meet the Acido-Saline Particles of the humours and are combin'd with them they loosen the Texture of the Blood and at the same strongly agitate its Mass by reason of their Heterogenous mixture Hence for a ready separation and driving forth of the Serosities through the Pores of the Skin those things are prescrib'd in the form of a Powder Bolus and Liquor Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Scruple Cristal Mineral fifteen Grains Bezoartick Powder a Scruple mix them Let it be given in a spoonful of Sudorifick water Take Salt of Tartar a Scruple Ceruse of Antimony twenty five Grains Make a Powder let it be given after the same manner Take Powder of Bezoartick Mineral from a Scruple to half a Dram Gascoins Powder a Scruple Make a Powder let it he given in like manner Take Ceruse of Antimony from a Scruple to half a Dram Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Scruple Make a Powder 2. Those things may be given in the form of a Bolus by mixing the aforesaid Doses with Treacle Mithridate or Diascordium or with the extract of Carduus Gentian or the like Take Bezoartick Mineral a Scruple Flowers of Sal Armonicak six Grains Mithridate half a Dram Make a Bolus Take Salt of Hartshorn eight Grains Bezoartick Powder fifteen Grains Extractum Theriacale a Scruple Make a Bolus or three Pills If a Liquid Form be more proper Take Spirit of Hartshorn or of Soot or of Sal Armoniack from fifteen Grains to twently Sudorifick water from an Ounce to three Ounces Make a draught let it be taken with governance Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Scruple Salt of Tartar fifteen Grains Sudorifick water three Ounces Mix them make a draught 3. Diaphoreticks which have a Nitrous Salt for their Basis are wont to give relief generally in the same cases as those above made of a fixt and a volatile Salt because they destroy the predominancy of the Acid Salt and dispose the mixture of the Blood after such a manner that as it boils its Serum and Recrements are readily separated and discharged from it Take Cristal Mineral three Drams Salt of Hartshorn or of Soot or of Vipers a Dram Mix them the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram in a fit Vehicle Take Sal Prunella two Drams Bezoartick Mineral or Ceruse of Antimony a Dram Make a Powder the Dose is from two Scruples to a Dram. 4. Diaphoreticks whose ground is an Acid Salt have a peculiar efficacy against the predominancy of a fixt Salt and Sulphur viz. if at any time the Mass of Blood by reason of Salino-fixt Particles combin'd with Sulphureous or Terrene Particles in it comes to be too much lock'd up and close bound that it does not easily let go its Serosities to be expell'd by Sweat as it sometimes happens in continual Fevers and in Scorbutick affects the Acid Salt after the Medicine is given meeting the fixt Salt in the Body and laying fast hold on it makes void its undue combinations and so opens the boiling Blood and disposes it for a Sweat Take Spirit of Tartar from half a Dram to a Dram Sudorifick water three Ounces Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Scruple Mix them Take of the simple mixture from half a Dram to two Scruples Give it in a spoonful of Treacle water or Bezoartick water Take Bezoartick Vinegar from half an Ounce to an Ounce Carduus water two Ounces Plague water six Drams Mix them make a draught Take Spirit of Guaiacum a Dram Sudorifick water three Ounces Mix them make a draught Some things meerly or for the greatest part Sulphureous are commonly plac'd in the rank of Diaphoreticks As for instance some Natural and other Artificial Balsams also Chymical Oyls as chiefly of Guaiacum Box Camphire Hartshorn and Soot So likewise the Resinous Extracts of Ponderous Woods with many others which though by themselves they do little for raising Sweat yet being join'd with the other Saline Medicines I do not think them altogether unprofitable because in a cold and Over-phlegmatick Constitution Sulphureo-Saline Medicines Rarify the Blood which is then become too watry and dispose it to a free evaporation no less than such as are Spirituous Take of Opobalsamum from Six Drops to twelve Water of Baum or of Ground Ivy three Ounces Sudorifick water half an Ounce Let it be taken every Morning to provoke Sweat for many days together It is proper for Phthisical Persons and such as have Vlcers in the Reins And so but in a greater Dose may be given the Balsam of Peru also the Tincture of the Balsam of Tolu and likewise compounded Balsams gotten by distillation Take Rosin of Guaiacum powdred two Drams Chymical Oyl of the same a Scruple Bezoartick Mineral Gumm Guaiacum of each a Dram and a half Balsam of Peru what suffices Make a Mass for Pills the Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples drinking after it a Dose of the Sudorifick water or of the Decoction of Woods CHAP. VIII Instructions and Prescripts for Curing an Excessive or Depraved Sweating FRequent and immoderate Sweating is sometimes the Symptom of some other Disease then affecting the Person for in the Phthisick and Scurvy this is a common thing The reason of it is that the Blood tainted with some filthy infection or become of an ill habit is not able duly to concoct and assimilate the nutritive Juice still passing into its Mass and therefore always degenerating and coming now and then to be full charg'd by the addition of other Excrements it separates them and expells them by Sweat The Cure of this Sweating depends wholly on the Cure of the Diseass whose Symptom it is In the mean time those copious Night-sweats happening in those Diseases plainly shew that the Persons Diet ought to be altogether of light food viz. Milk Grnel Cream of Barly and the like whose gentle and mild Particles the Blood can bear and not of Flesh or strong substances Sometimes an excessive Sweating is the effect of some foregoing Disease which is brought to an end and this is so common a thing after long Agues that scarce any recover of them but this Indisposition still sticks upon them more or less I knew a young man who as he grew well of a Quartan Ague which had held him ten Months and began to lose its fits daily melted into such profuse Sweats that he was fain to change his Shift and Sheets thrice a Night being as wet as though they had been dipt in water This Evacuation continuing so for many Weeks his Flesh so fell away and his strength was so exhausted that he look'd like a Skeleton This Person when he had us'd many Medicines a long time without much benefit at length by drinking Asses Milk Mornings and Evenings and his other Diet being ordered of Cows Milk he grew very well in a short time The chief cause of frequent and copious Sweats seems to consist in the ill habit and weakness of the Blood in that it
propose that known Medicine Take Salt of Wormwood a Scruple Carduus water three Ounces Spirit of Vitriol or Oyl of Sulphur a Scruple Syrup of Violets three Drams Make a draught to be taken three or four hours before the Fit Take the waters of whole Citrons and of Wood Sorrel of each half a pound Salt of Tartar a Dram and a half Juice of Limmons two Drams Sugar half an Ounce mix them make a Julape the use of it is in Anomalous Fevers which though always burning have daily returns of sharp fits The Dose is three Ounces twice a day The last rank of Cordials and truly in some respect the chiefest is of Alexipharmicks because these are more vital than the rest But Alexipharmicks being either for preservation or for Curing In the first place we shall set down Select Medicines to be given to persons whilst yet in a state of health against the Infection of the Plague or any Malignity whatsoever omitting in the mean time what is usually ordered concerning the alteration and rectifying of the Ambient Air And then in the second place we shall give you Select Forms of Prescripts to be used after the Contagion is taken 1. Antidotes for Preservation TAke Conserve of the Leaves of Rue four Ounces Mithridate and Confectio liberantis of each an Ounce Confection of Hyacinth two Drams Salt of Wormwood two Drams and a half Pulvis pannonici rubri half an Ounce Bezoartick Vinegar what suffices Make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Chesnut thrice a day Take Powder of the Roots of Virginia Serpentary Contrayerva Zedoary Species liberantis of each two Drams Camphire two Scruples Sugar dissolv'd in Bezoartick Vinegar and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets six Ounces Make Tablets according to art each weighing half a Dram let one or two be eaten often in a day Take Roots of Virginia Serpentary three Ounces boil them in three pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd to the straining add of the best Honey two Ounces Venice Treacle an Ounce dissolve it warm and close cover'd and strain it The Dose is two or three spoonfuls three or four times a day Take Flowers of Sulphur four Ounces melt them in a Crucible then put into it by spoonfuls one after another Salt of Wormwood four Ounces stirring them together 'till the whole Mass grows red then add the Powders of Aloes Myrrh Olibanum of each a Dram Saffron half a Dram stir them again for a quarter of an hour till they are incorporated the Mass being cool'd and put on a glass plate let it stand till it dissolves into an Oyl like a most beautiful Ruby The Dose is from ten drops to twenty in an Ounce and a half or two Ounces of the Bezoartick water twice a day Or pour to the said Powder some spirit of Wine rectified on the Roots of Contrayerva and Virginia Serpentary till it cover them three fingers over draw forth a Tincture The Dose is from twenty drops to thirty in a fit Vehicle Or Take of the same Powder half an Ounce pour to it of the best Canary two pounds let it dissolve close cover'd and warm The Dose is a spoonful twice or thrice a day After the Contagion is receiv'd and the Crasis of the Blood is vitiated and begins to corrupt the same Medicines are still proper to be taken but in a greater Dose and oftner Moreover the Vinegars and fixt Salts of Herbs are very often added with good success to Alexipharmicks because by them the Coagulations of the Blood are resolv'd and then all Heterogeneous Particles evaporating and the other being brought into a due mixture its liquor at length recovers its former state and keeps it There being innumerable Medicines in the Books of Physicians for this end I shall here only set down a few Antidotes for Curing TAke of the Bezoartick water two Ounces and a half Bezoartick Vinegar half an Ounce Venice Treacle a Dram mix them by shaking them in a Glass Make a draught let the person take it and sweat upon it Take Gascoins Powder Roots of Contrayerva and Virginia Serpentary of each from a Scruple to twenty five Grains Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Treacle water drink after it a little draught of the same or of a Cordial Julape Take Powder of Teads prepar'd Powder of Crabs Claws Compound of each half a Dram Make a Powder give it after the same manner Take Bezoartick Mineral half a Dram Venice Treacle a Dram Camphire six Grains Bezoartick Vinegar what suffices Make a Bolus to be taken after the same manner Take the waters of Wood Sorrel and Dragon-wort of each four Ounces Water of Scordium Compound two Ounces Treacle water and Bezoartick water of each an Ounce Powder of Pearl a Dram Syrup of Clove-Gillyflowers or of the Juice of Citrons two Ounces spirit of Vitriol twelve drops Make a Julape the Dose is three Ounces often in a day sometimes by it self sometimes with other Medicines CHAP. X. Of the Passions of the Heart and their Remedies AFter Cordial Medicines vulgarly though improperly so call'd it now follows for us to treat of the Passion of the Heart in which the Heart is really ill affected and therefore requires true Cordial Medicines Under that name two affects somewhat differing betwixt themselves are commonly denoted to wit The trembling of the Heart and its panting In both affects the motion or beat of the Heart seems to be disorderly and in a manner Convulsive but the irregularity of the first consists in the frequency of its Vibrations and of the other in their vehemency As to the Cure of the panting of the Heart since its Causes are various and manifold its Cure also must be various for what some affirm that those sorts of Remedies vulgarly call'd Cordials which are reputed to revive the Heart and to relieve it when ill affected are proper in any of all these Cases it is contrary both to reason and common experience We say then that the palpitation or panting of the Heart proceeds either from the fault of the Blood or of the Arteries belonging to the Heart If it happens through the fault of the Blood the chief intent of Curing must be to raise the Blood to a better Crasis it being then become too watery and unmeet for accension and fermenting and to exalt or encrease its active principles which are then depress'd or diminish'd for which end spirituous Medicines also saline Medicines of all kinds Sulphureous and especially Chalybeates conduce And to this place may be referr'd those things which are wont to be prescribed in the Pica or longing Disease in the Leucophlegmatia and in the cold Scurvy Take Conserve of Sea Wormwood the outward yellow Coats of Oranges and Limmons of each two Ounces Powder of Winters Barke two Drams Species of Diacurcuma a Dram Steel prepar'd with Sulphur three Drams Salt of Wormwood a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of
and likewise moderate Hypnoticks especially Diacodiats are taken with good success For these by putting a stay to the motion of the Heart allay the fervour of the Blood 2. To close the Aperture of the Vessel Astringent Remedies and Agglutinatives are most proper The chief of these are usually given in the Form of a Linctus so that some of its Particles in swallowing falling on the Aspera Arteria may more immediately communicate their vertue to the part affected But the way of this Operation seems to be of no great moment because the Efficacy of the Medicines reaches chiefly and in a manner only by the way of the Blood to the Root of the Disease Wherefore not only Lohoch's but likewise Decoctions Powders and Pills of Traumatick and Balsamick Ingredients are successfully prescrib'd The Second Indication which is for preservation having regard to the Cure of the dissolution of Unity without leaving any blemish in the Lungs ought to provide against two sorts of evils viz. That the Spitting Blood to which the Persons affected will be always subject does not return at times and that the Consumption which threatens all those that Spit Blood does not follow it For which ends in order to the prevention of this Disease we must take an assiduous care of or use a constant method of Cure to the Blood and Lungs 1. As to the Blood its Mass ought always to be kept in a due quantity a just temper and a gentle and continued motion Hence lest it abound too much or being affected with an evil temperament grows turgid or deposes impure dregs in the Brest we must sometimes use Bleeding and a gentle Purge an exact Form of Diet is always necessary Moreover drinking of Asses Milk or of Mineral Waters contribute sometimes egregiously to the purifying and sweetning of the Blood Again Decoctions Distill'd Waters Juices of Herbs which take away the Dyscrasies of the Blood and derive the Serum and other Impurities from the Lungs and carry them forth by Sweat or Urine must be diligently taken Issues also mightily conduce for this end 2. Nor must less care be taken of the Lungs themselves that their whole frame and especially the place affected be preserv'd in a due Conformation and right Tone Hence all violent motion by which Unity is farther dissolv'd or its restauration hindred is carefully to be avoided Let the Person live in a clear and brisk Air though it must not be too sharp and piercing Let him abstain from gross Food long Sleeps large Suppers and other errours in Diet which cause a Repletion or Obstruction in the Praecordia Besides this let Remedies be us'd which are said to Cure the Lungs by a peculiar or certain Specifick Vertue Having given you the method of Curing Blood Spitting I shall now set down some Select Forms of Medicines answering to each of the Therapeutick Indications and to the various intentions of Curing that belong to them And we justly give the precedency to those which encountring the most urgent Symptome presently stop the flowing forth of Blood cast out of the Lungs by a Cough or otherwise In the First rank of these Medicines we place those which hinder the Blood from flowing to the part affected and have a certain Astringency together with an Agglutinative Vertue by which the Aperture of the Vessel is clos'd and after a Glyster and Blooding unless the weakness of the Pulse and a deficiency of heat forbid it they are presently given in the form of a Julape Decoction Emulsion Juicy Expression Powder Pills and Lohochs I shall give you some of the choicest and most efficacious prescripts of each of these as also of Hypnoticks which nevertheless must not be us'd at random and indifferently but every of them methodically and seasonably according to the various Constitution of the Patient and Nature of the Disease as a prudent Physician shall direct 1. Julapes and distill'd Waters TAke the Waters of Purslain and red Poppies of each six Ounces Dragons Blood finely Powdred half a Dram Syrup of red Poppies two Ounces Spirit of Vitriol of Mars half a Scruple Mix them the Dose is three Ounces repeating it within five or six hours Take Plantain water a pound the Gums Tragacanth and Arabick Powdred of each half a Dram mingle them and dissolve them then add Syrup of dry'd Roses an Ounce and a half Make a Julape the Dose is three or four Ounces every third or fourth hour Take the Waters of Oak-buds red Roses and Nymphaea of each four Ounces Blood-stone very finely Powdred Bole Armeniack Powdred of each half a Dram Syrup of Nymphaea two Ounces Mingle them the Dose is three or four Ounces three or four times a day Take of the Dew or insipid Phlegm of Vitriol a pound Syrup of Myrtles two Ounces Mix them the Dose is two or three Ounces often in the day or in the night Take Cypress tops eight handfuls Willow Leaves or Flowers six handfuls Roots of the greater Comphrey and Nymphaea of each half a pound Balaustia two handfuls all being slic'd small together pour to them of fresh Milk eight pounds distil them in Common Organs The Dose is three or four Ounces thrice or oftner in a day Take of this distill'd water and of Plantain water of each half a pound the Gums Tragacanth and Arabick of each two Drams Dissolve them the Dose is three Ounces every third hour The following Mixture is prescrib'd by Frederick Deckers to be taken a Spoonful at a time and seems to be a good Medicine Take Plantain water two Ounces Cinnamon two Drams Confection of Hyacinth a Dram and a half distill'd Vinegar half an Ounce red Coral prepar'd half a Dram Balaustia Dragons Blood of each half a Scruple Laudanum Opiatum three Grains Syrup of Myrtles an Ounce Mingle them Take the Waters of Plantain red Roses and Purslain of each four Ounces Blood-stone and Dragons Blood reduc'd into a fine Powder of each half a Dram Sugar Candy six Drams Make a Julape A Solution of common Vitriol or of Vitriol of Mars made in fountain water and apply'd to a Wound with a rag excellently stops all Fluxes of Blood but it is not proper to be given inwardly 2. Decoctions Tinctures and Emulsions TAke Leaves of Blood-wort Perwincle Mous-ear Plantain Wood-sorrel both sorts of Daisies of each a handful Flowers of red Roses half a handful Barley half an Ounce Raisins two Ounces boil them in three pounds of Water in which red hot Iron has been quench'd till it comes to two pounds add to the straining Syrup of St. Johns wort two Ounces or of Mous-ear Make an Apozeme the Dose is four or six Ounces thrice a day Take Leaves of St. Johns wort Roots and Leaves of Tormentil great Burnet Meadow-sweet of each a handful Seeds of Purslane Plantain and Sorrel of each a Dram Conserve of red Roses half a pound fountain water four pounds Let them boil close in B. M. for twelve hours to the straining add
are wont to use not only by injecting it but by applying it Sympathetically to a Bloody Linnen-cloath I have also known a Water prepar'd of an Infusion of white Vitriol with Bole and Camphire us'd successfully to Wounds and often to other Eruptions of Blood But in regard a water injected into the Nostril does not stick enough to the Mouths of the Vessels but is washt away by the Bloods breaking forth before it can exert its Vertue therefore it is better either that a Stiptick Powder be blown into it or that a Pledget dipt in the water of Vitriol be thrust into the Nostril to the upper part of it either by it self or strew'd to the Nostril to the upper part of it either by it self or strew'd with an Astringent Powder Many Stiptick Powders and of divers kinds are wont to be prescrib'd for this purpose I commonly use either Crocus Martis Calcin'd to the highest reduess or the Powder of Vitriol Camphorated or a Vitriolick Soot scrap't from the bottom of an old Brass Kettle the Powder of which I have often try'd with success in this case In obstinate Haemorrhagies and not yielding to other Remedies let a Pledget having on its top a Caustick Colcother be thrust up into the Nostrils as far as it will go that the little Mouths of the Vessels being burnt and covered with an Eschar all Eruption of Blood may be presently stopt There are many other Errhines famous amongst Practitioners for stopping Blood as Hogs-dung thrust up into the Nostrils which is thought meerly by the Nastiness of its Odour to repel the Blood ready to burst forth Also the Fume of the Blood dropping on a red-hot Iron and return'd up into the Nostrils the Powder of which also when burnt is blown up into them Vsnea or the growing Moss on a Mans Scull which has not been inter'd is highly commended by some for this effect So much of outward Remedies for stopping Bleeding whose Vertue ought likewise to be promoted by inward things seasonably given and cooperating Therefore a thin Dyet being prescrib'd and the Patient ordered to keep himself in an erect posture or not much leaning back whilst the foresaid Administrations are orderly apply'd let Medicines appropriated to the same end be prescrib'd also to be inwardly taken Remedies of this kind have two chief scopes viz. First to cause the Blood being kept within its Vessels to be quietly Circulated its Effervescence whether happning through its Accension or Fermentation being supprest Secondly to retard by fit Remora's the violent Motion of the Heart driving round the Blood too rapidly 1. The first intention requires those kinds of Medicines which suppress the too great Accension of the Blood and appease its undue Fermentation for which uses I am wont to prescribe the following Take the waters of Plantain red Poppies Purslain and of the Spawn of Froggs of each four Ounce Syrup of Water-lillies two Ounces Sal Prunella a Dram mix them make a Julape the Dose is three Ounces thrice or four times a Day Take Barley-water two Pounds red Rose-leaves a handful Spirit of Vitriol as much as will give it a grateful Acidity or about half a Dram make a warm Infusion for extracting the Tincture add Syrup of the Juice of St. John 's Wort two Ounces the Dose is three or four Ounces to take at pleasure often in the Day time or by Night Take Leaves of stinging Nettles and of Plantain of each three handfuls being bruis'd pour to them of Plantain water four Ounces express it strongly and take it 2. For the Second intention viz. to retard the over-violent beat of the Heart Hypnoticks and Opiats are proper Take red Poppy-water three Ounces Syrup of Diacodium half an Ounce Mix them make a Draught to be taken going to Bed Or Take Conserve of red Roses an Ounce and a half Powder of the Seeds of Henbane and of white Poppies of each two Drams Syrup of Poppies what suffices Maek an Opiate The Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg every six or eight hours Or Take Laudanum Cydoniated a Dram the Dose is fifteen Drops twice a Day in a proper Vehicle So much of an immoderate Eruption of Blood and its Cure whilst it happens without a Fever but when it happens in a Fever and must be stay'd because of too much loss of Blood it is either Critical growing to be immoderate by reason of some Accident to which the Method and Medicines even now prescrib'd may be accommodated though with some caution and a due respect to the State of the Fever Or it is meerly Symptomatical which hapning in a Malignant or Spotted-fever the Small-pox Meazles or Plague it scarcely either can or ought to be repell'd or stopt by the foresaid Remedies For letting Blood is not proper repelling Topicks also cooling Julapes or Decoctions or Narcoticks have no place The chief intention of Curing will be to change the Eruption of Blood into a Sweat for upon raising a gentle Sweat the Flux of Blood if it be not extreamly dangerous ceases of its own accord Take water of Meadow-sweet and Tormentil of each four Ounces Of the cold Cordial of Saxonius two Ounces treacle-Treacle-water an Ounce and a half Bezoartick Vinegar three Drams Syrup of Coral an Counce and a half Confection of Hyacinth two Drams make a Julape the Dose is six spoonfuls every third hour Take Powder of Toads prepar'd half a Dram Camphire two Grains let it be taken with the foresaid Julape every sixth hour Or Take Pulvis Pannonici Rubri from half a Dram to two Scruples give it after the same manner Take Confection of Hyacinth three Drams Pulvis Pannonici Rubri a Dram Syrup of Coral what suffices make a Confection the Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg every other hour Take Roots of Bistort and Tormentil of each an Ounce Leaves of Meadow-sweet Burnet Wood-sorrel of each a handful burnt Harts-horn two Drams Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two Drams boyl them in three Pounds of Fountain water to two Pounds add towards the end Conserve of red Roses three Ounces sirain it the Dose is three Ounces often in a Day So far of the first Indication which is Curatory together with the scopes of Curing and the forms of Medicines destinated for an Eruption of Blood from the Nostrils hapning either with or without a Fever The second Indication which is Vital prescribes only a thin Dyet temperate Cordials and a fit ordering of the Patient The provision for the two For former is so small and easy that it seems not necessary to set down a form and rules particularly for them Concerning the latter the chief question is whether we ought to keep those that are seiz'd with an Eruption of Blood either in Bed or out of it It 's an unquestion'd thing that those that are weak and subject to fall often into Swounding Fits ought not to be stir'd from Bed unless haply it be to try a Cure as we have
must have regard both to the Fever and to the fury The feverish burning or immoderate effervescence of the Blood which for the most part is the antecedent cause of the other affect ought in the first place to be restrained and appeased and withall the Animal Spirits ought to be pacified and freed from any violent excandescence If a Frensy happens about the beginning or middle of a Fever in a manner the same remedies and method of Curing conduce for both ends But if that affect happens upon this whilst it is in its greatest force or height the ways of curing often are contrary to each other and there is need of great caution lest while we give help to one disease we increase the other in this case the vital indication concerning the preservation of the strength has the first place and let not Blooding or Purging be used rashly and in a large measure In the former case when the Fever and Frensy are almost of the same standing let Phlebotomy which is seldom or never to be omitted presently be used and if the strength bears it let it be sometimes repeated for nothing depresses and diminishes the immoderate flame of the Blood as much as this Remedy and nothing more removes or withdraws its burning flame from the Animal oeconomy Wherefore if the case requires it let a Vein be opened sometimes in the Arm or Hand sometimes in the Leg or Foot sometimes in the Neck or Forehead sometimes haply it may be expedient to open the Artery of the Temples and sometimes also to draw Blood from other places by Leeches or Cupping-glasses for this is the chiefest relief And according to Galen this being the first and greatest of all Remedies is wont to satisfie a great many indications in the Frensy Moreover to prevent the violent recourse of the febrile matter from the Viscera to the Head Clysters will be of chief use with which if need be let the Belly always be kept soluble Vemits and Purges unless only such as are lenitive have seldome place here Let Cataplasms of Rue Cammomil Vervain Briony Roots Red Poppy-flowers with Soap be applied all over the Feet or in their place let Pidgeons slit in two be applied whilst they are warm Mean while Juleps Apozemes Powders Confections by which both the boylings of the Blood and the excandescence of the Spirits are appeased ought to be prescribed according to occasion Take the waters of Apples Black Cherries Cowslips of each four ounces of whole Citrons two ounces Pearl powdred a dram Syrup of the juice of Citrons an ounce mix them make a Julep let three ounces be taken three or four times a day Take Roots of Grass Leaves of Wood-Sorrel Burnet of each a handful Barley half an ounce Apples slic'd Corinths or Strawberries or Rasberries a handful let them boyl in four pounds of fountain-Fountain-water to the consumption of a third part to the clear straining add Syrup of Violets an ounce Sal Prunella a dram and a half Take fresh and tender leaves of Borage four handfuls Wood-Sorrel two handfuls two Apples pounded to a mash Sal Prunella two drams the pulp of one Orange double refin'd Sugar an ounce being bruis'd together pour to them of fountain-Fountain-water two or three pounds make a strong expression keep it in a glass to be clarified by setling Let six or seven ounces be taken at pleasure often in a day For quenching thirst drink at pleasure the divine drink of Palmarius viz. Fountain Water with Sugar and the Juice of a Limon or Water or Whey with the leaves of Meadow-sweet or Burnet infus'd or boyl'd in them emulsions of a decoction of the roots and flowers of Nymphaea with the seeds of Melons or fountain or distill'd Water with the pulp of boyled Apples dissolved in them Hypnoticks are often necessary in this Disease but such as are strong are not proper presently at the beginning nor may they be frequently used because sleep caused by opiats brings the matter more to the Brain and fixes it there more deeply Take Water of Cowslip flowers four ounces Syrup of Maeconium half an ounce Pearl a scruple make a draught to be taken late at night Take white Poppy-seeds two drams Sugar-candy a dram and a half being bruis'd together pour to them of white poppy-Poppy-water six ounces wring it forth and take it after the same manner Let Narcoticks consisting of meer cold things be given with caution because they do not agree with some whose Stomachs have their fibres very tender and sensible I have often observ'd that these kinds of Hypnoticks have caus'd a great oppression in the Ventricle and that then presently its inflation and a little afterward distractions and disorderings of the Spirits in the Brain nay in the whole Body followed So that not only a frustration of sleep but a mighty restlesness was caus'd Let a dose of liuqid Laudanum prepared with Salt of Tartar or the Juice of Quinces be given in a convenient liquor Epithemes also which provoke Sleep are often applied to the Temples Forehead and Sinciput with success of which kind are Oxyrrhodinum an Embrocation of Water or Milk liniments of the Oyl of Nutmegs by expression and unguentum populneum to which sometimes let five or six grains of Opium be added or a cake of Roses or of Poppy-flowers with Vinegar and Nutmeg c. Again on this account rather than for removing the inflammation of the meninx the warm lungs of a Lamb or Weather also Pidgeons or Chickens cut in two often give an excellent relief For this use the great Burr-dock bruised and mixt with Womans Milk and applied to the Sinciput shaved is greatly commended Also Penotus's Epitheme of twelve grains of Musk half a scruple of Camphire and twenty ounces of Rose-water impregnated with the Tincture of Red Saunders is commended by some Moreover not only to the Head but likewise to the Heart Liver and other parts Epithemes are wont to be applied Let a Sacculus of fine Linnen with lays of cordial Species and Cotton stuck in it and irrigated with the distilled Water or Vinegar of Roses be applied to the Praecordia also let Linnen Cloaths dipt in Vinegar of Roses be laid on the Testles Let the Feet be bathed with a decoction of the leaves of Willow Lettice and the heads of the white Poppy But let these kinds of cooling and mitigating topicks be us'd only about the beginning of the Disease in its greatest height let Resolvents and Emollients as the flowers of Cammomil Melilot Elder c. also the leaves of Mallows Arach Marjoram Hyssop and the like be added In the declination of the Disease let Resolvents only and those sparingly be used In the mean while a very great regard ought to be had of the Strength for this being too much broken all hope of Cure is lost Now the strength is wont to be soon consumed by reason of great watchings perpetual agitations of the body and mind a thin dyet and Blooding
manner in any sorts of Distractions the reason of this partly consists herein that the viscous load of the Ventricle which as we have shewn elsewhere greatly oppresses the mind being cleans'd forth the Spirits thereupon being more free expand themselves more vigorously and cheerfully Moreover in as much as vomiting compresses and evacuates the neighbouring Receptacles of the Humours to wit the Gall-bladder the Ductus of the Pancreas and the Glands of the Mesentery it keeps their Contents from being conveyed to the Head Vomits Take Oxymel of Squills an ounce and a half wine of Squils an ounce Syrup of Tobacco two drams mix them make a Vomitory if it works not at all or slowly let a Vomit be rais'd by a free drinking of Posset-drink having the leaves of Carduus boyl'd in it Take of the decoction of the middle bark of Elder four ounces Salt of Vitriol from one scruple to two scruples Oxymel simple three drams mix them let it be taken after the same manner To strong and well set People give the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or Mercurius vitae also the Emetick Tartar of Mynsicht or Sulphur of Antimony Take roots of Polypody of the Oak half an ounce Epithymum three drams Senna half an ounce Tamarinds six drams Coriander-seeds three drams yellow Saunders two drams let them boyl in fourteen ounces of fountain-Fountain-water to ten ounces adding Agarick two drams Rhubarb a dram and a half to the clarified straining add of the purging Syrup of Apples two ounces let six ounces be taken repeating it within three or four dayes Take choice Senna three drams Epithymum Rhubarb of each a dram and a half yellow Saunders half a dram Corinader-seeds two scruples Salt of Wormwood half a dram Celtick Spike a scruple let there be a close Infusion for a Night in White-wine and water of Apples of each four ounces to five ounces of the clear straining add Syrup of Epithymum six drams Aqua mirabilis two drams mix them make a potion In Bodyes hard to be wrought on let there be added to these fibres of black Hellebore macerated in Vinegar a dram or two Those who like better Pills Powders Bolus's or Syrups may use the following Take Quercitan's Pills of Tartar or Crato's Pills of Amber half a dram Rosin of Jalap or Scamony six or eight grains Tartar vitriolate half a scruple Ammoniacum dissolved in Aqua mirabilis what suffices make pills let four be taken going to bed and unless they work first one the next morning Take Calomelanos extract of black Hellebore of each a scruple Resin of Jalap six grains Ammoniacum dissolved what suffices make four Pills let them be taken with governance The Powder call'd Haly is greatly commended by Valescus de Tarenta Pereda and others And indeed in rustick or robust Bodies this seems a pretty fit Cathartick Take Epithymum half an ounce Agarick Lapis Lazuli of each three drams Scammony a dram Cloves in number thirty make a Powder the dese is from half a dram to a dram Take Pulvis Diacennae Diaturbith with Rhubarb of each half a dram make a powder let it be taken in a draught of posset-drink or in a single decoction of Epithymum to four or five scruples Take choice Senna two ounces roots of Polipody of the Oak two ounces Epithymum an ounce and a half yellow Saunders half an ounce Tamarinds an ounce Coriander-seeds six drams let them boyl in four pounds of barnet-Barnet-water to an half strain it and let it evaporate by a bath heat to the consistency of a Syrup adding towards the end pure Manna double refin'd Sugar of each four ounces make a Syrup the dose is stwo or three spoonfuls in three ounces of a convenient distill'd water or in any other Liuqor Or Take of the same Liquor evaporated to the consistency of Honey six ounces fresh Cassia four ounces pulp of Corinths two ounces Cream of Tartar Salt of Wormwood of each a dram and a half pulvis Diasennae two drams yellow Saunders powdred three drams mix them make an Electuary the dose is from three drams to half an ounce Catharticks must not be used without intermission nro too frequently but let it suffice to give them within six or seven dayes and at other times let the belly if it be bound be loosened by Clysters as to what regards other Medicines which do not evacuate tho the Ancients plac'd the least we put the greatnest stress of the Cure in them for they with whom also many Moderns accord concluded that there was nothing more to be done for curing Melancholy than to purge forth the atrabilarious Humour Wherefore making purging the thing of chiefest moment they ordered the rest of Pharmacy called by them preparatory only for the sake of this directing thus their intentions that as soon as the Humour was brought to a fit consistency by altering Medicines and the wayes made open enough for its excretion then to carry it forth by Catharticks which kind of hypothesis seems not to agree with Reason or Physical Experience to wit in as much as melancholy Persons after a frequent purging how methodically soever ordered receive rather an injury than a relief Therefore we placing the cause of this Disease in the dyscrasies of the Blood and Spirits and in the weakness or ill conformation of the Brain or Viscera put alteratives and corroboratives in the first rank of Medicines and sometimes interlace Catharticks only for the sake of these Purging therefore being prescribed for the due removal of Impediments and at due intervals of time as to the rest you may proceed after this manner Take Conserve of Clove-gilliflowers and Borage flowers of each two ounces and a half myrobalan rinds condited six drams Coral prepar'd Pearl of each a dram and a half Ivory Crabs-eyes of each a dram Confection of Hyacinth two drams Syrup of Coral or red poppyes what suffices make an Electuary let two drams be taken morning and evening drinking after it three ounces of the following Julep or distill'd water Take water of Cowslip-flowers and of Black-cherries of each six ounces of Bawm four ounces Dr. Stevens's Water two ounces Sugar six drams mix them make a Julep Take leaves of Bawm Borage Bugloss Fumitory Water-cresses Brooklimes of each four handfuls Clove-gilliflowers flowers of Marigolds Borage Cowslips of each three handfuls the outward coats of six Oranges ' and four Lemmons being all sliced and bruis'd pour to them of Whey made with Cyder eight pounds distill them with common Organs let the whole Liquor be mixt Take powder of Pearl Ivory Coral prepar'd of each two drams Species loetificantis Diarrhod Abbatis of each a dram Oyl of Citron-pills half a scruple double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd and boyl'd to a consistency for Tablets in a sufficient quantity of bawm-Bawm-water six ounces make Tablets according to art weighing a dram let two or three be taken in the morning and at five of the clock in the afternoon drinking after it a draught of the distilled water
beginnings of the Disease the reason of the difference seems chiefly to lye in this viz. that in some gouty Persons who are yet firm in the Constitution and Tone of the Humours and the containing Vessels and whose Joynts are not yet weakned as often as the Blood and Nervous Liquour are troubled by a medicine their Superfluities and Recrements are not presently precipitated into the Minera of the Disease but yielding to the Medicine irritating and stirring them they are drawn from the Mouths of the Arteries into the Cavities of the Intestines and mean while the emptied Vessels withdraw or drink up again a part of the morbifick matter but on the contrary in tender and weakned constitutions upon the gentlest commotion of a Medicine the Recrements of both humours fall into the Place troubled with the Gout To those therefore with whom purging agrees it ought to be ordered with a strong and exagitating Medicine for this purpose are vulgarly famous the Electuary Caryocostinum Syrup of Buckthorn compound Powder of Hermodacts Pilul ex duobus Pil. Rhasis which if we may believe the Authour will make such as are not able to goe presently to walk about Take of the best Aloes half an ounce red Roses two Scruples Hermodacts pill'd a dram and a half Diagridium a dram Honey of Roses what suffises make Pills Rodericus a Fonseca wonderfully extolls the roots of black Hellebore and amongst other things an Apple with the Fibres of it stuck in it to half a dram rosted under the Embers and eaten Take Calomelanos a Scruple Rosm of Jalap three grains or of Scammony three grains Oyle of Cloves a drop Balsam of Peru what suffises make three or four Pills for one dose In purging what Solenander prescribes happily may be of some moment viz. by putting a Plaister or some other defensive Medicine on the place to hinder the falling of the humour to it Vomiting with those with whom it uses to be safe and easie does well also in this Disease for which end the Emetick Tartar of Mynsicht Sulphur of Antimony its Flowers Mercurius Vitae Vinum Emeticum Gutta Gamba may be given Moreover in a Fit of the Gout Powder of Stones Bones and Shells and also of smart Vegetables do good which being said to be the Antidotes of this Disease subdue all Particles and fermenting with them mortifie them as it were and at length being subjugated send them forth by Urine or sweat Take compound Powder of Crabs Claws two drams Ivory Roots of bastard Dittany Roots of male Peony of each a dram Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each half a dram make a Powder let it be taken from half a dram to a dram either by it self in a Spoonful of red Poppey water drinking after it six Spoonfuls of the same or let it be made into a Bolus or Pills with Venice Treacle or Venice Turpentine what suffises the dose is a dram twice a day drinking after it of the distilled water beneath prescribed two or three ounces Or Take of the same Powder six drams conserve of Clove-gilliflowers and Betony Flowers of each an ounce and a half Diascordium two drams Syrup of Maeconium what suffises make an Electuary the dose is a dram to two drams Evening and Morning Mean while that these things are done for withdrawing elsewhere the morbifick Matter which would flow into the places affected or for sending it forth let altering and qualifying Medicines likewise have their turns which may appease the Turgescencies of the Blood and Nervous Juice and stop the fluxions of the Recrements falling from them for this end a thin diet and a drinking of Water if it be proper being ordered let Emulsions Juleps Apozemes of mild things and Anodines be prescribed As to what concerns the other Scopes of curing viz. the discussion of the Minera sticking in the Parts and the mitigating the excandescencies of the Fibres and Spirits we must insist first on this latter without the performance of which we cannot answer the other intent for this end therefore it is expedient to use both outward things viz. Topicks of various kinds and inward things viz. Hypnoticks There being a vast number of Topicks they either being only Anodines have regard to the Pain it self or levelling at this together with the Tumour they are either Repercussives or Resolvents and Discussers there are various Forms and Wayes of Administrations of every kind of these but those of cheifest use are wont to be Fomentations Cataplasms and Plaisters we shall set down some of the most noted of these and first Anodyne Applications which moderate the Fibres and appease the Spirits by a certain soothing for this use a Cataplasm of Milk and Crum of Bread or of those things with the poúndings of the Leaves and Roots of Mallows and Althea and the like are every where in common Practice with the Vulgar Others commend a Cataplasm of fresh Cow-dung applyed warm Take Water of Night-shade or of the Spawn of Frogs of each six ounces Saccharum Saturni a dram mix them let linnen Cloaths dipt in this be applyed warm Take of red Lead three ounces distilled Vinegar two pounds digest them for many dayes let either this Liquour by it self or a Water drawn from it by distillation be used for a Fomentation Also a distilled water made of the Tincture of Verdigrease distilled in Vinegar often appeases Pains I was told by a Gentleman often troubled with a severe Gout that he in the cruel Tortures of that Disease had always present ease from a Fomentation with a Water distilled from the contents of a Bullocks paunch newly killed Against extream Tortures of the Gout outward Narcoticks sometimes ought to be used Take Leaves of Henbane and Hemlock of each three Handfuls let them be put into boyling Water and as soon as they grow tender let them be taken forth to which being bruised add Powder of the Flowers of Cammomil about two drams the yolk of one Egg make a Cataplasm Or Take Tincture of Saffron made in Spirit of Wine four ounces Camphire and Opium of each a dram let there be a close and warm digestion till they are dissolved let the part that pains be anointed with this Liquour there are innumerable Medicines of this kind every where to be found in Books of Physick and are every where wont to be prescribed by every vulgar Person which likewise may suffice for fulfilling the other intent to wit the repercussion of the Humours if at any time it seems to be indicated As to what regards resolvent and discussing Topicks such are not required which only open the Pores that the Serum may evaporate and the Blood may be restored to Circulation as in a Phlegmon or Aedema but whose saline Particles being destinated for strongly assaulting the saline Particles of the Arthritick Minera may either draw them forth by laying hold of them or by precipitating them keep them from their Pain causing Effervescencies wherefore in this Disease when Fomentations or
chief of them together with the Remedies The Emetick matter subsisting in the Ventricle is either brought into it from elsewhere or what for want of digestion or because it is vitiated is engendred there in either respect the present offensive load is first of all to be carried off and then care must be taken to prevent any farther supply of it To cleanse the filthy Mass of viscous matter forth of the Stomach prescribe a gentle Vomit of Carduus Posset-drink or of Oxymel or Wine of Squills or of a Decoction of the Flowers of Chamomil or of the Roots of Eupatorium or give a Solution of the Salt of Vitriol or such like then let the remainder be gently carried off by Glisters or by a Purge of Pilulae Mastichin or Pil. Stomach cum Gummis Tinctura Sacra or an Infusion of Rhubarb Moreover when an impure or rank Blood conveying ever and anon new Stores of offensive matter to the Stomach either by the Arteries or by the Gall-Vessels which often overflow causes a disposition to Vomit Bleeding frequently affords relief and therefore Women with Child troubled with Vomiting are often Cur'd by this means those things also do good which so temper the Blood that they keep it free from breeding adust Excrements Hence Whey Mineral Waters Juices of Herbs Sal Prunella and such like for as much as they fuse the Blood and convey its dreggy Particles some other way often remove Vomiting dispositions These sorts of Remedies may also be us'd in case a frequent and daily Vomiting proceeds as some think it may from the meetings and contest of the Bilous and Pancreatick humours and from their regurgitation into the Ventricle The more frequent Vomiting and harder to be Cur'd is that which proceeds from a disagreeing matter and consequently Emetick engendred within the Ventricle to wit by reason of the vitiated ferment of the Stomach whatsoever is taken into it degenerates into an irritating Mass of Corruption wherefore in this case after that the filth of the Stomach is cleans'd forth by gentle Evacuatives Remedies commonly call'd Digestives are generally us'd which according as the fermenting Juice of the Stomach being for the most part of a Saline Nature and sometimes of a Sulphurous is in a various state of fixtness flowing or adustion are variously prescrib'd and sometimes these sometimes the others do most good In Belching and Acid Vomiting these following Medicines may be try'd and you may fix upon your method of Cure according to what you find agrees best Take Powder of Aron Compound an Ounce and a half Salt of Wormwood two Drams Sugar of Roses three Drams make a Powder give a Dram of it in the Morning and at five a Clock in the Afternoon in a little draught of Beer boil'd with Mace and a Crust of Bread or give it in the distill'd Water or Tincture of Roman Wormwood Take the Powders of Ivory Crabs Eyes and red Coral of each two Drams Calcind Coral one Dram red Saunders Cinnamon of each half a Dram make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram after the same manner Take the Powders of Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders Winters Bark of each two Drams of white Chalk six Drams Sugar-Candy half an Ounce with the Solution of Tragacanth in Mint Water as much as suffices make a Past and let it be form'd into Troches weighing half a Dram let the Patient take three or four of these thrice or oftner in a day Take Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram twice a day in some proper distill'd Water In hot and sharp or tartish Vomiting Medicines endow'd with a sharp or tartish and vitriolate Salt are more proper The famous Medicine of Riverius in this case does well Take Salt of Wormwood a Scruple give it in a spoonful of Juice of Limmons Take prepar'd Coral two Drams Salt of Wormwood a Dram and a half Juice of Limmons four Ounces let all stand in a large Glass add to it of strong cinnamon-Cinnamon-water two Ounces give a spoonful or two twice a day first shaking the Glass Take Powders of Ivory and Coral of each two Drams Vitriol of Steel a Dram Sugar-Candy a Dram mix them then divide the whole into six or eight parts of which take one part twice a day in some convenient Vehicle In this case Purging Mineral Waters which have much Nitre in them also Waters that come from an Iron Mineral and likewise our Artificial Chalybeate Waters prove of notable effect When at any time the Stomach perverts the most part of what comes into it into a bilous and bitterish Mass of filthy corruption as it often uses to do and for that reason is prone to frequent Vomitings then both acid and bitter things are proper Take Elixir Proprietatis an Ounce the Dose is a Scruple twice a day in some fit Vehicle Take Rhubarb Powdred twenty five Grains Salt of Wormwood a Scruple Cinnamon-water half an Ounce Juice of Limmons an Ounce let it be taken alone or with some other Liquor Take Powder of Aron Compound an Ounce and a half white Christals of Tartar three Drams Vitriol of Steel a Dram Sugar half an Ounce make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram or two Scruples every Morning drinking after it a draught of the Tincture of Roman Wormwood or some Coffee Take Powder of Crabs Eyes half an Ounce Chalybeat Tartar two Drams Sugar-Candy a Dram make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram with a fit Vehicle twice a day Oftentimes the cause of a frequent and habitual Vomiting is not so much the matter irritating the Ventricle as the extream debility of its Nervous Fibres which are neither able to Concoct what is taken into the Stomach nor to endure the weight or burthen of it but are presently irritated by any thing lying upon them and stir up the Carnous Fibres to Excretory Convulsions There are two principal causes of this sort of Affect viz. either the debility of the Stomach arising from the Fibres themselves is gotten by disorder in eating and drinking so that those Fibres for as much as they are beyond measure extended or over-heated and as it were scorch'd are not capable of admitting or containing a sufficient plenty of Animal Spirits Or Secondly These Fibres though they may be well enough dispos'd of themselves yet for that the Nerves are in some other place obstructed they are destitute of a due Afflux of Spirits whence becoming languid and flaxid they cannot bear what is taken in but presently finding themselves over-charged throw all forth by Vomiting In the former Affect those Remedies are indicated which by their Styptick force cause the too much distended and tenuated Fibres to corrugate and contract themselves into a shorter space also such as by their most grateful refreshment enliven their languishing Spirits and allure others more plenteously to them Take Mynsicht 's Elixir of Vitriol an Ounce give from ten Grains to fifteen twice
or thrice a day in a spoonful of the following distill'd Water drinking seven or eight spoonfuls of the same after it Take Cypress Tops six handfuls Clary Leaves four handfuls the outward Coats of twelve Oranges Cinnamon Mace of each an Ounce the Roots of Cyperus and the lesser Galingal of each half an Ounce being slic'd and bruis'd let them be put into eight pounds of Brunswich Beer and distill'd in an ordinary Still Take Tincture of the Balsam of Tolu extracted with the Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce the Dose is twenty Grains with the same Vehicle the Tincture of Wormwood prepar'd with the same Menstruum may also be try'd Take Powder of the Leaves of Wormwood and Myrtle dri'd in the Sun in the Summer time of each two Drams Cinnamon Flowers of red Roses of each a Dram Cubebs Roots of the lesser Galingal of each half a Dram red Coral prepar'd a Dram make of all a subtle Powder then with six Ounces of double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in cinnamon-Cinnamon-water and boil'd up to a consistency make it up in little Cakes weighing half a Dram let one or two of these be eaten often in a day as the person pleases Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated four Ounces Myrobalans condited six Drams Ginger condited in the Indies half an Ounce Species of Hyacinth two Drams the reddest Crocus Martis one Dram Syrup of Corals what will suffice make of all an Electuary the Dose is a Dram twice a day drinking after it a little draught of the distill'd water In the debility or resolution of the Ventricle by reason of the Nerves being somewhere else abstructed Paralytick Remedies joyn'd with Stomachicks must chiefly be insisted on Take Elixir Proprietatis Tartariz'd an Ounce the Dose is a Scruple twice a day with the water above prescrib'd The Tinctures of Salt of Tartar of Coral of Antimony may be us'd after the same manner In this case also the sweet spirit of Salt tht spirit of Sal Armoniack or its Flowers are of great effect Moreover Vomits Purges and even Diaphoreticks are often successively administred I have known this Distemter sometimes happily Cur'd by Bathing in our hot Baths at Bathe CHAP. III. Instructions concerning Purging with prescripts of Purges AS Nature often Purges it self according to three Degrees so there are three Degrees of Purging by Medicine The first is soft and easie gently expelling any loose matter contain'd in the Ventricle and the Intestines The second reaches not only that but Purges likewise other humours from the Bilous and Pancreatick Passages and from the Mouths of the Vessels The third performs all this and that in a more full manner and going yet farther strongly Purges from the Blood and consequently from the Nervous Juice and other parts an Excrementitious matter which is brought by the Arteries into the Intestines As for what concerns the choice to be us'd in Purging Medicines though we do not approve of those cry'd up Classes of Medicines appropriated to this or that Juice or Humour yet we do not think that all Purges are indifferently to be us'd in all cases but that there is need of a strong Judgment and a wary circumspection in a Physician that according to the strength of his Patients their temperament the state and ability of the Viscera their bearing custome and fancy and so according to the nature of the Disease its time and quality he prescribe a Purge more gentle or strong and that of hot things or temperate gentle or more smart and in a solid substance or a liquid or something of some other certain kind and form as he shall see good A Purge therefore being not convenient at all times nor in every state of Body to proceed as we ought we must take a fit season and use a certain preparation and both these have regard to the first passages and to the Mass of Blood As to the first if at any time the Stomach be loaded with a Mass of viscous Phlegm or troubled with the boiling of Turgid Choler a Purge most commonly either becomes of no effect or does hurt unless those contents are first of all cleans'd forth by a Vomit or unless their oppression and effervescency be corrected by digestives As to what regards the Blood a Purge is often unseasonable sometimes also inconvenient and in neither of these cases Preparatives commonly so call'd but only Alteratives are proper for the business is not to dispose those imaginary humours for evacution but the Blood it self ought to be reduc'd from its troubled and confused state to a calm condition or from its debility and fall'n Crasis to its vigour and ev'n temperament Whilst the Blood Feaverishly boiling is disturb'd in its mixture Purging is always found hurtful and so whilst its Mass being become languid and weak does not arise to its due fermentation that sort of Evacuation is no less forbidden Moreover when the Blood is too bilous or watry or too much inclin'd to Coagulations or Fusions Purges for the most part do not take away those its defaults or depravations but most commonly encrease them Wherefore in those cases altering Remedies are rather Indicated which may destroy the undue Separations and Combinations of the Salts Sulphur and Serum and take away other their enormities Of these Digestives and Alteratives which supply the place of common Preparatives we shall speak particularly hereafter The chiefest Compositions of Purging Medicines being Potions Powders Bolus's Electuaries Morsels or Tablets and Physick-Ales or Wines we shall here set down certain of the more Select Forms of each of them and those of a threefold kind according as the operation of the Medicine ought to be gentle mean or strong to which in the fourth place we shall add Prescripts of easily prepar'd Purges for poor People 1. Gentle Potions Take Rhubarb slic'd three Drams yellow Saunders half a Dram Salt of Tartar a Scruple make a cold Infusion all Night in Cichory water and White-wine of each two Ounces and a half to three Ounces of Cleer straining add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb half an Ounce Cinnamon water two Drams make a Potion 2. Mean Potions Take of the best Senna three Drams Rhubarb Troches of Agarick of each a Dram and a half yellow Saunders two Scruples Salt of Tartar half a Dram Coriander-seeds a Dram let them have a close Infusion all Night in spring-Spring-water and White-wine made warm of each three Ounces to four Ounces of it strain'd add of the Purging Syrup of Apples an Ounce Aqua Mirabilis two Drams make a Potion Or Take the decoction of Senna Gerionis four Ounces Syrrup of Roses Solutive an Ounce Cream of Tartar half a Dram Cinnamon water two Drams make a Potion Take the best Senna Cassia Fistula Tamarinds of each half an Ounce Coriander-seeds two Drams boil all in ten Ounces of spring-Spring-water till a third part be consum'd strain it and Clarifie it with the White of an Egg add to it the Syrup of Apples
an Ounce make a Potion 3. Strong Potions Take of the decoction of Sena Gerionis with the addition of the strings of black Hellebore and Agarick of each a Dram and a half six Ounces Syrup of Roses Solutive or of the flowers of Peaches an Ounce Aqua Mirabilis two Drams Or Take of the best Sena half an Ounce strings of black Hellebore Turbith of each two Drams yellow Saunders a Dram Coriander-seeds a Dram and a half Salt of Tartar half a Dram let it infuse close all Night in eight Ounces of White-wine made warm to five Ounces of the Cleer straining add of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses three Drams Syrup of Buck-thorn six Drams Cinnamon water two Drams make a Potion Potions of easie preparation for the Poor Take of Flaxweed a handful sweet Fennel-seeds two Drams boil them in a sufficient quantity of spring-Spring-water till it comes to six Ounces add to it of White-wine two Ounces make a Potion After the same manner you may make a Purging Potion of the Flowers of Damask Roses also of Peach Leaves and so of the Roots of Eupatorium Avicennae PILLS First of a gentle Operation Take of Stomach Pills with Gums from a Scruple to half a Dram Tartar vitriolated two Grains Balsam of Peru what will suffice make thereof three or four Pills After the same manner may be made Pills of the mass of Pilul Ruffi of Pilul Mastichin of Pilul de Succino and of our extract Solutive the description of which you may find in our Tract of the Scurvy 2. Mean Pills Take of Stomach Pills with Gumms half a Dram Rosin of Julap from four Grains to ten Tartar vitriolated six Grains Ammoniacum dissolv'd as much as will suffice make four Pills After the same manner may be made Pills of the mass of Pilulae de Succino Tartari Quercitani Also instead of Rosin of Jluap you may put Scammony Sulphurated from six Grains to twelve or Rosin of Scammony from eight Grains to fourteen Or Take Stomach Pills with Gumms a Scruple Rosin of Julap from six Grains to twelve Balsam of Peru as much as will suffice make four Pills 3. Strong Pills Take Pilulae Rudii half a Dram Rosin of Julap from eight Grains to twelve Balsam of Peru what will suffice make four Pills to be taken cum Regimine After the like manner Pills may be made of the mass of Pilulae Cochiae de Sagapeno Take of Pilulae ex duobus from a Scruple to half a Dram Calamelanos a Scruple make four Pills to be taken Cum Regimine 4. Pills easily prepar'd and cheaper Take Powder of the best Jalap two Drams Diagridium a Dram Cloves Ginger of each a Scruple Ammoniacum dissolv'd as much as will suffice make a mass the Dose is half a Dram. Take of Pilulae Cochiae from half a Dram to two Scruples let four Pills be made POWDERS First such as are gentle Take of Rhubarb Powdred half a Dram Salt of Wormwood half a Scruple Cloves two Grains make a Powder give it in a spoonful of small cinnamon-Cinnamon-water or in a little Broath Take of the greater Compound Powder of Sena from half a Dram to a Dram in a little draught of Posset-drink Take Powder of the Leaves of Sena a Scruple Calamelanos seventeen Grains yellow Saunders half a Scruple make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Panada 2. Mean Powders Take Powder of Diasena a Dram Cream of Tartar a Scruple make a Powder give it in a little draught of Broath Take Rosin of Jalap ten Grains Calamelanos a Scruple Cloves six Grains make a Powder and take it after the same manner Take Species of Diaturbith with Rhubarb from half a Dram to a Dram Cream of Tartar from a Scruple to half a Dram. 3. Strong Powders Take Turbith Hermodacts of each three Drams Diagridium a Dram Ginger a Scruple make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram. Take Pulvis Cornachini a Dram after the same manner may be given the Compound Powder of Hermodacts also the Hydrotick Powder of Riverius 4. Cheap Powders and easie to be got Take Powder of the Roots of the best Jalap a Dram Ginger a Scruple give it in a little draught of White-wine so you may give Powder of the Roots of Mechoachan also of the Leaves of Sena in any Liquor BOLUS's and ELECTUARIES First such as work gently Take of the Lenitive Electuary half an Ounce Cream of Tartar half a Dram Syrup of Roses what suffices make a Bolus Take fresh Cassia half an Ounce Powder of Rhubarb half a Dram Cream of Tartar a Scruple Syrup of Roses as much as suffices make a Bolus 2. Mean Take of the Lenitive Electuary half an Ounce Cream of Tartar half a Dram Rosin of Julap six Grains Syrup of Roses what suffices make a Bolus Take of the Electuary Diaphaenicon half an Ounce of the Compound Powder of Hermodacts half a Dram Syrup of Elder what suffices make a Bolus 3. Strong Workers Take of the Electuary of the Juice of Roses half an Ounce Rosin of Julap ten Grains Cream of Tartar half a Dram Syrup of Elder what suffices make a Bolus Electuaries are Compounded of the same things made up in a greater quantity by adding Conserves of Damask Roses or of the Flowers of Peaches the Dose is the quantity of a Chesnut to be taken betimes every Morning or twice or thrice a Week 4. Bolus's and Electuaries easily prepar'd Take Powder of the Roots of Julap an Ounce of Mechoachan half an Ounce of Ginger two Drams of Cloves a Dram Cream of Tartar three Drams Salt of Wormwood a Dram Sugar two Ounces Syrup of Roses Solutive what suffices make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Wallnut Confectio Solutiva Passulae Laxantes the Diapranum of Sylvius in the 30. Page of his Practice of Physick 5. Morsells or Tablets of a mean operation Take Powder of Mechoacan Gummous Turbith of each half an Ounce Scammony sulphurated two Drams Rosin of Jalap a Dram yellow Saunders a Dram Cream of Tartar two Drams Conserve of Violets an Ounce Sugar dissolv'd in rose-Rose-water and boil'd up to a fit consistency a Pound Make Tablets according to Art each weighing a Dram the Dose is one or two The Purging Tablets of Sylvius Page the 28. of his Practice of Physick 6. Physical or Purging Wines and Ales of a mean operation Take Leaves of Sena an Ounce and a half Turbith Mechoacan of each six Drams strings of black Hellebore three Drams Cubebs Galingal Roots choice Cinnamon of each two Drams Put all in a large Glass with four Pounds of Rhenish-wine adding to it Salt of Tartar a Dram and a half let it stand cold and close cover'd for six days add to it Sugar-Candy three Ounces strain it through Hippocrates Sleeve the Dose is three or four Ounces Take Leaves of Sena three Ounces Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of sharp Pointed Dock prepar'd of each two
Ounces Turbith Mechoacan of each an Ounce and a half Epithymum yellow Saunders of each an Ounce Coriander-seeds an Ounce and a half let them be slic'd and bruis'd and put in a Bag according to Art for four Gallons of Ale the Dose is from twelve Ounces to a Pound either every Morning or twice or thrice a Week CHAP. IV. A Cure for Over-purging or of Medicines that stay too much Purging or a Looseness Also the Cure of the London-Flux with Instructions in each Case TO prevent over-purging upon giving any Purging Medicine we must proceed thus Before we give a Purge we must first consider well the Constitution Strength and Custome of the Body to be Purg'd as also the Nature Dose manner of Working and ordinary effects of the Medicine to be given and then by comparing the one with the other we must proportionate the vertue of the Agent according to the bearing of the Patient Secondly whilst the Medicine is working let the Viscera where digestion is perform'd the Blood and the Animal Spirits be kept free from any other perturbation Wherefore during that time let not the Patient eat gross or viscous food or too great a plenty of any food which may offend the Stomach let him carefully avoid the admittance of any outward cold by which the Pores of the Body are shut up also let the mind be kept calm and undisturb'd free from all Cares and toilsome Studies Thirdly The Operation of the Medicine being ended we must appease the angry rage of the Animal Spirits and allay the effervescence of the Blood and Humours for which ends let an Anodine Medicine or a gentle Hypnotick be given according to the following forms Take Water of Cowslip Flowers two Ounces Cinnamon-water hordeated Syrup of Maeconium of each half an Ounce Pearls half a Scruple make a draught to be taken going to rest Or Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated two Scruples Diascordium half a Dram Pearls half a Scruple Diacodium what suffices make a Bolus to be taken going to sleep In case this Provision be either omitted or does not hinder a Purging Medicine from working to excess let the Patient presently be put into a warm Bed and be ordered as follows First Let either a Plaister of Mithridate be apply'd to his Stomach and to the whole upper Region of the Belly or let those parts be fomented with warm Linnen Cloaths dip'd in a decoction of Wormwood Mints and Spïces in red Wine and so wiung forth presently upon it let him take inwardly either a Bolus of Venice Treacle or a Solution of it in Cinnamon-water Moreover let him drink every now and then a spoonful or two of Burnt-wine diluted with a little Mint-water if he be troubled with Gripes give him a Glister of warm Milk with Treacle dissolv'd in it and warm frictions must be us'd to the remote parts and sometimes Ligatures to draw the Blood outwards and so keep it from too great a Colliquation and from discharging it self into the Cavities of the Viscera then in the Evening if there be strength and a pretty good Pulse let him take a Dose either of Diacodium or of Liquid Laudanum with some fit Vehicle As to other kinds of excessive Purging which are wont to happen without the Administration of a Purging Medicine for the most part they are meerly Symptomatical depending on other Diseases and their method of Cure is wholly the same as of those Diseases whose off-spring they are Nevertheless sometimes a Looseness or Flux seems to be a Disease of it self and because this kind of Distemper Raging almost yearly in the City of London is commonly accounted Endemious or a Disease peculiarly attending Inhabitants I shall here set down its method of Cure I have often and long observ'd that there are two and that very different kinds of that Flux usually call'd the Griping of the Guts which happens here almost yearly about Autumn In one of them the Stools are watry and in a manner cleer with a sudden failing of the strength in the other they are bloody but tolerable withal In the Year 1670. about the Autumnal Equinox a World of People here were seized with a most dangerous Flux though without Blood and joyn'd with a cruel Vomiting which presently caus'd great faintings and a total decay of strength For the Cure of this Disease no Evacuation did good nay Bleeding Vomiting and Purging always did hurt only Cordials and those of the hottest nature to wit such as abounded with Spirit and Sulphur or a Volatile Salt prov'd commonly of good effect insomuch that Brandy burnt a little with Sugar was a Popular and as it were Epidemick Remedy and in that sort of Flux was seldome given without success though in the other sort of Flux which carry'd Blood with it having been us'd without due regard it has often been found to be hurtful The method of Cure which I then took successfully enough with many and am wont still to take in the like case is after the following manner Take Venice Treacle from a Dram to a Dram and a half let the Patient take it in Bed and drink after it seven or eight spoonfuls of the following Julap and let him repeat this Dose every third fourth or fifth hour Take mint-Mint-water cinnamon-Cinnamon-water hordeated of each three Ounces strong cinnamon-Cinnamon-water plague-Plague-water treacle-Treacle-water of each two Ounces Powder of Pearls a Dram Sacchari Crystalin half an Ounce mingle them and make a Julap At the same time take a piece of Bread spread some Treacle on it and dip it in Sack or Red-wine warm'd and let it be apply'd to the Stomach as hot as it may be suffered and change it every now and then In the Evening if the Pulse and Breathing seem strong enough to bear it let the Patient take of Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated twenty Grains in a draught of Plague-water Take Diascordium a Dram Liquid Laudanum half a Scruple Compound Powder of Crabs Claws a Scruple cinnamon-Cinnamon-water what suffices make a Bolus to be taken going to sleep To those to whom Treacle or Mithridate prove nauseous or disagreeing give a Dose of the following Powder or Spirit of Treacle every third hour with the Julap Take Compound Powder of Crabs Claws Roots of Contrayerva or Serpentaria Virgin of each a Dram Cinnamon Roots of Tormentil of each half a Dram Saffron Cochinele of each a Scruple make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples Take Spiritus Theriacalis Armoniacus three Drams the Dose is a Scruple with the Julap every fourth hour or give that and the Doses of the Powder interchangeably one one time and the other the other After the same manner the Spirits of Harts-horne or of Soot may be given let the persons Drink be Ale or Beer with a Crust of Bread Mace add Cinnamon boil'd in it and sweeten'd or let it be Burnt-wine diluted with Mint-water let his Food be Chicken-broth Gruel or Panada with the shavings of Ivory Hartshorn
