by the use of this diet drink let him take a Clyster as often as need requireth and once in seaven dayes let him take some purging medicine that day omitting the diet drink This bole taken in the morning two houres before meat is exceeding good to strengthen the head after due evacuation of the peccant humours viz Conserve of Roses and of Rosemary-flowers of each two scruples of Venice Treacle the weight of both with a little fine Sugar make bole and administer it as before Likewise may Gargarisms be made and used in manner following Take the root of Masterwort a drachme Long-Pepper and Nutmegs halfe a dram Mustard-seed one scruple beat them to powder and put them in a linnen cloth and chew it halfe an hour which will purge the head of grosse and phlegmatique humours Somtimes it is convenient to use Sneezing-Powders and you may make them in this sort Take the Leaves of Marjarom Rosemary and Betony dryed two scruples white Hellebore Cloves Nutmegs Cubeba of each halfe a scruple beat them into fine powder and by the help of a quill provoke sneezing Also a quilt to corroborate and strengthen the Brain may be thus made Take of Wood-Betony dryed one ounce the flowers of Rosemary and Stachas a Drachm Red-rose-leaves two drachms Frankinsence Mastick Benzoin Mace and Cloves of each halfe a Drachme beat them to powder and quilt it in Silk or Linnen and apply it warme I might here reach you to make Plaisters to corroborate the braine to attract or resolve the humours but I forbeare here for brevityes-sake and referr you to its proper place where I shall treat of the making of Plaisters and their uses If the distemper hath its originall from Cholerick humours let him use meats and drinks that are naturally cold and moist it is convenient that the humours be prepared quenched and concocted for which purpose you may use this medicine following Sirrup of Violets one ounce of Water-Lillies halfe an ounce distilled waters of Endive Succory and Lettuce of each one ounce mix them and drink it in the morning fasting the humours thus concocted and made mild and obedient unto nature may the better be removed by purging medicines To which purpose take fine Rubarb two drachms Spickuard one scruple cut small and infused in the distilled water of Endive Succory and buglosse of each one ounce for the space of twelve houres dissolve therein a drachme of the electuary of the juyce of Roses and make a purging potion Pills of Reubarbs and Alephangina may be safely used in this case the dose is a scruple or halfe a drachme taken at night going to bed Pill aureae or golden Pills taken halfe a drachm in the morning purgeth cholerick and other offensive humours from the head Clysters in this case profiteth much Take of the decoction for a Clyster before described adde one ounce of Cassia fistula Hiera picra halfe an ounce oyle of Roses one ounce Salt halfe a drachme mix them and make a Clyster After purging of the Cholerick humour it is convenient to coole and strengthen the head by outward medicines oyle of Roses and oyle of Cammomell mixed with a little white-Wine-Vinegar is good to anoint the head but if there need greater cooling you may adde to the oyles juyce of Housleek Purslane Nightshade or Sorrell If the sick cannot sleep anoint the forehead with oyle of Water Lillies and Poppy If the symptomes declare wind to be the cause let the Patient eschue all meats that do breed windinesse empty the belly with Clysters that are made of such things as do naturally dissolve windinesse viz. The seeds of Annise Sweet Fennell Carraway and Comin of each one ounce boile them in a quart of posset-drink till halfe be wasted streine it and adde to the liquor Catholicon and diaphaenicon of each halfe an ounce This Clister doth not only purge the intestines and those parts about the Liver but also pulleth back those vapours which ascend to the Head To the outside of the Head may be applyed repulsive medicines as Vinegar Wormwood Melilot Mints Pomegranate-rinds Shephards Pouch Purslane Lawrell Nutmeggs c After a moderate use of these adde medicines that have power to mitigate concoct and digest as Camomell Linseed Fenugreek Saffron yelks of Eggs Hens and Goose-grease Lastly apply medicines that have power to discusse viz meale of Lupines and Barley Lilly-roots Nigella oyles of Dill and Rew. CHAP. III. Of the Frensie THe Frensie is an inflammation of the braine and membranes thereof caused by the abundance of blood or choler occupying those parts it differeth from madnesse in this that a fever is joyned to the Frensie Some that are thus grieved do erre much in imagination others are acute in imagination but want judgment to regulate their cogitations and some are deprived of memory Symptoms and Signes They who are thus greived are in a continuall Fever are mad and cannot sleep Somtimes they sleep and are much troubled therein They often rub their eyes which are red and somtimes dry somtimes afflicted with a hot rhume The tongue is rough sometimes they bleed at Nose they snatch and catch at the bed-clothes their Pulse is weak and hard like the motion of a sinew they breathe seldome If choler be the cause of the I hrensie they rage very furiously and can scarcely be ruled if blood be the cause they somtimes laugh and rejoyce This disease according to the opinion of the wisest Physitians for the most part is deadly and incurable The Cure For the cure of this distemper the blood or cholet afflicting the braine must be discussed pulled back repelled and evacuated so that the distemper of the head be removed the strength of the head and of the whole body be preserved It is convenient as soon as the disease is discovered to open a Veine having first administred a Clyster thus made Take of the Leaves of Violets Mallows Endive Beets and Lettuce of each one handfull of the root of Marsh-Mallows an ounce of the flowers of water-Lillies and the tops of Dill of each halfe a handfull let them be boiled in a sufficient quantity of Barley-water then streined out to a pint of this decoction dissolve Cassia newly drawne Sirrup of Violets Diaprunum Lenitive of each halfe an ounce browne Sugar one ounce and make a Clyster You must soone after the Patient hath had a stoole open the Cephalick or Head-Veine but if blood do abound open the Basilick or Liver-veine or the middle Veine first and after a while breathe the cephalick Vein If you find that suppression of Menstrues or the hemorrhoid hath been the cause of the distemper you may first open the Veine under the Ancle called Saphaena and afterwards open the Cephalick Veine If the age and strength of the Patient forbid not you must bleed him often in the Cephalick Vein if the body be weak open the Veine under the Ancle be sure not to draw too much blood at once least the sick faint
Sugillatio Sometimes the Cornea is made yellow by the Jaundise All these Diseases are easily discovered and their causes are laid down in the Description That which cometh after a Wound or Ulcer and is a Scar is not easily cured But the cure of the Pin and Web consists in Emollients attenuating and discussing medicines But the Antecedent cause must first be removed by universal evacuations such as are described in the 10. and 11. Chapters Then you must soften the hard matter with the decoction of Fenugreek Mallows Melilot Celendine Fenel and the like Then let a Child chew sweet Fenel-seed and afterwards liek the eye or make a Water thus Take of Honey a pint the juyce of Fenel-Brooklime and Celendine of each half a pint Sugar-candy dissolved in the juyces an ounce with the natural Balsome a scruple clarifie them together or distil them in Balneo Mariae and drop it into the eye The seed of Oculus Christi put into the eye is good If it be a scar after the use of the former medicines use the Water of Honey afterwards put a quantity of the Gall of an Ox to the Juyces before spoken of and thicken it with Gum-Traganth If the Eye be blood-shod and yieldeth not to the fore-going medicine you must seek its cure in the Chapter of the Cataract As for the yellowness of the Eyes caused by the Jaundise take away the cause and the effect ceaseth CHAP. XIV Of the Inflammation of the Eyes THis Disease is called Ophthalmia which is an inflammation of the Tunicle Adnata and is sometimes extended to the Cornea By the Latines it is called Lippitudo bloodshontess This Disease is divided into three kinds the first is called Taraxis by the Greeks and by the Latines Conturbatio and it cometh from an external cause viz. the Sun Smoke Oyl Dust or the like If it comes from an internal cause namely from distempers of the stomach it is called Phlogosis and is a light inflammation but is the Original of the true Ophthaliny which always proceeds from an internal cause accompanied with tumour redness and pain and a thick Exerement called Lippa from whence the Latines call it Lippitudo or bloodshotness The third sort is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in in Latine also Chimosis this is attended with vehement pain and the eye-lids are so inverted that they can scarcely cover the eye the red covereth most part of the Iris and it proceedeth from repletion and flegmy humours I might here shew you how Hippocrates hath divided these Diseases namely a moist and dry Ophthalmy the moist I have already spoken of the dry he calleth 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 it wanteth humidity and proceedeth from Choler and adust Melaneholy there are other subdivisions if there be itching joyned with it he calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and if it come with hardness of the eye-lids 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Galen mentions another which he calleth Ophthalmia Tabida which ends with a Consumption and loss of the eye this happeneth to them who have moist heads and weak eyes sit to receive a defluxion The immediate causes are defluxion or congestion and sometimes both The defluxion cometh from the head either by the internal veins which comes from the brain under the skull or by the external veins which come from the Pericranium to the Eyes These signs demonstrate the Disease and the cause thereof if redness appear without swelling it is a Contâ—rbation If swelling heat and tears be joyned to the redness then is it a perfect Ophthalmy but if it cover the black of the eye and invert the eye-lids then it is called Chimosis If blood abound and cause the distemper the eye and face will be red and the veins swelled If Choler be the cause the Patient feeleth a pricking pain sharp tears which corrode the cheeks and corners of the eyes If it proceed from Flegme the pain is heavy many slâ—my and glutinâ—…tious tears If Melancholy cause the grief the tumour is but small the colour of a dusky redness few tears the humour thick the constitution of the Patient melancholy If the defluxion come from the internal parts of the head the pain will be felt inwardly and about the roots of the eyes if through the exterior vessels the contrary signs appear the veins of the forehead are distended and there is much shooting about the Temples For the cure the external causes must be removed the antecedent causes evacuated revelled and repelled the conjunct cause derived and discussed and the parts affected strengthned Let the Patient observe an orderly and temperate Diet and eat such things that are of easie disgesture let him avoid all sharp and salt things and such as fume up to the head and such things as breed Choler Let him abstain from strong drink let most of his drink be Barley water Let him avoid all motion let him lie still as long as he is able and sleep as long as he can Let him keep his eyes shut and what ever you do endeavour to keep his body soluble Phlebotomy for the most part is convenient but let it be regulated and moderated according to the constitution strength age and sex of your Patient and nature of the Disease If the body be Plethorick and the Disease hath its original from blood you must take away the greater quantity for Galen in his book de curat per sang mis reiateth how one was cured of an Ophthalmy by bloed-letting first three pound and four hours after one pound understand this onely in the case before mentioned though I could instance many cases more cited by eminent Authors and Fathers of Physick yet let this serve for all to avoid prolixity If onely one eye be affected bleed your Patient on the contrary side If you finde a stoppage of any accustomed evacuations viz. the Terms or Hemorroid veins if the first be stopped open the Saphaena if the other bleed them with Leeches To make revulsion some do apply Cupping-glasses to the shoulders and back others open the veins of the head and temples sometimes the veins or the corners of the eyes and behind the ears and some bleed these veins by Leeches all which are very profitable for derivation When you have bled and made sufficient revulsion you must purge the humour that offendeth and causeth the blood to be inflamed but first let the humours be prepared then purge gently and often and if you see occasion after all this you may purge more strongly Prepare the humours thus Take of Endive Succory and Fumitory of each one handful Red. Rose leaves one ounce of the greater Cold-seeds half an ounce Of Lettice and Poppy-seeds of each two scruples boil them in a quart of Spring water to the consumption of half shrein it and with Sirrup of Violets two ounces and Sirrup of Fumitory one ounce make a Julep for three potions afterwards you must administer such medicines as have power gently to carry away the peccant
with a defluxion of humors otherwise heat is freindly to those Nervous and Membranous parts The cold matter which causeth pain is Flegme water or cold wind either coming from without or from some inferiour part within The hot matter is Choler or blood There may be other evident causes of pain as wounds Contusions Ulcers or breaking of an impostume or any hard or pricking thing got into the Eare. You may judge the distemper to be from cold if a cold cause hath preceded and hot medicines profit the contrary declareth a hot distemper If Flegme cause the paine the Eare and Head will be heavy some Rhume falleth upon some other part the distemper is taken in cold wether or the Patient is old If wind be the cause the paine is without heavinesse nor is it constant If water causeth the pain the Patient is troubled with a sharp defluxion upon the Teeth Eyes Breast c. If it come from Choler the paine is sharp and pricking cold things give ease the body is Cholerick c. An inflammation is accompanied with a great heating paine the parts adjacent are very red and there is joyned a Fever A wound maketh it self known by blood issuing out at the Eare and an Ulcer by filth But somtimes there issueth filth from an Impostume in the braine but this may be distinguished by Head ach preceding and other signes of Impostume the filth cometh away in great abundance at first and decreaseth by degrees If an Ulcer follow an Impostume in the Eare the symptomes of an Impostume going before declareth it If the Ulcer come by defluxion there is a burning and shooting paine and the matter issueth forth by little and constantly If the Ulcer be in the bone the matter is thin and yellow and hath continued long the deeper the Ulcer is the more matter issueth the fouler it is the more and thicker is the matter If it be Virulent the matter is thin if putrid it stinketh much if it corrode blood accompanieth the matter If it continue very long it groweth Fistulous and then the matter is Virulent and the flesh groweth hard If the distemper proceed from a cold cause with or without matter you must use the medicines prescribed for the cure of deafnesse especially fomentations and fumes with warme oyles dropt into the Eare and if it be with matter you must evacuate and purge the humor If the distemper come from a hot cause without matter use cooling Topicks If it hath a Cholerick matter you must revel the humor by Phlebotomy and with cooling drinks and Juleps allay the preternaturall heat of the Liver but this having dependancy to the diseases of the head proceding from a hot cause also to the inflammation of the Eare I leave the ingenious there to seek the Cure The inflammation of the Eare is cured by making revulsion after the administration of an Emollient Clister by blood-letting and this must be done in as great a quantity as the violentnesse of the disease requireth and the strength age and constitution of the Patient permitteth open the Head-Vein on the same side the inflammation is If the stoppage of the Termes hath been prejudiciall open the Saphaena or the Hemorrhoids if you see occasion Revulsions by frictions and ligatures of the Armes and Thighs Cupping the Shoulders and Back with or without scarifications are often successefull a Cupping-glass fixed behind the Eares with Scarification hath been attended with admirable successe and Horsleeches applyed to the same place hath been no lesse effectuall If you find the Cure difficult the opening of the Arteries in the Temples is good to prevent hot and windy bloud which doth much feed the inflammation you must often purge Choller and temper the Humours with cooling Juleps thus Take of Lettice Purflane and Sorrel Water of each two ounces the Water of Plantane and Succory of each three ounces of Syrup of Lemons two ounces the Syrup of Erratick Poppies one ounce mixe them and make a Julep take sour spoonsuls morning and evening You may foment the Ear with the decoction of cooling and piercing Hearbs and let the Patient receive the same with a Funnel then come to the use of Topicks which have power to mitigate pain thus Take of Breast milk two Ounces the Oyl of Roses and Water-Lillies of each one ounce and an half the Water of an Ashen stick before mentioned one ounce the White of an Egg beaten to water half an ounce mixe them and drop some into the Ear after you have formented and famed it If you would have it repelling add Vinegar of Roses to it but use it with moderation lest you drive the Humours to the Brain If the vehemency of the pain constrain you to make use of stupefactive Medicines mixea scruple of Opium or an ounce of Oyl of Poppy seeds with your former Medicine but be careful also in the use of this lest you offend the Brain If you see occasion for resolving Medicines the Oyls of Camomil Dill sweet Almonds and Violets all or either of them may be mixed with your aforesaid Medicine If after all this you find that the Imposthume will come to suppuration you must help Nature therein thus Take the leaves of Mallows Nightshade Camomel and Dill of each one handful bruise them well in a STONE-MORTAR boil them in a quart of milk to the consumption of half add the Musilage of Line-seed Fleabane and Fenugreek seeds of each one ounce Ducks and Hens Grease of each one ounce the Oyl of Camomel Roses and Violets of each one ounce with the crum of White Bread as much as is sufficient make a Cataplasm and apply it After the Imposthume is broken and the Matter run out you must apply cleansing Medicines viz. Mixe Barley water and Honey of Roses and drop it into the Ear. If the Humour be sharp and cause an Ulcer you must after the use of needful Purgings necessary bleeding and all requisite Evacuations make use of cleansing and drying Topicks Take of the juyce of Reets and sow-Bread of each one ounce Horehound Smallage and Wormwood of each half an ounce Myrrh and Frankincense of each half a drachm Saffron and Verdegreece of each one scruple White Wine and Honey of each four Ounces boil it and scum it till the Wine be consumed then drop of it into the Ear 2 or 3 times in a day After you have well cleansed it you must come to cicatrize it Take of the Powder of Galls and Burnt Allum of each one drachm Frankincense and Myrrh of each half a drachm Gum of Juniper and Sarcocol of each one seruple make them into fine Powder and mixe them with White-Wine and drop it into the Bar. If you find that it is sed by defluxion you must labour to divert the deflaxion as you are taught in the 9th Chapter of this Book If the Ulcet be very foul you must mixe Unguentum Aegyptiacum and the Rust of Iron powdered with White-Wine and drop it into
and commeth up with pain That which comes from the Gullet and Stomack is known by Vomitting from the Jaws and Wezand by Hawking from the Mouth by simple spetting Sometimes the Blood is sent from some other part to the Lungs and spet forth but this may be known by pain or some hurt happened there You must judge of the signes from the quantity or quality of the Blood the Nineteenth Chapter will instruct you To the Prognostick Hippocrates saith that what kind of Blood soever is spit from any of the inferiour parts is evil for every opening of a Vessel which letteth out Blood is dangerous especially in the Lungs But sometimes it happeneth without hurt when nature critically doth evacuate superfluous Blood that way as it is seen sometimes in women who have their courses stopt You must begin the cure with Blood-letting open a Vein on the same side you judge the distemper to be If there be obstruction of the Termes open the Saphaena If your Patient is subject to the Hemorrhoids Bleed with Leeches Cupping or other Revulsions you may use if occasion be Then purge Choller which causeth the Blood to be thin and fluid with Rubarb Mirabolans and the like Then give Medicines a stringent to close the Orifice of the Vessels but at the first give such things with them which have an expectorating quality lest Blood in the breast or other parts out of the proper Vessels should be coagulated Take of Conserve of Roses and the juice of Purslane of each two ounces Sugar of Roses one ounce Red Coral Blood-stone Bolearmenick and Terra Sigillata of each half a dram Troches of Amber a scruple the Oyle of Vitriol six drops with the Whites of eggs beaten to Water make a Lohock of which let the Patient lick often especially Night and Morning Quercetan prescribeth a Water excellent against spitting of Blood see the fourth part of this Treatise among Distilled Waters The Chymical Oyle of Amber two or three drops hath an excellent astringing quality take it in the Distilled Water of Knorgrass or Plantane or the like so you may take or give half a drachm of Sanguis Draconis or the Blood stone alone finely powdered out two scruples Opium Laudanum Philonium Romanum and Persicum These and such like may be given provided the dose be regulated by an able brain the juice of Nettles drunk four or five ounces in the Morning hath prevailed when all other have failed saith Amatus Lucitanus If by the use of Astringent medicines your Patient be costive give a Clister or purge that leaves an Astringency behind it and if the use of Astringents hinder spitting mix those things which doe not only stop Blood but mollifie the breast also such are the juyces of Plantane Purslane the Sirrups of dryed Roses Quinces Myrtles and of jujubes Gum Arabick Traganth and Starch and such like If Blood be congealed in the breast indeavour to dissolve it by administring six ounces of Oxycrate three times a day if it cause Coughing sweeten it with Sugar or Sugar Candy Apply this cooling Epithem to allay the heat of the Liver if you see occasion Take of the Water of Rose Plantane and Succory of each four ounces Vinegar of Roses two ounces of the powder called Diatrion Santalen a drachm and an half Camphire one scruple make an Epitheme apply it warme to the Liver afterwards anoint with unguentum Rosarum and Rose Vinegar Anoint the reins with Oyle of Roses and Water Lillys and the Testicles with Oxycrate If a Defluxion of sharp humors from the head unto the Lungs be the cause of the Disease seek the cure in the ninth Chapter When the Blood is stanched let your Patient avoid all things that may cause a returne thereof as Salt and spiced meats rich Wines great heat anger and violent exercise If you judge him inclinable to the Distemper by reason of thin Cholerick humors mixed with the Blood purge those humors at the Spring and Fall CHAP. XXXI Of the Consumption or Ptisick This Disease is called in Latine Tabes and in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which although it signifieth every Consumption yet is most properly taken for the extenuation of the whole Body caused by an Ulcer in the Lungs An Ulcer in the Lungs by reason of its nearnesse to the heart afflicts it with putrid vapours the heart disperseth it into all parts hence commeth a Feaver hectick joyned with a putrid and by its unnatural heat does hinder the well concocting of nourishment hence the whole Body decayeth Sometimes sharp corroding and Salt humors falling from the head or the Suppurated humors from the Pleurisie or Empyema which humors putrifying upon the Lungs may Ulcerate them Many times the cause is in the Lungs themselves which have a vitious hereditary constitution naturally tender and disposed to corruption Sometimes a Pustule is bred in the Lungs and never breaketh but groweth till it stop the passage of the breath and killeth the Patient Sometimes it commeth to Suppuration and is called the Imposthume of the Lungs which being broken and flowing to the Bronchia or passages in the Lungs it may be spit up if the body be strong and the matter little in quantity but many times an Ulcer remaineth which causeth a Consumption If the Impostumated matter flow into the Ventricle of the heart the sick dye sudainly and many times insensible of any pain or sicknesse take examples from Fernelius lib. 5. de partium morbis et Sympt Chapter 10 Pag. 288. To the causes of this Disease here mentioned you may adde all the causes mentioned in the ninth Chapter of Defluxions Hippocrates mentioneth many more kinds of Consumptions too tedious for me to insert in this Volume as those proceeding from nocturnal pollutions the running of the Reins also the obstruction of the Nerves or the flowing of Choler to the Back so of nourishment or drying causeth a Consumption likewise a Distillation from the head to the Marrow on the back may be the cause as Hippocrates faith when a Defluxion falleth upon the Spinal Marrow there is a secret and undisernable Consumption Sometimes it hath its original from hunger and want of nourishment Sometimes when the Meseraick Veins are obstructed that the Chylus Concocted in the stomach cannot passe to the Liver In the Diagnostick we must observe the signes of a Consumption beginning begun or confirmed Signes of a Consumption beginning are a small Defluxion the Lungs not much hurt thereby the Cough but small the spittle Sweet Salt or Bitter the body a little Feverish The signes of a Consumption begun the Distillation is stronger the Lungs pierced by which the Lungs are exasperated and the Cough violent The matter contained in the Lungs maketh the stomach weighty a sharp pain before and behind from the humors suppurating sharp and hearing humors fall into the body and sometimes into the Veins causing a hective Feaver sometimes joyned with a Putrid The Lungs by contracted Filth grow hot
