luke warme water and afterwarde dryed in a lynnen clothe before you gyue it your hawke Lykewise may you boldly feede your hawkes before they are drawen out of the mewe with small pullettes and yong Sparrowes When you haue thus doone and obserued this order of feeding them when the tyme is come to drawe them out of the mewe you muste remember to drawe them very orderly and after that to continewe the same kinde of feeding and to keepe the same hande vppon them for other twentie dayes space at the leaste to skowre and disburden your hawkes of that slyme and glytte whiche doth surcharge them hauing them alwayes for the moste parte on the fiste and especially at nyghte Neyther shall it be euyll to skowre them or as our Ostregers and Falconers do terme it to enseame them by gyuing them a quantitie of washt Aloes allowing a Falcon as muche as the byggenesse of a Beane beaten into powder wrapped in Cotton and so to make hir a skowring thereof and besides to giue hir Suger Candy twoo or three mornings But in any condition you muste beware not to vse Aloes vnwashte bycause thereof are bredde sundry ill accidentes in hawkes And for that occasion is it prescribed you to vse Aloes washe to auoyde that vndoubted euill whiche would otherwise happen Moreouer I haue happily and with good successe approoued this remedie I haue gyuen so muche larder or butter as I coulde well conuey into my hawkes throte when shee hath beene emptie aboue hauing firste prepared the larde or butter by washing it seuen eyght or moe tymes in cleare water and afterwardes letting it soke in Rose water a space and lastely by putting vnto it of the beste Suger that I coulde gette or Suger Candie beaten to pouder And my order was euer to gyue this skowring euery seuenth or eyght daye And this is not alone to bee vsed to hawkes in the mewe but also to suche as are kept on the pearche and stocke But if it so fall out that by these deuises and skowrings you cannot make your hawke haue a stomake and gredie appetite to feede it shall not bee euill to pysse vppon hir meate and hauing dryed it in part againe to giue hir a gorge sufficient so muche as may serue hir and as she will take For the more liquide and slypper fleshe you giue hir the sooner wil she be enseymed And by this meanes doe Falconers preserue their hawkes from the falling euill and sodayne mischiefe and besides that from sundry other perilous accidents that do followe those sillie birdes Of the Apostumes of the heade FAlcons Goshawkes and other birdes of praye are woont to be muche combred and molested with the swelling of the heade and the Apostume thereof a very greuous euill occasioned by abundance of euill humors the heate of the head It is discerned by the swelling of the hawkes eyes by the moysture whiche sundrie tymes issueth and distilleth from the eares and often eake by euyll sauoure and smell of the Apostume Also it may bee perceyued by the small desire the hawke hath to mooue or aduaunce hir selfe by the wresting of hir heade and the little regarde shee hath to tyre and pull the fleshe that shee feedeth on as thoughe in deede tyring were verie paynefull to hir and by that shee is scarce able to open hir clappe and beaten after hir accustomed manner Agaynst this moste perilous euill it shal be very necessarie firste of all to skowre your hawke throughly and after that the heade in chiefe As touching the generall skowring I can commend and allowe you to gyue hir three or foure mornings when shee hath no meate to put ouer a pyll as bygge as a nut of Butter washt seuen or eyght tymes in freshe water and steeped well in Rose water myngling it afterwarde with Hoonie of Roses very good suger holding your hawke on the fiste tyll she make one or twoo mewtes Which being done to disburdē and skowre the head it shall be excellent well done to take of Rewe seede foure drammes Aloes Epaticke twoo drammes Saffron one scruple reducing and forcing all these to fine powder and with a quantitie cōuenient of honie of Roses to make a pyll of that bygnesse and syze as may well be cōueyed into the hawkes beake by whiche hir brayne maye bee purged and skowred thrusting the pyll so deepe into hir throte as you may well see holding hir a space after it vppon the fiste And that done setting hir downe on the pearche in a conueniente place for a time and twoo houres after to feede hir at hir accustomed time with good hotte meate But if happely there be any of the corruption and filthe in the hawkes eare it shall be very necessarie carefully with an instrument of siluer or other good mettall for the nones that the one ende bee sharpe poynted and edged of purpose to apply lynte and on the other ende hollowe and fashioned like vnto the eare of a hawke to clenze and remooue the filth that furreth the hawkes eare And with that ende whereon the lynte or bombaste is to skowre it very dayntity and presently vppon the same to infuse and droppe in a quantitie of Oyle of sweete Almondes freshe and luke warme and after the same to conuey into the eare a little lynt or bombast to keepe in the Oyle till suche time shee be dressed agayne to the ende the Oyle may supple and mollifie the filthe so as it may easily bee remooued and clenzed And this order muste you obserue and continue vntil the Apostume be resolued and throughly rype But if it so fall out that the Apostume wyll not come to maturation or rype in sorte as it may growe to suppuration and be mundified in manner aforesayde but will reste at one staye in the heade of the hawke then muste you be fayne to come to cauterize the heade aloft and bestowe a button there to cause the humor to breathe and to bring the corrupte matter thyther remembring after this fyer and cauterie to remooue the escare by bestowing on it for the space of eyght or nyne dayes butter by whiche you shall easily remoue the cruste or escare whiche is made by the fier You must not forget if it be so as your hawke be so weake as she is vnable or so frowarde as she will not feede and tyre vppon hir meate whiche you gyue hir then to cutte it in small pellettes and so giue it hir eyther by fayre meanes or fowle not leauing to vse it so if it bee possible as she may receyue it willingly and feede hir selfe bicause it may the better nourishe hir For this is one vndoubted rule that when a hawke doth refuse to feede and tyre she is very vnlusty and diseased and not one among a hundreth of them that doeth recouer And for mine owne parte in all my time I haue recouered but one Falcon beeing so diseased and that by the meane and cure aforesayde and by vsing the cauterie
