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water_n keep_v year_n young_a 98 3 5.8671 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A03069 Foure bookes of husbandry, collected by M. Conradus Heresbachius, counseller to the hygh and mighty prince, the Duke of Cleue: conteyning the whole arte and trade of husbandry, vvith the antiquitie, and commendation thereof. Nevvely Englished, and increased, by Barnabe Googe, Esquire; Rei rusticae libri quatuor. English Heresbach, Conrad, 1496-1576.; Googe, Barnabe, 1540-1594. 1577 (1577) STC 13196; ESTC S103974 336,239 412

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abroad_o lay_v may_v have_v some_o help_n of_o it_o and_o the_o dung_n must_v not_o touch_v the_o root_n for_o break_v of_o they_o if_o there_o be_v no_o dung_n at_o hand_n the_o stalk_n of_o bean_n and_o other_o pulse_n will_v well_o serve_v the_o turn_n which_o both_o defend_v the_o vine_n from_o frost_n and_o cold_a and_o keep_v they_o likewise_o from_o noisome_a worm_n the_o kernel_n and_o the_o stalk_n of_o the_o grape_n do_v likewise_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o dung_n dung_n but_o the_o best_a of_o all_o be_v old_a stale_a urine_n the_o plant_n of_o a_o year_n or_o two_o year_n old_a and_o so_o forth_o till_o five_o year_n must_v be_v discreet_o dig_v and_o dounge_v accord_v to_o their_o state_n in_o sandy_a ground_n the_o best_a dung_n be_v of_o sheep_n and_o goat_n and_o in_o such_o sort_n you_o must_v dig_v the_o ground_n that_o the_o earth_n that_o lie_v high_a be_v cast_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o that_o which_o be_v at_o the_o bottom_n ground_n be_v lay_v aloft_o so_o 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your_o hive_n if_o the_o swarm_n be_v in_o some_o hole_n above_o in_o the_o branch_n you_o may_v see_v of_o the_o branch_n handsome_o and_o cover_v it_o with_o a_o white_a cloth_n place_v it_o amongst_o your_o hive_n if_o they_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n then_o may_v you_o soft_o see_v of_o the_o tree_n above_o the_o bee_n and_o afterward_o close_o underneath_o they_o and_o be_v cover_v as_o before_o carry_v they_o home_o stop_v well_o the_o chink_n and_o rift_n if_o there_o be_v any_o he_o that_o seek_v the_o bee_n must_v begin_v in_o the_o morning_n that_o he_o may_v have_v the_o hole_n day_n before_o he_o to_o mark_v their_o labour_a thus_o far_o of_o the_o kind_n of_o bee_n and_o get_v to_o they_o now_o will_v i_o show_v you_o of_o the_o place_n of_o they_o bee_n order_v and_o keep_v of_o they_o the_o place_n for_o your_o bee_n and_o your_o hive_n must_v be_v so_o choose_v as_o they_o may_v stand_v quiet_o and_o secret_a stand_v special_o in_o such_o place_n as_o 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the_o stork_n spydar_n harnette_n butterfly_n serpent_n and_o moth_n dryve_a from_o thy_o hive_n the_o hurtful_a lysart_n green_a keep_v throstells_n hen_n and_o other_o bird_n untrewe●_n and_o progne_n on_o who_o breast_n as_o yet_o be_v see_v the_o bloody_a mark_n of_o hand_n that_o i_o it_o be_v slay_v all_o these_o destroy_v thy_o bee_n and_o to_o their_o nest_n do_v bear_v such_o as_o they_o take_v in_o flight_n to_o make_v their_o young_a once_o cheer_v of_o such_o thing_n as_o hurt_v your_o bee_n i_o will_v hereafter_o speak_v more_o where_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o of_o their_o disease_n and_o harm_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n i_o will_v go_v forward_o with_o the_o place_n of_o they_o the_o place_n where_o they_o shall_v stand_v will_v rather_o be_v in_o the_o valley_n hill_n than_o very_o high_a but_o so_o as_o the_o rebound_n of_o no_o echo_n do_v hurt_v they_o which_o sound_n be_v very_o noisome_a unto_o they_o so_o shall_v they_o flee_v with_o more_o case_n and_o speed_n to_o the_o high_a place_n and_o come_v lade_v down_o again_o with_o less_o travail_n if_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o house_n will_v so_o suffer_v it_o be_v good_a to_o have_v your_o bee_n stand_v near_o your_o house_n and_o to_o be_v enclose_v with_o a_o hedge_n or_o a_o pale_a but_o on_o such_o side_n as_o they_o be_v not_o annoy_v with_o the_o send_v of_o sink_v privy_a or_o dounghill_n the_o best_a stand_v be_v within_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o master_n by_o who_o presence_n they_o be_v safe_a keep_v for_o their_o better_a safety_n if_o you_o fear_v they_o you_o may_v set_v they_o a_o yard_n or_o more_o from_o the_o ground_n enclose_v they_o with_o little_a grate_n leave_v open_a against_o every_o hive_n or_o so_o lettyse_v with_o stone_n as_o the_o bee_n may_v easy_o come_v out_o and_o in_o and_o escape_v both_o bird_n and_o water_n or_o if_o you_o listen_v you_o may_v make_v a_o little_a house_n by_o for_o the_o keeper_n wherein_o you_o may_v lay_v your_o hive_n for_o your_o swarm_n and_o 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pass_v through_o the_o mead_n be_v sweet_o see_v and_o straightways_o after_o if_o either_o stand_v pool_n be_v neither_o to_o they_o nigh_o or_o ●●rning_v stream_n with_o hasly_a course_n their_o dwelling_n pass_v by_o cast_v ●ow●●_n of_o willow_n cross_n and_o mighty_a stone_n withal_o that_o may_v preserve_v the_o faint_a bee_n that_o in_o the_o flood_n do_v fall_v round_o about_o the_o beeyard_n and_o near_o to_o the_o hive_n set_v herb_n plant_n and_o flower_n both_o for_o their_o health_n and_o profit_n special_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o sweet_a and_o delicate_a savour_n in_o as_o cithysus_n
take_v it_o for_o a_o kind_n of_o wheat_n herodotus_n say_v bread_n be_v make_v of_o it_o of_o laurentius_n it_o be_v call_v far_o of_o gasa_n siligo_fw-la diverse_a learned_a man_n call_v it_o secale_n and_o take_v it_o for_o pliny_n farrago●_n the_o frenchman_n call_v it_o segle_v the_o dutcheman_n rock_n the_o italian_n almost_o as_o the_o latin_n saegala_n the_o grain_n be_v something_o black_a and_o make_v blackish_a bread_n but_o to_o pass_v over_o all_o controversy_n i_o follow_v the_o country_n speech_n and_o take_v siligo_fw-la for_o our_o common_a rye_n which_o be_v sow_v immediate_o after_o wheat_n about_o the_o end_n of_o september_n or_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o october_n in_o good_a ground_n in_o sandy_a and_o grave_o ground_n it_o be_v sow_v in_o february_n and_o call_v summer_n wheat_n it_o require_v the_o best_a ground_n warm_a and_o fast_o and_o refuse_v not_o light_a ground_n and_o grave_o so_o it_o be_v help_v with_o dung_n it_o love_v wet_a ground_n as_o ill_o as_o 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sow_v in_o winter_n a_o other_o for_o summer_n the_o winter_n barley_n be_v of_o better_a yield_v but_o it_o be_v soon_o hurt_v special_o with_o much_o wet_a and_o frost_n follow_v there_o be_v nothing_o more_o hurtful_a to_o winter_n corn_n special_o barley_n rape_n seed_n and_o rye_n than_o the_o wet_a of_o winter_n nip_v with_o often_o frost_n and_o after_o a_o warm_a thaw_n to_o be_v present_o freeze_v again_o both_o the_o sort_n of_o barley_n require_v ground_n that_o be_v very_o rich_fw-fr winter_n barley_n after_o two_o or_o three_o plowinge_n be_v to_o be_v sow_v in_o september_n summer_n barley_n in_o march_n or_o april_n after_o twice_o plough_v and_o many_o time_n necessity_n force_v after_o once_o plough_v in_o the_o sow_v you_o must_v occupy_v more_o seed_n by_o half_a then_o in_o sow_v of_o wheat_n it_o require_v a_o mellow_a and_o a_o fat_a ground_n and_o therefore_o be_v best_a sow_v where_o the_o ground_n be_v most_o manure_v the_o winter_n seed_n flower_v in_o may_n and_o be_v ripe_a in_o june_n at_o the_o further_a this_o kind_n be_v not_o wont_v to_o be_v sow_v in_o these_o part_n but_o great_a number_n now_o move_v by_o my_o example_n do_v use_n