the Evacuation of the blood and the preparation and purgation of the vitious humors ought to be enjoyned according to the Nature of the peccant humors This in the general is to be pre-cautioned that regard be had unto the Heart that it be wel and safe guarded against al the malignant vapors that exhale from the putrifying part And therefore we must here administer for the comforting and strengthening of the Heart Medicaments of Borrage Bugloss Carduus Benedictus the smallest Sorrel Bole-armenick Terra sigillata Bezoar stone Citrons Treacle Mithridate Species of Diamargarit frigid Electuarium de Gemmis Confection of Hyacinth Alkermes and the like Or Take the Water of Scabious Sorrel Borrage Roses and Carduus Benedictus of eâ—â—h one ounce and half Syrup of Sorrel Citrons and Pomegranates of each one ounce the species of Diamargarit frigid Bole armenick and Terra sigillata of each one scruple Mingle them and make a Potion Or Take Conserve of Roses two ounces of Sorrel of Borrage and of Gilliflower of each one ounce Citron rind candied Rob de Ribes of each half an ounce prepared Margarites Bole-armenick Terra sigillata the temperate Cordial Species of each one scruple Syrup of Sorrel and of Citrons as much as wil suffice and mingle them Let the Heart be likewise guarded externally with Topicks As Take the Water of Roses two ounces of Borrage and Sorrel one ounce and half of Carduus Benedictus one ounce Vinegar of Water-Germander six drams Spirit of Roses one scruple Mace Lign-aloes Rinds of the Citron of each half a dram Saffron half a scruple Camphire six grains Mingle them and make an Epithem which must be applied unto the Region of the Heart for its defence and preservation In a Gangrene likewise for the most part the sound part ought to be fenced and guarded and we must be alwaies doing our endeavor that the said part receive none of the putridness And for this end the above mentioned Defensives of Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata must be administred unto which by reason of the malignity Water Germander may be added and mingled therewith As Take Bole-armenick one ounce Terra sigillata half an ounce Harts-horn burnt and prepared one dram Camphire half a dram Wax six drams Oyl of Roses four ounces Rose Vinegar one ounce the juyce of Water Germander half an ounce the white of one Egg mingle them and make an Vnguent As Take Bole-armenick and Terra sigillata or sealed Earth of Lemnos of each half an ounce Mingle them with Vinegar of Water Germander Gulielmus Fabricius frequently made use of this that followeth Take Barley meal four ounces Bolearmenick two drams Galls Cypress Nuts Pomegranate rinds of each one dram and half with a sufficient quantity of Oxymel simplex make a Cataplasm A Gangrene from overmuch cooling But now that we may come unto the more special Cure we will in the first place declare unto you in what manner the Gangrene that hath its originall from an overgreat cooling ought to he Cured But now that it may be wel known how and in what manner al those are to be dealt withal that have been over cooled whether it be so that the Gangrene be already present and in being or that it be only neer at hand we wil from the very begiâ—â—ing briefly pursue and declare the truth of the thing The Cure of such as are over-cooled If therefore there be any one over cooled yet notwithstanding that as yet there is no Gangrene present neither is the part as yet become wan pale and cold but that there is rather a redness in the part together with a vehement and burning pain then in this case the man is not instantly to be moved neer unto the Fire but he is rather to be placed somewhat more remote from it that so by degrees the heat may recover and recollect it self But if it be so that the part be not altogether stiff and stifled with cold so that there be no longer any blood left therein then it is forthwith to be welchafed and rubbed with Snow or the overcooled members are likewise to be throughly washed with cold water upon which they wil begin by little and little to wax warm and to recover their former heat Which the Inhabitants of the Northern Climates have much in use who are wont when any Travellers are overcold stiff and almost dead therewith first of all to plunge them deep into cold water and before ever they give them any entertainment to wash and rub their Hands Feet Noses and other Members with Snow And that from the inward parts the heat may the more strongly diffuse it self unto the external parts and that all the cold may be expelled it wil be requisite to administer suppings made of Wine and to drink Wine and Treacle mingled together The aforesaid People of the Seprentrional Regions use to give their Guests when they are almost dead with cold Hydromel with the Pouder of Cinamom Cloves and Ginger and the like Spices after which they put them to bed and cause them there to Sweat For which purpose there be some that outwardly apply likewise unto the body Flagons or Stone Pots ful of hot water Afterward when the pain and the coldness are something mitigated gentle rubbings with the hands anoynted with the Oyl of Camomile sweet Almonds and Dil are to be administred and the parts are to be fomented with sweet Milk in the which there may also be boyled the Leaves and Berries of the Lawrel Rosemary Camomile Sage Organy French Lavender and the like The Decoction of Rape roots is likewise singularly useful and commonly unto those members that are pained with overcoldness they use to apply the Decoction of Rape roots that have been first frozen with cold After this we must betake our selves unto those things that are hotter such as the Oyl of Lilies of Turpentine of Wax Nettle seed Cresses But if there be not only a fear of a Gangrene but that there also be one already present and that the Member already begin to die we must then use our utmost endeavor that the heat may be preserved in the part and that from other parts it may be again called back unto it and therefore here is little or no benefit to be expected from Defensives but Scarifications are rather to be administred and the parts to be fomented with those hot Medicaments that were but even now mentioned unto which we may add Scabious water Germander the Root of Asclepias or Swallow-wort and the like Unto the parts there may be administred Treacle Mithridate Trochisques of the Viper the Ley in which Water Germander hath been boyled and Treacle Waters Secondly A Gangrene from the afflux of Malignant humors If the Gangrene hath its original from the afflux of Malignant humors or a malignant quality then by appointing a Cooling and drying Diet and by administring of Meats sauced and seasoned with Citrons Lemmons and Pomegranates and
flesh and any other substance that is lost and perished may readily be restored and made good again and the part restored unto its former Vnion And Pet. Andraeas Matthiolus in his 4. B. upon Dioscorides Chap. 16. saith thus By such potions I have seen healed as wel the Wounds of the Thorax as those of the Intestines which were thought to be mortal and altogether incurable by any help and means whatsoever And this these Medicaments do altogether and without fail perform to wit that they consume the excessive humidity of the blood that is wholly unfit for agglutination that they supply a due and fit matter for the generating of flesh and Thirdly that by their moderate astriction they prevent and hinder the afflux of humors unto the wounded part And Guido of Gauliacum Tr. 3. Doct. 1. Chap. 1. writeth thus in the stile of his Age In Ancient Vlcers saith he in case of any parts Fistulated and Cancerated as also in Blood congealed in the interior parts and in case of Sanies gotten together in the Breast and Intrinsecal Glandules and in Croakings of the Guts I have somtimes used these potions And out of him the very same hath Johannes Tragautius in his 2. B. of Chirurgic Institutions and Johannes Andraeas a Cruce writeth very confidently that in these cases he himself was wont to make use of these potions and most of all in Wounds of a long continuance when they have come to be Fistulated and refractory against all other Remedies And Ludovicus Septalius in the place alleadged writeth thus When we once perceive saith he that great store of excrements are from day to day generated either by reason of Errors committed in point of Dyeâ— or by reason of the overgreat abounding of naughty and vitious Humors in the whol Body or else by reason of somthing amiss and faulty in the Wound the Body being first evacuated and the time of the Inflammation passed over we thought good oftentimes to make use of some vulnerary potten for many daies together until we saw that the matter was wholly consumed Now the simples out of which they are made and prepared are divers Johannes Andraeas a Cruce writeth that there are only four Herbs that may be extolled and commended for this use to wit Ladies Mantle Avens the Herb Periwinkle and the Herb Trinity which is a species of Trifoyl or three Leaf Grass But indeed there arâ— many more Plants in use for the making of these potions to wit The Materials of vulnerary petions The greater and less Consound Sanicle Saracennical consound Agrimony Winter-green Speed-wel Mug-wort Plantane Savine Horse-Tail Adders Tongue five leafed Grass or Cinquefoil wild Tansey Vervein the Red Cabbage Neep or Neppe some calit Cat Mint Golden Rod the lesser Centaury St. Johns-wort Tansey Vipers Bugloss Rupture wort Water Germander Straw Berry Leaves the Roots of Tormentil Pimpernel both the Aristolochies or Birth-worts white Dittany Valerian Bistort Gentian Rubarb Rhapontick the Flowers of Lillies of the Vally of St. Johns-wort and Roses Crabs Eyes Sperma Ceti commonly called Parmacitty the Lentisk Wood Mummy Mace Bole-Armenick Of these there are made divers Compositions but more especially potions and pouders And yet nevertheless in the preparing of these there is in the general to be observed to wit that those Plants which are appropriated unto the wounded part or the parts nigh unto it as for instance in the Wounds of the Head Betony Roses in the Wounds of the Breast Speedwell in the Wounds of the Liver and about the Liver Agrimony in the Wounds of the Reins or about the Reins Straw-berry leaves are to be made choice of Potions Take Red Mug-wort one ounce Leaves of Tree Ivy the Herb Winter-green the greater and less Sanicle Ladies Mantle Saracennical Consound of each one ounce Daisies half an ounce let them be cut smal Vulnerary potions and infused in half a pinte of the best Wine and cleer running Water one pinte and half let them stand in the Balneum shut and close covered by the space of three hours in the heat and then after this let them be taken forth and stand all night in the morning add Sugar four ounces Nutmeg Crabs Eyes Mummy of each two drams and make a potion Or Take Ladies Mantle Sanicle Saracennical Consound wild Ivy red Mug-wort of each one handful pour in unto these four measures of the best Wine boyl them in a close pot over a gentle Fire until the fourth part be consumed and wasted away Or Take Winter-green four handfuls the Leaves of ground Ivy three handfuls the Roots of white Gentian four ounces when you have cut them smal put to them of old stale Beer as much as will suffice let them stand al night and afterwards destil them Or Take Saâ—racennical Consound all of it both Root and Leaves one handful hoyl them in good Wine until a third part be wasted away and give the Patient Morning and Evening a draught of this to drink Or. Take the Herb Tormentil Straw-berry leaves Sanicle Matrisy Iva or Ladies Bedstraw and Winter-green of each one handful boyl them in beer and give it the Patient to drink Or Take Herb Winter green Herb Periwinkle the Herb Bugle Mug-wort Pimpernel and Agrimony of each two handfuls boyl them in Wine unto the one half and give the wounded person a draught of this Mornings and Evenings Or Take the Lentisk Wood and Oake Missletoe of each two ounces the Roots of Consound Aristolochy Centaury Valerian Madder Tormentil and Bistort of each half an ounce Common Water Chalibeated that is to say wherein steel hath been often quenched six quarts mingle them and make an Infusion according to Art for twenty four hours and afterwards let them boyl in a double Vessel until the one half be wasted and when in the boyling it is come to the third part then add of Parsley Roots the tops of the Bramble Bush Hemp Mous-Ear Herb Trinity a species of Trifoyl or three leaved Grass Herb Climer or Periwinkle Horse-Tayl Straw-berry leaves Flowers of Valley Lillies of each half a handful Rhapontick two drams Cinnamom half an ounce but in the end of the Decoction add of Aromatick Wine three pints and then having pressed forth the liquor and strained it with Sugar make a sweet and pleasant drink Or Take Quajacum Wood prepared four ounces the Rinds of the same Wood and Sarsaparilla of each two ounces Citrine-Saunders and Tormentil Root Bistort Root Valerian Root white Dittany Root and Consound Root of each half an ounce Common spring Water two Gallons mingle them and make an Infusion according to Art for twenty fours hours after this let them boyl in a double Vessel unto the consumption of the third part and then add of Horsetayl Betony Mousear Cretan Dittany Wintergreen Wild Tansey topps of the Bramble bush herb trinity and Strawberry leaves of each half a handful Cinnamom half an ounce let them boyl together until there remain three Quarts and
now although al Diaphoretick Medicaments are in their own Nature hot and that they acquire this faculty from a certain due proportion observed in their mixture yet notwithstanding among them some are stronger some weaker Those of the milder sort are Chamomel Melilot the Roots of Marsh-mallows the Roots of white Lillies and of Fenugreek the flour or meal of Lupines of Orobus or bitter Vetch and of Cicers or Chiches leavened Bread Goose fat old Oyl The stronger of them are Dill Organy Thyme Pennyroyal Hysop Calamint Horehound Orace roots Rue Sage Annis seed Fennel seed Caraway seed flowers of the Elder Tree Ammoniack Bdellium Galbanum Buls fat Bears grease Oyl of Rue and Laurel And those most of al forcible are Nitre and the froth thereof Sulphur or Brimstone Lime and the like We make use of the milder sort when the matter is in a place not very deep when the part affected and the body it self is more soft and relaxed and the Inflammation but smal and inconsiderable But if the Inflammation be greater and the matter scituate more deep than ordinary the body it self more hard and condensed in this case the stronger Medicaments are to be administred Notwithstanding we ought to use the stronger Discussives with due caution lest that by them the thinner parts of the Humors being discussed and resolved and the thicker parts left remaining behind the Tumor should be hardened and the Malady rendered incurable which wil most commodiously be prevented if together with such things as forcibly discuss we likewise mingle those things that moisten and mollifie We ought in like manner to be very cautious that the Discussives be not over tart and biting lest that by their biting property they the more excite pain and augment the fluxion Now out of that before recited Medicamental matter there are divers kinds and forms In the end of the beginning of the Inflammation and likewise in the augmentation such like Remedies as these that follow are of singular use Take Barley Meal two ounces What is to be done in the encrease or augmentation of an inflammation Linsed one ounce the Pouder of Camomile flowers half an ounce boyl them in Vinegar then add of Oyl of Roses and Camomile and the fat of an Hen of each alike as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm Or otherwise Take Pellitory of the wall Mallows Plantane of each one good handful boyl them in Water with the which let there be a very smal quantity of Vinegar wel mingled together and so let them be bruised into smal pieces after they are thus brayed add of Barley meal two ounces Fenugreek seed an ounce and half Oyl of Roses and Camomile of each as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm A most excellent and useful Cataplasm to prevent Inflammations in Wounds and in other cases Viz. Take the pouder of Camomile flowers of red Roses of Wormwood and Barley meal a like quantity of them al boyl them in pure clear Water and make a Cataplasm Or Take the pouder of Camomile flowers red Roses Wormwood Barley Meal of each three ounces Decoct them in common Water then add Oyl of Roses one ounce and half and make a Cataplasm In the state or perfection What in the state or perfection of it such like as these that follow may be administred Take Camomile Flowers and Melilot Flowers the Leaves of Mallows of each half a handful red Roses two large handfuls boyl them in austere or sharp Wine and then add of Fenugreek meal one ounce Oyl of Camomile a sufficient quantity and make thereof a Cataplasm Or Take the Roots of white Lillies one ounce the flowers of Camomile and Melilot of each one good handful red Roses and the tops of Dill of each half a handful boyl them in simple common Water and let them be bruised very smal then let there be added of the Meal of Millet seed Fenugreek Meal and Barley Meal of each an ounce Saffron half a dram Oyl of Camomil as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm Or Take the Pith of wheaten Bread six ounces boyl it in common Water and after this let it be strewed with the Pouder of Camomile flowers and Melilot flowers of each half an ounce red Roses two drams Saffron half a dram and so make a Cataplasm And what in its declination Lastly In the declination such like Remedies are to be put in practice Viz. Take Marsh-mallow Root one ounce the leaves of Mallows Organy the flowers of Camomil and Melilot of each half an handful Lin-seed Fenugreek seed and Dill seed of each alike two drams Decoct them in a sufficient quantity of Water and make a fomentation to be applied warm with a Spunge Or Take the Pouder of Camomil Flowers of Elder and Melilot flowers of each of these half an ounce Dill seed two drams the Meal of Lin-seed Fenugreek and Beans of each one ounce Oyl of Dill and Camomile of each alike as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm This moreover as touching Digestives is to be taken notice of to wit That if the matter be grosser and thicker than ordinary insomuch that Digestives cannot satisfie the expectation by doing their office we must then do our endeavor that the matter may be rendered fit for Discussion and transpiration by sweat and this may conveniently and securely be done by mollifying Remedies And therefore in such a case as before we likewise hinted unto you we ought not only to abstain from those Medicaments that over-heat and dry since that they discuss wast and consume the humidity that is in the Tumor and harden the matter and so cause the Malady to become altogether incurable but we ought likewise to administer mollifying and loosening Remedies such as do moderately heat and withal do not excessively dry but rather moisten which kind of Medicaments you may before find enumerated and reckoned up among the Digestives themselves such as is Hens fat Goose fat the Roots of Marsh-mallows and white Lillies Mallows Lin-seed Fenugreek Bdellium Ammoniacum and such like al which are most fitly and conveniently administred when the matter is thicker than usual as we shal further shew you in its proper place when we come to speak of Emollients or Mollifiers And in this manner the matter contained in an Inflammation is to be removed by insensible transpiration But we have acquainted you that this matter is sensibly and perspicuously poured forth either by scarification or by opening of the part after that the Pus or purulent matter is generated As for what concerneth Scarification that it ought to be administred Galen gives us his judgment cleerly for it whilst that in his ninety fifth Chapter of the Method of Physick he thus writes But thou shalt more especially evacuate saith he both by the useful assistance of scarification and by the help of Medicaments that have in them a power and faculty to dissolve in case thou observe any thing to
cleansing it is to be filled up joyned together and at length with a Cicatrice to be shut up But touching the cure of a Carbuncle see more in the fourth Book of Feavers and the fourth Chapter Chap. 14. Of the Tumor Paronychia UNto Inflammations there also belongeth that Tumor that the Greeks call Paronychia because that it is generated in the Confines or sides of the Fingers the Latines term it Panaritium the Germans Der Wurm Oder Das Vngenandte For the Vulgar are of Opinion that in this Tumor there lieth hid a Worm that by gnawing exciteth and causeth those so great pains and that when it is mentioned and spoken of it is thereby exasperated and that therefore it ought not to be so much at named but these things are meerly fabulous What a Paronychia is Now a Paronychia is a hot Tumor or Swelling arising from blood adust and atrabiliary in the extream part of the Fingers at the sides of the Nails and by reason of the neighborhood of the Nerves exciting most grievous and intollerable pains The Causes For this Tumor hath its original from adust and for the most part likewise malignant blood which Nature thrusteth forth unto the Fingers ends and there it causeth an Inflammation The Signs Diagnostick It is known by the Swelling Redness and pain appearing in the Fingers ends about the Nails together with a most extream and intense pain by reason that the neeâ— adjoyning Nervous parts are affected which wil not permit the sick Person to sleep or take any rest neither night nor day and this pain in regard of the Nerves consent is oftentimes extended throughout the whol Arm and it hath to accompany it a continuall Feaver and somtimes by reason of the over-great pain a Lipothymy which we term fainting or swounding Prognosticks 1. According to the benignity and inoffensiveness of the humor the malady is somtimes more mild and tollerable and somtimes again more grievous and intollerable For if the matter be benign or moderate and favorable the symptoms are then the less vehement 2. On the contrary if the Matter be Malignant the Malady is dangerous for it oftentimes so corrupteth the Ligaments and the neighboring Nerves that the utmost Joynt together with the Bone Impostumateth and somtimes the whole Finger is corrupted The Cure The Vulgar as they have superstitious Opinions touching the Cause so they have likewise concerning the Cure of this Tumor For they think that if any one thus affected shall in the Spring time wash and besmear his hands with the Eggs otherwise called the seed or Sperm of Frogs shal then suffer them to dry leisurely of their own accord and shal afterward hold in this Hand that Finger that is grieved with this Inflammation he shal by this means asswage and qualifie the said Inflammation And some there be also that every yeer hold in their hand a live Mole and then having conceived and mumbled over a certain form of words with squeezing hard they kill the Mole they have in their hand and then they brag and boast that for the yeer following they are able to kil and destroy all those Worms But to omit these sopperies the right and due way of Cuâ—ing this Evil is then taken when after the general evacuation of the humors by Blood-letting and Purgation hath been premised in the first place we impose upon the part affected those things that moderate the pain and mitigate the servent heat of the humors and such Medicaments likewise as help forward and further suppuration But Repelling and Astringent Remedies are by no means to be imposed upon the grieved part lest that by this means the humor should be the more impacted into the part the pain augmented and the Nerves and Bone corrupted If yet notwithstanding the Asslux be over great then let Repellers be laid on very nigh unto the part next above it And therefore in the very beginning the following Cataplasm is to be imposed Take Barley meal and Bean meal of each one ounce Camphire one scruple the Mucilage of the seed of Fleabane as much as will suffice Mingle all these with Vinegar over the sire and so make a Cataplams Oâ— Take the juyce of Nightshade of Plantane of Navelwort of each half an ounce the Mucilage of Fleabane seed extracted with the Water of Nightshade three drams Bole armenick half a dram Camphire five grains Oyl of Roses and Myrtle of each half an ounce Mingle them c. Or Take the Mucilage of Fleabane seed extracted with the juyce or water of Plantane two ounces Bole armenick one dram Vinegar half an ounce Mingle them c. Or else let the white of an Egg mingled with the Oyl of Violets be imposed There are likewise commended those little Worms that are found in the middle of the utmost â—ind of the Teazel or Fullers Thistle if while they are alive they be bound about the Nails affected Where the matter tendeth to Suppuration Take the Meal of Fenugreek seed and Linseed of each half an ounce the Yelk of one Egg fresh Butter one ounce the fat of a Hen three drams Mingle them without sire and make an Vnguent Or Take the Mucilage of the juyce of Fleabane one ounce the meal of Linseed and Fenugreek of each three drams the Yelk of an Egg Saffron one scruple the fat of a Hen and Butter unsalted of each one ounce Mingle them and make a Cataplasm When the Pus is bred the Impostume is forthwith to be opened and the Pus or Snot-like filth being seldom good but rotten and corrupt is to be drawn forth The Pus being thus evacuated such a like Abstersive and Incarnative is then to be made use of Take Aloes Hepatick three drams Myrrh Frankincense Sarcocol of each one dram pure and cleer Turpentine half an ounce Honey of Roses two drams Mingle them c. Gulielmus Fabricius in the first Century of his Chirurgical Observations Observ 97. doth not stay to wait for the Inflammation or for any notable swelling up and suppuration but in a Woman that was afflicted with a most grievous pain in the end of her finger together with a Feaver a fainting and swounding a nauseousness and vomiting and other symptoms he thus ordaineth his Cure He first of al a little fomenteth the finger with Cows Milk in which Camomil flowers Melilot flowers the seeds of Fenugreek and Quinces were first boyled And then by little and little he dissected the superficies of the Skin The Skin being shaven away there appeared smal red spots which being cut with the edg of a knife he findeth under the Skin a drop or two of red Water That being evacuated he applied a Linen Cloth dipt and moistened in Aqua vitae in which there was dissolved a little Treacle By thus doing he soon qualified and quite took away the pain and by this one only Remedy the very next day the finder was healed And likewise in another Matron that for three
provoked and stirred up both for the repairing of the clour and the pouring in of blood And to tel you the truth in what place soever there is such an effusion of Blood it may in general be called Ecchymosis yet notwithstanding Paulus Aegineta in his fourth Book Chap. 30 according to the diversity of the parts affected reckoneth up three kinds or species all which may be called by their several distinct and peculiar names The first is those which we call Hypopia and by Hippocrates named Hypophthalmia that is Subocularia to wit palenesses or wannesses under the Eyes Now it is termed Hypopion from Ops that is the Eye because it appeareth under the Eyes and it is an Affect differing from that we call Hypopyon the difference lying in this that the former is written by ω and ι the latter by ο and Ï… from Pus which the Greeks call Pyon because it is a collection of Pus or purulent matter under the Cornea Tunicle The second Species is Hyposphagma which some in special term Suggillatio to wit an effusion of blood into the Adnata or Cornea both of them Tunicles of the Eye touching which we have already spoken in the first Book of our Practice Part 1. Sect. 2. Chap. 32. The third Species is that which is caused by the Contusion or bruising of the Nails this Species Hippocrates calleth Hyponychos and the Latine Authors term it Subungulus in regard that it is an Affect under the Nails Contusion Somtimes with Ecchymosis there is likewise conjoyned a Contusion yea and somtimes also there is so great an abundance of Blood poured forth that it being collected under the Skin and the Muscles it there causeth a certain hollowness and lifteth up the part into a Tumor or Swelling There is also somtimes according to the Nature of the part conjoyned therewith a pain from whence it happeneth that more blood floweth thereto and by this means an Inflammation yea and sometimes likewise at the length a Gangrene is excited There is to bâ—â—â— a notable History of this in Johannes Philippus Ingrassias in his Jatropologia When in the yeer 1537. in an Hippomachie or Tilting as we call it the Marquess of Terra Nova ran with the Baron of Volaterran it so chanced that the armed Knee of the Marquess by reason of the Fury and extraordinary fierceness of their Horses gave so great a blow upon the bare and unarmed Leg of the Baron that the Contusion or bruise that followed thereupon was so great and grievous that the Baron died thereof four daies after By reason of this his so sudden and unexpected death the Physitians were question'd and called to an account for that they had not rightly and as was fitting managed the Cure In whose behalf and defence Johannes Philippus Ingrassias wrote those two Books of Apology under the name and Title of Jatropologia There is likewise extant in Gulielmus Fabricius Cent. 2. Observat 83. another History which you may there see shewing how dangerous Contusions may be The Signs Suffusions and these Suggillations are easily known For the very colour it self and the Swelling if at least there be any fal under the sense and are apparently to be seen The Causes are known by those things that went before and such as are likewise present For if any external Cause went before as a Blow a Fall and the like the Physitian may understand it from the relation of the Patient But if none of these shall happen we are then to consider the Blood in the Body and well to weigh by what means it becometh thus peccant and offensive Prognosticks 1. Although in truth these Ecchymomata are for the most part void of all danger and the blood that is yet thin may easily be dispersed yet if this be not done and that the blood be deteined any thing long in the part affected out of its own Vessels it then may prove to be of dangerous Consequence in regard that by this means there may be excited both a Corruption of that very part that is affected and likewise a damage and detriment unto the whol Body For the Blood being clotted together unless it be forthwith insensibly discussed or turned into Pus which is necessarily done where the Flesh is withall greatly bruised so that hence the part yet continueth soft it putrefieth and corrupteth and breedeth a Gangrene and very frequently bringeth Death and Destruction upon the sick Person 2. But there is great danger threatned and nigh at hand when the part affected continueth not any longer green or wan but inflamed and becometh very red hard and distended Of which we related that former notable History out of Ingrassias The Cure As for what therefore concerneth the Cure we wil first of all treat of the Cure of that Ecchymoma that followeth upon a Contusion For even this also very often happeneth and whoever he be that knoweth the Cure of this he shal have a sufficient store of Medicaments with which he may cure the rest since that the discussing Medicaments that are here to be drunk have their place likewise in the other First of al therefore if the contusion be great we must use the best of our â—kil and care to prevent and hinder the afflux of blood unto the place lest that thereby an Inflammation should be excited This is to be done by Venesection for which cause Galen commands That in a fal from on high and in beatings and bruisings a vein be opened and that although the blood doth not greatly abound yet that by opening a Vein it be drawn forth lest that an Inflammation should be excited from whence not only evil symptoms but oftentimes also even death it self hath its original And the truth is this Venesection is forthwith to be ordained and put in practise withal at the same time Defensives and Repellers are likewise to be placed neer about the part that may impede and prevent the influx of blood into the part affected such as are made up of Bole-armenick Terra sigillata or Sealed Earth of Lemnos Dragons blood Roses Myrtles the Nuts of the Cypress Tree Galls Pomegranate flowers Roots of the lesser Consound and the like As for instance Take Bole armenick Terra sigillat of each an ounce and half Chalk half an ounce let them boyl in Vinegar after they be boyled Take Pouder of red Roses the pure sine flour of the Root Consolida or Consound of each half an ounce and with the Oyl of Myrtles make a Cataplasm Or only which is likewise in common use the white of an Egg shaken together with Rose water and with burds or the courser part of flax applied unto the place affected Or Take the white of four Eggs the Oyl of Myrtle and Roses of each one ounce Bole armenick Dragons blood of each half an ounce Cypress Nut two drams a little Vinegar Mingle them c. And this is also here to be taken notice of that there be not many
