and congealing of blood A drink for the same purpose â„ž Ligni guajaci â„¥ viij radicis enulae camp consolid majoris Ireos Florent polypod querni seminis coriandri anisi an â„¥ ss glycyrhiz â„¥ ij nepetae centaureae caryophyl cardui ben verbenae an m. s aquae fontanae lib. xij Let them be all beaten and infused for the space of twelve hours then let them boil over a gentle fire untill the one half be consumed let the Patient drink some halfe a pint of this drink in the morning and then sweat some hours upon it in his bed and do this for seven or eight dayes If any poor man light upon such a mischance who for want of means cannot be at such cost it will be good having wrapped him in a sheet to bury him up to the chin in Dung mixed with some hay or straw and there to keep him untill he have sweat sufficiently I have done thus to many with very good success You shall also give the Patient potions made with syrups which have power to hinder the coagulation and putrefaction of the blood such as syrup of Vinegar or Lemmons of the juice of Citrons and such others to the quantity of an ounce dissolved in scabius or Cardnus water You may also presently after the fall give this drink which hath power to hinder the coagulation of the blood and strengthen the bowells â„ž Rhei elect in pul redacti ℈ j aquae ruliae majoris plantagin an â„¥ j. theriacaÊ’ ss syrupide rosis siccis â„¥ ss fiat pâ—â—us Let him take it in the morning for four or five dayes In stead hereof you may make a potion of one dram of Sperma ceti d ssolved in bugloss or some other of the waters formerly mentioned and half an ounce of syrup of Maiden-hair if the disease yield not at all to these formerly prescribed medicins it will be good to give the Patient for nine dayes three or four hours before meat A powder for the same some of the following powder â„ž rhei torrefacti rad rub majoris centaurei gentianae aristoli rotundae an â„¥ ss give Ê’j hereof with syrup of Vinegar and Carduus water They say that the water of green Walnuts distilled by an Alembick is good to dissolve congealed and knotted blood Also you may use baths made of the decoction of the roots of Orris Elecampane Sorrel Fennel Marshmallows Water-fern or Osmund the waterman the greater Comfrey the seeds of Faenugreek the leaves of Sage Marjerum the flowres of Camomile Melilote and the like For a warm Bath hath power to rarifie the skin The distilled water of green Walnuts Baths to dissolve the clotted blood by cutting the tough and mitigating the acrid humors by calling them forth into the surface of the body and relaxing the passages thereof so that the rebellious qualities being orecome there ensues an easie evacuation of the matter by vomit or expectoration if it flote in the Stomach or be contained in the Chest but by stool and urin if it lye in the lower parts by sweats and transpiration if it lye next under the skin Wherefore bathes are good for those who have a Peripneumonia or inflammation of their Lungs Lib 3 de vict aâ—ut lib. 3. de de meth or a Plurisie according to the mind of Hippocrates if so be that they be used when the feaver begins to be asswaged for so they mitigate pain help forwards suppuration and hasten the spitting up of the purulent matter But we would not have the Patient enter into the bath unless he have first used general remedies as blood-letting and purging for otherwise there will be no small danger lest the humors diffused by the heat of the bath cause a new defluxion into the parts affected Wherefore do not thou by any means attempt to use this or the like remedy having not first had the advice of a Physitian CHAP. III. How we must handle Contusions when they are joyned with a Wound EVery great Contusion forthwith requires Bloud-letting or purging or both and these either for evacuation or revulsion For thus Hippocrates in a contusion of the heel Sect. lib. fract gives a vomitory portion the same day or else the next day after the heel is broken And then if the Contusion have a wound associating it the defluxion must be strayed at the beginning with an Ointment made of Bole-Armenick the white of Eggs and Oyl of Roses and Myrtles with the powders of red-Roses Alome and Mastich At the second dressing apply a digestive made of the yolk of an Egg Oyl of Violets and Turpentine A suppurative Cataplasm This following Cataplasm shall be applyed to the near parts to help forwards suppuration â„ž rad althaeae lilii an â„¥ iiij sal malâ— violar senecionis an M. ss coquantur complete passentur per setaceum addendo butyri recentis olei viol an â„¥ iij. farinae volatilis quant sufficit fiat cataplasma ad formam pultis liquidae A caution to be observed Yet have a care in using of Cataplasms that you do not too much exceed for too frequent and immoderate use of them makes wounds phlegmonous sordid and putrid Wherefore the wound after it is come to suppuration must be clensed filled with flesh and cicatrized unless happily the contused flesh shall be very much torn so that the native heat forsake it for then it must be cut away But if there be any hope to agglutinate it let it be sowed How contused wounds must be sowed and other things performed according to Art but the stitches must not be made so close together as when the wound is simple and without contusion for such wounds are easily inflamed and swell up which would occasion either the breaking of the thred or flesh or tearing of the skin CHAP. IV. Of these Contusions which are without a Wound IF the skin being whole and not hurt as far as can be discerned the flesh which lies under it be contused and the bloud poured forth under the skin make an Ecchymosis then the Patient must be governed according Art until the malign symptoms which commonly happen be no more to be feared Wherefore in the beginning draw bloud on the opposite side Phlebotomy both for evacuation and revulsion The contused part shall be scarified with equal scarifications Scarifying Cupping-glasses then shall you apply Cupping-glasses or horns both for evacuation of the bloud which causes the tumor and tension in the part as also to ventilate and refrigerate the heat of the part lest it turn into an Abscess Neither must we in the mean while omit gentle purging of the Belly Astrictives how good in Contusions The first Topick medicins ought to be astrictives which must lye some short while upon the part that so the Veins and Arteries may be as it were straitned and closed up and so the defluxion hindered as also that the part it self may be
Saffron the roots of Angelica and Lovage and such like which must be macerated one night in sharp Vineger and Aqua vitae and then tied in a knot as big as an egg or rather let it be carried in a sponge made wet or soaked in the said infusion For there is nothing that doth sooner and better hold the spirituous virtue and strength of aromatick things then a sponge Wherefore it is of principal use either to keep or hold sweet things to the nose or to apply Epithems and Fomentations to the heart Of what nature the medicines outwardly used ought to be Those sweet things ought to be hot or cold as the season of the year and kinde of the pestilence is As for example in the Summer you ought to infuse and macerate Cinnamon and Cloves beaten together with a little Saffron in equal parts of vineger of Roses and rose-Rose-water into which you must dip a sponge which rowled in a fair linnen cloth you may carry in your hand and often smell to Take of Worm-wood half a handful ten Cloves of the roots of Gentian and Angelica of each two drams of vineger and rose-Rose-water of each two ounces of Treacle and Mithridate of each one dram beat and mix them well all together and let a sponge be dipped therein and used as above said They may also be inclosed in boxes made of sweet wood as of Juniper Cedar or cypress and so carried for the same purpose But there is nothing more easie to be carryed then Pomanders the form of which is thus Take of yellow Sanders Mace Citron-pills Rose and Mirtle-leavs of each two drams of Benzoin Ladanum Storax of each half a dram of Cinnamon and Saffron of each two scruples of Camphire and Amber-Greece of each one scruple of Musk three grains Make thereof a Pomander with rose-Rose-water with the infusion of Tragacanth Or take red-Rose-leavs Pomanders the flowers of Water-lillies and Violets of each one ounce of the three Sanders Coriander-seeds Citron-pills of each half an ounce of Camphire one dram let them all be made into powder and with Water of Roses and Tragacanth make a pomander In the Winter it is to be made thus Take of Storax Benzoin of each one dram and a half of Musk half a scruple of Cloves Lavander and Ciperus of each two drams of the root of Orris i.e. Flower-de-luce and Calamus aromaticus of each two drams and a half of Amber-Greece three drams of Gum-Tragacanth dissolved in rose-Rose-water and aqua vitae as much as shall suffice make thereof a Pomander And for the same purpose you may also use to carry about with you sweet powders Sweet powders made of Amber-Greece Storax Orris Nutmegs Cinnamon Mace Cloves Saffron Benzoin Musk Camphire Roses Violets Juncus odoratus Marjarum and such like of which being mixed together Powders may be compounded and made Take of the roots of Orris two drams of Cyperus Calamus aromatïcus red Roses of each half an ounce of Cloves half a dram of Storax one dram of Musk eight grains mix them and make a powder for a bag or take the roots of Orris two ounces red Rose-leavs white Sanders Storax of each one dram of Cyperus one ounce of Calamus aromaticus one ounce of Marjarum half an ounce of Cloves three drams of Lavander half a dram of Coriander-seeds two drams of good Musk half a Scruple of Ladanum and Benzoin of each a dram of Nutmegs and Cinnamon of each two drams Make thereof a fine powder and sow it in a bag It will be very convenient also to apply to the region of the heart Bags a bag filled with yellow Sanders Mace Cloves Cinnamon Saffron and Treacle shaken together and incorporated and sprinkled over with strong vinegar and rose-Rose-water in Summer and with strong wine and Muskadine in the Winter The sweet Aromatick things that are so full of spirits smelling sweetly and strongly have admirable vertues to strengthen the principal parts of the body and to stir up the expulsive faculty to expel the poyson Contrarywise those that are stinking and unsavory procure a desire to vomit Unsavory things to be eschewed and dissolution of the powers by which it is manifest how foolish and absurd their perswasion is that counsel such as are in a pestilent constitution of the Air to receive and take in the stinking and unsavory vapours of sinks and privies and that especially in the morning But it will not suffice to carry those preservatives alone without the use of any other thing but it will be also very profitable to wash all the whole body in Vinegar of the decoction of Juniper and Bay-berries the Roots of Gentian Marigolds S. Johns-Wort and such like with Treacle or Mithridate also dissolved in it For vinegar is an enemy to all poysons in general whether they be hot or cold for it resisteth and hindereth putrefaction Neither is it to be feared that it should obstruct the pores by reason of its coldness if the body be bathed in it for it is of subtil parts and the spices boiled in it have virtue to open Whosoever accounteth it hurtful to wash his whole body therewith let him wash only his arm-holes the region of his heart his temples groins parts of generation as having great and marvellous sympathy with the principal and noble parts If any mislike bathing let him annoint himself with the following Unguent An Unguent Take oyl of Roses four ounces oyl of Spike two ounces of the powder of Cinnamon and Cloves of each one ounce and a half of Benzoin half an ounce of Musk six grains of Treacle half a dram of Venice-Turpentine one dram and a half of Wax as much as shall suffice make thereof a soft Unguent You may also drop a few drops of oyl of Mastich of Sage or of Cloves and such like into the ears with a little Civet or Musk. CHAP. IX Of other things to be observed for prevention in fear of the Plague VEnery is chiefly to be eschewed for by it the powers are debilitated Why Venery is to be shunned the spirits dissipated and the breathing places of the body diminished and lastly all the strength of nature weakned A sedentary life is to be shunned as also excess in diet for hence proceeds obstruction the corruption of the juices and preparation of the body to putrefaction and the pestilence Women must be very careful that they have their courses duely for stopping besides the custom they easily acquire corruption and draw by contagion the rest of the humors into their society Such as have fistuloes or otherwise old ulcers must not heal them up in a pestilent season Running ulcers good in time of pestilence for it is then more convenient rather to make new ones and these in convenient and declining places that as by these channels the sink of the humors of the body may be emptied The Hemorhoids bleedings and other the like accustomed evacuations must
and nature be too weak and yield and that first he be troubled with often panting or palpitation of the heart then presently after with frequent faintings the patient then at length will die For this is a great sign of the Plague or a pestilent Fever if presently at the first with no labour nor any evacuation worth the speaking of their strength fail them and they become exceeding faint You may find the other signs mentioned in our preceding discourse CHAP. XIX Into what place the Patient ought to betake himself so soon as he finds himself infected Change of the Air conduceth to the cure of the Plague WE have said that the perpetual and first original of the Pestilence cometh of the Air therefore so soon as one is blasted with the pestiferous Air after he hath taken some preservative against the malignity thereof he must withdraw himself into some wholesome Air that is clean and pure from any venomous infection or contagion for there is great hope of health by the alteration of the Air for we do most frequently and abundantly draw in the Air of all things so that we cannot want it for a minute of time therefore of the Air that is drawn in dependeth the correction amendment or increase of the poyson or malignity that is received as the Air is pure sincere or corrupted There be some that do think it good to shut the patient in a close chamber shutting the windows to prohibit the entrance of the Air as much as they are able But I think it more convenient that those windows should be open from whence that wind bloweth that is directly contrary unto that which brought in the venomous Air Air pent up is apt to putrefie For although there be no other cause yet if the Air be not moved or agitated but shut up in a close place it will soon be corrupted Therefore in a close and quiet place that is not subject to the entrance of the Air I would wish the Patient to make winde or to procure Air with a thick and great cloth dipped or macerated in water and vinegar mixed together and tied to a long staff that by tossing it up and down the close chamber the winde or air thereof may cool and recreate the Patient The Patient must every day be carryed into a fresh chamber and the beds and the linnen cloaths must be changed there must alwayes be a clear and bright fire in the Patients chamber and especially in the night whereby the air may be made more pure clean and void of nightly vapors and of the filthy and pestilent breath proceeding from the Patient or his excrements In the mean time lest if it be in hot weather the Patient should be weakned or made more faint by reason that the heat of the fire doth disperse and wast his spirits the floor or ground of his chamber must be sprinkled or watered with vineger and water or strowed with the branches of Vines made moist in cold water with the leaves and flowers of Water-lillies or Poplar or such like In the fervent heat of Summer he must abstain from Fumigations that do smell too strongly because that by assaulting the head they increase the pain If the Patient could go to that cost it were good to hang all the chamber where he lyeth and also the bed with thick or course linnen cloaths moistned in vineger and water of Roses Those linnen cloaths ought not to be very white but somewhat brown because much and great whiteness doth disperse the sight and by wasting the spirits doth increase the pain of the head for which cause also the chamber ought not to be very lightsome Contrariwise on the night season there ought to be fires and perfumes made which by their moderate light may moderately call forth the spirits The materials for sweet fires Sweet-fires may be made of little pieces of the wood of Juniper Broom Ash Tamarisk of the rind of Oranges Lemmons Cloves Benzoin Gum-Arabick Orris-roots Myrrh grosly beaten together and laid on the burning coals put into a chafing-dish Truly the breath or smoak of the wood or berries of Juniper is thought to drive serpents a great way from the place where it is burnt Lib. 16. cap. 13. The virtue of the Ash-tree against venom is so great as Pliny testifieth that a Serpent will not come under the shadow thereof no not in the morning nor evening when the shadow of any thing is most great and long but he will run from it I my self have proved that if a circle or compass be made with the boughs of an Ash-tree and a fire made in the midst thereof and a Serpent put within the compass of the boughs that the Serpent will rather run into the fire then through the Ash-boughs There is also another means to correct the Air. You may sprinkle Vinegar of the decoction of Rue Sage Rosemary Bay-berries Juniper-berries Ciprus-nuts and such like on stones or bricks red hot and put in a pot or pan that all the whole chamber where the Patient lyeth may be perfumed with the vapor thereof Perfumes Also Fumigations may be made of some matter that is more gross and clammy that by the force of the fire the fume may continue the longer as of Laudanum Myrrh Mastich Rosin Turpentine Stâ—rax Olibanum Benzoin Bay-berries Juniper-berries Cloves Sage Rosemary and Marjerom stamped together and such like Sweet candles Those that are rich and wealthy may have Candles and Fumes made of Wax or Tallow mixed with some sweet things A sponge macerated in Vineger of Roses and Water of the same and a little of the decoction of Cloves and of Camphire added thereto ought alwayes to be ready at the Patients hand that by often smelling unto it the animal spirits may be recreated and strengthned A sweet water to smell to The water following is very effectual for this matter Take of Orris four ounces of Zedoary Spikenard of each six drams of Storax Benzoin Cinnamon Nutmegs Cloves of each one ounce and half of old Treacle half an ounce bruise them into gross powder and macerate them for the space of twelve hours in four pound of white and strong wine then distil them in a Lembick of glass on hot ashes and in that liquor wet a sponge and then let it be tied in a linnen cloth or closed in a box and so often put into the nostrils Or take of the vinegar and water of Roses of each four ounces of Camphire six grains of Treacle half a dram let them be dissolved together and put into a vial of glass which the Patient may often put into his nose This Nodula following is more meet for this matter Take of Rose-leaves two pugils A Nodula to smell to of Orris half an ounce of Calamus aromaticus Cinnamon Cloves of each two drams of Storax and Benzoin of each one dram and a half of Cyprus half a dram beat them
