at present in relation to Colours for dying Silks cloth c. CHAP. II. The most curious Art and Method of colouring Skins or any peices or parcels of Leather or Bristles as also of gilding Leather with Gold laying with Silver or Lacquering c. To colour Skins green TAke the Leaves of Night-shade bruise them in a Mortar strain out the juice and dissolve in a pint two ounces of Alum add half an ounce of Verdigrease and heat them gently over the Fire and then suffering it to stand for twenty four hours strike over the Skin with it warm and suffering it to dry do it again till it has taken the Colour which will be very lively To colour black Leather after the Order in Germany c. Take of the Bark of Elder two pounds of the filings or rust of Iron the like quantity put to them two Gallons of Rain-water and stop them up close in a Cask or other Vessel and so suffer them to stand for the space of two Months then put to the liquid part a pound of Nut-galls beaten to Powder and a quarter of a pound of Coperas heating them over the Fire and suffering them to stand twenty four hours after and so use them with a brush till the Skin has taken an excellent black To colour white Leather the best way Having hung your Skins in Chalk or Lime-water till they are grown supple that the Hair or Wool may be stripp'd off stretch them on Tenters or by Lines and smooth them over then take your colouring mixed according to the Purport of what you intend they shall take and having first brushed them over with Alum-water very warm give them the Tincture and dry them in the Sun or in some warm house and they will be useful on sundry occasions without any further trouble To make white Leather blue Take the Berries of Elder a quart strain out the juice and boil it with an ounce of the powder of Alum and half an ounce of Indico or smalt blue and brush over the Leather with a fine brush dipped therein three or four times suffering it to dry between whiles and the business will be effected To colour Leather a fair Red. Having rubbed your Leather well with alum-Alum-water or alumed it take stale Urine seeth it and scum it till half be wasted put then to it an ounce of the finest Lake with the like quantity of Braziel in Powder an ounce of Alum and half an ounce of Sal-armoniac mix them well and keep them stirring over a gentle Fire about two hours and so use the liquid part and your expectation will be answered To colour your Leather a curious French yellow Take one part of Chalk and another of Wood-Ashes and make thereof a good Ley then strain out the fine or Liquid matter put it into a Vessel over the Fire and put into it Turmerick in Powder and a little quantity of Saffron and so suffer it to simper till it becomes pretty thick then set it to cooling and as you have occasion use it as before mentioned To colour Spanish Leather c. Take that which the Dutch call Pomplemelch warm it and rub the Leather therewith then take of Venis tot Appelen and having beaten it small put a considerable quantity of fair water to it and let it soften over a gentle Fire then press out the water and so in the liquid part rub or wash the Skin doing it so often and after that take Shooe makers black the sinest and rub over the Skin with it having in the wetting added to it a little Vitriol or Coperas and suffering it to dry take Goose or Hogs-grease in a Woollen Cloth and rub the Skin over for a good space where there is a good Fire to supple it in and then rub it over with your hands till it disappear or instead of Grease Line-seed or train Oil may be used and so in case of any other Colour according as the Colours are designed To dye Bristles a câ—rious râ—d for Brâ—shes Take an ounce of Braziel-Wood in Powder half an ounce of Alum a quarter of an ounce of Vermilion and a pint of Vinegar boil them up to a moderate thickness and dip the Bristles in when it is very hot suffering them to continue or sometime in the Liquor and they will be of a curious Red. To dye Bristles or Feathers a curious green c. Take of Verdigrease an ounce Verditur the like quantity Gum-water a pint mix them well together and dip the Bristles or Feathers they having been first soaked in hot water into the said mixture To dye Bristles or Feathers blue Take an ounce of Indico as much of Bisse as much Alum as a Hazle-nut put them into Gum water and dip the materials into it hot hang them up to dry and clap them well that they may open And so changing the Colours you may in this manner dye the aforesaid materials of any Colour as for black use Log-wood and Galls for Purple Lake and Indico for Carnation Vermilion and Smalt for yellow yellow Berries and Saffion with a little Tartar mingled or dissolved in your Gum-water To dye Ivory Bone or Hern a curious red Take the materials and soften them in water wherein Tartar has been dissolved then take Vermilion and Braziel temper them well in water boil them up in a Liquor and put your Horn Ivory or Bone into it and suffer either of them to be there it being hot for a convenient time and taking them instantly out cast them into cold Alum-water and if they have not taken the Tincture at first use them in the like manner a second time and so proportioning the Colours you may in this manner proceed to make them take what Colour you please To marble Books or Paper the best way Take four ounces of Gum-Arabick dissolve it in two quarts of fair water then provide several Colours mixed with water in pots or shells and with peculiar pencils to every Colour sprinkle them by way of inter-mixture upon the Gum-water which must be in a Trough or some broad Vessel then with a stick curl them and draw them out in streaks to as much variety as may be which done hold your Book or Books close together and only dip the Edges in on the top of the water and Colours very lightly which done take them off and the plain Impression of the Colours in mixture will be upon the Leaves doing as well the ends as the Front of the Book in like manner and in this case you may do paper by dipping it on the flat as also Linen Cloth c. To dye or colour Horse hair or any hair c. Steep the water wherein a small quantity of Turpentine has been boiled for the space of two hours then having prepared your Colours very hot boil the Hair therein and any Colour black excepted will take but that will only take a dark red or dark blue c. And after this manner