and_o receive_v great_a gain_n by_o it_o the_o summer_n barley_n in_o many_o country_n be_v ripe_a and_o ready_a in_o three_o month_n af●er_v the_o sow_v in_o arragon_n as_o pliny_n write_v it_o make_v double_a harvest_n every_o year_n the_o seven_o day_n after_o it_o be_v sow_v it_o come_v up_o and_o one_o end_n of_o the_o seed_n run_v down_o in_o root_n the_o other_o that_o ●ooner_o spring_v come_v up_o in_o blade_n the_o great_a end_n of_o the_o grain_n make_v the_o root_n and_o the_o slendere_a the_o flower_n in_o other_o grain_n the_o root_n and_o the_o blade_n spring_v both_o from_o one_o part_n the_o blade_n of_o both_o kind_n be_v ruff_n it_o must_v be_v gather_v with_o more_o speed_n than_o other_o grain_n for_o the_o straw_n of_o it_o be_v very_o brittle_a of_o barley_n be_v make_v as_o dioscorides_n write_v both_o beer_n and_o ale._n rigo_n i_o like_v your_o beer_n you_o have_v excellent_o well_o i_o pray_v you_o tell_v i_o in_o what_o sor●_n you_o make_v it_o cono_n i_o will_v not_o hide_v my_o cunning_n in_o this_o matter_n my_o barley_n be_v first_o steep_v in_o a_o sestorne_n of_o water_n a_o day_n or_o two_o if_o it_o be_v winter_n seed_v it_o be_v hard_a hull_v and_o require_v the_o long_o water_v the_o summer_n grain_n be_v thin_a and_o require_v a_o lesser_a time_n when_o it_o be_v water_v i_o dry_v it_o upon_o a_o floor_n or_o a_o keel_n till_o it_o swell_v and_o break_v put_v out_o as_o it_o be_v little_a beard_n or_o thread_n if_o it_o be_v lay_v thin_a it_o will_v in_o summer_n special_o in_o march_n dry_a and_o break_v of_o itself_o without_o any_o fire_n you_o must_v take_v good_a heed_n that_o in_o sprout_v it_o open_v not_o to_o much_o and_o loose_v his_o flower_n this_o be_v do_v i_o grind_v it_o and_o put_v the_o meal_n into_o a_o mash_n fat_a whereunto_o i_o put_v my_o liquor_n sodden_a and_o after_o let_v it_o seethe_v three_o or_o four_o time_n add_v unto_o it_o both_o for_o holsomenesse_n and_o taste_n the_o flower_n of_o the_o hoppe_n after_o this_o i_o put_v on_o yeest_n and_o set_v it_o a_o work_n and_o then_o cleanse_v it_o the_o more_o it_o be_v cleanse_v the_o wholesome_a and_o clear_a it_o be_v that_o which_o come_v of_o the_o spurge_a be_v keep_v both_o for_o brew_v and_o bake_v the_o drink_n will_v be_v the_o better_a if_o you_o put_v to_o it_o a_o four_o part_n or_o six_o part_n of_o wheat_n the_o more_o corn_n you_o la●_n on_o the_o pleasant_n and_o better_a colour_a will_n your_o beer_n be_v your_o great_a care_n must_v be_v to_o see_v it_o well_o sodden_a well_o cleanse●_n and_o well_o hop_v otherwise_o malt_n of_o itself_o will_v soon_o corrupt_v observe_v this_o order_n your_o drink_n shall_v be_v both_o wholesome_a and_o pleasant_a that_o endure_v best_a and_o long_a that_o be_v brew_v in_o march_n there_o be_v make_v of_o barley_n alica_n a_o reasonable_a good_a meat_n and_o ptisan_n how_o they_o must_v be_v make_v you_o may_v read_v in_o pliny_n next_o to_o wheat_n and_o barley_n follow_v zea_n which_o the_o common_a people_n both_o in_o italy_n zea._n spain_n and_o flaunders_n call_v spelta_n the_o french_a call_v it_o espeltra_fw-la with_o homer_n be_v great_o commend_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o feel_v des_fw-fr that_o bear_v the_o zeam_n be_v as_o galen_n say_v the_o mean_a betwixt_o wheat_n and_o barley_n for_o he_o have_v the_o quality_n of_o each_o of_o they_o &_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n the_o one_o in_o stalk_n joint_n and_o care_n like_v to_o wheat_n and_o carry_v in_o every_o husk_n two_o seed_n and_o therefore_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o other_o have_v both_o stalk_n and_o ear_n short_a and_o but_o one_o grain_n in_o every_o husk_n grow_v in_o two_o rank_n and_o in_o the_o top_n resemble_v barley_n with_o his_o sharp_a air_n in_o italy_n special_o about_o mirandula_n and_o concordia_n it_o be_v use_v in_o provender_n for_o horse_n it_o be_v not_o in_o these_o country_n in_o use_n i_o will_v sow_v it_o here_o sith_o the_o ground_n will_v well_o serve_v for_o it_o and_o that_o both_o bread_n and_o drink_n may_v be_v make_v of_o it_o very_o well_o but_o that_o it_o be_v something_o troublesome_a to_o grind_v because_o of_o the_o double_a husk_n it_o desire_v a_o moist_a ground_n rich_fw-fr and_o good_a it_o be_v sow_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o wheat_n be_v sow_v in_o september_n or_o october_n it_o flower_v in_o june_n and_o be_v ripe_a in_o july_n very_o meet_v for_o
may_v spring_v the_o soon_o it_o flower_v in_o june_n and_o july_n and_o then_o fall_v to_o seed_n it_o flower_v a_o very_a long_a while_n and_o be_v gather_v the_o four_o day_n be_v ripe_a in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n when_o it_o be_v in_o flower_n of_o all_o other_o pulse_n it_o receive_v harm_n by_o rain_n when_o it_o be_v ripe_v it_o must_v be_v gather_v out_o of_o hand_n for_o it_o scatter_v very_o soon_o and_o lie_v hide_v when_o it_o be_v fall_v in_o the_o chych_a there_o never_o breed_v any_o worm_n contrary_a to_o all_o pulse_n else_o and_o because_o it_o drive_v away_o caterpillar_n it_o be_v count_v good_a to_o be_v set_v in_o garden_n cicercula_n in_o latin_a cic●rcula_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o italian_a cicerse_n in_o spanish_a cizerche_n it_o differ_v from_o the_o chych_a only_o in_o that_o it_o be_v somewhat_o black_a which_o pliny_n account_v to_o have_v uneven_n corner_n as_o pease_n have_v and_o in_o many_o place_n about_o we_o they_o use_v they_o in_o steed_n of_o pease_n esteem_v they_o far_o above_o peason_n for_o they_o both_o yield_v more_o flower_n than_o pease_n &_o be_v light_a of_o digestion_n and_o not_o so_o subject_a to_o worm_n columella_n count_n it_o rather_o in_o the_o ●umber_n of_o fodder_n for_o cattle_n then_o of_o pass_n for_o man_n in_o which_o number_n be_v these_o that_o follow_v and_o ●ir●t_o vici●_n in_o latin_a cattle_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o dutch_a wycken_n in_o french_a vessae_fw-la so_o call_v as_o varro_n think_v of_o wind_v because_o it_o have_v 〈◊〉_d or_o clasp_n as_o the_o vine_n have_v whereby_o it_o climb_v upon_o such_o stalk_n as_o grow_v next_o it_o it_o grow_v half_o a_o y●rde_n high_a le●●●ed_v like_o tyutare_fw-la slue_v that_o they_o be_v something_o narrow_a the_o 〈◊〉_d like_o the_o clowre_n of_o pease_n have_v little_a bl●cke_a seed_n in_o 〈◊〉_d nor_o altogether_o ounde_n but_o bro●e_v like_o the_o lintel_n it_o require_v above_o ground_n though_o it_o w●l_v also_o grow_v well_o enough_o in_o shadowye_a place_n or_o ●any_n ground_n with_o small_a labour_n be_v not_o trouble_v come_v to_o the_o 〈…〉_o it_o require_v but_o once_o plough_v and_o s●●keth_v for_o 〈…〉_o ●or_a doung●ng_n but_o ●nricheth_v the_o land_n of_o it_o se●●e_v special_o if_o ●he_z ground_n be_v plough_v when_o the_o crop_n be_v of_o so_o that_o the_o stalk_n may_v be_v turn_v in_o for_o otherwise_o the_o root_n and_o stalk_n remain_v do_v suck_v out_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n yet_o cato_n will_v have_v it_o sow_v in_o grassy_a ground_n not_o watrishe_v and_o in_o new_a break_v up_o ground_n after_o the_o draw_v be_v go_v &_o the_o moisture_n dry_v up_o with_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o wind_n you_o must_v beware_v that_o you_o sow_v no_o more_o than_o you_o m●y_v well_o cover_v the_o same_o day_n for_o the_o ●east_n dew_n in_o the_o world_n do_v spoil_v it_o neither_o must_v you_o sow_v they_o before_o the_o moon_n be_v 24._o day_n old_a otherwise_o the_o snail_n will_v devour_v it_o his_o time_n of_o sow_v be_v as_o pliny_n write_v at_o the_o set_n of_o the_o star_n call_v the_o berward_o that_o it_o may_v serve_v to_o feed_v in_o december_n the_o seco●d_n sow_v be_v in_o januarie_n the_o last_o in_o march._n in_o