any one Tribe of them For although when we have occasion for the virtue of any Specifick Medicine the rule hold good The more simple the better yet when we propose to our selves to cure our Patient by answering this or that Indication every several Ingredient contributes its share to the cure of the Disease And in this case the greater the number of Simples is so much the more powerfully the Medicine will operate Therefore out of the Medicines mentioned and those of the same nature several Recipe's tending to this end may be made I prefer the form of an Electuary in the manner of Theriaca Andromachi before all others as excelling in virtue because the mutual confermentation of all the Simples increases their virtue producing as it were some third thing which in equal quantity is of more virtue in them conjoyned than in any one of them And for the sake of young Physicians I discover the Remedy I my self make use of which is compounded after this manner Take of the roots of Angelico Calamus Aromaticus Masterwort Elecampane Leaves of common Wormwood lesser Centaury white Horehound Germander Groundpine Scordium common Calamint Feaverfew Meadow Saxifrage St. John's Wort Golden Rod Mother of Time Mint Sage Rue Carduus Benedictus Southernwood Flowers of Chamaemil Tansie Lily Conval English Saffron Seeds of Treacle-Mustard Garden Scurvigrass Caroway Berries of Juniper of each a sufficient quantity Let all the Herbs Flowers and Roots be gathered at those seasons when they have the most virtue Let them be dried and kept in Paper Bags till they be fit to Powder Let 4 ounces of each be well mixt and made up with a Syrup of Canary Wine and Sugar into the form of an Electuary of a due consistence Let him take 2 drachms morning and evening Or in defect of this let him use this following Take of Conserve of Garden Scurvigrass 1 ounce and an half of Roman Wormwood and yâ—llow rind of Oranges each 1 ounce of Candied Angelico preserved Nutmeg each half an ounce Theriaca Andromachi 3 drachms Pulv. Ari. Comp. 2 drachms with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Oranges make an Electuary Let him take 2 drachms twice a day drinking 5 or 6 spoonfulls of the following Scurvigrass Water upon it Take of Root of Horse-Rhadish sliced 3 ounces Garden Scurvigrass 12 handfulls Water Cresses Brooklime Sage Mint each 3 handfulls Orange Pills No. vj. Nutmegs bruised No ij Brunswick Mum 12 pounds distill them in the common Organs till onely 8 pounds of Water be drawn off for use Of all Medicines commonly known which help concoction Theriaca Andromachi is the best but because it is made up of very hot Simples and besides abounds with Opium the abovesaid Electuary may more conveniently be made of the chief heaters and strengthners with Sugar dissolved in Wine which will be more gratefull to the Stomach than Honey is We must take care in the mean time that those Simples be made use of that are more gratefull to the Patient's palate for seeing they must use it a long time i. e. almost as long as they live it is very convenient Idem p. 49. that it be not ingratefull to the Palate XXXIX This must be observed above all namely that all Digestive Remedies whatever whether they consist in Medicine or Diet or Exercise must not be used by the bye but constantly and daily with all diligence For since in this Disease as also in most Chronical ones its cause is passed into an habit and as it were a new nature no wise Man can think that any light and momentany alteration brought upon the Bloud and Humours by any kind of either Medicine or Diet can attain the scope of Cure but the whole habit of the body must be turned another way and the whole Man must as it were be new forged again upon the Anvil For neither is the case here as in some acute distemper when he that was as well as heart can wish but even now is on a sudden taken with a Fever and sinks down as if a Bridge broke under him from a very good state of health into a most dangerous disease The state of the Gout is far otherwise When a Man by leading an intemperate life for many years one after another omitting his accustomed exercise consuming in sloth and idleness or by too much study and unremitted intention of mind and other errors of life hath endeavoured as it were on purpose that the various ferments of the Body should be perverted and the Animal spirits which are the primary Instruments of Concoction are oppressed whereupon the preternatural Humours that are gathered do at length break out and give an overthrow when they are exalted to the highest degree and when the flesh is made soft and the joints effeminate they more readily receive the Humours falling upon them And so at length another Nature as it were is by degrees superinduced the pristine and natural oeconomy of the body being utterly overturned and destroyed For these Paroxysms which in a manner wholly take up the thoughts of the inconsiderate and less knowing sort are nothing else but a series and order of Symptomes dependent on that method which Nature commonly uses in expelling the matter which is the cause of the disease outwards Wherefore he loses his labour whoever goes about to stave off this disease by using this or that Medicine or Regiment likewise onely now and then But since this Habit is founded and consists chiefly in the spoiling of all the Digestions and in the loss of natural firmness in particular parts we must obviate both evils and as well the strength of Concoction as the firmness of parts must be reduced and restored by degrees that is according to the Model of the pristine and accustomed oeconomy of the body And however impossible this may seem to be done fully and perfectly not onely because every Habit is with great difficulty changed into its contrary but because old Age which commonly is companion and partner to this disease doth violently oppose yet as far as strength and years will allow the Cure must be attempted and as the Patient is younger or elder Idem p. 67. so he will more or less escape the Tyranny of the Gout XL. A Milk diet either of raw Milk or boiled taking nothing else unless a little Bread in it once a day has been in vogue for 20 years last past This did several good beyond all other Medicines for this disease so long as they exactly observed it but as soon as ever he returned to the diet of the Healthy were it never so mild and gentle who had used himself to this the Gout presently returning handled the Patient far worse than before for the Principles of Nature being by this course weakned the Patient is rendred more unable to keep off the disease and therefore afflicts him more dangerously and tediously He therefore that thinks of taking this course must first of all seriously
sate to table before he had scarce eaten one mouthfull he was forced to drink which I have observed in several to be a certain sign of a Dropsie coming upon them from the too great drought of the Liver depending upon the heat some fore-runners whereof I saw in his cachectick face Because he desired to drink the spaw-Spaw-waters for he refused other Medicines he fetched them sometimes from Griesbach where the Well is and kept them at home and according to my advice when he had over heated himself with Wine he accustomed himself to drink of them to quench his preternatural thirst which the Wine had caused I gave him leave to go to the Wells and to drink the Waters as others use to doe After this manner the use of the Spaws did both him good and others that laboured of the like intemperature of Liver which the Vulgar abuse thinking them to be good in most desperate Diseases and drinking them by Quarts Platerus Observ l. 3. p. 8. whereby the natural Parts and nervous Kind for which sharp things are bad are hurt besides they are very bad for the Breast and therefore for all that are troubled with a Cough and Shortness of breath Sometimes I have prepared artificial Spaw-waters which I have given for a Cachexy and they have done good ¶ The drinking of natural Vitriolick Spaw-waters continued for some Weeks is very good to correct the Heat of the Liver if it be used in time before the Dropsie invade a man and the Water be gathered in the Legs and Belly for when it already falls out of the Veins by reason they encrease its store they will doe no more good but will rather encrease the Swelling in the Dropsie Iâ—em Praxeos l. 3. especially if as they usually then do they piss but little and yet in the mean time drink much which therefore I have observed hath hurt a great many people VII Sweating with a Decoction of Guaiacum in a Stove or in Bed cures a Cachexy But in a Cholerick one you must sweat in a Stove with a gentle heat In a Melancholick one with a little more intense And in a Phlegmatick one with a most intense Heat that is as great as the Patient can endure without fainting This Cure is proper for such a Cachexy as happens to Maids or Women from Grief eating of crude things or drinking cold liquours but not for elder persons in whom it is bred by the use of strong Wine Hippocras Muskadel Salt and peppered Meats and such heating and drying things for since in this case the Liver is exceeding hot and dry and that there is great store of the Atrabilarious humour in the first and second region that is in the Veins of the Liver Spleen Mesentery and in the greater Veins and Arteries Enchirid. Med. Pract. Bathes are more proper than a Stove for a hot and dry Liver requires to be moistened and not to be dried And an Atrabilarious humour is but enraged and irritated by using hot things and profusion of Sweat VIII It is worth observation that a Cachexy in persons troubled with the Stone in the Kidneys has had its original from an Ulcer in the Kidneys when the purulent matter by reason of the obstruction in the Ureters regurgitating into the Kidneys and infecting the Bloud Sennertus hath infected the whole habit of Body IX It often falls out that a Man's Body becomes swollen turgid and languid and then the timorousness of the Physician grounded on no reason predicts danger But they may very properly be cured in a short time by Sudorificks used internally and externally The cause of this Evil hath not its rise from the Intemperature or weakness of those parts that the Ancients called Noble Besides it may easily be distinguished from the Dropsie which the said parts do cause for although the Patients be very sluggish and lazy yet they are oppressed with no anxiety of heart they breathe freely and from an open Breast and their Belly swells not much The watry matter is gathered first in the face and limbs and if the tumid parts be prest with your finger experience will shew that the parts are not so full as in a true Dropsie Barâ—â—tte Anâ—t â—ract c. 14. wherefore some that are ignorant of the true cause ascribe this Swelling to Wind. The Lymphatick Vessels being compressed broke or some other way obstructed so that the natural motion of the Lympha is hindred do cause the Ail X. When N. who was troubled with the Pox and a Water Rupture had been cured of both hâ—s Diseases by anointing with Mercury after the same example he ordered one Aldr. de Aldrighettis a strong Woman of a full Age that was swollen with the White Dropsie to be likewise anointed Binodius cent 3. obs 9. She made much Urine without any Salivation yet she felt a little pain in her Neck and perfectly recovered Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. In an inveterate Cachexy I anointed the Belly and Feet which were swollen more than ordinary with the following Liniment Take of the tops of green Dwarf-elder green Cranes-bill Sauce alone Flowers of Roman Chamaemil each 2 ounces fresh Butter 1 pound let them boil well Strain them out and add of distilled Oil of Tartar rectified Oil of Wax well rectified Oil of Caroways rectified each 3 drachms Mix them and make a Liniment to be used as abovesaid Jâ—h Lud. à Fâ—â—â—den â—â—iâ— arbâ—r â—â—â—ae p m. 53. And take of this Cordial often every day Take of Cinnamon-water 3 ounces Oxymel of Squills prepared according to Zwelfer 2 ounces Spirit of Vitriol dephlegmed 24 grains Mix them for use This water which I always kept as a secret was wonderfully commended by all people 2. Phâ—l Gruâ—iâ—gius Mâ—d. Pract. l 3. parâ— 3. c. 2. Joh. Jonstonius Idea Med. pract l. 12. c. 4. tâ—â— 2. The Essence of Crocus Martis and a Mixture of it do in curing a Cachexy excell all other Remedies 3. The Water distilled off fresh Walnut-tree roots cut into little square pieces steeped in Whitewine 24 hours sweetned with Sugar-candy and exposed to the Sun for some days taken in 3 ounces weight using exercise after it cures the Green-sickness in Maids 4. Take of the finest filings of Steel 1 ounce Jâ—s Quâ—rcetanâ—s Pharm Dogm rest p. 321. faecula Ari 1 drachm and an half Ambergryse half a drachm Essence of Coral of Pearl each half a drachm Amber prepared Cinnamon each 4 scruples Sugar what is sufficient Mix them and make a Powder It is the best remedy for pale and depraved colours as for Cachexies in Women Men Maids younger or elder if the body be prepared and purged 15 days before one after another I have had admirable experience of this Powder in curing all Cachexies 5. Chalybeate Salt is very good for a Cachexy Schroderus 6. When the Body is purged Wormwood taken any way is excellent good to strengthen the
into its natural posture he remained dull as it were stonied yea sometimes he staggered And although he had an Issue made for it in his neck and right arm yet he found no good by them He tried the Leaden waters to no purpose Praevotius advised him with good success to medicinal wines Turpentine with Castor a decoction of box China root Misletoe of the Oak Mastick Tree Sage and Groundpine Velschius Obs 14. Besides Treacle with Sugar of Roses And among external things Goose grease with Spirit of Rosemary applied with Scarlet to the nape of his neck after embrocation Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians Accorombonus de Catarrho 1. I affirm I have seen several cured by the continual use of Diacodium who have been in manifest danger of a Consumption from a thin and salt Catarrh ¶ Take of Cloves Cinnamon Mastick Mace Benzoin each 1 drachm Cipresnut red Coral Pomegranate flowers each 2 scruples mix them make a powder and apply it to the Coronal suture both I and others have often tried the virtue of this powder and we have found it stop destillations in so short a time Idem that it has appeared wonderfull both to our Patients and us 2. The tincture of Luna is very good for destillations Agricola Take of Spirit of Vitriol 4 drops Tincture of Luna 8 drops Water of Mother of Time half an ounce Oil of Amber 5 drops Mix them give it every day ¶ This is a secret for Catarrhs never enough to be commended Take of white Sugar 3 pounds Root of Liquorish Elecampane Flower de Luce each 2 ounces Spring-water 24 pounds Boil them filtre them well To 8 pounds of the Colature add of the herb Speedwell Maiden-hair Lung-wort Scabious Horehound the cordial flowers Colts-foot red Poppy each 5 Pugils Roman Nettle seeds and of seeds of Carduus benedictus Anise Fennel each half an ounce infuse them 2 days and boil them again to a third add of Gum Guaiacum China root each 2 ounces Cinnamon lesser Cardamome Cloves each 3 drachms boil them over a gentle fire for an hour Idem filtre them and strain them Drink of it four or five times a day 3. In a suffocative Catarrh I use with great success water of Violets or Colts-foot Bartolettus with white Spirit of Sulphur dropt in drop by drop in danger of suffocation and I have delivered several from imminent danger 4. Take of Aloes Penniroyal Calamint Mint Citron rind Petr. Bayrus each a like quantity make a powder incorporate it with Ladanum and a little Acacia and apply it to the Coronal suture having first shaved off the hair 5. Terra Lemnia or Bole Armenick with wine is a most excellent Remedy in a cold Catarrh Alex. Benedictus for they effectually hinder suffocations 6. A decoction of Turnips with butter and Sugar is very good or if there be any wind in the Turnips Crato it may be corrected with a drop of Oil of Aniseeds ¶ In a salt Catarrh I have found this a most wholesome remedy A Decoction of Honey with Roses which is made thus Take of pure water 6 measures Honey half the quantity boil it and scum it put a bag full of dry Roses in it and boil them for a convenient time Drink of it every morning Also red Bole Armenick laid upon the Tongue and Palate at night especially stops and dries a Catarrh and wonderfully strengthens the head Idem so as it seems an Inchantment it is as good as any Treacle 7. A Lohoch of Oak of Jerusalem in diseases of the Breast is excellent for the Destillation falling on the Breast it is made thus Take of the juice of Oak of Jerusalem Scabious Speedwell Colts foot each half a pound Barley Cream 3 ounces Sugar half a pound Gul. Fabricius Boil them to the consistency of a Syrup add of Species Diaïrews simp half an ounce powder of Anniseeds 2 drachms Flower of Brimstone 1 drachm Mix them 8. This is very good Take of Rosemary Marjoram Nigella red Roses Cloves Nutmeg Goclenius Indian Spike each half a drachm Make a Powder take it in a Pipe fasting like Tobacco 9. In a thin suffocative Catarrh destilling violently upon the Asperia Arteria and raising a continual cough Graba in Elapâ—ograplica a little burnt Hartshorn held onely in the Mouth or put upon the Tongue is accounted an excellent Remedy for the Catarrh is presently thickned and the cough comes but seldom ¶ Oil of Amber hath an admirable efficacy to stop a Catarrh if some powdered Amber be put in a bag and heat in Spirit of Wine and sprinkled with some drops of Oil of Amber and applied to the Crown of the head Idem the nostrils and Temples being both anointed with it at the same time 10. This is an exceeding good sternutatory to dry and stop the Catarrh and strengthen the Brain Petr. Michael de Heredia Take of Darnel Seed of Nigella Castor each 1 scruple Marjoram Rosemary Sage each half a scruple Musk 4 grains Mix them make a powder and snuff it up Linseed infused in strong white Wine Vinegar then dried and strowed upon some coals its fume received by the nostrils doth wonderfully stop a defluxion ¶ The destillated water of flowers of white Dittany is also a celebrated Remedy snuffed up into the Nostrells ¶ This promotes expectoration of the thick matter Take of the powder of Elecamparte seed half an ounce Savine seed 2 scruples Honey 2 ounces fresh Butter 3 ounces Mix them 11. Frid. Hofmannus Sassafras wood is of excellent use in this disease so that it is reckoned the true and proper Alexipharmack of Catarrhs especially if it be infused with Spirit of wild Time which is done thus Take of field Mother of Time destill it from strong wine let it stand a few days and destill it from fresh Mother of Time and then infuse Sassafras wood in it ¶ Nothing stops immoderate Catarrhs better than the following Cataplasm Take of sowre leaven 2 ounces Amber powdered 2 drachms make a Cataplasm and apply it to the Crown when it is shaven ¶ Also in a suffocative Catarrh Tacamahaca dissolved with some Oil of Mastick spread upon lether and applied to the Crown of the head when it is shaven is very good 12. For a Catarrh with hoarseness I have had good success in this Medicine of Forestus Gt. Horâ—tiuâ— Take of Liquorish juice white Sugar each 2 drachms seeds of Purslain Cucumber Melon Citrul each half a drachm Aniseed Gum Tragacanth each 1 drachm Penidy of Sugar 2 drachms and an half Make them into sublingual Pills ¶ I have had experience to my honour of this Electuary in several in difficult expectoration which threatned a Consumption Take of Elecampane Root Quinces boil them with Honey and add some flower of Brimstone ¶ In thin destillations I successively use Pilulae de Styrace Cratonis 13. Pope Adrian's Wine is highly
Manna or lenitive Electuary with Tartar then we must come to the preparation of the first ways by repetition of the aforesaid things Then the obstructions of the Mesentery and Lacteal Vessels must be cured with attenuating opening and evacuating Medicines But to complete the detersion of the Stomach and Bowels some proper Spaw-waters may be given three days The Cacochymie must by degrees be taken from the bloud by preparation and frequent purging Nor must we fear Feverishness for in this case we must have an eye onely to the Cause and not look much upon the Fever These three sort of purgers being taken we must not believe that the whole Venous kind is cleared of its impurity Fortis l. de Feb. p. 43. wherefore purging must be repeated which may also have an opening virtue VIII In uterine and hypochondriack distempers seeing Sugared or Honeyed things doe not much good Consult 62. cent 2. therefore in the preparation of the Humours clarified juices of herbs must be put in the Decoctions Fortis transcolates the juices through Sand to purifie them IX Whether should motion and exercise be prescribed to those that are sick of the Green-sickness Idleness and Motion are equally hurtfull Idleness because it gives opportunity for heaping up of Crudities whereby the disease increases Motion especially violent because it raises the palpitation of the heart which often endangers Suffocation for the crude humours are put in motion whence Vapours are elevated to the heart Besides green-sick persons are unfit for exercise because their body is dull their strength languid and they are troubled with shortness of breath But as exercise in this disease towards the height is unseasonable so before it get any head and when it is declining it is very profitable for the languid heat is excited in the bowels concoction is better performed distribution of the Aliment is helped obstructions of the bowels are opened Horstius cent prob 9. qu. 5. motion is given to the humours and way is made for Medicines Yet a mean must be observed and general evacuations must be premised X. Whether may the absurd things which the Appetite craves be allowed We may sometimes indulge Women with Child because the bad meats which they long for may serve for Medicines or because if they should be denied the Child might be marked which would be worse But these bad and absurd things doe Virgins harm because the disease is thereby fomented and increased nor can any emolument accrue to the body or ought of the morbifick cause be abated by such things as Lime Chalk Ashes Oatmeal c. The grief arising from the denial of their desire is momentany Sennertus but the damage from such things is lasting XI It is a common opinion that Green-sick Virgins when they are Married recover their health and truly sometimes it happens that pale and discoloured Maids if they Marry become lively and acquire a rosie colour in their face and body On the contrary it is found that others have not onely after Marriage not recovered but grown worse There is need therefore of distinction for if the Illness have its rise from the retained Menses or Seed it is the safest way to Marry for so the reteined Seed is evacuated and the Womb is purged But if there be any evil disposition in any Viscus especially the Liver or the Spleen or in the whole body this is not removed by the use of Venus but rather increased and the bad humours that abound in the whole body are drawn to the Womb and raise obstructions in it whereupon long Fevers and other evils arise Such must be cured before Marriage or if they be incurable Sennertus it is better to remain unmarried Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. The following Electuary of Steel is very good in obstructions of the inwards especially in the Green-sickness Take of Filings of Steel very fine grind them with Vinegar and dry them this should be done seven times Take of this 6 ounces Cinnamon Candied Nutmeg each 3 drachms Rheubarb 2 drachms Spec. Aromat Rosat 6 drachms Crato obs l. siâ—g Ep. 244. Honey and Sugar each 1 pound Mix them make an Electuary but universal Purgation must precede 2. There is nothing better than Quintessence of Catmint to cure the Pale Wan-colour in Maids for it most certainly and successfully promotes the Menses 3. They say Mercatus that in the Green-sickness from obstructions in tne Spleen an ointment of Ostridges grease is very good Some say nothing is more effectual ¶ It is evident from observation that Bezoar-stone is very good especially for Melancholick Women taken in some appropriate water ¶ I have experienced that Scorzonera Root steeped in some proper liquour and drunk in a morning hath cured several ¶ The best thing in the world for this Disease is the water that runs from a Grind-stone whereon Swords are ground if you quench red-hot filings of Steel an hundred times in it for so I have seen large Spleens wasted 4. Riverius In this Disease I have experienced the wonderfull effects of Quercetan's Cachectick Powder by means whereof I have cured innumerable Maids and Women of the Green-sickness 5. The following Pills are kept as a Secret by many Take of Juice of Mercury Varandaeus clarified Honey each 1 ounce Boil them to a sufficient consistency Add of the Seed of Roman Nigella powdered 3 drachms Make a Mass of a drachm whereof make 6 Pills Take two when she goes to bed for three nights one after another Cholera or a Vomiting and Loosness The Contents Sometimes bloud must be let I. Whether if it happen in a woman with child she may be let bloud II. Whether a Vomit may be given III. How things that restrain the violence of the humour must be given IV. We must astringe with caution V. A moist Cholera proceeds from heat of the Stomach VI. When a Sweat is proper VII When Laudanum may be used VIII The cure by Epicerasticks taken and injected IX A most cruel one cured X. In a Man Seventy years old XI Caused by drinking ungratefull Wine XII Cured with Vinegar and Water XIII A bloudy one cured XIV By Narcoticks mixt with Purgatives XV. Manna and all things made of Sugar suspected in a Vomiting and Loosness XVI Medicines I. WHen the Vomiting and Loosness is stopt by the use of Medicines and the strength something restored the Patients seem out of all danger which does not onely deceive the by-standers but even the Physicians sometimes for after one or two days quiet and intermission the Symptoms return stronger and more violent and carry off the Patient who was weakned with the first fit of his disease Which great danger must be obviated not onely by Restoratives and things that asswage the heat of the humours which must be continued when the fit is over but by letting bloud which draws back and very much qualifies the torrid
his Reins or Bladder onely the Liver was somewhat hard So that it plainly appeared the fault came from the too great Sharpness of the Humours that run to the Bladder for his Urine was tinged and clear enough One at last died of this Disease there was a Stone found in his Bladder that weighed 2 ounces and an half with a great Putrefaction of his Kidneys he was exceeding venereal J. Hessus apud Schenkium ¶ In curing old men who are sick of Sharpness of Urine or Strangury we must see that the fuliginous and serous excrements perspire We must see also whether any Catarrh fall from the Brain by the Spine upon the Bladder for it must be diverted I saw one who when he had been sick of a Dysury after he had voided a whitish humour by Urine Hollerius aph 31.3 was rid of his Dysury He was in his declining age how much more then may a Dysury be caused in old Men by this humour ¶ One is sick of a Dysury Bauhinus a purulent matter runs the whole day from him undoubtedly it must come from his Parastatae ¶ Sometimes a white and milky matter is voided in such plenty that when it is setled it takes up half the room in the Chamber-pot The Cause is both the weakness of the Stomach that makes ill Chyle and a weakness in the Kidneys to which when some lacteal Veins come that receive immediately the watry Chyle then when the Kidneys are weak the thin Chyle not well cleared of the salt tartarous dregs being carried thither it passes together with the Urine into the Bladder it is a Disease familiar to Women and cold complexions H fmannus Pulv. Stomach Quercetani is good with the inner Coat of a Hen's Gizzard in Hippocras-wine and outwardly to anoint with Vnguentum Stomach II. Both Learned men have written and Experience it self hath often taught me that a Vomit is a most excellent Remedy in the heat of Urine For a Vomit draws powerfully and evacuates the cholerick humours from the Liver and mesaraick Veins Fabr. Hildanus And we must begin with gentle ones III. Clysters of pure Milk or mixt with Mucilages use to be so efficacious that I have known some Patients who after long Pains have found case onely by this Remedy and a Bath Riverius IV. It is necessary that the Body be evacuated at certain intervals This may be done by lenient and gently purging Medicines for by strong ones the humours are inflamed and the heat of Urine encreased Cassia in this case is preferred by most Authours but I have observed that after the use of Cassia Hildanus the pains have been increased in several Patients V. Young Physicians must be admonished that in Sharpness of Urine they make not a negligent inspection into the Causes of this Disease For there are many deceived who think it arises from the Stone in the Bladder wherefore they give their miserable Patients Medicines accommodated to break the Stone which is turned to their Urine for the heat of Urine is increased by those Medicines that are endued with a hot faculty whereupon an Ulcer in the Kidneys or the Bladder must needs be bred and therefore they must be continually upon the rack who fall into the wicked hands of such Hang-men As in my time it happened to one who neglecting necessary means at first and afterwards taking all the Medicines of Empiricks fell into a mortal Diabetes Paschalius VI. A certain oleaginous matter that drops down insensibly moistens the Vrethra in a Man and the passage of the Womb in a Woman In defect of this the Urine being sharp hurts the Vrethra and cannot pass freely out Several have been cured by moistning Diet a Bath Riolaâ—us and Oil of Sweet-almonds injected by a Syringe into the Vrethra VII The site of the Bladder is sometimes changed when that portion of the Peritonaeum wherein it is enclosed is loosned and a little turned down which causes a difficulty in pissing Idem except the Belly be lift up by the Hand VIII One made water with difficulty those Glands being dried up which are called Parastatae variciformes nor did he discharge his Bladder without a great weight of Urine So I ordered those Parts and the whole Body to be restored by Unctions and the passage of the Urine being open Al. Benedictus he was cured Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Nothing is better in Heat of Urine than Steam of Milk wherein Mullein has been boiled ¶ An admirable Syrup for Heat of Urine Take of Seed of Marsh-mallow Mallow Quince Fleawort each 1 ounce put them in a hot Decoction of the Root of Marsh-mallow Seeds of white Popy winter Cherries what is sufficient When the Mucilage is made strain it Deâ—datus and with Sugar make it into a Syrup 2. The following Electuary wonderfully corrects the hot Intemperature of the Brain and Sharpness of Urine Take of Conserve of Flowers of Water-lily Violets Roses Flowers of Cichory each one drachm white and red Saunders each 1 scruple Seeds of Sorrel and Purslain each 2 scruples Trochiscs of Camphire 1 drachm and a half Mix them with Syrup of Popy Make an Electuary The Dose is 2 drachms morning and evening 3. Johannes Baptista Theodosius commends the following Medicine out of Galen and Avicen as one that never failed him Take of Mallow-leaves 1 handfull and an half fresh Butter 2 drachms Honey half a pound Joh. Fontanus Let them boil in 5 pounds of Water to a third Of which you may drink a little 4. One applied this Cataplasm to his twist and he presently made water freely Take of Pellitory of the Wall 2 handfulls Chervil 1 handfull and an half cut them and boil them soft add of Butter 2 drachms Oil of Scorpions 1 drachm and an half Mix them and apply them hot It did so much good Foreâ—tus there was no need of any other Remedies 5. I will not conceal this Powder wherein I put great confidence Take of Winter Cherries No. xij Seeds of Cucumber white Popy each half an ounce white Sugar what is sufficient Make a Powder of which take half an ounce always before meal 6. Take of Salt Nitre prepared Sugar-candy each half a drachm give it in Parsley-water Joh. Praevetius it is experienced 7. Wittichius An Emulsion of Chesnuts and a little white Popy seeds made with Liquorish water is good for Heat of urine A GUIDE TO The Practical Physician BOOK V. Of Diseases beginning with the Letter E. Ebrietas or Drunkenness The Contents Whether it be discussed by drinking Wine afresh I. Discussed by applying a Medicine to the Stones II. When a Bath is proper for the cure of a Surfeit III. Medicines I. ACcording to the rule of Schola Salernitana Si nocturna tibi nocet potatio vini Hoc mane rebibas erit tibi medicina i. e. If you be bitten by a
appear I bled moderately according to the Patients strength and constitution which when done sweat the raising whereof otherwise had not onely great difficulty in some bodies but also danger of greater burning and of the purple Spots was threatned became easie and expedite And the benefit of the Sweat that did immediately follow did abundantly compensate the loss of bloud which otherwise how small soever it were had brought a most grievous inconvenience After bleeding which I ordered in bed when all things were ready to cause a Sweat without the interposition of the least delay I presently covered the Patient with clothes and bound a woollen rag to his Forehead which covering of his Forehead conduces more towards the raising a Sweat than one would easily imagine Then if there be no Vomiting I give these and the like Hidroticks Take of Theriaca Andromachi half a drachm Electuarii de ovo 1 scruple Gascoin's Powder 12 grains Cochinelle 8 grains Saffron 4 grains with a sufficient quantity of Juice of Kermes make a Bolus which let him take every sixth hour drinking upon it 6 spoonfulls of the following Julep Take of Water of Carduus Benedictus and Scordii compositae each 3 ounces treacle-Treacle-water 2 ounces Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers 1 ounce Mix them But if a Vomit interrupted as it often happens in the Plague and pestilential Fevers I deferred the giving a sweating Medicine so long till the Sweat began to run onely with the weight of the clothes except that now and then his face was covered with the Sheet to gather the Vapors For which indeed is very well worth the observation when the rays of the morbifick matter extend themselves towards the outside of the body immediately the Loosness and Vomiting that proceeded from them tending inwards and falling upon the Stomach and Guts cease of themselves so that how great soever a subversion of the Stomach precede the Medicines that are taken afterwards may well enough be kept and conduce to the raising a Sweat according to desire I ordered the Sweat when it was begun to be continued for the space of a natural day by drinking now and then a draught of Sage posset-drink or of Mace-ale strictly forbidding him to wipe all that time no nor so much as to change his Shirt within 24 hours till the Sweat was ended how wet and foul soever it were A thing which I would have observed with the greatest care But if Sweat be circumscribed in a narrower limit of time the Symptoms immediately grow as fierce as ever and the Patient's safety which a longer Sweat had put out of all danger is in extreme hazard And truly I cannot sufficiently admire why Diemerbroke and others are persuaded on so slight a pretence to break off Sweat as forsooth to provide for the Patient's strength for there is no man that hath been the least conversant in the Cure of this Disease who observes not that as soon as the Patient is all in a Sweat he finds himself stronger than before What my practice and experience hath taught me in this matter I will not be afraid publickly to maintain Many through my advice when they have been thrown in a Sweat for 24 hours have been so far from complaining that they found themselves weak after it that they rather professed that as much supervacaneous humour as they had lost so much new strength they had acquired And about the latter hours I observed not without admiration a certain Sweat burst out more natural kindly and copious than the first which the strength of Medicine had forced out and which gave much more relief as if it had been plainly critical and eradicative of the whole Disease Moreover in the very height of the Sweat I do not see what inconvenience it brings along with it to refresh the Patient with Broths and comfortable Spoon-meats and therefore the objection concerning want of strength to bear long sweating falls to the ground And we may see which shews the benefit of this practice that as long as the Patient runs with Sweat he apprehends himself well and all that are by think him in a good condition But as soon as the body begins to grow dry and the Sweat is broke off all things grow worse the Disease as it were returning afresh For 24 hours after the Sweat is ended I order him carefully to avoid the Cold to let his Shirt dry of it self to drink all his drink warm and to continue the use of Sage posset-drink The next morning I give him a Purge And by this method of Cure I recovered very many of pestilential Fevers so that not one died of that Disease after I began to practise this method But when a Swelling was risen I hitherto would not suffer a Vein to be breathed in a body never so indisposed to Sweat fearing lest the morbifick matter returning into the emptied vessels the sudden death of the Patient should prevent the designed Sweat Nevertheless perhaps bloud might be let safely enough if immediately as soon as it were let without any stay interjected Sweat were raised which produced to the foresaid time requisite might consume and dissipate the Swelling and that with much less danger of health than if a legitimate ripening of the Imposthume which in a hazardous case is very uncertain and fallacious were longer expected Sydenham XLVIII I was never concerned for watching although it continued for the three first days The Headach abates the first day is tolerable the second the third is removed onely by the use of Sudorificks Opium has a Sudorifick quality it in a great measure makes up Treacle Diascordium Mithridate c. which in my opinion would want a Sudorifick faculty if they wanted Opium Yea it is reckoned by Authours among Alexipharmacks themselves whose use is singular in every malignant Fever And certainly I believe there is not one Medicine to be found that is able to give the Patient ease so quickly as Opium and concerning whose operation more certain things may be predicted whoever use it frequently and circumspectly than of Opium Nevertheless at this time I used it sparingly contrary to custome because Sleep is very much suspected for the 2 or 3 first days But when Watching had held a man 6 or 7 days with a decay of strength the Medicine following did much good giving a spoonfull of it every quarter of an hour till the Patient fall asleep Sleep is produced by it and plentifull Sweat Take of our Prophylactick water 1 ounce and an half Borage water 1 ounce Cinnamon water 3 drachms Confectio Hyacinthi 1 drachm Sacchari perlati 4 drachms Laudanum opiatum 2 grains Mix them Therefore you may use Opium the foresaid way Nor is there any reason here why you should be too bold in using it in cacochymick persons those that are weak and have a foul Stomach or that you should be too timorous and content to use it in no case for by this means you most evidently declare
scruple leaves of Gold and Silver each N o 3. Make a Powder The Dose in preservation 1 drachm Forestus in the cure 4 Scruples 13. This is an excellent preservative against the Plague Take of Sugar-Candy powdered 4 ounces imbibe it with dulcified Spirit of Salt which is thus made Take Spirit of Salt and Spirit of Wine each equal parts sublime them three or four times by a retort and they will unite inseparably and grow sweet to the form of an Electuary of which take one drachm in the morning fasting Gockelius it will keep off all Putrefaction 14. In a Malignant Fever this is a great secret Nitre steeped in Vinegar of Roses and Juice of Prick-madame applied to the Pulses asswages heat and pain Hayne 15. Heinisius his Pestilential Oil which is made of rectified Oil of Amber Frid. Hof mannus Citron and Camphire the dose from five drops to half a scruple does wonders in Pestilential Fevers 16. I have observed that Bezoardâ—cum minerale is not onely of use in Malignant and Spotted Fevers and the Pleurisie Horstius but is also a present remedy in the Plague Neukrantz 17. Contrayerva-Root is a most excellent Sudorifick in Spotted Fevers 18. Take the Rinds and Seeds of Twelve Lemons Juice of Scordium three pounds Juice of Sorrel Galangal Scabious Carduus benedictus each 1 pound shavings of Hartshorn four ounces old Treacle 6 ounces being cut and bruised mix them together distill them in Balneo The dose 1 ounce by it self or mixt with other Liquours Riverius 19. The Volatile Salt of Hartshorn has an excellent diaphoretick virtue in burning Malignant and Pestilential Fevers Rolfinccius 20. A Liquour against the Plague Take of the burning Spirit of Juniper-berries 8 ounces rectified Spirit of Tartar Spirit of Stag's bloud each four ounces Spirit of Vitriol 20 drops Cinamon Angelica Myrrhe each half an ounce Laudanum opiatum 2 drachms infuse them in Balneo for twenty hours then let the thin be poured off the thick by inclination and keep it This liquour wonderfully resists the Plague and other sorts of Poisons The dose from 15 drops to 20. 21. This Powder is highly commended for cleansing infected houses yea and for preserving them from the Plague if it be used for a fume morning and evening Seâ—nertus Take of Juniper-berries four handfulls Rue Elecampane-root outer rind of Birch Savine Goats-horn rasped each two handfulls leaves of Oak Myrrhe each 1 ounce Mix them Make a powder ¶ I have formerly given this powder in the Plague with good success Take of Bezoar-stone twelve grains Bone of a Stag's heart 1 scruple prepared Emerald prepared Jacinth each 7 grains Make a Powder for two doses in some convenient water Idem 22. They say that Scabious with Nitre and fresh Hog's lard Virdo is a divine remedy to discuss a pestilential Carbuncle 23. The Air must be corrected with a fume of Ram's or Goat's-horn for there is a great and a peculiar safeguard in this and it defends ones clothes ¶ The Place where people sick of the Plague have lain and are taken out is cleansed from the contagion by nothing better than crude Sulphur if it be burnt in the room close shut and the fume be kept in some time and then the Windows set open Weikardus to let it out In Tertian Agues and Quotidians 1. This hath been experienced in Tertian Agues Take of Juice of Gentian condensated 1 drachm or of the liquid 1 drachm and an half Chicken broth 3 ounces Spec. Diarrhodon Abbatis and Aromat Rosat each 1 Scruple Augenius Drink it 2. For Tertians Take a draught of the best White-wine boil it half away and then drink it it will cause one to Vomit much Water I have cured many so Borellus 3. This is experienced for a Bastard-Tertian Take Spiders Webs cleansed mix them with Vnguentum Populeon and make them into six Pills two of which must be applied to the Pulses of the Temples two to the Pulses of the Arms Claudinus and two to the Pulses of the Feet laying Vine-leaves upon them and binding them on three hours before the Fit 4. One may very well purge on the Fit-day I have often tried it and in most the event always answered In Tertians I doe this after the third or fourth Fit in Quotidians later Crato 5. Chamaemil-water drawn off the Juice is an excellent remedy for long and pertinacious Agues if one ounce be given in the morning fasting for two or three days I have often experienced it Rod. à Fonseca 6. I have not found a better remedy as well for preservation as cure of Tertian Agues than Oxysaccharum simplex which resists putrefaction because of the Vinegar and Juice of Pomegranate or Syrup of Lemons For by taking some of it every day I preserved my self from an Ague and others have cured themselves of Agues by it ¶ I have found by long experience that Carduus benedictus is good in a Quotidian Ague Forestus though most use it amiss in all Fevers 7. Juice of Water-Cresses Vinegar Kornthaveruâ— each what is sufficient with a little Salt Give two or three Spoonfulls before the Fit in all Agues 8. The fixt Salt of Wormwood becomes a more generous Medicine if when it is dissolved in Cichory Water as much Sal Prunellae be added and then they be coagulated together according to Art Half a drachm or a drachm-drachm-weight given them that are sick of a Tertian in warm Beer sweetned with a little Sugar to make them sweat stoutly is a Medicine much to be preferred before the Antifebrile Crollii made of Shells In Quartane Agues 1. Spirit of Sal Ammoniack is an excellent Secret in a Quartane Ague The dose is from 5 drops to 10 in Cichory-water 2. Agricola The powder of a Man's Skull given in drink to one when he knows not of it has been experienced to cure Quartane Agues 3. Sal Ammoniack seven times sublimed Benedictuâ— and made quite spiritual taken in a draught of Wine or Beer warm let him Sweat 8 days in the morning This is excellent good for Quartans De Bry. 4. This is an experiment against a Quartane Take of Seed of St. John's-wort 2 drachms Ashes of Man's Skull 1 drachm Mix them for 3 doses 3 hours before dinner Crato 5. Some reckon this for a great secret They take 2 drachms of Leaves of Betony powdered in an Egg four hours before the Fit and they repeat it three or four times on other days And certainly it is admirable good in an inveterate Quartane 6. After Universals Rod. à Fonseca I anoint the Chine with Oil of Chamaemil and Dill each alike mixt and hot beginning at the Neck down to the Buttocks and after anointing I wrap him in warm Linen and when I have done this thrice not onely the cold Fit but the Ague ceased Forestus 7. A scruple
I shall not contend with them but do rather think that both causes should be joined and often are joined so that by the viscidity of any humour in the bloud both the rest of the parts of the bloud may be intimately tied one to another and so be made less fit for their separation and the pores of the Caruncles may be obstructed and so the transcolation secretion Idem and excretion of Urine may be abolished XX. I have often removed small stones got into the mouth of the Bladder by putting in a Wax Candle the way I mentioned before Section XVIII Idem and so I have cured the stoppage of Urine XXI When there is suspicion that a Stone sticks in either Ureter unless by turning the body the head downwards and then by shaking of the body the Stone be got back from the Orifice of the Ureter this disease must be held for desperate Idem XXII Oftentimes the cause of the stoppage of Urine is thought to be in the Kidneys themselves inasmuch as the Natural constitution of the Kidneys and of the Caruncles in them whatever it is and the disposition requisite for separation of the Urinous Serum from the rest of the bloud is spoiled so that the secretion ceases Here we must make haste to cure it while there is some hope This Disease may be cured chiefly by taking Diureticks especially volatile Salt of Amber and other Aromatick volatile Salts By means whereof so grievous and often so mortal a suppression of Urine wherein the sick are sick at the heart Idem is not onely cured but prevented Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Syrup of Crystal is admirable in this case which is made thus Take of prepared Crystal a sufficient quantity dissolve it in juice of Lemons Boil the Solution with Sugar into the form of a Syrup Bikkerus 2. This emulsion is excellent Take of Seeds of Purple Violet half an ounce with a sufficient quantity of Speedwell-water make an Emulsion Crato 3. Fried Pellitory of the Wall applied Jac. Sylvius is an effectual Remedy 4. Root of Knotgrass drank with Water is very good as also the Seeds and Leaves of Trâ—foil boiled in Water and drank I have often experienced the Powder of the Jaw-bone of a Soused Pike Varignana 5. Let two or three heads of Garlick be boiled in White-wine add a little Treacle and Mithridate Give an ounce and an half in drink It presently provokes Urine Villanovanus A GUIDE TO The Practical Physician BOOK X. Of Diseases beginning with the Letter L. Lepra Arabum or The Leprosie of the Arabians The Contents When Bleeding is proper I. What such the Purges should be II. Whether Hidroticks and Diaphoreticks be proper III. Whether Vipers flesh be good IV. Whether Mineral Waters be proper V. Cured by Gelding VI. Contracted by long taking of Guaiacum cured with cooling things VII Asses Flesh cures it VIII Cured by eating Cucumbers IX We must sometimes desist from Medicines X. Cured by Salivation XI I. THE Leprosie must be cured a far different way from what it was of old For when it is distinguished from what antecedent matter it proceeds and how long it has lasted whether it be beginning or inveterate Remedies must be insisted on according to the diversity of the humour which caused it One beginning in which the signs as yet appear but obscurely in whom no Exulceration nor any Swelling appears and about the Face especially will be cured by Bleeding first then by taking an Electuary made of cooling and lenient things it will be cured also by frequent use of Baths hot and cold But that which has manifest signs as where Exulceration of the Nostrils and fleshy Tubercles appear when the Bloud comes out at the Nose must be no more cured as one beginning For in this Bloud must not be let in the greater Veins lest the Bloud that is as yet laudable contained in them which we ought to preserve with the greatest care should be let out because it is a curb to all the Humours by its temper tempering all the rest and reducing them to moderation Wherefore since there is but a little bloud in a Leprosie it ought to be saved by all means possible Rondeletius II. Such Medicines must be used for Purging as particularly purge the peccant humour Such therefore are not sufficient as purge any humour indifferently as Antimony chymically prepared which by vellicating or rather ulcerating the Stomach evacuates what humours it finds If this be given it must be at first before other Medicines to diminish the abundance of Excrements The Dose may be three four or five grains according to the Patient's strength with half an ounce of Sugar of Roses and this must be taken when the Stomach is full of meat and the Body according to Hippocrates his rule in taking Hellebore well stirred before Afterwards a Syrup may be taken which may correct the errour of the Antimony and may purge the humour particularly made of Borage Cichory Endive Scariola Lettuce Violets Lentils Polypody Carthamum Senna Dodder of Time which must be used for several days that the antecedent matter may be carried off by continual and frequent purging and may be averted from the flesh and habit of the body by the inner parts Idem III. Our Practitioners are much to be blamed who having first given gentle Purges do by sudorifick Medicines and by opening and inciding Syrups send the matter to the Skin whenas the Disease is in that part for this is to carry the excrements to the part affected and to increase the Disease it is better therefore to derive the matter by the Inwards This is a Disease of the outer parts of the Skin especially In such cases let the excrements of the body be retracted and be purged by the belly let them be expelled from the external parts to the internal by bathing in cold water for since it is a Disease in the Skin and the Flesh the excrements must be kept away Idem IV. Palmarius upon Fernelius his authority and his own experience disapproves of Vipers because he gave them to leprous persons without any benefi◠¶ Poterius says hâ— has used Vipers in Leprosies without any benefit though taken a long time He says indeed an old Itch has been cured by taking them for a long time V. Many send their Patients presently to the natural mineral Waters but because they dry much much harm often arises from them especially in the beginning of the Disease while heat and driness are prevalent and a Bath of cold water is more proper Sennertus VI. It is proper to hinder exsiccation because the essence of it consists in driness The bloud is serous and salt and therefore cannot be assimilated to the parts nor nourish for the end of nutrition is assimilition Therefore Women Children and Eunuchs are seldom troubled with this Disease for they are moister
Gentian root and other things boyled in White Wine may be applied to the region of the Stomach with woollen Clothes dipt therein hot and a little wrung out The use of Clysters is convenient Opiates also often do a great deal of good Of the Belly-ache and Scorbutick Colick No Disease almost requires more speedily help from Medicine then the Colick and Gripes which often happen in the Scurvy Against these evils Clysters of divers sorts Fomentations liniments and Cataplasms are used The use of Opiates is found very necessary here Certainly in this case that rule of Riverius to give purging Pills mixt with Laudanum has place especially for after sleep is caused and plentiful purging the Fit is often at an end But testaceous powders by which acid Salts are imbibed or fixt do very much conduce to drive away the Morbifick cause for example Take of powder of Crabs eyes Egg-shels each 1 drachm and an half Pearl 1 ounce Make a powder divide it into 12 Doses of which one sixth part may be taken once an hour with some Scorbutick water or with a Decoction of Root and Seeds of Burdock as is described before or with posset drink wherein Roots and Seeds of Burdock Leaves of sweet Marjoram and Saxifrage have been boyled and Leaves of Scurvy-grass infused In a Scorbutick Colick and in the Diseases of the Stomach but now mentioned the use of purging spaw-Spaw-waters such as ours of Epsum and Barnet are excellent good Of a Loosness and Bloody Flux An inveterate Loosness such as frequently happens to Scorbutick Persons must by no means be stopt with astringent Medicines nor is easily cured with Alteratives or any Antiscorbuticks Spaw waters impregnated with Iron or Vitriol are the best Remedy for this Disease next to these are artificial Spaws or Chalybeate Medicines which use to give great relief Crocus Martis rightly prepared may well be preferred before all the rest I have often used the following method with good success First of all give a purge of the powder or infusion of Rhubarb adding astringent Aromaticks and let it be repeated sometimes at the interval of 3 or 4 dayes the other dayes let the quantity of a Nutmeg of the following Electuary be taken in the morning and at 4 of the Clock Take of Conserve of common Wormwood made with an equal quantity of Sugar 6 ounces in a hot Constitution instead hereof Conserve of red Roses may be taken Species diarrhodon Abbatis two drachms Sanders white and red powdered each 1 drachm the best Crocus Martis half an ounce With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Steel make an Electuary In Dysenteries and a Tenesmus we may proceed in the like method Spaw waters if they may be had must especially be used Moreover Clysters of vulnerary Decoctions may be often used I lately cured one of a long and grievous Dysentery who had for a long time voided every day an ounce of Blood by Stool with this Remedy Take of the best Rhubarb in powder 1 ounce red Sanders powdered 2 drachms Cinnamon 1 drachm Crocus Martis 3 drachms Lucatellu's Balsome what is sufficient Make a mass for Pills he took 4 Pills sometimes every day sometimes every other day for a fort-night and he was perfectly cured I also prescribed him a Physick Beer of an Infusion of roots of sharp pointed Dock and Leaves of Brooklime to drink constantly Of the Vertigo Swooning and other Ails usually attending the same in the Scurvy A Vertigo frequently comes upon an inveterate Scurvy which is usually accompanied with frequent Swooning and almost a constant dread of it and moreover with a numbness in the Limbs and a pricking running hither and thither Which sort of Ails proceed from the failure of the Animal Spirits sometimes in the very fountain sometimes among the Nerves both Cardiack and which serve other parts and seeing they depend upon the Brain and Nervous kind being much pestered with a Scorbutick Salt they are not easily cured Cephalick Remedies such as are proper in the Vertigo and Paralytick Diseases caused by themselves must be used mixt with Antiscorbuticks Having therefore first of all made provision for the whole by fitting Catharticks and such as are proper in the Scurvy you may proceed in this manner with appropriate Medicines against the said Ails At the beginning of the Cure apply Leeches to the Haemorrhoid Veins and unless something contra-indicate let the same be often afterwards repeated Take of the powder of the Root of male peony half an ounce red Coral prepared 2 ounces Man's Skull Elk's hoof each 1 drachm Mix them Take of the best Sugar dissolved in compound Peony water or in Horse-radish water boyled up fit for Lozenges 8 ounces oyl of Amber well rectified half a drachm Make Lozenges according to Art Take a drachm and an half or two drachms morning and evening drinking thereupon a draught of the distilled water following Take of Leaves of Scurvy-grass Brooklime Cresses Lilly conval Sage Rosemary Betony each 3 handfuls green Walnuts 1 pound Peels of 6 Oranges and of 4 Lemons fresh Roots of male Peony 1 pound and an half When they are bruised and shred pour to them of Phlegm of Vitriol 1 pound Whey made with Cider 5 pounds Distil them after the common way let all the water be mixt together The Dose is from 3 to 4 ounces Of Haemorrhagies Haemorrhagies in the Scurvy often threaten great danger of the Patients being hastened to his end thereby while Blood bursts out sometimes at the Nose sometimes by the Menses or Haemorrhoids almost to Swooning Besides sometimes it being cast out of the Lungs or Stomach gives suspicion either of an Ulcer or at least of a great debility in the part affected Wherefore Bloody excretions if they either be immoderate or come in an inconvenient place must for the present be stopt and for the future prevented For stopping of Blood when it bursts out immoderately the method is well enough known and there is nothing to be done in this Case more peculiar because of the Scurvy than when it comes upon other occasions Yet to prevent Haemorrhagies Remedies may be used which take off the Acrimony of the Blood and straiten the Mouths of the Vessels which are too lax and gaping Each intention may be well performed by Chalybeate Medicines The use of Vitriolick Spaws is most proper for this business Moreover Infusions Extracts Salts and such preparations of Steel which especially contain the Saline or Vitriolick nature of Iron are ever good against Haemorrhagies Take of Conserve of red Roses of Hips each 3 ounces Species diarrhodon Abbatis Diatriωn each 1 drachm and an half Salt of Steel 1 drachm Crocus Martis well prepared 2 drachms red Coral prepared 1 drachm and an half With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Steel make an Electuary Thrice a day take the quantity of a Nutmeg drinking thereupon a draught of some appropriate Liquor I use to prescribe for the Poor in this manner Take of the tops of Cypress
Treacle he was well For Treacle is a common Remedy against all Poyson I could not prescribe a proper Antidote because I knew not what Nature the Poyson was of but by these means their Pain in their Stomach ceased and both of them were cured Forestus ¶ Cardan cured some that were dying of an unknown Poyson by giving them Milk to drink XLII It is found by experience that a Mule when his Guts are taken out has such an attractive and dissolving Virtue that it is able to extract and dissipate Poysons As it was proved in Valentine Borgia Pope Alexander the fifth his Son who being enclosed in a Mule which had its Guts taken out immediately overcame the violence of the Poyson Claudinus ¶ In the year 1629. Falcini an Illustrious Patavine having by Gods mercy escaped great treachery had a present of Wine sent him which when he had tasted he was long tormented with an Ulcer in his Stomach and by Sylvaticus his advice after Valentine Borgia's example he escaped after he had been inclosed in a Mule whose Guts were taken out the Poyson being drawn from within to the out parts of the Skin And an accident showed that the Wine was poysoned with Mercury sublimate for as many as drank of it found the Poyson one of his attendants among others after he had pissed Quick-silver which however it be prepared Rhodius Cent. 3. Obs â— is restored to its former shape by dropping some Spirit of Salt upon it escaped XLIV A Nobleman had a Son who consumed away and at last died After his Body was cut open a certain hard mass like unto horn was found in the bottom of his Stomach which was sent to his Father He in memory of his Son caused a spoon to be made of it which he often used at the Table It happened that when this Spoon was put into a Sallet of Water Cresses and Vinegar it dissolved Hence we may easily conjecture that Water-Cresses has no common virtue against a Philtrum Schenckius XLV We must know there are three sorts of Diseases which are held to come from Witch craft The first is no way Witch-craft but when the Devil observes any one will be taken with a Disease as he is well skilled in natural things he perswades Witches and Wizzards that if they will but do what he orders them the Man will fall into such a Disease into which notwithstanding he would have fallen had the Witches done no such thing And in the mean time the Witches think the Disease was caused by their power Secondly there are other Diseases which indeed are not caused by the Devil but by natural causes while he changes the natural constitution and corrupts and alters the Humours Thirdly there are Diseases which are simply caused by the Devil without the Mediation of natural Humours As to the first sort of these Diseases it is most manifest and without doubt that it may be cured with natural Remedies But the third cannot be cured by natural Remedies because natural things can have no influence upon the Devil who is a Spirit And natural Medicines are good to cure the second sort however they are not sufficient alone but besides there is need of a divine cure For since in such Diseases two causes concurr the Humours and such things as are in a humane Body and the Devil besides although the former cause be removed yet unless the Devil cease from acting and hurting a perfect cure cannot be expected And these natural Medicines are either such as evacuate those vitious Humours which the Devil uses in causing Diseases or alterâ—tives and Alexipharmacks contrary to the dispositions caused by him amongst evacuants Vomits are chief by which it is evident many stubborn Diseases have been cured whose cause lay in the Stomach Mesentery and thereabout Therefore Rulandus cured Demoniacks by giving Vomits for these vitious Humours being taken away the Diseases which by their means the Devil had caused to cease Nor indeed must Purgatives be neglected H. ab Heer 's obs 13. tells how one who was hurt with a Philtre was purged by Urine and so cured Aâ— to Alteratives and Alexipharmacks we must obsâ—rve that the word Veneficium is sometimes taken for Inchantment and an action absolutely magical s metimes for a Disease caused by Philtra Therefore when in Authors you find that this or the other Herb is good against veneficia they are for the most part to be understood of secret Poysons rather than of magical actions For since there are common Alexipharmacks they may very properly be used in these Poysons whose natures are for the most part hid Yea perhaps one may use them with success even in Diseases caused by the Devil seeing he also is able to cause poysonous Dispositions in the Body which may be conquered by such Medicines Yet in all these natural Medicines both outward and inward this must be observed if we may use them because often in occult Diseases we may try various Remedies that they be used without all manner of superstition ceremony pronunciation of Words and the like Sennertus and that we rely only on their natural Powers and leave the rest to God XLVI Because they say that in these Mountains there is no small number of Witches and Wizzards by whose Witchcraft several are oftentimes bewitched I will therefore describe a true and proper Alexiterick to drive away such a Poyson which I tried at Geneva with admirable effect in a certain Girl of Lions originally about 6 years old who had been long since bewitched by a certain Witch she was almost quite emaciated dumb destitute of her motive Faculty very voracious who upon taking a certain Alexipharmack twice or thrice and repeating it begun both to Speak and Walk A little while after her Father signified to me she was perfectly well And this Antidote is Dogs-tongue yet not the common but that which is described by Dioscorides l. 4. And we have hitherto used the Leaves not having yet tried the Roots Now the Witch who divulged this Alexiterick gave nine leaves to drink in Water but we neglecting the number of Leaves ordered an handfull to be boyled in half a pint of Water till half were boyled away then we gave the Decoction to the Patient on an empty stomach Afterwards one gave to another Girl at Geneva bewitched almost in the same manner half a drachm of Moibanus his Antidote in white Wine with good success with which within a little time after she had been purged upwards and downwards at last she recovered Because the virtue of this Alexipharmack is so great against almost all manner of Poysons I think it not amiss to describe it Take of root of Valerian half an ounce root of Swallow wort 1 ounce Polypody of the Oak Marsh-mallow wild Angelica each 2 ounces fresh Garden Angelica 4 ounces Bark of the Root of Spurge Laurel 1 ounce and an half All these Roots must be digged up
between the fifteenth of August and the eighth of September according to Moibanus but the Antidote is found as effectual though they be digged up later When they are cut let them be put in a glazed Pot pouring on strong Vinegar till it stand 2 inches above Then let the Pot be close covered with a Lid and let all the chinks be close stopt with Flouer and the White of an Egg well mixt together then let them boyl a little over a gentle Fire in the Pot Then open the Pot cast away the Vinegar remaining and let the Roots be dried till they may be powdered After when they are all powdered add of the Berries of herb Paris and make a Powder a drachm whereof at the most may be given in white Wine Jac. Aubertus Exerc. 42. in Fernel de abditis rerum causis to grown persons for the weaker sort 2 scruples or half a drachm is enough ¶ Carrichterus his Unguent wherewith a bewitched Girl was cured Take of Dogs grease well melted and clarified 4 ounces Bears grease 8 ounces Capon 's grease 24 ounces 3 bunches of Missletoe of the Hazle while green cut them to pieces and bruise them till they be moist then pound them altogether Wood Leaves and Berries Mix them all in a Glass which when you have set in the Sun 9 weeks you will extract a green Balsame anoint therewith the Places most pained H. ab Hee obs 8 rs and the Joynts of bewitched Bodies and upon certain experience you will Cure XLVII I have it from Dr. Geilfusius that he knew a Man who had been long ill of a Fistula in his Thigh out of which all manner of things came Rags Paper Hair c. after many Remedies had been used in vain one who was reckoned a Magician Joh. Doleus Misc cur ann 76. obs 61. strewed an ash-coloured Powder on the Wound and the sick Man was cured in a few dayes The Powder was the ashes of a Witch that was burnt XLVIII Concerning the Cure of poysonous and malignant Diseases Eustachius Rhudius l. 1. de morb occult advises to consider Whether the Body affected when the Poyson siezed him were pure and entirely sound or rather plethorick or cacochymick for the Plethory and Cachochymie must be removed before Alexipharmacks be used and he shows that this must be done very speedily in things very pernicious and that kill quickly but in those Poysons that will give truce longer time may be taken For he fears that the Plethora and Cacochymie will weaken the strength of the Antidotes and not suffer them to pass to the Part affected And indeed it must be granted that they are more in danger who when they are poysoned or seised with a malignant Disease do labor under a Plethory Cacochymie or other inward Ail for the reason aforesaid and because the Poyson more easily diffuses and multiplies it self in vitious Humors whence the Disease becomes more grievous Yet I deny that in Poysons which come to the Body from without this advice should be followed For seeing we must ever oppose that first which is most urgent and that it is certain there is most present danger of Life imminent from Poysons or that such an impression will be made as cannot afterwards be got off it is plain that the Poyson must first be opposed for if we should first employ our selves in removing the Plethory Cacochymie or Obstructions the Poyson will kill in the mean time or will so insinuate it self into the Body that no Skill can afterwards expell it But in Poysons that will give truce Sennertus the advice is not to be rejected Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physician 1. This is a most effectual Remedy to eat Garlick and drink strong Wine so that there will be need of no other Medicine if a Man can but bear the use of them ¶ A preservative that one cannot be hurt by Poyson Calaminth taken every day does naturally resist all Poyson ¶ This is a common Medicine sayes Strato which preserves from all Poyson Take leaves of Rue 20 Walnuts 2 Salt 1 grain Give this any man fasting Aetius and no Poyson will harm him 2. For eating of Mushromes One gave Hen's dung finely mixt with Oxycrate or Oxymel whereby the Patient found great relief Bâricellus 3. Against Napellus or Monk'shood the Plant that grows near the root of Napellus which is called Mâ—s. Half a drachm or a drachm of the root of this Plant may be given It is an Alexipharmack for Napellus A good Medicine also may be made of the great Flies which feed on Napellus ¶ Treacle or the powder of white water-Lily is good against white Hellebore Capivaccius 4. The Tincture of Emerauld or the Powder of it taken inwardly is the true Antidote against Toads Aug. Exlerus 5. Quintessence of Vitriol is the chiefest of all Treacles it expells all Animal Vetegable and Mineral Poysons Faber The Dose is 1 drachm at any time in some Broth or an Egg. 6. A Physician gave a Boy who had swallowed Aquaâ— fortiâ— â—â—cilage of Quinces to drink and the Boy recovered beyond all expectation ¶ For a Trembling from the fume of Quick-silver It does a great deal of good Forestuâ— if the tremulous Parts be often washed in ones own Urine 7. A drachm of Dittany in Gentian water with a little Zedoary or Citron seed drunk fasting brought away a great many Lizards from one Man ¶ The root of Walnut-tree if the upper rind be taken off and boyled in Water and Wine and drunk is good to bring away Frogs in Men as also the Powder of Bryony root taken in Milk Gabelchoverus 8. The following Experiment is highly commended by some Take of the middle rind of Elder finely scraped and a little dried in the shade 1 large handful Pour half a pint of new Goat's milk to it boyl it half away on a gentle fire Drink a draught of it Morning and Evening It is said that all Poyson which has been given a Man in his Meat or Drink for 3 years before will be utterly extirpated If it will not do at once repeat it Grulingius till at length through Gods Blessing the desired Event succeed 9. This is a most excellent Specifick against all Metallick Diseases arising from Fumes and Damps The Essence of Tartar which is thus made Take Liquor of Tartar Laudanum opiatum Oyl got out of Colcothar which being destilled will afford a Liquor 3 grains whereof for a Dose taken once in half a year is said to defend a Man from all poysonous Vapours of Metals But for him that is already infected abstract the Phlegm from the Vitriol till it grow as sweet as Honey and incline to a Purple colour The Dose 1 grain in Speedwell water Or let the Salt of Nettle be so long rectified in its Water in a moderate heat of Ashes Sand or Balneo till the fat of the Oyl appear
which must be separated from its Faeces 3 grains a day may be given for a Dose in Speedwell Water Kircheruâ— 10. This is proved by certain Experience if any one have swallowed Leeches or eaten Mushromes or any poysonous thing let him immediately drink warm Vinegar with a little Salt Kunrad and he will presently be cured by Vomiting 11. Against Opium Let Mustard and Castor be taken in equal quantities and put into the Nose Mercurialis to cause Sneezing 12. Treacle with â—xymel Simpl. or Scylliticum satisfies all Indications for none that ever took this after eating Mushromes died of them Panarolus but all through GOD's Blessing recovered 13. A Decoction of Linseed corrects all Erosions of the Stomach caused by taking Cantharides Platerus and it is reckoned their Antipharmack 14. Against Quicklime the Gall of a Roebuck from 1 scruple to 1 drachm taken in warm Water is an Antidote as also a scruple of Deer's Gall given the same way ¶ Against Gypsum 1 drachm of Mice dung in Wine ¶ Against Aqua fortis Mucilage of Quince seed Marsh-mallow and Gum Tragacanth drawn with Rose water and mixt with Honey of Roses and of Violets ¶ Against Antimony besides Treacle bole Armenick and Oyl of Cloves ¶ Against Arsenick Fossile Crystall powdered 1 scruple taken in Oyl of sweet Almonds also Oyl of Pine-nuts 3 drachms given in drink also juice of Mint 2 drachms ¶ Against Minium burnt Ivory 2 drachms in Wine also Treacle and Mithridate ¶ Against crude Mercury filings or leaves of Gold also juice of Burnet and Wine ¶ Against its Fume a draught of Wine wherein Rosemary Staechas Arabica and lesser Centaury have been boyled as also a draught of Sage and Zeodary water ¶ Against sublimate and precipitate fine powder of Crystal 1 drachm with Oyl of sweet Almonds also 2 drachms of Oyl of Tartar or salt of Wormwood ¶ Against Cinnabar burnt Ivory 2 drachms given in Wine ¶ Against Mushromes Hen's dung or ashes of Vine-branches with a little Nitre drunk with Honey and Water warm Sowre Pears are commended whether green or dry and if they be eaten before Mushromes or boyled with them they render the Mushromes harmless Treacle also is good But let a Man especially use Honey in his Meat which is a peculiar and proper Antidote against Mushromes ¶ Against Napellus Take of the Flies of Napellus they are blew Flies which sit and live upon no other Plant of the like Nature with this N o. 20 Birthwort Bole Armenick each 1 drachm Make a Powder ¶ Against Wolf's bane Opchalsamum 1 drachm ¶ Against Henbane Pistachio-nuts eaten and drunk ¶ Against green Coriander roots of Swallow-wort in Wine ¶ Against Euphorbium Citron seed in Wine wherein Elecampane root has been boyled also terra sigillata Emerauld prepared Crystall c. ¶ Against white Hellebore powder of the Flowers or roots of white Water Lily or Parsnep seed 2 drachms taken in Wine also Treacle ¶ Against the bite of a Viper Bezoar from half a scruple to 1 drachm boyled in Wormwood Wine and given Also Garlick Leeks Onyons Rue Treacle Mithridate Antidotus Matthioli which some highly commend the Dose is 3 drachms in some Cordial water ¶ Against a Scorpion besides the live Scorpion taken and bruised and applied to the Wound and Oyl of Scorpions the Milk of a Fig-tree dropt into the Wound is good ¶ Against the biting of a Leech Agrimony bruised and applied ¶ Against a Spider the Catkins of the Walnut-tree dried in an Oven from 1 drachm to 2 given in Hydromel or white Wine also Treacle and Bole Armenick taken in Vinegar also the dry Reâ—â— of the Fir-tree Against Cantharides Penny-royal taken either in Substance or in Decoction also Terra Lemnia 2 drachms or Winter Cherries N o. 10 with Wine ¶ Against the Venome of Flies Bees and Wasps the Animals themselves bruised and applied to the Part also live Sulphur mixt with Man's spittle Rue or the Milk of the Fig-tree applied to the Place And if there be need Coriander may be given inwardly with Sugar ¶ Against the Brain and Blood of a Cat half a scruple of Musk taken frequently ¶ Against Milk curdled on the Stomach Vinegar simple or of Squills also the juice of Mint new drawn also Milk of the Fig-tree given with Wine and Vinegar also the Runnet of any Animal ¶ Against the poysonous Sweat of any creature Take Bole Armenick Terra Sigillata Bay-berries each 1 drachm the Runnet of a Roe-buck or instead of it of an Hare half a drachm Myrrh leaves of Rue each half a drachm with clarified Honey make an Electuary Senâ—ertus Take 2 drachms every day 15. All things premised that ought it is the best way to drive out the Poyson to the Skin to which purpose this is a most excellent Water Take of Aqua theriacalis camphorata 1 drachm and an half Liquor of Tartar corrected Spirit of Vitriol each half a drachm the oyly Liquor of red Corall 1 drachm Oyl of Turpentine 5 drops of Juniper 4 drops Essence of Celandine half a drachm Water of the root of Colts foot Eryngo each 1 ounce of Elder flowers Wall Gilliflowers each half an ounce red sweet Wine 2 ounces and an half Vid. Vidius Mix them Destill them in Balneo Keep it for use Ventriculi affectus or Diseases of the Stomach See Stomachicks Book XIX The Contents Whether Topicks must be applied for the strengthning of it I. What such the things that are applied to the Back should be II. Plaisters should not be long kept on III. What dry Things are applied must not be cold or astringent IV. An Instrument to scour a foul Stomach V. It admits of an Incision VI. When the Stomach is ill the Diet must be thin VII The Cure of an unaequall Intemperature VIII In a hot Intemperature we must take care of the Liver IX A Vomit is most convenient for an Intemperature with an Humor X. The Efficacy of Hiera in cold Diseases with Phlegm XI Strong Purges are hurtful XII We must use Heaters with caution XIII When Wormwood Wine may be given XIV How far we may heat the Stomach XV. Things with Vinegar in them are not proper in every Crudity XVI A Caution about digesting Powders XVII Strengthning Powders do harm upon account of the Sugar XVIII The use of Pepper is strengthning the Stomach XIX When the drinking of hot or cold Water is good XX. Spirit of Vitriol is hurtful XXI Whether Spirit of Vitriol of Venus be proper XXII All strong destilled Things are hurtfull XXIII Destilled Aquae vitae help not Concoction XXIV Strong smelling Things must not be added to digestive Powders XXV Things that heat the Stomach if the Liver be hot must be taken after Meat XXVI Wormwood worn under the Soles of the feet cures a cold Stomach XXVII Over hot things applied do hurt XXVIII Wine rather hinders Concoction than helps it XIX An austere Wine in a dry Intemperature
are drunk actually cold Sebis p. 546. they would offend the Stomach by their coldness IV. No Nation seems to drink Mineral waters more freely than the Italian for Fallopius prescribes them to 120 ounces The Germans are more sparing for Andernacus will not have the largest Dose to be above twenty seven ounces Though we cannot appoint a certain measure which may be as a Standard yet we think it profitable to express in some latitude the least middle and greatest Dose For people that are grown up let the least Dose be eight or twelve ounces the middle thirty two the highest sixty four And that a convenient quantity may be prescribed we must consider the circumstances as the Disease the Temperament Strength Age and Sex of the Patient the climate time of year manner of life custom habit of Body parts affected and the like Of which the greatness and vehemence of the Distemper is the Indicant properly so called thâ— strength of the Patient is the Permitteâ— or Prohibenâ— the other circumstances are the siâ—ns of the weakness or vigour of this Idem p. 53. But the most certain ruâ—â— for tâ—â— quantity is the Euphory or well-bearing when the Stomach dispenses well with it But daily experience shews that those that drink the spaw-Spaw-waters but in small quantity receive but small benefit by them yea are often prejudic'd whereas those that drink them plentifully are cur'd of great Distempers by them so that Frambesâ—iâ—â— sayes rightly that the more one drinks the â—oâ—e good he receiâ—es if so bâ— they paâ—â— wâ—ll Tâ—erefore let every one consider his Stomach how much Water he can bear and how soon he passes it and let this be his rule Heer Spadacien p. 114. That the best Indication is taken from Hurters and Helpers V. Authors advise to ascend by degrees to the highest Dose that the Stomach may be inured by little and little to the Waters as being actually cold and also that it may be understood how the Patient will be upon the drinking of them for a mans peculiar temper does not presently appear But we here admonish again that respect is not to be had so much to the number of cups as to the Euphory or well-bearing of the Patient and that the measure is to be accommodated to every ones nature Sebis p. 516. VI. When one is once come to the highest Dose some advise to keep to it till the end But because experience teaches that the diseased can seldome hold to the greatest Dose for four or five dayes but that they fall into Vomiting Fainting or difficulty of Breath it is more adviseable to follow the counsel of Herodotus in Oribasius Claudin de Inq. Sect. 1. viz. to descend by degrees till one come again to the first and least quantity VII Ryetius admonishes prudently to drink that quantity which a Man prescribes to himself in as little a time as may be that is to make an end of it in half an hour for otherwise seeing these waters pass quickly it would come to pass that the first should pass before the last be drunk which although Fallopius allow yet 't is generally disliked because by this means the last would be evacuated more slowly to the great prejudice of the drinkers and this is proved by daily experience and as many as have been often at the Spaw Heer p. 119. will subscribe to the truth of it VIII Some prescribe a certain number of dayes others have regard to the colour and consistence of the evacuated water which if for two dayes together it be such as before it was drunk they then think 't is time to abstain We think they are to be drunk so long as the Patients bear them well without confining them to a certain number of dayes and that they are also to be drunk so long as seems necessary for the perfect cure or at least for the bettering or manifest change of the diseased But as for the two first opinions we can subscribe to neither for as for the first it is impossible to prescribe a certain number of dayes because of the diversity of Diseases and Morbifick causes and as to the second it cannot be a certain rule seeing the Waters are used not only in Diseases with matter for Humours contained in the Veins but in Diseases without matter Sebiâ— p. 509 for altering and strengthning IX Some will have them warmed lest they offend the Stomach and Bowels with their coldness but experience teaches that many thousands drink your Acidulae cold without any prejudice Yea they ought not to be heated 1. because thereby they become white frothy turbid and some of them red whence is intimated a loss of their vertue by evocation of their Spirits which also happens to other Liquors as Wine c. 2. being drunk lukewarm they loose the tone of the Stomach and are vomited up Yet lest by their coldness they should offend an empty Stomach being taken out of the Well let them be held a little in ones hand in a closed Veâ—â—el thaâ— by that means they may lose somewhat â—f their coldness and let them be swallowed leisurely that as they descend into the Stomach Idem p. 583. they may be a little warmed by the parts they pass through viz. the Mouth and Gullet X. If the Waters altogether stagnate or abide in the Body as it happens to some what is to be done I answer there are divers receptacles of the Water in such cases If therefore they stay in the Intestines which is known by rumblâ—ng oâ— the Belly by belthing by teâ—sion and weight oâ— the abdomen then on the same day inject a Clyster of the same water with an ounce or two of hiera picra or of hiera Logadii or also of hiera diacolocynthis and so you shall bring the water all away But if this succeed not then try a sharper Clyster and the day following administer some purger of the Phlegm that has hindered the passage of the Waters and do this for two or three dayes together if it be necessary omitting in the mean time the use of the Waters But if the Water be retained in the Veins which is known by the absence of belching and of rumbling and swelling of the Belly let the Body be purged the next day for the absence of pain presses not for a Clyster on that day with Pills of hiera with agarick or with Pii Aloëphanginae being taken to three scruples and an half and afterwards procure sweating If these Pills bring not away the Water Fallopius advises to add a grain or two of Elaterium to one Dose of the said Pills Yea Fallopius was wont for the making of the Mineral Waters pass to give something of Elaterium first Heer p. 140. and after that the Water with very good success XI The English upon drinking the Waters presently smoke a pipe of Tabaco which I do not disallow but it would do better if by
diuretick capillary herbs the cold Seeds c. they are unseasonably administred in the beginning and augment of a Fever and they are given at no other time now a days whereas Diureticks should never be administred in these but when the matter is concocted and the Disease in its declination Besides it is ridiculous with so great labour and cost to prepare a Remedy that is unpleasant and of an uncertain effect when we may with great security and freedom use with an easie boiling and light expences those things that have been approved by the Ancients and confirmed by the Moderns Omitting those therefore let us use Mead Oxymel c. Oxymel alone is commended as resisting putrefaction attenuating thickness exterging clamminess penetrating to the Skin and not encreasing the Fever nor will it rake the Guts or cause coughing or affect the Nerves if you lessen the Vinegar and increase the Honey In the Melancholick and in Hysterical women Mead is to be made use of and if it seem to turn to choler Augere Ferrer castigat â—ap 14. make it very dilute of the waters of Endive Succory c. or instead of Honey use Sugar c. XVI Those plainly doat that order a great quantity of Herbs Roots c. to be boiled in the water of Barley thoroughly boiled for a thorough Decoction of Barley is Ptisan and it has too solid a consistence to admit the consistence of so many things And if you boil it more slightly the water will be flatulent and it will also make that promiscuous decoction soon apt to corrupt ¶ Martian denies that a slight Decoction of Barley is flatulent Idem cap. 28. XVII Those that in acute Diseases continue laxative Apozems enervate the strength and deviate quite from the true way of curing which commands that at the beginning we should lessen the matter afterwards incide the thick things that obstruct Idem ibid. and deterge the clammy and open the obstructions themselves XVIII The Body will be soluble or slippery if on the day before the Patient is to take an Infusion of Senna or other Purge he take a Clyster of the Decoction of Fluellin mixed with Capon or Cock broth and a little Sugar added Johan Crato Consil 37. apud Scholtzium this will do more good than if he weaken his Stomach for many dayes with Syrups XVIII By the long use of Apozems that dissolve Phlegm the Phlegm which plentifully stagnated in soft Bodies especially of Women and Cachectick Persons is first attenuated then dissolved into water which descending by its weight fills the capacity of the lower Belly which we see happen through the unwary giving of Purgers whereby the Belly is so swelled that all think there is a Dropsie Wherefore that Patients that are full of thick Phlegm may not incur this danger let the Skilful Physician daily before he gives his Apozems premise a little of the troches of Wormwood of Capers of Maudlin c. That some have faln into a Dropsie by Syrups that have been too inciding is noted by Averroes 7. Collig Henric. ab Heer 's Spadacr cap. 10. Heurn Meth. l. 3. c. 7. and l. 2. c. 17. XIX There is a new but wholsome way of infusing Herbs in Fevers where there are great obstructions for Infusions pass into the Veins more easily than either decoctions or distillations Now this infusion is twofold one when the Medicine is put into hot water and the Vessel presently shut and we set it upon warm ashes to continue the warmth of the water and then it is strongly strained out the other is more ineffectual when we put it into water that is not hot Heurn meth m. l. 1. and let it stand therein for a Night c. XX. All distilled waters are cold even the water that is distilled from the hottest simple as suppose from Calamint which bites the Tongue like Pepper and yet heats not but cools And I have seen some that have been inflamed by drinking the decoction of the Indian wood Montan. consult 42. to be greatly cooled by Calamint water ¶ As much as may be let us abstain from distilled waters as from those things that are very offensive to the Stomach Claud. l 2. de integr c. 6. XXI The Ancients gave tedious decoctions long Infusions and Apozems the Moderns consulting for tâ—e delicate and curing per compendium prefer before these digestive powders of Magisteries Salâ—s Essences and divers other preparations Horstius tom 2. p. 193. in the Hypochondriack Melancholy prâ—sâ—ribes this for a digestive Take of the Magistery of red Corals a scruple of the Magistery of the Sponge-stone half a scruple mix them Give this in a decoction of Turnips with the rinds on that through the bitterness of these the decoction may open Hoâ—fer Here. med l. 3. c. 3. penetrate and incide the more powerfully ¶ If any that is taught to understand more than the vulgar shall bend his mind to Chymical preparations and more effectual Remedies and therefore more safe if so be they be rightly administred we will commend to him both Tinctures and Extracts and also Oils prepared by art likewise Volatil Salts but chiefly oleous to be got by art out of most parts of Animals and convenient for use Which being generally less ungrateful than the vulgar Medicines and taken in a far less quantity and operating more quickly and kindly and also more effectually than they are deservedly desired by the sick that are afflicted enough of themselves so that it is unbecoming a Physician that would be esteemed compassionate yea it is inhumane not to be willing to help when he can the infirmity loathing and nausea of the Sick by a more grateful Medicine but to chuse rather to be continually adding affliction to the afflicted Wherefore I think the more kind are to be preferred before those surly Physicians Fr. Sylv. Pract. l. 1. c. 34. §. 103. and a compliance is to be made both by the Physician and his Medicines to the natural infirmity and sometimes peevishness of the Sick c. XXII Those err who for cooling Alteratives give those things that are very commonly eat as Succory and Lettuce I say they err because Nature being used to them has contracted such a friendship and familiarity with them that there is no strife betwixt them and consequently no benefit to be expected For some when they are well will eat a whole Plate full of Lettuce or Succory every day and therefore 't is an idle thing to believe that Men who have for a long time been nourished by Lettuce and Succory Sanctor meth l. 4. c. 13. can be cooled by two or three leaves XXIII J. B. Sylvaticus Contr. 46. rejects the use of the Spirit of Vitriol in Fevers because it may colliquate the tender flesh and pâ—ejudice the substance of the part by dissolving the primigenial moisture 1. Because Galen and Dioscor say that it partakes of a corroding and septick quality I
acid Humour appears from this If the Ail be alleviated by taking Acids Melancholick persons who have a good stomach after the use of Acids seldom recover We amend the loss of Appetite that depends upon some fault in the acid Humour with Acids and we see that Acids are good almost for all Diseases but those of the Breast Spirit of Vitriol is qualified by a mixture of Sulphur Vineger is good and Oranges and Lemons but people often take too much and then they fall into gnawing of the Stomach and much spitting a little Sugar qualifies them The season for giving them is in the state of Declination before Dinner not before Supper lest when their Appetite is raised they eat over-much and so be not able to bear the Assault of the Disease which is always more violent toward night nor to digest your Food the Seeds of Citrons and Oranges may both be eaten because of their Cordial Virtue The loss of Appetite which arises from decay of strength is seldom cured unless that Decay come of a cold Cause then hot and Aromatick things are proper In old Men that through weakness have lost their Appetite Valaeus m. m. p. 145. hot things are not so good inwardly as outwardly For taken inwardly in dry Bodies they create greater dryness Outwardly Oil of Mace is good and a Tost of Bread dipt in Malmsey Wine II. Rondeletius Pract. lib. 2. cap. 14. In all Loss of Appetite let the Food be given actually cold and if possible let it be set before the Patient when he is not aware of it Let such use bread well baked or a good while dried in the Air or dry Cakes well fermented and not too close III. When any one complains he never comes to his Meat with an Appetite it is advisable to make him fast till he have a stomach Vallesius 6. Epid. s 4. for starving breeds Appetite So when a Man cannot get sleep if he be forced to wake and nod standing before he be suffered to ly down he usually falls into a long and profound sleep IV. Want of Appetite in Women not with Child is cured better by Purging than Letting of Bloud for it arises of bad humours abounding in the Stomach and the whole Body In Women with Child bloud-letting is the better Cure Riverius for it is caused by retention of bloud while they are first breeding V. Because Choler dejects the Appetite by its heat to cleanse the stomach a Decoction of Tamarinds soure Prunes and Sebesten with syrup of Roses and Rheubarb should be given The morrow following this Medicine two hours before Meal let them drink a draught of cold water Rondeletius l. c. unless weakness of the stomach or something else do hinder Let them use soure Sauces and they may take a Tast of Salt things VI. But if Phlegm be the Cause after Evacuation it is best to give Acids but with detersive and salt things for what sweet things are detersive they satiate and are flatulent wherefore they are not good in this case unless a great deal of Vineger be added Idem so as they may scarce be perceived to be sweet VII For raising the Appetite Sylv. de le Boe Prax. Med. Append Tract 3. Sect. 210. which is often dejected in Consumptive Persons I think there is no better Remedy known as yet than Elixir Proprietatis if 4 or 5 drops of it be taken in Wine or some other convenient Liquor about half an hour before Meal VIII Sometimes I have known the Appetite recover of its own accord But that falls out for the most part either because of an exact Diet which sometime is rightly observed even by chance or of some notable Evacuations or Alterations that are spontaneous For when the noxious humours are conquered and amended or evacuated Idem Prax Med. Appen Tract 10. Sect. 739. the usefull and necessary ones by degrees recover their lost strength and then exert it Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians Petr. Fotest l. 18. Obs 8. 1. I steeped for a night some Leaves of Roman Wormwood and a Root or two of Dandelion a little bruised in Rhenish-Wine In the morning I strained out the Wine and gave it my Patient and which is wonderfull he voided a dead Worm and a living one and his stomach increased to a wonder 2. Peaches eaten before Meals get a stomach if it be lost through a hot cause Syrup of Peaches may be thus made Take of the Juice of Peaches scarce ripe 4 Pounds boil half away let the dregs settle then add of Pomegranate juice 6 ounces Sugar and a little red Sanders as much as sufficeth make a Syrup Idem Obs 9. The Dose 2 ounces morning and evening two hours before Meal If you want Peaches you may use Juice of foure Apples Fred. Hofman Meth. Med. p. 319. 3. In the loss of Appetite through weakness of stomach in the declination of a Disease Amber from 1 grain to 5 mixt with Faecula Ari is a specifick Also Ivory calcined without fire is very good 4. The best thing and which raises an Appetite above all others is Antidotus Thespesiana thus described by Galen Take of Smallage-seed 1 ounce and an half Myrrh Anniseed Opium each 6 drachms white Pepper 5 drachms Parsly Spikenard long Pepper each half an ounce Eusta Rud. Art Med. l. 2. c. 12. Castor Flowers of Juncus Odoratus Saffron each 3 drachms Cinnamon 2 drachms Cassia lignea half an ounce Mix them with boiled Honey make an Electuary Take about the quantity of an Hazle nut when you go to bed with 4 ounces of Water River prax Med. l. 9. c. 1. 5. Balsam of Peru is an excellent Remedy for this if some drops of it be given in Hippocras-Wine or some other an hour or two before Meal Diseases of the Anus The Contents The Way of putting it up when fallen I. We must abstain from too much Astringents II. We must spare the Sphincter in Curing the Fistula III. The Cure of the Condylomata by pricking IV. The Cure of the crested Haemorrhoids by Excision V. Medicines I. I Will propose a Way of Cure which at first sight will look ridiculous but what is of great use in the falling out of the Arse-gut Slap the Buttocks of your Patient with your flat hand five or six times or oftner that the Muscles Ani Levatores may immediately draw up the Intestinum rectum into its place Barbette Chirurgiae cap. 9. But before you thus beat your Patient it is requisite you anoint the Intestinum rectum with oil of Roses and Myrtle II. In curing the falling out of the Arse-gut you must abstain from too much Astringents lest by making the Body Costive and therefore causing greater straining Platerus you rather promote than hinder the falling of it out III. Riolanus Anthropogr lib. 2. reprehends almost all modern Surgeons in curing Fistula's which are very often bred in Ano
to her former Liberty XIV But it is to be observed that I never use any Purge wherein there are Hermodactyls when the Patient should be preserved from the Gout For there is no need to fetch the Humours out of those parts into which nothing is fallen except it be an old and knotty Gout which by frequent fits hath a return of its pains and therefore let us be content with things that cleanse the Veins and Head Spigelius de Arthritide p. m. 80. if it be in fault after gentle Purging Heurnius meth med l. 2. c. 2◠XV. In the Gout we must not lightly give Cassia for part of it turns into nourishment and so renders the parts lax and liable to defluxions XVI Diureticks are good in the Scorbutick running Gout for nothing more plentifully expells by Urine the Serous Humours contaminated with a Scorbutick Ferment which stirs up the Archaeus to that Affection especially when these Specificks are Antiscorbutick Frid. Hofm m. m. l. 1. c. 12. which their effect doth clearly shew for after the use of them the Urine which before was clear is made thick XVII Whether Salivation which is an universal Evacuation be proper in the beginning of a Fit of the Gout I Answer I have never made trial of the thing nor have I any reason which might perswade me to use it but many not to use it For Salivation cannot be raised presently but after some days which here would be to no purpose And Salivation proceeds slowly here is need of speedy Evacuation And if one endeavour to promote overmuch you endanger your Patients life Sylvius de le Boë Tract 8. Sect. 171. sequel Yet I do not deny but it would be good sometime for Gouty persons that are clogged with much viscid Phlegm but then it must not be in the fit but when they are free of it and while they are strong so that they neglect not other things but have respect to other peccant Humours XVIII Dr. Willis cap. de Arthritide relates a Case of a Gentleman who upon his being cured of the Stone in the Kidneys was seized with the Gout To cure which he was advised to drink his own Urine In a Month or two his Gout left him but the Stone in his Kidneys returned again and in a short time he died of a total Suppression of Urine When he was opened they found his right Kidney quite wasted and in his left between the Cavity and the Passage a great heap of Gravel and small Stones The Dr. imputes his last misfortune to his drinking his own Water XIX Powders of Bones Stones and Shells as also of sharp Vegetables which are called the Alexiteria of this Disease are good in a fit of the Gout for they conquer the Morbifick Particles and by fermenting with them as it were mortifie and then they cast them out so conquered by Sweat and Urine Willis XX. Sweats after Vomiting and Purging are commended by some in the method of Cure Indeed when the Heat is cooled and most part of the symptomes gone it were very proper to draw off the relicks of the matter in the Habit of the Body by Sweat or insensibly that the Cure may be accomplished the Swelling disperst the part asswaged and made more nimble and fit for motion But here you must take special care for there is great hazard in Sweats given unseasonably lest the Parts grow more inflamed the Salt residing in them be made more fixt and its passage thence more difficult or its concretion into insuperable knots more easie If therefore the Humour causing the Fit be thin enough and moveable Th. de Mayerne Tract de Arthritide MS. so as it may be drawn off at one essay and leave no dregs or tartarous matter behind but that most part of it pass by sweat you may give sudorificks but they must be very gentle of the Decoction of Groundpine or Burdock and you must use such a Regiment as the Remedy may prove of use which otherwise will be very hazardous XXI A Milk Diet challenges not the lowest place among Alteratives namely that the Patient use no other food for three or four Months Let him drink new milk Morning and Evening about Noon and at other times he may eat it boyl'd with White-bread Barly or Oat-meal I have known some receive remarkable benefit from this sort of Diet but others who upon the use of Milk have grown worse and their Gout not at all cured but have contracted great Obstructions of their Bowels and a Cacochymy Willis cap. de Arthritide Therefore this Course should not be entered into without the Advice of a prudent Physician and diligent observation whether it agree or no. XXII Fortis Cors 66. Cent. 4. Preparatives should respect the Humours wholly and not the Joints the preservation whereof must be endeavoured seeing they contain no matter at present otherwise the preparatives would rather carry matter to them XXIII When the Defluxion is violent and the Pains intense nothing is more gratefull and proper to cause sleep which stops all Evacuation except Sweat nor is there any thing comparable to Laudanum 2 3 or four grains of which may be given at the hour of sleep for several nights successively In time of Pest the Humours concoct The. de Mayerne Tract de Arthritide p. 41. and Nature recovers strength and makes head against the Adversary There are other Narcoticks succedaneous to Laudanum but it has the preheminence above all the rest XXIV Alterative Medicines by the Ancients called Gout Antidotes are of excellent use and taken for a long time together with an exact observation of the six nonnatural things often give great Relief Those Medicines are reckoned the chief of this nature which are endued with a Volatile Salt or Balsamick Sulphur inasmuch as these do exalt the fixt Salt and they reduce the Sowre Moreover bitter things such as the leaves of Germander Groundpine Centaury the roots of Gentian Aristolochia c. for these things are approved by experience in this Disease seem to be proper for this reason Willis c. de Arthritide because they help concoction and Chylification and restrain the Salino-fixt feculencies that they be not carried to the Bloud XXV Although there be danger in all sorts of outward Applications in Repellers for fear of a recourse of the Humours to the noble parts of increase of pain when they are return'd inwards and of the concretion of them in the Joints in Diaphoreticks lest when the thinner parts are dispersed the rest of the Humour settle deeper in the part of Anodynes for fear of Relaxation and of Narcoticks for fear of weakning the Parts Yet Anodynes seem most necessary because Pain that most grievous Symptome weakens draws the Humours to the Parts affected causeth want of sleep restlesness a hot intemperature in the Bowels and a Fever in the Bloud it dejects the Appetite spoils Concoction and breeds bad
consider with himself whether he be able to persist in it all his life which yet perchance he will not be able to doe be he never so resolved For I know a Nobleman who after he had lived a whole year on Milk alone not onely without offence but with a great deal of pleasure all which time he went to stool once a day or oftner growing costive on a sudden and the temper of his body being changed but the resolution of his mind still continuing Idem p. 75. and his Stomach at length loathing Milk was forced to give over Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. An admirable Electuary for all Gout Pains which I have often used with good success I declare it eases them presently without trouble it cools the fiery heat and so qualifies the Part Jul. Caes Baricellus hort Gen. p. 90. that I have seen some sick of the Gout recover the same day they took this Physick It is made thus Take of white Hermodactyls cleansed from their upper coat Diagridium each 3 drachms Costus Cummin-seed Ginger Cloves each 1 drachm Let them be powdered and with some proper Syrup or with Honey and White-wine boil'd together make an Electuary The dose is from 3 drachms to 4. 2. Take of Germander Groundpine lesser Centaury Aristolochia rotunda Sage Betony each 1 ounce of the best ripe Guaiacum 8 ounces Crato lib. 6. Cons 100. Make a Powder By this one Remedy the Gout may be perfectly cured except a Man will lead Sardanapalus his life The dose is 1 drachm in the morning for several weeks 3. This is reckoned excellent for prevention Rod. à Fonseca Tom. 2. Cons 59. Take of pure Spring-Water 10 pounds the Wood of Mastick-Tree cut very small 3 ounces Let them boil an hour drink of this Water at Dinner and Supper For it strengthens the Stomach helps Digestion and prevents Defluxions This was given me as a secret by a very skilfull Physician 4. In a hot cause I think nothing is better Spigelius de Aâ—thritide p. 84. if I may conclude from my Experience than the Powder of Wild Cichory Leaves dried in the shade and gathered in May. A drachm or 2 scruples may be given in a little Chicken Broth without Salt in the morning 4 hours before dinner and in the evening as he goes to sleep either with a spare Supper or with none at all ☞ The outward Medicines are either indicated before or may be sufficiently compensated by this single one described in the following Discourse which seems of more moment in the Cure of the Gout than all that our great Physicians have relied on whether inward or outward put together The SUM of WILLIAM TEN RHYNE'S M. D. Treatise of the Gout PART I. The Aitiology Ten Rhyn de Arthrit p. 94. ALthough it be besides our Design to meddle with Theory yet I have two Reasons not to omit this of the Gout 1. It 's extraordinary Novelty shall I say or Antiquity New I must call it because lately transmitted to us from the East Indies but it must be really Ancient For it makes up one half of a Japan Doctour as the Needle makes the other and they derived this moiety of their skill from Ingenious China where perhaps its date may be so old that the eldest Chronicle in Europe cannot Synchronize But certain I am it is as Ancient as our Father Hippocrates as the Issue will prove 2. It s extreme Necessity For the reason why the Gout has been hitherto incurable by us Europaeans is the Ignorance of its true Cause as Prosper Martianus in his first Section frankly acknowledges Wherefore to doe the Learned Graecian and the Ingenious Barbarian both right and my Countrymen good I thought it a pity to let the Moxa go without its Reason lest it should lie undiscerned under a multitude of Plasters and Pultesses good for the Gout and for want of good Credentials it should not reflect the honour due to its Authours nor afford the tortured man that ease which it is able to procure To avoid therefore any farther Preamble and not to meddle with Etymologies we thus describe the Gout The Gout is a preternatural little and for the most part invisible and inwardly latent Tumour of the Periosteum arising from a dry and malignant Vapour which by the contractive motion of the Heart is forced with the Bloud through the Arteries to the Limbs and to the Joints thereof especially and violently separates the Periosteum from the Bone into which Interstice this Vapour being once forced doth stick there most tenaciously and distend the said Membrane of a most tender sense and so is the cause of that sharp Pain and sometime hinders the Member it self in its motion I call it an inwardly latent Tumour to distinguish it from other flatulent Tumors for whereas these lie between the flesh and skin or interstices of the Muscles the other lies hid under the thin film that covers the Bones I call it an invisible Tumour not that I am ignorant how in this Disease there are Swellings conspicuous enough but lest I should stumble upon the same Stone at which so many eminent Doctours for several Ages have tript For difference should be made between a Disease and its symptomes between that Swelling that is peculiar to the Gout which though a small one yet is the onely cause of Pain and that Swelling that is subsequent to the Pain of the Part For at the beginning these Pains are without any Swelling though afterwards about the State of the Disease the Part affected often swells The Practice of the Ancients might afford considerable Arguments for this latent Tumour as their cutting and burning Hippocrates lib. 3. de morb speaking of the Cure of the Pleurisie saith If he do not spit and it give some signs of it on the side cut or burn him But the most cogent may be drawn from the Panacea of China and Japan i. e. Burning by Moxa and from Acupuncture in Japan which puts it out of all doubt that most Diseases arise from a noxious Vapour the cause of some invisible Tumour And that a Vapour is the Cause I have Hippocrates his authority for it lib. de Flatibus Who saith That we live of Meat Drink and Air and then he shews how the Air especially is Authour both of Life and Death to all Animals He saith That this Air or Spirit which in our Bodies we call a Vapour is the sole cause of all Diseases He instances in Fevers Griping of the Guts Defluxions Dropsies Apoplexies Epilepsies and concludes that it holds true in all other Diseases but that it would be tedious to particularize them all When he comes to Defluxions under which the Gout has been ever ranked he hath these words The Spirit is involved in the Bloud near the narrow Veins and the thinnest part which I judge is the Vapour that causes the Gout is thrust out by the
transpire as also after rubbings and anointings Comfrey Roots boiled in Spring-water is successfully applied to the Parts in form of a Cataplasm Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Rod. à Fonseca Cons 56. Swines bloud distilled is a singular thing to make one fat Take of Swines bloud 2 pounds distill it in a Glass in Balneo Give 2 ounces of this Water with a little Sugar every morning for 15 days 2. A Water distilled off Swines bloud Hartman prax Chym. de Atrophia and cooling and moistning Plants does a wonderfull deal of good It is made thus Take of Swines bloud 2 pounds rub it between your hands that all the Fibres may be taken away add of the Leaves of Betony Coltsfoot Red-Roses Mallows each 1 handfull Lettice 2 handfulls Melon-seeds excorticated 1 ounce Coltsfoot Water 2 pounds Distill them in Balneo by an Alembick Put to every pound of Water 3 ounces of Manus Christi perlatae Let him drink often of this Water 3. Joh. Stokerus pr. l. 1. c. 60. In an Atrophy of the Limbs Nettle Juice is excellent to anoint the Limbs withall that are extenuated 4. The Virtue of this Liquour is admirable Weikardus Tract Pract. l. 4. p. â—â— 582. Take of Mentha Saracenica Rosemary small Sage Flowers of Cheiri Lavender Lily Convall Roman Chamaemil Spike of each equal parts Bruise them steep them for a Month in Spirit of Wine strain them out very hard keep it and bathe the Limbs with it Aurium affectus or Diseases of the Ears See Surditas The Contents Whether a Vomit or a Purge be convenient in pain of the Ears I. Whether Repellents should be applied II. Whether gentle Medicines must always be used III. Whether Faventinus his Onion be always proper IV. Violent Pain gives way to Purgatives when it will not to outward applications V. Whether Vinegar and Oxyrrhodina may be used VI. Whether Narcoticks may be poured into the Ears VII The Cure of an-Imposthume when broken VIII Things got into the Ear are to be got out and not to be left to Nature IX How a Leech was got out of the Ear. X. General Rules for Cure XI Whether moist things may be used XII How any Liquor may be drawn from the bottom of the Ear. XIII Spirituous Waters are to be-preferred before Oils XIV Medicines I. WHether should we Vomit or Purge in pain of the Ears A Vomit seems better according to Hippocrates Aphor. 4.18 Those pains above the Midriff which stand in need of Evacuation require a Vomit And according to that Precept lib. de loc in hom n. 55. Diseases are to be discharged by the part next to them and to be drawn out by that part that hath a passage nearest each of them In lib. de affect he expresly commends Vomit If pain arise in the Ears it is good to wash in much hot water and to apply a Fomentation to the Ears and if by these means the attenuated Phlegm depart from the Head and the pain cease these things are sufficient But if not a Vomitory Potion is the best Medicine Where you must observe that the seat of Phlegm the cause of the Pain is above and so according to Hippocrates said Rules must be discharged that way But in his Book de locis in Homine n. 20. He commends Purging and condemns Vomiting If by this means the Pain asswage not let cooling things actually cold be poured in and let a Potion be given that purges downwards and not upwards because a Vomit will doe no good But here you must note that the Application of cooling things in this case argues that some Hot Humour is in fault the original seat whereof is below and that Hippocrates consonant to himself purges therefore downwards And do but you consider the Cause you have their directions before you II. Whether should we apply Repellents We must listen here to the determination of Arculanus 9. ad Almansorem Before Repercussion be made let these things be observed The Matter must not have been critically discharged Not be venemous Not furious Not much Not immediately discharged from the Brain Not very tough and thick Not gathered by little and little Not run to the out-part of the Ear Because all these things forbid the use of Repellents besides to repell to the Brain is very suspicious III. Whether must we always use gentle Medicines The excellence of a most exquisitely sensible part and its proximity to a principal part seem to intimate so much Wherefore Galen 7. method doth not cure sensible Parts at once with violent Medicines but by mild ones by degrees Yet he in the violent pains of such parts uses strong Medicines lib. 3. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Chalcitis Nitre juice of Onions Goats Urine c. that is when cold and gross humours cause the Pain which are attenuated and heated by the help of such Medicines and the Vapours raised by them are dissipated But he abstains from such things when the pain is the product of inflammation IV. Many Practitioners use Ben. Victorius Faventinus his Plaster of Onions to asswage the Pain of the Ears of whatever cause they come indifferently to the great damage sometime of the Patient especially when the Pain is but beginning and depends on a hot Humour But when the Pain is owing to a cold cause or the Inflammation tends to Suppuration the remedy must be applied with good success Take an Onion rosted in hot Embeâ—s Zecchius consult 62. of fresh Butter 2 drachms Oil of Chamaemil Roses each 1 drachm Saffron 1 scruple apply it warm V. N. was afflicted with an unspeakable Pain in his right Ear he got no sleep and was scarce himself the Humour indeed at first ran but after the Surgeon applied a Plaster and Clothes to his Ear the running stopt but not the Pain A Physician was called and advised Opium upon which he slept two hours and when he waked his Pain returned At length by my Advice he took some Pills of Extractum Rudii Extractum Rhei morning and evening four days one after another he bore the working well when I had removed the Plasters and Clothes the Matter began to run plentifully Then I gave him a gentle Purge of Powder of Jalap 1 scruple sharpened with 5 grains of its Resin and so the Patient recovered in three weeks Another was troubled with a grievous pain in his Ears his Head aked so he could not sleep all night scarce knowing what he did I advised him to lay aside all externals the former was my precedent and presently to take these Pills Take of Extract of Hellebor made with spirit of Wine 1 scruple Pill Ruffi half a drachm Resin of Jalap 6 grains mix them make Pills for 2 doses The first Dose gave him four stools with some alleviation of his Pain The next day he took the second Dose It gave him six stools After Noon his Ear began to run and when it had
that they may spread every way 5. They must be amicable to nature lest they destroy all 6. They must not be very hot You should rather give such things as consist of an abstersive virtue from a volatile Alkali and an acid and that by their gentle sharpness do incide and cleanse the filth of the urinary passages as also by their sweet fragrancy affecting the Reins do hinder the dregginess of the Ferment and so prevent all occasion of the Stone Such things also are good as asswaging the Pain of the Kidneys do better fit them to expell what is hurtfull Frid. Hofmanus m. m. l. 1. c. 12 such as Saffron and Cassia and Rheubarb deprived of their purgative Faculty ¶ I will relate what I have observed concerning Spirit of Vitriol in the Stone of the Kidney and Bladder Diureticks are of two kinds one aperitive and the other incisive Aperitives draw the matter to the Kidneys and therefore if these be affected are very suspicious because we draw the matter to the part affected But Incisives carry not the matter to the Kidneys but onely by inciding subtilize and so the matter being made subtile passes the Kidneys Hence it is and I ever use it with success that if in the beginning I give Spirit of Vitriol to break the Stone or cut the gross humour I quickly see a happy Issue And the Spirit of Vitriol though it be diuretick yet it onely incides upon which subtiliation while the matter passes out the Urine appears more copious and it is truly a Diuretick by accident not that it carries ought to the Kidneys but because the matter when it hath no impediment finds an easie passage And that is attempted in vain after the third or fourth day which may be done the first without which the Pain is prolonged three or four days to the great damage of the Patient for then we must stay for universal Evacuation Panarolus Pent. c. 3. obs 41. which in this case is not necessary in the beginning but may very conveniently be celebrated when the Pain is over XII Of which Diureticks nevertheless distinction must be made Hofmannu◠ibid. that in the first place the milder be used and the more temperate before we arrive at the sharper which do enflame the Archaeus of the Liver and Reins XIII In the use of Medicines that break and expell the Stone we must take notice that they must not be used once or twice onely but oftner till the obstructed passages be opened And while they are given the Reins and Bladder must be fomented with Baths Fomentations Unctions and Cataplasms that they may work the better And also some liquours that are of thin parts such as vinous White-wine must be given now and then and internal Emollients Riverius Laxatives and Smoothers of the passages must be made use of that the ways may be open and the acrimony of other Medicines may be qualified XIV Medicines that attenuate the Stone without violent heat conduce much to health for the hotter sort of things consume the finer parts and leaving the grosser do harden the Stone and draw new matter to the Reins and Bladder from the whole Body Heurnius Therefore rather let them be of tenuious parts and cold XV. Some in the retention and interception of the Stone in the Ureters do commend the Powder called Pulvis Lithontribos and some stronger things which before purging the whole body do drive many bad humours from above to the Kidneys whereby the Stone is not onely firmer fastened in the Ureters Fabricius Hildanus but internal Inflammations are also bred and Death it self follows which I have tried XVI Gainerius hath taken notice that we must observe first to join piercing Remedies with those for the Stone as Cinnamon Nutmeg 2. To add such a thing as may strengthen the virtues of the Medicine to the end they may play upon the Stone with their whole strength as Mastick and Gum. 3. That they have fineness of parts to pass the better 4. Heurnius Something that takes off acrimony may be added as Roses Liquorish Linseed XVII Whether is Spirit of Turpentine proper for the Stone in the Kidneys It is good for it is a dispersing Medicine penetrates deep and hath an excellent virtue in purifying the Bowels dissolving gathered Tartar and discharging it by Urine yet lenitive Purgers should be made use of before we come to the continual and daily use of it Although in the use of Turpentine it self in substance this is not requisite because it hath it self a purgative virtue especially when it is mixt with powdered Rheubarb according to Crato's description in Scholtzius cons 152. It helps by its temperate heat whereby it befriends the parts destined to concoction for which reason it is good for those that are troubled with the Stone as it helps concoction that so the peccant matter may the better be separated from the Bloud Gr. Horstius Probl. Dec. l. 8. q. 1. You may see in Amalus cent 1. curat 63. the History of a Monk who every morning for several months swallowed a piece of Turpentine as big as a Nut fasting and was so cured of the Stone and Gout when other Medicines would do no good XVIII They are in errour who always use attenuating and inciding Medicines as if there could be no Gravel without a fulness of gross humours and as if there were not some very cholerick persons to be found who have their bloud and other humours very thin and are troubled with the Stone For I am of the opinion that there is no one living but hath so much grosness of humours that if it stay in the Kidneys Sanctorius Meth. l. ◠c. 7. may cause the Stone And that there is so much Phlegm in a man that is not phlegmatick as may make up one Stone XIX When the Stone is voided although all danger be over yet I use for two or three days following to procure a perfect abstersion and cleansing of the Reins Fortis consult 96. cent 3. by giving a Bolus of our Turpentine washed in Mallow-water with Liquorish powder and drinking upon it an Emulsion of Melon-seeds made with Mallow or Barley water but very thin XX. A certain person fell into grievous pain in his left side under the bastard Ribs attended with vomiting much Bloud as often as he stooped it returned upon him so that he grew very weak upon it Dr. Moebius judged there was some large Stone lodged in the left Hypochondrium and that by moving it the Bloud was extravasated in so great quantity powred into the Stomach and then vomited up He durst not prescribe things to force the Stone lest when the Vessels were unstopt they should open wider and by farther vomiting of Bloud his life might be endangered Therefore he gave him calcined Harts horn for several days in some fresh broth He ordered the pained part to be fomented with Mallow leaves Chamaemil flowers
even Turpentine it self than which there is not a better Medicine against the Stone and difficulties of Urine even those which the filthy Pox causeth sometimes does encrease nephritick pains But this Pease Pottage doth preserve others from nephritick symptomes and those especially who have not a slimy viscid and tough mucus turned into Stone in the Kidneys or those from whom it forces gravel or little stones S. Pauli Quadripart Botan p. 435. the Kidneys not being Ulcerous And thus not onely both these sorts of people but all in general may be secure from the flatulency of the Pease XXVI Trallianus approves of Myrtle to evacuate the Stone Yet it may be questioned what way we may safely use this Adstringent Medicine to expell the Stone It consists of contrary faculties for it does not onely bind but hath also something of Acrimony in it by reason of its tenuious and hot parts This is the reason why Diascorides saith that Myrtle provokes Urine In the mean time we must note that Astringents are used against the Stone and difficulty of Urine both joyn'd with diureticks that these may the longer be detained in the Kidneys and sometime by themselves alone Capivaccius that strength may be added to the weak Kidneys ¶ I have heard from great Practitioners that most men suffer this torture for their flaccid reins hereupon Astringents came in use Hofmannus 2. de medic offic p. 310. as Syrup of Lemons with Water of the herb Horsetail c. ¶ Seeing none but hot Kidneys breed the Stone and that they are much weakned by strong Diureticks it is no wonder if by the use of the Brier Sponge Idem ibid. p. 74. called Bedegar the Reins be strengthened and thereby more fit to expell the Stone ¶ If in the cure of the Stone we could well distinguish Medicines we should have fewer troubled with it For they that perpetually use Diureticks properly so called especially the first ways not cleansed when they have thus brought the calculous matter to the Part affected they make that which is ill worse How much better do they that once every quarter in the year do scowre the first ways as they call them and then they take Almond-Milk for several days And for the Cure S. Pauli Quâ—drip Botamci Class 2. voce Cynosbatos before all things they purge gently afterwards they use Diureticks improperly so called that is cold ones which restore the tone to the Kidneys as Syrup of Lemons Chamaemil c. with the Water of Sloe-flowers Strawbery Violet Mallow common and Marsh Horsetail Toadflax Plantain c. some of which are astringent and not diuretick others are diuretick onely for their watry substance XXVII Where we must note that cooling Cataplasms and Inunctions should be applied to the Liver before the Kidneys when the heat of the Kidneys proceeds from it or when some strange Salt Fâ—id Hofmannus m. m. l. 1. c. 12. bred by the digestion of the Liver hath crept by means of the bloud into the Kidneys then this being inclosed and because not vital troublesome to the Archaeus in process of time grows hot hence proceeds this heat of the Kidneys XXVIII Empiricks are in an errour that cool miserable nephritick old men who are deprived of heat giving them Spaw-waters and Whey because they believe excess of Heat must necessarily concur to the production of the Stone and they urge that heat must necessarily be a mean to dissolve the thin parts and leave the gross But a moderate heat is able in process of time to harden and condense the clammy matter that is settled as is evident from Galen 6. Epid. 3.15 Sanctoriuâ— meth vnerr l. 3. c. 7. Heat saith he if it be but moderate is sufficient to harden this matter seeing in warm Waters that spring of themselves though but a little warmer than ordinary tophi are seen to grow So Stones grow in the bladder which is far colder than the Kidneys both by reason of its nervous substance and of the Cavity into which after making of water the air gets lest there should be a Vacuum XXIX Outward Coolers applied to the Kidneys in fat and fleshy Bodies are of no use because their virtue cannot reach the part affected Forâ—iâ— and by onely condensing the outer parts they are apt to encrease the heat inwardly XXX There are some that prescribe a Bath of sweet Water which I have ever suspected as too much loosening Instead whereof the Reins should be anointed with Vnguent Rosac Mesues Idem consulâ— 98. cent 3. and Infrigidans Galeni and Water-Lily-leaves applied to them XXXI In meat and drink seeing thence the matter of Gravel and Stone takes its beginning that we may prevent breeding of it Moderation must be used and the food we eat must be of good juice but we should especially accustome our selves to temperate Meats and therefore we must seldom and sparingly use salt-meats for it is a principal Rule in the Cure to abstain altogether from very salt things as also from the earthy and dry since from such the matter of this earthiness doâ—s arise and from very sharp and hot things seeing by the Gravel compacted into a Stone the Kidneys are heated and dried And therefore we are rather solicitous in prohibiting all salt and spiced meats than crude and clammy ones and such as are accounted to breed phlegm seeing these do indeed breed a thick juice which creates obstructions but they cannot be converted into an earthy matter unless some other earthy matter be mixt with them Platerus XXXII This must never slip your memory that nothing is better to bring away the Stone in me Kidneys than warm Water Zecchius consulâ— 13. or Chicken or Veal or Mutton Broth if four or five ounces be drunk pretty warm immediately before meat morning and evening ¶ That the great heat of the Kidneys may be remitted which is as the efficient cause of the Stone 's returning I commend the taking of boiled fair Water to the quantity of six or seven ounces before every meal twice or at least once a day for nothing renders the Kidneys so free from Recrements and so temperate And their fiery heat is at length extinguished with the warm Water that they can never after breed a Stone Idem consult 17. XXXIII It is my advice that when other things do no good the Matter be retracted to the Joints for the turning of the Stone into the Gout is most easie and of this into that and it is less dangerous to be troubled with the Gout than with the Stone for the Gout pain never endangereth Life by its trouble but the Stone in the Kidneys and Bladder by their many Agonies and those incessant kill the miserable Patients Saxonia Praelect pract c. 36. Therefore the matter must be diverted to the Limbs by Frictions frequent Bathings hot Inunctions Sinapisms and Blisters XXXIV Cutting for the Stone in the Kidneys is indicated
