that_o there_o be_v two_o river_n in_o this_o island_n cerus_fw-la and_o neleus_n which_o be_v of_o divers_a nature_n for_o if_o beast_n drink_v out_o of_o one_o of_o they_o their_o hair_n grow_v white_a but_o if_o they_o drink_v of_o the_o water_n of_o the_o other_o river_n their_o hide_n and_o hair_n grow_v black_a there_o be_v a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o livy_n call_v the_o euborian_a bay_n which_o be_v a_o violent_a sea_n and_o flow_v and_o ebbâ—th_v 7._o time_n by_o day_n and_o 7._o time_n by_o night_n with_o such_o a_o violent_a course_n that_o no_o ship_n can_v sail_v against_o it_o there_o be_v also_o the_o mountain_n â—aphaâ—â—us_o famous_a for_o the_o shipwreck_n of_o the_o grecian_n as_o they_o return_v from_o trâ—y_n and_o for_o the_o death_n of_o paâ—amedes_n at_o troy_n the_o son_n of_o eâ—ripides_n nâ—â—plius_n king_n of_o the_o euboean_a island_n cerigo_n ptolemie_n call_v it_o cythera_n pliny_n heretofore_o call_v it_o porpyris_n and_o â—uâ—â—a_o hiu_n call_v it_o pâ—rphyrusa_n from_o the_o great_a store_n of_o porphirie_n marble_n which_o iâ—_n in_o the_o mountain_n it_o be_v now_o call_v cerigâ—â—â—_n be_v thâ—_n first_o island_n of_o the_o aegaean_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n over-against_o the_o laconic_a 〈◊〉_d it_o 〈◊〉_d it_o from_o the_o shore_n of_o peloponnesus_n 5._o mile_n and_o it_o be_v 60._o mile_n in_o compass_n it_o have_v a_o town_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o many_o havens_n which_o be_v not_o safe_a and_o secure_a for_o there_o be_v many_o rock_n which_o lie_v scatter_o round_a about_o this_o island_n rhodes·_n there_o remain_v in_o this_o table_n the_o island_n of_o rhodes_n this_o as_o pliny_n witness_v be_v heretofore_o call_v ophtusa_n asteria_n aethraea_n trinâ—â—hia_n corimbia_n aâ—abiria_n and_o macarta_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o continent_n of_o asia_n 20._o mile_n the_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v 140._o mile_n it_o have_v a_o temperate_a and_o gentle_a air_n and_o it_o be_v consecrate_v to_o the_o sun_n because_o there_o be_v no_o day_n wherein_o the_o sun_n do_v not_o shine_v upon_o it_o the_o soil_n be_v fruitful_a and_o the_o meadow_n fertile_a and_o it_o have_v great_a store_n of_o fruit_n tree_n of_o which_o many_o be_v always_o green_a it_o have_v now_o but_o one_o strong_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n which_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n partly_o on_o a_o steep_a hill_n and_o partly_o on_o the_o sea_n coast_n it_o have_v a_o fair_a and_o safe_a haven_n and_o it_o be_v well_o fortify_v with_o a_o double_a wall_n thirteen_o high_a tower_n five_o castle_n and_o other_o fort_n and_o bulwark_n and_o it_o have_v a_o university_n which_o heretofore_o be_v as_o famous_a as_o that_o at_o massils_n athens_n alexandria_n and_o â—arsus_fw-la and_o it_o have_v a_o brazen_a colossus_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v seventy_o cubit_n high_a which_o after_o it_o have_v stand_v 56._o year_n it_o be_v throw_v down_o by_o a_o earthquake_n and_o when_o it_o lay_v on_o the_o ground_n it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a sight_n to_o behold_v for_o a_o man_n of_o a_o good_a stature_n can_v not_o fathom_n or_o embrace_v his_o thumb_n and_o the_o finger_n be_v great_a than_o most_o statue_n and_o when_o it_o be_v break_v his_o belly_n do_v gape_v like_o a_o great_a cave_n this_o colossus_n be_v make_v twelve_o year_n and_o three_o hundred_o talent_n of_o brass_n go_v to_o the_o make_n of_o it_o and_z within_z there_o be_v great_a stone_n lay_v that_o may_v make_v the_o work_n stand_v firm_a the_o sultan_n jade_v 700._o camel_n with_o the_o brass_n of_o this_o statue_n the_o kingdom_n of_o persia_n or_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o sophi_n the_o persian_a or_o sophian_a empire_n as_o it_o be_v renown_v heretofore_o so_o now_o also_o it_o be_v very_o famous_a country_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v persian_n they_o be_v call_v also_o ayami_n or_o azamij_fw-la from_o the_o kingdom_n of_o azamia_n which_o some_o think_v be_v heretofore_o call_v assyria_n they_o be_v call_v persian_n from_o persides_n and_o cheselbas_n from_o the_o red_a cap_n or_o hat_n which_o they_o use_v to_o wear_v they_o be_v call_v sophian_o from_o prince_n sophos_n the_o kingdom_n of_o persia_n be_v situate_a between_o the_o turkish_a empire_n situation_n the_o tartarian_n the_o zagatheans_n the_o kingdom_n of_o cambaia_n and_o between_o the_o hyrcanian_a or_o caspian_a sea_n and_o the_o persian_a bay_n it_o have_v thereof_o on_o the_o east_n the_o indies_n and_o the_o kingdom_n of_o cambaja_n from_o which_o it_o be_v separate_v and_o part_v by_o the_o mountain_n and_o desert_n on_o the_o north_n be_v the_o tartar_n near_o the_o river_n albianus_fw-la or_o oxus_n the_o rest_n be_v enclose_v with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n be_v the_o turk_n near_o the_o river_n tigris_n and_o the_o lake_n giocho_n on_o the_o south_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o persian_a bay_n and_o the_o indian_a sea_n which_o be_v a_o large_a space_n of_o ground_n for_o it_o contain_v 38._o degree_n of_o longitude_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n and_o from_o the_o south_n to_o the_o north_n 20._o degree_n concern_v the_o temper_n of_o the_o air_n of_o persia_n q._n curtius_n lib._n 5._o write_v thus_o there_o be_v no_o wholesommer_n country_n in_o all_o asia_n for_o the_o air_n be_v temperate_a here_o a_o continue_a shady_a mountain_n do_v qualify_v the_o heat_n thereof_o and_o there_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o sea_n which_o do_v cherish_v it_o with_o a_o temperate_a warmth_n but_o this_o country_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o quality_n nor_o of_o one_o soil_n that_o part_n which_o lie_v towards_o the_o persian_a bay_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v water_v with_o river_n and_o also_o that_o part_n towards_o the_o caspian_a sea_n have_v pleasant_a river_n &_o a_o mild_a gentle_a air_n be_v both_o happy_a and_o fruitful_a and_o do_v yield_v all_o kind_n of_o fruit_n and_o do_v breed_v all_o kind_n of_o live_a creature_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o wheat_n barley_n millet_n and_o the_o like_a grain_n and_o also_o metal_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o paulus_n venetus_n witness_v that_o it_o have_v great_a plenty_n of_o wine_n the_o other_o part_n be_v desolate_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o heat_n and_o dryness_n moreover_o the_o persian_n be_v at_o first_o a_o obscure_a nation_n but_o they_o grow_v famous_a afterward_o by_o their_o king_n cyrus_n who_o have_v get_v the_o empire_n media_n and_o lydia_n join_v it_o to_o persia_n and_o so_o have_v conquer_v asia_n and_o subdue_v all_o the_o east_n he_o leave_v it_o a_o fair_a and_o flourish_a kingdom_n cambyses_n succeed_v his_o father_n who_o add_v egypt_n to_o the_o empire_n after_o who_o persia_n continue_v in_o one_o estate_n until_o daâ—ius_n reign_v who_o be_v conquer_v by_o alexaâ—der_n of_o macedâ—n_n lose_v his_o life_n together_o with_o his_o kingdom_n it_o be_v govern_v by_o king_n 230._o year_n as_o q._n curtius_n affirm_v lib._n 4._o and_o the_o prophet_n jeremiah_n do_v assent_v unto_o he_o at_o the_o 9_o chapter_n of_o daniel_n but_o now_o the_o persian_a empire_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o great_a sophy_n be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a empire_n of_o all_o the_o east_n which_o though_o it_o be_v sometime_o oppress_v by_o the_o saracen_n and_o sometime_o by_o the_o tartar_n yet_o it_o grow_v up_o again_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n ishmael_n the_o country_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o persian_a empire_n be_v these_o media_fw-la assyria_n susiana_n mesopotamia_n persis_n parthia_n hyrcania_n margâ—aâ—a_n bactriana_n parâ—pamissus_n aria_n drangiana_n gedrosia_n and_o carmania_n media_n be_v now_o call_v seruan_fw-mi which_o be_v situate_a between_o persia_n and_o the_o hyrcanian_a sea_n it_o have_v on_o the_o east_n hyrcania_n and_o parthia_n on_o the_o west_n the_o great_a armenia_n and_o assyria_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o great_a or_o the_o southern_a and_o the_o northern_a atropatia_n the_o latter_a be_v cold_a and_o therefore_o less_o inhabit_v the_o chief_a city_n be_v smâ—chia_n there_o be_v moreover_o these_o city_n derbâ—nt_n ever_o be_v sechi_n and_o giavot_n the_o great_a be_v more_o inhabit_v it_o have_v also_o the_o city_n tauris_n which_o be_v place_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o oâ—ontis_n be_v 8._o day_n journey_n distant_a from_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v almost_o 16._o mile_n in_o which_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o there_o be_v 200000._o citizen_n the_o ancient_n do_v call_v it_o eâ—batana_n where_o the_o king_n of_o persia_n do_v dwell_v in_o summer_n in_o the_o same_o country_n there_o be_v turcomian_n â—aru_fw-la susâ—an_n nassiva_n ardavil_n and_o marant_a assyria_n which_o be_v now_o call_v arzerum_n have_v on_o the_o east_n media_n on_o the_o west_n mesopotamia_n on_o the_o north_n armenia_n on_o the_o south_n â—usiana_fw-la it_o have_v
law_n for_o we_o they_o love_v and_o reverence_n saint_n but_o make_v no_o invocation_n unto_o they_o they_o do_v much_o honour_n mary_n the_o mother_n of_o christ_n but_o yet_o they_o do_v not_o worship_v she_o nor_o implore_v she_o help_v the_o clergy_n and_o the_o priest_n be_v permit_v to_o many_o as_o well_o as_o the_o lay-people_n and_o they_o punish_v all_o kind_n of_o lust_n and_o fornication_n they_o have_v a_o patriarch_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o all_o their_o church_n who_o be_v a_o man_n of_o approve_a honesty_n grave_n well_o learned_a and_o ancient_a in_o year_n who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o clergy_n in_o concord_n and_o union_n to_o defend_v the_o ecclesiastic_a discipline_n and_o to_o excommunicate_v rebellious_a person_n the_o election_n and_o choose_n of_o bishop_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a person_n belong_v only_o to_o the_o king_n gvinea_n with_o the_o land_n of_o st._n thomas_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o good-yeere_n the_o kingdom_n of_o guinea_n be_v in_o that_o country_n call_v where_o the_o ganginean_a aethiopian_n be_v who_o orosius_n and_o ethicus_n do_v mention_n as_o ortelius_n witness_v the_o inhabitant_n do_v call_v it_o ghinui_n it_o be_v the_o blackmoores_n country_n the_o blackmoore_n be_v call_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o black_a river_n which_o flow_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o country_n and_o like_o nilus_n do_v fertilise_v the_o field_n round_o about_o it_o this_o river_n do_v increase_v as_o nilus_n do_v in_o the_o month_n of_o june_n 40._o day_n together_o all_o which_o time_n you_o may_v go_v by_o boat_n into_o country_n near_o unto_o it_o and_o the_o earth_n be_v so_o dung_v with_o mud_n and_o slime_n so_o that_o it_o yield_v a_o great_a increase_n about_o the_o river_n there_o be_v large_a plain_n but_o no_o mountain_n or_o hill_n there_o be_v also_o many_o wood_n in_o the_o which_o there_o be_v elephant_n there_o be_v also_o many_o lake_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o river_n niger_n the_o air_n be_v wholesome_a in_o so_o much_o that_o those_o who_o be_v sick_a of_o the_o spanish_a disease_n if_o they_o come_v unto_o that_o country_n do_v certain_o recover_v their_o health_n and_o grow_v well_o these_o blackmoore_n have_v a_o divers_a kind_n of_o speech_n according_a to_o the_o soil_n and_o climate_n their_o religion_n be_v also_o diverse_a in_o the_o mediterranean_a part_n they_o be_v christian_n mahometans_n and_o heathen_n but_o those_o that_o dwell_v by_o the_o sea_n coast_n do_v worship_n idol_n there_o be_v three_o king_n of_o the_o blackmoore_n tombuti_n borni_n and_o gaogae_fw-la the_o gualatians_n also_o have_v a_o king_n of_o their_o own_o they_o be_v all_o coalblack_a situation_n the_o kingdom_n of_o guinea_n be_v seat_v between_o gualata_n tembutum_fw-la and_o melli_fw-la air_n and_o it_o reach_v from_o the_o river_n niger_n to_o the_o aethiopian_a ocean_n the_o air_n of_o guinea_n be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o our_o body_n both_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o untemperatenesse_n of_o the_o climate_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o rain_n both_o which_o do_v breed_v putrefaction_n and_o worm_n but_o it_o have_v abundance_n of_o barley_n rice_n cotton_n gold_n ivory_n also_o sheep_n and_o hen_n soil_n there_o be_v also_o a_o kind_n of_o spice_n which_o cast_v like_o pepper_n which_o the_o portugal_n call_v melegneta_n and_o another_o spice_n as_o strong_a again_o as_o calicut_n pepper_n which_o the_o aforesaid_a portugal_n do_v call_v pimiente_fw-it del_fw-it rabo_n which_o it_o be_v unlawful_a to_o sell_v lâ—st_v they_o shall_v thereby_o bring_v down_o the_o price_n of_o common_a pepper_n it_o have_v no_o fruit_n but_o date_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v fain_o to_o fetch_v they_o out_o of_o numidia_n or_o gualata_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o elephant_n and_o ape_n and_o bird_n especial_o peacock_n and_o ash-colour_n popinjay_n or_o parrot_n and_o they_o have_v certain_a small_a bird_n which_o do_v curious_o â—â—ild_v themselves_o a_o nest_n which_o hang_v in_o the_o bough_n of_o the_o tree_n thâ—â—_n have_v neither_o castle_n town_n nor_o city_n but_o they_o have_v one_o great_a village_n in_o which_o the_o prince_n priest_n doctor_n and_o merchant_n do_v dwell_v the_o other_o live_v scatter_o here_o and_o there_o about_o caput_fw-la lupi_fw-la conzalui_fw-la the_o inhabitant_n do_v adore_v the_o sun_n the_o moon_n and_o the_o earth_n upon_o which_o to_o spit_v they_o account_v it_o a_o hâ—inous_a offence_n they_o do_v out_o and_o lance_n their_o flesh_n and_o afterward_o they_o paint_v it_o with_o a_o certain_a colour_a ointment_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v very_o comely_a but_o to_o we_o it_o seem_v a_o fearful_a spectacle_n when_o they_o salute_v their_o prince_n they_o fall_v down_o upon_o their_o knee_n and_o clap_v their_o hand_n together_o but_o in_o common_a salutation_n they_o cry_v fuid_a futâ—_n fuiâ—_n they_o do_v not_o drink_v all_o dinner_n time_n but_o when_o they_o have_v dine_v they_o drink_v water_n or_o wine_n that_o come_v out_o of_o the_o date_n tree_n but_o yet_o this_o date_n tree_n do_v not_o bear_v date_n but_o be_v a_o tree_n different_a from_o it_o which_o send_v forth_o a_o kind_n of_o juice_n at_o all_o time_n of_o the_o year_n they_o cut_v the_o body_n of_o the_o tree_n and_o receive_v the_o bleed_a juice_n which_o distil_v from_o it_o into_o a_o vessel_n and_o drink_v it_o till_o they_o be_v drink_v for_o it_o be_v a_o liquor_n that_o be_v pure_a than_o any_o wine_n it_o be_v of_o a_o ashy_a colour_n and_o they_o call_v it_o mignolum_fw-la this_o tree_n will_v yield_v but_o two_o or_o three_o measure_n in_o one_o day_n this_o tree_n bear_v olive_n the_o oil_n whereof_o have_v a_o threefold_a virtue_n it_o smell_v like_o a_o violet_n taste_v like_o a_o olive_n and_o if_o it_o be_v pour_v or_o lay_v upon_o meat_n it_o die_v it_o like_o saffron_n the_o man_n and_o woman_n do_v both_o go_v bareheaded_a some_o have_v hat_n make_v of_o bark_n of_o tree_n or_o of_o the_o indian_a nut._n some_o of_o they_o do_v bear_v hole_n through_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o their_o nose_n and_o do_v wear_v piece_n of_o ivory_n in_o they_o and_o do_v think_v it_o become_v they_o very_o well_o and_o some_o do_v wear_v ivory_n and_o fish_n shell_n in_o their_o nose_n and_o lip_n they_o make_v their_o apron_n of_o the_o bark_n and_o rind_n of_o tree_n and_o with_o they_o they_o hide_v and_o cover_v their_o secret_a part_n also_o they_o wear_v the_o skin_n of_o ape_n and_o monkey_n which_o be_v fasten_v together_o with_o a_o little_a bell._n they_o paint_v one_o eye_n red_a and_o the_o other_o blue_a the_o rich_a sort_n of_o woman_n do_v wear_v great_a ring_n of_o iron_n copper_n or_o tin_n upon_o their_o thigh_n and_o they_o delight_v very_o much_o in_o their_o foolish_a ill-favoured_a barbarousness_n their_o gold_n coin_n have_v no_o inscription_n on_o it_o and_o they_o use_v iron_n money_n upon_o ordinary_a occasion_n and_o for_o petty_a matter_n the_o island_n of_o s._n thomas_n the_o island_n of_o s._n thomas_n be_v next_o to_o be_v describe_v which_o the_o portugal_n discover_v on_o s._n thomas_n day_n and_o upon_o this_o occasion_n they_o call_v it_o the_o island_n of_o s._n thomas_n it_o be_v situate_a under_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v almost_o round_o the_o diameter_n of_o it_o be_v 60._o mile_n when_o this_o island_n be_v discover_v it_o be_v full_a of_o great_a tree_n who_o bough_n do_v grow_v upward_o it_o have_v never_o any_o plague_n the_o air_n be_v warm_a and_o wholesome_a but_o few_o christian_n do_v live_v here_o to_o 50._o year_n of_o age_n so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o wonder_n to_o see_v one_o there_o with_o a_o white_a beard_n but_o the_o native_a inhabitant_n do_v live_v until_o they_o be_v a_o hundred_o year_n old_a the_o day_n and_o night_n be_v always_o equal_a in_o the_o month_n of_o march_n and_o gvinea_fw-la gvinea_n be_v thomae_fw-la september_n they_o have_v many_o great_a shower_n of_o rain_n which_o do_v moisten_v the_o ground_n but_o in_o the_o other_o month_n the_o fruit_n be_v water_v and_o refresh_v with_o the_o dew_n that_o fall_v upon_o they_o this_o island_n have_v a_o stiff_a clommy_a soil_n of_o a_o red_a duskish_a colour_n it_o do_v not_o bear_v corn_n vines_n or_o any_o tree_n that_o have_v stone_n fruit_n but_o it_o bear_v melon_n cucumber_n gourd_n fig_n and_o great_a store_n of_o ginger_n and_o especial_o sugar_n for_o which_o they_o do_v bring_v in_o wine_n cheese_n corn_n hides_n and_o other_o necessary_n but_o this_o traffic_n have_v cease_v since_o that_o certain_a worm_n begin_v to_o eat_v the_o root_n of_o the_o sugarcane_n so_o that_o now_o scarce_o 6._o ship_n do_v go_v from_o thence_o load_v with_o sugar_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o millet_n rice_n