germany_n they_o use_v to_o sow_v they_o in_o march_n or_o april_n chief_o for_o fodder_n for_o the●r_a cattle_n to_o sow_v tare_n and_o as_o pliny_n say_v beanes_n in_o not_o break_v up_o ground_n without_o l●sse_n be_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o husbandry_n they_o flower_n in_o june_n at_o which_o time_n they_o be_v very_o good_a of_o scour_v horse_n it_o be_v good_a to_o ●aye_v they_o up_o in_o the_o cod_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o to_o serve_v cattle_n withal_o tare_n &_o oat_n make_v a_o good_a meslyne_v sow_v together_o lupinus_n in_o latin_a lupin_n in_o greek_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o italian_a and_o french_a almost_o as_o in_o latin_a in_o spanish_a altramuz_n in_o dutch_a roomsche_n booven_n be_v a_o pulse_n have_v one_o only_a stalk_n the_o leaf_n tag_v in_o five_o division_n like_o a_o star_n the_o flower_n white_a the_o cod_n tag_v &_o indent_v about_o have_v within_o they_o ●ive_a or_o six_o seed_n hard_a broad_a &_o red_a the_o leave_v thereof_o do_v fall_v this_o pulse_n require_v least_o trouble_v and_o be_v of_o small_a p●ice_n and_o yet_o most_o help_v the_o ground_n of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v sow_v for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o better_o manure_v for_o barren_a vineyard_n and_o corn_n ●eeldes_v then_o this_o which_o either_o upon_o barren_a ground_n prosper_v or_o keep_v in_o the_o garner_n endure_v a_o wonderful_a w●yle_n be_v sodden_a and_o lay_v in_o water_n it_o feed_v ox_n in_o winter_n very_o well_o and_o in_o time_n of_o dearth_n as_o columella_n say_v serve_v man_n to_o assuage_v their_o hunger_n it_o prosper_v in_o sandy_a and_o grave_o ground_n in_o the_o worst_a land_n that_o may_v be_v neither_o love_v i●_z to_o have_v any_o labour_n bestow_v upon_o it_o nor_o weigh_v the_o goodness_n of_o the_o ground_n so_o fruitful_a it_o be_v as_o if_o it_o be_v cast_v among_o bush_n and_o br●er_n yet_o will_v it_o root_v and_o prosper_v it_o refuse_v both_o harrow_n and_o rake_v &_o be_v not_o annoy_v with_o weed_n but_o kill_v the_o weed_n about_o it_o if_o dung_n be_v want_v to_o mend_v the_o ground_n withal_o this_o serve_v the_o turn_n above_o all_o other_o for_o be_v sow_v and_o turn_v in_o with_o the_o plough_n it_o serve_v the_o turn_n in_o steed_n of_o doung_v it_o be_v sow_v timely_a of_o all_o other_o and_o reap_v last_o it_o be_v sow_v before_o all_o other_o pulse_n a_o little_a after_o harvest_n cover_v it_o how_o slender_o you_o will_v it_o care_v not_o a_o excellent_a good_a seed_n for_o a_o evil_n husband_n yet_o desire_v it_o the_o warmth_n of_o autumn_n that_o it_o may_v be_v well_o root_v before_o winter_n come_v for_o otherwise_o the_o cold_a be_v hurtful_a unto_o it_o it_o flower_v thrice_o first_o in_o may_n then_o again_o in_o june_n and_o last_o in_o july_n after_o every_o flower_a it_o bear_v his_o cod_n before_o it_o flower_v they_o u●e_v to_o put_v in_o cattle_n for_o where_o as_o they_o will_v feed_v upon_o all_o other_o grass_n or_o weed_n only_o this_o for_o the_o bitterness_n thereof_o while_o it_o be_v green_a they_o leave_v untouched_a be_v dry_v it_o serve_v for_o sustenance_n both_o of_o man_n and_o beast_n to_o cattle_n it_o be_v give_v meddle_v with_o chaff_n and_o for_o bread_n for_o man_n use_n it_o be_v mingle_v with_o wheat_n flower_n or_o barley_n flower_n it_o be_v good_a to_o keep_v it_o in_o a_o smoky_a loaft_n for_o if_o it_o lie_v moist_a it_o be_v eat_v of_o l●ttle_a worm_n and_o spoil_v the_o leaf_n keep_v course_n and_o turn_v with_o the_o sun_n whereby_o it_o show_v to_o the_o husband_n even_o in_o cloudy_a weather_n what_o time_n of_o the_o day_n it_o be_v fenú_fw-it grecum_fw-la in_o latin_a fenugreeke_n in_o greek_a with_o theophrastus_n and_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d with_o dioscorides_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o other_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o french_a fenegres_n and_o fenigrent_a in_o italian_a faenigraeco_n in_o spanish_a al●oluas_n in_o dutch_a sometime_o by_o the_o latin_a name_n and_o common_o roherne_a and_o lockshorne_n come_v up_o with_o a_o small_a stalk_n the_o lief_a like_o a_o threeleaved_a grass_n it_o be_v sow_v well_o in_o a_o slender_a barren_a ground_n you_o must_v take_v heed_n you_o plow_v it_o thick_a and_o not_o very_o deep_a for_o if_o the_o seed_n be_v cover_v above_o four_o finger_n thick_a it_o will_v very_o hardly_o grow_v therefore_o the_o ground_n must_v be_v tile_v with_o small_a plough_n and_o the_o seed_n present_o cover_v with_o rake_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o it_o the_o one_o call_v of_o the_o common_a people_n siliqua_fw-la or_o code_z which_o they_o sow_v for_o fodder_n in_o sep●ember_n the_o other_o in_o januarie_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o february_n when_o they_o sow_v it_o for_o seed_n it_o flower_v in_o june_n and_o july_n when_o also_o it_o bear_v his_o cod_n but_o the_o seed_n be_v not_o ripe_a t●ll_n august_n it_o be_v dress_v to_o be_v eat_v after_o the_o order_n of_o lupin_n with_o vinegar_n water_n and_o salt_n some_o put_v to_o a_o little_a oil_n it_o be_v use_v both_o for_o fodder_n and_o diverse_a other_o use_n furthermore_o of_o pulse_n call_v of_o gelliu●_n le●ament●_n we_o have_v these_o general_a rule_n that_o they_o all_o bear_v cod_n and_o have_v single_a root_n every_o one_o except_o the_o bean_n the_o chich_n grow_v deep_a the_o stalk_n of_o the_o bean●_n
two_o harvest_n next_o unto_o rape_n harvest_n in_o these_o country_n follow_v the_o harvest_n of_o winter_n barley_n barley_n which_o be_v to_o be_v dispatch_v before_o the_o seed_n the_o ear_n be_v over_o dry_v do_v fall_v for_o they_o have_v not_o husk_n to_o contain_v they_o as_o wheat_n have_v &_o the_o ear_n be_v brittle_v will_v soon_o fall_v yet_o some_o think_v it_o best_o to_o let_v the_o barley_n lie_v a_o while_n in_o the_o field_n whereby_o they_o think_v the_o grain_n will_v wax_v the_o great_a then_o follow_v the_o hemp_n harvest_n but_o first_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o fymble_a or_o the_o female_a h●ru●●t_fw-la be_v pull_v and_o be_v dry_v a_o while_n in_o the_o sun_n than_o bind_v up_o in_o bundle_n it_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o water_n and_o keep_v down_o with_o some_o weight_n that_o it_o swim_v not_o above_o after_o likewise_o the_o male_a the_o ●eede_n declare_v his_o ripeness_n be_v pull_v up_o and_o the_o seed_n be_v threassh_v out_o it_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o water_n till_o the_o stalk_n be_v soft_a after_o be_v dry_v in_o the_o sun_n it_o be_v make_v up_o in_o bundle_n to_o be_v knock_v and_o shall_v in_o winter_n evenynge_v rye_n be_v to_o be_v mow_v in_o june_n or_o july_n and_o after_o that_o wheat_n harvest_n no_o better_o rule_v then_o before_o the_o grain_n be_v hard_a and_o when_o it_o have_v change_v colour_n a_o old_a proverb_n as_o pliny_n say_v it_o be_v better_a to_o have_v in_o harvest_n two_o day_n to_o soon_o the●_z three_o day_n to_o late_a in_o rye_n there_o be_v not_o such_o sear_n in_o scatter_v as_o in_o wheat_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v ripe_a will_v shed_v with_o every_o wound_n wherefore_o good_a heed_n must_v be_v take_v that_o you_o linger_v not_o with_o wheat_n after_o it_o be_v ripe_a although_o pliny_n affirm_v that_o wheat_n will_v have_v great_a yield_v when_o it_o stand_v long_o but_o sure_o defer_v of_o it_o be_v dangerous_a as_o well_o for_o the_o devour_n of_o bird_n and_o uermine_v as_o 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they_o and_o sow_v they_o so_o shall_v you_o have_v they_o very_o pleasant_a they_o will_v have_v a_o very_a sweet_a savour_n if_o their_o seed_n be_v keep_v