substantial_a form_n be_v examine_v i_o shall_v brief_o consider_v the_o physical_a argument_n usual_o allege_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o they_o the_o first_o be_v the_o spontaneous_a cool_n of_o hot_a water_n a_o action_n usual_o attribute_v to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o substantial_a form_n which_o may_v be_v plausible_a be_v it_o not_o otherwise_o to_o be_v explain_v for_o body_n esteem_v cold_a have_v their_o part_n in_o a_o less_o agitation_n than_o the_o natural_a juice_n about_o the_o sensory_a cause_n that_o sensation_n but_o when_o the_o part_n of_o that_o water_n by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v put_v into_o a_o violent_a motion_n strong_a than_o that_o of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n about_o our_o sensory_a it_o become_v hot_a which_o hot_a water_n be_v remove_v from_o the_o fire_n and_o the_o agitation_n of_o its_o part_n be_v diminish_v it_o return_v to_o its_o just_a temperature_n to_o effect_v which_o a_o substantial_a form_n be_v no_o more_o requisite_a than_o 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and_o a_o corrosive_a menstruum_fw-la yet_o have_v all_o the_o quality_n of_o natural_a vitriol_n and_o as_o to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o argument_n viz._n that_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n can_v not_o be_v unite_v into_o one_o without_o a_o sustantial_a form_n i_o answer_v that_o a_o connexion_n of_o part_n convenient_o figure_v be_v sufficient_a as_o when_o a_o pear_n be_v graft_v on_o a_o white-thorn_n or_o a_o plum_n be_v inoculate_v on_o a_o apricock_n there_o be_v a_o union_n of_o two_o different_a form_n mere_o by_o a_o connexion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n and_o the_o part_n graft_v or_o inoculate_v receive_v nourishment_n as_o natural_o as_o if_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v join_v by_o a_o substantial_a form_n to_o a_o stock_n of_o the_o same_o form_n and_o texture_n with_o themselves_o another_o instance_n of_o union_n by_o a_o connexion_n of_o certain_a figure_a part_n we_o have_v in_o glass_n where_o the_o particle_n of_o sand_n be_v link_v together_o with_o the_o saline_n once_o by_o the_o help_n of_o colliquation_n and_o the_o violent_a action_n of_o the_o fire_n but_o to_o conclude_v i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a that_o it_o be_v allege_v in_o favour_n of_o substantial_a form_n that_o they_o render_v natural_a philosophy_n much_o more_o perfect_a and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o imperfect_a without_o they_o which_o come_v to_o no_o more_o than_o that_o if_o we_o must_v not_o explain_v thing_n difficult_a by_o thing_n unknown_a we_o must_v be_v imperfect_a where_o i_o think_v the_o imperfection_n be_v not_o at_o all_o remedy_v for_o shall_v it_o be_v ask_v why_o jet_n attract_v straw_n or_o why_o rhabarb_n be_v a_o cholagogue_n and_o the_o answer_n shall_v be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o substantial_a form_n it_o will_v be_v all_o one_o as_o to_o say_v by_z i_o know_v not_o what_o because_o those_o form_n be_v unknown_a be_v therefore_o in_o thing_n pure_o appertain_v to_o natural_a philosophy_n unwilling_a to_o believe_v what_o be_v not_o intelligible_a i_o shall_v leave_v the_o doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n to_o those_o that_o have_v clear_a head_n than_o myself_o and_o shall_v rather_o proceed_v upon_o intelligible_a principle_n modification_n the_o form_n of_o a_o body_n be_v its_o essential_a modification_n i_o shall_v therefore_o brief_o intimate_v what_o have_v be_v deliver_v before_o concern_v our_o notion_n of_o form_n viz._n that_o the_o form_n of_o a_o body_n be_v its_o essential_a modification_n and_o though_o matter_n at_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o thing_n have_v both_o form_n and_o motion_n from_o the_o wise_a creator_n of_o thing_n yet_o now_o the_o various_a form_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o the_o effect_n of_o local_a motion_n which_o divide_v and_o various_o transpose_v and_o so_o alter_v both_o the_o texture_n and_o form_n of_o natural_a body_n though_o i_o say_v at_o the_o creation_n the_o part_n of_o matter_n be_v guide_v by_o a_o supreme_a power_n so_o as_o to_o convene_v into_o a_o orderly_a and_o well_o contrive_v fabric_n chap._n iu_o consideration_n concern_v subordinate_a form_n as_o they_o be_v usual_o hold_v by_o several_a learned_a modern_a philosopher_n it_o be_v usual_o hold_v by_o several_a modern_a philosopher_n that_o beside_o the_o specific_a form_n of_o a_o body_n form_n the_o notion_n of_o modern_a philosopher_n concern_v subordinate_a form_n there_o be_v several_a subordinate_a form_n in_o determinate_a part_n of_o it_o subservient_fw-fr to_o that_o which_o be_v the_o common_a form_n of_o the_o whole_a substance_n and_o which_o upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o a_o body_n become_v specific_a form_n themselves_o the_o specific_a form_n which_o preside_v over_o they_o before_o be_v destroy_v as_o when_o in_o a_o live_a animal_n the_o soul_n which_o be_v the_o specific_a form_n of_o that_o animal_n body_n be_v separate_v from_o it_o the_o form_n which_o be_v before_o lodge_v in_o every_o part_n as_o subordinate_a
observe_v that_o though_o such_o vacuity_n be_v necessary_a to_o constitute_v fluid_a body_n yet_o they_o be_v only_o so_o to_o use_v school-term_n as_o removens_fw-la prohibens_fw-la i._n e._n they_o prevent_v the_o inconvenience_n which_o must_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o a_o plenitude_n viz._n want_v of_o liberty_n to_o move_v or_o in_o other_o word_n as_o they_o dispose_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n to_o yield_v to_o each_o other_o motion_n and_o here_o i_o will_v note_n that_o though_o in_o most_o liquid_a body_n this_o doctrine_n may_v take_v place_n yet_o i_o conceive_v it_o not_o altogether_o absurd_a to_o question_v whether_o matter_n may_v not_o be_v so_o exquisite_o agitate_a and_o divide_v as_o to_o fill_v up_o these_o vacuity_n and_o to_o be_v squeeze_v into_o any_o figure_n as_o occasion_n require_v but_o not_o to_o spend_v time_n in_o examine_v this_o point_n at_o the_o present_a i_o shall_v proceed_v fluidity_n a_o perpetual_a motion_n if_o part_v requisite_a to_o fluidity_n 3._o to_o the_o principal_a and_o last_o requisite_a in_o modify_v a_o fluid_a body_n which_o be_v that_o all_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n shall_v be_v separately_z and_o various_o move_v up_o and_o down_o either_o by_o virtue_n of_o some_o subtle_a matter_n diffuse_v through_o their_o substance_n or_o a_o inherent_a quality_n of_o their_o own_o for_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o solid_a and_o fluid_a body_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o this_o viz._n that_o the_o part_n of_o solid_n be_v at_o rest_n and_o not_o so_o apt_a to_o yield_v to_o the_o pressure_n of_o one_o finger_n as_o the_o part_n of_o liquids_n be_v which_o be_v in_o motion_n since_o the_o latter_a be_v already_o agitate_a to_o and_o fro_o it_o be_v much_o more_o easy_a to_o guide_v that_o motion_n than_o to_o put_v the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n into_o motion_n who_o part_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o motion_n must_v be_v at_o rest_n till_o move_v by_o a_o agent_n powerful_a enough_o to_o put_v 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experiment_n salt-petre_n then_o may_v become_v a_o fluid_a body_n either_o by_o have_v the_o particle_n of_o it_o dissolve_v in_o water_n so_o that_o they_o may_v move_v up_o and_o down_o and_o to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o impression_n of_o a_o external_n agent_n as_o the_o other_o part_n of_o that_o liquid_a do_v or_o it_o may_v put_v on_o a_o liquid_a form_n by_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o moist_a cellar_n where_o by_o run_a per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la the_o salt-petre_n will_v be_v dissolve_v and_o put_v on_o so_o far_o the_o form_n of_o a_o liquid_a as_o to_o have_v all_o its_o part_n in_o a_o agitation_n sufficient_a to_o rank_v it_o among_o fluid_a body_n but_o salt-petre_n may_v put_v on_o a_o liquid_a form_n without_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o liquid_a body_n as_o first_o it_o may_v be_v reduce_v to_o so_o fine_a a_o powder_n as_o to_o resemble_v a_o liquid_a in_o the_o pour_v of_o it_o out_o of_o one_o vessel_n into_o another_o beside_o the_o other_o requisite_n of_o a_o fluid_a body_n viz._n that_o it_o have_v vacuity_n betwixt_o its_o part_n and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v easy_o put_v into_o motion_n only_o they_o differ_v from_o the_o part_n of_o liquid_n in_o some_o respect_n since_o the_o powder_n have_v not_o its_o part_n always_o in_o motion_n beside_o the_o vacuity_n be_v more_o sensible_a but_o notwithstanding_o if_o by_o the_o force_n of_o fire_n each_o of_o these_o part_n be_v again_o subdivide_v those_o insensible_a corpuscle_n be_v violent_o agitate_a make_v up_o a_o fluid_a body_n so_o the_o particle_n of_o metal_n be_v by_o the_o same_o agent_n separate_v and_o put_v into_o motion_n do_v not_o only_o move_v various_o one_o among_o another_o but_o be_v sometime_o toss_v a_o considerable_a height_n into_o the_o air._n and_o not_o only_a fire_n but_o some_o other_o body_n which_o be_v sensible_o cold_a may_v provide_v the_o texture_n and_o motion_n of_o their_o part_n be_v right_o dispose_v reduce_v several_a substance_n to_o a_o liquid_a form_n so_o camphire_n put_v on_o the_o form_n of_o a_o oil_n when_o swim_v upon_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o when_o salt-petre_n be_v by_o the_o action_n of_o fire_n endow_v with_o a_o fluid_a form_n it_o be_v equal_o a_o fluid_a as_o when_o incorporate_v with_o water_n there_o be_v very_o little_a difference_n betwixt_o these_o two_o state_n of_o nitre_n only_o that_o in_o the_o former_a the_o agent_n which_o keep_v the_o nitrous_a part_n in_o motion_n be_v more_o volatile_a and_o brisk_a and_o divide_v it_o into_o small_a part_n without_o make_v a_o addition_n to_o its_o bulk_n but_o perhaps_o it_o will_v be_v a_o scruple_n whether_o the_o powder_n of_o nitre_n be_v a_o imperfect_a fluid_n when_o pour_v out_o or_o rather_o like_o a_o heap_n of_o sand_n not_o reduce_v to_o a_o permanent_a state_n of_o fluidity_n to_o remove_v this_o scruple_n we_o may_v take_v powder_n of_o alabaster_n or_o instead_o of_o it_o plaster_n of_o paris_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o by_o put_v it_o into_o a_o hot_a vessel_n by_o the_o continue_a action_n of_o the_o fire_n the_o part_n of_o that_o powder_n will_v be_v so_o agitate_a and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o more_o spirituous_a part_n keep_v in_o motion_n as_o to_o boil_v and_o emit_v steam_n like_o a_o fluid_a body_n and_o altogether_o resemble_v a_o coherent_a substance_n yet_o if_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o the_o fire_n it_o again_o subside_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n though_o for_o once_o again_o it_o will_v assume_v the_o form_n of_o a_o liquid_a if_o expose_v to_o a_o competent_a degree_n of_o fire_n yet_o when_o the_o ebullition_n of_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v most_o violent_a if_o a_o small_a portion_n of_o it_o be_v throw_v upon_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n it_o appear_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o very_a fine_a powder_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o fluidity_n depend_v on_o a_o vehement_a and_o various_a agitation_n of_o part_n which_o fluidity_n the_o same_o body_n may_v be_v deprive_v of_o by_o lose_v that_o intestine_a motion_n on_o what_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o fluids_n depend_v on_o and_o thus_o it_o brief_o appear_v how_o much_o motion_n contribute_v to_o the_o fluidity_n of_o body_n and_o here_o though_o it_o will_v be_v very_o desirable_a to_o determine_v what_o be_v the_o essential_a cause_n of_o that_o motion_n yet_o since_o it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o too_o much_o intricacy_n it_o be_v by_o some_o hold_v to_o be_v inherent_a in_o matter_n and_o by_o other_o to_o be_v promote_v by_o impulse_n i_o shall_v rather_o pass_v it_o by_o than_o enter_v upon_o a_o examination_n of_o those_o two_o point_n especial_o since_o there_o will_v be_v the_o same_o necessity_n of_o discuss_v other_o which_o equal_o relate_v to_o the_o cartesian_a principle_n it_o may_v therefore_o suffice_v in_o short_a that_o neglect_v the_o unintelligible_a doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n we_o rather_o ascribe_v it_o to_o those_o catholic_n affection_n of_o matter_n motion_n shape_n and_o situation_n but_o to_o omit_v what_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o deliver_v concern_v these_o catholic_n affection_n of_o matter_n we_o shall_v observe_v what_o this_o experiment_n further_o afford_v we_o we_o be_v therefore_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v a_o difference_n remarkable_a betwixt_o a_o fluid_a and_o a_o body_n which_o have_v a_o quality_n of_o wet_n body_n which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o they_o since_o every_o wet_a body_n be_v fluid_a but_o not_o vice_fw-la versâ_fw-la for_o air_n flame_n melt_v liquor_n or_o salt-petre_n though_o fluid_a be_v all_o void_a of_o a_o wet_n quality_n quality_n humidity_n a_o relative_n quality_n whence_o we_o be_v lead_v to_o consider_v that_o humidity_n be_v but_o a_o relative_n quality_n depend_v on_o the_o congruity_n that_o one_o body_n
black_a but_o also_o one_o saturate_v with_o copper_n a_o succedaneum_n to_o which_o may_v be_v make_v by_o add_v to_o sulphur_n as_o it_o melt_v over_o the_o fire_n and_o equal_a proportion_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n fine_o powder_v stir_v they_o till_o they_o incorporate_v and_o become_v red_a which_o mixture_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n retort_n with_o half_a its_o weight_n of_o salarmoniack_a dissolve_v in_o water_n let_v it_o be_v distil_v in_o sand_n shift_v the_o receiver_n as_o the_o liquor_n draw_v off_o be_v tinge_v more_o or_o less_o so_o that_o the_o strong_a may_v be_v preserve_v by_o itself_o and_o such_o trial_n as_o these_o will_v be_v of_o more_o use_n than_o those_o usual_o make_v with_o a_o bare_a tincture_n of_o gall_n since_o there_o be_v several_a mineral_n substance_n and_o other_o body_n which_o mineral_n water_n may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o which_o discover_v not_o themselves_o in_o a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n as_o sulphur_n or_o copper_n may_v be_v so_o lock_v up_o in_o these_o water_n as_o not_o to_o be_v perceive_v till_o the_o body_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v open_v by_o some_o proper_a additament_n and_o even_o arsenic_n itself_o may_v be_v so_o disguise_v as_o not_o to_o be_v perceive_v when_o mix_v with_o the_o water_n yet_o if_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la be_v drop_v into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o it_o present_o precipitate_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o white_a powder_n and_o so_o likewise_o if_o a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n be_v add_v to_o it_o they_o whether_o mineral_n water_n have_v arsenic_n dissolve_v in_o they_o but_o to_o discover_v whether_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o arsenic_n or_o not_o i_o put_v dantzick_n or_o english_a vitriol_n into_o a_o solution_n of_o it_o either_o of_o which_o cause_v a_o dark_a precipitate_v gradual_o to_o subside_o 14._o whether_o spirituous_a acid_n volatile_a alkalys_n or_o lixivial_a salt_n will_v precipitate_v such_o water_n 15._o the_o manner_n of_o extract_a salt_n from_o such_o water_n and_o what_o quantity_n may_v be_v extract_v guess_n may_v be_v make_v concern_v the_o saltness_n of_o these_o water_n by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v lather_n with_o soap_n and_o if_o not_o what_o quantity_n of_o curdle_a matter_n they_o will_v yield_v i_o have_v observe_v that_o even_o the_o light_a water_n will_v yield_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o common_a salt_n 16._o how_o to_o discover_v what_o acidity_n be_v to_o be_v find_v without_o evaporation_n have_v take_v a_o peculiar_a method_n to_o try_v the_o acidity_n of_o mineral_n water_n by_o mix_v they_o with_o a_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la in_o simple_a water_n i_o find_v that_o though_o german_a spa_n yield_v a_o small_a quantity_n yet_o in_o that_o of_o action_n there_o be_v none_o discernible_a 17._o what_o may_v be_v observe_v by_o distillation_n in_o balnco_n 18._o what_o and_o whether_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n be_v afford_v by_o evaporation_n and_o distillation_n 19_o whether_o mineral_n water_n will_v acquire_v the_o same_o quality_n and_o texture_n by_o a_o reunion_n of_o their_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n when_o distil_v to_o such_o a_o consistence_n in_o glass-vessel_n exact_o lute_v which_o they_o have_v before_o 20._o what_o change_n if_o any_o mineral_n water_n undergo_v by_o be_v boil_v in_o water_n in_o a_o glass_n hermetical_o seal_v from_o whence_o may_v be_v learn_v whether_o a_o change_n of_o quality_n will_v succeed_v a_o alteration_n of_o texture_n without_o a_o manifest_a loss_n of_o part_n and_o whether_o a_o agitation_n of_o part_n without_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o air_n will_v precipitate_v any_o thing_n or_o deprive_v it_o of_o its_o power_n to_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n purple_a 21._o how_o much_o the_o mineral_n water_n exceed_v their_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n in_o proportien_n 22._o what_o part_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n and_o whether_o dissoluble_a in_o water_n 23._o how_o much_o the_o saline_n and_o terrestrial_a part_n differ_v in_o proportion_n 24._o whether_o in_o strong_a fire_n the_o salt_n be_v volatile_a or_o fix_a and_o to_o what_o degree_n 25._o whether_o the_o salt_n will_v crystallize_v per_fw-la se_fw-la or_o with_o other_o salt_n and_o what_o be_v the_o figure_n of_o the_o genuine_a or_o compound_v crystal_n 26._o whether_o acid_n or_o alkaline_n quality_n be_v most_o predominant_a the_o acidity_n will_v either_o appear_v to_o the_o taste_n or_o smell_v or_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n red_a as_o also_o by_o make_v use_n of_o a_o infusion_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la which_o upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o acid_n lose_v its_o blue_a colour_n their_o acidity_n may_v likewise_o be_v discover_v by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v be_v precipitate_v by_o alkalys_n or_o ferment_n with_o they_o and_o if_o alkaly_n be_v predominant_a it_o on_o the_o contrary_n discover_v itself_o by_o a_o lixivial_a taste_n and_o smell_v and_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a or_o precipitate_v a_o solution_n of_o sublimate_n or_o ferment_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la or_o last_o by_o increase_v the_o colour_n of_o a_o tincture_n of_o brasil_n or_o log-wood_n in_o common-water_n and_o though_o we_o have_v no_o such_o spring_n here_o in_o england_n as_o afford_v alkaline_a salt_n yet_o without_o question_n in_o egypt_n such_o may_v be_v find_v since_o their_o latron_n or_o the_o egyptian_a nitre_n abound_v with_o a_o salt_n of_o a_o alkaline_a nature_n and_o i_o have_v obtain_v such_o a_o alkaly_n from_o that_o famous_a water_n of_o bourbon_n in_o france_n which_o will_v turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o ferment_n with_o volatile_a acid_n if_o such_o water_n abound_v with_o vitriol_n they_o will_v turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n black_a and_o vomit_v those_o that_o drink_v they_o and_o if_o a_o alkaly_n be_v add_v will_v yield_v a_o yellow_a precipitate_v upon_o drop_v of_o spirit_n of_o urine_n or_o salt_n of_o tartar_n into_o they_o i_o have_v not_o find_v any_o of_o the_o water_n about_o london_n to_o be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o france_n the_o mineral_n water_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n that_o there_o be_v a_o vitriolate_a spring_n in_o that_o kingdom_n as_o for_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o salt_n which_o most_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o i_o think_v that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o any_o glass_n but_o be_v either_o svi_fw-la generis_fw-la and_o a_o peculiar_a one_o or_o a_o compound_v salt_n make_v up_o of_o such_o as_o the_o water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o in_o its_o passage_n through_o the_o earth_n and_o that_o purgative_n salt_n may_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n be_v make_v of_o salt_n not_o at_o all_o purgative_n i_o the_o rather_o believe_v because_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v by_o a_o ingenious_a empiric_n that_o a_o salt_n which_o i_o make_v of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o common_a sulphur_n mix_v together_o have_v a_o gentle_a purge_v virtue_n 27._o in_o what_o menstruum_n the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n may_v be_v dissolve_v and_o in_o what_o it_o may_v not_o whether_o volatile_a or_o fix_v and_o what_o quality_n it_o have_v in_o respect_n of_o colour_n or_o smell_n afford_v what_o proportion_n of_o salt_n mineral_n water_n afford_v it_o be_v to_o be_v admire_v what_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n some_o mineral_n water_n yield_v in_o comparison_n of_o other_o since_o those_o water_n which_o be_v pure_o diuretic_n have_v very_o little_a if_o compare_v with_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n of_o purge_v water_n for_o though_o a_o pound_n of_o barnet_n water_n yield_v a_o drachm_n yet_o the_o same_o weight_n of_o tunbridge_n afford_v but_o a_o grain_n and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n of_o a_o mineral_n shall_v impregnate_n so_o much_o water_n as_o i_o have_v by_o trial_n find_v a_o grain_n of_o iron_n stone_n do_v enable_v it_o to_o tincture_n a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n deep_a than_o tunbridge_n or_o german_a spa_n water_n will_v and_o i_o have_v try_v that_o half_o a_o grain_n of_o marchasite_n dissolve_v in_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n communicate_v a_o tincture_n to_o 61440_o part_n of_o water_n though_o part_n of_o that_o marchasite_n be_v sulphur_n and_o part_n of_o it_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n and_o here_o it_o may_v be_v seasonable_a to_o take_v notice_n that_o if_o so_o small_a a_o portion_n of_o a_o metalline_a substance_n will_v when_o gross_o dissolve_v impregnate_n so_o large_a a_o quantity_n of_o water_n how_o much_o more_o may_v it_o when_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o subtle_a mineral_n fume_v and_o as_o in_o such_o a_o form_n it_o may_v impregnate_n a_o large_a quantity_n of_o water_n so_o will_v it_o be_v
come_v through_o it_o that_o they_o appear_v to_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o greenish_a blue_n and_o the_o like_v succeed_v with_o a_o leaf_n of_o silver_n experiment_n x._o i_o be_o tell_v that_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la be_v use_v in_o the_o country_n where_o it_o grow_v as_o a_o excellent_a medicine_n against_o the_o stone_n which_o virtue_n monardes_n likewise_o ascribe_v to_o it_o give_v in_o infusion_n a_o infusion_n of_o this_o wood_n if_o it_o be_v not_o too_o strong_a will_v appear_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n to_o be_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n except_o that_o upon_o the_o top_n it_o will_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o sky_n colour_a circle_n but_o if_o your_o eye_n be_v place_v betwixt_o the_o window_n and_o the_o vial_n the_o liquor_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v of_o a_o lovely_a blue_n and_o this_o experiment_n have_v succeed_v by_o candle_n light_n if_o the_o liquor_n be_v hold_v partly_o before_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o light_n and_o partly_o betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o opacous_a body_n it_o will_v half_o of_o it_o seem_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n and_o half_a a_o blue_n but_o if_o turn_v your_o back_n on_o the_o window_n you_o observe_v the_o liquor_n as_o it_o be_v pour_v out_o it_o will_v at_o the_o first_o seem_v blue_a but_o when_o it_o have_v fall_v low_a and_o the_o ray_n of_o light_n penetrate_v it_o more_o it_o will_v seem_v particoulour_v if_o a_o little_a of_o this_o tincture_n be_v pour_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n partly_o in_o the_o sun_n beam_n and_o partly_o shade_v it_o will_v afford_v several_a please_a phaenomena_n if_o some_o of_o it_o be_v pour_v upon_o white_a paper_n the_o drop_n about_o it_o will_v appear_v of_o different_a colour_n as_o the_o position_n of_o the_o eye_n in_o reference_n to_o they_o vary_v and_o when_o it_o be_v pour_v off_o the_o paper_n will_v be_v dye_v yellow_a and_o if_o this_o be_v place_v in_o a_o window_n in_o the_o sunshine_n and_o a_o pen_n hold_v betwixt_o the_o sun_n and_o part_n of_o the_o paper_n the_o verge_n of_o the_o shadow_n next_o the_o body_n that_o cause_n it_o will_v be_v golden_a and_o the_o other_o blue_n which_o phenomena_n proceed_v from_o the_o most_o subtle_a part_n of_o the_o wood_n swim_v in_o the_o water_n and_o in_o several_a position_n various_o reflect_v the_o ray_n of_o light_n some_o of_o this_o liquor_n be_v careful_o distil_v it_o yield_v a_o colourless_a limpid_n water_n a_o deep_a ceruleous_a liquor_n remain_v behind_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o salt_n of_o hartshorn_n be_v mix_v together_o i_o observe_v that_o it_o require_v a_o certain_a proportion_n betwixt_o the_o liquor_n and_o the_o salt_n which_o enable_v it_o to_o vary_v its_o colour_n so_o that_o though_o i_o be_v induce_v to_o believe_v that_o our_o tincture_n receive_v its_o colour_n from_o a_o salt_n disperse_v through_o it_o yet_o i_o suspect_v that_o this_o salt_n will_v be_v either_o alter_v or_o incorporate_v by_o acid_n salt_n and_o according_o dropping_z spirit_n of_o vinegar_n into_o some_o of_o the_o tincture_n it_o lose_v its_o blue_n but_o not_o the_o golden_a colour_n but_o upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la that_o correct_v the_o acid_n salt_n it_o present_o regain_v its_o blue_a colour_n again_o the_o ponderous_a tartarous_a liquor_n first_o alter_v the_o bottom_n of_o the_o liquor_n and_o gradual_o rise_v again_o and_o since_o kercherus_n art_n mag._n lucis_fw-la &_o umbrae_fw-la lib._n 1._o part_n 3._o write_v something_o of_o this_o exotic_a plant_n which_o agree_v not_o with_o our_o account_n of_o it_o since_o he_o say_v it_o will_v according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o light_n and_o its_o several_a position_n vary_v its_o colour_n yet_o from_o the_o account_n he_o give_v of_o it_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o wood_n he_o make_v use_v of_o be_v different_a from_o we_o since_o he_o call_v it_o a_o white_a mexican_n wood_n whereas_o we_o as_o monardes_n witness_n be_v bring_v from_o nova_n hispania_n and_o be_v not_o of_o a_o white_a but_o a_o dark_a colour_n except_o on_o the_o outside_n which_o part_n be_v much_o weak_a than_o the_o other_o beside_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o his_o tincture_n be_v like_o spring_n water_n when_o hold_v betwixt_o the_o light_n whereas_o we_o be_v yellowish_a or_o reddish_n as_o the_o tincture_n be_v weak_a or_o strong_a and_o since_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o tincture_n will_v afford_v all_o sort_n of_o colour_n and_o resume_v a_o ceruleous_a colour_n in_o the_o dark_a i_o can_v wish_v to_o know_v how_o he_o be_v convince_v of_o the_o latter_a and_o as_o for_o the_o former_a i_o have_v try_v that_o it_o will_v not_o at_o all_o answer_n though_o this_o i_o must_v needs_o own_o that_o have_v hold_v a_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la in_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o darken_a room_n partly_o in_o and_o partly_o out_o and_o also_o whole_o out_o of_o the_o beam_n but_o partly_o near_o they_o it_o afford_v a_o much_o great_a variety_n of_o colour_n than_o in_o a_o lighten_v room_n in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a to_o be_v admire_v that_o the_o blue_a colour_n shall_v be_v so_o easy_o destroy_v whereas_o the_o yellow_a colour_n be_v so_o durable_a and_o further_o that_o acid_n salt_n shall_v destroy_v it_o and_o sulphureous_a one_o restore_v it_o a_o corollary_n of_o the_o ten_o experiment_n adistinguish_v acid_n and_o sulphureous_a salis_n adistinguish_v this_o experiment_n may_v give_v we_o a_o hint_n towards_o a_o discovery_n of_o some_o way_n to_o distinguish_v whether_o liquor_n abound_v with_o acid_n or_o sulphureous_a salt_n for_o if_o they_o be_v acid_n they_o destroy_v the_o ceruleous_a colour_n if_o sulphureous_a they_o restore_v it_o and_o by_o this_o method_n we_o have_v find_v that_o though_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o quicklime_n it_o abound_v with_o lixiviate_v rather_o than_o acid_n salt_n but_o of_o what_o use_v this_o tincture_n may_v be_v where_o neither_o acid_n nor_o alkalious_a salt_n be_v predominant_a i_o leave_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o experience_n since_o i_o find_v not_o that_o spirit_n of_o wine_n spirit_n of_o tartar_n free_v from_o acidity_n or_o chemical_a oil_n of_o turpentine_n will_v restore_v the_o ceruleous_a colour_n of_o this_o tincture_n when_o it_o disappear_v upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n experiment_n xi_o i_o have_v a_o flat_a piece_n of_o glass_n which_o hold_v betwixt_o my_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n appear_v yellow_a but_o be_v hold_v so_o that_o it_o reflect_v few_o beam_n upon_o the_o eye_n it_o degenerate_v into_o to_o a_o pale_a blue_n and_o the_o same_o piece_n of_o glass_n be_v hold_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n that_o part_n which_o the_o sun_n shine_v on_o will_v be_v of_o a_o more_o dilute_a yellow_a than_o the_o other_o which_o be_v shade_v but_o if_o it_o be_v hold_v perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n the_o shade_a part_n will_v be_v of_o a_o golden_a colour_n and_o the_o other_o blue_n if_o the_o sunbeam_n pass_v through_o it_o upon_o a_o white_a paper_n they_o will_v represent_v a_o yellow_a yet_o the_o position_n may_v be_v so_o vary_v as_o to_o yield_v a_o mix_v colour_n more_o or_o less_o incline_v to_o yellow_a in_o some_o place_n and_o in_o other_o to_o blue_n n._n one_a in_o try_v of_o these_o experiment_n the_o sunbeam_n must_v fall_v upon_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o one_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n on_o which_o we_o must_v take_v care_n to_o keep_v our_o eye_n and_o we_o have_v prepare_v a_o sort_n of_o glass_n which_o will_v answer_v our_o expectation_n by_o lay_v a_o leaf_n of_o silver_n on_o one_o side_n and_o urge_v it_o with_o a_o strong_a fire_n than_o usual_a and_o one_o thing_n in_o this_o experiment_n remarkable_a be_v that_o whereas_o common_a artificer_n colour_v their_o glass_n by_o put_v a_o calx_fw-la of_o silver_n calcine_v without_o corrosive_a liquor_n and_o temper_v with_o fair_a water_n on_o the_o plate_n of_o glass_n when_o they_o burn_v they_o they_o appear_v yellow_a whatever_o side_n be_v hold_v to_o the_o eye_n or_o in_o whatever_o posture_n but_o this_o of_o we_o hold_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o light_n appear_v transparent_o yellow_a but_o the_o eye_n be_v place_v betwixt_o the_o light_n and_o it_o it_o appear_v blue_a and_o not_o in_o the_o least_o transparent_a experiment_n xii_o it_o be_v worth_a observe_n that_o though_o painter_n can_v imitate_v most_o colour_n which_o be_v to_o be_v meet_v in_o nature_n yet_o they_o make_v use_v of_o no_o more_o than_o white_a black_a red_a blue_a and_o yellow_a to_o produce_v all_o their_o composition_n thus_o black_a and_o white_a represent_v several_a sort_n of_o grays_n blue_a and_o yellow_a
sublimate_n make_v with_o common_a sublimate_n and_o salarmoniack_a nay_o and_o with_o both_o loaf_n and_o kitchin-sugar_n as_o likewise_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o pot-ash_n mix_v with_o snow_n do_v freeze_v though_o very_o faint_o and_o both_o a_o solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o pot-ash_n agitate_a with_o snow_n in_o a_o small_a vial_n produce_v film_n of_o ice_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o glass_n though_o very_o thin_a one_o 9_o a_o sweet_a solution_n of_o minium_n in_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n mix_v with_o snow_n excite_v the_o frigorifick_a quality_n of_o it_o yet_o some_o of_o that_o solution_n be_v enclose_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n will_v not_o be_v freeze_v by_o they_o snow_n shut_v up_o alone_o thaw_v much_o more_o slow_o than_o that_o which_o be_v mix_v with_o salt_n or_o spirit_n no_o salt_n will_v promote_v the_o frigorifick_a quality_n of_o snow_n so_o far_o as_o to_o enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v which_o quicken_v not_o its_o dissolution_n neither_o crystal_n of_o tartar_n nor_o borax_n both_o beat_v to_o powder_n nor_o sublimate_n will_v enable_v snow_n to_o freeze_v as_o well_o as_o the_o powder_n of_o each_o lie_v undissolved_a in_o it_o 10._o water_n of_o quicklime_n be_v twice_o try_v will_v not_o freeze_v but_o only_o gather_v a_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n yet_o the_o liquor_n be_v keep_v up_o 12_o month_n the_o spirit_n with_o which_o those_o water_n abound_v fly_v away_o 11._o oil_n of_o turpentine_n in_o which_o ice_n dissolve_v slow_a than_o in_o several_a other_o liquor_n enable_v not_o snow_n to_o freeze_v though_o spirit_n of_o wine_n shut_v up_o with_o snow_n in_o a_o bottle_n enable_v it_o to_o freeze_v powerful_o and_o to_o chrystalize_v even_o urine_n itself_o which_o may_v be_v take_v off_o in_o scale_n 12._o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o snow_n be_v mix_v together_o in_o a_o just_a proportion_n freeze_v very_o powerful_o and_o speedy_o not_o only_a water_n but_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o weak_a spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o first_o of_o which_o retain_v its_o taste_n when_o freeze_v and_o the_o latter_a shot_n into_o crystal_n which_o lay_v across_o each_o other_o a_o solution_n of_o salarmoniack_a partly_o evaporate_v will_v shoot_v into_o crystal_n like_o comb_n and_o feather_n and_o salarmoniack_a distil_v from_o quicklime_n will_v shoot_v into_o branch_n almost_o like_o those_o so_o nimble_o that_o one_o eye_n may_v discern_v they_o to_o spread_v and_o increase_v the_o like_a experiment_n be_v try_v with_o wine_n and_o strong_a ale_n succeed_v but_o very_o faint_o 13._o since_o body_n general_o help_v snow_n to_o freeze_v which_o hasten_v its_o dissolution_n we_o throw_v into_o a_o vial_n which_o contain_v snow_n heat_a sand_n which_o enable_v it_o to_o cause_v a_o dew_n but_o not_o to_o freeze_v and_o warm_a water_n pour_v into_o another_o when_o it_o have_v be_v shake_v produce_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o gather_v dew_n but_o freeze_v it_o not_o 14._o though_o it_o be_v general_o believe_v that_o the_o hoar-froast_a on_o glass-window_n be_v only_a exsudation_n through_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o freeze_v by_o the_o external_n cold_a yet_o it_o will_v easy_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v rather_o on_o the_o inside_n the_o glass_n the_o steam_n which_o rove_v up_o and_o down_o the_o room_n be_v condense_v by_o the_o external_n cold_a and_o freeze_v 15._o to_o show_v that_o the_o ice_n which_o appear_v on_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o vial_n in_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n proceed_v not_o from_o any_o subtle_a part_n of_o the_o mixture_n penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o glass_n and_o settle_v on_o the_o outside_n we_o find_v that_o four_o ounce_n and_o ¼_n of_o the_o mixture_n of_o ice_n and_o salt_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o vial_n by_o the_o access_n of_o dew_n on_o the_o outside_n the_o weight_n of_o it_o be_v increase_v 12_o grain_n another_o vial_n which_o contain_v two_o ounce_n six_o dram_fw-la and_o a_o half_a increase_v in_o weight_n 4_o grain_n the_o vial_n be_v unseal_v under_o water_n it_o suck_v in_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o it_o six_o ounce_n snow_n and_o salt_n be_v seal_v up_o in_o a_o glass_n the_o hoar-frost_n be_v wipe_v off_o but_o return_v again_o and_o the_o vial_n be_v counterpoise_v in_o a_o pair_n of_o scale_n the_o vapour_n condense_v by_o the_o coldness_n of_o it_o in_o the_o time_n that_o the_o snow_n be_v melt_v weigh_v 10_o grain_n a_o like_a quantity_n of_o snow_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o single_a vial_n the_o outside_n be_v present_o cover_v with_o ice_n and_o in_o all_o it_o become_v 7_o grain_n heavy_a than_o before_o another_o time_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n which_o weigh_v 3_o ¾_n ounce_n afford_v 18_o grain_n of_o condense_a vapour_n and_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salgem_n which_o counterpoise_v 3_o ounce_n and_o 70_o grain_n upon_o a_o additional_a weight_n of_o condense_a vapour_n weigh_v 20_o grain_n more_o than_o before_o title_n ii_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v freeze_v of_o body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v without_o any_o more_o than_o bare_o intimate_v that_o there_o be_v several_a body_n dispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v by_o one_o degree_n of_o cold_a that_o be_v not_o with_o another_o i_o shall_v observe_v 1._o that_o in_o very_o cold_a snowy_a wether_n water_n urine_n beer_n ale_n milk_n vinegar_n french_a and_o rhenish_a wine_n be_v either_o total_o or_o partly_o turn_v into_o ice_n but_o beside_o these_o more_o obvious_a instance_n we_o freeze_v a_o solution_n of_o sugar_n and_o another_o of_o gum_n arabic_a in_o water_n a_o solution_n of_o alum_n nitre_n and_o vinegar_n freeze_v without_o afford_v any_o considerable_a phaenomena_n a_o solution_n of_o vitriol_n be_v in_o part_n freeze_v and_o in_o part_n unfreeze_v that_o which_o be_v freeze_v being_n not_o much_o different_a in_o colour_n from_o water_n but_o the_o unfreeze_v part_n be_v of_o a_o very_a high_a vitriol-colour_n 2._o spirit_n of_o urine_n and_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n expose_v to_o a_o intense_a fire_n both_o of_o they_o freeze_v 3._o a_o drachm_n of_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v dissolve_v in_o two_o ounce_n of_o water_n present_o freeze_v in_o a_o intense_a cold_a and_o oil_n of_o tartar_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la or_o at_o least_o a_o solution_n of_o the_o fix_a salt_n of_o tartar_n be_v congeal_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n appendix_n to_o the_o ii_o title_n oil_n become_v much_o more_o hard_a in_o muscovy_n than_o here_o in_o england_n in_o the_o most_o excessive_a cold_n but_o will_v in_o neither_o be_v turn_v into_o perfect_a ice_n and_o captain_n james_n speak_v of_o a_o island_n where_o he_o and_o his_o man_n be_v force_v to_o winter_n pag._n 58_o say_v all_z our_o sack_n vinegar_n oil_n and_o every_o thing_n else_o that_o be_v liquid_a be_v now_o freeze_v as_o hard_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o wood_n and_o we_o must_v cut_v it_o with_o a_o hatchet_n and_o olaus_n magnus_n gent._n sept._n hist_o l._n 11._o c._n 24_o say_v speak_v of_o the_o fight_v wont_a to_o be_v make_v on_o the_o ice_n in_o the_o northern_a region_n glacialis_fw-la congressus_fw-la fit_a in_fw-la laneis_fw-la calcibus_fw-la non_fw-la pellibus_fw-la aut_fw-la coriis_fw-la unctis_fw-la vis_fw-fr enim_fw-la frigoris_fw-la quodcunque_fw-la fit_a unctuosum_fw-la convertit_fw-la in_o lubricitatem_fw-la glacialem_fw-la there_o be_v a_o great_a similitude_n betwixt_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o inflammability_n and_o be_v dispose_v to_o mix_v with_o oily_a body_n and_o as_o great_a a_o aptitude_n in_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n to_o mix_v with_o other_o liquor_n i_o inquire_v of_o the_o russian_a emperor_n physician_n what_o alteration_n he_o have_v observe_v to_o be_v produce_v by_o cold_a in_o muscovy_n to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o aniseed_n and_o other_o weak_a spirit_n will_v be_v turn_v into_o a_o imperfect_a kind_n of_o ice_n and_o that_o strong_a one_o will_v turn_v ice_n into_o a_o kind_n of_o substance_n like_o oil_n particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o ii_o title_n 1_o in_o a_o very_a hard_a frost_n in_o december_n a_o solution_n of_o minium_n near_o the_o fire_n seem_v to_o be_v freeze_v though_o it_o be_v make_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n and_o so_o strong_a that_o part_n of_o it_o be_v shoot_v into_o saccharum_n saturni_n some_o at_o the_o top_n which_o be_v yellow_a do_v not_o freeze_v though_o pour_v out_o 2._o a_o solution_n of_o gold_n make_v with_o salt_n be_v likewise_o freeze_v as_o also_o a_o pint-vial_n full_a of_o the_o tincture_n of_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la which_o be_v freeze_v the_o ice_n have_v no_o such_o colour_n as_o the_o tincture_n 3._o it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o russia_n brandy_n will_v freeze_v but_o the_o ice_n of_o it_o be_v