and the Roots of Scorzonera c. boil'd in it About the Autumnal Equinox in the Year 1671. a desperate Bloody Flux seiz'd on many persons in this City from the first seizing they voided Blood by seige in abundance and that frequently and for the most part it was attended with a Belly-ach and Gripes continual watchings also with a Feaver and a mighty thirst usually troubled them nevertheless their strength held commonly pretty well for some considerable time and if the Flux were stopt sooner than it ought it rendred the Patients conditions worse The method of Cure with the Remedies which I found to give Relief in many persons was according to the following manner Take Venice-Treacle a Dram Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated twenty Grains make a Bolus to be taken going to rest Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated two Ounces Venice-Treacle an Ounce Powders of the Roots of Tormentil Contrayerva Pearl Coral prepar'd of each a Dram Syrup of dry'd Roses what suffices make an Electuary to be taken every fourth or fifth hour and let the person drink after it of the following Julap three Ounces Take the Waters of Mint Baum Cinnamon hordeated of each four Ounces Treacle-water Plague-water of each two Ounces Pearl a Dram Sugar an Ounce mingle them and make a Julap After a day or two give a Purging Potion which leaves an Astringency Take Rhubarb slic'd two Drams yellow Mirobalans slic'd a Dram and a half red Saunders Cinnamon of each a Scruple let them infuse all Night in the Waters of Plantain and Cinnamon hordeated of each two Ounces and a half wring it forth hard then add of strong cinnamon-Cinnamon-water a Dram and a half make a Draught Every Evening and also in certain cases in the Day-time I was wont to give a pretty large Dose of Laudanum nor have I ever known this Medicine to have done any prejudice to a person troubled with the Flux which happen's either because the Narcotick force of the Medicine is subdued or made more gentle by the Acid Juice of the Stomach or rather that its Particles which are transmitted to the Blood are thence presently cast forth again with the Bloody Stools so that they do not affect the Brain If the above-mention'd Electuary be found nauseous to any person or disagrees with him the following Powder may be given in its stead Take Pulvis Pannonici Rubri a Dram Roots of Contrayerva half a Dram make a Powder divide it into three parts and give one part in any Liquor Take Bole Armenick alexiteriated that is impregnated with the Juices of the Leaves of Tormentil Bistort red Roses c. and dry'd in the Sun Roots of Contrayerva of each a Dram Pearl red Coral white amber of each half a Dram make a Powder the Dose is from two Scruples to a Dram. Take the Roots of Avens and Scorzonera of each an Ounce of Tormentil Bistort and Contrayerva of each two Drams and a half burnt Harts-horn three Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams Cochinele half a Dram red Rose-leaves two Drams boil all in a sufficient quantity of Spring Water till it comes to two Pounds towards the end of the boiling add conserve of red Roses three Ounces to the Cleer straining add plague-Plague-water four Ounces the Dose is three Ounces To appease the Gripes and fretting of the Bowels Glysters are commonly prescrib'd Take the decoction of the Tops of St. John's-wort in which Sheeps Trotters or their Mesentery has boil'd eight or twelve Ounces Venice-Treacle two Drams Oyl of St. John's-wort an Ounce and a half make a Glister The Therapeutick Indications into which the method before exprest of curing the Bloody Flux may be resolv'd are chiefly four c. two regard the Blood and as many the Viscera First as to the Blood it s recrementitious and depraved dreggs which tend inwards must be driven forth into the habit of the body that they may exhale by perspiration and its coagulations must be dissolv'd and its Crasis restor'd as soon as may be Secondly as to what regards the Viscera the irksome sensation of the Nervous Fibres and the irritation of the Carnous Fibres to excretory Convulsions must be appeas'd and the Mouths of the Vessels must be shut to keep them from discharging the blood and humours into the Intestines The first of these is usually perform'd with Opiats and the other with Stiptick or Astringent Remedies Besides these we must have regard to urging Symptoms and ill affects usually attending this Disease the chief of which are a Feaver with a Thirst and Wakings Gripings of the Guts and sometimes their fretting Inflammation and Ulcers We must not proceed upon those four chief Indications severally and successively but we must take them altogether and set upon them at once wherefore the Prescripts ought to comprehend Remedies of divers kinds to wit Alexipharmicks Stypticks Diaphoreticks and Opiats And because it is not an easie thing to put these into a set method and under set Rules which may be generally apply'd I have rather chosen to give you here some Examples of Cures performed by me in the Bloody Flux in the year 1671. To a Gentleman 25 years of Age to whom I was call'd the third day after he was seiz'd I prescrib'd the following Bolus Take Venice Treacle a Dram Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated a Scruple mix them let him drink after it a little draught of the following Julap Take waters of Tormentil Mints and Cinnamon hordeated of each four Ounces Treacle water and Plague water of each two Ounces Pearl a Dram Sugar an Ounce make a Julap He took besides of the following Electuary about a Dram and a half every third hour with the said Julap Take Conserve of Red Roses two Ounces Venice Treacle an Ounce Powder of the Roots of Tormentil Contrayerva Pearl Coral prepar'd of each half a Dram Syrup of Red Poppies what suffices By the use of these Remedies the rigour of the Disease soon abated so that he had not above six or seven stools in the space of twenty four hours and those also were not very Bloody as before but appear'd full of little flakes of Flesh and of fragments as it were of Membranes Every Evening he took an Opiate with Laudanum The Fifth day of his illness he took the following Potion Take Rhubarb slic'd two Drams yellow Mirobalanes a Dram and a half yellow Saunders half a Dram Powder of Cinnamon a Scruple Salt of Wormwood half a Scruple let them infuse all night in the waters of Plantain and Cinnamon hordeated of each two Ounces and a half to the straining add strong Cinnamon water two Drams It purg'd him three or four times and gave him ease and the next day the Feaver being abated he was better so that seeming to grow well he eat flesh But shortly upon it fell into a Relapse so that the Flux returning with the Feaver it presently became more violent than it was at first Then because the former Medicines
the like cause And in truth many difficult Diseases which are falsly imputed to the ill constitution of the Viscera arise from hence viz. that the Blood being distemper'd and obnoxious to coagulations when it cannot continue its full course of circulation deposes the Serum in many places this being too apt of it self to recede from it The Diureticks to be given in these cases are such as do not fuse the Blood but make void its coagulations of this kind are those things that are endow'd with a fixt Volatile and likewise Alkalisate Salt and they must be such as restore and strengthen the Ferment of the Reins which is done by certain Sulphureous and Spirituous things For these ends are given Sulphureous and mixt Diureticks Lixivial Salts of Herbs Powders of shells Salt and Spirit of Vrine c. Millepedes Horse-Raddish Parsly-seed Nutmegs Turpentine and preparations made of it Spirit of Wine The vertues of all which are not to fuse the Blood and to precipitate serosities from its Mass these things are chiefly done by Acids and in those cases do commonly hinder any Purging by Urine but to dissolve the coagulations of the Blood so that its Body recovering a perfect mixture and being more readily circulated through the Vessels drinks up the Serum every where extravasated or depos'd and finally delivers it to the Reins to send it forth Now we shall shew after what manner according to both these as it were opposite ends of Curing Diureticks of all kinds operate and in what forms they are chiefly prescrib'd The Kinds and Prescripts of Diuretick Medicines FIrst then as to Saline Diureticks we say that any Salts whatsoever of a differing nature being put together lay hold of each other and are presently join'd in one and that whilst they are so combin'd other Particles freed from the mixture separate from each other or fly away This is plainly seen when a fluid or Acid Salt is put to a fixt or Alkalisate Salt and so when a fluid or fixt Salt is put to a Volatile or a sharp Salt and indeed on this only disposition of Salts depends the whole business of Solutions and precipitations of what kind soever Wherefore since the Blood and humours of our Body very much abound with Salt which Salt is also wont to be variously chang'd from one state to another and so to cause a Morbid disposition and likewise since Saline Diureticks are of divers kinds to wit consisting of fixt fluid nitrous volatile or Alkalisate Salts it will always require a great discretion and judgment in a Physician to see that the Saline Particles in the Medicine differ from those in our Body We shall shew after what manner this ought to be done by running through each Species of Diuretick Salts Amongst Diureticks containing an Acid Salt Spirit of Salt or of Nitre also Juice of Limmons of Sorrel Whitewine Rhenish and Cyder are of chiefest note amongst the vulgar and pretty often perform that intent for these things without the help of others fuse the Blood and precipitate it into serosities as when an Acid is dropt into boiling Milk but this does not happen equally to all persons nor to every one alike In a sound constitution or not very far from it the Salt of the Blood is partly fixt partly nitrous and partly volatile also in some Scorbutical and Hydropical persons it becomes for the most part fixt In every of these cases Diureticks containing an Acid Salt are given with success but in Catarrhous affects and in some Hydropical and Scorbutical distempers when the Salino-fixt Particles of the Blood are exalted to a state of flowing and the volatile are deprest as it often happens Medicines of an Acid nature commonly rather do hurt than good insomuch as they more pervert the Blood already degenerated from its Crasis and Medicines containing a fixt or volatile Salt are more proper to be us'd by such persons Prescripts of Diureticks that have an Acid Salt for their Basis TAke choice white Tartar powder'd Crystal Mineral of each a Dram and a half Powder of Crabs Eyes a Dram Make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples in a fit Vehicle repeating it every sixth or eighth hour Take Tartar vitriolated or nitrated two Drams Powder of Egg-shells a Dram and a half Seeds of Parsly or of wild Carrots half a Dram Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram after the same manner Take of the best Spirit of Salt two Drams Hartshorn burnt and powdred what will suffice to imbibe it Make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram. Take Juice of Limmons two Ounces Radish water Compound an Ounce and a half Syrup of the five Roots three Drams Make a Potion Take Juice of Sorrel two Ounces Whitewine six Ounces Mingle them for a Potion Take Radish water Compound two Ounces Water of Pellitory of the Wall four Ounces Spirit of Salt a Scruple twenty five drops Salt of Tartar fifteen Grains Syrup of Violets half an Ounce Make a Potion That Medicines containing a fixt or Lixivial Salt move Urine it plainly enough appears from the Vulgar and Empyrical Practice of Physick which commonly gives them for Curing Hydropical persons For it s a usual thing in an Anasarca and sometimes in an Ascites when the Viscera or Fleshy parts are very much swollen by a loading of Waters To give a Lixivium made of the Ashes of Wormwood or of Broom or of Bean-stalks with Whitewine whence it frequently happens that a very plentiful evacuation by Urine follows and that the Disease is taken away Nevertheless I have observ'd that this Medicine has not prov'd Diuretick to some persons and rather to have encreast the Hydropical disposition than to have cur'd it The reason of which if we enquire into we shall find by what is said before that Lixivial Salts neither fuse Milk nor Blood or precipitate them and therefore that they are not Diuretick in their own nature though that effect sometimes follows because that a fixt Salt taken in a good plenty destroys the Energy of the Acid and coagulative Salt predominating in the Blood so that the said Blood which before being too apt to fusion and unable to contain its Serum did cast it off from it self in divers places now by the intercession of the fixt Salt recovers its due Crasis and therefore drinking up again its extravasated Serum and constantly carrying it to the Reins causes a large Evacuation by Urine Prescripts of Diureticks which have a fixt Salt for their Basis TAke Salt of Tartar or of Wormwood two Drams Coral calcin'd to a whiteness a Dram and a half Nutmegs half a Dram Make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples Take Tincture of Salt of Tartar from a Dram to a Dram and a half Radish water Compound an Ounce and a half Mingle them give it in a draught of Posset drink which has had the Roots and Seeds of the great Bur-dock
boild in it Take the Deliquium of Salt of Tartar which whilst the Tincture is extracted floats under and is impregnated with the Sulphur of the Wine from two Scruples to a Dram and a half Whitewine from four Ounces to six Syrup of the five Roots half an Ounce Mingle them and make a draught to be repeated twice or thrice a day Take Ashes made of the Prunings of the white Vine half a pound Nutmegs two Drams pour to them of White or Rhenish wine two pounds and a half let it stand a day in a moderate heat and close cover'd then keep the straining for use The Dose is four Ounces twice or thrice a day Let Flints be made red hot in the Fire and be quencht in White wine or stale March Beer Give of the Liquor from six Ounces to eight twice a day Take Water of quick Lime from four Ounces to six Tincture of Salt of Tartar from a Dram to a Dram and a half Make a draught to be taken twice or thrice a day For the same reason as fixt Salts sometimes also volatile Salts are given with good success to move Urine in a sourish distemper of the Blood to wit forasmuch as its Particles when admitted into the Blood destroy the predominancy of the fluid Salt in it so that the Blood recovering its due mixture and being freed from coagulations and fluxions drinks up again what Serum is extravasated and conveys what is superfluous to the Reins to be sent forth by the Ureters But we may note withal that Medicines prepar'd of a volatile Salt having particles somewhat fierce in operation and instigating when they correct the Crasis of the Blood dispose what there is superfluous of Serum to be discharg'd sometimes by Sweat as much as by Urine In this order of Diureticks not only the bare volatile Salt drawn forth of Animals and Minerals ought to be numbred but likewise the integral parts of Animals and Vegetables such as are the Powders and Extracts of Insects and Vegetables of a smart nature Prescripts of Medicines that have a volatile Salt for their Basis TAke Salt of Amber Pure Sal Nitre of each two Drams make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram in a fit Vehicle Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack Crystal Mineral of each two Drams Make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram in a good spoonful of Radish water compound Salt of Vrine may be given after the same manner Take Powder of Bees a Scruple Lovage-seed a Scruple Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of distill'd water Take Spirit of Vrine from a Scruple to half a Dram Radish water compound from an Ounce to an Ounce and a half Juniper water three Ounces mingle them make a draught Spirit of Tartar may be given after the same manner in a double quantity Take Millepedes prepar'd two Drams Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Dram Nutmegs powder'd half a Dram Venice Turpentine what suffices Make Pills let four be taken twice a day Take Powder of Burdock-seeds two Drams Wild Carrot-seed a Dram Salt of Amber a Dram Oyl of Nutmegs half a Scruple Balsamum Capivii what suffices Make a Mass form it into little Pills of which let four be taken in the Evening and as many the next Morning Take Roots of Chervil Stone Parsly Fennel Eringo Cammock or Rest-harrow of each an Ounce Leaves of Saxifrage Clivers or Goose-grass of each a handful Seeds of Gromwel Hartwort of each half a handful Juniper Berrys six Drams boil all in four pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd then add Rhenish Wine a pound fine Honey two Ounces Make an Apozem the Dose is six Ounces twice a day Take fresh Millepedes two pounds Leaves of Clivers Chervil Saxifrage and Golden Rod of each two handfulls Roots of Horse Radish six Ounces Nutmegs an Ounce Juniper Berrys Wild Carrot-seeds of each two Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of White-wine Posset-drink eight pounds distil it in a common Still Let the whole Liquor be mixt the Dose is four Ounces twice or thrice a day Take fresh Millepedes wash'd from forty to sixty Nutmegs half a Scruple being bruis'd together put to them distill'd Water of Saxifrage three Ounces wring it forth hard and drink it Take Leaves of Chervil Macedonian Stone Parsly of each three handfulls being bruis'd together pour to them of Whitewine a pound and a half wring it forth hard and keep it in a Glass the Dose is three Ounces twice a day Prepare a Tincture of Millepides Bees Grashoppers or of Cantharides dry'd with the Tincture of Salt of Tartar give it from fifteen to twenty or thirty drops in a fit vehicle Nitre is a sort of Salt but differing from any other Salt or from the nature of Saline Particles being neither Acid fixt or volatile but holds the mean state as it were betwixt those three And in truth Nitre is the thing by which all Plants have their vegetation all Animals live and breath and every Sublunary Flame or Fire is kindled and maintained But as to our present purpose it 's well enough known that Sal Nitre cools the Blood and powerfully provokes Urine though it seems somewhat strange how this which is of so fiery a nature should so quallify the Blood and run it into Aquosities to move Urine I conceive that Nitre works those effects in a two-fold respect to wit as it is a Salt ally'd both to a fixt Salt and a volatile and as it carries a living Root of Fire in it As to the first we observe that Nitre ev'n as fixt and volatile Salts being put into Milk hinders or takes away its coagulation so likewise Blood whilst warm being pour'd to this is preserv'd from coagulation and from being discolour'd no less than if put to those Wherefore since Particles of Nitre inwardly taken preserve the mixture of the Blood entire or restore it it follows that they prevent or take away the fusions or coagulations of the same from which heats and a suppression of Urine very often arise So again Nitre in regard it carries in it a living Root of Fire when inwardly taken cools the inflamed Blood and moves Urine because according to what is hinted before it adds a vigour to the flame of the Blood which before was troubled and full of fumes and so renders it more clear and pure and consequently more mild since therefore the Blood burning clearer by the access of Nitre becomes of a more loose consistency the serous Particles easily get clear of the more gross and pass away in a more plentiful manner Prescripts of Diureticks that have Sal Nitre for their Basis TAke Nitre prepar'd two Drams Barley water with Grass Roots and Candied Eringo Roots boil'd in it two pounds Syrup of Violets two Ounces Mix them the Dose is four Ounces twice a day Take Sal Prunella two Drams Sugar-Candy a Dram make a Powder to be divided into six
he fell at length into a confirm'd Diabetes as it seem'd and almost past hope of recovery For besides that in the space of twenty four hours he voided near a Gallon and a half of clear water and wonderfully sweet as though Honey were mixt in it He was moreover affected with a cruel Thirst and a Fever seemingly a Hectick with a mighty Languor of the Spirits a fall of strength and a Consumption of the whole Body I then prescrib'd him the following Remedies by the use of which he seem'd in a short time to recover Take Cypress Tops eight handfuls Whites of Eggs beaten two pounds Cinnamon half an Ounce being cut small pour to them of new Milk eight pounds distill it in an ordinary Still taking care of an Empyreuma Let him take six Ounces thrice a day Take Gum Arabick and Gum Tragacanth of each six Drams Penids an Ounce Make a Powder let him take about a Dram or a Dram and a half twice a day with three or four Ounces of the distill'd water Take Rhuba-b powdred fifteen Grains Cinnamon six Grains Make a Powder let him take it in the Morning and renow the Dose within six or seven days Take Cowslip water three Ounces Cinnamon water hordeated two Drams Syrup of Meconium half an Ounce Make a draught to be taken every Evening His Diet was only Milk which he took pretty often in a day sometimes crude or diluted with the distill'd water or with Barly water sowetimes boil'd with White-bread or with Barly Growing daily better by the use of these things within a Month he seem'd to be almost Cur'd As he began to grow a little well his Urine which was Insipid did not much exceed the quantity of Liquids he took and afterwards turning a little Salt it became less in quantity than what he drank and so by degrees recovering the wonted tone of his Spirits and a good strength he took to his former Diet. Nevertheless the disposition to this Disease did not so throughly cease but afterwards being apt frequently to Relapses upon disorders in Living and haply upon changes according to the seasons of the year he first made Water in a greater measure than ordinary which by degrees grew clear and sweetish a Thirst and Fever with a Languor of the Spirits accompanying it But by the use of the same Medicines he us'd in a short time to recover again Not long since after a large interval of health a little before he fell into a Flux of Urine he found great irregularities and failings in the Genus Nervosum viz. He was seiz'd with a dull numbness of his Brain and a Vertigo and was taken with sudden Cramps in his Limbs and felt little Leapings of the Tendons and various runnings about him as though it were of a wind creeping here and there And when by the use of fit Remedies the aforesaid Symptoms seem'd to be Cur'd the Diabetes after its wounted manner burst forth afresh viz. the matter flowing forth in abundance from the Fibres and solid parts into the Blood and thence to the Reins and the Urinary Passages In this Juncture the same Remedies were prescrib'd again by the use of which when within a few days he began to grow bettr he was ordered to take thrice a day Water of quick Lime to five or six Ounces Having continued this Remedy four days he made water in a moderate quantity well ting'd and somewhat salt and as to other things he seem'd well as he was before By the same method and chiefly with the Water of quick Lime I Cur'd another of a Diabetes who was look'd upon as past recovery The Kinds and Prescripts of Medicines that stop Vrine flowing in excess A Stringent Medicines properly so call'd to wit such as are austere acerb and stiptick do little or nothing in stopping a Diuresis for the vertue of those things has no effect on the Mass of Blood nor does it reach to the Reins and Bladder But the Remedies that chiefly do good in the Diabetes are of two kinds as we have hinted before viz. First those that hinder the combinations of the Salts and consequently the fusion of the Blood such as the Incrassatives before mentioned Secondly Those that dissolve the Concretions of the Salts and consequently restore the mixture of the Blood of which kind are Saline Remedies of a contrary nature which are apt to cleave to the Acid Salt and so withdraw it from the combinations it has entred into within the Blood as chiefly Medicines endow'd with a fixt volatile or alchalisate Salt Besides these two Primary kinds of Medicines that restrain Urine there rests a Secondary kind to wit Hypnoticks which putting some stop to the Animal Aeconomy cause the vital function to be perform'd with more calmness and consequently with less fusion of the Blood or precipitation of the serous and nutricious humours It remains now to set down some Select Forms of each kind of these Medicines I. The first Scope of Curing to wit by which we endeavour by thickning the Blood to prevent its fusion or to take it away is effected by the Medicines following Take Gumm Arabick and Tragacanth powder'd of each an Ounce Sugar Penids half an Ounce Make a Powder divide it into sixteen parts Take one part thrice a day dissolving it in the distill'd water or in the docoction of the Roots of Comphry in fountain water or Milk Take of the Resumptive Electuary three Ounces Species Diatragacanthi frigidi an Ounce Red Coral prepar'd two Drams Confection of Hyacinth a Dram and a half Gelly of the cast Skins of Vipers what will suffice Make an Electuary of which let the Patient take twice a day the quantity of a Wallnut Take white Amber Mastick Olibanum powdred of each an Ounce Pulvis Haly two Ounces Balsam of Tolu half an Ounce Make a Subtle Powder the Dose is half a Dram twice or thrice a day Take Roots of great Comphry and Water Lillies of each three Ounces Dates slic'd two Ounces Seeds of Maliows Cotton-plant Plantain Fleawort of each half an Ounce Boil them in four pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd to the straining add Syrup of Water Lillies two Ounces The Dose is four Ounces thrice a day Take of the decoction of Barly with Water Lilly-roots a pound and a half Sweet Almonds prepar'd an Ounce and a half Seeds of white Poppies Purslain Lettice of each half an Ounce Make an Emulsion according to art the Dose is four Ounces thrice a day Take Cypress Tops six handfuls Clary Leaves four handfuls Flowers of blind Nettles Comphry Water Lillies of each four handfuls Roots of Water Lillies and Comphry of each half a pound Mace an Ounce all being small slic'd together pour to them of new Milk eight pounds distil them in an ordinary Still The Dose is four Ounces thrice a day with the Powder of Electuary above written II. In the second place though Saline Medicines of every kind and condition are accounted Diuretick
and every of them in certain cases inasmuch as they fuse the Blood and cause a copious separation of its Serosities are in some sort Diuretick Nevertheless for the reason above-mention'd to wit for that meeting with the Acid Salt when it is predominant in the Blood they prevent and take away its fusion and dissolution I do not doubt but sometimes they may be given with good success to stop Fluxes of Urine And I have heard for certain that one was Cur'd of a Diabetes by an Infusion of quick Lime Now in regard the Saline Medicaments which we suppose to take away the predominancy of the Acid Salt and to fetter it as it were contain either a fixt volatile or Alchalisate Salt I shall give you some Forms of Diureticks which have each of these for their foundation 1. First then when a fixt Salt by it self or join'd with Sulphur is requir'd for a Basis Take Tincture of Salt of Tartar or its Deliquium what suffices Give it thrice a day in a draught of the decoction or distilld water before describ'd Take Tincture of Antimony let it be taken after the same manner thrice a day I have found by frequent experience the use of this to be very profitable in this Disease Take Tincture of Salt of Coral a Scruple let it be taken after the same manner Take of the Infusion of quick Lime a pound The Dose is three or four Ounces thrice a day giving before a Dose of the Electuary or Powder above prescrib'd Take Conserves of the Flowers of blind Nettles and of the great Comphry of each four Ounces of the reddest Crocus of steel half an Ounce Coral calcin'd to a whiteness two Drams Syrup of Comphry what suffices Make an Electuary the Dose is two Drams thrice a day Take Lapis Specularis calcin'd an Ounce The Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram twice or thrice a day Country People with this Medicine successfully Cure their Cattle that piss bloody water Take Coral calcin'd to a whiteness and powdred three Drams Powder of Gumm Arabick and Tragacanth of each a Dram Make Powder divide it into ten parts let one part be taken thrice a day with a fit Vehicle to wit with the decoction or the distill'd water Take the reddest Crocus Martis six Drams Gumm Lac powdred half an Ounce red Saunders a Dram Make a Powder divide it into twenty parts whereof let one be taken thrice a day Take Hartshorn burnt and powdred half an Ounce boil it in four pounds of the water of a Smiths forge till half be consum'd adding towards the end a Crust of Bread Roots of great Comphry and water Lillies dry'd of each an Ounce and a half Sacchari Perlati two Ounces let him take four Ounces thrice a day 2. Medicines containing an Alchalisate Salt such as Coral Pearl Cuttle-bone Hartshorn Ivory Powders of Shells and the like as they are commonly us'd against Rheumatick affects so likewise for a Diabetes And inasmuch as they imbibe the Acid Salt abounding in the Blood and so free the Mass of Blood from fusion we may justly expect a benefit from them Take red Coral ground to a great subtlety Cuttle-bone of each half an Ounce Hartshorn Philosophically calcin'd three Drams Pearl Ivory Crabs Eyes of each a Dram Mix them make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram thrice a day with a fit Vehicle Take of the said Powder three Ounces Species Diatragacanth frigid two Ounces Sugar Candy two Ounces Make a Powder and with a sufficient quantity of the Solution of Gumm Arabick make a Paste and let it be form'd into Troches weighing half a Dram let three or four be taken thrice or oftner in a day Take of the said Powder two Ounces of the Resumptive Electuary four Ounces Conserve of the Flowers of water Lillies three Ounces Syrup of the same what suffices Make an Electuary let him take the quantity of a Chesnut thrice a day drinking after it a draught of the Apozeme or of the distill'd water above prescrib'd 3. For the same reason as Medicines endued with a fixt and Alchalisate Salt seem proper in Curing the Diabetes for the same reason do such as have a volatile Salt For these as well as those lay hold on and draw of the Acid Salt by which the Blood is fus'd and dissolv'd into Serosities so that its Liquor recovers its due Crasis Take the Solar Tincture prepar'd as I readily do it with Sal Armoniack an Ounce The Dose is twenty Drops thrice a day The Spirits of Blood Soot and Hartshorn may also be try'd in this Disease Take Salt of Amber a Dram the reddest Crocus Martis two Drams Mix them divide it into twelve parts the Dose is one part thrice a day III. As to the third kind of Remedies in the Diabetes to wit Hypnoticks which by putting a stay to the Animal Spirits retard the course of the Blood and so hinder in some measure its effervescency and fusion I use to prescribe to some persons Diascordium to be taken every Evening and when that does not do I give sometimes every Night and sometimes every other Night Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated or Tartariz'd and that with good success Take the decoction of Barly with the dry'd Roots of Comphry six Ounces white Poppy-seeds two Drams sweet Almonds prepar'd in number six Make an Emulsion according to art let it be taken every Night going to sleep Take of the Magistral distill'd water above prescrib'd four Ounces Solution of Tragacanth two Drams Diascordium from half an Ounce to six Drams Give it going to sleep Take Conserve of the flowers of water Lillies two Drams Laudanum Tartariz'd or Cydoniated a Scruple Tincture of Saffron six Grains Make a Bolus to be taken going to sleep CHAP. VII Instructions concerning Sweating and Diaphoreticks or Medicines causing Sweat with Prescripts of them FOr a ready and plentiful eruption of Sweat these three things are requir'd First that the Blood boiling more than its wont circulates with a more rapid motion Secondly That its Latex abounds with many watry Particles and those loose that is apt to be separated from the rest of the Liquor and to be resolv'd into Vapours for if there be a deficiency of Serum or if it be not easily separable from the Blood through its too great compactness or incrassation by reason of Faeculencies strongly mixt in it scarce any sweat at all will follow though the intense heat of a burning Fever presses for it and most powerful Diaphoreticks are given at the same time Thirdly The Pores of the whole Body must be set wide open for a free passage of the Sweat Therefore Sweating Medicines to be taken inwardly must be such as make the Blood boil more than ordinarily and consequently cause it to evaporate Also such as somewhat loosen and fuse its often too compact and incrassated Mass that its Serosities may more readily depart from it and be separated and they must be such as at the same
time dispose them so separated rather to pass forth by Sweat than by Urine or Seige As to the third thing requir'd to wit the opening of the Pores this is done in a manner wholly by outward Administrations Now because the same Saline preparations which are given to procure Sweat are often given to move Urine and sometimes also for Cordials we must shew by what preparation and other requisites Sweating is to be promoted alone without the other intents And we observe that Sudorificks inwardly taken seldom or never work of their own accord as Emeticks Catharticks or Diureticks but always need some Governance to actuate the Medicine and to determine it to that Energy Wherefore a Diaphoretick being given the Patient must presently be so ordered that the Pores of his Body may be open'd and the beat of his Heart very much heighten'd For these ends either let him be kept in a Bed Bath or Hot-house or let him exercise his Body with some quick or laborious motion and that these things may succeed the better in promoting Sweat when it is in our power let us make choice of a fit time and subject for it viz. when the Blood enjoying a laudable or not very evil Crasis both sufficiently abounds with a Serous humour and has not its Particles in too great a confusion or perturbation but is in a disposition readily to be loosen'd and to separate it self and run into parts For in a Bilous temperament in a thin and dry constitution and in the mindst of a burning Fever when all things are in a trouble and undigested Diaphoreticks commonly prove of no effect or do hurt Moreover when Diaphoreticks are judg'd proper we must not give all sorts of them indifferently but peculiar Medicines must be chosen according to the various disposition of the Blood and the different predominancies of the Element in it sometimes of this sometimes of that and according to the states of the Salts The Kinds and Prescripts of Diaphoretick Medicines SUdorifick Medicines being manifold and of divers kinds and being wont in a various respect to be rang'd in order and reduc'd to Classes In the first place I have thought fit here to distinguish them and set them down both as to their form and manner of Composition and as to the matter out of which they are made Their most usual forms are 1. a Powder 2. Chymical Liquors 3. A Potion 4. A Bolus 5. A Diet. The matter of each of these are either the integral parts of the whole mixt Body or certain Elementary parts of some mixt resolv'd by Chymistry and those are either simple viz. either Spirituous or Saline The latter of which also are either volatile or fixt Acid or nitrous Or lastly the Sudorifick Particles so divided and separated by Chymistry are Elementary parts compounded betwixt themselves viz. Spirituo-Saline and Salino-Sulphureous As we run through each of these Species in order we shall adapt to each matter the more Select forms of Prescripts Diaphoreticks which have the integral parts of a mixt for their foundation in which also a smart or volatile Salt is predominant in this respect often conduce to provoke Sweat that their Particles being admitted into the Blood and being immiscible with it and not to be subdued exagitate its Mass greatly divide it and draw it asunder as it were into most Minute parts so that at length the texture of the Blood being very much loosen'd and set a boiling the superfluous Serosites Recrements and taints of the Blood are cast forth together with the Particles of the Medicine which are expell'd by reason of their Heterogeneity Those that are of this rank are usually given in the form of a Powder Bolus Potion and Diet according to the following forms of Prescripts Take Roots of Contrayerva Serpentaria Virginiana Butter-burr of each a Dram Cochinele Saffron of each half a Dram Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram with a fit Vehicle Take Powder of Vipers a Dram give it in some convenient Liquor Take Powder of Toads prepar'd from half a Dram to a Dram. When Diaphoreticks ought to predominate in Sal Alchali alone or mixt with the former Take Oriental Bezoar from a Scruple to half a Dram give it in a spoonful of distill'd water or some other Vehicle Take Powder of Crabs Claws Compound from a Scruple to half a Dram give it after the same manner The Bezoartick Powder is made after this manner Take Powder of the Roots of Contrayerva of Crabs Claws simple of each two Ounces Pearl both sorts of Coral white Amber Crabs Eyes Hartshorn Crystal prepar'd of each an Ounce Occidental Bezoar Lemnian Earth of each half an Ounce Ceruse of Antimony two Ounces Cochenele half an Ounce Ambergreece a Dram and a half Musk half a Dram Make a subtle Powder and let it be form'd into little round Balls with the Gelly of the Skins of Vipers the Dose it from a Scruple to a Dram. Take of this Bezoartick Powder a Scruple Powder of Toads prepar'd six Grains Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Treacle water 2. Bolus's which have for their Basis the integral parts of some mixt made in the form of an Electuary Extract or Conserve Take of Mithridate from half a Dram to a Dram of the Bezoartick Powder from a Scruple to half a Dram Syrup of the Juice of Citrons what will suffice make a Bolus Instead of Mithridate you may put Treacle or Diascordium or Confectio Liberantis de Hyacintho So likewise Bezoar powdred or the Roots of Contrayerva and the Powders of the like things may supply the place of the Bezoartick Powder Take of the Extract of Treacle from half a Dram to a Dram of the Bezoartick Powder a Scruple Make a Bolus Take of the Extract of Carduus half a Dram Bezoartick Powder a Scruple Salt of Wormwood fifteen Grains with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of the Juice of Citrons Make a Bolus 3. Potious which have for their Basis common decoctions of Vegetables or Infusions and Tinctures Take Roots of Butter-burr an Ounce Seeds of the same two Drams Eringo Roots Condited six Drams Carduus Seeds two Drams boil all in a pound of fountain water till half be consum'd In the cleer straining dissolve of Mithridate half a Dram or two Scruples Let it be taken warm in Bed After the like manner the Leaves of Carduus the Flowers of Marigolds or Cammomile may be boild in a sufficient quantity of Posset-drink of which six or eight Ounces may be given warm either alone or with some Powder Electuary or other Diaphoretick added to it 4. Diaphoretick Infusions and Tinctures of divers kinds may be prepar'd by extracting the vertues of simple Vegetables and Confections with Wine Vinegar or distill'd water which afterwards being strain'd and clarified by setling are often given with success To this place ought to be referr'd the Bezoartick waters Wines and Vinegars prepar'd by Infusion the forms of which are every where
is apt continually to be fus'd and precipitated into Serosities The Pores of the Body in the mean time being open and free for an Evacuation by Sweat Now the Blood is so apt to fusions and flowings for the most part from a predominancy of a Fluid or Acid Salt in it and sometimes the Nervous Juice growing sharp empties its Acid superfluities into the Blood and so precipitates its Mass into Serosities This excessive Sweating does not only arise from the vitiated Crasis and Fermentation of the Blood but sometimes from its depraved Accension and through an excess of Sulphur in it as sometimes through a deficiency of it In order to the Cure of this Over-Sweating the Therapeutick intentions must be chiefly these three First To take away or correct the ill habit or weakness of the humours Secondly gently to close the Pores of the Skin which are too open Thirdly To derive the Serum of the Blood and the watry superfluities to the Reins 1. The first of these is perform'd by those Remedies which destroy the predominancy of the Acid Salt in the Blood or Nervous Juice and which promote the Exaltation of the Sulphur if haply it grows weak for which ends Anti-scorbuticks Chalybeats Also medicines endow'd with a Volatile Nitrous or Alchalisate Salt most commonly prove effectual I shall set down certain forms of each of these Take Conserve of the Flowers of Cichory and Fumitory of each two Ounces Powder of Ivory Hartshorn Coral prepar'd of each a Dram Pearl half a Dram Species of Diarrhodon Abbatis a Dram Lignum Aloes Saunders both red and yellow of each half a Dram Sal Prunella four Scruples with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Fumitory make an Electuary Give the quantity of a Wallnut in the Evening and the next Morning drinking after it either of the following Julap or distill'd water three Ounces Take the Waters of Fumitory and Wallnuts simple of each six Ounces the Waters of Snails and Earth-worms of each an Ounce Sugar six Drams Mix them make a Julap Take tops of Firr Tamarisk Cypres of each four handfuls of Myrtle two handfuls Leaves of Watercresses Brooklimes Agrimony St. Johnswort Harts-Tongue Fluellen or Speedwel of each three handfuls the outward Coats of twelve Oranges Being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Brumswick Beer eight pounds distill it in common Organs Let the whole Liquor be mixt and sweeten it at pleasure the Dose three Ounces twice a day Take Leaves of Dandelion Watercresses Plantain Brooklimes of each three handfuls being bruis'd pour to them of the distill'd water above written a pound wring it forth hard The Dose is from three to four Ounces in the Morning at Nine of the Clock and at Five in the Afternoon According to this method I use to prescribe in a failing of strength and Night-sweats after long Agues and if these remedies do no good we must come to Chalybeates Take Syrup of Steel six Ounces let a spoonful be taken in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon with three Ounces of the Water above prescrib'd Take Powder of Ivory of Coral prepar'd of each two Drams Crocus Martis Salt of Steel of each a Dram and a half Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram twice a day with three Ounces of the same distill'd water Take Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce The Dose is from twenty to thirty Drops twice a day with the distill'd water After the same manner may be given the Tincture of Coral and Tinctures prepar'd out of Gums and Balsams Moreover in these cases the Spirits of Hartshorn Vrine and Se et are given given with success The second intention for the Cure of excessive Sweating consisting in a due state of the Pores is perform'd in a manner only by outward Administrations For which end let the whole Body be anointed with Oyl of Date-kernels with an Oyntment of Orange Flowers and the like and let Linnen done over a little with the same be worn sometimes Bathing in cold Water or in a River sometimes change of Air may do well It seems here proper to speak a little of a certain troublesome Distemper relating to Sweating or at least to an excessive perspiration I often observe that some Persons have their Bodies so disposed that if upon any occasion the least Breath of Wind or Air comes upon them their Spirits are presently in a mighty trouble all their Powers are in a Consternation and their whole Body is discompos'd This extream tenderness in some Persons more than in others to take cold or to be offended with it happens either through the fault of the Animal Spirits or of the Blood or of the Pores of the Body to wit of one of them or of more of them together 1. First The Animal Spirits are sometimes in fault because being very weak they are not able to endure any thing harsh or rough outwardly pressing upon them but presently upon the appulse of the bare Air are put to flights and distractions And sometimes this Indisposition happens through their fault for that being degenerated and become of an eager restless and uneasie disposition they are put into disorder upon every such pressure of Air. Wherefore those who by reason of the Spirits so dispos'd become Hypochondriacal being also subject to the Affect before mention'd on every little occasion are troubled with Cold. 2. The Blood disposes to a habit of depraved Perspiration in a two-fold manner viz. both in respect of its temperament and of its mixture As to this latter oftentimes the Texture of the Blood is so loose and open that upon every light accident and espccially upon the appulse of a cold moist Air it 's presently stirr'd to fluxions and precipitations of Serosities insomuch that Persons who have such Blood dare not step forth of doors nay scarce look forth Again the Mass of Blood being often hot in its temper and very full of vapours Breaths forth Effluvia's very sharp and penetrative by which the Pores of the Skin being too much loosned and laid wide open the Spirits and the Vital Flame are expos'd to the injuries of the naked Air and the Winds more than they ought 3. The ill constitution of the Pores gotten either by sickness or other ways or being natural from our Birth very much inclines to that habit of depraved Sweating For in regard those passages being too wide do always in a manner gape the Blood and Spirits in the whole Body or in certain parts of it are not sufficiently guarded against the encounter of the outward Air. The Intentions for Curing this Distemper are chiefly these three ' viz. first to help the weaknesses or dejections or depauperations of the Blood and Spirits Secondly To take away their Dyscrasies if they have any Thirdly To procure a due Confirmation of the Pores The chief stress of this business consists in the first intention which regards the strengthning of the Animal Spirits and the inlargement of the whole sensitive Soul for
the Tincture of Salt of Tartar of Steel and other things that chiefly abound with Spirit and havd a plenty of Sulphur of which sometimes these sometimes those may be taken as every patient lists When by reason of the Bloods being not kindled and consequently of its too greatcorwding and stagnation as it were within the Praecordia a languishing and failing of the Spirits with a great oppression of the Heart happens then Aqua Mirabilis the waters of Cinnamon Cloves Wormwood Compound also of the Rines of Oranges distill'd with Wine are proper to which sometimes a Dose of some Spirit Elixir or Tincture may be added But here great caution is needful that a person do no indulge himself too much to these kind of Cordials for many by often sipping of them get an ill habit continuing their daily use and encreasing the Dose which at length proves fatal to them for the Liver chiefly and other entrails are so dry'd and scorch'd thereby that the stock of Blood being diminish'd and its Crasis perverted an unhealthy Cacochymia follows or an abbreviation of Life In the second Rank of Cordials we put those Medicines which somewhat appease the too great boiling of the Blood and put a little stop to and allay its immoderate deflagration of this kind are distill'd Waters Acids and Nitrous things Take the waters of Wood-sorrel of whole Citrons of Straw-berrys of each four Ounces Syrup of the Juice of Citrons an Ounce Pearl Powdred a Dram Make a Julape the Dose is two Ounces three or four times a day Take the waters of Pippins or Garden Apples of Rasberrys of each four Ounces Syrup of Violets an Ounce Spirit of Vitriol twelve Drops Make a Julape Take fountain water a Pound and a half Juice of Limmons two Ounces Sugar an Ounce and a half Make a drink of which let three Ounces be taken at pleasure Take Grass Roots three Ounces Candied Eringos six Ounces two Apples slic'd or Corinths two Ounces Shavings of Ivory and of Harts-horn of each two Drams Leaves of Wood-sorrel a handful boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds to the clear straining add of Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Syrup of Violets an Ounce and a half Make an Apozem the Dose is three or four Ounces thrice a day Take Conserve of red Roses vitriolated four Ounces fountain water two pounds dissolve it close cover'd and warm then strain it the Dose is three Ounces at pleasure Take Conserve of Barberrys Rob of Rasberrys of each an Ounce and a half Pearl prepar'd half a Dram Confection of Hyacinth a Dram Syrup of the Juice of Citrons what suffices Make a Confection the Dose is half a Dram thrice a day The third rank of Cordials furnishes those sorts of Medicines which being destinated against the exorbitancies of the boiling Blood loosen and open its close texture for the separation and discharge of its drossy superfluities These being chiefly and in a manner only of a saline nature are also of divers kinds according to the manifold state of the saline Particles of which they consist but for the most part their Basis is either a Volatile Alchalisate Acid Fixt or Nitrous Salt we shall set down certain forms of each of these In the First place Cordials endow'd with a volatile Salt are wont to be given with good effect according to the following prescripts both in Feavers in respect of the Blood and also in swoonings and sudden faintings in respect of the Animal Spirits Take Spirit of Hartshorn from fifteen Grains to twenty Treacle water two Drams give it with a spoon drinking after it a draught of some appropriated Liquor After the same manner may be given the Spirits of Blood of Mans Scull of Soot of Sal Armoniack Compound Take Salt of Vipers a Dram Sal Prunella two Drams Powder of Crabs Claws Compound a Dram and a half Mix them make a Powder the Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples in a spoonful of Cordial Julape drinking after it a little draught of the same Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Scruple Bezoartick Mineral a Scruple Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of some proper Liquor Secondly Those are chiefly call'd by the name of Cordials by the Vulgar whose Basis is an Alchalisate or Petrifying Salt as particularly Oriental Bezoar Pearl Coral and other Powders of Shells and Stones Take Gascoins Powder or Powder of Crabs Claws Compound from a Scruple to half a Dram give it in a spoonful of Cordial Julape drinking after it two Ounces of the same Take Oriental Bezoar from six Grains to twenty give it after the same manner Take Powders of Crabs Claws and Crabs Eyes of each a Dram Pearl both sorts of Coral prepar'd of each four Scruples both sorts of Bezoar half a Dram the best Bole-Armoniack Aurum Diaphoreticum of each two Scruples Bezoartick Mineral a Dram Mix them make a Cordial Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to two Scruples or a Dram with a fit Vehicle In Persons seiz'd with a Plurisie the following things are accounted the most proper Cordials for as much as by destroying the predominancy of the acid Salt they take away or prevent the Coagulations and Extravasatings of the Blood Take the Powder of a Wild Bores Tusk from half a Dram to a Dram Cristal Mineral a Scruple Powder of red Poppy Flowers half a Scruple Make a Powder to be taken in any Liquor After the same manner may be given the Powders of Crabs Eyes and of the Jaw-bone of the Pike-fish To this place belong also preparations of Nitre which are often given with good effect in Fevers according to the following Forms Take Cristal Mineral a Scruple Volatile Salt of Hartshorn from three Grains to six mix them Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Cordial Julape Take Cristal Mineral Antimony Diaphoretick of each a Scruple Bezoartick Powder half a Scruple Make a Powder give it after the same manner Medicines whose Basis is a fluid or acid Salt are prescrib'd in Fevers after the following Forms to loosen the Texture of the Blood Take Spirit of Vitriol from four Drops to six Carduus water three Ounces Treacle water two Drams Syrup of the Juice of Citrons three Drams Pearl half a Scruple Make a draught to be taken twice or thrice a day Spirit of Salt or of Nitre may be taken after the same manner For the same the drink Cherbet called also the Divine drink of Palmarius are proper Take Powder of Hartshorn Calcin'd or of Antimony Diaphoretick three Drams Spirit of Vitriol or of Salt a Dram bray them together in a Glass Mortar and let them dry The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram in a spoonful of Cordial Julape Fixt or lixivial Salts of Herbs often enter the Compositions of Alexipharmicks Moreover Medicines which have these for their Basis as they are accounted very famous Febrifuges so they ought to be numbred amongst Cordials for instance we
Citron Pills Make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it of the following Julape three Ounces and walking upon it Take water of the Leaves of Wake Robin a pound of Pennyroyal and Hyssop of each four Ounces Sugar an Ounce Mix them make a Julape Take of the Tincture of Antimony an Ounce the Dose is from twenty to five and twenty drops twice a day with the said Julape Moreover amongst these we may place the Tincture of Steel and its Syrup also Elixir proprietatis with many others Secondly The panting of the Heart which is more frequent and much more violent happens through some fault in the Arteries belonging to the Heart which fault is either an Obstruction or a Convulsive affect The first default for the most part is continual and often incurable but especially if it arises from Consumptive Lungs or because the Roots of the Arteries are half stop'd or compress'd by reason of some Tuberculum or bony Excrescency in them And in this case all that can be done is to give some ease now and then by Hypnoticks Moreover it is not improbable that the Arteries sometimes are almost fill'd up with Polypous Concretions engendred in them and sometimes within the Cavities of the Heart it self and that thereby the free passage of the whole current of Blood is hindred but as it is diffcult to be satisfied when this is so so it is as rare to find a Cure for it When there is a suspicion of it Saline Medicines seem to be most proper and of those we must give such as have a Volatile or Acid Salt but we must not give them together but for a time those which failing of success try the others Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack Compound viz. distill'd with Millepedes or with other Anti-Asthmaticks three Drams the Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty thrice a day with the Julape or some proper distill'd water After the same manner you may try the Spirits of Hartshorn Soot Blood and of an old Scull Take Spirit of Sea Salt or of Vitriol distill'd and often Cohobated with the Spirit of Wine impregnated with Pneumonick Herbs three Drams the Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty after the same manner for these purposes the Spirits of Tartar Guaiacum and of Box are often us'd The panting of the Heart is very often a Convulsive affect and wont to be produc'd from the like Cause and manner of affecting as other Hypochondriack and Asthmatick affects and its Cure also ought to be attempted by Antispasmodick Remedies but a cholce of them must be made with some difference according as the Disease happens in a hot or cold temperament In respect of the former the following Medicines may be prescrib'd Take Spiritus succini Armoniaci three Ounces the Dose is from fifteen Drops to twenty twice a day with the Julape or some proper distill'd water After the same manner may be given interchangeably the Tincture of Tartar of Steel or of Antimony Of the trembling of the Heart and its Cure THe trembling of the Heart is an effect distinct from its panting or Palpitation and of a different nature from it for in that its carneous and moving Fibres seem affected by themselves nor does the Morbifick Cause as in the other affect seem to lie in the Blood or in the Arteries of the Heart The trembling of the Heart may be well describ'd to be a Spasmodick Convulsion or rather a trepidation of its flesh by which the moving Fibres hastily and only half contracted cause most swift turns of the Systoles and Diastoles but broken and as it were at halfs so that the Blood is brought into and carried forth of the Sinus 's of the Heart only in very small Portions As to the method of Cure to be us'd in the trembling of the Heart since this affect is meerly Convulsive therefore they are not Cordial Remedies but rather Cephalicks and Nervous Medicines that are Indicated which nevertheless according to the temperament and constitution of the Patient must be either more hot or moderate or now of this now of that nature To comprehend all in a few words since there are three sorts of Mecines that are wont to be mighty successful in this Distemper viz. testaceous Medicines Chalybeates and such as are endow'd with a volatile Salt I shall here briefly set down certain forms of each of these and their use Therefore in the first place a provision being made for the whole by evacuatives and a choice being made of that sort of Medicine which promises best you may prescribe as follows Take Coral prepar'd Pearl of each two Drams both Bezoars of each half a Dram white Amber two Scruples Amber-greece a Scruple Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram twice or thrice a day with a distill'd water or some proper Julape Take Powder of Crabs Claws Compound two Drams Powder of Male Peony Roots and of Mans Scull prepar'd of each a Dram Flowers of Male Peony of Lillies of the Valley of each half a Dram Make a Powder to be taken after the same manner Take Ivory red Coral powdered of each three Drams Species Diambrae a Dram double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of water of Navews and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets seven Ounces Make Tablets according to Art weighing half a Dram let one or two be eaten often in a day as the person pleases Take Conserve of the Flowers of Lillies of the Valley six Ounces Powders of Coral prepar'd Pearl Ivory Crabs Eyes of each a Dram and a half Vitriol of Mars a Dram Syrup of Coral what suffices Make an Electuary the Dose is from a Dram to two Drams twice a day drinking after it a draught of the following Julape Take the water of Navews and of whole Citrons of each six Ounces of Orange Rines distill'd with Wine two Ounces Sugar half an Ounce Make a Julape Take of our Syrup of Steel six Ounces the Dose is a spoonful in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon with two Ounces of the Julape before written leaving out the Sugar or with distill'd water Take Powder of Ivory and of Coral of each two Drams and a half Species Diambrae a Dram Salt of Steel two Drams Sugar eight Ounces Amber-greece dissolv'd half a Scruple Make Tablets weithing half a Dram the Dose is three or four Drams twice a day Take fresh Strawberies eight pounds the outward Coats of twelve Oranges fresh Filings of Iron half a pound being bruis'd together pour to them eight pounds of Wine let them ferment in a Pot close cover'd for twenty four hours then distill it in common Organs Take Spirit of Hartshorn or of Blood or the like three Drams The Dose is twenty drops twice a day with a fit Vehicle Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack Coral prepar'd of each two Drams The Dose is a Scruple twice a day Take
Heterogeneous Particles may be subdued and soon evaporate the Operation of a Narcotick intervening puts a stop to these endeavours of the Praecordia and consequently retards the Purification of the Blood and sometimes disappoints it As to other Excrementitious humours usually heap'd together in the Ventricle or the Intestines these also must be purg'd forth by Vomit or Seige before an Opiat be given For otherwise being there fixt they will stick more pertinaciously For the Fibres of those parts being stupified by the Medicine are not irritated as before nor do they readily set upon excretory Convulsions for expelling those drossy superfluities or perform it with any vigour Wherefore according to the ancient Precept If any thing be to be Evacuated let it be done before a Narcotick be given The Kinds and Prescripts of Opiats THe safest Narcotick and which is generally approv'd of by long experience is the Poppy and preparations of it Wherefore as often as we endeavour effectually and safely to provoke sleep the whole stress of the Medicine is Plac'd in Opium or Diacodium As to the Heads of white Poppies with the Seeds out of which Diacodium also Decoctions Emulsions and other Hypnotick Confections are made it plainly appears that these have much less of a Narcotick Sulphur in them than the concreted Juice of Opium and what they have of it is much more pure and innocent Wherefore we give oftner and with more safety Medicines made of these nor ought we to use Laudanum but when through the violence of Symptoms Diacodiats will not serve Again since these have in them less of virulency they do not want much preparation but either a simple Decoction or Infusion or Expression being made of them they may be apply'd to Physical use Now Opium is seldom prescrib'd simply and by it self but is wont to be corrected and compounded after a various and diversifyed manner of preparation that it may become a safe Anodine The wild Poppy has a certain Hypnotick vertue but much more mild and gentle than that other wherefore in certain cases it agrees excellently well and we may be more secure as to its use Of this a Syrup and a distill'd water is always ready prepar'd in Apothecaries Shops which in many continual Feavers are often given with good success and they are judg'd to have a certain specifical virtue in Curing the Pelurisy because they take away pains and by putting some stay to the Pulse abate the Feaverish boiling of the Blood Moreover a Tincture is made of its Flowers Infus'd in Brandy which is a famous Medicine amongst Empiricks and good Women and is averr'd to be good against Surfeits The reason of which effect seems to be that the Spirit of Wine frees the Contents of the Stomack from putrefaction and the Narcotick force of the Flowers prevents the Invasion of the Feaver I shall now set down certain Select Forms of Narcoticks which I shall also digest into certain Classes according as the Opiats have for their Basis either the Syrup or distill'd water of the wild Poppy or Diacodium or Laudanum Extractum or Liquidum or Pilul de Styrace or de Cynoglosso or lastly Philonium Take the water of wild Poppies and Cowslip water of each six Ounces Syrup of red Poppies two Ounces Sal Prunella half a Dram mix them Make a Julape the Dose is three or four Ounces thrice a day in the Pleurisie Pains watching without a Feaver or any manifest Cause Take of Poppy water from four Ounces to six Let it be taken now and then by it self twice or thrice a day for the same intent Take Diacodium from half an Ounce to an Ounce Cowslip water three Ounces Treacle water three Ounces Make a Potion Take Carduus water three Ounces Diacodium half an Ounce Spirit of Hartshorn from half a Scruple to a Scruple Make a draught for procuring sleep and sweat Take Diascordium half a Dram Gascoins Powder a Scruple Diacodium two Drams mix them Let it be taken in a spoon Take Diacodium three Ounces Snail water an Ounce mix them It s proper in the Cough and Phthisick The Dose is a spoonful going to Rest and if need be take it again after Midnight Take London Laudanum a Grain Powder of Claws Compound from half a Scruple to a Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Clove-Gillyflowers Make three Pills to be taken going to Rest Take Laudanum a Grain Stomack Pills with Gumms half a Dram Make four Pills to be taken going to rest in the Colick Take Laudanum from a Grain to a Grain and a half Diascordium a Scruple Make a Bolus instead of Diascordium you may put the Confection of Alkermes or of Hyacinth Take Laudanum a Grain dissolve it in a spoonful of Treacle water add of Cowslip water two Ounces Make a draught Take of our Liquid Laudanum tartariz'd twenty Drops give it in a spoonful of Aqua Mirabilis or of Cinnamon water or of any other fit Vehicle It s proper in Colick Nephritick or Gouty pains Take Species of Hiera half a Dram of the foresaid Laudanum twenty drops Make four Pills let them be taken going to rest for Purging and easing pains of the Colick at the same time Take Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated from fifteen Drops to twenty Give it in a spoonful of small Cinnamon water for the Flux Take Conserve of red Roses an Ounce Venice Treacle Confection of Hyacinth of each two Drams Pulvis Pannonici Rubri a Dram Laudanum Cydoniated two Drams Syrup of Coral what suffices Make an Electuary the Dose is a Dram every fourth or fifth hour in a violent Bloody Flux with Gripes Take Pilul de Styrace from five Grains to six Lac Sulphuris half a Scruple Oyl of Anniseeds a Drop Balsam of Peru what suffices Make three Pills to be taken in the Cough Asthma c. Take Pilul de Cynoglosso from six Grains to eight Make two Pills to be taken going to rest for the same intents Take Philonium Romanum from one Scruple to two Conserve of Clove-Gillyflowers half a Dram mix them Make a Bolus to be taken going to rest It s proper for the Colick in a cold temperament I shall now say something concerning the Effects of the great Anti-Hypnotick Coffee Coffee though in some cases it be very profitable and Physical in others it is hurtful and unwholesome for we see that great Coffee-drinkers become lean and are very often subject to be Paralytick and grow impotent for generation Yet as to Affects of the Brain and the Genus Nervosum I very often prescribe this Drink for them For indeed in very many Cephalick Diseases and Infirmities viz. in Head-aches Giddiness the Lethargy Catarrhs and the like where with a full habit of Body and a cold temperament or one that is not hot and a watery Blood there is a moist Brain with a sluggishness and dullness of the Animal Spirits Coffee has often a very good effect for being daily drank it wonderfully clears and
because they destroy the Acidities of the humours and hinder and put a stop to the dissolution of the Blood and its fusion into Serosities For the like reason and manner of Operating Medicines prepar'd of Sulphur are of such egregious use against the Cough 2. The Second Indication viz. the derivation of the Serum and other dreggy Excrements of the Blood from the Lungs and their Evacuation by other ways is perform'd by Diaphoretick Medicines Diureticks and gentle Purgers which must go along with other Medicines or be now and then interchangeably us'd with them Therefore after Bleeding we usually give a gentle Purge and sometimes repeat it In the Pectoral Decoctions let the Roots of Chervil Butchers-broom Elecampane and other things moving Sweat and Urine be of the Ingredients Millepedes Volatile Salt of Amber and other fixt Salts and Powders of Shells made into Pills with Turpentine are often given with good effect 3. The Third Indication viz. the fortifying of the Lungs and its Ductus's against the Fluxions of the humours and the assaults of the Cold and the suppression of the Catarrh vulgarly so call'd is perform'd by Linctus's Eclegma's and other particular Remedies and has chiefly a regard to two things viz. gently to close the Mouths of the Vessels and Glands that gape into the Trachea with Astringents lest they cast forth the Serosities too much into it And Secondly To make smooth and glib the sides of the Ductus's of the Trachea that they be not offended and thence continually stirr'd up to a troublesome Cough either by the sharp Serum coming upon them or by the assault of any outward Cold and moreover that those Ductus's being made slippery enough the Spittle sticking sometimes very fast to the sides of them may be more easily gotten off and Cough'd up For the First intent it is that Conserve of red Roses Olibanum Mastick Lohoch de Pino Syrup of Jujubes of dried Roses of Cup-moss and other Astringents are so often ingredients in pectoral prescriptions On the account of the second intent Licorice with its various preparations is accounted so famous a remedy against any Cough whatsoever For this end Syrups Eclegma's and all other sweet Pectorals seem to be ordered to which is added Oyl of sweet Almonds either given by it self or reduc'd into the Form of some Milky pap by long stirring it with some Pectoral Syrup These are the chief Therapeutick Indications together with the apt intentions of Curing which seem to be of most considerable use for a new Cough whilst it is yet free from the suspicion of a Phthisick or at least not yet entred its manifest limits It now remains after this general method briefly given unto you to set down some Select Forms of Medicines appropriated to each Intention These though they are manifold and diversly prepar'd yet those that are of chiefest note and most in use are Mixtures Linctus's Eclegma's Tinctures Balsams Troches Tablets Powders Pills Decoctions and distill'd Waters We shall give you some of the most Elegant Receipts of each 1. Mixtures TAke Syrup of Meconium and of Jujubes of each an Ounce and a half Olibanum powdred a Dram Water of Earth-worms or Hysterick Water or Water of Peony Compound a Dram Mix them the Dose is one spoonful going to Bed and after Mid-night Take Water of Snails and of Earth-worms of each an Ounce and a half Liquid Laudanum Tartariz'd two Drams Syrup of Violets an Ounce The Dose is one spoonful going to Bed Take Water of Snails six Ounces Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy three Ounces Flowers of Sulphur half a Dram Mix them the Dose is a spoonful going to Bed and early in the Morning Take of our Syrup of Diasulphur four Ounces Water of Earth-worms an Ounce The Dose is one spoonful after the same manner 2. Linctus's TAke Syrup of Jujubes and Maidenhair of each an Ounce and a half Syrup of red Poppies an Ounce Mix them let it be taken with a stick of Licorice Take Oyl of sweet Almonds fresh drawn Syrup of Maiden-hair of each an Ounce and a half Sugar Candy two Drams Mix them by bruising them in a Glass Mortar or shaking them in a Glass Vial till they grow white 3. Eclegma's TAke Conserve of red Roses two Ounces and a half Lohoch Sanum an Ounce and a half Species Diatragacanthi frigidi a Dram and a half Flowers of Sulphur half a Dram Syrup of Violets or of red Poppies what suffices Make a soft Lohoch the Dose is a Dram and a half in the Evening and early in the Morning at other times let it be taken with a stick of Licorice Take Powder of the Leaves of Hedge-mustard or of Rockets an Ounce and a half Clarified Honey four Ounces Mix them make a Lohoch give it after the same manner it is proper in a cold Constitution 4. Tinctures TAke Tincture of Sulphur free from any Empyreuma three Drams The Dose is from six drops to ten at Night and early in the Morning in a spoonful of Syrup of Violets or of the Juice of ground Ivy. I know not a more excellent Remedy in any Cough so there be no Feaver Take Tincture of Sulphur of Antimony two Drams The Dose is twenty drops Evenings and Mornings in a spoonful of Pectoral Syrup Take Tincture of Gumm Ammoniacum prepar'd with the Tincture of Salt of Tartar an Ounce The Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty Tinctures of Galbanum of Assa-faetida of the Gum of Ivy prepar'd after the same manner are likewise proper in a cold Constitution 5. Balsams TAke Opobalsamum two Drams The Dose is from six Drops to ten in a spoonful of the Water of Hyssop or Pennyroyal or of any other Pectoral Water Take Artificial distill'd Balsam commonly call'd Mother of Balsam two Drams The Dose is from six Drops to ten in a spoonful of Syrup of Violets or of Canary Wine at Night and in the Morning Take Balsam of Sulphur two Drams The Dose is from five drops to ten after the same manner Take Balsam of Peru a Dram The Dose is from two drops to four or six in Conserve of Violets 6. Troches TAke Species Diatragacanthi frigidi half an Ounce Licorice a Dram Flowers of Sulphur two Scruples Flowers of Benzoin a Scruple Sugar Penids three Ounces Solution of Tragacanth made in Hyssop water what suffices Make a Paste form it into Troches weighing half a Dram let one of them be taken pretty often in the Day or Night Take Seeds of white Poppies six Drams Powder of red Poppy Flowers a Dram Extract of Licorice two Drams Lac Sulphuris half a Dram Sugar Penids two Ounces Mucilage of the Seeds of Quinces what suffices Make a Paste and form it into Troches Take Species Diaireos and of Fox Lungs of each half an Ounce Sugar Penids two Ounces Solution of Tragacanth what suffices Make a Mass to be form'd into Troches Take Powders of Elecampane Roots Anniseeds and Licorice of each two Drams Flowers of Sulphur a Dram
Tablet Sugar an Ounce and a half Juice of Licorice diluted and strain'd what suffices Make a Mass for Troches 7. Tablets TAke Species Diatragacanthi frigidi three Drams Powder of red Poppy Flowers Lac Sulphuris of each half a Dram Sugar dissolv'd in Poppy water and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets four Ounces Make Tablets weighing half a Dram. Take Species Diaireos and of Fox Lungs of each three Drams Flowers of Sulphur Elecampane Roots of each half a Dram White Benzoin a Dram Make a fine Powder and Oyl of Anniseeds a Scruple Sugar dissolv'd and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets eight Ounces Make Tablets weighing half a Dram. 8. Powders THese though seldom yet sometimes are given in a Cough and affects of the Lungs with good success Take of the Reddish tops of ground Ivy what suffices being bruis'd let them be made into a Cake and presently dry'd in the Sun then reduce it into a fine Powder and keep it in a Glass this Plant retains its vertue with its smell and colour excellently well for a long time beyond all Conserves and Syrups and is of wonderful efficacy in a great and obstinate Cough Give from half a Dram to a Dram twice a day with a distill'd water or Pectoral Decoction After the same manner Powders are prepar'd of other Pectoral Plants and are given with good success Take Cup-moss three Drams Lac Sulphuris a Dram Sugar-candy half a Dram Make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram twice a day This Powder is proper for those that are troubled with a Convulsive or Chin-Cough Take Flowers of Sulphur Olibanum Ceruse of Antimony of each two Drams divide it into twelve parts Give one Mornings and Evenings in a spoonful of some fit Vehicle 9. Pills TAke Aloes Rosat or rather Pilul Ruffi Flowers of Sulphur of each a Dram and a half Flowers of Benzoin a Scruple Juice of Licorice diluted with water of Snails what suffices Make a Mass form it into little Pills let four of them be taken at Night repeating the Dose every Night or every other Night Take Powder of Elecampane Roots Licorice and Flowers of Sulphur of each a Dram Flowers of Benzoin half a Dram Tar what suffices Make a Mass and form it into small Pills the Dose is three or four at Night and early in the Morning Take Millipedes prepar'd two Drams Powder of the Seeds of Nettles and Burdock-seeds of each half a Dram Oyl of Nutmegs drawn by distillation a Scruple Salt of Amber half a Dram Juice of Licorice what suffices Make small Pills let three of them be taken at Night and in the Morning 10. Decoctions THese are taken either by themselves or with Milk added to them Among those of the first kind the Pectoral Decoction according to the London Dispensatory first presents it self which is to be taken twice a day from four Ounces to six or eight Take Leaves of ground Ivy Maiden-hair Harts-Tongue Coltsfoot Agrimony of each a handful Roots of Chervil Butchers-broom of each an Ounce Seeds of Carthamus and sweet Fennel of each half an Ounce boil them in six Pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd adding towards the end either of Licorice three Drams Raisins ston'd two Ounces and six Jujubes or of the best Honey three Ounces Make an Apozeme Scumming off the Froth and Clarifying it with the white of an Egg. The Dose is six Ounces warm twice or thrice a day Decoctions to be taken with Milk are us'd Mornings and Evenings instead of a Breakfast and a Supper according to the manner following Take great Daisie Flowers a handful Snails cleans'd in number three Candied Eringo Roots half an Ounce Barley three Drams boil them in a Pound and a half of fountain water to a Pound Take from six Ounces to eight warm adding as much of Milk and afterwards let the quantity of this be encreased by degrees After the same manner let Cup-moss also the Leaves of ground Ivy St. John's-wort and of other Pectorals be boild and taken with Milk Decoctions of Woods frequently conduce very much to the Cure of an obstinate Cough especially being taken constantly for some time instead of Beer as an ordinary Drink Take Roots of Sarzaparilla four Ounces of China two Ounces red and white Saunders of each half an Ounce shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three Drams Let them infuse according to Art and boil in eight Pounds of fountain water to four Pounds adding to it of Licorice six Drams Raisins ston'd an Ounce and a half In a Phlegmatick or cold Constitution add Raspings of Guaiacum 11. Distill'd Waters EVery Man may make many and different Forms of these as occasion requires and according to the Constitution of the Patient they may choose sometimes Milk alone sometimes Milk with some part of Wine sometimes Ale or Brunswick Beer I shall give you a Specimen of these as follows Take Leaves of ground Ivy Hyssop Pennyroyal of each four handfulls Snails half boil'd in their shells two Pounds Nutmegs slic'd in number six All of them being small shred together pour to them of new Milk eight Pounds Distil them in common Organs the Dose is three Ounces twice or thrice a day by it self or with some other Medicine When it s taken let each Dose be sweeten'd with Sugar-Candy or with Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy. In a Constitution that is not hot especially if there be no fervent heat of the Blood or Praecordia to six or seven Pounds of Milk add of Canary Wine a Pound or two and in a Phlegmatick or Aged Body instead of Milk let the Menstruum be Ale or Brunswick Beer Moreover in the Winter when Snails are not easily or scarce at all to be gotten the Lungs of a Lamb or of a Weather may properly enough supply their place and sometimes also those of a Calf half boil'd and slic'd very small and let them be distill'd with the foresaid Ingredients and added to a fit Menstruum in common Organs or a Rose-still In this Classis where it s treated of a Cough not yet arrived to a Phthisick we may aptly range the Convulsive or suffocating Cough of Children commonly called the Chin-Cough This Disease chiefly assaults Children and Infants and at certain times viz. in the Spring especially and Fall it s usually Epidemical The Diseased have frequent and very cruel fits of Coughing in which the Organs of Respiration do not only greatly labour but likewise being affected with Convulsions variously interrupt suspend or pervert their Actions But for the most part the Diaphragm being seiz'd with Convulsions by it self or by the impuise of other parts obstinately so continues for a very long space sometimes its Contraction and sometimes its Dilatation that Inspiration or Expiration being hindred for a time the Vital Breath can scarce be drawn at all so that the Coughers cry out as though they were strangled and their Countenance turns black through the Stagnation of