many_o day_n among_o rose_n leave_v your_o coucumber_n shall_v be_v long_a and_o tender_a if_o you_o see_v under_o they_o water_n in_o a_o broad_a vessel_n two_o handful_n under_o they_o they_o delight_v in_o water_n so_o much_o as_o if_o they_o be_v cut_v of_o they_o will_v yet_o bend_v toward_o it_o and_o if_o they_o hang_v or_o have_v any_o stay_n they_o will_v grow_v crooked_a as_o also_o if_o you_o set_v oil_n by_o they_o which_o they_o great_o abhor_v the_o flower_n be_v suffer_v to_o grow_v in_o pipe_n do_v grow_v to_o a_o wonderful_a length_n they_o love_v not_o the_o winter_n no_o more_o than_o do_v the_o gourd_n whereunto_o they_o be_v almost_o like_a in_o nature_n for_o the_o flower_n the_o leaf_n and_o the_o clasper_v be_v like_a of_o they_o both_o but_o the_o gourd_n be_v more_o busy_a in_o climb_v gourd_n so_o that_o 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sophoclus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o thistell_n be_v the_o hartichoch_n that_o every_o where_o do_v grow_v it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o thistel_n by_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o gardner_n bring_v to_o be_v a_o good_a garden_n herb_n and_o in_o great_a estimation_n at_o noble_a man_n table_n it_o be_v as_o you_o see_v frame_v with_o a_o round_a prickly_a head_n have_v a_o great_a sort_n of_o flake_n set_v in_o order_n steeple_n wise_n the_o greek_n call_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o latin_n strobilum_fw-la because_o the_o fruit_n of_o it_o something_o resemble_v the_o pineapple_n the_o frenchman_n call_v it_o alticocalum_fw-la of_o the_o arabic_a article_n albina_n and_o cocalos_n a_o pineapple_n whereof_o it_o be_v corrupt_o call_v artichault_n in_o italian_a and_o spanish_a cardo_n in_o dutch_a sometime_o by_o the_o french_a name_n sometime_o strobirn_n it_o be_v call_v of_o columella_n cinara_n because_o in_o his_o grow_n he_o chief_o delight_v in_o ash_n the_o seed_n be_v best_a sow_v in_o march_n and_o the_o set_v in_o november_n if_o you_o will_v have_v it_o yield_v fruit_n in_o the_o spring_n you_o must_v bestow_v much_o ash_n upon_o it_o it_o will_v hardly_o bear_v the_o first_o year_n that_o it_o be_v sow_v beware_v that_o you_o set_v not_o the_o seed_n with_o the_o ring_v end_n upward_o for_o so_o shall_v your_o artichoch_n prove_v very_o little_a and_o evil_a favour_v it_o love_v good_a ground_n and_o well_o dounge_v and_o prosper_v best_a in_o fat_a ground_n palladius_n will_v have_v you_o moreover_o to_o set_v the_o seed_n in_o well_o order_v bed_n in_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o moon_n half_o a_o foot_n a_o sunder_o and_o not_o deep_a but_o take_v they_o in_o three_o of_o your_o finger_n thrust_v they_o down_o till_o the_o earth_n come_v to_o the_o first_o joint_n of_o your_o finger_n then_o cover_v they_o tender_o and_o water_v they_o often_o special_o towards_o summer_n so_o shall_v you_o 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italian_a and_o french_a so_o in_o spanish_a aczafran_n thra_n what_o need_v we_o care_v any_o more_o for_o either_o corycum_n sicil_n or_o cyren_n from_o whence_o we_o fetch_v it_o with_o so_o great_a charge_n marius_n yea_o there_o grow_v great_a plenty_n of_o it_o in_o germany_n about_o spir_n and_o diverse_a other_o place_n which_o may_v compare_v in_o goodness_n with_o any_o other_o place_n it_o be_v set_v in_o march_n of_o the_o head_n that_o it_o have_v round_o and_o in_o clove_n as_o the_o lyllie_n the_o leek_n and_o the_o sea_n onion_n constantine_n affirm_v that_o it_o may_v be_v set_v of_o the_o root_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o flower_n be_v
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well_o grow_v of_o the_o seed_n though_o it_o be_v long_a ear_n they_o spring_v &_o therefore_o they_o set_v they_o of_o set_v a_o foot_n in_o length_n i●_z neither_o delight_v in_o rich_fw-fr or_o moist_a ground_n b●t_o be_v well_o content_v to_o grow_v amongst_o rubbish_n and_o under_o wall_n the_o place_n where_o they_o must_v grow●_n must_v be_v dig_v deep_a than_o come_v ground_n and_o not_o so_o deep_a as_o the_o vineyard_n the_o rose_n be_v rather_o a_o thorn_n then_o a_o plant_n and_o grow_v upon_o the_o very_a bramble_n it_o come_v first_o out_o in_o a_o little_a bud_n &_o long_o sharp_a beard_n which_o after_o they_o be_v open_v it_o disclose_v itself_o and_o spread_v abroad_o with_o a_o yellow_a hairy_a tusk_n in_o the_o midst_n pliny_n make_v mention_n of_o sundry_a sort_n of_o they_o one_o sort_n he_o call_v milesia_n have_v a_o orient_n and_o fiery_a colour_n a_o other_o alabandica_fw-la with_o white_a leaf_n and_o s●erm●nia_n the_o base_a sort_n of_o all_o the_o 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because_o the_o nurse_n sometime_o aught_o to_o be_v kineder_n and_o tender_a than_o the_o mother_n a_o meet_a ground_n must_v be_v choose_v for_o the_o purpose_n that_o be_v a_o ground_n dry_a fat_a and_o well_o labour_v with_o the_o mattocke_n wherein_o the_o stranger_n may_v be_v well_o cherish_v and_o very_o like_a unto_o the_o soil_n into_o which_o you_o mean_v to_o remove_v they_o the_o kernel_n or_o stone_n must_v not_o be_v altogether_o naked_a but_o a_o little_a cover_v with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o fruit_n so_o shall_v they_o afterward_o endure_v the_o long_o they_o must_v be_v set_v a_o foot_n or_o there_o abouts_o a_o sunder_o after_o two_o year_n they_o must_v be_v remove_v and_o because_o their_o root_n do_v run_v very_o deep_a into_o the_o ground_n they_o must_v be_v somewhat_o bend_v or_o turn_v in_o to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v spread_v abroad_o and_o not_o run_v downward_o above_o all_o thing_n you_o must_v see_v it_o be_v free_a from_o stone_n and_o rubbish_n well_o fence_v against_o poultry_n and_o not_o full_a of_o chink_n or_o cleft_n that_o the_o sun_n burn_v not_o the_o tender_a root_n they_o must_v be_v set_v a_o foot_n &_o a_o half_a a_o sunder_o that_o they_o hurt_v not_o one_o a'n_z other_o with_o their_o near_a grow_v among_o other_o evil_n they_o will_v be_v full_a of_o worm_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v well_o rake_v and_o weed_v beside_o grow_v rank_n they_o must_v be_v trim_v and_o prune_v cato_n will_v have_v they_o cover_v over_o with_o lattuse_n upon_o fork_n to_o let_v in_o the_o sun_n and_o to_o keep_v out_o the_o cold_a thus_o be_v the_o kernel_n of_o pear_n pineapple_v nut_n cypress_n and_o such_o other_o cherish_v they_o must_v be_v gentle_o water_v for_o the_o first_o three_o day_n at_o the_o go_v down_o of_o the_o sun_n that_o they_o equal_o receive_n the_o water_n may_v open_v the_o soon_o zizipha_n or_o turkey_n plomes_n nut_n wallnutte_n and_o chestnut_n bay_n cherry_n pistaces_n apple_n date_n pear_n maples_n fyrre_n plome_n and_o diverse_a other_o be_v set_v of_o the_o stone_n or_o kernel_n in_o remove_a of_o they_o have_v special_a regard_n that_o they_o be_v set_v in_o the_o like_a soil_n or_o in_o better_a not_o from_o hot_a and_o forward_o ground_n into_o cold_a and_o backward_a nor_o contrary_a from_o these_o to_o the_o other_o you_o must_v make_v your_o furrow_n so_o long_o before_o if_o you_o can_v that_o they_o be_v overgrow_v with_o good_a mould_n mago_n will_v have_v they_o make_v a_o year_n before_o that_o they_o may_v be_v well_o season_v with_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o weather_n or_o if_o you_o can_v not_o so_o you_o must_v kindle_v fire_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o two_o month_n afore_o and_o not_o to_o set_v they_o but_o after_o a_o shower_n the_o depth_n of_o their_o set_n must_v be_v in_o stiff_a clay_n or_o hard_a ground_n three_o cubit_n and_o for_o plome_n tree_n a_o handful_n more_o the_o furrow_n must_v be_v