Patient be weak and indisposed to Vomits give often Clisters or purge the Body with this or the like Pills Take de Aloe lota three Drachms yellow Myrabolans and Rubarb in Powder of each half a Drachm red Sanders and prepared Coral of each one Scruple with the Sirrup of Roses solutive make them into a Mass give a Drachm every other or third day and if the Sick be weak give but half so much If the Vomiting be violent give two Scruples and an half of Cochie the lesse with three grains of Laudanum in the morning Then you must strengthen the Stomach with the sirrup or conserve of Quinces conserve of Roses Mastick in a small quantity sirrup of Mints Plantane water made sowr with Oyl of Vitriol c. All these strengthen the Stomach and stay Vomiting of which you may make Medicines in divers forms Foment the Stomach with a sponge dipt in Plantane water Rose water and Rose Vinegar But First boil in the water a handful of Mints Or apply this following Cataplasm Take of Marmalade of Quinces or Quinces boiled soft in Rose water or Vinegar four Ounces the roots of Bâ—stort and Tormentill of each two Drachms Mastick Moce and Nutmegs of each two Scruples Sowr Leaven halfe a pound with the juice of Mints and Vinegar make a Cataplasm and apply it If your Patient vomit Blood the Causes and Sâ—gnes you may find in the 19 and 30 Chap. and the Medicines prescribed in the 30 Chap. Of Spitting of Blood ordered by an able Head-peece may perform the Cure CHAP. XL. Of Cholera 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Greek and Cholerica Passio in Latine is a Disease violently sending forth by Vomit Stool sharp and cholerick Humours this Disease is a symptom of the expulsive Faculty being hurt by Meats not well concocted and if the retentive Faculty be also in fault the Disease is the worse and more violent Some will have two sorts of Choller a moist and a dry A moist is that which hath relation to what hath been said The dry is more rare and cometh from a windy spirit produced in the Stomach by the fiery Heat of the Part corrupting the Meat or by Meats which are Rank and Windy and this is the opinion of Hippocrates himself Sennertus from the Hermetical doctrine addeth another Cause viz. Salt and adust Humours in the Hypochonaria which grow hot by the mixture of another Humour and demonstrateth it by the mixing of Aqua fortis and Oyl of Vitriol with Salt of Tartar which produce very flatuous Spirits So that the immediate Causes of this Disease are cholerick burnt sharp salt or rotten Humours in the Stomach Bowels Spleen Mesentery or some Nourishment of an evil Quality or some strong Medicine or Poyson taken The signes of this Disease are often and plentiful Evacuations of cholerick sharp and corrupted Humours by Vomit and Stool swelling with Wind Thirst and a Gnawing of the Stomach and Guts a Loathing which is appeased a little with cold Drink which is soon after cast up The Pulse is small and unequal Sweating with Convulsion of extream Parts Swooning and such dangerous Symptoms It is easily discovered whether the Cause come by some violent Medicine Poyson or offensive Diet. The internal Causes are known by the Quality of the Humours that are ejected If there be a continual Loathing and Gnawing the Disease is in the Stomach If a malignant Feaver be joyned it is in the Veins If it hath its original from some evil Food there is hopes that when the Matter is cast forth the Disease will end If it be very violent it is dangerous I had almost said desperate for the greater the Convulsions Swoonings and Coldnesse of the extream Parts be the nearer is Death at hand In the beginning of the Cure you may help forward Evacuations with gentle cooling and cleansing Clisters thus Take of Milk half a pint Sirrup of Violets and Lettice of each one ounce The Oyles of Roses and water Lillyes of each halfe an ounce The yelks of two new laid Eggs well beaten mix them and give it Or you make a Clister with Chicken Broth or Oxycrate It is good to open a Vein by which means the burnt and boiling Blood may be cooled revelled and asswaged but do it with discretion twice or thrice if the strength be not impaired by the first You must endeavour to qualify the sharpness of the Humours thus Take of the waters of Plantane Purslan and Mint of each two Ounces Sirrup of Quinces and dried Roses of each one Ounce Sirrup of Vinegar half an Ounce mix them and dissolve therein two Scruples of Theriack Andromachi and six drops of the Oyl of Vitriol give now and then a Spoonful But if the Patient hath someease and the Symptomes abate or appear not beware lest they suddenly return and destroy the Patient as it sometimes happeneth in this case Therefore nourish him and strengthen his Stomach with this restoring Opiate Take of the Gelly of Harts-horn made with Canary Wine four Ounces of the Conserves of Roses Burrage Bugloss and Clove-Gilliflowers of each one Ounce Confectio Alchermes half an Ounce Citron Barks and Nutmegs candied of each three Drachms the Essence of Cloves Mace Nutmegs and Cinnamon of each three drops with the Sirrup of Clove-Gilliflowers make an Opiate of which let the Patient take often the Quantity of a hazel Nut and more Mornings and Evenings To conclude the Medicines prescribed in the last Chapter against cholerick Vomitings may be useful here CHAP. XLI Of Pain in the Stomach Dolor Ventriculi or Pain in the Stomach is caused by naughty venemous and gnawing Humours contained therein the Ancients made this distinction viz. that if the upper Orifice of the Stomach which is of exquisite sense by reason of the great Nerve which it hath from the fifth Conjugation be affected the Pain is very sharp which maketh the Heart the most Noble part and near unto it sensible of the same from thence it is called Cardialgia But if the Membranes of the Cavity or lower Orifice called Pyloras be affected it is called Dolor Ventriculi or Colica Ventriculi especially if it comes of Wind. The Cause of this Disease is either Worms gnawing the Tunicles of the Stomach or Wind lodged in the Cavity of the Stomach which causeth Swelling and painful Distension or sharp and malignant Humours therein contained as salt Phlegm green and black Choller whose sharp Vapours cause Pain corrupt Matter from an Imposthume of the Liver or the Breast Diseases of the Stomach and the Parts adjoyning evil Humours from the whole Body in Feavers Choller from the Liver Melancholy from the Spleen and salt Phlegm from the Head all these may be the Causes of this Evill The external Causes may be evil and corrupt Nourishment or Meats that are too hot that breed Wind or Choller Meat taken in too great a Quantity Poyson strong sharp and deadly Medicines not well corrected Diagnostick Signes are thus taken
Vlcer You must parge the Humours which flow to the part affected with gentle Medicines such as are prescribed in the Chapter aforegoing If there be Repletion or Inflammation in the part let Phlebotomy be used Evacuate the Humours by gentle purgers mentioned in the Chapter aforegoing Mercuvius Dulcis doth cleanse and heal the Vlcer Turpentine is a good cleanser It is good for the Patient to vomit often After due Evacuations you must use cleansers as the Milk of Cows Goats or Asses which are very good and cleanse with their wheyie part and heal with their cheezie but give it not in a Feaver Let the Patient drink Water and Sugar thin Hydromell or Barly Water In Hydromell if there be a Feaver boil the cold Seeds Mallows Liquorish c. Waters that spring from Allum and Iron Mines are good for they correct the Heat and cleanse the Ulcer The Decoction of China Guajacum Sarsaparilla and the like is good to dry up the Humours to purge the crude Matter in them that have the French Pox and have no Feaver nor Flux of Blood But lest the Bowels should be inflamed give cooling Broths at Night After the use of cleansers you may see by the Vrine when the Vlcer is cleansed viz. when it appeareth white and clean without any dreggy or filthy Matter then you must give astringing glutinating and healing Medicines Take of Conserve of Roses four Ounces Bolearmenick Terra Sigillata red Coral and Sanguis Draconis of each two Drachms the Seeds of Lettice Purslane and Plantane of each one Drachm red Roses and Shavings of Ivory of each two Scruples with Sirrup of Comphry make an Opiate Or you may make of it a Masse for Pills with Venice Turpentine or if that cause pain with the Juyce of Liquorish Chymists do much commend Antimonium Diaphoreticum Mercurius Dulcis Diaphoreticus To allay the vehemency of the pain you must sometimes mix Anodines with your Medicines as Laudanum the Sirrup of Poppyes and the Emulsion of the cold Seeds Outwardly foment the Region of the Kidneys thus Take of Camomil Mallows Melilot Pellitory of the Wall and Violets of each one Handfull the Roots of Marsh-Mallows and water-Lillyes of each two Ounces the Seeds of Flax Fenugreek and Winter-Cherryes of each three Drachms make a Decoction and foment the part Then apply this Liniment Take of the Oyl of Violets and Sweet Almonds of each one Ounce and an half Oyl of Roses one Ounce of the Musilage made of the Seeds of Marsh-Mallows and Fenugreck of each two Ounces Saffron one Scruple make a Liniment If the Ulcer be in the Bladder you must make an Injection twice in a day with new Milk Whey Hydromel or Barly Water with Hony of Roses to cleanse afterwards add Astringers and Driers as the white Trochts of Rhasis or of Gordonius or boil in Whey or Barly-water the Roots of Comphry Allum Mirth Tragacanth and the like CHAP. LXVI Of extraordinary Pissing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Diabetes is a quick and plentifull making of Water after which followeth violent Thirst and a wasting of the whole Body The Cause of this Disease is a hot Distemper of the Reins which draweth Water violently from the Veins which causeth a great Thirst after drink which as soon as it is taken is carried to the Reins where burthening the retentive Faculty and provoking the expulsive it is soon sent to the Bladder Some attribute it to choletick sharp and salt Humours in the Kidneys which draw Water thither as such Humours which stick to the Tunicles of the Stomach in Feavers cause Thirst Others will not admit of this opinion because the Kidneys onely suffer in this Disease and that Choller and other burnt Humours are first bred in the Liver They say there is a venemous Quality bred in the Kidneys Galen himself is of this opinion that divers kinds of Poisons may breed in the Body of Man In Lybia there is a Serpent called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Dipsacos which name the Greeks give this Disease from the unquenchable Thirst with which it is accompanied which Serpent if he biteth any man infecteth him with such a Poyson as begets an unquenchable Thirst The Signes of this Disease are clear from what hath been said viz. An unquenchable Thirst an extraordinary Pissing and voiding the Drink as soon almost as it is drunk and a Decay of the whole Body This Disease is deadly if it be not taken in the beginning and the Patient yong for it brings a Consumption If you judge the Patient curable you must labour to allay the hot Distemper of the Kidneys to correct their poysonous Quality to thicken the Humours which flow to them and to strengthen them First give mollifying and asswaging Clisters and purge if you see occasion as you are taught in the Chapter Of the Inflammation of the Kidneys Gentle Vomits do evacuate and draw the Humours from the Ureters If nothing forbid open a Vein in the Arm. To correct the Distemper and thicken the Humours make a Julep thus Take of the distilled Water or the Decoction of Plantane four Ounces of Lettice Poppy and Purslane of each two Ounces the Sirrup of Myrtles Comphry and Quinces of each one Ounce the Sirrup of Poppyes half an Ounce the Spirit of Vitriol twenty Drops mix them and make a Julep If you will have a Medicine more astringent or binding thus Take of the Seeds of Plantane Purslane and Coriander prepared of each one Ounce the Flowers of red Roses Pomegranats and yellow Mirabolans of each half an Ounce Nutmegs half a Drachm Corall and Pearl prepared burnt Harts Horn Bolearmenick and the Roots of Tormentill of each one Scruple make them into Powder Or if you please make them into a soft Electuary with the Sirrup of Myrtles Comphry or Quinces The Milk of Asses Cows Goats or Sheep is good especially if Flints be often quenched therein Sweating is a good Remedy if it be provoked by outward means or with China Sarsa and such mild Medicines for it drives the watry Humour outward but beware of strong Medicines least they purge by Urine and encrease the Distemper Outwardly foment the Loyns with things which cool and bind as the roots of Sorrel Plantane Pomegranate-peels Sumath Seeds c. boiled in Vinegar afterwards anoint with the Vnguent of Roses Sanders and Comitissa CHAP. LXVII Of involuntary Pissing THis Disease consisteth in the hurting of the retentive Action of the Bladder Some are subject to this Distemper while they are awake which is the worst Others are subject to it sleeping onely which is not so bad because then the animall Functions are lesse excercised There are two Causes of this Distemper First the Weaknesse and Loosenesse of the Sphincter Muscle of the Bladder Or Secondly the exquisite Sense of the Bladder and the Sharpnesse of the Urine which stirreth up the expulsive Faculty with consent of the Will The first Cause is apparent in sucking Children weak people and such whose
the defects and Eclipses of the Sun and Moon and unusuall Meteors especally blazing Starrs Above all causes let us not be unmindfull of the strict severe Judgment of God for the sinnes of Mankind For many times he is pleased to punish our Sins and Offences by this Judgment as the Scriptures do frequently prove To these non-naturall causes afore mentioned we must add the Retention of Womens Courses the Haemorrhoids in men or some usuall Evacuation Idlenesse or too much Sleep Anger Sadnesse or other Passions of the mind Signes that shew the Pestilence approaching are taken from the presence of Causes before mentioned Those Bodyes are disposed to receive pestilentiall Infection which have collected evill Juyces and Diet and have had a praeposterous use of the non-naturall things afore specifyed The cheif Signes which shew the Body to be infected the Hâ—art is much afflicted Cardialgia and Heart-burning and pain about the Mouth of the Stomach sometimes great Thirst exceeding the Measure of the Patient's Heat somtimes Want of Thirst yet a vehement Feaver and Drinesse of the Tongue Want of Appetire and abhorring of all Meat and vomiting up what ever Food Drink Juleps or Emulsions is given and their Thirst continue and the Tongue black A frequent and inordinate shivering which comes divers times in a day Wearinesse and Heavinesse of the whole Body Pains of the Head Watchings and Ravings Some are very drousy and sleepy then judge that the Brain is full of phlegmatick Excrements To some there happen cholerick Fluxes which stink very much Frequent Sweats small short and unprofitable do break forth the Heat is mild and gentle to the Feet because the Disease is caused rather by a malignant and venemous Quality then by Putrefaction Rednesse of the eyes and sometimes a frowning or a furious look Sometimes abmndance of Worms are voided which shew a great Putrefaction The Urine is sometimes like the Urine of a sound man if a malignant Quality doth rather offend then Putrefaction sometimes it appeareth thick troubled and high coloured and hath a thick red and scattered Sediment On some purple Spots like Flea-bitings Carbuncles and Risings in the Groin behind the Ears and under the Atmpits Those Spots upon the Bodyes of the dead which are of a Lead-colour or black do especially denote the Pestilence No certain Prognostick can be drawn of this Discase therefore the discreet Physitian ought to suspend his Judgment of the issue thereof For many have died notwithstanding many hopes and testimonyes of recovery and on the contrary many have escaped with most mortall signes Yet it is lawfull for the Phisitian to give his conjecture thus If the Pulse keep a Tenor and equality there is some hopes on the contrary if it be inordinate unequall and contracted it is dangerous If the Pulse be like the Pulse of an healthy person it is dangerous because it is a sign that Nature doth not labour to concoct the Humours for her own deliverance Raving is not dangerous if it be lessened by Sleep but if it turn to dotage and continue there is little hope Contractions convulsive and trembling Motions are deadly for it shews that the Brain is mortally wounded and that Nature is overcome by the Disease Deafnesse at the beginning is dangerous but in the state of the Disease it is not so for many times health follows Sneezing is laudable Heart-burnings Hiccoughs and extream Loathing do portend danger and that the Stomach is over mastered by the Malignant quality of the Humours Suppression of all Evacuations in the beginning and state of the Disease is good provided that the Malignity doth not settle in the head or near any Principal part The Urine that is like the Urine of a healthy person is bad the same judge if they be thin thick confused or troubled Urines which have a laudable sediment and well concoct are good and shew a strong naturall Faculty to expell the Venome An Urine black or blew fat and oyly with a black or blewish setling shews a wasting of the Body and is a deadly Sign Sweats seldom portend good though it happens on a criticall day unlesse it doth much diminish the Feaver Sometimes a Loosenesse of the Belly at the beginning is good and sometimes it is a deadly Sign Spots the more laudable the colour is the better if they be black or Lead-colour and go in again it is dangerous Carbuncles and Buboes the farther from the Heart the better and the sooner they ripen the safer The Cure ought to be two-fold first to preserve those from it who have it not secondly in healing those that have it First to preserve take away the causes both internall and externall If the Body be plethorick let Phlebotomy abate it If full of evill Humours let them be purged If obstructed let means be used to open Obstructions If the Body be in a good state labour to keep it so If it be too moist babour to dry it and avoid all moist Nourishments and much drinking eat no Fish Meats made of Milk nor Herbs walk not in the South Air or neer Lakes nor in the Night fleep not too much If the Body be weak use a restorative Diet. If the Air be too hot labour to cool it as we taught you in continual Feavers if it be too moist correct it by fires and fumes as also to consume and dissipate the infection of the Ayre make fires and fumes of sweet Woods and other sweet sented ingredients as Cypresse Wood of Aloes Juniper Storax Labdanum Mirrhe Benjamin yellow Sanders Ireos Storax Frankinsence Cinnamon Cloves Red-Rose-leaves Calamint Bayes Rosemary and such like Let the common sort of people and the poorer sort carry Rue and Angelica to smell to and take in the morning fasting and when they go abroad Mithridate's medicine Mithridate Venice-Treacle and such like Let the Rich man use of this Pomander Take of Labdanum and of the Rinds of Citrons of each one drachm of the three kinds of Sanders of each half a drachme Wood of Aloes flowers of Buglosse Nenuphar Rose leaves of each two Scruples a lipta Muscatae half a scruple Cloves and Marjoram of each one scruple Zedoary root one scruple Benjamin one drachm Storax Calamita one drachm and an half Camphir half a drachme Musk and Ambergreece of each sour Grains Powder them and with the Musilage of Gum-dragant made in rose-Rose-water make a Pomander and let them make use of this Preservative Take of Bolearmenick prepared half an ounce of Cinnamon three drachms of white Dittany the roots of Angelica Gentian and Tormentill of each two drachms the root of Zedoary Red Roses of all the Sanders Harts-Horn the leaves of Scabious and flowers of Buglosse of each one drachme of Juniper-berries Nutmegs and bone of a Stags Heart of each half a drachm of Pearls prepared two Scruples of Saphir Jacinth Emerauld Ruby and Granate prepared and leaf-Gold of each one scruple powder them all and with Syrrup of Vinegar or Lemons make
If you feare blood-letting by reason of age want of streangth or a bad season use cupping with scarification behind the neck upon the back bone It is good also to use Frictions and Ligatures upon the legs and to draw blisters upon the Armes and Shoulders After Phlebotomy you must apply medicines that do coole the Braine and repell and hinder the humours from ascending to the head as Oyle of Roses two ounces Rose Vinegar one ounce the water of Plantane and Lettuce of each two ounces with the whites of two Eggs mingle them together and apply it to the forehead with a double cloath If that prove not essicacious take oyle of Mandrakes Roses Violets and water Lillyes of each two drachms the juice of Lettuce and Puâ—slane of each halfe an ounce the whites of two eggs mingle and apply it But here let me advise people to be very wary and carefull in the applying of these medicines by no mâ—anes apply cooling medicines in the extremity of the fit nor refrigerate and stupsie the Braine too sodainly lest by overmuch cooling you turn the Frensie into a Lethargy and make your Patient sleep his last Likewise consider from the Symptomes of the disease to what part of the head to apply your medicine having consideration to the age of your patient and season of the yeare your Wit will informe you whether you are best to apply it warm or cold If you find the inflammation extend it selfe to the skin and exterior parts use no repelling medicines for feare you drive the distemper to the Braine It is convenient likewise to refrigerate the interior parts thus take of the syrups of Violet erratick Poppys and Pomegranates of each four drachms the distilled waters of Plant Lettuce Poppy and Purslane of each two ounces mix them and make a julep for three doses This electuary is good in this case Conserve of Roses and Violets of each one ounce the conserve of Clove-Gilliflowers and water Lillys of each halfe an ounce Diamargatiton frigidum halfe a drachme with Syrup of Violets make it into an electuary give the sick the quantity of a Nutmeg once in an houre two or three as necessity shall require Having thus prepared the humours you may evacuate them by purgations but it is convenient to use the most gentle purgers you may safely administer an ounce of Catholicon in the evening drink somwhat warme in the morning it is a fine cooling and gentle purge Or you may make a decoction of some cooling hearbs and in halfe a pint of the liquor warme infuse therein a drachme of Rubarb 12. hours dissolve therein halfe an ounce of Catholicon and two drachms of syrup of Roses and make a potion Let his drink be Barly water and mingle with it the syrup of Pomegranats Lemons or Barberies By this you may know how to cure not onely Frensies but all ravings and watchings which are ingendred by Feavers CHAP. IV. Of Madnesse THe Latines call this disease Insania and Furor and the Greeks Mania we call it Madnesse In this distemper the body is much out of order and the Spirits much disquieted It cometh without a Feavour and therein it differeth from the Frensie This disease is caused somtimes of the abundance of blood flowing up to the Braine Somtimes of hot and cholerick humours or of a hot distemper of the Braine The Symptomes of Madnesse are weaknesse of the Head tickling of the Eares and shinings before their eyes watchings strange thoughts and ravenous appetite If it proceed from the abundance of blood there followeth continuall laughing objects of laughter evermore appearing before the eyes When it proceedeth from both blood and choler it causeth a dashing and fervent motion in the braine which maketh the sick irefull full of motion and bold But if the choler wax grosse the sick is more mad and harder to cure There is another sort of Madness caused by melancholy occupying the mind and changing the temperature of it Somtimes the blood is generally corrupted by melancholy and the brain hurt thereby Somtimes melanchollyblood ascendeth to the braine when the blood is not generally corrupted Somtimes inflammations obstructions and evill effects of the Stomach and Spleen may be the cause thereof There are many Signes of this distemper they which are most common are these fearfullnesse sadnesse hatred and very strange imaginations Some have fancyed themselves beasts and have counterfeited the voice of Beasts others earthen-pots and have fled from company for feare of being broken Somtimes they desire death and to make away themselves Somtimes they much dread death Some think themselves inspired with the holy Spirit and do Prophesie others fancy themselves great Philosophers If the blood be generally corrupted the body is leane pale and rough and generally melancholly They whose distemper arise from defects of the stomach or Spleen have burnings grevious inflammations and plucking of the sides are subject to be costive troubled with wind fuming to the head causing lightnesse and troublesome dreames For the cure If blood abound after the administring of a Clyster you must come to blood-letting You may open the Cephalick if that appeare not the middle veine draw as much blood as the strength of the Patient will beare you may as you find occasion open the veine in the forehead if it appeare if the sick be a woman open the veine under the Ancle you may also bleed the Hemorrhoid-veines I beseech you not only here but in all other distempers to be very carefull and sparing of your Patients blood draw not too much at a time lest you weaken nature too much in this case it is best often to bleed and in the mean time keep the body soluble either by Clysters made as the former Chapter will direct you or other convenient purges viz Take black Hellebore sliced small one ounce infuse it three days in a quarter of a pint of raine-water then boile it gently to the consumption of the third part keeping it close covered streine it out and add to the liquor two ounces of clarified honey let the sick drink halfe an ounce in the morning in a little broath or posset-drink for severall dayes together increase or decrease the dose according to the strength or debility of your patient Or take of the extract of black Hellebore halfe a scruple Syrrup of Violets one ounce mix it for one dose If the body require a stronger purgation Take of Diagridium and Lapis Lazuli of each halfe a drachme Turbith one drachm Sena halfe an ounce Epithymum Cremo-tartar of each two drachms Of Cinamon and Citron pills of each one scruple Safron halfe a scruple Let them be finely pulverized the dose is a drachme or four Scruples administred in broath or some other convenient Liquor These are convenient medicines which purge both choler and melancholly You may purge with confectio Hamech Diasenae Pillulae Indae Pill Lapid Lazuli the dose must be regulated according to your patients condition strength and
the Pupilla like water they call it Aqua-water but when it is gathered thick about the Pupilla it is called a Cataract If Choler be the humour mixed with the watry humour the Cataract appeareth somewhat citrine or yellow if melancholy then is the Cataract more dull and blackish If it be white as chalk it signifieth a thick and compacted matter if it be of the colour of Pearl then slime and transparent flegme is the humour offending There are two sorts of Cataracts a true and a Bastard-cataract A true Cataract doth for the most part effect one eye onely and if both be affected they are not alike nor affected at the same time as in the spurious Cataract In a true Cataract or Suftnsion a derk matter appeareth in the Pupilla which doth not in the other But here let the Reader beware lest he fall into error for this doth not always hold as a sure distinguishing rule for if the humour be as thin as the warry humour nothing appeareth and many upon this ground have thought it to be Gutta Serena but there is a great difference between Gutta Serena and this for in Gutta Serena the sight is quite left or at least much diminished and no fault appear in the Pupilla But it is not so in this Suffusion which cannot be seen for the sight is but a little diminished because the humour being thin and transparent the objects pierce it like glass Though I need say nothing of the signs of this Disease it being easie to gather the signs from the causes yet I shall and a few words In the beginning of a Suffusion certain small Bodges as hairs flyes cobwebs gnats wool and such like sly before the eyes as it grows on the symptomes are more evident and the objects appear as through a glass when it is perfect the Pupilla is changed in colour and the sight is totally lost what the colours denote I have already laid down If the matter of the Cataract appear dark it lyeth between Chorion or Uyea and Cornea and the Pupilla is dilated and white or red veins appear about the circle of the eye if the contrary appear judge that the matter lyeth between the Christalline and Uvea If the matter lye deep the Pupilla is contracted if higher enlarged When the Cataract if newly begun and the Patient can see as thoug a clad if he be young and the season sutable it may be cured On the contrary if it be confirmed and the matter gross it yields not to medicines but must be couched with a needle And seeing I speak of couching give me leave to tell you that 't is a dangerous operation and often attended with bad success but if you finde it needful and likely to be prevalent make use of a near-handed Chyrurgeon and that you may know whether it be likely or no to be cured consider a few rules Sign of care by couching are these If when the sound eye be shut the Pupilla of the eye affected appear larger and perceive some light there is hopes of cure if the contrary appear judge accordingly A black green yellow and hard Cataract never yieldeth to medicine seldome to the Needle Attempt not the operation on old men nor children You must also consider before you attempt this operation whether the Suffusion be ripe and sit for couching or whether it be not grown too hard The first you must try thus press down the eye affected with your finger and if you alter the shape of the Suffusion and when your finger is off it returneth to its former station then is it thin and not ripe but it the contrary appear it may be couched with a Needle But here note that it must be moderate and not too compact but like a skin that will rowl upon the Needle if it be thick and solid like chalk or hail it cannot be couched For the cure you must observe the same rules prescribed in the former Chapter you must use and abstain from the same kind of diet you must use general and particular Evacuations you must revel the humours offending and strengthen the head and eyes Then you must come to Topical medicines and though I am almost of Galens opinion who saith they are little worth for they promise more then they can perform yet Experience hath taught and Authors have confirmed that Cataracts which have not been of long continuance but taken in the beginning have been cured by Topicks after the use of the medicines before mentioned therefore I shall insert a few of them and leave the Ingenious to find out more First you must make a Fomentation of such things as have power to mollifie and dissolve Take of Celendine Fenel Eye-bright of each one handful of Rue Vervain Clary of each half a handful Melilot Chamomel Flowers and red-Red-Rose leaves of each one pugil Fenugreek seed one ounce boil them in a pint and a half of Spring water to the consumption of the half pint then put in a half pint of White-Wine and let it boil a little Strein it out and with clothes wet it in the liquor soment the eyes every morning so long as you see occasion If you wash the eyes with Red-Wine sometimes it hinders the defluxion discusseth and dissolveth It is good to let a child lick the eye after it hath eaten sweet Fenel seeds Infuse Crocus Metallorum in White-Wine and wash the eye with the Wine or after a sufficient infusion pour off the Wine clear and with sweet Fenel and Fenugreek seed of each one ounce of Aloes half an ounce Saffron a drachm beat them and searse them into fine powder the blood of a young Pidgeon hot the weight of them all with the aforesaid Wine what is sufficient to make a soft Pultis and apply it warm to the eye at night take it off in the morning Or slit a young Pidgeon and lay it to the eye Then you must come to make use of Topical Medicines called Collyries which many times by Galens favour hath good success if the Cataract be not too much confirmed Take the leaves of Rue Fenel Vervain Celendine and Eyebright of each one handful Centaury the less Burnet Avens Sage of each a half handful Fenel roots and the roots of round Birthwort of each a half pound Red rose leaves and White-violet leaves of each one ounce Radish seed and Fenugreek seed of each one drachm Ammoniacum and the Natural Balsome of each a drachm Tutty two drachms pouder those that are to be poudered the heaths and roots shred and sliced put to them White-Wine honey and the urine of a Boy as much as may wet them all viz. Of White Wine three parts of the Urine two and honey one then distil them in Balneo Marîae drop the water into the eyes morning and evening regarding the course and medicines before prescribed Josephus Quercetanus in his Pharmacopaea doth much commend this following Water viz. Take of the water of the