not_o so_o hard_a as_o common_a ice_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o moscow_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n will_v freeze_v leave_v some_o dissolve_v in_o the_o middle_n which_o be_v much_o strong_a than_o ordinary_a brandy_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o russia_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o have_v wine_n freeze_v french_a brandy_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n in_o russia_n freeze_v and_o salad-oil_n become_v as_o hard_o as_o tallow_n but_o water_n at_o the_o same_o time_n do_v not_o freeze_v title_n iii_o experiment_n touch_v body_n indispose_v to_o be_v freeze_v freeze_v body_n not_o dispose_v to_o freeze_v 1._o the_o subtle_a part_n of_o several_a body_n be_v bring_v over_o by_o distillation_n will_v not_o freeze_v by_o such_o a_o application_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n as_o freeze_v other_o body_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v aquafortis_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n of_o salt_n oil_n of_o turpentine_n and_o almost_o all_o the_o chemical_a oil_n we_o have_v then_o in_o possession_n spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o of_o other_o fermented_a liquor_n and_o sack_n if_o good_a will_v scarce_o freeze_v but_o the_o inflammable_a part_n be_v spend_v by_o burn_v it_o will_v easy_o freeze_v 2._o two_o drachm_n of_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v dissolve_v in_o a_o ounce_n of_o water_n the_o mixture_n will_v not_o freeze_v though_o the_o outside_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v cover_v with_o ice_n at_o another_o time_n a_o strong_a solution_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n will_v not_o freeze_v though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n salt_n of_o pot-ash_n be_v dissolve_v do_v 3._o that_o common_a express_v oil_n of_o vegetable_n will_v freeze_v after_o their_o manner_n and_o curdle_n in_o cold_a wether_n be_v common_o observe_v yet_o train-oyl_n which_o be_v usual_o make_v of_o the_o fat_a of_o whale_n by_o the_o help_n of_o fire_n continue_v fluid_a in_o wether_n that_o be_v very_o sharp_a but_o in_o a_o excessive_a cold_a night_n it_o lose_v its_o fluidity_n which_o seem_v to_o disfavour_v what_o olaus_n magnus_n write_v who_o say_v that_o in_o the_o northern_a region_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o cast_v train-oyl_n upon_o the_o water_n in_o their_o ditch_n to_o keep_v the_o water_n from_o freeze_a and_o thereby_o unpassable_a the_o oil_n as_o he_o say_v not_o be_v subject_a to_o congeal_v with_o cold_a but_o it_o may_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o inquire_v whether_o the_o train-oyl_n he_o speak_v of_o be_v the_o same_o as_o be_v use_v by_o the_o swede_n laplander_n and_o muscovite_n and_o whether_o they_o have_v a_o different_a way_n in_o keep_v of_o it_o or_o not_o 4._o though_o a_o solution_n of_o sugar_n will_v freeze_v yet_o a_o strong_a solution_n of_o sugar_n of_o lead_n will_v not_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n which_o be_v remarkable_a since_o the_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n itself_o will_v freeze_v beside_o there_o must_v needs_o be_v some_o water_n in_o the_o solution_n and_o the_o sugar_n be_v but_o a_o vitriol_n of_o lead_n it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o it_o shall_v not_o freeze_v as_o well_o as_o common_a vitriol_n though_o in_o this_o latter_a concrete_a metal_n be_v corrode_v by_o a_o spirit_n which_o if_o we_o may_v judge_v by_o the_o liquor_n afford_v in_o distillation_n be_v very_o much_o sharp_a and_o strong_a than_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n 5._o quicksilver_n will_v not_o freeze_v in_o the_o sharp_a air_n though_o expose_v to_o it_o in_o very_o thin_a glass_n and_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o a_o little_a quantity_n of_o it_o make_v a_o large_a surface_n 6._o a_o very_a sharp_a frost_n be_v not_o able_a to_o freeze_v a_o strong_a brine_n though_o at_o the_o same_o time_n other_o saline_a solution_n be_v congeal_v but_o a_o solution_n consist_v of_o twenty_o part_n of_o water_n and_o one_o of_o salt_n be_v freeze_v in_o a_o very_a sharp_a night_n the_o ice_n swim_v at_o the_o top_n in_o figure_n almost_o like_a broom_n spread_v from_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n downward_o the_o salt_n dissolve_v in_o this_o water_n be_v double_a the_o proportion_n of_o that_o which_o be_v usual_o in_o sea-water_n i_o thaw_v ice_n of_o salt-water_n to_o try_v whether_o the_o dissolve_a ice_n will_v be_v fresh_a or_o not_o but_o it_o retain_v a_o little_a brackishness_n which_o i_o suppose_v it_o receive_v from_o the_o contiguous_a brine_n though_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o in_o amsterdam_n they_o make_v use_v of_o thaw_a ice_n instead_o of_o common_a fresh_a water_n in_o brew_v and_o bartholinus_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la cap._n 6._o p._n 42._o say_v de_fw-fr glacie_n ex_fw-la marina_fw-la aqua_fw-la certum_fw-la est_fw-la si_fw-la resolvatur_fw-la salsum_fw-la saporem_fw-la deposuisse_fw-la quod_fw-la etiam_fw-la non_fw-la ità _fw-la pridem_fw-la expertus_fw-la est_fw-la cl._n jacobus_n fincbius_n academiae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la senior_fw-la &_o physices_fw-la professor_n benemeritus_fw-la in_fw-la glaciei_fw-la frustis_fw-la è_fw-la portu_fw-la nostro_fw-la allatis_fw-la particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o iii_o title_n 1._o spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a make_v with_o quicklime_n volatile_a oil_n of_o amber_n a_o small_a quantity_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n be_v expose_v two_o night_n and_o a_o day_n freeze_v not_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la be_v and_o spr._n sanguinis_fw-la humani_fw-la be_v freeze_v swell_v so_o much_o as_o to_o force_v out_o the_o cork_n 2._o unrectify_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n expose_v to_o the_o cold_a in_o a_o bottle_n will_v not_o freeze_v but_o another_o portion_n be_v contain_v in_o a_o earthen_a porringer_n do_v 3._o i_o be_o inform_v that_o there_o be_v a_o lake_n of_o water_n in_o scotland_n out_o of_o which_o a_o small_a river_n run_v the_o water_n of_o both_o which_o be_v never_o freeze_v but_o dissolve_v snow_n or_o ice_n if_o cast_v into_o it_o 4._o salad-oil_n be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o keep_v the_o lock_n of_o gun_n from_o freeze_a hinder_v they_o from_o be_v discharge_v but_o oil_n of_o hemp_n or_o train-oyl_n keep_v they_o from_o freeze_a title_n iu_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o degree_n of_o cold_a in_o several_a body_n body_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a in_o several_a body_n to_o discover_v the_o different_a degree_n of_o cold_a we_o have_v propose_v several_a thermometer_n in_o the_o precede_a chapter_n concern_v which_o we_o shall_v add_v this_o advertisement_n viz._n that_o though_o those_o which_o be_v to_o be_v immerse_v in_o liquor_n have_v the_o ball_n end_n round_o yet_o when_o we_o be_v to_o try_v the_o degree_n of_o cold_a of_o consistent_a powder_n it_o be_v better_a to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o as_o have_v flat_a bottom_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o stand_v on_o their_o own_o basis_n for_o so_o it_o will_v be_v pleasant_a to_o see_v the_o suspend_v bubble_n in_o one_o of_o our_o thermometer_n rise_v and_o fall_v as_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o one_o body_n to_o another_o 2._o freeze_a have_v be_v so_o general_o esteem_v the_o utmost_a effect_n of_o cold_a that_o most_o have_v be_v content_a without_o examine_v strict_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o it_o nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o very_o easy_o do_v since_o if_o we_o do_v it_o with_o common_a weather-glass_n it_o will_v be_v a_o hard_a thing_n to_o distinguish_v whether_o the_o cold_a of_o one_o day_n exceed_v that_o of_o another_o since_o there_o intervening_a so_o much_o time_n betwixt_o the_o observation_n the_o alteration_n may_v be_v cause_v by_o a_o increase_n in_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o shall_v we_o make_v a_o estimate_n by_o the_o testimony_n of_o our_o sense_n we_o shall_v easy_o be_v mistake_v since_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o different_a sensation_n of_o cold_a which_o we_o perceive_v depend_v on_o the_o various_a disposition_n of_o our_o body_n but_o allow_v that_o vulgar_a thermometer_n may_v give_v we_o a_o true_a information_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a which_o nature_n afford_v yet_o they_o acquaint_v we_o not_o whether_o art_n may_v not_o produce_v great_a much_o less_o will_v they_o help_v we_o to_o make_v a_o estimate_n of_o this_o disparity_n and_o though_o we_o may_v make_v some_o guess_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o cold_a on_o liquor_n expose_v to_o it_o yet_o some_o as_o aqueous_a liquor_n freeze_v too_o soon_o and_o vinous_a liquor_n here_o in_o england_n will_v not_o freeze_v at_o all_o except_z french_z wine_n which_o happen_v seldom_o and_o leave_v too_o great_a a_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o degree_n necessary_a to_o congeal_v wine_n and_o sufficient_a to_o freeze_v water_n beside_o the_o uncertainty_n proceed_v from_o the_o several_a strength_n of_o wine_n wherefore_o to_o discover_v the_o intensity_n of_o cold_a produce_v by_o art_n above_o the_o high_a degree_n that_o nature_n afford_v 1._o see_v plate_n 1._o fig._n 1._o we_o furnish_v a_o seal_a weatherglass_n such_o as_o plate_n 1_o fig._n 1._o delineates_n with_o
mention_v viz._n egg_n suspend_v under_o water_n it_o appear_v that_o cold_a act_n on_o every_o side_n the_o shell_n be_v whole_o incrustate_v with_o ice_n to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o title_n i_o shall_v in_o order_n to_o facilitate_v some_o experiment_n hereafter_o to_o be_v make_v advertise_v that_o whereas_o in_o common_a experiment_n water_v natural_o beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o top_n and_o that_o ice_n confine_v the_o subjacent_a water_n so_o that_o when_o freeze_v it_o have_v not_o room_n to_o expand_v i_o say_v whereas_o in_o such_o case_n the_o glass_n be_v subject_a to_o break_v to_o prevent_v such_o ill_a consequence_n i_o lay_v the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n first_o about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o water_n beginning_n to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n the_o water_n be_v raise_v up_o above_o it_o and_o as_o the_o salt_n and_o ice_n be_v raise_v high_a about_o the_o glass_n so_o the_o ice_n gradual_o rise_v without_o danger_n of_o break_v the_o bottle_n to_o this_o advertisement_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o only_o at_o the_o first_o lie_v the_o mixture_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n yet_o to_o keep_v the_o water_n above_o cool_a i_o usual_o put_v ice_n itself_o or_o snow_n either_o of_o which_o will_v succeed_v in_o these_o experiment_n above_o that_o mixture_n title_n vi_o experiment_n and_o observation_n concern_v the_o preservation_n and_o destruction_n of_o egg_n apple_n and_o other_o body_n by_o cold._n cold._n of_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n by_o cold._n it_o be_v a_o common_a tradition_n that_o if_o egg_n or_o apple_n be_v thaw_v near_o the_o fire_n it_o spoil_v they_o but_o if_o they_o be_v immerse_v in_o cold_a water_n they_o thaw_v slow_o without_o damage_n to_o try_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o tradition_n i_o make_v the_o follow_a experiment_n a_o egg_n which_o weigh_v 12_o drachm_n and_o a_o grain_n be_v wrap_v in_o a_o wax_v paper_n to_o defend_v it_o from_o the_o thaw_v snow_n be_v freeze_v in_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n and_o then_o want_v 4_o grain_n of_o its_o former_a weight_n it_o be_v put_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n it_o acquire_v such_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n about_o it_o as_o increase_v the_o weight_n to_o 15_o drachm_n and_o 9_o grain_n and_o the_o ice_n be_v take_v off_o and_o the_o egg_n dry_v it_o weigh_v 12_o drachm_n and_o 12_o grain_n be_v break_v we_o find_v it_o almost_o thaw_v when_o freeze_v it_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n but_o when_o thaw_v it_o sink_v we_o take_v two_o egg_n well_o freeze_v and_o place_v they_o both_o at_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o the_o fire_n the_o one_o be_v put_v into_o water_n and_o the_o other_o lay_v on_o a_o table_n when_o that_o in_o the_o water_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n we_o take_v it_o out_o and_o break_v it_o find_v that_o the_o yolk_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o white_a be_v thaw_v but_o the_o other_o egg_n be_v cut_v asunder_o the_o white_a be_v whole_o freeze_v and_o the_o yolk_n hard_o as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v overboil_v there_o likewise_o appear_v in_o it_o certain_a concentrical_a circle_n of_o different_a colour_n and_o a_o very_a white_a speck_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v try_v a_o second_o time_n we_o be_v confirm_v in_o our_o persuasion_n that_o freeze_a egg_n will_v thaw_v soon_o in_o cold_a water_n than_o in_o the_o open_a air._n a_o egg_n be_v suspend_v in_o water_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n equal_o thick_a on_o all_o side_n freeze_a pippin_n be_v put_v into_o a_o basin_n of_o water_n be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n of_o a_o considerable_a thickness_n where_o it_o be_v observable_a 1._o that_o that_o part_n of_o the_o pippin_n which_o be_v immerse_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o much_o thick_a crust_n than_o that_o which_o be_v above_o it_o 2._o the_o extant_a part_n seem_v hard_a than_o the_o immersed_a 3._o those_o in_o the_o water_n be_v thaw_v but_o one_o that_o lie_v out_o of_o it_o be_v much_o hard_a and_o more_o freeze_v 4._o neither_o the_o freeze_a egg_n or_o apple_n condense_v and_o freeze_v the_o air_n though_o they_o incrustate_v the_o water_n egg_n be_v freeze_v in_o snow_n and_o salt_n till_o they_o crack_v we_o put_v one_o into_o milk_n two_o into_o a_o glass_n of_o beer_n and_o two_o more_o into_o a_o large_a glass_n of_o sack_n but_o produce_v no_o ice_n egg_n be_v put_v into_o vinegar_n produce_v no_o ice_n but_o the_o vinegar_n corrode_v the_o eggshell_n a_o cheese_n immerse_v in_o water_n in_o a_o cold_a country_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n but_o lump_n of_o iron_n piece_n of_o glass_n and_o stone_n be_v keep_v long_o in_o snow_n and_o salt_n than_o be_v sufficient_a to_o freeze_v egg_n produce_v no_o ice_n in_o water_n water_n be_v pour_v into_o a_o bottle_n which_o stand_v on_o the_o north-east_n side_n of_o our_o elaborotory_n part_v of_o it_o be_v present_o turn_v into_o ice_n ice_n and_o juice_n of_o pippin_n shake_v together_o in_o a_o vial_n produce_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o dew_n and_o so_o do_v ice_n beat_v into_o a_o liquor_n with_o the_o white_a of_o a_o egg._n pippin_n be_v much_o better_o when_o thaw_v in_o cold_a water_n than_o hasty_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o cold_a northern_a climate_n that_o when_o they_o have_v come_v out_o of_o extreme_a cold_a too_o hasty_o to_o the_o fire_n it_o have_v raise_v blister_n wherefore_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o more_o careful_a sort_n to_o wash_v their_o hand_n or_o other_o freeze_a part_n in_o cold_a water_n or_o snow_n before_o they_o approach_v the_o fire_n i_o be_o tell_v by_o one_o that_o cheese_n be_v freeze_v in_o muscovy_n those_o thaw_v in_o water_n be_v crust_v over_o with_o ice_n but_o be_v much_o better_a than_o other_o thaw_v in_o a_o stove_n and_o guilielmus_fw-la fabritius_n hildanus_n cap._n 10._o de_fw-la gangraena_fw-la &_o sphacelo_fw-la give_v a_o account_n of_o a_o man_n who_o be_v successful_o thaw_v and_o crust_v over_o with_o ice_n as_o our_o apple_n and_o egg_n be_v though_o a_o moderate_a degree_n of_o cold_a preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n yet_o glaciation_n leave_v they_o more_o subject_a to_o it_o upon_o a_o thaw_n though_o whilst_o they_o be_v in_o that_o state_n they_o putrify_v not_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o high_a degree_n of_o cold_a under_o glaciation_n hinder_v body_n from_o corruption_n i_o shall_v allege_v the_o follow_a instance_n bartholinus_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la say_v p._n 80._o regii_fw-la mutinenses_n nivem_fw-la hoc_fw-la sine_fw-la arcte_fw-la compactam_fw-la servant_n in_o cellis_fw-la nivariis_fw-la in_fw-la quibus_fw-la fervente_fw-la aestate_fw-la vidi_fw-la carnes_z mactatorum_fw-la animalium_fw-la a_o putredine_fw-la diu_fw-la se_fw-la conservasse_fw-la and_o capt._n james_n in_o his_o journal_n p._n 74._o have_v these_o word_n by_o the_o nine_o of_o may_v we_o be_v come_v to_o and_o get_v up_o our_o five_o barrel_n of_o beef_n and_o pork_n and_o have_v four_o butt_n of_o beer_n and_o one_o of_o cider_n it_o have_v lie_v under_o water_n all_o the_o winter_n yet_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v that_o it_o be_v any_o thing_n the_o worse_o p._n 79._o he_o farther_o say_v that_o a_o cable_n have_v lie_v under_o ice_n all_o winter_n be_v not_o in_o june_n find_v a_o jot_n the_o worse_o and_o from_o simlerus_n his_o account_n of_o the_o alps_o it_o appear_v that_o entire_a body_n may_v be_v preserve_v by_o snow_n without_o glaciation_n refert_fw-la say_v bartholinus_n speak_v of_o he_o p._n 79._o de_fw-la figurativis_fw-la in_o rhetis_n apud_fw-la rinwaldios_fw-la nivium_fw-la è_fw-la monte_fw-fr ruentium_fw-la mole_n sylvam_fw-la &_o proceras_fw-la abietes_fw-la dejecisse_fw-la accidisse_fw-la etiam_fw-la helvetio_fw-la milite_fw-la per_fw-la alps_n iter_fw-la faciente_fw-la ut_fw-la 60_o homines_fw-la &_o plures_fw-la eadem_fw-la nivis_fw-la conglobatione_fw-la opprimerentur_fw-la hoc_fw-la igitur_fw-la nivium_fw-la tumulo_fw-la sepulti_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la aestatis_fw-la delitescunt_fw-la quo_fw-la soluto_fw-la nonnihil_fw-la nive_n deciduâ_fw-la corpora_fw-la mortua_fw-la inviolata_fw-la patent_n si_fw-la ab_fw-la amiciss_fw-la vel_fw-la transeuntibus_fw-la quaerantur_fw-la vidimus_fw-la ipsi_fw-la triste_fw-fr hoc_fw-la spectaculum_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o prove_v that_o inanimate_a body_n whilst_o freeze_v be_v not_o subject_a to_o putrefaction_n i_o shall_v bring_v several_a instance_n nor_o indeed_o be_v it_o much_o wonder_n since_o whether_o glaciation_n proceed_v from_o intrude_a swarm_n of_o frigorifick_a atom_n wedge_v in_o betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o a_o body_n or_o whether_o we_o suppose_v it_o to_o arise_v from_o a_o avolition_n of_o those_o restless_a particle_n which_o before_o keep_v the_o body_n fluid_fw-la or_o soft_a we_o must_v suppose_v a_o unusual_a rest_n and_o consequent_o the_o concomitant_a cause_n of_o corruption_n
to_o be_v want_v but_o to_o proceed_v to_o instance_n i_o be_o tell_v that_o on_o the_o coast_n of_o sweeden_n and_o denmark_n the_o cold_a will_v preserve_v body_n a_o long_a time_n from_o putrefaction_n and_o bartholinus_n relate_v a_o story_n of_o several_a dead_a body_n p._n 83._o de_fw-la usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la which_o be_v kill_v in_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o winter_n be_v freeze_v in_o several_a posture_n and_o continue_v so_o without_o be_v corrupt_v as_o long_o as_o the_o winter_n last_v to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o p._n 76._o of_o a_o man_n who_o they_o find_v freeze_v in_o the_o ice_n six_o week_n after_o he_o have_v be_v commit_v to_o sea_n and_o all_o the_o alteration_n the_o frost_n have_v wrought_v on_o his_o body_n be_v that_o his_o flesh_n will_v move_v up_o and_o down_o upon_o his_o bone_n like_o a_o glove_n upon_o a_o man_n hand_n and_o bartholinus_n de_fw-fr usu_fw-la nivis_fw-la cap._n 12._o further_n tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o greenland_n that_o the_o frost_n preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n 30_o year_n but_o though_o freeze_a preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n for_o the_o time_n yet_o when_o they_o thaw_v they_o present_o discover_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o they_o be_v impair_v and_o vitiate_v all_o that_o while_n by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o cold_a for_o have_v freeze_v a_o ox-eye_n i_o observe_v that_o the_o crystalline_a humour_n which_o be_v so_o transparent_a before_o be_v freeze_v lose_v its_o diaphaneity_n and_o become_v white_a and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o other_o that_o though_o cheese_n which_o be_v thaw_v in_o water_n be_v better_a than_o those_o that_o be_v otherwise_o free_v from_o the_o ice_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o in_o some_o measure_n impair_v by_o the_o frost_n to_o these_o instance_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o purchas_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 5._o sect._n 2_o p._n 493._o tell_v we_o that_o in_o nova_n zembla_n their_o strong_a beer_n be_v freeze_v be_v whole_o vitiate_v and_o without_o strength_n or_o taste_n and_o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o strong_a alicant_n wine_n by_o be_v freeze_v have_v lose_v much_o of_o its_o spirit_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o the_o northern_a country_n less_o cold_a than_o muscovy_n that_o beef_n have_v be_v freeze_v be_v almost_o insipid_a and_o yield_v broth_n little_o better_o than_o water_n beside_o which_o instance_n i_o be_o inform_v that_o body_n much_o hard_a than_o any_o yet_o mention_v may_v be_v work_v upon_o by_o cold_a not_o to_o mention_v that_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o bone_n and_o even_o steel_v itself_o be_v much_o more_o subject_a to_o break_v in_o frosty_a wether_n than_o at_o other_o time_n and_o it_o be_v to_o our_o present_a purpose_n further_o observable_a that_o capt._n james_n relate_v that_o in_o charlton-island_n the_o wood_n must_v be_v thaw_v before_o the_o carpenter_n be_v able_a to_o work_v it_o and_o i_o be_o further_a inform_v that_o the_o timber_n of_o the_o house_n in_o moscow_n will_v not_o only_o crack_v in_o frosty_a wether_n but_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o brick-house_n in_o the_o west-indies_n decay_n much_o soon_o than_o here_o in_o england_n and_o it_o have_v be_v further_o observe_v that_o marble_n themselves_o have_v not_o only_o fly_v in_o piece_n in_o frosty_a wether_n but_o that_o brass-instrument_n and_o even_o iron-hoops_n have_v be_v crack_v by_o extreme_a cold_n as_o olaus_n wormius_n and_o the_o dutchman_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n witness_n but_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o break_n of_o the_o iron-hoops_n rather_o depend_v on_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o cold_a on_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o those_o barrel_n than_o immediate_o on_o the_o iron-bar_n themselves_o and_o that_o they_o be_v break_v by_o the_o expansion_n of_o that_o liquor_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o vi_o title_n in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v before_o the_o russian_a emperor_n physician_n tell_v i_o that_o if_o those_o that_o have_v their_o nose_n or_o cheek_n freeze_v do_v rub_v they_o with_o snow_n before_o they_o go_v into_o the_o stove_n they_o sometime_o drop_v off_o and_o he_o likewise_o tell_v i_o that_o moderate_o weak_a wine_n by_o be_v freeze_v will_v lose_v both_o its_o colour_n and_o taste_v he_o further_o tell_v i_o that_o body_n there_o will_v keep_v all_o the_o frosty_a wether_n uncorrupt_a and_o that_o venison_n and_o beef_n and_o other_o flesh_n will_v be_v preserve_v a_o long_a time_n by_o frost_n but_o if_o it_o be_v not_o thaw_v leisurely_o before_o it_o come_v to_o be_v roast_v it_o will_v be_v much_o impair_v and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o a_o young_a man_n have_v be_v freeze_v all_o over_o be_v recover_v by_o be_v first_o rub_v with_o snow_n before_o any_o other_o mean_n be_v use_v particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o vi_o title_n fish_n take_v from_o under_o the_o ice_n in_o lake_n and_o pond_n which_o be_v freeze_v over_o and_o pack_v up_o will_v be_v preserve_v a_o month_n without_o be_v salt_v or_o dry_v and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o they_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o cold_a air_n they_o will_v be_v freeze_v immediate_o it_o be_v likewise_o observe_v by_o the_o same_o person_n who_o tell_v i_o these_o thing_n that_o though_o flesh-meat_n freeze_v be_v better_a when_o thaw_v leisurely_o in_o cold_a water_n than_o hasty_o by_o the_o fire_n yet_o it_o acquire_v not_o a_o crust_n of_o ice_n about_o it_o in_o lapland_n when_o any_o part_n be_v freeze_v they_o toast_v cheese_n make_v of_o deer_n milk_n and_o anoint_v the_o affect_a part_n with_o the_o cows-body_n i_o have_v some_o cheshire-cheese_n freeze_v myself_o one_o of_o which_o be_v throw_v into_o water_n gather_v a_o crust_n of_o ice_n about_o it_o there_o be_v white_a bear_n in_o green-land_n which_o have_v so_o excellent_a a_o scent_n that_o when_o the_o carcase_n of_o a_o whale_n be_v leave_v at_o some_o distance_n from_o the_o shore_n they_o will_v raise_v themselves_o on_o their_o leg_n and_o with_o their_o two_o paw_n will_v fan_v themselves_o with_o the_o air_n and_o snuff_v it_o in_o at_o their_o snout_n and_o then_o throw_v themselves_o into_o the_o sea_n will_v swim_v towards_o the_o dead_a carcase_n the_o fat_a of_o some_o of_o they_o will_v yield_v a_o hogshead_n of_o oil_n in_o moscow_n a_o hogshead_n of_o malaga-sack_n be_v freeze_v a_o spirituous_a liquor_n distil_v out_o of_o it_o strong_a than_o the_o sack_n itself_o but_o the_o liquor_n leave_v behind_o it_o be_v a_o strengthless_a phlegm_n a_o barrel_n of_o beer_n be_v freeze_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o green-land_n the_o spirituous_a part_n be_v contain_v in_o the_o middle_n the_o spanish_a and_o french_a wine_n that_o be_v bring_v to_o moscow_n betwixt_o russia_n and_o poland_n be_v sometime_o so_o freeze_v by_o the_o time_n they_o come_v there_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o break_v the_o cask_n and_o to_o transport_v it_o in_o jar_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o when_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o thaw_v it_o they_o put_v it_o into_o another_o hogshead_n and_o that_o be_v place_v in_o a_o hole_n make_v in_o ice_n or_o snow_n it_o thaw_v leisurely_o there_o without_o be_v so_o much_o impair_v as_o if_o thaw_v in_o a_o stove_n or_o by_o the_o fire_n title_n vii_o experiment_n concern_v the_o expansion_n of_o water_n and_o aqueous_a liquor_n by_o freeze_a liquor_n of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n and_o other_o freeze_a liquor_n though_o it_o have_v be_v general_o allow_v that_o water_n and_o other_o liquor_n be_v condense_v by_o cold_a yet_o from_o what_o i_o shall_v offer_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o ice_n be_v not_o water_n condense_v but_o rarify_v for_o i_o have_v not_o only_o observe_v that_o water_n expose_v to_o be_v freeze_v in_o a_o bolt-head_n will_v if_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n incline_v it_o to_o begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n first_o be_v expanded_a so_o as_o to_o rise_v considerable_o high_o in_o the_o stem_n but_o when_o that_o ice_n be_v thaw_v again_o will_v subside_o and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v include_v water_n in_o a_o cylinder_n both_o end_n of_o which_o be_v stop_v up_o with_o wax_n the_o cylinder_n be_v hang_v up_o in_o the_o air_n and_o the_o water_n freeze_v it_o be_v so_o far_o expanded_a that_o it_o force_v the_o wax_n out_o of_o each_o end_n of_o the_o pipe_n and_o form_v a_o rod_n of_o ice_n much_o long_a than_o the_o cylinder_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o break_n of_o bottle_n by_o cold_a rather_o depend_v on_o the_o expansion_n of_o the_o include_v liquor_n than_o that_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n cause_v that_o effect_n as_o some_o modern_n teach_v or_o that_o the_o internal_a liquor_n be_v
that_o so_o small_a a_o parcel_n of_o our_o noctiluca_n continue_v to_o shine_v above_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o hour_n in_o which_o time_n the_o follow_a circumstance_n be_v observable_a first_o that_o the_o luciferous_a fume_n be_v visible_a both_o night_n and_o day_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o particle_n of_o the_o noctiluca_n like_o smoke_n from_o so_o many_o chimney_n second_o this_o smoke_n be_v so_o copious_a and_o tenacious_a that_o it_o lose_v not_o that_o form_n till_o it_o rise_v a_o foot_n above_o the_o matter_n that_o afford_v it_o the_o motion_n of_o it_o be_v swift_a and_o sometime_o tend_v direct_o upward_o sometime_o horizontal_o and_o sometime_o downward_o as_o if_o their_o motion_n have_v be_v determine_v by_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o noctilucal_n fragment_n by_o which_o they_o be_v emit_v and_o one_o thing_n further_o observable_a be_v that_o when_o it_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n it_o emit_v strong_a and_o odorous_a exhalation_n distinct_a from_o the_o visible_a fume_n as_o for_o the_o liquor_n which_o drop_v from_o this_o noctiluca_fw-la and_o which_o remain_v in_o the_o glass_n vessel_n i_o put_v it_o into_o a_o concave_a silver_n vessel_n and_o hold_v it_o over_o small-coal_n and_o ash_n where_o it_o evaporate_v not_o so_o easy_o as_o i_o expect_v but_o turn_v into_o a_o unctuous_a substance_n of_o a_o dark_a red_a colour_n and_o be_v thence_o remove_v and_o hold_v over_o quick_a coal_n it_o boil_v and_o crackled_a like_o bay-salt_n cast_v into_o the_o fire_n and_o emit_v several_a successive_a flash_n another_o piece_n of_o this_o noctiluca_n which_o weigh_v three_o grain_n be_v put_v into_o a_o small_a glass_n funnel_n who_o stem_n be_v so_o fine_a that_o it_o be_v less_o than_o a_o small_a pin_n head_n and_o the_o pipe_n of_o the_o funnel_n be_v purposely_o place_v in_o a_o vial_n to_o catch_v the_o colliquated_a liquor_n and_o this_o be_v set_v in_o a_o south-window_n all_o day_n and_o place_v in_o my_o chamber_n at_o night_n i_o observe_v that_o it_o continue_v luminous_a no_o less_o than_o 360_o hour_n from_o whence_o appear_v the_o extraordinary_a minuteness_n of_o the_o part_n of_o our_o noctiluca_n and_o what_o be_v more_o strange_a the_o weight_n of_o â—â—r_a noctilucous_a matter_n colliquate_v exceed_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o noctiluca_n itself_o two_o three_o this_o noctiluca_n be_v spread_v upon_o paper_n and_o hold_v to_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o candle_n when_o the_o flame_n come_v to_o the_o noctiluca_n it_o burn_v away_o in_o a_o flash_a and_o splutter_v manner_n and_o crack_v like_o salt_n and_o some_o of_o this_o paper_n be_v put_v upon_o embers_o cover_v with_o ash_n the_o noctiluca_n will_v take_v fire_n and_o communicate_v its_o flame_n to_o the_o paper_n and_o to_o show_v its_o inflamability_n further_o i_o put_v a_o grain_n of_o it_o into_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o though_o it_o discolour_a not_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o spirit_n which_o be_v partly_o red_a and_o partly_o blue_a yet_o when_o the_o spirit_n be_v consume_v and_o the_o flame_n be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o immersed_a phosphorus_n it_o take_v fire_n and_o emit_v a_o yellow_a flame_n copious_o and_o a_o piece_n of_o this_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o the_o sunbeam_n concentrate_v it_o burn_v very_o vivid_o and_o clear_a and_o the_o expire_a flame_n leave_v behind_o it_o a_o caput_n mortuum_n which_o form_v several_a circle_n like_o those_o of_o a_o sardonix_n whereof_o the_o large_a be_v white_a another_o yellow_a and_o the_o three_o red_a all_o the_o three_o colour_n be_v vivid_v and_o pleasant_a some_o part_n of_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o spoon_n be_v present_o resolve_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la into_o a_o liquor_n as_o sharp_a as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o other_o part_n have_v free_a access_n to_o the_o air_n appear_v combustible_a another_o instance_n of_o the_o inflammability_n of_o it_o be_v by_o rub_v it_o in_o a_o mortar_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v it_o take_v fire_n and_o burn_v vivid_o but_o be_v soon_o extinguish_v by_o the_o fire_n noctiluca_n of_o the_o burn_a of_o body_n with_o the_o noctiluca_n if_o our_o noctiluca_n be_v press_v hard_o betwixt_o one_o finger_n or_o against_o a_o board_n it_o will_v feel_v sensible_o hot_a and_o will_v sometime_o be_v violent_a enough_o to_o scorch_v the_o skin_n and_o one_o thing_n observable_a be_v that_o blister_v raise_v by_o its_o heat_n be_v not_o only_o more_o painful_a but_o hard_a to_o be_v cure_v than_o ordinary_a one_o but_o though_o some_o part_n of_o this_o noctiluca_n be_v dispose_v to_o take_v flame_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o all_o equal_o prone_a to_o a_o incalescence_n to_o these_o observation_n of_o our_o noctiluca_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o some_o of_o it_o be_v rub_v betwixt_o fold_n of_o paper_n for_o some_o time_n they_o take_v fire_n and_o so_o do_v it_o when_o rub_v with_o gunpowder_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o gunpowder_n be_v explode_v and_o once_o when_o my_o servant_n carry_v some_o of_o it_o in_o his_o pocket_n the_o glass_n be_v break_v the_o attrition_n and_o heat_n of_o his_o body_n set_v it_o on_o fire_n by_o which_o mean_v several_a holes_n be_v burn_v in_o his_o breeches_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o six_o part_n of_o sulphur_n and_o one_o of_o this_o be_v mix_v and_o beat_v with_o the_o haft_n of_o a_o knife_n the_o noctiluca_n shine_v through_o the_o paper_n and_o as_o soon_o as_o these_o ingredient_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o flame_n they_o immediate_o take_v fire_n and_o once_o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v the_o brimstone_n do_v not_o burn_v with_o a_o slow_a flame_n but_o flash_v away_o like_a gunpowder_n and_o once_o my_o laborant_fw-la have_v prepare_v some_o of_o it_o and_o try_v to_o write_v upon_o a_o dry_a board_n the_o force_n of_o attrition_n kindle_v the_o wood_n and_o afford_v not_o only_o vivid_o shine_v but_o burn_a letter_n to_o try_v what_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o saline_a noctilucal_n matter_n i_o drop_v some_o of_o it_o upon_o syrup_n of_o violet_n and_o find_v that_o it_o do_v not_o turn_v it_o green_a but_o of_o a_o fine_a carnation_n colour_n as_o acid_n spirit_n usual_o do_v and_o i_o likewise_o find_v that_o it_o present_o destroy_v the_o blue_a colour_n though_o not_o the_o other_o of_o the_o lignum_fw-la nephriticum_fw-la i_o likewise_o pour_v some_o of_o this_o noctilucous_a liquor_n upon_o file_n of_o copper_n and_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o air_n for_o two_o or_o three_o day_n i_o find_v that_o though_o the_o file_n be_v dissolve_v yet_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o tincture_n be_v not_o a_o deep_a azure_a as_o if_o make_v with_o a_o volatile_a urinous_a salt_n but_o seem_v to_o partake_v of_o green_a and_o blue_a it_o likewise_o ferment_v with_o powder_n of_o red_a coral_n and_o also_o with_o salt_n of_o tartar_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o our_o salt_n be_v not_o urinous_a but_o of_o the_o family_n of_o acid_n but_o to_o proceed_v i_o enclose_v a_o parcel_n of_o this_o icy_a noctiluca_n in_o a_o small_a vial_n and_o another_o together_o with_o the_o water_n it_o come_v over_o with_o in_o distillation_n and_o i_o observe_v that_o the_o former_a lose_v its_o light_n in_o four_o day_n and_o the_o other_o in_o about_o a_o week_n but_o to_o try_v whether_o a_o sufficient_a degree_n of_o heat_n will_v not_o cause_v our_o noctiluca_n to_o take_v fire_n i_o enclose_v some_o of_o it_o in_o a_o glass-egg_n with_o hermes_n his_o seal_n and_o find_v that_o the_o ball_n of_o the_o egg_n be_v hold_v near_o the_o fire_n the_o noctiluca_n present_o take_v flame_n and_o burn_v much_o long_o than_o we_o expect_v and_o when_o the_o flame_n be_v over_o we_o sometime_o observe_v a_o little_a liquor_n in_o the_o glass_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o matter_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o fire_n acquire_v a_o red_a colour_n some_o of_o this_o noctiluca_n be_v put_v into_o a_o glass_n egg_n and_o water_n pour_v upon_o it_o when_o the_o water_n be_v heat_v very_o hot_a and_o the_o noctiluca_n be_v melt_v we_o pour_v the_o water_n off_o upon_o which_o the_o noctiluca_n remain_v in_o the_o glass_n immediate_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n take_v flame_n and_o part_n of_o it_o run_v out_o with_o the_o water_n burn_v fierce_o upon_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o and_o with_o a_o crackle_n noise_n the_o remain_a caput_fw-la mortuum_n appear_v red_a to_o which_o relation_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o beam_n of_o this_o noctiluca_n pass_v through_o a_o orange_n colour_v glass_n appear_v of_o a_o very_a pleasant_a colour_n and_o on_o this_o occasion_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o though_o once_o i_o can_v not_o obtain_v any_o light_n from_o some_o of_o this_o noctiluca_n include_v in_o a_o vial_n with_o oil_n of_o