make_v furnase_n like_a straight_o above_o and_o broad_a in_o the_o bottom_n and_o in_o black_a mould_n two_o cubit_n and_o a_o hand_n broad_a be_v square_a corner_a never_o deep_o than_o two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a nor_o broad_a than_o two_o foot_n broad_a and_o never_o of_o less_o depth_n than_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a which_o in_o a_o wet_a ground_n will_v draw_v near_o the_o water_n such_o as_o delight_v in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v set_v the_o deep_a as_o the_o ash_n and_o the_o olive_n these_o &_o such_o like_a must_v be_v set_v four_o foot_n deep_a the_o other_o it_o suffice_v if_o they_o stand_v three_o foot_n deep_a some_o use_n to_o set_v under_o their_o root_n round_o little_a stone_n both_o to_o contain_v and_o convey_v away_o the_o water_n other_o lay_v gravel_n underneath_o they_o the_o great_a tree_n be_v to_o be_v set_v toward_o the_o north_n and_o the_o west_n the_o small_a towards_o the_o south_n and_o the_o east_n some_o will_v have_v no_o tree_n remove_v under_o two_o year_n old_a or_o 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good_a purpose_n to_o take_v they_o up_o with_o the_o earth_n about_o they_o and_o to_o cover_v the_o root_n with_o a_o 〈◊〉_d and_o for_o this_o cause_n cato_n will_v have_v they_o to_o be_v carry_v in_o basaet●_n fill_v with_o earth_n up_o to_o the_o top_n the_o tree_n must_v so_o be_v set_v as_o it_o may_v stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o trench_n and_o so_o great_a heed_n must_v be_v take_v of_o the_o root_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v break_v nor_o mangle_a thra_n let_v we_o now_o go_v forward_o with_o every_o tree_n in_o his_o order_n marius_n among_o all_o tree_n and_o plant_n the_o vine_n by_o good_a right_a challenge_v the_o sovereignty_n see_v there_o be_v no_o plant_n use_v in_o husbandry_n more_o fruitful_a and_o more_o commodious_a than_o it_o vine_n not_o alone_o for_o the_o beautifulness_n and_o goodliness_n of_o the_o fruit_n but_o also_o for_o the_o easiness_n he_o have_v in_o grow_v whereby_o he_o refuse_v not_o almost_o any_o kind_n of_o country_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n except_o such_o as_o be_v too_o extreme_o skorch_v with_o the_o burn_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o else_o to_o extreme_o freeze_a with_o the_o vehement_a cold_n prosper_v also_o aswell_o in_o the_o plain_n and_o champion_n country_n as_o it_o do_v upon_o the_o hilly_a and_o mountain_n country_n likewise_o as_o well_o in_o the_o stiff_a and_o fast_o ground_n as_o in_o the_o soft_a and_o meilowe_a ground_n and_o oftentimes_o in_o the_o loamie_a and_o lean_a ground_n as_o in_o the_o fat_a and_o foggy_a and_o in_o the_o dry_a as_o in_o the_o moist_a and_o miry_a yea_o and_o in_o many_o place_n in_o the_o very_a rock_n it_o grow_v most_o abundant_o and_o most_o fruitful_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v and_o prove_v at_o this_o day_n about_o the_o river_n of_o rind_n in_o germany_n and_o the_o river_n of_o mosel_n in_o france_n and_o above_o all_o this_o it_o best_o abide_v and_o bear_v the_o contrary_a disposition_n of_o the_o heaven_n thra_n no_o doubt_v it_o be_v the_o most_o 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question_n there_o be_v no_o little_a ado_n among_o the_o writer_n of_o old_a where_o there_o be_v some_o that_o prefer_v graze_v till_a and_o woodsale_n far_o above_o the_o vine_n and_o yet_o again_o there_o want_v not_o great_a and_o learned_a man_n that_o affirm_v the_o vine_n to_o be_v most_o gainful_a as_o declare_v that_o old_a fruitfulness_n of_o the_o vine_n gayneful_a mention_v by_o cato_n varro_n and_o columella_n which_o upon_o every_o acre_n yield_v .700_o gallonde_n of_o wine_n and_o the_o vineyard_n of_o seneca_n wherein_o he_o have_v yearly_o upon_o one_o acre_n .1000_o gallonde_n when_o as_o in_o corn_n ground_n pasture_n or_o woodland_n
with_o old_a dung_n or_o with_o the_o new_a of_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o manuring_a the_o root_n be_v thus_o dig_v up_o must_v be_v lay_v up_o together_o and_o burn_v after_o must_v the_o ground_n be_v considere_v whether_o it_o be_v mellow_a and_o gentle_a it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v good_a that_o be_v somthe_a greety_a and_o grave_o and_o full_a of_o small_a pebble_n so_o that_o it_o be_v mingle_v with_o fat_a mould_n withal_o which_o if_o it_o be_v not_o be_v utter_o disallow_v dame_n ceres_n joy_v in_o heavy_a ground_n and_o bacchus_n in_o the_o light_n you_o shall_v perceive_v it_o to_o be_v massy_a and_o thick_a if_o be_v dig_v and_o cast_v into_o the_o hole_n again_o it_o rise_v over_o if_o it_o scarce_o fill_v the_o hole_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o it_o be_v light_v and_o thin_a the_o flynt_n by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o husbandman_n be_v count_v a_o friend_n to_o the_o vine_n special_o where_o it_o be_v well_o cover_v with_o good_a mould_n for_o be_v cold_a and_o a_o keeper_n of_o moisture_n it_o suffer_v not_o the_o root_n to_o be_v scald_a with_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n so_o much_o that_o columella_n do_v will_n man_n to_o lay_v certain_a stone_n about_o the_o side_n of_o the_o uinetree_n so_o that_o they_o exceed_v not_o the_o weight_n of_o five_o pound_n a_o piece_n which_o as_o virgil_n have_v note_v keep_v away_o the_o water_n in_o winter_n and_o the_o heat_n in_o summer_n hurl_v in_o the_o thirty_o stone_n or_o therein_o throw_v the_o nasty_a shell_n so_o do_v we_o see_v the_o bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n be_v full_a of_o these_o stone_n to_o yield_v a_o excellent_a good_a wine_n but_o the_o stone_n that_o lie_v above_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v away_o for_o in_o the_o summer_n be_v heat_v with_o the_o sun_n they_o burn_v the_o vine_n and_o in_o the_o winter_n they_o hurt_v they_o with_o their_o coldness_n contrary_a to_o those_o that_o lie_v in_o the_o bottom_n but_o the_o best_a of_o all_o be_v the_o foot_n of_o a_o hill_n which_o 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season_n be_v fit_a for_o it_o marius_n i_o will_v first_o speak_v of_o the_o season_n and_o afterwards_o of_o the_o plant_a the_o vine_n be_v plant_v accord_v to_o virgil_n rule_n vine_n in_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n but_o better_a in_o the_o spring_n if_o the_o weather_n be_v rainy_a or_o cold_a or_o the_o ground_n be_v fat_a champion_n or_o a_o watrish_a valley_n and_o best_a in_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n if_o the_o weather_n be_v dry_a and_o warm_a the_o ground_n dry_a and_o light_v a_o barren_a or_o a_o rugged_a hill_n the_o time_n of_o plant_v in_o the_o spring_n as_o columella_n say_v endure_v forty_o day_n from_o the_o ides_n of_o february_n until_o the_o aequinoclial_a and_o in_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n from_o the_o ides_n of_o october_n to_o the_o kalende_n of_o december_n cassian_n in_o constantine_n be_v teach_v by_o experience_n wyl_v in_o watery_a ground_n you_o shall_v rather_o plant_v in_o autumn_n when_o the_o leaf_n be_v fall_v and_o the_o plant_n after_o the_o vintage_n deliver_v of_o the_o burden_n of_o their_o cluster_n sound_a &_o strong_a before_o they_o be_v nip_v with_o the_o frost_n for_o than_o they_o best_o agree_v with_o the_o ground_n nature_n apply_v herself_o whole_o to_o the_o nourish_a of_o the_o root_n the_o time_n of_o graft_n columella_n say_v be_v of_o some_o extend_v from_o the_o first_o of_o november_n to_o the_o first_o of_o june_n vine_n till_o which_o time_n the_o shoot_n or_o graft_v may_v be_v preserve_v but_o it_o be_v not_o well_o like_v of_o he_o who_o rather_o will_v have_v it_o to_o