greater Celandine six ounces Crocus Metallorum one drachm infuse it in the same water and drop two or three drops into the eye three or four times a day as long as need requireth I could insert many more Receipts of Learned and able men but I fear my Book will swell too big I shall onely insert the Ointment of Zacutus Lasitanas which he commends for drying and purging the moiffure flowing into the eyes Take of the Oyl of Roses three ounces white rose-Rose-water nine ounces Camphire one drachm Tutty one scruple Honey two ounces the Gall of a Goat half an ounce Lupin meat half a drachm Aloes Succotrine one dram Sugar-candy half a drachm the juyce of Horehound Fennel and Rue of each half an ounce Mirrh one scruple Ammoniacum half a drachm Saicocol one dram and a half Pouder them that are to be poudered mixe them and boil them a little with a gentle fire and with the grease of a Goat or Sheep and a little Wax make an Ointment accorbing to Art anoint the Eye-brows twice in a day three hours after meat which will purg plenty of water out of the head through the corner of the eye When you have finished your Cure whether by Mâ—…es 〈◊〉 by the Needle you must keep your Patient 〈…〉 of Physick for fear of a Relapse and administer such things as threaten the head and eyes and hinder defluxion It is good to wash the head and eyes every morning with white wine wherein hath he en infused sweet Fennel seed in pouder till they smart but for other medicines to strengthen the head and eyes I refer you to the preceding Chapter CHAP. XII Of the enlarging and dilating of the straitening or contracting of the Pupilla THis Disease is called in Greek Mydriasis because too much light going in hurteth the sight hence it is that those that are thus distempered see better in a darkish place than in the light And this may be demonstrated by the natural change of the Pupilla in sound eyes in bright and obscure places For when a man is in a bright and clear place the Pupilla is contracted and made less lest the light going in too fast should dissipate the spirits so that a man going suddenly out of a very light place into a house or place more obscure at the first entry he seeth almost nothing at all the Pupilla being so lately contracted he remaining in the same place the Pupilla is soon dilated or enlarged to receive more light and then he seeth perfectly those things which before he could not Then if he go out suddenly into a very light place his eyes are dazled and he seeth not perfectly because the Pupilla is enlarged and the Light going in so fast doth dissipate and dispierse the Visive Spirits Hence you perceive that the Light ought to pass into the Eye in a moderate quantity and the Pupilla ought to be of a moderate size Hence Galen observes that they who are born with narrow Pupillas see best The Pupilla is enlarged or contracted by dryness or repletion It is enlarged by dryness which stretcheth the Uvea which maketh the form of the Pupilla larger as Leather being pierced when it is dry the hole is larger and this proceeds from Feavers and such drying Diseases which are attended with want of sleep So may the Pupilla be straitned by dryness when the Tunicle Uvea by reason of the diminishing of the humours of the Eye loseth its former extension falls together and is wrinkled and so the hole of the Pupilla is made streighter whereas in the former the Tunicle though dry holdeth its extension It is made larger also by repletion namely by vapours or wind sent unto the Eye or by the extraordinary flowing of the watry and other humours to the eye or by the swelling of Uvea it self it is distended and the Pupilla made larger So the same watry humour may work a contrary effect namely by relaxing the same Tunicle and by that means making the hole streighter The Pupilla is inlarged sometimes by Convulsion as may be seen by some Epileptick Children Sometimes a stroak or fall may cause a deflaxion into the eyes hence comes extension retension of the Spirits causeth wind and humours and that causeth distension of the Pupilla and sometimes the Pupilla is made streighter by reason of the want of the visive spirits to extend the Tunicles for want of which they are relaxed and fall together as may be seen in old men These Diseases though they are contrary yet are to be cured by the same medicines remember this that if these Diseases be of long continuance and in ancient people they are without doubt incurable But if the Patient be young and the Disease of no long continuance you must proceed with this consideration that the cure must be varied according to the variety of causes If it proceed from dryness you must refresh the body with medicines which are moist and restaurative and such you shall finde in the cure of the Hective Feaver If it comes from a humour filling the Eye you must purge and cleanse the head and whole body of that humour as you are taught in the cure of a Cataract If from Wind after due Evacuations you must labour to discuss the Wind with the decoction of Fennel Rue Dill Cammomel Red-Roses made in Red Rose Water and White-Wine and the Eyes fomented therewith If there be occasion for Astriagent Medicines to bring the Pupilla being enlarged to its former state make use of this following taught by Ryverius Take of red-Red-Roses dryed two Scruples Saffron Spicknard and the Bark of Frankinsense tree of each half a scruple Tutty prepared Burnt-Ivory and Acatia of each one scruple make them into fine pouder and tie it up in a fine linnen rag and hang it in three ounces of Red Rose water woen you have occasion to use it squeez the cloaih and drop the water into the eyes and wash them therewith If a blow in the eye causeth an inflammation cure it as the inflammation of the eye but if by the blow the Pupilla be enlarged without inflammation drop in a drop or two of Pidgeons blood and apply a Cataplasme made with Bean-flower and Red-Roses juyce of Plantane and Red-rose water CHAP. XIII Of the Pin and Web. THE Tunicle called Cornea sometimes loseth its colour and brightness somtimes it grows thick by driness as in old men and is incurable Sometimes gross humours are fastened to it by reason of inflamation Sometimes by resolving Medicines the thinner humours are dissolved and the thicker remain or by the use of cold medicines the humours are thickned and a white humour is contracted which is called by some Leucona by others Albugo commonly a Pin and Web. Sometimes it comes from a Sear after an Ulcer and so the Cornea loseth its transparentress Sometimes the Eye is bloud-shod and that spoileth the natural colour of the Cornea and this is called
is sound and the Distemper may be taken away if the Humours which corrupt the Blood be evacuated In the Cure of this Disease your main work is to strengthen the Liver correct the Distemper and stay the Flux If it come from a cold Cause deal with it as with a Dropsy But if it come of a hot Cause as for the most part it doth you may gently evacuate the peccant Humours with Rubarb as you are taught in the Cure of the Dysentery Then you must give Medicines which strengthen the Liver Take of the Roots of Succory Sorrell Bloodwort and Monks-Rubath of each one Ounce the Leaves of Plantane Endive Succory Purslane Agrimeny and Dandelion of each one handfull Wormwood half a handfull Red Sanders two Drachms Coriander seeds prepared a Drachm red Roses one Pugill the shavings of Ivory and Spodium of each a Drachm boil them in Barly water to a Quart and in the straining dissolve of the Sirrups of Quinces Vinegar Simple and dried Roses of each two Ounces of the Oyl of Vitriol as much as will make it moderately sharp and make a Julep for six Doses to be given Morning and Evening First and Last The Sirrup of Myrtles of Succory simple or compound with Rubarb the Sirrup Tincture or Magistery of Pearl is very good and may be made use of as the former or made into a Julep with Plantane or other cooling Waters The Liver of a Wolf is much commended and it may be made into an Electuary Opiate or into any other form with the aforenamed ingredients The Tops of young Nettles boiled in Broth or Water are good and the juyce taken is more powerful to stop the Flux and to purify the Blood It is good to apply an Epitheme to the Region of the Liver made of the aforenamed Ingredients or as many of them as you think good It is convenient that among your Medicines which you give to stop the Flux you administer such as are restorative because in this Disease the Body is much consumed Riverius much commendeth this distilled Water and the truth is it deserveth commendation Take a fat Capon and a Partridge pull and draw them and filth ir bellyes with Succory Agrimony and Snails of each one Handfull Conserve of Roses three Ounces Plantane and Coriander Seeds prepared of each two Drachms Citron Myrabolans one Drachm the Leavs of Bloodwort half a handfull the Troches of Amber and Spodium of each four Scruples the Powder of the Electuary de Gemmis Triasantalon and Diamargariton frigidum of each one Drachm Sprinkle them with Styptick Wine and put them into the Fowls Bellyes boil them in a close Vessel in four Pints of Water till half be consumed then put them into a glasse Limbeck with three Ounces of good Wine and distill them in Balaeo give a little of the Water often by it self or with other Medicines CHAP. L. Of the Worms VVorms for the most part breed in the Guts therefore I shall speak of them here Galen Propounds three kinds of Worms the First are round and long and are called Teretes and are more common then the rest and are bred in the Guts but do somtimes get up into the Stomach The Second are called Ascarides they are little and smal like threds and they commonly ly in the lower part of the thick Intestines and over against the Sphincter-Muscle The third sort are broad Worms and long though seldome seen sometimes they are voided of an incredible length They are bred of such Nourishment as easily putrifieth in the Stomach hence it cometh to passe that Children and such as are gluttonous who eat much Fruit and such things as easily putrify especially more being eaten before the former is digested are troubled with Worms The Signes of Worms in the Guts are divers not in all alike a stinking and sowr Breath Stools like Cow dung in colour Gray like Potters earth Sometimes there is a continual Feaver Heavinesse Fainting Loathing Vomiting unquenchable Thirst and sometimes cold Sweats an unequal Pulse the Cheeks are sometimes red sometimes blew the Eyes shine the Nose itcheth the Teeth gnash a dry Cough There is pain in the Belly sometimes by Inflammation and sometimes by Distention some start in their Sleep Sometimes the Body pineth and the Patient hath an insatiable Appetite this is a Signe of flat Worms which eat up the Food The Ascarides are known by the itching of the Fundament and the Excrements are many times full of them Sometimes the eating away of the Gums is a Signe of Worms Though to Children and older Folk Worms are common and little feared yet many and dangerous Symptoms and Diseases are bred by them In the beginning of a Disease it is evil for Worms to be voided alive or dead especially alone without Dung if they be alive they signify great Crudity and Want of Nourishment if dead great Putrefaction by which they are killed In the declining of a Disease Worms comming forth with the Excrements is a good Signe The Cure of the Worms consisteth in giving Medicines to kill them and to evacuate them being killed The best way to kill them or at least to drive them to the lower Intestines are these Simples which follow viz. all the sorts of Wormwood Southernwood Calamint Dogs-tooth Century Horehound Dittany Hyssop Rew Savin Peach leavs Coriander seed Harts horn Lupines Mints Garlick Elecampane and many other of these Simples may several forms of Medicines be composed mixing with them such things as purge not onely to kill but also to carry away the Cause of Worms Rubarb is much commended because it may safely be given if a Feaver be present Take of Rubarb one Drachm yellow Sanders half a Scruple infuse them in Purslane water three Ounces strain them and dissolve the Powder of Rubarb and the Powder against the Worms which you may have at the Apothecaryes of each one Scruple Sirrup of Roses one Ounce mix them and make a Potion If the Feaver be not great add Hiera picra to your Potion more or lesse according to the strength of your Patient afterwards give a Clister made of the Decoction of Liquorish Raisons Figs or Chicken Broth sweetned with Sugar and Hony of Roses such Clisters are good to draw them down into the thick Guts Afterwards give a Clister made after this manner Take of Wormwood Southernwood Century of each one handfull Lupines half an Ounce the Seed of Wormwood and Coriander seed prepared of each two Drachms In a half Pint or a Pint of the strained Liquor according umo the age of the Patient dissolve one Ounce or two of the Oyl of Wormwood and Salt one Drachm and an half To bring them out being killed add to the former Clister Benedicta Laxativa Hiera picra and Cassia newly drawn of each three Drachms or more if your Patient can bear it Rondoleitus doth highly commend Diaearthamum and the Infusion of Agarick in Oxymel because it not onely killeth Worms but purgeth Phlegm and corrupted
Feavers In the Bastard add Agarick Catholicum Diaphaenicon Sena and such as the judicious Physitian shall judg suitable in respect of the Patient's Constitution and the Humors offending But to every Medicine cream of Tartar may be added for it openeth cleanseth and cools If the Patient be subject to vomit go that way to work as I said in the last Chapter Open a Vein draw Blood as often or as much as you see occasion Prepare the Humours with Juleps as you are taught in the last Chapter then purge If the Humours be stubborn and the Fit continue make a Decoction of Wormwood and Century with cool Herbs to qualify the Heat it is much commended after the use of that purge again If there be a Distension under the short Ribs apply an emollient attenuating and strengthning Fomentation What ever part of the Body is ill disposed have a regard to that in all your Medicines The Spirit of Sulphur is much magnified for extinguishing the Heat of Feavers and if the Humours be thin it sends them forth by Sweat give from half a Scruple to a Scruple in four Ounces of Purslane Water Or you may give it thus Take of Salt of Wormwood half a Drathm Spirit of Sulphur a Scruple Carduus Water four Ounces mix them and give the Patient to drink when the Fit approcheth and lay him to sweat Those things which are usually laid to the Wrists by the common people are not to be despised I shall not insert them nor more Receipts for the cure of this Ague First it being my cheifest end to describe the Causes and Signes of Diseases Secondly almost every womans Head is full of Medicines against an Ague CHAP. LXXXVIII Of the Quotidian or every day-Ague THis Ague is caused by Phlegm putrefying in the first Region of the Body therefore all things that breed Phlegm in the Body may be the Cause thereof The Diagnostick signes are such as testify Phlegm to abound in the Body as white colour pale dull Sense Softnesse and Fatnesse Profoundnesse of Sleep and Droaming of Water It comes with a cold shlvering little or noe shaking and for the most part it comes in the Night After the cold Fit the Patient feels Heat but mildly not scorching little Thirst the Pulse is small seldom and slow there is a Distension about the short Ribs the Fits appear more intense or remisse last longer or shotter as the Phlegm is simple or mingled with other Humours the Fit commonly lasteth twelv hours and then leaveth a feavourish Fit behind it Sometimes it lasteth twenty four hours and is almost like a continuall Feaver There is a difference found in respect of the Nature of the Phlegm for salt Phlegm makes the Patient thirsty sharp Phlegm hungry sweet Phlegm sleepy If the Phlegm hath no Tast it maketh him without Appetite Acid or glassy Phlegm by reason of its Coldnesse causeth shaking This Disease for the most part continueth long and is not without danger because it sometimes degenerates into a Cachexia Dropsy or Lethargy The Diet and Medicines must be such as have an extenuating cutting and dividing Quality The Cure must be performed almost in the same Manner as the bastardly Tertian Zacutus Lusitanus doth much commend the Decoction of Roman Wotmwood and Camomill Flowers if five or six Ounces be adminisred And the Decoction of China and Guajacum for many dayes but beware it dry not too much CHAP. LXXXIX Of the Quartane Ague AN intermitting Quartane is caused of Melancholy putrifying in the Body There are two sorts of Quartan Agues viz. a Legitimate and a Bastard Quartane a Legitimate is bred of naturall Melancholy which is the carthly part of our Nourishment in quality cold and dry The bastard Quartane is bred of preternaturall Melancholy which is bred of adust Choller and is hot and dry or by Melancholy mixed with adust Choller A Quartane Ague is either single double or triple the single is that which comes every fourth day The double is when two Fits happen upon two dayes one after another and the third day none The Triple Quartane is when Fits come every as in a Quotidian and double Tertian Diagnostick Signes of a Quartane are the Ague coming every fourth day and Melancholy abounding in the Body it begins with gaping and stretching heavinesse of the Body shivering and shaking follows as if it would break the Patient's Bones The Pulse is seldom and slow the Urine watry thin and white after a while it is higher coloured and thicker The bastard Quartane for the most part follows other Feavers or Agues by which Adustion of Humours is made and in it the Feaver Heat and Thirst is more violent and all the Symptomes are greater because the Humours are thinner A double Quartane is known by the course of the Fits A triple Quartane is distinguished from a double Tertian or Quotidian by Melancholy abounding and by the course of the Fits and chiefly in this that at first it was a simple or double Quartane Prognosticks are thus made This of all Agues is the longest of Continuance some continue half a year some a year and some longer It is good in this Ague for the Patient to void black Urine The bastard Quartane is not of so long continuance as the Legitimate because it proceeds from thinner Humours then the other The Legitimate is not so dangerous as the other which hath many times dangerous Symptomes especially if the Liver Spleen or any of the interior parts be damnified because it is sometimes degenerated into a Dropsy If any aged above sixty fall into the Quartane Ague it proveth mortall If the intermitting Quartane degenerate into a continuall it is for the most part deadly To bleed at the Nose in a Quartane Ague is but a bad Sign because the morbifick Humours are too thick for such an Evacuation If a bloody Flux come upon a Quartane Ague and continue but a while it is good A bastard Quartane is cured almost with the same Medicines which have been prescribed for the Cure of a Tertian to them adding such Medicines as regard Melancholy and free the Spleen from Disaffection Seeing the Legitimate Quartane is caused of Humours that are cold and dry thick and earthly we must use Medicines that do heat moisten and attenuate Let the Patient's Diet be heating and moistning of good Juyce easy of digesture and of thin substance as rear Egs yong Animals and Birds of Mountains Fishes of stony Rivers among Herbs Borrage Buglosse Spinach Fennell Parsly and Turneps Crato doth much commend the Broth of Turneps of Fruits Almonds Apples stewed Prunes Figs Raisons Dates and Pine-kernells Let him abstain from all Meats which are of a thick and clammy Substance and of hard digesture let him drink small Ale or Beer let him eat moderately and on the Fit day six hours before the Fit cometh let him be very moderate in drinking for much drink fills the Spleen and makes the Disease rebellious Having thus
sort are these the Powder of Mercury Unguentum Aegyptiacum or Apostolorum with Natural Verdegrease Of the stronger sort are Quicklime Red Vitriol Burnt Vitriol Mercury sublimate Of these may many Compounds be made which for brevity sake I omit If the Lips of the Ulcer be hard soften it with mollifying Medicines made of the fat of a Goose Hen Duck Lion Bear Calf Oxe or the like the Oyl of Lillies Sweet Almonds Earth-Worms Foxes Unguentum Basilicon Diachilon and Emplastrum de Mucilaginibus If it be so hard that it will not yield to Medicine make use of In cision Cautery or of the aforenamed corrosive Medicines If the Bone be defiled by an Ulcer take it off with a Scaling Instrument or an hot Iron after you have loosed the Scale the first three days apply Oyl of Roses and the White of an Egg warm the next three days the yolk of an Egg and Oyl of Roses after that with Butter and Hony If the Bone lie so deep that you cannot apply your hot Iron inject this Water Take of White Wine one pound and an half the distilled Waters of Plantane and Roses of each one pound Mercury sublimate three drachms Bolearmenick half an ounce Burnt Allum one ounce and an half white Vitriol and Borax of each half an ounce White Sugar two ounces Maslick Sarcocol of eath one ounce and an half Powder what is to be powdered boil it to the consumption of half then filter it and add of the best Aqua Vitae one pound and reserve it to your use It is good also to lay this following Powder to the putrified Bone Take of round Birthwort and the Bark of the Pine-tree of each three drachms of the Root of Hegs Fennel and Reeds of each two drachms of Agarick and Tartar of each one drachm and an half Eupborbium one drachm make a Powder lay it upon the putrified Bone or mixe it with Honey or Aegyptiacum or such like If Worms breed in the Ulcer take away the humidity and putrefaction whereof they are ingendred kill the Worms with the Juyces or Decoction of Wornewood Centory Eupatorium Wormwood and such like bitter Hearbs So much for the general cure of Ulcers CHAP. XII Rules for Vomiting and Purging THE first thing herein confiderable is the matter offending what part of the body is afflicted and which is the best way to evacuate the peccant humour The matter offending is either Flegm Water Choller or Melancholy Purging Simples work gently or strongly those that work gently onely are to be given to weak Bodies the strongest to stronger persons Be well advised of the offending humour before you purge least instead of helping you weaken Nature Before you take a purge let the Humours be prepared by some Medicines proper for the purpose especially if Flegm or Melancholy be the humour you would purge Prepare the body before with Medicines that are attenuating and cutting and let your Purge be made up with it The next Book will furnish you with variety of altering and preparing Medicines It is a matter of consequence to consider what part of the body is afflicted and to form your Purges accordingly If the remote parts of the body be afflicted as the Head Arms Feet and the like let your Purge be made up into a hard form as Pills that by their long stay in the body they may be the better able to draw the humours from those parts If the oftending humour lye in the Bowels or adjacent parts use liquid Medicines and in all these look not upon the multitude of Ejections but of the matter ejected If the humours lye in the Tunicle of the Stomach a Vomit is necessary and in many cases more it is a good Revulsion but take them not without advice from an able Physitian If the Purge work not at all give warm Broath and Posset Drink and if the Purge were strong give a Clister If it work too stronâ—ly which is worse give such things as make the Bowels slippery for Ejection as the Oyl of Almonds which is good if the mouths of the Veins be opened or if there happen excoriation for the same purpose Quince-seeds and Mallows boiled in milk is good and Gum Traganth dissolved in water or Milk the Syrup or Marinalade of Quinces have the like virtue If Vomiting hold too long give a draught of Milk with a little Mastich therein and lay to the Stomach Emplastrum è Crusta Panss If either Vomit or Purge work too churlishly some give a Pill of Laudanum and with good success Anoint the Stomach and Belly with Oyl of Roscs and lay on it the Powder of Mastich of Galls and Red-Roso leaves Chymical Medicines if they be rightly prepared and administred with care and judgment are the best for they stay but a little while in the body and do not bind afterwards because the Terrene part is taken away If the Humour be tough it is not easily carryed away therefore in such cases purge gently and often The Dose ought to be regulated by an able Brain In the next Book I shall give you the Faculties and Dose of most of the Medicines in use amongst us For the Times and Seasons of purging in respect of the motion of the Moon and Stars I have given you a few general Rules at the latter end of my Almanack for the Year 1659. to which I refer you An end of the Third Book BOOK IV. IN this I shall shew you the Faculty and Natural Operation of most of the compound Medicines now in use amongst us and sold by the Apothecary together with a general Rule for the making of all such kind of Medicines Those that desire a more particular Description of their Ingredients or Compositions let them peruse the Dispensatory made by the Colledge of Physitians of London If they cannot understand the Latine Tongue let them make use of the Translation thereof by Mr. Culpeper it being unbefitting for this Volumne Be pleased therefore to accept of their Faculties and Doses from the least to the greatest which must be regulated with judgment and discretion according to the age or strength of the Patient the Season of the Year and the nature of the Distemper CHAP. I. Of Distilled Waters COld or simple Distilled Waters are drawn out of Hearbs Flowers Fruits and Roots all which ought to be distilled when they are in their greatest vigour and ought to be gathered in a dry day about Noon The common way is to distil them in a Peuter Still the Water thus distilled is of all Medicines the weakest yet is of use in mixing them with other Medicines that they may be the better taken To avoid burning put fifted Ashes under the Vessel which holds the Hearbs and give a gentle fire But to make the Water have more smell and vertue of the Hearbs do thus Take what green Hearb and Roots or Flowers fresh gathered if you please bruise them and mix with them some Leaven and let them stand close