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yet_o he_o take_v they_o by_o cunning_a and_o craftiness_n there_o be_v also_o a_o other_o fish_n call_v stantus_fw-la valour_n all_o grisly_a and_o something_o like_o a_o thornback_n but_o much_o great_a when_o he_o appear_v he_o seem_v like_o a_o island_n and_o overturn_v ship_n with_o his_o fin_n there_o be_v also_o sea-oxen_n call_v seenaut_n of_o a_o grisly_a colour_n and_o divers_a other_o fish_n i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o mountain_n mountain_n in_o iseland_n say_v georgius_n agricola_n there_o be_v three_o very_a high_a mountain_n who_o top_n be_v always_o white_a with_o continual_a snow_n the_o bottom_n do_v burn_v with_o continual_a fire_n the_o first_o be_v call_v hecla_n or_o hecklfort_n the_o second_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o the_o three_o helga_n that_o be_v the_o holy_a mountain_n not_o far_o from_o hecla_n there_o be_v mine_n of_o brimstone_n which_o be_v the_o only_a commodity_n of_o traffic_n that_o belong_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o iseland_n 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shore_n and_o make_v such_o a_o horrible_a sound_n that_o the_o inhabitant_n say_v it_o be_v the_o cry_v and_o howl_v of_o those_o soul_n there_o be_v a_o other_o mountain_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n call_v helga_n this_o mountain_n in_o the_o year_n 1581._o as_o jonas_n witness_v do_v cast_v forth_o fire_n and_o stone_n with_o such_o a_o thunder_a noise_n that_o four_o score_n mile_n from_o thence_o they_o think_v some_o great_a piece_n of_o ordnance_n have_v be_v shoot_v off_o in_o one_o part_n hereof_o strange_a spirit_n be_v see_v in_o the_o likeness_n of_o man_n so_o that_o those_o who_o do_v not_o know_v they_o to_o be_v dead_a before_o will_v think_v they_o be_v alive_a nor_o do_v they_o find_v their_o error_n before_o the_o ghost_n do_v vanish_v away_o but_o these_o thing_n jonas_n think_v be_v fabulous_a or_o else_o the_o
delusion_n of_o the_o devil_n crantzius_n and_o olaus_n do_v write_v that_o the_o islander_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v dwell_v in_o cave_n which_o they_o dig_v in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n especial_o in_o the_o winter_n time_n but_o jonas_n on_o the_o contrary_a say_v that_o there_o be_v many_o temple_n and_o house_n build_v of_o wood_n very_o fair_a and_o costly_a the_o island_n have_v two_o cathedral_n bishopric_n as_o holar_n or_o hallen_n under_o which_o be_v the_o monastery_n pingora_n reme_v modur_n munkeniere_n and_o scalholt_n under_o which_o be_v those_o monastery_n videy_n pyrnebar_n kirckebar_n and_o shieda_n yet_o we_o understand_v by_o the_o writing_n of_o velletus_fw-la the_o author_n of_o this_o table_n that_o there_o be_v nine_o monastery_n in_o it_o and_o three_o hundred_o and_o nine_o and_o twenty_o church_n the_o bishop_n be_v send_v thither_o out_o of_o the_o university_n of_o hassnia_n the_o only_a university_n in_o denmark_n one_o of_o they_o 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steel_n gold_n silver_z woman_n coyf_n and_o wood_n for_o build_v house_n and_o ship_n and_o they_o do_v expect_v for_o these_o iselandish_a cloth_n common_o call_v watman_n great_a store_n of_o brimstone_n dry_a fish_n butter_n tallow_n hide_v skin_n of_o wild_a beast_n fox_n white_a falcon_n horse_n and_o the_o like_a here_o be_v so_o great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n that_o they_o lie_v they_o in_o great_a heap_n out_o of_o door_n and_o so_o sell_v they_o the_o heap_n be_v high_o than_o the_o top_n of_o their_o house_n there_o be_v also_o so_o great_a store_n of_o salt_n butter_n that_o they_o put_v it_o up_o in_o sweet_a chest_n of_o forty_o foot_n long_o and_o five_o foot_n deep_a beside_o that_o which_o they_o barrel_n up_o and_o here_o we_o will_v add_v erasmus_n michael_n verse_n concern_v iseland_n as_o he_o have_v they_o in_o his_o three_o book_n of_o sea_n matter_n vltima_fw-la parrhasias_n islandia_n spectat_fw-la in_o arctos_n etc._n etc._n the_o far_a part_n of_o iseland_n 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ash_n with_o a_o fearful_a sound_n while_o pitchy_a flame_n do_v to_o the_o star_n rebound_v the_o isle_n of_o britain_n england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n with_o the_o land_n lie_v round_n about_o they_o britain_n contain_v all_o those_o land_n which_o lie_v between_o spain_n and_o germany_n be_v stretch_v forth_o in_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o land_n towards_o france_n lhuyddus_n say_v that_o not_o long_o ago_o it_o be_v call_v prydanium_n give_v s_o r_o thomas_n eliott_n will_v have_v it_o call_v prytania_n be_v incite_v thereunto_o through_o the_o love_n of_o contention_n rather_o than_o truth_n against_o the_o authority_n of_o aristotle_n lucretius_n julius_n caesar_n and_o other_o ancient_a writer_n but_o because_o heretofore_o all_o the_o briton_n do_v paint_v themselves_o with_o woade_n which_o give_v they_o a_o bluish_a colour_n that_o so_o their_o face_n may_v be_v more_o terrible_a against_o their_o enemy_n in_o war_n and_o in_o regard_n that_o in_o their_o ancient_a language_n they_o do_v call_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v paint_v and_o colour_v brit_n some_o do_v right_o suppose_v that_o the_o grecian_n understand_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v call_v birth_n and_o briton_n do_v add_v to_o birth_n tania_n which_o signify_v a_o country_n and_o therefore_o creature_n britain_n be_v call_v the_o country_n of_o briton_n that_o be_v the_o country_n of_o paint_a and_o colour_a man_n like_v as_o mauritania_n be_v call_v so_o of_o the_o moor_n lusitania_n from_o lusus_fw-la and_o aquitania_n the_o region_n of_o water_n britain_n be_v endow_v by_o nature_n with_o all_o gift_n both_o of_o air_n and_o soil_n in_o which_o neither_o the_o cold_a of_o winter_n be_v too_o violent_a as_o the_o orator_n have_v it_o speak_v to_o constantine_n nor_o the_o heat_n of_o summer_n and_o it_o be_v so_o fruitful_a in_o bear_v corn_n that_o it_o be_v sufficient_o store_v with_o bread_n and_o drink_v here_o the_o wood_n be_v without_o wild_a beast_n and_o the_o earth_n without_o harmful_a serpent_n on_o the_o contrary_a innumerable_a flock_n and_o herd_n of_o tame_a cattle_n full_a of_o milk_n and_o load_v with_o their_o fleece_n yea_o whatsoever_o be_v necessary_a to_o life_n be_v here_o the_o day_n be_v very_o long_o so_o that_o the_o night_n be_v not_o without_o some_o light_n and_o the_o sun_n which_o seem_v in_o other_o country_n to_o go_v down_o and_o set_v do_v seem_v here_o only_o to_o pass_v by_o among_o all_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n two_o do_v exceed_v the_o rest_n in_o greatness_n albion_n albion_n under_o which_o be_v contain_v england_n and_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n the_o great_a of_o these_o be_v albion_n now_o alone_o call_v britain_n which_o be_v a_o name_n former_o common_a to_o they_o all_o and_o this_o name_n be_v rather_o deduce_v out_o of_o book_n than_o use_v in_o common_a speech_n only_o the_o scot_n do_v yet_o call_v themselves_o albinich_n and_o their_o country_n albin_n concern_v the_o name_n of_o albion_n the_o grecian_n first_o give_v it_o to_o this_o i_o will_v for_o distinction_n sake_n see_v all_o the_o neighbour_n land_n be_v call_v the_o isle_n of_o britain_n so_o that_o it_o do_v first_o arise_v from_o the_o vain_a and_o fabulous_a lightness_n of_o the_o grecian_n in_o feign_v name_n for_o see_v they_o call_v italy_n from_o hesperus_n the_o son_n of_o atlas_n hesperia_n france_n from_o the_o son_n of_o poliphemus_n gallatia_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a that_o they_o fabulous_o name_v this_o island_n albion_n from_o albion_n the_o son_n of_o neptune_n which_o perottus_fw-la and_o lilius_fw-la giraldus_n the_o isle_n of_o britain_n anglia_fw-it scotia_n et_fw-la hibernia_n do_v confirm_v other_o will_v derive_v it_o from_o figure_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o as_o festus_n witness_v in_o greek_a signify_v white_a whence_o also_o the_o alps_n be_v so_o call_v
the_o other_o smooth_a with_o a_o plain_a web_n there_o be_v other_o bird_n which_o they_o call_v marinetae_fw-la less_o than_o a_o blackbird_n be_v short_a like_o a_o starling_n yet_o differ_v from_o he_o by_o the_o whiteness_n of_o the_o belly_n and_o the_o blackness_n of_o the_o back_n it_o be_v a_o wonderful_a thing_n which_o be_v report_v concern_v these_o bird_n for_o if_o when_o they_o be_v dead_a they_o be_v keep_v in_o a_o dry_a place_n they_o will_v not_o putrify_v or_o corrupt_v and_o be_v place_v among_o garment_n and_o other_o thing_n it_o will_v preserve_v they_o from_o moth_n that_o which_o be_v more_o worthy_a of_o admiration_n be_v that_o if_o be_v dead_a they_o be_v hang_v up_o in_o some_o dry_a place_n they_o will_v every_o year_n renew_v and_o change_v their_o feather_n as_o if_o they_o be_v alive_a ireland_n contain_v all_o kind_n of_o wild_a beast_n it_o have_v heart_n that_o be_v so_o fat_a that_o they_o can_v hardly_o run_v and_o by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v lesser_a in_o body_n by_o so_o much_o the_o large_a be_v their_o horn_n there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o boar_n many_o hare_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o body_n of_o all_o the_o wild_a beast_n and_o bird_n be_v lesser_a here_o than_o in_o other_o place_n it_o have_v many_o badger_n and_o weesil_n it_o have_v few_o or_o no_o goat_n fallow_a deer_n hedgehog_n mole_n but_o infinite_a store_n of_o mouse_n it_o have_v also_o wolf_n and_o fox_n but_o enough_o of_o these_o thing_n i_o return_v to_o other_o matter_n heretofore_o ireland_n be_v rule_v by_o many_o earl_n now_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o england_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o king_n substitute_n government_n who_o be_v call_v the_o lord_n deputie_n it_o come_v to_o be_v under_o the_o dominion_n ireland_n irlandia_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n about_o the_o year_n 649._o 1175_o at_o which_o time_n roderick_n king_n of_o connaught_n style_v himself_o king_n of_o all_o ireland_n and_o strive_v to_o subject_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o himself_o wage_v continual_a war_n with_o the_o other_o earl_n by_o who_o sedition_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o other_o earl_n of_o their_o own_o accord_n and_o without_o any_o effusion_n of_o blood_n do_v put_v themselves_o under_o the_o obedience_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o king_n of_o england_n from_o who_o all_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v call_v lord_n of_o ireland_n until_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o eigth_n who_o by_o the_o noble_n of_o ireland_n be_v declare_v king_n of_o ireland_n because_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n grow_v hateful_a to_o some_o seditious_a people_n city_n there_o be_v four_o special_a city_n in_o this_o island_n first_o norway_n dublin_n the_o metropolis_n or_o mother-citie_n of_o ireland_n be_v the_o royal_a archiepiscopall_a seat_n give_v name_n to_o a_o county_n the_o next_o in_o dignity_n be_v waterford_n the_o three_o limbrick_n the_o four_o cork_n there_o be_v many_o other_o very_o great_a town_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o the_o particular_a description_n of_o ireland_n this_o country_n have_v many_o lake_n and_o stand_a water_n lakes_n among_o which_o there_o be_v a_o lake_n in_o ulster_n twenty_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o lake_n erne_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o hereafter_o there_o be_v a_o little_a lake_n beyond_o the_o city_n armack_n in_o which_o if_o you_o stick_v a_o spear_n up_o some_o month_n that_o part_n which_o stick_v in_o the_o mud_n will_v be_v iron_n that_o which_o be_v in_o the_o water_n stony_a and_o that_o which_o be_v out_o of_o the_o water_n will_v remain_v wood_n there_o be_v also_o the_o lake_n erne_n which_o be_v thirty_o mile_n long_o and_o fifteen_o mile_n broad_a be_v compass_v about_o with_o thick_a wood_n and_o so_o full_a of_o fish_n that_o the_o fisherman_n often_o break_v their_o net_n by_o take_v too_o many_o at_o one_o time_n river_n this_o island_n be_v divide_v and_o water_v with_o many_o fair_a river_n who_o name_n be_v these_o liffie_a avenliffe_n run_v through_o dublin_n boandus_fw-la through_o methe_n banna_n through_o vltonia_fw-la linuâ—_n through_o connack_n and_o moadus_n through_o kenel_n cunillia_fw-la slicheia_n and_o samaira_n beside_o modarnus_n and_o furnus_fw-la through_o keneleonia_n and_o many_o other_o but_o of_o all_o the_o river_n of_o ireland_n the_o river_n river_n synnenus_n be_v the_o chief_a both_o for_o the_o breadth_n and_o mile_n length_n of_o its_o course_n and_o for_o the_o plenty_n of_o fish_n which_o be_v in_o it_o but_o in_o general_a the_o river_n and_o lake_n be_v full_a of_o fish_n breed_v in_o they_o this_o country_n be_v unequal_a and_o mountainous_a soft_a and_o waterish_a you_o shall_v find_v lake_n and_o stand_a water_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n the_o mountain_n abound_v with_o cattle_n &_o the_o wood_n with_o wild_a beast_n solinus_n write_v thus_o concern_v the_o sea_n which_o flow_v between_o ireland_n and_o england_n the_o sea_n between_o ireland_n and_o england_n be_v rough_a and_o unquiet_a all_o the_o year_n and_o be_v scarce_o navigable_a but_o in_o some_o part_n of_o the_o summer_n but_o he_o err_v for_o it_o be_v quiet_a enough_o unless_o it_o be_v stir_v up_o with_o wind_n and_o not_o only_o in_o summer_n but_o also_o in_o winter_n passenger_n do_v sail_n to_o and_o fro_o all_o the_o sea_n shore_n do_v abound_v sufficient_o with_o fish_n ireland_n have_v in_o all_o three_o and_o thirty_o county_n and_o four_o archbishop_n the_o bishop_n of_o armach_n primate_n of_o all_o ireland_n the_o bishop_n of_o dublin_n the_o bishop_n of_o cassil_n and_o toam_n and_o these_o four_o have_v nine_o and_o twenty_o suffragans_fw-la or_o vicegorent_n ireland_n from_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n for_o those_o who_o refuse_v to_o obey_v the_o law_n and_o live_v more_o uncivil_o be_v call_v irishrie_n and_o common_o wild_a irish_a but_o those_o who_o be_v willing_a to_o obey_v the_o law_n and_o appear_v before_o the_o judge_n be_v call_v the_o english-irish_a and_o their_o country_n the_o english_a pale_a they_o speak_v english_a natural_o and_o uncorrupt_o yet_o they_o understand_v irish_a in_o regard_n of_o their_o daily_a commerce_n with_o the_o irishman_n the_o irishman_n have_v some_o certain_a lord_n under_o who_o command_n the_o most_o of_o they_o be_v but_o they_o live_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o english_a but_o counterfeit_o and_o as_o long_o as_o the_o english_a soldier_n do_v waste_v their_o territory_n yet_o they_o appoint_v session_n to_o be_v keep_v at_o certain_a time_n and_o place_n to_o restrain_v and_o punish_v robbery_n and_o theft_n commit_v by_o night_n there_o those_o that_o be_v accuse_v if_o they_o be_v convict_v have_v certain_a arbitratour_n to_o judge_v of_o the_o cause_n who_o they_o call_v brehoni_n these_o be_v all_o of_o one_o family_n and_o although_o they_o have_v no_o knowledge_n in_o the_o law_n yet_o for_o their_o wisdom_n &_o honesty_n of_o life_n they_o be_v account_v divine_a their_o war_n be_v partly_o on_o horseback_n and_o partly_o on_o foot_n the_o gentry_n have_v horse_n well_o manage_v so_o that_o without_o any_o advantage_n they_o will_v mount_v they_o in_o their_o armour_n and_o take_v a_o javelin_n or_o dart_n of_o great_a weight_n by_o the_o middle_n they_o will_v throw_v or_o brandish_v it_o against_o their_o enemy_n with_o much_o ease_n among_o the_o footman_n some_o be_v soldier_n in_o cassock_n very_o strong_a who_o they_o call_v galeglacii_n have_v cuttleax_n as_o sharp_a as_o razor_n and_o they_o be_v the_o chief_a strength_n of_o the_o irish_a war_n the_o next_o be_v footman_n wear_v a_o light_a armour_n with_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n and_o these_o be_v call_v karnes_n and_o they_o think_v a_o man_n be_v not_o dead_a until_o they_o have_v cut_v off_o his_o head_n in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v footman_n who_o they_o call_v daltines_n who_o go_v unarm_v attend_v upon_o the_o horseman_n the_o footman_n as_o well_o as_o horseman_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o come_v to_o fight_v with_o their_o enemy_n do_v cry_n with_o a_o great_a voice_n 678._o pharro_n pharro_n and_o they_o use_v a_o bagpipe_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o trumpet_n the_o irish_a do_v fare_v sumptuous_o and_o magnificent_o for_o though_o they_o have_v no_o delicate_a dish_n diet._n nor_o great_a service_n in_o their_o banquet_n yet_o their_o table_n according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n be_v well_o furnish_v with_o beef_n and_o pork_n and_o other_o meat_n in_o their_o feast_n they_o lie_v upon_o bed_n the_o first_o place_n at_o the_o table_n belong_v to_o the_o mother_n of_o the_o family_n who_o wear_v a_o long_a gown_n or_o mantell_n reach_v to_o her_o ankle_n often_o dye_v and_o also_o sleeve_v the_o second_o table_n of_o ireland_n in_o which_o
irish_a do_v often_o use_v to_o do_v kerri_n as_o it_o be_v now_o call_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n shennin_n be_v ancient_o their_o seat_n a_o country_n full_a of_o inaccessible_a and_o woody_a mountain_n between_o which_o there_o be_v many_o hollow_a valley_n have_v thick_a wood_n in_o they_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n be_v heretofore_o honour_v with_o the_o dignity_n of_o count_n palatine_n hereof_o but_o by_o the_o wickedness_n of_o man_n which_o will_v have_v liberty_n and_o yet_o know_v not_o how_o to_o use_v it_o it_o be_v long_o since_o convert_v into_o a_o sink_n of_o impiety_n and_o a_o refuge_n for_o seditious_a person_n a_o ridiculous_a opinion_n have_v invade_v and_o persuade_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o wild_a irish_a that_o he_o that_o do_v not_o answer_v the_o great_a shout_n or_o warlike_a pharich_n cry_n which_o the_o rest_n make_v when_o they_o join_v battle_n shall_v be_v sudden_o take_v up_o from_o the_o earth_n and_o as_o it_o be_v fly_v be_v carry_v into_o these_o desert_a valley_n from_o any_o part_n of_o ireland_n and_o there_o feed_v on_o grass_n drink_v water_n and_o yet_o know_v not_o what_o he_o be_v have_v reason_n but_o not_o speech_n and_o at_o last_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o hunter_n and_o bring_v home_o again_o the_o middle_n of_o this_o country_n be_v cut_v into_o two_o part_n by_o a_o river_n which_o have_v now_o no_o name_n but_o flow_v by_o a_o small_a town_n call_v trail_n now_o almost_o ruinate_v where_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n have_v their_o mansion_n house_n this_o river_n by_o the_o situation_n of_o it_o in_o ptolemy_n table_n do_v seem_v to_o be_v dur_n and_o say_v camden_n i_o will_v avouch_v no_o less_o if_o duris_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o haven_n of_o this_o western_a coast_n be_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o as_o i_o have_v understand_v by_o some_o not_o far_o from_o hence_o be_v the_o haven_n smerwick_n the_o word_n be_v contract_v in_o stead_n of_o s._n mary_n wick_n of_o which_o not_o many_o year_n ago_o when_o girald_n earl_n of_o desmond_n a_o man_n profound_a in_o treachery_n towards_o his_o prince_n and_o country_n do_v daily_o by_o several_a inroad_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o momonia_n a_o mix_a band_n or_o company_n of_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n arrive_v be_v send_v unto_o his_o aid_n from_o pope_n gregory_n and_o the_o spaniard_n who_o have_v engarrison_v themselves_o in_o a_o place_n call_v fort_n deal_v over_o seem_v not_o to_o fear_v heaven_n itself_o but_o when_o that_o famous_a and_o warlike_a deputy_n the_o lord_n arthur_n grace_n come_v with_o his_o force_n he_o do_v soon_o decide_v the_o matter_n for_o forthwith_o they_o yield_v themselves_o and_o most_o part_n of_o they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n because_o it_o seem_v