it can ill brooke things eyther ouerhote or ouercolde but muste haue them moderately hotte or cold This deuise may you vse to bath your hawkes eye withall vntill such time she be recouered feeding hir meane while with good meates and such as are light of digestion Hawkes are of so noble and excellent a nature as the most part of medicines that you doe applie to the hurtes and cures of men you may boldly bestowe on Hawkes as things very holesome for them as by their working will be most euidently seene and perceyued yet muste there be a discretion vsed in the administration of these sayd receytes hauing alwayes a regard vnto the weake and delicate nature of Hawkes in respect of men and therefore the quantities of euery thing must be allowed and giuen accordingly It happeneth diuers times that through the Catarre and paine of the head and eyes there lights vppon the eares of a Hawke so mortall and deadly an apostume as seldome when though there bee greate care vsed about the cure she maye be brought to perfect state or recouered And this proceedeth bycause the mischiefe lies so neare a neighboure to the brayne as before it can breake or be clensed outwardly it causeth the Hawke to perish Besides that it is very hard to applie medicines in that place but if the Hawke be of so strong a nature that she brooke the breathing and rupture of this disease which you shall perceyue by the quitture and filth that dothe issue from hir cares giue hir this remedie which is a very noble receyte and approued of me often times as well in men as in Hawkes to my great commendation and glory Take honie of Roses and oyle of egges incorporate them togither and powre twice or thrice a daye into the eares of your Hawke some fewe droppes of it hote and if you find by the abundance of filth that there needeth great abstersion you maye adde therevnto a quantitie of Sarcacoll beaten into powder The wine of Pomegranats is a most excellent remedie in this mischiefe confected with those things aforesayd Butter well coyled and beaten in a morter of lead one houre at the least and afterwardes powred into the Hawkes eares reasonable hote twice or thrice aday is a very good remedie Of such euils as happen to Hawkes in their chappes and mouthes THe chappes and mouth of a Hawke is subiect to sundrie diseases and in the Hawkes mouth there are wont to growe certayne white peeces of flesh and sometimes tending somewhat too blacke which do hinder the Hawke from hir feeding by meane whereof without any other euident cause she becōmeth leane and lowe Wherfore it shall bee very necessary to looke into hir mouth sometimes both in the Palat and vnder the tong bicause that many times there especially do growe vp certaine peeces of flesh like in shape to a graine of Peper sometimes lesse sometimes bigger than a Peper grayn which it shall be necessary to cut away either with a payre of cysers if you may commodiously do it or with Roch Alome burnt or with a droppe of Oyle of Brimston applyed vpon a little cotton with an yron vnto the place taking away the corrupte flesh You must mundifie the place with honie of Roses and bombast or lynt vntill you see the quicke flesh vnderneath it then afterwards vnto the honie of Roses you may apply and adde a little powder of Masticke or incense to consolidate the wounde washing it sometymes among with white wyne Moreouer and besides this there is wont to happen vnto Hawkes in the mouth a certaine frownce or impedimente which doth hinder their feading as the other peeces of flesh do of which I haue spoken before This frownce may be very well perceyued and discerned with the eye and will appeare also by the feeding of the Hawke Diuers times this kind of euill is cured with honie of Roses and with the powder of nutshels bound in a peece of linnen cloth well bathed and styped togyther and thrust vnder the whote ymbers vntill it may bee brought vnto fine powder thys may you continue twice a day as long as shall bee needefull But if this will not serue the turne it shall be very necessary to mortifie and kill the frownce with Aquae fortis such as goldsmiths do vse to part their mettalls withal hauing respect not to touch it any where sauing only vpon the frownce and part diseased for that it will fret the good and sound fleashe After you haue mortified the frownce or canker with Aquae fortis as I haue tolde you then must you mundifie and consolidate it with honie of Roses which wyll cure it out of hand Also it is very good to applie this receyte following in the cure of the frownce whome the Italians call Zaruoli Take a cleane Skillet wherevnto put good white wine a quantitie of Verdigrece well beaten to powder of Roche Alome like quantitie one ownce of honie and a fewe drie Rose leaues boyle all these thyngs togither to the consumption of halfe the wine then strayne it and with the strayning hereof twice or thrice a day bath the frownce with a little lint or bombast tyed on the toppe of an instrumente for the purpose But you muste well regarde whether the fleshe be good or no and with a toole fitte for it to searche and cutte away the dead fleshe for otherwise it will doe little pleasure and the Hawke shoulde bee assured to suffer greate paynes and yet to dye at laste Hauing mundifyed the wounde with the receyte aforesayde bathe it onelye wyth Honie of Roses and it wyll dispatche the Cure. Take Verdegrece a quantitie bynde it in a linnen clothe stype it one day and one nighte in Rose water or Plantine water or common water not hauing the rest and afterwardes wash the frownce therewith vntill they be mortified whyche you shall well perceyue by the quicke fleshe that will growe vnder then applye Honye of Roses in the ende of the cure and it shall doe your Hawke great good Egiptiacum is an excellent thing to cure kill the frownce in a Hawke which is none other thing but a very Canker suche as men are plagued withall Wherefore take Verdegrece Roch Alome of eyther two ownces Honie of Roses one ownce water of Plantaine wine of Pomegranats of eyther two ownces and a halfe set them on a softe burning fire alwayes stirring them with a sticke or wodden splatter vntill it turne to the thicknesse of honie then take a little of it and mingle with a quātitie of Plantaine water and you shal find this the most excellent remedie aswell for the frownce in a Hawke as also for the Canker in the mouth of a man Thus much is necessary to be vsed when the frounce dothe happen vnto a Hauke by some apostheme of the head engēdred by a corrupt liuer or some other inward part But many times it so falleth out that the beake of a Hawke is hindred
