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pond_n be_v near_o any_o river_n and_o that_o there_o run_v any_o water_n from_o it_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n you_o shall_v find_v that_o they_o will_v come_v into_o the_o same_o against_o the_o stream_n where_o you_o will_v think_v it_o unpossible_a and_o so_o will_v pickerel_n and_o perch_n and_o i_o have_v hear_v some_o affirm_v very_o constant_o that_o waterfowl_n do_v often_o time_n bring_v the_o spawn_n of_o such_o fish_n in_o their_o feather_n into_o pond_n fish_n other_o will_v affirm_v that_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n may_v draw_v up_o such_o spawn_n of_o fish_n before_o it_o be_v quick_a and_o so_o the_o same_o take_a life_n in_o the_o moist_a air_n may_v afterward_o fall_v down_o in_o a_o shower_n of_o rain_n into_o a_o pond_n the_o reason_n that_o have_v move_v many_o man_n so_o to_o think_v be_v because_o they_o have_v find_v such_o kind_n of_o fish_n in_o their_o pond_n where_o they_o be_v sure_a that_o they_o nor_o any_o other_o have_v ever_o put_v any_o such_o 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the_o commodity_n of_o the_o fruit_n do_v also_o become_v very_o good_a timber_n the_o chestnut_n timber_n will_v outlast_v the_o heart_n of_o oak_n to_o lie_v either_o always_o wet_a or_o always_o dry_a or_o sometime_o wet_a and_o sometime_o dry_a the_o perry_n will_v not_o last_v well_o above_o one_o year_n but_o the_o cider_n will_v last_v good_a two_o or_o three_o year_n finis_fw-la where_o to_o lay_v your_o sluice_n when_o to_o store_v your_o pond_n not_o good_a to_o handle_v fish_n in_o hot_a weather_n raven_a fish_n fish_v not_o of_o the_o raven_a kind_n a_o breame_n long_o in_o grow_v and_o a_o great_a increaser_n the_o first_o year_n your_o fish_n will_v spawn_n exceed_o the_o nature_n of_o fish_n no_o water_n to_o run_v through_o a_o pond_n in_o the_o summer_n time_n how_o to_o order_v your_o fish_n at_o sew_v time_n to_o preserve_v over_o many_o fry_n be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o the_o owner_n to_o feed_v pike_n with_o your_o superfluous_a fry_n the_o proportion_n of_o fish_n 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certain_a experiment_n concern_v fish_n and_o frvite_v practise_v by_o john_n taverner_n gentleman_n and_o by_o he_o publish_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o other_o anchora_fw-la spei_fw-la london_n print_v for_o william_n ponsonby_n 1600._o to_o the_o right_n honourable_a sir_n edmond_n anderson_n knight_n lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n right_o honourable_a my_o good_a lord_n it_o be_v my_o bap_n late_o to_o light_v upon_o a_o book_n dedicate_v unto_o your_o lordship_n by_o one_o m._n george_n churchey_n entitle_v a_o new_a book_n of_o good_a husbandry_n and_o entreat_v of_o fishpond_n and_o order_v of_o the_o same_o which_o book_n as_o it_o shall_v seem_v be_v first_o write_v in_o latin_a by_o one_o james_n dubravius_n but_o translate_v into_o english_a by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o say_a master_n churchey_n wherein_o his_o good_a meaning_n and_o travel_n be_v great_o to_o be_v commend_v i_o thereby_o gather_v that_o your_o lordship_n take_v some_o delight_n in_o 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requisite_a to_o speak_v of_o pond_n i_o mean_v such_o as_o be_v necessary_a profitable_a and_o convenient_a to_o be_v use_v with_o we_o here_o in_o england_n not_o such_o in_o which_o the_o prodigal_a roman_n use_v to_o spend_v