aloes Caballina or horse Aloes so called because it is used by Farriers to purge horses asses and mules the other is Aloes Hepatica or liver-coloured Aloes because it is condensed and coloured like a liver the best fort of which is
use But the true preparation of Scammony is done with the juyce of Limons clarified in which it is dissolved in B. M. and whilest it is yet hot it is strained through a linnen by which meanes the grosse and impure substance that doth nothing but hurt is separated Scammony thus prepared and corrected is called Diagridium The Dose The Dose of prepared Scammony i.e. of Diagridium is from gr vi to xii and ℈ i. Mesues from gr v. to xii Dioscorides and Ruffus to ʒ i. Paulus and Aelius to ℈ ii But perhaps the Scammony of the Greeks was gentler then ours not adulterated as now a days with the juyce of Spurge therefore it is better to follow the dose appointed by Mesues then that of the Greeks so that the lowest Dose be to gr v. vi the middle Dose to gr xii and the highest to gr xv or ℈ i. The manner of using it Diagridium is used in the forme of a potion bole electuary pils powder Dioscorides gave it in forme of a potion with fair water or water and hony But now a dayes it is neater used with oyl of sweet Almonds or syrup of Roses solutive and some convenient distilled water as for example ℞ of syrrup of roses solutive ℥ i. Diagridium gr vii more or lesse with succory water s q. make a potion The Bole is made of gr x. or xii of Diagridium with conserves of roses to ʒ ii and the chymicall oyl of cloves three or four drops a most pleasant purge It is used in form of an Electuary in the Electuary of the juyce of roses and transparent diacidonium purgative the Dose of both which is ʒ iii. yet the Electuary of the juyce of roses is never given by it selfe but dissolved in some convenient distilled water in the forme of a potion There is also made a pleasant electuary of the jelly of apples to twice the weight of the sugar to which boyled up to a just consistence there is added the infusion of Scammony in this proportion that ℥ i. of the electuary may receive ʒ i. of the infusion then boyling it up to the consistence and make an electuary like clear Marmelade the dose is ʒ iii. And this infusion of Scammony is made in aq vitae which afterwards is filtrated through a gray paper 'T is used in the form of Pils in many masses of Pils of the shops also it may be made into magisteriall Pils of a certain proportion of diagridium as gr viij ix xii with a fit juyce or syrrup Lastly the powder is thus composed out of Diagridium ℞ of creme of tartar ℈ ij or ʒ i. of Diagridium gr vii or more according to your indications mix it and make a powder to be taken in broath THE SECOND CLASSIS OF PURGERS IN WHICH ARE CITED THE PHLEGMAGOGVES OR PURGERS OF PHLEGME CARTHAMUS The Kind IT is the seed of wild or bastard Saffron whose kernell is onely used to purge withall and therefore in prescriptions it is commonly set downe the kernel part or middle of Carthamus bruised The Election That seed is best that is white plain thick and full whose kernel is fat and unctuous and husk thin The Qualities Mesues saith it is hot in the first and dry in the second degree Galen and Paulus say it heats in the third degree if it be used outwardly it purgeth phlegme and watrish humours it wonderfully discusseth windinesse and therefore is profitable in the cholick and dropsy it is addicted to the breast and lungs but is nought for the stomack The Correcters It is corrected for its hurting the stomack with stomachicall things as Anniseed Cinamon Galingale Mastich and the like but as to its slow operation by adding sharp things as Cardamomes Ginger Sal gem The Dose Is from ℥ s to ʒ vi and ℥ i. in infusion The manner of using It is seldome given unlesse in composition especially the Diacarthamum of the shops either in a liquid or solid consistence But by Mesues both by his owne and others judgment 1 In the form of Pils making a mass of ʒ x. of the kernelly part of Carthamus and ʒ i. of Cardamomes of which make Pils like pease and give ʒ v for one dose 2 In the form of a honyed syrrup viz. of an oxymel The kernelly part of Carthamus being tied up in a thin cloth and soaked in oxymel of squils whilst it is a boyling by which meanes it is made solutive 3 In the form of a bole ℞ of the Medulla or kernelly part of Carthamus ʒ xii pinidies ʒ iv Cardamomes and Ginger ana ʒ i. with honey make pils like wall-nuts of which let him take one or two at a time 4 In form of a potion the same Medulla being boyled in cock broath to ℥ s or thereabouts and afterwards the broath drank downe A GARICK The Kind and Election It is a Fungus or excrescence growing to the trunck of the Larch tree taking its name from Agaria a country of Sarmatia in which the best did grow yet now the best is had from the Dolphiny in France and from the mountaines about Trent as also in Rhetia Vindelitia and Noricum Countyes of Germany The marks of the best Agarick are included in the distick following Agarick's best that 's soon broke shining white If much goes to a pound for then 't is light That which is black weighty or wormeaten is discommended and that part of it that growes next the Tree The Qualities It is hot in the first dry in the second degree it cuts attenuates cleanseth openeth and discusseth it purgeth phlegme especially that which is gross and tough and both the sorts of choler from the brain nerves muscles organes of the senses back-bone brest lungs stomack liver spleen reines womb joynts it also resisteth poysons And therefore perhaps it is called by Democritus the medicine for the family because it hath some influence on all the parts of the body and takes away their obstructions and any disease thence arising and is safe for all ages but let women with child avoid it for it provokes the courses and is apt to cause abortion The Correction Two faults are to be corrected in Agarick 1 The slowth in working 2 The lightnesse or levity of it whereby it floates in the stomack and provokes vomiting and sticking to the intrals it moves defluxions and as it were pricking and fretting them breeds gripings which fauls of it are diversely corrected by Mesues but the best way is to make it into troschiscks with s q. of white wine or Malmsey wherein Ginger hath been steeped The Dose and manner of taking it The powder both of that in troschiscks and the other is given from ℈ ii to ʒ i and ʒ ii but in decoction or infusion from ʒ ii to ℥ s ʒ v It is given both in the form of a potion pils and bole In the form of a potion if the powder of Agarick especially the troschiscated be dissolved in a convenient liquor
broath in which hath been boyled raisins Cinamon and Spikenard 2 In form of a syrrup if the juyce clarified be boyled up with sugar the Dose of it is â„¥ ii ELATERIUM It is the juyce of the wild Cowcumber thickened and made into troschiscks The Election The oldest is the best which being held neer the candles puts out the light and before it put it ouâ— makes it sparkle upwards and downwards The Qualities 'T is hot and dry in the third degree it purgeth waters or any thing else and as other gentler things purge water out of the veines this draws it forth from the cavity of the belly beyond the veines The Correction 'T is corrected because it is fretting and anastomaticall and hurts the principall parts with milk gum tragant and bdellium and fit strengtheners as Cinamon species diarâ—hodon abbutis and other cordials The Dose Is gr vi ℈ ss to gr xv at most divers will not easily give above gr v. 