to overcome the contagion After moderate walking the patient must be put warm to bed and covered with many cloaths and warm brick-bats or tiles applied to the soles of his feet or in stead thereof you may use Swines bladders filled with hot water and apply them to the groins and arm-holes to provoke sweat for sweating in this disease is a most excellent remedy both for to evacuate the humors in the fever and also to drive forth the malignity in the pestilence although every sweat brings not forth the fruit of health For George Agricola saith that he saw a woman at Misnia in Germany that did sweat so for the space of three daies that the blood came forth at her head and brest and yet nevertheless she died A sudorifick potion This potion following will provoke sweat Take the roots of China shaved in thin pieces one ounce and half of Guaicum two ounces of the bark of Tamarisk one ounce of Angelica-roots two drams of the shavings of Harts-horn one ounce of Juniper-berries three drams put them into a viol of glass that will contain six quarts put thereto four quarts of running or river-water that is pure and clear macerate them for the space of one whole night on the ashes and in the morning boil them all in Balneo Mariae untill the half be consumed which will be done in the space of six hours then let them be strained through a bag and then strained again but let that be with six ounces of sugar of Roses and a little Treacle let the patient take eight ounces or fewer of that liquor and it will provoke sweat The powder following is also very profitable Take of the leavs of Dictamnus A sudorifick powder the roots of Tormentil Betony of each half an ounce of Bole-Armenick prepared one ounce of Terra Sigillata three drams of Aloes and Myrrh of each half a dram of Saffron one dram of Mastich two drams powder them all according to art and give one dram thereof dissolved in rose-Rose-water or the water of wilde sorrel and let the patient walk so soon as he hath taken that powder then let him be laid in his bed to sweat as I have shewed before A distilled water against the Plague The water following is greatly commended against poyson Take the roots of Gentian and Cyperus of each three drams of Carduus Benedictus Burnet of each one handful of Sorrel seeds and Devils-bit of each two pugils of Ivy and Juniper-berries of each half an ounce of the flowers of Bugloss Violets and red-Roses of each two pugils powder them somewhat grosly then soak or steep them for a night in white wine and rose-Rose-water then add thereto of Bole-Armenick one ounce of Treacle half an ounce distill them all in Balneo Mariae and keep the distilled liquor in a viol of glass well covered or close stopped for your use let the patient take six ounces thereof with Sugar and a little Cinnamon and Saffron then let him walk and then sweat as is aforesaid the treacle and cordial-cordial-water formerly prescribed Another are very profitable for this purpose Also the water following is greatly commended Take of Sorrel six handfuls of Rue one handful dry them and macerate them in vinegar for the space of four and twenty hours adding thereto four ounces of Treacle make thereof a distillation in Balneo Mariae and let the distilled water be kept for your use What means to be used in sweating and so soon as the patient doth think himself to be infected let him take four ounces of that liquor then let him walk and sweat He must leave sweating when he beginneth to wax faint and weak or when the humor that runs down his body begins to wax cold then his body must be wiped with warm cloaths and dried The patient ought not to sweat with a full stomach for so the heat is called away from performing the office of concoction also he must not sleep when he is in his sweat lest the malignity go inwardly with the heat and spirits unto the principal parts but if the patient be much inclined to sleep he must be kept from it with hard rubbing and bands tied about the extreme parts of his body and with much noise of those that are about him and let his friends comfort him with the good hope that they have of his recovery but if all this will not keep him from sleep dissolve Castoreum in tart vinegar and aqua vitae and let it be injected into his nostrils and let him be kept continually waking the first day and on the second and third even unto the fourth that is to say unto the perfect expulsion of the venom and let him not sleep above three or four hours on a day and a night In the mean time leâ— the Physician that shall be present consider all things by his strength for it is to be feared that great watchings will dissolve the strength and make the patient weak you must not let him eat within three hours after his sweating in the mean season as his strength shall require let him take the rinde of a preserved Citron eonserve of Roses bread tosted and steeped in wine the meat of preserved Myrabolane or some such like thing CHAP. XXIII Of Epithemes to be used for the strengthening of the principal parts THere are also some topick medicines to be reckoned amongst Antidotes Whereof they must be made which must be outwardly applyed as speedily as may be as cordial and hepatick Epithems for the safety of the noble parts and strengthening of the faculties as those that drive the venenate air far from the bowels they may be made of cordial things not only hot but also cold that they may temper the heat and more powerfully repercuss They must be applied warm with scarlet or a double linnen cloth or a soft spunge dipped in them if so be that a Carbuncle do not possess the regions of the most noble parts Repercussives not fit to be applied to Carbuncles for it is not fit to use repercussives to a Carbuncle You may make Epithems after the following forms â„ž aquar ros plantag solan an â„¥ iv aquae acetos vini granat aceti an â„¥ iii. santal rub coral rub pulveris an Ê’ iii. theriac vet â„¥ ss camph. ℈ â—i croci ℈ i. carioph Ê’ ss misce fiat epithema Or else â„ž aqu ros plantag an â„¥ x. aceti ros â„¥ iv caryoph sant rub coral rub pulveris pul diamargarit frigid an Ê’ i ss camphurae moschi an ℈ i. fiat epithema Or â„ž aquar rosar melissae an â„¥ iv aceti ros â„¥ iii. sant rub Ê’ i. caryophil Ê’ ss croci ℈ ii camphurae ℈ i. boli arm terra sigil zedoar an Ê’i fiat epithema Or else â„ž aceti ros aquae rosat an lb. ss camphuraeÊ’ ss theriac mithridat an Ê’i fiat epithema Or else aqu rosar nenuph buglos acetosae
may be given Clysters that provoke sleep must be used which may be thus prepared Take of Barly-water half a pirate oil of Violets and water-Lillies of each two ounces of the water of Plantain and Purslain or rather of their juice three ounces of Camphire seven grains and the whites of three eggs make thereof a Clyster The head must be fomented with rose-Rose-vinegar the hair being first shaved away leaving a double cloth wet therein on the same and often renewed Sheeps-lungs taken warm out of the bodies may be applyed to the head as long as they are warm Cupping-glasses with and without scarification may be applied to the neck and shoulder-blades The arms and legs must be strongly bound being first well rubbed to divert the sharp vapors and humors from the head Frontals may also be made on this manner Take of the oil of Rose and water-Lillies of each two ounces of the oil of Poppy half an ounce of Opium one dram of rose-Rose-vinegar one ounce of Camphire half a dram mix them together Also Nodulaes may be made of the flowers of Poppies Henbane water-Lillies Mandrags beaten in rose-Rose-water with a little Vinegar and a little Camphire and let them be often applied to the nostrils for this purpose Cataplasms also may be laid to the forehead As Take of the mucilage of the seeds of Psilium id est Flea-wort and Quince-seeds extracted in rose-Rose-water three ounces of Barly-meal four ounces of the powder of Rose-leaves the flowers of water-Lillies and Violets of each half an ounce of the seeds of Poppies and purslain of each two ounces A Cataplasm of the water and vinegar of Roses of each ounces make thereof a Cataplasm and apply it warm to the head Or take of the juice of Lettuce of water-Lillies Henbane purslain of each half a pinte of Rose-leaves in powder the seeds of Poppy of each half an ounce oil of Roses three ounces of vinegar two ounces of Barlie-meal as much as shall suffice make thereof a Cataplasm in the form of a liquid Pultis When the heat of the head is mitigated by these medicines and the inflamtion of the brain asswaged we must come unto digesting and resolving fomentations which may disperse the matter of the vapours But commonly in pain of the head they do use to binde the forehead and hinder part of the head very strongly which in this case must be avoided CHAP. XXVII Of the heat of the Kidneyes THe heat of the kidnies tempered by anointing with unguent refrigerans Galeni newly made adding thereto the whites of eggs well beaten that so the ointment may keep moist the longer let this liniment be renewed every quarter of an hour wiping away the reliques â—â—â—e old Or â„ž aq ros lb. ss succi plant â„¥ iv alb ovorum iv olei rosacei nenuph. an â„¥ ii An ointment for the reins acetires â„¥ iii. misce ad usum When you have annointed the part lay thereon the leaves of water-Lillies or the like old herbs and then presently thereupon a double linnen cloth dipped in oxycrate and wrung out again and often changed the patient shall not lie upon a fether-bed but on a quilt stuffed with the chaff of Oats or upon a Mat with many doubted cloaths or Chamlet spread thereon An ointment for the heart To the region of the heart may in the mean time he applied a refrigerating and alexiterial medicine as this which followeth â„ž ung rosat â„¥ iii. olei nonupharini â„¥ i. acet ros aq ros an â„¥ i. theriacae Ê’i croci Ê’ ss Of these melted and mixed otgether make a soft ointment which spred upon a scarlet cloth maybe applied to the region of the heart Or â„ž theriaca opt Ê’i ss The noise of dropping water draws on sleep succi citri acidi limonis an â„¥ ss coral rub sem rosar rub an Ê’ss camphurae croci an grain iii. let them be all mixed together and make an ointment or liniment At the head of the patient as he lies in his bed shall be set an Ewer or cock with a basin under it to receive the water which by the dropping may resemble rain Let the soles of the feet and palms of the hands be gently scratched and the patient lie far from noise and so at length he may fall to some rest CHAP. XXVIII Of the Eruptions and Spots which commonly are called by the name of Purples and Tokens THe skin in pestilent Fevers The differences of the spots in the Plague is marked and variegated in divers places with spots like unto the bitings of Fleas or Gnats which are not alwaies simple but many times arise in form like unto a grain of miller The more spots appear the better it is for the patient they are of divers colours according to the virulencie of the malignity and condition of the matter as red yellow brown violet or purple blew and black Their several names and the reasons of them And because for the most part they are of a purple colour therefore we call them purples Others call them Lenticulae because they have the colour and form of Lentiles They are also called Papiliones i. Butterflies because they do suddenly seize or fall upon divers regions of the body like unto winged Butterflies somtimes the face sometimes the arms and legs and sometimes all the whole body oftentimes they do not only affect the upper part of the skin but go deeper into the flesh When signs of death specially when they proceed matter that is gross and adust They do sometimes appear great and broad affecting the whole arm leg or face like unto an Erysipelas to conclude they are divers according to the variety of the humor that offends in quantity or quality If they are of a purple or black colour with often swounding and sink in suddenly without any manifest cause they fore-shew death The cause of the breaking out of those Spots is the working or heat of the blood by reason of the cruelty of the venom receieed or admitted They often arise at the beginning of a pestilent Fever many times before the breaking out of the Sore or Botch or Carbuncle and many times after but then they shew so great a corruption of the humors in the bodie that neither the sores nor carbuncles will suffice to receive them and therefore they appear as fore-runners of death Somtimes they break out alone without a botch or carbuncle which if they be red and have no evil symptoms joyned with them they are not went to prove deadly they appear for the most part on the third or fourth day of the disease and sometimeslater and sometimes they appear not before the patient be dead because the working or heat of the humours being the off-spring of putrefaction is not as yet restrained and ceased Why they sometimes appear after the death of the patient Wherefore then principally the putrid heat which is greatest a little
garlick have not their heads troubled Garlick good against the Plague nor their inward parts inflamed as Country-People and such as are used to it to such there can be no more certain preservative and Antidote against the pestiferous fogs or mists and the nocturnal obscurity then to take it in the morning with a draught of good wine for it being abundantly diffused presently over all the body fills up the passages thereof and strengthneth it in a moment For water if the Plague proceed from the tainture of the Air we must wholly shun and avoid Rain-water What water to be made choice of in the plague-time because it cannot but be infected by the contagion of the Air. Wherefore the water of Springs and of the deepest Wells are thought best But if the malignity proceed from the vapors contained in the Earth you must make choice of Rain-water Yet it is more safe to digest every sort of water by boyling it and to prefer that water before other which is pure and clear to the sight and without either taste or smell and which besides suddenly takes the extremest mutation of heat and cold CHAP. VII Of the Cordial Remedies by which we may preserve our Bodies in fear of the Plague and cure those already infected therewith SUch as cannot eat without much labour exercise and hunger and who are no lovers of Break-fasts having evacuated their excrements before they go from home must strengthen the heart with some Antidote against the virulency of the infection Amongst which Aqua Theriacalis Aqua Theriacalis good against the Plague both inwardly taken and outwardly applied or Treacle-water two ounces with the like quantity of Sack is much commended being drunk and rubbing the Nostrils Mouth and Ears with the same for the Treacle-water strengthens the heart expells poyson and is not only good for a preservative but also to cure the disease it self For by sweat it drives forth the poyson contained within It should be made in June at which time all simple medicines by the vital heat of the Sun ate in their greatest efficacy The composition thereof The composition whereof is thus Take the roots of Gentian Ciperus Tormentil Diptam or Fraxella Elecampane of each one ounce the leaves of Mullet Carduus Benedictus Divels-bit Burnet Scabious Sheeps-sorrel of each half a handful of the tops of Rue a little quantity of Mittle-berries one ounce of red Rose-leaves the flowers of Bugloss Borage and S. Johns wott of each one ounce let them be all cleansed dried and maceâ—ated for the space of twenty-four hours in one pound of white wine or Malmsie and of Rose-water or Sorrel-water then let them be put in a vessel of glass and add thereto of Treacle and Mithridate of each four ounces then distill them in Balneo Mariae and let the distilled water be received in a Glass-Viol and let there be added thereto of Saffron two drams of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata yellow Sanders shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half an ounce then let the glass be well stopped and set in the Sun for the space of eight or ten dayes Let the prescribed quantity be taken every morning so oft as shall be needful It may be given without hurt to sucking children and to Women great with childe But that it may be the more pleasant it must be strained through an Hippocras-bag adding thereto some sugar and cinnamon Some think themselves sufficiently defended with a root of Elecampane Zedoary or Angelica rowled in their mouth or chawed between their teeth Others drink every morning one dram of the root of Gentian bruised being macerated for the space of one night in two ounces of white wine Others take Worm-wood-wine Others sup in a rare egg one dram of Terra Sigillata or of Harts-horn with a little Saffron and drink two ounces of wine after it There be some that do infuse Bole-Armenick the roots of Gentian Tormentil Diptam the berries af Juniper Cloves Mace Cinnamon Saffron and such like in aqua vitae and strong white wine and so distill it in Balneo Mariae This Cordial water that followeth is of great vertue A cordial water Take of the roots of the long and round Aristolechia Tormentil Diptam of each three drams of Zedoary two drams Lignum Aloes yellow Sanders of each one dram of the leaves of Scordium St. Johns-wort Sorrel Rue Sage of each half an ounce of Bay and Juniper-berries of each three drams Citron-feeds one Dram Cloves Macc Nutmegs of each two drams of Mastich Olibanum Bole-Armenick Terra Sitillata shavings of Harts horn and Ivory of each one ounce of Saffron one scruple of the Conserves of Roses Bugloss-flowers water-lillies and old Treacle of each one ounce of Champhire half a dram of aqua vitae half a pinte of white wine two pints and a half make thereof a dissillation in Balneo Mariae The use of this distilled water is even as Treacle water is The Eâ—ectuary following is very effectual Take of the best Treacle three ounces A Cordial Electuary Juniper-berries and Carduus-seeds of each one dram and a half of Bole-Armenick prepared half an ounce of the powder of the Electuary de Gemmis and Diamargariton frigidum the powder of Harts-horn and red Coral of each one dram mix them with the syrup of the rindes and juice of Pome-Citrons as much as shall suffice and make thereof a liquid Electuary in the form of an Opiate let them take every morning the quantity of a Filberd drinking after it two drams of the water of Scabious Cherries Carduus Benedictus and of some such like cordial thing or of strong wine The following Opiate is also very profitable which also may be made into tablets An Opiate Take of the roots of Angelica Gentian Zedoary Elecampane of two drams of Citron and Sorrel-seeds of each half a dram of the dried rindes of Citrons Cinnamon Bay and Juniper-berties and Saffron of each one scruple of conserve of Roses and Bugloss of each one ounce and fine hard Sugar as much as is sufficient make thereof Tablets of the weight of half a dram let him take one of them two hours before meat or make thereof a Opiate with equal parts of conserves of Bugloss and Mel Anthosatum and so adding all the rest drie and in powder Another Or take of the roots of Valerian Tormentil Diptam of the leaves of Rue of each half an ounce of saffron Mace Nutmegs of each half a dram of Bole-Armenick prepared halfe an ounce of conserve of Roses and syrup of Lemmons as much as will be sufficient to make thereof an Opiate liquid enough Another Or take of the roots of both the Aristolochiaes of Gentian Tormentil Diptam of each one dram and a half of Ginger three drams of the leaves of Rue Sage Mints and Penny-royal of each two drams of Bay and Juniper-berries Citron-seeds of each four scruples of Mace Nutmegs Cloves Cinnamon of