be_v do_v in_o warm_a weather_n when_o winter_n be_v past_a when_o both_o bud_n and_o rind_n be_v natural_o move_v and_o safe_a from_o cold_a that_o may_v annoy_v either_o the_o graft_n or_o the_o stock_n yet_o he_o grant_v when_o haste_n require_v it_o may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n when_o as_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n be_v not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o spring_n for_o which_o 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spring_n it_o be_v very_o good_a to_o ride_v they_o up_o and_o down_o in_o some_o river_n which_o will_v exercise_v their_o leg_n for_o the_o water_n dry_v the_o leg_n and_o restrain_v the_o humour_n from_o fall_v down_o and_o keep_v they_o from_o windgalle_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v from_o the_o water_n you_o must_v with_o a_o little_a straw_n wipe_v they_o clean_o for_o the_o damp_n of_o you_o stable_n cause_v inflammation_n in_o the_o horse_n leg_n that_o be_v wet_a the_o water_n according_a to_o vegetius_n his_o mind_n will_v be_v clear_a and_o spring_v other_o like_o it_o a_o little_a run_v and_o trouble_v in_o a_o clay_n ground_n for_o this_o water_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o thickness_n and_o fatness_n do_v better_a nourish_v and_o feed_v the_o horse_n than_o the_o swift_a run_a stream_n yet_o those_o horse_n that_o be_v use_v to_o the_o swift_a and_o clear_a river_n be_v common_o the_o strong_a and_o best_a travailer_n and_o therefore_o it_o will_v be_v well_o consider_v 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and_o therefore_o remember_v what_o i_o say_v that_o where_o so_o ever_o you_o have_v labour_v he_o or_o ride_v he_o be_v sure_a you_o cover_v he_o with_o some_o cloth_n and_o walk_v he_o soft_o that_o he_o may_v be_v cold_a before_o he_o either_o be_v suffer_v to_o eat_v or_o drink_v when_o he_o be_v cold_a he_o may_v be_v lead_v to_o the_o water_n and_o wash_v so_o as_o when_o you_o bring_v he_o into_o the_o stable_n you_o litter_n he_o well_o and_o thorough_o rub_v he_o and_o so_o geve_v he_o meat_n if_o he_o be_v over_o travail_v the_o only_a remedy_n be_v rest_n and_o after_o his_o sweat_a to_o wash_v his_o mouth_n in_o summer_n with_o water_n and_o vinegar_n in_o winter_n with_o brine_n for_o the_o neglect_v of_o these_o thing_n have_v be_v the_o destruction_n of_o many_o a_o good_a horse_n also_o to_o pour_v into_o his_o mouth_n wine_n and_o oil_n in_o summer_n cold_a in_o winter_n warm_a as_o vegetius_n teach_v and_o as_o we_o find_v by_o experience_n be_v very_o good_a for_o it_o be_v common_o see_v that_o a_o tire_a horse_n if_o necessity_n force_v a_o further_a journey_n with_o pour_v in_o a_o quart_n of_o good_a wine_n will_v travail_v lusty_o you_o must_v not_o suffer_v your_o horse_n to_o drink_v after_o his_o journey_n till_o he_o be_v cold_a howbeit_o if_o he_o sweat_v not_o to_o extreme_o and_o be_v ride_v soon_o after_o it_o be_v not_o so_o dangerous_a it_o be_v far_o better_a to_o let_v he_o thirst_n then_o to_o geve_v he_o cold_a water_n if_o he_o be_v hot_a if_o a_o horse_n have_v long_o rest_v he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v travail_v upon_o the_o sudden_a either_o in_o gallop_v or_o long_a journey_n but_o to_o be_v labour_v fair_a and_o soft_o at_o the_o first_o a_o horse_n that_o be_v weary_a or_o tire_v be_v wonderful_o refreassh_v so_o as_o it_o will_v seem_v he_o have_v never_o be_v travail_v if_o he_o may_v wallow_v himself_o either_o in_o the_o stable_n or_o other_o dry_a place_n out_o of_o the_o wound_n and_o rain_n and_o therefore_o xenophon_n will_v have_v near_o unto_o every_o stable_n a_o place_n meet_v for_o their_o wallow_n wherein_o after_o their_o journey_n they_o may_v tumble_v themselves_o for_o in_o so_o do_v they_o show_v they_o be_v in_o health_n and_o refresh_v themselves_o you_o must_v look_v diligent_o that_o they_o be_v well_o look_v to_o at_o night_n and_o that_o after_o their_o sweat_n they_o be_v well_o rub_v and_o curry_v and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o disquiet_v when_o they_o shall_v rest_v in_o winter_n they_o will_v be_v clothe_v with_o woollen_a for_o take_v of_o cold_a and_o in_o summer_n with_o camias_n to_o keep_v they_o from_o fly_n you_o must_v beware_v that_o you_o journey_n they_o not_o long_o without_o stall_n but_o after_o you_o have_v travail_v a_o hour_n or_o such_o a_o thing_n provoke_v they_o to_o stale_a by_o ride_v they_o out_o of_o the_o way_n into_o some_o place_n where_o sheep_n have_v dounge_v or_o into_o some_o high_a grass_n ferne_n or_o stubble_n which_o order_n be_v 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even_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o some_o fault_n in_o the_o foot_n the_o horse_n halt_v either_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o spoil_n of_o his_o hoof_n in_o journey_n or_o by_o ill_a show_v or_o by_o unwholesome_a humour_n fall_v down_o by_o long_o stand_v in_o the_o stable_n or_o by_o windgalle_n if_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o show_n strike_v upon_o the_o head_n of_o every_o nail_n with_o the_o hammer_n and_o when_o you_o perceive_v he_o to_o shrink_v pluck_v out_o that_o nail_n or_o pour_v upon_o the_o hoof_n cold_a water_n and_o that_o nail_n that_o be_v first_o dry_a pluck_v out_o if_o it_o matter_n squeeze_v it_o out_o and_o power_n in_o pitch_n well_o sodden_a with_o old_a swine_n grease_n you_o must_v also_o speedy_o open_v his_o hoof_n below_o that_o the_o matter_n if_o it_o be_v full_a of_o corruption_n may_v descend_v lest_o it_o break_v out_o above_o the_o hoof_n and_o so_o cause_v a_o long_a time_n of_o heal_v the_o sign_n of_o it_o be_v if_o he_o hold_v up_o his_o foot_n 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in_o many_o place_n yea_o in_o england_n you_o shall_v have_v they_o fodr_v abroad_o all_o the_o winter_n though_o they_o be_v able_a to_o abide_v cold_a yet_o must_v you_o provide_v they_o of_o large_a stall_n for_o the_o succour_v of_o such_o as_o be_v great_a with_o calf_n your_o stable_n or_o oxstal_n must_v stand_v dry_a and_o be_v well_o floore_v either_o with_o stone_n gravaile_n or_o sand_n the_o stone_n will_v suffer_v no_o water_n to_o abide_v upon_o it_o the_o other_o will_v soon_o drink_v it_o up_o and_o dry_v it_o both_o sort_n must_v be_v lay_v slope_n that_o the_o water_n may_v run_v away_o for_o rot_v the_o groundsel_n and_o mar_v their_o house_n let_v they_o open_v towards_o the_o south_n so_o shall_v they_o be_v the_o dryer_n and_o the_o warm_a notwithstanding_o let_v your_o window_n open_a north_n and_o east_n which_o be_v shut_v in_o winter_n and_o open_a in_o summer_n may_v geve_v a_o healthful_a air_n in_o fine_a as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v let_v the_o house_n 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they_o have_v take_v in_o the_o pasture_n be_v expel_v and_o diverse_a inward_a disease_n cure_v the_o house_n must_v be_v sever_v with_o diverse_a room_n enclose_v and_o rack_v the_o rack_n must_v stand_v no_o high_o than_o the_o ox_n may_v easy_o reach_v and_o must_v have_v such_o partition_n as_o one_o beast_n beguile_v not_o the_o other_o whereto_o they_o must_v be_v well_o haltred_a and_o tie_v for_o hurt_v one_o the_o other_o cato_n will_v have_v the_o partition_n lettise_v moreover_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o feed_v they_o well_o except_o you_o also_o look_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o they_o in_o health_n and_o sound_n