small_a a_o accident_n as_o moâ—â—â—â—_n oâ—_n whatever_o distinguish_v wind_n and_o exhalaâ—â—â—…_n be_v enough_o to_o entitle_v they_o to_o distinct_a species_n of_o body_n a_o great_a right_o may_v be_v presume_v 〈◊〉_d paper_n and_o rag_n glass_n and_o wood-ash_n shall_v be_v esteem_v so_o too_o as_o also_o soap_n sugar_n gunpowder_n etc._n etc._n for_o it_o be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a objection_n that_o most_o of_o these_o body_n be_v factitious_a for_o the_o present_a state_n of_o a_o body_n denominate_v its_o species_n however_o it_o come_v by_o that_o nature_n as_o the_o salt_n which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n by_o the_o sun_n act_v upon_o the_o sea-water_n be_v as_o much_o salt_n as_o that_o which_o be_v artificial_o make_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n by_o boil_a sea-water_n in_o chauldron_n and_o silkworm_n and_o chicken_n hatch_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o oven_n or_o dunghill_n be_v equal_o as_o much_o silkworm_n or_o chicken_n as_o those_o produce_v by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o warmth_n of_o a_o hen._n nature_n the_o product_n of_o art_n the_o effect_n of_o nature_n beside_o the_o objection_n that_o most_o of_o the_o forementioned_a body_n be_v factitious_a be_v less_o valid_a since_o they_o seem_v equal_o perform_v by_o nature_n the_o artificer_n be_v only_o concern_v in_o put_v natural_a agent_n together_o which_o take_v the_o same_o measure_n in_o cause_v their_o effect_n as_o if_o they_o have_v casual_o be_v bring_v together_o by_o chance_n as_o in_o chemistry_n the_o agent_n which_o be_v fire_n operate_v upon_o the_o subject_n it_o have_v to_o work_v upon_o as_o fire_n and_o not_o as_o it_o be_v bare_o a_o instrument_n of_o a_o chemist_n and_o therefore_o though_o the_o application_n belong_v to_o the_o chemist_n the_o action_n be_v as_o much_o natural_a as_o the_o production_n of_o aetna_n or_o vesuvius_n where_o by_o the_o internal_a action_n of_o the_o fire_n stone_n be_v calcine_v and_o metal_n not_o only_o colliquate_v but_o metalline_a flower_n and_o ash_n disperse_v about_o the_o adjacent_a part_n and_o i_o be_o not_o without_o probability_n incline_v to_o believe_v that_o several_a mineral_n as_o well_o as_o other_o body_n which_o lie_v near_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v rather_o the_o production_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n change_v the_o texture_n of_o other_o body_n than_o that_o they_o have_v lodge_v there_o since_o the_o first_o creation_n of_o thing_n for_o we_o see_v that_o lead_n become_v minium_n and_o tin_n tutty_n in_o a_o very_a small_a time_n and_o the_o fume_n of_o sulphur_n unite_n with_o those_o of_o mercury_n convene_v into_o that_o delicate_a red_a mass_n call_v vermilion_a which_o have_v so_o far_o the_o similitude_n of_o a_o mineral_n that_o it_o have_v be_v call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n of_o cinnabaris_fw-la so_o that_o we_o may_v easy_o conceive_v how_o in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n certain_a mineral_n fume_n penetrate_v and_o unite_n with_o a_o stony_a concretion_n mineral_n may_v be_v form_v from_o whence_o it_o may_v appear_v that_o a_o congery_n and_o union_n of_o accident_n be_v as_o sufficient_a to_o discriminate_a the_o several_a species_n of_o body_n as_o the_o imagination_n of_o substantial_a form_n natural_a the_o artificial_a production_n of_o vitriol_n correspondent_a to_o the_o natural_a but_o to_o illustrate_v the_o mechanical_a origin_n of_o form_n we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o artificial_a production_n of_o vitriol_n which_o be_v so_o like_o the_o natural_a that_o it_o make_v we_o able_a to_o guess_v what_o measure_n be_v take_v in_o the_o natural_a production_n of_o it_o and_o since_o vitriol_n be_v not_o a_o mere_a salt_n but_o rather_o to_o use_v a_o chemical_a term_n a_o magestery_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o observe_v that_o according_a to_o the_o sense_n of_o that_o word_n it_o be_v not_o prepare_v by_o a_o separation_n of_o principle_n but_o by_o the_o change_a the_o form_n of_o a_o whole_a body_n by_o a_o addition_n and_o intimate_a union_n of_o a_o saline_n menstruum_fw-la agreeable_a to_o which_o notion_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o a_o acid_n spirit_n and_o a_o metalline_a substance_n may_v be_v draw_v as_o well_o from_o artificial_a as_o natural_a vitriol_n and_o consequent_o both_o must_v be_v equal_o natural_a vitriol_n in_o the_o strict_a sense_n of_o that_o word_n but_o these_o be_v not_o the_o only_a characteristic_n of_o the_o natural_a agreement_n of_o factitious_a and_o natural_a vitriol_n since_o vitriol_n of_o mars_n whether_o prepare_v by_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n or_o spirit_n of_o salt_n have_v both_o the_o colour_n transparency_n brittleness_n aptness_n to_o fusion_n and_o styptical_a taste_n with_o the_o vitriol_n of_o marchasite_n as_o also_o several_a other_o quality_n as_o to_o turn_v a_o infusion_n of_o gall_n into_o ink_n a_o vomitive_a faculty_n when_o take_v in_o a_o small_a do_v as_o also_o to_o be_v endow_v with_o crystal_n of_o very_a curious_a figure_n and_o a_o disposition_n to_o run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la as_o guntherus_n belichius_n have_v observe_v common_a vitriol_n make_v use_v of_o in_o germany_n to_o have_v and_o here_o we_o see_v that_o the_o same_o quality_n may_v arise_v from_o the_o union_n and_o association_n of_o two_o ingredient_n which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o common_a vitriol_n without_o the_o incomprehensible_a force_n of_o imaginary_a substantial_a form_n or_o a_o generation_n of_o a_o form_n distinct_a from_o the_o ingredient_n and_o their_o essential_a modification_n or_o a_o texture_n of_o part_n of_o convenient_a shape_v and_o size_n neither_o be_v there_o such_o a_o intimate_v mixture_n as_o the_o school_n imagine_v of_o these_o two_o ingredient_n but_o a_o juxta-position_n and_o new_a range_v of_o their_o part_n in_o respect_n of_o order_n and_o position_n which_o be_v evident_a since_o by_o distillation_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o vitriol_n may_v be_v draw_v off_o leave_v the_o metalline_a substance_n behind_o and_o that_o most_o of_o its_o quality_n depend_v upon_o the_o position_n of_o its_o part_n be_v plain_a since_o through_o a_o good_a burn_a glass_n the_o sun_n beam_n will_v so_o alter_v their_o order_n and_o texture_n as_o to_o turn_v it_o red_a chap._n vi_o doubt_n and_o experiment_n concern_v the_o curious_a figure_n of_o salt_n power_n the_o figure_n of_o salt_n to_o be_v account_v for_o with_o the_o help_n of_o a_o plastic_a power_n though_o i_o be_o not_o willing_a to_o acquiesce_v in_o the_o doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n since_o to_o i_o they_o be_v incomprehensible_a yet_o i_o be_o as_o forward_o to_o own_o that_o i_o acknowledge_v the_o admirable_a wisdom_n of_o our_o creator_n no_o less_o because_o he_o have_v think_v fit_a that_o the_o change_n and_o alteration_n in_o matter_n shall_v depend_v on_o accident_n easy_a and_o intelligible_a at_o least_o with_o less_o difficulty_n to_o be_v conceive_v than_o the_o incomprehensible_a doctrine_n of_o substantial_a form_n and_o though_o the_o curious_a and_o delicate_a shape_v of_o salt_n be_v general_o use_v as_o argument_n of_o the_o great_a plastic_a skill_n of_o substantial_a form_n yet_o i_o must_v own_v i_o think_v they_o very_o slight_a thing_n compare_v with_o organise_v body_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v not_o have_v it_o infer_v that_o because_o the_o figure_n of_o salt_n may_v be_v account_v for_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o plastic_a power_n that_o therefore_o the_o body_n of_o animal_n may_v that_o substantial_a form_n be_v not_o necessary_a to_o the_o production_n of_o those_o curious_a figure_n in_o salt_n i_o be_o induce_v to_o believe_v first_o because_o a_o concrete_a of_o no_o less_o curious_a figure_v part_n than_o other_o vitriol_n may_v be_v make_v by_o a_o bare_a connection_n of_o metalline_a and_o saline_n body_n second_o because_o according_a to_o the_o different_a quantity_n of_o liquor_n or_o the_o space_n of_o time_n they_o shoot_v in_o their_o figure_n vary_v according_a to_o which_o agricola_n lib._n 12._o p._n 462._o de_fw-mi re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o cord_n that_o be_v immerge_v into_o vitriol-water_n for_o the_o crystal_n to_o stick_v to_o say_z exit_fw-la his_o pendent_a rest_n lapillis_fw-la extentae_fw-la à _fw-la quo_fw-la humour_n spissus_fw-la adhaerescens_fw-la densatur_fw-la in_fw-la translucentes_fw-la atramenti_fw-la sutorii_fw-la vel_fw-la cubos_fw-la vel_fw-la acinos_fw-la qui_fw-la wae_fw-la speciem_fw-la gerunt_fw-la alkaly_n crystal_n obtain_v from_o a_o alkaly_n i_o remember_v also_o that_o have_v a_o long_a time_n think_v that_o the_o method_n usual_o take_v in_o prepare_v alkalyes_n such_o as_o salt_n of_o tartar_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o reason_n why_o they_o be_v gather_v in_o the_o form_n of_o calx_fw-la i_o take_v care_n to_o dissolve_v alkalyes_n well_o purify_v in_o water_n slow_o evaporate_n it_o till_o crust_v over_o with_o a_o icy_a crust_n which_o be_v preserve_v entire_a lest_o they_o shall_v want_v a_o
can_v no_o long_o swim_v in_o it_o but_o obtain_v the_o several_a new_a quality_n before_o mention_v and_o that_o the_o change_n be_v thus_o effect_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v since_o by_o a_o bare_a circulation_n in_o a_o just_a degree_n of_o heat_n quicksilver_n will_v assume_v the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n which_o will_v not_o with_o so_o much_o ease_n be_v raise_v by_o the_o fire_n as_o the_o mercury_n itself_o but_o this_o will_v be_v further_o illustrate_v by_o the_o ten_o experiment_n chemist_n inference_n draw_v against_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o chemist_n therefore_o to_o draw_v inference_n from_o this_o experiment_n which_o may_v disfavour_v the_o hypostatical_a principle_n of_o the_o chemist_n if_o water_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v change_v into_o earth_n by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o other_o ingredient_n of_o body_n may_v and_o in_o the_o analization_n of_o body_n there_o may_v be_v a_o transmutation_n of_o substance_n as_o well_o as_o a_o separation_n of_o 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body_n may_v act_v as_o menstruum_n in_o the_o dissolution_n of_o other_o not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v so_o change_v in_o the_o vessel_n of_o plant_n as_o to_o become_v sharp_a and_o powerful_o penetrate_v whether_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o glass-vessel_n be_v diminish_v by_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v likewise_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v satisfy_v whether_o water_n itself_o be_v true_o a_o homogeneous_a body_n which_o if_o it_o be_v it_o will_v be_v strange_a that_o without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o plastic_a power_n or_o seminal_a principle_n it_o shall_v be_v so_o transmute_v since_o that_o a_o bare_a convention_n of_o the_o particle_n of_o a_o fluid_a into_o a_o concrete_a shall_v alter_v their_o specific_a gravity_n be_v hard_o if_o not_o impossible_a to_o be_v parallel_v by_o art_n but_o in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v further_a remarkable_a that_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n pour_v upon_o this_o powder_n will_v corrode_v it_o and_o that_o by_o a_o effusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n there_o be_v raise_v a_o considerable_a ferment_n as_o when_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v put_v upon_o lapis_fw-la stellaris_fw-la so_o that_o i_o suspect_v the_o rain-water_n may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o some_o of_o the_o sandy_a part_n of_o glass_n dissolve_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o fire_n and_o actuate_a the_o particle_n of_o it_o but_o this_o suspicion_n be_v partly_o take_v off_o because_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o like_a ebullition_n upon_o a_o mixture_n of_o spirit_n of_o salt_n with_o wood-ash_n which_o be_v clear_v of_o their_o salt_n in_o boil_a water_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o experiment_n we_o may_v further_o reflect_v upon_o the_o foregoing_a suspicion_n that_o if_o the_o body_n of_o the_o glass-vessel_n be_v in_o the_o least_o dissolve_v in_o this_o operation_n it_o will_v be_v a_o powerful_a instance_n of_o the_o force_n of_o insipid_a menstruum_n and_o it_o will_v be_v no_o less_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o form_n and_o quality_n before_o deliver_v that_o water_n itself_o be_v subject_a to_o undergo_v such_o considerable_a change_n as_o this_o experiment_n show_v it_o be_v i_o may_v produce_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o corroborate_v what_o i_o have_v deliver_v concern_v transmutation_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v that_o i_o as_o well_o as_o two_o several_a person_n who_o i_o employ_v have_v without_o the_o addition_n of_o any_o thing_n obtain_v from_o spirit_n of_o wine_n which_o be_v whole_o inflammable_a a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o phlegm_n and_o that_o too_o without_o its_o be_v affect_v by_o any_o visible_a body_n experiment_n x._o result_v consider_v able_a change_n may_v be_v wrought_v in_o body_n by_o mixture_n and_o the_o texture_n thence_o result_v to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o experiment_n to_o show_v what_o sudden_a production_n and_o alteration_n of_o quality_n may_v be_v effect_v by_o a_o coalition_n of_o the_o small_a number_n of_o ingredient_n general_o take_v for_o homogeneous_a body_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o change_n of_o body_n in_o themselves_o considerable_a may_v be_v effect_v by_o very_o easy_a mixture_n viz._n have_v by_o degree_n mix_v a_o equal_a weight_n of_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n together_o and_o place_v they_o in_o a_o bolt-head_n stop_v close_o with_o hard_a wax_n and_o a_o cork_n digest_v the_o mixture_n in_o a_o moderate_a heat_n for_o some_o time_n then_o pour_v it_o out_o into_o a_o glass_n cucurbit_n lute_v on_o a_o head_n and_o a_o receiver_n to_o preserve_v the_o subtle_a spirit_n from_o fly_v away_o then_o with_o a_o moderate_a heat_n draw_v off_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n till_o the_o drop_v begin_v to_o come_v over-sowrish_a then_o shift_v the_o receiver_n and_o careful_o go_v on_o with_o the_o distillation_n increase_v the_o fire_n till_o as_o much_o be_v draw_v off_o as_o you_o can_v keep_v the_o substance_n remain_v in_o the_o cucurbit_n in_o a_o glass_n well_o stop_v and_o secure_a from_o the_o air._n the_o phaenomena_n exhibit_v by_o this_o experiment_n be_v the_o follow_v first_o that_o the_o spirit_n first_o draw_v from_o these_o two_o inodorous_a body_n be_v endow_v with_o a_o smell_v different_a from_o all_o other_o and_o part_n though_o pleasant_a and_o fragrant_a yet_o very_o subtle_a and_o penetrate_a second_o that_o the_o liquor_n draw_v off_o last_o have_v a_o very_a strong_a sulphureous_a smell_n which_o stink_v and_o affect_v the_o sensory_a so_o powerful_o that_o it_o will_v almost_o take_v away_o one_o breath_n three_o this_o mixture_n yield_v a_o liquor_n which_o will_v mix_v with_o neither_o of_o the_o former_a yet_o be_v very_o subtle_a pleasant_a and_o aromatical_a four_o the_o substance_n remain_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v opacous_a and_o almost_o as_o black_a as_o jet_v and_o withal_o very_o brittle_a five_o and_o though_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o two_o liquor_n the_o one_o corrosive_a and_o the_o other_o inflammable_a and_o both_o of_o very_o pungent_a taste_n yet_o be_v it_o void_a of_o taste_n and_o can_v not_o without_o great_a difficulty_n if_o at_o all_o be_v bring_v to_o burn_v six_o neither_o will_v it_o be_v mix_v for_o some_o day_n with_o water_n though_o the_o oil_n and_o spirit_n ready_o diffuse_v themselves_o in_o that_o liquor_n beside_o it_o be_v of_o so_o very_o fix_v a_o nature_n that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v raise_v by_o a_o strong_a and_o last_a fire_n though_o both_o oil_n and_o vitriol_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n be_v extreme_o volatile_a and_o now_o have_v thus_o in_o short_a lay_v down_o these_o experiment_n as_o sufficient_a proof_n of_o the_o doctrine_n before_o deliver_v i_o shall_v conclude_v with_o this_o reflection_n viz._n that_o in_o all_o the_o change_n and_o alteration_n that_o have_v be_v effect_v by_o art_n it_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o depend_v on_o the_o imaginary_a substantial_a form_n of_o the_o school_n that_o they_o evident_o appear_v to_o be_v the_o sole_a effect_n of_o local_a motion_n so_o alter_v the_o figure_n and_o size_n of_o the_o minute_n part_n of_o body_n or_o otherwise_o transpose_v they_o as_o upon_o a_o fresh_a association_n and_o coalition_n of_o they_o to_o form_v new_a concretes_n of_o texture_n very_o different_a from_o the_o former_a and_o if_o motion_n bulk_n and_o shape_v together_o with_o peculiar_a texture_n be_v enough_o to_o cause_v so_o many_o different_a phaenomena_n as_o have_v be_v lay_v down_o there_o be_v no_o reason_n why_o other_o quality_n may_v not_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o same_o fertile_a principle_n since_o all_o the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o work_n of_o nature_n and_o art_n in_o alter_v the_o form_n of_o natural_a body_n lie_v in_o this_o viz._n that_o in_o the_o work_v of_o nature_n active_a and_o passive_a body_n casual_o meet_v together_o and_o
in_o the_o latter_a the_o different_a substance_n concern_v in_o every_o new_a production_n be_v bring_v together_o by_o a_o artist_n for_o in_o both_o the_o agent_n act_v as_o a_o natural_a agent_n chap._n x._o a_o experiment_n with_o some_o consideration_n touch_v the_o differ_a part_n and_o redintegration_n of_o salt-petre_n salt-petre_a be_v a_o concrete_a so_o universal_o concern_v in_o the_o composition_n of_o most_o body_n that_o it_o will_v be_v of_o no_o small_a import_n to_o natural_a philosophy_n to_o inquire_v thorough_o into_o the_o nature_n of_o it_o which_o will_v in_o some_o measure_n appear_v by_o consider_v how_o many_o substance_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o it_o or_o turn_v into_o it_o which_o will_v be_v brief_o intimate_v in_o the_o follow_a experiment_n salt-petre_n a_o attempt_n to_o redintegrate_a the_o form_n of_o salt-petre_n have_v according_a to_o the_o usual_a method_n crystalize_v nitre_n we_o melt_v four_o ounce_n of_o it_o in_o a_o crucible_n into_o a_o limpid_a liquor_n throw_v in_o live-coal_n successive_o till_o it_o will_v kindle_v and_o fulminate_v no_o long_o and_o continue_v it_o in_o a_o strong_a fire_n a_o considerable_a time_n to_o dissipate_v the_o remain_a volatile_a part_n and_o then_o break_v the_o crucible_n we_o divide_v the_o fix_a nitre_n immediate_o into_o two_o portion_n one_o of_o which_o be_v dissolve_v in_o as_o much_o water_n as_o be_v sufficient_a we_o drop_v in_o spirit_n of_o salt-petre_n till_o the_o ebullition_n raise_v by_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o liquor_n whole_o cease_v and_o then_o filtrate_v the_o mix_v liquor_n we_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o open_a glass-viol_n and_o on_o the_o other_o part_n undissolve_v we_o likewise_o drop_v the_o same_o spirit_n till_o the_o firmentation_n cease_v expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n in_o a_o open_a glass-jar_a in_o the_o former_a mixture_n wherein_o the_o water_n be_v put_v in_o a_o few_o hour_n certain_a crystal_n of_o salt-petre_n stick_v to_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o glass_n among_o which_o be_v several_a other_o crystal_n like_o mustardseed_n encompass_v with_o a_o downy_a substance_n the_o crystal_n the_o next_o day_n be_v considerable_o great_a be_v take_v out_o and_o both_o by_o their_o burn_a and_o shape_n appear_v to_o be_v nitrous_a nitrous_a salt_n be_v furnish_v with_o flat_a side_n which_o when_o opposite_a be_v usualy_a parallel_n and_o as_o for_o that_o downy_a matter_n which_o adhere_v to_o some_o of_o they_o we_o judge_v it_o to_o proceed_v from_o the_o disproportion_n of_o the_o volatile_a and_o fix_a part_n of_o the_o nitre_n which_o be_v to_o be_v join_v together_o anew_o these_o thing_n be_v observe_v we_o pour_v the_o remain_a liquor_n into_o a_o open_a glass-vessel_n which_o in_o about_o three_o weaks-time_n be_v again_o saturate_v with_o petre_n we_o pour_v it_o from_o the_o salt_n and_o evaporate_v it_o in_o a_o digest_v furnace_n the_o other_o mixture_n which_o be_v only_o fix_v nitre_n and_o spirit_n of_o salt-petre_n for_o the_o most_o part_n present_o subside_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o salt_n which_o when_o dry_v in_o the_o air_n be_v of_o very_o irregular_a figure_n and_o in_o some_o part_n not_o much_o different_a in_o shape_n from_o salt-petre_n which_o it_o also_o much_o resemble_v in_o burn_v though_o the_o deflagration_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n peculiar_a to_o itself_o but_o this_o salt_n together_o with_o the_o liquor_n swim_v upon_o it_o be_v preserve_v in_o the_o air_n for_o about_o a_o month_n long_o after_o evaportion_n the_o one_o half_a shot_n into_o crystal_n which_o burn_v much_o like_o petre_n and_o have_v a_o similar_v figure_n though_o a_o different_a taste_n and_o the_o other_o half_a be_v speedy_o exhale_v shoot_v into_o crystal_n of_o a_o distinct_a figure_n from_o all_o other_o experiment_n caution_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n now_o to_o make_v this_o experiment_n clear_a the_o follow_a thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o that_o in_o fix_v the_o nitre_n new-coal_n be_v not_o to_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o crucible_n till_o the_o former_a be_v almost_o spend_v or_o be_v throw_v out_o by_o the_o violent_a exhalation_n of_o nitrous_a and_o volatile_a part_n 2._o that_o the_o quantity_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n drop_n '_o upon_o the_o fix_a nitre_n be_v almost_o proportionable_a to_o the_o salt-petre_n spend_v in_o the_o fix_v of_o it_o 3._o that_o this_o fix_a nitre_n be_v very_o little_a different_a in_o taste_n from_o salt_n of_o tartar_n have_v the_o same_o aptness_n to_o absorb_n air_n and_o to_o relaxate_v in_o moist_a air_n yet_o it_o differ_v in_o colour_n be_v betwixt_o a_o blue_n and_o a_o green_a one_o which_o it_o lose_v upon_o the_o affusion_n of_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n salt-petre_n another_o method_n of_o reunite_a the_o part_n of_o salt-petre_n but_o this_o method_n be_v tedious_a i_o shall_v propose_v a_o way_n more_o expedition_n which_o be_v this_o have_v run_v fix_v nitre_n per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la and_o by_o filtration_n separate_v it_o from_o its_o face_n we_o drop_v upon_o the_o liquor_n spirit_n of_o nitre_n which_o after_o a_o ferment_n usual_a to_o a_o mixture_n of_o those_o liquor_n present_o shoot_v into_o crystal_n in_o shape_n as_o well_o as_o nature_n manifest_o nitrous_a method_n a_o three_o method_n another_o way_n we_o take_v be_v this_o have_v impregnate_v a_o solution_n of_o fix_a nitre_n in_o water_n with_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n and_o filtrate_v it_o through_o cap-paper_n the_o cool_a liquor_n in_o a_o short_a time_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n like_o those_o of_o petre_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v again_o evaporate_v afford_v a_o fresh_a quantity_n of_o crystal_n not_o unlike_o the_o former_a but_o lest_o the_o sal-petre_n re-produced_a by_o the_o coalition_n of_o these_o two_o body_n shall_v be_v think_v to_o lodge_v in_o the_o fix_a nitre_n and_o only_o to_o be_v unyoke_v by_o their_o solution_n it_o be_v requisite_a to_o annex_v that_o the_o great_a quantity_n that_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o remain_v in_o the_o fix_a nitre_n will_v not_o amount_v to_o such_o a_o quantity_n as_o that_o mixture_n afford_v and_o to_o make_v the_o matter_n less_o suspicious_a we_o impregnate_v a_o solution_n of_o pot-ash_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o we_o have_v do_v the_o fix_a nitre_n tartar_n salt-petre_n obtain_v from_o pot-ash_n aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n which_o after_o filtration_n and_o evaparation_n shoot_v into_o crystal_n which_o 0103_o 0207_o five_o 3_o be_v very_o like_o salt-petre_n in_o taste_n as_o well_o as_o their_o deflagration_n upon_o live-coal_n we_o likewise_o obtain_v a_o small_a quantity_n of_o salt-petre_n from_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o salt_n of_o tartar_n associate_v but_o to_o draw_v inference_n from_o the_o foregoing_a experiment_n from_o hence_o we_o may_v learn_v that_o the_o sensible_a quality_n of_o body_n may_v be_v account_v for_o by_o the_o mechanical_a motion_n together_o with_o the_o figure_n and_o disposition_n or_o modification_n of_o their_o part_n and_o first_o though_o salt-petre_n be_v a_o body_n inward_o and_o in_o itself_o cool_a yet_o the_o part_n of_o it_o different_o modify_v in_o our_o experiment_n be_v put_v together_o do_v immediate_o put_v each_o other_o into_o so_o violent_a a_o heat_n that_o i_o can_v with_o much_o ado_n hold_v the_o glass_n in_o my_o hand_n so_o that_o heat_n seem_v to_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o quick_a motion_n of_o the_o fine_a particle_n of_o body_n since_o it_o no_o long_o continue_v in_o that_o mixture_n than_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v in_o agitation_n upon_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o viz._n the_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n with_o the_o fix_a there_o be_v likewise_o produce_v a_o audible_a sound_n proceed_v from_o the_o percussion_n of_o the_o air_n by_o the_o swift_o and_o impetuous_o agitate_a part_n of_o the_o mixture_n a_o sound_v like_a to_o which_o be_v produce_v by_o a_o hot_a coal_n cast_v into_o water_n or_o into_o melt_a nitre_n in_o a_o crucible_n though_o the_o latter_a cause_n a_o sound_n much_o loud_o which_o sound_v probable_o proceed_v from_o the_o percussion_n of_o the_o air_n because_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o bullet_n or_o a_o stick_n where_o the_o quickness_n of_o the_o percussion_n put_v the_o air_n into_o a_o undulate_a motion_n will_v cause_v a_o sound_n as_o soon_o as_o that_o undulate_a motion_n reach_v the_o ear_n and_o it_o be_v further_o confirm_v because_o that_o sound_v no_o long_o continue_v than_o the_o part_n be_v violent_o agitate_a and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o sound_n produce_v by_o the_o mutual_a conflict_n cease_v long_o before_o the_o heat_n which_o be_v acquire_v by_o that_o ebullition_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o same_o intestine_a motion_n of_o part_n which_o be_v able_a to_o produce_v heat_n be_v incapable_a of_o cause_v
the_o more_o their_o fluidity_n be_v increase_v body_n a_o fluid_n may_v be_v obtain_v from_o a_o consistent_a body_n and_o here_o it_o may_v not_o be_v unseasonable_a to_o inquire_v how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o a_o transparent_a liquor_n shall_v be_v draw_v from_o such_o brittle_a body_n as_o common_a salt_n i_o know_v it_o be_v usual_o allege_v that_o the_o fire_n only_o separate_v the_o moist_a from_o the_o dry_a part_n but_o since_o body_n already_o calcine_v or_o melt_v must_v needs_o by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n have_v their_o moist_a part_n likewise_o so_o separate_v it_o be_v rather_o probable_a that_o the_o fire_n only_o divide_v their_o part_n and_o put_v they_o into_o a_o violent_a agitation_n by_o which_o they_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n which_o fall_v into_o the_o receiver_n condense_a into_o a_o fluid_a who_o part_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o shape_n and_o size_n be_v apt_a for_o motion_n continue_v to_o move_v up_o and_o down_o and_o so_o preserve_v that_o body_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o fluid_a the_o motion_n of_o the_o air_n or_o of_o some_o interpose_a body_n concur_v to_o preserve_v the_o part_n of_o that_o in_o motion_n likewise_o and_o that_o the_o air_n abound_v with_o part_n perpetual_o in_o a_o various_a motion_n will_v appear_v by_o and_o by_o other_o some_o body_n more_o easy_o preserve_v fluid_a than_o other_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n that_o a_o much_o great_a degree_n of_o motion_n be_v requisite_a to_o preserve_v some_o body_n in_o a_o fluid_a form_n than_o other_o be_v plain_a since_o several_a body_n will_v be_v freeze_v with_o one_o degree_n of_o cold_a with_o which_o other_o will_v not_o and_o though_o the_o watery_a part_n of_o wine_n in_o some_o country_n will_v freeze_v yet_o the_o spirituous_a corpuscle_n of_o the_o same_o liquor_n remain_v untouched_a and_o though_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o help_n of_o good_a weather-glass_n that_o cold_a condense_n the_o air_n yet_o it_o be_v never_o so_o far_o condense_v as_o to_o become_v ice_n because_o the_o perpetual_a motion_n concur_v with_o the_o minuteness_n and_o shape_n of_o its_o part_n they_o be_v always_o in_o a_o agitation_n requisite_a to_o keep_v it_o in_o that_o form_n and_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o the_o part_n of_o salt_n be_v very_a minute_n since_o from_o experiment_n before_o mention_v it_o appear_v that_o spirit_n of_o salt_n and_o urine_n will_v unite_v into_o a_o salarmoniack_a and_o it_o be_v further_o confirm_v since_o common-salt_n mix_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la will_v dissolve_v gold_n as_o well_o as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n join_v with_o the_o latter_a and_o though_o crude_a nitre_n itself_o be_v mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o salt_n the_o result_a mixture_n will_v supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o i_o be_o inform_v that_o that_o a_o chemist_n in_o holland_n draw_v no_o less_o than_o fourteen_o ounce_n of_o spirit_n from_o a_o pound_n of_o salt_n a_o whitish_a clay_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o the_o common_a caput_n mortuum_n and_o that_o when_o he_o have_v dephlegm_v the_o spirit_n twelve_o ounce_n remain_v very_o high_o rectify_v which_o may_v be_v something_o in_o favour_n of_o beguinus_n who_o pretend_v to_o have_v get_v a_o pound_n of_o spirit_n from_o a_o pound_n of_o salt_n but_o it_o may_v be_v a_o question_n whether_o the_o fluidity_n of_o these_o body_n may_v not_o in_o part_n proceed_v from_o the_o action_n of_o the_o fire_n work_v upon_o some_o part_n of_o the_o concrete_a since_o a_o phlegm_n or_o water_n may_v be_v obtain_v from_o rectify_v spirit_n so_o as_o to_o change_v part_n of_o it_o into_o a_o moist_a body_n like_o water_n and_o this_o will_v rather_o be_v think_v probable_a if_o we_o consider_v and_o believe_v what_o the_o famous_a helmont_n say_v viz._n that_o he_o can_v reduce_v oil_n and_o salt_n into_o insipid_a water_n fluidity_n the_o figure_n of_o the_o part_n of_o body_n as_o well_o as_o their_o size_n contribute_v to_o tseir_v fluidity_n without_o the_o help_n of_o that_o noble_a alkahest_n which_o will_v render_v gross_a body_n whole_o liquid_a and_o here_o it_o be_v requisite_a to_o add_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o the_o size_n of_o the_o part_n of_o body_n that_o endue_v they_o with_o a_o disposition_n to_o fluidity_n but_o also_o their_o shape_v and_o i_o be_o the_o more_o confirm_v in_o this_o opinion_n because_o have_v distil_v oil_n of_o olive_n in_o a_o glass-retort_n per_fw-la se_fw-la near_o a_o three_o part_n of_o it_o be_v coagulate_v in_o the_o receiver_n into_o a_o whitish_a substance_n not_o very_o much_o unlike_o butter_n where_o the_o distil_a substance_n which_o usual_o be_v fluid_a though_o draw_v from_o solid_a concretes_n be_v on_o the_o contrary_a in_o this_o experiment_n a_o consistent_a one_o yield_v by_o a_o liquid_a for_o which_o no_o other_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v but_o that_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o liquid_a part_n be_v so_o alter_v as_o to_o become_v unfit_a for_o motion_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o reason_n of_o fluidity_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o in_o pour_v of_o sand_n corn_n flower_n apple_n walnut_n etc._n etc._n out_o of_o a_o sack_n that_o that_o aggregate_v of_o body_n who_o part_n be_v the_o least_o appear_v most_o like_a liquid_n and_o it_o be_v common_o observe_v that_o whites_n of_o egg_n by_o be_v beat_v with_o a_o whisk_n present_o lose_v their_o clamminess_n and_o viscidity_n and_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o thin_a and_o fluid_a substance_n their_o part_n be_v break_v asunder_o and_o more_o minutely_o divide_v and_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o that_o jelly_n which_o be_v by_o the_o vulgar_a thought_n to_o fall_v from_o a_o star_n by_o be_v a_o long_a time_n digest_v in_o a_o well-stopped_a glass_n become_v a_o permanent_a liquor_n again_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o silver_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v in_o mould_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o curious_a and_o fine_a impression_n of_o hair-line_n the_o metal_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v pour_v in_o very_o hot_a but_o to_o be_v keep_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o fusion_n before_o it_o be_v thin_a enough_o to_o run_v into_o those_o line_n and_o to_o take_v exact_a impression_n of_o they_o from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o body_n already_o fluid_a may_v become_v more_o fluid_a and_o the_o like_a instance_n may_v be_v bring_v from_o other_o body_n as_o turpentine_n oil_n etc._n etc._n and_o if_o what_o helinont_a assert_n of_o the_o liquor_n alkahest_n be_v true_a viz._n that_o it_o will_v turn_v all_o substance_n whether_o mineral_n metal_n plant_n or_o animal_n into_o a_o fluid_a substance_n of_o a_o equal_a weight_n with_o each_o other_o than_o it_o follow_v that_o to_o divide_v a_o body_n into_o part_n small_a enough_o be_v enough_o to_o make_v it_o fluid_a and_o to_o this_o i_o must_v add_v that_o considerable_a change_n may_v be_v effect_v mere_o by_o a_o long_a digestion_n in_o vessel_n well_o stop_v and_o place_v in_o a_o convenient_a heat_n 2._o the_o second_o requisite_a to_o constitute_v a_o fluid_a body_n be_v that_o it_o shall_v have_v considerable_a vacuity_n or_o pore_n betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o it_o fluidity_n porousness_n in_o body_n requisite_a to_o their_o fluidity_n for_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o space_n the_o part_n be_v put_v into_o motion_n will_v not_o have_v space_n to_o continue_v it_o in_o nor_o can_v one_o particle_n by_o the_o impulse_n of_o another_o be_v force_v to_o give_v way_n but_o before_o i_o proceed_v it_o will_v be_v requisite_a here_o to_o note_n that_o by_o space_n i_o will_v not_o be_v think_v to_o mean_a vacuity_n proper_o so_o call_v but_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o substance_n betwixt_o they_o which_o will_v obstruct_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o more_o solid_a part_n this_o caution_n be_v premise_v i_o shall_v to_o illustrate_v this_o second_o requisite_a observe_v that_o snow_n which_o be_v of_o a_o open_a and_o slight_a texture_n before_o it_o be_v compress_v may_v soon_o be_v squeeze_v into_o so_o close_a and_o compact_a a_o lump_n as_o to_o resist_v a_o very_a strong_a pressure_n the_o air_n which_o before_o be_v interpose_v betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o it_o be_v press_v out_o again_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o when_o water_n be_v close_v up_o in_o a_o bladder_n and_o want_v its_o liberty_n to_o move_v in_o a_o yield_n and_o free_a medium_fw-la the_o part_n thus_o confine_v together_o resist_v impression_n like_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o this_o experiment_n i_o the_o rather_o make_v use_n of_o than_o a_o bladder_n distend_v with_o air_n because_o the_o distension_n of_o that_o may_v partly_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air._n fluidity_n how_o such_o vacuity_n contribute_v of_o fluidity_n but_o it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v
again_o without_o the_o additional_a weight_n of_o four_o ounce_n and_o in_o this_o experiment_n it_o be_v further_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o as_o the_o valve_n be_v raise_v high_a and_o high_o in_o the_o cucurbite_n a_o weight_n portionable_o less_o be_v sufficient_a to_o open_v it_o in_o which_o experiment_n if_o fuga_fw-la vacui_fw-la resist_v the_o open_n of_o the_o valve_n it_o will_v have_v require_v the_o same_o weight_n at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n as_o in_o the_o bottom_n the_o valve_n be_v in_o both_o place_n under_o water_n and_o therefore_o the_o difference_n rather_o proceed_v from_o the_o compressure_n of_o the_o ambient_fw-la water_n that_o press_v the_o part_n of_o the_o valve_n together_o and_o though_o air_n be_v a_o body_n much_o more_o light_a than_o water_n yet_o consider_v that_o the_o difference_n be_v but_o about_o as_o much_o as_o 1000_o to_o 1_o and_o that_o the_o particle_n of_o air_n which_o press_v upon_o our_o atmosphaere_n be_v incumbent_a upon_o each_o other_o for_o several_a score_n miles_n in_o height_n it_o be_v not_o absurd_a to_o expect_v that_o their_o pressure_n shall_v be_v considerable_a and_o sufficient_a to_o press_v the_o two_o marble_n together_o for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o our_o doctrine_n of_o firmness_n to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v another_o experiment_n which_o be_v that_o have_v suspend_v the_o aforementioned_a coherent_a marble_n in_o a_o large_a glass_n when_o the_o air_n be_v considerable_o exhaust_v the_o low_a present_o fall_v from_o it_o and_o though_o the_o uppermost_a be_v let_v down_o to_o it_o yet_o it_o can_v not_o be_v raise_v till_o fresh_a air_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o glass_n again_o and_o then_o they_o be_v again_o press_v strong_o together_o and_o become_v coherent_a as_o in_o the_o open_a air._n rest_n rest_v itself_o for_o the_o most_o part_n sufficient_a to_o cause_v rest_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o discourse_n from_o which_o these_o experiment_n have_v make_v a_o 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agent_n so_o weak_a as_o the_o air_n and_o especial_o some_o part_n of_o matter_n more_o minute_n which_o be_v disperse_v through_o it_o and_o second_o it_o may_v be_v question_v how_o any_o part_n of_o matter_n can_v be_v move_v so_o slow_a if_o at_o all_o as_o to_o be_v so_o long_o in_o move_v from_o the_o internal_a part_n of_o a_o needle_n to_o the_o superficies_n as_o our_o hypothesis_n require_v but_o to_o the_o first_o i_o answer_v that_o those_o external_n part_n be_v not_o the_o sole_a cause_n of_o these_o motion_n but_o only_a assistant_n to_o the_o principal_a which_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o have_v late_o be_v note_v concern_v the_o connate_a disposition_n to_o motion_n attribute_v to_o matter_n according_a to_o the_o epicurean_a and_o cartesian_a philosophy_n and_o by_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o loadstone_n upon_o the_o needle_n we_o may_v be_v teach_v to_o guess_v what_o