the spot invisible To take Pitch Tar Rosâ—n or Bees wax out of any Stuff Silk or Cloth. Take Oil of Turpentine warm it a little and apply it to the place suffering it to soak in for the space of an hour and then gently rub it and you will perceive the Rosin c. losened and instantly to crumble away A Soap water to take out any manner of spots how to make it Boil Straw-berries or the Leaves thereof in a quart of fair water and a pint of Vinegar then add two pounds of Casteel Soap and half a pound of Chalk finely scraped boil them till the moisture is consumed and when you have Occasion wet the place with sharp Vinegar and rub it over with this Soap drying it afterward against a Fire or in the Sun. A speedy way to take all manner of Spots or Stains out of Scarlet or out of Velvet of what Colour soever not changing it Take Soap-wort an herb so called strain out the Juice it being bruised add to the Juice a small quantity of black Soap if the Scarlet be â—â—t dyed in clear grain and these being made â—â—in wash the place with the liquid part sufâ—â—ring it to dry between whiles and by this means in a day or two you will perceive the Spots to disappear To take Iron Moulds or Stains out of Linen Take the Juice of a Limon warm it with a little Powder of Alum dissolved in it wet it and as it is wet dry it with a spoon wherein is a live coal and so continue to do for the space of two hours and the Spot or Iron-mould in a washing or two will disappear This likewise will take out Spots of Ink c. To take out oily Spots out of parchment or oily Paper the manner Take the Powder of burnt Bone finely fifted â—nd place between two boards pressing it hard â—ome of the powder on either side the Spot and â—n two days it will be quite vanished An excellent way to take Spots or Stains out of Linen viz. Take fair water and dissolve it in Bay-salt â—nd steep the Linen therein then take juice of â—â—rrel and sharp Vinegar and â—ub the Spot with them suffering it likewise to soak in and in so often doing it will disappear To take away Ink-Stains Stains with Fruit c. Take the powder of Alum half an ounce the juice of Housleek or Sengreen two ounces and apply them the Alum being dissolved very hot and the business will be effected Instructions how to keep Silks from staining in the washing Heat rain-rain-water and when it is very hot put into it casteel Soap dissolve it well then suffer it to be almost cold after which sprinkle in a small quantity of fulling Earth and so scowre out your Silks then suffer them not to lie on heaps but spread them and clap them between clean dry Cloaths and they will be fresh and fair Directions to keep Linen layed up without using from Damage for many Years Having washed and well dried your Lineâ— the Sun fold it up and scatter in the foldinâ— the Powder of Cedar wood or Cedar smaâ—â— ground having first perfumed your Chest wiâ—â— storax by which means not only dampness 〈◊〉 prevented but Worms or Moths c. Further Directions to keep Woollen or Linen sweet and pleasant as likewise from being damaged by Moths Worms c. Take Orange Peels dry them in an Oven and beat them to Powder add to that Powder of Elicampane roots the Powder of Arras and that of Juniper and air your Cloaths when you lay them up over a Fire wherein Bay-leaves are cast and burnt A pleasant water to preserve Linen or any other thing a long time gâ—ving it moreover a curious scent Take of Spike flowers two pound Costmary one pound Balm an handful penny-royal as much Mace two ounces Arras Powder an ounce soak these in White-wine and distil them and sprinkle your Cloaths in a fair day suffering them afterward to dry and then lay them up A good way to wash any Linen or Woollen inter woven with Gold or Silver and not to impair it Dip the part you design to favour in Urine and Alum and suffer it well to be soaked then soap the rest but not that place and having washed it hang it to dry in the shade and your expectation will be answered To remove stains occasioned by Wine or Vinegar Take new Milk and steep the thing stained therein a night then take Runnet and apply to the Stain rubbing it in and by so doing twice or thrice you will find it fair as at first To make Linen that is turned yellow very white Heat Milk over the Fire and add to a Gallon a pound of Cake soap scraped in so that it may dissolve and when the Cloaths have boiled therein take them out and clap them into a Lather of hot water and wash them out speedily To whiten Cloth the best way Take your Cloth and buck it well then spread it upon the Grass and sprinkle it with Alum-water suffering it to continue abroad for three or four days then buck it again with Soap and fullers Earth and use it as before and so it will be both thick and white CHAP. IV. Directions to scowre Silver and gold Lace make Plate bright and look like new take Spots and Stains out of it to diaper Linen whiten Ivory make Cement for broken Glasses c. Perfumes of divers kinds Musk-balls and many other things and matters c. To scowre Silver and Gold Lace and to restore it to its first Lustre as also Imboss or Imbroidâ—ry TAke the Lace and lay it as smooth as may be upon a dry Woollen Cloth then burn Alum and beat it to Powder sifting it afterward through a very fine fieve then with a brush rub it gently over the Lace and by so doing and often turning it the business will come to Perfection And thus To scowre and take Stains out of any Silver Plate c. Steep you Plate in Soap-leys for the space of four hours then run it over with whiting wet with Vinegar so that it may stick thick upon it and dry it by a Fire after which rub off the whiting and pass it over with dry bran and the Spots will not only disappear but it will look exceeding bright To boil up Plate that it may look like new Take of unslaked Lime a pound of Alum the like quantity Aqua vitae and Vinegar of each a pint and of Beer grounds two quarts boil the Pâ—ate in these and they will set a curious gloss upon it To make any Linen at the first appearance look like Diaper Take it when new washed spread it upon a Table somewhat damp and sprinkle it over with a brush dipped in Alum and Rose-water in form and manner as best shall suit with your fancy To whiten any piece of Ivory that is turned yellow as also Bone c. Take a pound of Quick-lime beat small and place it
