and apply them Poultis-wise to the place grieved as hot as conveniently may be endured For a Swelling in the Throat or under the Ears Take Neetsfoot-oyl a pint of the leaves of Marigolds a handfull Saffron a dram and of white Bread four ounces boil them together till they become the thickness of a Poultis and apply them hot to the place grieved To draw or break a Boyl or Vlcerons Sore c. Take the flowers of Lady-cups the roots of Cuccowpintle the leaves of Burdock and the flowers or roots of Water-lillies of each half a handfull boil them in a quart of Linseed-oyl and Mash them into a smallness which done apply them Plaster or Poultis-wise binding them hot to the place grieved as conveniency directs An excellent Poultis to asswage any Pain or superate Tumour Take the leaves of Mallows half a handfull of Groundsel one handfull boil them in running-Running-water till they may be made into a Mash then add to them a pint of Cream and two ounces of crumbled Wheaten-bread of Mutton-suet half a pound Oyl of Roses two ounces and the Whites of two Eggs boil them all till they become the thickness of a Poultis and in that manner apply it to the place grieved renewing it as you see occasion A Poultis to break any Infectious Sore Take of Lilly-roots two ounces Marshmallows and Violet-roots of each the like quantity Rye-meal and Linseed-oyl of each four ounces of Barley and Wheat-meal each an ounce to these add two blew Figs of the flowers of Cammomoil half an ounce and the bark of Elder-roots the like quantity boil them stamped and well bruised till they may be strained into a pulp then add again Barrows-grease and Oyl of Almonds of each two ounces and apply it to the place till you perceive it drawn to a head after which you may Lance it and with a Plaster of Diaculum draw out the Infectious matter and heal the griewed part To disperse the Flux or Oppression of Blood in any part Take Frankincense Alloes Dragon's blood and Bole-armorick of each half an ounce the Whites of two Eggs and the Wool of an old Hare mingle them well in a pint of Aquavitae and let them boil till they come to a thickness then Plaster-wise apply them to the place grieved as hot as may be endured For an Imposthume or sudden Swelling in any part of the Body Take French Barley a pound bruise it with the like quantity of Linseed shread to them a handfull of Marshmallows and seeth them together in a quart of new Milk till they come to a solid thickness then as hot as may be endured apply them to the Swelling and so continue to do for four or five days successively In case of the Palsey in the Head a disease seldom happening to Horses apply this Poultis viz. Take a large Onion roast it well then put to it an ounce of the Oyl of Spike Olive-oyl and Lavender-flowers of each two ounces Marjorum and Winter-savory of each half a handfull well shread boil these and apply them as a Poultis hot as may be well endured And thus much in brief of things in this kind AS for Balms and Balsoms seeing they are wonderfull usefull on sundry occasions I think it not amiss to speak something more of them and their use by way of Receipt And first To heal and contract any Wound Take of Mummy three ounces Alloes Epatick half the quantity Stone-pitch two ounces Sarcol half an ounce Gum-arabick and Mastick of each a quarter of an ounce add to these half a pint of Aquavitae melt and order them over a gentle fire till they become a Balm and then as occasion serves dipping a Linnament in the contracted Medicament apply it to the Wound as often as is convenient An inward Balm to destroy Worms and heal Internal Bruises Take Oyl of Turpentine half a pound Myrrh Storax and Galbanum of each an ounce Cloves and Cinamon in Powder of each half an ounce Deer's-suet half a pound and of Amber-grease a dram make them into a Balm over a gentle fire and give the Horse in warm Ale the quantity of a Walnut fasting An excellent Balm in case of any Sprain Internal Bruise Swelling Blasting old Sore or Gun-shot Take of Turpentine an ounce Galbanum two ounces Cicatrine Mastick Cloves Galingal Cinamon Nutmegs Cubebs of each an ounce Gum of Jope half an ounce beat them and well incorporate them then distill them over a gentle fire in a Glass and when the thinest part is drawn off the next will be a Red Oyl and that is it which is to be applied with the greatest success though the first is wonderfull efficacious and usefull on many occasions An excellent Balm to be given a Horse inward in case of a Consumption Take of the best Turpentine a pound Pine-Rosin a fourth part Myrrh Frankincense and Mastick of each two ounces Sarcocoâ— Mace Wood of Alloes of each an ounce and of Saffron half an ounce put them in a Glass retort in hot Embers and after the Water or the clearer part is drawn off there will come forth a redish Oyl which may be given him four drams in a morning fasting suffering him to take it in half a pint of warm Ale. An excellent Red Water to cure Vlcers Make a Lye of Ashwood-ashes that a gallon of the liquid part may be drawn from it and add to it a gallon of Tanners Ousey in which no Leather has been steeped steep in these two pounds of Madder and dissolve half a pound of Roach-Allom then let them simper over a soft fire till a third part be consumed after which run it through a fine Sieve and dust into it Bole-armorick which done set it again over the fire till it come to half the quantity and so as you see occasion you may wash the place grieved with it An excellent Water to allay any Internal heat or feaverish Indispondency Take of Savory Sorrel Bugloss Burrage and Endive of each a handfull chop them small and boil them in two quarts of Running-water scuming it till half be consumed and add as much Verjuyce as will make it up the first quantity sweeten the Liquid part with brown Sugar and reserve it for your use giving the Horse half a pint at a time fasting In case a Horse be troubled with the Stone an excellent Water Take two quarts of new Milk and of Saxafrage Parsley Mint Fennel Pellitory of the Wall Mother Thyme green Sage and the roots of Radishes each an ounce bruise the latter adding two quarts of White-wine and so if your conveniency will admit distill them if not boil them and strain out the Liquid part and give him half a pint at a time having first scraped into it the Powder of a roasted Nutmeg For any disease in the Eyes another excellent Water c. Take of Maiden-hair and Ground-ivy a handfull of each the flowers of Arch-angel the like quantity the powder of Alablaster two ounces
