off by one half but still obstructing the other constitute the containing Cause IV. Thus the Motion of the Left-side was taken away because that half of the Pith being obstructed the Animal Spirits could not enter into that half of the Pith nor the Nerves proceeding from it which causes a Cessation of the Actions of the Instruments of voluntary Motion or the Muscles on that side But the Sense is not quite lost but remains very dull because that several Spirits pass through the contracted Pores of the Pith sufficient for Motion yet not anew to impart Sense to the feeling Parts V. This Malady is hard to be cured by reason of the detension of a viscous and tenacious Humor in a cold Part but Youth and Strength of Body promise hopes of Recovery VI. The Method of Cure requires the Attenuation and Dissipation of the Obstructing Humor 2. To prevent the Afflux of any more 3. To take away the antecedent Cause 4. To cortoborate the Parts affected VII For Evacuation of the Flegmatic Humor give these Pills â„ž Mass of Pill Cochiae Ê’s Extract of Catholicon ℈ s. with a little Syrup of Stoechas make up vij Pills Instead of them may be given Powder of Diaturbith or DiacarthamumÊ’j or a Draught of an Insusion of Leaves of Senna Root of Jalap Agaric These Purges are to be repeated by Intervals VIII Blood-letting is not proper in this Case IX To corroborate the nervous Part of the Body and prevent the Generation of flegmatick Humors let him take this Apozem â„ž Root of Acorns Fennel an Ê’vj Florence Orice Ê’iij Betony Ground-pine Marjoram Rosemary Calamint Thime an M. j. Flowers of Stoechas M. s. Seeds of Fennel Caroways Bishops-weed an Ê’j s. Water and Wine equal parts boil them to a Pint and a half and to the Straining add Syrup of Stoechas â„¥ iij. For an Apozem Of which let the Patient take four ounces three or four times a day with a small Quantity of this Conditement â„ž Specier Diambr Diamosch Dulcis an ℈ iiij Conserve of Flowers of Sage Anthos Root of Acorns candied an Ê’v Syrup of Stoechas q. s. X. The Use of Paralitic and Apoplectic Waters will be very proper in this Case of which there are several to be found among the Prescriptions of Physicians XI If the Disease will not submit to these Remedies let him take every Morning five ounces of the following Decoction and sweat in his Bed according to his Strength â„ž Lig. Guaiacum â„¥ iiij Sassafras Sarsaperil an â„¥ ij Water lbvij Macerate these twenty four hours then boil them adding toward the end Roots of Acorns Valerian Butter-bur Fennel an Ê’vj Galangale Licorice sliâ—…'d an Ê’ij Herbs Betony Miij Ground-Ivy M. ij Thyme Marjoram Rosemary Flowers of Stoechas an M. j. Sage Ms. Iuniper-berries â„¥ j. Boil them to lb. iij. XII For Corroboration of the Head prepare this Quilt â„ž Flowers of Rosemary Marjoram Thyme Flowers of Lavender Melilot an one small Handful Cloves Nutmegs an ℈ ij For a Quilt XIII While these things are doing let the Spine of the Back be well chafed with hot Cloaths especially in the Neck about the Head and then fomented with a Fomentation of hot Cephalics boiled in Wine or else anoint the Neck with this Liniment warm â„ž Oyl of Foxes Spike Rue Goose and Cats-grease an Ê’vj Oyl of Turpentine â„¥ s. Oil of Peter Rosemary Amber an ℈ ij Powder of Castoreum ℈ iiij After Unction and Friction lay on this Plaister â„ž Pul Castoreum Ê’ij Benjamin Ê’j Galbanum Opoponax dissolved in Spirit of Wine Emplaster of Betony Lawrel-Berries and Melilot an Ê’vj Mix them according to Art XIV This Disease requires a hot dry and pure Air. Meats of good juice and easie Digestion calefying and attenuating For Drink Hydromel or Wine imbib'd with Rosemary Marjoram Betony Cardamum c. Now and then a Draught of Hypocrass or a Spoonful of Juniper-wine or Anthoswine or Aquae Vite of Matthiolus will not be improper avoid long Sleeps and Repletion and let Natures Evacuations be regular and due HISTORY XIII Of Trembling A Man fifty years of Age struck with a great and sudden Terror immediately fell down fixing his Eyes upon the Standers by but not able to speak Soon after recovering his Spirits he talked well enough but rose up with a Trembling over his whole Body From that time when he moved his Limbs the Trembling still remained which as his Body drew cold was more violent as he grew warm abated I. TRembling is a Deprivation of the Voluntary Motion of the Limbs by which they are agitated with a contrary Motion in a continued Vicissitude II. The antecedent Cause is a Flegmatic Humor contained in the Brain which being stirred by the great sudden and disorderly Commotion of the Spirits proceeding from the Terror and cast off to the Pith of the Spine constitutes the containing Cause III. For the Humor in that place contracting the Pores of the Pith prevents the free Influx of the Animal Spirits through the Marrow into the Nerves and Muscles So that not being sufficient to perfect the voluntary Motion it happens that the Limbs are moved forward by a voluntary Motion but are depressed by their own Weight so that both together cause a trembling Motion IV. This Trembling is more vehement in the Body when cold less violent when the Body is warm Because the Pores are more contracted by the Cold and more dilated by the Heat Which causes a freer or less open Passage to the Animal Spirits and consequently a more or less vehement Trembling V This Trembling is not a little dangerous for it may turn to a Palsey or may be accompanied with an Apoplexy a Carus or a Lethargy VI. The Cure is the same as of the Palsey HISTORY XIV Of a Convulsion A Maid about thirty years of Age received a Wound in her Right-arm which laid a Nerve bare but unhurt However she lay in a cold Place and by reason of her Poverty not well guarded against the Cold and besides an unskilful Chyrurgeon having stopped the Blood put a Tent into the Wound dipped in Egyptiaeum and the Apostles Oyntment which caused a most painful and vehement Convulsion in her Arm which soon after was accompanied with a Convulsion of the Thigh on the same side and of her Arm and Thigh on the other side which lasted sometimes half a quarter sometimes an Hour sometimes half an hour intermitting and returning She was in such Pain that many times it made her talk idly I. THE Nerves and Muscles of this Patient were affected as appeared by the Motion not spontaneous and that still more encrease and her Head was grieved as appeared by the Delirium II. This Simptom is called a Convulsion which is a continued and unvoluntary Contraction of the Nerves and Muscles toward their beginning III. The remote Cause was the Wound received which laid the Wound bare The next Cause was the sharp and biting Oyntment provoking the Nerve and the cold
Tumors to ripen them as they concoct crude Humors and hasten Suppuration so being taken in Decoctions or eaten they drive out the Small Pox and cause a swift Maturation of them as daily Experience tells us Only when you use them this one thing is to be observed that neither they nor their Decoctions must be given to them whose Bellies are Laxative or over-loose or where a Loosness is feared for they may excite a pernicious Flux where the Patient is subject already to Loosness Frequently therefore Physitians will not prescribe the simple Decoction of Figs but a Composition for the same purpose somewhat of this nature â„ž French Barley cleansed â„¥ j. Licorice sliced Ê’ij Red Vetches â„¥ j. s. Turnep-seed Fennel-seed an Ê’ ij Figs no. xvij Water q. s. Make a Decoction according to Art to two Pints To this Decoction some add Carduus and Water Germander others Lentils and Raisins of the Sun Parsley-seed Culumbine-seed Turnep and others other Ingredients These two Decoctions are taken from Avicen and Rases much used and approved by succeeding Physitians â„ž Lacca washed Ê’ v. Lentils peel Ê’vj Gum Tragacanth Ê’ iij. Water q. s. make a Decoction to a Pint and half â„ž Figs Ê’ vij Lentils peel'd Ê’iij Lacca Ê’ij s. Tragacanth Fennel-seed an Ê’ ij Water lb s. Boil this to the remainder of the third Part. Such a Decoction also may be somewhat otherwise prescribed â„ž Raisins of the Sun stoned â„¥ ij dry Figs no. x. â—…entils peel'd â„¥ iiij Lacca Ê’ j. s. Fennel-seed Ê’iij Parsley-seed Ê’ j. s. Saffron ℈ j. VVater lb iij. Boil them to two Pints Garcias Lopez prescribes a Decoction of the same nature after this manner â„ž Dry Figs no. x. Iujubes without Kernels no. xv Lentils peel'd â„¥ ij Seeds of Fennel Dill Parsley Quinces an Ê’ij Lacca Tragacanth Roses Saunders an Ê’ ij VVater q. s. Boil them according to Art and to the strained Liquor add Saffron powdered Ê’ s. But Cardan Io. Baptist. Sylvaticus Amatus of Portugal Septalius and some others disallow Lentils and Tragacanth Sennertus approves those compounded Decoctions only upon the score of Experience because many Physitians have been successful in the use of them not that he gives any reason for it But I will give my reason which is this because they somewhat thicken the Boiling Blood and dispose it to a quicker Maturation of the Blood and therefore I think them fit to be made use of not only at the beginning of the Distemper to drive out the Pox but a little after the beginning to hasten their Expulsion and Maturation as we said but now concerning Figs. There are some who distill these Decoctions and give the distilled Water to the Patients But these are Fools in Chymistry not knowing that Lac Figs Lentils Tragacanth and such other primary viscous and sweet Ingredients do not pass through the Lembec in Distillation whence of a good and effectual Decoction they make a Water altogether ineffectual If the Heat be not very intense you may to very good purpose add to the Decoction of Figs the Roots of Elecampane which prosperously promote Expulsion Others add the Flowers of Marigolds Instead of these Decoctions when the strength of the Disease and great necessity does not urge them these pleasing Emulsions may be aptly prescrib'd for nice and curious Palates â„ž Sweet Almonds peel'd â„¥ j. of the four Cold seeds peel'd an Ê’j s. Seed of Navews Columbines Carduus Benedict an Ê’j Barley water q. s. make an Emusion to a pint to which add refin'd Sugar or for the richer sort Manus Christi very clear â„¥ s. or q. s. to render it gratefully sweet Mingle all together and make an Emulsion â„ž Seed of Carduus Benedictus peel'd of Columbines of Navews an Ê’ij Melons â„¥ iij. Fennel and Carduus VVaters an â„¥ iij. adding of Manus Christi q. s. for sweetness mingle all together for Infants and Children All the Germans make these Emulsions with the Distill'd Waters of Sorrel Borage Carduus and Scabious c. But we ascribe little strength to them and value more the Decoction of Barley which may in some manner promote Maturation If there be any who with more discretion think fit to use Sweet-meats they may be prescrib'd after this manner â„ž Root of Elecampane Condited Conserve of Borage and Violets an â„¥ j. Syrup of Elecampane q. s. mix them and make an Electuary â„ž The pulp of large Raisins of the Sun and Figs preserv'd Orange-peel Conserve of Roses an Ê’vj Syrup of Orangs q. s. mix them for an Electuary â„ž Pulvis Liberans Ê’j Harts-horn burnt Ê’ s. Citron rind condited Wallnuts preserv'd Conserve of Marigold slowers an Ê’vj Syrup of Wallnuts q. s. mix them for an Electuary The Chymists applaud their dissolutions Magistery's and Essences of Pearls Coral Harts-horn and the like rather to be magnified for their hard Names then the benefit of their Operation as by which great effects are promis'd to be done but very little perform'd and which seem rather to aim at the gain of the Seller's then the Recovery of the Patient To all the foresaid Medicines if there be any Intense heat of a Fever some cooling things may be added as if you should add to the Decoctions Borage Succory Lettice Violet leaves Endive Bugloss Roses the four Cold seeds c. or to the Electuaries Conserve of Violets Roses Water Lillies Powder of Diatragacanth or Cold Diamargarit Trochises of Spodium or Ivory calcin'd and the like Besides Internal Medicaments Bauderon prescribes for the quick driving out the Pox and provoking of Sweats Epithemes which are a sort of Decoctions Fomentations Emplasters Oyls to anoint the Pulses and the like to be outwardly applyed But these do all more harm then good and by means of the Ventilation of the Air rather hinder then promote the provocation of Sweat However in the use of all these things a common Error of many Physitians is here to be taken Notice of who intermix with their Medicaments Sorrel green Grapes Barberies Ribes Apples Juice and Syrup of Limons Tamarinds and such kind of sowr things and this as they say to mitigate the heat and stop the Ebullition Certainly these Gentlemen are altogether out of the way Let them if they please by means of Acids mitigate the heat in Inflamations burning and tertian Fevers and such like Vitious Fermentations of the Blood but not in this Distemper which is to be brought to a Crisis and Expulsion and ripening of the morbific matter by some excess of heat and Ebullition and so to throw off the Disease For Acids because they quell the heat and Sulphureous Ebullition which attends this Disease and hinder the necessary Concoction as also the Expulsion and Maturation of the morbific matter and are hurtful to the Breast are so prejudicial that hardly any thing can be prescrib'd more dangerous CHAP. XI Of the Cure of the Parts of the Body more Afflicted then others and first of the Internal AFter General Curation which regards
in the first place the Preservation and Life of the whole Body some few things are to be said concerning the special Cure of some parts which in this Disease are more Afflicted then others Because that the Morbific matter either is more especially troublesom to them or falls upon them with greater force and in greater abundance Now the Parts more then others Afflicted are either Internal or External The principal Internal Parts are the Lungs the Stomach the Guts the Liver and the Reins and that they are Affected and greivously Prejudic'd is discern'd by the bad Performance of their Functions But although when these Parts whether one or more be particularly afflicted the danger of the Patients is so great that very few so seiz'd recover from the Disease and escape nevertheless because all do not dye but some are sav'd it behoves the Physitian to Devise what Cure may be done in these desperate Cases and as much as may be to lessen the cause of the Disease and asswage the Symptoms that so he may either restore the Patient to Health or procure him a more easie Death In General the Decoctions of Lentils Lack and Tragacanth relieve all these Parts and Bowels so Afflicted For Lack preserves the Liver Spleen and Kidneys Lentils Corroborate the Intestines and Tragacanth defends the spiritual Parts Particularly sweet things are proper for the Lungs Labouring under Sickness as being those things which promote Maturation asswage Coughing and facilitate Spitting Such are Syrup of Colts-foot Licorice Jujubes Wild Poppies Violets Roses cold Diatragacanth Diapendium Powder and Juice of Licorice Conserves of Roses Borage Violets and the like of which as occasion requires sometimes Loches sometimes Trochischs sometimes Electuaries are made Or else Pectoral Decoctions of Barley cleans'd Colts-foot Althea Violet Leaves Figs Raisins Jujubes c. are sweeten'd by their mixture Treacle at the beginning powerfully asswages Vomiting of the Stomach and Pains of the Heart Afterwards some such kind of Emulsion is to be Administer'd â„ž Sweet Almonds cleans'd â„¥ j. four greater Cold seeds an Ê’j s. Lettice and Columbine seed an Ê’j s. White Poppy seed Ê’ij s. Barley water q. s. make an Emulsion for one pint To which add Syrup of Poppies Ê’ij Syrup of Borage â„¥ s. Mix them Outwardly a Fomentation may be applyed to the Region of the Stomach of a Decoction of Mallows Althea Mint Sage Thyme Marjoram Flowers of Roses Camomil and Melilot seeds of Anise and Cumin After Fomentation for the greater Corroboration of the Part anoint with this Liniments â„ž Oyl of Mint and Anise an â„¥ j. Expression of Nutmegs Ê’j s. Oyl of Spike and Bricks an Ê’j Mix them for a Liniment After Unction let this little Bag be lay'd on sprinkled with hot Wine or else boyl'd a little in Wine and gently squeez'd â„ž Ledves of Majoram Rosemary Sage Flowers of Melilot and Roses an half â—… handful Seeds of Dill Lovage Cumin Nutmegs an Ê’j Clove Gilliflowers ℈ ij make a gross Powder and sow it in a little Linnen bag according to Art Treacle Mithridate Diascordium Hart's-horn burnt Crabes Eyes Powdred Terra Sigellata or sealed Earth red Coral conserve of red Roses or else the first Decoction of Avicen in the foregoing Chapter asswage the Gripings of the Guts and stop the Flux of the Belly Or else some such kind of Almond Composition â„ž White Poppy seed Ê’iij Sweet Almonds cleansed â„¥ ij Decoction of Barley q. s. make an Emulsion to a Pint to which add Syrup of Poppies and dry Roses an Ê’iij mix them together for an Almond composition When the Liver is affected the same Amygdalate will be very proper adding the four cold Seeds Or else a Decoction of Barley with red Roses and red Saunders sweetned with Syrup of wild Poppies Roses and Violets Or else an Electuary of Citron Rinds condited Conserve of Roses Borage Violets and Powder of the three Saunders with an addition of Syrup of wild Poppies For the Kindneys if the Patient makes Bloody Water the following Emulsion is to be prescribed â„ž Sweet Almonds cleansed â„¥ j. s. the four cold Seeds an Ê’j White Poppy seed Ê’iij Decoction of Barley q. s. make an Emulsion to a Pint. In which dissolve Tragacanth powdered ℈ ij Syrups of Wild Poppy dryed Roses and Cumphry an â„¥ s. Mix them together for an Almond composition Liddelius in this case commends powder of Amber Trochischs of Yellow Amber or Alkakengy with an Emulsion of the four greater cold Seeds These are the primary and cheif things which can be prescribed and administred in these most dangerous cases when the inner Bowels are greivously affected according to which method Physiclans may and ought to devise many others of the same Nature For a Patient is not presently to be abandond as uttterly lost in the pangs of extremity and danger of Death which would be an uncharitable act in Christanity but it behoves a Physitian to try his utmost and leave the rest to God who has many times restored to Health such as have lain in a desperate condition CHAP. XII Of the Cure of the External Parts THE External Parts which are usually most afflicted by this Distemper are the Hands and Feet the Mouth and Chaps the Nose the Ears the Eyes and Face At the coming forth of the small-Pox or when they begin to ripen many times an extraordinary Pain and Itching afflicts the Persons diseased in the hollow of their Hands and the Soles of their Feet because the thickness of the Skin in those Parts prevents their coming forth You shall cure this symptom by somenting those Parts in warm water or in warm water mixt with Sweet Milk or in a mollifying Decoction If the small Pox are come out very thick about the Mouth and Chaps they cause a difficulty of Respiration and swallowing In this case the Mouth is frequently to be washed and the Throat also frequently gargl'd with the simple Decoction of Figgs or if there be any Inflammation or violent heat the same Decoction may be thus prescribed â„ž Barley cleansed â„¥ j. s. sliced Figs no. xvij Raisins of the Sun stoned â„¥ j. s. Leaves of Althea Violets Endive Lettice an one handful and a half flowers of pale Roses one handful of Elder one handful Water q. s. make a Decoction of two pints to wash the Mouth When the Pox are ripe to render the act of swallowing more easie and cause a swifter breaking of the Pox let the Patient frequently swallow a Pill about the biggness of a filbeard of new Butter without any Salt wrapt up in Sugar for this wonderfully dissolves the Swelling Pox of the Jaws But if this happen to fail and that the Pox remain wholâ—… and that the difficulty of Breathing and Swallowing still increases then take a small Spunge fastened to a little stick and having dipped it in Syrup of Violets squeeze it strongly against the Jaws to the end thereby the Pox may be forcibly broken and the narrowness of the Passage