a Liniment or an Vnguent with a sufficient quantity of Wax If there be any particular Contusion such a like Liniment may at the first be administred Take Oyl of Roses of Myrtles of Camomil of each one ounce the white of one Egg the pouder of Myrtles and Roses of each two drams mingle c. After this on the third day let the part affected be fomented with the Decoction of Camomile Wormwood and Cummin The next following Liniment may likewise be administred But now in the curing of the Suggillation the most efficacious Remedy is the Root of the Herb Sigillum Solomonis or Solomons Seal which either new gathered or else in the Winter season macerated in Wine and bruised and then applied in the form of a Cataplasm oftentimes in one only night wholly taketh away the Suggillation so that the Native heat returneth unto the part affected Or Take the Roots of both the Consounds of each three ounces Camomil and Melilot flowers of each two smal handfuls the meal of Barley Fenugreek and Beans of each one ounce the pouder of Wormwood half an ounce Cummin seed one dram Saffron half a scruple Mingle them and make a Decoction for a Cataplasm There is likewise commended a musty or mouldy Nut bruised Reddish Seed with dried Figgs Mustard Seed with Vinegar Rue with Honey Or Take the Root of Wake-Robin or Cuckowpint while it is green an ounce and half Solomons Seal four ounces these Roots being shred smal pour upon them the water of Elder flowers white Lillies and Bean flowers of each four ounces Wine Vinegar two ounces Alom six drams one Gall of a Bull let them stand and digest for the space of eight daies and every day during that time let them be well shaken together In this Water let Linen Cloaths be well soaked and so applied unto the part affected Or Take Pigeons Blood Cummin Camomile of each one dram the meal of Fenugreek half a dram Celtick Spikenard one scruple Malmsey as much as is sufficient make a Liniment In special in a Swelling especially if there be a Leaden and wan colour after Venesection there may be fitly applied the Oyl of Rue and the Leaves of common Rue boyled in common Oyl imposed upon the place affected But if the Malady be not remedied by these medicaments neither the blood that is shed forth without the Vessels may by them be dispersed then if the place wil bear it Cupping-glasses are to be administred which are the most effectual Remedy for the extracting of whatsoever is conteined in a deep place and moreover if need require Scarifications are also to be made use of that some of the Blood may manifestly be evacuated and emptied forth But now if by all these there cannot be made that Resolution of the Blood that ought to be and withal if there be present any tokens and signs of a suppuration as for example if the place swel up a little and appear soft to the touch if there be a certain bearing pain and a redness begin to appear round about then the suppuration in the common and received Opinion and Judgment of Chirurgeons is to be holpen on and by all means to be furthered The Suppuration being thus finished and wrought the Ulcer is then to be purged and cleansed filled up with Flesh and at length closed up with a Cicatrice Yet notwithstanding in the use of these suppuratives great caution is to be had and of these only such as are gentle mild and moderate are to be administred For if there be any error committed in the use of these and that we be not extraordinary carefull in this point there may easily be excited in the part a sordid and filthy Ulcer and a putridness withal When therfore some of the latter Chirurgeons those of our time wel consider the Premises and what we have said they advise that when we perceive that the Contusion is converted and turn'd into an Impostume a perfect suppuration is not then to be expected For if the Pus or purulent matter that is generated from the congealed and clotted blood be any long time detained and kept in the place affected it may then excite and cause many evils as Feavers pains and an extraordinary putridness and may likewise corrupt the neer neighboring parts the Nerves and the Bones whereupon afterward Ulcers of dangerous consequence and Fistulaes also even from hence oftentimes take their Original Neither likewise do these admit of any Emollient and suppurating Emplasters and Cataplasms in regard that by these a putridness and those other evils and mischiefs that are wont from thence to arise may easily be excited in the part But they counsel and advise us rather that such a place wherein there is contained any clotted blood which now exciteth the Apostem be forthwith opened with a Pen-knife and that in the Wound made by Incision there be conveyed in a Tent anointed with Unguent Aegyptiack and that the whol place be wel senced and covered with some fit and convenient Emplaster that may preserve the Native heat thereof and defend it from putridness And this they conceive is more especially to be observed if the contusion be made in the Sides the Belly or the Back For then there is diligent heed to be taken whether or no on the third fourth or fifth day in that place wherein the Contusion or bruising happened there arise any Swelling with a pain and thenceforth from day to day encrease and whether or no there be a beating pain excited and that the sick Person cannot wel endure that the said place be touched and whether there be another kind of redness appearing in the Circumference and whether the breathing be difficult and some kind of preternatural heat discovering it self in the Body For wherever these things appear albeit there be appearing no wanness or Leaden colour in the external parts it is a sign and token that the Pus or corrupt filth is gotten together and that the Impostume is excited Whereupon lest that the Pus convert it self unto the more inward parts and there raise as it were Conny-burrows for so they term them and gnawing assunder eat through the more inward parts and so by this means hasten upon the sick Party a sudden Death or long continuing Diseases the the place is speedily to be opened for the place being thus opened the Pus very easily issueth forth Let the Wound be afterward handled and ordered as we said before and herein we must not neglect or omit Venesection and Vulnerary Potions but they conceive that there is scarcely any or at least very little benefit arising and accrewing to the Patient from Emollients and Suppuratives But if the Contusion be great or that any error hath been committed in the Cure or that the place begin to look black ahd blewish and to be mortified by reason of the suffocation of the Native heat so that a Gangrene and Mortification be feared as like to ensue then
flegm softeneth and looseneth the part and is more thick than ordinary and therefore the more unfit for motion It is either altogether without pain or certainly if there be any it is very little and scarcely sensible For the flegm looseneth the part neither doth it by dissolving unity excite any pain The colour is somwhat white there is an absence of al heat neither is there in this as in other Tumors perceived any kind of pulsation or beating By which said signs it is easie to discern an Oedema from other Tumors Prognosticks 1. Oedema in it self is a disease of no danger for neither is the disease it self great neither is the cause thereof of a dangerous consequence nor is there any il Symptom therewithal conjoyned And if there be as indeed there often is any danger unto such as are affected with this Oedema as it hapneth in the Phthisis Cachexy and the Dropsie this chanceth not by reason of the Oedema but from those Diseases that the Oedema followeth Whereupon we ought to distinguish whether the Oedema arise of it self or else whether it follow upon other Diseases since that the Oedema that followeth after the more noted and considerable faults of the parts designed for Nutrition wanteth not for danger For although it be true that oftentimes without any danger the Feet swel after Diseases of long continuance from crudities collected by the disease yet notwithstanding if such like Oedema's shall happen from a Refrigeration or by reason of any other fault to the Liver they are then dangerous and threaten death by reason of those causes upon which they depend But if there be no such thing joyned together with the Oedema then there is no danger at al to be feared 2. But yet although Oedema be a disease without any danger yet notwithstanding it is of a long continuance for the matter is colder and therefore is cannot be overcome but in a longer time 3. But yet it is terminated by a Resolution unless which sometimes happeneth the matter be hardened The Cure As touching the Cure we must first of al consider as was said before whether the Oedema follow any other Disease of the more noble parts For if this shal happen out care ought especially to be that the Disease upon which it depends be taken away since that unless this be taken away it cannot be cured and that if this primary Disease be removed it then vanisheth of its own accord If yet notwithstanding the Oedema bring along with it any trouble and that it prove hard to be cured it wil not be amiss then to rub the part wel with Oyl mingled with Salt or to foment it with a Spunge soaked in Wine in which Wormwood hath been boyled But if the Oedema arise without any other Disease then in the first place the cause from which the matter is supplied is to be removed and taken away And therefore in the very first beginning the course of Diet that is to be ordained must be such that in the least tendeth not to the generating and breeding of flegm but rather such as wasteth and destroyeth it And therefore let the Air in which the sick person abideth be dry and likewise let the meat and drink that he lives upon have a power and quality of attenuating and drying Let the sick party therefore be very sparing and temperate in meat and drink that so the Natural heat be not oppressed and overwhelmed and so by the weakening of it Grudities be generated but that the said heat may rather wast and consume those crudities and the more fitly and effectually work upon them Let his Bread be wel baked and leavened and let him altogether abstain from bread unleavened and let him but seldom eat either Pot-herbs or Broths Fish is altogether unfit for him unless it be fresh River fish and of them such as are of a more solid substance and these likewise even as al other his food are to be seasoned and sauced with Spices and drying herbs Al endeavor must be used that the Belly may dayly discharge its office which if of it self it cannot do it wil then be requisite that before his meals he take some Aloes which looseneth the Belly and consumeth and drieth up the superabundant humidity Before meals if it may be done without any offence and prejudice unto the part affected let the sick person exercise himself that so the superfluous moisture may be consumed and the Native heat excited and stirred up and to conclude let him sleep only in the night and let his sleep then likewise be but short Secondly In an Oedema properly so called Venesection hath no place at al for here the blood is no waies peccant but only the flegm but the cold and crude humors in the body are to be concocted and evacuated And first of al the matter is to be digested concocted by Medicaments that heat and dry such as are elsewhere often propounded in the preparation of the flegmy humor of which a certain Hydromel or Oxymel may most fitly be compounded But yet notwithstanding if the humor be only wheyish there is then no need at al of concoction Afterward the matter is to be evacuated by Medicaments that draw forth the flegm which are elsewhere propounded As for what concerns the part it self that is affected the pituitous or flegmy humour which hath flown together into it ought to be evacuated and this may be done by Repellers and Digestives or those things that discuss and scatter But if Repellers be made use of they are to be administred not so much to drive back the humor as to confirm and strengthen the part and to dry up and consume the maâ—ter unto which likewise there may not unfitly be added some of those Remedies that have in them a power and virtue to discuss To this end and purpose Galen maketh use of a new Spunge or if a new one may not be had than any other throughly wet and soaked in Nitre and Ley and Posca that is a mixture of Vinegar and Water There may likewise be used the courser part of Hemp which we cal Hurds instead of the Spunge Which said Medicament if it accomplish not our desire the quantity of the Vinegar may then be augmented and a little Alum therewith mingled And if neither this effect our purpose nor satisfie our expectation we ought then to betake our selves unto those that are stronger and more forcible As Take Flowers of red Roses Camomile the Leaves of Myrtle and of Wormwood of each half an handful Pomegranate Flowers and the Cypress Nut of each one handful Alum and common Salt of each one ounce and half boyl them in Vinegar and Water or in Ley and so apply it with a Spunge a Linen Cloth or Hurds Or else Take the Leaves of the Sallow Tree Myrtle Wormwood the Flowers of Camomile and of St. Johns-wort of each half a handful let them be all boyled in Ley until all
the Ley be consumed afterward let them be wel pounded and bruised and then add the Oyl of Myrtle of Roses and of Wormwood of each one ounce Salt half a handful Nitre one ounce make a Cataplasm Or Take Cypress Nuts Pomegranate Flowers of each half a handfull Flowers of Camomile and red Roses and the Leaves of Wormwood of each half a handful the meal of Barley and Lupines of each half an ounce Alum three drams Aloes and Myrtle of each one dram Saffron one scruple boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water and Vinegar and make a Cataplasm Afterward in the state we are to proceed unto those things that discuss and dry much For this purpose there is commended the Water of Lime or a Ley of the Vine ashes applied with a Spunge Or Take Marshmallow Roots one handful the Flowers of Camomile and Melilote of each half a handfull boyl them in Wine and Vinegar adding afterwards of Hoggs Fat two ounces old Oyl half an ounce the Spume or Froth of Silver one ounce Mingle them and make a Cataplasm That Medicament is also very efficacious that is made of Rue Honey and Salt Or Take Sulphur one ounce Pigeons Dung ten drams Bean meal one ounce and half the meal of Lupines one ounce Honey one ounce and half and so make a Cataplasm with the Decoction of Camomile flowers Or Take Sulphur Myrrh Salt of each one ounce old Oyl and Vinegar of each as much as will suffice and make a Liniment Or Take Bryony roots two ounces Wormwood Bearfoots Camomile Melilote of each half a handful boyl them in Water of Honey and being wel bruised searced add to them the powder of red Roses the Meal of Beans and Lupines of each half an ounce old Oyl as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm Or Take the Root of Asphodil and the wild Cucumber white Lilly roots and Flowers of Camomile of each one handful boyl them untill they be soft and then add of Leaven Tartar washed or slaked Lime and Sulphur of each an ounce Frankincense six drams the Fat of a Hart the Marrow of the Thigh-bones of Oxen of each ten drams make a Cataplasm There is likewise commended Ox dung or Cow dung for it both mollifieth and resolveth of which with Sulphur Frankincense Honey Vinegar and the Broth of a Cabbage or Colwort there may be made a Cataplasm In the applying of all which Medicaments it is requisite that we observe that before ever the Emplasters or Unguents and Liniments be applied the part be first made hot by frictions or rubbings and fomentations for otherwise the Medicâ—ments will not easily effect and accomplish our desire and expectation by reason of the coldness of the part The frictions may be made with hot Linen Cloaths the fomentations may be of the Decoction of Camomile flowers and Melilote flowers and of the Leaves of Betony Sage Rosemary Lavender Organy Wormwood and the like For by the said fomentations and frictions the heat together with the blood is called back unto the part and the excrements and superfluous humors are somwhat dispersed and scattered But if it be so that the Oedema seem to wax hard and to pass into a Scirrhus then we are likewise together with the former to make use of Emollients or mollifying Medicaments And for this use and purpose there is to be applied Vinegar in which the Lapis Pyrites we commonly call it the Fire-stone or a piece of Mill-stone taken red hot out of the Fire hath been quenched and after this the part is to be anoynted with old Oyl in the which the Root of the Wild Cucumber and Marshmallow Roots have been boyled Or Take the Mucilage of Marshmallow roots Linseed Fenugreek Goose fat the Marrow of a Leg of Veal the Flower-de-luce root Camomile flowers of each two ounces Styrax liquid Mirrh Frankincense and oyl of Camomile of each one ounce Wax as much as wil serve the turn and so make an Emplaster But touching these Remedies we shall speak further when we come to treat of a Scirrhus And although indeed it be true that the Oedema is most frequently discussed and dispersed by Resolution yet somtimes notwithstanding as is apparent out of Hippocrates in his Book of Prognosticks Text 27. it cometh to a suppuration but this is but seldom to wit if it be in a place somwhat hotter than ordinary or else that any other humor be therewith mingled as it happeneth in the Oedema Phlegmonodes and this if it happen there is then perceived in the next adjoyning part both a pain and a pulsation or beating And therefore at such a time the Suppuration is to be furthered and hastened on by those Medicaments that we call Emplastick such as are Diachilon simplex and other Remedies made of the Roots of Marshmallows the common Mallows Linseed Fenugreek with the Fat of a Hen or such like As for example Take Bearfoot Marshmallows the Roots of white Lillies of each one handful boyl them and when they are sufficiently bruised add to them the meal of Linseed and Fenugreek of each two ounces Hogs Grease and Hens fat of each three ounces Saffron half a dram and thereof make a Cataplasm The matter being concocted and suppurated we are not to expect a spontaneous or self-effecting Cure in regard it wil be a long time ere it come to this Wherefore let the place be opened either with the Instrument for that purpose or else with a potential Cautery and afterward let the Impostume be throughly cleansed and purged with Turpentine Frankincense Honey the Juyce of Wormwood and Honey of Roses furthermore let the Cavity or hollowness be filled up with the Unguent Basilicon the Unguent Aureum the Unguent of Betony and such like and at length let there be a Cicatrice drawn over it Chap. 19. Of a Scirrhus HAving treated of those Tumors that arise from the Blood Choler and Flegm and it now remaining that we handle those Tumors that arise from Melancholly and black Choler and it being so that a Scirrhus to speak the truth ariseth from both Melancholly and Flegm the next thing therefore that we have to do is to treat of the Scirrhus Now then a Scirrhus is a hard Tumor without any sense or pain or if there be any it is certainly but very little arising from a thick humor that is Viscid Clammy and Cold such as it the melancholly humor and flegm fixed and fastened in the parts For there are two humors to wit Melancholly and Flegm out of which either singly and severally or else mingled together the Scirrhus ariseth as they commonly determine Now here in this place by Melancholly we are to understand not that black humor which ariseth either from the Natural and adust Melancholly humor or else from yellow Choler adust but here we are to understand that Melancholly that is Natural and properly called the Melancholly humor to wit the thick and more feculent or dreggy part of the Blood
now those Humors are called forth unto the Skin when any one having been in the cold suddenly approacheth neer unto the fire or else betaketh himself to a hot Bath and so on the contrary when after heat the pores of the Skin shal be altogether close shut up by the external cold The Signs Diagnostick The little Bladders that resemble those that are raised by the fire or scalding hot water do suddenly break forth and when they are broken there issueth forth by little and little a yellowish humor the Crusts thereof wax hard and then they fal off By reason of the acrimony and fervent heat of the humor they excite an itching in the Skin Prognosticks 1. Phlyctaenae as Aetius tels us Tetrab 4. Serm. 2. Chap. 63. abide and continue somtimes for two or three daies 2. Phlyctaenae if they be not wel and rightly cured they now and then degenerate into an Herpes The Cure If such like vitious humors abound in the body then in the first place such a kind and course of Diet is to be prescribed thai wil not encrease those like Humors but such as may rather correct that Cacochymy And moreover the said vitious Humors are by convenient Medicaments to be evacuated Now as for Topicks let the Phlyctaenae first be fomented with the Decoction of Lentils Myrtle and Pomegranate Rinds Or Take the Mucilage of Fleabans or Fleawort seed Rose water extract six ounces the Juyce of Purslane and Nightshade of each two ounces mingle them and let the place affected be anointed therewith If they breâ—k not of their own accord and thereupon cause a grievous pain they are then to be pâ—â—ckt and pierced through with a needle and the Pustules are to be hard squeezed and upon the Ulcer lay this following Cataplasm Take Barley Meal the Meal of Lentils and of Beans the pouder of Pomegranate Rinds of each an ounce with a sufficient quantity of the Oyl of Roses make a Cataplasm Or Take the Leaves of Plantane Mallows Myrtle of each one handful boyl them to a softness and pass them through a hair sieve then add unto them Barley Meal the Meal of Lentiles and crums of white Bread of each as much as will suffice and make a Cataplasm Or else let a Liniment made of Swines Fat with the Spume or Froth of Silver in a Leaden Mortar he laid on Or Take Juyce of the Root of sowr Sorrel and Scabious of each two ounces Oyl of Roses four ounces the Fat of an old Hog six ounces boyl them until the Juyces be consumed and afterwards add Litharge of Gold one ounce live Sulphur six drams Turpentine half an ounce stir them wel together in a Leaden Mortar and 〈◊〉 a Liniment Or â—â—ke L tharge live Sulphur Myrtle Pouder 〈◊〉 one ounce stir them wel together with 〈◊〉 â—ar in a Leadâ—n Mortar and adding thereâ—â— a â—â—fficient quantity of the Oyl of Roses make â—â—Vnguent See more of this in Aetius Tetrab 1. Serm. 4. Chap. 21. Chap. 23. Of Vari or Pimples VAri are Tubercles or little Swellings somwhat neer of kin unto Psydracia by the Greeks called Jonthoi because that like unto Dung they are the defilement and the disgrace of the Countenance by fouling and disfiguring of the Face Galen in his second Book of the Method of Physick Chap. 2. reckons up these among those names that neither represent the place affected neither the cause that produceth them They are likewise by some named Acne or Acna as Aetius tels us Tetrab 2. Serm. 4. Chap 13. Although Hermolaus in his Gloss upon Pliny reads the word Acmas as if this kind of Affect were commonly so termed by the Greeks in regard that it is wont to seize upon those that are of ripe and ful age Celsus in his fifth Book Chap. 6. writeth thus It is almost but a meer folly saith he to attempt the curing of these Vari or Specks and Pimples in the Face or the little Pushes and heat-wheals of the same But Vari and Lenticuâ—ae or Pimples are very wel and commonly known and yet notwithstanding you cannot possibly take from Women the care they take in tricking themselves up and especially in trimming their Faces In Galens Opinion as we have it in his fifth Book of the Composition of Medicaments according to the place Chap. 3. and in his Book of making those Remedies that may be provided Chap. 51. Jonthos is an hard and little swelling in the Skin of the Face raised from a thick Juyce that is there gotten together The which in regard that it is altogether void of the wheyish moisture it is therefore not at al itching neither doth it require or stand in any need of scratching This Humor is for the most part alimentary insinuating it self into the Pores of the Skin But yet there is likewise oftentimes therewithal mingled an excrementitious Humor and atrabiliary blood Signs Diagnostick We have before told you out of Celsus that this Tumor is sufficiently and commonly known Prognosticks 1. This Affect hath in it no danger so that Celsus thinks it meer folly so much as to will or desire the Cure of this Tumor 2. Those Vari that arise only from the thicker and grosser Aliment are firm and stable But if an Excrementitious Humor be mingled with them the Tubercles pour forth an Ichor or thin Excrement and if they be suppurated they turn into Ulcers 3. If together with the Pushes there be an Intense and extraordinary redness in the face the Malady is then very hard to be cured if not altogether impossible and although the Pustules may be removed by strong Medicaments yet the redness wil notwithstanding remain and encrease unto a higher pitch 4. When there is a redness conjoyned with the swelling and puffing up of the Face and a hoarsness of the voyce this is a very shrewd sign of an approaching Lepra or Leprosie The Cure These Tubercles are to be cured by Emollients Discussers and likewise unless they in a short time yield and give place by corroding Medicaments As for instance Take Meal of Lupines of the bitter Vetch Orobus of each one ounce and half of Mallows peeled and Flowerdeluce Root of each two drams Salt Ammoniack one dram with Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make Trochisques which at the time of using them may be dissolved in Milk Or Take Honey and the sharpest or sowrest Vinegar of each one ounce and half Mingle them Or Take Litharge of Gold three drams Turpentine half an ounce common Oyl as much as will suffice mingle them Or Let the Face be anointed in the Evening with bitter Almonds wel pounded and made into a Mash and so mingled with Vinegar and in the morning wash the Face with Milk If the Vari be harder than ordinary Take Black Soap half an ounce Animoniacum Frankincense of each a dram and half let them be dissolved in Water that they may get the thickness of a Cerote Or Take the Juyce of the sharp Dock two ounces Vinegar of
one ounce and half boyl them in a sufficient quantity of common water or else Whey and for two pound of the streining clarified add of the Syrup of Endive and Cichory with Rheubarb of each half an ounce of Elder Vinegar two ounces Mingle them wel together and let the Patient take hereof four or five ounces Or Take Cichory roots six drams Lichorish three drams Fumitory two handfuls Endive one handful Flowers of Borrage Violets Bugloss of each half a handful the seed of Melons and Endive of each one dram the Leaves of Sene one ounce the Rinds of Mirâ—bolans Citrin and Ind. of each half an ounce Polypody of the Oak five drams the whitest Agarick four drams choice Rheubarb two drams Spike one scruple Cinnamom and Ginger of each half a dram let them boyl in a sufficient quantity of Scabious and Fumitory water for two lib. let them stand for one night and afterward strain and clarifie them and let them be aromatized and spiced with Lign Aloes and red Saunders of each one scruple The Dose is four or five ounces Or Take the Decoction of Sene nine ounces Syrup of Fumitory Epithymum and of Cichory with Rheubarb of each two ounces Mingle and aromatize them with Cinnamom and Spec. Diarrhod Abbat half a dram give hereof at once four or five ounces Or Take Fumitory one handful the four Cordial Flowers of each one pugil Epithymum half a dram rasped Liquorish two drams the Leaves of elect and choice Sene three drams black Hellebore one scruple Polypody of the Oak three drams Raisins stoned two drams Anise seed one scruple boyl for four ounces In the streining infuse of the most choice Rheubarb one scruple Cinnamom half a scruple Spike and Schaenanth of each three ounces unto the streining pressed forth add of the Syrup of Fumitory and Bizantin simp of each three drams Make herewith a Potion to drink and let it be taken down as often as need requireth If it be requisite and that the Body stand in need of any further purging then let the stronger sort of Purgers be administred As Take Confection of Hamech three drams Elect Roses of Mesâ—nes one dram and half and so make a Bole. Or dissolve these Electuaries in the simple water or the Decoction of Fumitory three ounces thereof and then add Syrup of Epithymum and Fumitory one ounce and mingle them After other preparations and purgations we may then safely use the infusion of black Hellebore in this manner prepared Take the roots of Cichory and Polypody of the Oak of each one dram and half Fumitory half a handful Flowers of Borrage Bugloss and Cichory of each one pugil Epithymum and Raisins of each two drams boyl them for five ounces in the streining infuse for the space of one whol night of the true black Hellebore a dram and half Cinnamom one scruple Carrot and Anise seed of each half a scruple Cloves five grains unto the streining pressed forth add Syrup of Fumitory and of Cichory with Rheubarb of each three drams Let them be aromatized with one scruple of the Species of Diarrhodon Abbatiâ— But more especially there is here to be administred as that that is of singular benefit the Whey of Milk and chiefly that of Goats Milk which indeed in the moist Scabies may first of all be administred with one ounce of Succus Rosarum or the Juyce of Roses that it may withall purge and after for four or five daies may only alter If the Scabies be dry then there may be added two or three ounces of the Juyce of Fumitory or also two ounces of the Emulsion of the seed of Melons and thus it is a most efficacious Medicament both against the Scabies and the Itch. Or else the Whey may likewise be prepared after this manner Take the Whey of Goats Milk one quart Mirobalans bruised two ounces Epithymum one dram and half infuse them for a night and in the morning give the Patient one ounce of the streining Or Take the Roots of Cichory Fumitory Sorrel the Sprouts or tendrels of Hops Agrimony new gathered of each one handful Wormword and Rosemary of each one pugil boyl all these in a sufficient quantity of Goats Milk while it is yet warm until a fourth part thereof be consumed Afterward let there be dropt thereinto two of three spoonfuls of Elder Vinegar and when the Milk is Curdled the thin and cleer Whey may be taken in the morning either alone or which is better with the Syrup of Cichory with Rheubarb When the Body is sufficiently purged then it wil not be amiss to administer those things that provoke Sweat As Take Treacle and Mithridate of each one scruple the thickned Juyce of Fumitory half a scruple Syrup of the Juyce of Sorrel two drams dissolve them in Fumitory Water and so let them be taken in the morning and the Patient being wel covered in his Bed let him Sweat for some hours For this use and purpose Fumitory alone may be administred and so may Pimpernel Columbines and Elder But if the Scabies be stiff and stubborn and wil not yield unto the Remedies aforesaid we may then also use the Decoction of Sarsaparilla unto which notwithstanding it will not be amiss to add and therewith to mingle the Water or Syrup of Fumitory When these things have been made use of we are in the next place to betake our selves to Topicks And here we commend unto you in the first place the use of Baths as wel sweet Baths as Mineral and hot Baths among which those that proceed from Sulphur are chiefly commended the continual use whereof notwithstanding since that it doth extreamly dry for this reason it is somtimes requisite and convenient in a dry Scabies by turns to make use of the sweet and Sulphury Baths so that the Patient make use of the sweet Baths twice and four times of the other to wit the Sulphury For by the only use of such Baths and Whey alone even the most contumacious Scabies is oftentimes cured But seeing that those mineral Baths are not every where to be found we may therefore â—ubstitute and appoint others in stead of them that have a faculty and power to digest and cleanse and to open throughly cleanse and purge the Pores or the Skin which if they be mingled together with those things that cool and mitigate the pain and itching you have then a most excellent and soveraign Remedy As Take Alum one ounce and half Sulphur two ounces Nitre one ounce Salt a handful Make hereof a Powder which may be cast into a Kettle full of warm water Or Take Common Salt half a pound Alum three ounces Vitriol four ounces Tartar and Nitre of each two ounces let them be throughly bruised and then cast into the Bath In the Bath there may likewise be boyled Mallows Fumitory Scabious Mugwort Beets the Root of sour Sorrel and a Bag hung therein filled with Bean meal and Bran. There may likewise this following Bath
or such like be provided Viz Take Roots and Leaves of the sowr Sorrel three handfuls Elecampane Root three ounces Briony half a pound Mallows Scabious Fumitory Selandine Sopewort which some cal Bruisewort of each two handfuls whol Barley Lupines Beans of each half a pound Bran one pound Camomile flowers three handfuls boyl them for a Bath For this same use and purpose Liniments likewise and Unguents are prepared a great number whereof we meet with every where in Authors They are compounded and made as I have told you of such Medicaments as cleanse and purge the Skin such as are Nitre Flowerdeluce bitter Almonds Southernwood Hellebore the Root of Briony of white Lillies Bean meal the meal of the bitter Verch Orobus the meal of Lupines Turpentine Sulphur Tartar Unto these you may add and mingle therewith Anodynes that is to say those Remedies that mitigate the itching and asswage the pain that is excited by other Medicaments and such are these viz. Oyl of Roses Oyl of Dill and Oyl of Camomile the Fat of a Hen Goose Fat the Fat of a Calf new and fresh Butter Hogs Lard c. Adding likewise those things that correct and amend the distemper of the Skin and such are these to wit the juyce of Sorrel Milk the seed of Melons those Medicaments are likewise herewith to be mingled that are of thin parts as Vinegar and the juyce of Lemmons From al which and other such like as we see occasion divers Medicaments are compounded according to the nature condition and constitution together with al other circumstances of the body thus affected For al kinds of Scabies or Scabbiness are not easily to be cured with one only Medicament and whosoever they be that attempt this they are justly to be accused either of negligence or ignorance For the milder sort of Medicaments are most fit and proper in a mild and moderate Scabies in Children Women tender and delicate persons and so on the contrary And likewise the moist Scabies requireth one kind of Medicaments the dry another The milder and gentler sort of Remedies are these that follow Viz. Take Litharge first dissolved and diluted with Rose Vinegar the Roots of white Lillies of each two drams Oyl of Roses two ounces Bean meal one ounce Juyce of Lemmons two drams Camphire four grains those of them that are to be pulverized let them be beaten into a very smal and fine pouder and so mingled with the rest into the form of a Liniment Or Take Juyce of sowr Sorrel and Elecampane of each one ounce Juyce of Lemmons six drams Turpentine an ounce Litharge half an ounce Ceruss two drams common Salt half a dram Oyl of Roses as much as wil suffice and make a Liniment Or Take the Fat of a Hog an ounce and half Oyl of Roses one ounce Turpentine half an ounce Oyl of Tartar and the Yelks of Eggs of each one dram Pouder of Frankincense two drams common Salt one scruple and mingle them carefully Or Take fresh Butter and Turpentine of each four ounces Oyl of Roses and Myrtles of each one ounce two Yelks of Eggs Ceruss one ounce Salt two drams Mingle them wel Or Take the juyce of sowr Sorrel and Elecampane of each an ounce and half Vinegar half an ounce Oyl of Roses and Wax of each a sufficient quantity and make an Unguent Or Take Turpentine washed with Rose water half an ounce the juyce of sowr Oranges three drams the Yelk of one Egg Butter two drams Oyl of Roses as much as wil suffice to make a Liniment Or Take Turpentine washed in Scabious water one ounce Oyl of Roses half an ounce fresh Butter and Hogs Grease of each two drams Salt half a dram Litharge one dram the Yelks of two Eggs Juyce of Lemmons six drams Wax as much as wil serve the turn to make an Unguent Or Take Juyce of sowr Sorrel one ounce Turpentine and Styrax liquid of each a dram and half Elecampane Root two drams Frankincense one dram the Yelk of one Egg Salt one dram Vinegar a dram and half Hogs Grease and Oyl of Roses of each half an ounce Wax a sufficient quantity to make a soft Unguent Or Take Litharge half an ounce Ceruss two drams Mastick and Frankincense of each two drams the juyce pressed forth of an Orange the Orange being cut in pieces together with its rind one ounce Oyl of Roses as much as wil suffice Stir them wel about al together in a Leaden Mortar and so make an Unguent For the Rich and such as are tender and delicate there are wont to be made Unguents of Apples which they therefore cal Pomata's or Pomada's as for instance thus Take Cinnamom and Cloves of each three drams Lavender flowers two scruples Nutmeg two drams Styrax Calamite one dram Benzoin five drams Camphire one scruple sweet smelling Apples one pound and half Rose water the like quantity Wine four ounces the fat of a Hog fresh and sweet one pound boyl al and strain them and then add of Musk half a scruple and make a Liniment But in such as are of ful age especially where the Scabies is confirmed and setled the stronger sort of Medicaments are necessary As for Example Take the Juyce of sowr Sorrel one ounce Sulphur Citrine three drams Nitre two drams Liquid Styrax and Lupine Meal of each two drams and half Oyl of Roses as much as will suffice a little Wax and to make an Unguent Or Take Sulphur half an ounce Nitre one dram Oyl of Roses and Oyl of Nuts of each one ounce Juyce of Lemmons two drams mingle them c. Or Take the Roots of Elecampane sowr Sorrel of each one ounce boyl them in Vinegar and let them be passed through a fine sieve Then add of live Sulphur one dram common Salt half a dram of the Juyce of Lemmons six drams of the white Unguent of Rhasis and of the Cittine Unguent of each half an ounce Oyl of Tartar and Oyl of Roses of each as much as wil suffice a little Wax Make an Unguent Or Take good Wine that is sweet scented a pint and halâ— Sulphur three drams Frankincense two drams Salt one dram and half Hogs grease three ounces Wax one ounce and half let them boyl together to the consumption of the third part and in the end add of liquid Styrax a dram and half Mingle them Or Take Root of Pimpernel sowr Sorrel Elecampane of each half an ounce let them be infused in the Water of Fumitory and afterward let them be boyled unto the straining strongly pressed forth add Turpentine three ounces Oyl of Roses two ounces let them boyl until a third part or the one half be consumed and then add of Sulphur half an ounce Allum two drams Salgem and Nitre of each half a dram Oyl of Eggs and Wax of each a sufficient quantity and make an Unguent Or Take unsalted Butter four ounces Turpentine an ounce and half Sulphur two drams Salt half a dram the Yelk