follow_a instance_n will_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o part_n of_o a_o liquid_a be_v put_v into_o motion_n may_v have_v such_o effect_n though_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o a_o tremulous_a motion_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o earth_n so_o violent_a as_o to_o be_v extend_v to_o a_o great_a distance_n the_o instance_n be_v that_o the_o water_n have_v be_v put_v into_o so_o violent_a a_o motion_n by_o a_o engine_n contrive_v to_o sink_v ship_n that_o it_o shake_v several_a ship_n which_o be_v at_o a_o considerable_a distance_n so_o strong_o that_o those_o who_o be_v on_o the_o deck_n can_v scarce_o stand_v and_o in_o the_o late_a great_a sea-fight_n between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o dutch_a though_o they_o engage_v at_o several_a league_n distance_n from_o the_o hague_n yet_o the_o english_a ambassador_n who_o be_v then_o resident_n there_o assure_v i_o that_o the_o gun_n be_v not_o only_o hear_v thither_o but_o that_o his_o chamber_n window_n be_v considerable_o shake_v and_o some_o body_n be_v so_o apt_a to_o receive_v impression_n from_o the_o undulate_a motion_n of_o the_o air_n as_o to_o be_v sensible_o though_o not_o visible_o affect_v of_o which_o simon_n pauli_n in_o his_o ingenious_a tract_n de_fw-fr febribus_fw-la malignis_fw-la p._n 71._o give_v a_o instance_n in_o these_o word_n atqui_fw-la aeger_fw-la ille_fw-la gallus_n brachio_n truncatus_fw-la octiduum_fw-la quidem_fw-la superfuit_fw-la sed_fw-la horrendis_fw-la totius_fw-la corporis_fw-la convulsionibus_fw-la correptus_fw-la qui_fw-la quoque_fw-la ut_fw-la &_o illa_fw-la addam_fw-la observatione_fw-la dignissima_fw-la dum_o in_o domini_fw-la svi_fw-la aedibus_fw-la ad_fw-la plateam_fw-la kiodmoggerianum_n romanè_fw-la laniorum_fw-la appellares_fw-la decumberet_fw-la ac_fw-la i_o ac_fw-la aliis_fw-la aliquandiu_fw-la ad_fw-la lectum_n illius_fw-la considentibus_fw-la quidem_fw-la sed_fw-la nobis_fw-la non_fw-la attendentibus_fw-la explodentur_fw-la tormenta_fw-mi bellica_fw-la ex_fw-la regiis_fw-la ac_fw-la praetoriis_fw-la navibus_fw-la sinistra_fw-la truncum_fw-la dextrâ_fw-la brachii_fw-la fovens_fw-la ac_fw-la complectens_fw-la toties_fw-la quoties_fw-la exploderentur_fw-la singula_fw-la exclamabat_fw-la au_fw-fr au_o i_o miserum_fw-la jesus_n maria_n count_v undor_n penitus_fw-la adeo_fw-la permolesta_fw-la &_o intolerabilis_fw-la illi_fw-la erat_fw-la tormentorum_fw-la explosio_fw-la &_o quidem_fw-la ex_fw-la loco_fw-la satis_fw-la longinquo_fw-la terrâ_fw-la non_fw-la firma_fw-la aut_fw-la contiguâ_fw-la verùm_fw-la super_fw-la salo_fw-la aut_fw-la mari_fw-fr balthico_fw-la instituta_fw-la from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o fluid_a body_n may_v operate_v considerable_o upon_o a_o solid_a though_o the_o motion_n which_o cause_v such_o effect_n be_v not_o perceive_v and_o of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o forego_n relation_n i_o be_o further_a assure_v by_o the_o like_a effect_n produce_v in_o the_o shatter_v bone_n of_o wound_a man_n at_o sea_n who_o have_v have_v sensible_a pain_n upon_o the_o discharge_v of_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n but_o lest_o in_o the_o aforementioned_a instance_n it_o shall_v be_v allege_v that_o these_o sound_n be_v rather_o propagate_v by_o the_o earth_n which_o the_o body_n which_o receive_v the_o first_o impression_n lean_v upon_o than_o convey_v through_o the_o air_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o the_o sound_v of_o thunder_n be_v not_o liable_a to_o such_o objection_n since_o it_o can_v only_o be_v propagate_v through_o the_o air_n yet_o the_o part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v in_o so_o powerful_a a_o agitation_n that_o they_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o shake_v not_o only_o house_n but_o several_a ship_n at_o sea_n but_o these_o effect_n will_v not_o be_v think_v strange_a if_o we_o reflect_v on_o what_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v produce_v by_o the_o celerity_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o a_o body_n especial_o if_o we_o likewise_o consider_v that_o sound_v be_v propagate_v with_o great_a celerity_n than_o any_o thing_n we_o know_v beside_o in_o our_o sphere_n for_o though_o as_o marsennus_n take_v notice_n a_o bullet_n move_v 240_o yard_n in_o the_o six_o part_n of_o a_o minute_n yet_o i_o have_v observe_v sound_v to_o move_v 400_o yard_n in_o the_o same_o space_n of_o time_n but_o though_o it_o be_v grant_v that_o sound_n may_v be_v convey_v through_o the_o air_n the_o concussion_n of_o house_n or_o ship_n at_o sea_n may_v be_v suppose_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o impetuous_a motion_n of_o the_o medium_fw-la violent_o shake_v by_o a_o intense_a agitation_n where_o those_o sound_n be_v original_o form_v yet_o i_o conceive_v the_o effect_n which_o those_o sound_n have_v on_o body_n which_o be_v place_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o this_o globe_n depend_v in_o some_o measure_n on_o the_o disposition_n of_o those_o body_n to_o be_v work_v upon_o by_o such_o but_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o instance_n allege_v in_o proof_n of_o this_o proposition_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o observation_n make_v by_o the_o experience_a platerus_n which_o show_v that_o a_o solid_a body_n may_v have_v such_o a_o disposition_n as_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o receive_v impression_n from_o the_o languid_a motion_n of_o air_n for_o lib._n observe_v 1._o p._n 185._o he_o say_v faemina_fw-la quaedam_fw-la in_o subitaneum_fw-la incidit_fw-la morbum_fw-la viribus_fw-la subito_fw-la prostratis_fw-la se_fw-la suffocari_fw-la indesinenter_fw-la clamitans_fw-la etsi_fw-la nec_fw-la stertoris_n nec_fw-la tussis_fw-la aliqua_fw-la essent_fw-la indicia_fw-la maxim_n verò_fw-la de_fw-fr aura_fw-fr quadam_fw-la adveniente_fw-la si_fw-la vel_fw-la leviter_fw-la aliquis_fw-la adstantium_fw-la se_fw-la moveret_fw-la quae_fw-la illam_fw-la opprimeret_fw-la conquerebatur_fw-la seque_fw-la suffocari_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la propius_fw-la accederet_fw-la clamitabat_fw-la vix_fw-la dum_fw-la biduum_fw-la in_o ea_fw-la anxietate_fw-la perseverans_fw-la expiravit_fw-la to_o which_o he_o add_v vidi_n &_o alios_fw-la aegros_fw-la de_fw-la simili_fw-la aura_fw-fr quae_fw-la eos_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la illis_fw-la appropinquaret_fw-la in_fw-la suffocationis_fw-la periculum_fw-la induceret_fw-la conquerentes_fw-la quod_fw-la semper_fw-la pessimum_fw-la est_fw-la signum_fw-la deprehendi_fw-la iii_o iii_o prop._n iii_o though_o the_o number_n of_o insensible_a part_n of_o matter_n put_v into_o motion_n enable_v they_o to_o perform_v several_a thing_n yet_o they_o be_v usual_o slight_v because_o invisible_a the_o effect_n of_o some_o subtle_a part_n of_o matter_n be_v usual_o esteem_v very_o inconsiderable_a by_o those_o who_o imagine_v that_o these_o more_o subtle_a effluvia_fw-la of_o body_n only_a act_n upon_o the_o exteral_a superficies_n of_o other_o but_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o those_o effluvia_fw-la be_v not_o only_o very_o numerous_a but_o of_o convenient_a figure_n and_o size_n to_o penetrate_v into_o the_o inmost_a recess_n of_o body_n they_o work_v upon_o we_o may_v attribute_v more_o powerful_a effect_n to_o they_o than_o man_n usual_o be_v wont_v to_o do_v for_o as_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o effluvia_fw-la be_v more_o or_o less_o strong_a and_o numerous_a they_o may_v either_o disjoin_v or_o otherwise_o alter_v the_o texture_n of_o those_o body_n as_o in_o a_o anthill_n who_o soil_n be_v full_a of_o egg_n by_o the_o number_n and_o motion_n of_o those_o little_a infect_v the_o egg_n which_o be_v up_o and_o down_o intersperse_v betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n will_v present_o be_v separate_v and_o displace_v or_o as_o the_o leave_n and_o bough_n of_o a_o tree_n be_v various_o bend_v and_o break_v off_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o invisible_a part_n of_o the_o air_n which_o pass_v through_o it_o but_o to_o come_v to_o instance_n which_o may_v more_o illustrate_v what_o we_o be_v about_o that_o the_o subtle_a part_n of_o matter_n who_o effect_n be_v less_o take_v notice_n of_o be_v enable_v by_o their_o size_n and_o figure_n to_o disjoin_v the_o part_n of_o body_n they_o work_v upon_o we_o have_v a_o evident_a instance_n in_o sugar_n and_o amber_n throw_v together_o into_o water_n for_o the_o water_n present_o divide_v the_o part_n of_o the_o sugar_n and_o total_o dissolve_v they_o whereas_o the_o amber_n continue_v unaltred_a to_o which_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v one_o of_o no_o less_o force_n afford_v by_o chemistry_n for_o if_o you_o pour_v limpid_a water_n upon_o that_o consistent_a substance_n which_o remain_v after_o a_o abstraction_n of_o five_o part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n from_o one_o of_o mercury_n and_o shake_v the_o mixture_n the_o calx_fw-la will_n present_o exchange_v it_o be_v white_a for_o a_o limon-colour_n the_o texture_n of_o the_o whole_a mass_n be_v present_o alter_v and_o how_o powerful_a the_o minute_n part_v of_o some_o body_n be_v we_o may_v further_o observe_v in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n for_o if_o a_o piece_n of_o metal_n be_v hold_v in_o the_o flame_n of_o it_o these_o subtle_a particle_n present_o penetrate_v the_o substance_n of_o that_o solid_a body_n and_o so_o exagitate_v the_o part_n of_o it_o as_o to_o put_v they_o into_o a_o motion_n strong_a enough_o to_o cause_v a_o sensible_a heat_n and_o we_o have_v not_o a_o less_o remarkable_a instance_n of_o the_o force_n of_o unheeded_a
colour_n which_o phaenomena_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v exhibit_v be_v not_o either_o some_o insensible_a corpuscle_n transmit_v in_o the_o form_n of_o effluvia_fw-la from_o those_o object_n or_o some_o other_o subtle_a particle_n of_o matter_n direct_v by_o local_a motion_n from_o the_o object_n to_o the_o paper_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o eye_n phaenomena_n the_o establish_v law_n of_o the_o universe_n contribute_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o several_a phaenomena_n from_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o establish_v law_n of_o the_o universe_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n contribute_v to_o the_o produce_v of_o several_a phaenomena_n which_o arise_v from_o the_o operation_n of_o insensible_a and_o unheeded_a cause_n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o if_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n be_v hold_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a line_n so_o that_o the_o low_a end_n of_o it_o touch_v the_o northern_a point_n of_o a_o magnetical_a needle_n it_o will_v present_o drive_v it_o away_o whereas_o if_o the_o position_n of_o that_o iron_n bar_v be_v so_o alter_v as_o to_o touch_v that_o point_n with_o the_o other_o end_n it_o will_v by_o a_o contrary_a faculty_n attract_v it_o except_o the_o iron_n bar_n have_v stand_v a_o considerable_a time_n in_o a_o perpendicular_a posture_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n and_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n or_o have_v lie_v a_o considerable_a time_n point_v north_n and_o south_n and_o so_o have_v acquire_v a_o more_o durable_a verticity_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v ask_v quality_n how_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n acquire_v magnetical_a quality_n why_o by_o such_o posture_n the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o iron_n shall_v be_v so_o much_o increase_v it_o may_v probable_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o proceed_v from_o hence_o viz._n because_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o iron_n by_o lie_v near_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n have_v their_o pore_n render_v more_o apt_a to_o receive_v and_o transmit_v the_o effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o needle_n so_o that_o consequent_o that_o part_n of_o the_o iron_n which_o be_v most_o affect_a by_o those_o steam_n must_v become_v the_o strong_a and_o consequent_o the_o north_n point_v of_o the_o needle_n for_o which_o reason_n it_o must_v drive_v away_o the_o north_n point_v of_o the_o needle_n and_o attract_v the_o south_n but_o if_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o bar_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o needle_n by_o a_o contrary_a reason_n it_o be_v less_o magnetical_a it_o must_v attract_v it_o but_o not_o to_o insist_v upon_o this_o explanation_n of_o the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o a_o bar_n of_o iron_n i_o shall_v only_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v necessary_a in_o order_n to_o acquire_v a_o durable_a magnetical_a virtue_n that_o the_o iron_n shall_v stand_v long_o in_o that_o perpendicular_a posture_n which_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prove_v what_o i_o contend_v for_o viz._n that_o the_o establish_a law_n of_o nature_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o production_n of_o several_a phaenomena_n which_o will_v not_o be_v effect_v be_v not_o those_o law_n observe_v proposition_n the_o three_o proposition_n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o the_o three_o and_o last_o proposition_n viz._n that_o a_o alteration_n of_o the_o mechanical_a texture_n of_o a_o body_n be_v enough_o to_o dispose_v it_o or_o render_v it_o unapt_a to_o be_v work_v on_o by_o those_o unheeded_a agent_n this_o be_v evident_a from_o what_o be_v practise_v at_o sea_n it_o be_v the_o usual_a custom_n for_o the_o seaman_n to_o throw_v water_n upon_o their_o sail_n to_o quicken_v the_o motion_n of_o their_o vessel_n when_o pursue_v by_o pirate_n for_o the_o thread_n of_o the_o sail_n be_v swell_v with_o water_n and_o the_o pore_n by_o that_o mean_v make_v less_o the_o wind_n not_o find_v so_o free_a a_o passage_n through_o they_o must_v consequent_o have_v the_o great_a force_n upon_o the_o sail-clothe_n and_o so_o drive_v the_o ship_n forward_o more_o swift_o another_o instance_n of_o considerable_a effect_n succeed_v a_o very_a slight_a alteration_n in_o texture_n may_v be_v observe_v when_o on_o a_o windy_a day_n a_o chamber-window_n be_v leave_v open_a for_o the_o wind_n which_o before_o only_o shake_v the_o glass_n will_v present_o blow_v the_o curtain_n about_o and_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o chamber_n which_o be_v in_o a_o disposition_n to_o be_v easy_o move_v as_o dust_n paper_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o proceed_v to_o example_n altogether_o not_o so_o gross_a we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o common_a tartar_n will_v neither_o dissolve_v in_o the_o air_n nor_o easy_o in_o water_n yet_o when_o part_n of_o it_o be_v drive_v away_o by_o calcination_n it_o ready_o dissolve_v and_o run_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la in_o a_o moist_a air._n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o though_o a_o loadstone_n by_o be_v heat_v in_o the_o fire_n and_o cool_v again_o undergo_v no_o visible_a change_n as_o to_o shape_n or_o size_n nor_o for_o as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v perceive_v by_o the_o eye_n lose_v none_o of_o its_o part_n yet_o by_o a_o invisible_a change_n of_o texture_n effect_v by_o the_o magnetical_a effluvia_fw-la of_o the_o earth_n it_o may_v alter_v its_o verticity_n according_a to_o the_o different_a posture_n it_o be_v permit_v to_o cool_v in_o and_o the_o like_a change_n i_o have_v observe_v in_o iron_n who_o verticity_n be_v alter_v by_o a_o change_n of_o texture_n wrought_v by_o so_o weak_a a_o agent_n as_o the_o earth_n to_o these_o we_o may_v add_v several_a instance_n in_o liquid_a body_n and_o first_o that_o though_o honey_n and_o water_n mix_v together_o in_o a_o undue_a proportion_n reserve_v each_o their_o distinct_a nature_n yet_o if_o four_o or_o five_o part_n of_o water_n be_v add_v to_o one_o part_n of_o honey_n by_o some_o subtle_a agent_n or_o other_o they_o be_v present_o ferment_v and_o unite_v into_o one_o common_a mass_n and_o i_o be_o assure_v by_o a_o merchant_n who_o live_v several_a year_n in_o the_o canary_n island_n that_o if_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n close_o stop_v be_v violent_o roll_v along_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o liquor_n will_v be_v so_o change_v that_o if_o it_o be_v but_o about_o a_o month_n old_a one_o of_o the_o end_n will_v be_v burst_v out_o and_o the_o liquor_n lose_v another_o instance_n in_o which_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o body_n dispose_v it_o to_o be_v so_o powerful_o work_v upon_o we_o have_v in_o glass_n which_o upon_o a_o sudden_a removal_n from_o the_o fire_n into_o cold_a water_n be_v subject_a to_o fly_v in_o piece_n but_o a_o instance_n which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a be_v that_o a_o hot_a plate_n of_o copper_n be_v permit_v to_o cool_v upon_o some_o which_o be_v more_o moderate_o hot_a in_o the_o fire_n and_o thence_o remove_v upon_o a_o plate_n several_a piece_n like_o scale_n will_v fly_v off_o it_o when_o expose_v to_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o the_o bolonian_a stone_n acquire_v such_o a_o admirable_a quality_n by_o calcination_n that_o by_o be_v place_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n for_o some_o time_n it_o get_v such_o a_o degree_n of_o luminousness_n as_o to_o retain_v it_o a_o considerable_a time_n when_o remove_v into_o the_o dark_a chap._n ii_o of_o cosmical_a suspicion_n the_o world_n about_o we_o be_v stock_v with_o such_o a_o variety_n of_o object_n and_o other_o thing_n too_o small_a or_o subtle_a to_o be_v discern_v it_o may_v not_o be_v unuseful_a upon_o some_o account_n to_o propose_v conjecture_n where_o the_o subject_a consider_v admit_v of_o no_o clear_a discovery_n first_o suspicion_n the_o first_o and_o first_o it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n i_o suspect_v that_o beside_o those_o uniform_a part_n of_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o aether_n by_o some_o philosopher_n be_v think_v to_o consist_v there_o be_v also_o several_a other_o part_n of_o matter_n which_o be_v different_o dispose_v to_o work_v upon_o body_n according_a to_o the_o various_a texture_n of_o those_o body_n they_o chance_v to_o work_v upon_o or_o according_a to_o the_o different_a agent_n they_o chance_v to_o work_v concurrent_o with_o and_o this_o suspicion_n be_v not_o improbable_a since_o the_o inquisitive_a gilbert_n have_v not_o only_o discover_v the_o magnetical_a quality_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o be_v diffuse_v on_o every_o side_n but_o also_o it_o be_v common_o know_v that_o upon_o the_o hunt_n of_o a_o deer_n several_a subtle_a effluvia_fw-la be_v leave_v behind_o in_o the_o air_n which_o we_o shall_v pass_v by_o unobserved_a be_v there_o not_o such_o creature_n as_o bloodhound_n endow_v with_o organ_n fit_v to_o receive_v those_o subtle_a steam_n second_o a_o second_o and_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o several_a person_n shall_v have_v such_o peculiar_a temperament_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v
observe_v upon_o coal-mine_n and_o i_o remember_v that_o a_o acquaintance_n of_o i_o show_v i_o a_o piece_n of_o land_n which_o be_v so_o powerful_o penetrate_v with_o warm_a effluvia_fw-la that_o snow_n will_v not_o lie_v upon_o it_o above_o two_o day_n be_v the_o wether_n never_o so_o cold_a which_o have_v be_v confirm_v by_o frequent_a observation_n except_o where_o layer_n of_o rock_n or_o some_o other_o stony_a concretes_n obstruct_v the_o passage_n of_o those_o mineral_n steam_n to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o the_o steam_n near_o gold-mine_n be_v so_o copious_a in_o hungary_n as_o to_o give_v the_o leau_n of_o the_o tree_n a_o golden-colour_n but_o notwithstane_v these_o instance_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o doubt_v that_o there_o be_v several_a part_n of_o the_o three_o region_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o remoteness_n from_o such_o subterraneal_a fire_n have_v not_o that_o heat_n but_o since_o these_o thing_n be_v but_o uncertain_o guess_v at_o none_o have_v so_o great_a curiosity_n as_o to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n to_o dig_v deep_a enough_o without_o prospect_n of_o gain_n i_o shall_v rather_o proceed_v to_o consider_v that_o proceed_v whence_o the_o unusual_a heat_n in_o some_o mine_n proceed_v beside_o the_o forementioned_a cause_n there_o be_v in_o some_o mine_n such_o a_o degree_n of_o heat_n as_o can_v be_v account_v for_o without_o another_o cause_n the_o incalescence_n be_v so_o great_a as_o not_o to_o be_v produce_v without_o the_o concourse_n of_o some_o other_o mineral-steams_n or_o water_n to_o work_v upon_o and_o promote_v the_o mutual_a action_n and_o operation_n of_o the_o volatile_a and_o active_a part_n of_o those_o mine_n and_o that_o such_o incalescenses_n may_v be_v produce_v in_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o have_v elsewhere_o observe_v and_o further_o that_o immature_n mineral_n such_o as_o marchasite_n who_o part_n be_v impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n and_o sulphureous_a part_n may_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o aptness_n to_o be_v dissolve_v be_v able_a to_o cause_v such_o effect_n we_o may_v be_v induce_v to_o believe_v because_o vitriol_n have_v not_o only_o be_v find_v in_o several_a mine_n in_o hungary_n but_o likewise_o such_o strong_a and_o corrosive_a effluvium_n as_o be_v very_o offensive_a to_o respiration_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n fatal_a to_o those_o that_o venture_v to_o work_v in_o they_o and_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n further_o remarkable_a that_o several_a piece_n of_o vitriol_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o some_o of_o those_o mine_n of_o a_o soft_a consistence_n present_o when_o bring_v up_o and_o expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n grow_v hard_o retain_v several_a golden_a streak_n in_o it_o but_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n here_o to_o be_v note_v which_o be_v that_o in_o grove_n which_o be_v very_o deep_a the_o air_n be_v so_o unfit_a for_o respiration_n as_o to_o want_v a_o frequent_a ventilation_n so_o that_o the_o miner_n be_v wont_a to_o sink_v a_o air-shaft_n as_o they_o term_v it_o some_o pace_n off_o the_o grove_n that_o the_o air_n pass_v from_o the_o grove_n to_o that_o by_o a_o short_a of_o channel_n or_o ventiduct_n which_o agricola_n lib._n v._n and_o vi_fw-la de_fw-mi re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la call_v cuniculus_fw-la may_v keep_v the_o internal_a air_n in_o such_o a_o temper_n as_o to_o make_v it_o fit_a to_o breathe_v in_o though_o the_o mine_n be_v 200_o yard_n deep_a and_o agricola_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la give_v further_a the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o air_n in_o these_o cuniculi_fw-la or_o air-shaft_n in_o these_o word_n aer_fw-la autem_fw-la exterior_a se_fw-la suâ_fw-la sponte_fw-la fundit_fw-la in_o cava_fw-la terrae_fw-la atque_fw-la cum_fw-la per_fw-la ea_fw-la penetrare_fw-la potest_fw-la rursus_fw-la evolat_fw-la foras_fw-la sed_fw-la diversa_fw-la ratione_fw-la hoc_fw-la fieri_fw-la solet_fw-la etenim_fw-la vernis_fw-la &_o aestivis_fw-la diebus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la puteum_fw-la influit_fw-la &_o per_fw-la cuniculum_n vel_fw-la fossam_fw-la latentem_fw-la permeat_fw-la ac_fw-la ex_fw-la humiliori_fw-la effluit_fw-la similiter_fw-la iisdem_fw-la diebus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la cuniculum_n infunditur_fw-la ac_fw-la interjecto_fw-la puteo_fw-la defluit_fw-la in_o humiliorem_fw-la cuniculum_n atque_fw-la ex_fw-la eo_fw-la emanat_fw-la autumnali_fw-la &_o hyberno_fw-la tempore_fw-la contra_fw-la in_o cuniculum_n vel_fw-la puteum_fw-la humiliorem_fw-la intrat_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la altiori_fw-la exit_fw-la verum_fw-la ea_fw-la fluxionum_fw-la aeris_fw-la mutatio_fw-la in_o temperatis_fw-la regionibus_fw-la fit_a in_fw-la initio_fw-la veris_fw-la ac_fw-la in_o sine_fw-la autumni_fw-la in_fw-la frigidis_fw-la autem_fw-la in_o fine_a veris_fw-la &_o in_o initio_fw-la autumni_fw-la to_o which_o he_o add_v sed_fw-la aer_fw-la utroque_fw-la tempore_fw-la antequam_fw-la cursum_fw-la suum_fw-la illum_fw-la consuetum_fw-la constant_a teneat_fw-la plerumque_fw-la quatuordecem_fw-la dierum_fw-la spatio_fw-la crebras_fw-la habet_fw-la mutationes_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la puteum_fw-la vel_fw-la cuniculum_n influens_fw-la modo_fw-la in_o humiliorem_fw-la and_o these_o thing_n may_v give_v we_o some_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o earth_n several_a periodical_a change_n in_o the_o temperature_n of_o those_o region_n which_o deserve_v our_o consideration_n but_o have_v several_a time_n inquire_v about_o these_o thing_n i_o be_o inform_v that_o the_o air_n general_o go_v in_o the_o same_o way_n both_o winter_n and_o summer_n enter_v the_o air-shaft_n and_o come_v out_o of_o the_o perpendicular_a grove_n but_o to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o may_v appear_v that_o though_o in_o some_o mine_n the_o earth_n seem_v to_o be_v distinguish_v into_o three_o rgion_n yet_o general_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v various_a and_o uncertain_a and_o much_o more_o uncertain_a be_v it_o what_o be_v the_o constitution_n of_o the_o central_n part_v of_o it_o and_o whether_o that_o be_v divide_v into_o distinct_a region_n or_o what_o be_v the_o state_n and_o texture_n as_o well_o as_o consistency_n of_o its_o part_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o be_v ignorant_a of_o since_o one_o of_o the_o deep_a mine_n we_o have_v hear_v of_o be_v mention_v by_o agricola_n in_o his_o book_n call_v bormannus_n cap._n 12._o be_v at_o cotteberg_n which_o exceed_v not_o 500_o fathom_n and_o if_o according_a to_o gassendus_fw-la the_o semi-diameter_n of_o our_o globe_n be_v 4177_o italian_a mile_n what_o a_o superficial_a knowledge_n must_v we_o have_v of_o it_o who_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v our_o observation_n above_o 500_o fathom_n and_o that_o too_o in_o but_o a_o small_a part_n of_o its_o orb._n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o temperature_n of_o the_o submarine_n region_n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold._n the_o follow_a chapter_n relate_v to_o the_o temper_n of_o submarine_n region_n i_o will_v be_v suppose_v to_o mean_v by_o that_o term_n not_o such_o as_o be_v beneath_o the_o whole_a ocean_n but_o only_o such_o as_o be_v beneath_o its_o superficies_n concern_v which_o i_o shall_v not_o relate_v what_o follow_v as_o upon_o my_o own_o observation_n but_o only_o as_o receive_v by_o information_n from_o other_o who_o have_v dive_v into_o they_o two_o submarine_n region_n two_o and_o first_o i_o shall_v only_o assign_v to_o this_o element_n two_o region_n the_o one_o bound_v by_o the_o utmost_a penetration_n of_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o other_o calorifick_a cause_n the_o other_o extend_v itself_o to_o the_o utmost_a depth_n of_o the_o water_n uppermost_a the_o temperature_n of_o the_o uppermost_a according_a to_o which_o division_n it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o upper_a region_n must_v vary_v in_o its_o extent_n according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o climate_n and_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n suppose_v the_o warmth_n of_o it_o not_o to_o proceed_v from_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la and_o not_o only_o in_o the_o extent_n but_o the_o temperature_n of_o that_o region_n which_o may_v not_o only_o be_v vary_v by_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n but_o also_o by_o the_o different_a nature_n of_o the_o soil_n about_o the_o shore_n be_v either_o nitrous_a or_o marchasitical_a as_o also_o by_o the_o shallowness_n of_o the_o water_n which_o may_v contribute_v to_o the_o warmness_n of_o it_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v refract_v by_o the_o subjacent_a sand_n to_o which_o cause_n may_v be_v add_v the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n a_o observation_n favour_v which_o have_v be_v make_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr pont_n in_o his_o voyage_n to_o new_a france_n in_o the_o way_n to_o which_o he_o observe_v that_o in_o one_o place_v the_o water_n be_v very_o warm_a as_o well_o as_o the_o wine_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o boat_n though_o there_o be_v no_o sensible_a alteration_n in_o the_o air_n and_o that_o this_o continue_v for_o three_o day_n whereas_o on_o the_o 21_o r_v of_o the_o same_o month_n it_o be_v for_o 2_o or_o 3_o day_n observe_v to_o be_v as_o cold_a region_n
thing_n which_o have_v not_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o hydrostatician_n which_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o sea-salt_n to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n which_o i_o have_v find_v to_o be_v almost_o as_o two_o to_o one_o and_o i_o likewise_o find_v that_o a_o piece_n of_o sal_fw-la gemm_n which_o be_v more_o pure_a and_o weighty_a than_o sea-salt_n be_v to_o its_o bulk_n of_o water_n about_o as_o 2_o 2_o 8_o to_o 1._o chap._n viii_o memoirs_fw-fr for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n the_o use_n of_o mineral_n water_n be_v so_o universal_a and_o the_o method_n which_o some_o physician_n take_v to_o try_v they_o so_o slight_a that_o though_o i_o be_o satisfy_v it_o be_v difficult_a without_o experience_n to_o ascribe_v virtue_n to_o they_o à _fw-la priori_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a variety_n of_o mineral_n which_o may_v impregnate_n they_o with_o particle_n of_o various_a and_o very_a different_a nature_n i_o can_v but_o think_v but_o that_o if_o we_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o quaeres_fw-la and_o several_a method_n in_o order_n to_o a_o discovery_n of_o they_o more_o nice_a trial_n may_v much_o contribute_v to_o the_o clear_n up_o of_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n since_o by_o a_o competent_a number_n of_o experiment_n it_o may_v be_v hope_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o those_o metalline_a salt_n with_o which_o mineral_n water_n be_v impregnate_v may_v be_v discover_v wherefore_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o such_o sort_n of_o experiment_n that_o may_v be_v most_o easy_o try_v viz._n chief_o chemical_a one_o which_o may_v be_v make_v at_o home_n without_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o attend_v those_o mineral_n fountain_n from_o whence_o they_o spring_v and_o because_o my_o design_n be_v rather_o to_o improve_v physic_n by_o the_o follow_a observation_n than_o to_o entertain_v speculative_a naturalist_n i_o have_v chief_o make_v it_o my_o business_n in_o the_o follow_a paper_n to_o consider_v those_o water_n call_v acidulae_n rather_o than_o the_o other_o term_v thermae_n because_o the_o former_a be_v of_o more_o general_a use_n water_n the_o danger_n of_o a_o ill_a use_n of_o mineral_n water_n but_o perhaps_o some_o may_v think_v that_o the_o quares_n hereafter_o propound_v may_v be_v too_o troublesome_a and_o more_o than_o requisite_a since_o the_o use_v of_o mineneral_a water_n be_v think_v so_o innocent_a as_o to_o be_v of_o no_o ill_a consequence_n if_o unsuccesful_a to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o though_o when_o skilful_o give_v they_o do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o good_a yet_o they_o be_v as_o prejudicial_a if_o unskilful_o prescribe_v and_o therefore_o since_o there_o can_v be_v too_o much_o caution_n we_o can_v be_v too_o inquisitive_a to_o inform_v ourselves_o of_o their_o virtue_n for_o there_o may_v be_v a_o great_a many_o hide_a quality_n in_o they_o and_o they_o may_v be_v impregnate_v with_o several_a metalline_a property_n which_o may_v not_o be_v discover_v to_o the_o eye_n or_o by_o common_a trial_n beside_o be_v such_o experiment_n industrious_o prosecute_v they_o may_v help_v to_o discover_v several_a other_o quality_n in_o mineral_n water_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o unknown_a for_o from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o earth_n which_o abound_v with_o mineral_n of_o a_o martial_a nature_n may_v be_v more_o apt_a to_o impregnate_n subterraneal_a water_n than_o we_o can_v otherwise_o imagine_v for_o upon_o pour_v of_o a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n filtrate_v through_o cap-paper_n upon_o file_n of_o steel_n gall_n the_o effect_n of_o file_n of_o steel_n in_o a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n the_o liquor_n in_o half_a a_o hour_n become_v opacous_a and_o almost_o as_o black_a as_o ink_n the_o like_a phaenomena_n to_o which_o be_v exhibit_v by_o steel_n in_o a_o infusion_n of_o brasil_n or_o log-wood_n make_v in_o common_a water_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v that_o several_a water_n have_v be_v discover_v under_o ground_n of_o very_o different_a taste_n some_o of_o which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v corrosive_a and_o other_o as_o harmless_a be_v endow_v with_o several_a medicinal_a and_o useful_a quality_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v more_o particular_o of_o one_o which_o be_v a_o mine_n of_o coral_n in_o devonshire_n about_o 360_o foot_n deep_a in_o which_o be_v find_v a_o water_n very_o thick_a and_o red_a yet_o cool_a and_o diuretic_n and_o not_o in_o the_o least_o nauseous_a to_o the_o taste_n chap._n ix_o title_n propose_v for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n consider_v whilst_o in_o their_o proper_a channel_n water_n query_n in_o order_n to_o a_o discovery_n of_o the_o virtue_n of_o mineral_n water_n in_o order_n to_o a_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_n in_o three_o different_a capacity_n first_o as_o they_o be_v find_v in_o their_o natural_a receptacle_n second_o when_o draw_v up_o for_o use_n and_o three_o with_o respect_n to_o their_o effect_n on_o human_a body_n to_o the_o first_o of_o which_o head_n the_o follow_a quaeres_fw-la may_v be_v refer_v 1._o within_o the_o precinct_n of_o what_o climate_n or_o parallel_n and_o in_o what_o degree_n of_o latitude_n the_o mineral_n water_n be_v to_o be_v find_v 2._o to_o what_o point_n these_o water_n lie_v open_v most_o in_o their_o receptacle_n 3._o whether_o the_o ground_n in_o which_o they_o be_v find_v be_v a_o plain_a or_o how_o much_o it_o differ_v from_o a_o plain_a 4._o if_o the_o ground_n be_v upon_o a_o ascent_n how_o far_o they_o be_v from_o the_o botttom_n of_o that_o ascent_n 5._o whether_o a_o recrementitious_a substance_n adhere_v to_o stone_n long_o contiguous_a to_o these_o water_n 6._o whether_o subterraneal_a fire_n be_v near_o such_o water_n and_o what_o phaenomena_n such_o exhibit_v 7._o whether_o brimstone_n or_o salarmoniack_a etc._n etc._n be_v find_v about_o the_o vent_v of_o such_o subterraneal_a fire_n 8._o whether_o instead_o of_o subterraneal_a fire_n there_o be_v other_o adjacent_a aestuary_n and_o whether_o such_o be_v constant_a or_o intermit_a and_o if_o so_o whether_o periodical_a or_o irregular_a 9_o whether_o mineral_n fume_n of_o particular_a colour_n or_o smell_v arise_v from_o such_o aestuary_n 10._o of_o what_o temper_n the_o neighbour_a as_o well_o as_o the_o soil_n they_o pass_v through_o be_v of_o 11._o whether_o and_o of_o what_o nature_n those_o mineral_n be_v of_o which_o they_o pass_v through_o 12._o whether_o the_o mineral_n water_n be_v original_o fresh_a and_o derive_v their_o virtue_n from_o the_o soil_n they_o afterward_o pass_v through_o 13._o whether_o if_o it_o acquire_v its_o virtue_n so_o there_o be_v upon_o the_o impregnation_n any_o effervescence_n or_o whether_o any_o such_o effect_v succeed_v its_o mixture_n with_o another_o liquor_n 14._o whether_o there_o be_v a_o spring_n of_o a_o contrary_a nature_n near_o it_o viz._n as_o to_o heat_n and_o cold_a as_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o france_n 15._o whether_o a_o oily_a or_o bituminous_a inflammable_a substance_n float_v in_o it_o 16._o whether_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n or_o temperature_n of_o the_o wether_n alter_v they_o and_o what_o quality_n they_o lose_v or_o acquire_v by_o such_o for_o after_o rain_n i_o have_v observe_v such_o water_n incapable_a of_o turn_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n black_a but_o as_o to_o its_o medicinal_a virtue_n i_o have_v find_v that_o rain_n after_o long_a drought_n have_v rather_o increase_v than_o diminish_v their_o strength_n by_o dissolve_v and_o dilute_v those_o salt_n which_o be_v fix_v in_o the_o earth_n for_o want_v of_o a_o vehicle_n but_o if_o the_o water_n be_v weak_a and_o the_o rain_n much_o those_o salt_n be_v the_o more_o dilute_v render_v the_o water_n less_o effectual_a 17._o whether_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o water_n may_v be_v chemical_o and_o mechanical_o discover_v as_o also_o of_o what_o colour_n and_o weight_n and_o with_o what_o menstruum_v their_o salt_n may_v be_v mix_v and_o likewise_o what_o substance_n they_o will_v yield_v when_o expose_v to_o different_a degree_n of_o fire_n and_o what_o other_o chemical_a trial_n those_o as_o well_o as_o the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n may_v undergo_v chap._n x._o contain_v title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o mineral_n water_n when_o draw_v out_o of_o their_o receptacle_n qeaery_n a_o continuation_n of_o qeaery_n 1._o whether_o the_o mineral_n water_n propose_v be_v actual_o hot_a or_o cold_a from_o whence_o we_o may_v judge_v from_o what_o depth_n those_o water_n rose_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v impregnate_v with_o a_o salt-peter_n or_o salarmoniack_a in_o their_o ascent_n and_o the_o several_a degree_n of_o heat_n or_o cold_a may_v be_v either_o try_v by_o immerge_v a_o thermoscope_n or_o by_o try_v whether_o they_o will_v coagulate_v oil_n of_o aniseed_n or_o melt_v butter_n 2._o of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n which_o be_v
small_a part_n and_o raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n by_o heat_n yet_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v turn_v into_o air_n that_o in_o chemical_a distillation_n it_o fall_v down_o into_o the_o receiver_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o liquor_n and_o likewise_o volatile_a spirit_n and_o salt_n though_o their_o part_n swim_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o receiver_n for_o some_o time_n yet_o the_o former_a present_o condense_a into_o a_o liquor_n and_o the_o latter_a into_o salt_n and_o further_o it_o may_v again_o be_v urge_v that_o though_o the_o part_n of_o water_n may_v be_v put_v in_o such_o a_o agitation_n as_o in_o some_o measure_n to_o counterfeit_v the_o form_n of_o air_n yet_o since_o the_o quick_a coalition_n of_o those_o part_n into_o a_o fluid_a form_n argue_v the_o impossibility_n of_o give_v they_o a_o due_a texture_n requisite_a to_o add_v to_o air_n the_o springiness_n observable_a in_o it_o it_o be_v a_o strong_a argument_n against_o the_o possibility_n of_o effect_v 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account_v for_o by_o the_o mixture_n of_o corrosive_a steam_n mix_v with_o it_o which_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v endow_v with_o the_o true_a quality_n of_o air_n that_o they_o may_v notwithstanding_o they_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o air_n retain_v their_o own_o nature_n which_o be_v evident_a in_o sublime_v of_o sal_fw-la ammoniac_a and_o i_o have_v have_v a_o subtle_a saline_n body_n which_o will_v not_o only_o rise_v itself_o retain_v its_o own_o nature_n but_o will_v also_o raise_v the_o substance_n of_o gold_n along_o with_o it_o who_o part_n will_v also_o retain_v their_o own_o nature_n and_o stick_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n like_o pure_a gold_n i_o remember_v that_o once_o have_v tie_v a_o bladder_n to_o the_o neck_n of_o a_o aeolipile_n when_o the_o water_n be_v force_v out_o into_o it_o so_o as_o to_o distend_v it_o we_o slip_v it_o off_o and_o have_v tie_v it_o close_o put_v it_o into_o our_o receiver_n where_o we_o observe_v that_o upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o 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neck_n be_v immerse_v in_o water_n as_o soon_o as_o it_o begin_v to_o suck_v in_o water_n it_o will_v raise_v store_n of_o bubble_n which_o seem_v to_o proceed_v from_o water_n too_o much_o expanded_a by_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o aeolipile_n and_o if_o when_o that_o aeolipile_n be_v almost_o full_a of_o water_n a_o live_a coal_n be_v hold_v before_o the_o neck_n it_o will_v manifest_o be_v kindle_v by_o very_o vehement_a steam_n which_o flow_v out_o of_o it_o which_o will_v have_v the_o more_o powerful_a effect_n the_o near_a the_o coal_n be_v hold_v to_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o aeolipile_n but_o since_o by_o hold_v a_o knife_n before_o these_o steam_n they_o will_v be_v condense_v upon_o it_o into_o water_n and_o thence_o appear_v not_o so_o much_o to_o have_v acquire_v the_o nature_n of_o air_n as_o to_o have_v their_o part_n put_v into_o a_o violent_a motion_n i_o shall_v add_v a_o relation_n from_o the_o industrious_a kircher_n of_o a_o famous_a hudraulick_n engine_n 15_o see_v figure_n the_o 15_o which_o he_o make_v by_o the_o order_n of_o innocent_a the_o ten_o the_o account_n of_o it_o in_o his_o own_o word_n be_v the_o follow_v cum_fw-la eodem_fw-la tempore_fw-la quo_fw-la haec_fw-la scripsi_fw-la summi_fw-la pont._n innocentii_fw-la x._o mandato_n organi_fw-la hydraulici_fw-la in_o horto_fw-la quirinali_fw-la constituendi_fw-la cura_fw-la mihi_fw-la commendata_fw-la esset_fw-la aeoliam_fw-la cameram_fw-la insigni_fw-la sane_fw-la successu_fw-la construi_fw-la jussimus_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la sequitur_fw-la ratione_fw-la erat_fw-la longitudo_fw-la seu_fw-la altitudo_fw-la camerae_fw-la a_o h_n quinque_fw-la pedum_n latitudine_fw-la tres_fw-la fere_n ex_fw-la lateribus_fw-la constructa_fw-la in_fw-la medio_fw-la duo_fw-la continebat_fw-la diaphragmata_fw-la c_o d_o &_o e_o f_o in_o modum_fw-la cribri_fw-la pluribus_fw-la foraminibus_fw-la pertusi_fw-la paulò_fw-la infrà _fw-la canalis_fw-la g_o aquam_fw-la advehens_fw-la inserebatur_fw-la in_fw-la h_n 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contortum_fw-la vasi_n s_n aliquantulum_fw-la capaciori_fw-la in_o modum_fw-la vrnae_fw-la efformato_fw-la insertum_fw-la intra_fw-la urnam_fw-la enim_fw-la plumbeam_fw-la &_o canalem_fw-la tortuosum_fw-la illisus_fw-la aer_fw-la humidus_fw-la ita_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la aquositate_fw-la defaecabatur_fw-la ut_fw-la ex_fw-la furno_n in_fw-la organum_fw-la derivatus_fw-la dici_fw-la potuerit_fw-la urna_fw-la s_n canalis_fw-la tortuosi_fw-la q_o r_n ultimum_fw-la orificium_fw-la z_o inseritur_fw-la anemothaecae_fw-la organi_fw-la et_fw-la hunc_fw-la modum_fw-la organis_fw-la hydraulicis_fw-la omnium_fw-la aptissimum_fw-la reperi_fw-la and_o i_o rather_o cite_v this_o account_n because_o it_o be_v deliver_v as_o kircher_n own_o observation_n and_o have_v i_o when_o i_o be_v at_o rome_n take_v notice_n of_o these_o engine_n and_o find_v that_o the_o effluviae_n which_o blow_v the_o organ_n be_v not_o again_o condense_v into_o water_n i_o shall_v be_v apt_a to_o believe_v it_o not_o impossible_a to_o turn_v water_n into_o air_n it_o be_v altogether_o impossible_a that_o the_o air_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n shall_v supply_v so_o large_a a_o quantity_n of_o air_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o blow_v the_o organ_n i_o therefore_o be_v induce_v to_o think_v that_o it_o may_v proceed_v from_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n put_v into_o a_o very_a brisk_a motion_n since_o i_o have_v observe_v as_o i_o pass_v betwixt_o lion_n and_o geneva_n that_o the_o river_n of_o rhone_n be_v on_o a_o sudden_a straighten_a betwixt_o two_o rock_n which_o be_v so_o near_o that_o a_o man_n may_v stand_v with_o one_o foot_n upon_o one_o and_o the_o other_o foot_n upon_o the_o other_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v put_v into_o so_o violent_a a_o motion_n as_o to_o be_v raise_v into_o the_o air_n a_o considerable_a height_n and_o at_o a_o distance_n to_o appear_v like_o a_o mist_n though_o i_o must_v confess_v it_o difficult_a to_o conceive_v how_o such_o vapour_n shall_v pass_v through_o a_o leaden_a pipe_n of_o such_o a_o length_n since_o we_o see_v that_o vapour_n be_v condense_v into_o liquids_n in_o a_o much_o less_o time_n in_o the_o head_n of_o alembic_n and_o the_o neck_n of_o aeolipile_n when_o once_o the_o motion_n of_o their_o
