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A14053 A new boke of the natures and properties of all wines that are commonly vsed here in England with a confutation of an errour of some men, that holde, that Rhennish and other small white wines ought not to be drunken of them that either haue, or are in daunger of the stone, the revine, and diuers other diseases, made by William Turner, doctor of Phisicke. Whereunto is annexed the booke of the natures and vertues of triacles, newly corrected and set foorth againe by the sayde William Turner. Turner, William, d. 1568. 1568 (1568) STC 24360; ESTC S103034 34,724 96

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of the Beane of Egypt with thrée ciathes of warme water that is about the measure of foure ounces and a half It is also good against the long during paines of the head disinesse of the head and hardnesse of hearing it mendeth the dulnesse of the eye-sight it helpeth the falling sicknesse and them that cast out bloud if a man will giue it with the broth of Comfrey It draweth out the wormes in the guttes it helpeth those that haue diseases of the liuer and milt it helpeth thorowlye the bloudie flixe and the common flixe that commeth of the slipperinesse of the guts and stomacke and the turning torments of the guts especially if the guttes haue no inflammation or great burning heate in them Besides this when as the body wasteth away with to much sweating and his strength is brought to weakenesse the nature of the disease will not suffer the vse of wine this triacle drūken stayeth or stoppeth the sweate and restoreth the strength that was weakened before It doth also prouoke downe to women their sickenesse that hath bene long stopped and it doth now and then open the stopping of the issue of the mother and of the Emrodes for séeing that it is endued with sundrye and mengled qualities or properties therfore it spreading abrode something making them thin draweth them togither that they maye be sifted out It vseth for to staye other things that flowe aboue measure by reason of the weaknesse of the strength of the body or the power retentiue or holding power and therefore restoreth the strength againe and also it helpeth all diseases of the ioyntes when as the time of increasing the disease is past and it is come to the highest for then thou shalte giue to drinke this triacle after thou hast made fometations vpō the aking place the which in déede shall driue awaye the flowing humors that are stuffed in and shall driue backe those that woulde fall in afterwarde This Triacle is good also for them that are of perfite health if they take it oft With the vse of this Triacle I haue oft times helped those that haue the disease called in Greeke Elephantiasis and now commonly called the lepre or leprosie which is not in déede the lepre of the olde Grecians neither it that the scripture maketh mention of It is not onely good for the bodie but also for the minde for if it be oft drunken it healeth melancholyke diseases and wasteth away blacke choler by reason whereof it is also good for the Feuer Quartaine which commeth of blacke choler But it may not be giuen in the beginning of a Quartaine otherwise called melancholy I haue deliuered many verie easily that haue bene sicke of the Quartaine with this remedie For I vse first to purge the sick person by vomiting which is done after meate and the next daye I giue hym to drinke the iuice of wormwood and then two houres before his 〈◊〉 I geue him this Triacle and oft times the pacient is by and by deliuered from his fit This medicine hath accustomably taken away the feare of water which of all diseases is the worst and vseth to come to a man after he is bitten of a mad dog They that haue this disease are afrayde of water and for the great drynesse that they haue within thē they are desirous of moysture but they forbeare or hold themselues from drink bicause that they are departed from their right minde and vnderstanding and consider not what woulde helpe them or doe them good And therefore it commeth to passe that they flying eschuing water wither and are drawen togither with a deadly crampe by the reason of a hote ague that they are inwardly burnt with and so at length die the wretchedst kinde of death that can be I haue vsed somtimes to put some portion of this triacle mengled with rose oyle into the wounde that the madde dog hath made that it might after the maner of a boxing glasse sucke and draw out from the bottome the vennome in so much that the Triacle is not onely good to be taken in but also to be layde outwardly vpon the wound which as soone as the dog hath made with his téeth must be launced and cut rounde about and kept open for the space of foure dayes that the venome may therby breth out that the wounde be not stopped or growen vp againe And for this purpose ye may make a cauterisation in the wound to kepe it long open but bicause the most part of men can better abide the akings than the burnings If the wounde can be kept open with only cutting it shall be better to let it abide so in tender and weake persons but if it wil néedes grow to then must it be kept open with burning or cauterisation A man cannot finde a better remedie than this triacle against the pestilence which being also as it were a wild beast bred of the corruption of the ayre leaping vpon men by the inbreathing of that ill breaths which destroyeth wasteth and maketh hauock not only of one man but of whole tounes and Cities And as Hipocrates draue away the pestilence out of Athens with great fires made of spice woods and swéete floures chaunging the temperature of the aire that men by this meanes might draw in with their breath the purified or clensed aire for a remedye against the common euill that reigned there then Euē so this Triacle like a scouring or purging fire will not suffer them that take it in before they be infected to be infected at al and deliuereth them that are infected already if they take it in afterward chaunging the malicious poyson of the aire which they haue receyued by breath And suffereth not the disease to spread any further Wherfore I counsel thée euen whē as thou art in thy best helth to vse oft this Triacle But especially when thou makest thy iorney in the winter And this Triacle strengthneth also the wittes or senses It quickeneth the minde or vnderstanding and so defendeth the body by reason of the mixture that it suffereth not the bodye to be ouercome by anye poyson or venemous drink or potion As it is reported of king Mithridates who defended himselfe so not with the great triacle which at that time was not but with a preseruatiue of his owne making which after his owne name was called Mithridatium that he could not be ouercommed with any poyson a man must vse this Triacle after he hath perfitely digested Somtime in the quantity of a beane of Egypt with thrée ounces a halfe of water And somtime when he hath more time to digest the medicine he may take the quantitie of a Hasel nut with four ounces a halfe of water But I would counsell no body to take this triacle in the heate of Sommer Neyther ought it to be taken oft and much of them that are of flourishing or lusty age neither of thē that are of hote natures or complexions