each two drams of Lignum aloes and yellow Sanders of each one dram of Male-Frankincense i. Olibanum Mastich shavings of Harts-Horn and Ivory of each two scruples of Saffron half a dram of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata red Coral Pearl of each one dram of conserves of Roses Bugloss-flowers water-lillies and old Treacle of each one ounce of Loaf-sugar one pound and a quarter a little before the end of the making it up add two drams of Confectio Alkermes and of Camphire dissolved in Rose water one scruple make thereof an Opiare according to Art the dose thereof is from half a dram to half a scruple Treacle and Mithridate faithfully compounded excell all Cordial medicines adding for every half ounce of them one ounce and an half of Conserves of Roses or of Bugloss or of Violets and three drams of Bole-Armenick prepared Of these being mixt with stirring and incorporated together make a conserve it must be taken in the morning the quantity of a Filberd You must â—huse that treacle that is not less then fower years old nor above twelve that which is somewhat â—ew is judged to be most meet for cholerick persons but that which is old for flegmatick and old men For at the beginning the strength of the Opium that enters into the composition thereof remains in its full vertue for a year but afterwards the more years old it waxeth the strength thereof is more abolished so that at length the whole composition becometh very hot The confection of Alkermes is very effectual both for a preservative against this disease and also for the cure The quantity of a Filberd of Rubard with one Clove chawed or rowled in the mouth is supposed to repell the coming of the pestilent Air as also this composition following A Confection to be taken in the morning against the pestilent Air. Take of preserved Citron and Orange pils of each one dram of conserve of Roses and of the roots of Bugloss of each three drams of Citron-seeds half an ounce of Annise-seeds and Fennel-seeds of each one dram of Angelica-Roots four scruples sugar of Roses as much as sufficeth Make a confection and cover it with leaves of Gold to take a little of it upon a spoon before you to abroad every morning Or take of Pine-apple-kernels and Fistick-nuts A March-pans infused for the space of six hours in the water of Scabions and Roses of each two ounces of Almonds blanched in the fore-named waters half a pound of preserved Citron and Orange pills of each one dram and an half of Angelica-roots four scruples make them according to art unto the form of March-pane or of any other such like confection and hold a little piece thereof often in your mouth The Tablets following are most effectual in such a case Take of the roots of Diptam Tormentil Valerian Elecampane Eringoes of each half a dram of Bole-Armenck Terra Sigillata of each one scruple of Camphire Cinnamon Sorrel-Seeds and Zedoary of each one scruple of the species of the electuary Diamargariton frigidum two scruples of conserve of Roses Bugloss preserved-Citton-pills Mithridate Treacle of each one dram of fine Sugar dissolved in Scabions and carduus-Carduus-water as much as shall suffice Make thereof Tablets of the weight of a dram or half a dram take them in the morning before you eat Pills of Ruffus The pills of Ruffus are accounted most effectual preservatives so that Ruffus himself saith that he never knew any to be infected that used them the composition of them is thus Take of the best Aloes half a dram of Gum-Ammoniacum two drams of Myrrh two drams and an half of Mastich two drams of Saffron seven grains put them all together and incorporate them with the juice of Citrons or the syrup of Limons and make thereof a mass and let it be kept in leather Let the patient take the weight of half a dram every morning two or three hours before meat and let him drink the water of Sorrel after it which through its tartness and the thinness of its parts doth infringe the force and power of the malignity or putrefaction For experience hath taught us that Sorrel being eaten or chawed in the mouth doth make the pricking of Scorpions unhurtful And for those ingredients which do enter into the composition of those pills Aloes doth clense and purge Myrrh resists putrefaction Mastich strengthens Saffron exhilerates and makes lively the spirits that govern the body especially the vital and animal Other pills Those pils that follow are also much approved Take of Aloes one ounce of Myrrh half an ounce of Saffron one scruple of Agarick in Trochisces two drams of Rubarb in powder one dram of Cinnamon two scruples of Mastich one dram and a half of Citron-seeds twelve grains powder them all as is requisite and make thereof a mass with the syrup of Maiden-hair let it be used as aforesaid If the mass begin to wax hard the pills that must presently be taken must be mollified with the syrup of Limons Other pills Take of washed Aloes two ounces of Saffron one dram of Myrrh half an ounce of Ammoniacum dissolved in white wine one ounce of hony of Roses Zedoary red Sanders of each one dram of Bole-Armenick prepared two drams of red coral half an ounce of Camphiâ—e half a scruple make thereof pills according to art But those that are subject or apt to the hoemorrhoids ought not at all or very seldom to use those kinds of pills that do receive much Aloes They say that King Mithridates affirmed by his own writing that whosoever took the quantity of an hasel-nut of the preservative following and drank a little wine after it should be free from poyson that day Take two Wall-nuts those that be very dry two Figs twenty leaves of Rue and three grains of Salt beat them and incorporate them together and let them be used as is aforesaid This remedy is also said to be profitable for those that are bitten or stung by some venomous beast and for this only because it hath Rue in the composition thereof But you must forbid women that are with childe the use of this medicine for Rue is hot and dry in the third degree and therefore it is said to purge the womb and provoke the flowers whereby the nourishment is drawn away from the childe Of such variety of medicines every one may make choice of that is most agreeable to his taste and as much thereof as shall be sufficient CHAP. VIII Of local medicines to be applyed outwardly THose medicines that have proper and excellent vertues against the pestilence are not to be neglected to be applyed outwardly or carryed in the hand And such are all aromatical astringent or spirituous things which therefore are endued with vertue to repel the venomous and pestiferous air from coming and entring into the body and to strengthen the heart and brain Of this kinde are Rue Balm Rosemary Scordium Sage Worm-wood Cloves Nut-megs
into a gross powder make thereof a Nodula between two pieces of Cambrick or Lawn of the bigness of an hand-ball then let it be moistned in eight ounces of rose-Rose-water and two ounces of rose-Rose-vinegar and let the patient smell to it often Those things must be varied according to the time For in the Summer you must use neither Musk nor Civet nor such like hot things and moreover women that are subject to fits of the Mother and those that have Fevers or the head-ach ought not to use those things that are so strong smelling and hot but you must make choice of things more gentle Therefore things that are made with a little Camphire and Cloves bruised and macerated together in rose-Rose-water and vineger of Roses shall be sufficient CHAP. XX. What Diet ought to be observed and first of the choice of Meat THe order of Diet in a pestilent disease ought to be cooling and drying not slender Why such as have the plague may feed more fully but somewhat full because by this kind of disease there cometh wasting of the spirits and exsolution of the faculties which inferreth often swounding therefore that loss must be repaired as soon as may be with more quantity of meats that are of easie concoction and digestion Therefore I never saw any being infected with the pestilence that kept a slender diet that recovered his health but died and few that had a good stomach and fed well died Sweet gross moist and clammy meats and those which are altogether and exquisitely of subtil parts are to be avoided for the sweet do easily take fire and are soon inflamed the moist will putrefie the gross and clammy obstruct and therefore engender putrefaction those meats that are of subtil parts over-much attenuate the humors and inflame them and do stir up hot and sharp vapours into the brain whereof cometh a Fever Therefore we must eschew Garlick and Onions Mustard salted and spiced Meats and all kinde of pulse must also be avoided Pulse must be shunned because they engender gross windes which are the authors of obstruction but the decoction of them is not alwaies to be refused because it is a provoker of urine Therefore let this be their order of diet The manner of Diet. let their bread be of Wheat or Barly well wrought well leavened and salted neither too new nor too stale let them be fed with such meat as may be easily concocted and digested and may engender much laudable juice and very little excremental as are the flesh of Wether-Lambs Kâ—â—s Leverets Pullets Partridges Pigeons Thrushes Larkes Quails Black-Birds Turtle-Doves Moor-Hens Phesants and such like avoiding water-Fowls Let the flesh be moistned in Ver-juice of unripe Grapes Vinegar or the juice of Lemmons Oranges Citrons tart-Pomgranats Barberies Goose-berries or red Currance or of garden and wilde-sorrel for all these sowr things are very wholsome in this kinde of disease for they do stir up the apetite resist the venomous quality and putrefaction of the humors restrain the heat of the Fever and prohibit the corruption of the meats in the stomach Although those that have a more weak stomâ—ch and are endued with a more exact sense and are subject to the Cough and diseases of the Lungs must not use these unless they be mixed with Sugar and Cinnamon If the patient at any time be fed with sodden meats let the brothes be made with Lettuce Purslain Succory Borage Sorrel Hops Bugloss Cresses Burnet Marigolds Chervil the cooling Seeds French-Barly and Oat-meal with a little Saffron for Saffron doth engender many spirits and resisteth poyson To these opening roots may be added to avoid obstruction yet much broth must be refused by reason of moisture The fruit of Capers eaten at the beginning of the Meal provoke the appetite and prohibit obstructions but they ought not to be seasoned with overmuch oil and salt that they may also with good success be put into broths Fishes are altogether to be avoided because they soon corrupt in the Stomach but if the patient be delighted with them those that live in stony places must be chosen that is to say those that live in pure and sandy water and about rocks and stones as are Trouts Pikes Pearches Gudgeons and Crevices boiled in milk Wilks and such like And concerning Sea fish he may be fed with Giltheads Gurnarts with all the kindes of Cod-fish Whitings not seasoned with salt and Turbuts Eggs potched and eaten with the juice of Sorrel are very good Likewise Barly-water seasoned with the grains of a tart Pomgranate and if the fever be vehement with the seeds of white Poppy Such barly-water is easie to be concocted and digested it cleanseth greatly and moistens and mollifieth the belly But in some it procures an appetite to vomit and pain of the head and those must abstain from it But in stead of Barly-water they may use pap and bread crummed in the decoction of a Capon For the second course let him have raisins of the Sun newly sodden in Rose-water with Sugar For the second course sowr Damask-Prunes tart Cherries Pippins and Katharine-Pears And in the later end of the Meal Quinces rosted in the Embers Marmalate of Quinces In the end of the Meal and conserves of Bugloss or of Roses and such like may be taken or else this powder following Take of Coriander-seeds prepared two drams of Pearl of Rose-leaves shavings of Harts-Horn and Ivory of each half a dram of Amber two scruples of Cinnamon one scruple of Unicorns horn and the bone is a Staggs heart of each half a scruple of Sugar of Roses four ounces make thereof a powder and use it after meats If the patient be somewhat weak he must be fed with Gelly made of the flesh of a Capon and Veal sodden together in the water of Soâ—â—el Carduus Benedictus with a little quantity of rose-Rose-vinegar Cinnamon Sugar and other such like as the present necessity shall seem to require In the night season for all events and mischances the patient must have ready prepared broth of meats of good digestion with a little of the juice of Citrons or Pomgranats A restaurative drink This restaurative that followeth may serve for all Take of the conserve of Bugloss Borage Violets Water-lillies and Succory of each two ounces of the powder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum of the Trochiâ—es of Camphire of each three drams of Citron-seeds Carduus-seeds Soâ—â—el-seeds the roots of Dictamnus Tormentil of each two drams of the broth of a young Capon made with Lettuce Purslain Bugloss and Borage boyled in it six pints put them in a Limbeck of glass with the flesh of two Pullets of so many Parthridges and with fifteen leaves of pure Gold make thereof a distillation over a soft fire Then take of the distilled liquor half a pinte strain it through a woollen bag with two ounces of white Sugar and half a dram of Cinnamon let the patient use this when he
is thirsty Or else put the flesh of one old Capon and of a leg of Veal two minced Partridges and two drams of whole Cinnamon without any liquor in a Limbeck of glass well lated and covered and so let them boil in Balneo Mariae unto the perfect conâ—oction For so the fleshes will be boiled in their own juice without any hurt of the fire then â—et the juice be pressed out there-hence with a Press give the patient for every dose one ounce of the juice with some cordial waters some Trisantalum and Diamargaritum frigidum The preserves of sweet fruits are to be avoided because that sweet things turn into choler but the confection of tart prunes Cherries and such like may be fitly used But because there is no kinde of sickness that so weakens the strength as the plague it is alwaies necessary but yet sparingly and often to feed the patient still having respect unto his custom age the region and the time for through emptiness there is no great danger lest that the venomous matter that is driven out to the superficiall parts of the body should be called back into the inward parts by an hungry stomach and the stomach it self should be filled with cholerick hot thin and sharp excremental humors whereof cometh biting of the stomach and gripings in the guts CHAP. VII What drink the patient infected ought to use IF the fever be great and burning the patient must abstain from wine unless that he be subject to swounding and he may drink the Oxymel following in stead thereof An Oxymel Take of fair water three quarts wherein boil four ounces of hony until the third part be consumed scumming it continually then strain it and put it into a clean vessel and add thereto four ounces of vinegar and as much cinnamon as will suffice to give it a tast Or else a sugred water as followeth Take two quarts of fair water of hard sugar six ounces of Cinnamon two ounces strain it through a woollen bag or cloth without any boiling and when the patient will use it put thereto a little of the juice of Citrons The syrup of the juice of Citrons excelleth amongst all others that are used against the pestilence A Julip The use of the Julip following is also very wholsome Take of the juice of Sorrel well clarified half a pinte of the juice of Lettuce so clarified four ounces of the best hard sugar one pound boil them together to a perfection then let them be strained and clarified adding a little before the end a little vinegar and so let it be used between meals with boiled water or with equal portions of the water of Sorrel Lettuce Scabious and Bugloss or take of this former described Julip strained and clarified four ounces let it be mixed with one pound of the fore-named cordial waters and boil them together a little And when they are taken from the fire put thereto of yellow Sanders one dram of beaten Cinnamon half a dram strain it through a cloth when it is cold let it be given the patient to drink with the juice of Citrons Those that have been accustomed to drink sider perry bear or ale ought to use that drink still so that it be clear transparent and thin and made of those fruits that are somewhat tart for troubled and dreggish drink doth not only engender gross humors but also crudities windiness and obstructions of the first region of the body whereof comes a fever The commodities of oxycrate Oxycrate being given in manner following doth asswage the heat of the fever and repress the putrefaction of the humors and the fierceness of the venom and also expelleth the water through the veins if so be that the patients are not troubled with spitting of blood cough yexing and altogether weak of stomach To whom hurtfull for such must avoid tart things Take of fair water one quart of white or red vinegar three ounces of fine sugar four ounces of syrup of Roses two ounces boil them a little and then give rhe patient thereof to drink Or take of the juice of Limmons and Citrons of each half an ounce of the juice of sowr Pomgranats two ounces of the water of Sorrel and Roses of each an ounce of fair water boiled as much as shall suffice make thereof a Julip and use it between meals Or take the syrup of Limmons and of red currans of each one ounce of the water of Lillies four ounces of fair water boyled half a pinte make thereof a Julip Or take of the syrups of water-Lillies and vinegar of each half an ounce dissolve it in five ounces of the water of Sorrel of fair water one pinte make thereof a Julip But if the patient be young and have a strong and good stomach and cholerick by nature The drinking of cold water whom and when profitable I think it not unmeet for him to drink a full and large draught of fountain-water for that is effectual to restrain and quench the heat of the Fever and contrariwise they that drink cold water often and a very small quantity at a time as the Smith doth sprinkle water on the fire at his Forge do increase the heat and burning and thereby make it endure the longer Therefore by the judgment of Celsus when the disease is in the chief increase and the patient hath endured thirst for the space of three or four daies cold water must be given unto him in great quantity so that he may drink past his satiety that when his belly and stomach are filled beyond measure Lib. 3. cap. 7. and sufficiently cooled he may vomit Some do not drink so much thereof as may cause them to vomit but do drink even unto satiety and so use it for a cooling medicine but when either of these is done the patient must be covered with many cloaths and so placed that he may sleep and for the most part after long thirst and watching and after long fulness and long and great heat sound sleep cometh by which great sweat is sent out and that is a present help But thirst must sometimes be quenched with little pieces of Melons Gourds Cucumbers with the leaves of Lettuce Sorrel and Purslain made moist or soaked in cold water or with a little square piece of a Citron Limmon or Orange macerated in Rose-water and sprinkled with Sugar and so held in the mouth and then changed But if the patient be aged his strength weak flegmatick by nature and given to wine when the state of the Fever is somewhat past and the chief heat beginning to asswage he may drink wine very much allayed at his meat for to restore his strength and to supply the want of the wâ—â—â—ed spirits The patient ought not by any means to suffer great thirst but must mitigate it by drinking or else allay it by washing his mouth with oxycrate and such like and he may therein also wâ—sh his hands and his