part_n be_v check_v by_o cold._n but_o leave_v this_o plausible_a though_o not_o satisfactory_a experiment_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o another_o which_o be_v this_o have_v fill_v a_o glass_n bubble_n capable_a of_o contain_v about_o three_o ounce_n with_o near_a equal_a part_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n and_o water_n half_o a_o dozen_o iron_n nail_n be_v cast_v into_o it_o we_o stop_v the_o cylindrical_a neck_n of_o the_o tube_n with_o diapalma_n so_o close_o as_o to_o exclude_v the_o air_n altogether_o which_o be_v do_v we_o immerse_v the_o neck_n of_o this_o bubble_n into_o a_o glass_n vessel_n full_a of_o the_o same_o liquor_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n perceive_v bubble_n to_o rise_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v raise_v by_o the_o heat_n produce_v by_o the_o action_n of_o the_o oil_n upon_o the_o nail_n and_o this_o air_n be_v so_o much_o increase_v in_o a_o little_a time_n as_o to_o depress_v the_o water_n quite_o out_o of_o the_o bubble_n into_o the_o cylindrical_a neck_n 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into_o each_o other_o may_v further_o be_v urge_v as_o nothing_o but_o what_o the_o aristotelian_o teach_v and_o allow_v of_o but_o we_o shall_v rather_o urge_v that_o if_o what_o democritus_n lucippus_n and_o epicurus_n together_o with_o other_o naturalist_n teach_v be_v allow_v of_o viz._n that_o the_o quality_n of_o body_n depend_v on_o the_o different_a figure_n shape_v and_o texture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n they_o consist_v of_o it_o will_v be_v reasonable_a enough_o to_o think_v that_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o part_n of_o water_n be_v alter_v they_o may_v acquire_v the_o several_a quality_n of_o air_n since_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o part_n of_o matter_n may_v by_o a_o lucky_a concourse_n of_o cause_n become_v springy_a so_o silver_n by_o be_v beat_v with_o a_o hammer_n acquire_v springiness_n which_o it_o lose_v by_o be_v heat_v in_o the_o fire_n and_o become_v flexible_a experiment_n xxiii_o prosecute_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o former_a experiment_n prosecute_v in_o prosecution_n of_o what_o be_v deliver_v in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n we_o fill_v a_o glass_n call_v a_o philosophical_a egg_n with_o common_a water_n about_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a high_a it_o be_v large_a enough_o to_o contain_v about_o nine_o ounce_n and_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o neck_n be_v at_o the_o top_n half_o a_o inch_n and_o at_o the_o bottom_n a_o inch_n this_o be_v put_v into_o the_o receiver_n and_o the_o pump_n ply_v when_o the_o air_n be_v pretty_a well_o exhaust_v several_a bubble_n rise_v to_o the_o top_n and_o break_v but_o all_o of_o they_o find_v a_o easy_a passage_n through_o the_o water_n do_v not_o elevate_v it_o as_o when_o they_o ascend_v in_o a_o narrow_a cylinder_n but_o upon_o a_o admission_n of_o air_n into_o the_o receiver_n again_o the_o water_n be_v sensible_o depress_v to_o try_v whether_o distil_a water_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o expand_v than_o common_a water_n i_o put_v two_o ounce_n of_o it_o into_o a_o glass_n bubble_n which_o wrought_v to_o the_o middle_a of_o its_o neck_n but_o it_o neither_o swell_v nor_o yield_v bubble_n upon_o a_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air._n but_o have_v put_v distil_v water_n into_o two_o distinct_a philosophical_a egg_n the_o neck_n of_o the_o former_a being_n straighten_a with_o a_o glass_n tube_n we_o place_v they_o in_o the_o receiver_n and_o find_v a_o manifest_a difference_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n for_o in_o that_o which_o be_v straighten_a the_o air_n manifest_o elevate_a the_o water_n several_a bubble_n be_v gather_v about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n tube_n whereas_o in_o the_o other_o egg_n the_o water_n be_v not_o in_o the_o least_o elevate_v and_o though_o the_o bubble_n in_o the_o last-mentioned_a disappear_v upon_o the_o re-ingress_n of_o the_o air_n those_o above_o the_o tube_n continue_v visible_a only_o a_o little_a contract_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v before_o elevate_v be_v depress_v low_a than_o when_o first_o put_v into_o the_o egg._n and_o after_o a_o day_n time_n have_v again_o ply_v the_o pump_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o bubble_n be_v so_o much_o draw_v out_o before_o that_o we_o can_v scarce_o discern_v a_o bubble_n in_o either_o but_o that_o in_o which_o the_o cylindrical_a tube_n be_v place_v swell_v the_o breadth_n of_o a_o barley_n corn_n though_o the_o other_o do_v not_o yet_o in_o the_o former_a upon_o a_o re-ingress_n of_o air_n it_o subside_v again_o and_o whether_o that_o swelling_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o rarefaction_n of_o the_o water_n or_o the_o spring_n of_o some_o latent_fw-la airy_a part_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v experiment_n xxiv_o liquor_n the_o former_a experiment_n prosecute_v with_o other_o liquor_n have_v put_v salad_n oil_n into_o a_o glass_n about_o the_o size_n of_o a_o turkey_n egg_n who_o stem_n be_v near_o â…“_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n the_o liquor_n reach_v up_o to_o the_o middle_a of_o the_o stem_n we_o place_v it_o in_o the_o receiver_n together_o with_o the_o like_a vessel_n fill_v to_o the_o same_o height_n with_o water_n and_o upon_o draw_v out_o the_o air_n the_o bubble_n be_v not_o only_o more_o copious_a than_o those_o of_o the_o water_n but_o rise_v much_o soon_o as_o well_o as_o long_o continue_v till_o the_o pumper_n be_v quite_o tire_v with_o pump_v and_o what_o be_v very_o remarkable_a in_o this_o experiment_n be_v that_o when_o the_o oil_n be_v put_v into_o the_o receiver_n before_o the_o receiver_n can_v be_v close_v and_o the_o pump_n put_v into_o action_n it_o subside_v near_o half_a a_o inch_n in_o the_o stem_n have_v put_v oil_n of_o turpentine_n into_o a_o glass_n bubble_n we_o observe_v that_o it_o afford_v a_o good_a quantity_n of_o bubble_n which_o expanded_a themselves_o in_o their_o ascent_n and_o will_v sometime_o raise_v the_o oil_n in_o the_o tube_n so_o much_o as_o to_o make_v it_o run_v over_o but_o beside_o the_o forego_n we_o try_v the_o 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of_o wine_n as_o raise_v it_o half_o a_o inch_n high_o and_o into_o a_o glass_n which_o differ_v from_o the_o former_a only_o in_o have_v a_o flat_a bottom_n we_o pour_v rectify_v spirit_n of_o wine_n till_o it_o rise_v to_o â…”_n of_o the_o neck_n and_o the_o edge_n of_o these_o three_o be_v mark_v we_o put_v they_o into_o a_o receiver_n upon_o the_o exsuction_n of_o the_o air_n the_o mixture_n of_o water_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n afford_v very_o few_o bubble_n the_o spirit_n of_o urinal_n swell_v near_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a above_o the_o mark_n afford_v store_n of_o bubble_n which_o form_v a_o froth_n upon_o which_o several_a large_a bubble_n lay_v which_o be_v place_v one_o above_o another_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o tube_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n afford_v bubble_n till_o we_o be_v weary_a
of_o pump_v which_o ascend_v very_o swift_o and_o immediate_o disappear_v at_o the_o top_n first_o lift_v up_o the_o surface_n of_o that_o spirituous_a liquor_n so_o as_o to_o form_v a_o thin_a film_n and_o it_o be_v further_o observable_a that_o the_o motion_n of_o these_o bubble_n in_o their_o ascent_n be_v in_o a_o strait_a line_n whereas_o those_o of_o the_o water_n and_o wine_n make_v a_o line_n which_o on_o each_o side_n appear_v like_o the_o tooth_n of_o a_o see_v and_o last_o in_o this_o spirit_n we_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o order_n which_o these_o bubble_n ascend_v in_o be_v in_o line_n parallel_v and_o of_o a_o equal_a distance_n from_o each_o other_o the_o bubble_n likewise_o follow_v each_o other_o in_o such_o a_o order_n as_o to_o form_v a_o sort_n of_o bracelet_n one_o end_n of_o which_o seem_v to_o rise_v from_o a_o certain_a point_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n when_o air_n return_v into_o the_o receiver_n the_o bubble_n on_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n gradual_o subside_v yet_o neither_o that_o nor_o the_o mixture_n of_o water_n and_o spirit_n be_v depress_v below_o the_o mark_n but_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n continue_v expanded_a near_o half_a a_o inch_n which_o i_o find_v to_o succeed_v upon_o several_a trial_n experiment_n xxv_o water_n concern_v the_o air_n be_v gravity_n and_o expansion_n under_o water_n have_v fill_v a_o wide-mouthed_a jar_n with_o about_o half_a a_o pint_n of_o common_a water_n we_o sink_v two_o glass-viol_n who_o shape_n and_o size_n be_v represent_v by_o the_o eight_o figure_n one_o of_o which_o contain_v just_a so_o much_o of_o a_o ponderous_n mercurial_a mixture_n as_o be_v requisite_a to_o sink_v it_o when_o cover_v with_o white_a wax_n the_o other_o be_v weigh_v down_o by_o water_n and_o the_o mouth_n be_v downward_o the_o quantity_n of_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o former_a fill_v three_o part_n of_o four_o of_o the_o glass_n the_o air_n contain_v in_o the_o latter_a be_v equal_a in_o dimension_n to_o a_o pea._n these_o be_v let_v down_o into_o the_o receiver_n upon_o ply_v the_o pump_n at_o the_o last_o so_o many_o bubble_n rise_v up_o to_o that_o which_o swim_v upon_o the_o water_n as_o be_v able_a by_o expand_v themselves_o to_o cause_v some_o of_o the_o water_n to_o fly_v out_o and_o make_v the_o viol_n emerge_n to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o water_n contain_v in_o the_o jar_n where_o at_o every_o exsuction_n it_o continue_v to_o expand_v till_o it_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v up_o the_o side_n of_o the_o viol_n and_o in_o part_n to_o evacuate_v itself_o upon_o which_o it_o present_o swim_v upon_o the_o water_n as_o before_o and_o eight_o time_n after_o discharge_v a_o bubble_n of_o air_n about_o the_o size_n of_o a_o pea_n but_o when_o we_o permit_v the_o air_n to_o enter_v in_o again_o it_o present_o subside_v to_o the_o bottom_n as_o for_o the_o other_o it_o continue_v at_o the_o bottom_n all_o the_o while_n but_o some_o time_n after_o the_o pump_n be_v ply_v it_o raise_v itself_o considerable_o but_o about_o sixty_o parcel_n of_o air_n as_o big_a as_o pea_n find_v vent_n and_o get_v out_o it_o present_o subside_v though_o upon_o a_o further_a expansion_n of_o the_o air_n it_o rise_v again_o and_o subside_v which_o successive_a ascent_n and_o descent_n it_o continue_v nine_o time_n after_o after_o the_o pump_n cease_v work_v but_o when_o the_o air_n be_v again_o let_v in_o it_o be_v present_o fix_v at_o the_o bottom_n from_o which_o experiment_n that_o hydrostatical_a rule_n that_o a_o body_n will_v swim_v in_o the_o water_n if_o it_o be_v light_a than_o its_o equal_a proportion_n in_o bulk_n will_v appear_v to_o be_v likewise_o true_a when_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v take_v off_o experiment_n xxvi_o pendulum_n concern_v the_o vibration_n of_o a_o pendulum_n it_o be_v usual_o teach_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o pendulum_n be_v something_o quick_a according_o as_o the_o medium_fw-la it_o move_v in_o be_v thin_a we_o suspend_v one_o which_o weigh_v about_o twenty_o drachm_n in_o our_o receiver_n fix_v it_o to_o the_o cover_n by_o a_o piece_n of_o silk_n and_o have_v fix_v another_o of_o a_o equal_a weight_n without_o the_o receiver_n we_o give_v they_o both_o a_o equal_a motion_n and_o observe_v that_o whilst_o the_o latter_a make_v twenty_o vibration_n the_o former_a count_v twenty_o but_o the_o pendulum_n be_v afterward_o put_v into_o motion_n in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n and_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o receiver_n before_o it_o be_v exhaust_v continue_v its_o vibration_n to_o a_o equal_a space_n of_o time_n in_o both_o so_o that_o from_o what_o we_o can_v observe_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o vibration_n in_o air_n and_o that_o more_o rarify_v medium_fw-la viz._n the_o exhaust_a receiver_n be_v scarce_o sensible_a experiment_n xxvii_o sound_n concern_v the_o propagation_n of_o sound_n it_o have_v be_v the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o school_n that_o the_o air_n be_v the_o medium_fw-la through_o which_o sound_n be_v convey_v but_o the_o industrious_a kircher_n have_v observe_v that_o if_o a_o bell_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o upper_a end_n of_o a_o tube_n and_o upon_o make_v the_o experiment_n de_fw-fr vacuo_fw-la be_v leave_v there_o a_o loadstone_n apply_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o tube_n will_v attract_v the_o steel-clapper_n which_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o that_o loadstone_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o bell_n and_o cause_v a_o audible_a sound_n he_o thence_o infer_v that_o the_o medium_fw-la through_o which_o sound_n be_v convey_v must_v be_v much_o more_o subtle_a than_o the_o air._n but_o to_o evince_v the_o contrary_a we_o suspend_v a_o watch_n in_o our_o receiver_n by_o a_o packthread_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o sound_n be_v not_o only_o audible_a at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o receiver_n but_o that_o that_o which_o be_v likewise_o perceive_v by_o the_o ear_n hold_v near_o the_o cover_n be_v different_a from_o that_o which_o we_o hear_v at_o the_o side_n of_o the_o receiver_n but_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o we_o can_v not_o perceive_v the_o least_o sound_n though_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o minute_n assure_v we_o that_o the_o pendulum_n continue_v its_o motion_n yet_o upon_o admit_v of_o air_n again_o into_o the_o receiver_n the_o sound_n be_v again_o renew_v which_o experiment_n seem_v to_o evince_v that_o the_o air_n be_v the_o chief_a medium_fw-la through_o which_o sound_n be_v convey_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o a_o little_a strange_a that_o so_o slight_a a_o stroke_n as_o that_o of_o the_o pendulum_n shall_v give_v such_o a_o impulse_n to_o the_o ambient_fw-la air_n as_o to_o enable_v it_o to_o communicate_v a_o motion_n to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o receiver_n strong_a enough_o to_o put_v the_o external_n air_n into_o a_o undulate_a motion_n but_o have_v support_v a_o bell_n in_o the_o middle_a of_o our_o receiver_n by_o a_o large_a stick_n which_o reach_v from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o bell_n be_v about_o two_o inch_n we_o observe_v that_o though_o the_o sound_v in_o the_o receiver_n be_v not_o equal_o as_o sharp_a as_o in_o the_o open_a air_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o considerable_a variation_n when_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o which_o evince_n that_o a_o subtle_a medium_fw-la than_o the_o air_n be_v not_o altogether_o incapable_a of_o propagate_a sound_n no_o more_o than_o air_n however_o in_o the_o forego_n experiment_n try_v with_o a_o bell_n suspend_v in_o a_o glass-tube_n it_o may_v not_o without_o reason_n be_v suspect_v that_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o tube_n be_v not_o whole_o void_a of_o air_n since_o experience_n inform_v we_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o fill_v the_o glass-cylind_a so_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o tube_n void_a of_o air_n since_o the_o airy_a part_n lodge_v in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o mercury_n fly_v up_o into_o it_o and_o further_o on_o this_o occasion_n to_o show_v how_o far_o the_o air_n be_v the_o principal_a medium_fw-la of_o sound_n we_o may_v allege_v that_o it_o be_v observable_a in_o a_o former_a experiment_n that_o though_o upon_o the_o strike_n of_o fire_n with_o the_o lock_n of_o a_o pistol_n in_o our_o receiver_n the_o sound_n be_v audible_a yet_o it_o be_v much_o more_o dead_a than_o when_o make_v in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o the_o like_a variation_n be_v observable_a in_o all_o other_o sound_v make_v in_o our_o receiver_n experiment_n xxviii_o air._n the_o eruption_n of_o bubble_n from_o water_n upon_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o air._n for_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o the_o xxth_z experiment_n viz._n that_o the_o air_n include_v in_o our_o receiver_n make_v as_o strong_a a_o pressure_n upon_o body_n encompass_v by_o it_o as_o if_o they_o be_v
part_n of_o sugar_n a_o four_o have_v 5_o part_n of_o water_n and_o one_o of_o sugar_n include_v with_o a_o apple_n cut_v in_o piece_n decemb._n 21._o in_o the_o first_o the_o sugar_n be_v not_o melt_v the_o mercury_n ascend_v a_o little_a in_o the_o second_o the_o sugar_n be_v melt_v and_o the_o apple_n shrivel_a they_o yield_v much_o air_n when_o first_o include_v in_o the_o receiver_n in_o the_o other_o two_o the_o mercury_n ascend_v a_o little_a in_o the_o three_o the_o piece_n of_o apple_n be_v corrupt_v very_o much_o for_o the_o skin_n be_v take_v off_o decemb._n 22._o air_n be_v produce_v in_o all_o the_o receiver_n but_o most_o in_o the_o second_o and_o three_o decemb._n 27._o in_o the_o 3_o first_o the_o mercury_n be_v 10_o digit_n high_a in_o the_o four_o 6._o decemb._n 31._o in_o the_o one_a and_o second_o it_o be_v 13._o in_o the_o 3d._n 15._o in_o the_o four_o 9_o jan_n 2._o 79._o in_o the_o one_a and_o second_o almost_o 14._o in_o the_o 3d._n 17._o in_o the_o four_o 11._o jan._n 7._o in_o the_o 2d_o it_o be_v 16._o in_o the_o 3d._n 36._o in_o the_o four_o 15._o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o first_o rise_v no_o high_o but_o the_o air_n make_v its_o escape_n when_o the_o screw_n be_v ease_v jan._n 9_o in_o the_o first_o it_o be_v 6_o inch_n high_a in_o the_o 2d_o 16._o in_o the_o 3d._n 39_o in_o the_o four_o 15._o jan._n 17._o in_o the_o one_a 13._o in_o the_o 2d_o 19_o in_o the_o 3d._n 56._o in_o the_o four_o 17._o jan._n 30._o in_o the_o 3d._n 76._o digit_n the_o liquor_n break_v out_o and_o therefore_o i_o open_v the_o receiver_n the_o fruit_n have_v communicate_v its_o taste_n which_o be_v pleasant_a to_o the_o water_n the_o mercury_n in_o the_o 2d_o be_v raise_v no_o high_o i_o open_v it_o and_o find_v that_o the_o first_o be_v better_a taste_v than_o the_o former_a and_o have_v communicate_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n it_o be_v taste_n to_o the_o ambient_fw-la sugar_n it_o be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o good_a syrup_n feb._n 16._o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o first_o receiver_n be_v 22._o in_o the_o four_o 33._o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v i_o find_v that_o the_o taste_n of_o the_o first_o be_v whole_o impart_v to_o the_o water_n have_v make_v it_o very_o pleasant_a feb._n 27._o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o first_o receiver_n be_v 30_o digit_n high_a march_n 15._o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v i_o find_v that_o though_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o apple_n be_v good_a yet_o the_o pulp_n be_v spongy_a and_o have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n lose_v its_o taste_n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o sugar_n do_v not_o preserve_v fruit_n so_o well_o as_o ferment_v liquor_n see_v exp._n vii_o experiment_n xviii_o decemb._n 23._o a_o glass_n vessel_n be_v full_a of_o milk_n receiver_n milk_n include_v in_o a_o receiver_n and_o stop_v with_o a_o screw_n be_v convey_v into_o one_o receiver_n and_o milk_n with_o a_o lark_n in_o it_o into_o another_o decemb._n 24._o in_o the_o evening_n the_o caseous_a and_o butyrous_a part_n be_v separate_v both_o in_o the_o milk_n in_o the_o receiver_n and_o in_o some_o of_o the_o same_o expose_v to_o the_o air._n decemb._n 27._o no_o air_n generate_v where_o the_o lark_n be_v the_o other_o gage_n be_v spoil_v decemb._n 31._o the_o mercury_n be_v raise_v in_o that_o which_o hold_v the_o lark_n 3_o day_n since_o milk_n that_o have_v all_o the_o while_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n stink_v jan._n 1._o 79._o the_o mercury_n be_v 10_o inch_n high_a where_o the_o lark_n be_v contain_v jan._n 2._o it_o be_v 14_o ½_n the_o milk_n below_o the_o butyrous_a part_n seem_v red_a jan._n 4._o it_o rise_v to_o 19_o digit_n white_a serum_n grow_v together_o in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o milk_n jan._n 9_o the_o mercury_n be_v 29_o digit_n high_a jan._n 25._o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v the_o lark_n smell_v strong_a but_o when_o bolled_a taste_v pleasant_a though_o it_o have_v be_v keep_v 32_o day_n in_o the_o other_o receiver_n the_o butyrous_a part_n be_v sour_a but_o the_o caseous_a part_n taste_v subacid_a from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o milk_n may_v preserve_v flesh_n experiment_n xix_o decemb._n 24._o 78._o a_o lark_n be_v put_v into_o a_o small_a receiver_n butter_n a_o lark_n with_o melt_v butter_n and_o the_o remain_v space_n fill_v up_o with_o melt_v butter_n decemb._n 27._o the_o mercury_n sink_v the_o butter_n grow_v yellow_a below_o white_a in_o the_o middle_a and_o fluid_n above_o jan._n 5._o 79._o the_o mercury_n gradual_o rise_v 9_o it_o be_v a_o little_a high_o 28._o it_o be_v alter_v but_o little_a the_o receiver_n be_v open_v the_o butter_n contiguous_a to_o the_o leather_n which_o line_v the_o cover_n be_v of_o a_o ungrateful_a taste_n and_o white_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o butter_n be_v yellow_a and_o rancid_a the_o lark_n be_v roast_v be_v pleasant_a to_o the_o palate_n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o butter_n when_o melt_v and_o hot_a do_v not_o preserve_v flesh_n so_o well_o as_o otherwise_o experiment_n xx._n jan._n 4._o 79._o a_o receiver_n be_v fill_v with_o boil_v flesh_n and_o broth_n whilst_o the_o screw_n be_v set_a broth._n boil_a flesh_n and_o broth._n they_o be_v so_o compress_v as_o to_o raise_v the_o mercury_n 6_o digit_n but_o it_o soon_o subside_v again_o jan._n 28._o the_o mercury_n have_v subside_v 8_o digit_n below_o its_o usual_a height_n the_o receiver_n be_v open_v we_o find_v the_o flesh_n sweet_a and_o pleasant_a the_o broth_n subacid_n and_o well_o taste_v this_o experiment_n teach_v that_o beef_n be_v keep_v in_o receiver_n as_o long_o as_o experience_n show_v that_o it_o may_v and_o then_o take_v out_o and_o boil_v and_o include_v again_o in_o receiver_n may_v be_v carry_v to_o sea_n without_o salt_v it_o which_o may_v be_v of_o no_o small_a use_n in_o help_v to_o preserve_v beef_n fresh_a in_o long_a voyage_n see_n exp._n xii_o experiment_n xxi_o jan._n 30._o 79._o cloves_n raw_a flesh_n with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n raw_a flesh_n be_v include_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n in_o one_o receiver_n and_o in_o another_o by_o itself_o feb._n 11._o in_o the_o first_o the_o mercury_n be_v 3_o digit_n high_a in_o the_o second_o almost_o 1_o ½_n feb._n 12._o in_o the_o first_o 4_o ½_n in_o the_o second_o 1_o ½_n feb._n 13._o in_o the_o first_o 6_o ✚_o in_o the_o second_o 3._o the_o flesh_n of_o the_o first_o be_v boil_v be_v tender_a and_o pleasant_a feb._n 14._o in_o the_o second_o 5_o 19_o in_o the_o second_o 6_o 20_o in_o the_o second_o 11._o the_o flesh_n be_v boil_v be_v tender_a and_o good_a though_o it_o be_v keep_v in_o b._n mariae_fw-la but_o 5_o hour_n some_o of_o it_o before_o it_o be_v boil_v be_v put_v into_o a_o receiver_n free_a from_o air._n feb._n 28._o the_o ascent_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v small_a march_n 20._o the_o mercury_n be_v 16_o digit_n high_a the_o flesh_n be_v take_v out_o taste_v pleasant_a but_o be_v incline_v to_o corruption_n experiment_n xxii_o feb._n 10._o raw_a beef_n season_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n be_v put_v into_o one_o receiver_n in_o another_o it_o be_v enclose_v with_o salt_n in_o a_o three_o alone_a feb._n 19_o in_o the_o one_a and_o 3d._n the_o mercury_n ascend_v in_o the_o 2d_o it_o do_v not_o feb._n 21._o in_o the_o one_a it_o be_v 4_o ½_n in_o the_o 3d._n 10_o in_o the_o 2d_o 0._o 25_o in_o the_o one_a it_o be_v 6_o in_o the_o 3d._n 19_o in_o the_o second_o ½_n 26._o no_o ascent_n the_o three_o be_v open_v and_o the_o flesh_n boil_v it_o taste_v well_o in_o the_o former_a experiment_n spice_n seem_v to_o hinder_v but_o here_o they_o promote_v the_o generation_n of_o the_o air_n so_o that_o i_o be_o incline_v to_o think_v that_o the_o difference_n in_o these_o two_o experiment_n depend_v on_o this_o viz._n that_o in_o the_o former_a the_o ingredient_n be_v shut_v up_o so_o close_a that_o there_o be_v no_o room_n for_o air_n to_o be_v generate_v in_o march_n 9_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o one_a be_v 8_o digit_n in_o the_o 2d_o none_o 12._o in_o the_o one_a it_o be_v 12_o in_o the_o 2d_o 1._o april_n 3_o in_o the_o one_a it_o be_v 11_o in_o the_o 2d_o 1._o april_n 3_o in_o the_o one_a it_o be_v 11_o in_o the_o 2d_o 1._o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v and_o the_o flesh_n boil_v it_o be_v sweet_a and_o tender_a from_o this_o experiment_n we_o may_v infer_v that_o salt_n hinder_v the_o generation_n of_o air._n less_o air_n be_v generate_v in_o the_o second_o receiver_n because_o it_o be_v more_o exact_o fill_v to_o preserve_v flesh_n without_o salt_n the_o air_n must_v be_v keep_v out_o and_o likewise_o there_o must_v be_v a_o great_a compression_n in_o the_o receiver_n of_o what_o use_n these_o
experiment_n may_v be_v for_o to_o help_v mariner_n to_o transport_v fresh_a meat_n and_o fruit_n the_o reader_n may_v judge_v article_n xviii_o experiment_n concern_v elixation_n and_o distillation_n in_o vacuo_fw-la experiment_n i._n dec._n 12._o 78._o vacuo_fw-la beef_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o reciver_n large_a enough_o to_o contain_v 22_o ounce_n of_o water_n have_v 2_o ounce_n and_o 6_o drachm_n of_o beef_n in_o it_o be_v immerse_v 3_o hour_n in_o boil_a water_n and_o then_o lest_o to_o cool_v all_o night_n i_o find_v by_o the_o help_n of_o our_o pneumatick_a engine_n that_o the_o air_n form_v in_o the_o receiver_n be_v not_o able_a to_o hold_v up_o 3_o digit_n of_o mercury_n so_o that_o by_o deduct_v from_o the_o calculation_n one_o may_v learn_v that_o flesh_n whilst_o boil_v can_v generate_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o air_n to_o cause_v a_o entire_a pressure_n in_o a_o receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o hold_v a_o double_a weight_n of_o water_n that_o be_v a_o pound_n of_o flesh_n shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n capable_a of_o contain_v 2_o ounce_n of_o water_n will_v not_o yield_v air_n enough_o to_o sever_v the_o receiver_n from_o the_o cover_n without_o the_o help_n of_o heat_n experiment_n ii_o dec._n 23._o three_o ounce_n of_o beef_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n large_a enough_o to_o contain_v 32_o ounce_n of_o water_n when_o it_o have_v boil_v long_o separate_v the_o receiver_n from_o the_o cover_n so_o that_o vapour_n get_v out_o the_o receiver_n be_v close_o again_o it_o be_v a_o good_a while_n before_o the_o cover_n and_o it_o be_v sever_v a_o second_o time_n if_o the_o fire_n be_v strong_a enough_o sweet_a exhalation_n continual_o make_v their_o way_n out_o dec._n 24._o the_o receiver_n be_v cool_a be_v almost_o whole_o evacuate_v by_o the_o pneumatick_a engine_n so_o that_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o receiver_n and_o its_o cover_n be_v not_o separate_v by_o air_n which_o be_v able_a to_o continue_v in_o that_o form_n but_o by_o violent_a exhalation_n which_o when_o resist_v fall_v back_o and_o condense_a in_o the_o receiver_n so_o that_o if_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o too_o violent_a the_o avolition_n of_o those_o steam_n may_v easy_o be_v prevent_v experiment_n iii_o jan._n 21._o 79._o vacuo_fw-la paste_n without_o leaven_n in_o vacuo_fw-la pass_v without_o leaven_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la and_o in_o another_o receiver_n with_o common_a air_n and_o both_o of_o these_o shut_v up_o with_o a_o screw_n in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la i_o leave_v they_o there_o 3_o hour_n and_o then_o after_o they_o have_v be_v expose_v to_o a_o moderate_a fire_n i_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v open_v the_o paste_n in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v red_a on_o its_o superficies_n the_o other_o be_v not_o boil_v enough_o therefore_o both_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o b._n m._n all_o night_n jan._n 22._o the_o paste_n be_v take_v out_o be_v sufficient_o boil_v but_o have_v no_o crust_n that_o in_o vacuo_fw-la be_v full_a of_o cavity_n and_o insipid_a the_o other_o be_v well_o taste_v and_o of_o a_o close_a body_n both_o receiver_n be_v void_a of_o air._n experiment_n iu._n feb._n 3._o 79._o when_o leaven_v paste_n have_v fill_v a_o receiver_n full_a of_o air_n it_o be_v remove_v into_o another_o upon_o which_o it_o stink_v yet_o when_o it_o be_v in_o a_o hot_a balneo_fw-la m._n 3_o hour_n bread_n be_v make_v of_o it_o full_a of_o hole_n but_o without_o a_o crust_n feb._n 5._o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v without_o remove_v the_o paste_n from_o one_o receiver_n to_o another_o and_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o air_n the_o bread_n make_v of_o it_o be_v much_o light_a than_o the_o former_a experiment_n v._n feb._n 12._o vacuo_fw-la rosemary_n and_o water_n distil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la rosemary_n and_o water_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o instrument_n contrive_v to_o distil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la that_o be_v place_v in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la it_o yield_v a_o water_n which_o have_v a_o sweet_a smell_n as_o also_o some_o drop_n of_o essential_a oil_n well_o scent_v and_o clear_a from_o any_o empyreuma_n but_o the_o stop-cock_n be_v open_v to_o let_v in_o air_n the_o noise_n which_o the_o air_n rush_v in_o cause_v be_v soon_o over_o so_o that_o i_o judge_v the_o rosemary_n have_v afford_v a_o good_a deal_n of_o air._n feb._n 13._o the_o same_o rosemary_n be_v again_o expose_v to_o a_o more_o violent_a fire_n it_o only_o yield_v a_o water_n less_o odoriferous_a than_o the_o former_a experiment_n vi._n feb._n 10._o 79._o vacuo_fw-la flesh_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o pound_n of_o flesh_n be_v boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la with_o 4_o pound_n of_o water_n and_o in_o 3_o hour_n the_o mercury_n in_o a_o gage_n which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o it_o be_v not_o raise_v above_o 3_o inch_n it_o taste_v ill_a as_o also_o the_o liquor_n which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o condense_v vapour_n it_o be_v not_o boil_v enough_o feb._n 11._o the_o same_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v the_o flesh_n be_v first_o sprinkle_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n the_o mercury_n ascend_v 6_o inch_n in_o the_o same_o time_n that_o before_o it_o be_v raise_v 3_o it_o taste_v well_o and_o the_o liquor_n form_v of_o the_o vapour_n taste_v strong_a of_o pepper_n these_o vessel_n seem_v proper_a to_o distil_v body_n that_o be_v very_o thin_a and_o volatile_a in_o article_n xix_o concern_v elixation_n in_o vessel_n stop_v with_o screw_n by_o who_o help_n hartshorn_n and_o the_o bone_n of_o fish_n and_o fourfooted_a creature_n may_v be_v soften_v experiment_n i._n jan._n 29._o m._n beef_n boil_v in_o b._n m._n beef_n boil_v in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la eight_o or_o nine_o hour_n in_o a_o vessel_n stop_v with_o a_o screw_n have_v a_o very_a unpleasant_a taste_n after_o i_o boil_a beef_n season_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n 3_o hour_n and_o it_o taste_v very_o pleasant_a beef_n that_o be_v not_o so_o season_v be_v boil_v 3_o hour_n taste_v well_o so_o that_o i_o conjecture_v that_o the_o first_o flesh_n be_v spoil_v with_o over-boiling_a when_o the_o flesh_n be_v not_o season_v vapour_n gather_v in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o condense_v taste_v unpleasant_a experiment_n ii_o jan._n 29._o apple_n boil_v 2_o hour_n be_v soft_a and_o well_o taste_v but_o some_o piece_n impregnate_v with_o the_o condense_v vapour_n which_o be_v of_o a_o ungrateful_a smell_n have_v acquire_v a_o less_o acceptable_a taste_n experiment_n iii_o feb._n 4._o receiver_n season_n flesh_n enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n flesh_n close_o compress_v and_o season_v with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n stop_v with_o a_o screw_n that_o be_v keep_v hot_a in_o balneo_fw-la a_o hour_n in_o which_o time_n the_o flesh_n be_v alittle_o over_o boil_a when_o the_o balneum_fw-la be_v open_v all_o the_o water_n break_v out_o feb._n 5._o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n be_v enclose_v in_o a_o receiver_n shut_v up_o with_o a_o screw_n march_n 12._o the_o flesh_n be_v very_o good_a elixation_n by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o perfect_a contribute_v the_o more_o to_o the_o hindrance_n of_o fermentation_n see_v art_n xviii_o exp._n xii_o xx._n experiment_n iu._n feb._n 10._o vacuo_fw-la cow-heel_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o cow-heel_n be_v boil_v four_o hour_n over_o a_o moderate_a fire_n be_v so_o soft_a that_o the_o bone_n may_v be_v eat_v like_o cheese_n feb._n 12._o a_o cow-heel_n be_v boil_v 12_o hour_n taste_v empyreumatical_a and_o the_o juice_n will_v not_o coagulate_v so_o that_o hard_a bone_n and_o tendon_n in_o balneo_fw-la mariae_fw-la may_v become_v good_a nourishment_n experiment_n v._n feb._n 10._o a_o fish_n boil_v in_o b._n m._n 2_o hour_n taste_v well_o and_o the_o bone_n be_v very_o soft_a the_o juice_n harden_v present_o into_o a_o jelly_n of_o a_o firm_a consistence_n this_o be_v a_o good_a way_n to_o boil_v fish_n that_o be_v full_a of_o bones_o experiment_n vi._n feb._n 5._o vacuo_fw-la hearts-horn_n boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la hartshorn_n boil_v 4_o hour_n be_v very_o soft_a like_o cheese_n and_o the_o juice_n present_o harden_v into_o a_o jelly_n feb._n 17._o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v the_o hartshorn_n be_v boil_v 6_o hour_n and_o grow_v very_o soft_a the_o juice_n get_v out_o of_o it_o harden_v into_o a_o jelly_n and_o stick_v to_o the_o outside_n of_o it_o these_o experiment_n may_v be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o mariner_n since_o by_o they_o they_o may_v learn_v how_o to_o boil_v their_o meat_n with_o out_o consume_v fresh_a water_n which_o may_v be_v keep_v for_o other_o more_o cogent_a occasion_n chap._n iu._n new_a experiment_n about_o the_o preservation_n of_o body_n in_o vacuo_fw-la boyliano_fw-it experiment_n i._n vacuo_fw-la several_a substance_n include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la a_o piece_n of_o roast_a rabbit_n be_v preserve_v in_o vacuo_fw-la above_o