and of the roots of Wormwood dried and beaten into powder an ounce distill or well concoct these and when you have so done wash the Eye grieved by dipping a feather into the Liquid part An excellent Purgation for Gravel in the Bladder or Kidnies Of Parsley-roots take a handfull white Saxafrage and Ashen-keys or the bark of the Ash-tree root of each an ounce of Paristone a herb so called half a handfull Eringo-roots sliced two ounces boil them with half a pound of Coreander-seeds in a gallon and a half of new Ale and give the Horse a pint of the Liquid part of drink as hot as he can well endure it For the Vlceration of the Yard an excellent Water Take Spring water a gallon quench in it a hot Iron and Flint-stones very often infuse into it the leaves of red Roses or Rose-cakes four ounces Pomgranet-pills and the flowers of the same each half an ounce add of the Juyce Plantane and Housleek each half a pint of Allom and white Copras each half an ounce boil them over a gentle fire and inject the Liquid part into the Yard with a Syringe and it will effect in often using the Cure. An excellent Powder for the Falling-sickness or Falling-Evil in a Horse c. Take the roots of Elder dry them in an Oven till they may be beaten into a Powder add the Powder of a roasted Nutmeg and Storax each an ounce the Ashes of the Wool of a Fox half an ounce and of the Powder of Calamint a dram mix these well and give him half an ounce at a time in a quarter of a pint of Canary A Powder for the Ague which frequently happens especially to young Horses Take the herb Mercury Plantane-leaves Cardus Benedictus and Rue of each half a handfull dry them that they may be beaten to Powder and give the Horse an ounce of it in a quart of Ale wherein two handfulls of Centaury have been boiled as hot as he can well endure it and so renew the Dose as you shall find occasion To purge Choler and Phlegm an excellent Powder Take of Turbith an ounce Ginger Cinamon Mastick Gallinga and Alloes Epatick of each half an ounce Diagredium Ruburb and Seney of each a dram dry bruise and make them into a Powder giving the Horse the whole quantity at two Doses in warm Ale or Milk. An excellent Bath to allay any Swelling or such-like disorder especially diseases in the Legs occasioned by the descending of evil humours c. Take the roots and bark of Pomgranet the flowers of Comfory and of Acorns each a handfull Cammomoil and Fumitory of each a handfull black Helebore and Hysop the like quantity boil them in a gallon of Water and when a third part is consumed apply with a Woollen-cloth the remainder to the place grieved as hot as may be well endured A Bath to soften and mollifie the Skin Take the roots of Marshmallows and white Lillies bruise them with Penegreek-seeds Peletory of the Wall and Violet-leaves the flowers of Cammomoil and Melliot each an ounce Neatsfoot-oyl the Oyl of Lillies and Hog's Lard each four ounces add to them all a quart of Water boil and strain out the Liquid part using it as hot as may be by way of Application c. To stanch Blood in any Vein or Artery Take Alloes Epatick and Olibanum of each half an ounce and the Wool of an old Hare bruise them with the White of an Egg and spread them on Cotton-wool binding them to the place and there suffering them to continue till such time as you find the Blood is turned back and the Film knit together which will be within the space of two or three days An excellent Medicament to provoke a Horse to Vomit aâ— also to purge his Belly Take Elder-root Rind bruise it small to the quantity of two ounces the like quantity of Spurge-lawrel and Turmerick let them steep in a pint of White-wine a night and a day and give the Liquid part to the Horse very warm An excellent Purge good on sundry occasions Take Senne Coriander-seeds Alloes and the Juyce of Savin of each an ounce steep and bruise them in a quart of Ale then give him the Liquid part fasting as hot as may be well endured for two mornings successively ordering him well as to his Dressing and Diet that he neither over-feed nor catch cold For a Joynt-sickness Take Ant 's Eggs together with some of the Ants a small quantity add the Keys of an Ash-tree the Roots of Briony and those of Burdock boil them in Whey and with the Liquid part anoint the Joynts as hot as may be well endured binding up and keeping your Horse warm c. For an Internal Vlcer Take of Bees-wax four ounces Turpentine the like quantity Conserve of Red Roses an ounce Deers-suet two ounces Storax half an ounce Myrrh the like quantity and Oyl of sweet Almonds as much as will make them into a Balsom and give it the Horse an ounce at a time in a pint of warm Ale. An excellent Electuary for a dangerous Cough or ratling Cold. Take Germander Horehound Hysop Agremony Bittony Liverwort and Hart's-tongue of each a handfull clean stripped and washed boil them in three pints of Water till they are very soft and till the Water be consumed that they may be mashed into a thickness then add the Powder of Licoris Elecampane-roots and Honey so much as will make it into an Electuary and by so doing and giving each morning the quantity of a Walnut to your Horse fasting it will wonderfully help him Many may be farther taken notice on of this kind but these being the rarest newest and the best Approved I hope the Practitioner will have such satisfaction herein that he will need no more CHAP. XXIII The Symptoms of Diseases Sorrances Distempers Grievances or the like in general and particular how to foresee them and prevent them as also to know when they happen c. HAving passed over all the Material Diseases and Sorrances any ways incident hurtfull or dangerous in the plainest safest and easiest Method It now remains that I speak something of the Symptoms of Diseases and Distempers in general that they may be the brieflier comprehended and afterward give directions for making Unguents Salves Poultises Clysters Suppositories Purging-potions c. which ought always to be kept in a readiness for sundry uses and emergent occasions with such reasonable directions as may add to what has been already treated of And of these in their order The Curious as I have formerly hinted have ever had a great regard to the Complexion of a Horse thereby to draw from thence more than bare conjectures of the bodily state or constitutions relating to health or sickness And since too much of this kind cannot be well laid down nor more than sufficiently handled I shall make these further Observations than what hitherto I have made The Strangles are signified by the hanging out and unseemly colour of
