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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A54140 A further account of the province of Pennsylvania and its improvements for the satisfaction of those that are adventurers, and enclined to be so. Penn, William, 1644-1718. 1685 (1685) Wing P1294; ESTC R218868 13,005 21

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them and whoever they are they are great Debtors to the Country of which I shall now speak more at large Of Country Settlements 1. WE do settle in the way of Townships or Villages each of which contains 5000 Acres in square and at least Ten Families The regulation of the Country being a Family to each five hundred Acres Some Townships have more where the Interest of the People is less then that quantity which often falls out 2. Many that had right to more Land were at first covetous to have their whole quantity without regard to this way of settlement tho by such Wilderness vacancies they had ruin'd the Country and their own interest of course I had in my view Society Assistance Easy Commerce Instruction of Youth Goverment of Peoples manners Conveniency of Religious Assembling Encouragement of Mechanicks distinct and beaten Roads and it has answer'd in all those respects I think to an Universall Content 3. Our Townships lie square generally the Village in the Center the Houses either opposit or else opposit to the middle betwixt two houses over the way for nearer neighborhood We have another Method that tho the Village be in the Center yet after a different manner Five hundred Acres are allotted for the Village which among ten families comes to fifty Acres each This lies square and on the outside of the square stand the Houses with their fifty Acres running back whose ends meeting make the Center of the 500. Acres as they are to the whole Before the Doors of those Houses lies the high way and cross it every mans 450 Acres of Land that makes up his Complement of 500 so that the Conveniency of Neighbourhood is made agreeable with that of the Land 4. I said nothing in my last of any number of Townships but there were at least FIFTY settled before my leaving those parts which was in the moneth call'd August 1684. 5. I visitted many of them and found them much advanc'd in their Improvements Houses over their heads and Garden-Plots Coverts for their Cattle an encrease of stock and several Enclosures in Corn especially the first Commers and I may say of some Poor men even to the beginings of an Estate The difference of labouring for themselves and for others of an Inheritance and a Rack Lease being never better understood Of The Produce of the Earth 1. THe EARTH by Gods blessing has more then answer'd our expectation the poorest places in our Judgment producing large Crops of Garden Stuff and Grain And though our Ground has not generally the symptoms of the fat Necks that lie upon salt Waters in Provinces southern of us our Grain is thought to excell and our Crops to be as large We have had the mark of the good Ground amongst us from Thirty to Sixty fold of English Corn. 2. The Land requires less seed Three Pecks of Wheat sow an Acre a Bushel at most and some have had the increase I have mention'd 3. Upon Tryal we find that the Corn and Roots that grow in England thrive very well there as Wheat Barly Rye Oats Buck-Wheat Pease Beans Cabbages Turnips Carrets Parsnups Colleflowers Asparagus Onions Charlots Garlick and Irish Potatos we have also the Spanish and very good RICE which do not grow here 4. Our Low Lands are excellent for Rape and Hemp and Flax. A Tryal has been made and of the two last there is a Considerable quantity Dress'd Yearly 5. The Weeds of our Woods feed our Cattle to the Market as well as Dary I have seen fat Bullocks brought thence to Market before Mid-Summer Our Swamps or Marshes yeeld us course Hay for the Winter 6. English GRASS-SEED takes well which will give us fatting Hay in time Of this I made an Experiment in my own Court Yard upon sand that was dug out of my Cellar with seed that had layn in a Cask open to the weather two Winters and a Summer I caus'd it to be sown in the beginning of the month called April and a fortnight before Midsummer it was fit to Mow It grew very thick But I ordered it to be fed being in the nature of a Grass Plott on purpose to see if the Roots lay firm And though it had been meer sand cast out of the Cellar but a Year before the seed took such Root and held the earth so fast and fastened it self so well in the Earth that it held and fed like old English Ground I mention this to confute the Objections that lie against those Parts as if that first English Grass would not grow next not enough to mow and lastly not firm enough to feed from the Levity of the Mould 7. All sorts of English fruits that have been tryed take mighty well for the time The Peach Excellent on standers and in great quantities They sun-sun-dry them and lay them up in lofts as we do roots here and stew them with Meat in Winter time Musmellons and Water Mellons are raised there with as little care as Pumpkins in England The VINE especially prevails which grows every where and upon experience of some French People from Rochel and the Isle of Rhee GOOD WINE may be made there especially when the Earth and Stem are fin'd and civiliz'd by culture We hope that good skill in our most Southern Parts will yeild us several of the Straights Commodities efpecially Oyle Dates Figgs Almonds Raisins and Currans Of the Produce of our Waters 1. MIghty WHALES roll upon the Coast near the Mouth of the Bay of Delaware Eleven caught and workt into Oyl one Season We justly hope a considerable profit by a Whalery They being so numerous and the Shore so suitable 2. STURGEON play continually in our Rivers in Summer And though the way of cureing them be not generally known yet by a Receipt I had of one Collins that related to the Company of the Royal Fishery I did so well preserve some that I had of them good there three months of the Summer and brought some of the same so for England 3. ALLOES as they call them in France the Jews Allice and our Ignorants Shads are excellent Fish and of the Bigness of our largest Carp They are so Plentiful that Captain Smyth's Overseer at the Skulkil drew 600 and odd at one Draught 300 is no wonder 100 familierly They are excellent Pickled or Smokt'd as well as boyld fresh They are caught by nets only 4. ROCKS are somewhat rounder and larger also a whiter fish little inferior in rellish to our Mallet We have them almost in the like plenty These are often Barrell'd like Cod and not much inferior for their spending Of both these the Inhabitants increase their Winter store These are caught by Nets Hooks and Speers 5. The SHEEPSHEAD so called from the resemblance of its Mouth and Nose to a Sheep is a fish much preferr'd by some but they keep in salt Water they are like a Roach in fashion but as thick as a Salmon not so long We have also the