Ingredients in Vinegar and Water but the Ink will not prove as the former To make red Ink. Take the Powder of Braziel an ounce white Lead and Alum of each two drams Gum arabick a dram put these into a pint of Urine and stopped close in a bottle and often shake them together and the business will be effected Another way for red Ink. Take of Gum arabick half an ounce Vermilion an ounce and a half Lake a quarter of an ounce and Vinegar indifferent strong a quart mix them well together over a gentle Fire and then suffer them to stand a while shaking the Vessel when you come to use it To make white Ink to write on Black Paper or the like As in case of Consolatory Letters to those whose Friends are deceased Take an ounce of chalk as much Quick-lime and a quarter of an ounce of Egg-shell with half an ounce of burnt Ising-glass grind them well together and put them into Gum water of any kind to a thickness of writing and the Ink by Candle-light especially will appear like Silver To make Ink for the conveniency of Carriage in Powder c. Take Lamp-black half an ounce the Powder of Galls an ounce Vitriol or Copper as half an ounce Gum-arabick a quarter of an ounce Ivory black a quarter of an ounce make them into balls with water adding if they stick not well together more Gum and when you have occasion to use it scrape a little into a small quantity of Wine Water and Vinegar and stir it about and it will be exceeding black Ink immediately and so you may be always provided with it without fear of spilling or want of it in places of travelling where there is none to be had and instead of Lamp-black you may use burnt Cherry-stones ground to Powder To make a red Ink to carry to any Place as the former Take the Powder of Braziel finely ground or heaten one ounce mix with it the juice of Mulberries or Black berries or for want of them water wherein a little Lake has been dissolved add Gum-arabick half an ounce to two ounces of the Powder wet them to a thickness and making them up in Balls use them as the former To make green Ink. Take the filing of Copper an ounce Verditer half an ounce Gâ—m-arabick half an ounce and Vinegar half a pint put them together in a stove or warm Oven and suffer them to stand three or four days then stir them together and use the liquid part To make Ink that will make an Impression as that of Printers c. Take of Lamp black an ounce or for want of it Shooe-makers black half an ounce of Vitriol an ounce of fine ground Char-coal to these add a quart of Line-seed Oil boil them up with stirring over a gentle Fire till they become of a sufficient thickness then take out the substance and move it upon a stone or on an Ink-block with your Muller till it is very fine and so it will take the Impression as of Letters c. in the nature of Prints or Pictures c. Red Ink of the foregoing kind Is made with Vermilion and Line-seed Oil well tempered upon a stone with a Muller To write Letters invisible but by Fire You must take the Juice of Limon and Onion temper them well together and let your Paper be very dry then write what you think convenient and send it to the Party you design who knowing the Mystery before-hand shall no sooner hold it to the Fire but those Letters which were blank before will fairly appear To make Letters appear by water Take welld ried Paper and having dissolved a quantity of Alum in Gum-water write thereon and suffering the writing to dry dip the whole Paper under water and the Letters will appear so much whiter than the rest that they may be plainly distinguished and read To make Letters that cannot be seen or read but by reading them through the Paper c. Take white Lead finely ground with very weak Gum-water and with it as thin as the temperature of Ink write upon exceeding white Paper not very thick and by that means when it is dry it cannot be discerned from the Paper but by looking at a light placed on the other side of the Paper and then the Letters will plainly appear by denying your Eyes to penetrate them though the Paper be transparent CHAP. V. Directions for cleansing colouring Gloves and perfuming them the way to scour Ribbands without much impairing the Colour the Method of washing starching c. Silks as Lute-string Lawns Tiffanies Sarcenets c. with other matters of Curiosity Foul Gloves to cleanse without wetting TAke your Gloves and lay them upon a clean board and make a mixture of Fulling-earth and Powder of Alum very dry and pass them over on every side with an indifferent stiff brush then sweep of that and sprinkle them with dried bran and whiting a considerable time and so dust them well the which if they be not extraordinary greasie will render them clean as at first but if they be greasy you must take out the grease with crumbs of toasted bread and powder of burnt bone then pass them over with a woollen cloth dipp'd in Fulling earth or Alum-powder and so you may cleanse them without wetting which many times shrinks and spoils them To colour Gloves Take your Colours suitable to your intention if dark take Spanish brown and black Earth if lighter yellow Oker and whiting and so of the rest mix them with a moderate size and daub the Gloves over with the Colour wet and so suffer them to hang till they dry by degrees then beat out the superfluity of the Colour and smooth them over with a stretching or sleeking stick reducing them to their proper shape To make an excellent Perfume for Gloves Take Amber-grease a dram Civet the like quantity Orange flower-Butter a quarter of an ounce and with these well mixed and ordered daub them over gently with fine Cotton-wool and so press the Perfume into them Another good Persume on the like Occasion Take of Damask or Rose-scent half an ounce the Spirit of Cloves and Mace of each a dram Frankincense a quarter of an ounce mix them together and lay them in Papers between your Gloves and being hard pressed the Gloves will take the scent in twenty four hours and hardly lose it afterward To cleanse cast Bibbands c. Take your Ribbands and smooth them out having sprinkled them a little before with fair water then lay them on a Carpet or clean Cloth at full breadth and having made a thin Ladder of Casteel soap go over them gently with a brush or fine woollen Cloth then having in readiness water wherein a little Alum and white Tartar has been dissolved go over them till you see them clean and so they will not only be clean but the Colour will be fixed from further fading if you suffer them to dry in the shade and then smooth