most_o safe_a and_o fit_a so_o to_o do_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n require_v it_o and_o the_o rebel_n be_v on_o every_o hand_n the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n himself_o flee_v to_o the_o wood_n and_o have_v hide_v himself_o in_o a_o cottage_n be_v wound_v by_o a_o soldier_n or_o two_o who_o rush_v in_o upon_o he_o and_o afterward_o be_v know_v he_o be_v behead_v for_o his_o treachery_n and_o waste_v of_o his_o country_n all_o desmonia_n towards_o the_o south_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o gangans_n which_o the_o irish_a call_v dassow_v the_o english_a desmond_n heretofore_o three_o sort_n of_o people_n dwell_v in_o it_o namely_o the_o luceni_n the_o velabri_n the_o iherni_n which_o be_v conceive_v in_o some_o map_n to_o be_v the_o vterini_fw-la the_o luceni_n seem_v to_o have_v draw_v both_o their_o name_n and_o original_n from_o the_o lucensii_n of_o spain_n which_o hold_v the_o opposite_a coast_n the_o velabri_n be_v so_o call_v from_o aber_n which_o be_v as_o much_o to_o say_v as_o aestuarii_fw-la because_o they_o be_v seat_v near_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n hence_o also_o the_o artabri_n and_o cantabri_n be_v so_o call_v orosius_n place_n these_o at_o the_o promontory_n notium_n which_o mariner_n at_o this_o day_n do_v call_v cler._n biar-head_n under_o this_o promontory_n the_o river_n jernus_n be_v receive_v into_o the_o ocean_n near_o to_o which_o stand_v dunck-eran_a a_o bishop_n seat_n this_o dunck-eran_a which_o in_o the_o scottish-irish_a be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v the_o town_n eran_n do_v not_o only_o express_o show_v itself_o to_o be_v that_o city_n ivernis_n which_o ptolemie_n mention_n but_o the_o river_n to_o be_v that_o jernus_n whereof_o he_o speak_v which_o have_v its_o appellation_n together_o with_o the_o whole_a island_n from_o high_a an_o irish_a word_n signify_v the_o west_n for_o it_o be_v the_o far_a river_n of_o this_o country_n towards_o the_o west_n as_o ireland_n be_v the_o far_a island_n westward_o of_o all_o europe_n the_o iberni_n who_o be_v also_o call_v vterni_fw-la that_o be_v according_a to_o camden_n interpretation_n the_o high_a irish_a do_v inhabit_v by_o this_o river_n on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o promontory_n where_o be_v the_o havens_n berebavim_n and_o baltimore_n well_o know_v for_o the_o plenty_n of_o herring_n take_v therein_o near_o to_o which_o dwell_v mac-carti_a more_o a_o irish_a nobleman_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 1566._o do_v deliver_v &_o render_v his_o land_n and_o possession_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o elizabeth_n queen_n of_o england_n and_o receive_v they_o again_o from_o she_o to_o hold_v they_o by_o fealty_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o england_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o be_v create_v earl_n at_o glencar_n and_o baron_n of_o valentia_n a_o man_n in_o this_o country_n of_o great_a name_n and_o power_n and_o a_o enemy_n heretofore_o to_o the_o girald_n who_o deprive_v his_o ancestor_n be_v heretofore_o as_o he_o contend_v the_o lawful_a king_n of_o desmond_n of_o their_o ancient_a right_n for_o these_o girald_n or_o fitz-giralds_a be_v descend_v from_o the_o house_n of_o kildare_n and_o have_v conquer_v the_o irish_a do_v here_o get_v themselves_o large_a possession_n and_o of_o these_o girald_n maurice_n fitz-thomas_n be_v create_v by_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o five_o table_n of_o ireland_n hiberniae_fw-la v._o tabula_fw-la the_o first_o earl_n of_o desmond_n in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1355_o &_o leave_v so_o firm_a &_o so_o establish_v a_o inheritance_n that_o the_o aforesaid_a honour_n in_o a_o continue_a succession_n do_v descend_v to_o this_o wretched_a rebel_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v before_o who_o be_v the_o ten_o earl_n after_o he_o next_o to_o the_o iberni_n dwell_v the_o vdiae_fw-la who_o be_v also_o call_v vodiae_n of_o which_o name_v there_o remain_v some_o token_n in_o the_o country_n of_o kilkenni_n for_o the_o great_a part_n be_v call_v idou_n &_o idouth_n these_o do_v inhabit_v the_o county_n of_o cork_n triperarie_a linrick_n kilkenni_n and_o waterford_n in_o the_o county_n of_o triperarie_a there_o be_v nothing_o worthy_a of_o memory_n but_o that_o there_o be_v a_o palatinate_n in_o it_o and_o the_o little_a town_n call_v holy_a cross_n that_o have_v great_a immunity_n and_o freedom_n grant_v as_o the_o monk_n have_v persuade_v they_o in_o honour_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o our_o saviour_n cross_n which_o be_v keep_v there_o town_n the_o famous_a river_n suirus_fw-la which_o the_o inhabitant_n call_v shower_n be_v carry_v out_o of_o this_o country_n of_o triperarie_a into_o kilkenni_n this_o river_n run_v out_o of_o the_o mountain_n blada_n through_o ossiria_n the_o low_a of_o which_o the_o butler_n be_v style_v earl_n and_o afterward_o thurles_n of_o which_o they_o be_v style_v viscount_n first_o pass_v by_o the_o city_n cassilia_n or_o cassel_n adorn_v by_o pope_n eugenius_n with_o a_o archbishop_n under_o who_o be_v nine_o suffragan_n bishop_n and_o from_o thence_o grow_a big_a by_o the_o receipt_n of_o two_o other_o river_n into_o it_o near_o waterford_n it_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o ocean_n hitherto_o i_o have_v run_v over_o this_o part_n of_o ireland_n with_o camden_n now_o it_o remain_v to_o unfold_v some_o thing_n concern_v the_o city_n and_o town_n in_o the_o same_o among_o they_o the_o first_o that_o offer_v itself_o be_v porthlargy_n waterford_n which_o be_v the_o second_o city_n in_o ireland_n and_o always_o faithful_a and_o obedient_a to_o the_o english_a government_n for_o after_o richard_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n conquer_v and_o take_v it_o it_o always_o continue_a in_o peaceable_a quietness_n and_o obedience_n to_o the_o english_a endeavour_v to_o bring_v ireland_n into_o subjection_n whence_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v grant_v they_o many_o and_o divers_a immunity_n and_o freedom_n which_o henry_n the_o seven_o do_v increase_v and_o confirm_v because_o the_o citizen_n do_v behave_v themselves_o valiant_o and_o wise_o against_o perkin_n warbeck_n who_o with_o the_o wing_n of_o impudence_n think_v to_o aspire_v to_o the_o royal_a throne_n
three_o palatinate_n be_v the_o minscensian_a wherein_o be_v the_o city_n minsko_fw-mi and_o the_o castle_n â—â—â—lanaw_fw-mi also_o radoscowice_n borissow_n lawisko_n or_o liwsko_n swisloâ—z_n bobreisko_n and_o odruck_v the_o four_o palatinate_n be_v the_o novogrodian_a in_o which_o be_v novogrodeck_n a_o large_a city_n and_o build_v of_o wood_n also_o slonim_n wolkowiâ—z_n and_o many_o other_o town_n the_o five_o palatinate_n be_v the_o briestian_a so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n briesti_n be_v large_a and_o build_v of_o wood_n and_o here_o be_v the_o city_n of_o pinsko_n the_o sixth_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o volhinia_n in_o which_o be_v luezko_n the_o seat_n of_o a_o bishop_n also_o voladamire_n and_o kerzemenesia_n the_o seven_o palatinate_n be_v kiovia_n in_o which_o there_o be_v heretofore_o a_o large_a and_o ancient_a city_n of_o the_o same_o name_n seat_v by_o the_o river_n boristhenes_n as_o the_o ruin_n which_o lie_v six_o mile_n in_o length_n do_v easy_o demonstrate_v there_o be_v also_o the_o town_n circasia_n or_o kerkew_n kamova_n and_o moser_n the_o eight_o be_v the_o palatinate_n of_o miceslow_n near_o to_o the_o river_n sosa_fw-la and_o borysthenes_n in_o the_o border_n of_o moscovie_n wherein_o be_v the_o town_n of_o miceslaw_n dubrowna_n 〈◊〉_d and_o sklow_n beside_o mohilow_n byâ—how_v â—â—czycza_fw-it and_o strissin_n with_o their_o castle_n the_o nine_o palatinate_n be_v the_o witebscian_a in_o which_o be_v the_o city_n witebsk_v situate_v by_o the_o river_n duna_n and_o orsa_n near_o borysthenes_n the_o ten_o palatinate_n be_v the_o polocensian_a which_o be_v so_o call_v from_o poloteska_n a_o city_n lie_v near_o to_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o river_n polota_n and_o duna_n between_o witsbek_n and_o livonia_n there_o be_v also_o the_o town_n disna_n drissa_n and_o drâ—â—â—a_n with_o their_o castle_n these_o thing_n be_v explain_v let_v we_o speak_v something_o of_o the_o river_n of_o lithuania_n on_o the_o east_n side_n lithuania_n be_v bound_v with_o the_o river_n oscol_n râ—â—eâ—s_n ingra_n and_o the_o lesser_a tanais_n all_o which_o with_o many_o other_o do_v run_v into_o great_a tanais_n there_o be_v also_o in_o lithuania_n the_o river_n borysthenes_n which_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o plain_a marish_a ground_n and_o run_v through_o russia_n do_v vent_v itself_o at_o last_o into_o the_o euxine_a sea_n and_o the_o river_n wilia_n and_o niemen_n the_o latter_a whereof_o run_v a_o great_a way_n with_o a_o very_a crooked_a wind_a stream_n and_o at_o last_o disburthen_n itself_o into_o the_o prutenick_n or_o finish_v sea_n also_o duina_n and_o other_o river_n beside_o lake_n and_o stand_v water_n of_o which_o the_o country_n be_v full_a and_o all_o these_o do_v afford_v great_a plenty_n of_o fish_n which_o be_v very_o delectable_a &_o pleasant_a in_o taste_n moreover_o the_o country_n be_v cover_v with_o very_o great_a and_o spacious_a wood_n sigismond_n that_o happy_a and_o auspicious_a king_n of_o poland_n wood_n do_v unite_v the_o palatine_n and_o castellan_n of_o the_o province_n of_o lithuania_n into_o one_o body_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n with_o the_o polander_n and_o do_v design_n a_o certain_a place_n and_o order_n in_o the_o senate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n senator_n to_o all_o the_o noble_a man_n bishop_n and_o palatine_n of_o this_o country_n so_o that_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o province_n unite_v unto_o it_o there_o be_v in_o the_o senate_n fifteen_o bishop_n one_o and_o thirty_o palatine_n thirty_o of_o the_o great_a castellan_n or_o governor_n of_o castle_n and_o fifty_o of_o the_o less_o beside_o those_o who_o be_v call_v the_o official_o of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o the_o marshal_n the_o chancellor_n the_o vicechancellor_n and_o the_o treasurer_n of_o which_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o the_o description_n of_o poland_n manner_n marriage_n among_o the_o lithuanian_n be_v easy_o dissolve_v by_o mutual_a consent_n and_o they_o marry_v again_o and_o again_o the_o wife_n have_v open_o men-concubine_n by_o their_o husband_n permission_n who_o they_o call_v connubij_fw-la adjutores_fw-la i_o helper_n in_o marriage_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a for_o man_n to_o follow_v whore_n be_v count_v a_o reproach_n when_o any_o one_o be_v condemn_v to_o die_v he_o be_v command_v to_o punish_v himself_o and_o to_o hang_v himself_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n which_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o do_v he_o be_v threaten_v and_o beat_v with_o stripe_n until_o he_o kill_v himself_o their_o flock_n do_v afford_v they_o great_a store_n of_o milk_n for_o their_o food_n the_o common_a bread_n which_o they_o use_v be_v very_o black_a food_n be_v make_v of_o rye_n or_o barley_n together_o with_o the_o bran_n but_o the_o rich_a man_n bread_n be_v very_o white_a be_v bake_v and_o make_v of_o pure_a wheat_n they_o seldom_o use_v any_o wine_n for_o the_o common_a people_n drink_v water_n and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o ability_n drink_v ale_n which_o they_o brew_v of_o divers_a sort_n of_o corn_n as_o wheat_n rye_n barley_n oates_n and_o millet_n but_o such_o as_o be_v unsavoury_a they_o have_v abundance_n of_o thick_a and_o thin_a mede_n boil_a in_o divers_a manner_n and_o with_o it_o they_o make_v themselves_o merry_a and_o oftentimes_o drink_v lithuania_n seem_v almost_o to_o be_v inaccessible_a as_o be_v almost_o all_o overflow_v with_o water_n but_o in_o winter_n there_o be_v more_o convenient_a traffic_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o the_o way_n be_v make_v passable_a for_o merchant_n the_o lake_n and_o stand_a water_n be_v freeze_v over_o with_o you_o and_o spread_v over_o with_o snow_n their_o chief_a wealth_n be_v the_o skin_n of_o beast_n as_o of_o weesill_n fox_n and_o those_o which_o be_v more_o precious_a as_o martens_n and_o scythian_a weesill_n commodity_n of_o these_o they_o make_v a_o great_a profit_n as_o also_o of_o their_o wax_n honey_n ash_n and_o pitch_n the_o best_a wainscot_n be_v cut_v here_o and_o bring_v into_o germany_n through_o the_o balthick_n and_o german_n sea_n and_o out_o of_o this_o country_n all_o wooden_a architecture_n both_o public_a and_o private_a through_o all_o germany_n and_o the_o low_a country_n be_v make_v as_o also_o for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o wooden_a housholdstuffe_n as_o belong_v to_o house_n but_o enough_o of_o luthuania_n we_o will_v now_o add_v something_o concern_v the_o rest_n there_o follow_v in_o our_o title_n samogitia_n which_o in_o their_o language_n signify_v the_o low_a land_n the_o russian_n call_v it_o samotzekasemla_n name_n it_o be_v a_o northern_a country_n and_o very_o large_a be_v next_o to_o lithuania_n and_o environ_v with_o wood_n and_o rivers_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v livonia_n on_o the_o west_n it_o be_v wash_v with_o the_o balthick_n or_o german_a sea_n which_o be_v proper_o call_v the_o balthick_n bay_fw-mi and_o towards_o the_o northwest_o borussia_n join_v unto_o it_o it_o abound_v with_o the_o best_a white_a soil_n and_o pure_a honey_n which_o be_v find_v in_o every_o hollow_a tree_n it_o have_v no_o town_n nor_o castle_n manner_n the_o noble_n live_v in_o lodge_n the_o country_n people_n in_o cottage_n the_o people_n of_o this_o country_n be_v of_o a_o great_a and_o large_a stature_n food_n rude_a in_o behaviour_n living_n spare_o drink_v water_n and_o seldom_o any_o drink_n or_o mede_n they_o know_v not_o until_o of_o late_a the_o use_n of_o gold_n brass_n iron_n or_o wine_n it_o be_v lawful_a with_o they_o for_o one_o man_n to_o have_v many_o wife_n and_o their_o father_n be_v dead_a to_o marry_v their_o stepmother_n or_o the_o brother_n be_v dead_a to_o marry_v his_o wife_n the_o nation_n be_v much_o incline_v to_o fortune_n tell_v and_o southsay_v the_o god_n which_o they_o chief_o adore_v in_o samogitia_n be_v the_o fire_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v holy_a and_o everlasting_a and_o therefore_o on_o the_o top_n of_o some_o high_a mountain_n the_o priest_n do_v continual_o cherish_v and_o keep_v it_o in_o by_o put_v wood_n unto_o it_o in_o the_o three_o place_n be_v russia_n russia_n by_o which_o name_n in_o this_o place_n we_o understand_v the_o southern_a or_o blacke-russia_n who_o chief_a country_n be_v leopolis_n or_o lemburg_n build_v by_o leo_n a_o moscovite_n it_o be_v famous_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o mart_n keep_v there_o and_o the_o bishop_n seat_n leopolis_n beside_o the_o country_n of_o leopolis_n there_o be_v three_o other_o in_o this_o russia_n to_o wit_n the_o country_n of_o halycz_n belz_n and_o praemislia_n in_o the_o four_o place_n be_v volhinia_n volhinia_n which_o be_v situate_a between_o lithuania_n podolia_n and_o russia_n soil_n it_o abound_v with_o fruit_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v strong_a and_o warlike_a and_o do_v use_v the_o ruthenian_a language_n this_o country_n do_v pertain_v once_o to_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o lithuania_n but_o now_o it_o be_v join_v to_o the_o kingdom_n
counsellor_n do_v judge_v of_o capital_a matter_n as_o murder_v and_o theft_n in_o declare_v whereof_o they_o need_v no_o lawyer_n neither_o do_v they_o use_v the_o subtlety_n thereof_o nor_o excuse_n or_o prolong_v matter_n by_o delay_n for_o the_o mean_a of_o the_o tartarian_n or_o stranger_n do_v free_o declare_v their_o own_o wrong_n and_o grievance_n before_o the_o judge_n and_o the_o chan_n himself_o by_o who_o they_o be_v quick_o hear_v and_o dispatch_v they_o instruct_v their_o son_n when_o they_o be_v child_n in_o the_o arabic_a language_n they_o do_v not_o keep_v their_o daughter_n at_o home_n but_o deliver_v they_o to_o some_o of_o their_o kindred_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o when_o their_o son_n come_v to_o ripeness_n of_o year_n they_o serve_v the_o chan_n or_o the_o sultan_n &_o when_o their_o daughter_n be_v marriageable_a they_o marry_v they_o to_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a tartar_n or_o turk_n the_o best_a of_o the_o tartar_n in_o the_o prince_n court_n go_v civil_o and_o decent_o in_o their_o apparel_n not_o for_o ostentation_n or_o pride_n but_o according_a as_o necessity_n and_o decency_n require_v when_o the_o chan_n go_v abroad_o in_o public_a the_o poor_a man_n may_v have_v access_n unto_o he_o who_o when_o he_o see_v they_o do_v examine_v they_o what_o their_o want_n &_o necessity_n be_v &_o whence_o they_o do_v arise_v the_o tartarian_n be_v very_o obedient_a to_o the_o law_n and_o they_o adore_v &_o reverence_v their_o prince_n like_o go_n their_o judge_n according_a to_o mahomet_n law_n be_v account_v spiritual_a man_n and_o of_o undoubted_a equity_n integrity_n and_o faithfulness_n they_o be_v not_o give_v to_o controversy_n lawsuit_n private_a discord_n envy_n hatred_n manner_n or_o to_o any_o wanton_a excess_n either_o in_o diet_n or_o apparel_n in_o the_o prince_n court_n none_o wear_v sword_n bowes_n or_o other_o weapon_n except_o it_o be_v traveller_n or_o stranger_n that_o be_v go_v on_o some_o journey_n to_o who_o they_o be_v very_o kind_a and_o hospitable_a the_o chief_a man_n eat_v bread_n and_o flesh_n drink_v also_o burn_v wine_n and_o metheglin_n food_n but_o the_o country_n people_n want_v bread_n use_v instead_o thereof_o ground_n millet_n temper_v with_o milk_n and_o water_n which_o they_o common_o call_v cassa_fw-mi they_o use_v cheese_n instead_o of_o meat_n and_o their_o drink_n be_v mare_n milk_n they_o kill_v also_o for_o their_o food_n camel_n horse_n and_o ox_n when_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o die_v or_o be_v grow_v unserviceable_a and_o they_o often_o feed_v on_o the_o flesh_n of_o sheep_n few_o of_o they_o do_v use_v mechanic_n art_n in_o the_o city_n and_o town_n few_o do_v use_v merchandize_v and_o those_o artificer_n or_o merchant_n that_o be_v find_v there_o traffic_n be_v either_o slave_n to_o the_o christian_n or_o else_o they_o be_v turk_n armenian_n jew_n cercesians_n petigorians_n who_o be_v christian_n philistine_n or_o cynganians_n all_o man_n of_o the_o low_a rank_n but_o let_v this_o which_o have_v be_v speak_v suffice_v concern_v the_o taurick_n chersonesus_n and_o the_o northern_a country_n let_v we_o pass_v to_o the_o description_n of_o spain_n which_o we_o have_v place_v next_o and_o take_v a_o view_n thereof_o the_o description_n of_o spain_n spain_n be_v a_o chief_a country_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o continent_n it_o be_v so_o call_v as_o justine_n note_v from_o king_n hispanus_n call_v some_o will_v have_v it_o so_o call_v from_o hispalis_n a_o famous_a city_n which_o be_v now_o call_v sevill_n but_o abraham_n ortelius_n a_o man_n very_o