Hawke that is wounded with a stripe or some other misfortune IF a Hawke happe to bee wounded by an Eagle or any other byrde of praye by crabbing togyther or by encounter in fleeing or by a iobbe with the truncke of a Crane Hearon or other water fowle or by taking some greater blowe agaynste a tree or Rocke whereby shee is greately payned and in daunger to bee marred if there bee not skyll to helpe hir with speede By Master Amé Cassians aduise take the iuyce of the herbe called Culuerfoote otherwise named Herbe Roberte and if yee finde your Hawkes strype to bee greate and blacke and yet that it hath no greate gashe you muste make incision and slytte the skinne a little more by your discretion that ye may the more easily conuey in the sayd iuyce That done laye a leafe of the same herbe vpon the wounde to couer it spreading the feathers handsomely againe ouer it and lette it not bee remooued .xxiiij. houres after And know yee that the sayde herbe hath suche vertue that what wounde soeuer you laye it on it shall neuer swell nor ranckle For wante of the herbe it selfe take of the powder of it and put it into the wounde keeping it alwayes cleane by washing it with a lyttle white wine as is aforesayde And if ye see that the iuyce or powder of that herbe doe no good take the medicyne that Mallopin speaketh of Take Oyle of Roses and Capons greace of eache a lyke quantitie with a lyttle lesse Oyle of Violets and lesse of Turpentine by the one halfe and confecte them all togyther Then take Masticke and Franckincense in powder of eache alyke and if yee can finde the sayde herbe called Culuerfoote drye it and beate it into powder also and when you haue serced your powders putte them into the sayde Capons greace and styrre them togyther with a stycke tyll they bee throughly incorporated and so shall your Vnguent bee perfecte And the chiefe Falconers saye you muste make handsome tentes of Cotton bestowing on them this vnguente and so applie them to the wounded places of your hawke from time to time tyll they be recured And if the Hawkes skinne be muche broken or torne yee must sowe it vp handsomely leauing a little hole in one side for an issew which you must keepe open with a tent noynted with the foresayd vnguente till it be throughly whole Master Michelin setteth downe another medicine saying that if a Hawke happen to haue a strype or a wounde you muste plucke awaye the feathers rounde aboute the hurte place and that if the wounde bee so deepe as it can by no meanes bee stytched vp ye muste put of the powder hereafter following into it Take Sanguis draconis white Franckincense Aloes Cicotrine and Masticke and of those foure being all in like quantitie make a fine powder and laye it vpon the wounde and afterwarde annoynt it rounde aboute with Oyle of Roses or Oyle Olyue warme to comforte it And if the wounde bee not so large but that it may well be stytched sowe it togither agayne leauing a little hole for an issewe Then make a playster with the whyte of an egge and hauing firste annoynted it with the sayde Oyle laye of the powder vppon the sore and put a tente in it dypped in the sayde vnguente to keepe the issewe and laye your playster vpon it dressing it after that manner styll till your Hawke be sounde There is yet another medicine very good and auaylable whiche is this Take the powder of fine Canell whiche is nothing else but Cinnamon and put it in the wounde supping it afterward with good Oyle of Roses or Oyle Oliue Another medicine of master Cassians making TAke halfe an ownce of Masticke a quarter of an ownce of Bole Armoniacke halfe an ownce of Roses an ownce of Capons grease an ownce of Oyle of Roses an ownce of Oyle of Violets and a quarter of an ownce of virgin waxe Of all these let the things that may be molten bee molten togither and let those things that are to be beaten into powder be beaten to fine powder And when ye haue streyned all your liquors into a newe pot put your powders into them stirring them about with a sticke till they be well incorporated togither taking good heede that ye put not too much fire vnder your pot and so shall your vnguent be perfect Whiche you may vse in handsome pleggets for your hawke tenting hir with smal tents dipped in the same vnguent after the maner mentioned in the former receyte till she be throughly recured And if your Hawke be hurte or broosed without any skinne broken take the powder of Mummie myngled with the bloud of a wood Culuer or of a Pullet and conuey it into hir throte so as she may receyue it downe and twoo or thre houres after gyue hir a reasonable gorge of good meate If the broose bee apparant annoynt it with good oyle of Roses and if nede require for the largenesse or sorenesse of hir woundes let hir bee mailed as is afore sayde for hir more quiete and more speedy recouerie Of the Hawke that hath swollen feete IT happeneth diuers times that hawkes haue a swelling in their feete that commeth by chasing of their feete in fleeing their praye in striking it by taking cold vpon it for want of rolling the perche with some warme clothe or rise bicause they be full of grosse humors and fowle within whiche humors beeing remooued by their labour and trauell in fleeing drop downe vpon their feete and there swell specially in Sacres more thā in any others For they be of their owne nature very heauie Hawkes and haue grosse feete Againe it happeneth sometimes that a Hawke pricketh hir selfe vpon a thorne by russhing into bedges bushes ouer ventrously wherevpon followe suche swellings as are daungerous and harde to bee cured Therefore Master Cassian sayeth that when a hawke is in that taking she muste be skowred three mornings togither with the pilles of Larde Marowe Suger and Saffron and sette in the Sunne and fedde twoo dayes after with some good meate Then must ye take Bole Armoniacke Sanguis draconis lesse by one halfe make it in powder temper them wel togither with the white of an egge Rose water and annoynt hir feete with it three or four dayes twice aday setting hir vpon some cloth to keepe hir feete warme And if this medicine do hir no good take this that followeth Mallopin sayeth that if a hawkes feete be but swolne haue not any knubs in the ball of the foote take a payre of Sizzers or coping yrons cope the talons of hir swolne foote till the bloud folow which done take Capons grease oyle of Roses oyle of Violets of eche alike twice asmuch of Bole Armoniack Whē ye haue mingled thē all wel togither make therof an vnguent anoynt your hawkes feete therwith twice aday til they be throghly whole alwaies setting