1 ounce and an half of the four greater cold Seeds Marshmallow each 6 drachms Spec. Lithontrip Elect. Ducis Justini each half a drachm burnt Eggshells Cinnamon each 3 drachms Cloves 2 drachms then strain them well out distill them in Ashes If you take 2 drachms of this Water it doth wonders in suppression of Urine breaking and expulsion of the Stone to which if you add its own Salt in a convenient quantity Idem p. 186. it will become a far more excellent Medicine 7. The following Syrup is an excellent Remedy leaving no calculous matter behind in the Kidneys if after Purging 2 spoonfulls of it be taken twice or thrice every week in the morning Balthasar Brannerus de calculo Take of the juice of Speedwell half a pound of ground Ivy 3 ounces of Purslain 1 ounce and an half let the expressed juices when they are strained be made into a Syrup J. Caes Claudinus 8. This is a familiar Medicine with me The extract of Millepedes made with hot Water The dose 2 ounces Crato l. 6. Cons 79 l. â—0 9. Draw the juice out of Purslain dry it and make it into Pills give 1 drachm of it it expels the Stone to a wonder ¶ The distilled Water of a Man's Urine or a Bull 's if the Patient doth not loath it conduces wonderfully to the breaking of the Stone and provoking of Urine ¶ Let the Patient eat 9 or 10 Hazle-Nuts well picked before dinner and supper for I have found by certain experience that not a few who have been afflicted with the cruel tortures of the Stone for a long time by eating of Hazle-Nuts have been cured ¶ Strawberry-water with the Kernels of Hazle-Nuts bruised taken in a morning so as you can sleep upon it is good for prevention ¶ In a most grievous pain and heat of the Kidneys I have found this plaster help to bring away the Stone with a great deal more ease Take 9 Crabs boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water or Milk bruise them and boil them and squeeze out the Juice Steep the Crum of a White Loaf in this Juice add the Yelks of 2 Eggs fresh Butter and Oil of Violets what is sufficient mix them spread it on a linen cloth and apply it to the Reins and Ureters ¶ For the Stone Take of the best Malmsey-Wine 3 pounds Peach-Stones N o 100 Bitter Cherry-Stones N o 200 fresh Elder-flowers 8 ounces Bruise them and let both them and the flowers be infused in the Malmsey-Wine but let there be two several Infusions one for the Stones and another for the Flowers let them stand a day in Infusion and then distill them Drink four or five ounces of this Water it quickly breaks the Stone so that it is voided by Urine ¶ I prefer Eringo Roots candied or steeped in White-wine and Syrup of the Juice of Speedwell before all though I am not ignorant that the Roots of Brier and Rest-harrow doe much good when the Stone is manifest ¶ In the Stone of the Kidneys the following Cataplasm I find doth wonderfully asswage pain and force out the Stone with great benefit and success Let Pellitory of the Wall be boiled with Parsly-Roots let the Roots when they are squeezed out be cast away and add 8 or 9 Onions roasted in Ashes pour on some Oil of bitter Almonds and in very grievous pains Oil of Scorpions Crato in consiliis ¶ For the Pain of the Kidneys caused by the Stone there is nothing better than a Decoction of Speedwell and the inspissated Juice does as well 10. There is a fungus growing to Stones Claudius Deodatus called Lyncurius which dried powdered and given in Diuretick-Wine doth so purge the Reins that a Stone will never grow again there which is confirmed by manifold experience 11. Pet. Joh. Faber The Sap of the Birch-Tree hath a wonderfull property by nature while it admirably moistens our Balsamick Spirit that is the coagulatour of the Stone and by its radical moisture doth hinder that by its dryness and heat it does not coagulate the useless and volatile Sordes of our Liquours 12. Jacob. Fontanus One kept the following Clyster for a great Secret Take a pound and an half of decoction of Millet and give it 13. Christ Gâ—â—â—iâ—onius Ceâ—s Med. 125. In the Stone this is a more powerfull Remedy if a Hare be cut in pieces put in a new pot well luted and baked in an Oven and then powdered Aetius and Sextus Platonicus do prove this to be a very proper Remedy for if this powder be put in Water or Wine and the Stone be put in also you will see the Stone dissolved in a short time And we have experienced it not onely good to break the Stone but to prevent it to which powder we add some Turpentine Liquorish juice or Oxymel of Squills 14. Fresh Oil of Hazle-Nuts drawn by a Press Casp Cald. de Heredia is commended by the daily use whereof a certain Physician attests he hath seen several Stones voided The dose is 3 ounces 15. Freder Hofmannus m. m. l. 1. c. 12. Motherwort is an excellent thing in all diseases of the Kidneys for according to Montagnana it is a secret Medicine that hath a power beyond all others to purge away Urine and the Stone 16. Wolf Hoferus The bloud of a young Fawn dried and given in a drachm weight wonderfully expells the Stone according to our own experience 17. The Root of the herb Vervain bruised Joh. Marquardus and drunk in good Mede a little warm doth not onely help those incredibly that are troubled with the Stone but quickly reduces whatever it is that hinders the Urine 18. Christ Gâ—aerinonius cons 126. Juice of Lemons hath helped many in the Stone which when carefully cleared and taken in Malmsey-Wine I have experienced not hurtfull to the Stomach but most effectual to purge the Reins However if the Stomach should receive any harm let the juice be distilled by an Alembick and then it is a most safe thing 19. Lud. Mercaetus de Calâ—â—lo p. 736. The flower and seed of Star-thistle are highly in request among the People whose force and efficacy in purging the Reins and Bladder we daily find more and more if 2 ounces of its distilled Water be taken in the morning 20. Joh. Bap. M nanus coâ—s 194. Let the Patient take Sugar of Roses an hour before meal the whole year through for it is an excellent Remedy for the Kidneys 21. Carolus Piso A certain Noble Matron found the admirable virtue of Golden-Rod first made known by me in innumerable Nephritick persons with happy success 22. Take Wheat and boil it till it swell or burst Hercul Saxoâ—ia put it hot into a bag and apply it You may trust this as a secret 23. Goats Bloud mixt in a Mortar with Barly Alex. Trallianus l. 3. c. 34. and applied as a
which Alpinus testifies lib. 3. cap. 4. that in Egypt he hath seen a Stone taken from Men the Vrethra being dilated by blowing 2. That part of the Hypogastrium that we call Pubes in a larger acceptation which place Roussetus lib. de Partu caesar c. 7. proves to be commodious and to be preferred before the rest after he had heard how it once happily succeeded with Pet. Franconi who notwithstanding does not himself approve of this way 3. The ordinary place and that which is received hitherto by all Men in Men and Boys is the Perinaeum But Mr. Collet a Lithotomist of Paris descended from a Family of Lithotomists uses the great Apparatus whatever age the Patient be of because he thinks by thrusting the fingers into the Anus and also by the violent squeezing down of the belly which according to the old method they used in Children that not onely great pain was caused but besides that an Inflammation and Gangreen of the said parts They testifie as much who have at any time had the experience of a search for the Stone by the fingers thrust into the Anus for they plainly declare that neither the cutting nor taking out the Stone put them to so much pain as the Search did J. Van Horne Microtech p. 151. How much more must this hold true in Children in whom these parts are exceeding tender and strait XIV Cutting for the Stone may by no means be performed while the Moon is in Scorpio according to Ptolemy's rule in Centiloq c. 20. Do not cut any part â—ith an Instrument while the Moon is in the Sign under whose dominion that part is as among others it happened to a Religious Person who being cut at this time died For seeing at that time the Moon doth fill the Pudenda and Parts adjoining with her great Humidity D. Panarolus Pont. 3. obs 11. which being placed below are forced to receive the floud from above certainly if they be cut they will easily be obnoxious to putrefaction and death must attend them XV. In the beginning of August Anno 1675. Franc. Sabourin a Poictevin a skilfull Chirurgeon in Geneva committed himself to Lithotomy Some months before he had gone to St. Claude to which Town the way is very rugged through Rocks and uneven ways whereby his Reins grew hot and the first occasion of his illness sprung for upon this he voided Gravel and had tokens of a Stone being bred in his Bladdâ— Upon his own proper motion he drank the Waters called Vicecomitenses for three weeks whereupon the heat of his Kidneys abated but the Stone in his Bladder began to torment him more to wit the mucus being wiped off which inwrapped it and rendred it less troublesome Out of mere impatience he called from Lions a most experienced Lithotomist Labutte by name and joined with him Masseneau a most skilfull Chirurgeon The Lithotomist falls to his work but first foretold the danger because of the season although no Heat had troubled us that whole year and the Sun seemed every where as if he had forgot his Office witness the Harvest protracted to the latter end of August and the Vintage to November The Operation succeeded well enough for presently a ragged Stone as big as a Pigeon's egg in shape of an Almond appeared and was taken out without violence Death notwithstanding followed on the seventh day a Gangrene arising in the Perinaeum and Scrotum and it was ascribed to that unlucky Star Which indeed I do not deny but I think the greatest part of his Fate must be ascribed to the easie coming out of the Stone by reason less blood came from the Wound than the condition of the Patient who was a plethorick Man required For presently as the Operation was over an astringent Cataplasm according to custome applied did repell the bloud inwards which was found in the Bladder clotted and black in great quantity whence a Mortification was brought upon the neighbouring parts XVI In these times the most usual way of taking out the Stone among vulgar Lithotomists is by that they call Apparatus parvus When the Patient is bound as he should be the Chirurgeon puts the middle finger of the left hand into his anus and with his right hand presses his lower Belly down towards his Bladder Yet his Belly is not to be squeezed with a bare hand but he must hold a soft Cloth several times doubled in his hand or some Tow because when the Belly is this way pressed by the hand the Muscles oftentimes happen to be hurt and bruised upon which Pain Swelling Inflammation c. do follow When therefore he hath found the Stone with his finger put into the anus he thrusts it to the Neck of the Bladder then he makes his Incision upon the Stone and with his fingers put into the anus he endeavours to force it out which indeed in some especially when the Stone is small succeeds well if not they get the rest out with hooks How dangerous this Operation is any wise man may gather when he considers that in performing it the Chirurgeon may easily cut through the parts adjoining to the Neck of the Bladder or the Neck it self yea and sometimes the very Muscle of the Bladder whence proceeds 1. A great Haemorrhage by reason of a multitude of Veins meeting in the place and raising a dangerous flux of bloud Then it is to be feared the Patient cannot hold his Urine or that a fistula remain in the part affected It is observed also that in this operation the Bladder it self because when evacuated it falls within it self yea and the Intestinum rectum likewise have been both wounded and so cut that the Lithotomist as Peter Franc observes hath hurt his own finger with his Knife and then the Urine came through the Intestinum rectum Hildarus lib. de Lithot cap. 13. and on the contrary the Ordure through the Wound Therefore though this way was used by some of the Ancients yet I would persuade the Operatour to find a more carefull way ¶ However I saw it twice successfully performed upon the self same Boy by Mr. Covilliard of Monte-limar a most expert Lithotomist He anno 1655. took out a Stone as big as a Pigeon's egg in a very short space of time so that the whole Operation was over before you could say a Pater noster The next year the same Boy relapsed into the same illness by reason of a Petrifick minera remaining in his Kidneys This experienced Chirurgeon putting his finger into his anus told them there lay nine Stones in the Bladder he gathered them on a heap to the place designed for Section which lying under the Knife when the Incision was made came out in the aforesaid number some as big as Beans others as Pease But the Boy through the calculous disposition in his Reins and Bladder died consumptive the year following XVII The Operation in a Patient of a good habit of Body
notice in the Head-ach which is caused by Vapours whether those Vapours be bred of Food or of other Matter For if they be bred of Food Purging will be to no purpose if of other matter he bids us distinguish for if the matter be small and contained onely in the head it must be got out by other Medicines If it be much or gathered in the whole body we must Purge But if it be thick and cold we must first use preparatives and iniciders Which if it can be concocted and the Palegm be sweet he says it needs no Purge if salt putrid or corrupt we must of necessity Purge XXIV A greater Dose of Physick must be given in the Head-ach Rondeletius pr c. 7. both because the humours ascend that revulsion may be made and because the sense of the parts is less exact by reason of the resolution or retraction of the Animal Spirits ¶ While the head glows with pain all the humours because they are inclined upwards will not easily by Physick be persuaded downwards therefore the Purge must have a more lively virtue than ordinary that the working may answer expectation XXV Clysters for the Head-ach will not admit of things that fill the head Aetius Cummin Faenugreek-Seed Nitre and other odoriferous things XXVI In the Head-ach and also in Fevers we must not be too sparing in giving Syrups and Potions Mercatus but we may give to grown persons ten ounces in a Potion mixt of Syrups and distilled Waters because in a less quantity they will not reach easily to all the Parts and to the head XXVII In a Head-ach caused by serous humours Diureticks are of great virtue to carry off those that tend to the head while they derive them with themselves as they are circulated through the mass of bloud Frid. Hofmâ—â—nus m. m. l. 1. c. 12. for Diureticks after they are carried with the chyle to the heart and from thence by the Arteria Aerta with the bloud into the whole habit of the body do lead the noxious tartareous gritty matter and the filthy salt dregs to the urinary passages XXVIII Sweats indeed are not proper in essential Head-aches because the serous morbifick matter is thereby more and more moved upwards towards the head But in a Symptomatick one they are more requisite Idem ibid. especially if the Hypochondria blow the coals or an Itch be driven in And this may very well be done in the cure of a Vertigo XXIX Galen advises those that are drunk to wash with warm water the next day and after washing to lye down to sleep that they may concoct their crudities J Langius Ep st 30. l. 1. Yet he would not advise washing in every Head â—ch but then to doe it when the head is hot without a Fever and after washing to eat Lettuce and sup some Ptisan XXX Plasters are very convenient and often prove very beneficial they must not be very hot and such as draw the humours to the place affected but moderately discâ—tient and strengthening I usually prescribe Empl. de minio or Diasaponis with half as much Empl. Paracelsi to be applied to the head when it is shaven Willis XXXI Liniments of Oils and Unguents though often used doe little good inasmuch I think as they make lax the tone of the fibres if they penetrate deep and so they lay more open to the incursions of morbifick matter Moreover they so stuff the pores of the â—kin Idem that the Effluvia cannot evaporate XXXII For the same reason hot Fomentations of Aromatick Decoctions and other Cephalicks often doe more hurt than good inasmuch as they draw the humours towards the parts and also open the pores and passages that they may more easily be received Therefore it is that bathing the head or Embrocation of it with a Pump in the hot Bathes is used to persons in the Head-ach with no better success When on the contrary it has done several good to wet their Temples and Forehead with cold water morning and evening yea every morning to embrocate the whole head with cold water at a Pump or at least to dip into a deep Vessel Idem or Well XXXIII In the use of local Medicines we must have a care of all that have Euphorbium in them indifferently used by many people for Euphorbium is hot in the fourth degree whence it is that it exulcerates and causes redness and inflammation Wherefore Galen indeed 2. de Med. local used such a Medicine in a Hemicrania coming from a cold Phlegmatick humour But instead of this there is one Medicine to be met with that without any redundant heat doth wonderfully draw out all the humour that causes the pain though it lie never so deep It is made of the fish of Cockles pounded in a Mortar ecchius onsult 56. and reduced to a smoothness with a little Frankincense and Myrrhe in Powder for the fish of Cockles draws all the superfluous humour from the inside outwards XXXIV When the Head-ach is so cruel that the Patient is in danger of his life then there will arise an Indication of taking away sense yet with great caution seeing it cuts not off the morbifick cause However when the Patient grows weak is in much pain cannot sleep and is in danger of a Delirium we may so long resist pain till he recover strength Let the scope of Narcoticks be gaining of strength we must begin with the milder sort and first use them outwardly then inwardly Take this for a caution Never apply Opium to the coronal future for the brain lies much under it and the entrance thither is easie but rather to the Temples Nostrils and Forehead though Rhases put a little into the Ears When the pain is ceased and watching overcome let the place be anointed with oil of Chamaemil Nutmeg Heurnius c. to take off the strength of the Opium XXXV Salivation raised by Mercury if so be it succeed aright sometimes removes difficult and plainly Herculean diseases and such as turn a deaf ear to all other Remedies Inasmuch namely as this operation doth perfectly purge the bloud and nervous juice and the other humours by a long spitting destroy all exotick ferments rectifie all enormities in the Salts and Sulphurs and besides removes and often carries off the morbifick matter settled and overflowing every where Yet this Medicine is not without hazard inasmuch namely as the Mercury becoming unruly and carrying along with it a great quantity of very sharp and in a manner poisonous Serum and so rushing impetuously into the noble parts and especially into the brain with the medullary and nervous appendices or into the Lungs and about the Heart leaves an indelible and sometimes mortal fault upon them Wherefore in an old and grievous Head-ach there is danger lest the fibres being indisposed by the Mercury and much corrosive Serum passing through them should be more irritated and be cast into greater spasms and
VI. A moist Choler is a fierce and plenteous evacuation of bile upward and downward proceeding from heat of the Stomach which is stopt by cooling and astringent things both taken inwardly and applied especially by the use of Spaw-waters and Laudanum prudently given We must abstain from hot Cordial and Stomach Powders because they provoke and vellicate the Stomach Riolan Enchir l. 2. c. 23. The Physicians of Paris bleed extremely even when the Pulse fails to avert the danger of a Gangrene from suffocation of heat in the Stomach VII Sennertus pract l. 3. p. 1. Sect. 2. c. 13. If there be fear that the Malignity hath dispersed it self beyond the first region of the body for the better discussion of the impressed malignity it is convenient to take inwardly Sweats with Alexitericks But they must also have an astringent faculty such as terra sigillata burnt Hartshorn and prepared VIII We must observe carefully that if the Physician be not called till after the Patient be spent with Vomiting and going to Stool for some hours may be ten or twelve together and when his extreme parts begin already to be cold I say in this case omitting all other remedies whatever we ought to rights to have recourse to the sacred anchor of this disease I mean Laudanum Sydenham de morb acut p. 241. which must not onely be given while the Symptoms are urgent but also when the Vomiting and Diarrhoea are ceased it must be repeated morning and evening every day till the Patient have recovered his strength and at length his health IX I am taught by sedulous application of my mind and by manifold experience that if on the one hand I should endeavour to expell these sharp humours that are the fewel of the disease by Catharticks I should just doe as he that endeavours to quench fire with oil seeing the operation of the most gentle Cathartick would but give farther disturbance and raise new tumults And on the other hand should I at the very first restrain the primary effort with Narcotick Medicines and other Astringents whilst I hindred natural evacuation and detained the humour against Nature the Patient his enemy being inclosed in his bowels would undoubtedly be destroyed by an intestine War For these reasons therefore I thought I must go the middle way that I might partly evacuate and partly dilute the humour And by this method found out and approved by me for several years last past I have reduced this disease several times to good order A young Chicken is boiled in about three Gallons of spring-water so that the liquour hath scarce any relish of the Chick The Patient is ordered to drink several large draughts of this a little warm and at the same time a good quantity will serve for several Clysters to be given successively untill what upwards and what downwards all the broth be consumed and given back again So the Stomach being often loaded with a considerable quantity and as I may so say turned and the injection of Clysters being reiterated the sharp humours are either turned out or their acrimony being taken off they are recalled to due temper This washing-task being over which takes up two or three hours time some Paregorick Medicine puts a conclusion to the cure I use this much Take of Cowslip water 1 ounce Aqua mirabilis 1 drachm Laudanum liquidum 14 drops Instead whereof any Shop Narcotick may be made use of And this way that I have proposed of diluting the humours is much safer and more expedite than that is commonly taken to stop this most dangerous disease either by evacuaters or astringents because by them the tumult is higher and fiercer and all things are put in a hurly burly These on the contrary detain an enemy in the bowels and of a stranger do plainly make him an inhabitant To say nothing how when the disease is protracted in length besides the danger of its tarrying whereby at length the bad humours creep into the mass of bloud and easily kindle a malignant Fever Sydenham ib. p. 239. the tedious trouble of a most grievous disease is created to the Patient X. In the 1654 before the Plague broke out at Nismes the disease called Cholera raged very much which killed many people in four days time but they that took advice at the first onset of the disease did almost all escape by this Method When I conjectured the Patients had Vomited sufficiently I gave them some aromatized soft Marmalet of Quinces or simple Marmalet if the Fever were high in a Spoon two hours before Supper either keeping them from all manner of drink or allowing them but very little though they were tormented with unquenchable thirst for drinking increases the Vomiting and Loosness whereupon inevitable death follows I helped the numbness and convulsion of the Legs with hot oil of Chamaemil For the Vomiting and Loosness I embrochated the whole region of the Belly with oil of Nard Mastick Quinces and I strewed thereupon Powder of Coriander Mastick c. They also took an Electuary of Conserve of Roses preserved Myrobalans Powder of Pearl Coral Ivory made up with Syrup of Corinths and Quinces Sometime when strength was good in the beginning of the disease I gave Rheubarb in Substance not omitting Cordial Epithemes So they almost all recovered their health In children that were emaciated with such a flux or a colliquative one especially in Summer time Obs 26. cent 4. Riverio addit I perswaded them to use Clysters most made partly of strengthners partly of restoratives XI A Man Seventy years old was taken with a grievous Vomiting and Loosness and in seven days he was cured with these four Remedies A Clyster made of Milk Confectio Hyacinthi Conserve of Roses and Yelks of Eggs An astringent and strengthening fomentation of the stomach with bags steeped in Red-wine Riverius cent 4. cos 53. A Julep made of a decoction of Plaintain and Purslane with Syrup of Quinces and Confectio hyacinthi given morning and evening And Laudanum one grain whereof was dissolved in his Julep every night This cure at so great an Age was reckoned miraculous XII A Nobleman upon drinking freely of ungratefull Wine voided sincere bile upwards and downwards He perfectly loathed all Meats so that the very mention of bread and flesh turned his stomach When I was called at length seeing he had a great desire for some cooling Julep to quench his thirst I gave him spring-Spring-water corrected with Vitriolate Syrup of Rasberries It was a most pleasant drink to him but yet the fermentations that tormented the Stomach and Guts with a windy distension ceased not An Emulsion was made of sweet Almonds with a decoction of Hartshorn and Scorzonera root and this pleased the palate yet the fermentations that were so troublesome with their painfull distension and the bilious Vomits and Stools thereupon were not stopt although a strengthening Plaster were applied to the Stomach And his
restlesness toward the latter end of the day was so great that I was forced to use Laudanum two grains of which in Pills swallowed every evening gave him a quiet night upon the return of day Vomiting of mere bile followed yet he could bear it well Then he drank a little strong Capon broth and that he might quench his intolerable thirst with drink a draught or two of his Emulsion was given him Within an hour almost his restlessness returned with difficulty of breathing which threatned Suffocation for none could be more extreme In the mean time the Patient desired a draught of simple water I should easily have granted it him considering he was in the flower of his age and that his disease was cholerick but because the by-standers usually reckon this strange and destructive to the Stomach not accustomed to it that I might satisfie both parties I perswaded him to natural Water but Medicinal namely the Wells at Egra in Bohemia In the mean time that I might stop his longing I commended those of Silesia As soon as they came he presently quenched his thirst and they did him good Sigism Grassius obs 99. miscell curios An. 4 5. When I visited him the next day he told me he had rested well that night he commended the Waters as gratefull both to his palate and Stomach and there were some hopes that he began to recover this hope continued so that after dinner he could sleep a little When eight days were over he signified to me he was perfectly well but that there remained some little effervescence of humours and thirst I sent him word he must continue the use of the Waters After this method but the attempt is bolder the Inhabitants of the Alps in Switzerland are said to drink Ice in cholerick Fevers Diarrhoea's and Dysenteries ¶ Borellus saith cent 2. observat 27. that he cured a Woman onely by drinking fair Water and applying Ceratum Santalinum to the region of the Stomach XIII A Woman was taken with a Vomiting and Loosness in the Month of July about Noon and before night she had twenty stools with grievous pains about her Guts and Stomach so that she was opprest with Vomiting likewise and voided much sharp and cholerick humours Being called in the evening I advise my Patient to drink a glass of Vinegar and Water till other Medicines were got ready the operation of which was so effectual that her Vomiting and Loosness were presently stopt Riverius cent 4. obs 8. and no other remedies were used because she said she was well XIV A certain Bricklayer when he was but newly Married went home every day at noon to his Wise from the Kiln which was about 2 Miles It so fell out about middle of Summer while he was too vigorous in her Embraces Dom. Panarolu◠Pentec 2. obs 11. that he voided great plenty of bloud upwards and downwards for the heat and motion had opened the mouths of the Veins nor would I call this disease by any other name than a bloudy Cholera for besides his losing about twelve pounds of bloud there were other very bad Symptoms namely want of Pulse with loss of strength Hippocratical face cold sweat and he was in a dangerous condition But by giving him four scruples of Bloudstone in Pomegranate-Wine he was presently cured to the great admiration of all men XV. When there is imminent danger from the violence of the pain we must fly to Narcoticks which when given prudently are often attended with good effects Some mix them with Purgatives that both the pain may be asswaged and the peccant matter carried off Forestus commends this of Elidaeus Take of Diaphoen half an ounce Philonium Romanum 2 Scruples Riverius pr. l. 9. c. 11. with either the Water or decoction of Chamaemil make a Potion XVI If there be a necessity of purging downwards that is when it moves imperfectly and is cholerick we must abstain altogether from Manna and Medicines made up with Honey or Sugar for they presently corrupt and turn to choler But Whey will be the best remedy of all or a Potion made with Cassia which lays the heat takes off sharpness and purges gently But if putrefied phlegm or thick Choler cause it nothing will be better than Mel. Rosatum S. ptalius Ammad vers l. 7. Sect. 2. or Solutivum in Whey or in an Infusion of Red Roses Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians Benedictus 1. Among other things Syrup of Mint with Pomegranate-Wine is highly commended if the Pomegranates themselves with their inner pulp be put in the Press 2. I gave one a little Cummin-seed powdered in Beer then of the decoction of Barley 4 ounces with Syrup of Infusion of Roses one ounce a little Honey of Roses strain it and take it then I anointed the whole part with oil of Dill and Chamaemil By which means Forestus without any other Remedy he was cured to a Miracle Fr. Joel 3. I have found no better remedy for this disease than Crocus Martis Paracelsi ¶ This also wonderfully stops a Vomiting and Loosness Take of the Mud in the bottom of Smiths Troughs in which they quench their Iron mix it with a little Vinegar and apply it warm to the Stomach for a Cataplasm Langius 4. Crystal is a most approved and excellent Remedy in a Vomiting and Loosness Half a drachm of it may be given alone or made up with other Medicines Mercatus 5. Outwardly I find Emplast de crusta panis or Bread new-baked and dipt in Pomegranate juice if it be timely applied doth much good in a Vomiting and Loosness from a hot Cause ◠olfinkius 6. In strengthening the Stomach a decoction of Mint has great virtue Coeliaca Affectio or Loosness See Lienteria Book 10. How it may be known and cured WHen too much is voided by Stool considering the quantity that is eaten seeing the usefull part must necessarily also perish we must consider whether the disease should be reckoned a Lientery or a Coeliack Passion or some other disease for if food a little after it is taken be voided and so there is a Lientery because the stay of the food and the necessary retention of it in the Stomach is hindred through some fault in the Stomach which is out of order and presently excludes all it takes it must either be strengthened or freed of its troublesome Irritation by Medicines that temper the humours and if they abound that may carry them off But if the Food do make the necessary stay in the Stomach be rightly and sufficiently fermented in it and do make a pultaceous mass which is voided such downwards and if there be that sort of Coeliack passion which I think may be called an Icterick Loosness by reason of the defect of Secretion of the Chyle and Excrements and that either through absence or sluggishness of the bile that this evil may be cured and the
Loosness stopt the said Secretion must be promoted and restored and indeed by some bitter Aromaticks because they sharpen or augment bile where it is either dull or too little at least they serve instead of it and so a disease bad enough which kills its Patients by degrees is cured But if a pure pultaceous mass of fermented Aliment be not voided but mixt and confused with the several Chyle swimming upon it which is another sort of Coeliack Passion because then the transcolation of the Chyle into the lacteal veins through the cloth-like crust of the Guts is hindred whether it have its rise from phlegm stopping the Orifices of it or it follow the consumption and shaving and the cicatrice stopping those passages Medicines must be used Sylvius de le Boë Append ad prax tract 5. Sect. 239. that may incide absterge and purge this phlegm for to remove the Cicatrice and to repair the lost crust is a thing denied to Art Colicus dolor or the Colick The Contents We must not insist obstinately upon Clysters I. How a Clyster that stays may be got out II. Why sometimes ineffectual III. Gums must not be put in Clysters IV. Clysters doe little good if the pain be above the Navel V. The efficacy of Turpentine in Clysters VI. Clysters sometimes less effectual than Suppositories VII The use of oil in Clysters VIII The virtue of Clysters of Smoak of Tobacco IX Sharp Clysters must not be given if caused by the hardened Excrements X. Some easie ones XI Sometimes a strong Purge must be given XII The way to keep a Purge from being vomited up XIII Sometimes Purges doe hurt XIV Some Purgatives are suspected XV. In a bilious one what Purgatives are convenient XVI A caution in the use of Diaphoenicon XVII It is good to mix Narcoticks with Purgatives XVIII The concomitant Tumour caused by Phlegm must be cured by Purging XIX Vomiting sometimes good XX. We must proceed gradually in the use of Medicines XXI Syrups must be given without any Liquours XXII Whether Spirit of Salt be proper XXIII A bilious Colick exasperated by Calorificks XXIV A phlegmatick Colick sometimes cured by temperate things XXV Eased by drinking Water XXVI Cured by cold things inwardly and outwardly XXVII Indications for the Cure of a bilious Colick XXVIII When a gentle Vomit is convenient XXIX What sort of Purge is proper XXX When a Narcotick must be given before a Purge XXXI One must be given always after a Purge XXXII The use of it must be repeated XXXIII Sometimes we must begin with one XXXIV How a Relapse may be prevented XXXV How the remaining Weakness may be amended XXXVI The Diet must be thin XXXVII Whether Narcoticks be proper for all XXXVIII They must be used while there is strength XXXIX The way of giving them in bastard Colicks XL. They must not be given at any time XLI The Cure of an obstinate one caused by Phlegm XLII One Cure regular another forced XLIII If Phlegm be contained within the Coats strong things must be avoided at first XLIV When things that discuss Wind should be used XLV Volatile Salts breed Wind and break it XLVI They prepare viscid Phlegm excellently well XLVII The efficacy of Spirit of Nitre in dispelling Wind. XLVIII Sometime cured by Salivation XLIX The force of Guaiacum to conquer a rebellious one L. One conquered by Guaiacum Wine LI. Whether Spaw Waters may be drunk LII Diureticks may properly be given LIII Sweats and Baths of dubious event LIV. The use of diaphoreticks LV. Sometimes it is exasperated by applying hot things LVI Girding the Belly close with a Girdle does no good LVII Sometimes one thing causes the Pain and another thing the Obstruction LVIII A Colick from the Serum cured by Hydragogues LIX A Periodical one arising from the indisposition of Muscles LX. One mistaken for a Pleurisie LXI A Scorbutick one should have a peculiar Cure LXII The Colick an effect of the Pox. LXIII The use of Cupping LXIV To what part of the Belly they should be applied LXV A Specifick if Wind be included between the Membranes LXVI Medicines Rolfinccius meth l. 5. I. ONE Purge given with Judgment in the Colick does that at once which ten Clysters will scarce reach especially in the Colick pain from obstruction of the excrement above the Valve ¶ It was observed when a Patient had had thirty Clysters given him without any benefit that another Physician gave him an ounce and half of Manna with two ounces of Oil of Sweet-almonds in some fat Chicken-broth Riveriuâ— and eased the Patient of his pain II. Often when Clysters are given they ascend not because the passage is stopt by the tension made with wind And it often happens that when several Clysters have been given Enchir. med pract they stay behind and almost suffocate Therefore if one or two Clyfters or it may be a third do not come away it is better to recall them with a very sharp Suppository than to distend the Belly with more Clysters III. The more unskilfull do err while in a Colick coming of a vitreous matter they prescribe Clysters of weak virtue and improportionate as such as are made of Oil of Chamaemil Dill and Bay with Hiera mixt with them for they can onely doe some good in slight Colicks in very violent ones they cannot take away the cause The iterated injection of these Clysters is not of such moment as to overcome the hostile humour The indication of continual repetition is not taken from the action of the violent Indicant but from its being there Therefore a diminute repetition can never conquer any notable violence of the Indicant because Violence and Presence differ toto genere Sanctoriuâ— meâ—â— viâ— err Stronger Clysters in the Colick passion the most violent of all others are made of Decoctum Carminativum in which a drachm and a half of Trochisci Alhandal and an handfull of the lesser Centaury are boiled and some Oil of sweet Almonds which may temper the Medicine ¶ Mistress N. was taken with the Colick a Clyster is given which not working I am called I find her crying out for the grievousness of her Pain I prescribe a Clyster of Emollient decoction 1 pound Diaphoenicum 1 ounce Aqua benedicta 4 ounces wherewith her pain altogether ceased and the Patient voided much phlegmatick matter and wind I my self being tormented with such a Pain Riverius obs 12. cenâ— 2. and being not much relieved by an emollient carminative and loosning Clyster I was cured by the like Clyster so that as soon as it was given me all the pain ceased although it came not away till two hours after ¶ Stronger Clysters must be given nor need we fear attraction to the part because the force of the Injection cannot reach far nor attract the humours for the obstruction of the Guts What Galen said of making revulsion or aversion by a contrary way it is said concerning inflammation Rondeletius and not
and that the Moderns have introduced the use of Purges But he is deceived because perchance he onely read the Judgment of Paulus and Aetius concerning hot matter and not cold For Paulus speaking of cold matter proposes Pills made of Euphorbium and Scammony Aetius in the same case commends Hiera Archigenis Whereas he subjoins this custome was received from Practical Physicians he shews that either he never read the Arabians or but carelesly who use Diaphoenicon Elect. Ind. Hierae magnae strong Pills And I must ingenuously confess I have cured several in one day with this Medicine Saxonia Take of Diaphoenicon half an ounce Species Hierae 3 drachms Mix them Make a Bolus XIII If Catharticks cannot be kept for continual Vomiting apply a large Cupping-glass to the Navel or a little below and there let it stick for an hour if it can be done Enchir. med pract or let the Cathartick be taken in the Bath for by this means it will stay XIV Avicenna fen 1. doctr 4. c. 1. says that the Colick sometimes comes by reason the passage of the bile to the Guts is stopt therefore the expulsive faculty of the Intestines is not irritated and by consequence the excrements are retained and by continuance hardened And because the Colon is the greatest and weakest of all the Guts it gathers a great quantity of excrements and after it is stufft and full loaden intense pain is bred which is not removed with purging Medicines because they draw new matter whereupon there is a greater load of matter and therefore greater pain Neither is it removed by Hiera or other drying things because so the excrements are more dried and hardned Nor is it removed by Clysters because the Colon is shut Sanctoriuâ— Meâ—h l. 3. c. 9. But we must then rely wholly upon Oil of Sweet-almonds about half a pound of it may be taken at the mouth XV. Too violent Catharticks must be avoided as Hellebore and Antimony Nor yet is Cassia Enchir med pract though it purge gently proper because it is windy ¶ Manna is windy I do not approve of it in the Colick Do not give Manna Rheubarb or Senna especially in Potions Crato Ep. 141. except the Intestines be first well strengthned ¶ If it be from Phlegm it must first be so purged that Flatulencies which usually accompany it may be digested Among Purgatives Agarick Mechoacan or Elect. Diacarth may be given in a Decoction with Anise Fenil or Daucus-seed We must avoid Rheubarb and Myrobalans also Senna and Cassia the first because they bind the latter Hartman Prax. c. 146. sect 11. because they breed Wind. XVI What Purgatives are convenient for a bilious Colick When the Pain is a little mitigated an Infusion of Rheubarb in Cichory-water may be given with Syrup of Roses and must be frequently repeated till the load of humours be evacuated If such a gentle Purge be not sufficient to root out the Disease we must fly to Mercurius Dulcis which given several times with diagrydiate Purges performs the Cure They that suspect Diagrydium may take Mercurius Dulcis alone made into Pills with some Conserve of Roses Riverius drinking upon it an Infusion of Senna and Rheubarb with Manna and Syrup of Roses XVII Electuarium Diaphoenicon is excellent for the Colick for it purges tough and thick Phlegm but it must be made of ripe Dates which have astriction enough to correct the Scammony for from Galen 1. ad Glauconem Wormwood that is hot and dry is not good in phlegmatick Diseases because of binding For the same reason they must be steeped in Wine rather than Vinegar Rondeletius XVIII If we have a mind to mix Narcoticks with Purgatives by this method of Cure we gain three things we purge Phlegm it self we discuss Wind and we ease Pain than which no more proper or succesfull way of Cure can be thought on in these grievous Pains Fienus Physegr c. 19. XIX Sometimes it happens that Phlegm gathered in the Colon causes a Swelling which being turgid on the out side leads the Physicians into an errour and eludes the Cure for when they find the hardness of the Swelling they presently run to Emollients and insist upon them when the Cure should be directed to the taking away of the cause i. e. the carrying off the Phlegm from the Guts And the thing it self speaks for when part of the Phlegm is voided the Swelling falls and grows less See Fernelius his History of Charles the Fifth his Embassadour G. Hofmannus cons 6. XX. A Vomit if it be convenient must never be omitted in this case by which the Emunctories of the Bowels being emptied they may more freely receive the recrements of the bloud and nervous liquour which would otherwise increase the morbifick matter Moreover the Plexus nervei and all the parts would be so shaken as nothing that can foment the Disease would be suffered to stagnate or gather there Willis ¶ The Reverend N. was subject to the most violent Colick being convulsed in his hands when he had been often purged by things taken at the mouth and by Clysters and nevertheless his Pain returned with a violent Compression of the Abdomen I thence conjectured that store of gross humours was lodged in the Hypochondria which must cause such straitness and his relapse I betook me to a Vomit I gave him of Diasarum Fernelii three drachms with four ounces of Hydromel to make revulsion of the matter by Vomit within less than an hours time he began to vomit not continually but by turns Great store of phlegmatick humours was cast up more than a Bason full at length the sink being cleansed the Vomit ceased nor did his Pain return any more the Patient who before was lean now growing fat Many Monks every where in their Cells labouring of a compressive Colick their Bellies being drawn inwards with violence which at length ends in Convulsions and Epilepsies go down to their grave who if they had taken Vomits might have been kept alive because these gross and tough humours being close fastned can no other way be rooted out more conveniently But Aug. Thonetus Obs 3. l. 6. because Vomits frighten the By-standers and make the Physicians also more timorous they are therefore the seldomer used XXI When we see a Clyster will doe little good we must go to Potions and outward Applications A Potion may be made 1. An easie one of Diacyminum or Electuarium de baccis lauri with strong Wine hot or strong Wine and Honey 2. Of Nutmeg powdered and Cretian Wine hot 3. Of Castor 1 drachm with Wine also 4. A Turpentine Potion 5. Salt and sulphureous Waters 6. Wolf's Dung which hangs on Thorns 7. Larks in White-broth 8. Hart's-horn burnt in a Pot reduced to powder and drunk in a drachm weight 9. Broth of an old Cock with Carthamum Polypodies Turbith Hyssop Seed of Dancus Dill and Ammi Sal Gemm and Spices boiled
in it giving a Clyster now and then of the same Decoction When the matter is concocted and ready I have used Diaphoenicon and Diacatholicon with good success Leon. Jacchinus and sometimes Cock-broth and other Remedies which do not heat much XXII Give Syrups without any Liquour Oxymel simplex or compositum mixing some Scylliticum Syrup of Betony and Mint with it for if you mix any hot Liquours with it Saxonia they will encrease Wind. XXIII Seeing the antecedent Cause is either thick and phlegmatick humours lodging within the Membranes of the Colon or some flatulent matter or an Inflammation of the Colon or a sharp and biting Juice which causes sometimes are complicated if the Disease be of any continuance when frequently together with the thickness of the matter a flatulent acrimony is also joined with Inflammation wherefore according to the Hermeticks the colical disposition is produced from a tartarous Mucilage mixt with styptick and sowre Spirits Therefore it is asserted when all things convenient are premised that Spirit of Salt is very good as well because by its attenuating and resolving faculty it corrects the peccant humours as because by its discutient faculty it digests the flatulent matter Besides it alters the putrefying matter and preserves the humours from Putrefaction Yea by its aperient faculty it disposes the morbifick cause that nature may sooner rid her self of it And in as much as it depresses or fixes hot and sulphureous Exhalations so far it is a very good Anodyne Nor need we fear that by its heat it will too much melt and dissolve the humours which Galen 2. Meth. 8. bids us have a care of or that by its penetrative faculty it should enrage the humours more because it is evident in that being give to hydropick persons â—r Hâ—rstiâ—â— Dec. 6. rob 1. it quenches thirst and does not cause it and it rather consumes and asswages the raging humours than irritates them XXIV Be not inconsiderately of their opinion that Cure every Colick with hot things Look attentively to the Cause of the Disease before you I saw yellow Choler swimming so plentifully on the Colon of a Woman that one might have taken it thence with a Spoon which affluence of Bile in this place seeing Anatomists do frequently observe it is very likely that it sweats through the coats of the Gall-bladder by little and little being nearer to this Gut than others Wherefore they doe very ill who by overmuch study do violently press the Liver because this prone incurvation of the bended body squeezes out the Bile which sometimes as it pricks and vellicates the out Skin so now and then it insinuates it self between the coats of the Colon so miserably racking the Patient thus beset that he had rather dye a thousand deaths Tulpius obs l. 2. c. 37. than fall into such misery XXV The chief signs of a Colick arising from Phlegm and Wind are taken from the excrements and for the ease and cure of it things that purge Phlegm and break Wind all hot things with tenuity of parts are used Yet that we should have more respect to the temperature of the Body and the Age than to these Causes i. e. Phlegm and Wind this fresh example doth shew About two years since that Noble Person Mr. de Mommolin Treasurer to the most Serene Prince de Longeville in the Province of Neufchastel scragged as it seems of a cold and dry temper endowed in his youth with a senile prudence about thirty five years old was frequently taken with the Colick which gave him but little respite so that he was scarce two days free from it He advised with several Physicians whose main care was that the crude cold and moist humour might be altered concocted and excluded Wind dissipated the cold intemperature of the Stomach and Guts might be brought to a hotter and their tone might be restored them This Noble Person diligently observed the Diet and Medicines nor failed in any thing the Pain nevertheless raging and nothing abated At that time he was sent Embassadour by the most Serene Prince to his Subjects with the Noble Akakia for his Companion who is Grandchild to Akakia the famous Physician of Paris well known for his several Commentaries upon some Books of Galen He considering the constitution of the Noble Treasurer's body judged he must go another and contrary course he said the Disease must be overcome not by heating and drying things but by temperate and moistning and that the generation of Phlegm and Wind was the product as well of a hot and dry Intemperature of the Guts as of a Cold If he had a mind to be free of his troublesome and frequent Pain he must bid farewell to the Remedies he had hitherto used and must now ply temperate onely and asswaging things That for this purpose the continual use of Chicken or Veal-broth without Salt was very good that he should either wholly abstain from Wine or drink it with much Water The Noble Treasurer had scarce observed it three days but he was free from all pain and enjoyed his perfect health XXVI An Apothecary forty years old told me he was several years troubled with the Colick and could find no other Remedy but Drinking of Water and as long as he persevered in it he continued well but as often as he fell to the use of Wine again within two days he was taken with the same disease In my judgment the Colick was not raised by simple bile but for the greater part by a Melancholick Humour mixt with a bilious one seeing the said Apothecary had the melancholick temper predominant in him And seeing Melancholy is continually poured out of the Spleen into the Stomach which by its acidity infects the Wine as soon as it is drunk the Wine presently turns sowre upon the Stomach and encreases the cause of the disease But if a bilious humour were the cause of the Disease it might indeed be corrected by drinking water but the use of Wine would not so suddenly bring the disease because Wine does not so quickly produce the Qualities of Bile as of Melancholy in as much as wine easily grows sowre and not bitter And that which makes me the more believe it is Riverius Cent. 4. Obs 49. that when the said Apothecary was taken with a fit of the Colick he cast up sowre stuff by vomit and not bitter XXVII A certain Physician as Paulus l. 3. c. 42. and Avicenna relate Mart. Marrius de morb mesent l. 114. cured bastard Colicks which formerly ended in the falling-sickness and Palsie several times with Diet potentially and actually cold although irrationally Which nevertheless Oethaeus in Observat testifies did happily succeed the plentifull use of raw Plumbs and Grapes ¶ And it is convenient sometimes by the repeated drinking of warm water sometimes when the body is prepared of cold water to keep in the Choler that flies upward Or some water in which new vine
Branches Mercatus pregnant with their native juice chopt indifferent small is boiled in Balneo Maris ¶ Galen 12 Meth. 7. cured a certain Patient of the Colick in Summer time when he was very thirsty onely by drinking cold water to whom Aetius also subscribes Fortis Coâ—s 93. Cent. 2. After whose example when I practised Physick at Venice I often gave cold water in the Colick with good success ¶ Some according to Julius Alexandrinus his advice dislike not of applying cold water to the Belly with double cloths in great extremity For it is manifest that by the use of it the pain presently abates which nevertheless except timely hindered usually turns to the Palsie the matter being violently repelled Martini supra and driven to the origination of the Nerves ¶ Taranta and Crato famous men account cold water plentifully poured upon the belly as a secret which yet they had from Hippocrates 5 aph 25. Fortis Cent. 2. Cons 92. for cold water being poured largely on a numbness being caused takes away the pain ¶ But this may be done with more safety when the body is loose Id. Cons 93. and when the excrements are loosened and evacuated XXVIII Seeing all the Phaenomena of a bilious Colick do manifestly declare that this disease comes either from some sharp humour or vapour discharged from the mass of bloud upon the Guts The primary curative Indication to me is this scil that the said humour as well the Antecedent in the veins as the Continent shut up in the Bowels may be evacuated The second is that by the use of Anodynes the violence of the humours tending thither may be stopt and the most sharp humour may be qualified Therefore I order a good quantity of bloud to be taken away if namely it have not been done before and an Anodyne to be given within three or four hours The next day I prescribe some gentle purge Sydenham Observat in morb acut 295. to be repeated the next day but one sometimes for three turns as I find the reliques of the humours more or less XXIX But it must be observed that if this disease owe its original either to horary fruits eaten in too great a quantity or to any other meat hard of concoction from whence bad and corrupt juices were first of all transmitted to the bloud and from it afterwards to the Bowels The case I say standing thus the Stomach must first of all be well washed by drinking a great quantity of Posset-drink and vomiting it up again which done an Anodyne must be given and the next day a vein must first be opened Idem and for the rest we must proceed in the same order as we have already shewn XXX But seeing the violence of the pain and inclinations to vomit whereby the Intestines are in a manner inclined to an inverted motion do resist the Operation of Catharticks their strength must be increased nor must a Lion be set upon a Cock for you will but in vain give a gentle purge unless perhaps the Patient be very easie to work upon which must diligently be enquired for when such a Medicine is not able to make its way through the Canal of the Guts the Patient is rather hurt by it while the vomit and pain are encreased by its ineffectual motion A gentle purging Potion of infusion of Tamarinds Senna and Rheubarb in which Manna and Syrup of Roses may be dissolved is to be preferred before any other Purge because it gives the humours the less disturbance Yet since either through the Patient's averseness to a Medicine in a liquid form or his inclination to vomit he cannot retain it in his Stomach Pills must of necessity be made use of among which Cochiae ever pleased me above the rest because they are sure to go the same way they begin both in this case and in most others Idem p. 296. XXXI But when either the weakness of the Stomach or inclination to vomit is such that Pills cannot be kept there I first of all order an Anodyne and within a few hours after a purge yet allowing so much time as that the Purge may be given at such a distance that it may not be overcome and perish by it and may make a convenient stay in the Stomach which may suffice till the purge begin to work and that when one ceases the other may begin its operation Although a Purge if it can be so should be given by right a good while after the Anodyne because twelve hours after the Anodyne is taken it will scarce work Idem p. 25â— and not without much difficulty XXXII But seeing here as in most other diseases in which Narcoticks are indicated a purge always increases the pain at least when the working is over for while it works the Patient sometimes finds himself more at ease therefore it is customary with me to give an Anodyne as soon as the Energy of the Purge is over Which I also order to be taken every day morning and evening between his purgings Idem that I may be sure to lay the Pain till he have purged sufficiently XXXIII When purging is done withall I endeavour which is the onely thing now remaining to be done to bridle the violence of the Humours by giving an Anodyne constantly morning and evening which sometimes must be repeated oftner Nor has it ever been my fortune to be able to lay violent pains except by a larger and reiterated dose For what is sufficient to subdue another evil is overcome by this the violence of the pain breaking the virtue of the remedy And when pain of this nature is urgent Narcoticks may very safely be repeated but not when it is over wherefore following the direction of Pain I repeat the Narcotick till it either quite cease or be very much abated Interposing nevertheless so much time as that it may be apparent to me what I may expect from the precedent dose before I give another But for the most part unless when the pain is extraordinary violent a Paregorick given morning and evening will be sufficient The Anodyne I use most is Laudanum liquidum of which this is a description Take of Canary Wine 1 pound Opium 2 ounces Saffron powdered 1 ounce Cinnamon and Cloves each 1 drachm Let them be infused in Balneo Mariae for two or three days till the Liquor acquire a due consistency sixteen drops of it may be dissolved in some distilled cordial Water or the dose may be increased Idem according to the violence of the Pain XXXIV This most simple method whereby the peccant humour is evacuated by Bloudletting and Purging and afterwards Rest is procured by means of Narcoticks always succeeded most happily with me above all others that I have hitherto known For carminative Clysters that are given on purpose to get out the sharp humours onely make the matter worse and when a tumult is raised in the humours
boiling and preparing it after such a manner as seemed most convenient for the health of the Patient giving him of it both morning and evening for a Julep and for his Drink although I had resolved not to put him upon so slender a diet as if he had not been afflicted with so tedious a Disease although he had formerly used a fuller diet than was convenient by which sort of remedy he was perfectly cured of his Disease Who unless indeed he had recovered of his Disease quickly after taking it truly I had added a greater measure of the Bark seeing it is more efficacious than the rind of Rhadish Citron Hellebore Capers and several other things Nor would I have passed to other things but have waited a few days Aloysius Mundella seeing the nature of this Medicine is such that it exercises its strength a long time after it is taken LI. A Bath-keeper of Vienna after he had been wrackt 3 quarters of a year with a most grievous Colick and had used many things amiss and the evil seemed to be exasperated by drinking spaw-Spaw-waters yea and his young Wife was but lately dead of the same Disease fearing the same fate sent for me He began to be convulse in his whole Body so that I guessed the matter translated to the nervous kind about to cause a Palsie created us this mischief When his Convulsions were stopt by Medicines I gave him Guaiacum Wine according to Amatus his Precept Cent. curat 32. to cause him to sweat for five days and he was perfectly recovered P. de Sorbait Ephem German an 3. p. 457. Without doubt it was a Colick from phlegmatick humours the Seminaries of wind got into the Guts which being dissolved by that Diaphoretick Wine was spent by sweat Some laxatives were given between whiles LII In a long and pertinacious Colick where the Constitution and Bowels are hotter than ordinary Purging waters or Whey and Syrup of Violets are often given with great benefit For both these Liquors where they agree drunk plentifully cool the excessive heat of the Stomach and Intestines and presently ease and make them lax when contracted by Spasms and painfull corrugations or convulsively extended by wind Moreover whereby especially as I think they doe good by insinuating Saline particles of another nature into the morbifick matter Willis cap. de Colica they tame and subdue the other saline and irritative ones that are in it and often carry them off by Purge ¶ Above all other Remedies whatever Iron-mine Spaw-waters drunk for a month in Summer-time use to give the most relief But when they are drunk great care must be taken that they be discharged again by Stool and Urine lest perhaps if they should make any long stay in the body Idem ibid. by running into the head or feet as they often do they might cause the Vertigo or Gout ¶ In a phlegmatick and flatulent Colick Spaw-waters have no place because they cool the Intestines and double the Pain and because they have no passage by reason of Costiveness they distend the Belly and encrease Pain In a bilious perhaps they may be allowed if the Body be loose and the Stomach such as can safely and easily bear the drinking of them For Galen 6. de loc aff c. 2. writes that reaching and vomiting are urgent in the Colick Sebisius de Acidulis Sect. 2. dissert 2. Sect. 44. and indeed far more violent than in the Stone and that the Patients vomit Phlegmatick and corrupt stuff for the Stomach when the Intestines are affected does sympathize LIII Diureticks usually doe more good than sweats whereby when the bloud is dissolved and its serosities are plentifully precipitated then the fewel of the Disease is cut off and the mass of bloud being emptied receives part of the morbifick matter Idem ibid. so that upon this account its reliques are easily discussed LIV. Bathing must not be allowed them that labour of such a Colick for usually their bowels are too hot and hereby they are more heated and the pain is encreased Then in an Afflux of that matter which first bred the Colick before the nerves be affected the muscles are first filled so that they cannot receive the animal Spirit which is the chief operator of sense and motion or if they do receive it yet they cannot doe their duty because of their feeble and weak constitution which bathing increases and so helps to a worse translation of the matter according to Aphor. 5.16 But if all things have been tried in vain Hoëferus Herc. Med. l. 3. c. 5. and the pain cease not nothing hinders but we may put the Patient in a Bath and industriously cause a Translation of the humour because so the morbifick matter is translated from the more noble to the ignoble parts when there is no place for evacuation that is a violent Disease must be cured by one more gentle for the bastard Palsie that follows in process of time goes away of it self or is forced away by fit Remedies ¶ Baths and Sudorificks are commonly prescribed in the Colick yet as far as I could observe seldom with good success Because these things by exagitating the bloud and nervous humour cause them to throw off more into the matter of the Colick and the matter lodged there already to boil and rage the more Wâ—llis and they very rarely discuss the matter perfectly LV. In the Colick Passion Diaphoreticks and Sudorificks must not be neglected seeing it is observed by Carolus Piso Sect. 4. Concerning Diseases of the lower Belly from serous matter cap. 2. That oftentimes these pains are much eased by spontaneous sweats and are averted by discussing wind And often Bile the cause of the Colick pain is by a spontaneous critical-motion of Nature thrust out to the outer skin in an universal Abscess Eâ—chir Med. pract See Castrensis lib. Quae ex quibus LVI We must have a care lest by using hot things taken inwardly or applied outwardly the humours become adust and raise an inflammation ¶ I have observed in some constitutions and tempers that Epithems of hot things or applied hot rather enrage than abate the pain Wherefore in these cases it seems not amiss to apply fomentations of a solution of Nitre or Sal Ammoniack as in pains of the Gout Willis and sometimes as Septalius reports of pure cold water LVII Some use a girdle wherewith they bind in the Belly strait But I think it is to no purpose and that it rather increases than diminishes the pain Rolsinc cons 3. l. 7 For when the Belly is squeezed the Colon also is straitned and the windy matter makes the more reluctancy whereupon the pain is enraged LVIII The same matter does not always cause the pain which causes the obstruction but sometimes a divers For store of wind with retention of the Excrements both dissolves continuity and causes Pain and Obstruction But when wind is not so plentifull
and the Excrements are hardened it is another thing that causes the Pain for it is often observed that a man has not gone to stool for several days and that the Excrements have been retained without the Colick but upon the arising of wind afterwards the Colick hath risen If therefore the Colick be caused by some hard Excrements hindring the passage of the rest of them and of the wind emollients must be used Sennertus and afterwards sharp things to irritate the faculty LIX When a man had recovered of a Catarrh he fell sick of a very troublesome Colick which encreased towards night before it came upon him just as he had done eating he vomited up some pounds of clear water without mixture of any thick Chyle The cause of the Colick seemed to me to be the thickness of the Chyle which for want of liquid Serum when it could not pass the Intestines freely raised the Gripes I knew a Minister tormented with the Colick Bartholinus cent 5. obs 58. who by vomiting great store of water was cured Wherefore Hydragogues must frequently be used in the Colick by help whereof I have often cured Patients by purging LX. A Girl about two years old was tormented with periodical pains about her groin so that neither lying sitting standing nor carried in Armes she could find any ease from her pains This pain returned at set times she was well from ten at night till twelve the next day the third fit being ended and no manifest crisis appearing she lived free from it afterwards There was no sign of worms therefore I do not question but it was a flatulent Colick residing rather in the muscles of the Belly than in the Colon for she was loose enough I cured her by anointing her Belly with distilled Oil of Wormwood and Cumminseed Idem â—ist 59. and giving her some Treacle in Hartshorn water LXI Mr. Puri of Newenburgh in Switzerland four score years old but a lusty man of his age being taken with a violent pain in his left side called a neighbouring Chirurgeon who taking him to be sick of a Pleurisie let him bloud whereupon his pain grew worse His Son a worthy Pastor in the City brought his Urine and asked my advice I enquired of him whether his Father had drunk any new wine lately it was in November which in that year 1659. had got no ripeness He told me yes and added that his pain was below his Ribs and not fixt in one place I foretold him that letting-bloud would prove fatal to him and indeed he died in three days past all remedy LXII No Disease almost requires a more speedy aid from Physick than the Colick and Gripes that happen in the Scurvey Against these evils Clysters of divers sorts Fomentations c. are used The use of Opiates is found here very necessary Certainly Riverius his Rule That purging Pills should have Laudanum in them is very proper here for when sleep is caused and the Patient a little purged the Paroxysm is frequently at an end And testaceous powders by which the sowre salts are either imbibed or fixed conduce very much to the driving away of the morbifick cause For example Take of Powder of Crabs eyes Egg shells each I drachm and an half Pearl 1 drachm Make a powder for 4 doses Willis to be given in a decoction of the root and seed of Burdock every sixth hour LXIII In a long Colick when all other remedies did little or no good I have often known this medicine given once or twice to raise a Salivation and give the Patient ease For if at any time the morbifick matter be plentifully gathered and deeply rooted in the nervous folds cannot be removed by other Medicines the Mercurial Particles spreading themselves every way easily dissolve and divide it into minute parts dispell them this way and that and at length wholly dissipate them Wherefore in a long and pertinacious Colick Idem they may sometimes be given with success to raise a Salivation LXIV A horn Cupping instrument is highly esteemed among the Indians dwelling under the torrid Zone who as they were curing a young man sick of the Colick first gave him a Clyster with their mouth and presently applied horn Cupping instruments to his Belly And sucking the Air out at the little hole they stopt it presently with their finger both to make the instrument to stick fast to the skin and to get the wind out of the Bowels which by these means the Barbarians did most successfully from the young man N. Tulpius l. 3. cap. 49. LXV Galen says that the wind Colick is cured as by charm and Crato approves it if a large cupping-glass with much flame be applied to the Belly near the Navel Observe near not upon the Navel lest swooning follow by reason of the commerce between the umbilical vessels and the heart For a man certainly dies if the skin be flayn off the Navel although he may live if he be flayn all over besides a punishment very common among the Egyptians LXVI This mixture is one of the highest specificks which I have often used successfully Take of Spirit of Wine 1 drachm Spirit of Nitre between half a scruple and half a drachm Spring water 3 ounces Let him take it and being well covered let him compose himself to sweat and keep himself quiet For it is the best way to lie still how difficult soever it be Hartman pâ—ax chym This is good especially when the wind is enclosed between the membranes Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. In the Colick especially if it pain a man about his stomach they say the broth of the juice of sweet Almonds is good with some grains of long Pepper in Hippocras Wine I have seen the pain laid with a caustick Plaster that would almost make an Eschar Gallel Balluâ—ius and draw outwards being applied near the Navel 2. They say it is a most effectual remedy which is made of white Pigeons dung boiled in water till half be boiled away adding a little Dill seed to 2 ounces of the liquor strained and so drunk ¶ One man commends 2 ounces of Nitre with an equal quantity of water and oil given by Clyster for it wonderfully draws out thick matter and dry compact Excrements ¶ The Osprey that digests all it devours has one wonderfull Intestine It is evident that the extreme part of it tied to one causes the Colick Alex. Benedictus ¶ The Guts of a Wolf dried and given in drink are a good Remedy Blolkwitzius 3. I know a man who with the Spirit of Elder-Berries as with shewing a Gorgon's Head presently discusses the Colick pain very familiar to him It is of great virtue in this Disease 4. Mercury water given inwardly takes away the Colick radically and it is thus made The Mercury is first reduced to a Water into half of this water put crude Mercury purified which is also
converted into water and must ascend ¶ Also Spirit of Turpentine given to 12 or 13 drops is a most excellent Remedy 5. In the wind Colick Mesues commends Oleum de Kerva as an admirable thing Capivaccius because it discusses wind most powerfully 6. An admirable Clyster and experienced by me in the Colick Take of Wormwood Rue Fenel each 1 handfull Salt 2 drachms common Oil what is sufficient Seb. Cortilio Boil them and make a Clyster and anoint for several days 7. Speedwell is especially commended which cures the Colick specifically It is boiled in Chicken Broth and to 1 pound of the broth let half a pound of Malmsey wine be added and half a drachm of Myrrh and so given in a Clyster ¶ Take of tops of Sea-wormwood Chamaemil each 2 Pugils white Frankincense 1 drachm Boil them in a sufficient quantity of water and to 4 ounces of the Colature add some Syrup of Chamaemil or Feaverfew for 2 doses I have cured most violent pains in the Intestines and Stomach with it ¶ Oil of sweet Almonds drunk with Malmsey wine is very good I add half a drachm of fresh Sperma Ceti and account it among my effectual and secret Remedies ¶ For preservation from the Colick a Girdle of the Guts of a Wolf dried is good he must be girt with it day and night ¶ The following powder hath been often tried by me in white wine Take of Cinnamon 3 drachms Galangale Calamus Aromiticus each 1 drachm Bayberries 1 drachm and an half Cumminseed 2 drachms burnt Hartshorn 1 drachm and an half Juice of Rue half a drachm Aniseed Fenelseed each 4 scruples Cloves half a drachm make a powder add spec dianisi 1 drachm and an half Sugar 5 drachms 2 scruples Make a powder The following Plaster is famous in the Gripes Take of Emplast de baccis Lauri de Meliloto each 1 ounce mix them make a mass with Oil of Chamaemil and Rue ¶ In the Colick and Iliack Passion 1 scruple of Extract of Calamus Aromticus taken with some Syrup is very good ¶ In the beginning also a Decoction of Speedwell in wine with half a drachm of Myrrh may be drunk when the pain is violent ¶ When no other Remedies would doe good I cut some root of Masterwort put it in a Glass of wine and gave it to drink every day before Supper and the Pains began to cease ¶ Crato experienced the virtue of this Oil in several Take of Gum Galbanum Elemi Ivy Oil of Bays each what is sufficient distill it and keep the first water apart then the clear Oil thirdly the thick Oil. He applies this Plaster to the Muscles of the Epigastrium Crato and successfully discusses the reliques of the Disease 8. Take of Malmsey-wine oil of Nuts each 4 ounces Aqua vitae 1 ounce of distilled oil of Juniper and Rue 2 drachms Mix them give them hot By this Clyster intolerable pains raised by wind and vitreous phlegm are cured to a wonder ¶ Oil of Ground Ivy taken at the Mouth or by Clyster hath an admirable virtue in laying the Colick and other Pains of the Intestines ¶ The Secret of Joseph the Jew fill an earthen pot with Wormwood cut very small pour some of the best Wine to it steep it 24 hours then pour off one part of this macerated juice or liquour into another vessel then set what remains on the fire and boil it pouring on by little and little some portion of the liquour reserved till all the Wine be boiled away you will find a red Powder sticking to the sides of the pot which you must scrape off Câ—audius Deodatus and give of it three days in the morning as much as will lye on a Knifes point in some generous Wine It takes away all Gripes 9. Among outward applications to asswage a Scorbutick Colick nothing is better than green Henbane boiled in Milk put in a cloth and applied to the Belly warm ¶ An ounce and an half or 2 ounces of oil of sweet Almonds taken in some Chicken or Pease Broth is very good to asswage the pain and remove the Convulsions of the Intestines Drawitzius 10. The Quintessence of a Fox-Cub by a certain wonderfull faculty quickly cures the Colick yea he that carries this Arcanum about him in a Glass-bottle well stopt Joh. Peâ— Faber will never be afflicted with any pain in his Stomach and Guts 11. This is a most excellent thing to allay pain Take of the Powder of the Testicles of a Horse prepared 1 drachm Powder of Aniseed 1 scruple Mix them give it in Wine or Broth. ¶ Also half a drachm of the Powder of the Sponge that is found on the wild Rose-tree given in Wine is good Rod. à Foâ—seca ¶ Also a drachm of Rie flower may be given in Wine Jacob. Fontanus 12. If the Colick be caused by Choler it is an admirable remedy to drink 1 drachm and an half of dried Acorns in powder in some Wine or Broth with a few grains of Musk in curing of Men. 13. This makes an excellent Balsam for the Colick if an oil be distilled from a mixture of half a pound of Galbanum and clear oil of Turpentine to which afterward put an ounce of oil of Lavender and distill it again Joh. Freitagius it becomes a generous Balsam which circulated some time with Spirit of Wine becomes most excellent and penetrating if with oil of Venice-Soap and a few drops of Spirit of Camphire mixt with it it be applied to the Navel 14. Wolf's dung powdered and given in Wine is wonderfull good Galen 15. I have found in my practice this Plaster doe much good Frid. Hofmannus Take of Emplastr de baccis Lauri 6 drachms Vnguent de Arthanita 3 drachms Nitre 1 drachm Oil of Amber half a drachm Mix them make a Plaster 16. An efficacious oil of Daffodil is made of Daffodil-flowers steeped in Oil-Olive P. Laurembergius which is proper both anointed outwardly and given in a Clyster 17. An infallible Powder for the Colick Take Crabs N o 100. set them in a new earthen dish in an Oven when the bread is drawn but burn them not Ortolphus Maroldus Make a Powder The dose is a spoonfull or two in good sweet Wine hot and the pain will asswage by degrees ¶ This is a good experiment of Carpus Take some Mouse-dung made up with Oil-Olive into the form of a Chesnut and lay it on the Navel 18. I have often had experience of Oil of Bay-berries or Orange-Pills drawn with Wine by expression Panorolus which being done the Patients in a short time finding ease fell asleep and recovered Simon Paulli 19. There is a singular Medicine made of that yellow bitterish membrane or coat which most closely invests the Kernels of Walnuts 1 drachm of it powdered is given in Wine for the Colick warm 20. Rotten Dung found in Stables where Beasts piss fried
in Oil and applied wonderfully eases the pain ¶ Let warm Sheeps-dung be long mixt with Goat's Sewet strow on it Powder of common Pitch Mix them and apply it warm without doubt it has a wonderfull effect ¶ A Clyster made of Dog's-turd boiled in Wine with a few Figs eases the pain of the Colick and Stone Joh. David Rulaâ—dus ¶ Hare's dung dissolved in Wine and drunk cures a desperate Colick 21. I do upon my credit profess that I have in one day cured the Colick coming of phlegm with 2 drachms of Diaphoenicon Saxâ—nia and 2 drachms of Spec-Hierae and presently took away the Pain 22. A Carminative Water made of Chamaemil is of great virtue in the Colick ¶ An Electuary or mixture of Garlick is good in the Colick ¶ A Cataplasm of Chervil is good Schroderus ¶ Ear-wax is a present remedy for the Colick if it be taken in drink Sâ—hwentfield 23. A Lark with her feathers burnt to powder in an earthen pot and three spoonfulls of it be drunk with hot water for two or three days is an incredible remedy for the Colick and all Pains of the Guts 24. Powder of the Huckle-bone of an Hog burnt Solenander given in Wine wherein Seed of Sermountain and Chamaemil-flowers have been steeped I have often tried to be an effectual remedy in this case Varignaâ— 25. A decoction of Coltsfoot in Water or Wine is a most effectual Remedy Welkardus 26. The white part of Hens dung powdered and given in Pansey or Pimpernel-water is a present Remedy especially for children Zimâ—ra 27. Cinquefoil dried and powdered and 2 drachms of it drunk in generous Wine is a present Remedy Colica Hysterica or the Hysterick Colick It s Description and Cure THere is a sort of Hysterick disease that vexeth some Women and is so exactly like a bilious Colick as well in the sharpness of Pain as in situation even then also yellow and green humours being cast up by Vomit that I must treat of it lest it be taken for the bilious Colick Women who are of a lax and crude habit of body do contend with this evil above others and they that have laboured sometime formerly of some hysterick affection or as it often happens they that have scarce escaped after difficult and laborious travel by reason of a large Child which hath too much exhausted the Mothers strength and nature A pain very little milder than in the Colick and Iliack Passion at first seizeth the region of the Stomach and sometimes a little lower which is attended with enormous Vomitings sometime of green matter and sometime of yellow And they accompanied as I have often observed with greater dejection of mind and despair than in any other disease whatever After a day or two the pain ceaseth which nevertheless within a few weeks returns more cruel than the fit before Sometime it is accompanied with a Jaundise conspicuous enough which in a few days vanishes on its own accord All Symptoms ceasing when the Patient thinks her self well enough the least commotion of mind whether it be raised by anger or grief to which in this case Women are very subject commonly recalls the pain the same may be said of walking or any other exercise unseasonably undertaken seeing by such causes Vapours are elevated in a lax and infirm habit of body When I say Vapours whether they be such or Convulsions of particular parts the Phaenomena may equally be solved either way These Vapours or Convulsions when they invade this or that region of the body produce Symptoms accommodate to the part they invade And therefore though they cause one and the same disease every where yet they exactly resemble many wherewith the wretches are tormented Which is clear from this disease that when it possesses the parts adjacent to the Colon is as like a bilious Colick as can be Nor is it less apparent in many other parts of the body affected in the same manner for example Sometimes it affects one of the Kidneys with a most violent pain whereupon follows Vomiting and sometimes also the pain being carried along the duct of the Ureter it resembles the Stone and when it is exasperated by Clysters and other Medicines that are lithontriptick and designed to void the Stone it long afflicts the Patient after one and the same tenour and now and then which is contrary to its custome because of it self it is without all danger brings her to her grave Moreover I have seen Symptoms produced by this disease that were altogether like the Stone in the Bladder It is not long since I was called out of my bed one night to a Countess my neighbour who was taken with a very violent pain in the region of her Bladder and a sudden stoppage of Urine And because I very well knew she was subject to divers hysterick diseases and therefore guessed she was not sick of that disease she took her self to be sick of I would not suffer the Clyster to be given her which her Maid was making ready lest her disease should thereby be increased but instead thereof and of Emollients as Syrup of Marshmallows c. which the Apothecary brought I gave her a Narcotick which presently put a stop to that Symptome Nor indeed is any one part of the body altogether exempt from the assaults of this disease whether internal or external as the Jaws Hips Thighs and Legs in all which it causes intolerable pain and when it departs leaves a certain tenderness that cannot endure to be touched just as if the flesh were sore beaten But as I have by the bye delivered some things pertaining to the history of the Hysterick Colick lest namely it should be mistaken for a bilious one so I shall by the way likewise touch certain things that make for the cure of the Symptome the pain which accompanies it For the radical cure which takes away the disease by taking away its cause is for another Speculation and Place Letting bloud and repeated Purgings which are most plainly indicated in the beginning of a bilious Colick have no place here except in the case hereafter mentioned For experience teacheth that the pain is exasperated and all other Symptoms grow more violent being helped on by the tumult which these things raise And thus I have more than once observed that the repetition of Clysters even of the gentlest has brought on a long train of Symptoms Reason also will second Experience which tells us that this disease is produced rather by some ataxy and inordinate motion of the Spirits than by any fault of the humours to wit if we well consider those circumstances to which for the most part it owes its original Such as are great and undue profusions of bloud violent motions either of mind or body and things of the like nature All which things forbid the use of those remedies whereby a greater perturbation of Spirits may be raised and instead
taken with an Opisthotonos and then with a most grievous Tetanus so that he could neither open his mouth nor swallow any thing D. Brambachius orders Palmarius his Cordial Water to be forced down but his throat denies it passage He also prescribes Clysters he orders fumes of Sulphur thinking it an Alexipharmack for Quicksilver and Inunctions for the neck of proper things but all in vain for he died in twenty hours ¶ So a certain Goldsmith as he was gilding silver Corslets Ph. Salmutâ— cent 3. obs 39. and did not take care as he ought to have done of the fume was taken with a shaking in all his Limbs and was perfectly restored onely by the use of Stapedian Treacle-Water having tried other things in vain Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. In a Convulsion caused by a wound in the head this is a most excellent Remedy Take Oil of Snails Worms Sesamum each 1 ounce and an half Fat of a Wether a Fox each 1 ounce Spirit of Juniper Wine 4 ounces Mix them and stir them upon the coals Joh. Agricola till the Spirit be wasted then add Oil of Chamaemil Linseed each 2 drachms Oil of Amber 1 drachm Mix them make an Unguent wherewith anoint the neck ¶ It is very good to hold the bone of a Pheasant's-wing a while in the hand on that side where the Convulsion is 2. Castor is the most secure ready and effectual Remedy of all ¶ Goat's-piss also drunk with water fasting is very good Donat. ab Altomari ¶ Also if you take equal parts of Castor White-Pepper and Parsly and beat them together and take them in a Spoonfull of Honey and two or three spoonfulls of Water fasting It is an excellent remedy for them that have the Convulsion backwards and has been tried by often experience 3. In a Convulsion from repletion a drachm or two of Consectio Anacardina is commended above all other things Jul. Caes Claudinus if a Fever be to be raised ¶ Take a fat live Goose draw her let a Cat cut small some add an Eel also old Bacon Myrrhe Time Elder and Capital herbs be sowed in her belly then let her be rosted and let the second fat that drops be kept for an Ointment 4. This Unguent is good for the Cramp Take of fresh Goose-grease 4 ounces Oil of Cloves half a scruple Crato of Cinnamon 5 grains Mix them 5. Oil or Spirit of Turpentine applied both inward and outward takes away all Cramps and Convulsions with which the Spine the Navel and the other parts affected must be anointed ¶ Water-Lily with red and white flowers dried in the shade and hung on the bed Câ—aud Deodatus or the wall in a moment of time cures all Convulsions as Carichterus testifies 6. Take old Treacle Conserve of Rue each 2 drachms Oil of Box 10 grains Make an Electuary The dose is a small Pill twice a day It is a very profitable Medicine which has a Specifick quality Râ—deric a Fonseca and Oil of Box has a great prerogative in this disease yea and you may anoint the beginning of the Spine the Temples and the Wrist with the same Oil. 7. I learned of an excellent Swimmer that Beetles were admirable good for Cramps and Convulsions Kâ—rcherus who always anointed his nervous parts with Oil of Beetles 8. Take of Oil of Amber half an ounce Mucilage of Briony what is sufficient Oil of Cloves 6 grains Mix them anoint the place with the root of its Nerve Ber h. Penotus and it will presently be dissolved repeat it and presently wrap the part in a Wether's Skin new flain 9. Among Topical Medicines Oil or Balsam of Galbanum is an excellent one ¶ A Weezle rosted in the belly of a Goose as the Cat was is good ¶ Sulphureous Bathes are good ¶ This Electuary is highly commended Take of Castor Sagapenum Opoponax each 1 drachm Succus Cyreniacus 1 drachm and an half Acorus Scordium each 2 drachms three Peppers Schaenanth Caroway each 2 drachms Asarum a rosted Squill each 1 drachm Juice of Stoechas Arabica 1 ounce Honey what is sufficient let what ought be beaten and mixt with Honey of Rosemary Sennertus Make an Electuary The dose is half a drachm in Mede 10. The following Powder leaves a wonderfull effect Take of the Root of Swallow-wort Devils-bit Elecampane Poeony Mace Cloves each 1 drachm and an half Bay-berries half a drachm Rosemary-flowers Sage Mother of Time each 15 grains Spec. Pleres archon Diamoschi dulcis Diambr each half a Scruple Make a Powder The dose 1 drachm August Thonerus with Water of Poeony Black Cherries each 1 ounce and an half 11. For a Convulsion arising from the Head-ach I applyed this wonderfull efficacious and most usefull Ointment often tried by me in such cases which I have ever found sure in a Tetanus and in contractions of the Nerves Take of old Oil 4 pounds Betony Elder Sage each 1 handfull Roots of Marshmallow Acorus Aristolochia rotunda each 1 ounce Earth-worms washed in Wine 3 ounces Opoponax Castor each 3 drachms Flowers of Rosemary Stoechas each 1 Pugil Red-Wine half a pound Juice of Sage Betony each 2 ounces Let all boil to the consumption of the Wine and Juices Strain and press it hard Add of Fat of a Bull a Duck each 2 ounces the Marrow of a Calf's-Leg 4 ounces Mucilage of Faenugreek 3 ounces of both the Stoechas's Nutmeg Cloves each 2 drachms Franc. Valleriola Wax what is sufficient Mix them make an Unguent which I ordered to be applied hot over the Neck 12. This is an incomparable Cataplasm Take of Root of Marshmallow Bryony fresh each 2 ounces Mandrake 1 ounce Leaves of Green Henbane Mallows each 1 handfull Boil them in Milk To them mashed add of Linseed Psyllium and Quince-seed each half an ounce the Fat of a Dog a Goose each 1 ounce Oil of sweet Almonds fresh-Butter each half an ounce Bay-berries 2 drachms Arnold Weikardus Saffron half a drachm Make a Cataplasm Cordis Affectus or Diseases of the Heart See Palpitation Book 14. Swooning Book 17. and Book 19. Cordials The Contents In the Cure of a hot disease hot Medicines are convenient I. The Cure of Worms in the Heart II. A Medicine 1. ALthough in cold Diseases of the Heart Hot things are absolutely convenient yet in hot Diseases simply Cold things are no way expedient but things remissly hot The reason is because when we would change the hot complexion we are not content with coolers by reason the substance of the Heart consists of innate heat which must not be extinguished but coroborated And therefore for the present the conservation of strength is principally respected Because the Heart is the Workhouse of life and heat Therefore Conciliator Enucleatus Sect. 196. although in respect of a cold disease hot things be indicated nevertheless in respect of the part affected moderate and not excessive
Heaters are requisite And for this reason Cordial Medicines though they be hot must never be neglected in Diseases of the heart II. Without doubt Worms are bred in the heart and in its Caul This Disease is very familiar to Virgins and is known by prickings and pains of the heart and by Worms voided and not voided Convulsion is the Diagnostick Common Cordials whether hot or cold can doe little or nothing in the Cure In the beginning before there be Convulsions Bezoar-Stone may doe something if it be given with Salt of Tansie or of Dittany of Crete or the common from 4 grains to 8. The Specifick Cure is such Let the Worms be first purged away with this Take of Quicksilver purified and then mortified with fasting-spittle or juice of a Lemon about a Scruple Conserve of Roses half an ounce powder of Benzoin 2 grains But if any Man be afraid to take this let him onely infuse 1 drachm or 2 in cold water over night and pour it off next morning and drink it or let him take 2 or 3 ounces of distilled-distilled-water of Onions or Garlick for these things if they expell not the Worms kill them at least And when the Worms are voided if the Convulsion-fits return which is a most certain sign of a Worm in the heart let Specifick Extracts be given as of Garlick Horse-radish Water-Cresses of each 1 Scruple in some Broth or Pottage wherein Horse-radish has been steeped before By this method they are quickly cured If extracts be not at hand Hartmannus P. Chrâ—â—iâ—â— c. 111. let a like quantity of all the Juices be mixt together and 2 or 3 spoonfulls be taken every morning And their Salts rightly prepared doe the same thing A Medicine especially made use of by an eminent Physician Take some Juice of Garlick Horse-radish and Water-Cresses give it and the Patient will presently be cured Believe one that has experienced it it is true A GUIDE TO The Practical Physician BOOK IV. Of Diseases beginning with the Letter D. Deglutitio laesa or The Swallowing hurt The Contents The cure of strange things swallowed either sticking in the Oesophagus or got into the Stomach I. The Oesophagus freed from obstruction II. One that could not swallow sustained by Injections in at the Mouth III. The Cure of it hurt by the ulcerated Jaws IV. When a Pipe may be used to get down Food that cannot otherwise pass V. I. WHAT things contrary to nature are swallowed either come into the Stomach or stick in the Oesophagus This is an Instance of the former A Maid eighteen years old as she was eating swallowed a brass Pin with the Point downwards which sticking in the Oesophagus created cruel Pain When she had tried several things and continued a whole year in this Condition the Pin was by my advice thrust into her Stomach with a Shoomaker 's Wax candle thrusting it gently twice or thrice a-day and anointing it first with Oil of sweet Almonds which was done without pain and quickly after it got into the Stomach It has given no more trouble as yet A Woman as she was cheapning goods held a Farthing in her mouth and having forgot it as she was eating a peice of Cake that was offered her she swallowed it before she was aware Then she had a dull pain and Copperish taste in her stomach I being consulted because for some reasons I would not give her a Vomit ordered her constantly to use slippery and fat things and gave her from six to nine drops of rectified Spirit of Salt twice a-day so that by little and little the ill taste was abated and in a while the sad sensation ceased Here it happened as Theophrastus in his Book of Fire speaks pag. 142. That the Stomach melts money And acid Spirits are not so hurtfull to the Stomach but they lessen the weight of Brass and Silver by getting out their Vitriol so that afterwards they may pass the Guts more easily A Boy of twelve years of age swallowed an Imperial Spanish Half-crown that he had in his mouth which stuck in his throat the Chirurgeon tried as much as he could to get it out but all in vain so that he was forced to drive it into his Stomach which being done not without much trouble care was taken of the Oesophagus which was pained and almost wounded by giving Traumaticks and Paregoricks The Patient in the mean time as soon as the money was received into his Stomach was very well onely he had a pain in his throat and swallowed with difficulty nor has he found any trouble to this day the Silver having remained now nine years fixt in its place A Boy three years old when he had put two Links of a brass Chain an inch long in his mouth swallowed them unawares and as they stuck in his throat he roared out for pain but as soon as they were got into his stomach he seemed to all nothing but ate and drank heartily His carefull Parents searched the excrements every day for several weeks but in vain for they found nothing so they certainly concluded they were by little and little wasted in the stomach But the excrements were never observed to recede from their natural state The Boy lives now very well in health A Boy five years old when he had swallowed a leaden Seal that uses to be fastned to Cloth was troubled with grievous pain till it got into his stomach and was cured by giving him distilled Vinegar G. Wolfg. Wedelius Misc cur an 1672. obs 141. whereas at first his Parents were afraid of his life yet nothing of so broad and thick a piece could be observed to be voided but he is now very well And it was the best advice to give him distilled Vinegar because by dissolving the body of Saturn it turned it into Sugar II. One being very hungry was eating a boiled Hog's-foot and a piece of it with the bone stuck in his throat for two days A Chirurgeon turned a long piece of iron Wire like a Hook at the end put it down his throat by the Hook whereof the piece of the foot was caught Riverius cent 3. obs 71. and with main strength drawn out of his throat III. A man being taken with a true Quinsey had the upper orifice of his stomach so close shut with the Inflammation that he could swallow nothing at all While Remedies were using that he might be able to bear plentifull Bloud-letting and other Remedies for reparation of strength a Catheter was put into the Oesophagus and a Syringe fitted to it by which Broths were got into his stomach and Medicines also Idem cent 3. Obs 72. by help whereof he was cured of his Disease IV. One asked my advice saying he was troubled with Wolves in his Nose Flanderkins calls Snot concrete in the Nostrils Wolves which Nurses take out of Children with Pins heads and moreover that he had some pain in his Jaws which reached to the middle
must cure quickly XVIII Medicines I. ALL People write that in the beginning of the Disease a Vein must be breathed But we must observe that when this Disease first appears to begin it is in the State already For when the Drink passes unaltered the Veins of the whole Body and the Liver were emptied and dried up long before but the Patients cannot know the beginning and encrease because this Attraction is a natural work and while it is performed onely in the Veins of the Liver it is without any sense of Want and therefore creates no trouble to the Body And when it is in the state all the serous humidity that is in the Veins and was contained in the Liver and Stomach is then consumed otherwise there would neither be thirst nor attraction of potulent matter unchanged But in this case the Body is already thin and dry And I think it not adviseable to let-bloud when the Veins are already dried up Nor let any man object that when the Serum is evacuated bloud is left in the Veins I confess some part of the bloud is left but where Serum is wanting bloud also must necessarily be wanting for Serum is therefore mixt with the bloud that it may distribute the same into all the parts of the Body Take away Serum and you take away distribution besides since a great part of the bloud is made of potulent matter if we presently void what we drink by Urine it cannot be turned into bloud Therefore in a true Diabetes Bloud-letting is never proper Saxonia Prael pract whatever some men may say II. If salt Phlegm be contained in the Stomach which being carried to the Reins increases the Disease or if cholerick humours be carried to the Stomach to the end they may be diverted from the Kidneys a Vomit may be allowed of Barley-water with Radish-juice Powder of Asarum or the like But according to Aetius his opinion Vomit provoked by large drinking of Water immediately as it is drunk is to no purpose because sudden taking and rejecting onely cools and moistens the mouth of the Stomach and can discharge nothing nor can its virtue reach the Kidneys Idem the parts primarily affected III. Matthaeus ix ad Almans fears the mildest Medicines as Rose-juice lest the sharp Juices at such a time should be attracted by the Kidneys which attract strongly by virtue of the Medicine But if a Diabetes be fed by a sharp and bilious humour why are mild Purgers to be refused which cannot put the Body in agitation because mild ones will not doe it And provided they should they ought not therefore to be rejected for according to Galen aphor 24. We do not use a Purge because of the Fever for we know on that score it will doe hurt but because of the humours that cause it Wherefore there must arise more benefit from evacuation of noxious humours than there can detriment which will necessarily follow from purging Medicines IV. In an exquisite Diabetes caused by attraction of urine Cassia is proper according to Capivaccius But Matthaeus Iradi prefers a Clyster before a Purge Yet Capivaccius says it should not always be cooling He holds that Tamarinds in a moderate quantity without the Diuretick Powders are proper Manna and all Sweet things that in hot Distempers turn into Bile must be omitted according to Theodor. Baronius de oper mejendi l. 2. c. 5. He says Citrine Myrobalans bind up the Pores and having loosened the Belly exasperate the Bowels therefore the first time they are convenient is after perfect Concoction V. Revulsion and Purging premised certain Diureticks that are cold and moist now and then abstersive ones are convenient Such are chiefly Whey in which when there is need of abstersion Barley with Caper-bark and Bean-shels may be boiled If there be need of greater abstersion you may add also bitter Almonds or Lupines or Vetch for they are strong Detersives After Detersion the acrimony of the humour must be cooled and allayed Some reject all things that provoke urine cold aswell as hot But if the Kidneys be affected and imbued with a salt and sharp humour how can it be that the impacted matter should any way be carried off unless we use things that provoke urine Galen indeed 13. method cap. 12. forbids them when the Kidneys are affected but he onely means thus much that the humours which are otherwhere should not be carried to that place But he no where teaches that the impacted humour should not be carried away by the same place So a Vomit cures vomiting raised by an humour impacted in the Stomach so purging Stops a Loosness VI. The Arabians commend the use of Sweating Physick that they may divert the matter from the Kidneys to the Habit of the Body But this operation is suspected by me for they would either carry into the habit of the body the Serosity then contained in the Liver or the potulent matter lately drank Perfect Serum they cannot get out for it is in the Veins and they are dried up It is not made in the Liver therefore they will draw the potulent matter unchanged Saxonia Prael pract part 2. c. 34. For the Serum is not retained in the Liver and it is much worse for drink to be distributed unaltered into all the Veins and habit of the body than presently to be carried off by urine ¶ Lenitives c. being premised some use to raise a Sweat in a Bath of warm water though at this time it succeeds better in bed with bottles full of water Now some give a Decoction of Cinquefoyl and China but I think it more adviseable after taking one drachm of Harts-horn philosophically prepared according to Paul that the Patient drink plentifully of cold water and presently be covered in a hot bed Fortis consult 1. cent 4. applying bottles full of hot water to his sides VII In a Diabetes the use of Narcoticks is wholesome because it cools thickens thin humours hinders motion causes sleep Aetius uses Narcoticks while the Disease increases but it may not be amiss to give them when it is at the height Augenius Epist with what ought being premised VIII Astringents are good to bind the dilated Vessels but onely in the progress of the Disease and because the retentive faculty is also decayed The Arabians use them without observing any distinction of time yet they will doe hurt in the beginning while the Kidneys do as yet retain noxious matter and because they increase driness and the attractive faculty of the Kidneys It is better then to use attemperating and moderately moist things Mercatus IX Violent Astringents inward and outward must be avoided by reason of drying Matth. de Gradi Rondel ¶ For a Hectick may be feared Too cold and astringent things upon the Spine hinder Transpiration X. If a Diabetes be produced by a volatile Salt and that sharp either applied outwards or taken inwards or any way severed and existing in
our body certainly its cure will consist in the contemperation of the foresaid more sharp volatile Salt both by oily things as Emulsions of Barley sweet Almonds Seeds of white Poppy Melon Cucumber c. by sweet Milk of the Cow Sheep Goat Woman Ass c. And by Acids but contempered with a volatile Salt sweet Spirit of Salt c. mixing them with convenient Drink Broths c. but not with the aforesaid Emulsions or Milk Sylvius Append because all sowre things make them curdle XI I believe the chief and most frequent cause of a Diabetes consists in the too much dissolved and lax mixture of the bloud and likewise scarcity and less than ought of urine in a too strict consistency of bloud If the cause of this lax and dissolute consistency which makes it apt to dissolve into Serum be inquired we say the fusion of it as also of Milk proceeds from hence because since in the mass of it Salts of divers natures meet and are associated the rest of the particles being freed from the Salt ones which keep them one from another and contain them in mixtion make a Separation And it is plainly evident that Salino fixt and volatile particles are always in the bloud naturally among which if at any time an acid Salt or one that has obtain'd a fluidity do come in a sufficient quantity it will easily produce the aforesaid Disease Hence it is that Rhenish-wine c. and acid Liquours when they are drunk provoke urine plentifully for this reason also Medicines having a fixt or volatile Salt use to move urine in some sickly People whose bloud abounds with an acid Salt Astringent Medicines properly so called namely harsh bitter and styptick ones which by corrugating the fibres of the bowels and by contracting them into a shorter space do stop their expulsive and excretory faculty and therefore hinder Purging upwards and downwards although they use to be vulgarly prescribed to hinder pissing they doe little or no good because their virtue is able to doe nothing in the mass of bloud and it reaches not the Kidneys or Bladder Wherefore that it is to no purpose in a Diabetes to prescribe the rind and flowers of Pomegranates Medlars Tormentil-roots and the like as Reason dictates so Experience confirms But the things that are found to doe most good and square exactly enough with our Hypothesis some of them are such as hinder the combinations of Salts and consequently the fusion of Bloud such as those that are vulgarly called thickning Medicines and have viscous and glutinous Particles which being admitted into the mass of bloud pertinaciously adhere to its active Particles and sever them and so hinder them from combining mutually among themselves or with the Saline ones any other way in fusion Other things dissolve the accretions of Salts and therefore restore the mixture of the bloud such as Saline things of another nature which naturally stick to an acid Salt and so recall it from the combinations it has entered into within the bloud such Medicines are they especially that are indued with a fixt Salt and with a volatile and alkalizate one Besides these two primary sorts of Ischureticks there is another secondary one namely an Hypnotick which by putting a stop to the animal Oeconomy makes the vital Regiment to be performed more sedately and therefore with less fusion of the bloud or precipitation of the serous and nutritious humour Willis XII It sometimes proceeds from too much cooling of the Liver And observe this for no man to my knowledge has taken notice of it Reason persuades it for if a Dropsie be caused why may not a Diabetes When the Liver breeds Water why may it not as well send it to the Kidneys as into the capacity of the Belly Saxonia XIII I first cured my self of abundance of Urine and then my young Daughter and as many as came into my hands when all died that fell into other hands though they were reckoned famous men And when in the presence of some of them I had almost cured one man in a day who had been a month under cure and had found no benefit but was well nigh dead they admired I abstained from Purgatives they gave them I abstained from fat things they advised the use of them I gave them Raisins they consented but they would not admit Lentils but against their will I used hot things they cold I applied Astringents to the Kidneys they feared lest the Water violently stopt would flow back to the principal Bowels I took away the Feather-bed they forgot it I often washed the Feet and they neglected it I gave White-wine they said of right it was not proper I forbad exercise after meat Cardanus I injoined Sleep they agreed with me onely in these two rules Capivaccius XIV In a spurious one by transmission we must have a care of Coolers XV. It is worth remembrance concerning Quinces which have a cooling and astringent faculty how Pascalius in his Praxis c. 50. writes that Alfonsus King of Naples upon the use of them fell into a Diabetes Saxonia XVI A Bath of Sweet-water may be convenient for it moistens the body that is then dried especially if it be indued with a cooling virtue but a mineral one and of a drying faculty by no means for it would quickly bring the Patient into a Consumption Idem especially if he be of a hot constitution XVII A man thirty years of age after plentifull Drinking of Wine fell into a Diabetes with most violent heat extreme thirst and so great a flux of urine that he made thrice as much water as he drank by day as well as night But after Bloud letting and the frequent use of Tincture of Corals Decoction of Plantain and especially that mixture Fr. Sylvius Prax. l. 1. c. 30. § 183. hath to temper the volatility of the pancreatick Juice within fifteen days the Disease abated This is the Mixture Take of Water of Plantain 3 ounces Cinnamon distilled Vinegar each half an ounce Syrup of Purslane 1 ounce Powder of red Coral 1 drachm Mix them This Mixture may be given by spoonfulls A. Hermannus commisc curâ—an 1672. obs 183. If any one would have it stronger he may add to it half a scruple or a whole one of Acacia or Juice of Hypocistis XVIII Medicines must be given presently because it brings Men often into a Consumption through the exceeding Heat of the whole Body especially of the Liver Kidneys and Venous kind I cured a Countrey fellow who was taken with it after a burning Fever with Coolers and Moistners adding Astringents and Strengthners Knobl oâ—hiuâ— in Apâ—â— p. 40â— among other things his whole Body was wrapt in a Plaster Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. These are most effectual Trochiscs which contain of the mucilage of Fleawort-seed Coriander-seed prepared burnt Ivory Coral Amber Dragon's-bloud Red-saunders Flower each two drachms
good Crocus Martis well prepared may justly be prefered before all others Willis XIX If a Loosness have a cough with it we must abstain from astringents But because Medicines do bind either by their thick or by their viscid substance when there is a cough astringents are used that have a viscid substance such as Wheat-flower Gum Tragacanth Capivaccius Comfrey and Plantain XX. When a man has got the Pox and has a Loosness with it then Sarsa China and the new Antidotes are good for then we must not desist from Sarsa because the disease depends on a venereal virulence Such a receipt as this may be proper Take of juice of Sow-thistle depurated 2 drachms powder of Sarsa 1 drachm Gum Tragacanth-half a drachm Spec. è santalis half a drachm mix them make Bolus's This Medicine alters the venereal virulence and the Flux depending thereon But because Sow-thistle and Sarsa open and loosen to correct the Basis Idem and especially the Sarsa we may mix half a drachm of Spec. Triâ—â—n Santal or Tragac. XXI We must have a care of sweet things for they because cold and moist make the matter more fluent and loose Therefore they doe most hurt when the Loosness comes from a hot matter in a hot body Nor may we use things that have Vinegar in them Idem and we must especially abstain from that which is sharp and from any quantity of it XXII Aristotle 4. Probl. 18. thinks that Venus sometimes stops an old Loosness and so think Paulus and Aetius Fortis But it is not proper when there is a defect of innate heat XXIII Whether do astringent meats taken first bind Some alimentous astringents taken before meal bind the belly but taken after meal loosen it as may be gathered from the constriction of the Fibres For when they are given before meal the Pylorus is more strengthened whereas after meal by accident the sides of the Stomach being straitned it is made more lax and this is particularly verified in Quinces Whence also it is manifest that astringent Medicines themselves cannot conveniently be given with meat Moreover I have observed that by accident in persons of a more tender and lax texture as to their Stomach and Guts G. Wolf Wedelius a styptick powder has caused a Loosness Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Mulberries not ripe but as yet sowre dried in the Sun then powdered and applied and upon occasion given inwards will make a great restringent Medicine for a Loosness and may well be given to coeliack persons who have been long sick in powder either with meat or drink Aetius 2. Old Cheese is a most effectual Remedy boiled till all the saltness be out they toste it first then after it is boiled they dry it A drachm weight stops a Flux wonderfully ¶ Also the inner rind of a Chesnut-tree is highly commended for it stops an old Flux Alex. Benedictus ¶ Among all Medicines Mastick is most commended taken in juice of Quinces 3. Many have been most easily cured by taking new Cows Milk frequently with Yelks of Eggs dissolved in it ¶ There is also a bisket-bread wherewith Elder-seed is mixt a drachm of which given in wine is highly commended Petrus Borellus Also bread made of Rye flower with juice of Elder is very good for all Loosnesses 4. In a Flux of the Belly that is very pertinacious a most effectual remedy is propounded by Avicenna and it is old salt cheese which must be often washed and boiled till it become altogether fresh Capivaccius The dose is a drachm with juice of Quinces 5. One had a loosness 3 years at last when he had eaten Grewel with Acorns in it his Loosness was stopt And after the universal remedies I use to give with success 1 drachm of Plantain seed powdered in a rear Egg. Forestus 6. Take of Dragons bloud Frankincense Mastick Mummy Terra Sigillata each 1 drachm Bole Armenick 1 drachm and an half Carab Blood-stone each 1 drachm Make a powder Grulingius it deserves commendation 7. This is of wonderfull Efficacy Sugar of Roses dissolved in juice of Quinces and Plantain water heat and strained and given upon a fasting Stomach ¶ This is of incredible efficacy Take of Quinces or Pears or Dates green 1 pound steep them in Vinegar and water boil them and add of Roses and Wormwood each 1 handfull of Cumminseed baked and steeped in Vinegar 3 drachms Make a decoction and mash them together Add of Acacia Mastick each half an ounce Coral 1 ounce Cloves Spikenard each 1 drachm Oil of Roses unripe Olives and Myrtle each 2 ounces and an half Lud. Mercatus with 2 pounds of white Bread or Bran make a Cataplasm 8. A singular secret against the Flux of the Belly Take some great and unripe Sloes bruise them strain out the juice coagulate it upon the fire till it be dry and become a kind of yellow powder Give half a drachm of this in water of Sloes or Plantain Joh. Poppius 9. Take of juice of spotted Arsmart Housleek each 3 ounces Boil them to a third part they certainly cure a Loosness Riverius though never so inveterate 10. For a Loosness let Pidgeons dung be dissolved in water of Fleawort or Willow or let it be boiled in rain water and the feet washed therewith It is admirable and sure J. Dav. Rulandus ¶ Also the dung mixt with strong Vinegar and laid upon the Navel presently stops any Flux 11. Take a fat Turtle pulled and drawn wash her gently put an ounce of new wax in her Belly boil her in a sufficient quantity of Water Eat her up and drink the Broth. I found this to be truly salutiferous in one who had been a long time sick of a Loosness ¶ This has been proved by often experience Take a large quantity of Knot-grass boil it in rain water In this Decoction let the sick party set onely the Soles of his feet afterwards let him cover his feet with water let this be done thrice a day for three days continually increasing the water till it cover his Knees I have known several cured in this manner Saxonia and it may be tried without any inconvenience or danger 12. In a chylous Flux especially outward Medicines are of great efficacy and are used with less danger as a Plaster of Lupine meal Sennertus with oil of Nard and the like 13. In any Flux and Pain of the Belly rain water Joh. Stokkerus with Mastick boiled in it taken warm is good It is approved and certain 14. The Liver of a Wolf Jacob. Sylvius if a Spoonfull of it be taken in a morning is an excellent Remedy 15. Boil Knotgrass in Wine Vinegar strain it dip a double cloth in it M. J. Wittichius and apply it to the Stomach Navel and Back It is an experiment that has helped many Dolor or Pain or
Inflammations 6. Sanctorius in his Commentary upon Avicenna for easing the most violent pains when digesting Anodynes have been applied to no purpose before touches the part pained with a Bladder full of cold water quickly and removes it again without any delay and repeats this three or four times and so he writes the pains are eased Dysenteria or The Bloudy Flux The Contents Letting of bloud sometimes necessary I. A Vomit is often proper II. One cured by a Vomit III. Whether we may purge IV. What must be done if a man cannot take a purge when it is necessary V. When Rheubarb may be given VI. Sometimes it is hurtfull VII The manner of giving it VIII The benefit of Tamarinds and their correction IX Whether Cassia be proper to purge withall X. Sylvius his cure of an epidemick cholerick one XI Clysters are very proper XII The abuse of fat ones hurtfull XIII Astringent ones must be used with caution XIV Cooling ones must not be given rashly XV. With what cautions Astringents should be used XVI The use of dry things and powders suspected in Clysters XVII Opiates in them must be avoided XVIII The degrees of Detersives XIX Cautions about the use of them XX. How the remaining Costiveness may be removed XXI The use of Astringents suspected XXII If it come of salt Phlegm we must use Astringents with caution XXIII The use of Astringent and glutinous powders is to be preferred before Pills or Bolus's XXIV Whether Chalybeates be proper XXV Cured by drinking cold Water XXVI The damages of one stopt unseasonably XXVII The efficacy of Balsam of Peru in a desperate one XXVIII Whether the use of Milk be wholsome XXIX Narcoticks must be used with prudence XXX The hurt of Laudanum XXXI When Diureticks are seasonable XXXII Natural Waters how usefull XXXIII The internal use of Wax is beneficial XXXIV The excellency and correction of a Nutmeg XXXV The use of Oils hurtfull XXXVI The benefit of outward Medicines XXXVII The cure of a Dysentery without bloud XXXVIII The description and cure of an epidemick one XXXIX What such the Diet should be XL. What the Meat XLI What the Drink XLII Medicines I. LEtting of bloud is called into question by many 1. Because no mention is made of it either by Galen or the Arabians 2. Because when the Belly is loose bloud must not be taken away 3. Lest Choler should grow fierce But Trallianus and Aetius let bloud whom others follow and deservedly because when it is indicated and permitted bloud should be let The Indicant is Bloud offending either in substance quantity or motion The Permittent is strength to bear it As to the Arguments 1. The first concludes nothing 2. Vallesius says that Galen's Maxime When the Belly is loose c. has killed more than it has cured For when one evacuation is the cure of another evacuation it should by all means be permitted but not when it is critical Fortis Câ—ns â—6 cent 2. 3. Sharp and bilious humours forbid indeed a great quantity of bloud but not bleeding at all ¶ Others reject Bloud-letting because bile rather offends than bloud 2. Because it conduces nothing to the cure of an Ulcer 3. Because by watchings and fevers it farther casts down strength which is already weak by often going to stool 4. Because when the Belly is loose it is not lawfull to let bloud according to Galen But it is the opinion of the skilfull when there is a Fever and an inflammation of the Intestines accompanying the Ulcer for the most part that bloud should be let in the beginning of the disease before the strength be any more wasted with the Flux for by means of Phlebotomy the sharp humours and bloud that run violently to the Intestines are drawn back and by it fear of an inflammation is removed pain is eased the Fever extinguished the heat of the Liver abated and the evil disposition removed As to the contrary reasons 1. Bloud does not always offend as a principal cause but ever as an assisting cause and without which the Flux could not be which faults Bloud-letting helps 2. Bloud-letting draws away the humours that run to the ulcerated place 3. It must be celebrated in the beginning before the strength be much wasted 4. Bloud-letting hurts some Fluxes and any that has much spent a man but this not at all if performed in the beginning ¶ Valescus de Taranta says thus A very old man had been miserably tormented with a Bloudy flux for three months and when I was called into consultation I contrary to to the opinion of all the other Physicians ordered him to be let bloud and he presently recovered ¶ I. C. Claudinus says he can safely swear that in an epidemick Dysentery in his time he saved several mens lives by this kind of remedy and hastened their recovery II. They that suspect a Vomit rely upon Hippocrates his opinion in Coacis where he says that in dysenterick persons cholerick vomiting in the beginning is a grievous evil But there he speaks of a spontaneous vomiting which is bad indeed because it is symptomatick and denotes the disposition of a fierce humour the notorious disorder of the Bowels the weakness of the retentive faculty and some hurt in the Stomach which is co-affected But a vomiting caused by art may be convenient if the Patient have an inclination to vomit and the humours stagnate in the Stomach for revulsion is made from the part affected Hippocrates himself l. de affect n. 2. advises vomiting When says he you have purged the head give a medicine in drink which purges Phlegm upwards ¶ Amatus follows him centur 2. curat 44. in Scholio where he says If a Physician could retract upwards the bilious and sharp humour that runs to the Intestines and breeds the Bloudy-Flux and could evacuate it by vomit doubtless it were a foolish thing and contrary to Galen 's rules to carry the matter through the Intestines which are full of Vlcers But when the Physician is not able to attain this yet he ought to endeavour it to his power and consequently effect it by purging Medicines ¶ Mercatus confirms this in these words You must translate the humours to another place by bloud-letting purging and vomiting especially in salt phlegm for by this way I have seen long Dysenteries cured III. A young man twenty years of age about the end of August 1643. had been sick of a Bloudy-flux for twenty days which he had taken no care of by any Medicine till being brought to an Hospital he took by the prescription of the Physician a drachm of Salt of Vitriol dissolved in water He vomited much phlegmatick and cholerick stuff and so revulsion was made of the humour flowing to the Intestines and he was cured by this onely remedy Riverius IV. Why should any man purge in a Dysentery Will he not draw excrements to the part affected Certainly he must In the mean time therefore does he not doe harm
bilious humours must be procured which is of such efficacy in curing a dysentery that it put Amatus into admiration how a certain young Man in a dysentery could be cured onely by a draught of cold Water which he drank without the advice of his Physician But we may cease our admiration if we observe that Celsus 4. 15. proposes cold Water as the best remedy for a Bloudy-flux But here decoctions of Herbs and Juices Whey Spaw-waters and Milk are proper Take of the Decoction of Endive Lettuce Violets Plantain Purslane 5 ounces of clarified Juice of Plantain Purslane each 1 ounce Mix them Give it for five or six days or Take of Water of Lettuce Water-Lily Plantain each 2 ounces Seeds of White Popies 2 drachms Make an Emulsion to which add of Juice of Quinces 1 ounce Fortis consult 93. cent 2. Diamargariton frigidum 1 scruple Mix them For we must abstain from Sugar as also from Honey XXVII Galen against Herodotus declares sufficiently what harm the unseasonable use of astringents does It is suppressed indeed in the declension of the disease and lest the matter being turned upon some noble part should injure it astringents are ordered with Spices mixt therewith and things that provoke Urine for so the humour being diverted to the ways of Urine the Ulcers may heal the sooner And as far as I could ever learn by experience I have observed some upon stopping a dysentery unseasonably fall into an Epilepsie others into a Pleurisie And one Hollerius in Conces having the matter turned to his hands had them full of filthy thick scabs Some were so bound with astringent Medicines and their Guts so dried that afterwards they scarce went to stool once in four days ¶ In the year 1659 there was an Epidemick Dysentery up and down Switzerland one Bedoz his Wife was taken with it in the Village Courcelles in the Province of Newemburgh she had recourse immediately to astringents by the use whereof it was stopt but the humours falling back upon her right knee it continued swollen to her dying day XXVIII A very painfull dysentery had afflicted two well-grown Virgins for several days at divers times by reason of the Guts being exulcerated with yellow choler mixt with salt phlegm At first they had large frequent liquid and various stools mixt afterwards with a sort of Fat which were followed by caruncles or bits as it were of flesh plainly to be seen in their Excrements Yet both of them escaped by my assistence Among other things liquid Balsam of Peru was very successfull mixt in Clysters to defend the exulcerated Guts from the sharp and putrid excrements and to heal them I have also experienced the singular virtue of this most noble exotick liquour as well in immoderate Diarrhoeas as in Bloudy-stools when other things would doe little good And truely the effect of it was admirable in a young Man who was most barbarously tormented with most cruel Gripes a sanious stinking Matter coming out with the Excrements an argument of an Ulcer in the Guts And these Gripes could no ways be mitigated till I ordered the following Clyster to be given him and moreover half a scruple of the same Balsam mixt with Pine-Nuts adding of Syrup of Orange-Pill 2 drachms and refined Sugar half an ounce This was the Clyster Take of the root of Tormentil Comfrey each half an ounce Leaves of Plantain Shepherds-purse Horse-tail red Mint each half an handfull Flowers of Red-Rose Pomegranate Rose-mary each 1 pugil Seeds of Sumach 2 drachms Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Spring-water Lucas Scroeckius Ephem Germ. ann 3. p. 126. In 7 ounces of the Colature dissolve of Sugar half an ounce Balsam of Peru dissolved with the Yelk of an Egg 1 drachm Juice of Plantain fresh drawn 1 ounce When the Patient found present ease two hours after I ordered it to be repeated XXIX Since some commend the use of Milk and others forbid it it is certain that it has been given sometimes with good success sometimes with bad For Amatus cur 44. cent 2. says he once accounted it poison Hippocrates 5. aph 64. affirms it is hurtfull to several persons Saxonia on the contrary in prael pr. affirms that he has not onely taken away pains but has cured Dysenteries at the first without any other help Nor are reasons wanting for Milk especially allays the heat of Choler takes off Acrimony and asswages the heat of the bowels As it purges downwards it carries off cholerick filth But this or that preparation or this or that constitution of a disease renders it wholsome or unwholsome Milk consists of three substances of Cheese whereby especially it nourishes and plasters the Ulcerated Guts Of Butter whereby it eases pain digests anoints the Guts and fences them against sharp humours Of Whey whereby it is abstersive and cleansing In many respects therefore it is proper as it serves the turn both for food and physick Yet the use of it must be circumscribed with several cautions In the first days therefore it must be used raw and new milked that the choler may be drawn downwards so Aetius advises in the progress of the disease that the flux may be stopt it stands in need of preparation and the Whey which has the detersive faculty useless at that time must be consumed by boiling Gold in it or quenching Flints and Steel therein so also the fat and igneous parts prone to turn into choler or to purge are dissipated But if the prohibiting Symptomes proposed by Hippocrates 5. aph 64. attend a dysentery as Head-ach Thundring Hypochondriack Meteors a high Fever a flood of Choler flowing in abundance we must abstain from Milk or a fourth part of Rain-water must be added and given after it has boiled a little mixt with a little Honey left it corrupt on the stomach Thus prepared it may according to the opinion of several be given innocently when these impediments are present Note the greatest part of the Cacochymie must be carried off by Purges before the use of it ¶ Hor. Augenius says that is the safest way of giving it and one that never fails which Aetius proposes which nevertheless he uses not for purging in the first days because we have other very sate Purgers much safer than the use of Milk But he commends it in the progress of the disease pouring into it as it boiles a fourth part of Water and that for three days For the next three days he boils the Milk a third part or half away when there is a Fever with it he says all inconvenience may be corrected by mixing Rain-water with it ¶ Milk may be given notwithstanding bilious stools or a Fever if so be most part of the choler be purged away onely the inconvenience must be taken away by boiling it with Plantain-water or by quenching red-hot stones or Gad's of Steel in it for it is imbued with a faculty that dries and resists corruption Fortis consult 93. cent 2.