poison_n and_o in_o some_o a_o faintness_n and_o dispiritedness_n according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o several_a physician_n and_o that_o mineral_n expiration_n may_v cause_v a_o determinate_a distemper_n we_o may_v learn_v from_o a_o observation_n of_o i_o which_o be_v that_o a_o chemist_n rub_v very_o often_o red_a arsenic_n in_o a_o mortar_n and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v a_o excellent_a medicine_n of_o it_o first_o complain_v to_o i_o of_o a_o difficulty_n of_o breathe_v and_o sometime_o of_o pain_n and_o tumour_n in_o his_o testicle_n and_o it_o will_v not_o be_v very_o much_o doubt_v whether_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n or_o not_o by_o those_o that_o shall_v know_v that_o the_o fume_n of_o sulphur_n be_v so_o penetrate_v that_o at_o the_o picinino_n of_o teneriff_n they_o blacken_v silver_n in_o the_o pocket_n of_o those_o that_o go_v up_o to_o it_o i_o make_v a_o preparation_n of_o sulphur_n which_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la so_o powerful_a in_o the_o cold_a that_o they_o penetrate_v a_o leathern_a purse_n and_o discolour_a silver_n contain_v in_o it_o but_o beside_o the_o forementioned_a effect_n of_o vapour_n on_o the_o picinino_n of_o teneriff_n i_o be_v tell_v that_o one_o that_o ascend_v that_o mountain_n have_v the_o colour_n of_o his_o hair_n alter_v before_o he_o come_v down_o again_o which_o argue_v the_o power_n of_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la to_o penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n but_o lest_o it_o shall_v be_v question_v by_o some_o whether_o such_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la will_v not_o be_v consume_v and_o cease_v in_o less_o time_n than_o endemical_a disease_n be_v continue_v in_o one_o place_n i_o shall_v imtimate_v that_o i_o think_v several_a subterraneal_a body_n may_v have_v a_o power_n of_o propagate_a their_o virtue_n to_o matter_n contiguous_a to_o they_o by_o some_o seminal_a principle_n or_o something_o analogous_a to_o a_o ferment_n or_o by_o bring_v some_o more_o crude_a mineral_n earth_n gradual_o and_o successive_o to_o a_o great_a degree_n of_o maturity_n and_o perfection_n for_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n a_o mineral_n may_v be_v obtain_v from_o a_o earth_n which_o at_o another_o time_n it_o can_v not_o be_v obtain_v from_o which_o observation_n hold_v as_o to_o nitre_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o catholic_n fossils_n and_o most_o plentiful_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la beside_o though_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la in_o the_o region_n of_o the_o earth_n discoverable_a by_o we_o shall_v be_v consume_v i_o see_v not_o why_o supply_n may_v not_o be_v bring_v from_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n indeed_o consider_v how_o close_o the_o matter_n of_o mineral_n be_v crowd_v together_o and_o how_o long_a magnet_n sever_v from_o their_o mine_n emit_fw-la effluvia_fw-la without_o a_o sensible_a diminution_n the_o stock_n of_o mineral_n earth_n from_o whence_o they_o flow_v can_v be_v think_v sudden_o to_o be_v exhaust_v for_o a_o effluviate_a power_n be_v so_o durable_a that_o one_o have_v a_o perfume_a watch_n which_o though_o constant_o wear_v preserve_v its_o scent_n 16_o year_n and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n can_v perfume_v marble_n quite_o through_o so_o that_o they_o retain_v their_o scent_n a_o long_a time_n but_o before_o i_o leave_v this_o second_o proposition_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n that_o noxious_a effluvia_fw-la may_n cause_n distemper_n not_o only_o by_o respiration_n and_o penetrate_v the_o pore_n of_o our_o body_n but_o by_o impregnate_v the_o water_n make_v use_v of_o for_o prepare_v and_o dilute_v our_o aliment_n without_o any_o sensible_a alteration_n in_o the_o water_n to_o be_v discern_v by_o we_o so_o water_n by_o a_o infusion_n of_o crocus_n metallorum_fw-la become_v emetic_n and_o indeed_o sometime_o those_o effluvia_fw-la be_v so_o numerous_a that_o in_o the_o border_n of_o lancashire_n the_o mud_n in_o a_o ditch_n be_v so_o strong_o impregnate_v with_o subterraneal_a exhalation_n that_o at_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o water_n they_o will_v take_v fire_n and_o flame_n like_o a_o candle_n but_o beside_o that_o distemper_n may_v be_v propagate_v by_o these_o subtle_a effluvia_fw-la impregnate_v water_n they_o may_v be_v also_o prejudicial_a in_o as_o much_o as_o be_v mix_v with_o the_o nutriment_n of_o plant_n they_o may_v deprave_v their_o juice_n and_o consequent_o make_v they_o unfit_a to_o be_v eat_v and_o that_o mineral_n effluvia_fw-la may_n in_o a_o great_a measure_n deprave_v and_o influence_n the_o substance_n of_o plant_n in_o their_o growth_n be_v confirm_v by_o some_o who_o have_v note_v that_o oak_n grow_v in_o ground_n which_o abound_v with_o vitriolate_a mine_n be_v much_o more_o heavy_a and_o solid_a than_o other_o and_o these_o effluvia_fw-la be_v sometime_o so_o numerous_a and_o crowd_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o plant_n as_o not_o to_o be_v overcome_v and_o concoct_v by_o the_o ferment_n of_o the_o plant_n but_o to_o keep_v their_o own_o nature_n for_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o a_o vine_n near_o paris_n several_a marchasitical_a particle_n throughout_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o root_n and_o trunk_n and_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o at_o tockay_n in_o hungary_n the_o very_a kernel_n of_o the_o grape_n be_v as_o if_o it_o be_v gild_n over_o with_o leaf_n gold_n but_o beside_o the_o aforementioned_a way_n by_o which_o our_o body_n may_v be_v affect_v with_o noxious_a effluvium_n we_o may_v not_o a_o little_a suffer_v by_o the_o deprave_a humour_n which_o some_o animal_n we_o feed_v upon_o be_v nourish_v by_o and_o which_o vitiate_v their_o body_n primary_o and_o secondary_o we_o as_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la may_n cause_n distemper_n so_o it_o may_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o possible_o in_o some_o measure_n mineral_n effluvia_fw-la may_v prevent_v distemper_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o several_a part_n of_o scotland_n be_v free_a from_o ague_n and_o that_o very_o hot_a and_o large_a region_n in_o the_o east-indies_n be_v rare_o trouble_v with_o the_o plague_n nor_o be_v it_o less_o remarkable_a that_o in_o ireland_n the_o air_n be_v impregnate_v with_o such_o sort_n of_o emanation_n as_o prevent_v the_o generation_n of_o any_o venomous_a creature_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a instance_n from_o beguinus_n in_o his_o own_o word_n who_o say_v dignum_fw-la admiratione_n est_fw-la quod_fw-la quamvis_fw-la in_o vicinia_fw-la hydriae_fw-la comitatus_fw-la gloricensis_fw-la ubi_fw-la reperitur_fw-la copiosè_fw-la ☿_o singulis_fw-la fere_n annis_fw-la lues_fw-la pestifera_fw-la grassatur_fw-la illa_fw-la tamen_fw-la semper_fw-la immunis_fw-la ab_fw-la hac_fw-la manere_fw-la soleat_fw-la idque_fw-la viri_fw-la providae_fw-la aetatis_fw-la se_fw-la observasse_fw-la et_fw-la a_o majoribus_fw-la suis_fw-la accepisse_fw-la mihi_fw-la sancte_fw-la confirmarunt_fw-la to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v further_o that_o the_o learned_a michael_n magerus_n pronounce_v mercury_n a_o antidote_n against_o several_a disease_n and_o particular_o the_o plague_n proposition_n iii_o it_o be_v likely_a 3._o proposition_n 3._o that_o divers_a epidemical_a disease_n be_v in_o great_a part_n produce_v by_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la though_o several_a epidemical_a distemper_n be_v cause_v by_o manifest_a alteration_n in_o sensible_a quality_n of_o the_o air_n yet_o to_o show_v that_o some_o of_o they_o principal_o and_o other_o partly_o depend_v on_o the_o effect_n of_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la i_o shall_v offer_v the_o follow_a consideration_n and_o first_o the_o structure_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o part_n of_o our_o globe_n which_o be_v not_o much_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o it_o and_o much_o more_o the_o deep_a subterraneal_a region_n be_v so_o plentiful_o stock_v with_o mineral_n substance_n so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o that_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la ascend_v thence_o into_o the_o air_n may_v cause_v excessive_a heat_n or_o cold_a or_o some_o other_o manifest_a quality_n and_o consequent_o in_o part_n occasion_n most_o epidemical_a disease_n for_o from_o what_o i_o have_v elsewhere_o show_v it_o not_o only_o appear_v that_o these_o effluvia_fw-la by_o act_v on_o one_o another_o may_v excite_v sudden_a heat_n but_o also_o that_o mineral_n of_o different_a degree_n of_o maturity_n act_v on_o one_o another_o may_v produce_v a_o intense_a cold._n beside_o the_o change_n of_o the_o air_n on_o which_o epidemical_a disease_n depend_v be_v so_o considerable_a and_o instantaneous_a that_o they_o can_v scarce_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o sun_n or_o moon_n which_o be_v too_o regular_a and_o constant_a in_o their_o influence_n to_o cause_v such_o anomalous_a effect_n as_o we_o can_v but_o take_v notice_n of_o in_o a_o few_o year_n time_n but_o be_v rather_o cause_v by_o a_o irruption_n of_o subterraneal_a steam_n which_o be_v frequent_o both_o impetuous_a and_o irregular_a and_o though_o some_o attribute_v they_o to_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o
fortissimo_fw-la vitreo_fw-la ponantur_fw-la ad_fw-la ignem_fw-la arenae_fw-la donec_fw-la vitrum_fw-la optime_fw-la incalescat_fw-la &_o praedicta_fw-la solvantur_fw-la &_o liquentur_fw-la instar_fw-la picis_fw-la quod_fw-la observabitur_fw-la quando_fw-la filum_fw-la quoddam_fw-la immittitur_fw-la in_o fundum_fw-la quod_fw-la extractum_fw-la postea_fw-la instar_fw-la terebinthinae_fw-la trahetur_fw-la ubi_fw-la satis_fw-la coctum_fw-la erit_fw-la postea_fw-la remove_n vitrum_fw-la ab_fw-la igne_fw-la &_o subtiliter_fw-la pulverisa_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la usum_fw-la serva_fw-la another_o eminent_a physician_n preserve_v himself_o from_o the_o plague_n by_o take_v every_o morning_n a_o little_a sea_n salt_n dissolve_v in_o sea_n water_n and_o in_o another_o plague_n i_o know_v two_o recover_v with_o a_o conserve_v make_v of_o goat_n rue_n cease_v why_o the_o plague_n sometime_o unexpected_o cease_v but_o further_a beside_o what_o have_v be_v discourse_v on_o it_o be_v not_o less_o disagreeable_a with_o our_o hypothesis_n that_o sometime_o the_o plague_n unexpected_o cease_v since_o those_o subterraneal_a effluvia_fw-la which_o continue_v the_o infection_n cease_v to_o be_v emit_v from_o the_o earth_n those_o in_o the_o air_n be_v soon_o spend_v and_o sweep_v away_o with_o the_o wind_n which_z effluvia_fw-la may_v cease_v to_o be_v emit_v either_o because_o they_o meet_v with_o some_o other_o effluvia_fw-la in_o the_o earth_n which_o correct_v they_o or_o because_o they_o primary_o rise_v from_o a_o conflict_n and_o agitation_n depend_v on_o the_o mutual_a action_n of_o two_o body_n which_o as_o spirit_n of_o salt_n pour_v on_o file_n of_o iron_n or_o aquafortis_n on_o salt_n of_o tartar_n emit_v fume_n less_o plentiful_o as_o the_o ebullition_n decline_v and_o that_o noxious_a exhalation_n may_v be_v correct_v by_o a_o combination_n of_o other_o as_o pernicious_a not_o only_o appear_v from_o what_o have_v be_v before_o deliver_v but_o may_v be_v illustrate_v by_o note_v that_o though_o spirit_n of_o salt-peter_n will_v corrode_v silver_n yet_o if_o spirit_n of_o salt_n be_v add_v to_o it_o it_o soon_o lose_v that_o quality_n proposition_n iu._n it_o be_v very_o probable_a that_o most_o of_o the_o disease_n that_o even_o physician_n call_v new_a one_o be_v cause_v either_o chief_o or_o concurrent_o by_o subterraneal_a steam_n steam_n new_a disease_n cause_v by_o subterraneal_a steam_n by_o new_a distemper_n i_o will_v be_v understand_v to_o mean_v not_o every_o one_o that_o vary_v a_o little_a in_o symptom_n from_o the_o same_o sort_n at_o another_o time_n but_o such_o as_o at_o their_o appearance_n be_v by_o their_o symptom_n altogether_o unknown_a that_o these_o distemper_n depend_v not_o on_o any_o intemperate_a and_o manifest_a quality_n of_o the_o air_n nor_o on_o the_o influence_n of_o those_o heavenly_a body_n that_o move_v about_o we_o seem_v evident_a because_o the_o influence_n of_o the_o latter_a be_v too_o indeterminate_a and_o the_o alteration_n in_o the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n much_o more_o frequent_a than_o the_o access_n of_o new_a distemper_n but_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v under_o the_o three_o proposition_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o globe_n we_o inhabit_v abound_v with_o various_a noxious_a mineral_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o various_a conflux_n conflict_n and_o dissipation_n and_o which_o by_o emit_v effluvia_fw-la may_v infect_v the_o air_n and_o cause_v new_a disease_n which_o may_v continue_v according_o as_o the_o cause_n be_v more_o or_o less_o durable_a so_o manna_n for_o these_o two_o or_o three_o age_n have_v be_v find_v on_o certain_a tree_n which_o faculty_n of_o produce_v manna_n they_o still_o retain_v yet_o have_v it_o not_o before_o vapour_n experiment_n to_o show_v that_o metal_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n to_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n and_o to_o render_v what_o we_o have_v teach_v concern_v mineral_n effluvia_fw-la more_o probable_a i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a experiment_n from_o whence_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o malleable_a metal_n may_v be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n into_o the_o air_n and_o become_v part_n of_o fume_n or_o perhaps_o of_o invisible_a vapour_n or_o even_o of_o flame_n itself_o experiment_n i._n distil_v dantisic_n vitriol_n and_o sea_n salt_n distil_v have_v powder_v three_o pound_n of_o dantsic_n vitriol_n and_o two_o of_o sea-salt_n and_o distil_v they_o with_o a_o strong_a naked_a fire_n we_o obtain_v a_o blue_a spirit_n of_o salt_n beside_o which_o there_o rise_v a_o powder_n of_o a_o cupreous_a and_o martial_a nature_n which_o settle_v in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o liquor_n experiment_n ii_o salt_n english_a vitriol_n and_o sea_n salt_n the_o former_a experiment_n be_v repeat_v with_o english_a instead_o of_o dantsic_n vitriol_n we_o obtain_v a_o yellow_a spirit_n with_o a_o yellow_a powder_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o crocus_n martis_n experiment_n iii_o copper_n mercury_n sublimate_n and_o copper_n we_o cast_v thin_a plate_n of_o copper_n into_o a_o retort_n upon_o a_o double_a weight_n of_o good_a mercury_n sublimate_n and_o have_v lute_v on_o the_o receiver_n by_o a_o long_a continue_a fire_n we_o obtain_v some_o run_a mercury_n and_o some_o sublimate_n which_o have_v not_o fasten_v upon_o the_o copper_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o retort_n we_o find_v a_o weighty_a brittle_a and_o resinous_a substance_n fusible_a and_o inflammable_a almost_o like_o seal_v wax_n this_o be_v beat_v and_o expose_v for_o some_o time_n to_o the_o air_n turn_v to_o a_o kind_n of_o verdigreese_v which_o give_v a_o green_a tincture_n to_o spirit_n of_o salt_n this_o be_v distil_v ad_fw-la siccitatem_fw-la several_a time_n till_o full_o impregnate_v with_o the_o spirit_n it_o be_v mix_v with_o triple_o and_o with_o a_o strong_a fire_n afford_v a_o colourless_a liquor_n like_o water_n which_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n turn_v blue_a experiment_n iu._n tin_n venetian_a sublimate_n and_o cornish_a tin_n venetian_a sublimate_n distil_v from_o cornish_a tin_n into_o a_o good_a large_a receiver_n yield_v a_o spirituous_a liquor_n which_o emit_v white_a exhalation_n upon_o a_o access_n of_o free_a air_n but_o if_o the_o orifice_n of_o the_o vessel_n be_v but_o cover_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n vipour_n air_n promote_v the_o rise_n of_o metalline_a vipour_n it_o present_o cease_v to_o emit_v those_o exhalation_n yet_o begin_v again_o when_o that_o paper_n which_o lie_v but_o light_o upon_o it_o before_o be_v take_v off_o whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o air_n may_v promote_v the_o rise_n of_o metalline_a vapour_n in_o the_o atmosphere_n and_o that_o metalline_a fume_n will_v ascend_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n will_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n viz._n have_v satiate_v aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la with_o copper_n and_o steep_v some_o brown_a paper_n in_o it_o to_o soak_v up_o some_o of_o the_o menstruum_fw-la when_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v partly_o evaporate_v we_o lay_v some_o of_o it_o upon_o the_o hearth_n near_o a_o wood_n fire_n upon_o which_o the_o paper_n be_v scorch_v emit_v fume_n like_o smoak_n which_o rise_v up_o in_o the_o air_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v to_o the_o flame_n they_o impart_v to_o it_o a_o colour_n partly_o blow_v and_o partly_o green_a as_o it_o be_v various_o mix_v with_o the_o flame_n and_o smoke_n of_o the_o wood._n chap._n xx._n suspicion_n about_o some_o hide_a quality_n of_o the_o air._n air._n latent_fw-la quality_n in_o the_o air._n beside_o the_o four_o first_o quality_n of_o the_o air_n viz._n heat_v cold_a moisture_n and_o dryness_n and_o those_o which_o philosopher_n and_o chemist_n have_v discover_v as_o gravity_n springiness_n etc._n etc._n i_o be_o apt_a to_o suspect_v that_o there_o be_v other_o latent_fw-la quality_n in_o it_o due_a to_o the_o substantial_a ingredient_n which_o it_o be_v make_v up_o of_o for_o the_o air_n we_o live_v in_o be_v not_o a_o simple_a body_n but_o a_o confuse_a aggregate_v of_o effluvium_n which_o be_v jumble_v together_o constitute_v a_o great_a mass_n of_o heterogeneous_a matter_n endue_v with_o different_a quality_n for_o from_o what_o be_v elsewhere_o deliver_v it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v various_a effluvia_fw-la beside_o those_o that_o afford_v ordinary_a meteor_n which_o arise_v from_o body_n in_o subterraneal_a part_n several_a of_o which_o have_v no_o name_n or_o at_o lest_o none_o assign_v they_o and_o have_v several_a power_n and_o quality_n which_o we_o know_v not_o of_o beside_o the_o sun_n and_o planet_n may_v have_v influence_n here_o below_o distinct_a from_o their_o heat_n and_o light_n which_o may_v mix_v with_o the_o atmosphere_n we_o live_v in_o and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o those_o celestial_a globe_n that_o move_v about_o we_o may_v be_v endue_v with_o substance_n that_o we_o here_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o effluvium_n which_o come_v from_o they_o may_v affect_v we_o in_o a_o different_a manner_n from_o any_o body_n we_o here_o have_v in_o our_o atmosphere_n and_o though_o the_o
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the_o water_n be_v seal_v up_o and_o place_v about_o 9_o hour_n in_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n the_o water_n ascend_v 15_o inch_n ½_n and_o afterward_o ½_n of_o ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n be_v neglect_v for_o a_o hour_n the_o seal_a end_n be_v blow_v off_o and_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o glass_n break_v in_o piece_n 2._o water_n free_v from_o air_n in_o our_o receiver_n and_o seal_v up_o in_o a_o round_a bolt-head_n in_o which_o the_o seal_a apex_n be_v about_o 5_o inch_n above_o the_o water_n afford_v a_o ice_n very_o free_a from_o bubble_n and_o have_v stand_v in_o a_o frigorifick_a mixture_n about_o 2_o hour_n it_o be_v raise_v 4_o inch_n and_o â…œ_n the_o conical_a apex_n be_v break_v with_o a_o noise_n and_o a_o seem_a smoke_n we_o find_v water_n unfreeze_v under_o the_o pipe_n and_o that_o the_o air_n be_v condense_v to_o a_o 20_o part_n of_o the_o space_n it_o possess_v before_o 3._o the_o globous_a part_n of_o a_o glass-egg_n 3_o inches_n diameter_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n and_o 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without_o break_v they_o beside_o in_o several_a oil_n and_o other_o liquor_n which_o must_v receive_v those_o frigorifick_a atom_n we_o perceive_v not_o the_o least_o expansion_n at_o all_o but_o they_o be_v rather_o condense_v 7._o how_o great_a the_o expansive_a force_n of_o congeal_a wine_n milk_n urine_n and_o other_o liquor_n be_v i_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o other_o to_o inquire_v and_o shall_v only_o take_v notice_n that_o undoubted_o it_o be_v considerable_a since_o in_o the_o dutch_a voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o even_o iron-hoop_n be_v burst_v by_o the_o forcible_a expansion_n of_o include_v liquor_n and_o in_o russia_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o though_o beer_n and_o wine_n will_v not_o burst_v wooden_a vessel_n yet_o glass_n and_o stone-vessel_n will_v be_v often_o break_v particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o xi_o title_n 1._o we_o take_v a_o brass-cylind_a 2_o inch_n diameter_n and_o have_v put_v a_o bladder_n with_o water_n tie_v close_o up_o in_o it_o so_o that_o upon_o expansion_n it_o can_v not_o get_v out_o into_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o cylinder_n we_o put_v a_o plugg_n into_o it_o upon_o which_o be_v place_v several_a weight_n which_o amount_v to_o 120_o pound_n yet_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n be_v apply_v to_o the_o cylinder_n the_o water_n expanded_a raise_v the_o plugg_n near_o half_a a_o inch_n and_o the_o experiment_n be_v repeat_v again_o the_o next_o day_n the_o freeze_a water_n raise_v 130_o pound-weight_n 2._o a_o iron-barrel_n 14_o inch_n long_o and_o â…œ_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n who_o side_n be_v at_o the_o thick_a part_n 1_o 16_o and_o at_o the_o least_o â—_o 16_o be_v fill_v with_o water_n and_o be_v bury_v in_o a_o mixture_n
snow_n to_o discover_v what_o liquor_n ice_n will_v be_v soon_o dissolve_v in_o we_o contrive_v to_o freeze_v water_n in_o a_o long_o cylinder_n which_o be_v loosen_v by_o apply_v a_o warm_a hand_n we_o divide_v some_o into_o piece_n ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n long_o and_o other_o into_o inch_n and_o our_o experiment_n be_v make_v with_o these_o cylindrical_a piece_n of_o ice_n in_o the_o first_o trial_n 1._o in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n a_o cylindrical_a piece_n of_o ice_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o length_n last_v 5_o minute_n 2._o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 12_o minute_n 3._o in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la 12_o ½_n 4._o in_o water_n 12_o minute_n 5._o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n about_o 44_o minute_n 6._o in_o air_n 64_o minute_n the_o second_o trial_n 1._o in_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n a_o inch_n of_o cylindrical_a ice_n last_v undissolve_v 3_o minute_n 2._o in_o spirit_n of_o wine_n 13_o minute_n 3._o in_o water_n 26_o minute_n 4._o in_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n 47_o minute_n 5._o in_o salad-oil_n 52_o minute_n 6._o in_o air_n 152_o minute_n 2._o we_o likewise_o think_v it_o worth_a while_n to_o try_v what_o difference_n there_o will_v be_v in_o the_o duration_n of_o piece_n of_o ice_n of_o the_o same_o bulk_n and_o figure_n but_o of_o different_a liquor_n as_o also_o whether_o attrition_n will_v contribute_v to_o the_o dissolution_n of_o ice_n which_o iobserved_a it_o do_v whence_o it_o appear_v that_o as_o the_o agent_n contiguous_a to_o ice_n be_v different_a they_o dissolve_v its_o texture_n soon_o or_o late_a and_o if_o snow_n or_o ice_n be_v keep_v in_o a_o place_n where_o neither_o the_o sun_n nor_o the_o air_n have_v much_o influence_n upon_o it_o it_o will_v continue_v a_o long_a time_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o xvi_o title_n 1._o in_o confirmation_n of_o what_o be_v say_v in_o the_o close_a of_o this_o title_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o follow_a account_n of_o the_o italian_a conservatory_n send_v i_o by_o my_o ingenious_a friend_n mr._n j._n evelyn_n the_o snow-pit_n in_o italy_n etc._n etc._n be_v sink_v in_o the_o most_o solitary_a and_o cool_v place_n common_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o some_o mountain_n or_o elevate_a ground_n which_o may_v best_o protect_v they_o from_o the_o meridional_a or_o occidental_a sun_n 25_o foot_n wide_a at_o the_o orifice_n and_o about_o 50_o deep_a be_v esteem_v a_o competent_a proportion_n and_o though_o this_o be_v excavate_v in_o a_o conical_a form_n yet_o it_o be_v make_v flat_a at_o the_o bottom_n or_o point_n the_o side_n of_o the_o pit_n be_v so_o joyce_v that_o board_n may_v be_v nail_v upon_o they_o very_o close_o joint_v about_o a_o yard_n from_o the_o bottom_n be_v fix_v a_o strong_a frame_n or_o tresle_n upon_o which_o lie_v a_o wooden_a grate_n the_o top_n or_o cover_n be_v double_a thatch_a with_o reed_n or_o straw_n upon_o a_o copped_a frame_n or_o roof_n in_o one_o of_o the_o side_n whereof_o be_v a_o narrow_a door-case_n hip_v on_o like_o the_o top_n of_o the_o dormer_n and_o thatch_a to_o conserve_v snow_n they_o lay_v clean_a straw_n upon_o the_o grate_n or_o wattle_v so_o as_o to_o keep_v the_o snow_n from_o run_v through_o whilst_o they_o beat_v it_o to_o a_o hard_a cake_n of_o a_o icy_a consistence_n which_o be_v near_o one_o foot_n thick_a upon_o this_o they_o make_v a_o layer_n of_o straw_n and_o then_o snow_n and_o straw_n again_o and_o continue_v s.s.s._n till_o the_o pit_n be_v full_a and_o then_o lay_v straw_n or_o reed_n upon_o all_o they_o keep_v the_o door_n lock_v this_o grate_n be_v so_o contrive_v that_o the_o snow_n melt_v by_o any_o accident_n in_o lay_v or_o extraordinary_a season_n of_o wether_n it_o may_v drain_v away_o from_o the_o mass_n and_o sink_v without_o stagnate_n upon_o it_o which_o will_v accelerate_v the_o dissolution_n and_o therefore_o the_o bottom_n be_v but_o very_o slight_o steen_v etc._n etc._n 2._o and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o the_o dutchman_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o nova_n zembla_n that_o in_o june_n the_o sun_n be_v not_o powerful_a enough_o to_o melt_v snow_n and_o even_o in_o warm_a climate_n where_o the_o reflection_n of_o the_o sunbeam_n be_v not_o so_o considerable_a snow_n continue_v unthaw_v all_o summer_n as_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o other_o high_a mountain_n and_o capt._n james_n observe_v that_o in_o august_n ice_n that_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o sunbeam_n continue_v unmelted_a 8_o day_n or_o more_o and_o the_o same_o author_n observe_v that_o the_o very_a ground_n be_v freeze_v in_o june_n title_n xvii_o consideration_n and_o experiment_n concern_v the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la of_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 1._o tho_o several_a sect_n of_o philosopher_n have_v dispute_v about_o a_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la some_o contend_v for_o earth_n other_o water_n other_o air_n and_o another_o sect_n for_o nitre_n yet_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o which_o that_o quality_n principal_o reside_v and_o from_o whence_o all_o other_o body_n derive_v they_o no_o more_o than_o that_o there_o be_v a_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o principle_n subject_a of_o residence_n for_o any_o other_o quality_n for_o if_o a_o intense_a degree_n of_o motion_n among_o the_o minute_n part_v of_o a_o body_n be_v sufficient_a to_o give_v it_o the_o quality_n of_o heat_n it_o may_v be_v enough_o to_o render_v a_o body_n cold_a that_o that_o motion_n be_v diminish_v upon_o a_o removal_n of_o its_o cause_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o cold_a be_v a_o positive_a or_o a_o privative_a quality_n frigidum_fw-la the_o earth_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la 2._o indeed_o plutarch_n suppose_v the_o earth_n to_o be_v the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la but_o we_o daily_o see_v that_o it_o be_v freeze_v by_o the_o contiguous_a air_n communicate_v cold_a to_o it_o and_z by_o the_o interposition_n of_o another_o body_n may_v easy_o be_v preserve_v from_o that_o so_o the_o salt-works_a upon_o the_o marsh_n of_o the_o island_n xaintonge_n in_o france_n be_v preserve_v from_o the_o damage_n the_o frost_n will_v do_v they_o by_o let_v in_o water_n by_o sluice_n to_o overflow_v they_o beside_o be_v the_o earth_n the_o summum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la it_o may_v just_o be_v wonder_v why_o it_o congeal_v not_o the_o water_n contiguous_a to_o it_o soon_o than_o hail_v or_o snow_n in_o the_o air_n since_o terrene_a part_n of_o matter_n can_v be_v bring_v thither_o without_o some_o cause_n able_a to_o elevate_v they_o and_o perhaps_o to_o alter_v the_o quality_n of_o they_o not_o to_o mention_v those_o vulcano_n which_v argue_v the_o earth_n to_o abound_v with_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o that_o in_o several_a place_n where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o vulcano_n as_o in_o deep_a mine_n those_o that_o work_v there_o find_v it_o very_o hot_a and_o troublesome_a and_o in_o deep_a well_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o water_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v freeze_v that_o it_o come_v up_o reak_a hot_a which_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o proceed_v from_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o sun_n since_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr clave_n livre_fw-fr 11._o chap._n 8._o that_o in_o the_o southern_a country_n the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n penetrate_v not_o above_o six_o or_o seven_o foot_n deep_a and_o the_o subterraneal_a part_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v extreme_o cold_a that_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o miner_n that_o the_o low_a they_o dig_v the_o more_o vapour_n exhalation_n and_o heat_v they_o find_v and_o jo._n baptista_n morinus_n witness_n that_o in_o mine_n in_o hungary_n four_o hundred_o fathom_n deep_a after_o the_o descent_n of_o 80_o fathom_n it_o be_v always_o hot_a but_o whether_o these_o may_v proceed_v from_o subterraneal_a fire_n or_o a_o mixture_n of_o other_o body_n i_o shall_v not_o determine_v since_o i_o have_v see_v body_n actual_o cold_a mix_v together_o produce_v heat_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o in_o some_o part_n of_o england_n they_o dig_v up_o a_o mineral_n which_o upon_o a_o addition_n of_o water_n only_o become_v hot_a and_o for_o a_o like_a reason_n perhaps_o those_o heat_n in_o the_o hungarian_a mine_n may_v be_v cause_v for_o that_o mineral_n steam_n ascend_v be_v evident_a since_o they_o have_v be_v observe_v in_o a_o perpendicular_a groave_fw-it not_o only_o to_o stinkâ—_n but_o by_o their_o corrosive_a quality_n to_o corrode_v the_o wooden_a ladder_n and_o morinus_n himself_o tell_v we_o that_o descend_v into_o the_o golden_a mine_n at_o cremnitz_n the_o heat_n increase_v extreme_o as_o he_o descend_v which_o they_o attribute_v to_o a_o mine_n of_o smaragdine_n vitriol_n which_o lie_v under_o it_o of_o which_o kind_n of_o vitriol_n there_o be_v some_o even_o in_o the_o cold_a
archangel_n the_o air_n be_v so_o healthful_a they_o use_v very_o little_a physic_n so_o that_o the_o poor_a sort_n live_v 80_o or_o 100_o year_n old_a title_n xix_o of_o the_o strange_a effect_n of_o cold_a cold._n of_o the_o strange_a effect_n of_o cold._n the_o dutch_a tell_v we_o that_o they_o find_v it_o so_o cold_a in_o nova_n zembla_n that_o when_o their_o sheet_n be_v wash_v and_o hang_v to_o dry_a by_o a_o fire_n one_o side_n will_v freeze_v as_o the_o other_o thaw_v and_o that_o they_o themselves_o be_v so_o cold_a that_o they_o can_v not_o warm_v themselves_o by_o the_o fire_n for_o they_o usual_o smell_v their_o stocking_n burn_v before_o they_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o heat_n and_o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o charlton-island_n the_o one_o side_n of_o water_n in_o a_o vessel_n freeze_v whilst_o the_o other_o be_v next_o the_o fire_n to_o these_o relation_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o marcus_n polus_n be_v tell_v that_o on_o a_o plain_a which_o be_v betwixt_o two_o of_o the_o high_a hill_n in_o the_o world_n fire_n will_v neither_o burn_v so_o brisk_o nor_o boil_v thing_n so_o effectual_o as_o in_o other_o place_n which_o i_o be_o the_o more_o unwilling_a to_o reject_v as_o impossible_a because_o if_o snow_n and_o ice_n owe_v their_o coldness_n to_o something_o which_o reign_v in_o the_o air_n nature_n may_v make_v the_o air_n as_o cold_a in_o any_o other_o northern_a climate_n saline_n expiration_n be_v every_o where_o disperse_v through_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n and_o this_o cold_a be_v so_o violent_a that_o water_n be_v pour_v on_o a_o stool_n and_o a_o tankard_n place_v upon_o it_o by_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n the_o tankard_n will_v be_v so_o freeze_v to_o the_o stool_n that_o the_o one_o be_v lift_v up_o raise_v the_o other_o along_o with_o it_o 2._o gerat_fw-la de_fw-la veer_v say_v that_o if_o they_o put_v a_o nail_n into_o their_o mouth_n it_o will_v be_v freeze_v and_o bring_v blood_n along_o with_o it_o when_o take_v away_o and_o dr._n fletcher_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o muscovy_n if_o one_o hold_v a_o pot_n in_o one_o hand_n be_v freeze_v to_o it_o it_o will_v pull_v off_o the_o skin_n at_o part_v and_o in_o nova_n zembla_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v so_o cold_a that_o it_o freeze_v salt_n water_n two_o inch_n thick_a 3._o in_o the_o marketplace_n at_o moscow_n olearius_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o extreme_a cold_a cause_v a_o clift_n a_o foot_n broad_a and_o several_a inch_n long_o and_o that_o considerable_a cliff_n will_v be_v make_v by_o the_o cold_a i_o be_o inform_v by_o other_o and_o the_o dutch_a in_o nova_n zembla_n acquaint_v we_o that_o the_o ground_n be_v so_o freeze_v that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o thaw_v it_o by_o burn_a wood_n upon_o it_o 4._o as_o for_o the_o effect_n of_o cold_a on_o compound_a body_n etc._n etc._n that_o it_o will_v freeze_v beer_n ale_n vinegar_n oil_n common_a wine_n and_o even_o sack_n and_o alicant_n we_o have_v already_o show_v and_o that_o it_o have_v considerable_a effect_n on_o wood_n brick_n stone_n vessel_n of_o glass_n earth_n and_o even_o pewter_n and_o iron_n themselves_o to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o cold_a preserve_v some_o plant_n yet_o a_o excessive_a degree_n of_o it_o destroy_v they_o 5._o capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o find_v the_o cold_a when_o at_o the_o high_a degree_n insupportable_a and_o olearius_n acquaint_v we_o that_o sometime_o the_o cold_a in_o muscovy_n be_v so_o excessive_a that_o neither_o motion_n nor_o clothes_n resist_v the_o ill_a effect_n of_o it_o but_o in_o moscow_n the_o air_n be_v very_o good_a and_o healthly_a the_o plague_n very_o seldom_o happen_v there_o and_o dr._n fletcher_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o russia_n it_o be_v so_o cold_a sometime_o that_o people_n fall_v dead_a in_o the_o street_n and_o that_o the_o bear_n and_o wolf_n invade_v and_o plunder_n the_o town_n in_o whole_a troop_n and_o the_o effect_n of_o cold_a have_v be_v find_v so_o strange_a sometime_o that_o it_o have_v cause_v blister_n to_o rise_v not_o only_o upon_o the_o hand_n and_o face_n but_o their_o arm_n and_o leg_n beside_o these_o instance_n capt._n james_n tell_v we_o that_o their_o clothes_n will_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o frost_n and_o iceicle_n will_v so_o hang_v to_o their_o hair_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o shave_v his_o head_n and_o face_n that_o they_o may_v have_v nothing_o to_o hang_v at_o and_o purchas_n say_v that_o their_o very_a shoe_n will_v be_v cover_v over_o with_o a_o hoar-frost_n on_o the_o inside_n so_o that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o wear_v they_o and_o i_o be_o tell_v that_o a_o army_n of_o 40000_o of_o the_o turk_n all_o perish_v at_o once_o by_o excessive_a cold._n i_o be_o also_o inform_v that_o a_o province_n of_o poland_n of_o the_o same_o height_n of_o the_o pole_n with_o normandy_n be_v subject_a to_o some_o sort_n of_o cold_n which_o occasion_n a_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o sickness_n and_o at_o other_o time_n death_n and_o cancerous_a sore_n be_v as_o fatal_a as_o those_o cause_v by_o hot_a corrode_a humour_n and_o those_o that_o die_v of_o the_o cold_a either_o be_v seize_v with_o a_o drowziness_n and_o coldness_n of_o the_o extreme_a part_n and_o die_v in_o a_o sleep_n or_o have_v their_o gut_n and_o reins_o first_o freeze_v and_o then_o gangree_v and_o mortify_v vomit_v every_o thing_n they_o take_v and_o then_o languish_v with_o violent_a pain_n and_o dye_n and_o their_o body_n be_v open_v their_o gut_n be_v black_a and_o as_o if_o it_o be_v glue_v together_o 6._o what_o effect_n cold_a have_v upon_o other_o animal_n have_v not_o be_v much_o observe_v by_o author_n but_o a_o french_a author_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o cold_a in_o vkrain_n as_o the_o polander_n call_v it_o be_v sometime_o so_o great_a that_o it_o destroy_v horse_n and_o some_o other_o tame_a beast_n and_o the_o same_o author_n mention_n a_o fourfooted_a creature_n call_v bohack_n peculiar_a to_o that_o province_n one_o of_o which_o be_v dug_n out_o of_o the_o ground_n where_o he_o be_v freeze_v for_o they_o usual_o hide_v themselves_o there_o in_o the_o winter_n when_o they_o be_v about_o to_o flay_v he_o the_o sense_n of_o pain_n recover_v he_o and_o this_o be_v present_v to_o a_o polish_v lord_n from_o who_o i_o have_v the_o relation_n 7._o it_o be_v report_v that_o in_o the_o northern_a country_n the_o bird_n and_o wild_a beast_n be_v usual_o turn_v white_a but_o though_o i_o do_v it_o whole_o reject_v it_o as_o false_a yet_o i_o can_v believe_v it_o universal_o true_a but_o this_o be_v certain_a that_o good_a author_n mention_n white_a bear_n and_o fox_n in_o nova_n zembla_n and_o white_a partridge_n upon_o the_o snowy_a alps_n and_o i_o have_v hear_v of_o white_a pheasant_n in_o savoy_n what_o may_v be_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o colour_n i_o shall_v not_o dispute_v nor_o shall_v i_o determine_v whether_o it_o be_v cause_v by_o any_o seminal_a impression_n or_o the_o imagination_n of_o the_o 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the_o mixture_n though_o consistent_a be_v cold_o than_o the_o fluid_a ingredient_n to_o try_v whether_o water_n be_v capable_a of_o compression_n we_o take_v a_o glass-ball_n with_o a_o long_a stem_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o water_n within_o two_o inch_n of_o the_o top_n then_o we_o hermetical_o seal_v it_o up_o and_o freeze_a it_o from_o the_o bottom_n upward_o in_o a_o frigorifick_a mixtre_n when_o the_o include_v air_n be_v compress_v as_o much_o as_o we_o think_v the_o glass_n will_v bear_v we_o nip_v off_o the_o apex_n and_o find_v that_o thereupon_o the_o air_n fly_v out_o and_o the_o water_n rise_v ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n above_o its_o former_a surface_n so_o that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v compress_v ⅜_n of_o the_o length_n of_o the_o aqueous_a cylinder_n but_o whether_o this_o phaenomenon_n may_v be_v occasion_v by_o the_o spring_n of_o some_o latent_fw-la air_n in_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o water_n or_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v occasion_v by_o some_o springiness_n in_o the_o ice_n 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piece_n into_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n which_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o dissolve_v it_o nor_o do_v spirit_n of_o wine_n though_o upon_o the_o removal_n of_o it_o into_o water_n it_o be_v present_o dissolve_v examine_v another_o argument_n examine_v another_o argument_n allege_v for_o a_o antiperistasis_n be_v the_o freeze_a of_o a_o pot_n to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o stool_n at_o the_o fire_n side_n by_o a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n but_o this_o experiment_n have_v likewise_o succeed_v where_o there_o be_v no_o fire_n near_o it_o can_v not_o be_v say_v that_o the_o effect_v depend_v upon_o the_o force_n of_o the_o fire_n invigorate_n the_o cold._n another_o experiment_n employ_v by_o the_o asserter_n of_o a_o antiperistasis_n be_v that_o if_o a_o pot_n of_o snow_n be_v set_v over_o the_o fire_n and_o a_o vial_n full_a of_o water_n be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o
the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n for_o which_o reason_n deep_a cellar_n be_v general_o warm_a and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o deep_a mine_n in_o hungary_n be_v always_o the_o hot_a and_o though_o the_o upper_a region_n in_o some_o measure_n seem_v cold_a yet_o that_o may_v easy_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o predisposition_n of_o our_o sensory_n when_o out_o of_o the_o warm_a air_n we_o find_v it_o comparative_o cold_o in_o the_o top_n of_o the_o groove_n and_o in_o our_o ascent_n cold_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o region_n which_o be_v near_a the_o influence_n of_o subterraneal_a fire_n and_o that_o the_o low_a region_n be_v hot_a than_o the_o uppermost_a be_v not_o only_o evident_a from_o what_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o deliver_v but_o from_o what_o archbishop_n vpsal_n have_v observe_v in_o the_o deep_a mountain_n in_o poland_n from_o whence_o they_o dig_v rock-salt_n and_o though_o the_o heat_n of_o spring_n in_o the_o winter_n may_v be_v allege_v by_o some_o 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be_v kill_v by_o the_o steam_n of_o it_o and_o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o that_o near_o the_o city_n buda_n there_o be_v such_o hot_a spring_n that_o the_o river_n danubius_n be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v they_o cool_v and_o he_o tell_v we_o likewise_o that_o in_o the_o river_n istroganum_n they_o may_v discover_v hot_a spring_n by_o remove_v the_o sand_n with_o their_o foot_n and_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o credible_a witness_n that_o in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n there_o be_v a_o ditch_n which_o emit_v steam_n which_o be_v inflammable_a and_o probable_o there_o may_v be_v other_o place_n which_o emit_v such_o kind_n of_o effluvia_fw-la and_o afford_v matter_n for_o fiery_a meteor_n and_o wind_n and_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o not_o only_o in_o muscovy_n a_o tract_n of_o water_n a_o mile_n long_o continue_v unfreeze_v when_o the_o rest_n be_v and_o emit_v hot_a steam_n but_o olaus_n magnus_n tell_v we_o of_o a_o lake_n veter_fw-la which_o thaw_v with_o a_o considerable_a noise_n that_o as_o well_o as_o the_o river_n peking_n near_o china_n which_o thaw_v in_o one_o day_n begin_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o so_o thaw_v upward_o and_o in_o these_o thaw_v it_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v foretell_v by_o a_o great_a boil_a of_o the_o water_n first_o under_o the_o ice_n and_o that_o such_o effluvia_fw-la be_v detain_v from_o fly_v away_o and_o keep_v up_o in_o the_o earth_n may_v contribute_v to_o the_o heat_n of_o cellar_n appear_v further_o since_o in_o muscow_n when_o a_o cellar_n have_v be_v long_o keep_v shut_v when_o first_o the_o door_n be_v open_v the_o steam_n will_v affect_v the_o man_n so_o powerful_o as_o almost_o to_o suffocate_v they_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o retention_n of_o hot_a effluvia_fw-la depend_v on_o a_o constipation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o not_o on_o the_o disposition_n of_o hot_a vapour_n to_o fly_v away_o from_o their_o contrary_n since_o we_o see_v that_o they_o have_v no_o such_o disposition_n the_o vapour_n of_o a_o well_o rather_o disperse_v themselves_o in_o the_o air_n than_o fly_v away_o from_o it_o but_o to_o disprove_v the_o doctrine_n of_o antiperistasis_n further_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o rod_n of_o iron_n which_o have_v a_o piece_n of_o iron_n fix_v to_o one_o end_n of_o it_o have_v that_o end_n make_v red_a hot_a and_o quench_v in_o cold_a water_n the_o heat_n do_v not_o recede_v into_o the_o other_o end_n to_o avoid_v the_o coldness_n of_o the_o water_n but_o a_o more_o convince_a experiment_n be_v that_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v suspend_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n in_o water_n when_o that_o glass_n be_v place_v in_o hot_a water_n the_o coldness_n of_o that_o in_o the_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v drive_v upon_o the_o weatherglass_n that_o the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o subside_n but_o when_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o external_n water_n be_v diffuse_v through_o the_o other_o it_o manifest_o rose_n and_o this_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o warm_a water_n in_o the_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n and_o cold_a water_n about_o that_o the_o heat_n be_v not_o more_o intense_a about_o the_o weatherglass_n but_o when_o the_o cold_a have_v diffuse_v itself_o through_o the_o warm_a water_n the_o spirit_n of_o wine_n subside_v postscript_n though_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o doctrine_n of_o antiperistasis_n be_v not_o without_o reason_n explode_v yet_o i_o shall_v suspend_v my_o judgement_n whether_o cellar_n be_v warm_a in_o the_o winter_n than_o the_o summer_n or_o not_o since_o the_o learned_a jesuit_n zucchius_n tell_v we_o that_o have_v suspend_v a_o weatherglass_n 3_o year_n in_o a_o cellar_n the_o water_n will_v rise_v in_o the_o winter_n and_o descend_v in_o the_o summer_n and_o another_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o know_v a_o well_o cold_o in_o summer_n than_o winter_n yet_o i_o be_o far_o from_o believe_v this_o observation_n universal_a since_o what_o have_v be_v say_v evince_n the_o contrary_a for_o though_o the_o superficial_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v subject_a to_o vary_v in_o their_o temperature_n as_o the_o wether_n influence_n they_o yet_o subterraneal_a cavity_n than_o be_v very_o deep_o be_v neither_o hot_a or_o cold_a in_o the_o winter_n or_o summer_n and_o though_o zucchius_n have_v undertake_v to_o measure_v it_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o weather-glass_n yet_o since_o ordinary_a weather-glass_n be_v subject_a to_o be_v influence_v by_o the_o gravity_n of_o the_o air_n as_o well_o as_o the_o heat_n and_o cold_a of_o it_o and_o since_o some_o place_n be_v full_a of_o subterraneal_a vapour_n than_o other_o and_o consequent_o the_o sudden_a ascent_n of_o exhalation_n may_v present_o increase_v the_o weight_n of_o it_o i_o think_v the_o follow_a experiment_n make_v by_o the_o