of one Egg and mingle them wel together Or Take Turpentine four ounces Citrine Sulphur half an ounce the Root of Pimpernel Elecampane Lapis Calaminaris of each half a dram Salgem three drams Litharge and Ceruss of each one dram the Yelks of two Eggs Allum two drams a little Vinegar and Oyl of Roses as much as wil suffice and make an Unguent There are some likewise that mingle Quick-silver and Sublimate with those Unguents and Liniments they make use of in this Affect But in regard that there oftentimes thereby accreweth unto the Patient much dammage and danger it is therefore the more safe and advised course in the said Scabies altogether or as much as possibly may be to abstain from Quick-silver and Sublimate inasmuch as the said Scabies may be cured by other Medicaments And somtimes likewise for the anointing of the Hands there are provided little round Balls Sopes and those Washballs they commonly cal Smegmata as for example Take Pouder of the Flowerdeluce Root half an ounce of Elecampane two drams Feculae Brion and Gersae Serpentariae by both which you are to understand a Pouder made by Art of the fresh Roots of Briony and Wake-Robin or Cuckowpint the pouder of which last is called Gersa Serpentatia and it is as white as Starch or Ceruss of each one dram Choice Frankincense two drams Oyl of Tartar three drams Liquid Styrax two drams the meal of Lupines half a dram the Juyce of sowr Sorrel three ounces Venice Sope dissolved in Rose water and Fumitory water as much as wil suffice Musk if you please half a scruple or somwhat more mingle al these and make a Mass and of it little Balls that may be wrapped about with Silk Or Take the distilled Water of sowr Sorrel one pint the Juyce of Plantane two ounces Rose water one ounce and half Juyce of Lemmons one ounce Litharge three ounces Ceruss two drams Mercury sublimate six drams common Salt two drams Sulphur one dram and half Pouder what is to be poudered and then mingle them in the Waters let them stand infusing twenty four hours and afterwards destill them Another experimented Remedy in al kinds of Scabies or Scabbiness Take Roots of sowr Sorrel while they are yet green and of Elecampane green likewise of each half a pound Swines fat three ounces bruise the Roots wel in a Mortar and let them boyl a little over a gentle fire and after let them be hard pressed and squeezed and so make hereof an Unguent Of Malum Mortuum Some Physitians make mention of a peculiar kind of Scabies which they cal Malum Mortuum because therein the body appeareth black and as it were mortified which is a Scabies with a wanness and blackness and crusty Pustules that are black soul without any matter sense and pain especially in the Hips and Ankles taking its Original from Natural Melancholy when it is become adust and thereupon it is that it followeth the use of Melancholy Meats the obstruction of the Spleen and the retention of the Hemorrhoids and without doubt it wanteth not the scorbutical malignity And it is a Malady as are likewise al Melancholy Affects of a long continuance and very hard to be cured But yet it is to be cured by preparing the Melancholy Humor and purging of it in a fit and convenient manner and by correcting the fault of the Spleen upon which it dependeth touching which as in the Scurvy so likewise elsewhere here and there we have already often spoken The body being evacuated we are to continue those Medicaments that temper the Melancholy humor unto which there are to be added those Medicaments that are good and proper against the Scurvy Furthermore let the body be washed with this Bath prepared and made of the Roots of Polypody sowr Sorrel Elecampane Flowerdeluce the rinds of the Elder Danewort Wormwood Fumitory Parietary and Mallows When the Patient goeth into the Bath let there be given him the Conserve of Fumitory or the Syrup or Water thereof with Treacle Afterward let the place affected be anointed with Vnguent Diapompholygos or such like Take Juyce of Fumitory of sowr Sorrel Selandine Spoonwort and Water-Cresses of each an ounce the fat of an old Hog three ounces boyl them until the Juyces be consumed and then add of live Sulphur half an ounce Oyl of Nuts an ounce Vnguent Diapompholygos one ounce and half Frankincense two drams Turpentine half an ounce mingle them wel together in a Leaden Mortar and make an Vnguent Chap. 28. Of Lepra of the Greeks LEpra so called from the Greek word Lepis in Latine Squamma in regard of the resemblance it hath with the scales of fishes is a certain high or indeed the highest degree of Psora or Scabies But now at the very first and before we proceed any further lest that any one should be troubled and made to doubt in the reading of Authors it is to be observed that we here speak of the Lepra of the Grecians and not that of the Arabians For that Affect which the Arabians cal Lepra is the same with the Greeks Elephantiasis touching which we shal speak in the next Chapter which is nothing else than an universal Cancer of the whol body as it is manifest from the description that is given it by Avicen in his Tertia Quarti Tetrab 3. Chap. 1. where he saith thus The Lepra is a Disease having its original from black Choler dispersed throughout the whol body and from whence the temperament of the parts the form and figure and at length also the very continuity it self is corrupted and it is a Cancer common to the whol Body But now again the Arabians cal the Lepra with the Greeks Albaram nigram or the black Albaras as appeareth out of the same Avicen Albaras nigra or the black Albaras in his Septima Quarti Tetrab 2. Chap. 9. The black Albaras saith he is that very same affect that we otherwise also call Impetigo Excoriativa and it is a scabbiness happening unto the Skin rough vehement and it maketh scales like unto fish scales with an itching and it is accompanied with a melancholy humor and it is one of those things that precede and go before the Lepra By al which words Lepra of the Greeks is manifestly described For why Lepra of the Greeks is a Scabies in the highest degree and differeth from the Scabies only in the vehemency of the Affect From whence also it is that Paulus Aegineta in one and the same Chapter viz. Chap. 2. of his fourth Book handleth both the Lepra and the Scabies But Avicen whom I had rather follow treateth of them in several and peculiar Chapters to wit of Scabies in the seventh Section of his fourth Book Tetrab 3. Chap. 6. But he handleth Lepra of the Greeks in the place alleadged For in Lepra there is a far greater corruption of the Humors and consequently a greater distemper than there is in Scabies and in
much the better and far less afflicted with the aforesaid Malady than formerly he had been For Beer is much thicker than Wine and therfore it also breedeth and supplieth a more thick and gross blood The Prognostick This Malady is very hardly cured and especially if the Face be ful of Pustules and as it were exulcerated and for the most part it accompaninieth the person that hath it so long as he liveth The Cure Now this Affect is not any other way to be cured but by taking away the fault of the blood and what is amiss in the Liver For albeit that the containing cause as we cal it of this Malady may be dissipated in the Face yet notwithstanding it wil not be long ere there be made a new and fresh supply of the same matter And therefore there must not only be an evacuation of the blood and the cholerick humor which for the most part is mingled together with the blood and Cupping-glasses with scarification oftentimes fastened and affixed unto the Shoulder-blades but especially and in the first place the extream heat of the blood and liver is to be brought unto a due and fit temper and the obstructions of the Liver are to be opened touching which we have sufficiently spoken before in the third Book of our Practice Part 6. Sect. 1. Chap. 1. touching the hot distemper of the Liver and there likewise Chap. 2. of the obstruction of the Liver Those Medicaments that are made and provided of Strawberries Cichory and whatsoever Compositions that have in them any of the said Cichory are here most useful and proper As for Topical Remedies let them be cooling when the Face is only red and not yet defiled with Pustules but if with the redness there be also Pustules accompanying it then the Medicaments ought likewise to be such as have in them a power and vertue to discuss Now these Remedies are administred in the form of Waters and Liquors as also of Liniments and Unguents As first thus Take the Root of Solomons Seal three ounces Flowers of Elder of the Valley Lilly of the bitter Mushroms of each six ounces white Tartar an ounce and half white Wine a pottle Camphire two drams Let them stand infusing in the Wine ten daies and afterward destil them Take Wheaten Meal as much as you think fit Goats Milk one quart make hereof Dough and making it into Loaves bake them in the Oven and let this Bread be again macerated in Goats Milk for the space of twelve hours After this add the Whites of twenty Eggs Camphyre one ounce burnt Allum two ounces Destil them and make a Water Or Take Strawberries a pint Goats Milk a quart the Whites of twenty Eggs the Seed of Quinces two ounces Camphyre two drams Allum and Sulphur of each half an ounce mingle and destil them Lac Virginis as they cal it is likewise very good for this purpose made of one part of Litharge and three of Vinegar But this following is more efficacious Take Litharge half an ounce Vinegar four ounces let them boyl to the consumption of the third part and in another Pot boyl of Salt and Allum of each half a dram Frankincense one scruple Rose water half a pint Mingle both these Liquors and pass them through a Linen strainer and keep it for your use Or Take Sulphur two drams common Salt and Camphyre of each half a dram Ceruss and Litharge of Silver of each two drams make them into a Pouder and then mingle them carefully with the Water of Bean flowers Rose water white Lilly Water the Water of Solomons Seal of each two ounces Mingle them c. Or Take Camphyre one dram pour unto it into the Mortar by a little at once and stirring it wel about of the Oyl of sweet Almonds three drams afterward pour thereunto of the Oyl of Tartar by draining two drams and then moreover add of the Yelks of two Eggs and mingle them wel together After this add of Saccharum Saturni or Sugar of Saturn half a dram mingle them with al possible care and then at the length pour in unto al the aforeâ—â—d by a little at once the Water of Bean flowers of white Lillies and of Strawberries of each two ounces and so mingle them al wel together Or Take Litharge one ounce Allum three drams Ceruss half an ounce Vinegar two ounces the Water of Roses and Plantane of each four ounces boyl them until a third part be wasted away then strain them and to the straining add a little of the Juyce of Lemmons and with this mixture let the Face be anointed in the Evening Or Take the Kernels of Peaches clean peeled bitter Almonds blanched of each in number six beat them wel in a Mortar with a little milk and then let their milky Juyce be pressed forth unto which add of burnt Allum as much as a Nut. Afterward take of Quick-silver as much as a great Pease in quantity which together with Spittle shake wel and stir it about in the Mortar until it become black and be as it were mortified and then mingle it carefully with the former Liquor with which about bed-time let the Face be anointed and then in the morning following let it be washed with Rose water or the Water of Bean flour Or Take the whitest Tartar Allum and Nitre of each four parts Sulphur one part bruise them wel and then Calcine them and in a Cellar from them make an Oyl per deliquium as they speak or by draining Or Take Kernels of Peaches hulled four ounces the seed of Gourds peeled two ounces let them be bruised and then the Oyl pressed out of them with which let the Face be wel anointed both morning and evening and afterward washed with Rose water and Bean flour Water and the Water of Solomons Seal Or Take Camphyre Litharge burnt Allum of each half a dram live Sulphur a dram and half White Vitriol and Frankincense of each one dram let them be poudered and carefully mingled with Rose water and Bean flour Water Or Take Live Sulphur one ounce Choice Frankincense three drams Myrrh two drams Camphire one dram Ceruss half a dram Pouder them al very smal and pour thereto of Rose water one pint mingle them and when the Patient goes into his Bed let his Face be anointed with the said Liquor and the morning following let it be washed with the water of the infusion of Bran. Or Take Oyl of Tartar one dram Sulphur two drams Camphire half a dram Ceruss and Litharge of each half an ounce Rose water as much as wil suffice and so let them stand in the Sun in a Glass close stopped Or Take one whol Egg and put it into the strongest Vinegar for four daies until the shel be softened afterward take forth the white and fill it up with Frankincense Mastick and Ceruss of each one dram mingle them c. Chap. 32. Of Crusta Lactea Achores Favi Tinea Ficus Helcydrium Psydracia and
indeed there is hardly to be found any Remedy that can subdue and conquer the greatness of this Malady 2. This Disease is exceeding great and grievous to wit from the great store of corrupt humors and there is in the body an extream and intense heat to wit so great that if any one thus affected but for a short space hold in his hand a new and green Apple it wil become wrinkled and withered even as if it had been for some long time dried by the heat of the Sun and the Air. And this same very malignity hath now of a long time taken deep root For this Malady discovereth it self but very slowly neither doth it at al appear before that the malignity of the humors have besieged as I may so say and shal have corrupted the bowels On the contrary the strength of Nature is but very weak as it may sufficiently appear from the actions of al the faculties that are generally hurt and weakened 3. Wherefore like as we do but in vain and to no purpose at al take in hand those that are altogether overmastered by this malady and the long continuance thereof so on the other hand it argueth an overgreat despondency and despair in those Physitians that deny their help and assistance for the cure and recovery of those that but only seem to be affected with this disease but in very truth are not so For as Aetius writeth Tetrab 4. Serm. 1. Chap. 120. It is a sign of humanity and an argument of brotherly kindness in the most extream and worst of Maladies to condescend likewise unto those Experiments that in al likelihood and probability may tend to the quelling and keeping under the rage and violence of the Affect The Cure As for what concerneth the Cure of this Disease in the curing of an Elephantiasis that is but new begun it is above all other things necessary and requisite that the vitious humors be wholly removed out of the body which to attempt wil yet notwithstanding be but in vain unless there be withal such a like Diet first ordained and appointed as by the which there may be no more of the vitious and bad humors gathered and heaped up together but that thereby rather the fault and whatever is amiss in the humors and the body may be rectified and amended And this is done by such things as cool and moisten to wit as they are contrary unto the preternatural distemper being hot and dry Broths and suppings are in this case therefore very fit and proper which may be qualified with Sorrel Bugloss and Borrage unto which likewise as unto al other food the Patient eats Harts-horn may be added and mingled therewith as having in it an especial and peculiar virtue of oppugning and subduing that aforesaid malignity Let his Meats be such as afford a good and commendable juyce and withal easie of digestion his flesh rather boyled than roasted or if at any time it be rosted then among other Condiments Sauces or Sallades let there be appointed him these that follow viz. Sorrel Lettice the juyce of Citrons Vinegar of Roses and Câ—pars But chiefly we commend the cream of Barley with the Milk of sweet Almonds And on the contrary let the Patient carefully a-avoid al salt meats and such as being salted are then smokeâ—dried and so hardened al fried and adust food al spiced meats as also Pease Beans Onions Garlick Mustard Hares flesh Harts flesh Beef Swines flesh Fish that have a viscous and clammy juyce and generally al other meats that breed a thick melancholick and adust humor And when the sick person is at his meals thirsty mere and undiluted Wine is very hurtful for him in regard that the heat and driness of the Patients body is thereby augmented and as for Beer thick humors are for the most part thereby generated and therefore it wil be requisite to find out for him another kind of Drink that he may dayly make use of without any the least inconvenience Of which sort the chief and principal is that drink that is made of the juyce of sweet ripe Apples and then throughly cleansed from its Lees and Dregs For this Drink is of singular use and benefit not only for those that are Elephantiack but likewise for al Melancholy and Hypochondriacal persons as also for al others whose Liver and Mesentery or Midrif afford matter and cause of a disease For it tempereth and qualâ—â—ieth the melancholy humor discusseth the vapors thereof recreateth the Heart begetteth cheerfulness tempereth and moisteneth the dryness of the Bowels and yieldeth a good aliment Another Drink there is that is useful and fit for al hot Natures and hot Diseases provided that the stomach wil but bear it and it is made after this manner Take of the purest Water three quarts Sugar six ounces the juyce of Lemmons or of the Citron three ounces according to what the stomach of the sick person the strength of the heat and the tast require of Citrine Sanders two drams let them boyl a little and afterward add of Cinnamom one dram and strain them Those that are of mean estate and condition may make use of the Prisan or Barley boyled with Fenel seeds Bur this following wil serve them for a more efficacious Drink Take Sorrel Marigolds Meadow-sweet of each one handful Pimpernel two drams Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each one dram Raisons stoned and wel washed two ounces Liquor is rasped and cut into thin slices one ounce Barley one pound Boyl them in a gallon of Water until one quart thereof be wasted away And what is strained forth let it be sweetened with the Syrup or Julep of Violets Or Take the Root of Succory one ounce Raisons three ounces Liquoris cut thin half an ounce Harts-horn Fenel seed of each one dram boyl them in a gallon of Water almost unto a third part And what is strained forth sweeten it with the Syrup of Violets Furthermore as there shal be occasion let a vein be opened and the body be purged according to what the variety of circumstances shal require as for example Take Cassia one ounce Elect. Diacatholic two drams Fenel seed half a scruple and with Sugar make a Bole. Or Take Elect. Diacatholic half an ounce Confect Hamech one dram or two Conserve of Borrage half a dram Sugar a sufficient quantity and make a Bole. Or Take the Roots of Succory and Scorzonera or Vipers Grass of each three drams Sorrel Borrage Bugloss Fumitory Harts-tongue of each one pugil or smal handful of al the Cordial flowers two pugils of the four greater cold seeds and Fenel seed of each half a dram the Leaves of choice Sene half an ounce Polypody of the Oak and Mother of Thyme of each two drams Raisons cleansed half an ounce boyl them in a sufficient quantity of cleer running Water and in four ounces and half of the straining infuse one dram and half of Rheubarb and half a dram of Cinnamom unto
of Caraway of Cummin Annis Fennel Carrot Millet or Hirse Juniper Berries and Bay-berries Camomil Dill Rue Calaminth Marjoram as for example Take Seeds of Caraway Fennel and Cummin of each one ounce Rue Calamint and Camomile flowers of each one handful and half Millet seed three ounces then make a little bag or two which throughly moisten in warm Wine and apply them by turns one after the other Or Take of Rue and Betony of each one handful Parietary half a handful boyl them in Ley until they be soft and bruise them then add pouder of Camomile flowers and Bean Meal of each two ounces boyl them and make a Cataplasm Or Take Oyl of Rue and Camomile of each one ounce the destilled waters of Caraway Fennel Cinnamom of each half a scruple a little Wax and make an Vnguent Chap. 42. Of Tumors proceeding from the solid parts falling down into or resting upon some other parts in general THere remaineth now to be spoken of the last kind of Tumors which the solid and living parts excite For these if out of their own proper place they fal down into another place or else rest and lie thereon they then elevate the parts incumbent and more especially the skin and so by this means they excite a Tumor or Swelling But now the Bones are those that principally do this For these if in either their disjoyntings they fal out of their proper places or seats or if being broken they change their scituation they then lift up the part incumbent into a Tumor But there is no need that we speak any thing in special and particularly touching these kind of Tumors For like as they proceed from and depend upon disjoyntings dislocations and fractures so they are by them wel known and these being cured they vanish And hither likewise belongeth Gibbosity touching which we have already spoken in our second Book of the Practice of Physick Part 2. Chap. 21. There is likewise mention made by Galen in his Book of Tumors Chap. 14 15. and 14. of the Method of Physick Chap. 17. of a peculiar sort of Tumors arising from the Bones and this he calleth Exostosis you may cal it Exossatio to wit Emmencies and standings out of the Bones and especially those of the Temples and in other parts also but as touching these in referred unto Nodi and Cornua Tumors above propounded Chap. 38. there is no need at al that we speak any thing further here in this place Furthermore there are Tumors oftentimes excited by the soft parts moved out of their places and falling down And hither belongeth that kind of Tumors that the falling forth of the Vvea causeth of which we have already treated in our first Book Part 3. Sect. 1. Chap. 25 Hernia or Rupture of the Intestines of which likewise above in the third Book Part 2. Sect. 1. Chap. 6. and the Umbilical or Navel Hernia touching which also we h ve spoken sufficiently in the same place Part 10 Chap. 2. And lastly the Uteâ—ine protidency and Hernia and of this we have spoken likewise before in the fourth Book Part 2. Sect. 2. Chap. 16 and 17. There remain yet only two sorts of Tumors having their original from the living parts the one from the Arteries the other from the Veins of which the former is termed by the appellation of Aneurysma and the latter by the name of Varices which Tumors we shal speak unto and explain in the two following Chapters and with them we wil conclude and shut up this Tract of Tumors Chap. 43. Of Aneurysma ANeurysma which is so called not from the Greek word Neuron but from Anaeureumein which is as much as to dilate above which word the Latines likewise retain being not provided of a better and more proper for as for those that the Arabian Interpreters make use of such as these Hyporisma Emborisima Emborismus Aporisma they al of them have their original from the Greek word corrupted that this Aneurysma I say is a Tumor arising from an Artery preternaturally affected is a thing our of al doubt and controversie For although the Author of the Medicin Definitions saith that Aneurysma is a relaxation of a veiny little Vessel yet notwithstanding without al doubt the word Venosum is there taken for Arteriosum that is to say Veiny for Arterial since that it is a thing generally wel known that the Ancients did oftentimes cal the Arteries by the name of Veins But now what this Aneurysma is and from what cause it ariseth is a thing not altogether so manifest and evident Galen indeed in his Book of Tumors Chap. 11. writeth thus touching this Aneurysma But now saith he a mouth being made in an Artery the Affect is called Aneurysma Now this happeneth when the Artery being wounded the skin that lieth neer unto it cometh unto a Cicatrice but yet the Vlcer of the Artery still remaineth the said skin being neither conglutinated neither together brought unto a Cicatrice neither filled up with flesh And the same Galen in his fifth Book of the Method of Physick Chap. 7. hath left this written Vnless saith he flesh produced do first fill up the place that is neer about the Artery cut asunder but that there still remaineth some void and vacant place then verily there followeth that Tumor we call Aneurysma Other Greek Physitians there are that are of the same Judgment and Opinion with Galen For thus Aetius writeth touching this Anourysma Tettab 4. Serm. 3. Chap. 10. Anecurysma happeneth in every part of the Body but more frequently in the Throat where it produceth that Tumor we cal Bronchocele It befalleth oftentimes unto Women in Child-bed by reason of the violent detention and holding of their breath but it happeneth likewise in the Head nigh unto the places of the Arteries and in the rest of the body also where ever the Arteries are wounded like as when ignorant and unexpert Physitians intending and attempting to open a Vein in the Arm do withal prick and oftentimes cut asunder the Artery lying underneath it The very same is told us by Paulus Aegineta in his fourth Book and Chap. 53. The same Opinion is borrowed from the Greeks by Avicen the Arabian as appeareth by what he writeth in Quart quarti Tract 2. Chap. 16. And when the place of the Artery saith he is not from above coarctated and conjoyned close together after the solution of its continuity and that it findeth a voidness or vacuity then the thing comes even to an Emborismus which is named the Mother of Blood And a little after thus he writeth And very many times saith he the Artery is not indeed covered over with flesh but that which containeth the Artery is incarnated and covered with flesh and is coarctated and closely conjoyn'd upon it Wherefore the blood cannot have nor make any superfluous course yea somthing goeth out of it even unto the ends of the skin which it receiveth and taketh in the quantity and
thereof that they term Lac Virgineum or Virgins Milk Or Take of the Egyptiack Vnguent half an ounce Sublimate half a dram Ley one ounce rose-Rose-water two ounces Plantane Water four ounces and then let them boyl a little The green Water above mentioned and described is likewise very useful But yet nevertheless if the narrowness and depth of the Fistula hinder the fit application of these Medicaments as for the most part it so falleth out then the said Fistula is either wholly to be opened or else the Medicaments are to be injected even unto the very bottom thereof When you have a mind to open the Fistula then let the searching Instrument be first of al conveyed thereinto and so let it be opened upon the said Instrument But if it be not thought fit to open the whol Fistula then Medicaments are to be injected and these must be either liquid or dry The liquid are injected by a Funnel or Squirt and they are to be washed with Ley Mulsum Sea-water Lime-water the Water of hot Baths Aqua vitae or the Spirit of Wine of which last this is by the way to be observed that if it be mingled together with other convenient Medicaments it is then of singular use and benefit in the cleansing and drying of sordid Ulcers as we may see in Valeriola his fourth Book Observat 10. and in his fifth Book Observ 1 7 8. But the dry are made into a Pouder and blown into the Ulcer by a Quil put into the mouth of the Fistula especially if the Fistula be but short and within the flesh but if it be long it may likewise be opened on the opposite part that so on both sides the Medicament may be injected Where this is not to be passed over in silence touching which we likewise gave you notice before in the Cure of Sinus that we use our utmost endeavor that the orifice of the Fistula may be open downward toward the Inferior parts that so the Humors may the more freely flow forth or if it be not open then in that very place the Fistula is to be opened unless there be some great and weighty impediment to hinder the same The opening of a Fistula But when notwithstanding al the Medicaments the Fistula yieldeth not neither giveth place at al unto the most prevalent Remedies that have or can be administred and that somtimes in this case the operation of the hands bringeth more assistance help and benefit we are somtimes likewise to betake our selves unto the Iron Incision Knife and the fire it self To wit the whol Sinus is to be opened which yet nevertheless it wil not be safe for us to attempt in those Fistula's that reach unto the great Arteries or the Nerves or the Tendons or the Membrane that girdeth in the Ribs or any other parts that are of the like Nature with these But whensoever this opening shal be judged fit and feasible the Sinus being then first of al searched by the Probe or by some Liquor cast into it the whol such as it is may be opened The Fistula being opened the callous hardness ought either with Medicaments or the edg of a Pen-knife or a Razor to be drawn forth even so far until we come unto the good and sound flesh which may be perceived not only by the color but even likewise from the blood and the sense of pain The same kind of Callus if it be extraordinary hard may most chiefly be taken away with a red-hot Iron this being done as with most speed so with the least sense and feeling of pain But nevertheless the â—iâ—e doth so terrifie and affright people that few or none wil admit of this Remedy But yet in the mean time while these things are in doing whether it be by Caustick Medicaments or by the fire-hot Iron or by the fire it self the part is al the while to be wel guarded round about with some one or other Defensive Cooler and Repeller lest that upon the exciting of pain an Inflammation should be raised The Fistula being thus throughly dried and burnt we are then to make use of some mitigating Medicament and such as may loosen and cast off the crustiness thereof But if the Fistula reach unto and end in a bone this so soon as it is discovered by the Section we must with al care and diligence pare and scrape away whatsoever we find to be corrupted and black in the said bone and this indeed must be but only in the very superficies of the bone for if the rottenness hath further corrupted the said bone then the scaly corrupted part thereof is to be cut forth with a Wimble unless it fal forth of its own accord but if the rottenness shal have penetrated even unto the marrow of the bone then that that is corrupted is to be taken out with the Cizers that are for that purpose But lastly if the Bone be wholly corrupted then al the whol bone is to be taken forth which may indeed be done in smal bones but it cannot be so done in others The bone being now purged those things are afterward to be administred that are called Incarnatives viz. Such Medicaments as generate and breed flesh Unto which if the Fistula give not place it is then a sure sign that as yet al that that was corrupted is not wholly taken away The Fistula is thereupon to be opened deeper and the bone to be scraped with al the utmost diligence and care that may be and then it must be further cleansed But if the Fistula wil not yet after al his be cured we may without al doubt conclude that it hath penetrated so deep into the body that it is altogether impossible to find out the end bottom thereof And therefore the whol business is then to be committed and left unto Nature which yet nevertheless we may likewise assist and help with Medicaments for which end and purpose Nicholaus the Florentine prescribeth this following which as he saith wil both draw forth the bones that are broken and corrupted eat through the naughty putrefied flesh and heal the Fistula Take Salt torrefied by the fire Tartar and Agarick let them be made into a very fine Pouder and then this Pouder being tempered together with Honey let it be imposed upon the Fistula The Callus being now removed and quite taken away if there be any thing sordid and foul yet left remaining we must then make use of Detersive and Sarcotick Medicaments For which end Pimpernel Golden Rod Centaury the less the Root of Aristolochy and the like are to be administred Take Turpentine washed in the Spirit of Wine three ounces the Juyce of Smallage three drams Pimpernel half an ounce Honey of Roses strained one ounce and half let them boyl until welnigh the one half of the Juyces be wasted away Afterwards add of round Aristolochy one dram the meal or flour of Lupines three drams Myrrh one dram mingle c. Which said