'T is uâ—ed first in pi's as â„ž of some easy gentle pils such as pils de tribus with Rubarb Aloephanginae of hiera c. Ê’ ss or ℈ ii of Elater um gr v. or x. make pils for thus the unbridled violence of the Elaterium is restrained 2 In form of an extract extracting its essence according to art with spirit of wine that hath had saunders steeped in it or diam argariton frigidum and to every ounce of this essence thus extracted adde of the chymicall oyles of Cinamon and Nutmeg and ℈ i. The Dose Is ℈ ss with some convenient liquor or else it may be made up in the form of Pils ESULA or SPURCE The shops comprehend all the sorts of the tithymals under the name of Esula because it is manifest that all of them purge watrish humours But as there are divers Authors some take one thing some another some use the spurge called Ciparissia others the sweet Spurge of Tragus others that called Platyphyllon or broad leafed Spurge others leafed Spurge called Peplus others the greater Spurge or Pityusa of Dioscorid which is now out of use The Qualities It is hot and dry in the third degree it purgeth phlegme and choler but most especially watrish humours and that from the remote parts 'T is corrected with Cinamon Nutmeg Tragant Muscilage of Fleawort but it is the best way to steep it four and twenty hours in vinegar juyce of Purslane or juyce of Lemons The Dose Of the bark of the root is from gr vi to ℈ ss gr xv of the juyce or milk of it from gr iii. to vi or vii 'T is used all those wayes that any purge hitherto mentioned is or can be used but chiefly there is prepared of it an extract according to art whose dose is to gr xv And thus far of Purgers properly so called now follow the Vomitories VOMITORIES Those Medicaments are so called which do evacuate derive or revell all hurtfull things from the stomack and surfettings of meat and excrementitious humors of other parts and expell them by force and violence at the mouth And this they do either by a manifest quality as relaxing the superiour mouth of the stomach whereby the retentive faculty being weakned the expulsive faculty of the stomack being irritated either by the abundance or acrimony of the humours expels whatsoever is contained within its verge upwards the nether parts contracting themselves to forward that motion and these we use when there is nauseousnesse and desire of vomiting together with a bitternesse of the mouth and a pain or oppression about the short ribs such are sallet oyle faire water warmed butter and all fat and oyly things Or else they do it by an occult quality by which they rather purge upwards then downwards the Matter of all these to be reduced to a practicall use are usually divided into gentle moderate and violent vomitories The Gentle Simples Faire water or Barly water warmed drank plentifully to a quart or more broath of flesh that is fatty drunk in a good quantity oyl Olive warmed given to â„¥ iv or vi butter melted and hot Compounds Meade largely taken water and oyle called Hydraeleon to â„¥ viii or â„¥ x. simple Oxymell with warm water syrrup of Vinegar with warm water new figs eaten drinking after them a draught of warm water The Moderate Rootes of Orach Asarum from Ê’ i. to ℈ iv in infusion from Ê’ i ss to Ê’ iii. and â„¥ ss of Betony made into a potion with Meade as Dioscorid the roots of Garden Cowcumbers Maudlins Avicen Gesner lib. 2. epist 11 fol. 63. of Melons bulbes of Narcissus or Daffodils roots of Pompions powdred from ℈ ii to Ê’ i. in infusion from Ê’ i to Ê’ iii. and radish roots Barkes The middle bark of Wal-nut trees to Ê’ i. in infusion to Ê’ iii. and â„¥ ss but chiefly the catlings of the Tree called Juli dryed in an oven Seeds of Dill Orach garden Cowcumbers Rocket Radish from Ê’ iii. to â„¥ ss of Nettles from Ê’ ss to Ê’ i. in infusion from Ê’ i. to â„¥ ss Flowers of Dill of Walnuts viz. Catlings as is aforesaid in the Barks given to Ê’ i. in wine to them that have the cholick or stone Juyce of Radish to ounce two The shavings of ones own nailes drank in wine E'ectuaryes Diasarum Fernel lib. 7. Meth. whose dose is Ê’ iii. in Barly water honied water or whey The Violent Roots of Spurge Sowbread Danewort hedge hysop to ℈ i. but in infusion from Ê’ i. to Ê’ i ss or Ê’ ii white Hellebore infused in broath chiesly to Ê’ ss Ê’ i. or Ê’ i ss at most adding cordiall things to ℈ i. but it is to be given very warily the roots of Cresses Barkes of the roots of Danewort and Elder Seedes of Spurge Cataputia ten or twelve cleansed from their husks bruised and given in a reare egge these are profitably given to them that have drank poysons or love potions the seeds of broom from Ê’ ii to â„¥ ss of Cresses of Palma Christi Flowres of Danewort Broome Fruites Nux Vomica Juyces of sowbread vinegar distilled with the crumbs of rye bread to â„¥ iii. it is a most strong medicine in agues Chymicall things Vitrum antimonii of any sort infused to ℈ i. rather gr vi or vii c. in a fat liquor Mercurius vitae prepared to gr v. at most with ℈ i. of some fit pils Antimony prepared which if it be rightly used is a famous and safe vomitory Concerning whose preparation and manner of using it because there are divers opinions of the chymicks extant I shall give my opinion for that which they call Crocus Metallorum which is the best of all ℈ i. of which infused in Malmsey fourteen dayes in a warm place stirring the wine every day afterwards keep it for your use The Dose of this wine is from Ê’ i. to Ê’ i ss taken out of a spoon It is a famous remedy both in Feavers and other diseases that have been deeply rooted in the
i. e. 5th of Matthiolus and the third of Fuchsius which is called by Gesner Flammula Burned Levens Emplast Epispasticum Ripeners by the Latines Suppurantia by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THose are so called which help nature in converting the moibificall cause into pus or matter The use of which is when the malady will not yeild to discussing medicines in sanguine tumors or in those of other humours so they be mixed with blood because that only is capable of suppuration for in tumors proceeding from choler or melancholy suppurating medicines are not to be safely administred for they easily turn to a Cancer or such like malignant ulcers they ought to be according to Galen 5 simpl cap. 8.9 of a temper most agreeable to the body and part to which they are to be applyed both in heat and moysture that they may both increase and cherish the naturall heat which is author of this concoction they should also be emplastickall that by their daubing quality they may stop the pores of the skin that they may keep in both the heat and spirits which being thus augmented do the more easily ripen the humour such are these of which if any seeme too moyst or too dry they are to be temperd by the mixture of others Rootes of Marsh-mallowes white Lillies Colts foot new briony wild Cowcumber new gathered Onions roasted Leaves of Marsh-mallowes mallowes sorrell beares breech miscle toe Seedes of Flax fenegreek barly wheat Flowre of barly wheat vetches called â—robus wheat bread Fruites Fat figs raysins fat dates Gums Ammoniack Bdellium Resins Larch Turpentine Frankinsence liquid styrax pitch common rosin Animals The sat of hens geese hogs marrow of a calfe butter oesipus yeolkes of egges yellow wax bee glew milk Suets of all sorts Juyces and liquors sope hot water powred on water and oyl ladanum Oyles Sweet oyl olive oyl of sweet almonds of linseed of white lilly roots Vnguents of Marsh-mallowes resumptivum Basilicon Agrippae Aureum Plaisters Diachilon simple and compound and that with gums levens Openers of Imposthumes There are divers things that let out water among which pidgeons dung Crowfoot Cantharides Figmilk but it is more usuall to open tumors when they are ripened either with Iron or some cautery either actuall or potentiall THE FIRST BOOK THE SECOND PART Of Remedies respecting the generall heads of diseases The Division of this part THere are three generall heads of diseases viz. Distemper Vitiated Composition and separation of the continuity Distemper is either simple which is helped by alterers or else it is joyned with matter and then we are to have regard