painful_a in_o the_o study_n of_o geography_n when_o he_o have_v read_v in_o the_o author_n that_o treat_v of_o river_n and_o mountain_n follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o sosthenes_n in_o his_o three_o book_n that_o iberia_n now_o call_v georgia_n a_o country_n of_o asia_n be_v heretofore_o call_v pania_fw-la from_o panus_n who_o dionysius_n have_v conquer_v the_o country_n make_v governor_n over_o the_o iberian_o and_o that_o from_o thence_o modern_a writer_n do_v call_v it_o spain_n moreover_o when_o he_o have_v observe_v that_o almost_o all_o writer_n do_v derive_v the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o spain_n from_o iberia_n he_o be_v induce_v to_o believe_v that_o the_o country_n be_v so_o call_v rather_o from_o that_o spain_n than_o from_o hispanus_n or_o hispalis_n this_o opinion_n be_v the_o more_o probable_a for_o that_o saint_n paul_n do_v call_v this_o country_n spania_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o roman_n situation_n chap._n 15._o verse_n 28._o as_o do_v also_o saint_n jerome_n and_o many_o other_o thereof_o but_o that_o which_o the_o latin_a writer_n call_v hispania_n and_o ptolemie_n stephanus_n and_o other_o do_v call_v ispania_n leave_v out_o the_o aspiration_n strabo_n pliny_n and_o other_o do_v testify_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n it_o be_v call_v iberia_n and_o hesperia_n it_o be_v call_v iberia_n from_o iberia_n a_o country_n of_o asia_n magrib_n from_o whence_o many_o do_v derive_v the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o spain_n though_o some_o do_v fetch_v the_o word_n iberia_n from_o king_n iberus_n other_o from_o the_o river_n iberus_n and_o avienus_n from_o ibera_n a_o town_n in_o baetica_n or_o andaluzia_n some_o report_n that_o it_o be_v call_v hesperia_n from_o hesperus_n the_o brother_n of_o atlas_n or_o as_o horace_n think_v from_o hesperia_n the_o daughter_n of_o hesperus_n or_o rather_o from_o hesperus_n the_o evening-star_n under_o which_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v situate_v because_o it_o be_v the_o far_a country_n westward_o of_o the_o whole_a continent_n of_o europe_n and_o see_v italy_n may_v have_v the_o same_o name_n horace_n call_v this_o hesperia_n ultima_fw-la appian_n report_v that_o it_o be_v heretofore_o call_v celtiberia_n which_o yet_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v think_v a_o part_n of_o spain_n heretofore_o call_v celtica_n as_o varro_n witness_v gulielmus_fw-la postellus_fw-la and_o arias_n montanus_n in_o his_o commentary_n upon_o obadiah_n do_v note_n that_o the_o hebrew_n do_v call_v it_o sepharad_n and_o so_o much_o concern_v the_o name_n the_o quantity_n and_o quality_n follow_v the_o quantity_n do_v consist_v in_o the_o bound_n and_o circuit_n thereof_o balâ—ares_v and_o in_o the_o form_n and_o figure_n which_o arise_v from_o thence_o concern_v the_o bound_n of_o spain_n the_o ocean_n do_v wash_v two_o side_n thereof_o the_o north_n side_n the_o cantabrian_a ocean_n and_o the_o west_n the_o atlantic_a the_o iberian_n or_o balearicke_n sea_n do_v beat_v on_o the_o south_n side_n where_o be_v the_o bay_n of_o hercules_n and_o on_o the_o east_n it_o have_v the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n run_v along_o with_o one_o continue_a ridge_n from_o the_o ocean_n where_o stand_v flaviobriga_n at_o this_o day_n call_v funtarabia_n even_o to_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o they_o make_v two_o famous_a promontory_n the_o one_o call_v idanuâ—_n olarso_n which_o shoot_v out_o into_o the_o ocean_n the_o other_o which_o take_v its_o name_n heretofore_o from_o the_o temple_n of_o venus_n but_o now_o call_v cape_n de_fw-fr creus_n do_v jet_n out_o into_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n the_o utmost_a length_n of_o spain_n be_v 200_o spanish_a mile_n the_o breadth_n where_o it_o be_v broad_o be_v 140_o mile_n and_o where_o it_o be_v narrow_a it_o be_v 60._o johannes_n vasaeus_n in_o his_o chronicle_n of_o spain_n do_v report_n that_o spain_n be_v so_o narrow_a at_o the_o pyrenaean_a hill_n that_o when_o he_o travel_v over_o they_o on_o the_o mountain_n of_o saint_n adrian_n he_o see_v the_o sea_n on_o either_o side_n namely_o the_o ocean_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o he_o and_o a_o far_o of_o as_o far_o as_o he_o can_v see_v he_o discern_v the_o white_a wave_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n they_o suppose_v that_o the_o whole_a compass_n thereof_o be_v 2480_o mile_n ptolemy_n strabo_n and_o other_o do_v compare_n spain_n to_o a_o oxhide_n stretch_v out_o on_o the_o ground_n the_o neck_n whereof_o be_v extend_v towards_o france_n which_o cleave_v unto_o it_o the_o neck_n i_o say_v which_o reach_v in_o breadth_n as_o far_o as_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n from_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n to_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o fore_a part_n of_o it_o be_v stretch_v from_o new_a carthage_n even_o to_o the_o cantabrian_o and_o the_o hinder_a part_n from_o hercules_n bay_n to_o gallicia_n and_o the_o british_a sea_n that_o which_o represent_v the_o tail_n of_o the_o hide_n be_v the_o europe_n holy_a promontory_n call_v at_o this_o day_n saint_n vincents_n promontory_n which_o stretch_v itself_o out_o into_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n far_o beyond_o any_o other_o part_n of_o spain_n spain_n be_v under_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o four_o all_o the_o five_o and_o part_n of_o the_o sixth_o climate_n where_o there_o be_v a_o excellent_a temper_n for_o the_o produce_v of_o all_o thing_n for_o it_o
note_v that_o the_o frenchman_n when_o any_o matter_n of_o note_n happen_v be_v wont_a by_o a_o speedy_a way_n to_o notify_v it_o unto_o the_o country_n round_o about_o and_o that_o be_v by_o acclamation_n and_o shout_v with_o the_o voice_n for_o from_o they_o the_o other_o receive_v it_o and_o they_o again_o by_o the_o same_o mean_n make_v it_o know_v to_o their_o neighbour_n they_o do_v not_o suffer_v their_o child_n say_v caesar_n when_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o ripeness_n of_o year_n to_o come_v unto_o they_o open_o because_o they_o shall_v not_o neglect_v the_o service_n of_o the_o war_n and_o they_o think_v it_o a_o unseemly_a thing_n for_o the_o son_n in_o his_o childhood_n to_o sit_v in_o public_a in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o father_n the_o man_n do_v make_v their_o wife_n a_o dowry_n according_a to_o the_o portion_n which_o they_o receive_v with_o they_o both_o which_o be_v put_v into_o one_o stock_n so_o as_o that_o which_o arise_v from_o it_o be_v keep_v to_o their_o use_n and_o which_o soever_o of_o the_o party_n do_v outlive_v the_o other_o he_o or_o she_o have_v both_o part_n with_o the_o use_n and_o profit_n which_o have_v arisen_a from_o thence_o the_o french_a woman_n be_v beautiful_a and_o like_a man_n for_o strength_n and_o stature_n as_o diodorus_n say_v they_o be_v fruitful_a and_o when_o they_o bring_v forth_o child_n they_o give_v they_o good_a education_n servitude_n be_v usual_a in_o france_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o caesar_n say_v lib._n 6._o that_o the_o most_o of_o they_o when_o they_o be_v oppress_v either_o with_o debt_n or_o by_o great_a tax_n or_o by_o the_o power_n of_o great_a man_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o service_n of_o nobleman_n who_o have_v as_o much_o power_n over_o they_o as_o master_n have_v over_o their_o servant_n yet_o they_o use_v they_o with_o more_o humanity_n and_o courtesy_n than_o the_o roman_n do_v for_o the_o french_a lord_n have_v these_o servant_n or_o as_o 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the_o power_n of_o the_o briton_n be_v that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n grant_v this_o country_n of_o the_o conquest_n whereof_o they_o despair_v to_o the_o norman_n as_o be_v more_o accustom_v to_o war_n to_o subdue_v and_o conquer_v it_o government_n neither_o do_v this_o counsel_n want_v good_a success_n for_o the_o fierceness_n of_o the_o briton_n be_v take_v off_o by_o the_o norman_n sword_n and_o so_o it_o become_v to_o be_v obedient_a to_o they_o whereas_o it_o be_v subject_a before_o to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n afterward_o it_o have_v duke_n of_o its_o own_o the_o last_o of_o they_o be_v duke_n francis_n who_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1490_o leave_v one_o only_a daughter_n to_o be_v the_o inheritrix_n thereof_o she_o be_v betroth_v to_o maximilian_n archduke_n of_o austria_n and_o king_n of_o the_o roman_n pass_v through_o france_n be_v take_v away_o by_o
and_o fruitful_a river_n the_o city_n of_o brye_n be_v castellum_n theodorici_n jatinum_n medorum_n or_o meldarum_fw-la now_o call_v meaulx_n provinse_n and_o other_o castellum_n theoderick_n common_o call_v chasteau_n thierry_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o country_n of_o brye_n have_v a_o bailie_n and_o precedent_n in_o it_o it_o have_v also_o a_o bishop_n seat_n of_o which_o belleforrestius_n reckon_v 101._o bishop_n the_o last_o of_o which_o number_n be_v ludovicus_n bresius_n provinsy_n a_o town_n famous_a for_o the_o sweet_a red_a rose_n that_o be_v in_o it_o and_o for_o the_o rose-cake_n and_o rose-water_n which_o be_v make_v of_o they_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n here_o be_v some_o ruinous_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n and_o so_o much_o shall_v suffice_v concern_v campania_n the_o country_n of_o bellovacum_fw-la common_o call_v beawais_n or_o beawoisin_n the_o state_n ecclesiastic_a the_o bishop_n of_o bellovacum_fw-la be_v a_o spiritval_n and_o temporal_a lord_n a_o earl_n and_o peer_n of_o france_n the_o country_n of_o bellovacum_n the_o country_n or_o county_n of_o bellovacum_n call_v call_v in_o french_a con_n té_fw-fr de_fw-fr beanvais_fw-fr or_o beauvoisin_n do_v receive_v that_o appellation_n by_o name_n from_o the_o metropolis_n or_o chief_a city_n bellovacum_n it_o be_v a_o pleasant_a country_n have_v hill_n and_o mountain_n round_o about_o it_o not_o very_o high_a fertility_n plant_v with_o vine_n here_o also_o meadow_n and_o there_o pasture_n and_o field_n fit_a for_o tillage_n beauvois_n have_v a_o thin_a subtle_a kind_n of_o earth_n find_v in_o it_o of_o which_o divers_a kind_n of_o vessel_n be_v make_v and_o transport_v into_o many_o country_n and_o it_o be_v famous_a for_o the_o flax_n which_o grow_v at_o a_o little_a town_n common_o call_v rule_n for_o those_o of_o flanders_n and_o hannonia_n or_o henegou_n do_v buy_v it_o and_o do_v make_v fine_a web_n of_o cloth_n of_o it_o which_o they_o sell_v at_o home_n and_o transport_v 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among_o the_o rest_n they_o do_v that_o corbeus_n who_o albeit_o his_o army_n of_o citizen_n be_v overcome_v yet_o no_o calamity_n can_v make_v he_o leave_v the_o field_n retire_v to_o the_o wood_n or_o yield_v himself_o upon_o any_o condition_n offer_v to_o he_o by_o the_o roman_n but_o sight_v valiant_o and_o wound_v many_o he_o do_v enforce_v the_o enrage_a conqueror_n to_o cast_v their_o dart_n at_o he_o caesar_n also_o do_v mention_v the_o senate_n of_o the_o bellovacians_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o common_a people_n whence_o that_o excuse_n of_o the_o bellovacian_a senate_n to_o caesar_n that_o while_o corbaeus_n live_v the_o senate_n can_v not_o do_v so_o much_o in_o the_o city_n as_o the_o unskilful_a multitude_n but_o although_o the_o bellovacians_n in_o caesar_n time_n have_v a_o great_a opinion_n for_o their_o courage_n and_o fortitude_n yet_o at_o length_n be_v overcome_v they_o yield_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o they_o until_o the_o frenchman_n pass_v over_o the_o rhine_n possess_fw-fr france_n the_o husbandman_n of_o this_o country_n in_o king_n john_n time_n do_v stir_v up_o a_o sedition_n which_o be_v common_o call_v laquerte_a and_o they_o especial_o aim_v at_o the_o noble_n of_o who_o they_o slay_v many_o and_o pull_v down_o their_o house_n at_o length_n charles_n the_o dolphin_n of_o france_n who_o be_v afterward_o king_n and_o surname_v the_o wise_a the_o king_n of_o navarre_n the_o duke_n of_o bourbon_n and_o other_o prince_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a do_v quiet_a this_o sedition_n as_o know_v what_o will_v be_v the_o event_n of_o it_o and_o what_o trouble_n will_v spring_v there_o from_o if_o it_o be_v not_o extinguish_v in_o time_n the_o metropolis_n or_o mother_n city_n of_o this_o country_n be_v bellovacum_n cry_v common_o call_v beauvois_n guicciardine_n endeavore_v to_o prove_v by_o many_o reason_n that_o this_o bellovacum_n be_v that_o belgium_n which_o caesar_n mention_v in_o his_o commentary_n when_o he_o say_v that_o he_o winter_a part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o belgium_n and_o add_v withal_o that_o it_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o most_o valiant_a bellovacians_n for_o he_o say_v that_o caesar_n mean_v by_o this_o name_n belgium_n not_o a_o whole_a province_n but_o a_o city_n or_o some_o other_o particular_a place_n they_o faboulous_o report_v that_o belgius_n a_o king_n of_o france_n the_o son_n of_o lugdus_n do_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o this_o city_n and_o of_o the_o city_n lugdurum_n a_o long_a time_n before_o the_o build_n of_o troy_n and_o call_v it_o belgium_n whence_o gallia_n belgica_n have_v its_o denomination_n it_o be_v a_o ancient_a famous_a city_n as_o have_v beside_o a_o bishopric_n a_o earl_n who_o be_v one_o of_o the_o twelve_o peer_n of_o france_n and_o there_o be_v also_o divers_a monument_n find_v in_o it_o which_o do_v witness_v that_o it_o be_v once_o a_o great_a rich_a and_o populous_a city_n it_o have_v a_o excellent_a situation_n and_o be_v fortify_v with_o wall_n and_o tower_n entrench_v with_o broad_a deep_a ditch_n well_o furnish_v with_o ordnance_n as_o also_o adorn_v with_o fair_a church_n the_o chief_a church_n whereof_o be_v the_o cathedral_n church_n consecrate_v to_o s._n peter_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o fair_a church_n in_o france_n and_o in_o which_o they_o report_v that_o the_o bone_n of_o justin_n martyr_n eurotus_n and_o germerus_n be_v keep_v the_o bishop_n of_o bellovacum_n do_v write_v themselves_o earl_n and_o peer_n of_o france_n the_o first_o of_o they_o be_v s._n lucian_n after_o who_o succeed_v 84._o bishop_n who_o belleforrestius_n do_v reckon_v up_o and_o make_v charles_n of_o bourbon_n the_o last_o of_o they_o bellovacum_n be_v govern_v by_o a_o mayor_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o merchant_n of_o paris_n by_o a_o proefect_n and_o also_o by_o twelve_o peer_n who_o be_v as_o so_o many_o consul_n be_v annual_a magistrate_n and_o elect_v by_o the_o people_n as_o the_o magistrate_n of_o rome_n be_v usual_o choose_v this_o city_n be_v rich_a by_o clothing_n and_o gain_v this_o honour_n to_o itself_o that_o the_o fair_a and_o best_a carpet_n in_o all_o france_n be_v make_v therein_o a_o nation_n counsel_n be_v here_o hold_v and_o keep_v in_o the_o year_n 1114._o here_o be_v bear_v the_o great_a historian_n vincentius_n a_o doctor_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o the_o dominican_n who_o live_v in_o the_o year_n 840._o in_o this_o city_n be_v also_o bear_v guilielmus_fw-la durandus_fw-la who_o be_v the_o country_n of_o bellovacum_fw-la belovacium_fw-la comitatus_fw-la first_o here_o a_o canon_n afterward_o deane_n of_o chartes_n and_o last_o of_o all_o bishop_n of_o man_v he_o live_v in_o the_o year_n 1286._o there_o be_v the_o place_n of_o johannes_n choletus_n his_o nativity_n who_o found_v a_o college_n at_o paris_n common_o call_v le_fw-fr college_n des_fw-fr cholet_n and_o be_v a_o cardinal_n though_o of_o mean_a birth_n and_o last_o here_o be_v bear_v johannâ—s_a michael_n bishop_n of_o angiers_n who_o in_o anjou_n they_o esteem_v as_o a_o saint_n this_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o this_o territory_n of_o beavais_n that_o 11._o or_o 12_o mile_n round_o about_o this_o city_n there_o be_v so_o many_o town_n and_o village_n and_o those_o so_o near_o one_o to_o another_o that_o none_o of_o they_o be_v above_o a_o mile_n distant_a this_o city_n be_v exchange_v for_o the_o county_n of_o sancerrane_n which_o roger_n bishop_n of_o bellavaâ—nm_n surrender_v up_o to_o eudon_n earl_n of_o campania_n for_o the_o county_n of_o bellovacum_n the_o good_n land_n and_o dominion_n whereof_o he_o join_v to_o his_o bishopric_n the_o country_n of_o bellovacum_n contain_v clermont_n not_o far_o from_o bellovacum_n which_o be_v a_o county_n and_o appertain_v to_o the_o royal_a house_n of_o bourbon_n charles_n duke_n of_o bourbon_n have_v by_o his_o wife_n agres_n daughter_n to_o john_n duke_n of_o