Medicament either the Tents may be dipped in it or else it may in some other manner be administred unto the Fistula There is extant in St. Augustines 22. Book of the City of God and Chap. 8. a most miraculous Cure and such as is wel worth the reading of a Fistula by devout Prayers Chap. 11. Of an Ulcer with Vermine or Worms breeding therein ANd somtimes likewise Worms are generated in Ulcers But now what the cause is of the breeding of these Worms we have already told you in the second Book of our Institutions Chap. 9. and in the third Book of our Practice Part 2. Sect. 1. Chap. 5. What was there spoken hath here place likewise for Worms are generated in Ulcers that are sordid and foul and which were not cleansed as they ought to have been neither purged from their Pus and Sanies and this especially if it be in the Summer time and the Air being hot and moist Signs Diagnostick If the Ulcer be open then the Worms appear unto the sight but if by reason of the streightness and narrowness of the Ulcer the Worms cannot be seen they may yet be known by other signs by a certain biting both of pricking and pain and by the sense of motion And there is most commonly likewise a certain stink perceived in those Ulcers The Cure The whol business and substance of the Cure consisteth in this to wit that the Worms be taken away and the putridness of the Ulcer be hindered and prevented If therefore the Worms lie open and may be discerned they are then to be drawn forth with Instruments sitted for the same purpose but if they lie hid or stick so close and fast unto the part that they cannot be drawn forth they are then to be killed with Medicaments that may likewise withal take away the putridness and the overgreat humidity of the part and this is done by Medicaments made of Wormwood Horehound Dittany Fern Scordium or Water Germander Featherfew Centaury the less the Leaves of Peaches Lupines Gentian the Gall of a Bull Aloes and Myrth As Take Wormwood Centaury the less Horehound of each half a handful boyl them in ordinary Spring Water and strain them Take of the straining half a pint Honey two ounces Aloes two drams Mingle them c. Or Take Gentian Root half an ounce white Hellebore two drams Dittany of Candy Wormwood Centaury the less of each half a handful boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water then take of the straining six ounces the Elixir of Propriety two drams Mingle c. Or Take Vnslaked Lime a sufficient quantity extinguish it with Wine Vinegar and afterward let it be stirred wel about with Oyl of Roses that so a Cataplasm may be made hereof Or Take Aloes two drams Myrrh poudered one dram the meal of Lupines two drams Bulls Gall half an ounce Flour of Brass one dram Honey as much as wil suffice and make a Liniment Or Take Meal or flour of Lupines three drams Elixir propriet two drams Buls Gal three drams Honey a sufficient quantity and make hereof a Liniment Chap. 12. Of a Varicose Ulcer TOuching Varices we have indeed spoken above in the first part Chap. 44. yet notwithstanding it somtimes so happeneth that an Ulcer may be joyned with and accompany these Varices and this Ulcer they cal a varicose Ulcer Which Malady is easily known from the signs of a Varix and from Ulcers Now this varicose Ulcer cannot be healed unless the Varices be first of all healed as Galen teacheth us in his fourth Book of the Method of Physick Chap. 2. And therefore whensoever at any time we are minded to take in hand the Cure of such an Ulcer in the first place the Cure must be directed unto and look toward the said Varices which how it may be accomplished we have told you in the place before alleadged Now there is extant in Gulielmus Fabricius his fourth Century and Observat 85. a History of this varicose Ulcer how it was cured the History he relateth in these very words In the yeer 1589. saith he when I returned home unto my Fathers House out of France I was called unto a certain Patient here in the Neighborhood The History of a monstrous Vlcer a man about fourty yeers old very strong and able of Body and of the best Constitution Adolphus auff dem Bruch by name This man was sorely troubled with a malignant and inveterate Vlcer in his left Leg together with a Varix of an extraordinary great bigness for it was as thick as my Arm neer unto the Hand-wrist and almost a span long But it began in his Ham and thence descending downward toward the Feet it fetcht a ring and made two circumvolutions But it was notable to observe that so soon as ever he lifted up his Leg on high the blood immediately retired but the Leg being set again upon the ground the blood again descendeth and that in a very moment and that I may tel you in a word the blood ebbed and flowed no otherwise then as if in some hollow Pipe or Conduit it had been cast first into this and then into that part thereof Moreover it being so that varicose Vlcers can by no means be consolidated unless the Varix be first cut forth I therefore thus set upon the Cure Having appointed my Patient a good and wholsom Course of Dyet and now and then also throughly purging his Body and opening the Arm-Vein of the same side and putting the sick Person upon a Bench I then easily and gently separated the Skin in the Ham from the Vein it self And then with a Thread twice doubled which I conveyed in by a Needle that I crooked on purpose I laid hold on the Varix and in the lower part of the Varix I proceeded in the very same manner But before ever I would draw the Thread close and tie the knot I commanded that his Leg should be again set upon the ground from off the Bench and this I did to this end that the blood might in manner as aforesaid flow downward for I much feared lest that the Blood by reason of its ebbing and flowing being made very thin and subtile should here cause some inconvenience or other c. See what further followeth in this History in the first part of this fifth Book Chap. 44. in the Conclusion of the said Chapter in which we treat of Varices Chap. 13. Of an Ulcer with the rottenness of a Bone IT happeneth likewise somtimes that a rotten and corrupted bone lieth under the Ulcer Now Bones are corrupted and contract a rottenness either from internal Causes to wit the long afflux of the excrementious humors unto the bones or else the venomous quality and acrimony of the Sanies or else by some hidden propriety like as it often happeneth in the French Disease that the very bones become rotten the Skin in the mean time remaining whol and sound The external causes are
thin there is no unsavory and stinking smel neither in the Vlcer nor in its Tumor There is no Inflammation the pain is but little and moderate nothing creepeth therein and therefore it bringeth along with it no great danger yet however it is not easily cured There it somtimes a thin Cicatrice brought all over it but this is again soon broken and the Vlcer renewed It happeneth most especially in the Feet and in the Thighs The same Celsus seeing that he maketh no mention of Telephian Ulcers it is not to be doubted but that he thought them to be the same with the Chironia as likewise Paulus Aegineta doth when in his fourth Book and 26. Chap. he thus writeth Inveterate Vlcers saith he and such as hardly admit of a Cicatrice some cal them Chironia as though they needed a Chiron himself to heal them others there are that cal them Telephia because that Telephus continued long troubled with such a like Vlcer Those that think that both the Chironium and the Telephium Ulcers consist not so much in their corrosion as in this that they are both of them malignant and contumacious so that they are wont to continue with the sick persons even unto their old age these dissent from Galen who in the second Book of the Method of Healing Chap. 2. and 14. of the said Method Chap. 17. thinketh that Phagedaena consisteth in erosion and that Chironium and Telephium are a species hereof Where we must know as Galen acquaints us in his Commentary upon the sixth of the Aphorism Aphor. 45. that al Ulcers that become greater and worse the Ancients called al these Ulcers Phagedaenae and if in this manner we take Phagedaenae then Chironia and Telephia may be called a Species or lâ—nd of Phagedaena But there are some certain of the latter Writers that have endeavered to distinguish them giving unto each of them a proper and peculiar appellation and some of these they cal Chironia others of them they term Telephia and a third sort Phagedaenae So that Phagedaena being taken for a corroding Ulcer is one while the Genus of Chironium and Telephiuns Ulcers and another while a certain determinate Species of a corroding Ulcer differing from Chironium and Telephium which to wit besides the skin eateth through the flesh it self and yet nevertheless is not altogether so malignant as Chironium or Telephium or the Cancer To wit Telephian Ulcers are the same with Chironia so called from Telephus who was a long time afflicted with such an ulcer And what Galen in the fourth Book of the Composition of Medicaments according to their kinds Chap. 4. hath written touching Chironia to wit They cal saith he those Chironian Vlcers that are not meanly and indifferently malignant or contumacious but such as are so in the highest degree The same is likewise to be taken and understood of the ulcers Telephia The Causes Now such like Ulcers have their original from a Melancholy humor having some though not much black Choler mingled together with it Signs Diagnostick Such like Ulcers are known in that they have their lips il colored and for the most part they are red and itching and although the Ulcer be never so lightly and gently handled or wiped yet there is a pain perceived the parts lying round about it swel up and the Ulcer is from day to day dilated and not only the skin but the flesh likewise that lieth under it is eaten through Prognosticks Every sort of these Ulcers is Contumacious and hard to be cured as we told you before The Cure As touching the Cure Universals being premised and the body emptied of the vitious humor and a fit course of Diet prescribed there are to be applied unto the Ulcer Medicaments that are compounded of such things as are cold and dry astringent and withall Dicussive and such are Plantane Nightshade the tops of the Black-berry or Dog-berry bush the Flowers of Roses Cypress Nuts Pomegranate flowers and rinds Mastick the bark of Frankincense burnt Lead Litharge and the like And therefore in the first place let the Ulcer be washed and fomented with this or the like Decoction Take Plantane one handful Flowers of red Roses Pomegranate flowers and Cypress Nuts of each half an ounce Myrtle berries Pomegranate rinds Sumach of each three drams Alum burnt half an ounce boyl them in Water and wash the Vlcer wel therewith Or Take the Juyce of the Bramble Plantane Nightshade Shepherds-staff of each four ounces the whites of six Eggs Alum four ounces destil them in a Leaden Alembick Let the Ulcer be washed and fomented with this Water and let the parts likewise that lie neer unto it be anoynted over with some Defensive After the Ulcer is thus washed let the Unguent Diapompholyx be laid thereon as also the white Camphorate Unguent and the Unguent de Minio Or Take Tutty prepared half an ounce burnt Lead Ceruss washed of each an ounce let them be wel mingled together in a Leaden Mortar pouring in unto them by little and little the Juyce or water of Plantane and make hereof a Mass afterwards add of Bolearmenick three drams Oyl of Roses and Wax of each as much as will suffice and make an Vnguent More of these like Medicaments shal be declared in the Chapter following Chap. 15. Of the Ulcer Phagedaena Phagedaena what it is ANd because as we have told you there is likewise mention made of Phagedaena among the Ulcers we shal therefore here in this Chapter explain it and shew you what it is It is so called from the Greek word Phagein from its Eating and this whether Tumor or Ulcer hath received its name from eating through and corroding because it eateth through the parts lying neer unto it And indeed it is properly an Ulcer But yet nevertheless in regard that the Lips of the Ulcer strutting forth with black Choler are lifted up into a Tumor it is therefore by some referred unto Tumors and there is mention hereof made by Galen in his Book of Tumors Chap. 14. But we wil treat here of it among Ulcers But yet nevertheless as touching its name this is to be noted that it is not alwaies taken in one and the same signification For somtimes as Galen tels us in Epidem 6. Comment 3. Text 37. Phagedaena signifieth an appetite unto and eating of much meat and hence by the Author of the Medicinal Definitions it is defined to be a Constitution in which Persons having an appetite unto much Food and devouring much thereof are not able to retein and keep it but when they have cast it up they again desire more and in this manner it is also defined by Aurelianus in the third Book of his Chronic. Chap. 3. So that Phagedaena being taken in this manner and in this sence is nothing else but that we cal the Dog-like appetite And therefore Pliny in his Book 20. Chap. 5. 13. and in his Book 30. Chap. 9. and Book 35. Chap. 13.
often washed in rose-Rose-water and with the Oyl of Roses make a Liniment Or Take Oyl of Lin-seed Oyl of Olives of each one ounce and half Salt half an ounce the Whites of two Eggs Mingle them c. Or Take May Butter unsalted Venice Sope and Varnish of each a like quantity Mingle them c. Or Take Oyl of Roses three ounces Camphire three drams the Whites of three Eggs and mingle them Or Take the Juyce of Onions three ounces Oyl of Roses fresh Butter the fat of a Hog of each one ounce Lime washed in Rose water half an ounce the Mucillage of Quince seeds extracted with Rose-water one ounce a little Turpentine and make a Liniment Or Take the middle Rind of green Elder one ounce and half the juyce of the first shoots of Elder one ounce Oyl of Linseed and Roses of each six drams Varnish and Hogs Fat of each one ounce Wax one ounce and half Frankincense pulverized one ounce boyl them a little while in Water and when they be cooled gather the fat together and make use thereof instead of an Vnguent Of Lime often even twelve times washed and the former water alwaies thrown away there may be made many Unguents very good against Burnings for either it is mingled with fresh Butter or Oyl of Roses or Oyl of St. Johns wort and somtimes there are other things added as the Mucilage of Quince Seeds of Fleawort the white of an Egg and white Wax These things are likewise very good Take the Juyce of the middle rind of the Elder one ounce and half Cream of Milk one pint boyl them to a Just consistence and then add of the Mucilage of Quince Seeds the extracted water of Nightshade unsalted Butter and Ceruss of each half an ounce mingle them and make an Vnguent Or Take Oyl of Linseed four ounce new Wax two ounces whites of Eggs as much as wil suffice mingle them over the fire and make an Vnguent For the healing of all kind of Burnings this is likewise very prevalent Take Oyl Olive one part whites of Eggs two parts let them be shaked together with all exactness and care and throughly mingled together that so a white Vnguent may be made thereof with the which the burnt place is oftentimes every day to be anoynted wiâ—h a Capons Feather even until the Crust shal fal off of its own accord neither is there here any External ligature to be made use of Ambrose Parry in his Parisian Nosocomium writeth that this following hath been made use of with very good success Take Lard small shred one pound let it melt in Rose water and then let it be strained through a thin Linen Cloth let it be washed four times in Plantane water or some other convenient water and afterward add the Yelks of three new-laid Eggs and so make an Vnguent Or Take Crawfish as many as you please bruise them to pieces alive in a Mortar and afterwards take new fresh Butter make it boyling hot and then scum it whilest it is yet hot cast in the mashed Crawfish and boyl them until they wax a little red afterward strain it and let this Vnguent be kept for use for it is singularly good Omnibonus Ferrarius in his fourth Book of the Art of Curing Infants and Chap. 25. commendeth this that followeth as a rare secret and such as he himself had oftentimes made tital of with very good and happy success although the Pustules were already raised Viz. Take the whites of two Eggs Oyl of Roses two ounces Rose water one ounce Mingle them together exactly Afterwards let a white linen Cloth or silk that is very thin woven being first throughly wet and soaked in that Liniment be laid upon the burnt part and not at all taken off untill the Malady be healed but only let the Linen Cloth be again anoynted over and wel wet with the said Liniment twice or thrice every day After the fourth day is past in the place of the Whites of Eggs take the Yelks of the same and continue the use hereof untill there be seen to appear the breeding of a new Scars-skin and then with a pair of Cizers let the little Cloth be from day to day cut off by some and some where it shall appear that this new Scarf-skin is generated until at length the whole Cloth be cut away which when it is wholly taken away there will appear no sign or mark at all of any hurt or burning Or Take the middle rind of the Elder as much as you wil boyl it in the Oyl of Olives when it is strained add of Ceruss two parts burnt Lead and Litharge of each one part Mingle them exactly in a Leaden Mortar And yet nevertheless this is to be observed touching al Unguents that they ought to be so ordered that they may not stick over stifly and too close unto the part but so that they may easily be cleansed and removed Neither indeed wil these kind of Ulcers admit of a strong and exact cleansing but they must only be wiped clean by putting a fine thin and soft Linen Cloth upon the part and so cleansing it from its filth and purulency But if the Unguents stick too close they then cause much pain unto the Party and much trouble to the Physitian in his cleansing away of the filth and impurities If the Blisters or Pustules be elevated and yet notwithstanding the Malady never a whit more grievous than before they are not then immediately to be opened for if they be presently opened by reason of the Skins being made naked and bare there wil a pain be excited and the Cure wil be the longer ere it be wrought But at length on the third day when the new Scarf-skin beginneth to be formed and bred then they are to be opened but this opening must not be long in doing lest that the humor within conteined be made the sharper and so it corrode and eat through the Skin Unto this first degree there belongeth for the most part Burning by Gun-pouder for it there be greater store of the Gun-powder the hurt wil be so much the more vehement that burning that happeneth by means of Gun-powder which oftentimes hath this peculiar unto it that some Corns of the said Powder wil remain and stick fast in the Skin of the Face and there cause a great deformity Which if it so chance for otherwise if the part be only hurt by the flame of the said Powder and that there be no Corns thereof driven into and fixed in the Skin it is then to be healed and cured like as other Burnings forthwith the Corns of Powder are to be drawn forth with a Needle or some other Instrument fit for the purpose but if they cannot be al of them presently drawn forth we must then permit the Pustules to be lift up for so by this means some of these grains of Powder may be the more easily drawn forth But if the Chirurgeon be not
a wollen Cloth be wee therein and so imposed upon the place affected it hath likewise been happily and successfully administred in the Gangrene of the Cods of which we have spoken above Take Vitriol one ounce the tops of the Oake one handful Frankincense half an ounce Camphyre two drams Vrine two pints and half boyl them to the Consumption of a third part and then strain them But the Aegypriack Unguent is not alone to be applied but upon the Unguent that Cataplasm is also to be imposed which resolveth drieth and hindreth putrefaction such an one as Johannes de Vigo in his second Book first Tract and seventh Chapter describeth and commendeth and which many other Physitians and Chirurgeons now a daies likewise make use of And all these are to be applied blood-warm and they are so long to be continued untill the putridness be removed But if the Malady wil not yield unto these Remedies then we are to have recourse unto those that are stronger to wit Causticks such as those Trochisques of Andro Polyidas Musa and Pafio which dissolved in Vinegar and Wine may be imposed upon the part Many indeed do here commend and prefer Arsenick before all other Remedies but Gulielmus Fabricius doth and not without good Cause reject and altogether disallow of it in the Cure of a Gangrene as that that not only hath in it a Septick and putrefying faculty and a quality of melting the flesh as it were but that likewise produceth very great and grievous Symptoms vehement pain Dotings Syncope's and the like the malignant vapours being communicated unto the principal part It is therefore more safe to make use of an actuall Cautery as that which hindereth and preventeth putridness drieth and corroborateth the part This is also much commended Take Mercury dissolve it in Aqua fortis when it is dissolved precipitate it the Oyl of Tartar after it is precipitated wash it Or Mercury alone dissolved and mingled with the Water of the Trinity Flowers and wollen Cloaths wet in this Liquor may be imposed on the part The Crust in what manner soever it be produced is to be taken away by those Medicaments that have been above declared in the first Part and Chap. 13. touching a Carbuncle Neither are we to wait so long til Nature shal altogether have separated the Corrupt from the Sound but the highest part of the Crust is with the edge of a Knife or a Penknife to be cut even unto the sound part that so there may be a way made for the Medicaments unto the deeper parts and the rest that are corrupted For if we expect until the Crust shal be freed of its own accord it may possibly happen that under the Crust a new putridness may be contracted The rest of the Cure is in the same order to be proceeded in as is fit to be done in Ulcers Fourthly If the Gangrene happen from overmuch heat A Gangrene from too much heat then a Cold Diet being prescribed and the hot humors being duly qualified and evacuated if the Malady take its original from an internal Cause the Member affected is to be scarified and then washed with such a Decoction as this Take the Water of Endive Sorrel Lettice Nightshade and Vinegar of each one pint Syrup of Sorrel two pound of Lupines half an ounce Water Germander half a handful Salt three ounces boyl them till a third part be consumed After this the Aegyptiack Unguent and the Cataplasm but even now mentioned is to be imposed and the rest which were before prescribed are speedily to follow Where notwithstanding this is to be observed that unless in case of urgent necessity we must not have recourse unto the actual Câ—utery lest that hereby to wit by the power and force of the fire the extraneous heat which is the Cause of the Gangrene be augmented Fifthly and lastly If the Gangrene arise from the defect of Aliment and Blood and Spirits A Gangrene by reason of an Atrophy in the part and chiefly in truth if it be by reason of a Driness and an Atrophy necessaâ—ry Nutriment being denied unto the part then meats that are hot and moist easie of Digestion and such as generate much and good blood are to be given unto the sick Person and outwardly the body is likewise to be moistened with Oyntmentâ— of sweet Oyl or with Oyl of sweet Almonds and all things are carefully to be avoided that exsiccate and dry the body And unto the part it self that is already affected with the Gangrene the Aliment is by all manner of means to be attracted And therefore here there is no place left for Defensives in regard that they shut and stop up all passage of the blood and Spirits unto the part affected And therefore we are not only to anoynt the part affected and the other members with the Juyce of Earth-worms which is made of the said Earth-worms first washed in Water and then in Wine so put into a great Vessel with good store of the Oyl of sweet Almonds Violets and melted by a gentle and moderate heat over hot Embers and afterwards strained which is a sprecial and soveraign Remedy in the Atrophy and extenuation of the parts but the part affected is therwith likewise gently to be rubbed and chafed unto which also Cupping-glasses not scarified are to be applied But it wil be most fit and requisite if there be already present a putridness to administer those things that do alike both attract and resist putridness such as are Salt Water boyled with Water-Germander Liquid Pitch with the meal of Lupines of the bitter Vetch Orobus Myrrh and the like But if the Gangrene hath already made any progress the part is then to be scarified and the Aegyptiack Unguent and that likewise that is compounded of Pitch and those other things a little before mentioned are to be laid thereon A Gangrene from the interception of the blood spirits Moreover If the Gangrene happen from the interception of the Blood and the Spirits likewise whatsoever the Cause then be that thus intercepteth the blood and the spirits it is immediately to be taken away as if the said interception be from the binding of the part it is forthwith to be loosened and withal those Medicaments that resist putridness as likewise those that discuss that that is corrupted such as are those that are made of the Meal of Beans of the bitter Vetch Orobus of Lupines Aloes Water-Germander and the like are to be imposed And if the Gangrene hath already gotten unto any heighth the place is to be scarified and those other things that are required in al Gangrenes are to be done If an astringent and repelling Medicament be the Cause the said Medicament being removed the heat is to be recalled by Frictions Lotions and Anointings And so we must also proceed in the Gangrene that hath its original from other Causes that intercept the Spirits For the Cure of the Gangrene
and depraved humor by Nature her self thrust unto some Member should be able suddenly to mortifie and deaden it Certain it is that a potential Cautery of Lye out of which Sope is made doth within the space of an hour or at the utmost in two hours time mortifie that part upon which it is imposed whenas notwithstanding it is made only out of the Salt of Woods and of unslaked Lime What wonder is it therefore that some humor of the same Nature salt sharp and malignant being now separated acting a part by it self from the rest by the which it was tempered and qualified as Hippocrates tels us in his Book of the Ancient Physick should effect somewhat like unto the former Of all those that have been affected with the Scorbutick Gangrene of whom I made mention before no one ever recovered besides that Citizen that was taken with a Gangrene in the little Finger of his left Hand he himself being as I saw good cause to judg of him a Scorbutick person Now the Medicaments by which he was cured are these that follow Take of the Apoplectick Water and the Spirit of Juniper berries of each two ounces the Spirit of Wormwood and of Cherries of each half an ounce Sage water and Lavender water of each one ounce Mingle them This Water was oftentimes prepared with the which the affected part was washed or else Linen Cloaths moistened therein were laid upon the part Take Conserve Cochlear two ounces and half of Betony and Sage of each one ounce and half of the temperate Cordial Species and pleres archont of each one scruple Rob. of Juniper two drams Syrup of Betony one ounce Make an Electuary Take Conser Cochlear three ounces of Sage two ounces Species Dyaxyloaloes one dram the Candid Rinds of Citron half an ounce Rob. Juniper two drams with the Syrup of Betony make an Electuary Take Oyl of Juniper berries one ounce Oyl of Earthworms two ounces Oyl of Flowerdeluce one ounce Mingle them Take the Essence of Carduus Benedictus and of Wormwood of each two drams Cochlear half an ounce the Elixir of propriety one dram the Spirit of Water Cresses one scruple mingle them Take of Fennel root and Asparagus root of each half an ounce Pimpernel two drams the Herb Harts Tongue one handful Germander and Groundpine or Herb Ivy and Dodder of each half a handful Anise and Fennel seeds of each two drams Juniper berries two drams and half the Flowers of Bugloss and Liverwort of each one pugil Raisins cut small one ounce boyl them in Spring Water unto seven or eight ounces unto the straining ad of Sugar two ounces and half And then again let it boyl once or twice unto the Consistence of a liquid Syrup and then add of Cinnamom water half an ounce and mingle them Take Asparagus Roots and Fennel Roots of each half an ounce Pimpernel and Succory of each two drams and half the Herb Maiden-hair Agrimony Harts Tongues Germander of each half a handful Anise seed Columbines of each two drams Borrage and Bugloss flowers of each half a pugil boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Water unto half a pint unto the straining add of the whitest Sugar two ounces and again let them boyl up once or twice and make hereof a liquid Syrup unto which ad of Cinamom water half an ounce and mingle them Take the Trochisques of Capars and of Rheubarb of each one scruple and half Extract of Womwood and Gentian of each one scruple Oyl of Cinnamom two dâ—ops make Pils Take Trochisques of Rheubarb Capars Lacca of each two scruples Extract of Wormwood and Gentian of each one scruple of Spleen-wort as much as wil suffice and make Pills hereof Take Pills of Tartar with Scammony and of Rheubarb of each one scruple Extract of the Pils Aggregative half a scruple Oyl of CloveS one drop with Betony water make Pils Take the Elixir of propriety with the Juyce one dram Essent Cochlear two drams of Germander Spleenwort and Wormwood of each one dram and mingle c. Take Lawrel leaves Betony Sage and Marjoram of each two handfuls to wash the Hand withall Take Trochisques of Rheubarb and Capars of each one scruple Extract of Succory half a dram Centaury the less and Carauus Benedictus of each half a scruple Make Pills forty five Take Leaves of Betony Bay leaves Marjoram Sage Rosemary of each two handfuls Flowers of Elder and Lavender of each one handful Staechados of Aâ—abiâ— half an ounce boyl them in Wine to foment the Hand therewith Take of the Nerve Emplaster three ounces destilled Oyl of Sage one scruple of Marjoram half a scruple Mingle them and make an Emplaster Take the Elixir of propriety two scruples Essent Cochlear and of Germander of each two drams of Elecampane and Lign Aloes of each half a scruple Mingle them c. Take the Leaves of Lawrel and Betony of each two handfuls Marjoram Sage Organy of each one handful Flowers of the Arabian Staechados half an ounce boyl them in Wine for a fomentation of the Hand Take the opening Roots half an ounce Agrimony half a handful Leaves of the choycest Sene one ounce Mechoacan half an ounce Ginger one dram and half boyl them in Spring water in four ounces of the straining dissolve half an ounce of Manna and then strain it again adding thereto one ounce of Sugar and make a Syrup This Cataplasm was likewise made use of Take Bean meal one ounce Pouder of Water-Germander Rue Sage Wormwood of each half an ounce and make a Cataplasm The little Finger with that next unto it the Ring-finger was oftentimes anoynted with the Oyl of Earthworms which is made by putting the said Earthworms washed into a Glass then enclosing the Glass in a Mass of Dough bake it in an Oven and the Liquor that cometh from these baked Worms gather it together and filtrate it But for the Curing of the Ulcer in the little Finger after the Gangrene we used this Unguent Take Oyl of Bays Honey Turpentine of each two drams May Butter Gum Elemi one dram Mingle c. Another Cure A certain Noble Person having had his Foot wrung with his shoe in that very place where the hurt had bin there arose a black Pustule in the sole of the right Foot Which he not much regarding there instantly followed a Gangrene which in that place seized upon the Flesh Which so soon as it was observed the affected flesh was presently scarified and the Pustule being cut with a pair of Cizers the Aegyptiack Unguent was imposed upon the part affected After this the Defensive of Vigo was applied unto the Foot which is in this manner prepared Take Oyl of Roses Omphacine and Myrtles of each three ounces the Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each two ounces boyl them to the Consumption of the Juyces and then strain them Add of white Wax one ounce and half Meal of Lentiles Bean meal and Barley meal of each half an ounce
of all the Saunders of each two drams and half Bolearmenick one ounce the Berries and Leaves of Myrtle of each one dram Mingle them and make an Vnguent with the which let the part affected be anoynted Upon this Unguent there were imposed Linen Cloaths wel wet in the Water following and they were often renewed Take Barbers Ley two Quarts of Lupines grossy beaten three handfuls boyl them until the Lupines become soft let the Ley be strained and in the straining dissolve of Saffron two scruples Mingle them The Scarification of the place affected and the laying on of the Aegyptiack Unguent together with the Defensive was thrice repeated the first day the Water that was likewise applied The day following the corrupt flesh was cut forth and the same helps and Remedies administred The third day the corrupted flesh being wholly removed the following Digestive was imposed Take of pure Honey two ounces of Bean meal two drams of Choice Myrrh half an ounce the Whites of two Eggs Saffron six grains Mingle them and make an Vnguent And together with the foregoing Unguent there was likewise administred the Emplaster of Vigo such a one as this Take Bean meal the Meal of the bitter Vetch Orobus of Lentiles of Lupines of each four ounces Juyce of Wormwood six drams common Salt half an ounce Oxymel simplex as much as wil suffice boyl them over a gentle Fire and make an Emplaster The use of these Medicaments being for some daies continued the sick person was thereby perfectly cured Hitherunto touching Ulcers in general and particularly concerning the Gangrene and Sphacelus both that Species of them which we term Scorbutick as also those other that are so wel and commonly known It remaineth that in the next place we speak something of what is oftentimes amiss in the Skin Hair and Nails THE FIFTH BOOK THE THIRD PART Of the Vices of the Skin Hair and Nails SECT I. Of the Vices of the Skin Chap. 1. Of the color of the Skin changed in general and in special touching that blackness that is contracted from the Sun NATURE being very sollicitous and careful in the preservation of the health of Mans Body doth alwaies that which is for the best and therefore she expelleth the vitious humors that are heaped up in the body from the principal Members and the greater Vessels unto the more external parts and the superficies of the body from whence there arise many kinds of Tumors Tubercles and Pustules as likewise divers sorts of Ulcers as also divers kinds of spots and blemishes and changes of the color Whereas therefore we have already treated in the first and second Part of Tumors Tubercles Pustules and Ulcers and withal made mention there of the Measles smal Pox and certain other spots and blemishes as there is is to be seen we wil now handle those things that remain in this Part and withal we wil treat of the Vices that is to say whatsoever is amiss in the Hairs and Nails The changes of the color of the Skin And in the first place indeed for what concerneth the Vices and blemishes of the Skin the changes of its color are many and various First they are Universal and of the whol body as in the Cachexy Scurvy yellow Jaundice the white Feaver of Virgins commonly called the Green-sickness touching which we have elsewhere spoken Secondly they are particular and of some one part of the body as in a Suggillation Erysipelas Gutta Rosacea Impetigo Lichen Vitiligines touching al which we have already spoken in our handling of Tumors as also the blackness contracted from the burning of the Sun those spots and blemishes appearing in the faces of Women great with child as those they cal Ephelides and Lentigines which are spots and blemishes of a dark and reddish color that in their color and figure do very much resemble Lentilâ—s And moreover likewise those spots and blemishes which are contracted from the very birth and infancy touching which we are now to speak And first of al among these blemishes we wil speak somthing of that affect which they cal Ephelius that is to say heat-wheals or smal hard pushes in the face Where notwithstanding we must give you to understand as a little before we told you likewise that many of the Tubercles Spots and Blemishes of this kind although they are now with us commonly and generally wel known yet nevertheless by what names these like Affects were called by the Ancients is not so wel and sufficiently known And this appeareth even out of Celsus who in his sixth Book and Chap. 5. thus writeth The regarding of these Vari or Pimples Lenticulae or Freckles and Ephelides so as to cure them is but a meer folly and foppery saith he but yet nevertheless it is likewise a thing altogether impossible to take from Women the care they have of the beauty and handsomness of their faces Now then of those that we mentioned before the Vari and Lenticulae are commonly known although that species be somwhat more rare which the Greeks cal Phacos since that kind is a Lenticula somwhat more red and more unequal But at for the Ephelis the most are generally ignorant as not wel knowing what it is it being indeed nothing else but a certain roughness and an hardness of an ill color The rest of them are to be found no where in the body but only in the face but the Lenticulae are wont likewise to arise and appear in some other part And I am altogether of opinion that even our very ordinary Women are sufficiently acquainted with these Affects which said Affects notwithstanding viz. Vari Lenticulae and Ephelides what Affects they were with the Ancients is not sufficiently manifest If the Ephelis that Galen mentioneth in his seventh Book of the faculty of simple Medicaments be written by the Greek Letter ' η then without all doubt it hath its name from the Sun so that they are certain spots contracted from the Sun But Celsus unless it be an error and mistake of the book writeth the word with the Greek Ï‚ Ephelis and saith that it is a roughness and hardness of an evil color which wel agreeth not with those spots Eustachius Rudius in his second Tract second Book and Chap. 4. of the Affects of the external parts saith that the Greeks Ephelis is Panus and that Panus indeed may infect any part whatsoever of the body especially the Groyns the Abdomen the Back the Neck and the middle Region of the Breast but for the most part nevertheless as he writeth it defileth the very Forehead it self But in regard that Celsus reckons up the Ephelis among those Affects that never appear but in the Face we have therefore determined above in the first Part and 29. Chapter that those broad spots that appear about the Groyns Breast Abdomen Back and Neck and dye the said parts with a certain kind of duskishness that is one while somwhat greenish and another