spice of former surfeits not perfectly cured Having let your Horse blood take him up into a warm Stable and prepare two ounces of Alloes Sucatrina finely beaten to Powder Rowl them up in Butter that has been tempered with the Juyce of Rue and give him the composition in pellets as big as Walnuts in the morning fasting having prepared his body for the reception thereof by dieting him some days before with scalded Bran and boiled Barley refusing on this occasion to give him hard meats till three days after suffering his drink to be White-water and that very warm Now this White-water is no other than water wherein Flower or Bran is scattered or Bread finely grated and sifted c. For a Cold in the Summer when the Horse is defective in filling or by too rank feeding Take of the Powder of the Root of Scabeous an ounce and a half of red stone Sugar half a pound and of Olive-oyl four ounces add to these half a pint of Canary or as much as will dissolve them to a thinness that the Horse may easily swallow them and so give them to him luke-warm in a Drenching-horn and after them a gentle heat in such manner that the humours may be stirred and brought away by Excrement of Sweat Urin c. And this may be given in case of any extraordinary over-heating by Racing and the like A through Splint or Screw-pin what it is together with the Cure. This Sorrance happens on both sides of the Legs so opposite one to the other as if it riveted it and from thence takes the denomination of Screw-pin and is a kind of a sinewy Excressence Wherefore to remove it for it is very troublesome to the Horse Take the handle of a Hammer or the Blood-stick and beat it therewith on either side till you have reduced it to a softness then having an ounce of the Oyl of Riggrum or by some called Reggium anoint it therewith and bind a cloth about it and by frequent dressings the Excressence will sink and restore the Leg to a flatness for want of the before mentioned Oyl Take that of Petrollium and it will work much the like effects To render a brittle Hoof firm and serviceable Take of the Juyce of Garlick and Rue or Herb-a-grace of each four ounces Powder of burnt Roach-Allom half a pound Hog's-grease and new Cow-dung of each a pound mix them altogether and being made into a Poultis over a gentle fire apply it hot to the hoof binding it about it and stuffing it in under the shooe and in often renewing it the cure will be perfected To Cure the Anbury Sear it off with a sharp hot Iron and having Hog's-grease and Verdegrease well tempered together anoint the Roots therewith at sundry times c. To prevent a Horse's pissing Blood an excellent Remedy Take the herb called Harts-Tongue half a handfull Piony-roots sliced an ounce the Juyce of Bettony half a pint boil them in stale Beer and give them him as hot as he is capable to endure the Liquid part only and so continue to do in the morning fasting for a week together and the defect will cease For a broken Knee the Remedy Take Urin heat it well and wash the Sorrance easing it of the Gravel if any be contracted by falling or the like Then take Turpentine an ounce Rosin the like quantity Hog's Lard two ounces and the blades of Leeks a handfull with two ounces of the Powder of burnt Allom bruise the Leeks press out the Juyce and melt it with the rest to the thickness of a Salve and then spreading it Plaster-wise apply it to the place grieved anointing it between whiles with Oyl of Coreander-seeds or Anniseeds For the Dropsey in a Horse This distemper proceeds from the looseness of the flesh occasioned by moist and unwholsome feeding whereby flegmatick and watry humours are ingendred in the blood which sweating as it were through the Veins are retained between the skin and the flesh or in the spongy flesh occasioning Tumours and unseemly swellings To remove which Take two handfulls of Parsley-seeds the like of Anniseeds and Bay-berries with one handfull of Juniper-berries bruise them together in a Mortar and boiling them in Verjuyce sweetned with brown Sugar give the Horse to the quantity of a pint to drink first and last chafing the swelled or tumorous places with your hand or hard wisps of Hay and so continuing them for a week together you will find the flesh become firm and the watry humours disperse To joyn a Sinew that is cut Cleanse the Wound with the Juyce of Nettles and white Sugar then take the Oyntment of Tobacco and a Plaster of Diaculum apply them and bind up the Wound very strait For a Wound or Hurt in the Tongue a Remedy This Sorrance being occasioned by the Halter oâ— Bitt in having to do with too hard a hand To cure it Take of the Juyce of Sallendine half a pint as much of that of Bugloss heat them over a gentle fire adding two ounces of Honey of Roses and as much Allom and with them anoint the grieved place and you will find it quickly heal For the Itch in the Tail or any other part This disorder proceeds from rank blood through foul feeding Therefore having bled your Horse well Take Wood-ashes a peck Burdock-roots a handfull or two Man's Urin two gallons and the like quantity of water wherein Tobacco-stalks have been steeped boil them up into a Lye and with it wash the grieved part when it is very hot Another excellent Remedy for the Tetter Take of the Roots of Elecampane and red Dock of each a handfull steep them a week in Urin adding two handfulls of Bay-salt boil them in the Urin till from two quarts it become one and with it wash the Sorrance after it has been well rubbed and chafed that the Liquids may the better sink in For a Hurt or Wring in the Withers This commonly happens by the straitness of the Saddle or indiscretion of the Rider and is known by a Swelling or Tumour on the Back c. To remedy this Take a handfull of wheat-Wheat-flower wet it with half a pint of White-wine Vinegar adding three ounces of Honey and an ounce of Juyce of Hemlock mix them well over a gentle fire and apply them Plaster-wise to the place grieved Or for want of these Take Water wherein Barley and Fennel have been boiled and wash the places with it as warm as may well be endured Worms of any sort in the Body of a Horse how to kill and remove them Take a handfull of the tops of Broom and of Savin the like quantity bruise them together with as much Featherfew then with fresh Butter and Treacle make them up into balls the bigness of Pigeon's Eggs and when he is fasting in the Morning give him three of them and let him fast three hours after then give him Oats but refrain giving him Water till the Evening and in this
