doth presently ease the pain of the teeth coming from cold or wind and takes away all corruption but this remedy is nothing worth if the pain proceed from a hot cause Also it is good to rub aking teeth with the diâ—â—lled water of Tobacco To cure the Thrush and Ulcers of the Gums a mixture is made with Honey of Roses and the juyce of sour Pomgranats which maudifies scoures and breeds flesh The leaves of Tobacco roâ—sted under the hot embers applyed to the pained part ease the pains of the Throat over-cooled by rheume and all other Diseases of the body proceeding from cold causes And a gargarism may be made of the decoction of this Herb alone or mingled with other Herbs proper for this Disease It wonderfully helps Diseases of the brest and those that spit bloody matter Also for short breath and other inveterate Diseases if a decoction of it be made with Sugar and the Stomach being first purged it be taken for somâ— daies together So the leaves of Tobacco boyled in water and Sugar put to the decoction Or rather juyce of the leaves pressâ—d forth and boyled into a syrrup Apozeme or Julep taken daily upon an empty stomach two or three ounces 〈◊〉 a time abates the difficulty of breathing and an old cough It brings forth thick clammy corrupt humours but the sick must be first well purged and generally his body must be well emptied by Physick Also a Syrrup may be made of other pectoral means adding the leaves of Tobacco to them or Liquorish Reasins Jububes Figges Prunes Dates and Herbs fit for this use as Maydenhair Scabious Horehound and the like Take Maydenhairs white and black Horehound Coltsfoot of each one handfull Tobacco leaves two or three Reasins without stones whole Barley of each one Pugill Liquorish scraped two drammes make a decoction to a pint sweeten it with Sugar and Honey what is sufficient Another that attenuates and cuts more Take Scabious Horehound Maydenhairs Wall-Ruâ— of each one handfull and half Figgs ten Reasins one ounce Tobacco leaves five Liquorish scraped two drammes make a decoction in a pound of Hoâ—ied water untill two parts be consumed Adde to the strained Liquor of simple Oxymel Syrrup of Maydenhair of each two ounces Oxymel compound one ounce mingle them Water of Tobacco with Eybright water drank daily upon an empty stomach doth the same as Doctor Iarnacus Goverour of Rochel hath proved who was an intimate acquaintance of Nicotilus and private to the counsels and businesses of the French King and whom he chiefly desired to communicate the Knowledg of this Plant to This man being at a Banquet of the Kings with the Embassodour professed that by this means he cured one of an Asthma I saith Nicolaus Monardus observed some men troubled with an Asthma returning from the WestIndies or from Peru chewing Tobacco leaves in their mouthes and swallowing the juyce of them to make them spit forth corrupt matter but though these men were drunk by it it appears they found much good by it to bring out matter and flegm that stuck in their stomachâ— The dry powder of Tobbacco performs the same if you hold as much of it as you can take between the top of your fore-finger and thumb at the root of your tongue near your palate taking care that you swallow not the powder for in a short space you shall perceive great plenty of flegmatique humours to run forth at your mouth and this will endure untill that you may fill a small dish with flegme When you think this watry huâ—our is come forth in sufficient quantity wash your mouth with some good white Wine Do this every morning upon an empty stomach If this be to troublesome do it every third day alwaies according to art premising universals The same way it is profitable for the Diseases of the Brest and the parts adjoyning as the Lungs Wesand Throat offended by afflux of humours It is wonderfull good for pains proceeding from a defluxion of humours upon the mouth of the stomach or bred there and for all old paines of it or preternatural long-during paines of the Reins and for contractions of parts from chronical and lasting Diseases to chew the powder of dry leaves of Tobacco in the mouth to make an Apophâ—egmatism with them The women of the West-Indies mightily commend the leaves of Tobacco because they take away the crudities of the stomachs of young and old and dispell winds restore concoction soften the belly if it be first annointed with oyl of Olives and the leaves being made hot under hot embers be applyed to the region of the belly and be renewed as oft as occasion is The ashes must not be wiped off but more must be laid on to make it more effectual Also if you lay the said leaves so prepared to one that is surfeitted with meat or drink you shall very much remove his Crapula and repletion The same reason serves for the powder of the dry Herb if you put so much of it as you can hold between your finger and thumb into a spoonfull or two of Aqua vitae when you go to bed For it takes away