casting bycause Agaricke is of great force to cause a Hawke to slise But if for al this the griefe do dayly proceede and increace then do I thinke good that you bestowe a Cauterie vpon youre Hawkes heade betwixt hir eyes eake at hir nares specially if there be any imperfectiō in thē Some mē are of opinion that for the cure of the Pantas you shulde giue your hauke two inches of a Lucerts tayle newly cut off conueying it into youre Hawkes gorge and afterwardes setting hir in some darke place till the haue cast and then to giue hir gotes milke with the bloud of a Doue Othersome writers do will and aduise to let the Hawke bloud in the necke But I for my parte haue neyther tried the one nor the other if I shall tell you the trouth of the matter bycause I doe not at all like of these deuises but doe assure you that with those other remedies and receytes whiche I haue taught you in this Chapter of the Pantas I meane the skowrings and the cawterie I haue done very muche good and recouered my Hawkes of this disease and therefore do recommend you to them as vndoubted experiments Betony reduced into the forme of an Electuarie with honie is a very good remedie for this greefe as well in men as in Hawkes One other remedie which I find in an Italian Author is this Take Mummy Rhewbarbe Saffron Suger candye make all these into powder giuing it to your Hawke for the space of eight days at least in a chickins skinne if shee will take it if not force it into hir And while you minister thys medicine vnto hir al that time let hir not be borne on the fiste and withall among sometimes giue washt fresh butter with suger candye and sometimes a cotton casting with incense within it But I do more commend to giue hir bole Armoniacke in a pill with honie These remedies no doubt are very good and soueraigne against the Pantas of a Hawke Make you choyse of them but let the Cawterie be the last refuge for that is an extremitie Remember this rule of Phisicke that euer it is best to begin with the weakest for if they will profit and do sufficient good in vayne it were to charge nature with the strongest receytes which are rough and churlish in working Of the infirmitie and disease in the gorge of a Hawke when she dothe cast hir gorge SVndry are the diseases that Hawkes are pestred withall by meane of the indisposition of the gorge when that parte is out of tune among which the most ordinarie and perillous is the casting of the gorge when a Hawke dothe cast hir meate vndigested in the selfe same forme she receyued it ▪ or else corrupted and of a lothsome sauoure both whiche they doe many times If shee cast it cleane and not stincking but of good smell ther is no great feare of the matter nor any great danger bycause it maye proceede by meane some small bone is crossed and turned in the gorge of the Hawke whiche doth cause hir to cast it againe for hir more ease and quiet Wherefore in this case it shall be good for the more suretie and to knowe the worst of the accident that may happen thereby to beare your Hawke to the water or to offer hir a bason of water to trie whether she wil bowze or no. For by bowzing besides the good that she shall receyue by it you shall haue euident proofe and vndoubted shewe of hir disease and that in deede shee is sicke and dothe stande in neede of Phisicke but if shee bowze not at all it argueth hir to bee in good time These accidentes are wonte to happen by meane of ouer much moysture and humiditie and through excessiue rottē humors engendred in the gorge Wherefore if the Hawke cast hir meate well sauoring and of good coloure neyther stinking to smell nor lothsome to vewe and do bowze after it it shall be good to heate and comfort the gorge with the powder of Nutmegges and Cloues with a quantitie of Muske all enwrapped in a peece of fine cotton or bombast giuing it to the hawke when she is emptie paneld as custome is to do holding hir on the fiste vntill shee put ouer hir sayd casting into hir gorge Then two houres after she hath cast it againe it shall be very necessary to feede hir with yong Doues giuing but halfe a gorge or somewhat lesse at a time and at nighte when hee suppes hir to lette hir plume a little and if the Hawke will bowze to giue hir leaue to doe it for truly it will be very wholsome for hir By this meanes I promise you I haue recouered sundrie sieke Hawkes and chiefly Sparowhawkes I haue ouer and besides this vsed with great good successe good Rose water altred with a quantitie of powder of Cloues and muske preparing it after this manner I haue taken Rose water two ownces powder of Cloues two scruples of fine Muske fyue graines and of this haue I giuen my Hawke fyue ownces or there about after that as my Hawke hath bin either poore or hie in state holding hir on the fiste vntill she hath made a mewte This medicine will bring hir to a good apetite a sweete breath and will besides all these scowre very well But if that which she doth east be corrupted and stincking ouer and besides the aforesayd remedies whiche indeede are excellent good I can allow well that you take the roote of Celidonie or Celondine remouing away the vpper rynde and pill off the roote vntill it looke redde and droppe agayne then to infuse it in a quantitie of luke warme water stirring the roote vp and downe in the water to cause it to receyue the effect and qualitie of the Celydonie the more Of which roote you must after you haue so done conuey a pellet as bigge as a beane for the huger sorte of Hawkes into the beake of your Hawke thrusting it downe with your fore-finger into the very gorge of hir to the end it may the better descend into your Hawke Besides this it is very good to open hir beake and conuey into hir one spoonefull of the water aforesayd not all at once but at twice or thrice closing fast hir clappes againe bycause shee maye the better keepe it and not cast it vp presently Thys beeyng done keepe hir a space vppon the fiste vntill the roote and licoure bee well settled in hir gorge After whyche cast hir on the pearche in suche a place where is no resorte eyther of people dogges chickens cattes or other suche lyke thynges to the ende you maye the better discerne hir skowring and besydes that shee maye haue the lesse cause to bate There let hir stande vntill shee hathe cast all the roote whiche shee receyued and that the water hathe made hir mewte and slise sufficiently whyche will doe hir very greate good Then after two houres it shall be well to giue hir a yong Ratte or
