i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o person_n who_o make_v his_o observation_n beyond_o the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n in_o the_o southern_a sea_n that_o have_v let_v down_o his_o plummet_n about_o a_o hundred_o fathom_n he_o find_v that_o the_o plummet_n be_v suspend_v in_o the_o stand_a water_n make_v the_o boat_n turn_v to_o the_o tide_n as_o if_o it_o lay_v at_o anchor_n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o stagnation_n of_o water_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v likewise_o confirm_v to_o i_o by_o observation_n make_v near_o the_o coral_n fishery_n in_o the_o east-indies_n chap._n vi_o further_a relation_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o air_n be_v not_o only_o necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o animal_n but_o also_o promote_v vegetation_n and_o the_o growth_n of_o plant_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o observe_v but_o since_o several_a tree_n and_o plant_n be_v observe_v to_o grow_v under_o water_n i_o shall_v further_o observe_v what_o 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spring_n but_o that_o it_o be_v rather_o the_o fresh_a water_n which_o run_v into_o the_o sea_n from_o a_o river_n not_o far_o off_o before_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o salt_n water_n which_o conjecture_n i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o near_a mouth_n of_o river_n it_o have_v elsewhere_o be_v observe_v that_o fresh_a water_n have_v for_o some_o time_n float_v together_o without_o be_v perfect_o mix_v with_o the_o other_o stream_n and_o as_o for_o scaliger_n opinion_n it_o may_v be_v urge_v against_o it_o that_o by_o a_o vessel_n so_o artificial_o contrive_v that_o it_o may_v be_v open_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n to_o take_v in_o water_n the_o water_n draw_v up_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v salt_n but_o since_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v against_o this_o that_o the_o salt_n water_n be_v heavy_a than_o the_o fresh_a as_o it_o be_v draw_v up_o may_v be_v mix_v with_o it_o by_o press_v into_o the_o vessel_n i_o shall_v add_v instance_n not_o liable_a to_o such_o 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quality_n and_o stupendous_a multitude_n of_o adventitious_a corpuscle_n which_o be_v mix_v with_o it_o stink_a agitation_n requisite_a to_o preserve_v sea_n water_n from_o stink_a but_o to_o proceed_v among_o the_o various_a observation_n to_o be_v make_v about_o sea-water_n it_o be_v worth_a our_o notice_n that_o if_o it_o be_v keep_v from_o agitation_n it_o will_v in_o a_o short_a time_n stink_n which_o i_o have_v not_o only_o observe_v by_o keep_v some_o of_o it_o in_o a_o runlet_n for_o some_o time_n but_o also_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o one_o who_o in_o a_o voyage_n be_v for_o some_o day_n becalm_v that_o the_o sea_n for_o want_v of_o agitation_n stink_v so_o much_o in_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o day_n that_o the_o smell_n be_v almost_o intolerable_a which_o continue_v till_o the_o wind_n put_v the_o water_n into_o agitation_n which_o agree_v with_o what_o sir_n john_n hawkins_n have_v observe_v who_o relate_v the_o follow_a story_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o move_a of_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o force_n of_o wind_n tide_n and_o current_n it_o will_v corrupt_v all_o the_o world_n the_o experience_n of_o which_o i_o see_v anno_fw-la 1590._o lie_v with_o a_o fleet_n about_o the_o island_n of_o azore_n almost_o six_o month_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o time_n we_o be_v becalm_v with_o which_o all_o the_o sea_n become_v so_o replenish_v with_o several_a sort_n of_o jelly_n and_o form_n of_o serpent_n adder_n and_o snake_n as_o seem_v wonderful_a some_o green_a some_o black_a some_o yellow_a some_o white_a some_o of_o divers_a colour_n and_o many_o of_o they_o have_v life_n and_o some_o there_o be_v a_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a and_o some_o two_o yard_n long_o which_o have_v i_o not_o see_v i_o can_v hardly_o have_v believe_v and_o hereof_o be_v witness_n all_o the_o company_n of_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v then_o present_a so_o that_o hardly_o a_o man_n can_v draw_v a_o bucket_n of_o water_n clear_a of_o some_o corruption_n in_o which_o voyage_n towards_o the_o 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attribute_v to_o nothing_o but_o some_o grosser_n saline_n part_v mix_v with_o the_o common_a water_n or_o some_o evaporate_v part_n of_o the_o sea-water_n another_o way_n we_o make_v use_v of_o to_o try_v the_o different_a specific_a gravity_n of_o these_o liquor_n be_v by_o distillation_n ad_fw-la siccitatem_fw-la in_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n in_o which_o a_o pound_n averdupoise_n weight_n yield_v ℥_o ss_z 10_o gr_n of_o salt_n so_o that_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o salt_n to_o the_o water_n be_v as_o 30_o and_o 12_o 100_o to_o one_o be_v near_o the_o thirty_o part._n but_o suspect_v that_o the_o quantity_n of_o this_o salt_n be_v much_o increase_v by_o imbibe_v moisture_n from_o the_o air_n i_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v dry_v in_o a_o crucible_n and_o find_v it_o weigh_v ʒiij_fw-la +_o ss_z which_o be_v about_o a_o thirty_o six_o part._n how_o so_o much_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n shall_v be_v obtain_v by_o distillation_n be_v difficult_a to_o conjecture_v yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o it_o may_v proceed_v from_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n detain_v from_o fly_v away_o by_o be_v enclose_v among_o the_o cubical_a salt_n and_o this_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v first_o because_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o prepare_v a_o salt_n which_o will_v coagulate_v and_o embody_n itself_o with_o water_n and_o second_o because_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o a_o sort_n of_o salt_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v here_o purify_v and_o dissolve_v will_v yield_v a_o double_a quantity_n other_o the_o sea-water_n salt_a sometime_o than_o at_o other_o whether_o the_o sea-water_n may_v at_o some_o time_n be_v more_o impregnate_v with_o saline_n part_n than_o at_o other_o i_o conceive_v probable_a if_o we_o consider_v the_o supply_n that_o it_o receive_v both_o from_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v carry_v to_o it_o along_o with_o spring_n and_o also_o the_o sudden_a addition_n it_o may_v receive_v from_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n but_o 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that_o of_o figs._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o jesuit_n fournier_n hydrograph_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 27._o and_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o one_o that_o practice_n physic_n in_o the_o east-indies_n that_o he_o gather_v white_a coral_n divers_a time_n on_o the_o sand_n of_o the_o island_n mehila_n not_o far_o from_o that_o of_o madagascar_n which_o be_v usual_o as_o soft_a as_o a_o onion_n and_o be_v observe_v to_o decay_v if_o it_o be_v not_o gather_v at_o a_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n agreeable_a to_o which_o piso_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 68_o make_v mention_n of_o several_a stony_a tree_n on_o the_o brasilian_n coast_n say_v e_z fundo_fw-la erutae_fw-la mox_fw-la durissimae_fw-la si_fw-la insolentur_fw-la in_o littore_fw-la siccae_fw-la niveique_fw-la coloris_fw-la fiunt_fw-la which_o may_v be_v favour_v by_o the_o follow_a relation_n of_o scaliger_n exit_fw-la bovillis_fw-la oppidanus_fw-la adjutus_fw-la medicamentis_fw-la eminxit_fw-la vitrum_fw-la sane_fw-la ex_fw-la illa_fw-la nobili_fw-la paxagorae_n pituita_fw-la dum_fw-la mingeretur_fw-la albuminis_fw-la mollitie_n emissum_fw-la vitri_fw-la duritie_fw-la ac_fw-la splendore_fw-la senatoris_fw-la filius_fw-la ejecit_fw-la puttis_fw-la modo_fw-la multis_fw-la &_o maximos_fw-la qui_fw-la aeris_fw-la contactu_fw-la postea_fw-la in_o gypseam_fw-la tum_fw-la speciem_fw-la tum_fw-la firmitatem_fw-la concrevere_v hic_fw-la quoque_fw-la nunc_fw-la recte_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o merchant_n and_o likewise_o a_o chemist_n of_o dantzick_n that_o several_a lump_n of_o amber_n have_v be_v take_v up_o soft_a upon_o their_o coast_n which_o present_o grow_v hard_a in_o the_o air_n which_o i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v several_a time_n observe_v both_o spider_n fly_n and_o straw_n enclose_v in_o amber_n body_n observation_n of_o indurated_a body_n and_o here_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o it_o from_o hence_o appear_v that_o 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other_o mechanical_a quality_n contribute_v to_o their_o various_a
the_o water_n exceed_v salt_n but_o have_v bring_v several_a lump_n of_o salt_n from_o the_o bottom_n with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o like_a saltness_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v be_v discover_v near_o the_o strait_n of_o gibralter_n mouth_n and_o further_o that_o i_o may_v not_o only_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v thus_o salt_n at_o the_o bottom_n i_o procure_v two_o quart_n of_o sea_n water_n the_o one_o take_v up_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o another_o at_o the_o top_n in_o which_o though_o there_o be_v some_o difference_n in_o colour_n yet_o be_v hydrostatical_o try_v there_o be_v no_o sensible_a difference_n in_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o they_o but_o to_o make_v out_o what_o i_o have_v before_o intimate_v viz._n that_o the_o freshness_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n near_o goa_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o some_o spring_n under_o water_n though_o it_o may_v be_v object_v that_o the_o specific_a 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syphon_n part_n of_o it_o be_v invert_v so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o short_a leg_n i_o fill_v it_o with_o claret_n stop_v the_o orifice_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n with_o my_o thumb_n which_o syphon_n be_v immerse_v in_o salt_n water_n contain_v in_o a_o glass_n vessel_n and_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o long_a leg_n be_v open_v the_o claret_n notwithstanding_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o salt_n water_n present_o rise_v up_o in_o it_o in_o the_o form_n of_o cloud_n which_o last_v till_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o pipe_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o just_a aequilibrium_fw-la with_o the_o incumbent_a pillar_n of_o salt_n water_n sea_n the_o reason_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o to_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o sea_n water_n i_o deny_v not_o what_o gassendus_fw-la and_o other_o modern_n teach_v but_o grant_v that_o the_o saltness_n proceed_v from_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n in_o the_o water_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v that_o that_o saltness_n be_v not_o only_o supply_v by_o those_o salt_n rock_n which_o may_v be_v contiguous_a to_o or_o near_o the_o water_n but_o that_o the_o sea_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n supply_v by_o salt_n wash_v away_o and_o carry_v into_o it_o by_o spring_n and_o rain-water_n which_o float_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o i_o be_o the_o more_o confirm_v in_o this_o suspicion_n because_o several_a chemist_n have_v not_o only_o find_v salt_n in_o some_o water_n but_o have_v obtain_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o common_a salt_n upon_o refine_n of_o salt-petre_n which_o according_a to_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o most_o soil_n which_o be_v not_o spend_v in_o vegetation_n or_o wash_v and_o consume_v by_o the_o sun_n and_o rain_n but_o not_o to_o insist_v too_o long_o on_o these_o thing_n it_o be_v not_o only_o probable_a that_o the_o salt_n in_o the_o earth_n may_v by_o this_o mean_n contribute_v to_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o that_o from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v such_o 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outward_a action_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o air._n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o sea-water_n may_v be_v probable_a if_o it_o be_v possible_a so_o to_o raise_v the_o fresh_a water_n it_o be_v dissolve_v in_o by_o distillation_n as_o to_o leave_v the_o saline_n part_v behind_o but_o not_o now_o to_o mention_v that_o not_o only_o i_o but_o the_o judicious_a sir_n john_n haukin_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o the_o east-indies_n have_v by_o distil_v of_o salt-water_n obtain_v from_o it_o a_o wholesome_a fresh_a water_n i_o shall_v without_o make_v a_o long_a digression_n proceed_v to_o answer_v a_o objection_n which_o be_v urge_v against_o what_o i_o have_v deliver_v viz._n that_o if_o the_o spring_v acquire_v such_o a_o saltness_n by_o run_v through_o the_o earth_n it_o will_v be_v discernible_a before_o they_o empty_v themselves_o into_o the_o ocean_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v answer_v that_o beside_o those_o fresh_a spring_n which_o be_v visible_a to_o we_o there_o may_v be_v several_a other_o which_o lie_v too_o deep_a for_o we_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o but_o here_o it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o i_o do_v not_o say_v that_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n whole_o depend_v on_o such_o supply_n but_o that_o they_o contribute_v to_o the_o saltness_n of_o it_o whence_o the_o bitterness_n of_o sea_n water_n whence_o have_v say_v so_o much_o of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o its_o cause_n it_o may_v be_v now_o seasonable_a to_o observe_v from_o whence_o proceed_v that_o bitterness_n remarkable_a in_o some_o if_o not_o most_o sea-water_n which_o we_o conceive_v may_v proceed_v partly_o from_o the_o external_a power_n of_o some_o catholic_n agent_n and_o partly_o from_o those_o bituminous_a body_n which_o be_v carry_v along_o with_o spring-water_n into_o the_o sea_n which_o have_v be_v visible_o apparent_a in_o the_o island_n barbadoes_n where_o that_o which_o they_o call_v barbadoes_n tarr_n have_v be_v see_v to_o flow_v from_o the_o rock_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o these_o cause_n may_v concur_v some_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n and_o effluvia_fw-la which_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o take_v notice_n of_o to_o flow_v from_o and_o pervade_v the_o earth_n and_o as_o for_o those_o different_a taste_n which_o be_v perceive_v in_o the_o sea_n at_o several_a place_n it_o be_v no_o less_o probable_a that_o they_o proceed_v from_o other_o adventitious_a body_n mix_v and_o incorporate_v with_o the_o sea-water_n for_o that_o the_o sea-salt_n which_o be_v dissolve_v in_o it_o be_v not_o a_o simple_a salt_n but_o a_o compound_n i_o have_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v by_o a_o salt_n which_o i_o obtain_v from_o it_o and_o that_o some_o catholic_n agent_n may_v work_v change_n in_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o it_o will_v not_o otherwise_o have_v by_o a_o bare_a solution_n of_o those_o adventitious_a body_n that_o be_v mix_v in_o it_o i_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v since_o i_o have_v find_v that_o by_o keep_v the_o part_n of_o sea-water_n in_o agitation_n by_o a_o continue_a digestive_a heat_n it_o have_v considerable_o differ_v in_o taste_n from_o a_o bare_a solution_n of_o sea-salt_n in_o water_n and_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n that_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v vary_v in_o several_a place_n i_o shall_v bare_o intimate_v those_o several_a colour_n different_a
more_o apt_a to_o fly_v away_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o air._n and_o that_o vitriol_n may_v probable_o rise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o vapour_n without_o lose_v its_o quality_n be_v evident_a in_o sublimate_n which_o consist_v of_o mercury_n change_v by_o a_o addition_n of_o salt_n and_o vitriol_n for_o some_o vitriolic_a part_n be_v carry_v up_o in_o the_o preparation_n turn_v opacous_a upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o sulphur_n but_o further_a to_o make_v it_o evident_a that_o the_o particle_n of_o iron_n may_v be_v considerable_o expanded_a i_o drop_v four_o drop_n of_o a_o vitriolic_a liquor_n make_v use_v of_o in_o copperas-work_n into_o twelve_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o water_n and_o find_v that_o it_o so_o much_o impregnate_v 1500_o time_n its_o proportion_n of_o common_a water_n as_o to_o make_v it_o strong_a enough_o to_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n purple_a though_o by_o evaporation_n we_o find_v that_o 3_o part_n of_o 4_o of_o that_o liquor_n be_v water_n 28._o what_o alteration_n the_o earthy_a part_n of_o mineral_n water_n undergo_v by_o ignition_n and_o whether_o they_o may_v be_v vitrify_v per_fw-la se_fw-la as_o also_o what_o colour_n they_o impart_v to_o venice_n glass_n if_o mix_v with_o the_o powder_n before_o fluxion_n 29._o of_o what_o use_n they_o be_v in_o bake_v brew_v tan_v or_o die_v of_o colour_n etc._n etc._n 30._o how_o many_o way_n they_o may_v be_v make_v artificial_o and_o with_o what_o proportion_n of_o ingredient_n chap._n xi_o title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral-water_n consider_v as_o a_o medicine_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a observe_v in_o order_n to_o a_o more_o complete_a natural_a history_n of_o mineral-water_n what_o constitution_n they_o agree_v with_o and_o in_o what_o distemper_n they_o be_v proper_a or_o dangerous_a what_o sensible_a operation_n they_o have_v and_o whether_o their_o effect_n be_v alter_v by_o drink_v they_o hot_a or_o cold_a at_o the_o well_o or_o at_o a_o distance_n from_o it_o whether_o exercise_n or_o the_o warmth_n of_o a_o bed_n promote_v their_o operation_n whether_o they_o have_v any_o occult_a quality_n it_o may_v likewise_o be_v requisite_a to_o observe_v what_o good_a effect_n may_v succeed_v a_o due_a preparation_n of_o the_o body_n that_o drink_v they_o and_o what_o advantage_n it_o may_v be_v to_o drop_v some_o strengthen_v stomachick_n into_o the_o first_o do_v what_o quantity_n be_v enough_o for_o the_o first_o do_v and_o how_o it_o must_v be_v vary_v how_o long_o they_o may_v be_v drink_v and_o whether_o constant_o or_o with_o interval_n whether_o purge_v sometime_o may_v contribute_v to_o their_o good_a effect_n what_o regimen_n in_o the_o six_o non-naturals_a be_v to_o be_v observe_v whilst_o they_o be_v ataking_a which_o be_v the_o sign_n that_o denote_v the_o kindly_a operation_n of_o they_o or_o their_o future_a ill_a effect_n what_o ill_a accident_n attend_v the_o take_n of_o they_o and_o how_o they_o may_v be_v remedy_v or_o prevent_v whether_o it_o be_v proper_a to_o purge_v after_o the_o take_v of_o they_o what_o effect_n they_o will_v have_v by_o mix_v other_o liquor_n with_o they_o or_o by_o boil_a meat_n in_o they_o whether_o a_o salt_n extract_v will_v be_v of_o equal_a effect_n when_o dilute_v in_o fresh_a water_n what_o external_n effect_n they_o will_v have_v and_o of_o what_o use_v their_o sediment_n be_v when_o external_o apply_v what_o effect_n they_o will_v have_v on_o dog_n if_o inject_v into_o their_o vein_n or_o if_o they_o be_v keep_v with_o such_o for_o constant_a drink_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n especial_o the_o air._n it_o be_v the_o general_n consent_v of_o most_o man_n that_o the_o determinate_a state_n of_o body_n be_v not_o only_a first_o frame_v by_o what_o they_o call_v nature_n but_o that_o they_o be_v likewise_o preserve_v in_o those_o state_n by_o the_o superintendency_n of_o that_o power_n and_o that_o whenever_o they_o lose_v that_o state_n they_o be_v say_v to_o be_v put_v into_o a_o preternatural_a one_o but_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o such_o change_n proceed_v from_o natural_a cause_n and_o that_o those_o new_a state_n depend_v on_o the_o like_a catholic_n agent_n ground_v the_o common_a distinction_n betwixt_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n ill_o ground_v and_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o distinction_n man_n usual_o make_v betwixt_o the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n be_v but_o ill-grounded_a and_o that_o preternatural_a be_v only_o a_o relative_n term_n intimate_v that_o that_o body_n have_v undergo_v a_o change_n either_o by_o the_o operation_n of_o some_o unheeded_a or_o more_o note_a agent_n for_o matter_n be_v altogether_o void_a of_o sense_n and_o perception_n and_o not_o affect_v one_o state_n more_o than_o another_o the_o change_v it_o undergo_v depend_v on_o the_o alteration_n of_o its_o texture_n and_o new_a position_n of_o its_o part_n alter_v afresh_o by_o that_o agent_n which_o such_o a_o body_n be_v last_o expose_v to_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wax_n be_v put_v into_o a_o new_a form_n by_o the_o last_o impression_n make_v by_o another_o body_n upon_o it_o without_o affect_v one_o form_n more_o than_o another_o itself_o place_n ice_n a_o natural_a state_n in_o some_o place_n and_o that_o the_o state_n of_o some_o body_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v preternatural_a as_o true_o depend_v on_o natural_a cause_n and_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o nature_n as_o other_o be_v evident_a in_o ice_n and_o water_n in_o which_o body_n the_o form_n of_o each_o depend_v upon_o the_o effect_n of_o external_n agent_n for_o though_o in_o these_o hot_a climate_n water_n be_v esteem_v a_o natural_a and_o ice_n a_o preternatural_a state_n of_o that_o substance_n yet_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o siberia_n a_o province_n belong_v to_o a_o russian_a emperor_n water_n be_v freeze_v most_o part_n of_o the_o year_n and_o at_o a_o small_a depth_n from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o soil_n be_v freeze_v throughout_o where_o ice_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v the_o natural_a and_o the_o alteration_n make_v by_o a_o thaw_v and_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o external_n temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o sun_n beam_n be_v esteem_v preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n and_o further_o though_o butter_n in_o our_o clime_n be_v sell_v in_o a_o consistent_a form_n and_o when_o it_o be_v melt_v be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v in_o a_o preternatural_a state_n yet_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o among_o the_o european_n it_o be_v fluid_a and_o be_v sell_v by_o measure_n and_o not_o by_o weight_n as_o here_o in_o england_n and_o it_o be_v further_o observe_v that_o several_a substance_n as_o rosin_n of_o jalap_n gum_n lacca_n and_o even_a aloe_n itself_o be_v considerable_o soften_v in_o their_o consistence_n by_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o the_o force_n of_o external_n heat_n whilst_o they_o pass_v under_o the_o torrid_a zone_n so_o that_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o the_o former_a of_o the_o aforementioned_a drug_n be_v melt_v into_o a_o sort_n of_o balsam_n whilst_o it_o continue_v in_o africa_n but_o when_o it_o be_v bring_v to_o spain_n it_o put_v on_o a_o consistent_a form_n again_o and_o though_o aloe_n be_v soft_a whilst_o carry_v through_o america_n and_o those_o hot_a climate_n yet_o when_o it_o approach_v our_o climate_n it_o present_o become_v hard_a but_o to_o bring_v further_a instance_n concern_v the_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n of_o body_n i_o shall_v observe_v that_o according_a the_o receive_v notion_n of_o natural_a and_o preternatural_a state_n it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o determine_v the_o natural_a state_n of_o the_o air_n for_o not_o to_o insist_v on_o the_o different_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a in_o different_a clime_n it_o may_v be_v demand_v since_o heat_n and_o cold_a rarify_v and_o expand_v the_o air_n what_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v the_o natural_a state_n of_o it_o in_o reference_n to_o rarity_n and_o density_n and_o it_o be_v no_o less_o questionable_a what_o place_n be_v most_o fit_a to_o determine_v its_o natural_a state_n since_o the_o state_n of_o it_o be_v not_o only_o different_a in_o several_a country_n but_o in_o those_o place_n at_o different_a time_n and_o that_o the_o change_n as_o to_o the_o density_n or_o rarity_n of_o the_o air_n be_v very_o frequent_a appear_v by_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n gravity_n evident_a in_o the_o torrecellian_a experiment_n hereafter_o to_o be_v deliver_v air._n a_o force_a state_n the_o natural_a state_n of_o the_o air._n but_o further_o except_o the_o state_n of_o the_o air_n be_v say_v to_o be_v preternatural_a only_o in_o a_o relative_n sense_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o state_n it_o be_v in_o