and if the Fever be not great it hinders not the giving of Milk for this is allowed by Hippocrates 5. aph 57. to those that are not in a high Fever He also 7 Epid. gave it to Critolaus his Son who had a Fever and cholerick Stools and recovered XXX This must be remembred that all Medicines that are made of Opium Henbane Mandrake or black Popy are suspected for this reason because although they seem to ease pain and therefore to strengthen the bowels yet the humours being gathered together are afterwards voided without intermission and the head being made heavy and the strength wasted they put the bowels in a worse condition Wherefore according to Trallianus they should be avoided except pain or watching do of necessity require them for then you may have recourse to Philonium Persicum Zecchius consult 37. or Romanum which yet may more innocently be mixt in Clysters ¶ The want of Opiates rightly prepared has rendred Narcoticks hitherto suspected but the successfull use of well-made Laudanum in several diseases has forbid the abrogating of the use of Narcoticks Riverius in his Practice says That Narcoticks taken by the mouth sometimes doe wonders they ease pain stop a flux cause sleep and so likewise recruit strength But they will be much more proper if they be mixt with astringents and strengtheners With what success he used them several of his observations testifie ¶ Horstius l. 11. obs 3. shews the efficacy of Laudanum It is known not onely what gripes but even exceeding bloudy stools kindly Dysenteries do sometimes cause whereby many would pay Nature her debt were they not succored by the use of Opiates Which a Noble Woman the last year confirmed who in the judgment of all that were by was reduced to the last extremity Aug. Thonerus l. 3. obs 10. but was so refreshed with 3 or 4 grains of our Laudanum that in a short time she recovered XXXI Thomas Minadous a Physician and Professour of Italy affirms that he observed all died of the Bloudy-flux who by the advice of Physicians took Laudanum Opiatum And that after the use of it the Ulcers grew more putrid and foul from the long stay of the purulent matter and noxious humours Let this therefore suffice for a Caution XXXII As in the cure of a Dysentery for Revulsion sake we use frictions and ligatures of the upper parts as likewise we endeavour to cause Sweat and sometimes provoke Vomit So also according to Galen's Doctrine we ought to provoke the noxious humours by the neighbouring places that serve to carry Urine But we must have a care one danger do not incur another for thence there is a two-fold one impending the first is observed by Celsus l. 4. c. 15. If things that provoke Vrine obtain their end in turning the Humour another way they doe good If they obtain it not they augment the Ail Therefore he subjoyns They must not be given except to such persons as in whom they use to have their effect speedily The other danger is lest the Ureter places and Vessels which are much straiter than the Guts when the sharp juices are called thither should be fretted and Ulcerated and so a dysury should succeed a dysentery The Skilfull avoid dangers by giving Diureticks long after the beginning of the Disease for derivation sake when part of the Abundance of humours is spent prescribing not Diureticks but lenients with cold and moisture Hildanus commends Earth-worms for this purpose XXXIII I reckon I should not conceal one remedy very familiar and successfull with me and known and used also by several Physicians It is this Drinking of natural Waters that are potentially cold for from them we have two things The one is the cooling of the Liver The other forasmuch as these Waters are in some measure astringent is that by stopping the Flux they give tone to the bowels and contribute to the cure of the Ulcer Yet the use of them must not be indifferent for it is not safe to give them when the peccant matter abounds in the body for if such matter should be intercepted by virtue of this Medicine one of these two things would follow either because this same matter being retained would be turned to other noble parts and then if it were turned to the more noble parts it would cause mortal sickness If to the less noble parts it would cause less mortal sickness yet very grievous ones Or the matter being detained is made sharper and gathered in greater quantity whence sometime falling with greater violence afterwards it is the cause of a worse Dysentery Wherefore the time to use such Waters is when the matter being evacuated in part is less in quantity for from them we may have with safety the cooling of the Liver strengthning of the Bowels interception of the Flux and a cure for the Ulcer But if at the beginning of the Dysentery there neither be a quantity of excrements nor any notable pravity in them appear they may then safely be given for I have used them frequently and have found the drinking of these Bath-waters so successfull that I should never desire a more effectual Remedy for the cure of a Dysentery than them seasonably given And I can affirm I was never frustrated of my expectations in giving them Now I have respect most to the Stomach P. S. Diversus Notis in Altimar c. 76. which I have ever a care to strengthen and defend against the Cold if it be very weak I use them not at all XXXIV The use of Wax in a rosted Apple is highly commended and it is no unusual Medicine at this day I think it was known to Valeriola lib. 3. obs 4. And although Serapio write that Wax is one of those Medicines that are not to be taken inwardly yet if it be taken moderately it has an emplastick virtue whereby it may heal the Ulcer and a Lentor whereby it may asswage it Dioscorides himself 2.76 says it may be given in Broth to dysenterick persons And although Valeriola thinks that the virtue of the Wax cannot reach the ulcerated Guts because through its thickness and emplastick faculty it must stick in the first ways fastning it self like Glew yet a rosted Apple hinders it from doing so with whose substance it is mixt in the minutest particles and which may serve as a Vehicle to it Valeriola chuses a Quince-apple that one and the same Medicine may have both an astringent and glutinous faculty but may be an Apple is more convenient because it is a most apt Vehicle to carry the Wax through the windings of the Guts Sennertus XXXV A Nutmeg is commended as highly beneficial in this Disease because of its different qualities By its earthy substance it binds strengthens the Bowels dries and causes a Cicatrice By its oily Substance it eases Pain smears over the Guts lest they be hurt by the Sharpness of the humours By its aromatick quality it strengthens the Liver
humours in the operation Therefore it is customary with me to subjoin a Paregorick a little sooner than we use to doe after Purges that is at any hour in the afternoon if we think the Purge has done its work that namely I may stop the motion which I set on going Afterwards I prescribe the said Cathartick for two times more that is to be taken every other day I give a Paregorick also after each Purge at the time I advised before Moreover I take care that it be given morning and evening those days he does not purge to the end I may subdue the fierceness of the Symptoms and gain time while I am busied in carrying off the peccant humour After bleeding and once purging I allowed them a taste of some temperate Cordial-water now and then And I used for an Anodyne Laudanum liquidum See its Description Book 3. Tit. de Colica Biliosa that is 14 or 15 drops in any Cordial-water for one Dose This recommended method has easily the preheminence over all that are yet known to me in conquering this Disease which very seldom continues beyond the third Purge But if the Disease were so stubborn as not to give way to these things then I used to give my Patient a Paregorick every day in the morning and at the hour of Sleep till he was perfectly well nor did I find the least inconvenience from so frequent a repetition of a narcotick Medicine as far as I could ever yet observe how great harm soever some unexperienced persons may threaten will follow from thence although I have known several who in a stubborn Disease have taken it every day for some weeks together Dysenteries in general were to be treated after this manner But it was observable that what came the first year were of a more subtile and spirituous nature than what infested men the following years and therefore they did not so readily yield to purging Medicines as to them that diluted and tempered the bloud and those sharp humours which are separated from it into the Guts Wherefore the first Autumn that the dry Gripes and Dysentery invaded us I constantly used the method following to drive away either Disease the issue every way answering till upon the approach of Cold I found it less efficacious the same year and so the years following when the Disease had departed farther from its subtilty I found it wholly useless And I proceeded thus If a Patient in the flower of his age had a Fever I ordered him to bleed in the Arm and within an hour or two to be well washed by throwing in a great quantity of Liquour See Book 3. Tit. de Cholera as was done in a Vomiting and Loosness but not as there with Chicken-broth or Posset-drink but Whey to be drunk cold in the like quantity and I ordered a Clyster of it warm without Sugar or any thing else I ever observed that the Gripes and bloudy stools after the return of the fourth Clyster did vanish When this trouble was over and all the Whey was passed which will be in three or four hours space if the Patient doe his duty diligently I forthwith committed him to his Bed where in a short time of his own accord he was dissolved into a Sweat from the Whey mixt with his Bloud which I ordered to be continued twenty four hours allowing him nothing in the mean time but raw Milk a little warmed which also he was to use and nothing else for three or four days after he rose from his Bed Sydenham de morb acut sect 3. cap. 3. If either he left his Bed or the use of his Milk too soon he was to go through the same course over again XL. Because the Advice of a Physician that would cure must not onely be directed to the present state of the Patient but also to the future we must know that although a thin Diet and Fasting be good for dysenterick persons in the first days yet because in process of time the strength may be wasted with pain watching and often going to stool it is good afterwards to feed the Patient somewhat higher To this purpose things distilled off Flesh roasted with Simples or Gelly-broths Zecchius cons 37. may seasonably be given XLI Let the Meat be simple and easie of Digestion wherein the Vulgar often offend who give to dysenterick Persons the hardest Meat and difficult of concoction if they think there is any binding quality in it Sennertus and so they increase Crudities and the Disease XLII As to Drink the best way is to drink sparingly Paulus and Aetius give rain water wherein astringent fruits have been boiled especially Sumach Sorrel and Plantain but it is onely proper for them that are used to it In our Countries pure Beer is proper Amatus Lusitanus cent 2. obs 46. tells of a cholerick young Man who in the heat of Summer began to be afflicted with a Dysentery and cholerick stools and when he was destitute of any Physician 's advice he drank store of cold water and was thereby recovered Which nevertheless we may not imitate unless in hot Countries a hot Season and where Choler abounds When Strength fails let some astringent red Wine be given diluted if convenient with spring water wherein heated Steel or Gold has been quenched or wherein Plantain has been boiled or infused And because the concoctive faculty does here fail the use of Wine is often beneficial and necessary and I have observed Idem it agreed well with several in this epidemick Dysentery Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Give the Dock finely powdered to the quantity of a spoonfull with a rear Egg and you will admire ¶ Sup liquid Alume with an Egg and then drink some dissolved in warm water and you will wonder Aetius 2. The diaphoretick Flowers of Antimony are highly commended ¶ Saccharum or dulcedo Aluminis is a most certain Remedy in the Bloudy-flux The Dose is 6 or 7 grains in Marmelade of Quinces Joh. Agricola 3. The Leaves of Silver-weed applied to the Soles of the Feet are reckoned a Secret to cure any Bloudy-flux in twenty four hours ¶ One was cured to a miracle and that quickly onely by using for his ordinary Drink Pet. Borellus water wherein Cork was boiled 4. I ever found this Plaster most effectual in a Bloudy-flux applied to the Belly and Reins Take of Tormentil root Crum of a white Loaf each what is sufficient Boil it in Wine or Vinegar till it be Pap. Spread this on a Cotton cloth Balth. Brunnerus and apply it to the region of the Belly before and behind 5. I have always found this doe good as an Anodyne that is by anointing with Oil of St. John's-wort and applying Nettles bruised between stones and heated to the Belly 6. In the end of a Dysentery Juice of Worm-wood and Mint well purified and made into a Syrup is very good ¶ Emplastrum
dog over night a hair of his tail will cure you the next morning And although this remedy may seem to contradict the common fundamental of Medical Cure that Contraries must be the cure of Contraries and that of Hippocrates 1 Aphor. 3. That fulness is cured by emptiness Yet we must distinguish between things that are done by accident and things that come of themselves Repletion is not truely the remedy of repletion but it does good inasmuch as it excites the faculty and the innate heat hence a consumption of the morbifick matter happens from it For Nature upon the accession of new Aliment attempts concoction which before it was not able to perform Crude matter indeed over-heaped does harm if the quantity exceed the strength of the stomach but a little puts Nature in mind of her duty and solicites her to perfect concoction Hollerius de morb in t lib. 1. cap. 3. affirms that the hurt of Wine is removed by repeated drinking inasmuch as Wine by its heating and drying power consumes the hurt of Wine In the same manner as Hippocrates says that pains in the eyes arising from thick vapours are cured by drinking mere Wine A. Villanovanus in his Comment upon the aforesaid Verses adds a caution namely that the rule holds not good when Drunkenness has heated the body because then the repeated drinking of Wine would be onely adding fewel to the fire II. One that had drank plentifully of Spanish Wine fell from his seat and lay for dead when his Scrotum Heer obs 19. and all his Privities were wrapt up in the Juice of Housleek mixt with sharp Vinegar and Nitre his drunkenness was presently discussed yet a heaviness remained in his head III. Galen for the concoction of crudity orders them that are drunk to bathe the next day and after bathing to go to sleep Yet he advises not this in every head-ach but when the head is hot without a Fever then he prescribes a Bath and after bathing to eat Lettuce and sup Ptisan Langius lib. 1. Epist 30. But when flatulent vapours exhale to the head from putrid humours in the stomach and cause giddiness then he utterly disswades the use of the Bath Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Leaves of large-headed Lettuce steeped in cold water and applied to the head Jacob. Fontanus are good for the Head-ach 2. Nic. Piso It is a most excellent thing to prevent drunkenness to take 2 ounces of Oil. 3. One writes that if you take the powder of burnt Swallows it will never suffer you to be drunk ¶ Also a Powder that hinders drunkenness is thus prepared Take of Seeds of Colewort 1 drachm Coriander half a drachm Camphire 2 grains The dose is a spoonfull in austere Wine ¶ Also Vinegar taken either dashed with water or by it self in a good quantity is an Antidote against drunkenness Felix Platerus wherewith a notorious drunkard has used for a long time to arm himself against all harm from hard drinking 4. If you take 2 ounces of common Oil of Roses you will be free from drunkenness that whole day ¶ This Powder is accounted a great secret Take of the powder of Red-Roses half a scruple burnt-Swallows 2 scruples Seeds of Cabbage Purslain each half a scruple Massick 4 grains Sugar of Roses 2 scruples for one time Ecchymoma or a Bruise or Blackness and Blewness The Contents Fat things must not be applied I. We must use Suppuraters cautiously II. We must not tarry for perfect Suppuration III. A spontaneous one how cured IV. If the Skin be broken it must be guarded before a Cataplasm be applied V. A great one in the head cured by the use of dispersers VI. How cured in the sides belly and back VII How to be handled about the ribs VIII The cure of one in the left Groin IX It s cure by cutting X. One by a Fall how cured XI They that are not timely taken out end in sinuous Vlcers and must be cured by cutting XII Medicines I. BAth-keepers apply to the contusion of the parts a middling Medicine between a Plaster and a Cataplasm made of astringents dispersers driers and strengthners of the tendons and nerves as Bean-flower dust of the Mill Bole-Armenick Comfrey mixt with the White of an Egg. Horstius says It is no absurdity if we apply such things as soon as the part is bruised though it want articulation while the matter is yet upon motion thither For then the affluent matter is wasted more powerfully by drying and hindred by repelling But if we use Unguents or Oils the Skin and Pores are stopt so that what ought to exhale cannot Otherwise if the Contusion be small nothing is better in the beginning for moderate repelling and discussing than a linen-cloth dipt in Rose-water and Whites of Eggs beaten Hâ—â—efâ—rus Here Med. l. 5. c. 1. applied warm Or if the Skin onely be bruised it may be anointed immediately with Hog's-grease It will be quickly cured without any spot II. If we can by no means obtain discussion and there be marks of Suppuration it must be promoted Yet we must use caution in the application of Suppuraters and we must not use any but such as are moderate for if we mistake but a little in this case a fordid Ulcer and Putrefaction may easily be raised in the part III. And because Modern Chirurgeons have observed this they advise when we observe a Contusion run into an Imposthume that we should not wait for perfect Suppuration For if Pus which is bred of concrete bloud be kept long in the part affected it may cause much mischief as Fevers Pains and high Putrefaction and corrupt the adjoyning parts Nerves and Bones whence afterwards malignant Ulcers and oftentimes Fistulaes derive their original Nor also do they admit of emollient and suppurating Plasters and Cataplasms because Putrefaction may easily be caused by them Senuertus IV. A Man of Threescore of a full constitution complained of defluxions from his head the night following he observes a sudden remission of his Head-ach His left arm was all on a sudden of a deep bloud red colour without any pain or inflammation and so was the upper part of the same side When I was called I judged it to be an Ecchymosis from an internal cause Nature driving the abundance of bloud which threatned an Apoplexy from fulness to the out parts and I declared that this afflux must be dissipated by things that digest gradually and not at all by repellents By which means the red colour became a little blew and then yellow just as we see Ecchymoâ—â— left after bloud-letting are also dissipated by Nature For this reason I ordered Ry-flower mixt with powder of Chamaemil flowers Savine and Melilot c. to be applied twice a day Making use in the mean time of such things as plenitude requires ¶ A boy six months old had several fits at length when his Fits were returning he was
be used XX. Hot Cephalicks are not proper for every one XXI Whether a Decoction of Guaiacum be proper XXII Whether Guaiacum be the Lignum Heracleum Rulandi XXIII The Foecula of Paeony ineffectual XXIV For what sort Cinnabar of Antimony is proper XXV A succedaneum to Oil of Amber which should be rejected because of its stink XXVI One by consent with the Stomach exasperated by Medicines and ending upon leaving them off XXVII Cured by voiding Worms downwards XXVIII By the use of Spleneticks XXIX By drinking Vinegar and Water XXX Abstinence from Wine is of great moment for the prevention of it XXXI Whether Apium be hurtfull XXXII Indications for its Cure and Prevention XXXIII Medicines I. PEtrus Salius Diversus l. de affectib partic c. 3. proves clearly that the Epilepsie is caused by Bloud from Hippocrates 4. acut tom 23. He judges the cause to be an Irruption of the bloud into the upper parts and a Repletion of the vessels of the brain made on a sudden which being of a heavy nature and it may be also of a molesting quality causes the Epilepsie while nature rises to the expulsion and discussion of it Hippocrates in the same place calls that Oppression of Bloud 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Epidemiis 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Foësius in his Oeconomia translates it the stopping of the Bloud flowing with violence and swelling By which words Hippocrates intimates the interrupted Circulation of the bloud was known to himself as is clear from his Book 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nourishment passes to the Hair and Nails and to the outmost superficies of the Body from things within and from things without nourishment passes from the outmost superficies to the inner parts And since the innate heat goes in danger of being extinguished by this Repletion of the vessels through the abundance that threatens Suffocation no other Remedy to prevent so great a danger seems to be indicated than plentifull Bloud-letting Salius in the said place does therefore assign the very same Cure to an Epilepsie when it is bred as to an Apoplexy which arises from the same cause that is plentifull Bloud-letting in the inner Vein of the right Arm according to Hippocrates his opinion in the forequoted place ¶ Yet at this day saith Sennertus scarce any one would advise or attempt any such thing in the very Paroxysm seeing at that instant neither Bloud can conveniently be let nor if it could were it in his Judgment either safe or beneficial by reason of the violent contest between Nature which is then highly oppressed and the morbifick cause as the hurt in respiration and other actions by reason the influx of animal spirits is interrupted The Physician therefore might incur the censure of rashness and pay for it with disgrace if the Patient should dye upon letting bloud while he was in a Fit ¶ It is the part of an experienced Doctor saith Paul Barbette in his Praxis to distinguish a-right about letting-bloud in a Fit ¶ I and other Physicians with me have observed that taking away a little bloud in the fit has sometimes done good namely to get motion in the Bloud which is as it were coagulated â—y an austere Acid otherwise Bloud-letting both in the Fit and out of it does in a manner always so much harm that the fits grow more violent every day after Bleeding saith Deckers in his Notes upon the place II. In the year 1675. a Noble Boy of Berne was upon a Fright taken with a cruel Epilepsie his face was red and swollen and when his Fit had held him already three hours by my advice and Dr. Cramer's the Cephalick Vein in his left Arm was opened whence the Bloud sprang with such violence that one might have taken it all away in the twentieth part of an hour The Fit was then presently over and the next day he was well without any Relapse A red hod Iron had been applied to him a little before ¶ Hippocrates 2. Epidem sect 5. bids us open the inner Veins if the Disease be very violent ¶ A Girl about twelve years old was frequently taken with an Epilepsie and when she was taken with a Pleurisie she was several times let bloud and from that time was never troubled with her Epilepsie Riverius cent 4. obs 38. Hence you may gather the efficacy of Bleeding in this Disease ¶ A Boy eight years old was taken with an Epilepsie from Plenitude and when all other Remedies had been tried in vain he was let bloud in the Arm several times once a month and recovered through the great alteration of his Body by this Remedy which nevertheless should scarce be allowed except in a Disease by consent with the venous kind Rhodius cent 1. obs 64. and exceeding hot Bloud III. Ben. Sylvaticus cured a middle aged Nobleman of an Epilepsie Idem obs 65. by opening the haemorrhoid Veins once a month IV. A young Man about twenty five years old was troubled with the Falling-sickness once a month I opened one of his temporal Arteries and when he had been free from it four months and there was hopes he would be well he brought it upon himself again by drinking strong Wine which was his custome ¶ A Man about forty three years old had frequent Fits a Wind running up from his Hand to his Brow upon the same side From whom I guessing it came from some halituons cause took three ounces of Bloud But the bandage being loosed much Bloud ran out after which fortuitous evacuation notwithstanding he was well a long time after so that he seemed cured ¶ Alphonsus N. a very melancholick person who from a child had been troubled with this Disease 9 10 15 20 or 30 days together in nature of a certain light vapour ascending gently from his Arm to the upper parts was very much relieved by Bleeding in the temporal Arteries Severinus V. P. Merenda writes that in a very violent one that comes often in a small interval and will not yield to Remedies he has by applying Blisters to their Neck and Shoulders brought several to the former use of their Reason in a short time and freed them of their Fits who afterwards by orderly cure were restored to perfect health But observe that they as also Issues and Setons should be used onely when the Disease is essential to the Brain and after Purging Jacotius except the Disease be very urgent VI. By a Seton according to the opinion of that most Learned Physician Hollerius I cured a young Man about twenty years old of the Falling-sickness who had frequent Fits of it before the ichorous matter as it may justly be believed which fed the Disease being by this means derived Paraeus l. 9. c. 24. ¶ An Epilepsie succeeded the Cure of a Ring-worm from a hot humour in a Gardiner Rhodius obs 62. cent 1. which by Spigelius his advice was cured by putting Hellebore root into a Seton in his
in the Lungs for those that were made purulent by a Catarrh falling on the Lungs when I observed it was odious not onely to the Patients but to the by-standers also and that it was distastefull to most by reason of its too much foetidness whether they used it by anointing outwardly or in Lozenges or Pills inwardly or any way else I have now for some years used Balsam of Peru in its stead to the advantage of my Patients I know Chymists do now correct it and take away the offensiveness of the smell by repeated distillation after washing it But I have found that after washing it is much weakned and does but little good wherefore I think we should rather use Balsam of Peru or the natural Balsam brought from Syria Heer obs 17. till we are taught how to distill an Oil of Amber without stink XXVII A Boy fell into an Epileptick fit once a day for fifteen days together The best Physicians thought it came from some disorder in his Head But the more Medicines they gave the worse the Disease grew so that in twenty four hours he had above one hundred and fifty fits yet they were small ones for he had onely a little commotion of his Head with a buble at his Lips Whereby notwithstanding they knew the Disease was not from any disorder in the head but by consent with the Stomach Trincavella l. 1. cons 25. Wherefore when they left off to trouble him with Physick and strengthened him the Child grew very well XXVIII I observed wonderfull shapes of Worms in an Epileptick Woman as she was athirst she drank greedily and frequently in her journey coming from Italy of any Water she met withall Her Epilepsie was very grievous with a swelling and an ill colour all her body over She was not relieved by Antepilepticks At length upon the repeated use of my Mercurial Pills she voided a great quantity of multiform Worms As soon as they were displaced her Epileptick-fits likewise ceased Bartholinus hist 7. cent 4. He also Cent. 6. Hist 20. produces the example of a young Man often troubled with Convulsions whose cure succeeded much better after his voiding of Ascarides XXIX A Youth about fifteen years old had a pain in his Pubes afterwards as his pain shifted to the left-side his Spleen grew presently ill and from Sympathy with it the Brain for he fell into most violent Fits of the Falling-sickness which came upon him onely by pressing the region of the Spleen with ones finger Among several Remedies nothing was better than Chalybeate-wine or black Hellebore Tulpius observ l. 1. c. 9. upon taking of which he voided so much black Choler that at last he came to himself XXX An Epileptick Maid was cured by the use of Vinegar and Water she took a glass of it every day in the morning and before the time of her Fit pure Vinegar When this disease was cured Riverius Cent. 4. Obs 1. she was troubled with a pain in her Limbs which also was cured by the use of the Bath XXXI I have known some young Men who might easily have been cured of this disease but because they would not abstain from Wine they became incurable All Men know that the Epilepsie affects the Nerves especially And because Wine turns sowre in all who have an infirm Stomach and a weak Brain and Vinegar is an open enemy to the Nerves hence Epileptick persons may easily gather how much they ought to avoid Wine and Venus Besides according to Aristotle and Averroes the Epilepsie is caused like sleep that is by a vapour Heer Obs 24. wherefore all vaporous things especially strong Wines should be avoided XXXII It is disputed by many Whether Apium be hurtfull for Epileptick persons That by Apium Parsly must be understood no Man will question who reads a passage in Pliny l. 20. c. 11. and Galen 2. de alim facult for this is the true garden or domestick Apium of the Ancients and ours is the Paludapium or Apium Palustre Pliny in the cited place says That if a Lying-in-woman eat Parsly the Child that sucks her will have the Falling-sickness Avicenna rejects Parsly especially from among Meats because by an innate property it causes the Falling-sickness And others following their steps forbid it Jacchinus is of another judgment opposing Galen and in a Counsel for an Epileptick Child allows of Parsly But an opinion that is held by so many learned Men must not be esteemed a figment it being without doubt founded on Experience which must be consulted They to whom it did no hurt were either not inclined to an Epilepsie or they used it onely as a Sauce and not as Meat So Galen in his advice allows one to taste it at least as he does Alexanders also by which notwithstanding the head is filled as he writes But the Ancients that are quoted speak of it taken as Meat Sennertus XXXIII In the cure of this Disease we are forced to leave the common method For the prescriptions of the Dogmatists in which they usually endeavour to carry off and totally eradicate the morbifick cause onely by Purges doe little or no good in the Falling-sickness yea they use often to doe harm I have known some eminent Practitioners who totally omitting the train of therapeutick intentions have betaken themselves to certain Empirical Medicines without any provision for the whole This sort of Practice though sometimes it succeeded well yet it would much more certainly have attained the proposed cure if by other Medicines also when the body had been rightly prepared all impediments had been removed Wherefore the Indications about the cure of the Falling-sickness will be either Curatory which respect the fit or Prophylactick which respect the cause of the disease As to the first general Evacuaters are scarce of use But the thing of most importance is to fix the animal Spirits that are too fierce and volatile and to suppress their explosions already begun To which ends two sorts of Remedies especially conduce that is 1. Things that give a check to the animal spirits when they are apt to be unruly and disorderly and that repell them as it were with a smell ingratefull to them and bring them into order which thing Medicines endued with a Volatile and Ammoniack Salt or with a Vitriolick Sulphur effect Such as are Salt and Oil of Amber Spirit of Bloud Hartshorn Soot Tincture of Castor c. for these taken inwards or applied to the nostrils often give relief and are thought to drive away the evil Spirits of this disease just as the fume of a Fishes-gall burnt drave away the Devil in Tobias 2. The Animal Spirits are either diverted or hindred from making their explosions when they are enticed and kept employed in some work familiar to them Wherefore when a fit is violent rubbing all the body over and continued often does good But the most of a Physician 's care lies in preservation that the cause
Make a Powder The dose is 1 drachm with a due quantity of Water of Hartshorn Flowers of the Linden-tree and Lily-Conval ¶ An Amulet for the Epilepsie There is a branch of Elder that grows on an old Willow pieces whereof hung about the Neck have very happy success in either abating or quire curing an Epilepsie They must be gathered in the Months of September and October before the Full-Moon ¶ One of the second sprigs of a Willow cut into small pieces and nine of them tied in a Linen or Silken-rag hung about the neck to the Mouth of the Stomach either before or after a Fit and worn so long till it breaks or falls off of it self is an Amulet The rag when it is fallen must not be touched with ones hands but taken in a pair of Tongs Tâ—om Bartholinus and buried in some remote place lest it should be touched by the sick or any other and so infect them with the Falling-sickness 7. A Medicine diminishing the Epilepsie I have observed that by taking 1 drachm of the Powder of Soapwort-seed once a Month for three New-Moons the Fits have abated much either in number or violence ¶ I have known many perfectly cured by eating a Wolf's Liver ¶ A drachm of Peacock's-dung in Powder drunk in Wine when the Moon is New is a most excellent remedy Pet. Borellus if it be taken once a month for some months together 8. I have known these two Powders very effectual Take of prepared Coriander 2 drachms Seeds of Poeony Purslane each 1 ounce Hoof of an Ass burnt half an ounce Mix them make Powder The dose 2 drachms in 2 ounces of Rue-water Take of Man's bloud taken away by Cupping of Man's Skull each 2 drachms prepared Pearl Galangale Zedoary each 1 drachm Mastick red Amber red Coral Dittany each 1 drachm and an half flesh of a Kite fat Raisins each half an ounce Mix them make a Powder Add 2 ounces of Sugar The dose is 1 drachm in Poeony-water every morning ¶ Some account this a Secret Take juice of Carduus Benedictus purified and boiled up thick 4 ounces juice of Yarrow purified 3 ounces Sugar 4 ounces Mix them boil them into the form of an Electuary The dose 1 spoonfull 9. The Skin of a Wolf taken off that part which sticks to the Spine must be cut into the form of a Girdle about 2 inches broad it must be girt about the Belly and the Loins and worn always that the inside of the Skin may touch the Flesh the hairy side being put outwards ¶ As soon as a Mare 's Foal is foaled it vomits up some matter which unless one take up hastily the Mare immediately devours it This matter dried and Powdered cures the Falling-Sickness by certain experience it seems a wonderfull thing Oil of Vitriol rightly prepared and 5 drops of it taken with Broth in the morning for several days has cured many of this disease ¶ I approve of nothing better Joh. Crato than Peacock's dung given in distilled-distilled-water of Carduus or Yarrow than which I have found nothing more effectual 10. Cinnabar of Antimony in equal weight with Magistery of Corals is a Specifick even in inveterate Epilepsies Claud. Deodatus it takes away the disease onely by Sweat at repeated turns and necessary evacuations premised The dose is from 10 to 16 grains in some proper liquour 11. Oil of Box is admirable Rod. à Fonseca for it is Narcotick and Narcoticks by stupefying the Sense use to hinder the Fit 12. In a Fit of the Falling-Sickness I give order to rub Rue between ones hands and to hold it to the Nose or to put a little of it up the Nostrils for by this means I have brought innumerable out of their Fits Forestus ¶ Let the following Amulet be hung on childrens necks Take of green Poeony-root half an ounce of Male Poeony-seeds namely the black 1 drachm and an half when the Root is cut and the Seed bruised put them in a bag and hang them on By this Suspensory I have seen the Fits cease to a wonder and have often experienced the great and excellent virtue of it 13. Dissolve the scrapings of the Whitest Amber in Spirit of Wine that it may be tinged filtrate it Phil. Grulingius and evaporate it to half It is a great Secret in the Falling-sickness It may be given to 15 grains in some appropriate Water 14. This is admirable Take Ears of Barley when they begin to grow ripe burn them to Powder Franc. Hildesheim of which give a little to an Epileptick person every morning in Poeony-water and he will presently be cured 15. A certain illustrious Lady testifies that upon the most sure experiment of a certain Widow the Falling-sickness is cured by a Powder made of Quails-Eggs The Eggs are dried a little Wolf Hâ—eÌ„ferus so as they may be powdered Half a drachm of it to 2 Scruples is given for a dose 16. The Fat of a Rabbet killed by a violent death melted and 4 or 5 drops of it given in Water of Magpies or Swallows certainly gives help ¶ This also is accounted a singular secret The Gall of a black Whelp that sucks they take for a Boy a Dog-whelp for a Girl a Bitch and is strangled Frid. Hofmannus given in some convenient liquour By benefit of this a Son of the Duke of Buckingham's was cured This is much in use in England 17. The famous Spiritus Vitrioli Antepilepticus Hartmanni Take of the finest Hungarian Vitriol 4 pounds add thereto of Urine of healthy Boys new made 8 pounds Digest them for some time in a close Vessel in Balneo Mariae Afterwards in the same distill a two-fold Phlegm the first of which is an excellent Paregorick for Gout-Pains and others to asswage them the other is an excellent Ophthalmick good for all diseases in the Eyes Put the Caput mortuum powdered into a strong earthen Retort in an open fire yet at first but very gentle and drive it over into a large Receiver while the Spirits come over thick there flows out a most pretious Liquour of a Sulphureous smell and something austere tast which being rectified once and again by retort and kept in a Glass well stopt perfectly cures all Fits in Children A Scruple of this may be mixt with Water of Poeony and Linden-tree-flowers of each 1 ounce and kept for use Give half a spoonfull of this said mixture in the Fit the contracted and convulse parts being first reduced and a little after their senses being recollected they will come to themselves which as soon as you observe give them a little more and so a third time But if the Fit should come again as it often does repeat the same process thrice and never fear but at the second time this disease so familiar to Children and Infants may be utterly and radically taken away especially if some comforters of the brain be used afterwards
washt Ceruss Infrigidans Galeni each half an ounce oil of Roses complete 1 ounce Let them all be mixt in a mortar till it be made an Unguent Hartman Water-Cresses is a singular thing in an Erysipelas XV. It is usual with some men to quench St. Anthony's fire with Frog spawn-water but often with ill success for it is too cold because it has in it a Mercury joined with a certain saturnine property Therefore indeed it is repelling but a manifest cause of a Gangrene and other grievous symptomes And it is best to mix with a decoction of Myrrh and Olibanum in Wine and Vinegar Idem Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. This is a most certain remedy Let a linen cloth be dipt in a Virgin 's Menstruum dry it and when there is occasion cut a piece of it off and steep it in Vinegar of Roses to draw out the Tincture apply it warm and repeat it several times It presently draws out the hear ¶ I have experienced this in several Take of Rob of Elder 1 ounce Saccharum Saturni 1 drachm mix them well spread it on a cloth and apply it in a few hours it draws out the heat ¶ For an Erysipelas in the head Cinnabar of Antimony is very good and nothing surer it cures immediately The dose is 15 or 16 grains in some proper liquour Joh. Agricola Let it be given twice or thrice it is an excellent Diaphoretick 2. Butter of Saturn is sufficient to cure an Erysipelas if it be applied cold outwardly And it is thus made Take some distilled Vinegar in which let a piece of Litharge or red Lead boil 2 hours stirring it with a stick After the Vinegar is settled and clear take a little of it and shake it together with Oil of Violets till it turn into the consistency of a very wâ—ite buâ—ter add often a little of the said Vinegar impregnated with the Salt of the Litharge or red Lead Pet. Joh. Faber and some Oil of Violets always shaking it till you have a sufficient quantity Keep it for use 3. Take as much scabious water as you please dissolve a little Venice Soap in it boil it a little Dip a linen cloth in it strain it out and dry it gently upon a furnace Pâ—il Grulingius when it is dry apply it and repeat it several times 4. Some chymical Sudorificks are good for an Erysipelas Some lixivial Scaps must be applied to the part affected which imbibe the acidity such as are linen cloths often wet in a lie of Beech ashes shaken together with the white of an Egg and Camphire Frid. Hofmaâ—â—us and dried in the shade 5. Wrap a Nutmeg in a wet Linen or in Hemp rost it in hot ashes mix likewise with it as much Columbine Seed wrapt in a wet cloth and rosted in the like manner Make a powder Drink it in small Wine or Scabious water whereby the moveable turgent humour in the veins is more easily expelled Gr. Hoâ—stius 6. There is almost nothing better for an Erysipelas than that the Patient immediately take a few drops of Oil of Amber in some Elder-flower water Conrad Kunrad and sweat It preserves a man also from this evil if he use this Medicine once every month 7. There is scarce a more present Remedy than Pap made of the bulb Pet. Laurembergius leaves and flowers of the Daffodil for driving away the inveterate pains of an Erysipelas 8. I infused some fresh Elder flowers in Whey and when I had boiled them a convenient time I strained it out and drank a draught of it morning and evening for 3 or 4 days Simon Pauli and from that time to this I have been free from an Erysipelas 9. Linen cloths dipt in ones own Urine strained out and when they are dry applied draw out the heat and cure the disease ¶ Cow's dung J. Dav. Rulandus or Pigeon's dung mixt with Oil and applied is good 10. Sheep's dung boiled in Vinegar and applied as a Cataplasm is good and when it itches ones own water applied kills it ¶ Spirit of Wine is in this case highly commended which does so discuss that if the hurt part be presently chafed with it it stops the swelling and inflammation and also mitigates the pain by its narcotick virtue Exanthemata or Spots Wheals or Pustules The Contents Sometimes we may purge and let bloud I. When purging is proper II. Coming without a Fever cured by the help of diet onely III. I. GAlen 2. in 6. Epid. 30. considering Simon 's history who had broad Pustules appear said that purging and bleeding were proper in this case Not indeed to evacuate the matter transmitted to the Skin but to take away the superfluity of humour residing in the venous kind before the matter transmitted to the Skin Sylvaticus is evacuated by topical Medicines II. It is no small difficulty to determine whether in Diseases wherein something breaks out in the Skin we may use a purging Medicine at the first breaking out and in the beginning of the motion or at any time else Some being affrighted with the plenty of bad humours in malignant Fevers do rashly run to purging when spots begin to appear For when they find that taking away bloud is not sufficient but that the accidents do yet increase and often because bloud enough is not let which would doe more good they fall on purging that they may be thought to oppose great Remedies to great Diseases thinking they may avoid so urgent a danger little regarding the retrocess of the deadly matter to the bowels and expecting greater benefit from purging that is when the load of humours is taken away which will not tarry for coction These men are seduced by Galen's judgment who denied not that in the cure of Simon 's Pustules we might use a Purge That the truth may appear we must know there is a threefold difference of Efflorescences in the skin For some are caused while Nature by the malice of the humours is much irritated and before the time which being compelled and taking care that the humours fall not on some principal part changing her accustomed order and before coction drives the deadly humour from her self Of this rank are the Small-pox Measles Erysipelas and Spots in malignant Fevers Again some are indeed made by Nature driving them out but then the matter is more kindly and such as causes not a Fever inwardly of which nature are pocky Pustules and the scabby Eminences of Simon and all others which break out at the Skin while the faculty of the Veins unburthens it self There are others also that bud out at the skin from some fault in the flesh or the third Region through the depraved nourishment as in the Leprosie several sorts of Scab and Itch. From which difference it follows that what is driven to the Skin is either caused by the pernicious condition of the humour
scarce be laid by drinking a great quantity of cold water at one draught Therefore in continent Fevers it is to be feared lest a Diet of these very cooling Herbs cause either Death or an ill crisis by indisposing both the body and humours of the sick for Bleeding at the Nose and Sweating Idem c. â— XLI Avicenna says there are some who will allow Jujubes and Vetches with Vinegar and with Pomegranates and with Sumach when they have an intention to thicken the Bloud or when Nature is too soft And he subjoins And if any of these things be feared because of their binding lest namely it should make the Belly costive its Astriction may be broken with Prunes or some such thing and he may then be fed with Meat made of Gourds and Sorrel And a cold Sallet is good made of Sorrel Endive and Lettuce But it may be some one may object What advantage of any moment can follow the thickning of the Bloud in a continent Fever that for its sake he durst mix Sumach in Sallets in such a Fever Yet he seems to have allowed it for a twofold reason namely either for thickning or on account of a Symptome as when the Belly is looser than it should But for the thickning of the Bloud I think it by no means proper For it seems not the part of a prudent Physician in a Flux that comes either from the whole or from some one part unto another to tâ—icken the bilious Bloud with things that are very astringent lest perhaps we detain a superfluous humour when it is on motion in some part of greater moment or lest we fix that firmer which is in the part affected already Now in a continent Fever the boiling Bloud swells high like Water boiling in a Pot you may abate the heat of this and not take away the fire if you slacken the fiery quality from the water and this you may doe either by pouring in cold water or by uncovering the Pot that it may be cooled by the Air. So also in a continent Fever we may either abate the hot humour by drinking cold Water or we must endeavour that the boiling fumes may freely transpire through the pores of the body and this is the surer way to health for a remission of the Fever may be caused by the transpiration of the fermenting humours which may be done two ways either when the pores of the whole are opened or the humours are equally diminished as Galen in m. m. teaches But Astringents among which Sumach is a very violent one they are so far from making perspiration free that they hinder it by stopping the body for of the three causes that hinder transpiration stopping of the body is one Therefore from these things it is manifest that Sumach and other Astringents are too much enemies to continual Fevers because they hinder transpiration which is a cause of the remission of Fevers We may use such as are moderate upon the account of a Symptome XLII Some give Pullets Livers rosted after Broth to them that are sick of a continual Fever which I do not at all approve For Meat stays a long time in the Stomachs of sick people which is no small occasion why it is corrupted Besides a rosted Liver must be reckoned among drying Meats wherefore it is not proper for one in a Fever an argument whereof is Thirst Ibid. which it causes Febris intermittens in genere or An Ague in general The Contents The times of the Fits must be distinguished I. Vernal differ from Autumnal ones in their nature and their cure II. The nature of Vernal Agues III. Their manner of Cure IV. Autumnal ones are stubborn V. Indications for Cure VI. In tender Age the cure of Autumnal Agues must be committed to Nature VII The way of curing them in elder years VIII When is the time for Vomits IX When the Ague is over although Purging be necessary we must not doe it hastily X. Vomiting Purging and Bleeding in what manner they doe good XI Whether we may stop the Fit XII Sylvius his method of Cure XIII Whether Bloud-letting be always necessary in them XIV The necessity of moving Sweat XV. In the Cure we must look rather upon the obstructing Phlegm and the fault of the Pancreatick Juice than upon the diversity of Humours XVI The Empirical Cure by Febrifuges and the Jesuites Bark XVII XVIII The Cure by Specifick Purgatives XIX The Febrile Effervescence is stopt divers ways XX. Willis his Indications for Cure XXI Whether one may bleed in the cold Fit XXII A Purge given before the Fit comes hastens the Cure of the Ague XXIII Whether an Indication for Bleeding and Purging can be rightly taken from the Vrine XXIV At what time we may breath a Vein XXV Antimonial and Mercurial Medicines doe a great deal of good XXVI We must purge exactly in Autumnal Agues XXVII Some cured by giving Wine and Salt XXVIII By Laudanum Opiatum in the beginning of a Fit XXIX I. THAT we may make at least some conjecture about the Nature and Disposition of Agues we must take notice that these three things ought to be considered in a Fit 1. The time of Shaking 2. Of Ebullition 3. Of Despumation As to Shaking I think it arises hence because the febrile matter which being not as yet turgent was after a sort assimilated by the mass of bloud is now at length not onely useless but become an enemy to Nature does in a manner exagitate and provoke it whence it comes to pass that being irritated by a certain natural sense and as it were endeavouring flight it raises a Shivering and Shaking in the body a true Witness of its Aversation Just as purging Potions taken by squeamish Persons or Poisons swallowed unawares use presently to cause a Shivering and other Symptomes of that nature Nature therefore being irritated in this manner that I may come to the time of Ebullition that she may the more easily keep this enemy from her Throat falls upon Fermentation namely an usual Engine which it is accustomed to make use of in Fevers and some other acute Diseases when it endeavours to free the mass of bloud from inbred enemies for the disjoined parts of this peccant matter which were equally mixt with the bloud do by the benefit of this Effervescency begin in some sort to be gathered together and so may the more easily be wrought upon so as to become fit for Despumation By the name of Despumation I would have nothing else understood than the Expulsion or Separation of the febrile matter now brought under and as it were conquered And what is separated has the nature partly as we may observe in other Liquours of Yeast and partly of Lees. But the Fit returns because the febrile matter is not as yet all gone but as young Bees grow up insensibly at set times so this latent matter according to the nature of the Fits Sydenham Tract de Febribus p. 69.
they had been perfectly cured XXVIII A certain Carman cured several that had been long sick of Agues or otherwise indisposed by giving them a draught of Wine wherein he had first dissolved an handfull of Salt They that drank it purged upwards and downwards with great violence Some that had been troubled with a tedious Head-ach and bastard Tertians after they had had them for a long time recovered by this means But several others to whom this Medicine was given unseasonably or that were very weak Erastus Quaest de Purgan were most grievously hurt by it yea and some died XXIX Since natural sleep is nought in the beginning of Ague fits whether may we say the same of it caused by art A certain friend affirms that many Agues have been removed by the help of Laudanum Opiatum after due preparation and purging with Tartarum Vitriolatum Extract of Hellebore Antimonium Diaphoreticum c. Which effect he judges does not want its reason For seeing saith he in all Agues that continue pertinaciously there is some putrefied infection which is left in the focus after every fit and which ferments upon the coming of a new fit with fluxion either through the Veins or through the whole it so falls out that if the Alexipyretick Laudanum be given 2 or 3 hours before the coming of the fit all the heat will be then mitigated the fermentation of the humours stopt and fluxions into all parts restrained and so the Ague with the spreading of it wholly intercepted Perhaps that passage found in Petronius may be to this purpose where Quartilla says Truly I was so tormented that night Gr. Horsitus prâ—bl decad 1. Quaes 6. and shaked with cold so dangerously that I feared a fit of a Tertian and therefore I sought a Medicine for sleep ¶ If the Disease retire not upon purging I should certainly give Philonium before the fit This will not onely be convenient to drive away a bastard Tertian Abr. Scyller apud Scholtzium Ep. 3. but also to assuage pain ¶ That Hippocrates used Narcoticks in a Quartan to check the motion of the humours and hinder the dispersing of them which is the proximate cause of an Ague is evident from lib. 2. de morb Sect. 2. vers 206. Of Henbane seed the quantity of a Millet-seed and as much of Mandrake and of juice of Silphium the quantity of 3 Beans in Wine c. ¶ Platerus gave Syrup of Poppy to one in an Ague before the fit Obser l. 2. p. 173. Febrium Symptomata or Symptomes of Fevers The Contents In a febrile heat we must cool cautiously with Externals I. Whether we may let Bloud or Purge in a Loosness II. Whether a Pestilential one may be stopt III. One arising in the beginning of a Disease must be stopt IV. The stopping of a cholerick one when it comes upon an Ague V. By what contrivance it may be checkt VI. One in an Acute Fever repressed onely with Diet. VII When astringent Meat and Drink is proper VIII There must be one cure if the retentive faculty be weak and another if the expulsive be irritated IX How we must help a lost Appetite X. Whether Olives and salt Fish be always proper to recover it XI How the Anguish may be kept off in an exquisite Tertian XII When and how the Head-ach may be cured XIII Cured in an Hemitritaeus by opening the Saphaena Vein XIV Whether Bleeding be proper for the Heart-burn XV. The quieting of divers pains and restlessness XVI How the cold fit in an Ague may be mitigated XVII How Bleeding may be stopt XVIII The cure of a succeeding Dropsie XIX In Blackness of the Tongue the use of Nitre is good XX. Whether opening the veins under the Tongue be good for it XXI In driness of it and of the whole we must not use abstersive drink XXII When such driness is present there is no room for Meat and Broth. XXIII How driness from Bile may be amended XXIV The cure of a bastard Consumption that follows some Fevers XXV When Narcoticks may be given for a Phrensie in a Fever XXVI We must purge before we give a Narcotick XXVII The mitigation of the cold fit XXVIII XXIX The cure of the Hickup XXX It has a peculiar cause in Fevers XXXI To endure Thirst is hurtfull XXXII It must be quenched onely one way but according to the diversity of the focus XXXIII Sugared things increase it but do not quench it XXXIV We must take care of it in an Ague fit XXXV Variety of drinks out of Hippocrates XXXVI When we must use common water and when distilled XXXVII Sleep caused by Art is not so bad as that which is natural XXXVIII It is not convenient in the beginning of a fit in a Tertian XXXIX Some Sweats must be suppressed others let alone and others promoted XL. The cure of them when they arise from the fault of the mass of bloud in the declension of a Fever XLI The cure of dysenterick stools depends upon the cure of the Fever XLII The mitigation of a cough XLIII The cure must be taken of the Stomach XLIV The cure of all the troublesome Symptomes that are about it XLV We must help watching with safe Remedies XLVI XLVII Laudanum is good for it and many other Symptomes XLVIII The stopping of a Vomit in malignant Fevers XLIX Stopt in a fit of a Tertian by Pills of Aloes L. When greater regard must be had to the Symptomes than to the Disease LI. Cautions in the use of Medicines may be taken from the Pulse LII I. A Noble-man being taken with a most violent Burning fever asked an old Woman that was by to bring him a Pail full of cold water which being done he dipt his hands into the water and when he found that the raging of the heat was allayed and extinguished by it he held them in longer at length when he drew them out a livid Blackness had disfigured both of them with privation of sense Earnest endeavours were used to recall the native heat but all to no purpose Horstius l. 9. obs 23. for for the pleasure of his refreshment he lost both his Life and Fingers ¶ A Woman not being able to quench the heat of a Burning fever by drinking washed her mouth with cold water so lavishly and frequently that no warning was sufficient to deter her from this most gratefull Cooling But the veins and arteries of her Palate and Throat being straitned by this adventitious Cold and the vapours inspissated and so the Spirits that endeavoured to go to the Brain being suppressed Tulpius l. 4. 4. obs 20. her Understanding not onely failed her but with contracted Nerves also she fell at length into inevitable Death II. Some hold that we must never let bloud or purge in a Fever or Loosness though the vacuation be not proportionable to the abundance Others say that there is room for either Remedy if Nature move not perfectly Each Sect errs departing from
and fitter for cooling fly away with the Sulphur into the Air and if this conflagration last long nothing else at length will remain but a bitter fixt and porous Salt endued with a heating and drying quality a thing which it will not be difficult for them to divine who have learned to get out the Spirit of this Chymical Cerberus by injection of Particles of Sulphur Therefore all the skill lies in purging of this Salt and in the right way of giving of it Take therefore a sufficient quantity of the purest Salt-Petre melt it in a crucible in a moderate fire Afterwards cast it into a good quantity of common Barber's Ly but however let it be hot otherwise it would flie in your face let it dissolve in it filtre and evaporate it half away then set it in a cold place and most pure Crystals will be gathered at the bottom which in goodness and fineness far excell the second and third that will follow separate them and then dissolve them in Rose-water On the other hand also dissolve as much Sugar in some Cordial-water or in the same mix these Solutions and boil them according to Art that the Crystals may be gathered in a Cellar the use of which will be about half a drachm or 2 scruples in Ptisan or Pectoral Decoction for so they escape the sense of the Palate Otherwise if you give Mineral Crystal in distilled-waters you will find an Urinous and biting Taste G. Horstius in Proâ— which will create trouble to the Stomach XXI I never advised any one to Bleed under the Tongue though Barber-Chirurgeons sometimes perswade to it And what this can doe especially when there is no Quinsey but onely the Tongue rough and black through heat in the Bowels I do not see Sennerâ—es Ep. 2â— câ—m 1. Let the heat in the Bowels be taken away this Symptome will easily cease ¶ Yet Franc. de le Boë Sylvius admits it Prax. l. 1. c. 30. A Fever saith he accompanied with a purple-black colour and a dry heat in the Tongue and Jaws will be cured if besides universals convenient for such a high Burning fever those things in particular be used which have been observed to doe good to this heat driness and ill colour of the parts of the mouth among which Gargarisms are especially commended of a decoction of Self-heal which had its name Prunella as they say from curing this disease which is called by the same name Opening the Veins under the Tongue is good also and especially when they are observed to swell and yield some sign of a Quinzy at hand or there already for it is no new thing for a Quinzy to be joined with this Symptome XXII Cold water is a thing which conquers thirst most of all others In the second place is Barley-water In the third is Syrup of Violets diluted with store of Water Our Moderns often use Water and Sugar But we ought diligently to consider that we may not use it nor any Abstersive in an exceeding driness of the Tongue or of the whole Body for such things make the Body drier as experience hath formerly taught me In England I visited a Spanish Boy of a thin and exceeding squalid habit of Body His Tongue was beyond measure rough and dry so that he could scarce speak and he had an insatiable thirst I thought good to give this Boy cold water and I put some Sugar in it to correct the grossness of the water And when his thirst was not abated by drinking cold water I attributing it to the fault of the water gave him distilled Bugloss-water because there could be nothing gross in it with Sugar and when upon plentifull and frequent drinking of it he still grew drier at length I understood that in an exceeding driness things which have an abstersive faculty are not proper because they render the body and humours drier For to make use of abstersives onely is just as if you should laboriously rub foul Linen with Soap without Water to get the dirt out for the more Soap you use the less good you will doe and you will onely rub the filth more in for you should first steep your Linen in Water that the filth which you would get out may be moistned So Women first suffer their Linen to be steept long in Water use shewing them the way When therefore Mens bodies are very much parched Abstergents must be avoided for then the humours are not to be cleansed but rather to be moistned yet when you have made them moist enough you may securely use Abstersives as Hippocrates lib. 1. de vict Acut. instructs us The quantity of Broth to be given must be observed in this manner to wit if the Disease be drier than one would think we must not give much but give Water and Honey or Wine before the Broth as shall be most convenient Galen in his Exposition recounting the signs by which we may know a dry Disease writes thus And truely Brudus de vict Febr. c. 28. saith he to void none of the Superfluities is a sign of a dry Disease Therefore Hippocrates does not without reason order some moistning thing to be taken before Ptisan XXIII And not onely Abstergents must be avoided in such a Disposition but also all manner of Meat and Broth. For we must use onely moistning drink for them whose Tongue and whole Body are beyond measure dry Because if you should give them Broth part of the Broth which is of a thicker substance sticking to the coats of the Stomach because of their exceeding driness would be rather burnt by the febrile heat than concocted just as Meat sticking to the pot is burnt when it wants moisture And this was Hippocrates his mind in the place before quoted where he orders Patients to drink Honey and Water or Wine before their Broth when the Disease is beyond measure dry Meaning that in such a Disease the Sick must be first nourished with moistning Drink till the driness be over and then they may proceed to Broths Idem XXIV But I know this for certain that the driness which comes upon the Tongue and the whole Body from the quality of Burning Choler is much stronger than that which proceeds onely from the thickness of the humours Wherefore it was well remembred above Paragraph XXII that Water and Sugar must be avoided and all Abstersives and that moistning Drink must onely be used Idem XXV It happens sometimes especially in old Men when the Fever is cured and the Body has been sufficiently purged that the Patient notwithstanding is very weak and expectorates great store of glutinous and viscous Phlegm sometimes by coughing and sometimes by hawking Which Symptome not onely strikes terrour into the Patient but has imposed on the Physician also especially the less wary and made him believe as if this affection were the fore-runner of a Consumption although I have observed the thing is not so dangerous In this also I
order the Patient to drink old Malaga Canary or Muscadel Wine with a Toste which strengthens the Crâ—sis of the bloud much weakned with the foregoing aestuation and therefore unable to assimilate the Juice of what is lately taken and it drives away this Symptome in a very few days time as I have found by frequent experience Sydenham XXVI If the Patient either by taking hot Medicines either unsuccessfully or unseasonably or being of too hot a Constitution by nature fall into a Phrensie we must look back to the Disease and Symptome which may be done by giving some Narcotick in a larger Dose For although when the Fever is strong things that have a narcotick faculty be not altogether so proper and do not obtain the end the Physician drives at yet given seasonably and in the declension of the Disease they yield excellent Effects but before they can doe no good partly because they cannot stop the fermentation running on with violence and impetuosity though given in never so great a Dose and partly because by using this Medicine a stay is given to the peccant matter at that time equably mixt with the mass of bloud and not as then inclining towards separation and then Depuration so much desired is hindred And therefore I declare it as a thing most certain that Laudanum or any other Narcoticks given to ease this Symptome either in the beginning increase or state of the Disease either doe no good at all or as it often falls out doe much harm but if they be given but in a moderate Dose in the declination of the same Disease they have good success Once indeed I gave a Narcotick on the twelfth day of the Disease and not in vain but sooner I never knew it given with success But if you defer the giving it till the fourteenth day it will doe the more good because separation is then perfectly made Nor does this delay although perhaps this Symptome may terrifie the By-standers cause sudden Death for I have often observed that this thing may and usually does give truce till it may be seasonable to proceed to Narcoticks at least if care be taken that the Intemperature begun be not farther inflamed by giving Cordials and hot Medicines in which case the Patients suddenly dye Sydenham XXVII Here I would add this if this Symptome would give so long truce as that a Man might conveniently be purged before he take the Narcotick this Medicine would yield so much the better effect Wherefore I use to prescribe 2 scruples of Pilul Cochiar maj dissolved in Betony-water about ten or twelve hours before I give the Narcotick Nor need we fear the tumult which this hot mass of Pills usually raises for the virtue of the following Narcotick will make amends for that disturbance Idem and will cause most sweet and kindly Rest XXVIII As D. D. Ol. Borrichius did plainly remove an exquisite Tertian with Bottles full of hot water placed round about the Body which caused Sweat So in the year 1674. I cured the Wife of N. of the same Symptome when she was taken in the first month of her being with Child with an unusual Shivering and Cold all over her Body and was much weakned thereby Simon Schuâ—lzius in m. eian 1676. obs 140. by putting a bottle full of hot water under the soles of her feet she sweating plentifully after it XXIX Some set them that are afflicted with a violent cold fit at the beginning in a Bath in which also hot Herbs have been boiled But lest some errour should be committed in it or that the hot fit should grow stronger certainly it were most convenient to foment the Stomach and Heart with a warm Decoction of hot Herbs as Mint Wormwood Rue Wild-marjoram Chamaemil and Dill with Anise and Fenil seeds The beginning of the Fever being made hot the Shaking is often discussed and the state of the Praecordia is much better Fernelius XXX I have often observed that the Hickup arises from the disturbance and tumult raised by churlish Medicines in the Stomach and parts adjoining For the stopping and reducing of which to their ancient peace when the strength of Nature is not sufficient there is great danger imminent Therefore we must so direct our Cure that what Nature of her self could not accomplish Art may And by giving a large dose of Diascordium that is 2. drachms with Dill-seed and other Specificks I never failed of my intention Sydenham XXXI An Hickup in Fevers sometimes follows the intemperate use of cooling Juleps as I have seen several in this condition through the unadvised rashness of Physicians And I took away this Symptome contrary to the opinion of them all Lemnius by drinking of Wine XXXII Langius l. 1. Epist 20. Our Country Physicians deserve to be chid who macerate People sick of Fevers with unseasonable thirst for they destroy not a few with vain enduring of thirst ¶ Some observe the same rule in all feverish persons namely they industriously abstain from drinking of cold water for which reason in the year 1649. an infinite number almost of sick persons was destroyed When notwithstanding the Fevers were continual with a mixture of divers humours and especially of Choler yet not alone When Men were tormented with the greatest thirst they died parched up When the dead bodies were dissected the Stomach Heart Lungs and other inward parts appeared as it were burnt Panarolus Pentec 4. obs 8. wherefore we restored our miserable Patients to their health by cooling and moistning them XXXIII We must not omit that Thirst may sometime proceed from the Stomach sometimes from the Liver or the Lungs or Kidneys as Galen in lib. de loc affectib writes That which has its rise from the Lungs is quenched with Barley-water and Syrup of Violets from the Liver with cold distilled Waters from the Stomach with drinking cold Water from the Kidneys it is cooled with a Decoction of Liquorice Bruâ—us XXXIV Many People give their Patients who are well nigh dead with Thirst abundance of things preserved in Sugar as Conserves of the sowre of Citron Jujubes which though without Sugar they may perhaps quench thirst yet mixt with Sugar it is impossible they should take away thirst Women see and Children know that Sugar increases thirst It were better to take nothing at all because if the Tongue were not made foul with these sweet things it would for several hours time be troubled with less thirst Sanctorius ¶ Industriously abstain from Syrups and Conserves in all Fevers for Sugar easily turning into Choler fewel is given to the Fever Heer obs 22. XXXV In a fit of an Ague when the cold fit is over Patients should not be kept so much from Drink as they usually are seeing as Fernelius and Joubertus testifie if the Patient who is burnt up with heat and very thirsty suffer thirst for any time and so his Burning be not helped so
much the more easily a Colliquation of his body will follow while the Heat seizes and wasts the solid parts of the body And Sweat also which takes its matter from Drink is by this means hindred which might have been promoted by cold and plentifull drinking Platerus XXXVI There are four sorts of Drink of which Hippocrates treats lib. de vict Acut. Barley-water Water and Honey Wine Vinegar and Honey In a dry Disease he neither makes mention of Oxymel nor Barley-water not of the first because an over cutting thing is not proper for a dry Disease not of the latter because it being drink nourishes but little because of its thinness But he mentions Honey and Water and Wine as things that nourish and moisten And he leaves the choice of either to the Physician as if he apprehended that sometimes in a dry Disease one of them might doe hurt and the other might doe good for if a dry Disease come from a cholerick humour by reason of its furious quality Water and Honey must be avoided by all means and Wine must be given because it moistens and administers strength to Nature with an Abstersion or Incision But if a dry Disease come from an over thick humour that resists the concoctive faculty Water and Honey must be rather given than Wine as well to extenuate the grossness of the humour as to moisten the Body for Water and Honey moistens more than Vinegar and Honey Brudus XXXVII In Fevers which have their original from a hot Cause without a mixture of Phlegm especially in Summer time the use of common Water is to be chosen But it must not be concealed that wherever we desire concoction of a crude humour of a phlegmatick kind Drink of distilled Water does more harm than that of natural Water The former indeed if it be given cold cools on a double account actually and potentially Besides it pierces more into the inner parts of the body upon the account of its fiery quality Whence it is manifest that the innate heat suffers more from this sort of Waters than from what is natural Wherefore in a cold Cause and in those that labour under a Weakness of any of their inward parts I think distilled Waters should be avoided Idem XXXVIII Since natural Sleep in the beginning of an Ague fit is hurtfull it is queried Whether we must think the same of it caused by Art See Agues in general Paragr XXIX XXXIX Sleep in the beginning of a fit may seem proper to some because it is a refresher of Mens bodies and a renewer of strength for it is said to be the Authour of good digestion But at the very time of the fit more intense and stouter strength is required because at that time when the peccant matter is moved it must be attenuated dissolved and discussed that it being at last by this means consumed the end of the fit may the sooner follow But the Negative should rather be held for Men should be waking in the very fit because the bloud and spirits and therefore the innate heat in Sleep move inwards yet this motion is contrary to that whereby the natural virtue endeavours to discuss the matter in the fit and remove it outwards For the Heat concentrated in Sleep may make the inward effervescency of the Humours greater and so the Fever more violent Yet when the fit is ended Sleep is not dissallowed when afterwards it egregiously relieves the strength weakned by the battle betwixt the Disease and Nature Horstius XL. If a Physician be consulted whether it be expedient for a sick Man who begins to sweat to be covered with clothes and sweat quiet or on the contrary whether he should not hinder sweating by fanning and motion And considering the Sweat is hot and that it begins to run from the whole body and is yet doubtfull as it is of the beginning of the Disease and of the day and the Disease be not known let him bid the Patient keep himself quiet neither laying on more nor taking away any clothes and let him sweat a while When he is dubious he must visit the Patient again and observe whether he be very restless or whether he begin to breathe hard or whether the Pulse be a little languid If any such thing follow let him order him to be removed and sanned with a fan If none of these things appear and he say that he is rather relieved than oppressed let him proceed not onely one or two but several hours taking in the mean time if the business be protracted long some Broth for his refection If on the contrary he be not onely restless and his Pulse argue weakness but he faint also or look thin in the Face he must not onely prevent it by fanning but also anoint the body with some Astringent as with Oil of Myrtle strowing on Powder of Mirtle and Pomegranate-flowers c. And the signs of a spending and fainting Sweat are said and lastly for it to be cold and to gather in great drops about his Forehead and Neck for his Eyes to be hollow his Face and Nails livid When these things appear Fainting and Death is not afar off Vallesius XLI It frequently happened that they who were upon the recovery from Fevers they especially whom the Fever had macerated a long time and had not left them till after long and plenteous evacuation especially if they were of a weakly habit of body it happened I say that they assoon as they began to be warm in bed were presently all over in a Sweat whereby some were grievously weakned and recovered their strength but slowly and others were cast into a Consumption Because I thought this could arise from nothing else but the bloud being so far depauperated and weakned by the contumacy of the Disease that it could not assimilate with Juices which were newly brought to it it endeavoured to cast them off by Sweat I always persuaded them that were thus affected to take three or four spoonfulls of old Malaga-wine by the use of which their strength returned ever and their Sweats vanished Sydenham XLII In Autumn 1675. dysenterick stools came upon an epidemick Fever and sometimes a Diarrhaea I presently perceived they were symptomatick to this Fever and not as in some Constitutions original and primarily arising Which notwithstanding seeing the cause of the Disease was included in the mass of bloud it did indicate bloud-letting which indeed giving a Narcotick twice after it was sufficient to conquer this Symptome Idem XLIII It often happens that the Patient is vexed through the whole course of the Fever with a troublesome Cough that is the tumultuous mass of bloud being evidently moved and all things now looking towards a Sedition it so falls out that some loose and diffluent humours are carried out of the mass of bloud through the Vessels of the Lungs or by diapedesis into the inner membrane of the Windpipe which is
manner of Juleps Emulsions Ptisans and even simple Water assoon as they are taken This most grievous Symptome is immediately cured to a miracle by taking a drachm of the Salt of Wormwood in a spoonfull of fresh Juice of Lemon Riverius as I have learned by experience L. A certain Person was sick of a slight Tertian in the fit he was so troubled with vomiting that he swooned at the very thought of it I gave him above half a scruple of Pills of Aloes in a Dose two hours before his fit they did their office by gently purging him in the fit Rolfinccius so that he was well in a short time LI. It is manifest from Hippocrates 1. de rat vict who granted Water to one in a Pleurisie when he was very thirsty that when Symptoms arise to that height as to add to the Disease or waste Nature's strength the Indication for Diet should rather be taken from them Nevertheless we must doe our endeavour to give such things as may if possible be proper for the Disease or at least not inconvenient For Hippocrates in the place forequoted has this passage But when any Pain torments you must give Oxymel to drink in the Winter hot in Summer cold And if his thirst be very great he must use Honey and Wine and Water Reason tells us the very same thing that the Intention of Cure must not be changed for every violence of the Symptoms but for that which is considerable for since Symptoms are the effects of Diseases by taking away their cause they vanish but if they be considerable they give the stronger Indication for Cure And their greatness is to be defined when they are the cause of some preternatural disposition which either adds to the Disease or wastes the strength of Nature Which soever of these things happens to be the cause of the greatness of a Symptome the Symptoms may justly then supply the course of Diet and Indication for Cure As to a pleuritick Person who is a little thirsty you must give Oxymel or Melicrate which of them the Disease shall require But if he be troubled with violent thirst you shall not use such things as respect the Disease and its Cause but such as lay thirst for much thirst dries the spittle and makes the Disease difficult of coction and increases the heat of the Fever wherefore we must give Melicrate and Water taking the Indication from the Symptome for Water should not be given for the Disease sake by reason it is an enemy to the maturation of the Grief Thus therefore the greatness of Symptoms must be defined so as the method of Cure and indications of Diet may be taken from them But when such Symptoms arrive at the said greatness that is are instead of a Cause in reference to the Disease they are either as an urgent Cause or Sine qua non the Disease cannot be cured Wherefore the Indication is stronger which is taken from them than from the Disease as may be gathered from the doctrine of complicated Affections Brudus de Viâ—â—â— Febr. l. 3. c. 27. LII In giving of Medicines Cautions and Rules of no small moment are taken from the Pulse Purging and Vomiting are prohibited by an over quick and violent Pulse and also by a very low one for while the bloud is too effervescent evacuation is not very proper both because what is noxious is not voided and also because the strength is much weakned by the perturbation And when the Spirits are broken and the strength is low Physick casts it lower and sometimes rather destroys it Wherefore when a Physician designs evacuation upwards or downwards let him first feel the Pulse and let him attempt these motions onely when Nature is strong and sedate that she may be able to attend the operation of the Medicine and to support the Patient's strength Nor is there need of less circumspection for Diaphoreticks and Cordials which if they be used in the Fever fit they too much increase the violent motion of the Heart and very often break its strength Also when the Pulse is very languid if hot and strong Cordials be used Life may easily be extinguished as when a little flame is quite put out by a strong blast wherefore it is a vulgar observation that Cordials often hasten Death for that in putting the bloud into too great a motion they sooner waste its strength And yet there is need of the greatest Caution and direction of the Pulse in giving Narcoticks for they because they doe their work by extinguishing and fixing the vital Spirits when they are over active if they be used in a weak or faultering Pulse they either render the Spirits too weak for the Disease by diminishing them or they bring a perpetual Sleep by too much suffocating them Wherefore in a languid unequal or formicating Pulse Opiates should be avoided as you would avoid a Snake or a Toad Williâ— de Febr. c. 10. Febris Alba seu Amatoria The White or Love Fever See The Green-sickness Book III. It s Description and Cure HIppocrates in his Book de Virginum morbis calls this the Wandring Fever some have named it the White Jaundice For several Symptoms give intimation of a white and cold humour seeing first of all the menstrua being stopt in time of youth in a hot and moist constitution have caused a coldness in the whole body by suffocating the innate heat obstructions in the Mesentery and Womb concurring not a little thereunto and it may be in the hollow of the Liver which hindring the ventilation of the natural Heat increase the suffocation of it upon which many Symptoms testifie a cold Intemperature The primitive Cause of this Maiden Disease was the intense Meditation of this Virgin in which the innate Heat and Spirits being diverted from the Stomach Crudities were bred the original of Obstructions in the lacteal and mesenterick Veins whence arose a hypocondriack Indisposition and complaints of Illness at the Stomach and rumbling of the hypochondria Moreover the mass of bloud was infected which being made thick and not having free passage through the Veins of the Womb at set times but setling in them has gathered obstructions in the Womb also and made the monthly purgation less which being increased a perfect suppression of them followed For the bloud not having an efflux saith Hippocrates lib. de Virginum morbis through the quantity it rebounds to the Heart and Diaphragm and when these places are filled the Heart becomes foolish then from fatuity comes torpidness then after torpidness a delirium takes them as when a man has sate a long time the bloud being depressed out of the Hips and Thighs into the Legs and Feet causes a numbness and after the numbness the Feet are unable to walk till the bloud return to it self c. And it returns very quickly for it soon flows back because of the rectitude of the Veins and it is not a dangerous place of
there are other Putrid Fevers that are not humoral as such as proceed from some inward Ulcer yet they must all properly be called Symptomatick For the cure of them first of all the first ways must be cleansed Secondly Obstructions must be opened Thirdly The febrile heat must be moderately allayed Fourthly The venous kind and Head must be gently purged Fifthly The hot and moist intemperature of the Head must be qualified And lastly Fortis â— de Febribâ—â— the Distillation must by all means possible be diverted from the Wind-Pipe and Gullet Febris Colica vel Torminalis or The Colick or Gripe-Ague It s Description and Cure THere are now and then some Agues observed which may be called Colick or Gripe-agues from the most grievous Gripes of the Belly and racking Distensions of the same coming and going with the Ague fit They are caused by the Pancreatick juice made more sharp and austere by its stagnation and exerting its Acrimony sometimes upon the small sometimes upon the greater Guts likewise With which if viscid phlegm and bile but moderately sharp do concur wind is raised which together with the Guts distends the Abdomen and create a violent Colick pain companion to the Ague The following mixture will be good for these Agues Take of Water of Mint 2 ounces Vitae Matthiol Sylvius de le Boë Prax. Med. l. 1. c. 30. 1 ounce Or Take of Tincture of Cinnamon half an ounce Oil of Cloves 6 drops Syrup of Scurvygrass 1 ounce Take a Spoonfull now and then Febris Colliquans or A Colliquating Fever The Contents Whether Cold Water may be given for prevention in a Malignant one I. When it must be given II. The Diet. III. The Observation of Diet and drinking Cold Water better than Medicines IV. I. BEcause all things are reduced to Colliquation alone therefore we must insist on it not indeed by drinking Cold water which Aetius Paulus and Oribasius gave for a Colliquative fever but rather with binding and thickning remedies that are endued with a substyptick faculty such as Terra Sigillata vera to a scruple and so Bole Armenick Also ten or twelve grains of Emerauld Powder All of them must be given in Plantain-water and Juice of Quinces And upon urgent necessity we must proceed to Opiates by degrees Fortis de Febr. and first of all we must use Syrup of Popy then Laudanum and last of all new Treacle reformed with Pearl ¶ But in a burning Colliquative fever where there are two Pathognomick signs Burning Heat and unquenchable Thirst drinking of Cold water seems to have the chief place Idem and the reason is because it is a Remedy both for the Burning and Colliquating febrile Heat II. Galen reduced all the conditions requisite to the drinking of Cold water to three goodness of Strength signs of Coction and a most violent Burning fever which last condition serves for the Indicant Strength for the Permittent Coction for the Prohibent Nevertheless no manifest signs of Coction appearing we may presently give Cold water after Averrhoes his example who gave Cold water not waiting for Coction For said he the Patient may die dried up before Coction and we may say Colliquated and consumed It may be given therefore but not in such a quantity as to stifle the innate Heat that is not above five or six pounds at most And the day following instead of it distilled Waters of the Juice of cooling herbs may be given Idem III. Hippocrates 4 de rat vict teaches that the Diet should be cooling and moderately astringent and thicker a little than the Disease requires who treating of the Cure of Fevers with a Loosness wasting and consuming the Body taught that cooling and thick Broths should be given them and notwithstanding their delirium he orders them to drink a little more vinous and astringent drink Whence we gather that such a Diet must be given as may relieve the dissolution of the Body though it may seem to add to the Disease and its Symptoms And things that hinder the dissolution of the Body are threefold to wit things that respect the Body and the Humour and them both They belong to the first which afford much nourishment to the Body and are easie of digestion Things that are potentially cold to the second And whatever cooling Victuals partake of an Astringent virtue to the third Therefore in Colliquating fevers that is the best food which nourishes cools and binds moderately So Bread soaked in the Juice of sowre Pomegranate is proper Cold water is a most proper drink and Medicine as it respects both the Body and the Humour IV. Farthermore we must know that a right administration of Diet and drinking of cold Water is the best remedy and Medicines doe little good Wherefore we must be very carefull that the food be of good nourishment and easie digestion with which we must mix things that may cool and bind a little for things that are very binding are therefore improper because they keep the morbifick cause within the body seeing they obstruct all the ways for evacuation And the best food that I know is Barley-Ptisan made in the manner following Boil two well-fleshed Pullets with three handfulls of French-Barley and one of Purslain a little before you remove it from the fire put in one pugil of the Kernels of a sowre Pomegranate Brudus de vict Febr. l. 3. c. 21. let it boil till the Barley burst and when you have put a little Sugar to it let it be given to them whose strength is brought low Febris delira or The Doating Ague It s Nature and Cure AS Continual Fevers so Agues frequently occur which may be called Mad or Doating Agues the delirium appearing seldom indeed during the cold Fit but often when the hot Fit is on a Man Which that they should be attributed the Fever being sharp enough of it self to the Bile Sylvius de le Bâ—ë Prax. Med. l. 1. c. 30. made yet sharper upon its meeting with the pancreatick juice which causes a new Ague-fit other Symptoms commonly concomitant do evince Those things will cure which both powerfully and gently correct and temper the acrimony of the bile such as are especially Oily things Emulsions and Opiates within and without Febris Dysenterica or a Dysenterick Fever It s Description and Cure IN the beginning of Autumn in the year 1669 when the Bloudy-flux raged a certain Fever arose with it which was very like that Fever that usually attends Dysenterick persons which indeed seised not them onely who had had the Dysentery but those that had been wholly free from it For it had the same manifest or apparent Causes which a Dysentery has and the same Symptoms for all the World which accompanied the Fevers of Dysenterick persons So that if you do but except the Stools of people in a Bloudy-flux and the said Symptoms which necessarily depend on them the Fever seemed wholly of the same nature with
the Dysenteries themselves Therefore I called this a Dysenterick fever It sometimes began with Gripes but moderate ones or sometimes they came a little after it but often there were no Gripes at all For the cure of this Disease after I had observed that the Phaenomena of the Fever of most Dysenterick persons were the very same with them that accompanied the Solitary Fevers of this year it seemed consentaneous to me that my Patients might be cured if I did in some measure imitate that evacuation by which Nature uses to throw off that corrosive and sharp matter which is the continent cause of the Dysentery it self and of the Fever that attends it And therefore I encountred this Fever in the very same method both as to Bleeding and repeated Purging and Cordials as I used in the cure of the Dysentery above Except that I found that Paregoricks given between the Purges did not onely doe no good but that they did harm otherwise than in the Dysentery because the Matter was detained by them that should have been carried off by Purging The Patient lived for the first days of the Disease upon Oatmeal and Barley-Grewel His drink was small Beer a little warm And after I had Purged him once or twice I saw no necessity to forbid my Patient a little Chicken or some such meat easie of Digestion since this curing of him by Purging may allow it which could not be granted if we went another way to work The third Purge for the most part one day being always interposed made an end of the Disease Yet this did not always hold good but sometimes more were to be used If when the Fever was gone the Patients strength was broken and feeble and they recovered slowly which frequently happened to hysterick persons I endeavoured to restore it and to recall the Spirits that were run away and dissipated to their deserted Stations by giving Laudanum in a little dose but I rarely repeated that remedy nor ever prescribed it till two or three days after the last Purge But nothing made so much for renewing the strength and refreshing the Spirits as a free use of the open Air presently as the Fever was departed And I took the occasion of insisting on this practice from hence In the beginning almost of this Constitution I was called to a young Woman lying sick indeed of a Fever and almost killed with a most bitter pain in her forehead and with other Symptoms with which we have already said that this Dysenterick fever was loaded When I enquired of her in what manner the Fever first took her and how long she had had it she confessed that fourteen days agoe she had been freed of a Dysentery to which either going away of it self or forced away by help of Medicines the said Fever forthwith succeeded with an Head-ach Which I did conjecture I might be best able to prevent if I substituted another evacuation instead of the Dysentery very like that upon stopping of which the Fever arose and therefore I restored her in the method before recommended And the Fevers of this Constitution did most readily yield themselves to this method In young people and sometimes in those that were a little elder this Fever now and then got into the head upon which they grew delirous not indeed as in other Fevers after the manner of a Phrensie but they were struck with a Stupidity which came very nigh a Carus Sydenâ—am Sect. â— â— Obs in moâ—â— Aâ—â—t This happened to them above all the rest who had in any sort unfortunately employed themselves in extorting Sweats Febris Ephemera or An one-day Fever The Contents Whether the Bath be proper I. Whether Diatrion pipereon be proper for one bred of Crudities II. Whether drinking of Warm water be proper III. Whether Oxymel be good for an imputrid Continent IV. Whether drinking of Cold water be proper V. It cannot be safely cured without Bloud-letting VI. A Man may Bleed till he faint VII An Ephemera from constipation of the Skin cured by Hydroticks VIII I. WHether is a Bath proper in one-day-Fevers For the resolution we must know that a Bath of Sweet-water may be considered in respect of its divers parts whereof Galen l. 10. method enumerates four 1. The Air of the Bath by virtue of which Sweat is raised 2. A seat of hot Water 3. A seat of cold Water 4. That part of it where the Sweat is wiped off But since the causes of one-day Fevers are various and divers we must take notice that the hot Air of the Bath is proper for those Diaries which are caused by the closeness of the Skin obstruction of the Pores or swelling of the Glands But it is hurtfull for those that are caused by commotions of the mind by weariness heat of the Sun and the like A seat of hot Water may more safely be used in every Diary A seat of cold water cannot be granted without caution But then it is proper for every one to wipe off the Sweat Forestus his limitation laid down lib. 1. obs 6. must be observed that all these things may be proceeded on in an Ephemera as such For where Obstructions internal Crudities Loathings Catarrhs Loosness c. occur we must abstain from Baths We must take notice also that some Modern Physicians have substituted other remedies instead of Baths because we want that provision which was familiar to the Ancients And farthermore for this reason because most people are delinquent in their diet and hereupon heaping up of crudities renders their bodies unfit for the use of the Bathe G. Horstius II. Galen is found fault with by Trallianus for prescribing meth med c. 5. Diatrion pipereon simplex where when the body is costive crude aliment is lodged in the Stomach and 4 de sanit tuend for giving it in a nidorulent crudity which is proper neither on the account of the Fever nor of its cause which is the effect of an ever intense heat But Galen's design is to provoke the expulsive faculty by a Medicine endued with such acrimony to the end that the corrupt aliment may depart to the Guts and what crude remains may be farther concocted and digested Besides if it be given when the Body is Purged it does no harm because its heat is extinguished in the first ways Idem and goes not into the Veins but in the mean time it strengthens the weak Stomach III. Trallianus his Medicine deserves notice who commends drinking of warm Water where Meat is in the Stomach for it washes cleanses and drives the Meat into the lower Belly Primirosius d. â—eb l. 1. c. 5. it tempers the inflamed Spirits and he says he knows not a better remedy and truly it is an excellent one IV. Oxymel is suspected by some upon the account of the Honey whose heat seems hurtfull for several persons because it easily turns to choler But it is truly agreeable because it dissolves what is thick
and glutinous and opens obstructed passages Besides all things should be considered in it of which it consists and not the qualities of the Honey onely should be considered which by Quercetan Pharm Dogm c. 10. is preferred before Sugar as being more pure and defecate for Sugar if its sweetness be not corrected easily turns to bile and obstructs the Bowels by its viscidity but also the vitriolate quality of the Vinegar joined with the watry humidity does so abate the heat of the Honey that its detersive and aperient virtue is apparent without any remarkable heat The fretting of the Guts and raising a Cough need not be feared much G. Horstius if there be but a moderate quantity of Vinegar V. It is a question whether drinking of cold Water be proper in an imputrid Continent fever But we must observe that when Galen forbids drinking of cold Water before signs of coction it must be understood of putrid Fevers for in this Fever that is void of putrefaction it may be given even in the beginning so there be the conditions requisite absence of obstructions in the Bowels of a Phlegmon of a weak Stomach c. But according to Riverius since this sort of Remedy is become obsolete and it is scarce possible to observe all the conditions and that mischiefs arise from the preposterous use of it it is better to doe the business by safe means VI. The second greatest remedy for Continent fevers is drinking of cold Water which Galen omitted in curing that young Gentleman 9 Meth. 5. because Bleeding alone was sufficient But this Remedy would be pernicious to one that stood in need of plenteous Bleeding because by incrassating the Plenty within the body it would stop and stiffen it And the innate heat being as it were stifled by much thick bloud would be quite smothered by drinking of cold water When yet some haemophobous Physicians have falsly thought that drinking cold water was a Remedy that might be substituted to Bleeding although without taking away bloud it cannot be administred So that Bleeding indeed without drinking cold Water Fertis 1. de F. b. p. 4 5. may be admitted but drinking of cold Water without precedent Bleeding cannot VII Bloud may be taken away in a Continent fever to fainting whatever Averroes talkes against Galen and Hippocrates himself It may be he does not distinguish Fainting from Swooning as Galen 1. de S. m. c. 12. has distinguished saying That while bloud is taking away to fainting we must be attent to the change of the Pulse lest they fall into a Swoon By this evacuation the redundance of the hot bloud is diminished the whole body cooled and reduced to its natural temper whereby Nature being relieved Idem is able to expell and separate the rest VIII Many who have been wet in the Rain fall sick and especially into a Continual fever transpiration being stopt which is very apt to cause Fevers After Bleeding I found nothing better than to open the Body with a Sudorifick Decoction Take Sarsa Parilla 1 ounce Seeds of Carduus Benedictus half an ounce Leaves of Scabious Marigold each half an handfull Make a Decoction of them all which must be taken very hot with a little White-wine or a few drops of Treacle-water P. Pachequus in obs Riverii 61. I have seen some Physicians who did not in the least dream of Sudorificks but when they observed the effects of our Potion they commended it Febris Epiala or A Fever in which a Man is sensible of Heat and Cold all over his Body in the same part and at the same time The Contents What form of Diet must be observed I. It s Cure II. What sort of Aperients are proper III. I. THey are deceived that think there should be a thinner Diet in an Epiala than in a simple Quotidian Whereas the Diet should be fuller and the reason is because in a Quotidian sweet Phlegm offends that by farther coction may be converted into bloud and nutrition which can never be expected from vitreous Phlegm Fortis And the same way must be taken in all other preternatural sorts of Phlegm II. Sylvius de le Boë Prax. lib. 1. cap. 30. judges Epialaes to be double Agues but both caused by a sharp Pancreatick juice and a sharp bile And so indeed as that the Cold of one continually meets with the Heat of the other and a new fit of the former and the Cold returns when the heat of the latter is augmented and he prescribes Medicines compounded of the foresaid subcontraries which respect both the Phlegmatick and Cholerick humours that abound in the same Patient Let this mixture be for an example Take of Water of Carduus Benedictus Succory each 1 ounce and an half simple Treacle Water distilled Vinegar each 6 ounces Powder of Crabs-eyes half an ounce Syrup of the five opening Roots 1 ounce Mix them III. There is this property in all these Fevers to wit that all things which dry as well as heat are inconvenient for these Fevers because they make the matter thicker the thinner parts being digested into exhalations And seeing Physicians assert that the matter of these Fevers is thick humours which cause both Heat and Cold at once they seem not to advise very wholesomely Brudus de victu Febr. l. 3. c. 25. who give such Feverish Persons Broth of Vetches and Brine Certainly it were more proper for them to use things which being moist may also cleanse and cut Febris Erysipelatosa or A St. Anthony's Fire Fever The Contents It s description and cure I. It has affinity with a Pestilential Fever II. I. THis Disease seizes any part of the Body and that at any season and the Face above all other parts and especially at the latter end of Summer at which season often the Patient is taken as he is abroad in the open Air. For the Face is swelled on a sudden the Swelling begins with extreme heat and redness and is thick beset with small Pustules which when the Inflammation is farther increased sometimes run into Blisters Then it creeps farther over the Forehead and Head it self the Eyes in the mean time being quite covered over with the Swelling The Country People call it Blasting nor indeed is it made different from those Symptoms that attend the Stinging of Bees or Wasps but that there are Pustules And such is the most known and vulgar sort of St. Anthony's-Fire But what part of the body soever this Ail seizes as also at what time of the year soever it comes Cold and Shaking unless they go before which sometime falls out a day or two before for the most part accompany this Inflammation as also Thirst Restlessness and other signs of Fevers In the process of the Disease as the Fever first caused pain Swelling and other Symptoms which increasing every day sometimes end in a Gangrene so these in their turn contribute no small share to the increase of the Fever
accompanies such haemorrhagies as it often does which being mixt with the bloud helps its motion by opening the Orifices of the Veins it is customary with me besides revulsion and cooling to give a gentle Purge even in the height of the Disease whose operation when it is over I give an Anodyne a little stronger than ordinary and when the Symptome is utterly vanished I give another Purge Spitting of bloud also which in the confines of Spring and Summer seises Men of a hot constitution but not of a very strong one and whose Lungs are not in very good order also young Men above old Men is commonly of the same nature with Bleeding at the Nose seeing this is also a Fever which parts with its name as well as essence at the Crisis in which it ends onely with this difference that in the former Disease the bloud being too much agitated makes its assault upon the little Veins in the Nose and in this upon the Lungs And as in that during the Flux Pain and Heat they continually pierce the Forehead so in this both of them beset the Breast with a kind of debility Moreover this Ail challenges to it self the same method of cure in a manner which Bleeding does but that it will not so well endure Purging upon which especially repeated the Patient is easily cast into a Consumption But Phlebotomy often celebrated a Clyster given every day Diacodium given at the hour of sleep Diet moreover and thickning and cooling Medicines will doe the work Sydenham as you would desire Febris Hectica or A Hectick Fever The Contents The Knowledge of a Hectick fever I. Sometimes Bleeding is proper for Consumptive Fevers II. Whether a Diet of contrary qualities to wit Milk which is easie of digestion and Crayfish Cockles c. which are hard of digestion may be prescribed III. Things prohibiting the use of Milk IV. Milk must not be given presently after going out of the Bath V. Whey may be given VI. The efficacy of Broth made of a small Chicken VII Whether drinking of Cold water may be allowed VIII A measure must be observed in Cooling IX A cold Bath used by the Ancients not safe X. What way it becomes innocent XI Anointing must presently follow XII How many hours after eating Men may Bath XIII The Air must be cooled to the utmost of ones skill XIV The cure of a Hectick coming from a semiputrid substance of some of the inner parts XV. The Cure of one joyned with the French Pox. XVI I. SEeing in the beginning it is easily cured but scarcely known therefore a Physician should be very diligent in searching out the signs of one beginning Sennertus lays this down as an inseparable property if an hour or two after Meal heat be increased and the Pulse grow greater and quicker without cold or shaking which are usual in Putrid fevers The reason of the first Symptome is this The Heat of Hectick persons is fixt in the solid parts wherefore little is excluded by them in form of Vapour Whatever it is upon the accession of moist meat or subtile food that is quickly distributed it is increased by Vapours Hence a small Sweat is strained out and the Stomach is loaded with a certain compression so as food is a trouble to it that is the Heat increasing till there be a perfect distribution of the Aliment But because it may so be that in a Putrid fever when no cold goes before some exacerbation and increase of heat may follow a Meal lest the Physician should mistake in his knowledge of a Hectick let him change the hour of his Meal for three days and if the heat increase alike the opinion of the Physician is confirmed II. Consuming fevers yet without an Ulcer in the Lungs may sometimes be cured before they come to extreme Leanness and if there be no hardness of the Liver or Spleen The Man in Oeniadis 5. Epid. n. 2. seems to have been wasted and consumed by such a kind of Fever as also that Woman from whom Galen took in three days 2 pounds and an half of Bloud And sometimes we have cured some of these Fevers by Bleeding but never by Purging We recovered a Boy about twelve years old of a Hectick fever that had parched him for several months and was beginning to have a Dropsie by repeated Bleeding and Purging with Senna His Bloud was most corrupt that is very black underneath not concrete above very pale and tough which swam upon thrice as much Serum No Man more happily escaped a Consumptive fever by Bleeding than Mr. N. After a Burning fever of twenty days he fell into a Hectick which had a nocturnal and putrid Fever coming with a little Cold joined with it These had so consumed the Man that you might have grasped either of his Legs near the Knee with your hand I took ten ounces of most faeculent and very serous Bloud from him That very day his Putrid fever left him the Hectick continuing which did him less harm Botallus l. de Sangu missione c. 17. After eight days the like quantity of Bloud was taken from him out of the other Arm which was very like the former The Fever declined by degrees and in three days left him III. Milk is prescribed by all Men and deservedly for Food of easie digestion is proper for Hectick persons because the innate heat is weak and such as resists the febrile heat and driness as Milk does But if these qualifications be required in their Diet Why are Crayfish also prescribed which are accounted hard of Digestion We must take notice that a two-fold Diet must be assigned to a Hectick according to the difference of time For in one that is beginning a grosser Diet and longer of Concoction is requisite though it be concocted with difficulty because at that time the native heat is stronger and better able to overcome gross nutriment If the Hectick be far gone and therefore the innate Heat Parent of all Coction be very weak things hard of Concoction must be avoided and those things given which are digested without any trouble and nourish well and quickly Because the Heat being fixt in the solid parts wastes much of the substance of the Body which we must study to repair by thick and glutinous Aliment but such as is also of a good Juice IV. Sometimes the more ignorant sort are deceived who altogether forbid Milk when Hectick persons of the first or second degree are troubled with very small Obstructions of the Hypochondria or with a slight Putrid fever And in the mean time they do not see that if Milk be not given at least in a small quantity they hasten to the third degree whence follows Death We say with Hippocrates 5. Aph. 64. that it is bad to give Milk to them that have Obstructions or are in Putrid fevers But that it is far worse to suffer a Man certainly to perish Sanctorius Med. l. 15. c. 7. for we
must have greater regard to the Urgency than to the Cause V. Hippocrates 3. de vict acut 54. writes That it is not proper for him to bathe who is full either of Meat or Drink lest crude matter be drawn out of the Belly into the Veins and Habit of the Body Why therefore do the Physicians of our Age if a spent Patient have but drunk Asses Milk presently set him in a Bath They will answer To get it into the Habit of the Body But we say it will not be assimilated when it is not concocted Therefore that might better be done 4 hours after And Hippocrates says We must neither eat nor drink presently after Bathing for when a heat is raised Heuâ—ius the attractive virtue of the heat takes away the opportunity of mitigating it ¶ Yet Galen 14. Meth. 15.5 gives Milk to weakly persons after Bathing and Trallianus gives Ptisan VI. Galen also seems to confirm it that Whey has its place in a Hectick fever Rolfinccius when 10. m.m. c. 11. he says that Asses Milk is proper above all other because it is serous Therefore Whey is most proper ¶ Now I understand why Milk is due to Hecticks and the more serous the more beneficial and therefore Galen prefers Asses Milk before any other not because it is colder for upon that score Water would be more convenient but because in Hecticks the solid parts are consumed which Whey as it were their nourishment restores For it is not the simple Vehicle of Aliment as Antiquity deemed but it self does nourish for if it be set over a gentle fire it grows thick a most certain sign of Aliment An Experiment of which matter being made an hundred times I ever observed that the very Whey was not onely thickned but became glutinous and membraneous Hieron Barbarus l. de Sanguine Sero and hence I presently conjectured that the spermatick parts were nourished with Serum c. VII It must not be passed by that 5 or 6 ounces of Broth of a small Chicken when the Fat is taken off may be beneficially given before Meal that the solid parts may be moistned So Plasterers sprinkle the Wall with water before they lay on the Lime that it may stick the faster Instead of this some order Water to be drunk but it is unfit to moisten the solid parts Zecchius VIII Galen lib. de Marcore and 10. Meth. greatly commends Water in the first sort wherein the Humour onely ferments and is not as yet consumed and while the Body although it be hot and dry yet abounds with Bloud and is full of Juice For by the use hereof Galen writes he preserved many from a Marasmus and Consumption And here Alexander's advice should be followed who orders as much Cold water after Meal as the Patient will drink But if a Hectick happen from a Putrid fever Crudity of Humours or Inflammation of the Praecordia drinking of Water ought to be avoided especially if strength be low the Inflammation moderate and Coction do not as yet appear But in a very vehement and urgent Inflammation as an Erisipelaceous one Cold water may be given for the Inflammation will be extinguished although the Disease be protracted a long time But if a putrid one be joined with it Coction must be expected But in a Hectick which follows Burning fevers or in a Marasmus it self we must have a care of Cold water lest in a fleshless and weak Body the innate heat be extinguished over hasty Old Age brought on which they call Age from a Disease in which the innate heat is either none at all or very little therefore it requires not cooling but heating Primirosius l. 1. de Febr. c. ult moistning and restorative things IX In the use of Coolers we must observe this that the more powerfull be not immediately and frequently used for they might extinguish a weak heat and it is better to cool gradually than all on a sudden But Moistners are ever safer than Coolers because they perform their operations slowly Riverius X. Among external Remedies a Bath of Sweet water is the chief for it powerfully cools and moistens and relaxes the external parts that they receive the aliment more readily The use of it cold was most frequent among the Ancients which is now grown obsolete and not very safe for there is fear that the Body might be hurt by the sudden meeting with Cold water Therefore the readiest and most advised way were to set the Patient in the Bath while the water is moderately hot in which he ought to stay till it grow cold of it self Observe it is better to make them moistning by boiling emollient and cooling things in them Idem as Barley bruised Almonds c. XI That the Patient may the better inure himself to the Bath let him first of all try the steam being wrapt in a Sheet and being held by four lusty Men over the Kettle in such a posture as he may easily breathe and the rest of his Body that is wrapt up may be sensible of the steam through the Sheet When this has been repeated several times and the Man after he has rested a-while seems to have recovered his strength let him be put in the water and tarry therein as long as his strength will permit Let the Servants take diligent care that the Patient be tired with no stirring of his Body but let them treat him so tenderly that he may be at no pains while either he rises out of Bed or goes into the Kettle near his Bed or when he goes out of it as he lies him down again Nor do I see any reason especially in this Age why the Patient should be turned out of a warm Bath into a cold Because Cold water ill affects the Nerves not sufficiently fenced with flesh nor should it ever be prescribed to any but fleshy and young people and in the midst of Summer when it is good for this Disease Joubertâ—s l. 2. â—ract c. 1. It were better to anoint the Body with Oil of Roses or of Water-lilies XII Galen 10. Meth. 11. propounds in the progress of a Hectick a warm Bath as he does a warm one and then a cold one when a Man is very weak and his Body thin and emaciated which latter way of Bathing is more eligible as it is safer for the moisture is more easily insinuated in a hot Bath and better kept if cold water be presently poured on Then after gentle wiping and drying with soft cloths we anoint with Oil of Almonds and Violets mixt together anointing the whole Belly with Vng rosac Mes Besides after a warm Bath the distribution of the Aliment will be rendred much more easie and it will be made much more efficacious if it be altered with Leaves of Mallow Violets Fortâ—â— Water-lily c. XIII The Bath as a thing that greatly moistens the whole Body helps also very much the distribution of the
I. The Leipyria of the Arabians must be cured one way that of the Greeks another II. Whether cold things may be given to one coming from a Malignant humour III. Whether Broth may be given IV. Cordial Epithems are hurtfull V. The Diet in the Leipyria of the Arabians VI. I. THE Cure of this Fever proposed by Hippocrates l. de affect v. 107. it is proper for this saith he to apply cooling things outwardly both to the Belly and to the Body to prevent Shaking at the first blush seems foolish enough as it orders Coolers that is Medicines actually and potentially cold to be outwardly applyed because they seem highly prejudicial to the hot Internals and cold Externals for being applied outwardly they drive the Heat inwards whereby the Disease increases But this Remedy does not want its reason for whenever a bilious humour burning in the Internals causes a refrigeration of the extreme parts and not the penury of the innate heat cold things applied outwardly can doe no harm yea if they be often applied the cooling virtue being communicated from one part after another to the internal parts they may extinguish the internal heat of the Bile Nor need the retraction of the heat be feared because much Cold applied all at once causes it not what is applied by little and little and endued with no intense Cold such as he supposes must be used in this case while he orders Shaking to be prevented I can confirm the Authority of my Master by experience For I have observed People so affected that the more we endeavour to reduce them to their natural state by hot things the more violently they were cooled Above all others I observed it in N. who being in a burning Fever and very cold in his external parts after they that were by had tried for a whole day to heat him with Flannel and warm Skins applied all over his Body yet in the evening we found him colder than ever The reason is Because if such refrigeration proceed from the penury of the radical moisture and spirits if while we strive to draw the moisture and heat to the superficies by heating things we dissipate and draw it out what wonder if the Body be thereby more cooled And if for this reason hot things doe hurt for the same reason what things soever can dissipate more than hot things must be so much the more suspected for example Prosp Martianus Frictions and Cuppings which are in frequent use for the Cure of these Fevers II. Avicen reckons a Leipyria among Phlegmatick Distempers ascribing the rise of it to vitreous Phlegm while gross Vapours are elevated from it when it putrefies which cannot be carried to the external parts and make them hot Or because there are cold humours in the external parts which cannot be made hot by the heat of the Phlegm putrefying within In the Cure of it he uses Syrupus Acetosus Oxymel both simple and diuretick to cut and prepare the gross and cold humour He purges with Aloes Hiera and Rheubarb and so in short he lays down the Cure of an Epiala By Galen it is reckoned among Burning severs and these malignant and he says they are caused by an Inflammation or Erysipelas of some of the internal parts Hippocrates also reckons them among Burning fevers But every Burning fever has not this Symptome onely such as is malignant and pestilential Galen referred it amiss to a Phlegmon or Erysipelas of the Bowels for I have seen several Malignant fevers wherein the out parts were scarce warm and the inner were burning hot yet there were no signs and symptoms of the Bowels being inflamed Therefore in my judgment there is a twofold cause of this Symptome the first is seeing the Nature of this Fever consists in a malignant poisonous quality and putrefaction and that it is the property of all Poison to lay in wait for the Heart because Nature that she may defend a noble part and assist it sends bloud and spirits from every place to the Heart and noble Parts whence by accident such refrigeration follows The second cause is because this Fever is caused by humours very much putrefied lodged about the Praecordia such as eruginous Bile very much putrefied the meeting of which when Nature cannot bar she endeavours to evacuate them by Vomit and Stool and therefore strives to doe it with all her force and thereupon a concourse of all the Humours inwards follows Hereto I think may be added the peculiar property of the malignant humours to incline rather inwards than outwards Here we must first give a Clyster then bleed and then use Coolers and Cordials as Juice of Lemons Citron Pomegranate Cataplasms of Barley-meal mixt with Juice of Housleek and the like Coolers must be applied to the Hypochondria and often changed Finally the same Cure is owing to this Fever as to a burning malignant those things being added whose property it is to resist Malignity And we must remember from Hippocrates 2. de Morb. l. de Affect that we use onely Broths till the Fever is over for Drink we must give small Mede we must purge onely by Clysters Primirosius l. 2. de Feb. c. 8. not by any other Catharticks before the Fever is gone III. Alteratives are very requisite in this Fever so that Paulus and Aetius have affirmed that drinking of Cold water is proper yet not in the beginning but in the state that is when signs of Coction appear And although Aetius gave Cold water to a certain Woman without tarrying for Coction yet it was an improper Leipyria caused by an Erysipelas in the Stomach whose proper Remedy is drinking of Cold water as Galen 9. Meth. 5. teaches But I in this case more willingly chuse some Alterative which may not by its quantity oppress the innate Heat but has a cooling and moistning virtue such as are distilled Waters of Juice of Sorrel Cichory yea and Water melon which may be given to a pound and a half adding 3 or 4 ounces of Scorzonera-water Fortis l. de Febr. Which Potion may be given 5 or 6 hours after the beginning of the Fever IV. But that Heat may more easily come to the external parts or at least that the Bowels may not be so grievously suffocated and afflicted thereby it will not be amiss 3 hours after the beginning of the Fit to give not indeed Broth altered with Citron-seed as it uses erroneously to be done for nothing then must be offered which has the nature of Aliment but 3 or 4 ounces of Cordial-water of totius Citri Scorzonerae and Saxoniae may by and by be given as was said after some altering Potion and then the Broth 2 or 3 hours after that namely of something altered with Cichory Borage Endive Cinquefoil and Tormentil adding Syrup de acido Citri of Juice of Lemons and a convenient portion of some altering Broth. Idem V. It is an Errour in Physicians who when in Continual fevers