then it happens that the Blood is not sufficiently purify'd from that defilement and hence that after some Years the Small Pox comes again by reason that the Old remainders are by some new occasion provoked to Action But that the Small Pox should seize in such an Order four Children of the same Man and that in so short a distance of time and every time come out so thick is that which never before we knew in all our Practise If perchance some few had only come forth the first time it might have been probable that some of the Relics of the Contamination not sufficiently seperated through weak Fermentation might break forth again but in regard that Conjecture vanishes by reason of the great quantity coming out over the whole Body both the first and second time I would fain know to what other cause we can attribute such an accident as this then to some occult and unexpressible cause that lies no less latent in the Small Pox then in the Pestilence and how it should come to pass that I my self who am now about seventy Years of Age and was not only conversant with these but a Thousand others yet never should have the Small Pox since that contagion does so easily infect others HISTORY IX A Virgin of Three and Twenty Years of Age Plethoric and Strong being taken of a suddain with a Fever accompanied with an extraordinary heaviness of her own head took a Dram of Treacle in a little Wine which causing her to Sweat soundly presently the Small Pox came out very thick over all the Body but her Fever and heaviness were so far from slackning that they grew more violent Then my advice but too late was asked for the strength of the Maid was so far spent that there was hardly any thing to be given her However I gave her twice a Dram of Crabs-Eyes prepared with a little Decoction of Barley and prescribed her a pleasing Julep But the sixth day her Monthly Evacuations came from her out of the Order of time and the same day the Pox that continued high raised till then suck down again So that the Fever and heaviness increasing the Maid all her strength failing her dy'd the next Night ANNOTATIONS AT the same time two other Young Maids their Evacuations bursting out unexpectedly and unseasonably in a short time dy'd And this has been observed by us several times in this disease when there is a violent Ebullition of the Blood and that the Small Pox come out thick without any Diminution of the Fever and Symptoms then it is a very bad if not a mortal Sign if the Monthly Evacuations break forth out of Season For such Patients seldom or never escape though that Eruption happens upon the Seventh or any other Critical day Moreover we have observed this that if during the Ebullition of the Blood in the Small Pox the Monthly Evacuations also break forth at the usual Period of time such Patients are then also in great danger and many of them dye though some ease might be expected from such an Evacuation HISTORY X. ANN of Durenburch a Young Maid of Twenty Years of Age was taken with a Fever and Heaviness accompanied with a Dosiness of the Head and an inclination to sleep and oft-times a slight interveneing Delirium affrightment in her sleep and a moderate Thirst. Having taken a Diaphoretic and Sweat soundly soon after the Small Pox appeared Afterwards she drank of this Decoction four five or six times a day ℞ Barley cleansed ℥ s. Root of Elacampane ʒ v. sliced Licorice ʒij Orange-peels ʒiij Scabious a handful and a half Fennel seed ʒj four greater Cold seeds an ℈ iiij Fat Figs no. xv Raisins stoned ℥ j. s. VVater q. s. for an Apozem of two Pints When the Small Pox were now sufficiently expelled by the use of this Decoction I ordered that her face should be often fomented with a soft Spunge dipped in lukewarm Mutton Broth but because it fell out that the Broth could not be had and she was importunate for some Topic to preserve her Face I ordered her Face to be anointed twice a day with old Oyl of Turneps which done the Pox in her Face were not so big as those over the rest of her Body they ripened also sooner and the Scabs at length falling off no Pits at all remained in her Face Only the Oyntment was continued till she was perfectly cured ANNOTATIONS IF the Small Pox are not large and Contiguous for the most part we administer nothing to prevent Piting but leave Nature to do her own business in regard she does it better of her own accord then the Physitians can do by Art so that the Patients themselves do not dig off the Scabs with their Nails but suffer them to dry and fall off of their own accord This daily Experience tells us For that Thousands are better Cured without Pits or Marks left behind to whom no Topics are administer'd and many to whom Topics have been administer'd without Judgment have had deeper Pits then if they had left the Work to Nature without Topics But if the Pox are very large and Contiguous in the Face or if they be such Patients that will not be satisfy'd unless the Physitian ascribe them Topics which is frequent among Young Ladys that are afraid of their Beauty then such things are to be prescrib'd as mollifie the Scabs of the Pustles and bring the matter therein contain'd to quickest Maturation To that purpose I have frequently prescribed the Oyl of Turneps with good success by which means very few or no Footsteps of the Small Pox have been seen which was once imparted to me as a great Secret by on Harscamp a Famous Practitioner Forestus anoints the Scabs with Oyl of Sweet Almonds till they are dryed up which prevents as he says all Piting and Scars and so highly approves that remedy that he cannot think of any better as being that which has no Smell and is no way noisom either to Children or grown People However great care is to be taken of making use of dryers at the Beginning for these prevent the farther Maturation of the matter and by drying up the Scabs and Pits hinder the Generation of new Flesh of which Errour committed Forestus gives us a terrible Example For says he when a Young Gentleman of Thirty Years of Age having had the Small Pox by the advice of his Nurse made use of Butter Fryed to Blackness in a Frying-Pan and besmeared all his Face over with it the Scab became so very nasty exulcerating all his Face that he lost one of his Eyes and but for the application of timely remedies had lost the other too And therefore it is that we so often inculcate that many People scape better that use no applications at all so that whatever Authors write that Maturing Medicines are to be applyed I say it is to be done with great Caution HISTORY XI A Noble Lady of Eighteeen
two handfuls Seeds of Lettice Parsley Dill an Ê’ij Fat Figs. noÌ„ vij new Milk and Water an 〈◊〉 ij boyl them to the Consumption of the third part then strain them After he had used this Apozem two days he voided every day much viscous and tough Matter together with his Urin and after he had made use of two of these Decoctions he was quite freed from his troublesome Distemper ANNOTATIONS THere are various Causes of the difficulty of making water Inflammation Imposthume Stone in the Bladder the Flesh grown over a cold Distemper of the Bladder and Sphincter thick and viscous humors either mixed with Urine or sticking close to the Bladder and it's Sphincter with several others of the same Nature of which the two latter are the most frequent But all in particular do not only cause a difficulty of Urine but sometimes absolutely stop the Urine as it happened to the Boy before mentioned which they who cut off the Stone had viewed and thought he had the Stone and judged him to be cut But I believing his Distemper arose not from the Stone but from a thick and tenacious Flegm that stopped up the Bladder and the passage of it as I had observed had frequently happened to younger Children rather chose to begin the Cure with attenuating lenifying and Diuretic Medicaments seeing that many times such Medicaments expel little stones also But in this case when Children cannot swallow ungrateful Medicines I have known flowers oâ—… Camomil boyl'd in new Milk with Figsâ—… do a great deal of good especially iâ—… after the boiling and the straining the said Flowers be lay'd to hot to the Region of the Hair and the Decoction at the same time given to drink Forestus in the same case commends Pellitory and Chervil boiled and applied hot to the Region of the Hair with Butter and Oyl of Scorpions Mercurialis applauds Garlick bruised and applied to the Bladder Amatus of Portugal extols a Turnep hollow'd and fill'd with Oyl of Dill and then roasted in the Embers afterwards bruised and laid on OBSERVATION VIII Suppression of the Courses JOan Elberty a strong Maid of about twenty four Years of Age complained that her Purgations had stopped for four Months so that she was in a very bad Condition tortured with pains in her left side and Head sometimes troubled with Suffocations and her Stomach quite gone After I had ordered her an attenuating and heating Diet and forbid her all things that generate tough and viscous Humours the sixth of Ianuary I Purged her with Electuary of Hiera Picra then I prescribed her this Apozem to drink three times a day â„ž Roots of Lovage Master-wort Fennel stone Parsley Valerian an â„¥ s. Sassafrass-wood Ê’iij Nep Mag-wort Peny-royal white-Mint Fever-few an one handful Flowers of Camomil half a handful Seeds of Lovage wild Carrots Gith an Ê’ij Laurel Berry Ê’j s. Tartar of Rhenish-wine Ê’vj stoned Raisins â„¥ ij common Water q. s. boyl these for an Apozem of two pints The 11th of Ianuary I Purged her again with an Infusion of the Flowers of Senna and Agaric with a mixture of Hiera Picra The next day I prescribed her another Apozem to drink like the former â„ž Root of Master-wort â„¥ j. of Elecampane Valerian Parsley an â„¥ s. Dittany round Birth-wort an Ê’iij Mug-wort Nep Savio Foverifew Rue Peny-Royal an one handful Southernwood Flowers of Camomil an one handful Seeds of Parsley Gith Lovage wild Carrots an Ê’j s. red Vetches â„¥ j. s. common Salt and White-wine an equal parts make an Apozem for two pints Fourteenth of Ianuary I prescribed her this Electuary of which she was to take the quantity of a Filberd before she drank of her Apozem â„ž Specier Diacurcume Cremor Tartar Trochists of Myrrh Hoglice prepared Steel prepared an Ê’j seeds of Parsley Nep Venetian Borax an Ê’ s. Salt Prunella Eastern Saffron an ℈ j. reduce all these into a very fine Powder to which add Oyl of Iuniper Amber an ℈ j. of Dill drops vij Electuary of Hiera Picra â„¥ s. Syrup of preserved Elecampane Roots q. s. make an Electuary Moreover because she felt a hardness at the bottom of her Belly about her Navel I prescribed this Sere-cloth â„ž Gum Opoponax Galbanum dissolved in Vinegar Emplaster de Cumino of Melilot an Ê’ij of Castor Pulverized Ê’j mix them and make them into a Roll to be spread q. s. upon red Leather The nineteenth of Ianuary she was let Blood in the Saphena Vein of the left Foot and bled indifferent well The last Apozem was repeated again which she took together with her Electuary till the twenty eight of Ianuary at what time her courses came down very copious after that she was very well in Health ANNOTATIONS A Long suppression of the Courses is oft-times the Cause of very great Distempers For from hence arise Suffocations of the Matrix and the pale Colours of Virgins hence Palpitations of the Heart Vertigo's terrible pains in the Head Joynts Back and Loyns Fevers Swooning Fits Coughs difficult breathing Cholic and Nepheretic pains and lastly the evil continuing long Melancholy Passions swelling of the Bowels and Dropsies Therefore the Cure is not to be delay'd for the longer the Courses stop with so much the more difficulty are they provoked to come down The Cause of this Distemper is the Narrowness of the Vessels of the Womb which again are accompanied with several other Causes as Obstruction Constipation Coalescence or growing together Compression and Settlement But the most frequent Cause is an obstruction occasioned by thick and viscous humors Which thickness and viscousness is either in the Blood it self when it is too cold or viscous or else when Excrementitious Flegmatic and Melancholy Humors are mixd with the good Blood and with that good Blood carried to the Veins of the Womb where they cause the Oppelation But this Obstruction and Viscousness of the Humors as it is more or less or has been of longer or shorter Continuance so the Cure is performed by gentler or more violent Medicaments with more ease or more difficulty But in the Cure of our Patient we were forced to use the stronger Medicaments as well in regard of the cold season of the Year as the greatness of the Obstruction For she was wont to eat green Fruit and course Meats that beget a viscous and cold Nourishment which had gathered together a great quantity of the thick and crude Humors OBSERVATION IX An incurable Hoarsness A Holland Boor in a quarrel between Carters had received a wound with a Knife in the right side of his Neck near his Throat The wound was soon cured by a Chyrurgeon After some Months he came to me to prescribe him something for an Extraordinary hoarsness with which he began to be troubled so soon as he had received the wound and which the Physitian who had had him in Cure together with the Chyrugeon could no way remove with all the Looches Lozenges and Decoctions which they
Choler the Heart only breeds Blood c. Nor does the usual Subterfuge avail in this place that Choler generated in the Stomach is not natural but preternatural Choler For to this I answer that that Choler which the Distemper call'd Cholera which Choler they say is bred in the Stomach and in the Loosenesses of many Infants is discharged in great quantity is a sharp and for the most part eruginous or green Choler I have found it to be such in the dissected Bodys of many that have dy'd of this Distemper heaped up together in great Quantity in the Gall-Bladder and the ductus Cholodichus but little or none in the Stomach Which is a certain Sign that this Choler when it is in a boyling Condition breaks forth into the Stomach and Intestines but that it is not bred there LXVII In Infants that have dy'd of such a green choleric Loosness I have observ'd and that frequently the Gall-bladders full of very green Choler and swell'd to the bigness of a large Hens Egg. So that it is most certain that where the natural there the preternatural Choler is bred that is to say on the Liver But some will say that it is impossible that so great a quantity of green Choler should be so suddenly bred in the Liver or be collected and stir'd up from any other Part within it as uses to be evacuated in the Disease called Cholera in a few Hours For in the space of four and twenty Hours several Pints of that Matter are evacuated to the filling of some Chamberpots and therefore of necessity it must be true that that Choler is at that time bred in the Stomach To which I answer That this Choler being gathered together from all Parts to fill the Gall Bladder for the most part is of a dark green Color and very sharp and when this being in a boyling Condition breaks forth into the Intestines and Ventricle then it vexes and tears those Parts and like a violently pricking Medicin causes the Serous and various other Humors to flow from all Parts to the Intestines Which being tinctur'd by a small quantity of green Choler infused into the Ventricle and Intestins become all of a green Colour and so are discharged green out of the Body Which Redundancy of flowing Humors being sometimes very great the Ignorant believe that it is only meer Choler that is expel'd the Body in such a great Quantity when they are only other Humors coloured by the Choler Now that this Choler causes such a Tincture by its Intermixture I know by Experience for that with half a Spoonful of that Juice taken out of the Gall-bagg I have in the sight of several People tinctured a whole Pint of Water LXVIII The affirmative Patrons of the third Problem with whom Regius consents assure us that all the Chylus does not flow from the Stomach to the Intestins but that some Part of it is conveighed to the Spleen through the Vas venosum breve and other neighbouring Gastric Veins For Proof of which they give a two sold Reason The first is because the Birth in the Womb is nourished first of all with the milky Juice that swims at the top of it and through the Navel-vein sticking to it and not as yet extended to the Placenta conveighed to the Liver and Heart of the Infant Now if this happen to the Embryo 't is no wonder that when a Man is born that part of the Chylus should pass thro' the Gastric Veins to the Spleen The other Reason is that after a Man has fed heartily there follows such a sudden Refection that so great and so sudden could never happen if the whole Chylus were first to pass through all the milky Vessels and that some part of it did not rather get to the Spleen by a shorter Cut and thence reach to the Heart more speedily LXIX To the first Reason I answer That the Embryo is not at that time nourished with the milky Iuice but with the remainder of the seminal Liquor poured upon it by reason of its vicinity to it entring the Pores and soon after received into the Mouth And that the Navel vein being at length fastened to the uterine Placenta can neither receive or attract any more milky Juice So that an Agreement with it and the Gastric Veins was ill contriv'd from hence Moreover supposing that any thing of the alimentary Juice were carried at that time to the Liver of the Birth through the Navel Vein I say it does not follow from thence that the Chylus in Men born passes also out of the Ventricle through the Gastric Veins and out of the Intestins through the Mesaraics That Comparison being altogether lame seeing that several Parts are in such a manner serviceable to the Birth which they cannot pretend to in Men born Of which all the Navel Vessels afford us an Example the Foramen Ovale in the Heart the Closure of the Arteria Pulmonaris with the Aorta c. besides that several Parts have no use as yet in the Birth that come to be serviceable in Men born as the Lungs the Liver the Spleen the genital Parts the Eyes the Nose the Ears So that from the use of any Part in the Birth there can be concluded no use of any Part in a Man born as we cannot conclude any use of the Gastric and Mesâ—…raic Veins from the use of the Umbilical LXX As to the second Reason it seems to infer a very plausible Argument from sudden Refreshment that follows after Eating and Drinking which is thought to be occasioned from hence because that the more subtil Part of the Chyle passing by a shorter Cut from the Ventricle to the Spleen gets far sooner to the Heart and refreshes it than if it were first to pass to the Intestins thence thro' several milkie Vessels to the Vein called Subclavia and so through the Vena cava to the Heart Nay I have sometimes heard that for a farther Proof of this Assertion that an Example was cited by Regius out of Fernelius of a certain Female Patient whose Pylorus or Orifice of the Stomach was wholly obstructed yet did she cat every Day tho' she threw what she cat up again and in that manner liv'd a long time Which could never have bin says Regius unless something of the Chylus had bin conveighed out of the Stomach through the Gastric Veins to the Spleen 1. Because the Chyle enters no other but the milky Vessels 2. Because there are no milky Vessels at all that are carried to the Stomach or from the Stomach as Deusingius pretends to assert Institut Anat. tho' I do not believe that ever any Deusingian will presume to make out so that if the Chyle should pass from thence to the Spleen it ought to be conveighed through the Vas breve and other Blood conveighing Veins whereas they neither admit the Chylus nor can receive it for the Reasons brought concerning the Mesaraicks l. 7. c. 2. 3.