their_o superfluous_a wealth_n and_o treasure_n rather_o for_o vain_a ostentation_n then_o for_o any_o honest_a recreation_n of_o mind_n or_o profit_n unto_o themselves_o or_o the_o common_a wealth_n whereunto_o i_o will_v wish_v our_o country_n people_n in_o all_o their_o action_n to_o have_v chief_a regard_n it_o shall_v seem_v that_o many_o of_o the_o roman_n employ_v incredible_a wealth_n in_o make_v of_o pond_n in_o which_o with_o sea_n water_n they_o keep_v diverse_a kind_n of_o sea_n fish_n for_o delicacy_n and_o wantonness_n rather_o than_o profit_v for_o that_o such_o kind_n of_o pond_n be_v only_o make_v near_o unto_o the_o sea_n side_n whereas_o the_o like_a fish_n may_v more_o convenient_o be_v take_v in_o the_o sea_n itself_o i_o will_v rather_o 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descend_v by_o little_a &_o little_a have_v also_o some_o little_a rill_n or_o brook_n run_v through_o it_o be_v fit_a for_o this_o purpose_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o such_o place_n a_o man_n shall_v with_o least_o charge_n in_o make_v the_o head_n overflow_v great_a quantity_n of_o ground_n the_o say_v pond_n be_v to_o be_v make_v as_o follow_v the_o make_n of_o a_o pond_n for_o fish_n have_v a_o place_n convenient_a viz._n a_o valley_n between_o two_o hill_n and_o some_o small_a brook_n or_o rill_n run_v through_o the_o same_o you_o be_v to_o dig_v a_o channel_n or_o pond_n as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o one_o hill_n to_o the_o other_o overthwart_o the_o valley_n and_o with_o the_o earth_n that_o you_o take_v out_o of_o the_o same_o to_o make_v your_o head_n always_o make_v your_o head_n down_o the_o stream_n
tooth_n like_v to_o the_o eye_n tooth_n in_o a_o man_n &_o apt_a to_o grind_v &_o chew_v withal_o with_o which_o two_o nether_a jaw_n they_o grind_v their_o meat_n against_o a_o certain_a flat_a bone_n in_o the_o roof_n of_o their_o mouth_n or_o upper_a part_n of_o their_o throat_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o stone_n in_o the_o carp_n head_n and_o be_v in_o steed_n of_o his_o upper_a jaw_n and_o tooth_n and_o of_o many_o thought_n to_o be_v a_o remedy_n for_o excessive_a bleed_a at_o the_o nose_n for_o man_n the_o like_a be_v in_o the_o head_n of_o the_o tench_n and_o roch_n although_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o smallness_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o be_v find_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n also_o be_v the_o barbill_n cheven_n dace_n bleak_a and_o river_n roch_n although_o i_o have_v not_o see_v they_o usual_o in_o any_o pond_n howbeit_o they_o will_v live_v and_o wax_v in_o a_o pond_n especial_o the_o river_n roch_n but_o not_o spawn_n unless_o it_o have_v great_a store_n of_o 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any_o ground_n every_o year_n especial_o if_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n when_o it_o lie_v dry_a cattle_n and_o especial_o sheep_n may_v feed_v and_o lie_v therein_o as_o hereafter_o shall_v appear_v by_o good_a reason_n howbeit_o in_o a_o indifferent_a soil_n i_o suppose_v you_o may_v well_o keep_v four_o hundred_o carpe_n pond_n breame_n or_o tench_n for_o every_o acre_n suppose_v your_o fish_n to_o be_v eight_o or_o ten_o inch_n in_o length_n and_o the_o great_a your_o pond_n be_v the_o great_a number_n in_o proportion_n it_o will_v keep_v as_o for_o example_n a_o pond_n of_o four_o acre_n will_v much_o better_o keep_v 1600._o fish_n than_o a_o pond_n of_o two_o acre_n will_v keep_v