rise_v at_o the_o first_o exsuction_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o when_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v open_v it_o will_v run_v down_o through_o the_o exhaust_v brass_n syphon_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o rise_v of_o mercury_n depend_v not_o on_o suction_n or_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la whatever_o some_o learned_a man_n teach_v but_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n since_o a_o baroscope_n consult_v at_o the_o same_o time_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v able_a to_o suspend_v it_o at_o such_o a_o height_n and_o as_o this_o be_v a_o argument_n against_o those_o that_o dispute_n for_o a_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la so_o it_o be_v against_o those_o that_o hold_v that_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o attraction_n of_o a_o rarify_v substance_n in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o pipe_n for_o though_o we_o can_v rarify_v the_o air_n further_o by_o continue_v the_o action_n of_o the_o pump_n yet_o the_o mercury_n will_v not_o rise_v one_o jot_n high_o annotation_n but_o the_o syphon_n here_o mention_v be_v elsewhere_o make_v use_n of_o it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o observe_v first_o the_o pipe_n which_o bend_v so_o much_o be_v make_v of_o metal_n to_o make_v it_o less_o subject_a to_o break_v second_o the_o end_n of_o it_o which_o be_v join_v to_o the_o stop-cock_n must_v be_v a_o little_a wide_o than_o any_o other_o part_n to_o admit_v the_o shank_n of_o the_o stop-cock_n three_o the_o cement_n which_o join_v the_o brass_n pipe_n and_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v apt_a to_o be_v loose_a i_o rather_o make_v choice_n of_o one_o to_o which_o a_o stop-cock_n be_v fix_v together_o with_o a_o glass_n syphon_n about_o 10_o inch_n high_a see_v plate_n 5._o fig._n 2._o where_o the_o whole_a be_v represent_v and_o though_o this_o additional_a glass_n make_v the_o experiment_n long_o and_o more_o tedious_a yet_o it_o be_v more_o useful_a and_o secure_a experiment_n fourteen_o the_o different_a height_n to_o which_o the_o liquor_n may_v be_v elevate_v by_o suction_n according_o as_o their_o specific_a gravity_n vary_v three_o see_v plate_n the_o five_o fig._n the_o three_o from_z experiment_n already_o lay_v down_o it_o appear_v to_o what_o height_n mercury_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o a_o tube_n we_o may_v guess_v at_o what_o height_n water_n may_v be_v suspend_v by_o consider_v that_o it_o be_v 14_o time_n light_a than_o the_o former_a but_o to_o be_v further_o satisfy_v i_o cause_v a_o small_a pipe_n which_o branch_a itself_o into_o two_o see_v plate_n the_o 5_o fig._n the_o 3_o so_o that_o a_o cylinder_n be_v fix_v to_o each_o branch_n the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o the_o vessel_n in_o which_o the_o low_a end_n of_o the_o pipe_n be_v immerse_v will_v rise_v proportionable_o as_o their_o specific_a gravity_n enable_v they_o to_o resist_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o pump_n set_v on_o work_n water_n rose_n in_o one_o of_o the_o cylinder_n to_o 42_o inch_n and_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o other_o tube_n not_o above_o 3_o inch_n so_o that_o the_o water_n be_v fourteen_o time_n high_o than_o the_o mercury_n and_o to_o make_v the_o experiment_n more_o satisfactory_a we_o let_v air_n into_o the_o receiver_n till_o the_o water_n subside_v to_o fourteen_o inch_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o mercury_n be_v sink_v to_o about_o a_o inch_n for_o in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o proportion_n be_v not_o so_o exact_a as_o 1_o to_o 14_o precise_o specify_v but_o thereabouts_o from_o this_o experiment_n we_o may_v draw_v argument_n not_o only_o against_o what_o be_v teach_v concern_v nature_n abhorrency_n of_o a_o vacuum_n but_o it_o may_v likewise_o more_o nice_o inform_v we_o of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o liquor_n for_o have_v put_v into_o one_o of_o the_o vessel_n under_o the_o glass_n tube_v fresh_a water_n and_o into_o the_o other_o salt_n water_n when_o the_o fresh_a water_n rise_v to_o 42_o inch_n the_o salt_n water_n be_v but_o 40_o inch_n high_a but_o have_v make_v use_v of_o a_o brine_n make_v of_o sea-salt_n melt_v in_o the_o air_n instead_o of_o salt_n water_n when_o the_o fresh_a water_n be_v raise_v to_o 42_o inch_n the_o brine_n do_v not_o exceed_v seven_o i_o likewise_o put_v into_o one_o of_o the_o vessel_n when_o this_o experiment_n be_v over_o a_o solution_n of_o pot-ash_n and_o common_a water_n into_o the_o other_o and_o when_o the_o water_n rise_v to_o 42_o inch_n the_o solution_n be_v raise_v but_o to_o 30._o experiment_n xv._o to_o what_o height_n water_n and_o mercury_n may_v be_v raise_v proportionable_o to_o their_o specific_a gravity_n have_v put_v mercury_n into_o a_o bottle_n and_o pour_v water_n into_o the_o bottle_n upon_o the_o mercury_n we_o immerse_v one_o pipe_n so_o low_a as_o to_o have_v its_o end_n in_o the_o mercury_n and_o another_o pipe_n be_v likewise_o immerse_v in_o the_o water_n only_o which_o be_v fix_v by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o cement_n in_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bottle_n the_o whole_a be_v convey_v into_o the_o engine_n and_o the_o pipe_n be_v each_o divide_v into_o inches_n by_o hard_a wax_n with_o which_o they_o be_v mark_v we_o observe_v that_o the_o water_n rise_v 15_o time_n as_o high_a as_o the_o quicksilver_n experiment_n xvi_o illustrate_v the_o former_a experiment_n illustrate_v have_v put_v mercury_n into_o a_o short_a tube_n and_o water_n into_o one_o that_o be_v long_o both_o of_o they_o be_v hermetical_o seal_v at_o one_o end_v we_o invert_v they_o both_o the_o end_n of_o each_o rest_n in_o a_o distinct_a vessel_n which_o be_v convey_v into_o the_o receiver_n the_o water_n in_o the_o cylinder_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o subside_n till_o by_o pump_v out_o the_o air_n the_o mercury_n subside_v within_o 3_o inch_n of_o the_o bottom_n which_o be_v soon_o than_o it_o ought_v according_a to_o statical_a rule_n which_o we_o conceive_v to_o proceed_v from_o some_o airy_a part_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n which_o rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o cylinder_n depress_v it_o by_o their_o spring_n yet_o the_o water_n when_o the_o mercury_n subside_v to_o the_o height_n of_o a_o inch_n be_v near_o as_o high_a as_o before_o experiment_n xvii_o etc._n the_o great_a height_n to_o which_o water_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o suction_n etc._n etc._n to_o try_v how_o high_a water_n may_v be_v raise_v by_o suction_n in_o a_o pump_n i_o provide_v a_o long_a tube_n about_o thirty_o foot_n long_o be_v make_v of_o several_a tin_n pipe_n close_o join_v together_o with_o soder_n and_o cover_v over_o with_o a_o black_a cement_n which_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o stick_v to_o our_o hand_n we_o cover_v with_o plaster_n of_o paris_n to_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o this_o pipe_n be_v fix_v a_o glass_n tube_n about_o three_o foot_n long_o and_o to_o the_o top_n of_o that_o be_v fix_v another_o pipe_n consist_v of_o two_o piece_n which_o make_v a_o right_a angle_n with_o each_o other_o part_n of_o which_o be_v parallel_n to_o the_o horizon_n 1._o see_v plate_n the_o seven_o fig._n 1._o and_o the_o other_o perpendicular_a the_o low_a end_n be_v fix_v to_o the_o engine_n which_o be_v place_v upon_o a_o flat-roofed_n house_n and_o a_o vessel_n fill_v with_o water_n be_v put_v under_o the_o end_n of_o the_o pipe_n below_o the_o pump_n be_v set_v on_o work_n and_o the_o water_n after_o a_o few_o exsuction_n be_v raise_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o glass_n tube_n emit_v several_a bubble_n which_o proceed_v from_o the_o air_n former_o lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n but_o the_o chief_a aim_n of_o our_o experiment_n be_v only_o to_o try_v to_o what_o height_n the_o water_n can_v be_v raise_v i_o cause_v the_o pump_n to_o be_v nimble_o ply_v till_o the_o water_n can_v rise_v no_o high_o which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o water_n measure_v by_o a_o string_n we_o find_v it_o to_o be_v 33_o foot_n and_o about_o six_o inch_n quicksilver_n in_o a_o baroscope_n at_o the_o same_o time_n stand_v at_o 29_o inch_n and_o about_o 3_o eight_o of_o a_o inch_n so_o that_o the_o water_n be_v near_o fourteen_o time_n as_o high_a as_o the_o mercury_n in_o which_o experiment_n that_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v sufficient_o exhaust_v appear_v from_o several_a circumstance_n as_o first_o if_o any_o air_n get_v in_o at_o cranny_n in_o the_o pipe_n it_o will_v rise_v in_o bubble_n easy_o to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o those_o which_o rise_v from_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n and_o though_o the_o quantity_n of_o those_o bubble_n be_v considerable_a yet_o more_o air_n be_v throw_v out_o by_o the_o pump_n than_o can_v get_v in_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v empty_a enough_o but_o in_o this_o experiment_n
with_o london_n and_o at_o the_o most_o not_o exceed_v 52_o degree_n the_o ice_n be_v near_o six_o foot_n deep_a and_o the_o frost_n so_o violent_a that_o bottle_n of_o brandy_n will_v have_v a_o four_o part_n turn_v into_o ice_n the_o unfreeze_v liquor_n be_v much_o strong_a than_o before_o the_o ice_n which_o swim_v upon_o the_o water_n be_v fresh_a from_o whence_o they_o supply_v themselves_o with_o fresh_a water_n either_o by_o melt_v it_o in_o their_o pot_n or_o by_o gather_v it_o from_o large_a cavity_n in_o float_a piece_n of_o ice_n where_o it_o be_v melt_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n a_o traveller_n tell_v i_o that_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o pyrenean_n mountain_n in_o the_o summer_n it_o be_v very_o hot_a though_o the_o same_o day_n it_o be_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o the_o wind_n at_o morocco_n be_v so_o hot_a as_o almost_o to_o stifle_v he_o and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o high_a pyrenean_n mountain_n that_o below_o they_o there_o be_v cloud_n which_o yield_v rain_v plentiful_o out_o of_o which_o lightning_n flash_v upward_o as_o well_o as_o downward_o dr._n stubbs_n tell_v i_o that_o in_o a_o bolt-head_n about_o 2_o foot_n ½_n long_o about_o 7_o or_o 8_o a_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n which_o be_v the_o faint_a time_n of_o the_o day_n the_o water_n will_v rise_v but_o ¼_n of_o inch_n and_o half_a a_o quarter_n after_o which_o time_n it_o will_v subside_o till_o that_o time_n the_o next_o day_n he_o further_o add_v that_o in_o 8_o or_o 10_o month_n time_n in_o that_o hot_a country_n water_n will_v not_o decrease_v in_o quantity_n though_o keep_v unstop_v i_o be_o tell_v by_o another_o that_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n near_o the_o coast_n of_o sumatra_n though_o ice_n nor_o frost_n nor_o snow_n be_v ever_o observe_v yet_o he_o have_v know_v hail_n to_o fall_v and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o the_o island_n of_o ceylon_n which_o lie_v betwixt_o 6_o and_o 10_o degree_n north_n latitude_n in_o that_o torrid_a climate_n it_o will_v be_v so_o cold_a at_o the_o top_n of_o some_o hill_n to_o who_o top_n they_o can_v ascend_v in_o half_a a_o hour_n that_o they_o will_v almost_o shiver_v and_o capt._n knox_n tell_v i_o that_o have_v spend_v 18_o year_n in_o that_o island_n he_o observe_v a_o kind_n of_o meteor_n in_o winter_n morning_n between_o a_o dew_n and_o a_o hoar_a frost_n which_o present_o vanish_v and_o that_o once_o there_o happen_v a_o shower_n of_o hail_n which_o be_v about_o the_o size_n of_o a_o black_a cherry_n but_o be_v present_o melt_v upon_o the_o ground_n the_o heat_n be_v so_o violent_a in_o the_o island_n suaquena_n that_o it_o excoriate_v the_o skin_n melt_v indian_a wax_n in_o a_o cabinet_n and_o sear_v your_o shoe_n like_o a_o red_a hot_a iron_n yet_o on_o some_o mountain_n in_o aethiopia_n they_o dread_v cold_a more_o than_o heat_v though_o no_o snow_n fall_v but_o only_o a_o little_a hail_n now_o and_o then_o which_o soon_o melt_v and_o tellesius_n witness_n that_o in_o many_o region_n in_o aethiopia_n the_o air_n be_v more_o mild_a than_o in_o portugal_n so_o many_o degree_n distant_a northward_o at_o tripoli_n in_o barbary_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v over_o a_o long_a sandy_a desert_n it_o as_o well_o as_o the_o wind_n it_o bring_v along_o with_o it_o seem_v as_o hot_a as_o the_o steam_n from_o a_o oven_n and_o and_o the_o same_o have_v be_v observe_v near_o the_o island_n of_o st._n lovis_fw-la on_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o it_o be_v further_o remarkable_a that_o the_o ground_n be_v so_o hot_a that_o the_o gentleman_n who_o relate_v it_o can_v scarce_o endure_v to_o stand_v upon_o it_o and_o he_o further_o tell_v i_o that_o when_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o a_o wood_n in_o which_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o wild_a beast_n lay_v it_o stink_v so_o that_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v endure_v in_o summo_fw-la ejus_fw-la montis_fw-la idae_fw-la sc_fw-la fastigio_fw-la sacellum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la aedificiolo_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la constat_fw-la saxis_fw-la sibi_fw-la inuicem_fw-la impositis_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la calce_fw-la cohaerentibus_fw-la fornicis_fw-la in_o modum_fw-la constructo_fw-la ad_fw-la tectum_fw-la praebendum_fw-la sublimi_fw-la adeo_fw-la loco_fw-la est_fw-la &_o à _fw-la vehementioribus_fw-la ventis_fw-la interdum_fw-la ita_fw-la perflato_fw-la ut_fw-la lapilli_fw-la inde_fw-la transferantur_fw-la 16._o petri_n bellonii_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 16._o paulo_n infra_fw-la id_fw-la sacellum_fw-la planity_n conspicitur_fw-la montibus_fw-la undique_fw-la cincta_fw-la in_fw-la quâ_fw-la multa_fw-la sunt_fw-la pascua_fw-la ubi_fw-la arietes_n &_o caprae_fw-la cretense_n aestate_fw-la pinguescunt_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la ex_fw-la summo_fw-la montis_fw-la vertice_fw-la undique_fw-la prospiciat_fw-la pâ—â—â—…_n aberit_fw-la quin_fw-la totius_fw-la insulae_fw-la ambitum_fw-la videat_fw-la cum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d vicinis_fw-la insulis_fw-la miso_n cerigo_n sive_fw-la cythera_n 〈◊〉_d archipelagi_n aeris_fw-la intempery_n in_fw-la hoc_fw-la â—â—â—…te_fw-la adeo_fw-la magna_fw-la est_fw-la quemadmodum_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o caeteris_fw-la praeâ—â—â—…_n montibus_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o ipsis_fw-la caniculae_fw-la ardoribus_fw-la â—…ridie_fw-la nullo_n etiam_fw-la spirante_fw-la vento_fw-la ingens_fw-la senâ—â—â—tur_fw-la frigus_fw-la qua_fw-la de_fw-la causa_fw-la nec_fw-la hyeme_n nec_fw-la aslâ—…te_fw-la 〈◊〉_d eum_fw-la incolit_fw-la nam_fw-la licet_fw-la pastor_n interdâ—…â—â—iâ—â—_n greges_fw-la ad_fw-la pascua_fw-la agunt_fw-la noctu_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o valles_fw-la se_fw-la recipiunt_fw-la in_o the_o next_o chapter_n latè_fw-la porro_fw-la patet_fw-la hic_fw-la mons_fw-la ejusque_fw-la radices_fw-la 〈◊〉_d maris_fw-la littora_fw-la ut_fw-la ante_fw-la diximus_fw-la attingunt_fw-la nam_fw-la licet_fw-la urbi_fw-la candiae_fw-la sunt_fw-la vicinae_fw-la meditullium_fw-la tamen_fw-la insulae_fw-la occupo_fw-la ipse_fw-la mons_fw-la adeo_fw-la in_o sublime_a evectus_fw-la ut_fw-la nives_fw-la ejus_fw-la verticem_fw-la perpetuò_fw-la tegnant_fw-la tamque_fw-la frigida_fw-la aâ—ra_fw-la mediis_fw-la etiam_fw-la astatis_fw-la ardoribus_fw-la isthic_n est_fw-la ut_fw-la vix_fw-la ferri_fw-la queat_fw-la tametsi_fw-la in_o convallibus_fw-la magnus_fw-la sit_fw-la aestus_fw-la 8._o jacobi_n zabarelli_n de-regionibus_a aeris_fw-la c._n 8._o contigit_fw-la id_fw-la meae_fw-la experientiae_fw-la quod_fw-la etiam_fw-la aliis_fw-la contigisse_fw-la audivi_fw-la ut_fw-la ascenderem_fw-la ad_fw-la summutatem_fw-la usque_fw-la montis_fw-la veneris_fw-la qui_fw-la omnium_fw-la in_o patavino_n agro_fw-la altissimus_fw-la est_fw-la ibi_fw-la per_fw-la totum_fw-la diem_fw-la habui_fw-la aerem_fw-la serenissimum_fw-la sed_fw-la infra_fw-la circiter_fw-la medium_n montis_fw-la vidi_fw-la nubes_fw-la quae_fw-la i_o visione_n vallium_fw-la prohibebant_fw-la vesperi_fw-la autem_fw-la postquam_fw-la de_fw-la illo_fw-la monte_fw-fr descendi_fw-la inveni_fw-la factam_fw-la eo_fw-la die_v infera_fw-fr parte_fw-la magnam_fw-la pluviam_fw-la cum_fw-la in_o montis_fw-la cacumine_fw-la nihil_fw-la pluisset_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la intellexi_fw-la i_o transiisse_fw-la per_fw-la mediam_fw-la aeris_fw-la regionem_fw-la in_fw-la qua_fw-la est_fw-la facta_fw-la pluvia_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la eam_fw-la sensi_fw-la frigidissimam_fw-la imò_fw-la vix_fw-la aliquam_fw-la animadverti_fw-la differentiam_fw-la frigidioris_fw-la &_o calidioris_fw-la aeris_fw-la nam_fw-la aestivum_fw-la tempus_fw-la erat_fw-la pro_fw-la aestivo_fw-la tempore_fw-la eram_fw-la vestitus_fw-la nec_fw-la tamen_fw-la tantum_fw-la frigoris_fw-la quod_fw-la i_o laederet_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la loco_fw-la percepi_fw-la pars_fw-la igitur_fw-la illa_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la absolutè_fw-la frigida_fw-la sed_fw-la solùm_fw-la comparatione_fw-la inferi_fw-la aeris_fw-la calidioris_fw-la idem_fw-la de_fw-la alpibus_fw-la proprio_fw-la exemplo_fw-la edoctus_fw-la testatum_fw-la reliquit_fw-la bartholinus_n sy_v phys_n instit_fw-la succinct_a de_fw-fr terra_fw-la aere_fw-la &_o igne_fw-la c._n 4._o resp_n 1._o mount_v atlas_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n have_v be_v see_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o several_a people_n who_o have_v visit_v the_o top_n of_o high_a mountain_n such_o as_o the_o alps_n and_o teneriff_n have_v find_v it_o exceed_o cold_a i_o be_o tell_v by_o one_o that_o he_o never_o hear_v of_o snow_n or_o ice_n in_o guinea_n but_o in_o barbary_n where_o the_o plain_n be_v excessive_a hot_a the_o top_n of_o mountain_n be_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o island_n ceylon_n and_o the_o mountain_n of_o congo_n in_o the_o summer_n 88_o i_o place_v a_o glass_n in_o a_o cave_n which_o face_v the_o sea_n it_o be_v cover_v with_o 80_o foot_n of_o earth_n and_o cut_v right_a in_o about_o 130_o foot_n the_o mercury_n stand_v ½_n above_o temperate_a and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n in_o another_o glass_n in_o the_o open_a air_n it_o stand_v at_o hot_a about_o christmas_n follow_v the_o mercury_n in_o the_o cave_n vary_v not_o but_o that_o without_o stand_v at_o frost_n in_o new-hampshire_n in_o new-england_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o the_o winter_n the_o north-west_n wind_n be_v very_o cold_a and_o in_o summer_n intense_o hot_a it_o be_v ascribe_v to_o a_o large_a tract_n of_o woody_n land_n which_o in_o the_o winter_n be_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o in_o the_o summer_n the_o valley_n be_v close_o keep_v in_o the_o heat_n till_o
concretes_n out_o of_o lixiviate_v solvent_n such_o as_o crude_a antimony_n and_o though_o common_a sulphur_n yield_v a_o white_a precipitate_v call_v lac_n sulphuris_fw-la yet_o i_o conclude_v that_o antimony_n will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a one_o as_o well_o by_o be_v make_v by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n as_o length_n of_o time_n wherefore_o i_o put_v a_o fresh_a solution_n of_o antimony_n into_o one_o glass_n and_o some_o of_o the_o orange_n colour_v mixture_n into_o another_o where_o by_o drop_a oil_n of_o vitriol_n into_o the_o latter_a it_o will_v become_v transparent_a whereas_o the_o same_o oil_n will_v turn_v the_o other_o clear_a solution_n into_o a_o deep_a yellow_a but_o in_o this_o experiment_n we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o the_o solution_n of_o antimony_n must_v be_v fresh_a otherwise_o in_o winter_n it_o will_v scarce_o succeed_v reflection_n on_o the_o xl_o experiment_n compare_v with_o the_o x_o and_o xx._n though_o the_o x_o and_o xx_o experiment_n show_v how_o acid_n may_v be_v distinguish_v from_o urinous_a and_o alkalizate_a salt_n yet_o thence_o we_o can_v distinguish_v urinous_a salt_n from_o alkalous_a but_o by_o the_o precede_a experiment_n i_o be_v enable_v to_o distinguish_v lixiviate_n by_o their_o precipitate_v a_o orange_n tawny_a from_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n in_o water_n whereas_o urinous_a salt_n will_v make_v it_o either_o white_a or_o milky_a so_o that_o by_o this_o experiment_n i_o can_v discover_v that_o shall_v ammoniac_a draw_v from_o a_o alkaly_n be_v but_o a_o urinous_a salt_n more_o refine_v the_o alkaly_a separate_n and_o retain_v the_o sea-salt_n mix_v with_o it_o for_o it_o will_v not_o only_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o verdigrease_n azure_a but_o will_v precipitate_v a_o white_a substance_n from_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v not_o only_o learn_v to_o conclude_v affirmative_o but_o negative_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o salt_n since_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o essential_a oil_n have_v either_o no_o salt_n in_o they_o or_o it_o be_v of_o a_o peculiar_a kind_n since_o they_o will_v neither_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n red_a nor_o green_a nor_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n white_a or_o yellow_a i_o find_v that_o spirit_n of_o oak_n though_o it_o be_v a_o chemical_a principle_n yet_o it_o will_v turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n purple_a and_o destroy_v the_o blewness_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephritium_n as_o acid_n do_v and_o will_v corrode_v coral_n like_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n but_o when_o the_o acid_n part_n of_o this_o spirit_n be_v separate_v from_o the_o other_o it_o will_v have_v no_o more_o effect_n upon_o any_o of_o those_o liquor_n as_o spirit_n of_o wine_n or_o essential_a oil_n and_o by_o this_o method_n we_o may_v discover_v the_o nature_n of_o most_o salt_n produce_v either_o by_o art_n or_o nature_n and_o by_o the_o same_o method_n here_o lay_v down_o i_o have_v observe_v several_a liquor_n which_o though_o run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la will_v have_v no_o other_o effect_n than_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o i_o know_v how_o to_o make_v a_o strong_a saline_a body_n which_o will_v neither_o work_n upon_o syrup_n of_o violet_n or_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n and_o now_o to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v it_o may_v be_v seasonable_a to_o add_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o salt_n upon_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n depend_v on_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n not_o only_o of_o the_o solution_n but_o of_o the_o body_n by_o which_o it_o be_v precipitate_v for_o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n in_o aqua_fw-la regius_fw-la will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a precipitate_v whether_o oil_n of_o tartar_n spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v add_v to_o it_o yet_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v have_v no_o such_o effect_n and_o the_o crystal_n of_o silver_n dissolve_v will_v yield_v a_o white_a precipitate_v whether_o a_o alkaly_n or_o a_o acid._n be_v drop_v into_o the_o solution_n yet_o shall_v ammoniac_a will_v not_o produce_v the_o like_a effect_n so_o that_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v evaporate_v the_o metalline_a corpuseles_o with_o the_o saline_a one_o that_o have_v imbibe_v they_o coagulate_v into_o salt_n as_o such_o solution_n usual_o do_v when_o the_o metal_n have_v be_v precipitate_v experiment_n xli_o a_o azure_a solution_n of_o copper_n in_o spirit_n of_o urine_n be_v shake_v with_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v become_v clear_a as_o water_n and_o though_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la usual_o extract_v a_o blue_n greenish_a solution_n from_o french_a verdigrease_n yet_o be_v drop_v into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o in_o water_n it_o almost_o render_v it_o colourless_a but_o upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o oil_n of_o tartar_n or_o spirit_n of_o urine_n it_o will_v disclose_v a_o colour_n somewhat_o different_a from_o the_o solution_n of_o verdigrease_n itself_o experiment_n xlii_o the_o dry_a calx_fw-la remain_v after_o a_o evaporation_n of_o a_o solution_n of_o quicksilver_n in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la give_v a_o yellow_a tincture_n but_o quicksilver_n be_v put_v into_o a_o retort_n with_o four_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o the_o saline_n