afterward_o it_o become_v the_o seat_n of_o a_o archbishop_n on_o which_o these_o bishopric_n do_v depend_v santonensis_n pictaviensis_n lussonensis_n mallacensis_n petragoricensis_n serlacensit_fw-la condomiensis_fw-la agimensis_n and_o as_o this_o city_n be_v large_a so_o it_o be_v beautify_v with_o divers_a church_n for_o there_o be_v two_o collegiate_n church_n one_o of_o which_o be_v metropolitan_a 12._o parish_n church_n 8._o friary_n one_o nunnery_n and_o a_o college_n of_o jesuit_n there_o be_v a_o fair_a churchyard_n of_o s._n severine_n without_o jupiters_n gate_n near_o the_o amphitheatre_n which_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v see_v both_o because_o it_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o rest_n in_o which_o s._n amandus_n and_o s_o severinus_n be_v bury_v and_o divers_a other_o monument_n be_v show_v and_o also_o because_o there_o hollow_a stone_n lay_v on_o sepulcher_n which_o be_v full_a of_o water_n or_o empty_a according_a to_o the_o increase_n or_o decrease_v of_o the_o 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man_n and_o a_o light_n to_o his_o country_n this_o university_n have_v many_o privilege_n honour_n and_o liberty_n grant_v unto_o it_o by_o the_o prince_n of_o aquitaine_n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n and_o at_o last_o it_o be_v beautify_v by_o the_o aquitaine_n college_n from_o whence_o many_o learned_a man_n as_o light_n of_o france_n have_v successive_o come_v forth_o but_o let_v we_o speak_v somewhat_o of_o the_o parliament_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o justice_n in_o france_n whither_o the_o burdigalians_n the_o valatensians_n the_o aginnensians_n the_o condomiensians_n the_o armeniacensians_n the_o cardurcians_n the_o lenâ—ovicensians_n the_o petrocorensians_n the_o angelismensians_n the_o santon_n and_o ruxellensians_n have_v recourse_n by_o way_n of_o suit_n but_o afterward_o the_o province_n of_o armenium_n of_o santome_n of_o ruxelles_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o cadurcium_n do_v withdraw_v themselves_o and_o come_v to_o the_o 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receive_v the_o citizen_n iâ—_n to_o â—avour_n here_o the_o perfect_a of_o the_o province_n of_o aquiâ—aine_n have_v his_o 〈◊〉_d who_o be_v call_v the_o marshal_n and_o also_o the_o admiral_n there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o city_n a_o college_n of_o qâ—estors_n or_o auditor_n of_o account_n the_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o bordeaux_n as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n begin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 117â—_n grant_v that_o the_o citizen_n shall_v free_o decree_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o senate_n who_o they_o call_v the_o mayor_n of_o the_o city_n but_o at_o first_o the_o major_n hold_v thâ—ir_a office_n continual_o and_o â—id_v yearly_o choose_v a_o substitute_n out_o of_o the_o swear_a man_n who_o in_o his_o absence_n be_v to_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o college_n of_o swear_a man_n henry_n the_o 2._o do_v change_v this_o custom_n so_o that_o the_o mayor_n office_n shall_v not_o be_v perpetual_a but_o for_o two_o year_n after_o he_o the_o swear_a man_n as_o they_o call_v they_o shall_v succeed_v who_o be_v fifty_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v reduce_v to_o 24_o and_o in_o the_o year_n 1378._o they_o be_v contract_v to_o 12._o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o part_n of_o the_o city_n but_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o be_v six_o and_o those_o to_o rule_v two_o year_n so_o that_o three_o be_v change_v every_o year_n and_o they_o continue_v in_o their_o mairoalty_n for_o two_o whole_a year_n to_o this_o college_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o the_o sworneman_n there_o be_v add_v 30._o chosen_v citizen_n to_o assist_v they_o in_o counsel_n &_o above_o three_o hundred_o more_o be_v add_v if_o a_o matter_n of_o consequence_n be_v handle_v it_o have_v a_o fruitful_a soil_n for_o wine_n which_o be_v transport_v from_o thence_o into_o other_o parr_n of_o europe_n the_o praise_n whereof_o be_v celebrate_v by_o the_o ancient_n as_o also_o pliny_n and_o columâ—lla_n and_o it_o have_v abundance_n of_o all_o other_o necessary_n beside_o it_o have_v convenient_a river_n the_o great_a whereof_o be_v garumna_n and_o dordona_n there_o be_v many_o town_n subject_n to_o burdeau_n as_o these_o near_a to_o the_o sea_n esparâ—um_n or_o caput_fw-la s._n mariae_fw-la in_o which_o place_n ptolemy_n seat_v nevioparrum_n which_o be_v now_o not_o to_o be_v know_v also_o the_o fane_n of_o maâ—arium_n laâ—mâ—nt_n carbonaria_fw-la also_o liburrium_n which_o be_v a_o pretty_a small_a town_n sâ—arcâ—laâ—_n the_o mouth_n of_o dâ—rdona_n and_o other_o but_o it_o be_v most_o famous_a because_o juâ—â—nius_n be_v bear_v here_o who_o celebrate_v the_o praise_n of_o his_o country_n in_o these_o verse_n my_o too_o long_a silence_n i_o do_v now_o condemn_v that_o thou_o o_o country_n fame_v for_o witty_a man_n and_o for_o thy_o pleasant_a river_n and_o thy_o wine_n and_o senate_n be_v not_o here_o among_o the_o prime_n mention_v by_o i_o as_o if_o thou_o be_v a_o small_a city_n and_o do_v deserve_v no_o praise_n at_o all_o burdigala_n be_v my_o native_a country_n where_o the_o mild_a air_n make_v the_o earth_n much_o fruit_n to_o bear_v the_o spring_n be_v long_o the_o winter_n short_a below_o the_o leafy_a mountain_n shadow_v river_n flow_v who_o hasty_a course_n do_v imitate_v the_o sea_n then_o the_o way_n within_o and_o house_n you_o may_v please_v to_o admire_v and_o that_o the_o street_n do_v still_o retain_v though_o they_o be_v large_a and_o broad_a their_o former_a name_n and_o yet_o through_o the_o city_n a_o fresh_a stream_n do_v glide_v which_o when_o the_o ocean_n fill_v with_o his_o tide_n you_o shall_v behold_v when_o as_o the_o sea_n do_v come_v how_o by_o the_o ship_n which_o ride_v there_o it_o do_v run_v the_o county_n of_o pertica_fw-la the_o country_n of_o pertica_n confine_v on_o the_o carnutensians_n and_o depend_v also_o on_o their_o diocese_n and_o have_v be_v a_o long_a time_n a_o famous_a county_n first_o it_o come_v by_o marriage_n to_o the_o family_n of_o the_o druid_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o alenconians_n for_o robert_n a_o french_a man_n earl_n of_o the_o druid_n marry_v the_o widow_n of_o rotrocus_fw-la earl_n of_o pertica_n who_o be_v slay_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o rotomagum_fw-la after_o he_o robert_n alenconius_n the_o son_n of_o charles_n and_o brother_n to_o philip_n valesius_fw-la who_o die_v without_o issue_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o crâ—ssy_n in_o the_o year_n 1346._o be_v earl_n of_o perâ—â—ca_n it_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o low_a which_o be_v call_v peâ—â—tica_n goveti_n be_v as_o it_o be_v insert_v into_o carnutum_fw-la the_o head_n town_n whereof_o be_v nogâ—ntum_n of_o rotrocus_fw-la which_o in_o the_o year_n 1428._o be_v take_v by_o the_o earl_n rf_n salisbury_n a_o englsh_a man_n and_o all_o that_o be_v find_v in_o it_o be_v hang_v but_o afterward_o in_o the_o year_n 1449._o charles_n the_o 7._o recover_v it_o again_o this_o town_n be_v call_v nâ—gentum_n
elve_n and_o elbe_n do_v signify_v in_o the_o german_a language_n eleven_o the_o seven_o river_n be_v suevus_n which_o some_o do_v call_v vtadrum_n and_o corrupt_o it_o be_v call_v odera_n the_o spring_n head_n whereof_o be_v in_o the_o mountain_n oderberg_n and_o so_o be_v increase_v by_o the_o addition_n of_o many_o river_n it_o glide_v by_o frankford_n a_o famous_a university_n and_o from_o thence_o it_o run_v by_o stetinum_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o sidinonians_n which_o be_v a_o sea_n town_n of_o traffic_n and_o from_o thence_o it_o wind_v to_o the_o episcopal_a city_n of_o carminum_fw-la and_o there_o make_v a_o great_a lake_n it_o empti_v itself_o into_o the_o german_a ocean_n for_o they_o be_v in_o a_o error_n who_o suppose_v that_o sprea_n or_o the_o spree_n be_v the_o river_n suevus_n although_o the_o aforesaid_a sprea_n be_v account_v a_o famous_a river_n which_o flow_v by_o brandenburg_n do_v run_v into_o albis_n near_a to_o haneloburg_n of_o which_o opinion_n be_v bilibaldus_n who_o write_v that_o the_o river_n sprea_n run_v into_o the_o ocean_n near_o to_o the_o city_n sunda_fw-la the_o river_n visurgis_n follow_v common_o call_v de_fw-fr weser_n dionysius_n lib._n 55._o call_v it_o ousiourgos_n ovid_n call_v it_o iturgum_n in_o that_o verse_n decolor_fw-la infesta_fw-la testis_fw-la iturgus_n aqua_fw-la ptolemie_n call_v it_o visurigis_fw-la and_o strabo_n bisurgis_n and_o adamus_n in_o his_o ecclesiastical_a history_n visuris_fw-la and_o sidonius_n vesatis_fw-la it_o arise_v out_o of_o hassia_n and_o have_v water_v the_o city_n werdensis_n mindensis_n gotingensis_n and_o bremensis_n it_o roll_v itself_o into_o the_o ocean_n and_o be_v there_o call_v vesera_n the_o last_o river_n be_v vâ—stula_n or_o istula_n which_o bilibaldus_n call_v vandalum_fw-la this_o river_n bounder_n germany_n because_o ptolemie_n do_v place_v the_o european_a sarmatia_n beyond_o it_o jornandes_n call_v it_o scythia_n which_o run_v by_o the_o sarmatian_a rock_n do_v 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belgia_n we_o will_v speak_v first_o concern_v the_o tide_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o afterward_o we_o will_v reckon_v up_o the_o property_n of_o the_o german_a sea_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o moon_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o tide_n of_o the_o ocean_n but_o as_o the_o moon_n have_v divers_a change_n in_o her_o motion_n so_o the_o tide_n do_v also_o change_v for_o they_o follow_v the_o moon_n do_v flow_v twice_o between_o the_o rise_n thereof_o and_o do_v ebb_v twice_o in_o four_o and_o twenty_o hour_n so_o that_o the_o sea_n do_v flow_v twice_o and_o ebb_v twice_o every_o day_n they_o flow_v when_o the_o moon_n ascend_v above_o the_o eastern_a horizon_n and_o do_v ebb_v when_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o meridian_n westward_o and_o it_o flow_v again_o when_o the_o moon_n go_v down_o under_o the_o earth_n and_o come_v to_o the_o contrary_a part_n of_o the_o meridian_n and_o so_o likewise_o it_o eb_v until_o it_o rise_v again_o but_o as_o the_o moon_n do_v not_o always_o rise_v 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run_v through_o moist_a house_n it_o do_v wonderful_o increase_v the_o tide_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o if_o it_o be_v aspect_v with_o mars_n or_o dry_a planet_n it_o do_v lessen_v the_o tide_n here_o also_o the_o ascension_n of_o the_o sign_n be_v to_o be_v note_v but_o if_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o sign_n of_o a_o right_a ascension_n it_o make_v the_o tide_n long_o than_o if_o it_o be_v in_o sign_n of_o oblique_a ascension_n for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o tide_n be_v never_o equal_a to_o the_o ebb_n in_o continuance_n of_o time_n but_o when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o the_o equinoctial_a sign_n and_o have_v no_o latitude_n beside_o some_o part_n of_o the_o water_n do_v find_v a_o great_a influence_n proceed_v from_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o moon_n either_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o rectitude_n and_o straightness_n of_o the_o beam_n or_o some_o other_o hide_a quality_n but_o the_o moon_n have_v a_o different_a influence_n when_o it_o be_v northward_o and_o another_o when_o it_o be_v southward_o for_o when_o it_o be_v here_o it_o increase_v the_o tide_n on_o the_o southern_a shore_n and_o when_o it_o be_v there_o on_o the_o northern_a shore_n moreover_o the_o tide_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v great_a in_o some_o place_n and_o in_o other_o place_n very_o small_a or_o none_o at_o all_o for_o as_o concern_v this_o our_o german_a sea_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o tide_n which_o can_v be_v perceive_v but_o as_o the_o sea_n be_v carry_v with_o the_o wind_n it_o flow_v now_o here_o and_o now_o there_o for_o when_o it_o be_v a_o east_n wind_n the_o sea_n go_v very_o high_a and_o drive_v back_o rivers_n neither_o do_v it_o flow_v only_o to_o the_o sea_n side_n but_o it_o overflow_v the_o land_n and_o whereas_o the_o spanish_a and_o atlantic_a ocean_n be_v of_o a_o unsearchable_a depth_n so_o that_o a_o line_n of_o three_o hundred_o or_o four_o hundred_o fathom_n can_v found_v the_o bottom_n of_o it_o yet_o the_o german_a sea_n in_o the_o most_o part_n be_v but_o 60._o cubit_n deep_a and_o never_o above_o a_o hundred_o cubit_n except_o on_o some_o shore_n of_o norway_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v of_o a_o insearchable_a depth_n moreover_o it_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v mention_v that_o whereas_o all_o other_o sea_n be_v bitter_a and_o salt_n our_o sea_n have_v sweet_a water_n and_o not_o unpleasant_a to_o drink_v and_o that_o in_o regard_n that_o many_o great_a fresh_a river_n do_v run_v into_o it_o out_o of_o the_o sarmatian_a mountain_n and_o because_o the_o sun_n be_v too_o weak_a in_o those_o place_n to_o exhale_v and_o draw_v up_o the_o light_a and_o thin_a part_n of_o the_o water_n which_o some_o make_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o saltness_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o reason_n if_o it_o be_v good_a and_o probable_a than_o the_o amalchian_a sea_n also_o and_o the_o chronian_a sea_n shall_v not_o be_v salt_n which_o be_v otherwise_o wherefore_o it_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v hold_v that_o the_o melt_a snow_n and_o the_o aforesaid_a river_n flow_v down_o out_o of_o the_o sarmatian_a mountain_n do_v make_v this_o sea_n clear_a and_o sweet_a whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o other_o sea_n do_v more_o easy_o carry_v vessel_n of_o great_a burden_n than_o this_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o water_n of_o the_o salt_n sea_n be_v of_o a_o thick_a substance_n while_o the_o thin_a water_n do_v yield_v to_o the_o least_o weight_n it_o be_v easy_a also_o to_o swim_v in_o this_o sea_n than_o in_o other_o yet_o it_o make_v sea_n man_n more_o sick_a in_o regard_n the_o wave_n go_v very_o high_a so_o that_o sometime_o they_o seem_v to_o touch_v the_o cloud_n and_o then_o fall_v again_o and_o break_v into_o deep_a valley_n this_o sea_n in_o
reverence_n the_o mother_n earth_n which_o they_o call_v as_o lipsius_n say_v aertha_n but_o plutarch_n and_o clemens_n alexandrinus_n do_v affirm_v that_o they_o have_v no_o image_n in_o their_o temple_n but_o certain_a holy_a woman_n which_o tacitus_n call_v soothsayer_n and_o agathias_n and_o polyoenus_n do_v call_v they_o prophetess_n who_o do_v foretell_v future_a event_n by_o the_o sound_n and_o course_n of_o river_n aemilianus_n do_v note_n that_o they_o do_v foretell_v thing_n to_o come_v by_o the_o flight_n of_o bird_n by_o the_o inspection_n of_o entrails_n and_o all_o other_o sign_n but_o they_o do_v chief_o reverence_n mercury_n or_o teutate_n and_o offer_v human_a sacrifice_n thereunto_o as_o tacitus_n witness_v in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n there_o be_v no_o common_a magistrate_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o war_n they_o do_v choose_v governor_n they_o spend_v all_o their_o life_n time_n in_o military_a affair_n and_o to_o rob_v be_v account_v no_o disgrace_n as_o we_o may_v read_v in_o caesar_n seneca_n say_v that_o their_o chief_a delight_n be_v the_o war_n in_o which_o they_o be_v both_o bear_v and_o bread_n if_o as_o tacitus_n witness_v they_o have_v peace_n any_o long_a time_n together_o at_o home_n in_o their_o own_o country_n than_o they_o go_v to_o the_o war_n in_o other_o nation_n they_o carry_v about_o with_o they_o their_o mother_n wife_n and_o child_n who_o do_v carry_v their_o knapsack_n and_o provision_n neither_o be_v they_o afraid_a of_o plague_n they_o join_v battle_n with_o song_n and_o warlike_a sound_n they_o count_v it_o a_o great_a disgrace_n to_o lose_v their_o buckler_n in_o the_o field_n so_o that_o many_o after_o the_o battle_n for_o grief_n thereof_o have_v hang_v themselves_o dion_z and_o herodotus_n do_v report_n that_o they_o will_v march_v over_o river_n in_o regard_n they_o be_v light_o arm_v and_o of_o a_o high_a stature_n we_o read_v in_o appian_n that_o they_o do_v contemn_v death_n be_v persuade_v that_o they_o shall_v live_v again_o hereafter_o they_o observe_v the_o rite_n of_o matrimony_n and_o be_v content_a with_o their_o own_o wife_n so_o that_o few_o adultery_n be_v commit_v for_o which_o they_o have_v this_o present_a punishment_n the_o woman_n that_o be_v take_v in_o adultery_n have_v her_o hair_n cut_v off_o and_o then_o her_o husband_n thrust_v she_o out_o of_o door_n before_o her_o kindred_n and_o beat_v she_o along_o the_o town_n thus_o tacitus_n report_v the_o mother_n do_v nurse_v their_o own_o childen_a and_o do_v not_o put_v they_o forth_o to_o nurse_n caesar_n say_v that_o they_o account_v it_o unlawful_a to_o wrong_v a_o stranger_n which_o come_v unto_o they_o upon_o any_o occasion_n so_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o protect_v they_o from_o all_o injury_n their_o house_n stand_v open_a and_o they_o eat_v one_o with_o another_o and_o here_o good_a manner_n prevail_v more_o than_o good_a law_n in_o other_o place_n the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o food_n as_o caesar_n mention_v do_v consist_v in_o milk_n cheese_n and_o flesh_n plinny_n witness_v that_o they_o live_v by_o no_o other_o grain_n but_o oat_n and_o mela_n add_v that_o in_o time_n of_o want_n they_o will_v eat_v raw_a flesh_n at_o dinner_n as_o athenaeus_n witness_v they_o have_v piece_n of_o meat_n roast_v and_o they_o drink_v milk_n and_o wine_n their_o fare_n be_v homely_a as_o the_o flesh_n of_o wild_a beast_n crab_n or_o sour_a milk_n their_o drink_n be_v make_v of_o barley_n and_o wheat_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o nation_n more_o magnificent_a in_o entertainment_n or_o in_o feast_v but_o as_o no_o man_n or_o nation_n be_v without_o some_o vice_n so_o they_o count_v it_o no_o shame_n to_o drink_v night_n and_o day_n concern_v their_o habit_n tacitus_n say_v that_o they_o all_o wear_v a_o kind_n of_o cloak_n button_v before_o which_o loose_o hang_v over_o their_o shoulder_n the_o same_o tacitus_n say_v that_o the_o german_n do_v not_o wear_v a_o loose_a garment_n but_o a_o straight_o body_a garment_n such_o as_o sidonius_n say_v the_o french_a do_v use_v the_o woman_n do_v go_v in_o apparel_n like_o the_o man_n heretofore_o the_o german_n be_v strong_a of_o body_n but_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a of_o arts._n but_o now_o they_o do_v make_v all_o kind_n of_o excellent_a manufacture_n and_o work_n and_o most_o especial_o they_o be_v skilful_a in_o cast_v of_o brass_n and_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o metal_n in_o this_o country_n brass_n ordinance_n and_o print_n be_v first_o invent_v and_o the_o make_n of_o clock_n be_v find_v out_o and_o last_o germany_n be_v such_o a_o nursery_n of_o all_o art_n that_o it_o do_v perfect_a some_o and_o find_v out_o other_o invention_n also_o it_o transport_v into_o country_n both_o near_a and_o remote_a the_o best_a wine_n gold_n silver_n coppresse_z tin_n lead_v quicksilver_n alum_n and_o divers_a paint_v colour_n also_o corn_n and_o divers_a other_o commodity_n west-friesland_a some_o do_v write_v that_o frisia_n or_o friesland_n be_v so_o call_v from_o phrygia_n other_o do_v derive_v the_o name_n thereof_o from_o the_o extreme_a coldness_n of_o the_o country_n abbas_n spanheimus_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o hunibald_a a_o great_a corrupter_n of_o historical_a truth_n do_v fabulous_o report_v that_o it_o be_v so_o name_v from_o frisus_fw-la the_o son_n of_o clodio_n the_o hairy_a king_n of_o france_n hadrian_n junius_n think_v that_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n which_o the_o people_n always_o desire_v moreover_o friesland_n be_v a_o ancient_a country_n of_o germany_n well_o know_v to_o the_o roman_n for_o their_o warlike_a virtue_n and_o valour_n which_o never_o change_v its_o name_n tacitus_n make_v they_o twofold_a namely_o the_o great_a and_o lesser_a frieslander_n the_o great_a say_v he_o and_o lesser_o frieslander_n be_v so_o call_v in_o regard_n of_o their_o strength_n the_o great_a tacitus_n proper_o call_v oostfrieslander_n not_o those_o embdame_n who_o do_v now_o usurp_v that_o name_n for_o those_o be_v the_o lesser_a chaucian_n but_o the_o staverian_n succians_n franicians_n and_o the_o town_n of_o harling_n and_o leovardia_n also_o the_o west-frieslanders_a who_o be_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o holland_n be_v call_v northollander_n and_o they_o do_v confine_v on_o the_o caninifatians_n as_o plinny_n describe_v they_o for_o these_o two_o country_n of_o friesland_n do_v stretch_v from_o the_o rhine_n even_o to_o the_o ocean_n now_o the_o river_n amisis_n divide_v it_o into_o west_n and_o east_n friesland_n west-friesland_n which_o be_v now_o so_o call_v from_o the_o situation_n who_o description_n we_o do_v here_o exhibit_v and_o set_v forth_o to_o view_v be_v most_o proper_o and_o ancient_o call_v friesland_n and_o be_v always_o account_v the_o better_a part_n on_o the_o west_n and_o the_o north_n the_o sea_n do_v compass_v it_o on_o the_o south_n it_o have_v a_o large_a bay_n common_o call_v zuyder-zee_n and_o the_o province_n of_o trans-isalana_a on_o the_o east_n it_o be_v encompass_v with_o the_o river_n amisis_n which_o divide_v it_o from_o the_o busactorian_n and_o westphalia_n the_o air_n be_v every_o where_o wholesome_a except_o where_o it_o be_v infect_v with_o the_o foggy_a exhalation_n of_o the_o marsh_n which_o be_v purify_v again_o by_o the_o wind_n the_o country_n of_o west-friesland_n be_v now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n moorish_a be_v low_a and_o overflow_v in_o many_o place_n with_o water_n which_o lie_v upon_o it_o not_o only_o in_o the_o spring_n but_o also_o in_o summer_n time_n and_o in_o regard_n hereof_o it_o have_v little_a store_n of_o corn_n for_o these_o yearly_a inundation_n which_o come_v betimes_o and_o go_v away_o slow_o do_v either_o kill_v the_o seed_n or_o drive_v it_o up_o and_o down_o yet_o here_o be_v excellent_a pasture_n for_o fat_v of_o cattle_n of_o which_o the_o frieslander_n may_v boast_v for_o they_o reap_v commodity_n and_o profit_n by_o they_o so_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n do_v every_o year_n make_v a_o incredible_a gain_n of_o butter_n and_o cheese_n which_o they_o transport_v abroad_o beside_o that_o which_o they_o daily_o spend_v at_o home_n for_o it_o have_v great_a herd_n of_o ox_n and_o breed_v also_o excellent_a horse_n it_o have_v some_o wood_n but_o those_o so_o thin_a of_o west-friesland_a frisia_n occidenta_fw-la tree_n that_o they_o do_v not_o yield_v wood_n enough_o to_o make_v a_o good_a great_a fire_n such_o as_o martial_a and_o horace_n do_v desire_n dissolve_v frigus_fw-la lignum_fw-la super_fw-la focum_fw-la largè_fw-fr reponens_fw-la but_o provident_a nature_n have_v give_v the_o frieslander_n and_o hollander_n instead_o of_o wood_n a_o certain_a kind_n of_o turf_n which_o be_v dig_v out_o of_o the_o earth_n and_o dry_v in_o the_o wind_n and_o sun_n do_v burn_v very_o well_o which_o be_v a_o better_a fuel_n than_o that_o which_o the_o scythian_n use_v