and speak comfortably to him Let no unseemly action nor uncivil word proceed from him Let him not forsake his Patient for any cause whatsoever Let him consult with God in the beginning of all his cures and heartily give God thanks for the performance of them Let him love godliness and honesty and be an unblameable servant to God and Nature These are the principal and chief Characters by which every diseased man may make choice of his Physician of whom I shall say with the learned Fernelius Medicus remedia confert non solum ut naturae minister fed interdum ut adjutor interdum etiam ut opifex primarius A Physician doth cure not only as Natures servant but sometimes us her helper yea sometimes as the chief workman I shall not build my discourse Theorically but Practically and having in the former Book briefly desctibed the principal parts of man and the humane faculties and virtues thereon depending I shall in this Book declare the Causes Symptoms and Cures of Diseases in those parts which hinder them in the exercise of those humane faculties I shall treat of each disease simply and distinctly and leave this Aphorism to the consideration of the ingenious Simplex affectus simplici remedio compositus composito propellendus A simple Disease is removed by a simple remedy a compound Disease is expelled by compound Medicines CHAP. II. Of Diseases of the Head MAny Diseases are incident to the Head of Man I shall treat of them in order according to the places which they possesse which I shall devide into three parts First the Membranes Secondly the substance of the Brain Thirdly the Nerves which nourish the Brain The Membranes is the first pannicle within the Skull called Dura Mater or without the Skull called Pericranium which are subject to these Diseases viz. the Head-ach the inveterate Head-ach and the Megrim In the substance of the Brain which is the seat and instrument of the intellectual faculties of the Soul viz. imaginations judgment and memory are defects also viz. the depravation of those faculties as a Frensie Melancholy and Madnesse Sleepy Disease Lethargy The Ventricles of the brain are subject to many distempers as Vertigo Falling sicknesse the night Mare the Apoplexy Palsy Convulsion trembling and quaking and Catarrhs Of inveterate Head-ach â—…d the Megrim The inveterate Head-ach is called in Greek and Latine Cephalaea it is a disease of long continuance very painful and upon every light occasion invadeth the Patient with sharp fits that he cannot indure noise nor light but desireth to lye still in the dark sometime this Disease is with continuance and sometimes with intermission The Cause This Disease is caused through blood or other humors abounding or by sharp humors or vapours within or without the Scull inflaming the Head sometimes weaknesse of the Head is the Cause The Sign If fulnesse of humors be the cause of the Disease then is the Head very heavy and lumpish if the humors be sharp the pain is felt with pricking shooting if there be inflammation the Head worketh like the Pulses if wind be the peccant cause there is found distention or stretching out without heaviness or beating if two or more of these Symptomes appear together judge accordingly Note that if the pain be felt superficially or outwardly than is the perieranium grieved If it be felt within which is known by the pain at the roots of the Eys then is the grief within the Dura Mater Hemicrania or the Megrim differeth not from Cephalaea saving if in the Megrim one half of the Head is afflicted whereas in the other the whole Head by the aforegoing Symptoms you may discover the humour offending The Cure As there are diversity of Causes so there is of Cures If the Disease be ingendred of plenitude of humors and the whole boy appâ—…â—…ll it is not amiss to begin the cure with the evacuâ—… of the whole body and if age strength and the season consent open the Gephalick or head Vein If flegmatick and viscuous humors be the Cause it is good to extenuate and make thin the humors thus Take of Oximel scilliticum and syrup of Staechas of each half an ounce distilled water of Marjerom Betony and Parsley an ounce mix these and make a potion for the morning Or else make a decoction in this manner Take Mint Calamint Marjerom Betony Sage of each half a handful the seeds of sweet Fennel Annis and Parstey of each half an ounce the roots of Asparagus Fennel and Parsley of each two ounces Peony root half an ounce shread the hearbs bruise the seeds slice the roots and take out the pith and boil it in a quart of water till half be consumed strein it and add of syrup of Betony compound one ounce and Oximel simplex as much and make a potion for three times take it at night two hours after a light supper the Body thus prepared you may come to purge and evacuate the peccant humours Take half a dram of Pill Cochiae the greater in the morning and keep the Chamber they which are most commendable are pills of Hiera with Agarick Take half a drachm at night two hours after a light supper take some warm broth in the morning and keep the house thus do for a week or longer in like manner you may use Pill Alephanginae and order your body as before and remember that grosse and clammy-humours will not follow a sudden purgation and therefore often purging is used that so they may be drawn out by little and little Also clisters are necessary because they cleanse the bowels and pull back those humours and vapours which ascend and annoy the head Take of Mallows Pellitorie of the Wall Endive Succorie Violet-leaves Cammomell-flowers of each one handfull sweet Fennellseed halfe an ounce Linseed Two drachmes boile them in a quart of Spring water or rather cleare posset-drink till halfe be consumed streine it out and to the decoction adde of the pulpe of Cassia Fistula one ounce Oile of Rue halfe an ounce Benedictae Laxativae half an ounce The Body being purged by discretion it is not amisse for the patient to make use of some diet drink that hath power to warme the braine to exsiccate and concoct crude humours to attenuate the grosse cut that which is tough and expell the thinnest either by Urine or insenfible transpiration You may make it thus Take of Guajacum Sassufras the Root of Salsaperilla of each two ounces English Liquoris and Cinamon of each one ounce Coriander-seed halfe an ounce infuse them 24 houres in 4 quarts of spring-Spring-water the vessell standing in hot embers and close covered afterwards boile it gently to the consumption of halfe sweeten it with honey whilst it is hot let the Patient drink halfe a pint in the morning and dispose himself for sweat and if he drink it for his ordinary drink 15 or 20 dayes more or lesse as necessity requireth it is the better If the Patient become costive
of water untill half be consumed to a pint of the decoction adde the oyls of Lillies and Rue of each half an ounce Hiera Picra Benedicta Laxativa and Diaphaenicon of each half an ounce Honey of Roses an ounce Salt a drachm mix them and make a Clyster If your Patient be young strong and full of hot humors and blood you must soon after the operation of the Clyster open a vein in one Arm let him not bleed too much at once lest his strength fail in a few hours space open a vein in the other Arm for by that means the disease will be the more abated and the strength the more preserved After the first vein opened if you perceive his countenance more lively his pulse beat more orderly and his breath fetcht with more ease it is a good sign and a good encouragement to open another vein Make the Orifice wide or else the grosseft blood will lye behind Where you see the body abound with blood draw blood liberally if not draw blood sparingly After letting blood if you see hopes of your Patients recovery within a few hours you must administer some purgation the time of the day matters not one ounce of Elect. Diacarthamum half a scruple of Castor dissolved in Betony water you may in this case make use of Pillulae Cochiae the greater or the lesse or Pillulae de Agarico pills of Agarick But in the Lethargy by reason it is accompanied with a Feaver you ought to administer more gentle purgations as Pillulae Hiera cum Agarico I shall lay down some generall Rules for purging in the next Book which serve to divert the humours flowing to the Head But the humours there fixed must be purged with Scammony one Scruple Castor two scruples administred in Oximel which hath been proved with good successe If hitherto your Medicines prove unsuccessful you must venter to administer stronger not fearing the danger or strength of your Medicine seeing without it nothing can be expected You may use such Medicines as are extracted out of Antimony or those lesse violent as is the infusion of Crocus Mettallorum or two drachms of the Tincture of Tobacco extracted with the Spirit of Wine doth powerfully evacuate upwards and downwards both cholerick and flegmatick humours and cleanseth not only the Stomach and Bowels but the Brain also Also Frictions and Ligatures on the extream parts are necessary that the vapours do not ascend to the Head You may fasten Cupping glasses to the Shoulders Arms and Thighs with scarification if you have not let your Patient blood otherwise without forget not the often administration of Clisters or instead thereof you may use Suppositories made thus Take two ounces of Honey boiled to a due thicknesse of Hiera Piera two drachms Coloquintida Agarick and Scammony of each two seruples Salt gemme one drachm make them into fine powder and mix them with the Honey and make Suppositories as long as you think good You may apply things to their Noses which have a property to awaken them as Vinegar Castoreum Galbanum Sulphur Goats-horn or Harts-horn burnt and holden to the Nose A fume made with white Amber is of excellent vertue in the Apoplexy You must pull them by the hair and prick their Legs or rub them with Salt and Vinegar You must annoint the Palare of the Mouth with strong and sharp Medicines as Mithridate Mustard powder of Masterwort and rub the bottoms of the Feet with Salt and Vinegar and the Palms of the Hands with the Oyls of Rue and Castor If the disease be of long continuance provoke sneezing with those Powders prescribed in the second Chapter to which you may adde Rue and Castor You may apply resolving Medicines but first you must make them thus Take the leaves of Betony Sage and Rosemary of each one handful the tops of Lavender and Marjerom Rue and Savoury of each half a handful the roots of Angelica Masterwort and Setwall of each one ounce Bayberries and Juniper berries of each half an ounce boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Vinegar and with a Spunge or cloth dipped in the decoction bathe the Head of the sick If the Disease yield not to these Medicines you may fasten Cupping gâ—asses to the upper part of the Neck about the first or second joynt Some use to draw Blisters there and with good successe Many precious Medicines against this distemper have been left to posterity I shall omitting many insert this one viz. Take of the root of Peony and Misleto of the Oake of each two ounces Calamus Aromaticus Galanga Cyperus of each one ounce of Betony Sage Marjerom of each one handful the seeds of Peony Annis Fennel and Carraway of each three drachms the flowers of Lavender Stechas and Rosemary of each half a handful of Nutmegs Mace Cubebs Cloves Grains of Paradice of each half an ounce Cinamon two ounces Saffron half a drachm of Species Diambrae and Diamoshi of each two drams Let all these ingredients be shredd and bruised and put into a glasse Limbeck powre on them of the best rectified Spirit of Wine enough to cover them the breadth of three fingers digest them in a Bathe eight daies afterward distill it and upon occasion administer a drachm or half a drachm in some other convenient liquor In like manner may the Spirit of Castor be administred in Oximel and 't is a good Medicine against these Diseases Moreover be very careful that you wel understand the nature of the humor offending as if blood offend use not too many refrigerating Medicines and bleed the more I need say no more Verbum sapientibus c. If after so many Evacuations the Brain become too cold and much weakened you may strengthen it with Lozenges made thus or after this manner Take of the distilled oyls of Annis Cinamon and Nutmegs of each three drops oyl of Cloves one drop Amber-grease half a scruple with four ounces of Sugar dissolved in Betony water make Lozenges take a drachm in a morning Likewise you may make Pills to strengthen the Head in this manner Take of the Species Cordiales temperatae and Aromaticum Rosatum of each two drachms Mastick Nutmegs and Cloves of each one scruple Ambergrease half a scruple and Musk three grains make it into a Masse for Pills with the juyce of Marjerom and take a scruple to bedward once or twice a week or you may take half a drachm of the powder called Diarrhadon Abatis night or morning If any fear the return of this Disease again after cure or any by the aforegoing Symptoms fear its growth upon them let them carefully consider the humour offending if blood abound lessen it by opening a vein if Choler flegm or melancholy by purgation How you may know which humour offendeth or by what it may be purged this Treatise if you have any ingenuity will inform you CHAP. VI Of the Vertigo and Falling-sickness THe Vertigo is a Disease which maketh a man think every
thing turneth round and suddainly his sight faileth him all things appear misty and dark This disease is caused through inordinate moving of windy vapours and Spirits contained in the Brain or in the Mouth of the Stomach offending the Brain The Sign Those that are thus troubled a darknesse and mist appears before their eys upon every light occasion especially if they turn about It astonisheth him to see a man a wheele or any thing turn round When it is accompanied with sound and noise in the ears and vehement pain in the Head with much heavinesse the deprivation or debility of any of the senses these are infallible testimonies that the cause of the distemper lyeth in the Brain then is the fit worst when the head is heat by the Sâ—n or any other means If gnawing of the stomach or a disposition to vomit precede the fit then the disease proceedeth from the mouth of the Stomach This Disease is oftentimes a Prodormus or forerunner of the Epilepsie or Falling-sicknesse and sometimes of the Apoplexie The Epilepsy is a Writhing Cramp and Convulsion of all the parts of the Body it attacheth and much hurteth the sense and mind Sometimes it is caused through grosse and clammy flegm or choler stopping the passage of the Ventricles of the Brain and sometimes from the mouth of the Stomack as in the Vertigo There goeth before this Disease an evil state of the body and mind sadnesse forgetfulnesse troublesome dreams ach of the Head and continual fullnesse of the same palenesse of the Face and inordinate moving of the Tongue The Sign They who are afflicted with this Disease fall down are plucked up together they tremble and turn about snort cry out beat themselves and foam at the Mouth The Cure It is good for those that are thus afflicted to eschue all meats of a hard digesture and such as afford a crude nourishment or breed fumosities observe the same in all Diseases of the Head In the beginning of the cure make the body soluble by Clysters if need be If plentitude appear and the sick be of a sanguine complexion begin the cure with blood letting otherwise observe the same order before prescribed in the Cephalaea or Headach proceeding of grosse and phlegmatick humours this remembring to adde to the Medicines there described the roots and seeds of Peony and Misleto of the Oake which have a notable faculty in the cure of the Falling-sicknesse as experience teacheth Make use of the sudorifick drink there described thirty or fourty days adding to every dose three or four drops of Vitriol You must purge the sick with Pillulae Cochiae Pillulae cum Agarico or such as purge flegm but remember to regulate your purges according to the strength of the sick and to prepare the body with Medicines which do attenuate and cut grosse and thick humours as be the syrups of Wormwood Hysop Stechas or Oximel scilliticum or with the decoction of Hysop the roots of Peony or such like Stibium is of great force and doth mightily purge the superfluous humours of the Head you must use it thus take 12 grains and make it into fine powder put it into four ounces of Wine and there let it remain 24 hours shaking it every three or four hours then powre off the Wine leaving the powder and drink it with a little Sugar let none use this Medicine but such as have strong Bodies and be first well advised by a skilful Physitian The syrup of Tobacco mentioned by Quercetanus in his Pharmacopaeia is of great force and virtue against this disease but before you make use thereof be well advised as I said before After the Body hath been diligently and carefully purged it is meet you make use of this or such like Medicines viz. Take of the flowers of Betony Rosemary Peony and Buglosse of each one ounce the root of Eringo and the rind of Citrons preserved of each two drachms powder of Sassafras one ounce of the seed of Peony and Misleto of the Oake gathered the Moon decreasing Elks claws of each half a drachm of the Scull of a man not buryed calcined half a drachm of Coral Pearls and Harts-horn prepared of each four scruples of Bezoar one scruple Diamosh dulcis four scruples Theriaca Andromachi and Confectio de Hyacintho of each one drachm Oyl of Vitriol 20 drops with as much Syrup Citron Pills and Oximel as is sufficient to make a liquid Electuary or Opiar of which take three or four times in a day the quantity of a Filberd Emplastrum Epispaslicum and such as have power to draw blisters and Causticks may with good successe be applyed to the hinder part of the Head and Neck Fabius Columnus extolleth the root of Valerian to the Skies for the cure of this Disease a drachm in powder administred in Wine or other convenient liquor is a sufficient Dose Of no lesse esteem is this Chimicall Medicine following Spirit of Vitriol one scruple Spirit of Tartar one drachm Treacle water camphorated one drachm and a half mix them and in a glasse well sealed digest them a Month the Dose is one drachm taken with some convenient liquour If a Child have this Disease you must make use of Medicines sutable to the age and strength of the Child If it suck let the Nurse use a moderate diet and eat such meats as afford good nourishment By Clyster or Suppository make the Child soluble Take one ounce of fine Sugar of Poony root and Misleto of the Oake of each half a drachm with as much oyl of sweet Almonds as is sufficient to make a Lohock and let the Child lick often thereof Riverius commendeth this Epileptick powder by him called Pulvis de gutteta Take the root and seed of Peony the root of white Dittany Misleto of the Oake of each half an ounce the seed of Arach two drachms of mans Scull three drachms red Corall prepared of Hyacinthus or Jacinth of each half a drachm of Elks claws prepared half an ounce Musk one scruple leaf-gold one drachm mix them and make them into very fine powder of which administer from half a scruple to a scruple in milk broth or some Antepileptical water as the compound water of Peony c. Annoint the Head of the Child with oyls of Dill and Marjerom apply Medicines to the Head that have power to discusse the peccant humours and to corroborate the Brain Annoint the Back-bone and those members which are contracted and drawn together with this following Liniment Take of the Oyls of Rue and Earth-worms of each two ounces the oyl of Castor a drachm with a little Aqua vitae make a Liniment Or take of Venice Treacle one drachm Confectio Alchermes and de Hyacintho of each a scruple the waters of Betony Sage Marjerom and Cinamon of each half an ounce mix them all and bathe the Nose Temples and Eares and you may give the Child half an ounce to take inwardly You may purge the Child twice in the
month with Manna Syrups of Roses and Rubarb and every change of the Moon take a dose of the powder before mentioned and oftener if need require To conclude if the Disease be caused by some evill effects in the mouth of the Stomach you must labour to free the Stomach from the humours that offend For the Cure of the Vertigo I shall say nothing but refer you to those Medicines propounded for the Cure of the Falling-sicknesse and to the 2. Chapter viz. Of the cure of Cephalaea proceeding from cold crude and phlegmatick humours it being my present task only to epitomize not to write largely of the cure of Diseases CHAP. VII Of the Palsie PAralysis or the Palsie is a disease wherein the whole Body or part thereof as Atm Hand Leg or Tongue doth lose sense or motion or both Sometimes it followeth the Apoplexy Here note that the Faculty of sense and motion floweth from the Brain as from its proper fountain and is conveyed to all parts of the Body by the Sinews the proper Organs of sense and motion Hence it commeth to passe that if that faculty of the Brain be obstructed that it cannot descend to all parts that all or some of the 〈◊〉 of the Body lose either motion or sense or bâ—… according to the part obstructed The Causes The Palsie is caused by abundance of grosse and clammy humours which stop the sinews and hinder the animal faculty that it cannot come from the Brain or fountain to the members It may be caused by vehement cold or by some inflammation or swelling near the Back-bone or the sinews may be crushed by some binding or hurt by some wound or Ulcer or the like The Signs and Cure There need no more Signs to know this disease by than what hath been declared in the explanation of it This disease for the most part happeneth to old folk and surprizeth them in the Winter time therefore Phlebotomy for the most part is unnecessary and dangerous If plenitude of humours or blood appear open a vein on the sound side draw blood sparingly lest you cool the Body too much Let what part soever of the Body be affected yet you must not forget the Brain but you must purge corroborate and strengthen it If you find the originall of the distemper in the Brain you must apply Medicines which have power to extenuate dissolve and discusse such as are described in the second Chapter for the cure of cold and phlegmatick distempers of the Head To the purging Medicines you may add these Pillulae Fatidae de opopanace Arabicae and Trochisci Alhandall taken in a convenient quantity as you shall be instructed in the next Book and sutable to the season of the year and aâ—…â—f your Patient Let him abstain from drinking â—f strong beer and Wine and let most of his drink be the decoction of Guiacum and the bark of the same and if you add Cephalick hearbs to these it will be the better This Decoction is commendable viz. Take of Guiacum ground two ounces of the bark of the same half an ounce the root of China and Salsaparilla of each two drachms Sasafras three drachms Lignum Aloes and Galanga of each two scruples the root of Angelica Peony and Fennel of each two drachms the seeds of Peony and sweet Fennel of each one drachm Betony ground Pine Sage of each one handfull the flowers of Lavender Rosemary Stechas and Cowslips of each one pugil Cinamons and Polipodium of the Oake of each half an ounce Infuse them in six quarts of water twenty four hours then boil it gently to the consumption of two quarts strein it and add to the decoction of brown Sugar candy and syrup of Stechas of each four ounces Let the diseased take half a pint in a morning three or four mornings as a preparative to purging you must purge once in a week with one of the aforenamed Medicines having respect to the age and strength of your Patient season of the year Or you may prepare the aforesaid water by distillation thus Take of the simples aforenamed and infuse them 24 hours in four quarts of water and two of White-wine then distill them in Balneo Mariae as you shall be taught in the fourth part of this Treatise to a pound of this distilled water add one ounce of the syrup of Staethas and a drachm of Theriaca diatessaron divide it into three parts for three mornings It is convenient to set Cupping glasses to the part affected without scarifying of it but easily drawing the humours and spirits to the place afterwards you must rub and chafe the parts it is convenient to bathe the paralytick part and cause it to sweat with the decoction of Bur root and Elder leaves hot-houses often profit much but much better it is if they can come to natural baths which proceed either from Nitrous hituminous or sulphureous Mines as the Bath of Bath You may safely Bathe two or three times in a week and afterwards annoint the Member with some convenient Liniment viz. Take of the Oyls of Foxes Castor Earth-worms and Rue of each one ounce Unguentum Nervinum and Martiatum of each half an ounce the distilled oyl of Rosemary one drachm Oyl of Spike six drops mix all these and make a soft ointment with which annoint the Back-bone and the other parts that are diseased afterwards wrap them up warm with the skin of a Fox or Hare If the Palsey be caused by an inflammation or hard swelling in any part the cure of the inflammation or swelling cures the Palsie also If bruising of the sinews by pinching or binding be the cause remove the bruised blood and the cure will ensue If the Spondills of the Back be out or broke and that cause the Palsie or Resolution the cure of the cause taketh away the effect If the Palsey ensue a wound or Ulcer in the Head Back or any particular Sinew if the Sinew be curable the Palsie ceaseth CHAP. VIII Of the Covulsion SPasmus Cramp or Convulsion is a disease when the Sinews are drawn or plucked up against a mans will Of this there are two sorts viz. a true Convulsion when there is a constant retraction of the Muscles and the Limb remains unmoveable or a convulsive motion when the retraction is every time new and the Members moved divers ways They differ likewise in their Causes for a true Convulsion proceedeth either from repletion or inanition a convulsive-motion from irritation or provocation Again they are thus divided a true Convulsion is either total by which most part of the Body is contracted or partiall by which one particular member suffereth contraction The Universal Convulsion is caused from the Brain when the Face is plucked together as well as the whole Body or from the marrow of the Back when the Muscles that move the Head and Back are drawn together A particular Convulsion is made from the contraction of the Muscle of some part comming from the
not here trouble my selfe or the reader to insert examples of the aforegoing medicines the Chapters beforegoing together with every Artists ingenuity will sufficiently insorme Take this for a generall rule that when a Catarrh or Deflaxion is caused by excrementitious humours flowing from any of the inferior parts by reason of the naturall passage being stopped you must open the obstruction by often purging or by medicines regarding the nature of the obstruction and by that meanes turn the humours offending into their naturall channell after convenient Evacuations with internall and externall medicines labour to corroborate the head and dry up the humours Internall medicines may be prepared thus or after this manner Take of Coriander seed prepared and Coltsfoot dryed Nutmegs and Frankinsence of each halfe an ounce Liquoris Mastick and Cubebs of each two drachms flos Sulphuris three drachms Conserve of red Roses one ounce with a pound of white Sugar dissolved in popy-Popy-water make rolls weighing three drachms or half an ounce Take one morning and Evening Or you may make Troches in this manner Take of the best Frankincense and juice of Liquoris of each one drachm Lac Sulphuris half a drachm Opium Saffron and Mirrh of each one scruple the oyles of Annise-seed and Nutmegs of each three drops with Diacedium as much as sufficeth to make Troches or if you please you may make them into pills and take halfe a drachm morning and evening It is good to apply bags of hearbs to the fore part of the head which have a drying quality shave the fore part of the head and apply the gum Sacamahaca spread upon a cloath in the forme of a plaister and add thereto a little Mirrh or if you make a fume thereof and shut the Chamber close it profiteth If the defluxion proceed from a hot cause you must administer medicines which have power to thicken the humours to repel and evacuate it you must likewise correct the distempers and fortifie the parts both sending and receiving and that you may so do you must revel or pull bâ—ck the humours by Phlebotomy if nothing hinder it You must thicken the humours by administring Juleps made of the Waters of Plantane Purslane Lettice the Sirrups of Poppies Violets Water-Lillies of dryed Roses and Meconium and such like Having thus thickned and prepared the humours you must evacuate them by gentle Purgatives Take of the Bestrhabarb a drachm infuse lit in any of the afore-named waters as much as is sufficient for a potion six hours in warm Embers strain it out and add to the liquour one ounce of Manna and as much Sirrup of dryed Roses and administer it To make the potion stronger you may dissolve therein Catholicon Diapranam Solative or Lenitive Confectio Hamech c. or such like having respect to the age and strength of your Patient and humour offending You must endeavour to restrain the Flux thus take of Conserve of Roses one ounce Diatraganthum Frigidum and Palyis Haly of each a drachm Bolearmenick prepared with Rose-water a drachm with the Emulsion of the four great cold Seeds and Sirrup of dryed Roses make an Opiate and give the quantity of a Nutmeg to bedward These Troches are much commended take Gum-Dragant and Arabick of each two drams Bolearmenick and Terra Sigillata washed in Rosewater of each one drachm White Poppy seeds and Juyce of Liquorish of each half a drachm Sugar-penid one ounce with the Musilage of Quince-seeds extracted with Rosewater make Troches to be held in in the mouth day and night The Spirit of Sulphur and Vitriol given three or four drops in a convenient Julep morning and evening worketh no small effects against a defluxion especially if it proceed from an inflammation of the bowels If you find the Disease too stubborn to yield to these medicines you must make use of Narcoticks of which Laudanum is none of the worst four or five grains given at bed-time Faventius extolleth these Pills in a Salt Catarrh or defluxion of salt humours Take of the juyce of Liquoris two drachms washed Aloes one drachm Pillulae de Cynoglosso half a drachm with Sirrup of Violets make a Mass and take a scruple thereof at bed-time It is convenient to make pouders to apply to the head which have power to strengthen to stop the defluxion and consume the humours Take of white Amber Benjamin Mastich Nutmegs of each half an ounce Betony Sage Rosemary Lavender Marjarome of each half a handful Frankinsense graits of Kermes Red-roses Peony seeds and Poppy heads of each two drachms Sanders Myrtles Cyprus nuts and Pomegranate flowers of each one drachm make a powder for the lining of a Cap or Quilt or if you had rather you may make a plaister with the same Simples with Wax and Oyl of Rofes according to art and apply it to the head being first shaved CHAP. X. Of Diseases of the Eyes and first of the Diseases proceeding from Obstruction in the Optick Nerves IN the former book having given you a brief account of this worthy member and what varicty of wonderful operations God and Nature hath placed in so little a subject yet of the parts and faculties thereof it is too hard a task for the most exquisite Philosopher to conceive aright or for the most eloquent Orator to express such wonderful notions But seeing God hath indued every man with this member by whose curious inspection he is inabled to pry into all things it is the duty of every Naturalist to exercise this member in finding out its own constitution and curing the distemper and maladies to which it is subject For the benefit of those who want better helps I shall as briefly as may be discover the diseases and cures of the eye as they are in which work I adhere to the opinions of the wise and learned Physitians verified by Reason and my own Experience Sometimes it happeneth that the sight of the eye is totally extinguished and no fault appears in the eye And this cometh to pass either by obstruction or adstriction of the Optick Nerves and is called by the Latines Gutta Serena and Amauresis Obstruction for the most part is the cause of this Disease which happeneth by the flowing down of a watry humour upon the Nerves which causeth blindness or dimness of sight the like obstruction happening to the other Nervs causeth the Palsie Adstriction or compression sometimes happeneth by some moist humour gathered about the Optick Nerves as blood or filthy matter gathered In the brain sometimes bp humours sometimes by inflammation in malignant Feavers and may be the cause of this Disease For the Nerves being thus obstructed or compressed the animal Spirits cannos pass from the brain to the eyes To this I may add that in case by a wound in the head the Optick Nerves be cut without controversie it causeth blindness The sign of this Disease is the loss of sight and the eye appearing in its natural condition onely the Pupilla or sight