the Blood If haply those Organs being not so much seiz'd with Convulsions they can Cough out freely nevertheless they are still fore'd to Cough with violence and so long till theia strength fails them Though this Cough seldom kills or proves very dangerous yet it is very difficult to be Cur'd and oftner ceases of it self as the year changes then it is conquered by Medicines The reason is that we must not only in this as in an ordinary Cough alter the Blood and derive its drossy Excrements from the Lungs to the habit of the Body to be sent forth by transpiration but we must likewise take care to correct the Nervous Juice which in this case is vitiated with a Heterogeneous and Elastick matter which causes the Convulsive motions As to the Cure of this Disease the method of Curing us'd in other Coughs seldom proves successful in this whererore only Empirical Remedies are commonly Administred Amongst many Remedies of this kind the two following are usually preferr'd before all others whatsoever and are chiefly in use viz. to give inwardly Cup-moss and various preparations and compositions of it and if there be need of and further Cure the Child is to be put into some sudden fright And if these things work not the desir'd effect Ptisans Syrups Julapes or Decoctions and other Pectorals are laid aside and commonly all other Medicines are thrown by expecting till the Disease either ends of it self in process of time or be Cur'd by the succeeding change of the year Cup-moss so commonly us'd amongst us against Coughs of Children has an Astringent vertue as we find by its tast and contains Particles of a smart nature which denote a plenty of Volatile Spirits whence we guess its use to be to fix the Blood and to moderate the Fluxions of the Serum and likewise by Volatilising the Nervous Juice to take away its Convulsive disposition It s usually given in the form of a Powder Decoction and Syrup according to the following Forms Take Cup-moss Powdred a Dram Sugar-Candy a Scruple Mix them divide it into three or four parts take a Dose Evenings and Mornings with a fit Vehicle Take of the said Moss two Drams Lae Sulphuris two Scruples Powder of Anniseeds a Scruple Divide it into six parts give them after the same manner Take of the said Moss Dram boil it in a quantity of Milk sufficient for one Dose let the straining be taken Evening and Morning For those with whom Milk does not agree or to whom it does no good let a decoction of it be prepar'd in fountain water or Hyssop water or any other Pectoral water and let it be given to two or three Ounces twice a day sweetning it with Sugar or some proper Syrup Take of this Moss an Ounce boil it in two Pounds of some Pectoral Water till half be consum'd To the straining add of Sugar-Candy a Pound and let it evaporate in a gentle Bath heat to the consistency of a Syrup The other remedy commonly in use for the Cough of Children is to put them into some sudden fright as by setting them in a Binn when a Mill goes c. which sometimes Cures the Disense on a sudden the reason of which doubtless consists in this that the Animal Spirits being put to flights and driven into new distractions quit their former disorders and likewise that the Convulsive matter is either dissipated by that perturbation or driven into other Nerves where it proves less offensive The Empirical Cure of this Disease being thus set forth together with the Remedies vulgarly us'd and their Aetiologies at least probably explicated I shall now set down a certain rational method of Curing and haply more efficacious against these sorts of Coughs of Children Therefore in such a case I usually prescribe according to the Forms following and sometimes successively enough And First since we must begin with a Purge Take Syrup of Peach Flowers a spoonful Hysterick water a Scruple Mix them let it be taken Cum Regimine Or Take Calamelanos six Grains Scammony sulphurated Rosin of Jalup of each three Grains Make a Powder give it in a little pulp of preserv'd Cherries to a Boy of six Years Old and let the Dose be encreas'd or lessen'd according to the Age Let the Purge be repeated in six or seven days If the Patient as it often happens be prone to Vomit take Oxymel of Squills six Drams Salt of Vitriol four Grains Mix them give it to a Child six Years Old and according to this proportion let a Dose be accommodated to others I have known this kind of Vomit given every Morning for four or five days successively to have done well Blistering Plaisters are much us'd and let them be apply'd sometimes to the Nape of the Neck sometimes behind the Ears sometimes to the Insides of the Arms near the Armpits and as soon as the Sores in those places begin to heal let others be rais'd elsewhere Instead of Beer let the following Decoction be his ordinary drink Take China Roots and Ounce and a half all the Saunders of each half an Ounce shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three Drams Let them infuse according to Art and boil them in six Pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd adding of Raisins ston'd an Ounce and a half Licorice three Drams Take Spirit of Gum Guaiacum with Sal Armoniack a Dram Syrup of Cup-moss three Ounces Hysterick water an Ounce The Dose is a little spoonful at Night and Early in the Morning Or Take Tincture of Sulphur two Drams The Dose is three drops at Night and early in the Morning in a spoonful of Syrup of Cup-moss To some persons of a hot Constitution and turning of a deep red or rather black colour with Coughing I have sometimes successfully ordered a Vein to be opened or that two or three Ounces of Blood should be drawn from them by Leeches Take live Millepedes cleans'd two Ounces Powder of Anniseeds a Dram Nutmegs haif a Dram double refin'd Sugar an Ounce Being bruis'd together pour to them of Hyssop water six Ounces Magistral Snail water two Ounces Stir them together a little with a Pestle and express it storngly the Dose is two or three spoonfuls twice a day Thus far of the Cough and its Cure whilst it is only an entrance to a Consumption now we must treat of this affect having pass'd the frontiers of this dangerous Disease and set down a method of Cure and forms of Medicines proper for Curing an Inveterate Cough viz. when either neglected or not easily yielding to Medicines it begins to degenerate into a Phthisick that is to say when it is come to that pass that the Blood being loosn'd in its Texture does not only pour the superfluous Serum but even the Nutritive and haply the Nervous Juice the Lympha and other its dreggy Excrements on the Lungs and deposes them within its Ductus's and withal that the depravation of the Lungs is by so much
Classes and those are Mixtures Linctus's Lohoch's Tinctures Balsams Troches Lozenges Powders Pills Decoctions and distill'd Waters We shall set before you some Examples of each of these to which also may be added some of the forms of the Medicines prescrib'd before for a beginning Cough and not yet arriv'd to a Phthisick 1. Magistral Mixtures and Syrups TAke of our Syrup of Diasulphur three Ounces Water of Earth-worms an Ounce Tincture of Saffron two Drams Mix them take a spoonful going to Bed and early in the Mornign Take Syrup of the Juice of Ivy three Ounces Snail water an Ounce Flowers of Suslphur a Dram Mix them by shaking them together the Dose is a spoonful Evenings and Mornings Take Tincture of Sulphur two Drams Laudanum Tartariz'd a Dram Syrup of the Juice of Ivy two Ounces Cinnamon water two Drams The Dose is a spoonful at Bed time and if the Person does not sleep towards Morning The Syrup of Diasulphur TAke Sulphur prepar'd after our manner half an Ounce the best Canary Wine two pounds Make a close digestion in B. M. or in Sand for twenty eight hours Which being done take double refin'd Sugar two pounds dissolve it and boil it to a consistency for Tablets in a little Water of Elder Flowers then pour to this by little and little the Wine ting'd with the Sulphur whilst warm let it boil a little on the fire scumming it and strain it through Woollen You will have a mest delicate Syrup of a Gold colour and of great efficacy against the Cough and other affects of the Lungs so there be no bayling heat of the Praecordia nor Hectick Feaver the Dose is a spoonful Evenings and Mornings by it self or with other Pectorals Syrup of Garlick TAke Cloves of Garlick Pill'd and out in slices in number ten or twelve Anniseeds bruis'd half an Ounce Elecampane Roots slic'd three Drams Licorice two Drams let them have a close and warm digestion for two or three days in a pound and a half of spirit of Wine put the clear and warm straining into a silver-dish add of double refin'd Sugar a Pound and a half the Dish being put on hot Coals let the liquor be set on fire and whilst it burns stir it sirain it through Woollen and keep it for use Syrup of Turnips TAke Turnips slic'd and double refin'd Sugar of each half a pound put them in a glaz d Pot a lay of Turnips and a lay of Sugar till it be full Let the Pot being cover'd with Paper be put into an Oven to Bake with Bread when it is taken out press forth the Liquor and keep it for use The Dose is a spoonful Mornings and Evenings Syrup of Snails TAke fresh Snails with their shells in number Forty cleanse them with a Linnen Cloath then each of them being run through with a Bodkin let the Apertures of the shells be fill d with Powder of Sugar Candy and being put in a Linnen Bag let them be hung up in a Cellar and let a Glass Vessel be set under them to receive the Syrup which will drop from them The Dose of this is a spoonful twice or thrice a day in a fit Vehicle viz. Aqua lactis or some Pectoral Decoction 2.3 Linctus's and Eclegma's TAke Conserve of red Roses three Ounces Tincture of our Sulphur two Drams Mix them by stirring them in a Glass Mortar the Dose is the quanticy of a Nutmeg at Night and early in the Morning Sometimes to allay a troublesome Cough you may add to this of Olibanum half a Dram or a Dram. Take Conserve of red Roses four Ounces Flowers of Sulphur four Scruples fine Oyl of Turpentine a Dram Species of Fox Lungs three Drans Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy what suffices Make a soft Lohoch to be taken after the same manner viz. Mornings and Evenings also to be suck'd at other times with a stick of Licorice Take Powder of Sugar Candy four Drams Tincture of Sulphur two Drams Mix them by stirring them in a Glass Mortar let it be taken after the same manner Instead of the Tincture of Sulphur you may put other Balsamick Tinctures as of Balsam of Peru of Opobalsamum of the Gum of Ivy Guaiacum Amber with many others which may be mixt either in Conserve of red Roses or with Conserve of the Flowers of Colts-foot or with Sugar Candy 4.5 Tinctures and Balsams of the same nature and composition as we have preserib'd before in a beginning Cough are proper in a Phthisick only the Dose must be a little larger Take of Tar an Ounce Water of quick Lime thrice Cohobated two pounds distil them in Balneo to half Then let the filtrated Liquor be drawn off in Balneo to the consistency of honey to which pour Tincture of Salt of Tartar half a pound Let it digest in a close Glass to extract the Tincture The Dose is from twenty drops to thirty with a proper Vehicle After the like manner a Tincture in gotten out of the black Oyl of Soot Liquid Amber Liquid Storax and many other things Take of our Sulphur prepar'd with the addition of Myrrh Aloes and Olibanum in a subtriple quantity an Ounce Let a Tincture be drawn off with Oyl of Turpentine also with Rectified Spirit of Wine The Dose of this is from fifteen drops to twenty 6.7.8 Troches Tablets and Powders because chiefly directed for the Cough are in a manner of the same Nature and Composition with those before prescrib'd for that affect when new taken only that for drying and consolidating the Lungs Sulphureous and Traumatick ingredients are requir'd in a greater proportion Take Powder of the Leaves of ground Ivy a Dram Flowers of Sulphur two Drams Sugar Penids a Dram and a half Juice of Licorice diluted with hyssop-Hyssop-water what suffices Make Troches weighing half a Dram. Take Powder of Yarrow bruis'd and dry'd in the hot Sun half a Dram Flowers of Sulphur Olibanum powdred of each a Dram Powder of red Roses dry'd half a Dram Sugar dissolv'd and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets six Drams Oyl of Anniseeds a Scruple Make Tablets weighing half a Dram. Take one thrice or oftner in a day and especially at night and early in the morning 9. Pills TAke Juice of ground Ivy Clarified in the Sun a pound Flowers of Colts-foot dry'd tops of Hyssop Sage Penny-royal of each a handful Anniseeds Carraway-seeds sweet Fennel-seeds bruis'd of each half an Ounce distill them in Balneo Mariae to half then strain it and distill the straining to the consistency of Pills adding Juice of Licorice half a Dram Powder of Elecampane Roots Flowers of Sulphur of each three Drams Flowers of Benzoin a Dram Balsam of Peru half a Dram Tincture of Sulphur three Drams Laudanum Tartariz'd two Drams Make a Mass form it into small Pills and take three or four at night and early in the Morning 10. Decoctions such as we have before prescrib'd for an obstinate Cough may be also properly taken in a
First of one troubled with a simple Cough which begins of it self and is free from the suspicion of a Phthisick Some years since I took care of the Health of a Student who from his Childhood had been subject to a Cough and was wont often to undergo severe fits of it and of long continuance he seem'd to be of a pretty strong Constitution only that his lungs being originally weak suffer'd much whenever his blood began to run into serosities in summer as long as a free perspiration lasted he was sound enough but spring and fall when the blood changing its temper either of its own accord or upon some slight occasion offer'd falls into serous fluxions he fell lightly into a Cough accompanied with abundance of thick spittle yet this affect very often vanisht by degrees within six or seven days without any great adoe with Medicines assoon as the mass of blood was purg'd by the lungs But if to the said slight occasion of this Disease other greater Causes were added as chiefly the stoppage of the Pores and errours in Diet sometimes a most violent and obstinate Cough came upon him not soon nor easily yielding to Remedies and threatning nothing less than a Phthisick Then growing ill indeed for the first days he had light shiverings in his whole Body and perceiv'd a Catarrh in his Larynx Afterwards he was troubled with a frequent Coughing accompanied with a thin spittle together with a giddiness deadness of the senses and a dropping at the Nose In this state his best Remedy and often try'd with good success was to drink Sack somewhat freely and as little of any other Liquor as might be for by this means the Acidity and flowing of his Blood being supprest and a more free perspiration rais'd he sound himself very much eas'd and sometimes in a very short space grew well Moreover going to Bed and first in the Morning he us'd to take seven or eight drops of Tincture of Sulphur in a spoonful of Syrup of Violets or of the Juice of ground Ivy Or Take Conserve of red Roses four Ounces Spirit of Turpentine two Drams Mix them the Dose is the quantity of a Chesnut Evenings and Mornings But if these Remedies together with the Canary Antidote and a thin Diet do not do the Disease not being Cur'd by such means runs then to a great length and following him sharply for some Weeks and sometimes Months brings the Diseas'd to a mighty leanness and even to the brink of the Grave For the Cough growing daily worse and very troublesome hinders sleep mightily and interrupts it his strength languishes his appetite is dejected heat and drought press hard upon him In the mean time the Spittle is daily increas'd and cast forth in a vast quantity so that afterwards not only the Serum and dreggy Excrements of the Blood but even the nutritive Juice and the wastings of the solid parts being continually pour'd on the Lungs turn into corruption which is Cough'd forth in abundance but respiration grows difficult the Limbs very weak and the Flesh consumes very much When our Patient was lately ill in this manner we prescrib'd the following Method and Remedies by the continued use of which he at length recovered In the first place a thin Diet being ordered him and Ale or Beer wholly forbidden he took of the following Apozeme about four Ounces twice a day warm and a little of it at other times cold to quench his thirst Take China Roots two Ounces Sarzaparilla three Ounces white and yellow Saunders of each an Ounce shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three Drams Infuse them according to Art and let them boil in eight pounds of fountain water to half adding Raisins of the Sun three Ounces Licorice three Drams Strain it and let it be us'd for ordinary drink Take Tincture of Sulphur three Drams Let him take from seven drops to ten going to rest and early in the Morning in a spoonful of Syrup of Violets or of Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy. When by a long use of this Medicine he began to loath it the following Eclegma was ordered in its stead Take Conserve of red Roses four Ounces Spirit of Turpentine two Ounces Mix them by bruising them together the Dose is about a Dram at the same hours Afterwards instead of this the following Powder was sometimes taken Take Powder of the Leaves of ground Ivy prepar'd in the Summer Sun three Ounces Sugar Candy half an Ounce Mix them the Dose is half a spoonful twice a day with three Ounces of the following distill'd water Take Leaves of ground Ivy six handfuls Hyssop white Hore-hound of each four handfuls the Lungs of a Lamb half boil'd and slic'd small pour to them of Posset-drink made with small Ale eight pounds distil it in common Organs Let the whole Liquor be mingled and when it is us'd sweeten it at pleasure with Sugar Candy or Syrup of Violets To appease the almost continual toyl of Coughing he swallowed now and then the following Troches or a little extract of Licorice Take Species Diatragacanthi frigidi three Drams Powder of the Seeds of Annise Caraway and sweet Fennel of each half a Dram Flowers of Sulphur two Scruples Flowers of Benzoin a Scruple extract of Licorice diluted with Hyssop water what suffices Make a Paste and form it into Troches Or Take Species Diaireos è Pulmone Vulpis of each two Drams Flowers of Sulphur Roots of Elecampane of each half a Dram Oyl of Anniseeds half a Scruple Sugar dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of Pennyroyal water and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets six Ounces Make Tablets according to art weighing half a Dram let him take one as often as he pleases swallowing it by little and little In the midst of this Course though he had a weak Pulse and was of a cold temperament he was let Blood in the Arm Besides these Remedies a great benefit accrued to him from the fresh Air which he took daily either on Horseback or in a Chariot For by this he first began to recover his Appetite Digestion and Sleep which afterwards were followed by degrees with an abatement of the other Symptoms so that at length he perfectly recover'd He has us'd a method like to this and with the like success as often as till this time he has been troubled with a tedious and stubborn Cough and now though he be wholly free from that distemper yet he is forc'd carefully to avoid all occasions by which the Pores are stop'd or by which a Fusion or Precipitation of the Blood into Serosities is rais'd such are chiefly his going by Water on the Thames and his drinking Acid Liquors as Cider French or Rhenish Wines The foregoing Relation gives you a Type and way of Curing a Cough caus'd through the fault of the Blood and not reaching the limits of a Phthisick Now follows another which Illustrates the nature of the same affect when it proceeds chiefly from the
Nervous Liquor A Boy about ten years of Age subject from his Infancy to be often troubled with a Cough has undergone of late years some great and tedious fits of that Distemper that is to say he is wont at times to fall ill of a hollow and shrill sounding Cough without Spitting which almost continually toyls him Day and Night and so tormenting him for many Days nay and Weeks it brings him to a very great weakness Afterwards the Course of the Disease being pass'd over which happens not till the store of Morbid matter be consum'd in a short time he becomes well enough again and as free as may be from any Distemper of the Thorax till the Morbifick matter as it seems being heap'd together again to a fullness without any evident cause the same affect returns and acts over its Tragedy again with its wonted severity About the time it first seizes the Cough usually troubles him only Mornings and Evenings afterwards the Distemper growing worse by degrees he often Coughs whole Days and Nights almost without ceasing and if at any time Sleep either happening of it self or being procur'd by Anodines gives some truce presently upon his waking a more violent fit of Coughing comes upon him After this manner Coughing very frequently and most vehemently without Spitting he continues ill for three Weeks or a Month till he be brought to a mighty leanness and an extream weakness and then the Distemper remits by degrees so that he Coughs somewhat more seldom and Sleeps indifferently shortly afterwards growing very hungry he soon becomes full of Flesh and vigorous and recovers in a short time his former Health These fits seldom trouble him in the Summer but in the rest of the year they return sometimes three or four times and put the Patient in great danger of his Life The cause of this Distemper is not the same as of a vulgar Cough in which a Serous humour distilling either slowly or in a plentiful manner from the Vessels of the Trachaea or of the Lungs into the Vesiculae or little Pipes of the Trachea induce the Symptoms that attend that affect for it plainly appears that in this the Ductus's of the Aspera Arteria are wholly free from any Serum or thick humour because the Cough which is always deep and sonorous throws forth nothing Nor does this Cough arise from the Blood forc'd into the Membranes of the Lungs because in this there is no Feaver Thirst nor Pain as in a Peripneumonia neither does its Morbifick matter seem to stick to the Nerves or Muscles ordain'd for breathing because then besides the Cough Asthmatick or Convulsive fits with a sense of choaking would sometimes follow which do not happen to our Patient I guess therefore that a certain Serous and sharp matter full of a Scorbutick taint falling from the Head by the conveyance of the Nerves enters the Nervous Fibres and Membranes of the Lungs or of the Trachaea and throughly cleaving to them increases by degrees to a fulness and at length growing angry and turgid through its perpetual irritation creates so troublesome a Cough When this affect once seizes it is wont to hold on its Course for a very long time in despite of all Remedies Pectoral Medicines commonly so called as Syrups Linctus's Eclegma's did little or nothing towards the Cure of this Disease though sometimes I have thought good to use them for making the Lungs slippery and to moisten them lest hap'ly they should be endangered to be torn asunder by the violence of the Cough and their Vessels to be broken for sometimes in a violent fit our Patient used to Cough forth a little Blood though no thick Spittle A gentle Purge in the beginning of this Disease has often done good as also in its declination Opening and Diuretick Medicines always work a good effect of both which he uses what suffices throughout the whole Course of his Distemper for his ordinary drink Evenings and Mornings he takes some drops of the Tincture of Sulphur with the Water of Snails lacteated I was forc'd sometimes to give late at Night a Dose of the mixture of Diacodium or of Liquid Laudanum In two of his fits he was Blooded from which he receiv'd no good In the last fit which beginning about the Autumnal Equinox pass'd over somewhat more lightly and gently the following method of Cure was observ'd First of all this Cathartick was given him and repeated after four days Take Calamelanos half a Scruple Rosin of Jalup four Grains Mix them make a Powder let it be taken in a spoonful of Syrup of Violets Take China Roots slic'd a Dram Grass Roots three Ounces Chervil Roots an Ounce Candied Eringo's six Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three Drams Raisins of the Sun ston'd three Ounces Boil it in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds strain it and let it be us'd for ordinary drink Take Syrup of Jujubes two Ounces Diacodium an Ounce Spirit of Sal Armoniack with Gum Ammoniacum a Dram Mix them the Dose is a spoonful going to Bed and early in the Morning He was much reliev'd by this Remedy though he took it only every other or every third day and sometimes in its stead a Dose of the Tincture of Sulphur with Syrup of Violets was given him The Disease declining he was purg'd twice and afterwards recovering by degrees he grew well enough within a fortnight But finding him subject not only to frequent relapses of Coughing but that each fit when it came upon him was irresistible and that its stay notwithstanding any use of Remedies was of long continuance and threatned nothing less than a Consumption I advis'd him that as well for preservation and in case the affect return'd as for Curing it he should Travel to a Region hotter than ours He took my advice and about the beginning of November went to Montpellier where passing half a year he had only two slight touches of illness Since being return'd to England he enjoys thanks be to God a perfect Health quite free from his Cough CHAP. II. Instructions and Prescripts for the Cure of Spitting Blood THe Indications for Curing a Spitting Blood are chiefly these two viz. First presently to moderate and stay the Flux of Blood And then in the Second place to heal the dissolution of Unity without leaving a Consumptive Putrefaction in the Lungs In reference to the First These two things are chiefly to be procur'd First That the Blood do not flow to the part affected Secondly That withal the Aperture of the Vessel be some way clos'd 1. To keep the Blood from flowing to the part affected many intentions of Curing must be set upon together viz. We must lessen the quantity of Blood moderate its fervent boiling alter its ill temper retard its motion or divert it another way For which ends Blooding Ligatures and Frictions most commonly do well Moreover Julapes Decoctions Emulsions and Juicy expressions of Herbs ought to be given
Spirit of Vitriol of Mars half a Scruple take it after the same manner Take Barley water with madder Roots boil'd in it a pound and a half Put into it when grown pretty cold of red Rose Leaves a handful Add Spirit of Vitriol a Scruple let there be a close and warm infusion for three hours Make a Tincture to the straining add Syrup of the Juice of St. Johns wort an Ounce and a half Take three or four Ounces thrice or four times in a day Take of the Decoction of the Roots of fresh Nettles a pound and a half Seeds of white Poppies and of Henbane of each two Drams Melon seeds pill'd six Drams Make an Emulsion according to Art sweetned with Sugar Penids The Dose is three Ounces three or four times a day 3. Juices of Herbs and Juicy Expressions TAke Juice of Plantain Leaves half a pound Let two or three Drams be taken thrice a day with three Ounces of the distill'd Water above written and sweeten it at pleasure Take Leaves of fresh Nettles Plantain the lesser Daisy of each three handfuls being bruis'd together pour to them of Purslain water six Drams Wring it forth hard take it as the former 4. Powders and Pills TAke Powder of Blood-stone of Dragons Blood ground on a Marble with Rose-water and of Pearl of each a Dram Bole Armeniack Terra Lemnia of each half a Dram Troches of Winter Cherries two Drams Make a Powder divide it into twelve parts let one part be taken thrice a day with the distill'd water above written Take of the Seeds of Henbane and white Poppies of each ten Drams Terra Sigillata red Coral of each five Drams Sugar of Roses three Ounces Make a Powder the Dose is a Dram Morning and Evening This Composition brought into a soft Consistency with some proper Syrup is call'd Helidaeus's Electuary so Famous heretofore in Germany The foresaid Powders may also be made into convenient Pills and Tablets by adding the Solution of Tragacanth or some fit Syrup The spungy Excrescency usually growing to the fruit of the Dog-Rose Tree made into Powders and given twice a day to the quantity of half a Dram is a very good remedy in spitting Blood Take Yarrow bruis'd and dry'd in the Summer Sun what you think good Make it into a fine Powder and keep it in a Glass for Vse The Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram twice a day in a fit Vehicle The Powder of Julius Caesar Scaliger or rather of Serapion is mightily commended The Dose is four Drams twice or thrice a day 5. Lohoch's and Electuaries TAke Conserve of red Roses and of the Dog-Rose of each two Ounces Powder of the Seeds of the white Poppy and of Henbane of each two Drams Species Diatragacanthi frigidi a Dram and a half Blood-stone Sanguis Draconis prepar'd of each half a Dram Syrup of red Poppies what suffices Make an Electuary let the quantity of a Chesnut be taken Evenings and Mornings and at other times suck it with a stick of Licorice Take Conserve of the Flowers of great Comphrey and of Water-Lillies of each an Ounce and a half Troches of Winter Cherries and Diatragacanthum frigidum of each a Dram and a half Syrup of Jujubes what suffices Make a soft Lohoch of which take often with a stick of Licorice Take of the White of an Egg well beaten two Drams Lucatellus's Balsam half an Ounce Troches of Winter Cherries two Drams Syrup of red Poppies what suffices Make a soft Lohoch take the quantity of a Chesnut Morning and Evening The Second Indication being for preservation suggests to us those Remedies which keeping the Blood in a just temper and the Lungs in a due Conformation provide against a relapse of Spitting Blood and an ensuing Consumption such as regard the Blood are either gentle Evacuatives by Seige Urine and Sweat or meer Alteratives Every one of these are wont to be prescrib'd either in the Form of a Drink Powder Electuary or Pills We shall set down some Select Forms of some of the chief of them 1. As to Evacuatives a gentle Purge may sometiems be ordered after this manner Take of the best Sena three Drams Cassia bruis'd with the Fistula an Ounce Tamarinds three Drams Coriander-seeds a Dram and a half Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to fix Ounces to the straining add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb an Ounce Clarify it with the White of an Egg. Or Take Gereons Decoction of Senna four Ounces Purging Syrup of Apples an Ounce Mix them and make a Potion For preserving the Blood in a good temper and that its dreggy Excrements deriv'd from the Lungs may be continually discharg'd by Sweat and Urine the following Alteratives or some of them must be constantly taken which being also of a healing Nature relieve Lungs that are infirm or dissolv'd in their Unity For ordinary Drink let it be pure Water especially in a hot Constitution or water a little ting'd with Claret Wine Those with whom this Drink does not agree may use with as good success a Bochet of China and Sarsa with the shavings of Ivory Hartshorn and white Saunders in it or sinall Beer or Ale with the Leaves of Harts Tongue Oak of Hierusalem and the like infus'd in it Let Pectoral Decoctions or Hydromels with temperate Traumatick Herbs be taken twice or thrice a day to six or seven Ounces Take Roots of fresh Nettles and Chervil of each an Ounce Leaves of Harts Tongue Speedwel Mous-ear Ground Ivy St. John's-wort of each a handful Boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds adding Raisms stone'd an Ounce and a half Licorice two Drams to the straining add Syrupus Byzantinus two Ounces Clarifie it with the White of an Egg Make an Apozem to be taken to four or six Ounces twice or thrice a day for a Month. In a cold or Phlegmatick Constitution the Licorice and Raisins being omitted with the Syrup add towards the end two Ounces of the best Clarified Honey strain it and keep it for use The Dose is the same as the former Let these things sometimes be taken betwixt whiles with a distill'd water appropriated to the same end which also may be more frequently taken by some Persons to whom Apozems are nauseous and loathsome Take Cypress Tops Leaves of ground Ivy of each six handfuls Snails half boil'd a pound and a half All the Saunders bruis'd of each an Ounce Being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of new Milk eight pounds distil it with common Organs The Dose is three or four Ounces with a spoonful of Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy twice a day 2. In respect of the Lungs viz. that the Union of its parts and the due Conformation of the whole may be preserv'd without any obstruction or opening of its Vessels temperate Balsamicks are of chiefest use For this end Lucatellus Balsam is perscrib'd even by the vulgar to be taken constantly and for a
of the following Electuary drinking after it seven spoonfuls of the Julape Take Conserve of red Roses three Ounces Conserve of Hipps and Comphrey of each an Ounce and a half Dragons Blood a Dram Species of Hyacinth two Scruples red Coral a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of red Poppies Mix them and make a soft Electuary take at Night and early in the Morning a Dram and a half drinking after it a draught of the following Julape at other times let him take it with a stick of Licorice Take of the Waters of Plantain and of the Spawn of Forgs of each six Drams Syrup of Coral and of dry'd Roses of each an Ounce Dragons Blood two Scruples Mix them made a Julape CHAP. III. Instructions and Prescripts for Curing a Peripneumonia THe Peripneumonia is an Inflammation of the Lungs with an Acute Feaver a Cough and a difficulty of Breathing it is caus'd by a rushing of the Blood into the Ductus's of the Lungs and its being there inflam'd and obstructed The Primary Indication in order to the Cure of a Peripneumonia is that the Blood forc'd into the Vessels of the Lungs and causing there an Obstruction with an Inflammation be thence discust and restor'd to its former Circulation which if it may not be done the Second Indication will be that that matter be duly Concocted or Suppurated and with all expedition voided by Spittle 1. Whilst the former Indication holds good the Intentions of Curing will be these following In the First place That the excessive current of the Blood to the part affected be cut off or some way hindred Secondly We must endeavour that the matter stagnating in the Lungs or extravasated be suck'd up again by the Veins into the rest of the Mass and restor'd to its Circulation Which the better to effect Thirdly The Blood must be freed of its clamminess or viscous nature whereby its fluidity is hindred And Fourthly We must obviate by fit Remedies those Symptoms that are very pressing viz. the Feaver Cough Watchings and difficulty of Breathing But if notwithstanding all this the other Indication must be pursued we must add to the Remedies before mentioned such as they commonly call Maturating and Expectorating Medicines 1. To satisfy the First and Second Intentions together Blooding is requisite almost in every Peripneumonia nay sometimes it ought to be often repeated For the Vessels being emptied of Blood they do not only withdraw the matter which maintains the Disease but likewise drink up again what was forc'd into the part affected Wherefore if the strength holds and the Pulse be of a sufficient vigour its good to bleed freely at the very beginning but otherwise you must do it in a moderate quantity and repeat it now and then as occasion requires In this Distemper the Vein should always be open'd with a large Orifice and the Blood should not only Issue forth in a full stream but its running should be continued for otherwise if in the midst of bleeding whilst the vitiated Blood flows forth the Orifice be stop'd with the Finger as some are wont to do to prevent fainting when it s open'd again a pretty good Blood will Issue forth next the vitiated Blood if any such be remaining being fallen back and not presently returning to the Orifice Besides Bleeding many other Remedies are here to be us'd viz. such as repress the turgid motion of the Blood and empty its Ductus's whereby the Morbifick matter may be drank up again Wherefore a very thin Diet is prescrib'd consisting almost meerly of Barley and Oat-meats And though Catharticks are wholly forbidden because they strongly exagitate the Blood and force it more violently into the part affected Nevertheless Glysters ought to be daily Administred which gently ease the Belly and draw the dreggy Excrements of the Blood downwards Moreover qualifying Julapes and Apozemes which allay the fervour of the Blood and pleasantly lead off its superfluous Serosities and likewise gently open the passages of the Brest are taken with good effect The Third Intention of Curing which has regard to the takeing away of the obstructing clamminess or viscous nature of the Blood it perform'd wholly by those Remedies which loosen its over-close Texture and dissolve the Combinations of its Salts And truly those Remedies which Reason and Analogy might dictate in this respect are us'd even at this time after a long expeperience For Powders of Shells the Tusk of a Boar the Jaw-bone or a Pike and other things endow'd with an Alkalisate Salt also Sal Prunella are prescrib'd by all Practitioners both Ancient and modern I have known Spirit of Sal Armoniack and of Hartshorn to have done great good in this Disease And for the same Reason it is viz. Because of the good effect of the Volatile Salt that an Infusion of Horse-dung though a vulgar Remedy has often given great relief Fourthly As to the Symptoms and their Cures a great many Remedies appropriated to these are Coincident with the former For the same Julapes and Apozemes which appease the fervour of the Blood and also restore the Animal Spirits are in most common use against the Feaver To which also in respect of the Cough and the diffculty of Breathing temperate Pectorals are joyn'd The greatest difficulty is what must be given against want of sleep it at any time the Person be very much molested by it For Opiats adding to the prejudice of Respiration which is under some stress from the beginning of this Disease may scarce be taken with safety nay sometimes they become pernicious Wherefore Laudanum's and the stronger preparatious of Opium must be utterly avoided in a Peripneumonia though in the mean time Anodines and the more gentle Hypnoticks as especially the Water and Syrup of red Poppies are not only allow'd but accounted Specificks in this Disease and in the Pleurisy Moreover we may sometimes use Diacodiats so the strength holds and the Pulse be strong and in a good temper For the pain of the Brest if at any time it proves troublesome its proper to use sometimes Oyntments Fomentations and Cataplasms The Secondary Therapeutick Indication whereof the Intentions are to Concoct and to discharge by Spittle the matter sticking in the Lungs since it cannot be discust or drank up again requires Medicines commonly call'd Maturatives and Expectoratives but they must both be temperate to wit such as rather appease than exasperate the Thirst and Feaverish heat We have given you before in the Chapter of the Cough the kinds of these Medicines which are properly call'd Pectorals We shall now set down the choicest Prescripts and most proper for this affect Prescripts of Medicines 1.2 Medicines Conducing to the First and Second Intention are prescrib'd according to the Forms following TAke Water of Ladies Thistle ten Ounces of red Poppies three Ounces Syrup of the same an Ounce Pearl prepar'd a Dram Make a Julape the Dose is six spoonfuls every fourth hour Take the Waters of Black-Cherries Carduus Benedictus
and Baum of each four Ounces Powder of a Boars Tusk a Dram Syrup of Violets ten Drams Make a Julape and take it after the same manner Take Grass Roots three Ounces shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three Drams Raisins ston'd an Ounce and a half Licorice two Drams boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds to the straining add Syrup of Violets an Ounce Sal Prunella a Dram Make an Apozeme take to three or four Ounces thrice a day For the same Intention viz. that the emptied Vessels may withdraw the matter maintaining the Disease or may drink up again the Morbifick matter it self a Purge also is prescrib'd by some In the Practise of the Ancients it was a thing in constant use after bleeding to Order Preparatives and Purgers against this Disease as well as against most others And Chymists of late with a greater confidence give Vomits and cry them up before all other Remedies in a Peripneumonia Nay further neglecting bleeding or forbidding it they lay the chief stress of their Cure in Antimonial Emeticks though I know not whether any thing can be imagin'd more pernicious than that their rash proceeding In rustick and robust Bodies sometimes this Medicine is given without harm but in tender Constitutions it may be reckon'd little Inferiour to poyson And as to purging though it be not proper in the very beginning but in a manner always does harm yet the Morbifick matter ceasing to flow to the part and the effervescence of the Blood being appeas'd you may empty the Body gently with a Purging Medicine Take Gereons Decoction of Sena four Ounces Syrup of Roses Solulutive and Ounce Mix them make a Potion Take the best Sena three Drams whole Cassia Tamarinds of each half an Ounce Coriander-seeds two Drams Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to six Ounces to the straining add Syrup of Violets an Ounce Clarifie it with the White of an Egg and give it Let not Purges be given always nor ever in this Disease without consideration but Glysters must be given frequently nay for the most part every day but let them be only Lenitive and Emollient so that they gently loosen the Belly without much stirring the Blood and Humours For this end Milk or Whey with brown Sugar or Syrup of Violets often do well Or Take the Leaves of both Mallows Melilot and Mercury of each a handful Linseed and sweet Fennel-seeds of each half an Ounce sweet Prunes in number six Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to a pound to which add Syrup of Violets an Ounce Sugar ten Drams Sal Prunella a Dram Make a Glyster 3. Medicines for the Third Intention viz. For dissolving the clamminess of the Blood are usually given in the Form of a Powder Spirit Draught or Bolus according to the Forms following 1. Powders TAke Crabs Eyes powdred two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Sugar of Pearl a Dram Make a Powder divide it into six parts take one every sixth hour with some proper Julape or Apozeme Take Powder of a Boars Tusk or of the Jaw-bone of a Pike Crabs Eyes of each a Dram and a half Flowers of Sal Armoniack Powder of red Poppy Flowers of each half a Dram Mix them for four Doses 2. Chymical Spirits and Liquors TAke Spirit of Sal Armoniack distill'd with Olibanum three Drams The Dose is from twelve to fifteen or twenty Drops thrice a Day Take Spirit of Vrine or of Soot three Drams give it after the same manner Take Spirit of sweet Nitre viz. often Cohobated with Spirit of Wine three Drams The Dose is from six drops to ten after the same manner Take Spirit of Tartar half an Ounce The Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty or twenty five with a fit Vehicle Take of the simple Mixture an Ounce The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram after the same manner 3. Draughts TAke Carduus water a pound fresh Horse-dung three Ounces dissolve it warm and filter it The Dose is three or four Ounces twice or thrice a day adding Syrup of Violets or of red Poppies half an Ounce Take Leaves of Dandelion two handfuls being bruis'd pour to them Water of Ladies Thistle half a pound Treacle water half an Ounce Wring it forth hard to which add Powder of Crabs Eyes a Dram take four or six spoonfuls thrice a day The Fourth Intention of Curing having regard to the most urgent Symptoms suggests to us various preparations of Medicines 1. In respect of the Feaver the Julapes and Apozems before set down are proper Moreover you must frequently use Sal Prunella 2. For the Cough and difficulty of Breathing Linctus's Lohochs and Decoctions or Pectoral Julapes are given with success Take Syrup of Jujubes of Maiden-hair of each an Ounce and a half Syrup of Violets an Ounce Flowers of Nitre a Scruple Make a Linctus to be taken now and then with a stick of Licorice Take Syrup of Dialthea an Ounce Diacodium Syrup of red Poppies of each half an Ounce Crabs Eyes finely powdred two Scruples Make a Linctus to be taken as the other Take Syrup of Hyssop of Licorice of each an Ounce and a half Powder of red Poppy Flowers a Scruple Crabs Eyes a Dram Lohoch de Pino six Drams Mix them make a Lohoch of which take the quantity of a Nutmeg four times or oftner in a day Take Roots of Grass Chervil Marsh-mallows of each an Ounce Figgs in number four Jujubes Sebestens of each in number six Raisins of the Sun an Ounce Licorice three Drams Barley half an Ounce boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds Strain it the Dose is three or four Ounces Take Raisins ston'd an Ounce and a half Filberts slic'd in number four Licorice slic'd three Drams Hyssop-water a pound and a half Make a close and warm Infusion according to art for six hours to the straining add Syrup of Althea an Ounce and a half Make a Julape the Dose is three or four spoonfuls often in a day swallowing it down by little and little 3. Against want of Sleep Take of red Poppy water three Ounces Syrup of the same six Drams Plague water two Drams Make a draught to be taken going to Bed It the Pulse be strong and the strength holds Take Cowslip water three Ounces Syrup of Meconium half an Ounce Mix it and drink it going to Bed 4. If the pain be pressing about the part affected Take of the Oyntment of Marsh-mallows two Ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds an Ounce and a half Mix them for a Liniment to be apply'd with thin Lawn Paper Take Oyntment of Marsh-mallows and the Pectoral Oyntment of each an Ounce and a half Oyl of Linseed fresh drawn a Dram to which add of the Emplaister of Mucilages what suffices Make a Plaister for the Region of the Brest to be apply'd on the part affected Fifthly For the last Intention of Curing
or Alkalisate Salt destroy the Combinations entred into by the Acid sixt and otherwise Morbifick Salts with other more gross Particles In which respect the Eyes and Claws of Crabs the Tusk of a Boar the Stone of Carps the Jaw-bone of a Pike the Bone in the Heart of a Stag the Pisle of a Deer Sal Prunella Salt of Coral the Volatile Salt of Urine or of Hartshorn Powder of Goats Blood Infusion of Horsedung Spirit of Hartshorn of Sal Armoniack Spirit of Tartar Mixtura Simplex Bezoartick Mineral Antimony Diaphoretick Flowers of Sal Armoniack are very famous Remedies in the Pleurisie The Third and Vital Indication which takes care that the strength and Vital heat be preserv'd in their due Tone and State during the Course of the Disease prescribes principally a fit Diet and likewise Cordial Remedies and Anodines and things which seasonably afford Relief to other Symptoms if haply they present First in a true Pleurisie you must order a most thin Diet viz. consisting of meer Oat and Barley-meats and for ordinary drink Ptisan or Posset-drink is more proper than Beer alone though in a mignty thirst this also may be allow'd in a moderate quantity Moreover to quench thirst Julapes Apozemes and Emulsions may be taken at set times to all which let Sal Prunella be added Secondly let only temperate Cordials be given which may gently refresh the Animal Spirits and not add to the Accension of the Blood which burns before too fiercely For these intents the Waters of Ladies Thistle Carduus Benedictus Bawm Borage Cowslips and Black-Cherries are usually given with good success to which the Powders of Pearl and Coral may be added Thirdly Anodines must be used both inwardly to procure sleep if at any time it be very much wanted as also outwardly to ease the pain of the side The most usual things of the former kind are the distill'd water Syrup and Powder of the red Poppy which are accounted Specificks in the Pleurisie as well as in the Peripneumonia Moreover when a very acute pain and watchings press very much we may give also Diacodiats Against Pains Oyntments Fomentations Cataplasms and sometimes the warm Inwards of Animals newly kill'd are proper to be applyed I shall now give you Select Forms of Medicines adapted to each of these Indications First Therefore about the beginning of the Disease to take away the Inflammation Julapes Apozemes Powders Glysters and gentle Purges are wont to be prescrib'd Take Water of Ladies Thistle eight Ounces Water of red Poppies four Ounces Syrup of the same an Ounce Sal Prunella a Dram Make a Julape the Dose is two or three Ounces every third hour Take Grass Roots four Ounces Barley half an Ounce parings of Apples a handful Raisins of the Sun an Ounce Licorice two Ounces boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds To the cleer straining add Syrup of Violets an Ounce and a half Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Make an Apozeme the Dose is two or three Ounces often in a day Take Sal Prunella two Drams Flowers of Nitre a Dram Powder of the Flowers of red Poppies two Scruples Sugar Candy four Scruples Make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram three or four times a day Take of the Decoction of Mallows Roots and all together with sweet Prunes a pound Syrup of Violets three Ounces Sal Prunella a Dram Make a Glyster Take of whole Cassia bruis'd two Ounces Tamarinds an Ounce white Rose Flowers a handful Coriander-seeds two Drams boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water to a pound To the straining add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb two Drams Clarify it with the White of an Egg the Dose is five or six Ounces in the Morning for two or three days one after the other Secondly To dissolve the clamminess or coagulating Viscousness of the Blood the following things are of use viz. in the Form of a Drink Powder and Spirit Take fresh Horsedung four Ounces Carduus water a pound and a half make a close and warm Infusion for two hours then filter the Liquor to which add Syrup of the Juice of Dandelion or of Cichory two Ounces Spirit of Sal Armoniack a Dram give five or six spoonfuls three or four times a day For this end Water of Horsedung does admirably well Take Horsedung four pounds Leaves of Carduus Benedictus Ladies Thistle Scabious Pimpernel of each three handfuls being slic'd and mixt together pour to them of fresh Milk six pounds distil them with common Organs The Dose is two or three Ounces either alone or with other distill'd Waters in the Form of a Julape For the same use the Tinctures or Solutions of other Dungs are given by some Physicians and are highly magnifyed by them Helmont deservedly commends in the Pleurisie the Dung of an Ox Panarolus Pidgeons Dung others the White of Hens Dung Epiphanius Ferdinandus usually gave with good success in the Pleurisy the Decoction of Tobacco macerated in new Wine Valeriola used the Decoction of the Flowers of red Poppies as a try'd and familiar Remedy Sylvius prescribes the following mixture to be taken one spoonful after another by little Intervals of time Take the waters of Stone-Parsly and Hyssop of each two Ounces Fennel-water an Ounce simple Treacle water half an Ounce Laudanum Opiatum four Grains Sal Armoniack half a Dram Syrup of red Poppies an Ounce Mix them To this composition Frederick Deckers adds Powder of Crabs Eyes and Bezoartick Mineral of each a Scruple Medicines very efficacious for this use are wont to be given in the Form of a Powder for Example Take Powder of Crabs Eyes two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half red Poppy Flowers half a Dram Mix them make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram three or four times in a day with a fit Vehicle Instead of Crabs Eyes you may use the Powder of the Jaw-bone of a Pike or of a Boars Tusk or of a Stags or Bulls Pisle and if these do not succeed you may try what follows Take Antimony Diaphoretick or its Ceruse or Bezoartick Mineral two Drams Volatile Salt of Hartshorn half a Dram Powder of red Poppy Flowers two Scruples Make a Powder the Dose is a Scruple or half a Dram thrice or oftner in a day It is for the same Intention of Curing that Riverius gives Powder of Chimney Soot from half a Dram to a Dram and that others give the Powder of Pigeons or Hens Dung Nay farther according to this Analogy by which the Dungs of Animals stor'd with a Volatile Salt give relief in this Disease its probable that the Dung of a Dog may prove no less successful in Curing the Pleurisie than in the Squinancy and so much the more likely because these Diseases often interchange their Types and the one assumes the likeness of the other Chymical Liquors endow'd with a Volatile Salt sometimes also work great effects in the Pleurifie Take Spirit of Blood two Drams Red
Poppy water three Ounces Syrup of the same an Ounce Mix them give a spoonful of it every other while Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack distill'd with Olibanum three Drams the Dose is from twelve drops to fifteen or twenty three or four times a day in a fit Vehicle After the same manner you may give Spirit of Vrine of Soot or of Hartshorn Take Spirit of Tartar three Drams The Dose is a Scruple in a fit Vehicle Take Mixtura Simplex three Drams The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram. 3. As to the Third Indication besides a thin Diet Cordial Remedies and Anodines are prescrib'd Forms of the former kind may be supply'd by the Julapes and Apozemes prescrib'd for the first Indication and by the Spirits and Powders for the Second Inward Anodines to be given in Watchings and in a very Intense pain are prescrib'd according to the Forms following Take red Poppy water two Ounces Syrup of the same six Drams Spirit of Hartshorn twelve drops Make a draught to be taken going to Bed If we must go higher Take Carduus water two Ounces Diacodium from three Drams to half an Ounce or six Drams Spirit of Sal Armoniack with Frankincense half a Scruple Make a draught Sometimes though rarely its necessary to rise to Laudanum's which being seasonably given have a mighty good effect inasmuch as they procure Sleep and move Sweat and Vrine Take water of Cowslip Flowers two Ounces Laudanum Tartariz'd from sixteen drops to twenty Spirit of Blood half a Scruple Syrup of Violets two Drams Mingle them make a draught Outward Anodines are usually prescrib'd in the Form of an Oyntment Fomentation and Cataplasm Take Oyntment of Marsh-Mallows two Ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds an Ounce Album Graecum two Drams Mix them by braying them together Take of the Emplaister of Mucilages two Ounces and a half Malax it with Oyl of Linseed and let it be apply'd upon Lawn Paper Take the tops of Both Malbows Leaves of Mercury and Beets of each three handfuls Boil them in a sufficient quantity of fountain water let the straining be us'd for a Fomentation Take the remaining faeces of the Herbs after the Liquor is wrung forth and being bruis'd add to it of Oat-meal six Drams Linseed Fenugreek-seeds of each two Ounces Oyntment of Marsh-Mallows two Ounces Make a Cataplasm I need not go far for Stories and Instances of persons troubled with the Pleurisie for I have a notable Example of this Disease now under Cure viz. a very fine young Woman subject most frequently and as it were habitually to that affect is committed to our care This Virgin who is very fair of a Sanguine Complexion but of a weakly Constitution has been wont for many years past upon every slight occasion viz. upon taking Cold or by errours in any of the six nonnatural things nay sometimes upon the meer change of the Season or of the Air to fall into a Feaver presently accompanied with pains of the Pleura a Cough and a difficulty of Breathing and for the most part horrible Convulsions following them She has been taken so very ill formerly of this Distemper that she has been often forc'd to keep her Chamber six Months or more every year but of late though she be not freed from this affliction yet she is seldomer tormented with it The last year she was pretty well all the Summer and well near all the Autumn about the beginning of Winter she fell sick of that Disease and now towards the end of it is fallen ill again The Pleuritick pain constantly possesses the right side where the Blood sticking and being extravasated in its passage about the Intercostal Muscles the Irritated Fibres commence a most tormenting pain together with a Convulsive motion of Coughing which they reiterate almost perpetually In the mean time the Lungs being found enough and open in their passages readily convey the Blood as clammy as it is without any lett or stay which often is the cause of a Peripneumonia No Remedies are wont to do good to this person without Bleeding which is always so particularly necessary that every time she is ill we are forc'd even whether we will or no to repeat it two or three times nay sometimes oftner The Blood emitted has constantly a Viscous and whitish Film on its surface This Disease was always a simple Pleurisie without any Peripneumonia and for its Cure she constantly us'd the following method with success Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack with Gum Ammoniacum three Drams give from fifteen drops to twenty thrice a day with the following Julape Take Carduus water Black-Cherry water of each six Ounces Hysterick water a Dram Sugar six Drams Betwixt whiles she took a Dose of Powder with three Ounces of an Apozeme Take the Powders of Crabs Eyes of a Bores Tusk of Sal Prunella of each a Dram Make a Powder divide it into six parts Take Grass Roots three Ounces Candied Eringo's an Ounce shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams parings of Apples a handful Raisins of the Sun an Ounce Boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds add to the straining Syrup of Violets an Ounce Sal Prunella a Dram Mix them make an Apozeme Glisters of Milk with Syrup of Violets were administred sometimes every day and sometimes every other day if at any time Opïats though never so gentle were given her to allay pain commonly afterwards an aking and heaviness of the Head and Convulsive Affects most sorely tormented her CHAP. V. Instructions and Prescripts for the Cure of an Empyema BY the word Empyema according to its usual acceptation is denoted a Collection of Pus or corrupted matter within the Cavity of the Thorax by which the Organs of Respiration are opprest That Pus commonly flowing thither either from a Pleurisie or a Peripneumonia and sometimes haply from a Squinancy suppurated and broken As to the Cure of an Empyema we must in the First place consider whether the signs of this Disease as to the reality of its present Being be certain or doubtful if certain there will not be much need of Physick but only the Body being prepar'd you may presently proceed to open the side Therefore if after a Pleurisie or Peripneumonia not rightly Cur'd or after an inward effusion of Blood occasion'd by a stroak fall or wound there be perceiv'd a floating of Pus or of corrupted or bloody matter within the Cavity of the Thorax and this with little or no Spitting we need no longer think of Maturating or Expectorating Medicines but the Belly being loosen'd and the Blood and humours duly qualified by Julapes Apozemes and Anodines either order a bare Incision or in tender and timorous persons First let a Cautery be apply'd betwixt the sixth and seventh Vertebrae and after the Eschar being rais'd let the Incision Knife be entred obliquely towards the hinder and upper parts and that leisurely and by little and little till it penetrate
ends the following Method and Forms of Medicines may be us'd Take Aloe Rosata a Dram and a half Flowers of Sulphur a Dram Salt of Amber half a Dram Tar what suffices Make Pills in number twenty four take four in the Evening every Night or every other or third Night Or Take Gum Ammoniacum and Bdellium dissolv'd in Vinegar of Squills of each half an Ounce Flowers of Sulphur three Drams Powder of the Leaves of Hedg-mustard and of Savory of each half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Diasidphur or of Oxymel of Squills Make a Mass form it into little Pills and take three every Evening Or Take Millepedes prepar'd two Drams Flowers of Benzoin half a Dram Salt of Amber two Scruples Extract of Elecampane half a Dram Castoreum half a Dram Saffron a Scruple Venice Turpentine what suffices Make a Mass and form it into small Pills take four every Evening and Morning unless when you Purge If Pills are not grateful or the foresaid Medicines will not do then let the following be try'd to free the Lungs from obstruction Take Spirit of Gum Ammoniacum distill'd with Sal Armoniack three Drams Syrup of the Juice of Ivy three Ounces Magisterial water of Snails and of Earth-worms of each an Ounce Tincture of Saffron two Drams Mix them take a spoonful going to Bed and early in the Morning Or Take Tincture of Gum Ammoniacum three Drams The Dose is from fifteen Drops to twenty in a spoonful of Oxymel or Syrup of ground Ivy. Or Take Tincture of Sulphur three Drams The Dose is from seven Drops to twelve or twenty at the same hours with a fit Vehicle After the like manner also other Spirits endow'd with a Volatile Salt and mixt with Pectoral Syrups and Cephalick waters may be usefully prescrib'd Morning and Evening Instead of a Mixture or Asthmatical Julape of distill'd waters of the shops the following Magisterial may be prepar'd to be us'd frequently and upon several occasions Take Roots of Elecampane Florentine Orris Angelica Masterwort of each four Ounces of Briony a pound Leaves of white Horehound Hyssop Savory Penny-royal ground Ivy of each four handfuls fresh Juniper and Ivy Berries of each a pound Lawrel Berries half a pound Seeds of sweet Fennel Caraway Annise Lovage Dill of each an Ounce Cubebs two Ounces long Pepper Cloves Mace of each an Ounce all of them being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Brunswick Beer eight pounds distill them with common Organs Let the whole Liquor be mixt and when it s used let it be sweeten'd at pleasure with Sugar or the Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy or with Oxymel Moreover instead of Oxymel or of any common Pectoral Syrup let the following Forms of Medicines be prescrib'd which are more appropriated to an Asthma And in the First place the Syrup of Elecampane invented by Horatius Augenius and afterwards recommended by Platerus Sennertus Riverius and other famous Practitioners shall be set down here and ought to be frequently made use of Take Roots of Elecampane and of Polypody of the Oak prepar'd of each two Ounces Currans two Ounces Sebestens in number fifteen Coltsfoot Lungwort Calaminth Savory of each a handful one large Tobacco Leaf Licorice two Drams Seeds of Nettles and of Cotton-plant of each a Dram and a half boil them in Wine and Honey diluted to a pound and a half and with the like quantity of Sugar make a Syrup Let it be taken either by it self in the Form of a Linctus or a spoonful at a time Mornings and Evenings or put a spoonful of it to a Dose of the distill'd water or Apozeme Take Roots of Florentine Orris and of Elecampane of each half an Ounce Garlick pill'd four Drams Cloves two Drams white Benzoin a Dram and a half Saffron a Scruple being slic'd and bruis'd let them digest warm in a pound of rectified spirit of Wine for twenty eight hours To the straining add of the finest Sugar a pound put it in a silver Bason on hot Coles then the liquor being fired keep stirring it as long as it will burn and then the flame going out it will become a Syrup let it be given after the same manner as the former Moreover in this place we may aptly insert the Decoctions of an old Cock so much commended by famous Physicians both ancient and modern for the Cure of the Asthma These Broaths are of two kinds viz. with or without Purgers and we find various and differing sorts of both amongst Practical Authors though I shall only give you a form or two Without Purgers this is a common Form Take Roots of Elecampane and of Florentine Orris of each half an Ounce Leaves of Hyssop and of Horehound dry'd of each six Drams Carthamus-seeds an Ounce Anniseeds and Dillseeds of each two Drams Licorice slic'd and Raisins cleans'd of each three Drams let them be prepar'd and sewed up in the Belly of an old Cock which must be boil'd in fifteen pounds of fountain water till the flesh falls from the Bones strain it and let it settle The Dose of the clear Liquor is six Ounces with an Ounce of Oxymel simple or if you would have it purge in each draught dissolve fresh Cassia and Manna of each half an Ounce Let it be taken for many days together sometimes for a whole Month. Riverius prescribes a good Form of this sort of Purging Broath Take Roots of Elecampane and of Florentine Orris of each a Dram and a half Leaves of Hyssop and Coltsfoot of each a handful Licorice slic'd Raisins clean'd of each two Drams Figs in number four Senna cleans'd three Drams Roots of Polypody of the Oak Carthamus-seeds of each half an Ounce Anniseeds a Dram and a half Boil them with a third or fourth part of an old Cock according to art and make a Broath for one Dose to be taken in a Morning let it be continued for twelve or fifteen days I shall now give you a Relation of a Person who was subject to fits of this Disease which were meerly Convulsive and of another who was subject to fits of the same which were partly Convulsive and partly Pneumonick A Noble Man of a tall Stature and full and strong grown having bruis'd is left Side by a fall found himself injur'd upon it and afterwards fell into an Asthmatick Distemper so that now and then though at no set times First a pain would seize him about that place and presently after a great straitness of Breath followed with a vehement and long continued straining of all the parts of Respiration so that during the Fit the Patient seem'd to be in the very Agony of Death I was first call'd to him after he had lain ill of such an Asthmatick Fit for two days and was look'd upon as almost past Cure Nevertheless finding his Lungs to be without hurt our Prognostick bid us still hope well and presently other Physicians being joyn'd with me in Consultation it was
quick motion of his Body or his going up a steep Ascent tormented him above measure he could not rest long on either side but was forc'd to lye always on his Back and with his Head raised And if he try'd to lye on either side presently a pain followed the Position of his Body and if haply he rolled himself from one side to the other the pain also being presently remov'd he felt as it were waters floating from one place to another So if he let his Body hang downwards over the Bedside he presently felt waters falling towards his Clavicular Bones Moreover if at any time his Body was heated more than ordinary by motion the heat of a Bed or of a Fire presently he felt in his Brest a boiling as it were of waters on the Fire and at the same time complained of a Giddiness and of a little fainting of his Spirits Being well satisfied by a due consideration of these things that he had a Dropsie of the Brest I prescrib'd the Method and Medicines following with success Take Calamelanos fifteen Grains Rosin of Jalap half a Scruple Syrup of Roses solutive what suffices make three Pills He took them early in the Morning and had twelve Stools which gave him great ease Then again on the third day he had only four Stools by the same Medicine though with greater relief to him than before He took afterwards for many days of a Diuretick and Pectoral Apozeme six Ounces And Lastly the same Purge being repeated he grew perfectly ivell SECT 2. Of Medicines regarding the Region of the Belly CHAP. I. Instructions and Prescripts for the Cure of the Jaundise AS to the method of Curing this Disease there are three Primary Indications all which since we are in a manner always at a loss which of them is the chiefest and first to be put in Practise must be prosecuted together Therefore the Intentions of Curing must be First That the obstructions of the Ductus's must be open'd if haply there are any either in the Porus Biliarius or Meatus Cysticus or elsewhere about the Liver or Vessels that convey the Choler Secondly That the Blood be reduc'd to its due temper and Crasis lest it engender Choler in too great a plenty or render it unapt for separation Thirdly That the strength be upheld and that the Symptoms chiefly prejucicing it be provided against 1. To satisfy the First Incication Cathartick evacuations both by Vomit and Seige are greatly conducing with which the descent of the Choler towards the Intestines is Irritated and the obstructed Vessels being by this means mightily agitated are freed from their stoppages Secondly We must give Medicines that are smart bitter and salt and others endow'd with a certain instigating vertue which may sharply stir up the motion of the Gall gathered together in the Liver and there stagnating In this place also we must range such Medicines as are thought to be good against the Jaundise by a similitude of substance and as it were by a Signature viz. as being endow'd with a yellow Juice though many of these because they move Urine or Sweat may aptly enough be plac'd in the same rank with the former viz. amongst evacuative Medicines The Second Indication requires altering Medicines altogether viz. such as may depress the exaltations or wild efforts of the Sulphur and fixt Salt and help to the restitution of the Volatile Salt which was depress'd before For these purposes Medicines containing an Acid or Volatile Salt and likewise Chalybeats will do excellently well Hence Spirit of Salt of Vitriol Juice of Limons also Spirit of Hartshorn and Sheeps dung Goose dung Crocus Martis and other preparations of it of divers kinds are often prescrib'd in the Jaundise with good success The Third Incication being for the support of the strength and for removing Symptoms that prejudice it suggests to us many and diversifyed manners of Curing but to avoid tediousness I shall only set down certain general Rules concerning Diet and some Cordial and Anodine Remedies peculiarly proper in this case The Therapeutick Indications being thus laid before you it remains for us now to adjust Select Medicines viz. both simple and compound to each of those Intentions before propos'd and to explicate the manners and ways of operating of those Remedies which are accounted of most note in this Disesse First therefore we shall set before you the Forms of Evacuating Medicines appropriated to the Jaundise 1. Vomits EMetick Medicines most commonly are of good effect in a new Jaundise whilst the tone and strength of the Viscera hold good forasmuch as they both ease the Ventricle of its offensive load of viscous Phlegm with which its in a manner always opprest in this Disease and likewise by irritating the Vessels which convey the Choler and strongly shaking the Ductus's of the Liver they clear them of their stoppages and bring the Choler to pass by the ways it formerly was wont Take of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum from half an Ounce to six Drams Vinegar of Squills an Ounce Oxymel simple half an Ounce Make a Vomit to be taken with governance Sometimes it is proper to give the Evening before the following Mixtrue as a preparation to facilitate the Vomiting Take Powder of the Roots of Asarabacca Faecula of Aron Roots of each a Scruple Tartar vitriolated half a Scruple Oxymel simple an Ounce Mix them Take Sulphur of Antimony seven Grains Scammony sulphurated eight Grains Cream of Tartar half a Scruple Make a Powder give it in a spoonful of Panada Take Nine Leaves of Asarabacca being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Whitewine three Ounces press forth the Juice give it in the Morning with governance Take Cambogia prepar'd eight Grains Tartar vitriolated seven Grains Make a Powder Catharticks PUrging Medicines have place in this Disease whether it be new or inveterate viz. both that the plentiful supply of Excrements be now and then clear'd from the first passages and that the Vessels that convey the Choler be stirr'd up to excretion Take Electuary of the Juice of Roses three Drams Rhubarb a Dram Salt of Wormwood Cream of Tartar of each half a Scruple Syrup of Rhubarb what suffices Make a Bolus Take Roots of sharp pointed Dock prepar'd an Ounce tops of Sea Wormwood and of the lesser Centory of each two pugils Roots of Gentian and Turmerick of each two Drams yellow Saunders a Dram boil them in a pound and a half of fountain water to a pound towards the end add of the best Sena six Drams of the best Rhubarb three Drams Agarick a Dram and a half Coriander-seeds two Drams Whitewine two Ounces let them boil close covered for two hours then strain it and let it settle till it be clear The Dose is from four Ounces to six with Syrup of Rhubarb an Ounce water of Earth-worms three Drams Make a Potion to be taken for three or four days together or every other day In a weaker Constitution TAke Choice Rhubarb two Drams Agarick Trochiscated half a Dram Cinnamon half a Scruple Ginger half a Scruple Make an Infusion in Whitewine and Succory water of