to the cause for it requires remedies to oppose the cause of which already in the first part Vitiated composition of the parts such as may be remedied by medicines are 1 Too much streightnesse of the invisible passages of the body which is called condensednesse to which we oppose rarefiers 2 Too much dilatation of the said passages to which are used Condensers and if it be in the visible passages we oppose it by Binders 3 There are some diseases arise from overgrowing of the flesh as the constipation or shutting up of any cavity by such excrescence or else the greatnesse or number of the parts exceeding what is naturall and these require Catereticks or eating medicines of which where I shall speak of the Pyroticks in generall Other remedies of the diseases of ill composition are either preservative opposing the causes with which they are together removed and therefore not to be repeated here or Chyrurgicall and so not pertaining to this place Separation or Division of the continuity of the parts requires gluing or joyning medicines hither also belong vulnerary things or else they are joyned with the losse of the substance of the part to which belong Sarcaticks Epuleticks ingenderers of a callous or hardnesse of each severally Rarefiers by the Latines Rarefacientia by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are so called which open the pores of the skin to procure a free transpiration such are hot but moderately very neer our naturall heat and moyst that they may relax for drying things streighten of thin parts that they may penetrate The Vse is chiefly externall to prevent internall putrefaction by exhalation of the fuliginous vapours of the blood also in externall tumors where the matter is over hot and the part wherein it is is soft and thin that the humor contained in the part causing the swelling and pain being dissolv'd may the better evaporate in fumes such are these following Rootes of Marsh-mallowes white Lillies Leaves of Dill Mallowes Violets Elder Danewort Beares breech Mercury Flowres of Chamomill Mellilote Elder Seedes of Flax Fenugreek Fruites Dryed Figges Fat 's and Greases of Hogs Calves Hens Men and Geese Excrements New Butter Oesipus Waters of Chamomill white Lillies warmed water especially a bath of it Oyles of Olives white Lillies Violets sweet Almonds earth wormes Chamomill Dill Linseed of Ireos of Jasmine Oymments Ung Resumptivum and Dialthee Condensers by the Latines Condensantia by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are so called which contract the pores of the skin and represse or hinder transpiration they are of a more watrish nature then the binders before mentioned The use of which is to hinder too much sweat and the dissolution of the spirits the matter followes The Leaves of Sengreen great and little Lettice Purslaine Maiden hair Endive Sow-thistle Dandelion Fleawort water Lillies Ducks meat Cold water and generally whatsoever cooles without binding contract the smaller pores but they cannot bind the whole part effectually Corrosives by the Latines Adurentia by the Greekes Pyrotica and Caustica THey are so called which by their extreame heat do burn the skin to divers purposes no lesse then fire or scalding water and therefore it is necessary that they be of a fiery nature yet they differ both in degrees of heat and manner of their matter Of the first rank are the rubifiers and blisterers which are the gentlest of all of which is spoken before of the second rank are the Cathereticks or corrosive medicines eating and consuming opposite to the sarcoticks yet these only work on the superficies without corrupting the adjacent parts and corrode extenuate consume and weare away that very gently They are hot and dry in the third and fourth degree and of thin substance that they may insinuate into the matter that is to be taken away and be dissipated or made invalid before they penetrate far Of the third sort are those called Septicks or putrifiers sharper then the Cathereticks penetrate deeper and dissolve putrifie and corrupt the thinner part of the flesh and this they do not so much by the benefit of the intensenesse of their heat as by a malignant quality wherefore they are most irksome to nature and destroy the sabrick of it and therefore there followes them the dissolution of the radicall moysture and a carcase like putrefaction they are of much a
these following Leaves of Lettice Sengreen Dill. Seedes of Lettice the four greater cold seedes white Poppy seeds Fruites Sweet Almonds Peach kernels Waters of Violets water Lillies Lettice Purslane Nightshade Roses Syrups of Violets water Lillies Poppies Cowslips Conservâ—s of Violets water Lillies Cowslips Candied things Stalkes of Italian Lettice Candid Juyces of Lettice â„¥ iii. of the juyce of Lettice is a deadly draught therefore be wary water Lillies night shade Species Diamargariton frigidum powder of Haly diatrion santalon Tro chiscks Gordonii Oyles To anoynt the forehead remples and soles of the feet oyle of violets water Lillies sweet Almonds Dill Willowes Mandrake Frogs Poppyes Roses Marrowes of the thigh bones of calves harts Vnguents Populeon out of all which divers remedies to procure sleep both internall and externall may be prepared Stoppers of Blood by the Latines Sanguinem sistentia by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are so called that stay or stanch blood flowing out of the veines or arteries whether opened by relaxation of the orificies or by corrosion or violent breaking or cut as in a wound and this other medicament can performe besides caustick medicines which stop it by inducing a crust or escara instead as it were of a stopple and that divers wayes viz. i. by an emplastick quality for such as are of a grosse and clammy substance they stop and fill up the orifices of the veines Secondly by a cooling binding drying vertue or lastly by some other propriety or occult quality The Matter of all which is this following Rootes of Cumfrey Cinquefoyle Rubarb torrefied nettles Barkes of Pomegranates Pine trees Leaves of Plantain knot grasse horsetaile periwinkle burnet both sorts â—ursan nettles willowes ducks meat lettice purslain night shade both the sengreens bramble buds Flowres Balaustines Citrines Fruites Quinces sowre peares services medlars bramble berries mulberries unripe of sumach unripe gals burnt gals that are suddainly quenched in vinegar or sowre wine Juyces and liquors Acacia Hypocistis Aloes vinegar vinegar with water called Posca verjuyce cold water juyce of gourds purslain sowr wine Rosins Frankinsence myrrh mastick rosin rubbed Fernel 5. M. M. 3. Gums Sanguis draconis Sea things Corall Amber Sponge burnt Animals their parts and excrements Glue Mummy both inward and outward white of an egge spicers web especially it it be such as is full of the fine flowr of mils or bakehouses clots of blood dryed Spodium mode of Ivory hens feathers burnt haire of horses and men burnt bones burnt to a fine powder Stones Bloodstone Schistus Jasper plaster of paris washed Earthes Common earth 8 Simpl. bole terra sigillata Flowre of wheat beanes starch Sootes Soot scraped from the oven mouth or off a brasse pot foot of Frankinsence or Mastick Minerals Litharge Cerusse white Tutty Vitriol Alum Refreshers of the spirits by the Latines spiritus reficientic by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 I intend not to speak here of such things as remove the causes that oppresse the spirits or of them that by accident restore them nor of those which strengthen the heat of the heart for they are to be referd to the Cordials but only of such as with their gratefull sent or vapours suddainly restore the spirits whose Vse is in swounding and faintings such are the Rootes of the true Acorns Angelica Avens Ciperus blew flowre deluce of Florence Barkes and Woodes of Citrons Oranges lignum Aloes