menstruum_fw-la be_v draw_v off_o in_o a_o sand-heat_n till_o a_o dry_a calx_fw-la remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n though_o this_o calx_fw-la be_v of_o a_o white_a colour_n it_o will_v pass_v through_o a_o milky_a colour_n to_o a_o yellow_a upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n and_o beguinus_n tyr._n chym._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 13._o prepare_v turbith_n mineral_n which_o he_o call_v mercurius_n praecipitatus_fw-la optimus_fw-la by_o digest_v and_o then_o two_o or_o three_o time_n cohobate_v one_o part_n of_o quicksilver_n with_o two_o of_o oil_n of_o sulphur_n and_o by_o frequent_a ablution_n in_o hot_a distil_a water_n etc._n etc._n but_o though_o this_o yellow_a of_o we_o be_v a_o much_o fine_a than_o any_o in_o the_o painter_n shop_n yet_o it_o be_v too_o dear_a for_o ordinary_a use_n be_v we_o certain_a it_o will_v agree_v with_o oil_a colour_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o menstruum_fw-la which_o be_v devoid_a of_o colour_n may_v produce_v a_o colour_n be_v mix_v with_o a_o white_a calx_fw-la experiment_n xliii_o to_o show_v that_o a_o colour_n may_v be_v produce_v by_o a_o liquor_n that_o have_v neither_o colour_n nor_o saline_a part_n we_o pour_v water_n on_o a_o gray_a calx_fw-la of_o vitriol_n and_o though_o at_o the_o first_o the_o mixture_n be_v of_o a_o muddy_a colour_n yet_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o viol_n for_o some_o day_n the_o calx_fw-la be_v partly_o dissolve_v and_o shoot_v into_o vitriol_n give_v the_o water_n a_o vitriolate_a colour_n and_o so_o it_o do_v to_o fresh_a water_n pour_v on_o the_o calx_fw-la when_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n be_v decant_v experiment_n xliv_o by_o drop_v a_o few_o drop_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o cochinele_n or_o brazil_n into_o water_n it_o will_v acquire_v a_o pink_a colour_n from_o which_o by_o successive_a addition_n it_o will_v pass_v from_o that_o to_o a_o fine_a red_a and_o from_o that_o to_o a_o crimson_a and_o after_o that_o to_o a_o opace_fw-la red_n and_o several_a intermediate_v colour_n may_v be_v perceive_v in_o its_o passage_n from_o one_o colour_n to_o another_o but_o these_o variation_n will_v be_v more_o conspicuous_a if_o we_o make_v use_v of_o cylindrical_a pipe_n instead_o of_o viol_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o a_o tincture_n of_o brazil_n be_v put_v into_o a_o viol_n that_o in_o the_o body_n of_o it_o appear_v blue_a but_o that_o in_o the_o neck_n which_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n traject_v more_o plentiful_o appear_v green_a and_o i_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o glass_n which_o be_v hold_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n seem_v clear_a and_o when_o the_o eye_n be_v place_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o light_n it_o appear_v slight_o discolour_a yet_o be_v apply_v to_o the_o glass_n it_o be_v knock_v off_o it_o appear_v as_o green_a as_o grass_n and_o i_o have_v have_v bottle_n which_o though_o they_o be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o material_n with_o the_o stopple_v be_v nevertheless_o different_a in_o colour_n and_o i_o have_v a_o flat_a glass_n which_o obvert_v to_o the_o eye_n flat_a appear_v like_o ordinary_a window_n glass_n but_o if_o the_o edge_n of_o it_o be_v obverl_v to_o my_o eye_n in_o a_o convenient_a posture_n it_o will_v appear_v like_o a_o emerald_n and_o i_o have_v have_v a_o certain_a pigment_n which_o if_o it_o lay_v thick_a upon_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v of_o a_o crimson_a but_o be_v spread_v thin_a on_o the_o paper_n it_o will_v seem_v green_a and_o i_o have_v likewise_o observe_v that_o that_o blue_a substance_n call_v litmase_v be_v dissolve_v in_o water_n give_v it_o a_o tincture_n betwixt_o crimson_n and_o purple_a yet_o it_o stain_v paper_a blue_n
mark_n be_v about_o the_o 15_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a 10._o a_o large_a glass-egg_n with_o a_o proportionable_a stem_n be_v so_o far_o fill_v with_o water_n that_o it_o wrought_v up_o a_o inch_n into_o the_o stem_n the_o next_o day_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v 15_o inch_n the_o whole_a contain_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o egg_n be_v freeze_v the_o freeze_a water_n continue_v to_o swell_v be_v raise_v 4_o inch_n high_o a_o few_o drop_n run_v over_o the_o top_n of_o it_o but_o when_o the_o ice_n be_v whole_o thaw_v it_o subside_v again_o 11._o another_o egg_n about_o the_o same_o height_n be_v place_v in_o beat_a ice_n and_o salt_n the_o water_n rise_v a_o inch_n in_o a_o hour_n time_n and_o several_a laminae_fw-la of_o ice_n appear_v at_o the_o jointure_n of_o the_o ball_n and_o the_o neck_n but_o after_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o quarce_a those_o disappear_v and_o the_o ball_n seem_v to_o be_v fill_v with_o white_a ice_n the_o water_n in_o the_o neck_n be_v raise_v 4_o ½_n inch_n above_o the_o first_o mark._n several_n small_a bubble_n ascend_v through_o the_o neck_n till_o it_o be_v whole_o thaw_v and_o the_o white_a ice_n be_v full_a of_o bubble_n the_o experiment_n be_v further_o prosecute_v the_o water_n swell_v till_o some_o of_o it_o run_v out_o at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n upon_o which_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v seal_v up_o we_o place_v it_o in_o a_o warm_a room_n till_o the_o water_n be_v quite_o thaw_v so_o much_o air_n only-remaining_a above_o the_o water_n when_o freeze_v as_o in_o dimension_n equal_v a_o small_a pea._n when_o the_o ice_n be_v whole_o thaw_v the_o water_n subside_v to_o its_o first_o mark_n and_o then_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n so_o much_o of_o it_o be_v impel_v by_o the_o external_a air_n as_o when_o the_o pipe_n be_v re-inverted_n again_o rise_v 7_o inch_n above_o the_o first_o mark_n and_o leave_v about_o a_o inch_n ¼_n above_o it_o so_o that_o the_o air_n which_o cause_v the_o water_n when_o freeze_v to_o swell_v and_o which_o be_v generate_v there_o take_v up_o one_o inch_n and_o ¼_n which_o be_v expanded_a through_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n when_o thaw_v so_o far_o appear_v not_o to_o be_v air_n that_o it_o want_v a_o spring_n to_o resist_v the_o ingress_n of_o the_o water_n 12._o another_o time_n the_o tip_n of_o a_o seal_a stem_n be_v break_v under_o water_n it_o receive_v 10_o inch_n and_o above_o ½_n 13._o in_o the_o same_o bolt-head_n wherein_o the_o great_a condensation_n of_o air_n be_v try_v the_o water_n be_v freeze_v be_v raise_v a_o foot_n above_o its_o former_a station_n and_o then_o be_v seal_v up_o and_o leisurely_o thaw_v it_o subside_v again_o to_o its_o former_a mark_n and_o then_o the_o seal_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n so_o much_o of_o that_o contain_v in_o the_o basin_n be_v force_v into_o the_o tube_n as_o sill_v 11_o inch_n of_o it_o near_o â…›_n of_o a_o inch_n of_o air_n be_v generate_v in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o the_o operation_n 14._o another_o time_n the_o water_n swell_v 10_o inch_n in_o the_o same_o glass_n we_o break_v off_o the_o neb_n under_o water_n and_o it_o receive_v as_o much_o of_o the_o external_a water_n so_o that_o in_o this_o no_o air_n be_v generate_v 15._o the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o aqueous_a liquor_n the_o neb_n of_o one_o that_o contain_v milk_n be_v break_v off_o under_o water_n it_o be_v manifest_o impel_v by_o the_o outward_a air._n and_o another_o be_v likewise_o open_v under_o water_n which_o contain_v urine_n it_o receive_v about_o five_o or_o six_o inch_n of_o water_n 16._o another_o glass_n which_o contain_v claret-wine_n be_v open_v under_o water_n the_o water_n be_v impel_v near_o a_o inch_n above_o the_o mark_n which_o will_v not_o have_v happen_v have_v the_o bubble_n be_v fill_v with_o true_a and_o permament_n air._n title_n x._o experiment_n about_o the_o measure_n of_o the_o expansion_n and_o the_o contraction_n of_o liquor_n measure_v the_o expansion_n and_o contraction_n of_o liquor_n measure_v to_o measure_v the_o expansion_n of_o the_o air_n we_o take_v a_o bolt-head_n and_o pour_v in_o so_o much_o water_n that_o it_o rise_v a_o little_a way_n into_o the_o stem_n which_o be_v do_v and_o the_o number_n of_o ounce_n it_o contain_v set_v down_o to_o those_o we_o successful_o add_v one_o ounce_n after_o another_o mark_v how_o high_a each_o of_o they_o wrought_v which_o be_v do_v we_o pour_v out_o a_o convenient_a quantity_n and_o freeze_v the_o remain_a water_n from_o the_o bottom_n upward_o and_o the_o ice_n that_o consist_v of_o 82_o part_n of_o water_n fill_v the_o space_n of_o 91_o and_o ½_n so_o that_o the_o congeal_a water_n possess_v a_o 9th_o part_n of_o space_n more_o than_o it_o do_v before_o in_o another_o experiment_n 55_o part_n of_o water_n be_v freeze_v be_v extend_v to_o 60_o ½_n 6_o of_o those_o remain_v unfreeze_v 2._o another_o way_n we_o take_v to_o measure_v the_o expansion_n of_o water_n be_v by_o mark_v a_o cylindrical_a pipe_n at_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o it_o which_o when_o it_o be_v freeze_v be_v raise_v a_o ten_o part_n high_o than_o before_o another_o more_o exact_a cylinder_n be_v make_v use_n of_o we_o find_v that_o water_n freeze_v expanded_a to_o about_o a_o nine_o part_n of_o the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o 3._o but_o perhaps_o this_o method_n of_o measure_v the_o expansion_n of_o freeze_a water_n may_v suggest_v a_o difficulty_n to_o those_o that_o be_v acquaint_v with_o hydrostaticks_n since_o archimedes_n have_v make_v it_o appear_v as_o well_o as_o stevinus_n that_o float_a body_n will_v so_o far_o and_o but_o so_o far_o sink_v in_o the_o liquor_n that_o support_v they_o till_o the_o immersed_a part_n of_o the_o body_n be_v equal_a to_o a_o bulk_n of_o water_n weigh_v as_o much_o as_o the_o whole_a body_n 4._o for_o capt._n james_n have_v observe_v ice_n to_o float_v a_o great_a deal_n above_o the_o water_n and_o the_o hollander_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n take_v notice_n of_o a_o hill_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 16_o fathom_n above_o the_o water_n though_o but_o 36_o below_o it_o and_o janus_n munkius_n in_o his_o account_n of_o gâ—…enland_n observe_v that_o one_o that_o be_v but_o 4â—_n fathom_n under_o water_n be_v 20_o above_o it_o whereas_o according_a to_o our_o computation_n of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n the_o part_n under_o water_n ought_v to_o be_v 8_o or_o 9_o time_n as_o deep_a as_o that_o above_o it_o 5._o but_o to_o clear_v this_o difficulty_n i_o have_v these_o thing_n to_o represent_v first_o that_o the_o ice_n which_o we_o take_v notice_n of_o float_v in_o fresh_a water_n but_o that_o observe_v by_o navigator_n be_v fresh_a float_n in_o salt_n water_n yet_o this_o be_v to_o be_v likewise_o consider_v that_o near_o the_o pole_n the_o sea_n be_v not_o so_o salt_n as_o we_o or_o those_o under_o the_o line_n and_o consequent_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v up_o the_o float_a ice_n so_o high_a except_o the_o coldness_n of_o that_o region_n recompense_n the_o want_n of_o salt_n 6._o but_o beside_o these_o consideration_n that_o which_o i_o will_v chief_o insist_v upon_o for_o the_o removal_n of_o this_o difficulty_n be_v that_o these_o huge_a pile_n of_o ice_n be_v make_v up_o of_o vast_a lump_n betwixt_o which_o be_v large_a vacuity_n which_o be_v only_o fill_v up_o with_o air_n so_o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o judge_v of_o their_o weight_n by_o the_o bulk_n they_o appear_v to_o be_v of_o to_o the_o eye_n but_o by_o the_o specific_a weight_n incumbent_a on_o that_o part_n immerse_v in_o the_o water_n for_o we_o see_v in_o barge_n that_o sometime_o they_o carry_v load_v which_o consist_v of_o light_a matter_n may_v be_v pile_v a_o great_a height_n above_o the_o water_n without_o depress_v the_o vessel_n so_o much_o as_o heavy_a body_n of_o less_o bulk_n which_o be_v more_o ponderous_a in_o specie_fw-la for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o float_a piece_n of_o ice_n as_o bartholinus_n take_v notice_n be_v compile_v of_o store_n of_o snow_n freeze_v together_o beside_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o most_o of_o those_o stupendous_a mountain_n which_o lay_v so_o much_o above_o water_n below_o rest_v on_o the_o ground_n so_o that_o probable_o they_o may_v have_v sink_v much_o low_o have_v the_o water_n be_v deep_a enough_o for_o they_o for_o mr._n hudson_n in_o his_o voyage_n take_v notice_n in_o a_o bay_n that_o bear_v his_o name_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o ice_n sevenscore_n fathom_n deep_a 7._o have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n it_o perhaps_o may_v
and_o bay-salt_n strew_v on_o some_o part_n of_o they_o they_o promote_v the_o melt_a of_o the_o ice_n so_o much_o that_o they_o bury_v themselves_o in_o it_o but_o the_o part_n thaw_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v so_o incorporate_v with_o and_o freeze_v to_o the_o stool_n that_o we_o can_v not_o separate_v they_o without_o knock_v they_o in_o piece_n at_o another_o time_n salt_n throw_v upon_o ice_n make_v a_o crackle_v noise_n and_o by_o a_o candle-light_n several_a steam_n be_v observe_v to_o rise_v from_o they_o like_v from_o some_o hot_a liquor_n a_o few_o drop_n of_o aquafortis_n drop_v upon_o plate_n of_o ice_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n the_o latter_a soon_o penetrate_v but_o the_o former_a with_o more_o noise_n as_o if_o the_o ice_n be_v crack_v 5._o olaus_n magnus_n gent._n septentr_n hist_o lib._n 1._o cap._n 14_o say_v of_o the_o strength_n of_o ice_n glacies_fw-la primae_fw-la &_o mediae_fw-la byemis_fw-la adâ—ò_fw-la fortis_fw-la &_o tenax_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la spissitudine_fw-la seu_fw-la densitate_fw-la duorum_fw-la digitorum_fw-la sufferat_fw-la hominem_fw-la ambulantem_fw-la trium_fw-la verò_fw-la digitorum_fw-la equestrem_fw-la armatum_fw-la unius_fw-la palmae_fw-la &_o dimidiae_fw-la turmas_fw-la vel_fw-la exercitus_fw-la militares_fw-la trium_fw-la vel_fw-la quatuor_fw-la palmarum_fw-la integram_fw-la legionem_fw-la vel_fw-la myriadem_fw-la populorum_fw-la quemadmodùm_fw-la inferius_fw-la de_fw-la bellis_fw-la hyemalibus_fw-la memorandum_n erit_fw-la but_o this_o account_n be_v the_o less_o satisfactory_a because_o he_o tell_v we_o not_o how_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o shore_n this_o weight_n will_v be_v bear_v for_o the_o weight_n of_o one_o man_n may_v be_v much_o great_a at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o shore_n than_o of_o more_o upon_o or_o near_o the_o side_n since_o the_o shore_n have_v there_o a_o great_a strength_n to_o support_v it_o 6._o purchas_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 13_o say_v that_o the_o ice_n in_o russia_n be_v as_o hard_o as_o a_o rock_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o same_o lib._n 4._o cap._n 13._o p._n 813_o that_o the_o ice_n which_o float_v in_o the_o sea_n be_v take_v up_o and_o thaw_v yield_v fresh_a water_n but_o whether_o it_o consist_v of_o a_o accumulation_n of_o fresh_a particle_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v a_o collection_n of_o ice_n carry_v thither_o from_o some_o fresh_a water_n i_o much_o question_n since_o the_o main_a ocean_n be_v seldom_o freeze_v and_o especial_o since_o purchas_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 7._o say_v that_o the_o float_a ice_n near_o nova_n zembla_n which_o close_v up_o the_o straight_a of_o weigals_n flow_v down_o from_o the_o river_n oby_n and_o jenesre_n and_o several_a other_o 7._o as_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o some_o piece_n of_o ice_n they_o seem_v almost_o incredible_a the_o dutch_a in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n take_v notice_n of_o one_o 96_o foot_n high_a and_o capt._n james_n have_v meet_v with_o some_o as_o deep_a under_o water_n beside_o what_o float_v above_o and_o some_o much_o high_a and_o purchas_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 18._o p._n 837._o tell_v we_o of_o a_o mountain_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 140_o fathom_n high_a as_o for_o the_o length_n of_o these_o piece_n of_o ice_n all_o that_o i_o can_v meet_v with_o be_v a_o observation_n of_o capt._n james_n who_o measure_v a_o piece_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 1000_o pace_n long_o 8._o as_o for_o the_o bigness_n of_o concrete_a piece_n of_o ice_n mr._n hall_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o greenland_n take_v notice_n of_o one_o 24_o mile_n long_o and_o by_o another_o a_o vast_a tract_n of_o ice_n have_v be_v observe_v which_o be_v so_o long_o that_o the_o bound_n of_o it_o can_v not_o be_v discover_v from_o a_o indifferent_a high_a hill_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v what_o the_o french_a hydrographer_n fournier_n relate_v in_o his_o passage_n to_o canada_n that_o he_o meet_v with_o some_o piece_n of_o ice_n as_o big_a as_o mountain_n other_o as_o ship_n and_o one_o 80_o league_n long_o in_o some_o place_n plain_a and_o in_o other_o unequal_a with_o high_a mountain_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 2._o pag._n 384._o say_v neque_fw-la minori_fw-la bellandi_fw-la impetu_fw-la sueci_fw-la &_o gothi_n super_fw-la aperta_fw-la glacie_n quam_fw-la in_o ipsa_fw-la solidissima_fw-la terra_fw-la confligunt_fw-la imò_fw-la ut_fw-la prius_fw-la dictum_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la antea_fw-la aestivo_fw-la tempore_fw-la acerrima_fw-la commissa_fw-la sunt_fw-la bella_fw-la navalia_fw-la iisdem_fw-la in_o locis_fw-la glacie_n concretâ_fw-la aciebus_fw-la militari_fw-la modo_fw-la constructis_fw-la bombardis_n ordinatis_fw-la habentur_fw-la horrendi_fw-la conflictus_fw-la adeò_fw-la solida_fw-la glacies_fw-la est_fw-la in_o equestribus_fw-la turmis_fw-la sufferendis_fw-la ampliter_fw-la vel_fw-la strictè_fw-la collocatis_fw-la and_o it_o be_v know_v to_o we_o all_o that_o not_o long_o since_o the_o king_n of_o sweedland_n and_o his_o whole_a army_n march_v over_o the_o sea_n to_o zeeland_n where_o copenhagen_n the_o capital_a city_n of_o denmark_n stand_v and_o bartholinus_n de_fw-fr nivis_fw-la usu_fw-la take_v notice_n that_o in_o the_o eastern_a region_n the_o sea_n have_v be_v freeze_v a_o considerable_a depth_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o glycas_n apud_fw-la fournier_n lib._n 9_o cap._n 19_o observe_n that_o in_o the_o year_n 775_o the_o mediterranean_a be_v freeze_v for_o 50_o league_n 30_o cubit_n thick_a upon_o which_o as_o much_o snow_n fall_v as_o raise_v it_o 30_o cubit_n above_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n 9_o to_o what_o instance_n we_o have_v already_o recite_v we_o shall_v add_v that_o of_o the_o dutchman_n in_o their_o voyage_n viz._n that_o some_o piece_n of_o ice_n which_o be_v 18_o fathom_n below_o water_n and_o ten_o above_o be_v very_o blue_a the_o like_a to_o which_o capt._n james_n take_v notice_n of_o and_o virgil_n speak_v of_o the_o frigid_a zone_n say_v caerulea_fw-la glacie_n concreta_fw-la atque_fw-la imbribus_fw-la atris_fw-la 10._o in_o the_o spring_n the_o ice_n be_v observe_v by_o olaus_n magnus_n to_o be_v much_o less_o compact_a than_o in_o the_o winter_n and_o it_o be_v attest_v by_o the_o same_o and_o also_o by_o mr._n james_n hall_n in_o his_o voyage_n that_o when_o these_o rock_n of_o ice_n break_v they_o make_v a_o vast_a noise_n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v by_o other_o and_o though_o olaus_n magnus_n attribute_n the_o cleave_v of_o these_o rock_n of_o ice_n to_o the_o effect_n which_o warm_a exhalation_n have_v upon_o they_o yet_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o sometime_o they_o be_v observe_v to_o fly_v in_o piece_n upon_o excessive_a cold._n particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o xv_o title_n 1._o a_o decoction_n of_o sage_n rosemary_n and_o parsley_n be_v expose_v to_o be_v freeze_v in_o distinct_a vessel_n the_o superficies_n of_o the_o former_a be_v very_o rough_a juice_n of_o lemon_n freeze_v represent_v tree_n without_o leave_n 2._o hard_a ice_n beat_v and_o common_a salt_n be_v mix_v together_o afford_v white_a fume_n like_o smoke_n though_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v in_o a_o close_a room_n snow-water_n freeze_v in_o ice_n and_o salt_n afford_v a_o ice_n very_o transparent_a and_o with_o minute_n bubble_n 3._o ice_n partly_o powder_v and_o in_o part_n gross_o beat_v be_v mix_v with_o bay-salt_n when_o the_o mixture_n be_v stir_v afford_v a_o sensible_a smoke_n which_o be_v great_a or_o less_o as_o the_o mixture_n be_v more_o or_o less_o stir_v and_o float_v over_o the_o brim_n of_o the_o vessel_n rather_o sink_v than_o rise_v just_a as_o the_o fume_n do_v from_o a_o cloth_n dip_v in_o aq._n fortis_fw-la and_o hang_v up_o to_o dry_a 4._o i_o be_o tell_v by_o one_o who_o be_v in_o the_o frigid_a zone_n that_o he_o supply_v himself_o with_o fresh_a water_n from_o the_o ice_n by_o dig_v pit_n in_o it_o and_o the_o same_o person_n tell_v i_o that_o he_o have_v observe_v piece_n of_o ice_n 50_o fathom_v deep_a which_o be_v not_o above_o a_o ten_o part_n above_o water_n he_o likewise_o observe_v near_o the_o coast_n of_o greenland_n the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n to_o be_v 22_o degree_n and_o a_o little_a time_n after_o scarce_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o he_o tell_v i_o further_o that_o sail_v in_o the_o main_a sea_n in_o the_o height_n of_o 77_o degree_n his_o ship_n be_v surround_v with_o ice_n till_o the_o seven_o of_o june_n and_o the_o ice_n open_v he_o fail_v through_o it_o part_v of_o it_o pass_v along_o towards_o hudson_n strait_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o these_o mountain_n of_o ice_n much_o weaken_v the_o strength_n of_o wind_n insomuch_o that_o if_o they_o be_v drive_v near_o they_o by_o a_o storm_n the_o wind_n be_v so_o much_o quash_v that_o they_o immediate_o find_v a_o calm_a title_n xvi_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o duration_n of_o ice_n and_o snow_n and_o the_o destroy_n of_o they_o by_o the_o air_n and_o several_a liquor_n snow_n what_o liquor_n soon_o dissolve_v ice_n and_o