who_o want_v wood_n do_v burn_v bone_n and_o keep_v fire_n with_o they_o and_o there_o be_v so_o great_a plenty_n of_o this_o turf_n as_o that_o it_o do_v not_o only_o serve_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o also_o other_o neighbour_n country_n there_o be_v diverse_a kind_n of_o it_o which_o do_v differ_v in_o colour_n lightness_n and_o the_o whiteness_n of_o their_o ash_n there_o be_v one_o bad_a light_a and_o spongy_a kind_n of_o turf_n of_o a_o moss_n colour_n which_o be_v of_o no_o esteem_n for_o use_v which_o in_o burn_a make_v those_o that_o stand_v by_o as_o pale_a as_o lead_v and_o to_o look_v like_o ghost_n the_o smell_n whereof_o do_v cause_n many_o to_o swoon_v but_o a_o little_a salt_n sprinkle_v on_o it_o take_v it_o away_o the_o other_o be_v thick_a and_o full_a of_o segg_n and_o weighty_a and_o serve_v for_o divers_a use_n the_o three_o kind_n be_v as_o hand_n as_o a_o brick_n and_o whereas_o the_o other_o swim_v in_o the_o water_n this_o sink_v it_o be_v hard_o to_o take_v fire_n but_o be_v once_o kindle_v it_o keep_v fire_v a_o long_a time_n it_o be_v of_o a_o ash_n colour_n and_o be_v dig_v on_o a_o moorish_a ground_n in_o zealand_n also_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o turf_n make_v of_o moorish_a earth_n which_o they_o call_v daria_n also_o the_o country_n people_n of_o friesland_n have_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o turf_n make_v of_o mud_n temper_v and_o mingle_v with_o straw_n â—eedes_n and_o hay_n and_o afterward_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n but_o the_o smoale_n thereof_o be_v very_o trouble_v some_o for_o the_o eye_n this_o country_n of_o friesland_n be_v heretofore_o a_o kingdom_n even_o to_o the_o tune_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a after_o who_o decease_n it_o be_v trouble_v although_o before_o it_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o government_n of_o denmark_n and_o norway_n but_o at_o length_n it_o enjoy_v some_o halcyon_n day_n of_o quiet_a under_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o who_o be_v a_o peaceable_a prince_n there_o be_v 12_o city_n in_o friesland_n leuwarden_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o friesland_n and_o a_o rich_a city_n which_o as_o it_o be_v adorn_v &_o beautify_v with_o many_o private_a house_n so_o it_o be_v strong_o fortify_v with_o a_o castle_n &_o rampire_n against_o the_o assault_n of_o enemy_n the_o court_n of_o judgement_n and_o the_o chancery_n for_o all_o friesland_n be_v keep_v here_o from_o whence_o there_o be_v no_o appeal_n near_o unto_o it_o be_v zutchemum_n in_o the_o country_n of_o vichlijm_n doccum_fw-la be_v 2_o mile_n distant_a have_v a_o fertile_a soil_n &_o fair_a meadow_n it_o be_v distant_a from_o the_o bay_n of_o the_o sea_n 1_o mile_n &_o be_v heretofore_o subject_a to_o gelderland_n sneca_n in_o the_o country_n of_o westergoyum_n be_v situate_v three_o mile_n from_o leovardia_n in_o a_o low_a waterish_a soil_n so_o that_o it_o bear_v no_o come_v but_o have_v fair_a meadow_n it_o be_v a_o city_n about_o 200_o year_n ago_o but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n it_o grow_v so_o great_a so_o that_o it_o be_v now_o equal_a to_o any_o city_n in_o friesland_n it_o have_v produce_v many_o good_a wit_n joachim_n hopper_n be_v bear_v and_o breed_v in_o it_o who_o be_v not_o only_o a_o light_n and_o ornament_n to_o this_o city_n but_o also_o to_o all_o friesland_n and_o the_o low_a country_n also_o peter_n of_o fritema_n a_o lawyer_n and_o albertus_n hero_n a_o philosopher_n and_o divine_a be_v bear_v here_o and_o many_o other_o learned_a man_n staveren_fw-mi be_v situate_a on_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o south_n sea_n the_o country_n near_o unto_o it_o be_v plain_a be_v full_a of_o ditch_n and_o marsh_n this_o city_n have_v no_o magnificent_a build_n in_o it_o but_o a_o strong_a castle_n which_o stand_v over_o the_o haven_n which_o be_v found_v by_o george_n scheneke_n governor_n of_o friesland_n in_o charles_n the_o fifth_n name_n in_o the_o year_n 1522_o that_o so_o the_o burgundian_n may_v convenient_o send_v thither_o soldier_n and_o provision_n for_o the_o war_n out_o of_o the_o neighbour_n city_n of_o holland_n plinny_a lib._n 4._o cap._n 15._o call_v the_o inhabitant_n sturians_n harlinga_fw-mi be_v situate_v by_o the_o jaw_n of_o the_o south_n sea_n a_o mile_n distant_a from_o franicum_n it_o have_v a_o fertile_a soil_n and_o a_o castle_n well_o fortify_v against_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n and_o a_o convenient_a haven_n for_o it_o afford_v a_o fit_a and_o necessary_a habitation_n for_o those_o which_o come_v out_o of_o north_n friesland_n and_o east_n germany_n whereupon_o great_a store_n of_o people_n do_v flock_n thither_o be_v allure_v with_o the_o convenience_n of_o the_o place_n so_o that_o by_o this_o confluence_n of_o people_n the_o city_n be_v much_o enlarge_v franicum_n be_v denominate_v from_o the_o frenchman_n here_o john_n vlptus_n be_v bear_v who_o be_v most_o skilful_a in_o the_o three_o language_n it_o have_v a_o public_a university_n there_o be_v also_o these_o city_n damna_fw-la bolswardum_fw-la ilsta_n sloten_n worchum_fw-la and_o hindclopen_fw-mi there_o be_v many_o island_n in_o friesland_n the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v schellingana_n which_o be_v famous_a for_o the_o take_n of_o dogfish_n with_o net_n groening_n be_v usual_o join_v with_o west-friesland_n which_o make_v a_o province_n together_o with_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o it_o called_z ommelanden_n here_o rodolphus_n agricola_n the_o most_o learned_a man_n of_o his_o time_n be_v bear_v also_o wesselus_n or_o basilius_n and_o reinerus_n perdinius_n famous_a divine_n and_o philosopher_n be_v bear_v here_o friesland_n have_v abundance_n of_o lake_n and_o marsh_n as_o we_o say_v before_o and_o it_o be_v water_v with_o the_o river_n laubacum_n which_o some_o call_n lavica_fw-la and_o labola_fw-la now_o lauwers_n and_o amisis_n it_o have_v on_o the_o south_n a_o very_a large_a bay_n which_o be_v now_o call_v zuyderzee_n as_o it_o be_v the_o southern_a strait_n the_o politic_a state_n of_o friesland_n do_v consist_v of_o three_o principal_a part_n which_o be_v the_o county_n of_o oestergow_n the_o metropolis_n whereof_o be_v leovardia_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o these_o praefectureship_n lowarderadeel_n in_o which_o be_v leovardia_n tietzericksterdeel_n in_o which_o be_v tâ—ettzarcke_o ydardacel_n in_o which_o be_v ydaert_n rauwerdeahem_n in_o which_o be_v rauwart_o ferwerderadeel_n in_o which_o be_v ferwert_n dongerd_v in_o which_o be_v wetzen_n dantummedeel_n in_o which_o be_v dantumna_n will_v acht_fw-mi kerspelen_fw-mi in_o which_o be_v suyrhusumâ—_n colmerlandt_n in_o which_o be_v collum_n vesterlant_a in_o which_o be_v beâ—tz_n smalingerlandi_fw-la in_o which_o be_v smalingerlee_n a_o abbey_n of_o the_o order_n of_o saint_n benedict_n the_o county_n of_o westergow_n in_o which_o be_v grieteneyen_v wonseradeel_n in_o which_o be_v witmarssum_n framckeradeel_n in_o which_o be_v franiker_n banadeel_n in_o which_o be_v mimersgae_n meynaldummadeel_n in_o which_o be_v minaldum_n baerderadeel_n in_o which_o be_v baerdt_n hennarderadeel_n in_o which_o be_v hennaert_n weynbritz_n eradeel_v in_o which_o be_v gawe_n gheesterlandt_n in_o which_o be_v wickel_n the_o county_n of_o sevenwolden_a in_o which_o be_v grieteneyen_v donyewerstal_n in_o which_o be_v donigae_n leemster_n vijfgae_n in_o which_o be_v lemmer_n aâ—nghevaert_n in_o which_o be_v cathry_a bandâ—_n schottorelandt_n in_o which_o be_v nye_n and_o olde_n schotten_a wittingerdeel_n in_o which_o be_v oldehorn_n hasscher_n vijfgae_n in_o which_o be_v hasscherborn_n but_o all_o friesland_n and_o groeningland_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o bishop_n of_o trajectum_n the_o county_n of_o embdanum_n and_o oldenburg_n hitherto_o we_o have_v describe_v germany_n in_o general_a our_o method_n now_o require_v that_o we_o shall_v entreat_v of_o the_o several_a part_n call_v this_o table_n contain_v two_o county_n the_o county_n of_o embden_n and_o oldenburg_n the_o county_n of_o embdane_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o chief_a city_n thereof_o and_o now_o it_o be_v call_v east_n friesland_n because_o it_o confine_v on_o friesland_n for_o the_o frieslander_n do_v not_o heretofore_o possess_v it_o but_o the_o chaucian_n of_o which_o plinny_n and_o ptolemy_n make_v two_o sort_n the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a the_o great_a be_v those_o that_o do_v inhabit_v the_o bishopric_n of_o bremes_n the_o lesser_a be_v the_o embdanians_n and_o oldenburgians_n forasmuch_o as_o ptolemie_n seat_v they_o between_o the_o river_n amisis_n and_o visurgis_n his_o word_n be_v these_o they_o see_v also_o in_o the_o north_n the_o nation_n of_o the_o chaucian_n who_o be_v call_v the_o great_a and_o the_o lesser_a where_o the_o sea_n flow_v up_o every_o day_n and_o night_n so_o that_o it_o be_v doubtful_a whether_o it_o be_v land_n or_o sea_n where_o the_o miserable_a people_n do_v get_v upon_o high_a hill_n and_o their_o cottage_n do_v float_v when_o the_o sea_n come_v in_o and_o do_v seem_v like_o shipwrack_n when_o it_o eb_v
while_n in_o charles_n the_o great_v court_n marry_v the_o emperor_n sister_n by_o who_o he_o have_v billingus_n a_o man_n powerful_a yet_o mild_a and_o merciful_a who_o the_o sarmatian_n and_o vandal_n even_o from_o vistula_n to_o visurgis_n and_o from_o odera_n to_o holsatia_n do_v obey_v he_o have_v his_o palace_n at_o meckelburg_n but_o his_o two_o son_n mizilaus_n and_o mislevus_n degenerate_v from_o their_o father_n piety_n and_o goodness_n begin_v to_o persecute_v the_o christian_n but_o concern_v these_o and_o other_o prince_n of_o meckelburg_n you_o may_v read_v munster_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n author_n do_v call_v herulian_n or_o obotritian_n and_o by_o a_o general_a word_n vandalians_n it_o be_v a_o country_n well_o replenish_v with_o city_n town_n castle_n and_o village_n in_o this_o dukedom_n there_o be_v the_o ancient_a city_n surinum_n which_o be_v build_v before_o lubeck_n sundius_fw-la and_o wismaria_n the_o figure_n thereof_o be_v fouresquare_n and_o so_o as_o if_o it_o be_v four_o city_n it_o have_v four_o name_n the_o first_o be_v call_v senerinus_n the_o second_o neapolis_n the_o three_o be_v name_v from_o the_o cataract_n the_o four_o from_o the_o marsh_n the_o village_n fichela_n which_o stand_v by_o the_o lake_n suerinus_n be_v but_o 5_o mile_n distant_a from_o the_o baltic_a sea_n the_o vicinity_n whereof_o make_v they_o bestow_v much_o labour_n in_o vain_a to_o make_v a_o ditch_n out_o of_o the_o lake_n into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n as_o in_o like_a manner_n there_o be_v a_o attempt_n make_v to_o cut_v through_o the_o peloponnesian_n isthmus_n rostochium_n common_o call_v rostocke_n and_o heretofore_o lacinium_n and_o corrupt_o rhodopholis_fw-la and_o laciburg_n be_v a_o sea_n city_n it_o be_v first_o a_o castle_n after_o godscall_v the_o son_n of_o endo_n do_v change_v it_o into_o a_o city_n and_o afterward_o it_o be_v enlarge_v by_o primislaus_n the_o second_o the_o son_n of_o nicolottus_n it_o have_v now_o a_o flourish_a university_n which_o the_o prince_n of_o meckelburg_n do_v erect_v and_o constitute_v in_o the_o year_n 1415._o the_o air_n here_o be_v wholesome_a and_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n of_o provision_n for_o food_n and_o very_o cheap_a there_o be_v also_o wismaria_n which_o some_o imagine_n be_v so_o call_v from_o wismarus_n king_n of_o the_o vandal_n in_o the_o flourish_a reign_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a some_o do_v affirm_v that_o a_o colony_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v bring_v thither_o out_o of_o visbina_n the_o metropolis_n of_o gothland_n but_o crantzius_n antiquity_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n date_v after_o the_o year_n 1250_o do_v show_v that_o it_o be_v build_v before_o the_o year_n 1240_o out_o of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o great_a ancient_a city_n mecklenburg_n which_o give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o whole_a country_n by_o gunzelinus_n earl_n of_o suerinus_n but_o in_o a_o short_a time_n this_o city_n do_v wonderful_o increase_v by_o the_o traffic_n and_o trade_n of_o other_o nation_n have_v a_o convenient_a haven_n on_o the_o baltic_a shore_n to_o receive_v ship_n of_o great_a burden_n where_o they_o may_v lie_v safe_o without_o let_v fall_n any_o anchor_n whence_o it_o be_v likely_a that_o the_o city_n be_v name_v from_o the_o safety_n and_o conveyance_n of_o the_o haven_n it_o be_v compass_v round_o about_o with_o small_a town_n who_o do_v bring_v plenty_n of_o provision_n thither_o and_o do_v furnish_v themselves_o again_o from_o thence_o moreover_o this_o nine_o circle_n of_o the_o empire_n call_v nider_n saxon_n do_v consist_v of_o three_o order_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v the_o clergy_n the_o second_o be_v the_o prince_n and_o secular_a lord_n the_o three_o be_v the_o free_a city_n in_o the_o first_o there_o be_v the_o archbishop_n of_o bremes_n and_o magdeburg_n the_o bishop_n of_o hildesheim_n of_o lubeck_n of_o suerinus_n of_o ratzenburg_n and_o schleswick_n the_o second_o contain_v the_o prince_n and_o saecular_a lord_n as_o the_o duke_n of_o lauwenburg_n of_o brunswick_n of_o luneburg_n of_o mecklenburg_n and_o of_o holstein_n the_o earl_n of_o roffain_n and_o delmenhorst_n in_o the_o three_o there_o be_v the_o free_a city_n as_o lubeck_n hamburg_n mulhausen_n in_o duringen_n and_o northhausen_n goslaria_n and_o gottinga_n the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswick_n the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswick_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o chièfe_a city_n brunswick_n and_o the_o city_n itself_o be_v denominate_v from_o bruno_n the_o son_n of_o ludolphus_n duke_n of_o saxony_n call_v for_o he_o leave_v his_o name_n to_o the_o town_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v and_o so_o from_o he_o it_o be_v call_v brunons_n town_n which_o in_o the_o saxon_a language_n they_o call_v wyc_a but_o now_o it_o be_v call_v brunsvicum_fw-la or_o brunsweich_n situation_n the_o country_n of_o brunswick_n be_v very_o large_a for_o it_o reach_v from_o the_o boarder_n of_o the_o diocese_n of_o magdeburg_n and_o halberstad_n and_o from_o the_o wood_n hercynia_n even_o to_o the_o river_n albis_n but_o about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1230_o government_n the_o emperor_n frederick_n do_v change_v the_o earldom_n of_o brunswick_n into_o a_o dukedom_n and_o make_v otto_n duke_n of_o brunswick_n and_o luneburg_n who_o succeed_v henry_n leon_n who_o be_v lord_n of_o all_o saxony_n frederick_n the_o second_o make_v otto_n nephew_n to_o leon_n duke_n of_o brunswick_n and_o luneburg_n and_o give_v he_o those_o arm_n which_o his_o uncle_n have_v bring_v out_o of_o england_n namely_o two_o lion_n or_o for_o the_o country_n of_o brunswick_n and_o another_o lion_n azure_a with_o ermine_n for_o the_o county_n of_o luneburg_n which_o arm_n do_v heretofore_o belong_v to_o duke_n herman_n and_o his_o posterity_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o saxony_n concern_v the_o other_o duke_n see_v munster_n lib._n 3._o of_o his_o cosmographie_n brunswick_n be_v now_o not_o only_o the_o metropolis_n and_o mother_n city_n of_o this_o dukedom_n but_o also_o of_o all_o saxony_n which_o heretofore_o from_o the_o builder_n thereof_o be_v call_v brunopolis_n ptolemy_n call_v it_o tubisurgium_n according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o francis_n irenicus_n it_o be_v a_o large_a city_n be_v four_o square_a and_o adorn_v with_o many_o fair_a and_o beautiful_a building_n very_o populous_a and_o well_o fortify_v with_o double_a rampire_n and_o ditch_n by_o which_o there_o be_v divers_a sort_n of_o tree_n plant_v it_o have_v five_o praetorian_a hall_n and_o as_o many_o magistrate_n it_o be_v build_v by_o two_o brother_n bruno_n and_o theodore_n otherwise_o call_v theomar_n the_o son_n of_o ludolphus_n duke_n of_o saxony_n in_o the_o year_n 961_o as_o hermann_n their_o own_o historian_n do_v witness_v the_o river_n onacra_n glide_v by_o this_o city_n which_o rise_v in_o the_o hartonican_a wood_n do_v divide_v the_o city_n into_o two_o part_n and_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o filth_n of_o the_o city_n with_o it_o have_v many_o bridge_n build_v over_o it_o and_o at_o last_o it_o join_v with_o visurgis_n this_o city_n have_v no_o good_a water_n to_o drink_v and_o therefore_o they_o have_v a_o kind_n of_o make_a drink_n but_o they_o have_v little_a or_o no_o wine_n this_o city_n rise_v from_o small_a beginning_n yet_o in_o process_n of_o time_n increase_v very_o much_o both_o in_o strength_n and_o wealth_n so_o that_o the_o prince_n thereof_o be_v style_v duke_n of_o brunswick_n i_o will_v here_o brief_o make_v mention_n of_o those_o word_n which_o be_v prefix_v and_o write_v upon_o the_o court_n of_o this_o city_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o frequent_a suit_n in_o law_n which_o be_v commence_v in_o this_o contentious_a age_n in_o controversijs_fw-la causarum_fw-la capitales_fw-la inimicitiae_fw-la oriuntur_fw-la fit_a amissio_fw-la expensarum_fw-la corpus_fw-la the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswick_n braunswik_n et_fw-fr meydburg_n cum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d quotidie_fw-la defatigatur_fw-la labour_n animi_fw-la exercetur_fw-la multa_fw-la inhonesta_fw-la crimina_fw-la consequuntur_fw-la bona_fw-la &_o utilia_fw-la opera_fw-la post_fw-la ponuntur_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la saepè_fw-la credunt_fw-la obtinere_fw-la frequenter_a succumbunt_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la obtinent_fw-la computatis_fw-la laboribus_fw-la &_o expensis_fw-la nihil_fw-la acquirunt_fw-la that_o be_v suit_n in_o law_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o much_o enmity_n they_o put_v man_n to_o much_o charge_n they_o weary_v the_o body_n and_o trouble_v the_o mind_n they_o learn_v craft_n by_o follow_v they_o they_o neglect_v their_o own_o calling_n and_o more_o profitable_a employment_n and_o those_o who_o be_v confident_a that_o they_o shall_v have_v the_o better_a be_v oftentimes_o overthrow_v by_o oppression_n and_o if_o they_o get_v the_o better_a yet_o labour_n and_o charge_n be_v reckon_v they_o get_v nothing_o among_o other_o city_n of_o this_o dukedom_n gostaria_n be_v not_o the_o last_o be_v a_o imperial_a city_n which_o henry_n the_o first_o the_o father_n of_o otto_n the_o great_a do_v build_v and_o find_v in_o the_o year_n 1051_o and_o