and not disquiet hir gorge after it bestow the other cure vpon hir with the annointing hir as I haue taught you ▪ you shal finde it the most perfect remedie that may be against those Filanders that lodge in the guttes and bowels of your hawke Of the disease of the Lyuer THe lyuer of a hawke is oftentimes inflamed by ouermuch bating trauaile as it happeneth not seldome to Falcons brought from farre forrayne parts by shippe againe when they bee impacient and bedlam in the mewe or when they flee surcharged with ouergreat bells For the ouerbelling of a Falcō puts hir to a greater payne trouble than needes By these suche like occasions hawkes become hot lyuered Againe somtimes it happeneth by meane of an Apostume which is engēdred either by some pricke of a thorne or the stripe of an other hawkes pownce by crabbing with hir For whē they haue such a stripe or pricke the skinne is broken outwardly but the bloud remaining corrupt within engēdreth the apostume Many times this disease of the lyuer proceedes of some broose agaynste the grounde or in a tree or the encounter with another fowle You shall perceiue this disease of the inflamation of the liuer when your hawke standeth melancolie casteth not at hir accustomed and woonted houres by hir fowle castings by hir stynking and yll coloured mewtes whereof I spake before by hir labouring thicke in the panell and by feeling of hir For hir pulse dothe beate as the pulse of a man that hath a feuer Moreouer hir mewt is as black as any incke The disease is the moste pestilent and daungerous of all others If the heate of hir lyuer proceede of too muche bating or broyling with hir selfe you maye easily cure hir with foure or fyue good lyquide and cooling gorges as to feede hir with the legge of a Pullette or the hearte of a Veale bathed in water of Buglosse Bowrage Hartes tongue and suche like waters Moreouer it is very souerayne to washe hir meate in the iuyce of Heubane or else that whiche doeth muche more refreshe the hawke to take a lyttle larde or Bacon withoute the rynde and well washte and conserued in good Rose water and laste of all rolled in powder of Suger Candie With this receyt more than with any other am I accustomed to recomfort and refreshe my hawke when she is sicke of hir liuer Notwithstanding the other medicines are very wholesome good And specially good freshe butter or Oyle washte and prepared as I taught you in the former chapter But when the mischiefe of the lyuer is engendred by some pricke of a thorne or the crabbing with some other hawkes or fowle as diuers tymes it happeneth to the Falcon by encounter with a Hearon when they binde togither in the ayre In this extremitie Mummie purified made to powder is very good You must rolle your hawkes meate in this Mummie prepared three or foure tymes so gyue it your hawke and if shee refuse to take it of hir selfe then conuey it into hir by force with a Cotton casting four or fiue dayes one after an other If she be ill affected in hir lyuer by a broose against the groūd or against a tree or by encounter with some other fowle then take Rewbarbe of the best one scruple dry it vpon a hot yron panne vntill it may be made into fine pouder of that gyue in a canuas casting the weight of two graines of wheate to your larger sort of hawkes but for the lesse hawke the one halfe will suffise After she hath taken this casting if she be hye in fleshe then two houres after feede hir with a Pullets legge washt in one of those cooling waters but if she be lowe poore with good hot meate Thus must you cōtinue four or fiue dayes giuing one day the casting with Rewbarbe another day with the Mūmy aforesayd Truly without doubt your hawke shal recouer if you folow this methode vnlesse the lyuer be remoued out of his place which somtimes doth happen by somegreat broose or straine And you shall know it by a cōtinual hardnesse which you shal feele in the hawkes panell by hir yellowe mewtes For this incōuenience there is no remedie in the world to be had although you wolde trye all that medicines that are to be vsed to hawkes you shal profit nothing It must nedes folow that within fiue daies your hawke peke of the perche It is not curable Giordanus an excellent Falconer for the indisposition heate of the lyuer willeth you to take halfe an ownce of Soldanel and one ownce of Iroes which is floure de Luce. You muste beate these into fine powder conuey it into your casting so giue it your hawke Withall at nyght he willes you when your hawke hath put ouer and well skowred hir filth feede hir with good meate washt in these cooling waters following Take water of Endiue Maydenheare Cycorie and Buglosse in these waters may you wash your hawkes meate as also hir casting if it please you wrapping in the casting the pouder aforesayde For what with the helpe of the one and the other no doubt you shall see a very good effect Moreouer the sayde Giordanus sayth that Gerfalcons are of al other the hottest hawkes therfore to maintaine kepe thē soūd he doth aduise to wash their castings in this water folowing Take Endiue water Maydenheare otherwise called Capillus Veneris the water of Scabiosa of eyther twoo ownces one dramme of choise Rewbarbe of the best Agarick one scruple put these in infusion where after they haue bin infused seuen houres wash your Hawks casting in it This order vse euer when your Gerfalcon is out of tune and it shall greatly pleasure hir Of diseases that happen to Hawkes feete and first as touching the swelling of a Hawkes foote SOmetymes the arme and foote of a Hawke doeth swell by meanes of yll humors that descende and drop downe through weaknesse of the foote or arme through ouergreat trauail toile through age by reasō of some blow or broose receiued lōg before This mischiefe may easily bee discerned as well by vewe of eye as touch of hande for besides that you shall plainly perceiue it in sight you may feele a verie great heate in the member so as sometimes the hawke is vnable to stande on hir legges for paine and anguish thereof Wherfore it is necessarie to looke to it with all care that may be and so vse the matter as the humor breede not the goute or the pinne which oftentymes happeneth to those poore byrdes to their great and continuall plague The way to cure it is to giue the humor a vent by launsing it and after that to recomfort the member by often annoynting it with the white of an Egge Vinegar and Rose water well beaten and coyled togither or else with verie good olde Oyle of Oliues such as you can come by out of a Bottell wherein Oyle hath beene