is much thinner Wharton saw in an Abortion in the sixth Month the lower part of the Thymus grown to the Pericardium and thence being bifork'd as it was under the Canel-Bone without the Breast ascending the sides of the Weazand So likewise in Calves it adheres at the lower part to the Pericardium whence it increases into a bigger Bulk and being divided leaves the Thorax above and ascending both sides of the Weazand runs forth to the Maxillary Kernels and sometimes to the Parotides XII And in these Creatures it is very great call'd Lactes and coveted as a dainty Bit. XIII It has also little Arteries and Veins from the Iugulars so small that they are hardly to be seen in Dissection XIV Wharton allows the Thymus Nerves from the sixth Pair and the subclavial Contexture which he thinks do empty into this Kernel their nutritive Liquor defil'd with some impurity and extraordinary acrimony and resume it again when refin'd But this is an erroneous Opinion for Wharton takes the Lacteal Vessels to be Nerves and describes 'em as such which in these Glandules are never more commodiously to be seen than by inspection of a Calf newly calv'd and fed with Milk in the same manner with those that are scatter'd among the Kernels of Breasts that give Suck Moreover Wharton does not observe what Juice is contain'd in the Thymus of a new-born Birth that is to say whether Chylous or Milky such as Harvey found therein and Deusingius saw plentifully flow out of it and such as you shall find in sucking Calves kill'd an hour or two after they have suckt Which Juice does not flow thither through the Nerves but through the Lacteal Vessels to be brought to more perfection therein and so to be transmitted through the subclavial Veins to the Hollow Vein and Heart But because this Juice in grown People by reason of the narrowness of the Lacteal Passages tending thither as being dry'd up flows in very small quantity or not at all into the Thymus hence in such People that part is very much diminish'd and contracted in like manner as in Womens Breasts when they grow dry Therefore there are no Nerves that are manifestly carry'd into the Thymus as being of little use to this Part neither sensible nor wanting the Sence of Feeling Tho perhaps it may permit some invisible Branches of Nerves to bring about some private Effervescency for its own Nourishment XV. Wharton affirms that he has often seen Lymphatic Vessels running through this part and emptying themselves into the Subclavial Vein Nor do they pass thither without reason seeing that in the preparation of the milky Matter that Lympha is requisite to raise a fermentaceous Effervescency in the Heart CHAP. V. Of the Pericardium and the Humour therein contain'd I. THE Pericardium as it were thrown about the Heart which Hippocrates calls 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Sheath or little Capsule of the Heart is a membranous Covering every way enfolding the Heart whereby it is contain'd within its Seat and defended from all external Injuries It is contiguous to the Heart but so far distant from it as the Convenience of Pulse and Agitation requires II. It arises at the bottom of the Heart from the common outward Tunicles taken from the Pleura enfolding the Vessels of the Heart which being about to enter the Heart leave it for the forming of the Pericardium III. Riolanus allows it a double Membrane the outermost of which he will have to be deriv'd from the Mediastinum but the innermost from the Tunicle of the Vessels of the Heart But it would be too great a Difficulty to demonstrate that Duplicity Moreover the outermost Tunicle of the Vessels of the Heart is derived from the Pleura as is also the Membrane of the Mediastinum Besides that it would be absurd that from one single Pleura two Tunicles should meet together toward the Forming of the Pericardium one from the Tunicle of the Vessels and another from the Mediastinum and that in the mean time the Mediastinum should remain a peculiar Membrane The same Riolanus inconstant to himself writes in his Animadversions upon Laurentius that the Pericardium rises from the Pleura in the doubling of which it is contain'd and in his Animadversions upon Bauhin That there is not a double but only one single Tunicle of the Pericardium forgetting perhaps what he had written concerning their duplicity in his Anthopograph l. 3. c. 7. IV. The outermost part is ty'd to the Mediastinum with several little Fibres and appears conjoin'd and continuous to it about the bottom of the Heart where it gives way for the greater Arteries and Veins to pass through The lower part of it sticks to the Center of the Diaphragma V. For Nourishment it has such slender Arteries that they can hardly be discern'd It sends forth little Veins to the Phrenic and Axillary Veins It also admits diminutive Nerves from the left Branch that turns back and the Sixth Pair passing to the Heart VI. It contains within it a serous Liquor ruddy in Bodies naturally constituted bred from the Vapours sent from the Heart and somewhat condens'd in the Pericardium to the quantity of one or two Spoonfuls This is the true Cause of its Generation and therefore they are not to be heeded who think it to be produced from Drink Spittle Fat of the Heart or any other Causes Nicholas Stenonis however believes it to be emptied out of certain Lymphatic Vessels into the Peritonaeum VII This Liquor moistning the Heart withoutside and rendring it slippery makes its Motion also more easy and prevents overmuch Driness But the long want of it causes Driness and many times a Consumption The want of it proceeds when through some Wound of the Pericardium Exulceration or some other Solution of Continuity that same Sweat of the Heart condens'd therein flows out of it and cannot be contain'd therein Yet some Practitioners have observ'd then when it has flow'd out through some Wound of the Pericardium that Wound being cur'd it has bred again and the Patients have recovered their Health Of which we have many Examples alledged by Galen Cardan Beniverius Peter Salius and others This Liquor is found as well in the Living as Deceas'd as appears by the Dissection of living Creatures which clearly convinces Matthew Curtius who will not allow it in living Animals VIII In diseased Bodies we have found it of a more watry Colour sometimes like Urine at other times like troubled Water but much more in Quantity For I have met with many Anatomies in our Hospital in which I have found half a Pint of this Liquor at a time In the Year 1651. in the Body of an English Man that had long fed upon ill Diet and so falling into a Flegmatic Cachexy at length died we shew'd to the Spectators at least two Pints contain'd in a distended and very much loosen'd Pericardium which was observ'd
Reason the Arteries are mov'd and swell though this small Motion is so obscur'd by the forcibly Breathing Motion that in live Lungs it can hardly be perceiv'd by Ocular Inspection And Aristotle is to be understood of this Motion Yet is not that the Breathing Motion of which the Anatomists generally discourse when they talk of the Motion of the Lungs which indeed neither proceed from the Heart nor the Lungs but is accidental and follows the Motion of the Breast Moreover If the breathing Motion should proceed from the Heart the Pulses of the Heart and Respiration would of necessity keep exact time together and the Lungs would equally swell upon every Pulsation of the Heart as in the Arteries and hence the Breast would be dilated and when the Motion of the Heart stood still the Lungs would also stand still Moreover the Inequality of Respiration would be a Sign of an unequal Pulse but Experience tells us the contrary For the Respirations are much less frequent than the Pulses of the Heart Moreover Respiration may be slower or quicker more or less according to the pleasure of him that breaths whereas the Pulse cannot be alter'd at the Will of any Person What has been said sufficiently refutes Maurocordatus who ascribing the whole Motion of the Lungs to the Heart says That when the Heart contracting the Sides causes a Systole then the Diaphragma is erected and the Rings of the Rough Artery are contracted and so the Lungs exspire or breathe outward But when the Heart causes the Diastole then the Diaphragma descending draws down the Lungs and dilates the Rings of it which causes breathing inward Which Opinion of his he endeavours to confirm with many Arguments which are destroy'd however by the aforesaid Reasons as is also that Argument That in an intermitting Pulse Respiration does not stop upon the intermitting of the Motion of the Heart which if the Mover stopp'd must of necessity stand still it self And as for what he from hence concludes That the Blood is drawn out of the Vena Cava by Respiration into the Right Ventricle to supply Respiration and from thence into the Pulmonary Artery c. These things need no Refutation since there is no such Attraction to be allow'd in their Bodyâ—… since all the Humors are mov'd by Impulsion XXXVII Therefore the Motion of Respiration depends neither upon the Heart nor the Muscles of the Breast which when they dilate the Heart presently the Air enters the Lungs through the Aspera Arteria and dilates them but when they contract the Breast they expel it the same way together with the Serous Vapors But whether we say this Entrance of the Air be either to avoid a Vacuum as some believe or by the pressing forward of the external Air by the dilated Breast and by that means the Impulsion of it through the Aspera Arteria into the Lungs as others assert comes all to one pass when both may be true about which some men so idly quarrel XXXVIII In reference to this Motion of Respiration there is a Question debated among the Philosophers what sort of Action it is For some say it is Natural others Animal others mix'd of both XXXIX But it is apparent by what has been said That Respiration is an Animal Action because it is performed by Instruments that all serve to Animal Motion that is to say the Muscles and may be quicken'd or delay'd augmented or decreas'd at our own Pleasure as in those that sing and sound any sort of Wind-Musick and there may be some resolute Men that have held their Breath till they have dy'd as Galen tells the Story of a Barbarian Slave that kill'd himself by holding his Breath And we find two other Examples in Valerius Maximus of the same Nature XL. If any one Object That a voluntary Act is done with ones Consent and cannot be perpetual and that all animal diuturnal Motion causes Lassitude which Respiration does not which moves continually Day and Night even when we are asleep and know nothing of it I answer That those are truly to be call'd Animal and Voluntary Actions which may be or are done according to our own Will and Pleasure so that although Respiration go forward when we are asleep and know nothing of it nevertheless it is an Animal Action when it may be guided by our own Will so soon as we are awake and know any thing of it They that walk and talk in their Sleep though they know nothing of it yet are talking and walking no less Animal Actions for all that For the Animality of Actions does not consist in Acting only but in being able to Act by the management and directions of the Will And therefore we are to understand that what Galen teaches us That the Animal Actions some are perform'd by Instinct and are free and that others serve ro the Affections of the Mind that the one proceeds perpetually and without impediment when we least think of it yet might be otherwise directed by us iâ—… we were aware of which number is Respiration Others are not perpetual as Fighting Running Dancing Writing c. In the one according to Custom there is a sufficient and continual Influx of Animal Spirits into the Muscles and for this reason there is no Lassitude though the Actions are diuturnal But in the other the Spirits according to the determination made in the Brain flow sometimes at this sometimes at that time sometimes in greater sometimes in less Quantity and thence proceeds Weariness XLI There is one Doubt remaining Whether a Man born may live for any time without Respiration Galen says it is impossible but that a man that breaths should live and that a living man should breathe And again he says Take away Respiration and take away Life And indeed all the Reasons already brought for the necessity of Respiration confirm Galen's Opinion and it is no more than what daily Experience confirms Yet on the other side it is a thing to be demonstrated by sundry Examples that some men have liv'd a long while without any Respiration XLII Those Divers in India who dive for Pearl and Corals to the Bottom of the deepest Rivers will stay for the most part half an hour and more under Water without taking Breath 2. A very stately Ship being built at Amsterdam for the King of France by Misfortune was sunk near the Texel into which the Spanish Ambassador having put aboard a Chest full of Gold he hir'd a Sea-man that was a Diver to go into the Ship as it lay under Water and to endeavour to get out this Chest. This Diver staid half an hour under Water and upon his Return said he had found the Chest but could not draw it out 3. I saw my self two notable Examples at Nimeghen In the Year 1636. a certain Country Fellow who dy'd of the Plague as 't was thought lay three days for dead without any sign of Respiration or
that the Marrow may be mov'd after the same manner as the brain That this may be certainly known first the Skull of a living Creature is to be open'd then the Vertebers must be laid open and the long extended Marrow to be laid bare that a Judgment may be made upon the inspection both of the Marrow and the Brain but before any true observation could be made the Creature would die and the inspection of a dead Carcass would signifie little And therefore Plempius upon probable Grounds believes that the Marrow or Pith is likewise mov'd because it is a kind of production from the brain which therefore should be mov'd with the brain to the end that the Animal Spirits being admitted by Dilatation may press them out again by its Contraction XXIV The necessity of the said Motion though accidental is chiefly necessary that while it is dilated it may receive the Arterious Blood out of the Arteries and by its falling again may be able to force the Animal Spirits made out of that Blood toward the Nerves and the remainder of the Blood to the Hollownesses and Veins of the Meninx neither of which Actions can be perform'd without that Motion XXV The Brain then as hath been said is the Organ wherein and by the help of which the Animal Faculties by the assistance of the Animal Spirits generated therein are made XXVI But in regard the Animal Faculties both feel desire and move there is a Question arises In what part of the Brain they every one inhabit Fernelius believes that the feeling Faculty resides in the Meninxes of the Brain because they feel and are not mov'd That the moving Faculty is seated in the Marrow of the brain because that is mov'd yet has no feeling Which opinion Plempius refutes and rightly informs us that both Faculties are generated and dwell in the Substance it self of the brain and are thence communicated to the rest of the Parts Then again as to the principal Faculties the Imagination and Memory the Controversie runs high whether they are in the whole Substance of the brain whether all in one part of it or all distinct in distinct places Aetius and some others that follow the Arabians affirm that they abide in distinct Seats and allow to the Fancy the forepart to the Reason the middlemost and to the Memory the hindmost part of the Head induc'd by these Reasons 1. Because it rarely happens that one Faculty being deprav'd the other remains sound 2. Because the fore-part of the Head receiving a Wound the Phansie is disturb'd and impair'd and the hinder part of the Head being hurt proves detrimental to the Memory Others affirm these Actions to be exercis'd in the whole brain and only differ in the manner of their operation and that the brain is variously employ'd about them Which opinion Sennertus and Plempius uphold by strong Reasons But Ludovicus Mercatus seems to unite both these opinions together For says he though all the Faculties are in the brain however we must believe that one Faculty is more predominant in this or that Cavity than another as the Spirits are more thin more perfect and more elaborate in this Cavity and the Temperature more proper for this or that operation But Experience acknowledges all these opinions to be very uncertain and that nothing can be positively determin'd either as to the Place where or the Manner how these operations are perform'd For there are many Examples produc'd by Massa Carpus Fallopius Arcaeus Augenius Andreas à Croce Peter de Marchetois and others of Patients who having been wounded in their Heads have had considerable portions of their brains which have either dropt or been taken out while the principal Faculties have remain'd safe and sound which seems not very possible if these operations are perform'd in the whole Brain or any part of it seeing that the operating Organ being grievously wounded and some part of it taken away surely those most Noble Actionâ—…s must be very much impair'd I produce an Example a little lower of a certain young Person who had a large Impostume that grew in his Brain and penetrated to the upper Ventricles who nevertheless liv'd for 7 weeks together in perfect soundness of his Senses Another remarkable Example I met with Ian. 1670. in a young Girl upon whose Head by Misfortune had fallen a Stone that weigh'd near thirty Pound weight and broke all the right side of her Head with a Fracture of the Skull and Forehead about the Coronal Suture and the Brain wounded and much endamaged withal Which Brain two days after the taking out of fourteen pieces of broken Bones without any covering of the Meâ—…inxes began to shoot upward from the broad Wound and that by degrees to such a height that it came out without the Skull first as big as a Pigeon's next as big as a Hen's and lastly as big as a Goose Egg which protubeâ—…ant part being cut away with a filthy Stench another like it shot up again and so several putrify'd parts fell off of themselves so that during the Cure the quantity of the putrid Brain that was separated from the rest amounted to the bigness of a Man's Fist in which condition the Patient liv'd six and thirty days with a perfect soundness of Mind and Memory and all the Animal Actions performing their Duties though she were in that time taken with three Convulsion Fits and a Hickup After she was dead the Skull being taken off we found a large hollowness in the right side of her Brain by reason of the waâ—…e of so much of her putrify'd Brain which extended it self all along the upper Ventricle of the same side and side-ways passing the third or middle Ventricle as far as the Sphoenoides Bone This memorable Accident shews us how uncertain all things are which are conjectur'd concerning the Seats of the Faculties either distinct or ascrib'd to the whole Brain seeing that in this Maid all the operations of Life and Intellectuals remain'd in their full force and no way impeded by that putrefaction of the Brain which was empty'd out of her Skull But this may seem little if compar'd with what Theodore Kerckringius relates of a total deficiency of the Brain for he writes that he dissected a Boy that had lain five Months and a half sick oâ—… a Dropsie in his Head in whose Skull he found no Brain but only a little slimy Water which was a thing never before as he says taken notice oâ—… by any Anatomist Though many years before him Zacutus Lusitanus tells us of a â—…ad that was cur'd of a Wound in his Head and three years after dy'd of a Dropsie in his Head which being open'd there was nothing to be found but only a pure Water that was no way offensive to the Smell nor insipid to the Taste Something like this Costerâ—…s relates of a Boy born without a Brain which Boy Fontanus and Carpus assâ—…e us that they saw the 26th of