is on Fire But Opiates and Anodynes that fix and thicken the bloud and spirits must rather be used Also Juleps and Decoctions which cool the raging Bowels temper the Bloud and refresh the Spirits must be made use of frequently Acetous Liquours of Vegetables or Minerals and purified Nitre because they restrain the raging of the Bloud and quench thirst are very proper Let hot and spirituous Waters cordial and bezoartick Powders as long as the Disease has no malignity be avoided If the bloud circulate unevenly and be carried more impetuously towards the head than the feet Epithems of the warm flesh or bowels of Animals applied to the Soles of the feet are good Idem III. When the Fever is in the State Nature's motion must be carefully attended whether she will make a Crisis or no. Wherefore nothing must be attempted rashly by the Physician Bleeding and Purging must be avoided but when the febrile heat is somewhat abated after the deflagration of the bloud and signs of coction appear in the urine if then Nature's motion be too slow a Sweat or a gentle Purge may be given But if all be crude and disturbed if the urine be still turbid without a sediment or secretion of parts if the Spirits be languid the Pulse low if no Crisis or onely what was provoked precede no evacuation whatever either by Sweat or Purge can be attempted without manifest danger to life But we must tarry longer that the spirits of the bloud may recover themselves may in some measure concoct the excrementitious and crude humours and then separate them a little Then let the Spirits be refreshed with moderate Cordials let the immoderate effervescence of the bloud if there be any be hindred and its due fermentation sustained which truly is best performed by Coral Pearl and such Powders for indeed they are dissolved by the ferments of the Bowels and then ferment with the Bloud and very much restore its weak and wavering motion In the mean while Nature labouring let all obstacles and impediments be removed and especially the increase of excrements gathered in the first ways must be abated with the frequent use of Clysters Idâ—m IV. In what manner or method the most urgent Symptoms ought to be treated it will not be easie to prescribe by certain rules because the self same must sometime be immediately stopt and quieted sometime more hastily promoted and which is more than all it may be at another time they must wholly be left to nature We must oppose some of them with asswaging and lenient Remedies and others with rougher and irritative Physick Yet in the mean time this Rule must be observed in all of them that we religiously insist in Nature's footsteps who if she doe amiss her disorders must be reduced If she go right but too violently she must be restrained but if she go right and operate slower or weaker than she ought it would doe well to promote and aid her endeavours by the help of Physick Idem V. In the declension of the Fever when after the Crisis is over Nature is above the Disease all is safe and there is not much for the Physician to doe it onely remains for him to propound an exact course of Diet that the Patient may quickly recover his strength without any fear of a Relapse It is also good to carry off the reliques of the febrile matter by a gentle Purge In Diet Men oftnest split upon the Rock of a Relapse that is the Sick after preposterous eating of Flesh or strong Meat relapse into a Fever for when the Bowels are weak and they do not easily concoct aliment unless it be very thin and when the Crasis of the bloud is so weak that it cannot assimilate a strong nutritious Juice if any thing disproportionate be offered to either of them the oeconomy of Nature is perverted and all goes to wrack Wherefore Convalescents must long abstain from Flesh and must not eat it till after their Urine be like healthy persons and does no more grow turbid in the Cold and then indeed it is best to begin with a dilute Meat-broth and after gradually to ascend to stronger things Idem VI. When after an imperfect Crisis the case is doubtfull and the controversie under decision then a difficult task is incumbent on the Physician Let Nature's motion and strength be diligently attended whether she begins to prevail upon the Disease or to yield to it If there be signs of Concoction and strength be good a gentle evacuation may be made In the mean time we must help the most urgent Symptoms with proper Remedies all impediments must be removed and strength must be restored as much as may be by Cordials and a right course of Diet. VII When after a bad Crisis or none at all all things grow worse and when the Physician almost despairs of the Cure of the Disease let him give the prognostick that the event is doubtfull and much to be feared Yet he must not so far rely on the prognostick as to let his fears too much possess him but still let him provide as much as lies in Physick's skill for the health of his Patient though despaired of let Remedies be used for the most troublesome Symptoms and let the Spirits of the bloud almost extinct be recruited by Cordials When we despair of Recovery let life be prolonged as long as we can and an Euthanasia at least procured Idem VIII In Continent Fevers because they are always accompanied with great strength we may give a thin Diet But after Putrefaction is begun we must feed the Patient higher because the Corruption of the humours requires it according to Galen's opinion lib. 8. Meth. and 1. Aphor. 17. Mercatus Febris Tertiana or A Tertian Ague The Contents Whether Bloud may be let I. The time to let bloud II. Whether a Purge may be given onely after the third Fit III IV. At what hour a Purge must be given in a double Tertian V. Syrup of Damask roses not fit to purge withall VI. An exquisite Tertian curable by alteration alone without purging VII Sometimes it onely gives way to a Vomit VIII Whether it may not be cured without one IX A Vomit is seldom proper for a legitimate one X. The efficacy of Spirit of Sulphur XI A bastard Tertian cured by the use of Spaw-waters XII Made longer by the abuse of cooling Juleps XIII The excessive use of Aperients hurtfull XIV Drinking of Water good for an exquisite one XV. The remaining ferment must be extinguished by Specificks XVI We must have regard to the indisposition of the Bowels XVII What way a Decoction of Wormwood does good XVIII Cured by a Diaphoretick XIX By applying Bottles XX. A caution in the application of Epithemes XXI Applications to the Wrists not to be rejected XXII The Diet must be thin and spare XXIII The Patient sometimes killed with a multitude of clothes XXIV The Cure of a
purge Choler according to Hippocrates his Rule l. de Purgant Give to bilious persons things that purge bile and to phlegmatick persons things that purge phlegm But all bilious Diseases must not be treated with Purgatives because many give way to Alteratives and other Medicines For Galen 2. de Cris says that Bile is violently moved in Tertians and disseminated through all the parts of the body and that it purges its self by the violence of its motion Therefore we should not be so solicitous about the indication of evacuating as of altering And in such persons Hippocrates requires Griping of the Belly and other signs to adventure on purging for 3. de Morb. he says But if the mouth of the stomach be not affected but the griping go down to the belly Mercatus give Physick that purges downwards VIII The filthy humours contained in the Stomach Mesentery and hollow of the Liver use to produce this sort of Agues which is brought up sometimes by one Vomit when it could not be carried off by many Purges as Fernelius observes And therefore if the Patient be troubled with Vomiting at the beginning of the fit the Physician would doe well to follow the motion of Nature Chymists ascend to Aqua benedicta which as it happily evacuates the matter that is lodged in the first ways so it requires a prudent Physician who must see that there be no contumacious obstructions in the Bowels â—â—ivâ—rius IX An opinion has prevailed among the Vulgar that a Tertian ague can scarce be cured without a Vomit wherefore some Medicasters use under the pretext of necessity to give a Vomit to all that are sick of this Disease though they be weak and infirm not without great peril of their lives and such as they think unable to bear this Remedy they leave to Nature But as to my own experience it has often sufficiently appeared on the contrary this is an erroneous practice And I rather think that unless in a strong body and inclined to vomit and when it happens that the Stomach is loaded with excrementitious matter a Vomit is rarely or never required but instead thereof a gentle Purge whereby the humours are kindly carried off will be of more use for purging in this case does the same that vomiting namely it evacuates the choledochal Vessels that Bile being plentifully drawn out of the Bloud the febrile Dyscrasie may be amended But when the felleous humour being pumped up into the Stomach is voided upwards great harm is done thereby to the Stomach and a notable disturbance made in the whole Body whereas if the humour be carried downwards by a gentle Purge Willis de Febr. it is voided without any trouble X. The facility of the matter to be carried off and the inclination of Nature must immediately be considered For if the matter putrefie about the Viscera naturalia it must be carried off by vomit or stool if in the ambit of the body by sweat But so mordacious a matter must never be carried off by vomit because of the exquisite sense of the Stomach unless when Nature tends that way to wit that it may the sooner be got out of the Stomach and then we must use warm water or an epicerastick Vomit may be made of Chicken-broth altered with Mallows adding Oil of sweet Almonds and Julapium Acetosum letting alone antimonial and strong Vomits proposed by Chymists and admitted by Senâ—ertus Forâ—â— XI It appears to me from several experiments that Tertian agues have been cured with Spirit of Sulphur and Water given in the height of the fit and in extreme thirst whereby plentifull Sweat was procured after which not onely the fit was stopt but the Disease was perfectly cured In a less quantity of Water the quantity of the Spirit must be lessned Riveriuâ— lest it be too sowre XII A Nobleman 25 years old fell into a bastard Tertian in Spring time when May came on he desired to drink schalwaback-Schalwaback-waters wherefore he went thither evacuation premised on his intermittent day the next day he endured the fit for two hours in bed when he was thirsty at length he drank one pound and a half of the Waters by degrees to quench his thirst and then being well covered he began to sweat and quickly the fit ended in a total intermission After by continuing the use of Waters and gradually ascending to a larger Dose he once or twice perceived a little of his Ague at the time of the fit and then he always provoked sweat by taking a convenient potion of the Waters as his Ague declined by which means without using any other Remedies the Ague totally intermitted his languishing strength returned Horstius l. 1. obs 12. and his former health was restored XIII They that have written of the Cure of Fevers do prescribe in Tertians and other Intermittent fevers or agues cooling and moistning Juleps as if Coolers were of use in Agues at all times For on the contrary they are often a cause of the Continuance and Contumacy of Agues that is when they are used after the seventh fit the heat of the humour being repressed because they fix the humour more and weaken the innate heat which is the onely cause of the concoction of the humours When therefore it is grown old the Constitution of the Bowels must be taken notice of from the face and habit of the whole Body He that is of a firm habit of body and has a vegete heat does a long time bear the use of Coolers and Moistners without harm and is helped thereby if his Liver be hot and dry and the humours be sharp and raging But on the contrary if the innate heat be languid and the humours be pituitous and melancholick the Fever will be protracted a long time by too cooling and moist things We must therefore distinguish in what Agues heat and thirst require to be quenched by Coolers and Moistners and in what to be wasted by an attenuating Diet and by abstinence from Drink Crude and gross humours by a thin Diet abstinence from Drink and the use of Concocters being conquered by the innate heat are easily dispersed and vanish or turn into the nutriment of the Body But hot and sharp humours require to be asswaged by cooling and moistning things yet so as neither violence may be offered to the bowels nor to the innate heat Enâ—hirid Med. Pract. XIV Every morning I would give some clarified Juice of Plantain with one ounce of Wine not strong but weak For so not onely respect will be had to apertion but strength will be added to the natural parts How much the Stomach and Liver are spoiled by Aperients onely if the use of them be continued too much Ab. Seyller Epist 4. apud Schotzium Experience abundantly testifies XV. Drinking of Water is very good for Tertians because it properly extinguishes the burning of Choler if there be the Conditions which Galen 9 11. Meth. and
in other places requires But he forbids the giving of it before signs of Coction because it hinders attenuation and digestion of tough humours and causes difficulty of breathing convulsion and trembling in some But Averroës tarries not till that time because the Patient in the mean time is in danger of having his innate heat extinguished by the febrile and because the damage done by the cold Water is less than what would be done by the burning Heat for by drinking cold Water there is onely danger of lengthning the Disease by the violent Heat of Death Besides Coction is a sign the Disease is overcome and when the Heat is quenched drinking of Water is useless Therefore when Bile is raging cold Water may safely be given When it is cooled and the state of the Disease is over it will be useless because the humours will grow crude again with the Water and new occasion will be given to Obstructions and lengthning out of the Fever espeally in Natures that are obnoxious to Obstructions as the melancholick XVI Because in the place of Putrefaction in long Fevers a certain Infection like to a Ferment is usually bred and left behind whereby the humours though not so very bad are fermented and corrupted Therefore to extinguish this ferment and stop the humours convenient Evacuations premised we may proceed to the use of the Peruvian Bark which must be given in the beginning of the fit with Malmsey Wine in manner and quantity as is well known to all Physicians Fortis XVII A Tertian ague is sometimes prolonged by a hot and dry intemperature of the Liver which continually produces fewel for new fits As I have often observed in several who were of a dry and squalid habit of Body and altogether cholerick and without any store of humours they have had a Tertian for three or four months especially in a hot season of the Year Violent Purgatives and violent Aperients and Heaters are hurtfull to such But they must be treated with a cooling and moistning Diet and with Juleps and Broths of the same quality And the superfluous humours must be purged away by degrees with emollient and cooling Clysters Cassia Tamarinds Catholicon and Syrup of Roses but in this case Baths of sweet water especially doe wonders by extinguishing the hot and dry intemperature impressed on the Bowels which the Patient may use without Sweating Sometimes also the length of a Tertian depends upon an indisposition of some part especially of the Liver or Mesentery which cannot be cured by Purging never so often repeated because the ill quality remains in the part and daily gathers new humour which maintains the fits And this ill quality is removed by Diureticks Sudorificks and other dissolvents Things endued with such qualities are Wormwood lesser Centaury Carduus benedictus root of Dittany Burnet Tormentil c. whereof decoctions may be made Enchir. Med. pract Riverius to be given several days before the fits XVIII Many are ignorant what Galen's skill was in giving of Wormwood in Tertian agues In curing of them this among many other is one Indication to purge store of bilious humour by stool and Urine Another is to strengthen the mouth of the Stomach much molested with bile Wormwood performs these things of which Galen 6. simpl Wormwood has an astringent and bitter and also a sharp quality both heating and cleansing and drying and strengthning Therefore it drives down the bilious humours of the Belly by stool and purges by Urine But it purges what is bilious in the Veins most by Urine therefore it does no good when it is given for Phlegm contained in the belly And Dioscorides lib. 3. cap. 23. It has an astringent and heating virtue it purges bile which sticks to the Stomach and Belly it provokes Urine Therefore Wormwood is given for these two Reasons to purge Bile and to strengthen the Stomach It does no hurt because hot for its substance is not given but its decoction or infusion in Melicrate as Galen said besides onely the leaves are infused that is a small quantity to cause heat To say nothing Augenius l. 7. tom 1. Epist 8. that if it doe a little harm it need not be valued in respect of the good it does They doe amiss who give the juice XIX A Woman 45 Years old after a disorderly Diet was taken in the latter end of May with a Tertian ague I neglecting the Ague betook my self to restrain the fierceness of the sharp Salt redounding in the Patient and not without success for when I had given her of the volatile Salt of Harts-horn half a scruple with 6 grains of Salt of Carduus benedictus and 5 grains of Salt of Wormwood but the first time and that one hour before the fit it not onely came later by two hours but held her much more mildly Georgius Sogerus Misc Cur. an 72. Obs 244. Wherefore insisting on this Medicine and when because of its nauseous taste she began to loath it I made it into Pills with a little crum of Bread and I cured her XX. A Gentlewoman was taken with an exquisite Tertian ague she obstinately refused all that I prescribed in the mean time the Disease grew worse and for eight fits it grew stronger and stronger every fit I visited her a little before her ninth fit and when she refused to take any thing inwardly I order bottles filled with hot water to be placed here and there about her to make her sweat against her Will. She on the contrary commands the bottles to be taken away I being not at all moved with the clamour of my Patient order the Maids to observe my commands and to force her to sweat against her Will remembring that of Hippocrates 2 Epid. We must endeavour that anger may be provoked in such as are pale Now said I to my self if anger must be provoked that the bloud may be diffused through the habit of the body and dispell paleness perhaps it may also drive out the Ague and open the inward obstructions the cause of the present mischief Borrichâ—ins Misc Cur. ann 72. Obs 234. Nor did my Augury deceive me the Ague ceased forthwith and though she was outragious angry it stopt and never returned any more XXI In the height of the fit to allay the heat cooling Epithemes of water of Cichory Roses Plantain Vinegar of Roses c. may be applied to the Liver Yet we must have a care that the waters lie not upon the Liver Enchir. Meâ— Pract. when Sweat is at hand for they might hinder its coming out XXII Thoâ—e Remedies that use commonly to be applied to the Wrists are not to be rejected altogether for the opinion of the Vulgar is not onely satisfied with them because they think many are cured with these remedies but also they may doe some good by communicating their virtue to the heart by the large Arteries Riverius which run to the Wrists XXIII The Diet in
of Seed of Willow seven drachms Calaminth six drachms Seed of white Vitex five drachms Rue half an ounce Hemlock Seed two drachms Make it with water into Trochiscs Aetius Give the quantity of a Hazle-nut in five ounces of Posca 2. Among noble Confections this is reckoned most effectual Take of Pine Nuts first washed in water Pistachio Nuts Seed of Cucumber Cucurbite Raisins each half an ounce Cinamon Mace Seed of Anise Agnus Castus each one ounce Alex. Benedictus Camphire one drachm Make it with Sugar 3. This Confection wonderfully helps a Gonorrhoea Take of Seeds of Melon two ounces Cucurbit one ounce Agnus Castus half an ounce Acacia Coral each one drachm Been white and red each two scruples With Sugar make a Confection Rod. Ã Castro the dose half an ounce with three ounces of plantain-Plantain-water 4. This is singular good for a Gonorrhoea Take of Gum-arabick Tragacanth Carabe Mumy Bole Armenick the mandible of a Pike each what is sufficient and with Syrup of dried Roses or Myrtle Make Pills of one scruple in weight At the first time let him take three Pills Crato and then one for several days 5. I commend this for strengthening of the parts Take of the whole Mastick Tree with the Bark cut very small one ounce and an half Infuse it in six pounds of Water add of juice of Lemons depurated three ounces Digest them in Balneo twenty four hours Rod. Ã Fonseca The Dose is six ounces in the morning for several days together 6. One was cured of a Gonorrhoea onely with this Apozeme Take of Root of Comfrey half an ounce Plantain Horse-tail Daisie Knot-grass each one handfull Sorel one handfull and an half Seed of Plantain one drachm Sorel Mallow each half an ounce red Rose Flowers one pugil Raisins half an ounce scraped Liquorice three drachms Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Water To the Colature add of Syrup of Purslain Myrtle each one ounce and an half Forestus Mix them Make an Apozeme for three doses in the morning 7. If in a virulent Gonorrhoea the parts be inflamed and pained Grulingius a Cataplasm of Leaves of Rue and Dwarf Elder boiled in Vinegar and applied is a present Remedy C. C. de Heredia 8. Powder of Ivory presently cures a Gonorrhoea whether Gallick or Legitimate and other Women's Diseases 9. Natural Bathes Sennertus which have an astringent faculty are here very good or artificial ones which have the same virtue 10. I frequently use juice of Citron and Lemon with great success because it conduces much to extinguish Seed Oil of Henbane if a Woman's Loins and her Loci be anointed therewith Mercurialis is commended outwardly and has often been experienced by me 11. Purging premised Take of Wall-Rue one handfull bruise it and with a little Flower and one Egg bake it on a Tile into a Cake yet without Oil and Butter let the Woman eat this Cake in the morning two days and her Gonorrhoea will presently be stopt 12. This is an approved Remedy Take of dried Mint three drachms Seed of Agnus Castus Root of Iris Seed of Rue each one drachm Seed of Lettuce two drachms and an half white Sugar one ounce Mix them Make a Powder Joh. Zechiaâ— The Dose half an ounce with Chalybeate water for a Woman's Gonorrhoea Gurgulionis Affectus or Diseases of the Uvula The Contents The applying of Powders to it when swelled sometimes does harm I. When it does good II. When it is grown long we must not hasten to cut it out III. It must be cautiously cut out IV. Imprudently cut off the Cause of Death V. Powders are to be preferred before Gargarisms VI. Medicines I. WE must have a care when the Body is impure or the part affected is troubled with an Inflammation and Afflux of Humours that we do not use hot and eroding Medicines as also if there be any Malignant Quality bred of an atrabilarious humour or which savours of a Cancer For Cancrous Ulcers are exasperated and irritated by eroding Medicines In such I shall rather apply a Medicine made of ashes of Crabs with their Menstruum The Wife of N. after riding in the hot Sun was taken with a defluxion upon her Vvula and Jaws A Barber Chirurgeon was called who when he found the Vvula swoln he blew in a very sharp hot Powder three or four times a day Hereupon an Inflammation and a very dangerous abscess arising not onely the Vvula but also the Cartilages of the Nose were eroded and Ulcers broke out here and there in the Face When the Matron's Vvula by reason of the Catarrh was relaxed and inflamed and Aqua Regia had been indiscreetly applied a great Inflammation there followed with danger of Life Hildanus Cent. 6. Obs 15. A most dangerous Quinsey followed upon applying Powder of long Pepper and Saffron to the Throat and Jaws II. But if it degenerate into the form of a Grape and you see the Vvula grow narrow upwards then you must not use Coolers and Restringents any more but you must endeavour with moderate Dissolvents as with a Gargarism onely of hot water or wherein a little Fenugreek and Fenil has been boiled and it must be touched with a Spatula strewed with fine Powder of Pepper Cummin and Fenil Nor need we fear Pepper in this place for it is often used alone with good success when the Vvula is inflamed For which reason the vulgar dare say relying on this Argument that Pepper is potentially cold supposing that hot things are onely expelled by cold not knowing that the chief Cure of Inflammations is to be performed by hot things Botallus l. de Catarrhâ— c. 8. Sect. 16. dissolving that which sticks to the Part. III. It must not immediately be cut off as the stalk begins to grow pale and small but scarifications must be tried first which usually give present relief to parts that are almost dead for a Gangrene will never mortifie any part if they be applied in time But in this case the Vvula is falling or already faln into a Gangrene and why should you fear to scarifie that in hopes of restitution which you are resolved to cut off Idem ibid. IV. Abscission must not be made over precipitately if the cure can be performed by any other means because sometimes by taking it away either the Voice is hurt or a Consumption follows or a bleeding is raised which cannot easily be stopt But before it be cut off we must see what the figure and colour of it is For it must not be touched if it be round in its lower part and slender above hanging as it were by a stalk Or if it be very red and as it were bloudy that is speckled with drops of bloud or if it cause pain For if such an one be touched it easily turns to a Carcinoma On the contrary if it be small and long and not very red but whitish in the
bloud taken from him by opening a Vein Upon which that very day revulsion of the putrid humour being made from the Skin to the greater Veins by Venae-section he was taken with a Malignant fever which killed him on the fifth day For in such Diâ—eases I do not let bloud Martianus com in 〈◊〉 loc or in a very small quantity both for the reason above-said or because a Cacochymie prevails rather than a Plethory III. A certain Physician cured grievous Itches successfully which were despaired of by others onely by giving a powder made of equal parts of Sarsa Rheubarb and Senna in Broth for 40 days and anointing the body onely with Vnguentum è succis For such Diseases being near of kin to the Pox do in a manner require the same cure as formerly J. B. Montanus did advise Others commend the like powders as N. Massa p. 1. Ep. 30. does also commend decoctions of Purgatives mixt with â—udorificks whom others do follow though Rondeletius Sennertuâ— and Chalmetaeus disapprove of such Medicines who never used them because they are inconvenient and dangerous by reason of contrary motions which Ballonius reckons may be compared to purging in the Dog-days Vâ—lschius Obs 84. l. 1. Epidem p. 41. Yet experience shews they are usefull IV. A Boy ten years old was afflicted with the Itch which ouzed out an ichorous matter A cold season coming on it was suppressed and the filthy matter was turned upon the Lungs which caused a horrible Asthâ—a Pachequus ad Riverium obs 53. which ceased immediately as the Wind turned to 〈◊〉 South V. Galen 14. meth c. 17. speaking of the Ringworm says that if but a little excrement be repelled to a principal part it does no little harm because this is dissolved by the bowels speaking there of a Roman Matron's Ringworm which would never have been cured by a Medicine of Sea wrack had not Galen by stealth put a little Scammony in her Whey which she drank The reason was because there was a great fluxion to the Part. Repellents therefore before evacuation of the Excrement always doe harm Sanctorius de Remed Inv. c. 15. except in a case where it is but small VI. Leeches did a Melancholick woman a great deal of good in a St. Anthony's-Fire which ate her Leg by drawing the hot and adust bloud from the next veins which till then did constantly supply the stubborn Sore And the bloud being voided what remained was easily cured by Bread soaked in Water onely Tulpius l. 4. obs 13. VII One by reason of heat in his Liver was a little troubled with Pimples in his Face who being about to Marry a second time drove them in with some Medicines A little while after he was taken with the Gout Pâ— Salmuth cent 2. obs 35. then with a Palsie in both his Arms and in a short time he died VIII Sometimes redness of the Face comes from abundance of bloud that is carried by the great vein which is in the middle of the Forehead and flushes on a sudden all over the Face and strikes in again but presently returns An Illustrious Countess sent for me on this account and while she was discoursing with me the Bloud immediately flushed out of that vein all over her Face I observing that great vein in her Forehead to be full of bloud perswaded her to let it be opened I ordered her hair to be shaven a little above the commissura coronalis upon the vein leaving a little hair on her brow under the shaven place that it might not disfigure her face and I ordered a ruptory Medicine to be applied to the vein in the shaven place and I told the Chirurgeon that he should not let it lye on above one hour but he let it lye on two and when it was removed it bloudied all the Chirurgeon's face the effusion was so violent who ought to have pressed the vein from her Nose to the Wound that the bloud which was in that part might have been evacuated and then should have applied a defensative upon the place But he being affrighted immediately stopt the Wound and bound it and the bloud which was in the foresaid place fell down to the Nose which swelled upon it but was cured by applying a Plaster When the Wound was cured Bayrus Pract. l. 7. c. 3. and the Vein that was abscinded stopt she was free and her flushings vanished IX Whether are Spaw-waters good for a red Face and for pimpled and copper-nosed Drunkards I Answer Because these Pimples or Pustules do for the most part depend upon immoderate heat of the Liver and these Waters do greatly heat the Liver as is evident in Hydropicks Cachecticks and such as labour of the Suppression of the Menstrua whose Liver is acknowledged to be cold and we have seen abundance of people cured by heating it with these Waters it is certain that if any Man drink these Waters any considerable time he will go away from the Spaw with a far redder and more Pimpled Face than when he came thither as I have observed in several But because these Pimpled Drunkards do always in a manner from the adustion of their Bloud in the Liver contract an obstruction of the Mesaraïck vessels sometimes more sometimes less Heer p. m. 156. they may safely drink the spaw-Spaw-waters about ten days namely that when the obstruction is removed by these opening Wells the Liver may be reduced to its temper by the help of cold things X. Our business must be to carry off by the Centre for to drive out the excrementitious humours of the whole Body to the circumference by Hydroticks in a particular not an universal cutaneous Disease does appear to me not very proper For the crusty affection which seizes a peculiar and ignoble part may become universal all the body over Fortis XI There are two constitutions of Diseases one whose essence subsists in facto not depending any more on a preceding cause From this as also from the procatartick cause no indication for remedies can be taken because it is vanished Another whose Being depends upon the generation of a preceding and efficient cause As the venome communicated by the bite of a mad Dog and diffused all over the habit of the body lies hid a long time till it have infected the nature of the Heart and Bowels then the caninc madness quickly shews it self in the Hydrophobous In like manner the impurity of the menstruous bloud of which the bowels of the Embryo are concrete that the foetus may be nourished with the purer part of it lies hid several years within the bowels till by its contagion and ebullition with the bloud it produce the Small Pox and Measles Hence it is manifest that those Diseases whose Being does not any more depend upon a preceding cause and whose matter does not any farther lye deep in the body mixt with the bloud in the heart and veins but is entirely
proper nor may the Cough be stopt though it may break the Vessels Here the Physician is at a stand and Galen 1. Aphorism 16. says he must take care of that which is most urgent But I would offer him a Patient in whom both Maladies were extreme urgent whose Spitting of bloud endangered his bleeding to death And if the Pleurisie were not purged there would be danger of strangling Here a Physician would not know what to doe While I was considering with my self this Difficulty it came into my mind that both Cures might agree sometimes namely If the matter of the Pleurisie be still crude and thin if the Bloud also sweat through because of tenuity or make its way by its Acrimony for then both the Pleurisie and the Spitting of bloud require incrassating things The Pleurisie indeed that it may easily be raised by Spittle because it is brought up by impulse to wit by Cough which is done more conveniently where some resistence is for a thin humour when it is raised is divided by the breath and falls back in coughing And Spitting of bloud if it come from tenuity and acrimony could be moderated no way better than by thickning it But if the matter of the Pleurisie stick not through thinness but viscidity then because we must needs hurt the Spitting of bloud in curing the Pleurisie for we want Inciders it must be done moderately and not without giving the Prognostick first For here the case is almost deplorable Step. Rod. Castr de Complexu morb 6. c. 22. yet not so as that the Patient should be given over and left to the Prognostick VIII The Difficulty is at what time we should use things to dissolve clotted bloud for they open the Vessels not shut them Therefore we must consider whether the violent Bleeding or the Concretion of the bloud be more violent If there be a breach of the Vessels of the Lungs or fear of Inflammation or if the bloud come violently it must presently be stopt but when it is partly stopt that is when the Bloud does not come so fast or its colour is not so florid things to dissolve the grumous bloud are proper after which we must proceed to glutinating things or to such as consist of both that is Oxymel and Syrup of Purslain with Bole-armenick But if Spitting of bloud follow the breaking of the Vessels of the breast because from thence there is no danger of a Consumption the Bloud must be dissolved and discharged before agglutination There must be the same method and we must endeavour the dissolution of the concrete bloud if it come from an Anastomosis of the Vessels of the Lungs for there is no fear of an Inflammation Aretaeus advises that those things which are given must be tenacious to the end Concretion may succeed Among such things Hare 's Rennet is commended which must be given sparingly for a great deal of it is mortal as the same Aretaeus says IX Grumous bloud must be dissolved in the beginning lest glutination be hindred which may be done by taking three or four ounces of warm Oxycrate twice or thrice a-day But it must be so made as that it may be pleasant to drink lest too much Vinegar cause a Cough If this will doe nothing we must proceed to stronger things as Rennet of Hare Kid Crabs-eyes Mumy Sperma ceti Antimonium diaphoreticum These things must be given at the beginning if it come from an Anastomosis But if from Rupture the Flux must first be stopt for it is more urgent than Concretion and then the Bloud must be dissolved X. Galen and Aetius allow Posca onely Averroes condemns it because seeing it is made of Vinegar diluted with Water upon account of the Vinegar it is hurtfull both for the Cause and the Disease it raising a Cough and increasing the Fluxion by extenuation of the bloud Indeed before the bloud congeals into clods it must not be used lest we run hazards But when it is clotted and mortal Symptoms are imminent from it upon account of the urgency it may be given if there be no Cough in respect whereof it is better to use Rennets Treacle Diacurcuma with Scabious water and a Decoction of Maiden-hair c. XI If Bloud be not stopt with Astringents and Glutinants we must flye to Narcoticks which incrassate thin humours and cause a sleep which stops all fluxions For Experience has taught us that Pills of Opium made for the purpose never hurt any one if so be the quantity were accommodated to every ones Nature and not given but to strong Constitutions Enchir. Med. Pract. XII If Bloud retained in the Lungs by the use of Astringents begin to putrefie give opening and dissolving things that the black and filthy bloud may come out Heurnius c. 6. l de Morb. Pect and afterwards the part may be cleansed and cured by glutinant Medicines ¶ When a Patient spits bloud with his Cough two Indications are urgent for through necessity of respiration the Wings of the Lungs ought to expand themselves wherefore there is need of expectoration But effusion of bloud forces us to endeavour astriction of the breast Syrupus myrtinus has a certain admirable property of answering both these ends Syrup of Purslane may be added Idem Meth. l. 2. c. 8. to thicken the bloud XIII All Astringents contract and close the passages and besides they knit and bind the substance of the parts that stick one to another and they doe this more or less according to the quantity of Astriction But by astringing and condensing the outside of the body which they astringe their virtue is shut out and hindred from going deep in For which reason some Physicians have curiously contrived to put other subtile and sharp Medicines into such as these whereby the virtue of Astringents may be carried deep into the body But when the Bleeding happens in places about the Stomach or Belly or Guts there is no need of such a mixture of Medicines Galenus XIV Concerning a methodical Cure Galen's advice 4. m. m. and 7. de comp med K. T. to wit that both hot Medicines and of thin parts must be mixt with Medicines for Spitting of bloud that the astringent Medicines may better be distributed therefore he advises to mix Honey He has a mind to intimate that Medicines earthy and of a thick substance which onely stop breed anxiety at the Heart W. Wedelius Misc curan 1671. obs 43. and difficulty of breathing must not be given but such as leave the motion free to the Air and check the effervescent bloud XV. Concerning Spitting of bloud I will tell you what I observed while I was in Tuscany at the Baths called Villenses I say therefore I saw several cured of Spitting of bloud and preserved from a Consumption by drinking of those Waters but I observed one thing worth the notice which is that they who drank the Water for Spitting of bloud and presently voided the Water
them is suspected XXIV Styptick water put into the Nostril not so effectual as Powders XXV How far the virtue of it reaches XXVI A Medicine put into the Nostrils that stops it in a moment XXVII Stopt by immersion of the whole body in cold water XXVIII By constant drinking of Wine XXIX After Swooning XXX By a Fright XXXI By compressing the interstice of the Nostrils XXXII By antispasmodicks XXXIII Stopt by Colcothar XXXIV By pressing it with the Finger XXXV By a Causâ—â—ck XXXVI A Secret to stop Bloud XXXVII Remedies confirmed by Experience XXXVIII The use of chalybeate Waters XXXIX A scorbutick Bleeding stopt with Spirit of Vitriol XL. Comfrey root mixt with some other things loses its glutinous virtue XLI The virtue of Laudanum Opiatum XLII Narcoticks are dangerous XLIII For what sort Ischaimous Medicines are most proper XLIV Whether stopping of the Nose be commendable XLV The way to stop Bloud when it comes from the Arteries XLVI XLVII What way Bloud following the amputation of a Limb may be stopt XLVIII Not always stopt then with a red hot Iron XLIX Prevention by letting of bloud and purging L. Whether the Patient must be kept in bed or up LI. Medicines I. THERE is a twofold Consultation first Whether Bloud ought to be stopt which is the most difficult The second How For all Bleeding ought not to be stopt but some must be stopt and some must be helped some must onely be let alone because some is very wholsome some pernicious Certainly if one bleed after a blow or a fall there is no danger in stopping the bloud Wherefore we may use Astringents and moderate Coolers Unless it happen that a Man is full for then bloud must be let or we must suffer it to run in some measure When the bloud runs onely by reason of abundance you have no reason to stop it for by letting it run the abundance is abated when that is abated the Bleeding stops of it self unless in the mean time some great Vein be broken for then there will be need of an Emplastick and Astringent such as Galen's Medicine which is one of the best When the Bleeding is because of some malignant quality either alone or with abundance then the Physician is at a stand because the case is either way dangerous for if it be not stopt by reason of the impotency of the retentive faculty which the Irritation causes it runs to faintness especially seeing he that is very cacochymick cannot bear any large evacuation and quickly faints If it be stopt because the malignant bloud cannot rest quiet in any place it falls violently upon some inner part which happens to be weakest as it fared with an old Man who after he had bled abundance of thin bloud for he looked very greenish in the face and the bloud was stopt by proper means died of a Pleurisie Therefore what must be done in so doubtfull a case Surely what Hippocrates 6. Epidem sect 3. advises When you have let it alone a little you must incrassate drily and about the part you must use a white and dry thing it may be Galls and Alume in Powder He says you must let it alone a little that is we must not presently stop it but let it run a little Certainly for what cause soever even an external one the Bleeding begins it must be permitted a little before you stop it For Bloud-letting is good not onely for a Plethory but a little for a Cacochymie a Blow and a Fall and we are willing to have the bloud run a little in any green Wound But as in Cacochymies bloud must be let sparingly because they have not wherewithall to support it so also spontaneous Bleeding must be let alone a little If therefore you see one bleed where signs of a Plethora are let him alone till the Bleeding stop of it self though the Man should faint But if a Man bleed who looks pale and green or pale or pale and black have a care you let him not bleed much or till he faint for it is very dangerous for such Men to faint But if you suffer it not to run much how will you hinder it from falling upon some part Surely by Incrassating drily Which I explain thus It happens that People are in danger two ways by abundant Bleeding and by a slow and small Bleeding For I knew a Woman who continually bled drops of bloud for above six months and while she tarried so long a time for help but sound no benefit by all the Physicians did she died We must therefore cure them both in the same method those that bleed much and that bleed little except what the different indications do require And one difference of indications here is that which is common to all other Diseases that quick Diseases must be quickly cured and others more slowly Beside this there is another difference in the manner of Cure For where the bloud comes by little and little I can by no means think it must be let alone to run by little and little but rather that that bloud should be taken from the Arm or Leg as other things do indicate by opening a Vein which would have come away had you let it alone because if you let it bleed slowly and let it alone a long time the Man will be more hurt by his custome of Bleeding than he will receive good by Evacuation of what is redundant And in this first Rule Hippocrates seems to treat of Bleeding fast But what follows But in others you must not incrassate so much but you must use a dry white Medicine such as Galls and Alume may be understood of both Bleedings For in both cases whether I say it bleed slow or fast when it is caused by a corrupt and thin bloud it is good to use things that thicken and make slow the motion of the bloud And because besides these things it is necessary to make application of things that stop we must reckon that Hippocrates in these last words understood local Medicines in the former things to be taken by the mouth Therefore he says you must incrassate drily that is use Medicines and Meats that dry and thicken And there are two sorts of things that doe this one by thickness of parts and astriction as Pap made of Starch and Lentils Syrup of Myrtles c. others make flow the motion of the bloud without thickness and astriction by giving it a certain thickness by accident by cooling or by cooling and drying the first we use for slow Bleeding the latter for sudden For in Bleeding fast it is too long to tarry for relief from eating Starch or Pears But then drinking of cold Water or a Decoction of Cinquefoil which I use very cold may do good Yet the taking of thick and astringent things does by little and little thicken the bloud and so may doe good in slow Bleeding But the use of such things seems hurtfull because it either causes
Kettle of cold water Hildanus cent 1. obs 17. so the bloud being cooled and thickned the bleeding stopt by degrees XXIX Mr. N. was subject to an haemorrhage till he was thirty years old and he was grown so weak and lean that he was very nigh death He was at length cured by drinking Wine moderately for he had been abstemious and so he came to be an old Man Borellus cent 2. obs 87. For he had been over much cooled by drinking of Water and Bleeding XXX I saw a most contumacious bleeding stopt in the most Illustrious N. by the intervention of a Swoon whereby the bloud and Spirits are powerfully retracted to the inner parts He when no remedies did him any good said he had occasion to go to stool as he arose out of his bed he swooned out of which after he came the bloud ran with far less violence And after half a drachm of Sal Prunellae in cold water had been given him the bleeding wholly stopt This Remedy is propounded by Hippocrates 3. Epidem 7. Concerning which Galen says it must be observed 5. meth 5. that swooning does good onely when the bloud runs out at veins which end in the Superficies of the body for when it comes from the inner veins as in spitting of Bloud the immoderate coming of the Menses or in wounds of the inner parts Riverius it will rather increase the bleeding by retraction of the heat to the inwards and to those parts whereout the bloud runs XXXI One was taken with a Bleeding which no Medicines would stop at length when he was put into a great fright it stopt I ordered that he should be vext and when he was fretted that a great Bason full of cold Water Panarolus Pent. 5. obs 27. should be thrown upon his Back with a great noise hereby he being immediately put into a Fright the bloud stopt XXXII Fab. Bartoletus Professor of Mantua relates how a desperate bleeding at the Nose was stopt to a miracle while he was present by a Sieve-maker within half a quarter of an hour onely with violent squeezing between his fingers the interstice between his Nostrils Thuanus also relates Rhodius cent 1. obs 91. how the desperate bleeding of a wound was stopt lib. 75. histor XXXIII A Nobleman having been troubled with frequent and violent eruptions of bloud sometimes at the sedal Veins sometimes at the Nose after several Venaesections taking of Juleps and cooling Decoctions c. at length by taking the following Powder a dose whereof he took in a Julep every sixth hour Take of Male-Poeony red Coral Pearl each 1 drachm Ivory Hartshorn Bloudstone each half a drachm Lapis Prunellae 1 drachm Make a Powder The dose half a drachm Take of Water of Black Cherries 8 ounces Balm Cinnamomi hordeati each 2 ounces Treacle-water 1 ounce Syrup of Corals 1 ounce and an half making Ligatures in certain places as is usual and then in others according to occasion both to quiet and to intercept the spasms of the Vessels was cured quickly without any relapse afterwards For I found the Disease to be merely or chiefly spasmodick for every day when he bled his pulse was weak his extreme parts cold and all his Vessels fell flat as if they had been too much emptied Moreover the Patient was troubled with a Vertigo almost continually and a tremor of the heart and a Swooning now and then or with the fear of it Truely the bloud was so far from bursting out of the Vessels through too much plenitude or turgescence that rather on the contrary the Current of it ran so low and small that it was scarce able to maintain the floud of Circulation Notwithstanding which was the very truth he often in a day felt something in his body to creep fast like wind sometime upwards sometimes downwards and oftentimes bleeding at the Nose or haemorrhoids followed the tendency of that motion so that hence one might easily conclude that the motive fibres of the bloud-vessels whereby they are contracted being affected with a spasm did inordinately hurry the bloud how low soever thither and now and then forced an eruption Willis XXXIV Things doe good that cause an Eschar as Colcothar by which remedy alone the most Illustrious the Prince of Orange was recalled from a fatal bleeding He every day bled a vast quantity of bloud at a wound which he had received in his jugular Veins and it could be stopt by no remedies but by a tent wrapt in a digestive and good store of powder of Colcothar Heurnius which was thrust into the Wound By Colcothar I mean burnt Vitriol XXXV I have read in the Dutch History that a wound in the jugular Vein of his Excellency William the First Prince of Orange was closed by laying a finger upon it and so the bloud stopt This artifice was of old proposed by M. Gatinaria Pressing Irons may serve instead of Fingers Van Horne XXXVI When a Man had in a fit of the Falling Sickness bit his Tongue where the Veins are large so great a bleeding followed that it could be stopt by no remedies and his strength was so low that he was ready to dye A famous Chirurgeon made a Pill of Wool and dipt it in Goldsmith's-Water and thrust it with a Probe into the Wound and Vein where it was open and within a little while the bloud totally stopt Pâ—terus XXXVII Truely the application of a red-hot Iron after mutilation is a horrible thing wherefore I propose a remedy which stops bleeding as if it were by Inchantment It is onely Alume of which little Tents are made and after cutting off the Limbs they are thrust as far as they may into the orifices of the greater Veins and then the business is finished with the application of many Splenia and astringent Powders So there was one who could by no means stop the bleeding of a Vein in the Arm Bâ—relâ—us câ—â—t 4. obs 30. which I immediately stopt onely by applying Alume XXXVIII To stop Bleeding even when the Arteries are cut nothing is better than Galen's Plaster made of Aloes Frankincense Hare's Down most exactly powdered and mixt with the White of an Egg wherewith the Wound is filled to stop the Arteries But if it stop not with this most pretious remedy 4 grains of Sperniolae Compositum Crollii may be given with good success and about the neck for a Wound of the Temporal Muscle c. a Plaster may be applied of which Johnston makes mention Id. Med. l. 8. tit 6. c. 2. made of Furnace Clay and sharp Vinegar of Roses spread upon a Rowler four inches broad and as often as it is dried renewed till the bleeding stop And oftentimes it stops within half an hour or sooner to a wonder Sâ—ulterus Tâ—b 2â— â—arag 11. I thought good to take notice of these three remedies because they stop every deplorable haemorrhage XXXIX Chalybeate Waters may be drunk for a month than
admirably discuss the pain of the Haemorrhoids Riverius 6. Rolfinc Leaves and Flowers of Toad-flax excell in a singular Prerogative to stop pain 7. Ointment of Figwort is good Sennertus ¶ The dropping of a rosted Eel is good For excessive running of the Haemorrhoids 1. Galen's is the most excellent and onely Remedy of Aloes Frankincense and the white of an Egg made as thick as Honey Don. ab Altomari mixt with Hare's Down and applied 2. This Medicine never failed me which is made of Steel old Sugar of Roses Claudinus and Powder of Sea-Wormwood 3. Let the Haemorrhoids be washed with the Patient's Urine for it dries wonderfully and eases pain ¶ This has been tried in several Take of Powder of Bayberries dried in the shade one drachm Cortilio drink it in white Wine every third day in the morning for three times 4. I have known the running of the Haemorroids successfully stopt onely with housleek-Housleek-water Hofmannus For the Suppression of the Piles Among things that open the Haemorrhoids I must give the preheminence to the greater Centaury root if the bloudy juice be squeezed out of it and a Syrup made with Sugar The Dose 2 or 3 spoonfulls in a morning ¶ To open the Haemorrhoids let an Onyon be hollowed and some Oil of bitter Almonds be put into it rost it in the Embers Anoint the Haemorrhoids with the juice when squeezed out Crato For the Swelling of the Piles Powder of Mullein given in Milk or in some other Liquour Sennertus is very good to waste the swelled Piles also its Juice or Syrup may be given Hepatis Affectus in genere or Diseases of the Liver The Contents The conditions of Medicines proper for the Liver I. A new way of administring Hepatick Medicines II. When Rheubarb is the Life of the Liver III. Chymical Oils are Enemies to it and the Stomach IV. It is heated by strengthening the Stomach with outward applications V. Atonia Hepatis or Want of Tone in the Liver Whether Almonds and Pistachio's be proper in a cold one VI. The Cure of an Epatick Maid extenuated and dried up VII Hepatis Inflammatio Tumores or Inflammation and Swellings of the Liver The differences of Inflammatory Tumours VIII Plentifull Bloud-letting is proper IX To what places Cupping-glasses must be applied X. When Purgatives are proper XI Whether they should be mixt with meat XII Of Liquids which are most convenient XIII Internal Repellents what such they should be XIV Wind oftentimes deceives us in appearance of a Schirrhus XV. We must have a care how we use Saccharum Saturni XVI Emollients hurt a Schirrous Swelling XVII Emplastrum de Cicuta takes away the Schirrus XVIII Hepatis Intemperies or An Intemperature of the Liver In a hot one we must not abuse cold things XIX What we must doe if it be with Bile XX. Two generous Remedies in a hot one XXI In a hot Intemperature it is good to drink when Concoction is finished XXII Hepatis Obstructiones or Obstructions of the Liver When Bloud must be let XXIII We must purge quickly XXIV How we must purge XXV Whether Rheubarb be always proper and how XXVI We must have a care how we use Diureticks XXVII Things that dissolve Tartar must be added to deobstruents XXVIII The abuse of Aperients does harm XXIX They ought to be given in a large dose XXX Obstructions of the hollow part must be opened before those of the Gibbous XXXI When Rheubarb must be used in Substance and when in Infusion XXXII Cautions in the use of Aperients XXXIII About Sugar XXXIII Hepatis Ulcus or An Vlcer of the Liver Cured by opening the side XXXIV Hepatis Vomica or An Imposthume of the Liver It may safely be opened XXXV I. THESE ought to be the Prerogatives and Conditions of things which cleanse the passages as well in a hot as cold intemperature 1. Because of the narrowness of the ways they must penetrate as Cyperus Schoinanth Saffron Iris. 2. They must open as Horehound Aromatick Wormwood Pistachio's root of Parsley 3. They must concoct and mollifie as Raisins Figs sweet Pomegranate Wine Rhenish small Wine 4. They must be abstersive as Honey Sugar 5. They must strengthen as Agrimony Wormwood Schoinanth Rue Spike 6. They must preserve from Putrefaction as Cassia lignea Calamus Aromaticus Cinnamon Myrrh Amber Lignum Aloes Rhodium and all sorts of Spices 7. They must dry moderately as shavings of Hartshorn Ivory 8. They must be specifick as Rheubarb Wolf's Liver Raisins Mat. Martini de morb mâ—sent Flesh of Snails 9. They must also be astringent correct Malignity and not easily corrupt II. The proper way to take things inwardly is the Mouth The virtue is carried with the chyle to the Heart and after to the Liver The Moderns have an Invention to infuse some hepatick Liquour into some Vein opened in the Arm It is held that by this way the Vein being closed and tied the Medicine communicates its singular strengthening faculty to the Parenchyma of the Liver being carried to the Heart and out of the right Ventricle by the great Artery into the Hepatick Artery Rolfinccius and so to the Liver III. Rheubarb is indeed the life of the Liver but to a hot Liver it is Death Riolanus because it is hot and dry to the third degree IV. Let no man wonder how it comes to pass that many do not onely find no relief but sometimes hurt from Oils Chymically prepared as also from Decoctions But let him take these true Reasons from Hofmanni prefat in Lib. de Medic. Offic. Distilled Oils which they commonly call Essences are so plainly Enemies to the membraneous Stomach indeed by consuming its radical moisture and to the Liver and other Bloud Viscera by heating or to speak more plainly by raising an Inflammation S. Pauli Quadr. Botan p. 225. that some have contracted to themselves a perpetual thirst others a bilious Cachexy and some a hot Dropsie V. The Lobe of the Liver that lies upon the Stomach is heated by hot Ointments before the Stomach it self which I admire indeed how it has always passed unobserved by famous Men in their practice Fortis VI. Altimarus denies that Almonds and Pistachio's are good for cold Epaticks 1. Because things that are easily corrupted cannot be proper for them 2. Because they are oily but a cold constitution of Liver is very much hurt by these things because Obstructions which are usually joined with them are encreased by such a quality 3. Because they are readily converted into Bile On the contrary the affirmative must rather be defended with Savanorola who prescribes Almonds among other convenient Medicines 1. Because Almonds especially bitter have a faculty to extenuate and purge the thick and viscid humours of the Liver Gal. 2. de Alim fac c. 22. and 30. Where the same is affirmed of Pistachio's 2. According to Dioscorides l. 1. c. 136. de Mat. Med. they and
breathed immediately and store of bloud must be taken away not all at one time but at several times Nor must we desist from this operation before the present pain of the Hypochondrium cease or in a great measure be abated Otherwise what remains degenerates either into an abscess or an incurable Schirrhus Almost all dye who either bleed sparingly or not till after the fifth day For a third time bleeding though it be plentifull does not cure if it be used after the humour is fast impacted into the Liver or tends to suppuration Therefore if bloud enough be taken the first or second day Enchir. Med. Pract. the Inflammation is prevented thereby if so be other Remedies be not neglected X. If there be no place for Bloud-letting Cupping-glasses must be applied yet not as some would have them to the Shoulders and Back for that were to draw the Inflammation of the Liver to the Lungs and Heart Saxonia Let them therefore be set to the Buttocks and Loins ¶ In this Disease the Ancients set Cupping glasses with Scarification to the right Hypochondrium from which I think we should abstain because they draw nothing from the part Enchir. Med. Praâ—t but on the contrary draw the Humours into it out of the Veins and so encrease the Inflammation XI In purging we must observe what part of the Liver is inflamed If the gibbous part be inflamed no Purge may be given according to Avicenna but Evacuaters by Urine If the simous part we must use things that evacuate by stool otherwise Nature will grow weak and the Inflammation will encrease Wherefore if the Gibbous part be inflamed we must give Lenitives not Purgatives unless perhaps Nature should attempt a little evacuation by stool wherefore when signs of Coction appear Nature may be helped not before for according to 13. Meth. they that Purge in the beginning make the Inflammation pertinacious If the simous part be enflamed Galen c. 14 15 and 16. l. 13. Meth. approves of Carthamus Nettle and root of Polypody We may mix some Epithymum and upon urgent necessity Galen says he gave black Hellebore with Barly Ptisan strained We may give Rheubarb if Bile abound Agarick if the Inflammation be pituitous if melancholick Senna Epithymum Polypodium black Hellebore Wherefore in our Practice we must observe that we may ascend to violent ones not in a bilious Inflammation but especially in a melancholick one Capivaccius because this may degenerate into a Schirrhus an incurable Disease XII Galen approves of Purgatives mixt with meat in the foresaid places In process of time says he when the Inflammation is concocted we may evacuate by the Belly if the hollow part be affected with Bastard-Saffron mixt with Meat and with such things as gently loosen the Belly And in the remission we may use these things more and more boldly than before and then things that are stronger than these partly boiled in Ptisan partly reduced to fine powder and these may be given even in water For I have sometimes boiled a little Polypody and rind of Black Hellebore in Ptisan Massarias l. 3. Pract. c. 13. subscribes to the same when he says Galen's way of giving purging Medicines is very worthy our notice He used to mix them with Meat and that in a twofold manner one way by boiling Food and Physick together Another way was by pounding the Medicines and mixing their very fine powder with Ptisan or other Medicines Both which ways as they are good in other Diseases so especially in an Inflammation of the Liver For when the Meat passes out of the Stomach not onely it but the Physick with it is drawn to the Liver whence very likely Purging will succeed more easily and with far less trouble And perhaps that was the Authour's meaning Lib. de vict acut 4. text 18. when he says That attractory Sorbitions must be given Wherefore in my Judgment it were the best way to revive this way of purging at this time disused Some disapprove of this because if Purgatives be mixt with meat it corrupts and therefore the parts are deprived of their due nourishment 2. Because hot things are prescribed very adverse to an inflamed Liver But 1. This reason might conclude something if Medicines were always and daily given with food But it can doe no great harm if once or twice eating do not nourish because fasting it self is a sort of evacuation 2. Though Medicines prescribed by Galen be never so hot yet they are tempered by mixing them with Ptisan and such things XIII Alteratives may be given Whey of Asses Milk either clarified or distilled Decoctions of Cichory Endive Sow-Thistle Sorrel Liverwort Clarified Juices of Endive Sow-Thistle in the foresaid decoction But I chuse rather to give 1 pound and an half or 2 pounds of water distilled off Juice of Endive Cichory or Sorrel Or Syrup of Juice of Lemons with some diuretick Vehicle For Decoctions and Juices lie long on the Stomach because they stand in need of some concoction and so coolers come to the Liver with their virtues much broken And clarified Whey does not pass so easily and distilled it acquires a fiery quality in distillation which is not communicated to nor kept by Waters which are very cooling But Galen's caution 1. acut 43. must be observed That nothing be given actually cold Fortis Cons 57. cent 3. for cold things condense the part and render the humours crude XIV If internal Repellents be given as they ought we must have regard to the form place time greatness of the Inflammation and to the use of the Part To the form for if the Inflammation be Erysipelaceous or legitimate we may at the veâ—y first use Coolers For although they may cause some Obstruction in the Liver nevertheless the danger is greater which we prevent by drinking cold water than the damage that follows for if these cooling things were not given a Consumption or â—bscess would follow The place is either the simous part then Coolers must by no means be astringent for if they bind the part affected the matter will grow hard and the bile-passage will be stopt and so the Bile retained in the Liver will increase the Inflammation Or the gibbous then Astringents are not condemned for they have a faculty to hinder the fluxion from the gibbous part to the simous and so it will be preserved from Inflammation Upon the score of the use of the part which is common to the whole things must be mixt to preserve strength If the Inflammation be pituitous or melancholick Saxonia we must abstain from astringent and very cooling things XV. Wind gathered in the Cavities of the Body that is in the Stomach and Guts and pent up if it cannot find a passage it makes its way by force through the blind connivent ducts and is diffused into the ambient Membranes of the Liver and the capillary Veins disseminated through the hollow and gibbous part of the Liver and holds
openers and purgers for example Take of extract of Rheubarb 1 scruple Tartarum vitriolatum half a scruple Mix them Make a Bolus upon which let the Patient drink some distilled Water of Agrimony in which after a while ten drops of rectified Spirit of Tartar may be dropt Fortis XXXII Purgatives must answer in proportion to the foresaid preparers and aperients among which since Rheubarb has the prerogative we must not depart from it yet observing this difference that as the substance purges the hollow more than the gibbous part so the Infusion purges the gibbous part more than the hollow of the Liver because it communicates its subtiler parts to the Infusion Let 2 drachms be infused in Agrimony-water adding a little Spike Senna and Polypody of the Oak and to the expression add some Syrup of Roses solutive Idem XXXIII We must not desist from the use of aperients till all pain be quite gone or well abated and the Hypochondria be lighter since the obstruction of the Liver is a chronical Disease and usually cannot be opened in one week nay scarce in a whole year We must be very industrious to take it away for there is the beginning and foundation of all Diseases and unless it be carefully and totally taken away it causes the corruption of the Bloud Inflammations Fevers Schirrhi divers Fluxes of the Belly Cachexy Dropsie Jaundice c. 2. A due order must be observed in giving of all Medicines Universals must always be given before Particulars and Topicks 3. Medicines must not be given till long after Meat 4. They must be Liquid that they may penetrate 5. Attenuant dissolving and discussing things besides that they must be moderate and must also be hepatick and astringent 6. In Diseases of the Liver we must not use sweet things as Meat but as Sauce after recovery but they must not be offered to any while they are indisposed Hofmannus External Topicks must never be cold but always hot or warm XXXIV One at Padua was ill of a deplorable Ulcer of the Liver he was otherwise a lusty Man and addicted to Sea-affairs The Excellent H. S. a Physician of Venice conâ—rary to the advice of the rest of the Physicians got his Abdomen opened with a Razour upon the Region of the Liver that much of the Pus might run out at the wound After which the wound was cured and the Man survived and three years after he leaped and wrought Capivaccius and found no inconvenience XXXV Some are of opinion that an Imposthume of the Liver must not be opened because according to Fernelius 6. de part Morb. cap. 4. and Forestus lib. 19. obs 10. an Ulcer contracted from an Abscess which is continually washed with aliment must perpetually be very foul nor can it ever heal seeing the substance of the Liver is spermatick and can no more be repaired than other such parts This Disease therefore since it is of it self mortal let the Physician abstain from external incision or burning lest he be thought to have killed the Man whom the violence of the Disease destroyed But on the contrary where it is not possible to evacuate the Pus by Urine or any other way Mercatus Pract. lib. 4. cap. 2. intimates that the opening of it with a red hot Iron may be practised by a skilfull and honest Chirurgeon If saith he the abscess appear outwardly certainly it is bad not to cut it because if incision be omitted the Liver is eroded by the Pus and there is no escaping of Death But if you be minded to cut it without a red-hot Iron there will be danger of an hemorrhage and the Man will immediately be destroyed Notwithstanding Capivaccius l. 3. Pract. c. 23. and Saxonia l. 3. Panthaei c. 29. give instances of the opening of it with success Some tumours come to suppuration and because the Liver is of little sense for onely the gibbous part of it has Nerves therefore crude ones cannot be distinguished from suppurable ones but in process of time For then they that suppurate especially on the gibbous part stand out sharp and indicate Section without endangering of Life as I have experienced in several although the common integuments the Muscles and Peritonaeum were cut But if it be in the hollow part it must be purged by Urine as I observed in a Nun. Which cannot be done in a Tumour of the gibbous part When it is cut a Tent may be put in dipt in the White of an Egg. Then we must use digestives as in the wound of that part Marchetti obs 52. Afterwards a cicatrice must be made with Sarcoticks and then with Epuloticks yet all the purulent matter must first be evacuated by help of Tents and leaden Pipes by which it is purged sooner and with more convenience In this manner I have cured several who at this present live well in health ¶ Hippocrates 7. Aph. 46. teaches us how a purulent Liver may be healed But almost all Men judge them desperate who have a purulent Liver The Cure I believe is not so difficult but it may be attempted with some hopes of recovery But Physicians fearing lest the Pus should be found bloudy and fetid in which case they certainly die are afraid lest the cause of death should be imputed to them I visited one whose Liver I immediately judged was inflamed and purulent Others believed he was troubled with a malignant Fever I thought to have cut him over against the Swelling to let the Pus out which remedy was derided After he was dead I ordered the place to be opened which the wretched Man while he lived pointed to as most tormented and the Coat of the Liver was found parted from the Parenchyma and in that space there were five pounds of white Pus Sanctorius as I foretold ¶ Although Hippocrates 7. Aph. 42. says the case is desperate when Pus comes out like to Lees of Oil yet we must not wholly desist from good hope seeing this seems to proceed rather from the natural condition of the suppurated Liver than from the default of heat onely because when the substance of the Liver is inflamed the heat is not such as to be able to turn the substance of it into white Pus But if you will venture on it make the hole large outwardly Mercatus and narrow inwardly Hernia or A Rupture The Contents It does not come in the Groin onely I. Whether we may rely on Medicines taken inwardly II. Rest and long lying in bed the best remedy III. The fashion of a Splenium under the Truss IV. A Truss must be applied to each Groin V. Cutting must not be tried in all VI. A rupture in the Guts cured by Section VII The way of curing one without Section by means of a Caustick VIII The Physician ought not to consent to Castration IX The new way of curing a Rupture false X. The coalition in old Men cannot be expected XI Whether Section
the Fear of Water seize a Man Which notwithstanding the gravest Authours do shew is false Avicenna and Celsus Dioscorides also l. 6. c. 39. when after the first days he rejects the Knife and Burning in the bitten place as useless but orders Sweat before and after Meal does manifestly shew that the Poison is diffused all over the body which he seems to confirm when he adds Plasters and Synapisms by turns all over the body yea Avicenna in the forecited place says that it may not onely happen that the venom may be dispersed after the fourth day but in less time Therefore in this so important a case we must distinguish if we be in the first days when the venom is yet in the Wound or is contained not far from it then Bloud-letting must by no means be used and the reasons clash For it would draw from the circumference to the centre from the small Veins to the great and therefore from the less noble to the more noble parts and to the Heart it self But if it be already dispersed then Bloud must be let as Celsus shews but not in a place near the Bite because then it is not convenient as Avicenna imitating Dioscorides shews for then there is no occasion for or benefit in such a thing but from the Arm Rubaeus in cap. 27. sect 2. l. 5. Celsi that the Poison then diffused may be drawn out of the greater Veins and the whole Body II. Bleeding is by no means convenient in the beginning as it is when the Poison has dispersed it self into the humours Fortis ¶ In Biting of Animals Venaesection is not convenient unless the venom be dispersed all over the body or there be plenitude Jac. Pon◠¶ But if an acute Fever happen Bloud must not be let within forty days but scarifying in the lower parts and opening of Veins in parts most remote from the Bite Sancta crux must be used III. They that deny the taking a Purge doe it chiefly on this score because the nature of this venom consists not in first and manifest qualities but in occult and is not cured by the alteration of the first qualities nor by Purgatives but by Alexipharmacks and things that act by their whole substance because Purgatives are enemies to our heat and therefore seem rather to waste than preserve strength Others on the contrary admit of Purgatives who indeed confess that Purgatives do not directly oppose and purge out this Malady but this is done onely by peculiar Alexipharmacks yet in the mean time they judge that they may doe this mediately namely while they carry off the vitious humours where the venom resides and so they at the same time evacuate the poison especially because this is a slow poison and tarries long in the body Sennertus IV. Rhases tr 8. ad Almans judges we must purge Melancholy in the beginning but others both Greeks and Arabians forbid it in the beginning that is when the venom does yet reside in the external parts But here we must consider how this poison gets into the body for if the poison be drawn into the body with the Lips and Tongue we may purge at first because we have no other way to get out the poison but if the poison be communicated by Biting to the external parts we may not purge in the beginning Therefore when Rhases says we may purge in the beginning it must be understood of the former case But the Greeks and Arabians of the latter when they forbid the use of Purgatives in the beginning lest the venom be carried from the wound to the inner parts of the body but then at length a Purge must be given when all things are done about the wound as they should and although when all things are done right there may be hopes that the poison will be extinct yet since it may easily happen that some portion of it may get to the inner parts this be it never so little corrupts the humours and changes them into matter like to it self And therefore these corrupt humours must be evacuated that the venom may be evacuated also and that other humours may not be infected by the venom and corrupt humours Alexipharmacks in the mean time not being neglected All the Ancients commend white Hellebore for purging and things which respect the melancholick and black humour They that fear white Hellebore may use black or Agarick Idem to which an Alexiterick virtue is ascribed V. Some proceed to the use of Antimony as by agitation and violent commotion of the humours it is able to carry off the poisonous humours from within Indeed some preparation of the humours premised for five or six days a strong Purge may be given So Dioscorides writes that one near to a Hydrophobia recovered by taking Hellebore and Oribasiuc gave a Purge every day of Coloquintida to the quantity of a Bean. We may give Electuar Diaphoenic with Confectio Hamech or Extract of Hellebore to half a drachm mixt with Cassia Which cholagogue Medicines are proper because the Canine venom contains adustion especially if the Complexion be hot and dry or the Habit of the body Lean or Cacochymick After all which Purges nevertheless store of clarified Whey must be drunk and they must often be repeated Nor must Rhases be heard by any means who contrary to the common opinion both of the Greeks and Arabians advises the giving of strong Purges not onely in the progress but at the beginning Fortis ¶ I saw a young Man lately bitten with a Mad Dog who was killed by taking an Infusion of Antimony the same day although the violence of the Poison had not as then caused a Delirium for he warned all about him from coming near him because of his inclination to bite VI. From the venomous biting of a Mad Dog fear of the Water arises in which they are killed with thirst and yet they do not drink of which misery the onely Remedy is according to Celsus l. 5. cap. 27. to throw them into a Pond unawares especially if they go that way before they fear the Water otherwise according to the same Authour there is but small hope and it is according to Experience also the truest Mistress This sort of Remedy is of such value among our country People that being content with it alone they scarce desire any other nor without good reason since the Sea cures all Nor have I as yet seen one though I have seen many who if he were timely thrown into the Sea ever found any harm afterwards But if this Remedy were either slighted or feared or used late many have paid for their negligence Tulpius obs l. 1. c. 20. VII Some if the nature of the part will bear it think the part must immediately be cut off after the example of them that being bit by an Asp or Viper have cut off their Fingers and have escaped But this seems not so
necessary seeing the venom of a Mad Dog is not of such speedy activity as the poison of an Asp or Viper and may well enough be evacuated otherways Sennertus VIII At Venice I saw a Mother and her Son bit by a house dog at one and the same time in Summer He bit the Son's thumb and forefinger of his Right-hand and the Mother's Arm a little above her Wrist and I found signs of Madness in the Dog he was leaner than ordinary his eyes red his tail hanging foaming at the mouth his tongue hanging out tinged as it were with yellow bile running up and down disorderly and then stopping on a sudden he would neither eat nor drink though his panting shewed his great thirst Thus being sure of the Madness of the Dog I went to cure my Patients 1. By intercepting recalling and extracting the venom 2. By hindring the venom from creeping to the inner parts and from diffusing it self through the whole body 3. By opposing the quality of the poison with Alexipharmacks Immediately therefore Deligation was made above the part affected an Astringent being applied underneath made of a binding Powder white of an Egg and Rose-water which we applied to the Boy while we were curing the Mother Then I ordered the lips of the wound to be scarified round about and then a great Cupping-glass to be applied with much flame Then the Wound being first washed with all Wine warm because water is very hurtfull I ordered a Plaster to be applied of Onions and Garlick bruised adding some Wallnut Rue Leven Salt and Honey In the mean time I ordered the Dog to be killed the Liver to be taken out and washed with Wine and the Medicine described by Galen 3. K. T. cap. 5. to be made and of all them that used this he never saw one dye Take of Pitch 1 pound sharpest Vinegar 8 ounces Opoponax 3 ounces Mix them according to Art to this I ordered to be added half an ounce of the Powder of the said Liver which by a specifick property draws out the Canine poison But to the Boy who had a wound in his Thumb and Finger because he would not endure Cupping Scarifying or Burning I ordered several Leeches about the Wounds and then applied the same Plaster that his Mother had I prescribed both of them a Decoction of Alysson or Madwort and Gentian in distilled Carduus-water adding half an ounce of Cinnamon-water having first given a Bolus of Treacle to the Mother and of Mithridate to the Son reformed with the Powder of Terra-sigillata vera I ordered their Pulses in their Temples Arms and Legs to be anointed every three or four hours with Oleum M. Ducis Hetruriae and de Scorpion Matthiol mixt together I did not forbid them Wine but I forbad them Sleep till night The next day I found the Mother had done all that I ordered her and the Son nothing so that the little wounds were almost healed up and seemed to be slighted nevertheless I applied Galen's Medicine to them both and ordered them the same internal things again In the mean time for the third Intention letting alone dubious things I had recourse to true Alexipharmacks the Powder of River-Crabs which are brought from Arno a River of Florence hither Take of Powder of River-Crabs 10 drachms Gentian 10 drachms Frankincense 1 drachm Mix them The Dose a great spoonfull to two I would have them prepared for the whole year And the Crabs must never be burnt before the rise of the Dog-star but when the Sun is in Leo and the Moon 18 days old in a Platter of red brass which Galen gave for 40 days They took these things for 7 days after this they began to take the Powder of Crabs in Scorzonera and Carduus benedictus water and in the mean time the Chirurgeon treated the Wounds like others yet he hindred healing of them and kept them wide open above 40 days But as the Mother was observant in all things who took Powder of Crabs 40 days kept the Wound open 50 applying in the mean time bruised Wallnuts frequently to the Wound which at the first day being given to Hens killed two after the seventh they were harmless and had no sign of poison in them so the Son was delinquent in all whom his Mother observed to be thirsty in the first days and to drink beyond his custome and out of reason who notwithstanding about the twentieth day began to abstain from drink and to be pensive and silent he began to talk strange things to loath his Meat to have the Hickup and at length having had some convulsive motions on the twenty seventh he died Fortis cent 1. cons 20. but his Mother recovered Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. The Rennet of a Whelp is extolled by Aetius in an Hydrophobia For if it be but once taken in Vinegar he says they presently desire Water In this Disease nothing is more wholesome than to drink Water which ceasing Death is at hand ¶ The onely Remedy against the Bite of a Mad Dog is root of wild Rose-tree Baricellus 2. This Electuary of Palmarius is highly commended by the Moderns Take of leaves of Rue Vervain Sage Plantain Mint Polypody Wormwood Mugwort Balm Betony lesser Centaury S. John's-wort each equal parts Mix them Make a Powder The Dose 1 drachm and an half in broth every day in the morning before Meat Blasius 3. In this Disease we may also use the Liver of the Mad Dog which is more approved when applied than given inwardly Hildesheim 4. One says that Burnet taken for several days in the morning certainly cures an Hydrophobia Maroldus 5. Dioscoridis Alyssum or Mad-wort is highly commended by all Men as is also a Decoction and Ashes of River-Crabs Sennertus mixt with good store of Dill. Hydrops Pectoris or A Dropsie of the Breast The Contents We must be cautious how we purge I. The Efficacy of Calomelanos II. Cured with Sudorificks III. Whether Tapping be good IV. The Cure by boring a hole in the Rib. V. The benefit of Diureticks VI. An Example of an happy Cure VII I. THIS must be carefully observed that when the Disease is confirmed and great store of serous humour is gathered in the Breast if a violent Purge be given these humours are much disturbed whence a great Suffocation comes upon the Patient which quickly carries him off Therefore we must act cautiously and Medicines must be given by repeated turns and they must be mixt with strong Aperients and Diureticks that the passages may also be opened and part of the ferous matter carried to the ways of Urine Among Hydrogogues those that are made of Minerals are most proper in this Disease such as Mercurius dulcis and Mercurius vitae so corrected as to evacuate onely by the lower parts Rivetius II. A Man of fifty had been ill of a great difficulty of Breathing for three months nor was
convenient manner the Liver or Spleen or both would not be afflicted with too much or bad bloud through want or delay of bleeding the indisposition of which parts a Dropsie does usually follow But whether did Galen always omit bleeding in this Disease He adversus Erasistratum cap. 5. de V. S. has these words I have often cured a Consumption and Dropsie by Bloud-letting Therefore since an intemperature of the Spleen or Liver whether imminent or already conceived uses to be greatly amended or oftentimes removed by evacuation of bloud whether spontaneous or procured by Art for this reason it ought not so readily and generally to be condemned as it is by most Men when there is some suspicion of a Dropsie or one beginning especially since Hippocrates l. de Affection n. 21. holds that Bleeding must frequently be repeated in the splenitick Vein when Men are troubled with the Spleen and inclined to a Dropsie But what drew me formerly and my Masters and other Physicians into this fear I think I may lawfully tell It was indeed an ill custome handed from one to another for it suffices most Men instead of Learning or Reason to defend themselves by common usage And a fallacious consequence deduced from a true saying of Galen's l. 2. de natur facult c. 8. and lib. 6. aph 12. Cure after old Haemorrhoids c. and from other places where he affirms he has seen many made hydropick both Men and Women upon the suppression or diminution of the Haemorrhoids or Menstrua or when they run too much whereby the Liver is cooled and its sanguifick virtue diminished Whereby it so comes to pass that it fares with the Liver and Veins in making and retaining of the Bloud as it does with the cooled Stomach and Guts in concocting and retaining food when we are troubled with a diarrhoea Hence Physicians that are not over perspicacious being deceived by the fallacy of Similitude infer that Blood-letting is not onely not safe but very dangerous for such as are disposed to a Dropsie who how badly they collect and worse connect the experiments of Art do most evidently testifie Since oftentimes a Dropsie takes them from whom neither any Bloud was taken nor spontaneously voided yea them rather who had it stopt by the suppression of the Haemorrhoids or Menses And on the contrary nothing is more rare than for a Dropsie to follow simple effusions of Bloud I call them Simple which come without any Impurity of the Bloud or Fault of the Liver as such as follow Wounds which may be proved by many Instances of such as after a Wound and after a Crisis have lost a great deal of bloud none of whom were ever taken with a Dropsie Therefore evacuation of Bloud causes not a Dropsie but the useless redundance or impurity of it by one or both of which joined the innate heat of the Liver is suffocated or abated or inflamed then Nature is stimulated and through the load and fault of that which should have been the nourishment of the Body it endeavours to expell it as its greatest enemy by the Veins of the Nostrils or the Anus or the Womb. But notwithstanding because Nature cannot always observe the stated and convenient moderation in these spontaneous openings of the Vessels hence it comes to pass that often after them especially if there be any fault in the Bloud or Liver Dropsies come as Galen said Wherefore the prime and chief scope of avoiding a Dropsie imminent or of curing one beginning or already begun must relie on those Remedies that abate the useless quantity of Bloud and correct its impurity and free the Liver from its intemperature especially a hot one to which it above all the other parts of the Body is most obnoxious Among which Remedies all Learned men agree and it is found by experience that letting of Bloud has the principal Prerogative Yet farther I suppose the use of this Remedy proposed by several may more easily be allowed me in one imminent or just beginning than in a confirmed and violent Dropsie in which nevertheless Hippocrates 11. Epid. sect 5. reckoned it not altogether useless when he orders the inner Veins to be opened when this Disease is great in intention But when the Dropsie is confirmed already and arises from some fault in the Liver or Spleen as there is no hope of the Cure of this so neither must this said Remedy be rashly exposed to calumny Which indeed though it may relieve a Man just ready to be suffocated so that Life may be prolonged a few days yet it must not be propounded or performed without signifying to the Patient what fruit he can expect from it Leonardus Botallus l de curat per S. M. c. 15. lest being bolstered up with vain hope of Cure Men blame both the Remedy and the Adviser of it V. Evacuation by Vomit because it disturbs the Belly too much and increases shortness of Breath is hurtfull to some yet it may doe some Men good if any revulsion be made from the mesaraick Veins to the Stomach and Guts or for the removal of the Cause whence the store of Serum comes especially if they be easie to vomit as also if through excessive thirst they have drunk abundance of Water for the vomiting of it up again which some give sometimes Platerus that they may presently vomit it up again ¶ We presently proceeded to vomit him for he was easie to vomit The Vomit was procured by warm Water Syrupus acetosus and Oil. We often gave on purpose three pounds or thereabout of cold Water and presently made him vomit it up again Epiph. Ferdinandus Hist 37. and so there came away a green water and at last bilious and bitter excrements He was better after vomiting VI. Hippocrates Aphor. 14. lib. 6. opens the way of Cure if Water flow out of the Veins into the Belly of Hydropicks it cures the Disease deduced from the imitation of Nature But this must be observed that it is impossible that by a weak Medicine the humour which swims below the Peritonaeum and the Guts should be drawn into the Guts For they that think they can doe this with Juice of Iris or Diutarbith or Soldanella are deceived for these things do easily carry off the Water contained in the Veins but not that which swims in the Abdomen wherefore there is need of Elaterium I mix some grains of it with Pilulae Aloephangini or else I give a small quantity of Euphorbium mixt with some Cassia newly drawn Heurnius ¶ If he purge too much give a little Opium with Treacle and Syrup of Citrons for when Sweat is caused the Purging stops Idem VII Always in giving of Purges it must be observed that strong ones be not used too often as Galen 9. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 shews because they debilitate the Body so that a greater quantity of Water gathers Therefore Strengthners and Openers must be oftner prescribed than
discharging of the Abdomen As to this first of all it is manifest that no immediate passage is open from the Ascitick Pond though near to the Kidneys but what water soever is carried from the Abdomen thither it must of necessity be received back into the mass of bloud and then be poured out of it into the Urinary sink But how small a matter is it that the mouths of the Veins opening upon the superficies of the Bowels if they open at all can receive And this is all that Diureticks can doe they make the bloud by melting it and driving its serosities plentifully to the Kidneys when it is emptied to draw the water fluctuating in the Belly to it self In the mean time there is no less danger lest Diureticks given unseasonably while they put the bloud too much into fusion should drive the Serum forced to separate more into the nest of the Ascites than into the Kidneys and so rather increase than remove the floud in the Belly for it has appeared by frequent observation that it usually so falls out Wherefore when Diureticks are prescribed for the cure of a Dropsie we must have a great care of this contrary effect Truely it is for this reason that from the authority of the Ancients and practice found by experience Astringents and Strengthners are always mixt with Hydropick Medicines not that such things confirm the tone of the Liver as is commonly said but they preserve the crasis or mixtion of the bloud from being dissolved with too much fusion Wherefore in an Ascites which comes chiefly or partly because the frames of the Bowels and vessels and especially the Coats Glands and Fibres and the Interstices of them are stuffed with a serous humour and greatly swelled thereby as Catharticks so also Diureticks are proper and are often taken with good success inasmuch that is as by taking of them the Mass of bloud the Serum being copiously derived to the Kidneys that is emptied does take in by the mouths of the Veins the water stagnating near them and conveys it to the Urinary passage But on the contrary in a mere Ascites where the floud of water overflows the cavity of the Belly when the texture of the Bowels is free from any serous obstruction Diureticks are given either in vain or inconveniently inasmuch as they get nothing out of the pond of the Belly and by often putting the bloud into fusion do force the Water that is apt to drop in Willis with more impetuosity XV. All Diureticks are not equally proper for an Ascites and must not be given indifferently for we may observe that they who are troubled with this Disease do for the most part make little Urine but red and lixivial which is a sign indeed that the crasis of the bloud is too strict in such from a fixt and sulphureous salt exalted and combined together and therefore the Serum is not duely separated in the Kidneys which yet is left about the turnings and windings of the obstructed inwards and so discharged into the cavity of the Belly Wherefore in this state onely such things must be given to provoke Urine as do so restore and amend the constitution of the bloud that the enormities of the fixt salt and sulphur being removed the serous part may be separated and more plentifully discharged by the Kidneys For which purpose not acids or lixivials but things endued with a volatile salt are designed For I have often observed in such Patients when Spirit of Salt and other acid Stagma's of Minerals and when Salt of Tartar Broom and the deliquia or dissolutions of other things have done rather hurt than good that juice of Plantain Brooklime and other herbs abounding with a volatile salt also the expression of Millepedes have done much good Idem for the same reason Salt Nitre highly purified or Crystallum Minerale often does good XVI Oftentimes the Dropsie is caused without any fault in the Liver because of the weakness of the Kidneys which should draw the Serum and these passages cannot be opened by any the most generous Diureticks Therefore we must endeavour to cleanse these parts the neighbouring especially and also to restore the lost faculty by Fomentations Riolanus XVII But while Diureticks are taking Clysters must be given frequently of a decoction of Mercury Soldanella Centaury Fenil Bayberries with some Hydragogue Electuary Fortis Cons 69. cent 33. or Mel. rosar solut XVIII Men commonly reckon that Diureticks in a Dropsie do carry onely that matter to the Urinary Vessels which may fall into the cavity of the Belly and not that whith is gathered there already for it is no way possible for it to be evacuatal by Urine because if the matter residing in the cavity were to be evacuated by Urine it must of necessity enter the Viscera again which is impossible But this fear is without ground for they may be given with great benefit as they are able not onely to derive the serous matter which is as yet contained in the vessels and is about to run into the Belly but also to draw back into the Veins and Lymphatick Vessels that very Water which restagnates in the cavity of the Abdomen So Rondeletius c. 36. l. 2. saw a Woman in a Dropsie cured by flux of Urine But we must know 1. That the body must be purged before and made fluid 2. That they have this advantage that they can at the same time free the inwards from obstructions of which number are Spirit of Salt Urine and its Volatile Salt Spiritus aperitivus Penoti Tinctura aperitiva D. Moebii Salt of Wormwood coagulated with the Spirit of Salt Fel vitri with a decoction of River Crabs c. Helmont has noted a passage lib. de potest Medicam Sect. 32. which agrees with this I perceived saith he that all simple Salts pass by Vrine and the Guts and in the mean time dissolve the filth in these passages and make the expulsive faculty mindfull of its office 3. That they must be frequently used 4. That they must be often changed lest Nature accustome her self to them 5. That they must be given in Powder 6. That we must abstain from them in an Anâ—stomosis of the Veins and colliquation of the humours Hofmannus XIX Amongst hydragogue Medicines drinking of the Waters is chief And of all these the Spaw-water is best which promises certain health to Hydropicks even confirmed for it carries off the redundant water in the Abdomen by the way of Urine and wonderfully restores lost strength to the Stomach Liver and to the rest of the natural parts and so confirms it when restored that a Man after taking of this water repeated several times every day perfectly recovers his lost health XX. Sudorificks are reckoned among evacuating Medicines which as in an Anasarca they always doe good so in a Tympany and an Ascites sometimes they doe harm If that is driness of the Liver as it often does give
ascribed to the Physician Hence Rhases his Errour easily appears who thinks we must onely use tapping in the progress of the disease whereas then Inustions are rather convenient which are proposed by Avicenna Albucasis and Celsus Fortis XXX Moreover we must observe that the Belly must not be opened with a red-hot knife for the Peritonaeum is inflamed as I have experienced Panarolus ¶ Nor must it be done with a Caustick for when a great and round Eschar is made the water will come out at the large hole made within with such violence that no dam can check it One was applied against my mind to the Noble Mr. Alexander de Karsy a famous Lawyer in Geneva the day before his death which but that it anticipated he had died at the first gushing out of the water for when he was dead and the penknife thrust into it the water could scarce be stopt by applying the Thumb When we looked on the place to which the caustick stone had been applied it had passed all the integuments to the Peritonaeum with a wide hole and had not this by its thickness hindred which in Hydropicks is observed to grow very thick he had died immediately XXXI Concerning this operation it must be observed that Hydropicks must not be tapt unless an Ezomphalos or a starting of the Navel appear Nature as it were affecting that way for the discharge of the water Otherwise all that are opened when the Navel is not prominent die And this prominence of the Navel may be procured by Art by setting dry Cupping-glasses with much flame to the Navel and also by emollient and drawing fomentations which in three days or thereabout cause a prominence Formius ad Riverium in which Tapping may be administred XXXII Modern Practitioners say something must be evacuated morning and evening but this way of evacuating to me seems pernicious for I saw the water once so let out and the Patient died in two days And I think the onely cause of his death was the taking away of so little water For when the way was once made the water trying to get out rushes upon it with great violence and lying with all its weight on the wound does fâ—rther debilitate the part which is debilitated with section already Thence 1. There arises a great difficulty in retaining the water which being retained by viâ—lence endangers a Gangrene as it happened to him I spoke of 2. What benefit is there from so little evacuation for in the belly of one that is perfectly Hydropick 30 or 40 pints of water are contained and what relief can evacuation of half a pint give But it is my judgment 1. That a great quantity should be taken away about half or at least a third part and till the Belly fall remarkably In the mean time lest the Patient should be weakned by the loss of so much he must be refreshed with oil of Cloves Cinnamon-water c. the next day about two or three pints must be taken away and the third day again but ever less and less for because the parts have so long a time been accustomed to the water therefore I think the last of it should be left a good while but the first should be taken out much at once to the end Nature may presently find manifest relief For then especially there will not be so great difficulty in keeping the water there will not be so great a weight of water upon the wounded and weak part and it will not be necessary to thrust in tents and pipes so hard with pain or to press the wounded part so violently And that there is not so great danger in evacuating the water at once examples of several do shew from whom it has burst either of it self or by accident so that it has almost all run out and yet they have recovered Thus we heard lately here at Lovain how almost all the water burst out of an ascitick Woman at once in a very short time and yet she recovered Fienus XXXIII In Hydropicks the coaâ—s of the Peritonaeum grow very thick yea in success of time they acquire a cartilagineous hardness Barbette which in tapping of the Abdomen is very necessary to be known XXXIV They who refuse Tapping admit of opening the Scrotum but the bowels must be safe and the strength good which being turgid must be opened with a Penknife or a Lancet and afterwards must be kept open with a Seton Sometimes a Gangrene comes but this not always of any great moment Hildanus cent 1. obs 48. for so way being made the water runs out more easily and such cutaneous Gangrenes are not so difficult to cure ¶ A Black-smith in the year 1653. afforded me an instance in whose Scrotum when it had swelled after a Dropsie Pustules arose and the water of the Abdomen ran out that way upon which a Gangrene followed in the Scrotum of which he was cured by the industry of Mr. Sabourin a Chirurgeon of Geneva He survived it three years and when the Dropsie came again through a bad Diet he died XXXV According to Aetius we may sometimes prick the Scrotum with Needles into which water is fallen and experience shews this remedy is very good A Seton is made with a red-hot Iron wherewith the skin of the Scrotum is perforated Therefore we may either use pricking or a Seton according as the Patients admit of the one remedy rather than the other Capivaccius XXXVI Hollerius has a new way of getting out the water in Dropsies he says that one escâ—â—◠〈◊〉 a Dropsie and Death it self by cutting his Nails of his feet and hands to the quick But with how much danger this cure is accompanied appears from Henric. ab Heer obs 12. who affirms that an hydropick person about fifty years old when he had cut his Nails of his feet to the quick was presently taken with a Gangrene and not long after he died XXXVII Scarification of the legs was a famous remedy among the Ancients H. Saxonia out of Alex. Benedict lib. 15. cur Morb. does commend the Scarifition of the Skin on the Abdomen But in the Ankles and Legs he advises to abstain from it for fear of a Gangrene Yet Langius confirms it by his own experience and advises to remember well the remedy of Scarifying the inner Ankle Which experience I also found true about five years ago in a Man who after he had been ill of a double Tertian with a delirium afterwards fell into an Ascites and when no other remedies would doe good he rashly of himself ventured on this scarifying of the Legs For Water came out thence Frid. Hofmanâ—us and he bore it very well He is now about 70 years old and lives well and free from any disease XXXVIII In our time at Padua the water ran so abundantly out of two cuts in the Ankle that the Woman presently died And when bloud
Rhodius 〈◊〉 3. obs 17. the fountain of heat is subtracted sometime a Gangrene follows XXXIX If Medicines doe no good Physicians use to have recourse to the remedies propounded by Celsus and Aetius that is Mercuriâ—â—o to Issues in both Legs near the Ankles by which being kept long open the Water that would otherwise by its weight fall upon the lower parts is in a long time discharged ¶ I made Issues in the Legs of an Ascitick below the Knee whence an incredible quantity of yellow Water was voided and hereby he was cured yet not neglecting in the mean time remedies that were able to strengrhen the Bowels He kept his Issues for many years till they dried up of themselves nor did he die for some years but at length it killed him ¶ Hildanus obs 42. Glandoralu cent 6. being asked Whether Issues were proper in a Dropsie When saith he the inner parts have been a little relieved and cured by proper remedies an Issue may be made in both Legs in the right Leg at least without any danger but besides the internal parts will be purged by means thereof from excrementitious humours to the great advantage of health But because the swelling of the Legs seems suspected to the Gentleman It will not be amiss before the Issues be made to bind the Legs tight beginning at the foot and so proceeding to the Knee Yet before this be done it is proper to put the Legs in a decoction made of Wormwood Centaury Scordium Sage Betony wild Marjoram Rosemary Juniper-berries and the like with Water and Salt and in the evening especially when he goes to bed But in the Day-time especially when he goes abroad and exposes himself to the open Air it is best to apply dry things Hitherto Hildanus XL. Scarification according to Asclepias his judgment is propounded onely about the calves of the Legs near the Ankles yet he orders it to be deep that all the water may conveniently be evacuated by degrees But Leonides as Aetius relates is of the same mind with Hippocrates and approves of Scarification not onely about the calves of the Legs but also about the Thighs Scrotum and the Arms. Alexander Benedictus to whom others also adhere commends these Scarifications upon the Belly under the Navel in the same place where Tapping is performed It is confirmed by manifold experience that these Scarifications do wonderfully help Hydropicks and the water is got out without loss of stâ—â—â—gth But as Scarifications of the Abdomen and Scrotum may be celebrated without danger so Scarifications of the Belly and Thighs in a great oedematous swelling and violent cooling of the innate heat are dangerous and easily turn to a Gangrene It is therefore my advice when the heat is very languid Saxonia to abstain from them XLI Some advise the applying of Blisters to the inside of the Ankles But it is safest to abstain 1. Because little moisture is discharged 2. Patients usually complain of Pain about these parts 3. The Sores cannot be healed up before a perfect Cure since the Ulcers of Hydropicks 6. aph 8. are incurable 4. There is great danger of a Gangrene Hildanus cent 1. obs 48. relates a history of a Gangrene arising upon the use of Blisters Platerus has also observed that one can scarce be prevented when Blisters arise of themselves Septalius rejects them C. Piso de Morbis à colluvie serosa found the event of them fatal Hildanus cent 6. obs 43. advises them XLII I have found by long experience that Infusions or Decoctions made in Wines do operate safer and better than any other forms of Medicines and that a Dropsie if it be possible to be cured is best cured with them Platerus XLIII Clysters for Dropsies must have no Oil in them Rondeletius or onely a very little Oil of Rue XLIV Camerarius a Lawyer lay ill of a dangerous Dropsie He begged of Packischius his Physician to let him have some Herrings Packischius consented but on this condition that he should take no potulent matter for the space of two hours after he had eaten them The Patient obeys And what then He at length had occasion to make water and made such a quantity that he continued making it for almost a quarter of an hour and his Belly began sensibly to fall more and more D. Bucretius also confessed that he cured three People of Dropsies by the continued use of Herrings onely for several days and weeks Sennertus and ordering little drink XLV A Boy 12 years old hectick ascitick and leprous laboured of a putrid Fever he was under the care of no ordinary Physician But when his Medicines would doe no good I am called We could scarce tell where to begin Besides he had a Pain in his Liver It was our Advice that he should eat bread made of Spelt with water of Ashes some Fenil-seed and half Wheat-flower The way of Cure was Juice of Cichory with Powder of Madder and Spike He came to that pass that he made 10 or 12 pounds of Urine in a day and so he was cured Cardanus XLVI Remedies that are used with most benefit near the places affected are Clysters and Plasters The first do without the fusion of the whole mass of bloud which strong Purges do raise draw the Serum out of the vessels and glands of the Guts and Mesentery which being thereby emptied do a little imbibe the extravasated Lympha To this purpose the following Clyster is very good inasmuch namely as it both vellicates the intestinal fibres and draws the Serum imbibed by the bloud or contained in it before towards the Kidneys Take of the Urine of a healthy Man that drinks Wine 1 pound Venice Turpentine mixt with the Yelk of an Egg 1 ounce and an half Sal Prunellae 1 drachm and an half Make a Clyster Let it be repeated every day Plasters sometimes doe good in an Ascites Yet they must be such as by their restringent and strengthning virtue do strengthen and bind the mouths of the vessels that they may not spue out the serosities too much For this purpose I often use to apply Emplastrum Diasaponis with good success to a swollen Belly Willis XLVII In the use of Topicks which are applied to the Belly we must have a care of the Region of the Liver for oftentimes they are very hot and the Liver would be overheated by them and weakned But that they may doe no hurt the Region of the Liver must be guarded with some Unguent as Santalinum c. Chalmetaeus XLVIII The bruised flesh of Earth-snails applied to the Belly is very good with which Dioscorides advises to mix the Shells which that it may more conveniently be done they must be reduced to powder first and it may easily be done for they are very brittle But if we would mix the Shells with them as some advise it is best first to reduce them to Ashes because they are not so
is more easie to be had than Broom and it is well accounted of in this Disease I usually order 1 pound of its Ashes to be infused in 4 pounds of Rhenish-wine cold adding a pugil or two of Leaves of common Wormwood I order 4 ounces of the Liquour strained by filtration to be constantly drunk by the Patient in the morning at five in the afternoon and at night By which Remedy alone I have seen Dropsies cured which have been reckoned desperate in such whose Constitution has been too weak to bear purging But when the water that we may hasten to the second Intention which is the proximate cause of the Disease is now wholly evacuated we are come for the most part but half way of the Cure unless the weakned bloud which was the first original of the Disease be helped by long and constant taking of heating and strengthning Medicines whereby a new product of water may be prevented For though it may so happen to young People oftentimes that when the water is well purged out they recover without any other Remedy because their natural heat being then rid of the load and pressure of the water may supply the place of the said Remedies yet in elder People or them that have no very sound habit of body it is altogether necessary that presently when the evacuation of the water is finished they have recourse to the use of those Simples that heat and invigorate the bloud Among which those things I have formerly recommended in the Cure of the Gout whether they respect the Remedies themselves or the six non-natural things besides those which shall afterwards be spoken of are proper unless that Wine from which we must wholly abstain in the Gout does not onely no harm in the Dropsie but a great deal of good if it be used for Mens ordinary drink seeing these two Diseases agree in this that the same strengthning Medicines oppose the original cause of either of them Moreover to satisfie this intention of which we are now treating namely the strengthning of the bloud whether the evacuation of the water be procured as before by a Diuretick a Purge or a Vomit it is altogether necessary that the Patient as much as the case requires be obliged to drink Wine while he is under Cure so he begin not to drink Wine before the passages be a little opened and way made for the water or at least strong Beer instead of Wine seeing all thin and cooling Liquours how pleasant soever they be to the Palate which is ever in a manner thirsty in this Disease do make the Patient more phlegmatick and augment the water these therefore must seldom or never be allowed And on the contrary generous Liquours so they be not distilled spirits promote health so far that sometimes they alone restore it when lost as in the beginning of the Disease before the Belly be much stretched with water especially if they be impregnated with heating and strengthning Herbs For the poorer sort whose Purse will not afford better Medicines strong Beer in which a sufficient quantity of root of Horse-radish Leaves of common Wormwood garden Scurvigrass lesser Centaury and tops of Broom have been steeped is by my Advice used for their ordinary drink and may serve instead of all For the richer sort Canary Wine may be impregnated with the same bitter Herbs a draught of which may be taken twice or thrice a-day among the forementioned Medicines Or if this please not the Palate so well Wormwood-wine may be drunk in its stead of which the Patient may take nine spoonfulls after taking two drachms of the digestive Electuary described Tit. de Arthritide Book I. at Medicinal hours that is morning four in the afternoon and night This Electuary far surpasses any other strengthning Medicine in satisfying this Intention But here it is of great moment that the Patient drink sparingly of any small Liquours seeing all of them whatever they be give increase to the water so that wholly abstaining from drink has cured some And therefore if the Patient must sometimes be indulged these Liquours he must drink them very sparingly Notwithstanding because this Disease is accompanied with great thirst which abstaining from small drink does increase it will be proper for the Patient to wash his mouth often with cold water sharpned with spirit of Vitriol or let him keep some Tamarinds in his mouth or chew Lemon but swallow neither of them because of their Coldness which is not so proper for the Disease But among strengthners Steel in the Cure of a Dropsie beginning deserves not the last place for it invigorates and heats the bloud Which is the reason why Garlick is so good in this case for I have known a Dropsie cured with it onely omitting Evacuaters by other Mens Prescription not mine For it must be observed that the Dropsie which has onely swelled the Feet or the Belly also but moderately does not presently require a Cure by Emeticks and Catharticks but often gives way to these said heating and strengthning Liquours But above all things it must be seriously observed that whenever we set upon this Disease onely with strengthners or Lixivials also the Patient must by no means be purged either with a gentle or strong Purge so long as we are endeavouring to strengthen the Bloud For a Purge will pull down what a strengthner has built up which every one must be forced to acknowledge who has observed that the Swelling which by the use of strengthners began to abate does presently increase after Purging For although when we desire to satisfie the intention of getting out the Water it would not be amiss also now and then to give strengthners yet when our whole business is to strengthen the bloud it is altogether necessary to abstain from Catharticks It is to be observed also that the Patient is not always cured though we satisfie both Indications that is though the water gathered in the Belly be wholly got out and Heaters and Strengthners also be given afterwards to prevent a new product of Water For it often happens that an Ascites which has lasted many years by the long incubation of the Water upon the Inwards has perverted and as it were perboiled their substance And has utterly corrupted both the Bowels themselves and the neighbouring parts breeding preternatural Glands and Bladders turgid with Sanies and turning all things contained within the cavity of the Abdomen into a kind of putrilage as Dissection of Bodies of such as have died of an inveterate Dropsie has made manifest When the Disease is arrived at this height it contemns all the helps of Art as far as I see Nevertheless it is the Physicians duty since he cannot certainly know what harm is done to the Inwards as yet to endeavour the cure by all means by Evacuating as well as Strengthning Medicines And he must neither be discouraged nor must he discourage his Patient We must endeavour to doe this
Sydenham Tract de Hydrope for this reason especially because in many Diseases when the matter of them is discharged Nature who watches and provides for our good day and night does wonderfully endeavour of her self to guard and defend the Patient from the pernicious relicks of this disease Wherefore every Ascites how inveterate soever and how much mischief soever it hath done to the Bowels must be treated in no other manner than as if it were just begun What he says of External Remedies you have more at large in other Authours passages out of whom you may reade before Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians Aetius 1. A spoonfull of burnt Cow's-dung taken in a pint of Wine every day is very good Claudinus 2. A Toad split and applied to the Kidneys of one in a Dropsie wonderfully voids the Water by Urine ¶ One Man insensibly wasts the Water of Hydropicks by a secret remedy by applying the Stone of a Water-Snake to the Belly Benedictus 3. The flesh of a dried Hedge-hog does peculiarly help this disease if it be beaten and drunk in old Wine 2 drachms of it must be taken every day 4. A Woman was cured with this decoction onely called Syrupus S. Ambrosii It is made thus Take of Millet excorticated 2 drachms spring-Spring-water 2 pounds Boil them till onely 5 ounces remain Strain it Put as much White-wine to it Give it hot to one in a Dropsie She was well recovered and she sweat plentifully Crato and she took it 8 days 5. I have experienced that the juice of Iris crude not boiled Gordonius cures any Dropsie which is curable by humane help 6. Mullein is a specifick herb for a Tympany 1 scruple whereof with a decoction of Seed and Root of Fenil expells Wind egregiously Grembs Hypercatharsis or over-purging It s prevention and Cure A Hypercatharsis comes when the Purgative being disproportionate in quality or quantity works more violently or longer than it should both as by too much irritating the nervous fibres it drives the animal spirits into excandescencies not easily appeased and as it in a manner melts the bloud and humours so that what is separated from them being discharged into the cavity of the bowels makes the excretory irritations yet greater The therapeutick method respects both the prevention and cure as to the first before Physick there is need of great consideration and care in the operation of it and after it For first of all we must well consider both the constitution of the body to be purged the strength and custome and the nature of the Medicine to be given its dose manner of operation and the ordinary effects then comparing things together we must proportionate the virtue of the agent according to the tolerance of the Patient 2. While the Physick works the parts for concoction the bloud and animal spirits must be kept free from any other perturbation Wherefore at this time neither gross viscous nor much food which molests the Stomach must be given The meeting with the external Cold whereby the pores of the body may be stopt must carefully be avoided finally the mind must be kept quiet and serene void of care and of severer studies 3. When the Physick has done working both the excandescence of the animal spirits and the effervescence of the bloud and humours must be quieted to which ends an Anodyne Medicine or a gentle Hypnotick must be given but if omitting or notwithstanding this care a Hypercatharsis follow Purging the Patient must presently be put in bed and be thus treated First of all let a Plaster of Treacle or a somentation with Flanel dipt in a decoction of Wormwood Mint and Spices hot and wrung out be applied to the region of the Stomach and the whole Epigastrium Then let him presently either take a Bolus of Theriaca Andromachi or a solution of it made in Cinnamon water Then a little Burnt-wine diluted with Mint water must be given frequently by spoonfulls If Griping be troublesome a Clyster may be given of warm Milk with Treacle dissolved therein In the mean time warm Frictions and sometimes Ligatures must be used to the external Limbs whereby the bloud may be called outwards and be kept from too great colliquation and effusion into the cavity of the Bowels Then in the evening if the strength be good and the Pulse strong enough a dose either of Diascordium or liquid Laudanum may be taken in some proper Vehicle Willis Hypochondriaca Affectio or The Hypochondriack Disease See Melancholia BOOK XI The Contents Whether opening of the Haemorrhoid Vessels be proper I. The necessity of preparing the humour II. Preparatives must be different according to the Humour and the part affected III. Sylvius his preparation IV. The order to be observed in preparation V. Sweats and Acids doe harm in the preparation VI. They must be different according to the difference of the Crudity VII When we must use gentle and when strong Aperients VIII We must not insist long on preparatives IX Whether Vinegar may be admitted X. Medicines of Tartar sometimes doe harm XI We must purge one way in an Acid another way in a nidorous crudity XII They must not be purged whose innate heat of the Stomach is weak XIII Sometimes we must purge violently sometimes gently XIV Women bear strong Purges XV. Detergents must be given after strong Purges XVI The virtue of Antimony in conquering a rebellious one XVII All Purgatives are not alike proper XVIII The efficacy of Clysters XIX Sometimes Suppositories are to be preferred before them XX. When Vomits are proper XXI Purging must precede it XXII Whether Spaw-waters be proper XXIII Taking of Chalybeates is beneficial XXIV Better than Bath-Waters XXV We must abstain in the beginning from strong Diureticks XXVI They are good in a splenitick Disease XXVII We must have regard to the inner parts XXVIII Whether Asses Milk be convenient XXIX Cautions in taking it XXX Whether the rumbling of the Hypochondria hinder the use of it XXXI How Whey may conveniently be taken XXXII Spiritus Vitrioli Martis is good XXXIII Elixir Proprietatis is good XXXIV Whether Crocus Martis be usefull XXXV Antimonium Diaphoreticum does good XXXVI The efficacy of Volatile Salts when there is a sense of Strangling XXXVII The use of Capers XXXVIII Wind must not be dissipated with hot things XXXIX How we must help hurt Concoction XL. The Stomach must not be strengthned by Applications XLI The efficacy of Fomentations XLII The usefulness of Baths XLIII Sulphureous ones sometimes doe harm XLIV Anointing the Hypochondria useless and hurtfull XLV With what caution Stoves may be used XLVI The cure of a Loosness coming upon the use 〈◊〉 Aperients XLVII Crocus Martis sometimes causes Belching Xâ—â—â—â—I Emulsions doe little good XLIX How the effervescence of the Humours which is the cause of many Symptoms may be checkt L. The causes and cure of a sense of Suffocation and Strangling LI.