a handfull Briany-root an ounce boil them in a quart or three pints of Water then strain out the Liquid part and having sweetned it with Sugar-candy give it him hot and tend him that he catch not cold To purge Melancholy Take Scammony a dram the Juyce or Seeds of black Helebore two ounces dissolve the former in and mingle the latter with a pint of warm Ale and give it him to drink fasting To purge Phlegm Take of the Juyce of Ivy-leaves or berries half an ounce or the Decoction of them being very strong add the grains of Cochneal two ounces the roots of Fern washed and sliced two ounces Colocinthius an omnce make of these a drench with White-wine give it the Horse warm and keep him two hours after fasting CHAP. XXV Clysters how to make them and on what occasion they ought to be applied in order to their effectual working and bringing away bad humours SInce Clysters in case of Internal distempers are very necessary I cannot omit them but proceed amongst other things to speak of such as cannot but be usefull and especially those that are capable of purging the several humours or at least ways to cause an evacuation of those crudities they have contracted in the bowels And in this case if your Horse is very laxative which frequently is occasioned by flegmatick humours Take of the Juyce of Pelletory of the Wail a quarter of a pint add to it Verjuyce and Olive-oyl of each half a pint and of stale Beer a quart boil them together to the consumption of a sixth part and being warm put them into your Glister-bag and force them up the body of the Horse and by binding down his Tail suffer them to remain there if possible for the space of an hour and give him thereupon Water wherein Scabeous has been concocted In case of any Pestilential disease occasioned by a cholerick or firey humour Take of the Seeds of Colloquintida cleared from the husks half an ounce the Juyce of Centaury and Wormwood of each an ounce Castoreum half the like quantity Juyce of Wood-sorrel two ounces and half a pint of Olive-oyl concoct them in two quarts of Water a little sweetned with brown Sugar and force it into the Horse's body using him as before is mentioned For any Internal distemper proceeding from Melancholy Take Anniseeds and the Seeds of Mallows beaten to Powder of each an ounce boil them with a small quantity of Savin in a quart of Whey or Skim-milk then add a quarter of a pound of fresh Butter and so having well strained out the Liquid part give it him in his Fundament luke-warm For any distemper Internal occasioned by sanguine corrupt Blood or watry Humours by means of bad concoction or obstruction c. Take of the leaves and roots of Marshmallows a handfull Violet-leaves double the quantity Linseed and Coriander-seeds of each a handfull white Lilly-roots an ounce the Juyce of Senne the like quantity with the latter boil them in two quarts of Water to the consumption of a third part and then add Oyl of Olives a pint and give it him warm Clyster-wise For Sickness in general an approved Clyster Take of the Oyl of Dill and Cammomoil of each an ounce the Oyl of Cassa half an ounce the Juyce of Violet-leaves two ounces Then having concocted a good quantity of Mallows in two quarts of Water strain out the Liquid part and put the fore-mentioned Ingredients therein and administer them blood-warm This in all violent diseases especially is singular good In case of Restringency or hard Binding Take the Juyce of Fumetory a quarter of a pint the Syrup of Roses two ounces and as much of the Oyl of Bays Neatsfoot-oyl half a pint and of the Juyce of Mulberries two ounces add to these a pint of new Milk and force them up the Horse's Fundament very warm and so upon other the like occasions Observe in giving of Clysters that the quantity must in all probability be reduced or augmented according to the quality or temperature of the Horse Now note that if the Horse be never so large and in good case three quarts is an extraordinary dose and one quart an indifferent one so that I leave it to the discretion of the Practitioner to regulate the Liquid part as he sees convenient least by over-charging the Horse's bowels it burst forth before it has opportunity to work as it ought or by being under-charged it wants of its force to stir the humours and cause such an evacuation as is required And so submitting this to the discretion or judgment of those that shall make experiment I proceed to other matters altogether as necessary to be understood both as to what relates to the preservation of health and remedy of sickness CHAP. XXVI Cordials Cordial-Powders Drinks and Drenches Purgations and Suppositories wonderfully conducing to the health and strength of a Horse Diapente an excellent Powder in case of any cold or Pestilential disease To make it TAke Gentia Baccalani Round Aristolochia Myrrh and the Powder of Storax of each an ounce bruise them distinctly and pass the Powder through a fine Sieve and when you see occasion give the Horse from two to four drams in Muscadel or other sweet Wine as warm as may be and keep him from catching cold or for want of Wine give it him in strong Ale but Wine is better An excellent Cordial-Ball to be given in case of any Internal distemper and especially to prevent the Consumption or wasting any part c. Take dried Foxe's Lungs an ounce Methridate two ounces Powder of Licoris and that of the Seeds of Coriander of each an ounce the Powder of Cinamon and Pomgranet-seeds of each an ounce Spruce-beer or the Lees of Claret half a pint Thicken it with Allom-flower till the whole mass be infused therein and may be made up into balls as big as Walnuts and then give him one at a time as you see occasion sending after it a hot Drench of Ale or new Milk. This and the former being put into a glass or gally-pot and close stopped up will keep in a dry place a twelve month An excellent Drench to cure any Internal distemper proceeding from any of the four Humours of the Body c. especially such as are Pestilemial Having let your Horse blood if necessity by the Symptoms I have named in the foregoing part of the book requires it Take a handfull of Baum and as much Wormwood dry them till they may be rubbed into a Powder mix with the Powder the Juyce of Rue four ounces the Powder of grated Nutmeg well dried an ounce four grains of the Oyl of Amber and two of Bezora-stone dissolve these in a quart of Ale and give the Drench to the Horse as hot as is convenient and let him stand fasting two hours in a dry Stable after them For want of what is before mentioned Take Anniseed and the Seeds of Cardamums of each an ounce Bay-berries and Fenegreek-seed the