open'd So soon as the Pox are broken gargle with a Decoction of Barley Plantain and Red Roses sweetened with Honey of Roses and Syrup of Cumfrey To defend the Nostrils from the Pox let the Patient very often smell to Venegar Thus also Forestus writes that Benedict Faventinus before breaking of the Pox ordered their Patients to smell to Vinegar wherein they had boil'd a quantity of Roses Liddelius also and Riverius approve the smelling to Vinegar But if the Pox happen to be very thick in the Nostrils annoint them often with a Feather dipped in Oyl of Sweet Almonds But if they are grown into hard Scabs and obstruct the Nostrils and so procure a difficulty of Breathing then stuff into the Nostrils new Butter without Salt by which means the Scabs being softned fall off and the Obstruction ceases The advice of others is that the Patients should snuff up into their Nostrils these and the other Decoctions but that Children cannot do nor can grown People do it by reason of the Obstruction Only Butter thrust up often into the Nostrils does the business so that there is no need of other troublesom Remedies But if there be any Exulceration in the Nostrils that is to be cured with a Liniment made of the Oyl of the Yolks of Eggs and juice of Plantain well mixt together in a Mortar To which if there be an occasion of drying up the Matter more than ordinary you may add a little Tutia Oyntment If the Ears ake and itch let not the Patient handle them with his Hands or if they run let the Matter go and take care that they continue open But if the Pain be very much dip a Spunge in the Decoction of the Leaves of Althea Flowers of â—…amomil Melilot and Roses Seeds of Fengreek Dill and Cumin and drop it lukewarm into the Ear. The Medicinal Part that concerns the Eyes consists partly in Preservation partly in the Cure To preserve the Eyes from being over-run with the Pox some wash the Eye-lids with Plantain and Rose water wherein a little prepared Tutia has been infused or mixed with a little white Self and Camphire Bauderon prescribes to this purpose the following Collyrium â„ž Leaves of Black-thron-Bush Plantain red Roses an half a handful Boyl them in Smiths water to â„¥ iij. In the straining dissolve Saffron ℈ j. Camphire gr v. The white of one Egg and mix them together Of this drop some few drops into the Eyes every hour and lay little Rags dipped in the same upon the Eye-lids and keep the Patient dark Liddle prescribes this â„ž Rose-water â„¥ ij Plantain-water â„¥ j. Powder of the Seed of Sumach Ê’ij warm them over a gentle Fire and strain them with a good force Add to the straining Camphir ℈ j. Saffron gr v. Mix them for a Collyrium and let the Eyes be often moistened with a Linnen cloth dipped therein Mercurialis administers this â„ž Rose-water Plantain-water an â„¥ j Sumac â„¥ s. let them steep a whole night and make a mixture with as much white of an Egg as suffices Or else he takes â—…halybeat Milk mixt with Rose-water with which sometimes he mingles a little Mirrh to assawge the pain and itching For my part I find nothing better then Saffron powdered and mixt with Cream of sweet Milk With which mixture let the Eyes be anointed with a Feather touching with the same now and then the Caruncles in the larger corner which I use with success when the Eyes are damnified only adding thereto a little white Sief If the Eye-lids cannot be preserved from the Small Pox then it frequently happens that they swell very much so that the Eyes are closed by reason of the swelling In this case observe that the Eye-lids notwithstanding that swelling are to be opened with the Fingers once or twice every day to the end the humour abiding therein may be let out which otherwise thickning within the Eye-brows begits a Whitshot But if by reason of the largeness of the swelling the Eye-lids cannot be conveniently opened they are first to be fomented with a soft Spung dipt in Mutton broth or a lukewarm Decâ—…ction of Leaves of Althea Flowers of pale Roses and Melilot and Seed of Fengreek and after the use of this Fomentation for some time then try again to sunder the Eye-lids with your Fingers If after the swelling is abated and consequently the Eye-lids freely open any white Clouds like the white of an Egg appear in the Eyes dimming the sight blow a little white Sugar Candy finely powdered through a quill into the Eye with which and nothing else I have successfully removed those little Clouds But if they chance to grow harder and absolutely blind the sight then add to the said Sugar Candy a fourth or sixth part of Lapis Calaminaris finely powdred together with the Sugar Candy That powder wonderfully takes away those Clouds and restores the sight But if the Eyes are Ulcerated by the Pox they must be cured with this Collyrium â„ž Ceruse washed Ê’iij Sarcocol Ê’j Gum Tragacanth ℈ j. Opium gr ij make Trochischs of this with Muscilage of Tragacanth extracted in Plantain-water which when use requires are to be dissolved in Womans milk or Rose-water The care of the Face like that of the Eyes consists partly in Preservation partly in Cure Preservation is not intended to prevent the breaking forth of the Pox in the Face for if that should be hindred the Distemper would seize the inner Parts as the Brain Meninx's Eyes and other Parts which would be a greater prejudice but that the Small Pox being dried and falling off may leave as few Scars and Pits as may be To which purpose several Topics have been invented Some while the Pox are coming forth frequently foment the Face with a Decoction wherein Pease have been boyl'd to an Extraordinary softness as we say to mash Others anoint the Face twice a day with a Feather dipp'd in Oyl of Navews with great success Forestus recommends Oyl of Sweet Almonds Riverius Oyl of Nuts Others Bacon tosted at a hot Fire and the dripping receiv'd into Rose-water and so made into a soft Oyntment which does well and was generally used by that great Practitioner Timannus Gesselius Others roast the Caul of a Boar-Pig at the Fire upon a Spit letting the Fat drop into a Receptacle fill'd with Rose-water and smear the Face all over with that mixture and then cover all the Face with the Fat of the same Hog cut into thin slices This they do twice a day taking off the Old and laying on fresh till perfect Maturation of the Pox which happens sooner by that means till they fall off and this is a great secret among the Court Lady's Certainly none of these ways are to be contemn'd but excellent in their kind and I believe they are many times to be made use of Especially among the Richer sort and great People that think the Physitians care do them more good by some notable Exploit then Nature by
and ordered her to be kept three days in a gentle breathing Sweat which she easily endured as being a Woman of good discretion and very obedient to her Physitian ℞ Barly cleansed Fennel Roots an ℥ j. Elecampane Roots ℥ s. sliced Licorice ʒij red Vetches ℥ j. s. Scabious half a handful Fennel seed ʒ j. s. Figs nō xvij Water q. s. make a Decoction to two Pints When still no signs of the Small Pox appeared again I loosened her Belly with a Glyster and the next day ordered a Vein to be opened in her Arm the third taking the Decoction she sweat moderately and so continued for ten days using the said Decoction afterwards because the Fever and Heaviness seemed again to increase and for that she waxed more drowsy and restless I again gave her the Diaphoretic above mentioned adding Extract of Carduus Benedict ℥ s. which when she had taken and sweat violently the forerunners of the Small Pox began to appear up and down upon her Skin that is to say the red Spots then she continued in a gentle breathing Sweat for two days still drinking the Decoction before mentioned and in that time the Small Pox were very much risen and the Fever with other Symptoms vanished by degrees All the time of the Disease she took no other Food then thin Broths and every other day she had once a day a Stool voluntarily ANNOTATIONS IN this Patient I almost despair'd of any coming forth of the Small Pox and thought I had been deceived in my judgment for I could not believe they would have come forth so late that is to say upon the twentieth day neither did I ever see them break forth so late in any other Person Hence it appeared that Hippocrates was in the Right where he says that Remedies when they are truly administer'd are not to be changed so long as there is no other urgent Indication that requires an Alteration HISTORY IV. THE Son of Edward Wilmer ten Years of Age so soon as the Fever had seized him and that the Small Pox began to appear in several Parts of his Body one Edmund an English Chyrurgeon was sent for who to free the Patient from the Heaviness that oppressed him gave him some Purging Medicine this in a short time encreased his drowsiness a terrible Loosness followed together with an extraordinary wast of the natural strength Presently the Pox fell and the Child died the next Night ANNOTATIONS HIppocrates says thus Where Nature leads there we ought to follow if she lead by ways agreeable to the Law of Nature But in the Small Pox Nature leads from the Center to the Periphery and that this is the most convenient way for the Evacuation of the Malignant Matter fermenting and boyling the Experience of many Ages has taught us therefore in the Cure of this Disease a Physitian ought in the first place to observe Nature either to let her do her own work of her own accord or if she be feeble to assist her in her Action But he must not disturb her true Motion with a Motion contrary to it and when the Malignant Matter is wholsomly and regularly driving to the Exterior Parts recal it back to the Innermost and more Noble Bowels For says Hippocrates such things are to be fetch'd out of the Body which coming forth of themselves are conducible to Health but those things that come forth violently are to be restrain'd stopp'd and retain'd But such things as we ought to fetch out are not brought forth by Evacuation through the Guts neither do they come forth according to the regular Motion of Nature nor by ways agreeable to the Laws of Nature therefore in this Disease Evacuation by Glysters is not to be provoked through the Intestins by Glysters or if it come forth of its own accord it is to be stop'd as soon as may be Hence says Rhases great care is to be taken after the coming forth of the Pustles whether high or broad least the Belly be loosened with Medicaments for they presently cause a Disentery especially where the Pustles are very high thus also Avenzoar never prescribes any Purging Medicaments to those that are Sick of the Small Pox and forbids the Belly to be loosened unless by the help of a Suppository if the Patient be to hard bound This Egmund the Chyrugeon never understood and so by his Ignorance kill'd the Patient as it happens to several others who slighting the Learned Physitians had rather purchase Death with Gold from ignorant Mountebanks and Homicides then buy Health with Copper from prudent and knowing Physitians HISTORY V. TWO Sisters Young Gentlewomen both the one of Twenty Four the other of Twenty Six Years at a Season when the Small Pox were very rife were extreamly afraid of the Disease It fell out by accident as they were going to Church a Young Lad newly cured of the Small Pox was got abroad and coming along in the Street at least thirty Paces distant from them having his Face all spotted with red Spots the remainders of the Footsteps of the Disease with which sight they were so scared that they thought themselves infected already Thereupon I being sent for to visit the Young Ladies endeavour'd by many Arguments to dispel these idle fears and for the better satisfaction of both prescribed them a gentle Purge which after they had taken the next day but one I ordered a Vein to be opened in the Arm and desired them to pluck up a good heart and to the end they might believe themselves to be the more certainly secured from the Distemper I forbid them the eating of all such dyet as might contribute the procuring of this Disease prescribed them certain Apozems of Succory and other cooling things to Drink and ordered them to walk abroad visit their Friends and by pleasant Discourse and Conversation and all other ways imaginable to drive those vain conceits out of their Minds But all that I could do signified nothing so deeply had this conceit rooted it self in their Imagination For after fourteen days of Health wherein they continually walked abroad and were merry with their Friends and Acquaintance yet all the while the Small Pox ran in their Minds at length without any occasion of Infection they were both together seized with a Fever and the next day the small red Spots appeared in their Face and Hands which after I had given them the Decoction of Figs in a short time after coming farther out terminated in the Small Pox which came forth very thick as well upon the Body as the Face and so the Fever the Heaviness and other Symptoms ceased by degrees and they themselves forbearing to shift their foul Linnen in fourteen days and committing no Error in their Diet but observing my Prescriptions exactly without scratching off the Pox with their Nails were both cured with very little or no prejudice to their Beauty ANNOTATIONS HOw wonderful the Strength of Imagination is we have experience in many Persons
for that by the Motions of the Mind it frequently works Miracles And thus in these two Gentlewomen through a continual and constant Cogitation caused by the Preceding Fear that Idea of the Small Pox so strongly Imprinted in their Minds and thence in the Spirits and Humours begat therein a disposition and Aptitude to receive the Small Pox. I remember the same Year I went to Visit a Noble German who Dreamâ—… that he was drawn against his Will to visit one that was Sick of the Small Pox and was very much Disfigur'd which Dream made such an Impression in his Mind that he could by no means drive it out of his thoughts He lived free for three Weeks but then falling into a Fever was pepper'd with the Small Pox. HISTORY VI. A Certain Apothecary that was a strong Man about Thirty Years of Age going into a Citizens House when he found and saw of a suddain his Patient all over covered with the Small Pox upon his Face he trembled a little at the sight of so much deformity and so departed A little after to drive the Whimsey out of his Head he drank very hard nevertheless all he could do could not put that Fancy out of his thoughts which the sight of such an Object had imprinted in his Mind though he were otherwise a Man of an undaunted Courage So that the sixth day a Fever seized him with an extream Heaviness a restless sleep and a kind of slight Delirium which after twice taking of a Sudorific Decoction was attended with the red Spots that usually fore-run the Small Pox which within the space of twenty four hours came forth very thick upon which eruption the Fever and all the Symptoms vanished and the Patient being restor'd to his Health went abroad again in three weeks ANNOTATIONS I would not advise any Persons that are timorous to come near those that are Sick of the Pestilence or Small Pox for if the Sight of one that lay Ill of the Small Pox could move a Man of that courage as this Apothecary was how much more would it have affected a timorous Person now it may be questioned whether this Apothecary might not be touched with any Infection or whether he might not contract the Distemper from some other cause Now that there could not be any thing of Contagion appears from hence that the same Person was of such an undaunted Spirit that he Visited at other times several Persons that had lay Sick of the same Distemper without any prejudice and therefore the cause seems rather to be that suddain conturbation of his Mind and Spirits with which he was stricken upon the unexpected Sight of this same Sick Person and which continually ran in his thoughts from which Idea such a disposition arose in his Body which at length produced the Small Pox. Now if any man can more clearly unfold how such an Accident should happen he shall be my great Apollo HISTORY VII A Young Maid of two and twenty Years of Age full body'd fresh colour'd and somewhat fat being seized with a mild Fever besides extream Heaviness and some sleight interveneing Deliriums suffered under frequent and strong Epileptic Convulsions and very terrible swooning Fits so that the standers by thought she had been troubled with the Mother and that she would presently dye I being sent for when I understood that she had had her Monthly Evacuations eight days before loosened her Belly with a Glyster and the same day order'd her to be let blood in the Arm about the Evening I gave her this Sudorific â„ž Theriac Androm Ê’ j. Harts-horn burnt Extract of Carduus Benedictus Salt of the same an ℈ j. Treacle-water and Carduus-water an â„¥ j. Oyl of Amber three drops Mix them for one draught Having taken this she sweat soundly that Night with great relief neither did her swooning Fits nor her Convulsions return The next day the red Spots fore-runners of the Small Pox began to appear up and down all over her Body Thereupon we gave her this Decoction to drink â„ž Elecampane Root Licorice sliced an Ê’ iij. Barley cleansed â„¥ j. Red Vetches â„¥ j. s. Fennel Seed Ê’ij Figs no. xvj Raisins stoned â„¥ j. s. Water q. s. Make a Decoction to two Pints Upon this the Small Pox broke out very thick and all the Symptoms presently ceasing with the Fever she was restored to her health in four Weeks and as it were rescu'd from the Jaws of Death went abroad again about her business ANNOTATIONS IN this Disease such Epileptic Convulsions and Swoonings are very band presages and unless the Small Pox appears very quickly the greatest danger is to be feared for that they may be easily the Death of the Patient before the Pox break forth Nor is it any wonder in regard this malignant Mischeif grievously effects the Heart as appears by the Fever the Swoonings and the heaviness of the Mind and therefore greater danger is to be expected if the Brain the Primary Bowel of Life be equally afflicted HISTORY VIII RUtger Schorer a Lad of Fourteen Years of Age and Eldest Son of Isaac Schorer a Lodger of mine was taken in September with a Fever and Small Pox and had them very thick when he began to grow well about the fourteenth day his Brother Isaac Schorer was taken in the same manner When he had lain sixteen days his Sister Mary Schorer about Ten Years of Age fell sick of the same Distemper and when she was pretty well at the fourteenth day the other and Youngest Daughter Maud Schorer had the Small Pox come out very thick upon her In the mean time the two Sons that were first seiz'd were recovered and went abroad But when the Youngest Sister Maud Schorer had kept her Bed about twenty days Rutger Schorer was taken again with a Fever and the Small Pox and he being recovered Isaac Schorer took his Bed again upon the same account and being almost cured Mary Schorer was taken a second time and the third week after Maud Schorer was again seized as the rest had been And as the first time the Disease had descended in order from the Eldest to the Youngest so likewise in so short a space of time it observed the same order a second time and yet two at once were never seiz'd with the Disease And which is to be wondered at all these four were so little prejudiced by the Distemper that not one of them happened to be disfigured in the Face either with Pits or Scars which is in great part to be attributed to the great care which we took in the Cure in regard we were all of one Family so that we had the opportunity to see them every hour ANNOTATIONS THe Small Pox seldom seize the same Person twice or thrice for that generally upon the first seizure all that Specific Malignant Contamination inherent in the Blood and several Parts being seperated by the Fermentaceous Ebullition is quite expelled which Effervescency if it be not strong enough
which the Fever was almost gone off with a great part of his heaviness I ordered them to keep him in a Breathing Sweat for three or four days and to be sure not to let him take Cold. ANNOTATIONS I Expected this Body should have had the Small Pox but the Measles came forth of which the first Cure is the same with the Small Pox. New Sheeps-dung with equal Efficacy expels both the one and the other and therefore in both cases is very advantageously administer'd especially in those places where other things are not to be had some there are who prefer Horse-dung administer'd after the same manner before it But that Sheeps-dung is much more prevalent the Savour tells in which we find there is much more Salt of Niter or some more specific Diaphoretic Salt HISTORY XVIII A Young Man of twenty four Years of Age strong and Plethoric after his violent Exercises of Tennis and Fencing and hard drinking of Wine between while fell into a violent Fever accompany'd with great thirst dryness of the Mouth and extream Anxiety and restlessness with other very bad Symptoms This Young Man we order'd first to be let Blood and then prescribed him a Glister together with Julips cooling Apozems and Electuarys to quench his thirst The third day he was Purged with an Infusion of Senna-Leaves and Rhubarb mixt with Electuary Diaprunum which gave him six Stools but the heat remaining together with the Fever he was let Blood again the fourth day The fifth day he continued the use of his Julips Apozems and cooling Electuary The Night succeeding the sixth day he was so very heavy and drowsie that there was little hopes of his Life and we thought he would have dyed The seventh day the Measles came out all over his Body by way of Crisis Then the Fever and all the pressing Symptoms somewhat remitted so that the Patient slept a little the next Night but by the two next days both Fever and Symptoms were quite gone off by degrees The tenth day the Measles began to lessen and upon the twelsth quite vanished And thus the Patient who seemed to be at Deaths Dore contrary to the Expectation of many was restored to his former Health ANNOTATIONS THE beginning of the Disease was such that no Man could well have any suspition of the Measles and therefore the Patient was dealt with by us as labouring under a Burning Fever which Fever at length you see ended nevertheless in a Critical Evacuation of the Measles HISTORY XIX A Strong Young Man was seized by a Violent Fever accompany'd with a thick weak and unequal Pulse an Extream Anxiety heavy Pain his Head drowsiness restless sleep and a slight kind of Delirium I would willingly have let him Blood but because he would not permit me I gave him the following Sudorific toward the Evening ℞ Treacle ℈ ij Diascordium of Fracastorius ℈ i. s. Confectio Alkermes Extract of Carduus Benedictus Salt of VVormwood an ℈ j. of our Treacle Water Carduus VVater an ℥ j. mix them for a Draught Though upon this he Sweat very well yet finding the Disease to continue in the same State the next day he took the same Sudorific again and Sweat very well but then the red Spots that fore-run the Small Pox began to appear up and down in the Skin Nevertheless the Fever and other Symptoms seemed to be somewhat abated yet did not go off Therefore I ordered the Patient to be kept in a gentle breathing heat and that he should take a Draught of the following Decoction luke-warm several times a day ℞ Red Vetches ℥ j. s. Barley cleansed ℥ j. Scabious one handful s. fat Figgs no. XVI Raisins Stoned ℥ ij VVater q. s. make a Decoction to two Pints By this means the Small Pox came forth every where very thick and rose very high the Fever and Anxiety still continuing so that the Patient seemed to be in great danger of his Life For which reason I thought it necessary to give him the former Sudorific again puting him into somewhat a greater Sweat and the Decoction of Figgs being continued over and above for two days the seventh day contrary to all expectation the Measles came out over the whole Body between the Small Pox and then the Fever and other Symptoms abated very much and by degrees went off all together and the Patient being happily recovered the fourth week from the beginning of the Disease went abroad again ANNOTATIONS I Do not remember that ever I saw this Accident above twice or thrice in all my Practice that is to say that the Small Pox and Measles should come both together However by this Observation it appears that although both these Diseases in respect of Infection have somewhat in common yet in respect of the Subject to which that Infection adheres there is something of difference and distinction between them Otherwise what should be the reason that in this Patient the whole Infection should not be Evacuated with the Expulsion of the Small Pox Then again it is to be admir'd that why the Measles adhering to the more suttle and thinner Matter did not break out first seeing that the thinner Matter is quicker in coming forth than the thicker HISTORY XX. A Noble Batavian was seized by a Fever accompany'd with a strong Pulse but very unequal an extream Anxiety Thirst restlessness a slight Delirium and some little convulsive Motions of the Extream Parts Having loosned his Belly with a Glister I ordered him to be let Blood Toward Evening having taken a Sudorific he Sweat very much but the Disease remaining in the same State the next day the Sudorific was repeated he Sweat very well All this while the Symptoms nothing abated but the Patient began to complain of a Pricking in his Skin quite all over his Body Soon after it was observed that great red Spots appeared in his Skin some as broad as a Dollar some half a Hands breath some more some less which seemed to be all fiery sown all over with little risings like Millet Seeds These Spots in a days time closed all together and spread themselves all over the Body So that it was all over of a red florid Colour In the mean time the Fever and Symptoms abated Three days after that general redness abated also and the Spots returned to be as they were when they first appeared and so within three days vanished quite away and so the Patient after the Skin of his Body was all peeled off was restored to perfect Health ANNOTATIONS THis Distemper which Forestus calls Purpurae or the Purples is very near akin to the Measles and the Cure of both is almost the same only the Subject to which this Infection adheres is hotter then that of the Measles but it is as easily dissipated nor are those little Pustles suppurated but dissipated by heat MEDICINAL OBSERVATIONS AND CURES OF Isbrand de Diemerbroeck OBSERVATION I. An Inflammation of the Lungs MOnsieur La Fontaine a