each three Ounces being close cover'd and kept warm for three hours In the straining dissolve Syrup of Rhubarb an Ounce water of Earth-worms two Drams Take Rhubarb powdred from half a Dram to a Dram Salt of Wormwood a Scruple Make a Powder Take Pilulae Ruffi a Scruple Extractum Rudii half a Scruple Make four Pills let them be taken in the Morning with governance repeating them within four or five days In the Third place follow Deopilatives and these are Diureticks or Diaphoreticks of which also some are accounted Specificks for their Similitude of substance these sorts of Medicines both promote the separation of the Choler from the Blood and being separated force its way through the straitest passages and Pores in the Liver Moreover at the same time by fusing the Blood they cause its Serosities and Bilous Excrements to be sent forth in some measure by Sweat and Urine Take Elixir Proprietatis an Ounce give twenty drops in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon with a fit Vehicle After the same manner the Tincture of Antimony or of Salt of Tartar are often given with success also Mixtura Simplex in a greater Dose For Vehicles also for the same Intention of Curing Apozemes distill'd waters and Julapes are proper Take Roots of the greater Celandine stinging Nettles Madder of each an Ounce tops of Sea Wormwood white Horehound dry'd Agrimony Germander of each a handful Worm-seeds two Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams yellow Saunders a Dram and a half Coriander-seeds two Drams boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds add of Whitewine four Ounces and strain it add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb two Ounces Water of Earth-worms an Ounce and a half Make an Apozeme the Dose is from four Ounces to six twice a day Take Leaves of white Horehound dry'd of the lesser Centory of each a handful Roots of Gentian and Turmerick of each three Drams Cinnamon a Dram Saffron half a Dram being slic'd let them be put into a Glass with White or Rhenish Wine two pounds Make a close Infusion the Dose is three Ounces To this place belongs the famous Anti-Icterick of Gesner Take Roots of the greater Nettle a pound Saffron a Scruple Bruise them well and extract a Tincture with Whitewine the Dose is three Ounces in the Morning for four or five days Like to the former is that of Fr. Joel Take Roots of the greater Celandine slic'd two handfuls Juniper Berries a handful being bruis'd pour to them of Rhenish Wine a pound and extract the Juice The Dose is four Ounces twice a day The Juice of white Horehound is mightily commended by Dioscorides for the Cure of the Jaundise and its Syrup by Forestus Instead of the Elixir and other Chymical Liquors which are ordered to be taken in a very small quantity to avoid nauseousness You may give more successfully Electuaries Powders and Pills to others of a strong Constitution Take Conserve of Sea Wormwood the outward yellow Coats of Oranges and Limons of each two Ounces Species Diacurcumae an Ounce and a half Powder of Ivory yellow Saunders the Lignum Aloes of each half a Dram Troches of Capers a Dram Troches of Rhubarb half a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Chesnut twice a day drinking after it of the following Julape three Ounces Take Waters of the greater Celandine Fumitory Wormwood simple and of Elder Flowers of each five Ounces Magisterial water of Snails Water of Earth-worms Compound of each two Ounces Sugar half an Ounce Mix them make a Julape Or Take Roots of the greater Nettle Angelica Gentian of each four Ounces the greater Celandine entire six handfuls Wormwood Tansie both Southernwoods of each four handfuls the outward Coats of twelve Oranges and of four Limons Earth-worms prepar'd Snails of each a pound Cloves bruis'd two Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Whitewine eight pounds distil it with common Organs Let the whole Liquor be mixt Or Take Filings of Steel a pound fresh Strawberries six pounds put them in a glazed Pot and stir them together and let them stand for a day then add of the Roots of English Rhubarb slic'd a pound the Rinds of four Oranges being slic'd pour to them of Whitewine six pounds and distil them according to art Let the whole Liquor be mixt The Dose of this and the former is three Ounces twice a day after the Electuary or other Medicine Take Powder of the Roots of Turmerick and Rhubarb of each a Dram and a half Rinds of Caper Roots Asarum Roots of each half a Dram Extract of Gentian and Centory of each a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood four Scruples Seeds of Water-cresses half a Dram of Rocket half a Scruple Elixir Proprietatis a Dram Gum Ammoniacum dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of Water of Earth-worms Make a Mass Form it into little Pills the Dose is half a Dram Evenings and Mornings drinking after it of the distill'd Water three Ounces Sylvius highly commends for the Cure of the Jaundise a Decoction of Hemp-seeds in Milk and a Solution of Soap The Second Indication having regard to the altering or due tempering of the Blood that it engender Choler only in a moderate quantity and duly separate it requires those kinds of Medicines which depress the Sulphur and fixt Salt when too much exalted For these ends I know not by what chance or guidance Medicines endow'd with a Volatile Salt as Earth-worms Snails Millepedes nay Lice the Dungs of Fourfooted Beasts and of Fowl being introduc'd into Practise for Curing the Jaundise are usually given not only by Empyricks but likewise prescrib'd by Physicians of the best account These sometimes by themselves but oftner joyn'd with Evacuatives and Deopilatives enter the chief compositions of Anti-ictericks Fonseca prescribes Goslings Dung gathered in the Spring time and dry'd and also the white Dung of Chickens the Powder of both which is given from half a Dram to a Dram in a fit Vehicle Take Powder of Earth-worms prepar'd Goose dung of each three Drams Ivory yellow Saunders powdred of each half a Dram Saffron a Scruple Make a Powder divide it into six parts for so many Morning Doses with some Liquor fit for the purpose To the Anti-icterick Apozem and Tincture above prescrib'd Earth-worms also Goose-dung and Sheeps-dung are usefully added Take of fresh and live Millepedes in number from fifty to a hundred Saffron half a Scruple Nutmegs a Scruple being bruis'd together pour to them of Celandine water four Ounces water of Earth-worms two Ounces wring it forth hard and drink it After this manner let it be taken first once afterwards twice a day for a Week It s a vulgar and
these two things viz. either intercepting the Nutritive Juice appointed for other parts it applies it to its proper use as it s generally seen in Children troubled with the Rickets and in many others leading a sloathful and idle Life Or Secondly it too easily receives into its most inward Recesses the filthiness of the depraved Blood and all dreggy Excrements coming in its way and retaining them does not only grow large but is obstructed in its Ductus's whence oftentimes proceeds a Jaundise or Dropsie and tumours and preternatural Concretions of divers kinds Therefore we must take care of these two things viz. lest the Liver by taking to it self too much of the Nutritive Juice grow to too great a Bulk and lest by retaining the filthy dregs of the Blood it be troubled with obstructions and preternatural tumours Both these faults are much more easily prevented than Cur'd For the former is effected only by taking care that the Blood being well constituted in its Crasis and enjoying a free Circulation both distributes the Nutritive Juice to the parts and especially the outmost and driving all its Excrements to all their respective Emunctories deposes them there And indeed the Hepatick Medicines vulgarly so call'd though they regard the other Viscera as well as the Liver do first and more immediately exert their vertue by purifying the Blood rather than by correcting the Liver or other entrals for entring the Blood and being immiscible with it they so throughly exagitate it that they make it discharge all its superfluities by their proper Emissaries and if any Medicines are found by some specifick virtue to have respect to one part more than to another it s because their Particles being more ally'd and consequently associated to the Recrements to be separated within that entral are carried thither together with them For this reason Rhubarb Turmerick the greater Celandine and many other things ally'd to the Gall readily pass to its Ductus's and are wont to do good in the Jaundise We have before set forth the Energies and ways of operating of these Medicines As to other Hepaticks commonly so call'd we shall briefly set down certain Forms First of those which are said to prevent or remove the Non-natural accretion of the Liver and then of those which do the like in respect of its obstructions and preternatural tumours 1. Against the too great accretion or disproportionate nourishment of the Liver First a spare and thin Dyet short Sleep and frequent and moderate Exercises are proper Wherefore if at any time Infants and Children are found obnoxious to this affect as likewise to the Rickets we order that they suck thin and serous Milk that they are daily toss'd in their Nurses Arms and carried from one place to another with a swift motion or that they are put in a Chariot or in a Chair and swiftly driven to and fro and that they learn to use their feet as soon as may be and go about Take the Waters of Snails and Earth-worms of each three Ounces Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb two Ounces Spirit of Sal Armoniack with Gum Ammoniacum a Scruple Mix them take a spoonful at Night and early in the Morning Take Roots of Male Fern Chervil Candied Eringo's of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony Harts Tongue Male Speedwel of each a handful shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams white and yellow Saunders of each a Dram Raisms ston'd an Ounce and a half Barly three Drams Boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds to the straining add the waters of Snails and Earth-worms of each an Ounce and a half Syrup of Cichory two Ounces Make an Apozeme take to two or three Ounces in a day Take Powder of white and yellow Saunders Crabs Eyes Lignum Aloes of each half a Dram Salt of Wormwood a Scruple Make a Powder the Dose is from half a Scruple to a Scruple twice a day Take Emplastrum Diasaponis Ceratum Santalinum of each what suffices Make a Plaister to be apply'd to the right Hypochondre Take Vnguentum Splanchnicum two Ounces Oyl of Wormwood an Ounce Mix them make a Liniment for the Region of the Liver The Remedies for most other Diseases of the Liver are either Simple or Compound Amongst those of the former kind are usually reckon'd all Cichories Sorrels sharp-pointed Docks and in a manner all Vegetables which have a sort of bitterness joyned with somewhat of a smartness in which the Deopilative vertue is said to consist as Wormwood Germander Ground-Pine Fumitory Tansie Agrimony Liver-wort Lignum Aloes all the Saunders Tamarisk-bark Ash-bark and the Roots of Capers with many others which make up the greatest part of Botanicks The fixt Salts of Herbs and the Acid Spirits of Minerals claim a chief place amongst these because they mightily agitate the Mass of Blood dissolve its Concretions clear its stoppages and make it every where permeable in all its parts It s also manifest both by reason and experience that preparations of Steel are often proper in Distempers of the Liver as especially in the Jaundise and the Dropsy In the Antidotaries of the Ancients we find a great many Physical Compositions which seem to be wholly design'd for the Liver as the Electuary ê scoria ferri Rhasis c. But passing over these I shall now give you some Forms and Examples of Medicines which are accounted Deopilatives according to the practice of our times Therefore for an Opening Decoction TAke Roots of Fern Chervil the greater Nettle Dandelion of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony Harts Tongue Speedwel Oak of Hierusalem Liver-wort of each a handful white and yellow Saunders of each three Drams shavings of Ivory half an Ounce Red Cicehs an Ounce Coriander Seeds three Drams Raisins two Ounces Boil them in four pounds of fountain water to two pounds adding about the end Whitewine four Ounces strain it through Hippocrates sleeve to which put Species Diarrhodon Abbatis a Dram our prepar'd Steel two Drams To the straining add Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb two Ounces waters of Snails and Earth-worms of each an Ounce The Dose is six Ounces twice a day after a Dose of the following Electuary Take Conserve of the yellow Coats of Oranges and Limons of each two Ounces of Wormwood and Fumitory of each an Ounce Simple Powder of Aron Roots Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders and Caper Roots of each a Dram and a half Crabs Eyes a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams Syrup of Fumitory what suffices Make an Electuary the Dose is the quantity of a Wallnut twice a day drinking after it a draught of the Apozeme before written or of the following distill'd water Take Leaves of Wormwood Centory Tansie both Southernwoods Branches of Tamerisk of each four handfuls green Wallnuts four pounds green Ashen-keys two pounds the outward Kinds of ten Oranges and of four Limons Snails Earth-worms prepar'd of each a pound being all slic'd pour to them of Whitewine eight pounds distil it
Convulsive Inflation of the Membranous Parts and Viscera by reason of the Animal Spirits being driven into those Fibres in too great a plenty and there hindred from a Recess through the fault of the Nervous Juice obstructing it To which affect a gathering of Winds in the empty places is consequently added for compleating it That we may have timely notice of its beginning we must understand that there are some previous affects which dispose to it as especially a Hypochondriack Colick Hysterick and sometimes an Asthmatick disposition And if after frequent returns of Fits in any of these Distempers a tumour of the Abdomen follows though never so small at first a Tympany is presently to be fear'd A Tympany seldom kills of it self but after it has continued a long time to make more sure work it joyns to it self at length an Ascites as a forerunner of death In order to the Cure of a Tympany as in most other Diseases there are three primary Indications whereof the first and always the most pressing being Curatory endeavours to remove the tumour of the Abdomen by recalling the Animal Spirits from that Convulsive extention and reducing them to order The Second being preservatory keeps those Spirits or others from inordinate excursions into the Nervous Fibres of the Belly and at the same time corrects the faults of the Nervous Liquor accompanying them as to its Crasis or Motion The Third is Vital and by removing the Symptoms that are most pressing relives and upholds as much as may be all the functions that are opprest or weakned The First Indication is always of chiefest moment the whole stress of the Cure consisting in it but it s very difficult to be perform'd For it does not readily occur to us with what remedies or ways of Administration it ought to be attempted Bleeding has no place here but in a manner always is shun'd as hurtful also Catharticks for as much as they irritate the affected Fibres and trouble the Spirits and drive them more violently into those Fibres do rather increase than diminish or Cure the tumour of the Belly So likewise Diaphoreticks force the Spirits together with the Morbifick Particles deeper into those Fibres from which they ought to be summon'd forth and withdrawn The chief means of Cure seems to be plac'd in the use of Diureticks and Glisters and great things are likewise expected from Topicks because they are apply'd more immediately and by contact to the Disease it self and because we see they excellently dissolve or discuss tumours in other places but all dissolvents are not proper here even though in other tumours they are very Medicinable For those that are hot being accounted discussors most commonly rather do hurt than good in a Tympany whether they are us'd as a Fomentation or Liniment or apply'd in the Form of a Cataplasme or Plaister For they both open and dilate the Ductus's of the Fibres so that they lye more open to the Inroads of the Spirits and at the same time rarify the Particles sticking in them so that they coming to occupy a greater space the Inflation and Swelling of the Belly is augmented Lastly as to Alteratives even of those which do good against other affects of the Genus Nervosum only some few are proper in a Tympany for where the Morbifick matter sticking within the strait Ductus's cannot be driven forwards or quite through Elastick Medicines by fastning the matter deeper render the obstruction still greater or more fixt Wherefore the Spirits of Harts-horn Soot Sal Armoniack and so Tinctures Elixirs and other Medicines endowed with a Volatile Salt or Particles otherwise active do not only cause a very troublesome heat and drought in persons troubled with a Tympany but also make the Abdomen swell more because they trouble the Spirits and fuse the Blood and Nervous Juice so that the Particles deposed by each of these are forc'd into the parts affected Nowwithstanding Physick can do so little against this Disease we must not cease to move every stone in order to Cure or give ease to the Patient Therefore in the First place because it is the Custom to begin with Evacuatives though strong Catharticks always do hurt and the more gentle are scarce ever able to carry off the Conjunct Cause yet these latter for as much as they withdraw somewhat of that which feeds the Disease and prepare the way for other Medicines to exert their Energies more freely ought to have their turns in the Practice of Physick viz. once in six or seven days and at other times let Glisters the use of which is much better he frequently Administred Hydroticks being forbidden let moderate Diureticks be diligently plyed to which at the same time let such things be joyn'd which regard the altering and reducing of the Spirits and Humours which truly make up the chiefest part of Pharmacy for a Tympany Moreover in the mean time let not the use of Topicks be neglected We shall set down certain Select Forms of Medicines appropriated to each of these ends For a Medicine gently loosening use the Laxative Wine prescrib'd for a Tympany by the famous Greg. Horstius in the Fourth Book of his Observations Chap. 30. or instread of it let the following be prescrib'd in a shorter Form Take Flowers of Peaches and of Damask Roses of each two Pugils of Broom Elder and the lesser Centory of each a Pugil Leaves of Agrimony and Sea Wormwood of each a handful of the best Sena an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Carthamus-seeds half an Ounce of Dwarf-elder two Drams yellow Saunders three Drams Galingal Roots two Drams being slic'd and bruis'd sew them up in a Silken Bag and put it in a Glass with two pounds of Whitewine Saxifrage water a pound Salt of Tartar a Dram and a half let them stand for forty eight hours then let the Patient begin to drink it taking about four or six Ounces every third or fourth day In a hotter constitution let the following Form be given which I have sometimes try'd with good success Take of Purging Mineral waters eight pounds Salt of Wormwood two Drams let it evaporate with a gentle Bath-heat to two pounds To this I use to add of water distill'd from Purgers with Wine four Ounces The Dose is from four Ounces to six Or to that Liquor evaporated to two pounds add of the Roots of Mechoacan and Turbith of each half an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams yellow Saunders two Drams Cloves a Dram Let there be a close and warm digestion for two hours filter it warm through lawn paper the Dose is three or four Ounces Glisters are of frequent use in this Disease because they loosen the Belly without any great irritation of the Fibres Take water of the Infusion of Stone-Horse-dung with Cammomile Flowers a pound Honey of Herb Mercury two Ounces After the same manner also let Decoctions or Infusions be prepar'd of Dogs-turd with Carminatives Take of the Emollient Decoction a pound Sal
Prunella or Sal Armoniack from a Dram to a Dram and a half Make a Glister Take of the Vrine of a sound Man a pound Sal Prunella a Dram Venice Turpentine dissov'd with the Yolk of an Egg an Ounce and a half Make a Glister 2. Dinreticks If any other Remedies premise help in this Disease Take live Millepedes cleans'd three Ounces one Nutmeg slic'd being bruis'd together pour to them of the following Diuretick water a pound express it strongly The Dose is from three Ounces to four twice a day Take of the green Berries of Juniper and Elder of each six pounds Firr tops four pounds green Wallnuts two pounds Winters Bark four Ounces the outward Rinds of six Oranges and four Limons the Seeds of Ameos Rocket and Water-cresses of each an Ounce and a half Dill-seeds two Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of Whey made with Whitewine eight pounds distil it with common Organs Let all the Liquor be mixt Take Crystal Mineral half an Ounce Volatile Salt of Amber two Drams Powder of wild Carrot-seeds a Dram Venice Turpentine what suffices Take small Pills take three at Night and in the Morning drinking after it of the foresaid water three Ounces Take sweet Spirit of Salt half an Ounce give from eight drops to twelve twice a day with a Draught of the same water adding Syrup of Violets a spoonfull Take Spirit of Salt of Tartar an Ounce give from a Scruple to half a Dram twice a day after the same manner So also Spirit of Nitre and Tincture of Salt of Tartar may be given Take Leaves of Plantain Chervil and Clivers of each four handfuls being bruis'd together pour to them of the former distill'd water a pound express it strongly The Dose is three Ounces twice or thrice a day with some other Medicine Take Grass Roots three Ounces Roots of Butchers-broom two Ounces Chervil and Candied Eringo's of each an Ounce shavings of Hartshorn and Ivory of each two Drams burnt Hartshorn two Drams and a half Burdock-seeds three Drams boil them in three pounds of fountain water to two pounds In the warm straining put Leaves of Clivers and Watercresses bruis'd of each a handful adding of Rhenish Wine six Ounces let there be a close and warm Infusion for two hours then strain it again and add of the Magisterial water of Earth-worms two Ounces Syrup of the five Roots an Ounce and a half make an Apozeme the Dose is four Ounces twice a day with some other Medicine Whilst these things are taken inwardly let Topicks also and outward applications be carefully Administred not such as are hot and discussing but such as are endow'd with Particles of a Volatile and Nitrous Salt which destroy the combinations of the other Salts and make void the efforts of the Spirits for which ends we propose the following things If Fomentations ought to be us'd at all let them not be apply'd too hot and let them not be prepar'd of the vulgarly call'd Carminatives but chiefly of Salts and Minerals Cabrotius quoted by Helmont says he Cur'd a Person eighty years of Age whose Belly he somented twice a day with a Lixivium in which he boil'd Salt Allum and Sulphur and after apply'd Cow-dung for a Cataplasm I use to prescribe as follows Take Flowers of Sal Armoniack an Ounce Crystal Mineral two Ounces small Spirit of Wine containing much Phlegm in it two pounds Mix them and dissolve them in a Glass Let a Woolen Cloath dipp'd in this warm be apply'd on the whole Abdomen and be chang'd now and then dipping it afresh Let it be done twice a day for half an hours space afterwards let there be apply'd either a Cataplasm of Cow-dung with the Powder of Dogs-turd or the Plaister following Take Emplastrum Diasaponis that is of Minium with Venice Soap what suffices Let it be thin spread on thin Leather and apply'd to the whole Belly renewing it within ten or twelve days The Second Indication requires chiefly altering Medicines viz. such as put a stop to the Fermentations of the humours in the Viscera of the Belly and to the wild Efforts and irregular excursions of the Spirits and which likewise procure the even mixtures and due motions of the Chyle and Nervous Juice For which ends Chalybeats are principally us'd and truly not only for this Disease but for many others belonging to the Viscera of the Belly it 's usual to have recourse to Steel Medicines though in the mean time many Empyricks confidently prescribing them do not consider after what manner such Medicines work or what alterations for the better may be expected from them And indeed it very often falls out that nature her self is destroyed and not the Disease when Chalybeats of which there is a great variety and of diversified Operations are given without any distinction or choice or without respect to the Temperament Constitution and state of the Disease in Patients We have treated elsewhere ex professo concerning Medicines prepar'd of Iron and Steel and of their vertues and manners of working so that it 's needless to repeat the same here As to this Disease if any of them are proper for it certainly they are not all For those in which the Sulphur still remains and being free predominates over the other principles after that the texture of the mixt Body is open'd must be wholly excluded from this number for by their powerful fermentation they greatly ferment the Juices of the Viscera and put the Blood and Spirits in such a Commotion that the whole Region of the Belly is puft up in a greater Bulk as though some Spirit rush'd violently into it Nor are those more proper here from which the Sulphureous Particles are wholly driven away with the Saline as in Crocus Martis prepar'd by a very strong and long Calcination for as this Medicine is good to stay all fluxions so it sixes more any Impactions of Spirits and humours and renders them more obstinate But there remains a Martial Remedy of a middle kind in which the Sulphur being wholly or for the greatest part expell'd the Vitriolick Salt remains and has for the greatest part the Predominancy as it has in a Solution of the Filings of Iron or in its Infusion either simple or in Mineral waters in Salt or Vitriol of Mars in our preparation of Steel with many others preparations and compositions of which have been often found by experience to have done great good in some cases for these destroy the Exotick and restore the Genuine Ferments of the Viscera open their Obstructions fix the Blood and keep its Texture from much dissolution Wherefore Chalybeate Medicines as also some other Alteratives have haply some effect against the Procatarctick and more remote Causes of a Tympany but do little or no good at all against its Conjunct Cause Take of our Steel ground very fine two Drams of the Distill'd water above written two Pounds Syrup of the five Roots two Ounces mix them in a Glass
and let it Clarifie by setling the Dose is three or four Ounces in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon Take Powder of Aron Roots and of Crabbs Eyes of each three Drams Chrystal Mineral two Drams Vitriol of Mars a Dram and a half Sugar of Rosemary Flowers two Drams Mix them the Dose is half a Dram twice a Day with a fit Vehicle Hartman highly extolls the Liquor of the Flowers of the Herb Mullein as a Specifick Remedy in this Disease Put those Flowers fresh gather'd into an Alembick and press them in hard then the Vessell being carefully stopt that nothing can breath forth let it stand in an Oven whilst bread is bak't and afterwards the Flowers being taken forth press forth the Liquor very hard and let it be Distill'd in Balneo The Dose is a Scruple in Decoction of the Seeds and Roots of Fennel Certainly if this Medicine can do any thing it ought to be given in a greater Dose Johannes Anglicus Commends the Electuary Rosata Novella with Diatrion Santalon and Ants Eggs which Medicine truly being probable enough seems to promise something In Imitation of these I shall here propose the following Take Conserve of the Flowers of Cichory and Indian Cress of each three Ounces Powder of Aron Roots Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each a Dram Crabbs Eyes a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood an Ounce Ants Eggs an Ounce Liguor of male Mullein half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Citron Pills make an Electuary the Dose is two Drams twice a Day Drinking after it of the former Distill'd water or of the following Julape three Ounces Take water of the Leaves of Aron of the Juice of Elderberryes water of Juniper and of Elder Flowers of each six Ounces Magisteriall waters of Snails and of Earth-worms of each two Ounces Syrup of the Juice of Elderberryes two Ounces mix them make a Julape The third Indication being vital Prescribes Remedies chiefly against Faintings of the Spirits and difficulty of Breathing and against Watching and Thirst I shall briefly set down certain Forms of both kinds 1. Cordials TAke water of Navews of Marigold and Cammomill Flowers of each three Ounces Dr. Stevens's water two Ounces Tincture of Saffron two Drams Sugar an Ounce Pearl a Dram make a Julape the Dose is four or five Spoonfuls thrice or oftener in a Day in Faintings Take Conserve of Marigold Flowers two Ounces Confection of Alkermes and of Hyacinth of each two Drams Pearl Powdred an Ounces of the Juice of Citrons what suffices make a Confection take the quantity of a Nutmeg Evening and Morning drinking after it a Draught of the Julape 2. Hypnoticks TAke Aqua Hysterica six Drams Syrup de Meconio half an Ounce mix them take it late at Night Or Take small Cinnamon water an Ounce Diacodium three Ounces Tincture of Saffron two Drams mix them take to the quantity of a Spoonfull late at Night if Sleep be wanting Or Take Syrup of Cowslip Flowers three Spoonfulls Compound Peony water one Spoonfull Laudanum Tartarizd a Dram take a Spoonfull late at Night if you cannot Sleep Quenchers of Thirst must be frequently given in this most Thirsty Disease but it must be in a very small quantity that we may allay that most troublesom Symptom without much Drink which is always pernicious For which end Take Conserve of Wood-Sorrel passed through a Sieve three Ounces Pulp of Tamarinds two Ounces Sal Prunella a Dram Syrup of the Juice of Wood-Sorrel what suffices make a soft Lohoch of which let him lick often CHAP. V. Instructions and Prescripts for Curing the Anasarca AN Anasarca is describ'd after this manner that it is a white and soft Tumour of the whole outward part of the Body or of some parts of it yielding to the Touch and leaving a Pit uppon Compression proceeding from an Aqueous Homour extravasated and heapt together both within the Interstices of the Muscles and within the Pores of the Flesh and Skin and even of the Glands and Membranes That watery Humour proceeds wholly or for the greatest part from the Blood for being continually produc't within the Mass of Blood through the defect and fault of Sanguification it is pour'd forth of the Mouths of the Arteries in a greater quantity than that it can be receiv'd and carried back by the Veins and Limphaeducts and be sent forth by the Reins and Pores of the Skin and other Emissaries of the Serous Latex And Anasarca whilst it is simple is the least dangerous amongst all the species of Dropsies And a particular Anasarca occupying only the Inferior Members so the Belly do not swell withal is much safer than an Universal one In order to a right proceeding towards a Cure two chief scopes of Curing here present themselves viz. First we must take Care that the water betwixt the Skin and the Flesh be some way Evacuated and Consum'd and Secondly that a new supply be not continually engendred and heapt together For which end we must use what means we may both that the Viscera of Concoction being cleans'd from Excrements and free from Obstructions prepare always a good Chyle and supply the Mass of Blood with it in a due quantity and likewise that the Blood its Principles being restor'd to their fermenting Power may duly ferment and convert into its own Nature the Juice of the Chyle continually sent into it The Vital Indication seems not necessary in this Disease as in many others because Faintings of the Spirits or Watchings for which Cardiacks and Hypnoticks are required seldom happen here And there is little need of restoring Diets because Fasting and Abstinence do more good and most commonly are the greatest part of the Cure the reason is that the Vessels being drain'd by Fasting drink up the waters Stagnating betwixt the Skin and the Flesh or elsewhere and send them forth partly by the Reins the Pores of the Skin and other Emissaries and partly employ them most Advantageously for nourishing the Body they being yet full of a Nutritive Juice First to perform the first Indication which is for the Evacuation of the Morbifick matter all Hydragogue Medicines both Simple and Compound and likewise the Forms of Medicines set down before in the Chapter of the Ascites ought to be apply'd to use Moreover not only Catharticks and Diureticks but likewise Diaphoreticks have often place in the Cure of the Anasarca though for the most part they are forbidden in other kinds of the Dropsie In a simple Anasarca you may Purge Strongly and it often does much good I have given you before Forms of Hydragogue Catharticks of both kinds viz. of such as exert their force both upwards and downwards and both of a gentle and strong Operation from whence you may take them and apply them to the present Method of Curing If you ask how Catharticks work in this Disease and wherefore they carry forth waters better and more efficaciously than in other kinds of the
and so will continually Distill forth till all the swelling be gone from the place prickt Then the next time after somtimes twelve somtimes eighteen somtimes twenty four hours prick again in some other part either of the same Leg or of the other and so continue to make such Vents for the waters once or twice a Day in this Member or that one alone or two or at the same time in many For after this manner the Hydropical Corruption may be drayn'd more freely and safely than by any other exteriour operation whatsoever and if in the mean time its flesh supply be provided against by inward Physick Physick the Disease will be the more easily Cur'd Moreover in a desperate Dropsie that Administration serves very well to prolong Life because the waters being continually emptied forth by those outward Vents the inward and vital Inundation is the longer delay'd A Man of late seventy years of Age plung'd in a Dropsie over his whole Body has continued in Life and kept his head above the waters for these many Months beyond the expectation of all Men by the means of this only Remedy So far of the kinds and forms of Remedies prompted to us by the first that is the Curative Indication As for the Preservative Indication which takes care to restore the Crasis and fermenting or Sanguifying Vertue of the Blood it suggests to us those Medicines with being endowed with hot and elastick Particles raise up the active or deprest Principles of the Mass of Blood or repair them being wasted for which ends the vulgarly call'd Altering Remedies are wont to be prescrib'd in the Form of an Electuary Powder Pills Distill'd waters Julapes Apozemes and Dyets to which also Spirits Tinctures Elixirs are somtimes added for the greater Efficacy I shall give you an example or two of each of these 1. Take Conserves of Sea-Wormood Scurvy-grass and the yellow Coats of Oranges of each two Ounces Winters-Bark two Drams Species Diacurcumae a Dram and a half Steel prepared with Sulphur three Drams Salt of Wormwood two Drams Syrup of Citron Pills what suffices make an Electuary The Dose is two Drams in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it a Draught of Julape or of the Distill'd water to three or four Ounces Chalybeats very often do great good in this Disease as in the Green-sickness Insomuch that the whole or at the least the chief scope of Curing Falls frequently on this Remedy But we must note that these kinds of Medicines do not all equally agree in these cases For those that are chiefly in use viz. Salt of Steel or Vitriol of Mars and others prepar'd with Acids and wholly depriv'd of Sulphur do no good at all because they do not promote the Fermentation of the Blood but on the contrary rather fix it when too Exorbitant or Elastick But for an Anasarca and any other oedematous Cachexia in the habit of the Body let those Chalybeats be given in which the Sulphury Particles are left and are Praedominant as especially in the Filings of Iron and in its Scales reduc't into a fine Powder and in-Steel melted with Sulphur and Powdred these Powders being taken are presently dissolv'd by the Acid Salts within our Body upon which the Sulphureous Metallick Particles being set free and convey'd into the Blood ferment its whole Mass raise up the Symbolous Particles there before lying dormant and being joyn'd with them give a vigour to the Blood and renew its fermenting or sanguifying power before deprest Wherefore we find after a little use of these Chalybeats the pallid colour in the Green-sickness goes off and turns to a Florid Aspect 2. Take compound Powder of Aron Roots and Winters-bark of each three Drams Roots of the lesser Galingal Cubebs of each a Dram and a half Steel prepar'd with Sulphur half an Ounce Sugar of Rosemary Flowers six Drams make a Powder divide it into twenty parts the Dose is one part every Morning and at five in the Afternoon with a Draught of the Sudorifick Decoction prescrib'd before 3. Take of the Gummous extract remaining after the Distillation of the Elixir Vitae of Quercetan half an Ounce powder of Earth-worms prepar'd two Drams Roots of the lesser Galingal Winters-bark of each a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood two Drams Iron Rust two Drams and a half Balsam of Peru a Dram Tincture of Salt of Tartar two Drams Balsamum Capivii what suffices make a Mass form it into little Pills the Dose is half a Dram at Night and early in the Morning Drinking after it of the Julape or distill'd water following three Ounces 4. Take Elder Flower water and the Fermented Juice of its Berryes of each a Pound Magisteriall water of Earth-worms Raddish water compound Aqua Mirabilis of each two Ounces Syrup of the Juice of Elderberryes two Ounces mix them make a Julape 5. Take Leaves of Garden Scurvygrass Rochet Pepperwort of each six handfulls Roots of Calamus Armaticus the lesser Galingal Zedoary Florentine Orris Elder Aron of each six Ounces Wintersbarke Jamaica Pepper of each three Ounces Juniper Berryes four Ounces Cloves Ginger Nutmeggs of each an Ounce Being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of old Rhenish-wine eight Pounds distill it in common Organs let the whole Liquor be mixt 6. 7. An Antihydropick Decoction is Prescrib'd before amongst Diaphoreticks A Dyet-drink to be taken instead of Beer may be made according to the Form following Take Raspings of Guaiacum and Sassafras of each four Ounces Roots of Florentine Orris Calamus Aromaticus the lesser Galingal Elecampane of each an Ounce and a half Juniper and Lawrell berryes of each two Ounces Seeds of Anise Caraway sweet Fennell Coriander Dill of each an Ounce long Pepper Cubebs of each an Ounce and a half Cloves Nutmeggs Ginger of each half an Ounce Jamainca Pepper two Ounces dry'd Leaves of Salvia Acuta Wood-sage Calamint Agrimony of each a handful Licorice four Ounces being slic'd and bruis'd Let them boyl in four Gallons of fountain water to half when the straining is cold let it be put up in Glass-bottles for use I have known many persons almost given over in an Anasarce who by the constant use of this Drink have perfectly recover'd Of many examples of persons Cur'd of Dropsies I shall now give you one A certain Robust Man of a middle Age after having gotten an Epidemical Quartan Ague and being ill manag'd at first had lain under it above a year and in the mean time had us'd an ill Dyet fell into an Anasarca which afterward upon his indulging himself to Drink very freely for quenching his Thirst which was exceeding great grew in a short time to a vast height so that all his Members from the Head to the Foot and his Belly likewise being swollen he was not able to turn himself from on t side to the other in his Bed without the assistance of Servants As I first visited him and despairing of Cure I plainly
intimated before As to others that are not so weak we say thus those whose Blood has not an easy Transpiration by reason of the Constipation of the Pores and upon its being put in a stronger Motion by the heat of the Bed is dispos'd to greater Turgescencies and to Eruptions it will be good for them not only to stay out of Bed while Bleeding but likewise sometimes to be cool'd by outward Applications in the whole habit of the Body or at leastwise in most of its Members Wherefore Fabritius Hildanus relates how he presently Cur'd one of a violent Bleeding at Nose after many ordinary Remedies try'd in vain by putting him into a Vessel of cold water with the like success also Riverius having ordered another affected in like manner to be taken forth of his Bed and laid on a Woolen Rugg in the Floor fomented his whole Body with Linnen-cloaths wetted in an Oxicrate Yet this method is not generally proper for all Persons and at all times But on the contrary those whose Blood being of a free Transpirable disposition and enjoying open Pores readily evaporates and is wont upon any moderate ambient heat to be resolv'd into Sweat and consequently to become more calm it 's good for such to continue in Bed not only whilst Bleeding but as long as that Eruption is in danger of returning in a short time after For this reason it is that many Persons subject to violent Eruptions of Blood live free from that Distemper during the Summer whilst they have a free Transpiration but when the cold of the Winter presses them their Pores being stopt they undergo more frequent and dreadful Fits of it 3. The third Indication being for Preservation which regarding the removal of the cause of the Distemper either hinders the Eruptions of Blood or renders them less frequent or less considerable suggests to us these two chief intents of Curing viz. First that the Blood being restor'd to its due Temperament and Mixture be quietly circulated within its Vessels without Turgescencies and Eruptions And Secondly that the Blood Vessels be kept in their due State as to their Conformations of their little Months and the Tones of their Muscular Fibres so that those Vessels neither cause those disorderly Sallyes of the Blood to the Head or give way to its Eruption from the Nostrils For both these ends in the first placelet the Redundancy of the Blood and its great foulness be provided against by a seasonable Administration of Phlebotomy and Purgation and then forprocuring and preserving its right Temperament let the following Alteratives be given in fit seasons for Physick Take Conserve of red Roses and of the wild Rose of each three Ounces Powder of all the Saunders of each half a Dram of Coral prepar'd a Dram of the reddest Crocus of Mars two Drams Sal Prunella four Scruples With a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Coral make an Electuary take early in the Morning and going to Bed the quentity of a Chesnut either by it self or Drinking after it of the following distill'd water three Ounces Take of the tops of Cypress and Tamarisk of each eight handfuls tops of St. John ' s-wort and of Horse-tayl of each four handfuls all the Saunders bruis'd of each an Ounce Pith of White-bread two Pounds being slic't very small pour to them of New-milk eight Pounds distill it with common Organs Sweeten each Dose as you take it with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of the Juice of Plantain Take Leaves of Plantain Brooklimes and stinging Nettles of each four handfuls being bruis'd pour to them of the foregoing water half a Pound small Cinnamon water two Ounces express it strongly the Dose is three or four Ounces in the Morning at nine of the clock and at five in the Afternoon Let Medicines of this kind be taken Spring and Fall for twenty or thirty Days giving sometimes a gentle Purge between whiles But in the Summer let Mineral Chalybeat waters be Drunk for a Month than which there is not a more excellent Remedy in this case I shall now give you an example of one Cured of an Eruption of Blood whose case was somewhat particular I was lately sent to for advice for a Gentleman living far off who had been troubled a good while with frequent and violent Eruptions of Blood sometimes from the Nostrils sometimes from the Heamorrhoids this person had been often let Blood by the advice of his friends but found no good thereby nay most commonly after opening a Vein falling into cold Sweats and Swounding Fits and still as liable to Eruptions of Blood he was wont to be much worse To this Person not having seen him I prescrib'd Julapes and cooling Decoctions and Anodyns also Juicy expressions of Herbs and other things to cool the Blood but these things also as though all yet were far from the makr had nothing a better success at length being call'd into the country to see him I found the affect with which he was seiz'd to be meerly or chiefly Convulsive for the Blood breaking forth daily his Pulse was weak his Extream parts cold and all the Vessels were fallen as though too much emptied Moreover the Patient was troubled with a continual Giddiness and a Trembling of the Heart and was taken now and then with Swounding Fits or with the apprehension of it Truly it was so far from it that the Blood should break forth of the Vessels by reason of any Redundancy or Turgescency that rather on the contrary its Current was so extreamly low and small that it seem'd scarce able to maintain the Stream of Circulation But the thing was that often in a Day he sensibly pervceiv'd somewhat on a sudden to pass privately sometimes up and sometimes down his Body like a wind and for the most part an Eruption of Blood from the Nostrils or Haemorrhoids followed the Tendency of that Motion So that it was easy hence to conclude that the moving Fibres of the Blood Vessels by which they are contracted being seiz'd with Convulsions drew suddenly every way in a disorderly manner the Stream of the Blood as small and low as it was and forc't it now and then to an Eruption Which also was the easier done because the Lax and Gaping Mouths of the Vessels permitted the Blood driven to them to flow forth without any due stay A Method of Cure ordered pursuant to this Aetiology confirm'd it by its good success For Bleeding and the use of Blood-stopping Medicines being thenceforwards omitted I prescrib'd the use of the following Powder whereof he took a Dose every sixth hour with a proper Julape Take Powder of the Roots of Male Peony red Coral and Pearl of each a Dram Ivory Crabbs Eyes Blood-stone of each half a Dram Sal Prunella a Dram make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram. Take black Cherry water eight Ounces Balm water and small Cinnamon water of each two Ounces Treacle water an Ounce Syrup of Coral an Ounce and
Disease For the corrupted Taints of the Blood after that upon long continuance they are become wholly Heterogeneous and unsubdueable gather to themselves at length the Saline Particles with which growing together in that Tartarous Concretion and driven to the Skin they produce Eruptions of the running Scab Concerning the Crue of the running Scab there are two primary Indications viz. the Preservatory which regards the cause of the Disease and the Curatory which has regard to the Symptom viz. the breaking forth of Pushes The Vital has seldom place in this case unless grown altogether desperate where there is a deficiency of Sleep and Strength The Method of Cure ought always to begin with the Preservatory Indication which removes the causes of the Disease by inward Remedies for otherwise outward things are scarce ever administred to any purpose as in the Itch but the roots of the Disease being cut off within the Blood the Cutaneous Pushes soon dye away Though for removing them we must proceed one way when the running Scab begins of it self and somewhat a differing way when it comes after an inveterate Scurvy or the French-pox ill or not Cur'd We shall consider each of these cases severally and distinctly by themselves When therefore this Disease is simple and primary and fresh coming let the evident and external cuases be remov'd let the ill Diet and the Unwholesomeness of the Air be corrected therefore let persons who have been long and too much us'd to feed on Salt Meats Pork or Fish betake themselves to a Diet of good Juice and easy of Concoction Moreover if they live by the Sea side or in Marshy places let them remove to a more dry and clear Air and withal let them be as careful of their Drink avoiding thick and dreggy Beer and thin and acid Wines which are too much fill'd with Tartar Finally let them take care that their Drink or Food be not prepar'd of Mineral waters apt to petrify 2. In respect of the Conjunct and Procatarctick cause viz. a Saturation of the Blod with Saline Particles of a differing Disposition and Nature there are two chief intents of Curing to wit that the Blood and Humours be forthwith cleans'd of their impurities and that the Acido-saline Discrasies of the Blood and Nervous Liquour be altered for the better to keep them from engendring a Tartarous matter For which ends both evacuating Remedies of divers kinds and altertives are wont to be prescrib'd Nevertheless because not all but in a manner only great Remedies are here proper therefore those that are chiefly in use and found to do most good are Catharticks Bleeding Whey Mineral waters coming from Iron Juicy expressions of Herbs Decoctions of Woods Chalybeat Medicines and Salivation We shall set down certain Forms of each of these and the manners of ussing them In the Frist place therefore a general Purge and Bleeding as in the Cure of the Itch being premitted let the following Cathartick Infusion or Tincture be prescrib'd whose Dose is from six Ounces to eight to be repeated whithin six or seven Days Take Roots of sharp pointed Dock dryed of Polypody of the Oak of each half an Ounce Sena ten Drams Epithymum six Drams Rhubaru Mechoacan of each half an Ounce yellow Saunders two Drams Celtick Spike half a Dram Salt of Tartar a Dram and a half put them in a Glass with three Pounds of White-wine and a Pound of Elder-flower water let them stand close covered in a cold place for three Days then use it pouring forth daily a sufficient quantity of the clear Liquour Secondly to sweeten the Blood and cleanse ti from its Salts drink every Morning to two or three Pounds of Whey by it self or with Fumitory preparations of Cichory and with sharp pointed Dock infus'd in it and let this Drink be continued for twenty or thirty Days if it agrees with the Stomack and withal in the Evening and early in the Morning let a Dose or the following Electuary be taken Take Conserve of the Roots of sharp pointed Dock six Ounces Crabbs Eyes Coral prepard of each two Drams Ivory a Dram Powder of Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each a Dram and a half Sal Prunella two Drams Vitriol of Mars a Dram and a half Syrup of the Juice of Wood-sorrel what suffices make an Electurary the Dose if two Drams Thirdly for the same reason as Whey also Mineral waters coming from Iron are prescrib'd against this Disease and often do great good For when all other Medicines have prov'd of no effect I have sometimes Cur'd a great and almost Leaprous running Scab with this alone Moreover to add to their efficacy we may fitly joyn the use of Sal Prunella or of Vitriol of Mars or of the Electuary before written Fourthly in some persons having much Serun and a Watery Constitution where drinking of Whey or Mineral waters is not proper it is good for them to take constantly a Decoction of Woods at Physical hours and likewise for their ordinary Drink Take Raspings of Willow-wood half a Pound Roots of Sarsaparilla eight Ounces white Saunders Wood of the Mastick-tree of each two Ounces Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each six Drams Shavings of Tin crude Antimony of each four Ounces both tyed in a Rag Licorice an Ounce let them infuse according to Art and boil in sixteen Pounds of fountain water of half keep the straining for use Fisthly Chalybeat Medicines because generally accounted of among the more excellent Remedies are seldom omitted in this Disease though they as seldom prove successful For a gret many preparatious of Iron in which the Sulphurous Particles predo minate for as much as they ferment the Blood and put it upon Excretory Effervescencies encrease rather than diminish the Eruptions of the running Scab Nevertheless Vitriolick Salts Syrups Tinctures and Infusions in regard they fix the Blood and somewhat restrain the Exorbitant excesses of the Salts answer aptly enough to the intention of Curing now propos'd but being too weak cnnot master so Herculean a Disease Wherefore Sixthly these and a great many other Remedies doing no good many reommend Salivation as the stoutest Champion and only fit to contend with so potent an Enemy Yet the event does not always answer this mighty expectation for I must own to have try'd this Remedy my self in four persons afflicted with a greivous running Scab not yielding to other Medicines but without any benefit some of these were put in a very high Salivation by a Mercury Unction others by Pills of the Solar Praecipitate which Salivation they lay under for about twenty Days after which time all the Scaly breakings forth and clusters of Pushes vanisht Nevertheless for perfecting the Cure a Diet Drinkd ordered of the Decoction of Sarza with frequent Sweating under a Cradle and deu Puring betwixt while was continued for a Month Yet this course being ended when no footsteps of the running Scab seem'd to be left behind within the second Month a
sound enough she liv'd also daily us'd to hard labour about the fourteenth year of her Age she began to be seiz'd with Fits of the Epilepsy whereof she underwent many they chiefly following her according to the greater changes of the Moon Being entreated to endeavour her recovery I gave her a Vomit of the Solar Praecipitate and advis'd her to repeat the same three Days before every new and full Moon and likewise that every time for four Days after the Vomit taken she should take twice a Day a Dram of Powder of the Roots of Male Peony with a draught of black Cherry water By these Remedies the Fits intermitted so long that the Disease seem'd to be Cur'd When afterward they return'd again she was again recovered by the use of the same Medicines And then her Menses hapning to flow and keeping their due course she continued for the time to come free from that Disease The Therapeutick Method IN the Cure of the Epilepsy I judge we must begin by Purging and if the Diseas'd easily bears Vomiting let him take a Vomit in the first place and let it be repeated for many Months four Days before the full Moon To Infants and Children let Wine of Squills mixt with fresh Oyl of sweet Almonds be given or also Salt of Vitriol from half a Scruple to a Scruple To Adult persons and such as are of a robust Constitution let the folowing Forms of Medicines be prescrib'd Vomits TAke Crocus Metallorum or Mercurius Vitae from four Grains to six Mercurius Dulcis from sixteen Grains to a Scruple let them be ground together on a Marble mix it with the Pap of a boil'd Apple or with a Dram of Conserve of Borrage make a Bolus Or give from half an Ounce to an Ounce and a half of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or Mercurius Vitae made in Sack Or take Mynsicht's Emetick Tartar from four Grains to six Those that are of a more tender Constitution may take Salt of Vitriol from a Scruple to half a Dram and after half an hour let them drink upon it many pints of Ale-Posset-drink then a Quill or the Finger being put into the Throat let Vomiting be provok't and let it be sometimes repeated The Day after the Vomit unless somewhat indicates the contrary let Blood be taken from the Arm or from the Haemorrhoid Veins by Leeches Then the next Day after let a Purging Medicine be taken and let this afterwards constantly be repeated four Days before the new Moon Purges TAke Rosin of Jalap half a Scruple Mercurius Dulcis a Scruple Castoreum three Grains Conserve of Peony-flowers a Dram make a Bolus Take the greater Pilulae Faetidae two Scruples Rosin of Jalap five Grains Ammoniacum dissolv'd in Aqua Hysterica what suffices make five Pills Take Threads of black Hellebore macerated in Vinegar dried and powdred half a Dram Ginger half a Scruple Salt of Wormwood twelve Grains Oyl of Amber two Drops make a Powder give it in the Pap of a boil'd Apple Take Compound Powder of Hermodacts a Dram Mans Scull prepar'd six Grains make a Powder give it in a draught of the Decoction of Hyssop or Sage In the Days in which he does not Purge especially about the times of the Moons changes let Specifick Remedies be given Morning and Evening which are said to Cure this Disease by a certain Secret and innate Vertue There is an immense number of these and they are prescrib'd according to various Forms of Compositions Specificks THE most simple Medicines and which experience has prov'd to be very efficacious are the Roots of the Male Peony and its Seed Take Roots of the Male Peony dryed and powdred from a Dram to two or three Drams let it be given twice a Day in the following Tincture Take Leaves of Mistletow of the Oak two Drams Peony Roots slic't half an Ounce Castoreum a Dram let them be put in a close Vessel with Betony water or simple Peony water and White-wine of each a Pound Salt of Mistletow of the Oak or of common Mistletow two Drams let them digest in a close Vessel by a Sand heat for two Days let him take three Ounces with a Dose of the Powder before prescrib'd Let poor people take the said Powder in a Decoction of Hyssop or Castoreum made in fountain water or White-wine At the same time let the Root of Peony cut in slices and run through with a Thread be hung about the Neck Let the Roots also fryed in a Frying-pan or boil'd till they are tender be daily taken with his Food Take Roots and Seeds of the Male Peony of each two Drams Mistletow of the Oak Elks-hoof of each a Dram being slic't and bruis'd let them be sown up in very fine Linnen make a Bag to be worn on the Pit of the Stomack Amongst Specificks this Powder is greatly commended by some Authors Take Castoreum Opoponax Sanguis Draconis Antimony Peony Seeds of each a like quantity Make a Powder let it be taken from half a Dram to a Dram every Morning with Wine or an appropriated Decoction or with black Cherry water Take Mans Scull prepar'd an Ounce Mistletow of the Oak factitious Cinnaber Elks-hoof of each half an Ounce mix them the Dose is from half a Scruple to a Scruple If the Form of a Powder be ungrateful to any Person or if it 's long continued use makes it loathsome Electuaries Pills Troches Spirits and Elixirs each of them consisting of Specifick Medicines are wont to be prescrib'd Electuaries TAke Conserve of Male Peony-flowers of Lillies of the valley of each three Ounces Seeds and Roots of the Male Peony powdred of each two Drams Coral prepar'd a Dram Pearl powdred Mans Scull prepar'd of each two Scruples Salt of Mistletow of the Oak a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Coral make an Electuary let him take Morning and Evening the quantity of a Nutmeg Take Roots of Male Peony powdred an Ounce Seeds of the same half an Ounce Mistletow of the Oak Elks-hoof Mans Scull prepar'd of each two Drams Roots of Angelica Contrayerva Virginia Serpentary of each a Dram white Amber Coral calcin'd of each a Dram Salt of common Mistletow two Drams Sugar-candy dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of the Antiepileptick water of Langius eight Ounces make a Confection let him take twice a Day the quantity of a Nutmeg Pills LET those Powders Salt of Amber and of Harts-horn being added to them be made into a Mass for Pills with a sufficient quantity of Balsamum Capivii whereof let three or four Pills be taken in the Morning and Evening drinking after it a draught of an appropriated Liquour Or let an Elixir of this kind be prepar'd whereof let eight or ten drops be taken twice a Day in a spoonful of an appropriated Julape drinking after it a little of the same Elixirs TAke Hungarian Vitriol six Pounds let it be distill'd in a Glass Retort by a Sand heat for twentyfour
yet known to me either from my own experience or that of others I shall try haply some time what our artificial Mineral waters viz. impregnated both with Iron and Antimony being taken for many Days in a great quantity will be able to effect towards the Cure of the Falling-sickness CHAP. II. Instructions and Prescripts for Curing the other kinds of Convulsions and in the first place of the Convulsive motions of Children IT happens that Infants and Children are so generally and frequently troubled with Convulsive affects that this may be accounted as the chief and almost only kind of Convulsions for those kinds of Symptoms in Adult persons are denoted by other Names and are wont to be refer'd to the Epilepsy Hysterick Hypochondriack or Colick passions or also to the Scurvy but in Children as it were by way of excellency they are call'd Convulsive motions Concerning these we may observe that Children are found to be very subject to Convulsions chiefly at two times viz. within the first Month after they are Born and about the time of the eruption of Teeth Though Fits of this Disease happen also often at other times and for certain other causes For in those in whom the Seeds of a Convulsive Disposition are rooted these Seeds sometimes display themselves and come to a Morbid Matureness either presently after the persons are Born as is said before or lying hid for a while sometimes precede in them the Eruption of Teeth sometimes follow it at a great distance of time after and at length in an uncertain course break forth in act for other evident causes viz. either inward or outward such as are an unhealthy or pregnant Nurse Milk coagulating in the Ventricle or degenerating into an acid or bitter Corruption a Feverish Distemper of the Head and Ulcers of other parts breakings forth suddenly disappearing changes of the Air Conjunctions or Opposite Aspects of the Sun and Moon and the like These Convulsions in Children are wont to infest three Regions of the Body viz. the parts of the Head and Face the Members and outward Limbs and the Praecordia and Viscera And we observe that sometimes these sometimes the others sometimes two of them or all the Regions together are troubled with the Morbifick cause according as the same is fixt either about the Origines or extremities of the Nerves And when the first of these happens according as the superiour middle or lower spinal part of the Medulla Oblongata to wit one of them alone or more of them together are set upon by the Morbifick cause In Children obnoxious to Convulsions hereditarily the Convulsive Fits are excellently provided against if presently after a Child is Born an Issue be made in the Nucha and Blood be drawn from the Jugular Veins by Leeches for by the former the Corruptions of the Nervous Juice are convey'd away and by the latter the impure Efflorescencies of the Blood are withdrawn from the Head A person whose Children dyed all of Convuisions within three Months time at length to prevent the like fatal Accident in a Child fresh Born sought for Remedies Being call'd after some Days after the Birth I advis'd that in the first place an Issue should be made in the Nucha and then the next Day after that a Leech being apply'd to the Jugular of both sides Blood should be drawn to the quantity of two Ounces moreover that near each of the Conjunctions and Opposite Aspects of the Sun and Moon about five Grains of the following Powder should be given in a spoonful of Julape for three Days Mornings and Evenings Take Mans Scull prepar'd Roots of Male Peony of each a Dram Pearl powdred half a Dram double refin'd Sugar a Dram mix them make a subtile Powder Take black Cherry water three Ounces Langius's Antiepileptical water an Ounce Syrup of the Flowers of Male Peony six Drams mix them I ordered also that the Nurse at the same Physical hours should take a draught of Whey in which Seeds and Roots of the Male Peony and Leaves of the Lilly of the valley were boil'd The Infant continued well for about four Months but then began to be troubled with Convulsive affects At which time the same Remedies were given in a greater Dose both to the Infant and to the Nurse Vesicatories were also applyed behind his Ears and Blood was drawn by Leeches from both Jugular Veins and within two or three Days the Child grew well afterward when within four or five Months the Convulsions return'd at times still by the use of the same Remedies he was Cur'd After a year and a half the Convulsive affects wholly ceast but about the lower part of the Back-bone a Tumour without Pain grew up whence some Crookedness of the Vertebrae and a weakness of the Leggs and at length a Palsy were caus'd It seems in this case that the Convulsive matter which was wont to assail the Origines of the Nerves at length entering the Spinal Marrow and being thrown down into its lower part wholly stopt the Mouths of the Arteries belonging to it to wit because to the explosive Particles other narcotick and grosser Particles had joyn'd themselves The Therapeutick Method against Convulsive affects in Children IN Infants and Children we must take care either to prevent imminent Convulsions or being already begun to Cure them For if former Children Born of the same Parent have been found obnoxious to Convulsions that evil ought to be prevented in the rest of the Children Born afterward by a seasonable use of Remedies For this end it is usual to pour into the Mouth of an Infant newly Born assoon as it begins to Breath some Anticonvulsive Medicine Hence some are wont to give it some drops of most pure Honey others a spoonful of Canary sweetn'd with Sugar and others Oyl of sweet Almonds fresh drawn By some persons a drop of Oyl of Amber or half a spoonful of Epileptical water is put into its Mouth Besides these first things given Children which truly seem to be of some moment certain other remedies and ways of Administration ought to be us'd viz. let a spoonful of a Liquour appropriated to this affect be drank twice a Day For Example Take water of black Cherries and of Rue of each an Ounce and a half the Antiepileptick water of Langius an Ounce Syrup of Corral six Drams Pearl prepar'd fifteen Grains mix them in a Glass On the third or fourth Day after it is Born let an Issue be made in the Nucha then if it has a Florid Countenance let a little Blood to an Ounce and a half or two Ounces be drawn from the Jugular Veins by Leeches care being taken lest he Bleed too much when he Sleeps Let the Temples and Neck be gently rub'd with such a Liniment Take Oyl of Nutmeggs by expression two Drams Oleum Capivii three Drams Oyl of Amber a Scruple let a Periapt of the Roots and Seeds of the greater Peony with a little addition of Elks-hoof
in the Groin or on the Thighs or Calves of the Legs viz. sometimes in this part sometimes in that to wit that the little Sores made here and there flowing continually may plentifully discharge the Serum filled with Heterogeneous and Morbid Particles Moreover Remedies gently conveying the Serum to the Reins and Urinary passages are often given with good effect for this purpost let Diuretick Apozems ans Julapes be ordered according to the following Forms Take Roots of Scorzonera Chervil Grass Eringo's preserv'd of each six Drams one Apple slic't Leaves of Burnet Meadow sweet of each a handful Raisins an Ounce and a half burnt Harts-horn two Drams being slic't and bruis'd let them boil on a clear Fire in four Pounds of Fountain-water till a third part be consum'd to two Pounds of the clear Straining add Syrup of the Juice of Citrons or of Violets two Ounces Sal Prunella a Dram and a half make an Apozeme the Dose is from four Ounces to six thrice a day Or let that Straining be pour'd on fifteen sineet Almonds blanch and on the four cold Seeds of each a Dram being lruis'd make an Emulsion according to Art Take water of Dragon-wort and of black Cherries of each four Ounces of Scordium compound two Ounces treacle-Treacle-water an Ounce and a half Syrup of Clove-gillylowers two Ounces Spirit of Vitriol twelve drops wake a Julape Let Sal Prunella be giben often in a day in small Beer or Whey from half a Dram or two Scruples Moreover in this Fever Medicines gently promoting Sweat especially such as restore the Animal Spirits and free them from any Heterogeneous Combination are of excellent use Wherefore either let Powder of Pearl or Spirit of Harts-horn or of Blood be given in a small Dose twice a day viz. Morning and Evening Let Glysters be injected alniost daily and if it seems convenient let a gently loosning Medicine be repeated twice in a week Let none but a thin Diet be ordered viz. such as is wont to be in other Fevers Flesh or its Broath being wholly forbidden let the Sick eat only Oat or Barley-broath let his Drink be small Beer or Whey But if notwithstanding any Physical provision the Morbifick Matter gets possession of the Brain or Lungs or both of them together so that a failing and disorder of the Animal faculty or also a violent Cough come upon the Diseas'd we must consider what is to be done in either state of the Disease rais'd after this manner to an ill condition for then the Curative Indications ought to respect a stupor or madness or the Cough and at length if the Disease being upon declining these Symptoms remit let appropriated Remedies be given against the Atrophia it being as the last fortress of this Disease 1. Therefore if the Morbifick Matter as it frequently is wont being brought to the Head causes there a Stupor or Sleepy affects Remedies ought to be carefully administred which draw it to another place and derive it some way or other from the Head and likewise such as raise up the Animal Spirits and make void the impure Combination Wherefore in this case let the use of Epispasticks be very much encreast outwardly let Spirit of Harts-horn be given every sixth hour in somewhat a large Dose let Blood be drawn again from the Jugular Veins the Salvatella or also from the Veins of the Fundament by Leeches If the affect does not remit the Hair being shav'd off let Emollient Fomentations be often applyed to the Head Moreover let Cupping-glasses Plaisters and Cataplasms be applyed to the Soles of the Feet and other ways of administration such as are vulgarly indicated for Curing a Stupor ought to be us'd In like manner if to the evil or defect of Crisis in this Fever a Frensy or Mania Supervene let Remedies appropriated to those affects be administred 2. But if together with or without this Detriment brought on the Head the Lungs also are injur'd by the Disease so that the Diseas'd not yet freed of their Fever seem to have fall'n into a Consumption or Ptizick with a troublesome Cough much and thick Spittle and that often discoloured Medicines commonly indicated in such affects are proper wherefore Pectoral Decoctions Lohoch's Syrups Waters of Milk and Snails distill'd and other Remedies of this kind ought diliently to be us'd The Forms of which are to be found in their above written cases Hitherto we have describ'd a continual Fever for the most part Convulsive and taking its rise both through the default of the Nervous Juice and of the Blood I shall now set before you an example of a Disease resembling an intermitting Fever and chiefly radicated in the Nervous Juice A fine Woman of a very tender Constitution and a weak temper of the Brain and Genus Nervosum and consequently very subject to Convulsive affects after she had conceiv'd about the fourth Month of her Child-bearing upon taking cold was most sorely afflicted with Asthmatick Fits and likewise with frequent Faintings of the Spirits But by the use of remedies endowed with a Volatile Salt she grew well of these Distempers within a fortnight nevertheless after six weeks were past an unusual and very wonderful affect seis'd this Lady On a certain morning awaking after her sleep which had been somewhat troubled that night she felt in her whole body a light shivering as tho' the fit of a Tertian Ague were coming upon her Frequent Gapings and Retchings follow it with a frequent straining to Vomit Then her Urine which just before was of an Orange colour with a laudable sediment became pale and watery and was very frequently voided viz. every munute of an hour Moreover about the Loins and Hypochondres and in other places pains with light Convulsions passing from one place to another were rais'd Which kind of Symptoms being manifestly Convulsive with the frequent making of Limpid Water continued from the morning almost to the evening In which space of time a vast quantity of Urine viz. thrice more than the Liquor drank was made In the mean while the Heat became not more intense nor did Thirst seem pressing nor was the pulse rais'd In the eveing the foresaid affects ceast and the Urine came again to be of an Orange colour and in a small quantity and she enjoyed a moderate sleep during the whole night and then the next morning the Fit returned near the same hour accompanied whol'y with the like Symptoms and daily acted over the very same Tragedy Going to see this Lady after the had lain ill after this manner for twelve days I judged that this disease being chiefly rooted in the Genus Nervosum depended on the effervescency and flowing of the Humour that lies in the Nervous parts to this Breeding person I Prescribed Bleeding and to take twice a day a Powder made of Coral Pearl Ivory and other Cordial things in an appropriated Liquor morning and evening she took twelve drops of the Tincture of Antimony the effect whereof I
Rising from her Bed at ten a Clock in the Morning she was well and carryed her self so well in her countenance walking and discourse that no man would have suspected that any thing ail'd her At eleven a Clock she began to complain of a Plenitude and as it were Inflation in the Brain and a Deadness of the Spirits with a light Scotomia by and by she felt in the left Hypocondre a mighty beating and Springing as it were of a live Animal I plainly felt this Motion by applying my hand to her side then a Retching and great Crying followed whereupon she was presently led to Bed and given to be held by a maid servant sitting on the Bolster This person clapping her Arms about the middle of the diseas'd held her very hard in her Lap during the Fit Moreover servants were at hand and relations standing about her who sometimes held her Hands and Arms sometimes prest down her Belly and Hypocondres which rise to a mighty Bulk still forcing upwards The chief Symptoms of the disease which being rais'd by turns divided in a manner the whole Fit were these two viz. Sometimes violent Convulsions of the Viscera infested her so that the Abdomen rising to a mighty Bulk withstood the hands of standers by prest against it that it could not be kept down and withal the Praecordia being drawn upward the Motion of the Heart and Blood was in a manner stop't For which space of time the Virgin hanging down her head with a weaken'd and no Pulse as it were lay Speechless and almost insensible After two or three minutes of an hour these Fits ceast And then the Sick raising her self look't round her chearfully and for some time converted the Impetus of the disease into Discourses and Songs both which she uttered most Pleasantly and Elegantly above her Natural disposition she past such Sayings and Scoffs on all persons about her that there is nothing in any Comedy to be met with more facetious then she would Sing most Sweet and Pleasant Tunes of Harmony such as neither any person else could Sing or herself at another time After the she had thus past about six or seven Minutes of an hour in Jesting and Singing she fell again into the Convulsions of the Viscera and Hypochondres and the loss of Speech as before And these remitting in a short time and the Impetus of the Spirits flying back from the inferiour Nerves to the Brain she gave her self again to the pleasantryes of Talking and Singing When at any time she discourst with the standers by if any thing that was Sharp or Ignominious were replyed by them she fell into more Violent and Lasting Convulsions of the Bowels After this manner she uses to be troubled with an alternate affect of the Viscera and Brain for about the space of an hour Then the Fit drawing toward an end the Convulsions of the Bowels becoming more gentle return'd three or four times with very little intermission Afterward these wholly ceasing the Impetus of the disease passes into the outward Members whence presently it wholly vanishes For the Arms and Legs undergo contractions and twitchings for a minute of an hour and presently after the diseased rising up comes off from her Bed and is free from all Convulsion till a new Fit returns nay and having an indifferent good strength walks up and down the house and during the interval of the affect cheerfully performs the usual Offices of Life still excepting that her Stomach being weak loaths food during the day time in the evening after the second Fit of the disease she eats a little supper About the beginning of this sickness of the Convulsions of the Bowels were much more violent and she lay Senseless with them and during their intervals she would talk absurdly Sing Songs out of tune and fall out a Laughing or Crying without any ground of reason But at length the Animal Spirits being forc't into lasting explosions perform'd them so regularly sometimes this way sometimes that as it was most proper that they seem'd to be done in some sort by the moderation and command of the will After I had been again to see this Lady having lain under these periodical Fits for many weeks I ordered that three hours before the second Fit ten Ounces of Blood should be drawn from the Vein of her foot whereupon the Fit expected in the Evening wholly left her nor did it ever return afterward But the other Fit obsrving its ancient course return'd daily till upon Bleeding a little before its coming the Patient was free of it that day which nevertheless returning the next day after followed her for many months according to the same form In the mean while because the winter cold was very fevere she delai'd for some time the use of Remedies But as the Spring came on the noble Lady being brought to Oxford was cur'd by the following Method In the first place I gave her this Purge and took care for it to be repeated every sixth or seventh day Take Sulphur of Antimony six Grains Mercurius Dulcis a Scruple Rosin of Jalap four Grains Ginger six Grains Let them be bruis'd together on a Marble then adding Conserve of Violets a Dram make a Bolus It was wont to make her Womit twice or thrice and to give her three or four Stools Her Menses constantly flowed from her at set time in a plentiful manner Wherefore her Blood seeming to be in great plenty and hot in the middle time betwixt the monthly periods I ordered Bleeding twice or thrice Moreover on all those days that she did not Purge she took four Pills of the following Mass Drinking after it a little Draught of the Julap beneath prescribed Take Roots of Male Peony half an Ounce of Virginia Serpentary Contrayerva and Bastard Dittany of each two Drams Mans Scult prepar'd a Dram and a half Elks Hoof a Dram red Coral prepar'd Pearl Powdred of each a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams Salt of Coral a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrupe of Male Peony flowers make a Mass Take the Waters of Male Peony Flowers Black Cherries and Wallnuts of each four Ounces the Antiepileptical Water of Langius two Ounces Syrup of Peony Flowers an Ounce and a half Castoreum tyed in a knot and hung in hte Glass a Dram mix them make a Julap When she began to loath the Pills omitting them she took twice a day viz. early in the morning and late at night about a Scruple of the following Powder in a spoonful of the Julap Drinking after it four or five spoonfuls of the same Take Bezoar Stone of both kinds White Amber Pearl prepar'd Red Coral of each a Scruple Mans Scull two Scruples Roots of Virginia Serpentary Seeds of Rue of each half a Dram mix them make a Powder let her take a Scruple Morning and Evening with a Dose of the Julap above prescribed Afterward when this also began to nauseate her she us'd Pills or