his belly and make him to sweat Truly those that are wounded or bit with venomous beasts If they bind broom above the wound it will prohibit or hinder the venom from dispersing it self or going any further therefore a drink made thereof will prohibit the venom from going any nearer the heart Some take of the root of Elecampane Gentian Tormentil Kermes-berries and broom of the powder of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half a dram they do bruise and beat all these and infuse them for the space of four and twenty hours in white wine and aqua vitae on the warm embers and then strain it and give the patient three or four ounces thereof to drink this provokes sweat and infringeth the power of the poysons and the potion following hath the same virtue Take good Mustard half an ounce of Treacle or Mithridate the weight of a bean A Potion dissolve them in white wine and a little aqua vitae and let the patient drink it and sweat thereon with walking You may also roast a great Onion made hollow and filled with half a dram of Treacle and vinegar under the embers and then strain it and mix the juice that is pressed out of it with the water of Sorrel Carduus Benedictus or any other cordial thing and with strong wine and give the paticet to drink thereof to provoke sweat to repel the malignity Or else take as much Garlick as the quantity of a Nut of Rue and celandine of each twenty leaves bruise them all in white wine and a little aqua vitae then strain it and give the patient thereofto drink There besome that do drink the juice that is pressed out of Celandine and Mallows with three ounces of Vinegar and half an ounce of the oil of Wall-nuts and then by much walking do unburthen their stomach and belly upwards end downwards and so are helped When the venomous air hath already crept into and infected the humors one dram of the dried leaves of the Bay-tree macerated for the space of two dayes in Vinegar and drunk is thought to be a most soveraign medicine to provoke sweat loosnes of the belly and vomiting Matthiolus in his Treatise de Morbo gallico writeth that the powder of Mercury ministred unto the patient with the juice of Carduus Benedictus or with the Electuary de Gemmis will drive away the pestilence before it be confirmed in the body by provoking vomit loosness of the belly and seat one dram of Calcauchum of white Copperas dissolved in rose-Rose-water performeth the like effect in the same disease Some do give the patient a little quantity of the oil of Scorpions with white wine to expel the the poyson by vomit and therewithall they annoint the region of the heart the breast and the wrists of the hands I think these very meet to be used often in bodies that are strong and well exercised because weaker medicines do evacuate little or nothing at all but only move the humors whereby cometh a Fever When a sufficient quantity of the malignity is evacuated then you must minister things that may strengthen the belly and stomach and with-hold the agitation or working of the humors and such is the confection of Alkermes CHAP. XXVI Of many Symptoms which happen together with the Plague and first of the pain of the head The cause of phrensie in the Plague IF the malignity be carried into the brain and nature be not able to expel it it inflames not only it but also the menbranes that cover it which inflamation doth one while hurt trouble or abolish the imagination another while the judgment and sometimes the memory according to the situation of the inflamation whether it be in the former or hinder or middle part of the head but hereof cometh alwaies a Phrensie with fiery redness of the eies and face and heaviness and burning of the whole head If this will not be amended with Clysters and with opening the Cephalick vein in the arm the arteries of the Temples must be opened taking so much blood out of them The benefit of opening an artery as the greatness of the Symptoms and the strength of the patient shall require and permit Truly the incision that is made in opening an arterie will close and joyn together as readily and with as little difficulty as the incision of the vein And of such an incision of an artery cometh present help by reason that tensive and sharp vapours do plentifully breath out together with the arterious blood It were also very good to provoke a flux of blood at the nose Aph. 10. sect 6. if nature be apt to exonerate her self that way For as Hippocrates saith when the head is grieved or generally aketh if matter water or blood flow out at the nostrils mouth or ears it presently cures the disease Such bleeding is to be provoked by strong blowing or striving to cleanse the nose by scratching or pricking of the inner side of the nostrils by pricking with an hors hair and long holding down of the head An history The Lord of Fontains a Knight of the Order when we were at Bayon had a bleeding at the nose which came naturally for the space of two dayes and thereby be was freed of a pestilent Fever which he had before a great sweat arising there-withall and shortly after his Carbuncles came to suppuration To stay bleeding and by Gods grace he recovered his health being under my cure If the blood do flow out and cannot be stopped when it ought the hands arms and legs must be tied with hands and sponges wet in Oxycrate must be put under the arm-holes cupping glasses must be applied unto the dugs the region of the Liver and Spleen and you must put into the nostrils the doun of the willow-tree or any other astringent medicine incorporated with the hairs plucks from he flank belly or throat of an Hare Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata the juice of Plantaine and Knot-grass mixed together and furthermore the patient must be placed or laied in a cool place But if the patient be nothing mitigated notwithstanding all these fluxes of blood we must come to medicines that procure sleep whose forms are these Medicines to procure sleep Take of green Lettuce one handful flowers of water-Lillies and Violets of each two pugils one head of white-Poppy bruised of the four cold seeds of each two drams of Liquorice and Raisins of each one dram make thereof a decoction and in the straining dissolve one ounce and a half of Diacodium make thereof a large potion to be given when they go to rest Also Barly-cream may be prepared in the water of water-Lillies and of Sorrel of each two ounces adding thereto six or eight grains of Opium of the four cold seeds and of white-Poppy seeds of each half an ounce and let the same be boiled in broth with Lettuce and Purslain also the pils de Cynoglesso i. e. Hounds-tongue
this kind of Vlcers Remedies against the deformity of â—ears as red livid black swoln rough by reason of the great adustion imprinted in the part as by a buâ—ning cole therefore I have thought good here to set down some means by which this deformity may be corrected or amended If the scar be too big or high it shall be plâ—ined by making convenient ligation and strait binding to the part a plate of lead rubbed over with quick-silver but you may whiten it by annointing it with Lime nine times washed that so it may be more gentle and lose the acrimony and incorporated with oil of Roses Some take two pound of Tartar or Argol burn it and then powder it put it in a cloth and so let it hang in a moist Vault or Cellar and set a vessel under it to receive the dropping of liquor which is good to be rubbed for a good space upon the scar The same faculty is thought to be in that moisture of eggs which sweats through the shell whilst they are rosted at the coles as also unguentum citrinum Ointments to at enuate and take away scars and Emplast de cerussâ newly made The three following compositions are much approved â„ž Axungiae suillae nonies lotae in aceto acerrìmo â„¥ iv cinab succi citri alum usti an â„¥ ss sulphur vivi ignem haud experti Ê’ii camph. ℈ ii fiat pulvis then let them all be incorporated together and make an ointment it attenuates the skin and cleanseth spots â„ž olei hyos olei semin cucurb an â„¥ i. olei tartar â„¥ ss cerae alb Ê’iii liquefiant simul lento igne deinde adde spermat cetiÊ’vi removeantur praedicta ab igue donec infrigid postea adde troch alb Rhasis pul Ê’iii camph. Ê’i tandem cum mali citri succo omnia dilâ—gent commisce fiat linimentum Or else â„ž rad serpent â„¥ i. bulliat in aquâ com lbi ad dimid deide adde sulph vivi ignem non experti et alum crudi pulveris an Ê’iss colent praedict addatur caph Ê’ i. succi bycscyamiÊ’iss Let this medicine be kept in a lead or glass vessel and when you would use it dip linnen cloths therein and lay them to the part You may also use these medicines against the redness of the face and you may fetch them off in the morning by washing the face with warm water and bran CHAP. XXXVI Of sundry kinds of Evacuations and first of Sweating and Vomiting THe pestilent malignity is not only evacuated and sent forth by the eruption of pustles and spots but also by sweat vomit bleeding at nose at the haemorrhoids by the courses Why the pestilent malignity is not carried away by one way but by many a flux of the belly and other ways so that nature by every kind of excretion may be freed from the deadly poison especially that which is not as yet arrived at the heart But chief regard must be had to the inclination of nature and we must attend what way it chiefly aims at and what kind of excretion it affects Yet such evacuations are not always critical We must have chief regard to the motion of nature Signs of future sweat but usually symptomatical for that oft-times nature is so irritated by the untamable malignity of the matter that it can no way digest it but is forced by any means to send it away crude as it is Wherefore if nature may seem by the moistness of the skin the suppression of urine and other signs to affect a crisis and excretion by sweat you then shall procure it by the formerly mentioned means It is delivered by the Antients that all sweats in acute diseases are salutary which happen upon a critical day which are universal and hot and signified before the critical day But in this rapid and deadly disease of the Plague we must not expect a Crisis but as soon as we can A Crisis must not be expected in the Plague and by what means we may to free nature from so dire and potent an enemy But oft-times the tough and gross excrementitious humors may be purged by vomit which could not be evacuated by strong purges Therefore also by this manner of excretion may we hope for the exclusion of the pestilent venom if there be nothing which may hinder and nature by frequent nauseousness may seem to affect this way the endeavour thereof shall be helped by giving some half a pint of warm water to be drunk with four ounces of common oil an ounce of vinegar and a little juice of raddish after the taking of the potion How to procure vomit it is fit to thrust into the throat a Goose-quil dipped in the same oil or else a branch of Rosemary or else by thrusting in the fingers so to procure vomit also a portion of eight ounces of the mucilaginous water of the decoction of Line-seeds will procure vomit Or else â„ž rad raph in taleol sect vel sem ejus sem artriplicis an Ê’ iii. bulliant in aquae com quod sufficit pro dosi in colaturà dissolve oxym syr acet an â„¥ ss exhibeatur potio larga tepida Or else â„ž oxym Gal. â„¥ vi ol com â„¥ ii paretur potio tepid But nature must not be forct unless of its own accord it undertake this motion Why vomit must not be forced for forced and violent vomiting distends the nervous fibres of the ventricle dejects the strength breaks the vessels of the lungs whence proceeds a deadly spitting of blood Wherefore if the stomach shall trouble itself with a vain and hurtful desire to vomit it shall rather be strengthened with bags of Roses Worm-wood and Sanders using inwardly the juice of Quinces and Berberies and broths made for the same purpose CHAP. XXXVII Of Spitting Salivation Belching Hicketting and making of Water THat long evacuations may be made by Spitting and Salivation The effect of spitting in pestilent diseases you may learn by the example of such as have a plurifie for the matter of the plurifie being turned into pus the purulent matter suckt up by the rare and spongeous substance of the lungs thence drawn into the aspera arteria is lastly cast out by the mouth There is none ignorant how much such as have the Lues Venerea are helped by Salivation and Spitting But these shall be procured by a Masticatory of the roots of Ireos The force of Salivation Pellitory of Spain Mastich and the like the mucilage of Line-seeds held in the mouth will work the same effect That such as have a moist brain may expel their superfluous humors by sneesing and blowing their noses the brain by the strength of the expulsive faculty The force of Sneesing being stirred up to the exclusion of that which is harmful may be known by the example of old people and children which are daily purged by their noses the brain is stirred up to both kindes of
lb. ii cer lb. ss terebinth gum De Althaea heder galb an â„¥ i. coloph. et resin â„¥ iii. The roots and seeds being bruised are infused for three daies in five pints of water boil them until three ounces be consumed and then draw forth the Mucilage and boil it with the Oil then add Wax cut small these being taken from the fire the Galbanum being dissolved with Vineger and mingled with the Turpentine must be added together with the Gum Hederae Colophony and Rosin â„ž Ocul populi arb lb. i ss fol. papaveris nigr Mandrag hyoscyami lactucae sempervivi parvi et magni Ung. Populeumâ— violae nigrae solani umbilici Veneris seu cymbalar bardanae an â„¥ ss Cordus Fernelius et Nicolaus singulorum â„¥ iii. praescribunt Adipis suilli recentis salis expertis lb. ii vini boni lb i. fiat Vnguentum The Popular buds and Violet leaves must be bruised and macerated in the Axungia for the space of two months that is until the rest of the herbs be ready for they cannot be gathered before the Summer time but the poplar buds and Violets may be had in March They must be bruised and mingled very well and set in a warm place for eight daies then add one pint of strong Vinegar and boil them till it be consumed which may be perceived by casting a little of it into the fire then strain it forth and put up the ointment â„ž Tereb cer alb res an Ê’xiv Opopanacis Ung. Apostolorum floris seu viridis aeris nam hic flos aeris non propriè accipitur pro granulis quae scintillarum instar ab aere exiliunt dum a fabris ferrariis aqua tingitur sed pro viridi aeris usurpatur cujus contra maligna ulcera notae sunt vires contra quae omnino id Vnguentum est comparatum an Ê’ii ammon â„¥ xiv aristol lon thuris masculian Ê’ vi myrrhae et galbani anÊ’iii bdellii Ê’ vi Lytharg Ê’ ix olei lb ii fiat unguentum The Litharge is to be mingled with two ounces of Oil for the space of five hours and with a gentle fiâ—e to be boiled untill it come to the consistence of hony and be alwaies stirring lest it burn being taken from the fire and warm the Wax and the Rosin being dissolved with the rest of the oil must be added Then put to it when it is cooling the Gums dissolved in Vinegar boiled and incorporated with the Turpentine Then the Aristilochia Myrrh and Frankincense are to be mingled and last of all the Verdigrease being in fine powder and sprinckled in and so the unguent is made â„ž Cortic. median castan cortic median quere cortic median gland myrtil eques cortic fabar Comitissa acinor uvar sorbor siccor immatur mespillor immaturor â—ad chelidon folior prunor sylvest an â„¥ i ss Aquae plantaginis lb viii cer nov â„¥ viii ss olei myrtillor lb ii ss Then these things which follow being finely powdred are to be sprinkled in â„ž Pulveris corticis mediani castan corticis mediani gland cortic median arb gland id est querc gallar an â„¥ i. Cinâ—ris oss cruris bovis myrtill acinor uvar. sorbor siccor an â„¥ ss Trochiscorum de carabe â„¥ ii fiat Vnguentum First make a decoctâ—on corticis mediani arboris quercús acini uvar. rad chelid mespil forbor equis seminis myrtil folior pruni sylvestris cort fabar cortic mediani gland cortic castan gallar in the Plantain water for the space of two hours then strain it and divide the liquor into nine parts washing the Wax dissolved with the oil of Myrtils seven times the liquor being all spent and the Wax and oil being melted then insperge the powders Cruris bovis assium cortic median quire median cortic gland castan gallar â—orbâ—r mespil semâ—num myrtil acinor uvar. and at the last the Trochisces carab after this manner shall you make this Ointment â„ž Olei absinth mastich de spic rosat an â„¥ ss pulver absinth ros major menth an Ê’i Ung pro stomacho Caryoph cinam mastich galang an Ê’i Powder those things which are to be powdred and with a sufficient quantity of Wax make a soft ointment wherewith let the stomach be annointed one hour before meals continually â„ž Cer. alb lb ii cerus litharg auri an lb. i. myrrh medul cervi an â„¥ ii thuris â„¥ i. olei lb. ss Ung. ad morsâ—â— rabiosos ex li. 1. Gal. de comp sec genera Boil the Litharge in the oil to a mean consistence then add to the wax and Ceruss and when it will not stick to the fingers take it from the fire and put in the Medulla when it beginneth to cool the Myrrha and Thus being finely powdred must be cast in by little and little and the ointment may be put up for use The chops of the fundament and emâ—llient Pessaries are likewise made of it and it is very good against the bitings of mad Dogs and the punctures of nerves and tendons keeping wounds so thâ—t they do not agglutinate â„ž Picis pinguis lb. i. Opopanacis in aceto forti oleo liliorum veteri porci axungia cocti 3. De camp med sec gen â„¥ iii. fiat Vnguentum Oleum ex sinapi is good against those bitings of mad beasts and punctized nerves for it doth open wounds when they are cicatrized Ointments are used to overcome the contumacy of a stubborn evill by their firm and close sticking to especially if there shall need no medicine to go further into the body CHAP. XXVII Of Cerats and Emplasters What a Cerat is SUch affinity there is in the composition of a Cerat and Emplaster that oftentime the one is taken for the other as is usually done in Ointments and Liniments A Cerat is a composition more solid and hard then an ointment The diff rences and softer then a plaster having his name from Wax which taking away the fluidness of the oil bringeth him to his consistence The differences of Cerats are taken some from the parts by which they are called as Ceratum stâ—machicum some from the effects as Ceratum refrigerans Galeni Others from the simple medicaments which are the chief in the composition as Ceratum Santalinum The proper matter of Cerats is new Wax and Oils being appropriated to the grief of these or those parts so that Liniments and Ointments do scarce differ from Cerats if they admit of Wax for if ointment of Roses should have Wax added to it it were no longer an Ointment but a Cerat Cerats which are made with Rosins Gums and Metals do rather deserve the names of Emplasters then Cerats And therefore Ceratum ad Hernias we commonly call Emplastrum contra Rupturam If that pain or inflammation do grieve any part we make Cerats of plaster dissolved with Oil lest that the more hard and heavy consistence of the Emplaster should be troublesome to the part and hinder perspiration and
there appear any signs of concoction in the excrements the Crisis must be expected on the seventh day and that either by a loosness of the belly or an abundance of urin by vomits sweats or bleeding Therefore we must then do nothing but commit the whole business to Nature When drinking of water is to be permitted in a putrid Synochus But for drinking cold water which is so much commended by Galen in this kind of Feaver it is not to be suffered before there appear signs of concoction moreover in the declining of the disease the use of Wine will not be unprofitable to help forwards sweats CHAP. XII Of an Erysipelas or Inflammation HAving declared the cure of a Phlegmon caused by laudable bloud we must now treat of those Tumors which acknowledg Choler the material cause of their generation by reason of that affinity which intercedes between Choler and Bloud The definition of an Erysipelas Therefore the Tumors caused by natural Choler are called Erysipelata or Inflammations these contain a great heat in them which chiefly possesses the skin as also oftentimes some portion of the flesh lying under it For they are made by most thin and subtle bloud which upon any occasion of inflammation easily becomes Cholerick or by bloud and choler hotter than is requisite and sometimes of choler mixed with an acrid serous humor That which is made by sincere and pure choler is called by Galen a true and perfect Erysipelas Gal. cap. 2. lib. 14. Meth. med 2. ad Glau. But there arise three differences of Erysipelas by the admixture of choler with the three other kinds of humors For if it being predominant be mixed with bloud it shall be termed Erysipelas Phlegmonades if with Phlegm Erysipelas oedematodes if with Melancholy Erysipelas Scirrhodes So that the former and substantive-word shews the humor bearing dominion but the latter or adjective that which is inferior in mixture But if they concurr in equal quantity there will be thereupon made Erysipelas Phlegmone Erysipelas oedema Erysipelas scirrhus Galen acknowledges two kinds of Erysipelas one simple and without an ulcer Two kinds of Erysipelas the other ulcerated For choler drawn and severed from the warmness of the bloud running by its subtilty and acrimony unto the skin ulcerates it but restrained by the gentle heat of the bloud as a bridle it is hindered from piercing to the top of the skin and makes a tumor without an ulcer But of unnatural choler are caused many other kinds of cholerick tumors as the Herpes exedens and miliaris and lastly all sorts of tumors which come between the Herpes and Cancer You may know Erysipelas chiefly by three signs as by their colour which is a yellowish red by their quick sliding back into the body at the least compression of the skin the cause of which is the subtlety of the humor and the outward site of it under the skin whereupon by some Erysipelas is called a disease of the skin lastly by the number of the Symptoms as heat pulsation pain The heat of an Erysipelas is far greater than that of a Phlegmon but the pulsation is much less for as the heat of the bloud is not so great as that of choler so it far exceeds choler in quantity and thickness which may cause compression and obstruction of the adjacent muscle Gal. lib. 2. ad Glauc For Choler easily dissipable by reason of its subtlety quickly vanishes neither doth it suffer it self to be long contained in the empty spaces between the muscles Hip. Apho. 79. Sect. 7. Aph. 25. Sect. 16. Aph. 43. Sect. 3. neither doth an Erysipelas agree with a Phlegmon in the propriety of the pain For that of an Erysipelas is pricking and biting without tension or heaviness yet the primitive antecedent and conjunct causes are alike of both the tumors Although an Erysipelas may be incident to all parts yet principally it assails the face by reason of the rarity of the skin of that place and the lightness of the cholerick humor flying upwards It is ill when an Erysipelas comes upon a wound or ulcer and although it may come to suppuration yet it is not good for it shews that there is obstruction by the admixture of a gross humor whence there is some danger of erosion in the parts next under the skin It is good when Erysipelas comes from within outwards but ill when from without it retires inward But if an Erysipelas possess the womb it is deadly and in like manner if it spread too far over the face by reason of the sympathy of the membranes of the Brain CHAP. XIII Of the cure of an Erysipelas FOr the cure of an Erysipelas we must procure two things to wit evacuation and refrigeration But because here is more need of cooling than in a Phlegmon Gal. 14. Meth. the chief scope must be for refrigeration Which being done the contained matter must be taken away and evacuated with moderately resolving medicines Four things to be performed in curing an Erysipelas We must do four things to attain unto these fore-mentioned ends First of all we must appoint a convenient manner of Diet in the use of the six things not natural that is we must incrassate refrigerate and moisten as much as the nature of the disease and patient will suffer much more than in a Phlegmon then we will evacuate the Antecedent matter by opening a vein and by medicines purging choler and that by cutting the Cephalick vein if there be a portion of the bloud mixed with Choler if the Erysipelas possess the face and if it be spread much over it But if it shall invade another part although it shall proceed of pure choler In what Erysipelas it is convenient to let bloud in what not Phlebotomy will not be so necessary because the bloud which is as a bridle to the Choler being taken away there may be danger lest it become more fierce yet if the body be plethorick it will be expedient to let bloud because this as Galen teacheth is oft-times the cause of an Erysipelas It will be expedient to give a Clyster of refrigerating and humecting things before you open a vein but it belongs to a learned and prudent Physitian to prescribe medicines purging choler What topick medicines are fit to be used in the beginning of an Erysipelas The third care must be taken for Topick or local medicines which in the beginning and encrease must be cold and moist without any either dryness or astriction because the more acrid matter by use of astringent things being driven in would ulcerate and fret the adjacent particle Galen and Avicen much commend this kind of remedy Take fair water â„¥ vi of the sharpest Vinegar â„¥ i make an Oxycrate in which you may wet linnen clothes and apply to the affected part and the circumjacent places and renew them often Or â„ž Succi solani plantag sempervivi an â„¥ ij aceti