Noble French Man about thirty Years of Age Plethoric no great Drinker yet a Lover of unmixed Wine upon the Tenth of November going to Bed began to complain of difficulty of breathing yet without any pain in his Breast soon after a redness seized his Face especially his Cheeks and his Eyes also appeared swelled and inflamed This difficulty of breathing within two hours was so encreased that he could hardly draw his Breath insomuch that he was afraid of a Suffocation Wherefore about Midnight he sent for me bidding the Messenger tell me withal that he should dye unless I could help him with some present Remedy By the redness of his Face and his little frothy and flowry spitting as also by his difficulty of Breathing which was without any pain yet with a kind of heaviness in his Breast I judged this Distemper to be an Inflammation in his Lungs so much the rather because I found by his Pulse that he was in a strong Fever Thereupon I ordered a pint of Blood to be taken from the Basilic Vein of his right Arm by which he felt very much ease To drink for he was very thirsty I gave him a Ptisan of Barly cleansed and Licorice boyl'd in Water In the mean time the following Glister was prepared and given by six a Clock the next Morning â„ž Emâ—…llient Decoction â„¥ x. Elect. Diacatholici Diaphoenici an â„¥ j. common Salt Ê’j Oyl of Violets â„¥ ij for a Glister This gave him two sufficient Stools But because the difficulty of breathing still continued very oppressive about ten o Clock we took away a pint of Blood out of his left Arm. The Blood appeared indifferent good only that it had a great deal of Yellowish froth at the top Then besides the Ptisan he drank of the following Apozem now and then every day â„ž Barley cleansed Ê’ij 〈◊〉 Licoriâ—…e Ê’j â—… Endive Sorrel an one handful Violet Leaves two handfuls Flowers of Poppy Rheas two little handfuls the four greater Cold-seeds and Lettice-seeds an Ê’ij Currants Ê’ij common-Common-water q. s. Boyl this according to Art to two Pints In the straining dissolve Syrup of Poppy Rheas Violets and Limons an â„¥ j. mix them for an Apozem For his nourishment I prescribed him Broths with Chervil Endive clensed Barley and the like boiled therein The next day because the Patient would admit no more Glisters I gave him a Laxative Medicin which gave him four stools with great ease In the mean time he breathed much more freely and his Fever very much abated The following days the foresaid Apozem was five times repeated the seventh day of the Disease he fell into a very great Sweat of his own 〈◊〉 and so the force of the Disease being broken by a Crisis the â—…ever with the difficulty of breathing went off and the Patient was restored to his former Health ANNOTATIONS SAys Gallen when an acute Fever happens with difficulty of breathing accompanied with streightness and heaviness that Distemper is an Inslammation of the Lungs Now this Inflammation sometimes happens of it self sometimes it succeeds a Squinancy or 〈◊〉 when a Humor is carry'd from the Chaps or side into the Lungs by way of Mutation Whence Hippocrates An Inflammation in the Lungs from a Distemter in the sides is bad For it is a dangerous thing for one acute Disease to accompany or follow another But an Inflammation of the Lungs that does not proceed from any other Distemper but grows of it self proceeds from a thin and Choleric Blood flowing in a greater quantity then can be circulated into the Substance of the Lungs and there inflamed This Inflammation of the Lungs Fernelius asserts to be the less frequent of the two And it is much less frequent then the Pleurisie from which it differs because the one seizes with a most acute pain the other with a little pain but an oppressing heaviness for that the one inflames and distends the Pleura Membrane which is endued with an Exquisite Sence the other inflames and dilates the Lungs which are nothing so Sensitive In other things as acuteness of the Fever difficulty of breathing and other signs as also in the Cause and Cure of the Disease they both agree But besides the foresaid Inflmamation of the Lungs there is another sort more frequent which differs very much from the other in the excess of the Symptoms and the Cause as arising either from Flegm collected and putrified in the Lungs or from a thin sharp and copious distillation falling down upon the Lungs from the Brain and there preternaturally glowing and causing a Fever and by degrees wasting the Patient with a Cough difficulty of Breathing and a slow Fever without any spitting of Blood An Inflammation of the Lungs therefore is an acute Distemper which as Celsus testifies is more dangerous than painful Now this Distemper does not always seize the whole Lungs but sometimes one particular Lobe which Iacotius testifies he has seen in the opening of a Peripneumonic Body So says Iouberâ—… also In a Peripneumony there is no necessity that the whole Lungs should be always enflamed but many times some one of the Lobes only suffers as we have found by the Dissection of an Infinite number of Bodies This Hippocrates plainly declares where he teaches us how to know the differences of this Distemper in these words In an Inflammation of the Lungs if the whole Tongue be white and rough both parts of the Lungs are vext with an Inflammation but where but half the Tongue is so effected on that side where it is discoloured and rough there the Inflammation lyes A pain under one Clavicle denotes an Inflammation of one of the upper VVings of the Lungs but the pain extending under both Clavicles denotes that both the upper Wings of the Lungs are inflamed if the pain lye in the middle of the Ribs the middle part of the Lungs suffers but if the pain comes to that part to which the Lungs extends it self the lower wing of the Lungs is effected Where one whole Part is affected there all that answer to that Part must of necessity suffer The most certain and proper sign besides others of a true Peripneumâ—…ny is a redness of the â—…aws according to the Testimony of Galen Paulus Aegineta and Aviceâ—… with an acute Fever and extream difficulty of Breathing if accompanied with none or very little oppressive pain All which when they appeared so manifestly in our Patient there was no question to be made of the Distemper which Disease went off the seventh day upon an extraordidinary spontaneous Sweat which Forestus observes to be customary in a true Peripneumony Though sometimes as Aetius tistifies in young People it uses to go off with a violent Bleeding at the Nose or Flux of the Monthly Evacuaations which nevertheless I find that Riolanus denies Gregory Horstius has observed that a Peripneumony has gone off the seventh day with a Critical Flux Which however seems to be contrary to Reason when a Flux of
Arles affected with a Dissolution of both Sides and destitute of all Humane Assistance as one whom neither the Industry of the Physitians nor seasonable and proper Applications nor Observance of Diet could relieve who at length upon a vehement dread of Death and being burnt in his Bed the House wherein he lived being on fire was of a sudden delivered from that deplorable Disease Sense and Motion being restored to the Languid Parts The same Author relates another Story of a Cousin German of his who had been Paralytic six years of both his Thighs who nevertheless being provoked by one of his Servants into a vehement and sudden Passion recovered his Limbs and lived a found Man to his dying Day And thus sudden and exorbitant Commotions of the Mind have cur'd not only the Palsie but other Diseases incurable by Art Thus Herodotus testifies that the Son of Croesus born Dumb when he saw a Persian running upon his Father to kill him became vocal and cry'd out Friend do not kill Croesus and ever after that spoke like other Men. The same Valleriola reports that he saw a Person cured of a Quartan Ague through the vehemency of a sudden Passion when no manner of Physical Remedies could cure the Distemper before OBSERVATION XI Bleeding at the Nose CHarles N. an Ale-Brewer in the Month of October drinking and dancing to Excess at his Sister's Wedding of a sudden in the midst of a Dance fell flat to the Ground upon his Face and by the Vehemency of the Fall broke a Vein in his Nostrils which caused such an abounding Flux of Blood as if the Median Vein in his Arm had been cut Presently Cloaths dipp'd in Water and Vinegar were clap'd about his Neck and applied to his Nostrils Ligatures fastned about his Extream Parts but nothing would prevail Insomuch that the Patient as well because he was heated with Drink as by reason of the Pain of the Fall swooned away Thereupon seeing nothing would do and because there was no Chyrurgeon at hand to open a Vein I ordered a Towel four times double to be soaked in cold Water and apply'd to his Testicles which being twice repeated contrary to the Opinion of the Standers by not only stopp'd the Blood but recovered him to his first Sobriety OBSERVATION XII The Itch. COrnelius Iohannis was troubled with a dry Scab or running Itch with dry Crusts and little Scales upon his Skin that itch'd intollerably especially in the Night when he grew warm in his Bed The Crusts being scratched off by reason of the Itching with his Nails under them the Skin being a little raised appear'd very dry red and rough and then came Crusts and Scales like the former so that the common People thought him to be infected with the Leprosie This Distemper seized the lower part of his Belly his Thighs and Legs in such a manner that by reason of the dry Crusts or Scales the bare Skin was not to be seen in any of those Parts His Arms also and Breast were infected in some places Two years before upon the Crisis of a Quartan Ague for the Cure of which for fifteen Months together by the Advice of that famous Physitian D. Gallius and others who judged his Distemper to proceed from a vitiated Spleen several Medicines both inward and outward had been in vain made use of the Disease not only abating but rather encreasing at length I was sent for to a Consultation and seeing the Person of a strong Constitution and in good Health excepting only the aforesaid Distemper and observing there was no Sign either of Spleen Liver or any other Bowel affected I judged by that same Crisis of the Quartan Ague that all the noxious sharp and vitious Humors were expell'd out of the Spleen to the Skin and so his Spleen recovered its former Soundness but that the Skin was deeply infected with that dry Scab and that the Cause of the Distemper lay no longer in the Spleen but only remain'd deeply fixed in the Skin and that the Skin so infected contaminated also the Juices and Humors flowing thither every day for its Nourishment as a Vessel that has contracted any Filth infects the best Wine that is poured into it And indeed the Event of the Cure prov'd the truth of my Judgment For then I resolved to tame this obstinate Distemper not so much by Internal as by Topical Medicaments and those not gentle ones but strong Remedies answerable to the Greatness of the Evil and the Pertinacy of the Matter since many other things which others had try'd would do no good To this purpose his Body being well purged before hand in March I prescribed a Fomentation with which being luke-warm to foment the Parts infected twice a day for five or six days together â„ž Roots of Briony â„¥ iij. Worm-wood White Hore-hound Pimpernel Plantain Centaury the less an Handfuls iij. Oak-leaves Handfuls iiij Elder flowers Handfuls ij boil them in common Water q. s. to ten Pints adding at the end Roman Vitriol â„¥ j. Alâ—…m â„¥ j. s. for a Fomentation After Fomentation the Parts being dry'd with a Linnen Cloth I ordered them to be anointed with our Oyntment against the Shingles After six days Fomentation was discontinu'd and only the Oyntment used which in a few Weeks carried off a great part of the Distemper This Oyntment the Patient used all the Summer till September by which time he was almost cured excepting only three or four places about the breadth of a Dollar which would not submit to this Oyntment but still produced new crusty Scales Wherefore the sixteenth of September I prepared him the following Oyntment â„ž Quick-silver Ê’j s. Turpentine Ê’iij To these well mix'd add the Yolk of one Egg Unguent Papuleum Ê’vj of our Oyntment against the Shingles â„¥ j. s. mix them for an Oyntment These Remainders were very hard to be extirpated and therefore I was forced to continue the Use of this Oyntment a little longer augmenting afterwards the Quantity of Quick-silver also I again apply'd the foresaid Fomentation and thus at length this nasty troublesome Deformity of the Skin which others despaired of ever curing was at length abated and vanquish'd so that about the second of November it vanish'd quite and the Patient continued free from the same all the rest of his Life ANNOTATIONS THE Itch by the Greeks called Lichen by others Serpigo from Serpo to creep is a hard Asperity of the Skin with dry Pustles and a violent Itching creeping and extending it self to the adjoyning Parts Galen asserts two kinds of this Distemper There are two sorts says he of the Itch that molest the Skin The one tolerable and more gentle the other wild and diffi cult to be removed In these the Scales fall off from the Skin under which the Skin appears red and almost exulcerated Celsus who by the Word Impetigo seems to have understood some other Distemper describes this Itch of Galen under the Name of Papula and makes also two
sorts of it The one says he is that the Skin is exasperated by the smallest Pustles and is red and slightly corrodes in the middle somewhat lighter and creeps slowly it begins round and dilates in a Circle The other which the Greeks call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or the wild Itch is that by which the Skin becâ—…mes more rough is exculcerated and vehemently corroded looks red and sometimes fetches the Hair off which is less round and more difficultly cured As for the Cause of the Disease Galen Aetius Aegmeta affirm it to be generated out of certain mix'd Humors that is to say serous thin and sharp mix'd with thick Humors But in my Judgment Galen writes better and more perspicuously that this Distemper is generated out of a salt Flegm and yellow Choler which is the reason that as in earthen Vessels corroded by Pickles the Scales fall off the Skin Now these Humors being transmitted to the Skin putrifie it as Avicen says To which I add that this Corruption afterwards is intermixed with the good Humors carried to the Skin for its Nourishment and so the Mischief becomes diuternal Thus also Mercurialis writes that the Skin only having acquir'd a deprav'd Habit corrupts all its Nourishment and converts it into increase of Impurities And in the same manner discoursing of such a kind of scabby Patient In the whole Circuit of the Body there is a vitious and itchy Humor implanted by vertue of which whatever good Nourishment is carried to it is presently converted into a nasty salt corroding Humor which occasions that continual Itching together with those little Ulcers and the roughness of the Skin Now these Humors corrupting the Skin must of necessity be hot and salt from which proceeds that Heat and Itching of those Scales This Distemper however is not so dangerous as it is troblesome which if it continue long gets that deep footing that it is a very difficult thing to extirpate it and sometimes it hardens into a dry Mange and Leprosie The gentler sort is cur'd at the beginning with gentler Medicaments as Fasting-Spitle tosted Butter Oyl of Eggs of Tartar or Juniper boyled Honey liquid Pitch or Juice of Citron But that which is of longer continuance and wild requires stronger Remedies as Sulphur Minium Lytharge Ceruse Vitriol Pit-salt Rust of Brass Limeallum Niter white Hellebore c. To which we may add Quick-silver Sublimate and precipitate Mercury having a peculiar occult yet apparent Quality to kill the Malignity that accompanies this Distemper Thus Peter Pachetus in his Observations communicated to Riverius when no other Remedies could tame a wild Itch cur'd it with this Oyntment â„ž Unguent Rosaceum Ê’ iij. White Precipitate Ê’ iij. Mix them for an Oyntment OBSERVATION XIII A Mortification of the Legs and Thighs by Cold. MAny times severe Mischiefs attend the Imprudence of Persons given to drink which a certain lusty young Man sufficiently made known by his own woful Example For he in a most terrible Winter when it freez'd vehemently hard coming home about Midnight well Cup-shot without any body to help him to Bed went into his Chamber where falling all along upon the Floor he fell asleep and neither remembring himself nor his Bed slept till Morning But when he awak'd he could feel neither Feet nor Legs Presently a Physitian was sent for But there was no feeling either in his Legs or Feet though scarified very deep Hot Fomentations were apply'd of hot Herbs boil'd in Wine adding thereto Spirit of Wine but to little purpose For half his Feet and half his Legs below the Calves were mortified the innate Heat being almost extinguished by the Vehemency of the intense Cold. The Fomentations were continued for three days Upon the fourth day the mortified Parts began to look black and stink like a dead Carcass Therefore for the Preservation of the Patient there was a necessity of having recourse to the last Extremity namely Amputation and so upon the sixth day both his Legs were cut off a little below the Calves in the quick part by which means the Patient escaped without his Feet from imminent Death and afterwards learn'd a new way to walk upon his Knees ANNOTATIONS AN Example of the same Nature we saw at Nimeghen in the Year 1636. of a Danish Souldier who having slept Drunk as he was upon a Form in a bitter frosty Night when he walk'd in the Morning could not feel his Feet But by heating Fomentations the native Heat at most extinguished by the Cold after two days so menting was restored to his Feet tho his Toes could never be brought to their natural Constitution but remaining mortified and beginning to putrifie were all cut off by the Chyrurgeon And therefore I would advise all hard Drinkers not to take their Naps too imprudently in the Winter unless they have first laid themselves in a warm Place and well fortified themselves against the Injuries of the Air least their being buried in Wine bring them to be buried in Earth OBSERVATION XIV Obstruction of the Spleen KAtharine N. a Woman of forty four years of Age had been troubled a whole year with an Obstruction of her Spleen much Wind rumbled in the Region of her Spleen she was tormented with terrible Pains of the same Side by reason of the Distention of the Bowels and the neighbouring parts so that she went altogether bow'd toward the Side affected till at length grown as lean as a Skeleton with continual Torments she could go no longer You might also perceive by laying your Hands upon the Place that the Spleen was very much swell'd and more than all this her Stomach was quite gone In March being call'd to the Cure of this Distemper I first purg'd her Body with a gentle Purge upon which when she found but very little Relief I prescribed the following Apozeme for two days to open the obstructed Passages and prepare the Morbific Matter and withal to keep her Body open â„ž Roots of Polypody of the Oak Dandelyon an â„¥ j. Roots of Fennel Elecampane Stone Parsly Peeling of Capery roots Tamarisc an â„¥ s. Baum Fumary Water Trefoil Tops of Hops an Handful j. Centaury the less half a Handful Fennel seed Ê’ij Damask Prunes â—… o xi Currants â„¥ ij Boil thâ—…m in common Water q. s. In the straining macerate all night of Spoonwort Winter Nasturtium an Handful j. Leaves of Senna cleansed â„¥ ij Anise-seed Ê’vi Make an Apozeme for two Pints After she had drank two Mornings a Draught of this Decoction she went to Stool twice or thrice a day but the Ease which was expected did not follow Wherefore after she had drank up her Apozeme I gave her a purging Medicine somewhat stronger which I thus prescribed â„ž Leaves of Senna cleansed â„¥ s. White Agaric Ê’j Roots of Black Helleâ—…ore Ê’s Rhenish Tartar Anise-seed an Ê’j Fumary VVater q. s. Make an Infusion all night and add to the straining Elect. of Hiera Picra Diaphoenicon an Ê’ij for a Draught