therefore the drinking of wine is profitable for olde men but to them that are in growing it is excéeding hurtfull moreouer Plato did not suffer that the souldiers shoulde drinke any wine in the campe neither bondmen in the citie neyther princes nor gouernors in the cōmonwelth neither iudges neither any other that should enter in the counsell about any matter bicause that wine as a certain tyrant doth rule ouercome the powers of the soule Hitherto Galen But bicause it hath bene diuerse times sayd that wine is good for olde men and it is not as yet fullye shewed what maner of wine that should be it shal be best to teache men by Galen what wines are best for old men Galen lib. 5. de sanitate tuenda sayth All your counsell must goe to this ende in chosing of wine fit for old men that it may be very thin or subtil in color redish yellow or yellow or pale yellow which is of a middle color betwéene bright yellow and white The warming of all the members in olde mens bodies There are two profites that come to old men by the vse of wine one is that it warmeth all the members of their bodies and the other is that it scoureth out by the water all the whayishnesse or thin waterishnes of the bloud and bicause it doth so effectuallye The scouring awaye of the whaiish waterynesse of the bloud it is best for olde men But such wine is it that is thin in substance driueth forth water and is yellow in color for that is the proper color of hote wines and so also which haue bene from the beginning verye white and haue gotten a certaine yellownesse when they haue waxed old wherevpon they begin first to be a little yellowishe pale and afterwarde to be plainly yellow pale But such wines as are eyther pale yellow or bright yellow and a fat substaunce increase the bloud nourish the bodie by reason wherof they are now then good for old men to wete at such times whē as they haue not much wheyish moisture would be more plenteously norished but for all that aged mē had more nede for the most part such wines as make a man pisse much bicause they haue such plenty of waterish excrements Now good reader séeing that almighty God our heauenly father hath giuen thée this noble creature of wine so manye wayes profitable for our bodies and mindes thanke him with all thy heart not onely for it but also for that he hath sent learned Phisitions to tell thée how in what measure and in what time thou should vse them and not vse them and for what complexions and ages they are good and for what complexions and ages they are euill If thou take any harm by misusing this noble creature of God blame not him but thine owne selfe that hast abused it contrary to his will and to the learning of his officers seruants that taught thee the right vse of it Honor be giuen to God for euer Amen FINIS This Booke sheweth at large the powers commodities vertues and properties of the three most renouned and famous Preseruatiues or Triacles to weete of the great Triacle called in Latine Theriaca Andromachi of the Triacle Salt and of it that is called by the name of the first finder out and maker Mithridatium Gathered out of Galen and Aëtius by the labours and paines of William Turner Doctor of Phisicke Newly corrected and amended Mellis si nimia est copia bilis erit William Turner to the gentle Reader FORASMVCH AS both Christian charity and the common ciuil loue that euerye man oweth to his countrye woulde and doth require that all Christians and men liuing ciuilly togither in one common countrye shoulde one helpe another with such giftes either of the minde as learning knowledge wisedome and cunning or with bodily giftes as riches strength and all kinde of mans helpe if they be more richly replenished therwith than their neighbors be Methinke we that professe the science of Phisick and can shewe great helpe and comfort vnto our brethren and countrymen as wel as men of other countries to wete Italians Germanes and Spaniards haue done might iustlye be accused of vnkindnesse if none of vs being so many would take in hand to declare in the English tong the manifolde and worthie vertues of the great Triacle made by Andromachus and of the Triacle Salt which is called in Latine Saltheriacalis Wherefore seeing that hitherto I haue not perceiued any man to haue taken that labour in hand for the loue that I owe vnto almightie God and his people my countrymen of England I will aduenture as well as I can to declare the nature vertue propertie and operations of the forenamed Triacle and also of the Triacle Salt And bicause I am not minded to bring out any new thing of mine owne inuention I entend for to gather the summe of this whole matter out of an olde Graecian named Galen the most famous writer of Phisicke that wrote this .xiiij. hundred yeare in all Europa Asia or Africa and out of another famous Graecian named Aëtius a man of great learning who gathered into a booke that is now abrode in Latin all the most notable compositions that his predecessor noble Galen lest behind him and a great number of compositions of medicines written before Galens time by noble Phisitions wherof Galen made no mention and also of no small number of excellent compositions of medicines inuented by learned Phisitions after Galens time If this my paine taken in this matter shall be perceiued to be thankefull vnto thee and to be well taken if God sende me longer life and health I will set something more forth to the profite of all my country men both my friendes and foes also The maner of making of the great Triacle and Triacle Sale and Mithridatium maye be had both in Galen to Piso and also in Aetius Wherefore if there be any Apothecaries of Lōdon that dare take in hande to make these noble compositions they may know now where to haue thē or if that for lacke of some simple medicines not easilye to he had in England they dare not aduenture vppon the making thereof they maye haue them made alreadye from Venice as faithfully compounded at this time as euer any Triacles haue bene made there these .xl. yeres But now let vs reherse the vertues and properties of these excellent medicines And first of the great Triacle ¶ Galen writeth to Piso this THE TRIACLE DEuised by Andromachus the elder is verye good against the biting of all wilde beastes and Serpentes against poysoned medicines against diseases of the stomach shortnesse of winde against the Colicke against the iaundise the dropsey the consumption of the lunges all kinde of crampes or drawings togither the pleurisie sores of the bladder stopping of water paines of the kidneyes pestilent diseases and also the biting of a mad dog if it be taken in the weight