distemper of the Bowels and maketh for the generating of good blood is a fit and proper Course of Diet. Lee the Air be temperate inclining unto cold and moist and the Meats of a good Juyce of an easie Concoction and that are not easily corrupted these may be altered with Borrage Endive and especially Lettice which last procureth also sleep which in this Affect is very requisite and useful But all such meats as are Sharp Salt Bitter Sour Sweet Fat and most of all fried meats are to be shunned and avoided As touching Topicks for the mitigating and moderating of the Itch it self and for the tempering of the humors Acrimony and likewise for discussing of the humors a Bath of sweet Water made blood-warm is of singular use in the which the sick Person may sit for half an hour or a whole hour in the morning fasting because that it doth at once temper the heat and driness of the Bowels and withall rarefie the Pores But the Medicinal Baths to wit those of Sulphur c. are more useful in the stronger discussing of the matter and it wil not be amiss by turns one while to make use of a Bath of sweet blood-warm Water and another while of that that is salt and sulphury For so by this means both the Itch shal be mitigated the Pores loosned and the excrements in the Skin Cleansed away and evacuated But for discussion we may likewise make use of either common Oyl or Oyl of sweet Almonds with Salt and Sulphur as also Oleum Costinum or Oyl of bitter Costus Or else the body may be washed with the Decoction of Smallage Parietary the sharp Dock root the Seed of the bitter Vetch Orobus Lupines White Cicers Bran. Or Take Lupine meal three ounces Sulphur two ounces mingle them with Vinegar and anoynt the body therewith Or Take Litharge Sulphur Turpentine of each one ounce and half the Juyce of Mallows and Parietary of each one ounce Oyl of Cinnamom as much as you think fit and mingle them But then after the use of such like things as have been mentioned the sick Person must make use of a blood-warm Bath of sweet Water More hereof may be seen in the first Part Chap. 27. touching Scabbiness since that most of those Medicaments that Cure the Scabs and especially the dry Scabbiness they are likewise useful in the Itch. Chap. 9. Of the ill and offensive Smell ANd lastly among the Affects of the Skin we must not pass over in silence that stinking and offensive smel that is sometimes wont to breathe forth out of the external parts of the body through the Skin and to be very offensive not only to the By-standers but unto the Person himself also whosoever he be that is troubled therewith For the body of man whiles it continueth in its right state smelleth not at all neither doth it send forth any favor that may by any one be perceived For every living Creature whatever it be doth breathe forth some kind of Smel proper unto its own kind as Theophrastus teacheth us in his Book of Smels and this he proveth by experience by which we see that Dogs find out and follow their Masters foot-steps by the help they have from this smel and wild Beasts likewise do the same in seeking their Prey But yet nevertheless if any smel shal be perceived to come from any one this is a thing that is preternatural as being beyond and besides Natures Intent And as for what Plutarch writeth in the life of Alexander the Great that the body of the said Alexander sent forth a sweet and pleasant smell this is a thing very rare unless haply it come more from the Cloaths then the body But that ill and stinking smels do oftentimes proceed from Mans body is a thing wel known by frequent observation Now the places from whence the offensive smel cometh are the Mouth the Arm-pits the Privy Parts but more especially the Feet But that the Ears and the Nosethrils likewise do sometimes stink this proceedeth from the Ulcers that are in them Yet sometimes notwithstanding there exhaleth forth a stinking offensive smel even out of the whole body of him that is thus affected as for the stink of the Mouth we have already spoken thereof in Book 2. Part 1. Chap. 19. But now it is not our Intent here in the general to dispute of the Nature of smels what it is and likewise by what means the sweet or unsâ—vory very smel is generated in regard this may be known from Philosophical and Physical Discourses In this place it is sufficient that we know that this offensive smel and stink proceedeth from a superfluous humidity putrefying and exhaling such a like vapor Hircus The stinking smel of the Arm-pits is called Hircus Avicen Septima quinti Tract 3. Chap. 23. tels us That there are some who assert that the Remainders of the Seed that were superfluous in Generation and brought into this place are the cause of this stinking and offensive smel Which Opinion although that Avicen rejectech it and that by others the cause of this smel is said to be the astriction of the pores of the Skin in that place by reason of which the vapors cannot freely breathe through and exhale yet notwithstanding this constriction or shutting up of the Pores is not sufficient for if it were so then this Affect should be most familiar unto old people And this opinion albeit thus rejected by Avicen doth not in any thing seem to be absurd For we know well that this Affect is most familiar unto Virgins that are marriageable if at any time they grow hot with motion And that the Testicles and the Seed have in them a full power of imprinting such an offensive and stinking smel upon the blood we may sufficiently know it from Goats and other living Creatures that are gelded Yet nevertheless this feat smel is most especially familiar unto those that have very moist bodies because that moisture is most obnoxious unto putridness For although that all the blood do not putrefie yet notwithstanding about the Emunctories the excrementitious vapors are apt and very ready to receive the putridness The offensive smel of the privy parts in some And for the very same cause the privy parts of many yieldeth the like offensive strong smel by reason of excrementitious humors which from the Liver and the Veins are thrust forth unto the Emunctories that are seated in the Groyns from which stinking vapors do exhale Stinking Feet The Feet likewise of some have a very feat and strong smel and truly be said to stink For whereas Nature is wont to thrust forth the excrementitious humors unto these external parts the Feet being so covered and shod that the vapors exhaling from them cannot freely expire and breathe forth they then and there receive a putridness and from thence that stink is contracted And lastly but this is very rare the whole body stinketh unless
take care that by appointing a due meet course of Diet there may be generated sufficient store of good blood But for the drawing of this unto the place affected frictions are more especially to be made use of Yea indeed almost before the use of any Topicks the frictions or rubbing of the head are to be administred as Galen teacheth us in his first Book of the Composition of Medicaments according to the places Chap. 2. For Friction doth both attract the Aliment unto the head and also strengthen and thicken the skin If this falling of the hair proceed from the pravity of the humors then universal purgations if need require being first premised the head is often to be rubbed and discussives are to be administred but yet let the Discussers be moderate especially if there be a concurrence of an abundant aliment left that by the excessive and overmuch use of them the aliment be likewise dissipated and the skin rendered over thin and therefore Ladanum is very fitly mingled together with the Unguents If the Defluvium depend wholly upon the thinness of the skin then we ought to apply those things that condense and thicken the skin Galen commendeth especially Ladanum the Oyl of Mastick and the Oyl of Myrtle mingled together Or else let Ladanum be dissolved in Wine and so made use of And Ladanum is also very fitly administred in almost every falling off of the hair But in regard that it is of too thick consistence in it self to be anointed with it is therefore to be dissolved in somthing that is liquid Wine or Oyl and indeed such an Oyl is to be made choyce of that may satisfie and answer the cause But seeing that Unguents and Oyls are troublesom unto many who wil not endure that their heads should be anointed with Oyntments or Oyls therefore for these we must provide Lotions for the head that please them better which are to be made or Southernwood Maidenhair Golden Maidenhair Mastick Roses Rosemary Ladanum And we must here again repeat what we gave you notice of about the end of the foregoing Chapter to wit That there are some who appoint and not without good reason such kind of Medicaments to be made for the recovery of the hair that do not only by a manifest quality take away the cause of the shedding of the hair but such as also by an occult and peculiar faculty do conduce unto the breeding of hair and such as these are only known by experience And these are al the Capillary Herbs Southernwood Reed root sharp-dock root the root of the greater Bur Asarabacca Ladanum Honey and Water destilled from it Bees beaten together with the Honey-combs or the pouder and ashes of them aâ— also of Wasps Flyes Moles Mice the Land Urchin Bears fat and Serpents fat Of which there are made many Compositions As for instance Take the Rind of the Reed root burnt Bees ashes of each two drams Southernwood burnt one dram Ladanum two drains Honey half an ounce Oyl of sweet Almonds and Bears fat of each as much as wil suffice and make a Liniment For the shedding of the hair after sicknesses this following is found to be good Take Maidenhair Southernwood Golden Maidenhair of each half a handful the Leaves of Myrtle of Roses and of Wormwood of each two pugils boyl them in a sufficient quantity of common Oyl and red Wine until the Wine be wasted then strain and squeeze them hard Take of the aforesaid Oyl four ounces Ladanum one ounce Mastick half an ounce and mingle them according to art Or Take Root of the Bur-dock six ounces Maidenhair three handfuls Southernwood one handful Pour thereunto as much white Wine as wil suffice and let them be destilled in a bladder Vnto what is thus destilled if you please you may add the Water of Honey Or else let the Roots of the Bur-dock be boyled in Ley and the head washed therewith Chap. 4. Of Alopecia and Ophiasis Alopecia THat which is called Alopecia and Ophiasis is a peculiar kind of the falling of the Hair Alopecia is so termed from Foxes because that this kind of shedding of the Hair is familiar unto them But Ophiasis is so called from its figure Ophiasis because that the bald and smooth parts destitute of their Hair and writhed seem like unto Serpents It is common unto both these Affects that in them the Hairs fall off areatim as they term it and hence it is likewise that this Malady is in the general called Area And Celsus in one and the same Chapter treateth of Area Area Alopecia and Ophiasis Now the name of Area is imposed upon this Affect from Country Garden-plats For as there the Beds or quarters are distinct and in certain places only and as these Beds when they are void of Plants are Naked and bare so it is likewise in these Areae for here in certain places the Skin appeareth smooth bare and slippery These Affects differ only in their figure For Alopecia hath no certain figure but as Celsus saith is dilated under any kind of figure But the Ophiasis creepeth up and down writhingly like unto a Serpent and one while being extended from the hinder part of the Head it creepeth along on both sides the Head even unto the Ears the breadth almost of two fingers and as soon again being carried beyond the Ears it creepeth forward Serpent-like even unto the very Forehead it self And moreover there is in the Ophiasis far more hurt and danger in the Cause thereof so that not only the roots of the Hair but even the Skin it self also is eaten and gnawn thorow to wit as far as the roots of the Hair reach The definition of Alopecia and Ophiasis And so Alopecia and Ophiasis may be thus defined that they are a falling off of the Hair after the aforesaid manner areatim having its Original from a corrupt and depraved humor gnawing assunder the roots of the Hair The Author of the Book of Medicaments soon provided referreth the Alopecia and Ophiasis unto those Affections that vitiate and marr the Colour of the Hair But we are to know that this is not proper unto the said Areal falling off of the Hair but that this change of Color in the Hair doth either precede the Alopecia and Ophiasis to wit when from a vitious Nutriment the Hair first becometh white but afterwards they fall off or else the colors of the Hair are changed after the Alopecia and Ophiasis For when after the Areae Hairs are again bred they are then either white or yellow like as it is in Horses after that the hair is fallen off by reason of some Ulcer caused by attrition or gauling there is wont in the place thereof to appear and grow again white hairs which happeneth from a vitious Nutriment and the weakness of the Skin And of this Celsus gives us notice in his sixth Book Chapter 1. to wit that the Ophiasis is extended unto the Hair
cal Pityriasis Scurf and Dandrif and which is by the Latines called likewise Porrigo is an Affect wherein when there is any scratching there falleth down out of the Skin of the Head something very like unto Bran and indeed most usually from the Skin that is under the very hairs themselves and sometimes also from the Beard and the Eyebrows The Causes The Cause of this Affect are humors that are serous or wheyish and also Ichores or thin Excrements not only such as are flegmatick but such as are Cholerick also elevated unto the Head together with that humor that yieldeth and supplieth matter unto the hairs and hence it is that this furfuration or scurfiness doth appear only in those places of the head that have hair upon them for this matter seeking a passage forth through the Pores of the Skin the thinner parts of them are discussed but the more thick and Clammy parts stick in the Skin about the hairs and there they pass into a matter that is like unto Bran or Scales The antecedent Causes are all those that may any way generate thâ—â—â— serous humors in the Head But now the mater 〈◊〉 attracted and drawn unto the Head in those especially that have a hot Brain Signs Diagnostick The Affect it self sufficiently manifesteth and discovereth it self when the Head is Scratcht Rub'd or Comb'd for then there fal down certain smal scales resembling Bran. The Prognostick This Affect hath no danger at all Joyned with it yea by some it is accounted for a very good Sign of a sound Brain expelling and driving forth the excrements from it self and yet nevertheless it causeth some kind of deformity and much trouble The Cure The vitious humors if they abound in the body are to be evacuated and care taken that they may no more be generated But unto the Head it self Discussive Medicaments are to be administred There are some likewise that therewith mingle some certain Astringents that the part affected may be strengthened lest that it easily receive the humor that floweth thereunto But then it is to be feared lest that the transpiration in the Head be hindred and the excrements therein contained excite far worse and more grievous Maladies And therefore as Galen in his first Book of the Composit of Medicaments according to the places Chap. 5. teacheth us the Head is to be washed with the Decoction of Fenugreek the Juyce of Beets and Nitre Or else it is to be Cleansed with the Decoction of Melon Seed the meal of Cicers Lupines and Beans Or else let it be washed with the Decoction of Cicers and Melons adding thereto a little Vinegar When the Head is washing in stead of Soap bitter Almonds bruised may be made use of If the Malady be confirmed and wil not yield let the Head be first washed with the Medicaments but just now mentioned and after this let it be rub'd with a course Cloth and then anoynted with this following Unguent Take Green Hyssop Ducks fat of each half an ounce the pulp of Coloquintida Oleum Cherrinum or the Oyl of Wall-flowers of each one ounce Thapsia two drams Ladanum two ounces and make an Vnguent Or else let the Head be washed with the Decoction of Beets and the lesser Centaury adding thereto Vinegar and Honey Or Take Marshmallow roots the Leaves of Beets of each one handful Pulp of Coloquintida half an ounce Nitre two drams boyl all in a sufficient quantity of Water to the Consumption of the fourth part and in the end add of Wine one pint After the Washing let the Head be anoynted with the following Unguent Take Copperas and the Gall of a Bull of each one dram and half Nitre and Sulphur of each two drams Oyl of Roses two ounces Mingle them over a gentle fire and adding thereto a sufficient quantity of Wax make a soft Vnguent You may see more of these Medicaments in the place before alleadged out of Galen and likewise in Paulus Aegineta and Alexander Trallianus Chap. 9. Of Plica Polonica ANd lastly among the Vices of the hair we must not in silence pass over that which although indeed not known in all places yet nevertheless may very wel be accounted the chief of them all It is called Plica to wit because that in it the hairs are wholly entangled one within another and by the Polonians Gvvodzicc that is a Club and by the Roxolani it is termed Koltun which signifieth a little Stake or small Post whereupon it is also by some called Helotis Others call it the Disease of the Locks the Germans Wichtelzopffe because they superstitiously conceived that such like Locks of hair were entwisted by Infants dying unbaptized for these by the Ancients were called Wichteln as likewise Mareuflecht Marenwirckung Marenlocht Schrottlinszopffe Indlezoppffe because they were thought to be knit and twisted by some Incubus in the likeness of a Jew This Disease is very familiar and as it were Epidemical especially unto the Polonians insomuch that Necessity enforceth them to ask the advice and to implore the assistance of the Physitians of Padua I had rather therefore give you the History hereof in the very words of these Physitians then in mine own Now therefore thus writeth D. Laurentius Starnigelius Rector of the University of Zamoscium and Professor of Rhetorick unto the Physitians Profesors of the University of Padua the last day of October in the yeer 1599. Excellent and Worthy Sirs our most dear and greatly to be respected Friends IN regard of that neer and Intimate acquaintance that we gained during our Converse and abode in the lowest Sarmatia with you most Excellent and Noble Doctors by reason of that common bond and tie which the best of Arts had knit between us and your Excellencies I the Rector of the lately erected Vniversity at Zamoscium held my self bound to write unto you my Noble and ever honored Friends famous indeed and renowned not only by the antiquity and eminency of the most Noble Vniversity of Padua but also far more enabled and dignified by your Learning and Practise The Cause of this my writing unto you was given me by the Novelty of a Disease among us and the extream difficulty of Curing thereof My request is that you the most Eminent Professors of the Vniversity of Padua would both please to read this my Epistle according to your wonted Candor and Courtesie and likewise when you have read the same that you would vouchsafe friendly to write back unto me your Advice and Judgment of what nature and quality you conceive the Disease to be what Precepts you think fit to be given touching the same what kind of Medicaments you Judg most expedient for the removing of the same The Case stands thus Betwixt Hungaria and Pocutium a Province of the Kindom of Polonia which are distinguished the one from the other by Mountains out of which there break forth divers Rivers it so happened that very many both Men and Women had one or
in Chap. 4. touching the Scurvy which proceeded from a Styptick Vapor contracting the Muscles moving the Larynx and as it were violently pulling them together In the Body the Back especially there appeared wan spots the Teeth were loose and indeed some of them were already faln out There was likewise continually to be seen in the hollow of his Hands a perpetuall redness proceeding no doubt from the heat and driness of the Liver and this arose from the unseasonable use of Medicaments heating and drying For he had not only for fourty daies together used the Decoction of China as is beforesaid but other Medicaments of the like Nature He lay whole Nights many times without any sleep at all There was likewise present a Fever that observed no course at al such as those are wont to be that accompany the Scurvy Such was this Patient when I first received him that for the recovery of his perfect health I could give him no assurance at al neither could I wel give him any certain hope of the preserving his life from a sudden death which continually threatened him But yet nevertheless in regard that he had come so far a Journey for his healths sake I endeavored what I could by my continued care and pains to effect his desire and to do him good and by the good hand of the Almighty assisting me I so wrought that his Belly was able again to do its office and that the excrements acquited again their natural consistence that the pains of the Belly and Joynts ceased and that the Arms and the Hands had likewise their motion restored them insomuch that the Noble Lord could not only perform other offices with his Arms and Hands but could likewise write Letters His Belly also that was altogether extenuated began again to increase and not only so but even also to grow fat again And yet notwithstanding there stil remained and pertinaciously persevered the Palsey of the Feet and their contraction which could not be taken away by any kind of Medicaments no not by the use of those admirable Baths to wit the Teplicenses into which he was put in the month of June in the yeer 1629. and as I conceive it wil hardly ever be wholly and perfectly cured Now the Medicaments that I made use of were directed unto these ends and purposes to wit that the Belly might again be made loose and soluble that the Cacochymy might by degrees be evacuated that the vice of the humors and the Scorbutick disposition of the Bowels might be amended by Antiscorbutick Medicaments and that the most urgent Symptoms might be quite removed and taken away As for what concerns the matter of Physick here to set down al the forms of those Medicaments which almost every day were administred it would be too tedious and not worth the while in regard that the same Indications stil abiding the very same Medicaments but yet nevertheless with often variation of the forms are frequently to be repeated in this long lasting and contumacious Disease We wil therefore only subjoyn the matter of those Medicaments that answer unto the Indications extracted from the forms which yet nevertheless were not al of them administred in al Medicaments but according unto the present condition and the Nature of the Circumstances somtimes these and then another while those were administred And yet notwithstanding we wil here add a form or two For the loosening of his Belly which unless some waies irritated would scarcely ever have done its office he had indeed as I told you before brought out of Italy great store of Aloes Rosat But when I perceived that by the use thereof his Intestines were but the more dried I disswaded him from the use of it And so instead thereof he often made use of Clysters unto the which his body had been much accustomed made of the Roots of Marsh-mallows Polypody of the Oak the Leaves of Feverfew of the Herb Mercury Bears-breech Mallows Marsh-mallows Centaury the less the flowers of Camomile and Elder Dill-seed Fenugreek seed Lin-seed Cummin-seed Electuar Diacatholic Diacartham Benedict Laxatâ—vâ— Hiera simplex Syrup of Roses Solutive Oyl of Camomile of Elder of white Lilies and Yelks of Eggs. But the Laxative Syrups were made of the Roots of Polypody of the Oak Fern Succory the Rinds of Tamarisque the Roots of Capars Fumitory Agrimony Endive Germander Spleenwort or Miltwaste the seeds of Carthamus Raisins Leaves of Sene Agarick Zedoary Galangal the Rinds of Citron the Cordial flowers Manna Cream of Tartar and Sugar as much of al these as shal suffice Pills of the Mass of Pass of Fabricius Aquapend with the Species of Diacartham For the correcting the vice of the humors and the amending of the Scorbutick disposition he made use of Antiscorbutick and opening Medicaments As for example Take of Scorbutick Water described in the third Book of our Practice four ounces of Spoonwort or Scurvygrass and Borrage of each one ounce Conserve of Spoonwort an ounce and half of Betony half an ounce Let them stand al night and strain them in the morning adding thereto of Tartar and Vitriol or the simple mixture of each half a dram and mingle them together Also Take the Juyce of Spoonwort newly pressed forth of Water Pimpernel or Brooklime and Water-Cresses of each a quart of Succory root newly Candied six ounces Salt of Tartar half a dram Let them stand digesting in a close Vessel for some daies and afterwards strain them unto the straining add of white Sugar four ounces Conserve of Borrage Betony and Fumitory of each two ounces let them stand again in digesting one whol day and night and afterward strain them Also Take of the simple Mixture one ounce and half Rob of Juniper one ounce Juyce of Spoonwort Water-Cresses Brooklime of each six ounces Species of Diarrhod Abbat two drams Syrup of Borrage of the lesser Gilliflower of Acetosit Citri of each one ounce and half Cinnamom Water half an ounce let them stand digesting and afterward pour out al thereof that is cleer Also Take of the simple Mixture one ounce and half Rob. Juniper two ounces Extract Calam. Aromat one scruple Saffron half a scruple Conserve of Spoonwort three ounces Fumiterry and Sorrel of each one ounce and half Juyce of the Citron new drawn four ounces Scorbutick Water six ounces Spoonwort Water four ounces Cinnamom Water half an ounce Let them stand in digestion and afterward strain them He made use likewise of the Pils of the Trochisques of Capars the Extract of Succory Spleenwort and Gentian and also Cream of Tartar Vitriolat There were likewise Rols prescribed for him of the Species of Aromat Rosat Abbat Diarrhodon Abbat Plires Archont Extract of Otrace Elecampane Erynus the Pouder of Bezoar as likewise this Pouder Take Species Dâ—aireos one dram Calam. Aromat the seed of Cresses Rocket Saffron of each one scruple Cinnamom one dram Cream of Tartar two drams make a Pouder He used Electuaries made of the Conserve
of Spoonwort Betony Sage Succory Germander Ground-pine Citron Rinds Candied the Root of Vipers Grass Candied Rob. Juniperi Confect Alcherm Syrup of Borrage Gilliflower Acetos Citri He made use also of the Wine of Spoonwort which is made if some handfuls of Spoonwort while it is yet green be bruised very smal and a few pints of Rhenish Wine poured thereto and then let them stand in a Cellar in a Glass Vessel for three daies and then afterward strain them And this also Take Wormwood three pugils Conserve of Spoonwort three ounces Green Water-Cresses bruised one handful the dry Rinds of Citron six drams pour thereunto of Rhenish Wine two quarts Let them stand in a Glass for some daies and after this pour out that which is cleer And at length when I had once gotten the Spirit of Spoonwort from that most industrious Apothecary of Gorlicum Johan Buttnerus which like as he doth also out of most other Plants he artificially prepareth by fermentation and distillation that so it may stil retain both the smel and the taste of the Plant when our Patient was tired out with and even loathed the taking down of any other Medicaments he then most frequently and with very much benefit made use of this Spirit And likewise that we might provide for the safety of the Spleen which at this time was very far amiss we caused an Emplaster to be put upon the Spleen The pains of the Belly and the Joynts took place as it were by turns and reciprocally so that when the pains of the belly remitted then the pains of the Joynts began and so on the contrary when the pain of the Joynts ceased then those of the Belly began to disquiet the Patient and both of them were for the most part much moderated when he plentifully which very often so happened cast forth the tart salt and bitter humor in an almost incredible abundance For the mitigation of the pains of his Belly there were prescribed Clysters of Marsh-mallows Camomile Fenugreek seed Dil seed Lin-seed Oyl of sweet Almonds Oyl of Dil Oyl of Camomile Honey of Roses Oyl of Bayberries and unto the Belly there were laid both Fomentations and Cataplasms of the same and the like Medicaments and the Emplaster of Lawrel Berries He used likewise the Decoction of the flowers of Camomile with Manna and the Oyl of sweet Almonds For the pains of the Joynts in the Hands and Feet there were used Fomentations and Cataplasms of the Roots of Marsh-mallows the flowers of Camomile and St. Johns wort Wormwood Betony Water-Cresses flour of Lin-seed and Fenugreek seed Earthworms Oyl of Elder Oyl of Camomile and the Unguent Dialthaea The Wife of this Noble Lord told us that in her Country for the moderating of such like pains as these they had in use Cataplasms made of the Horse Raddish bruised and boyled and this being grounded upon Reason there were therefore such like Cataplasms imposed now and then with very good success There were likewise used Fomentations of Elecampane Roots Marsh-mallow Roots Bryony Roots Lawrel Leave Sage Leaves Rosemary Leaves Herb Ivy Leaves Wal-flowers Lavender flowers Prim-roses Arabian Stoechados and Juniper Berries As also Inunctions of Marsh-mallow Roots and Bryony Roots and Earth-worms boyled unto a softness adding thereto the Juyce of Spoonwort and Water-Cresses Unguent of Bdellium and of Turpentine Oyl of white Lilies Oyl of Camomile as also of the Unguent Valeriola which we may find in the fourth Book of his Observations And so likewise this Take the juyce of Brooklime Water-Cresses of each one ounce and half Oyl of white Lilies two ounces boyl them til the Juyces be consumed and then add Oyl of Turpentine half an ounce Oyl destilled out of Juniper Berries and the Unguent of Bdellium of each one ounce Gum Elemi and Gum Hederae of each three drams Mans Fat half an ounce Mingle them Also the Unguent that is made of the Root of the Florentine Orrace the Leaves of Sage Primrose Tansey Mugwort Betony Bayberries Juniper Berries Rocket seed Lavender flowers and Spike flowers boyled in Wine and the Oyl of Earthworms the Oyl of Foxes the Oyl of Rue the juyce of Water-Cresses and then strained adding thereto the destilled Oyl of Juniper Sagapenum Bdellium Styrax Calamit Gum Elemi the Fat of a Fox and Mans Fat and Wax My own Emplaster likewise for the Nerves was added of which this is the Description Take Leaves of Lawrel Betony Rosemary Ground-pine or Herb Ivy and Prim-rose of each one handful flowers of Lavender half a handful the tops of St. Johns wort one handful Earth-worms washed in Wine three ounces boyl them in good Wine and being strained add thereto Oyl of Camomile three ounces Oyl of Orrace an ounce and half boyl them until the Wine be consumed and then add of cleer Turpentine three ounces Goats Suet an ounce and half Gum Elemi two ounces Tacamahaca dissolved Ship-pitch Rosin of each one ounce boyl them again and then add Litharge three ounces Wax as much as wil serve the turn and make an Emplaster unto which in the end add Oyl of Turpentine and of Juniper Berries of each an ounce and half of Rosemary and Sage destilled of each one dram and mingle them For the Palsie of the Tongue there were made use of Mouth-Washings of Sage Water Rosemary Water Extract of Calamus Aromaticus Oxymel Scillitick the destilled Oyl of Nutmeg and likewise Inunctions of the Tongue of Treacle Extract of Castoreum of Calamus Aromaticus Oyl of Nutmeg or Sage and Mustard seed There were also Trochisques made of the same For the Vices of the Gums and the loosness of the Teeth there were prescribed Unguents of the Leaves of Columbines of Sage Mints Nutmeg flowers of red Roses Allum Honey Collutions or washings for his mouth there were made of the Decoction of Fern Root and Bistort or Snake-weed the Leaves of Water-Cresses while they are yet green Sage Leaves Mints Columbines Frankincense the Water of Sage and Mints Alum and Honey Rosat And by these Medicaments indeed although as we told you before that the Disease of the Scurvy was for the greatest part removed and cured excepting that the Palsey of the Feet remained stil firmly sixt and immovable yet notwithstanding the Plica held on its old course stil only there was one Nail on one of his Toes that returned unto somwhat a better state and condition Chap. 10. Of the Vices of the Nails FIrst of al if the Nails have their own Natural Constitution like as other parts of the body they are then smooth and plain and they have a color white and red and a due and meet hardness and thickness if this their Natural Constitution be changed it fals then under the Nature of a Disease Nails unequal thick and rugged And first of al indeed the Nails are somtimes unequal and become thick and rugged Which happeneth from the juyce by which the Nails are nourished abundantly flowing thereunto For then they are not only