Iron so thrust into a Trunk or Pipe with an hole in it that so no sound part of the mouth may be offended therewith A hollow Trunk with a hole in the side with the hot Iron inserted or put therein CHAP. VIII Of the Angina or Squinzy What it is THe Squinancy or Squincy is a Swelling of the jaws which hinders the entring of the ambient air into the Weazon and the vapours and the spirit from passage forth and the meat also from being swallowed The differences There are three differences thereof The first torments the Patient with great pain no swelling being outwardly apparent by reason the Morbisick humor lyes hid behind the Almonds or Glandules at the Vertebrae of the Neck The first kind so that it cannot be perceived unless you hold down the Tongue with a Spatula or the Speculum oris for so you may see the redness and tumor there lying hid The Symptoms The Patient cannot draw his breath nor swallow down meat nor drink his tongue like a Gray-hound's after a course hangs out of his mouth and he holds his mouth open that so he may the more easily draw his breath to conclude his voyce is as it were drown'd in his jaws and nose he cannot lye upon his back but lying is forced to sit so to breathe more freely and because the passage is stopt the drink flies out at his Nose the Eyes are fiery and swollen and standing out of their orb Those which are thus affected are often sodainly suffocated a foam rising about their mouths The second kind The second difference is said to be that in which the tumor appears inwardly but little or scarse any thing at all outwardly the Tongue Glandules and Jaws appearing somewhat swollen The third The third being least dangerous of them all causes a great swelling outwardly but little inwardly The Causes The Causes are either Internal or External The External are a stroak splinter or the like thing sticking in the Throat or the excess of extreme cold or heat The Internal causes are a more plentiful defluxion of the humors either from the whole body or the Brain which participate of the nature either of bloud choler or flegm but seldom of Melancholy The signs by which the kind and commixture may be known have been declared in the general Treatise of Tumors The Squincy is more dangerous by how much the humor is less apparent within and without That is less dangerous which shews it self outwardly because such an one shuts not up the wayes of the meat nor breath Some dye of a Squincy in twelve hours others inâ—â—o four or seven days Hip. sect 3. proe 2. Apâ—â—r 10 sect 5. Those saith Hippocrates which scape the Squincy the disease passes to the Lungs and they dye within seven dayes but if they scape these days they are suppurated but also oftentimes this kind of disease is terminated by disappearing that is by an obscure reflux or the humor into some noble part as into the Lungs whence the Emprema proceeds and into other principal parts whose violating brings inevitable death sometimes by resolution otherwise by suppuration The way of resolution is the more to be desired it happens when the matter is small and that subtle especially if the Physitian shall draw bloud by opening a vein and the Patient use fitting Gargarisms A Critical Squincy divers times proves deadly by reason of the great falling down of the humor upon the throttle by which the passage of the breath is sodainly shut up Broths must be used made with Capons and Veal seasoned with Lettuce Purslain Sorrel and the cold Seeds If the Patient shall be somewhat weak let him have potched Egges and Barly Creams Diet. the Barly being somewhat boyled with Raisons in Water and Sugar and other meats of this kind Let him be forbidden Wine in stead whereof he may use Hydromelita and Hydrosachara that is drinks made of Water and Honey or Water and Sugar as also Syrups of dryed Roses of Violets Sorrel and Limmons and others of this kind Let him avoid too much sleep But in the mean time the Physitian must be careful of all because this disease is of their kind which brook no delayes Wherefore let the Basilica be presently opened on that side the tumor is the greater Cure then within a short time after the same day for evacuation of the conjunct matter let the vein under the tongue be opened let Cupping-Glasses be applyed sometimes with scarification sometimes without to the neck and shoulders and let frictions and painful ligatures be used to the extreme parts But let the humor impact in the part be drawn away by Clysters and sharp Suppositories Repelling Gargarisms Whilst the matter is in defluxion let the mouth without delay be washed with astringent Gargarisms to hinder the defluxion of the humor lest by its sodain falling down it kill the Patient as it often happens all the Physitians care and diligence notwithstanding Therefore let the mouth be frequently washed with Oxycrate or such a Gargarism â„ž Pomorum sylvest nu iiij sumach Rosar rub an m. ss berber Ê’ ij let them be all boyled with sufficient quantity of water to the consumption of the half adding thereunto of the Wine of sour Pomgranats â„¥ iiij of Diamoron â„¥ ij let it be a little more boyled and make a gargle according to Art And there may be other Gargarisms made of the waters of Plantain Night-shade Verjuyce Julep of Roses and the like But if the matter of the defluxion shall be Phlegmatick Alum Pomgranat-pill Cypress-nuts and a little Vinegar may be safely added But on the contrary Repercussives must not be outwardly applyed but rather Lenitives whereby the external parts may be relaxed and rarified and so the way be open either for the diffusing or resolving the portion of the humor You shall know the humor to begin to be resolved if the Feaver leave the Patient if he swallow speak and breathe more freely if he sleep quietly and the pain begin to be much asswaged Ripening Gargarisms Therefore then Nature's endeavour must be helped by applying resolved medicines or else by using suppuratives inwardly and outwardly if the matter seem to turn into Pus Therefore let Gargarisms be made of the roots of March-Mallows Figs Jujubes Damask-Prunes Dates perfectly boyled in water The like benefit may be had by Gargarisms of Cows-milk with Sugar by Oyl of Sweet-Almonds or Violets warm for such things help forward suppuration and asswage pain let suppurating Cataplasms be applyed outwardly to the neck and throat and the parts be wrapped with wooll moistned with Oyl of Lillies When the Physitian shall perceive that the humor is perfectly turned into pus let the Patients mouth be opened with the Speculum oris and the abscess opened with a crooked and long Incision-knife then let the mouth be now and then washed with cleansing Gargles as â„ž Aquae hordei
in the amputation of a member And it happens by the puncture of a venemous beast or from seed retained or corrupted in the womb or from a Gangrene or Sphacel from a venenate and putrid air carryed up to the Brain or from a sodain tumult and fear Lastly what things soever with any distemper The Cure especially hot do hurt and debilitate the mind These may cause doting by the afflux of humors specially cholerick by dissipation oppression or corruption of the spirits Therefore if it shall proceed from the inflammation of the Brain and Meninges or Membranes thereof after purging and bloud-letting by the prescription of a Physitian the hair being shaved or cut off the head shall be fomented with Rose-Vinegar and then an Emplaister of Diacalcitheos dissolved in Oyl and Vinegar of Roses shall be laid thereupon Sleep shall be procured with Barly creams wherein the seeds of white Poppy have been boyled with broths made of the decoction of the cold seeds of Lettuce Purslain Sorrel and such like Cold things shall be applyed to his Nostrils as the seeds of Poppy gently beaten with rose-Rose-water and a little Vinegar Let him have merry and pleasant companions that may divert his mind from all cogitation of sorrowful things and may ease and free him of cares and with their sweet intreaties may bring him to himself again But if it happen by default of the spirits you must seek remedy from those things which have been set down in the Chapter of Swooning The End of the Ninth Book The Tenth BOOK Of the Green and Bloudy WOVNDS of each Part. CHAP. I. Of the kinds or differences of a broken Skull NOw that we have briefly treated of Wounds in general that is of their differences signs causes prognosticks and cure and also shewed the reason of the accidents and symptoms which usually follow and accompany them it remains that we treat of them as they are incident to each part because the cure of wounds must be diversly performed according to the diversity of the parts Now we will begin with the wounds of the head The differences of a broken Head Therefore the head hath the hairy scalp lightly bruised without any wound otherwhiles it is wounded without a Contusion and sometimes it is both contused and wounded but a fracture made in the skull is sometimes superficiary sometimes it descends even to the Diploe sometimes it penetrates through the 2 Tables and the Meninges into the very substance of the Brain besides the Brain is oft-times moved and shaken with breaking of the internal veins and divers symptoms happen when there appears no wound at all in the head of all and every of which we will speak in order and add their cure especially according to the opinion of the divine Hippocrates He in his Book of the wounds of the head seems to have made 4 or 5 kinds of fractures of the skull The kinds of a broken Skull out of Hippocrates The first is called a fissure or fracture the second a contusion or collision the third is termed Effractura the fourth is named Sedes or a seat the fifth if you please to add it you may call a Counterfissure or as the interpreter of Paulus calls it a Resonitus As when the Bone is cleft on the contrary side to that which received the stroak Differences from their quantity Differences from their figure From their complication There are many differences of these five kinds of a broken skull For some fractures are great some small and others indifferent some run out to a greater length or bredth others are more contracted some reside only in the superficies others descend to the Diploe or else pierce through both the Tables of the Skull some run in a right line others in an oblique and circular some are complicated amongst themselves as a Fissure is necessarily and alwayes accompained with a Collision or Contusion and others are associated with divers accidents as pain heat swelling bleeding and the like Sometimes the Skull is so broken that the Membrane lying under it is pressed with shivers of the Bone as with pricking needles Somewhiles none of the Bones fall off All which differences are diligently to be observed because they force us to vary cure and therefore for the help of memory I have thought good to describe them in the following Table A Table of the Fractures of the Skull A Fracture or Solution of continuity in the Skull is caused either by Contusion that is a collision of a thing bruising hard heavy and obtuse which shall fall or be smitten against the head or against which the head shall be knocked so that the broken Bones are divided or Keep their natural figure and site touching each other whence proceeds that fracture of the Skull which is called a fissure which is Either manifest and apparent that is To your sight To your feeling Or instrument Or obscure and not manifest when as not the part which received the blow is wounded but the contrary thereto and that happens either In the same Bone and that two manner of ways as On the side as for example when the right side of the Bone of the Forehead is strucken the left is cleft Or from above to below as when not the first Table which received the blow is cleft but that which is under it In divers Bones to wit in such men as want Sutures or have them very close or disposed other-wayes then is fit and this opposition is either From the right side to the left and so on the contrary as when the right Bregma is struck and the left cleft From before to behind and the contrary as when the Forehead is smitten the Nowl is cleft Or between both that is the obscure and manifest as that which is termed a Capillary fissure and is manifested by smearing it over with Oyl and writing Ink. Or lose their site and that either Wholly so that the particles of the broken Bone removed from their seat and falling down press the Membrane whence proceeds that kind of effracture which retains a kind of attrition when as the Bone struck upon is broken as it were into many fragments shivers and scales either apparent or hid in the sound Bone so that it is pressed down Or in some sort as when the broken bone is in some part separated but in others adheres to the whole Bone whence another kind of effracture arises you may call it arched when as the Bone so swels up that it leaves an empty space below Or by incision of a sharp or cutting thing but that incision is made either by Succision when the bone is so cut that in some part it yet adheres to the sound Bone Rescission when the fragment falls down wholly broken off Or Seat when the mark of the weapon remains imprinted in the wound that the wound is of no more length nor breadth than the weapon fell upon Another Table of the
young men and more slowly in old And thus much may serve for Prognosticks Now will we treat as briefly and perspicuously as we can of the cure both in general and particular wherefore beginning with the general we will first prescribe a convenient Diet by the moderate use of the six things not natural CHAP. XIV Of the general cure of a broken Skull and of the Symptoms usually happening thereupon THe first cure must be to keep the Patient in a temperate air and if so be How the air ought to be that it be not such of it self and its own proper nature it must be corrected by Art As in winter he must have a clear fire made in his chamber lest the smoak cause sneesing and other accidents and the windows and doors must be kept shut to hinder the approach of the cold air and wind All the time the wound is kept open to be drest some body standing by shall hold a chafendish full of coals or a heated Iron bar over the wound at such a distance that a moderate heat may pass thence to the wound and the frigidity of the encompassing air may be corrected by the breathing of the diffused heat For cold according to the opinion of Hippocrates is an Enemy to the Brain Bones Aphor. 18. sect 5. Nerves and spinal marrow it is also hurtful to ulcers by suppressing their excrements which supprest do not only hinder suppuration but also by corrosion makes them sinuous Therefore Galen rightly admonisheth us to keep cold from the Brain not only in the time of trepaning but also afterwards For there can be no greater nor more certain harm befal the fractured skull than by admitting the air by such as are unskilful For if the air should be hotter than the Brain Lib. 2. de usâ— part cap. 2. then it could not thence be refrigerated but if the brain should be laid open to the air in the midst of Summer when it is at the hottest yet would it be refrigerated The Air though in Summeâ— is colder than the brain and unless it were relieved with hot things take harm this is the opinion of Galen whereby you may understand that many who have the r Skulls broken dye more through default of skill in the curing than by the greatness of the fracture But when the wound is bound up with the pledgets cloths and rowlers as is fit if the air chance to be more hot than the Patient can well endure let it be amended by sprinkling and strawing the chamber with cold water oxycrate the branches of Willows and Vine Neither is it sufficient to shun the too cold air unless also you take heed of the over light chiefly until such time as the most feared and malign symptoms are past For a too great light dissipates the spirits increases pain strengthens the feaver and symptoms The discommodities of too much Light Hippocrates wholly forbids wine therefore the Patient instead thereof must drink Barly water fair water boyled and tempered with Julep of roses syrup of Violets vinegar the like water wherein bread crums have been steeped Water and Sugar with a little juyce of Limmons What his drink must be or Pomecitron added thereto and such like as the ability and taste of the Patient shall require Let him continue such drinks until he be free from malign symptoms which usually happen within fourteen days His meat shall be pap Ptisan shunning Almond-milks for Almonds are said to fill the Head with vapours and cause pain stued Damask Prunes Raisons and Currants seasoned with Sugar Almonds increase the pain of the head and a little Cinamon which hath a wonderful power to comfort the stomach and revive and exhilarate the Spirits Chickens Pidgeons Veal Kid Leverets Birds of the fields Pheasons Black-birds Turtles Partridges Thrushes Larks and such like meats of good digestion boyled with Lettuce Purslain Sorrel Borage Bugloss Succory Endive and the like are thought very convenient in this case If he desire at any time to feed on meats rosted he may only dipping them in Verjuyce in the acid juyces of Oranges Citrons Limons or Pomegranates sometimes in one and sometimes in another What fish he may eat according to his tast and ability If any have a desire to eat fish he must make choyce of Trouts Gudgeons Pikes and the like which live in running and clear waters and not in muddy he shall eschew all cold Sallets and Pulse because they fly up and trouble the head it will be convenient after meat to use common dridg powder or Aniseed Fennel-seed or Coriander-comfits also Conserve of Roses or Marmilate of Quinces to shut up the orifice of the Ventricle lest the head should be offended with vapours arising from thence Aphor. 13. 14. sect 1. Children must eat often but sparingly for children cannot fast so long as those which are elder because their natural heat is more strong wherefore they stand in need of more nourishment so also in winter all sorts of people require more plentiful nourishment for that then their stomachs are more hot than in Summer Aphor. 15. sect 2. When the fourteenth day is past if neither a Feaver nor any thing else forbids he may drink wine moderately and by little and little encrease his diet but that respectively to each one's nature strength and custom He shall shun as much as in him lies sleep on the day time unless it happen that a Phlegmon seise upon the brain or the Meninges Why sleep upon the day time is good for the brain being inflamed Lib. 2. Epidem For in this case it will be expedient to sleep on the day time especially from morning till noon for in this season of the day as also in the Spring bloud is predominant in the body according to the opinion of Hippocrates For it is so vulgarly known that it need not be spoken that the bloud when we are awake is carryed into the habit and surface of the body but on the contrary by sleep it is called into the noble parts the Heart and Liver Wherefore if that the bloud by the force of the Sun casting his beams upon the Earth at his rising is carryed into the habit of the body it should again be more and more diffused by the strength and motion of watching the inflammation in the Brain and Meninges would be much encreased Wherefore it will be better especially then to stay by sleep the violence of the bloud running into the habit of the body when it shall seem to rage and more violently to affect that way The discommodities ensuing immoderate Watching Gal. Meth. 18. Watching must in like manner be moderate for too much depraves the temper of the Brain and of the habit of the whole body it causes crudities pains and heaviness of the head and makes the wounds dry and malign But if the Patient cannot sleep by reason of the vehemency of the