In the progress of the Cure if there be any necessity to empty the Sink of the Belly it is better to doe it with Suppositories than with Clysters lest a Vapour arising from thence might increase the Pain Martini XXI Sometimes when the Disease continues long Reason teaches us we must procure a Vomit in such as are used to it for vomiting has been often found to cure those whom purging could not It may be procured first of all by gentle things by and by when they will doe no good by stronger yet such according to Aetius as create no trouble to the Belly and Stomach For Experience as well as Aetius has taught us that several upon taking violent Vomits without the violence of any other causes Idem have fallen into Melancholy ¶ Oftentimes a Vomit especially of Aqua benedicta cures one beginning for by this means the filth being got out of the Stomach and parts adjoining renders the Cure more easie which afterwards must wholly be emploied in opening obstructions Aperients therefore must either be given before or after Vomits It must be left to the Physician 's prudence whether to doe which is here of great moment since the success of the Cure depends thereon Hartmannus XXII Hippocrates 2. de morb sect 3. v. 248. in the Cure of the Drying Disease which is the hypochondriack Disease begins it with evacuation downwards and then finishes it with vomiting upwards The reason is because evacuation must be begun in that part which is next the Disease so that in Diseases infesting parts below the Diaphragm we must begin with purging downwards but with vomiting if the Disease be in parts above it according to Aphor 184. Which must be understood when the Disease wants both evacuations Because therefore in this Disease the part affected is below the Septum transversum for the parts serving the natural faculty especially suffer in this Disease for that reason he begins with purging downwards Which way of Cure is consonant to reason For 1. We must first evacuate the parts next to the Disease both because as Celsus l. 2. c. 9. says the matter which prevails in the parts next to the place affected is more malignant than that which abounds in the rest of the Body wherefore it must immediately be evacuated by the next way that it may more readily be carried off and lest if it be carried off by a long journey the whole Body be infected 2. Lest going a contrary course the matter remote from the part affected be drawn thither when it is disturbed by Physick and thereby the Disease so increase that it either kills the Patient or afterwards will not give way to Medicines Martianus Com. in cum locum Practitioners go the contrary way to work XXIII Concerning the drinking of Spaw-waters there is no small clashing among Authours Some as Sennertus do altogether approve of them because by the Minerals from which they derive their virtues they both wash the first ways and carry off the vitious humours that lodge in them by stool and urine heat the Stomach and strengthen the Liver and Spleen But yet heating and drying may be feared from the external use of these waters not the internal Others as Claudinus wholly reject them for their said drying faculty Montanus both rejects and admits them He thinks they are good for the coldness of the Stomach an inseparable Companion of this Disease but upon account of a hot Liver and Bloud he will have the Liver and Spleen and all the region of the Loins guarded with a refrigerant This way he says the waters doe no harm because they fix more in the Stomach and cold parts and onely pass through the other parts and make no tarrying there I think they are good if a cold Stomach have gathered abundance of thick and viscid Phlegm and if there be no great heat in the Liver the hurt of which part may in a great measure be avoided by applying a cooling Ointment and giving some cooling Broth after drinking of the waters and after the complete taking of them by using a cooling and moistning Bath for some days Riverius XXIV It is made a question by some Whether the use of Steel be proper For since this Disease proceeds from a dry humour and if it be black bile a hot one also Steel seems unfit to conquer it besides its virtue is to make the Belly costive and dry But though these things be so yet long and frequent experience shews that Steel is an approved Remedy for the Hypochondriack Disease Cachexy in Women from obstruction of their Menses and for other Diseases arising from pertinacious obstructions of the Spleen and Mesaraicks and therefore to be much valued Among the Ancients see Pliny lib. 34. c. 15. Aegineta lib. 3. c. 49. Dioscorides lib. 5. c. 53. Aetius Tetrab 3. s 2. cap. 11. Oribasius Rhases and others Among the Neotericks Claudinus Respons 29. de ingr ad inf in Append. sect 2. Mercatus de Morb. Mul. l. 2. c. 6. and others Sennertus XXV I say Steel is as it were the proper Alexipharmack of hypochondriack Melancholy because by using of it I always find happy success for in opening obstructions on which the whole stress of the cure lies it comes behind no Medicine For it is temperate in the active qualities but in this Disease we must abstain from proper Aperients which are hot in the third degree for fear of an Inflammation Therefore Galen says that Hypochondriacks are helped by cold things And its driness since it does good by cooling need not be feared since that may be amended by Conserve of Borage c. or by taking of Ptisan before Supper Therefore I prefer it before Bath-waters which cannot so conveniently be corrected Claudinus XXVI But such things must not be used at the beginning as strongly move Urine lest they carry the vitious matter out of the first ways to the Liver or Vena cava increase the Disease or cause one in the Kidneys Or lest the more subtile parts being carried off the grosser which are turned to Melancholy should remain Rondeletius ¶ Hollerius rejects them for another Reason that is because there is no communication or passage from the Spleen to the Kidneys But modern Anatomists shew a passage See Laurentius Qu. 38. and there is a very convenient passage from the Spleen to the Kidneys by the emulgent Arteries Besides experience testifies that often black matter is discharged by Urine to the Patient 's great benefit I observed this a year ago in a Noble Lawyer who being subject to obstructions of the Hypochondria and Spleen after three days pain at his Stomach made water for two days time like Ink in colour and consistency to his great relief Yet in giving of Diureticks we must according to Capivaccius his mind keep within bounds and both in discussing and moving Urine we must proceed without much heating Aetius admits
that remove the excrements and thrust them down with their weight Fortis VII Several Authours testifie that Quicksilver may be taken without any harm for by its weight it does disintangle and loose the Gut that is as it were tied on a knot thrusting down the hardened and stopping excrements H. ab Heer 's affirms he has often seen it given without any harm when it has been often strained through a leather it being voided in a moment and carrying the excrements along with it After taking of it he presently gave a Clyster of pure Crete Wine by means whereof he has saved several that have been ready to die of the excessive tension of the Colon. ¶ Paraeus says several have been cured by drinking three pounds of it onely in water but so great a quantity is suspicious for there is danger of extinguishing the innate heat by its cold and of the concretion of the bloud in the veins Some give two ounces in a rear Egg but one has had very good success ¶ Petrus Pena as Velschius obs 43. relates cleansed the Quicksilver from the leaden part by boiling it with Wine and Vinegar and then passing it through a leather then he tied it in a bunch with a thread in a thin parchment wherein Gold had been beaten he inclosed an ounce and an half of Quicksilver so purified and covered it with a glew made of Gum Tragacanth and when it was dried in a gentle fir◠he took off the thread and gave the Patient the Pill to swallow dipt in Honey or Syrup so the glew being presently dissolved in the Stomach the Quicksilver purged plentifully One was cured by twice taking such a thing VIII Hippocrates 3 de morbis propounds as the last Remedy blowing into the Belly by a Smith's bellows after which an emollient Clyster with trochises of Alhandal should be given that the excrements may be got out Aurelianus disapproves of this Remedy because the Wind that is forced in with the Bellows may doe harm by its coldness Yet this Remedy is good upon the experience of Amatus Lusitanus cent 1. obs 100. and of Epiphanius Ferdinandus who saved the life of J. Altimarus his Son by it when he was ready to die of the Iliack passion For it does not onely good by untwisting the Guts but by opening a grievous and contumacious obstruction by dilating the Gut IX In the twisting of the small Guts much cold mere Wine must be given according to reason till sleep or pain in the Legs arise Hippocr 2. epidem sect 6. He shews a very fine way of curing an Ileus and one that I have often experienced not of every one but of that which is caused by a gross Wind distending the small Guts or carrying the hard excrements to the small Guts or by a cold Juice settled there For nothing will better cure such an one than mere Wine for it concocts crude things extenuates gross ones dissipates Wind digests and carries it through the Body Wherefore either by concocting or dissipating the cause or thrusting it into another place it cures this Disease For Wine uses to cause sleep or pain in the Limbs and both these things are wholsome in this Disease Sleep indeed because by rest and indolence the faculty is refreshed and the heat being called inwards the cause is concocted The Pain in the limbs or joints because when such an Abscess is made the former Disease uses to cease as we have it very observable in Gouty persons There is scarce a Disease from which they are not freed when the Gout comes upon them For according to Hippocrates it is impossible that all things should be in pain at once Therefore these very Reasons convince us that Wine is good because it causes sleep and pain in the Legs and when it does either of these things it is enough For if in these pains Stupefiers be often usefull because they cause sleep which yet are otherwise hurtfull to the Disease How much better is Wine then which is both sommiferous and of it self good to take away the cause of the Disease Yet it will not doe these things every way but that it may be able to doe them effectually give much of it and mere Wine for diluted or in a small quantity it neither causes sleep nor pain in the Legs Much of it if it be given all at once cannot be kept but will presently be vomited up again or if it were kept it could not be concocted by the weak faculty therefore it would grow sowre and being turned to Vinegar it would increase the Disease Therefore much mere Wine must be given by little and little by frequent and small draughts so it will be kept and be concocted and will help to concoct and doe other good offices Vallesius X. In a Twisting of the Guts from sharp and malignant humours Aetius commends Treacle after Vomiting to whom all his Successors adhere But I should recommend Treacle or other Alexipharmacks onely when the poison is cold for in hot poisons you must rather use Milk or Whey mixt with water of Sorel Terra Lemnia or some other Alexipharmack but cooling Saxonia XI It has been observed sometimes when several Clysters and very strong ones have done nothing that external emollients of the Belly by fomentations anointings c. have done much good Emollient Clysters also may be given Nor would it be useless to take emollient things by the mouth as Oil of sweet Almonds fat Broths with Mallow or Marsh-mallow boiled in them Seeing that Maid in Matthaeus de Gradibus cap. de Vomitu who in the Iliack passion vomited up both Clysters and Suppositories was cured with fat Broths when other Medicines had been used in vain And although such things should be rejected by Vomit once and again yet the taking of them must be continued For so when the fibres of the Guts are relaxed their perverse motion is quieted Sennertus XII In an Ileus from Inflammation I do not at all commend a Bath administred to the whole Body though Rondeletius approves it for if it be cold it drives the humours inwards if hot it melts and colliquates them and renders them inclinable to the place affected As Galen also 12 meth cap. 3. has observed But a Bath is convenient in an Ileus from hardened Excrements whether it be of Water altered with Emollient things or of Oil. Saxonia XIII When the Disease is an Inflammation in the small Guts sharp Clysters are not proper lest the excrements be drawn to the part affected from the remote parts nor over detersive ones lest by irritating they increase the Pain It is hurtfull also when a great quantity is given which reaches almost to the part affected Rondeletius XIV If the Rupture of the Guts be so great that when they are got out at a little hole they cannot get back again by the same hole and cannot afford a passage for the excrements downwards it
occasions an Inflammation and Gangrene which are often increased or produced by fomentations applied amiss and overhot as also by a preposterous and violent rubbing of the swelled part and by the violent forcing back of the swollen Guts Sylvius XV. A young Man twenty four years old of a melancholick constitution fell into the Colick which after many things had been tried in vain degenerated into the Iliack passion with straitness about the Heart he swallowed a leaden Bullet of 2 drachms weight well covered with 1 drachm of Quicksilver and lest it should hurt his Jaws or raise a Ptyalism it was artificially wrapt up After three hours he broke wind and had ease Mâ—lchior Fribe in Misc cur on 1672. obs 96. and the fourth hour there followed two stools in which he voided above six pounds of matter of party colours yet he recovered without any harm XVI A poor Woman after an ill course of Diet fell into an obstruction of the Belly which lasted three weeks so that she brought up the excrements at her mouth as in an Ileus Divers things were used without any benefit At length she often drank the Juice of Bardorffe Apples that were rotten to about six pounds upon which she grew loose and the Woman narrowly escaped Death XVII If the Iliack passion be joined with a Rupture a supervening mortal sign whereof is the vomiting of the Chyle and Excrements when the Gut Ileon is slipt into the Scrotum after the falling down of which Hippocrates never saw any Man recover the onely way of Cure if there be any is as soon as the violent pain of the left side of the Scrotum reaching vomiting and such things have convinced you of the Gut Ileon being slipt Then without delay the very same day the ligament or vinculum inguinis must be cut in sunder with a Razor that is where the peritonaeum is joined with the Groin by a coat Duretus comm in Holletium or the testicle of the same side may be cut out Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. A Decoction of Dill is admirable good though Men do vomit after drinking of it Bread must be put in warm water and immediately warm pieces of it must be give to eat Aegineta 2. This gives great ease Let 4 ounces of Wine of Crete and 16 ounces of Oil be boiled together to the consumption of the Wine this given for a Clyster mitigates pain causes sleep softens the excrements Benedictus and breaks wind 3. The Bloud of a Bat anointed on the hypochondria by admirable experience is reckoned to stop the pains of the Twisting of the Guts Joël 4. They that are held of this Disease are wonderfully relieved although they vomit their ordure if they eat pieces of hot bread dipt in oil They will be saved though they were in a manner dead Oribasius 5. Spirit of Turpentine given inwardly egregiously dissolves the Tartar and causes the Excrements to descend and pass the natural way Petraeus 6. If the Disease come from thick and viscid Phlegm a Decoction or Infusion or Water of Radish is highly approved and also strong Wine in which inciding and attenuating Herbs have been boiled Rhudius Inappetentia or Want of Appetite The Contents Phlegm which is the Cause of it must be heated by little and little I. It requires rather the correcting some fault in the Liver than in the Stomach II. Whether Spirit of Vitriol recovers an Appetite III. See Diseases of the Stomach BOOK XVIII I. BILE and Phlegm especially hinder the sense of Appetite Concerning Phlegm it must be observed that it as it is cold indicates heating things yet it must not be done all at once and on a sudden lest the humours being suddenly dissolved breed wind and be distributed into the whole Body and cause obstructions wherefore here we must act with caution and first of all we must take care that the Patient eat and drink sparingly and use an attenuating Diet. Salt Meats also may be given the first mess because Salt has an inciding and attenuating virtue and afterwards things that have a detersive faculty may be used such as the decoction of Cabbage boiled but a little But first of all to attenuate let Oxymel be given with a fourth part of Honey of Roses afterwards that Medicine which is called Diatrion Pipereon and that the simple which is onely made of the three sorts of Pepper for although Pepper heat violently yet it is of thin substance and parts which are therefore quickly discussed and therefore doe the Liver no harm Sennertus II. Loss of Appetite and loathing of Flesh especially follows the excessive heat of the Liver for Physicians are under a mistake who when their Patients loath Fesh so that they can scarce bear the smell of it think the Stomach is onely ill Flowers of Cichory must be given either preserved with Sugar or fresh and the obstructions of the mesaraick Vessels must be helped For Flowers of Cichory do not onely help a hot Liver but they excite the faculty of the Stomach and free from obstructions ¶ Roots of Cichory especially the wild have as much virtue in them and more Crato III. There are some who perfectly abhor the use of Spirit of Vitriol as appears from Sylvaticus controv 48. and others who infer several inconveniences from the noxious qualities of common Vitriol not prepared and not separated from its impurities but to no purpose for it is one thing to consider what Galen and Diascorides say where they onely speak of crude Vitriol another to consider prepared Vitriol of which there is great variety so that it alone to several Hermeticks may seem sufficient to furnish an Apothecaries shop The question here is concerning Spirit of Vitriol which is now-a-days frequently used That it conduces much to check great putrefaction both Experience and Crato apud Scholtzium do testifie though greater caution must be observed in dry Bodies than in moist We likewise daily experience that it does much good in a dejected Appetite then especially when the internal parts of the Stomach are as it were lined and obstructed with pituitous and mucilaginous excrements so that the Spirits which cause hunger that is the innate heat of the Stomach is oppressed and rendred unfit to perform its operation As it contains in it self a penetrating inciding and cleansing virtue so it attenuates digests and consumes the mucilaginous matter and crudities Wherefore consequently it excites the hungry Spirits that before were buried as it were which produce the usual effects in extimulating the sense of the orifice and breed hunger Horstius Infantium Regimen or The Regiment of Children The Contents The umbilical Vessels must be tied neither too strait nor too loose I. Whether Children new born should be washed in hot or cold Water II. They must not be swathed too strait III. Whether the Mother's milk be always best IV. Whether new
evacuated by a mixture with which in the body before it is polluted He instances them that give suck in whom because they have their Menstrua but seldom a Cacochymie grows in their body One that gave suck in Hippocrates 2. Epidem Sect. 2. had Blisters all over her body but when she gave over suckling they went away in Summer If therefore suppression of the Menstrua even in them that give suck be a cause of Cacochymie Why are Nurses desired who have them not For is it not better to have them every Month than that the bloud should be foul Vallesius replies Since there cannot be an expulsion of the excrements without a separation before all the bloud must of necessity be disturbed every month at the time of excretion which we know from antecedent pains of the whole body and when it is disturbed the Milk must be spoiled It is better therefore to chuse a temperate Nurse and to procure good juices for her than from her menstruous purgation to expect the purging of the bloud with its frequent disturbance Beside there is order in the work of Nature Since therefore menstruous bloud is the principle of generation when it appears nature inclines to another birth wherefore she begins to be unfit for the former and therefore the Child must be put to another Nurse But if there should be no more Nurses to be had but onely one who has her Menses every month while they are upon her let her give suck as little as she can and let her avoid it more a day or two before they come which is the time of secretion than when they are come VII Some condemn little Breasts and not without reason because they breed less Milk And I know not why great Breasts should be counted bad for they afford a large quantity of Milk which may be good And it is not the capacity of the Breasts but their temper which alters the Milk VIII Let the Nurse wholly abstain from Venus for it disturbs the Milk draws the Bloud to the Womb whereby the Milk is spoiled and the quantity of it abated Yet Varandaeus allows it to such as live with their Husbands lest their longing disturb them And we see Mothers who live with their Husbands and lye with them do yet suckle their Children without any harm Bonaciolus writes Primirosius that the Mother's Milk does not corrupt if she conceive by the same Man IX Whether is it good for Children who are taken with any disease presently to change their Nurse as it is for other bodies when they are taken with any acute disease to change the course of their Diet into a more spare one and take another who has a thinner Milk Here first of all it must be considered on what occasion the Child began to be sick for if from an external cause whether Meat or Drink or Air it seems a vain thing to change the Milk that is familiar and friendly into an unaccustomed one at a time when the strength is least able to bear an alteration of custome In which case though in other Diseases it be not necessary to change if the disease be acute in which the accustomed food how friendly soever must be changed into a thinner it is convenient to chuse a Nurse which has a thinner Milk which indeed is not so necessary in diseases that are not so violent nor so acute and because of the gentleness of the symptoms waste the strength but little But in acute diseases or if the Child be ill through some fault in the Milk whether that come from some disease in the Nurse be it from the temperature of the Breasts being destroyed or from the diuturnity of giving suck or from alteration of the diet or life or from her being with child or from a sudden fall or from any other cause either because the Milk is not so pure and choice as it was at the beginning or be not convenient for the Child when grown as it was before then indeed without any delay we must change the Nurse for one who has a Milk like to the former if the Disease be of small moment but if it be an acute one for a Nurse who has a very thin Milk such as the violence of the disease requires for the reasons alledged For when children are ill I cannot commend the endeavouring to correct the Milk in the same Nurse by Medicines or Purges for it will be much more spoiled and in hopes of future health we give the Child far worse aliment And therefore it will be better to change the Nurse than to add one disease to another For it is certain that what diseases come from diet are amended by diet and what do not come from thence do not increase thereby But when the Child refuses to take the Breast any longer then indeed you are bound of necessity to attenuate and correct the Milk in the Nurse her self not indeed by Purgers when the Child is sick but by alteratives towards that quality which is contrary to the Disease or towards tenuity as is necessary in acute diseases for you may extenuate it by feeding the Nurse with Parsly Fenil c. and by moderate exercise But if any salt or bitter taste or the like be predominant in the Milk I should rather chuse to change the Nurse than endeavour in vain to correct it Mercatus X. The usual food of Children when they are weaned is Pap made of Flower Wheaten especially and Milk of a middle consistence between a Solid and a Liquid although it come nearer the former for it cannot be supped Because of its viscidity for which it cannot get through the narrow passages it is the Authour of many diseases especially of Obstructions For if a most tenacious Paste be made of Flower and Water for external use what may not be made of it by addition of viscid and thick Milk It will certainly make a food difficult of concoction and stopping Some endeavour to amend this fault by long boiling to take the crudity off the Flower But by that means the Whey which gave it a little fluidity is exhausted the butyrous part remaining which is viscid and tough and the caseous which is the gross and earthy portion of the Milk Others by mixing it well and stirring it make Pap with a gentle boiling lest the Whey should be lost from whence it has a virtue to permeate and loosen the Belly But neither thus is the mischief avoided for the Flower remains crude incoctible and insuperable And this is the way to make it not onely proper for children but for the use of the Kitchin of which an easie dish may be made by mixing it with Milk Broth c. Take Barley or Oaten-flower put it in a Bag of thick cloth boil it in a Kettle for twelve hours so as that the Water may be always above it keeping down the Bag by laying a weight upon it When the Flower
permits the loss of the Nose an Ear or Eye without danger of Life Why may she not use the same liberty in her spurious productions J. P. Willius Act. Danic ann 74. obs 83. A Child was brought to me over both whose Eyes and all its Forehead there were soft red excrescencies I undertook the Cure and I quickly cured the Child of them all with good success And this is not the onely Swallow I have seen Obstructiones or Obstructions LXXXVII Whether is it necessary to give Purges before Aperients to all that are troubled with Obstructions Which many Physicians religiously observe without any distinction Whereas it is evident from the methodus medendi and from certain experience that obstructed Bodies rarely admit of purging Medicines before the obstructions be a little opened because Purgatives draw the disturbed humours to the parts affected far more than other Medicines whereby the Patients are far more hurt for the parts so affected can neither receive them nor suffer them to pass through which uses to prove grievous besides they often vomit up their Purges or the Purges do not work and they bear them ill and sometimes a Jaundice follows We must conclude therefore that for the elder sort it is both usefull and necessary to Purge because usually there are excrements gathered from a bad course of Living which unless you Purge before you give openers you will doe far more harm For all that are troubled with obstructions are voracious especially the greater and Females Moreover you must Purge those bodies in which the juices are not distributed because of obstructions do redound and wander to and again in the passages of the Ducts of which nature these juices are In all which but with prudence we must take care to Purge with such things as the region in which these superfluous humours are and the nature of the humours do require so the Medicine draw not the humours from far nor be given in a large quantity for this would be vomited up again and the other would draw to the parts obstructed which because they are obstructed cannot receive these juices and it may be feared that the body may be disturbed and grow worse But in Children and in all others who abstain from bad and abundance of food it is not always necessary to purge their bodies but either having first made them vomit their crudities or given Clysters or Syrups that are moderately extergent and concoquent we may safely give opening Medicines especially when for some days before a spare and a legal course of meat and drink has been insisted on and when the Medicine has Steel in it for that Medicine exerts its virtues and operates onely in the parts where it is received and not in those that are remote as other deobstruents do which pass to the organs of Urine and to the Womb for it tends downwards to the belly and cleanses those ways although by its sulphureous faculty it communicate its virtues to other parts without any damage But if there be much excrements in the first region or for some other reason or to satisfie the vulgar make no matter of purging by turns when you give a deobstruent Medicine every fourth or fifth day For to purge all indifferently before taking of deobstruent Medicines Mercatus or to purge none at all is erroneous LXXXVIII It is sufficient for such as have a cold Belly and abound with crudities to give a little Honey of Roses seven or eight days before taking of the foresaid Medicines especially if you add a little of the decoction of Cinnamon Sassafras or Fenil with a draught of very hot water And then I use to recommend exercise the same days early in the morning And Fomentations will be of great use which may be applied every third day to the Belly and parts obstructed of a decoction of Capers Wormwood Dodder of Time Chamaemil c. If the Liver be out of order the taking of Syrup of Cichory de duabus radicibus cum aceto with Water of Grass or Sowthistle or Scorzonera Nor will it be improper to add an ounce of Water of Rheubarb that something may be cleansed and not purge violently But if you have a mind to open the Spleen it will be proper to give Syrup of Hops Liverwort and Byzantinus and Borage with Water of Tamarisk And for those that are so held I do not disapprove of mixing something purgative withall such as a decoction of Penny-royal or an infusion of 2 drachms of the pulp of the Seed of Carthamus in a rag for whom also Fomentations applied to the region of the Spleen will be good Idem LXXXIX When the Body is prepared the Question is Whether it be always convenient to open obstructed Bodies with Medicines which have Steel in them Or Is it sufficient in some to use those things which the Ancients recommended for this purpose In which case indeed I think it is sufficient for them that cannot use vehement exercise and it is confirmed by many experiments to take Medicines which have no Steel in them for Steel Medicines require laborious exercise and the others not The virtue of Aperients and the form of the Medicine supplies the defect of Exercise or a very little suffices Whence it is evident that these aperients are more proper and safe for Children unless the obstruction be so old and stubborn that these will doe no good Idem then the urgency of the case forces us upon chalybeate Medicines XC And we must show how we prepare and give Chalybeate Medicines I advise in this tender age to give some aperients without Steel for several days but if they doe no good then we must be necessitated to give things with Steel in them If therefore we must begin with them let the body be exercised some days before giving one spoonfull of Honey and drinking a little water after it Chalybeates are made either 1. In a potable form in manner of Syrup or 2. In form of an Electuary or 3. In a solid form You may make a Syrup of the froth of the Steel which arises from a decoction of the Limature several times washt made in water of Grass Hops Hartstongue adding to the water and the froth juice of Apples Cichory and Hops with Sugar or Take of water of Tamarisk Grass Hops Dock-root each three ounces In these quench half a drachm of filings of Steel red-hot heat the like quantity of filings of Steel again and quench them in the same water and doe so five times with new Steel Give 1 ounce of this water to Children and make a Syrup of it with juice of Hops Borage and Cichory and give one ounce and an half An Electuary may be thus made Take of Quodiniack of Scorzonera three ounces Syrup of Maiden-hair 2 ounces Powder of Bezoar-stone 1 Scruple Powder of Diamarg and Triasant each 2 scruples Mix them But I must tell you it is necessary for a few days between
whiles to give a little Rheubarb-water which is thus made Take of water of Hops Grass Maidenhair or Cinnamon two pounds Infuse three drachms of Rheubarb powdered with Syrup of Cichory or Scorzonera or three or four spoonfulls of Syrup of Cichory with Rheubarb for it wonderfully carries off the superfluous humours of the belly and mesentery by stool especially if you add a little of the decoction of Seed of Carthamus In taking of which Medicines you must observe this order that the Child either before taking of this Medicine in a solid form drink a draught of diuretick water warm or after it And a thing which I rather approve of is to sleep a little upon it as long as may suffice to dissolve the Medicine and then to use exercise ¶ Specificum Intutropham Idem used much by the Physicians of Schafhausen will answer all intentions Take of White Sugar-Candy two ounces Volatile Salt of Soot half an ounce Root of Florentine Iris 2 drachms Root of Aron prepared Diaphoreticum Joviale Diaphoreticum Martiale prepared Crabseyes each 1 drachm Mix them Make a fine Powder If you add Anniseeds Nutmegs M. Th. Zwingerus or Cinnamon each half an ounce you will have a Powder inciding and dissolving viscid humours tempering and absorbing the acid and austere ones The dose from five grains to half a Scruple in some Syrup morning and evening XCI In Children that are troubled with obstructions of the Mesentery if they be not lean nor cholerick nor have a hot Liver and be not thirsty but have a soft flesh a cold Stomach squeamish and inclined to Vomit full of crudities and if the obstructions consist of Condensated Phlegm I think it very wholsome to give a little Wine namely as much as is sufficient to recall the Heat into the Bowels to attenuate gross excrements and help the Obstruction of crude ones whereby Obstructions and Accidents are far better cured than by any other remedy which I find by faithfull experiments and instances But if you give it once a day is enough not mere Wine Mercatus but mixt with a little boiled water Oris Inflammatio or An Inflammation of the Mouth XCII Whether is Honey of Roses good for an Inflammation of the Mouth It is affirmed because Medicines wherewith it is mixt have in regard of the Honey an abstersive faculty and in respect of the Roses a cooling one But some suspect the taking it 1. Because of the hot fiery quality of the Honey 2. Because it is readily turned into bile 3. Because it is rather proper for Phlegmatick Diseases I answer 1. The hot quality of the Honey is tempered by the Roses by reason whereof it is cooling as well as detergent Wherefore 2. It is not so easily converted into Bile as if it were alone Horstius And 3. An afflux of Phlegm is joined with it Pavores or Frightfulness XCIII Whether is Wormwood good for frightfulness It is affirmed by reason the juice tempered with Sugar is proper for the antecedent cause namely corruption of Meat in the Stomach Nor is it any hindrance that Wormwood as they say affects the head and by heating may increase the exhalations and may cause sleep before the time which causes this evil For addition of Sugar corrects the first mischief when it is made into a Syrup Therefore 2. If it be taken after a right manner and season the other mischief need not be feared 3. Nor need unseasonable sleep be feared here because it corrects the cause of it Horstius Scabies or The Itch. XCIV Let Mothers have a care that they cure not the Itch in Children whatever part of the body it be in unless it corrupt the eyes ears nose and such parts My eldest Son till he was seven years old had not one speck of his body wherefore I often foretold that some sudden and mortal disease would seize him And indeed being taken with a stoppage of Urine he died the seventh day of the disease of a great inflammation of the Kidneys and parts adjoyning which turned to a Gangrene Nature to wit not being able to purge the body of vitious humours by the Itch they in the seventh year as by critical expulsion fell suddenly from the head breast and other parts upon the Loins In my practice I have met with several diseases internal and external in Children in whom either Nature had not expelled the Itch or it had been cured violently Therefore let the honest Physician abstain from Medicines And if there be a necessity let the Pain of the Itch in Children be mitigated onely with fresh Butter Hildanus or with it washt in Rose-water or with Creme ¶ Children are very often taken with an Itch in their hands and feet when the rest of their limbs are untouched by reason of their voraciousness which if you should heal with Litharge Quicksilver Oil of Bays and a little Brimstone as Empiricks doe you may presently cure them of the Itch but you will put them in present hazard of their lives because you partly hinder the circulation of the bloud and partly repell the excrements of the third concoction as when you anoint on the cutaneous veins and arteries Simon Pauli ¶ In this sort of Ail the Parents always desire help of Physicians or old Women But if any one will but consider it seriously beginning with the nature of the thing he will find nothing more needless than a Medicine for it for by applying any all we doe is but to weaken the Childrens strength so that the recrements being kept in grow more furious and it may be fall more violently as they often do upon the principal parts Wherefore I judge the cure of this present Ail and the care of the internal recrements must be committed to Nature onely because she alone will insensibly by little and little and most securely separate those vitious recrements from the nutritious substances and will insensibly also transmit what is amiss into the ignoble parts that is into the Skin nearest to where they are most prevalent And when she has bred much good aliment and very little bad excrement remains she takes care to dry up the foulness transmitted to the Skin and makes it separate and fall off the Skin remaining whole and sound underneath which will receive no more because there is nothing remaining to be separated and if there be anything it is either destroyed in the place or the Skin being whole digests and dissipates it and permits it to go out freely without making any abode there so as to turn to the Itch as it did formerly By which prudent Patience alone I have known several Children restored to their perfect health and beauty whereas I have seen others ruined by using unseasonable and useless remedies XCV But let no Man think that it may not be holpen by any means nor in any case Let a Man consider that if with the recrements there be any
be frequently stirred which is not necessary when the matter is not fixt And he orders burning upon the Joint which has no place in the case preceding except when the Pain fixes pertinaciously in some one place Nor does he reckon it always necessary upon the joint but where the pain fixes and it flies sometimes in one place sometimes in another And he burns with raw Flax and Fungi Idem Ibid. Concerning which see Book XIX Tit. de Cauteriis XI Mr. N. was tormented with a cruel and almost incurable pain of the Sciatica in his right Hip. Divers and very violent Purges were given him Blisters were drawn Opiates given a Vein opened in the Foot but all in vain supposing the pain arose from a cold cause and thick phlegmatick humours But observing that his Stools were very cholerick and that there was a pulsatil pain and inflammation in the Abdomen I altered my method of cure betook my self to coolers and advised drinking of the Waters hereupon the cure went on with great success so that in two days the inflammation was gone though the pain was not quite abated And when I observed the pain was vagrant that it sometimes caused a straitness about the Mesentery and sometimes fell from the Hip into the Leg I supposed the Disease came from abundance of thick and hot bloud which trying to get out and not being able to doe it creates so great trouble therefore I advised and the rather because I understood that he had formerly been subject to the Piles the applying of Leeches My advice was followed five Leeches were set to the haemorrhoid veins which when they were full of bloud being besprinkled with Salt and Ashes they discharged about six ounces of bloud The bloud looked red and very thick Aug. Thonetus void of all Serum After this the great pain invincible by other things vanished XII The Sciatica is sometimes bred of Bile and hot Humours which indeed may be known when the Pain is very sharp and pricking and the fits are sharper every other day the party is lean of a cholerick constitution young the Countrey and season hot the pain is exasperated by hot things and bilious diseases have preceded Then Medicines must be directed for Bile and a hot intemperature Therefore then there will be convenient Phlebotomy Purges for Choler sometimes gentle sometimes strong adding Diagrydiates that the morbifick matter may be carried off cooling Juleps emollient and cooling Clysters Milk Bathing c. Always taking care to avoid aperients Incrassaters should rather be chosen Riverius such as are proposed in a hot and thin Catarrh Narcoticks Laudanum given both at the Mouth and in Clysters XIII Hippocrates lib. de affect mentions a Sciatica from the driness of the Joint By Driness do not understand a dry intemperature of the solid parts constituent of the Joint it self but a consumption of its glutinous humidity whereby it is naturally nourished and made supple for better motion If it happen that this humidity be dried up by any cause then the motion is hindred with pain Hippocrates l. 3. aph 16. tells us that such Diseases come in dry constitutions He that will cure these Diseases every external and preceding cause being removed let him endeavour the restitution of the natural humidity let him prescribe a Diet actually and potentially cooling a Bath of Water with Sheep's Head and Feet Mallow Marshmallow c. boiled in it P. Salius Diversus walking gently and emollient Ointments Let all sorts of evacuation be avoided XIV A Porter in violent cold weather stood with his Legs in Water for several hours upon which a violent pain reaching from his Hip down his Thigh and Leg took him so that he could not go After a Clyster had been given him he was bled in the Arm on the same side the next day he took a strong Purge for three days following he took every morning of Spiritus Theriacalis 8 drops in Carduus Benedictus Water Riverius which Sweat him violently and his pain was taken away Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Aegineta The Herb Sciatica Cresses perfectly cures this Disease 2. One was afflicted with an intolerable Sciatica he applied Nettles boiled in Beer for a Cataplasm Fornanus and he was rid of his pain to a miracle 3. I have not found a better Medicine than a Plaster of Pitch and Brimstone ¶ Rub the place with Juice of Onion then strow on it Powder of Pepper and Nitre and tie on a Sponge Forestuâ— wet in a Decoction of Cumin and Calamint in Wine 4. This is experienced Whip the place with a Nettle till it be red and wash it with Spirit of Wine Hoëâ—erus 5. St. John's-wort drunk for forty days cures the Sciatica admirably and if two drachms of its seed be drunk it Purges the Belly and cures the Pain Marquardus 6. Root of Reed bruised and applied to the pained place is admirable good as also Ashes of Reed Mercurialis 7. Cowes Dung made hot and applied does much good Vatignana Ischuria or Stoppage of Vrine The Contents In a legitimate one which is best to use a Catheter Section or an Escharotick I. One arising from an Inflammation of the Perinaeum does not admit of a Catheter II. Giving of Clysters sometimes cures it III. The Catheter must be dextrously put in IV. It is hurtfull where the Bladder is inflamed V. When it is inflamed we must use coolers and repellents sparingly VI. The cure of one coming from a Tumour of the Bladder caused by a Catarrh VII Cured by pricking the Bladder VIII A Narcotick proved mortal IX Whether the putting in of a Silver Wire with Cotton Wool be to be approved of X. Diureticks are hurtfull XI Sometimes a large Catheter goes in more easily than a less XII Cured by making Incision in the neck of the Bladder XIII The cure of one coming from a Caruncle in the Urethra XIV From a Stone sticking in the end of the Penis XV. In a desperate one the Cure of Cantharides is safe XVI Cured by large Bloud-letting XVII The use of a Wax Candle to get out Vrine XVIII Sometimes it is stopt through some fault in the bloud the Organs being unhurt XIX The removing of a little Stone which stops the mouth of the Bladder XX. How a Stone got into the Orifice of the Vreter may be removed XXI The virtue of Volatile Salts in a bastard Ischury XXII Medicines I. IF a stoppage of Urine can be removed by no safe Remedy but see it be proper that is that the stoppage be not made above the Bladder there arises a Question Whether a Catheter must be forcibly put in or the place must be cut as for the Stone or an Escharotick Medicine must be applied and then a hole made For always in deplorable cases any way though not safe if there be any hopes in it may better be tried than the
and so better resist driness Aetius says many have rid themselves of this Disease by being gelded By this means I cured a young Man this year who was begun and gon a little in this Disease Rondeletius VII A red-haired young Man and cholerick came to me with his skin torn into deep clefts all over his body All my life time I never saw a Man more leprous He had taken seven courses of a decoction of Guaiacum forty days at one course upon which he fell into a perfect Leprosie He having a very hot Liver naturally which was turned almost to ashes with so many hot Potions I prescribe him the use of Mountain Crystal prepared to take half a drachm every morning with Juice of leaves of Water-lily Currants and Barberies industriously avoiding Sugar and sugared things drinking after it some Whey with a little Sal prunellae Then I laid him on a straw bed deep under a Mill to receive upon his body the dropping of the very cold water not heated either by motion or the heat of the Sun And when he had done this for an hour and an half before Supper several days H. ab Heer Obs 22. he grew sound and very well VIII Mr. Schipanus a Physician of Naples told me that Prince Caraffa used to eat the flesh of the Foal of an Ass for the Cure of the Leprosie Some think Asses flesh causes it as Ballonius l. 2. Ephem p. 187. This indeed is hard of concoction but the Flesh of the Foals is better and more tender which therefore Hippocrates 2. de v. rat says does quickly pass And it may be for that reason it cures the Leprosie or by its tenacious aliment it amends the fault contracted T. Bartholinus hist 33. cent 6. for according to Pliny l. 18. c. 17. Asses flesh is good for consumptive persons IX One that was troubled with this took several Medicines to no purpose he took white Hellebore At length he recovered by taking Cucumbers Heurnius He ate them pickled all the year round X. The Leprosie above all other chronical Diseases requires variety and vicissitude of Medicine And in this Disease if in any a truce and intermission from all Medicines must often be allowed the Patient Then the same things must be repeated and new ones added For scarce ever any Man recovered who relied on one onely Remedy though never so generous Palmarius XI In the year 1675. in the month of September an Italian by Nation was suspected of a Leprosie Abundance of Scurf fell all over him he was hoarse had a stinking Breath and was very lean He had taken a vast deal of Medicines at length Salivation was prescribed him but a Diet first of China and Sarsa And in a short time he perfectly recovered though the Disease had got a head Lepra Groecorum or The Leprosie of the Greeks See Habitus Affectus BOOK VIII The Contents Onely the great Remedies are proper I. The Bloud must be sweetned II. Waters coming from Iron effectual III. To whom a decoction of Woods may be given IV. Chalybeate Medicines alone not efficacious enough V. Whether Salivation doe any good VI. If it come upon a Dropsie what must be done VII The excellency of eating of Cucumber VIII Purging Waters are good IX Vitriolate Waters are good X. What sort of Medicines made of Vipers are good XI The Cure of an Itch that accompanies the Venereal Disease XII Topical Medicines alone doe no good XIII Whether sulphureous Baths be proper XIV Liniments must be applied by degrees XV. Those made of Mercury suspected XVI I. THE material cause of the Scab or of the Leprosie of the Greeks is not merely a cutaneous humour because of Infection taken from without or because it is depraved and degenerated from its crasis upon other occasions but the Pustules at first arising about the beginning of the Disease seem to arise from hence that some acido-saline Concretions like Tartar in Wine do happen in the mass of bloud which when they cannot be conquered nor dissolved are driven here to the Skin as in the other case to the sides of the Cask In respect of the conjunct Cause there are two special Indications of Cure namely that the Impurities of the bowels and humours may be quickly purged and that the acido-saline Dyscrasies of the bloud may be regulated for which ends Medicines both evacuating of divers kinds and altering use to be prescribed Yet because not all but onely the great Remedies in a manner are used we shall therefore subjoin in this place those that are most usefull and are found to be most beneficial First therefore when universal Purgation and Phlebotomy have been used the following Infusion or cathartick Tincture may be given six or eight ounces whereof may be given and repeated once in six or seven days Take of root of sharp pointed Dock dried Polypody of the Oak each half an ounce Senna ten drachms Dodder of Time six drachms Rheubarb Mechoachan each half an ounce yellow Sanders 2 drachms Celtick Spike half a drachm Salt of Tartar 1 drachm and an half Put them into a Glass with 4 pounds of White-wine keep them for use pouring off as much of the clear liquour as you shall have occasion for You must add two pounds of Elder-flower water Willis II. For sweetning of the Bloud and washing its Salts Whey either simple or with fumitory Cichory or sharp-pointed Dock infused in it may be drunk two or three pounds of it every morning for twenty or thirty days if it agree with the Stomach And besides a Dose of the following Electuary may be taken morning and evening Take of Conserve of root of sharp-pointed Dock 6 ounces Crabs-eyes prepared Coral each 2 drachms Ivory 1 drachm Powder of Lignum Aloes yellow Sanders each one drachm and an half Sal prunellae two drachms Vitriol of Mars one drachm and an half Syrup of Juice of Wood-sorrel what is sufficient Make an Electuary The Dose two ounces Idem III. For the very same reason that Whey Iron-waters also are prescribed in this Disease and they often doe good for when all other Medicines have been given to no purpose I have often cured a grievous Scab which has almost been leprous onely with these Waters Moreover for the more efficacy Sal prunellae or Vitriolum Martis or a little of the foresaid Electuary may be given conveniently Willis IV. In some that have too much Serum and are of a watry constitution when drinking of Whey or the Waters are not so proper it may sometimes be convenient to give a Decoction of the Woods at medical hours and moreover to take them constantly for their ordinary drink Take of Wood of Willow half a pound root of Sarsa parilla 8 ounces white Sanders Wood of Mastich-tree each 2 ounces snavings of Ivory of Hart's-horn each five drachms Tin crude Antimony each four ounces tied in a Cloth Liquorice one ounce Infuse them and boil
the bad humours which when the Spleen were taken away could doe the same mischief to another part However in a Scirrhus cutting of it out would be of use because the weight of it is troublesome and often causes a Dropsie Fioravanti tried it who cut the Spleen out of a Woman's Belly which weighed thirty two pounds and so delivered the Woman from a Scirrhus which would have killed her Since Fioravanti none durst venture on the operation in Man though in Animals whose Spleen is less and looser T. Bartholinus cent 4. hist 51. it has succeeded well XXVIII Petrus Asselinaeus when he practised Physick at Castel-franco observed that the Country people there had a strange irrational operation for a Scirrhus of the Spleen whereby nevertheless the Patients acknowledged they found benefit and among the rest a certain Knight of Malta who in his presence suffered the operation to be performed in this manner The Patient lay stretched out on a Table a clean Paper was laid on his Spleen and they set a very keen Ax to it which they hit twice or thrice with all their force The blow put him to much pain but the Paper was untouched and one might feel the Scirrhus cloven into two parts And by this means those that have used it think they hinder the increase of their Spleen Aquapendent mentions this diverberation who thinks it absurd as also do Cardan Massarias Riolanus Velschius and others XXIX The site of the Spleen is sometimes changed when its ligaments being made lax it hangs down or when they being broken it hangs forward in the hypogastrium which I saw four times Then it deceives unwary Physicians in form of a Mole or of a Scirrhous Womb in Women In Man in form of a glandulous Tumour like a Steatoma lying in the Mesentery Sometimes one would think one of the Kidneys were slipt thither But they are easily distinguished A sign of the Kidney being slipt is a round Tumour of the Spleen 's falling an oblong Tumour and a vacuity in the left Hypochondrium But if the Tumour be moveable as it is at the beginning both the Spleen and Kidney is easily restored to its natural place again Otherwise after six months time it sticks so fast to the Peritonaeum forwards to the bottom of the Bladder and the Guts and in Women to the Womb that it must of necessity putrefie there Which it will doe the sooner if you use emollient Medicines you may prolong life if you let bloud often and keep up the Swelling with a Truss Whether if the Spleen be out of its natural place or slip forwards to the Hypogastrium may it be burnt with a red-hot Iron It is a very hazardous case although old Veterinary Authours write that so the Spleen may be wasted in Horses and Slaves those cheap Souls in whom they thought it good and lawfull to experiment this most cruel Remedy Riolanus XXX Take of Mandrake-root a quarter of a pound cut it into pieces and boil it in Oil of Linseed Sesamum or Almonds adding a little Vinegar Bruise them and pass them through a Sieve add to them of Opoponax dissolved in Vinegar of Squills two ounces Stirax Myrrhe Bdellium Seeds of Alkekengi each half an ounce new Wax or Propolis and Turpentine what is sufficient Saffron two drachms Celtick Spike Schoenanth Asarum or Vitex each one drachm Mix them First foment the Spleen and then anoint it It has so emollient a virtue that it will soften Ivory Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians For Obstructions 1. Juice of Tamarisk drunk in Wine is highly commended ¶ An Asses Spleen is good against inveterate obstructions ¶ Germander is a good Medicine also Benedictus 2. Tincture of Spleenwort cures all Diseases of the Spleen De Bry 3. A Decoction of Fern is effectual in this case Forestus 4 Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar does especially dissolve the Spleen Sennertus 5. Deadnettle taken any way is good for a hard and obstructed Spleen Solenander 6. Root of Dwarf-Elder boiled in water till two parts in three be boiled away cures admirably as I have experienced Varignana For a Scirrhus and Hardness 1. For a hardned and obstructed Spleen I had always success according to my desire by giving a decoction of Roman Wormwood to drink in the Morning Baricellus and it succeeded always better if Smith's Water were given after Meat 2. Powder of an Asses Spleen or a Wolf's Liver and the Ashes of a Bat given to two drachms in Wine or in Oxymel or Vinegar of Squills is very efficacious ¶ But the most effectual remedy is drink prepared with Steel and other things Capivaccius 3. Spiritus Vitrioli Tartarisatus is admirable good ¶ Also a Plaster of Juice of Hemlock and of Juice of Mandrake is good if they be mixt with Gum Ammoniack Hartman 4. Juice of Crow-Garlick dried and powdered is admirable good Take of this one scruple Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar of Squills half a drachm Make a Bolus give it four hours before Meal and drink half an ounce of Oxymel presently after it ¶ Among compound Medicines this is an effectual one Take of Heath-Berries half an ounce White Pepper Syrian Nard Gum Ammoniack Thymiama each two drachms Powder the dry things Dissolve the Gum Ammoniack in Vinegar of Squills Mix them Make Trochiscs of a drachm weight Rudius Give one of them with Oxymel Lienteria or A Lientery The Contents What such the Preparatives ought to be I. Whether we must Purge upwards or downwards II. Astringents applied are not always beneficial III. Whether Milk may be allowed IV. If it proceed from a Dropsie it must not be stept V. Medicines I. THere is a great difficulty about things that prepare the thick matter For on one hand Writers propound Mulsa Honey of Roses and Oxymel but every one of these things incides and loosens the Belly and so they are all suspected Such things therefore must be chosen as both incide and heat dry and astringe These things are commended among the rest Vinegar of Squills Syrup of Mint and of Wormwood But above all the rest Sal Theriacale is commended or Salts made and extracted from hot Stomachick Powders as Salt of Wormwood Mint and Spike And if they are not to be had it is easie to make Lixivia of their Ashes and how available Lixivia are in abstersion and drying Galen 2. de antidot c. 7. shews A Lixivium may be made of Stomachick Ashes by burning Wormwood Mint Coriander Spike Schoenanth Pennyroyal and Calamint One ounce may be given either simple or mixt with Vinegar of Squills or Syrup of Mint or the like After Abstersion the Stomach must be heated adding Astringents among which one drachm of Coriander powdered with Odoriferous Wine is very good Opiates also may be given as Philonium about half a drachm for when sleep is procured the Meat is kept and so it is
in the Body after Anointing LV. Whether Baths be proper and when LVI Whether Spaw-waters be proper LVII The efficacy of crude Antimony in a Decoction LVIII Taking of Narcoticks if they be used aright is safe LIX The benefit of Issues LX. While Buboes are cured with Applications the general cure must not be omitted LXI The Symptoms remaining after Cure do not always require a new Cure LXII Whether a spare Diet be proper LXIII Bâ—scoct Bread not always proper LXIV An inveterate Pox quickly cured LXV Whether Preservation be lawfull and safe LXVI I. THE Pox unless it plainly shew it self by tubercles and pustules which use to break out here and there all over the body but especially about the forehead and the obscene parts and thighs and most about the knees is often occult and does easily impose and makes the Cure bad if it be new and difficult if it be inveterate An accurate judgment therefore is needfull And all depends upon the Confession of the Patient himself The Physician therefore must sift the Patient For besides those manifest degrees which Fernelius makes to be four there are others also which are difficult to be known because of the Symptoms common to other Diseases But the lying with a Whore may serve to signifie all Hartmannus and if the Patient confess this be the Symptoms never so common yet he may very well be cured as an infected person II. Stoves are not onely used in the Cure of the Pox to promote it but even before the Cure be undertaken if because the signs are not so plain we doubt of it And we may know it is the Pox and be the more assured of it if after sweating several times in a Stove the latent seminary of it be drawn to the skin and then shew it self in spots Platerus pustules and other symptoms III. It is my advice to bleed often and in divers parts of the body and in those chiefly which are most tormented because the seminary of this Disease resides principally in the bloud in the veins which disperse themselves far from the Liver and in them chiefly that are next the parts infected And you must either let bloud in them if possible or in parts next to them Hear you when the Disease has fixt it self in the body you may not here as many rashly doe make revulsion of the peccant humour to contrary parts like as in Inflammations which are onely raised by abundance of bloud for in these though you retract what is next to the part affected it cannot infect the rest because it is not yet putrefied But in the Pox it is far otherwise and in all other Diseases which a pernicious juice causes or foments Botallus IV. Some not confiding in specifick Alexipharmacks alone will have common ones added Fernelius gives half a drachm or a drachm of his Electuary or alexipharmack Antidote before the Patient drink the first draught of his Decoction Palmarius in imitation of him has contrived two Antidotes And Rondeletius commends his treacle-Treacle-water Ant. Minodaus thinks Treacle is the best Alexiterick against the Pox. But as I do not dissuade the use of these things because it is the custome when Poison is taken and it is not known what it is to give Treacle and other common Antidotes So I would not persuade any Man to rely onely on these Medicines and neglect the proper ones And indeed I observe few Physicians doe it because Experience has convinced them that this Disease cannot perfectly be cured without Guaiacum and such things Nor does it therefore follow because some that have been ill of an incurable Pox could not be cured by Guaiacum that more confidence may be put in those other Medicines For they that could not be cured with these proper Alexipharmacks would much less have been cured with common ones Sennertus V. They that had the Pox were formerly so tormented that the Remedy was worse than the Disease But now they may easily be cured by the following Remedy with Sweat and Salivation though they neither be confined to their Bed nor to their Chamber The way is this Take of Antimony and Sarsa Parilla each six ounces let the Antimony be tied in a rag and put into six gallons of water with the Sarsa and 40 Nut-shells and husks Boil them to a third Let the Patient take the Decoction thrice a day morning noon and night a draught of it a good distance from meals Borellus cent 2. obs 96. The Antimony will serve four times VI. Though there be several Alexipharmacks for the Pox yet some are more efficacious than others and one has one quality another another wherewith we may satisfie sometimes one intention sometimes another And therefore seldom one of these alone but often several of them are used Indeed if the Disease be simple and none of the Viscera be out of order and if there be any notable intemperature in any part which may hinder the use of Guaiacum it is the best of all as it resists both by occult and manifest qualities But if any other Disease be joined with it it is often good to add Sarsa and China Concerning Alteratives which use to be added we must have a care lest by adding Cichory Endive and cooling things which are added to abate the heat of the Guaiacum which yet need not so much be feared Sweat which is the main thing requisite and which does more good than a little Heating does harm Therefore laying these aside to say something of mixing Alexipharmacks if the constitution of the Patient be very hot and dry if the humours fall impetuously from the Head upon the Lungs or Breast or other parts Guaiacum cannot conveniently be given alone because it heats and dries the parts more and by its heat does melt the humours and put them in motion But then Sarsa is safer and China is yet more convenient which both tempers the heat and has an astringent virtue whereby it stops fluxions On the contrary if strength be low and the Eyes weak Sarsa is not proper because it loosens the Stomach and makes the Sight dim If there be a great Atrophy so it have not its rise from the Pox for then this as being its Cause being removed the Leanness also ceases and the Body begins to thrive better Guaiacum and Sarsa are not safe But then China is far more beneficial as being a thing that substantially moistens Some commend Sarsa above all other things for a Consumption Some have ventured to write of Guaiacum that a Decoction of it nourishes as much as Chicken-broth but they exceed for though it may impart some alimental Juice to the Decoction yet no Man in his Wits will deny that there is more nutriment in a Chicken If any upon taking it have grown more corpulent it must be by accident by taking off the violence of the Pox which hindred nutrition So if grievous Pains infest the Patient or if there
purge her it wrought moderately Nov. 23. She sweat again Nov. 24. She took twelve grains of Mercurius vitae again and it wrought six times Nov. 25. The caustick Water was applied again to her obscene parts and other places where there were deep and foul Exulcerations Novemb. 26. She purged with this Take of Mercurius dulcis half a scruple Diagridium half a scruple make it up with Conserve of Roses On Nov. 27 28 29 30. Decemb. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9. The sudorifick Decoction with the Sulphur auratum was continued On Decemb. 10. She was purged with this following Take of Mercurius dulcis 1 scruple and an half Diagridium 10 grains it wrought several times Decemb. 16. She took nothing On the 17th she repeated the former Dose of Mercurius vitae it wrought On the 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 and 25th days Nature rested her self and she seemed perfectly well But to be sure on Decemb. 24. she repeated the twelve grains of Mercurius vitae and it wrought onely thrice On the 27th the same Medicine repeated gave onely one stool On the 30th she found no operation from it Horstius obs 10. and so she was perfectly cured of a most grievous Pox. XXXIV Some after universal Purging cure the Disease with these following Pills Take of Rheubarb 10 ounces 10 drachms Scammony 3 drachms Mix them pouring on Juice or Syrup of Lemons of Quicksilver tied up in a cloth so that it may run out in very small grains 2 ounces and 6 drachms and may be well killed with the same Juice and when it is well killed and mixt by often pouring on some of the same Syrup or Juice add of Wheat-flower 2 drachms Musk 1 drachm Make 5 Pills of a drachm and gild them well for according to Dioscorides Gold does admirably correct Quicksilver Let him take one every day before Dinner and take them for thirty days In the mean time let him take no other Medicine neither purgative nor applicatory But let him onely drink twice a week 1 ounce of fenil-Fenil-water and half an ounce of Aqua vitae Chalmeteus XXXV Though in giving a Vomit for the Cure of the Pox I should not think divers Medicines made of Antimony improper yet I think they cannot be compared with Mercurial ones if you do but except Mercurius Vitae which is truly an Antimonial Medicine for it may easily be reduced to a Regulus by melting it onely with Sulphur Unless therefore you have a mind to give a Vomit of Mercurius Vitae which is an excellent Medicine for the Pox you may use divers Medicines made of Mercury it self the Precipitates and Sublimates before mentioned Among the former the less fixt are to be preferred Among the latter Corrosive is strongest and most efficacious but it is certainly very dangerous And Precipitates that are less fixt do oftener cause Vomit than Sublimatum dulce they therefore must be preferred also In the legitimate use of all which things we must have a carefull regard to the peculiar constitution of every sick person and the different operations of Mercurial Medicines consequent to that Sylvius de le Boë XXXVI I know and that by experience that not onely the Decoctions of Roots Barks and Woods especially the Aromatick are good for correcting the peccant Acidity in the Pox but their lixivial Salts also and especially the volatile which I recommend to all that practise Physick as things that are good to correct viscid Phlegm which is peccant in the Pox. Idem XXXVII Since I think I have proved and abundantly evinced that the Venereal Poison consists in an acid spirit but very sharp mixt with the mass of bloud and as well infecting it as the rest of the humours that are bred of it it is manifest that the general Cure of the Pox consists in the correction of the acid and sharp spirit And because it is wholly preternatural in the expulsion of it The correction and amendment of the sharp Acid may be performed by all things that temper an acid Acrimony as well simple as compound Among Simples I reckon 1. Spirituous volatile things Spirit of Wine of Grain and any other got by distillation after a due fermentation of the mixture 2. All oily and fat things as Oil of Fruits and Seeds by expression Fat of various Creatures 3. Lixivial fixt Salts of the ashes of things burnt especially of Plants To which if any will 4. add watry things he may for me though they do not so much temper as they dilute an acid Spirit in which respect they do conduce when joined with the three things aforesaid and they notably infringe the strength of the Acid. Among the more compound things are reckoned 1. Volatile Salts arising from a lixivial fixt Salt and a volatile Spirit joined either by Art or Nature such as the volatile Salt of Hartshorn Urine of which sort is the Spirit of Sal Ammoniack Sal Tartari volatile c. 2. Hither are referred all aromatick Oils arising of a lixivial but volatile Salt and Oil e. g. Oil of Amber Hartshorn Aniseed Cinnamon Mace Cloves Majoran Rosemary c. Galbanum Myrrhe Mastick c. 3. Hither belong aromatick Apozemes made of the aromatick part of Plants especially boiled with Water Beer or Wine such as we frequently use in the Cure of the Pox. 4. Aromatick Tinctures extracted from the aromatick parts of Plants by Spirit of Wine whether by Infusion onely or Decoction or Distillation 5. To compound Medicines which temper the acid Spirit every Soap may be reduced made of a lixivial Salt dissolved in Water and Oil or Fat by long decoction which admirably tempers the acid humours upon account of both Ingredients especially if it be aptly joined with other liquours Milk to wit and such things 6. Hither refer Emulsions made of Water and of the soluble oily part of Seeds Of all which Medicines for the Cure of the Pox the most in use are Decoctions of two Roots and of so many Woods China Sarsa parilla Guaiacum and Saffafras to which both for gratefulness and for amending the concomitant symptoms and humours several things use to be added The Roots indeed temper the acid humour more weakly the Woods more strongly Which Woods moreover do yet effectually correct the pituitous humour with which the venereal Poison mingles and insinuates it self offending in its too great acidity which augments it in the body and makes it more viscid and so also promote the Cure of the Pox for daily experience makes it appear that they are longest and most difficult in curing in whom a very viscid pituitous humour known by the name of the melancholick humour has praedominance And we must persevere so long in the use of Alteratives and of things that as well temper the sharp acid humour as correct the pituitous and viscid when they are found to concurr till you observe them reduced to a good and laudable state by the functions once being hurt
formerly if it had its original from the Pox as an Ulcer in the Tongue Mouth or Lips it does not hinder anointing because there is no weakness to prohibit it But if any one when he had not the Pox was subject to a Quinsie he must not be anointed for it would bring the Quinsie Idem LIV. When I had caused one to be anointed so great an inflammation was caused in his Mouth that he came almost to despair which when all other Remedies were in vain received perfect ease onely from Chicken Broth made without any herbs the virulence of the Mercury being taken off as I think by the benign substance of the Chicken Pachequus apud Riverium See Sect. XLIV LV. T. Campanella being sometime consulted by a great Man of Germany If there were any way to get the Quicksilver wherewith he had been anointed out of the Marrow of his Bones told him he might certainly doe it by setting Golden Cupping-glasses all over his Limbs And if the German Nobleman followed this advice it was easie for him to be rid of all his pains and of his Disease Severinus LVI Some teach that the use of certain natural drying Baths is proper in some sorts of this Disease which nevertheless I have often observed does no good but much harm Unless one have a mind to use them after the cure is exactly finished for some refreshment to the Body that is tired out with Medicines and to strengthen the Limbs And then we put into artificial Baths things that are proper for the Limbs as Iva Arthritica and such things LVII They that have got the Pox may safely drink the spaw-Spaw-waters For if Metals by all Mens confession have a specifick virtue in conquering this Disease and all the virtue of these Waters comes from Metals Who can doubt that these Waters will be propitious to Adonis his Boyes This very way I cured Pocky Blisters as broad as ones Nail in a Man's Mouth and Tongue It certainly cures a Venereal Gonorrhoea whatever some Men may think It is very good for a Dyscrasie of the Parastatae arising thence Solenander cons 37. Sect. 3. thought the same He writes thus These Waters are good for Gonorrhoea's and Caruncles in the Yard When the passage of the Yard is cleared with Vnguentum Camphoratum the drinking of the Waters will wash cool and dry the Ulcer that remains in it which afterwards when it is so strengthened will cicatrise easily Heer de Acidulis LVIII It may deserve the Enquiry Whether Minerals and Metals communicate any Medical virtue by decoction to their Menstrua or not because they are not easily altered in their substance And it cannot be denied that they do by benefit of Decoction communicate some virtue though little to their Menstrua either in some particle of the Metal Mineral or Stone or in Smell For besides solutions of Metals Minerals and Stones made in corrosive Waters Decoctions also of Glass of Antimony Crocus Metallorum Tin Quicksilver c. made in fair water do prove the same by the virtues which they have in Vomiting killing of Worms and in other Diseases As for instance the Antimonial Decoction of D. D. Lud. ab Hornig in which most certainly there is a most excellent hidden virtue against cruel Diseases if onely crude Antimony broken into small pieces be tied in a rag and a great quantity boiled in Decoctions of Water but it must by no means be used with Wine I know that the famous Zwelferus never gave an Antivenereal Decoction to any without crude Antimony tied in a Rag had been first boiled in it And the following Decoction in the Pox does evince as much Take of Wood of Guaicacum three ounces of the Bark of the same five ounces Sarsa parilla two ounces Saffafras one ounce Quicksilver tied in a cloth one pound Crude Antimony tied in a cloth one pound Boil them in twelve Quarts of Water to a third and strain them The cover of the pot must have a hole in it Let six ounces of this be given every morning and sweat either in bed or in a Stove The Residue is boiled with water and Raisins adding a little of the Guaiacum and its Bark and towards the latter end a little Cinnamon which may also be added to the first for the ordinary drink The taking of it must be continued fourteen days And let the following Pills be given first Take of Extractum Catholicon three drachms Arcanum corallinum Cinnabar of Antimony each one scruple and an half Make twenty Pills Hofmannus LIX Narcoticks upon urgent necessity are sometimes given with very great success inasmuch as that besides stopping of Pain they procure Sleep and Sweat and may without any harm as I have often observed be taken Upon which account Treacle does so much good in these pains Platerus both by causing Sweat and easing of Pain ¶ Prudence must be used in the Pox as to the frequency of it because the thick humour wherein the virulent quality is inherent indicates rather attenuation than inspissation Yet it may be given when night-Pains are raging and also with Alexipharmacks as with Extractum Anticephalicum c. A Woman was brought by Nodes and Night-pains to desperation She took Laudanum for a whole year twice a day whereby it came to pass that at length the Dose being increased by little and little Nature made this Medicine extremely familiar to her Afterwards she was ill of a Dysentery and used Laudanum she took also a scruple of crude Opium every day Thereby at length her innate heat was extinguished her strength decayed and all her faculties destroyed she grew stupid she had a Loosness then fell into a Consumption and died Monsieur de Moent had an Exostosis in the inside of his Thigh was in great pain very weak and dried up with Salivation yea and almost quite consumed He took Laudanum often to cause Sleep and eaâ—e Pain afterwards he was restored by a good Diet by many Mercurial Pills and Anticephalick-Wine and he perfectly recovered He was all Melancholick Th. de Mayerne tract â—e Laudano M S. and amended much after Sudorificum Joviale though he Sweat in abundance but it was from the Mercurial property LX. Issues are highly commended in the Pox especially if it be old for it is confirmed by experience that they who have Issues are not subject to the Pox. If the Head be bad they must be made in the Arms if the parts below the Liver in the Legs if the Womb Ferdinandus in the inside of the Leg. LXI In the cure of Buboes and of any other Symptome we must not leave off the inward Cure Yea it is often observed that such Swellings onely by the repetition of Mercury or of its Oil do disappear Hartmannus the Mine of the disease being perfectly taken away by the occult Mineral operation LXII Sometimes it happens that Chirurgeons make a mistake in the cure when after
dissuaded him from medling with it Severinus Med. Eff. p. 113. though it put him to continual trouble VI. Ptilosis is a callous red thickness of the Eye-lids often accompanied with the falling off of the Hair a contumacious and tedious Ail the Cure whereof I once experienced by pricking of the little Veins in the outside of the Eye-lid which rise as it were into Varices and many others came to me whom I always cured the same way Among the rest a Religious Man who for six months could find no benefit by any Medicines was thus quickly cured that is Idem p. 79. by frequent pricking with a Needle VII I have often cured an Ectropium by Scarification And an Ectropium according to Celsus is a fault in the upper Eye-lid which turns up a little and comes not down far enough to shut or in the lower Eye-lid which is not drawn high enough but turns back and hangs down and cannot joyn with the upper And both are caused by some inward Disease and by a Scar and this not without defect in the Eye-lid which if it be too defective says Celsus no Cure can restore it So He indeed but I found that an Eye-lid inverted after the Cure of a Carbuncle so that all the lower Sinus of the Eye lay much open was amended by cutting the Circle of the Deglabrated Eye-lid And this happened to a Capuchine who by such cutting recovered the beauty of his Eye almost entirely Idem who had been despaired of by the Surgeons Palpitatio Cordis or the Palpitation of the Heart The Contents Whether Bleeding be good I. Where Blood must be lâ—t II. When Cupping-Glasses must be applied to the Back III. A Caution in applying Vesicatories IV. Whether Attenuants be proper for the cause V. When we must abstain from Diureticks and Hydroticks VI. Sweet sented things are not proper if it comes from the Womb. VII If it come from Wind we must avoid Syrupus de Pomis VIII Caused by a Worm IX A violent one in an Hypochondriack Woman quickly discussed X. If it come from abundance or heat of Blood how such things must be used XI The Efficacy of Issues XII We must continue long in the use of Medicines XIII Cured by drinking Whey and bathing in fresh Water XIV Willis his way of Cure XV. The trembling of the Heart differs in the Causes from the Palpitation XVI Medicines I. ALthough oftentimes Wind be found in this Malady yet because there may be Wind in a Spurious Palpitation which proceeds from the heat of Blood or inundation of the Pericardium it is not safe at the first coming of it to apply hot things Wherefore if the mischief arise from the heat of Blood first of all according to Galen's Opinion Blood must be let In them who labour of an Inundation of the Pericardium never unless very sparingly and seldom only that what oppresses the Spirits of the Heart may be moderately subtracted and that the Fever which perhaps for want of convenient Ventilation increases may not gain ground and I think this is what must chiefly be done in a Spurious one Mercatuâ— thinks Blood-letting hurtful because its Indicant namely abundance of Blood does not at that present offend For who will affirm that Flatuous Matter which is the immediate cause of this Affection can be taken away by Blood-letting Yet Galen 5. loc aff c. 2. intimates the contrary when he affirms that all who are ill of a Palpitation of the Heart are cured by bleeding and attenuating Food and Physick Which Tenet is not without reason for when abundance of Blood is in fault it indicates plentiful detraction lest the Spirits be suffocated But if there be no great Plenitude yet Bleeding is convenient Horstius Dec. 5. Prob. 3. because the Disease in respect of the part affected is great for a principal part is affected where we must take care by Revulsion that abundance of Humours do not run more to the Heart which is otherwise debilitated II. The Palpitation of the Heart as is very apparent to me is usually caused by a Melancholick Humour Hor. Augenius l. 10. de Sist c. 11. that is by consent with the Hypochondria in Splenetick Persons wherefore I always did my Patients a great deal of good by setting Leeches to the Haemorrhoid Veins III. When in time of the Fit the strength is not able to bear Bleeding we must use Leeches and Cupping-Glasses As for the place Rhases 7. cont applies Cupping-Glasses to the Back Avicenna disapproves them because they raise Palpitation by drawing the Blood to the Breast This contradiction is thus taken away Cupping-Glasses in Plenitude of the whole applied to the Back with much flame and deep Scarification especially if they be large use to raise this Tremulous affection of the Heart Therefore in this case they must be set to the lower parts But when the Body is evacuated by Medicines and Bleeding small Cupping-Glasses gentle Scarification with a little Flame applied to the Back do good for they draw the Vapour Wind and Blood from the Center to the Circumference Saxonia IV. For Revulsion of the Matter in a tedious and frequent one Issues and Blisters either in the Arms if the Matter fall from the Head or in the Legs if it be essential or transmitted from the lower parts to the Heart are good Concerning Vesicatories Mercurialis cautions us not to use Cantharides because they have a faculty malignant and adverse to the Heart but rather Crow's-Foot Flammula Jovis c. V. Where the Matter is sanguine almost all agree in this that Extenuating Syrups should be given Being swayed by Galen's Testimony 5. de loc aff 2. who treats a Palpitation with Blood-letting and Extenuating Medicines And they take their Matter for Extenuaters from Lib. de Palpit c. 5. where he reckons up all hot Medicines endued with an Attenuant virtue Penny-royal Calamint c. This Operation is to me suspected yea dangerous seeing Wind may be bred of a hot cause where Cacochymie or Plenitude is The place is in Galen 4. acut 9. For if hot Attenuants be given in abundance of Blood Wind and Vapours will be raised and they will increase the Palpitation Therefore Attenuants may be chosen but they must be cooling as Ptisane Oxymel Syrupus acetosus simplex acetositatis Citri c. And I believe Galen 5. de loc aff must be understood of Attenuating Meats and Diet not of Attenuating Medicines but of true Extenuaters And such are they which diminish Blood either of themselves or by accident Of themselves Venae-Section and all Evacuation of Blood All Purging by Vomit or Stool Sweat or Urine diminish Blood By accident a spare Diet Labour Friction Bathing The place is in Galen 2. aphor 28. where under the name of Attenuating Medicines all these things are understood And truly in abundance of Blood it is good to extenuate Saxonia that is to let Blood and diminish it VI. L.