chrystallized_a salt_n appear_v the_o oil_n of_o the_o fruit_n become_v very_o friable_a and_o of_o a_o milky-white_a colour_n but_o the_o train_n oil_n only_o lose_v its_o fluidity_n and_o become_v of_o the_o consistence_n of_o soft_a grease_n and_o the_o same_o night_n a_o bottle_n of_o rhenish_a wine_n and_o another_o of_o strong_a white-wine_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n freeze_v the_o ice_n taste_v weak_a than_o the_o wine_n but_o the_o wine_n be_v several_a time_n freeze_v and_o thaw_v again_o neither_o lose_v any_o thing_n of_o its_o colour_n taste_v or_o strength_n mr._n hook_v show_v i_o a_o oval_a glass_n which_o have_v at_o one_o end_v a_o narrow_a cane_n a_o inch_n long_o in_o which_o water_n tinge_v with_o cochineel_n be_v freeze_v the_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n be_v colourless_a but_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o deep_a tincture_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o like_a in_o flask_n contain_v the_o same_o tincture_n freeze_v flesh_n fish_n egg_n and_o apple_n be_v hold_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o water_n and_o immerse_v in_o it_o be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o mortar_n and_o plaster_n of_o paris_n will_v freeze_v i_o have_v see_v ice_n three_o yard_n thick_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o thames_n the_o water_n which_o flow_v successive_o over_o the_o ice_n be_v freeze_v and_o gradual_o thickening_a it_o and_o i_o have_v freeze_v a_o whole_a flask_n full_a of_o water_n by_o gradual_o pour_v it_o into_o a_o pan_n which_o confirm_v what_o olearius_n say_v of_o make_v huge_a heap_n of_o ice_n to_o preserve_v body_n though_o my_o lord_n verulam_n tell_v we_o that_o egg_n and_o apple_n cover_v with_o a_o wet_a cloth_n will_v not_o freeze_v yet_o i_o have_v not_o observe_v any_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o other_o oil_n of_o animal_n and_o vegetable_a oil_n by_o expression_n subside_o syrup_n freeze_v not_o cold_n affect_v not_o lodestone_n sensible_o in_o their_o operation_n have_v expose_v distil_v water_n of_o plantain_n poppy_n black_a cherry_n nightshade_n scurvygrass_n and_o horseradish_n to_o the_o cold_a in_o order_n to_o make_v a_o standard_n for_o weather-glass_n i_o observe_v that_o the_o black-cherry-water_n be_v freeze_v first_o and_o the_o horseradish_n and_o scurvygrass_n water_n last_o the_o best_a way_n to_o discover_v when_o liquor_n begin_v to_o freeze_v first_o be_v by_o draw_v a_o pin_n through_o the_o surface_n of_o those_o liquor_n chap._n ix_o a_o new_a frigorifick_a experiment_n show_v how_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a may_v be_v sudden_o produce_v without_o the_o help_n of_o snow_n ice_n hail_o wind_n or_o nitre_n any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n comunicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o july_n 18._o 1666._o water_n cold_a produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o sal-armon_a and_o water_n if_o a_o pound_n of_o powder_a sal_fw-la ammoniac_a be_v mix_v gradual_o with_o three_o pint_n of_o water_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v stir_v with_o a_o stick_n or_o a_o whale-bone_n whilst_o the_o salt_n be_v dissolve_v it_o will_v produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n which_o will_v not_o only_o be_v sensible_a to_o the_o touch_n but_o if_o it_o be_v contain_v in_o a_o silver_n tankard_n the_o outside_n of_o it_o will_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o multitude_n of_o little_a drop_n of_o condense_a vapour_n as_o high_a as_o the_o mixture_n reach_v and_o if_o some_o of_o it_o be_v quite_o wipe_v off_o before_o the_o mixture_n have_v lose_v its_o virtue_n it_o will_v again_o be_v cover_v over_o with_o dew_n and_o if_o the_o ball_n of_o a_o seal_a weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v in_o it_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n will_v present_o descend_v low_a than_o it_o do_v in_o common_a water_n and_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o it_o into_o the_o air_n again_o or_o common_a water_n the_o spirit_n will_v manifest_o ascend_v and_o this_o coldness_n be_v more_o or_o less_o last_a as_o the_o season_n of_o the_o air_n contribute_v to_o its_o coldness_n and_o as_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o salt_n in_o proportion_n to_o the_o water_n be_v great_a or_o less_o or_o as_o it_o vary_v in_o goodness_n or_o as_o the_o salt_n be_v put_v in_o in_o grosser_n powder_n and_o more_o leisurely_o and_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a may_v easy_o be_v discover_v by_o frequent_o immerge_v and_o remove_v a_o weatherglass_n out_o of_o it_o into_o water_n and_o from_o the_o latter_a into_o it_o again_o whether_o shall_v ammoniac_a mix_v with_o sand_n or_o earth_n will_v cool_v drink_v better_o than_o without_o when_o the_o mixture_n be_v sprinkle_v with_o water_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o try_v but_o i_o have_v find_v the_o aforementioned_a mixture_n cool_a liquor_n convenient_o enough_o after_o midsummer_n march_n 27._o a_o seal_a weatherglass_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n the_o spirit_n that_o rest_v at_o 8_o 1_o â—_o inch_n descend_v to_o 7_o â—_o 8_o and_o then_o the_o sal-armon_a be_v put_v in_o within_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n it_o descend_v to_o 2_o 1_o â—_o â…™_n inch_n and_o before_o that_o time_n it_o begin_v to_o condense_a the_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o when_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n be_v cold_a water_n place_v thin_a on_o the_o outside_n will_v be_v freeze_v in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o minute_n about_o 3_o â—_o of_o a_o hour_n after_o the_o salt_n be_v put_v in_o the_o tinged_a liquor_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o water_n into_o it_o subside_v a_o inch_n below_o the_o freeze_a mark._n at_o 2_o ½_n hour_n after_o the_o first_o solution_n it_o be_v at_o 5_o ½_n inches_n or_o 4_o ¾_n which_o mark_v the_o liquor_n stand_v at_o in_o hard_a and_o last_a frost_n in_o the_o winter_n three_o hour_n after_o the_o first_o dissolution_n the_o liquor_n stand_v at_o the_o uppermost_a freeze_a mark._n in_o try_v of_o which_o experiment_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o some_o water_n be_v shed_v it_o freeze_v the_o cucurbite_n to_o the_o table_n it_o stand_v on_o in_o another_o experiment_n before_o the_o weatherglass_n be_v put_v in_o it_o stand_v at_o 8_o â…›_n but_o when_o immerse_v in_o water_n it_o sink_v to_o 7_o â…_n or_o 6_o 8_o in_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n in_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n it_o subside_v to_o 7_o ¾_n and_o in_o a_o hour_n below_o 5_o and_o consequent_o within_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o low_a freeze_a mark._n salt_n which_o once_o have_v be_v dissolve_v may_v by_o be_v crystallize_v in_o a_o iron_n vessel_n be_v fit_a for_o use_v again_o so_o march_v 29._o the_o thermoscope_n which_o in_o the_o air_n stand_v at_o 8_o â…ž_n in_o water_n subside_v to_o 8_o and_o in_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n make_v of_o salt_n twice_o use_v before_o it_o subside_v to_o 4_o inch_n but_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o fresh_a water_n it_o rise_v gradual_o chap._n x._o of_o the_o positive_a and_o privative_a nature_n of_o cold._n answer_v argument_n allege_v in_o favour_n of_o its_o positive_a nature_n answer_v before_o i_o proceed_v to_o enumerate_v what_o argument_n may_v be_v allege_v either_o for_o the_o positive_a or_o privative_a nature_n of_o cold_a i_o shall_v brief_o intimate_v that_o the_o word_n cold_a may_v be_v either_o consider_v in_o reference_n to_o the_o effect_n such_o body_n have_v upon_o the_o sensory_a or_o upon_o other_o body_n if_o in_o the_o latter_a then_o in_o frosty_a wether_n the_o sun_n may_v be_v say_v to_o warm_v the_o air_n because_o it_o enable_v it_o to_o melt_v the_o snow_n and_o thaw_v ice_n as_o on_o the_o contrary_a warm_a water_n be_v say_v to_o be_v cold_a in_o respect_n of_o a_o hand_n that_o be_v much_o hot_a argument_n the_o first_o argument_n but_o to_o pass_v on_o to_o argument_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o positive_a nature_n of_o cold_a the_o first_o argument_n allege_v be_v the_o considerable_a effect_n it_o have_v both_o upon_o the_o sensory_a and_o other_o body_n so_o that_o we_o may_v sum_n our_o argument_n up_o in_o the_o word_n of_o gassendus_fw-la two_o sunt_fw-la frigoris_fw-la effectus_fw-la quales_fw-la habere_fw-la privatio_fw-la quae_fw-la actionis_fw-la est_fw-la incapax_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o heat_n and_o cold_a depend_v only_o on_o a_o great_a or_o less_o degree_n of_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n than_o those_o about_o our_o sensory_a and_o all_o perception_n be_v carry_v to_o and_o distinguish_v in_o the_o brain_n and_o be_v various_a as_o that_o motion_n be_v different_a and_o it_o be_v likewise_o consider_v that_o when_o one_o body_n communicate_v motion_n to_o another_o it_o lose_v of_o its_o own_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o when_o i_o take_v a_o piece_n of_o ice_n into_o my_o hand_n and_o it_o be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o motion_n communicate_v to_o its_o part_n the_o motion_n which_o the_o humour_n in_o my_o hand_n lose_v by_o put_v
the_o root_n be_v impel_v into_o it_o and_o thence_o convey_v into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v convey_v in_o the_o form_n of_o sap_n which_o pass_v through_o new_a strainer_n receive_v alteration_n requisite_a to_o turn_v it_o into_o wood_n bark_n leaves_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o young_a thrive_a animal_n it_o can_v be_v imagine_v how_o the_o nourishment_n shall_v be_v convey_v to_o all_o the_o part_n without_o suppose_v they_o furnish_v with_o pore_n for_o its_o reception_n and_o passage_n another_o argument_n of_o the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n body_n may_v be_v bring_v from_o the_o plenty_n of_o humour_n carry_v off_o by_o sweat_n and_o insensible_a transpiration_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o good_a microscope_n we_o may_v discern_v pore_n in_o the_o skin_n of_o animal_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o inward_a side_n of_o glove_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o skin_n dress_v and_o they_o be_v further_a evident_a since_o quicksilver_n ready_o pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o sheep_n skin_n and_o leave_v the_o dross_n behind_o in_o the_o leather_n and_o the_o like_a i_o have_v try_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o a_o man_n arm_n tan_v which_o pore_n according_a to_o steno_n and_o malpighius_n be_v the_o excretory_a vessel_n of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la miliares_n contain_v in_o the_o skin_n and_o that_o the_o skin_n and_o shell_n of_o egg_n be_v not_o void_a of_o pore_n appear_v since_o the_o moisture_n contain_v be_v so_o far_o dissipate_v through_o they_o as_o to_o diminish_v their_o weight_n and_o sanctorius_n in_o his_o medicina_fw-la statica_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o if_o the_o meat_n and_o drink_v take_v one_o day_n amount_v to_o eight_o pound_n five_o pound_n will_v be_v carry_v off_o by_o insensible_a transpiration_n and_o he_o elsewhere_o say_v that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o four_o hour_n â—n_o the_o winter_n time_n a_o healthful_a body_n may_v exhale_v fifty_o ounce_n or_o more_o a_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v carry_v off_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o membrane_n of_o the_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la and_o if_o one_o finger_n in_o hot_a wether_n be_v hold_v to_o the_o surface_n of_o any_o cold_a body_n it_o will_v present_o be_v sully_v over_o with_o the_o steam_v that_o issue_n out_o of_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o skin_n and_o their_o porosity_n be_v further_o confirm_v by_o observe_v how_o soon_o those_o black_a and_o blue_a spot_n in_o the_o skin_n occasion_v by_o bruise_n be_v remove_v for_o which_o use_n helmont_n employ_v white_a bryony_n root_n and_o i_o have_v see_v a_o poultess_n of_o chap_a hyssop_n and_o fresh_a butter_n remove_v the_o pain_n and_o black_a colour_n of_o a_o contusion_n in_o a_o little_a time_n and_o not_o only_o the_o skin_n but_o the_o membrane_n of_o body_n be_v stock_v with_o pore_n since_o the_o bladder_n of_o a_o dead_a animal_n appear_v to_o be_v full_a of_o they_o for_o if_o salt_n of_o tartar_n be_v put_v into_o a_o bladder_n and_o it_o be_v then_o immerse_v in_o water_n enough_o of_o it_o will_v penetrate_v the_o bladder_n to_o dissolve_v the_o salt_n and_o render_v it_o liquid_a and_o the_o like_v succeed_v but_o much_o more_o slow_o when_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o sugar_n and_o some_o say_v that_o syrup_n make_v this_o way_n instead_o of_o use_v ordinary_a water_n be_v much_o more_o preferable_a and_o as_o a_o further_a instance_n of_o the_o porosity_n of_o the_o shell_n of_o egg_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o one_o have_v be_v immerse_v in_o very_o sharp_a vinegar_n though_o the_o shell_n be_v part_n of_o it_o consume_v yet_o be_v take_v out_o and_o wipe_v it_o be_v considerable_o swell_v and_o heavy_a than_o before_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v imbibe_v and_o insinuate_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o and_o i_o be_o not_o only_o tell_v that_o the_o chineses_n have_v a_o way_n of_o salt_a egg_n but_o i_o find_v by_o coat_v one_o over_o with_o clay_n after_o it_o have_v lie_v some_o time_n in_o brine_n the_o substance_n contain_v taste_v evident_o salt_n and_o i_o know_v a_o physician_n who_o be_v affect_v with_o a_o giddiness_n upon_o the_o use_n of_o clyster_n of_o sack_n and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o have_v apply_v tobacco_n to_o the_o sore_a leg_n of_o one_o of_o his_o patient_n it_o cause_v her_o stomach_n to_o turn_v or_o actual_a vomit_v and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o he_o use_v to_o vomit_v himself_o by_o apply_v decoction_n of_o tobacco_n to_o his_o wrist_n or_o other_o extreme_a part_n and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a custom_n to_o purge_v child_n by_o the_o application_n of_o external_a thing_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o bathe_v the_o sore_a head_n of_o child_n with_o a_o decoction_n of_o tobacco_n have_v cause_v a_o giddiness_n and_o a_o virtuoso_fw-la tell_v i_o that_o have_v take_v another_o by_o the_o hand_n which_o be_v gentle_o besmear_v with_o oil_n it_o give_v he_o three_o or_o four_o stool_n present_o and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v of_o the_o porosity_n of_o membrane_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o aptness_n of_o lute-string_n to_o imbibe_n into_o their_o pore_n moist_a particle_n and_o also_o the_o metastasis_n or_o translation_n of_o morbific_a matter_n in_o disease_a body_n as_o the_o matter_n which_o cause_v a_o fever_n be_v discharge_v upon_o the_o brain_n cause_v a_o delirium_fw-la and_o other_o distemper_n as_o it_o be_v discharge_v upon_o the_o pleura_fw-la the_o membrane_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o throat_n or_o gut_n another_o argument_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o animal_n body_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o their_o aptness_n to_o imbibe_n effluvia_fw-la from_o without_o as_o when_o cantharides_n external_o apply_v affect_v the_o bladder_n to_o which_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o plaster_n and_o ointment_n and_o pericarpia_n for_o i_o have_v often_o cure_v ague_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o â—â—â—ians_n hop_n and_o bay-salt_n and_o it_o be_v vulgar_o know_v that_o mercury_n external_o use_v in_o ointment_n will_v salivate_v to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o periapta_n and_o appensa_fw-la of_o bloodstone_n in_o stop_v of_o hemorragy_n and_o of_o another_o kind_n of_o stone_n make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o indian_n in_o obstructione_fw-la menstruum_fw-la and_o i_o have_v find_v myself_o that_o the_o moss_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n skull_n will_v stop_v a_o hemorrhage_n as_o soon_o as_o warm_v by_o the_o contiguous_a skin_n and_o zwelfer_n tell_v we_o of_o one_o who_o preserve_v several_a from_o the_o plague_n by_o use_v helmont_n troch_v of_o toad_n in_o annulet_n and_o several_a of_o these_o troche_n be_v put_v upon_o the_o plague_n sore_n of_o the_o infect_a they_o be_v afterward_o cure_v by_o the_o use_n of_o vulgar_a remedy_n and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v draw_v a_o spirit_n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o flower_n of_o brimstone_n powder_v salarmoniack_a and_o good_a quicklime_n in_o equal_a quantity_n by_o degree_n of_o fire_n in_o a_o retort_n till_o the_o sand_n be_v red_a hot_a if_o a_o piece_n of_o copper_n be_v fold_v up_o in_o sheep_n leather_n and_o hold_v over_o the_o vial_n it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o metal_n will_v be_v tinge_v with_o the_o rise_a fume_n without_o discolour_v the_o leather_n and_o the_o same_o will_v succeed_v only_o more_o slow_o through_o a_o double_a fold_n of_o leather_n and_o all_o the_o alteration_n the_o leather_n receive_v from_o these_o pervade_a fume_n be_v that_o they_o give_v it_o a_o sulphureous_a smell_n and_o this_o experiment_n may_v favour_v the_o account_n we_o have_v of_o the_o effect_n of_o lightning_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o discolour_v the_o money_n in_o man_n pocket_n without_o burn_v they_o and_o the_o same_o effect_n have_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o some_o who_o have_v ascend_v a_o burn_a mountain_n in_o america_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o lamb_n leather_n hang_v up_o in_o the_o air_n acquire_v a_o moisture_n which_o add_v considerable_o to_o its_o weight_n and_o to_o these_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o cantharides_n upon_o some_o that_o only_o carry_v they_o in_o their_o pocket_n the_o effluvium_n of_o they_o have_v cause_v they_o to_o piss_v bloody_a urine_n and_o as_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o body_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o the_o permeate_a liquor_n above_o mention_v have_v the_o like_a effect_n upon_o copper_n through_o the_o tough_a skin_n of_o a_o egg_n and_o likewise_o through_o a_o wet_a sheep_n bladder_n and_o to_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o porousness_n of_o animal_n body_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v a_o long_a time_n a_o perforation_n in_o his_o thorax_n and_o be_v wont_a to_o inject_v medicate_v liquor_n often_o to_o cherish_v the_o part_n and_o likewise_o to_o wear_v a_o silken_a bag_n
the_o temperature_n of_o the_o low_a region_n these_o thing_n in_o short_a be_v premise_v concern_v the_o upper_a region_n i_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o low_a which_o be_v cold_a the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v in_o a_o less_o violent_a agitation_n than_o our_o sensory_a and_o that_o the_o low_a region_n be_v sensible_o cold_a be_v not_o only_a consonant_n to_o reason_n but_o also_o confirm_v by_o the_o observation_n of_o those_o who_o have_v dive_v a_o considerable_a depth_n not_o only_o in_o the_o northern_a sea_n in_o africa_n and_o america_n but_o it_o be_v also_o further_o evince_v by_o what_o be_v common_o practise_v at_o sea_n viz._n to_o let_v down_o bottle_n of_o wine_n into_o the_o sea_n all_o night_n which_o by_o be_v immerse_v in_o the_o water_n will_v acquire_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n and_o i_o be_o also_o inform_v by_o a_o observe_v traveller_n that_o have_v let_v down_o about_o 400_o fathom_n of_o line_n with_o about_o 30_o pound_n of_o lead_n at_o it_o thirty_o five_o degree_n north_n latitude_n beyond_o the_o line_n the_o lead_n when_o draw_v up_o be_v as_o cold_a as_o ice_n from_o which_o instance_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n and_o water_n so_o far_o agree_v that_o the_o part_n of_o they_o be_v put_v into_o motion_n by_o external_n cause_n they_o acquire_v each_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o warmth_n but_o be_v remove_v and_o separate_v from_o those_o cause_n put_v on_o a_o contrary_a quality_n so_o that_o the_o air_n and_o water_n seem_v chief_o in_o this_o respect_n to_o differ_v viz._n in_o their_o invert_v order_n but_o further_o from_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o though_o the_o submarine_n region_n be_v sensible_o cold_a the_o near_a the_o bottom_n yet_o their_o cold_a region_n do_v not_o by_o any_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a phaenomena_n appear_v to_o be_v the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la for_o though_o i_o have_v several_a time_n freeze_a salt-water_n yet_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v the_o least_o ice_n generate_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n since_o from_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o great_a ocean_n 35_o degree_n south_n latitude_n grey_a sand_n have_v be_v bring_v up_o where_o the_o water_n be_v no_o less_o than_o two_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o fathom_v deep_a but_o yet_o there_o be_v one_o caution_n to_o be_v add_v which_o make_v this_o observation_n the_o less_o to_o be_v rely_v on_o which_o be_v that_o one_o reason_n why_o no_o ice_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n may_v be_v the_o unaptitude_n of_o salt-water_n more_o than_o of_o fresh_a to_o be_v congeal_v it_o require_v a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o cold_a to_o freeze_v salt-water_n than_o fresh_a chap._n v._o relation_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n unequal_a the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n very_o rough_a and_o unequal_a that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v usual_o salt_n and_o cold_a be_v a_o very_a common_a observation_n but_o be_v desirous_a to_o be_v more_o nice_o inform_v about_o what_o occur_v in_o that_o region_n i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o several_a who_o have_v in_o long_a voyage_n fathom_v in_o several_a place_n that_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v rough_a with_o considerable_a inequality_n and_o precipice_n so_o that_o in_o a_o small_a space_n a_o little_a depth_n of_o the_o sea_n have_v increase_v to_o a_o hundred_o fathom_n and_o decrease_v as_o sudden_o there_o be_v likewise_o find_v several_a other_o inequality_n and_o hill_n observe_v in_o place_n about_o 30_o or_o 20_o fathom_n deep_a where_o a_o line_n of_o 16_o fathom_n will_v upon_o the_o next_o cast_v require_v 35_o or_o 40_o to_o reach_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o like_a observation_n i_o have_v receive_v from_o several_a experience_a mariner_n among_o which_o i_o transcribe_v the_o follow_a account_n from_o some_o note_n leave_v in_o england_n by_o one_o who_o have_v make_v a_o voyage_n to_o the_o east-indies_n the_o account_n be_v this_o february_n 12._o after_o our_o observation_n see_v the_o ground_n under_o we_o we_o heave_v the_o lead_n and_o have_v but_o 19_o fathom_n rocky_a ground_n then_o hale_v by_o n.n._n e._n the_o wind_n at_o n.w._n and_o find_v our_o water_n to_o shoal_n from_o 19_o to_o 10_o and_o 8_o fathom_n hard_a coral_n ground_n then_o sudden_o deepn_v again_o from_o 8_o to_o 20_o and_o 22_o fathom_v sandy_n ground_n and_o then_o sudden_o see_v rock_n under_o we_o where_o we_o have_v but_o 7_o fathom_n and_o the_o next_o cast_v 14_o fathom_v again_o and_o so_o have_v run_v n._n n._n e._n from_o 6_o in_o the_o morning_n till_o 12_o at_o noon_n about_o 19_o mileswe_n deepn_v our_o water_n from_o 16_o to_o 25_o and_o the_o next_o cast_v no_o ground_n with_o 35_o fathom_n of_o line_n water_n the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o water_n but_o beside_o the_o inequality_n to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v several_a other_o thing_n to_o be_v observe_v among_o which_o the_o gravitation_n of_o the_o water_n be_v remarkable_a and_o though_o it_o be_v dispute_v among_o philosopher_n whether_o there_o be_v such_o gravitation_n or_o not_o yet_o that_o there_o be_v appear_v from_o several_a experiment_n and_o first_o if_o a_o glass-cylind_a with_o one_o end_n open_a be_v immerge_v in_o a_o glass-vessel_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o as_o the_o cylinder_n be_v press_v low_a the_o air_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o water_n will_v be_v squeeze_v high_a and_o high_o the_o water_n rise_v gradual_o below_o it_o in_o the_o cylinder_n and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v by_o several_a person_n who_o have_v dive_v in_o a_o diving-bell_n not_o only_o in_o the_o northern_a sea_n but_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o as_o the_o bell_n go_v deep_a and_o deep_o the_o air_n become_v more_o compress_v and_o the_o water_n according_o rise_v high_o and_o high_o in_o the_o bell._n and_o sometime_o the_o pressure_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v so_o powerful_a that_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o one_o who_o let_v down_o a_o glass-vial_n into_o the_o sea_n near_o the_o straight_n mouth_n that_o have_v let_v it_o sink_v about_o 40_o fathom_n it_o be_v burst_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o outward_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n to_o which_o he_o add_v that_o have_v let_v down_o a_o aeolipile_n of_o metal_n and_o sink_v it_o about_o 60_o fathom_n he_o observe_v when_o it_o be_v draw_v up_o that_o the_o side_n be_v in_o several_a place_n bruise_v and_o compress_v by_o the_o violent_a pressure_n of_o the_o water_n storm_n the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o disturb_v in_o storm_n another_o thing_n observable_a in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v that_o though_o the_o violence_n of_o storm_n may_v disturb_v it_o where_o it_o be_v shallow_a yet_o where_o it_o be_v considerable_o deep_a the_o near_a the_o bottom_n the_o more_o calm_a and_o undisturbed_a it_o be_v and_o this_o have_v be_v confirm_v 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bengala_n former_o call_v sinus_n gangeticus_n and_o it_o have_v elsewhere_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o considerable_a storm_n the_o sea_n have_v not_o be_v disturb_v over_o the_o depth_n of_o 4_o fathom_n stagnate_v the_o water_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o sea_n almost_o stagnate_v and_o to_o these_o observation_n i_o may_v add_v have_v i_o sufficient_a evidence_n to_o build_v upon_o that_o have_v inquire_v whether_o upon_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o tide_n the_o motion_n of_o the_o water_n be_v continue_v to_o the_o bottom_n i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o some_o that_o it_o do_v almost_o stagnate_n and_o by_o other_o that_o the_o current_n of_o the_o water_n above_o be_v different_a from_o the_o tendency_n of_o that_o below_o but_o not_o to_o rely_v upon_o these_o relation_n