the Sanies or matter Or else â„ž Mellis rosar â„¥ ij farinae hord pulver aloes mastich Ireos florent an Ê’ ss aqua vitae parum let them be incorporated together and make a detersive medicine for the foresaid use Sometimes also the Crassa Meninx is inflamed after Trepaning and swoln by a Phlegmon that Paulus lib. 6. cap. 90. impatient of its place it rises out of the hole made by the Trepan and lifts it self much higher then the skull whence grievous symptoms follow Wherefore to prevent death of which then we ought to be afraid we must inlarge the former hole with our cutting mullets that the matter contained under the skull by reason of whose quantity the membrane swells may the more freely breathe and pass forth and then we must go about by the prescript of the Physitian to let him bleed again to purge and diet him The inflammation shall be resisted by the application of contrary remedies as this following fomentation â„ž Sem. lini althae fon psillii ros rub an â„¥ j. solani plantag an M. j. bulliant in aqua tepida communi ex qua fiat fotus Anodyne and repelling medicines shall be dropped into his ears when it is exceedingly swoln that the tumor may subside Remedies for the inflammation of the Crassa Meninx you shall cast upon it the meal or floure of lentils or vine leaves beaten with Goose grease With all which remedies if the tumor do not vanish and withall you conjecture that there is Pus or matter contained therein then you must open the Dura Mater with your incision-knife holding the point upwards and outwards for so the matter will be poured forth and the substance of the brain not hurt nor touched Many other Chirurgeons and I my self How we must open the Crassa Meninx when it is impostumate have done this in many patients with various success For it is better in desperate cases to try a doubtful remedy then none at all also it oft-times happens whether by the violence of the contusion and blow or concretion or clotting of the blood which is shed or the appulse of the cold ayre or the rash application of medicines agreeing neither in temper nor complexion with the Crassa Meninx or also by the putrefaction of the proper substance that the Dura Mater it self becomes black The causes and remedies of the blackness of the Dura Mater Remedies for contusion Of which symptome the Chirurgion must have a great and special care Therefore that thou mayst take away the blackness caused by the vehemency of the contusion you shall put upon it oyle of eggs with a little Aquae vitae and a small quantity of Saffron and Orris roots in fine powder you shall also make a fomentation of discussing and aromatick things boyled in water and wine and Vigoes Cerat formerly described shall be applyed But if the harm come from congealed blood you shall withstand it with this following remedie â„ž Aqua vitae â„¥ ij granor tinctorum in tenuem pulverem tritorumÊ’ijss croci ℈ 1. Mellis rosat â„¥ ijss sarcocol Ê’iij Leviter simul â—â—lliant omnia de colatura infundatur quousque nigrites fuerit obliterata For congealed blood If this affect come by the touch of the ayre it shall be helped with this following remedy â„ž Tereb ven â„¥ iij Mellis ros For the hurt received by the Ayre â„¥ ij Vitellum ov unum farin hordeiÊ’iij croci ℈ j. sarcocol Ê’ij aq vitaeÊ’ij Incorporentur simul â—ulliant paululum This remedy shall be used untill the blackness be taken away and the membrane recover its pristine colour What medicins make the Crassa Mâ—ninx black But if this affect proceed from the rash use of medicines it must be helped by application of things contrary For thus the offence caused by the too long use of moist and oyly medicines may be amended by using catagmatick and cephalick powders but the heat and biting of acrid medicines shall be mitigated by the contrary use of gentle things for both humid and acrid things somewhat long used make the part look black that truly by generating and heaping up filth but this Medicins against the putrefaction of the Meninx by the burning and hardening heat But when such blackness proceeds from putrefaction Iohn de Vigo commends the following remedy â„ž aqua vitae â„¥ ij mellis rosat â„¥ ss But if the affect be grown so contumacious that it will not yeeld to this gentle remedy then this following will be convenient â„ž Aq. vitae â„¥ iij. mellis ros â„¥ j. pulver Mercur. Ê’ij unica eâ—ullitione bulliant simul ad usum dictum Or â„ž aqua vit â„¥ jss syrup absinth mellis rosat an Ê’ij unguenti AegyptiaciÊ’jss sarcocol myrrhae aloes an.Ê’j. vini albi boni odoriferi â„¥ j. Bulliant leviter omnia simul colentur ad usum dictum But if the force of the putrefaction be so stubborn that it will not yeeld to these remedies it will be helped with Aegyptiacum made with plantain water instead of Vinegar used alone by it self or with the powder of Mercury alone by it self or mixt with the powder of Alome Neither must we be afraid to use such remedies especially in this extream disease of the Dura Mater for in Galens opinion the Crassa Meninx after the skull is trepaned delights in medicines that are acrid Why the Crassa Meninx easily endures acâ—id medicins that is strong and very drying especially if it have no Phlegmon and this for two reasons the first is for that hard and dry bodies such as membranous bodies are be not easily affected unless by strong medicines the other is which must be the chief and prime care of the Physitian to preserve and restore the native temper of the part by things of like temper to it But if the auditory passage not only reaching to the hard membranes of the Brain but also touching the Nerve which descends into it from the brain suffer most vehement medicines though it be placed so neer certainly the Crassa Meninx will endure them far more easily and without harm But if by these means the putrefaction be not restrained and the tumor be encreased so much that the Dura Mater rising far above the skull remains unmoveable black and dry and the patients eyes look fiery stand forth of his head and rowl up and down with unquietness and a phrensie Signs of death at hand and these so many ill accidents be not fugitive but constant then know that death is at hand both by reason of the corruption of the gangraen of a noble part as also by extinction of the native heat CHAP. XXII Of the cure of the Brain being shaken or moved What the concussion of the brain is WE have formerly declared the causes signs and symptoms of the concussion or shaking of the Brain without any wound of the musculous skin or fracture of the bone wherefore for
for such as live for they did not so much as suspect or imagine so horrid a wickedness but either for that they held an opinion of the general resurrection or that in these monuments they might have something whereby they might keep their dead friends in perpetual remembrance Thevet not much dissenting from his own opinion writes that the true Mummie is taken from the Monuments and stony Tombs of the anciently dead in Egypt the chinks of which tombs were closed and cemented with such diligence the inclosed bodies embalmed with precious Spices with such Art for eternity that the linnen vestures which were wrapt about them presently after their death may be seen whole even to this day but the bodies themselves are so fresh that you would judg them scarse to have been three days buryed And yet in those Sepulchers and Vaults from whence these bodies are taken there have been some corps of two thousands years old The same or their broken members are brought to Venice from Syria and Egypt and thence disperst over all Christendom But according to the different condition of men the matter of their embalments were divers for the bodies of the Nobility or Gentry were embalmed with Myrrh Aloes Saffron and other precious Spices and Drugs but the bodies of the common sort whose poverty and want of means could not undergo such cost were embalmed with asphaltum or pissasphaltum Now Mathjolus saith that all the Mummie which is brought into these parts What our Mummie usually is is of this last kind and condition For the Noblemen and chief of the Province so religiously addicted to the Monuments of their Ancestors would never suffer the bodies of their friends and kindred to be transported hither for filthy gain and such detested use as we shall shew more at large at the end of this work Which thing sometimes moved certain of our French Apothecaries men wondrous audacious and covetous to steal by night the bodies of such as were hanged and embalming them with Salt and Drugs they dryed them in an Oven so to sell them thus adulterated in stead of true Mummie Wherefore we are thus compelled both foolishly and cruelly to devour the mangled and putrid particles of the carkasses of the basest people of Egypt or of such as are hanged as though there were no other way to help or recover one bruised with a fall from a high place than to bury man by an horrid insertion in their that is in mans guts Now if this Drug were any way powerful for that they require they might perhaps have some pretence for this their more than barbarous inhumanity But the case stands thus that this wicked kind of Drug Mummie is no way good for contusions doth nothing help the diseased in that case wherefore and wherein it is administred as I have tryed a hundred times and as Thevet witnesses he tryed in himself when as he took some thereof by the advice of a certain Jewish Physitian in Egypt from whence it is brought but it also infers many troublesome symptoms as the pain of the heart or stomach vomiting and stink of the mouth I perswaded by these reasons do not only my self not prescribe any hereof to my Patients But hurtful and how but also in consultations endeavour what I may that it be not prescribed by others It is far better according to Galen's opinion in Method med to drink some Oxycrate The effects of Oxycrate in Contusions which by its frigidity restrains the flowing bloud and by its tenuity of substance dissolves and discusses the congealed clots thereof Many reasons of learned Physitians from whom I have learned this History of Mummie drawn from Philosophy whereby they make it apparent that there can be no use of this or that Mummie in contusions or against flowing or congealed bloud I willingly omit for that I think it not much beneficial to Chirurgeons to insert them here Wherefore I judg it better to begin to treat of Combustions or Burns CHAP. VIII Of Combustions and their Differences ALl Combustions whether occasioned by Gunpowder or by scalding Oyl Water The reason and symptoms of Combustions some metal or what things soever else differ only in magnitude These first cause pain in the part and imprint in it an unnatural heat Which savouring of the fire leaves that impression which the Greeks call Empyreuma There are more or less signs of this impression according to the efficacy of the thing burning the condition of the part burned and stay upon the same If the combustion be superficiary the skin rises into pustules and blisters unless it be speedily prevented If it be low or deep in it is covered with an Eschar or Crust the burnt flesh by the force of the fire turning into that crusty hardness The burning force of the fire upon whatsoever part it falls leaves a hot distemper therein condensates The 〈…〉 the 〈…〉 sing But 〈…〉 contracts and thickens the skin whence pain proceeds from pain there comes an attraction of humors from the adjacent and remote parts These humors presently turn into waterish or serous moisture whilst they seek to pass forth and are hindered thereof by the skin condensated by the action of the fire they lift it up higher and raise the blisters which we see Hence divers Indications are drawn whence proceeds the variety of medicins for Burns For some take away the Empyreuma that is the heat of the fire as we term it and asswage the pain other hinder the rising of blisters othersome are fit to cure the ulcer first to procure the falling away of the Eschar Variety of medicins to take away the heat and asswage the pain then to clense generate flesh and cicatrize it Remedies fit to asswage pain and take away the fiery heat are of two kinds for some do it by a cooling faculty by which they extinguish the preternatural heat and repress or keep back the bloud and humors which flow into the parts by reason of heat and pain Others endued with contrary faculties are hot and attractive as which by relaxing the skin and opening the pores resolve and dissipate the serous humors which yield both beginning and matter to the pustules and so by accident asswage the pain and heat Refrigerating things are cold water the water of Plantain Nightshade Henbane Hemlock the juyces of cooling hearbs as Purslane Lettuce Plantain Housleek Poppy Mandrake and the like Of these some may be compounded as some of the fore-named juyces beaten with the white of an Egge Clay beaten and dissolved in strong Vinegar Roch-Alome dissolved in water with the whites of Egs beaten therein writing-Ink mixed with Vinegar and a little camphire Unguentum nutritum and also Populeon newly made These and the like shall be now and then renewed chiefly at the first until the heat and pain be gone But these same remedies must be applyed warm for if they should be laid or put to
or else eaten away and consumed by acrid and catheretick medicins in performance of which there is need of great moderation of the minde and hand For it is a part endued with most exquisite sence and near the brain wherefore by handling it too roughly there is fear of distension of the nerves and consequently of death Sometimes also the preternatural falling of some strange bodies into this passage maketh a stopping of the ears such as are fragments of stone gold silver iron and the like metals pearls cherry-stones or kernels pease and other such like pulse Now solid and bony bodies still retain the same magnitude but pease seeds and kernels by drawing the moisture there implanted into them swell up and cause vehement pain by the distension of the neighbouring parts wherefore the sooner they are drawn forth the better it is for the patient This shall be done with small pincers and instruments made in the shape of ear-picks But if you profit nothing thus then must you use such gimblets as are made for the drawing forth of bullets shot deep into the bodie Little stones and bodies of the like stonie hardness shall be forced forth by the brain provoked to concussion by sneesing The concussive force of sneesing and by dtopping some oil of almonds first into the passage of the ear that the way may be the more slippery for it will come to pass by this sneesing or violence of the internal air forcibly seeking passage out that at length they may be cast forth the mouth and nostrils being stopped with the hand But if we cannot thus prevail it remains that we cut open the passage with an incision-knife so much as shall be sufficient for the putting in and using of an instrument for to extract them If any creeping things of little creatures as fleas ticks pismires gnats and the like which sometimes happeneth shall get therein you may kill them by dropping in a little oil and vinegar There is a certain little creeping thing which for piercing and getting into the ears the French call Perse-oreille we an ear-wig This if it chance to get into the ear may be killed by the foresaid means you may also catch it or draw it forth by laying half an apple to your ear as a bait for it CHAP. XXIV Of getting of little bones and such like things out of the jaws and throat SOmetimes little bones and such like things in eating greedily use to stick The cure different according to the places where they stick or as it were fasten themselves in the jaws oâ— throat Such bodies if you can come to the sight of them shall be taken out with long slender and crooked mallets made like a Cranes-beak If they do not appear nor there be no means to take them forth they shall be cast forth by causing vomit or with swallowing a crust of bread or a drie fig gently chawed and so swallowed or else they shall be thrust down into the stomack or plucked back with a leek or some other such long and stiff crooked bodie anointed with oil and thrust down the throat If any such like thing shall get into the weazon you must cause coughing by taking sharp things or else sneesing so to cast forth whatsoever is there troublesome CHAP. XXV Of the Tooth-ache OF all pains The Tooth-ach a most cruel pain there is none which more cruelly tormenteth the patients then the Tooth-ache For we see them oft-times after the manner of other bones to suffer inflammation which will quickly suppurate and they become rotten and at length fall away piece-meal for we see them by daily experience to be eaten and hollowed and to breed worms some portion of them putrefying The cause of such pain is either internal or external and primitive The internal is a hot or cold defluxion of humors upon them filling their sockets The cause thereof and thence consequently driving out the teeth which is the reason thar they stand sometimes so far forth that the patient neither dares nor can make use of them to chaw for fear of pain for that they are loose in their sockets by the relaxation of the gums caused by the falling down of the defluxion When as they are rotten and perforated even to the roots if any portion of the liquor in drinking fall into them they are pained as if you thrust in a pin or bodkin the bitterness of the pain is such The signs of a hot defluxion are sharp and pricking pain The signs of this or that defluxion as if needles were thrust into them a great pulsation in the root of the pained tooth and the temples and some ease by the use of cold things Now the signs of a cold defluxion are a great heavinesse of the head much and frequent spitting some mitigation by the use of hot remedies In the bitternesse of pain we must not presently run to Tooth-drawers or cause them presently to go in hand to pluck them out First consult a Physician who may prescribe remedies according to the variety of the causes Now here are three intensions of curing The first is concerning diet the other for the evacuation of the defluxion or antecedent cause Three scopes of curing the third for the application of proper remedies for the asswaging of pain The two former scopes to wit of diet and diâ—eâ—ting the defluxion by purging phlebotomie application of cupping-glasses to the neck and shoulders and scarification do absolutely belong to the Physician Now for proper and to pick medicines they shall be chosen contrary to the cause Wherefore in a hot cause it is good washing the mouth with the juice of pomgranats plantain-plantain-water A cold and repercussive lotion for the mouth a little vinegar wherein roses balaustiae and sumach have been boiled But such things as shall be applyed for the mitigating of the pain of the teeth ought to be things of very subtle parts for that the teeth are parts of dense consistence Therefore the ancients have alwaies mixed vinegar in such kind of remedies â„ž rosar rub sumach hordei an m. ss seminis hyoscyami canquassatiÊ’ii santalorum an Ê’i lactucae summitatum rubi solani plantaginis an m. ss bulliant omnia in aquae lb. iiii pauco aceto ad hordei crepaturam Wash the mouth with such a decoction being warm You may also make Trochises for the same purpose after this manner â„ž sem hyosciami Trochises for a hot defluxion sandarachae coriandri opii an Ê’ ss terantur cum aceto incorporentur formenturque trochisci apponendi dentibus dolentibus Or else â„ž seminis portulacae hyoscyami coriandri lentium corticis santali citrini rosar rub pyrethri camphorae an Ê’ ss let them all be beaten together with strong vinegar and made into trochises with which being dissolved in rose-water let the gums and whole mouth be washed when need requireth But if the pain be not asswaged with these you