the Nostrils so the like being pour'd into the Mouth often give help wherefore we often give with good success to Hysterical persons the Tincture of Castoreum Solutions of Assa Foetida and of Galbanum also the Spirits of Harts-horn and of Soot with appropriated Waters Take Spirit of Harts-horn from twelve drops to fifteen or twenty let them be taken in a little Draught of the following Julape Take Water of Penny-royal and Mugwort of each four Ounces Water of Bryony compound two Ounces Castoreum tyed in a Nodulus and hung in the Glass half a Dram double refined Sugar an Ounce Mix them Take Tincture of Castoreum from a Scruple to half a Dram let it be taken in a little Draught of Small-beer Take Assa Foetida or Galbanum two Drams let them be dissolved in Spirit of Wine till a red Tincture be extracted the Dose is a Scruple in two or three Spoonfuls of Water of Featherfew Riverius greatly extols that of Solenander Take Musk Dragons-blood of each a Scruple let more or less be taken in three or four Ounces of Water of Navews Johannes Anglicus commends the Seeds of Parsnips or of Columbines in Wine or an appropriated Water as most certain Remedies If the Fit continuing a long time renders the Person senseless or without any Pulse let smart Clysters as of the Roots of Briony with Carminatives boil'd with them in Water be injected let Frictions be us'd to the Legs and Feet and if we must proceed to stronger things let Cupping-glasses be applied to the Belly or Groin nay and let sneezing be often provok'd it is good for some to give them in the midst of the Fit a Draught of cold Water either simple or in which Camphire has burnt The preservatory Indication comprehends these three chief intents viz. First To take away or to drive to some place else the impurities of the Blood which are apt to be discharg'd on the Brain and Genus Nervosum Secondly To fortifie the Brain and so strengthen the Spirits in it that they either admit not at all the Heterogeneous Combination or readily shake it off Thirdly to amend whatsoever is amiss in the Womb and contributes to the Convulsive Disposition 1. The first Intention is perform'd by Purging and Bleeding and other common ways of Cleansing and Purging the Blood and Humours If there be room for a Vomit I Judge we must always begin with that especially in Cacochymical persons or such as are troubled with the longing disease in whom a mighty load of Viscous Phlegm sticking in the Folds and Coats of the Stomach hinders the vertues of other Medicines Within a few days after the Vomit unless somewhat indicates the contrary let Blood be drawn in Women of a hot temperament presently from the Arm and afterward if need be from the Foot or from the Veins of the Fundament by Leeches but in Bodies troubled with obstructions and less hot let Blood be drawn more sparingly and rarely and only in places seated below the Womb. After these evacuations provided always that they are indicated being duly perform'd let a Purge be given once within six or seven days according to the forms following Take Pil. Foetidae Majores a Dram and a half Rosin of Jalap twelve Grains Tartar Vitriolated Castoreum of each a Scruple Ammoniacum dissolved in Hysterick Water what suffices make twelve Pills for three Doses Or Take Rosin of Jalap eighteen Grains Calomelanos a Dram Castoreum a Scruple make a Powder divide it into three parts for three Doses give it in the Pap of a boil'd Aple or in Conserve of Borage To persons of a Hot temperament a dose of our Extract or Loosning Syrup may be properly given For the revulsion of the Morbisick matter from the Head an Issue in the Leg or Thigh and somtimes Vesicatories Ligatures and Painful Frictions are wont to be us'd Nor must we only have regard here to the cleansing of the Blood and to the Revulsion of its superfluous Dreggs from the Head but likewise to the alteration of its Liquor and the reducing of it to its due Crasis Wherefore in certain Hysterical persons Chalybeats prove beneficial in others Mineral Waters or Whey in some the use of Hot Baths are wont to do mighty good 2. The second intention viz. the rectifying of the Brain and of the Animal Spirits is perform'd by Cephalick and Particularly by Anticonvulsive Medicines and let them be carefully given almost every day when there is no Purging or Bleeding There being various kinds and ways of Administration of such Medicines I shall here give you some of the more choice forms of them Take Faecula of Briony Assa Foetida Castoreum of each a Dram Salt of Coral Amber and of Jupiter of each half a Dram Galbanum dissolv'd in Hysterick Water what suffices made a Mass the Dose is from half a Scruple to a Scruple Morning and Evening Drinking after it a Dose of an appropriated Liquor Or Take seeds of Wild Parsnips and of Nettles of each two Drams Vitriol of Mars a Dram extract of Gentian and Feverfew of each a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of a Syrup of Mugwort make a Mass let it be taken to half a Dram after the same manner If the form of a Powder be more grateful Take roots of Virginia Serpentary and Contrayerva of each a Dram and a half Coral prepar'd Pearl White Amber of each a Dram mix them make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram Morning and Evening with an appropriated Liquour Let Opiates be made after this manner Take Conserves of the Flowers of Lillies of the Valley Male Peony and Betony of each two Ounces Peony Seeds Red Coral prepar'd of each two Drams Powder of Bastard Dittany a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Citron Pills make an Electuary The Dose is Morning and Evening the quantity of a Nutmeg After the same manner to the Poor let Conserves of the Leaves of the Tree of Life or of the Leaves of Rue be given twice aday The Liquours appropriated to Hysterical affects and to be Drank after the foresaid Medicines are either Distilled Waters which may be taken by themselves or with others in the Form of a Julape or they are Decoctions or Tinctures and Infusions Take Water of Mugwort and Pennyroyal of each half a Pound Hysterick Water four Ounces Tincture of Castoreum half an Ounce Syrup of Coral an Ounce and a half mix them the Dose is from an Ounce to an Ounce and a half with any of the Medicines above prescribed Take Leaves of Penny-royal Feverfew both Southernwoods Calamint Nep both Horehounds of each a Handful Briony Roots four Ounces Parsnip-Seeds two Ounces being Slic't and Bruis'd pour to them of White-wine or Sider six pounds distil them according to Art Take roots of Male Peony Angelica Valerian of each half an Ounce Leaves of Mugwort Ground Pine Calamint Peny-royal Misteltoe
about the thirty fifth year of his Age the Disease growing worse he began to get Sleep with difficulty or very seldom by night and so in the day time to be troubled with a Fervency and Inconstancy of thoughts to be suspicious of all things and persons and to be Scar'd at every thing that came in his way the Praecordia seem'd to be very much Constring'd and Straitn'd and to fall in as though the Heart it self were deprest into the Belly which Symptom pressing him he became very sad and dejected in mind Yet afterward those affects of the mind remitting he plainly felt at once both the heart to be a little rais'd and the Praecordia to be Relax't and Dilated Moreover he had very frequently Pains and Contractions variously rais'd about the Muscles of the Viscera and Membranes and passing from one place to another He us'd a great many Remedies and Physical Administrations a long time for the Cure of this Affect but without any great good at length being somewhat relieved by the use of Mineral Waters and afterwards growing better by degrees he became free from those severe Symptoms tho' he still continues obnoxious to the Hypochondriacal Affect The Therapeutick Method to be us'd against Hypochondriacal Affects requires chiefly these four general Indications viz. First that the Impediments of the Cure be remov'd which intention chiefly regards the cleansing and keeping of the first Passages Secondly We must endeavour to correct the Obstructions or other disorders of the Spleen Thirdly we must see that the excrementitious Dregs of the Mass of Blood be Purg'd forth and that its due Crasis be restored Fourthly that the Irregularities of the Brain and Genus Nervosum and also of the Humour and Spirits residing in them contracted through the fault of the Blood and Spleen be amended or abolish't Since we must drive at many of these Intents together or at all of them let fit Seasons be chosen in which we may satisfie each of these purposes without any prejudice to or neglect of the Rest 1. As so the first Indication since a great Mass of crude or adust matter is wont to be heapt together in the first passages and since the Tone of the Stomack uses to be weaken'd and its Ferment to be variously perverted let us seasonably obviate these Evils of each kind with fit Remedies therefore mild and gentle Evacuations both by Vomit if it comes easily and by Seige ought to be given I advise those whose Stomack easily discharges its Contents upwards that once in a Month by taking the Liquor of Squills or Salt of Vitriol and drinking good store of Posset-drink or warm Water they cause themselves to Vomit several times In the interval of time let a gentle Purge and only lenitive be often given For this end the Pilul Tartareae Bontii or Stomac cum Gummis or our Solutive Pills may be used Take of the best Senna an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Epithymum three Drams Yellow-Saunders two Drams Salt of Wormwood two Drams Celtick-spike a Dram being sliced and bruised let them digest in White-wine and fumitory-Fumitory-water of each ten Ounces for twenty four hours let the clear straining evaporate by a gentle Bath-heat to the consistency of an Extract adding toward the end Powder of Senna Rhubarb and Cream of Tartar of each two Drams let them be bruised together in a Glass Mortar and reduced to a Consistency for Pills The Dose is from half a Dram to two Scruples or a Dram. The Remedies that regard the Tone and Ferment of the Stomach since they are manifold and of divers kinds let such as are most proper for the Constitution of each Stomach be chosen for with one Person bitter things with another Salt with others sharp or haply smart things best agree Of the number of these Medicines which are vulgarly called Digestives are Elixir Proprietatis Tinctura Sacra the Compound Powder of Aron Roots Salt of Wormwood Cream of Tartar Tartar Vitriolate Vitriol of Mars with many others Besides these inward Remedies outward applications also often give help For to a Stomach ill dispos'd a fomentation of White Wine with Wormwood Centory and other bitter Plants boil'd in it also Liniments or Plaisters often give relief of which it will not be needful to discourse particularly and to prescribe forms of those Medicines 2. The Indication that undertakes to amend the Faults of the Spleen whether the same be an Obstruction or a Tumour or Pain or a simple Dyscrasy is wont to be perform'd or at leastwise attempted by Remedies both inward and outward those that are of the former kind are coincident with those that are indicated in the third place to wit with which the purifying of the Blood is intended for since the chief or in a manner all of that which is brought into or carried out of the Spleen is by the conveyance of the Blood the Irregularities both of the blood 's Latex and of that Entral ought to be cured by an associated Operation the vertues of the Medicines being joyn'd together and we shall presently shew after what manner meanwhile some outward applications in the form of a Plaister or Liniment or Fomentation have a more near and immediate regard to the body of the Spleen and often give a mighty relief viz. in as much as they discuss the Tumours restore to Circulation the melancholy Filth there stagnating nay and appease and restrain the Corrugatious and Convulsive Affects of the Fibres There is a mighty store of these outward Medicaments to be found every where amongst Authors the choice of which in regard it ought to be ordered according to the various passions of the Spleen and the differing Constitutions of Patients it will not be expedient in this place to deliver particular forms of them 3. The Remedies indicated in the third place viz. such as take away the Dyscrasies of the Blood contracted by the Spleen and withal cleanse the primary taint of the Spleen are manifold and of a differing kind and condition the choice of which ought to be made according to the various taint of this and of the other Of these some are more compounded to be prepared according to the prescript of a Physician as Electuaries Powders Apozems Tinctures Infusions and the like others are more simple as Whey Asses Milk Spaws and hot Bath Waters There are two chief Cases of sick persons in which Magisterial Remedies ought to be accommodated according to their strength and qualities viz. either the Blood is thick coldish and earthy with an Obstruction of the Spleen which requires hot fermenting and especially chalybeat Medicines or the Blood being manifestly adust and intensely hot ferments above measure and withal the Hypochondres are in a great trouble and the Blood and Vapours boyl in them in which state only temperate Remedies are indicated for appensing the fervency and immoderate Fermentation of the humours where Chalybeats are altogether to be shun'd When therefore to a cold
Stomach cold Dyscrasies also of the Blood and Spleen are joyn'd I use to prescribe according to the following forms Take Troches of Rhubarb Powder of Aron Roots Winters bark of each two Drams Roots of Virginia Serpentary Contrayerva Diatrion Santalon Crabs-eyes of each a Dram Extract of Gentian and Centory of each a Dram and a half Ammoniacum dissolved in Water of Earth-worms what suffices make a Mass for Pills let four Pills be taken in the Morning and at four a Clock in the Afternoon drinking after it a little Draught of Wormwood or Chalybeat Wine with a moderate Exercise Take Conserve of the Yellow Coats of Oranges and Lemons of each three Ounces Myrobalanes Condited in number two Species Aromatici Rosats Winters bark of each two Drams Salt of Wormwood two Drams Vitriol of Mars a Dram or Steel prepar'd three Drams with a sufficient quantity of the Juice of Citron-Pills make an Electuary let it be taken twice a day drinking after it a Draught of Wormwood-wine or of Wine in which the Bark or Flowers of Tamarisk are infus'd To those that like none but nice Medicines and in a small quantity you may properly give the Tinctures of Antimony of Coral also of Steel prepar'd with Spirit of Wine the Body being first open'd by fit Menstruums and brought to a Calx nay and I have known that Spirit of Soot also of Blood or of Harts-horn taken twice a day to twelve drops more or less in an appropriated Liquor have proved mighty beneficial above any other Medicines Again the assiduous drinking of Coffee and of Tea has done some very much good But if a Fervency and over-great Fermentation of the Blood be joyn'd to the Hypochondriacal Affect with a fervent heat of the Spleen and a restlesness of mind Take Conserve of Hips six Ounces or of Flowers of Tamarisk and Leaves of Wood-sorrel of each three Ounces Species Diarrhodon Abbatis the Confection of Alkermes of each a Dram Ivory Powdered a Dram and a half Pearl half a Dram Salt of Tamarisk and of Wormwood of each a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Juice of Citrons or of Clove Gilliflowers Make an Opiate let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken twice a day Take Ivory Powdered two Drams Pearl powdered a Dram Species Diarrhodon Abbatis and Diamargariti frigidi of each a Dram and a half make a subtle Powder add of double refined Sugar dissolved in Baulm Water and boiled to a Consistency for Tablets six Ounces Make Tablets according to Art Take from a Dram and a half to two Drams twice a day Or to other Medicines of the like kind let the use of spaw-Spaw-waters be joyn'd which indeed in either nay in any cases of Hypochondriack Melancholy are in a manner always taken with good Success For waâ— of these Waters let our Artificial Spaw Waters be taken in thâ—â— stead nay and let Whey and if there be a considerable Atrophia let Asses Milk be daily taken Besides these inward Remedies and the other outward Applications above mentioned let Bleeding or Drawing of Blood from the Vessels of the Fundament by Leeches be frequently used nay and it is proper sometimes according to the Prescripts of the Antients to open the Salvatella Vein Moreover Cauteries and Issues which continually derive forth the Recrements of the adust Blood and discharge them by little and little are wont to do good to all 4. The Fourth Indication having regard to the Affects or Convulsive Symptoms of the Brain and Genus Nervosum which ensue upon the former is seldom put in practice by it self and apart from the others but the Remedies appointed for this end are complicated with those above written Liquors endowed with a volatile or Armoniack Salt as Spirit of Harts-horn of Soot are very proper for this intent and often likewise for the others even now mentioned Wherefore let such Remedies unless somewhat indicates the contrary be daily given at a seasonable hour Moreover when the Spaw Waters are Drunk let Tablets or Pills such as are above prescrib'd for Convulsive Affects be taken at least twice a day In a frequent giddiness and Scotomia also in Passions of the Heart Faintings of the Spirits with a fear and a dread as it were of present Death I have known a mighty Cure often performed by the use of Chalybeat Medicines Of Chalybeate Medicines SInce mention is here made of Chalybeate Medicines it seems expedient to enquire into the various Preparations of them and consequently into the divers sorts of Affects which they are wont to produce in the Body of Man that hence it may appear by what means and on what accounts these or other Preparations of Iron mightily benefit some Hypochondriacal persons and very much injure others Steel or Iron consists chiefly of Salt Sulphur and Earth it has very little of Spirit and Water and the Particles of the former Elements especially the Sulphureous and Saline in the mixt combin'd together with the Earth remain wholly fixt and without Action but being loosed and divided from each other they have a very efficacious Energy The foresaid Particles are dissolv'd and set at Liberty for Action two ways viz. either by Art when Medicines are prepared or by Nature after they are inwardly taken We shall consider both 1. The Filing of Iron inwardly taken is dissolved by the Ferment of the Stomach as by an acid Menstruum and upon the Iron 's being dissolved within the Viscera of Concoction the active Particles both Sulphureous and Saline plentifully display themselves and mixing with the nutritive Juice are carried into the Blood and as they are of a differing virtue often both of them as it were by joint Forces conspire for the good of the Diseased The Sulphureous Corpuscles passing into the Blood furnish it with a new and more plentiful stock of Sulphur so that its Mass if it were before depauperated and effaete ferments more sprightly within its Vessels and being more kindled in the Heart acquires a Heat more intense and a deeper colour Thus many troubled with a Leucophlegmatia and the longing Disease whose Countenance is pale and whose Blood is cold and watery after the use of Steel soon become of a more florid Aspect the Blood being given a more intense Tincture and Heat Again upon the Filing of Iron being dissolved in the Stomach the Saline Particles also are displayed and often produce good effects both in the solid parts and the Humours for being of a vitriolick and stiptick nature they astringe and corroborate the over Lax and weaken'd Fibres of the Viscera and so restore their broken Tone Moreover they stop the Impetus of the Blood repress it s over boiling and rising to a Froth and keep it in an even Circulation And again which is their greatest Virtue they straiten and close the over lax open and gaping Mouths of the Arteries so that neither the Serum nor bloody Latex may distil forth or break off the thread of Circulation
or tender Constitution may take Wine of Squills or Gilla Theophrasti which being given in a small Dose let them drink a great quantity of Whey after it and then the Ventricle being filled to a nauseousness let a gentle Vomit be raised by putting the Finger or a Feather into the Throat and let it be sometimes repeated as the person sees good By this manner of Vomiting the meer Contents of the Stomach are cleans'd from its folds and purg'd forth neither are painful or Convulsive Twitchings caused in other adjacent Viscera or Membranes with a Swooning as it usually happens after Stybiate Medicines To those whose Stomach by reason of an ill Digestion soon gathers together a heap of Phlegm or of other degenerate matter I have ordered that they procure once a Month such a Vomit as being safe and wholsom Where Vomiting has no place you must begin with Purging at least some days being allowed betwixt whiles let this evacuation succeed the other What has been formerly inculcated by Authors concerning the preparation of the Humours I judge either to be superfluous or wholly erroneous the Circulation of the Blood being not then understood but instead of that intention let Medicines restoring the Ferments of the Viscera and altering the Crasis of the Blood be substituted Mean while for clearing away the Filth of the first passages and the Excrementitious superfluities of the Blood and Nervous Liquour first let a mild and gentle Purge be ordered and afterward according as the Patient bears it let it be repeated either once within a week or oftner or seldomer and let the strength of the Medicine be proportion'd according to the success of the first Dose For this end Pills Potions Apozemes Electuaries Powders and many other forms of Medicines are wont to be prescrib'd If the Constitution of the Diseas'd be hot and the Scurvy seems to be founded in the Adust viz. the Sulphureo-saline Dyscrasie of the Blood let all Medicines of Aloes and Diagridium be avoided and let only the more temperate be given of Sena Rhubarb and other things that do not exagitate the Blood Take Leaves of Sena an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Epithimum three Drams Roots of Polipody of the Oak and of English Rhubarb dryed of each half an Ounce yellow Saunders two Drams Celtick-spike half a Dram Salt of wormwoed two Drams being slic't and bruis'd let them digest in a Matrace by a Sand heat with White-wine and fumitory-Fumitory-water of each a Pound or with our Magistral Antiscorbutick-water two Pounds for two days let the clear Straining evaporate by a gentle Bath heat to the consistency of Hony then add Powder of the Leaves of Sena and Rhubarb of each a Dram and a half Species Diatrion Santalon a Dram Cream of Tartar a Dram and a half make a Mass for Pills the Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram. Or let such an Infusion be prepar'd which let evaporate by a gentle heat to the consistency of a Syrup adding towards the end Manna pass'd through a Searce and double refin'd Sugar of each two Ounces make a Syrup the Dose is from a Spoonful to two with a fit Vehicle Or let four or six Ounces of such like Tincture be given for a Dose adding Cream of Tartar half a Dram and if there be need of Sweetning Syrup of Apples three Drams Or to the Tincture prescrib'd let six Ounces of cleans'd Corinths be put and let there be a warm Digestion till the Corinths swell which being taken forth let the Liquour evaporate to the consistency of a Syrup adding Sugar and Manna past through a Searce of each a Dram and a half then the Corinths being put in again let the Medicine be kept in a Glaz'd Vessel well stopt the Dose is from a Spoonful to two Or to the Tincture prescrib'd evaporated to a half add fresh Cassia Pulp of Tamarinds extracted with antiscorbutick-Antiscorbutick-water of each three Ounces Conserve of Violets and of Damask Roses of each two Ounces the greater Compound Powder of Sena a Dram Rhubarb powdred half an Ounce Cream of Tartar Species Diatrion Santalon of each two Drams let them be bruis'd together in a Stone-mortar till they are brought to the form of an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Wallnut more or less according to the operation For those whose quaint Stomach will not receive any Medicines but in a small quantity and nicely prescrib'd Take Rosin of Scammony from four Grains to eight Cream of Tartar half a Scruple Celtick-spike six Grains mix them make a Powder let it be given in a Spoonful of Panada or let it be made into Pills To those that are troubled with the Scurvy and are of a cold Constitution and the Disease seems to be founded in a Nitro-sulphureous Disposition of the Blood resembling ropy Wine let smart Catharticks and such as are endow'd with hot Particles be given Take Pil. Stomac cum Gum. two Drams Rosm of Jalap twenty Grains Tartar vitriolated sixteen Grains Oyl of Juniper half a Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Ammoniacum dissolv'd in Water of Earth-worms make sixteen Pills let four be taken at a time once a week Take Bontius's Pills of Tartar a Dram and a half Rosin of Jalap twelve Grains Salt of Tartar half a Scruple with a sufficient quantity of Syrupus Angustanus make twelve Pills Take Extract of Pil Ruffi a Dram Extract of black Hellebore a Scruple Salt of Tartar half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Ammoniacum dissolv'd make nine Pills let three be taken at a Dose Take Leaves of Sena an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Mechoacan Gummous Turbith of each half an Ounce Threads of black Hellebore three Drams Salt of Tartar two Ounces yellow Saunders a Dram and a half Winters-bark two Drams being slic't and bruis'd let them digest in two Pounds of White-wine for two days strain it off clear without pressing it let it be taken either by it self from five Ounces to six or let it be made into an Extract or Syrup or Electuary as the Tincture above prescrib'd adding Pulvis Arthriticus or Diasena what suffices c. Or Let a Tincture of this kind be prepar'd which may be given to robust Men to the quantity of a Spoonful or of a Spoonful and a half Take Salt of Tartar an Ounce small Spirit of Wine a Pound and a half let them digest till it turns yellow To this being pour'd of the Faeces by inclination infuse Leaves of black Hellebore macerated in Vinegar an Ounce yellow Saunders a Dram the yellow Coats of Oranges a Dram and a half make a warm and close Digestion for three days Let the clear Straining be distil'd in Balneo to a half let the remaining Liquour be kept for use Take Roots of sharp pointed Dock Polipody of the Oak stinging Nettles Chervil of each six Drams Leaves of Agrimony Speedwel of each a handful white and yellow Saunders of each a Dram and a half bastard Saffron an Ounce Tartar of
Sugar of each three Ounces Troches of Capers and of Rhubarb of each two Drams Salt of Wormwood and of Scurvy-grass of each a Dram Ivory Powdered Coral Calcined of each a Dram with a sufficient quantity of syrup of the Juice of Scurvy-grass Make an Electuary I use to prescribe the Conserves of the outward Coats of Limons and Oranges also of the purple Flowers of the Ash-tree of the Leaves and Flowers of Lady-smocks of the Roots of sharp pointed Docks and of English Rhubarb to be prepared with an equal quantity of Sugar which being mixt between themselves or with other Conserves and Species enter these kinds of Electuaries Take Conserves of the Yellow-coats of Oranges and Limons of Flowers of the Ash of each two Ounces Powder of the Roots of Contrayerva a Dram and a half of the lesser Galingal half a Dram Roots of Aron two Drams Species of Aromaticum Rosatum a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrupe of the Confiture of Nutmegs make an Electuary The Dose of these kinds of Medicines is the quantity of a Nutmeg drinking after it an appropriated Liquor To Rusticks and poor People by whom Medicines easily prepar'd and cheaper are desir'd I prescribe after this manner Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brooklimes of each four Ounces double refin'd Sugar eight Ounces let them be bruis'd together in a Mortar adding Powder of Winters Bark half an Ounce Tartar Calcin'd with Nitre three Drams with a sufficient quantity of Spanish Wine let them be made into an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg twice a day drinking after it an appropriated Liquor Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass a pound Raisins ston'd double refin'd Sugar of each half a pound Faecula of the Roots of Horse-raddish two Ounces let them be bruis'd together in a Mortar and made into the Form of an Electuary The Dose is the quantity of a Wall-nut twice or thrice a day Confections TAke Powder of Aron Roots compound an Ounce Winters-bark Powdred half an Ounce Species Diatrion Santalon Troches of Capers of each two Drams Salt of Wormwood and of Scurvy-grass of each a Dram and a half the Yellow Coats of Oranges preserv'd three Ounces let them be bruised together in a Mortar then add of double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of Water of Earth-worms three Ounces make a Confection according to Art Take Roots of Eringo and Scorzonera preserv'd of each two Drams Wallnuts preserv'd and Mirobalanes Condited of each in number two the Electuary of Sassaphras six Drams Powder of Cubebs and Cardamoms of each two Drams Powder of the Roots of Zedoaria and Angelica of each a Dram and a half Salt of Woormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Confiture of Wallnuts make a Confection Take Powder of China Roots of the Wood Sassaphras of each half an Ounce Yellow and White Saunders of each two Drams Seeds of Rocket Cubebs Garden-cresses Grains of Paradise of each a Dram and a half Species of Dialacca Cinnamon Orrice the lesser Galingal of each a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams Conserve of the Yellow Coats of Oranges and Sugar of Rosemary Flowers dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of Water of Snails of each three Ounces make a Confection according to art the Dose is the quantity of a Nutmeg twice a day drinking after it an appropriated Liquor In some cases of the Scurvy where the use of Steel is indicated either let three Drams of Steel prepar'd with Sulphur or two Drams of Vitriol of Mars be added to each of the prescripts either to the Confection or to the Electuary and after the taking of the Medicines once or twice a day let the body be exercis'd according as the strength will bear Powders TAke Powder of Aron Compound an Ounce and a half Winters Bark half an Ounce Cubebs Grains of Paradise Cardamoms of each two Drams Salt of Wormwood three Drams Tablets of Oranges three Ounces make a Powder the Dose is a Dram in an appropriated Liquor To the foresaid Powder add Kernels of the Indian Chocholate Nut half a Pound let them be brought into a Mass or Paste in a warm Mortar The Dose is two Drams after the manner that the confection of Chocolate is taken viz. in Fountain Water with the leaves of Rosemary or of Betony or the Root of Scorzonera or also the shaving of Ivory or of Harts-horn boyl'd in it Pills FOr those to whom a Medicine in a less Dose and in a form of Pills is more pleasing Take Roots of Virginia Serpentary of Contrayerva of each two Drams Winters Bark Cubebs Rocket Seeds of each three Drams Salt of Wormwood and of Scurvy-Grass of each a Dram and a half Extract or Rob of Juniper half an Ounce with a sufficient quantity of Syrupe of the Confiture of Nutmegs make a Mass The Dose is four Pills twice a day drinking after it an appropriated Liquor Tablets FOr nice persons let Tablets or Tragaea's be prescrib'd after this manner Take Powder of Winters Bark of Crabs eyes of each a Dram and a half Pearl powdred half a Dram double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in a sufficient quantity of water of Earth-worms and Boyl'd to a Consistency for Tablets Six Ounces Spirit of Scurvy-grass two Drams make Tablets according to Art each weighing half a Dram. Let about half a Dram be taken twice a day drinking after it an appropriated Liquor Tablets of Oranges which are to be sold by the Oxford Apothecaries TAke Rinds of Oranges Limons Citrons preserv'd of each an Ounce preserv'd Eringoes half an Ounce Pine-Nut Kernels Fistick Nuts of each twenty Sweet Almonds blancht in number ten Annise Seed Powdred half an Ounce Ginger Candied two Ounces Species of Aromaticum Rosatum Nutmegs of each a Dram and a half Roots of Galingal a Dram Cloves in number ten Ambergreice four Grains Musk Civet of each two Grains double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in rose-Rose-water and Boyl'd to a Consistency for Tablets a Pound and a half make Tablets according to Art So much of Medicines which are wont to be given to Scorbutical Persons in a solid form or in a gross substance and that their vertue may be convey'd the better into the Mass of Blood and with more benefit Liquids are prescrib'd for the most part to be drank after them Though there be a great variety of these and a diversifyed way of their composition yet the chief and most usual are such as we have hinted before and of each of which we shall now give you forms Decoctions THough Decoctions are a very familiar kind of Liquid Medicines yet they are seldom us'd in the Scurvy because the Simples which chiefly do good in this Disease lose their vertues which they have from the volatile Salt by Boyling Nevertheless because remedies are easily and soon prepar'd after this manner they ought sometimes to be admitted nay and experience has shewn that some of them are efficacious For
Rusticks and poor people this Medicine of a very easie preparation is commended by many Take Leaves of Water-cresses three handfuls of the lesser Sorrel two handfuls being slic't let them be macerated in six Pounds of Milk and let them boil to a consumption of a third part let it be taken twice a day from four Ounces to eight The Decoction of Worm-wood is commended by Eugalenus and others I have often tryed the following Medicine with good success Take Broom tops three handfuls being slic't small let them boil in three Pounds of strong Beer to a half let it be given from two Ounces to three twice a day 2. Infusions AN Infusion added to a Decoction makes a very profitable Medicine Take Roots of Scorzonera and Chervil of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony and Ground-pine of each half a handful burnt Harts-horn two Drams Raisins half a handful set them boil in three Pounds of Fountain-water till a third part be consumed Add of Rhenish-wine half a Pound and presently let it be strain'd into a glass Vessel to which put Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brook-limes bruis'd of each half a handful Orange Pills preserv'd and slic't small half an Ounce make a close and warm Infusion for six hours let the straining be kept in stopt Vessels The Dose is six Ounces twice a day after a solid Medicine Take Whey made with White-wine or Cider a Pound and a half in this boil Roots of Bur-dock and candied Eringo's of each six Drams Juniper-berries preserv'd half an Ounce Let the Liquour being boil'd away to the consumption of a third part be strain'd into a Flagon to which put Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brook-limes of each a handful make a warm and close Infusion for six hours The Dose is half a Pound twice a day after a solid Medicine Infusions also made by themselves are sometimes of excellent use Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass a handful Raspings of the Root of Horse-raddish half a handful Winters-bark bruis'd two Drams let them be put in a Glass with White-wine or Cider and water of Scurvy-grass of each a Pound let them infuse in a Cellar for two or three days The Dose is from six Ounces to eight twice a day as above 3. Juices and Expressions THE most commendable use of Antiscorbutick Herbs and Fruits is that their Juices and Expressions be taken by themselves or with other appropriated Liquours twice or thrice a day For so the entire and pure Vertue of the Remedy is presum'd to be given Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass Water-cresses Brook-limes of each three handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth and be kept in a Glass well stopt The Dose is from an Ounce and a half to three Ounces twice a day in a little draught of Beer Wine or distil'd Water Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass four handfuls of Wood-sorrel two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be exprest which being put in a Glass and well stopt will soon become clear for the Acidity of the Wood-sorrel precipitates the grosser parts of the Scurvy-grass The same thing comes to pass if the Juice of Oranges be mixt with the Juice of Scurvy-grass The Dose is two or three Ounces twice a day Takes Leaves of Scurvy-grass four handfuls of Brook-limes and Garden-cresses of each two handfuls long Pepper three Drams Raspings of Horse-raddish two Ounces being all bruis'd together let them be put in a Glaz'd Pot with two Pounds of Rhenish-wine or of Sack if it be thought better The Orifice being well stopt let them stand in a cold Cellar for two days then express it strongly the Dose is three Ounces twice a day after a solid Medicine Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass three handfuls of Brook-limes Garden-cress and Wood-sorrel of each a handful being bruis'd pour to them Water of Snails and of Earth-worms of each six Ounces make a strong Expression and keep it in a Glass well stopt The Dose is two Ounces twice a day 4. Syrups FOR the same reason as Decoctions Syrups also are disapprov'd of in the Scurvy viz. in as much as the vertue of the most efficacious Simples evaporates in boyling Yet because sometimes there seems need of such a Medicine for sweetning appropriated Medicines for some persons we shall here propose our preparation the Vertues of the Ingredients being preserv'd as much as may be Therefore take Leaves of Garden Scurvy-grass six handfuls the Coats of four Oranges and of two Limons thinly par'd off the Raspings of Raddish-roots half a handful long Pepper powdred three Drams all of them being bruis'd together let the Juice be exprest which presently being put in a Glass and well stopt let it be set in a cold Cellar till it becomes clear by subsiding Then let the clear Liquour be pour'd off into another Glass by inclination and being stopt let it be kept in the heat of a Balneum Mariae Mean while for each Ounce of it take of Sugar an Ounce and a half and let its whole quantity dissolv'd with a little Water of Earth-worms be boil'd to a consistency for Tablets to which presently let the foresaid Liquour whilst warm be pour'd by little and little and let it be stir'd with a Spatula assoon as it is incorporated let the composition be taken from the Fire and being cold let it be put into a Glass Let this Nodulus be hung in the Glass Take Cinnamon bruis'd a Dram and a half Seeds of Garden-cress and of Rocket powdred of each an Ounce mix them 5. Distil'd Waters DIstil'd Waters because they are a neat and pleasant Remedy are in a manner all in all amongst Antiscorbutick prescripts some very profitable and neat Dispensations of these are contained in our Dispensatory as are Radish-water compound the Magistral Waters of Snails and of Earth-worms Moreover there are famous Prescripts of these kinds of Waters delivered by Quercetan Dorncrelius Sennertus Doringius and other Authors It 's also easie for every Physitian to prescribe such appropriated to the condition of each Patient as occasion requires For Antiscorbutick Ingredients and likewise such as regard certain Accidents and particular Affects are taken to which being slic't and bruis'd a fit Liquour viz. White-wine Cider or Whey prepar'd of either is pour'd Then the whole mixture is distil'd in a Cucurbit or in a Rose-still I shall here give you a form or two of such as we commonly use Take Leaves of both Scurvy-grasses Brook-limes Water-cresses tops of Broom of each four handfuls Leaves of Germander and Ground-pine of each two handfuls Roots of Horse-raddish half a Pound of Aron Angelica Master-wort of each four Ounces the outward Coats of four Oranges and of as many Limons Roots of Calamus Aromaticus an Ounce Cinnamon Cloves of each half an Ounce being slic't and bruis'd pour to them of the best Cider eight Pounds let them digest for two days in a Glaz'd Pot close luted Afterward distil them in a common Distillatory let the Waters first and last drawn be mixt In the Winter season
bruised of each a Dram and a half Roots of Bastard-Dittany and of Male-Peony of each a Dram and a half Salt of Tamerisk two Drams with a sufficient quantity of the Gelly of Harts-horn or of the cast skins of Snakes Make a Mass Tablets TAke Species Diatrion Santalon and Diamargariti Frigidi of each a Dram and a half Pearl powdered red Coral prepar'd Ivory powdered of each a Dram Sugar dissolved in scordium-Scordium-water and boiled to a Consistency for Tablets six Ounces Make Tablets according to Art But if with those kinds of temperate Antiscorbuticks the use of Steel be indicated to the Electuary or to the Confection or also to the Mass of Pills let two Drams of Mynsicht's Magistery of Mars or of Extract of Steel of our preparation be added In some cases about two Drams and a half or three Drams of Crocus Martis may be added to such a Composition though it is often better to make the Liquors which are drank after solid Medicines Chalybeate than the foresaid Compositions It remains for us now to prescribe forms of Liquors Decoctions IN a Scurvy raised after a long Fever these kinds of Decoctions which purifie the Blood and plentifully move Urine are given with good effect Take Roots of Chervil Scorzonera Sorrel Stone-Parsley of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony and Harts-tongue of each a Handful burnt Harts-horn two Drams Parings of three Apples Corinths two Ounces Liquorice three Drams Let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed add Sal Prunella two or three Drams The Dose is four Ounces twice or thrice a day Take Eringo Roots preserv'd six Drams of Grass two Drams Leaves of Clivers two handfuls Agrimony and Liverwort of each a handful Raisins two Ounces white Saunders a Dram Liquorice two Drams let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed The Dose is six Drams after a solid Medicine To Rusticks and poor People lest after a Fever they fall into the Scurvy I use to prescribe That twice a day they take the following Draught viz. That they boil a handful and a half of the Roots and Leaves of Dandelion in a Pound and a half of Posset-Drink till a third part be consumed Strain it for two Doses Or take Roots of Dandelion half a handful Seeds of Citrons and of Carduus of each a Dram let them boil in Posset-drink made with Apples or a Pound and a half of Cyder till a third part be consum'd Infusions The Apozems even now prescrib'd will become more excellent against the Scurvy if being prepar'd without Licorice they are strain'd into a Flaggon into which are put Leaves of Brook-limes and of Water-cresses or Cuckow-flowers of each a handful then make a warm and close Infusion for six hours the Liquour being strain'd again let it be kept in stopt Vessels The Dose is six Ounces twice or thrice a day Also let Whey with the Roots of Dandelion and the Leaves of Fumitory boil'd in it be strain'd into a Vessel wherein are Leaves of Brook-limes and of small Celandine of each a handful make an Infusion c. Chalibeat Infusions are wont to be frequently in use viz. the Salt Magristery or Extract of Steel are infus'd in some Decoction or distil'd Water Moreover as natural Spaw-waters so also Artificial ones of our preparation of Steel dissolv'd in Fountain-water and impregnated with the Infusion of Antiscorbuticks are drank with great benefit Juices and Expressions TAke Leaves of Brook-limes and Water-cresses of each four handfuls of Wood-sorrel two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth being stopt in a Glass it will soon become clear by subsiding The Dose is from an Ounce and a half to two Ounces with a fit Vehicle Take Leaves of Brook-limes four handfuls stalks of English-rhubarb two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth Take Leaves of Brook-limes Garden-cress Cuckow-flower the lesser Celandine Wood-sorrel of each two handfuls being bruis'd let the Juice be prest forth add Juice of Oranges a fourth part let it be kept in a Glass Syrups AS often as a Syrup is requir'd to be added to any other Composition we use either Syrup of the Juice of Wood-sorrel or of Fumitory or of Coral compound Or also a Magistral Syrup may be prepar'd of the Juice of Brook-limes after the same manner as is prescrib'd above concerning the Juice of Scurvy-grass Distil'd Waters TEmperate Distil'd Waters are prepar'd by changing either the Ingredients or the Menstruum or both of them together As to the former we proceed after this mnner Take Leaves of Brook-limes Garden-cress Fumitory Harts-tongue Liver-wort Bawm tops of Tamarisk and of Cypress of each three handfuls all the Saunders bruis'd of each half an Ounce Roots of sharp pointed Dock of Polipody of the Oak of each two Ounces the outward Coats of four Oranges Snails cleans'd two Pounds being slic't and bruis'd pour to them Whey made with Cider six Pounds let them be distil'd in a common Still 2. When the Menstruum is weak let the Ingredients be moderately hot Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass Brook-limes Cuckow-flower Garden-cress of each three handfuls Rinds of four Oranges Snails a Pound being slic't small pour to them common Whey or fresh Milk six Pounds distill them after the vulgar manner 3. In a Scorbutick Atrophia and Consumptive Disposition where nothing hot that may stir the Blood and Humours and Spirits ought to be admitted let both the Ingredients and Menstruum be temperate and lenifiers of the Blood Take Leaves of Brook-limes Cuckow-flower Harts-tongue Maiden-hair Liver-wort Speedwel Agrimony of each two handfuls Snails cleans'd a Pound and a half or the Pulp of a Capon or of a Sheeps-heart slic't all being half boil'd and slic't pour to them of fresh Milk or Water of Fumitory six Pounds let them be distil'd the common way Physick-wines and Beers Though the use of Wines may not seem proper in a Scurvy rais'd by reason of a hot or Sulphureo-saline Dyscrasie of the Blood nevertheless if at any time the Stomach either being weak or a long accustomance require the drinking of Wine at leastwise being diluted with Water a Eiquour of that kind being both temperate and in some measure Physical may be prepar'd For especially small Wines diluted with Water and impregnated with the Infusion of Bawm Borrage or of Burnet or other things ought to be allow'd Moreover let Wines be prepar'd of the Juice of English Corinths Cherries and other horary Fruits which when they are brought to a ripeness by Fermentation are very grateful to the Stomach and purifie the Blood Again Cider the familiar and genuine Wine as it were of our Country so it be clean mellow and pleasant without any sharpness does very much good in the Scurvy Moreover in this Liquour drawn from the Lees and put in small Vessels Ingredients of various kinds may be infus'd Of which kind are tops of the Pine-tree or of Fir
every sixth hour with a Scorbutick Water or with the Decoction of the Roots and Seeds of the great Burr Dock as it is above describ'd or also with Posset-Drink having the Roots and Seeds of the great Bur Dock and the Leaves of sweet Marjoram and Saxifrage Boyl'd in it and the leaves of Scurvy-grass infus'd In the Scorbutick Colick also in the affects of the Stomack even now describ'd the use of Purging Spaw Waters such as we have at Epsom and Barnet often proves of an excellent effect Of the Diarrhaea or Loosness and Dysenterical Affects AN inveterate Loosness such as frequently happens to Scorbutical Persons ought by no means to be stopt with astringent Medicines nor is it easily cured by altering Medicines or by Antiscorbuticks Spaw-waters impregnated with Iron or Vitriol are the best Remedy for this Affect Next these are Artificial Spaws or Chalybeate Medicines which are wont to give a mighty relief Crocus Martis duely prepared is justly preferr'd before all others I have often used the following Method with good Success In the first place Let a Purge be ordered of the Powder or Infusion of Rhubarb with the addition of Aromatick Astringents and now and then let it be repeated viz. within the space of three or four days on the other days let a Dose of the following Electuary to the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken in the Morning and at four of the Clock Take Conserve of Common Wormwood made with an equal part of Sugar six Ounces in a hot Constitution instead of this let Conserve of Red Roses be taken Species Diarrhodon Abbatis two Drams white and red Saunders powdered of each a dram the best Crocus Martis half an Ounce with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Steel make an Electuary In Dysenterical Affects and the Tenesmus you must proceed after the like method especially let spaw-Spaw-waters be drank if it may be Moreover let Glysters prepar'd of vulnerary Decoctions be frequently used I lately Cured a certain person troubled with a long continued and dangerous Bloody Flux who had daily voided many Ounces of Blood by Siege for a long time with this Remedy Take of the best Rhubarb powdered an Ounce red Saunders powdered two Drams Cinamon a Dram Crocus Martis three Drams Lucatellus Balsom what suffices make a Mass for Pills He took four Pills sometimes every day sometimes every other day for a Fortnight and was perfectly cured To this person also I prescrib'd a Physick Beer of the Infusion of the Roots of sharp pointed Dock and the Leaves of Brooklimes to be constantly taken Of Giddines and Swooning and other Affects usually joyned with it in the Scorbutick Affect A Giddiness often happens upon an inveterate Scurvy to which also a frequent Swooning and almost a continual danger of it and likewise a numness in the Members and a sense of Formication running sometimes in one place and sometimes in another are wont to be joyned which kind of Affects proceed from the failings of the Animal Spirits in their Origine it self and sometimes from the failings of the same with the Nerves both belonging to the Heart and to the Members that serve for motion and in regard thy depend on the Brain and the Genus Nervosum their being very much over-charged with a Scorbutick Salt they are not easily cured Cephalick Remedies such as are proper in a Giddiness and Paralytick Affects raised by themselves ought to be given with Antiscorbuticks mixt with them therefore in the first place a Provision being made for the whole by fit Catharticks and such as are proper in the Scurvy you may proceed after this manner with appropriated Remedies against the foresaid Affects About the beginning of the Cure let Blood be drawn from the Vessels of the Fundament by Leeches and unless somewhat indicates the contrary let it be frequently repeated afterward Take Powder of the Root of Male-Peony half an Ounce red Coral prepar'd two Drams mans Scull Elks-hoof of each a Dram Take double refined Sugar dissolved in peony-Peony-water Compound or in the Water of Horse-raddish and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets eight Ounces Oyl of Amber excellently rectified half a Dram Make Tablets according to Art Take to a Dram and a half or two Drams Morning and Evening drinking after it a Draught of the following distill'd Water Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass Brooklimes Water-cresses Lillies of the Valley Sage Rosemary Betony of each three handfulls green Wallnuts a Pound the Rinds of six Oranges and four Lemons fresh Roots of Male-Peony a Pound and a half being sliced and bruised pour to them of the Phlegm of Vitriol a Pound Whey made with Cyder five Pounds let them the distill'd after the common way let the whole Liquour be mixt together The Dose is from three Ounces to four Of Haemorrhagies Haemorrhagies often threaten a mighty danger in the Scorbutick butick Affect the Diseased being thereby thrown headlong as it were into the Jaws of Death whil'st the Blood breaks froth almost to a Swooning sometimes from the Nostrils sometimes by the Menses or Haemorrhoids Moreover being sometimes cast up from the Lungs or Stomach it gives us a Suspicion of an Ulcer or at leastwise of a great weakness lying hid in the part affected Wherefore excretions of Blood if they are either immoderate or happen in an improper place ought to be stopt for the present and prevented for the future For stopping Blood when it breaks forth immoderately the method is vulgarly enough known and there remains nothing more or peculiar to be done when happening in this Affect by reason of the Scurvy than on other Occasions But yet to prevent Haemorrhagies let Remedies be administred which take away the Acrimony of the Blood and constringe the over-lax and gaping Mouths of the Vessels both intents are excellently perform'd by Chalybeate Medicines the use of Vitriolick Spaw-waters is very proper for this purpose Moreover Infusions Extracts Salts and the like Preparations of Steel which contain chiefly the saline or vitriolick part of the Iron are always very profitable against Haemorrhagies We have shewn before by what means Iron and its preparations produce these effects and divers others in Human Bodies Take Conserves of Red Roses and of the Wild Rose of each three Ounces Species Diarrhodon Abbatis and Diatrion Santalon of each a Dram and a half Salt of Steel a Dram Crocus Martis excellently prepar'd two Drams Red Coral prepar'd a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrupe of Steel make an Electuary let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken thrice a day drinking after it a draught of an Appropriated Liquor To poor people I use to prescribe thus Take tops of Cypress and of stinging Nettles of each four Ounces Brooklimes two Ounces let them be bruised in a Mortar with ten Ounces of double refined Sugar then add Scales of Iron very finely powdered an Ounce Powder of white and red Saunders of each two Drams with a sufficient quantity of the Syrup of
Against the Marasmus caus'd through the fault of the Blood degenerated from its Crasis Asses or Cows Milk diluted with Barley Water or a proper distill'd Water often give help Snail Broaths or Milk Drinks with Snals boyl'd in them moreover Waters distill'd of Milk or Whey with Snails and temperate Antiscorbutick Herbs are greatly conducing in this case For this end also Decoctions of vulnerary Herbs and Antiscorbutick Herbs infus'd in them are taken with good success Mean while let frictions be daily us'd to the outward parts with Cloaths moistned and made Warm with Vnguenticum Resumptivum or fresh oyl of Almonds When an Atrophia arises through the fault of the Blood being affected and consequently perverting the nutritive Juice it has for the most part a Feaver of irregular returns joyned with it with Night-sweats viz. in as much as the Mass of Blood is forc't to irregular and inconstant Effervescencies from that degenerated Juice and the matter so offending is cast forth by Night-sweats in this case a thin Dyet being ordered let Decoctions and Distill'd Waters that fuse and purifie the Blood be frequently taken with Antiscorbuticks mixt with them Take shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two Drams and a half candied Eringo Roots six Drams Roots of Chervil and Dandelion of each half an Ounce Leaves of Harts tongue and Liverwort of each a handful one Apple slic't Raisins a handful Let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain-water till a third part be consumed let the straining be poured on Leaves of Brooklimes bruised two handfuls Sal Prunella a Dram and half or fixt Nitre a Dram make a close and warm Infusion for three Hours Let four or six Ounces be taken thrice a Day Take Leaves of Brooklimes four Pounds Roots and Leaves of Sorrel and Dandelion of each two Handfuls Snails cleansed a Pound and a half the Rinds of two Oranges being sliced and bruised pour to them of new Milk or of Whey made with Cider or fresh Juice of Apples six pounds let them be Distill'd after the vulgar way Let three Ounces be taken twice or thrice a day Of the Rheumatism WE conclude that this Affect proceeds from the congress and mutual effervescency of Salts that are of a different origine and Nature viz. of the fixt Salt coming from the Blood and of the acid Salt coming from the nervous Liquor The Subjects of both Salts are superfluous Dregs depos'd from the foresaid Humours forc'd into certain Turgescencies and discharg'd sometimes on these Parts sometimes on those Wherefore that the Disease may be Cur'd both let the Turgescencies of the Humours be appeas'd and their superfluous Dregs be purg'd forth and let the Salts degenerating both ways be reduc'd to a State of volatility For the two first intents a gentle Purge and Bleeding are chiefly requir'd and now and then as the strength will bear they ought to be repeated and also let Diureticks and Diaphoreticks be now and then given which any way convey forth the Saline Serosities And that these Evacuations proceeding calmly and with a well-bearing and Nature assisting may succeed the better let Opiats frequently be us'd For the other Intent in which the chief stress of the Cure consists Alteratives and especially such as are endow'd with a volatile Salt greatly conduce Wherefore in this case its a vulgar but no contemptible Medicine to give twice or thrice a day to four or six ounces of the Infusion of a Stone-horse Dung made in a small Wine or Ale or in an appropriate Distill'd Water and a Medicine somewhat more grateful and no less efficacious may be prepar'd if a Water be distill'd from that Dung with Antiscorbutick Ingredients infused in White-wine or Cider which may be given to three or four Ounces twice a day I have often prescribed Spirit of Harts-horn and of Blood in this case with a mighty benefit to the Diseased Of the Dropsie WHereas we conclude the Dropsie which is wont to happen upon the Scurvy to be twofold viz. habitual and occasional Concerning the Cure of the first for the most part all labour is lost for no Remedies are able to restore the Liver and the Lungs and sometimes other Viscera wholly vitiated and the Crasis of the Blood utterly subverted In such a case if any thing seems fit to be done the Scope of Physick is very narrow for there is no room left for Catharticks nor Diaphoreticks nor for a strong Evacuation of any other kind We must insist chiefly and in a manner only on Diureticks and Cordials For these ends let Elixirs Tinctures Electuaries Powders Infusions Decoctions distill'd Waters c. which consist partly of Antihydropicks partly of Antiscorbuticks be given the forms of which I have nevertheless thought good to omit as signifying little or nothing The Scorbutick Dropsie raised on a sudden from an evident cause or on some accident often admits of Cure for the more easie performance of which the tumults of Nature ought in the first place to be appeased and its disorders composed Wherefore if Watchings continue very offensive let sleep be procured by the use of Opiats and now and then as often as it seems very necessary let it be procured again As soon as strength will give leave for Purging let the following Powder be taken and let it be now and then repeated at due intervals of time mean while let the Belly be kept soluble by the frequent use of Clysters Take Mercurius Dulcis a Scruple Rosin of Julape from five Grains to ten Cloves half a Scruples mix them let it be given in a Spoonful of Panada at other times let Diureticks and sometimes Diaphoreticks be carefully taken Take Tincture of Salt of Tartar impregnated with the Infusion of Millepedes as much as you think good let it be given from a Scruple to two Scruples twice a day with an appropriated Liquor Take Spirit of Sal Armoniack what you think good the Dose is from half a Scruple to fifteen drops after the same manner Take Millepedes prepar'd three Drams Salt of Tartar two Drams Nutmegs a Dram mix them make a Powder The Dose is half a Dram twice a day with an appropriated Liquour Or Take Bees dryed and powdered two Drams Seeds of Bishops-weed powdered a Dram Oyle of Juniper a Scruple Turpentine what suffices make a Mass of Pills The Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram twice a day drinking after it an appropriated Liquor Take Leaves of both Scurvy-grasses Watercresses Dittander Arsmart of each three handfuls Roots of Aron Briony Florentine Orrice of each four Ounces the middle Bark of Elder two Handfuls Winters-bark two Ounces the outward Coats of four Oranges and of three Lemons fresh Juniper-berries four Ounces being slic't and bruised pour to them of Rhenish-wine three Pounds Wine of the Juice of Elder-berries two Pounds Distill them the vulgar way let all the Water be mix't The Dose is from three Ounces to four twice a day after a Dose of some one of the Medicines
and a half Confection of Alkermes a Dram mix them The Dose is three or four Spoonfuls Or Take Aqua Mirabilis six Ounces Water of Snails and of Wallnuts of each two Ounces Pearl powdred a Scruple Confection of Hyacinth a Dram Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers an Ounce mix them When Scorbutick Women are wont to be troubled with Hysterick Fits and Men with Convulsions Take Water of Bawm and Pennyroyal of each three Ounces compound Briony-water four Ounces Tincture of Castoremn half an Ounce Tincture of Saffron a Dram Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers a Dram and a half Castoreum tyed in a Nodulus and hung in the Glass a Dram. The Dose is three or four Spoonfuls For those who desire rather to have Cordial Medicines in a solid form let Electuaries or Tablets be prescrib'd Take Conserve of Clove-gilliflowers three Ounces Confection of Alkermes half an Ounce Pearl powdred a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Coral make an Electuary Take Species Diamargariti Frigidi and Diarrhodon Abbatis of each a Dram and a half Pearl powdred a Dram double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in treacle-Treacle-water and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets four Ounces Oyl of Cinnamon six drops make Tablets according to Art As to Opiats and Anodine Medicines in some certain affects of Scorbutick persons I had rather be without any kind of Medicine besides than the use of them For not only against obstinate Pains and Watchings but in Asthmatick Fits in Vomitings a Diarrhaea and also in a Vertigo and Convulsive Passions as often as nature being irritated above measure falls into extream irregularities I have found no Remedy more excellent than to procure sleep by giving a safe Narcotick Mean while there is need of a very great caution that they be not taken if at any time something in the Constitution of the Diseas'd or in the nature or time of the Disease forbids the giving of such a Medicine Besides the Hypnoticks usual in Apothecaries Shops viz. Laudanum Opiatum Nepenthe the Philonia Diacodium and Syrup of red Poppies two other preparations of Opium are known to me which I use to give in the form of a Tincture or of a liquid Extract from ten drops to twelve with some other appropriate Liquour The Diet or Form of Living to be observ'd in Scorbutical persons is of no small importance in the Method of Cure for that being neglected or ill ordered the other Prescripts of Physick do little or nothing towards Health The Rule of Diet being extended to various things is chiefly concerning the Air and Situation of the Habitation Meat and Drink and the motion or rest of the Body As to the first what kind of habitations and places of Residence in respect of the Heavens and the Earth cause the Scurvy and consequently ought to be shun'd it is sufficiently manifested by what we have said before Those that endeavour to prevent or cure this Disease ought to take care to choose an Air moderately hot and dry and which also is subtle and pure and sufficiently expos'd to the Winds Such Food only is proper which has a good Juice and is easie of Concoction let such as is gross viscous and dryed in the Smoak mouldy and rank also such as is unfermented or greatly compounded all manner of Pulse Milk-meats and unripe Fruits be shun'd I so much disapprove things preserv'd or very much season'd with Sugar that I judge the invention of it and its immoderate use to have very much contributed to the vast increase of the Scurvy in this late Age For that Concret consists of a very sharp and corrosive Salt though mitigated with a Sulphur as it plainly appears from its Chymical Analysis For Sugar distil'd by it self yields a Liquour scarce inferior to Aqua Stygia And if you distil it in a Vefica with a great deal of Fountain-water pour'd to it though the fixt Salt will not so ascend nevertheless a Liquour will come from it like the Hottest Aqua Vitae burning and very pungent when therefore Sugar mixt almost with any sorts of Food is taken by us in so great a plenty how probable is it that the Blood and Humours are rendred salt and sharp and consequently Scorbutical by its daily use A certain famous Author has laid the cause of the English Consumption on the immoderate use of Sugar amongst our Countrymen I know not whether the cause of the spreading Scurvy may not also be rather hence deriv'd Let the Drink be midling Ale mild and clear and also let it be altered with Antiscorbutick Ingredients without an ungrateful favour Let it not be thick and sweet nor also too old and turning sharp Let this be taken in a moderate quantity and in a manner only at the set hours of Dinner and Supper The custom which has prevail'd with many viz. that assoon as they are out of their Beds they presently indulge themselves to drink a large Mornings Draught as they call it seems very pernicious For by this means the Blood Vessels are too much fill'd a store of new Chyle being almost continually sent into them and Crudities and Filthy Morbifick Dregs are engendred in the Blood and the office of Sanguification is greatly debilitated Truly it is better for most Men unless it be those whose Ventricle as long as it is empty is wont to be plainfully contracted and corrugated to keep themselves fasting till Dinner time Nor is that vulgar custom less contrary to Health to swill themselves with much Drink presently after Meat Wines and Ciders so they are mellow pure and not adulterated being taken in a moderate quantity do not offend But the same being counterfeit musty austere or turning sharp there is nothing more hurtful or injurious to our Health Exercises and Labour are so notably conducing both to the cure and prevention of the Scurvy that many by this sole Remedy either preserve or recover an entire Health For the Blood and Nervous Liquour of persons that lead an idle and sedentary Life like Stagnating Waters contract a clamminess and mouldiness But upon the assiduous and much motion of the Body the Humours and Spirits become clear and get a vigour the Excrementitious and Heterogeneous Particles evaporate the stuffings of the Bowels are purg'd and their Tone is corroborated CHAP. VI. Some Stories and rare Cases of Persons troubled with the Scurvy A Woman of Renown tall and graceful about the twenty fifth year of her Age had contracted a Scorbutick Taint by reason of various errours committed in Diet. The signs of which were a Spontaneous Lassitude a difficult Breathing Pains and Spots in the Legs and her Gums likewise swoll'n and full of Blood in the Spring time after an Abortion falling into a Tertian Ague she soon became in a languishing and weak condition from which Disease nevertheless first being Methodically proceeded with in Physick she had soon recovered but that indulging her self to eat Flesh and other improper things she soon had a Relaps and then being a weary
Pains and bitter Tortures chiefly infesting her by night one while in the Shins another while in the Arms In regard she was with Child she had been forc't to leave off a course of Physick often begun in order to its Cure After he last Child-birth her Lochia flowing plentifully she continued for many days faint and weak with a difficult Respiration and being out of Breath upon any motion A Month after being deliver'd being taken out of Bed and attempting to walk she fell into a most severe difficulty of Breathing with a Trembling of the Heart and a frequent Fainting of the Spirits Being presently put to Bed she continued almost for a whole day still Trembling and continually Panting Moreover the lower Limbs as though Death were at hand being quite chill'd waxed not warm by any Frictions or Applications of warm'd Cloaths At length after near four and twenty hours upon the frequent giving of strong Cordials she was better about the Praecordia though there followed near the right Groin in the top of the Thigh a very acute Pain reaching even to the Leg and within a few hours a pretty hard swelling resisting the touch possest all that space Being call'd at this time the Diseas'd still fetching her Breath short and with difficulty presently having order'd a Clyster to be forthwith injected I gave her twelve drops of Spirit of Hearts-horn in a spoonful of the following Julape Take Water of Snails six ounces Hysterick Water four ounces Water of Wall-nuts simple and of Pennyroyal of each three ounces Sugar one ounce Castoreum tyed in a Rag and hung in the Glass a Dram. These Medicines were repeated every sixth Hour I ordered a large vesicatory to be applyed to the inward part of the Thigh then in the Evening in regard during this whole Fit she had continued without Sleep I gave her of Laudanum a grain Pearls powdred six grains confection of Alkermes without Musk half a dram she slept quietly and there next Morning she was much relieved the pain and swelling of the Thigh somewhat abated also while she lay quiet in her Bed she was well about the Precordia but sitting upright or turning on one side presently she seem'd almost ready to dye through straitness of Breath she continued the use of the Spirit of Harts-horn and of the Julep to be repeated every sixth hour for many days Moreover because she was press'd with Thirst and made water always in a small quantity ruddy and filled with contents she took twice a day a Dose of the following Julep to six Drams Take roots of Grass Chervil preserv'd Eringos of each six drams shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each two Drams burnt Harts-horn a dram and a half Raisins two ounces one Apple slic'd Licorish two drams and a half being slic'd and bruised let them boyle in three pounds of Fountain Water till a third part be consumed then four ounces of White-wine being added to it let it be strained into a Flagon to which put Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brooklimes of each a Handful Salt of Wormwood two drams make a close and warm infusion for three Hours let the straining be kept in Vessels close stopt Sometimes every day sometimes every other day a Clister was administred By the use of these things she seemed to grow better daily so that within a weeks space arising from her Bed she was able to sit up two or three Hours by the fire in her Chair but if she kept from her Bed or walkt a little more than was fitting she was presently wont to fall into a straitness of Breathing or a fit of the Asthma so that on a certain day having stayed out of Bed too long she underwent a violent fit of the Disease and was affected with a difficult Breathing a trembling of the whole Body and frequent Swoonings Being called again by reason of this Relaps of the sick Lady I gave her Spirit of Harts-horn to twenty drops with the Julep above prescribed and in the Evening a dose of our Laudanum and as thereby she found her self better about the Precordia Pains and Swellings succeeded in the right Thigh and Legg such as before had paned in the left I ordered also vesicatories to be applyed to that Thigh and besides the Remedies hitherto mentioned she took twice a day of our Wine of the Juice of Scurvy-grass four ounces with two ounces of the Magistral Antiscorbutick Water Moreover I ordered her to be purged with our Solutive Syrup above prescribed which doing well I ordered it to be repeated within three or four dayes By these Remedies she grew well within a Month. A Noble man about the thirty third year of his Age seeming to be of a sanguine Temperament tall and slender of a very acute Wit and quick understanidng tho he had used himself for a long time to immoderate and excessive Studies together with a disorderly way of Diet yet being still sprightly and full of vigour he seem'd to enjoy a sound Mind in a sound Body a little more than two years since when he had greatly tired himself by dancing a whole Night with Friends and in the Morning being put in a cold Bed in a Room that was too moist and having slept a little he began to be sick for upon his awake he fell into a mighty troublous Passion about the Precordia with terrible Swoonings as though he were ready to dye After a draught of Wine and some cordial Remedies taken he was a little better but he often relaps'd so that all that day both himself and his Friends dreaded either a swoon without returning to himself or an imminent Apoplexy Moreover after that this Fit of the Disease was past yet still he lived obnoxious to daily passions of the Heart and upon any great Error committed in Diet he was wont to be afflicted again with a violent fit Notwithstanding the use of Remedies the Disease growing worse within a few Months did not only infest the Precordia but in the whole habit of the Body Expansions sometimes of heat sometimes of cold moreover in the Limbs a numbness or formication or light Convulsions and sudden contractions were raised but of late besides the Symtoms hitherto mentioned which still greatly molest the Noble Person he is moreover sorely afflicted with a frequent Vertigo and with Distractions and Failings of the Spirits residing in the Fore-brain insomuch that he is forc'd to abstain from the Studies and Politick Employs to which he has been always addicted and even from any strong intention of the Mind for otherwise he feels both in the Head and in the genus nerevosum these troublous Passions that he may fear either an invasion of the Apoplexy or horrible Convulsive Affects a great fit of this Disease pressing upon him the Ventricle also for the most part is disturbed Moreover he has often found ease after a Vomit either hapning of its own accord or raised by the help of an Emetick Medicine Hence some