humours Take of Cassia newly drawn one ounce and a half Manna dissolved in rose-Rose-water an ounce Catholicon half an ounce Powder of Rubarb two drachms with Sugar sufficient make a Bolus for three times If the body be slagmatick purge with pills of Agarick or Lucis Majores but take this caution along with you that you administer no strong purgation in this distemper without the advice of an able Physition After sufficient Evacuations you may profirably apply a Cataplasme to the forehead and temples that hath an astringent power by which the humours flowing to the eyes may be stopt Take of Bolearmonick Mastich Frankinsence Sanguis Draconis and Wheat-flower of each one drachm the powder of Lentils and Red-Roses of each two seruples with the White of an egge juyce of Nettles Vinegar of Roses of each a like quantity sufficient to make a Cataplasme An Apple roasted with Frankincense and Mastick in it moisten it with the White of an Egg beaten to water and as much of a sound womans breast-milk make a Cataplasme and apply it to the eye or with crums of bread and womans milk with a little Rose water you may make a convenient Cataplasme Then you must prepare Collyries Unguents and Fomentations which must be used with discretion and varied as the pain or inflammation increaseth or decreaseth or as the humours are discussed or fixed c. out of the multiplicity of such medicines I shal insert a few and but a few for brevities sake Take the Salt of Lead one scruple Sal-Armoniack six grains Rose-water and Plantine-water of each three ounces the White of an egge beaten to water one ounce let them be mixed therein and the Salts well dissolved drop a little into the eye morning and evening Quercetan commends the infusion of Crocus Metallorum made in Eye-bright and Fenel-water and used as before Paenotus his Ointment is very good in these ocular inflmamations and the way to prepare it is thus Take of Tutry prepared an ounce and a half Camphire one drachm Verdegreece 12. grains beat the Tutty and the Camphire together in a morter into fine powder likewise the Verdegreece by it self then take of fresh butter or May butter if you can have it one ounce Rosewater one drachm boil them gently together then take them from the fire first put in the Camphire and Tutty then the Verdegreece by degrees stir them well together and strein them through a piece of Sarsenet put it into a glass and keep it for your use anoint the inside of the eye-lids especially about the corners and you shal find ease whether it be a moist or dry inflamation If you make an Ointment of fresh butter and juyce of Tobacco you may do wonders in this case but you must onely anoint the outside of the eye lids In the declination of the Disease you may make a fomentation which hath a power to discusse and resolve of the decoction of Camomel Melliot Roses Eyebright and Marjerom and with clothes foment the eyes If the Disease hath its original from a flegmatick humour your resolvents must be the stronger Baths also the drinking of Wine hath been approved and much commended by Galen and Hippocrates as a means to extenuate dissolve diffuse and discuss the thick humours gathered in the eyes and to open obstructions If you find that the Ophthalmy is caused by defects of the brain by defluxion or a hot distemper of the Liver then labour first to remove the cause as the several Chapters thereof entreating will instruct you Sometimes if the humour cannot be resolved there is a suppuration and an Ulcer sometimes followeth it and sometimes matter gathereth under the Cornea this is called Hypopye this cometh also sometimes by a contusion sometimes it covereth the Pupilla and sometimes compasseth the Circle of the eye and is like a mans nail Hence the Greeks call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 This Disease is known by the inflamation going before the matter is white under the Cornea and when the eye is moved it hath a motion For the cure of this you must if any of the inflamation remain use the aforegoing medicines afterwards do as you are taught in the cure of a Cataract Sometimes not onely in the Cornea but also in the Adnata little blisters do arise like little bubbles like Pearls or Grumwel seed it hath its original from a sharp and watry humour it is called Phlyctaenae in the Adnata they are red in the Cornea white within but if they be on the outside they are black They which are in Cornea are more dangerous then those that are in Adnata and the more superficial they are the less is the danger The cure consisteth in the resolving the matter conjoyned and averting of the antecedent cause labour to prevent a Suppuration lest an Ulcer follow For the particular cure of this Disease you must use those medicines proper for the cure of the Ophthalmy After an Ophthalmy and blisters in the eyes ulcers sometimes happen in the aforesaid Tunicles when the humours there gathered or the blisters come to suppuration and sometimes they follow sharp corroding and watty humours flowing into the eys Some of them are superficial or profound broad or narrow A hollow narrow and hard Ulcer is called in Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Fossula or a little Ditch An Ulcer that is broad and not so deep is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that which cometh in the Circle of the eye is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Ulcus coronale They that are deep solid hard and crusty are called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 If the Ulcer be in the Cornea there will be a small white blemish in the black of the eye If it be in the Adnata there will be a small red blemish in the white of the eye because the Adnata is full of blood All Ulcers in the eyes are dangerous and hard to cure but more in the Cornea than in the Adnata If it happen in the pilla though it be cured it much prejudiceth the sight because it leaveth a scar which hindereth the perspicuity of the Cornea For the Cure you must use such medicines as dry and cleanse moderately such as asswage pain and revel and restrain the humours flowing upon the eyes You can scarcely read thus far and be ignorant of particular medicines yet for the benefit of the unskilful I shall insert one or two Take an egg boiled hard pilled and cut in two pieces take out the yolk and fill the hollow with Sugar-candy and Mirth in Powder tie them last and hang them up in a Cellar and a Water will drop from it which is good to cleanse the eye without pain the water of honey distilled hath been found very effectual But if these medicines are not strong enough do as followeth Take of Plantane Vervane and White rose water of each one ounce honey two ounces the Whites of ten new
laid eggs boiled hard of Mirth Tutty and the white Troches of Rasis of each a drachm Sarcocol Frankincence Aloes and Ceruse of each half a drachm pouder them that are to be powdered and mixe them all in a stone morter then put them into a smal glass body with a head and receiver and distil it in Balneo This Water is excellent against Ulcers in the eys These three Diseases I thought good to annex to the cure of the inflamation of the eyes having a dependency thereupon CHAP. XV. Of the Cancer and Rupture of the Cornea SOmetimes a Cancer groweth up and is perfected in the eye of which there is two sorts either occult or ulcerated The occult is called a Cancerous Tumor or Cancer of the Eye The ulcerated is called a cancerous ulcer in the eye It is known by a blew leaden colour and unequal hardness the veins adjoyning are very full and blew and the eye the temples and the whole head is afflicted with a strong and pricking pain If the Disease be fixed and perfect it is incurable except it be taken away by manual operation but if it be taken in the beginning it may be cured you must administer convenient Physick and adjoyn a sutable diet You must draw bloud on the same side if you finde occasion bleed the Hemorrhoid veins by Leeches and apply them behind the ears after the use of these or the like revulsions purge melancholy often and gently once or twice a week if the body be strong enough purge with the extract of black Hellebore These remedies will much diminish the humours and decrease the pain after which you must use Topicks such as have prepared Tutty and the white Troches in them for which have recourse to the preceding Chapter The flesh of young Pigeons or Chickens applyed to the Cancer hath been found very available The Rupture of the Cornea is when the Tunicle is so divided that the watry humour and sometimes the Uvea cometh forth The cause of both is a Wound Ulcer or a great afflux of humours by which the Cornea is so distended that it cracks and the humours contained are let out and sometimes the Uv a shooteth out Paulus divideth this Disease into four kinds the first cometh forth like the head of a Fly and therefore he calleth it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The second is when a greater part cometh forth and is like the stone of a Raisin and is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The third is when the Eruption is so great that it seemeth like an Apple and is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The fourth is when the Uvea being come forth is hard and is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Cure is very difficult alwayes but for the most part it is incurable After bleeding if need be and purging the peccant humours you must use astringent and glutinating medicines as the white Troches and the white of an Egg dropt into the Eye then make a Cataplasme to the part thus Take the root of Solomons Seal four ounces Quinces pared and fliced two ounces Red-rose leaves a handful Acatia a drachm Saffron two scruples boil these in red wine and Plantane water of each a like quantity as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasme Afterwards to make a perfect consolidation take an ounce of the Mucilage of Gum Traganth made in Plantain water the clarified juyce of Plantain and of the root of Solomons Seal of each one spoonful of the white of an egg beaten to clean water and a womans breast-milk of both a spoonful washed Aloes prepared Tutty and Sarcocol of each two scruples Saffron one scruple pouder what is to be poudered and mix them for a Collyric CHAP. XVI Of the Diseases of the corners of the Eyes and Eye-lids SOmetimes there happeneth a Tumor in the corner of the Eye at the root of the nose if it do not break it is called Anchylops if it do break it is called Aegylops Sometimes this Tumor cometh without inflamation and is bred of a thick flegmatick slimy humour as the Tumors called Atheromata Steatomata c. of which you shall have a brief account in the next book When it cometh with inflamation it is like a Bile with shooting pain and very red and it cometh by thin and cholerick bloud flowing thither and then imposthumateth which being open produceth an Ulcer then it becomes hollow and is called Fistula Lachrymalis The Cure is very difficult because it is ill applying medicines the eye being so near If it hath not been of long continuance and the Orifice to be seen externally it may be cured by medicines But if it hath continued a year the Bone is foul and hard to be cured without burning If it turns to a Cancer it is incurable because medicines will enlarge it and increase pain and is known by the hardness and blewness of the skin the extension of the veins and extremity of the pain You must open a vein if nothing hinder and revel the humours by purging which you may do by these following Pills viz. Cochiae Arabicae Aureae and Lucis Majoris then you must endeavour to stop the progress by repelling medicines take the juyce of Night shade Shepheards purse and Knotgrasse of each two ounces Acacia the flowers of Balaustines Bolearmeniack Gauls Frankincense and Roch-allum of each a drachm boil them well together then with four ounces of white Wax and four drachms of Turpentine make a Cerate to be applyed to the fore-head Afterwards endeavour to resolve the humours Amatus Lucitanus commends this following Cerate Take of the Powder of Cockle-shels two drams Mirrh Aloes and Frankinsence of each half an ounce Sarcocol Sanguis Draconis and Ceruse of each three drachms Opopanax dissolved in Wine Vinegar and Bloud-stone of each one drachm and an half Saffron two scruples Wax and Rozen of each three ounces make a Cerate according to art and apply it to the corner of the Eye and Forehead If after all this it will come to Suppuration make use of such things as will hasten it least the humours corrode the part apply a Plaister of Diachilon Simplex If an inflamation approach apply a Cataplasme made with white bread and milk If it break not suddenly open it with a Launcet cleanse the Ulcer and heal it But if it prove a Fistula you must be the more careful first to cleanse it thus Take of Aqua vitae and Honey of Roses of each one ounce Mirrh two ounces with Allum and Verdegreece of each a drachm boil them together and make a Liniment Unguentum Aegyptiacum and Apostolorum is of great virtue in this case If the bone be foul it must be cured by an actual Cautery yet Fabricius Hildanus saith he cured a Lachrimal Fistula with medicines he applyed Euphorbium and upon the same an Emplaister of Gum-Elemi and this he did till he skaled the bone afterwards with the Tolutan Balsome a drop upon a little lint he incarnated and
the Ear. If the Humor be sharp and you find sharp Medicines disagreeing to it make use of the Oyls and yelks of Eggs of sweet and bitter Almonds If any thing be fallen into the Ear you must endeavour to get it out with an Ear-picker but beware lest you thrust it further If you cannot prevail so inject Oyl into the Ear to relax it that it may the easier come out and anoint the Ear-picker with Birdlime and see if by that means you can draw it out Provoke sneesing with the Mouth and Nostrils shut and by that means it may be forced out If a Flea being got into the Ear procure pain and trouble to the Patient make a little Ball of Dogs hair and put it into the Ear and the Flea will come into it If by swimming or washing the Head Water getteth into the Ear and is the cause of pain hop on the contrary foot to that side and hold your Ear downwards or put in a dry Spunge into the Ear and as it groweth moist take it out and put in more till you be freed CHAP. XVIII Of the Diseases of the Nostrils AS God and Nature hath wisely instituted and ordained this Member as needful and official to the service of the body so the Corruption of Nature by our Fall hath brought many Distempers therein viz. the Ulcer of the Nostrils and Ozaena Sarcoma and Polypus the loss of Smelling in the Nose the Coryza Sneezing and Bleeding the last of which I shall treat of in a Chapter by it self and speak briefly of the rest in this Chapter And first of the Ulcer of the Nostrils which whilest it is new is called the simple Ulcer of the Nostrils when it is old it is called Ozaena The cause of the simple Ulcer is either internal or external Internal when a sharp or salt Humour floweth to the pare External either by a Wound or Contusion The cause of Ozaena is a malignant and acrimonious Humour or the other Ulcer neglected They are easily known and distinguished one from the other The simple Ulcer causeth but little pain sometimes sends forth bloud and sometimes casteth forth a Scab The Ozaena is more painfuls foul and stinking anoying not onely the Patient but all that come near him If it turn to a Cancer it eateth the Gristle of the Nose and destroyeth the Pallat and for the most part hath its original from the French Pox or Elephantiasis The New Ulcer may be easily cured the old one hardly If it turn to a Cancer it is never cured If it hath its original from the French Pox or Elephantiasis it cannot be cured till the Disease be cured For the Cure you must use convenient Evacuations Purging and Bleeding Revulsions and Derivations by Cupping Vesicatories or Causticks applyed to the hinder parts and then strengthen the head and withall appoint a good Diet which may hinder and asswage the sharpness of the Humour This being done if the Ulcer be covered with a Scab you must endeavour to take it off gently and not rashly for fear of a Defluxion of Humours and to that end you must mollifie the Scab with Oyl of sweet Almonds or fresh Butter and warm Water Then you must cleanse it by washing it with Barley Water and if you mix a little Oyl of Roses with it it will not be the worse then apply Medicines which are astringent as the Oytment of Tutty the white Oyntment more commonly known by the Latine Name Unguentum Album the Oyl of the yolks of Eggs the Oyntment of Tobacco is good being carefully applyed Ozaena must be carefully cleansed Take of Smiths water half a pint Barley water four ounces the juyce of Plantane and Wormwood of each two Ounces boil them together till half be consumed and scum it carefully then put in sour Ounces of Honey of Roses let the diseased often snuff it up into his Nostrils wherein the ulcer is You may make an Oyntment more powerful for this purpose thus Take of the juyce of unripe Grapes half an Ounce the Peels and Flowers of Pomegranates of each three drachms of Myrrh Allum and Laudanum of each two drachms Aloes Chalcitis and Frankincense of each one drachm the Oyl of Roses and Myrtles of each two Ounces with red Wax as much as sufficeth to make an unguent which apply to the ulcer Or you may wash it with Allum Water and if it want cleansing mixe a little Aegyptiacum with it The sublimate Water doth dry and cleanse wonderfully and you may prepare it thus Take of Crude Sublimate in Powder twelve Grains put it into four Ounces of Plantane water and boil it to the consumption of half Now and then touch it with this water When it is throughly cleansed you must prepare Medicines which are powerful to dry it up Rondeletius commendeth the smoke of a Wax Candle taken up into the Nose often or you may make a Fume thus Take of Labdanum Benjamin Hypocistis Maslich Myrrh Red Storax and Calamith Sandarach Frankincense Bark and red Arsenick of each three drachms with surpentine sufficient to make Troches of which let the Patient take the Fume Morning and Evening Sarcoma and Polypus is a preternatural Tumor or Excrescency of Flesh in the Nose The first groweth without shape like proud flesh but Polypus springeth as it were from small Roots and hangeth down to the lower part of the Nose and sometimes out of the Nose If it be rooted high it sometimes falleth into the passage that goeth into the Pallat. It is a spungie soft flesh white red or blew and it is fuller at the full of the Moon then at the Change The cause of both is a gross Humour coming from the Brain mixed with bloud The first for the most part is easily cured The second with more difficulty The lower it is rooted in the Nostril the easier may the Cure be effected If it be soft white or red it is more easily cured but if hard and blew it is dangerous You must prescribe a dry and attenuating Diet you must purge the Humour you see abound you must revel and repel the Humours and strengthen the Head as you are taught in the aforegoing Chapters Then you must apply such Medicines to the Tumour as are drying and astringent If it may not be thus cured it must be taken off by a Caustick or by Incision But apply the mildest Medicines first Take the Juyce of the three sorts of Pomegranates beil it to the thickness of Honey apply it often to the Excrescencie Then make use of this Sublimate Water spoken of before in the Ulcer This following Water is commended by Weckerus Take of unripe Grapes three pound Pomegranate Peels and Flowers and Sumach of each two pound macerate them in Vinegar and distil them then add to the water thus distilled Allum one pound Vitriol three Ounces Distil them again and with this water often touch the Tumor for it hath a great power to dry and consume it You
for which purpose this Gargarism is good Take Violet-leaves Mallows and Parsly of each one handfull whole Barley four ounces Figs and Raisons stoned of each three ounces the seed of Flax and Fenugreek of each one ounce Spring water a quart boyle it to the Consumption of halfe straine it and add four ounces of the syrrup of Jujubes use it as the other before When the humors are suppurate if it break not make incision then cleanse it with Plantane water and Hony of Roses There is another Tumor under the Tongue called by the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Latines Ranula because it representeth the hinder part of a Frog also because they that are thus affected when they speak do Croake like a Frog This humor is a loose and soft carnosity under the Tongue the tumor therein contained is somtimes hot though for the most part it is cold slimy and pituitous matter which when it is opened is like the white of an Egge somtimes mixed with yellow This disease is not for the most part accounted dangerous unlesse it be in a Child or the humor be Cancrous If nothing prohibite you must begin the Cure with blood-letting that so the humors may be the more obedient you must likewise purge the peccant humors with discretion then you may endeavour to disolve and discusse the humor thus Take of green Mugwort and Hysop of each one handfull Common Salt and Salt Armoniack of each two drachms Galls one drachm beat them well together rub the place often with it But if it submit not to this way of Cure as it seldom doth you must open it with a large Orifice and if you open it on both sides it will be the better Some commend a Cautery of iron after you have opened it squeez out the matter with your finger then wash it with White-Wine and Hony of Roses or thus Take of White Wine and Plantane water of each two ounces dissolve a drachm of Allum then add twenty drops of the Oyle of Sulphur with an ounce of syrrup of Mulberrys make a Lotion and wash the place till it be whole Somtimes the Tongue suffereth a Palsie by which it is deprived of its motion Somtimes it followeth an Apoplexy and somtimes it is joyned with a Palsey which afflicts half the body somtimes it is only in the Tongue when its nerves and moving Muscles are prejudiced by some moist or pituitous matter Somtimes those Nerves may be cut and the Palsie may follow Avicen confirmeth this opinion by an example in his time of a certaine man being cupped and scarified by which the small Nerve was cut and caused a relaxation of the Tongue If this Palsie follow an Apoplexy and the other parts of the body be affected and the Patient be old it is incurable If you have hopes of recovery you must take away the Antecedent cause lodged in the braine and you must dissolve and discusse the conjunct cause viz. the humors which obstruct the Nerves and hinder the motion of the Tongue If you see occasion you may make use of Phlebotomy it profiteth much to open a Vein under the Tongue you may purge with Pills or Cephalick Apozems you may rarifie the humors by sweating drinks cuppings vesicatoryes Cauteryes may be applyed for discussing and drawing forth of the humor let Gargarisms Masticatories and Errhies be followed for strengthening the braine and dispersing offending humors therein contained make use of Fumigations Powders and Quilts for the head for the making and application of which I refer you to the second Chapter of this Book CHAP. XXI Of the Diseases of the Teeth THE Teeth also are subject to Distempers viz. the ache and foulness and rottenness The Tooth-ache is caused by a Flux of Humours either hot or cold which flow to the Membrane Nerves or to the substance of the Teeth Sometimes Worms are bred in hollow and rotten Teeth of an Excrementitious Humour which causeth pain sometimes Wind contained between the Cavity and the Nerve doth cause pain The External Causes are cold Air and South Winds Likewise the debility of the part as hollowness or rottenness of the Teeth do sometimes cause pain Every cause is known by its proper sign for if a hot Humour falling upon the part be the cause the pain is more violent the Patient is sensible of heat about the Teeth and Gums hot Medicines encreasoth pain Signs contrary to these do declare the Humour peccant to be cold If the cause be Worms the pain is with intermission and their motion may be felt If Wind cause the pain it is exceeding violent with sensible extension yet quickly ending after the use of discussing Medicines If it be a hot Humour that causeth the Tooth-ach it is good to open a Vein on the same side by which the Humours are revelled and though the Humour be cold yet Phlebotomy may be needful to revel the Defluxion but it must be regulated according to the age and strength of the Patient The next day you may purge the Humour that principally offendeth Cupping is sometimes requisite and fâ—r the most part Vesicatories to the Neck and behind the Ears are successful to draw back the Humours Astringent Medicines to the Temples are good to hinder the Defluxion Of Plaisters these are good Emplastrum de Mastiche ad Herniam and Gum Elemi spread and applyed to the Temples and behind the Ears Riverius commendeth the Root of Comfry bruised and applyed as before to hinder the Defluxion Riverius Physitian to Henry the Great commendeth this Plaister Take of Cyprus Nuts Red Roses Mustard seed torrified Mastich and Terra Sigillata of each one drachm and an half Steep them in Vinegar of Roses twenty four hours and then dry them Opium three drachms dissolved in Aqua Vitae Pitch and Colophonia of each one drachm Yellow Wax melted in the expressed Oyls of Henbane and White Poppy as much as is sufficient to make an Emplaister which must be applyed as before The Oyl of Bitter Almonds or Vinegar put into the Ear is good to stay the Defluxion if it proceed from a hot cause If the Humours be cold put the Oyl of Rue or a Clove of Garlick into the Ear and wash the Teeth with Red Wine wherein is boiled the Roots of Bistort Cinquefoil Tormentil the Leaves of Vervain Peny-royal and Galls and anoint the Checks or the Check on the same side with the Oyls of Camomel Rue or Roses to asswage the paâ—n If the Tooth-ache come from a hot cause boil the Leaves of Henbane spotted Arsmart Housleek and Nettle Roots in Vinegar and wash the Teeth and to asswage pain anoint the Checks with the Oyl of Lillies Roses sweet Almonds Or you may make a Cataplasm with Barley and Bean Meal the juyce of Housleek and Milk and the aforesaid Oyls and if you add a small quantity of Opium to it it will not be amiss But take this Caution that if the Checks be swelled beware how you