down to the best advantage suffering him to cool and contract an equal temperature of body Thus having done as you see your Horse without over-straining will conveniently bear it lead him a Mile or thereabout to some pleasant River or Spring and suffer him to drink moderately and then Exercise him as before Which done give him a second Watering and after that another Exercise ever observing to Exercise him before and after watering which done ride him easily home and coming to the Stable-door alight suffering your Horse to stale or dung in the foul litter the which if he refuse freely to do provoke him to it by whistling clapping or waving your Switch raising the Straw under him and reaching him upon it which will often if not always oblige him to it Custome giving him an insight into what you would have him to do This done lead him in and fix him upon the clean Litter take off the Saddle and Body-cloth rubbing him down and cleansing him as before after which put on the Cloths girt them gently with Sirsingles and for the easement of his lying down put wisps between of loose and soft Hay or Straw Being thus cloathed pick his Feet and stop them with Cow-dung casting into the Rack a small bottle of Hay well tyed up it being well dust and let him tear it out at leasure whilst he stands on his Bridle Your Horse having stood for the space of an hour rub his head well with a Hempen-cloth and having cleansed the Manger draw his Bridle and take about three pints of large white Oats well dressed sweet and dry free from light Oats or such as are defective for the preparing of which you ought to have a small Wire Sieve These being given to your Horse and if with a good stomach he eat them you may give him a quart more and suffer him to rest till towards noon at what time run over those parts the Cloth covers not with a Rubber and having cherished him with your hand and voice give him a quart of Oats more doing the like at one and three of the Clock in the Afternoon or if it be in the Summer-time you may stay till four and when it is near Sun-set having rubbed and clad him at all points as in the Morning lead him forth and Air him upon hard level ground not too subject to stones Gallop him gently Water him in due order as has been observed and bring him home In like manner when you have obliged him to stale and dung dress him cloath him and suffer him to stand on the Bridle till such time as he has torn out of the Rack a small bottle of Hay at what time give him another quart of Oats the Manger being made clean and leave him till about nine of the clock the same Evening at what time coming to him again cheer him with hand and voice Rouse up his Litter and giving him another quart of Oats leave him to his repose till the next Morning and so order him every day for the first fortnight daily increasing his Exercise and Keeping the Stable as dark as may be both for his quiet and the better obliging him to feed and by so doing you will find the advantage CHAP. VII Heats what they are and how to be managed to the best advantage in Racing and all other Recreatory undertakings IN consideration of Heats and Exercise they are somewhat different the former being a more violent course than the latter and therefore twice a week is sufficient for Heats the days being as equally distant from each other as may be one of them being observed to on the day of the week answering the day whereon the Race is to be run Observing likewise not to give any Heat in rainy weather unless necessity compel you thereto for it is better to vary hours or days than so to do and on such emergent occasions you must provide your Horse a linnen Hood made of thick Canvass with a Bearing on the Nape of the Neck and covering over the Ears so that none but the Eyes and Nose appear The Heats you give in case of wholsome weather being to be given an hour before it is dark and as soon as day springs but not in the dark for two Causes As first to prevent unwholsome Airs and lastly stumbling tripping slipping or falling The manner of Heating thus observed the next thing to be considered is the manner of Usage and Diet for the second Fortnight Touching the first of these there needs no great distinction between it and what has been premised only before his Bridle be put on in the Morning you must give him about three pints of the best Oats well sifted after the eating of which dress him up and Bridle him Cloath Saddle Air Water and return him in like manner only what Hay you give suffer him to take it out of your hand and let him eat a pretty quantity if he desire it and while he does so let him stand upon his Bridle as also draw not the Bitt till an hour after then having rubbed him all over give him a quart more of well-sifted Oats and from this time forward make a Diet-bread to give him with his Oats c. according to direction CHAP. VIII How to make the Bread of the first Make and what ought to be observed in the Distribution thereof With many other things TAke to the quantity of three pecks of good Beans Splent and well cleansed from the Husks a peck of good Wheat mix them well and grind them into fine Flowre or Meal and having bolted and dressed them make them into Dough with store of Yest and hot Water break and tread it that thereby it may prove the shorter which ought to be done in a Kneading-trough after that cover it with a warm cloth and set it by the fire till it swell then knead it again and being well moulded make it up into the bigness of three peny Loaves soak them well and when they are drawn from the Oven turn the botâ—â—ms upwards and suffer them to cool and at the end or three days paring off the crust the Loaf being dry and in good order crumb it amongst the Oats but if it be too moist or clammy you must dry it in slices before the fire or suffer it to grow staler always putting a third part of Bread small crumbled to the Oats And on this quantity of Provinder suffer him to rest till about eleven of the clock at what time renew the quantity of Bread and Oats and leave him again till one in the Afternoon or longer if the next day be not his Heating-day But if the next day you intend to give him a Heat then give him only a quart of the best Oats and when he has eaten them put on his Bridle and tye him up not forgetting to rub him and do what else is convenient as Dressing Airing Watering bringing him home and putting him into the Stable