Septalius lib. 6. animad 117. forbids Diureticks in the Palpitation of the Heart if thick Blood offend because they exhaust the Serum of the Blood and make it thicker But when it arises from a warry and serous Humour there is nothing that can more easily conquer the violence of this Disease VII Although we must presently relieve the Heart as a principal part by such things as have a singular virtue to encrease its strength and to discuss the malignity of the Vapours such as are most sweet sented and Aromatick things which by their Balsamick virtue defend the innate heat of the Heart and by their heat discuss and waste the Vaporous Matter Yet if the Womb be the cause of the Palpitation we must abstain from them the Diseased Constitution of the Womb forbidding it For such things presently cause Fits and then the Palpitation is greater For when the Brain is refreshed with sweet sents by the sympathy which is between it and the Womb if this be morbid the latent Vapours are raised which fly to the principal parts especially to the Heart Therefore we should rather fly to those things which have the faculty of discussing that vapid Substance such as some fetid and strong smelling things which by their inimicous quality excite the expulsive faculty to cast out what is noxious Besides they have a virtue to attenuate and violently to dissipate as appears in Castor Galbanum Asa faetida and the like Sennertus VIII If the Palpitation come from Wind Electuaries and other Compositions must have no Syrupus de Pomis in them Rondeletius for Apples keep their windiness to the third concoction as Avicenna writes IX A certain Valetudinary Prince when he had been a long time most grievously troubled with Palpitations of the Heart could find relief by no Medicines A young Physician coming in tells how he found in some Writings of the former Age that a certain kind of Worm sometime breeds in the Heart which by taking a Clove of Garlick Evening and Morning may be killed which Remedy was neglected and accounted despicable But at length when the Disease had killed the Prince his Body was opened a white Worm with a very sharp horny snout was found sticking to the Heart which the Physicians took and put alive into a Circle drawn on the Table with juice of Garlick J. Hebenstrein l. de Peste it crept about and about and was wonderfully tormented but would not touch the Circle At length being overcome with the sent of the Garlick it died within the Circle X. A Noble Matron of Newemburgh 35 years old had been troubled with the Hypochondriack Disease for ten years She was taken with so violent a Palpitation that one would have thought her Heart would have broke her Ribs and leaped out of her Breast When I was called I presently ordered an Emollient Glyster to be given her because she never went to Stool but upon meer necessity This was succeeded by a Carminative one Afterwards an Epitheme was applied of Treacle Confectio hyacynthina and Alkermes without Amber or Musk. Then the following Potion was given her Take of Water of Balm Carduus Benedictus each 1 Ounce Orange-flower-Water half an Ounce Cinnamon Water 2 Drachms Syrupus corticis Citri made according to Zwelfer's Correction and of Betony Flowers each half an Ounce Oyl of Citron rind 2 Drops prepared Pearl 5 Grains Saffron 1 Grain In two hours time it left her and never returned again XI This must be reckoned in the Palpitation which comes from heat and abundance of Blood we must neither use hot things lest the effervescence be increased nor cold ones lest when the efflux of Vapours is stopt the Palpitation grow more violent For it is sufficient to use temperate Mercatus strengthning and odoriferous things XII Issues are very good in the Palpitation of the Heart as I have happily experienced Which since they may be made in divers parts of the Body if the matter falling from the Head cause the Palpitation as Hippocrates says it is best to make Issues in the upper parts and in this case I use to advise an Issue in the right Arm. Mercurialis But if it be essentially in the Heart or come by consent with the lower parts it is much better to make an Issue a little above or below the Knee XIII In this sort of Disease we must insist long on Medicines Ferdinandus Hist 12. for after six months or a whole year the Disease uses to return as I have known several Wherefore we must always be doubtful of it and not be overjoyed because it ceases for a month or two XIV Joh. Praevotius in a years time cured Baron K. of a Palpitation of the Heart Rhodius Cent. 2. Obs 40. and of all the Arteries in manner of an Aneurism from retorrid Bile with drinking of Whey and bathing in fresh Water Fernelius mentions this Pulsation Path. lib. 5. cap. 12. XV. Since the Causes are various the Cure must also variously be insisted on For what some hold that these Remedies which are vulgarly called Cordials do refresh the Heart and are thought to help it as it is laboring this is repugnant to Reason and to ordinary Experience Since therefore we have declared how the Palpitation of the Heart proceeds from some fault in the Blood or in the Arteries that are joyned to the Heart and have shewn the divers ways of affecting both of these an apt method of Cure must be accommodated to every sort of that Disease 1. Therefore if the Disease proceed from some fault in the Blood the primary Therapeutick intention must be to exalt the Blood that is too watry and unfit for Accension and Fermentation to a better crasis and to exalt and increase its active Principles that are depressed or diminished For which purpose Spirituous Medicines also Saline of all sorts Sulphureous and especially Chalybeates are proper Here also we may prescribe such things as are used in a Leucophlegmatia Pica and a cold Scurvy 2. The Palpitation of the Heart which is more frequent and much more violent comes from the Cardiack Arteries and then their fault is either an Obstruction or a Spasmodick Affection The first Disease is usually continual and often incurable especially if it comes from Consumptive Lungs or from a Tubercle at the Roots of the Arteries or some bony Excrescence whereby they are half stopt up or compressed Which causes if at any time they be there and can perfectly be known it would be in vain to endeavour to remove them But rather this only must be done we must give the Patient some ease by an Hypnotick to prolong a miserable Life a little further Nor is it also improbable that the Arteries are in a great measure filled by Polypous Concretions that are used to breed there and sometimes within the Ventricles of the Heart and therefore the free and total exilition of the Blood is hindred As the
Kid dry it stick a few Cloves in it put it in an Earthen Vessel set it in an Oven in which the Heart dissolves into juice Crembs Give it the Sick to drink 5. The following Water is a great Secret Take of Hearts of Hogs of Harts each N. 2. Cut them in pieces Add of Cloves Galangale Seed of Basil each 2 drachms Flowers of Bugloss Rosemary Borage each 2 Handfuls Let the Spices and Seeds be cut and bruised after a gross manner Put to them as much Malmsey Wine as is sufficient Digest them for 24 hours Distil them The Dose Herlicius half an ounce with Sugar 6. A piece of fine White Bread sopt in Wine of Crete Joel and eaten is admirable for strengthning the Heart and stopping its Palpitation 7. In a Palpitation from a cold Cause true Rhapontick is of incredible Efficacy if 2 drachms of it be taken in Wine or if Wine wherein the same Rhapontick Mercatus All-heal Aristolochia rotunda or Faenugreek has been inâ—used be drunk Paralysis or the Palsy The Contents Sometimes Blood must be let I. Vomits are sometimes good II. If it come from Phlegm whether we must purge in the beginning III. At first we must go to work with gentle Medicines IV. Whether Oxymel may be admitted among Preparatives V. Whether Sudorificks may be given VI. Or Treacle or Mithridate VII Why sometimes Sudorificks do hurt VIII How Sweat must be raised when External Pains accompany a Palsy IX Diureticks to be preferred before Hidroticks X. Clysters must not consist of over emollient things XI The use of Bathes sometimes hurtful XII How they do good in that which follows a Colick XIII Insensible Evacuants must be violent XIV Cure by Salivation is not good for every one XV. One cured by Salivation XVI Whether we may raise a Fever XVII When it comes from External Humidity a must quickly be cured XVIII There is no harm in making Decoctions Infusions c. with Wine XIX Whether Confectio Anacardina be safe XX. Sinapisms and Blisters when proper XXI Vrtication good XXII Topical Medicines must be applied to the Original of the Nerves XXIII They must not exceed in heat XXIV A Palsy from an External Cause cured by an easie Remedy XXV Oyly Medicines are not proper for all XXVI The Cure must be varied according to the variety of Causes XXVII It may be caused by Bile and Blood XXVIII That which comes from a Melancholick Juice must be cured with Chalybeates XXIX Ceasing after voiding of Worms XXX That which follows the Colick requires not the Cure of the Origination of the Nerves XXXI How by Pications we may help the Atrophy of the Limbs which follows XXXII The continued use of Infusions is excellent XXXIII Medicines I. SOme mention Venaesection which yet unless there be a Plethora seems not proper because here is not the same danger of extinguishing the Vital Flame as in an Apoplexy But yet if the Blood appear not to circulate conveniently and that from above small Pulse and short Breath I think Venaesection altogether necessary for the same Reasons which we propounded in the Apoplexy See Tit. Apoplexy Book I. And I recommend these two Signs taken from the Pulse and Respiration to be carefully observed by all Men because they are the principal Signs of the Blood 's Restagnation about the Ventricles of the Heart Sylvius de le Boe. and of danger of Suffocation ¶ Although Medical Writers do usually respect Pituitous Matter yet since it is manifest that it sometimes arises from Plenitude of Blood this may be let boldly I speak this because some fear to do it reckoning that a Palsey always comes from Phlegm I know a Woman who when she had been let six ounces of Blood could not be cured but when some pounds had been let she was cured though some Physicians were afraid of so great a quantity And I know two Men who by bleeding in great quantities and at several times were cured Therefore in a Sanguineous Palsy Blood may be let boldly not once only but oftner not in one place but several But if in the Palsy there be not a Legitimate Sanguine but a Spurious Plenitude Blood must be taken away yet sparingly as Aetius Paulus Alexander and Celsus are of Opinion For the last l. 3. c. 27. writes That Bleeding and Purging are good for Paralyticks In this case it must be let sparingly only to about six ounces Yet this must be observed That is the Palsy seize all the Parts of the Body but the Head the Haemorrhoid Veins must be bled If one part be free Blood must be let in that Saxonia II. Vomits sometimes do abundance of good in curing the Palsy namely because they substract Matter from the Conjunct Cause and they do not always drive further the Matter impacted into the Nerves but make Revulsion of it shake it and often break it into pieces so that when the continuity of the Mass is broken the Animal Spirits themselves do easily dissipate the Particles of the Morbifick Matter Willis when they are parted asunder III. There is a Controversie between Rhases and Avicenna whether we may Purge in the beginning Avicenna before giving of Purgatives propounds Preparatives and gentle Medicines Rhases at the very first uses Pilulae Cochiae and consequently strong Purgers I thus compose that Controversie When the Palsy is new through some great fault in the Head as after an Epilepsie or Apoplexy I am of Rhases his Opinion presently to give a Purge The Reason is plain for there is danger of the return of the Epilepsie or Apoplexy which we must immediately prevent by giving a Purge But if the Palsy be old in a determinate part without hurt of the Brain Avicenna's Judgment must be followed first a Lenitive must be given Saxonia and then Preparatives IV. In the Palsy our Ancestors observed this that in the beginning it must be treated with gentle Medicines and not with very violent ones whether taken inwardly or applied outwardly Certainly I have sometimes observed That a Palsy of one side has followed that which was only in a part and sometimes an Apoplexy has followed this the abundance of Noxious Matter being agitated in the Head more than it should be when any one has endeavoured to carry it off by a sharp Medicine And there is a great Error oftentimes committed in that when the Head and Body are not well purged such Medicines are given as by their heat and motion easily get into the Head and there they put the Humour into Fusion and Fluxion which Nature by rest and a good Course of Diet Solenander would have at length overcome and concocted Experienced Physicians know this V. I do not disapprove of Oxymel with other Preparatives although Vinegar be an enemy to the Nerves as they are dry parts but when they are imbued with and full of Pituitous Juice Vinegar is not hurtful Saxonia and especially diluted with
got into the hollow of the Nerves and must be dissolved And Physicians after Evacuations use to apply Remedies to the Relaxed parts for in the Apoplexy which is called an universal Palsy Scholtzius cons 50. the whole Body is usually anointed with Odoriferous Oyl XXIV This must be observed That we do not apply a Medicine to the Paralytick part as some do Dropaces who by this means think they can recall the heat and sense of the Part if they burn the Part with hot Medicines which do no good but may cause a Gangreen in the Part. Medicines must be applied to the Original of the Disease Saxonia not to the part affected it self XXV A certain Young Man tarrying a long time for his Sweet-heart in a Wine-Cellar was taken with a Moistness and Palsy in his Limbs And when the Physicians were puzzled about applying Remedies to him one carried the Young Man to an Oven and making a Bed for him he heated some Nut-Tree-Leaves in the Oven when they were hot he wrapt them in Linnen Clothes and laid the Young Man in them and covered him well up and presently Sweat burst out in abundance While he Sweat he was refreshed with a little Chicken Broth Solenander and he was well XXVI Oyls Liniments Unguents Plaisters serve to correct and consume the Pituitous Humour and indeed in them only whose Skin can bear fat things For it happens to several that upon the application or illinition of any fat things presently Pustles arise and an Erysipelas takes the whole Body and sometimes Mortification and Gangreen of the part does follow which will be proper for the Physician and Patient to observe When therefore the Patient can bear fat things they must be used in a various form and especially the Oylâ— because they penetrate more easily and deep But where fat things are hurtful Roots Herbs Seeds c. proper for the Palsy may be infused in rectified Spirit of Wine Sylvius and the Parts affected may be anointed with it XXVII As there are manifold forms and divers causes of the Palsy so the Cure of iâ— must not always be insisted on in the same manner but by a various method appropriate to each sort There are usually these three kinds or three methods of Cure as the Palsy is caused suddenly Either first From a blow or fall c. Secondly It follows some other Disease that is an Apoplexy Carus c. Or Thirdly As a Disease primary and per se and depending upon a Procatarxis or some previous Apparatus it is caused by degrees When it comes the first way the only intention of Cure is that the hurt part may recover its pristine strength and first Lest the Blood and other Humours flowing to it as to the affected and weakest part should increase the Disease Blood must presently be let a moderate Sweat must be given to the end that all superfluities being got out of the part affected may exhale in abundance and that the Spirits gently agitated may begin again their old rounds within the pores and passages of the part being unlocked by the hot effluvia To this end Pulvis ad casum August Decoctum traumaticum or a Decoction of Madder Root or Butter-burr or Flowers of St. John's Wort may be given frequently Moreover in the mean time the place affected must be diligently enquired Secondly When a Palsy comes upon a Fever Apoplexy Colick and other Diseases it is a great one and comes suddenly First of all we must use our skill in Physick to remove its Conjunct Cause which usually has its seat in the Medulla oblongata or Spinalis Thirdly An habitual Palsy depends on the Procatarxis either in fieri or disposition or in facto or habit each of them requires a peculiar method of Cure The intentions of Cure in the former will be 1. That when the works of making Chyle and Blood are rightly performed Matter both laudable and plentiful enough for the breeding of Animal Spirits may be supplied to the Head 2. That the Brain being still firm the Heterogeneous Particles being excluded may admit proper ones and rightly exalt them into Animal Spirits But if a Palsy arise after a previous disposition in the whole or in one side or in certain parts a large and complicated method is always requisite and often not sufficient for the Cure of it for not only the Disease or its Conjunct Cause or the Procatartick must be opposed severally but all of them must be opposed at once Cephalick and Antiscorbutick Medicines use to do most good against the Procatarctick Cause of the Disease But all such are not proper for all Men but as we have observed in the Scurvy according to the various Constitutions of Patients so the Medicines must be of a different kind and virtue For Medicines that are hot and endued with very active Particles are not proper for Bilious Paralyticks in whose sharp and hot Blood there are much Salt and Sulphur and but little Serum yea they often do harm which yet are very good for Phlegmatick Persons whose Blood is cold contains much Serum and few active Elements Wherefore according to the twofold state of Patients it will be proper to proceed in two methods one whereof must be for cold Paralyticks another for hot Willis XXVIII Paulus l. 3. c. 43. writes That in his time there was a Colick which ended either in a Convulsion or a Palsy and that it could no way be cured but by a certain rash Physician who cured it with cold Herbs drinking of cold Water and incrassating Meats whence one may gather that the Humour was hot and bilious I also a few years since saw an illustrious Bishop who after a Colick fell into a Palsy in his Arms and used hot Medicines a long time to no purpose at length when for a long time he had used cold Herbs not to cure himself but on account of Religion and cold Water c. he was cured of his Palsy Saxonia ¶ Seeing it comes sometimes from bilious and hot Humours in abscesses after acute Diseases and sometimes from abundance of Blood falling upon the Veins at the Spine it must not be cured by hot Medicines For in the first case emollient and temperate things must be used such as Fat and Marrow but in the second case only Blood-letting is usually the Remedy for a Palsy from Blood is not a true Palsy but is cured by accident in as much as the Veins being full do compress the Nerves Fonseca XXIX I have seen several Melancholick Persons cured by the use of Chalybeate Medicines who being deprived of the motion of their Limâ—s have been reckoned Paralytick Among these was a Noble Maid who belonged to the Queen of Bohemia who being deprived of the use of her Limbs by the violence of the Melancholick Juice and committed to my Care by GOD's Blessing left me Chearful and in her perfect Health all that had her in hand
delivered Bayrus let it be taken off immediately that the Matrix fall not out 3. If a Woman before her Travel drink Oyl Olive it vvill prove easie Borellus and she will not be troubled vvith after-pains They say Water of Adders-Tongue does the same 4. To cause Pain for the more easie delivery Take of vvarm Water 2 ounces Claudinus Honey vvhat is sufficient Mix them Give this Dose at any time vvhen there is occasion 5. This vvas communicated to me for an Infallible Secret Take Nettle-Roots boil them in Wine Corbaeus and in a draught of that Wine put of povvdered Cinnamon 2 drachms Saffron 1 scruple Let her drink it 6. This is an excellent Secret and never fails in hard Travel Take of the Seed of Lavender half a drachm Plantain Endive Simon Paâ—â— of each tvvo scruples Pepper one scruple Make a Povvder Take it in the Water of Endive and Woodbine of each four drachms 7. This has been found to be excellent by long Experience Take of the Bark of Cassia Fistula Asarum of each one drachm Cinnamon Saffron Savine of each halâ— a drachm Make a Powder Eustach Rhudius The Dose is one drachm in Chicken or Pigeon Broth. 8. Ol. ligni Heraclini 16 drops were given to a Woman in Labour and a dead Child with the After-burthen came away within an hour the Mother who had hard Labour being safe Rulandus 9. This Powder has been tried by Experience Take of White Dâ—ttany Amber of each one drachm and an half Sennertus Mâ—ke a Powder Give half of it in White Wine for one Dose Pectoris Pulmonum vitia in genere or Diseases of the Breast and Lungs in general See Thoracicks Book XIX The Contents Blood is not to be let to Swooning I. 'T is profitable to open the Hemorrhoids II. Whether Purgers be hurtful III. Whether Manna be friendly IV. Vomiting is not always hurtful V. Antimony is both the Medicine and Poison of the Lungs VI. Purging Clysters hinder Expectoration VII Things that incide too much do sometimes hinder it VIII Eclegma's or Lambitives sometimes rather hinder than promote it IX They are not good if a Fever be present X. When they are to be prescribed XI The too much use of them hurts the Stomach and Liver XII Sweet things hinder Expectoration in Cholerick Distempers XIII Astringents are profitably added to Expectoraters XIV The excellency of the Decoction of Turnips XV. The efficacy of Suffumigations XVI Whether the Smoak of Tobaco be profitable XVII When Diureticks are proper XVIII Those things which pass into the Lungs by the Wind-Pipe act more effectually than such as are swallow'd XIX Whether sweet or harsh Wine be best XX. Anointings of the Breast are oft hurtful XXI The correction of the Flowers of Sulphur XXII When Sulphureous Waters may be drunk for strengthening the Lungs XXIII Whether the Origin of Fluxions be always from the Head XXIV When Lambitives are hurtful XXV They are unfit to astringe XXVI Simple Flowers of Brimstone are better than the Compound XXVII Acids are to be temper'd with sweet things XXVIII How the Serum when it is too Acrimonious is to be temper'd XXIX The Serum must be thickened that it may be expectorated XXX The Correction of an Humour offending in Acidity XXXI I. THough Galen says 1. Aph. 23. That in great Inflammations and especially burning Fevers Blood is to be let to Swooning away yet it is very dangerous to Bleed to that degree in Diseases of the Spiritual Parts Wherefore though we ought to Bleed plentifully and even almost to fainting away yet we must not proceed so far as till the Patient swoon which the skiâ—ful Physician will understand by feeling the Pulse P. Salius Diversus com in lib. 1. Hip. de Morb. t. 60. Fortis cons 50. cent 2. II. Evacuation out of the Hemorrhoidal Veins has great consent with the Breast III. I do not approve of Evacuations in Pectoral Diseases from a Catarrh and those Physicians who are but indifferently learned and verst in the practice of Physick know the Reasons For what good do Evacuations do as to the Concoction or Evacuation of the Matter out of the Breast What do they do towards derivation seeing they move and roil it the more What do they do as to the strengthning of the Head and Stomach What towards the Correcting of the Temperature of the Liver I know something may be said against me but I have found by Experience that in Pectoral Diseases it is most profitable to abstain from Purging Medicines Thus Crato in Scholtzius cons 4. yet he uses them in difficulty of breathing from a Catarrh ¶ Fortis cons 7. cent 2. writes thus Let strong Purgation follow Lenients and Preparatives for it is not to be queried whether Purgers draw from the Breast or no for besides that they may draw forth Humours by the Vena sine pari whilst the whole Body is purged part after part the Breast it self is also purged for there is one and the same Conflux one Conspiracy all things consenting ¶ Indeed though they be not proper in respect of the Matter that is passed out of the Vessels yet they bring forth the antecedent Matter at least whether it flow from the Brain seeing 't is manifest that the stronger Purgatives draw from thence or through the Pulmonary Artery into the Lungs which has conveyed thither the Cacochymie mixt with the Mass of Blood IV. Their Opinion ought to be rejected who understanding that Manna is friendly to the Breast give it to those who have their Breast loaden with Crudities not seeing that Crude Humours are made more thick and unapt for Concoction when the Serum is discharged I have often observed such to be thrown into a very bad state by the giving of Manna Nature desires that thick Humours should be made fluid but those who give Manna or Scammony separate the Ichors Sanctor method l. 5. c. 10. Martian 4. de acut victâ— or watry part and make the remainders of the Humours thicker Johan Baptista Montanus considering this gives Manna with the Cream of Tartar for the bringing forth of the thicker Humours I lately saw the efficacy of Manna given after that manner in an Asthmatical Woman whose Lungs being turgent with Serum she was cured the same day a great quantity of Serous Humours being carried off V. Vomiting is not good if there be a solution of Continuity in the Lungs but if they be full of thick and Viscid Humours only 't is an excellent Remedy Hence 't is false That Vomiting is hurtful in every Disease of the Breast It often happens that a slimy tough Matter lies a Fingers breadth thick upon the upper side of the Midriff which kills the Patient unless it be taken away by Vomit So died a certain Landâ—grave of Hessen Walaeus m. m. p. 56. in whose dead Body being opened there was found such a Matter ¶ When an Empyema follows a
to the perforation of the Urinary Passage XIII There sometimes happens an odd kind of Distemper to those who are too much addicted to Venery some call it a Node of the Yard though when that is faln and become flaggy there appear nothing amiss yet he that handles the part throughly may perceive a certain small Tumour resembling a Bean or Glandule I have known several that have been ignorant of the Cause apply Emollients hereto thinking to discuss that hardish substance as if it were filled with some Humour But they have been so far from discussing of it Jul. Caesar Arantius l. de Tumor cap. 50. Sennert pract l. 4. part 9. s 1. c. 8. that the Patients have daily grown worse their Yard bending like a Rams Horn to that side where the Tumour was c. Those things therefore are to be used which are prescribed for a Rupture of the Navel or other Ruptures Astringent Fomentations c. XIV If a Phimosis and Paraphimosis proceed from a vehement Corius the Glans remaining still tumefied if it be fomented a good while with very cold Water it will detumefie and then the Prepuce may easily be drawn over the Glans Riolan Enchir Anat. l. 2. c. 31. This is an admirable Secret XV. I knew a Surgeon in Holland that to such as were troubled with a virulent Phimosis and Paraphimosis gave presently at the beginning an infusion of Stibium Hyacinthinum which is not much to be found fault with in the strong and Phlegmatick especially if Crocus Metallorum should be used in stead of Stibium for it not only evâ—cuates the offending Matter but also revels from the part affected but in the wasted and weak Practitioners know it to be no safe Medicin And we must diligently also consider whether the Whore had the Pox for then we must abstain from the Crocus Metallorum because with a certain violence it draws even from the remotest parts to the centre of the Body as also from all Medicins that purge violently by Vomit lest the offending Matter be drawn from the Genitals to the Liver and an universal Disease be made of a particular one which I have observed to happen in some Fabr. Hild. cent 5. obs 57. 'T is better therefore as I have always done with the greatest success to purge the Body gently XVI Some because they see an Inflammation present do forthwith apply Coolers and Repellers to the part affected but they do ill for by that means they repel the viru ent and malignant Matter contracted from impure Embraces and rivet it as it were into the part whence afterwards there arise virulent and malignant Ulcers But in respect of the Pain which is the principal symptom I apply an Anodyne Cataplasm of the Flowr of Beans and Barley the Seeds of Quinces and Fenugreek Red Rose Leaves pouder'd Saffron and Milk with the Yelks of Eggs anointing the whole Yard unless the vehemence of the Inflammation hinder for Oyl is bad for Inflammations as Galen teacheth with this Oyl Take of Oyl of Sweet Almonds newly drawn and of Roses of each an ounce of the Yelks of Eggs half an ounce Mix them Idem ibid. XVII It happens sometimes that from the bad Diet of the Nurse an Acrimonious Humour falls upon the Genitals of the Infant and there causes an itching and upon rubbing of the part there happens a Paraphimosis that is the Prepuce turns back to behind the Glans and cannot be drawn over it again the Humours flowing together betwixt the Glans and Prepuce yea there sometimes happens an Inflammation from the Acrimony of the Urine Some foolish Barbers cruelly handle Infants thus diseased with deep Scarifications and applications of Acrimoniouâ— Medicins Therefore I will here set down the Remedies whereby I have cured many I first prescribe to the Nurse a thin and cooling Diet then I purge her according to the nature of the predominant Humour But if the Child be weaned I give it at several times from one to three drachms of the compound Syrup of Roses Solutive If the Nurse be Plethorick after purging her I bleed her From the beginning if there be Pain and Inflammation I apply this Cataplasm Take of the Crumb of White Bread three ounces the Pouder of Roses and Balaustins of each two drachms of Saffron a scruple of fresh Butter an ounce of Cows Milk as much as suffices with the Yelk of an Egg make a Cataplasm If the Disease be stubborn I use the following Take of Bean-Flowr two ounces the Pouder of the tops of Wormwood Chamomel Flowers Elder Flowers of each three drachms of the Pouder of Fenugreek Seed two drachms of Cummin Seed three drachms boil them in harsh Wine and make a Cataplasm If there be Excoriation in stead of the Wine I use a Decoction of the Flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder and Roses Idem ibid. obs 58. Peripneumonia or Inflammation of the Lungs The Contents Whether a Vein be to be opened I. Bleed freely II. Blood is to be let till its colour change III. Let the Orifice be large and the Blood suffer'd to run out in one continued Stream IV. Cupping-Glasses ought to be applied first to the Arms and afterwards to the Breast and Back V. Purging is sometimes good in the beginning VI. Sometimes in the progress VII Purging and Vomits generally do harm VIII Clysters ought to be often injected but such as are gentle IX Let Expectoraters be alter'd according to the state or season of the Disease X. Incrassating Eclegâ—â—s are prudently to be administred XI Hot Attenuaters do hurt XII Whether drinking of cold Water be good XIII Whether sweet things be to be given XIV The Patients may be allowed to drink freely XV. Whether Wine be to be granted XVI The application of Repellents does harm XVII How to remedy Vigiliae or want of sleep in this Disease XVIII I. THere is no small dispute concerning Phlebotomy for 't is written that Blood is to be let out by common Veins whereas no Vein that uses to be opened has any communication with the Veins of the Lungs nor are any branches distributed to the Lungs from the Vena Cava as Galen has in several places disputed against Erasistratus Besides the motion of Nature shews this for whereas in Diseases of the Viscera and burning Fevers bleeding at the Nose is Critical it is not so in a Peripneumony because the Veins of the Nose that pour forth the Blood have no communication with the Lungs If it be true that the Blood does naturally pass from the right Ventricle of the Heart to the Lungs and from thence is brought back into the left Ventricle that it may be sent forth by the Aorta and if the Circulation of the Blood be admitted who sees not that in Diseases of the Lungs the Blood flows thither in greater plenty and oppresses the Lungs unless it be first evacuated freely and afterwards often a little at a â—ime to relieve them This
some dispute whether the Head should be shaven or not For some think that upon shaving the Head more Humour flows thither but seeing Alteratives and Repressers of the Humours such as Oxyrrhodine for Galen 11. meth attributes a repressing vertue to Vinegar and other cold things which are commended may be the better applied to the Head when shaven Crato in 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and the Matter may also exhale the better I think 't is best to shave it ¶ Let Topicks be applied to the shaven Head and be renewed as oft as they grow hot both that the vertue of the Medicin may penetrate the better and also that the Head being eased of the burthen of the Hair the Fumes may be the more easily discussed for the crop of Hair being cut down cannot sprout forth in so short a time which Archigenes is aâ—raid of that more Matter should be drawn to the Head on that account But when the Hair is short or very thin of it self Sennertus these things may be well enough applied to the unshaven Head XVII At length in the state or beginning of the declination of a Phrensy Resolvents are to be applied especially Animals or their Parts young Pigeons Whelps a Sheeps Lungs which are the most convenient because they softly embrace all the Head But some do ill to apply them at the beginning because by increasing the heat they do the more promote the Fluxion to the Brain and increase the Delirium River l. 17. c. 1. sect 3. XVIII Among those things which hinder the motion of the Matter to the Head you shall expect the greatest benefit from washings of the Legs unless you fear the striking in of Spots in Malignant Fevers in which case you shall make use of this Remedy in a warm Room and in the Summer season or when the Spots are a vanishing though such washings do sometimes the more draw forth the Spots themselves This is a very excellent Remedy both because it draws the heat to the lower and outer parts and also because by the heat and loosness of the parts it discusses that which it has drawn Mercatus XIX In the mean time the greatest regard is to be had to the strength for when that fails all hopes of Cure are lost Now it uses to be soon weakened by great watchings perpetual agitations of the Mind and Body thin Diet and Phlebotomy which sometimes 't is necessary to repeat often Wherefore we must take diligent heed lest whilst by purging or often bleeding we endeavour to root out the Disease we do not suddenly weaken the Vital Faculty If this begin to fail neglecting the Phrensy Willis and granting a fuller Diet we must chiefly insist upon Cordials ¶ It is always expedient to add to other Medicins some of the Solution of Perls and in the declination some drops of Aurum potabile for when Nature is strengthned she often uses to drive forth the reliques of the Disease by sweat Hartman XX. A lusty Wench being in a Fever and stark staring mad was continually held bound in her Bed she was bled plentifully and often took a great many Clysters had Juleps Emulsions and Hypnoticks prescrib'd her All which doing no good she remained without sleep and very much distracted for seven or eight days continually calling out for cold Drink Wherefore she had as much Water given her to drink as she would but her thirst was never the more quenched I advised seeing it was Summer time that the Women should take her out into a Boat at midnight and putting off her Cloaths and loosing her Bands should duck her in a deep River tying a Rope about her middle to pull her up again by to keep her from drowning But there was no need of such an hank upon her for she swam of her own accord almost as well as any Person could do that had learned to swim After little more than a quarter of an hour she is taken well and sober out of the Water and then being laid in Bed she slept and sweat plentifully and aâ—terwards recover'd without any other Remedy The reason why this Cure succeeded so soon and so happily was because the excesses of both the Vital and Animal Flame that were both of them vastly increased were taken away by the proper Remedy of a too intense heat Willis cap. de Phrenit to wit by the moisture and coldness of the Water ¶ A like Instance we had at Geneva in the Summer of the year 1680. A strong Man being taken with a burning Fever and Delirium whose House was near the River Rhodanus escapes those that were to look to him and throws himself headlong into the River One was to go out of the City a good distance because of the Walls before one could take him out of the Current but before they could get thither he was got to the Bank on the other side being a good swimmer where he was found safe and return'd to his right mind and being brought home he recover'd wholly presently after But this Remedy did not succeed so well with a Wench that being somewhat frantick by some bodies advice was thrown into a Bathing Tub full of cold Water in the midst of a very cold Winter for thereupon she died a few hours after XXI Physicians do not agree concerning the drinking of Wine Some think 't is wholly to be abstain'd from as from Poison seeing it helps forward the motion of the Humours to the Head and increases the Delirium joined therewith Others allow of it if the Watchings be pertinacious and the Spirits low because it recruits the Spirits temperates Watchings and asswageth Madness But the former opinion is more agreeable to truth for when Wine is said to moderate Watchings and demulce the Mind 't is to be understood of Melancholick Deliriums and Watchings rather than of that which arises from an hot Humour and Inflammation which are rather exasperated by the use of Wine Wherefore in the beginning it is to be wholly abstain'd from but afterwards where the Disease admits it and the Spirits require it small Wine at least may be allowed to such as have been used to Wine especially to those who have been otherwise accustomed to drink Wine without Water Sennertus XXII Physicians dispute whether the Patient be kept in the light or in the dark We produce Celsus's Opinion concerning it who l. 3. c. 19. writes thus The Ancients kept such Patients in the dark because they thought that contributed to their rest Asclepiades said that they ought to be kept in the light because darkness was frightful to them But neither of these is constant 'T is best therefore to try both and to keep him in the light that is afraid of darkness and to keep him in the dark that is disturbed at the light But where there is no such difference when the Patient is strong let him be kept in a light place and
Thom. Barthol cent 3. obs 74. by which being relieved he recovered LIII A Girl of eight years old began to be ill of a Cough and Fever to which succeeded a pain in her Side so that she was thought to be Pleuritical On the fifth day of her illness she voided four Worms upon taking a Clyster On the days following she voided several both by the help of such things as she took to kill them and also by Purgers Whence it appears that Vapours raised from a putrid Matter of which the Worms are generated produce the pains of the Side and a Cough and other symptoms resembling a Pleurisy River cent 1. obs 75. ¶ I had a Girl to my Patient who had all the symptoms that are usual in a Pleurisy there was a pricking pain in the right side of her Breast a little dry Cough that was raised on every small occasion her Pulse felt hard and was not altogether unlike a Saw and Recurring she broathed short and had a continual Fever Observing that sometimes her Body was cold all over and sometimes hot with one or other Cheek red upon giving her a Medicin to kill and bring forth the Worms she presently voided many and recovered Gabucin c. 13. l. de lumbric See Quercetan pharm dogmat rest cap 7. LIV. Mr. N.'s Maid was troubled with a pricking pain in her Side with a Cough and white Spittle which yet twice or thrice appear'd Bloody She could lie better on the pained Side which was the right She had no Fever which was a sign 't was no true Pleurisy seeing such Inflammation cannot be without an Acute Fever On the seventh day of her ilness seeing the pain had never intermitted she spit Blood plentifully for some hours whereupon there follow'd a Flux of her Terms and thereupon a perfect solution of the Disease I thought the cause of this Distemper to be an Acrimonious Humour translated into her Side by the Veins which caused the pain without inflammation Which Serous Humour being exagitated opened some little Veins on the seventh day whence happened her spitting of Blood but Nature conquering Laz. Riv. cent 1. obs 73. and sending off that Serous Matter to the Veins there was made a solution of the Disease LV. The Wife of Mr. N. was taken with a Pleurisy on her right Side and that very grievous About the later end of the seventh day and beginning of the eighth she was taken suddenly with so great a Palpitation that her ordinary Physician thought it to be the last struglings of Nature and foretold that death would speedily follow I was of opinion that that Palpitation proceeded from some putrid Matter evaporating contained in the lower Belly The event shew'd it to be so for after two hours she had two very stinking Stools upon which she was freed from the Palpitation Her case was suspected to be full of danger because the Disease had not been lessened in seven days time by any Remedies not so much as by repeated Bleeding And now though the symptoms seemed to abate there appeared a Parotis on the eleventh day which the next day disappear'd and she died on the thirteenth Whence it appeared to have been a Malignant Pleurisy Lazar. Riv. cent 1. obs 72. or rather a Malignant Fever accompanied with a Pleurisy LVI The Pleura is not only subject to Inflammation which a Pleurisy Empyema and Vomica or Imposthume follow but also to a certain pain which a salt Humour causeth This may be distinguished from a Pleurisy because though here be a dry Cough yet there is no Fever and also a free Respiration I use to cure it by Bleeding and Sweating if there be fear of a Pleurisy I apply this Plaster outwardly Take of the Marrow in a Cows Leg-Bone and of Ducks Grease of each three ounces of the Mucilage of Marshmallows Linseed Fenugreek Seed of each an ounce of Frankincense Mastich of each half a drachm ol◠nucist by expression two drachms Barbette Anat. Pract. p. m. 130. of yellow Wax as much as is sufficient mix them LVII Fernelius Pathol. l. 5. c. 10. notes that when a pain succeeds an Inflammation of the Lungs an Ulcer or Abscess of the Side the pain being inward firm and permanent it signifies that the affected Lungs do now adhere to the Pleura by the intervention of Phlegm or some clammy Sanio◠that flows out of the Diseased Lungs In that case there is place for no other Remedies but those that are able to loose that Cohesion and melt the clamminess of the Sanies or Phlegm as Fomentations of warm Water Milk c. contained in Bladders Drying hot Fomentations do harm by increasing the clamminess of the Sanies and Phlegm LVIII A young Man having been run in at the Back as far as his Lungs was taken with an Acute Fever with a pricking pain and difficulty of breathing so that he was esteemed Pleuritical The next day the Membranes of his Lungs being inflamed he complained of a pain reaching to the Orifice of the Wound behind Hence J. D. Sala taking it for something else than a Pleurisy felt upon the part where the Wound had been made and consulting with his Reason pronounced the Fever to arise from a Vomica bred in the Lungs through a collection of Pus nor did he guess amiss for by the use of fitting Remedies all the Pus was brought up by coughing and the Patient recovered very well Barth cent 3. hist 95. Medicins especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. A drachm of the Pouder of dried Burdock Roots taken in the Morning in warm Water and sweating upon it presently cases the pain and cures the Patient Al. Bened. 2. An infusion of Horse-Dung in thin White Wine for a Man and of Mares Dung for a Woman being drunk betimes in the morning and the Patient composing himself to sleep after it does excellently discuss the Tumour in a Pleurisy by insensible transpiration For there is a great discussive vertue in Horse-Dung because of its sulphur and the fixt and volatil salt that are found plentifully in it ¶ The Blood drawn out of a Goats Stones is a most certain Remedy for a Bastard Pleurisy both anointed outwardly and taken to a drachm inwardly P. Joh. Fab. 3. Take of Sal Prunellae two drachms the Flowers of red Poppy poudered red Coral of each a drachm of Sugar-Candy half an ounce Make a Pouder The Dose is two drachms drinking after it some red Poppy or Carduus Water It is an excellent Remedy Fr. Osw Gr. 4. It is an excellent Remedy to give on the second day a drachm of the Pouder of the Seeds of Ladies Thistle Fr. Joel 5. This is a very profitable Ointment for asswaging the pain Take of the Ointment of Marsh-mallows an ounce the Oil of Sweet Almonds half an ounce Anoint the pained part herewith warm and while it is moist sprinkle thereon some fine Pouder of Chamomel Flowers and lay
more than they hurt and Nature joins her self as a Companion with the Medicins against the Morbifick Causes which being banished the Spirits and Faculties are restored XIII Concerning a Bath Avicen thus admonishes But if superfluities be multiplied in them 't is fitting they bathe often But indeed it is naught unless towards the later end of the ninth month for it dejects the Spirits softens and loosens the bands that contain the Foetus breeds Crudities and which is worst provokes the Terms by unlocking the Vessels and fusing the Blood But to sit in a Bath is profitable for those who are near their labour for by it the Womb is dilated the neighbouring parts are softned and an easy passage is granted to the Foetus XIV As often as a Woman with Child is struck with some violent affection of mind a fright anger or sadness whereby there is danger she should fall in Travail before her time first a Vein must be opened in her Arm especially if she be Plethorick and a small quantity of Blood taken that is if her strength and Spirits permit otherwise let her drink a Glass of Wine c. Secondly Let the Spirits and Humours that are disturbed and rossed all the Body over be allayed by Anodynes and Opiates administred prudently sometimes Aromaticks and sometimes Acidish Medicins being added according to the diversity of the Disease Thirdly If any other Disease as Fluxes of the Belly Vomit c. follow let such Remedies be used as are proper for them Sylv. XV. A very thin Diet is not to be prescribed to Women with Child in Acute Diseases lest the Foetus be defrauded of due nourishment and yet we must not pass to that which is very thick lest the Fever be increased thereby Therefore we must keep a mean and a thinner Diet is to be prescribed in the first months and a thicker and somewhat more plentiful in the last months for the necessity of the Foetus If we err any way 't is safer to err in too full than in too spare a Diet for health is to be expected from the strength of tâ—e Mother and Foetus XVI I have more than once obsâ—rved that the use of Butter has been hurtful to Women with Child P Borell obs 26. cent 3. as also to those who are subjâ—ct to Fits of the Mother wherefore I advise them to abstain from it XVII Some disapprove of Exercise because it hâ—ats dissolves the Spirits raises a Fever causes thirst and procures abortion by precipitating the Foetus But these things are to be understâ—od of too much or unseasonable Exercise otherwise that which is moderate discusses the Excrements that are collected by idleness relieves the Faculties that are oppressed by the plenty of retained superfluities diffuses the Blood and Spirits to the Members whereby the whole Body becomes vigorous But let it be omitted in the first month because the Foetus is then contained but by weâ—k bands In the second let it be seldom and slow In the third more brisk In the fifth sixth and beginning of the seventh more frequent In the later end of the seventh the eighth and to the middle of the ninth abate of it Whether it may be granted when her full time is at hand see the Title Partus XVIII Women with Child that labour of a Pica or depraved Appetite are not to have the same things prescribed them which are convenient for others for neither Purgers nor other Medicins that absterge violently are to be used for fear of miscarriage For seeing this symptom happens chiefly in the first months it follows that we must proceed warily especially seeing Hippocrates forbids purging about that time And in the fourth month about which time it would be safer to use Medicins the Malady ceases of its own accord the Matter being either spent by frequent Vomitings or much alter'd by the concoctive faculâ—y seeing such Women eat little because of the loathing that is joined with it the stronger attraction of the Foetus helping which through its growth draws and spends much Blood at that time Therefore this Malady is no otherwise to be remedied but by a convenient Diet ordered for attemperating of the offending Matter by a slight abstersion and gentle provocation to Vomit namely if Nature incline that way not neglecting those things which may serve to strengthen the Stomach inwardly and outwardly Horst probl 6. dec 19. ¶ The Pica of Women with Child admits of neither Purging nor Vomiting but only requires those things that Corroborate the chief of which are the Water or Salt of Cinamon and of Orange or Citron rinds with the magistery of Corals and Perls If the thing they long for cannot be got Hartm prax Chymiatr c. 133. that the Foetus may suffer no prejudice presently give her to drink some of the Water of white Vine or Briony XIX The Vomiting of corrupted Meat and of other Humours cannot hinder Bleeding Johan Raymund Fort. consult 60. centur 4. seeing it self is the Remedy of Vomiting See before Sect. IV. XX. If Nausea and Vomiting be very urgent and be very afflictive to Women with Child so that there be fear lest some greater mischief supervenâ— Opiats and Narcoticks may be used as both tempering the acrimony of the Humours and also bridling their vitious Effervescence likewise dulling all sense and so powerfully restraining and staying over great and troublesom Vomiting and by the help of these they are reduced to a convenient tranquillity and their Stomach and small Gut are strengthned by which means both other altering Remedies and also even Aliments themselves may be taken with the better success For indeed all these things are taken in vain while a violent loathing and vomiting continue Sylv. de le Boe Prax. l. 3. c. 6. which is to be wholly allayed before either Aliments or gently altering Medicins can be retained XXI We must act cautiously and with premeditation in stopping of Vomiting for we must not do that unless in case of evident necessity Fortis cons XXII If a Flux of Blood happen to a Woman with Child that is hastening to the time of her Travail by which she is much enfeebled the mouth of the Womb is to be closed without delay lest the ambient Air draw forth a greater quantity of Blood and the Spirits that are spent are to be recruited that she may be able to bear the pains of her Travail Now her Travail is not to be promoted either by things taken in at the mouth or by Clysters for by these the flux of Blood would be increased but 't is necessary to pull forth the Foetus by force putting your hand up into the Womb. The weakness of the neck of the Womb whose Ligaments are relaxed favour this operation so that the mouth thereof gapes as if often pains had preceded Unless the Waters break forth of their own accord the Membranes that contain the Foetus are to be gently burst by
came to me at Lausanne I advised him to a Seton likewise by which Remedy chiefly under GOD he was cured Hildanus II. Syrupus de Erysimo Lobelii called Syrupus Praedicatorum is commended which the Author says is Laudatissimus Arteriacus and he writes hist Stirp pag. 103. that by taking of it he cured a young Woman who had had a Hoarsness ten years and that others who have laboured of a tedious and almost incurable Hoarsness have been cured by this Syrup of Hedge-Mustard And I do affirm that I have often experienced the goodness of this Medicin in a very difficult Hoarsness after a Catarrh And therefore all Shops should have it ready prepared Take of green Hedge-Mustard the whole six handfuls Root of Elecampane Colts-foot then full of Juice Lykyrrhize of each one handful and an half of the Cordial Flowers Flowers of Rosemary Stoechas or Betony of each â—alf an handful Aniseeds six drachms Stoned Raisins two drachms Boil them in a sufficient quantity of Barly Water and of Hydromel and Juice of Hedge-Mustard of each six ounces to two pounds or three Add to the Colature a sufficient quantity of Sugar S. Schultzius Misc Cur. ann 72. obs 153. Make a Syrup according to Art III. I have observed that a most grievous Hoarsness which lasted for several months with a total deprivation of Voice was cured only with Spirit of Sal Ammoniack by giving a few drops of it every day in the ordinary Drink And from the singular Cure of this particular Hoarsness I reckoned it had its rise from a Saline Muriatick Spirit not so much eroding the parts allotted for Voice as disaffecting them some inexplicable way which would not give way at all to gross Medicins but yielded easily to this Spirituous one That is since common Medicins that were proper to correct and carry off Salt Muriatick or Acid Humours were almost used in vain in this loss of Voice I might very well think it was not produced by the gross and Corporeal Humours but by some in the form of a Spirit or Exhalation And therefore that it must in like manner be cured with Spirituous Medicins but sub-contrary and therefore with Salts not fixt but volatil which had a power to correct and amend both the Acid Salt Muriatick and Glutinous Humours and the Spirits and Exhalations of them and therefore with Spirit of Sal Ammoniack which the good success and Cure confirmed though it went on but slowly Sylvius de le Boe. Renum Affectus or Diseases of the Kidneys The Contents We must be prudent in the use of Diureticks I. Whether the vertue of outward Applications reach them II. Many Diseases ascribed to other causes derive their original from some fault in them III. Renum Inflammatio or an Inflammation of the Kidneys What Vein must be opened in an Inflammation of the Kidneys IV. A Purge is proper in the declension of the Disease V. Cassia is hurtful VI. Suppositories are better than Clysters VII Repellents and Attrahents must not be put in Clysters VIII When Diureticks are proper IX When the Kidneys may be opened in the Loyns X. External Coolers must not be abused XI Renum Intemperies or Intemperature of the Kidneys Drinking of warm Water is goad for a hot Intemperature of the Kidneys XII Cooling Topicks must often be renewed XIII Renum Prolapsus or a slipping forward of the Kidneys It is difficult to know when the Kidneys are slipt forward XIV Renum Ulcus or an Vlcer of the Kidneys Sometimes a Vomit is good for Vlcerated Kidneys XV. Some Purgatives do harm XVI Whether it be good to drink Milk XVII Horehound is an Enemy XVIII An Vlcer is very difficult to cure XIX Renum Dolor or Pain in the Kidneys A desperate pain of the Kidneys eased by opening of the Hemorrhoids XX. Clysters must have no windy things in them XXI Renum Imbecillitas or Weakness in the Kidneys The signs of Weakness in the Kidneys and its Cure XXII I. WE must never go to work with Diureticks especially with violent ones in Diseases of the Kidneys See Tit. of Diureticks BOOK XIX II. Although Galen 6. Epidem sect 1. comm 6. write that Medicins applied to the Kidneys are of no use both because their substance is very thick and because of the many parts that lie over them which hinder the vertue of the Medicin from penetrating Yet this is no sufficient Obstacle because Medicins by long application do at length exert their virtues upon the inmost parts as the same Galen 6. Zecchius cons 78. tuend sanit cap. 14. has observed III. The Noble Lord N. forty five years old had been troubled for some months with a salt Catarrh about his Genitals and Anus After he had been more than enough tormented for three whole months with the severity of his Disease and with Medicins he repaired to me as to his last refuge I reckoned that the cause of this Disease ought not to be laid to the alone intemperature of the Liver as is now the custom of Empiricks but to the bad constitution of the Kidneys because of which a salt Excrement being long detained in the Body uses to breed such things and that Openers not Coolers ought to be made use of For often a ter immoderate or unseasonable Venery and in such as live upon a gross feculent and salt Diet the Kidneys are affected in this manner Hereby the Expulsive Faculty being spoiled and the passages of the Kidneys obstructed the salt Excrement is forced to go back by the Veins and is cast off thence by sweat through the Skin where according to the various nature of the thing whence it proceeds sometimes it is dissolved sometimes coagulated sometimes it is of one nature sometimes of another But in a short time the said Nobleman recovered his health by the means following The first day he took tincture of Corals and Specificum Stomachicum which some take to be the Flowers of Sal Ammoniack both of which purge the Blood and strengthen the Inwards the Kidneys especially To make the first region clean I gave Decoctum Catholicon purgans and refrigerans for several days Outwardly Balsamus Saturni and Calcinatum majus dulcificatum in a short time compleated the Cure Poterius cent 2. cap. 64. Renum Inflammatio or an Inflammation of the Kidneys IV. Blood must be let in the Arm when the Inflammation is new with a flux of Humours and plenitude of the whole as Forestus obs 30. l. 24. says But it must not be done when the Inflammation is of any continuance and no Fluxion of Humours or plenitude of Body with it because it is then requisite that the Matter be evacuated and derived by the next places which is by Bleeding in the lower Veins Horstius V. Though a Purge be not proper in the beginning lest the disturbed Humours should flow more to the parts affected so that if a violent loosness come at that time it must
be stopt Yet when the Inflammation is a little laid and the Disease is declining a gentle purge may be proper of Manna Rhubarb Diaprunum Simplex Catholicon and Syrup of Roses with a decoction of Lettuce Purslain and other cooling things Riverius VI. But I would not advise you to give Cassia as most do for I cannot chuse but suspect it since it is a little hot and carries the Humours to the part affected Rondeletius VII In this Disease a Suppository is more proper than a Clyster yet a Clyster may be given in a small quantity for a large one distends the Guts and so the Kidneys being pressed the pain is increased Idem VIII We must abstain also from those Clysters which have a repelling faculty as also from such as are very drawing and irritative for so Nature will be incited to send more to those parts Mercatus IX As for provoking of Urine you must only do it when the Inflammations are perfectly concocted otherwise you will but exasperate and increase the Afflux Wherefore we must let it alone till the Pain be laid and the Fluxion ceased ¶ And therefore the greater cold Seeds must be omitted in Emulsions because seeing they are Diuretick they might carry something towards those parts especially while the Fluxion is still in motion for in the declension they may be of use Idem X. If it appear that the Tumour tends to the outside of the Loins and if pain and throbbing be felt by the touch upon the Kidneys so that it is evidently apparent the Ambient Membrane is rather inflamed than the substance of the Kidneys for in this case only I think opening of the Kidneys in the Loins is safe for I reckon that the Kidneys themselves when opened with a red hot Iron do seldom or never heal and though Life remain it is but calamitous and miserable it is the best way to perforate the part affected over the Kidney with a red hot Iron that the virulent Matter may get out And this may be done by applying Plasters first which may draw out the Pus to the outside of the Kidney and may attenuate the part that the opening may more easily be performed Idem XI We must not insist long on cooling things lest the dispersing of the Conjunct Matter be hindred Idem or Scirrhous Tumors should grow ¶ Coolers and Astringents outwardly do but keep in the Superfluous Excrements Zecchius Renum Intemperies or Intemperature of the Kidneys XII Nothing keeps the Kidneys so free from Recrements and so temperate as to drink six or seven ounces of fair Water boiled before Meat twice or at least once a day For their fiery heat is at length extinguished by the coolness of the Water Zecchius so that afterwards they cannot breed the Stone XIII There are some who once every day apply Oil of Roses or Infrigidans Galeni to the Kidneys for cooling of them But this may be doubted because within four or five hours time these Topicks cool no more For in that time the heat of the part has naturally so exceeded them and they are become so like and familiar that they have in a manner lost their whole power of reaction For Alteratives do not act as Food which only nourishes and augments the strength when it is conquered but before they are conquered for Example cooling Alteratives while they react do cool But when they are exceeded the contention and alteration ceases and from thenceforth no cooling can be expected from them Sanctorius Renum Prolapsus or a slipping forward of the Kidneys XIV Sometimes one of the Kidneys is found slipt forward into the Hypogastrium which can scarce be distinguished from the falling down of the Speen See Tit. de Lienis Affectibus BOOK X Renum Ulcus or an Vlcer of the Kidneys XV. Though Avicenna highly commend a Vomit for Ulcerated Kidneys because as he says it cleanses and evacuates and makes revulsion from the Kidneys And though as some report this Disease has been often cured with this Remedy yet we must take notice that it must be given only to such as are easy to Vomit Otherwise the Ulcer would be irritated by its violence Rondeletius advises to give it after Meal because then it is more easy he gives Water and Oil warm and to relax the Stomach he anoints the mouth thereof with Oâ—l of White Lilies XVI If any one make an Electuary to evacuate the common Recrements let him omit Senna Agarick and Tartar if there be an Ulcer in the Kidneys or the Bladder for they exasperate the parts affected Rondeletius and so doth Carthamus XVII Whether is Milk proper Physicians hold the Affirmaâ—ive but with a certain limitation for in the beginning of an Exulceration in as much as there is need of greater abstersion the Antients prescribed Asses or Mares Milk with Honey Now a days Goats Milk is given with Sugar as a thing that by its Niâ—rous substance has a very abstersive faculty But if it appear that the Ulcer is cleansed Cows Milk should rather be given For this Remedy as Mercatus says is both Food and very effectual Physick for by its serous part it is abstersive by the caseous it consolidates and by the butyrous and fat part it asswages pain and the Disease and repairs the strength Nor is it any obstacle that Milk passes difficulty to the Kidneys and chiefly hurts the Bowels for the first is easily helped if Juice of Lemons and other things that carry to the Kidneys be mixt with the Milk the other need not to be feared since Milk is given after Universals Therefore Mercurialis says When Ulcers are pretty foul that Milk is proper which is most abstersive as Asses Mares and Camels Milk But when they are not so foul that Milk is proper which is not so abstersive and breeds Flesh more as Goats Milk At last when the Ulcers are quite cleansed that is proper Horstius Qu 3. Dec. 8. which nourishes most as Sheeps or Cows Milk XVIII Let Horehound be never so much commended by Botanick Authors for several Diseases and especially for such as are Chronical and Contumacious in Cure yet Physicians ought to be circumspect how they use it since Dioscorides 3. de re medica cap. 19. and Pliny lib. 20. cap. 22. do hold that it hurts the Kidneys and that it must be avoided in Ulcers of the Kidneys and Bladder Wherefore since it is evident from Galen that the Colick and the Stone have almost the same signs or that the Symptoms of these two Diseases can hardly be distinguished one from the other I would advise no Man to Horehound when there is the least suspicion that the Kidneys are amiss much less if they be already exulcerated as being a thing in my judgment offensive to the Kidneys in its whoâ—e substance And why in its whole substance Because Experience not Reason has taught us it is so S.
of Horse-radish 4 ounces Winter's bark bruised half an ounce the outer rinds of 4 Oranges and so many Lemons Put them in a Glass with 12 pounds of White Wine Rhenish or small Canary Let the Vessel be stopt and kept in a cool place Pour off the Wine clear when you have occasion to use it It is more usual to prescribe Scorbutick Persons a medicated Ale or Beer for their ordinary drink Get some Wort for a four Gallon Vessel instead of Hops boyl 3 handfuls of Pine or Firr tops in it After it has done working put 3 handful of Scurvy-grass Leaves in it of the root of sharp-pointed Dock prepared 4 ounces Peels of 4 Oranges when it has settled a Week and is clear let it be drunk Such Physick Drinks as these may be diversly prepared with other Ingredients according to the temperament of the Patient and the Disease which sort of Remedy because the Medicamentous particles which alter the Dyscrasie of the Blood are continually carried into its Mass together with the Alimentous Willis de Scorbut◠often do a great deal of good XII In some Scorbutick Persons the use of Scurvy grass Horse-radish Winter's bark and other sharp things that have a volatil Salt in them are found to do a great deal of harm Wherefore in such cases where the morbifick cause consists in a hot Dyscrasie of the Blood like fretted Wines temperate Medicines and such as do not move the particles of the Humours that are apt to ferment of themselves are good wherefore I shall treat of Medicines for this parallel to the former and begin with solid Medicines ELECTVARIES Take of Conserve of Brook-lime Lady-smock made with an equal quantity of Sugar each 3 drachms Species diatriωn Santalωn diarrhodon Abbatis each 1 drachm and an half powder of Ivory 1 drachm Pearl half a drachm Salt of Wormwood Tamarisk each 1 drachm With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Corals make an Electuary Take of Conserve of Wood-sorrel of Hips each 4 ounces or Conserve of root of sharp-pointed Dock root of Cichory each 3 ounces Trochises of Rhubarb 2 drachms Spec. diamargarit frigid 1 drachm and an half bark of Tamarisk 1 drachm Sal prunellae 1 drachm and an half preserved Myrobolans No. 2. With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Myrobolans make an Electuary I use to prescribe this easie Medicine for the poorer sort Take of Leaves of Brooklime 6 ounces Wood-sorrel 2 ounces whitest Sugar 8 ounces let them be pounded adding of powder of sweet Fenil seeds half an ounce powder of Ivory 2 drachms Sal prunellae 1 drachm With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of juice of Brooklime make an Electuary CONFECTIONS Take of the powder of the root of China male Peony each 1 ounce white and yellow Sanders each 3 drachms Ivory 1 drachm and an half Coral sprinkled with the juice of Oranges and ground on a Marble 2 drachms whitest Tartar 1 drachm whitest Sugar dissolved in a sufficient quantity of compound Scordium water 6 ounces Make a Confection Take of the root of candied Eringo candied Scorzonera each 3 ounces pulvis Ari composit half an ounce Species diatrion Santalon 2 drachms Sal prunellae 1 drachm and an half With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Clove gilliflowers make a Confection POWDERS Take of powder of the leaves of Ground-pine Ari compos each 1 ounce and an half powder of Ivory red Coral prepared with juice of Oranges each 2 ounces lozenges of Oranges 2 ounces Mix them Make a powder The Dose 1 spoonful twice a day PILLS Take of Spec. diatriωn santalωn diamargarit frigid each 2 drachms seeds of Citron Carduus bruised each 1 ounce root of Dittany of Crete male Peony each 1 drachm and an half Salt of Tamarisk 2 drachms with a sufficient quantity of Gelly of Harts horn or of Snakes skins make a mass LOZENGES Take of Spec. diatriωn Santalωn diamargarit frigid each 1 drachm and an half powder of Pearl of red Coral prepared powder of Ivory each 1 drachm Sugar dissolved in Scordium water and boyled up for Lozenges 6 ounces Make Lozenges according to Art But if the use of Steel be indicated with such temperate Antiscorbuticks 2 drachms of Magisterium Martis Mynsichti or of Extract of Steel of our preparation may be added to the Electuary or Confection or Mass of Pills In some cases about 2 drachms and an half or 3 drachms of crocus Martis may be added to such a Composition yet it is better to make the Liquors that are to be drunk on the solid Medicines chalybeate then the foresaid compositions Now it remains to give some receipts of the Liquors Decoctions In a Scurvy that comes after a long Feaver such Decoctions as purifie the Blood and plentifully provoke Urine are given with success Take of root of Chervil Scorzonera Sorrel Parsly each 1 ounce Leaves of Liverwort Harts-tongue each 1 handful burnt Harts-horn 2 drachms parings of 3 Apples Corinths 2 ounces Liquorish 3 drachms Boyl them in 4 pounds of Spring water to a Consumption of a third part The Dose is 6 ounces after a solid Medicine To Country People and the poorer sort that after a Fever they may not fall into the Scurvy I use to prescribe the following draught twice a day namely to take of root and leaves of Dandelion 1 handful and an half of Posset drink 1 pound and an half Boyl them to the consumption of a third part strain it for 2 Doses Or Take of root of Dandelion half an handful seeds of Citron Carduus each 1 drachm Boyl them in a pound and an half of Pippin or Syder posset Drink to the consumption of a third part Infusions The Apozems but now prescribed will become much better against the Scurvy if they be made without Liquorish and strained into a Flagon in which a handful of Brooklime and Scurvy-grass Leaves or Lady smock may be put and then a hot and close Infusion made for 6 hours When the liquor is strained keep it in Vessels close stopt The Dose is 6 ounces twice or thrice a day And Chalybeate Infusions are often used namely Salt magistery or extract of Steel may be infused in some decoction or destilled water moreover as natural Spaws so also artificial ones of our preparation of Steel dissolved in Spring-water and impregnated with infusion of Antiscorbuticks are drunk with great benefit Juices and Expressions Take of Leaves of Brooklime Water Cresses each 4 handfuls Wood-sorrel 2 handfuls When they are bruised strain out the juice if it be stopt close in a Glass it will quickly clarifie and settle The Dose is an ounce and an half to 2 ounces with some convenient vehicle Take of Brooklime 4 handfuls Leaves of English Rhubarb 2 handfuls bruise them and strain out the juice Take of Leaves of Brooklime Water Cresses Lady-smock lesser Celandine Sorrel each 2 handfuls When they are bruised strain out the juice add a 4th part of juice of Oranges Keep it in a Glass
warmed When the Atrophy arises from the fault of the affected Blood and therefore perverting the nutritious juice for the most part it has an erratick Fever joyned with Night Sweats inasmuch namely as the Mass of Blood is forced by that degenerate juice into unequal and uncertain Effervescencies and so the troublesome matter is cast off by Night sweat In this case when a spare diet is ordered Decoctions and distilled waters which melt and purifie the Blood may be often taken mixt with Antiscorbuticks Take of the shavings of Ivory of Harts-horn each 2 drachms and an half candied Eringo roots 6 drachms root of Chervil Dandelion each half an ounce Leaves of Harts-tongue Liverwort each 1 handful 1 Apple sliced Raisins 1 handful boyl them in 3 pounds of Spring water to the consumption of a third part Let the colature be poured to 2 handfuls of Leaves of Brooklime bruised Sal prunellae 1 drachm and an half or fixt Nitre 1 drachm Make a hot and close Infusion for 3 hours Take 4 or 6 ounces thrice a day Take of Leaves of Brooklime 4 pounds Sorrel Dandelion the whole each 2 handfuls Snails cleansed 1 pound two Orange Peels When they are shred and bruised pour to them of new Milk or Whey made with Syder or fresh juice of Apples 6 pounds Destil them the common way Take 3 ounces twice or thrice a day Of the Rheumatism We conclude that this Disease comes from the congress and mutual effervescency of Salts that are of a divers original and nature namely of a fixt one coming from the Blood and an acid from the Nervous Liquor The subjects of both these Salts are superfluous faeculencies left by the foresaid Humors when they are forced into a turgescency and poured sometimes into this sometimes into the other part Wherefore that the Disease may be cured both the turgescency of the Humours must be stopt and their superfluous faeculencies purged out also the Salts either way degenerate must be reduced to a state of volatility For the two first intentions a gentle purge and Blood-letting is required in the first place and accordingly as they can bear it must sometime be repeated and also Diureticks and Diaphoreticks which may in some measure convey away the Saline serosities must now and then be given which evacuations that they may be made more sedately and be the better bore by the assistance of nature Opiates must be frequently made use of For the other Scope upon which the chief hinge of the Cure does hang alteratives and especially such as are endued with a Volatil Salt are very good Wherefore in this Case there is a vulgar but no contemptible Medicine to give an Infusion of a Stone Horse dung in white Wine or some distilled water to 3 or 4 ounces twice a day I have given Spirit of Harts horn and of Blood often in these Cases to the Patient 's great advantage Of the Dropsie Whereas we judge there is a twofold Dropsie comes upon the Scurvy that is an habitual and an occasional one about the Cure of the former we commonly lose our Labour for no Remedies are able to restore the Liver and Lungs and other Parts sometimes wholly vitiated and the frame of the Blood when it is utterly subverted In such a Case if any thing can be found to be done the bounds of Medicine are very narrow for there is no place left for Catharticks nor Diaphoreticks nor for strong evacuation of any sort We must insist especially and almost only on Cordials and Diureticks To these ends Elixirs Tinctures Electuaries Powders Infusions Decoctions destilled Waters c. which consist partly of Antihydropicks partly of Antiscorbuticks A Scorbutick Dropsie from an evident cause or raised on a sudden from some occasion does often admit of Cure which indeed that it may succeed the more easily the Tumults of nature ought first to be quieted and its disorders restrained wherefore if watchings do still annoy them Sleep must be procured by use of Opiates and now and then as often as there shall be occasion forced As soon as they are able to be purged the following powder may be taken and at due intervals may sometimes be repeated in the mean time let the Body be kept Solutive by the frequent use of Clysters Take of Mercurius dulcis 1 scruple resin of Jalap from 5 grains to 10 Cloves half a scruple let it be given in a spoonful of Panada At other times Diureticks and sometimes Diaphoreticks may be carefully given Take of the Tincture of Salt of Tartar impregnated with an Infusion of millepedes as much as you please g ve a scruple or two twice a day with some appropriate Liquor Take of the Spirit of Sal Ammoniack what you please The Dose is from half a scruple to 15 drops in the same manner Take of millepedes prepared 3 drachms Salt of Tartar 2 drachms Nutmeg 1 drachm mix them make a powder The Dose is half a scruple twice a day in some proper Liquor Or Take of Bees dried and powdered 2 drachms seed of Ammi powdered 1 drachm oyl of Juniper 1 scruple Turpentine what is sufficient Make a mass of Pills The Dose is from 1 scruple to half a drachm twice a day drinking thereupon some Specifick Liquor Take of Leaves of both Scurvy grasses Water Cresses Pepperwort Arsmart each 3 handfuls Root of Aron Bryony Florentine Orrice each 4 ounces middle rind of Elder 2 handfuls Winter's bark 2 ounces the outer rind of 4 Oranges 3 Lemons fresh Juniper berries 4 ounces when they are shred and bruised pour to them of Rhenish Wine 4 pounds Wine of the juice of Elder berries 2 pounds Destil them the common way let the whole water be mixt The Dose is 3 or 4 ounces twice a day after a Dose of some Medicine prescribed before Decoctions and Physick Ales may be made as before prescribed adding Antihydropick Ingredients Of Rattling of the Bones There yet remains a Symptome which sometimes though rarely befals a Scorbutick Person to wit the rattling of the Bones I have known some but not above 3 or 4 who having been a long time Sick of the Scurvy have felt the hurt of it not only in the Humours and Fleshy Parts but in the very Bones For whenever they bended their Limbs any way the heads of the Bones when they rubbed one against another made a rattling as if they had been bare furthermore when they lay down in their Bed and turned themselves there from side to side you might hear a great rattling from the Collision of the Vertebrae as if you had been jumbling a Skeleton which affrighted the Patients themselves The conjunct cause of this perhaps might seem to be because when the soft Interstice of the Bones that is the Fat Membranes and Ligaments are much wasted the junctures of them like empty Mill-stones make a noise by rubbing one against another Yet it is evident the matter is otherwise for there is no such rattling of the Bones
in extream Consumptive Persons nor are they alwayes that are troubled with this ail Consumptive Wherefore we must rather say that the immediate cause of this Symptome is the dryness of the Bones or want of the Marrow properly so called which ought to be contained within the Cavity of the Bones and especially in the heads of them for seeing all bones owze out Marrow or some unctuous matter every where either at their great Cavities or Pores and narrow passages we reckon the use of this to be as well that the Bones being irrigated thereby may become less brittle as more over that this Humour owzing out at the Nodes of the Bones may supple all the Joynts and so facilitate their motion as the joynts of Machins are greased with fat wherefore the heads of the Bones being destitute of this Marrow make a noise like Coach Wheels when they are seldom greased But if you will inquire into the Procatarctick cause of this Disease why this unctuous obliniment of the Joynts is deficient This indeed must be imputed either to some fault in the Blood as if it did not duly supply the Bones with aliment partaking of Sulphur as well as Salt which indeed is not very likely because the mass of Blood even in Scorbutick Persons contains particles of both the foresaid kinds and besides they that have this rattling of their Bones do shew a Skin and Muscles full enough of fat Or secondly it rather seems that the unctuous Humour wherewith the Joynts are suppled is wanting through the fault of the Bones themselves because to wit their Pores and Passages are so obstructed by some extraneous matter perhaps dreggy or tartareous carried by the Blood that they do not sufficiently receive the Balsame designed them nor does it ouze out to moisten their Joynts Nor will it be easie because the matter is wholly in the dark to inquire the particular reasons of this Ail nor to proceed in this Aitiology beyond such a conjecture as this Nor are we less at a stand when we come to the cure of this Disease for although the primary Indication that is the moistning of the Bones and Joynts be obvious enough yet in what manner and with what Remedies it may be done it does not so plainly appear For in this Case I have known several Sorts of Medicines and various modes of administration tried altogether to no purpose A certain ingenious Person who had been most grievously troubled with this Disease for many years tried the advice of many and indeed Famous Physicians beside the usual Remedies for the Scurvy together with frequent Bleedings and Purgings whereby he found no relief he moreover tried various and great courses of Physick without any success at all for after he had tried one Physicians method for some Months to no purpose he by and by betook himself to another and so afterwards to several In the mean time a new method was alwayes prescribed by each not tried by the former Fomentations Liniments and Frictions are daily applied to all his Joynts One while he goes to Bath then he drinks the Waters sometimes one sometimes another Which doing no good he takes a Chalybeate course then a Decoction of the more temperate Woods then a Milk diet further he was alwayes taking Electuaries distilled Waters Apozemes and other Remedies made of Antiscorbuticks And when he had in this manner for above 3 years constantly almost lived Medically and miserably he was not a jot the better as to the Cure of his foresaid Ail but in the mean time he was pretty strong and had a good Stomach he Married a Wife and as to the other more common Symptomes of the Scurvy he was better Hence you may see how pertinacious a Disease the rattling of the Bones is and that it scarce gives way to any Remedies which I have experienced in others who have been ill of this Disease and have wholly eluded all the pains of the Physician Idem XIV We have already largely explained both the preservatory and curatory Indications which concern the Cure of the Scurvy It yet remains to speak of the Vital Indication that is to declare in what method and with what Remedies the Patients strength when apt to sink may be supported or when decayed or spent may be restored For these ends Cordials and Opiates must be prescribed to be taken according to the Patients exigences and moreover a restorative course of Diet if at any time it be necessary and ever Antiscorbuticks must be prescribed As to Cordial Medicines which put the Blood stagnating in the Heart in motion kindle its flame half put out and restore animal Spirits oppressed or distracted to their due liberty and irradiation it is obvious that several Medicines properly called Antiscorbuticks do perform these intentions such are namely Aqua raphani composita Snail water and lumbricorum Magistralis Spirit of Harts-horn Soot testaceous powders and many other things which may be taken not only at certain hours and according to the method and order prescribed but as there shall be occasion whenever swooning and fainting happen and with good success Yet besides they that are observed to be very subject to passions of the Heart frequent swoonings loathing vomiting trembling Vertigo and other horrible Symptomes should also have ready other manner of Medicines which are more properly called Cordials whereby all sinking of the Spirits may immediately be relieved To this purpose these things are very proper Elixir vitae Qu. majus the second water in destilling of the said Elixir a spoonful of it may be given sweetned also Aqua Mirabilis Aqua Bezoartica Aqua Gilberti temperata Treacle water Cinnamon water to each of which or compounded one with another Confectio Alkermes Confectio de Hyacintho powder of Pearl or magistery of Coral Syrup of Clove gilly-flowers or of Coral or of Citron rind or of Cinnamon may be added Of these and other such sort of Medicines divers forms may be prescribed for example Take of Treacle water Mirabilis each 3 ounces Balm 4 ounces Syrup of Clove-gilly-flowers 1 ounce and an half Confectio Alkermes 1 drachm Mix them The Dose 3 or 4 spoonfuls Or Take of Aqua mirabilis 6 ounces Snail and Walnut water each 2 ounces powder of Pearl 1 scruple Confectio de Hyacintho 1 drachm Syrup of Clove-gilly-flowers 1 ounce Mix them When Scorbutick Women are troubled with Hysterick Fits and Men with Convulsions Take of Water of Balm Pennyroyal each 3 ounces Compound water of Briony 4 ounces Tincture of Castor half an ounce Tincture of Saffron 1 drachm Syrup of Glove-gilly-flowers 1 drachm and an half of Castor tied in a rag and hung in the Glass 1 drachm The Dose 3 or 4 spoonfuls For them that desire their Cordials rather in a solid form Electuaries or Lozenges may be prescribed Take of Flos tunicae 3 ounces Confectio Alkermes half an ounce powder of Pearl 1 drachm With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of
all the Soldiers having the Scurvy who were besieged in a certain Castle were cured ¶ An Infusion of Brooklime and Scurvy-grass in Whey of Goat's Milk is a vulgar Medicine but does truly a great deal of good in the Scurvy ¶ Goose dung is also commended in this case Hofmannus from the juice of which Soldiers troubled with the Scurvy in a Siege found great relief 6. This is a Secret Take of the middle yellow rind of the root of Sloe-Tree 4 handfuls Pepper powdered 2 spoonfuls boyl them with Beer and Water with this Decoction hot wash the Mouth repeating it several times then Take of the juice of Water-Cresses pour to it some Wine mix them and keep them Jobus Kornthaverus wash and rub the Mouth and Gums often with this ¶ Take the juice of Squills rub the Teeth and Gums so the Scurvy is cured 7. Among Diureticks which are used for the Scurvy Penotus his opening Spirit bears the Bell from all others I make it thus Take the Spirit of Goslarian Vitriol 3 pounds and an half Salt of Tartar 2 pounds and an half calcined Flints 6 pounds put them in an Earthen Retort and destil them increasing the Fire by degrees let the caput mortuum be boyled and the Spirit be impregnated with the Salt when it is boyled out of which and Potters clay make balls which being put again into a Retort let them be destilled and the destilled Spirit be rectified and kept for use ¶ Cnoffelius thus prepared his Narcotick Arcanum Take of Vitriol finely pulverized and dried in a certain heat to whiteness half a pound pour to it 30 ounces of rectified Spirit of Wine set it in Horse-dung for a Month when it is poured from the Dregs distil it in Balneo Mariae till the residence of a yellow Liquor like the distilled Oyl keep this when it is cast forth This is far better and safer as the Author affirms then Laudanum Opiatum The Dose is 12 grains in some convenient Liquor 8. The common People in Holland commend a well known and easie Medicine made of the Leaves of Marsh Trefoil for most Scorbutick Persons especially such as are inclined to the Dropsie with very good success I gave to a certain Scorbutick Person who had a Palsie Consumption and Spots Simon Pauli an infusion of marsh Trefoil by the use of which alone he was perfectly well in 14 days I have done the same in others See before § XII XIII XIV Willis his Cure of the Scurvy Scroti Gangraena or a Gangraene of the Cod. A Man about 40 years old being drunk with Wine fell suddenly into a swelling of his Cod with an acute Fever and a sudden failure of Strength he got a Surgeon to cure it who when he observed the blackness of that Part and the exulceration of the whole Penis yea and danger because there was a manifest Gangraene being doubtful of the Cure desired the advice of a Physician When I was called having first given him a Clyster because he had not been at Stool for 2 dayes I prescribed him a Cataplasm of Scordium Rue Meal of Lupines and of Bitter Vetch with Oxymel Wine c. I gave him Diasenna Fracastorii and now and then Treacle-Water because I observed some Malignity communicated to the Heart for without it he could scarce breathe The next day when we took off the Cataplasm we found the outer Cuticle separated and the third day the Scrotum open of it self and about night ten pounds of Water run out The fourth day his Stones were all bare for the Scrotum was fallen away from the pecten to the perinaeum Here we advised what should be done and by drying and incarnating Remedies we prevailed so far in 14 dayes time that we had not only guarded the Stones Petrus Holtzemius with a Scrotum but Nature also had clothed the Scrotum with new hair the whole glans came again to the penis all the Ulcers of the penis were healed and he was able afterwards to act the part of a Man One forty years old a strong Man and of very good habit of Body when in Summer-time he had heated himself excessively and had drunk a great draught of cold Water was within a few dayes taken with a continual Feaver of which he was rather cured by the benefit of Nature than by Art in the mean time the intemperature and fault of his Liver remained wherefore a little after he fell into a Cachexy for he was first taken with a Jaundice then with a Dropsy Dr. Cronenburgius used all things necessary at last a serous Humor falling into the Scrotum they called Dr. Slotanus to consult Both of them use their utmost Industry in the mean time the swelling of the Cod ceases not but by degrees the Native heat being extinct it turns to a Gangraene in the Part. They scarify the Scrotum all over with a Lancet and wash it with Salt and Treacle dissolved in Vinegar not neglecting Vnguentum Aegyptiacum and a Cataplasm of meal of Lupines of Darnel Aloes Myrrhe Scordium and other things that resist putrefaction They prescribe a very good course of Diet Strengthners and Openers of obstructions inwardly and outwardly In the mean time when the Water ran plentifully out of the Scrotum the Patient grew better At length the gangrened Scrotum part of it fell away by the benefit of Nature and Medicines part also which was gangrened was cut off with a Razor so that the Stones might be seen bare the Ulcer remained open for some Months Fabritius Hildanus Cent. 5. Obs 77. In the mean time Nature by this way evacuated whatever excrementitious Humors were in the Bowels so that the Noble Parts were perfectly restored and the Patient fully cured of his Disease Singultus or the Hickup The Contents The Cure must be varied according to the variety of Causes I. A Periodical one which would only give way to Bleeding II. A Tedious one stopt III. The Efficacy of Opiates IV. To what Place outward Applications must be made V. Antimonial Vomits are best in this Case VI. Vomits repeated do good VII Medicines I. B. Sylvaticus gave to one that had had the Hickup grievously for seven dayes Hiera with Oxymel Rhodius when he had voided above 12 ounces of Phlegm he was perfectly well ¶ Several who have been almost killed with the Hickup after purging for 5 dayes with hiera piera Daretus have put an end to the Hickup ¶ One who had had the Hickup 20 dayes and was in great danger of Death was at length saved by an infusion of Mechoacan Epiph. Ferdinandus ¶ A Boy ten years old Hickuped day and night for 8 dayes I gave him water of Green-Nuts destilled with Radish first steeped in Vinegar Although he did not Vomit yet his Hickup ceased after the second Draught about night he was wholly freed of it Platerus ¶ A Surgeon falling Sick was in a little time so troubled with
not to the Breast We do the same also when the Mouth of the Stomach has an Inflammation because it rests upon the Spine along the Neck and Breast to the Belly Wherefore Nurses when Infants and Children are troubled with Vomiting and Turning of the Stomach they think the Gullet and the Mouth of the Stomach are convulse and they set a Cupping-glass to the Belly and they garter up the Skin about the twelfth vertebra of the Back they take it in their Fingers and lift it up or they force it into a Cupping-glass or Jug with Tow kindled as Aetius does Langius Ep. 44. l. 2. which one would think succeeded well and the Vomit stopt because the Gullet and Mouth of the Stomach were restored to their former seat VI. As often as hurtful or sharp Food or Physick or rather Poison is contained in the Stomach and causes the Hickup it ought to be expelled either by Vomit upwards a shorter way or by Purging downwards a longer way which may be understood also of any Humours in the Stomach or small Guts which cause the Hickup I prefer among Vomits Antimonials before all the rest both because they do with success evacuate all Humors promiscuously and because they are most amicable to Humane Nature Silvius de le Boe. reducing all the Humors in Man by some peculiar way to a very laudable State by degrees if so be that too great a quantity of them be not taken at once VII When after Narcoticks have been conveniently used and a Vomit taken and little or nothing is voided upwards or downwards and the Hickup continues if the signs of bad Humours being in the Stomach or in the Guts nigh which cause this Ail you may then safely either the same day but in a less quantity or the next day in little a larger quantity give a Vomit to the end the peccant Humors may either be further corrected or discharged upwards or downwards or both ways For so the cure of the Hickup will be performed safely not unpleasantly and soon enough which is truly rational and dogmatical relying especially on Experience and on sound Reason not on a faint and commentitious one and therefore on a false one Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. There are many who by affrighting People unawares in the Hickup obtain their end others advise to rub the Ear long with the little Finger Jul. Caesar Baricullus And Lysimachus has given out that Sprinkling with cold Water and holding ones Breath stops the Hickup 2. Among the stronger sort of Remedies for the Hickup there is Powder of Dittany if it arise from Cold or Wind with Cretan or Falernian Wine But a Decoction of Dill Alex. Benedictus about 3 Glasses of it drunk at once wonderfully stops the Hickup with pain Rod à Fonseca 3. This Fomentation is very good if Castor Pepper and Mustard boyled in strong Vinegar be applied with a Sponge to the Stomach 4. This is Aselepius his famous Remedy Take of Galangale Saffron Spikenard green Roses Mastiche each 4 scruples Asarum Aloes each 2 scruples Lat. à Fontae Opium 1 scruple with juice of Fleawort make little balls The Dose 1 scruple every Morning See § 1. of the Hickup Sitis or Thirst The Contents The Method of cure is not alwayes the same I. Sweet and Sugered things increase rather than quench Thirst II. The use of Nitre III. Medicines I. THirst is a Passion of the Mouth of the Stomach which is sometimes afflicted by Sympathy sometimes by it self If by it self all agree it must be removed by drinking If by Sympathy with the Lungs not drinking of Water but inspiration of cold Air alone is sufficient to asswage it Nor is it sufficient to know that the primary Affection is in the Lungs and the consent in the Stomach we must consider also whether the Thirst that is caused in the Stomach be proper by consent so as that it be partly caused and partly causing by reason of the Fomenting it by the Lungs for not only Coolers and Moistners should be directed to the Lungs but to the Stomach also Continuance of time and a soft habit declare that an Idiopathy is made Sanctorius l. 2. c. 7. Because that all Sympathy if it continue long and the part affected be soft becomes Idiopathy ¶ The Hermetick Physitians contend that immoderate Thirst comes from thirsty Spirits bred of sulphureous Impurities which will not be sated with simple Cooling and Moistning but with other Spirits analogous to themselves Thus we see in Ague-fits intense Thirst is a little stopt by drinking a great quantity of Water which yet more easily gives way to acid Spirits of Vitriol Riverius l. 9. cap. 4. Sulphur Salt and the like mixt with a far less quantity of Water ¶ If an irregular Thirst arise such as is usually caused by the Dropsie while the Stomach receives Nitrous Salt or a Putrid Vapor or Humor from the Peritonaeum it cannot be stopt by drinking but the plenty of the Salt or Nitrous Humor will be encreased whereby it is also encreased and exasperated but by such things as dull the Sense of the Mouth of the Stomach or qualifie and make gentle the Humors and Vapors so Starch and the Water of it so Mucilages and sometimes fat Things do good to Admiration Mercatus But when the faulty Thirst comes from the heat of the Lungs you may cure it by inspiration of cold Air and often Washing the Mouth with very cold Water ¶ Both watry things which dilute and carry to the Urinary Passages the lixivious Salt of the Bile and Acids which powerfully break and turn its Acrimony and Oyly things which smooth the same Acrimony to wit Milk and Emulsions made of Oyly Seeds â—r Sylvius l. 1 c. 1. cure encreased Thirst above all other things And the Watry things may conveniently be joyned both with the acid and Oyly ones and so they will do the more good ¶ It sometime happens that Thirst is encreased by the Serum where because Water abounds in the Body together with the lixivial Salt Frid Hofmannus m. m. l. 1. c. 19. plentiful drinking is not convenient but an acid Spirit such as Spirit of Salt aperitivus Penoti c. diluted taken by spoonfuls whereby the hurtful Acrimony of the lixivious Salt is powerfully amended ¶ The Cause of it is the Nidorous ferment of the Stomach made over salt and sharp as we see it happens in Feavers Salt Catarrhs the Dropsie c. The Stomach since it has a Coat common with the Gullet and Palate easily communicates it Quality to them and also causes Thirst Want of Moiststure is not sufficient to cause Thirst wherefore Thirst ceases not by drinking unless it carry along with it a Medium Analogous to seize the ferment Wherefore Acids quench a false Thirst just as Water quenches the Fire Idem l. 2. c. 4. Well rectified Spirit of Vitriol
by Cohobation He commends above all others Spirit of Sal Ammoniac inwardly and outwardly mixt with a due vehicle Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Drink every day out of a Mans Skull and the Kings-Evil will then vanish ¶ The Mushrome that grows on a Birch-tree put in Wine and drunk has a singular Virtue in gradually curing and wasting the Kings-Evil Agricola 2. It has been observed that Scroffles and other Tumors fall if the Part affected be rubbed with a dead Man's Hand for so the Swellings gradually vanish Th. Bartholinus as the dead Body rots by degrees 3. Root of Vervain hung about the Neck of one that has the Kings-Evil gives wonderful and unexpected relief ¶ They say Silver-Knapweed is marvellous good also red Poppy steeped in Wine and bruised and the Mucilage applied to the Swelling is a Medicine that does good by tempering and has those Virtues which we require in Medicines for the Kings-Evil over drying things being excluded Paricellus 4. Three Toads boyled in Oyl Olive in a glazed Earthern Vessel make an excellent Oyl for the Kings-Evil but the Fumes of them while the Oyl is in making are dangerous Therefore keep that Vessel close and have a care First they apply Arsenick to the Scroffles and blister them then corrode the Part with sublimate and use the said Oyl which will be yet better if you infuse the salt of Toads in it Borellus 5. This Potion has been often tried which not only takes away the Kings-Evil but all Mucosities of the Throat Take of Broom-flower Water 3 ounces drink it warm with Sugar in the Morning The Powder of Broom-flowers does the same mixt with Honey of Roses Sebast Cortilio 6. The lesser Celandine has 4 or 5 grains like Wheat growing to its root which are used to draw out the Scroffles with great success Crollius 7. Their Cure depends upon the Meazles of Hogs which may be calcined and sprinkled on them and Oyntments may be made of them which are very good for the Cure of these Swellings and these Unguents may be fortified with distilled Oyl of Hogs-Lard or distilled Oyl of Hogs-Meazles which is a specifick against the Kings-Evil Joh. Pet. Faber 8. If the Kings-Evil must be taken away by causticks there is no better Medicine to take them away than sublimated Arsenick but you must have a care Guil. Fabricus that the Parts near the Swellings do not Putrefie or Inflame 9. An excellent Electuary to take away the Kings-Evil is thus made Take of the Bones of a Hen the flesh whereof has been boyled off dry them and powder them Take of this Powder and Seed of Sesamum each alike as much as you will with Honey make an Electuary Take a drachm at a time Morning and Evening all the decrease of the Moon till the new Rod. à Fonseca and then repeat it the following decrease of the Moon 10. The use of the Powder of Sponge will cause it to decrease if you drink as much as you can take upon a Knife's point in cinnamon-Cinnamon-water The Sponge must not be burnt Grembs for then its seminal Virtue is destroyed 11. This is admirable for the Kings-Evil Throat-rupture Parotides and all hardness Take the leaves of Cypress neither the tenderest nor the hardest reduce them to powder Sprinkle them with strong Wine and turn them till the Body of them turn to dreggs Lay it upon the Scroffles or Rupture and the third day take the Medicine you will find the place contracted which must be squeezed out with the Fingers Let this Medicine be repeated and on the Seventh or Ninth day at farthest the Kings-Evil will be gone to a Miracle Hollerius 12. Take of root of Fern Spleenwort Dwarf-elder each 3 ounces cut them and boyl them in the best Wine then pour away the Wine bruise the Roots and add of live Sulphur 1 ounce ashes of Cockle-shells 2 drachms With equal parts of Honey and Vinegar reduce them into the Form of a Cataplasm lay it upon the Scroffles it consumes them wonderfully Fr. Joel 13. There is scarce any Plant of so great Power in softning and discussing Swellings in the Kings-Evil Laurembergius c. as the bulb of Cornflag and Hogs-Lard outwardly applied 14. It has been found by experience that burnt Allum powdered if half a drachm of it have been given in Wine alone or mixt with other discutient and drying Powders Platerus has done much good in this Case 15. Root of Figwort eaten for 10 dayes every Morning fasting cures the Kings-Evil Arnold Villanoanus Stupor or Numbness The Contents Sweat must be promoted if it be from a Melancholick Humor I. Some is cured by Bleeding II. It is to be cured especially by Bathing III. The Numbness of the Thighs ending in the voiding of Stones IV. I. WHen the whole Body is evacuated the matter comprehended in the Nerves must be digested to which end Sweating is reckoned altogether necessary for the portion of the Melancholick Humor which is the cause of Numbness is serous and acid rather than thick and may therefore be got away by Sweat But you must be very careful in composing the decoction so that it may be drying in the passive and temperate in the active Qualities Wherefore Sarsa may be the basis of the decoction to which may be added China Mastich-tree wood of Rosemary and Tamarisk making the infusion in Chicory and Betony-water and when it is almost boyled add an handful of Ground-pine II. Hippocrates cured Stimargus his Maid of Trembling by plentiful Bleeding So I have several times cured Plethorick Bodies of Trembling and Numbness by repeated Bleeding Idem III. Pumping requires the Head should be exactly Purged a Sheeps-skin can but make lax and resolve a little The putting a Limb into an Ox new killed is good rather for shrunk Sinews than for such as are lax and full of Moisture But here is occasion for some Medicine that is of subtil Parts very penetrating and dissolving but not hardning because the Nervous kind is hard and dense Such as is Sulphur wherefore sulphureous Bathes are a Remedy of great use used for several dayes And because they penetrate and dissolve the Humors but do not streng hen the Parts therefore afterwards a strengthning Bathe must be used Idem IV. I lately had a Nobleman under Cure who brought the Advice of the Physicians that had by common consent prescribed him Medicines for the Palsy When I predicted to him that within four dayes he would be eased by voiding fragments of a Stone he laughed at me and my Prediction because no Body else had told him of any such thing nor had he ever voided any Gravel Yet at length with much ado he was perswaded and found that I foretold truth And the Cause is this the Branch of the vena cava descending one goes to the Kidney another to the Thigh and a
intention consisting in a due constitution of the Pores is commonly performed only by outward administration Willis VI. An old Man 72 years of Age was in the year 1657 very ill of a Diaphoretick Sweat so that he was all over in it almost Night and Day and what ever he eat or drank he immediately perceived it pass out at the Pores of the Skin The Cause of this Disease was abundance of serous Humors complicated with the Scurvy which were gathered in the Mass of Blood by a depraved and vitious fermentation in the Organs designed for Sanguification which did not transmute the acid Salts of the Meat into volatil Salts The Disease had lasted 3 Months before my Advice was taken but it was quickly cured by me only with Ivory without Fire and an Emulsion made of the four greater cold Seeds and Cichory and Bugloss-water giving now and then Jalap and Crystall of Tartar Forbearing Wine Sowr Meats and other things that breed Scorbutick Blood He lived until he was fourscore and three years old Hofmannus Suffocatio or Suffocation or Strangling The Contents Bleeding is often convenient I. Fear of Suffocation from the Lungs distended with Wind. II. How they that are strangled with an Halter may be recovered III. By what means they that have been Suffocated in the Water have been brought to Life again IV. The Cure of those that are Choaked with Smoak V. With the Steam of Must VI. With the Veins too full of Blood VII With Worms coming into ones Throat VIII With the swelling of the Thymus IX With poysonous Mushromes X. Men may be taken with Fits like Hysterick ones XI An easy Remedy in fear of Strangling XII 1. FOr them that are Strangled or Choaked the suffocating Humor having recourse to the Throat either because the Blood is forcibly carried to the Heart or Brain whether it come from the Womb or from some other Place Bleeding is never amiss in this Symtome that is if you find the Pulse strong and the Veins full Bleeding is also good when it comes from drinking cold Water as Diascorides advises for Bleeding is not convenient because the Water is alwayes hot or because Infectious but because there is much in the Veins Bocallus II. Sometimes Wind distends the Lungs so violently that it causes Suffocation unless help be given by opening the Breast by Paracentesis which is often done at Paris to the great advantage of the Patient and the ease of the Breast though no Water run out but Wind break out violently Hippocrates calls them 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whose Breast is distended with Wind. Riolanus III. Anne Green a lusty young Woman about 22 years of Age was tried for killing her Child and hung on the Gallows for half an hour Her kindred who stood by that she might be dispatched of her punishment by a speedy Death some of them beat the poor Wretch on the Breast others hung on her Feet and others lift up her Body that as it fell down again it might draw the Halter closer She was reckoned by all People to be Dead and was taken from the Gallows The Physicians waited for the Body to dissect it but Dr. Petty and Dr. Willis who were to dissect it observing her to breathe altered their Minds and consulted how they might save her Life They directed all there Care to procure the free and accustomed Motion of the Blood Therefore forcing open her Mouth they poured in Spirits and Waters which in a small quantity do very efficaciously strengthen the Heart They diminished the quantity of Blood which would otherwise have been burthensome to the oppressed Heart and took at several times repeated in all to the quantity of 20 ounces that the Heart might when eased of the abundance of Blood more easily and readily distribute the rest into the whole Body and might the more eagerly draw to it self that which stagnated in the Veins or moved too dull They laid Cataplasms round her Neck and anointed her all over with Oyls and hot Spirits that the Bruises might be discussed and that the Blood might pass more freely to the Head by the Carotides and repass by the Jugulars They ordered Clysters full of Spices to be given her both that they might get out the Excrements which perhaps might be troublesome to the Guts and might prove more prejudicial to other Parts and that they might quicken the Motion of the dull Blood in the mesenterick Vessels Upon this she first scratched her Hands by and by she could open her Eyes and move several Parts and was able to Cough Afterwards being further helped by the dexterity of the Physicians she could understand the by standers talk observe and laugh She found a Pain and numbness in the bruised Parts and in a few dayes time she was well and was able to go about her Affairs Wepferus IV. A Girl not three years old fell into a Vessel full of Soap-water and being full of it she seemed to Breathe her last she slept profoundly rattled and scarce drawing any Breath was quite Choaked such a murmuring Noise coming upon her as is usual in People that are dying I was called and I ordered that a Decoction of Barly unhusked Liquorish and Figs should continually be poured in a little warm and when she had Vomited gently and had cast up all the Soap-water and freed her in a few hours from Suffocation her Mother if I had not hindred her had given her Rhenish Wine which indeed is amicable to Nature but it might not only have easily carried the poysonous Matter in the Soap to the Heart but it might easily have raised an inflammation and a Fever In the year 1577. when a great many Boyes and Girles had got upon an old rotten Bridge to see a Soldier that was fallen into the Water The Bridge broke and a great number fell into the Water and were in danger of their Lives to whom when I was called they all escaped by taking a Decoction of Chamaemil Flowers in Beer by which we made them sweat in Bed which I did to several others and they all recovered Forestus My Son Frederick Bonet 20 Months old she that tended him having left him was walking over a Pit full of new quenched Lime and being thrust by one about his own Age he fell into it She who had the care of him coming immediately jumped into the Pit threw him upon the edge of it and she her self could scarce get out by reason of the deepness of the Pit and softness of the Lime She immediately poured some Wine that happened to be in the way into his Mouth when he breathed not at all but seemed as one dead by means whereof he vomited the Water and some signs of life appeared By and by lest the Acrimony of the Lime wherewith his whole Body was smeared should hurt him she cut the Girdle wherewith his Clothes were tied and put him naked into a Pale of Water and
to revive And these were so much the more irregular and showed so much the more intense putrefaction by how much the matter of which they were bred was more thick and faeculent As to the Cure I have admired at the quite contrary Indications which this Disease seems to intimate to me For on the one hand it was clear that the Symptomes which depend upon too great Inflammation were immediately produced by a hot regiment as a Fever Phrensy Purple Spots c. to which this Disease above all other is subject And on the other hand an over cold regiment did hinder the Swelling of the Hands and Face which is here very necessary and render the Pustules more flat After I had much and often revolved these things anxiously with my self I at length understood that it was possible to help both these inconveniences together at the same time for by allowing the liberal use of water boyled with Milk of small Beer or of some such other Liquor it was in my power to check the internal rage of the blood and on the other hand by keeping the Patient constantly in bed not putting out so much as an Arm I could by the gentle heat thereof promote the elevation of the Pustules and the swelling of the face and hands Nor is this Method inconsistent with it self for the blood when the eruption is at an end is reckoned to have discharged the inflamed Particles into the habit of the Body and not then to want provocatives to a further secretion of the matter so that since then the whole stress of the business lies in the habit of the Body and in ripening the Abscesses we must only take care on the score of the blood that it may be preserved from hot Vapours struck in from the flesh beset with Pustles and on the score of the Pustles that they may be brought to maturity by the gentle heat of the external parts But then how happily soever this Method of mine had succeeded in other Confluent small Pox yet in these of this Constitution my Method failed me so that most of these that were very ill of them died whether they used the Method now recommended by me or a hotter Regiment and Cordials Therefore I fully understood that something was yet wanting beside these things which might conduce either to the checking of ebullition of the Blood or to raise the Pustules and the Swelling of the Face and Hands that is that something was wanting which might be sufficient to conquer an intense Putrefaction which was observed to be higher in these than in any other At last Spirit of Vitriol came into my mind which I thought might satisfie both intentions both the resisting of putrefaction and stilling the rage of the Blood Wherefore leaving the Patient to himself till both his pain and inclination to Vomit which use to go before eruption were ceased and all the Small Pox were come out at length on the 5th or 6th day I ordered Spirit of Vitriol to be dropt into small Beer to a moderate acidity for his ordinary drink to drink his pleasure but more freely when the Fever of maturation was at hand which drink I ordered him to take every day till he was perfectly recovered This Spirit as if it had been Specifick for this Disease did check all Symptomes to a miracle The Face swelled sooner and far higher The interstices of the Small Pox inclined more to a red colour like a Damask Rose The small Pustules grew great at least as big as that sort would bear The Pustules also which otherwise had appeared to be black did here discharge a certain yellow matter resembling an Honey-comb Then the Face was instead of black tinged with a deep brown colour They ripened sooner and run through all the other times sooner by a day or two And all these things came to pass if they drank freely of the foresaid Liquor Wherefore whenever I observed that the Patient refused to take a quantity sufficient to conquer his Symptomes I gave him now and then this Spirit mixt either with some Syrup in a spoon or with Syrup and distilled water added to it that the more sparing use of this Liquor might be compensated I have reckoned up the divers conveniences of this Medicine Inconvenience indeed I could never yet observe any the least arise from it for although Salivation be usually stopt on the 11th or 15th day by it instead whereof some stools about that time do serve yet the Patient will be less endangered by these than by it because they that are sick of the Confluent Small Pox are chiefly in danger because in these dayes the Spittle being made viscid choaks a Man which indeed a loosness in this case helps which will either cease of self or at least when there is no danger from the small Pox it may be stopt by drinking Milk and Water and by taking of Narcoticks In the mean time the Patient being laid in his Bed and his Arms covered I would not suffer him to have more Clothes on him than ordinary I allowed him also to move himself from one part of the Bed to the other as he pleased to prevent Sweats to which he was much inclined notwithstanding this Remedy in the mean time he lived upon Oat-meal and Barly grewel and sometimes a roasted Apple Towards the latter end if either the Patient were faint or sick at his Stomach I indulged him 3 or 4 spoonfuls of Canary Wine And after the 5th or 6th day I ordered him being a grown Person for Children had no need of it a Paregorick draught to be taken every Evening betimes that is 14 drops of liquid Laudanum in Cowslip water On the 14th day I suffered the Patient to rise from his Bed on the 21th I got him let Blood and then I purged him twice or thrice which being done the Patient's Face looked better and of a more lively colour than theirs used to do whom this Disease had handled ill Besides the method here recommended does not suffer the Face to be disfigured with Scars Sydenham which proceed from hot and enraged Humours eroding the Skin XXXV The Small Pox must not be neglected but an exact account must be taken of them and a sollicitous cure must be insisted on First when they are Epidemical and one or more Children are taken with them in the same House and there are more yet that have not had them and indeed for prevention sake from so grievous and difficult a Disease 2. Upon the account of them in whom while the Fever is urgent the Humour that produces the Small Pox is moved up and down the Body with the Blood 3. When Spots and Pustules are come out all the Body over and they begin to be inflamed and to hasten to suppuration 4. When the same Small Pox are in suppuration or cease to suppurate 5. When signs remain of a Humour that produces the Small Pox not sufficiently expelled
have been reckoned to have escaped them they have been over fed before the time by the silly Women as if they despised this Disease But the wicked Small Pox growing ill again and burning a new did fiercely assault the little ones and scalding them or rather roasting them with inextinguishable heat did at last kill them And truly edacity in the Small Pox is usually an ill Sign Therefore we must not trust them in the beginning of the declination and melioration But according to Hippocrates his rule Eph. 15.2 The Urine and Ordure must be lookt into which if they be bilious and of a bad colour it is a sign that the Body is yet impure Joseph Medâ— apâ—â— uâ— which by how much more you nourish by so much more you hurt Have a care therefore of a full diet and you may conquer the remainder of the Putrefaction and Cacochymy LXVIII A Boy five years old being ill of the Small Pox was the third day taken with a Bloody Flux and frequent desire of going to Stool he voided pituitous and mucous stuff with a great quantity of Blood the Pustules were small white and flat I prescribed thus Take of red Roses 1 pugâ—â— red Sanders half an ounce scraped Liquorish and stoned Raisins each 1 ounce boyl them in Sheep's head broth In 9 ounces of the Colature dissolve of Confectio de Hyacintho 3 drachms Conserve of Roses passed through a Sieve half an ounce the yolk of an Egg. Mix them Make a Clyster Give it often Take of water of Scabious Carduus Benedictus each 1 ounce and an half Syrup of dried Roses 1 ounce Coral and Pearl prepared each 1 scruple Bezoar stone 3 grains Confectio de Hyacintho half a drachm Make a Julep Give it twice a day Take Oleum Scorpionum Matthioli Anoint the Groins and Armpits often hot After he had taken the Clyster twice and his Julep twice the Bloody Flux quite ceased and the Pustules began to come out more violently and afterwards he underwent the Disease quietly till he was perfectly well Although the Remedies proposed be vulgar ones yet this case deserves observation Riverius Cent. 1. Obs 71. because the event was not vulgar for of all the Children in the Small Pox that I have hitherto seen only this one had the Bloody-Flux LXIX I learned that a Loosness coming upon the Small Pox is not alwayes fatal from my own Daughter Elizabeth who anno 1670 in the Month of September being about 4 years old was upon the 7th day from the coming out of the Small Pox taken with a Loosness which proved critical and salutary first of serous then of thick and variegated Humours which a violent Swooning preceeded I used no astringents to stop it being content with the use of gentle Diaphoreticks because it began on a critical day appetite was good and there was no striking in of the Small Pox This lasted 3 days and a little after she recovered And this was observable that whereas before the coming out of the Small Pox she was impatient of all Clothes so that her Legs and Thighs were exposed to the open Air there and about her Face the Small Pox came out more plentifully than about her Back Arms and Breast which were clothed So that it seems very probable to me that the matter of the Small Pox in the covered parts expired by occult transpiration and that it would have been so in the rest had they been covered LXX It must be observed that in Children sick of the Small Pox a Loosness is often caused by Worms and continues almost all the time of the Disease whereby Life is in imminent danger because the coming out of the Small Pox is abated or hindred And this is easily known by the thickness and sliminess and the gray or white colour of the excrements for then things that kill Worms and sweet Clysters must be given LXXI When watry Pustules came here and there all over a Boys Body but all of them struck in through the ill management of the by-standers the Patient falling into Swoons and coldness in his extream parts lest nothing should be done in so dangerous a case because the Patient could swallow no Medicines I apply four Vesicatories to the inside of the Arms and Thighs following the duct of the greater Veins in hopes that the Poysonous Humour being recalled to the Skin might find a more ready passage out In short the water returned into its cells Olaus Borrichius and though they turned slowly into Pus they made way from certain despair to former health LXXII A Woman was taken with the Measles her whole Body was covered with them and she had a violent Fever She had moreover a most grievous Symptome a thin defluxion upon her Lungs which often made her Cough and put her in fear of choaking with an hoarseness A Vesicatory was applied to the Neck and 2 grains of Laudanum were given in Conserve of Roses the defluxion stopt that whole Night it returned the next day and Laudanum was given again with the same effect whereby the Woman was brought in a few dayes to a convalescence her hoarseness remaining for a long time Riverius LXXIII A young Man about 20 years old of a thin Body and an hot Constitution in the beginning of Spring began to have a Fever the first days grievous Vomitings oppression at his Heart frequent hot and cold Fits by turns pain in his Loins watching c. did trouble him On the third day the Small Pox appearing these Symptomes abated yet the Fever with thirst and heat continued Not only the Decoctions usual in this Disease but the most grateful Juleps were nauseous and troublesome to him Whenever at the hour of Sleep he took Diascordium or any other temperate Cordial to continue transpiration though but in a little quantity he was very restless the Night following and the next Morning bled at his Nose which when the Small Pox indeed were fully come out happening once and again upon this occasion the Patients fafety was highly endangered Wherefore observing his Blood to be apt to ferment immoderately upon any slight irritation I according to the occasion insisted on this method Leaving off all manner of Medicine he drank small Beer and emulsions of Almonds to quench his thirst as much as he pleased Because he refused all Oatmeal and Barly grewel he had for his Diet Apples boyled till they were tender and then seasoned with Sugar and Rose water which he eat several times a day Nature being content with this thin course and seeming to be disturbed with any other happily finished her work so that the Small Pox ripening and then falling off of themselves Willis de feb c. 15. the Patient recovered without any grievous Symptome afterwards LXXIV In the middle of Autumn a young Man who had a sharp Blood and had been often subject to bleed at the Nose was ill of the Small Pox His Blood fermented immoderately
Hemlock XXXIV Drinking of Milk is good after taking it XXXV Whether Antimony be Poysonous XXXVI Whether Quicksilver be Poysonous XXXVII The Antidote of Mercury precipitate and of Arsenick XXXVIII When Arsenick is taken whether drinking cold water be proper XXXIX Cinnabar may safely be taken inwardly XL. Milk curdled on the Stomach must be Vomited up XLI The cure of an unknown Poyson XLII Poyson drawn out by inclosing the Patient in a Mule when his Guts were taken out XLIII The Remedy of a Philtrum found out by chance XLIV Whether Diseases caused by Witchcraft be curable XLV The cure of a Disease caused by a Witch XLVI The cure of Poyson contracted from bewitching XLVII Whether upon taking Poyson preparers c. should be premised XLVIII Medicines I. NOw that we are treating of the manner how Alexipharmacks act we presuppose that Poysons violently oppose the innate heat or the consistency of the Blood and Serum and their intimate mixture 2. That they do not work so much by occult as by manifest qualities in regard of the said Hypothesis inasmuch as they cause a more or less violent resolution of the Blood according to the degrees of energy in acting Hence as many errors have sprung up in Physick Physicians not thoroughly considering in what the nature of Poysons consists and acquiescing in their occult quality only so also they have been mistaken about the activity and virtue of Alexipharmacks which have been hitherto thought to work by some occult quality whence arose so many Elogies of the Bezoar Stone that it has been reckoned the conqueror of all Poysons and so in the Unicorn II. This is to be observed as a general rule concerning particular Poysons wherever a particular Poyson is not known we must fly to general Antidotes but if it be known we must oppose to it besides Universals which strengthen the Heart and the innate heat Specificks that is proper contraries And then likewise we must take notice that there are many Lies in Books concerning Poysons and there are both Poysons and Antidotes described which were never seen used or any way applied III. Poyson directly opposite to our nature is threefold It hurts 1. The Spirits 2. The Humours 3. The solid Parts According to the differences whereof the Physician must be diligent and cautious Nor let him think that Mithridate or Treacle or Treacle water can conquer all Diseases And among all Poysons they are the worst that hurt the Spirits both because they possess the noblest parts and because they are difficultly known For since they are not visible but for the most part aerial they enter the Body by Smelling or Breathing and not by meat or drink Hence it is that oftentimes there can be no suspicion of Poyson and the rather because while the Poyson is not yet well rooted some accidents common to other Diseases appear which deceive the Physician Let him therefore have Medicines prepared which may cherish and defend the Spirits by expelling the Poyson which is directly opposite to the Spirits Nor should he let a Poysoned Prince alone through his negligence to dye afterwards miserable as if he had only a little Fever Panarolâ—â— Obs 27. Pentec 3. or some slight Disease But no Physicians treat of Spirituous Poysons IV. Many who do things hap hazard take allmost all their Medicines from Poysons prepared when yet this should only be done in desperate Diseases when gentle things have been tried in vain according to Hippocrates because very bad Symptomes arise and often times death upon applying them only outwardly So a certain Noble-Woman who desired to make her Breasts less by the advice of a certain Physician applyed Hemlock to them So another to get the marks out of her Paps and the top of her Breast applied a Remedy made of Arsenick and other Poysons Borellus Cent. 2. Obs 3. But both of them while they were careful to preserve their Beauties lost their Lives V. Some say if two Poysons be taken inwardly they will fight one with another and leave the Body unhurt as Pliny writes of Wolfsbane that if it find an equal Poyson to contend with it will be utterly destroyed by its equal Poyson and the Man will live but if it find no such Poyson it kills a Man And the story in Ausonious of an Adulteress who gave her Husband Poyson and thinking what she had given too little she gave him Quicksilver either of which alone the Poet thinks would have poysoned him but both together one destroyed the other I cannot allow this for I know that Wolfs-bane taken by a sound or by a poysoned Man has alwayes a mortal faculty And I should think that Physician very ill advised who should give one Poyson after another that one might weaken the other Ausonius his Adulteress cured her Husband not because of the fighting of the two Poysons together as he thinks but because of the weight of the Quick-silver that carried down the other Poyson before it was actuated Augenius VI. Avicenna sayes that in the Venome of Venomous Creatures which go right to the Heart Bleeding drives the Venome to the Heart Palmarius VII We know that Diascorides and other ancient Physicians evacuated generally in curing of Poysons In the Poyson of a Sea-Hare l. 6. c. 30. he gives a drachm of Hellebore and Scammony Avicenna in the bite of a Viper gives Turpeth and writing of Agarick he sayes it is very good against Poysons if it be taken in Wine And not only as it acts from propriety which many of the moderns have thought but as it purges for he gives almost 2 drachms of it which quantity will purge sufficiently Rubaeus in Celsum But if purging would hurt those that are poysoned so great a quantity of it had not been given VIII A Savoyard a strong Man and Phlegmatick about 40 years old dwelling near the lake Lemane was together with his Wife poysoned at a Feast She died a little after he being very ill left the care of burying his Wife to his Friends and crossed the Lake to me about 6 a clock in the Morning Aphorism 6.1 of Hippocrates came into my mind Wherefore when I found that the Poyson was still in his Stomach from his pain belching and other signs and therefore there must be occasion for a strong Vomit I gave him immediately 6 grains of prepared Antimony in substance for the violence of the Disease would not admit me to give the Infusion with 2 scruples of Confectio Alkermes and a little Harts-horn burnt and prepared The same day after he had Vomited much the pain and burning at his Stomach almost wholly abated Every day after he took some strengthening Electuary For his ordinary drink he had nothing but Almond Milk with Sugar and a little burnt Harts-horn prepared Hildanus Within a few dayes he was perfectly well IX If Poysons be taken inwardly the whole stress of the Cure lies on Vomiting and giving of
necessary that they should violently irritate and provoke the Stomach when the Stomach is already pursed up let large draughts of warm water and oyl be often repeated for so the wayes are made more lax and the Vomit comes sooner with less straining Wepferus de Cicura Aquatica You must proceed in these draughts till all the Hemlock be discharged out of the Stomach XXXII Henbane is thought cold in the third and dry in the first degree the reason is because Galen has said so and because it is used successfully to hot destillations to thicken obtund and sweeten Rheum But I reckon the same fate has befallen Henbane which befell Hemlock while its virtues have only been cursorily observed and almost only according to one or two Mens sayings of it In the year 1649. A Sallet was prepared whose matter should have been Cichory roots boyled they grew on the same Bed together with Henbane Hereupon some found their Heads go round others had their Tongues and Lips distorted their Throat harsh c. There was one who studied to take off the heat of the Mouth with a Gargle but the Tongue was as if it had been fried in a pan and refused all Medicine The madness and intemperature which befel some were not so very dull that they could be imputed to cold Idem c. XXXIII Hemlock as Henbane also is the safest and certainest way got out of the Stomach by Vomiting Purges would carry it off by long windings and turnings not without danger whilst a new affliction would be added to the Patient sufficiently afflicted already with the raging torments of his Stomach when the enemy were forced to the Guts to which it would be no less troublesome than to the Stomach and some of them would be less able to bear it because they are tender and endued with a most exquisite sense And this must be done before the use of any other Medicines lest the virulence of the Hemlock be sharpned the irritated stomach be exasperated and the Hemlock or the ferment of the stomach tainted with its juice get into the Guts and being mixt with the Chyle into the mass of blood Dioscorides seems to advise the same Idem XXXIV When all or the greatest share of the Hemlock is got out of the stomach and guts Diascorides de Alexipharma cap. 11. thinks then men should drink generous wine as the greatest and most present remedy Pliny n. h. 25. l. c. 13. without doubt commends a hot Wine because he thought Hemlock among many other things to be cooling which he plainly intimates when he affirms that the juyce made of the seed kills a man by thickning his blood But since from many reasons and experiments it is clear that Hemlock is hot Wine must do good some other way than by heating and it appears more probable to me that Wine when the Hemlock is got out of the stomach is therefore a more present remedy because it speedily repairs the Spirits lost by the vehement affliction raises them opprest because the circulation of the Blood is sometimes hindred and sometimes most confused and this way above all others it restores the strength Wine will do these things more effectually if according to Dioscorides his advice Wormwood Pepper Castor Rue Mint Amomum Etyrax Nettle seeâ— Bay-leaves be added or any of the like nature found out by Dioscorides his followers The great Antidotes Treacle Mithridate Orvietan will do good in as much as they dissolve the Blood and lympha while they stagnate somewhere or other their circular Motion being intercepted through the conflict upon taking the Hemlock and therefore leave behind them some oppression of the Spirits weariness and other troubles Idem XXXV Santorellus his Advice Antipr l. 21. cap. 10. must not here be passed by who after he had not disapproved Sudorificks in the foresaid Cases if the Poyson had insinuated it self to the inmost Parts and had preferred for a Poyson newly taken fat things Milk Butter Oyl subjoyns at last That drinking of warm Water and Milk does good because they have a power to extinguish Heat which Poysons for the most part cause Yet this must be carefully observed that Milk must not be immediately drunk after Wine nor Wine upon Milk lest it should curdle whence new Disturbances might be feared which they do experience who endeavour to cure or asswage the Gout by drinking of Milk XXXVI Antimony is as it were the spring and source of many excellent Medicines while the energies of all Metalls and Minerals and the Cures of most grievous Diseases are comprehended in this as in an inexhaustible Abyss so that wholesom Medicines may be got out of this as out of Amalthaea's Horn which by dissolution and abstersion remove and consume Impurities and morbifick Ferments which are Enemies to Nature together with their Anodyne and comforting Virtue Yet seeing according to Paracelsus it is the mere Marcasite of Saturn having an Arsenical Sulphur in it self it is not void of all poysonous Quality for it has in it a certain subtil acid Salt which consists of a poysonous Vapor or Steam almost of no substance as is manifest from its Glass for an halituous Poyson is sent from the Antimony either by the flame of the Fire or burning of Nitre then the Minera or its salt Subject is again sated with the said Spirits of the acid Salt which yet because they consist of Flame and Nitre are not proper to the Antimony yet in the mean time they exercise the same violence Hofmannus XXXVII Some maintain that Quicksilver is harmless because it is taken by many yea by Children in the Worms without damage Others backed by Experience say it is poysonous because it just as other Poysons do causes Stupidity Convulsion Trembling the Palsy Epilepsy Apoplexy Swooning yea sometimes Death and they are seldome found to be long-lived who dig in its Mines And I think this latter Opinion more consentaneous to Truth As to the Experience of them that have taken it without hurt that excludes not its venosity For that an Action may be done a right application of the Agent to the Patient and some continuance of time is required which if wanting in them that have taken Quicksilver it can do no hurt For it is given either alive or prepared If alive it is less hurtful for seeing it is a Body most exactly mixt and its minime Parts do pertinaciously one stick to another which is the reason why it is perpetually moveable while it is entire and alive and that it does our Bodies little or no harm but is presently voided by stool for in the very same manner as a leaden Bullet swallowed is voided presently without any harm done but if it be dissolved into minime Particles and tarry till it contract rust it may do much mischief So if Quicksilver be taken entire moveable and coherent to it self and by reason of its mobility be presently voided
the Body it does no harm but if it be resolved into minime Parts especially by the admixtion of Salts and by their means be fastned as it were to the Body and penetrate into it both outwardly and inwardly used it causes most grievous Mischiefs as either sublimate or precipitate doth shew Nor must the corrosive Virtue be attributed to the Salts for in the Fume that exhales in gilding of Silver there is nothing of Salt and yet it is exceeding mischievous Nor can that little Salt that is mixt with sublimate or precipitate do so much damage seeing Salt though given in a great quantity does no such thing As for prepared Mercury many indeed extoll Mercurial Medicines some call the precipitate Powder Angelicus otherwise prepared Mercurius vitae Some judge that Mercurius dulcis rightly prepared is as gentle a Medicine as Manna Tamarinds or Cassia But these praises are too high and their rashness is to be blamed who give Mercury in any Diseases whatever for there are many Examples of such as have perished or been in great danger of their Lives by the use of such Medicines Therefore Fabricius Hildanus calls Mercurius vitae either Mercurius mortis or vitae aeternae It is certain that Mercurius dulcis Sennertus which yet is reckoned the mildest may sometimes do mischief ¶ Although Quicklver as quick and moveable be not Poyson nor have any affinity with Poyson so that it has been experienced it may be taken safely inwardly yet the Physician must be very cautious in this lest it be adulterated or ill prepared and that he give it not to Hypochondriacks Spleneâ—icks and others that have too acid a Ferment in there Stomach or a Blood abounding with strong acid and corrosive volatil Salts which might render Mercury of the Nature of precipitate For that Mercury resolved whether precipitate or sublimate is a Poyson the dire Symptomes common to other Poysons which it immediately causes in the Body Hofmannus as soon as it is taken do evince XXXVIII But Precipitate Arsenick and Metallicks of the like Nature c. as they act plainly by a manifest that is by a corrosive Quality so Treacle which is properly designed for the Venemous bitings of Animals and was invented therefore will scarce alone do these any good but Obtunders and Asswagers fat Things Oyl of sweet Almonds common Oyl c. serve instead of an Antidote Therefore they who on the Stage do commend their Treacles by taking Mercury precipitate or Orpiment do first fore-arm themselves with store of Butter Then Praecipitants of mountain Crystall and other things are given which of themselves in a slight case might do good for though they be given in a large Dose and Nature do not ease her self by spontaneous Vomit they are in vain For neither a proportion between the Agent and Patient can easily be found nor can the Antidote be so well actuated by the Stomach if the Stomach be ruined and a mortal Eschar and a Gangrene be caused therein Saturnines taken inwards as leaden Bullets do turn into a kind of Saccharum and are corroded by degrees Wedelius upon taking Acids XXXIX Mercurialis writes that to drink Water plentifully is admirable good for such as have taken Arsenick He proves it first from the example of Dogs which he put into Caverns where Arsenick was and when they were taken out lifeless he poured Water into them and they revived Secondly from Mice which they say escape if they drink Water But as I do not dislike Water so Forestus lib. 30. obs 5. seems well to disapprove of drinking cold Water because it checks not the Poyson but seems rather by its coldness to retain it in the Body warm Water Senâ—ertus drunk till one vomit seems more convenient XL. It is quaeried whether crude Cinnabar may be given D. J. Michaëlis approved of it but depurated which is to be valued in the most desperate Diseases with a multitude of Symptomes for though directly and of it self it be not a Diaphoretick yet it is an useful Exalter and a most present and safe Alexiterick But Cinnabar of Antimony say some dissolved in warm Water turns to a white Powder of the same Nature with Mercurius vitae The native is easily turned into running Mercury and so that back again into Cinnabar And therefore since both of them retain their pristine Nature they may cause the very same Symptomes as Mercury either crude or prepared But these Arguments do not at all deter me from the use of it for first of all that mechanick one of the transmutation of Cinnabar of Antimony with hot Water into white Mercurius vitae is false Then grant that Mercury may easily be got out of native Cinnabar what then Mercury tied up with the Sulphur of Antimony in the Cinnabar is not at its Liberty but being tied with the Fetters of the other is then wholly free from these grievous Disturbances which either at liberty or entangled with corrosive Salts it uses to raise and it has those illustrious Qualities which resist contagious and epidemical Diseases and the Plague it self by a singular propriety if it be worn outwardly And though this Cinnabar when taken yield not to the digestion of the Stomach nor can be received into the oeconomy of our Body yet as long as it stays in the Stomach Hofmannuâ— it variously and admirably affects our Archeus by alteration XLI Many have taken notice what grievous Symptomes may arise from curdled Milk but the Question is whether a Vomit be convenient to get it out of the Stomach Matthiolus denies it and rejects a Vomit because if one should endeavour to bring it up it might easily stick in the Throat and choak a Man But Sennertus 6. pract p. 8. c. 34. prescribes Vomits but after Things have been given to dissolve Milk as Oxymel Mummy Sperma ceti c. XLII In a certain Village three had eaten of one Thing and they were all Poysoned and were taken with a violent Pain at the Stomach One of them sent his Urine to me which when I looked on it was thin of Substance and of a green Colour which gave some suspicion of Poyson For a green Urine according to Avicenna l. 1. fen 1. s. 2. doct 2. signifies a Convulsion in Children or that Poyson has been taken And if there be an Hypostasis or settling in it there is Hope of Life otherwise there is danger When he that brought me the Urine had told me the Story he increased my suspicion Therefore I prescribe him a Vomit and that he should also take fat Things whereby as I afterwards understood he was presently freed of his Pain and was cured but another before he could take any Advice died suddenly and the third when he understood that I had cured the former did after some delay send his Urine to me I prescribed him a Vomit also of a decoction of Rhadish and Oxymel and after he had taken
cold and dry it scarce ever primarily and of it self labors under a hot Intemperature Whenever therefore signs of its being hot show themselves by inquenchable Thirst desire of cold Drink blackness and driness of Tongue refreshment by cold Things whether taken or applied offence by hot Things nidorous Belchings loathing bitterness of the Mouth and loss of Appetite the neighboring Liver must be blamed from Sympathy wherewith the Stomach is easily affected for seeing it lies close to the Liver the Liver easily communicates its Qualities to it Sanctoriuâ— X. An Intemperature of the Stomach with an Humor whether it be from a cold or an hot Cause must be corrected by premising a gentle Vomit For so we may more easily discharge the mass of Humors which is continually breeding there then if we should use Purgers Moreover by that means the Humor sticking to the folds of the Stomach is more easily cleansed and the Intemperature if it be not either innate Harâ—mannuâ— or very inveterate is corrected XI Seeing in a cold Stomach full of Phlegm the Indicant continues a long time we must therefore a long time and every day use Medicines for it if Strength will permit And the Strength permits the frequent use of hot Medicines which are not unpleasant as Diatrion pip diacalam Which we may use every day but we cannot use Hiera constantly because of its bitterness Yet we must not be too sparing in the use of Hiera when Matter is sticking in a cold and moist Stomach Especially if Hiera be made with 80 drachms of Aloes and not 120 drachms Therefore the Apothecaries must be ordered to have Species Hierae made 2 wayes For when we would prepare the Body Hiera of 80 drachms is most effectual If 2 scruples or a drachm be taken and made into a Bolus with Sugar or Honey and given frequently Cappivacâ—ius for this is a most wholesom preparing Medicine XII Whether may we give a Purge to a weak and cold Stomach which concocts slowly and ill and is also full of cold and gross Humors For we may strengthen no Part when it is full of ill Juices but it is known that a weak Stomach cannot well bear Purging Yet this must be understood of strong Purgers for such as Purge gently as Rheubaâ—b Hiera Simplex and Myrobalans Zecchius Cons 18. may without harm be born by the Stomach though it be weak XIII As to a cold Intemperature seeing hot Medicines are approved of two things must be observed concerning them 1. That they be not violent Heaters Therefore Ginger is good but it must be preserved in Sugar And Diatriâ—â—n Pipereâ—â—n but with Wine for Honey Sugar and Wine moisten substantially so Pepper is good but with Meat 2. We must observe that Astringents be mixt with Heaters lest the substance of the innate Heat be wasted therefore Avicen mixes a little Mastiche with a decoction of Spike As to Things applied outwardly we must observe a difference between hot and cold things for cold things are prohibited by the innate heat of the Midriff but not hot things Yet if it happen that the Part adjoyning be affected with a hot Disease it is safer to apply hot Things about the Navil and the left side because in the right side the heat of the Liver might forbid it Cappivaccius ¶ Things that heat immoderately dissolve the innate heat of the Stomach and at length cause coolness as is evident in Girls that eat Ginger and such things Rondeletius for therefore they are Pale ¶ Chymical Medicines seeing for the most part they have a sharp and a very hot Quality can be of no use in case of a cold Stomach especially when the Liver and Parts thereabout burn with immoderate Heat therefore Aristot 24 probl sect 13. Crucius de Quaesitâ—â— When he asks Why hot Things are sooner cooled in the Sun than in the Shade He answers that the less Heat is wasted by the greater And Galen 3 de morborum causis sayes that a less Flame fades by little and little if you hold it to a greater Willis XIV Have a care that you give not Wormwood Wine when bad matter lies mixt in the Stomach ¶ But it is good in a cold and moist Intemperature Heurnius XV. He that assists a weak Stomach by Heaters as soon as he sees the Urine grow red must immediately abstain from hot Things Walus It Hofmannus otherwise a Dropsie follows XVI Things that have Vinegar in them must not be used indifferently in every crudity for I find it is only useful when too much Moisture and that thick is joyned with heat at which time it must either be much dilated or mixt with cooling and lenient Things Mercatus XVII That Concoction may do its Office without any fault things that bind the right Oririfice of the Stomach must be taken after Supper that the Stomach may be the stronger contracted and may perform its Action more exactly And Rondeletius sayes that they greatly mistake who give hot Powders after Meals for by their heat and tenuity they immediately carry with them the Aliment half crude to the Veins whence obstructions arise XVIII Medicines are made of Confections and Powders to strengthen the Stomach But it is much better to give them in form of a Powder without much Sugar for Sugar and Honey and other sweet Things make lax the Stomach and breed Wind Rondeletius especially when there is not much Moisture in it XIX Pepper is of a very thin Substance and so for a time it heats the Stomach and its Virtue is immediately spent as all tenuious and hot Things are Galen commends Pepper very much wherefore I could heartily wish the moderns were wiser who when they find Galen gave Pepper with Ptisan in a Fever think that Galen was out and they say it were better to use Cinnamon and so they order Cinnamon But they do not see Galen's mystery that Pepper heats the Stomach and not the Liver And Galen 4 de tuend valetud sayes that Diaspolit Diacalam and the like are very bad for a crude Stomach because they carry crude Humors to the Liver and cause Obstructions for although there be not so great a heat in Cinnamon yet it is more lasting Therefore I often give Sugar of Roses bruised very finely with a little Pepper Montanuâ— that it may more easily exhale XX. Celsus l. 2. c. 24. reckons the drinking of cold Things to be grateful to the Stomach and it appears from other places that drinking cold Water is good for the Stomach So l. 4. c. 18. he gives warm Water to them that are ill at their Stomachs He adds And hot Water for as luke-warm makes lax the Stomach and causes Vomiting so hot Water strengthens the Stomach Therefore Plistonieus in Athenaeus to strengthen the Stomach orders Water to be drunk very warm in Winter especially and in Spring and cold in Summer And Celsus l. 4.