into_o a_o bottle_n and_o immerse_v the_o end_n of_o a_o glass_n tube_n a_o little_a below_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o which_o be_v about_o 3_o foot_n long_o the_o interstice_n betwixt_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bottle_n and_o the_o pipe_n be_v fill_v with_o cement_n see_v plate_n 6._o fig._n 2._o and_o the_o whole_a be_v convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n 2._o see_v plat._n 6_o fig._n 2._o and_o because_o the_o pipe_n be_v too_o long_o to_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o receiver_n another_o make_v of_o white_a glass_n be_v cement_v upon_o the_o former_a to_o the_o middle_n of_o who_o cavity_n the_o upper_a end_n of_o the_o pipe_n extend_v so_o that_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o rise_a water_n have_v more_o space_n to_o move_v in_o when_o the_o pump_n be_v set_v on_o work_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o upon_o the_o first_o exsuction_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v take_v off_o that_o contain_v in_o the_o bottle_n expanded_a itself_o so_o powerful_o as_o to_o raise_v the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n with_o such_o force_n that_o it_o fly_v violent_o against_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n but_o as_o the_o air_n in_o the_o bottle_n be_v leisurely_o expanded_a and_o come_v near_o to_o a_o aequilibrium_fw-la with_o that_o in_o the_o receiver_n the_o spring_n of_o that_o in_o the_o bottle_n be_v less_o powerful_a the_o water_n in_o the_o tube_n gradual_o cease_v in_o its_o ascent_n unless_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o external_a air_n be_v take_v off_o by_o a_o fresh_a exsuction_n in_o which_o experiment_n the_o follow_a particular_n be_v to_o be_v note_v first_o that_o as_o the_o upper_a orifice_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v narrow_a the_o water_n will_v rise_v slow_a and_o the_o experiment_n will_v be_v long_o continue_v second_o if_o a_o pipe_n be_v cement_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n and_o branch_a out_o into_o several_a small_a one_o with_o pin-hole_n in_o the_o end_v of_o they_o the_o water_n will_v fly_v out_o as_o out_o of_o artificial_a 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of_o the_o tube_n and_o several_a bubble_n get_v through_o the_o water_n join_v themselves_o with_o the_o air_n in_o the_o bottle_n but_o what_o be_v more_o strange_a be_v that_o when_o the_o receiver_n have_v be_v take_v off_o a_o considerable_a time_n several_a bubble_n of_o air_n continue_v to_o make_v their_o way_n through_o the_o water_n as_o if_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n be_v before_o expanded_a can_v not_o be_v bring_v again_o to_o its_o former_a state_n of_o compression_n but_o like_o a_o balance_n put_v in_o motion_n continue_v several_a successive_a vibration_n resist_v each_o impress_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n but_o the_o chief_a remark_n in_o this_o experiment_n be_v that_o the_o salient_a water_n in_o the_o receiver_n form_v several_a large_a line_n some_o of_o which_o be_v parabolical_a when_o the_o receiver_n be_v pretty_a well_o exhaust_v experiment_n v._o about_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n by_o attraction_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o some_o learned_a man_n that_o the_o incalescence_n of_o solid_a body_n depend_v on_o the_o attrition_n or_o violent_a agitation_n of_o the_o intercept_a air_n to_o try_v how_o far_o this_o may_v be_v true_a i_o cause_v a_o strong_a spring_n of_o iron_n or_o steel_n see_v plate_n the_o six_o 3._o see_v plate_n 6._o fig._n 3._o fig._n 3._o figure_v much_o like_o the_o lathe_n of_o a_o cross-bow_n to_o be_v fix_v to_o a_o staple_n trencher_n on_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o spring_n be_v fix_v a_o concave_a piece_n of_o brass_n like_o a_o burning-glass_n about_o 2_o inch_n diameter_n and_o moderate_o slender_a to_o the_o concave_a superficies_n of_o which_o be_v fix_v a_o convex_a piece_n of_o the_o same_o metal_n which_o have_v a_o square_a handle_n on_o the_o upper_a part_n to_o which_o be_v fix_v a_o square_a piece_n of_o wood_n the_o other_o end_v be_v fix_v to_o the_o basis_n of_o a_o wooden_a pillar_n make_v use_v instead_o of_o our_o vertical_a cylinder_n and_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o this_o pillar_n be_v fix_v to_o the_o turn-key_n be_v of_o such_o a_o size_n that_o when_o the_o stopple_n be_v depress_v into_o the_o socket_n make_v in_o the_o brass_n cover_v the_o concave_a and_o convex_a superficies_n of_o the_o two_o piece_n of_o brass_n contain_v betwixt_o the_o wooden_a pillar_n and_o the_o spring_n be_v squeeze_v together_o and_o the_o spring_n in_o some_o measure_n expanded_a all_o thing_n be_v thus_o provide_v and_o a_o mercurial_a gange_n convey_v into_o the_o receiver_n a_o wimble_n be_v fix_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stopple_n which_o be_v turn_v round_o for_o some_o time_n and_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v out_o of_o the_o receiver_n we_o present_o take_v off_o the_o cover_n and_o perceive_v that_o the_o contiguous_a superficies_n of_o the_o piece_n of_o brass_n betwixt_o which_o we_o have_v lay_v some_o powder_a amel_n to_o make_v they_o move_v more_o easy_o one_o upon_o another_o be_v sensible_o warm_a and_o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v a_o second_o time_n and_o the_o air_n so_o far_o exhaust_v that_o the_o mercury_n be_v no_o further_o depress_v they_o grow_v so_o hot_a that_o i_o can_v scarce_o endure_v to_o touch_v they_o and_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o warmth_n succeed_v when_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o two_o piece_n of_o wood_n the_o one_o of_o oak_n and_o the_o other_o of_o beech._n from_o which_o experiment_n it_o appear_v that_o attrition_n of_o solid_n may_v cause_v a_o considerable_a warmth_n when_o the_o air_n betwixt_o their_o superficies_n be_v exhaust_v experiment_n vi_o about_o the_o disjoyn_v of_o two_o marble_n not_o otherwise_o to_o be_v separate_v without_o a_o considerable_a weight_n upon_o a_o removal_n of_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o receiver_n have_v several_a time_n suspend_v two_o flat_a polish_v marble_n who_o contiguous_a superficies_n be_v moisten_v with_o oil_n to_o keep_v the_o air_n from_o get_v in_o betwixt_o they_o upon_o a_o considerable_a exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n they_o will_v sometime_o fall_v asunder_o in_o the_o receiver_n at_o the_o eighteen_o suction_n and_o sometime_o at_o the_o eight_o though_o a_o pound_n weight_n be_v only_o suspend_v at_o the_o low_a yet_o in_o the_o open_a air_n where_o they_o be_v compress_v by_o the_o ambient_fw-la atmosphere_n they_o be_v able_a to_o sustain_v 80_o pound_n without_o separate_n but_o have_v provide_v a_o receiver_n with_o a_o brass_n conver_n see_v plate_n 6._o fig._n 4._o and_o suspend_v two_o contiguous_a marble_n in_o it_o 4._o see_v plate_n 6._o fig._n 4._o with_o a_o weight_n of_o a_o few_o ounce_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o low_a the_o string_n which_o suspend_v they_o be_v fix_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o brass_n stopple_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o cover_n by_o turn_v the_o stopple_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n shorten_v the_o string_n the_o marble_n be_v raise_v up_o in_o the_o receiver_n but_o upon_o draw_v out_o the_o air_n they_o present_o fall_v asunder_o yet_o have_v so_o contrive_v the_o matter_n that_o the_o low_a shall_v not_o fall_v too_o far_o the_o other_o be_v let_v down_o to_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o readmission_n of_o the_o air_n they_o be_v so_o close_o compress_v together_o again_o that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v separate_v as_o easy_o as_o before_o yet_o if_o by_o turn_v the_o stopple_n the_o uppermost_a be_v raise_v before_o the_o air_n be_v let_v in_o it_o will_v leave_v the_o lowermost_a behind_o it_o experiment_n vii_o a_o way_n to_o break_v flat_a glass_n speedy_o by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o round_a figure_n of_o a_o body_n enable_v it_o to_o resist_v a_o more_o violent_a pressure_n from_o the_o atmosphere_n than_o body_n otherwise_o shape_v
experiment_n may_v be_v for_o to_o help_v mariner_n to_o transport_v fresh_a meat_n and_o fruit_n the_o reader_n may_v judge_v article_n xviii_o experiment_n concern_v elixation_n and_o distillation_n in_o vacuo_fw-la experiment_n i._n dec._n 12._o 78._o vacuo_fw-la beef_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o reciver_n large_a enough_o to_o contain_v 22_o ounce_n of_o water_n have_v 2_o ounce_n and_o 6_o drachm_n of_o beef_n in_o it_o be_v immerse_v 3_o hour_n in_o boil_a water_n and_o then_o lest_o to_o cool_v all_o night_n i_o find_v by_o the_o help_n of_o our_o pneumatick_a engine_n that_o the_o air_n form_v in_o the_o receiver_n be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v up_o 3_o digit_n of_o mercury_n so_o that_o by_o deduct_v from_o the_o calculation_n one_o may_v learn_v that_o flesh_n whilst_o boil_v can_v generate_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o air_n to_o cause_v a_o entire_a pressure_n in_o a_o receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o hold_v a_o double_a weight_n of_o water_n that_o be_v a_o pound_n of_o flesh_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n capable_a of_o contain_v 2_o ounce_n of_o water_n will_v not_o yield_v air_n enough_o to_o sever_v the_o receiver_n from_o the_o cover_n without_o the_o help_n of_o heat_n experiment_n ii_o dec._n 23._o three_o ounce_n of_o beef_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o contain_v 32_o ounce_n of_o water_n when_o it_o have_v boil_v long_o separate_v the_o receiver_n from_o the_o cover_n so_o that_o vapour_n get_v out_o the_o receiver_n be_v close_o again_o it_o be_v a_o good_a while_n before_o the_o cover_n and_o it_o be_v sever_v a_o second_o time_n if_o the_o fire_n be_v strong_a enough_o sweet_a exhalation_n continual_o make_v their_o way_n out_o dec._n 24._o the_o receiver_n be_v cool_a be_v almost_o whole_o evacuate_v by_o the_o pneumatick_a engine_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o receiver_n and_o its_o cover_n be_v not_o separate_v by_o air_n which_o be_v able_a to_o continue_v in_o that_o form_n but_o by_o violent_a exhalation_n which_o when_o resist_v fall_v back_o and_o condense_a in_o the_o receiver_n so_o that_o if_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o too_o violent_a the_o avolition_n of_o those_o steam_n may_v easy_o be_v prevent_v experiment_n iii_o jan._n 21._o 79._o vacuo_fw-la paste_n without_o leaven_n in_o vacuo_fw-la pass_v without_o leaven_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o in_o another_o receiver_n with_o common_a air_n and_o both_o of_o these_o shut_v up_o with_o a_o screw_n in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la i_o leave_v they_o there_o 3_o hour_n and_o then_o after_o they_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o a_o moderate_a fire_n i_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v open_v the_o paste_n in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v red_a on_o its_o superficies_n the_o other_o be_v not_o boil_v enough_o therefore_o both_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o b._n m._n all_o night_n jan._n 22._o the_o paste_n be_v take_v out_o be_v sufficient_o boil_v but_o have_v no_o crust_n that_o in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v full_a of_o cavity_n and_o insipid_a the_o other_o be_v well_o taste_v and_o of_o a_o close_a body_n both_o receiver_n be_v void_a of_o air._n experiment_n iu._n feb._n 3._o 79._o when_o leaven_v paste_n have_v fill_v a_o receiver_n full_a of_o air_n it_o be_v remove_v into_o another_o upon_o which_o it_o stink_v yet_o when_o it_o be_v in_o a_o hot_a balneo_fw-la m._n 3_o hour_n bread_n be_v make_v of_o it_o full_a of_o hole_n but_o without_o a_o crust_n feb._n 5._o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v without_o remove_v the_o paste_n from_o one_o receiver_n to_o another_o and_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n the_o bread_n make_v of_o it_o be_v much_o light_a than_o the_o former_a experiment_n v._n feb._n 12._o vacuo_fw-la rosemary_n and_o water_n distil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la rosemary_n and_o water_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o instrument_n contrive_v to_o distil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la that_o be_v place_v in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la it_o yield_v a_o water_n which_o have_v a_o sweet_a smell_n as_o also_o some_o drop_n of_o essential_a oil_n well_o scent_v and_o clear_a from_o any_o empyreuma_n but_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v open_v to_o let_v in_o air_n the_o noise_n which_o the_o air_n rush_v in_o cause_v be_v soon_o over_o so_o that_o i_o judge_v the_o rosemary_n have_v afford_v a_o good_a deal_n of_o air._n feb._n 13._o the_o same_o rosemary_n be_v again_o expose_v to_o a_o more_o violent_a fire_n it_o only_o yield_v a_o water_n less_o odoriferous_a than_o the_o former_a experiment_n vi._n feb._n 10._o 79._o vacuo_fw-la flesh_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o pound_n of_o flesh_n be_v boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la with_o 4_o pound_n of_o water_n and_o in_o 3_o hour_n the_o mercury_n in_o a_o gage_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o raise_v above_o 3_o inch_n it_o taste_v ill_a as_o also_o the_o liquor_n which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o condense_v vapour_n it_o be_v not_o boil_v enough_o feb._n 11._o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v the_o flesh_n be_v first_o sprinkle_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n the_o mercury_n ascend_v 6_o inch_n in_o the_o same_o time_n that_o before_o it_o be_v raise_v 3_o it_o taste_v well_o and_o the_o liquor_n form_v of_o the_o vapour_n taste_v strong_a of_o pepper_n these_o vessel_n seem_v proper_a to_o distil_v body_n that_o be_v very_o thin_a and_o volatile_a in_o article_n xix_o concern_v elixation_n in_o vessel_n stop_v with_o screw_n by_o who_o help_n hartshorn_n and_o the_o bone_n of_o fish_n and_o fourfooted_a creature_n may_v be_v soften_v experiment_n i._n jan._n 29._o m._n beef_n boil_v in_o b._n m._n beef_n boil_v in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la eight_o or_o nine_o hour_n in_o a_o vessel_n stop_v with_o a_o screw_n have_v a_o very_a unpleasant_a taste_n after_o i_o boil_a beef_n season_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n 3_o hour_n and_o it_o taste_v very_o pleasant_a beef_n that_o be_v not_o so_o season_v be_v boil_v 3_o hour_n taste_v well_o so_o that_o i_o conjecture_v that_o the_o first_o flesh_n be_v spoil_v with_o over-boiling_a when_o the_o flesh_n be_v not_o season_v vapour_n gather_v in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o condense_v taste_v unpleasant_a experiment_n ii_o jan._n 29._o apple_n boil_v 2_o hour_n be_v soft_a and_o well_o taste_v but_o some_o piece_n impregnate_v with_o the_o condense_v vapour_n which_o be_v of_o a_o ungrateful_a smell_n have_v acquire_v a_o less_o acceptable_a taste_n experiment_n iii_o feb._n 4._o receiver_n season_n flesh_n enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n flesh_n close_o compress_v and_o season_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n stop_v with_o a_o screw_n that_o be_v keep_v hot_a in_o balneo_fw-la a_o hour_n in_o which_o time_n the_o flesh_n be_v alittle_o over_o boil_a when_o the_o balneum_fw-la be_v open_v all_o the_o water_n break_v out_o feb._n 5._o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n shut_v up_o with_o a_o screw_n march_n 12._o the_o flesh_n be_v very_o good_a elixation_n by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o perfect_a contribute_v the_o more_o to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o fermentation_n see_v art_n xviii_o exp._n xii_o xx._n experiment_n iu._n feb._n 10._o vacuo_fw-la cow-heel_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o cow-heel_n be_v boil_v four_o hour_n over_o a_o moderate_a fire_n be_v so_o soft_a that_o the_o bone_n may_v be_v eat_v like_o cheese_n feb._n 12._o a_o cow-heel_n be_v boil_v 12_o hour_n taste_v empyreumatical_a and_o the_o juice_n will_v not_o coagulate_v so_o that_o hard_a bone_n and_o tendon_n in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la may_v become_v good_a nourishment_n experiment_n v._n feb._n 10._o a_o fish_n boil_v in_o b._n m._n 2_o hour_n taste_v well_o and_o the_o bone_n be_v very_o soft_a the_o juice_n harden_v present_o into_o a_o jelly_n of_o a_o firm_a consistence_n this_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o boil_v fish_n that_o be_v full_a of_o bones_o experiment_n vi._n feb._n 5._o vacuo_fw-la hearts-horn_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la hartshorn_n boil_v 4_o hour_n be_v very_o soft_a like_o cheese_n and_o the_o juice_n present_o harden_v into_o a_o jelly_n feb._n 17._o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v the_o hartshorn_n be_v boil_v 6_o hour_n and_o grow_v very_o soft_a the_o juice_n get_v out_o of_o it_o harden_v into_o a_o jelly_n and_o stick_v to_o the_o outside_n of_o it_o these_o experiment_n may_v be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o mariner_n since_o by_o they_o they_o may_v learn_v how_o to_o boil_v their_o meat_n with_o out_o consume_v fresh_a water_n which_o may_v be_v keep_v for_o other_o more_o cogent_a occasion_n chap._n iu._n new_a experiment_n about_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la several_a substance_n include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o piece_n of_o roast_a rabbit_n be_v preserve_v in_o vacuo_fw-la above_o
receiver_n so_o far_o that_o but_o one_o part_n of_o twenty_o of_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o and_o then_o we_o observe_v the_o follow_a particular_n first_o the_o water_n except_o about_o the_o fish_n afford_v no_o froth_n and_o but_o few_o bubble_n second_o the_o fish_n discharge_v several_a bubble_n at_o its_o mouth_n and_o gills_o and_o several_a after_o it_o rest_v half_a a_o hour_n stick_v to_o its_o fin_n and_o tail_n and_o other_o part_n these_o bubble_n by_o swim_v will_v be_v shake_v off_o but_o upon_o a_o little_a rest_n they_o will_v appear_v about_o he_o again_o three_o except_o at_o the_o latter_a end_n he_o seem_v to_o take_v in_o air_n at_o his_o mouth_n and_o gills_o four_o after_o a_o while_n he_o lay_v on_o his_o back_n and_o will_v swim_v in_o that_o posture_n five_o in_o some_o time_n he_o move_v more_o lively_a than_o at_o first_o a_o hour_n and_o half_a after_o he_o be_v include_v he_o seem_v clear_a of_o bubble_n but_o lay_v on_o his_o back_n and_o be_v a_o little_a tumid_a yet_o as_o lively_a as_o before_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o ¼_n after_o he_o be_v without_o motion_n and_o stiff_a yet_o be_v excite_v by_o motion_n he_o move_v a_o little_a air_n be_v let_v into_o the_o receiver_n whilst_o he_o be_v under_o water_n he_o sink_v to_o the_o bottom_n and_o seem_v a_o little_a revive_v and_o be_v convey_v along_o with_o the_o water_n into_o a_o basin_n of_o fresh_a water_n he_o be_v further_o recover_v yet_o can_v not_o lie_v on_o his_o belly_n but_o turn_v from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o his_o belly_n seem_v much_o shrink_v he_o be_v alive_a at_o 24_o hour_n end_n and_o then_o be_v able_a to_o lie_v on_o his_o belly_n title_n viii_o of_o two_o animal_n include_v with_o large_a wound_n in_o the_o abdomen_fw-la in_o the_o pneumatical_a receiver_n experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la abird_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o small_a bird_n who_o abdomen_fw-la be_v open_v tranvers_o in_o about_o a_o minute_n after_o we_o begin_v to_o pump_n have_v convulsion_n in_o its_o wing_n and_o be_v take_v out_o be_v past_o recover_v though_o there_o be_v very_o little_a alteration_n in_o its_o lung_n and_o the_o auricles_n of_o its_o heart_n continue_v to_o beat_v experiment_n ii_o vacuo_fw-la a_o frog_n in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o frog_n who_o abdomen_fw-la be_v so_o much_o open_v that_o two_o curl_a lobe_n of_o its_o lung_n come_v out_o at_o the_o incision_n be_v suspend_v by_o the_o leg_n in_o a_o small_a receiver_n which_o when_o it_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n exhaust_v lie_v void_a of_o motion_n its_o abdomen_fw-la and._n thigh_n be_v swell_v very_o much_o as_o if_o distend_v with_o some_o airy_a vapour_n one_o lobe_n when_o the_o frog_n be_v shut_v up_o appear_v full_a the_o other_o shrink_v up_o and_o thus_o they_o continue_v till_o air_n be_v let_v into_o the_o receiver_n again_o and_o then_o the_o body_n grow_v less_o tumid_a and_o the_o lobe_n of_o the_o lung_n which_o be_v tumid_a subside_v it_o present_o recover_v title_n ix_o of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o separate_a heart_n of_o a_o cold_a animal_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la the_o heart_n of_o a_o eel_n in_o vacuo_fw-la the_o heart_n of_o a_o eel_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n upon_o a_o tin_n plate_n beat_v as_o in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o the_o receiver_n be_v exhaust_v grow_v tumid_a emit_v several_a bubble_n out_o of_o it_o yet_o it_o continue_v to_o beat_v as_o fast_o or_o fast_o than_o in_o the_o open_a air._n the_o like_a success_n we_o have_v with_o another_o experiment_n ii_o the_o heart_n of_o another_o though_o tumid_a beat_v a_o hour_n in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o then_o begin_v to_o fail_v i_o apply_v heat_n to_o the_o glass_n upon_o which_o it_o renew_v and_o continue_v its_o motion_n another_o hour_n at_o which_o time_n it_o be_v motion_n be_v renew_v by_o apply_v of_o heat_n a_o second_o time_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o hour_n the_o motion_n which_o be_v but_o a_o tremble_a one_o can_v neither_o be_v promote_v by_o the_o air_n nor_o heat_n title_n x._o a_o comparison_n of_o time_n wherein_o animal_n may_v be_v kill_v by_o drown_v or_o withdraw_v of_o the_o air._n experiment_n i._n sept._n 10._o receiver_n animal_n in_o a_o exhaust_a receiver_n a_o green-finch_n be_v sink_v in_o water_n by_o a_o weight_n be_v dead_a after_o it_o have_v lie_v half_o 0184_o 0108_o five_o 3_o a_o minute_n without_o motion_n experiment_n ii_o a_o sparrow_n which_o at_o the_o first_o move_v very_o vigorous_o under_o water_n be_v take_v up_o after_o it_o have_v lie_v half_a a_o minute_n without_o motion_n be_v past_o recovery_n experiment_n iii_o a_o mouse_n be_v immerse_v half_o a_o minute_n and_o some_o second_o after_o some_o faint_a sign_n of_o life_n though_o not_o convulsive_a die_v experiment_n iu._n a_o duck_n be_v immerse_v by_o a_o weight_n after_o it_o have_v lie_v quiet_a for_o a_o minute_n be_v a_o little_a uneasy_a but_o be_v quiet_a at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o minute_n we_o take_v it_o out_o and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n it_o recover_v but_o be_v immerse_v again_o in_o fresh_a water_n it_o emit_v several_a bubble_n at_o its_o beak_n and_o nostril_n and_o in_o two_o minute_n time_n begin_v to_o struggle_v at_o the_o end_n of_o four_o minute_n cease_v to_o emit_v bubble_n it_o begin_v to_o gape_v which_o continue_v two_o minute_n and_o then_o its_o head_n hang_v careless_o down_o it_o seem_v dead_a be_v take_v out_o a_o minute_n after_o it_o be_v past_a recovery_n experiment_n v._n a_o duckling_n be_v immerse_v with_o its_o beak_n about_o 2_o inch_n under_o water_n emit_v bubble_n at_o its_o beak_n which_o likewise_o arise_v from_o some_o place_n in_o its_o neck_n about_o as_o far_o from_o its_o eye_n as_o from_o its_o ear_n after_o which_o several_a time_n it_o endeavour_v to_o dive_v low_a and_o have_v be_v moderate_o convulse_v hang_v its_o head_n down_o as_o if_o dead_a at_o 3_o minute_n end_n soon_o after_o a_o tremble_a motion_n appear_v in_o some_o part_n of_o its_o bill_n but_o that_o cease_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o four_o minute_n it_o be_v take_v out_o past_a recovery_n experiment_n vi._n a_o viper_n be_v so_o long_o keep_v in_o vacuo_fw-la that_o it_o seem_v dead_a but_o be_v keep_v all_o night_n over_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n in_o a_o glass_n body_n be_v as_o lively_a as_o ever_o then_o we_o immerse_v it_o in_o a_o glass_n body_n stop_v with_o a_o cork_n and_o depress_v with_o a_o weight_n where_o it_o lay_v a_o considerable_a time_n with_o very_o little_a motion_n when_o four_o hour_n be_v almost_o past_a it_o swim_v above_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n and_o have_v several_a time_n put_v out_o its_o tongue_n when_o a_o little_a more_o than_o seven_o hour_n be_v pass_v it_o seem_v dead_a its_o head_n and_o tail_n hang_v down_o without_o motion_n n._n b._n though_o several_a of_o these_o animal_n seem_v to_o die_v a_o little_a soon_o in_o water_n than_o in_o vacuo_fw-la yet_o it_o do_v not_o certain_o prove_v that_o the_o former_a kill_v they_o fast_o for_o in_o water_n they_o be_v deprive_v of_o air_n instant_o in_o a_o receiver_n by_o degree_n which_o be_v evident_a from_o hence_o viz._n that_o have_v provide_v a_o receiver_n which_o can_v be_v exhaust_v at_o one_o suck_v the_o animal_n contain_v in_o it_o will_v be_v dead_a in_o half_a a_o minute_n title_n xi_o of_o the_o accident_n that_o happen_v to_o animal_n in_o air_n bring_v to_o a_o considerable_a degree_n but_o not_o near_o the_o utmost_a one_o of_o rarefaction_n experiment_n i._n aug._n 18._o a_o linote_n be_v 3_o hour_n in_o a_o receiver_n vacuo_fw-la several_a animal_n in_o vacuo_fw-la large_a enough_o to_o hold_v 4_o ½_n pint_n seem_v sick_a but_o be_v take_v out_o recover_v experiment_n ii_o aug._n 18._o a_o linote_n be_v enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n half_o exhaust_v be_v not_o in_o danger_n of_o death_n in_o less_o than_o 1_o ¼_n hour_n and_o then_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n recover_v experiment_n iii_o sept._n 9_o a_o lark_n be_v include_v in_o a_o receiver_n of_o the_o former_a magnitude_n together_o with_o a_o gage_n when_o ¾_n of_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v in_o a_o minute_n and_o half_n be_v take_v with_o convulsion_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o minute_n be_v past_o recovery_n experiment_n iu._n sept._n 9_o a_o green-finch_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o same_o receiver_n half_o exhaust_v in_o a_o minute_n be_v sick_a and_o throw_v matter_n which_o she_o vomit_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n upon_o which_o she_o seem_v better_a and_o continue_v so_o for_o 3_o minute_n and_o then_o be_v sick_a and_o vomit_v as_o before_o she_o eat_v part_n of_o it_o up_o