Saunders especially the yellow Leaves of mountain Calamint Hysop Lavender marjerome baume mints bazill rosemary penyroyall mother of time time Flowres of Oranges clove gilleflowers Citrons Jasimine Lilly of the vally limons all sorts of spike roses purple violets Berries of Juniper Bayes Fruites ripe Quinces fragrant apples Spices Cloves Cinamon Mace Rosins and Gums Styrax Camphere Excrements Musk Civet Waters and Vinegars Water of Cinamon Citron and Orange and Limon flowres of Lavender Jasemine and roses vinegar of strong wines of clove gilleflowers of roses Sweet Oyles as of Cinamon Costus Nutmegs Spike Camphere Jasemine Cloves oyl of Balsome of Citron peeles and such like Note that in women such fragrant things are not to be held to the nose least it should cause fits of the mother but rather ill sented things as Caster Rue c. THE SECOND BOOK Of the particular matter of Physick SECTION I. Of Remedies belonging to the head The Type of the Section Remedies dedicated to the head are either dedicated to the brain as Cephalicall things purgers of the head as Errhines Sternutatories Apophelegmatismes Eyes as opthalmicall things which are either sharpeners of the sight anodines or easers of pain repellers digesters cleansers Eares as Oticks ro ear medicines Teeth as teethish medicines Cephalicall medicines by the Latines Capitalia by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are properly called cephalicall medicines that have a virtue to preserve or restore the naturall heat and vigor of the brain and which strengthen it being first cleansed from the anoying filth that molests it The Vse of which as also of all other strengthening medicines that have their denomination from the part is both before diseases beginning and in them and also after they are removed but most usually after generall purgations to restore strength to the parts from whence they have their name of strengtheners least they should againe heape more vitious humours and by that meanes occasion new affections or conduce to the return of the old And although the faculty of these strengtheners seeme something occult yet hath it either heat or coldnesse joyned with it by whose helpe the relicks of a cold or hot distemper are removed together with the other operation so that in speciall cephalicall things are twofold hot in cold affections of the brain cold in hot affections of the brain and also the dry as those things that are proper for mitigating deliriums The hot are these Internall Rootes of Birthwort which is famous in the falling sicknesse that proceeds from the womb calamus aromaticus Acorus and Galingale for winedinesse of Male pyony against the falling sicknesse and vaine feares also misle of the oake florentine â—reos English Galingale Zedoary Leaves of Betony Marjerome for windinesse narrow leaved sage Centaury the lesse to strengthen the nerves rosemary for the trembling and palsy bayes mirtles for catarrhes mountain calamint lavender primrose bazill savory hyssop baume wild marjerome Barkes and Woodes Barkes of Citrons guiacum â—asaphras lignum Aloes Seedes of Coriandeâ—â— Fennel silvermontan Berries of Juniper bayes mirtles graines of kermes seeds of Piony and Nigella Flowres of Sâ—aechas of Arabia which are as it were the life of the braine and nerves most sefull in the swimming of the head falling sicknesse and melancholy lillies of the vally cowslips line tree spikenard centaury the lesse betony of rosemary mellilote chamomill Fruites Anacardines but warily because they burn the blood Spices Nutmegs Cubebs gr v. swallowed every day Cardamomes Mace Cloves Cinamon Ginger and Pepper for a moyst brain Rosins Frankinsence
Beets Maidenhair Leaves of Mirtles Mastick tree wild Olives Penniryall wild Marjoram Hysop Mints Sage Rosemary either several or many of them mixt burnt and reduced to ashes Of Animals Skuttle bone Crabs eyes all sorts of shels and the shels of Land snails Harts horn Of Stones Pumice stone Sponge stone Alablaster Chalk all of these most exactly powdered or if that cannot hand somly be let them be first burnt and then powdered Stones of Dates Mirobalanes Olives Cypres nuts Medlars burnt Sea things Coral Sea froth Amber Earthy juices Common salt salt Gemme Alum salt Peeter melted on a Tile-shard and burnt sal Alkali or the salt they make Glasse of and the fattinesse that swimmeth on the top when it is dissolved in water called Glasse grease Tartar of white Wine crusts of Bread burnt To these are to be added the powders of Spices as of Lignum aloes and other odoriferous Plants the root of Ireos Musk Amber greece and for the strengthning of the Gums Mastick Frankincense Mirrh ¶ And to those that will resolve to endure the taste there is no better thing then Aloes dissolved in Claret wine THE SECOND BOOK SECTION II. Of Remedies of the BREST The type of the Section Remedies of the Brest respect either the Heart as Cordials Lungs as Bechical or Expectorating Medicines Pneumonical or Medicines that alter the distemper of the Lungs Brest as Breeders of Milk Driers of Milk Cordials by the Latines Cordialia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are so called that are either proper for strengthning the Heart resisting malignity or encreasing the Spirits such are all the Alexipharmacal internal medicines before rehearsed except that there the hot are confusedly mixed with the cold which in the use of them are to be distinguished but besides those these following are profitable which are not there cited The Hot Cordials Roots Of Doronicum or wholsom Wolfs-bane Zedoary Cinquefoil Avens Butterbur Barks Of Oranges and Citrons Leaves Of Carduus benedictus Sage mountain Calamint Motherworts ground Ivie Mints Bazil Rosemary Flowers Of Sage Lilly of the vally Spikenard Rozins Frankincense Storax Benzoin Animals Mummy Silk Sea things Amber Waters Of Carduus benedictus Balm scabiosse Sage Cinamon Treacle water ¶ Angelica water the greater composition Aqua Petasitis or water of Butterbur compound Bezoar water Gilberts water Scordium water compound Aqua Imperialis Aqua Mariae Oyls Of Cloves Cinamon Saffron Condited things Citron barks roots of Scorzonera or Spanish Vipers grasse Troschischs Of Gallia Moscata Alipta Moscara Trosch Alexiterii Species or Powders ¶ Bezoardicus Magistralis Cardiacus Magistralis temperate cordial Species Powder of Crabs claws compound Diamoscum Species of the Electuary Rosatae Novellae See the Alexipharmacal Medicines before Cooling Cordials Roots Of Sorrel Buglosse Leaves Of Sorrel wood Sorrel Borage Buglosse water Lillies Mirtles Seeds Of Quinces Plantain Fruits Sowr Cherries fragrant Apples Quinces sowr Pomegranats Flowers Of Willow ¶ The four cordial Flowers Clove Gilly flowers Juices Of Sorrel Roses and the Fruits aforesaid Stones Garnets Rubies Minerals and Sea things Gold Silver Coral Pearls mother of Pearls prepared Waters Of Roses Violets Buglosse water Lillies Sorrel Cheries Syrups Of Vinegar Pomegranats Limons Verjuice of the juice of Sorrel Violets Roses Quinces water Lillies Apples Currans Oxisaccarum Conserves Of Roses ¶ Borage and Buglosse flowers Clove Gilly flowers of wood Sorrel Condites Lemons preserved Barbaries Currans sowr Cherries preserved ¶ Quinces Pippins Oranges without the peels Borage roots Species Diamargariton frigidum Treschischs Of Spodium Camphier Vnguents Of Roses of Sanders Expectoraters by the Latines Expectorantia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THey are such Medicines as render those things or Excrements contained in the Lungs fit to be purged out by coughing and are called Bechicks from their manner of evacuating by coughing for the Greek word Bex signifies a Cough from whence comes Bechicus They are otherwise called procurers of spetting and Anacatharticks as also from the part that is to be evacuated they are called Thoracicals and Expectoraters and they