state_n of_o the_o government_n i_o have_v only_o find_v out_o that_o there_o be_v two_o county_n solms_n 30.15.50.35_o and_o witgenstein_n 30.17.50.50_o the_o meridian_n be_v distant_a according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o 510_o parallel_n to_o the_o great_a circle_n hassia_n or_o the_o landgraviate_v of_o hessen_n hassia_n landgraviatus_fw-la qualis_fw-la hyperborcum_fw-la prospectans_fw-la thrasa_n booten_n gradivi_fw-la domus_fw-la ad_fw-la rhodopen_fw-la hemum_n que_fw-fr nivalem_fw-la circumfusa_fw-la iaceo_fw-la gelidis_fw-la assucta_fw-la pruinis_fw-la gâ—gnit_fw-la in_o arma_fw-la viros_fw-la duratos_fw-la frigore_fw-la quique_fw-la aut_fw-la hebrum_fw-la nestum_fw-la que_fw-la bibunt_fw-la aut_fw-la strymonis_fw-la undas_fw-la talis_fw-la &_o ipsa_fw-la situ_fw-la talis_fw-la region_fw-la locorum_fw-la â—t_a fluvus_fw-la silvisque_fw-la frequens_fw-la &_o montibus_fw-la altis_fw-la hassia_n natura_fw-la simile_n create_v alma_fw-la locorum_fw-la â—eu_fw-la natos_fw-la in_o bella_fw-la viros_fw-la quibus_fw-la omnis_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la vita_fw-la placet_fw-la nonulla_fw-la juvat_fw-la sine_fw-la marte_fw-la nec_fw-la ullam_fw-la esse_fw-la putant_fw-la vitam_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la assueverit_fw-la armis_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la tranquillae_fw-la vertantur_fw-la ad_fw-la ocia_fw-la pacis_fw-la ocia_n nulla_fw-la terunt_fw-la sine_fw-la magno_fw-la vana_fw-la labour_v aut_fw-la duro_fw-la patrios_fw-la exercent_fw-la vomere_fw-la colle_n aequatosque_fw-la solo_fw-la campos_fw-la rimantur_fw-la aratris_fw-la namque_fw-la &_o planity_n segetum_fw-la faecunda_fw-la patentes_fw-la explicat_fw-la innumeras_fw-la &_o plena_fw-la mess_n colonos_fw-la ditat_v &_o ipsa_fw-la sibi_fw-la satis_fw-la est_fw-la aut_fw-la ardua_fw-la sylvae_fw-la lustra_fw-la petunt_fw-la canibusque_fw-la feras_fw-la sectantur_fw-la odoris_fw-la venatu_fw-la genus_fw-la assuctum_fw-la genus_fw-la acre_n virorum_fw-la aut_fw-la leges_fw-la aut_fw-la jura_n ferunt_fw-la aut_fw-la opida_fw-la condunt_fw-la fortia_fw-la etc._n etc._n as_o warlike_a thrace_n look_v upon_o the_o north_n by_o rhodope_n and_o hemus_n stretch_v forth_o itself_o and_o be_v mure_v to_o snow_n and_o cold_a breed_n such_o man_n as_o hardy_a be_v and_o bold_a who_o of_o hebrus_n or_o of_o neslus_n water_n drink_v or_o of_o the_o river_n strimon_n yet_o never_o shrink_v such_o for_o situation_n and_o mountain_n hie_v for_o many_o wood_n and_o river_n glide_v by_o be_v hassia_n for_o the_o man_n by_o nature_n be_v like_o those_o and_o even_o bear_v unto_o the_o war_n who_o in_o the_o war_n alone_o do_v take_v delight_n and_o all_o their_o life_n time_n be_v enure_v to_o fight_v and_o if_o sometime_o they_o live_v in_o quiet_a peace_n from_o toilsome_a labour_n they_o do_v never_o cease_v for_o either_o they_o the_o level_n field_n do_v till_o or_o with_o the_o plough_n they_o tear_v up_o the_o hard_a hill_n for_o this_o same_o land_n have_v many_o fruitful_a plain_n which_o plenteous_a harvest_n do_v bring_v in_o much_o gain_n unto_o the_o husbandman_n or_o else_o repair_v to_o the_o wood_n to_o hunt_v such_o wild_a beast_n as_o there_o be_v with_o hound_n for_o these_o same_o people_n do_v contemn_v hunt_v but_o be_v a_o violent_a kind_n of_o man_n for_o either_o they_o make_v law_n or_o town_n do_v build_v which_o do_v not_o only_o strong_a defence_n they_o yield_v in_o time_n of_o war_n but_o in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n they_o yield_v delight_n when_o as_o the_o war_n do_v cease_v what_o shall_v i_o here_o the_o sacred_a spring_n commend_v the_o green_n and_o valley_n which_o do_v even_o contend_v with_o the_o aemonian_a vale_n which_o do_v excel_v for_o fruitfulness_n or_o what_o shall_v i_o declare_v those_o sweet_a and_o shady_a place_n which_o even_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v the_o muse_n seat_n and_o may_v right_v well_o become_v the_o goddess_n therein_o to_o dwell_v o_o you_o fountain_n of_o my_o country_n clear_a and_o cold_a and_o o_o you_o river_n that_o be_v know_v of_o old_a o_o the_o vale_n and_o pleasant_a cave_n which_o still_o do_v use_v to_o be_v most_o acceptable_a to_o my_o muse_n the_o county_n of_o nassaw_n or_o nassavia_n nassavia_n be_v call_v as_o it_o be_v nass-gavia_a which_o word_n signify_v a_o moist_a and_o slimy_a country_n for_o the_o town_n which_o name_v the_o country_n be_v encompass_v on_o every_o side_n with_o moist_a and_o moorish_a ground_n and_o in_o the_o german_a speech_n awe_o and_o gaw_n do_v signify_v a_o country_n so_o thurgaw_n signify_v a_o dry_a country_n rhyn-gaw_a a_o country_n by_o the_o rhine_n otten-gaw_a a_o country_n abound_v with_o corn_n and_o so_o also_o oster-gaw_a wester-gaw_a and_o brisgaw_n but_o this_o county_n have_v other_o annex_v to_o it_o as_o weilburg_n idesteâ—nen_n wâ—esbaden_n dietzen_n cattimelibocen_n beilstein_n it_o be_v bounder_v on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o county_n of_o wiesbaden_n and_o idesteinen_n on_o the_o east_n with_o isenburg_n solms_n and_o hassia_n on_o the_o north_n it_o be_v bound_v with_o westphalia_n and_o the_o county_n of_o witgenstein_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bergen_n and_o the_o county_n weidan_n and_o seynen_n it_o have_v many_o praefectureship_n as_o frudebergen_n sigenen_n nephens_n hegerana_n ebersbacen_n dillenburg_n hilligenbacke_n dringensteinen_n lonbergen_n herbornen_n dridorf_n beilsteinen_n marenbergen_n honstetten_n ellerana_n cambergen_n altenberg_n kidorff_n nassavia_n and_o many_o other_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o free_a county_n of_o the_o empire_n the_o lord_n whereof_o be_v subject_a to_o none_o but_o the_o emperor_n and_o do_v enjoy_v all_o the_o royal_a privilege_n and_o praerogative_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o well_o as_o other_o noble_a man_n they_o have_v power_n also_o to_o coin_v gold_n or_o silver_n or_o brass_n money_n as_o appeareth_z by_o some_o piece_n of_o gold_n which_o be_v yeâ—_n currant_n the_o landgrave_n of_o hassia_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o nassavia_n be_v coe-lord_n and_o by_o a_o joint_a title_n do_v receive_v the_o revennewe_n of_o the_o county_n of_o cattimeliboc_n by_o a_o covenant_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1557_o between_o philip_n prince_n of_o hassia_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o nassavia_n the_o country_n in_o some_o place_n be_v plain_a ground_n and_o in_o other_o place_n it_o rise_v and_o swell_v into_o hill_n here_o it_o have_v flourish_a vine_n as_o in_o the_o county_n of_o dietzen_n and_o by_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n lanus_fw-la and_o otherwhere_o it_o have_v pleasant_a meadow_n and_o pasture_n or_o else_o fruitful_a cornefield_n it_o have_v also_o mettle_n mine_n for_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o sigen_n a_o certain_a kind_n of_o iron_n mettle_n be_v melt_v out_o of_o stone_n out_o of_o which_o they_o cast_v fornace_n iron_n potts_n kettles_n stithies_n or_o anvill_n bullet_n and_o do_v make_v all_o kind_n of_o iron_n work_n at_o frendeberg_n there_o be_v excellent_a steel_n make_v there_o be_v also_o the_o like_a mine_n in_o the_o country_n of_o dillenburg_n hegeran_fw-ge and_o burback_n out_o of_o which_o lead_n and_o copresse_n be_v dig_v as_o in_o ebersback_n where_o there_o be_v also_o a_o glass-house_n the_o chief_a wood_n be_v westerwalt_n which_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o hercyniâ—_n the_o lesser_a wood_n which_o be_v also_o part_n of_o hercinia_n be_v kalt-eych_a heygerstruth_o the_o county_n of_o nassaw_n or_o nassavia_n nassovia_n comitatus_fw-la schelderwaldâ—_n diâ—_n horre_v der_fw-mi calemberg_n in_o which_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o wild_a beast_n for_o hunt_v the_o chief_a river_n be_v â—aâ—â—â—â—_n siega_n and_o dille_n near_o siega_n be_v sigena_n near_o â—illa_n be_v heâ—gera_fw-mi dâ—llenburg_n and_o herborn_n near_o lana_n be_v dietz_n nassovium_n lâ—â—â—steâ—â—â—um_n where_o â—ane_n mingle_v the_o river_n rhine_n the_o bath_n at_o emsana_n do_v belong_v both_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o nassavia_n and_o the_o landgrave_n of_o hassia_n unto_o which_o they_o come_v far_o and_o near_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o sovereign_a virtue_n of_o the_o water_n which_o they_o find_v to_o be_v very_o wholesome_a for_o many_o disease_n there_o be_v also_o fountain_n at_o codinga_n and_o câ—mberga_n the_o water_n whereof_o be_v drink_v will_v expel_v the_o wind_n colic_n mâ—â—â—â—a_n and_o bertius_fw-la among_o other_o have_v draw_v the_o pedigree_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o nassavia_n thuringia_n or_o the_o landgraviate_v of_o duringen_n the_o nobility_n and_o state_n of_o this_o country_n be_v yet_o unknown_a unto_o i_o i_o have_v only_o find_v out_o the_o county_n of_o gleiâ—hen_o 32_o 50_o 50_o 58_o etc._n etc._n and_o i_o think_v kranichfelt_n 34_o 17_o 15_o 26_o also_o the_o bishopric_n of_o mersburg_n 34_o 17_o 51_o 26._o the_o meridian_n be_v mutual_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o parallel_n 510_o to_o the_o aequinoctial_a thuringia_n follow_v after_o hassia_n common_o call_v duringen_n be_v situate_v between_o the_o two_o rivers_n sala_n &_o werra_n situation_n the_o latter_a on_o the_o westside_n the_o first_o on_o the_o east-side_n on_o the_o north_n it_o have_v the_o wood_n hercynia_n which_o they_o call_v hartz_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o forest_n call_v duringer_n waldt_fw-mi the_o length_n
the_o compass_n of_o it_o be_v 7._o miles_n it_o have_v 12._o gate_n and_o magnificent_a house_n and_o nobleman_n palace_n the_o emperor_n theodosius_n do_v institute_v a_o university_n here_o in_o the_o year_n 423._o now_o we_o come_v to_o ferraria_n concern_v the_o name_n whereof_o there_o be_v divers_a opinion_n but_o it_o be_v most_o probable_a that_o it_o be_v call_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o ferrarida_n which_o be_v beyond_o po_n who_o be_v translate_v hither_o in_o the_o year_n 423._o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n at_o what_o time_n it_o be_v a_o village_n without_o wall_n and_o afterward_o about_o the_o year_n 658._o it_o be_v wall_v about_o by_o smaragdus_n exarchus_n and_o by_o degree_n it_o be_v so_o much_o enlarge_v that_o at_o length_n it_o become_v a_o noble_a city_n the_o bishopric_n be_v translate_v hither_o by_o pope_n vitellianus_n about_o the_o year_n 658._o and_o 12._o neighbour_a village_n make_v subject_a unto_o it_o by_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n the_o 2._o who_o give_v it_o also_o many_o privilege_n it_o be_v now_o call_v ferrara_n and_o it_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n po_n which_o water_v it_o on_o the_o east_n and_o south_n side_n the_o air_n be_v thick_a in_o regard_n that_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o marsh_n it_o have_v straight_o long_o broad_a street_n the_o most_o whereof_o the_o marquesse_n leonell_n cause_v to_o be_v pave_v with_o brick_n and_o it_o be_v wonderful_o beautify_v with_o public_a and_o private_a building_n there_o be_v a_o great_a church_n and_o two_o castle_n the_o one_o by_o the_o river_n the_o other_o over_o against_o s._n george_n church_n which_o be_v the_o duke_n seat_n and_o both_o be_v well_o fortify_v it_o be_v populous_a and_o abound_v with_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n and_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o pleasant_a city_n in_o italy_n be_v the_o head_n seat_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o atestine_n the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o second_o do_v institute_v here_o a_o university_n in_o contempt_n of_o bononia_n it_o have_v a_o great_a plain_n round_o about_o it_o but_o barren_a i_o pass_v by_o the_o other_o city_n of_o romandiola_n and_o the_o lesser_a town_n the_o four_o table_n of_o lombardy·_n romaniola_n cum_fw-la d._n parmsensi_fw-la the_o dukedom_n of_o parma_n the_o dukedom_n of_o parma_n be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o city_n parma_n the_o soil_n be_v pleasant_a and_o bear_v excellent_a fruit_n and_o good_a vine_n it_o have_v also_o wholesome_a water_n parmizan_n and_o pleasant_a meadow_n and_o it_o be_v very_o much_o commend_v for_o cheese_n and_o fleece_n of_o wool_n this_o city_n of_o parma_n from_o whence_o the_o dukedom_n be_v denominate_v be_v build_v by_o the_o tuscian_o and_o as_o many_o other_o city_n in_o these_o part_n afterward_o it_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o borian_n and_o in_o process_n of_o time_n the_o roman_n be_v lord_n of_o it_o who_o as_o livy_n deliver_v lib._n 29._o in_o the_o year_n 570._o bring_v thither_o a_o colony_n mar._n tul._n in_o the_o last_o of_o his_o philippic_n bewail_v that_o calamity_n which_o l._n antoninus_n bring_v upon_o it_o afterward_o it_o be_v free_v from_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_a servitude_n and_o now_o it_o sometime_o belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n sometime_o to_o the_o pope_n but_o it_o be_v always_o join_v in_o friendship_n with_o bononia_n it_o endure_v two_o whole_a year_n a_o grievous_a siege_n which_o be_v lay_v against_o it_o by_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o second_o about_o the_o year_n 1248._o because_o it_o take_v part_n with_o the_o pope_n but_o he_o be_v drive_v away_o it_o have_v afterward_o many_o earl_n as_o the_o corregians_n scaliger_n atestians_n also_o the_o galeatians_n and_o the_o sforza_n who_o be_v viscount_n and_o last_o the_o frenchman_n with_o who_o the_o pope_n of_o rome_n do_v often_o contend_v for_o the_o dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n over_o this_o city_n who_o at_o last_o be_v aid_v by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o expulse_v the_o frenchman_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o get_v the_o city_n now_o it_o have_v duke_n the_o first_o whereof_o be_v institute_v by_o the_o pope_n namely_o peter_n aloysius_n farnesius_n the_o son_n of_o pope_n paul_n the_o three_o who_o within_o two_o year_n be_v cruel_o murder_v his_o son_n octavius_n be_v put_v in_o his_o place_n and_o after_o his_o decease_n his_o son_n succeed_v he_o but_o strabo_n and_o ptolemy_n do_v place_n parma_n in_o the_o aemilian_a way_n five_o mile_n from_o the_o apennine_a it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n parma_n or_o as_o other_o suppose_v quod_fw-la parmam_fw-la hoc_fw-la est_fw-la breve_fw-la scutum_fw-la referat_fw-la that_o be_v because_o it_o resemble_v a_o little_a round_a buckler_n or_o target_n which_o be_v call_v parma_n it_o have_v fair_a house_n straight_o broad_a street_n and_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a it_o be_v very_o populous_a and_o seat_v on_o a_o plain_a the_o air_n be_v very_o wholesome_a so_o that_o pliny_n make_v mention_n of_o 5._o man_n of_o parma_n three_o whereof_o live_v 120._o year_n and_o two_o 130._o year_n the_o winter_n and_o summer_n be_v temperate_a it_o have_v a_o strong_a castle_n and_o many_o palace_n belong_v to_o prince_n and_o noble_a family_n in_o the_o marketplace_n which_o be_v very_o large_a there_o be_v a_o fair_a fountain_n and_o a_o church_n build_v in_o imitation_n of_o the_o roman_a fashion_n and_o a_o bell_n hang_v on_o three_o pillar_n and_o a_o steeple_n like_o that_o at_o bononia_n the_o suburb_n be_v divide_v from_o it_o by_o a_o river_n of_o the_o same_o name_n and_o it_o be_v a_o archbishopric_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v comely_a noble_a martial_a courageous_a and_o witty_a also_o the_o ancient_a and_o noble_a city_n placentia_n have_v a_o duke_n as_o well_o as_o parma_n which_o ptolemy_n and_o other_o call_v plakentia_n and_o common_o piazenza_n it_o be_v seat_v near_o po_n from_o which_o it_o be_v distant_a about_o 1000_o foot_n it_o stand_v in_o a_o pleasant_a soil_n and_o glori_v in_o her_o fruitful_a field_n and_o famous_a citizen_n the_o wall_n be_v new_a the_o bulwark_n and_o fortification_n very_o large_a and_o strong_a it_o be_v also_o a_o bishopric_n it_o have_v a_o school_n for_o all_o art_n and_o discipline_n the_o field_n round_o about_o this_o city_n in_o regard_n they_o be_v well_o water_v do_v yield_v wine_n oil_n corn_n and_o all_o kind_n of_o fruit_n for_o it_o have_v many_o spring_n rivers_n and_o rivulet_n which_o do_v water_n the_o pasture_n and_o meadow_n the_o dukedom_n of_o mantua_n the_o dukedom_n of_o mantua_n be_v so_o name_v from_o the_o city_n mantua_n it_o be_v first_o govern_v by_o the_o thuscian_o who_o build_v this_o city_n afterward_o the_o french_a cenomanian_n do_v govern_v it_o after_o who_o the_o roman_n obtain_v it_o it_o endure_v much_o misery_n under_o the_o triumvirate_n for_o when_o cremona_n be_v leave_v as_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o conqueror_n it_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o territory_n by_o his_o vicinity_n and_o neighbourhood_n unto_o it_o whence_o virgil_n say_v mantuavae_fw-la miserae_fw-la nimium_fw-la vicina_fw-la cremona_n mantua_n alas_o do_v stand_n too_o nigh_o cremona_n oppress_v with_o misery_n there_o succeed_v after_o the_o roman_n the_o goth_n and_o langbard_n who_o be_v expel_v it_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o afterward_o decay_v it_o get_v liberty_n with_o many_o other_o city_n which_o it_o enjoy_v until_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o second_o give_v it_o to_o theobald_n earl_n of_o canossaw_n there_o succeed_v after_o he_o his_o son_n boniface_n and_o he_o die_v without_o any_o issue_n male_a his_o wife_n beatrix_n and_o his_o daughter_n mathilde_n succeed_v who_o much_o enlarge_v mantua_n that_o city_n which_o strabo_n and_o ptolemy_n do_v call_v mantua_n be_v now_o call_v mantoa_n divers_a have_v sundry_a opinion_n concern_v the_o original_n of_o this_o city_n howsoever_o the_o original_n be_v most_o ancient_a it_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o marsh_n which_o the_o river_n mincius_n flow_v out_o of_o the_o lake_n benacum_fw-la do_v make_v neither_o can_v you_o go_v unto_o it_o but_o by_o great_a high_a bridge_n hence_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o natural_a situation_n it_o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o strong_a city_n of_o italy_n it_o be_v a_o fair_a city_n adorn_v with_o magnificent_a public_a and_o private_a building_n and_o fair_a street_n the_o county_n of_o bressia_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mediolanum_n the_o county_n of_o bressia_n and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mediolanum_n brescia_n episcopatus_fw-la mediolanun_n ducatus_fw-la hic_fw-la locus_fw-la odit_fw-la amat_fw-la punit_fw-la conservat_fw-la honorat_fw-la nequitiem_fw-la pacem_fw-la crimina_fw-la jura_fw-la probos_fw-la this_o place_n do_v love_n 1_o hate_v 2_o punish_v