the_o liver_n liver_n he_o complain_v first_o in_o the_o leg_n which_o will_v so_o grieve_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v well_o able_a to_o stand_v though_o he_o be_v in_o good_a like_n the_o remedy_n be_v this_o take_v a_o quart_n of_o good_a ale_n if_o it_o may_v be_v get_v if_o not_o take_v beer_n put_v therein_o lyverwort_n a_o good_a handful_n wormwood_n as_o much_o a_o pennyworth_n of_o garlic_n half_o a_o pennyworth_n of_o mad_a a_o pennyworth_n of_o round_a pepper_n as_o much_o long_a pepper_n a_o pennyworth_n of_o clove_n and_o mace_n a_o pennyworth_n of_o treacle_n mingle_v they_o together_o the_o herb_n be_v powder_v blaine_n and_o geve_v the_o beast_n a_o drink_n lukewarm_a the_o sign_n of_o the_o blaine_n be_v these_o swell_v about_o the_o face_n and_o the_o eye_n and_o somewhat_o in_o the_o body_n if_o it_o be_v in_o the_o body_n it_o swell_v much_o there_o the_o only_a remedy_n be_v take_v and_o search_v he_o in_o the_o mouth_n if_o you_o perceive_v blister_n 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and_o put_v into_o the_o liquor_n with_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o pound_n of_o mad_a and_o while_o all_o these_o do_v seethe_v take_v a_o great_a bowledishe_n and_o put_v therein_o a_o handful_n of_o bay_a salt_n half_o a_o handful_n of_o garlic_n four_o new_a lay_v egg_n shell_n and_o all_o two_o ball_n of_o ortment_n grind_v all_o these_o thing_n with_o a_o pestle_n in_o the_o bowl_n then_o take_v the_o liquor_n aforesaid_a from_o the_o fire_n till_o it_o be_v half_o cold_a and_o put_v the_o warm_a liquor_n into_o the_o bowl_n with_o the_o garlic_n salt_n egg_n and_o ortment_n brew_v it_o well_o together_o and_o geve_v the_o beast_n to_o drink_v blood_n warm_a or_o a_o little_a more_o a_o other_o of_o the_o same_o sort_n be_v this_o two_o pennyworth_n of_o comen_fw-fr a_o pennyworth_n of_o grain_n two_o pennyworth_n of_o anisseedes_n a_o pennyworth_n of_o bay_a berry_n a_o pennyworth_n of_o fenecrycke_n a_o pennyworth_n of_o turmeric_n one_o ball_n of_o ortment_n a_o pennyworth_n of_o treacle_n or_o rather_o for_o the_o loonge_n three_o or_o four_o spoonful_n of_o mad_a beat_v they_o all_o to_o gather_v and_o put_v they_o in_o three_o quarte_n of_o drink_n set_v they_o on_o the_o fire_n till_o they_o be_v blood_n warm_a geve_v the_o beast_n no_o drink_n in_o the_o morning_n before_o nor_o till_o noon_n after_o in_o the_o summer_n and_o in_o the_o winter_n till_o night_n or_o if_o you_o will_v you_o may_v geve_v they_o this_o medicine_n follow_v take_v flint_n soot_n that_o be_v hard_o dry_v upon_o a_o post_n or_o roof_n and_o beat_v it_o into_o powder_n with_o salt_n then_o take_v run_v water_n and_o seethe_v it_o rank_n ivy_n with_o the_o soot_n and_o salt_n and_o when_o the_o ivy_n be_v soft_a take_v and_o wring_v out_o the_o juice_n and_o strain_n all_o together_o through_o a_o linen_n cloth_n &_o geve_v it_o your_o cattle_n to_o drink_v blood_n warm_v in_o the_o spring_n and_o at_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o leaf_n bubale_n call_v of_o the_o common_a people_n buff_n buff_n of_o pliny_n bisonte_n be_v common_a in_o ital_o beyond_o the_o apenin_n a_o wild_a and_o savage_a beast_n that_o for_o their_o fearsenesse_n be_v handle_v with_o ring_n of_o iron_n in_o their_o nose_n of_o colour_n black_a their_o body_n large_a and_o mighty_a their_o leg_n well_o set_v and_o knit_v very_o strong_a and_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o body_n short_a their_o horn_n large_a crany_v and_o black_a their_o hair_n small_a and_o short_a their_o tail_n little_a they_o be_v in_o those_o part_n use_v for_o carriage_n drawght_fw-mi and_o like_a use_n as_o the_o ox_n of_o the_o milk_n of_o this_o beast_n be_v make_v cheese_n
a_o sharp_a point_a knife_n &_o slit_n the_o skin_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o above_o the_o hole_n and_o as_o much_o beneath_o and_o put_v thy_o one_o hand_n in_o the_o hollow_a of_o the_o foot_n under_o the_o hinder_a clee_n and_o set_v thy_o thumb_n above_o almost_o at_o the_o slit_n and_o thrust_v thy_o finger_n underneath_o forward_o and_o with_o your_o other_o hand_n take_v the_o black_a hair_n by_o the_o end_n or_o with_o thy_o knife_n point_n and_o pull_v the_o hear_v a_o little_a &_o a_o little_a thrust_v after_o thy_o other_o hand_n with_o thy_o finger_n and_o thy_o thumb_n and_o there_o will_v come_v out_o a_o worm_n like_o a_o piece_n of_o flesh_n near_o as_o big_a as_o a_o little_a finger_n when_o it_o be_v out_o put_v a_o little_a tar_n in_o the_o hole_n and_o it_o will_v short_o mend_v if_o they_o happen_v by_o the_o extreme_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o fall_v down_o and_o to_o forsake_v their_o meat_n geve_v they_o the_o juice_n of_o the_o wild_a beete_z 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〈◊〉_d never_o ●●htly_a come_v to_o g●od_a both_o the_o kind●●●_n do_v always_o 〈◊〉_d the_o cock_n in_o the_o day_n the_o hen_n in_o the_o night_n they_o hatch_v in_o twenty_o day_n they_o lie_v after_o five_o t●e_z ●inges_n in_o 〈◊〉_d they_o sometime_o bring_v forth_o in_o two_o 〈…〉_o for_o upon_o the_o nienetenth_n day_n they_o hatch_v 〈…〉_o again_o and_o therefore_o you_o shall_v often_o ●●nd_v among_o the_o young_a pigeon_n egg_n some_o ready_a to_o hatch_v and_o some_o fly_v if_o there_o be_v no_o cocke●_n the_o hen_n will_v tread_v one_o the_o other_o but_o their_o egg_n never_o come_v to_o good_a but_o be_v wind_n egg_n aristotle_n and_o theodorus_n call_v they_o water_n egg_n whereof_o there_o never_o come_v any_o thing_n and_o because_o the_o young_a one_o will_v breed_v at_o five_o month_n old_a we_o suffer_v the_o first_o flight_n to_o fly_v to_o increase_v the_o breed_n as_o be_v hatch_v in_o march_n will_v breed_v again_o in_o july_n or_o august_n those_o that_o we_o mean_v 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a_o good_a piece_n of_o his_o live_n yea_o the_o poo●e_a soul_n of_o the_o country_n that_o have_v no_o ground_n to_o occupy_v may_v raise_v hereof_o and_o that_o without_o charge_n a_o great_a commodity_n merula_n report_v that_o varro_n have_v yearly_o for_o the_o rent_n of_o his_o bee_n a_o thousand_o gallon_n of_o honey_n and_o that_o in_o a_o house_n in_o spain_n have_v not_o pass_v one_o acre_n of_o ground_n to_o it_o have_v yearly_o be_v make_v of_o the_o bee_n fourscore_o pound_n worth_a of_o wax_n and_o hony._n this_o little_a poor_a creature_n the_o bee_n do_v not_o only_o with_o her_o labour_n yield_v unto_o we_o her_o delicate_a and_o most_o healthy_a honey_n but_o also_o with_o the_o good_a example_n of_o their_o painful_a diligence_n and_o travail_n encourage_v man_n to_o labour_n and_o take_v pain_n bee_n according_a to_o his_o call_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o it_o seem_v the_o almighty_a and_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n have_v of_o all_o other_o special_o create_v 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it_o in_o sweet_a water_n wax_n must_v be_v put_v in_o a_o brass_n cauldron_n and_o put_v a_o little_a water_n thereto_o melt_v upon_o the_o fire_n which_o when_o you_o have_v do_v you_o must_v strain_v the_o wax_n through_o a_o sieve_n or_o such_o like_a thing_n make_v of_o straw_n or_o rush_n and_o after_o seethe_v it_o again_o and_o pour_v it_o into_o some_o vessel_n with_o water_n from_o whence_o you_o may_v eassy_n take_v it_o make_v it_o up_o in_o cake_n or_o what_o fashion_n you_o like_v pliny_n write_v that_o the_o comb_n must_v first_o be_v wash_v well_o and_o afterward_o dry_v in_o the_o dark_a for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n and_o the_o four_o day_n set_v upon_o the_o fire_n in_o a_o new_a earthen_a vessel_n so_o as_o the_o comb_n be_v cover_v with_o water_n and_o then_o strain_a through_o a_o cive_z last_v of_o all_o boil_a again_o in_o the_o same_o vessel_n and_o the_o same_o water_n and_o so_o pour_v into_o vessel_n with_o cold_a water_n have_v their_o side_n 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and_o