Diet recovered his lost Strength However for a long time after his Cure he was ill and coveted after any sort of Drink which ill Habit however afterward vanished so soon as his Guts by the use of good Diet were again fortified with new Slime which had been corroded away by the Acrimony of the former Humors This Patient thus cured the same Distemper seiz'd three or four others in the same House who were all cur'd in the same manner ANNOTATIONS AT the same time at Montfort Dysenteries were very rise over the whole Town among the Common People and kill'd several which therefore many judg'd to be Malignant and Contagious but erroneously for that it was not rife as it was contagious but in regard of the Season of the year and the Diet then in use for the Autumn of the Year before was hot and moist and had multiplied many Humors in the Bodies of People then followed a dry and intensly cold Winter which intense Cold lasted a long time with a most terrible Frost and thickned those Humors But at the beginning of February that rigid Cold changed of a sudden into a mild Warmth by which means the Humors condensed by the Cold were dissolved again and became fluid Now during the Frost because there was no bringing of fresh Flesh or Fish or any other fresh Diet the Common People fed upon old Flesh and old Fish salted and hardned in the Smoak Turneps much Spice and the like Food that sharpen the Humors which being again dissolved and rendred fluid by the sudden Heat occasioned that great number of Dysenteries yet no where but among the vulgar People that made use of such a sort of Diet for the wealthy sort that eat well were not at all troubled with the Distemper Hence also it came to pass that because three or four in the same House fed alike they had all the same Disease not that the Disease was common upon the score of Contagion for then it would have infected those that came to them as well as themselves OBSERVATION XVIII A Dysentery PAnâ—…ras Collert a stout young Man about two and twenty years of age at the same time also was seized with a Dysentery and in regard he could not endure to take Physic perhaps because he was very Covetous he refused to take the Advice of any Physitians but would needs be his own Physitian He had observed that I was wont to purge Dysenteries at the beginning and therefore he resolved to follow my Course in his own Disease yet willing to spare Cost he prepared himself the following Purge Tabacco small cut â„¥ s. this he steep'd in small Ale all Night the next Morning he boil'd it a little and strain'd it and drank of the whole Straining at a Draught After which he was taken with an extraordinary Faintness even to Swooning so that the People of the House thought he would have died Presently followed a prodigious Vomiting and Purging downwards so that he voided an Extraordinary quantity of various Humors especially yellow and green Choler upwards and downwards by which means the Cause of the Disease being violently and altogether evacuated he was cured of his Dysentery by that one Draught ANNOTATIONS SAys Celsus Oft times those whom Reason will not recover Rashness helps This is apparent by the Example of that young Man whose Rashness had any other weaker Persons followed they had perhaps cured their Dysentery by the Flux of their Soul For Tobacco that way taken is a most vehement disturbing Medicament against the Violence of which there is no resistance And therefore I would not advise all People to use this Experiment If the rash taking of such a violent Medicine succeed well with some young Persons that are of a robust Constitution the same Success is not to be expected in all People Nevertheless that this Tobacco thus taken by a very strong Man should heal his Dysentery is no way repugnant to Reason for by its extraordinary Violence it evacuated altogether the whole Cause of the Distemper I heard also that two other country Boors being troubled with a Dysentery made tryal of the same Experiment OBSERVATION XIX Suppression of Female Purgations ANtonia a Plethoric Woman very strong about three and twenty years of age lying in of her first Child rising the third day after her Delivery too venturously trusted herself to the cold Air upon which her Purgations immediately stopp'd yet she was well enough till the third Week of her Month at what time a violent Pain seized her Right-side toward the Region of the Spleen as also her Loyns and extended it self from the Huckle-bone to the true Ribs The Pain had brought her very low and taken away her Appetite yet by her Pulse I found she had no Fever and therefore upon the twentieth of September I ordered her to be purged with this following Potion â„ž The best Rhubarb Ê’j Leaves of Senna cleansed Ê’iij Rhenish Tartar Anisâ—…seeds an Ê’j s. Mugwort water q. s. Make an Infusion according to Art Adding to the Straining Elect of Hiera Picra Ê’j s. for a Potion After this Purge she loathed Physic to that degree that we must have here given over but that upon the twenty second of September she was seized with a violent Suffocation from her Womb by which the Passage of her Breath being stopp'd she was almost stifled and sometimes swooned away Then tormented with her Pains and afraid to dye she promised to take whatever we gave her though never so ungrateful to the Palate so there were any Hopes of Ease There to abate the Uterine Suffocation I gave her this Decoction of which she was to take one two or three Ounces several times a day â„ž Leaves of Rue one Handful seed of Lovage Ê’vj Down of Nuts â„¥ â—… Seed of Caraways and Bishops-weed Ê’j Decoction of Barly-water q. s. Boil them to a Pint and strain them By the use of this the Suffocation was almost vanquished only the Pains of her Side more and more increased and extended themselves to her very Shoulder so that I began to be afraid of her Life therefore the twenty fourth of September this Apozeme was made â„ž Roots of Fennel Valerian Stone-Parsly an â„¥ s. Of Briony Ê’vi Of round Birthwort Dittany an Ê’jj Of Sassafras-wood Ê’iij Herbs Mugwort Rue Peniroyal Feverfew Savine Nipp an Handful j. Flowers of Camomil half a Handful Seed of Lovage Ê’v Common Water q. s. Boil them to two Pints In the straining steep for a whole Night together Leaves of Senna cleansed â„¥ ij White Agaric Ê’j s. Aniseseed Ê’v In the Morning let them simper over the Fire and then strain them by Expression for an Apozeme Of this Decoction she took twice a day in the Morning and at four or five a clock in the Afternoon each time four or five Ounces lukewarm which brought away every day three four or five times putrid nasty tough black and very viscous Excrements besides an extraordinary deal
of Wind. In the intervening Hours because of the Suffocations frequently returning she sometimes took her first Decoction By the use of these Medicines within four days the greatest part of her Pains ceased The twenty ninth of September I ordered the Saphena Vein in her Left-foot to be opened and a good quantity of Blood to be taken away which gave her ease and the same day she took her last Apozeme again of which the following days she drank no more than once a day And thus by the use of these Remedies she escaped a dangerous Disease and recovered her Health ANNOTATIONS CHild-bearing Women in their Lyings in frequently commit very great Errors afterwards the Causes of great Mischiefs Among which this is not the least that they are over confident of their own Strength and trust themselves in the Air sooner than the time of their Lying in will permit whence arise those dangerous Diseases Suppression of the Courses Fevers Suffocations and many others of which there are several Examples to be found in Authors besides what we see every day Thus in our Practice we have seen through this Error committed by Child-bearing Women most terrible Diseases brought upon them some of whom have died others ran most terrible Hazards others have goâ—… those afflictions of some particular Part which they could never claw off as long as they liv'd They do not all escape so luckily as our Patient before mentioned for sometimes extream Weakness or loathing of the Taste or a Fever or some other thing hinders the taking of the Medicaments or inverts or hinders the operation of the Medicines and then all the Art and Diligence of the Physitian signifies nothing Thus the same year that I had this Woman in Cure the Wife of a Kinsman of mine at Utrecht a strong Woman fell into the same Distemper but not to be cured by all the Prescriptions of the most learned and prudent Physitians In these Cases I have observed this that the Courses suppressed a little after Delivery unless they be stirred within three or four days by Medicaments can very hardly or not at all be moved by the help of the Physitians but are the Causes of very desperate Diseases which Diseases do not presently appear sometimes not till after some days sometimes not till after the third or fourth Week And in the Cure of these Diseases I have farther observed this that the greatest Relief is given at the beginning before the Strength of the Patient is abated partly by attenuating Apozems and loosning withal to provoke and evacuate the Matters peccant both in quantity and quality partly by Blood-letting in the Feet which way of Cure I have with success experienced more than once OBSERVATION XX. The Nephritic Passion THE Young Lady Calsâ—…ager was so cruelly tormented for three days with a Pain a little below her Loyns that she knew not where to turn her self these Pains were also accompanied with Vomiting and an extraordinary Restlessness It was the Nephritic Passion and the Gravel or Stone descending through the Ureters caused this Pain Wherefore to expel the Gravel with more speed and ease I prescribed this Decoction â„ž Slic'd Licorice â„¥ s. Herbs Stone-parsly Althea Chervil Mallows Water-parsly Leaves of black Ribs an one Handful Flowers of Camomil one Handful and a half fat Figs n o ix New Milk common Water an q. s. Boil them to the Consumption of the third part for an Apozem That Day she drank almost all the Decoction and about Evening voided some small Stones with a good quantity of Gravel and was freed from her Distemper ANNOTATIONS MEdicines that break the Stone sometimes crumble the little Stones that stick in the Kidneys as Experience tells us But when they are expell'd out of the Kidneys and stick in the Ureters they are not to be crumbled by the force of any Medicaments whatever which Reason besides Experience teaches us since no Medicaments can reach thither with their Vertue entire for that the great quantity of Serum running thither and there setling hinders and abates the Strength of the Medicaments so that they are disabled in their Operation And therefore to force the Stones out of the Ureter lenifying and molifying Medicaments must be mixed with the Diuretics to smooth and mollifie the Ureters and to prepare a more easie Descent for the Stone Such is that Decoction which I and such is that Prescription of Io. Baptist Thodosius which he boast never fail'd him in driving out the Stone though he had made use of it several and several times â„ž Leaves of fresh gathered Althea one Handful and a half New Butter â„¥ iij. Honey lb j. Boil them together in Water q. s. to the Consumption of the third part Take of the Straining a warm Draught Morning and Evening Such is also that celebrated Secret of Forestus which most Physitians highly approve and which I have successfully made use of only now and then with some Alterations and Additions of which Forestus himself thus writes This my Secret I will no longer conceal for tâ—…e common Benefit of the Sick that it may not be laid to mine which was laid to the Charge of the wicked Servant who hid the Talent which God had given him in the Earth And therefore I will no longer to the Prejudice of Posterity keep this Secret by me which is this â„ž Seed of Mallows Althea an Ê’iij Red Vetches â„¥ iij. The four greater Seeds an Ê’ij Barly cleaned â„¥ ij Fat Figs n o ix Sebeston n o vij Licorice slic'd Ê’j Rain-water 〈◊〉 iiij Boil these to the Consumption of half and reserve the Straining for use which the Patient continually using always voided Stones OBSERVATION XXI The Worms A Little Boy the Son of Antonius about three years of age had the lower part of his Belly extreamly swell'd and stretch'd like a Drumb so that he seem'd to be Hydropic his Stomach was gone with a slight Fever accompanied with Frights in his Sleep and he would be always rubbing his Nose with his Fingers I guess'd them to be either Worms or crude Humors sticking in the first Region of the Belly that caused all those evil Symptoms Wherefore because the Child would take nothing but would be always drinking I ordered new Ale to be given him for his Drink with which I only mixt a little Oyl of Vitriol so much as suffic'd to give it a gentle Sowrness This Drink being continued for a fortnight or three Weeks the Swelling of his Belly fell but he voided no Worms ANNOTATIONS OYl of Vitriol given after that manner does not only remove all Putrefactions and Corruptions but kills and consumes the Worms in the Stomach and Guts and those that are infested with such like evils and we have seen it recover those that have been despaired of contrary to Expectation Thus my Sister Cornelia when she came to be seven years of Age and was miserably tormented with the Worms in her Belly and had taken several Remedies to no
very heartily to the Company about her pale Death came and interrupted her Discourse ANNOTATIONS THIS Rupture was so narrow that it was a wonder how the Intestine could fall through it it being almost impossible to put it back as it was of it self and empty through so narrow a Passage much less distended with Wind. Such a narrow Rupture I once saw before in one that was opened Wherefore they do very ill who endeavour to force back the Guts through such narrow passages like your strolling Hang-men of Mountebanks for that by such a force the Gut may be sooner broken then reduced both Reason and Experience teach us Bursten Guts therefore must be gently handled and first we must endeavour with Cataplasms Fomentations and other proper Topics to dispel the Wind and drive it back and then without any violence to attempt the reducing of the Gut which if they will not do there is no way but dilatation of the Peritonaeum OBSERVATION XL. Difficulty of Urine GErard Driessem a Merchant about fifty Years of Age was troubled with a difficulty of Urine so that his Urine did not only drizzle from him with great difficulty and Pain but also very often came not forth at all The cause was a certain viscous and tenacious Slime which at times falling down in great quantity to the Bladder did so besiege the Sphincter that it stopped both it's own and the passage of the Urine This Slime descending through the passage of the Yard and coming forth was tough and many times might be drawn out in ropes with the Fingers many times it stuck so obstinately to the passage that there was a necessity of loosening it and drawing it forth with a long Silver-Headed-Bodkin this Malady had been familiar to him for many Years and sometimes seized him three four and five times a Year and between the Intervals he voided a great quantity of slimy Flegm many noted Physitians had used several Remedies for the cure of this Malady but all in vain which Physitians vary'd in their opinions concerning the cause and generation of that same tough and slimy Flegm as also about the place from whence it descended so Periodically In the mean while the Patient could neither be cured by others nor by my self The Malady therefore increasing he found the greatest benefit and ease by the following Potion which he took very often and by means of which his Pains were mitigated and his Urine provoked and because it rendered the Urinary Passages Slippery he voided that thick and viscous Flegm more commodiously with more ease and less Pain and in greater quantity â„ž Oyl of sweet Almonds â„¥ j. s. the best Malmsey-wine â„¥ ij Iuice of Pome-Citron newly pressed â„¥ s. mix them for a Potion ANNOTATIONS SEnnertus among other Causes of a Dysury reckons up one not much different from that already rehearsed Many times saith he a white and as it were a milkie Matter is copiously voided with the Urine and causes a heat in making Water which is sometimes voided in so great a quantity that where it settles it fills up half the Chamber-pot and such a voiding of Water many times continues very long Concerning its Generation I have known several varieties of Opinions and that some have taken it for a mattery Substance bred in the Kidneys But if the whole Kidneys should be dissolved into Matter it could not amount to so great a quantity as is sometimes voided every day for several Weeks together My Opinion is that this matter proceeds from Crudity and vitious Concoction first of the Stomach then because the Error of the first Concoction cannot be mended in the second of the Liver where the Chylus and afterwards the Blood is left raw and uncleansed from the Salt and tartarous Parts which ought to be separated in the first Concoction which being afterwards attracted by the Kidneys and transmitted to the Bladder cause Pain in making water especially toward the end while something of the said Matter sticks pertinaciously to the Neck of the Bladder and the Extremity of the Urinary Passage For the Cure of this Malady there are many things very prevalent which temper and dulcifie the Acrimony and render the Urinary Passages slippery to afford a freer Passage for the thicker Matter as Oyl of sweet Almonds newly extracted which is very useful in this case Malmsie-wine the drinking of which alone as Sennertus writes cured a certain Person that was troubled with a terrible Dysury The Decoction of Cammomil-flowers in Cows Milk with which Forestus writes he knew an old Man cured Or that Decoction with which we cured a Child Ob. 7. Also the Decoction of Marsh-mallows Mallows Figs Licorice and the like Fernelius's Syrup of Althea more especially Turpentine mix'd with Sugar and swallowed in a Bolus which cuts the thick Humors attenuates cleanses expels softens and mollifies the Passages OBSERVATION XLI Spitting of Blood MOnsieur Ioannes a Priest of Craneburgh in the Year 1636. February the 16th sent me this Letter Doctor THE Fame of your Knowledg and Experience haâ—… over-rul'd me to desire your Advice in my Distemper For a long time a violent Cough has troubled me which will hardly permit me to rest moreover about a Month since this Cough was accompanied with a spitting of frothy Blood which ever since I have continually spit sometimes in a less sometimes greater quantity which Spitting is very troublesome to me I have lost my Stomach so that I can eat nothing unless it be some small Trifle mix'd with Vinegar or some other Acid. If you have any proper Remedy I beg you to impart it to us Your most Devoted Ioannes Sacerdos The same day I sent him this Answer Reverend Sir I Received your Letter to which according to the shortness of the time I send you this short Answer you have been long troubled with a sharp and salt Defluction upon your Lungs from whence your vehement and continued Cough has derived it self At length some Vein of the Lungs being opened by the great quantity of distilling Humors or broken by the force of the Cough pours out that Blood which you spit out frothy from your Lungs This Malady cannot be cured unless the descent of the Catarhs be prevented and the Cough allay'd to which purpose I have here sent you some Remedies First seven Pills to take to morrow Morning which will gently purge you Secondly A Conditement of which you are to take after you have purged the quantity of a Nutmeg Morning Noon and Night for several days together Thirdly A Looch to lick when your Cough afflicts you Fourthly Lozenges to let melt in your Mouth as often as you please as well in the Day as Night-time To these four I have added a little Bag what is in it you must put in a new earthen Pipkin and heat it over the Fire without any Moisture then put it into the Bag again and lay it to your Head as hot as you can endure it letting it lye