of_o barley_n millet_n vetch_n bean_n and_o other_o pulse_n it_o have_v abundance_n of_o ebon_n wood_n and_o indian_a pepper_n cinnamon_n and_o ginger_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o sugar_n cane_n but_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o boil_v and_o refine_v the_o sugar_n here_o be_v many_o vine_n but_o they_o use_v no_o wine_n except_o it_o be_v in_o the_o king_n or_o the_o great_a patriarch_n court_n it_o have_v also_o great_a store_n of_o orange_n and_o lemon_n and_o also_o great_a store_n of_o honey_n for_o bee_n do_v breed_v even_o in_o their_o house_n so_o that_o they_o make_v such_o store_n of_o wax_n as_o serve_v all_o the_o country_n to_o make_v candle_n without_o tallow_n or_o suet._n this_o country_n have_v also_o hemp_n and_o flax_n but_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v not_o the_o art_n to_o make_v linen_n the_o dukedom_n of_o the_o abissines·_n abissinorum_n regnum_n cloth_n of_o it_o and_o therefore_o they_o make_v their_o cloth_n of_o cotton_n wool_n of_o which_o there_o be_v great_a store_n here_o they_o have_v metal_n as_o gold_n silver_n and_o brass_n but_o they_o have_v not_o the_o art_n to_o refine_v it_o moreover_o this_o country_n have_v all_o kind_n of_o beast_n and_o bird_n creature_n as_o elephant_n lion_n tiger_n leopard_n rhinocerite_n ape_n and_o heart_n which_o be_v against_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o ancient_n who_o deny_v that_o africa_n have_v any_o heart_n also_o ox_n sheep_n goat_n ass_n camel_n horse_n and_o they_o be_v oftentimes_o much_o trouble_v with_o locust_n this_o country_n be_v heretofore_o govern_v only_o by_o queen_n so_o that_o we_o read_v in_o the_o old_a testament_n that_o the_o queen_n of_o sheba_n of_o the_o south_n come_v to_o king_n solomon_n to_o hear_v his_o admirable_a wisdom_n about_o the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 2954._o this_o queen_n name_n be_v maqueda_n the_o aethiopian_a king_n do_v believe_v that_o they_o be_v descend_v of_o the_o stock_n of_o david_n and_o the_o family_n of_o solomon_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v wont_v to_o style_v themselves_o the_o son_n of_o david_n and_o solomon_n and_o of_o the_o holy_a patriarck_n because_o they_o be_v come_v of_o their_o seed_n for_o they_o do_v fain_o that_o the_o aforesaid_a queen_n maqueda_n have_v a_o son_n by_o solomon_n who_o they_o call_v meilech_n and_o afterward_o he_o be_v call_v david_n he_o according_a to_o their_o fiction_n when_o he_o have_v attain_v to_o 20._o year_n of_o age_n be_v send_v by_o his_o mother_n to_o his_o father_n solomon_n that_o he_o may_v instruct_v he_o in_o all_o profitable_a and_o wholesome_a learning_n and_o wisdom_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o meilech_n or_o david_n have_v attain_v unto_o he_o choose_v many_o priest_n and_o earl_n out_o of_o every_o one_o of_o the_o 12._o tribe_n and_o so_o return_v back_o to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o aethiope_n he_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o government_n thereof_o and_o he_o bring_v in_o with_o he_o the_o old_a law_n and_o circumcision_n these_o be_v the_o first_o beginning_n of_o the_o jew_n religion_n in_o aethiopia_n and_o they_o say_v that_o until_o this_o day_n there_o be_v none_o admit_v to_o any_o office_n in_o court_n or_o canonical_a place_n unless_o he_o be_v descend_v from_o the_o jew_n and_o by_o they_o the_o knowledge_n of_o god_n be_v propagate_v in_o aethiopia_n and_o take_v root_n and_o so_o be_v derive_v and_o spread_v abroad_o by_o succeed_a age_n for_o the_o aethiopian_n have_v the_o book_n of_o the_o prophet_n and_o go_v to_o jerusalem_n to_o adore_v and_o worship_v the_o true_a god_n of_o israel_n which_o may_v be_v understand_v by_o the_o story_n of_o queen_n judiths_n eunuch_n who_o be_v proper_o call_v judith_n for_o he_o 10._o year_n after_o the_o death_n and_o resurrection_n of_o jesus_n christ_n come_v 240._o mile_n journey_n to_o jerusalem_n and_o when_o he_o have_v there_o worship_v god_n and_o be_v return_v home_n sit_v in_o his_o chariot_n he_o read_v the_o prophet_n esaiah_n and_o so_o philip_n one_o of_o christ_n disciple_n by_o god_n command_n be_v send_v unto_o he_o and_o when_o they_o come_v both_o to_o the_o city_n bethzur_n three_o mile_n from_o jerusalem_n there_o the_o eunuch_n spy_v a_o spring_n or_o well_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n with_o the_o water_n whereof_o he_o be_v baptize_v by_o philip._n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o eunuch_n return_v into_o aethiopia_n he_o baptize_v the_o queen_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o her_o household_n and_o people_n from_o which_o time_n the_o aethiopian_n begin_v to_o be_v christian_n and_o always_o afterward_o profess_v the_o christian_a faith_n there_o be_v few_o city_n in_o all_o this_o empire_n so_o that_o they_o dwell_v in_o village_n the_o chief_a kingdom_n belong_v to_o the_o high_a aethiopia_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n subject_n to_o prester_n john_n be_v these_o follow_v the_o kingdom_n of_o barnague_n which_o be_v enclose_v with_o the_o river_n abanthus_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v beroae_n or_o barnae_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v colone_n here_o the_o viceroy_n live_v who_o pay_v yearly_o to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o abyssine_n and_o 150._o horse_n for_o a_o tribute_n with_o silk_n and_o other_o commodity_n and_o 1000_o ounce_n of_o gold_n to_o the_o turk_n bashaw_n tigremaon_n which_o be_v next_o unto_o the_o river_n marabus_n and_o the_o red_a sea_n do_v pay_v yearly_o to_o the_o king_n 200._o horse_n which_o be_v bring_v out_o of_o arabia_n unto_o this_o kingdom_n the_o kingdom_n of_o tigrai_n be_v subject_a in_o which_o there_o be_v the_o city_n caxumo_n or_o cassume_v which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o seat_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o annal_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o sheba_n and_o afterward_o of_o queen_n candace_n the_o kingdom_n of_o angote_n have_v no_o money_n and_o therefore_o they_o use_v in_o stead_n thereof_o piece_n of_o salt_n and_o iron_n amara_fw-la be_v so_o call_v from_o the_o mountain_n in_o which_o the_o emperor_n son_n be_v keep_v with_o a_o strong_a garrison_n that_o after_o the_o emperor_n decease_n the_o heir_n may_v be_v bring_v out_o there_o be_v two_o memorable_a river_n in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o do_v glide_v through_o aethiopia_n abanhi_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v astapus_n and_o tacassi_n which_o ptolemy_n call_v astraboras_n into_o which_o many_o other_o river_n do_v run_v the_o fountain_n of_o abanhi_n be_v the_o great_a lake_n of_o barcena_n lie_v under_o the_o aequinoctial_a in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o land_n this_o lake_n ptolemy_n call_v coloe_n palus_n or_o the_o lake_n coloe_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v profess_v the_o christian_a religion_n inhabitant_n and_o the_o chief_a article_n of_o their_o faith_n be_v these_o they_o believe_v in_o one_o god_n creator_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n distinguish_v into_o three_o person_n god_n the_o son_n beget_v of_o the_o father_n from_o all_o eternity_n who_o for_o our_o sake_n take_v flesh_n upon_o he_o be_v dead_a and_z rise_v again_o and_o god_n the_o holy_a ghost_n proceed_v from_o the_o father_n and_o the_o son_n this_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o their_o religion_n they_o do_v join_v the_o old_a testament_n with_o â—he_n new_a so_o that_o they_o follow_v some_o judaical_a and_o some_o christian_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n on_o the_o eight_o day_n they_o circumcise_v all_o their_o infant_n both_o male_a and_o female_a but_o they_o think_v that_o circumcision_n avail_v nothing_o to_o salvation_n but_o only_a faith_n in_o christ_n jesus_n but_o they_o baptize_v their_o male_a child_n on_o the_o 40._o day_n and_o their_o female_n on_o the_o 80._o day_n unless_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o child_n do_v require_v haste_n they_o every_o year_n baptize_v they_o anew_o both_o those_o that_o be_v come_v to_o ripeness_n of_o year_n and_o also_o infant_n say_v these_o word_n ego_fw-la te_fw-la baptizo_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la patris_fw-la silij_fw-la &_o spiritus_fw-la sancti_fw-la that_o be_v i_o baptize_v thou_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n and_o they_o do_v religious_o keep_v this_o custom_n from_o their_o ancestor_n not_o to_o extenuate_v or_o weaken_v the_o first_o baptism_n but_o that_o they_o may_v have_v absolution_n from_o their_o sin_n every_o year_n they_o receive_v the_o lord_n supper_n sub_fw-la utraque_fw-la specie_fw-la or_o in_o both_o kind_n both_o the_o lay-people_n and_o the_o clergy_n they_o do_v not_o esteem_v or_o use_v confirmation_n and_o extreme_a unction_n as_o a_o sacrament_n they_o keep_v the_o sabbath_n and_o the_o lord_n day_n without_o do_v any_o work_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o the_o christian_n they_o hold_v that_o the_o chief_a use_n of_o the_o law_n be_v to_o show_v we_o our_o sin_n and_o they_o believe_v that_o we_o can_v be_v save_v by_o no_o other_o but_o jesus_n christ_n who_o fulfil_v and_o satisfy_v the_o
in_o the_o city_n ciandu_fw-fr and_o there_o be_v another_o in_o the_o same_o city_n and_o another_o in_o the_o city_n cambalu_n build_v very_o curious_o and_o it_o be_v about_o 4._o mile_n in_o compass_n every_o quadrangle_n contain_v a_o mile_n it_o have_v a_o very_a thick_a wall_n which_o be_v 10._o pace_n high_a the_o outward_a superficies_n of_o it_o be_v white_a and_o red_a in_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o the_o wall_n there_o be_v a_o fair_a great_a palace_n which_o be_v in_o stead_n of_o a_o castle_n and_o so_o likewise_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o fore_a wall_n there_o be_v a_o fair_a palace_n build_v so_o that_o there_o be_v 8._o palace_n in_o all_o in_o these_o they_o keep_v their_o armour_n their_o warlike_a furniture_n their_o ordnance_n their_o bow_n arrow_n quiver_n spur_n bridle_n lance_n bowstring_n and_o other_o thing_n necessary_a in_o war_n and_o every_o several_a kind_n of_o armour_n be_v lay_v up_o and_o keep_v in_o several_a palace_n but_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o they_o or_o the_o innermost_a court_n be_v the_o king_n palace_n in_o which_o the_o king_n dwell_v this_o palace_n have_v no_o chamber_n but_o the_o low_a pavement_n thereof_o be_v raise_v 10._o hand_n breadth_n from_o the_o ground_n the_o roof_n be_v very_o high_a and_o adorn_v with_o picture_n the_o wall_n of_o the_o court_n yard_n and_o dining-roome_n do_v glister_n with_o gold_n and_o silver_n at_o the_o first_o entrance_n there_o be_v fair_a picture_n to_o entertain_v the_o eye_n and_o warlike_a history_n draw_v forth_o with_o gold_n and_o lively_a colour_n the_o great_a cham_n have_v twelve_o baron_n in_o his_o court_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o his_o 34._o province_n and_o it_o be_v their_o office_n to_o appoint_v two_o rector_n or_o governor_n in_o every_o province_n and_o they_o be_v to_o provide_v thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o king_n army_n wheresoever_o it_o be_v and_o they_o acquaint_v the_o king_n with_o their_o purpose_n who_o by_o his_o authority_n confirm_v their_o determination_n malefactor_n be_v punish_v in_o tartary_n after_o this_o manner_n if_o any_o one_o have_v steal_v some_o small_a matter_n which_o do_v not_o deserve_v death_n he_o be_v beat_v 7._o time_n with_o a_o staff_n or_o cudgel_n and_o have_v 17._o blow_n or_o stroke_n give_v he_o at_o a_o time_n or_o 27._o blow_n or_o 47._o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o his_o offence_n until_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o a_o hundred_o and_o 10._o stripe_n or_o stroke_n and_o some_o do_v die_v upon_o this_o beat_n but_o if_o any_o one_o have_v steal_v a_o horse_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n that_o deserve_v death_n he_o have_v a_o sword_n thrust_v through_o he_o but_o he_o that_o will_v buy_v out_o his_o life_n he_o must_v restore_v nine_o time_n as_o much_o as_o that_o which_o he_o steal_v be_v worth_a if_o any_o man_n or_o woman_n be_v take_v in_o adultery_n they_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o the_o law_n the_o tartarian_n be_v divide_v into_o horde_n which_o word_n signify_v among_o they_o a_o tribe_n or_o company_n and_o as_o they_o live_v in_o several_a province_n far_o distant_a one_o from_o another_o so_o they_o be_v as_o far_o distant_a and_o different_a one_o from_o another_o in_o their_o manner_n and_o kind_n of_o life_n the_o man_n be_v of_o a_o strong_a square_n set_v stature_n have_v broad_a fat_a face_n dark_a hollow_a eye_n have_v great_a rough_a beard_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o hair_n be_v shave_v they_o be_v strong_a of_o body_n and_o bold_a in_o courage_n and_o can_v endure_v want_n and_o labour_n when_o they_o be_v on_o horseback_n if_o they_o chance_v to_o be_v hungry_a or_o thirsty_a they_o cut_v their_o horse_n vein_n and_o so_o drink_v his_o blood_n it_o be_v a_o profane_a ard_n barbarous_a nation_n who_o make_v war_n their_o right_n and_o strength_n and_o power_n their_o law_n many_o of_o they_o have_v no_o house_n but_o do_v live_v in_o cart_n and_o because_o they_o wander_v from_o place_n to_o place_n they_o do_v usual_o direct_v their_o course_n by_o the_o star_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o north_n pole_n they_o do_v not_o tarry_v long_o in_o one_o place_n for_o they_o think_v it_o a_o great_a unhappiness_n to_o continue_v long_o in_o the_o same_o place_n they_o have_v on_o use_v of_o money_n and_o therefore_o they_o exchange_v one_o thing_n for_o another_o they_o say_v that_o they_o be_v ismaelite_n and_o receive_v the_o law_n of_o mahomet_n in_o the_o year_n 1246._o the_o tartar_n do_v feed_v on_o gross_a meat_n and_o especial_o on_o flesh_n and_o that_o raw_a or_o half_a sod_a and_o on_o milk_n and_o cheese_n but_o they_o abstain_v from_o hogs-flesh_n they_o drink_v mare_n milk_n which_o they_o do_v so_o temper_v that_o it_o be_v like_o white_a wine_n and_o be_v a_o savoury_a well-tasted_n drink_v they_o feed_v very_o sluttish_o for_o they_o neither_o use_v table-clothe_n or_o napkin_n neither_o do_v they_o wash_v their_o hand_n body_n or_o garment_n they_o drink_v also_o water_n and_o milk_n and_o a_o kind_n of_o beer_n make_v of_o millet_n the_o kingdom_n of_o china·_n china_n be_v a_o large_a and_o potent_a kingdom_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v call_v it_o tame_a and_o themselves_o tangis_fw-la ptolemy_n call_v they_o sinas_fw-la which_o ortelius_n like_v of_o who_o the_o most_o do_v follow_v or_o their_o neighbour_n the_o cathajans_n which_o mercator_n do_v more_o approve_v of_o all_o this_o country_n be_v situate_a by_o the_o eastern_a ocean_n and_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o far_a country_n eastward_o the_o bound_n thereof_o on_o the_o east_n be_v the_o eastern_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n the_o province_n of_o cauchinchina_n on_o the_o west_n brachmana_n on_o the_o north_n the_o tartarian_n a_o warlike_a nation_n from_o who_o they_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o mountain_n and_o a_o long_a wall_n which_o do_v reach_v 500_o mile_n the_o historian_n of_o china_n do_v report_n that_o this_o wall_n be_v build_v long_o since_o by_o a_o king_n who_o name_n be_v tzinzou_n after_o that_o by_o his_o wisdom_n he_o have_v free_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o tartar_n which_o they_o have_v endure_v 93._o year_n this_o country_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o goodness_n of_o the_o air_n and_o soil_n and_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o people_n be_v very_o fruitful_a for_o the_o man_n be_v not_o slothful_a but_o laborious_a so_o that_o they_o scorn_v to_o live_v idle_o whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o every_o corner_n of_o this_o country_n do_v produce_v and_o bring_v forth_o something_a they_o sow_v the_o dry_a ground_n with_o wheat_n and_o barley_n the_o plain_a wet_a moorish_a place_n with_o rice_n which_o they_o sow_v four_o time_n every_o year_n the_o hill_n and_o mountain_n have_v abundance_n of_o pine-tree_n between_o which_o they_o sow_v millet_n and_o pulse_n so_o that_o every_o place_n and_o field_n bear_v some_o fruit_n and_o there_o be_v every_o where_o garden_n full_a of_o rose_n and_o divers_a kind_n of_o flower_n and_o fruit_n they_o have_v great_a store_n of_o hemp_n and_o flax_n and_o wood_n of_o mulberry_n tree_n for_o keep_v of_o silkworm_n moreover_o there_o be_v great_a store_n of_o gold_n silver_n brass_n iron_n and_o other_o metal_n also_o precious_a stone_n pearl_n musk_n sugar_n and_o rheubarb_n and_o that_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o best_a which_o be_v bring_v from_o thence_o through_o persia_n by_o land_n for_o some_o think_v that_o the_o sea_n do_v take_v away_o much_o virtue_n from_o it_o this_o kingdom_n also_o do_v produce_v and_o yield_v a_o medicinable_a kind_n of_o wood_n which_o the_o people_n of_o china_n do_v call_v lampala_n and_o we_o radix_fw-la chinae_fw-la or_o the_o china_n root_n and_o it_o be_v common_o use_v through_o all_o the_o indies_n against_o impostume_n the_o palsy_n and_o the_o french_a disease_n the_o root_n of_o it_o be_v hard_a and_o heavy_a and_o of_o a_o white_a colour_n there_o be_v infinite_a store_n of_o cattle_n on_o the_o mountain_n and_o in_o the_o meadow_n the_o wood_n be_v full_a of_o boar_n fox_n hare_n coney_n sable_n martin_n and_o other_o beast_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n who_o skin_n be_v much_o use_v for_o line_v of_o garment_n so_o that_o it_o be_v both_o pleasant_a and_o profitable_a hunt_n of_o they_o there_o be_v also_o great_a plenty_n of_o bird_n especial_o water_n fowl_n and_o such_o great_a store_n of_o duck_n that_o in_o canton_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o least_o city_n of_o this_o kingdom_n 10._o or_o 12._o thousand_o duck_n be_v spend_v in_o one_o day_n and_o though_o this_o country_n have_v great_a store_n of_o fowl_n yet_o they_o make_v they_o increase_v by_o this_o mean_n in_o the_o spring_n time_n they_o lie_v two_o or_o three_o thousand_o egg_n in_o the_o sand_n by_o