are of two sorts according to the variety of Excrements viz. attenuaters and thickeners the first expectorate by attenuating cutting and cleansing the grosse Humors the others by thickening and also lenifying Where is to be noted that if any thing among the attenuaters seems too sharp it is to be tempered with the lenifiers least the Cough be too much irritated or least the grosse Humor by too much using them be hardned The matter of the Attenuaters Roots Of both the Birthworts marsh Mallows Angelica Cuckoo-pits Enulacampain Ireos Squils Onions Ginger Leaves Of Maidenhair Calamint ground Ivie Hysop Tobacco both for a Syrup and suffumigation wild Marjoram Penniryal Jerusalem Cowslips Horehound Catsfoot or mountain Cudweed Scabiosse Sundew or Ros folis Coltsfoot Seeds Of Annise Coleworts Carthamus Fennel Cresses Massilian Seseli Silvermountain of Nettles Berries Of Bays Juniper Flowers Of Rosemary Camomile Scabiosse Saffron from ℈ s to * Never exceed ℈ s for it causeth faintnesse by over mollifying ℈ i. Fruits Bitter Almonds dried Figs Capers Rosins Myrrh Turpentine Animals Hony Fox-lungs prepared to ʒ s ʒ i. Chymical things Flowers of Brimstone made either into a Loach or Tablets oyl of Brimstone a few drops of which use to be mixed with the Lohochs Waters Of Carduus benedictus Hysop Coltsfoot Scabiosse Syrup of Maidenhair Hysop Horehound Coltsfoot of Catsfoot simple Oximel Oximel of squils ¶ Syrup de Erisimo botruos Conserves Of Enulacampain Maidenhair Rosemary Flowers of Coltsfoot Flowers Powders Dia Ireos Solomonis and simple Diacalamintha Lohochs Of Fox lungs ¶ Sanum expert Lohoch de Farfara or Coltsfoot de Passulis External things Oyls Of bitter Almonds Ireos Camomile Oyntments Resumtivum Dialthea Pectoral Plaisters Filii Zachariae The matter of the thickning lenifying things Roots Of Liquorice Holihocks Seeds The four greater cold feeds white Poppy Lettuce Mallows Barly Rice Flowers Of water Lillies Violets red Poppy Fruits Sweet Almonds Dates Jujubes Pine kernels Phistick nuts sweet Prunes Raisins Sebestens Juices Of Liquorice Starch Penidies Opium with caution Animals Butter Marrows new drawn Waters Of Violets red Poppy water Lillies Syrups Of Liquorice Jujubes water Lillies red Poppies Violets white Poppies Hony of Violets ¶ Diacodium simple and compound Syrup of the Muscilages Conserves Of Violets water Lillies Powders Of Diatragacanthum frigidum and Diapenidium Pneumonicks or altering Medicines for the Lungs THey are those that are used to correct the distemper of the Lungs the matter of which is the same with that of the Expectoraters among which to heat the Brest the most excellent is flower of Brimstone given to * Rather to ℈ i. ʒ i. in a soft dressed Egg also ʒ ii of Turpentine dissolved in ℥ ii of Oximel Outwardly the Sulpherous natural Baths But to cool the Brest the use of sowr things of Milk red Saunders in the beginning of a Consumption and to prevent the spetting of Blood will suffice Also Conserves of
Roses made sowr with a little oyl of Vitriol used often morning and evening at going to bed See for others amongst the Expectoraters Encreasers or Breeders of Milk THey are so called properly or unproperly they properly breed Milk that cause much and good Blood such are Meats of much and good nourishment and temperate Medicines for of such things Milk is the material effect They improperly breed Milk which are endued with a moderate cutting quality whereby they render the Blood fluid and move it to the Dugs that it may there be converted into Milk of which this present Discourse is Where note that some certain of them do force the Blood as it were to the Dugs Some are external some internal The Internal The Leaves of the true Macedonian Parsley of Dill Smallage water Parsnips Polley all of them must be green Poligalaor Milkwort Lettuce in hot tempers for in cold ones it diminisheth milk Green Seeds Of Annise Fennel Rocket Nigella Juices Of Gourd Dandelion blew Goats-beard Ptisane or thick Barley broth Powder Of Christal made very fine and given to Ê’ i. in a fit Liquor Lac Lunae given to the weight of Ê’ i. External things Mollifying simples as the Roots of marsh mallows the Leaves of Dill mallows Seed of Flax flowers of Camomile mixed with the aforesaid Leaves and Seeds for a Fomentation Also Rubifiers if other things will not avail See Rubifiers Things drying Milk THose things diminish Milk that either by their vehement coldnesse thicken the Blood or by their too much heat discusse and dry it up or else by a propriety of substance hinder the breeding it Such are either Internal and those either Hot as Bazil Rue Calamint Sage Agnus Castus or cold as Purslain Housleek Gourds * This should rather have been referred to the heaters for it resists Milk by drying and consuming and is withall hot as appears by its aerimony and small Camphier or external as a Cataplasm of the hot things aforesaid boiled in Oyl 2. Linnens dipped in Verjuice and applyed 3. Smallage stamped with Vinegar and applyed 4. A sponge dipped in the Decoction of Cummin or Coriander seed made with sharp Vinegar and applyed 't is the secret of some people ¶ I have seen this very succesfully and speedily done by a Midwife only first fomenting the Dug with Vinegar and afterwards applying a Plaister of Diachilon simple which was suffered to lye on two or three dayes this prevented any hardnesse that otherwise might have happened THE SECOND BOOK SECTION III. Of Remedies of the inferior Cavity viz. The BELLY The Type of the Section Remedies of the inferior Cavity or Belly are properly these viz. for the Stomack Stomachical things Intrals chiefly above other parts are used Discussers of windinesse Killers of Worms Liver Hepatical things Spleen Splenetical things Kidneys or reins Nephritical-things and those either lenifiers cleansers brekers of the Stone Bladder cistical things Testicles encreasers of Seed diminishers of Seed Womb Histerical things and those either strengthning the Womb. or moving staying the courses Stomachical Medicines THey are called Stomachicals which by a peculiar faculty alter those humors that are contained in the stomack and also help together with it the Concoction and other functions of the stomack and strengthen it of which some are hot some cold and both these must not be too much opening or diuretical but somewhat astringent The Hot. Roots Of Calamus aromaticus Cvpresse Galingale greater Gentian or Felwort Zedoary Barks Of Oranges Citrons Woods As Lignum Aloes Leaves Wormwood Betony Mint wild Marjoram Rosemary Sage Seeds Of Annise Citrons Cummin Fennel seeds of Chermes Flowers Of Bettony Sage Fruits Bitter Almonds Peach kernels Gums Mastick Ê’ s given with a little Ginger or Zedoary in a rear Egg. All Spices especially Ginger and Pepper swallowed whole Sea things Ambergreece Amber Waters Of the Leaves aforesaid of Cinamon Aqua vitae spirit of Anniseed ¶ Spirit and water of Wormwood the greater composition Aqua Mirabilis Imperialis Mint water distilled with Wine D. Steevens his Water Distilled Oyls Of Cloves Nutmegs Cinamon mace Cummin seed Amber ¶ Especially Oyl of citron and Orange Barks Syrups Of Wormwood mint Bettony ¶ Of citron peels of cinamon Conserves of the Flowers of Wormwood Bettony sage ¶ Of the tops of Mint and Balm of Roses with Mithridate Condites Citron peels Acorus Condite Nutmegs Walnuts Ginger condited Confections Alcherms mithridate Treacle ¶ Diacorum Diacinnamomum Electuary of Bayberries Electuary of Sasafras Species or Powders Aromaticum Rosatum Diagalanga Diacidonii cum speciebus ¶ This last had been fit among the confections not here To these add Aromat cariophillatum Species Elect. Rosatae novellae Diatrion Piperion Diaspoliticum Dianisum powder of the roots of Cuckoopits compound Troschischs Of Wormwood Rubarb Gallia moscata External are Oyls Of Wormwood mint mastick Nutmegs by expression of Nard ¶ Distilled Oyls of Wormwood Amber Nutmegs Mace Emplasters Of Bay berries stomachale Galeni stomachicum magistrale Cold things for the stomack Roots Of sorrel sâ—ccâ—ry Plantain Leavâ—s Of sorrel Endive sowthistle succory the five capillary Herbs Dandelion and the Leaves of mirtles Seeds The four greater and the four lesser cold seeds mirtleberries Barley Flowers Of succory red Roses Cytines or flowers of Pomegranats Woods All the saunders Fruits Barberries Quinces Pomegranats Cherries medlars services strawberries Citrons all the mirabolans especially ¶ Prunelles currans Raspes Juices Of the Leaves and Fruits aforesaid also Acacia Hypocistis Gums Camphier adding Binders with it ¶ Camphier taken in any considerable quantity offends the Stomack and Head especially if nothing be joyned with it Faculties of Camphier to allay that fumous acrimony wherewith it is fraught which is so searching and fiery that it rather dissolves Nature with the heat then cools otherwise then by accident being outwardly applyed Sea things Coral Waters Of Roses Plantain ¶ Of Quinces Brambleberries Succory Syrups Of Verjuice of the juice of sorrel of Quinces Pomegâ—anats mirtles rob of Quinces juice of Oâ—anges Preserves Cherries Quinces Currans Barberries sowr Grapes preserved ¶ Oranges and Lemons preserved without their peels Goos-berries Raspes Species Diatrion sanralon Diarrhodon abbatis Diamargariton frigidum Troschischs Of Camphier Spodium Maudlins ¶ Trosch of Saunders Barbaries External Coolers Oyl of Mastick wood of Quinces of Mirtles of Roses omphacine Oyntments Unguentum Rosatum Orange flower oyntment Unguentum sumach KILLERS of WORMS Called by the Latines Vermes necantia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THose are called Killers of Worms which the Worms abhor either for some manifest quality as sharpnesse bitternesse sowrnesse which tasts are loathsom to them or else such as by an occult quality are destructive to them Where note that without a Feaver we may use the hotter sort but in a Feaver them that are lesse hot i. e. sowr ones or else things mixed with such Roots Of Birthwort Swallow-wort Alkanet Snakeweed white Dittany Gentian the greater Crosswort Fearn male and female Carline Thistle
Enulacampain Devilsbit Tormentil Zedoary Rubarb Madder Burdock Butterbur Barks Of the roots of Mulberries Capers Leaves Of Wormwood Pontic and sea wormwood Time Mints Rue Dandelion Polly Asarina of Matthiolus Savine Horehound Calamint Tansie Arsmart Peach leaves Carduus benedictus Goats rue Flowers Of Century the lesse Hops Hysop Seeds Wormseed Lupines of Coleworts Corianders prepared Purslane Citrons Oranges Grach Dill Hedisarum or French Honysuckle Pseudomelanthium or St Katherine flower Nigella or Fennel flower Cresses garden and wild Rocket of Turnips Lovage Hops Sorrel Hemp Leeks Barberries Gums Of Juniper or Vernish Myrrh which is a Rosin Animals Shavings of Harts horn and Ivory powder of earth Worms the cochal bone of an Ox Unicorns horn Earths Bole armoniack Terra sigillata Minerals Brimstone salt Peeter Quicksilver given to ℈ s ¶ Pewter filed small Sea things Coralline red Coral ¶ Amber Juices Of the aforesaid things of Limons Purslane Verjuice Waters Of Wormwood Gentian Grasse Purslane sea Radish Perwinkle Rue Mints of the flowers of Sloe tree Endive Succory Condites Orange and Citron peels Syrups Of Wormwood Endive Succory of the juices of Citrons Oranges Barberries Currans Sorrel Bizantinus ¶ Syrup of Succory with Rubarb Syrup of Peach flowers of the juice of St. Johns wort of wood Sorrel Syrup of Rubarb augustan Syrup of Reses solutive with Hellebore Syrup of the juice of Scordium Conserves Of Peach flowers Clovegilly flowers Orange and Citron flowers Oyls Of Olives bitter Almonds Peach kernels of Vitriol one two or three drops Confections Treacle Mithridate ¶ Treaclediatessaron London Treacle Diascordium confect de Hyacinth Elect. Amarum Magistrale utrumque Powders Diaspoliticum Diacalaminth compound Dialacca Purging powders Diaturbith cum Rhabarbaro Warwick powder Mercurius dulcis Salts of Wormwood Centory Broom c. External things Oyls Of Wormwood Rue Coloquintis i. e. of Coloquitis infused in Oyl and boyled Oyl of Bayberries ¶ Oyl of Myrrh Savine Sicionium Oyntments Unguentum de Arthanita Oyntment for the Worms of the Augustan Physicians Gall applyed to the Navil or anointed on the Belly ¶ The Oyntment called in the London shops Vnguentum amarum or the bitter Oyntment is worth them all Note that the chymical Oyls of any of the aforesaid simples are used both inward and outward if there be no Feaver DISCUSSERS of WIND Called by the Latines Dicutientia and Sarminativa by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THose simples are so called which are of the like nature with the Diaphoreticks before mentioned they differ not in faculty but in the intention and use The Vse of these is in pains of the Chollick and griefs of the Womb. Roots Of Angelica Galingale Masterwort Indian spikenard Barks Of Oranges speciall in curing and preserving from the Chollick Leaves Of Bayes Calamint wilde Marjoram Dill Majoram savory Rue Pennyrial Hysop mint Bazil Time wild Time Seeds Of Annise Fennel Carraways Cunimin Daucus Bishopsweed Parsley Agnus castus Angelica Oranges Citrons Flowers Of Camomile Centory the lesse for Wind in the short Ribs Region Fruits Bayberries appropriated to pains of the Cholick and Womb Junipeâ— berries Spices Mace saffron Cloves Ginger Cinamon Pepper Animals Castor ¶ Wolf guts dryed Waters Of Cinamon Aqua vitae and Waters of the Leaves aforesaid Distilled Oyls Of Anniseed Fâ—nnel seed Carraways and Camomile which is the best Electuaries Of Bayberries Treacle Treaclediatessaron to Ê’ i. in white Wine Species Diacumini Diagalingal of Rosata novella External things Oyls Of Wormwood Dill Rue Mints Bays oyl made by infusion of the seeds and flowers of Agnus castus this is admirable in the Collick Plaister of Mellilate Cataplasms and Bags made of the aforesaid Leaves seeds flowers are most profitable in the Collick A great Cupping glasse with much flame set upon the tumisied place and in the Collick applied to the Navil it easeth pain as it were an inchantment as Galen affirms Hepaticks or Medicines for the Liver called by the Latines and Greeks Hepatica THey are so called which correct the distemper of the Liver and hinder its obstructions to which 't is very apt or else which help it when 't is come to passe and withall do a little binde its substance that the spirit and heat of the Liver as of a principal part may be preserved Such are those that cut and cleanse without vehement heat and that are withall somewhat binding ¶ These also are either hot or cold internal or external The hot internal Roots Of Cypresse Enulacampain Calamus aromaticus Rubarb sulpherwort ¶ Sharpdock Roots Leaves Of Wormwood Agrimony Germander field Cypresse Fumitory Hops white Horehound Mints Bettony squinant Rosemary Seeds The four greater hot seeds Flowers Of Rosemary Century the lesse Spikenard Spices Cloves Ginger Nutmegs Fruits Fistick nuts Raisins Waters distilled of the aforesaid-Leaves and flowers Syrups Of Wormwood Agrimony Bettony Byzantinus of Fumitory Mints of the 2. and 5. Roots Condites Acorus Walnuts Nutmegs ¶ Eringo Roots stalks of Burdocks Confections Treacle Methridate Diacrocuma Conserves Of the flowers of Rosemary Sage Wormwood Enulacampain Species and Powders Aromaticum rosatum Diarrhodon abbatis Laetificans Galeni ¶ Dialacca Troschischs Of Wormwood Maudlins Dialacca rubarb External hot things Oyls Of Wormwood Spikenard Mastick Mints Nutmegs by expression ¶ Of Myrrh per deliquium of bitter Almonds Oyntments Dialthea Martiatum and of Mostick Cataplasms of the aforesaid Herbs and Seeds with Wine Cooling Hepatical Medicines All those things that are contained in the Table of the cooling stomachical things may also be reckoned