Ounces Sugar of Roses and the Oyl of sweet Almonds of each one Ounce make a Julep and give it The drinking of Mineral Waters is good Before you endeavour to heal it you must endeavour to cleanse the Stomach as well as the Ulcer Take of Cassia one Ounce Powder of Rubarb one Scruple dissolve it in Whey and drink it you may with this or the like Purgers which attract not the Humours to the part cleanse the Stomach as often as Necessity requireth Then fement the Stomach with the Decoction of Comphry roots Quinces Wormwood Roses Pomegranate flowers and peels Myrtles Galls Frankincense Mastick and the like then apply astringent Unguents and Emplaisters to the Stomach and inwardly give Medicines of the same Nature Take of the Conserve of Roses and Comphrey roots and of Marmalad of Quinces of each one Ounce Bolearmenick Sanguis Draconis Terra Sigillata of each one Drachm Gum Arabick Red Corall and Blood stone of each half a Drachm Hypocistis Sarcocol and Frankincense of each one Scruple with Sirrup of Comphrey make an Opiate a little of which let the Patient take often if his Stomach loath the often use of one Medicine let Troches be made of the Powders and the Musilage of gum Traganth or into any other form How to make Troches see the fourth Book Give him for his Food in the mean time Chicken Broth and boil therein astringent Herbs fresh Barley and China Root CHAP. XLIII Of the Chollick The attractive and digestive Facultyes are not only hurt but the expulsive Faculty which chiefly respects the Intestines may also be defective and cause many distempers in the Body the first of which is the Chollick This Disease took its Name from the Part affected which is the Gut called by the Greek Colon and the Disease 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is caused by excrementitious Matter retained too long and by distending pricking or corroding causeth grievous pain Sometimes it is caused through Crudities bred by a cold Distemper of the Stomach and Intestines which causeth Wind to afflict the Guts being obstructed especially the Gut Coion sometimes cold grosse and phlegmatick Humours sticking to the Tunicles or Coats of the Guts cause constriction and divulsion and a gnawing pain also salt and sharp cholerick and melancholy sowr Humours by pricking and twitching the Cuts cause Pain Here note that if Wind or Humours remain onely in the Cavity of the Guts they might be easily excluded by evacuating cleansing and curminative Medicines but being for the most part fixed to the Coats of the Guts they are not expelled without difficulty There are other lesse usual Causes of the Chollick viz. Tumors in the adjoyning parts causing compression of the Guts Tumors and Inflammations in the Intestines causing Narrownesse Knots of Worms or Stones bred in the Guts which stop them sometimes a poysonous and malignant Matter engendreth a pestilent Chollick or Plague in the Guts The External causes are either a cold Aire which doth constringe the Belly or an Air too hot indurating the Excrements Raw Fruit Meats grosse and of hard Digestion in a Word every thing which disturbeth the concoction of the Stomach may here be taken for an External cause Diagnostick Signes are a very sharp pain sometimes moveable sometimes in the Region of the Stomach Liver Spleen Reins sometimes above and sometimes beneath the Nayel oftentimes in the left side so that by comparison of other Signes you must distinguish between this and the Spleen and Stone The Pain is like the Boaring of an Auger he vomiteth chole rick and phlegmatick Matter if the Stomach consenteth The pain is greater after Meat the Belly for the most part is bound that the Patient cannot so much as break Wind when he voideth Excrements they are windy like Cow dung with Water on the Top. The causes are also distinguished by their Signes If Phlegm be the cause the pain is not so violent the Sick hath used a phlegmatick Diet but if Wind be joyned with it the part seemeth as if it were boared through with a Wimble the Urine is crude and white yet sometimes the violent Pain enflameth the Spirits and the Urine appeareth yellow or red He is better for hot and the worse for cold things If cholerick Humours cause the Chollick there is a violent pulling and pricking Pain the Urine is cholerick a Diet breeding Choller went before he is the worse for hot Medicines there is great Heat Thirst and sometimes a Feaver If the Chollick proceed from Wind there is a stretching Pain and the Belly swelleth and the Wind rumbleth therein he findeth ease when he breaketh it If the Wind be in the Cavity the Pain is moveable and encreaseth and decreaseth If in the Coats of the Guts the Pain is fixed in respect of place and constant Prognostick signes are It the Chollick be gentle moveable and the Belly soluble it is easily cured on the contrary if the Pain be great and fixed the Belly bound the Patient wanteth Sleep vomiteth and is troubled with cold Sweats Hiccoughs Doting and Coldnesse of the extream parts it is alwayes dangerous and for the most part deadly An Epidemical and pestilent Chollick is very dâ—…ous If it come of sharp chollerick Humours â—…generateth sometimes into other worse Diseases as the Palsy Falling-Sicknesse and the Gout You must vary the Cure according to the diversity of Causes if Phlegm and Wind be the cause you must administer an emollient discussing and carminative Clister See Chap. 41 Of Pain in the Stomath three or four times in a day Or make a Decoction of emollient and carminative Herbs and boil therein three Drachms of Colloquintida If two or three Clisters provoke not to Stool make use of this Suppository Take of Hony sodden half an Ounce Hiera piera one Drachm Diacolo-Cynthidos one Scruple Salt Gemm half a Scruple mix them and make a Suppository It is not amisse if after all this you purge the noxious Humours mixing with your purge Narcoticks See Forrestus his Medicine prescribed in the aforenamed Chap. Or give an Ounce and an half of Manna of Oyl of Sweet Almonds newly drawn two Ounces give it in Broth. Then you must foment bathe or anoint the Belly See the aforesaid 41 Chap. The Bowels of a Wolf pulverized and the white Dung of the same is much commended if the Patient take a Drachm in white Wine The Electuary of Bay berries taken as much as a Nutmeg often easeth Pain This Medicine I have used with good Successe Take of Pellitory of the Wall Mints Parslypearch of each one handfull the Roots of Fennel Parsley Marshmallows and Butchers Broom of each half a handfull Juniper Berries one Ounce the Seeds of Aunis sweet Fennel and Cummis of each half an Ounce Bay berries three Drachms bruize slice and powder them Infuse them in white wine twenty four houres and distill it in Balneo after sufficient Evacuations give one Ounce Galen much commendeth the Application of a Cupping-glasse to the Navil
and the Troches of Amber of each half a Drachm with Sirrup of Comphrey make an Opiate and let the Patient take a little often Take of the Powder of Rubarb one Ounce the Troches of Sanders two Drachms mix it and give the Patient two Drachms twice a day it evacuateth the Matter and strengthneth the Bowels Both the Sirrup Magistery and Tincture of Coral availeth much and the Decoction of Juniper Berryes in red Wine is no lesse effectual If it continue long and your Patient's strength much decay give Laudanum among your other Medicines The Fume of Fleabane and Mullein taken through a hollow Chair is excellent The Conserve of Hips is good against a cholerick Flux you may mix with it such things which are astringent I shall say no more of the Cure of this Disease but refer you to the next Chapter Onely this if the Disease come by consent of other parts seek the Cure in their proper Chapters CHAP. XLVII Of the Dysentery or Bloody Flux 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a bloody Loosenesse of the Belly depending upon the Ulceration of the Intestines but it is commonly taken for every Bloody Flux the Latines call it Tormina because of the Torture the Patient endureth Galen mentioneth four kinds of Fluxes which he calleth Dysenteries The first is when any usual Evacuation of Blood as the Haemorrhoids or at the Nose is omitted or impedited or any part of the body is hurt and by that means the Blood is sent to the Intestines and voided by the Belly The second is when watry Blood is voided by reason of the weakness of the of the Liver of this I shall treat hereafter The third is when Blood mixed with Melancholy and burnt by reason of long Retention in the Liver and Spleen is evacuated and shineth The last and that which I am now to discourse on is when Blood and Excrements are mixed together and sometimes also Matter is mixed therewith and is evacuated with Torture to the Patient by reason of Ulceration in the Guts this is the proper Dysentery The internal Causes are sharp and ulcerating Humours yellow green and black Choller Salt Phlegm in the Head bred by Heat or in the Belly by putrefaction which being brought to the Guts and sticking to them ulcerateth the part The Causes external are all things which make sharp and evil Humours Meats which soon putrify Fruits which are soon rotten all things unripe the Air thus qualifyed the Winter cold and dry and the Spring very wet and ful of South Winds cause Dysenteryes in the Summer Or if the Winter be wet and full of South Winds and a dry Spring and the North Winds blow much such a Season produceth Dysenteryes Sometimes the Air is infected and produceth a contagious and epidemical Dysentery which is so infectious that the Excrements of the Sick being cast into a Privy infecteth all that sit over it The Diagnostick Signes are often and bloody Evacuations with Pain in the Belly Watching Thirsting Loathing of Meat sometimes a Feaver If the small Guts are affected the Pain is vehement like the pricking of Pins because they are of more exquisite Sense they go not to Stool presently after the Pain and the Blood is mixed with the Excrements The contrary judge if it be in the great Guts the Pain not so sharp they go to Stool presently after and the Blood swimmeth on the top of or a little mixed with the Excrements You may judge of the Humour causing this Disease by the Colour of the Excrements Age and Temperament of the Patient and Season of the year Thus the Prognosticks are made Dysenteryes caused by black Choller are deadly if it be not Critical because the Ulcer groweth cancerous be sure you judg aright between Melancholy and Blood congealed If Loathing of Meat and a Feaver accompany it it is dangerous If pieces of Flesh be voided it is deadly Much Watching great Thirst black bloody and stinking Stools without a Mixture of Humours Hiccough cholerick Vomitings Pain in the Liver and Midriff are for the most part deadly Signes If Choler or sharp Diet be the cause of this Disease it is easily cured salt-Phlegm is worse because it sticks longer to the Guts If this Disease happen to one troubled with a disease in the Spleen or the Gout it is good saith Hippocrates because the Matter is sent forth but this is rather a Diarrhae a then a Dysentery To cure you must evacuate sharp Humours you must asswage Pain cleanse consolidate and dry the Ulcer and stop the Flux To evacuate the Humours you must purge every second third or fourth day according to your Patients Age Strength Season of the year and the like Rubarb is exceeding good in this Disease given a Drachm or a Drachm and an half or two Drachms Or made into a Potion thus Take of Liquorish scraped and sliced and Raisons of the Sun of each three Drachms Tamarinds and yellow Myrabolans of each two Drachms boil them in Barly and Plantane water to three Ounces in which streined infuse a Drachm of Rubarb thin sliced then add one Ounce of the Sirrup of Roses solutive and make a Potion if you think it not strong enough add of Diacatholicon three Drachms or you may give the Rubarb in Powder in the aforesaid Decoction If the Dysentery be accompanied with a Feaver and Inflammation of the Bowels open a Vein and let the Patient bleed according to his Strength Sometimes vomiting is profitable to revell the Humours which fall from the Stomach to the Intestines Omit not vomiting if you find the Stomach very foul Especially if the Sick be inclinable to vomit for then Nature dictates the right way and ought to be imitated In the mean while you must give asswaging mild and cleansing Clisters afterwards glutinous and astringent Thus Take of the Roots of Marshmallows Butter-burr of each one handful Camomil Flowers one Pugil the Seeds of Flax and Fleabane of each two Drachms boil them in Barly water or Milk Chalybeated or Mutton Capon or Sheeps Head Broth to a Pint strain it and dissolve therein the yolks of four Eggs well beaten Oyl of Roses and Sirrup of Quinces of each one Ounce and make a Clister If the Ulcer want cleansing add Century and Wormwood to the former Decoction and to the strained Liquor add Turpentine dissolved in the yolk of an Egg the chymical Oyl of Wax of each one Drachm When there is need of more binding and glutinating make a Clister thus Take of the Roots of Comphry Tormentill and Bistort of each one Ounce Plantane Shepherds purse Knot-grasse and Mous-ear of each one handfull Pomegranate Flowers Mirtles Acorn cups and Cypresse Nuts of each one Drachm parched Rice French Barly and red Roses of each one Pugill Make a Decoction in Smiths water to a Pint of the straining add of the Juyce of Plantane and Yarrow of each one Ounce and the yolks of two roasted Eggs. Or insteed of the Juyces you may add
Chyle of which Worms breed and are nourished but this remember they are not proper Remedies in Feavers Therefore if the Sick hath a Feaver you must be careful how you administer hot Medicines the like you must observe if you administer any thing to people of hot Natures Women do commonly give Wormseed to their Children for the Worms mixed with sweet things which is a Medicine not to be despised But least it should hurt by its Hear infuse it two hours in Vinegar afterwards mix it with boyled Hony and make an Opiate which Amatus Lusitanus much commendeth Forrestus as highly commendeth burnt Harts-horn given with Raisons Aloes are much in use likewise but the Pill de Aloe rosata is much better if half a Drachm be given at Night The Juyce of Lemmons is good if there be a Feaver and a good corrigent for hotter Medicines If they have not a Feaver the Chymical Oyl of Juniper given one drop in Broth is excellent and no lesse effectual is spring Water made sharp with Oyl of Vitriol Many and those very learned Physitians have much commended Quicksilver who say it may be taken in a moderate quantity with admirable successe and without the least danger to the Body for Dioscorides saith that it killeth no otherwise but by tearing the Guts with its great weight therefore we fear not to give it in a small Quantity because its Weight and Roundnesse will easily carry it through the Body Of this opinion also was Mathiolus Brassavolus Fallovius Platerus Fabricius Hildanus John Baptista Zappata Baricellus ' Sanctorius and many others who extol the benefit of this Medicine to the heavens for its Virtue and say they never found any inconvenience by it Those that dread the use of that let them use Mercurius Dulcis well prepared the Dose for once taking is from eight to ten Grains for a Boy of ten years of Age it will be better if you mix of Diagridium half the weight of the former to carry it sooner out of the Body and to expel the Worms if you give it to a child yonger or to a weak Child give it in a smaller quantity Lastly you may make Topicks of what form you please to apply to the Belly Take of the Oyls of Wormwood Mints and bitter Almonds of each one Ounce the Juyce of Wormwood and Rue of each two Ounces Wormseed Aloes and Elicampane in powder of each a Drachm Colloquintida six Drachms of the Gall of an Ox two or three Ounces with Wax sufficient to make an Unguent or so much if you please as will make a Plaister and apply it if the Sick be loose leave out the Colloquintida CHAP. LI. Of the immoderate Flux of the Haemorrhoids Though a moderate Flux of the Haemorrhoids be healthfull and preserveth a man from many and dangerous Diseases viz. the Pleurisy Peripneumonia Stone in the Kidneys Madnesse Melancholy and from many other Diseases yet the immoderate Flux is very perillous and brings many pernicious Diseases viz. Weaknesse of the whole Body Coolnesse of the Bowels and Liver an Arrophy Cachexia and Dropsy for want of natural Heat for by this Flux the Blood is wasted which is the Treasure of life and Cherisher of the whole Body This Flux hath the same Cause that other bleedings have viz. Blood offending in Quantity or Quality In Quantity when plenty of Blood it brought to the Haemorrhoid Veins and dilateth and openeth the Orifices or overmastereth the retentive Faculty hence followeth a Flux If the Blood offend in Quality as Sharpnesse and Thinnesse it stirrs up the expulsive Faculty and sendeth forth both good and bad Blood This Disease is known by weaknesse and a yellowish Colour of the Body comming upon a long Flux of the Haemorrhoids If too much Blood be the Cause of the Flux there went before Causes of encrease of Blood and the beginning of the Flux was a refreshment to the Patient but the Flux continuing he grows weak If the Flux came from Sharpnesse and Thinnesse of the Blood there preceded Causes which breed Choller or sharp Water the Body is of a cholerick Constitution the Blood floweth violently and is shining whereas if it offend onely in Quantity it is black and Melancholy To perform the Cure you must stanch or moderate the Blood by revelling deriving thickning and astringing Means First open a Vein in the Arm and if the Patient hath not lost much Blood but aboundeth therewith draw Blood plentifully otherwise draw little and often Rub and bind the superior parts and Cup and Scarify the Shoulders that the Blood may be revelled By gentle Purges derive the cholerick Humours which make the Blood so violent purge with such things as have an astringent Quality as Rubarb Myrabolans Tamarinds such as are prescribed against vomiting of Blood and bleeding at the Nose But beware lest the Body be too much bound lest by straining the Veins will be more open therefore after the use of astringents let the Patient eat sharp French Prunes before and after Meat Then you must give such things as may thicken the Blood have recourse to the 19 30 and 39 Chapters Lastly you must prepare astringent Fomentations and Unguents to be applyed to the Haemorreoid Veins boil Mullein in Smith's water and foment or you may add other Herbs of the same Nature to it thus Take of the Roots of Bistort half a Pound the Leaves of Plantane Mullein Shepherds purse Bramble and Oak Leavs of each two Handfulls Pomegranate Flowers and Peels Galls and Sumach berries of each one Handfull red Roses two Pugills Myrtles half a Drachm Allum one Ounce boil them in three parts of Smith's Water and one of red Wine and soment the part therewith but let it be but moderately hot Or with a greater quantity of the Simples you may make a Bath for the Sick to sit in but let it not be hot Or you may make an Ointment with their Juyces and Bolearmenick Terra Sigillata Sanguis Draconis Ceruse Vinegar and such like Unguentum Comitissae is good to anoint the Veins and the Back The Dripping of un Eel is much commended Or take the Hairs of an Hare burnt Spiders Webs mixed with the white of an Egg and apply it Or touch the Vein with Oyl of Vitriol and in a desperate Case with Aqua Fortis If the Veins should ulcerate cleanse the Ulcer as you are taught in divers places of this Treatise But be sure you consider the State of the Liver and Spleen if they be hot or weak cool or strengthen them as you are taught in their proper Chapters CHAP. LII Of the pain of the Haemorrhoids THe Haemorrhoid-Veins sometimes do swell and cause very great pain The cause of this differeth not from the former for the blood offending in quantity or quality and cannot open the ends of the Veins causeth a Tumor or inflammation These Tumours are sometimes like Grapes Mulberries Warts and sometimes like bladders Some are externall others internall It is convenient
Couch-grasse Garden and Horse-radish Maddir Marsh and common Mallows Liquorish Onions Parsly Knot-grass the Leavs of Bettony Camomill Penny-royall Marsh-Mallows Pellitory of the Wall Maiden-hair Parsly peart Filipendula Saxifrage Savin Burnet Goats-Thorne Kidney-Wort Melilot Golden-Rod the seeds of Nettles Parsly Gromwell Burdock Winter Cherryes Bay Ivy and Juniper Berries the four cold Seeds the stones of Hips Haws Medlers c Of these you may make Decoctions Powders or distilled Waters and the like the Description of which sot brevity sake I will omit Quercetanus in his Dispensatory commendeth this following Powder Take of the inward skins of Hen's Gizzards and their white Dung of each half an Ounce the inward skins of Egg shels dried and powdered two Ounces and an half Rupture-wort and Cinnamon of each four Scruples the Stones of Medlars two Drachms the Seeds of Annise and Fennell of each one Ounce powder them and give half a Drachm or a Drachm in white-Wine Goats Blood prepared is excellent and the Water distilled from it in Balneo Mariae doth wonders And some do commend the Urine of a Goat taken out whilst he is alive and drunk and the Entrails applyed Chymists do highly extoll their Salts and Experience tells us that if they be well prepared and carefully administred they work no small effects viz. the Salt of Bean Cods or stalks of Camomill Tartar vitriolate Oyl of Vitriol the Spirit of Salt Mercurius Dulcis c. Zacutus Lusitanus commendeth the naturall Balsom a few drops thereof taken with Oyl of sweet-Almonds Crato had as good an Opinion of Filberts eaten and confirms his opinion by Experience Minerall Waters are good for they do not onely dissolve the slimy Tartarous Matter which breeds the Stone but also allayeth the hot Distemper of the Liver and Reins Of all Diuretick Medicines Turpetine is the safest given the Quantity of a Nut with Sugar every Morning for Diureticks taken very often for the most part hurt by carrying the Humours from other parts to the Reins but Turpetine seldom or never worketh any evill effect You may use it thus Take of Venice Turpetine washed with Saxifrage Water half an Ounce Cassia newly drawn six Drachms Ruharb and Liquorish in Powder of each half a Drachm mix them and make a Bolus To conclude give Clisters often or if you see it more convenient purge the Body between your Diuretick Potions for the reason before given your best Purgations are Cassia Diaphaenicon Rubarb and such like If the Liver and Reins are distempered by Heat make use of those Medicines prescribed against the hot Distemper of the Liver If Crudities in the Stomach be the Cause seek Medicines out of the Chapters which treat of the Diseases of the Stomach If you do carefully consider the Cause or from what part of the Body the Reins fetch their stony Materials and order your Medicines accordingly with prudence and reason by the blessing of God you may find the Cure of the Stone not to be so difficult as it is commonly adjudged For my part I have cured several people who have been grievously vexed with this Grief for which Mercy I do and shall praise God CHAP. LXIII Of the Stone in the Bladder I Shall speak nothing of the Cause of the Stone in the Bladder the material and efficient Cause being the same with that of the Reins This Disease happeneth to Children oftner then to people of riper Age who are more subject to the Stone in the Reins because Children eating much and often their Urine is thick and the expulsive Faculty in the Reins is stronger in them then in men and sendeth the Urine speedily to the Bladder where being long kept by reason of much sleep or play the Urine settleth and is retained till it by Heat becometh a Stone for the passage is narrow in Children and the Urine not being very sharp doth not powerfully provoke the expulsive Faculty Fernelius was of an Opinion that the Stone in the Bladder was alwayes first bred in the Reins and falling from thence into the Bladder and getting fresh Matter there encreaseth Fern Lib. 6 cap. 13. pag. 317. Many times it so happeneth but daily Experience teacheth that many have the Stone in the Bladder who never had pain in the Reins especially Children The Knowledg of this Disease in the beginning is difficult but when the Stone is grown great is evident enough to the Patient's sorrow The first sign is pain in the Neck of the Bladder reaching to the end of the yard especially after pissing The yard itcheth and the Patient handleth it often He feeleth a great Weight about the Neck of the Bladder when the Stone is grown great the Urine suddenly stoppeth and he is in pain like a Woman in travel his yard standeth often and he maketh Water with most ease lying upon his back because then the Stone falleth out of the Neck of the Bladder When he hath need to make Water he is also much provoked to goe to stool by reason of the consent of the Sphincter Muscles of the Anus and Bladder being moved by the Branches of the same Nerve Many signs more I might insert but these I think sufficient for the ingenious To be fully satisfyed the best way is to make use of the Catheter This Disease is alwayes exceeding painfull and no lesse dangerous if the Stone be like Flint it can never be dissolved if soft or brittle it may be dissolved by the long use of strong Medicines but sew there are that have Patience enough to make use of so many Medicines The Cure is not altogether so difficult in Women as in Men because the passage in them is wider In the year 1656 I cured a Woman who was a long time grieved with the Stone and intended to venture upon the last and terrible Cure by Cutting with in the space of a Month having first dissolved part of the Stone by Medicines she voided a Stone without the help of manuall operation in bignesse two Inches in length an Inch and an half without prejudice to the Uritery parts she was then aged 63 and is yet a live and lusty to praise God for so great a deliverance For to perfect the Cure you must do as you are taught in the foregoing Chapter so that I need not here repeat any thing onely lay down the Medicine so much commended by Horatius Augenius it is thus prepared Take of Sows or Wood Lice prepared a Drachm or four Scruples Aqua vitae two Scruples the Broth of red Cicers nine or ten Ounces take it in the Morning fasting Sennertus also commends it and this Medicine likewise Take of Salt of white Tartar one Ounce Parsly water one Pint mix them and strain them with a brown paper If after the use of Medicines you find the Neck of the Bladder wounded or much pained by the roughnesse of the Stone make a Decoction thus Take of the Roots of Marsh Mallows Fennel Coughgrasse and Cammock of each one
Ounce Liquorish two Drachms Camomill and Saxifrage of each one Pugill Winter Cherryes twenty Red Cicers four Ounces Raisons of the Sun two Ounces the four great cold Seeds a Drachm and an half French Barly four Ounces boil them gently in the distilled Water of Saxifrage Cammock and Parsly of each half a Pint when it hath boiled a while add half a Pint of white Wine and let it boil till half be consumed to the straining add six Ounces of the Sirrup of Marsh-Mallows drink three or four Ounces in the Morning To the Region of the Bladder must be applyed mollifying and asswaging Fomentations If all Medicines fail and the Patient's pains unsupportable Necessity requireth the dangerous Operation of Cutting Let the Physitian prepare the Patient's body by Purging Bleeding and Diet according to the Constitution and Condition of the Patient's Body and let the Patient prepare his Soul for God CHAP. LXIV Of the Inflammation of the Reins and Bladder THis Disease is a Tumor in those parts caused by the flowing of Blood or Choller unto them The Causes of this Inflammation are natural unnatural or preternatural Natural when there is a natural haereditary Infirmity in the parts or great Heat originally which violently draw the Humours thither Causes not natural are Gluttony Drunkennesse much Venery great Passions of the mind violent Excercise Stoppage of some usual Evacuation as the Terms or Haemorrhoids all things which cause Repletion or evill Concoction and drive the Humours to the inward Bowels Things preternatural may be the Cause as a Stroak Wound or Bruise upon the Reins or Bladder constant Feavers the Matter of the Pleurisy or Empyema carried away by the Urine Heat or Stoppage of the Urine the Stone or Exulceration of the part may cause an Inflammation The Inflammation of the Reins is known by those Signes a weighty and beating Pain about the part which extendeth it self to the adjacent parts the Patient cannot help himself nor ly otherwise then upon his back If he doth sneez or move his Body the pain encreaseth he hath a Numbnesse in the Leg on the same side he maketh Water with difficulty he hath a constant sharp Feaver with Watchings Dotings and dangerous Symptomes He vomiteth Choller Phlegm and other Humours the Urine is first thin and yellow afterwards thick and red If the Bladder be inflamed the Patient is vexed with a sharp Feaver Watching Vomiting c. as aforesaid The Share becometh hard and hath vehement pain he hath almost continuall Provocation to go to Stool as in the Disease Tenasmus Prog The Inflammation of these parts do threaten continual danger of Death Convulsions Dotage Watchings cold Sweats are the Messengers of Death If the Inflammation suppurate and the Imposthume break and the Matter be evacuated by the Urine there is hopes If the Haemorrhoids bleed there is hopes that the Inflammation will cease You must begin the Cure with a mollifying and cooling Clister to the Decoction for the Clister prescribed in the Chapter of the Stone in the Reins add of Cassia and Diaprunes Lenitive of each half an Ounce Sirrup of Violets one Ounce the Oyl of Violets two ounces make a Clister Then open the Liver-Vein on the same side the Inflammation is If the Bladder be inflamed open the Liver-Vein on the right Arm draw as much Blood as your Patient's Strength will bear And if you open the inferior Veins it is a good derivation Then give the Clister again and as often as need requireth but remember to give it in a small quantity least it oppresse the Tumor Use Cupping and Scarifying Frictions and Ligatures to the extream parts to draw the Humours outwards You must allay the Heat of the Blood by cooling Juleps in which use no Diuretick Simple lest it carry Humours to the part and increase the Inflammation in the declination of the Disease Diuretick Medicines may be given You may make a cooling Julep thus Take of the distilled Water of Endive Lettice Plantane and Purslane of each four Ounces Sirrup of Pomegranats two Ounces the Sirrup of Water-Lillyes and Violets of each one Ounce Oyl of Vitriol as much as sufficeth to give it a gratefull Relish mix them for four Mornings and Evenings Draughts Or you may make an Emulsion of the Seeds of Sorrel Letrice Purslane Poppy Almonds Pine-Nuts and the like The great cold Seeds are diuretick and must not be used in the beginning of the Disease for the reason before given Nor ought you at first to purge till the Declination then you may profitably purge with Medicines which are gentle as Manna Cassia Rubarb Tamarinds Diaprunes lenitive Sirrup of Roses c. Outwardly you may apply Cataplasms Liniments Unguents that are cooling repelling and if the Inflammation be in the Bladder astringing when the Defluxion is stopped use Softners and Dissolvers If the Strangury or any other dangerous Symptome appear converse with their proper Chapters If the Tumor tend to Suppuration which you may know by the encrease of the Feaver and Symptomes trembling and vomiting you must help Nature with mollifying Cataplasms the Chapters of Inflammations of other parts will advise you If the Tumor appear outwardly you must open it with a Cautery or Incision-knife If it break and the Matter fall into the Abdomen it brings sudden Death or a Hectick Feaver If the Tumor grow hard and the Feaver gone it breeds the Dropsy evill Habit or some such Disease and is incurable for the most part you must deal with it as with the Schirrhus of the Liver CHAP. LXV Of the Ulcer of the Reins and Bladder THis Disease is caused either from an Imposthume broken there from Sharpnesse of the Humours or from a Stone which doth corrode them This Disease is known by the voiding of much Matter with the Urine To know whether the Reins or the Bladder be diseased take a few Rules If the Ulcer be in the Reins the pain is there the Matter is more concocted more in quantity and more mixed with the Urine making it appear like Milk which standing settleth to the bottom sometimes much Blood is voided and pieces of Flesh which sometimes stops the Passage When the Ulcer is in the Bladder contrary Signes appear the pain is neer the Privityes the Matter is lesse in Quantity and not well concoct but of divers Colours and stinketh sometimes Matter is voided without Urine If the Ulcer be old callous and hard snotty Phlegm is voided such as is voided if there be a Stone in the Bladder for the most part little Skins like Scales or Bran are voided As all inward Vlcers are dangerous so are these much more because the continuall Flux of Humours with the Vrine to the part doth nourish the Vlcer The Violence of the pain causeth Watchings and a Consumption of the whole Body If the Vicer be taken in time and the Patient yong it may be cured else not The Cure must be performed by evacuating the peccant Humours by cleansing drying and healing the