your surfet and makes you sleep and resolves flegm They that swound away presently recover their former strength if the smoak of the leaves come into their mouthes or nostrils drawn by a Pipe or Reed Tobacco wonderfully helps the torments of the Guts and Belly and pain of the Colick and other paines proceeding from wind or cold if you lay the leaves on very hot and change them often untill the pain abate The powder of the leaves dried is good for the same use taken in white Wine or some other liquor when you go to bed about half a dram or a dram weight or thereabouts The leaves used the same way cure the wringing of the small Guts and it is proper to put this Herb with others in decoctions for Clysters as also to use them for Plasters and Fomentations that will do great service For Example take Mercury Râ—e Marsh Mallows Little Centâ—ury of each one handfull Hysop Calamint Wormwood of each one handfull and an half Tobacco leaves six roots of Marsh-mallows half an ounce Linseed Fenegrek of each three drams Cumminseed Anniseed of each one dram and half let them boâ—l in sufficient quantity of water untill the third paâ—t be consumed then take of the liquor boil'd and strained one pound Hiera Picra half â—n ounce Benedicta Laxativa â—ix drams fresh Butter Honey of Roseâ— strained of each six drams Oyl of Rue and Dill of each one ounce and half common Salt one dram Mingle them all and make a Clyster If Tobacco leaves be distilled with Fumitary it wonderfully helps all Diseases of the Liver But observe you must take less quantity of Fumitary then of Tobacco The juyce of the leaves of Tobacco bruised with a little Vineger or the Oyntment of them
which is reported of them to their disgrace to prepare this juyce or Caldo also the use of Aniseeds is from the Spaniard To stand constantly to ferment we say Broyen This signifies a moderate heat next to strong heat yet â—ot come so farre as to burne but onely to foster and ferment Such a heat Depilatories bring to the parts and Birds to their egges when they sit to hatch their young The Aegyptians produce such a heat in their Ovens when they by Art hatch abundance of Hen Egges as Bellonius observes Some despise the use of Tâ—bacco that grows with us yet Experience teacheth us that our green Leaves will cure Wounds Vlcers and other Diseases sooner and more certainly than the dried Leaves brought from the Indies It is crâ—dible that those dried Leaves coming so farre have lost great part of their strength oft-times Others there are that maintain that our Tobacco Leaves dried and prepared after the Indian manner are more effectuall here than the Indian Tobbacco because that our Leaves be they what they will agree better with our temper and we can have the choice of the fresh Leaves better than of those that are brought to us from other parts whereof the greatest part is to be suspected as being most frequently Sophisticated Agrippa lib. de Vaintate Scient. c. 84 saith Adulterated or such as are to be rejected or are Suffocated in the Ship in the Passage or Sobbed in the water or corrupted with age or not gathered in fit time and place whereby there may be danger The same Author saith well it is folly to fetch out of India what we have plenty at home not being contented with our own Land or Sea prefering Forrain Commodities before those of our own Country things costly before those that are cheap and things hard to come by before such as are easie desiring to fetch them from the Worlds end c. At this day in Zeland there is a Merchant that soweth yearly about five Acres of ground with Tobacco Seed with great cost and the Plants that grow he dresseth after the Indian manner he drieth and prepareth the Leaves as the Indians do and he sels them â—very where which hitherto hath brought him â—â— small profit And now almost ten years the use of this Tobacco hath so prevailed here that men do not much care for Virginy Tobacco or what comes from other Countries The Vertues THe Spaniards have learned that Tobacco is an enemy to the most deadly Poyson that the Cannibals were wont to dip their Arrows and Darts in It happened that some Cannibals Sailed in their boats to St Iohns Port to shoot all the Indians and Spaniards they could find and kill them with their Arrows when they were Arrived they wounded some Indians and Spaniards and some they killed These wanting Sublimate which they were wont to strew upon their Wounds in such Cases they were taught by an Indian to annoynt their Wounds with the juyce of Tobacco pressed forth and to lay a bruised Lease upon them The pains presently ceased and all those Symptoms which use to attend such Wounds the Poyson was quickly conquered and the Wounds were cured It chiefly opposeth Hellebore the King of Spain would needs try this and commanded a Huntsman to wound a Dog in the throat to strew Hellebore into it and after that to put in plenty of the juyce of Tobacco and lay on the