frost_n and_o tile_n of_o house_n and_o stone-building_n scale_v upon_o a_o thaw_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o north_n side_n of_o building_n first_o decay_n alabaster_n and_o marble_n that_o have_v chink_n in_o they_o usual_o break_v with_o the_o frost_n but_o solid_a marble_n do_v not_o nor_o do_v frost_n affect_v those_o stone_n or_o bituman_n which_o will_v bear_v a_o polish_v ice_n lay_v on_o a_o table_n and_o have_v salt_n strew_v upon_o it_o it_o stick_v so_o fast_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v separate_v without_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o the_o salt_n make_v its_o way_n through_o the_o ice_n down_o to_o the_o board_n but_o if_o salt_n be_v strew_v betwixt_o the_o ice_n and_o the_o board_n it_o will_v not_o be_v freeze_v to_o it_o but_o thaw_v the_o follow_a salt_n cause_v not_o so_o firm_a a_o adhesion_n as_o common_a salt_n viz._n kelp_n sandever_n sal_fw-la indus_n gem_n prunel_n armon_n and_o pot-ash_n a_o nail_n hold_v betwixt_o my_o lip_n can_v not_o be_v remove_v without_o difficulty_n and_o pain_n a_o tincture_n of_o cochineel_n with_o spirit_n of_o wine_n and_o another_o with_o a_o little_a sea-salt_n water_n be_v freeze_v throughout_o retain_v a_o equal_a colour_n in_o all_o part_n and_o so_o do_v a_o tincture_n of_o mades-weed_n and_o indigo_n a_o decoction_n of_o soot_n be_v freeze_v without_o any_o concentration_n yet_o mr._n hook_n a_o worthy_a fellow_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n have_v observe_v the_o contrary_a effect_n egg_n and_o apples-froze_a differ_v not_o in_o weight_n nor_o do_v body_n weigh_v in_o seal_a glass_n frost_n render_v wood_n iron_n steel_n and_o the_o bone_n of_o animal_n more_o friable_a in_o frosty_a wether_n especial_o in_o those_o that_o be_v taint_v with_o the_o lues_fw-la venerea_fw-la frost_n preserve_v body_n from_o putrefaction_n and_o confirm_v the_o tone_n of_o animal_n and_o fatten_v some_o it_o clear_v the_o air_n so_o that_o musty_a stone-bottle_n be_v fill_v with_o water_n and_o freeze_v after_o a_o thaw_v be_v very_o sweet_a it_o likewise_o destroy_v animal_n and_o vegetable_n so_o that_o in_o greenland_n nothing_o but_o glass_n grow_v as_o also_o in_o nova_n zembla_n ice_n the_o quality_n of_o ice_n as_o for_o the_o quality_n of_o ice_n it_o be_v slippery_a smooth_a hard_a firm_a and_o strong_a diaphanous_a interpose_v betwixt_o the_o eye_n and_o a_o candle_n appear_v in_o many_o round_a circle_n from_o whence_o proceed_v ray_n in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o star_n a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n in_o diameter_n i_o have_v see_v the_o ice_n in_o the_o thames_n eight_o inch_n thick_a and_o in_o garden-walks_a the_o earth_n freeze_v near_o two_o foot_n thick_a but_o in_o rich_a soil_n it_o do_v not_o penetrate_v above_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o quarter_n ice_n general_o swim_v but_o i_o have_v see_v snowball_n compress_v and_o moisten_v with_o water_n sink_v congeal_v oil_n of_o vitriol_n sink_v ice_n be_v cold_a than_o water_n and_o that_o quality_n be_v increase_v by_o add_v salt_n or_o snow_n it_o have_v no_o smell_n but_o check_v that_o quality_n in_o other_o body_n it_o yield_v both_o reflection_n and_o refraction_n north_n and_o north-east_n wind_n the_o absence_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o high_a part_n of_o mountain_n a_o mixture_n of_o snow_n and_o salt_n promote_v freeze_v water_n fall_v upon_o ice_n or_o snow_n freeze_v and_o a_o mixture_n of_o beat_a ice_n with_o sea-salt_n kelp_n alum_n vitriol_n or_o nitre_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n will_v promote_v freeze_v and_o if_o water_n be_v set_v upon_o such_o mixture_n it_o begin_v to_o freeze_v at_o the_o bottom_n salt_n petre_n dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o agitate_a in_o a_o cold_a season_n turn_v not_o the_o water_n into_o ice_n a_o bolt-head_n be_v place_v in_o snow_n in_o a_o pan_n though_o the_o pan_n be_v set_v on_o the_o fire_n and_o thaw_v gradual_o yet_o the_o water_n in_o the_o bolt-head_n freeze_v not_o water_n freeze_v in_o pan_n be_v set_v on_o newcastle_n coal_n in_o a_o cellar_n and_o likewise_o on_o sand_n and_o on_o the_o earthen_a floor_n they_o thaw_v in_o the_o same_o order_n and_o so_o do_v egg_n and_o apple_n a_o syphon_n may_v be_v make_v of_o ice_n through_o which_o water_n will_v run_v very_o fast_o another_o use_n which_o may_v be_v make_v of_o ice_n be_v for_o refraction_n of_o which_o mr._n hook_n have_v give_v a_o learned_a demonstration_n have_v form_v ice_n into_o various_a figure_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v the_o same_o as_o those_o mention_v by_o dioptrick_n writer_n we_o may_v likewise_o make_v a_o speculum_fw-la of_o it_o by_o hold_v a_o piece_n of_o paper_n behind_o it_o the_o learned_a bartholinus_n deliver_v the_o follow_a proposition_n of_o it_o 1._o that_o the_o more_o subtle_a distil_a spirit_n gain_v a_o clear_a splendour_n and_o elegancy_n from_o snow_n place_v about_o they_o 2._o the_o ray_n of_o snow_n new_o fall_v glitter_v and_o dazzle_v the_o eye_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o globuli_fw-la by_o which_o they_o be_v reflect_v 3._o a_o cabbage_n putrify_v in_o that_o part_n which_o be_v above_o the_o snow_n and_o i_o have_v observe_v great_a housleek_n or_o american_n aloe_n destroy_v by_o cold_a in_o a_o upper_a room_n and_o sea-onion_n as_o well_o as_o common_a onion_n will_v be_v putrify_v by_o the_o cold._n 4._o snow_n yield_v vapour_n plentiful_o when_o melt_v by_o the_o sunbeam_n 5._o it_o melt_v and_o fall_v off_o from_o ivy._n 6._o it_o contain_v a_o little_a earth_n in_o it_o which_o i_o have_v find_v true_a by_o evaporation_n 7._o viscosity_n with_o softness_n be_v great_a in_o new_a than_o old_a snow_n 8._o watercress_n and_o scurvygrass_n will_v grow_v under_o snow_n in_o garden_n but_o i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v they_o be_v at_o a_o perfect_a stand_n the_o nutritious_a juice_n be_v congeal_v 9_o air_n be_v include_v in_o snow_n whites_n of_o egg_n be_v beat_v into_o a_o frothy_a consistence_n and_o this_o be_v lay_v on_o a_o trencher_n soon_o appear_v to_o be_v snow_n a_o pail_n be_v fill_v with_o warm_a water_n and_o hair_n moss_n and_o a_o piece_n of_o rosemary_n hang_v over_o it_o the_o rise_a vapour_n stick_v to_o they_o form_v a_o hoar-frost_n and_o the_o like_a be_v observe_v on_o the_o beard_n of_o man_n and_o the_o hair_n of_o other_o animal_n 10._o snow_n abound_v with_o fat_n 11._o snow_n with_o ice_n swim_v on_o water_n 12._o snow-water_n boil_v meat_n soon_o and_o make_v flesh_n white_a i_o can_v not_o find_v that_o this_o bold_v in_o fish_n or_o flesh_n 13._o snow_n new_o fall_v have_v no_o taste_n but_o when_o it_o have_v lie_v on_o the_o ground_n it_o bite_v the_o tongue_n this_o i_o can_v not_o discern_v 14._o worm_n be_v sometime_o find_v in_o snow_n i_o can_v never_o observe_v this_o 15._o a_o strong_a salt_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o snow_n by_o a_o peculiar_a art_n 16._o after_o much_o snow_n plenty_n of_o nut_n it_o sometime_o fail_v the_o duke_n of_o tuscany_n distil_v a_o spirit_n from_o wine_n only_o by_o put_v snow_n upon_o the_o alembick_a and_o the_o duke_n of_o mantua_n have_v a_o powder_n which_o will_v freeze_v water_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o summer_n weather-glass_n be_v frame_v after_o the_o italian_a mode_n and_o in_o part_n fill_v with_o tinged_a spirit_n of_o wine_n i_o place_v one_o of_o they_o in_o a_o northwest_n window_n and_o the_o other_o in_o mr._n pullyn_n warehouse_n under_o st._n paul_n church_n in_o the_o warm_a place_n the_o spirit_n of_o both_o when_o they_o be_v settle_v on_o the_o fifteen_o of_o octob._n 62._o have_v the_o altitude_n of_o three_o inch_n and_o when_o that_o in_o my_o study-window_n be_v depress_v a_o inch_n that_o in_o the_o cellar_n receive_v no_o manifest_a alteration_n but_o when_o the_o other_o be_v depress_v two_o inch_n it_o subsided_a ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n which_o be_v the_o low_a station_n it_o subside_v to_o all_o winter_n and_o in_o april_n follow_v it_o rise_v not_o above_o the_o three_o inch_n it_o first_o stand_v at_o above_o ¼_n of_o a_o inch_n though_o that_o in_o my_o study_n be_v raise_v four_o inch_n ¼_n in_o this_o cellar_n liquor_n that_o be_v freeze_v above_o ground_n will_v be_v thaw_v in_o the_o morning_n the_o spirit_n in_o the_o glass_n above_o ground_n subside_v into_o the_o ball_n after_o two_o day_n hard_a frost_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o cellar_n be_v not_o hot_a in_o winter_n than_o summer_n one_o thing_n observable_a be_v that_o the_o tinged_a spirit_n have_v lose_v its_o colour_n in_o the_o cellar_n in_o january_n a_o pint-bottle_n of_o claret_n a_o glass-cane_n fill_v with_o canary_n a_o solution_n of_o sal_fw-la gem._n train-oyl_n and_o the_o oil_n of_o fructus_fw-la musae_fw-la in_o a_o night_n time_n be_v all_o freeze_v except_o the_o shall_v gem_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o which_o
in_o both_o successive_o and_o the_o salt_n itself_o be_v cast_v into_o water_n scarce_o make_v it_o sensible_o cold_a nor_o do_v the_o glass_n wherein_o this_o salt_n be_v keep_v disclose_v any_o remarkable_a degree_n of_o coldness_n and_o even_o the_o frigorifick_a mixture_n itself_o when_o the_o ebullition_n be_v over_o appear_v not_o cold_a than_o common_a water_n in_o a_o night_n time_n so_o that_o the_o coldness_n depend_v pure_o upon_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o ferment_a liquor_n and_o to_o this_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o though_o i_o make_v use_v of_o a_o spirit_n that_o be_v draw_v off_o at_o the_o same_o time_n with_o this_o salt_n and_o which_o in_o the_o judgement_n of_o my_o sense_n appear_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o kind_n yet_o instead_o of_o a_o cold_a ebullition_n it_o produce_v a_o lukewarm_a heat_n and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v further_o subjoin_v that_o though_o the_o liquor_n above_o mention_v will_v produce_v a_o cold_a ferment_n with_o the_o dry_a salt_n yet_o with_o the_o spirit_n it_o grow_v warm_a though_o some_o of_o the_o same_o frigorifick_a spirit_n keep_v warm_a by_o the_o fire_n till_o the_o liquor_n in_o the_o weatherglass_n rise_v yet_o upon_o the_o inject_n of_o some_o of_o the_o dry_a salt_n it_o will_v be_v manifest_o depress_v nay_o though_o the_o spirit_n and_o salt_n be_v both_o warm_a yet_o upon_o their_o mixture_n they_o will_v produce_v a_o manifest_a coldness_n and_o to_o this_o experiment_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o salt_n of_o tartar_n mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n produce_v upon_o their_o ebullition_n a_o degree_n of_o coldness_n great_a than_o that_o of_o water_n and_o when_o a_o weatherglass_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o water_n into_o it_o a_o hour_n after_o the_o ferment_n the_o spirit_n be_v depress_v about_o half_a a_o inch_n though_o salt_n of_o pot-ash_n mix_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n produce_v heat_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o same_o weatherglass_n successive_o immerse_v in_o either_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o mechanical_a origin_n or_o production_n of_o heat_n heat_n of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o heat_n heat_v be_v a_o quality_n who_o nature_n seem_v to_o consist_v in_o a_o mechanical_a motion_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n say_v to_o be_v hot_a it_o may_v be_v requisite_a to_o note_v that_o the_o three_o follow_a condition_n be_v necessary_a in_o modify_v that_o motion_n first_o that_o the_o motion_n be_v more_o rapid_a than_o in_o body_n bare_o fluid_a so_o water_n become_v hot_a by_o a_o increase_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n which_o argue_v their_o vehement_a motion_n by_o dissolve_v butter_n and_o rise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o vapour_n which_o effect_n be_v more_o conspicuous_a as_o the_o degree_n of_o motion_n be_v great_a or_o less_o another_o instance_n to_o show_v that_o the_o part_n of_o hot_a water_n be_v in_o a_o more_o violent_a agitation_n than_o those_o of_o cold_a be_v in_o water_n cast_v upon_o a_o hot_a iron_n for_o they_o present_o acquire_v such_o a_o additional_a motion_n from_o that_o hot_a body_n that_o it_o hiss_v and_o boil_v yield_v steam_n copious_o but_o a_o strong_a instance_n of_o the_o vehement_a agitation_n of_o the_o part_n of_o hot_a body_n be_v in_o actual_a flame_n since_o they_o move_v so_o impetuous_o as_o to_o dissolve_v and_o shatter_v whatever_o lie_v in_o their_o way_n a_o second_o condition_n requisite_a to_o render_v a_o body_n hot_a be_v that_o the_o motion_n of_o its_o part_n be_v various_o determine_v which_o variety_n of_o determination_n be_v apparent_a in_o fire_n which_o produce_v the_o same_o effect_n on_o the_o same_o body_n whatsoever_o be_v their_o situation_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o fire_n so_o a_o red_a coal_n melt_v wax_n whether_o hold_v above_o below_z or_o on_o one_o side_n of_o it_o and_o that_o a_o various_o determine_v motion_n be_v requisite_a appear_v if_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o rapid_a motion_n of_o water_n in_o a_o river_n which_o be_v only_o one_o way_n contribute_v not_o to_o the_o increase_n of_o its_o heat_n a_o three_o requisite_a be_v that_o the_o part_n in_o such_o a_o motion_n shall_v be_v very_a minute_n so_o as_o to_o be_v insensible_a since_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o though_o sand_n be_v put_v into_o a_o violent_a motion_n it_o acquire_v not_o a_o heat_n by_o it_o this_o account_n of_o heat_n be_v consider_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o a_o body_n may_v become_v hot_a as_o many_o way_n as_o it_o be_v capable_a of_o have_v its_o part_n put_v into_o such_o a_o motion_n to_o illustrate_v which_o observation_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v some_o instance_n of_o the_o production_n of_o heat_n several_a way_n as_o first_o by_o a_o effusion_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n upon_o salt_n of_o tartar_n aq._n fortis_fw-la upon_o silver_n but_o to_o pass_v over_o these_o common_a instance_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o some_o not_o so_o frequent_o know_v have_v first_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o heat_n which_o succeed_v a_o effusion_n of_o cold_a water_n upon_o quicklime_n which_o phaenomenon_n though_o it_o be_v common_o hold_v to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o a_o antiperistasis_n upon_o the_o enclosure_n of_o the_o lime_n in_o cold_a water_n yet_o that_o the_o effect_n be_v produce_v by_o another_o cause_n appear_v since_o the_o like_a succeed_v if_o hot_a water_n be_v make_v use_n of_o instead_o of_o cold_a and_o further_o because_o though_o oil_n of_o turpentine_n be_v pour_v on_o it_o cold_a no_o such_o effect_n follow_v experiment_n i._n though_o helmont_n ascribe_v the_o incalescence_n of_o quicklime_n upon_o a_o affusion_n of_o water_n to_o a_o conflict_n of_o a_o alkalizate_n and_o a_o acid_a salt_n set_v at_o liberty_n by_o be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o water_n yet_o since_o no_o such_o acid_n appear_v to_o be_v latent_fw-la in_o quicklime_n the_o account_n be_v unsatisfactory_a for_o i_o may_v as_o well_o suppose_v a_o acid_n latent_fw-la in_o other_o alkaly_n in_o as_o much_o as_o salt_n of_o tartar_n mix_v with_o water_n either_o in_o the_o palm_n of_o one_o hand_n or_o in_o a_o vial_n afford_v a_o sensible_a heat_n experiment_n two_o iii_o iu_o other_o think_v that_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o heat_n of_o quicklime_n proceed_v from_o some_o fiery_a empyrumatical_a atom_n lodge_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o stone_n when_o calcine_v and_o set_v at_o liberty_n in_o the_o form_n of_o effluvia_fw-la but_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v not_o without_o some_o difficulty_n since_o no_o such_o heat_n succeed_v a_o affusion_n of_o water_n upon_o minium_n or_o crocus_n martis_n per_fw-la se_fw-la though_o their_o increase_n of_o weight_n argue_v that_o they_o be_v stuff_v with_o fiery_a and_o metalline_a particle_n to_o which_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o know_v two_o liquor_n which_o be_v several_a time_n separate_v and_o reconjoin_v without_o addition_n do_v at_o each_o congress_n acquire_v a_o sensible_a heat_n so_o salt_n of_o tartar_n several_a time_n free_v from_o water_n water_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o water_n will_v produce_v heat_n when_o mix_v again_o with_o that_o water_n which_o show_v that_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v not_o requisite_a to_o impress_v upon_o all_o calcine_v body_n that_o will_v heat_n with_o water_n what_o pass_v for_o a_o empyreum_fw-la and_o this_o phaenomenon_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o believe_v proceed_v from_o a_o disposition_n of_o the_o texture_n of_o the_o salt_n be_v stock_v with_o store_n of_o igneous_a part_n which_o upon_o a_o ingress_n of_o water_n press_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o body_n by_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o atmosphere_n be_v apt_a to_o break_v the_o texture_n of_o that_o body_n and_o to_o put_v they_o in_o motion_n so_o as_o to_o produce_v a_o sensible_a heat_n and_o that_o the_o ferment_n depend_v upon_o the_o peculiar_a texture_n of_o the_o salt_n i_o be_o persuade_v and_o a_o constipation_n of_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o since_o sal-armon_a dissolve_v in_o water_n and_o boil_v to_o a_o dry_a salt_n be_v not_o so_o much_o impregnate_v with_o fiery_a part_n as_o to_o cause_v a_o heat_n upon_o its_o mixture_n with_o water_n again_o but_o a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o cold_a and_o though_o one_o will_v expect_v a_o great_a cognation_n betwixt_o the_o particle_n of_o fire_n adhere_v to_o quicklime_n and_o spirit_n of_o wine_n whole_o inflammable_a yet_o the_o latter_a pour_v upon_o the_o former_a do_v not_o produce_v any_o sensible_a incalescence_n or_o dissolution_n of_o it_o and_o when_o this_o spirit_n be_v soak_v into_o it_o i_o pour_v water_n upon_o it_o without_o perceive_v the_o least_o heat_n or_o the_o lime_n break_v till_o within_o a_o few_o hour_n after_o so_o that_o the_o spirit_n be_v suck_v into_o the_o most_o capacious_a pore_n of_o the_o lime_n and_o associate_a with_o the_o water_n render_v it_o more_o unfit_a to_o
water_n turn_v syrup_n of_o violet_n green_a and_o ferment_v with_o acid_n 4._o some_o of_o this_o liquor_n be_v contain_v in_o a_o vial_n and_o convey_v into_o our_o pneumatick_a engine_n though_o the_o air_n can_v not_o be_v so_o far_o exhaust_v but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o sufficient_a quantity_n leave_v behind_o to_o kindle_v the_o flame_n yet_o the_o commotion_n occasion_v by_o pump_v will_v be_v as_o if_o it_o be_v ventilate_v or_o blow_v up_o and_o make_v to_o shine_v more_o vivid_o and_o a_o piece_n of_o paper_n moisten_v with_o this_o liquor_n be_v convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n though_o by_o the_o commotion_n of_o the_o receiver_n the_o flame_n seem_v to_o be_v still_o increase_v yet_o in_o those_o part_n betwixt_o the_o fold_n it_o appear_v to_o be_v much_o less_o than_o in_o the_o open_a air_n and_o though_o when_o moist_a air_n be_v let_v in_o again_o the_o flame_n be_v extinguish_v yet_o upon_o a_o removal_n of_o the_o receiver_n when_o the_o paper_n be_v expose_v to_o the_o open_a air_n it_o renew_v its_o flame_n 5._o some_o of_o this_o liquor_n be_v at_o the_o first_o filter_v the_o substance_n remain_v in_o the_o filtre_n be_v enclose_v with_o it_o in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n it_o become_v luminous_a when_o expose_v to_o the_o air._n and_o another_o piece_n of_o paper_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o another_o glass_n when_o it_o be_v spread_v open_a in_o a_o dark_a place_n several_a flash_n spring_v out_o incessant_o and_o successive_o first_o in_o one_o place_n then_o in_o another_o and_o be_v not_o only_o various_a in_o their_o figure_n but_o have_v frequent_a emication_n and_o tremble_n 6._o some_o of_o this_o luciferous_a matter_n be_v dissolve_v in_o a_o aqueous_a liquor_n which_o be_v transparent_a when_o it_o be_v settle_v though_o a_o moderate_a agitation_n will_v not_o produce_v light_n in_o it_o yet_o be_v set_v in_o a_o sand-heat_n in_o a_o bolt-head_n till_o the_o ball_n be_v too_o hot_a to_o be_v touch_v with_o one_o hand_n i_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v remove_v into_o a_o dark_a place_n and_o find_v that_o it_o have_v acquire_v a_o manifest_a luminousness_n and_o the_o liquor_n be_v various_o agitate_a and_o break_v several_a flake_n of_o light_n ascend_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o stem_n and_o when_o the_o liquor_n be_v agitate_a till_o it_o be_v spread_v over_o the_o inside_n of_o the_o ball_n and_o part_n of_o the_o stem_n it_o be_v adorn_v with_o luciferous_a part_n of_o matter_n which_o twinkle_v like_o so_o many_o star_n and_o descend_v in_o line_n some_o of_o which_o be_v very_o oblique_a and_o pleasant_a 7._o once_o i_o observe_v that_o when_o the_o liquor_n contain_v in_o a_o bolt-glass_n be_v not_o very_o hot_a have_v give_v it_o a_o rude_a shake_n a_o spark_n rise_v on_o one_o side_n and_o spread_v all_o over_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o ball._n and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v observe_v i_o shall_v add_v that_o some_o of_o this_o liquor_n be_v have_v be_v hermetical_o seal_v up_o it_o retain_v its_o luciferous_a quality_n a_o long_a time_n 8._o the_o way_n to_o make_v the_o phosphorus_n balduini_n be_v the_o follow_v viz._n have_v dissolve_v fine_a white_a chalk_n in_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n or_o clean_a aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la it_o must_v be_v filter_v through_o cap-paper_n and_o the_o clear_a solution_n be_v to_o be_v evaporate_v till_o there_o remain_v a_o dry_a substance_n which_o be_v spread_v over_o the_o inside_n of_o a_o round_a vessel_n which_o will_v endure_v the_o fire_n you_o be_v to_o give_v it_o a_o peculiar_a degree_n of_o heat_n and_o which_o common_o require_v a_o convenient_a shape_a vessel_n whereby_o the_o flame_n or_o heat_n may_v be_v reverberate_v till_o the_o matter_n have_v acquire_v a_o disposition_n to_o retain_v light_a and_o then_o the_o vessel_n must_v be_v cover_v with_o a_o glass_n or_o fine_a crystal_n cover_n to_o keep_v it_o from_o the_o outward_a air._n 10._o the_o process_n which_o we_o take_v to_o make_v our_o airy_a noctiluca_n be_v the_o follow_v we_o take_v a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o putrify_a urine_n which_o be_v distil_v till_o all_o the_o spirituous_a part_n be_v draw_v off_o after_o which_o the_o superfluous_a moisture_n be_v also_o abstract_v till_o the_o remain_a substance_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o consistence_n of_o a_o thick_a syrup_n which_o be_v well_o incorporate_v with_o three_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o white_a sand_n the_o mixture_n be_v put_v into_o a_o strong_a retort_n to_o which_o a_o large_a receiver_n be_v join_v in_o a_o good_a measure_n fill_v with_o water_n then_o the_o two_o vessel_n be_v careful_o lute_v together_o and_o a_o naked_a fire_n be_v gradual_o administer_v for_o five_o or_o six_o hour_n that_o the_o phlegmatic_a or_o volatile_a part_n may_v come_v over_o first_o when_o this_o be_v do_v the_o fire_n be_v increase_v and_o at_o the_o length_n for_o five_o or_o six_o hour_n make_v as_o strong_a and_o intense_a as_o the_o furnace_n be_v capable_a of_o give_v by_o which_o mean_v good_a store_n of_o white_a fume_n come_v over_o almost_o like_o those_o that_o appear_v in_o the_o distillation_n of_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n which_o when_o they_o be_v pass_v and_o the_o receiver_n grow_v clear_a they_o be_v after_o a_o while_n succeed_v by_o another_o sort_n which_o seem_v in_o the_o receiver_n to_o give_v a_o faint_a blueish_a light_n almost_o like_o that_o of_o little_a burn_a match_n dip_v in_o sulphur_n and_o last_o of_o all_o the_o fire_n be_v very_o vehement_a a_o more_o ponderous_a substance_n pass_v over_o which_o fall_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n which_o be_v take_v out_o appear_v to_o be_v luciferous_a but_o whether_o the_o shine_a faculty_n depend_v on_o the_o volatile_a and_o spirituous_a part_n of_o this_o animal_n liquor_n or_o of_o the_o fix_a salt_n and_o ponderous_a fetid_a oil_n i_o shall_v not_o determine_v till_o further_a satisfy_v by_o observation_n a_o appendix_n to_o the_o aeerial_a noctiluca_n 1._o some_o luciferous_a matter_n that_o have_v a_o long_a time_n lose_v its_o shine_a faculty_n be_v heat_v by_o the_o fire_n present_o shine_v vivid_o enough_o and_o continue_v to_o do_v so_o whilst_o it_o be_v sufficient_o warm_a but_o in_o a_o few_o week_n it_o likewise_o lose_v this_o disposition_n of_o heat_n and_o though_o some_o consistent_a matter_n have_v lose_v its_o power_n of_o shine_v yet_o the_o superficies_n be_v take_v off_o the_o matter_n that_o lie_v under_o it_o rub_v upon_o my_o hand_n will_v present_o become_v luminous_a 2._o though_o this_o luminous_a matter_n be_v not_o feculent_a yet_o it_o usual_o leave_v some_o of_o its_o gummy_a part_n stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o vial_n which_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o heat_n the_o vial_n or_o if_o it_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o agitate_a in_o another_o vessel_n for_o by_o that_o mean_n the_o part_n be_v rub_v one_o against_o another_o and_o various_o place_v with_o their_o side_n upward_o and_o downward_o they_o will_v every_o way_n diffuse_v a_o clear_a light_n 3._o a_o twelve_o part_n of_o a_o vial_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o liquid_a phosphorus_n of_o another_o kind_n so_o that_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o air_n may_v be_v contain_v in_o it_o it_o continue_v to_o shine_v without_o unstop_v the_o vial._n and_o i_o sometime_o observe_v several_a exhalation_n like_o cloud_n or_o aggregate_n of_o smoak_n to_o roll_v to_o and_o fro_o in_o the_o cavity_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o will_v grow_v much_o more_o lucid_a upon_o shake_v the_o vial._n 4._o when_o it_o have_v lose_v its_o light_n for_o some_o time_n it_o fill_v the_o cavity_n of_o the_o vial_n when_o unstopped_a with_o fume_n which_o like_o those_o of_o the_o other_o noctiluca_n appear_v white_a in_o the_o light_n and_o luminous_a in_o the_o dark_a a_o bolt-head_n half_a full_a of_o this_o luminous_a matter_n be_v seal_v up_o hermetical_o it_o continue_v luminous_a six_o day_n and_o night_n and_o when_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o liquor_n be_v pour_v off_o the_o remain_a sediment_n be_v spread_v about_o the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n by_o invert_v it_o they_o appear_v like_o so_o many_o bright_a twinkle_a star_n in_o a_o clear_a night_n chap._n xxv_o new_a phenomena_n exhibit_v by_o a_o icy_a noctiluca_n or_o a_o solid_a self-shining_a substance_n and_o first_o some_o quality_n of_o the_o noctiluca_n itself_o noctiluca_n some_o quality_n of_o the_o noctiluca_n have_v by_o a_o method_n not_o unlike_o that_o take_v to_o produce_v the_o aerial_a noctiluca_n obtain_v the_o follow_a quality_n in_o it_o and_o first_o it_o come_v over_o in_o distillation_n in_o little_a grain_n of_o different_a shape_v and_o size_n and_o most_o common_o irregular_a be_v void_a of_o colour_n and_o when_o hold_v against_o the_o light_n transparent_a and_o the_o great_a piece_n look_v so_o like_o ice_n
mace_n as_o with_o oil_n of_o cinnamon_n yet_o upon_o further_a trial_n i_o find_v that_o it_o succeed_v and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v on_o this_o subject_a i_o shall_v further_o add_v when_o the_o noctiluca_n be_v whole_o consume_v to_o a_o caput_n mortuum_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v turn_v with_o the_o other_o side_n upward_o it_o will_v immediate_o take_v fire_n afresh_o the_o work_n of_o the_o honourable_a robert_n boil_v esq_n epitomise_v book_n v._o part_n i._n chap._n i._n new_a experiment_n of_o the_o positive_a or_o relative_n levity_n of_o body_n under_o water_n body_n argument_n against_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o emerge_a body_n when_o any_o body_n that_o be_v light_a in_o specie_fw-la than_o water_n be_v immerse_v in_o it_o and_o upon_o the_o removal_n of_o that_o force_n which_o depress_v it_o it_o rise_v again_o it_o be_v usual_o attribute_v to_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o that_o body_n but_o since_o the_o instance_n of_o wood_n emerge_v be_v that_o which_o be_v usual_o offer_v as_o a_o argument_n to_o it_o i_o shall_v answer_v that_o wood_n be_v a_o body_n full_a of_o pore_n except_o some_o which_o will_v not_o swim_v in_o water_n and_o upon_o that_o account_n specifical_o light_a than_o water_n the_o water_n by_o the_o pressure_n of_o that_o which_o be_v incumbent_n get_v betwixt_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o vessel_n and_o the_o body_n immerse_v cause_v it_o to_o rise_v the_o water_n which_o succeed_v it_o in_o its_o place_n make_v a_o more_o powerful_a pressure_n against_o it_o than_o its_o specific_a gravity_n enable_v it_o to_o resist_v and_o that_o body_n specifical_o light_a than_o water_n will_v be_v thus_o buoy_v up_o by_o it_o will_v appear_v from_o the_o hydrostatical_a paradox_n hereafter_o to_o be_v lay_v down_o and_o though_o it_o be_v usual_o urge_v that_o the_o body_n imimmerse_v be_v too_o close_o contiguous_a to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o vessel_n for_o the_o water_n to_o insinuate_v themselves_o betwixt_o yet_o from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o be_v the_o contiguous_a surface_n so_o close_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o the_o wood_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v it_o for_o two_o black_a marble_n be_v so_o exact_o polish_v as_o to_o be_v as_o contiguous_a as_o possible_o they_o may_v we_o tie_v a_o bladder_n full_a of_o air_n to_o the_o uppermost_a and_o then_o cause_v they_o both_o to_o be_v immerse_v in_o water_n the_o positive_a levity_n of_o the_o bladder_n will_v not_o cause_v the_o bladder_n to_o rise_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o by_o a_o servant_n the_o uppermost_a marble_n be_v gradual_o slip_v half_a off_o the_o polish_a surface_n of_o the_o low_a the_o water_n which_o before_o be_v not_o able_a to_o insinuate_v itself_o betwixt_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o contiguous_a marble_n and_o to_o separate_v they_o present_o cause_v the_o bladder_n to_o rise_v with_o a_o considerable_a swiftness_n and_o force_n above_o the_o surface_n of_o 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not_o vary_a but_o only_o its_o relative_a and_o respective_a weight_n in_o reference_n to_o its_o proportion_n of_o water_n and_o that_o rarefaction_n alter_v not_o the_o positive_a levity_n of_o body_n may_v appear_v from_o the_o follow_a experiment_n for_o have_v oil_v a_o bladder_n and_o when_o the_o air_n be_v express_v tie_v it_o to_o the_o neck_n of_o a_o vial_n i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o exhaust_a receiver_n though_o the_o air_n in_o the_o vial_n be_v so_o far_o expanded_a as_o to_o fill_v the_o whole_a capacity_n of_o the_o bladder_n yet_o the_o vial_n neither_o rose_n high_o nor_o subsidede_v low_a when_o the_o air_n be_v draw_v out_o or_o let_v in_o again_o chap._n ii_o new_a experiment_n about_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n on_o body_n under_o water_n water_n the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n be_v spring_n on_o body_n under_o water_n to_o show_v that_o the_o spring_n and_o weight_n of_o the_o air_n have_v manifest_a effect_n on_o body_n separate_v from_o a_o immediate_a contact_n by_o the_o interposition_n of_o water_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a experiment_n experiment_n ii_o we_o lute_v the_o neck_n of_o a_o vial_n which_o be_v capable_a of_o contain_v above_o a_o point_n of_o water_n upon_o that_o pipe_n which_o convey_v air_n out_o of_o the_o receiver_n into_o the_o pump_n which_o be_v do_v we_o whelm_v over_o this_o receiver_n our_o large_a one_o and_o have_v pour_v in_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o water_n we_o close_v it_o up_o with_o the_o turn-key_n that_o no_o air_n may_v get_v out_o that_o way_n and_o then_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v out_o of_o the_o vial_n if_o fly_v into_o a_o great_a many_o piece_n the_o side_n of_o the_o glass_n be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n that_o lie_v upon_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o water_n in_o the_o large_a receiver_n experiment_n ii_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o air_n be_v squeeze_v out_o of_o a_o bladder_n and_o the_o bladder_n tie_v to_o a_o weight_n which_o keep_v it_o something_o below_o the_o surface_n of_o water_n contain_v in_o a_o wide-mouthed_a glass_n this_o be_v convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n the_o air_n in_o the_o bladder_n expanded_a as_o the_o air_n on_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o water_n be_v extract_v experiment_n iii_o a_o brass_n plug_n be_v fit_v to_o a_o cylinder_n which_o be_v close_v with_o a_o plate_n of_o the_o same_o metal_n at_o one_o end_n we_o put_v a_o bladder_n half_o blow_v into_o the_o cylinder_n and_o place_v the_o plug_n upon_o it_o with_o a_o weight_n of_o a_o conical_a figure_n upon_o that_o we_o pour_v so_o much_o water_n into_o the_o receiver_n in_o which_o it_o be_v place_v as_o cover_v the_o top_n of_o the_o conical_a weight_n but_o leave_v the_o ring_n which_o be_v fix_v to_o the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o which_o be_v fasten_v to_o the_o turn-key_n by_o the_o help_n of_o a_o string_n and_o thing_n be_v thus_o order_v when_o the_o air_n above_o the_o water_n be_v considerable_o exhaust_v the_o spring_n of_o the_o air_n in_o the_o cylinder_n raise_v the_o plugg_n and_o weight_n a_o considerable_a height_n though_o the_o whole_a weight_n amount_v to_o twenty_o eight_o pound_n experiment_n iu._n a_o glass_n vial_n be_v close_v with_o cement_n and_o immerse_v in_o a_o deep_a brass_n cylinder_n of_o water_n this_o be_v convey_v into_o our_o receiver_n and_o when_o the_o air_n which_o press_v upon_o the_o water_n be_v draw_v off_o the_o vial_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o water_n be_v violent_o shatter_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o spring_n of_o the_o include_v air_n for_o want_v of_o a_o sufficient_a pressure_n of_o the_o air_n incumbent_a on_o the_o water_n to_o resist_v the_o force_n of_o that_o spring_n experiment_n v._n to_o show_v that_o the_o expansion_n