luc lb. ii aq vitae â„¥ vi agitentur omnia simul diligentissime Lutetur alembicum luto sapientiae fiat distillatio lento ignae in balneo mariae Use it after the following manner â„ž aq stillatitiae prescriptae â„¥ ii aut iii. According to the operation which it shall perform let the patient take it four hours before meat Also radish-water distilled in balneo mariae is given in the quantity of â„¥ iiii with sugar and that with good success Baths and sem cupia or halt baths are artificially made Why the use of diureticks is better after bathing To cleanse the ulcers of the kidnies and bladder relax soften dilate and open all the body therefore the prescribed diureticks mixed wtih half a dram of treacle may be fitly given at the going forth of the bath These medicines following are judged fit to cleanse the ulcers of the kidnies and bladder Syrup of maiden-hair of â—oses taken in quantity of â„¥ i. with hydromel or barlie-barlie-water Asses or Goats-milk are also much commended in this affect because they cleanse the ulcers by their serous or whayish portion and agglutinate by their chees-life They must be taken warm from the dug with hony of roses or a little salt least they corrupt in the stomach and that to the quantity of four ounces drinking or eating nothing presently upon it The following Trochises are also good for the same purpose Trochisces to heal the ulcers of the kidnies â„ž quatuor sem frigid major seminis papaveris albi portulâ—cae-plantag cydon myrtil gum tragacanth arab pinear. glycyrrhi mund hordei mund mucilag psilii amygdal dulcium an â„¥ i. bâ—â— armen sanguin dracon spodii rosar mastich terrae sigil myrrhae an â„¥ ii cum oxymelite conficiantur secundum artem trochisci Let the patient take Ê’ ss dissolved in whay ptisan barlie-water and the like they may also be profitably dissolved in plantain-water and injected into the bladder Let the patient abstain from wine and instead thereof let him use barlie-water or hydromel or a ptisan made of an ounce of raisins of the Sun Drink instead of wine stoned and boiled in five pints of fair water in an earthen pipkin well leaded or in a glass untill one pint be consumed adding thereto of liquorice scraped and beaten â„¥ i. of the cold seeds likewise beaten two drams Let it after it hath boiled a little more be strained through an hypocras bag with a quartern of sugar and two drams of choice cinnamon added thereto and so let it be kept for usual drink CHAP. LVI Of the Diabete or inabilitie to hold the Vrine THe Diabete is a disease wherein presently after one hath drunk the urine is presently made in great plentie What Diabete is by the dissolution of the retentive faculty of the reins and the depravation or immoderation of the attractive faculty The external causes are the unseasonable and immoderate use of hot and diuretick things and all more violent and vehement exercises The causes The internal causes are the inflammation of the liver lungs spleen but especially of the kidnies and bladder This affect must be diligently distinguished from the excretion of the morbifick causes by urine Signs The loins in this disease are molested with a pricking and biteing pain and there is a continual and unquenchable thirst and although this disease proceed from a hot distemper Why the urines are watrish yet the urine is not coloured red troubled or thick but thin and white or waterish by reason the matter thereof makes very small stay in the stomach liver and hollow vein being presently drawn away by the heat of the kidnies or bladder If the affect long endure the patient for want of nourishment falleth away whence certain death ensues For the cure of so great a disease the matter must be purged which causes or feeds the inflammation or phlegmon and consequently blood must be let We must abstain from the four cold seeds for although they may profit by their first qualitie The cure yet will they hurt by their diuretick faculty Refrigerating and astringent nourishments must be used and such as generate gross humors as rice thick and astringent wine mixed with much water Narcotick things to be applied to the loins Exceeding cold yea narcotick things shall be applied to the loins for otherwise by reason of the thickness of the muscles of those parts the force unless of exceeding refrigerating things will not be able to arrive at the reins of this kinde are oil of white poppie henbane opium purslain and lettuce-seed mandrage vinegar and the like of which cataplasms plasters and ointments may be made fit to corroborate the parts and correct and heat CHAP. LVII Of the Strangurie What the Strangurie is THe Strangurie is an affect haveing some affinitie with the Diabete as that wherein the water is involuntarily made but not together at once but by drops continually and with pain The causes The external causes of a strangurie are the too abundant drinking of cold water and all too long stay in a cold place The internal causes are the defluxion of cold humors into the urinarie parts for hence they are resolved by a certain palsie and the sphincter of the bladder is relaxed so that he cannot hold his water according to his desire inflammation also and all distemper causeth this affect and whatsoever in some sort obstructs the passage of the urine as clotted blood thick phlegm gravel and the like And because according to Galens opinion all sorts of distemper may cause this disease diverse medicines shall be appointed according to the difference of the distemper Therefore against a cold distemper fomentations shall be provided of a decoction of mallows Com. ad aphor 15. sect 3. roses origanum calamint and the like and so applied to the privities then presently after let them be anointed with oil of bays and of Castoreum and the like Strong and pure wine shall be prescribed for his drink and that not only in this cause but also when the strangurie happens by the occasion of obstruction caused by a gross and cold humor if so be that the body be not plethorick But if inflammation together with a Plethora oâ— fulness hath caused this affect we may according to Galens advice Ad aphor 48. sect 7. heal it by blood-letting But if obstruction be in fault that shall be taken away by diureticks either hot or cold according to the condition of the matter obstructing We here omit to speak of the Dysuria or difficultie of making water because the remedies are in general the same with those which are used in the Ischuriae or suppression of urine CHAP. LVIII Of the Cholick WHensoever the guts being obstructed or otherwise affected the excrements are hindred from passing forth and if the fault be in the small guts the affect is termed Volvulus Ileos and Miserere mei but if it be in
pain arising for that the guts are not in their due site and plâ—ce and because the excrements by their too long detension acquiâ—e a preternatural heat and this is the cause of the death of many such as have ruptures for that the gut falling down from the natural place into the cod being a pâ—eternatural place is redoubled and kept there as it were bound whereby the excrements being baked becoming more acridly hot cause inflammation and by raising up flatulencies increase the distension through all the guts untill at length a deadly Heâ—s or colick arising they come forth at the mouth Avicen lib 3. Hip aphoâ— 10. seâ—t 4. For prognosticks it is bettter to have the pain in the colick to wander up and down then to be fixed it is good also that the excrements are not wholly supprest But the evill signs that are here pronounce the affect either difficult or deadly Now these shew that it is deadly intolerable tormenting pain continual vomiting cold sweat coldness of the extreme parts hicketing by reason of the sympathie the stomack hath with the guts a phâ—ensâ—e by the consent of the brain with the stomach and oft-times a convulsion by drawing the matter into the news But such as have gripeing and pain about their navill and loins which can neither be helped by medicine nor otheâ—wise The cure it ends in a dropsie The cure must be diversified according to the varietie of the causes for the stone-collick is cured by medicines proper to the stone that which is caused by an Enterâ—cele is cured by the only restoreing the gut to its place that which is occasioned by worms requires medicines fit to kill and cast forth the worms But that which proceeds from the weakness and refrigeration of the guts and stomack is cured by heating and strengthening medicines as well applyed outwardly as taken inwardly by the mouth or otherwaies The beginning of the cure of that which is occasioned by tough phlegm and flatulencies is by the mitigation of the pain seeing there is nothing which more dejects the powers then pain To this purpose shall you provide baths Baths and anodine fomentations Semicupia fomentations of mallows marsh-mallows violet leavs penie-royal fennel Origanum the seeds of thyme and fenugreek flowers of camomil melilote and other such like which have power to heat drie attenuate and rarifie the skin so to dissipate the winde But all such must be actually hot Also the belly may be anointed with this following ointment An ointment â„ž olei chamoem aneth butyr recent an â„¥ i. sem apii petros galang an Ê’ ss aq vitae ol salviae aut thymi chimici extract q. s The following liniment is much commended by Hollerius â„ž olei rut nardi anÊ’ vi galbani cum aq vit dissolutiÊ’ ii liquefactis simul adde zibetae gr iiii croci gr vi fiat linimentum Also little bags made with millet oats and salt fried with a little white wine in a fâ—ying-pan shall be applied hot upon the bellie and flanks and renewed before they grow cold You may in stead of these bags use ox-bladders half filled with a decoction of resolving things as salt rosemâ—ry thyme lavender bay-berries and the like then inject a glyster being thus made â„ž quatuor â—mel an m. i. orig puleg. calamenth an m. ss anisi carui an m. ss fier anâ—than p. i. bulliant in hydromele ad lb. i. n quâ dissolve bened laxat mellis anthosati sacc rub an â„¥ i olei aneth chamaem an â„¥ i ss Let a glyster be made to be injected at twice Why glisters in the collick must be given in less quantitie for the guts being stretched out cannot contain the accustomed dâ—sis of a glyster Also this following glyster is much approved â„ž vini malvat. olei nucum an â„¥ iii. aq vitae â„¥ i olei juniperi rut per quintum essent extract an Ê’ iii Let this be injected as hot as the patient can endure I have oft-times as by miracle helped intolerable pain caused by the winde collick and phlegm with this glyster Avicen prescribes a carminative glyster made of hyssop origanum acorus anis-seeds and English galengal Let the patient feed upon meats of good juice and easie digestion as broths made with the yolks of eggs saffron hot herbs and a nutmeg let him drink good wine as Muscadine or hypocras made with good wine so to heat the stomach and guts For in Galen's opinion all windiness is generated by a remiss heat But if the pain shall continue a large cupping-glass shall be applied to the navel to draw and dissipate the windiness the bellie shall be bound with strong and broad ligatures to strengthen the guts and discuss the matter of flatulencies The patients taught by nature Specifick medicines use this remedie whilst none admonishing them they press the belly with their hands in the bitterness of pain But if the pain cannot be thus appeased we must come to such medicines as work by an occult property as the dried gut of a Wolf for a dram thereof made into powder is given in wine with good success The cure of a cholerick collick That colick which is caused by a cholerick inflammation requires contrary medicines to wit blood-letting and a refrigerating diet potions made of Diacatholicon and Cassia dissolved in barlie-barlie-water also cooling glysters Avicen prescribes narcoticks for that being cold they are contrarie to the morbifick cause which is hot and drie such are pills of Philonium Also pills of Hyera picra in the quantity of ℈ iv with opium and saffron of each one grain may be used Also baths are appointed made of water wherein mallows marsh-mallows violet-leaves flowers of white lilies lettuce purslain have been boiled to correct the acrimonie of the cholerick and hot humors whence the disease symptom ariseth That colick which is like to this and proceeds from salt acrid thick and tough phlegm is cured the humor being first attenuated and diffused and at length evacuated by medicines taken by the mouth and otherwise according to the prescription of the learned Physician But Avicen cures that which is occasioned by the suppression of the hardened excrements and twâ—neing of them by meats which have an emollient faculty such as humecting broths as that which is made of an old cock tired with running and threshed to death and so boiled with dill polypodie and a little salt untill the flesh fall from the bones also he useth detergent glysters such as this which follows â„ž betae m. i furfuris p. i. ficus nu x. alth m. i. fiat decoctio ad lb. i. in quà dissolve nitri muriae an Ê’ ii sacc â„¥ i. ol sesamini â„¥ ii But if the obstruction be more contumacious you must use more powerful ones made ex cyclamin centaurio hiera diacol cinth an Ê’ ii But if the obstruction do notwithstanding remain so that the excrements
juniperi coâ—quassat an â„¥ i. pulveris nuc moschat ziuzib caryophil piper an Ê’ i. de eâ— qued stillabat fiat unguentum vel linimentum cum cerà terebinth veneta pauca aq vitae addita this marvellously asswageth the pain of the Gout ariseing from a cold cause Another â„ž gummi pini laudani an â„¥ iv gummi â—lâ—mi picis naval an â„¥ ss terebinth venet claraeÊ’ vi chamaem liliorum an â„¥ vi vini rub lb. i ss aq vit salv an Ê’ vi dissolvantur omnia simul lento igne baculo semper agitando deinde adde pul ireos flor baccarum lauri et hermodactyl an â„¥ ii ss mastiches myrrhae et olibani an â„¥ ii farinae fabar â„¥ iv incorporentur omnia simul fiat unguentum molle Or else â„ž mucilag seminis faenugr in aceto extract quantum volueris cui misce mellis quantum sufficit let them be boiled together untill they acquire the consistence of an ointment Discussing fomentations These things shall be changed as often as need shall seem to require Also an anodine and discussing fomentations are good to resolve as this â„ž fol. rutae salv rorismar an m i. bulliant cum aceto vino and so make a decoction for a fomentation which you may use not only in a cold Gout but also in a hot because it resolveth and strengtheneth the part by astriction and freeth it from the defluxion you must have a care that the medicines which are used to pains of the Gout be changed now and then For in this kinde of disease that remedy which did good a little before Remedies must be often changed in the gout and now availeth will in a shott time become hurtful But if the contumacy and excess of the pain be so great that it will not yield to the described medicines then it is fit because the disease is extreme A great discusser to use according to Hippâ—crates counsel extreme such as are those which follow â„ž axungie gallinae olei laurini mastic cuphorb an â„¥ i. pulv â—â—phorb pyreth an Ê’ i. fiat litus herewith let the part be rubbed every day for it is a very effectual medicine For euphorbium and Pellitory by their heat attenuate and resolve the â—apons grease and oil of baies relax the oil of mastich strengtheneth the part and hindreth a new defluxion Also there is made a very anodine ointment of oil of Foxes wherein earth-worms An Anodine the roots of elecampane and bryony have been boiled with a little turpentine and wax this softens attenuates and resolves the cold humor impact in the joints Or else â„ž seminis siâ—â—pi pulviâ—â—rati aceto acerrimo dissoluti â„¥ iii. mellis anacardani â„¥ ii aqua vitae â„¥ i. salis com Ê’ ii let them be all mixed together and applyed to the pained part Or â„ž picis nigrae â„¥ iii. terebinth venetae â„¥ i. sulphuris vivi subtiliter pulverisati â„¥ iii. olei quantum sufficit liquefiant simul fiat emplastrum let it be spread upon leather and laid upon the part for two or three daies space if the patient perceive any ease thereby if otherwise let it be changed as we said before Some for the same purpose apply nettles thereto and presently after wash the part in the sea or salt-salt-water A vesicatory against the contumacie of the conjunct matter Others foment the part with vinegar wherein pigeons hath been boiled A vesicatory made of very sower leaven cantharides and a little aqua vitae is very powerful to evacuate the conjunct matter For thus the malign and virulent serum or whayish humor is let out whence follows some ease of the pain Now there are some goutie pains which cannot be lessened or asswaged unless by remedies more powerful then the distemper therefore vesicatories ought not to be rejected seeing that the Ancients in this affect have also made use of actual cauteries as we shall shew hereafter Chrâ—stâ—pher Andreas in his book termed Oecâ—itarie that is domestick physick much commends Ox-dung wrapped in cabbage or vine-leavs and roasted in the embers and so applyed hot to the grieved part CHAP. XVI Of local medicines to be applyed to hot or sanguin Gout HEre must we in the beginning make use of repercussives such as are cold and dry What repercussives are here required that they may contend with the morbifick matter by both their qualities also let them be astrictive so to add strength to the part But I would have you alwaies to understand that you must first premise general medicines â„ž albuminum ovorum nu iv succi lactucae solani an â„¥ i. aq rosar â„¥ ii incorporentur simul fiat linimentum saepius renovandum Others take the meal of barly lentils acatia oil of roses myrtles and with a little vinegar they make a cataplasm Or â„ž sumaâ—h myrtillorum boli arm an Ê’ ss acatiae corticum granat baulast an Ê’ i. aq plantag rosar an â„¥ iii. olâ— rosati â„¥ i ss aceti â„¥ ii farâ—nae hordei lentium quantum satis erit fiat cataplasma This is very excellent and effectual to stay or hinder phlegmonous and erisipelatous tumors Also you may make a cataplasm ex mucagine Cydoniorum in aquâ rosarum extractà cassia fistula oleo rosato aceto Or â„ž pampinorum vitis viridum m. ii terantur bulliant in oxycrato ex aquâ fabrorum cuiÌ„ adde sumach câ—â—quassat â„¥ i. olei rosat â„¥ ii farinae hordei quantum sufficit fiat cataplasma Or else An excellent astringent cataplasm â„ž succi sempervivi hyoscyami portulacae an â„¥ iv corticum mali granati â„¥ i ss farinae hordie â„¥ v. vini austeri quantum suffâ—â—iâ— fiat cataplasma this is much commended for it hath entring thereinto wine and the pomgranate pill which both are very great astrictives and the juices are exceeding cooling the meal also hinders and thickens the sanguin humors that are ready to flow down and make the medicine of a good consistence Another â„ž fol. hyoscyami acetosae an m. i. involvantur papyro sub cineribus câ—quantur mox cum unguento populeon an t rosat â„¥ ii incorporentur and then lay this Cataplaâ—m thus made warm unto the part Another â„ž florum hyoscyami lb. ii ponantur in phialâ vitâ—eatà recende in fimo equino donec putruerint accipe ex putredine â„¥ ii in quibus dissolve olei de junipere â„¥ ss fiat linimentum ad usum Others beat pulp of a Gourd or Citrul in a mortar and so apply it Another â„ž mucilag sem psilii cydon extract in aq rosar solani an â„¥ iiii olei rosati â—â—phacini â„¥ iii. vini granat â„¥ i. vitellâ—s ovor cum albumine nu iii. camphoraeÊ’ i. encorporentur simul siat linimentum Or else â„ž ol rosat omphacini â„¥ iv album ovorum cum vitellis nu vi succi plantag et solani an â„¥ i. farinae hordei â„¥ iii.