a Beane and let hir stande emptiepanneld vpon the same vntill night setting hir in the Sunne or by the fire This medicine is verie good for all byrdes of praye that are encombred with the Craye or Stone Neuerthelesse if a Gossehawke or a Sparrowhawke haue that disease so it be not too sore giue it hir nor more but once But as for other hawkes that are of stronger mettel ye maye giue it them thrice And when euening is come feede your hawke with a pullet or with mutton or with small birdes and the nexte morning steepe hyr meate in Goates mylke or womans mylke feeding hir so three dayes together with small gorges and she shall be sounde And if you will not or can not vse the sayde Receypt ye may take a little oyle Olyf and somewhat lesse Honnye and wette your hawkes meate therewith for it is good to helpe that disease Some put the sayde things into a Hennes gut tyde fast at both endes bycause a hawke will take it the better and naturally she likes not oyle with hir meate Master Michelin sets downe another medicine which is this Take Larde marow of beefe Suger clarified and once boyled and Saffron in pouder or eache a like quantitie prouided that the Lard be first stieped in vineger four and twentie houres and the water shifted three or foure times and set abroad in the open ayre Of the which things confected together ye must make pylles of the bygnesse of a Beane whereof you shall giue your hawke one or two setting hir in the Sun or by the fire and feeding hir with poultrie or with mutton allowing hir but reasonable gorges foure or fiue days together giuing hir Maces as afore for they can not but do the hawke great pleasure in euery condition and part Master Michelin teacheth another receipte for this disease specially for Gossehawkes and Sparowhawkes which I haue tryed ofte Cut a Sheepes hart in small pieces and when ye haue let it lye stieping all night in Asses mylke Gotes mylke or womans mylke put a little boylde Suger into the milke and gorge your hawke reasonably therwith three days together And assure your selfe that this medicine is very excellent for the Cray without danger for all manner of hawkes M. Martine sayth in auouchment of this matter that when a hawke cannot well mute with hir ease it betokeneth plainely sheweth that she hath the stone Cray For remedy wherof take the heart of a Hog and a quantitie of his sewet minced very small and make them into pouder togither giue it the hawke in hir meate three days successiuely Againe I haue seene some take the white of an egge or the whole egge with a little Saffron in pouder well coyled and beaten together which being bestowed vpon the hawkes meate hath cured hir Mallopin sets downe yet one other receit more Put the iuice of water Cressyes in a Hennes gut of one inche long tyed at both ends and force your hawk to receiue it Which done set hir in the Sunne or by the fire and feede hir not till noone at which time giue hir but halfe a gorge of hote meate bicause of the medicine which hath set al hir body out of temper Let this he done two or three dayes and if you find the medicine to haue scowred and takē much at the first of your hawke giue hir lesse and lesse and so shall she recouer The booke of Princes setteth downe yet one other remedie for the same disease that ye might put it in vre whiche soeuer liked you beste Take a penny weight of Persley seede as much of Smallage seede a dramme of boylde Suger a penny weight of Stauesaker of Wheaten branne one dram and halfe the shell of an egge Put them altogether into a good large psnet full of water and seethe it till it be consumed to the one halfe and then streine it through a cloth Then take of Cassia Fistula one dramme and of Turbith one penny weight of Hermodactils two pennye weight and of Aloes Cicotrine three penny weight Beate all these into fine pouder put them into the water wherein the other mixture was boyled and make thereof a Clyster in the bladder of a Pygge Then take a great quyll of a Goose or of some other byrde and thereof make the necke of your Clysterbagge fast tyed to the bagge that nothing maye issue out of it and so giue your hawke the Clyster as you haue seene it giuen to men at theyr neede This done set your hawke in the Sunne or by the fire and keepe hir emptie till noone at which time giue hir a pullets legge and so she shall recouer no doubt For the disease called the Filanders which happen in the bodyes of Hawkes and first of such as are in their gorge THe chiefe Falconers say that all hawkes haue the Filanders at al times are neuer without them like as it is saide that no horse is without the Bottes There are foure kyndes of Filanders and one other kynde of Filanders of which I will speake hereafter in their due places And with all these sortes of Filanders some hawkes are more pestered than other some The cause of them is eyther their feeding on grosse and foule meates which ingender increase those Filāders in them or else for that inflying either the field or the riuer they breake some smal veines within their bodies at the encounter by seazing too violently vpon their praye By reason whereof the bloud bursteth out into their bowels and there dryeth and clottereth whereof breede the sayd Filanders in great aboundance Afterwarde by reason of the stinch of the sayde bloud so clottered and bakte being corrupted and putrified in the bulke bycause it is out of the proper vessels and vaynes where it ought to be the Filanders runne about seeking the cleanest places of the bodie to shunne the sayd noysyme stinche and creepe vp either into the hawkes heart or into hir gorge so as she dyeth of it Againe some men saye that their hawkes dye of the diseases of the heade or of the Craye when in deede they dye of the Filanders or which is worsse of the Aignilles a kinde of Filanders for whiche we want an englishe terme I wil speake first of those Filanders that craule vp to the hawkes gorges and from thence to the holes in their palates whereat the hawkes do breathe and by them into their braynes wherby they be in danger of death Ye may perceiue this inconuenience in the gorge by this that when you haue fedde your hawke the Filanders feeling the sweetnesse and tast of the flesh doe styrre and craule about in suche wise as you shall see your hawke oftentimes gape By reason wherof it commeth to passe that nowe and then she casteth hir gorge Againe ye may know by this that your hawke will be strayning at them with hir talons Therefore cast hir gently and looke into hir throate and you shall see them