BRuise to Powder a handful of Galls half an ounce of Vitriol and the like quantity of Gum-Arabick and Gum-Sandrick mingle them finely sisted together and when you have occasion to write rub over your Paper with a little of it laid upon Cotton-Wool and then having sufficiently smoothed it take water and write upon the said Paper when suffering it to dry it will take a black impression occasioned by the Powder as if it had been written with Ink. Another curious Powder Ink fit for Travellers c. or the London Powder-Ink Take ten ounces of Nut-Galls bruise them well three ounces of Roman Vitriol Gum-Arabick and Roch-Alum of each an ounce make them into fine powder sift and dry them at which time put the Powder up in close Boxes or Papers and when you have occasion to use it put a little quantity into a good quantity of water and shake it well about and it will instantly change the colour of the water and at length become good Ink that is in less than two hours space by which means any person without giving himself considerable trouble of carriage may be furnished at all times Another curious Powder of the like efficacy how to make and lately known by the white Powder-Ink so much coveted of late c. Take Gum-Sandâ—ick two ounces beat it well to Powder and sift it through a fine sieve and as much of Chalcanthâ— so called by the Latins of which you may furnish your self at the Druggists mix them well beaten and pulverized and a quarter of an ounce of this or little more will turn a pint of Water or Vinegar into a curious writing Ink in a very short time Mathoilus 's Direction for making a curious and lasting Ink c. Take five ounces of Galls well bruised Roman Vitriol three ounces Gum-Arabick two ounces Bay-falt a drachm or instead of it a quantity of Alum mix them well together in a new glaz'd earthen pot and pour upon the mixture White-wine very strong and hot about five pints and suffer it the weather being hot to stand in the Sun for the space of fisteen days or it may be done in a stove Oven or in the Chimney-corner frequently stirring it about and so pouring out the dross an excellent Ink will be had not subject to change by time nor alter its colour Two excellent ways of speedily making Ink c. 1. Take Vitriol and Gum-Arabick of each an ounce of Galls well broken a like quantity of sharp Wine or Wine-Vinegar ten ounces and suffer them to stand together for an hour sometimes shaking them they will turn the liquid part exceeding black and render it fit for your use 2. Take of Galls half an ounce well bruised mingle with it a like quantity of Gum Arabick and of Roman Vitriol eight drachms put these into eight ounces of White wine pretty hot and in as short a time as the former a perfect Ink will be made How to make a Black that will not only serve for Ingrossing but Painting c. Take Copperas half an ounce bruised Galls an ounce Lamp-black an ounce Gum-Arabick half in ounce mix them with a pint of Wine or Vinegar set them over a gentle fire and suffer them to simper till a half part be consumed and what remains will render an excellent thick and black Ink. The famous George Machijus 's Receipt for curious Writing-Ink c. Take of Galls three ounces Râ—man Vitriol two ounces Gum-Arabick half an ounce and having well bruised them infuse the Galls in two quarts of White wine for the space of eight days stirring them well about each day and three days after the putting in the Galls put the Gum in dissolved in a little Wine by it self before it be put in three days after the Galls and the Vitriol as long after that stirring them at sundry times and at the termination of eight days the Ink will come to a full and curious perfection To make a kind of Ink to write obscurely and not to be read unless the Paper whereon the Writing is be held to the Fire Take that which is vulgarly called Sal-Armoniack and Nitre of each half an ounce mingle them with the Juice of Limon over a gentle fire and having refined the liquid part from the dross use it when cold and so holding the Paper when it is written on to the fire the Letters will fairly appear or otherwise it will not c. To take away spots or defects out of Writing either on Paper or Parchment Take Roch-Alum burnt half an ounce as much of the Flour of Brimstone and being finely in Powder wet the Paper a little and put a small quantity of the Powder upon the place rubbing it gently with your finger and the Maculation will disappear And thus much for the Treating of Inks c. wonderful necessary and useful on all occasions and profitable to those that will undertake to make them for Sale. CHAP. IX The Art of making Washes and other Beautifying Materials for taking away Sun-burn Morphew Freckles Roughness of the Skin and restoring a curious Complexion as also Whitening the Teeth Enlivening the Eyes Curling and Colouring the Hair c. A Water to restore a faded Complexion TAke the Flowers of Rosemary Comfrey and Cammomile boil them in White-wine and wash your face and hands therewith mornning and evening To create a very fair Complexion Take two ounces of white Tartar burn or calcine it then quench it in the destilled Water of Roses and wash the face with it To render a fresh and comely Complexion Take an ounce of the Oyl of Sweet Almonds the like quantity of the Oyl of Myrrh bruise in them of the Powder of Gum-Sandrick a grain and with the whole mixture rub and anoint the face To render the Skin clear and of a very fair Complexion Take Bean blossoms and the Water that destilis from the Vine with the Flowers of Fumitory distill them and make a Wash with what proceeds there-from To make the Skin smonth and shining Take of the Marrow of Swines-feet an ounce Oyl of Nutmegs a quarter of an ounce Dears suet half an ounce Oyl of Bay berries two ounces make them into an Oyntment over a gentle fire and anoint the face hands or any part of the body therewith To remove Freckles Tan or Sun-burn Take the Juice of Burdock leaves and Limons of each a like quantity mix them together and add half as much Oyl of Chammomile a little Rye-meal and the Gall of a Cock or Capon make them into an Ointment and anoint the place therewith and in a short time the defect will be removed To remove Pimples or Redness Take an Egg and roast it hard then take out the Yolk at the top and fill it with Copperas and put it close covered in the Embers till the Copperas is melted or become water then pour out the water and bath the face with it but if it be too sharp you may allay it with