restore_v the_o hear_n for_o the_o proof_n of_o his_o great_a force_n against_o poison_n they_o bring_v forth_o a_o young_a maiden_n of_o pavy_n that_o have_v unwares_o eat_v of_o a_o poison_a apple_n and_o therewithal_o so_o swell_v as_o no_o treacle_n nor_o medicine_n can_v cure_v she_o be_v at_o the_o last_o restore_v to_o health_n by_o the_o distil_v water_n of_o this_o thistell_n and_o likewise_o that_o a_o boy_n into_o who_o mouth_n as_o he_o sleep_v in_o the_o field_n happen_v a_o adder_n to_o creep_v be_v save_v by_o the_o drink_n of_o this_o water_n the_o adder_n creep_v out_o behind_o without_o any_o hurt_n to_o the_o child_n in_o fine_a they_o affirm_v that_o the_o leaf_n juice_n seed_n and_o water_n heal_v all_o kind_n of_o poison_n and_o that_o the_o water_n have_v heal_v a_o woman_n who_o breast_n be_v eat_v with_o a_o canker_n to_o the_o very_a rib_n i_o have_v also_o set_v in_o this_o little_a piece_n of_o ground_n great_a store_n of_o the_o herb_n call_v 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out_o sweat_n and_o venom_n help_v the_o jandise_n the_o stone_n of_o the_o reign_n and_o other_o grievous_a disease_n you_o shall_v also_o have_v amongst_o these_o plant_n of_o i_o the_o good_a sweet_a herb_n cariphilata_n or_o of_o some_o benedicta_fw-la of_o other_o sanamanda_n call_v in_o english_a aueus_fw-la aueus_fw-la who_o root_n whether_o it_o be_v green_a or_o old_a resemble_v the_o clove_n in_o savour_n the_o leaf_n be_v jagged_a roof_o of_o a_o darkish_a green_a and_o not_o much_o unlike_a to_o agrimony_n the_o flower_n be_v yellow_a and_o after_o the_o fall_v thereof_o leave_v a_o prycly_a knop_n like_o a_o hedgehog_n the_o root_n the_o long_a it_o have_v grow_v the_o sweet_a it_o be_v the_o special_a use_n of_o this_o root_n in_o some_o country_n be_v to_o be_v put_v in_o wine_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n for_o it_o make_v the_o wine_n to_o taste_v and_o savour_n very_o pleasant_o which_o wine_n as_o many_o hold_n opinion_n do_v glad_a the_o heart_n open_v the_o 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a._n sheep_n few_o and_o well_o feed_v 138._o b._n sheep_n of_o what_o age_n and_o how_o to_o buy_v 137._o b._n sheep_n keep_v abroad_o 142._o a._n sheep_n when_o to_o buy_v 138._o a._n sheep_n cover_v 142._o 2._o sheep_n have_v swallove_v a_o horseleeche_n his_o cure_n 144._o a._n scabious_a the_o virtue_n 191._o b._n t._n timber_n for_o build_v 108._o timber_n for_o pump_n and_o water_n pipe_n 108._o tree_n the_o northside_n mossy_a 105._o b._n tree_n of_o knowledge_n why_o create_v 70._o a._n tree_n foreshow_v his_o fall_n 107._o b._n tree_n never_o without_o fruit_n 91_o tree_n the_o wise_a 92._o a._n tree_n best_o for_o timber_n 105._o b._n tree_n how_o to_o keep_v from_o worm_n 90._o b._n tree_n spring_v best_o of_o the_o seed_n 70._o b._n tree_n soon_o grow_v the_o fruit_n last_v not_o 97._o b._n tree_n graff_v in_o the_o stock_n 72._o a._n tree_n graff_v betwixt_o wood_n and_o ryade_n 72._o a._n trees_n whereon_o to_o be_v graff_v 72._o a._n trees_n when_o to_o be_v prune_v 98._o b._n tree_n spring_v slow_o of_o the_o seed_n 9●_n tree_n always_o green_a 70._o b._n tree_n to_o be_v peel_v 104._o b._n tree_n remove_v their_o stand_v 99_o a._n tree_n help_v with_o urine_n 99_o a._n tree_n the_o trim_v of_o their_o root_n 99_o a._n tree_n their_o fat_a 109._o a._n tree_n to_o save_v from_o mist_n 99_o b._n tree_n sick_a the_o remedy_n 99_o b._n tree_n their_o flesh_n 109._o b._n tree_n their_o skin_n 109._o b._n tree_n a_o great_a benefit_n 69._o b._n tree_n bear_v fruit_n their_o forres_fw-la 70._o b._n tree_n to_o ripe_a timely_a 99_o a._n tree_n not_o bear_v the_o remedy_n 99_o a._n tree_n their_o distance_n in_o stand_v 68_o a._n tree_n young_a their_o prune_v 99_o a._n tree_n stand_v sawty_a wise_a 69._o b._n tree_n stand_v checkerwyse_n 69._o b._n 71._o tree_n their_o bow_n 109._o b._n tree_n their_o order_n for_o graft_n and_o plant_v 72._o a._n tree_n their_o blood_n 109._o a._n tree_n lance_v 98._o b._n tree_n their_o seed_n plot_n 76._o a._n tree_n their_o kind_n 70._o b._n tree_n their_o doung_v 98._o a._n tree_n their_o drop_n 98._o b._n tree_n their_o love_n 71._o b._n and._n 97._o b._n tree_n their_o remove_n 99_o a._n tree_n their_o wen_n 109._o b._n tree_n their_o vein_n 109._o b._n tree_n their_o shadow_n 71._o b._n &_o 98._o a._n timber_n for_o plowes_n 108._o b._n timber_n for_o water_n work_n 109._o a._n timber_n for_o bow_n 109._o a._n throstel_n 171._o a._n timber_n for_o board_n 108._o b._n for_o axeltrees_n for_o hafte_n and_o handle_n 108._o b._n for_o gate_n 109._o a_o for_o lance_n for_o table_n ship_n target_n sheath_n pulley_n 108_o for_o beam_n 107._o b._n tenantes_n change_v not_o good_a 47._o b._n their_o labour_n more_o to_o be_v regard_v then_o their_o rent_n their_o order_n 47._o a._n v._o veronica_n his_o virtue_n 191._o b._n vine_n plant_n which_o and_o how_o to_o get_v their_o keep_n their_o length_n 81._o a._n vine_n plant_n their_o plant_n 81._o b._n varnish_v 110._o a._n vine_n his_o easy_a husbandry_n 79._o a._n vintage_n 84._o vineyard_n stony_a 80._o a._n vine_n the_o pluck_n of_o his_o leaf_n 83._o b._n vine_n his_o prop_v 83._o b._n vine_n his_o first_o plant_a 77._o a._n vine_n his_o wonder_a increase_n 77._o b._n vine_n but_o late_o in_o germany_n 79._o b._n vine_n yoke_v 79._o b._n vines_n gutter_a 79._o b._n vine_n mingle_v not_o to_o be_v plant_v 81._o a._n vine_n how_o to_o stand_v 80._o b._n vine_n plant_v their_o order_n 81._o b._n vine_n how_o to_o be_v dounge_v 82._o a._n vine_n his_o friendship_n and_o hatred_n with_o certain_a tree_n 79._o b._n vine_n when_o to_o plant_v 80._o a._n vine_n his_o graft_n 80._o a._n vine_n who_o first_o find_v 77._o a._n vine_n when_o he_o flower_v 27._o a._n w._n woormewood_n 68_o wood_n for_o cup_n 108._o b._n winter_n grain_n the_o best_a 27._o a._n wheat_n fifteen_o day_n in_o blade_n fifteen_o in_o flower_n and_o fifteen_o in_o ripe_n 48._o wyllowe_a grove_n 103._o b._n wyllowe_v his_o use_n 108._o b._n wyllowe_v the_o kind_n 108._o b._n wood_n cut_v the_o season_n 104._o b._n wood_n coppise_v 104._o a._n wood_n coppise_v their_o sever_n 104._o b._n wood_n for_o mast._n 101._o a._n wood_n great_o cherish_v by_o the_o roman_n 100_o a._n wood_n wild_v their_o fruit_n 100_o a._n wheat_v harvest_n 41._o a._n wheat_v the_o kind_n 26._o b._n wheat_v sow_v 27._o a._n wheat_v and_o the_o vine_n flower_n together_o 27._o a._n wine_n of_o apple_n 88_o b._n wine_n of_o pear_n 89._o a._n walnut_n tree_n his_o use_n 108._o b._n walnut_n tree_n foreshow_v his_o fall_n 107._o b._n wools_n the_o best_a 137._o b._n water_n betony_n his_o virtue_n 192._o a._n y._n yew_a tree_n his_o use_n 109._o 2._o z._n zo●_n 29._o a._n ziziphes_n 92._o b._n finis_fw-la
may_v look_v into_o the_o court_n and_o to_o the_o gate_n and_o oversee_v his_o neighbour_n the_o bailie_n rigo_n marry_o sir_n here_o be_v watch_n and_o ward_n in_o deed_n this_o i_o think_v you_o learn_v of_o varro_n for_o it_o be_v a_o part_n of_o his_o order_n cono_n thus_o experience_n teach_v hereby_o be_v my_o storehouse_n rigo_n merciful_a god_n what_o a_o sort_n of_o tool_n have_v you_o here_o cono_n hesiodus_n will_v have_v a_o husband_n have_v all_o his_o furniture_n ready_a and_o will_v not_o have_v he_o borrow_n in_o any_o case_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o other_o borowe_v not_o lest_o they_o refuse_v to_o lend_v so_o thou_o shall_v want_n the_o time_n shall_v pass_v and_o business_n never_o end_v therefore_o i_o have_v so_o furnish_v my_o bailiff_n as_o he_o have_v of_o every_o sort_n two_o marcus_n varro_n divide_v his_o husbandry_n necessary_n into_o three_o part_n vowel_n where_o he_o put_v his_o own_o servant_n &_o such_o as_o 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