but_o whether_o marcasite_n may_v be_v of_o use_n in_o graduate_a gold_n or_o not_o i_o shall_v leave_v to_o other_o to_o be_v consider_v there_o be_v this_o advertisement_n which_o i_o must_v not_o omit_v and_o it_o be_v that_o though_o some_o be_v use_v to_o employ_v flux_n powder_n indiffent_o without_o understand_v the_o difference_n of_o they_o i_o have_v try_v that_o lead_v over_o be_v flux_v with_o file_n of_o mars_n afford_v a_o large_a quantity_n of_o metal_n than_o with_o a_o due_a proportion_n of_o nitre_n and_o tartar_n fulminate_v together_o but_o one_o part_n of_o good_a native_a cinnabar_fw-la fine_o powder_v be_v mix_v with_o a_o fix_a alkaly_n of_o tartar_n and_o the_o other_o with_o a_o different_a flux_n powder_n we_o obtain_v twice_o as_o much_o mercury_n from_o the_o former_a as_o we_o do_v from_o the_o latter_a though_o it_o be_v likewise_o a_o fix_a alkaly_n of_o a_o mineral_n nature_n some_o observation_n about_o native_a gold_n gold_n observation_n about_o 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over_o in_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v altogether_o incapable_a of_o be_v calcine_v though_o keep_v in_o a_o crucible_n red_a hot_a for_o some_o hour_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v dissolve_v in_o acid_n menstruum_n as_o spar_n of_o lead_n over_o may_v a_o piece_n of_o spar_n in_o which_o but_o little_a gold_n be_v contain_v be_v weigh_v in_o water_n be_v to_o its_o proportion_n as_o 2_o 65_o 100_o to_o 1_o which_o be_v but_o little_a above_o the_o weight_n of_o common_a marble_n but_o though_o there_o be_v such_o a_o thing_n as_o true_a gold_n over_o yet_o i_o will_v not_o discourage_v mineralist_n from_o seek_v it_o in_o vein_n of_o other_o mineral_n since_o it_o have_v be_v find_v not_o only_o in_o copper_n mine_n but_o vein_n of_o tin_n and_o lead_n for_o in_o a_o place_n in_o scotland_n several_a grain_n of_o native_a gold_n have_v be_v find_v near_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o ground_n over_o lead_v mine_n some_o piece_n of_o which_o be_v weigh_v hydrostatical_o one_o piece_n of_o scotch_a gold_n which_o be_v native_a and_o free_a from_o adhere_v spar_n weigh_v three_o drachm_n twenty_o one_o grain_n and_o another_o which_o have_v spar_n stick_v to_o it_o weigh_v three_o drachm_n three_o grain_n and_o a_o three_o of_o scotch_a gold_n weigh_v in_o air_n forty_o three_o grain_n in_o water_n thirty_o nine_o difference_n 3_o ×_o 1_o â—_o proport_n 12_o ×_o â—_o â—_o to_o one_o but_o to_o distinguish_v pure_a gold_n from_o impure_a we_o be_v to_o note_v that_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o fine_a according_a to_o mersennus_n be_v as_o eighteen_o to_o one_o of_o water_n but_o according_a to_o we_o as_o nineteen_o to_o one_o so_o that_o as_o it_o come_v more_o or_o less_o short_a of_o that_o standard_n we_o be_v to_o estimate_v its_o purity_n and_o thus_o by_o weigh_v gold_n hydrostatical_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v that_o sand-gold_n which_o be_v bring_v from_o africa_n or_o that_o from_o guinea_n from_o adulterate_a for_o have_v once_o weigh_v a_o small_a parcel_n of_o good_a the_o weight_n of_o that_o will_v be_v a_o standard_n to_o distinguish_v the_o bad_a by_o but_o since_o a_o great_a many_o ignorant_a seaman_n be_v concern_v in_o buy_v gold_n who_o understand_v not_o how_o to_o examine_v it_o hydrostatical_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v the_o follow_a method_n to_o distinguish_v it_o chemical_o viz._n by_o mix_v a_o few_o grain_n with_o aq._n fortis_fw-la spirit_n of_o fermented_a urine_n or_o spirit_n of_o hartshorn_n for_o if_o it_o be_v adulterate_v with_o copper_n or_o brass_n a_o few_o grain_n lay_v upon_o paper_n and_o moisten_v with_o this_o will_v be_v tinge_v bluish_a green_n and_o even_o rank_a urine_n will_v be_v able_a to_o extract_v a_o blue_a tincture_n from_o brass_n if_o make_v use_v of_o instead_o of_o the_o aforementioned_a spirit_n and_o the_o like_a success_n will_v happen_v with_o salarmoniack_a dissolve_v in_o water_n there_o be_v in_o england_n such_o a_o great_a variety_n of_o stone_n that_o it_o will_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o examine_v they_o hydrostatical_o and_o to_o compare_v they_o with_o crystal_n for_o i_o have_v find_v near_o the_o high_a road_n a_o eagle-stone_n which_o be_v not_o suspect_v to_o be_v of_o english_a growth_n and_o i_o find_v a_o kind_n of_o magnesia_n near_o a_o potter_n workhouse_n which_o he_o afterward_o make_v use_n of_o to_o glaze_v his_o pot_n and_o i_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o mineral_n substance_n which_o though_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v know_v of_o what_o kind_a it_o be_v yet_o i_o soon_o discover_v it_o to_o abound_v with_o vitriol_n and_o that_o it_o will_v yield_v it_o much_o more_o plentiful_o than_o the_o vitriol-stone_n find_v near_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n or_o those_o make_a use_n of_o at_o the_o vitriol-works_a near_o deptford_n and_o elsewhere_o and_o ore_n of_o bismuth_n have_v be_v discover_v by_o a_o heedful_a eye_n when_o common_a miner_n know_v not_o what_o kind_n of_o substance_n it_o be_v when_o they_o dig_v it_o up_o but_o this_o hydrostatical_a way_n of_o estimate_v oar_n may_v not_o only_o be_v make_v of_o use_n in_o judge_v of_o mineral_n substance_n but_o those_o earth_n which_o be_v the_o womb_n of_o they_o since_o though_o they_o can_v be_v suspend_v by_o a_o hair_n as_o solid_a grain_n of_o ore_n yet_o a_o jar_n may_v be_v counterpoise_v in_o water_n and_o then_o be_v fill_v with_o such_o earth_n the_o weight_n of_o they_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o first_o counterpoise_v they_o in_o the_o air_n and_o then_o have_v first_o wet_v they_o with_o water_n and_o convey_v they_o into_o the_o water_n in_o that_o hydrostatical_a bucket_n and_o that_o this_o hydrostatical_a way_n of_o weigh_v earth_n may_v be_v of_o use_n appear_v since_o it_o have_v not_o only_o be_v observe_v that_o a_o red_a mud_n which_o lie_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o water_n abound_v with_o iron_n plentiful_o but_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o same_o in_o a_o english_a ochre_n and_o i_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o diamond_n as_o well_o as_o gold_n have_v be_v find_v in_o a_o red_a kind_n of_o soyl._n and_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o england_n curious_o figure_v crystal_n lodge_v in_o a_o soil_n of_o a_o red_a colour_n and_o it_o may_v not_o only_o be_v of_o use_n to_o weigh_v divers_a sort_n of_o earth_n in_o our_o bucket_n but_o also_o several_a sort_n of_o sand_n since_o by_o a_o microscope_n i_o have_v discern_v several_a grain_n to_o appear_v as_o if_o they_o be_v make_v of_o a_o aggregate_v of_o granate_n and_o i_o have_v experience_v not_o only_o hydrostatical_o that_o that_o black_a sand_n which_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o london_n contain_v good_a store_n of_o particle_n of_o a_o martial_a nature_n but_o i_o have_v likewise_o be_v convince_v by_o flux_v it_o and_o by_o cast_v it_o whilst_o it_o be_v melt_v into_o the_o conical_a part_n of_o a_o crucible_n and_o i_o further_o observe_v that_o â…ž_n of_o it_o will_v be_v attract_v by_o a_o powerful_a loadstone_n but_o a_o mineral_n of_o a_o martial_a nature_n have_v not_o only_o be_v observe_v in_o sand_n but_o gold_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o guiny_n and_o on_o the_o bank_n of_o tagus_n which_o run_v by_o lisbon_n and_o pactolus_n and_o some_o have_v be_v find_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o a_o little_a river_n which_o run_v down_o from_o the_o mountain_n in_o savoy_n but_o much_o more_o gold_n may_v be_v get_v from_o sand_n chemical_o than_o by_o pick_v it_o up_o if_o the_o sand_n be_v reduce_v to_o glass_n with_o litharge_n or_o minium_n and_o then_o the_o volatile_a gold_n be_v obtain_v by_o give_v it_o a_o body_n fit_a to_o retain_v and_o fix_v it_o such_o as_o silver_n out_o of_o which_o i_o have_v get_v by_o quartation_n out_o of_o as_o much_o
a_o thin_a white_a opacous_a bed_n and_o the_o three_o be_v make_v up_o of_o a_o long_a series_n of_o crystal_n thick_o set_v and_o which_o look_v whitish_a and_o upon_o these_o which_o be_v not_o much_o thick_a than_o a_o barleycorn_n lie_v another_o make_v up_o of_o crystal_n like_o amethyst_n some_o high_o tinge_v than_o other_o and_o more_o elevate_v where_o they_o have_v most_o room_n to_o shoot_v those_o that_o be_v most_o elevate_v be_v hard_a enough_o to_o grate_v line_n upon_o glass_n and_o i_o have_v find_v in_o the_o cavity_n of_o concrete_v stone_n crystal_n which_o be_v set_v round_o the_o side_n of_o they_o and_o seem_v to_o be_v form_v of_o a_o lapidescent_n juice_n which_o be_v percolate_v through_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o form_v curious_o shape_v crystal_n and_o i_o be_o tell_v by_o a_o dig_a that_o he_o have_v observe_v several_a cluster_n of_o these_o crystal_n which_o stick_v to_o no_o part_n of_o the_o rock_n but_o seem_v to_o be_v hasty_o form_v in_o a_o soft_a mould_n but_o three_o not_o only_o the_o external_n but_o their_o internal_a texture_n favour_v our_o hypothesis_n since_o it_o seem_v to_o imitate_v that_o of_o those_o body_n which_o have_v be_v former_o fluid_n for_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o several_a particle_n of_o salt_n stick_v together_o have_v not_o only_o form_v large_a lump_n but_o salgem_n and_o lump_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o mayow_a salt_n be_v break_v seem_v to_o be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o like_a part_n and_o though_o a_o solution_n of_o silver_n usual_o shoot_v into_o thin_a plate_n yet_o it_o may_v be_v so_o order_v that_o several_a of_o these_o join_v together_o may_v form_v large_a crystal_n who_o outside_n may_v be_v fine_o shape_v like_o some_o peculiar_a kind_n of_o vitriol_n and_o though_o transparent_a body_n be_v usual_o think_v to_o be_v of_o a_o uniform_a texture_n yet_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o a_o thin_a muscovy_n glass_n plate_n which_o be_v so_o thin_a as_o to_o be_v scarce_o 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different_o tinge_v appear_v since_o diamond_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o be_v yellowish_a more_o yellow_a and_o perfect_o yellow_a bluish_a greenish_a and_o some_o as_o green_a as_o emaralds_n and_o one_o who_o live_v near_o the_o river_n siam_n or_o pegu_n in_o the_o east-indies_n tell_v i_o he_o have_v see_v stone_n take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n partly_o void_a of_o colour_n and_o partly_o of_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o ruby_n and_o beside_o what_o i_o have_v observe_v in_o agat_n and_o opacous_a gem_n as_o to_o the_o differ_a colour_n of_o the_o same_o stone_n i_o wear_v a_o sardoinx_n in_o a_o ring_n the_o uppermost_a part_n of_o which_o be_v black_a the_o middlemost_a of_o a_o chestnut_n and_o the_o other_o of_o a_o blue_a colour_n almost_o like_o a_o turquois_n and_o each_o of_o these_o of_o a_o uniform_a breadth_n and_o parallel_n to_o each_o other_o and_o even_o among_o saphire_n though_o they_o be_v common_o azure_a yet_o a_o white_a stone_n have_v be_v call_v by_o the_o 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a_o saphir_n and_o to_o show_v further_o that_o solid_a gem_n may_v include_v heterogeneous_a matter_n in_o they_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o not_o only_o i_o but_o other_o have_v perceive_v something_o in_o the_o body_n of_o rock-crystal_n which_o by_o vary_v the_o posture_n of_o that_o stone_n may_v be_v render_v visible_a and_o the_o like_a have_v be_v see_v in_o grisolet_n bring_v from_o the_o east-indies_n and_o in_o a_o hard_a stone_n bring_v from_o thence_o and_o design_o break_v i_o find_v several_a clear_a and_o transparent_a crystal_n which_o have_v their_o point_n inward_o and_o be_v argument_n that_o they_o have_v swim_v in_o some_o liquor_n who_o incoagulable_a part_n be_v either_o imbibe_v by_o the_o ambient_fw-la matter_n or_o penetrate_v it_o and_o to_o illustrate_v what_o i_o
the_o root_n be_v impel_v into_o it_o and_o thence_o convey_v into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o tree_n be_v convey_v in_o the_o form_n of_o sap_n which_o pass_v through_o new_a strainer_n receive_v alteration_n requisite_a to_o turn_v it_o into_o wood_n bark_n leaves_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o young_a thrive_a animal_n it_o can_v be_v imagine_v how_o the_o nourishment_n shall_v be_v convey_v to_o all_o the_o part_n without_o suppose_v they_o furnish_v with_o pore_n for_o its_o reception_n and_o passage_n another_o argument_n of_o the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n body_n may_v be_v bring_v from_o the_o plenty_n of_o humour_n carry_v off_o by_o sweat_n and_o insensible_a transpiration_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o good_a microscope_n we_o may_v discern_v pore_n in_o the_o skin_n of_o animal_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o inward_a side_n of_o glove_n which_o be_v nothing_o but_o skin_n dress_v and_o they_o be_v further_a evident_a since_o quicksilver_n ready_o pass_v through_o the_o pore_n of_o sheep_n skin_n and_o leave_v the_o dross_n behind_o in_o the_o leather_n and_o the_o like_a i_o have_v try_v with_o the_o skin_n of_o a_o man_n arm_n tan_v which_o pore_n according_a to_o steno_n and_o malpighius_n be_v the_o excretory_a vessel_n of_o the_o glandulae_fw-la miliares_n contain_v in_o the_o skin_n and_o that_o the_o skin_n and_o shell_n of_o egg_n be_v not_o void_a of_o pore_n appear_v since_o the_o moisture_n contain_v be_v so_o far_o dissipate_v through_o they_o as_o to_o diminish_v their_o weight_n and_o sanctorius_n in_o his_o medicina_fw-la statica_fw-la tell_v we_o that_o if_o the_o meat_n and_o drink_v take_v one_o day_n amount_v to_o eight_o pound_n five_o pound_n will_v be_v carry_v off_o by_o insensible_a transpiration_n and_o he_o elsewhere_o say_v that_o in_o the_o space_n of_o twenty_o four_o hour_n â—n_o the_o winter_n time_n a_o healthful_a body_n may_v exhale_v fifty_o ounce_n or_o more_o a_o great_a part_n of_o which_o be_v carry_v off_o 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water_n enough_o of_o it_o will_v penetrate_v the_o bladder_n to_o dissolve_v the_o salt_n and_o render_v it_o liquid_a and_o the_o like_v succeed_v but_o much_o more_o slow_o when_o the_o experiment_n be_v try_v with_o sugar_n and_o some_o say_v that_o syrup_n make_v this_o way_n instead_o of_o use_v ordinary_a water_n be_v much_o more_o preferable_a and_o as_o a_o further_a instance_n of_o the_o porosity_n of_o the_o shell_n of_o egg_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o one_o have_v be_v immerse_v in_o very_o sharp_a vinegar_n though_o the_o shell_n be_v part_n of_o it_o consume_v yet_o be_v take_v out_o and_o wipe_v it_o be_v considerable_o swell_v and_o heavy_a than_o before_o the_o menstruum_fw-la be_v imbibe_v and_o insinuate_v into_o the_o pore_n of_o it_o and_o i_o be_o not_o only_o tell_v that_o the_o chineses_n have_v a_o way_n of_o salt_a egg_n but_o i_o find_v by_o coat_v one_o over_o with_o clay_n after_o it_o have_v lie_v some_o time_n in_o brine_n the_o substance_n contain_v taste_v evident_o salt_n and_o i_o know_v a_o physician_n who_o be_v affect_v with_o a_o giddiness_n upon_o the_o use_n of_o clyster_n of_o sack_n and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o have_v apply_v tobacco_n to_o the_o sore_a leg_n of_o one_o of_o his_o patient_n it_o cause_v her_o stomach_n to_o turn_v or_o actual_a vomit_v and_o another_o tell_v i_o that_o he_o use_v to_o vomit_v himself_o by_o apply_v decoction_n of_o tobacco_n to_o his_o wrist_n or_o other_o extreme_a part_n and_o it_o be_v a_o common_a custom_n to_o purge_v child_n by_o the_o application_n of_o external_a thing_n and_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v that_o bathe_v the_o sore_a head_n of_o child_n with_o a_o decoction_n of_o tobacco_n have_v cause_v a_o giddiness_n and_o a_o virtuoso_fw-la tell_v i_o that_o have_v take_v another_o by_o the_o hand_n which_o be_v gentle_o besmear_v with_o oil_n it_o give_v he_o three_o or_o four_o stool_n present_o and_o to_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v of_o the_o porosity_n of_o membrane_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o aptness_n of_o lute-string_n to_o imbibe_n into_o their_o pore_n moist_a particle_n and_o also_o the_o metastasis_n or_o translation_n of_o morbific_a matter_n in_o disease_a body_n as_o the_o matter_n which_o cause_v a_o fever_n be_v discharge_v upon_o the_o brain_n cause_v a_o delirium_fw-la and_o other_o distemper_n as_o it_o be_v discharge_v upon_o the_o pleura_fw-la the_o membrane_n of_o the_o chest_n the_o throat_n or_o gut_n another_o argument_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o animal_n body_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o their_o aptness_n to_o imbibe_n effluvia_fw-la from_o without_o as_o when_o cantharides_n external_o apply_v affect_v the_o bladder_n to_o which_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o plaster_n and_o ointment_n and_o pericarpia_n for_o i_o have_v often_o cure_v ague_n with_o a_o mixture_n of_o â—â—â—ians_n hop_n and_o bay-salt_n and_o it_o be_v vulgar_o know_v that_o mercury_n external_o use_v in_o ointment_n will_v salivate_v to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o periapta_n and_o appensa_fw-la of_o bloodstone_n in_o stop_v of_o hemorragy_n and_o of_o another_o kind_n of_o stone_n make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o indian_n in_o obstructione_fw-la menstruum_fw-la and_o i_o have_v find_v myself_o that_o the_o moss_n of_o a_o dead_a man_n skull_n will_v stop_v a_o hemorrhage_n as_o soon_o as_o warm_v by_o the_o contiguous_a skin_n and_o zwelfer_n tell_v we_o of_o one_o who_o preserve_v several_a from_o the_o plague_n by_o use_v helmont_n troch_v of_o toad_n in_o annulet_n and_o several_a of_o these_o troche_n be_v put_v upon_o the_o plague_n sore_n of_o the_o infect_a they_o be_v afterward_o cure_v by_o the_o use_n of_o vulgar_a remedy_n and_o to_o these_o i_o shall_v add_v that_o have_v draw_v a_o spirit_n from_o a_o mixture_n of_o flower_n of_o brimstone_n powder_v salarmoniack_a and_o good_a quicklime_n in_o equal_a quantity_n by_o degree_n of_o fire_n in_o a_o retort_n till_o the_o sand_n be_v red_a hot_a if_o a_o piece_n of_o copper_n be_v fold_v up_o in_o sheep_n leather_n and_o hold_v over_o the_o vial_n it_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o metal_n will_v be_v tinge_v with_o the_o rise_a fume_n without_o discolour_v the_o leather_n and_o the_o same_o will_v succeed_v only_o more_o slow_o through_o a_o double_a fold_n of_o leather_n and_o all_o the_o alteration_n the_o leather_n receive_v from_o these_o pervade_a fume_n be_v that_o they_o give_v it_o a_o sulphureous_a smell_n and_o this_o experiment_n may_v favour_v the_o account_n we_o have_v of_o the_o effect_n of_o lightning_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o discolour_v the_o money_n in_o man_n pocket_n without_o burn_v they_o and_o the_o same_o effect_n have_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o some_o who_o have_v ascend_v a_o burn_a mountain_n in_o america_n and_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o lamb_n leather_n hang_v up_o in_o the_o air_n acquire_v a_o moisture_n which_o add_v considerable_o to_o its_o weight_n and_o to_o these_o instance_n may_v be_v add_v the_o effect_n of_o cantharides_n upon_o some_o that_o only_o carry_v they_o in_o their_o pocket_n the_o effluvium_n of_o they_o have_v cause_v they_o to_o piss_v bloody_a urine_n and_o as_o a_o further_a confirmation_n of_o the_o porousness_n of_o body_n i_o shall_v subjoin_v that_o the_o permeate_a liquor_n above_o mention_v have_v the_o like_a effect_n upon_o copper_n through_o the_o tough_a skin_n of_o a_o egg_n and_o likewise_o through_o a_o wet_a sheep_n bladder_n and_o to_o confirm_v what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o the_o porousness_n of_o animal_n body_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o a_o gentleman_n who_o have_v a_o long_a time_n a_o perforation_n in_o his_o thorax_n and_o be_v wont_a to_o inject_v medicate_v liquor_n often_o to_o cherish_v the_o part_n and_o likewise_o to_o wear_v a_o silken_a bag_n
long_o apt_a to_o think_v that_o the_o same_o peccant_a matter_n may_v produce_v several_a distemper_n as_o its_o effect_n be_v diversify_v partly_o by_o its_o great_a or_o lesser_a quantity_n as_o well_o as_o more_o or_o less_o active_a quality_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o particular_a nature_n or_o structure_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o part_n that_o it_o invade_v which_o seem_v to_o be_v favour_v by_o the_o frequent_a metastasis_n of_o morbific_a matter_n in_o several_a distemper_n since_o the_o same_o acid_n or_o sharp_a humour_n sometime_o occasion_v a_o colic_n sometime_o after_o that_o a_o palsy_n at_o other_o time_n a_o cough_n a_o flux_n of_o the_o belly_n a_o opthalmia_fw-la a_o violent_a headache_n convulsion_n etc._n etc._n as_o the_o peccant_a humour_n fall_v upon_o this_o or_o that_o part_n upon_o which_o account_n one_o or_o two_o medicine_n may_v be_v able_a to_o cure_v several_a distemper_n especial_o if_o endue_v with_o any_o variety_n of_o active_a virtue_n and_o upon_o these_o ground_n i_o be_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n may_v be_v a_o good_a remedy_n in_o several_a internal_a affection_n of_o the_o body_n and_o indeed_o volatile_a alkaly_n in_o general_n have_v be_v so_o prosperous_o make_v use_n of_o in_o physic_n since_o the_o year_n 1656_o as_o to_o invite_v several_a physician_n to_o employ_v they_o instead_o of_o other_o medicine_n which_o clog_n and_o weaken_v the_o patient_n and_o want_v several_a advantageous_a quality_n which_o may_v be_v find_v in_o volatile_a alkaly_n and_o indeed_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n mortify_v acid_n salt_n which_o occasion_n several_a disease_n it_o be_v likewise_o a_o great_a resolvent_fw-la and_o fit_a to_o open_a obstruction_n which_o produce_v not_o a_o few_o disease_n it_o be_v also_o diaphoretic_n and_o diuretic_n and_o able_a to_o discharge_v several_a noxious_a salt_n and_o to_o expel_v several_a malignant_a and_o contagious_a particle_n of_o matter_n it_o resist_v putrefaction_n and_o coagulation_n and_o give_v a_o briskness_n and_o spirituousness_n to_o the_o blood_n which_o promote_v free_a circulation_n upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v a_o good_a cordial_n and_o a_o antidote_n against_o some_o poison_n it_o be_v very_o friendly_a to_o the_o genus_fw-la nervosum_fw-la and_o to_o cure_v its_o distemper_n and_o balsamic_a in_o some_o sort_n of_o asthams_n it_o neither_o cause_v great_a evacuation_n nor_o do_v it_o clog_v the_o stomach_n or_o be_v disadvantageous_a in_o any_o manifest_a quality_n and_o it_o may_v likewise_o be_v very_o good_a in_o such_o case_n as_o spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a have_v be_v find_v successful_a in_o helmont_n commend_v it_o in_o epilepsy_n which_o he_o say_v it_o will_v cure_v in_o adult_n person_n and_o i_o have_v know_v it_o cure_v a_o inveterate_a consumptive_a cough_n and_o a_o very_a bad_a headache_n which_o have_v a_o long_a time_n baffle_v very_o eminent_a physician_n but_o beside_o the_o virtue_n it_o have_v when_o simple_o use_v its_o virtue_n may_v be_v ennoble_v and_o diversify_v by_o a_o long_a digestion_n or_o frequent_a cohobation_n of_o the_o spirit_n with_o the_o oil_n salt_n or_o phlegm_n of_o the_o same_o concrete_a or_o by_o unite_n it_o with_o acid_n as_o spirit_n of_o nitre_n or_o vinegar_n verdigrease_n oil_n of_o vitriol_n etc._n etc._n either_o use_v in_o a_o liquid_a form_n or_o when_o reduce_v by_o evaporation_n into_o crystal_n or_o the_o virtue_n of_o it_o may_v be_v ennoble_v by_o unite_n our_o spirit_n with_o metalline_a solution_n as_o of_o gold_n silver_n or_o mercury_n and_o with_o solution_n of_o minium_n make_v with_o spirit_n of_o vinegar_n by_o a_o mixture_n of_o which_o liquor_n and_o a_o slow_a evaporation_n of_o they_o i_o have_v obtain_v fine_o shape_v crystal_n or_o again_o either_o by_o unite_n with_o it_o sulphur_n open_v with_o salt_n of_o tartar_n or_o by_o dissolve_v in_o it_o metalline_a body_n as_o copper_n zinke_n and_o iron_n or_o by_o add_v about_o a_o double_a weight_n of_o alcohol_n of_o wine_n for_o these_o liquor_n be_v shake_v together_o will_v in_o a_o very_a great_a measure_n coagulate_v into_o a_o salt_n which_o will_v retain_v a_o considerable_a degree_n of_o quickness_n and_o penetrancy_n and_o why_o such_o salt_n as_o these_o shall_v not_o be_v efficacious_a i_o see_v no_o reason_n since_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o a_o mixture_n though_o make_v with_o another_o urinous_a spirit_n have_v have_v extraordinary_a effect_n in_o fever_n nor_o be_v the_o liquor_n this_o salt_n leave_v behind_o useless_a in_o medicine_n when_o well_o dephlegm_v but_o this_o spirit_n may_v be_v render_v still_o more_o commodious_a if_o impregnate_v with_o essential_a oil_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v several_a oily_a volatile_a salt_n may_v be_v produce_v which_o may_v be_v useful_a in_o peculiar_a distemper_n as_o those_o oil_n respect_v this_o or_o that_o part_n in_o their_o medicinal_a virtue_n chap._n x._o a_o appendix_n to_o the_o memoirs_fw-fr for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o human_a blood_n contain_v first_o particular_n referable_a to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o forego_n history_n experiment_n i._n have_v cause_v twelve_o ounce_n of_o dry_a blood_n to_o be_v careful_o distil_v the_o substance_n obtain_v from_o it_o be_v of_o volatile_a salt_n and_o spirit_n together_o five_o ounce_n the_o liquor_n pour_v off_o from_o the_o wet_a salt_n be_v thirteen_o drachm_n fifty_o four_o grain_n so_o that_o the_o salt_n be_v three_o ounce_n two_o drachm_n and_o six_o grain_n of_o fetid_v oil_n there_o be_v two_o ounce_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n four_o ounce_n and_o two_o drachm_n so_o that_o about_o six_o drachm_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v consume_v in_o the_o operation_n the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n be_v calcine_v yield_v but_o six_o drachm_n and_o a_o half_a of_o ash_n the_o fix_a oleaginous_a part_n be_v consume_v by_o the_o accension_n the_o colour_n of_o the_o ash_n be_v red_a when_o cool_a though_o in_o the_o fire_n they_o appear_v white_a as_o soon_o as_o the_o oil_n be_v consume_v these_o ash_n be_v turn_v into_o a_o lixivium_n afford_v five_o scruple_n of_o white_a fix_a salt_n beside_o a_o little_a which_o get_v into_o the_o contiguous_a sand_n which_o be_v recover_v by_o water_n and_o reduce_v to_o a_o salt_n make_v a_o scruple_n more_o so_o that_o there_o remain_v for_o the_o terra_fw-la damnata_fw-la fourteen_o scruple_n and_o a_o half_a which_o be_v a_o good_a deal_n above_o twice_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o salt_n whence_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o pure_a fix_a salt_n be_v but_o between_o the_o fifty_o seven_o and_o fifty_o eight_o part_n of_o dry_a blood_n and_o therefore_o probable_o amount_v to_o no_o more_o than_o about_o the_o 170th_o part_n of_o the_o mass_n of_o blood_n and_o the_o fix_a earth_n be_v to_o dry_a blood_n as_o about_o nineteen_o and_o about_o a_o half_a to_o one_o experiment_n ii_o a_o parcel_n of_o blood_n weigh_v ten_o ounce_n and_o seventy_o three_o grain_n be_v slow_o distil_v to_o dryness_n in_o a_o head_n and_o body_n on_o a_o digestive_a furnace_n afford_v of_o phlegmatic_a liquor_n seven_o ounce_n two_o drachm_n and_o forty_o seven_o grain_n and_o of_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n or_o dry_a substance_n two_o ounce_n two_o drachm_n this_o pulverable_a matter_n be_v distil_v in_o a_o retort_n by_o degree_n of_o fire_n yield_v two_o drachm_n forty_o eight_o grain_n of_o oil_n the_o spirit_n be_v pour_v off_o the_o salt_n weigh_v but_o forty_o eight_o grain_n and_o the_o salt_n be_v wash_v out_o with_o the_o distil_a water_n we_o obtain_v thence_o by_o sublimation_n into_o the_o neck_n of_o a_o glass-egg_n one_o drachm_n five_o grain_n of_o dry_a salt_n the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n weigh_v six_o drachm_n twelve_o grain_n which_o be_v careful_o calcine_v yield_v two_o scruple_n and_o four_o grain_n of_o ash_n which_o be_v red_a and_o these_o be_v elixivate_v afford_v eighteen_o grain_n of_o salt_n beside_o the_o remain_a earth_n which_o be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n with_o a_o eye_n of_o purple_a particular_n referrable_a to_o the_o primary_n title_n of_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o human_n blood_n experiment_n i._n spirit_n of_o vinegar_n put_v upon_o blood_n turn_v its_o red_a colour_n of_o a_o dark_a or_o dirty_a colour_n experiment_n ii_o juice_n of_o lemon_n pour_v upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o blood_n impair_v its_o florid_n colour_n experiment_n iii_o juice_n of_o orange_n change_v blood_n less_o than_o lemon_n experiment_n iu._n the_o black_a part_n of_o clot_a blood_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n present_o become_v of_o a_o pleasant_a and_o florid_n colour_n experiment_n v._n spirit_n of_o salarmoniack_a drop_v upon_o black_a clot_a blood_n present_o render_v it_o florid_n but_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o open_a air._n experiment_n vi._n fix_a alkaly_n or_o lixiviate_v salt_n resolve_v per_fw-la deliquium_fw-la turn_v it_o red_a but_o not_o so_o florid_n as_o the_o
p._n 123_o several_a experiment_n about_o freeze_a p._n 164_o fire_n and_o flame_n make_v ponderable_a p._n 205_o 206_o 210._o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o flame_n and_o air._n p._n 218_o 220_o 223._o flame_n preserve_v under_o water_n p._n 225_o of_o the_o propagation_n of_o flame_n in_o vacuo_fw-la p._n 226_o 227_o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o air_n and_o the_o flamma_n vitalis_n of_o animal_n p._n 229_o g_o the_o effect_n of_o gunpowder_n dissolve_v in_o water_n p._n 4._o of_o the_o perviousness_n of_o glass_n p._n 213_o a_o comminution_n of_o gold_n into_o powder_n p._n 363_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o granate_n ibid._n of_o the_o origin_n of_o gem_n p._n 380_o of_o the_o virtue_n of_o gem_n p._n 397_o h_n heat_v produce_v by_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt-petre_n and_o oil_n of_o vitriol_n p._n 4_o of_o the_o mechanical_a production_n of_o heat_n p._n 191_o hydrostatical_a paradox_n make_v out_o p._n 279_o a_o new_a hydrostatical_a instrument_n and_o its_o use_n propose_v p._n 311_o observation_n about_o hurricane_n p._n 365_o i_o of_o the_o levity_n of_o ice_n and_o its_o cause_n p._n 68_o observation_n and_o experiment_n concern_v ice_n p._n 91_o what_o liquor_n soon_o dissolve_v ice_n and_o snow_n p._n 96_o the_o quality_n of_o ice_n p._n 172_o l_o the_o expansion_n and_o contraction_n of_o liquor_n measure_v p._n 75_o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o light_n and_o air._n of_o the_o levity_n of_o body_n under_o water_n p._n 265_o a_o self_n move_v liquor_n p._n 351_o a_o preparation_n of_o liquid_a laudanum_n describe_v p._n 354_o m_n of_o mercury_n grow_v hot_a with_o gold_n p._n 203_o of_o the_o growth_n and_o increase_n of_o metal_n p._n 318_o medicina_fw-la hydrostatica_fw-la p._n 329_o the_o weight_n of_o several_a body_n weigh_v in_o air_n and_o water_n p._n 346_o passage_n relate_v to_o the_o art_n of_o medicine_n p._n 355_o of_o specific_a medicine_n p._n 528_o their_o operation_n mechanical_o solve_v p._n 531_o that_o by_o their_o unite_n with_o a_o distemper_a humour_n a_o three_o body_n may_v be_v produce_v not_o so_o offensive_a to_o nature_n p._n 547_o n_n nitre_n not_o the_o grand_a efficient_a of_o cold._n p._n 104_o of_o the_o effect_n of_o nitre_n in_o freeze_a p._n 131_o of_o the_o aerial_a noctiluca_n p._n 245_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o noctilucas_n p._n 247_o of_o the_o icy_a noctiluca_n p._n 255_o of_o the_o subtlety_n of_o its_o part_n p._n 259_o o_o oly_a of_o vitriol_n and_o salarmoniack_a mix_v together_o p._n 8_o a_o hydrostatical_a way_n of_o estimate_v oar_n p._n 321_o p_o of_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la p._n 99_o a_o chemical_a analysis_n of_o pearl_n p._n 370_o of_o the_o porosity_n of_o body_n p._n 440_o of_o the_o porosity_n of_o animal_n body_n p._n 450_o the_o effect_n of_o putrefaction_n and_o fermentation_n on_o human_n blood_n p._n 485_o r_n what_o refrigeration_n depend_v on_o p._n 6_o strange_a report_n p._n 373_o s_n of_o the_o different_a pressure_n of_o solid_n and_o fluid_n p._n 272_o of_o the_o serum_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 474_o of_o the_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 483_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n what_o p._n 487_o of_o what_o classis_fw-la of_o saline_n body_n it_o be_v of_o p._n 488_o whether_o different_a from_o spirit_n of_o urine_n etc._n etc._n p._n 490_o of_o its_o proportion_n to_o the_o substance_n it_o be_v draw_v from_o p._n 491_o of_o its_o consistence_n and_o specific_a gravity_n p._n 492_o of_o its_o odour_n taste_n and_o colour_n p._n 494_o of_o its_o dissolve_v power_n p._n 495_o of_o the_o coagulate_a power_n of_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 499_o of_o its_o precipitate_v power_n p._n 500_o of_o its_o affinity_n with_o some_o chemical_a oil_n etc._n etc._n p._n 501_o of_o the_o relation_n betwixt_o spirit_n of_o human_a blood_n and_o air._n p._n 504_o of_o its_o hostility_n with_o acid_n etc._n etc._n p._n 506_o of_o its_o medicinal_a virtue_n p._n 508_o 511_o t_n the_o effect_n of_o a_o mixture_n of_o salt_n of_o tartar_n and_o water_n p._n 193_o what_o tincture_n may_v be_v draw_v with_o spirit_n of_o human_n blood_n p._n 497_o five_o title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o human_a urine_n p._n 472_o w_n of_o the_o ascent_n of_o water_n in_o weather-glass_n p._n 30_o of_o the_o expansion_n of_o water_n and_o other_o freeze_a liquor_n p._n 62_o 187_o of_o the_o expansive_a force_n of_o freeze_a water_n p._n 79_o water_n not_o the_o primum_fw-la frigidum_fw-la p._n 702_o the_o weight_n of_o body_n freeze_v and_o unfreeze_v p._n 126_o whether_o â—ot_n water_n freeze_v soon_o than_o cold._n p._n 134_o of_o the_o weight_n of_o water_n in_o water_n p._n 277_o finis_fw-la
be_v only_o enclose_v nou._n 13._o mercury_n descend_v in_o all_o especial_o where_o the_o compress_v water_n be_v nou._n 18._o in_o that_o which_o contain_v compress_v water_n it_o almost_o rise_v to_o it_o be_v former_a height_n a_o piece_n of_o the_o same_o beef_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n begin_v to_o smell_v ill_o nou._n 23._o air_n be_v generate_v in_o all_o the_o mercury_n in_o the_o second_o be_v 20_o digit_n have_v descend_v 3._o in_o the_o other_o two_o it_o be_v about_o 16._o in_o the_o first_o the_o flesh_n be_v not_o corrupt_v nou._n 30._o the_o flesh_n include_v with_o salt_n do_v not_o stink_v but_o when_o boil_v be_v tender_a and_o pleasant_a decemb._n 6._o the_o mercury_n in_o that_o which_o contain_v the_o compress_v air_n be_v 25_o digit_n the_o flesh_n be_v strong_a scent_v but_o do_v not_o stink_v that_o include_v in_o vacuo_fw-la bubble_v when_o the_o receiver_n be_v open_v and_o in_o a_o hour_n time_n yield_v air_n enough_o to_o sustain_v 3_o or_o 4_o digit_n of_o mercury_n the_o receiver_n which_o contain_v it_o be_v immerse_v in_o hot_a water_n the_o liquor_n bubble_v much_o though_o the_o water_n it_o be_v immerse_v in_o do_v not_o boil_v the_o receiver_n be_v soon_o full_a of_o air_n and_o then_o though_o it_o be_v immerse_v in_o boil_a water_n the_o liquor_n do_v not_o bubble_n the_o flesh_n be_v pleasant_a and_o tender_a so_o that_o water_n as_o well_o as_o beer_n may_v help_v to_o preserve_v flesh_n experiment_n xii_o nou._n 29._o 78._o oyster_n be_v shut_v in_o one_o receiver_n without_o their_o shell_n oyster_n oyster_n in_o another_o they_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o their_o shell_n with_o common_a air_n and_o in_o a_o three_o with_o salt-water_n these_o three_o be_v close_v up_o with_o screw_n 3_o oyster_n in_o their_o shell_n and_o 8_o take_v out_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o vacuo_fw-la where_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o when_o the_o air_n be_v exhaust_v those_o which_o be_v without_o their_o shell_n emit_v large_a bubble_n one_o of_o the_o other_o open_v the_o shell_n nou._n 30._o the_o mercury_n in_o vacuo_fw-la ascend_v a_o little_a but_o in_o those_o 3_o which_o be_v stop_v with_o screw_n it_o descend_v rather_o decemb._n 4._o the_o wether_n grow_v warm_a the_o mercury_n in_o the_o first_o receiver_n be_v 7_o digit_n in_o the_o second_o 0._o in_o the_o three_o 3._o in_o the_o four_o 3._o dec._n 5._o in_o the_o first_o 20._o in_o the_o second_o 1._o in_o the_o three_o 3._o in_o the_o four_o 5._o dec._n 7._o in_o the_o first_o the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v 30._o in_o the_o second_o 1_o digit_fw-la in_o the_o three_o 3._o in_o the_o four_o 8._o other_o oyster_n leave_v in_o the_o open_a air_n begin_v to_o smell_v ill_o dec._n 9_o in_o the_o first_o it_o be_v 30_o in_o the_o four_o 11._o in_o the_o rest_v no_o change_n dec._n 13._o in_o the_o four_o it_o be_v 14_o inch_n high_a dec._n 20._o in_o the_o first_o it_o be_v 46._o in_o the_o four_o 24._o no_o alteration_n in_o the_o other_o dec._n 21._o in_o the_o 1_o st_z 52._o in_o the_o 4_o the_o 25._o no_o alteration_n in_o the_o other_o dec._n 22._o in_o the_o 1_o st_z 60._o in_o 4_o the_o 27._o no_o alteration_n in_o the_o rest_n dec._n 27._o in_o the_o 4_o the_o 29._o no_o alteration_n in_o the_o rest_n jan._n 7._o 79._o the_o oyster_n in_o the_o three_o receiver_n have_v colour_a the_o water_n black_a jan._n 25._o some_o bubble_n be_v form_v in_o the_o turpentine_n about_o the_o commissure_v of_o the_o receiver_n and_o cover_n of_o that_o which_o be_v exhaust_v the_o height_n of_o the_o mercury_n be_v not_o alter_v but_o the_o oyster_n be_v take_v out_o stink_v those_o in_o the_o other_o receiver_n stink_v and_o be_v turn_v to_o a_o viscous_a jelly_n from_o this_o experiment_n it_o seem_v to_o follow_v that_o fish_n yield_v not_o so_o much_o air_n as_o flesh_n yet_o they_o will_v corrupt_v though_o not_o affect_v by_o the_o outward_a air._n experiment_n xiii_o nou._n 29._o 78._o butter_n a_o vessel_n of_o fresh_a butter_n a_o glass_n vessel_n fill_v with_o fresh_a butter_n be_v convey_v into_o a_o receiver_n with_o a_o mercurial_a gage_n nou._n 30._o the_o butter_n be_v in_o the_o night_n condense_v by_o cold_a the_o mercury_n sink_v a_o little_a decemb._n 2._o the_o cold_a increase_n the_o mercury_n sink_v sensible_o decemb._n 5._o the_o cold_a grow_n more_o remiss_a the_o mercury_n ascend_v almost_o to_o its_o former_a height_n some_o of_o the_o same_o butter_n have_v be_v all_o the_o time_n expose_v to_o the_o air_n smell_v ill_o decemb._n 7._o the_o cold_a come_n on_o again_o the_o mercury_n return_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o gage_n the_o butter_n in_o the_o open_a air_n smell_v worse_a decemb._n 24._o the_o butter_n have_v yield_v no_o air_n but_o be_v all_o of_o a_o grateful_a taste_n except_o the_o superficies_n of_o it_o which_o be_v contiguous_a to_o the_o leather_n so_o that_o butter_n may_v be_v preserve_v a_o long_a time_n if_o preserve_v from_o the_o contact_n of_o air._n experiment_n fourteen_o nou._n 30._o 78._o oyster_n whiting_n and_o oyster_n one_o receiver_n be_v fill_v with_o whiting_n and_o wine_n another_z with_o whiting_n and_o oyster_n when_o the_o screw_n be_v set_v the_o mercury_n in_o the_o gage_n be_v compress_v but_o in_o 3_o hour_n return_v to_o its_o former_a mark_n decemb._n 2._o the_o cold_a increase_n the_o mercury_n sink_v in_o both_o decemb._n 4._o the_o cold_a cease_v and_o the_o mercury_n ascend_v in_o that_o receiver_n which_o contain_v the_o oyster_n decemb._n 5._o in_o that_o which_o hold_v the_o oyster_n the_o mercury_n be_v raise_v 20_o digit_n decemb._n 7._o it_o rise_v to_o 40_o digit_n dec._n 9_o no_o alteration_n in_o either_o that_o in_o which_o the_o wine_n be_v contain_v remain_v still_o below_o its_o first_o height_n decemb._n 20._o the_o content_n of_o both_o stink_v but_o what_o be_v remarkable_a in_o this_o experiment_n be_v that_o there_o be_v corruption_n without_o a_o generation_n of_o air_n in_o that_o receiver_n which_o contain_v the_o wine_n experiment_n xv._o decemb._n 3.78_o cloves_n raw_a beef_n with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n raw_a beef_n with_o pepper_n and_o cloves_n be_v put_v into_o two_o large_a receiver_n and_o as_o much_o beer_n add_v as_o fill_v the_o remain_v space_n in_o a_o little_a time_n after_o the_o pressure_n of_o the_o air_n grow_v more_o remiss_a the_o mercury_n come_v almost_o to_o the_o open_a end_n of_o the_o gage_n decemb._n 8._o the_o mercury_n ascend_v not_o the_o beef_n be_v take_v out_o of_o one_o to_o be_v boil_v have_v acquire_v a_o sweet_a smell_n from_o the_o clove_n and_o the_o liquor_n smell_v like_o hippocras_n jan._n 2._o 79._o the_o other_o receiver_n be_v open_v no_o air_n be_v produce_v the_o flesh_n be_v uncorrupted_a and_o be_v boil_v in_o vacuo_fw-la with_o a_o intense_a fire_n i_o observe_v air_n or_o spirit_n break_v out_o at_o the_o stop-cock_n fasten_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o receiver_n when_o the_o receiver_n be_v cool_v the_o next_o day_n it_o be_v almost_o void_a of_o air_n the_o flesh_n be_v tender_a and_o well_o taste_v only_o it_o be_v boil_v a_o little_a too_o much_o have_v be_v on_o the_o fire_n six_o hour_n hence_o it_o appear_v that_o beer_n impregnate_v with_o aromatics_n will_v preserve_v flesh_n experiment_n xvi_o decemb._n 4.78_o beef_n lark_n with_o beef_n two_o lark_n with_o some_o beef_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o receiver_n with_o as_o much_o ale_n as_o fill_v up_o the_o space_n not_o possess_v by_o they_o another_o be_v fill_v with_o beef_n alone_o and_o a_o mixture_n of_o beer_n and_o ale_n decemb._n 9_o some_o piece_n of_o the_o lark_n which_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o air_n begin_v to_o smell_v ill_a but_o those_o in_o the_o receiver_n have_v not_o yield_v air_n enough_o to_o sustain_v 5_o digit_n of_o mercury_n in_o the_o other_o receiver_n no_o air_n be_v generate_v decemb._n 19_o the_o cover_n of_o the_o receiver_n which_o hold_v the_o lark_n be_v break_v liquor_n run_v out_o the_o beef_n and_o lark_n be_v uncorrupt_a and_o be_v boil_v taste_v grateful_o the_o taste_n of_o the_o beef_n be_v make_v pleasant_a by_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o lark_n and_o beer_n decemb._n 23._o the_o other_o receiver_n be_v open_v the_o boil_v flesh_n seem_v pleasant_a hence_o it_o appear_v that_o bird_n may_v be_v preserve_v long_o in_o beer_n and_o ale_n experiment_n xvii_o decemb._n 14._o one_o receiver_n be_v fill_v with_o a_o whole_a apple_n etc._n apple_n and_o sugar_n etc._n etc._n and_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o powder_a sugar_n a_o second_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o apple_n cut_v in_o piece_n and_o sugar_n a_o three_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o apple_n cut_v in_o piece_n and_o water_n with_o a_o 1_o 10_o