half a handful bruise them with a quarter of a pint of Vinegar straining the liquid part through a cloth and mingle it with the materials before mentioned so thin that it may take either in dying or painting To make a black water to dye Silk Cloth c. Take half a pound of Nut-galls add to them a pottle of water and an ounce of Lamb-black with a handful of the rust or filings of Iron heat them up adding half a pound of coperas seeth them to a half Consumption adding then a pint of gum-Gum-water and so set it by for your use c. and it will prove excellent good the longer it is kept it being the better To dye Linen or Silk a Rose red Take to every four yards and a half a pound of Nut-galls and seeth them in fair water unbrused for the space of two hours when pouring out the liquid part into another Vessel or Fatt put your Linen c. into it and suffer it to soak for the space of four hours then wring it dry and heat it again in Alum and fair water adding half a pound of Braziel powder and a pound of Greening-weed and so by gentle heats make up your colour to the heighth To dye a fair green Take Bran-water and Alum a Gallon of the former to a pound of the latter and seeth them up till the Alum is dissolved then for about a quarter of an hour let your Silk or Cloth lie therein then take more Bran-water and a few handfuls of woad and put it therein till it become a dark yellow then add Verdigrease and Indico of each half a pound or more or less of the one or the other as you would have it lighter or darker To dye a good black Take two pounds of Galls and half a pound of Coperas seeth them in water over a gentle Fire putting your Silk Stuff or Cloth therein and stirring it about then hang it to dry and prepare your dye in this manner viz. Take a large Fatt and put therein three or four handfuls of Rye Meal and half so much of swarf of the Grind-stone or Smiths water with two handfulls of elder bark and the like quantity of the rust of Iron and having suffered it to stand for the space of three days heat it up and put your materials therein c. To make a thick water to work on yellow Silk the best way Take two quarts of the best Varnish add to it an ounce of the Flower of Sulphur half an ounce of Camphire then seeth it a while and suffer it to cool straining it through a Cloth to take away the grosser part and when you use it let it be mixed with a small quantity of Gum-Arabick water To make a curious red Water Take two quarts of fair water four ounces of Gum-Arabick a pound of faucet Woad seeth them together till half be consumed and then taking it off put into the remainder half an ounce of Spanish green and about thirty grains of Cochinele and so use it as you see convenient To make a curious blue Water for Silks Stuffs or Woollen Take three parts of Soap boilers Ashes and one part of unquenched Lime make of them a Ley and suffer it well to settle then add to the thinner part taken off a pound of Boloemen stirring them well together over a gentle fire adding a pound of Woad and half a pound of Indico dipping what you intend to colour therein when it is very hot To work on yellow Silk white grey or Azure Colour Take a pottle of fair water and a fourth part of Gum-Arabick and half a pottle of faucet Woad an ounce of Arshick and the like quantity of Turmerick ground small and seeth them over a gentle Fire putting a small quantity of Grains therein and so apply it to your use as you see convenient To make a red Water for white Silk or Wool green yellow Violet or Azure Take two quarts of running water and an ounce of Braziel heat them up till half be conlumed then take it off the Fire and put in an ounce of Grains and a quarter of an ounce of Gum Arabick with a quarter of a pound of Alum Powder and suffering it to stand all night in the Morning you may use it To make grey Florey Take Florey and soak it twenty four hours at the end of which wring it through a Cloth then take the Ashes of the Vine and make a Ley with them and spread the Florey for the space of two hours upon a Table and having put the Ley into three Vessels take the Florey and put it into one of the said Vessels and so shift it to the rest putting before you dip your Linen c. Vinegar to it and your Colour will be good To dye Linen with Crampmede Use in this a pound of Crampmede to three Ells of Linen and put it to a gallon and a half of water or so proportionable to the quantity and warm it over the Fire till it appears ready to seeth then add to it two ounces of Galls and so put your Linen into it and as often as you take it out which must be frequent wring it when having a pot of fair water ready heated with Alum dissolved in it put the Linen well wrung into it and so rub it over at the taking out and dry it but if you would have it the darker Colour then is it requisite to have a Ley made with Lime-Stones or unslaked Chalk c. To dye Velvet or other things requiring it the most curious of Blacks Take of Galls two pound Coperas half a pound Smiths water a Gâ—llon the powder of burnt Ivory an ounce and of Oak bark and Shooe-makers black ground to powder the like quantity and two gallons of fair water mix them well together and suffer them to stand in the Sun or some other warm place for the space of thirty days with often stirring about then put your materials therein and as often as you diâ— hang them to dry and your expectation will be answered To make Bran water much used in dying c. Take half a peck of Wheat Bran and two gallons of fair water set them on the Fire giving them a gentle heat which being done put half a pound of Alum powder into it and suffer it to stand a week or more with sometimes stirring it about before you use it To dye Wooll or woollen Yarn Take four pound of Wooll or yarn two pound of Woad putting the Woad into a Kettle to two gallons of water then throw in two handfuls of Wood-Ashes and when it seetheth put your Wool or Yarn into it and let it remain there about half an hour at what time take it out and wring it and put it in again and let it seeth as long as before and then if it be before a brown blue it will be a dark green or if it was white it will be a yellowish colour And thus much