c. 5. when the Stomach will not retain the Meat sayes it is best either to drink Wine cold or else very hot Which yet must so be understood as when the stomach is either empty or full of Phlegm we must abstain from cold Things which according to Hippocrates are enemies to the Nerves and then hot drink nourishes the innate heat and concocts crude Phlegm but when one is full Rubaeus comm in loc cum then he must use cold Things wherewith by antiparistasis the heat is gathered and made stronger XXI I have known some who have endeavoured to consume and dry up the matter with Oyl of Vitriol because it most violently dries and cleanses and indeed at first the Patients find benefit for they perceive by using of it that the Stomach is astringed their appetite encreased and the matter of the Fluxion abated but I know at length they have become Cachectick to say nothing of other Diseases Truly I have ever suspected the caustick Virtue which remains in that Oyl prepared even according to the Doctrine of Paracelsus I have indeed used it sometimes in Diseases proceeding from very crass Phlegm but I would perswade no man by the continued use of a few drops to spoil the moderate heat of the Stomach which is designed for Concoction and corrupt the goodness of the Blood For if we may make our conjecture of internals from externals what is it that boyls in the Chimney but heat And that Acids corrugate the Mouth of the Stomach and excite Appetite we know from the use of Vinegar Such therefore as constantly use this Oyl although they may flatter themselves for a time in the goodness of their Appetite and drying up of Defluxions yet at length and in process of time they are forced to acknowledge Gr. Hofmâ—nus to their sorrow the harm done to their Stomach and other Parts XXII For strengthning of the Stomach Chymists likewise commend Spirit of Vitriol of Venus which they call the Hungry Acetosity of Venus or Spirit of Hungarian Vitriol And they write of it that it is of such Virtue that it consumes all the Impurities that are in the Stomach whether Tartareous or Sulphureous and strengthens the Stomach so much that it is able to concoct all things But all this is hyperbolical And though it be often given with advantage yet Caution is necessary for it must not be used in every weakness and Disease of the Stomach but where there are gross and tartareous Humors which it consumes and afterwards by Astriction strengthens the Stomach But we must have a care that we do not over do it and that the radical moisture of the Stomach be not dissipated and wasted by it which often happens upon the unseasonable and excessive use of Spirit of Vitriol Sennertus XXIII All strong destilled Things must be avoided which seem indeed to do good but they shorten life because they far exceed the degree of innate heat and all Remedies ought to consist in Mediocrity For the gentlest Medicines in a diseased and languishing Stomach want not danger Crato cons. 106. especially in old People XXXIV It is the Custome of some that if at any time they eat any thing hard of Digestion or that will surfeit presently to drink some generous destilled Water as aqua vitae or the like to help Concoction but this is done not without hazard of Health for seeing the said Meats use not to be digested but by a long stay in the Stomach such Waters as these do by their penetrating and permeable Virtue carry these Meats not yet well concocted into the Veins whence proceed crudities and obstructions Thus Physicians do aright forbid the giving of Diureticks with Meat or immediately after Meat lest they carry the crudities of the Stomach to the urinary Passages And the reason is the same in Waters that are taken to promote Concoction because of the great aperient Virtue they are indued withal Therefore Rondeletius cap. de palpitatione We may saith he give such things inwardly as heat the Stomach and discuss Wind which thing must be observed for 3 or 4 hours before Meal we may give things that heat much and discuss Wind so the Liver be not very hot such as diatrion pip dianis aromat rosat diagalanga and the like These things should not be given immediately before Meal because by their heat and tenuity they would presently hurry with them the Aliment half crude to the first wayes Hence it is evident that they are in error who give very hot Powders after Meal which should be moderately hot Aetius l. 3. serm 1. c. 24. says neither this nor any other Medicine which penetrates much must be taken after Meal for some crude Meat is distributed and digested with it and causes Obstructions The use of it is convenient after rubbing in the Morning two hours before Exercise and Bathing What we said of things difficult of Digestion is applicable to things easily corruptible such as horary Fruits They are likewise in an Error who when they find Wind and Crudities upon their Stomachs drink these Waters to heat and strengthen the Stomach for by the tenuity of their substance they easily penetrate into the Bowels and increase their Intemperature whereupon their Disease afterwards encreases You will object Physicians prescribe Pepper bruised grossly and that Aetius used Wormwood for hypochondriack Winds but Pepper doe good this way because it reaches not to the Bowels but only strengthens the Stomach and therefore heats not the Liver Then its heat is extinguished and quickly dissipated in the first wayes and it cleanses and carries off sharp Humors Wormwood is good because it binds the Stomach and helps bilious not phlegmatick Humors which afford matter for this Disease by its detersion Primirosius and carries them off by stool and Urine XXV This must be observed concerning those they call digestive Powders that too strong things are not convenient in Diseases of the Head caused by Fumes It is best therefore to make them of things that are not much scented and to abstain from such things as have Musk Amber Saffron and other Things that fly to the Head in them But I blame such as put Liquorish in them for although it quench Thirst and have a little Astriction in it yet sweet Things make lax the Mouth of the Stomach and breed Wind. I also blame them that add Nutmeg and Mace because they are oyly Things and all such subvert the Stomach It is not amiss also to add Faenil and Seseli seed to Powders that discuss Wind and to digestives ones as also to other Powders because they attenuate the visory Spirits but we must be sparing in the use of Cummin Carroway and Rue seeds because of the too ingrateful taste of Cummin and the too great acrimony Let them be steeped in Vinegar Rondeleâ—â—â— if Powders be made for digestion of Meat XXXVI The breeding of much Matter in the Stomach
Wine and other hot Aliments must be avoided For it is found by experience that crudities of the Stomach and destillations arising from the heat of the Liver and the exhalation of bilious Blood are very much exasperated with the use of generous Wine and such things and abate with the contraries Enchir. Med. Pract. ¶ Now most Physicians have only one intention in weakness of the Stomach while they fly to astringent hot and bitter meats to Wormwood Wine heating and astringent Plasters and Unguents Innumerable People at Venice having their Stomachs polluted with divers Humours and ill of Hypochondriack Melancholy wear hot things constantly upon their Stomachs and take strengthning and hot things supposing it to be a cold intemperature Nevertheless their Liver is very hot their Spleen and Mesentery are loaden with Melancholy whence comes wind in their Belly And they think they do good with these hot and astringent Medicines when they encrease their misery But Galen sayes plainly Sanctorius that he has eased Diseases of the Stomach by drinking cold water XXXVI Johannes Riolanus has observed that when the Colon is full of faeces the Stomach labours under difficulty of Concoction Therefore the excrements must often be got out by Clysters XXXVII Among the Diseases of the Stomach the most common is the laxity of it which may come from any intemperature One man when he had been long troubled with this Disease and many had had him in hand but none could find a Remedy for him when he came to me I easily knew by the Medicines he had taken that the Physicians thought he was ill of a cold intemperature And I from the preceding cure and other evident reasons thought quite otherwise that his Stomach was ill of a hot intemperature Wherefore having recourse to such Remedies as his dry Body now almost consumed away seemed to require the first day I ordered him only to eat some Lettuce out of Oyl and Vinegar which when he found beneficial and proper for his Stomach I order him to leave off Bathing Frictions Exercitations especially of the upper parts all unctions and hot meats which he had hitherto used and rather to turn himself to meats that are cold and difficult of concoction wherefore I recommend unto him Mutton rather than Fowl or Fish unless of a hard sort in this sickness of his I tell him that cold and austere Wine is the properest drink for him and that a hot and thick Wine is most improper To which when he gave way and carefully observed his directions using only this sort of diet and cooling Medicines he was as well as ever he was Benivonius within two Months XXXVIII The dilatation or resolution of the Stomach is a Disease very frequent both in healthy and sick People when its tone is so loosened with broths and cold drink and much moisture that a Loosness follows thereupon which is attributed to corruption of the food by a hot intemperature of the Stomach or to the obstruction of the Mesaraick Vessels which is rather a Symptome of too great laxity Fernelius his Disease of Matter which must be cured by strengthners and astringents In some after their death the Stomach has been found so lax that it would hold a Childs head Therefore the observation of Diseases of matter is very necessary for practice which are cured by astringents and driers taken inwardly and applied outwardly Riolanus according to the doctrine of the Methodists who make Lax and Strict to be in Diseases XXXIX A great heat of the Stomach well concocts hard things and difficult of concoction as hung Beef Cabbage and such things The same heat corrupts tender meats as Eggs and small Fishes The cure in these is to change Diet. Hofmannus ¶ I knew two that were ill of heat in the Liver and of bile boyling in the Gall-Bladder which caused inconcoction A cold intemperature of Stomach was blamed in them whose heat languished being wasted by the hot Liver Many hot things had been used in vain to help concoction The first of these Men was the Illustrious Monsieur de Molondins deputy Governour of Newemberg He was much troubled to his dying day which happened in his sixty third year with a heat in his Stomach especially if he eat meats easie of concoction or several things to his Supper The Chyle fomed up during concoction and was almost all brought up in Spittle If he eat only of one meat or of what was difficult of concoction the concoction was performed aright without any disturbance The other was Gedeon des Bergieres who till the fortieth year of his age was troubled with such a spitting of a viscid and tenacious matter the heat of the parts about his Stomach abating afterwards in the process of his age he lives free from any such hurt and now digests very well XL. The coldness of the Stomach is not alwayes positive but often privative from the heat of the Liver and Hypochondria Therefore Galen primo de loc affect 4. has told us that when concoction in the Stomach is bad we must presently consider the parts about it which if they be very hot it is spoyled by them but the heat of the Stomach it self is not abated And although Aciditie be often perceived yet it proceeds not from cold but from excessive heat as the primary and chief cause as Trallianus considers and it is found by dayly experience that Wine in Summer in the heat of the Sun turns sowre ¶ The heat necessary for concoction must be plentiful sweet and moderate boyling not rosting Fortis Otherwise if it be exuberant it either turns the food to a Nidor and causes difficulty of concoction or as a great flame it dissolves and wasts the Stomach and so spoyls concoction Yea in process of time by drying up the fleshy parts of the Stomach without any diminution of the innate heat it weakens it whence comes ill digestion Therefore Galen 3. de nat facult said that beside other causes that concurr to concoction the whole substance of the Stomach is one So 2. de aph 35. he sayes it is well if the parts belonging to the Stomach be fleshy therefore the thinness of the Coats hinders concoction For a lean Stomach alwayes concocts worst Wherefore 3. de Symptomat causis he concludes that natural Organs the moister they are so much they are fitter for nourishing Idem but the harder and the drier the more unfit XLI The diagnostick of the Humour that causes the pain in the Stomach is taken from the time of the invasion increase or abating of the pain Some have the pain most before meat and this signifies the dominion of bile which is exasperated in time of fasting and drawn into the Stomach or grows sharper In others the pain arises immediately after eating because the crude and biting Humours which before were quiet and fixt to the coats of the Stomach are disturbed upon eating or they that
the extreme parts strength may seem low at first yet that weakness is from oppression Rivâ—rius which requires evacuation and therefore cannot hinder bleeding LIII Purgatives are not approved of in this disease because they disturb the Humours and draw them to the part affected Yet Avicenna commends a decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of cassia dissolved in Endive water or Whey every day for a week because this purges by loosning not drawing takes off the acrimony and asswages pain But it is better in the beginning to abstain wholly from purging When the 7th day is over and some signs of concoction and declination appear Idem a Purge may be given of Infusion of Rheubarb LIV. Among Lenitives Câ—ssia may be convenient for an inflamed Stomach for though Galen 13. meth 11. disapprove of purgatives in such cases yet he would not have rejected Cassia Fortis if he had known it LV. The Advice of the Arabians must not be followed who apply to the Stomach not only Lettuce and Endive but Poppy juice actually cold Errors as I think not to be admitted for this so principal a part Saxonia and the store house of the whole body should not be so much cooled ¶ We have an excellent Remedy in Galen 12. meth 7. Drinking of cold water yea according to Trallianus a bladder half full of cold water or snow applied to the Stomach Which two Remedies notwithstanding must be used with a great deal of caution For one who was 40 years old being made very thirsty and lean by a hot and dry intemperature of his Stomach upon drinking a great deal of cold water left off being thirsty immediately grew better and digested well but his Gullet being over cooled killed him Gal. 7. meth 8. Therefore we must be careful how we use such Medicines for Benivenius has observed that a certain very cooling Plaster being applied to the Stomach did cause difficulty of Breathing Hickup and death at last Fortis ¶ Coolers must be such rather potentially than actually for things actually cold when the Stomach is inflamed shut the pores thicken the Humours Idem and settle the Blood in the inflamed part LVI We must also have a care of Opiates for after much use of them the Stomach is ever after all their life long weak and the mouth of the Stomach is very sensible and quickly hurt Heurnius They condense also by too much cooling Wherefore a Scirrhus follows an Inflammation LVII It is worth noting what Dodonaeus Obs Med. cap. 31. tells us of red Urine That such Urine is made not only in hot Diseases but oftentimes when the Stomach and the Liver are weakned and cooled by long Diseases And he relates a History of a Man Fifty years old who after a Quartan Ague fell into a Lientery for five Months and voided crude matter and no Fever remaining his Urine was very red But he had no regard to that but only to the crudity and to make provision for the Stomach and Liver which were weakned with the Quartan Ague he put him into a heating and drying course of Diet and gave most generous Wine For Medicines he gave Diagalanga Diatrionpipereon c. whereby he prevailed so far that the excrements appeared concocted and the colour of the Urine abated and was like a sound Man's But when the Patient thought himself well and privately drunk some Beer his Urine presently grew red again which plainly showed that Urine sometimes may be tinged by the crudity and coolness of the Stomach And when he abstained from Beer his Urine became again like a healthy Man's We may often observe this in practice especially in such as recover of Quartane Agues for they when they have eaten any thing hard of digestion often make such Urine which colour is not bloody but such as is in burning Fevers and it comes not from bile which does not abound but rather from a crude and gross Humour For if the Stomach be weak the sulphureous and grosser parts of the food are not separated in it and the guts and so voided by stool but pass into the blood and being separated from it in the Kidness tinge the blood with a red colour for Urine has not its tincture from bile only but from a red salt as we see Ly is tinged with an impure Salt Sennertus So in Scorbuticks the the Urine is not only red but shining afterwards letting fall a red sediment like to brick dust LVIII The famous Michael Ruccerus formerly took notice that heat of the Stomach called by the Greek 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which comes from a cold Humor and has been often cured by him with Treacle and generous Wine must be carefully distinguished from the burning of the mouth of the Stomach For he sayes that this which Galen 8. de composit Med. S. loc cap. 3. mentions by the name of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 arises from violent hot Choler fixt in the coats of the Stomach and is very rare in Germany which he only saw once all his life time in a certain Nobleman and that he cured him by drinking cold water and Milk Paracelsus deriving the heat in the pit of the Heart or mouth of the Stomach from the effusion of Gall and Tartar omitting Purging affirms the pain is only to be asswaged which he endeavours to do with Henbane Poppy Mandrake and Darnel with Treacle He also gave Laudanum Opiatum with Amber Mace Sugar Candy and Mint water Velschius LIX A Nobleman after high drinking of Rhenish Wine was taken with a violent burning heat at his Stomach for several dayes so that though he was very hungry or thirsty yet he could neither eat nor drink without pain I perswaded him to take half a scruple of Sal prunellae dissolved in Elder water he did it and found ease and in process of time his heat was quite extinct and went away Another Nobleman complained as much of such a heat in his Stomach from the same cause I recommended to him the abovesaid Sal prunellae which had given several others present ease but with different success for his pain encreased to the hazard of his Life Being affrighted with this Symptome and considering that the heat arising from too much sharpness in the mouth of the Stomach might be encreased by the Salt Nitre when I found that Mucilage of Quince-seeds would do no good I gave half a drachm of Cream of Tartar and what was the effect A. Cnofelius Misc Cur. ann 1672. Obs 211. It had not been given a quarter of an hour but the pain was quite gone and so the Patient was saved to the admiration of several LX. Joh. Raymund Fortis consult 89. cent 2. propounds moistning with some attenuation Among externals there is no better Remedy than Milk especially Asses instead of which when it is apt to corrupt I usually apply 5 ounces of Mallow juice depurated But we must wholly
desist from the use of other drying things Rheubarb Tartar and even Chalybeates which otherwise I am wont to use against hardnesses proceeding from other causes as condensing cold or filling abundance of the Humours LXI The Wife of N. was suddenly taken with most violent pains about her Stomach and Spleen which could neither be stopt by Fomentations nor Purging but after she was bled plentiful in the left Arm her pains left her Riverius LXII The Wife of N. the last 3 Months of her going with Child was every day troubled with a tedious palpitation of her Stomach and she was happily cured of it with no other Remedy Simon Schultzius Misc curios ann 1676. Obs 141. than 1 scruple of Requies Nicolai swallowed now and then before meal ¶ A certain Water-drinker having at a Feast drank several healths in Water fell into horrible gnawings at his Stomach and the Heart-burn the next day he was all Icterick the day following he took a Purge About Evening his pain came afresh and the upper orifice of his Stomach began to beat as strongly as his heart which Pulse or rather pulsation Car. Rayger misc cu. ann 76. Obs 205. of the Heart I have often observed in the Colick especially that of our Country I gave him flowers of Nitre with Magistery of Crabs-Eyes Pearl and Coral and the Pain vanished in a moment and returned no more LXIII Cholerick lean red haired and thin bodied people are in the beginning of Summer troubled with a pain at their Stomach for because the Orifice of their Stomach is endued with a most exquisite sense it is vellicated by bilious Humours which were before in some measure checked by the temper of the Spring or Winter The cure is to purge with Rheubarb and to give 3 or 4 grains of Laudanum Paracelsi for certainly when the exquisite sense of the Stomach is dulled P. Pâ—châ—quâ— Obs â—4 they live much better LXIV Revulsion must be made of the Humour that causes the pain in the Stomach by divers means by frictions Bathings Cupping c. and it must be derived to the wayes of Urine the Mouth and to the Muscles by cauteries And sometimes to the very Joynts though they have been pained before Galen 7. Meth. c. 11. sayes we must consider whether the part mittent of the Humour to the Stomach be less noble than the part suscipient If the part mittent be less noble the matter must be drawn to the ignoble part if the pain of the Stomach proceed from arthritick pains the Physician need not fear to send the pains to the former place If they be equally noble Saxoniâ— we must take care to strengthen both LXV Since Emulsions sweeten the acrimony of the Humours especially of the Serum when it is tinged with a bilious saline acrimony it is observable that they are not so good for acid Humours or for such in general as are gathered in the first wayes because acids as they are contrary to Milk so also to emulsions and for this reason they are not so convenient in an acid and pituitous crudity but they rather add weight to that viscidity and cause disturbances Wedeliuâ— wherefore in this case they are often vomited up again LXVI In the use of all Emulsions also the strength of the Stomach must be looked to that they be not ordered when Humours abound and consequently laxity nor in wind for when the Heat is not strong when Humours in general abound especially acid bilious phlegmatick in and about the Stomach wind is easily produced or the Emulsions are windy Therefore in wind of the Stomach weak appetite by an essential fault especially for in Fevers it is another thing Colick Dropsie diarrhoea and other fluxes of the Belly they are not altogether so commendable for they easily turn sower and corrupt on the Stomach Wherefore the Helmontians little esteem them because they bring a strange sowerness hence likewise it is easily evident that they do no good in any pains coming from vitiated Chylification from wind in the lower Belly or from obstructions there I observed once that one sick of a Malignant Fever when he took much of an Emulsion that was prescribed him he fell into the Hickup Idem others have been troubled with belching after them LXVII There arises a great difficulty about a cold Stomach and a hot Liver how namely a cold Stomach may be heated and the Liver not inflamed Since what things heat the Stomach the same for the most part also inflame the Liver And Galen contriving how to obviate this mischief invented that composition which he called Diatrion Pipereon This Medicine indeed is endued with a singular virtue to heat the Stomach so as that its heat shall not be communicated to the Liver for seeing it consists of 3 sorts of Pepper whose heating faculty consists in a thin substance it is spent before it comes at the Liver Abr. Seyller Cons 6. l. 4. Cons Cratony It is therefore a convenient Medicine to heat and take off the intemperature of the Stomach Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians For Imposthumes Erosion and Ulcers 1. I have experienced this Plaster that it ripens Imposthumes Take River or Sea Crabs boyl them in water let the flesh when boyled and bruised and mixt with Barly flower be applied Bayrul This ripens the Imposthume effectually in 3 dayes 2. When the Ulcer is cleansed Amber may be given Benedictus It is good also in Vomiting of Blood 3. Antimony is the only thing which Purges and rids the Stomach of all its tartareous excrements When the Body is purged the butter of Pearl is good for a Consumption of the Stomach but he that can use the sweet and red Oyl of Antimony needs no other Medicines for the Cure of the Stomach Pet. Joh. Fabâ— 4. This Medicine is effectual in healing an Ulcer in the Stomach Take of Frankincense Mastich Tragacanth each 3 drachms Amber 1 drachm a little Dragon's Blood with Syrup of Quinces For heat of the Stomach Fr. Hofmannus 1. I have experienced that Tincture of Tartar is good for heat in the Stomach 2. It is especially good for such as travel in Summer time to take the tops of the twigs of a green Sloe tree that have grown that year and chew them Joel and swallow them For Wind. 1. There is nothing more convenient and proper for concoction than to wear a Plaster of one part pure Ladanum and two parts Wax for it sweetly maintains the innate heat and conduces very much to break Wind and help concoction Crato 2. Dwarf-Elder used any way is exceeding good for Wind in the Stomach or in any part The root of it is more effectual than the leaves Boyled in Wine and drunk Gabelchoverus it is very good for Dropsies 3. Three or four drops of Oyl of Carowayes given in broth or wine are good and Lozenges made of it ¶
Also Emplastrum de baccis lauri is very effectual in expelling of Wind. â—â—â—nertus For Intemperature 1. In a cold intemperature of the Stomach I have long experienced this Plaster to be of wonderful virtue Take of Diachylum majus Pitch or Turpentine each 2 drachms Diarrhodon Abbatis 2 drachms as much Wax as is sufficient Make a Plaster and apply it to the Stomach ¶ Oyl of Fir Indian Balsame and oyl of Mastich are also wonderful good in a dry cause Mercatus 2. Crocus metallorum Absynthiacus is excellent good in all Diseases of the Stomach Mynsichr 3. In a hot and moist intemperature of the Stomach I have often with success used this Electuary of Steel Take of prepared Coriander half an ounce Species Diatrion Santalon 2 drachms Roses powdered 1 drachm prepared Steel 6 drachms Sugar dissolved in Rose water what is sufficient Mix them Make an Electuary 4. This is an effectual Cataplasm in a cold intemperature of the Stomach which Rhases ad Almansorem makes of Styraz Spike Wormwood Calamus Aromaticus and Mastich sprinkled with old Wine and juice of Quinces ¶ In an intemperature of the Stomach coming from thick bile when it sticks fast to the Coats of the Stomach there can scarce be a better Remedy than Hiera ¶ In a cold and moist intemperature the following water is good which is good for a weak Stomach purges it of slimy Humours cures a Cachexy and hinders the breeding of Worms Take of Gentian lesser Centaury each 3 ounces Galangal Cinnamon Mace Cloves each 1 ounce flowers of Sage St. John's-wort Rosemary each half an handful white Wine 4 pounds Sennertus Digest them 8 dayes and then destill them 5. Flowers of Roman Wormwood and tops of Melilot boyled in Wine and strained The Colature drunk is highly commended in a cold intemperature of the Stomach ¶ Syrup of Carduus Benedictus is reckoned a present Remedy in a cold and moist Stomach if taken warm in the Morning Weikardus Ventris Dolor or the Belly-ach See the Colick Book III. Vertigo or Swimming in the Head The Contents The Method of Cure I. Whether a Vein may be breathed II. A Vein may he breathed in the Fit III. What Vein must be bled IV. Sweating may do good V. Arteriotomy sometimes does good VI. Issues Setons Burnings when and where they are proper VII Cured by an Issue in the Leg. VIII Whether we may Purge IX We must use gentle things X. Vomits are good XI Errhina do no hurt XII When Repellents may be applied XIII What Posture of Body should be used XIV Medicines I. AN accidental Vertigo or any that is new is for the most part cured by Bleeding and Purging sometimes For the cure of one that is habitual and inveterate there are three Medical Intentions 1. When all the matter for the Disease to feed upon is taken away we must endeavour to preserve the Brain free from new afflux of Morbifick matter for which purpose when a right course of Diet is ordered sometimes bleeding and a gentle purge given frequently at intervals will be convenient Let a dry and airy place be chosen let immoderate and unseasonable sleep and study be avoided let him abstain from Mornings and Evenings draughts instead of the former let him drink Tea or Coffee made with a few leaves of Sage mixt with them let an Issue be made in the Leg or Arm and sometimes let the Haemorrhoid Veins be opened let the Party affected alwayes rise betimes and every Morning wash his Temples and Fore-head with cold water and rub it with a course cloth 2. The second Intention will be to take away the procatarctick causes wherefore we must endeavour both that the cacochymick Dyscrasie of the Blood and the weak and too lax constitution of the Brain may be amended For the First Medicines that are powerful alteratives as temperate Antiscorbuticks chalybeates and sometimes Spaw-waters or Whey are proper To which because of the latter thing indicated cephalick Medicines must alwayes be added such namely as are made of Coral Amber Man's skull Male Paeony root Misletoe Peacock's dung c. 3. The third Intention which is properly curatory takes away the conjunct cause which nevertheless when the procatarctick are removed usually ceases of it self For if the approach of all extraneous matter into the Brain be prevented there will nothing remain but pure Spirits which having got liberty and room enough within the callous body they disperse themselves thence every way However for this scope of cure we must give now and then Medicines endued with a volatil Salt whose very subtil and active particles recreate the Animal Spirits such as especially are spirit of Harts horn Soot Sal Ammoniac impregnated with Amber Mans Skull c. Tinctures of Coral Amber Antimony Elixir of Paeony and the like Moreover it may not be amiss to adumbrate the method of cure a little more particularly in showing what must be done upon account of the cure in the Paroxysm and what for preservation out of it 1. As for the first although the coming of the Vertigo how cruel soever it seems have for the most part no danger in it and goes often off of it self because the Patients think they will dye and do desire the aid of Medicine in such a case after a Clyster has been given let Blood if the Pulse indicate it Then apply a blister to the Neck and smell to strong things as Castor spirit or volatil Salt of Harts-horn Urine or Sal Ammoniack These Spirits also may be given twice or thrice a day with a convenient dose of Cephalick decoction at the hour of sleep take a bolus of Mithridate with powder of Castor The next day if the Disease be not gone let him take a gentle Purge Or if the Patient be enclined or easie to vomit let him take a Vomit than which there is scarce a better Remedy 2. And now we must consider what must be done out of the Fit for the cure of an inveterate and almost continual Vertigo Therefore when I have put the Patient in a course of Bleeding and Purgeing according to his constitution and strength it is my custome to advise him to take a Vomit once a Month if nothing contra-indicate For which end the weaker sâ—rt after they have stuffed their Stomachs with slippery meats may take 2 or 3 ounces of Wine or Oxymel of Squils and afterwards drink store of Carduus posset drink till they vomit Others may take a Vomit of Salt of Vitriol or Sulphur of Antimony or infusion of Crocus Metallorum As for Issues Blisters Bleeding the Haemorrhoids Plasters or Caps for the Head also Plasters to the Feet or Wrists for revulsion or derivation sake let the Physician consider whether they be needful And because all things agree not with all People the Physician must try divers Medicines and various Methods sometimes one sometimes another The Vertiginous may drink for their ordinary drink
Paeony water Rod. à Fonseca he will find no better Remedy F. Hofmannus 3. Three drachms of Seed of Columbine is good in a Vertigo 4. Van Helmont sayes he cured himself of a Vertigo with Sulphur of Vitriol 5. Silk worms dried and powdered and strewed on the Head Mercatus wonderfully strengthen the Head in a Vertigo 6. Marcellus has a Medicine which I have experienced Take Mysi and beat it to powder steep it in Vinegar and so steeped apply it in manner of a Cataplasm to the Temples and behind the Ears for it has an excellent virtue to disperse Vapors Mercurialis which cause a Vertigo Eustachius Rhudius 7. Some say that the juice of black Betes applied to the Temples quickly cures a Vertigo 8. In a Vertigo by Sympathy coming from an hot cause this is a most excellent Remedy Take of Fumitory 1 handful Dodder of Time 8 drachms Myrobalans citrine 2 drachms pulp of Tamarinds 1 drachm Endive Cichory Purslain each 1 handful Raisins 6 drachms let them boyl in a sufficient quantity of water to the expression add of juice of Quinces juice of unripe Grapes each 3 ounces pulp of Damascens boyled in the former decoction and passed through a sieve 1 pound Let them boyl to a moderate consistency then add of Cassia new drawn 6 ounces pulp of Tamarinds 3 ounces Species ditragacanth Santal each half a drachm Sugar what is sufficient Mix them and make an Electuary The Dose from half an ounce to 6 drachms every or every other day before Supper ¶ In a Vertigo caused by obstructions of the Brain this is an effectual Remedy Take of powder of Staves-acre 8 grains Mysi 1 drachm Pellitory of Spain 1 scruple yellow Wax 1 ounce Saxonia a little Sugar Make it into a Masticatory Vesicae Affectus or Diseases of the Bladder The Contents When it is full of Excrements whether we may purge I. In an Inflammation of it or the Kidneys what Vein should be first opened II. Whether Cupping-Glasses may be applied III. In the Vlcers of the Bladder how injections may be made IV. They must have but few astringents in them V. What such their matter should be VI. Cured by Spaw waters VII The efficacy of Balsame VIII Medicines 1. GAlen is reprehended by some because 7. method cap. ult he says that the Bladder is purged by the Guts if it be full of Humours For say they what other way is there from the Bladder to the Guts than by the Ureters Kidneys and a thousand Maeanders in the Veins But it were ridiculous to imagine purging by so many turnings and to leave the streight and common way Yet let not Galen be blamed who several times opens the causes of this transfusion and commends Hippocrates his judgment That all things have a common conflux and transpiration Do you think that the distribution of the Aliment is made only by wayes conspicuous But there are many parts which have no conspicuous wayes to them If any part be starved it snatches what it can get the Veins from the Arteries and these from the Veins by sweating through the pores of the Veins therefore the Guts may take from the Bladder and it from them When any part has a Humour fell into it out of pain or weakness does it not receive excrements from every hand In a Loosness of the Guts is it safe for the Bladder to abound with excrements which cannot commodiously be purged by their own way I think not for when this way is stopt they might come violently upon the Guts But if upon these occasions something may be transfused out of the Bladder into the Guts why may not something far more easily be drawn by the strength of the Medicine through the pores of the coats Galen 1. de fac nat sayes that if an earthen Vessel full of water be set in a heap of Wheat the Vessel will be drawn dry and so bulk and weight will be added to the Wheat and this is done by the Wheat 's drawing the moisture through the thick Vessel And how much a more powerful attractive vertue in all probability is there in Physick than in Wheat And how much more convenient is the Coat of the Bladder for transfusion than an earthen Vessel Which if it have nothing else it has wayes of drawing nutriment which very same ways may serve to draw a Medicine Wherefore by what ways the Bladder receives nourishment by the same it may remit the excrements wherewith it abounds But the Bladder does not receive nourishment by the Ureters which only carry Serum but by Veins and Arteries And if it be difficult to you how the juice that is extravasated in any cavity should be resumed into the Vessels I suppose it has not been your fortune as it was Galen's to cure the jaundice with once purging Vallesius or to evacuate the water between the Peritonaeum and the Guts by stool II. From one that was ill of an Inflammation in his Bladder I immediately took 3 ounces of very foul Blood from his right foot I bled him in the foot both because he had been let Blood in the Arm formerly for an Ague and also because Galen in several places orders Bleeding for parts ill above the Kidneys in the Arms for the parts below the Kidneys in the foot You will ask whether must we always let Blood in the foot for parts below I answer that when the body is very plethorick and strong and in the bginning of an Inflammation it is no absurdity to bleed in the Arm and then presently the same day in the foot for although Bleeding in the Arm be a great revulsive yet because it does it but slowly for it is far from the place affected Epiphanius Ferdinandus Hist 19. therefore I advise to let Blood first in the Arm and then the same day in the foot ¶ Riverius first orders the Basilic Vain to be opened twice thrice four times or oftner if there be strength sufficient till the fluxion cease which is known by the abating of the pain this revulsion being made he will have the lower Veins opened also for derivation ¶ Walaeus meth med 98. agrees with Ferdinandus In what place saith he must we bleed for revulsion sake whether near or at a distance My opinion is when the part affected is above the Heart it is convenient to bleed an upper Vein but if the place be below the Heart open a Vein below III. In an Inflammation of the Bladder Altimarus and Mercatus after Bleeding and Fomentations if they be not sufficient order a Cupping-glass with Scarification to be applied to the region of the Pubes Salius contradicts this fearing lest the Inflammation should be thereby exasperated But he need not fear it other things as well universals as topicks being premised Horstius For the matter being softned and prepared is by this means diminished by derivation IV. In Ulcers of the Bladder injections must not
only be made by a Syringe as is done commonly but a Cathaeter must be put into the Bladder and the Syringe Riverius must be fitted so the Injection is carried to the part affected V. Injections to dry up Ulcers must be made of driers with little astriction For things too astringent stop the Urine which causes much pain Seing a sharp Urine when it comes through a narrow passage Rondeletius causes more pain than if it came through a larger VI. An injection of a decoction of Comfrey roots is proper in this Disease because it heals and has a certain Mucilage which is necessary to make the Medicine stick and mollifie the asperity of the part Horse-tail Plantain Ceterach may be added for it dries much 〈◊〉 St. Johns wort especially in the Stone with an Ulcer in the Bladder because it breaks the Stone and heals the Ulcer Litharge powdered and boyled a good while and strained through a filtre is good Things also may be added which are reckoned to heal the Nerves because it is a part more Nervous than Carnous Root of Narcissus is good Idem because of its Mucilage Trochices must be finely ground as for Collyries VII A Woman who was troubled with a foul and sharp Ulcer in her Bladder when Cyprus Turpentine lignum nephriticum Steel and other drying and cleansing things would do no good betook her self to the Spaw-waters Tulpius by continual taking of which sheover came the deplorable Ulcer VIII I much question whether there be any hope of curing an Ulcer in the Kidneys I do not remember that either I or any body else ever cured one Yet something may be used to give ease and keep it from growing worse for which purpose I find nothing better than Balsame of Sulphur as well anisatus as succinatus juniperinus and terebinthinatus by which although their strength be much wasted before they come to the Kidneys yet the Breeding of much pus is hindred and the encrease of the Ulcer is stopt The same may be said in the Ulcer of the Bladder in which case Balsamus Sulphuris anâ—satus does Wonders Sylvius de â—e 〈◊〉 And there is more hope here because it may immediately be injected into the Bladder Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. When the Inflammation is laid if it be exulcerated or there be Pustules it may be cleansed with half a pound of Hydromel with 2 ounces of juice of Smallage with 1 drachm of Myrrhe powdered Crato for this is an excellent cleansing Medicine 2. A decoction of Strawberry leaves drunk will ease the most violent pain of an Ulcer in the Bladder Dornerellius 3. Terra sigillata or Bole Armenick taken in Milk of Almonds or their Oyl or in Asses or Goats milk is a peculiar Remedy for it purges the Poyson and dries the part and the Ulcer without pain and stops blood Nic. Piso if the Ulcer come from Cantharides 4. Liquorish taken any way is wonderful good in Ulcers or Excoriations of the Bladder for it cleanses dries moderately heals Solenander and tempers the Acrimony of the Humours 5. Take of the Seeds of Alkekengi 3 drachms seeds of Citron Cucumber Gourd each 3 drachms and an half bole Armenick Frankincense Dragons Blood white Poppy seeds bitter Almonds juice of Liquorish bark of the Frankincense Tree each equal parts finely powdered let them be mixt a long time with the white of an Egg in a leaden Mortar with a leaden Pestil Varignana let it be injected with a Syringe 6. Two scruples or 1 drachm of Trochices of Alkekengi in Endive water heal Ulcers in the Kidneys and Bladder admirably Chr. à Vega. 7. For a scab in the Bladder The drinking and injection into the Blaâ—der of Whey Mercurialii especially if Mastich tree Scabious Pomegranate Peel or Plantain have been infused or boyled therein Ulcera or Vlcers The Contents Bathes not alwayes proper for inveterate Vlcers I. Lapis Medicamentosus Crollii not alwayes safe II. Alume water hurtful in cancrous ones III. They are not cured as long as the Blood is impure IV. How to cure those that are difficult of cure V. Dysepuloticks cured by means of Fire VI. When they arise of themselves and are the cure of some other Disease they must not be healed up VII For cure the bilious Sulphur must be checkt VIII The cure of them depends upon the correction of acid Pus IX The healing up of some is difficult because of the thinness of the adjacent skin X. Sometimes they are full of Worms XI If the Glands be disaffected they are difficultly cured XII Why difficult in the Glands XIII The cure of an eating one XIV The cure of an cancrous one XV. The cure of inveterate ones by cutting out the Veins in the Legs XVI The cure of putrid ones by cutting out XVII Occult ones or such as do not shew themselves outwardly must be cut out XVIII In Chronical ones Issues are very available XIX How hard and callous Lips must be cured XX. A dry intemperature is sometimes an Impediment to the Cure XXI An Vlcer that revives often gives suspicion of the Bone being corrupted XXII An Vlcer with a great caries of the Bone can only be cured by Chirurgery XXIII Sometimes only curable by burning XXIV The cure of a malignant Vlcer with Varices XXV XXVI The caries of the Bone is often an hindrance to the cure XXVII What such Sarcoticks ought to be XXVIII What must be washed with water XXIX An Vlcer cured by fluxing with Mercury XXX The cure of one with a dry Intemperature XXXI Of one with Pain XXXII Of one with Fluxion XXXIII Of one with an Hypersarcosis XXXIV Of one with Caries in the Bones XXXV Of a Sinuous one XXXVI The Efficacy of Ceruss of Antimony for the cure of pertinacious ones inward and outward XXXVII When a Vomit is good XXXVIII The Cure of a Sinus with two holes XXXIX An Vlcer in the Jaw cured by an internal Medicine XL. One in the Chin cured by pulling out a Tooth XLI An old one in the Leg cured by drinking medical waters XLII The cure of Vlcers in the Feet XLIII The cure must not be hasty XLIV An inveterate Vlcer in the Toe cured by cutting out the Nail XLV A stiffness of the joynt incurable after an ichor and meliceria XLVI Vlcerous Persons must use a spare Diet. XLVII How such may be found out as have offended in their Diet XLVIII Whether much Meat but not moist may be given XLIX Whether Wine may be allowed L. Whether Flesh and Eggs be proper LI. Cooling Broths are improper LII Medicines I. SInce for the most part Bathes consist of Sulphur Alume Vitriol Iron Copper and other Metals which cleanse and dry extreamly and therefore are used with success in Ulcers Itch c. at last they are abused so that they are usually the extream refuge in desperate cases But it often so happens that
had tried several Medicines in vain and was in danger of his life He at last was freed from his vomiting by applying only one Cupping-glass to the bottom of his Stomach twice after meat And his weakness was such that besides vomiting he often voided a great quantity of Blood by his Nose Rumlerus Obs 14. which Symptome nevertheless vanished with the rest by that only Remedy III. The Excrements that stick to the Stomach are often a cause why men cannot keep what they take and things that are impacted into its Coats make it often vomit up what it contains in its Cavity Therefore a Vomit caused by Art which may expel what sticks to the Stomach or is impacted into its Coats will cure a Vomit by taking away the cause as a loosness and dysentery are cured by Purging and Clysters Vallesius Yet they ought not to be given rashly but when Remedies which are in their own nature contrary to the Disease seem to give no ease ¶ And it must be provoked by a moderate Emetick not a weak one such as warm Oyl nor by a violent one which draws from parts afar as such as are made of Antimony but with such as have a strong faculty of dissolving the glutinous humor Such as Gilla Theophrasti or Vitriolum album praeparatum Riverius Its Salt is more efficacious which is made of Vitriol calcined to an intense redness ¶ Valleriola is afraid to give a Purge to such as are troubled with a constant bilious or pituitous Vomiting because it is presently brought up again by vomiting and does no good but a great deal of hurt by irritating the Stomach and disturbing the humors and not evacuating them But it is my Custome and I have long experienced it first to carry off the humor that is the cause of the Disease by vomit first and then to strengthen the Stomach both by taking things and by applications that it may afterwards contain the Purge But they are in error who immediately at the beginning stop vomiting with Astringents for they fasten and retain the bad humors which Nature endeavours to cast off Enchir. Med. Pract. and which afterwards will prove the causes of grievous Diseases IV. Clysters are very good in all Vomitings if we give them in a small quantity and no strong Laxatives or Oyls For if a great quantity be given part of the Colon which lies upon the Stomach is full and the bottom of the Stomach is pressed and by that faculty whereby it irritates the expulsive one of the Intestines it provokes to vomits as Experience shews in several And strong ones must not be prescribed because there are but few Excrements Let them be made therefore of emollient Herbs Seeds and Flowers that discuss wind dissolving therein some Mel rosarum Rondelâ—tius violarum cassia or juyce of Mercury V. After long vomiting or when one cannot keep his food let Clysters be given of a decoction of Capon without Salt Sugar or Oyl but with a little Wine for Nutrition A great quantity of these must be given that it may go high but not greater than can be retained for when the Guts are empty they draw such a Clyster and retain it for their nourishment It is the best way to boyl Anniseeds in them to make them dispel Wind for the empty Guts are full of Wind which hinders the Clysters from going in Such Clysters should be given as often as the Patient used to eat For they will do good three ways by nourishing breaking Wind and because when the Stomach takes nothing all motion therein to vomit is quiet Idem and the Stomach contracts it self VI. When a Woman in the Iliac Passion vomited most enormously several Medicines did her no good till Horstius gave her a few drops of Elixir proprietatis Paracelsi VII A Gentleman 35 years old of the Senatory Order being subject to Diseases in his Spleen was taken with a vomiting so unexpectedly that he spewed in the Dishes at the Table When he had taken the Waters called Vicecomitenses in Avernia for a Month he returned to his Country Geneva free of his Disease VIII That cold water is proper in many Diseases coming from Bile the Writings both of the Ancients and Moderns do testifie A certain Noble Lord a Frenchman by Nation at a certain time did upon his departure showre down too liberal a shower of Bacchus born at the Canaries upon the Company The Courtiers his Companions as they went home were taken with vomiting This looked like a Symptome arising from a Surfeit Three days after this Nobleman was troubled in the like nature but far more violently for his Age was greater and his Stomach more sluggish I was called to ease his enraged Stomach I endeavour to effect this with various comfortable Internals and astringent Externals All was to no purpose whatever he drank or eat in the fermentation caused so much wind and trouble till the Vomiting gave him some little ease I tried to allay the inflammation contracted from the flame of the Wine with vitriolated Juleps and Emulsions but in vain At length I conjectured that Vitriolate things did rather exalt the vicious ferment of the Stomach and that Emulsions could not sufficiently correct that excess because they are not so plentifully prescribed by Physicians or cannot be taken by the Patients without Loathing Therefore I proposed a most liberal draught of cold water which could not encrease the ferment but weaken it by diluting it He drank off a Glass that held 12 Ounces The Stomach received its friendly guest most kindly and kept it quietly without the fermentation hitherto usual Sigism Grassius in Misc cur an 4 5. The Noble Person admired his quietness and by continuing to drink cold water did quickly safely and pleasantly check all the violence of the raging Archeus IX Among Poysons which produce enormous and for the most part mortal vomitings we reckon Arsenick Orpiment and corrosive Mercury sublimate all which in respect of their manifest or latent acrimony are most happily tempered and prepared for a more gentle excretion with oyly things as fat Broths any expressed Oyl Butter c. Among which Milk also uses to be coagulated by them and voided again wherefore it is good inasmuch as these coagulating Poysons do more readily joyn themselves to it Sylvius de le Boâ— and in that very thing lose their nocent Power X. If some malignity as in the time of Pestilential Feavers cause a troublesome Vomiting it must be opposed not with Purges or Vomits Ench. Mea. Pract. but only with Cordials taken inwardly and applied outwardly ¶ In that which attends Malignant Fevers 1 Scruple of Salt of Wormwood with half an ounce of fresh Citron juyce is a most excellent Remedy For this besides its detersive faculty saturates the peccant acidities as also do prepared Perl terra sigillata Bole Armenick Frid. Hofmannus with Rob of Corinths or Barberries mixt with
odoriferous sweet meat XVI It often arises from the Obstruction of the Arteries of the Spleen and then the use of Martial Spaws is good The Wife of Consul N. 39 years old her Menses flowing well complained of her being troubled with vomiting every day either before Dinner or Supper with a dull pain in her left Hypochondrium Head-ache and a great anxiety of Heart Various humors were brought up by Vomiting First of all she was Vomited then Purged and outwardly strengthning Balsams were applied but all in vain Frid. Hofmannus At length she recovered upon taking Martial Spaw-waters in a Decoction of Apples XVII A strong Man otherwise well enough had of a long time been ill of frequent Vomiting he often used to cast up immediately what he had eaten At length being above all Remedies the Disease grew to that pass that he eat with a good Appetite till the Oesophagus was full to his mouth and then nothing getting into his Stomach he immediately Vomited up what he had eaten crude When therefore he was every day in danger of perishing I made him an Instrument like a rod of Whale-bone with a button of Sponge fastned to the end of it The Patient presently after he had eaten and drunk thrust the food down into the asophagus having opened the Mouth of the Stomach which would otherwise have restagnated And he has taken his food every day these 16 years by the help of it and yet uses the same Instrument Undoubtedly in this case the Mouth of the Stomach being alwayes shut either by a Tumour or a Palsy will admit nothing into the Stomach Willis unless it be forced open with violence XVIII In a most violent Vomiting let 3 grains of Laudanum and 2 scruples and an half of Pil. coch be given The Vomiting will stop and five hours after the Patient will purge downwards A pretty large quantity of Purgatives is given because the Purgative virtue is infringed by the Laudanum Riverius l. 9. c. 7. which must therefore be mixt with diagrydiates and colocynthiates XIX Because Plasters operate slowly Unguents or Liniments or Inunctions must be made upon which we strew powders adding a good quantity of Vinegar All Inunctions must be made in the beginning with hot things in the end with cold for all hot and cold things are astringent the warm are laxative and we must anoynt without much rubbing but only fomenting it lightly for all agitation or motion about the Mouth of the Stomach provokes to Vomit Rondeletius XX. Plasters above any other forms of Topical Medicines should in this case be applied to the Stomach Platerus lest by rubbing the Stomach with Oyntments Vomiting be sometimes caused XXI When the Stomach utterly refuses Medicines which must of necessity be used before you give the Patient any thing apply such a Plaster Take Oyl of Mastich Quinces each half an ounce crust of baked Bread steeped 2 hours in strong Vinegar 2 ounces Spodium Mastich Mint red Coral prepared Sanders white and red each 1 drachm Barly flower what is sufficient to make them up Dolorifick ligatures of the extreme parts are good and a dry Cupping-glass applied to the bottom of the Stomach Crato XXII Vomiting is cured by Vomits if the strength be good which very thing Hippocrates lib. de Loc. confirms because the cause of the Vomiting is carried off So a certain Soldier was taken with a burning Fever and vomited up whatever he took to whom on the fifth day when he asked my advice I gave him half a drachm of Sal Martis in Beer pretty warm after which he cast up a load of vitious Humours and then he kept well whatever he took Thus is it confirmed that Vomiting is cured by a Vomit Such Symptomatical Vomits often proceed from Humours that irritate the Stomach Frid. Hofmanâ—us yet the Vomits must be such as have an Astriction and strengthen the Stomach XXIII According to Avicenna's advice let not them that Vomit eat till they be very hungry XXIV In a Symptomatick Vomiting the conjunct cause is either in the Stomach which produces this Idiopathick affection or being fixt in other parts it causes Spasms in them and by communication by the Nerves emetick perturbations in the Stomach as it happens in Fits of the Stone Colick Mother in the Vertigo and other Diseases the cure of such a Sympathick Vomiting depends on the cure of the primary Disease And the emetick matter residing in the Stomach is either poured into it from some where else or is bred there through defect or depravation of concoction In either case the present load must first be discharged and then all further product of it must be prevented Therefore that the impure filth of the viscous matter may be cleared from the Stomach a gentle vomit may be given with Carduus posset drink or Oxymel or Wine of Squills or with a Decoction of Camomil flowers or Agrimony roots or a Solution of Salt of Vitriol or the like Then the remainder of the matter must be carried off by Clysters or Purging with Pilul Mastich Stomach cum gum or Tinctura Sacra or a gentle Infusion of Rheubarb Moreover since the impure or rancid Blood does often afford a new stock of incongruous matter either by the Arteries or Choledochal Vessels and breeds an emetick disposition Phlebotomy often does good And therefore the Vomiting of Women with Child is often cured by this means See Tit. Praegnant BOOK XIV Furthermore those things are proper which temper the Blood so that adust recrements are not bred in them Therefore drinking of Whey Medical Waters Juices of Herbs Sal Prunellae and the like in as much as they put the Blood in fusion and carry the recrements another way do often remove this vomitive disposition Such Medicines will also be of use if frequent and dayly vomiting proceed from the meeting and strife of the bilary Humour and the pancreatick juices and their regurgitation into the Stomach Willis XXV The Vomiting is more frequent and difficult of cure which proceeds from some incongruous matter bred within the Stomach in as much namely as all that is eaten degenerates into an irritative putrilage because of the vitiated ferment of this part Wherefore in this case after the filth of the Stomach is cleansed by gentle evacuaters Medicines vulgarly called Digestives are of use which according as the fermentative juice of the Stomach is for the most part of a saline nature sometimes of a Sulphureous and is in a various state of fixity fluidity or adustion are various and sometimes one sometimes another does good In Belching and an acid Vomit the following Medicines may be tried and the method may be taken from the juvantia Take of Pulvis Ari Compositus 1 ounce and an half Salt of Wormwood 2 drachms Sugar of Roses 3 drachms Make a powder Give 1 drachm of it morning and at 5 a Clock in the Afternoon in a draught of Beer boyled with
Mace and a crust of bread or in distilled water or Tincture of Pontick Wormwood Take of powder of Ivory Crabs-Eyes red Coral each 2 drachms Coral calcined 1 drachm red Sanders Cinnamon each half a drachm Make a powder The Dose half a drachm in the same manner Take of the Tincture of Salt of Tartar 1 ounce The Dose 1 scruple to half a drachm twice a day in some appropriate distilled water Idem XXVI In Vomiting from a sharp and hot matter Medicines endued with a sowre and vitriolick Salt are more convenient That famous one of Riverius is proper in this place Take of Salt of Wormwood 1 scruple give it in a spoonful of juice of Lemons Take of Coral prepared two drachms Salt of Wormwood one drachm and an half juice of Lemons four ounces Let them stand in a capacious Glass Add of strong Cinnamon water 2 ounces The Dose a spoonful or two twice a day first shaking the Glass Take of powder of Ivory Coral each 2 drachms Vitriol of Mars 1 drachm Sugar Candy 1 drachm Mix them Divide it into 6 or 8 parts let 1 be taken twice a day in some convenient Vehicle In this case mineral purging waters which have much Nitre in them Idem and Iron Waters use to do abundance of good XXVII If when the Stomach perverts most it takes into a bitter and bilious putrilage as it often does it be therefore incliâ—ed to frequent vomitings Medicines both Acid and Bitter are proper Take of Elixir proprietatis 1 ounce take 1 scruple twice a day in some convenient Vehicle Take of Rheubarb in powder xxv grains Salt of Wormwood 1 scruple Cinnamon water half an ounce juice of Lemons 1 ounce Mix them Take this either by it self or in some convenient Liquor Take of powder of Crabs-Eyes half an ounce Tartar Chalybâ—â—te 2 drachms Sugar Candy 1 drachm Make a powder Idem The Dose half a drachm with some convenient Liquor twice a day XXVIII The cause of a frequent and habitual Vomiting is oftentimes not so much any matter irritating the Stomach as a weakness of its Nervous fibres and it s too great propensity to irritation inasmuch namely as they being very tender and infirm can neither concoct what is taken nor bear the burthen or load of it but are presently irritated by any thing that lies upon them and therefore put the carnous Fibres into emetick Spasms that they may throw off what is troublesome In this Affection there are 2 cases to wit Either a weakness of the Stomach implanted in the very Fibres is contracted from some inordinate courses as Surfeiting dayly and immoderate drinking frequent drinking of Wine or hot Waters and other Errors in Diet inasmuch as these Fibres being distended beyond measure or too much heated or as it were rosted cannot admit or contain animal Spirits in a quantity sufficient Or Secondly these Fibres although of themselves they be well enough yet because of Nerves somewhere obstructed they are deprived of a due afflux of Spirits and thereupon being languid and flaccid they cannot bear what is taken but being oppressed they force it back by Vomit Thus I have known several who without any impurity of Stomach or languor contracted from disorder have been taken as it were with a Palsy in that part and lost their appetite and have been subject to frequent Vomiting In the first case such Remedies are indicated as may by their Stypticity make the too much distended and thin Fibres to corrugate and contract into a narrower room and such as may by their pleasantness draw spirits more plentifully thither and refresh what are languid Take of Conserve of red Roses vitriolate 4 ounces preserved Myrobalanes 6 drachms Ginger preserved in India half an ounce Species de Hyacintho 2 drachms the reddest Crocus Martis 1 drachm Syrup of Corals what is sufficient Make an Electuary The Dose 1 drachm twice a day drinking a draught of distilled water upon it In a weakness of the Stomach or resolution caused by some Nerves being somewhere obstructed Antiparalytick Remedies joyned with Stomachicks will be of great use Take of Elixir proprietatis Paracelsi 1 drachm The Dose 1 scruple twice a day in the following water Take of Cypress tops 6 handfuls leaves of Clary 4 handfuls the outer rind of 12 Oranges Cinnamon Mace each 1 ounce roots of Cyperus lesser Galangale each half an ounce When they are cut and bruised pour to them of Brunswick Mum 8 pounds distill them in common Vessels Tincture of Coral Tartar or Antimony may be used in the same manner In this case Spiritus Salis dulcis also Spirit of Sal Ammoniac or its flowers Willis ibid. give great help Moreover Vomits and Purges and Sweats are often given with benefit I have known this Disease several times happily cured by Bathing in the Bath at Bathe XXIX In Vomiting and the Disease Cholera Laudâ—num may be given with Syrup or Tincture of Roses or with sapa of Quinces and let a Cupping-Glass be immediately applied to the region of the Stomach Mâ—yerne traâ—t de Laudanâ— M. S. and make a Cataplasm of Leaven powder of Mint and Orange Peal with some juice of Mint Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. Let this Plaster be applied for it does wonders Take of Mastich Cinnamon Lignum Aloes Zâ—doary Galangale Cloves Anniseeds Marathrum each 3 drachms Mix them Make a powder Mix the powder with Oyl of Mastich and Balm And then with leaves of Wormwood and Mint and baked Bread boyled in Wine make a Plaster â—ordonâ—â— and apply it warm 2. This following applied is found to stop Vomiting presently Take of sower leven 2 drachms dried Mint powdered Mastich powdered each 2 drachms and an half powder of Cloves 1 drachm a little Vinegar Mix them and spread them on a Cloth and apply it warm Grulingius it does excellently well 3. Water cooled in Snow stops a pertinacious bilious Vomiting above all things De Heredia As I have found by experience 4. This is a most excellent Remedy for all Vomiting Take of Cloves grossly beaten half a drachm Roses 1 Pugil red Wine half a Pound Boyl half away Joel The Dose 2 Spoonfuls after meat 5. If enormous Vomiting follow the taking of Antimonial Medicines take 4 drops of Oyl of Cinnamon in Cinnamon-water Kunrad and the Vomiting will presently stop 6. This is admirable good Take Yolks of Eggs fry them in a Frying pan with Oyl of Mastich adding powder of Mastich and Coral till they become a soft cake Rhudius Apply them hot to the Mouth of the Stomach 7. I have learned by experience that Water and Vinegar of Roses with the Yolk of an Egg and a little Salt without any Butter Rosenbergius presently stops Vomiting 8. A crust of Bread dipt in Malmsey Wine or Mint water and sprinkled with powder of Mint Mace Cloves Cinnamon or Spec. Aromat rosat and applied to the Stomach is
effectual ¶ In whatever cause Bread tosted dipt in Vinegar of Roses and bestrewed with powder of Mint Cloves and Roses is good ¶ This is a certain experiment and reckoned as a secret by some After the takeing of Antimonial Medicines which vomit too much to give a spoonful or two of Spirit of Wine Sennertus and it gives present help 9. Dried Coriander infused in Vinegar does admirably in a hot cause Stokkerus 10. Sower Leven soaked in strong Vinegar and juice of Mint applied and renewed twice or thrice most certainly stops Vomiting by Purging and due Revulsion Varendaeu◠11. A few Coriander Seeds in Vomiting after the taking of a violent Medicine Welkardus have an admirable property to stop it if they be chewed Vomitus Sanguinis Puris or Vomiting of Blood or Corruption The Contents Purging is good I. It must not be stopt in all II. Things that are hot and of subtil parts must be put into the Applications III. Oyly things are hurtful IV. Vinegar must not be given alone V. Caused by swallowing a Leech VI. From the Spleen VII The Cure and Prevention of Vomiting of Pus VIII Medicines I. GEntle and frequent Purging must be celebrated whereby the Blood is purged from those serous and bilious Humours which produce this Disease Which kind of Purges celebrated by a prudent Physician do wonders as I have learned by experience And they must be made of Rheubarb Myrobolans Tamarinds and triphera Persica which Medicines purge and bind and no way disturb the Humours so that you need not fear any vomiting of Blood will be caused thereby Riverius II. There were two Women at Padua who the day before their Menses came Vomited Blood they perceived the Vomit before it came which if the Physician tried to stop Rhodius divers Symptomes would arise and go away with vomiting III. In Oyntments Epithemes and other applications we must take care that they have some heat with their astriction for though the flux be stopt with cold and astringent things yet this is done upon taking the indication from the function of the part that is the Stomach and from the time Cyperus Spike Cassia and Cinnamon are the best among other Astringents For besides that they preserve the nature of the part they help also the penetration of the astringent and cold things which are of gross parts IV. In vomiting of Blood the use of Oyls is suspected because they open the orifices of the Veins rather than close them Therefore Aloysius Mundella denies Oyl of Sweet Almonds to all that vomit Blood Bartholinus V. The use also of Vinegar alone is suspected because it exasperates the parts and raises a Cough whereby it promotes a new fluxion Therefore it must be sweetned with Honey or Sugar VI. A Country-Man was ill of Vomiting of Blood that would give way to no Remedies for several dayes The Physician being desirous to carry off the Blood that was gathered in the Stomach by vomit prescribed him 2 ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds which made him vomit and he brought up clotted Blood and a Leech also that moved upon the ground Riverius Obs 26. Cent. 4. This was an unknown and rare cause of vomiting of Blood The Patient said afterward that he drank of a rivulet where he had swallowed a Leech with the water VII In the year 1662. I saw in the Town Boudri within the Territory of Newenburgh a Notary fifty years old who vomited at one time a pound of clotted black Blood and as he said he had vomited as much the day before His Stomach was then squeamish with a sense of a load wherefore I gave him a little warm Oxycrate for there was nothing else at hand which brought up no less quantity Because the strength was good I prescribed him a bolus of Conserve of Roses with I drachm of the powder of Rheubarb which brought away a great deal of clotted Blood mixt with the Stools Then I proceeded to strengthners For Preservation I ordered him to Bleed at the Haemorrhoids twice a year for the flux came from his Spleen as the swelling of it returning at times did testifie giving him Chalybeates and openers of Obstructions He followed this wholesome advice for 2 years which being neglected the third year his vomiting returned with greater violence which deprived him of Life I have known many sayes Dodonaeus cap. de Absynthio l. hist stirpium who have brought up Blood by vomiting I remember I saved one or two by my advice after once vomiting and indeed by the frequent use of Worm-wood all manner of wayes VIII The excretion of Pus by Vomit and Stool must not be stopt but gently promoted seeing it is an Humour toto genere preternatural and every way hurtful to Man But the new growth of it must be hindred as much as can be since it is bred of Blood the fewel of our vital flame and the food of all the parts of the Body as well containing as contained Among all things which move or promote excretion of Pus I prefer and commend Antimonial Medicines for I have often observed that they have not only a virtue of correcting the mischief which comes from Pus but also of hindring the breeding of new Pus for rightly prepared and administred it serves no less for the purifying of Man's Body than for purifying of Gold Also Balsamus Sulphuris Anisatus and any other stops the continual generation of Pus out of corrupt Blood if 2 or 3 drops be taken several times a day from which also the cleansing and certain healing of the Ulcer may be expected and perhaps more certainly than from any other Medicine To this end also Antimonium Diaphoreticum will conduce Sylvius de le Boe. and any other altering Medicine made of Antimony and a Balsame artificially made of its flowers Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. To stop vomiting of Blood I gave these with success Take of Mummy 1 drachm juice of Horse-tail 1 ounce water of Plantain Horse-tail each 1 ounce and an half After the Patient had drank this cold his Bleeding and Vomiting stopt ¶ To a Woman who brought up her Menses by vomit I gave this Clyster for diversion Take of Chicken broth wherein a few Prunes Raisins and Aniseeds were boyled Cassia for Clysters 1 ounce oyl Olive of sweet Almonds Chamomil each 1 ounce common salt 1 drachm Sal Gem. half a drachm the yolk of an Egg. Mix them Make a Clyster She recovered beyond expectation with this one Remedy But every Month before her vomiting came Forestus she was bled in the Foot 2. Practitioners use to apply Remedies to the Spleen as I have observed from experience when the Patients have vomited great quantities of black Blood the vomiting has been presently stopt by this Plaster Take of Barley flower A corns root of Comfrey each 1 ounce and an half blood-Dock 2 drachms Plantain water and red
his Bowels being hurt I think the wound should not be enlarged for it will do no good but rather harm Because the greater the orifice is the more will the Bowels be burnt by the external Air. But if any of the parts aforesaid be wounded the dilating the orifice of the wound in the Epigastrium will do no good Idem seeing there is no hope of a Cure XLIV But if the Bullet remain within and you have no certain sign that any of the said parts are hurt you must endeavour to get it out the Patient lying upon his wound and turning himself this way and that yet so as that the orifice of the wound may look directly to the ground Then the experienced Artist must search for it and bring it out with a bended Probe But if it cannot be found and if the wound be in a part which may suffer dilatation without much danger it must be opened length-way of the muscles till it will admit a man's fore-finger And the Instrument for dilatation must not be sharp-pointed lest the Guts should be pricked when you perceive the Bullet you must endeavour to get it out by Art but if you cannot well do it let it alone Certainly I have seen some shot in the Belly who have lived after with the Bullet which it may be had fallen out otherwise if we had been forced to seek it and take it out Among which there is an Armour-Smith now alive who was shot a little above the right Groin and the Bullet lodged but could not be got out or so much as be found yet I would not suffer the wound to be enlarged Therefore it must rather be left within than make a Section Idem that is either dangerous or but with little hopes of obtaining one's desir'd end Medicines especially made use of by eminent Physicians 1. A noble Bezoardick Plaster Take of Wax 1 pound Turpentine half a pound dried Toad half an ounce Bdellium 2 ounces and an half white frankincense half an ounce white Amber one ounce and an half Serpent's Skin dried No. 1. Figs No. 8. incorporate and mix them all according to Art In the end add prepared Magnet 1 drachm liquor Arsenicalis 2 ounces Spirit of Salt half an ounce Boyl them all keeping them continually stirring then pour to them Oyl of Scorpions 1 ounce and an half Mix them Make a Plaster Joh. Agricola It is very good in gun-shot Wounds 2. This is an approved Medicine in a deep wound made by a Shot Take of Bay-berries root of Aristolochia rotunda each one drachm Crabs dried in an oven 1 drachm and an half dried Burnet half an ounce Make a powder which must be boyled in 3 pounds of Wine to a third Let the Patient drink 1 ounce every day Platerus and foment the wound with it or inject it into the wound 3. This drives out all poyson from a poysoned burnt wound by a shot as I have often tried and though it be an ordinary Medicine yet it may be reckoned a great secret Take of Swallow-wort 1 ounce Valerian Tormentil each half an ounce Polypody 2 ounces Garden Angelica 4 ounces wild Angelica Marsh-mallow each two ounces nettle 1 ounce and an half root of Thymelaea 1 ounce and an half root of Scabious Valerian each half an ounce Let them be all gathered between the fifteenth of August and the eighth of September which must then be cut and put in a glazed pot well stopt with a sufficient quantity of vinegar and so let them stand 12 hours Then let them boyl an hour and an half Then pour off the Vinegar and when they are dried and beaten to powder add Quercetanus 12 berries of the herb Paris and 36 leaves Make a Powder the dose is 1 drachm in white wine A GUIDE TO The Practical Physician BOOK XIX Concerning Remedies borrow'd from Diet Surgery and Pharmacy Acidulae or Mineral Waters The Contents They cure contrary Distempers I. Not to be drunk rashly II. Whether the necessary quantity should be drunk together at one draught III. In what quantity they are to be drunk IV. The greatest dose is not to be taken it the beginning V. Whether when one is come to the highest Dose he must keep to it VI. The necessary quantity to be drunk in as little time as may be VII How many dayes they are to be drunk VIII Whether to be drunk cold or hot IX How to be emptied when they will not pass of themselves X. Whether the smoaking Tabaco help their passage XI Lying in Bed furthers their passage XII Riding is better than Foot-exercise XIII We must Purge once in eight or ten dayes XIV How one may know when to Dine XV. Sleep at Noon is to be avoided XVI The Waters are not to be drunk in the Evening XVII Whether Women should desist upon their Terms flowing XVIII Whether leanness alwayes prohibit their use XIX Divers cautions in their use XX. Whether artificial Acidulae can be prepared XXI Whether Victuals may be boyled in them XXII Of what parts Acidulae consist what Waters are understood by that name and of their vertue in general XXIII I. SPaw-Waters being endowed with the faculties of both hot and cold Minerals must needs cure both hot and cold Distempers in the same and in divers Bodies And seeing it is the property of heat to rarifie incide and attenuate and of cold to condense astringe and incrassate 't is no wonder that these waters produce contrary effects namely for instance both procure the Terms in Women and also stop their immoderate flowing For these Waters are an Empirical Medicine and the same thing happens to them as to Treacle which seeing it is compounded without reason and receives into it many things that are superfluous and repugnant to one another Heer cap. 9. 13. comes to cure various and those contrary Distempers II. A poor Country-Fellow being a long time troubled with Bleeding at the Nose and with the fluxus hepaticus drank the Mineral waters disorderly observing neither hour nor season yea in the very drinking of them whilst others use AnniseedS or Lozenges to warm their Stomachs he eat raw Apples laughing at those that advis'd him better But before a Month went about one of his Legs gangren'd so that he was glad to have it cut off and within a Month more the like Gangrene seis'd upon the Arm of the other side Heer Obs 23. about which whilst consultation was had whether it should be cut off also the poor Man died miserably III. Whether should the necessary quantity be drunk all together or be divided into several Doses This latter way is the safer for 1. being drunk at one draught the Stomach is so loaden with it that it vomits it up or 2. if it should be kept its weight would make it pass through so quickly that its vertue could not be put into act nor it self be distributed into the Body and 3. seeing they
holding their Breath they kept the smoke longer in their Mouth and did not so quickly puff it out For none can doubt but the fiery smoke of Tabaco when there is no other passage granted it by descending into the Stomach must heat the Waters Idem p. 120. and so hasten the pissing or exit of them XII I have seen some go to bed about two hours after they have drunk the Waters covering themselves warm and thereby to have procured a very quick passage for them yea very many have found this means more available than any other exercise Idem p. 121. XIII After drinking the Water the Body is to be exercised some way or one must return home which it will be better to do on Horse-back or in a Coach than on Foot as certain experience teaches For besides that such as travel on Foot are apt to sweat and so the Serum being diverted another way will flow more sparingly by Urine sitting upon an Horse or in a Coach compresses the Muscles of the Belly and the Intestines yea and the Stomach it self and agitates the Body more strongly whence the Waters being sooner heated are readilier pist out Idem p. 120. as will be most clear to any one that shall try it XIV He that will provide well for his Health must take a Purge once in eight ten or twelve dayes drinking no water for that day for thus the waters will pass more freely and the whole puddle of Humours being washt away Idem p. 100. the Body will be left most sound Let Physicians therefore give this direction to their Patients XV. Socrates said that the hour for rich men to dine is when they will and for the poor when they have wherewith Here we must dine when all or the greatest part of the water is emptied either inttohe Close-stool or Chamber-pot But because some especially on the first days evacuate but little or it may be but half the water that they may not hurt themselves by deferring dinner too long let them take this for a sign when they may conveniently dine If any one upon drinking the waters make some white Urine as all use to do and after that which is coloured let him dine securely for it is certain that the remainder of the water that is contained in his Body is retained for some other use by Nature which is the dispenser of what is taken or however when for about two hours he has ceased to piss or to go to stool if the water work that way he need not fear but he may dine safely Let him sup when his Appetite or his reason judges that his dinner is concocted Idem p. 150. XVI There is nothing worse for those that drink the waters than sleeping at Noon for it hinders their Operation seeing it dulls their nature whose office it is after a good digestion is made to expell superfluities and also shuts up the humours that ought to be thrown out of the Body in some part where they putrefie Besides this sleep ought rather to be ascribed to mineral vapors than to Nature so that it dulls the head heats the body and hence causes fluxions Moreover seeing it is short and therefore presently ceases to promote the concoction of the Stomach when they are awaked the meat comes to float through the Belly and the bile which is wont to be moved outward at that time is revoked inward by this fleep where being collected it may cause a Fever or if it stay long be excocted into a Melancholick juice Lastly there must needs be caused by this sleep contrary motions of the juices in the Body viz. by the day-light which calls them out and by the sleep that recalls them inwards But if any as many of the Italians have much used himself to Noon-sleep because there is little or no passion from things that one is accustom'd to let him attribute something to his custom and sitting upright in a Chair but not lying along on a Bed let him rather slumber than sleep Idem p. 132. XVII Towards Evening before Supper many say that the Waters are to be drunk again but only in half the quantity that was taken in the Morning but I have seldom seen that drinking them at this time has done any one good Therefore unless one have an extraordinary strong Stomach let him drink little or none before Supper Idem p. 133. unless perhaps it be to quench his thirst XVIII It often happens that while Women are drinking the Waters their Terms supervene and yet they think they ought to persist But we think they ought rather to forbear 1. Because the waters provoke the Terms whence there is fear that the flux should become immoderate and not to be stopt especially in those who have large Vessels and much and thin Blood and 2. Because no necessity presses that two evacuations should be attempted at the same time and your acidulae for the most part evacuate either by stool or Urine XIX Although your Acidulae dry yet there is no reason for the debarring of emaciated People from the use of them for fear their Soul which is seated in heat and moisture should be expelled for we have seen the driest persons and such as have seem'd to be almost without Blood rather living Carcases than men to become fleshy and in good plight by the use of these Waters namely the obstruction of the Mesaraicks and Liver being removed and the Stomach strengthened better chyle has been transmittd to the Veins whereby they have been replenished with good Blood Heer de acid Sâ—adar p. m. 66 which soon filled the Muscles with flesh XX. They whose Stomach has wholly lost its oeconomy They who cannot warm the Waters either by their natural heat or by such as is acquired by Medicines They whose vital Parts are almost extinguisht who have a long time labour'd under shortness of Breath whose Breast is distended with a dropsie of the Lungs who if they be adult cannot bear about eighty ounces of Water let none such come to the Spaw waters unless they would go worse away than they came or be buried there Such as come having invoked God and consulted the Physician having left cares at home and with a serene mind being intent only upon their health let them betimes in the Morning but the Sun being first up when they have clear'd their Body of its excrements through all the passages drink as much water as they can so their Stomach be not opprest let them evacuate by Urine or Stool what they have drunk when they have evacuated the greatest part let them dine after dinner let them drive away sleep by play walking c. let them Sup sparingly taking a short walk after Supper let them go betimes to Bed and let them follow this course of Life Heeâ— Spadacr p. 150. till the Physician shall advise them to depart XXI Some Chymists promise a certain compendium of your
Acidulae and pretend that they can do as much by a certain salt powder given to a few grains believing that the Stomach is offended by the great quantity of water which a little powder cannot do But this is a mistake for this is the prerogative of mineral waters that they do not offend the Stomach though taken in a large quantity in the mean time they pass through all the Vessels and whatsoever vitious matter they meet with they wash and cleanse it away which a few grains of any salt powder cannot do if one consider the great number of Mesaraick Vessels to which a few grains bear no proportion so as that the salt should be distributed to them all to say nothing of that singular mixture that is made by Nature which Art cannot imitate and that the vertue is not seated so much in any fixt salt as in a volatile Spirit which easily vanishes Sennertrâ— pract l. 3. part 5. sect 1. cap. 6. Nor must we rashly pass judgment of the qualities of these Waters for if we see that they consist of v. g. Alum Sulphur Iron Nitre c. we must not presently conclude Therefore they have the same vertues with the Minerals they consist of For according to Hippocrates lib. de vet medic In Man and other Mixts there is bitter salt acid insipid which being mixt and contemper'd are neither discerned nor offend But when any one of these shall be separated and exist by it self then it both becomes conspicuous and affects a Man and so obtains another vertue of affecting Hence gather that the qualities of Mineral Waters are to be enquired after by experience rather than by reason and that they are an Empirical Medicine whereby divers and contrary Distempers are cured See an example of artificial Acidul in Platerus's Observations lib. 3. p. 610. where he sayes that some mix Spirit of Vitriol with Acidulae that they may acquire an acidity but I have observed that that has prov'd prejudicial to many Willis sayes that he can make Artificial as effectual and grateful as the Natural XXII It is the opinion of some that it is convenient to boil Victuals in Mineral Waters but I do not approve of it 1. because the use of Medicaments ought not to be continual for by that means they become so familiar to Nature that they will effect little 2. Nature is not perpetually to be tir'd with Medicines but at Dinner and Supper time to be refreshed with mere aliments that she may endure the cure which is sometimes wont to last three four or five Weeks 3. Medicaments do infect aliments and these on the other hand dull the vertue of those 4. Mineral Waters do in no wise pass into the nourishment of the Body and therefore if they should be detained too long by the Food they would be corrupted for through the thinness and purity of their substance they are easily alter'd 5. If Victuals should be boil'd in the Waters it should either be for profit but then they would have but little vertue or for necessity but if they be drank twice aday they are taken in a quantity sufficient either for evacuation or alteration or lastly for pleasure Sebis p. 617. but so by boiling they lose their grateful taste c. XXIII Your Mineral waters commonly called Acidulae for the most part are wont to spring from a mixture of the Spirit of Vitriol sal Nitre and Alum which Minerals are indeed sometimes found simple but more often mixt more or less with other Minerals in the Bowels of the Earth especially with Iron There is great plenty of these Springs in divers Countreys in those especially that abound with Iron Mines Germany alone affords near a thousand as Bernhard Varenus affirms in his Geograph general cap. 17. lib. 1. But in Britain the more Famous are those of Barnet Epsom Tunbridge Astrop Scarburgh and that which springs out of S. Vincent's Rock near Bristol And the excellent vertues of these Acidulae both in reducing the over-fervent Blood to a just temper and also in cleansing it gently from Sulphureo-saline impurities both by Urine and Perspiration yea and in opening obstructions of the Bowels are so well known not to Physicians only but also to the unlearned multitude that they need not be published by me Nor need I stand in prescribing rules in the due use of them for that is done by others But I think good to intimate this in general that the Dose is to be increas'd or lessen'd daily according to the quicker or slower passage of the Waters observing a due regiment in the mean time both in Diet and Exercise and that a longer or shorter time is to be spent in drinking the Acidulae according to the greater or lesser Euphory and emolument of the drinker Gualt Charlton de Scorb p. 184. Adstringents The Contents The same are not convenient in all Cases I. III. How Medicines made of Mars astringe II. Respect is to be had to the Parts and Humors III. We must take heed of binding too much IV. In Diseases of the Breast we must astringe sparingly V. Whether there be astringent Clysters VI. In some Cases that require Astriction Openers c. are of use VII We must not rely much on Crocus Martis for astriction VIII When Tormentil is to be preferred before Bistort IX I. THe Universal and common Indicant for Astriction is the loosness of the solid Parts chiefly and next of the moist or in particular 1. The loosness of the Parietes Walls or Sides of the Parts hence Astringents are convenient in strengthning the Bowels when they are too loose and hence they are called and are Tonicks So Astringents also conduce to the moderating of the consistence of the Blood and resisting of Putrefaction whence many of them are also Alexipharmacks For the essence of malignant Diseases especially the Plague seems to consist in the resolution of the Blood when its consistence is so perverted that it is not sufficient for Vital actions but the Serum and Blood are parted of which sort are both Acids and mucilaginous precipitants and also Balsamick diaphoreticks 2. The rarity of the Pores 3. The mobility of the humors 4. The solution of the unity of the Membranes and Vessels 5. The consequent eruption of the humors sometimes of the Blood and Serum Now astringents that are owing to these Indicants are of divers kinds which although they all agree in uno tertio and intend one and the same end yet as Galen notes 3. de sang miss c. 15. this or that Astringent Medicine besides its astriction has several other qualities and therefore cannot obtain altogether the same effect or Different effects are observed to proceed from different Astringents For that which astringes besides astriction is either Acrimonious or Fat or Sweet or Bitter or Salt or Acid whereby is manifestly intimated what difference there is in the choice of Astringents for this or the other purpose In
fine commending that saying of our Master's That in desperate cases 't is better to let our Patients dye than to kill them XXXVII 'T is a question where there be a Cautery without pain to which it is rightly answer'd if we speak comparatively That there is For those things that are of greater activity and forthwith corrupt the part cause little or no pain Crystals of Silver afford such a Cautery that are made of Silver with aqua fortis Moreover we see such a thing in the Body not only outwardly in a Gangrene and mortification where we may Mechanically and Elegantly as it were conceive such a like caustick Salt but also in a painless dysentery G. W. Wedel de s m. fac p. 64. when so great an Acrimony comes so suddenly on the membranous parts that it forthwith takes away all sense whence it is then absolutely mortal Cephalicks or Medicines for the Head See Book 3. Of the Diseases of the Head in general The Contents The distinction of Cephalicks I. Which are those that are called Volatil II. Which fixed III. Which of a middle nature IV. Cautions in their administration V. The hurt of Cephalick Waters Spirits c. VI. I. CEphalick Remedies respect either 1. the Membranes and Herves and their irritation tension which is very considerable in the Membranes and twitching and these are profitable in pains of the Head Falling-sickness Tremblings and Convulsive motions whether they be discutients or demulcents with a Balsamick Sulphureous vertue such as are paregoricks Germander Ground-pine Vervain Penny-royal Betony Rosemary-flowers Castor Amber c. or inverting and absorbing acrimony as chiefly Cinnabarines whence it appears how these very Medicines are good both in the Falling-sickness and Head-aches and also in pains of the Joynts in Pleuritick pains and so in the pains of any part of the Body The more correct Opiats belong hither also Or 2. they respect the Humours especially the Lympha or Serum and withal the Spirits and Vapours or thin Steams and indeed if these exceed in quantity then Evacuaters and diverters that are endued with a volatil oleous Sulphur such as are good in Catarrhs and repletion in the Vertigo Night-mare for some sort of Epilepsie in weakness of Memory c. as Peony wild Thyme Majoran c. but if they fail in their due quantity then Restorers Moisteners and diluters as inwardly watry Medicines Liquids Potions Decoctions drinking freely which are necessary ia Madness Melancholy too much watching if the Humours be acrimonious thin and salt then fixers and temperaters Or 3. they respect the Spirits which failing require Restorers volatil oleous Balsamicks in particular Ambergriefe Apoplectick Waters distilled Oyls c. which are profitable for prevention of the Apoplexy strengthen the Memory restore the Planet-struck c. But if the Spirits are unruly and too plentiful if they estuate and are enraged they are temperated by moisteners and restorers of the Serum by acids that restrain ratefaction nitrous Medicines that promote evaporation Opiats that tye as in Madness and Phrensie whence they are also good in want of Sleep Or 4. the vapours or halitus which being excessive preternatural and extraneous inasmuch as the Blood being too halituous or infected with a preternatural Sulphur just as we see in People drunk makes the Spirits turbulent are corrected as well by gentle aromaticks and strengtheners such as are vulgarly called Hinderers of Vapours from rising up to the Head and discussers of them as Coriander digesting powders that help concoction and strengthen the Stomach as also by acids which obtund the Sulphureous and Cholerick Humours as in Drunkenness But when these Vapours or halitus fail then roscid vapours all which yet is more rightly attributed to the Serum imbued with these qualities are restored both by moisteners whence in burning Fevers it is advisable to prescribe Epithems either of Rose-water only or Emulsions that notably moisten and cool and also by such things as breed an halituous Blood by gentle Aromaticks whence both Sennertus and Simon Pauli advise and experience her self also bears witness that want of Sleep in old Men is not so well helped by Opiates alone or by refrigerating Medicines as by sweet evaporating ones and such as are endued with an oleous Sulphur such as are species diambrae diamoschi and Wine it self which we have known some use with good success to the end namely that the Serum may be brought to its proper state and prevail by a resoluble Sulphur Or 5. Cephalicks respect the pores of the Brain it self either by opening of them when they are too much shut and obstructed or by shutting of them when they are too wide and gaping The pores of the Brain are opened by volatil Medicines especially Urinous if at any time they are depressed and closed up through the plenty of Humours or by subsidence compression or other causes and grant not a free passage to the Spirits as especially in the Palsie Apoplexy loss of Speech thick Catarrhs in which Distempers such Medicines as open the pores of the Nerves are of the greatest avail also in immoderate Sleep and the like Diseases Lethargy Sleeping Coma and others as for instance the Spirit of Sal Armoniack with which and the Spirit of the Lilies of the Valley I have cured a number of paralytick Persons sometimes also discussers are to be added And when the Pores are too wide they are closed both by Medicines that increase the Serum in substance and that bestow on the Blood a gentle resoluble Sulphur G. W. Wedâ—l de s m. fac p 80. whence they are good and are indicated both in want of Sleep raging deliriums Phrensie and in other intemperatures II. Cephalicks Volatils are 1. such as are endued with an Oleous Aromatick sweet Sulphur in one word Balsamicks as the Leaves and roots of Angelica the leaves of Rosemary Majoran Sage Rue the wood Sassaphras c. aad their Spirits Oyls and Volatil Oleous Salts And these are withal Paregorick and pacifie the irritated membranes and restore the fainting Spirits yea they correct also the hâ—litus or vapours and widen the pores 2. Vrinous Volatils as the most renouned Spirit of sal Armoniack the Spirit of Urine whence the tincture of the Sun and Moon or Gold and Silver do almost wholly borrow their vertue 3. Acid Volatils as the cephalick striated Spirit of Vitriol Aqua Apoplectica Mulicrum c. although these are more fixed as it were Helmont was almost the first that observed that Cephalicks commend themselves by their volatil Salt So also Conserves Condites and other preparations of Vegetables belong hither Idem III. Fixed Cephalicks are either earthy as Perles Corals Cinnabar or Acid or Nitrons or watry diluters and these are of use to absorb and dilute Acrimonious Humours that irritate the membranes to bind doze and pacifie the enraged Spirits and to procure liberty to the pores inasmuch as they absorb the Acrimony of the Humours IV. Cephalicks
and the Patient gets leisure to recruit himself and to recollect his Spirits that he may thence forward more strongly bear up against the fluxion and that Remedy is chiefly convenient when the weakness of the faculties hindreth revulsion or derivation by venesection and on this account Cupping-glasses are called the Deputies of Venesection Franc. Bayle probl Med. 15. especially when they are applied with scarification Cupping-glasses may be also profitable on other accounts though they draw none of the poisonous infection away XII If dry Cupping-glasses be applied with a large flame there must needs be a strong attraction as they commonly speak or rather a compulsion of the Humours because of the Cupping-glasses and the flesh must be raised into a great Tumour under the Glasses and thereupon the Skin must be vehemently distended and the capillary Vessels spread through it distracted and their Mouths loosened their Sides broken the Blood contained in them poured out and when it is out of the Vessels contract a blackness seeing in a warm place by the contact of the Air by little and little it coagulates These things happen not only to the Sick but to the most Healthful Therefore the blackish Spots that are bred of the Blood poured out in this manner under the Skin do not denote the malignity but the strong drawing of the Glasses by using a great flame Nevertheless those Spots are more easily raised in some through the thinness of their Blood the softness of their Vessels the laxity of the Parts c. of which the Physician ought to judge from the different Circumstances Idem Probl. 14. The Diet of Sick Persons in general The Contents Whence the institution of Diet is to be taken I. In the beginning of the Disease a more liberal Diet is not always to be allowed II. Whether it be worse to offend in a thin or a thick Diet. III. Solid Meat in a small quantity is not the same with Spoon-meat in a great IV. Whether detraction of Meat be therefore necessary because there is a necessity of evacuation V. What such Diet is to be prescribed before the Crisis VI. The Diet must be thinner and thinner VII Whether it be worse to offend in Meat or Drink VIII Whether where there are many corrupt Humours there be need of much Aliment IX In the number of Meals regard is to be had to custom X. A more liberal Diet is not presently to be granted to those who have sustained some evacuation XI We must not depart altogether from the accustomed Diet. XII In the universal beginning of a Disease sometimes a thinner Diet and in the state a fuller is convenient XIII Nexious Aliments especially if craved sometimes help XIV Their emendation for the use of those that cannot abstain from such Aliments XV. The cure of Diseases is not to be expected from Diet alone without other Remedies XVI Yet it alone sometimes suffices for the cure of some Diseases XVII At what time the Pain is more troublesome Meat is not to be given XVIII Whether Ptisan be the best Diet of all XIX It is not alike good for all Sick Persons XX. What water is best XXI Its Vertues XXII How it moves excreation XXIII How it is bilious XXIV Its hurts when given unseasonably XXV Whether raw or boiled water be best XXVI Eggs are not good in fluid Affections XXVII The eating of Fish is not always to be rejected XXVIII The distillation of Flesh is unfit for Nutrition XXIX How to prepare Restoratives XXX Emulsions alone supply not the place of Aliments XXXI Fructus horarii are most wholsom when eaten actually cold XXXII Whether it be wholsom to eat Fruits XXXIII Whether it be wholsom to eat Olera and Herbs XXXIV Or Salads XXXV All Wine does not dry XXXVI Water is good to drink in a drying Diet. XXXVII snow-Snow-water is not alwayes unwholsom XXXVIII A crowd of People is to be kept out of the Patients Chamber XXXIX The Patient's Linen is to be changed often XL. Respect is to be had to the foregoing life and custom of the Sick XLI The benefits of Sleep procured by Art XLII I. THere are two chief Scopes upon which the Eyes of the Physician are fixed The Faculty and the Disease the former requires to be preserved the latter to be removed the Faculty requires Meat by which it self is preserved but the Disease encreased the Disease requires Remedies whereby the Faculty is weakened But because the Business cannot be done without both a Diet is to be found out with Method whereby the Patient may hold out till the crisis of the Disease Now it is clear that the more Meat a man needs the less can be bear the subtraction of it And that one man stands more in need of Meat than another happens either from the Disease or from the Man or from Externals And in the Disease it self either from its Constitution or its Species From the Constitution because the longer it will be the thicker Diet is necessary namely that it may suffice for many days Therefore he that would prescribe a right Diet to his Patients must learn the Art of foreknowing the constitution of every Disease and then must know also that the longer the Disease is like to be he must be the more indulgent from the beginning Otherwise than improvident Physicians do who having no foresight of future things and observing that in acute Diseases the Faculty is sooner and greatlier affected and urged with more frequent Symptoms being afraid of the Faculty begin presently to cram their Patients and on the contrary in the beginning of Chronical Distempers being affrighted with no Symptoms and seeing but a small dissolution of the Faculties they dare too much extenuate the Diet And afterwards when they see the Diseases continue longer than they had reckoned upon fearing the length of Abstinence they are forced to encrease the Diet first indeed by the subtraction suffering the Faculties to be debilitated before the time and then by the addition hindring the concoction of the Humours Whereas they should do on the contrary I mean in the beginning of the Disease they should allow a fuller Diet but when concoction is proceeding and the Disease passing to a crisis they should withdraw it by degrees with the same swiftness whereby the duration of the Disease it self is contracted For those parts of the Disease wherein the concoctions do more employ Nature do more forbid a full Diet Therefore because of the alterations of the Humours the beginnings of Diseases when Nature has not yet entred upon concoction permit to give more meat than their increasings and these than their heights Nor must we act as we have said only because of the concoction of the Humours but in respect to the Faculty it self because this is in so much the greater danger by subtracting Victuals in the beginning than afterwards by how much the more remains to be transacted The Faculty therefore alone requires that Meat