it an ounce of well-washed Alloes And observe in this case above all things to keep him warm The falling-Evil its Cause and Remedy This distemper is caused by a vapour that oppresses or anoys the Vital parts rendering the frame of the body for a time sensless and altogether unable to distinguish what befalls it and has its original from an evil habit of body and its approach is frequently known by the coldness of the Nose and Gristles thereabout The speedy at least the best Remedy is to let him Blood on both the Neck-veins in the Morning when he is fasting and then prepare a dose of the Powder of dried Berries of Misletoe and the Powder of Harts-horn each an ounce of the Oyl of Nutmeg and Pepper each a dram compound them in half a pint of Canary and give it the Horse when you perceive the grief to be coming on him as warm as may be The sleeping-Evil what it is and the way to remedy it This is a distemper frequently occasioned by the over-moistness of the Brain or rather a watery coldness contracted within the cells which chills and numbs the Brain whereby the Horse becomes dozed heavy and stupid ever desirous to sleep yet still troubled with restless dreams and disorders and owes its original to moist feeding in Marshey-grounds whereby abundance of phlegmatick and watery humours have been contracted And in this case likewise letting Blood in both the Neck-veins is much available But further to perfect the cure Take Cammomoil and Motherwort of each a like quantity boil them in a Gallon of Running-water with a pound of Treacle and a handfull of Bay-leaves and give the Horse a pint each Morning fasting as hot as he can endure it keeping him warm and fasting for the space of an hour after and then of Malt or scalded Bran make him a warm Mash The Horse-Pestilence and its Cure. The Pestilence in Horses is either contracted by bad feeding which occasions a corruption or inflamation of the Blood whereby the Heart is afflicted or it happens by being in foggy and infectious Airs or catched by contageon And in any of these cases Take Lavender a handfull the like quantity of Rue and Wormwood as also of Walnut-tree Leaves and an ounce of Alloes boil them in a quart of Water or three pints of Milk till half be consumed then add half a pound of fresh Butter or rather if you can get it half a pint of the sweetest Olive-oyl and straining out the liquid part give it the Horse fasting in the Morning blood-warm repeating a fresh dose every other Morning for the space of a week For Chest-foundering the Remedy To know whether your Horse be Chest-foundered or not observe him standing and if then he do as it were stand drawn up or crimpling with his body or stradling and covet much to lye down running sometimes backward in his going then is it apparent he is afflicted with this grievance To cure which Take Oyl of Peter half an ounce mix it with an ounce of the Oyl of Cammomoil and so proportionably a greater quantity as you see occasion and bathe the Breast with a hot Woollen cloth and when you have in that manner chafed it as well as you can run a hot Iron over it to make it sink into the Skin Do this twice or thrice and give the Horse a quarter of a pint of Salad-oyl and the like quantity of Aquavitae warmed and well mixed together over a gentle fire For an Obstruction in the Bladder or Windiness in the Bowels use this Approved Medicine Of Cake or Castle-soap take twelve ounces scrape it so that it may be rendered very small adding two ounces of Dialthaea Incorporate them well and make them up into balls as big as Pigeons Eggs and when you find your Horse afflicted as aforesaid dissolve one of them in a pint of Ale or Beer and give it him scalding-hot or so hot as he can take it without danger and it will force a passage for the Urin without much difficulty This is also good for the Stone or Gravel in the Kidneys The Pole-Evil how to know and Cure. The Pole-Evil is known by its growing bigger than ordinary on the top of the head where if you find it large take a hot Iron and sear it in a circle after the form of the Figure till the Skin become as it were of a yellowish colour then with a sharp Iron make holes in it one large one in the middle small ones circling it within the first Circle the form of the Iron which must not penetrate above half an Inch you have in the Margin The holes made as directed Take a piece of yellow Arsnick to the bigness of a Pea and divide that or a somewhat larger quantity that a part may be applied to every hole made as aforesaid and cover it over with black Soap then with Hog's Lard and Verdegrease anoint the rest of the place seared and cover it all over with a cloth dipped in the Oyl of Turpentine and so by the corrosive nature of the Arsnick the contracted swelling will be so loosened that with a little cutting or drawing off the bottom the core or cause of the grievance may be drawn out or taken away and this frequently especially according to the constitution of the Horse may be attempted in a week or ten days after the application and having washed the wound with plantane-Plantane-water wherein a small quantity of Allom has been dissolved anoint it with Oyl of Roses or Ointment of Tobacco and cover it up close from the Air anointing it once a day till the flesh fill up the hollowness and if proud flesh appear notwithstanding scald it with Salt and Butter The Fistula how to discover and cure A Fistula is the contraction and settlement of bad humours or infection into one place occasioning an Ulcerous Tumour and is best suppressed by Cauterizing in circling it round to prevent its further spreading and likewise to deny the humours that feed its access and when you have with a hot Iron circled it as the former prick it full of holes with a three-square sharp Instrument the Figure of which and of the Circle take notice of in the Margin and so use it in all respects as that of the Pole-Evil if you find it very corrupt but if it appear shallow mitigate the Corrosives to half the quantity and search it in a shorter time letting out the Corruption if it will come forth by applying Lenitives c. And when you find it begin to heal anoint it first with Oyl of Cammomoil and after that to take the effects of the fire quite away with Oyntment of Marshmallows beaten with the White of an Egg or Spermaceti Hard Kernels under the Throat how to remove Take half a pint of Brandy or Aquavitae put into it a quarter of a pound of common Soap boil them till they become thick as a Plaster and apply it Plaster-wise to the place