with Colours cold or but like-warm you may dye the feathers upon the backs of Poultry wild fowl hair on Dogs Horses or the like in as much varieties as your Fancy can suggest Another fair red for Skins c. Wet your Skins or Fells in Alum water in which has been dissolved a like quantity of Salt with half as much Lime when being again stretched and dryed take the last of Brewers drink a quart put into it an ounce of Braziel powder a quarter of an ounce of Vermilion and an ounce of Alum-powder thicken them over a gentle Fire by continual stirring and so with a brush or Cloth rub over the Skins at an evenness not laying it thicker on one place than another and so do three times successively suffering them only to dry the mean while and your expectation will be answered To dye Skins a crimson Colour c. Scrape hard soap three ounces and dissolve it in fair water add to that three ounces of Alum boil â—hem over a gentle Fire till the water grow clammy or a little inclining to thickish then put in a few grains of Cochinele half an ounce of Lake two ounces of red lead and a quarter of an ounce of Vermilion and a small piece of Indico mix them well by stirring together and keep them upon a gentle Fire till they are about the thickness of the white of an Egg then having first rubbed your Skin over with Alum-water and suffered it to dry apply this colour as has been directed in the former To colour Skins a light blue or Turkey Colour Take Smalt two ounces red wine a quarter of a pint Alum two ounces Vinegar half a Pint and white starch half an ounce put them over a gentle Fire not suffering them to become over thick and then soaking the Skins with Alum-water and suffering them to dry as usually add to this colouring half a pint of Gum-water tolerably thick and lay it on glazing it over when dry with a polisher To colour a light green Take the Herb called Horse Tail bruise it and add to the juice a small quantity of Verd-grease Alum and Coperas and over a gentle Fire make it into a colour which will prove very pleasant and delightful To dress or cover Leather with Silver or Gold. Take that which is called brown red and grind or move it on a stone with a muller adding water and chalk the latter being dissolved and with it rub or lightly dawb the Skins over till they look a little whitish and then before they are quite dry lay on your Leaf-Silver or Gold placing the Leaves a little over each other that no Intermission be found and when they have well closed with the Leather and are sufficiently dried on rub them over with a polisher made of smooth Ivory or of a Horses Fore-tooth and you will perceive it very splendid Another way of gilding Leather more lasting than the former viz. Take Gleer made or consisting of the whites of Eggs or you may for want of the former make Gum-water and with a brush run over the Leather with either of them which done lay on your Gold or Silver and burnish it over as the former To make Leather shine without any Gold c. Take whites of Eggs Gum-water and powder of Antimony mix them well together by beating and having your Skins well dried lay the mixture on them and do it often till the Leather be quite hid which done let the mixtures dry and then burnish them over and for want of Antimony you may use black Lead CHAP. III. How to recover faded Colours in Cloth or Silk to take Spots Stains Pitch Tar Rosin Grease Wax Oil c. out of Silks Stuffs Woollen or Linen to preserve them from Damage of Worms Moths c. and other matters c. To make Cloth that has lost its Colour recover it and look fresh and bright TAke of unquenched Lime two ounces of the Ashes of the Bark of Oak the like quantity and put them into a quart of fair water mixing them well and suffering a settlement for the space of an hour drawing off the clear part and therewith wash or carry over with a hard brush the Cloth and by twice or thrice carrying it over it will look fair and bright To wash Scarlet that is soiled or greasie Take two ounces of white Tartar beat it finely and heat it over a Fire in a pint of fair water till it be thoroughly dissolved and very hot then suffering it to cool a little take an indifferent hard brush and dip into it rubbing it â—ightly over with the same and by so doing in a short time it will return to its first Estate and Colour To restore Silks of any Colour in the like nature as the former Take an ounce of unslaked Lime and the like quantity of the Ashes of Vine Branches and as much of Oak-Bark mix them well together in fair water and make a kind of a Ley with them over a gentle Fire which being setled take the clear part and with a brush or spunge rub over the faded part and it will in a short time restore it To make a Soap to take Grease Spots or Stains out of Cloth Stuffs Silks c. Take a pound of Roch-Alum burn it well and beat it into Powder add to it the powder of the roots of Florence-flame an herb so called about half a pound and to these add a new laid Egg and two pound and a half of Cake Soap make them up with fair water into round balls and when you are desirous to take out any Spot or Stain wash well the place first with warm water and then lay a laying of this Soap upon it for three or four hours and then wash it off with other warm water and in often so doing they will disappear An other excellent and approved way Take Wood Sorrel and distil it in an Alimbeck with Fumitory and wash the damaged place therewith and it will in frequently so doing restore it A way to take Spots out of Linen or Woolen if coloured Take of the juice of a Limon two spoonfulls one Spoon full of the Juice of an Onion and warm them over the Fire and with them often wash the Spots and they will no more appear How to make a good Ley to take out Spots and Stains viz Put into three pints of Water half a pound of Soap-boilers Ashes and suffer them with daily stirring to remain in it for the space of four days then pour off the clear water then mix it as you see convenient with Fullers Earth and lay it hot on the place and it will with often using effect your desire A very good way to take Spots of Oil out of Cloth. Take Oil of Tartar and mixing it with the powder of a burnt bone apply it to the spot and hold over or upon it a spoon wherein is a live coal and the heat thereof will attract the grease and render