each two ounces and half Mastick one ounce Saffron one dram Wax half a pound Common Oyl one pound and half Make hereof an unguent according to Art Or Take the Juice new drawn of Ladies Mantle of Sanicle of Saracen Consound of each alike as much as you think good set them to the fire and then add of old Swines fat and May Butter of each alike as much as wil suffice and make an Vnguent Or Take White Rosin three ounces May Butter six ounces Juice of Ladies Mantile one ounce Sanicle Wintergreen of each an ounce and half Goats beard Oyl of Olive of each two ounces Let the Juices be first boyled with the Oyl until the moisture be consumed then add the Rosin and after that the Butter then let them be strained and stirred well together until they be cold Or. Take the Herb Wintergreen Adders tongue Sanicle Speedwell of each one ounce flowers of St. Johns Wort and Centaury the less of each six drams let them be cut very smal and shut up in a Glass bottle Add Oyl Olive one ounce the fat of a Hog three ounces unsalted Butter four ounces let them stand in a hot place or in Balneo Mariae for eight days afterwards boyl them till the humidity be consumed and then strain them after this add Turpentine one ounce Mastick Frankincense Myrrh of each half an ounce Aloes Hepatick one ounce and make an unguent The Unguent likewise of Caesar Magatus is very useful As Take our Oyl of St. Johns Wort one pound Wax washed in Balsam water three ounces Let them melt together in a narrow mouthed Glass vessell when they are melted ad unto them of our Balsam one pound Gum Elemi three ounces Balsam of Peru Tacamahaca Caranna of each two ounces all these Gums are to be dissolved severally and apart with our oyl of St. Johns Wort Ammoniacum and Galbanum in like manner dissolved of each half an ounce Myrrh Frankincense Aloes Gum hedera of each two drams the Roots of Consound Birthwort Bistort and Tormentil of each one dram and half Cretan Dittany three drams Water Germander two drams Mans fat prepared two ounces Swans fat one ounce mingle them and make an Vnguent and keep it carefully in a narrow mouthed vessel of Glass or Silver Oyls and Balsams natural as the Balsam of Tolu Balsams of Peru and the like and Artificial as Take Oyl of Bayes two ounces Mastick Olibanum Goats sewet of each one ounce and Mingle them or Take the yellow that is in the middle of red and white Roses and white Lilyes of each as much as wil suffice pour in unto them Oyl Olive a sufficient quantity and then set them in the Sun in a Glass close stopped for fourteen daies or Take Turpentine and Oyl of Bayes of each four ounces the Oyl of the yelks of Eggs two ounces Oyl of Roses half a pound mingle them and set them in the Sun until they shall have gotten a yellowish colour or Take Turpentine one pound Galbanum Gum Elemi Gum Hedera Frankincense Mastick Myrrh of each two ounces Aloes Xyloaloes Galangal Cloves Cinamom Nutmeg Cubebs of each one ounce Aqua vitae three ounces Let them be macerated together for a day and a night and afterward let them be twice destilled and keep that destilled oyl as a pretious Balsam Or Take the Liquor of the bladders of the Elm defecated and prepared one pint the best hony purified three ounces Juice of Tormentil of the greater Consound and of the mean Consound of each four ounces mingle them boyl them over a gentle fire to the consumption of the Juices and then ad the following powders Take Dragons Blood Oriental Bole-armenick Manna thuris Horse Tayl Mastick of each two drams Mingle them and make a very fine pouder and ad it unto those things above mentioned The preparation of the liquor of the Elm-bladders is thus in the moneth of May these kind of bladders are to be gathered before there breed any Worms in them and with this liquor a glass vial is to be filled up and stopt with a linen cloth after this a hole is to be made in the earth two or three hand breadths in heigth and in the bottom of the hole we are to put common salt three fingers high upon which the vial is to be placed and then the hole to be filled up with earth so that the vial appear not and so it is to stand for twenty five daies then the dreggs are to be separated from the cleer substance and that which is cleer is to be kept for use which if you put of it self alone unto the disjoyned parts it agglutinateth them Another Balsam Take Frankincense Myrrh Sarcocol Gum Junip Gum Arabick Gum hedera Gum Elemi Mastick Dragons blood Balsam of Peru Tacamahaca Caranna of each one ounce and half The tears or sweat of the Fir tree the liquor of the little leaves of the Elm of each one pinte Rosin of the pine half a pound Tormentil roots Roots of Bistort of Orace Birthwort Consound white Dittany of each half an ounce Juniper berries and Bay berries of each six drams spirit of the best wine three pints mingle them together and destill them and receive the water the spirit and the oyl severally and apart All of them are excellent good for the agglutinating of any Wound Another Balsam Take the oldest oyl you can get four ounces Venice Turpentine ten ounces and half whol Wheat two ounces St. Johns Wort two ounces and half the roots of Carduus Benedict and valerian of each ten drams the finest smal dust or pouder of Frankincense two ounces Hypocistis or the excrescence of Cystus half a dram Bolearmenick and Dragons blood of each half an ounce the ponder of Earth-Worms two drams the greater Consound one handful Horse Tail half a handful let the roots and herbs be bruised after a gross manner and then put up into a vessel and then pour in white Wine unto them and after they shall for a while be thus infused let the oyl and the wheat be added and all boyled unto the consumption of the Wine After this pressing and squeezing forth the Liquor with al your strength ad the powders and the Turpentine and then suffer it again to boyl a little and so keep it in a Glass vessel for your use Or Take Turpentine two pound Common oyl three pints Oyl of Bayes six ounces Oyl of Cinnamom two ounces Oyl of Euphorbium oyl of Cloves and oyl of Bay berryes Gum hedera Ammoniacum Sagapenum Opopanax Galbanum of each one ounce Frankincense Mastick of each two drams Let them be together destilled and make a Balsam for the Wounds of Nerves or Take Clear Turpentine two pound oyl of Linseed one pint Rosin of the Pine six ounces Frankincense Myrrh Aloes Mastick Sarcocol of each three ounces Mace Ligne Aloes of each two ounces Saffron half an ounce put al these into a Reâ—ort and first of al let them be
likewise the Oyl of St. Johns-wort The Oyl of St. Johns-wort invented by Magatus of his own invention which is thus with much labor and pains to be made Take the Tops of St. Johns-wort three handfuls Adders Tongue the greater Consound and Horse-Tail of each one handful white Wine well scented and strong five pints let the Herbs be bruised and macerated in the said Wine for the space of twenty four hours the mouth of the Vessel being carefully and close stopt and then making an expression and straining what is so pressed forth take the like Quantity of the said Herbs and let there be a second infusion and after that a third The last infusion being made and the liquor pressed forth and strained Add then unto the white Wine Of old Oyl six pound the Tops of St. Johns-wort two handfuls Adders Tongue the Herb commonly called Meddow-sweet or Regina prati the greater Consound and Carduus Benedict of each one handful the Root of white Dittany the greater Consound Birth-wort Tormentile Bistort of each half an ounce Scarlet Grain or Chermes Berry two drams Seeds of St. Johns-wort six drams and mingle them Having bruised those things that are to be bruised let them be macerated in Balneo in hot boyling water the mouth of the Vessel being well stopt for twenty four hours and afterwards let them boyl in a double Vessel tel the Wine be consumed and then pressing and wringing forth the Liquor and straining it through a bag first well moistned in the best white Wine Add thereunto The Tops St. Johns-wort two handfuls Adders Tongue the Herb Meddow-sweet Consound Woodroof which the Latine Herbarists call Matrisylva of each one handful mingle them The Herbs being bruised and an infusion made in a Bath of scalding hot Water or in Balneo Mariae for twenty four hours and after this an expression being made and the Liquor strained as before take the like quantity of the aforesaid Herbs and make another infusion as above and so a third and the last expression and straining being made add to the Oyl Leaves of St Johns-wort two handfuls Betony Pimpernel Mous-Ear the Herb Trinity of each one Handful of these make three infusions as above the last expression being made and the liquor strained Add unto the Oyl Of the smallest Leaves of St. Johns-wort two handfuls Consound the lesser Centaury white Briony Periwinkle of each one handful and here likewise let there be three infusions in this manner Let the Vessel which ought to be of Glass be set in the Sun for three daies and the fourth day let it be kept in Balneum of Scalding hot Water and there let it continue for twenty four hours and afterwards make an expression and strain it and unto the Oyl let there again be added The smal Leaves of St. Johns-wort that have attained unto their ful ripeness three handfuls Centaury the less one handful the fruit of the Balsam Tree in Numb 6. And then do as before The last expression being made and the straining likewise Add unto the Oyl Dittany of Crete one ounce Roots of white Dittany and the greater Consound Birthwort Orace of Illyria Bistort Tormentil of each six drams Scarlet Grain two drams Make three infusions after this manner set the Vessel in the Sun for six daies after that for two daies let it be kept in a Balneum of boyling hot water then press forth the Liquor and strain it and thus do three times as above and in the end the last expression being made and strained Add unto the Oyl The distilled Oyl of Turpentine of the Gum or sweat of the Fir-Tree of each half a pound Seed of St. Johns-wort one ounce Root of Consound Birthwort white Dittany Tormentil Bistort Orace of each two ounces Scarlet Grain one ounce Mirrh and Frankincense of each one ounce and half Sarcocol Gum Junip Aloes of each half an ounce Apples of the Balsam Tree twelve in Numb Balsam of Peru two ounces slice the Apples and bruise all the rest mingling them with the Oyl and let the Vessel be kept all the Winter time under Horse Dung then take it forth and press out the liquor and straining it keep it for your use in a Glass vessel the mouth thereof being close stopt The vulnerary Balsam of Magatus The Vulnerary Balsam of Magatus Take Gum Elemi four ounces Balsam of Peru three ounces Gum Tacamahaca Gum Carranna the liquor conteyned in the little bladders of the Elm of each two ounces oyl of Bayes Styrax liquid Myrrh of each one ounce and half White Frankincense Gum Hedera of each one ounce the sweet smelling Laser Ladanum Styrax Calamite the fattest you can get Ammoniacum Bedellium Opopanax Galbanum Sarcocoll of each six drams Roots of Birthwort Master-wort Angelica White Dittany Consound Acorus Orace Tormentill Bistort the seeds of St. Johns Wort of the Citron Citron rind of each half an ounce Cinnamom Cloves Nutmegs and Mace of each one ounce Mastick Aloes Dragons blood Scarlet Grain of each half an ounce Cretan Dittany one ounce the oyl of the oyle Nut Ben three ounces Juiniper Berries an ounce and half Wax one ounce Rosin of the Pine one ounce and half Cleer Turpentine Gum of the fir tree of each one pound and half the best strong water six pints Mingle them the Gums being exactly melted they may be melted apart by themselves with some of the Turpentine and the rest that are more drie beaten and bruised in a gross manner into a powder and then let them all be cast together into a Retort which may be kept for three days in a Balneum of Boyling hot water then let it be luted and kept in the hot water untill the Clay be throughly dryed afterwards by a fire of Ashes or embers let the oyl be drawn forth in an Artific al manner now first there will come forth a certain water which I call the water of Balsam and it is to be kept by it self and then the oyl which we call Balsam The oyl of St. Johns Wort is here likewise of singular use and it is thus to be prepared Take the Tops of St. Johns wort fully ripe Oyl of St. Johns Wort. three ounces Macerate them for three days in sweet smelling Wine and then let them boyl in a double vessel stopping close the mouth thereof after this let them be squeezed hard and the liquor pressed forth then let a like weight of fresh St. Johns wort be cast into it let it be again Macerated boyled and pressed forth let this be thrice done and if the wine be diminished add other instead thereof after this Take Turpentine three ounces old cleer oyl six ounces Saffron one pound boyl them in a double vessel unto the wasting a way of the wine and then make an expression and when you have purged the oyl from all its setling reserve it for your use The Balsam following is greatly commended by Dr. Raimundus Mindererus The Balsam of
expected that in the curing of Wounds there should be at any time a total and absolute freedom from all pain and trouble no more then there is in the curing of other diseases And indeed if al things were to be omitted and for born that are any waies the Cause of any trouble whatsoever then the sewing of the Wound as likewise the Swaths and binding up of the Wound were all of them to be omitted But the Rule is good in this case that alwaies of two Evils the less is to be chosen Fifthly Neither are Tents therefore to be omitted because that being defiled by the Pus they may hurt the wounded part For as often as they shal be thus fouled and made nasty they are to be drawn forth and this very thing impugns the rare and seldom opening of the Wound Sixthly And last of all although that Hippocrates and Galen where they treat of the Curing of Wounds do not make express mention of these Tents so neither yet do they forbid the use of them but rather out of the precepts of Galen as touching the Curing of Wounds it may be proved that the use of Tents is oftentimes by him allowed and approved of All the premises being therefore thus agitated and discussed Pro and Con the thing seems to come to this and the whole sum and substance of this Controversie amounteth to thus much that light and sleight Wounds and such wherein there is not much Pus generated may be committed unto Nature and that it matters not much if such Wounds as these be but seldom concovered But yet I would not in the least perswade any Man that in those Wounds that are more grievous and in which there is generated great store of Pus and Excrements he stand as an idle Spectator and Trisler doing little or nothing himself but committing the whole business to Nature in regard that from the neglect and omission of the necessary opening of the Wound there may more danger and damage arise in one day then can afterwards be removed in a whole Month. And so likewise for Tents as on the one side where there is no need of them I would not perswade to the putting of any into the Wound much less that there should be such Tents made use of that may cause pain excite a fluxion or hinder the flowing forth of the Pus so on the other hand where necessity urgeth and the Causes before mentioned require the use of them there I conceive they cannot possibly be omitted without damage and danger But yet nevertheless in regard that experience perfecteth Art example shewing us the way I shall not withstand or oppose any man in his making trial and experience even of this way likewise so that it be as I have said before without any danger unto the Patient and as Magatus himself adviseth in his 1 B. and 40. Ch. about the end thereof beginning alwaies from those more light and easie and from these by degrees proceeding unto those that are more grievous and difficult Chap. 10. Of the VVeapon Salve THose things that have been in the precedent Chapter spoken touching the opinion of Caesar Magatus and Ludovicus Septalius as concerning the curing of Wounds put me now in minde of that Unguent they commonly cal the Weapon Salve For as those siple Wounds of the flesh as hath been said in the foregoing Chapter are Cured by the benefit of Nature alone without any other great provision without any frequent opening of the Wound and without the applying of many Medicaments So those Wounds likewise that are said to be cured by this Weapon-Salve my Opinion is that they are cured by the help and assistance of Nature alone But in regard that there are many who have asserted the contrary therefore we think it not amiss in this place to make some enquiry into this Opinion of theirs and to tel you what I conceive is to be thought as touching this Weapon-Salve Now we shall First of all give you the descriptions of this Unguent or Weapon-salve and then we shall acquaint you with the use of it and what Arguments are usually brought for the defence therof Now most are of Opinion that Paracelsus was the first that found out this Weapon-Salve and therefore the invention thereof is by very many ascribed unto him but whether he were the first that we find to have made mention hereof or not of this there is no question but that he hath been very forward in the divulging of it Paracelsus himself in his 1. B. Archidox Magicae hath this description of it Take The Moss of a Dead mans Skul two ounces Paâ—â—â—cisus his description thereof Mummy half an ounce Mans fat two ounces Mans blood half an ounce Oyl of Linseed two drams Oyl of Roses and Bole-Armenick of each one dram mingle them and make an Vnguent Into which he puts a piece of Wood that hath been soaked in the Blood that comes from the wound and then throughly dryed and every day constantly he covereth the Wound with a new Swathe that had been throughly moystened in the Urine of the wounded person But then for the anoynting of the Weapon he addeth yet further Honey one ounce and Bulls fat one dram John Baptista Porta in his 8. B. of Natural Magick and 12. Chap. writeth thus of it The Weapon Salve saith he was a good while since by Paracelsus given to Maximilian the Emperor who having made trial of it esteemed it very highly all his Life after of which there was some bestowed on me by a certain noble person then living in this Emperors Court. If the Sword that gave the Wound were brought or a piece of Wood wet in the blood of the said Wound the wounded person was then cured albeit he were never so far off Take Vsnea Porta his description of the weapon salve or the Moss that groweth upon a skul left in the open Air and mans fat of each two ounces Mummy and mans blood of each an ounce and half Oyl of Linseed Turpentine and Bole Armenick of each one ounce let them be all wel mingled together in a mortar and then preserved in an Earthen Vessel somwhat long and narrow Dip the Sword into the Vnguent and so leave it let the wounded person in the morning wash the wound with his own Water and so adding nothing at all thereto let the wound be bound up and it shall be cured without any pain And Crollius himself likewise attributeth this Unguent or Weapon Salve unto Paracelsus Crollius his Description and he cals it the Sympathetick Unguent of Paracelsus and thus he describeth it Take the fat of a Bore Pig or Brawner and Bears fat of each four ounces The older these Creatures are the better it their fat Let both these fats first of all for the space of half an hour boyl in red wine over a gentle fire After this it is to be poured out upon cold water and the fat swimming
in the end of the boyling add of the best White Wine three pints and then making a strong expression of the liquor and strayning it make thereof with hony or sugar a sweet and pleasant drink for the Patient But if the Wounded person should have a fever hanging upon him you must then leave out the Wine in the aforesaid decoction The following Potion likewise of the Nobles of Berine is very much commended by which al one as it is commonly reported the most grievous wounds are oftentimes cured of which mention is likewise made by Guilhelm Fabricius in his 4 Century Observat 84. Take Wintergreen Golden rod Mugwort Sanicle Red Beets of each as much as you think good the Plants are to be gathered in the Month of August then dryed in the shade and afterwards beaten into a pouder take equal parts of the powder and mingle them then Take Of this pouder one spoonful let it boyl in one measure of White Wine give the wounded person a draught of this blood-warm thrice a day and so continue it until the consolidation of the Wound Give the Patient if he be weak two spoonfuls hereof Aanother Potion Take Clary Wintergreen Periwinkle Sacracennical Consound Ladies bedstraw Sanicle Speedwel Ladies Mantle tree Ivy Mugwort of each three handfuls Album Graecum or if you will white Dogs-tird pickt up in the month of March two ounces and half old beer a little tart and sourish the proportion of one little earthen Cup let them stand digesting for fourteen daies and afterwards let them be destilled and reserve it for use in glasses wel and close stopped of this you are to give three spoonfuls at a time thrice every day And for this use and purpose there are likewise powders to be provided Pouders Take Nutmegs one ounce Crabs Eyes one ounce and half make a pouder and give half a dram or a dram at one time with wine or Take Red Corral three drams Margarites Spodiums of each six drams Crabs eyes two ounces Mingle and make a powder Give unto the wounded person of this powder one dram at time in Wine or Water And such like Electuaries may be provided likewise As Electuaries Take Conserve of Red Roses and Betony of each two ounces Tormentil and Consound of each one ounce Mace two drams Red corral one dram Crabs Eyes prepared half a dram and with the syrup of sorrel make an Electuary or Take Juice of Plantane Horstayl Sanicle Mouseare Speedwel of each two ounces the greater Consound roots rosted under the embers and passed thorow a hayr sieve one ounce white Sugar one pound boyl them to the Consistence of an Electuary and in the end ad Conserve of Roses one ounce Tormentil half an ounce and mingle them And yet nevertheless we are not so to trust and conside in those potions as to neglect al other Topical Medicaments For if we should thus do the Wounded person may possibly fall into some great danger and hazard of which we have a very remarkable history in Guilhelmus Fabricius his 4 Cent. Observ 83. Chap. 12. Of the Dyet of Wounded persons The Diet of wounded persons And thus much may suffice to have been spoken touching the Chirurgical part and the Medicaments Necessary in general for the curing of Wounds It remaineth now that we speak some what of the Dyet that is to be observed by wounded persons Let the Air be temperate or a little inclined to Warmth touching which Celsus in his fifth Book Chapt. 26. thus the Place saith he in which the wounded person shal lie it ought ta be somewhat warm But a cold Air is greatly hurtful and an enemy unto all Wounds And although that a hot Air be convenient enough for the wound yet in regard that it heateth the body moveth much the humors and rendereth them fit and apt for motion and so may easily give an occasion for fluxions which are otherwise too apt to happen in Wounds therefore it is not fit and allowable for wounded persons touching which Celsus thus in his fifth Book and Chapt. 26. The most opportune time saith he for the cure is the spring or at least that time that is neither fervently bâ—t neither yet over cold For the truth is that both overmuch beat and too much cold they do both of them infest and offend Wounds But now if such an Air may not be had that is naturally such it is to be made such by the help of art Let the Air be likewise pure and that which is stinking or any ways impure is carefully to be avoyded The food of the Patient And as for the meat and drink of the Patient since that from the blood both the flesh and whatsoever else is Necessary for the agglutination of the wound is generated they ought to be such from which good and pure blood may be bred and such as may not afford the least occasion and matter for many excrements and dangerous Symptoms But meats of an ill Juice must heedfully be eschewed such as Garlick Onyons Swines flesh Pease and the Patient myst altogether abstain from meats that are hot sharp tart and biting and of an ill Juice and he may only feed upon those meats that yield a good Juice and are of easy concoction And let the food he takes be such for the quantity thereof that it may be concucted by Nature and such as may supply a moderate quantity of blood For if too great abundance of blood be generated it supplyeth matter fit for fluxion inflammation and other symptoms And indeed his food that he taketh ought to be in such a quantity that there may flow unto the wounded part so much blood as was wont to flow thither while the part was sound and without any distemper seeing that the wounded part if it be rendered weak and infirm is not able to concoct and assimilate so great a quantity of blood as it did before whereupon there wil be generated either an inflammation or great store of excrements and so the wound wil be made over moyst Let his meats likewise in the general be so ordered that they may restrain the flux of humors rather then excite it they ought to be altogether such that if there be any thing amiss in the blood and humors it may rather correct then further augment the same And if any evil accident shal befal the Wound all indeavour ought to be used that so the food may oppose and with stand the same And yet nevertheless it is not one and the same kind of dyet that is fit and proper in all wounds For if the wound be in a fleshy part and that there be no danger of an Inflammation then a more plentiful dyet may be allowed but if the wound be in the Nervous parts and that there be danger at hand of an inflammation then a more spare diet is to be prescribed that so there may flow unto the wounded part the less store
be taken But if the Contrary shall happen then the strength of the Medicament is to be augmented either by mingling a greater quantity of the old or else by the admixture of the newer Euphorbium for that mixture that hath in it a triple proportion of Wax is the strongest that which hath a five-fold quantity of the said Wax the weakest and the mixture having but a quadruple proportion of the Wax is in a mean betwixt both Galen as we may see in his third B. of the Compositâ— of Medicaments according to their kinds and 2. Chap. mentioneth likewise other things that are to be made use of as live Sulphur unslaked Lime washed Arsenick Sandarach Pompholyx the scourings of Brass Chalcitis or red Vitriol burnt But in all these he had only a regard unto their drying faculty and he would only have the Medicaments to be so made and Compounded that they might be able to cal forth and consume the Excrements out of the Wounds of the Nerves But unto me as I told you before it seemeth far more probable that such Medicaments are to be made choice of that may withal Corroborate and Augment the Native heat of the Nerves which of it self and especially in the wounded Nerves is very weak And therefore this latter Age hath found out Medicaments that are far more safe both such as are prepared by the Chymical Art as also such as are brought unto us out of other Countries yea and such as are very ordinary at home among our selves and such as do their office without causing any pain that is easily brought upon the Patient by the use of those stronger Medicaments that the Ancients made use of and which may be safely applied whether the Nerve be naked and bare or whether it be covered whereas in the Nerve that is bare all those Medicaments of the Ancients cannot be made use of with any safety such as are these Balsam of Peru the distilled Oyl of Rosin Turpentine and the Rosin of the Fir-Tree Wax Oyl or Balsam of St. Johns wort the spirit of Wine Gum Elemi Gum Tacamahaca and Gum Caranna All which obtain that faculty which by Galen and the Ancients is propounded and have in them no Corroding quality at all and withal obtain a Balsamick virtue as those of our times term it which those other of the Ancients are void of and they do not only consume the Excrements but they likewise greatly strengthen the Native heat of the wounded part and are all of them very agreeable and suitable unto the Nerves Caesar Magatus in his second B. of Wounds 5. Chapter mentioneth these several forms following Take Ammoniacum Opopanax Sagapenum dissolved in hot water Propolis and Turpentine of each half an ounce Oyl of thin parts two or three yeers old in which Earth-worms have been boyled one ounce and half Mingle them and make an Vnguent Or Take Cleer Turpentine the exsudation or tear of the fir tree of each one ounce Tacamahaca half an ounce Caranna two drams Balsam of Peru three drams Propolis six drams our oyl of St. Johns wort one ounce Mingle them and make an Vnguent Or Take Sagapenum Opopanax Propolis of each half an ounce Tacamahaca three drams the destilled oyl of Turpentine or the sweat of the fir tree one ounce Sulphur that hath not come neer the fire one dram and haâ—f Mingle them and make an Vnguent Or Take Tacamahaca Opopanax Propolis the sweat of the Firtree of each two drams Artificial Balsam six drams Mingle them and make an Vnguent Or Take Artificial Balsam our oyl of St. Johns Wort of each half an ounce Burning water which the Latines call Aquâ— ardens or the water of Balsam three drams and mingle them Or Take Diachylon with Gums one ounce Tacamahaca Caranna Sagapenum Propolis Rosin of the Pine Ship-pitch of each three drams Artificial Balsam half an ounce Euphorbium two scruples Mingle them and make a cerot Or Take The oldest Leaven one ounce and half Doves dung or Brimstone one dram Aqua Ardens or Water of Balsam as much as wil suffice that the Medicament may have the consistence of Honey and so mingle them Or Take Oyl of Turpentine or the sweat of the Fir tree one ounce Sagapenum Propolis of each half an ounce Euphorbium one dram mingle them And if the Medicament that is layd on be of a thin substance or as the Chymists speak volatile which may easily be dissipated then we are to mingle therewith all Turpentine and Gum Elemi or else we must impose an Emplaster of Gum Caranna Tacamahaca dissolved in the compound Oyl St. Johns wort The Diet. There is likewise regard to be had unto the diet The Air in which the Patient is most conversant ought to be somewhat more warm then ordinary since that the Cold is an Enemy unto the Nerves as in the fifth Sect. Aphoris 18. And therefore likewise the Wounds of the Nerves are not over often and without very great cause to be uncovered and when they are uncovered a Candle nmst be lighted and a pan ful of hot coals must be in a readiness and this new binding up must be hastened and performed with all possible speed Let the sick person abstain from wine The affected part is softly and gently to be placed and kept in quietness For as Celsus saith in his fifth Book and Chapt. 26. the best of all Medicaments is Rest and quietness and to move and walk unless for such as are sound is altogether unfit and improper Yea moreover we have two histories that tells us that Laughter may bring very much danger and damage in the wounds of the Nervous parts These Histories we find taken notice of by Guilhelm Fabricius in his first Century Observat 23. Let Anger likewise and the passions of the mind be avoyded And let the patient at this time abstain from Venery that which is of all other things most hurtful unto him as we are sufficiently taught by the history of that young man in Guilhelm Fabricius his first Cent. Observat 22. who being now almost perfectly wel and recovered dyed upon this very cause and no other Chap. 16. Of the downright Wounds of the Nerves as also of the Ligaments by Cutting But now if the Nerve or Tendon be wounded not by pricking but by a downright cut we are then to look whether the wound be long waies or whether it be transverse and overthwart and then whether the Nerve be wholly cut assunder or else be but only in part Wounded and how much of the skin lying over it is divided Signs Diagnostick The pain if the Nerve be Wounded by a Cut but not wholly divided and cut assunder is not so great as if it be Wounded by a prick and yet nevertheless for the most part it is even great enough But if the Nerve be wholly cut assunder there is then no pain at all felt but yet nevertheless the sense and feeling or else the motion of the part into which the Nerve