most of all cast down the vigour of the Body so that neither does the Stomach concoct aright nor the Liver or Veins turn it aright into Blood neither moreover is the distribution apposition expulsion of excrements or any of the natural actions performed duly because of the pain hurting the actions and especially for that Nature being intent upon that which grieves her sends the Blood and Spirits which are the common instrument for all actions to the place of the pain whence it comes to pass that the parts appointed for concoction suffer a want of them which is a cause that the Meat is ill concocted in the Stomach Liver and Veins and easily acquires thence a foreign or preternatural heat at length becomes a cause of the encrease of the pain When therefore the parts appointed for concoction suffer a want of the influent heat and the object on which it is to work remains on that account liable to a foreign heat Nature being intent upon another work Physicians do advisedly to let Blood in a great pain that as much as Nature fails of her wonted care so much the Blood may be lessened Nor is Blood to be let only that we may preserve the Humour that is in the Liver and Veins safe from a preternatural heat but we advise provokers to vomit for the meat that is in the Stomach It would be mad advice therefore to administer meat at that time wherein the emptying of it out of the Stomach is a Remedy for the pain But seeing there are many differences of pain so that some invade and remit by turns some torment continually and of these some have got such a vehemence as to bring the Patient into watchings and others into inquietudes the same course of diet is not to be taken in them all Whosoever are disquieted with continual pains and watchings must abstain from all Meat and Drink for the Disease to which a continual inquietation is joined is terminated within four dayes for its vehemence and therefore a total abstinence is convenient Those pains indeed are the most vehement that bring the Patients into inquietude Hence Galen l. 1. Those that are ill of pains are often without a pulse and fall into faintings and can be moved no manner of way The like things to these happen from the acuteness of a Disease But there are some whose faculty is not affected hereby but through an evacuation of the vessels made some manner of way Whether therefore it be through an excretion manifest to sense or by perspiration or through fasting these indeed need nourishment and refreshment quickly But on the contrary if it be through pain or acuteness of the Disease they stand more need of some evacuation than addition yea he that gives food to these does them the greatest mischief From Galen's words a strong argument is taken that no food is to be given to one labouring under a vehement pain with strength of the faculties seeing he writes that it does much mischief to those who are made very weak through pain so that they are without pulse and are taken with swooning In those pains that are next to the most vehement the Patients can keep one posture of lying but can take no sleep wherefore such a Diet is to be granted to these as we said was convenient for those Diseases that terminate on the seventh day for continual watchings are one of the three Symptomes that terminate a Disease on the 7th day For those therefore who through pain endure continual watchings such sustenance as is to be drunk is convenient So Hippocrates But we must use Drink if there be any pain vinegar and Honey or oxymel hot in the Winter and cold in the Summer but if there be much thirst Water and Honey and Water alone In which place Hippocrates hath defined the form of Diet from the reason of the two Symptomes from pain and much thirst whence gather Brudus de victu Febricit lib. 3. c. 27. that when there is any pain we must use something to drink for our food and that there is no place for such things as we use to sup XIX Hippocrates sayes Ptisan or Barley-broth seems to me to be rightly preferred before all food made of Bread-corn in these acute Diseases and indeed I commend those who prefer it for its lentor or clammy glibness is smooth and continued and pleasant slippery and indifferently moist c. Note that Hippocrates does not say that Ptisan is better than all other food but that it is deservedly preferred before all other food made of Bread-corn Therefore every Physician will prescribe to his Patients that are ill of Fevers rather Ptisan of Barley than of Wheat or any pulse yet it is not therefore worse to give them Hen or Chicken broth boiling such things therein as are proper for the Fever viz. cooling Diureticks c. And not this only but there are other things that are every whit as good as potcht Eggs and small Fish that live in clear stony Rivers for the Diet of Feverish Persons is not defined by any certain matter but that it be thin and moist easie of concoction and of good juice The most ancient that were not far removed from the first Men lived more upon pulse fruits and herbs and were not so accustomed to Flesh and therefore Physicians used rather Ptisans in acute Diseases than Flesh But now Men are such eaters of Flesh Valles comm in l. 1. in v. Acut. that from the indication of custom Physicians have deservedly turned to thin flesh and omitted Ptisans ¶ The Marrow or crumb of a white loaf boil'd in broth is a frequent dish in our dayes whether it ought to be had in the number of meats or Spoon-meat is not clear for Hippocrates lib. de Affect hath placed it among meats when he commands it should not be given to Persons in Fevers We give it to such instead of Spoon-meat and if such crumb by long boiling in broth be reduced to smoothness so as it may be supt it is placed in the rank of Spoon-meats and may be given to Persons in Fevers And this is it which we commonly use and vulgarly call Pap. If the said crumb be only wet in Broth Martian comm in v. 25. l. de Affect it ought to be ranked amongst meats in which form Hippocrates will not give it to Feverish Persons ¶ The many benefits that are ascribed to Ptisan agree to this yet that heat which it acquires from the ferment seemeth to be somewhat contrary so that upon this account it is hotter and drier But according to some Mens opinion it is not unprofitable to wash the Bread once or twice in pure water and then to boil it in good broth especially that of a Chicken which attemperates all the Humours and brings them to an equality long boiling is to be added which procures equality of substance as to Ptisan so to Bread so that it becomes most easie
of concoction and most agreeable to Nature XX. Ptisan is not generally good for any unless those that are in Fevers or that have an estuating Stomach or Hypochondres it produceth a thick juice especially joyned with Pine-apples and being endued with a deterging vertue it also hurries the meat off the Stomach sooner than is fitting Fortis cons 82. cent 3. XXI Many things are deliver'd concerning the choice of water and how to know which is better and which worse Some approving most of all of Rain-water as being thinnest and boiled as it were by heat others greatly dispraising it as partaking of all Malignant qualities inasmuch as it is drawn out of all things even the most hurtful and sordid Some preferring before all other Well or Conduit-water as being the best cleansed by their percolation through the Earth others thinking these to be the most thick crude and flatuous of all and some lastly esteeming Fountain or River-water the best I think it is consonant to the opinion of Hippocrates and Galen and so to the truth that Summer Rain-water that descends with Thunder and Storms is the best of all inasmuch as this is not truly made of Vapours that are thick and that ascend with abundance of moisture but of such as are thin and are hardly extracted by the force of the heat but that other Rain-water which descends from thick and very opaque Clouds and is foggy is the worst of all sordid partaking of evil qualities and easily putrefying Moreover Well or Conduit-water that is sweet and is known to be derived from the next River or Spring is better than River or Spring waters themselves unless the Ground that lies betwixt the Wells and the Rivers or Springs partake of some foreign quality But if the Well-water as it commonly does proceed from that abyss of waters that is every where under the Earth it is certainly the thickest and most crude Seeing therefore the best Rain-water cannot be procured without too great curiosity and Rain-water is seldom to be had from a River and has that danger with it which we spoke of the ground or soil it is better to use Spring or River water the best that is in or near the Town we live in especially seeing that vertue which is in the Summer Rain-water you may impart to Spring-water by boiling it and that vertue that is in Well or Conduit water you may impart to River-water by barrelling of it up For both by barrelling up the water is purged and by boiling it is moreover attenuated but Spring-water cannot be kept so well as River-water Yea and besides the boiling that Water which flows out of Springs that are high and exposed to the Sun that run down a steep place towards the Rising or Noon-Sun is wont to be more concocted and better than that which runs out of dark and foggy places towards contrary places But because one Water differs so much from another Spring from Spring River from River and Well from Well that many Spring and River Waters are worse than most Well-waters 't will indeed be better to try by proper Notes the very Water by it self omitting its manner of breaking out of the Ground and in every place to use that which Nature has provided the best there whether it run along the Ground or spring up in a Fountain or be drawn out of a Well That is best which is most simple and thin you may know its simplicity from the greatness of its want of taste colour and smell and its thinness from the quickness of its growing hot or cold as it is said in the Aphorism Valles comm in l. de vict Acut. p. 127. for you will find this a better and more exact sign than that which is taken from its weight XXII Hippocrates adds In acute Dâ—seases I have no other operation to attribute to the drinking of Water that is Water performs nothing else for the Body than to serve for drink and to serve for drink is nothing else than to be a vehicle for the Aliment You will object that it is said 6 Epid. s 4. Water is devouring that is it stirs up an appetite to meat and that Galen m. m. reports very many things of plentiful drinking of cold Water namely that it extinguisheth burning Fevers if it be taken seasonably and by a fit Person namely by such an one in whom there is neither crudity nor any inward inflammation nor weakness of any principal Part nor too much leanness of Body for these things are not to be remedied by drink only but by the best Medicines But inasmuch as it is said to be devouring that belongs not to acute Diseases but to the Diet of healthful Persons As to what we said of its extinguishing of burning Fevers Hippocrates does not deny the first vertues of Waters that is those which are in them in respect of their first qualities for he will not gainsay that they cool and moisten but only the second and third for Water neither incides nor cleanseth nor doth any other thing in a Man which belongs to the second faculties nor does it either astringe or loosen or draw or repel but as it refrigerates and therefore it neither asswageth a Cough nor brings up Phlegm nor loosens the Belly nor provokes Urine nor does any other thing that belongs to the third faculties nor does it draw forth sweat or breed Milk nor lastly is any other faculty attributed to it than to convey the aliment and to cool and moisten Idem and by cooling and moistening it extinguisheth a Fever XXIII But a little water adds Hippocrates if it be supt betwixt Oxymel or Vinegar and Honey and Melicratum or Mead brings up Phlegm because of the change of the quality of the Drinks That is if he that useth Oxymel or Mead made with Wine do betwixt these sup a little water sometimes even the water will further the Coughing up not indeed as if that were proper to the Water but because seeing it is void of all faculties it easily receives the vertues of all the things wherewith it is mingled or which are boiled or steeped in it When therefore it is drunk betwixt Mead and Oxymel it makes an inundation and moves the other drink and is mixed with it and encreaseth the fusility and therefore the Coughing up Idem XXIV Hippocrates in the foresaid place sayes that water is Cholerick to a Cholerick Nature and therefore such as have a Cholerick Nature it cannot quench their thirst but rather irritates it But how is Water Cholerick to any that is so greatly contrary to Choler seeing it is cold and moist Not surely as if it self were turned into Choler for so it cannot be but because making an inundation of Choler it does after a sort encrease it and causes it to redound this way and that way like indeed as he that pours Water into Wine makes there be more Wine namely such as is dilute Indeed
nothing is more known by experience than that by drinking water the bitterness is increased in their Mouths that abound with too much Choler namely the Choler being diluted floats even to the Mouth and therefore in such Idem thirst will be irritated by Water XXV In the same place Hippocrates speaks thus of water Neither does it quench thirst but encreases it for it is of a bilious Nature as was said before and is naught and very bad for the Hypochondres and does greaty cast down the faculties when it enters into the vacuum and encreaseth the Spleen and Liver when they are scorched and it fluctuates and swims atop for it is of a slow passage because it is coldish and crude That is it is very bad for the Hypochondres because it is very cholerick and encreaseth the cacochymie And if it slide into the vacuum that is there betwixt the Bowels and Peritonaeum it casts down the faculties as in hydropical persons and swell the Liver and Spleen when they are scorched because it passes not through but fluctuates there and swims atop and those viscera swell from the water that abides in or upon them especially when they are hot with much choler which the water increases and it passes not through because it is cold and crude for those things that are such are of slow motion For this cause it neither provokes to stool nor Urine because it stays long and it does some hurt on this account because Nature is without excrements it is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which term some think is given it because it causes no dejection but I think it rather signifies either the Intestin that wanteth excrement or the food of which no dung is made here it is spoken of water and therefore it signifies that no Dung is bred of water and that for this reason it does some hurt But what can the hurt be that it is without Dung Galen interprets it that to be without Dung is not to cause dejections as if Hippocrates by these words should give a reason why it causeth not dejection but it s not causing of dejections is but a weak argument that it self is without Dung for many things have more Dung and yet cause dejections less than even water as black and thick Wine Therefore I supppose that as he said before that oxymel does greater harm to the Intestin when it is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is void of excrements because these fence the Intestins so water hurts something because it is without faeces more than it would do if it bred some for these would fence the Intestins But Hippocrates will seem to affirm falsly that it causes no dejections because many mens bellies happen to be loosened by drinking of water but that happens not from any loosening quality that is in the water but because by cooling and moistning it hurts the retentive faculty in the Guts Idem XXVI The ignorant vulgar suppose that all waters are to be boiled for sick persons to make them thinner and purer but the Nature of the thing is otherwise for by insensible halitus or steams what is thin transpires from the waters in boiling and that which is thick remains besides that waters are thereby rendred less grateful to the taste by a certain ineffable and musty relish But they defend themselves with the authority of Aristotle who 4. Meteor teaches That all things wax thick by boiling except water which because it is simple its parts can by no means be separated by boiling as they may in other things that consist of mixture But I question not but if water be long boiled it will grow thick after a sort for it is not altogether pure and sincere so that with making a resolution of it by boiling it cannot be made more sincere and by consequence thicker its aereal and thin part whereby it looked thinner and clearer being resolved For as it is made worse when it is frozen by the strength of the cold so also by the strength of heat which Hippocrates proves l. de aere aq and locis where he says that all waters from Snow and Ice are bad because what is clear light and sweet in them is separated and lost Wherefore it seems to me safer to allow to sick persons very clear pure and long-kept water than to make it perhaps worse by boiling But that I may not seem to depart from the received custom I say those only are to be boiled that have some fault in them which may be amended by boiling Thus we observe that boiling is good for three sorts of faulty waters 1. for the fenny and muddy which Galen commands to boil because when they grow cold they lose their ill savour their earthy part subsiding which before was confused with the whole 2. That water which displeaseth neither by its taste nor smell but by its stay in the Stomach is grievous to it and the hypochondres if it should not be boiled ought however to be heated according to Galens precept as having some fault from the mixture of corrupt air or containing something that proceeds from an unknown cause for that is very well put to flight by the vertue of the fire 3. The last sâ—rt is the crude for as we prepare many yea most other things that are fit to eat in like manner we change some waters also into a better Nature by boiling Mercat de Indic Med. lib. 1. c. 2 Hippocrates calls such untamed as having the sun averse from them and are taken out of wells c. XXVII Seeing Hippocrates 1. de morb mul. sect 2. grants the use of Eggs to Child-bed Women when their purgations flow immoderately it is a plain argument that they have a faculty to stay or stop so that the purgations may be suppressed by them Hence gather that they are unfit in those Diseases wherein 't is fitting that the passages of the Body should be open and wherein the Humours are prepared for an exit And moreover gather that their astringent vertue is not obtained by boiling only seeing Hippocrates in the place quoted uses rear Eggs and not hard ones for astringing So 4. Acut. v. 390. he prescribes Eggs that are not hard but betwixt hard and soft for those who are troubled with a loosness But the indifferent parts which an Egg consists of are to be noted the Yelk whether it be given raw or roasted or potcht does always bridle the motion of the Humours and astringe by incrassating but the white whilst it is taken liquid whether it be boiled till it become like milk or be raw does loosen the Belly for by the vertue of the white potcht Eggs do loosen the Belly in some Hippocrates uses a raw one out of water in a burning Fever 3. de morb because as he says it cools and loosens the Belly Pr. Martian comm in l. c. p. 202. Wherefore those do not well for their Patients in Fevers that throw away
and not a few into the cholera morbus or Vomiting and Loosness whereas many by cooled fruits are freed from Agues though otherwise they be occupied in Business and Exercises All therefore I think will greatly commend the custom of cooling your fructus horarii by putting Snow to them for if any find his Stomach offended by the coldness of the fruits he may know for certain that he needs them not nor must such an one be advised to eat them hot but to eat either very little or none at all But it is otherwise with Drink for many are offended by cold Drink that nevertheless stand in need of that which is as cold as Ice whence it is manifest that Snow is far more necessary for horary Fruits than for Drink though for this also it be profitable for many during the Summer and a good part of the Autumn but at other times though it may be pleasant to some yet it is hurtful to all And therefore I would both begin and end the use of Snow with horary fruits and in the mean while very much cool the fruits with it and would have every one take as much as he needs according to the nature both of the whole man and also of the Belly alone which nature is either hot or cold dry or moist or some mean between these and according to the Custom and Experience that every one has of his own Body But Drink is not alike convenient for all but for every one his own way consideration being made according to the same scopes Valles comm in 5. Epid. p. 498. for thus many things would be profitable that most now dispraise XXXIII As to Fruits Avicen pronounces generally that they are all bad for Persons in Fevers whom yet all the Greeks oppose Galen 1. ad Gl. grants such in the cure of a Tertian as are easily concocted Trallianus prescribes Peaches both raw and boiled Musk-melons and Melopepones or Cucumbers and chides some Roman Physicians that abstained from Pompions because they bred choler from Gal. 2. de Alim when yet Galen says in that place that Pompions breed the cholera morbus if they be eaten too plentifully Yet he prescribes Pompions an hour before the Fit and also orders the Patient to drink after them a good quantity of temperate Water for much choler being thereby evacuated by Stool or Sweat the Ague has ceased Therefore he adds In every hot intemperies of the Kidneys Liver Stomach Head in a Tertian Ague or continual Fever nothing is better than a Pompion or Cucumber which latter also he prefers before a Pompion because it is altogether harmless Hippocrates himself in Lib. de Affect writes thus of Pompions The Cucumber-Pompion provokes Stool and Vrine and is light and the other Pompion does in some kind cool and allay thirst both of them afford but a thin nourishment and yet no harm that 's worth speaking of proceeds from either Besides the sweetness of Musk-melons and their grateful Scent commend them But we at this day know not what are the Pepones Melopepones or Cucumeres of the Ancients and therefore to come to our own Our Musk-Melons which many esteem for a dainty for their admirable sweetness of taste and smell are yet unwholsom they easily putrefie in an hot Stomach for they are very moist as appears in that from a small root they grow into a great bulk they are presently corrupted by every quality of the Air and they alwayes lie upon the ground whence by eating of them putrid and serous Humours are by degrees heaped up in the Veins whence Fevers or Agues encrease and are lengthened out or if they be not present they are procured so that these are accounted the most unwholsom of all horary fruits What some alledge of their sweetness and grateful odour makes nothing towards their commendation for this ought to be meant of the same kind of meat and not of divers for very many that are most grateful are more pernicious than those that are less grateful But our Cucumbers that use to be eat young and unripe though they cannot be called wholsom yet they ought to be reckoned less hurtful both because they have a kind of sowrness and also because they are corrected with Vinegar and Salt but in the plenty of so many Remedies 't is better to abstain from them than to run the hazard To come to other fruits They are various hot cold moist easily corruptible horary acid sweet fresh dry The hot when the indication is taken from a Fever are wholly hurtful yet in respect to the febrile cause or some Symptom they may be granted as Figs to cleanse or if the Colick accompany The cold are good with respect to a Fever and they profit the Hectick and those that are taken with an Ephemera or a Fever that lasts but for a day but though by cooling they may benefit in putrid Fevers yet in regard of the putrefaction they hurt because they are easily inflamed and boil in a hot and foul stomach which is chiefly to be understood of the horaei such as Straw-berries Mulberries Plums Peaches Cherries Now 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 from whence horaeus is derived is the Summer and the Fruits that are gathered in that Season cannot be kept for their great moisture but are suddenly corrupted unless they be dried or preserv'd and all those Fruits that the Latins call fugaces are of a bad juice and windy and when they are corrupted become like to Poisons But the Fruits which may be kept as Grapes Almonds Damsons dried and Prunes may be allowed as also all acid Fruits as Lemons Oranges Pomegranats for they temper the febrile heat allay thirst stir up an appetite hinder the ascent of vapours But yet the too great plenty of acid Fruits is to be avoided because if one take too much of them or unless they be temper'd by boiling as they are wont to be when made into Syrups they breed great Obstructions otherwise they profit very much by cooling inciding resisting Putrefaction Some also of the horaei may be granted because they are corrected by boiling and by putting Sugar to them from which yet if we abstain in bilious Fevers or at least use it sparingly it will be better because it heats and turns it self into choler as sweet things are wont So in an exquisite Tertian Avicen commendeth sweet Pomegranats Prunes the Indian Melon because it loosens provokes Urine allays heat and moves sweat in some manner Fresh Fruit also in some particulars is better than that which has been longer gathered for some Fruits grow musty in time as Almonds Pine-Apples likewise these when they are long kept become oily and therefore are not so fit in acute Fevers because the oily part is easily inflamed and turned into choler and therefore in the Milk which we call Almond-milk we must have great care that the Almonds be not rancid or musty for the fresher they are the better Some boil
that Milk but the raw is better than the boiled for it cools more because of the admixture of much watriness which is consumed by boiling and therefore it alters less and is made thicker and less apt to temper the febrile heat On the contrary some Fruits are the better for being cold as Raisins Prunes and all such as abound with too much moisture when they are new and may be reduced to a more wholsom nature by being laid up Primiros de Febr. p. 144 XXXIV Pot-herbs and others are profitable in Fevers to alter 1. Cold as Lettuce Eâ—dive Spinach in bilious Fevers 2. Hot as Tyme Hyssop Majoran in Phlegmatick but we must not use them alone for they have no nourishing vertue in them or but little they are rather Medicinal therefore they are prescribed to be boil'd in Broths that there may be Medicin with Aliment The Sick therefore may not have leave to feed upon Herbs and Roots for most of them use to be turned into a porraceous or leeky choler in the Stomach and Galen having dispraised almost all Herbs in relation to food seems to grant Lettuces only as being less hurtful Let them therefore be taken boiled with other Aliments for alteration XXXV Moreover Salads are not disallowed of some Galen 1. ad Glaucon cap. 9. and 10. grants not only Lettuces but also Garden orach Mallows Sorrel and if Vinegar be added it will stir up the Appetite resist Putrefaction cut tough Humours open Obstructions yet but a little Oil is to be added because it is easily inflam'd in Fevers But Vinegar being used with Salads or other Meat in a little quantity cannot dry much but rather according to Galen resists Putrefaction stirs up Appetite makes Victuals pass down well colliquates and attenuates the thick and so Olera as Cabbage Spinach c. with Vinegar are not so hurtful they nourish but little are cold and moist excite appetite and being boiled in Broth and prepared or dress'd with Salt and Vinegar Primiros de Febr. p. 143. may be good XXXVI Galen in Arte parva commends Wine as a Restorative for old Men and such as are recovering from Sickness but so it is that Wine dries and does not moisten I answer that Galen allows of Wine of an indifferent age such as is pure and clear in substance namely that which is a little yellowish or whitish smells well and as to the taste seems neither altogether watry nor exceeds much in any quality whether sweetness or acrimony or bitterness but such Wine as this does not dry but moisten This we note from this place against almost all the Moderns who think that all Wine dries for if the Wine described by Galen dried doubtless it would be bad for Persons recovering from Sickness and old Men who are already too dry therefore we say that the Wine proposed by Galen for taking away the dry disposition of Persons recovering from Sickness and old Men has a faculty to moisten substantially and is temperate as to heat and dries not Sanctor art parv c. 99. for no temperate quality can dry or moisten heat or cool XXXVII It is observable that Hippocrates used Water for drink in a drying Diet and neither Wine nor Wine and Honey though both of these moisten less than Water which he did not that he suspected Wine for any reason for besides that he grants black racy Wine in an exulceration of the Womb if he had suspected Wine he should have prescribed some other Drink and not simple Water Hippocrates therefore approves of Water inasmuch as it affords very little or no nourishment to the Body the principal action of which nourishment is to recruit and moisten the radical moisture of the Body which is continually spent and so it happens by accident that water dries Add also that Drinks that nourish the Body are sooner distributed through it and by consequent moisten it than Water which because as Hippocrates said P. Martian comm in v. 183 Sect. 3. l. 1. de Morb. mul. it stays longer in the Hypochondres it does not proceed so to moisten the Body as other Drinks that are more pleasant to Nature XXXVIII Santorellus Lib. 26. Antepr c. 8. admires that Avicen has written that Snow-water is good where he says 2. 1. Doctr. c. 16. But Snow and Water turn'd to ice seeing it is clean and not mixt with any other thing that has a bad quality whether it be melted and Water be made of it or other water be cooled by it by lâ—ying it on the outside of the vessel or it self be put into water it will be good But the admiration will fall if you understand Avicen of a Morbous state wherein if you give Water diluted with Snow as a Medicine you will not err XXXIX Those do ill that let many enter into the Patient's Chamber because the breaths of many People corrupt the Air. Galen 10. Meth. cap. 8. sayes that a crowd of Friends heat the Chamber On that account the Windows are to be kept open for by shutting them the Chamber is not only heated but seeing the Putrid steams are not ventilated with the inspiration of pure Air the Patient falls into a worse condition And let none object that the Skin is made dense and obstructed by the colder Air for by the inspiration of cold Air there arises greater benefit to the Patient than there does hurt by densating the Skin But though the condensation of the Skin be the cause of heat this inconvenience may also be avoided by covering the Patient and the cold Air being breathed in will cool the internal Viscera for nothing sooner changes the temperatures of the Humours than the Air as Galen says 3. de humor comment 2. Indeed in malignant and continual Fevers there is perhaps no errour greater Sanctor Mâ—th Med. V. H. l 13. c 4. See Gal. in m. m. than to keep the Patients in close hot places and such as are full of a crowd of People XL. To change the Patient's Linnen often seems a hainous thing to the vulgar for they think that Sick Persons are made weaker thereby But Hippocrates commands all things to be kept clean about the Sick and Galen endeavours by all means to keep transpiration free that cold Air may be breathed in and steams excluded especially in continual Fevers which happen for the most part through constriction of the Pores And therefore when they are obstructed both by the sordes and Sweat there follows a retention of the vapours and steams whence the pre-existent Fever is increased or a new one is kindled on the contrary that man shall hardly fall into great Diseases whose Body has a good perspiration Comm. in l. 1. de vict Acut. In which thing says Vallesius vulgar Physicians offend who will not permit their Patients either to put on a clean Shirt or change their Sheets or wash their Face or Hands or to do any thing else that belongs to cleanliness
not though the Disease be long or as if this did not encrease all Putrefaction XLI In some Diseases great respect is to be had to the Patient's manner of living otherwise they will be very hardly cured A cleanser of Jakes having smelt too good odours fell Sick and was at length cured by the smells he had been used to Zacutus placed a Patient that liv'd by the Sea-side in the Sand and cover'd him with it that he might cure him A Physician cured a Countrey-man that others had given over by allowing him Pulse and Rye bread And that the Region wherein we live makes many impressions upon us which we must have regard to I have observed that as we that live upon the Land grow nauseous and vomit in a Ship which Symptoms cease when we are returned to our accustomed Land so I have seen a Sea-man namely a Venetian that endured the same Nausea by riding on Horse-back that we do on the Sea â— Poreâ—us Obs 59. â—ent 3. XLII Sleep procured by Art gets the Physician great esteem A certain Physician said that the way whereby he curried favour with his Patients was that they might have quiet rest the Night after he was called which he procured with the Syrup of â—â—d Pâ—ppies which he prescribed for that Night I my self also being delighted with this Stratagem often please my Patients by giving them a magisterial Anodyne But how comes it to pass that Sleep coming either of its own accord or procured by the use of Soporiferous Medicines is often very offensive to the Sick who when they awake complain of a great weariness and uneasiness and find fault with those that wait upon them for letting them sleep so long desiring them to waken them if perhaps they should drop asleep I answer that even the healthful when they sleep immoderately are said to be soakt because their flesh is made more moist and the habit of their Body pufft up or bloated through the suppression of the fuliginous Excrement which ought to be digested and exhale by waking and the same thing happens sometimes in Persons ill of Fevers yet we must not therefore abstain either from spontaneous Sleep into which a man falls when his Spirits are enervated with heat or from that which is procured by Art Rolfinc de febribus c. 133. for all the uneasiness goes off in a little while and the Spirits are refreshed The Diet of Febricitant Persons in general The Contents Whether Food is always to be denied in an Ague-Fit I. Whether simple Food be alwayes best II. Whether the Food should be alwayes moist III. Whether the Meat be to be seasoned with Salt IV. Whether Milk may be granted V. Whether Fruits are to be denied altogether VI. Whether Fish be proper VII Whether Eggs be hurtful VIII Raw Lettuce may be granted IX Whether the juice of unripe Grapes or Verjuice c. be rightly put to their Meat X. The use of sweet things is hurtful XI Ptisan is extreme good XII Whether Wine be good in Putrid Fevers XIII Whether simple water be to be granted XIV Beer is not to be denied XV. How Drink is to be given to People in acute Fevers XVI It may be granted in the Paroxysms XVII It is to be given sometimes cold sometimes hot XVIII The same cooling Drink is not to be given to all without difference XIX Whether Barley water be to be rejected XX. Water is not to be boiled long XXI Cold water is not to be given through the whole course of the Disease XXII Whether the Sick are to be fed more liberally in the Winter than in the Summer XXIII When Sleep does good when hurt XXIV I. IN an Ague-fit food is not to be given according to Hippocrates aph 11. 1. For Nature as Galen in comm teacheth by the concoction of the new aliment is called off from the concoction of the morbifick Humours And besides in the â—it all the Body is defiled with an impure vapour which taints and in a great measure corrupts the meat that is newly taken But if the Fit be so long or the Body of the Patient so hot and dry lean and of so thin a texture that it is easily dissolved and cannot hold out to the end of the sit he must eat somewhat even in the fit it self which will be better done in the state than at other times although even in the beginning and augment meat may be given if necessity urge So Galen 10. meth c. 5. in Agues was forced to allow victuals even in the beginning of the Fits to such as were of an hot and dry temper who can least indure fasting lest they should faint away In imitation of him Amatus Lusitanus cur 68. cent 4. gave to one in the beginning of the Fit that vomited clean Choler upon which he swooned bread soaked in water and sprinkled with Vinegar and so he hindred the foresaid Symptoms River That hurt which may happen from giving of meat in such like cases is obviated by giving some Veal or Chicken broth cold in France they call it Veal or Chicken water because it has a middle consistence betwixt mere water and broth thoroughly boiled for by this means the acrimony of the heat is attemperated and the imminent driness is hindered and yet Nature is not called off from her office of concocting the Morbifick matter which she more easily conquers when the acrimony of the Humours is mitigated and the fear of driness avoided Hippocrates sayes aphor 1. 11. It is hurtful to give meat in Fits we must therefore abstain the whole Fit if it may be but if not then till its declension but if we may not do that neither however we should avoid the beginning and three hours before unless in picrocholis or those who vomit up Choler who faint away through the acrimonious Choler that at that time flows plentifully towards the Mouth of the Stomach unless there be some fresh food there by the mixture wherewith it may be dulled for if meat be put off in these as it is wont to be in other febricitant Persons of an intermittent there is often made a continual Fever and for a simple one and one that would end with sweat if meat should be given in the beginning there ensues a syncopal or swooning one and for one that would end in health a mortal But if meat be given even in the very time of the Fit it sometimes not only hinders these dangers but also prevents the Fever it self which chiefly happens in those that vomit Choler Yea and moreover in others in whom there begins to be moved a Choler that is not so much thick and putrid as little in quantity thin and very adust and fumous through the twitching whereof the sensible parts begin in many to be pricked and quake and yet this Choler by taking something to eat presently or perhaps by drinking some Wine diluted with water is so attemper'd that they give over
Fevers for which Wine is not at all ill especially for those which have their seat in the Stomach if so be such Wine be given as disturbs not the Head though in a pretty quantity it sometimes effects a cure according to Primrose l. 3. de vulg err in Med. cap. 18. The same person adds The propriety of a man has great power in the cure of all Diseases and there are some so very much addicted to Wine that even in the extremest Sicknesses they cannot abstain from it Add to these Canonherius of the admirable vertues of Wine who Lib. 1. cap. 3. § 18. writes thus We may use Wine in Fevers and as Aliment and § 25. Wine procures Sweat and by it not a little of the serous matter is carried fourth by Vrine Let the Reader compare with these Costaeus in Tract de Potu in morbis lib. 2. Hippolyt Obicius Hipp. Antonellus in apparatu Animadv upon the same XIV Hippocrates greatly disallows of Water for ordinary Drink and as much commends it as a Medicine namely when drunk in a large quantity Now he says it hurts in ordinary drink because it is thick passes not through the Hypochondres and in cholerick Persons easily turns into choler for being conquer'd by the febrile heat it easily Putrefies otherwise because it is cold and moist it is wholly contrary to the Fever and therefore is good for it In those therefore who are used to drink Water I see no reason why it may not be granted but it will be better if it be corrected with the mixture of other things yea it may be boiled to make it the thinner Some will have it distilled and then to be temper'd with the mixture of cooling and opening Syrups some would have Bread so soaked in it that it may a little imbibe the vertue of the Ferment Primiros de febr p. 146. others would have Cinamon infused in it c. XV. Beer although it be small yet it always has some faculty to heat and make drunk although that vertue be less and weaker in small than in strong whence it is not so good for those that are in acute Fevers and whose Head achs because it inflames and causes thirst if it be drunk plentifully as Febricitant Persons use to drink that are very dry You will object that Beer is only Barley-water nor does it acquire any quality that is adverse to a Fever from the addition of Hops seeing Hops are usually prescribed to depurate the Blood But Experience teacheth that there is a great difference betwixt Barley-water and Beer seeing the Water cools and drink as much as you will it never inflames nor disturbs the Brain nor causes thirst which cannot be said of Beer even though it be small And the difference depends upon this that Beer is not made of simple Barley but of Mault which is Barley steep'd and dried and dry Hops are added which heat sufficiently then it is fermented whence it acquires an hot quality which is not in Barley-water nor Ptisan and therefore it seemeth to me not so good Yet its use is better to be born with than that of Wine because it is less hot and is Diuretick Add that a Spirit is drawn even from small Beer Idem XVI In giving Drink to People in acute Fevers 't is fitting to use a measure lest on the one hand by too much moisture which is improper for Febricitant persons there spring either a greater crudity or a fouler and longer Putrefaction or on the other side by too much driness the accidents be increased and the Body consume Yet this one thing is worth noting that Drink being mixed with Meat is easilier concocted doth sooner refresh and doth less burthen weak Nature whence it comes to pass that on the first day of an acute Fever we may forbid all moisture unless the Patient be so weak that on that account Food is necessary but on the last days when driness and burning are urgent we must give Drink more freely Merc. lib. Praeâ—d 1. c. 2. especially if there shall be manifest concoction XVII Drinking in the Fit of an Ague is very hurtful for hereby just like as when Water is thrown upon a red hot Brick Valaeus m. â— p. 1â—0 there is caused such an ebullition of Humours as that both the Disease and the Symptom thirst are increased ¶ And yet we ought not pertinaciously as some do adhering to the indication from the cause neglect the intemperature for it is better sometimes to let the Disease be prolonged Valles 1. 2â— p. 41. than that a man should be presently burnt up ¶ I have found by Experience that hereby there have often sprung continual and mortal Fevers of intermittent ones and such as have been void of danger Heurn Aph. 62. 7. XVIII In continual burning Fevers the effect is commonly more urgent than the cause the Symptom than the Disease when therefore burning and troublesom thirst are grievous to the Patients in those Diseases it seems reasonable to give them their Drink cold and in that plenty that it may temper the boiling Humours and extinguish the fervour of the Spirits To this Hippocrates has regard whilst in many places he commends cold Drink thus l. de vict ac both in the Causus or burning Fever and Quinsey he gives cold Water In lib. 4. Epid. he says that in acute Fevers 't is profitable to give cold Water In 2. de morb On the second day after the beginning of the Fever you shall give him as much cold Water as he 'l drink again 3. de morb he prescribes cold water even that hath been exposed to the open air But l. de Loc. he says For Drink you shall give warm water and water and Honey and Vinegar with water for if the drink be not received in cold being and remaining warm it will detract from the sick Body or either will eject by Vrine or will dry There namely he is more intent upon the cause of the Disease For drink is given in Fevers upon a double account either that it may be a vehicle for the food and quench thirst which is taken with the food it self and this should be cold or for the alteration or exclusion of the Humours and here warm drink is commended as also if the Body have not been accustomed to cold or if the Stomach be cold XIX Give cooling potions to drink in burning Fevers when you will says Hippocrates 3. de morb v. 69. Note that Hippocr said not when the Patient will but when you the Physician will that is according to the regulated will of the Physician and not the perverse will of the Patient Now these potions are of different operations for some cause pissing others going to stool some both some neither some cool only like as when one pours cold Water into a Vessel of boiling Water or exposes the Vessel it self full of Water to the open air Therefore you shall give
some to one some to another for neither are the sweet nor the bitter agreeable to all nor can all drink the same Hipp. ibid. For those sick of a burning Fever do not always require the same way of cure seeing some want greater cooling as being of an hard and dense habit of Body others less as being of a soft and rare habit the same coolers are not fitting for all but one must be given to one and another to another with respect to the Disease and according to the diversity of the habit and other circumstances Which opinion of Hippocrates if those that commonly practise Physick would attend unto they would not always inculcate the same things in the same Diseases to all Patients but when the poor Patients from their proper Nature do often refuse either sweet things or sharp or sowr and are set against them they should lay aside their pertinacy and indulge their Patients Nature and will with variety of pleasing Medicines Amongst the various drinks prescribed by Hippocrates this is remarkable Put three or four whites of Eggs in a gallon of water and having shak't it well use it for Drink it cools greatly and inclines the Patient to stool Perhaps these whites of Eggs do the same thing here as they do in Wines when they become too thick and putting off their proper Nature grow vappid for if Eggs being well beat in a good deal of Water be poured to such Wines at first they notably raresie and attenuate them and restore them to their pristin Nature namely being put into the Wine they cool it and by drawing the thicker parts to the bottom of the Vessel they attenuate it The like whereto I suppose to be done in a burning Fever because they cool by contemperating and by drawing down the excrements to the lower parts they loosen the Belly P. Sal. Divers comm in lib. 3. de Morb. p. 339. and 347. but let them be crude for the boiled have less of the foresaid faculty XX. I know the use of Barly water is condemned by some very famous Physicians affirming it to be the invention not of the Greeks but Arabians that it is windy and offensive to the Stomach 'T is apparent such are little versed in reading Greek Authors from lib. 3. de morbis where Hippocrates advises to take about a pint of large and full Achillean Barley and when it is dried to take off the hawns and wash it well then to put a gallon of water to it which must be boiled half away and when it is cold given to drink It is not true that this drink is windy seeing the flatus are in the substance of the Barly which being not well concocted reserves its flatus and not in the water but the water and not the substance of the Barley is given and if there were any fault before in the water it loses it in boiling for boiling takes away the malignity of many things Whereas it is said to be offensive to the Stomach it is not so to all Stomachs but only to those which are more cold but it will not be hurtful to others but rather a safeguard and shield when the febrile heat abounds and is fervent wherefore such offence will not be on the part of the water but of the Physician that administers it without distinction and has no respect to the Stomach of the Patient I declare that I have found the use of this water profitable in our art and have given it plentifully but not to all alike and without distinction I have given it in burning Fevers when signs of concoction appeared cold when the Stomach was strong warm when languid and in great plenty even as long as they would drink it In other bilious Fevers in the last part of the state more willingly in the beginning of the declension P. Sal. Div. 3. de Morb. p. 242. especially if the Intermissions come every third day XXI I wonder what some mean in giving Water in Fevers when they order it to be boiled long and much seeing as Galen testifies which sense also confirms by long boiling it acquires a Saltness and at length like other things a bitterness whence it will happpen that the febrile heat will not be extinguished A â—errer castigaâ— cap. xi but rather encreased by it XXII Those err who grant Water through the whole course of the Disease for then it hinders the concoction of the Humours it is difficultly concocted and stays long in the Belly before it be distributed it neither cuts nor cleanseth nor of it self loosens nor provokes Urine therefore it is not to be granted sâ—ve in the acute Sennert lib. de febr c. 9. in the state when concoction is finished XXIII 'T is a doubt whether the Sick should be nourished more in Winter than in Summer For Hippocrates 1. aph 18. and 3. de diaeta hath expresly taught that febricitant Persons do easily endure Meat in the Winter not so well in the Spring least of all in the Summer and Autumn In the Summer namely the Sick do worst of all endure Meat because not only the Belly is rendred more sluggish in respect of its office through the driness of the Disease but the natural heat is then at a low ebb but in the Winter most easily for though the Belly be then also rendred sluggish the Disease remaining dry even then yet the natural heat is increased whence Meat may be more easily endured in the Winter than in the Summer and Autumn On the contrary Avicen 1. 4. Cap. de cibat aegrorum says that the Sick are to be fed in the Winter but more in the Summer he gives a reason because in the Summer there are greater resolutions whence consequently for the restauration of what is lost there is need of more Aliment To resolve this we must note from Mercurialis l. 5. de febr c. 8. That Aliment may be said two ways to be more or less either as to its vertue or as to its bulk In the Winter indeed our Bodies should be nourish'd more as to the vertue and strength of the Aliment but more in the Summer as to its bulk The reason is Because the substance of the natural heat is greater in the Winter and less in the Summer 1. Aph. 8. because then much Pituita or Phlegm is collected which is the Aliment of the Blood and natural heat Hence Galen hath placed the substance of the natural heat in the Blood and Phlegm I. de placit Hipp. Gal. therefore strong Aliment is fitter in Winter than in Summer But in the Summer when the preternatural heat is greater than the natural and upon that account there are great resolutions of the Body it comes to pass that it needs Meat indeed for the recruiting of the wasted strength but that Meat ought in no wise to be so strong Which when Galen saw 1. Aph. 18. he said that our Meat was to be divided into
of the Juice of Lemon or Vinegar into it and then taking it presently off the fire for there will forthwith be a separation of the Whey from the cheesie part which by straining and clarifying with the white of an Egg becomes very clear and may be taken in a large quantity without offence to the Stomach so that it is often drunk by some like Mineral waters with great benefit River cent 1. Obs 98. XIV When the Stomach is inflamed Whey is good but not that which is depurated with acids for sharp things exasperate Inflammations according to Galen xi Meth. 19. Put into it the juice of sweet-scented Apples Fortis cons 86. cent 2. XV. I suspect too much Whey seeing all unprofitable moistures in the Veins either grow sowr or salt Idem cons 3. cent 1. XVI Hercules Saxonia gives this admonition concerning Whey that if it be to be given daily in the hotter Diseases Temperaments c. it is to be made loosening or diuretick or to be given in a moderate quantity For says he as I have found by Experience they that take much of it and retain it grow worse perhaps because it is vaporous as Milk also is Lenients or Looseners See Alvus adstricta or Costiveness BOOK I. The Contents They are to be used in the beginning of every Disease I. When to be taken II. Some work by accident III. Some per se or of themselves IV. Whether they be always convenient V. I. They may be given with meat VI. They may be mixed with Purgers VII If Lenients suffice not to carry down the Excrements of the first Region Purgers are to be given VIII Sometimes we must use Emollients sometimes Cleansers IX Things sprinkled with Night-dew loosen effectually X. How to loosen the Belly by a Decoction of Prunes XI I. SOme think now adays that we must use Lenient Medicines in the beginning of every Disease 1. Because mens Bodies are far more filled and impure than in Hippocrates's time 2. Then unless the first ways be clear the Humours that are to be brought forth from a far will be forbid an exit and give great disturbance 3. That by consequence they are communicated to the Vessels about the Liver infect the Blood contained therein and so may beget new Diseases or increase those that are in being already We must always begin at that without which we cannot safely execute something else 4. There is no profitable substance in the mucous and cholerick Humours in the Guts nor in the foul moisture that besets the Glands of the Mesentery and Caul These are already separated from the profitable juice and neither desire nor admit of concoction 5. Hippocrates contradicts not when 1. Aph. 22. he bids us medicate things concocted and not crude for there he speaks only of the Humours that are in the second and third Region Others grant that the use of Lenients is sometimes necessary but not always nor in every Patient nor in every form 1. There is present an indication to purge and to pull up the roots of the Disease by stronger Medicines Our sluggishness is the cause that we cure not great Diseases because we will never have done with Lenitives That Physicians may avoid calumny they commonly prescribe no Remedy that is generous 2. When the Body is crude 't is safer to move nothing especially when the Faculties are weak 3. There is sometimes greater need of Bleeding 4. Some when they hear of Physick presently nauseate especially such things as use to be given in a larger quantity as Lenitives This distinction is to be used By reason of divers circumstances Lenients are necessarily premised in the first place but sometimes they may be omitted or postponed Rolfink m m. spec p. 450. if the great causes rehearsed be present II. Lenients for curation when a Chronical Disease invades must be taken before Preparatives to cleanse the first ways in the Mornings For preservation to keep the Belly soluble they must be given at the same time Let us inquire whether it may be done before Meat or in a short while after Galen 2. de Aiim Facult c. 31. seems to affirm that Meat is not to be taken presently after a Medicine for speaking of Prunes loosening the Belly he says thus It is clear that after we have eaten them it is profitable for loosening the Belly to drink sweet wine and to interpose some time and not presently after to Dine and we must remember that this is common to all things that loosen the Belly Some are afraid of lessening the loosening vertue if one either eat presently after a Medicine or it be taken as one Dines or Sups for they think there is danger that either the vertue of the Medicine will be dulled or that it will be utterly corrupted from the mixture with the Meat especially if meats be thrown in without any choice and be contrary to the Medicine as hard and astringent As in the composition of a purging Medicine there are some things added to increase its operation as Ginger Sal gemmae so it is not to be doubted but amongst aliments there are some to be found which do dull Purgers and weaken their operation 2. The same Persons are afraid of corruption or at least of a diminution of concoction Meats are corrupted because Medicines are enemies to Nature and spur her forward to Excretion They are concocted imperfectly whil'st by the motion of Fermentation they disturb the action of Chylification which is performed quietly closely and leisurely Moreover the Chyle is communicated crude to the lacteal Vessels and the fault of the first concoction is communicated to the second 3. Others will have Lenitives to be taken extraordinarily either a little before or just with the Meat Things perswading this are 1. The nauseating nature of the Patient which cannot take Medicines alone 2. The nature of the Medicines which being not strong do slowly execute their office besides they cannot resist the heat of the Stomach unless Meat taken either with them or a while after them hinder it 3. They may also be turned into Aliment by an hungry Stomach Experience teacheth that Lenitives as pills of Aloes taken half an hour before Dinner or Supper in the midst of them yea or in the end of either do their office very well in a just dose being continued for two or three times the action it self may be confirmed by reasons Idem and strongly defended from the force of their arguments that think otherwise III. If inquiry be made concerning the manner of their action and operation we say that it differs not from that of Purgers For Lenients irritate both by accident and per se or properly and of themselves Those things do it by accident that dissolve the consistence of the faeces hinder their compaction and make them fluxile when they are more easily expelled such as are 1. things watry moist and which may be drunk whence we observe
answer In the preparation many parts of the Vitriol are separated from the Spirit whence we cannot observe all the effects in the Spirit that are seen in the Vitriol intire and some may be seen in the first that are not taken notice of in the latter Vitriol vomits the Spirit stays vomiting So Sulphur is inflammable its Spirit not so yea it rather resisteth a flame The Spirit of Vitriol hath an eroding faculty if given alone but that is common to it with other Liquors as Vinegar the juice of Citron c. Your Acidulae or Mineral Waters are drunk with profit that have their vertue from Vitriolick Spirits It is safely given in convenient Liquors It s hotness is corrected while its particles are severed by a mixture with Water or other Liquors in that proportion that an hundred particles or atoms of Water are mixed with ten or twelve of the Spirit 2. The Medicine was not known to Antiquity yea * x. m. c. 2. 11. c. 9. Galen suspects the use of Vitriolate waters in putrid Fevers because being applied to the Skin they both cause an astriction of its pores and too much heat the Body Answ We must not therefore reject it because it was not known to Antiquity Galen disallows of the external use of Vitriolate Waters because they constringe the Skin 3. He says there are safer Medicines Answ The Spirit of Vitriol is safer if it be taken in a due quantity That it has done good in Fevers there are innumerable witnesses few say that it has done â—urt It does not as yet appear that there are safer Medicines 4. The too great astriction that was in the Vitriol is also in the oyl now astringents do harm in putrid Fevers Answ The astriction in the Spirit is not so great as to do harm there rather seems to be none in it all acids do not astringe yea they attenuate deterge take away obstructions loosen the Belly it cures the flux of the Belly not by binding but by strengthning and condensating there proceed indeed effects from densation that are like to astriction but are not astringents and acids are different But suppose it astringe there is no danger from thence for the inciding attenuating and opening parts are by far the more powerful 5. Viâ—riol is poyson according to Dioscorides Answ It is Poyson in a large sense in which all things that kill by their quantity are called deleteries c. Rolfinc Ep. de febr c. 136. where more objections are made ¶ Spirit of Vitriol being given indecently and too long puts on the nature rather of a Poyson than a Medicine Being added to Humours that boil already enough of themselves just as if you mix this Spirit with the Gall of some Animal Rolfinc cons 2. l. 4. p. 405. it causes greater disturbance and procures a quicker ascent of vapours XXIV Chymists make Universal and general Digestives of Tartar as 1. It s cream and Crystals 2. The magistery of Tartar vitriolate 3. Misiura simplex But these are not truly such it is safer to rank them in the number of particular Digestives They are not good in a bilious Cacochymie and for salt sowr and acrimonious humours In those they may increase the ebullition and do harm They are more profitable for a simple cacochymical melancholy but not so good for a Pontick and Acrimonious which has the seeds of fire in it As much as they avail to incide thickness so much they irritate fervid and adust humours and hurt by inflaming Rolfinc meth gener c. p. 477. They are in some sort good for phlegmatick humors XXV The Cream and Crystal of Tartar absterge incide thick and tartareous Humours open obstructions and loosen the Belly and either of them is a pleasant Medicine if a drachm thereof be given in the broth of flesh or in boyled water with a little butter in it with three four or five grains of Diagridium or extract of Scammony it will give the liquor a somewhat acid taste The Crystals are not so acid nor so diuretick as the Cream and therefore they are safelier given when the body is not purged Sennert Epist 28. cent 1. the dose is from a scruple to a drachm XXVI As to the Crystal of Tartar let the younger Physicians note that it is of greater efficacy than is commonly believed seeing we seldome make use of it in our practice through the carelesness of Apothecaries and deceit of Pseudochymists or those common distillers that sell chymical Medicines to Apothecaries none whereof almost is sincere but all adulterate The carelesness of Apothecaries is for the most part so great that they chuse rather to buy the Crystal of Tartar of those distillers than make it themselves though no preparation of Medicines in the whole art be easier because it is sold them at a low price whereas it would stand them dearer to make it Now the cheat lies in this that those Impostors put in their decoctions but a little Tartar and a great deal of Alum not that Tartar is dearer than Alum but because Tartar yields but a little quantity of Crystals whereas Alum will all of it run into them Hereby are Physicians disappointed of their end seeing Alum is indued with an astringent vertue that is contrary to the opening faculty that is desired by them And another hurt is done this Medicine that this sort of Crystals is drawn out by decoctions made in Brass pots whereby the malignant quality of the Brass is imprinted upon the Medicine For it is a very well known and vulgar precept of pharmacy that acids be not boyled in brass vessels because they easily penetrate and draw a certain tincture from the brass that is very hurtful But the Crystals of Tartar are very acid and by some are named Acidum Tartari And yet this errour is very commonly committed even by the Apothecaries themselves for almost all that make these Crystals with their own hands use brass vessels so that I have seen some Apothecaries have Crystals of Tartar of a Sea-green colour from the Verdegriese that had been drawn from the Vessel wherein they had been made Therefore Physicians will consult for their own conscience for their esteem and the health of their Patients if they make Apothecaries make the crystal of Tartar with their own hand and in Glass Iron or earthen Vessels River pract l. 11. c. 4. XXVII Though I leave every one to his own judgment and experience in the use of Tartar yet by long use I have found that there is more of an opening and loosening faculty in Tartar it self than in its cream or crystals drawn by the solicitous hands and thoughts of Chymists seeing in boiling and by so many washings its purgative vertue that rests chiefly in its earthy and saline parts does most of it vanish inâ—o the thin air I prescribe opening herbs that are defin'd for the Spleen or Liver to be boiled in pottage
How to know the time when to give a Minorative IX Purging is not necessary in all Diseases X. The distinction of the Regions of the Body XI Purging evacuates extravasated Humours XII All internal Inflammation hinders it not XIII Whether the same strength of the Faculties be required to Purging as is required to Bleeding XIV An indication for Purging is taken from the condition of the Urine XV. At what time of the Disease to Purge XVI It is not to be deferr'd when there appear signs of concoction XVII What Humours are eaâ—liest expelled by Stool and which by Sweat and Vrine XVIII How the Melancolick Humour so called is to be Purged XIX A salt Humour is presently to be expelled XX. How acrimonious cholerick Humours are to be Purged XXI Sometimes a critical evacuation is to be prevented XXII Choler is not to be wholly evacuated seeing it is a profitable Humour XXIII When it is to be Purged and we fear a cholera diarrhoea c. Medicines are to be given in a small dose XXIV Pills with Gums are most profitable for the Purging of tough Phlegm XXV How acid Humours are to be Purged XXVI At what season of the year thick or thin Humours are to be Purged XXVII Whether we may Purge on Critical days XXVIII Whether we may Purge in the Dog days XXIX Whether the Aspects of the Moon be to be observed XXX The rise not only of the Dog-Star but of other Stars also is to be heeded XXXI Preservative Purgation is to be performed in the wane of the Moon XXXII In what state of the Moon are the more fixed Humours to be Purged XXXIII What Planets being in conjunction with the Moon render Purging difficult XXXIV What state of the Moon is to be noted with respect to the condition of the Humours XXXV The consideration of the Stars has only place in prevention XXXVI We must rather Purge in the wane of the Moon than in the increase XXXVII How to know whether a man is easie or hard to Purge XXXVIII Mild Purges being repeated are better than one strong one XXXIX A Purging Medicine that works not is hurtful XL. We must not hasten to Purge without preparing the Body XLI Some bear Purging easily others not so well XLII Redundance or overflowing of Excrements sometimes hinders Purging XLIII When both Vomiting and Purging are necessary with which must we begin XLIV If we must Purge per Epicrasin it must be done without intermission XLV When the Humours are crude Lenitives only have place XLVI The heaviness of the Body shews Purgation to be necessary XLVII We may Purge in the augment and every part of the state in Chronical Distempers XLVIII We may Purge and Bleed both in a day XLIX We must not lightly Purge in flatulent Distempers L. The conjunction of Purgers with Narcoticks LI. Bring mixt with hydroticks they work well LII They may be mixed with Lenitives LIII Whence Purging is sometimes hindred LIV. Purgation by infusory Surgery LV. Purgation caused by Copulation LVI The frequent use of Purgers is hurtful LVII Driness of the faeces hinders it LVIII A Purger is not always to be given on an empty Stomach but sometimes a little while after Meat LIX Some must take Purgers with Meat LX. Fasting ought not always to go before Purging LXI A Clâ—ster may be profitably injected after a Purge LXII Mercurial Medicines are better for Phlegm and Antimonial for Choler LXIII 'T is hard to guess at the fittest time to give a Purge LXIV We must not Purge while a Pain rages LXV Women with Child are better Purged by Pills taken before meat than by Medicines in any other form LXVI Purges are to be suited to the Temperament LXVII Where there are both Phlegm and Choler which is to be Purged first LXVIII The hurt of unseasonable Purging LXIX A compound Purge should consist of such things as will work at the same time LXX Strong Purgers are offensive to the Stomach LXXI Whether the Body be to be moved for furthering of Purgation LXXII Purgative Potions to be given cold LXXIII Whether cold Drink be to be drunk after a Purge LXXIV We must not feed over freely after Purging LXXV How to allay a nausea upon taking a Purging Medicine LXXVI We must omit dinner that day we Purge LXXVII Whether we may drink Broth or Gruel upon the Medicine LXXVIII Whether the Broth ought to be without salt LXXIX Whether we may sleep after having taken a Purge LXXX A sign of perfect Purgation LXXXI When one has taken too strong a Purge 't is profitable to drink a good quantity of cold water hastily and to vomit it up again presently LXXXII We must not Purge by Stool for prevention according to Hippocrates LXXXIII Often Purging is hurtful in Chronical Distempers LXXXIV How the driness of the Belly that is usual after Purging may be corrected LXXXV What kind of Purgers suit the Melancholick and Phlegmatick LXXXVI When a Purge works not how its operation may be promoted LXXXVII Whâ—t Persons ought to be Purged in a state of health LXXXVIII The consideration of the Belly intimates who can endure Purging well or difficultly LXXXIX Medicines that are of very thin Parts are not to be added to compound Purges XC When Vomiting is best and when Purging by Stool in Winter and Summer XCI Simple Purges are to be preferred before compound XCII Whether Treacle be good for a superpurgation XCIII Clarified Potions XCIV For what Persons Pills are more proper XCV Pills made with Gums Purge glutinous Humours very well XCVI Aloes may be omitted in Pills XCVII Purgers attract not determinate Humours XCVIII Seeing they attract not electively why is there a choice made of them XCIX How the vertue of Purgers is to be drawn forth C. Many Purgers ought to be turned out of that order CI. A small quantity of Purgers being mixt with Aperients Purgeth not but assists the vertue of these CII Metallick Purgers are hardly used safely for prevention CIII Vegetables need not much Chymical preparation CIV After taking a resinous Purger we must drink nothing that is cold CV The Fermentation of Purgers varies their Dose and Vertues See Purgers § I. Whereupon the vertue of Purgers depends and by what things it is dulled CVI. Purgers do not always hurt when they do not operate by Stool CVII Purgation of Choler is to be made in the Spring for prevention CVIII Antimonium Diaphoreticum being added to Purgers increases their vertue CIX I. SOme question whether Purging ever do good before Concoction and without turgescence I have found by Experience that it does so sometimes and there is reason why it may For if it be certain that symptomatical evacuations are sometimes profitable Purging before concoction may also happen to be so For if there be a time when Nature her self without any external provoker does profitably expel things unconcocted there may be a time also when she may be benefited with helping her by a provocative to do
the Medicine was thereby increased and promoted and the malignity of Medicines corrected I could not consent to his opinion because amongst our Northern People the Stomach is not so hot that it has need of a cooler upon taking a Medicine Barthol cent 6. hâ—st 45. Se Primiros error pop l. 4. c. 15. We should rather advise hot drink that we use to give after an hour or two if the vertue of the Medicine be more sluggish LXXV Nothing is more pestilent or calamitous than to feed too freely after the Purge has done working because Concoction and Distribution are vitiated for Nature hath sustained the force of a disturbing Medicine whence she is become languid and dull and also because perhaps you tyed him to short commons before he took it If therefore you shall let him eat freely now his Belly will be stopped and there will follow a confusion of all the Vessels and the first Concoction is not amended by the second 1. Heurn 2. de vict ac comm 13. 3. Therefore presently after the Purgation allow but a little and afterwards more by degrees LXXVI Whatsoever nausea is raised by any Purging Medicine chew a wall-nut Kernel immediately upon it very well Stâ—egh in Med. Pract. and it will presently go off LXXVII It was usual with the Ancients to omit their Dinner on that day they took a Purge or Purgative Clyster as we may collect from divers places of Hippocrates It is not indeed to be affirmed that this was done without reason for it was for fear Purgation should be interrupted by the Aliment that was taken for by taking Meat perfect Purgation is interrupted which is perfected by fasting following for though a Purge draw forth Humours from all the Body yet the lower Belly is more evacuated than other Parts though in Progress of time all the Body be equally emptied Wherefore if one eat presently after Purging befâ—re the emptied Belly draw from the Body compleat evacuation is hindred wherein the perfection of Purging consists whence our Physicians offend in this that they grant a Dinner on the Purging day Prâ—sper Martian comm in v. 68. l. 1. Acutor See Val es 5. Epid. p. m. 455. so that it is no wonder if perfect Purgation very seldom follow LXXVIII From which rule later Physicians beginning to depart began to give Broth to some instead of a Dinner that they might avoid a total fasting And hence if â— mistake not came the use of giving Broth after Purging But our Physicians retaining the use of Broth do an hour after it allow a Dinner with a double errour and that often in the middle of the Purging an evident sign whereof is Pr. Martian ibid. that they are purged after Dinner so that the Purgation was not finished before LXXIX On the day that any takes a Purge let him refrain from Salt or from Broth that have any Salt in them upon a twofold account 1. Lest he be made more thirsty than he can well endure according to that of Hippocrates 54. Aph. 19. Whosoever having been Purged are not thirsty are not at quiet till they be so 2. Lest there be caused a superpurgation for Salt doth excite Nature being dulled and keeps the Belly loose so that it is to be feared lest on the Purging day Crucius de Quaesitis cent 3. p. 259. by adding a spur as it were it should increase the Purgation LXXX Whether shall a man sleep or wake after he has taken a purging Medicine If the party have a strong hot and brisk Stomach there is no necessity of sleeping but if his Stomach be weak sleep is to be granted because according to Hippocrates 6. Epid. s 6. text 3. the Blood in sleeping retires inward whence the inner Parts become hotter and thereby the Purge will be better brought into act LXXXI We know that there is a perfect evacuation when the Excrements that come out last are contrary to those that came out before As for instance If a Cholagogue Medicine be given to any to Purge choler when pituitous Excrements come forth after bilious we know that there has been a perfect Purgation Martian comm in v. 73. l. de humor Which my self having sometimes observed in Purgations I have foretold the term of the evacuation to the Patients with admiration LXXXII When we are sensible that the Purge any one has taken is too strong it is a very great Remedy to drink a good deal of water hastily Valles l. 5. Epid. and before it is setled in the bottom of the Stomach to force it up again LXXXIII I know that for the prevention of Diseases whether the upper or the lower Parts of the Body be in danger of them Hippocrates did so abstain from Purging by Stool that I know not that he ever purged any that way for prevention but always by Vomit as sufficiently appears l. de insomniis 3. de diaeta where he treats of the prevention of Diseases Contrary to the custom of our Moderns who make all their preservative Purgations downwards Martian l. de humour v. 10. LXXXIV Nothing is more pernicious in Chronical Distempers than to macerate the Body with many solutives which though they may seem to benefit at the first yet in time they destroy cast down the strength of the Members especially of the natural like as Snow when it falls upon standing-Corn helps somewhat but at length destroys it wholly Montan. cons 21. LXXXV After all Purgation Aëtius bids us give two Drachms of the seed of Mallows finely powdered to moisten the dried Belly LXXXVI When you would Purge a melancholick Person add Looseners otherwise you will miss of your purpose if a phlegmatick Person Walaeus then things that are pungent LXXXVII If a Purge work not in four or five hours advise stirring about if there be no Fever give two or three Pills of Aloes salt Broth half an Ounce of white Tartar finely Powdered in Broth or a common Clyster Gal. Paulus give Adstringents LXXXVIII Galen lib. de cur rat per sang miss c. 7. lays down a fourfold difference of healthful Persons that have need to be purged in their health for prevention The first are those whom for some years by-past some Disease has invaded by intervals as the Gout Falling sickness Palsie Stone Hypochondriack melancholy c. The second are those who have been afflicted with some great and fearful Distemper as the French Pox an inveterate Itch or Scab the Leprosie Scurvy which yet was not confirmed by reason of the cure that was used The third sort have neither been afflicted with any Disease often nor with any that has been great and incurable yet are disposed to a Disease by some habit that they have hereditarily contracted for instance the seeds of the Gout Phthisick Falling-sickness Stone c. or the very structure of their Body or the strong intemperature of some Part hath made them liable and easily subject to
that the Purge should presently be carried down into the Guts but it is expedient that it stay a good whil◠in the Stomach that it may work more effectually and its Vertue be the better distributed I answer If there be a fermentation Scammony may be mixed with other Purgers and so Alexander hath mixt it here But if there be no fermentation of the Medicin if it be given to purge a cold matter then according to Alexander nothing is to be mixed with it under the notion of a Stimulus But if an unfermented Medicin be given to purge an Hot and Cholerick matter we may mix something with it for a Stimulus Capivacc 1. Pract. l. 1. c. 24. for when a Purge is hot it is not good for it to stay long in the Stomach but to descend presently II. Most of the Arabians affirm that Aloes opens the Orifices of the Veins But Dioscorides says it has an astringent Vertue and being drunk with cold Water restrains fluxes of Blood Galen 6. simpl says that it glutinates I say that Aloes applied outwardly shuts the Orifices of the Veins and so stops the Blood from issuing forth But being taken inwardly so as to penetrate into the Veins it promotes the fluxion of the Blood For being applied outwardly it has a condensing astringing and glutinating Vertue but the same taken inwardly because it attenuates very much makes the Blood hotter and fuses it as it were Dioscorides and Pliny say indeed that being taken inwardly in drink it stops a flux of Blood but they speak of spitting of Blood caused by the opening of some Vein Fr. de la Boe Sylvius Pract. l. 1. c. 34. Sennert Pract. l. 3. p. 252. c. 13. for then it is instead of an external remedy for being drunk it flows to the open Orifice of the Vein and shuts it just as it does when applied outwardly to some wound I omit Aloes on purpose in most of the Pills I prescribe because it is wont to open the Hemorrhoids in many with trouble and sometimes with hurt III. Whether does Aloes purge the whole Body Galen 6. simpl places it among the Medicins that evacuate the faeces or dung The same Person Lib. de Theriaca ad Pison Cap. 4. says it purges the whole Body I say First Being taken in a small quantity it evacuates out of the Stomach and guts but in a greater it draws from the whole Body Secondly Seeing the Distempers of the Head and upper parts commonly arise by consent from the lower these latter being purged Zacut. Pharmac C. 5. the Head and whole Body become freed from excrements IV. Whether is Aloes an enemy to the Liver Pliny L. 17. C. 4. Paulus L. 7. C. 4. and Mesue say that it helps the Liver Avicen 14. 3. tr 4. affirms that it hurts it I say Aloes hurts an hot Liver Galen 3. χ. τ. c. 2. says that even washed it is very bad for those that labour under an hot and dry intemperature without vitious humours Idem V. Whether may Aloes be taken presently after Meat The Author of the Book de simpl med ascribed to Galen writes thus Some after supper swallow two or three Gr. of Aloes about the bigness of a small Pease because it helps concoction and corrupts not the Victuals Pliny L. 27. C. 4. If the Victuals be hard to concoct Aloes is taken a little space after Supper On the contrary Paulus L. 7. C. 4. 6. forbids Aloes after Meat because purgation is hindred by the Victuals and these are moreover corrupted by it I say Pliny gives it in a very small quantity to strengthen and help concoction and the Author of the Book de simpl med orders only two or three Grains which quantity may strengthen the Stomach Idem but cannot purge If it be taken in a large quantity it will offend the Stomach and corrupt the Meat VI. Whether does it need correction According to Paulus L. 7. C. 4. it needs no other Medicin to be mixed with it to retund its ill quality for it is a safe Medicin and strengthens the parts Yet Galen 8. χ. τ. C. 2. bids us add Mastich and Cinamon I say there is a double quality in Aloes as bitter and an astringent this latter is grateful to the Stomach the former offensive and overturns it and this Galen tames with Mastich and Cinamon ¶ Wedelius notes concerning it Idem 1. That it is better extracted for lenifying by watry Liquors than by Spirituous 2. That it operates better in a lesser Dose 3. That it is better for drinkers of Beer or Ale than for Wine-drinkers VII Dioscorides and Serapio teach that Aloes is to be washed 1. For separating the earthy and gravelly part for curing Distempers of the Eyes 2. To take away its purgative Vertue and increase its astringent 3. To intend its Purgative But washing is improperly spoken of pure Aloes and to what end is the washing it with Water and the drying of it by the heat of the Sun to be repeated For what Vertue can accrew to it from the Water by which it ought to be so often dissolved and dried again if otherwise it be pure and pellucid If it be defiled with Sordes or dross I grant it is to be dissolved and strained that it may become clearer and purer but that is more conveniently done by the Spirit of Wine which withal extracts its resinous and Balsamick part than by Water that leaves that untoucht and then it will suffice to dissolve it only once and to thicken it after it has been dissolv'd For by those repeated solutions and inspissations the Aloes is not made better but is rather destroyed after the manner of all purging Vegetables I like that way best of all when the Aloes Socotrina being pouder'd there is pour'd on it by repeated turns either the Juice of Violets inspissated with the Juice of Peach flowers or the Juice of Roses and the Juice is permitted to be dried away by a gentle heat Those offend more that cast away the Liquor wherein the purest part of the Aloes is dissolved and call that feculent part which they keep washt Aloes 'T is true indeed that this purges less than that which is not washt namely Sennert in paralip ad instit C. 13. because the best part is separated from it the faeces only being left with a small quantity of Aloes ¶ This is that residence which Helmont rejects when he says that that which remains from the washing by its sticking to the Intestins causes Griping and the Hemorrhoids Aloes consists of a resinous part and a watry The former is unfit for purging but this fit Wherefore if you desire a purging Aloes Schroderus letting alone the resinous part gather the watry that will dissolve in the Water and is separated from the faeces VIII Aloes is friendly to the Stomachs of old Men not only because old Men are cold for it has a drying and
with a full and uninterrupted stream Idem LXXVII Why does bleeding by a large Orifice cool more than bleeding by a strait when the quantity of the Blood that is let is equal Because there is made a more sudden change in the Body when the Blood is poured forth by a large hole namely because there is a greater withdrawing of the Blood that is a returning to the Heart whence there ensues a less influx of Blood from the Heart into the whole Body and hence all the Parts are cooled Add hereunto that the quick withdrawing of Blood is follow'd by a sad sensation in the heart and from thence with a straitness thereof likewise with a less effervescence of the Blood its expansion being hindred all which things lessen the heat in the Heart and the whole Body Moreover by a quick and hasty evacuation of Blood transpiration is more promoted than by a slow Whence conclude that Venesection by a large orifice cools more not because thicker Blood is then poured forth but because it flows forth quickly For the Blood that is poured forth by a narrow orifice is as thick as that which issues out by a large seeing none will deny that all the Blood is percolated through the capillary Veins wherefore the orifice can never be so small but its width will exceed that of the capillary Veins only it comes out more slowly which is common also to that which is more thin I wonder that those who think otherwise have not observed in their Hypothesis that the thinner Blood is the more hot which therefore if it were let out by a strait orifice and the thick retained the Body should be more cooled than when the thick and less hot is poured forth Fr. Bayle Probl. 3. LXXVIII Those who let Blood should observe the situation of the Valves for the Vein ought to be opened a good way from them for if it be opened just by a Valve the Blood either does not flow out rightly Challov de Orig. Met. Sang. or not at all yea sometimes there rises a bump from clotted Blood LXXIX Have a care you open not a Vein near its Anastomosis with an Artery for if this be done the Blood being all of a scarlet-colour will spurt forth impetuously and its efflux is not easily stayed nor is the orifice of the vessel soon shut Willis LXXX If when we have occasion to bleed the Vein do not appear a large Cupping-glass with much flame is to be fixt upon the Part and that will make the Vein shew it self LXXXI Some esteem so much of the first time one is let Blood that they will not use it but in great cases because they think that like an unusual and first Remedy it may cure a man of great Diseases whereas yet very skilful Physicians write on the contrary that men suffer more by such things as they are unaccustomed to Thus Galen 14. Meth. cap. 8. did not let an Old man Blood that had a hot Tumour upon his Tongue because he had not been used to it Therefore say they he that has been used to be let Blood if so be his faculties be not as yet impaired by frequent evacuation the same will bear it more chearfully and lightly than he that has not been so used But the vulgar opinion seems to be justified by what Hippocrates writes 3. Aph. 28. of the first eruption of the Terms and the first Copulation And says Celsus lib. 2. c. 1. If any kinds of Diseases have happened in Infancy and end neither when a Man comes to maturity nor upon the first Coitions nor in a Woman upon the first flowing of her Terms thâ— same are generally of long continuance And speaking of the Epilepsie If says he Remedies have not removed it Coition in Boyes and the flux of the Terms in Girles does cure it Pliny also says l. 8. c. 24. That many kinds of Diseases are cured upon the first coition and upon the first flowing of the Terms or if that do not happen they are then of long continuance and especially the Falling-Sickness Add hereto Hippocrates's authority who 3 Epid. sect 2. aegr 12. writing of a Maid of Larisa that labour'd under a sore Disease says that it was judged or ended on the sixth day and returned not again which certainly was a rare and wonderful thing But this he ascribes to her Terms which then broke of her for the first time when she had the Fever and it was now judged Therefore that is not altogether vain which is vulgarly spoke of the first letting of Blood Rub. in c. 10. lib. 2. Celsi LXXXII We must take some Broth half an hour before Venesection according to Hippocrates's advice Lib. de Vlcer A Vein is to be opened when a man has dined and drunk more liberally or more sparingly and is a little warmed Some Arabians will have the mouth of the Stomach to be fenced and strengthened with a little Meat especially in those who have a weak Stomach or its orifice of a more acute sense and are otherwise weak the innate heat is dissolved by the letting out of the Blood and the cholerick Humours rage more when their bridle is taken off whence there is darger of Swoonings There is given either Bread dipt in the juice of Pomegranats or simple water with Sugar and the juice of Lemons for a Stomach that is weak from an hot intemperature or has bitter Choler floating upon it Some give a cup of cold water to drink and so prevent fainting away in such as are subject to it through swift motions of the mind Galen Comment in lib. de Vlcer seems to dissent advising to defer Venesection so long as may seem sufficient for the Concoction of the Victuals and that the Excrements of the Belly may have while to descend Rhases l. de v. s cucurb c. says whilst the Victuals are not digested in the Stomach or expelled by the Guts either spontaneously or by a Clyster let there be no letting of Blood lest something be attracted of that which is in the Stomach and Guts to the Liver and its passages and is as yet crude Others alledge that the use of Meat before is inconvenient denying the validity of that Argument that is taken from the impairing of the Faculties The Bodies of all Sick Persons are not weakened or resolved by bleeding such as are oppressed with a burthen of Plenitude or Cacochymie are rendred more lightsom They also reject drinking of water before Venesection seeing Avicen teacheth that he that drinks cold water before or after bleeding may fear a Dropsie because of the water 's being snatched into the Veins The truth seems to persuade one to approve of the use of Broths these may refresh Nature both by way of prevention and cure Julaps c. may be used also as well as these A draught only of Water or Beer or a potcht Egg can produce no harm To the Reasons I
answer 1. The impairing of the Faculties is not so slight in those who are unaccustomed to bleeding and in the infirm 2. The more sparing use of Broths Julaps a mouthful of Bread dipt in Wine c. causes no danger of crudity Rolfinc ibid. c. 6. Avicen speaks of an immoderate draught of water LXXXIII It is discussed by some later Physicians how long we must abstain from Meat after bleeding Galen after having bled a Young man sick of a Synochus without Putrefaction gave him some food two hours after Others have said that we may allow Victuals one hour or two after bleeding though not much But this is a thing for the Physician to guess at according to the quantity of the Blood that is let and the strength of the Patient's Faculties For Galen staid two hours because he let Blood very plentifully whereby his strength and spirits were weakened so that he fainâ—ed away wherefore the Stomach was not to be burthened with Meat at that time But we that bleed far more sparingly and do not so diminish the heat spirits and strength have no reason to tarry so long wherefore one hour will be enough when less than a pound of Blood has been taken half an hour when less than half a pound for the Parts are but little drained and but a few Spirits are exhausted and there is made but a small agitation of the Humours The habit of the Body ought also to come into consideration as it more or less abounds with Blood Rubeus and is more or less dense LXXXIV Some avoid giving their Patient any thing to drink after bleeding but Amatus Lusitanus proves that it is not hurtful but wholsom ordering him to drink presently some cold water For by reason of the Veins being emptied it is presently distributed into the Body and cools it more easily quickly and safely LXXXV Some Physicians forbid sleeping after Venesection because they believe that the Blood retires to the Heart which yet is not always true unless perhaps the bleeding have been immoderate or the Patient be in danger of swooning through fearfulness Besides no reason perswades that such retiring of the Blood is pernicious for the Blood uses in sleep to retire to about the Praecordia to the great recruiting of Nature And how great benefit Sleep when it comes does to those Sick Persons that have had restless Nights every one knows for it recruits the faculties and concocts the morbifick Humours whence we are oft put upon using Remedies to procure it If therefore it come a little after bleeding it will be good both as a Sign because it shews that Nature which was oppressed is now relieved and performs the natural Functions and as a Cause because when Sleep succeeds Nature concocts the remainder of the morbifick Humour Indeed Sleep hurts in the Inflammations of the internal viscera in the beginning of Ague-Fits in Pestilential Diseases but why we may not sleep in other Diseases I see no reason Galen writes that Sleep coming on does indicate the firmness of the Crisis for it happens sometimes that the Patient sleeps a whole day after the Crisis if he were long without Sleep before to the great comfort of Nature yea it happens that the Patient sleeps sometimes even in the very Crisis If Sleep therefore help when it comes after other evacuations why should it not do so also after bleeding Yea if a man may safely be let Blood when he is actually asleep Gal. Meth 9. c. 14. what hurt can Sleep do presently after bleeding Galen esteems it as a good sign when the Patient falls fast asleep after bleeding If any say that Sleep is therefore forbid lest the bandage should come loose that is nothing Primiros de vulg error l. 4. c. 26. for by the diligent care of those who wait on the Patient and right tying of the Fillet that may be prevented LXXXVI I my self have seen a simple Decoction of crisped Mint stop the circular motion of the Blood so that not a drop of it would issue out of the Foot though the Surgeon thrust his Lancet deep enough three or four times into the most apparent branches of the Saphana in the Foot for bringing down the Terms in a certain Woman for whom her Maid had prepared a Decoction of Mint instead of common water to hold her feet in Whereupon she was bid to provide simple water into which her Mistress put her feet to above the ankles S. Paul Quadr Botan p. 396. and then the Vein being cut again by the ankle the blood issued forth LXXXVII In the Diseases of Children and Women with Child the Physician consults well for himself and his Patients if himself be present when they are to be bled for those who are intrusted with that operation being too bold do suffer the blood to issue out too largely and if any unfortunate thing happen Phryg comment in aegr 8. Epid. Hippoc pag. 147. 't is presently ascribed to the Physician though it be very evident to sense that the Artist mistook LXXXVIII When a Nerve or Tendon is pricked by the Unskilfulness of the Blood-letter see the Cure thereof under the title of Convulsion lib. 3. LXXXIX A Nobleman having a troublesome Tetter and fixing Leeches in the Morning upon the Part affected when the Blood bursting forth to almost three Pound could be stanched by nothing could be done Prevotius having washed the little holes the Leeches had made with an astringent white Wine Rhodius Cent. 3. Obs 71. caused to be laid upon them with good success Galen's restringent Ointment of bole Armene and Hares wool XC Not only the simple opening of a Vein is profitable but also the cutting of them quite asunder avails to intercept many kinds of Defluxions The cutting asunder of the Vein of the Forehead is the only Remedy to take away malignant Defluxions upon the Nostrils as some have experimented So that I do not wonder that the ancient Physicians in Inflammations of the Eyes bleereyedness c. ordered the cutting asunder of the Forehead and Temple-veins Aëtius cut asunder the Forehead-veins for a continual watriness of the Eyes and pains of the Megrim Haly Abbas cuts those behind the Ears asunder for curing a Vertigo Yea the Excisions of the Veins of other Parts also are profitable for curing at once old and difficult Ulcers of the Legs and Arms c. Now the administration is thus to be order'd first the Vein must be made to appear as in ordinary Venesection then a crooked Steel or Silver Needle being thrust under it the Vein is raised up and then cut in sunder by a Sickle-like or crooked Launcet thrust in as deep as the Needle the Vein being suffer'd to bleed as in common Phlebotomy but for the most part in a slender and thin Skin the Vessel stands so out that it is not necessary to thrust a Needle in but the Administration may be performed by a Launcet alone that is
enquired into as is possible he may cure those Ails with more ease and success For nothing recommends a Physician to a Patient so much as the finding out of a hidden Cause and the Artificial Cure of it which other Physicians could not arrive at Now when Practioners meet with stubborn Diseases and being taught only by Books can find no Examples of them in Physical Authors nor have learned how to discover the causes of them they are at a loss and the Patient cannot be cured till some are called that are well exercised in the search of Arduous things who may by their skill find them and oftentimes they do not only successfully but easily cure Patients who were reckoned incurable which how much it must conduce to get a Physician Reputation any one may imagine Idem XXXIX Empiricks and all the Vulgar use comparison in Diseases and use the like Remedies for Diseases which they think alike This thing hugely pleases the unskilful for because they know few differences of Diseases they think what are not manifestly different must be altogether the same But good Physicians do not so for similitudes are much suspected by them as they do easily impose and occasion doubting And though at first like Diseases might be thought to be cured with like Remedies yet they know that many Diseases which are very like in appearance require contrary Cures because they come from contrary Causes The knowledge therefore of the Cause produces the contrary that is takes away all mistakes and doubtings As if several Men be ill of the Colick one by drinking of cold Water another with Wind another with Bile an Empirick seeing the same Disease would use the same Cure to them all But a Rational Physician who finds the Causes are contrary will give contrary things Therefore he proceeds ill who only considers similitudes but well who finds out the Cause The knowledge of the Cause is so useful that oftentimes the ignorance of the Cause does more mischief than the ignorance of the kind of the Disease and of the place affected For he is less able to undertake the Cure who knows not whether the Colick comes from a hot or a cold Cause than he that knows not whether it is the Stone or the Colick And it is of more moment towards the cure of Fevers to know what kind the Humour is of which comes out than the manner of its Fit c. Therefore to know the way or method wherein every Disease must be cured it is of great moment it concerns a Man to begin with finding out the Cure Now it is hard by Ratiocination to know the ways that is to invent Methods because it is hard to find out what the Disease is what the cause what the part affected and what every Mans Nature and Custom is and all these have their particular Indications or Insinuations what to do which we must consider separately and then compare them one amongst another subtracting the contrary and less from the contrary and greater more or less as every Indication is stronger or weaker From hence all Cure arises Vallesius XL. I make no question but a Physician ought plainly to foretel the Patient of his Death when he desires to know the Event of his Disease For there are both Political and Theological Reasons for which I think it good that the Patient should know the event of his Disease And a Physician has no reason to deceive his Patient especially when he is sincere Sennertus and willing to know the truth XLI Patients must not always be severely denied what Nature earnestly craves For we see that several do not recover of a Quartane and of other Chronical Diseases till their Appetite is gratified A Woman had a Malignant Ulcer about her Throat it put her to much trouble to swallow either Meat or Drink Though she was not with Child she longed for several things as for Herrings Flesh and Fish salted and dried in the Smoak and other Meats hard of concoction which though they were hard she swallowed without any difficulty Her Stomach loathed Emulsions of Almonds Barly-Broth and Flesh-Broth and she would fast sometimes for three days till her vitious Appetite came to her Moreover though what she craved was contrary to her Disease it did her no harm And what she loathed though proper it would make her reach and a little feverish Hildanus XLII Seeing one Disease sometimes follows another as its Remedy whether must we expect it from Nature or procure it by Art Celsus lib. 5. c. 28. sect 4. intimates that by no means it should be procured when he writes that a Fever coming upon a St. Anthonies Fire for one day was a fortuitous Medicin which consumed the Noxious Humour In which thing he seems to follow Hippocrates who discoursing of this changing of Diseases said lib. 1. de morbis that such things came not by the skill or ignorance of the Physician but spontaneously and by fortuitous success Yet because Art imitates Nature therefore what Nature does that also ought to be done by the Physician From Her moving Sweat purging by Stool or Haemorrhoids and doing any such thing while she observes a due Decorum the Physician learned to practise Physick Wherefore in this difficulty we must say a Succession of Diseases must be procured by the Physician that the former Disease may be removed Therefore Hippocrates 6. Aph. 15. says that a Vomit coming upon a long Loosness cures the Disease Where Galen says This is one Example of those things that are well done by Nature which the Physician ought to imitate But if it be so why does Celsus call a Fever which cures a St. Anthonies Fire a fortuitous Medicin and why does Hippocrates write that such things are done with fortuitous success I answer It is because it is so dangerous a thing to raise a Fever For if it happen upon a Cacochymick Body it is in danger of being Malignant if in a pure Body that it may corrupt the Humours or turn to a Hectick Therefore we must proceed with great caution and rather use such a Remedy fortuitous than procured by Art For a Fever supervening on an Apoplexy proved destructive to Numenius his Son Rubeus in Celsum XLIII A Medical Sleep is a Sleep of the Diseases of Mind and Body either spontaneous or procured by Art For Artificial Sleep gains a Physician a great deal of credit G. Palm a Physician formerly of Noremburgh knew that very well who they say used to tell his Patients that he would do them that favour that they should rest better the night after he was called He obtained this with Syrup of red Popy which he prescribed that Night I was taken with the Stratagem and I often do my Patients the same kindness by giving them my Magisterium Anodynum Rolfinccius XLIV It is not once that I have seen Braggadocio's and Vainglorious Physicians mistaken while some of them would