Pear-tree rendering it by plaining as smooth and level as a piece of Paper which done having a dâ—aught of your design you must rub the Wood gently over with a ground of paste made of the finest flower and then fix your draught or copy upon it when suffering it to dry rub the back side of the paper which must be uppermost with your wet finger till you crumble it off so thin that the Print plainly appears upon the Wood as if it had been pa nted or drawn thereon with a pâ—n or pencil Having thus prepared your Wood if it be small fasten it up with coins that it move not unless there be occasion or as the stroaks require and then having a fine small knife in the nature of a Pen-knife but much less and thinner especially for the fine stroaks cut out all the white stroaks and ground and suffer the black ones to stand sharpening the fine stroaks and bringing them to an edge that they may not print black or dull and above all be sure to do it with so light and curious a hand that you break none of them for if so you much deface and injure the Work they not being to be repaired and further observe to leave a good foundation to the stroaks though never so fine at the top least by the force of the Press they break in working You may have your Pattern or Advice if it be new drawn upon the Wood with black orred Lead though the former way is the securest from being rubbed out or injured c. To write or gild with Gold and Silvâ—r an easec and curious method c. If you would have fair Letters appear in Gold or Silver take Gum-armoniack and grind it with a little juice of Garlick and put thereto a few drops of the weak water of Gum-arabick and so make it to the thickness of Ink that you may conveniently write with it and so write or draw what you think convenient and suffer it to dry a little but not too much lest it take not the Gold or Silver nor too little lest it drown them Then lay your Gold or Silver in Leaf upon a Leather Cushion being a piece of Calves skin stuffed with the â—ough side outwards and so with a sharp knife cut it into what proportion you will suitable to what you have written and taking it up with a loose piece of Cotton Wool on which you have breathed cover with it the place intended pressing it down hard and where the Gum-water is it will take it then brush away with other Cotton what it has not taken and being dry burnish it with a piece of polished Ivory and it will appear very splendid To write or gild with liquid Gold or Silver c. Take shell Gold which is made of the raggid edges or câ—ttings of Leaf Gold and when you are desirous to use it put in a little fair water tempering it up with a clean Pencil and lay it on with a Pen or Pencil in what form you please either by way of writing or gilding and when it is dry rub it over with a Dog 's Call's or Horse's Fore-tooth and it will be very shining and pleasant And of this as of the former you may lay on more or less either foâ— the gilding Pâ—cture Frames Coaches Rooms or the like As for lacquering it only consists of carrying a Pencil dipped in rectified Spirits over Leaf Silver which changes it to a gold Colour How to prepare Colours to colour printed Pictures and thereby render them beautiful For a curious Violet Colour take Turnsole being a dye infused into a piece of a linen rag heat it in Vinegar and it will give you the Colour desired after which dissolve in it some Gum-arabick and use it as you see occasion For a curious yellow take Gum-booge and dissolve it in fair Spring water over a gentle fire To make a transparent red take Braziel grind it and heat it over a Fire with small Beer and Vinegar put in a little Powder of Alum and Gum-arabick and suffer it to boil till it taste strong c. For a transparent purple Colour grind Logwood and boil it in all respects as the former For a curious blue take fine Litmos and cut it into small peices lay it for the space of twenty four hours in a weak Lake Gum-water to make which you have been before directed and it will answer your expectations To make a curious green take the juice of rue and a little Verdigrease For a light green take Sap green flower de Biss or tawny green and steep them in fair water To shadow greens sleep Indico and yellow Berries To shadow blues take Litmos and Indico steeping them in the Lees of Sope ashes and use them with Gum water To make a good brown take Ceruse red Lead Pink and English Oker mixing them with Gum-water For an Orange Colour take red Lead and yellow Berries and mix them with Gum-water For a curious flesh Colour take white Lead red Lead and Lake with Gum-water To make a Colour for precious stones take Verdigrease and Varnish for an Emrald Florence Lake for a Ruby and Ultramarine for Sapphire How to colour Map and what is to be observed therein In this case as well as in other printed Pictures is no more than to set them out in their proper Colours which you must accordingly consider as the nature of the thing requires it being impossible to direct in particulars however observe that water must be a faint blue Sky somewhat deeper Trees green Houses in Maps are usually red and ways yellow and green And to these and the rest suit any water Colour you think suitable mentioned in this Book Colouring for Landskips and building at large very proper In Landskips for the saddost Hills use burnt Umber for the lightest put some yellow to it and for other Hills lay Copper green thickened on the Fire or in the Sun and for those further off mix with it some yellow Berries and let the fourth part be done with green Verditer and the furthest and faintest Places with blue Bise for the lightest places use white and shadow it with blue as for the High ways do them with white and red Lead using for Variety yellow Oker shadowing it with burnt Umber and it may likewise be used for sandy Rocks and Hills and as for other Rocks you may lay them with several Colours but at a distance they must appear blue as in the Air as for the water do it with black Verditer and white shadowed with green and with blue Verditer when the banks cast a green shadow upon the water but when the water is dark in the shadows shadow it with Indico blue Verditer and green c. How to colour Building c. In colouring Buildings you must use much variety the better to set them off yet not so as they may appear extravagantly adorned or contrary to the use of this kind but