Greek is a Disease which modern Writers call Scalding of the Urine it differs from Stranguria in this that more Water is made and with farr more pain Any thing that can wound the Sphincter-Muscle or passage of the Bladder may be the Cause The usuall Cause is either a mixture of sharp Humours with the Urine or sometimes the sharpnesse of the Urine caused by the eating of hot and sharp Meats or by the hot Distemper of the Bowels Liver or other parts or from evill Concoction in the Stomach or Liver by which the Blood is not freed from salt and tartarous Humours which being sucked to the Kidneys is sent to the Bladder causeth pain Filthy Matter comming from an Ulcer in the Reins or Bladder may be the Cause he who is troubled with a Gonorrhaea or Running of the Reins is seldom free from scalding Urine To conclude the Stone or large Gravel may be the Cause The Knowledge of this Disease is evident the Signes of the Causes are easily gathered If it be caused by the Stone Inflammation or Gonorrhaea it is known by their proper Signes If from sharpnesse of Urine by the mixture of Humours the Urine will be thin and high coloured or in it will appear a mixture of Choller Phlegm or Matter the Patient hath eaten hot things or else hath some hot Distemper This Disease is not very dangerous unlesse it continue long and ulcerateth the Neck of the Bladder Sometimes it is hard to be cured especially if the Patient be old The Cure must be wrought by taking away the Cause If a mixture of sharp Humours make the Vrine sharp first make use of Phlebotomy which is good to correct the hot Distemper of the Liver and other parts make use of this Evacuation as often as the Patient's Constitution will bear and the Distemper require then to derive it from the part affected open the lower Veins Then purge with Cassia Manna Rubarb Mirabolans Tamarinds and such things which purge gently if you give it with the Decoction of Plantane Mallows Lettice Purslane and the like it will be the better A gentle Vomit is much commended as a good Revulsion Cooling Clisters are good Inwardly the Whey of Goats milk or Mineral Waters that cool are good for ordinary drink Or this Julep Take of the Roots of Marsh and common Mallows of each one Ounce Lettice Endive Purslane and Violet Leavs of each one Handfull Jujubes and Sebestens of each one Ounce of the four great cold Seeds a Drachm the flowers of Violets Roses and water-Lillyes of each one Pugil boil them in Spring Water to a Pint and an half strain it and add of Jujubes Violets and Poppyes of each one Ounce and an half Oyl of Vitriol twenty Drops make a Julep for four Doses to be taken Morning and Evening If there be no Feaver give Milk by it self The Troches of Winter Cherryes is good If the pain be very great let the Patient when he maketh Water put his Yard into warm Milk or a Decoction of Mallows and other cooling Herbs Or inject Milk Plantane-Water or an Emulsion of the cold Seeds into the Passage Baths and Fomentations made of cool Herbs are good and if the Privities be anointed with Unguentum Populeon the Oyl or Unguent of Roses Oyl of Lillyes and the like it profiteth If the Liver Reins or other parts by their Heat be the Cause use Medicines that are good to cool them If the Liver be too hot bleed the Haemorrhoids or make an Issue in the right Leg. If it come from the Stone Inflammation or Vlcer of the Bladder or Kidneys cure them according to the Rules in their proper Chapters but the cooling Medicines before mentioned are good to allay the Symptomes CHAP. LXX Of Pissing of Blood THough Blood may come from divers parts of the Body to the Passages of the Vrine yet I shall here speak onely of that bloody Vrine which is made from the defect of the Reins or Bladder The usual Causes are much sharp Blood which corrodeth the Veins or plenty of Blood which bursteth them Sometimes a Stone in the Reins or Bladder being moved by Riding or violent Excercise by its roughnesse teareth the part A Fall or Stroak vehement Motion lifting or carrying may break a Vein Sometimes the Weakness of the Reins being not able to divide the Vrine from the Blood may cause this Disease This Disease is apparent to the Senses for when Blood is mixed with the Vrine it appeareth like Water wherein Flesh hath been washed with Clods of Blood at the bottom if it stayes too long in the Bladder it looks black The place that is pained shews the part affected If it come from the Reins it is more mixed with the Urine then if it come from the Bladder If it come from the Bladder it is in a lesser Quantity If it come from the Stone in the Kidneys or Bladder the Signes mentioned in their proper Chapters will appear If it come from Repletion or Sharpnesse of Humours the Abundance of Blood Choller Melancholy or such Humours appear in the Body If it come by a Blow Fall violent Exercise c. the Patient is able to inform This Disease if it be violent and continue long is very dangerous for sometimes the Patient falleth into a Consumption sometimes into the Dropsy Sometimes it causeth a Stoppage of Urine and sometimes an Vlcer breedeth in the place from whence the Blood Floweth If Blood or sharp Humours abound begin the Cure with blood-letting after a while for derivation let the Haemorrhoids and the Saphaena or Ancle-Vein be opened Then purge the chollerick Humours with those Medicines that are prescribed in the 30 Chapter Of Spitting of Blood After you have purged sufficiently give things that knit the Veins and stop Blood For this purpose give four or five Ounces of the Juyce of Plantane and a Scruple of the Troches of Amber or of Gordonius Morning and Evening Forestus in his Observations doth much commend Sheeps Milk six Ounces with one Drachm of Bolearmenick is the Dose The Decoction of Knot-grasse Purslane Horse-Tail Comphry roots Plantane Pomgranats Quinces and the like Likewise the Powder of red Coral Blood-Stone Sanguis Draconis Terra Sigillata given with the Water or Juyce of Plantane is good Giye cooling Juleps to allay the Heat of the Blood Apply such things to the Loins as cool and astringe thus Take of the Roots of Bistort Comphry and Clowns-Wound-Wort of each one Ounce Horse-Tail Plantane Purslane Knot grasse and Shepherds purse of each one Handfull Pomgranate peels half an Ounce Sumach Myrtle Berryes and Hypocystis of each two Drachms Acorn cups red and yellow Sanders of each one Drachm red Roses three pugils boil them in Smith's Water and Vinegar therewith soment the Reins Then anoint the Loins with Unguentum Comitissae and Refrigerans Galeni and if you would have it bind more add the juyce of Plantane or such like Sanguis Draconis c. Then wear a
little and flaggy she feels a heavinesse about the Loius and Hips she hath no appetite to eat nor desire to stirr she hath a shivering by Fits she hath Streightnesse of the Sides and Belly above the Navell and a pain in her Head plenty of Milk flowing from the Dugs shews that the Child is weak and danger of Abortion If pains about the Reins Loins and Share torment the Woman then know that Abortion is hard at hand the same judg if Blood or Water burst out and flow and the Scituation of the Child is changed from the middle of the Belly to the Bottom If any of these or the like Symptoms befall a Woman with Child after any externall cause of Abortion as Blow Fall c. let the Woman betake herself to her Bed and take such Medicines which prevent Abortion Prognosticks of Abortion are thus made Women are more endangered by Abortion then by a naturall and timely Birth because in a timely Birth the Vessels and Ligaments are loosned and opened of their own accord but in Misearriage they are broken in sunder the like you may perceive between the Stalk of ripe and unripe fruit Women many times become barren by Miscartiage because the womb is rent and its natur all disposition much altered Much bleeding seconded with Convulsions raving and fainting is alwayes deadly If an Inflammation of the Womb follow Abortion it is deadly In young Women who never bore Child before it is worst because the passage is narrower and they more unaccustomed to pains The bigger the Child is the more the danger Women who have moist and slippery Wombs do often miscarry and with little danger To prevent Miscarriage you must before and after she is with Child endeavour to remove all evill dispositions of the Body or Womb that may cause Miscarriage if Blood abound open a Vein purge the peccant Humours strengthen the Womb but if the Woman be with Child beware how you bleed except it be in the first month and the Body full of Blood and in this case let Purges be gentle and often reiterated To conclude to streng then the Womb fetch Medicines from the 73 Chapter CHAP. LXXXI Of hard Travel in Child-birth HArd Labour is when more vehement Pains and dangerous Symptomes happen to Women in Travell and continue a longer time There are divers causes some whereof may be assigned to the weakness of the Womans Body Leannesse or Drinesse as well as Fatnesse of the Body her Age or Sicknesses as the Stone or preternaturall Tumor in the Bladder or any Disease of the womb Other causes may be assigned to the Child when its Body or Head is too big when there are two or when the Child is dead or when it endeavours to come forth with his Feet Hands Back Belly or Breech c. A cold and dry Air and Northern Wind streightneth the Body and driveth the Spirits inward and is obnoxious to the Child's first entrance into the world If the Air be more hot then ordinary it is as bad as the former for it dissipates the Spirits exhausts the Strength and introduceth feavourish Distempers into the Bodyes of Mother and Child Meats of a hard digesture or astringing quality taken a little before the time of Delivery Sleepinesse and Sortishnesse the Retention of Excrements all vehement Passions of the Mind want of an expert Midwife and Women to assist the labouring Woman may be causes of hard Labour Hard Labour is easily known to the Woman herself to the Midwife and the Assistants The time of a naturall Birth ought to be accomplished in the space of twenty four houres if the Woman continue a longer time it is hard Labour If her pains be weak and long before they return and more about her Back then Privityes the causes may easily be known many you may gather from the Relation of the Woman in Travell her Leannesse Weaknesse Fatnesse and Age is perceived Diseases of the Womb and Bladder may be known by their proper Signes The Bigness and disorderly Posture of the Child is soon seen by an expert Midwife If the Child be dead you may know it by these Signs the Breasts of the Woman become flat and flaggy her Eyes hollow and troubled her Face and Lips are of a pale and leaden colour her Belly is cold there is a Sense of Weight there is no Motion felt though you apply somthing wetred in the Decoction of Tansy warm to her Navell When the Woman turnes the Child sways that way like Lead If the after-Birth come away before the Child it is a Sign of the Death of the Child And if the Child cometh not away it soon putrifieth and stinketh and stinking Moisture floweth from the womb and their Breath stinketh Hard Labour is dangerous for sometimes the Mother sometimes the Child and sometimes both do lose their lives Sleepy Diseases and Convulsions if they befall a Woman in Travell death is at hand If the Woman be in Travell above three dayes it is likely the Child will dy If the Woman fall a sneezing in her Travell it is good saith Hippocrates If the Child be dead the danger is exceeding great especially if it be not brought soon away for it will cause Feavers Faintings Convulsions dead Sleeps and death it self In difficult Labour first all causes which hinder the Birth must be removed if it be possible then such things as further the Birth must be administred An Ounce of Oyl of sweet Almonds and a Drachm of Confectio Alchermes given in Broth is good Burn white Wine with a little Saffron and Cinnamon afterwards dissolve a little Alchermes this I have found very powerfull to hasten the Birth If you find this Medicine too gentle make a Julep of more efficacy thus Take of the Water of Mugwort and Vervain of each two Ounces the Sirrup of Maiden-hair one Ounce Confectio Alchermes half a Drachm Dittany of Creet and both Birth worts of each one Scruple Oyl of Cinnamon five Drops mix them and make a Potion Oyl of Amber fifteen Drops or the Extract of Saffron five Grains may be either of them mixed insteed of the Oyl of Cinnamon Provoke sneezing and open the lower Veins if need be Then let the Midwife anoint the Mouth of the womb with the Oyl of Lillyes and Sweet Almonds and the like and foment the Belly with a mollifying Decoction and in a dangerous case give a sharp Clister Some things have a peculiar property to help the Birth as the Stone Aetitis Loadstone and Storax held neer the Privityes the Eyes of a Hare taken out in the month of March and dryed use it as the Stones and when the Woman is delivered take them away lest it draw out the Womb. Some commend the Gall of an Hen applyed to the Navell If the Child be dead give the same things before mentioned but it is convenient to make them stronger by adding Savin Water and the Leavs of Savin dried the Troches of Mirrh
and Castor Then foment the Privityes and Share with a mollifying Decoction to which add Briony Roots and the Roots of wild Cucumber round Birth-wort and the like And put up a Pessary made in this manner Take of the Roots of round Birth-wort Orice black Hellebore Coloquintida and Mirrh of each one Drachm Galbanum Opopanax of each half a Drachm with Ox Gall make a Pessary and apply it If all this will not do you must implore the help of the Chirurgion If the After-birth be retained you must endeavour to expell it by such Medicines as expell the dead Child to which add these which are said to have a specifick property the Stones of a gelded Horse dried and powdered and given as much as will ly on a three pence two or three times as need requireth is commended by Gesnerus and Augenius Some commend the Juyce of an Onion given in Wine or an Onion held in the Woman's mouth between her teeth and the Juyce squeezed out and swallowed and a Draught of white-Wine drunk after it Or 20 or 30 drops of the Oyl of Juniper drunk in Wine or the Juyce of Lovage taken in Renish Wine If her Purgations flow immoderately that you fear the Death of the Woman or in case her Purgations be suppressed which may cause dangerous Symptoms have Recourse to the Chapters treating of those Maladyes Many Women are much troubled with after-pains which do much afflict them and these pains are caused either by the Thicknesse or Sharpnesse of the Blood or by Wind. If the Blood be thick you may know it by its clotting if thin by its Tenuity or yellow Colour If the Blood be thick give this Julep Mugwort water two Ounces sirrup of Violets oyl of sweet Almonds of each half an Ounce If the Blood be sharp add to the former the Musilage of Quince Seeds drawn with Violet Water half an Ounce If Wind be the Cause of these Pains which you may know by its Motion from one part of the Belly to the other then give inwardly and apply outwardly carminative Medicines Take of the Seeds of Carrots one Drachm of Annise Nutmeg and Cinnamon of each a Scruple make them into fine Powder and give it half at one time in Wine Foment her Belly with the Decoction of Bawm Bay Leavs Camomill Calamint Mugwort and the Seeds of Carrots Caraway and Cummin and lay on a Pultise made of boiled Onions Camomill Flowers the Seeds of Flax and Cummin beaten and Barly Meal CHAP. LXXXII Of the Gout and Sciatica 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Arthritis in Greek in Latine Articularis Morbus is the Joynt-Sicknesse caused by an Influx of Humours into them which causeth pain in the Membranes Tendons and Nervs Authors do commonly make four sorts of Gouts according to the diversity of the Joynts affected as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Chiragra the Hand-Gout of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Hand 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Gonagra when it is in the Knees of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Knee 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Podagra when it is in the Foot because the Greeks call the Foot 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ischias the Hip-Gout or Sciatica of the word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Hip. The immediate cause of the Gout is a wheyish Humour flowing to the Joynts and by its Quantity stretcheth the sensible parts or by its Sharpnesse twitcheth them and this Humour floweth not onely from the Brain and Head but from all parts of the Body The cause may be attributed to all Meats which encrease raw and wheyish Humours Meats of a grosse Substance hard to be digested and such as afford plenty of Excrements Gluttony Drunkennesse immoderate Venery therefore the Gout is called the daughter of Bacchus and Venus long Sleep and unseasonable Watchings Fear Sadnesse continuall care and intermission of such Excercises or Evacuations as men have been accustomed to and the like The beginning of the Gout is known thus there is a more exquisite and quick Sense in the Joynts then formerly they are easily hurt as by a new shooe walking the least touch against any hard thing Commonly a Feaver ushers it in and at its approach there is a kind of unusuall Heat felt in the Joynts and a Motion as if some living Creature were therein after which followeth a tormenting pain in the Joynts for the most part beginning in the great Toe and attended with Rednesse and Swelling The Signes of the causes or the Humours which are mixed with the wheyish Humours are thus considered If choller be mixed with the wheyish Humour the Urine is thin yellowish or red the pain great and violent the Feaver comes to the height the part is swelled is red or pale but very hot the application of cold things giveth ease If Phlegm be mixed there is a soft and loose swelling of the part the pain not so violent the Urine is thick and troubled little or no Heat and hot things give ease If Melancholy be the Humour mixed the Temper of the Body inclineth to Melancholy and there is a wearinesse felt all over the part is of an obscure Colour like Lead the pain deep and the Urine thick and melancholy The Gout is no dangerous Disease but it continueth long and is attended with violent pain for the most Part to the end of a man's life and sometimes it is a means of long life because Nature doth drive the vitious Humours to the Joynts which if they should fall upon the more noble parts would be a means of great Diseases if not death it self But in weak Bodyes that are decayed by Sicknesse or Age that Nature cannot expell these Humours to the Joynts many dangerous Diseases are ingendered He that hath no knots in his Joynts is inclinable to Labour and is for the most part soluble by a skillfull Physitian may be cured An haereditary Gout is seldom or never cured If the Veins of a gouty Person do swell with black Blood there is hopes that the Gout leavs him If the Gout doth not return at its season it is dangerous unlesse the matter be taken away by Medicines for it is an argument that Nature is weak and cannot expell it The Cure of the Gout is to be performed by stopping the Flux of the Humours into the Joynts by removing the Humours in the Joynts and to abate the Sharpnesse of the pain If the Patient be full of Blood and strong let him bleed in a great Quantity or let him blood often till the plenitude of Blood be sufficiently abated Then let him be purged with strong Medicaments which may evacuate the stirred Humour and turn the cause from the Joynts Whilst you are purging let Ointments or Plaisters be applyed to the Joynt above the part affected of an astringeing and drying property by which the Humours may be intercepted that they may not so much nor so forcibly fall into the Joynt Let your Ointments be made of the Roots of Snake-weed
and Tormentill Bolearmenick Sanguis Draconis Pomgranate Rinds Balaustians red Roses the Whites of Egs Vinegar Oyl of Roses of unripe Olives and the like If the Patient be strong and easy to vomit give a gentle Vomit to carry away the Humours in and about the Stomach soon after vomiting purge strongly Sweating Medicines are very good to discusse the wheyish Matter if a Feaver be present give Harts-horn with Carduus water In a Gout without a Feaver the Decoction of Sassafras Salsa and China may be given it is not amisse if the Heat thereof be allayed by boiling with it Endive Succory Sorrell Burrage Buglosse and the like The Waters of Bath do provoke Sweat and do readily and profitably discusse the Matter contained in the Joynts Forrestus commendeth the Decoction of the Root of the great Burdock for this purpose Likewise a Decoction of Elder Bay Leavs Sage Rosemary and such like receiving the Vapour in a sweating Tub. Afterwards come to locall Medicines Amatus Lusitanus doth commend the Milk of a Goat milked warm upon the part affected or you may make a Cataplasm with it and white bread and the Musilage of the Roots of Marsh-Mallows the Leavs of Henbane Violets and the like and if the pulp of Cassia and Venice-Treacle be added it will be much more effectuall The distilled Water of Frogs Spawn is very good against the pains of the hot Gout if the part be bathed therewith with it you may mingle the Oyl of Calves Feet or with the Flowers of Camomill Melilot Roses Mullein Mallows beaten you may bring it into the form of a Poultis Green Tobacco leavs are much commended and so is a living Whelp laid to the gouty part When the Pain rageth violently use Narcoticks as Plantane Lettice Henbane Housleek Night-shade Mandrakes Purslane and Poppy Heads but be sure you let them not ly on too long for they are inimicall to the naturall Heat and to the Nervs Some do commend this Fomentation Take Spirit of Wine well tinctured with Saffron four Ounces Camphire one Scruple boil them a little and dissolve one Drachm of Opium and bathe the pained part The Oyl of Wax is good to ease the Gout and the Oyl of Mans Bones is preferred before all other and it is thus made Take the Bones of a man fresh and unburied break them small and let them ly in Oyl till they have drunk up as much as they can then distill them in a Retort The Root of Briony and Cuckow-pintle bruised mingled with Cow dung is an excellent Cataplasm I might here fill a Volume with Receipts against the Gouts but passing by all I shall onely insert one or two out of Quercetanus his Dispensatory Take Brine Salt and the Urine of a Boy of each equall parts distill them and dip linnen Cloaths in the Water and apply them to the place affected changing them often Take green Elder Leavs and Flowers of each one pound beat them in a Morter and macerate them in Aqua-Vitae three dayes then distill them till all be dry use it as before Take of rectifyed Spirit of Wine two pound of the best Hony one pound distill them in Balneo Roris from which will come two Liquors the first waterish the second strong and sulphurous keep them by themselvs To the Foeces add of orientall Saffron whole one Ounce and an half Venice Turpetine two Ounces Castor six Drachms Tartar calcined white half a pound Salt dissolved one Ounce Phlegm of Vitriol not seperated from the Spirit four Ounces Lye made of the Ashes of Vine Branches two pound macerate them twenty four hours then distill them till all be dry keep this also by it self To the Dregs remaining pour on the former Water which you kept macerate and distill as before Lastly put all these Waters together and distill them in Balneo Roris wet linnen Cloths therein and apply it to the gowty place Riverius Lib. 10. Ch. 1. p. 378. prescibeth another which he accounts inferiour to none which penetrates into the Roots of the Disease and resolveth and attenuateth the salt tartarous and stony Matter in the Joynts and he supposeth it to be that which the aforesaid Quercetanus reservs to himself as his Master-peice to brag of it is thus made Take of â—…slaked Lime four pound slake it in River water as much as is convenient and let it stand in a Wine Cellar the space of three dayes that the Salt may be extracted the better afterwards boil it a little and strain it through Hippocrates Sleev In twenty Pints of this Liquor quench first Plates of Steel then of Copper made red hot seven or nine times thirdly ten Ounces of Vitriol calcined till it be white fourthly half a pound of Antimony melted in a Crucible fifthly half a pound of Litharge or Ceruse heated in a Crucible sixthly white Precipitate once washed one Ounce and an half lastly Erasse burnt and finely powdered half an Ounce after all this let the Water stand in a Cellar the space of 10 dayes afterwards boil it and strain it and apply it with linnen Rags To raise Blisters upon the part hath been found by experience to be very effectuall In the use of all Medicines take speciall notice which do harm or hurt for the Nature and Complexions of Men are divers and the Excrements bred in severall men are of divers kinds Hence it is that the same Disease doth much differ in severall persons and what cures one doth prejudice another Therefore the Physitian ought to have severall Medicines in readinesse and use thâ—se that Reason and his Experience doth approve of To prevent its return let the Patient bleed twice in a year viz. at Spring and Fall and purge 4 times in a year and make use of sweating Drinks and frequent sulphurous and nitrous Baths The Sciatica differeth nor from the other Gout onely in its Scituation which is in the Hip extending the pain to the top of the Buttock the Loins and Ossacrunt and reacheth down the Hip and Leg even to the Foot This peculiar Prediction belongeth to this Disease that if it continueth long it putteth the Hip out of Joynt The Cure is performed allmost in the same manner with the other Gout First open the Vein in the Arm on the same side afterwards open the lower Veins on the same side viz. Vena Poplitea about the knee or the Vein neer the outward Ancle called the Sciatica Vein if you open the Vein on the contrary side it will not do amisse bleeding the Haemorrhoid Veins by Leeches doth wonderfully help those that are Hipgouty for there is a great consent between those Veins But be not too forward to let Blood unlesse you find Blood to abound Then let the Humours be purged strongly by Pillulae Faetidae or Hermodactylls or the Powder of Hermodactylls compound but beware how you give the latter except to strong Bodyes Mercurius Dulois with Scammony is much commended and the Chymists do much esteem of