communicated unto the spittle and by it may as easily be imparted unto the Wound and this happeneth much the rather if so be the Man be Frantick And if there were altogether nothing of virulency in the Wound that is inflicted by the biting of one of these living creatures yet notwithstanding the very contusion it self which rendereth all wounds whatsoever the more dangerous and the more difficult to be cured maketh those wounds the more grievous For since that the teeth of the said Animals are not so sharp as a sword or some other kind of Weapon while they wound they do withal likewise bruise and cause a Confusion in the part they fasten upon Prognosticks But now how dangerous these wounds also may be that are caused by one mans biting of another Guihelm Fabricius teacheth us by three Examples and instances that he giveth thus in his 2 Century Observat 84. and 85. The first whereof is of a certain Merchant who a midst his Cups by anothers biting was wounded in the very tip of the right forefinger whose whole right hand upon the same biting became inflamed and a Gangrene soon after began to follow with Convulsions an extreme burning feaver a Syncope and continual restlesness The second instance is of a Physitian who rashly and inconsideratly putting his finger into the mouth of a Phrantick woman to the end he might feel her tongue had it bitten by this mad woman and upon this biting he became extremly afflicted with a vehement pain not only in the said finger but in the whol Arm also The last example is of a man that being by another furious and enraged person sorely bitten even unto the first Articulation of his Thumb he likewise was in stantly taken with a vehement pain al that Arm throughout and soon after there followed a feaver and a Syncope Matthias Glandorpius in Specul Observat Chirurgic Observ 49. relateth the like History of a certain person who by another mans teeth the man being much enraged was wounded in his thumb about the first Joynt from whence there arose a most extreme pain an Inflammation of the whol hand a Continual fever a restlesness of the body frequent faintings and swoundings and a very intense pain of the head And evermore the wounds are dangerous both in themselves by reason of the contusion as also because that the spittle of the furious and enraged Animals hath somwhat of malignity Joyned with it and they are so much the more dangerous if any of the Nervous parts such as are the fingers shal chance to be bitten The Cure In regard that as we have said in every wound that is inflicted by the biting of any living Creature there is present a Contusion and this somtimes greater and somtimes less according as the teeth of those Creatures are more sharp such as are the teeth of a Dog Ape and Squirrel or else less sharp as those of a Man Horse Ass c. and that from this Contusion the pain is caused therefore there ought a regard to be had both unto the Contusion and the pain And therefore in the first place the blood is carefully to be pressed and squeezed forth of the wound and opening of a vein or purgation according as need shal require is to be instituted and to prevent the greater afflux of the humors and the Malady from being communicated unto the superiour parts some Defensive of Oxycrate or some oâ— her the like is to be imposed upon the superior part but unto the Wound it self for the asswaging of its pain the promoting of the suppuration and the keeping of the Wound open such a like Medicament as this that followeth is to be applyed Take One Egge butter half an ounce Saffron one scruple Oyl of Violets and Roses of each two drams and mingle them or Take Marshmallow Roots one ounce and half the leaves of Mallows flowers of Camomile and Melilote of each half a handful Wormwood two pugils boyl them to a softness and let them be wel bruised and mashed together when they are wel bruised add unto them the yelk of one Egge oyl of Roses and Camomil of each as much wil suffice and make a Cataplasm If there be any fear that there is some kind of virulency in the Wound then we may ad Scordium as also Treacle and therefore such an unguent is to be provided Take The Basilick Vnguent and fresh butter of each half an ounce Treacle one dram oyl of Roses one ounce the yelk of one Egg and mingle them And moreover that what is bruised may be wholly converted into Pus we are to use Honey of Roses Rosin Turpentine with the yelk of an Egge or the Basilik Vnguent or if any Malignity be feared this that followeth Take Pounder of Myrrh Root of Round Aristolochy Orrace of Florence and Aloes of each one dram Angelica half a dram Treacle dissolved in the spirit of Wine two drams with hony of Roses make a Liniment And at length the Wound being wel wiped and cleansed it is to be filled up with flesh and so shut up with a cicatrice as in other cases is wont to be done If a Gangrene be feared as nigh at hand then the Cure is so to be ordered as we sayd before touching the Gangrene Glandorpius his father in the case before alleadged besides general and internal remedies was wont to administer these Topicks First of all with this Unguent he anoynted the filaments and then he imposed them hot upon the Wound with the Citrine Emplaster As Take Venice Tuâ—pentine often washed one ounce the powder of Earthworms two scruples Frankincense half a dram the yelk of one Egge and mingle them The hand even unto the wrist was anoynted with the Oyl of Roses The pain increasing he applyed warm this following Cataplasm Take Scordium or Water Germander the herb Sauce alone or Jack by the hedg of each four pugills or smal handfuls Wormwood the tops of St. Johns wort Sage Marjoram of each two pugills Red Roses three pugils flowers of Camomil and Melilote of each one pugil the pith of Rie bread three ounces bran one ounce the meal of Lupines one ounce and half with a sufficient quantity of Wine make a Cataplasm adding in the conclusion oyl of Rue six drams oyl of Roses with Earthworms an ounce and half the yelk of one Egge Saffron one scruple and mingle them The pain yet for all this little or nothing remitting about the hand wrist and the Elbow he applyed this Defensive Take The Vnguent of Roses Champhorated or with Camphyre and the Santaline Oyl or the oyl of Saunders of each half an ounce oyl of Roses with the Juice of Night-shade three drams Bole Armenick two drams powder of red Roses one dram Rose vinegar as much as wil suffice and mingle them The pain somwhat abating there was then discovered a Nerve or rather a black Tendon and upon this he strewed the following powder Take Roots of round Aristolochy
not to wake use of Medicaments that are over sharp lest so while we seek to avoid one danger we fall into another as great in exciting both a pain and a Convulsion And therefore in such parts the safest way wil be to apply those Medicaments only that draw forth the poyson by the property of their substance Neither likewise ought the use of sharp Medicaments alone to be long continued but after they have been continued for a day or two then after others more mild are to be imposed The Compositions are very many and various Treacle is of singular life if mingled with other Medicaments which that some should therefore have in suspition in regard that by reason of the coldness of the Opium it may possibly drive the poyson inwardly this is indeed a most ridiculous conceit in a time of so much light from the truth Or else drop in Matthiolus his oyl which he describeth in his Comment upon the preface of the sixth Book of Dioscorides or that of the great Duke of Hetruria or the Juice of Vipers Grass Guido in poysoned Wounds commendeth this Emplaster Take Galbanum Sagapenum Opopanax Asafaetida Myrrh Pepper Sulphur of each one ounce and half Doves dung and Ducks dung of each two ounces Calamint and wild Mint of each one ounce Let the Gums be dissolved in Wine and mingling them all with honey and old oyl make an Emplaster or Take Turpentine the Water or Juice of Swallow-wort washed two ounces the propolis of Beehives two ounces Matthiolus his Oyl half an ounce Oyl of Turpentine two drams Precipitate a dram and half Water Germander and the Root of Vipers grass of each four scruples mingle them and make an unguent or Take Ammoniacum Galbamâ—m Bdellium of each half an ounce Styrax Liquid three drams Myrrh and Sulphur that hath not felt the fire of each two drams Euphorbium and Precipitate of each one ounce Matthiolus his oyl and oyl of Turpentine of each two drams let the Gums be dissolved in scillitick vinegar and then mingled with the rest and then with as much Propolis and Ship pitch as will suffice make a Cerote or Take Root of Dragon wort and Round Aristolochy of each one ounce Tabaco and Water Germander of each one handful Frankincense Myrrh Brimstone that hath not been neer the fire of each half an ounce Dittany of Crete Angelica Root and white Dittany of each three ounces Oyl of Turpentine two ounces Wax and Ship pitch of each as much as will serve the turn Mingle them and make an Emplaster or Take Tops of St. Johns wort two handfuls Carduus Benedictus Water Germander Tobaco Swallow wort of each one handful Rue one pugil Root of Dragon wort two ounces Sour or Sharp dock an ounce and half let them be well bruised together and then applyed in the form of an Emplaster or Take Oyl of Olives and Honey of each two ounces Quick lime two drams Roots of round Aristolochy one dram make a Cataplasm or Take Onyons Garlick Leeks of each three ounces boyl and bruise them and then add the root of Dragon wort and Asphodill of each two drams Treacle half an ounce Oyl of Scorpions one ounce and mingle them Or Take Ashes of the herb Trinity or Hearts ease and Quick lime of each two ounces Wormwood Round Aristolochy Rue Garlick and Oynons of each one ounce Figgs twenty Number Goats dung Oyl of Euphorbium and Oyl of Scorpions of each three ounces Honey one pound and half Wine Vinegar one pint Mingle them and make an Eplaster More of these you shal have in the following sixth Book touching the bitings of venemous Creatures And withall even instantly upon the receiving of the wound there ought to be administred Alexipharmaca or counterpoysons as we properly call them that may Guard and fortify the heart from the poyson and may expel it unto the outward parts And indeed if the kind of poyson be known we are then to opposse and counter work it by its own proper and peculiar Alexipharmaea touching which more in the following Book But if the species or kind of the poyson be hid and unknown to us then these universal or general Alexipharmaca to wit the Bezodi stone Treacle Mithridate Treacle Waters and others of this kind every where commonly known are to be administred And with the very same the Heart is likewise outwardly to be fenced and guarded and therefore not Treacle and Mithridate alone but chiefly the Oyl of Matthiolus is to be anoynted upon the Region of the Heart and the Arteries as also the Oyl of the Great Duke of Hetruria The poyson being drawn forth we are then to hasten unto the Curing of the wound for which purpose this Unguent is very usefull Take Wax black pitch Rosin the soft fat of a Ram and old oyl of each three ounces Galbanum six ounces Make an Vnguent And afterwards the Cure is to be performed as in all other Wounds But if we come to understand from the dangerous symptoms as cold sweats faintings swoundings and the Syncope that the poyson hath now already penetrated unto the more inward parts of the body and especially the Heart then the wounded part is not much to be troubled and tampered withall but in this case we ought rather to take care for the preservation of the whole body but more especially the Heart Chap. 22. Of Particular Wounds ANd hitherto we have been treating touching Wounds in General as also touching the general Cure of them But now in regard that the Cure of wounds is very different and various according to the variety of the parts that are wounded we should now therefore come to speak of them more particularly and in speciall to wit of the wounds of each single part But since that we have already handled them in our former Books therefore here again to treat of them wil be a thing altogether needless and superfluous For in Book 1. Part. 1. Chapt. 21. 22. 23. 24. and 25. We treated of the Wounds of the Head and Brain Ibid. P. 3. Sect. 2. Chapt. 9. Of the Wounds of the Eyelids Chap. 10. Of the Wounds of the Eyes Ibid. Sect. 3. Chapt. 5. Of the Wounds of the Nosethrills Ibid. Sect. 5. Chapt. 3. Of the Wounds of the Tongue Lib. 2. Part. 1. Chapt. 4. Of the Wounds of the Lipps Ibid. Part. 2. Chap. 4. Of the opening of the vessels of the Lungs Ibid. Chap. 11. Of the Wounds of the Lungs Ibid Chap. 15. Of the Wounds of the Diaphragm Ibid. Chapt. 17. Of the Wounds of the Chest Ibid. Chap. 22. Of the Wounds of the spinal Marrow Ibid. P. 4. Chap. 3. Of the Wounds of the Heart Book 3. P. 1. Sect. 1. Of the Wounds of the Oesophagus Ibid. Chapt. 16. Of the wounds of the Stomack Ibid P. 2. Sect. 1. Chapt. 8. Of the Wounds of the Intestines Ibid. P. 4. Chapt. 7. Of the Wounds of the Spleen Ibid. P. 6. Sect. 1. Chapt. 7. Of the Wounds of
of Cloves Mace Nutmeg of each one ounce and half Bdellium two ounces Ammoniacum Opopanax Galbanum of each one ounce Indian Tacamahaca and Caranna of each four ounces Castoreum and Saffron of each six drams the Root of the herb Masterwort Angelica Valerian Acorus Costus of each half an ounce Fat styrax Calamâ—te one ounce and half the fat of a Lion and Bulls fat of each two ounces the best burning Water one quart and mingle them wel together And Lastly if the Convulsion happen from the Retention of the Pus or other excrements then we are to endeavor that by all waies and means a passage forth may be made for both the thin and thick excrements and that there may be some liquor dropt into the Wound that hath in it a power and virtue to cleanse and consume And outwardly also there ought somewhat to be imposed that hath a power of drawing from the depth and bottom of the Wound which kind of Medicaments may sufficiently be known from what we have written before and more especially touching the Wound of the Nerves Chap. 24. Whether it be lawfull for a Christian by Amulets the Greeks call them Periapta we Preservatives or else by hanging of Seals about their bodyes or by the like means to defend and preserve themselves from all danger by Weapons SInce that there is nothing now adays more frequently practised by Soldiers then by certain Amulets or Periapta as also by Seals and Characters to fence and Guard themselves against all thrusts and Strokes of Weapons and Gunshot and so to render themselves altogether inviolable before we end this discourse touching Wounds we think it not amiss for a Conclusion to add and discuss this question whether it be lawfull for a Christian and whether he may with a safe Conscience and without breach of Piety in any such manner as aforesaid make his body weapon-proof and impenetrable by Gunshot For although I neither desire to make any inquiry into the secret and private practises of these kind of Persons nor think it worth the while so to do yet notwithstanding this is a thing very well and commonly known that these men cannot Guard and fortify themselves from all kind of violence whatsoever but only against the thrusts and strokes of Swords and other the like Weapons as also from Musket and Pistol bullets so that such like Weapons and smaller Gun-shot shall not by any means be able to penetrate their skin But yet these persons may by Clubs be dry-beaten and by bullets shot forth of the greater Guns as Ordnance and the like be hurt and violated yea they may hereby likewise be destroyed although it be true that their skin cannot easily be wounded Yea moreover even as themselves confess there are some certain parts that cannot thus be safe-guarded and preserved impenetrable and inviolable and more especially their Eyes And moreover this is likewise commonly reported that some of them can make not only themselves but that they can render even the bodies of others so impenetrable and inviolable that they shall not be hurt by any kind of Weapons yea that some of them are able to cause that butter shall not be cut either by knife Sword or by hatchet And thirdly they report this also that such as are altogether ignorant and unwitting unto any such practise may likewise by others be made inviolable and proof against all kind of Weapons and Darts The various wayes and manner by which som make themselves impenetrable by Weapons But now they have divers waies means of making themselves thus impenetrable and weapon proof which I neither know nor desire to know In the general I shall only acquaint you with one or two of those things that are commonly carryed about by them that so by them you may likewise know how the better to Judge of all the rest And first of all it is scarcely unknown to any that there are certain Seals or Pentacula as they call them that are graven with figures and Characters and ignorantly lettered as Apuleius speaketh and these are carried up and down and by the Souldiers hung about their Necks and they are wont also to be bound unto their Body that so by them they may render themselves inviolable and not to be hurt by any Weapons And some there be that only inscribe these kind of Characters upon a piece of paper and so hang them unto their Bodies And I my self knew a man who reported that he hung one of these sheets of Paper about the Neck of a Dog and then he shot him close at hand with a bullet out of a hand-Gun and yet the Dog was not at all any whit hurt thereby And there are some likewise who swallow down these sheets or pieces of paper thus Figured and Charactered And there is extant in a certain publique writing an instance of the like Artifice if we may so call these delusions and impostures of the Devil by which a certain Gentleman fenced and guarded his Body against all kinde of Weapons Which practise of that renowned Commander that so valiantly and succesfully fought many battles against the Turks in the behalf of the Christians in Hungary whether it make more for his praise or dishonor I leave it free unto any one to Judg thereof I shall only say this that oftentimes even great persons Princes and worthies have been deceived in this kinde and have too incautelously given Credit unto these Cheaters and deceivers who go up and down selling these things and oftentimes putting them off at very dear rates and have not sufficiently weighed and considered the dangerous consequence of what they go about And therefore as for the Course that these men take seeing that it is altogether superstitious impious I do not think it any waies fit for me by my writings to propagate it unto Posterity and yet notwithstanding that the superstition and wickedness of this practise may appear I will in the general speak somwhat thereof aâ—â— delineate it in some particulars At the sacred time of our Saviours Nativity or as we call it Christmas about midnight in a sheet of Vellom or Parchment there are these letters inscribed I. N. R. I. and this same sheet of Parchment is closed up in certain bals or Lumps of Wheaten dough which are privily put upon the high Altar that so at certain and divers times three Masses may be celebrated over them And then one of these little balls with certain superstitious prayers they have for that purpose must be eaten in the morning and this wil for that day preserve the man safe and sound from all kinde of Wounds whatsoever In the same little Book the writing before mentioned we are taught in what manner on the day any wound is inflicted before Sunrising the Moss is to be taken and shaved from the Skul of one that was hanged or broken upon the wheel and this with certain prayers which if sewed into the Garment
its proper place and that there be no Contusion of the parts incumbent and lying neer then some gentle Medicament that is fit and Convenient for a fracture and inflammations is to be layd on of Frankincense sine flour Bole Armenick the White of an Egge and the like But if the broken Ribb stick forth outwardly it is to be pressed together with the hand and to be reduced unto its Natural situation and here also a Convenient Medicament is to be imposed But if the broken Ribb tend inwardly we must endeavor that it may be brought back into its own place And therefore we must first of all see whether by the Cough and the holding of the breath or by the help of the hands the broken Ribb may be restored again into its own place which if it succeed not then we must lay on some Emplaster that will attract and that will stick fast unto the Ribb and then this Emplaster is again with violence to be taken away that so the Ribb may be brought back again into its own place And very Convenient for this use is this Emplaster also Take The finest wheat flour two ounces Tragacanth Frankincense powdered of each five drams Missleto of the Oake to wit the Glew six drams Ichthyocolla or Fish Glue one ounce and half Whites of Eggs two ounces rose-Rose-water as much as will suffice and mingle them Or an Emplaster made of Turpentine Rosin blackpitch Barly Meal or Beanmeal Mastick and Aloes And such like emplasters as these are often to be applyed and then to be taken off when the sick person shall breathe more freely And I my self remember likewise that some yeers since a certain Cooper having a Ribb broken and depressed in his right side by the violent recoyling of a hoop which he was bending to make a hoop for a Hogshead or tub so that he could very hardly draw his breath Coughed extremly and was not able to lift himself up straight I applyed and layd on such an Emplaster as this that we have mentioned and thereby brought back the Ribb again into its proper place Some there are indeed who endeavor the bringing back of the broken Ribbs into their places again by the applying of Cupping-glasses but Most Physitians dislike this practise there being great cause to fear lest that by this means there be more of the humor attracted and that otherwise the flesh above the Ribbs is wont to be puffed up But if any broken fragment of the Ribb prick the Membrane so that thereupon most grievous pains and other ill symptoms arise in so much that there be great cause to fear death that part wherein the Ribb is broken is to be opened with the incision knife that so we may the better come at the fragments that prick either to pluck them forth or to cut them off And if likewise there be present any contusion or bruise a vein is then to be opened lest that an Inflammation follow The Ribbs being reduced unto their own places again Nature will then indeed of her own accord generate the Callus which that we may the better assist some Emplaster that is convenient for a fracture of the bones is to be imposed among the which this that followeth is one of the chiefest Take Pouder of Myrtles and red Roses of each one ounce the Meal of Barly of the bitter vetch orobus and of Lentiles of Beans and of Mastick of each two drams Acron Cups Cypress Nuts the rinds of them Frankincense Dragons blood Earth of Lemnios Aloes and Myrrh of each two drams Oyl of Myrtle of Roses and oyl omphacine of each nine ounces Wax and cleer Turpentine of each half a pound and make an Emplaster Some there are that in the progress of the disease wet and soak the swathes in Rosemary water which as they write is a very special and effectual water in all fractures of the bones But if the flesh be moyst and flaggy then the Medicaments before propounded are to be imposed and the place is to be streyned together with swathes and other Coverings that so the flesh may again be conjoyned with the bone And if through Negligence of the Physitian or the sick person himself the Malady be now become old and inveterate and that the flesh be rendered soft and snotty so that there be cause to fear lest that the bones Gristles and Membranes may be hurt we are then to do our endeavour that the said snotty Juice may be discussed by such digesting Cataplasms as we shall anon speak of But if this may not be done the burning iron is the best Remedy and yet here we are to be very cautious that the bone be not made hot or the inward parts hurt If that which was bruised tend toward a Suppuration the Matter is then to be resolved and evacuated with a Cataplasm of Barly meale Bean meal or of the bitter vetch Orobus Camomile flowers and the like As Take Meal of Beans and Barly of each two ounces Wormwood half an ounce the pouder of Camomile flowers Melilote and Eldern of each one ounce boyl them in Spring Water and then add Oyl of Camomile and Roses of each one ounce and make a Cataplasm But if the matter cannot yet be discussed by these Medicaments all delay is to be avoided for fear lest that the bone be vitiated and therefore in that part wherein it most swelleth the part is to be opened either with the Penknife or with the hot Iron that so a free passage forth may be opened for the Pus The Dyet Let the Patients Dyet at the first be thin and very sparing and such as is required in other acute Diseases Let the sick person keep himself as quiet as he can without any Coughing or Sneezing as much as may be let him not talk much nor laugh nor Chafe See Hippocrates in his 3. B. of the Joynts Text 54. c. Galen in his Comment upon the place and Ambrose Parry in his 14. B. and 12. Chapter Chap. 18. Of the Fracture of the Spina Dorsi or Back-bone ANd somtimes it likewise so happeneth that from external and violent Causes the Spina Dorsi or Back-bone and its Vertebrae are broken Signs Diagnostick If the Spina or Back-bone be hroken then there appeareth a Cavity in that place and there is a pain and pricking felt in regard that of necessity those broken fragments of the bones must needs be very Thorny and Pricking as Celsus tels us in his 8. B. and 9. Chap. And if any process of those broken bones that stick forth be broken this is discerned by the touch because that it may be moved this way and that way And moreover if the sick person lie upon his Face the pain is so much the greater and far more then if he stand upright For there the Skin is extended and bruised with the sharp broken fragments but if the sick person stand upright the Skin is then loosened and not so much pricked by
the straining when it is pressed forth add of the Syrup of Fumitory and Borrage of each half an ounce and mingle them well together Or Take the root of Succory Monks Rheubarb Elecampane of each half an ounce Sorrel Fumitory Scabious Bugloss Maiden-hair of each one handful Flowers of Borrage and Bugloss of each half a handful Liquorish thin sliced and Raisins cleansed of each six drams boyl them in a sufficient quantity of spring Water then take of the straining one quart and infuse therein the Leaves of Sene Polypody of the Oak of each one ounce the rind of black Hellebor half an ounce Fenel seed and Anise seed of each two drams Citron one dram Mother of Thyme commonly known by the name of Epithymum five drams Cinnamom one dram afterward let them boyl gently then strain them and sweeten all with Sugar and of this let the Patient take every or every other day two or three ounces with the Broth of a Chicken Or else there are other preparations and Purgations to be appointed Of the Whey of Milk Fumitory Harts tongue Maiden-hair Borrage Bugloss Violets Succory Endive Sorrel Scabious Thyme Scordium or Water Germander Liquorice sharp Dock called by some sowr Sorrel c. Of Epithymum otherwise called wild Tyme or Mother of Tyme Polypody the Leaves of Sene black Hellebor c. Now the Purgers and Preparers are often to be repeated for so great and contumacious a Malady as this cannot be taken away by a Digestive or two neither without frequent Purgations But there are likewise in the mean time Cordiall Medicaments to be made use of and such as extinguish and abolish malignity As Take Conserve of Bugloss Borrage Violets Water Lillies Roses of each two drams Leaves of Gold three or four or more if there be occasion Harts-horn prepared the best Treacle four scruples Syrup of Apples or Borrage as much as is sufficient make an Electuary Or Take Conserve of the Flowers of Borrage Bugloss and Roses of each one dram and half the Species Diarrhodon Abbatis and the best Venice Treacle of each two drams and with the Syrup of Apples make an Electuary of which let the Patient take every day in the morning the quantity of a Walnut and twice or thrice besides every week So soon as the Patient hath taken his Electuary let him presently be put into a Cestern filled with sweet Water and let him fit herein for the space of one hour But let the Bath be so temperate that there be no sweat caused either in the Bath or after his going out of it For if any Sweat be excited it is a sign that the Bath is hotter then it ought to be There are many Physitians that forthwith send away the Patients unto the Natural and Mineral Waters But in regard that they dry exceedingly there oftentimes ariseth thence more hurt then good especially in the beginning of the Disease while the heat and driness are at the highest And there a Bath of sweet Water is far more commodious and safe which tempereth the driness discusseth the excrements and loosneth the Skin After Bathing the body may be anointed over with this Medicament following or such like Take the Juyce of Nighshade and of Scabious of each one ounce the Root of the sharp Dock six drams Vinegar of Roses one ounce Elecampane root and Pimpernel of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses four ounces the Rinds of black Hellebor tied up in a piece of skin three drams boyl them them until the Juyces be boyled away and after this cast away the black Hellebor and then Take fresh Butter one ounce and half Vipers fat or if that cannot be had the best Treacle one ounce burnt Lead half an ounce Litharge and Ceruss of each two drams Frankincense a dram and half Styrax Calamite and Nitre of each two scruples Mingle and stir them wel about together with the Juyce of Lemmons in a Leaden Mortar with a Leaden Pestle untill it hath gotten the form of a Liniment After bathing let him likewise use this Remedy which some hold for a great secret They burn in a new Pot the Head of a Kite which after it is pulled and made bare of its Feathers they cut off as also the Feet and the Bowels being taken out and of the Powder hereof they administer what they think requisite in a fit and convenient Liquor and they prescribe likewise the eating of the rest of the Flesh at thrice that is to say a third part each day for three daies together Solenander writeth that he himself made use of this following Remedy and that with very good success He taketh two or three Vipers or if they cannot readily be gotten other Snakes and dissecteth them alive and then together with good store of Barley he puts them into Water and boyleth them until the Barley become soft With this Barley as also with the very Flesh it self of these Snakes he feeds many Pullets or Chickens and gives them no other food with the which after they have been for some few daies nourished they lose their Feathers and within a short time they again get new ones and afterward with this Flesh and Broths made of them he nourisheth the sick Person by little and little And indeed this Remedy out of Vipers we find to be much used by the Ancients For the body being first purged in the spring time especially they took Vipers and cutting off the Head and Tail casting away the Skin they gave the Flesh of these Vipers to be eaten by their Patients thus affected But Julius Palmarius assureth us that Fernelius although he made it a good part of his Study yet he could not once in all his life time effect what he so much wished and so diligently studied for to wit the recovery and restoring of any by the use of Vipers And by his advice likewise Palmarius himself administred these Vipers and not only the flesh of them prepared divers waies thus and thus but the very Treacle it self also that is made of them and yet notwithstanding without any the least success For although at the first in the beginning of this Disease this kind of Remedy may seem to benefit much yet notwithstanding at the length by it the Elephantiack poyson and virulency is thrust forth into the Skin and all the symptoms so exasperated as he writeth that in the end the putridness being augmented they are as it were torn in sunder Limb after Limb. But however in regard that the Ancients have so much commended the use of Vipers and some likewise of our latter Physitians have extolled the use of them we therefore in this particular advise you to consult experience The Ancients likewise for a Remedy used Castration or Gelding and they tell us in their writings that many have been recovered by this means Which as Valescus de Taranta conjectureth therefore cometh to pass because that the Leprosie proceeding from an overdriness the body by the taking away
may throughly purge it Of such like Potions Tragaultius hath described two the former whereof is this Take Agrimony three parts Plantane two parts Olive Leaves one part Cut them smal and bruise them wel and then boyl them in white Wine let the sick Person drink hereof a small Cup full three or four ounces every day Or Take Osmund or Water-Fern three parts Gentian two parts Centaury one part boyl them in the same manner as aforesaid in white Wine which Potion expelleth and driveth forth likewise Bones that are corrupted Others there are that commend this Potion Take Sanicle i. e. Bears Ears or French Couslips Mugwort Speedwel Saracen Consound Winter-green of each one ounce Savine one ounce and half Hors-tail half an ounce boyl them in white Wine and make a Potion which if we wil at any time make stronger and more operative we may then in the drinkng of it unto each Dose add and mingle therewith half a scruple of Oculus Cancri or the Crabs Eye prepared For Savine and Crabs Eyes are of singular use and benefit in the expelling and driving forth of corrupted Bones Pus putrified Veins and the like Or Take Saracen Consound Sanicle Speedwel of each one ounce Tormentil Root half an ounce Avens and Carduus Benedictus of each an ounce and an half boyl them in Wine Afterward before any thing else be done we must do the utmost of our endeavor that the callous hardness and brawnishness may be removed But now whenas the narrowness of the orifice of the Fistula doth for the most part hinder the application of those Medicaments that are to be administred for the removal of the callous hardness it is therefore to be dilated which may be done either by fire or by an Iron Instrument or else more commodiously and without pain likewise by long sharp tents that are made of Sea-Spunge the pithy substance of the Elder-tree the Roots of Gentian Aristolochy Briony or even likewise of the wild Rape throughly dried For these things being formed into a Pyramidal figure and put into the Fistula the sharp-pointed end downward they soak up the humidity of the Fistula and by this means they are rendered the thicker and so by little and little they dilate and widen the orifice without any pain at al. Which things are somtimes likewise soaked and anointed over with such Medicaments as are in their own nature fit to take away the callous hardness when the callus hindereth the dilatation For there ariseth a callousness especially in the external orifice of the Fistula to wit in the very skin it self it being such as easily becometh hard and such as is made thicker than the flesh that is softer and easily receiveth in the excrements and the humors that flow thereunto Yet nevertheless the very flesh it self somtimes likewise getteth a callous hardness in the cavity of the Fistula The callousness that is in the orifice of the Fistula is sufficiently apparent both unto the touch and to the sight But now whether there be any callousness likewise in the Sinus it self this may be discovered by the searching Instrument For when the Instrument is put into it there is then perceived very little or no pain and there is no blood at al issueth forth but there is a certain hardness perceived if a Callus be present Which if it be absent then there is a great pain excited the blood floweth forth and there is no hardness at all perceived But now wheresoever this Callus is it is to be removed which is done either by Medicaments or by Cutting or by the Fire But then likewise Medicaments are to be administred somtimes such as are mild and moderate and such are Emollients and Digestives and somtimes again those that are stronger and such are Detersives or Cleansers and lastly now and then also the strongest sort of al and such are Causticks In those that are but young and in their youthful age and that have their flesh soft and tender here Emollients and Digestives only are sufficient which do dissipate the said Callus and the matter that is impacted and stuffed into the part that constituteth and causeth the Callus unto which we may likewise if there be occasion add and mingle therewithal some of the Abstersive and Cleansing Remedies And such are the ashes of Figs mingled with the fat of a Goose the Decoction of Fern Root of Agrimony of Olive leaves the great Diachylon and the Unguent Apostolorum But for the most part there wil be need of the stronger and more forcible Remedies which by cleansing or likewise by burning do waste and consume the aforesaid Callus The stronger sort of Medicaments are the Root of Spondylima we usually cal it Cow-parsnep or Meadow-parsnep peeled and pared round about Asphodel Root Snakeweed Briony the Decoction of Lupines and especially above al the lesser Centaury There are some likewise that make use of the Root of black Hellebor and this they put for three daies into the Fistula But Antonius Chalmeteus pre-admonisheth us touching this Root and he tels us that it is a very unsafe and dangerous Remedy and especially if the Fistula be in any part of the Thorax or Chest For when on a time he himself as he saith had once and but once filled with Hellebor a Fistula that was in the Spina Dorsi neer unto the Region of the Heart the sick person very often fel into fainting and swounding fits Those things that are yet stronger are the Aegyptiack Unguent Vitriol burnt Vitriol precipitate the Oyl of Sulphur Trochisques of Minium Chalcitis and that which by the Apothecaries is called Misy and Sory out of which there may be made Compositions for the present use Celsus in his fifth Book writeth that this following is found by good trial and experience to be of singular use and Paulus Aegineta doth the like also in his fourth Book and Chap. 49. in which place we may see more hereof Take of the Rust and soil of Brass twelve drams Ammoniacum two drams Let the Ammoniacum be dissolved in Vinegar and the aforesaid Soil of Brass therewith mingled Or Take strong Ley four ounces the Decoction of Lupines one ounce Honey of Roses strained one ounce and half Allum half an ounce and mingle them If we mind to add any further virtue and strength thereto to make it the more operative we may then add half a dram of Precipitate Mercury Or Take the best Wine Vinegar three parts of the oldest Oyl two parts Litharge one part let the Litharge be bruised in a Mortar with Vinegar and afterward let them boyl al together until they have gotten both the color and consistence of Pitch of which we are then to form long sharp Tents for the present purpose Or Take Litharge half a pound boyl it in Vinegar and Rose water and then strain and filtrate it Afterward Take Calcined Tartar as much as wil suffice dissolve it in destilled Vinegar Mingle the Waters and make