crawling there To kill the sayde Filanders master Amé Cassyan sayth thus take a great Radysh roote and make a hole in it and fill it with water and set it in embers verie hote putting fresh embers to it continually by the space of halfe an houre or more till it be throughly well boyled and as your water diminisheth fill it alwayes vp againe howebeit that the Radishe yeeldeth water ynough of his owne nature Then put the Radishe into a dyshe stampe it and presse out all the iuyce quite and cleane This done put the quantitie of a Peaze of Saffron made into pouder into the sayde water and washe your hawkes meate therewith when yee feede hir and giue hir but halfe a gorge And if she will not feede on it let hir be kept emptie till she be verye greedie and eger doe thus to hir three or foure dayes together and you shall kyll the Filanders and make your hawke sounde Of the Filanders that are in hawkes bowels and in their reynes YE shall discerne that the Filanders are in hir bowelles and guttes by hir heauie cheare and playnt in the nighte for she will crye and make a mournfull noyse Also ye may perceyue it by this that when ye take hir on your fist in the morning she will stretch hir selfe more strongly than she is wont to do of ordinarie and somtimes she wil make as though she would iouke vppon your siâ—te and she will be busie with hir beake about hir backe right ouer againste hir raynes When ye see these signes assure your selfe that eyther the Filanders or the Aigailles doe trouble hir and if she haue not helpe of them betimes they will kill hir for I haue seene many dye of that disease Master Amé Cassian giueth this remedie for that mischiefe Take Lentilles of the reddest that you can finde and parche them at the fire and make fine pouder of them with the pouder of Wormeseede lesse by one halfe than of the pouder of Lentils and mingle and temper them well together and make thereof a playster dryuen vppon cloth or leather Then deplume your hawke in the place where hir griefe is and lay the playster to hir panell changing it euerie day for foure or fiue dayes space together and she shall be cured If ye like not that receipt Master Michelin giueth you another which is this Take the leaues of a Peach tree of Rew and of Wormeseede and of those thre being brayed together streyne out the iuyce and afterwarde take then pouder of Wormewood and put it into the iuyce and lay it vpon your hawkes reynes playsterwise twice a day euening and morning for foure or fiue days together it will kil the Filanders and saue your hawke Master Amé Cassian telleth yet one remedie more Take saith he a cloue of Garlyke pylled and giue it your hawke in a hens skynne and it will heale hir Of the Filanders or wormes that are in hawkes legges and thighes whiche the Frenchmen call Vers. THere is another manner of Filander called the Vers which commeth sometimes vpon hawkes that are lately taken by setting them vpon a pearche vnhooded or vnseled for they fall to beating of them selues with so great force that they breake the veines of their legs And this hapneth specially rather to Hagard hawkes than to soare hawkes By meanes whereof the bloude of those veynes so broken poureth and distilleth along their legs and pannels betweene the skinne and the fleshe and there lying in lumpes doth conuert to wormes whereof the hawke dieth This disease may come also by hir bating ouermuch vpon the fiste where through she bruseth hir selfe violently and sometimes he that beareth hir furthereth it by his rashnesse impaciencie And ye may perceiue that the Filanders wormes are in your hawkes legges or bowels by this They plume themselues oftentimes yea the pendant feathers of their thighes and of their panels fal off voluntarily Master Mallopin sayth that the remedie for this disease is to washe your hawkes thighs bellie twice a day for foure or fiue dayes together with the foresaid medicine of the leaues of the Peachtree of Rew or wormeseede and with the wormeseede it selfe For the disease called in french the Aiguils an euill worse than the Filanders for which I know no apt English terme and therfore must borow the french terme of mine Author THere are found a kynd of Filanders which are called Aiguilles bycause they be sharpe like a needle shorter and more perillous than are the great Filanders for as much as in seeking the cleanest partes of the body to shunne the stinch and filth they pearce the bowels creepe vp to the hart so that your hawke perisheth of them if she be not regarded in time Ye shall perceiue this disease by hir shrinking and snyting vpoÌ„ the lure as also by hir grasping with hir foote more strongly in the mornings than she was wont to do againe by the often picking beaking in hir braile feathers neare hir tuell M. Mallopin giueth this remedie folowing Take Stauesaker beaten into pouder the herbe of Barbarie otherwise called in greek Pestora Aloes Citotrine of each a like quantitie coyled altogether into pouder and giue your hawke the quantitie of a Beane thereof lapped vp in some part of a Hennes skinne or in cotton Which done set hir in the Sunne or by the fire and at noone allowe hir but halfe a gorge You maye giue hir of this pouder three or foure dayes so she be not too lowe already for if she be not somewhat highe in fleshe and in life she will not be able to beare and brook it And if this medicine cure hir not take this that foloweth which is of master Mallopins deuice also Burne Harts horne well raked in the embers when it is waxen cold beate it into pouder Then take the like quantitie of Lupins made into pouder as ye had of the harts horne asmuch againe of the pouder of Wormseed as of both the other halfe asmuch Aloes Cicotrine as of the Harts horne and half asmuch Tryacle as of Aloes Mingle al these togither with Honny by litle litle force it to that thicknesse that ye may make balles of it to the bignesse of a nut whereof ye shall giue your hawke euery day one by the space of fiue or sixe days allowing hir but half a gorge after it And if your hawke cast it again let it be lapped in a litle cottoÌ„ or in a hens skin that she feele not the bitter tast of it M. Amé Cassian giueth yet another remedy which is the medicine made heretofore for the Filanders that is to wit Rew Wormwood of each alike and asmuch of the Peachtree leaues as of theÌ„ both with a litle pouder of Wormseede infused in the iuyce of the said herbs Then fill a Hennes gut of an inche long therwith tied fast at both ends and giue it to your hawke You maye vse