bruised Leaves this was done presently and the experiment was made the Wound being bound up in a very short time the Dog was recovered which made them all to wonder at it I shall here adde what Aedigius Everhardus reports concerning his Panacaea It fell out that at Antwerp one gave a Gentle Womans Cat that was somewhat fierce Poyson to drink The Cat run madding up and down trying but in vain to vomit up the Venome The Gentle Woman thought of a way how to wrap up a Leafe to Tobacco bruised in butter and to thrust that down the Cats throat this was done and the Cat soon cast up the Poyson and escaped It is worth observing what the most Learned Monardes Writes that the Indians do stop hunger and thirst by the use of Tobacco in this fashion They burn some shels of shell Fish of the Rivers and then break them like Lime they take as much Tobacco Leaves as of this Lime and they chew them untill they come into one Lump of this they make Trochesks greater than Peas and they dry them in the shade and keep them for their use when they journey in desart places where they cannot easily come by Meat or drink they put one of these Pellets betwixt their lips and lower teeth and they suck it and they swallow down the moisture that comes from it instead of meat and drink when that is spent they take another This way they will live without Meat or Drink for three or four daies and be never weary or lose any strength for by continuall chewing of these Pellets they draw Flegmatique Humours from their Brains which their stomach digests into nutriment for want of better food Pliny l. 7. c. 2. Reports that at the furthest part of the Indies Eastward toward the Fountaine of Ganges there are men called Astomi that want mouths and live only by the Aire and sweet smels they draw in by their Nostrils they have neither Meat nor Drink but they live only by the sweet and fragrant sents of Roots Flowers and wilde Apples which could not be unless they were truly nourished for life and nourishment are almost all one Iohannes Alexandrinus opening that place of Hippocrates sexto Epidemiorum saith that Democritus the Abderite a Philosopher when the Feasts of Ceres was nigh being requâ—sted that he would not pollute his house lived onely with the vapour and sent of Honey for four daies This is the opinion of some men from whom he relates it but others say it was done by the smell of new bread hot from the Oven Oribasius 1. Aphor. Com. 12. mentions the same thing saying The Philosopher relates that one Man lived forty daies by the sent of Honey But hâ—re is a most notable mistake to put 40 for 4. but by the figures it might be quickly overslipt Also we read in the Book that hath that Title who ever was the Authour that Aristotle lived for sometime only by the smell of an Apple Some there are that dip hot bread in good Wine and apply it to the Nostrils of sick people and if we apply it likewise to the Temples and sides it will very much restore strength Also Conciliator Aponensis reports that he used to restore his life when he was dying with Safron and Casâ—oreum bruised and mingled together with Wine and that he gave that composition to old people and it did them as much good by smelling to it as by drinking it But these are no wonders for as by Meat and Drink
whatsoever of the solid substance is wasted is repaired again so by Ayre and smoke is regain'd what is spent of aeriall and moist substance If therefore Ayre and smoake only which is nothing else than a thin substance and aeriall quality do nourish as Galen teacheth elegantly l. 1. de Sanitat tuend. c. 2. much more will an Odoriferous quality perform this when it is mixed with a quality that is friendly to nature Also Mathiâ—lus after Theophrastus reports that the Scythians will be content with Licoris only for ten or twenty daies and desire no other Meat or drink Object 1. Truly for the Negative part very maâ—y Arguments may be brought as that of Aristotle 2. de Anima c. 3. Where he saith that touching is the sense of Nutriment as if he had said that alâ—ment as it is tâ—sted is the Object of touching for tasting is a kinde of touching wherefore smoke being not to be touched cannot nourish Object 2. Again Nothing can give nourishment to a body unless it first concocted in the Stomach Liver and Spleen as Galen saith 1. de temper c. 1. Object 3. The same is the matter of Nutrition and Generation of the same Galen 1. de sem c. 16. wherefore Man being not Born of Smoke cannot be fed by smoke Many more Arguments may be urged Answ. We answer that smoke may be understood two waies First Formally and then it is an insensible quality different from the first qualities yet resulting from the actions of them Secondly Materially that is for the substance it is inherent in and that is Tobacco here Now this is hot and dry to be considered of for its heat and thin substance I say then that an Aromaticall sweet smell doth refresh the forces