but_o in_o themselves_o as_o a_o red_a purplish_a or_o blackish_a as_o the_o quantity_n of_o it_o vary_v yet_o it_o be_v use_v to_o free_a glass_n from_o that_o bluish_a green_a colour_n that_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o and_o this_o may_v serve_v to_o confirm_v what_o we_o deliver_v in_o the_o xliv_o experiment_n viz._n that_o as_o the_o part_n of_o a_o pigment_n be_v more_o close_o or_o set_v at_o distance_n the_o colour_n will_v vary_v and_o here_o it_o may_v not_o be_v altogether_o fruitless_a to_o advertise_v that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o good_a way_n of_o try_v oar_n and_o what_o metal_n they_o most_o abound_v with_o to_o try_v what_o colour_n they_o give_v glass_n when_o mix_v in_o a_o due_a proportion_n and_o keep_v in_o fusion_n in_o a_o equal_a degree_n of_o heat_n and_o length_n of_o time_n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o other_o instance_n agreeable_a to_o those_o we_o have_v lay_v down_o yellow_a orpiment_n and_o sea-salt_n sublimed_a together_o constitute_v white_a arsenic_n and_o though_o orpiment_n be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o composition_n yet_o arsenic_n give_v copper_n a_o white_a colour_n within_o and_o without_o in_o counterfeit_v factitious_a gem_n by_o vitrification_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o calcine_v lead_n colliquate_v with_o white_a sand_n or_o crystal_n powder_v by_o successive_a ignition_n and_o extinction_n yield_v a_o decoction_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o german_a amethyst_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o calcine_v lead_v itself_o something_o like_o the_o colour_n of_o such_o a_o amethyst_n and_o with_o glass_n of_o lead_n overpower_v with_o other_o pigment_n you_o may_v emulate_v the_o greenness_n of_o emerald_n though_o in_o several_a case_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o lead_n may_v vitiate_v that_o of_o the_o pigment_n and_o these_o colour_n so_o much_o depend_v upon_o texture_n that_o before_o the_o aforementioned_a mixture_n acquire_v a_o amethistine_a colour_n it_o pass_v through_o several_a intermediate_v colour_n and_o the_o colour_n of_o such_o substance_n may_v be_v so_o much_o vary_v by_o degree_n of_o fire_n that_o i_o have_v have_v a_o mass_n of_o the_o size_n of_o a_o small_a nut_n of_o four_o distinct_a colour_n annotation_n but_o beside_o the_o aformentioned_a way_n by_o which_o metal_n may_v acquire_v adventitious_a colour_n there_o be_v yet_o two_o unmentioned_a for_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o strike_v that_o colour_n term_v a_o bow-dye_a without_o the_o material_n be_v boil_v in_o vessel_n either_o make_v of_o or_o line_v with_o a_o particular_a metal_n the_o other_o way_n of_o die_a body_n be_v with_o the_o solution_n of_o metal_n in_o their_o proper_a menstruum_n so_o gold_n dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la will_v die_v the_o nail_n and_o skin_n and_o haft_n of_o knife_n make_v of_o ivory_n not_o with_o a_o golden_a colour_n but_o a_o purple_a scarce_o ever_o to_o be_v wash_v out_o and_o i_o have_v already_o tell_v you_o that_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n will_v die_v the_o nail_n black_n so_o brine_n colour_n beef_n green_n or_o red_a and_o a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o salt-petre_n and_o common_a salt_n colour_n neat_n tongue_n red_a and_o such_o flesh_n as_o will_v be_v otherwise_o white_a and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o solution_n of_o sulphur_n of_o vitriol_n or_o common_a sulphur_n will_v colour_n silver_n with_o a_o golden_a or_o red_a colour_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o bath_n water_n cause_n that_o effect_v and_o the_o juice_n of_o alcanna_n which_o be_v green_n die_v the_o skin_n and_o nail_n of_o a_o last_a red._n experiment_n xlix_o boil_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o powder_a turmerick_n with_o water_n add_v to_o every_o pound_n of_o water_n two_o spoonsful_a of_o a_o filter_v solution_n of_o pot-ash_n in_o a_o clean_o glaze_v vessel_n till_o by_o immerse_v a_o piece_n of_o paper_n you_o find_v the_o turmerick_n to_o have_v give_v its_o tincture_n then_o drop_v into_o the_o filter_v tincture_n a_o solution_n of_o roach_n allom_n the_o tinged_a part_n be_v curdle_v will_v swim_v up_o and_o down_o in_o flake_n and_o the_o liquor_n will_v pass_v through_o a_o filtre_n clear_a leave_v the_o yellow_a part_n behind_o it_o which_o may_v be_v dulcify_v by_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n but_o this_o vegetable_a lake_n may_v be_v separate_v from_o the_o decant_v liquor_n without_o filtration_n by_o pour_v on_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n for_o than_o it_o will_v either_o swim_v on_o the_o top_n or_o subside_n to_o the_o bottom_n and_o may_v be_v make_v fit_a for_o use_v by_o be_v dulcify_v with_o fresh_a water_n after_o it_o have_v be_v gather_v by_o filtration_n and_o then_o it_o must_v be_v dry_v upon_o a_o cloth_n under_o which_o brick_n chalk_v or_o paper_n be_v place_v to_o imbibe_n the_o moisture_n annotation_n though_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o this_o magistracy_n of_o vegetable_n be_v only_o make_v up_o of_o the_o colour_a part_n of_o the_o plant_n yet_o to_o favour_v the_o contrary_n i_o shall_v represent_v that_o allom_n contain_v a_o stony_a matter_n as_o well_o as_o a_o acid_n spirit_n and_o though_o workman_n in_o the_o make_n of_o it_o use_v a_o sea_n weed_n call_v kelp_n and_o urine_n yet_o natural_a allom_n have_v be_v find_v in_o england_n a_o solution_n of_o which_o by_o a_o affusion_n of_o lixivium_n of_o pot-ash_n will_v depose_v a_o white_a curd_n which_o be_v filter_v will_v leave_v behind_o it_o a_o metalline_a stony_a calx_fw-la very_o white_a little_a bit_n of_o which_o be_v place_v upon_o a_o live_a coal_n will_v neither_o melt_v nor_o fly_v away_o nor_o will_v they_o wash_v away_o in_o hot_a water_n so_o that_o they_o be_v unlikely_a to_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o vegetable_a lake_n by_o ablution_n and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o from_o the_o filter_v liquor_n i_o have_v obtain_v saline_a part_n which_o will_v flame_n at_o a_o candle_n and_o fly_v away_o with_o some_o noise_n and_o i_o have_v obtain_v such_o a_o substance_n from_o allom_n by_o precipitate_v it_o with_o urinous_a salt_n and_o even_a urine_n itself_o so_o that_o sometime_o we_o may_v think_v that_o we_o obtain_v a_o precipitate_v from_o a_o liquor_n when_o it_o be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n yield_v by_o the_o solution_n of_o allom_n make_v use_v of_o to_o precipitate_v it_o the_o abovementioned_a way_n of_o make_v lake_n be_v try_v with_o mad_a it_o yield_v a_o red_a one_o and_o with_o rue_n it_o afford_v one_o of_o the_o same_o colour_n with_o the_o leave_n but_o since_o the_o colour_n be_v extract_v from_o the_o vegetable_a by_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o lixivium_n it_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o the_o lake_n will_v always_o be_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o herb_n since_o lixiviate_v salt_n may_v not_o only_o extract_v but_o alter_v the_o tincture_n of_o vegetable_n and_o though_o acid_v sometime_o do_v yet_o we_o have_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o they_o will_v not_o always_o restore_v colour_n destroy_v by_o alkaly_n since_o syrup_n of_o violet_n turn_v green_a by_o a_o alkaly_n will_v not_o be_v restore_v to_o a_o blue_n by_o a_o acid_n but_o be_v change_v to_o a_o red._n and_o i_o have_v find_v that_o when_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o lake_n be_v not_o alter_v by_o the_o alkaly_n it_o will_v be_v much_o faint_a than_o the_o vegetable_a it_o be_v draw_v from_o but_o to_o conclude_v this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o allom_n be_v not_o only_o of_o use_n in_o such_o like_a experiment_n as_o these_o but_o also_o in_o the_o dyer_n trade_n experiment_n l._n have_v a_o mind_n not_o only_o to_o change_v the_o colour_n of_o one_o body_n into_o another_o but_o also_o to_o obtain_v two_o substance_n of_o distinct_a colour_n from_o one_o body_n in_o order_n to_o it_o i_o consider_v that_o since_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n whole_o lose_v its_o acidity_n by_o work_v upon_o minium_n the_o solution_n will_v alter_v the_o juice_n of_o plant_n as_o oil_n of_o tartar_n usual_o do_v and_o accord_o i_o find_v that_o it_o turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o red_a rose_n leave_v green_n and_o further_o consider_v that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v precipitate_v solution_n of_o mineral_n especial_o in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o that_o the_o calcesare_n usual_o fair_a and_o white_a consider_v these_o thing_n i_o drop_v a_o solution_n of_o minium_n into_o a_o infusion_n of_o rose_n by_o which_o it_o be_v turn_v green_a but_o drop_v on_o that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n it_o will_v precipitate_v the_o lead_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n and_o leave_v in_o the_o liquor_n a_o clear_a and_o high_a tincture_n of_o rose_n which_o appear_v when_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v in_o a_o glass_n shape_v like_o a_o invert_v cone_n and_o this_o experiment_n likewise_o succeed_v when_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v make_v use_n
not_o so_o hard_a as_o common_a ice_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o moscow_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v freeze_v leave_v some_o dissolve_v in_o the_o middle_n which_o be_v much_o strong_a than_o ordinary_a brandy_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o russia_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o have_v wine_n freeze_v french_a brandy_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o russia_n freeze_v and_o salad-oil_n become_v as_o hard_o as_o tallow_n but_o water_n at_o the_o same_o time_n do_v not_o freeze_v title_n iii_o experiment_n touch_v body_n indispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v freeze_v body_n not_o dispose_v to_o freeze_v 1._o the_o subtle_a part_n of_o several_a body_n be_v bring_v over_o by_o distillation_n will_v not_o freeze_v by_o such_o a_o application_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n as_o freeze_v other_o body_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v aquafortis_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n of_o salt_n oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o chemical_a oil_n we_o have_v then_o in_o possession_n spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o of_o other_o fermented_a liquor_n and_o sack_n if_o good_a will_v scarce_o freeze_v but_o the_o inflammable_a part_n be_v spend_v by_o burn_v it_o will_v easy_o freeze_v 2._o two_o drachm_n of_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v dissolve_v in_o a_o ounce_n of_o water_n the_o mixture_n will_v not_o freeze_v though_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v cover_v with_o ice_n at_o another_o time_n a_o strong_a solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n will_v not_o freeze_v though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n salt_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v dissolve_v do_v 3._o that_o common_a express_v oil_n of_o vegetable_n will_v freeze_v after_o their_o manner_n and_o curdle_n in_o cold_a wether_n be_v common_o observe_v yet_o train-oyl_n which_o be_v usual_o make_v of_o the_o fat_a of_o whale_n by_o the_o help_n of_o fire_n continue_v fluid_a in_o wether_n that_o be_v very_o sharp_a but_o in_o a_o excessive_a cold_a night_n it_o lose_v its_o fluidity_n which_o seem_v to_o disfavour_v what_o olaus_n magnus_n write_v who_o say_v that_o in_o the_o northern_a region_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o cast_v train-oyl_n upon_o the_o water_n in_o their_o ditch_n to_o keep_v the_o water_n from_o freeze_a and_o thereby_o unpassable_a the_o oil_n as_o he_o say_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o congeal_v with_o cold_a but_o it_o may_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o inquire_v whether_o the_o train-oyl_n he_o speak_v of_o be_v the_o same_o as_o be_v use_v by_o the_o swede_n laplander_n and_o muscovite_n and_o whether_o they_o have_v a_o different_a way_n in_o keep_v of_o it_o or_o not_o 4._o though_o a_o solution_n of_o sugar_n will_v freeze_v yet_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o sugar_n of_o lead_n will_v not_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n which_o be_v remarkable_a since_o the_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n itself_o will_v freeze_v beside_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v some_o water_n in_o the_o solution_n and_o the_o sugar_n be_v but_o a_o vitriol_n of_o lead_n it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o it_o shall_v not_o freeze_v as_o well_o as_o common_a vitriol_n though_o in_o this_o latter_a concrete_a metal_n be_v corrode_v by_o a_o spirit_n which_o if_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o the_o liquor_n afford_v in_o distillation_n be_v very_o much_o sharp_a and_o strong_a than_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n 5._o quicksilver_n will_v not_o freeze_v in_o the_o sharp_a air_n though_o expose_v to_o it_o in_o very_o thin_a glass_n and_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o a_o little_a quantity_n of_o it_o make_v a_o large_a surface_n 6._o a_o very_a sharp_a frost_n be_v not_o able_a to_o freeze_v a_o strong_a brine_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n other_o saline_a solution_n be_v congeal_v but_o a_o solution_n consist_v of_o twenty_o part_n of_o water_n and_o one_o of_o salt_n be_v freeze_v in_o a_o very_a sharp_a night_n the_o ice_n swim_v at_o the_o top_n in_o figure_n almost_o like_a broom_n spread_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n downward_o the_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o this_o water_n be_v double_a the_o proportion_n of_o that_o which_o be_v usual_o in_o sea-water_n i_o thaw_v ice_n of_o salt-water_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o dissolve_a ice_n will_v be_v fresh_a or_o not_o but_o it_o retain_v a_o little_a brackishness_n which_o i_o suppose_v it_o receive_v from_o the_o contiguous_a brine_n though_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o amsterdam_n they_o make_v use_v of_o thaw_a ice_n instead_o of_o common_a fresh_a water_n in_o brew_v and_o bartholinus_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la cap._n 6._o p._n 42._o say_v de_fw-fr glacie_n ex_fw-la marina_fw-la aqua_fw-la certum_fw-la est_fw-la si_fw-la resolvatur_fw-la salsum_fw-la saporem_fw-la deposuisse_fw-la quod_fw-la etiam_fw-la non_fw-la ità _fw-la pridem_fw-la expertus_fw-la est_fw-la cl._n jacobus_n fincbius_n academiae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la senior_fw-la &_o physices_fw-la professor_n benemeritus_fw-la in_fw-la glaciei_fw-la frustis_fw-la è_fw-la portu_fw-la nostro_fw-la allatis_fw-la particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o iii_o title_n 1._o spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a make_v with_o quicklime_n volatile_a oil_n of_o amber_n a_o small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v expose_v two_o night_n and_o a_o day_n freeze_v not_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la be_v and_o spr._n sanguinis_fw-la humani_fw-la be_v freeze_v swell_v so_o much_o as_o to_o force_v out_o the_o cork_n 2._o unrectify_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n expose_v to_o the_o cold_a in_o a_o bottle_n will_v not_o freeze_v but_o another_o portion_n be_v contain_v in_o a_o earthen_a porringer_n do_v 3._o i_o be_o inform_v that_o there_o be_v a_o lake_n of_o water_n in_o scotland_n out_o of_o which_o a_o small_a river_n run_v the_o water_n of_o both_o which_o be_v never_o freeze_v but_o dissolve_v snow_n or_o ice_n if_o cast_v into_o it_o 4._o salad-oil_n be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o keep_v the_o lock_n of_o gun_n from_o freeze_a hinder_v they_o from_o be_v discharge_v but_o oil_n of_o hemp_n or_o train-oyl_n keep_v they_o from_o freeze_a title_n iu_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o degree_n of_o cold_a in_o several_a body_n body_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a in_o several_a body_n to_o discover_v the_o different_a degree_n of_o cold_a we_o have_v propose_v several_a thermometer_n in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n concern_v which_o we_o shall_v add_v this_o advertisement_n viz._n that_o though_o those_o which_o be_v to_o be_v immerse_v in_o liquor_n have_v the_o ball_n end_n round_o yet_o when_o we_o be_v to_o try_v the_o degree_n of_o cold_a of_o consistent_a powder_n it_o be_v better_a to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o as_o have_v flat_a bottom_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o stand_v on_o their_o own_o basis_n for_o so_o it_o will_v be_v pleasant_a to_o see_v the_o suspend_v bubble_n in_o one_o of_o our_o thermometer_n rise_v and_o fall_v as_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o 2._o freeze_a have_v be_v so_o general_o esteem_v the_o utmost_a effect_n of_o cold_a that_o most_o have_v be_v content_a without_o examine_v strict_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o it_o nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o very_o easy_o do_v since_o if_o we_o do_v it_o with_o common_a weather-glass_n it_o will_v be_v a_o hard_a thing_n to_o distinguish_v whether_o the_o cold_a of_o one_o day_n exceed_v that_o of_o another_o since_o there_o intervening_a so_o much_o time_n betwixt_o the_o observation_n the_o alteration_n may_v be_v cause_v by_o a_o increase_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o shall_v we_o make_v a_o estimate_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o our_o sense_n we_o shall_v easy_o be_v mistake_v since_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o different_a sensation_n of_o cold_a which_o we_o perceive_v depend_v on_o the_o various_a disposition_n of_o our_o body_n but_o allow_v that_o vulgar_a thermometer_n may_v give_v we_o a_o true_a information_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a which_o nature_n afford_v yet_o they_o acquaint_v we_o not_o whether_o art_n may_v not_o produce_v great_a much_o less_o will_v they_o help_v we_o to_o make_v a_o estimate_n of_o this_o disparity_n and_o though_o we_o may_v make_v some_o guess_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o cold_a on_o liquor_n expose_v to_o it_o yet_o some_o as_o aqueous_a liquor_n freeze_v too_o soon_o and_o vinous_a liquor_n here_o in_o england_n will_v not_o freeze_v at_o all_o except_z french_z wine_n which_o happen_v seldom_o and_o leave_v too_o great_a a_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o degree_n necessary_a to_o congeal_v wine_n and_o sufficient_a to_o freeze_v water_n beside_o the_o uncertainty_n proceed_v from_o the_o several_a strength_n of_o wine_n wherefore_o to_o discover_v the_o intensity_n of_o cold_a produce_v by_o art_n above_o the_o high_a degree_n that_o nature_n afford_v 1._o see_v plate_n 1._o fig._n 1._o we_o furnish_v a_o seal_a weatherglass_n such_o as_o plate_n 1_o fig._n 1._o delineates_n with_o
one_o bowl_n in_o motion_n strike_v against_o another_o not_o in_o motion_n communicate_v as_o much_o of_o its_o motion_n as_o it_o can_v to_o the_o other_o and_o lose_v it_o be_v own_o and_o so_o the_o vapour_n and_o steam_n in_o a_o room_n in_o frosty_a wether_n strike_v against_o the_o glass-window_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o motion_n and_o freeze_v which_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v much_o thick_a upon_o the_o glass_n in_o russia_n than_o here_o in_o england_n a_o note_n out_o of_o martinius_n in_o his_o account_n of_o china_n this_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o at_o peking_n though_o the_o pole_n be_v not_o elevate_v above_o 42_o degree_n yet_o for_o four_o month_n together_o from_o the_o middle_n of_o november_n the_o river_n be_v freeze_v in_o one_o day_n so_o that_o they_o bear_v coach_n and_o horse_n a_o note_v take_v out_o of_o martinius_n cromerus_n his_o polonia_n the_o cold_a be_v so_o violent_a in_o these_o country_n sometime_o that_o the_o tree_n wither_v at_o the_o root_n and_o water_n be_v freeze_v as_o it_o fall_v through_o the_o air_n and_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v up_o for_o two_o month_n so_o that_o they_o bear_v horse_n load_v and_o coach_n and_o this_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o pass_v over_o the_o weisell_n in_o massovia_n with_o a_o coach_n and_o horse_n and_o other_o horseman_n and_o in_o prussia_n the_o fish_n in_o the_o ice_n begin_v after_o the_o begin_n of_o november_n and_o last_v till_o march_n be_v end_v another_o note_n out_o of_o the_o same_o 1._o they_o catch_v fish_n more_o commodious_o in_o winter_n than_o summer_n for_o break_v hole_n in_o several_a place_n in_o the_o ice_n a_o net_n be_v cast_v into_o one_o of_o they_o and_o rope_n fasten_v to_o it_o man_n with_o pole_n and_o horse_n draw_v the_o net_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o 2._o i_o be_o tell_v that_o at_o warsaw_n in_o twelve_o hour_n the_o water_n be_v freeze_v 4_o inch_n downward_o one_o that_o sail_v to_o make_v discovery_n beyond_o the_o arctic_a circle_n tell_v i_o he_o can_v eat_v as_o much_o in_o one_o day_n as_o in_o ten_o here_o and_o that_o after_o they_o have_v sail_v over_o a_o deep_a blue_a sea_n they_o come_v to_o one_o as_o black_a as_o ink_n which_o be_v sound_v it_o be_v above_o 70_o fathom_n sack_n be_v freeze_v and_o thaw_v again_o present_o lose_v its_o vigour_n 3._o in_o these_o part_v the_o frost_n penetrate_v the_o ground_n five_o foot_n and_o the_o ice_n in_o iberia_n in_o the_o river_n ob_fw-la be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o fathom_n and_o a_o half_a thick_a there_o be_v there_o but_o twelve_o week_n in_o the_o whole_a year_n without_o frost_n the_o river_n have_v breathe_a place_n a_o mile_n long_o out_o of_o which_o fume_n ascend_v as_o out_o of_o a_o cellar_n when_o the_o door_n be_v open_v death_n by_o cold_a be_v not_o painful_a if_o it_o be_v intense_a cold_n dry_v excessive_o cleave_v the_o earth_n and_o cause_n timber_n to_o crack_v title_n xx._n experiment_n concern_v the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfrozen_a unfrozen_a the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfrozen_a 1._o to_o try_v whether_o body_n upon_o freeze_v will_v grow_v heavy_a since_o epicurus_n and_o other_o atomist_n suppose_v congelation_n to_o depend_v upon_o the_o crowd_v in_o of_o frigorifick_a atom_n we_o expose_v egg_n to_o be_v freeze_v all_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n we_o find_v they_o have_v lose_v four_o grain_n of_o their_o weight_n which_o we_o suspect_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o avolition_n of_o some_o exhalation_n through_o the_o shell_n since_o at_o other_o time_n we_o observe_v that_o egg_n counterpoise_v lose_v eight_o grain_n of_o their_o weight_n in_o some_o process_n of_o time_n 2._o water_n freeze_v and_o weigh_v counterpoise_v a_o grain_n and_o a_o little_a more_o than_o when_o it_o be_v thaw_v but_o the_o experiment_n be_v make_v in_o a_o glass_n with_o a_o long_a stem_n hermetical_o seal_v when_o the_o water_n be_v freeze_v it_o be_v as_o heavy_a or_o heavy_a after_o it_o be_v thaw_v and_o the_o same_o equality_n of_o weight_n betwixt_o freeze_a and_o unfrozen_a water_n happen_v in_o other_o experiment_n 3._o stone_n be_v weigh_v after_o expose_v to_o the_o cold_a air_n and_o also_o in_o a_o warm_a air_n they_o seem_v to_o discover_v a_o increase_n of_o weight_n but_o i_o suspect_v it_o proceed_v from_o water_n imbibe_v into_o their_o pore_n since_o stone_n be_v observe_v to_o increase_v their_o weight_n in_o water_n and_o further_o because_o one_o that_o be_v well_o polish_v and_o not_o apt_a to_o imbibe_n water_n retain_v bare_o its_o own_o weight_n