Recordal and of roots and flowers Burdock-roots Horse-radish roots the roots of white Lillies Garlick Onions Cuccow-pintle Featherfew Briany the leaves of Coleworts Celendine the great Suthernwood butter-Butter-flowers Ground-ivy the flowers of Mare-blabs Senna saxafrax-Saxafrax-water Lillies Hollyhawks Scabeous Rue Baresfoot or Elebore c. The Application of which I leave to the discretion of the Practitioner to make it as he sees convenient or consistent with the nature of the distemper And so proceed to speak something of Rowelling another necessary thing to be known Rowelling what it is and how to be performed Rowelling is no other than making an Incision in the flesh or rather skin by taking it up with a bodkin or other instrument so that a ring of hair cord or leather may be fastned in it anointed with grease oyl or other things thereby to keep the skin from closing upon it that in the nature of an Issue the corrupt humour may be voided And this is commonly fixed in the breast or shoulder of a Horse for a strain slip or swelling And for your better instruction observe as thus Take a Pen-knife or other sharp knife and slit the skin right down for the length of an Inch or more gently raising it with a flat stick and so do on the other side about half a fingers breadth distant so that the skin being parted from the flesh you may run your finger quite through and so put your Rowel in well anointed and turn it about every other day freshly anointing it And though this be the general way of Rowelling yet the French make a slit or hole only and hollow the skin from the flesh in circle like a Crown piece and then cutting a piece of stiff unallom'd Leather to the bigness with one indifferent big hole in the middle and four smaller ones as the Figure in the Margent then anoint it with Lard or Oyl of Marshmallows and put it in so that the Orifice may be left open for the corruption to issue out through a short quill which they fasten therein running likewise a Needle and Thread through the four small holes to prevent its turning about or wearing downwards and so by raising up the skin and blowing the wind into the spongy flesh cause the putrefaction to gather and descend that so by the evacuation of the humours the grievance may find a cure and that it may lye the closer draw two strong stitches overthwart as you perceive in the second Figure and let it continue till you perceive the humours well evacuated and then cutting the stitches take it out And thus have I discussed the Material things relating to this Science From whence I proceed to other things highly necessary to be known as in the Second Part of this Book your discretion may direct you c The Compleat MANAGERS The Compleat FARRIER THE SECOND PART Containing many Rare Experiments relating to Horses and Horsemanship c. in such exactness and variety as has not hitherto been made publick to the World. The Manner of Breaking a Horse the best way and perfecting him in his Paces c. and preserving him from danger c. HAving thus far advanced in this great undertaking as I well hope with success I now think it highly necessary for the better encouragement of the Reader to add such rare Secrets and other matters as I doubt not but will confirm him in the sincere endeavour I use to render him in the practice both Profit and Pleasure Having Back'd your Horse in the latter end of the fourth or beginning of the fifth year and by gentle means rendred him easie and complyable which by rating beating and haring cannot be so well brought to perfection as by cherishing and encouraging him though sometimes it must be with gentle correction that he may be the better brought to understand himself Then the next thing materially to be considered is to what use you design him that to the same end you may reduce him to Pace Amble Trot Gallop or the like as either of them may best concur to his advantage Wherefore that none may plead ignorance herein I shall treat of them in their order briefly and effectually When you mount a Horse with the intention before mentioned you must if he be an unmanaged Horse observe chiefly the correction or encouragement of the Voice Bridle Switch Spur Calves of the Legs Stirrops and the Ground all of these being properly used in the true Management of a Horse But being to be observed as the discreet Rider shall see occasion for the best advantage it would be impossible for me to set down directions of this kind though in general I must say that they must be done with discretion and in season or else instead of redounding to the facilitating of Management they may turn much to its disadvantage in rendring the Horse restiff or hardning him in the Vice of going backward And now as the true Amble is the justest measure a Horse can take to ground him in and render him sensible of all other motions I proceed in the first place to give directions how and by what means he must be brought to undertake it with ease and cheerfulness for if the contrary happen he will hardly be brought to the perfection you wish Observe when your Horse is well broke that he will patiently endure the Bitt and the Rider that you take him into Plough'd land not too deep nor cloggy by reason of Clay or lying low nor must it be done in wet weather nor suddenly after a showre And here Rack him a good going pace till he begins to be a little warm and feels his Legs well And so do often morning and evening straining and forcing him ever now and then beyond that pace when as you will in a short time perceive him to fall into a kind of an Amble but so shuffling that it is not fit for him long to continue it in this manner least by custome it becomes habitual though in ancient times this was the way both held and practiced whereby the Horses were brought to the motion of Ambling But since time and experience has furnished us with better it would be ingratitude not to embrace them And therefore for brevity sake passing over the various discourses and opinions of some that hold it best for a Horse to fall out of a Gallop into an Amble of others that would oblige him to it by Loading him with excessive weights and some again and those not a few that would have him brought to it by hand between two Rails Others there are and they more erronious than any I have named who would have the Horse loaded with shooes of extraordinary weight to force him thereto which by often using he must consequently be disabled to perform any motion as he ought And indeed opinions in this case are so many and various that it would be endless in a manner to trace them many of which though guilded with seeming