and strengtheneth the brain heart and stomach for it is a most welcome quality to these parts and therefore it preserves their temperament and substance and the vitall and animall sprits are renewed and made most fit for natures operations by a smoke joyned with a sweet sent and sucked in with that Aromaticall Vapour Apposition and Fasting together must go before Nutrition and this fume seems to be to thin and simpler than that we can imagine it can glew and fasten anywhere therefore it cannot be said to be the matter of nourishment Secondly Water cannot nourish at all 4. de usu part and 3. acut Com. 17. Therefore smoke that is more thin and unmixed cannot nourish and Galen saith 10 Meâ—h 2.9 That the Liver receives no profit by the Ayre that is drawn in and of things we Eat and Drink the Liver hath less profit than the stomach yet it receiveth some benefit as it is manifest and that reason is confirmed by Galen's Doctrine 3. de usu part c. 1. and often elsewhere when he faith That the common and greatest and first way of nourishment is by the Mouth and from thence the food is carried to the Stomach as to the common Store-house for all the parts and set in the middle of the living Creature where being once concocted it penetrateth to the liver to be turned into Blood whereby all the parts are fed but this smoke is not suckt in by the liver to be concocted into Blood therefâ—re it cannot nourish But Hippocrates may be produced for the other part lib. de Aliment where he saith that an Aery smoke drawn in by the throat may nourish his Words are The beginning of nourishment are the Ayre Nostrils Mouth Throat Lungs and Breathing c. To unâ—y this knot observe first That a man beiâ—g in continuall motion and consisting of a double matter namely Earthy and Watry which forms the solid and fleshy parts and of an Aery and fiery which forms the Spirits another principle of life Hence it is that he wants a double matter to repaire the decayed and dissipated substance of them both Namely Meat and Drink to restore Earthy and Watry part consumed but Fire and Water to make up the spirituall part as Galen doth plainly teach 1. de sâ—nit c. 2. The second Note is That though Hippocrates doth say lib. de Aliment now cited That the Spirits are noâ—rished yet they are not truly nourished since they are not the true and living parts of the body nor have they any naturall faculty to nourish them whereby they may change Aeriall matter like themselves into their own substance but they are perpetually bred fresh by the most powerfull force of the heart and strong heat tempering the thin vapours of blood with the Ayre that is drawn to it But Hippocrates saith they are fed because the life is perceived to be very much recreated and refreshed when the proper instrument is refreshed and again when the Spirâ—ts are decayed the life deprived of its proper instrument decaies also Wherefore the Spirit is bred not of its own faculty but from that which is inserted into all the principall parts and they are bred the same way almost as the Chylus is made in the stomach and blood in the Liver yet not so as if the Spirits as well as they were the matter of nutriment for they are so thin and subtill that they can stick and joyn to no part These things being first laid down it will be easie to answer the contrary Arguments To the first I answer That the Ayre 's not joyning needs not trouble us nor the unfitness of it to nourish For we do not think that the Ayre doth nourish the solid and fleshy parts really but being so mingled as I said and concocted by the strong heat of the heart I maintan it doth goe into the substance of the Spirits To the second the answer is easie For though the water alone be unfit for nourishment yet mingled with other things that nourish we find it gains a nourishing condition I answer to the Confirmation That it is true that Meats and Drinks can indeed be converted into nourishment no where but in the stomach and liver but I deny that the Ayre wants those Transmutations But to return whence I digressed Thomas Hariot in his description of Virginy reports that Tobacco is so much esteemed amongst the barbarous people that they are perswaded 〈◊〉 gods take delight 〈…〉 also wherefore they kindle sacred fires and instead of Sacrafice they cast this in in powder and when they sail they will cast the powder of it into the Ayre and Water They observe the same custome saith the same Authour making strange mimicall apish gestures sometimes stamping the earth with their feet sometimes leaping sometimes rejoycing clapping their hands and lifting them up on high sometimes looking towards Heaven and speaking incongruous words if at any time they escape any great danger I cannot let that pass that you shall hardly meet any one of these Barbarians who hath not hanging about his neck a small bundle of Tobacco with pipes made of Palme tree Leaves and who also taking with his