so_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o epicurean_a freeze_v must_v be_v invalid_a except_o he_o suppose_v the_o frigorifick_a atom_n like_o those_o of_o a_o loadstone_n to_o be_v without_o weight_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o xx_o title_n the_o foregoing_a experiment_n may_v not_o only_o satisfy_v we_o that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o epicurean_o be_v erroneous_a but_o may_v likewise_o help_v we_o to_o correct_v some_o extravagant_a relation_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n for_o helmont_n tell_v we_o that_o water_n thaw_v in_o a_o vessel_n hermetical_o seal_v be_v â…›_n heavy_a than_o before_o but_o perhaps_o this_o difference_n may_v in_o part_n depend_v on_o the_o access_n of_o vapour_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n in_o opposition_n to_o what_o manalphus_n tell_v we_o i_o find_v that_o water_n freeze_v in_o a_o metalline_a porringer_n in_o one_o experiment_n lose_v 50_o in_o another_o 60_o grain_n of_o its_o weight_n which_o i_o attribute_v to_o a_o avolition_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n since_o when_o we_o order_v the_o matter_n so_o that_o no_o water_n can_v steam_v out_o there_o be_v no_o considerable_a increase_n or_o decrease_v in_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n freeze_v or_o thaw_v particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o xx_o title_n 1._o quicksilver_n be_v weigh_v in_o the_o air_n and_o afterward_o counterpoise_v in_o water_n when_o by_o the_o application_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v the_o bubble_n weigh_v ¾_n of_o a_o grain_n less_o than_o before_o a_o globe_n of_o snow_n ram_v into_o a_o mould_n who_o diameter_n be_v a_o inch_n weigh_v 112_o grain_n a_o globe_n of_o ice_n of_o the_o same_o diameter_n weigh_v 2_o dram_fw-la and_o 5_o grain_n 2._o after_o a_o long_a frost_n and_o snow_n the_o liquor_n in_o the_o gage_v weatherglass_n stand_v below_o the_o first_o mark_n but_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o baroscope_n stand_v at_o near_o 2_o â—_o below_o 29_o inch_n which_o perhaps_o may_v be_v attribute_v to_o the_o high_a wind._n 3._o four_o ounce_n of_o snow_n be_v counter_o poise_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o frost_n all_o night_n and_o at_o 10_o or_o 11_o in_o the_o morning_n have_v lose_v near_o 30_o grain_n which_o part_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v evaporate_v the_o melt_a liquor_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o scale_n amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o 8_o grain_n 4._o two_o ounce_n of_o snow_n depress_v flat_a so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o large_a superficies_n and_o counterpoise_v in_o a_o night_n time_n lose_v 55_o grain_n no_o water_n be_v find_v in_o the_o scale_n and_o two_o hour_n after_o the_o decrement_n be_v 63_o grain_n none_o of_o the_o snow_n appear_v yet_o to_o be_v melt_v title_n xxi_o promiscuous_a experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v cold._n power_n whether_o frost_n hinder_v odoriferous_a effluvia_fw-la from_o exert_v their_o power_n 1._o several_a flower_n be_v gather_v in_o december_n and_o january_n and_o hasty_o smelâ—ed_v 〈◊〉_d have_v no_o sensible_a effect_n on_o the_o sensory_a whicâ—_n phaenomenon_n i_o attribute_v to_o the_o frost_n hinder_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o spirituous_a sap_n from_o rise_v up_o into_o they_o and_o not_o that_o it_o prevent_v those_o spirituous_a part_n from_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la since_o a_o vigorous_a fresh_a primrose_n have_v a_o odour_n genuine_a and_o sweet_a 2._o rose-water_n be_v freeze_v when_o it_o be_v whole_o ice_n afford_v a_o genuine_a scent_n but_o something_o faint_a than_o when_o it_o be_v thaw_v again_o but_o in_o make_v these_o experiment_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o body_n smell_v at_o shall_v not_o be_v hold_v too_o long_o near_o the_o nose_n lest_o the_o warmth_n of_o one_o face_n shall_v help_v to_o excite_v those_o odoriferous_a part_n and_o consequent_o frustrate_v the_o trial_n 3._o stink_v water_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o cold_a and_o freeze_v be_v altogether_o inodorous_a 4._o it_o be_v report_v by_o several_a and_o attest_v by_o olearius_n that_o the_o russian_n and_o livonian_o enable_v themselves_o to_o bear_v cold_a extreme_o by_o go_v out_o of_o their_o store_n naked_a immediate_o into_o cold_a water_n and_o even_o ice_n itself_o 5._o have_v make_v use_n of_o a_o good_a
the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n for_o which_o reason_n deep_a cellar_n be_v general_o warm_a and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o deep_a mine_n in_o hungary_n be_v always_o the_o hot_a and_o though_o the_o upper_a region_n in_o some_o measure_n seem_v cold_a yet_o that_o may_v easy_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o predisposition_n of_o our_o sensory_n when_o out_o of_o the_o warm_a air_n we_o find_v it_o comparative_o cold_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o groove_n and_o in_o our_o ascent_n cold_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o region_n which_o be_v near_a the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o that_o the_o low_a region_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o uppermost_a be_v not_o only_o evident_a from_o what_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o deliver_v but_o from_o what_o archbishop_n vpsal_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o deep_a mountain_n in_o poland_n from_o whence_o they_o dig_v rock-salt_n and_o though_o the_o heat_n of_o spring_n in_o the_o winter_n may_v be_v allege_v by_o some_o as_o a_o cause_n of_o antiperistasis_n yet_o it_o be_v easy_o otherwise_o explain_v since_o the_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o the_o comparative_a coldness_n of_o the_o air_n be_v sufficient_a to_o solve_v that_o phaenomenon_n and_o that_o the_o antiperistasis_n be_v not_o so_o powerful_a in_o the_o winter_n as_o to_o have_v any_o effect_n on_o the_o subterraneal_a part_n be_v evident_a since_o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o have_v a_o well_o which_o remain_v unfreeze_v all_o winter_n so_o that_o by_o break_v the_o ice_n on_o the_o top_n they_o can_v get_v fresh_a water_n and_o it_o be_v attest_v by_o a_o latin_a author_n that_o in_o or_o near_o the_o island_n hueena_n wherein_o the_o famous_a tycho_n build_v his_o vraniburgum_a there_o be_v one_o spring_n which_o be_v not_o freeze_v in_o winter_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n tell_v we_o that_o near_o nidrosia_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o norway_n there_o be_v a_o lake_n that_o in_o that_o northern_a region_n never_o freeze_v and_o josephus_n inform_v we_o of_o a_o hot_a spring_n in_o peru_n from_o whence_o the_o water_n issue_n out_o boil_v hot_a yet_o a_o spring_n which_o be_v just_a by_o it_o be_v cold_a as_o ice_n so_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n through_o which_o body_n flow_v may_v have_v a_o considerable_a stroke_n in_o alter_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o water_n and_o to_o favour_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o reason_n why_o spring_n steam_v in_o the_o summer_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o our_o breath_n as_o well_o as_o the_o steam_n of_o issue_n be_v visible_a in_o the_o winter_n though_o not_o discernible_a in_o the_o summer_n and_o the_o very_a steam_n of_o a_o labour_a man_n have_v be_v freeze_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o his_o waistcoat_n whilst_o he_o be_v work_v and_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v that_o the_o steam_n of_o a_o river_n be_v very_o apparent_a in_o the_o evening_n though_o not_o discernible_a at_o 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be_v kill_v by_o the_o steam_n of_o it_o and_o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o near_o the_o city_n buda_n there_o be_v such_o hot_a spring_n that_o the_o river_n danubius_n be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v they_o cool_v and_o he_o tell_v we_o likewise_o that_o in_o the_o river_n istroganum_n they_o may_v discover_v hot_a spring_n by_o remove_v the_o sand_n with_o their_o foot_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o credible_a witness_n that_o in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n there_o be_v a_o ditch_n which_o emit_v steam_n which_o be_v inflammable_a and_o probable_o there_o may_v be_v other_o place_n which_o emit_v such_o kind_n of_o effluvia_fw-la and_o afford_v matter_n for_o fiery_a meteor_n and_o wind_n and_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o not_o only_o in_o muscovy_n a_o tract_n of_o water_n a_o mile_n long_o continue_v unfreeze_v when_o the_o rest_n be_v and_o emit_v hot_a steam_n but_o olaus_n magnus_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o lake_n veter_fw-la which_o thaw_v with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n that_o as_o well_o as_o the_o river_n peking_n near_o china_n which_o thaw_v in_o one_o day_n begin_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o so_o thaw_v upward_o and_o in_o these_o thaw_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v foretell_v by_o a_o great_a boil_a of_o the_o water_n first_o under_o the_o ice_n and_o that_o such_o effluvia_fw-la be_v detain_v from_o fly_v away_o and_o keep_v up_o in_o the_o earth_n may_v contribute_v to_o the_o heat_n of_o cellar_n appear_v further_o since_o in_o muscow_n when_o a_o cellar_n have_v be_v long_o keep_v shut_v when_o first_o the_o door_n be_v open_v the_o steam_n will_v affect_v the_o man_n so_o powerful_o as_o almost_o to_o suffocate_v they_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o retention_n of_o hot_a effluvia_fw-la depend_v on_o a_o constipation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o not_o on_o the_o disposition_n of_o hot_a vapour_n to_o fly_v away_o from_o their_o contrary_n since_o we_o see_v that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o disposition_n the_o vapour_n of_o a_o well_o rather_o disperse_v themselves_o in_o the_o air_n than_o fly_v away_o from_o it_o but_o to_o disprove_v the_o doctrine_n of_o antiperistasis_n further_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o rod_n of_o iron_n which_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n fix_v to_o one_o end_n of_o it_o have_v that_o end_n make_v red_a hot_a and_o quench_v in_o cold_a water_n the_o heat_n do_v not_o recede_v into_o the_o other_o end_n to_o avoid_v the_o coldness_n of_o the_o water_n but_o a_o more_o convince_a experiment_n be_v that_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v suspend_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n in_o water_n when_o that_o glass_n be_v place_v in_o hot_a water_n the_o coldness_n of_o that_o in_o the_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v drive_v upon_o the_o weatherglass_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o subside_n but_o when_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o external_n water_n be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o other_o it_o manifest_o rose_n and_o this_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o warm_a water_n in_o the_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n and_o cold_a water_n about_o that_o the_o heat_n be_v not_o more_o intense_a about_o the_o weatherglass_n but_o when_o the_o cold_a have_v diffuse_v itself_o through_o the_o warm_a water_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n subside_v postscript_n though_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o antiperistasis_n be_v not_o without_o reason_n explode_v yet_o i_o shall_v suspend_v my_o judgement_n whether_o cellar_n be_v warm_a in_o the_o winter_n than_o the_o summer_n or_o not_o since_o the_o learned_a jesuit_n zucchius_n tell_v we_o that_o have_v suspend_v a_o weatherglass_n 3_o year_n in_o a_o cellar_n the_o water_n will_v rise_v in_o the_o winter_n and_o descend_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o another_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o know_v a_o well_o cold_o in_o summer_n than_o winter_n yet_o i_o be_o far_o from_o believe_v this_o observation_n universal_a since_o what_o have_v be_v say_v evince_n the_o contrary_a for_o though_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v subject_a to_o vary_v in_o their_o temperature_n as_o the_o wether_n influence_n they_o yet_o subterraneal_a cavity_n than_o be_v very_o deep_o be_v neither_o hot_a or_o cold_a in_o the_o winter_n or_o summer_n and_o though_o zucchius_n have_v undertake_v to_o measure_v it_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o weather-glass_n yet_o since_o ordinary_a weather-glass_n be_v subject_a to_o be_v influence_v by_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o air_n as_o well_o as_o the_o heat_n and_o cold_a of_o it_o and_o since_o some_o place_n be_v full_a of_o subterraneal_a vapour_n than_o other_o and_o consequent_o the_o sudden_a ascent_n of_o exhalation_n may_v present_o increase_v the_o weight_n of_o it_o i_o think_v the_o follow_a experiment_n make_v by_o the_o
100_o to_o 1._o c_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr coral_n red_a 129_o ¼_n 80_o ¼_n 2_o 63_o 100_o to_o 1._o crystal_n 256_o 140_o 2_o 21_o 100_o to_o 1._o  _fw-fr weight_n in_o air_n in_o gr._n in_o water_n in_o grain_n proportion_n cornelian_a 148_o 103_o 3_o 29_o 100_o to_o 1._o calculus_fw-la humanus_fw-la 2570_o 1080_o 1_o 72_o 100_o to_o 1._o coco-shell_n 331_o 85_o 1_o 34_o 100_o to_o 1._o native_a crab_n eye_n 77_o ½_n 36_o ½_n 1_o 89_o 100_o to_o 1._o crab_n eye_n artificial_a 90_o ½_n 54_o 2_o 48_o 100_o to_o 1._o calx_fw-la of_o lead_v 138_o ½_n 123_o 8_o 94_o 100_o to_o 1._o copper_n stone_n 65_o ½_n 49_o ½_n 4_o 09_o â—â—0_o to_o 1._o common_a cinnabar_fw-la 802_o 702_o 8_o 1_o 50_o to_o 1._o cinnabar_fw-la of_o antimony_n 197_o 169_o 7_o 3_o 100_o to_o 1._o cinnabar_fw-la native_a 197_o 171_o 7_o 57_o 100_o to_o 1._o coral_n white_a 336_o 204_o 〈◊〉_d 54_o 1002_o to_o 1._o another_o piece_n fine_a 139_o 85_o 2_o 17_o 100_o to_o 1._o calculus_fw-la humanus_fw-la 302_o 97_o 1_o 47_o 100_o to_o 1._o copper_n over_o 1436_o 1090_o 4_o 15_o 100_o to_o 1._o copper_n over_o rich_a 413_o 314_o 4_o 17_o 100_o to_o 1._o cinnabar_fw-la native_a very_o sparkle_v 226_o 194_o 7_o 6_o 100_o to_o 1._o g_z  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr gold_n ore_n not_o rich_a bring_v from_o the_o east_n indies_n 1100_o 682_o 2_o 63_o 109_o to_o 1._o another_o lump_n of_o the_o same_o 1151_o 717_o 2_o 65_o 100_o to_o 1._o granati_fw-la minera_n 217_o 147_o 3_o 1_o 10_o to_o 1._o granate_n bohemian_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 4_o 36_o 100_o to_o 1._o h_o weight_n in_o air_n in_o gr._n in_o water_n in_o grain_n proportion_n haematites_n english_a 1574_o 1156_o 3_o 76_o 100_o to_o 1._o i_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr ivory_n 173_o 2_o 83_o 1_o 91_o 100_o to_o 1._o l_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr lapis_fw-la manati_fw-la 450_o 293_o 2_o 26_o 100_o to_o 1._o a_o fragment_n of_o the_o same_o 218_o ½_n 123_o 2_o 29_o 100_o to_o 1._o another_o 345_o 197_o 2_o 33_o 100_o to_o 1._o another_o from_o jamaica_n 2011_o 1127_o 2_o 27_o 100_o to_o 1._o lapis_fw-la lazuli_fw-la one_o piece_n 385_o 256_o 2_o 98_o 100_o to_o 1._o lead_v over_o 686_o 590_o 7_o 14_o 100_o to_o 1._o another_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr lapis_fw-la calaminaris_n 477_o 380_o 4_o 92_o 100_o to_o 1._o lapis_fw-la judaicus_n 261_o ½_n 164_o 2_o 69_o 100_o to_o 1._o m_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr marcasite_n 814_o 631_o 4_o 45_o 100_o to_o 1._o another_o from_o stalbridge_n 243_o 189_o 4_o ½_n to_o 1._o  _fw-fr weight_n in_o air_n in_o gr._n in_o water_n in_o grain_n proportion_n another_o more_o shine_a than_o ordinary_a 287_o 227_o 4_o 18_o 100_o to_o 1._o mercury_n revive_v from_o ore_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr manganese_n a_o piece_n 321_o 230_o 3_o 13_o 100_o to_o 1._o mineral_n cornish_n like_o a_o shine_a marcasite_n 145_o 129_o 9_o 6_o 100_o to_o 1._o o_fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr osteocolla_n 195_o 108_o 2_o 24_o 100_o to_o 1._o over_o silver_n choice_n from_o saxony_n 458_o 366_o 4_o 9â—_n 100_o to_o 1._o another_o piece_n 1120_o 960_o 7_o to_o 1._o over_o lead_v from_o cumberland_n rich_a 1872_o 1586_o 1_o â—_o 54_o 100_o to_o 1._o r_z  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr rhinoceros_n horn_n 8563_o 4260_o 1_o 99_o 100_o to_o 1._o rock-chrystal_n another_o piece_n 256_o 140_o 2_o 20_o 100_o to_o 1._o s_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr saphir_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr weight_n in_o air_n in_o gr._n in_o water_n in_o grain_n proportion_n seed-pearl_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr sulphur_n vive_fw-fr 371_o 185_o 2_o to_o 1._o german_n very_a fine_a 306_o 152_o 1_o 98_o 100_o to_o 1._o slate_n irish_a 779_o 467_o 2_o 49_o 100_o to_o 1._o t_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr a_o piece_n of_o talc_n like_o lapis_n amianthus_n 596_o 334_o 2_o 28_o 100_o to_o 1._o talc_n venetian_n 802_o 508_o 2_o 73_o 100_o to_o 1._o talc_n jamaican_n 1857_o 1238_o 3_o to_o 1._o new_a english_a tin_n ore_n mr._n hubert_n 812_o 613_o 4_o 8_o 100_o to_o 1._o tin_n over_o black_a rich._n 1293_o 984_o 4_o 18_o 100_o to_o 1._o another_o piece_n choice_n 2893_o 2314_o 5_o to_o 1._o tutty_n a_o piece_n 104_o 83_o 5_o to_o 1._o tin-glass_n 468_o 419_o 9_o 56_o 100_o to_o 1._o five_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr vitrum_fw-la antimonii_n per_fw-la se_fw-la 357_o ½_n 282_o ½_n 4_o 76_o 100_o to_o 1._o vitriol_n engl._n a_o very_a fine_a piece_n 1093_o 512_o 1_o â—8_o 100_o to_o 1._o vnicorn_n horn_n a_o piece_n 407_o 195_o 1_o 91_o 100_o to_o 1._o the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v book_n v._o part_n ii_o chap._n i._n a_o account_n of_o a_o strange_o self-moving_a liquor_n communicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o november_n 26._o 1685._o liquor_n of_o a_o self-moving_a liquor_n a_o ingenious_a mathematician_n have_v mix_v several_a ingredient_n in_o a_o earthen_a pot_n over_o coal_n the_o matter_n take_v fire_n and_o begin_v to_o blaze_v furious_o which_o oblige_v he_o to_o stifle_v the_o flame_n and_o remove_v it_o from_o the_o fire_n and_o when_o it_o be_v cold_a he_o several_a time_n successive_o and_o at_o some_o distance_n of_o time_n observe_v that_o the_o liquor_n move_v various_o and_o brisk_o and_o some_o seed_n be_v throw_v upon_o it_o they_o form_v a_o sort_n of_o scum_n part_n of_o which_o be_v remove_v and_o the_o liquor_n place_v in_o a_o warm_a laboratory_n i_o observe_v the_o follow_a phaenomena_n 1._o the_o scum_n which_o remain_v on_o it_o be_v break_v part_n will_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o part_n to_o the_o right_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o liquor_n 2._o when_o it_o come_v from_o under_o the_o scum_n it_o move_v very_o brisk_o as_o if_o its_o motion_n upward_o have_v be_v check_v by_o it_o 3._o the_o liquor_n consist_v partly_o of_o oil_n and_o partly_o of_o bituminous_a ingredient_n their_o motion_n may_v not_o only_o be_v the_o better_o discern_v but_o some_o of_o those_o oily_a part_n rise_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o liquor_n will_v diffuse_v themselves_o orbicular_o and_o form_v a_o great_a halo_n adorn_v with_o the_o vivid_n colour_n of_o a_o rainbow_n and_o these_o will_v continue_v till_o they_o lose_v themselves_o successive_o under_o the_o scum_n 4._o the_o motion_n of_o this_o liquor_n be_v frequent_o vortical_a which_o appear_v by_o the_o motion_n of_o some_o part_n of_o the_o scum_n and_o the_o liquor_n all_o this_o while_n be_v actual_o cold._a 5._o some_o of_o this_o liquor_n be_v pour_v into_o a_o cylindrical_a glass_n it_o move_v not_o as_o before_o but_o be_v pour_v into_o a_o shallow_a wide-mouthed_a glass_n it_o move_v more_o brisk_o and_o various_o than_o before_o in_o the_o earthen_a vessel_n 6._o it_o move_v more_o brisk_o or_o slow_o as_o the_o wether_n vary_v in_o temper_n and_o in_o all_o have_v continue_v its_o motion_n ten_o day_n and_o it_o continue_v this_o motion_n when_o pour_v out_o of_o a_o vial_n into_o a_o convenient_a glass_n seven_o or_o eight_o week_n after_o but_o very_o languid_o and_o soon_o begin_v to_o slacken_v its_o motion_n in_o point_n of_o swiftness_n and_o from_o the_o first_o to_o the_o last_o time_n this_o liquor_n be_v observe_v to_o move_v it_o be_v about_o five_o month_n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o preserve_n of_o bird_n and_o other_o small_a faetus_n etc._n of_o preserve_v bird_n etc._n etc._n in_o order_n to_o make_v observation_n about_o young_a faetus_n i_o preserve_v chicken_n take_v out_o of_o the_o shell_n at_o several_a time_n and_o on_o several_a day_n after_o incubation_n by_o keep_v they_o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o which_o i_o sometime_o add_v spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a prepare_v with_o quicklime_n and_o that_o the_o liquor_n may_v not_o be_v discolour_v i_o usual_o remove_v they_o twice_o into_o fresh_a spirit_n before_o i_o design_v to_o preserve_v they_o in_o it_o chap._n iii_o a_o conjecture_n concern_v the_o the_o bladder_n of_o air_n find_v in_o fish_n communicate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o may_n 25._o 1675._o fish_n of_o the_o bladder_n of_o fish_n to_o show_v whether_o a_o fish_n move_v in_o the_o water_n by_o expand_v or_o by_o a_o constriction_n of_o himself_o and_o whether_o the_o bladder_n within_o he_o be_v contract_v and_o expanded_a according_a to_o the_o several_a depth_n he_o swim_v at_o we_o contrive_v the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n to_o put_v several_a fish_n into_o a_o bolt-head_n fill_v with_o water_n and_o who_o stem_n be_v draw_v out_o very_o fine_a and_o seal_v up_o when_o fill_v with_o water_n for_o if_o when_o the_o fish_n sink_v the_o water_n in_o the_o small_a tube_n subside_v we_o may_v conclude_v he_o contract_v himself_o and_o if_o when_o he_o rise_v the_o water_n rise_v also_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o