of this number amongst the coolers of the Liver to which adde these following which are lesse agreeable to the stomack but very profitable for the Liver Roots Of Kneeholm Sparagrasse Leaves Of Agrimony Strawberries Ducks meat Grasse Seeds Of winter Cherries Flowers Violets Waters Of Agrimony Syrups Byzantinus of the 2. and 5. opening Roots where there be lasting Obstructions Externall Oyls Of Roses Omphacine or of unripe Olives of water Lillies Oyntments Unguentum Rosatum Refrigerans Galeni Ceratum santalinum Epithemes of the distilled Waters and Spices is most usual Splenetick things by the Latines Splenetica by the Greekes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THese are of the same kind as the hepaticall medicines according to Galen only they are more powerfully attenuating and opening and lesse binding by reason of the grosenesse of the excrements of the spleen They are two fold hot for naturall melancholly and cold for the correcting of burnt choler The Hot. See the Table of the preparers of naturall melancholly to which adde these following Rootes of a both one thing see Seroderus Calamus Aromaticus Birthwort asarum bryony radishes the true a both one thing see Seroderus Acorus * these are two severall plants or * these are two severall plants galangall the greater Ireos squils hops Leaves of betony calamint St. John's wort Germander Rue Pennyroyall Seedes of Madder Ash keyes Fruites Ivv berrynes Spices Saffron Cinamon Minerals Steele prepared ¶ Chymicals Tartar vitriolated creame of Tartar Tartarus
chalibeatus Crocus martis ¶ Liquors Vinegar of squils ¶ spirit of wine tartarisated lye of the ashes of tamariske and broome ¶ Syrups Oxymel simple and of squils ¶ syrup of ammoniack of epithimum ¶ Conserves of the flowres of tamarisk of broom Condites The roots of Acorus condited Species Diacurcuma Dialacca Distilled oyles of Cummin Cinamon Vitriol ¶ of the barkes of citrons of tartar by deliquium The Externall are Oyles of Capers tamarisk wall flowres rue bitter almons Vnguents de Althea ¶ Vng splanchnicum and Vng splanchnicum magistrale oyntment of the juyces commonly called vng è succis Emplasters de mucilaginibus Diachilon cum gummis ¶ de ammoniaco and the compound plaster of Melilot ¶ And other magisteriall oyntments wherin gum ammoniack bdellium and the powders of Ireos Asarabeck and sowbread should be prescribed and divers other formes made for present use of the aforesaid things especially rue cresses nettles mustard centaury the lesse asarum and sowbread Cold splenetick things These are to be sought out of the Table of the attenuaters of choller which also are convenient for burnt choller gathered in the spleen to which add narrow leaved docks and these external topicall things Oyles of violets water lillies Vnguents refrigerans Galeni oyntment of roses cerecloath of saunders sharp vinegar ¶ juyce of hemlock vinegar of hemlock Animadversion Sweet things by themselves are hurtfull to the spleen but added with other things are good conveighers Pythagoras when he was scandald by a certain fellow recited this metaphorically sharp and bitter things help them that are splenetick but sweet things hurt them And this is now become a practicall rule Nephriticall things i. e. Medicines appropriated to the reines or kidneys by the Latines Nephritica id in etiam Greâ—è ut etiam 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 NEphriticall medicines are three fold divided according to the structure office and peculiar affections of the reines to which they are subject 1 Lenifiers the use of which in the scalinesse and roughnesse of the reines as also in the heat and sharpnesse of the Urine 2 Cleansers the use of which is in the obstruction or suppression of the Urine either by the stone mucilaginons matter or sand these are comprehended under the Diureticks 3 Lithontripticks or breakers of the stone the use of which is in crumbling and diminishing the stone that it may the more easily be expelled The cleansers are to be sought in the Table of the Diureticks with which they agree only there they have a more generall use here a particular one wherefore I shall here only recite the lenifiers and the Lithontripticks The Lenifiers Rootes of marsh-mallows liquerish grasse sparagus eringoes Leaves of Plantain common maiden hair Pellitory sorrel lettice mallowes water lillies purslain sowthistle Seedes of marsh-mallowes cotton mallowes flax fenugreek four greater and four lesser cold seeds of plantain fleawort white poppy â—lowers of violets chamomill water lillies red poppyes Fruites Sweet almons jujubes sebestens fistick nuts raysins sweet prunes dry figs apples Gums Tragant of the bitter almon tree cherry tree camphere Animals Butter Milk Whey Juyces of Licorice almon milk barly creame Chymicall things * Sure these are not lenifiers spirit of vitriol sal * Sure these are not lenifiers prunellae Waters of the leaves in the table aforesaid Syrups of violets jujubes water lillies apples of marsh-mallowes by Fernelius ¶ syr de mucilaginibus of water lillies compound Conserves of violets water lillies ¶ mallow flowers ¶ Condited things Lettice stalkes condited the flesh of goards and melons condited Species of diatragacanthum frigidum dia penidiâ—m ¶ pulvis hali troschisch gordonii trosch of saunders trosch of camphere bechicinigri alkekengy Electuaries somewhat purging Diacatholicon Lenitive elect passularum pulp of Cassia altering Electuaries Diaspermaton antidotus analeptica ¶ Oyles of sweet almons camphere ¶ Vnguentum potabile Externall Lenifiers Oyles Violets water lillies ¶ of poplars oyle of wall flowres chamomill â—asmine ¶ Vnguents Oyntment of roses refrigerans Galeni ¶ of orange flowres anodynum dialthea resumptivum ¶ Lython tripticks oâ— breakers of the stone SOme medicines that break the stone doe it by a manifest quality of cutting and cleansing without any extraordinary heat as Galen lib. 5. simpl c. 13. doth affirme for such medicines doe easily passe through narrow exile passages very far and so by insinuating it selfe and peircing all the parts dissolve its continuity but too much beat doth the more concoct and harden the stone that is already gathered together Others doe by their asperity as it were shave and scale the superficies and by that meanes diminish the stone Others are thought to do the same by an occult property to which the Author of that treatise of the knowing and curing the affections of the reines gives little confidence but be they as they will I will here propound the matter of them all that are used by authors in breaking the stone except only those that are to be found among the Diureticks which are to be joyned with these following as the use of them shall require where note that those that are marked with a star are the most excellent Roots of Birthwort a By Pliny's description it is teasels by others it is englished corne marigold or chrysanthemum damasonium elecampain dropwort galingale acorus bastard rubard Ireos lovage saxifrage burnet pyony sea radish brambles nettles squils Leaves of southernwood hares eare the capillary herbs germander field cipres coleworts celtick hard Roman chamomil ground Ivy wild marjerome polly hyssop fluellen oake and willow leaves scordium all seed teasel golden rod dead nettle of Fuchsius for the stone in the bladder Barkes of Acorns the middle bark of hazell Flowres of larkespare Seedes of dill caâ—away cummins silver montan bishops weed macedonian parsly corianders sampier I think he meanes that by tretamarina kneeholm bazill radish St. John's wort ladyes thistle ash nigella cresses burnet lupines broome small burdock Fruites bay berryes peach kernels Ivy berries the spongy dog or wild rose ¶ Juniper berries Spices Ginger lignum aloes red saunders nutmegs mace cloves pâ—â—pe carpobalsamum or balsam berries cubebs spike squinant saffron which also add a gracefull relish to the medicines Gums of cherry-trees plum-trees wallnuts vinces arabick tragant elemi Olibanum bdellium Rosins of the Larch Tree Firre Tree true Turpentine Animals blood of a Goat prepared taken to Ê’ i. in wine hares blood Ashes of earthworms of hedge hogs of an asses liver feathers of wild pigeons of a whole hare burnt with the skin flesh and haire or else the skin of it daubed with its blood burnt reed sparrowes burnt ashes of scorpions cheese logges or wood-lice or monkes pease beetles hares kidnyes powders of a Man's skull of the warts and hoofes of horses of the cocall bones of a hare Ivory pikes jaw craw fish the stoppings of snailes shels in the winter egge shels crabs eyes mouse dung stones voyded by Urine from a man