Purging to apply Anodyne and mitigating Epithemes to the Places affected and also often to give gentle Hypnoticks by frequent changes Apozemes also and Juices and Expressions of Herbs that allay the Fervour of the Choler and gently carry it off by Seige and Urine are of excellent use but in the mean time let smart or strong Medicines whether they operate by Seige Urine or Sweat in regard they too much fuse and exagitate the Blood and Humours be carefully avoided I have often observ'd in Persons troubled with an acute and obstinate Pain of the Head that the Serum swimming on the Blood when let forth have been ting'd with a Yellowness or with bilous excrements incocated in it and that also in this Case a spare and frequent Bleeding and afterward a free drinking of Whey and Spaw-Waters have given a notable Relief and beyond other Remedies 4. Moreover if the Parts of the Head suster through the Fault of some one of the Viscera as of the Stomach Liver Spleen Womb or any other by reason of the Transmission of the ill Ferment then in the Cure of the Disease let such Remedies as regard the Viscera be administred together with Cephalicks hence to certain Persons troubled with the Head-ach whose Stomach also is in a Fault Elixir Proprietatis Mynsichts Elixir of Vitrol Tinctura sacra Vitriolum martis the compound powder of Aron Roots and other things vulgarly accounted for Stomachals often do good to others whose Heads participate of the evils of the Spleen Chalybeats often give help Some Women sometime find ease of their Head-ach by hysterick Remedies in like manner when the Faults of other Parts contribute to the Head-ach let the coindicated things taken from those Parts be joyned with the first things indicated 5. Sometimes the nutritive Juice is the Cause of a periodical Head-ach viz. in as much as being mix'd with the Blood and not duely assimilated it causes a Turgescency in it by reason of its disagreeing Particles so that the Blood boyling to the Head throws off its Refuse in its Meninges or certain Parts of them predispos'd for it and so irritates the Fibres to painful Convulsions For this Reason I have known many to have been obnoxious to a daily Head-ach after the Measles Small-Pox and other Fevers or Sicknesses with which the Mass of Blood is wont to be vitiated viz. so many Hours after Meals sometimes sooner sometimes later first a flushing of Blood in the Face then a Plentiude and Pain in the Head infested them moreover after drinking of Wine or eating of turgid Food they were more severely punish'd The Access of the Distemper is wont to happen sooner or later after they have eat or drunk according as the Chyle begins to grow turgid either a little after its first entrance into the Blood or after it has stay'd some while in it This affect is free from Danger and for the most part is easily enough cur'd After a Provision being made for the whole a gentle Purge and sometimes blooding being ordered Remedies which restore the Crasis of the Blood such as are chiefly antiscorbuticks and Chalybeats prove mighty beneficial Take Conserve of Fumitory Tansey Wood Sorrel of each two Ounces compound Powder of Aron Roots three Drams Ivoy Crabs Eyes Coral prepar'd of each a Dram and a half powder of yellow Saunders Lignum Aloes of each half a Dram Vitriol of Mars a Dram salt of Wormwood a Dram and a half syrup of the five Roots what suffices make an Electuary let the Quantity of a Chesnut be taken in the Morning and at five a Clock in the Afternoon drinking after it three ounces of the following Liquor Take Water of the Leaves of Aron Vervain and of the Flowers of Elder of each six Ounces magistral Water of Snails and Earth-worms of each two Ounces Sugar on Ounce mix them Various Medicines wont to be us'd against the scorbutick Diseases of the Blood may be rang'd here and giv'n with good Success for Head-aches which are so familiar in the Scurvy oftentimes proceed from the Fault of the Blood perverting the nutritive Humour and discharging its Recrements in the Membranes of the Head wherefore the Remedies mention'd by me elsewhere against that affect claim a place also here 6. There remains yet another Humour to wit the nervous Liquor which being carried into the Fibres of the Meninges and other parts of the Head sometimes becomes disproportionate to the Fibres by its own disagreeing nature as it is sharp or otherwise degenerate sometimes twitches the containing Parts and irritates them into Convulsions or painful Distentions as it strongly ferments with some other humour viz. the nutritious or serous Humour flowing thither The nervous Humour where it is thus morbifick either being vitiated in its whole Mass brings a very great Injury on the Brain predispos'd for it or being faultless of it self is perverted within the Fibres affected and so becomes morbifick secondarily the Cure of which then depends on the Restitution of the containing Parts viz. If the Weaknesses of the Fibres or their injur'd Conformations be amended the Humour irrigating them will presently be free from Fault With what Remedies the Defaults of the Parts predisposed for Head-achs are remov'd we shall presently acquaint you Mean while if the nervous Humour being degenerate in its whole Mass causes a great Offence to the Head predispos'd for Pain let those kinds of Medicines and that method be us'd with which being reduc'd to its due Crasis and gently passing through those Fibres it may irritate them little or not at all for which end neither strong Purging nor large or frequent Blooding are proper in regard they exagitate the Blood and Humours and impair the Strength and consequently give a greater Acrimony and Rage to the nervous Humour which was faulty before But gentle Loosners and a spare Bleeding will now and then be of use whereby the Viscera may be cleans'd and the Mass of Blood be somewhat purg'd and a way be prepar'd for other Medicines which will succeed the better afterwards Now the Medicines that render the nervous Liquor more friendly and benign to the Membranes of the Head which are wont to be offended by it are those which are vulgarly call'd Cephalicks viz. whose Particles being active enough and withall fine and subtle pass the Blood without any Turgescency or Tumult and then insinuating themselves into the nervous Liquor gently actuate it and cause the Ductus's of the Nerves so to open themselves that thereby the animal Spirits more freely irradiate all Bodies both sensible and motive and inspire them without Swoonings Convulsions or anomalous Distentions These kinds of Remedies tho not always efficacious nevertheless often remove some Head-achs that are not very inveterate and in others tho never so obstinate they frequently do good moreover those things that are prescribed against Pains of the Head are also given against Affects of the Brain and Genus Nervosum and on the contrary the things
that are prescrib'd in these are also given with good Success against those viz. the Vertue of them being display'd within the Brain does good against the Apoplexy Palsie Lethargy and other Diseases allied to them also within are moving Fibres against Cramps and Convulsive Motions and likewise exerting their Forces within the sensible Fibres they often relieve Pains Great stores of these Medicines are vulgarly set forth in Physical Books but so that their Plenty has brought either a Poorness or Confusion to the method of healing those things which would do most good often lying hid or being concealed amon gst that confus'd heap of Remedies even as Wheat is with more difficulty separated from much Chaff than it is first gotten clean from the Ear. Therefore in this Case Provision being made for the whole and then those things being given both by Dyet and Physick which put a stop to or presently appease the Turgecencies of the Blood let the Medicines call'd Cephalicks or such as remove the Disorders of the nervous Juice be prescribed to be carefully taken I shall set down some few Forms of these Take Conserve of Flowers of Betony and Clovegillyflowers of each three ounces Powder of male Peony Roots half an ounce bastard Dittany a dram lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each a dram red Coral prepared Pearl Ivory of each an ounce and a half Salt of Vervain a dram and a half syrup of Peony flowers what suffices make an Opiate let the quantity of a Chesnut be taken drinking after it of the following Julep three ounces Take Water of Black-Cherries Wallnuts simple Vervain of each four ounces Water of Cowslip-flowers three ounces compound Water of Peony three ounces Sugar six drams Or Take Leaves of Vervain Mistletow growing on Apple-trees of each ten handfuls male Peony Roots two pounds Mace Nutmegs of each half an ounce Coriander Seeds an ounce being slic'd and bruised pour to them of fresh Milk eight pounds or of Milk seven pounds Malaga Wine one pound distill them with common Organs let the whole Liquor be mixt Let three Ounces be taken at a time Take Powder of male Peony Roots half an ounce red Coral prepared two drams Ivory Pearl prepared of each a dram make a fine Powder of them all add of Sugar dissolv'd and boyl'd to a Consistency for Tablets in a sufficient quantity of Black-cherry Water six ounces Tincture of Cotal a dram make Tablets according to Art weighing half a dram let three or four be eaten in the Morning and at five a clock in the Afternoon drinking after it a little draught of Tea Or Take Tincture of Coral an ounce take from fifteen drops to twenty twice a day in a little Draught of the Julep or distill'd Water Those that are of a cold or flegmatick Temperament may take twice a day a Dose either of the Tincture of Antimony or of Spirit of Armoniack impregnated with Amber or Coral or of Spirit of Harts-horn or of Soot in an appropriated Vehicle The use of Millepedes ought not here to be omitted or set lightly by in regard that their express'd Juice distill'd Water and also the Powder prepar'd of them often contribute egregiously to the Cure of ancient and obstinate Head-achs I might here propose many other Medicines of various kinds nay transfer hither the forms in a manner of all those which I have formerly heap'd together against convulsive Affects But the most difficult thing of all concerning the Cure of the Head-ach yet remains viz. How the Conjunct and fixt Cause of this Disease consisting in the Weakness or injured Conformation of the Fibres may be heal'd or remov'd Now this though it will be sometimes incurable as when a schirrous or callous or some other ancient and fix'd tumour has possest the Meninges nevertheless since the Diagnostick of this is uncertain and the Procatarxis of a Disease how unconquerable soever it may seem sometimes by a continued method of Cure is overcome therefore in every kind of Head-ach as long as the Patient will admit of Remedies let not a Physician be backward in prescribing those things that shall seem most proper Therefore in the first place as we hinted even now we must diligently endeavour that the Fuel of the Disease being out off and intercepted the frequent Accesses of the Fits be stopt for so the indisposed Fibres whilst they are no longer molested sometimes recover their sound state Nature alone effecting the Cure The helps of the Art of Physick indicated in this Case are taken from Chirurgery rather than from Pharmacy for whatsoever is taken by the Mouth passing through long Circuits spends all its Virtue before it reaches the Membranes of the Head Amonst Chirurgical things first Topical Remedies occur and of those Plaisters are of most advantagious use and often prove very beneficial Let not these be extreamly hot which may draw the Humours more to the place affected but moderately discussing and corroborative I use to prescribe Emplastrum de Minio or Diasaponis with a half quantity of Paracelsus's Plaister to be applyed to the Place grieved after it is shaved and to be worn for some time As to the Ancients frequent use of Phenigms and Sinapisms and to the present Practice of applying Vesicatories against violent Head-aches sometimes to the whole hinder part of the Head sometimes to the Sinciput if at any time ease has ensued these not Topicks it was for this reason Because by those Administrations a mighty store of sharp Serum was voided from the Part affected Liniments of Oyls and Unguents tho freuently us'd do little because as I gess in case they penetrate deep they render more lax the Tones of the Fibres whereby they lye more readily open to the Incursions of the morbifick Matter moreover they stuff the Pores of the Skin that the Effluvia do not evaporate for the same Reason in a manner it is that warm Fomentations prepar'd of Aromatick or other cephalick Decoctions oftner do Hurt than Good because they draw Humours towards the Parts affected and withall open the Pores and Passages whereby they are more readily admitted and therefore also it is that bathing of the Head by pumping Water on it in hot Baths is used to Persons troubled with the Head-ach with no better Success whereas on the contrary it would be good for many to wash their Temples Fore-head and Sinciput every Morning and Evening with cold Water nay to bath their Heads every Morning by pumping cold Water on it or at leastwise to dip it in a deep Vessel or Well Another Chirurgical help cryed up for the Head-ach especially if violent and inveterate is wont to be a burning or cutting of Issues in several parts of the Body It 's a thing without doubt that these being made in the Arms or Leggs are both less troublesome and prove somewhat beneficial viz. inasmuch as they withdraw the fuel from the Part and lead it far away from the place affected Moreover an Issue in the
things being thus premitted concerning the Vertigo in general it seems likewise proper for us to delineate a therapeutick method more particularly and to give an orderly process of it And first it shall be shewn what is to be done in the Fit for curing it and then what out of the Fit for preservation 1. As to the former tho an invasion of the Vertigo how violent soever it may seem for the most part is free from danger and often passes off easily of its own accord yet because those that are affected with it fearing themselves a dying desire Physical Aid in such a case if the Pulse indicates it a Clyster being premitted let bleeding be ordered then a Vesicatory being applied to the Neck let strong-smelling things as Castoreum Spirit or volatile Salt of Harts-horn Vrine or Sal Armoniack be presently held to the Nostrils moreover let those Spirits be given twice or thrice a day with a convenient dose of a Cephalick Julep going to bed let a bolus of Mithridate with powder of Castoreum be taken the day following if the affect be not yet gone let a gentle Purge be given or if the Diseas'd be inclined or easie to vomit let an Emetick be taken than which there is scarce any Remedy more excellent Take Pillulae de Succino twenty five grains Rosm of Jalap six grains Tartar vitriolat seven grains Balsam of Peru what suffices make four Pills to be taken going to bed or early in the morning or Take Sulphur of Antimony five grains Cream of Tartar half a scruple Castoreum two grains make a powder to be taken with governance expecting a vomiting That Vomits often do good in the Vertigo besides the testimony of Authors it sufficiently appears also by common observation and since vertiginous Persons vomit often of their own accord hence an opinion has grown amongst many that the cause of this Disease lies hid in a manner alwayes in the Stomach but we have shewn elsewhere that this is otherwise and that the vomiting frequently happens by reason of the Spirits being troubled in the Brain Now the reason why Emeticks do good in this Disease is that by this kind of Medicine both a very great Revulsion is made of Humours from the Brain and that the Spirits there being in a tumult are presently restrain'd When the Membranes and Fibres of the Ventricle and the Viscera placed near it are twitcht various Humours viz. the nervous serous lymphick pancreatick and bilous are drawn into those Parts and so dreined that the Brain continues free from their Incursions nay and easily throws off a great many then sticking in it Then as to the animal Spirits we have shewn elsewhere that there is alwayes a very great communication and intimate accord betwixt those that reside in the Stomach and those of the Brain so that a grateful or ingrateful affect of the Stomach from things taken causes erections or dejections of the Spirits residing in the Brain Opiats whilst remaining in the Stomach bring a sleepiness so in the Vertigo and other Cephalick Diseases it will not conduce a little to the redressing and regulating of the Spirits in the Brain when all in confusion and mightily agitated if their consociates or relations be put in a consternation within the Ventricle by an irritating Medicine for whilst for the aid of these a great many are call'd from the Brain the others remaining remit of their disorders and resume their ancient Offices doubtless it is chiefly for this reason that Emeticks often give great Relief in affects of the Mania insomuch that certain Empiricks use in a manner those alone 2. But returning from this small digression let us consider what is to be done for curing an inveterate and almost continual Vertigo out of the Fit therefore in the first place a method being ordered concerning blooding and purging to be us'd and repeated at fit intervals of time according to the Constitution and strength of the Patient I also use to advise that a Vomit if nothing indicates the contrary be taken once a Month for which end to weak Persons after the Stomack 's being fill'd with light food let Wine and Oximel of Squills be given to two or three ounces and afterwards let posset-drink with Carduus leaves boyl'd in it be drank in a great quantity and let it presently be thrown up again with a spontaneous or forced vomiting To others let an Emetick be given of Salt of Vitriol or of the Infusion of crocus Metallorum Concerning Issues Vesicatories the opening of the hemorrhades also of a Plaister or Cap to be worn on the Head and of topicks to be apply'd to the soles of the Feet or to the Wrists for revulsion or derivation let a Physician deliberate Take Conserve of the Flowers of male Peony six ounces powder of its Roots an ounce Peony seeds powdered two drams Amber Coral Pearl powdered of each two drams and a half Salt of Coral a dram Syrup of coral what suffices make an Electuary The Dose is a dram and a half or two drams in the evening and early in the morning drinking after it three ounces of the following distilled Water Take fresh leaves of Mistletow six handfuls roots of male Peony Angelica of each a pound and half the white dung of Peacocks two pounds Cardamum bruised two ounces Castoreum three Drams all being slic'd small and mixt together pour to them of White wine or of Whey prepar'd of it eight pounds distill it with common Organs let the whole Liquor be mix'd Take powder of the root of male Peony half an ounce red Coral prepar'd Species Diambroe of each a dram and half powder of male Peony flowers fresh bruised and dried in the Sun a dram make a powder to which add of double resin'd Sugar dissolved in Peony water and boyled to a consistency for Tablets ten ounces make Tablets according to Art weighing half a dram let one or two be taken often in a day Because all things do not agree with all Persons but a Physician ought to assay divers Medicaments and insisting on a various Method at one time to try these Medicines another those therefore I shall here set down certain forms of another kind Take our Syrup of Steel six ounces let a spoonful be taken in the Morning and at five of the Clock with three ounces either of the distilled Water even now described or of some other Cephalick Water or take from fifteen to twenty drops of our Syrup of Steel with a draught of the same distilled Water twice a day I have known these things to have given great Relief to many Sometimes let doses of the Spirits of Soot Harts-horn or Sal Armoniack impregnated with Amber Coral or Mans Scull or let tincture of Amber Antimony or Coral be daily given after the same manner Take Powder of the Roots of male Peony an ounce and a half Peony Seeds Coral prepared white Amber of each three Drams Pearl prepared Powder of male Peony
is either in fieri or in its disposition or in facto or in its habit both require a peculiar way of Cure Of the former there are two chief cases in both of which the Therapeutick method regarding only the Procatarctick causes is ordered after the like manner to wit whether any Person be in danger of being seiz'd with the Palsey or recovering from it be in hazard of a relapse we must insist in a manner on the same Medicines Therefore the Intentious of Curing must be first that the functions of Chylification and Sanguification being duly perform'd a laudable matter for the generation of Animal Spirits be sent to the Brain in a sufficient plenty and then secondly that the Brain being still firm and of a due conformation admits into it and duly exalts into Animal Spirits all apt particles excluding such as are heterogeneous for these ends we have thought good to propose the following method which ought to be varied according to the various constitutions of the Diseased Spring and Fall let solemn courses of Physick be entred upon nay and the whole year besides let some Remedies be constantly used Bleeding is not generally proper for all Persons and if we forbid this it is not for the same reason with the Ancients supposing the Palsey to be a cold Disease but because the Animal Spirits are both engendred from the Blood and become elastick within the moving Fibres by reason of a sanguineous combination therefore if the store of this be lessened too much they will fail and flag Which truly I have observed in many and that for the most part in the Arm from which the Blood was drawn languishings and tremblings have begun Nevertheless a spare and moderate Bleeding sometimes agrees with some that are endued with a Blood that is hot and sharp and apt to too great effervescencies tho they are disposed to the Palsey About the Equinoxes purging ought to be ordered and to be repeated by due Intervals three or four times but in the first place let a Vomit if nothing indicates the contrary be given of Salt of Vitriol Sulphur of Antimony or an Infusion of crocus metallorum or Mercurius vitae afterward let Pillulae de succino or Aloephanginae be taken by themselves or with Rosm of Jalap every seventh or eighth day At other times let Cephalick Remedies such as we have prescribed for the sleepy affects viz Electuaries Powders Spirits and volatile Salts Tinctures Elixirs with distill'd Waters or Apozemes viz. sometimes these sometimes those or others be frequently used Let Issues be burnt in the Arm or Leg nay in gross and cachectical Persons together in both or near the Shoulder-blades Let a Physick-drink of Sage Betony Stoechas the wood Sassafras Winters bark c. be drank the whole year Wine and Venus ought either to be forbidden or to be allowed only sparingly But if the Palsey after a previous disposition in the whole or in one side or in certain members throughly seises and notwithstanding the first encounter of Physick comes on again for its cure a long and complicated method which is alwayes requisite often times does not suffice for not only the Disease or its conjunct or procatarctick Cause severally but all together must be assaulted for which ends blooding for the most part being forbidden only a gentle purge and that but now and then is proper Again and indeed chiefly against the Procatarxis of the Disease Cephaliâ—â— and Antiscorbutick Medicines are wont to do good but not all of these kinds agree with all Persons but as we have observed in the Scurvey according to the various Constitutions of the Diseas'd the Remedies also must be of a differing kind and vertue for with bilous paralyticks in whose sharp and hot blood there is much Salt and Sulphur and very little Serum hot Medicines and such as are endowed with very active Particles do not agree nay often prove offensive to them which nevertheless prove greatly beneficial to phlegmatick persons whose blood is colder and contains a great deal of Serum and a few active Elements Wherefore according to this two-fold state of the Diseased it seems fit for us to propose here a double method of Cure and two Classes of Medicines whereof this will do well to be given to cold paralyticks and the other to such as are hot In the former case for the removal of the procatarctick Cause after a Vomit and a Purge duely ordered I advise to be prescribed according to the following forms Take Conserve of the leaves of Garden Scurvy-grass and of Rochet made with an equal part of Sugar of each three ounces Ginger condited in the Indies an ounce the yellow coats of Oranges and Limons preserv'd of each six drams powder of the Claws and Eyes of Crabs of each four Scruples species diambroe two drams winters-bark a dram and a half roots of Zedoary the lesser Galingal Cubebs the seeds of Garden-cresses rochet of each a dram Spirit of Scurvy-grass and of Lavender of each two drams Syrup of the conditure of Ginger what suffices make an Electuary Let the quantity of a Walnut be taken at eight a clock in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it a pound of the following decoction or six ounces of the Tincture of Coffee with the Leaves of Sage boyled in it or three ounces of Viper-wine Take Raspings of Guaiacum six ounces Sarzaparilla Sassafras of each four ounces red and yellow Saunders shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half an ounce infuse them according to art and boyle them in sixteen pounds of fountain-Water to a half adding Crude Antimony powdred and tyed in a Nodulus four ounces roots of Calamus Aromaticus the lesser Galingal of each half an ounce Florentine Orris an ounce Cardamum six drams Coriander seeds half an ounce six Dates make a Decoction and let it be used for ordinary drink Going to Bed and early in the Morning let a dose be taken either of the Spirit of Soot or of Harts-horn of Sal Armoniack succinated of Blood c. with three ounces of the following distilled Water Take of the Leaves or Roots of Aron a pound Leaves of Garden Scurvy-grass the greater Rochet Rosemary Sage Savory Time four handfuls Flowers of Lavender three handfuls the outward rinds of ten Oranges and six Limons Winters bark three Ounces Roots of the lesser Galingal Calamus Aromaticus Florentine Orris of each two ounces Cubebs Cloves Nutmegs of each an ounce all being slic'd and bridsed pour to them of White-wine and Brunswick Beer of each four pounds let them be distilled with common Organs and let the whole Liquour be mixt Sometimes instead of the Electuary for fifteen or twenty dayes let a dose of the Tincture of Sulphur terebinthinated or the Tincture of Antimony or of Amber sometimes also let the Elixir Proprietatis or of Peony be taken in a spoonful of the distilled Water drinking after it three ounces of the same Sometimes also let the
following Powders or Tablets have their turns in the course of Phyfick Take powder of Vipers Flesh prepar'd at Montpellier an ounce Hearts and Livers of the same half an ounce Species Diambroe two ounces make a Powder let a dram be taken twice a day with three ounces of the distilled Water or with Viper Wine with a decoction of the Leaves of Sage of the Roots and Seeds of the great Bur-dock and Eringo roots condited made in a sufficient quantity of Fountain-Water to a half to the quantity of six or eight ounces warm in the morning expecting a sweat Take Solar Mineral Bezoar half an ounce Cloves powdred two drams mix them make a powder to be divided into twelve parts let one part be taken twice a day after the same manner with the use of these kinds of Remedies let gentle Catharticks be pretty ften interlac'd Take powder of choice Roots of Zedoary and the lesser Galingal of each a dram and a half Species Diambror a dram powder of the Seeds of Mustard Rochet Scurvy-grass Water-cresses of each half a dram make a subtle powder of all add pure Oyle of Amber half a dram with six ounces of white Sugar dissolved in compound Peony Water and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets make Tablets according to Art each weighing half a dram let three or four be eaten twice a day drinking after it a dose of some one of the Liquors even now mentioned Take powder of the roots of Virginia Serpentary two drams of the lesser Galingal a dram of the Gummous extract from the residency of the distillation of Quercitans Elixir of Life a dram Flowers of Sal Armoniack or of pure volatile salt of Soot or of Harts-horn a dram Balsam of Peru a scruple Balsamum Capivi what suffises make a Mass let it be made into little Pills rowling them in species Diambrae the dose is half a dram evening and morning or Take Rosin or Gum of Guaiacum three drams species Diambrae a dram Chymical Oyle of Guaiacum excellently rectified a dram and a half liquid Amber what suffices make a mass let it be formed into Pills to be taken after the same manner But if a Palsey hapning in a bilous Temperament or in young Persons admits only mild Medicines being wont to be exaspirated by any that are hot and elastick the following forms will be of use for removing its Procatarxis Take Conserve of the Flowers of Betony Fumitory Primrose Flowers of each two ounces species Diambrae a dram Ivory Crabs Eyes Crabs Claws of each four scruples Powder of Peony Flowers two drams Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders of each a dram Salt of Wormwood a dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peony Flowers make an Electuary the dose is two drams a day drinking after it either of the simple Water of the Leaves of Aron or of the following compound Water three ounces or of a Decoction of Sage with the Leaves of Tea infused in it four or six Ounces Take Rots of Aron male Peony Angelica Masterwort of each half a pound Leaves of Sage Rosemary Marjoram Booklimes Water-cresses of each four handfuls the Flowers of Primroses Cowslips Marygolds of each three handfuls the yellow coats of six Oranges and four Limons all being slic'd and bruised pour to them of new Milk six pounds Malaga-wine two pounds distill them with common Organs let the whole Liquour be mixt Instead of the Electuary sometimes for fourteen or fifteen dayes let the use of the Syrup of Steel be interlaced wherefore let a spoonful be taken in three ounces of the distilled Water it may be made after this manner Take double refined Sugar dissolved in black Cherry Water and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets eight ounces adding of our Steel powdred three drams let them be stirred together on the Fire and then pour to them by degrees Rosemary Water warmed twelve ounces let them seeth gently for a quarter of an hour taking off the froth and pour it out warm through a hair Strainer Chalybeat Tablets also may be made after this manner viz. To the Sugar sufficiently boyled with the Steel add Oyle of Amber or Chymical Oyle of Rosemary half a dram and presently pour it forth that it may run abroad into a Consistency for Tablets the dose is two drams twice a day drinking after it of the distilled Water or of the following Apozome six ounces Take China Roots an ounce shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half an ounce white and yellow Saunders Mastick-wood of each half an ounce let there be a warm and close infusion for a Night in six pounds of fountain-Fountain-water in the Morning add Roots of Chervil Avens Butchers-broom stone-Parsley of each an ounce and a half dryed Leaves of Ground-Ivy Sage Germander Betony of each a handful Coriander Seeds three drams let them boyle to a half then add of White-wine half a pound and strain it into a Bottle on two handfuls of Leaves of Water-cresses bruised make a warm and close infusion for two hours strain it again and keep it in a stopt Vessel In a scorbutick Palsey Juices and Expressions of Herbs often give an excellent relief Take fresh Leaves of Brooklimes Water-cresses Plantain of each four handfuls being bruised together pour to them of the distilled Water even now described eight ounces express it strongly keeping it in a Glass and let three or four ounces be given twice or thrice a day At the earliest and latest physical Hours viz. in the Evening and early in the Morning let the following Pills be taken Take Millepedes prepared three drams and a half Pearl a dram and a half Roots of bastard Dittany a dram Venice Turpentine what suffises make a mass form it into small Pills the dose is half a dram drinking after it a little draught of the distilled water For ordinary drink let either a Bochet be prescribed of Sarsa China yellow Saunders c. or small Ale with the dryed Leaves of Ground-Ivy boyled in it and of Sage with the wood Sassafras infused While these things are done for removing the Procatarxis of the Disease no less a curatory endeavour is required for its conjunct Cause viz. that any places obstructed being again opened may admit and give a free passage to the animal Spirits freed from stupefaction There are two chief kinds of Remedies which conduce much for these ends viz. the one particular and special to be applied to the Places affected to wit that by Fomentations Liniments Plaisters and other outward Applications the stupified Spirits may be raised up again and their Ductus's be opened the other universal to wit that the Blood and Spirits and the other humours and the active particles abounding in the whole Body being very much agitated and put in a more rapid Motion making as it were a swift current may force from before them and remove damms or Obstacles any where sticking by which the Spirits are obstructed The Administrations to be used to the outward
sometimes it being often needful Wherefore we must take a great care lest whilst we go about to eradicate the Discase by Purging and frequent Bleeding we on a sudden weaken the Vital function if this begins to waver neglecting the Frensy and allowing a more nourishable Food we must cheifly use Cardiacks Take Tincture of Coral half an ounce let twenty grains be taken twice or thrice a day with a dose of a Cephalick or cordial Julep or let the milkly solution of Coral made with the Juice of Oranges be given to a spoonful often in a day Take Rob or Conserve of Rasberryes and Barberryes an ounce Pearl prepared Magistery of Coral of each a dram Confection of Hyacinth two drams Syrup of the Juice of Kermes what suffises make a Confection let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken three or four times a day drinking after of the following Julep three ounces Take Waters of the Flowers of Nymphaea red Roses and of the Leaves of Medow-sweet of each three ounces Syrup of Coral two ounces Aqua Cordialis Saxoniae a dram mix them Take Conserve of the Flowers of Nymphaea of Violets of each an ounce Lettice Stems condited half an ounce Powder of red Coral ground on a Marble with the Juice of Oranges and dryed two drams Species Diamargariti frigidi a dram white Poppey Seeds a dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Juice of Wood-sorrel make an Electuary let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken often in a day In the Phrensy not only the Belly but likewise the Bladder when unmindful of its Office ought frequently to be moved or irritated to it Wherefore the diseased are to be admonisht and a Chamber-pot being presented to be entreated to make water which if they do not obey Let the Region of the Share be fomented with a Decoctionof Pellitory of the Wall Elder Flowers the Seeds of Parsly and wild Carrots with a Spunge and after the Fomentation let it be anointed with Oyle of Scorpions and Vnguentum Dialthaea in a long Suppression of Vrine you must put a wax Candle into the Vrethra So many and so various Cases and Stories of Persons troubled with the Frensy are written by Hippocrates in lib. Epidem that it may seem to little purpose to add others here especially because it would be a thing of an immense Labour and Tediousness to relate the various Conditions and Gestures of Franticks mean while as to the event of the Disease no great diversity occurs For for the most part either the Fever being determined the Frensy ceases by degrees or that having no Crisis or an ill one either death or a long raving ensues Nevertheless for the Illustration of our Hypothesis concerning the Inflammation of the Spirits I shall here set before you one rare instance Soime time since I was called to cure a robust Maid servant who being in a Fever and very much distracted was continually kept bound in her Bed to this Person I ordered Blood to be drawn in a plentiful manner and afterward the blooding to be repeated the Belly to be frequently loosned by a Clyster and all other Administrations usual in this case to be performed in order mean while I gave her Emuslions Juleps Hypnoticks but these doing little or no good she continued still for seven or eight dayes without Sleep and extreamly raving howling and crying out contintually for cold Drink wherefore it being allowed her to drink her fill of cold Water she became not at all the more appeased or less dry Therefore it being Summer I ordered that in the midst of the night being taken up by Women and led forth she should be put into a Boat then her Cloaths being taken off and the Cords with which she was bound being untyed she should be dipt in the deepest part of the River only a Cord being bound about her middle to keep her from drowning but there was no need of that support for she swam of her own accord almost as well as a man that had well learned after the third or fourth part of an hour she was taken out of the Water sound and sober then being put to bed she slept and sweated freely and afterward grew well without any other Remedy This Cure hapned so suddenly and successfully in as much as the excesses both of the vital and animal flame being increased to a vast height together were taken away by the proper Remedy of an intense Fire viz. a Humectation and Infrigidation CHAP. X. Instructions and Prescripts for the curing of Melancholy AS the Frensie arises from the burning of the animal Spirits or from the inflammation of their Substance so other affects of raving proceed from their Substance being altered after other manners and its being changed from its genuine disposition viz. spirituo-saline into an acetous or sharp nature resembling aqua stygia or into a flatness or deadness which therefore are either Melancholly or a Mania or Madness or a Morosis or fatuity of which we shall now speak ion order and in the first place of Melancholy Melancholy is commonly defined a Raving without a Fever or Fury joyn'd with fear and sadness whence it follows to be a complicated affect of the Brain and Heart for that melancholick Persons rave it proceeds from the fault of the Brain and the disorder of the animal Spirits residing in it but that they are sad and timorous this is attributed to the Passion of the Heart There are various and sundry kinds of the Imagination'sbeing depraved in Melancholly concerning which we may observe in general that the affected either rave concerning all things or at leaswise concerning most so that they pass a right judgment in a manner concerning no subject or they imagine amiss only in one or two particular cases but of most others form notions not altogether absurd First we shall enquire concerning this affect as it is more Universal how the Imagination is prevaricated concerning most things to wit for what Causes and with what difference of Symptoms this is wont to be done afterward we shall speak of the particular raving Tho the delirous affect of universal Melancholy contains manifold symptoms yet they consist chiefly in these three things first that the affected are almost continually occupied in thinking so that their Fancy is scarce ever idle and at rest Secondly in thinking they comprehend fewer things in their mind than they were wont before so that they often roul in their mind the same Object day and night being nothing follicitous of other things which sometimes are of far greater moment Thirdly the Ideas of Objects or Conceptions appear often deform'd and like frightful Apparitions as it were and they are alwayes represented in a greater Species so that every small thing seems to them great and most difficult and by reason of this horrid and unusual appearance the Image once conceived is not easily nor soon let go The Indisposition of the animal Spirits in this
or of Tea Or Take Roots of Chervil Polypody of the Oak of each an ounce and a half leaves of Hearts-tongue Spleenwort Ceterach Germander of each a handful Tamarisk half a handful bark of the same half an ounce Raisins ston'd two ounces one Apple sliced being sliced and bruis'd let them boyl in four pounds of Fountain-water to a consumption of the third part towards the end add leaves of Water-cresses a handful strain it and clarifie it let six ounces be taken twice or thrice a day let it be sweetned with Syrup of Fumitory Iron-Spaw-waters are wont to contribute egregiously to the Cure of Melancholy Persons viz. in as much as being plentifully drank they wash away the salino-sulphureous tincture of the Blood and destroy its evil ferments Moreover they cleanse the filth of the Viscera open obstructions and which is of mighty benefit by their astriction they both strengthen the weak or over-lax Viscera and close the mouths of the Vessels gaping into the Brain that a passage may not lye open into it for the extraneous matter together with the nervous Juyce and in this respect to wit by corroborating the Viscera and closing the passages into the Brain Vitriolick Preparations of Iron are wont to be given with good effect in Melancholy and also in the Vertigo Take our Steel prepared three ounces infuse it in two pounds of the water above prescribed let three or four ounces be taken twice a day by it self or with some other solid Medicine Take filings of Steel an ounce put them in a Glass with two ounces of the Juice of Oranges let it stand for a day shaking it now and then then pour to it water of Apples and White-wine of each a pound or of small and mild Cider two pounds let three ounces be taken twice a day after the same manner Take Vitriol of Mars Cream of Tartar Crabs Eyes of each a dram mix them make a powder divide it into nine parts le tone part be taken every Morning in a draught of an appropiate distill'd Water or a Decoction or appropriate Julep Take Syrup of Steel four ounces let a spoonful be taken twice a day in a fit vehicle Take extract of Steel from our Steel prepared with an appropriate Decoction three ounces powder of Ivory yellow Saunders Lignum Aloes of each half a dram Salt of Tartar two Scruples Ammoniacum dissolved in Water of Earth-worms what suffizes make a mass let it be made into little Pills let three or four be taken every Evening drinking after it three ounces of Water of Apples or of Cowslip-flowers Whey if it agrees with the Stomack being drank plentifully for many dayes is often used with good effect for the like reason as Spaw-waters viz. by washing away the salt and sulphureous Particles of the atrobilarious Blood Whey with Epithymum infused or boyled in it is egregiously commended by some Let Broaths be prepared of the Decoction of a Chicken with the Roots of Polypody Chervil Fennel Butchers-broom and the Leaves of Ceterach Hartstongue Scolopendrium c. let a draught be taken in the Morning and at five of the Clock in the Afternoon in which dissolve Vitriol of Mars from six grains to ten Salt of Wormwood Cream of Tartar of each a scruple Juices and Expressions of Herbs sometimes contribute egregiously to the taking away of the Dyscrasy of the Blood Take Leaves of Borrage Water-cresses of each six handfuls two Apples mash'd the pulpe of two Oranges double refined Sugar an ounce all being bruised together pour to them of excellent Cyder a pound and a half make a strong expression let it be kept in a Glass the dose is four ounces twice or thrice a day In the Summer a Bath of sweet Water inasmuch as it cleanses the filth sticking in the Skin and promotes insensible transpiration does great good to some Because Melancholy persons Sleep with difficulty and after long or frequent watchings are worse therefore let Anodynes and sometimes gentle Hypnoticks be prescrib'd to be taken late at night when there is need For this purpose a decoction of Cowslip-flowers or of the leaves of Lettices or the distill'd water of the red Poppey or Syrup of the same Moreover Emulsions of the seeds of the white Poppey Syrupus de Meconio and other things that are mild and soothing the Spirits are proper There being an infinite number of Melancholick persons as well as of Fools I shall illustrate our hypothesis only with two examples in one of which the Disease began from the sensitive part of the Soul or from the Animal Spirits and in the other from its Vital part to wit from the Blood Some time since a renowned man about forty years of age of a florid countenance chearful and quick at all business being afflicted in mind and very much dejected by reason of some misfortunes became thenceforward very sad and melancholy with a dead and fallen aspect When first I went to see him he complain'd of much trouble and distraction of his thoughts which were so great that his Fancy being occupied day and night without intermission he liv'd wholly without sleep and nevertheless this Person minded not at all the concerns of the Publick nor of his own Family nor was he greatly sollicitous concerning the welfare of his Soul or the health of his Body but rather was continually perplext about petty things and almost of no moment he was so fearful of all things that he fancied some harm or Death would presently happen to him upon any little accident In fine he always liv'd so sad as tho he endeavour'd to exceed Heraclitus in mourning Moreover he was troubled with so great a straitness and constriction of his Heart that it seem'd to him as tho the whole Praecordia were most closely strain'd together as a first contracted and he thought that he always carried a vast and very oppressive burthen there which forc'd him always to go forward and stooping towards the Earth Whilst he was discoursing with his friends that constriction and oppression of the Praecordia was wont somewhat to remit but then upon any unusual object striking him with a terrour it returned with more violence Nor was he only troubled with a certain constriction in the Precordia but in the whole Body besides and a certain weight as it were seemed to lye on the Region of his Loyns also on his Shoulders and Arms. As to the Cure of this Person after various Medicines us'd without any great success at length I perswaded him because it was Summer to drink our artificial Spaw-waters for six weeks Therefore in the first place in four pounds of Fountain-water I infus'd for a night of our Steel prepar'd half a dram and afterward as much in eight pounds of Water The Diseased every morning drank the clear Liquor and within four or five hours discharged the greater part of it by Urine He took moreover going to Bed and early in the morning a dose of an
appropriate Electuary such as above-described with a Cephalick Julep Within two months he was m uch better and afterward came to himself by degrees Whilst I was writing these things a young man of Quality lately returned from travelling beyond the Seas and being become sickly committed himself to our care This Person being formerly of a sanguine and chearful temperament of a gay behaviour also of an acute wit and a clear disposition as he travelled through Foreign Countries and being in a certain Summer in Spain he felt in himself a great alteration from the intense heats of that place For first he became obnoxious to frequent effervescencies of the Blood with sudden flushings of heat in the palms of his Hands and the soles of his Feet and to prickings often wont to arise in his whole Body and presently to go away again Afterward finding himself worse as to his Appetite and Sleep and likewise growing dull and somewhat sad he began to affect less and sometimes to shun any business or delights nay and conversation with his friends At length this indisposition daily growing worse without any manifest cause or real trouble of mind he became Melancholick so that always being thoughtful fearful and sad he took delight in nothing For Studies Exercises Travelling Conversation with learned men and all other things which before he delighted in were then wont to be a trouble or terrour to him Being affected after this manner for two years he was so much changed from himself as tho he were another man In order to a Cure he consulted the most skilful Physicians of Spain France Holland and of late in England and tryed various methods of Curing tho scarce with any benefit To wit that melancholy Discrasy of the Blood first contracted by the distemper of the Air continuing still caused Spirits of an acetous nature as it were to be supplied to the Animal oeconomy In the first place I thought good to commend to this Person the following Remedies Take Gerion's decoction of Senna with Tamarinds half an ounce four ounces Purging Syrup of Apples an ounce Aqua mirabilis two drams mix them let him take it with governance repeating it within nine days afer Purging let Bood be drawn with Leeches to three ounces Take of our Syrup of Steel six ounces let a Spoonfull be taken in the morning and atfive of the Clock in three ounces of the following Liquor walking upon it for an hour or two Take leaves of Baum Borrage Buglosse Burnet Meadow-sweet Harts-tongue Water-cresses of each four handfuls roots of Borrage half a pound Clove-gilliflowers Marygold flowers of each three handfuls the outward rinds of eight Oranges and four Lemmons Mace half an ounce being sliced and bruis'd pour to them of Whey made with Cyder eight pounds distill it with common Organs Take Conserve of Clove-gilliflowers the flowers of Betony and Borrage of each one ounce and half Pearl powdred two drams red Coral prepared a dram and a half Species of the Confection of Hyacinth two drams Syrup of Coral and red Poppyes of each what suffizes make an opiat let the quantity of a Chesnut be taken every Evening drinking after it two or three ounces of the water of Cowslip flowers After sixteen or twenty dayes the method of alteratives being changed instead of these let him take the following Take powder of Ivory Pearl red Coral prepared of each two drams Roots of male Peony a dram and a half Lignum Aloes half a dram Orange Tablets four ounces a solution of Tragacanth made in baum-Baum-water what suffises make Tablets weighing half a dram let four be eaten in the Morning and at five of the Clock drinking after it a draught of Tea Take of the same Powder without Tablets half an ounce Flowers of Sal Armoniack Salt of Coral of each a dram with Chios Turpentine six drams make amass let half a dram be taken Morning and Evening drinking after it three ounces of the distilled Water Let him feed only on Food of a good Juice and of an easie Concoction let him drink small Ale with the Leaves of Harts-tongue infused in it he may sip a little now and then of Wine with Water in it or of Cyder Let him lead his Life continually occupied sometimes in easie Employs sometimes in moderate Exercises or Recreations of various kinds So far of universal Melancholy in which the diseased are in a manner indifferently affected by any Object so that in every place by any Accidents and Circumstances they are continually perplext with a multitude of Thoughts with a Raving Fear and Sadness A Melancholy is said to be Special when the diseased have regard to some particular thing or to some certain kind of things of which they in a manner alwayes think and by reason of all the Powers of the Soul being continually spent in this one thing they live always pensive and sad Moreover they have absurd and incongruous Notions not only concerning that Object but also concerning many other Accidents and Subjects In this affect the corporeal soul being altered from its proper Species assumes a certain new one and being not conformable to the rational Soul or to the Body or to it self it undergoes a certain Metamorphosis There are two kinds of occasions from which a particular Melancholy chiefly and most frequently arises viz. first if at any time some severe pressure of an Evil present or at hand whether it be true or imaginary lyes upon the Soul or secondly if the privation of a good before obtained or the despair of that which is desired happen In these opposite Cases the corporeal Soul either being allur'd outwardly omits all domestick care of it self or of the Body or of the rational Soul or being inwardly compress'd it leaves or perverts the offices both of the Reason and of the Vital and Animal Function It were a thing of an immense Labour to enumerate the various Cases and wayes of affecting in both kinds among the mighty store of them those which being of greatest moment seem chiefly to require a physical help are a furious Love Jealousie Superstition despair of eternal Salvation the imaginary Metamorphosis of the Body or of its Parts or the fantastical Goods or Evils of Fortune we shall speak briefly of each of these It is a vulgar and most common observation that if any one once being taken with the Aspect and Conversation of a Woman begins inwardly to be love-sick for her and to desire her earnestly and for his most devoted affection gets nothing but denials and Contempt unless he be upheld by a very strong Reason or being seized by other affections be turned another way as it were there is great danger lest he fall into a Love-melancholy with which Passion if he happen to be affected presently he seems transformed from himself into a living Statue as it were he thinks or speaks of nothing but his Mistris he seeks to put himself upon any of the greatest dangers of Life and Fortune
given craftily and the Person not knowing of it let it be put in a crust of white Bread to be taken in Broath or Milk let this vomitory be frequently repeated viz. once within four dayes Take Mercurius Vitae six or seven grains make a Powder let it be given after the same manner The Emetick Tartar of Mynsicht Hercules Bovii and other various preparations of Mercury may begiven after the sme manner Aurum Vitae or the Solar and also the Lunar precipitate are accounted by Chymists specifick Remedies against against Madness and indeed Mercurial Medicines in as much as they work by Vomit and Seige and often also by Sweat Vrine or Salivation prove egregiously beneficial a copious Spitting and of long continuance has perfectly cru'd some mad persons Strong Pruges where the strength and constitution will bear them in as much as they depress the exorbitances of the Blood and spirits and much evacuate the emunctories for receiving the recrements of the Rlood and Nervous juice often give relief also in this Disease For this use preparations of black Hellebore as especially its extract and the Wine of the infusion of its Fibres or the pap of an Apple boyled with the Roots of it sticking in it are very much commended Take extract of black Hellebore Calamelanos of each a scruple make a Bolus Take Calamelanos a scruple Diagridium from twelve grains to fifteen make a Powder Take Confectio Hamec or the Electuary of the Juice of Roses from half an ounce to six drams let it be given in Broth. Take Gereons Decoction of Senna or the Decoction of Epithymum with two drams of the roots of Black Hellebore six ounces make a draught The Pulvis Diasennae two drams let it be taken in Whey In the mean while that these things are done let the preservatory Indication take care of the Cause of the Disease Wherefore with these frequent Purges and Bloodings let alterig Remedies be interlac'd for tempering the Blood and nervous Juice and for reducing them to their due Crases if haply the diseased being obsequious and tractable do not refuse to take such things methodically Take crystal Mineral or Nitre excellently purified two ounces Pearl powdred two drams Sugar-Candy two drams and a half Camphire half a Scruple let them all be ground into a subtle Powder let two drams of this be put in a Glass-bottle holding a quart with fountain-Fountain-water or small or mild Beer for ordinary Drink wich may be given at pleasure Let boyling Whey be poured to the Flowers of Violets or Nymphea after an infusion for two hours let it be drank off plentifully Spaw-waters also drank regularly and in a plentiful manner are proper for mad Persons Take fresh and tender tops of Borrage and Bugloss of each four handfuls three mash'd Apples Sal Prunella two drams Sugar half an ounce being bruised together pour to them three pounds of rountain-Rountain-water express it strongly let half a pound be taken thrice a day or oftner Take Conserve of the Flowers of Borrage and Violets of each three drams Confection of Hyacinth Alchermes of each two drams Coral prepared a dram and a half Pearl powdred a dram Salt of Coral a dram Syrup of red Poppyes what suffices make an Electuary wherefore let two drams be taken twice or thrice a day drinking after it of the following Liquour four ounces Take Water of Nymphea Borrage Bugloss black Cherryes of each four ounces of red Poppyes six ounces red rose-Rose-water two ounces Camphire tyed in a Nodulus and hung in a Glass half a dram Syrup of Coral an ounce and a half mix them make a Julep Take the yellow Flowers of a Willow what suffises distill them with common Organs repeat the distillation pouring the Water on fresh Flowers by three Cohobations let it be given to four ounces twice or thrice a day sweetning it with Syrup of Nymphaea Take leaves of the Willow Meadow-sweet Burnet Borrage Baum of each six handfuls Flowers of Nymphaea tops of St. Johns Wort of each four handfuls Camphire powdred three drams all being slic'd together pour to them of fresh Milk eight pounds distill it with common Organs Let Sheeps Brains be distilled with milk and let the Water be given to three or four ounces thrice a day Moreover let specifick Remedies be applyed to use of which kind the Decoction of Pimpernell with a purple Flower is famous also the tops of St. Johns Wort and other Decoctions Opiats and powders against Madness well known by all famous Empiricks As to the cure of Madness caused by the biting of venemous or mad Animals since it is in a manner only Empirial and vulgarly known there is no need for us to discourse of it in this place we having also propos'd our Conjectures concerning it elsewhere Again the Decoction or infusion of Apples either crude or boyled in fountain Water the Liquour Tea Emulsions with many other things forms of which we have given in the cure of Melancholy are proper in this case Moreover many other helps besides Blooding are wont to be afforded from Cbirurgery for curing this Disease Cupping-glasses with a Scarification often do good Vesicatories Cauteries both actual and potential are commended by many Some commend Arteriotomy others trepanning and others Salivation But these kinds of administrations besides that they are of a doubtful effect cannot easily and searce with safety come in practice by reason of the intractable disposition of the Diseased Wherefore it would be superfluous here to enquire into the reasons of the relief or Cure to be expected from those things It is good sometimes the Head being shav'd to apply the warm Lungs of a Lamb or Sheep and other fomentations to the Sinciput and now and then to change them But these Epithemes also in regard they cannot be methodically applied and repeated to the Diseased who admit them with reluctancy often do more hury than good 30. The Vital Indication directs how mad persons ought to be handled as to their Government Diet and Sleep In this Disease otherwise than in many others there is no need of restoring for neither ought the strength to be restor'd with Resumptives nor the Spirits with Cordials but on the contrary a suppression or as it were a certain extlnction is to be us'd to both being too exorbitant of themselves resembling a flame as it were burning above measure Therefore let the Dyet be thin and not delicate the cloathing course the lodging hard the dealing with them severe and rigid But Sleep because it is very necessary if it be wholly wanting ought sometimes to be caus'd by giving Remedies for which end the Hypnotick Medicines prescribed before for Melancholy are proper also in this disease those who have an inveterate habitual Madness are seldom put to a Physical cure but being committed to Hospitals for mad Persons by the ordinary discipline of that Place either return at length to themselves or are kept there from doing hurt to themselves or others It
let a gentle purge sometimes and letting blood in a small quantity if the strength will bear it frequently be used for the same pursose and likewise for deriving Faeculencies from the Brain Issues are proper in the Arm or in the Leg or together in both in gross Bodies and such as have a moist Brain it is good sometimes to cut two by the Shoulder blades Moreover it is on this account that some mightily extoll trepanning to wit whereby the Brain may transpire and evaporate the more freely let the diet belight and attenuating the Habitation in a free and dry Air the Sleep moderate After that these things have been used for some time and in a solemn manner if there be found no change it will be in vain to waste any more physical Oyle and Labour but if after the use of those things signs of benefit or some hope appear sometimes it seems proper to add altering Remedies to be taken daily at Physical hours for a long time Forms of these may be taken from our curatory part of Physick before delivered for removing the Procatarxes of most Cephalick Diseases Moreover I have thought good to add here besides some Magistral Receipts which particularly regard this case Take Spirit of Armoniack succinated six drams give from fifteen drops to twenty in the Evening and early in the Morning in three spoonfuls of the following distilled water drinking after it seven spoonfuls of the same Take fresh leaves of mistletoe growing on Apple-trees six handfuls Sage Rosemary Savory Wild-time Calamint Penny-royal Marjoyam the greater Rochet of each four handfuls roots of Angelica Master-wort of each six ounces Zedoary the lesser Galingal Calamus Aromaticus Winters bark of each two ounces Cloves Nutinegs Mace Cinnamon Ginger of each an ounce Cubebs Cardamums Grains of Paradise of each six drams all being slic'd small and bruised pour to them of the best Canary wine twelve pounds let them digest cold and in a close Vessel for three dayes then distill them according to Art let the whole Liquor be mixt and sweeten it with Sugar as you use it the Dose is two or three ounces After the use of Spirit of Armoniack for fifteen or twenty dayes let other Medicines have their turns for about the same space of time such as are the Spirits of Soot Harts-horn mans skull the tincture of Coral Antimony Castoreum Amber Quercitan's Elixir of Life Elixir Proprietatis Spirit of Lavender c. Or Take Conserve of the flowers of Lillies of the Valley six ounces roots of Aromatick-reed preserv'd six drams Ginger condited in the Indies Nutmegs condited of each half an ounce Species Diambrae two drams Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders roots of choice Zedoary Cubebs Jamaica Pepper of each a dram and half Coral prepar'd two drams Syrup of the Preserve of Ginger what suffices make an Electuary the Dose is two drams morning and evening drinking after it three ounces of the distill'd Water Let those whose Brains abound with too much moisture drink every morning a draught of Coffee with the leaves of Sage first boyled in it to those whose animal Spirits are effaete and depauperated the drink of Chocolate such as before describ'd seems profitable For ordinary drink prepare small Ale or Beer and in a Vessel of three or four Gallons let the following Bag be put after it has wrought Take leaves of Salvia acuta dried four handfuls Cubebs an ounce Cloves Nutmegs being slic'd and bruis'd mix them according to art Outward Applications have place here or which kind are a Cucupha or Cap Plaisters and Liniments and sometimes let these sometimes those or the others be us'd Take Flowers of Lillies of the Valley Rofemary and Staechas of each a handful Celtick spike two drams Roots of Cyperus the lesser Galingal Florentine orris of each three drams Labdanum Benzoin Balsam of Tolu Amber of each two drams Nutmegs Colves Mace Cinnamon of each a dram and a half make of all a jubtle powder and sew it into a cap interlacing it with Cotton Take of the Plaister call'd Flos Vnguentorum two ounces Tachamahacha Ceranna Balsam of Tolu of each three drams powder of Amber and Myrrhe of each two drams Cloves Nutmegs Mace of each a dram being melted together let them be made into a mass of which let a Plaister be made to be spread on Leather and to be apply'd to the Head shav'd Take Oyle of Palm half an ounce oleum Capivii three drams Balsam of Peru a dram oyl of Nutmegs by expression two drams oyl of Amber half a dram make a liniment for the Head I could add here many other Medicines and wayes of Administrations but let these suffice in a Case almost desperate where most commonly no Remedies do good and the Cure is never perfected CHAP. XIII Instructions and Prescripts for curing the Gout AMong the Diseases of the Head and Genus nervosum we justly rank also certain Affects which are wont chiefly to infest the Feet and Belly to wit the Gout and Colick For we may conclude from the primary symptom viz. Pain that the Seats of both are in the nervous parts I shall speak in the first place of the for mer. The Gout most commonly is wont to arise about the Internodia of the Bones of the Feet tho often it happens in the Joynts of the Hip Knee Elbow Shoulder Wrist Ancle and of other Parts The Fits of this Affect which in a manner is always intermittent either seize at random or periodically which ending sometimes sooner sometimes later good lucid Intervals ensue presently upon the first invasion Pains for the most part arise without any swelling tho afterward about the height of the Disease the Part affected often swells the Pains about the beinning scarce yield to any Remedies but are wont to be very much exasperated by Catharticks and not presently to be driven away or asswag'd by Topicks the Fits most commonly seize on a sudden and without a precious affect tho sometimes it has a fore-running effervescence in the Blood or a little Fever The Disposition to this Disease sometimes is Hereditary sometimes acquir'd through an ill Diet the Occasions or Causes which being wont to actuate the Disposition raise the Arthritick Pains are some violent alterations or Passions inflicted on the Humours and Spirits Hence Surfeiting immoderate drinking especially of acid and thin Wines Transpiration letted Anger immoderate Venery Sadness also the Revolutions and great changes of the Year and Air every where bring Fits of this Disease those that are obnoxious to this are also in danger of being sometimes troubled with the Stone or Gravel in the Kidneys and on the contrary moreover the Gout increasing gathers together every where about its chief Seats to wit the Joynts a calculous matter and there raises a tophous mass The Parts affected upon the twitching of whose Fibres the Pains are raised for the most part are the Periostia or the Membranes covering the heads of the Bones also the Tendons and
Cataplasms of Chammomil Mallows Marshmallows Linseed and Faenugreek seeds do little or no good nay often much offend the nervous parts by relaxing them the Dissolutions or Stillatitious Liquours of Sal Armoniack Sea-salt Nitre Vitriol quick Lime and the like which in other Humours and Pains are always offensive are wont to prove very beneficial Of these kinds of Liquours to be applyed to the part pained in Fits of the Gout several are prescribed by Quercitan Crollius Hartman and other Chymists which since other famous Physicians upon frequent tryals have approved off we conclude them to have given relief for the foresaid reason I need not repeat here the forms of these as I could suggest many other Preparations of the same sort I shall here only add one or two Take Salt of Tartar and Armoniack powdred of each two ounces dissolve them in four pounds of Rain-water or Fountain-water let it be used luke-warm with Linnen-Cloaths dipt in them Take spirit of Vitriol not rectified a pound Sea-salt calcin'd and powdred a pound mix them and distill them in a Glass Retort with a sand heat there will come forth a pure spirit of Salt to wit which being driven from its seat by the distilled Liquor of the Vitriol and leaving to it its possession will easily dscend to the Caput mortuum pour Spirit of Wine two pounds make a close and warm digestion adding of Camphire two drams let it be applyed warm to the part grieved with Linnen Cloaths Take filings of Iron Flowers of Sal Armoniack of each six ounces mix them by boyling them together let it be distilled in a Glass Retort till the Flowers are sublimed to the caput mortuum bruis'd pour spirit of Wine digest and keep it for use I have heard that some for appeasing Pains of the Gout put the foot affected in a bag fill'd with Sea-salt calcin'd and powdred from which they still expect a certain and quick relief In the declination of the Fit to strengthen the part and to discuss the remainder of the morbifick matter Plaisters are usefully applyed which nevertheless do not all agree indifferently with all Persons but with these more hot with othérs less hot tho with most those are wont to be most efficacious in which are red Lead Litharge Mercury and other mineral or saline things we use chiefly a Plaister of red Lead Cerusse and Soap boyled with Oyle or take the red Lead Plaister two parts Paracelsus's Playster one part mix them and spread them on Leather Inward Remedies to be used against Pains of the Gout are in a manner only Narcoticks which ought to be given in a cruel and long continued Pain Of these we most commend Preparations of Opium with Salt of Tartar or its Tincture Moreover for this use Paracelsus's or the London Laudanum Pilul de Styrace de Cynoglosso Syrup of Meconium Venice Treacle and Diascordium are wont to prove beneficial The second indication called preservatory has respect to the removal of the Procatarctick Causes of the Gout so that the Fits of the Gout may molest with invasions more seldom and less or not at all For this end evacuating altering and corroborating Remedies together with an exact sorm of Dyet are prescribed to be used out of the Fits 1. Therefore Gouty persons ought to Purge solemnly Spring and Fall and it will be convenient then to give a Vomit if nothing indicates the contrary and afterward to repeat it sometimes by intervals Those who have a strong Stomach and Praecordia may take Mineral Emeticks prepar'd of Antimony and Mercury Those who are of a more tender constitution after having eaten slippery food may take Wine of Squills or Salt of Vitriol with Whey Afterward the Stomach being filled with warm Water or plain Posset-drink or with the leaves of Carduus boyled in it let a Vomiting be raised twice or thrice or oftner For Purging to be used also frequently at fit intervals of time the forms of Purges above prescribed may be proper enough Or Take threads of black Hellebore cleansed an ounce lignum aloes Cloves of each two drams being bruised pour to them of Spirit of Wine not rectified two pounds let there by a close and warm digestion for many days the dose is two or three spoonfuls in the morning twice or thrice a week and let Vomiting and Purging always be begun before the Equinoxes lest haply the fit hapning first may prevent the course of Physick Blooding or opening of the hemorrhoid Vessels are sometimes proper Spring and Fall to Persons of a hot temperament and a sharp Blood Cauteries made in the Arms and near the Shoulder-blades are useful in a manner to all that are obnoxious to this Disease Moreover altering Remedies call'd by the Ancients the Antidotes of the Gout are of excellent use and being taken sor a long time together with an exact governance as to the six nonnatural things often give great relief In this rank Medicines endow'd with a Volatile Salt or a Balsamick Sulphur to wit inasmuch as these exalt the fixt Salt and those reduce the acetous are accounted the chief again bitter and astringent things as the Herbs Germander Groundpine Centory Roots of Gentian and Birthwort c. since they are approv'd of by experience in this Disease seem to be profitable for this reason that they help the offices of Concoction and Chylification and keep the saline faeculencies from being carried into the Blood Let us set down certain forms of each of these Take Powder of Groundpine six dram Crabs-eyes two drams Venice Turpentine what suffices make small Pills let three or four be taken in the evening and morning for thirty or firty days drinking after it of the following distill'd Water two or three ounces Take leaves of Cypress Firr Misteltoe growing on Apple-trees of each six handfuls Roots of Avens the great Burr-dock of each a pound the outward rinds of ten Oranges and six Limons Nutmegs Mace of each an ounce being all slic'd and bruis'd pour to them of fresh Milk seven pounds Malaga Sack a pound let them be distilled according to art let the whole liquor be mixt Or let a plain Water be prepared of the leaves of the great Burr-dock cohobating it twice or thrice on fresh leaves Take Powder of the Seeds of the great Burr-dock six drams Crabs-eyes two drams Nutmegs half a dram Balsamum Capivii what suffices make a mass and let it be made into little Pills let four be taken in the evening and morning for many dayes Take Tincture of Antimony an ounce the Dose is twenty drops to twenty five in the evening and early in the morning with three ounces of the water even now describ'd To poor People I use to prescribe after this manner Take powder of the leaves of Sage half a pound Crabs-eyes Saccharum Crystallinum of each two ounces mix them let it be kept in a glass let a spoonful be taken twice a day with a draught of the decoction of the leaves of