bruised to powder put to it a considerable quantity of Spring-water and so being boiled up over a quick fire put in the Plate and let it continue for a considerable time To soften Gold or Silver Take sublimate Mercury Sal-Armoniack of each a like quantity and when the Metal of either sort is melted put a small quantity of the phwder into it and so suffer it to operate thereon if Gold put more if Silver less To soften Bone or Ivory Take Bone or Ivory that is hollow and take the Juyces of Alexand. Milfoyl Radish roots Hore-hound and sharp Wine-vinegar and fill the cavity after which lay it near a gentle fire that the heat may infuse and in suffering it so to do in a little time it will mollifie the hard quality Experiments of other Natures viz. How to keep Grapes fresh al the year Cather the Grapes in a fair day when no wet or moisture is upon them cleanse them from those that are any ways perished and let them steep a while in white Muscadine a little warm after which dry them and stop them up in new earthen bottles setting them in a cool place free from the Sun or too much Air and they keep without perishing To make Mellons Cucumbers or such-like Fruit ripen by Art. Boil Wheat bran in Water and a little fine Mould and water the roots of the Plants with it morning and evening setting them in hot beds and covering them from cold and blasts with pots glasses c. To make Trees bear Fruits of any Colour Bore a hole in the body of the Tree at such time as the Sap begins to rise and plug it up close and you will perceive what liquid Colour you put in the same will tincture the Fruit and give it a participation of its hue To kill or drive away Fleas or Buggs Take the Juyce of Rue and the Gall of an Ox mix them together and anoint the post and frame therewith and strow in the Mat Powder of Southern-wood and Wormwood To make one that is very boarse or speaks inwardly have a very clear Voice Take the Flowers of Elder dry them in the Sun and so order it that without taking wet they may be beaten to powder which done keep the Powder in a glass and when you would use it put as much as will lie upon a six-pence into a glass of Wine pretty warm and drink it off To make Letters that will soon vanish Take Aqua-vitae dissolve a little Camphire in it and put to them the Ashes of burnt Straw well mingled or tempered together which for a time will produce a fair Writing but at your pleasure you may wipe it off the Paper or Tablet nor will it be long ere it decays of it self To renew Letters decayed Boil a few Galls in Wine and wipe over the faint Letters with a Spunge dipped in the Juyce and they will appear fresh and in full lustre as when written To renew the Marks in â—nives that are in a manner worn Polish them well with Powder of Emeril and Oyl after that cleanse them with chalk to a brightness then wet the Blades in Lime Juycâ— and Tanners water made with Vitriol and they will cause the marks to appear exact and fair and this way you may damask them How to Grave a Porphory-Marble without an Iron tool Take a small quantity of sublimate Mercury a like quantity of Sal-Armoniacum with as much Verdigrease destil them in a Retort of Glass calcine a small weight of Tin and Fire-stone and some Sal-Gem destilling them over three times in sharp Vinegar and so making a ground of Wax Rosin and Turpentine lay it on the stone as in the case of Etching and when you have drawn with an Iron point what you intend pour on the water and suffer it to continue till it has corroded the stone according to what you drew upon it How to make Water rise by heat c. Let there be a Vessel above either of Brass Clay or Tin and a pipe in the middle of it that may descend into the Water below so fastned that it takes not Air then let the Vessel above be made hot and it will by means of the Air 's being rarefied by the heat attract the water to it CHAP. XI Another Miscellany of rare and eurious Experiments useful profitable and altogether pleasant c. To cause Water contrary to the nature thereof to ascend PRepare a Bason with a pint of Water in it or thereabouts then take an earthen Pot or Jug with a round belly fitted for this service and light a piece of Paper cast it into the Jug flaming then turn quickly the mouth of the Jug downward and set it on the midst of the Bason of water it will suck up all the water if it be not more than it can receive and contain within the belly thereof To carry a Jug or earthen Pot sticking without any thing unto the palm of the hand Take a piece of Paper set it on fire and cast it flaming into the mouth of the Jug presently clap the palm of your hand on the mouth of the said Jug or Pot not hollow but plain and smooth the Jug will not fall from your hand but you may walk many paces and carry the same sticking unto the palm of your hand unless by violence you pluck it away To break a Stick placed upon the brims of two Glasses and not break the Glasses Place the Glasses on a smooth stone of an equal height and put the stick upon them then take a battoon or cudgel and therewith strike upon the midst of the stick perpendicularly or downright so may you break the stick and not hurt the Glasses To take the impression of any Seal Melt a little Brimstone casting in some Ceruse or white Lead put this mixture on the Seal strengthening it with a small piece of Paper a little bigger than the impression is being cold take it off and you will find the print of the Seal thereon How to write a Letter secretly that cannot easily be discovered or suspected 1. Write your mind at large on one side of the Paper with common Ink and on the other side with milk that which you would have secret and when you would make the same legible hold that side which is written with Ink to the fire and the milky Letters will shew blewish on the other side 2. Rule two Papers of one bigness with lines of an equal distance make the one full of Glass windows through which you must write your mind upon the second Paper then fill up the spaces with other words at your pleasure but if all were made to hang together in good sence it would carry the less suspicion Each friend must have one of these cut Papers to read all such Letters for without the Paper it will trouble a good Decypherer to read the Letter Of the Dyal upon the Fingers and the Hand Is not a commodity very agreeable when