Cinamon bay and juniper berries eaten every other day before the time of lying in the after-birth of an Ewe dryed and given in powder Juyce of Scordium given to â„¥ ss with Saffron to provoke the birth Minerals Native Borax is excellent to provoke the birth given to ℈ i. in liquor Waters of the aforesaid herbs which are usuall in the shops Briony water compound Syrups of Mugwort horehound Bettony ¶ Of the juyce of St. Johns wort of Mercury of the juyce of Scordium Distilled oyles of Castor Savin Cinamon myrrh ¶ Ambâ—r Mugwort Rue Turpentine Sulphur Troscâ—iscks of Myrrh to Ê’ i. in the forme of pils ¶ Troschischi Hysterici Externall things Oyles of Lillies Chamomill Wall flowres Stones The stone Aetites tyed to the thigh provokes the birth so doth a Loadstone held in the left hand The Gall of an Oxe pulp or powder of a wild Cowcumber and Coloquintis in Pessaries Animals Thee hoofe of an Asse fumed provokes the birth and afterbirth Stoppers of the Courses BEcause these are very near the same with the binders expounded above in the first Book Part. 1. Sect. 3. therefore the matter for such medicines is to be sought in the Table of Astringents or Binders Strengtheners of the Wombe Rootes of Snakeweed Calamus Aromaticus Costus Cyperus Galingall Leaves of Bettony Marjerome Sage which two are eminent Rosemary Baume Nigella Flowres of Marjerome Rosemary Sage Fruites Juniper Berries Bay Berries Animal excrements Musk Civet Ivory Sea things Amber Corall Ambergreece Mother of pearle Rosins Storax Benzoin Frankincense Mastick Spices Nutmegs Cloves Mace Spikenard lignum Aloes Waters of Bettony Marjerom Baume Sage Syrups of Bettony Baulme Oyles of Amber Cloves Mace Nutmeg Condites Acorus condited Walnuts and Nutmegs preserved Myrobalans and Satirion roots condited Opiates Triphera magna both with and without Opium Treacle Methridate ¶ Diascordium Alchermes Diacinnomomum Tripheia masor Species Aromaticum rosatum Diambra Diamoscum ¶ Species diacurcuma Dialacca Diagalanga Diacalaminth Dianisum Externall things Oyles of Nutmeg by expression of Nard of myrtles ¶ Oyle of Costus Mints Mastick Quinces Castor of St. Johns wort Moschaeleum Oyntments Vnguentum comitissae Martiatum Mastichinum Sumach Plasters Promatrice ad herniam of mastick ¶ Cerecloath of Galbanum Emplast Caesaris de crusta panis Diaphaenicum utrumque Metropropiolicon ¶ Note that to the best of these some adde the more strengthening provokers of the courses THE SECOND BOOK THE FOVRTH SECTION Of the Remedies of the LIMBS Arthriticall things or things appropriated to the joynts Latine and Greeke called Arthritica THey are called Arthriticall medicines which are destined to the strengthning of the sinewey and membranous parts of which the joynts are composed The Vse of which is both to prevent and cure the severall sorts of the Gout They are twofold Internall and Externall the matter of the internall things is the same with the cephalicall things whether you understand this of the hot cephalicks in a cold defluxion or of the cold ones where it proceeds from a hot cause for there is the same reason for the sinews as for the head but particularly these following are appropriated to the joynts Externall or topicall medicines for the joynts are usefull either in the beginning of the Gout as to mitigate both the heat and pain or else in the end to dissipate the reliques of the impacted matter least it turn to a stony indissoluble hardnesse The matter of each particular is this The chief Arthritical internal Medicines Roots Of Achorus Elecampain Ireos Cinquefoil Leaves Of Mullen Cowslips field Cypresse Calamint Gentory the lesse St Johns wort Bettony Sage Woods Sassaphras which is excellent Flowers Of red Roses ¶ Sage Rosemary Stechados Animals Castor ashes of Harts horn a Man's skull Sea things red Coral burnt Spices Indian Spikenard Rosins Of all sorts especially Turpentine Juices Opopanax Conserves Of field Cypresse in a cold Cause of red Roses in a hot Cause External things mitigating the heat pain Leaves Of Nightshade Plantain marsh Mallows Henbane both sorts of Housleek Mallows Pellitory Danewort Elder Ducks meat Flowers Of Roses Juices Vinegar Phlegma or insipid water of Vïtriol whites of Eggs Vinegar with water Sal Prunellae dissolved in red Poppy water Gums Camphier Mucilages Of the seed of Fleawort and Quinces ¶ of marsh Mallow roots Pulp of Cassia Waters Of Roses Nightshade Plantain red Poppy Oyls Of Violets water Lillies Roses Oyl of Man's blood called the Elixar of Man Oyntments Unguent of Roses Populeon External things dissipating the relicts of the Humours and pain Roots Of Elecampain Sowbread Briony Coloquintis Leaves Of Mullen Cowslips field Cypresse Calamint Cresses Centory the lesse Nepe Pennyroial Danewort St Johns wort Rosins Mastick Bdellium Turpentine * Rather Roots Fruits Hermodactils Thickned Juices Ammoniack Opopanax Fuphorbium Animals Castor Fat 's Of a Cat Badger Fox Bear Serpent Oyntments Martiatum Dialthea Oyls Of Tiles Castor Turpentine St Johns wort Hony Wax Ireos Foxes Euphorbium which is to be used warily and of Elder Plaisters Of Frogs of Vigo of the Mucilages Mellilote Oxicrocum To these are numbred those which strengthen the Sinews called by the Latines Nervos Roborantia by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Roots Of Acorns Eringo Masterwort Sulpherwort or Hogs Fennel Rhaphontick Costus Woods Sassaphras Misle of the Oak Leaves Of field Cypresse Hysop Lavender Marjoram Cowslips Rosemary Sage the three sorts of Spike viz. Indian nard Celtick and Italian wilde Time Goats marjoram Fruits Anacardines Pine nuts Berries Of Juniper Kermes ¶ Bayes Spices Cinamon all the Peppers Ginger Mace Nutmegs Cloves Cardamomes Rosins and Gums Myrrh Venice Turpentine with the Powder of field Cypresse Opopanax Sagapene Animals The Brain of a Hare roasted Castor given to ℈ i. in Pils Conserves Of Rosemary Cowslips Sage Eringo Bettony Confections Treacle Methridate Confectio Anacardina ¶ Diacorum Powders Diagalanga Pleresarconticon ¶ Dianthos Diamoscum dulce Pulvis Antilyssus Waters Of Lavender Sage Marjoram Treacle water ¶ Sp. of Lavender compound of Matthias Piony water compound Aqua Imperialis Spirit of Castor Syrups Of Bettony compound of Chamepitis or field Cypresse of Staechados External strengthners of the Sinews Fat 's Of Vipers Foxes Stags Men. Oyls Of Tiles Wax Camomile St Johns wort earth Worms Nutmeg by expression Turpentine Foxes Vipers Costus oyl of Peeter Dill Ricininum of Rue ¶ Of Mace by expression oyl of Amber chymical Baths Those which are sulpherous nitrose bituminous aluminous and let the drippings of these fall on the beginning of the Back bone also the mud or slime extracted from them may be applied profitably to the part affected Grease Of a Goose that drips from it whilest it is roasted being filled with Frankincense Myrrh Bdellium Mummy c. Aqua vitae poured on the part helps much Fomentations and Bathings Of Mugwort Fleabane Calamint Rue Camomile Sage Dill field Cypres wild Marjoram St Johns wort salt Peeter common Salt Cataplasms Of the same Cold strengthners of the Sinews They are the same with the