laid bare at that time we could perceive nothing for the Blood but the next day we discovered two apparent Fissures in the Cranium and upon one side a small Particle about half a Fingers length somewhat depressed which Particle was every way sever'd and broken from the Bone Therefore in the next firm Part we made a perforation with a Trepan and took out half an ounce of Blood which had flow'd out of the little broken Veins between the Cranium and the thick Meninx and there had shelter'd it self which being wiped off we laid a little rag dipped in Honey of Roses upon the Meninx and having filled the Wound without side with dry Wooll we covered it with Emplaster of Betony The sixth of February some little Blood came forth but after that none at all in the mean time we kept his Belly loose with a gentle Purge thus we ordered the Wound till the twelfth of February and covered his Head with a quilt of Cephalic Herbs and other things afterwards we began to lay the following Powder mixed with Honey of Roses upon the Meninx ℞ Sanguis Draconis Frankincense Aloes Myrrh an ℈ j. Fine Barley Flower ℈ j. s. Make it into a very fine Powder The eighteenth of February the flesh began to grow from the inside of the Meninx The first of March the Meninx was covered with flesh The sixteenth of March a little Scale was separated from the upper Bone of the Skull laid bare and at the beginning of April the Man being perfectly cured went abroad ANNOTATIONS THE suddain Consternation of this Person as it were Apoplectic was a certain sign of the Skull being depress'd which depression could never have been made without a Fracture or a Fissure And though for the following days the Patient felt nothing in his Head in regard such a depression and Fissure could not happen without breaking some of the little Veins it was better to open the Skull and take out the Extravasated Blood then to expect the Symptoms of it when Corrupted and Putrified For a very little Blood though no more then a dram yet Putrifying upon the Meninx may cause terrible Symptoms and Death it self OBSERVATION LIII The Head-ach PEtronel de Kuijck a Country-Woman about threescore Years old complained in February of terrible Pains in her Head as also of Catarrhs falling upon her Eyes Teeth Shoulders and other parts that she had been troubled all the Winter and felt a very great cold at the top of her Head as if the fore part of her Head had been dipped in cold Water Therefore having prescribed her a hotter and Cephalic Diet I Purged her with Pill Cochiae and Golden Pills then I ordered Linnen-cloths four doubled and dipped in Spirit of Wine warmed and gently squeezed to be laid over all the upper Part of her Head and to continue so doing for some days which done that Diuturnal Pain together with her Catarrhs all ceased within a few days then for prevention and preservation I prescribed her a Quilt to wear upon her Head ℞ Marjoram one little Handful Rosemary Sage Flowers of Melilot Lavender an one little Handful Nutmegs Cloves an ℈ ij Make a Powder for a Quilt ANNOTATIONS IN these cold Maladies of the Brain besides general and internal Medicines proper Topics are very beneficial so that many times they alone at the beginning of the Distemper contribute very much to the Cure In which case we made use of Spirit of Wine with good Success the Fomentations of which are highly commended by Arculanus Plater commends Dill Forestus Cammomile however they are made use of in Head-achs proceeding from cold Causes Aetius applaudes Goats dung bruised and laid on Morning and and Evening Others dry up cold superfluous humors after this manner ℞ Millet-seed lb j. common Salt lb s. Leaves of Majoram Rosemary Sage Flowers of Lavender Melolet an one small handful Seeds of Anise Fennel Dill Cummin an ʒ ij Lawrel Berries ʒiij These being fryed in a Frying-pan let them be put into little bags and while they continue warm let the head be first dried and then well rubb'd with them for half an hour Aetius prefers Vervein with the Roots and creeping Time boyl'd in Oyl for the Cure of all Head-aches proceeding from cold and thick Humors He also recommends Hog-lice boyl'd in Oyl for the same purposes P. Aegineta writes of a Woman who was very famous for cuing Head-aches either with or without a Fever by this means She boyl'd the green Roots of Asses Cucumers cut very small and Wormwood in Oyl till they grew soft and with this Oyl and Water she moistened and watered the Head and then clapt the Root bruised with the Wormwood upon it Which Medicine is highly recommended by Avicine who prescribes it after this form ℞ Common Oyl common-water an lb j. Leaves of Wormwood M. j. s. Root of Asses Cucumers ʒ ij Let them boyl together OBSERVATION LIV. A Hickup ANtonetta N. a poor Woman desired me to see her Daughter a Maid about twenty four Years of Age she had been troubled for ten days with a continual violent and troublesome Hickup and none of the old Womens Remedies would do her any good when I understood her Womb was well I judg'd that the Malady proceeded from some sharp Matter firmly Impacted in the Tunicles of the Stomach therefore I gave her first a light Vomit which gave her three or four Vomits but no release from her Hickup Thereupon I prescribed her this following little Bag. ℞ Flowers of Mint camomil Dill an M j. of red Roses Melilot an M. s. one white Poppy Head cut small Nutmeg Aniseed an ʒj of Dill and Cumin an ʒj s. cut and bruise them grossly and make a Linnen bag about the bigness of two hands breadth This Bag I ordered her to boil for half an hour in new Milk and common Water an lbj. s. and to take ever and anon a Draught of this Decoction and after she had gently squeezed the Bag to apply it hot to the Region of her Stomach which when she had continued to do but for one day her Hickup left her ANNOTATIONS SAys Hippocrates A Convulsion is caus'd by Repletion or Emptiness and so is a Hickup But for the most part a Hickup proceeds from Repletion seldom from Emptiness as Galen testifies Under the word Plenitude are comprehended also whatever matter sticks close to the Tunicles of the Stomach and twiching and gnawing them with its Acrimony whether sharp tough Humors Pepper or any other thing A Hickup if it last long is very troublesome but it seldom uses to continue long Yet M. Gatinaria tells a Story of a Doctor of Law who was troubled with a Hickup for twelve days together and Forestus makes mention of an old Woman that Hickupp'd many times for half a year together To suppress this Hickupping those Medicaments are most proper which loosen and remove the sharp and biting humors from the Tunicles of the Stomach such are Vomiting Medicines
on and then the Girdle girt about his Breast just under the Arm-pits as hard as he could well endure it and so Button'd This done he presently felt a great deal of ease and fetch'd his Breath much more freely and strongly The fourteenth of March his spitting of Blood together with his Cough quite left him this Cere-Cloth lay on a Month by which time the Muscles of his Breast were so closed that the Patient had no need of any other Medicins and sounded his Trumpet again without his Girdle however I advised him to wear his Girdle especially when he told me that he blew his Trumpet with more ease when he had it on ANNOTATIONS THIS Patient would swallow nothing but only a Laxative Medicament which made me fear he would fall into a Consumption for besides his spitting of Blood his strength was so wasted that he could not sit upright in his Bed but was forced to lye upon his Back But when I found that weakness proceeded meerly from a defect of Motion in the Instruments of Respiration I recovered him contrary to the expectation of all Men by the said Cere-cloth and Girdle Nor was the least part of the Cure to be ascribed to the Girdle for so soon as I had bound his Breast tite he could sit up in his Bed and fetch his Breath much more freely Many of these Trumpeters striving to out-vie one another strain themselves in their Sounding to that degree that often-times they become Bursten or spit Blood and many times crack the Thread of their own Lives As we saw in November 1641. at what time one of Captain Bax's Trumpeters striving to out-do the rest in Sounding broke a great Vein in his Lungs which bled in such abundance that within two hours he Expir'd OBSERVATION LVIII An Hysterical Suffocation RIcherda a Maid belonging to the Lady of Nassau was troubled with a vehement Hysterical Suffocation accompany'd with a grumbling in her Belly and sometimes with Vomiting and raving talk she said she contracted this Distemper by sitting in a cold House of Office exposed to the Wind which she received up into her Body The ninth of Ianuary because she was bound I gave her a gentle Purgative which gave her five Stools upon which day she was clear of her Fit But the next Night her Fit was more violent and the next day very greivous the Fit went off very well with the Smoak of Partridge Feathers held to her Nose besides that we gave her a Ball of Assa Faetida made up with Castor and Galbanum to hold in her hand and smell to ever and anon toward Evening two hours before her Grand Fit she fell into such Deliriums that she talked idly and had several Inclinations to Vomit but nothing came up but what she had eaten or drank before the Fit went off again with the Smoak of Partridge Feathers and the following Emplaster was applied to her Navel â„ž Castor ℈ j. Benzoin ℈ j. Oppoponax Sagapen dissolved in Vinegar an ℈ â—…j mix them and spread them upon a peice of Leather of a hands breadth I gave her also an Hysterical draught but that she brought up again within an hour The eleventh of Ianuary she took the following Apozem ever now and then â„ž Roots of Masterwort Valerian Dittany an Ê’iij Leaves of Mug-wort Peny-royal Feverfew an M. j. Seeds of Lovage Wild Carrots Ê’ij Common water q. s. Boyl them to a pint and a half All that day she took of this and never vomited but without any benefit her deliriums and ravings returned by Intervalls toward Evening I gave her this Powder in a little Ale â„ž Castor ℈ s. Oriental Saffron gr v. Trochischs of Myrrh ℈ s. make them into Powder All this did no good therefore the twelfth of Ianuary when the Symptoms began again to appear I gave her only Ê’j of Yellow Amber prepared and pulveriz'd with a little Ale which Powder when she had taken within an hour all the Symptoms miraculously vanished but in the Evening when she began to perceive some fore-bodings of her Distemper the same Powder was given her again and so she slept quietly all the next Night the thirteenth and fourteeeth when she perceived any grumbling in the lower part of her Belly she took the same Powder again Morning and Evening which quite recovered her ANNOTATIONS AMber is said to be a prevalent Remedy in Hysterical Distempers by a peculiar Faculty the effect of which when I found by this Experiment I made use of it again with great success in the like Cases The Smoak of Patridge Feathers is very effectual also in the time of the Fit of which I also made use upon the like occasions with the same good fortune With these Feathers Forestus freed a Hysteric Woman from her Fits when all other Remedies fail'd as he writes himself and therefore he always kept them by him as being endued with an occult quality for that purpose Gradus Bottonus Riverius and Others commend the same beside that it is a Remedy well known among the Women Most Physitians extol the Smoak of Hair Horns Old Shoes and Rags burnt and held to the Nose Galen and Priscian commend the smell of Rue and the same Effects are produced by Galbanum Castor Assa Faetida and such like stinking Smells held to the Nostrils Leonellus compounds a Ball of Castor Ê’iij Assa Faetida Galbanum an Ê’ij Wax q. s. to incorporate them Among all the Remedies says Bottonus that that soonest recals Women out of their Fits is a Fumigation of the Powder of Wens that grew upon Horses Legs dryed in a hot Oven burnt upon the Coals and held to the Nostrils This Powder is commended also by Augenius and other Physitians But though these stinking and loathsome Fumigations tryed by common Experience and by Galen Avicen and other Famous Physitians are made use of and extolled as the best and most present Remedies in these Uterine Suffocations yet there are some who utterly reject and disapprove them Thus Cleopatra and Moschio disparage them as vain and frivolous Capivaccius writes that they do very ill who at first make use of Frictions and Fumigations for he would have the whole Body first Evacuated and in the first place the Uterine Parts Duretus writes that ill Smells nothing avail in Suffocations that proceed from Menstruous Suppressions or Suppression of the Seed but do more harm then good which Mercatus also affirms But that they are only proper when the Womb moves of it self to the Liver and sticks to it However with their good leave this Opinion seems very repugnant to the Doctrine of Hippocrates whom in all Uterine Suffocations prescribes stinking things but for the lower Parts recommends sweet Fumes as also the Fumes of Castor and Fleabane As for the Suffocation when the Womb ascends voluntarily to the Liver 't is hardly credible there should be any such thing in Nature For the Womb never moves of it self but when it is forced by some
the Nerves or too much Relaxation so that being oppressed with weight they are extended with Pains but this sort of Gout is not so terrible For the second Cause of the Gout proceeds from the salt sharp and tartarous Humors separated from the Blood and thrust forward upon the Joynts Therefore says Sennertus I must conclude that a sharp salt subtil Humor nearest to the Nature of salt Spirits is the Cause of the Gout Let any Man call it by what other Name he please Choler or Flegm mixed with Choler Salt or Tartar so the thing be rightly understood In vain therefore Physicians have hitherto sought for the Cause of the Gout in the Heat and Drougth of Choler or the Moisture and Cold of Flegm for they are not the first but the second Qualities which induce those Pains that is the Salt and the Acrimony which corrode and gnaw those Parts Therefore says Hippocrates 't is not hot cold moist and dry that have the acting Power but bitter and salt sweet and acid insipid and sharp which if rightly tempered together are no way troublesome but when alone and separated one from the other then they give the Vexation and shew themselves c. In the Cure of the first in regard the Cause proceeds from a depraved Disposition of the Brain therefore the Brain is to be evacuated and corroborated to prevent these Excrements from gathering any more in that place The Parts affected also are to be corroborated with Topics warming the Parts dissipating and drying up the crude Humors In the Cure of the hot Gout the salt Humors are to be evacuated and purged away by inward Medicaments before they be pushed forward into the Joynts and that their Generation may be prevented Topics also must be made use of to temper the Acrimony of the salt Humors to dissolve dissipate and evacuate by transpiration those Humors the Forms of which I shall give in another place OBSERVATION XCIV A Pain in the Stomach with Vomiting PEtronella Beekman a Maid about twenty seven or twenty eight years of age the nineteenth of Iune was taken with an intolerable Pain in the upper part of her Belly which extended it self sometimes to the Right sometimes to the Left but most to the Sides She had a Vomiting likewise sometimes more gentle sometimes vehement which brought up all her Meat Sometimes her vehement Vomiting brought a Pint or a Pint and a half of black Water with some tough Flegm At the top of this Water swam certain little Bodies about the bigness of a Filberd in Colour and Consistence resembling Butter When these came up she had some ease for two or three hours but then her pain returned again She had no Fever no Tumor in her Spleen no Obstruction in her Kidneys and she made Water without trouble but very thick neither did she void any Gravel either before or after nor was there any Distemper to be perceived in her Womb where all things proceeded according to Nature nor had bad Diet been the cause of her Distemper but what that buttery Substance should be I could not certainly tell for my Life only I conjectured that it might be some corrupt Choler preternaturally chang'd into that Substance However the first thing I did was to stop her Vomiting to which purpose I caused her Stomach to be anointed with Oyl of Nutmegs and applied a warm Cataplasm to it of Mint Red Roses Nutmegs Cloves Mastich Olibanum sowre Ferment and Vinegar of Roses but all to no purpose The next day her Pains and Vomiting having very much weakned her I gave her a corroborating Medicament of Matthiolus's Aqua Vitae Treacle and Cinnamon-water and Syrup of Limons equal parts to take frequently in a Spoon which stay'd with her The twenty first of Iune I applied to the Region of her Stomach a corroborating Plaister of Tacamahacca Galbanum Cloves Benjamin and the like The twenty second I gave her a gentle Purging Draught which she presently brought up again then I ordered her a Glister which gave her two or three Stool but her cruel Pain and Vomiting continued still The twenty fourth I gave her one Scruple of Pill Ruffiae which stay'd with her and gave her three Stools about Evening and then because the Plaister was troublesome I took it off and applied in the Room a Linnen Quilt filled with Mint Wormwood Sage Flowers of Cammomil Melilot Dill Nutmegs Cumin-seed Fennel and Dill-seed which Quilt was boiled in strong Wine and applied to her Stomach The twenty eighth she took another Glister The twenty ninth about night I gave her two Scruples of Philonium Romanum prepared with Euphorbium in a little Wine which caused her to sleep that Night four hours whereas she had not slept till then from the beginning of her Distemper the next day her Pain returned nevertheless the Philonium seemed to have endeavoured some Concoction for that she began to belch which gave her some ease wherefore about Evening I gave her two Scruples of Philonium The first of Iuly she belched more freely therefore that Evening I gave her Philonium again The next day her Pains abated and her Vomiting ceased and at Noon she supp'd a little Broth which was the first Nourishment she had taken since her Sickness Iuly the third she took Pill Ruffiae to loosen her Belly The fourth of Iuly her Pains encreasing I prescribed her an Amigdalate but she brought it up again Therefore the sixth of Iuly I gave her two Scruples and a half of Philonium which caused her to rest indifferently The next day her Pains abated so that at night the same Dose of Philonium was again given her as also the next Evening The ninth of Iuly in the Morning she took Pill Russiae and in the Evening Philonium again and so for three Evenings more one after another by which means her Pains and Vomiting ceased her Appetite returned and she recovered her Health The twenty third of November she was again taken with the same Pains and Vomiting thereupon after I had purged her Body with Pills I gave her Philonium again which gave her ease and so continuing the use of Philonium for twelve Evenings together and loosning her Body every day with Pills at length I mastered the Obstinate Disease so that for six years together I knew her safe and sound from that and all other Distempers OBSERVATION XCV A Bastard Intermitting Tertian Ague HErman N. in the Vigor of his Age in the beginning of March was taken with a Bastard intermitting Tertian Ague which began with a great Coldness and ended in a violent Heat it came every other day but at uncertain hours sometimes sooner sometimes later During the Fit his Head ach'd violently and he was very faint his Stomach was gone and his Strength much wasted After he had taken many things in vain from other Physicians coming to me I gave him half a Dram of lucid Aloes reduced into Pills which gave him five Stools afterwards I
an â„¥ j. s. Mix them well together XI For diversion of the Morbific Matter apply Pidgeons dissected alive to his Feet or else this following Medicine â„ž Leaves of red Cabbage white Beets an â—… j. s. beat them in a Mortâ—…r and make them into a Past with sowre Levea â„¥ iiij Salt Ê’ij Vinegar of Roses q. s. XII About Night give gr iiij of Laudanum in a Pill or if he refuse a Pill dissolve three Grains of that Laudanum in one ounce of Decoction of Barley adding an ounce of Syrup of Poppy Rheas to provoke Sleep XIII While these things are done for his usual Drink give him small Ale or Whey of sowr Milk or Fountain Water having some Pieces of Citron steeped in it adding a little Sugar and rose-Rose-Water or else this Julep â„ž Lettice Leaves M. iiij Endive M. ij Red Currants M. j. Barley-water q. s. Boil them to a Pint to the Straining when cold add Syrup of Violets and Limons an â„¥ j. of Poppy â„¥ s. Iuice of Citron q. s. to make it pleasing XIV Let him also take of this Conditement often in a day â„ž Powder of Diamargarite cold ℈ iiij Pulp of Tamarinds Conserve of Violets pale Roses Robb of red Currants an Ê’ iij. Syrup of Violets q. s About Evening when he does not take his Laudanum Opiate let him drink one or two Draughts of this Emulsion â„ž Four greater Cold seeds an Ê’ ij Seed of white Poppy â„¥ s. Decoction of Barley q. s. Make an Emulsion of about â„¥ vij To which add Syrup of Violets and Poppy Râ—…eas an Ê’ v. XV. When the Distemper begins to asswage the sooner to dissolve the peccant Matter cut alive Hen in the middle and lay it to his Head or else the Lungs of a Calf or Sheep newly killed XVI Let his Air be between cold and moist and his Chamber somewhat dark His Diet sparing and cooling prepared with Lettice Endive Borrage Sorrel and the like his Drink as before Let him not be tâ—…oubled with much company nor Talk Only let those for whom he had a Kindness in his Health endeavor now and then to pacifie his Rage with good Words Lastly keep his Belly soluble HISTORY III. Of Melancholly A Learned Man forty years of age of a melancholly Constitution in the Summer time walking out of the City with a Son of his came to the River side pulling off his Cloaths leaâ—…t into the Water to please himself with Swimming to which he perswaded his Son likewise to make him skilful of the same Art but his Son leaping into the Water sunk to the bottom and was drowned before his Father could come to his Assistance Upon which the Father fell into such a deep Sadness continuing thinking of his Misfortune and believing himself the Author of his Childs Death that he did nothing but weep Day and Night without sleeping and within a few Days was brought to that pass that he believed himself guilty of Murther and for that reason eternally damned He also thought the Devil who had tempted him to do the Fact alway stood at his side and shewed his horrid Shape to those that stood by pointing at him with his Finger wondring they did not see him as well as He. As to other things he was well enough only this false Imagination stuck so deeply in his Mind that no Perswasions or Consolations of his Friends could root it out I. VVhen the seat of the Principal faculties in the Brain was endamag'd and the Imagination deprav'd it was a sign the Patients Brain was out of order as appeared by his sadness and fear II. This Malady is Melancholly and a deprav'd Distemper of the Brain hurting the Imagination and deluding it with false Apparitions and causing fear and sadness without any reason which are two unquestionable Signs of Melancholly according to Hippocrates Therefore we may well define Melancholly to be a Delirium without a Fever arising from a Melancholly Fancy III. The first and external Cause of this Mans Malady was his grievous Misfortune having his Son drown'd which seiz'd him the more violently as being naturally Melancholly Which when he could not forget but spent whole Days and Nights continually thinking upon it without any Sleep the Animal Spirits prone to Melancholly were disorderly agitated in the Brain and so contracted a Specific and Ocult distemper which they communicated not to the Brain but to the Heart and whole Body Hence horrible thoughts sadness and fear VI. When he thought of his Son whom he believed to be drown'd by his fault he perswaded himself he was guilty of Murder which because he knew it was a Sin hareful to God therefore he thought himself Damn'd and the Devil to be always at his Elbow the continual thinking upon which had shaped the Idea of a Devil so firmly in his mind that he could not be otherwise perswaded but that the Devil was always before his Eyes nor could any Body dispossess him of that Imagination In other things he was well because his perception and judgment of things was no way hindred by that false Imagination as being wholly taken up with that Imagination and nothing so much not with such an emotion of Mind intent upon other things V. Because this occult Distemper of the Brain and Animal Spirits was bred in the Brain plain it is that this was a primary or self-suffering Melancholly VI. This Melancholly Delirium tho' very troublesom yet is it not Mortal and gives great hopes of Cure because only the Imagination is depraved the Ratiocination and Memory little endamaged then again he was sound in Body and lastly because he was a Learned Man and so much the sooner to be governed by Reason besides that it was in the Summer when this happened which was a Season more proper for Cure VII In the Cure the Evil Melancholly Matter and the ill Temper of the Brain is to be amended that the purer Spirits may be freed from that Specific Melancholly Contamination and generated anew The same evil Matter is also to be evacuated and his Head to be corroborated and all means try'd to take off the Patients thoughts from false and horrible Imaginations VIII First therefore Purge him with this Bolus â„ž Conâ—…ection Hamech Elect. Diaphoenicon an Ê’ j. s. Diagridion gr vij Mix them Or if he will not take that give him this Glister â„ž Emollient Decoction to which an Ounce of the Leaves of Senna has been added â„¥ ix Elect. Diaphoenicon â„¥ ij Oyl of Camomil â„¥ j. s. Salt Ê’ j. IX Because such a Patient has not much Blood therefore to preserve his strength there is no Blood letting to be used unless there be a Palpitation of the Heart or any such Symptom which requires it X. After the Belly is well cleansed to prepare the Melancholly humor and strengthen the Head let him drink three or four times a day a draught of this Apozem â„ž Root of Polypody of the Oak â„¥ j. Calamus Aromatic Fennel rind of Caper-rooâ—…s