Colick they may sometimes be given with success in order to agentle Salivation Baths and Sudorificks are generally wont to be prescribed in Pains of the Colick tho as far as it has appear'd to our Observation seldom with good success for these by exagitating the Blood and nervous Humour make them depose more yet of Matter into the Minera of the Colick nay and make the Matter there deposed serment more and be more unruly and very seldom perfectly discuss it Diureticks are wont to be given much more advantageously by which in regard the Blood it fus'd and its Serosities are copiously precipitated thereby the Fuel of the Disease is cut off and the mass of Blood being emptied receives into it a part of the morbifick Matter so that the remainder of it is easily discust For this end Take Spirit of Tartar excellently rectified half an ounce let half a dram be given twice or thrice a day in a Spoonful of two of the following Julep drinking after it of the fame four or five Spoonfuls Take Water of the Leaves of the great Bur-dock or of Aron or Arsinart a pound Water of the flowers of Elder and Cammomil of each four ounces compound water of Gentian and compound Raddish water of each two ounces Sugar six drams mix them After the same manner as Spirit of Tartar you may give in a meet dose sometimes Tincture of Salt of Tartar sometimes Mixtura Simplex or Spirit of Sal Armoniack succinated Take Millepedes prepar'd two drams flowers of Sal Armoniack tartariz'd a dram Oyl of Nutmeggs half a scruple Turpentine what suffises make a mass let it be form'd into Pills let three or four be taken once or twice a day drinking after it a dose of the Julep or five or six spoonfuls of the following distilled Water Take fresh Millepedes cleansed a pound and a half the yellow Coats of six Oranges and of four Limons Nutmeggs in number six being slic'd small add to them Crum of stale white Bread a pound all being bruised together and well mix'd pour to them of fresh Milk four pounds Sack two pounds distill them according to Art let the whole Liquour be mixt and sweetned with Sugar or Syrup of Violets at pleasure In a long continued and obstinate Colick where there are a hot Temperament and Viscera purging Spaw-waters or Whey with Syrup of Viclets is often wont to be drank with great relief for both Liquours where they agree being drank in a plentiful manner cool the Stomack and hot Intestines and presently ease and relax them being contracted with Cramps and painful Corrugations or being convulsively extended with Flatus's Moreover whence I conceive they chiefly give help insinuating saline Particles of another Nature into the morbifick Minera they conquer and subdue the Saline and Irritative Particles residing in it and often carry them forth by purging In this Disease since all things do not agree with all Persons nay nor the same alwayes or a long while with the same Person there is need of the careful observation and daily advice of a prudent Physician that by coindications taken from things that do good good or hurt the method of Cure may be rightly ordered and now and then chang'd The Vital Indication ought to be joyn'd to the Curatory and be now and then interchangeably us'd with it for since the Diseased being almost continually affected with tortures watchings vomiting and abstinence often fall into faintings and are sometimes in danger of Life let Remedies which support the strength refresh the Spirits and procure certain times of truce against the Fits of the Disease viz. Cordials and Hypnoticks have their turns Take water of the Flowers of Camomil and Elder of each four ounces of Cinnamon hordeated of the whole Citron of each two ounces Pearl powdred a dram Sugar four drams make a Julep let five of six spoonfuls be taken now and then Take powder of Pearl Crabs-eyes of each a dram divide it into four parts let one part be given twice or thrice a day with the Julep or with the Decoction of the roots of Contrayerva Take Conserve of Clove-gilliflowers an ounce Confection of Hiacinth Alkermes of each two drams Pearl powdred a dram and a half Syrup of the Juyce of Citrons what suffices make a Confection let the quantity of a Nutmeg be given twice or thrice a day with a Julep In Constitutions that are not hot Spirit of Harts-horn of Soot of Sal Armoniack succinated also Tincture of Antimony or of Coral often do excellently well Opiats in the Cholick are of necessary Use without which the Diseased can neither live nor the Physicians be at any rest or quiet Take water of Cowslip-flowers three ounces Syrup of Meconium half a dram Aqua mirabilis two drams mix them make a draught to be taken going to rest If the pain being very intense will not yield to such a Remedy you must give Preparations and Compositions of Opium Paracelsus's or the London Laudanum Pillul de Styrace or Cynoglosso are proper a Solution of Odium tartariz'd to sixteen or twenty drops is wont to be of chief use with me Which Medicine I have truely given to some Persons long and miserably troubled with this Disease sometimes for a long time one while every night another while every other night with good success 3. The Preservatory Indication having place only in the Intervals of the Fits endeavours the removal of the present Procatarxis of the Disease and the hindring of a future so that the Invasions of Pains may return seldom or never afterwards In order to these things the Blood and nervous Liquour ought to be purified and kept in a due Crasis that they do not engender a morbifick Matter and the Brain and nervous Plexus's of the Abdomen to be strengthned that they do not receive it too readily For these ends a way of dyer being ordered Spring and Fall let solemn Courses of Physick such as we have prescribed for the Prophylaxis of the Gout be entred upon Let Vomiting if it agrees never be omitted in this Case as by which the Emunctories of the Viscera being emptied they may more plentifully receive the Recrements of the Blood and nervous Liquour which would otherwise encrease the morbifick Matter And likewise that the nervous Plexus's and all the parts may be so shaken that nothing which would turn to a Minera of the Disease may be permitted to stagnate or be heap'd together there Let purging for three or four times by due Intervals also in a hot Constitution let blooding be used Moreover let altering Remedies and chiefly Chalybeats when the Person rests from purging be daily taken at physical Hours But above all other Medicines whatsoever Spaw-waters coming from Iron drank in the Summer time for a Month are wont to give most relief but when they are drank diligent care must be taken that they pass off well and quick by Urine or Seige least happily if they stay long in the Body by taking
began to nauseate him I prescrib'd after the following manner Take Powders of Tormentil Roots of Contrayerva Bole Armenick Alexiteriated of each a Dram Pearl Red Coral prepar'd White Amber of each half a Dram make a Powder the Dose is half a Dram in the following distill'd water Take Tops of Cypress and Myrtle of each four handfuls Leaves of Meadow-sweet Burnet St. Johns-wort Avens of each four handfuls Roots of Tormentil Bistort of each six Drams Red Rose-flowers four handfuls Kermes Berries four Ounces Cinnamon Mace of each one Ounce Being all slic'd and bruis'd together pour to them Red Florence Wine and Red Rose water of each four pounds distil all in a common Still let the whole Liquor be mingled and sweetned with Syrup of Coral He took also three or four times a day of the following decoction three or four Ounces Take Roots of Avens and Scorzonera of each an Ounce of Tormentil two Drams Hartshorn burnt and powdred six Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams Tops of St. Johns-wort a handful Flowers of Red Roses and Balaustiae of each a pugil Boil all in three pounds of fountain water till it comes to two adding towards the end of the boiling of Red Lisbon wine four Ounces let it boil close cover'd for an hour then let it be strain'd through Hippocrates Sleeve Every night he took a Scruple of Liquid Laudanum in three Ounces of the Bloody Flux water ev'n now describ'd with three Drams of Syrup of Clove Gilly-flowers in it His common drink was a decoction of burnt Hartshorn with Barley a Crust of Bread Mace and Cinnamon to a Pint and a half of which a Pint of new Milk was added He took the Purging Infusion a second time by the use of which and the things before mentioned within ten days the Feaver left him and the Flux became much more gentle which though without Gripes or much Blood yet still continued with the little pieces of Flesh the fragments of Membranes and a bloody Phlegm or Gelly which daily came from him Therefore to strengthen and heat the intestines the following things were given Take Tops of St. Johns wort Leaves of Perwincle and Mousear of each a handful Red Rose Flowers two pugils Boil them in the Broath of a Sheeps Guts To a pound of the Liquor strain'd add Oyl of St. Johns-wort two Ounces Honey of Roses an Ounce and a half mingle them for two Glysters whereof one was given him in the Morning the other at five a Clock in the Afternoon He wore Emplast de minio Paracelsi upon him Belly He took moreover twice a day three Ounces of Juice of Plantain wrung forth with water of Scordium and Plague water He eat also every day a Quince made hollow and fill'd with the Powders of Olibanum Mastick and Balsam of Tolu and so rosted in the Embers By the constant use of these Remedies he grew perfectly well within a Month. About the same time another robust young man fell into a dreadful Bloody Flux from the first day he was seiz'd frequent stools and very bloody presently brake forth with violence being accompanied with a Pain and Gripes Moreover a strong Feaver with a cruel Vomiting Thirst and Wakings molested him These Symptoms being a little mitigated with Opiats a Delirium and a Vertigo with an intermittent Pulse and horrible extensions and contractions of his Limbs presently seiz'd him this hapning because the malignant matter which was inwardly restrain'd presently flow'd into the Brain and Nerves Nevertheless as often as the Looseness and Vomiting return'd these affects were presently appeas'd On the fifth day Vomiting up a bloody matter he complain'd of a great torture in his Stomach and of a Pain as though it were Ulcerated and in truth I suspected that there might be a beginning of some Inflam'd Blisters or Ulcers in it as it usually happens in the Intestines but by giving him Emollient Broths with Milk in them his Vomiting and the tortures of his Stomach soon ceased his Flux in the mean time encreasing He took that night of Diacodium an Ounce Cowslip water and small Cinnamon water of each an Ounce and a half by which Medicine he was so much reliev'd that in twenty four hours space his Vomiting and Pains left him and he was only troubled with a few Stools and having a good indifferent Pulse and frequent Sleeps he was pretty well yet the following night though he took again the same Opiate his Flux return'd and that with very frequent Stools and bloody as before The next day after he took an Infusion of Rhubarb with Mirobalans Red Saunders and Cinnamon He often voided Bilous and very sharp Excrements but without the least of Blood then in the Evening he took Liquid Laudanum Cydoniated twenty five Grains in a good spoonful of Cinnamon water hordeated he had moderate and quiet Sleeps Afterwards loathing any more Medicines he took only an Opiate every Evening sometimes of one sort and sometimes of another and in a short time grew very well CHAP. V. Instructions concerning Diuretick Medicines or such as work by Vrine with Diuretick Prescripts THe chief Scopes or ends of Diuretick Medicines are as follows First If at any time the Blood becomes so compact and tenacious from a fixt Salt Sulphur and Earth fermented together and mutually combin'd in it that the Watery Particles do not easily separate from the rest Diureticks fit to loosen its Texture and to fuse the Serum must be such as excel in a volatile or acid Salt for such Particles chiefly dissolve any coalitions caus'd by a fixt Salt But in regard this disposition is common both to a Feaver and the Scurvy in the former affect the most proper Diureticks are the temperate Acids of Vegetables also Sal Nitre the Spirits of Sea-Salt of Vitriol c. And likewise such as have a Volatile Salt as the Spirits of Hartshorn of Sal Armoniack Salt of Amber of Vipers and others of this kind which we have also rang'd amongst Diaphoreticks In a Scorbutick disposition when the Urine is but in a small quantity and thick the Juices of Herbs and preparations both of a sharp or tart and acid nature are of excellent use also Salt and Spirit of Vrine of Sal Armoniack of Tartar c. Secondly Sometimes the Blood does not retain the Serum long enough within its Body but either being obnoxious to Fluxions or rather Coagulations it deposes it here and there in a great abundance even more than enough whence it breeds Catarrhs or Tumours in many places Or the Blood being become of a weak habit and withal of a depraved constitution to wit inclining to a sourness its apt to coagulate as to its more gross Particles so that the more subtle Particles being every where thrown off in circulating and falling on the weaker parts cause sometimes distempers of the Head or Breast sometimes an Ascites or Anasarca And we shall hereafter shew how a Diabetes happens from
Crystal Mineral two Drams Salt of Amber a Dram Salt of Hartshorn a Scruple Mix them the Dose is from fifteen Grains to twenty twice a day with the distill'd water Of the intermitting Pulse and its Cure AMong the Passions of the Heart the intermitting Pulse may justly be numbred because in this affect or at least in some kind of it the Heart it self labours though in somewhat a different manner than in its panting or trembling for in these it is ill dispos'd and irregular as to its motion but in that as to its rest this being sometimes twice longer than it uses to be in its ordinary course This intermitting Pulse or over-long Cessation of Motion in the Heart does not proceed from the mixture or Crasis of the Blood but only from the irregular dispensation of the Animal Spirits from the Cerebellum into the Nerves that pass to the Heart and thence into its Tendons which irregularity happens because those Nerves are somewhat obstructed Although this Affect being very often without present hurt or danger does not require an over-hasty Cure yet for preservation sake lest some great Diseases follow it Remedies and a method of Cure ought to be used at least for the whole remainder of the Persons Life let him keep to a Diet well ordered in all respects Moreover let some gentle Course of Physick be prescrib'd him to be constantly observ'd Spring and Fall viz. That all the Seminal Roots of Diseases founded in the Brain or apt to be there engendred may be taken away as much as may be for this end we here direct you to the Prophylactick method with the Medicines prescrib'd by us elsewhere against the Fits of the Apoplexy CHAP. XI Instructions concerning Opiats or Medicines that cause Sleep with their good and ill Effects together with Prescripts of them OPiats exert their Force not by raising vapours to the Head nor by opening the Pores of the Brain for any vapours or other Soporiferous matter to be admitted into it but only by destroying some of the Animal Spirits so that the residue being in a consternation or forc'd inward or at least called back from their wonted Emanation into the nervous parts quit their office or in some measure remit of it The Narcotick force of Opiats consists in this that as the Animal Spirits are most subtile Corpuscles compos'd of Spirit and a volatile Salt united together and exalted to a very high pitch so Opiats on the contrary consist of a fetid Sulphur that is of a Sulphur together combin'd with a fixt Salt and an Earthy matter and carried up to a most high degree in like manner Which sort of Concrets are well known to be so contrary to the subtile Texture of the Animal Spirits that sometimes they put them to flights or subvert them at a distance by meer Effluvia's which are very hardly or indeed not at all perceivable by the smell Opiats given in a small quantity chiefly and in a manner only regard those Spirits to which the particular charge of natural and ordinary sleep is committed the rest being either untouch'd or little letted by them Wherefore after a Dose of Laudanum is taken both the inward and outward senses are bound but the Pulse Respiration also the functions of Concoction and Separation are continued after their usual manner and after some time the Spirits of the first employ return to their wonted Post But if an Opiat be stronger than it ought it extends its Force father into the Province of the Animal government so that an over-great Dose of it being taken the Appetite for the most part is dull'd Respiration is much streightn'd and rendred not only difficult but likewise uneven or interrupted and sometimes also the motion of the Heart is so far debilitated that the Pulse presently grows weaker with a cold Sweat a deadness and an Eclipse as it were of all the faculties so that a perpetual sleep sometimes follows this Medicine The good Effects of Opiats FIrst then Opiats are most properly and necessarily Indicated in case of want of sleep for then being seasonably and duly Administred they give a refreshing repose Secondly In Delirous affects Opiats are given with good effect though sometimes they rather do hurt than good as we shall shew hereafter because the Spirits being then mov'd with too much eagerness within the Brain and as it were struck with a rage and passing their wonted bounds the Opiats repress them and make them quietly retreat into their former stations Thirdly Opium is accounted of most excellent use for appeasing all sorts of Pains For since Pain cannot be caus'd or continued but a great plenty of Spirits must always abound in the part affected in case the Nerves are so clos'd that the passing of the Spirits to the place griev'd be hindred or much diminish'd which Opium effects it follows of necessity that the Pain must cease For the Particles of this Medicine besetting the extream parts of the Brain do not only quell the forlorn Spirits in its outmost part but likewise strongly suppress them in their Original source within the Brain and in the midst of the Cerebellum and consequently hinder their Emanations from thence into the Genus Nervosum so that during the Energy of the Opium they are sent more sparingly and thinly into the Precordia and Viscera nay and into all other parts Hence the Pulse and Breathing remit of their vehemency and frequency many times also all the Members and Limbs are seiz'd with a Languor and Lassitude Moreover hence the Viscera before irritated into Convulsions either tending to Excretions as by Vomit or seige or causing Pain as in the Colick or Stone depose their disorders Again the good effect of Narcoticks is notoriously known in the Cure of the Scorbutick Colick In Pains of the Gout they also do excellently well and so in the Pain of the Stone in the Bladder which Disease when it cruelly torments Old Men and cannot be Cur'd by Cutting admits no ease from any other Remedy but from Narcoticks Wherefore in this case I have advis'd some to the constant and daily use of Laudanum and Diacodium which they have put in practice to the great comfort of their life receiving no hurt thereby though sometimes augmenting its Dose they have taken to a great quantity Fourthly Opiats are seasonably given if at any time the Pulse or Breathing are more quick or vehement than they ought for when in Feavers the Motion of the Heart and Lungs being made more intense give a most rapid Circulation to the Blood so that it is greatly perverted both as to its Accension and as to its Crasis and is not able to separate its drossy Excrements which are so throughly mixt with it After a Narcotick is given presently the Impetus of those parts is somewhat broken so that the Blood coming then to a gentle and moderate Circulation diffuses a less intense heat and being loosen'd in its Texture it purges its Serum
which answering the Secondary Indication prescribes ripening and expectorating Medicines the Forms following are proper Take Linseed Oyl fresh drawn three Ounces Syrup of Violets two Ounces Hyssop water half a pound Mix them in a Glass take two or three Ounces thrice a day shaking the Glass first Take Olibanum powdred a Dram put it in an Apple made hollow and let it Roast in hot Embers Let it be eaten going to Bed and let the person do this three or four times Take Oyl of sweet Almonds fresh drawn Syrup of Maiden-hair of each an Ounce and a half Sugar Candy two Drams Bruise them in a Glass Mortar till they are throughly mixt Make a Linctus and take of it often with a stick of Licorice Take also a spoonful of it thrice a day in a draught of Posset-drink As to the rest the Remedies prescrib'd in a beginning Phthisick are good also here I shall now give you an example or two of Persons affected with a Peripneumonia Whilst I was writing these things I was call'd to one very ill of a Peripneumonia This Person being about Fifty Years of Age of a lean Body and a Bilious temperament upon taking Cold fell into a Feaver with a Cough a pain in his Brest and a difficulty of Breathing Having so lain ill four days without any Remedy or Physical Administration I found him in a high Feaver with a Thirst and mighty Inflammation of his Praecordia and fetching Breath with great Pain and difficulty his Thorax much labouring and being troubled with a wheezing in the Wind-pipe so that he seem'd manifestly in the very Agony of Death His Pulse though quick and troubled yet being strong enough I presently ordered eight or ten Ounces of Blood to be taken from him By which finding some ease after three hours intermission a Glyster being first Administred I ordered him to Bleed again to twelve Ounces Moreover I directed him to take twelve drops of Spirit of Hartshorn every sixth Hour with a proper Julape and betwixt whiles a Dose of the following Powder Take Powder of Crabs Eyes and Sal Prunella of each a Dram and a half Pearl a Dram Sugar Candy two Scruples Make a Powder divide it into eight parts He took also a Draught of a Pectoral Apozeme often at pleasure by the use of these things all the Symptoms began to abate within three days and the night following he sweated and slept a little The Day after he was Blooded again and afterwards the same Medicines being continued he perfectly recovered within four or five days The Blood taken from him was always in its surface viscous and ill coloured A Gentleman of a Sanguine Complexion and a strong habit of Body after immoderate drinking of Wine fell into a Feaver with a dangerous Peripneumonia so that thirst and heat very much pressing him and sitting upright always in his Bed or in his Chair and almost continually panting he had very much ado to draw in Air enough to support Life He being not able to lose much Blood at a time I drew Blood twice or thrice from him one day after another frequent Glysters were Administred Moreover Apozemes Julapes also Spirit of Sal Armoniack and Powders of Shells were given him by turns Within four or five days the Feaver abated somewhat and he began to breath better and to take now and then short sleeps though he complain'd still of a mighty heaviness upon his Breast and an intolerable oppression of his Lungs Wherefore bleeding being no longer safe I apply'd large Vesicatories to his Arms and Legs The Blisters in his Arms dry'd up in a short time but those on his Legs did not only continue open but ran mightily after five or six days and so for near a Month daily discharg'd a vast quantity of a most sharp humour In the mean time his Lungs grew better by little and little and at length were wholly freed of their incumberance Lastly The Blisters rais'd by the Vesicatories could very hardly be throughly Cur'd and not without frequent Purging CHAP. IV. Instructions and Prescripts for the Cure of the Pleurisie THe Pleurisie is an Inflammation of the Pleura caus'd by a boiling Blood flowing into it through the Vertebral Arteries and there growing clammy with a continual and acute Feaver a pricking pain of the side a Cough and a difficulty of breathing When a Pleurisie commencing passes into a Peripneumonia or an Empyema or inclines to a Phthisick there is a proper method of Cure particularly set down in each of those Diseases for it But as to what concerns our present purpose Three Indications present themselves for a primary and simple Pleurisie viz. a Curatory Preservatory and Vital one The First Indication takes care that the Inflammation or Obstruction of the Blood in the Lungs be remov'd by all possible means as soon as may be Wherefore in a Pleurisie let a Vein be open'd and so the strength holds and the Pulse be strong let the Person bleed freely and truly it is much better to take a large quantity of Blood at first and every time after as often as there is need to repeat it than to Bleed often and to draw a a little at a time because a great many portions of the Blood grown clammy and degenerated into a viscous nature are gathered together about the part affected which unless withdrawn from thence upon a great emptying of the Vessels by a large emission of Blood so that the greatest part of them flow forth the bleeding will be frustrated of its desired affect It s all one in which Arm the Vein be open'd though it s now commonly done on the side affected But if by reason of the weakness of the Pulse and the failing of the Animal faculty you ought neither to Bleed at First nor to repeat it though the pain be very urgent then Cupping-Glasses with a Scarification being apply'd to the place griev'd may very well supply its place Moreover to take away the Inflammation of the Pleura besides an Evacuation of Blood by breathing a Vein freely or by Scarification its Serous and other Excrementitious humours must also be set upon and be gently purg'd forth of its Mass and from the Bowels by Siege Urine and Sweat Strong Purges are justly forbidden because they trouble the Blood and force it farther into the Places affected and Antimonial Vomits though approved by some are neither safe nor grounded upon reason Let Glysters be frequently or rather daily Administred nay and sometimes gentle Purges may be allow'd so the Feaver be not very great qualifying Julapes and Decoctions and things gently moving Sweat or Urine such as before prescrib'd for the Peripneumonia are also proper here Let all hot things of a sharp or smart nature whether they are Spices or things containing a Vinous Spirit be carefully avoided The Second Indication being for preservation and directed against the clamminess and effervescency of the Blood prescribes those Medicines which consisting of a Volatile
himself in danger and having try'd some Medicines without any good effect was advised upon a consultation of Physicians to have his Side open'd Wherefore provision for the whole being made a Chyrurgion apply'd a Cautery betwixt the sixth and seventh Vertebrae and the day following he put a Pipe into the Orifice cut into the Cavity of his Brest upon which presently a thick Liquor whitish like Chyle and as it were Milky issued forth There were only about six Ounces taken from him the first time and the day following as much On the third day somewhat a larger quantity being let forth he was presently seiz'd with a great fainting and afterwards being Feaverish he was ill for a day or two Wherefore till he recovered his due temper and strength it was thought fit to stop the egress of that matter and afterwards a small evacuation only of the same being daily made the Cavity of his Brest was in a manner wholly emptied though he still carries the Pipe in the Orifice with a Tap which being drawn forth once in twenty four hours a little gleeting of humour still issues out In the mean time being well dispos'd as to his Stomack Countenance and Strength he Walks and Rides abroad and performs other exercises which he had been formerly us'd to with vigour enough He us'd not much Physick nor did he need it After the Incision we prescrib'd him temperate Cordials viz. Powder of Pearl Julapes and sometimes Hypnoticks and afterwards a vulnerary Decoction to be taken twice every day By this Method and Form of Medicines continued for some time the Person seem'd to recover his due temper strength and habit of Body nay and to be sound in his Breast yet he still carried the Silver Pipe in the Orifice of his Side out of which an Ichor continually issued And when after some Months this being taken forth that Issue was clos'd up there was a gathering again of the same humour within the hollow of the Breast as was perceivable by the sound and floating of it But afterwards as upon the return of the Disease the same Remedy presented it self and consequently the opening of the Side was ordered Nature as it fell out performing the Office of a Chyrurgion it happened of its own accord and gave way for the matter which was ready to break forth and now he is fain to keep that Orifice constantly open as a sink to prevent that gathering of nastiness in his Brest As to the Cure of the Dropsie of the Brest the Primary Indications as usually in Curing most other Diseases are three viz. Curatory Preservatory and Vital The First endeavours that the Waters gathered in the Cavity of the Breast be some way or other evacuated The Second prevents the gathering of new matter The Third takes care to restore strength and speedily to remove the Symptoms that injure it To satisfy the First Indication there are only two ways or manners of evacuation by which that filthy Mass of Waters may be clear'd forth viz. either that the Vessels of the Breast and Ductus's of the humours being emptied drink up again that Lympha when Rarifyed and then convy it forth either by the way of the Blood or of the Breath or Secondly that the water be all let forth in its proper Species by an Incision of the Side The former way though seldom yet sometimes to my knowledge succeeds For the Texture of the Lungs being spongy within and outwardly very Porous whilst upon every Diastole it is dip'd in the waters lying under it it sometimes imbibes them being converted into vapour and so either returns them to the Blood or exhales them with the Air continually breath'd forth at the Mough that this effect may more readily happen for Curing this Disease Physical Aids are here us'd Therefore for that intent the passates of the Blood Air and humours ought to be emptied as much as may be and to be kept open and free For this end let gentle Purges Diureticks and Diaphoreticks be methodically given by turns also Thoracical and Expectorating Remedies must be us'd Let the Diet be thin and heating and let such a method be ordered in all things which may promote the exhalation of the Blood and cause all the superfluous humours to evaporate I shall set down some Forms of Medicines proper for these purposes Take Roots of Chervil Butchers-broom Polypody of the Oak of each an Ounce Leaves of Agrimony Maiden-hair Oak of Hierusalem ground Ivy of each a handful Carthamus-seeds an Ounce Roots of Florentine Orris half an Ounce Boil them in four pounds of fountain water till a third part be consum'd then add to the straining Sena Leaves an Ounce and a half Agarick two Drams Mechoacan Turbith of each half an Ounce yellow Saunders a Dram and a half Roots of the lesser Galingal a Dram Boil them close cover'd for two hours then strain it add of the best Honey two Ounces and Clarify it with the white of an Egg Make a Purging Hydromel the Dose is from six Ounces to eight in the Morning twice or thrice a Week Or Take Calamelanos a Scruple Rosin of Jalap half a Scruple Balsam of Peru what suffices Make four Pills let them be taken in the Morning repeating the Dose within five or six days Take Tincture of Sulphur three Drams give from seven drops to ten going to Bed and early in the Morning in a spoonful of the following Mixture drinking after it three spoonfuls Take the waters of Snails Earth-worms and Compound Radish water of each four Ounces water of the Juice of Elder-berries fermented a pound Syrup of the Juice of ground Ivy two Ounces Mix them make a Julape Or Take Tincture of Gum Ammoniacum or of Galbanum Give to twenty drops at Night and early in the Morning with the same Mixture Or Take Millepedes prepar'd two Drams Flowers of Sulphur two Scruples Flowers of Benzoin a Scruple Powder of wild Carrot and Burdock-seeds of each half a Dram Venice Turpentine what suffices Make a Mass form it into little Pills take four at Night and early in the Morning drinking after it a little draught of the same Julape At nine a Clock in the Morning and five in the Afternon drink a draught of the water of Quick-lime Compound to four Ounces by it self or with some other appropriate Medicine For ordinary drink take the following Bochete Take Roots of Sarsaparilla six Ounces China two Ounces the Woods of white and yellow Saunders of each six Drams shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each three Drams Roots of Calamus Aromaticus half an Ounce Raisins ston'd half a pound Licorice three Drams Let it infuse according to Art and boil it in twelve pounds of fountain water to six pounds strain it I was call'd to a young Scholar at Oxford who had been ill for three Weeks of a pain of his Thorax and of a great difficulty of Breathing that constantly followed him in the Evening which also upon a
Empirical Remedy with our Country men to take Nine Lice alive in the Morning for five or six days by which Remedy I have heard that many have been Cur'd when other things did no good which certainly can give relief no other way but by restoring the Volatile Salt which was depress'd in the Blood On the account of the same way of Curing the Flowers of Sal Armoniack the Volatile Salts of Amber Hartshorn and Soot and likewise their Spirits are often given with great success in this Disease Take Powder of Earth-worms prepar'd two Drams Species Diacurcumae a Dram Flowers of Sal Armoniack half a Dram Salt of Amber a Scruple Extract of Gentian a Dram Saffron a Scruple Gum Ammoniacum dissolv'd in water of Earth-worms what suffices Make a Mass Form it into small Pills the Dose is three or four Morning and Evening drinking after it of the Julape before written three Ounces Take Spirit of Hartshorn ting'd with Saffron three Drams The Dose is from fifteen drops to twenty with the distill'd water above mention'd In this rank of Medicines with which the Blood distemper'd with the Jaundise is intended to be corrected Chalybeats also justly claim a place for these give a considerable relief in the Jaundise as well as in other Cachectical Distempers not so much by opening the obstructions of the Viscera as by depressing the exaltations of the Sulphur and fixt Salt and by volatilizing the Blood Therefore to the Decoction Tincture or Infusion above written the Filings of Iron or its Powder prepar'd its Mineral Texture being some way loosen'd or its Vitriolick Salt extracted may be properly added for hence it is that our Mineral waters sometimes cure even to a Miracle such as are quite given over in the Jaundise Though these waters when drank in a very large quantity passing through all the Vessels open also all the Ductus's of the Liver be they never so much shut up Therefore also to the Electuaries Pills and Powders before exprest preparations of Steel sometimes of one sort and sometimes of another may likewise be added in a fit proportion Moreover you may give to the quantity of a spoonful of its Syrup twice a day in three Ounces of the Anti-icterick Apozeme or distill'd water also the Tincture of Steel to twelve or fifteen drops may be given after the same manner with good effect Lastly in this rank of altering Medicines we ought to place those which are said to Cure this Disease not as inwardly taken but outwardly apply'd either by the touch or being put into the Urine of persons troubled with the Jaundise As to the First it s a common Remedy with the vulgar to take a Tench and apply it to the right Hypochondre or to the Ventricle as some will have it or according to others to the Soles of the Feet of the Person that has the Jaundise whence they expect the Disease to vanish in a short time though many promise a certain Cure by this means yet it did not succeed with me having sometimes try'd it The other Cure of the Jaundise at a distance is said to be done by I know not what Sympathy or secret manner of working Take the fresh Vrine of the Patient made at one time ashes of the Ash-tree searced what suffices Mix them and make it into a Paste and form it into three Balls of an equal bigness and put them in a close place near the Fire or a Stove when these Balls grow dry and hard the Jaundise vanishes After this manner I have known this Disease successfully Cur'd when it was grown inveterate and would not yield to other Remedies this is a familiar practice with the vulgar The reason of this Operation is that when the Lixivial Salt in the ashes is mixt in the Urine it presently sets free the Volatile Salt which before was kept under in it or entangled with other Particles and at the same time that this is done in the Icterical Urine it happens by Sympathy that the Volatile Salt also in the Blood of the Patient gets free from the Dominion of the fixt Salt and Sulphur and consequently the Icterical Dyscrasy of the Blood vanishes And thus Phil. Grulingius and Felix Platerus tell us that Making Water on warm Horsedung has Cur'd many Persons troubled with the Jaundise viz. inasmuch as the fixt Salt of the Urine and consequently of the Blood of the Patient is altered by the Volatile Salt of the fresh Horsedung and is reduc'd to its due temperature The Third and Vital Indication orders a fit Dyet and likewise prescribes Cordials and Anodines both which are often wanted As to what concerns the First the Diet in this Disease is wont to be more Physical than in any other whatsoever For Vegetables and their parts vulgarly call'd Hepatick Remedies are boil'd in the Broaths of persons troubled with the Jaundise their Broaths also are usually made of Worms and Snails being accounted the Antidotes of the Jaundise instead of other Flesh Moreover their Ale and other ordinary Drinks are Impregnated with an Infusion of Physical things Take Roots of the greater Nettle and of Strawberries of each an Ounce and a half Candied Eringo Roots an Ounce shavings of Ivory and Hartshorn of each two Drams Earth-worms cleans'd in number twenty a Crust of White-bread Mace two Drams boil all in two pounds of fountain water to a pound Strain it through Hippocrates Sleeve add to it Species of Diatrion Santalon half a Dram Make a Broath of which take from four Ounces to six twice a Day For ordinary drink fill a little Vessel of four Gallons with Ale into which after it has wrought put the following bag Take Tops of Sea Wormwood and white Horehound dry'd of each two handfuls Roots of sharp pointed Dock dry'd six Ounces Bark of the Ash-tree and of the Barbery-tree of each three Ounces the outward Rinds of eight Oranges and of four Limons being slic'd and bruis'd let them be prepar'd according to art Many Persons in the Jaundise being troubled with a great weakness and frequent faintings stand in need also of Cordial Remedies Take small Aqua Mirabilis eight Ounces Earth-worms four Ounces Syrup of Orange Pills two Ounces Mix them the Dose is two or three Ounces Moreover there are some who in this Disease are found subject now and then to very troublesome pains chiefly tormenting them by Night and who are often molested with want of sleep wherefore Anodines also must here come in use Take Aqua Mirabilis water of Earth-worms of each an Ounce Diacodium six Ounces Tincture of Saffron half an Ounce Mix them the Dose is a spoonful or two late at Night when there is want of sleep Take Laudanum tartariz'd two Drams Aqua Mirabilis two Ounces Syrup of Clove Gilly-flowers an Ounce Mix them the Dose is a spoonful after the same manner CHAP. II. Instructions and Prescripts for other Distempers of the Liver THe Liver often uses to be faulty especially in one of
Though there are various kinds of the Spurges and all of them work violently by Vomit or Siege by reason of their mighty Irritation of the Viscera and consequently evacuate Serous humours in a plentiful manner yet because of the excessive strength of most of them The lesser or wild Spurge is now in a manner only in use And it s most approved preparations are the Powder of the Rinds of its Roots and its Extract We also add its Tincture which is not Inferiour to the rest Take the lesser Spurge with the Roots cleans'd four handfuls Lignum Aloes Cloves of each a Dram being bruis'd boil them in four pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd ' let the straining Clarifie by settling in an oblong Glass then let the clear Liquor Evaporate by a Bath-heat to the consistency of an Extract The Dose is a Scruple Take of this Extract half an Ounce pour to it in a Matras six Ounces of the Tincture of Salt of Tartar digest them in a Sand Bath till the Tincture be Extracted The Dose is from twenty to thirty Drops with a fit Vehicle Take Powder of the Roots of the lesser Spurge from seven Grains to ten Cinnamon half a Scruple Salt of Tartar eight Grains bruise them together in a Glass Mortar give it by it self or with the Addition of some fit Conserve or Syrup Make a Bolus or Pills 3. Praecipitatum Mercurii cum Sole or Hercules Bovii For as much as by its Acrimony it mightily irritates the Fibres of the Stomack and fuses the Blood by reason of its Mercurial and Saline Particles it raises a violent Vomiting and so forces a discharge of the Serous humours which are violently drawn into the Cavities of the Viscera Pilulae Lunares in like manner by reason of the Vitriolick Particles of the Silver being sharpen'd with other Saline Menstruums produce the like effect viz. by much corrugating the Fibres of the Viscera they strongly force the Serous humours into their Ductus's and causes them to be evacuated A Solution of Silver being made in Aqua Stygia and well purified is redud'd by a gentle evaporation into clear Crystals which by themselves or with the addition of Sal Nitre to repress the force of the Lunar Vitriol are made into Pills with the Crum of Bread The Dose is sometimes a single Pill sometimes two or three according as they work and as the strength will bear these sorts of Medicines are sometimes given with success in a strong Constitution and where the Viscera are sound and of a good habit but scarce ever have a good effect in tender and Cachectical Bodies and are seldom taken by such persons without doing them hurt Hydragogue Medicines which work meerly or chiefly by Seige are either mild as Elder Dwarfe Elder Sea Bindweed and the Juice of English Orris which are rarely given by themselves but want to be quicken'd by such as are smarter and for return they qualify the vehemency of the other or they are strong as Hedg-Hyssop Jalap and Elaterium The Seeds of Elder and Dwarfe Elder being dry'd and powdred and taken to a Dram gently evacuate Serous humours by Seige a Water and Spirit are distill'd from the Juice of both their Berries fermented and Robs and Syrups are made of it which with many other preparations of those Vegetables are highly extoll'd for all Hydropical Distemper Sea Bindweed and Hedg-Hyssop are now rarely us'd by themselves but often enter the Compositions of other Hydragogues and chiefly in Apozemes The Juice of English Orris is a good Medicine and the more to be esteem'd because easie to be had for poor people It s given from six Drams to an Ounce and a half or two Ounces either by it self in a fit Vehicle or with other proper ingredients Jalap is a well known and vulgar Medicine against all sorts of Dropsies Every ordinary Man that has that Disease presently takes a Pennyworth of the Powder of Jalap with a little Ginger in Whitewine and this Medicine taken a pretty many times seldom fails of success Elaterium is justly accounted a most powerful Hydragogue in regard that most powerfully irritating the Fibres of the Viscera and at the same time fusing the Blood and humours by a sort of corrosive vertue as it were it forces whatsoever Serosities the Tunicles of the Viscera Membranes and Vessels also those that the Glands and Fleth contain within them to discharge themselves into the Cavities of the Stomack and Intestines Which Medicine working well sometimes the swelling of the Belly fall This indeed is the chief Instrument of the Empyricks Arsenal against an Ascites though using it in all cases they oftner give if to the prejudice of the Patient than to his advantage The Dose is from three Grains to ten or fifteen It s taken either by it self only with the Addition of Aromatical Correctives or it s given with other Hydragogues in the Form of a Powder Pills or of an Electuary Its Tincture and Essence are Extracted with Spirit of Wine or with Tiacture of Salt of Tartar These are the chief simple Hydragogues of which being duly prepar'd with the Addition of other things divers sorts of Compounds are made some common in Shops others Magisterially prescrib'd and are every where in use and a great many more may be ordered ex tempore on occasion We shall here set down some few Select Forms of them and especially such as are taken in the Form of a Potion Powder Electuary and pills Take Roots of Dwarfe Elder and English Orris of each an Ounced and a half Leaves of Sea Bindweed and Hedge Hyssop of each a handful Roots of Asarabacca and wild Cucumbers of each two Ounces Roots of the lesser Galingal six Drams choice Jalap half an Ounce Elaterium three Drams Cubebs two Drams being slie'd and bruis d pour to them of small Spirit of Wine Tartariz'd three pounds let them digest close luted in a sand Furnace for two days strain off the clear which being purified by settling give from two spoonfuls to three with a fit Vehicle Take Elaterium Sea Bindweed Ginger of each a Scruple Galingal Cloves Cinnamon of each half a Scruple Salt of Tartar fifteen Grains Make a Powder for two Doses Take Powder of the Roots of the best Jalap a Dram Giner a Scruple Cream of Tartar fifteen Granins Make a Powder give it in a draught of Whitewine Take Rhubarb powdred a Scruple Elaterium five Grains Tartar vitriolated half a Scruple Spike three Grains with Syrup of Buckthorn Make four Pills Take Pilulae Aloephanginae half a Dram Elaterium half a Scruple Oyl of Cloves three drops Make four Pills Let the Hydropick Pills of Bontius be given from half a Scruple to half a Dram They are made after this manner Take of the best Aloes two Drams and a half Gummi Gutta prepar'd a Dram and a half Diagredium corrected a Dram Gum. Ammoniacum dissolv'd a Dram and a half Tartar vitriolated half a Dram
succinated or of Soot from twenty to twenty five Drops Or Tincture of Salt of Tartar from half a Dram to a Dram. So much of Hydragogue Medicines to be taken inwardly which cause waters to be evacuated either by drawing them inwardly towards the Intestines or by driving them out to the Reins or to the Pores of the Skin Moreover there are certain outward Administrations us'd by which waters gather'd together within the habit of the Body are put in motion and so dispos'd either generally to pass off by Sweat or Urine or particularly are presently let forth a Vent being made in some peculiar places In the first rank we place Frictions Liniments Fomentations Baths both dry and moist And particular things to evacuate waters are Vesicatories Escharoticks and prickings by a Needle I shall speak of each of these or at least of the chief of them as far as they regard this Disease Frictions prove often of good effect in a Leucophlegmatia and an Anasarca For as the habit of the Body is not only so charg'd with a Glut of filthy waters there heapt together that nothing can breath through them but even the outward parts grow cold upon the Blood 's being hindred of an access to them frequent and strong Frictions give a motion to the stagnating waters and in some measure dissipate them from thence and by opening the passages call again the Blood into those parts whence it was banisht wherefore it is good not only to rubb the swollen Member but even the whole Body once or twice a Day with a course Cloath or with a little brush now commonly made for that purpose In rubbing or after it Liniments and Fomentations are somtimes proper They are prepar'd either of Salts and other Minerals dissolv'd or of hot and discussing Vegetables boil'd with Lees of Wine in water and being apply'd hot open the Pores give a farther motion to the accumulated Waters and discuss them and enlarge the compass of the Blood 's circuit the watery Mass being in some measure dissipated The Liniments consist of Sulphur and Salts of divers kinds or of Quick-lime and other Minerals which being powdred and mixt with the Mucilaginous extracts of Smart Herbs are made into an Ointment To which for their better consistency let a fit quantity of Oyl of Scorpions be added Nay this Oyl apply'd by it self so it be right gives often great relief I knew a Boy swollen very much with an Universal Anasarca who was Cur'd by this only Remedy For his Mother I know not how advis'd anointed his whole Body Mornings and Evenings with Oyl of Scorpions chafing well the parts with her warm hand Upon which within three Days he began to make a vast quantity of water and having continued to make water so for some Days the swelling vanishing by degrees he grew well Baths are scarce proper for any Dropsie but an Anasarca nor for this but in the first Disposition to it or as it goes off For since by the heat of Baths encompassing the whole Body the Blood being made very hot and instigated puts the waters every where in motion which were stagnating before and drinking them into it self conveys them sundry ways there is danger lest as it frequently happens receiving them from the habit of the Body into its Mass it presently deposes them in the Praecordia or the Brain for there is nothing more usual than that the affects of those parts viz. an Asthma or Apoplexy happen to Hydropical persons after bathing But when the conjunct cause of the Disease viz. the swelling is moderate or not very great a Bath of water impregnated with Salts and Sulphur or also a hot-house promoting a gentle Sweat are often us'd with good effect Instead of a hot-house it 's better that the Patients be plac't in some convenient Cells in a Salt-house near the Furnaces in which the Mineral water is boil'd into Salt which often proves of mighty benefit to them Vesicatories let forth the waters betwixt the Flesh and the Skin in a plentiful manner and somtimes too profusely these are to be apply'd to Hydropical persons with very great caution for such an Epispastick apply'd to swollen places makes a vent too wide upon the opening of which the water first breaking forth often draws after it from the whole Neighbourhood a great Glut of it whence presently follows a great Consternation of the Spirits Moreover somtimes the place so drain'd on a sudden being depriv'd of Heat and Spirits in a short time becomes mortifyed Wherefore this Medicine is seldom apply'd to the Leggs or Feet of hydropical persons where the neat is weak and the swelling very great but somtimes to the Thighs and Arms with security when need requires Escharoticks are apply'd somwhat more safely to the swollen Places than Vesicatories because the Flux of waters out of this Vent is not so violent and in such Abundance presently at first But beginning moderately it grows after by little and little to a great Current which nature after being accustom'd to it by degrees bears better Moreover there is less danger of a Gangrene after an Escharotick than after a Vesicatory because in that Application the part whose Union is dissolv'd is fortify'd by the Eschar against the loss of heat I knew an illiterate Empyrick who often by an Echarotick successfully evacuated the Members of Hydropical peasons though never so much swollen after the following manner viz. First he fomented their Leggs Morning and Evening with a Decoction of Dwarfe-elder Wormwood Camomill and other hot Herbs the Lees of Wine or Ale being added to them and betwixt the times of fomenting he apply'd a Cataplasm made of the Faeces of that Decoction with Bran After these things had been us'd three Days he covered both Leggs and Feet with a Plaister of Burgundy-Pitch leaving only a small hole on each Calf to the bigness of a small Nut in which places he put an Escharotick of the Ashes of Ashen Bark to the naked Skin which being remov'd after twelve hours a small Eschar was left out of whose Pores the Matter first Sweated gently then daily distill'd forth somwhat more freely and at length the Eschar falling off it flow'd forth in a plentifull Stream as from an open Source till it was drawn from the whose Legg both above and beneath There remains yet another way of drawing forth waters from betwixt the Flesh and the Skin not inferior to the former though less in use viz. by the pricking of a Needle Which also much be done very cautiously and by little and little lest a head-strong and excessive Flux of waters be rais'd by it Take an ordinary Needle such as Taylors use and prick the Skin over with it in the place most swell'd but let it not enter so far as to draw Blood and so make six or seven little holes at a time about an inch distant the one from the other The water will Issue by drops forth of each little hole
from the Skin when the ferment is Purg'd do not regurgitate into the Blood and Nervous Liquour and cause not only Discrasies in them but likewise as it often falls out bring great damage to the Brain and Praecordia Secondly it must be endeavour'd that the infectious Taint of the Humours and Noble parts contracted from the Scabby Matter be eradicated at the same time that the Nasty Distemper of the Skin is Cur'd All these intentions of Curing ought to be complicated or at leastwise to be interchangeably prosecuted by Remedies both inward and outward us'd together to the end that the Morbifick matter being chased from its private Receptacles may not any where retire and lie hid in any lurking places but being persued by Medicines in all parts both within and without may be wholly remov'd therefore Purges ought always to begin and end this Method of Cure whatsoever Helmont says to the contrary and I dare affirm that this Disease is scarce ever Cur'd easily and never with safety without that Medicine Moreover open a Vein one of the First things you do unless somewhat indicates the contrary besides these let alteratives have their turns such as purify the Blood and strenthen the Viscera and fortify them against the Ineursions of the Scabby Matter And in the mean time let Liniments or Baths or Topical Remedies of other kinds and appropriated to the Skin be apply'd for without them not only Catharticks and Bleeding but even Diaphoreticks Diureticks nay any kind of Medicines whatsoever evacuating or altering the Blood and Humours prove of no effect We shall set down some select Forms of the Medicines of each kind before mention'd And First for due Purging give a Purging Medicine or a Vomit the first thing you do Also after Bleeding if it be necessary let the person use a Purging Apozeme or Ale for seven or eight Days Take the Electuary Diacarthamum three Drams Species of Diaturbith with Rhubarb a Dram Cream of Tartar Salt of Wormwood of each half a Scruple Purging Syrup of Apples what suffices make a Bolus to be taken with Governance Or Take Sulphur of Antimony seven Grains Scammony Sulphurated eight Grains Cream of Tartar half a Scruple make a Powder Take Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of sharpe pointed Dock prepar'd of each an Ounce Leaves of Sena ten Drams Turbith Agarick Epithimum of each an Ounce Carthamus Seeds half an Ounce yellow Saunders two Drams Seeds of Annise and Caraway of each two Drams being slic'd and bruis'd digest them close luted and warm in four Pounds of White-wine for twentyfour hours pour off the clear Liquor without expression the Dose is six Ounces by it self or with a spoonful of Syrup of Epithimum Or Take the foresaid Ingredients and boyl them in six Pounds of fountain water to half then add of White-wine a Pound and strain it presently make an Apozeme give it after the same manner Or Take Roots of Polypody of the Oak and of sharpe pointed Dock of each three Ounces the best Sena four Ounces Epithimum Turbith Mechoacan of each two Ounces yellow Saunders an Ounce Coriander Seeds six Drams let them be prepar'd according to Art make a Bagg for four Gallons of Ale after five or six Days drink it and take to twelve Ounces more or less every Morning for eight or ten Days For ordinary Drink let a little Vessel of four Gallons be full'd with small Ale into which put the following Bag. Take tops of Tamarisk Fumitory dryed of each four handfuls Roots of sharpe pointed Dock dry'd six Ounces Rinds of Bitter-sweet two Ounces being slic't and bruis'd mix them or let a Bouchet of the Decoction of Sarsaparilla Saunders with the Shavings of Ivory Harts-horn Licorice c. be taken As to altering Remedies besides the Physick Ale for ordinary Drink there seems not need of many others only that a good Dyet be observ'd by avoiding Salt and Peppered Meats Shell-fish and others which have been laid in Brine Also let them forbear Wine strong Waters strong Beer and all Liquors apt to trouble the Blood too much and to ferment it In an obstinate Scab seizing a Cacochymical Body it 's proper to give the following Electuary with the distill'd water twice a Day Take Conserve of Fumitory of the Roots of sharpe pointed Dock of each three Ounces Troches of Rhubarb Species Diatrion Santalon of each a Dram and a half Salt of Wormwood a Dram Vitriol of Mars four Scruples with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb make an Electuary the Dose is from a Dram to two Drams twice a Day drinking after it of the following distill'd Water three Ounces Take Firr Tops seven handfuls Leaves of Fumitory Agrimony Female Fluellin Liver-wort Brook-limes of each four handfuls Roots of sharpe pointed Dock two Pounds Rinds of Elder two handfuls the outward Rinds of six Oranges being slic'd and bruis'd pour to them Whey made with midling Ale eight Pounds distil it in common Organs let the whole Liquor be mixt Ointments to be anointed on the Skin are prescrib'd most frequently and that very effectually for Curing the Itch Though those that are us'd to many other Tumours and Sores do no good here But Sulphur and preparations of it seem to have a certain Specifick Vertue in this Disease so that they are ingredients in almost all Ointments for the Itch and are the basis of the whole Composition This is a very common receipt with the vulgar Take of the Powder or Flowers of Sulphur half an Ounce Butter without Salt four Ounces Ginger powdred half a Dram make a Liniment Somewhat a neater prescript though not much more Efficacious is after this manner Take Vngentum Rosatum four Ounces Sulphur-vive powdred half an Ounce Oyl of Tartar per Deliquium what suffices make a Liniment to which add Oyl of Rhodium a Scruple to give it a scent When you will strengthen or raise the Energy of the Sulphur by the addition of other things Take of the Ointment of Elecampane without Mercury four Ounces Power of Sulphur half an Ounce Oyl of Tartar per Deliquium what suffices For the same purpose an Ointment is made of the Roots of sharp pointed Dock boyl'd in Butter or Oyl with White-wine till the Wine be consum'd and with Sulphur and Oyl of Tartar Moreover those Ointments are sometimes us'd by themselves by curious persons abhorring the ill odour of the Sulphur The Third kind of Liniment against the Itch is made of Mercury needing no assistance from Sulphur or Vegetables nay this being more than enough efficacious of it self is not wont to be apply'd to the whole Body but only to the Joints of the Arms and Leggs or being put in a Girdle is to be worn about the Loins for so it seldom fails of Curing the Itch Nevertheless there is danger lest this Practice as it often happens causes ill and pernicious Symptoms Frequently after the Mercury Ointment a Salivation sometimes also a Scotomia or
be hung about the Neck Moreover let Anticonvulsive Medicines be daily given the Nurse Let her take Morning and Evening a draught of Whey in which the Roots and Seeds of Male Peony and the Seeds of sweet Fennel are boil'd Take Conserve of the Flowers of Betony Male Peony and Rosemary of each two Ounes Powder of the Roots and Flowers of the Male Peony of each two Drams red Coral prepar'd white Amber of each a Dram Roots of Angelica Zedoary prepar'd of each half a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of Peony make an Electuary Let ber take the quantity of a Nutmegg Morning and Evening Take Powder of the Roots of Male Peony two Drams Seeds of the same a Dram make a Powder double refin'd Sugar dissolv'd in the water of Lime-tree Flowers and boil'd to a consistency for Tablets three Ounces Oyl of Amber a Scruple Let Tablets be made according to Art each Weighing half a Dram let her eat one every sixth hour and let her keep an exact Form of Diet. In case any Infant be actually affected with Convulsions because an Issue works but little and slowly it is proper to apply a Vesicatory to the Nucha and behind each Ear and unless a cold Temperament forbids it let Blood be drawn from the Jugular Veins by Leeches Let Liniments be applyed about the Temples Nostrils and Neck and Plaisters to the Soles of the Feet Let Clysters be daily injected which plentifully empty the Belly Moreover Let Specifick Remedies be taken inwardly often in a Day to wit every sixth or eighth hour Take Oleum Capivii and Oyl of Castoreum of each two Drams Oyl of Amber half a Dram make a Liniment Take of the Emplaster Oxycroceum two parts Galbanum dissolv'd one part Oyl of Amber a Scruple make a Plaister for the Soles of the Feet Let the Powder of Gutteta according to the description of Riverius be given twice or four times a day Take Mans Scull prepar'd Peony-seeds Elks-hoof Pearl prepar'd of each half a Dram Amber-greice six Grains make a Powder the Dose is six Grains in a Spoonful of the Liquour beneath written three or four times a day Or Take Mans Scull prepar'd Pearl of each half a Dram Salt of Amber a Scruple Sugar of Pearl a Dram the Dose is half a Scruple Or Take Spirit of Harts-horn three Drops let it be given every sixth or eight hour in a Spoonful of the Julape beneath prescrib'd To poor peoples Children let Powder of the Root of wild Valerian be given from half a Scruple to a Scruple let it be given twice a day in a Spoonful of Milk or of an Appropriated Liquour Vntzerus greatly commends the Gall of a Sucking Whelp viz. that all the Juice of the Gall-bladder be taken forth and given to the Child with a little Water of Lime-tree-flowers A Learned Physitian lately told me that he had known many Cur'd with this Remedy Moreover Empiricks after the Gall is drank are went also to give to greater Children to eat the Liver roasted Julapes distill'd Waters and other Appropriated Liquours may be prepar'd according to the Forma following Take black Cherry-water three Ounces Antiepileptical-water of Langius an Ounce Sugar of Pearl two Drams mix them Take fresh Roots of Male Peony cut into slices six Ounces Hungarian Vitriol eight Ounces Mans Scull two Ounces Antiepileptical Water of Langius half a Pound mix them and let them distill in a Glass Retort by a Sand heat The Dose is from a Spoonful to two Spoonfuls Take fresh Roots of Male Peony slic'd four Ounces being bruis'd in a Marble Mortar pour to them of Spanish Wine a Pound express it strongly add Manus Christi perlated half an Ounce let it be kept in a Glass close stopt the Dose is a Spoonful or two twice a day When Convulsions happen by reason of a difficult breeding of Teeth this Symptome is look't upon as secondary and not dangerous and therefore in the Method of Cure it is not always the first or chief thing which requires help but sometimes we are rather sollicitous of appeasing the pain and removing the feverish Distemper wherefore both the Patient and Nurse ought to use a thin and cooling Diet when the Teeth are upon eruption let the passage be made open for them either by a rubbing or Section of the Gums And also let Anodines be applyed to those parts when swollen and full of pain Clysters and Bleeding often have place here We must procure sleep and allay the fervour of the Blood Mean while let Anticonvulsive Remedies be us'd but of the more moderate kind and such as little trouble the Blood and Humours Vesicatories in regard they evacuate the Serum which is too apt to be discharg'd on the Head often give relief When Children are troubled with Convulsions and that neither presently upon their Birth nor by reason of an Eruption of Teeth but through other occasions and accidents the cause of such an affect for the most part lyes either in the head or somewhere about the Viscera of Concoction When there is a suspicion of the former as it is wont to appear by signs which shew that a Mass of Serous Filth is gathered together within the head the above-cited Remedies ought to be given in a little larger Dose moreover in those who bear Purging well sometimes a Vomit and a gentle Purge may be order'd them Wine and Oxymel of Squills also Mercurius Dulcis Rhubarb and Rosin of Jalap are of excellent use As often as the cause of the Convulsive Affect appears to be in the Bowels either Worms or sharp Humours causing Gripes in the Belly are found to be in the fault Against Worms a Purge of Rhubarb or of Mercurius Dulcis with the addition of Rosin of Jalap is ordered Formerly to a Child miserably troubled with Convulsions so that he seem'd even a Dying I gave a Dose of Mercurius Dulcis with Rosin of Jalap With his Stools whereof he had four he voided twelve Worms and presently grew well Take Roots of Virginia Serpentary powdred a Dram Coral caloin'd to a whiteness half a Dram make a Powder the Dose is from half a Scruple to a Scruple twice a day for three days one after the other drinking after it a Decoction of Grass Roots Take Species of Hiera a Dram and a half Venice-treacle two Drams make a Plaister for the Belly or let a Plaister of Galbanum be applyed to the Navel If the Convulsive motions are thought to proceed from the Irritation of the Ventricle and the Intestines caus'd by sharp Humours a gentle Purge either by Vomit or Seige or of both the one after the other ought to be ordered For this purpose let gentle Emeticks of Wine of Squills or of Salt of Vitriol be taken to wit if at any time the Diseas'd be of their own accord seis'd with a straining to Vomit but if the Evacuation seems rather fit to be attempted downwards an Infusion of Rhubarb or its Powder Syrup
to half add of White-wine a Pound let it be strain'd into a Matrass to which put Leaves of choice Sena an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Gummous Turbith half an Ounce Epithimum yellow Saunders of each two Drams Salt of Worm-wood and of Scurvy-grass of each a Dram the outward yellow Coats of Oranges two Drams let them digest close luted in a Sand heat for twelve hours let the straining be kept for use Let it be sweetned if need be with a sufficient quantity of Syrupus Augustanus or with Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb the Dose is six Ounces once or twice in a week Each day in which Purging is omitted let Remedies be given for strengthning the Brain and for garding the Animal Spirits from incurring Heterogeneous Combinations or from entring upon Explosions Of which nevertheless let a certain choice be made according to the Temperament Habit of Body and Constitution of the Diseas'd For to such as have a thin habit of Body and a hot Blood Medicines must be given which are not hot and which do not stir the Blood too much On the contrary to phlegmatick and gross Bodies whose Urine is thin and watery and whose Blood circulates but dully let hot Remedies be ordered and such as are apt notably to ferment the Humours In the former case you may prescribe after this manner Take Conserve of the Flowers of Betony Tamarisk and Male Peony of each two Ounces Species Diamargariti Frigidi a Dram and a half Powder of the Roots of Peony and of the Seeds of the same of each a Dram red Coral prepar'd two Drams Vitriol of Mars two Scruples Salt of Worm-wood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Juice of Oranges make an Electuary Let it be taked twice or thrice a day drinking after it a little draught of the Julape beneath prescrib'd Take of red Coral ground with the Juice of Oranges on a Marble or in a Glass-mortar and dryed half an Ounce Powder of Mistletow of the Oak and of the Roots of Male Peony of each two Drams Sugar of Pearl three Drams make a Powder the Dose is from a Scruple to half a Dram twice or thrice a day Take Species Diamargariti Frigidi two Drams Salt of Worm-wood three Drams Aron Roots powdred a Dram mix them make a Powder let it be divided into twenty parts and let a Dose be taken in the Morning and at four of the Clock Take Powder of the Roots of Butter Bur an Ounce the Dose is from half a Dram to a Dram twice a day Take Leaves of the Bur-dock and of Aron of each six handfuls being slic't and mixt together let them be distil'd The Dose is from two Drams to three twice or thrice a day after a Dose of the Electuary or Powder Take of this distill'd Water two Pounds of our Steel prepar'd two Drams mix them in a Glass let them be taken after the same manner Take Water of Wallnuts simple and of black Cherries of each half a Pound of Snails four Ounces Syrup of Flowers of the Male Peony two Ounces the Dose is from an Ounce and a half to two Ounces after the same manner Take Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each three Drams Roots of Chervil Bur-dock Valerian of each half an Ounce Leaves of Betony Ground-pine Scolopendrium tops of Tamarisk of each a handful Barks of Tamarisk and of Bitter-sweet of each half an Ounce let them boil in four Pounds of Fountain-water to the consumption of a third part add of White-wine eight Ounces strain it into a Flaggon to which put Leaves of Brook-limes and of Cuckow-flower of each a handful make a warm and close Infusion for four hours let the straining be kept in Glasses close stopt The Dose is six Ounces twice a day after a Dose of a solid Medicine Sometimes in such an Apozeme let two Drams of our Steel be infus'd and taken after the same manner In the Summer time the use of Mineral Waters is proper for want of them let our Artificial Waters be given in their stead But if for the reasons above cited hot Medicines are indicated we may proceed after the following method Take Conserve of Rosemary-flowers and of the yellow Coats of Oranges and Limons of each two Ounces Wallnuts and Mirobalans condited of each in number two Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders Roots of Serpentaria Contrayerva Angelica and Aron of each a Dram Vitriol of Mars or prepar'd Steel four Scruples Salt of Worm-wood and of Scurvy-grass of each a Dram with a sufficient quantity of Preserve of Wallnuts make an Electuary Let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken twice a day drinking after it a Dose of an appropriated Liquour Take Roots of Male Peony Angelica red Coral prepar'd of each two Drams Sugar dissolv'd in water of Snails boil'd to a consistency for Tablets six Ounces Oyl of Amber highly rectified half a Dram make Tablets according to Art each weighing about half a Dram let one or two be taken twice or thrice a day drinking after it a Dose of an appropriated Liquour Take Roots of Virginia Serpentary Contrayerva Valerian of each two Drams red Coral prepar'd Pearls of each a Dram Winters-bark Roots of bastard Ditany of each a Dram Vitriol of Mars Salt of Worm-wood of each a Dram and a half Extract of Centory two Drams Ammoniacum dissolv'd in hysterick-Hysterick-water what suffices make a Mass for Pills Let four Pills be taken in the Morning and at four in the Afternoon Take Spirit of Harts-horn or of Soot or of Mans Blood or of Sal Armoniack what suffices take from ten to twelve Drops Morning and Evening in a Spoonful of the Julape drinking after it a little draught of the same Take Leaves of Betony Vervain Sage Cuckow-flowers Aron Bur-dock of each two handfuls green Wallnuts in number twenty the Coats of six Oranges and four Limons Cardamoms Cubebs of each an OUnce being slic't and bruis'd pour to them Whey made with Cider or White-wine six Pounds let it distil according to Art The Dose is two or three OUnces twice a day after a Dose of a solid Medicine To two Pounds of this add of our Steel two Drams Take Water of Earth-worms and of Snails of each six Ounces of Wallnuts simple four Ounces Raddish-water compound two Ounces double refin'd Sugar two Ounces make a Julape The Dose is four or six Spoonfuls twice a day after a Dose of a solid Medicine Take Millepedes cleans'd a Pound Cloves slic't half an Ounce pour on them of White-wine two Pounds let them distil in a Gourd-glass the Dose is from an Ounce to an Ounce and a half twice a day We may prescribe for poor People Remedies more easie to be had after this manner Take Conserve of the Leaves of Rue made with an equal part of Sugar six Ounces Let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken twice a day drinking after it a Decoction of the Seeds and Roots of Bur-dock made in Whey prepar'd of White-wine Or let a
White-wine half an Ounce let them boil in two Pounds and a half of fountain-Fountain-water till a half be wasted add of Rhenish-Wine a Pound and strain it presently into which put of the best Sena half an Ounce Rhubarb six Drams Leaves of black Hellebore half an Ounce the yellow Coats of Oranges two Drams make a close and warm Infusion for twelve hours let the Straining be kept in a stopt Glass the Dose is from five Drams to six It were easie to set down here many other forms of Catharticks but there is no great variety requir'd in these But of the foregoing let these or the others be given as they best agree and now and then let them be repeated within five or six days as occasion requires An over frequent and violent Purging casts down the powers of the Body greatly impairs the strength of the Viscera and in the mean time does not take away the Disease After a Purge or two if Bleeding be indicated let Blood be drawn from the Arm or from the Vessels of the Fundament by Leeches It matters not much which Vein be open'd nor is the opening of the Salvatella Vein of as much moment as it is said As to the large Discourses made by Authors concerning the opening of the Liver or Cephalick Veins rather than any others in the Scurvy since the Circulation of the Blood has been known it comes to nothing Phlebotomy is indicated by a plenty and vitiousness of the Blood which it is better to let forth at several times in a small quantity than at once in a great For when the Liquour of the Blood is become very impure it is corrected by no kind of Remedy more certainly than by a frequent and spare letting of it forth for the old corrupted Blood as often as it is drawn forth is succeeded by a better and clearer fresh Blood mean while there is need of caution that it be not drawn away at once in too great a quantity for its store being much drain'd together Sanguification fails so that a Dropsy or Cachexia ensues Besides Purging and if need be opening a Vein many Remedies of another kind no less necessary are requir'd in the Scurvy And that they may be prescrib'd in order we must forthwith consider whether only Preservatory Indications have place here and whether certain Curatory Indications viz. such as have regard to some severely pressing Symptoms ought not to be interchangeably pursued with them And if you are to imploy the whole work of the Cure against the cause of the Discase you may proceed after the following method We shall shew you hereafter what sort of Cure is to be apply'd to Symptoms if haply occasion requires it Therefore if nothing hinders but you are to imploy the chiefest stress of Physick in rooting out the cause of the Disease principally and by it self for this purpose let Digestives likewise and Specificks or Antiscorbuticks as we hinted before be us'd at all times unless on the days of Purging To which sometimes if it be needful let Diaphoreticks or Diureticks be added Manifold forms and prescripts of Medicines and of various kinds for performing these intents are every where to be found amongst Authors I shall here set down some of the more choice of them which I here thought good to distribute into two ranks according to the twofold nature of the Scorbutick Cause viz. the Sulphureo-saline and Salino-sulphureous Dyscrasies of the Blood And first I shall deliver such as are proper in this latter kind of affect viz. where there is need of Medicines endow'd with a certain instigating vertue and such as are very much fill'd with a Volatile Salt Let Digestive Medicines that restore the Ferment of the Stomach and help the Functions of that and of other of the Viscera which serve for Chylification and Anti-Scorbuticks or Specificks which take away the Dyscrasy of the Blood either be joined in the same Composition or at leastwise let them be taken the same day one after the other Among digestive Remedies are justly counted the Cream Crystals Salt and Tincture of Tartar Tartar Vitriolated and Chalybeated Elixir Proprietatis the simple mixture The use of each of these given twice a day oftentimes does good Moreover you may easily make Magistral Tinctures and Elixirs of various kinds both digestive and appropriated to the Scurvy with the two following Menstruums Take rectified Spirit of Vitriol Six Ounces Spirit of Wine Alcholized sixteen Ounces mix them and Distill them in a Glass retort with three Cohobations keep it for use in a Glass well stopt Elixir Proprietatis is more easily and better prepar'd with this Compound Menstruum than the vulgar way Take Winters-bark Lignum Aloes Roots of the lesser Galingal of each two Drams Cinnamon Cloves Cubebs of each a Dram Seeds of Bishops-weed and Watercresses of each half a Dram being bruised pour to them of the foresaid Menstruum enough to cover them three Fingers over let them digest in a Matrace in a Sand Furnace for six days let the straining be kept in a Glass close stopt The Dose is twenty Drops more or less in a Spoonfull of Canary or of an appropriated Liquor Let it be given twice a day Take white Amber Gum of Ivy Caranna Tacamahaca of each a Dram Saffron half a Dram Cloves Nutmegs of each two Scruples being bruised pour to them the aforesaid Menstruum and let a Tincture be extracted according to Art The Dose is twenty Drops as above Take blew Salt of Tartar four Ounces let it digest in a Matrace with a Pound of Spirit of Wine Alcholized till a Tincture be extracted Let this be another Menstruum with which you may prepare Elixirs out of Gums Spices c. after the same manner as with the former Menstruum While these kinds of Medicines are given in a small Dose in the Evening and early in the Morning at Physical hours viz. at eight a Clock in the Forenoon and at four in the Afternoon let the Antiscorbutick Medicines of the other kind be taken which for the most part we are wont to prescribe in a twofold form viz. in a solid form and a liquid to be taken all under one so that the solid Medicine being taken first the liquid is drank after it there are various kinds and ways of Composition of both viz. in a solid form Electuaries Confections Powders Pills and Tablets in a liquid form are Decoctions Infusions Expressions Distill'd Waters Physick Wines and Ales. We shall give you some of the more select Medicines of each of these kinds Electuaries TAke Conserve of Scurvy-grass Roman Wormwood Fumitory of each two Ounces Powder of Winters-bark Roots of Angelica and Aron of each two Drams Species Diatrion Santalon a Dram and a half Powder of Crabs-eyes a Dram Salt of Wormwood two Drams with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Juice of Citrons make an Electuary Take Conserve of the Leaves of Scurvy-grass and Brooklimes made with an equal quantity of