as may be and with keen Nettles rub his Fundament â—aying Hemlock or Ars-smart called by many Hounds-tongue under his Saddle next to his back If a Horse be Restiff and refuses to go but will run on one side or go backward cramp his Stones with a cord and bring it up between his fore-legs giving him a twitch when you perceive him froward and it will oblige him to advance especially if you keep his Reins even with a steady hand but if a Mare or Gelding which yields no such advantage be troubled with any such Vice you must have a Crupper with a Brass or Iron-plate fastned a little above the Tail through which may come two or more sharp points like Needles at such time as the Crupper is moved or strained and then when you find your beast practice the Vice strain the Crupper with your hand and it will enter the flesh and force the beast to leap forward This Vice generally comes by a Horses not being backed in time or through the ill management of the Breaker or Rider To prevent the Troublesomeness of a Horse's Neighing which may prove disadvantageous to the Master especially in time of War. Take a long slip of Red cloth dip it in the Oyl of Linseed and strew on it the Powder of Elecampane-roots and on that burnt Allom fasten it round the Horse's Tongue as near to the Root as may be and so long as it there remains you may secure your self your Horse can make no noise And this Art Darius the Great Persian King was said to use to the Horse of his Competitors for the Kingdom by Bribing theiâ— Grooms when the Election depended upon the Neighing of the first Horse If a Horse be dull and will not feel the Spur withouâ— much wounding Take the following Directions tâ— make him go very nimble with or without a Spur. Scrape off the hair in the Spurring-places on either side lay a Plaster of Rosin and Bees-wax to soften the skin then prick it full of holes so that they may just pass through it which done take burnt Allom and Copras and rub therein or you may do it with Powder of Glass beaten very fine and these entring the holes will by a little festring cause such a soreness that he will run forward upon the least touch with your heel which having a while used him to you may heal the Sore with Hog's grease Bees-wax and Olive-oyl made into an Oyntment with the Powder of Alloes To make a lean Horse artificially fat or to seem so to the Buyer Take a Horse lean but not extraordinary old rub and comb him will put him into a warm Stable Then Take a pound of Anniseeds the like of the Powder of Licorish half a pound of the Flower of Brimstone and half a pound of Dates stoned with six ounces of the Powder of Elecampane-roots bruise them well together till they may be reduced to what fineness you think convenient then with a peck of fine Flower two quarts of Milk and the Yolks of a dozen Eggs make them up into balls as big as Pullet's Eggs give him four of these in a morning and after them a quart of new Wort then give him half a peck of Oats and after that a Mash made of Bran boiled Barley and Lupins giving him in all circumstances the like in the evening blowing up his Flanks and the hollowness of his Eyes with quills suffering him to drink but very little and so in a week or ten days he will look very plump and fair to the eye but being afterward neglected or kept at hard meat the spungy kind of flesh or fat so gotten will suddenly fall away and leave perhaps the unskilfull buyer possessed with an opinion that his Horse is bewitched To make a lean Horse really fat the best and cheapest way In this case as in many other people are generally wedded to their opinions but Experience being the best Master I shall deliver therefore what has been faithfully proved and found effectual And so to bring your expectation to a period Take your Horse from Grass or Soil and if the season admit Blood and Purge him gently that so the crudities that hinder the kindly operation of the nutriment may be removed which done rub and loosen his skin and wash him all over with the Decoction of Hysop Savin Rue and Fumitory which will not only cleanse him from Scurf and other contracted filth but render him a kindly heat and breathing Then give him each morning before his hard meat a Ball as big as a Tennis-ball or such a one as he can conveniently swallow made of Honey rye-Rye-flower the Powder of Licorish burnt Allom-powder and the Powder of Hart's-horn And after his hard meat which must be given in due proportion Water wherein Dandelyon-roots Rosemary and Fennel have been concocted and in it Bran or Flower dusted and let his hard meat be Oats Splent-beans and sweet Hay Airing him morning and evening and accommodating him with fresh Litter and good Dressing by which means in a Month he will be fat and lusty have sound and solid flesh and be fitting for any company To make the Hair of a Horse that stands rough and staring smooth and sleek If you would have your Horse smooth and handsome so that your self and others may take delight in him Take a French Brush and rub his hair the contrary way fetching out by that means the dirt and scurf so that the Horse being freed therefrom the hair may lye closer and smoother then draw your Brush and Curry-comb the right way and having laid the hair as smooth as it will be then if the weather be seasonable let him Blood in the Neck-veins and after that pass over him with your hand or a cloth dipped in Oyl of Bays and at convenient times wash him with the Decoction of Cammomoil and keep him well dressed and at good diet To make Hair come where it is thin or to take it away where it is thick The hair being thin which is uncomely in a Horse Take the Ashes of Fern four ounces the Oyntment of Marshmallows two ounces a dram of the Oyl of Petrolum and an ounce of the Powder of Bithwort-roots wash or anoint the place with them mixed with a like quantity of Oyl and Wine adding thereto an ounce of the Honey of Roses and continue so to do for a month together Or for want of these you may wash the Horse with a Lye made of the Ashes of Pease-straw wherein the green husks of Walnuts and Red Sage have been concocted To take off hair Take Soot of Wood two ounces Oyl of Tartar two drams the Calcine of Egg-shells half an ounce with an ounce of unslaked Lime make them into a Plaster with Oyl of Spike and apply it to the place you design to have bare or thinner the hair at that time being close clipped Stars Blazes Snips what they are and how to make them for Ornament or Disguise in any