Tamarisch an ℥ s. Herbs Baum Borage March Violets Tops of Hops Betony Germander Majoram an M. j. Flowers of Stoechas M. s. Cordial Flowers an one little handful Citron and Orange Peel an ʒ iij. Seeds of Fennel and Caraways an ʒ j. s. Currants ℥ ij Water and Wine equal Parts Make an Apozem for a Pint and a half to which mix Syrup of Stoechas and Borage an ℥ j. s. XI After this preparation Purge with this Potion ℞ Leaves of Senna ℥ s. White Agaric ʒ j. Anise-seed ʒ j. Ginger ℈ j. Decoction of Barly q. s. Infuse them all Night Then add to straining Confect Hamech ʒ iij. XII This done let him take this Apozem again and continue it for some time loosing his Belly every three or four days either with the foresaid draught or Confect Hamech or Cochiae Pills or Mesues and compounded Syrup of Apples highly commended by Rondeletius in this Case XIII After every Dose of his Apozem as also after Dinner and Supper let him eat the quantity of a Nutmeg of this Conditement ℞ Specier Diambr sweet Diammosch Dianthos an ℈ ij Candid Citron and Orang Peels an ʒ iij. Conserve of Flowers of Borage Baum and Rosemary an ℥ s. Confect Alkermes ℈ j. s. Syrup of Citron Rind q. s. Mix them for a Conditement XIV In the midst of these Cures peculiar Evacuations of the Head will not be amiss either by Masticatories or Sternutories made of Mar joram Gith-seed Roots of white Hellebore and Pellitory or the like XV. Great care is to be taken to provoke the Patient to sleep Therefore for his Supper give him sometimes a Hordeate or Amygdalate made with a Decoction of Barly and Lettice with which if he be hard to sleep mix one Ounce of Syrup of Poppys or more Or if these avail not of the Mass of Pills of Storax fifteen grains or of Laudanum Opiat three grains but this not often When he is not so much troubled with Waking it will suffice to anoint his Temple with Oyntment of Populeon mixt with some few grains of Opium Though Narcotics are to be used as little as may be for fear of accustoming the Patient too much to the use of them XVI His Diet must be such as breeds good Blood and corrects all the qualities of Melancholly Humors easie of Digestion moderately hot and moist prepared with Barly cleansed Borage Baum Bugloss Marjoram Raisins Betony c. avoiding Leeks Onions Garlic Cabbige Fish long pickled or dry'd in the Smoak and whatever beeds ill Juice and Melancholly nourishment let the Patient be moderate in his Diet neither too full nor too empty Let his Drink be small with a little Baum Rosemary or other such Herb mixt with it Let his Exercises be moderate His sleeping time much longer Let his Body be kept soluble And which is of great moment in this Cure let his Mind be taken off from all manner of sadness and thougthfulness and all occasions of fear and grief be avoided while his friends on the other side labour with grateful Arguments to perswade him of the vanity and falsehood of his idle Dreams and Imaginations HISTORY IV. Of Hypochondriac Melancholy A Noble German of forty Years of Age of a Melancholy Constitution having suffered deeply in the calamities of the late German War as Captivity Exile Famine and other Miseries which had reduced him to an ill sort of Diet the long use of which had begot wind roarings and distensions about his Midriff and a troublesom Ponderosity especially about his left Hypochondrium with difficulty of respiration and a palpitation of the Heart though not continual with loss of Appetite which made him sad fearful and thoughtful till at length understanding the death of his Wife he became so consternated that no perswasive and kind Language could asswage his sadness so that through continual watching restlessness horrible thoughts and want of sleep he began to rave at first by intervals but afterwards without ceasing he thought every Body came to kill him and therefore sought retirement and avoided Society No body but Servants entered his Chamber and of them he was afraid too if any other Persons came to visit him he besought them not to Murder him unprovided but to give him time to prepare himself for Death he only seemed to trust his Physitian from whom he often desired Antidotes against Poyson which he assured himself were often mixed with his Meat and took any Medicaments that were brought him IN this Person thus Distempered various Parts were grievously afflicted especially the Brain as appeared by the Delirium and the Bowels of the middle and lower Belly which the Palpitation of his Heart difficulty of breathing distention and ponderosity of his Hypochondriums and loss of Appetite plainly demonstrated II. The Symptom that chiefly insested is called Melancholly which is a Delirium without Rage or Fever arising from a Melancholly Phantasm III. The remote Causes of this Malady are Fear Terrors and Grief occasioned by Misfortunes which had long troubled and disordered the Spirits in their Motion to which an ill Diet mainly contributed For thereby Crudities were bred in the Bowels of the lower Belly thence Obstructions in the Spleen and neighbouring Parts The faculty of the Spleen was weaken'd so that not able to do its Office in Chymification and breeding Matter unfit for convenient Fermentation of the Humors it left many feculent acid sour thick and crude Humors which not able to pass the small Vessels got together in a large quantity in the left Hypochondrium about the Spleen which occasioned that troublesom Ponderosity accompanied with wind and roarings for that while Nature endeavours the Concoction of that acid Matter which she cannot well accomplish those acid Humors receive some Fermentation which begets that great quantity of Wind which not finding an easie Exit occasions those rumblings and distensions of the Parts This thicker acid and sharp Matter being carried to the Heart causes Palpitation while the Heart endeavours to expel that sharp pricking Matter from it And in regard that Melancholly Juice is not equally troublesom to all the Parts of the Heart thence it happens that the Palpitation does not always continue but comes by intervals The same Juice being expelled from the right Ventricle of the Heart to the Lungs when it comes to fill the small branches of the Arterious Veins and Veiny Artery as not being able to pass them without great difficulty fills the Breast with many Vapors and causes difficulty of Respiration But being carried through the Arteries with the Vital blood to the Brain it disorders the Motion of the Animal Spirits renders them more impure and alters them by a Specific and bad mistemper Thence those Melancholly Imaginations by which the Operations of the Mind and Ratiocination are disturbed which occasions a Delirium accompanyed with fear and sadness IV. But because that Melancholly humor is not generated at first in the Head but ascends from the Hypochondriums especially the left to
kill'd Hildan tells a remarkable Story of a Gentleman who was Thunder-struck himself at what time his own Horse and his Man with another Horse were both killed out right The Gentleman's Cloaths were torn to Peices and his Sword melted the Scabbord receiving no harm only that the Iron Chape was melted at the same time Therefore says Cardan upon this Motion not only causes a greater Penetration but kindles the Heat it self and renders the Fire hotter Therefore it is no wonder there should be such a force in Lightning and that a Fire so different from the Nature of other Fires should work Miracles for by reason of the Swiftness of its Motion it not only penetrates more but the Fire is also hotter than any other Fire For what other Fire is there that kills by touching This is peculiar to this Fire that is the hotest of most hot or as I may say the Fire of Fires And therefore sometimes it melts the Money in the Purse and leaves the Purse untouched c. OBSERVATION XCVII A Cough NIcolaus Kerckwegg in the Vigor of his Age was troubled with a lamentable Cough for three or four years he was nothing but Skin and Bone and seemed to be perfectly Ptisical When after he had tried several others in vain he came to me I examined the Condition both of the Person and the Disease I looked upon his Spittle which was slimy and tough without any Matter or Blood therefore I could not judge him to be in a real Consumption but that the Cough proceeded from a Cathar falling upon his Lungs which in a long time of continuance had weakned not only his Lungs but his whole Body For Cure I prescribed him a proper Diet and some few Remedies for that his Antipathy against Physic and his Weakness would not permit me to give many Therefore having gently purged his Body I ordered him to take a Draught of the following Decoction three or four times a day ℞ White Horehound M. iij. Shred it small and steep it all night in common Water lbj▪ s. to which the next day add the Head of one white Poppy shred into bits Leaves of Hyssop M. j. Oxymel lbj. s. Boil them in an earthen Pipkin close stopped to the Consumption of the third Part and keep the Straining for your Use. This Decoction he continued for three or four months till at length the Cough abated every day more and more and at length ceased the Man also having recovered his Strength and growing fat and lusty so continued without any further Molestation OBSERVATION XCVIII An Uterine Suffocation THE Wife of a Brick-layer at Nimeghen about twenty eight years of Age in Iuly was troubled with a Suffocation of her Womb with a great pain in her Left-side and difficulty of Breath Being sent for about Evening I gave her the following Draught which when she had taken the Malady ceased in part and so she slept quietly that Night ℞ English Saffron Castoreum an gr v. Trochischs of Myrrh ℈ s. Prepared Amber ℈ j. Treacle ℈ ij Treacle-water ℥ j. Mugwort ℥ s. Oyl of Amber gut ix Mix them for a Draught The next day her Fit returned with the same vehemency and because she had not been at Stool in three or four days I gave her this Purge ℞ Leaves of Senna ℥ s. Lovage-seed ʒj s. Mugwort-water q. s. Make an Infusion then add to the Straining Elect. Diaphenicon Hiera Picra an ʒj s. For a Potion This gave her five Stools the Suffocation remaining nay growing more violent than before wherefore I prescribed her the following Decoction of which she drank warm an ounce or an ounce and a half every hour which after she had continued the whole day her Evacuations came down and the Suffocation vanished ℞ Roots of Masterwort Valerian an ℥ s. Dittany Briony an ʒiij Savine M. j. Seed of Lovage ʒvj Of wild Carrots ʒij White-wine q. s. Boil them for an Apozem to lbj. s. OBSERVATION XCIX Deafness THE Wife of Henry Iordens in the Month of August complained that for half a year she had been troubled with a very great Deafness so that she could hear nothing but very loud Noises She was about forty years of age and during this Deafness had been all along very hard bound in her Body so that she seldom went to Stool in four or five days for which reason I judged that many Vapors ascended up to her Brain which furring the auditory Nerve and Tympanum caused this Deafness Thereupon after I had well purged her Body with Pills I ordered her every Evening when she went to Bed to swallow two Pills of Lucid Aloes about the bigness of a Pea by taking of which her Body was naturally loosned and so that great Deafness within a Fortnight was quite taken away to the Admiration of many ANNOTATIONS THE Head like a Lembick receives the Vapors of all the Parts that lye underneath Which if they are carried thither in greater abundance than can be digested and discussed by the Brain causes various Diseases of the Head Pains Catarrhs Ophthalmies Deafness c. And this abounding Ascent of copious Vapours chiefly happens to those that are bound in their Bodies For this reason if the Deafness have not been of a very long standing then the Malady is easily cured by loosning the Body by which means the morbific Matter is derived to the Intestines Which Celsus intimates where he says Nothing more prevails against Deafness than a Choleric Belly For which Galen gives this Reason because that Choler being carried to the Auditory Passages and causing Deafness if it be removed from those Parts to the lower Parts the Deafness is cured by Choleric Stools Neither is this only true in Deafness but in Ophthalmies and other Affections of the Head according to that Saying All Stools below remove the Diseases of the Superior Parts Which is to be understood not only of Evacuations of Choler but of all other Evacuations by Stool Hippocrates and Celsus speak particularly of Choleric Humors because they occasion Deafness more than any other Humor in regard that Choler has a familiar passage to the Ears as appears by the Bitterness of the Excrement of the Ears Which Mercurialis believes that Nature carries thither meerly to cleanse the Auditory Organ and keep it clean Wherefore in such Maladies of the Head purging Medicins that mollifie the Belly are of great use partly to hinder the Ascent of such Humors and Vapors partly to draw off such as are already got up into the Head of which we saw the happy Event in our Patient For though there be no conspicuous Passage for the Descent of those Humors from the Brain yet Nature finds out ways unknown to us by which she evacuates the Morbific Matter and rids her self of many Distempers OBSERVATION C. The Itch. A Young Gentlewoman had got the Scab which chiefly infested her Hands with an extraordinary Itching This Malady had continued for half a year and
because it began to spread more and more I was sent for Thereupon after I had purged her Body I ordered her to wash her Hands with equal parts of mercuriated Water and Virgins Milk and to let them dry of themselves By which means the Scabbiness came forth more and more for two or three days but within three or four days afterwards wholly dry'd up and was cured OBSERVATION CI. A Malady in the Stomach ISaac of Aix la Chapelle forty six years of age was troubled with an old Distemper in his Stomach occasioned by difficult and painful Belchings so that after he had eat or drank any thing he was forced to belch fifty and sometimes a hundred times and more and that often both by day and by night neither could he stop them or if they did not break forth he was like one that was ready to burst Besides his Sight was very weak so that he could not see to read or write without Spectacles and that at a very near distance too and thus he had been troubled from the twentieth year of his Age till then He had had the Advice of several Physicians to no purpose upon which I desired him to try only one Experiment which was to smoak one Pipe of Tobacco after Dinner and Supper At first he took but half a Pipe but afterwars he grew such a Proficient that he would take two or three so that after he had continued the use of Tobacco in that manner for about a month his Belching ceased and his Sight was much amended ANNOTATIONS NIcholas Monardes writes that Tobacco is hot and dry in the second degree and therefore attenuates concocts cleanses discusses asswages Pain and has a stupifying Quality is good against the Tooth-ach allays all Pains of the Head being outwardly applied and laid upon the cold Stomach cuts the same c. Which Qualities Dodonaeus acknowledges also in Tobacco But in regard that in their time this Plant was not so much in request the Benefit and Abuse of it was less known to them than to us Practical Disputations OF Isbrand de Diemerbroeck Concerning the DISEASES OF THE HEAD BREAST and LOWER BELLY The Cures of the chief Diseases of the whole Head in Twenty Five Disputations annexed to the Cases of the Patients themselves HISTORY I. Of the Head-ach A Person of forty years of age of a Flegmatic Constitution often liable to Catarrhs in the midst of VVinter in a very cold Season had travelled for forty Days together and by the way had fed upon flatulent viscous Meats of hard Digestion and other such kind of Food to which he had not been accustomed and instead of VVine he had been forced to drink thick muddy Ale Upon his return home he complained of a troublesome Pain in his Head more heavy and obtuse than acute which if you laid your hand hard upon the place was so far from being exasperated that it was more gentle for the time This Pain was also accompanied with Noises in his Ears an Inclination to Sleep which his Pain however would not permit him to take and a want of Appetite a Lassitude of the whole Body and Paleness in the Face I. IN this Patient we find the Head to be first affected by the Pain thereof and the Noise in his Ears Whence by consent the whole Body suffers as appears by his Lassitude and other Simptoms II. The Malady of which he chiefly complains is a Pain in the Head which is a trouble to the Sense of Feeling in the membranous Parts caused by the Solution of the Continuum III. This Pain is internal in the Parts contained within the Skull as is from hence apparent for that it is not exasperated but somewhat mitigated by laying the Hand hard upon the Part. IV. The remote Cause of this Malady is disorderly Diet by which means by the use of Meats of ill Juice and hard Concoction several crude and flegmatic Humors are generated in the whole Body but especially in the Head which produce the Antecedent Cause which being encreased by the external Cold wherein he had traveled for four days together and fixed in the membranous Parts of the Brain occasioned the containing Cause V. These flegmatic Humors being by the external Cold condensed in the Head and not being evacuated through the Pores obstructed by the Cold or other Passages appointed for the Evacuation of the Excrement were gathered together in great abundance in the Passages of the Brain and by reason of their quantity distending the membranous Parts of the Brain and dissolving the Continuum caused the Pain VI. The Cure is to be hastned for if that flegmatic Humor stay long in the Head 't is to be feared that the Malady may turn to a heavy Drowsiness or an Apoplexie or if it dissolve too soon and make too improper a way least it cause some dangerous Catarrh which falling upon the Lungs or lower Parts may endanger a violent Cough or Suffocation or some other desperate Distemper in some other part VII Four Indications are here to be considered in order to the Cure 1. That the abounding Flegm be evacuated from the Head and whole Body 2. That it be specially evacuated out of the Head it self 3. That the Pain be allay'd 4. That the Head be strengthened and the Concoctions of the Bowels be promoted and so a new Generation of abounding Flegm as well in the Head as whole Body be prevented and that the Flegm already generated and abounding may be consumed VIII For the Evacuation of Flegm abounding in the whole Body let him take this purging Draught ℞ Trochischs of Agaric ʒj Leaves of Senna cleansed ℥ s. Anise-seed ʒj s. White Ginger ℈ j. Decoction of Barley q. s. make an Infusion Then add to the Straining Elect. Diaphaenicon ʒij Diagredion gr iiij Mix them for a Draught If the Patient cannot take this give him of Pill Cochiae ℈ ij or iij. or else ʒj of Powder of Diacarthamum or Diaturbith with Rhubarb This Purgation must be repeated to prepare the Humors three or four times every three or four days one after another IX For Evacuation of the Flegm particularly accumulated in the Head Sternutories and Errhines are of great use The one because they draw down viscous and tough Humors through the Nostrils and Palate The other because the Brain being by them provoked and violently contracting it self as violently expels tough Humors sticking to the Ethmoides Bone and by removing the Obstruction makes way for the Excrements detained therein X. Of this Sneezing-powder let him twice or thrice a day snuff up a little into his Nose ℞ Marjoram Leaves ℈ j. Root of white Hellebore ℈ j. s. Pellitory of Spain ℈ s. Black Pepper Benjamin an gr v. If Sneezing prevail not let him snuff up a little of the following Errhin into his Nostrils ℞ Iuice of Marjoram ℥ s. Iuice of the Root of white Beets ℥ j. Mix them for an Errhin XI In the mean time to allay