Mortification the Radical humidity being consumed and the Native heat dissipated ariseth from thence ulcers hard to cure are likewise from thence excited the motion of the part is abolished and there are filthy and deformed Cicatrices left remaining 2. Burning by Lightening is likewise very dangerous and for the most part deadly 3. By how much the purer the Body is by so much the more easily is the burning cured But if the Body be either Plethorick or Cacochymical then from the pain and heat there is very easily caused an afflux of the humors and from thence Inflammations putrid ulcers and other evils are excited 4. The Burning is likewise somtimes more and somtimes less dangerous according to the Nature and condition of the parts affected For if there be but only one part burnt there is then less danger than if many parts or the whol body be burnt For when many parts or the whol body be burnt it is very rare that the persons thus burnt should ever be perfectly wel and sound but most commonly they die miserably by the very vehemency of the Symptoms 5. If the burning be so deep that it reach even unto the greater Veins Arteries and Nerves it is then dangerous For when the exsiccated Vessels are contracted and shut up the blood and the spirit cannot then flow unto the affected part from whence there is caused an Atrophy a Gangrene and a deprivation of sense and motion 6. The burnings of the Abdomen are not cured without much difficulty for the Skin is there softer and those Muscles by reason of their various motions are variously extended and contracted 7. If the burning reach even unto the Intestines it is then deadly 8. The burning likewise of the Groyns is very dangerous since that those places are moist and therefore the more fit to receive the afflux of humors 9. The burnings of the Eyes are also dangerous For although they be but light yet notwithstanding they may produce either a stark blindness or a deprivation of the sight or at least a dimmution thereof 10. If the hairy parts be ever a whit grievously burnt they alwaies continue smooth and slick for hairs are never generated in that hard Cicatrice that is brought over the affected part The Cure Indeed some there are that from the ordinary and wel known Axiom of Physitians viz. That Contraries are the Remedies of Contraries are of opinion that such Members as are burnt ought so be cooled and therefore they think that unto those parts that are burnt there must Coolers be immediately applied But this their opinion hath its original from that vulgar but false Conceit viz. That the burning is only an alteration and the introducing of a hot quality whenas notwithstanding the very fire it self and likewise its Atomes are communicated unto the part that is burnt and an Empyreuma as al of them are forced to confess is produced for what indeed else is this Empyreuma which al of them tel us ought to be called forth then the smal parts or particles of the very fire that have penetrated themselves into the burnt part and Experience it self teacheth us That cold things wil not cure burnings but that on the contrary by the said Coolers the fiery particles being thereby thrust down much lower the pain is wonderfully augmented and inflammations yea and the Gangrene it self and the Sphacelus excited but that such things as are hot and that cal forth the Empyreuma are very helpful from whence likewise it is as we al wel know that the burnt parts are not to be plunged into cold water but rather to be put somwhat neer unto the fire Which although that Platerus seem to find fault therewith yet use hath tâ—ught even the very vulgar the truth of this and Aristotle long since took notice hereof as appeareth in his Sect. 2. Problem 56. Neither are those things that are applied hot applied in the nature of Anodynes since that al Anodynes wil not do it as by and by in the Cure it wil appear but only those of them which have virtue and power in them of calling forth the Empyreuma But now similitude and likeness begetteth attraction and the external fire calleth forth the incrinsecal fire that is to say that very fire that it self conveyed into the burnt part as Ambrose Parry tels us very truly in his Book 11. Chap. 9. In the Cure therefore of Burnings let the first care be to cal forth the Empyreuma to wit in the same manner like as we have told you in Part 1. Chap. 15. touching Kibes that the cooled parts are not rightly cured if they be put neer unto the fire or plunged into hot water since that hence the pain becometh so much the more intense and vehement yea and that oftentimes a Gangrene and Sphacelus are excited but if they be first rubbed with Snow or dipt into cold water then the cold is drawn forth so if the Empyreuma be called forth by those things that are hot which is done by means of the similitude or likeness then this Malady is soon taken away Which that it may be rightly done the Cure is to be instituted and ordered according to the degrees of the Burning above propounded First of al therefore if the Burning be but light The Cure of a light burning we must prevent what we can the breeding and arising of Pustules or blisters for if this be done the sick person is then already freed from al the evil of the burning But now this is to be speedily done and therefore whatsoever Medicament we have ready at hand we must forthwith make use thereof and therefore the Member if the nature and condition thereof wil so bear it is to be put a little neer unto the fire or else deeply plunged into hot water or else fomented with a Spunge or a Linen cloth doubled and then wel soaked in warm water that so the Empyreuma by reason of the likeness may be extracted or else immediately a Linen cloth dyed in Varnish is to be imposed upon the burnt Member or a Linen cloth wel wetted in the Ley or water in which unslaked Lime hath been extinguished And then presently Onions bruised in a Mortar with Salt are to be laid upon the burnt part or else this Unguent Viz. Take of a raw Onion one ounce and half Salt Venice Sope of each half an ounce mingle them in a Mortar pouring in unto them as much of the Oyl of Roses as wil suffice and make an Vnguent Or Take Venice Sope three ounces raw Onion one ounce Salt six drams the Oyl of Eggs half an ounce Oyl of Roses and sweet Almonds of each one ounce and half the Mucilage of Quince seeds one ounce mingle them and make an Vnguent Or Take the green Rind of the Elder tree or the first shoots of the Elder let them he wel bruised and then boyled in Butter that is new and unsalted and then strain them Or Take Vnslaked Lime
with the Blood oftentimes burnt and yet nevertheless the sick person doth not hereupon feel any pain or suffer any damage whatsoever And furthermore we say that they attribute unto this Unguent things altogether impossible and those virtues all which are never to be found in any one Natural Medicament For they affirm that by this Unguent may be Cured all wounds whatever whether inflicted by downright cutting or pricking by a fal or any thing cast at the party But great is the diversity of Wounds according to the various Circumstances that attend them and therefore there is not required one only Medicament but divers Medicaments are required unto the Curing of them A Wound inflicted by a sharp and keen Weapon is Cured without the generating of much Pus but in that which is from a blunt Weapon whatsoever is bruised must of necessity al of it convert into Pus And there is also an exceeding great difference of the parts In a fleshy part especially when the man is of a sound and healthy Constitution the Wound is easily Cured but much harder is that Wound to be cured that is inflicted upon the Brain Nerves Tendons and Ligaments especially the greater ones such as are those in the Hams They promise the Patient likewise that the Cure of the Wound shal be altogether without pain which in all parts to perform is a thing altogether impossible For certainly if a Nerve be prickt there is no man that can make good his promise that here in this no pain shall afflict the Party And that we may now conclude whatsoever may be further said in this Controversie the Curing of the Wound that is ascribed unto this Weapon-Salve as hath been said is for the most part to be a attributed unto Nature whose work alone it is to Cure not only light and trivial Wounds but oftentimes also Wounds most grievous and ful of danger Which appeareth even from this that there are so many several desciptions given us of this Unguent and that there have been some who instead of this compound Weapon-Salve have made use of Lard only or Hogs fat and yet notwithstanding the Wound have been Cured which Johannes Colerius testifieth as before we alleadged him that he himself had seen as we may find it in the before cited place of his Oeconomicks But now if upon the administring of this Medicament some most grievous Wound shal be healed which may seem altogether to transcend the power of Nature this cometh to pass by the power of the Devil himself drawn thereunto by some compact either explicite or implicite Neither is the suspition hereof any waies to be lessened or removed by what is said by some to wit that all the simples that make up the Composition of this Medicament Unguent or as it is commonly called Weapon-Salve are all of them altogether Natural and that in the Composition hereof or the anoynting therewith there are neither Characters nor Conjurations nor Charms and Inchantments made use of For the Devil doth oftentimes hide and conceal the Compact that he makes not only under Characters and Consecrations or a certain form of words but likewise even under things Natural if at his command which is done indeed in the first and explicite Compact wherein others that administer and apply the same things implicitely and inconsiderately may likewise involve themselves things that are Natural be made use of for other purposes then what they were Created for by God and oftentimes Diabolical and Magical Actions are concealed and obtruded under the veil of Magnetick Actions And therefore although it be granted that by this Unguent the wounded person is healed which yet nevertheless is as we have said wrought by the benefit of Nature yet it is not impossible but that the Devil that he may destroy the Soul by Gods permission in many things may help the Body after a certain manner yet it is very Credible in regard that he is the implacable enemy of Mankinde and evermore ready and provided to do them all manner of hurt and mischief that he may seduce and draw men as far as lieth in his power from God the Creator and Author of all good and from the Means by him ordained unto things superstitious and unwarrantable practises Chap. 11. Of Altering Medicaments and Vulnerary Potions VVE told you before that there are two sorts of Medicaments that are made use of in the Curing of Wounds external and internal Touching the external we have hitherto spoken we will therefore now in this Chapter handle the internal Now those are of two Sorts some only altering and some in special called vulnerary Altering Medicaments are Coolers Thickners and such as are but lightly lest they might otherwise breed obstructions Astringent which are to this end administred that they may hinder the Humors that they easily wax not hot become fluxile and receive a putridness And such are made of Succory Endive Sorrel Plantane Tormentil Roses Purslane Water Lilly Borrage Saunders Juyce of Citron Juyce of Pome-Granates Harts-Horn Margarites and Coralls out of which there are made Decoctions distilled Waters Syrups Electuaries and Potions Whether Vulnerary potions are to be made use of And moreover there are made use of certain Medicaments potions more espcially that are termed vulnerary Touching which notwithstanding Authors differ amongst themselves For some of them among whom is Balduinus Roussaeus in his Medicinal Epistles Epist 66. do indeed admit of them in those wounded parts unto which these kinde of Potions do reach as the Gullet Stomack and Intestines and then they have in a manner the place of Topick Medicaments but in the external parts they reject them The Nagative for these Causes First Because that in the writings of Hippocrates and the Ancient Physitians they finde no mention made of these vulnerary potions Secondly because that by Reason of the distance of the Scituation they will not beleeve that these potions can possibly penetrate unto the extream Limbs or the Head nor yet unto the greater and thicker Guts unto which therefore when they are wounded Medicaments may more commodiously be injected by Clysters then given to drink yea they conceive that those Astringents that for the most part are mingled therewith may hinder that those Medicaments may not penetrate unto the more deep and inward parts Thirdly Because thac there is a great difference between the Medicaments out of which these potions are prepared since that some of them are hot and opening as Betony Speed-well Mugwort Avens Carduus Benedictus c. as also Cold and Astringent as great Comfrey Winter green Hors-Tail Burnet Tormentil c. So that it doth not sufficiently appear of what faculty the Medicaments ought to be out of which these potions are prepared and what virtues these potions have in them Fourthly whenas yet notwithstanding they are most of them Astringent they think that being administred they bring more hurt then good and benefit unto the Patient in regard that
above propounded and set down in the first part Chap. 5. among the defensives in an inflammation The Medicament being layd on the part is to be bound up with a swath that may bind close the vein toward the root thereof and the ligature is not to be loosned before the third or fourth day or indeed it is not to be untyed until the blood be throughly stanched Avicen in his Quart Quarti tr 2. Chapt. 18. tells us of this following medicament that hath in it not only a power of burning but likewise an astringent faculty and a virtue also to generate and breed flesh As Take Chalcanthum Parget made into a very fine powder and sifted thorow a hayr steve of each twenty drams Frankincense powdered six drams Aloes dry Glue of each eight drams Arsenick four drams I had rather here take Mâ—rcury sublimate in regard that many who are ignorant of things Chymical and Metallick of ten times when sublimate in general is mentioned and Mercury sublimate is evermore to be understood there instead thereof these do substitute and appoint Arsenick let them be al beaten into a very fine and smal powder made up in a liniment and imposed upon the orifice of the vessel Some there are that unto this Medicament do add Dragons blood and the excrescence Hypocistis But those internal medicaments that stanch blood are either such as cool and thicken the blood or else they are those we cal Narcoticks The coolers and thickners are prepared of Myrtle Roses Purslane Lettice Berberries Ribes Succory Quinces Pomgranates Tormentil Corals Bolearmenick Sealed Earth Out of which may be made Powders Waters Syrups and from these potions and Electuaries There are likewise some certain things that are sayd to stay the blood by an occult and secret property and thus Strawberry Water is much Commended in al haemorrhages And the Root of Corn-rose or Cockle held under the tongue stoppeth the hemorrhage And some there be that for this purpose commend unto us the roots of that Cichory that hath a white flower And some there are that order the Patient to hold in his hand the Jasper Stone or the Blood Stone Stupefactives are not over commonly to be administred neither indeed at all unless the strength remain firm and entire for fear lest that the powers being already much weakned and fayling by reason of the over great loss of blood should by these stupefactives be farther dejected but if the Patients strength wil admit of it then we may administer one grain or two at the most of Opiat Laudanum But now that the blood when it is stanched may so remain for this the situation of the wounded part maketh very much which ought to be such that the Member may look upward and be free from all pain For pain doth very easily attract the blood and cause it to break forth again and the blood doth more easily flow unto a declining and downward place If yet the blood by this means be not stanched they tell us that we are then to cast upon the vessel pouring forth the blood somthing to tye it withal and especially toward the root thereof by which the branch looks toward the Liver or the Heart and that the veins or Arteryes are to be made naked and bare to be layd hold on with a hook and then presently with a thread of silk especially to be tyed and the thread to be drawn very hard and close upon them and then they appoint that the wound be filled up with flesh before the bond be quite taken off For if the flesh shal not first of al have filled up the place that is about the vessel and have shut the very orifice of the vessel it self the bond falling off the haemorrhage wil again easily follow But the truth is that these things are more easily required and commanded then they are put in practice performed If a vein or an Artery wounded pouring forth blood be wholly cut assunder the blood is then the more easily stanched for the vessel is drawn back and on both sides contracted within it self and so its orifice is covered and shut up by the bodies that lie round about it But the best safest and most easie way if it be rightly ordered of stanching the blood is that which is wrought by Medicaments that stop and stay the Blood and shut up the orifice thereof as they were before propounded by us When the Blood shal be stopt the Wound is scarcely to be opened before the third day And if the Wound be unbound yet notwithstanding if there be yet any further fear of the Bloods breaking forth again the Medicament is not wholly to be taken away if it be not as yet moystened and vitiated by the purulent and sanious matter But if by these it be made so moist that it is ready of it self to drop off another is in this case to be laid on if there be yet any further flux of blood feared And yet notwithstanding we are herein to deal very Cautiously and with all manner of Circumspection and with the one hand that part of the Vessel toward the Root thereof is to be pressed down close together that so the flux of blood may be restrained and with the other hand the Medicament is to betaken off the moist Wound to be clean and dried and a new Medicament laid on But now if the internal Vessels shall be so wounded that they can neither be tied together by any ligature neither yet obstruâ—â—ed and shut up by any Medicaments laid thereon then Medicaments out of those things that have in them a virtue to cool and thicken the Blood and which were but even now mentioned by us are to be provided and a Dyet that is like and answerable thereunto as we have said is to be prescribed Now when the blood shal be fully stanched and shall become clotted then we must use the best of our endeavour to prevent the putrefying of it but that it be rather dissolved which in what manner it is to be performed we have declared before in the 2. Book Part 2. Chap. 6. and above in the first Part and 16. Chap. where what we have written may be seen at large for in this Chapter it is our purpose only to treat of the stanching of the Haemorrhages of Wounds The Dyet The Dyet is likewise so to be ordained that it may stop and stanch the Blood and to this end Meats are to be provided of Rice of Amylum or the fine flour of Wheat Barley Pears Ribes Quinces Services Medlars Lettice Endive The Patient ought to abstain from Wine He must likewise keep himself from Rage and Anger all Commotion of the Minde and over vehement motion and Exercise of the Body and therefore his Adversary that gave him the Wound is not to be admitted into the Room where the Patient is Chap. 15. Of the Wounds of the Nerves and Tendons in general and of the pricking of the
therefrom Touching the Quartan we have spoken before where we treated of Feavers There are oftentimes other Feavers long continued and sufficiently dangerous and likewise very often intermingling Feavers but for the most part they are inordinate Feavers that arise in this manner and by this means Of this I here cured in the yeer 1636. in the month of April a certain man of a melancholy Constitution An example of a continual Feaver from the Scabs retiring inwardly and who had withal likewise a continued Feaver together with a sore and very grievous Cough by means of which he cast forth and brought away much Spittle and somtimes also great store of blood he was likewise afflicted with a difficulty and shortness of breathing insomuch that there was now great cause to suspect and fear a Phthisis or Consumption Now having for eight daies made use of Medicaments to very little purpose I made a further and more strict enquiry into the Cause of the Disease and then the Patient gave me to understand which until now he had concealed from me that before he was taken with this Disease he had the Scabies or scabbiness as we cal it the which was no sooner vanished and gone but this Feaver and Cough followed thereupon The which I no sooner came to understand but that I used the utmost of my endeavor by Medicaments made of Fumitory and such like to cause the Scabs again to break forth Which I had no sooner effected and administred such other Medicaments as I thought fit but both the Feaver and the Cough ceased and the man is yet living and perfectly sound without any the least fear of a Consumption I have told you elsewhere of a certain Student Another example of blindness from the same cause this man affected with this Scabies after and immediately upon the striking in of the Scabs became instantly blind and for two daies could see nothing at al this his blindness was likewise accompanied with an extraordinary streightness of the Breast difficulty of breathing and black Urines This man upon the use of fit and convenient Medicaments that were administred to evacuate the adust humor as Fumitory and such like within four daies recovered his sight again The same party a quarter of a yeer after being again afflicted with the same Malady did not lose his sight as formerly And likewise of the Epilepsie but had one fit of the Falling-sickness But yet notwithstanding having had fit and proper Medicaments prescribed him he again recovered I have likewise seen many that from Scabbiness have been surprized and invaded with prickings and shootings in the Breast And many other discommodities and inconveniences arising from the same cause with the bastard Pleurisie and dangerous stitches and likewise with the Cachexy I knew also a youth aged fourteen yeers that upon the unseasonable use of inunctions against the Scabies to made his Urines black lost his sight and at length being seized upon by the Epilepsie and the fits thereof being become very frequent in the end he died thereof Wherefore we say that this Scabies is no way to be sleighted neither driven inwardly or up and down and if it arise from any internal vice of the humors and the Cacochymy then externall Medicaments are by no means to be administred before the use of Purgers and other internal necessary Medicaments But now what hath been said touching the Scabies or Scabbiness The same is likewise to be taken and understood touching the Achores in Infants the same is likewise to be asserted touching the Achores or running sores in the Head yielding a thin excrement in Infants Concerning these Hippocrates in his Book of the Epilepsie or Falling sickness which he calleth Morbus Sacer writeth thus Those Infants saith he that have Vlcers breaking forth upon their Heads and upon their Ears and upon the rest of their Body and such as spit often and abound with Snot these are they that in the progress of their age live most at ease For hither floweth and from hence is likewise purged forth that Flegm which ought to have been purged in the Mothers Womb and these Infants that are thus purged are never seized upon by the Falling sickness Whereas on the conâ—rary iâ—â—â—ther the Physitians or the Women-Doctors as they call them do without due caution and unseasonably administer astringent and Repelling Medicaments and therby heal up the said Achores the Infants must then unavoidably fal into Feavers the Epilepsie Convulsions the vitious humor retiring and running unto the internal parts and somtimes likewise they within a very short space even die hereupon The Cure Now therefore in the first place there is a due care and regard to be had in point of Diet and there must be a totall abstinence from those Meats that generate adust and salt humors Viz. all things that are salt sharp bitter Oyls themselves and whatsoever partaketh of an oyly Nature and on the contrary Meats of a good and wholsom Juyce are constantly to be fed upon And this may also be observed and taken for a general rule that it is more convenient that the food that is given unto Persons that are thus affected to wit with Scabbiness be rather boyled than either rost or fried For what is either roasted or fried doth especially generate a more sharp and dry humor After this the acrimony sharpness of the humors is to be qualified and tempered and the distemper of the Liver is especially to be reduced unto its pristine Natural state and the salt and sharp humors are likewise to be evacuated And therefore in the very beginning the first waies and passages as we term them are to be purged and emptied as for example Take Electuar Diatholic half an ounce Powder of prepared Sene half a dram and so with Sugar make a Bole. If there be present any extraordinary store of Blood that the humors are overhot it wil then be very requisite and proper to open a Vein in the Arm. For Nature is wont to expel the vitious humors out of those greater internal Veins unto the external branches and those that lie under the Skin which from thence a Vein being opened are together with the Blood evacuated Afterwards in a moist Scabies from salt Flegm Preparatives are to be administred of Cichory Agrimony the Hop and Maiden-hair and Purgers of Agarick Rheubarb and Sene Leaves In a dry Scabies Preparers of Fumitory Borrage Bugloss Violets and Purgers of Epithymum we commonly call it Mother of Tyme Polypody Sene black Hellebor from whence for this present purpose various forms and Receipts may be made and compounded As Take the Roots of Cichory one ounce Polypody sowr Sorrel the inward rind of the black Alder Tree of each half an ounce of Sassafras wood rasped Liquorish of each two drams Fumitory Sorrel Agrimony Scabious of each one handful Epithymum the Flowers of Borrage and Bugloss of each half a handful Raisins
destilled by a gentle fire and there wil come forth a cleer water and a little after there wil follow a reddish oyl then augment the fire ever and anon more and more increasing it unto the end of the destillation This being done separate the oyl from the Water and keep them both assunder This water in a short time will become of a reddish colour and the oyl wil be of the color of a Rubie This oyl is exceeding good for Wounds but especially the Wounds of the Nervous parts of the bones and of the Veins for it Consolidates speedily and without pain Another Take Earth-worms as many of them as you think fit put them into a Vessel filled up with the Moss of the wild Sloe-Tree to the end that creeping through the Moss they may be purged from their filth add likewise unto them the yelks of Eggs hard boyled and sliced that they may serve them for food Of these Earth-worms thus prepared take one pound and let them be well bruised in Mortar and then add Oyl of Roses one pinte boyl them and afterwards strain them and unto the straining add of Mastick and Myrrh of each two drams the Root of Orace and Sarcocol of each six drams Turpentine and Honey of Roses an ounce and half Mingle them Or Take Oyl of Olives one pinte Turpentine three ounces flowers of St. Johns-wort Mullein of each a sufficient quantity that there may be a Masse made unto which pour of the best white Wine a measure and a half and boyl them til the Wine be consumed Let the species be afterwards put in the Sun for two months that so there may be made an Oyl or a Balsam Or Take Roots of the greater Consound as much as you please thereof put them in a new Pot and pour in of the Oyl of Olives unto a good heighth boyl them and press forth the Liquor the Juyce thus pressed forth boyl it again so long until there be none of the Wateriness left remaining and then afterwards Take Of this Oyl three parts Oyl of Turpentine one part Flowers of St. John wort and of the greater Celandine of each as much as will suffice let them be mingled and melted together and so put into a Glass Flagon and so let them stand for fourty daies in horse dung and then you shall have a Balsam which you are to instill Warm into the Wound Or Take Oyl Olive a pinte and half St. John-wort Betony Prunella or Self-heal Centaury of each one handful let the Herbs be bruised together and with the Oyl let them be shut up in the Glass Vessel and then set them in the heat of the Sun for the space of fourty daies there to digest and afterwards press forth the liquor which you may reserve for use The following Oyl as Hieronymus Fabricius tels us is in Spain very much commended for all Wounds of the Nervous parts Take Of the oldest Oyl three ounces pure Turpentine eight ounces whole Wheat one ounce and half Seed of St. Johns wort two ounces Roots of Carduus Benedict and Valerian of each one ounce Frankincense powdered two ounces let the Roots and Herbs be bruised in a gross manner and put into a Pot and then pour in so much white Wine that all may swim in the Wine or at least be covered therwith and after two daies infusing let the Oyl and the Wheat be added and then boyl them all until the wine be wasted away and presently after having first strongly pressed forth the Liquor add the Turpentine and Frankincense then let them be again a little boyled and kept for use in a Glass Vessel The manner of using it is thus The Wound being first washed with cold white Wine the whole Wound is then forthwith to be anoynted with the Oyl aforesaid a little warm but if this cannot conveniently be done it is then with a Pipe or Funnel to be conveied within the Wound and immediatly the Lips of the Wound are to be brought together so close that they may touch either by a Ligature or by sewing or by Gluing And then the parts that lie round about are likewise to be anointed with the aforesaid Oyl Upon the Lips of the Wound now drawn together you are to lay on a Linen Cloth wet in the aforesaid Oyl and above upon this another wet in black Wine and then wrung dry and then upon this another dry Linen Cloth and then Lastly upon al the Swathe is to be rolled about and fastened That Oyl likewise which they cal the Oyl of Hispana is much commended The Oyl of Hispana and it is thus to be prepared and made Take Old Oyl of Olive four pound Oyl of Turpentine two pound Frankincense one pound Valerian St. Johns-wort Carduus Benedict of each half a pound Elect and Choice Myrrh one ounce Cutchioneal four ounces new Rosin of the Pine three ounces Malmesey three pintes Let the Valerian be gathered in the month of May and cast away the Roots The St. Johns-wort may be gathered in the month of July with the Flowers and Seeds The Herbs therefore being broken with the Hands and a little bruised in a Mortar let them be infused in the Malmsey and put into an Earthen Pot covered over with Glass of which said Pot let the third part remain empty of all those things aforesaid that are put into it for four hours In the next place let the Cutcheoneal a little broken in a Mortar together with the Oyl be put upon the rest and so without any Covering let them boyl by a gentle Fire until the Wine be well nigh wasted and here great care must be taken that the Herbs be not burnt in the boyling After this let it be taken from the fire and while it is yet scalding hot let the Herbs be pressed and squeezed very hard in a bag first soaked in Malmsey And then let the Vessel in which the boyling was be carefully cleaned and yet nevertheless it will not be altogether dried for there will still be left some of the Wine sticking to the sides and in the same Vessel let the Oyl be again put to the Fire with the Oyl of Turpentine or that that sweats forth of the Fir-Tree and so soon as ever it begins to boyl let the Mirrh bruised and beaten very smal be added and melted in a Mortar with a little of the Oyl that is in the Vessel over the Fire Let Rosin in like manner be added melted with the same Oyl yet nevertheless it must be first strained through a strainer and then add the Frankincense being very finely powdered let al the other things be in the most exact and curious manner mingled together and when they have boyled a little let the Vessel be taken from the Fire and when they are grown cold let it be kept in a Glass Vessel without any straining at al and so let it be set abroad in the Sun for fifteen or twenty daies Caesar Magatus commendeth