when green Herbs are scarce we may prescribe after this manner Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass four handfuls tops of Broom of the Pine-tree and of Juniper of each three handfuls the Middle-bark of Elder and Ash of each four Ounces Roots of Horse-raddish and of Polipody of the Oak of each three Ounces the Rinds of four Oranges and of as many Limons Winters-bark four Ounces being slic't and bruis'd pour to them of White-wine or of Cider or of Whey made with either of them eight Pounds let them be distil'd The simple Water of the Leaves of Aron distil'd in the Spring time is an efficacious Remedy against the Scurvy if three or four Ounces are given twice a day with another Medicine The simple Water of Scurvy-grass pour'd again on fresh Leaves bruis'd and distil'd and so iterated by frequent Cohobations becomes an efficacious Remedy Moreover a hot Spirit of Scurvy-grass is prepar'd after this manner Take Leaves of Scurvy-grass what suffices being bruis'd let it be made into Balls such as are made of Woad for Dying Then let those Balls be kept in a Glaz'd Pot for three or four days very close stopt in a cold place either Water of Scurvy-grass or Wine of the same being pour'd to them and covering them over above four fingers deep Then an Alembick being put on let the whole matter be distill'd Let the distill'd Water being put into a Cucurbit be rectified the hot Spirit will come off first whereof let fifteen or twenty drops be taken in a fit Vehicle 6. Antiscorbutick Wines and Beers I Use to prepare a simple Antiscorbutick Wine of excellent use after this manner In the Spring or Summer-season Take Leaves of Scurvy-Grass gathered in clear and dry Weather what you think good being bruised let the Juice be prest forth and let a Vessel containing three or four Gallons be fill'd a spoonful or two of Yest being put to it let it ferment for two Days then the Vessel being close stopt let it be plac't in a Wine-Cellar for six Months and then let the clear Liquor which will be of an Amber colour like Spanish Wine be drawn out into Bottles and be kept for use it continues good many years The Dose is three or four Ounces twice a Day Physick Wines whereof a Glass or two may be daily taken at Physical Hours or also at Dinner may be prepar'd after this manner Take Leaves of Scurvy-Grass four handfuls Raspings of Horse-radish four Ounces Winters-bark bruised half an Ounce the outward Coats of four Oranges and of so many Limons Let them be put in a Glass with twelve Pounds of White Wine or Rhenish or small Spanish Wine The Vessel being stopt let it be kept in a cold place Let the Wine be pour'd off clear as often as you use it It 's more usual to prescribe a Physick Ale or Beer to Scorbutical persons to be drank constantly for their ordinary Drink Let Beer be prepar'd to fill a Vessel of four Gallons instead of Hops let three Handfuls of Pine or Fir-tops be boiled in it After it has wrought in the Vessel put into it Leaves of Scurvy Grass three Handfuls Roots of sharp pointed Dock prepared four Ounces the Rinds of four Oranges After it has stood a Week to clear let it be expos'd to Drink These kinds of Physick Drinks with other Ingredients may be variously prepar'd according to the Temperament and Affect of the Patient by which kind of Remedy in regard the Physical Particles altering the Dyscrasy of the Blood are forthwith convey'd into its Mass together with those of the Food often much good is done in removing the Cause of the Scurvy But since we have shewn the cause of this as also the Nature of the Disease to be twofold and since the Medicines hitherto proposed regard in a manner only the Salino-sulphureous Distemper of the Blood we must next direct Medicines which are proper in the other viz. the Sulphureo-saline Dyscrasy of the Blood CHAP. III. Of Medicines of each kind of the foregoing forms which have regard to the Scurvy raised in a hot Constitution and in a Sulphureo-Saline Dyscrasy of the Blood IN certain Scorbutical persons the use of Scurvy-grass Horse-Radish Winters-bark and of other smart things and such as are greatly endow'd with a volatile Salt is found to be very offensive wherefore in those kinds of cases where the Morbifick Cause consists in a hot Dyscrasy of the Blood resembling over-fretted Wine temperate Medicines and such as do not exagitate the Particles of the Humours which are apt to boil too much of them selves are indicated Wherefore we shall set down Forms after the same order and running as it were parallel with those before and in the first place we shall give you solid Medicines Electuaries Take Conserve of Brooklimes and Cuckow-Flower made with an equal part of Sugar of each three Ounces Species Diatrion Santalon Diarrhodon Abbatis of each a Dram and a half Ivory powdered a Dram Pearl half a Dram Salt of Wormwood and of Tamarisk of each a Dram with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Coral make an Electuary Take Conserve of Wood-sorrel and of Hips of each three Ounces or Conserve of the Roots of sharp pointed Dock and of the Roots of Cichory of each three Ounces Troches of Rhubarb two Drams Species Diamargariti Frigidi a Dram and a half Bark of Tamerisk a Dram Sal Prunella a Dram and a half Myrobalanes condited in number two with a sufficient quantity of the syrup of the Confiture of Mirobalanes make an Electuary For poor people I use to prescribe this easy prepar'd Electuary Take Leaves of Brooklimes six Ounces of Wood-sorrel two Ounces double refined Sugar eight Ounces let them be pounded adding Powder of sweet Fennel-seeds half an Ounce Ivory powdered two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of Syrup of the Juice of Brooklimes make an Electuary Confections TAke Powder of the Roots of China and of the Male Peony of each a Dram white and yellow Saunders of each three Drams Ivory a Dram and a half Pearl half a Dram Crabs-eyes a Dram Coral moistened with Juice of Oranges and ground on a Marble two Drams white Tartar a Dram and a half double refined Sugar dissolved in a sufficient quantity of compound Scordium Water six Ounces Make a Confection Take Roots of Eringo and Scorzonera preserv'd of each three Ounces Powder of Aron-roots compound half an Ounce Species Diatrion Santalon two Drams Sal Prunella a Dram and a half with a sufficient quantity of syrup of Clove-Gilli-flowers Make a Confection Powders TAke Powder of the Leaves of Ground-Pine of Aron-roots Compound of each an Ounce and a half Ivory powdered red Coral prepared with Juice of Oranges of each two Drams Tablets of Oranges two Ounces mix them Make a Powder The Dose is a Spoonful twice a day Pills TAke Species Diatrion Santalon and Diamargariti Frigidi of each two Drams Seeds of Citrons and of Carduus
above prescrib'd Let Decoctions and Physick-Beers be prepar'd such as above written Antihydropick Ingredients being added to them Of the Crackling of the Bones THere remains yet a symptom which happens sometimes upon the Scurvey though rarely viz. the crackling of the Bones into the Nature and Cure of which it seems to concern us to enquire I have known some though scarce above three or four who being long Sick of the Scurvy found themselves afflicted by it not only in the Humours and the Carneous Parts but at length in the very Bones For as often as they mov'd any Member any way the ends of the Bones as though they were bare rubbing against each other made a mighty noise Moreover when they lay in their Bed and there turned themselves from one side to the other a mighty Crackling was heard as it were of a Scelleton forcibly shaken terrifying even the persons affected The conjunct cause of this haply may seem to be That the soft Interstice of the Bones viz. the Fat Membranes and Ligaments being greatly consumed their Joints as Mill-stones when bare without any Corn by reason of their mutual rubbing against each other make a noise But the thing appears to be otherwise because neither persons mightily consumed have this Cracking of the Bones nor do persons troubled with this Affect always waste away wherefore we say rather that the immediate Cause of this Symptom is the driness of the Bones or the defect of the Marrow properly so called which ought to be contain'd within the Cavities of the Bones and especially within their Joynts for since all Bones include a Marrow or unctuous Humour either in the great Cavities or in the Pores and small Passages every where made in them we conclude the use of this to be both that the Bones irrigated with the same may become less brittle and likewise that that Humour distilling from the Joynts of the Bones may make slippery all the Joints as the Joynts of a Machine besmear'd with Grease and may so facilitate the motions of them wherefore the ends of the Bones destitute of this Marrow make a noise just as the Wheels of a Cart seldom greased If you ask why that unctuous substance of the Joints fails I say this seems chiefly to happen because the Pores and Passages of the Bones are so much obstructed by a certain extraneous Matter haply of a Slimy or Tartarous Nature brought to them from the Blood that they do not sufficiently receive the Balsam design'd for them nor distil it forth for moistning their Joints but it will not be easie the thing being wholly in the dark to search out the particular Reasons of this Affect Nor are we less at a loss when we proceed to the Cure of this Disease for though the Primary Indication viz. the moistning of the Bones or of the Joints be obvious enough yet it does not so plainly appear after what Manner and by what Remedies it is perform'd For in this case I have known a great many kinds of Medicines and various ways of Administrations tryed wholly in vain A certain Ingenious Man extreamly troubled with this Disease for many years tryed the Advice of many and those Famous Physicians Besides the usual Remedies against the Scurvy together with frequent Bleedings and Purgings from which he found not the least Relief he try'd moreover various and great Courses of Physick without any success For after a method us'd by one Physician for some Months without Effect he presently betook himself to another and so afterwards to many mean while by each always a new way of Curing untryed by the former is prescribed Fomentations Liniments and Frictions are applied daily to each of his Joints he us'd for some time the hot Baths of Bathe afterward Spaw-waters of various kinds sometimes these sometimes others are drank Which giving no help a Chalybeat course at another time a Decoction of temperate Woods sometimes a Milk Diet and at all time Electuaries distil'd Waters Apozems and other Remedies prepar'd of Antiscorbuticks are taken And when he had liv'd after this manner above three years almost constantly Medicè miserè there was not made the least progress towards the Cure of the fore-mentioned Affect yet in the mean time he was pretty well as to his Strength and Stomach married a Wife and as to the other more common Symptoms of the Scurvy he was better So that it hence appears how stubborn a Disease and unconquerable by almost any Medicines the crackling of the Bones is which I have known confirmed also in others troubled with this Affect and wholly cluding the endeavours of a Physician CHAP. V. Of the Vital Indication in which are included Cordial Medicines Opiats and the Diet requisit in the Scurvy HItherto we have set forth at large the Indications both Preservatory and Curatory which belong to the Method of Curing the Scurvy there remains yet to speak of the Vital Indication to wit that it may be declar'd by what Method and with what Remedies the powers of the Diseas'd which either being too apt to faint may be upheld or being weakn'd or dejected may be restor'd For these ends Cordials and Opiats according to the Exigencies of the Diseas'd are prescrib'd to be taken and moreover let a right Form of Diet if at any time it be needful Resumptive and always Antiscorbutick be prescrib'd As to Cordial Medicines viz. such a exagitate the Blood stagnating in the Heart renew its flame half extinct restore the opprest or distracted Animal Spirits to their liberty and due irradiation it is obvious that many Remedies which are properly call'd Antiscorbuticks perform these intents of which kind are Raddish-water compound the Magistral Water of Snails and of Earth-worms Spirit of Harts-horn of Soot Powders of Shells with many other things which may be taken with good effect not only at certain hours and according to a set Method but likewise as occasion presents as often as a Swooning or any failings of the Spirits happen But besides those who are found to be very obnoxious to Passions of the Hearts frequent Faintings a Nauseousness Vomiting Trembling Vertigo and other terrible Symptoms may also have in a readiness Medicines of another kind more properly Cordial with hich all failings of the Spirits are immediately reliev'd In this case Quercetan's great Elixir of Life does excellently well the second Water in the distillation of the same Elixir being sweetned may be given to a spoonfull also Aqua Mirabilis Aqua Bezoartica Gilberts temperate Water Treacle-water Cinnamon-water to each of which or to a Composition of them let the Confection of Alkermes the Confection of Hyacinth Powder of Pearl or Magistery of Coral Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers or of Coral of Citron-pills of Cinnamon be added Of these and others of this kind various forms of Medicines are wont to be prescrib'd For example Take Treacle-water and Aqua Mirabilis of each three Ounces bawm-Bawm-water four Ounces Syrup of Clove-gilliflowers an Ounce
morning and evening drinking after it of the following water two or three ounces Take roots of male Peony Angelica Master-wort of each half a pound roots of Zedoary the lesser Galingal of each an ounce leaves of Mistletoe of Apple-trees Rue Sage Betony of each four handfuls the outward coats of ten Oranges and eight Lemmons Cardamums Cloves Nutmegs of each half an ounce all being slic'd and bruised pour to them of White-wine in which two pounds of Peacocks dung hath been infused for a day ten pounds let there be a close infusion for three dayes then distill it according to art let the whole Liquor be mixt Take species Diambroe two drams powder of the roots of male Peony choice Zedoary of each a dram and a half Pearl a dram Oyle of pure Amber half a dram double refined Sugar dissolved in Peony Water and boyled to a Consistency for Tablets six ounces make Tablets according to art weighing half a dram let the Patient eat one or two often in a day at pleasure Within fifteen or twenty dayes the Remedies that they may be less loathsome and more advantageous ought to be changed therefore instead of the Electuary give for a fortnight or three weeks sometimes Spirit of Sal Armoniack saccinated or coralliated or impregnated with Mans Scull or Castoreum sometimes the Elixir of Peony or the tincture of Amber or Coral or Quercitans Elixir of Life mixtura simplex Also instead of the compound Waters let them take either the Water of black Cherries or of Walnuts or of Rosemary or of Lavender simple sometimes a draught of Posset-drink with the Flowers of male Peony or of Lillies of the Vallies boyled in it or a draught of Tea or Coffee in the Morning those Ingredients being first boyled in the Water of which it is prepared or let a Confection of Chocolate be made after this manner Take powder of the Roots of male Peony mans Scull prepared of each half an ounce Species Diambrae two drams make a Powder to every paper of which add Cocao-nut-Kernels a pound Sugar what suffices make a Confection let half an ounce or six drams of this be taken every Morning in a draught of a decoction of Sage of Peony Flowers or the like Take Powder of the Roots of male Peony mans Scull prepared of each an ounce and a half Roots of choice Zedoary bastard Dittany Angelica Contrayerva of each two drams make a subtle Powder of all of them add the yellow Coats of Oranges and Limons preserv'd of each two ounces let them be bruised together to a Powder let about half a dram or a dram be taken an Hour before and after meals For ordinary Drink let a Vessel of four Gallons be filled with midling Ale in which boyle the Leaves of white sweet-smelling Hore-hound dryed six handfuls Anacardiums Cardamums of each an ounce and a half being slic'd and bruised make a Bag. But especially let an exact form of Dyet be observ'd Let a temperate dry and well ventilated Air be chosen let food only of an easie concoction and light be eaten let the Supper be spare or none at all let sleeping at noon drinkings and other ill accustomances about nonnatural things be shunned I might here instance several stories of Apoplectical persons viz. of some who tho seiz'd once or twice are still living and of others kill'd by the first or second or afterward at the third Invasion The Right Reverend Father in Christ Gilbert Lord Arch-bishop of Canterbury lives still who escap'd above six years since from a severe Apoplectick fit God to whom ever be praise giving success to Physical endeavours and from that time tho he has now and then undergone light touches of the Disease yet he has never been so prostrated by it as to become speechless or insensible But it 's to no purpose to dwell long in setting forth this and other examples in regard they contain nothing very rare whence the Aetiology of the Disease may be illustrated I have dissected some dead Bodies but they were in a manner only of such Persons as were seiz'd Apoplectical after the Head being greatly hurt as by a stroke or a fall in all which the Blood extravasated or an Abscess was the cause of Death As to the opening of Persons dead of an habitual Apoplexy we are most commonly hindred by Friends who expecting their revival both delay the Interrment and wholly forbid Anatomy But I shall give you here one notable Anatomical Observation made about five years since at Oxford An ancient Divine an honest and pious man of a gross Body and having a short and full grown Neck being long ill-dispos'd in his health and leading a sedentary life had contracted a very Scorbutick Cacochymia being affected with a difficult and pursy breathing and with an unwonted heaviness and drowsiness of his Head he was scarce able to perform any thing of labour or exercise but to go and come daily from his Chamber to the Chappel and Refectory On a certain morning entring the Chappel a little before Prayers as he set himself on his knees being struck on a sudden and presently becoming speechless and insensible he fell on the ground but being forthwith rais'd up and his Cloaths taken off he was put into a warm Bed My self and other Physicians being call'd and coming as quick as might be we found him not only without Sence Pulse and Respiration but cold and absolutely stift throughout his whole Body Nor could he be brought to life or to a heat by any Remedies or ways of administration tho applied with all diligence for some time Whence we imagin'd that from his first being struck the beat of the Heart was wholly stopp'd and its flame being extinct that presently all motion of the Blood was suppressed The next day after we opened the Body it appearing to be quite dead and stiff nothing doubting but very clear footstepts of an affect so suddenly mortal left within the Brain would shew themselves to the eye but neither there or in any other part was there remaining so much as any shadow of the Disease tho very violent the vessels irrigating the Meninges were indifferently fill'd with blood but without any inflammation or extravasation the Brain Cerebellum and medulla oblongata with all their processes and prominences appear'd every where firm and well-coloured throughout both within and without neither was there Serum nor extravasated Blood heapt together any where within their Pores and Passages nor also within the greater Ventricles nay and the plexus choroeides plac'd both within the Cavity of the Brain and behind the Cerebellum seemed free from all fault so that the morbifick matter being as fine and subtle as the Spirits which it affected remained wholly inconspicuous and we could only argue its presence there from the effect Nevertheless lest it should lye hid elsewhere without the Head after having accurately inspected all the Contents of the Brain we came to the Thorax where the Lungs
subdued and subtiliz'd together with the adust Recrements remaining after the Deflagration and joyning with the Serum they evaporate by Sweat or insensible Transpiration Thirdly from what is said it will be easy to shew the Causes of the Intermission and of the Set Returns viz. the Intermission follows because the Morbifick Matter is all clear'd at one fit and so till a new be brought in place an intermission follows of necessity Now a new matter begins to be engendred from the time that the last Fit ceas'd and when the Blood is filled again to a Turgescency it boyles and comes to a flowing As to the Set Returns of the Fits these happen because for the most part the nutritive Juice is supplied from the Viscera to the Blood passing in the Veins in an even measure and quantity tho sometimes if the Persons who have intermittent Fevers gorge themselves too much or are very abstemious the Fits happen sooner or later than usual If it be ask'd wherefore the Set Returns of Fevers are not of one kind and of the same distance but that some come every day some every third or fourth day the cause is the different constitution of the Blood whereby it is perverted from its due temper into a sharp sometimes an acid or austere disposition According to this differing Dyscrasy the nutritive Juice fresh brought falls more or less from its maturation and is perverted into a matter sooner or later apt to Ferment The Procatarctick Causes of this Disease plainly shew its Origine from the temper of the Blood being chang'd For intermitting Fevers are chiefly rife in that Season and those places in which the Blood receives the greatest alteration from the Air. The same thing is made out by the Cure of intermittent Fevers whether it be natural and critical or artificial and be perform'd by the help of Medicines As to the first Intermittent Fevers are wont to be terminated after a two-fold manner the first is when the temper of the Blood is altered by the Fits themselves and it is brought to its natural state the other way is when the change of the Air or Place of abode brings a mighty alteration of the Blood for so Fevers begun about the Equinoxes are terminated about the Solstices also the Diseas'd travelling into another Country often recover As to the Cure to be perform'd with Medicines it is undertaken either Empirically or Dogmatically and in this Disease Empyrical Remedies taken from Mountebanks or old Women are more esteem'd and often effect more than the Prescripts of Physicians given according to an exact method of Curing The Empyrical Remedies which are said to cure intermittent Fevers are such as without any evacuation keep off the invading Fit and are either taken inwardly or are outwardly apply'd where the Pulses chiefly beat viz. they are bound for the most part to the Region of the Heart or to the Hand-wrists or to the Soles of the Feet now it is worthy to be enquired into after what manner these work and by what means they stop the feverish accesses It is manifest in the first place that the vertue and action of these things which are outwardly applyed are communicated to the Blood and Spirits immediately and in regard they drive off the Fit by way of prevention without the evacuation of any humour or matter of necessity the reason of this effect must consist only in this that by the use of these kinds of Medicines the Turgescency and Fermentation of the Blood with the Febrile matter are stopt that is to say from the Medicine bound about the Vessels certain Corpuscles or Effluvia are communicated to the Blood which greatly fix and constringe its Particles or also by fusing and exagitating precipitate them as it were after both wayes the spontaneous Effervescence of the Blood is hindred like as when cold Water is put into a boyling Pot or as when Vinegar or Allum is put into new and working Beer presently the fermentation ceases and the Liquour acquires a new tast and consistency and is as fit for drinking as if it had been ripened a long time Now that these Febrifuges operate after this manner it seems plain enough because those that are of chiefest note excell in a styptick and astringent or also in a precipitating Virtue hence Sea-salt Nitre Sal Gemm the Juice of Plantain Shepherds pouch all astringent Herbs bruised with Vinegar and the like things bound to the Wrists the roots of Yarrow Tormentill also Camphire hung about the Neck are said to remove this Disease Moreover the things that are taken inwardly are of the like sort the Juice of Plantain red Rose-water Allum in as much as they fix and constringe the Blood a Decoction of Pepper Sal Armoniack or of Wormwood Spirit of Vitriol also a sudden Passion of Anger or Fear in as much as by fusing and exagitating the Blood they precipitate it often hinder the feverish access like as a concussion and exagitation of any Liquour or an infusion of astringent things in it hinder a spontaneous Effervescence or Effort It is usual with some Empiricks for the cure of intermittent Fevers to make a hard Ball of Flax or Paper rowled up and to bind it so colse to the Wrist where the Pulses beat that the circulation of the Blood in that place is in some manner stopt and by this means the invading fit of the Fever is driven away I have certainly known many cured after this manner of a long continued Disease the reason of which seems to be that whilst the Blood is stayed in its Motion in any part it stirrs more violently in the rest and so from that trouble raised in the whole Blood the spontaneous Effervescence of its Liquour which was to follow a while after is stopt and upon the Fits being put off twice or thrice Nature takes to the digestion of the matter and to its ancient regularity The dogmatical cure for the most part is undertaken by Vomits and Catharticks also by letting Blood with which the Diseased are miserably tormented and the Disease is seldom brought to an end tho sometimes Tertian Fevers are taken away by a Vomit given a little before the Fit which happens because by this means the Blood is pretty fully cleansed of its bilous Humour tho its worthy observation that Vomits do no good in a Quartan Ague and seldom in a Tertian unless they are given presently at the beginning when the febrile Disposition is yet light and not fully confirmed Concerning intermitting Fevers in general there remain yet to be explained certain irregularities of them in which they alter from the common way first therefore the fits are wont sometimes to be without cold or shivering an intermittent Fever was rise this Autumn whose accesses troubled the diseased only with heat and that very intense in many there was a violent vomiting but no cold or sweat after four or five returns had hapned as the fit invaded the diseased were wont
and Thirst abated by degrees the Urine was less ruddy with somewhat of an Hypostasis afterward for three days the Fever leisurely declin'd yet he had every Night a certain Fit tho more remiss than before On the eleventh Day he sweated more freely and came to a perfect Crisis During the whole time of the sickness he used a very spare Diet as desiring no Food but small Ale and Whey made with it he took now and then cooling Drinks and Juleps of a Decoction of Barley and distill'd Waters every day if he had not a Motion to Stool of his own Accord an emollient Clyster was injected he used no Medicine beside viz. either Cathartick or Cardiack but the Fever being over he was twice purg'd and afterward soon grew well A young Student about twenty five Years of Age of a pale Countenance and a melancholy Temperament without a manifest Cause in August 1656. began to be sick first he complain'd of a feverish Distemper with a Thirst a spontaneous Lassitude and a want of Appetite On the second day he was troubled also with a Pain in the right side and a Distension of both Hypocondres also with an almost continual Vomiting Watchings and a violent Head-ach On the third day a Physician being called presently twelve Ounces of Blood were taken away in the Evening he grew hotter and delirious afterward a Sweat tho small hapning he was better the next Morning On the fourth day he presently threw up again whatsoever was given him and was troubled with an almost continual striving to vomit the giving of a Vomitory being propos'd by the Physician both the sick Person and his Friends refused to admit of it being taught by Experience of the Danger of it before a Clyster being given him he had six Stools and seem'd to be somewhat relieved and the Night following he slept a little On the fifth day again there was a frequent Vomiting with a continual Thirst he burned inwardly but the sense of that immoderate Heat was not perceivable outwardly to the Touch because the Recrements of the boyling Blood which ought to have breath'd forth through the skin seemed to stagnate within and so float the Viscera therefore in the Evening for provoking a Sweat this Bolus was given Conserve of Roses vitriolated a dram Gascoins Powder a Scruple Laudanum dissolv'd in Bawm Water a Grain That Night he slept indifferently and a copious Sweat ensuing the Symptoms seem'd to be mitigated nevertheless on the sixth day all things grew bad again a Heat throughout the whole Body a Thirst and a burning of the Praecordia prest violently On the seventh and eighth days the Pulse was uneven and disorderly for the most part he spoke delirous and if he was stirr'd in his Bed he fell frequently into a fainting Fit On the ninth Day the same Symptoms continued moreover he was troubled with a Contraction of the Tendons in the Wrists and with Convulsive Motions of other Parts so that we despaired in a manner of his well-doing That Morning because Nature seemed to yield her self overcome it concerned us to do what Art could afford wherefore intending a copious Sweat as the last Refuge I gave him at one taking a Dram of Spirit of Hart-born in a little Draught of a Cordial Julep from thenceforward for four Hours being very restless and raving he could scarce be kept in Bed but afterward Sleep stealing upon him he sweated very much and his Case was soon brought to be out of danger the following Night in order to continue the Sweat I ordered a Dose of the Powder of Contrayerva to be given him every six Hours The Fever and the Affects of the Genus Nervosum ceas'd in a short time and the sick Person recovered A Woman about thirty Years of Age of a robust Body and a melancholy Temperament as we might guess from her very austere way of Behaviour in the third Month after Child-birth as she gave her Infant suck in the Night the Cloaths falling from her took Cold and shortly upon it fell into a cold Shivering a Heat greater than usual followed it which afterward a gentle Sweat arising soon remitted On the second and third days she was very thirsty and had no Appetite tho without any immoderate Burning that she scarce yet believed her self in a Fever every Night she lay quiet but wholly without Sleep the Urine was intensly ruddly and somewhat thick and opake through the multitude of contents which nevertheless being not disturbed by the cold continued still after the same manner without an flypostasis or subfiding of the parts on the fourth day the heat was kindled throughout the whole wherefore a Physician being then first called about twelve ounces of Blood were taken from the Arm after the letting Blood and the Belly being copiously emptyed the same day by a Clyster given in the Evening she fell into a Sweat by which Nevertheless being not relieved she past the Night without Sleep as before tho an Anodyne Medicine were given her on the fifth day after a Clyster injected she had three stools and found ease the Urine still continued the same ruddy and troubled when it was prescribed her to have Blood taken from the Vein running under the Knee the Diseased earnestly refused it thinking herself upon a Recovery the Night following after that she had lain without Sleep and restless for a long time at length she fell into a sore fit such as is vulgarly said to be Hysterical and in the first place she was affected with a certain Numness or a Sense of pricking which seised the extream parts of the Body especially the Feet Leggs and Thighs and withall with a Flatus violently distending the Intestines Ventricle and Hypochondres she selt in the lower part of her Belly a certain great and heavy things as it were to rise up gently which when it was risen to the Heart and thence to the Brain presently the Diseased failed in her Understanding and for all the Night afterward lay delirous and talkt light-headed on the sixth day after the Belly 's being loosned by a Clyster she came to her self again was very sound in her Mind and seemed to be indifferently well but in the Evening as she was moved in her bed she began to feel an invasion of such a kind of fit as before to wit in her whole Body she had a sense of Pricking as tho she were stung with Nettles and withall in her Belly she felt a Ball as it were which creeping upwards distended the intestines and Ventricle so that store of Flatus'd and Belchings were thence caused for relief she desired cold Water might be given her to drink moreover Remedies usual in Hysterick Affects as Castoreum a smell of Assafetida Fumes of Feathers burnt Ligatures and Frictions of the Legs and Thighs and the like things were used by which she seemed for the present free from the said affect and was wholly cleared from it for four hours but as she lay
supprest To the tenth day after her Delivery being only gently feverish and the Purgings of the Womb still flowing she liv'd free from any severe Symptom but then tho very feverish she seemed more chearful than usual and more confident of her doing well in the night she slept little or scarce at all the morning following at which time I first visited her she was manifestly delirous the Lochia were stopt and the whole Body was in a Shivering the Tendons in the Wrists were convulsed so that her Pulse was scarce to be distinguished which in the mean while was weak uneven and very quick I declar'd That this Person unless the Hand of God unexpectedly delivered her must dye in a short time however six Grains of Oriental Bezoar being given in a Spoonful of a Cordial Julep and causing a copious Sweat with a better Pulse and afterward other Cordials given at due Intervals gave some hope of doing well tho doubtful and not to be relyed on After four Hours after I came being in a languishing Condition she had a very large Stool then presently her Strength wholly fell and within an hour and a half she died A Woman of Quality scarce exceeding twenty Years of Age of a florid Countenance and a thin Body the Lochia flowing immoderately after Child-birth used certain astringent Remedies by the Advice of the Attendants whereby they were wholly stopt but a Loosness followed which increasing for three days the Women gave her other Remedies to stop the Loosness nor were they frustrated of Success mean while they brought a dangerous Fever and Affects as it were hysterical in the place of the former for the unfortunate Woman in Child-bed was affected with a Thirst and a Heat with Watchings afterward with a frequent Swooning and cold Sweats Being called at this time I ordered Cordial Remedies and things to promote uterine Purgations to be drank and likewise a Clyster to be injected the Loosness of the Belly being again procur'd the Lochia also came down and the Diseas'd being freed from the foresaid Symptoms and the more severe Disease viz. the Nurses Remedies soon recovered from her Fever Here let it be observed by the By that it 's very dangerous either to stop or to alter or to thwart any Motion raised by Nature tho anomalous A Woman of Note about twenty years of Age of a full and well-flesh'd Habit of Body aborted twice within a Years space when afterward she had conceived with Child by her Physician 's Order once a Month drinking plentifully of Whey she raised a Vomiting whereby she was wont to cast up a great deal of thick and clammy Flegm also during the time of her being with Child she was let Bood five times The time of Child-bearing being over she brought forth a Boy with great Difficulty the Secundine came away entirely and she purged egregiously On the second day as she raised her self on her Feet in her Bed that the Cloaths might be put in order she took Cold and thenceforward the bloody Lochia were wholly stopt and only a little serous Water flowed forth On the third day she began to complain of an acute Pain in the right-side the Women present applyed to it Bags of Camomile made warm with Bricks nevertheless the Affect was very much increast with a bloody Spittle On the fourth day after Delivery a most acute Pain with a most difficult and very painful Breathing seised her By the Order of a Physician then coming from the Neighbourhood six ounces of Blood were drawn from the Basilica and she suddenly found Relief and was better for ten Hours At Midnight a pricking Pain returned with the wonted fierceness at other Physicians being called to consult they all concluded that it was necessary to bleed again in the Arm of the Side affected Blood being drawn to four ounces the Pain remitted and the Diseased breathed better afterward Diaphoreticks being giv'n she fell into a copious Sweat with a quiet Sleep but the Pulse became more quick and weaker also Contractions of the Tendons appear'd in the Wrists Presently afterward she talked light-headed and within twenty four Hours after Blood was drawn the last time she died That this Lady upon the Lochia being supprest together with a Fever fell into a pleurisie the Cause in some measure seems to be the Bleeding so often used during the time of her going with Child for by this means the Blood accustomed to be breathed by the Arm afterward fermenting leaving the Womb ran towards the wonted way of being let forth where not finding a Passage it fixed it self in the neighbouring side as in the next seat of Extravasation Moreover besides the usual state of a Pleurisie no small Malignity was added to this Disease for the Blood being freed from Extravasation presently began to be corrupted in its Crasis and on the third Day of the Fever was so far deprav'd that it was not able to ferment longer in the Heart and so to continue Life Not long since the Wife of a certain Smith was brought to Bed at the time that her Children were sick of the Small Pox in the same House and her self as it seems took the Contagion of the Disease for on the second day after Delivery Pushes began to break forth with a feverish Incalescence and a Pain in the Loins which for three days the Lochia flowing moderately rise up as they ought to good Wheals and tho a uterine Purgation happened copiously at this time she had the Small Pox very thick in her whole Body nor were they only on the Surface of the Skin but they likewise so filled the Cavity of the Mouth and Throat that she was scarce able to speak or to swallow On the sixth day after being delivered the Lochia flow'd immoderately whereby presently the Small Pox falling a Swooning frequent Convulsions and other Symptoms of an ill nature assail'd the Diseased which threatned Death in a short time Being called I prescribed half a dram of this Powder to be taken constantly every three Hours in a Spoonful of the following Julep viz. Take Roots of Tormentil powdred two drams the best Bole-armoniack one dram Species of Hyacynth half a dram make a Powder Take Water of Scordium compound of Dragonwort of Meadow sweet of each three ounces Acetum Theriacale an ounce Syrup of Corals two ounces burnt Harts-horn half a dram make a Julep Moreover I ordered that in her Broth and in all things she drank the Roots of Tormentil should be boyled by these Remedies the uterine Purgation was wholly stopt and the Small Pox without any severe Symptom being ripened by degrees fell away This Case was really difficult and was managed with a great deal of Danger viz It was dangerous either for the Lochia or Small Pox to be kept in and nevertheless the full Eruption of either hindred the Motion of the other as long as both proceeded moderately the Busmess being left to the Guidance of Nature went on indifferently well
Dropsie I say that in an Anasarca the Morbifick matter which is a Lympha resieds partly in the Mass of Blood and partly in the habit of the Body within the Pores and empty Spaces lying betwixt the Vessells Wherefore a strong Cathartick being given it presently Exagitates the Mass of Blood fuses it and moves it to an Excretion of any supersluous or heterogeneous thing And at the same time irritates the Mouths of the Arteries which lye open towards the Cavityes of the Intestines that the water cast out of the Blood may find a way forth rather by these Emissaries Hence in the fust place the waters floating within the Mass of Blood are clear'd forth in a plentifull manner and then the Vessells being drain'd soon drink up the waters betwixt the Flesh and the Skin and presently send them forth partly by seigh and partly by Urine or Sweat There is no fear in the mean time lest as in an Ascites the Morbifick matter being Exagitated and put in Fusion by the Medicine be driven from the Blood into the places affected whence it cannot easily get out again or lest as in a Tympany the Viscera by reason of the Fibres of the Ventricle and Intestines being too much irritated are mov'd into Convulsive Extensions for whilst the Viscera are sound and in a good state the Particles of the Medicament do them no hurt but being carryed thence into the Blood do not only fetch waters from it but by Exagitating its Mass raise up its Active Particles before opprest and dispose them for recovering their power of Fermentation Secondly I have also set down before the Hydragogues operating by Urine both simple and compound and have given you Forms of Medicines prepar'd of both and the ways of giveing them Wherefore I shall not repeat them here But because all Medicines of this kind do not good alike in all affects we must here observe that Lixivials as I have often found by experience far exceed the rest of Diureticks in Curing the Anasarca And now it 's a much us'd and common Remedy for any one who has his Members swell'd to Purge first and then to take twice or thrice a Day six or eight Ounces of a Lixivium made of White-wine with the Ashes of Wormwood or of Broom and to continue its use for some Days This Medicine as I have observ'd in many powerfully provok's Urine nay sometimes in such Abundance that the Patients within the space of twenty four hours making above a Gallon and a half of water have presently recover'd almost to a miracle The reason why Medicines containing a fixt and lixivial Sal expell Urine more in an Anasarca than such as are endow'd with an Acid or Alchalisate or Volatile Salt is that in this Disease the watery Homours which upon failing of the Fermentation of the Blood and of its sanguifying Vertue are gathered together as well within its Mass as in the habit of the Body upon stagnating there some time are turn'd somewhat sharp Wherefore the Lixivial Particles of the Medicine entering the Blood presently grow in a heat with the Acids of the waters which as they exagitate and ferment they cause a mighty Fermentation in the whole Mass of the Blood and a following excretion Take of the Ashes of Broom or of Wormwood or of the Prunings of Vines calcin'd to a whiteness and sifted four Ounces put them in a Glass-bottle with two Pounds of White-wine let there be a close and warm Digestion for three or four hours then strain it the Dose is from six Ounces to eight twice a Day Take white Tartar calcin'd with Nitre and after melted in a crucible till it look blew three Ounces small Spirit of Wine a pound and half water of Snails and Earth-worms of each four Ounces let them digest close luted in a sand-furnace for two Days the Dose of the clear Liquor is two or three Ounces with four Ounces of the Decoction of the Roots of Butchers Broom and Burdocks made in Ale For Ordinary Drink TAke white Ashes of Broom cleans'd two Pounds put them in a Bag with Raspings of Sassafras three Ounces Roots of the lesser Galingal an Ounce Juniper berryer and wild Carrot Seeds of each an Ounce and a half make a Bag for four Gallons of Ase after seven or eight Days begin to draw it Diaphoreticks often do excellently well in a Leucophlegmatia which begins or concludes an Anasarca and they usually agree better in this Disease when confirm'd than in other kinds of the Dropsie And though at the beginning they are not able to move Sweat because the habit of the Body is invested with a deal of waters however by exagitating the Blood they are a means that the active Particles implanted in it which were dull'd before and almost overwhelm'd are rais'd up again and dispos'd to a Fermentation and that all the dreggy Excrements especially such as are Aqueous are put in Motion so that presently breaking forth of their Receptacles in a plentiful manner they readily pass off by Seige or Urin and often in some measure by transpiration But after that the waters being well clear'd by Purging the Morbifick matter is so far diminisht that the bulk of the Body and the swelling of the Members begin to abate the remainder of the Humour is excellently consum'd by moderate Sweats and by a constant perspiration We have given you before a List and Forms of Hydroticks but as to our present purpose for the Cure of an Anasarca those things are most proper which are given in somwhat a large Dose for as to such as are prescrib'd in a small quantity their active Particles being immerg'd in the waters are overwhelm'd before they can be diffus'd in the Blood so as to exert their force wherefore Spirits whether Armoniack or Vinous also Tinctures and Elixirs nay and Powders seldom come in use against this Disease because in a small Dose they do little and if it be made very large they often offend the bowels by their excess in operation therefore let those things rather be made choice of which being taken in a full Draught and warm may be able to pass the whole Blood uncorrupted as chiefly the Decoctions of Woods and Roots whose Particles agreeing well enough with the Blood but being not to be mastered by it pass through its whole Mass and exert an Elastick force putting all the Humours in a Commotion Take Raspings of Guaiacum six Ounces Sassafras two Ounces all the Saunders of each six Drams shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each three Drams let them infuse according to Art and boyl in eight Pounds of fountain water till half be consum'd addïng Roots of Calamus Aromaticus the lesser Galingal Burdocks and Butter-burr of each an Ounce Leaves of Woodsage and Germander dryed of each two handfulls let the straining be kept for use the Dose is from eight Ounces to ten twice a Day warm to each Dose may be added Spirit of Sal Armoniack
Flowers of Tamarisk also shavings of Harts-horn or of Ivory which sweeten the Liquour and preserve it from turning four viz. in as much as the Particles of the fluid Salt which abound in the Cider and are apt to make it sharp are taken up in dissolving the foresaid Ingredients Temperate Physick Drinks may be prescrib'd after this manner viz. let a small Ale be prepar'd to fill a Vessel of five or six Gallons into which instead of Hops let tops of the Pine-tree of Firr or Tamarisk or the Raspings of either of their Woods be put them after it has wrought let the Roots of sharp pointed Dock dryed be put into the Vessel than which certainly there is no Remedy more excellent in the Scurvy To these sometimes let the Leaves of Brook-limes Water-cresses Winter-cresses c. be added Also Pomecitrons or Oranges cut in slices Leaves of Harts-tongue put into a little Vessel of midling Ale after it has wrought gives it a grateful savour and odour CHAP. IV. Of the Curatory Indication of the Scurvy whereby we obviate the Disease it self and the Symptoms that are most pressing HItherto we have shewn concerning the Cure of the Scurvy what regards the Preservatory Indication to wit the removal of the Morbifick Cause viz. both the intentions of Curing and the Remedies indicated Which kind of method being seasonably begun and duly prosecuted often does the whole work viz. in as much as the Cause of the Disease or the Root of it being cut off the affects depending of it dye of their own accord Nevertheless we must not go on with this course of Physick always directly but turning aside several ways For sometimes severe Accidents and Symptoms happen which require a peculiar and as it were extraordinary Physical help to which we must Immediately attend and often interrupting the general Cure Concerning these we must observe that as affects which happen upon the Scurvy require Appropriated Remedies according to the Nature of each of them and to the disposition of the Patient yet Antiscorbuticks ought always to be mixt with them I will not be needful to order a Method of Cure against all diseases and affects with which the Scurvy is wont to be attended for so the whole Practice of Pyhsick would be here transcrib'd but we shall have regard only to the Symptoms that are chiefly pressing by which either the life of the Patient is endanger'd or the principal Cure Obstructed after what manner and by what Medicines such are Cur'd I shall now shew Of Curing a difficult Breathing and Asthmatick Fits A Difficult Breathing with a straitness of the Brest and Asthmatick Fits ought presently to be removed by appropriated Remedies to be prescrib'd besides the general Method for other wise the diseased is soon brought in danger of life Since these sorts of evils arise in Scorbutical persons for the most part either through the fault of the Blood stagnating in the Heart or by reason of the Nerves of the Lungs being hindred in their Function therefore they are Gur'd either by Cordial or Anticonvulsive Medicines Spirit of Harts-horn of Soot of Blood of Mans Scull also the Tincture of Castoreum of Antimony or of Sulphur Flowers of Sal Armoniack Flowers of Benzoin also Elixir Proprietatis are often of excellent use in these Cases which kind of Medicines may be frequently given with a Dose of some Antiscorbutick Liquors appropriated also against the foresaid afects For the appeasing of a sudden difficulty of Breathing which is meerly Convulsive if at any time it very sorely presses I have found no more present remedy then our Tincture of Laudanum with Opium given to ten or twelve drops in a convenient Liquour For Sleep Stealing on the Spirits remit of their disorders and in the mean while being refresh't they resume afterwards their accustom'd offices after a due manner Take Roots of the great Bur Dock of Butter-Burr and Chervil of each an Ounce Leaves of Maiden-hair and Germander of each a handful Seeds of the Great Bur Dock of Bastard Saffron of each three Drams Raisins two Ounces being slic't and bruis'd let them Boyl in three pounds of Fountain water till the third part be Consum'd add of White-wine four Ounces strain it into a Flagon into which put leaves of Scurvy-grass slic't a handful Roots of Elecampane preserv'd and small slic't half an Ounce make a close and warm Infusion for three hours the Dose is six Ounces twice or thrice a day Of Affects of the Stomach which are wont to happen in the Scurvy SCorbutical persons are wont sometimes to be troubled with a great Oppletion and Pain of the Stomach also with a Nauseousness and Belching and sometimes also with a frequent and violent Vomiting which kind of distempers sometimes arise from the Chyle there degenerated into a Mass of Corruption but oftner from the Morbifick Matter brought thither either by the conveyance of the Blood or also of the nervous Juice and either depos'd within the Cavity of the Stomach or fixt in the Plexus's of the Nerves and in the Membranes In these kinds of Cases if a Viscous Stinking or otherwise Offensive Matter be cast up by Vomit and there be a suspicion that the cause lyes within the Cavity of the Stomach its proper to give a gentle Vomit of Wine of Squills or of Salt of Vitriol Or let the offending Humours be Purg'd off by Stool either by Extract of Rhubarb or by its infusion with the addition of Salt or Cream of Tartar But if the Matter sticks deeply within the Membranes or the Plexus's of the Nerves Diaphoreticks or things that moderate the effervescencies of the Salts do better Let Elixir Proprietatis or Flowers of Sal Armoniack or Spirit of Soot be frequently taken with Raddish Water Compound water of Earthworms or some other Antiscorbutick Liquour Mean while once or twice a day let Fomentations of Wormwood Centory Flowers of Cammomil Roots of Gentian and other things Boyl'd in White-wine be applyed to the Region of the Stomach with Wollen Cloths dip't into it warm and wrung forth The use of Glysters is proper and Opiats often give great help Of the Belly Ach and the Scorbutick Collick SCarce any affect requires a more speedy Physical help than the Colick and gripes in the Belly which frequently happen in the Scurvy Against these evils Glysters of various kinds Fomentations Liniments and Cataplasms are administred The use of Opiates is found to be very necessary here Certainly in this Case that Praescript of Riverius chiefly has place viz. that Purging Pills be given with Landanum mixt with them for a plentiful Evacuation by seige and Sleep being caus'd the Fit often is taken away Moreover Powders of Shells by which the sharp Salts are Imbib'd or fixt conduce very much to the removal of the Morbifick cause for example Take Crabs Eyes and Egge Shells of each a Dram and a half Pearl a Dram make a Powder divide it into twelve Doses whereof let one be taken
morbifick matter being discuss'd or evaporated from the Cerebellum the motion of the Heart is renewed as that of a Clock upon hanging on Weights In an Apoplectick Fit if after letting Blood relief follows some hope of well-doing appears but if after this and other Remedies the affect continues above four and twenty hours without remitting or grows worse all hope is over concerning the diseased If after the first seisure of a speechlesness being well over the diseased afterward becoming more drowsie and dull is affected with a Scotomia and a frequent Vertigo it is a sign that he will be obnoxious to other accesses of the Apoplexy for the foresaid affects proceed from the morbifick matter at that time deposed in the circumference of the Brain and there floating here and there and now and then descending by small parts only into the midst of it which matter whether it be Vitriolick or Narcotick after that it is gathered together to a fulness brings the Apoplexy The Therapeutick method either is curatory for removing the fit after it has seized or preservatory for preventing it from returning the former regards every Apoplexy the other only that which is habitual A fit of the Disease hapning if it does not proceed from an outward or violent hurt of the Head tho it be unknown whether it be raised by an invisible cause such as are an extravasating of the Blood in the Brain or an Abscess broken or not however we ought diligently to endeavour its cure And because the Blood being too turgid is wont to induce the morbifick cause or at leastwise to increase it and when it subsides and becomes more calm is wont sometimes to remove the same therefore in the first place we ought to deliberate concerning the moderating of its course And here a question arises concerning the site of the diseased viz. Whether he ought not presently to be put to bed or rather to be kept out of it for some time some religiously observe the latter nor is it without reason because in Bed there is a greater propension to sleep and the Blood boyling more and burning more freely by reason of the ambient hear of the Bed sends more of the recrementitious matter into the head affected on the contrary when the diseased being thinly cloathed is plac'd in a Chair the Blood flows more slowly and the subsiding Vessels seem more fit rather for drinking up humours sent from the Brain then for sending them thither Wherefore if the Patient be strong enough it may haply be better for him to stay out of Bed for six or eight Hours till the Fluxion of the morbifick Matter be past and the course of the Blood be made more calm by blooding and other Remedies carefully administred But let those that are weak and of a tender Constitution be put presently to Bed as soon as they are seiz'd Let the site of the diseased whether he be in Bed or out of it not be on his Back but the Head somewhat raised and learning sometimes to one side sometimes to the other Blooding being necessary almost in all Apoplectical Persons may not be delayed but a smart Clyster being injected let Blood be taken in a plentiful quantity In the Clyster let there be dissolved Species Hierae Diacolycinth and a thick infusion of Crocus Metallorum let a large Vesicatory be applyed to the Neck and others to the Leggs and drawing Cataplasmes to the feet let the Temples and Nostrils be anointed with appropriate Oyles and Balsoms and let painful Frictions be used to the Limbs nay to the whole Body meanwhile let those things be now and then given which raise up the animal Spirits and free them from their Fetters viz. Spirit of Harts-horn Soot and the like with a Cephalick Julep Afterward the diseased being put to Bed if he seems easie and able enough to bear a Vomit let a vomitory of Salt of Vitriol Oxymel of Squils or an infusion of Crocus Metallorum be given and now and then a Quill being thrust into his Throat let a vomiting be raised four or five times Posset-drink by intervals being poured into him The vomiting being over let comforting things as Quercitans Elixir of Life Spirit of Lavender or of Treacle camphorated Tincture of Peony or of Amber or Coral be given in a fit dose with Apoplectick and other appropriate Waters and as occasion requires let them be repeated On the second day the same Remedies being still continued let dry Cupping-glasses or with a scarification also be applyed about the Shoulder-blades or in the Neck or if more Blood ought to be drawn let the Jugular Vein be opened let the Clyster be repeated Let Spirit of Sal Armoniack or a steam of Galbanum boyled in sharp Vinegar be held to the Nostrils Moreover let Errhins and Apophlegmatisms be used afterward in the Evening let a purge of Pilulae Rudii or the Electuary of Roses solutive dissolved in some Liquour be given These things doing no good tho there be small or no hope let either a burning hot Iron or a large Vesicatory be applyed to the Crown of the Head shaved let the remaining part of it and chiefly the Forehead and Sinciput be somented with Bezoardick Vinegar Let Leeches be applyed to the Temples or behind the Ears Let Spirit of Harts-horn or of Soot be given him in a large dose and often we must insist on these and other ways of adminstrations till death seems to be at hand which as Celsus has it those kind of Remedies often only delay and in the mean while prove troublesome to life The Prophylactick Method regards both those who have been formerly set upon with one or more Invasions and those who seem prone to them as being born from Apoplectick Parents or being obnoxious to the Vertigo Incubus or frequent Faintings and such as have the Neck short and thick grown Spring and Fall let purging and blooding where it is proper be used as to the former let those that are easie to vomit take first a vomitory of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum with Salt of Vitriol or of Sulphur of Antimony and then after three or four dayes let a dose of Pilulae Rudii or of Amber be given and afterward by due intervals let it is be repeated three or four times let two large Issues be raised near the Shoulder-blades or if those Places do not please some let them have one in the Arm and another in the opposite Leg. On other dayes free from purging let altering and cephalick Medicines be taken twice a day Take Conserve of the Flowers of Lillies of the valley or of male Peony six ounces powder of the roots of male Peony half an ounce mans skull prepar'd three drams seeds and flowers of male Peony powdered of each two drams red Coral prepar'd Pearl and white Amber of each a dram Salt of Coral four scruples syrup of the flowers of male Peony what suffices make an Electuary the dose is two drams
Autumn coming on when that Disease ceased a Quartan Fever began to be very rife so that in many places well near the fourth part of man-kind was seis'd with the same and those of all Ages and Temperaments which plainly shew'd that this affect did not take its rise from a melancholy Humour heapt together through the fault of the Spleen as some have thought but from the Discrasy of the Blood caused through the distemperature of the Year Tho many Physical Apparatus's were ordered against this evil yet very few were cured within the compass of the Autumn In some about the first beginnings of their Sickness before the Disease had taken root Vomits gave relief tho in most Medicines purging any ways tho repeated a hundred times did not the least good at all those in whom the evil was deeply rooted received not any relief from the most exactly devised Remedies used throughout the whole Autumn when at this time I saw the vulgar Methods of Physick put in practise in vain To a certain noble Virgin who desired a sudden Cure to be performed by any manner of means I propos'd that if she would undergo a Salivation for some dayes by a mineral Medicine she might thence hope a speedy conquest of her Disease she readily agreeing to this I gave her a gentle and very safe Medicine by which only a gentle spitting was raised and that ended within twelve dayes from the time the salivation began she presently mist her fits but at the times they were wont to come she found a disturbance in her whole Body with an oppression of the Heart and a danger of Fainting but afterward the spitting being ended she seem'd throughly recovered and when after two Months time she had again certain slight accesses of this Disease an Emetick Powder being given her twice or thrice she was perfectly cured without a relapse After the Winter Solstice this Disease was not so violent but began to grow mild in some of its own own accord and to be more easily overcome in most others by the use of Medicines for at this time the discrasy of the Blood contracted by the Summer heat is wont to be removed by degrees by the cold of Winter and the inveterascent mass of the Blood to depose its old taint and to return towards its natural state but those who were of a melancholy Temperament or had the Viscera and especially the Spleen ill affected or those that used an ill form of diet received no change from this Tropick but held their Disease to the next period of the Year to wit to the Vernal Equinox and then in a great many this affect was seen to be overcome the Blood either being renewed of it self or its Distemperature being more easily amended by the use of Medicines but in the mean time many aged cachochymical and otherwise weakly Persons died every where of this Disease in this whole tract of time and some there were who having past the Summer Solstice had not yet shaken it off now tho many were troubled with this as it were Epidemious Fever almost for a whole Year yet none that I knew of contracted it first in the Spring and very few recovered of it during the Autumn that I cannot doubt but the Discrasy of the Blood was really the cause of it and that its cure consisted in its change The Remedies which oftentimes gave relief at least as far as it agreed with our observation were such as stopt the fit of the Fever for the evil habit of the Blood being somewhat amended upon the change of the Season of the Year in case the habitual usance of the fits be broken off Nature recollects her self and easily recovers her ancient state of Health by her own endeavour And this kind of intent viz. the stopping of the Fits tho it be sometimes performed by Vomits given a little before the access for these often stop the feverish Motion of the Blood by raising another contrary to it yet this indication is far more certainly and indeed more successfully performed by the use of those kinds of Medicines which do not at all evacuate from the Viscera but cause in the Blood a certain fixation or precipitation of the feverish Matter for a time Wherefore those whom I undertook to cure as the Spring came on and thence forwards I managed with this Method and in many with good success a provision being made for the whole by a Medicine sometimes Vomiting sometimes Purging three hours before the fit I was wont to order Epithemes to be applyed to the Wrists and withal a febrifuge Powder to be taken in Sack and the diseased to be kept in Bed in a gentle sweat It seldom happen'd but at the first or second time the access of the Fever was stopt after this manner and afterward the same Remedy being sometimes repeated at length the Disease wholly ceased this kind of Practise besides what I have found by experience seems to be made good by the use of the Powder of a certain Bark lately brought from the Indies which is said most certainly to cure this Disease whereas the Virtue or operation of this without any Evacuation consists only in this that it stops the invading fits of Fevers Concerning that Peruvian Bark because of late it begins to be in daily use these few things which occur to common observation are to be said the vulgar way of giving it is to infuse two drams of this being made into a Powder in White-wine or Sack for two Hours the Vessel being close covered and then as the fit approaches to let the Diseased lying in Bed drink the Liquour with the Powder This Drink often removes the imminent access tho many times that coming after its usual manner it prevents the next ensuing howsoever whether the fit be stopt at the first or at the second or third time of return and the Disease seem to be cured yet it oftentimes it wont to return within twenty or thirty dayes and then this Powder being given again the Invasion of the Disease is again put off for the space of about the same time and after this manner I have known many troubled with a Quartan to have undergone only a few accesses of it during the whole Autumn and Winter and so to have held the Enemy foreguarded till the Spring coming on by the help of the Season of the Year and of other Medicines the Disposition of the Blood was altered for the better and so that affect vanisht by degrees those who by this means procured frequent times of truce of the Quartan being cheerful and sprightly liv'd prompt for all business whereas otherwise being enervated and pale they were brought to a Languour and a vitious habit of Body scarce one of a hundred tryed this Remedy without effect nay if it be taken in a half quantity or less viz. to the weight of half a dram or a dram it oftentimes takes away the accesses and suspends the
same only for a shorter space nor is it matter whether it be taken in White-wine or Sack but with respect to the Temperaments of the Diseased for in a hot Temperament it may conveniently be taken in a distilled Water or Whey also it s clear infusion the thick substance thrown away produces the like effect but of shorter continuance I have ordered this Powder to be given to some made into Pills with Mucilage of Tragacanth with the like henefit to the Diseased after what manner soever it be taken it cause no manifest Evacuation unless it be in such as are apt to cast and loath all Physick and it takes away the fit in a manner in all nor is it only given with benefit in a Quartan Fever but in other kinds of intermittents viz. in all where there interceeds a time of cessation of the Fever It is commonly ordered that a gentle Purge be given before the use of this but in some who have been very weak and kept their Beds this Powder taken alone without a previous Purge has procur'd laudable effects mean while I must ingeniously consess that I have not yet seen an intermittent Fever throughly cured by once giving this Powder nay not only fits of a Quartan Fever but of a Tertian and Quotidian easie to be wholly overcome by other Remedies seeming to be driven away with this constantly returned after a short time for this reason those who when there is no case of Necessity suppress intermittent Fevers only for a short while by this Medicine they being easie to be cured other wayes seem to proceed deceitfully in Physick nor more to the purpose than those who heal over a hollow Ulcer which will presently break forth again Indeed in some cases the use of this may be proper enough viz. when by the too great assiduity of fits the strength of the Diseased is very much spent times of truce may be provured by this means whereby Nature may recollect her self and afterward more powerfully oppose her Enemy also this Powder is conveniently given that the Quartan Fever may be past over with less tediousness during the Autumn and Winter But those who desire to be long vacant from the Incursions of that Fever are advised to take this Powder in a great quantity and often viz. two drams for three fits one after the other whether the acccesses return or not by this means they continue free the longer but still keep the latent Enemy within them tho laid asleep If it be enquired concerning the nature of this Bark and of its Vertue in suppressing the fits of intermittent Fevers we must not dissemble but it is a difficult thing to explicate the causes of these kinds of Effects and of the wayes of operating because we cannot find the like efficacy in any subject besides and a general rule is not well adapted to a singular experiment however by a diligent conferring the Phoenomena we shall make an orderly deduction of certain Positions which is they do not attain the truth of this matter at least wise may make some step towards it In the first place it may be observed that this Medicine inwardly taken chiefly exercises its force and energy on the mass of Blood for it does not at all irritate the Viscera nor does it cause any exertion or trouble to them Moreover until its vertue be communicated to the Blood its antipyretick sorce is not at all exerted wherefore the fit immediately ensuing is not always prevented but the second or third after its being taken and for this reason that it may affect the Blood the sooner it is usual that together with the Powder a Liquour strongly impreguated with the same be given for so its Particles are more readily conveyed into the mass of Blood Secondly the vertue of that Bark conveyed itno the Blood continues for some time in it and that shorter or longer according as a greater or lesser portion of the Medicine is inwardly taken for the Particles of this mixt with the Cruor are circulated a long time with it and the more ther are of them the more they affect its mass and produce a more lasting affect for tho Aliments and certain other things taken inwardly in as much as they are presently subdued by the natural heat assimilated or cast forth cease to operate yet some Medicines taken into the Body because they are not easily subdued nor by a sudden irritation are presently sent forth continue very active for many dayes and keep the Blood and Jucies a long time in this or that course of Fermentation this may be observed of certain Medicines also of Poysons and many Antidotes whereof one only giving is wont to affect our Bodies for many daies and the same repeated for a longer time for it is usual after Cathartick Medicines if at any time they do nto operate by Vomit or Seige that Pimples and Pushes break forth outwardly after many Weeks Moreover if after Toxicum being drank Death be escap'd every man knows that its virulency lurches for a very long time in the Blood and Juices In like manner also this Powder and haply a great many other things inwardly taken continue still to act on the Spirits and Humours how much soever they seem lulled a sleep Thirdly tho that Medicine acts immediately on the Blood and Humours yet it does not throughly take away the feverish Discrasy seated in them for as soon as its force is spent and all its Particles are past off from the mixture of the Blood the affect suppressed only for a time breaks forth anew and takes to its accesses after its wonted manner but for as much as nature during this time of cessation is become more strong therefore after the relaps the fits are wont to return not as before but on the third or fourth day according to the first Type of the Disease Fourthly it is to be observed that this Remedie does not stop the accesses of Fevers as vulgar sebrisuges by fixing or also by susing the Blood for then always the imminent fit and not the second or third to follow after would be prevented Which things being considered that we may subjoyn some things as a Corallary concerning the way of operating whereby this Medicine seems to Work we say that its likely that when the Particles proceeding from the same taken inwardly are mixt with the Blood they force it into a certain new Fermentation wherewith whilst the Particles of the Blood are continually agitated they are wholly hindred from heaping together an excrementitious matter and from falling into feverish Turgescencies for as after the biting of a Mad-dog or the stinging of venemous Animals the Blood it self and nervous Juyce are long poyson'd yet Alexipharmicks taken hinder them from falling prefently into great Irregularities by keeping their Uquours in another Fermentation the use of which if so long continued till the virulent Corpuscles are wholly past away no dreadful svmptom is fear'd from