of the root of Night shade finely powdered and Hogs-grease make an oyntmnt or you may use unguentum è Solano or the white of an egg and Stiptick Wine and such like Then you must consider if the distemper be hot or cold if hot whether it is of the whole body or the part only if the whole body be distempered it is a Fever and you must seek the cure in the second book if the distemper be in the Member only foment it with the decoction of Plantane Roses and such like with the Oyl of Roses unguentum album populeon c if the member suffer by a cold distemper which you may know by the swart colour loosnesse and softnesse of the part then you must apply heating medicines unguentum Basilicon will do very well in this case If a Convulsion happeneth you must consider what is the cause if repletion or fullnesse of phlegm be the cause let the place wherein he lyeth be naturally or art ficially hot and dry let him lye free from perturbation and trouble let his sleep be moderate and only in the night Let him be very moderate and sparing in his Diet which ought to be rere Eggs Barly Cream the flesh of Chickens Capons and Hens Raisons Pine-Kernells sweet-Almonds of hearbs Sage wild Time Hysop Marjarome and such like Let the phlegmatick humor be purged and the convulsed part anointed with the oyle of Nard Bays Castor Rue Nutmeggs c. Vesalius commendeth this following oyntment Take of oyle of sweet-Almonds Hens grease and the marrow of Calves feet of each nine drachms oyle of Violets six ounces the fat of a Kid and Calfe of each fifteen ounces boyle them in the decoction of Mallowes the root of March-Mallowes and the seeds of Quinces till it be consumed then strain it and bring it into the form of a Liniment If Convulsion come by repletion of blood and inflammation open the middle vein and draw blood at severall times give Clysters and deal with this inflammation as with another If emptinesse be the cause of Convulsion direct a moist diet rest of body and mind and much sleep To the diet aforesaid add small stone fishes let his drink be Barly-water and if a little Liquoris and Cinamon be sodden therein it will be the better herbs proper for him are Lettice Spinach Arach Borage Buglosse Mallow and such like of fruits Melons Gourds Damask Prunes Peaches ripe Grapes c. The conserve of Violetts Borage Buglosse Diatraganthum frigidum and bathe his body or the part with warm water and oyle or anoint with the oyle of sweet Almonds Be sure to remember to have respect to the greatnesse of the disease the season of the yeare the age strength and constitution of the Patient Swooning often happening to wounded persons if vioient pain be the cause labour to appease the pain you have rules enough before going If it be occasioned by unmeasurable Evacuation cast Rose-water or cold water into his face use strong Ligatures and fricarions to the extream parts If some venemous quality by reason of a bite of some venemous Creature or wound with some venemous weapon be the cause of this symptome you must seek the remedy in the third Chapter If Raving and Madnesse happen appoint a mean diet betwixt hot and cold labour to provoke sleep to loosen the belly and to expell all perturbations of the mind If the body abound with blood and nothing forbid it open a vein then alter and prepare the humors with Juleps made of the syrup of Roses Violets Water-Lillyes Poppyes and Endive then empty the body with Manna Cassia or some such gentle thing or with an Emollient Clister but above all have a speciall regard to the wound because pain there may be the cause therefore let it be often opened and bathed with Vinegar and oyle of Roses or something that may powerfully appease the pain If the Palsie happen you must be very circumspâ—ct and appoint such a Diet as for the Convulsion let his drink be honyed water and boyle therein Sage and Cinamon or this Take of Cinamon two ounces Ginger half an ounce graine of Paradice Galanga and long Pepper of each one drachm Cardamoms one drachm and an halfe Nutmegs Cloves and Mace of each one drachm boyle them in water to the wasting of a third part strain it and sweeten it and let the Patient drink two or three ounces in a morning For medicines internall or externall go to the seventh Chapter of the second book If the wounded person be costive and he begin to suffer prejudice thereby give him some Lenitive medicines or a suppository If he suffer by stoppage of Urine give him somwhat which gently provoketh Urine see the 68 Chapter of the second book If Vomiting happen and it ceaseth not in due season Take Leaven half a pound the juyce of Mint extracted with Vinegar as much as is needfull boyle them in to the form of a Cataplasm lay it warm to the Stomach If the Patient feel heat and astonishing about the wound anoint the woâ—nd with the oyle of Camphire If the wound swelleth with heat and pilleth under the finger boyle Water-Cresses and Water-Lillyes in Rose Vinegar and apply it If there appeare the Flux of the Sinews which is a viscous liquor from the Nerves dresse it with a vulnery oyle and lay on Emplastrum Sticticum If the wound putrifie and goeth back from healing swelleth with heat looks black blew or swart Take of Litharge one pound Allum one pound and an half Salt two ounces Frankinsence four ounces Roman Gum five ounces of Wine Water and Vinegar of each one pound boyle them a quarter of an hour and apply it warm If there grow a Pustulous Fistula that is when the wound is healed too soon without any firm foundation so that it putrifie underneath and break out again in this case Paracelsus adviseth this Cerat to be used Take of common oyle Virgin Wax and Litharge of Gold in Powder of each one pound boyle them together into the formes of a Cerate to which add Opoponax prepared with Vinegar and Mummy of each three ounces Aristolochia Mastick Frankinsence and Mirrh of each half an ounce Turpetine three ounces Oyle of Bayes two ounces Camphire two drachms mix them upon the fire afterwards make it up with oyle of Camomel So much for the generall cure of wounds and their accidents CHAP. VII Of Sanguine Tumors FIrst Phlegmon is a Tumor begotten of pure blood and is for the most part incident to the fleshy parts the Antecedent cause is abundance of blood In which Tumor are three things considerable first the part that sendeth it either by reason of its plenty strength or streightnesse of passages Secondly the part receiving it either by reason of weaknesse largenesse or opening of the passages or by the lownesse of its scituation Thirdly the part drawing it which it doth either through heat or pain within it The conjoyned cause is much blood
covered four or five days then distil them as aforesaid To make it stronger do thus When you have distilled any Hearb as aforesaid in a common Still by putting a Paper under them to prevent burning and drying the Cake overmuch Put the Water and the Cake together into a hot Still or Alembick and let them stand warm 24 hours then distil them and if you would have the Water yet stronger pour this Water upon more Cakes and do as before and if there be any Oyl upon the top of the Water separate it thus you shall have a very strong and excellent Water Or if you perform this distillation in a glasse Gourd in a gentle Balneo that is in warm-water your water will be very good and far excelling the water distilled the common way To know the virtue and use of these waters you must find the virtue of the hearb by some Herball or History of Plants and Hearbs If you would have a distilled water out of flowers which shall retaine the smell of the flower do thus Take Roses Violets Honey-suckles or what other flower you would distill pick them being first gathered in a fair and Sunshine day infuse a handfull or two of them into two quarts of the best White-wine the space of half an hour not much longer lest with the subtill spirit the carthy part also come forth then take them forth and infuse in the same Wine the same quantity of flowers do so eight or ten times Then put the Wine into a glasse body or Gourd and close the joynts well with Lutement and distill it in a gentle Balneo or place your Glasse over the Vapour of hot water that so the subrill spirit only may assend By this meanes you shall have a water of a most fragrant odour You may distill a water strong of the vegetable out of dried hearbs thus Take of any hearb dried or seed or root if you please a pound put it into twelve pints of clear spring water let it stand warm as aforesaid then distill it in a hot Still or Alembick to this distilled water add more dried hearbs and distill againe as often as you please till your water become like a Spirit Or if you add White-Wine to the hearb it will be the stronger which leads me to the distylled waters prescribed by the Colledge of Phisitians of one of which I shall set down the manner of distilling and content my self in describing the virtues and quantity to be used of the rest Spiritus aqua Absynthii minus composita The Spirit and Water of Wormwood the lesser Composition Take of the Leaves of dried Wormwood two pound Annis seed half a pound sleep them in six Gallons of small Wines twenty four hours then distill them in an Alembeck adding to every pound of the distilled water two ounces of the best Sugar Let the two first pound you draw off be called the Spirit of Wormwood the rest wormwood-Water the lesse composition In the same manner omitting the Anniseeds you may distill the Spirit and Water of any hearb root flower or seed whatsoever Spiritus aqua Absynthii magis composita The Spirit and Water of Wormwood the greater Composition Take of common and Roman Wormwood of each a pound Sage Mints Salme of each two handfull the roots of Galanga Ginger Calamus Aromations and Elitampane of each three drachms Liquoris one ounce and Raisons of the Sun stoned three ounces the seeds of Annis and sweet Fennell of each three drachms Cinamon Cloves Nutmegs of each two drachms Cardamoms and Cubebs of each one drachm let the things that are to be cut be cut and bruised that are to be bruised and all of them infused in twenty four pints of Spanish Wine for twenty four houres then distilled in an Alembeck add two ounces of white Sugar to every pint of distilled water Call the first pint the Spirit of Wormwood the greater Composition The vertues are these it heats and strengthens the Stomach and Lungs helps Concoction and stays Vomiting it kills Wormes in the Stomach and Belly expells wind mitigates the paines of the Teeth The dose is from three drachms to half an ounce Spiritus aqua Angelicae magis Composita The Spirit and Water of Angelica the greater Composition It comforteth the heart and vitall Spirits it rarefieth and discusseth flatuous humors it is good against Poyson taken against the Pestilence it is prevalent and a good preservative in pestilentiall times and against ill Aires It is good against Crudities of the Stomach and diseases of the Matrix proceeding from a cold cause The dose is from two drachms to six Spiritus Lavendalae Compositus The Compound Spirit of Lavender This is a very chargeable Spirit and is of great efficacy against passions of the Heart Convulsions Cramps Palsies Apoplexies and all sleepy diseases vertigo and comforts a cold brain The dose is the same with the former Spiritus Castorei Spirit of Castor It resisteth Poyson and is good for such as are bitten by Venemous Creatures gives speedy delivery to Women in Travail and easeth the Fits of the Mother It helpeth Deasness proceeding from stoppage mixed with White Wine and dropped into the Ears It is good against the Diseases mentioned in the former The Dose is from half a drachm to a drachm Give it in something that is cooler Aqua Petasitidis Composita The Water of Butter bur Compound It is good against the Pestilence and a good preservative in Pestilential Times it gives ease to those who are short-winded easeth the Fits of the Mother it dryes up moist Humours in those that have Sores hard to be cured The Dose is two three or four drachms in some cooling Cordial Aqua Raphani Composita Radish Water compound This Water is good against obstructions of the Liver Spleen and Womb prevaileth against the Scurvey and cleanseth Women after their lying in The Dose is from two drachms to half an ounce Aqua Peoniae Composita The Compound Water of Peony This is very prevalent against the Falling Sickness and Convulsions If the Fits come daily take it Morning and Evening If it come Weekly take it at the New or Full Moon the first or last Quarter If the Disease decline give it onely at New and Full Moon In the Fit it is good to rub the Jaws Nostrils and Temples with it The Dose is from two drachms to six Aqua Bezoartica Or Bezoar Water It withstands Melancholy and is good for such as are in Consumptions It strengtheneth the Heart and Vital Spirits It is Diaphoretick and is good in Pestilential Feavers The Dose is from half a drachm to a drachm Give it with other cooling Cordials Aqua Spiritus Lumbricorum Magistralis The Magistral Water and Spirit of Earth-Worms I conceive this was composed for a Restorative for such people that have lingring Diseases occasioned by obstruction of the Liver Spleen and Kidneys as the Evil Habit Hypochondriack Melancholy Scurvey c. The Dose
is from half an Ounce to an Ounce Aqua Gentianae Composita Gentian Water Compound It is a good Preservative against the Pestilence caseth pains in the Stomach and helpeth Digestion and drives out old Colds openeth Obstructions of the Liver easeth the pricking pains in the sides and is good against the yellow Jaundies it provokes the Terms and expelleth a dead Child or After-Birth The Dose is from three drachms to half an ounce Aqua Gilberti Gilberts Water This Water is a very great Cordial it strengtheneth the Heart and reviveth languishing Nature it may be taken from half a drachm to a drachm it is so costly that it is almost out of the reach of ordinary people Aqua Cordialis frigida Saxoniae It is a very cooling Water and profitable in Feavers and to allay the heat of bloud it giveth rest by sleep You may take from two drachms to half an ounce Aqua Theriacalis Or Treacle Water This Water is of excellent vertue against the Pestilence and other Feavers it is a very good counter-poyson and good for those that have been bit by any venemous Creature or such as have the French Pox for it driveth forth all vitulent Humours from the Heart and is a great Cordial The Dose is from half an ounce to an ounce Aqua Brioniae Composita Or Briony Water Compound This Water is Hysterical easeth the Fits of the Mother it expelleth the After-Birth and provoketh Womens Courses Let Women with Child forbear it Let those that have occasion take from half an ounce to an ounce in the Morning fasting Aqua Caponis Or capon-Capon-Water It is good for such whose strength is decayed by Feavers or other Sicknesses it is an excellent Medicine for those that are in Consumptions or wasted by a Feaver Hectick or Marasmus Take from half an ounce to an ounce Aqua Limacum Magistralis Or the Magistral Water of Snails It openeth Obstructions of the Lungs and purgeth them of Flegm and is very good for the Consumption of the Lungs Take half an ounce or an ounce Aqua Scordii composita Or Compound Water of Scordium This is a good Preservative against the Pestilence gives rest in Feavers and is friendly to the Stomach and Womb. Take it from two drachms to half an ounce Aqua Imperialis and Aqua Mariae It strengtheneth and corroborateth the Heart and is therefore good for such as are subject to Faintings Swoonings and Palpitations of the Heart and is a Preservative against Apoplexies The Dose is from one drachm to three Aqua Mirabilis This is of admirable force and virtue to preserve the Body from the Apoplexy and all Diseases of the Nerves It is very good against the Palsie Convulsion and Cramp and is good for cold Stomachs From two drachms to half an ounce is the Dose Aqua Papaveris composita Or Poppy Water compound It is good against Surfets and Feavers thereâ—from arising it provoketh sleep cooleth the bloud and concocteth the Humours Take from half an ounce to an ounce Aqua Cinnamomi Cinnamon Water It strengtheneth the Stomach Liver Spleen Lungs Heart Brain and Nerves It cleareth the sight is an Antidote against Poyson and biting by venemous creatures and is good against a stinking Breath and nauseousness of the Stomach It is very friendly to the Womb and is of an attenuating opening digesting and strengthning virtue From two drachms to six is the usual Dose in cold Diseases you may take more Aqua Caelestis This also prevaileth against Malignant and Pestilential Feavers restoreth such as are in Consumptions comforteth the Heart and reviveth drooping Spirits It is very hot in operation You must scarcely exceed half a drachm for the outmost Dose without the advise of a Physitian In Feavers mix it with cooling Juleps Aqua Melissae Bawm Water It restoreth Memory lost it maketh all the Senses acute it strengtheneth the Heart Brain and Stomach and for those who are troubled with cold Stomachs and Brain it is a Jewel It maketh the Heart glad the Tongue nimble in those who are subject to the Palsie in that Member the Teeth white and the Breath sweet The Dose is from two drachms to half an ounce Aqua Menthae Mint Water It cools and strengtheneth the Stomach Liver and Spleen helps Concoction breaketh Wind and stays Vomiting The Dose is from one drachm to three Ordinary Aqua Vitae Annise-seed water Usquebath and such like are commonly used and most people know they comfort a cold Stomach and is good against hurt of Digestion coming from a cold cause It breaks Wind and the like Tinctures are made of any Hearb or other Simple by first bruising them and putting to them as much Spirit of Wine as will cover them three or four fingers cork it up or seal it and let it digest in a Bath as long as you see good If you know the virtue of the Simples you cannot be ignorant of the Tincture To make Physical Wines is easie Take this one for an Example Take a handful of dryed Wormwood for every Gallon of Wine stop it in a Vessel close and let it remain in steep So you may prepare a Physical Wine of any Hearb Flower or Seed whatsoever either simple or compound Physical Vinegars are prepared thus Take of Red-Rose Buds gathered in a dry time the Whites being cut off and dryed in the shadow three or four days one pound Vinegar eight Sextaries set them in the Sun fourty days then strain out the Roses and repeat the infusion as often as you please Thus may you prepare Physical-Vinegars of any Flower As the Hot Waters and Spirits are best for cold Bodies and hot Diseases so on the contrary are Vinegars best in hot Diseases and may be externally used These I thought good to add the Treatise of Distilled Waters For the preparation of Distilled Waters of this nature read Quercetanus his Dispensatory one of which I shall here insert having prescribed it in the afore going Books which is his Distilled Water against spitting of bloud Take of the Roots of Bistort Comphry and Tormentil of each one ounce the Leaves of Knotgross Yarrow Speedwel Winter Green Sanicle Shepherds Purse with its Root of each one handful of the tops of the Blackberry Bush and Mastick Tree of each half a handful the Seeds of Sumach Myrrles Plantane Barberies and white Poppy of each 6 drachms the Flowers of Water-Lillies Gourds Quinces and Red Roses of each two Pugils let them be mixed and beaten then macerated in Balneo for the space of four days in the Juyces following viz. Plantane Purslane Sorrel and Agrimony of each two pound Let them be afterwards strongly pressed out then add of the Juyce of Acatia Hypocistis of each two Ounces Terra Sigillata and Bolearmenick of each half an ounce Electuarium Diatraganthum frigidum of each two drachms Macerate them for four dayes and distil it in Ashes till it be dry Let them who are troubled with spitting of bloud or any inward Wound or Bruise take
two or three Choclearies either by it self or mixed with Syrup of Myrtles dryed Roses or Syrup of Comphry and if the Flux of Bloud be very violent give a scruple of the Tincture of Corral with it CHAP. II. Of Syrups OF syrups there are three sorts syrrups made by infusion juyce and decoction syrrups made by infusion are made of flowers and such flowers as soon loose both colour and strength by boyling as Violets Roses Clove-gilly-flowers Peach-flowers c. and they are thus made Having picked your flowers to every pound add three pints of water made boyling hot put them into a Pewter-pot with a close cover and keep it hot twelve hours If you would make your syrrup very strong put in more fresh flowers as often as you please having strained it out put the liquor into a Pewter-Bason and to every pint add two pound of fine Sugar put it upon a Chaffin-dish of Coales and melt it stirring and scumming it till the Sugar be perfectly melted without boyling Secondly to make a syrrup of the juyce of an hearb you must make choice of such hearbs as are full of juyce then beat it in a stone Morter presse out the juyce put it over the fire and clarifie it that is scum it as long as any scum arise then boyle it till a quarter of it be consumed to a pint of this add a pound of Sugar boyling it to a syrrup and scumming of it You may know when it is enough if you coole a little in a spoon After this manner you may make syrrup of Wormwood simple of Betony Buglosse Borrage Chamomell Carduus Endive Succory Strawberryes Funtitory ground Jvy St. Johns-wort Mercury Mous-care Plantane Purslane Apples Raspberies Sage Scabius Scordium Housleek Colts-foot and such-like and when you have done so and would know what they are good for see the virtue of the Simples Thirdly Syrrups made by decoction for the most part are compounds though you may make Syrrups of Simples by decoction the operation is thus Take of what hearb root flower or seed you please and bruise it a little if you make a Syrrup of roots or wherein there are many roots let the roots macerate in the water twenty four houres then add the hearbs and the rest and boyle it till half the water he consumed then let it stand and when it is almost cold strain it through an hypoeras-bag without pressing to every pint of the decoction add one pound of Sugar and boyle it till it comes to the thicknesse of a Syrrup or new hony After this manner the most part of the Syrrups following are made except they be made of flowers or juyces Take this for an example Take of common Worm-wood meanly dry half a pound red Roses two ounces Indian spicknard three drachms old White-wine and juyce of Quinces of each two pound and an half steep them a whole day in an Earthen Vessell then boyle them gently strain it and adding two pound of Sugar boyle it into a Syrrup according to art This Syrup is very good for cold and Flegmatick Stomachs it helpeth concoction strengtheneth the Stomach and Liver provokes an Appetite breaks wind and is good against the Jaundise the dose is from one ounce to three Syrupus Acetousus simplex vel compositus Syrup of Vinegar simple or compound These Syrups cut Flegme and tough Humors they coole the body quench thirst and ease any stuffing in the Stomach and are good to prepare the body for a Vomit especially the first if you use it so take from one ounce to two or three in other cases take it with a Liquorish stick Syrupus de Agno Casto Or Syrup of Agnus Castus I conceive by its composition it was intended to prevent immoderate Letchery and nocturnall pollutions for without doubt it dryeth and cooleth the naturall seed thereby restraining venereall thoughts for my part I can say nothing of it by experience Syrupus de althaea Syrup of Marsh mallows This is a fine cooling opening slippery syrup good against the paines of the Stone Gravell or Chollick You may give an ounce or two it is so safe and harmlesse you cannot err in the giving of it Syrupus de Ammoniaco Syrup of Ammoniacum It opens Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and cooles the parts and helps all diseases arising from their Obstructions and heat as Scabs Itch Leprosie and such like You may take an ounce or more if you see occasion Syrupus de Artemisia Syrup of Mugwort It helps the coldnesse wind paines and all other diseases of the Womb it strengthens the Nerves corrects the blood opens the pores and provokes the Termes You may take an ounce at a time or from half an ounce to two Syrupus de Betonica compositus The compound Syrup of Betony It is good against diseases in the Head and Stomach proceeding of Cold and Wind Vertigoes and Madnesse it concocteth Melancholly and provokes the Termes The dose is from half an ounce to two Syrupus Bizantius Simple and compound It strengtheneth and freeth the Liver from Obstructions and diseases thence proceeding cures the Yellow-Jaundise cuts tough Flegm and is good against the Rickets Take it with a Liquorish stick or from half an ounce to two Syrupus Botryos Syrup of Oake of Jerusalem This Syrup is commended in the Asthma and cold diseases of the breast Coughs and shortnesse of breath Take it with a Liquoris stick Syrupus Capillorum Veneris Syrup of Maidenhaire This strengthens the Stomach and Lungs and helps their infirmities it also cleanseth the Reins of Gravel for the first take it with a Liquoris stick for the last give an ounce or two Syrupus Cardiacus a Cordial Syrup It comforts the Heart and revives drooping Spirits it is good for people in Consumptions it is of an opening quality and expels those Vapours which offend the Brain Take it from one ounce to three Syrupus infusionis Caryophillorum Syrup of Clove Gilly-flowers This Syrup is good in any Feaver Pestilential or not it strengtheneth the Heart Liver and Stomach and refresheth the Vital Parts The Dose is from half an ounce to an ounce and an half It is so harmless you cannot err in the taking of it Syrupus de Cinnamomo Syrup of Cinamon It strengtheneth the whole Body and helpeth Digestion and comforteth the Stomach and Womb and cheareth the Spirits Take one ounce in a Cordial Syrupus aceto sitatis Citriorum Syrup of the Juyce of Citrons This Syrup hath a refrigerating cutting attenuating penetrating faculty it allays Choller and tempers the heat of the Heart cools the bloud and is therefore good against Feavers Pestilential or not small Pox or Measils it resisteth Poyson The Dose is from one ounce to four Syrupus corticum citriorum Syrup of Citron Pills It is of a most grateful savour and most pleasant odour it strengtheneth the Stomach Liver and Heart amends the heat of them and resisteth Palpitations Faintings Swoonings it strengtheneth the Vitals is profitable in
and biting of venemous Creatures helps cold Stomachs and such whose meat putrifies therein stays vomiting of Bloud and old Cough and is good against all cold Diseases of the Liver Spleen Bladder Reins and Matrix The dose is from half a drachm to a drachm Electuarium è Scoria serri It strengthneth openeth and gently purgeth the Stomach and Spleen and caseth the body of Melancholy and Splenetick Diseases The dose is from three drachms to half an ounce Confectio Humain It strengthneth the Heart and Brain quickneth the Senses and is a good preservative against the Pestilence The dose is from half a drachm to a drachm Diaircos Salominis It helps all cold infirmities of the Lungs Take it with a Liquoris Stick Magnum Antidotum Mathioli c. Mathiolus his great Antidote against Poyson and the Pestilence It is very good for that purpose See his Bezoar Water for particular virtues The dose is from a scruple to four Requies Mitigates the heat in Feavers and gives rest Give not above half a scruple at first it is scarcely safe inwardly to be given apply it ontwardly to the Temples and Wrists Electuarium Reginae Coloniens It is good against the Stone and Wind-Chollick The dose is a drachm Triphera the Greater Stops the immoderate Flux of the Terms and Hemorrhoids frees the body of crude humours strengthneth the Bladder rectifies distempers of the Spleen expels Melancholy and makes a good colour The dose is from a drachm to half an ounce Purging Electuaries Benedicta Laxativa It powerfully purgeth Flegmatick Humours from the Joynts it purgeth the Reins and Bladder The dose is from one drachm to a drachm and an half Caryo costinum It is a good Purge for wounded persons whose Wounds are inflamed it also purgeth hot Rheums Correct it or let it alone Three drachms or four may be given in a Clister Cassia extracta pro Clysteribus Cassia extracted for Clysters The dose is an ounce two or three given in Clysters it purgeth the Reins and cools them it easeth the pains caused by the Stone and is good to prevent the growing thereof Electuarium amarum majus minus the Greater and Lesser bitter Electuary They both purge Choller the first Flegm and the second Melancholy The dose of the first is from half an ounce to an ounce Of the other from one ounce to two Diacassia with Manna This is a gallant Purge for hot bodies for it gently looseneth and cooleth much and therefore is good in Feavers and in all Diseases wherein Choler doth abound The dose is an ounce or more as you find occasion Casia extracta sine cumfoliis Senae Cassia extracted without and with the Leaves of Sena They are both gentle Purges they cleanse and cool the Reins they cleanse the Bowels of Choller and Melancholy and is good in Feavers The dose of the first is an ounce and an half Of the other one ounce Diacarthamum It purgeth Flegm and yellow Choller effectually The dose is from one drachm to six Diaphaenicon It purgeth both Flegm and Choller it is good in Feavers and easeth the Chollick and pains of the Stone and freeth the Bowels of raw humours The dose is from two drachms to five Diaprunum Lenitive It cools and looseneth the body gently it is good in all kind of Feavers and hot Agues and is much commended in the Feaver Hectick The dose is an ounce to bedward Diaprunum Solutive Is the best purger of Choller and amendeth the hot distemper of the Liver The dose is from three drachms to six Catholicon It purgeth every humour abounding especially Choller It profiteth in Feavers it mollifieth and altereth the Humours and strengthneth the body it helps infirmities of the Liver and Spleen Gouts of all sorts Head-aches Tertian Quartan and Quotidian Agues The dose is from half an ounce to an ounce Take it going to bed or in Clysters Electuarium de Citro Solutivum the Solutive Electuary of Citrons It purgeth Choller Flegm and Melancholy and carryeth away the rotten humours in the declination of a Feaver The dose is half an ounce Electuarium Elescoph It purgeth Choller Flegm and Wind from all parts of the body helps pains of the joynts and sides the Chollick it cleanseth the Reins and Bladder Confectio Hamech It purgeth Melancholy and yellow Choller it is good against Melancholy and Madness Scabs Itch c. The dose is from three drachms to an ounce Electuarium Lenitivum the Lenitive Electuary It is a fine purge fit for Feaverish persons and such as have Pleurisies it gently openeth and mollifieth the Bowels and purgeth without trouble or hurt Melancholy Flegm and Choler The dose is from an ounce to two Electuarium passulatum It cleanseth the Reins and Bladder and is a good purge for those that are troubled with Gravel or the Stone it purgeth Choler and Melancholy The dose is the same with the former Electuarium è succo Rosarum An Electuary of the Juyce of Roses It purgeth Choller and the dose is from two drachms to an ounce and an half Hierapicra Simplex It is the most excellent Medicine to purge vitious Humours which stick to the Tunicles of the Stomach The dose is from half an ounce to an ounce In Clysters from six drachms to an ounce and an half Hiera cum Agarico Hiera with Agarick The Virtues are the same with the former purgeth Flegm more effectually The dose is the same For the further knowledge of the Virtues see the Pill of Hiera with Agarick Hiera Logadii It purgeth effectually those Humours which cause the Palsie Apoplexy and such like Diseases The dose is the same give it onely to strong bodies Hiera Diacolocynthidos It easeth inveterate Head-aches Falling-sicknesses and such like Evils for it purgeth gross Humours from the farthest parts of the body The dose is from three drachms to six Triphera Solutive It purgeth Choller and Flegm Some account it profitable in the declination of Feavers and in hot distempers of the Stomach and Liver The dose is from two drachms to half an ounce CHAP. X. Of Oyles AS there are of other Medicines so there are of Oyls both simple and compound Simple Oyls are either by expression or infusion and decoction Oyls by Expression are drawn out of Fruits or Seeds as out of sweet and bitter Almonds the Seed of Rope and Flax by first beating them in a Stone-Morter and pressing out the Oyl in a Press Simple Oyls by infusion and decoction are thus made Take the Hearbs or Flowers of which you would make your Oyl beat them to two or three handfuls pour on a pint of oyl put them in an Earthen pot and cover it with a paper tyed about the top and set it in the Sun a fortnight then heat it by the fire and press out the hearbs then put in as many hearbs as you did at first do as before as often as you see good to make your Oyl strong enough then boyl it gently till the