eight_o hundred_o of_o like_a fish_n for_o every_o hundred_o of_o such_o fish_n as_o aforesaid_a you_o may_v keep_v half_o a_o hundred_o perch_n in_o the_o same_o pond_n after_o you_o be_v once_o sufficient_o store_v of_o fry_n and_o not_o before_o for_o that_o a_o perch_n be_v a_o very_a great_a 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have_v summer_n corn_n therein_o as_o buck_n or_o barley_n that_o summer_n that_o it_o lie_v dry_a i_o think_v it_o very_o good_a i_o have_v hear_v the_o common_a people_n in_o the_o fen_n country_n affirm_v and_o that_o very_o earnest_o that_o their_o fish_n do_v feed_v of_o ash_n by_o reason_n that_o in_o a_o dry_a summer_n when_o much_o of_o their_o fen_n ground_n lie_v dry_a and_o be_v pasture_v with_o cattle_n then_o towards_o the_o winter_n time_n such_o rank_n grass_n sedge_n reed_n or_o weed_n as_o the_o cattle_n do_v leave_v uneaten_a they_o will_v burn_v they_o with_o fire_n to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o next_o summer_n such_o old_a sedge_n reed_n or_o weed_n may_v not_o annoy_v the_o come_n up_o of_o young_a and_o better_a sedge_n reed_n or_o grass_n and_o the_o common_a people_n find_v by_o experience_n that_o after_o such_o a_o dry_a summer_n as_o aforesaid_a all_o the_o next_o winter_n the_o water_n overflow_a those_o ground_n their_o fish_n will_v be_v exceed_o fat_a and_o good_a and_o therefore_o say_v they_o sure_o the_o fish_n do_v feed_v upon_o the_o ash_n of_o the_o weed_n and_o such_o like_v burn_v as_o aforesaid_a but_o the_o truth_n be_v in_o such_o a_o dry_a summer_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o cattle_n then_o feed_v in_o such_o ground_n as_o then_o lie_v dry_a do_v bestow_v therein_o great_a quantity_n of_o dung_n and_o stale_a wherein_o be_v breed_v great_a abundance_n of_o such_o bode_v fly_n and_o worm_n as_o aforesaid_a as_o also_o the_o natural_a and_o livelie_a heat_n of_o the_o sun_n pierce_v such_o ground_n do_v make_v the_o same_o pleasant_a and_o fat_a and_o to_o bring_v forth_o the_o next_o summer_n many_o herb_n and_o weed_n the_o seed_n of_o which_o do_v yield_v unto_o fish_n very_o great_a food_n and_o nourishment_n and_o not_o the_o barren_a dry_a ash_n as_o afore_o be_v imagine_v he_o that_o can_v have_v such_o pond_n as_o aforesaid_a pond_n and_o have_v but_o some_o small_a mote_n or_o other_o horse-pond_n in_o his_o ground_n 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from_o the_o channel_n so_o that_o the_o channel_n shall_v be_v the_o deep_a place_n of_o your_o pond_n and_o in_o no_o wise_a to_o dig_v any_o earth_n or_o to_o make_v any_o channel_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o your_o head_n for_o that_o will_v much_o weaken_v your_o head_n you_o must_v also_o begin_v the_o foundation_n of_o your_o head_n not_o hard_o by_o the_o brim_n of_o your_o channel_n but_o some_o eight_o or_o ten_o foot_n from_o the_o same_o lest_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o the_o head_n cause_n your_o head_n to_o slide_v into_o the_o channel_n and_o raise_v your_o head_n not_o upright_o but_o slopewise_o for_o call_a or_o slip_v down_o and_o look_v how_o high_a you_o mean_v to_o make_v your_o head_n and_o so_o much_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o be_v in_o breadth_n in_o the_o top_n thereof_o &_o three_o time_n that_o breadth_n in_o the_o bottom_n as_o for_o example_n if_o you_o mean_v to_o make_v your_o head_n ten_o foot_n high_a it_o have_v need_v to_o be_v ten_o 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