he_o expand_v himself_o chap._n iv_o laudanum_n helmontii_fw-la junioris_fw-la communicate_v in_o the_o philosophical_a transaction_n of_o october_n 1674._o laudanum_n preparation_n of_o laudanum_n take_v of_o opium_n four_o ounce_n of_o the_o juice_n of_o quince_n four_o pound_n cut_v the_o opium_n small_a and_o digest_v it_o in_o the_o juice_n of_o quince_n ten_o day_n or_o more_o than_o filter_n it_o and_o have_v infuse_v in_o it_o of_o cinnamon_n nutmeg_n and_o clove_n each_o one_o ounce_n let_v they_o infuse_v six_o day_n and_o then_o have_v let_v it_o just_o boil_v a_o little_a filter_n it_o and_o evaporate_v the_o moisture_n till_o the_o mass_n be_v of_o what_o consistence_n you_o desire_v and_o incorporate_v with_o it_o two_o or_o three_o ounce_n of_o saffron_n well_o powder_v and_o make_v it_o up_o into_o a_o mass_n the_o do_v of_o this_o laudanum_n if_o keep_v liquid_a be_v from_o five_o to_o ten_o drop_n or_o less_o and_o of_o the_o pill_n a_o less_o quantity_n be_v require_v chap._n v._o observation_n of_o a_o earthquake_n make_v at_o oxford_n and_o communcate_v in_o the_o transaction_n of_o april_n 2._o 1666._o earthquake_n observation_n of_o au_fw-fr earthquake_n ride_v betwixt_o oxford_n and_o a_o lodging_n in_o the_o country_n which_o be_v four_o mile_n off_o the_o first_o two_o mile_n it_o be_v cold_a than_o at_o other_o time_n all_o that_o winter_n but_o before_o i_o get_v home_o the_o wind_n turn_v and_o rain_n begin_v to_o fall_v and_o in_o a_o hour_n after_o i_o perceive_v a_o tremble_a in_o the_o house_n where_o i_o be_v and_o soon_o after_o there_o happen_v a_o brisk_a storm_n at_o brill_n a_o place_n high_o than_o where_o i_o be_v the_o earthquake_n be_v more_o sensible_a the_o stone_n in_o the_o floor_n of_o a_o gentleman_n house_n be_v perceive_v to_o move_v this_o hill_n abound_v with_o several_a kind_n of_o mineral_n substance_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o from_o that_o place_n the_o earthquake_n extend_v itself_o several_a miles_n chap._n vi_o passage_n relate_v to_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n medicine_n passage_n relate_v to_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n though_o the_o follow_a passage_n may_v be_v of_o small_a use_n to_o the_o ingenious_a and_o experience_a master_n yet_o since_o they_o may_v be_v fervicable_a to_o young_a physician_n i_o shall_v for_o their_o information_n impart_v they_o experiment_n i._n a_o tall_a well_o set_v gentleman_n about_o twenty_o four_o year_n old_a have_v by_o a_o fall_n break_v his_o skull_n in_o several_a place_n which_o be_v several_a time_n trepane_v and_o large_a chasm_n make_v in_o it_o by_o the_o take_n away_o of_o several_a piece_n in_o about_o three_o day_n time_n he_o be_v seize_v with_o a_o palsy_n on_o one_o side_n so_o violent_o as_o to_o be_v deprive_v of_o motion_n and_o almost_o of_o sense_n except_o that_o in_o his_o leg_n he_o have_v some_o short_a remission_n and_o this_o palsy_n continue_v about_o twenty_o four_o week_n about_o which_o time_n his_o head_n be_v further_o lay_v open_a they_o find_v a_o splinter_n of_o a_o bone_n much_o like_o the_o scale_n of_o a_o fish_n which_o stick_v so_o fast_o and_o close_o to_o the_o dura_n mater_n that_o a_o effusion_n of_o blood_n accompany_v the_o take_n of_o it_o away_o but_o that_o be_v stop_v in_o about_o three_o day_n time_n his_o palsy_n begin_v to_o leave_v he_o and_o he_o be_v now_o very_o strong_a and_o healthy_a though_o the_o callus_fw-la which_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o his_o skull_n be_v very_o large_a from_o whence_o it_o appear_v what_o great_a effect_n may_v spring_v from_o a_o very_a slight_a cause_n but_o beside_o the_o aforementioned_a observation_n it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o that_o the_o part_n whilst_o the_o palsy_n continue_v be_v not_o only_o deprive_v of_o sense_n and_o motion_n but_o be_v very_o much_o extenuate_v by_o a_o continue_a atrophy_n which_o loss_n of_o substance_n they_o acquire_v again_o upon_o a_o cessation_n of_o the_o paralytic_a affection_n and_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o all_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o those_o and_o other_o part_n be_v that_o they_o be_v more_o subject_a to_o be_v cold_a to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o though_o he_o be_v frequent_o let_v blood_n he_o continue_v to_o have_v a_o good_a stomach_n nor_o do_v the_o affection_n of_o the_o brain_n cause_n the_o least_o vomit_v or_o convulsion_n experiment_n ii_o to_o show_v the_o great_a and_o terrible_a effect_n of_o sudden_a passion_n of_o the_o mind_n i_o shall_v relate_v the_o follow_v history_n viz._n that_o a_o woman_n have_v take_v a_o boy_n to_o a_o river_n side_n with_o she_o which_o she_o love_v very_o well_o the_o boy_n accidental_o fall_v into_o the_o water_n unseen_a by_o she_o when_o she_o miss_v he_o she_o be_v take_v with_o a_o dead_a palsy_n which_o can_v not_o be_v remove_v experiment_n iii_o but_o to_o show_v what_o contrary_a effect_n violent_a passion_n of_o the_o mind_n may_v have_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o gentleman_n who_o be_v in_o his_o youth_n take_v with_o so_o violent_a a_o sciatica_n that_o he_o can_v not_o go_v but_o be_v carry_v to_o church_n and_o look_v upon_o as_o incurable_a yet_o once_o when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o church_n news_n be_v bring_v that_o the_o enemy_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o town_n which_o be_v a_o frontier_n garrison_n and_o design_v to_o massacre_n all_o in_o the_o church_n they_o all_o flee_v and_o leave_v he_o behind_o they_o who_o be_v as_o much_o afraid_a of_o himself_o as_o the_o rest_n get_v off_o his_o seat_n and_o walk_v along_o like_o other_o man_n and_o this_o i_o receive_v from_o the_o person_n affect_v forty_o year_n after_o the_o say_v fright_v who_o in_o all_o that_o time_n suffer_v not_o the_o least_o relapse_n of_o the_o distemper_n it_o may_v be_v of_o no_o small_a advantage_n to_o physic_n will_v philosopher_n among_o those_o experiment_n which_o they_o lie_v down_o as_o relate_v to_o what_o they_o write_v purposely_o about_o communicate_v those_o which_o they_o think_v of_o use_n to_o physician_n though_o they_o shall_v be_v less_o pertinent_a to_o the_o subject_a under_o consideration_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o shall_v for_o the_o future_a communicate_v such_o desire_v this_o short_a advertisement_n may_v be_v my_o apology_n a_o desined_a chemical_a medicine_n experiment_n iu._n though_o vomitive_a medicine_n be_v not_o a_o little_a dangerous_a yet_o since_o in_o several_a disease_n they_o be_v altogether_o requisite_a i_o shall_v here_o lay_v down_o a_o preparation_n which_o be_v as_o effectual_a and_o yet_o safe_a than_o any_o other_o liquor_n and_o much_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o infusion_n of_o crocus_n metallorum_fw-la the_o preparation_n be_v this_o distil_v two_o part_n of_o antimony_n and_o three_o of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n in_o a_o glass-receiver_n till_o the_o distil_a menstruum_fw-la be_v succeed_v with_o red_a flores_n and_o filtrate_v the_o liquor_n through_o cap-paper_n lay_v it_o up_o for_o use_v close_o stop_v it_o may_v be_v give_v from_o four_o to_o eight_o or_o ten_o drop_n in_o a_o spoonful_n or_o two_o of_o wine_n blackcherry_n water_n or_o spring-water_n drink_v some_o of_o the_o same_o liquor_n after_o it_o to_o wash_v it_o down_o it_o work_v very_o soon_o and_o evacuate_v plentiful_o and_o effectual_o without_o danger_n it_o have_v have_v not_o only_o very_o good_a success_n in_o surfeit_n and_o several_a other_o case_n but_o cure_v a_o person_n of_o a_o intermit_a fever_n which_o put_v on_o various_a type_n and_o continue_v to_o afflict_v the_o patient_n three_o year_n notwithstanding_o great_a quantity_n of_o the_o jesuit_n powder_n have_v be_v frequent_o give_v but_o here_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o add_v this_o short_a advertisement_n viz._n that_o the_o powder_n if_o keep_v long_o be_v apt_a to_o precipitate_v it_o must_v either_o be_v make_v use_n of_o whilst_o the_o liquor_n be_v fresh_a or_o the_o bottle_n must_v be_v shake_v well_o when_o it_o be_v use_v a_o design_v chemical_a medicine_n consider_v the_o great_a esteem_n and_o value_n of_o mineral_n water_n i_o contrive_v a_o way_n to_o imitate_v they_o by_o make_v use_n of_o ingredient_n very_o harmless_a in_o themselves_o and_o likely_a to_o make_v no_o less_o innocent_a a_o composition_n the_o trial_n be_v this_o have_v digest_v in_o a_o bolt-head_n two_o day_n one_o part_n of_o file_n of_o iron_n with_o ten_o of_o distil_a vinegar_n and_o then_o increase_v the_o heat_n till_o the_o transparent_a liquor_n appear_v to_o be_v of_o a_o orange_a colour_n we_o pour_v part_n of_o it_o off_o lest_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v too_o much_o impregnate_v the_o metal_n shall_v be_v precipitate_v this_o orange-colour_n tincture_n be_v keep_v for_o use_n we_o drop_v four_o drop_n into_o eight_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o common_a water_n which_o make_v a_o
as_o not_o to_o affect_v any_o one_o of_o our_o sense_n and_o consequent_o may_v continue_v a_o atmosphere_n much_o long_o than_o we_o be_v able_a to_o take_v notice_n of_o so_o forestus_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o pestilential_a contagion_n that_o be_v a_o long_a time_n preserve_v in_o a_o cobweb_n and_o alexander_n benedictus_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o flock-bed_n which_o when_o several_a year_n after_o the_o plague_n it_o be_v beat_v it_o present_o infect_v the_o bystander_n and_o sennertus_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o vratislavia_n in_o six_o month_n six_o thousand_o man_n dye_v of_o the_o plague_n and_o that_o from_o that_o time_n the_o infection_n be_v preserve_v in_o a_o linen_n cloth_n and_o be_v display_v in_o another_o place_n 13_o year_n after_o it_o infect_v that_o place_n likewise_o and_o trincavella_n tell_v we_o that_o a_o infection_n be_v preserve_v a_o long_a time_n in_o rope_n by_o which_o dead_a person_n be_v let_v down_o into_o their_o grave_n and_o a_o instance_n of_o the_o like_a kind_n we_o be_v furnish_v with_o by_o diemerbroeck_n who_o acquaint_v we_o that_o a_o apothecary_n of_o he_o turn_v over_o some_o straw_n upon_o which_o a_o bed_n have_v lie_v which_o hold_v a_o infect_a person_n the_o steam_n immediate_o cause_v blister_n upon_o his_o leg_n and_o a_o carbuncle_n which_o be_v a_o fortnight_n in_o heal_v and_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o have_v a_o pair_n of_o spanish_a perfume_v glove_n which_o have_v continue_v their_o scent_n about_o thirty_o year_n though_o they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o shut_v up_o in_o a_o box._fw-la chap._n v._o of_o the_o great_a efficacy_n of_o effluvium_n though_o particle_n of_o matter_n which_o be_v minute_n be_v look_v upon_o to_o be_v unable_a to_o have_v any_o considerable_a effect_n effluvium_n o_o the_o great_a efficacy_n of_o effluvium_n yet_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o show_v that_o they_o may_v have_v considerable_a effect_n i._o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o great_a number_n ii_o their_o penetrate_a nature_n iii_o the_o celerity_n and_o modification_n of_o their_o motion_n iv_o the_o congruity_n of_o their_o bulk_n and_o shape_v to_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n they_o be_v to_o act_v upon_o v._o the_o motion_n of_o one_o part_n of_o a_o body_n which_o they_o cause_v to_o act_v upon_o the_o other_o iv_o their_o aptitude_n to_o cause_v themselves_o to_o be_v assist_v by_o more_o catholic_n agent_n though_o they_o may_v perform_v several_a thing_n considerable_a upon_o these_o account_n yet_o sometime_o two_o or_o three_o or_o more_o concur_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o the_o same_o effect_n and_o first_o from_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o the_o foregoing_a chapter_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o body_n be_v very_a minute_n and_o consequent_o it_o will_v follow_v they_o must_v be_v numerous_a and_o that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o small_a agent_n when_o they_o act_n per_fw-la modum_fw-la unius_fw-la may_v have_v considerable_a effect_n be_v evident_a since_o inundation_n of_o whole_a country_n may_v be_v cause_v by_o shower_n of_o rain_n when_o drop_n fall_v in_o multitude_n and_o aggregate_n of_o small_a sand_n not_o only_o bind_v the_o sea_n but_o form_n banks_n upon_o which_o the_o great_a ship_n be_v sometime_o split_v and_o though_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o single_a grain_n of_o gunpowder_n be_v immaterial_a yet_o prodigious_a thing_n may_v be_v do_v by_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o and_o though_o vapour_n be_v make_v up_o of_o very_a small_a particle_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v inactive_a yet_o in_o moist_a wether_n they_o cause_v salt_n to_o melt_v wood_n to_o swell_v and_o viol-string_n if_o they_o be_v stretch_v too_o much_o to_o break_v and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o invisible_a steam_n of_o a_o new_o white_v room_n be_v so_o offensive_a that_o people_n who_o sleep_v in_o such_o place_n have_v be_v find_v dead_a in_o the_o morning_n be_v suffocate_v with_o those_o fume_n and_o though_o the_o vapour_n which_o can_v issue_v out_o of_o such_o body_n at_o once_o can_v be_v sufficient_a to_o produce_v such_o effect_n yet_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o they_o continual_o succeed_v each_o other_o as_o wind_z out_o of_o a_o aeolipile_n their_o number_n and_o minuteness_n may_v enable_v they_o to_o cause_v considerable_a effect_n and_o that_o the_o subtlety_n and_o penetrate_a nature_n of_o effluvia_fw-la contribute_v much_o to_o their_o effect_n appear_v since_o good_a aquafortis_n and_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n be_v so_o penetrate_v as_o in_o a_o little_a time_n to_o pervade_v the_o cork_n with_o which_o the_o bottle_n they_o be_v contain_v in_o be_v stop_v and_o to_o reduce_v they_o to_o a_o pap._n and_o run_v mercury_n have_v be_v find_v in_o the_o head_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v too_o much_o expose_v to_o mercureal_a fume_n and_o in_o the_o laboratory_n of_o chemist_n the_o steam_n of_o sulphur_n antimony_n arsenic_n etc._n etc._n make_v those_o stagger_v that_o less_o cautious_o unlute_v the_o vessel_n in_o which_o they_o have_v be_v sublime_v or_o distil_v to_o which_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v the_o infectious_a steam_n in_o the_o plague_n which_o sudden_o infect_v the_o internal_a part_n and_o likewise_o the_o sudden_a effect_n of_o a_o torpedo_n and_o i_o prepare_v a_o sal-armoniac_a so_o powerful_a that_o it_o restore_v a_o faculty_n of_o smell_a to_o one_o that_o have_v lose_v it_o a_o considerable_a time_n which_o virtue_n it_o have_v beside_o those_o more_o common_a one_o of_o affect_v the_o eye_n mouth_n and_o stomach_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o the_o steam_n of_o water_n assist_v by_o warmth_n be_v sufficient_a to_o dissolve_v hard_a and_o solid_a body_n so_o that_o by_o philosophical_a calcination_n solid_a piece_n of_o hartshorn_n be_v make_v so_o friable_a as_o to_o be_v easy_o reduce_v to_o powder_n only_o by_o be_v hang_v over_o the_o steam_n of_o distil_a water_n and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o under_o several_a place_n in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n the_o dew_n be_v so_o penetrate_v that_o it_o cause_v knife_n to_o rust_v in_o their_o sheath_n and_o sword_n in_o their_o scabbard_n and_o even_o watch_v in_o their_o case_n and_o in_o england_n i_o have_v know_v hard_a body_n become_v friable_a by_o the_o insinuation_n of_o vapour_n into_o their_o pore_n and_o i_o have_v know_v solid_a and_o mineral_n body_n burst_v by_o the_o powerful_a insinuation_n of_o effluvium_n and_o that_o the_o celerity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o minute_n body_n may_v contribute_v much_o to_o their_o effect_n appear_v from_o the_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n aurum_fw-la fulminans_fw-la flame_n whirlwind_n and_o wind_n and_o i_o have_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o those_o odoriferous_a steam_n which_o swim_v in_o the_o air_n and_o affect_v our_o nostril_n be_v in_o too_o languid_a a_o motion_n till_o enable_v to_o affect_v the_o sensory_a more_o powerful_o by_o run_v through_o the_o nostril_n in_o a_o stream_n and_o i_o have_v likewise_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o setting-dog_n etc._n etc._n will_v be_v much_o more_o affect_v with_o a_o scent_n when_o the_o wind_n blow_v from_o the_o scent_n towards_o their_o nostril_n than_o when_o it_o come_v the_o contrary_a way_n the_o current_n of_o the_o wind_n cause_v the_o odoriferous_a steam_n to_o affect_v the_o sensory_a more_o brisk_o and_o electrical_a body_n exert_v that_o faculty_n more_o strong_o after_o attrition_n the_o emission_n of_o their_o electrical_a steam_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v excite_v and_o the_o learned_a faber_n have_v observe_v that_o if_o a_o hare_n be_v suspend_v near_o a_o electrick_n when_o the_o effluvium_n be_v too_o brisk_o agitate_a it_o will_v not_o be_v attract_v but_o drive_v away_o from_o it_o and_o i_o know_v a_o certain_a substance_n make_v by_o distillation_n who_o smell_n in_o the_o cold_a be_v very_o inoffensive_a but_o when_o it_o be_v warm_a it_o emit_v steam_n more_o strong_a and_o penetrate_a than_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o i_o have_v know_v solid_a substance_n stink_v egregious_o when_o excite_v to_o emit_v their_o effluvia_fw-la by_o attrition_n and_o as_o celerity_n of_o motion_n contribute_v to_o the_o effect_n of_o subtle_a body_n so_o do_v the_o different_a modification_n of_o that_o motion_n for_o as_o a_o stick_n or_o a_o javelin_n have_v different_a effect_n when_o they_o fly_v with_o one_o end_n first_o from_o what_o they_o have_v when_o they_o twirl_v round_o with_o a_o certain_a rotation_n and_o the_o sound_n of_o musical_a instrument_n be_v different_a according_a to_o the_o different_a determination_n of_o their_o motion_n and_o the_o impression_n make_v upon_o the_o ambient_fw-la air._n and_o that_o beside_o what_o we_o have_v already_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o congruity_n or_o incongruity_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o matter_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o body_n they_o
stuff_v with_o aromatics_n upon_o the_o orifice_n he_o not_o only_o have_v the_o taste_n of_o the_o liquor_n in_o his_o mouth_n but_o the_o aromatic_a bag_n when_o fresh_a will_v perfume_v his_o breath_n in_o respiration_n and_o galen_n tell_v we_o that_o honey_n and_o water_n have_v be_v inject_v into_o the_o thorax_n have_v be_v discharge_v through_o the_o aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la by_o cough_v and_o in_o a_o man_n who_o be_v trouble_v with_o a_o dry_a short_a cough_n we_o find_v some_o white_a curdle_a matter_n betwixt_o the_o pleura_fw-la and_o the_o intercostal_a muscle_n which_o seem_v to_o occasion_v the_o cough_n by_o some_o noxious_a effluvia_fw-la transmit_v to_o his_o lung_n and_o to_o these_o instance_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o it_o seem_v probable_a that_o these_o humour_n collect_v in_o the_o abdomen_fw-la of_o a_o hydropical_a person_n can_v be_v carrl_v off_o no_o other_o way_n but_o through_o the_o pore_n of_o membrane_n upon_o the_o use_n of_o diuretic_n and_o purge_v medicine_n and_o a_o instance_n not_o much_o inferior_a be_v the_o translation_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o a_o empyreuma_n so_o as_o to_o be_v void_v by_o stool_n or_o urine_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v myself_o that_o when_o i_o have_v be_v present_a at_o the_o dissection_n of_o a_o dog_n who_o blood_n smell_v very_o rank_a the_o excrement_n evacuate_v by_o siege_n some_o time_n after_o will_v retain_v that_o odour_n and_o a_o famous_a surgeon_n and_o anatomist_n relate_v that_o one_o who_o be_v ill_o of_o a_o dropsey_n judge_v to_o arise_v from_o a_o schirrus_n of_o the_o spleen_n by_o apply_v a_o large_a sponge_n dip_v in_o quick-lime-water_n to_o the_o region_n of_o the_o spleen_n the_o schirrus_n be_v dissolve_v and_o the_o hydropical_a humour_n evacuate_v and_o galen_n tell_v we_o that_o part_n of_o the_o humour_n collect_v upon_o the_o break_n of_o a_o bone_n be_v discharge_v through_o the_o skin_n whilst_o the_o callus_fw-la be_v a_o form_n and_o not_o to_o repeat_v what_o argument_n have_v be_v already_o make_v use_n of_o to_o prove_v the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n substance_n in_o general_a that_o the_o nail_n of_o animal_n be_v porous_a may_v be_v argue_v from_o their_o aptness_n to_o be_v tinge_v with_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la or_o of_o gold_n in_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la the_o former_a give_v they_o a_o dark_a and_o black_a colour_n and_o the_o latter_a ting_v they_o with_o purple_a spot_n which_o will_v continue_v till_o by_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o nail_n they_o be_v force_v to_o be_v pare_v off_o and_o one_o thing_n in_o these_o tincture_n worthy_a our_o notice_n be_v that_o though_o the_o menstruum_n be_v acid_n and_o corrosive_a yet_o the_o tincture_n be_v not_o the_o taste_n of_o the_o tincture_n of_o silver_n be_v bitter_a and_o the_o other_o styptic_a and_o the_o same_o method_n may_v be_v take_v to_o prove_v the_o porosity_n of_o ivory_n since_o a_o tincture_n of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_n thing_fw-mi it_o with_o a_o dark_a and_o blackish_a colour_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wash_v off_o and_o i_o have_v long_o since_o try_v that_o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n will_v give_v it_o a_o sine_fw-la purple_a colour_n and_o that_o too_o when_o both_o the_o ivory_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v cold_a copper_n dissolve_v in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la stain_v ivory_n with_o a_o bluish_a colour_n and_o even_o in_o the_o cold_a without_o the_o use_n of_o corrosive_n i_o have_v stain_v ivory_n with_o a_o permanent_a blue_n like_o a_o turquois_n by_o suffer_v a_o solution_n of_o copper_n in_o sal-armoniac_a to_o dry_v upon_o it_o but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o porosity_n of_o bone_n it_o may_v be_v argue_v from_o the_o marrow_n find_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o they_o since_o nourishment_n must_v needs_o be_v convey_v to_o it_o and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o blood_n vessel_n penetrate_v at_o the_o least_o some_o depth_n into_o the_o substance_n of_o bone_n though_o the_o juice_n receive_v from_o they_o may_v afterward_o be_v convey_v through_o the_o more_o internal_a part_n of_o they_o for_o we_o see_v that_o the_o low_a jaw_n be_v perforate_v by_o a_o nerve_n and_o also_o a_o vein_n and_o a_o artery_n to_o carry_v and_o return_v blood_n for_o the_o nourishment_n of_o the_o tooth_n and_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o blood-vessel_n have_v be_v observe_v by_o good_a anatomist_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o substance_n of_o large_a bone_n and_o blood_n have_v not_o only_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o bone_n of_o young_a animal_n but_o in_o the_o spongy_a substance_n of_o several_a large_a bone_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v in_o favour_n of_o their_o porosity_n the_o blackness_n which_o they_o acquire_v when_o put_v into_o a_o competent_a heat_n and_o the_o fatness_n which_o they_o afford_v as_o also_o their_o specific_a lightness_n and_o their_o aptness_n to_o be_v corrode_v with_o sharp_a menstruum_n and_o bone_n be_v observe_v in_o moist_a wether_n not_o only_o to_o grow_v heavy_a but_o they_o imbibe_n the_o moisture_n of_o the_o air_n so_o much_o as_o evident_o to_o swell_v and_o to_o these_o instance_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v what_o observation_n i_o have_v make_v on_o large_a ox-bone_n nou._n 15._o we_o weigh_v two_o entire_a or_o unbroken_a marrowbone_n and_o find_v the_o one_o to_o weigh_v twenty_o nine_o ounce_n half_a a_o dram_n and_o the_o other_o twenty_o four_o ounce_n four_o dram_fw-la and_o thirty_o grain_n november_n 24._o the_o former_a weigh_v twenty_o nine_o ounce_n six_o dram_fw-la and_o the_o latter_a twenty_o five_o ounce_n one_o dram_n and_o thirty_o grain_n december_n 28._o the_o former_a weigh_v twenty_o nine_o ounce_n three_o dram_fw-la and_o fifty_o five_o grain_n and_o the_o latter_a twenty_o four_o ounce_n seven_o dram_fw-la and_o thirty_o nine_o grain_n june_n seven_o the_o next_o year_n the_o former_a weigh_v twenty_o nine_o ounce_n two_o dram_fw-la and_o the_o latter_a twenty_o four_o ounce_n seven_o dram_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o bone_n be_v porous_a since_o they_o imbibe_n and_o lose_v moist_a effluvia_fw-la again_o and_o that_o there_o may_v be_v vessel_n fine_a enough_o in_o the_o substance_n of_o bone_n to_o convey_v nourishment_n may_v be_v render_v probable_a by_o what_o the_o learned_a sennertus_n have_v observe_v viz._n that_o hair_n be_v cut_v in_o the_o plica_fw-la polonica_fw-la they_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o bleed_v so_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o bundle_n of_o cylindrical_a pipe_n and_o as_o a_o further_a instance_n of_o the_o porosity_n of_o bone_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o mercury_n have_v be_v find_v lodge_v in_o the_o bone_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v salivate_v in_o the_o pox._fw-la and_o the_o same_o be_v attest_v by_o eustachius_n rudius_fw-la apud_fw-la sennet_n lib._n 5._o de_fw-la morbis_fw-la acutis_fw-la cap._n 15._o and_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v serve_v to_o favour_v the_o use_n of_o annulet_n and_o periapta_n or_o at_o least_o discountenance_v their_o be_v too_o sudden_o reject_v chap._n ix_o of_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o human_n blood_n part_n 1._o contain_v a_o list_n of_o title_n for_o the_o history_n of_o human_n blood_n blood_n of_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o human_n blood_n before_o i_o proceed_v to_o enumerate_v the_o title_n lay_v down_o for_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o human_a blood_n it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o advertise_v that_o the_o first_o set_v which_o i_o call_v primary_n and_o to_o which_o those_o in_o the_o appendix_n be_v secondary_a one_o consist_v of_o such_o as_o offer_v themselves_o to_o the_o view_n at_o the_o first_o sight_n which_o need_v not_o be_v either_o nice_o methodical_a or_o accommodate_v to_o any_o hypothesis_n the_o second_o class_n consist_v of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v range_v into_o a_o better_a order_n be_v of_o a_o great_a extent_n and_o more_o comprehensive_a so_o that_o one_o topick_n may_v be_v branch_v into_o several_a subordinate_a one_o or_o secondary_a title_n and_o from_o the_o material_n draw_v together_o under_o this_o head_n may_v be_v deduce_v a_o set_a of_o title_n reduce_v into_o a_o inchoate_n natural_a history_n of_o the_o subject_a they_o have_v relation_n to_o and_o since_o the_o subject_a to_o be_v treat_v of_o be_v very_o difficult_a or_o comprehensive_a as_o the_o generation_n of_o live_v creature_n magnetism_n fermentation_n gravity_n etc._n etc._n it_o may_v be_v useful_a if_o not_o necessary_a to_o interpose_v betwixt_o the_o title_n of_o the_o last_o and_o those_o of_o the_o first_o order_n a_o set_a of_o title_n that_o may_v be_v call_v of_o the_o middle_a order_n or_o classis_fw-la in_o which_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v more_o narrow_o look_v into_o title_n of_o the_o first_o order_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o healthy_a men