bayle of wood that they maye by that meanes the better keepe their feathers vnbroken and eschue the dragging of theire traines vppon the ground for so shall they bee the better sunned Michelin sayth further that to keepe Eyesse Hawkes from that inconuenience specially when they bee taken ouer little they must be kept in a drie and cleane place yee must strewe euery where vnder them the herbe that in Frenche is called Yeble which hath a seede like Elder This herbe is of nature whot and good against the goute and the disease of the reines which might befall them Wherefore if ye will keepe Hawkes well that are new taken from out of the nest if ye take them in the morning yee must let them stand emptie till noone and if ye take them in the euening yee muste not feede them till the next morrowe And when yee feede them giue them tender flesh and after that lette them not stand emptie any more too long for hindering their feathers and tainting them Of Hawkes that haue lice mites or other vermine IF ye will knowe whether your Hawkes haue lice or mites set hir in the warme Sunne out of the winde and by and by ye shall easyly perceyue it for they will crall out vpon hir feathers and swarme there For remedie hereof take a quantitie of Orpinent beaten into very fine powder and hauing mingled it with halfe asmuch powder of Pepper lette youre Hawke be cast handsomly that shee breake not hir feathers then powder first the one wing and so the other gently and finally all the whole carkasse of hir after which set hir vppon your fiste againe bespoute hir and squirt a little water on hir with your mouth and set hir by a fire or in the Sunne till she be throughly wetherd Afterward when ye intend to feede hir wash hir beake to take away the sauor of the Orpiment and beware that your Hawke be not poore when you intende to vse Orpiment Hauing thus done you shall see that all the mites and lice will discouer them selues vpon hir feathers and die eyther the Orpimēt alone or the Pepper alone are as good as both of them togither to spoyle the mites But here is the oddes the Pepper maketh the mites to shewe themselues and then the Orpiment murdreth them When yee vse the Pepper alone put thereto a thirde part lesse of Asshes to abate the force of the Pepper and so shall your Hawke be ridde of those vermine And assure your self that no hawke which hath the mites be she neuer so good is able to do hir duetie play hir parte by reason of the anoyāce which she feeleth in hir feathers by thē And if ye would rid hir of the mites without washing hir thē my Author bids you take a very old Mauis or Blacke bird hauing takē out al the greace that ye can find in hir anoynt your Hawkes feete and the pearch whereon ye set hir therewith for all the Vermine will repaire downe to it and therfore shift hir out of hir place twice or thrice in the nighte that she may be no more troubled therewith Of the Hawke that holdeth not hir wings vp so well as she should do but lolleth them IF a Hawke that is newly taken be set straightwayes vpon a pearch or vppon the fiste of one that hath no skill to vse hir she ouerheates hir selfe with bating and afterward catcheth suche colde vpon it as shee cannot recouer or trusse hir wings close to hir againe nor be able to flee well Mallopin sayth that to remedie this mischiefe you must take of the best vineger that is to be gotten with your mouth spirt it vpon and betwixte hir feathers till she be throughly wet taking good heede that none of it come in hir nares and afterward set hir by the fire or in the Sunne seruing hir so two or three dayes togither And if she recouer doe nothing else to hir but if shee recouer not let hir bathe eyther of pleasure or of force and shee wyll trusse vp hir wings to hir by meane of striuing with hir selfe Then let hir be set very warme by a fire or in the Sunne for if she should chill vppon it shee woulde become worse than before Of the Crampgout MArtin sayth yee shall discerne the Crampgout by your Hawkes holding of hir one foote vpon the other and by hir often knibbing and sobbing of hir foote with hir beake For remedie whereof ye must cast hir handsomly and let hir bloud on the veyne that is betweene the foote and the legge and afterward anoynt the veyne with Capons greace or with Oyle of Roses To keepe a Hawke from all manner of Goutes the Frenche mans opinion is this BY Martins aduise if yee doubte that your hawke shall haue the Goute you must feare hir and cauterize hir as hereafter followeth Take a small yron with a rounde button at the ende as bygge as a Peaze heate it redde hotte and feare hir therewith first aboue the eyes then vpon the toppe of hir head and thirdly vpon the balles of hir feete And this violent kind of dealing with hir is the next and assuredst waye to do good in suche desperate diseases if any helpe be to bee had But my Italian Author Sforzino giueth ouer a hawke that is troubled with the Goute and thinketh there is small credit to bee gotten by the cure bicause of the impossibilitie For the byting of avenemous beaste or woorme IF your Hawke be bitten or stung of a venemous beaste or woorme make hir to receyue a little Tryacle and powder of Pepper and afterward feede hir with hotte meate two dayes and beware that she touche no water for twentie daies after Or else burne a Frogge and beate hir into powder and put thereof vpon Cattes fleshe and gyue it your Hawke These are straunge remedies and rare and of the Frenche deuise Giue your iudgement of them and by tryall you shall knowe what they will do I finde them in my Authour and therefore do sette them downe and not for any experience I haue had of them For the wound or byting of any beaste IF your hawke be hurt by any mischaunce and the mouth of the wounde very small ryppe it larger and skowre it with white wyne laying theron a playster of white Frankincense and Masticke and annoynte it rounde aboute with butter Oyle of Roses or Oyle Olyue A treatise and briefe discourse of the Cure of Spanels vvhen they be any vvaye ouerheatte deuised and written by Master Francesco Sforzino Vicentino the Italian Gentleman Falconer HOwe necessary a thing a Spanell is to Falconrie and for those that vse that pastime keping Hawkes for their pleasure recreatiō I deeme no man doubteth as well to spring and retriue a fowle being flowen to the marke as also diuers other wayes to assiste and ayde Falcons and Goshawkes Wherefore seeing that hythertoo in my collection I haue spoken altogyther of Hawkes bothe for the Ryuer