incorporentur simul fiat cataplasma Or â„ž farinae fabarum et hordei an â„¥ iii. â—lei rosati â„¥ ii oxycrati quantum sufficit câ—quantur simul fiat cataplasma Another â„ž mucilag sent psilii â„¥ iiâ—i â—l rosati â„¥ ii acet â„¥ i. vitellos ovorum nu iii. croci ℈ i. misce Pliny reporteth that Sextus Pomponius the Governor of the hither-Spain as he overlooked the winowing of his corn Lib. 22. cap. â—5 was taken by the pain of the Gout in his feet wherefore he coverd himself with the Whear above his knees and so was eased his feet being wonderfully dryed and he afterwards used this kind of remedy It is note-worthie which often happeneth that the pain cannot be altogether eased by such remedies by reason of the abundance of blood impact in the part wherefore it must be evacuated Phlebotomie to evacuate the conjunct matter and asswage pain which I have done in many with good success opening the vein which was most swelled and nigh to the affected part for the pain was presently asswaged Neither must we too long make use of repercussives least the matter become so hardned that it can scarce be afterwards resolved as when it shall be concrete into knots and plaster-like stones resolving medicines are to be mixed with repercussives conveniently applyed so to discuss the humor remaining as yet in the part whereof shall be spoken in the following Chapter CHAP. XVII Of Locall medicines for a cholerick Gout What repercussives are beâ—e required THe repercussives that must first be used in this kinde of Gout ought to be cold and moist that so they may resist both the qualities of choler such are the leaves of night-shade purslain hous-leek henbane sorrel plantain poppy cold water and the like whereof may be made divers compositions As â„ž succi hyoscyami sempervivi lactuc. an â„¥ ii farin hordeiÊ’i olei rosati â„¥ ii agitando simul fiat medicamentum Let it be applyed and often changed for so at length it will asswage the inflammation Some think the brain of a hog mixed with white starchs or barly-meal and oil of roses an excellent medicine The leaves of mallows boiled in water and beaten with a pestil and applyed asswage pain â„ž mucilag sem psilii extract in aq solani vel resarum â„¥ ii â—arin hordei â„¥ i. aceti q s fiat linimentum Or else â„ž unguent rosat mesue popules an â„¥ iii. succi melâ—num â„¥ ii alb overum nu iii. misceantur simul pro litu Also a spunge dipped in oxycrate and pressed out again and applied thereto doth the same Or else â„ž fol caulium rub m. ii câ—quantur in â—xycrato terantur adde overum vitellos tres olei rosati â„¥ ii farinae hordei quantum sufficit flugantur cataplasma Also you may take the crude juice of cole-worts cane-weed and roses beaten and pressed out and of these incorporated with oil of roses and barly-meal make a cataplasm In winter-time when as these things cannot be had green you may use unguent infrigidanâ— Galeni populeon A cerâ—te with opium Or else â„ž cerae albae â„¥ i. croci ℈ i opii ℈ iiii olei rosati quantum sufficit macerentur opium crocus in acelo deinde terantur et incorporentur cum cera et oleo fiat cetatum spread it upon a cloth and lay it upon the part and all about it and let it be often renewed Some cut frogs open and apply them to the grieved part It is confirmed by sundry mens experience that pâ—in of the Sciatica when it would yeeld to no other remedy to have been asswaged by anointing the affected part with the mucous water or gelly of Snails The water of Snails being used for the space of seven or eight daies truth whereof was assured me by the worthy Gentleman the Lord of Longemau a man of great honesty and credit who himself was troubled for six months space with the Sciatica This water is thus made Take fifty or sixty red Snails put them in a copper-pot or kettle and sprinkle them over with common salt and keep them so for the space of a day then press them in a course or hair-cloth in the expressed liquor dip linnen rags and apply them so dipped to the part affected and renew them often But if there be great inflammation the Snails shall he boiled in Vinegar and rose-Rose-water They say that Citrons or Oranges boiled in Vinegar and beaten in a mortar and incorporated with a little barly or bean flower are good against these pains Or else â„ž â—â—morum coctorum in lacte lb. i. butyri â„¥ i. vitellos ovorum nu ii aceti â„¥ i fiat cataplasma There are some who take chees-curd newly made and mix it in a mortar with oil of Roses and barly-meal and so apply it it represseth inflammation and asswageth pain Others mix cassia newly extracted forth of the cane with the juice of Gourds or Melons Others apply to the part the leavs of Coleworts and Dane-weed or smallage or all three mixed together and beaten with a little Vinegar Others macerate or steep an ounce of linseed in Wort and make the mucilage extracted therefrom into a Cataplasm with some oil of Roses and barly-meal Some put oil of poppies to the pulp of Citrulls or Gourds being beaten and so incorporate them together and apply it An history This following medicine hath its credit from a certain Gascoin of Basas that was throughly cured therewith when as he had been vexed long and much with gouty pains above the common custom of such as are troubled with that disease Thus it is Take a great ridg-tile thick and strong and heat it red hot in the fire A particulars stove then put it into such another tile of the same bigness but cold least it should burn the bed-clothes then forthwith fill the hot one with so many Dane-wort-leaves that the patient may safely lay the affected part therein without any danger of burnâ—ng it Then let the patient endure the heat that comes there from and by sweat receive the fruit thereof for the space of an hour substituting fresh Dane-wort-leaves if the forme become too drie as also another hot tile if the former shall grow too cold before the hour be ended This being done let the part be dried with warm and drie linnen clothes Use this particular stove for the space of fifteen daies and that in the morning fasting afterward annoint the part with this following ointment An ointment of the juice of Dane-wurt â„ž succi â—buli lb. i. ss olei com lb. i. misceantur simul and let them be put into a straight mouthed glass and well luted up then let it boil in balneo Mariae being first mixed with some wine untill the half thereof be consumed for the space of ten or twelve hours then let it cool and so keep it for use adding thereto in the time of anointing some few dropâ— of aqua
used to Caruncles occasioned by the Lues Venerea Particular defaults of the Lues Venerea not to be cured unless by the general remedie of the virulency BUt if you suspect that these Caruncles come or are occasioned by a virulent humor or the malignity of the Lues Venerea it is meet that the patient observe such a diet as usually is presâ—ribed to such as are troubled with the Lues Venerea let him use a decoction of Guaicum and let the perinaeum and the whole yard be anointed with ointment made for the Lues Venerea otherwise the Surgeon will lose his labor In the interim whilst he shall sweat in his bed he shall be wished to hold between his legs a stone-bottle filled with hot water or else a hot brick wrapped in linnen cloaths moistened in vinegar and aqua vitae for thus the heat and vapor will ascend to the genitals which together with the help of the applied ointment will dissolve the matter of the Caruncles Caruncles if callous must first be softned and being thus softned they must be consumed with convenient medicines Wherefore first if they become callous or cicatrized which you may suspect if they cast forth no excrementitious humidity they shall be exasperated excoriated and torn with a leaden Catheter having a rough button at the end like a round file He shall so long use the Catheter put into the Vrethra thrusting it up and down the same way so long and often as he shall think fit for the breaking and tearing the Caruncles he shall permit them thus torn to bleed freely so to ease the affected part You may also for the same purpose put into the Vrethra the Catheter marked with this letter B whereinto putting a silver wier sharp at the upper end that by often thrusting it in and out it may wear and make plain the resisting Caruncles Verily by this means I have helped many much perplexed with the fearful danger of this disease Some better like of the Catheter marked with this letter A being thus used it is thrust into the Vrethra with the prominent cutting sides downwards and then pressing the yard on the outside close with your hand to the Catheter in the place where the Caruncles are it is drawn forth again A powder to wast Caruncles The Caruncle thus torn shall be strowed over with the following powder being very effectual to wast and consume all Caruncles of the privities without much pain â„ž herb sabin in umbra exsiccaâ— Ê’ii ocrae antimon tut praeparat an Ê’ss fiat pulv subtilissimus let it be applied in the following manner Put the powder into the pipe or Catheter having holes in the sides hereof the which is the lower most of the last described Then put the Catheter into the urinary passage untill the slit or openness of the side come to the Caruncle How to apply it then into the hollowness of the Catheter put a silver wier wrapped about the end with a little linnen rag which as it is thrust up will also thrust up the powder therewith untill it shall come to the slâ—t against the Caruncle then will it adhere to the caruncle bloody by reason of the said attrition Then shall you draw forth the Catheter first twining it about that so it may not scrape of the powder again If intolerable pain hereupon happen it shall be asswaged and the inflammation restrained by the following injection â„ž An injection to hinder inflammation succorum portulacae plantag solani sempervivi an â„¥ ss album ovorum nu vi agitentur diu in mortario plumbeo let it bejected warm into the urethra with a syringe In stead hereof you may also make use of another injection which is formerly prescribed Neither will it be unprofitable to apply repercussives to the genitals to hinder pain and inflammation You may also use other medicines having a faculty to consume the Caruncle amongst which these following are excellent â„ž An Emplaster used by the Surgeons of Mountpelier for Caruncles viridis aris auripig menti vitriol Rom. aluminis roch an â„¥ ii infundantur omnia in aceto acâ—rrimo atque inter duo marmora in pellinem redigantur then let it be exposed to summers â—un and dried again infused in sharp vinegar and then as before ground upon a marble so that you finde nothing sharp with your fingers lastly let it be opposed to the sun untill it may be made into most subtil powder and all the acrimony be vanished which will be commonly in eight daies space Then â„ž ol rosat â„¥ iv lythargyr â„¥ ii coquantur ad ignem quosque coierint in emplast solidae consistentiae ab igne tum semotis adde pulv predict â„¥ ii let them be mixed with a spatula and put it upon the fire untill it come to so hard a consistence that it will stick fast to a wax candle or lead wier so that it may not come off by handling with your hands The Surgeons of Montpelier use this medicine This following is another â„ž tutiae praeparatÊ’vi antimonii Ê’iii trochiâ—c alborum Rhas camphorat Another Emplaster Ê’i corticis granati aluminis usti an Ê’iss spongiae ustae ℈ ii let them be all made into powder then â„ž ung diapompholigos alb Rhasis an â„¥ ii misceantur cum praedictis pulveribus in mortario plumbeo diu agitentur let a very fine rag be spread over with this ointment How to apply it and wrapped about a wax candle and so thrust into the Vrethra and then draw forth the candle by twining it a contrary way so let the end of the rag hang out of the yard so to pluck it forth again when as you shall think it hath done what it can to the Caruncle which is when it hath covered it with the medicine with which it was spread Some also make wax candles with a slender but â—â—â—st wick whose end which is to be put to wear and consume the Caruncle is compoâ—ed of the following medicine â„ž Emplastri nigri vel dyathylouis ireati â„¥ ii pulv sabinae ocrae vitriol Rom. calcin pul mer. an Ê’ ss omnia liquescant simul ad dictum usum Whilst the cure shall be in hand by these following medicines Let the patient be careful that he so shake his yard after making water A caution in making water that he may shake forth all the reliques of the urine which may chance to stop at the Caruncles for if but one drop should stay there it would be sufficient to spoil the whole operation of the applied medicines After that the Caruncle shall be worn away and wholly consumed by the described medicines Signs that the Caruncle is worn away which you may know by the urine flowing forth freely and in a full stream and by thrusting up a Catheter into the bladder without any stoppage then it remains that the ulcers be dried and cicatrized for which purpose the following
you may also put now and then to the patients nose a nodulus made with a little vineger and water of roses camphire the powder of sanders and other odoriferous things which have a cooling faculty this also will keep the nose from pustles CHAP. III. What parts must be armed against and preserved from the Pox. THe eies nose throat lungs and inward parts ought to be kept freer from the eruption of pustles then the other parts for that their nature and consistence is more obnoxious to the malignity of this virulency and they are easilyer corrupted and blemished Therefore lest the eyes should be hurt you must defend them when you first begin to suspect the disease How to defend the eyes with the eie-lids also moistning them with rose-rose-water verjuce or vineger and a little camphire There are some also who for this purpose make a decoction of Sumach berberie-seeds pomgranate-pills aloes and a little saffron the juice of sowr pomgranates and the water of the whites of eggs dropped in with rose-water are good for the same purpose also womens milk mixed with rose-water and often renewed and lastly all such things as have a repercussive quality Yet if the eies be much swoln and red you shall not use repercussives alone When the eyes must not be defended by repercussives onely but mix therewith discussers and cleansers such as are fit by a familiarity of nature to strengthen the sight and let these be tempered with some fennel or eie-bright water Then the patient shall not look upon the light or red things for fear of pain and inflammation wherefore in the state of the disease when the pain and inflamation of the eyes are at their height gently drying and discussive things properly conduceing to the eyes are most convenient as washed aloes tutty and Antimony in the water of fennel eie-bright and roses The formerly mentioned nodulus will preserve the nose and linnen clothes dipped in the fore-said astringent decoction put in the nostrils and outwardly applied How to defend the nose We shall defend the jaws throat and throtle and preserve the integrity of the voice by a gargle of oxycrate or the juice of sowr pomgranates holding also the grains of them in their mouths How the mouth How the lungs and often rouling them up and down therein as also by nodulaes of the seeds of psilium quinces and the like cold and astringent things We must provide for the lungs and respiration by syrups of jujubes violets roses white poppies pomgranates water-lillies and the like Now when as the Pox are throughly come forth then may you permit the patient to use somewhat a freer diet and you must wholly busie your self in ripening and evacuating the matter drying and sâ—aling them But for the Meazles they are cured by resolution onely and not by suppuration the Pox may be ripened by anointing them with fresh butter by fomenting them with a decoction of the roots of mallows lillies figs line-seeds and the like After they are ripe they shall have their heads clipped off with a pair of scissers or else be opened with a golden or silver-needle How to prevent pock-arrs lest the matter contained in them should corrode the flesh that lies thereunder and after the cure leave the prints or pock-holes behinde it which would cause some deformity the pus or matter being evacuated they shall be dried up with unguent rosat adding thereto ceruss lithrarge aloes and a little saffron in powder for these have not onely a faculty to dry but also to regenerate flesh for the same purpose the flowr of barly and lupines are dissolved mixed with rose-water and the affected parts annointed therewith with a fine linnen rag some annoint them with the sward of bacon boiled in water and wine then presently strow upon them the flower of barly or lupines or both of them Others mix crude hony newly taken from the comb with barly-flower and therewithall annoint the pustles so to dry them being dried up like a scurse or scab they annoint them with oil of roses violets almonds or else with some cream that they may the sooner fall away the pustles being broken tedious itchings sollicit the patients to scratch Remedies for excoriation whence happens excoriation and filthy ulcers for scratching is the occasion of greater attraction Wherefore you shall binde â—he sick childes hands and foment the itching parts with a decoction of marsh-mallows barly and lupines with the addition of some salt But if it be already excoriated then shall you heal it with unguent album comphorat adding thereto a little powder of aloes or Cinnabaâ—is or a little desiâ—catâ—vum rubrum But if notwithstanding all your application of repelling medicines pustles nevertheless break forth at the eyes then must they be diligently cured with all manner of collyria haveing a care that the inflammation of that part grow not to that bigness as to break the eyes and that which sometimes happens to drive them forth of their proper orbs If any crusty ulcers arise in the nostrils they may be dried and caused to fall away by putting up of ointments Such as arise in the mouth palate and throat with horsness and difficulty of swallowing may be helped by gargarisms made with barly-water the waters of plantain and chervil with some syrup of roses or Diamoron dissolved therein the patient shall hold in his mouth sugar of roses or the tablets of Elect. diatragacanth frigid The Pock-arrs left in the face For the ulcers of the mouth and jaws if they bunch out undecently shall be clipped away with a pair of scissers and then annointed with fresh unguent citrin or else with this liniment â„ž amyli triticei amygdalarum excorticarum an Ê’iss gum tragacanth Ê’ss seminis melonum fabarum siccaram excorticat farniae hordei an â„¥ iiii To help the unsightly scarâ— of the face Let them all be made into fine powder and then incorporated with rose-water and so make a liniment wherewith annoint the face with a feather let it be wiped away in the morning washing the face with some water and wheat-bran hereto also conduceth lac virginale Goose ducks and capons grease are good to smooth the roughness of the skin as also of oil of lillies hares-blood of one newly killed and hot is good to fill and plain as also whiten the pock-holes if they be often rubbed therewith In stead hereof many use the sward of Bacon rubbed warm thereon also the distilled waters of bean flowers lillie-roots reed-roots egge-shels and oil of eggs are though very prevalent to waste and smooth the Pock-arrs A Discourse of certain monstrous creatures which breed against nature in the bodies of men women and little children which may serve as an induction to the ensuing discourse of worms A comparison between the bigger and lesser world The anergation of winde in mans body Of water As in the macrocosmos or bigger world so in
face resolutions of the powers and many other things Hot poisons kill sooner then cold all which are caused hy all sorts of poison Lastly no body will deny but that hot poisons may kill more speedily then cold for that they are more speedily actuated by the native heat CHAP. IX The Effects of poisons from particular venemous things and what Prognosticks may thence be made IT is the opinion of Cornelius Celsus and almost of all the Antients that the bite of every beast hath some virulency but yet some more then other-some They are most virulent that are inflicted by venemous beasts Asps Vipers Watersnakes and all kinds of Serpents Basilisks Lib. 2. cap. 27. The bites of all wilde beasts are virulent Dragons Toads mad Dogs Scorpions Spiders Bees Wasps and the like They are less malign which are of creatures wanting venom as of Horses Apes Cats Dogs not mad and many other things which though of their own nature they are without poison yet in their bites there is something more dolorifick and ill natured then in common wounds inflicted by other occasions I believe that in their slaver or sanies there is something I know not how to term it contrary to our nature The bites of a red-haired man virulent which imprints a malign quality in the ulcer which also you may observe in the tearings and scratchings of such creatures as have sharp claws as Lions and Cats Moreover many affirm that they have found by experience that the bites of men are not altogether without virulency especially of such as are red-haired and freckled chiefly when as they are angred it is probable that the bites of other persons want this malignity seeing that their spittle will cure small ulcerations Wherefore if there shall happen difficultie of cure in a wound caused by a mans biteing which is neither red haired nor freckled neither angry this happens not by means of the spittle nor by any malign quality but by reason of the contusion caused by the bluntness of the teeth not cutting but bruising the part for being not sharp they cannot so easily enter the flesh unless by bruising and tearing after the manner of heavy and blunt strokes and weapons wounds being occasioned by such are more hard to be cured then such as are made by cutting and sharp weapons Contuled wounds harder to heal then such as are cut But of the fore-said bitings of venemous creatures there are few which do not kill in a short space and almost in a moment but principally if the poison be sent into the body by a live creature for in such poison there is much heat also there is therein a greater tenuity which serves as vehicles thereto into what place or part soever of the body they tend the which the poysons taken from dead creatures are defective of Wherefore some of these kill a man in the space of an hour as the poison Asps Basilisks and Toads others not unless in two or three dayes space as of water-Snakes a Spider and Scorpion require more time to kill yet all of them admitted but in the least quantity do in a short space cause great and deadly mutations in the body as if they had breathed in a pestiferous air and with the like violence taint and change in their own nature all the members and bowels by which these same members do in the time of perfect health change laudable meats into their nature and substance The place whereas these poisonous creatures live and the time conduce to the perniciousness of the poyson for such as live in drie mountains and sun-burnt places kill more speedily then such as be in moist and marish grounds also they are more hurtful in winter then in summer and the poyson is more deadly which proceeds from hungry angry and fasting creatures then that which comes from such as are full and quiet as also that which proceeds from young things chiefly when as they are stimulated to venery is more powerful then that which comes from old and decrepit from females worse then from males from such as hve fed upon other venomous things rather then from such as have abstained from them as from snakes which have devoured toads vipers which have fed upon scorpions spiders and Caterpillers Yet the reason of the efficacy of poisons depends from their proper that is their subtil or gross consistence and the greater or less aptness of the affected body to suffer For hot men that have larger and more open veins and arteries yield the poison freer passage to the heart Therefore they which have more cold and strait vessels are longer ete they die of the like poison such as are full are not so soon harmed as those that are fasting for meats besides that by filling the vessels they give not the poison so free passage they also strengthen the heart by the multiplication of spirits so that it more powerfully resists pernicious venom If the poyson work by an occult and specifick property it causeth the cure and prognostick to be diffcult and then must we have recourse to Antidotes Why treacle retunds the force of all simple poysons as these which have their whole substance resist poysons but principally to treacle because there enter into the composition thereof medicines which are hot cold moist and dry whence it is that it retunds and withstands all poysons chiefly such as consist of a simple nature such as these which come from venemous creatures plants and minerals and which are not prepared by the detestable art of empoisoners CHAP. X. What cure must be used to the biteings and stingings of venomous beasts CUre must speedily be used without any delay to the bites and stingings of venemous beasts which may by all means disperse the poyson and keep it from entring into the body for when the principal parts are possessed it boots nothing to use medicines afterwards Therefore the Antients have propounded a double indication to lead us to the finding out of medicines in such a case to wit the evacuation of the virulent and venenate humor and the chang or alteration of the same and the affected body But seeing evacuation is of two sorts to wit universal which is by the inner parts and particular which is by the outward parts Wee must begin at the particular by such to pick medicines as are fit to draw out and retund the venom A double indication in the cure of venemous bites for we must not alwaies begin a cure with generall things as some think especially in external diseases as wounds fractures dislocations venomous bites and punctures Wherefore hereto as speedily as you may you shall apply remedies fit for the bites and punctures of venomous beasts as for example the wounds shall be presently washed with urine with sea-sea-water aqua vitae or wine or vinegar wherein old treacle or mustard shall be dissolved Lotions fit for venemous bites Let such washing be
virulent and deadly creature I think it not amiss to set down what signs follow upon their stingings Symptoms Great pain presently ariseth which continueth untill the sting left in the part is taken forth the part becomes red and swoln and there riseth a push or little blister The cure is The cure forthwith to suck the wound very hard and thereby to draw forth the stings which if they cannot thus be gotten out the place if nothing hinder is to be cut or else temper ashes with leven or oil and so apply them the part also may be very conveniently put into hot water and there fomented for an hours space and at length washed in sea-sea-water Cresses beaten and applied asswage the pain and discuss the humor causing the tumor Ox-dung macerated in oil and vineger and applied hot doth the same There are some who apply to the part the same creatures beaten as we formerly said of Scorpions beans chawed and laid to the part asswage pain Vinegar hony and salt applied exceeding hot are good if besides you dip a cloth therein and lay it upon the place sulphur vivum tempered with spittle hath the same effect The milky juice of unripe figs incorporated with hony is judged very effectual but it is much the better mixed with treacle Wasps will not sting nor bite such as anoint their bodies with the juice of mallows mixed with oil They may be quickly chased away with the fume of brimstone and such like things A wasp is said if she find a viper dead to dip her sting in the others poison The bites of Bear-worms and thence men learned to empoison the heads of their arrows The rough and hairy worms which are commonly called Bear-worms especially those which breed about a Pine-tree cause great itching redness and swelling in the part which they bite touch or grate upon very hard A remedy hereof is onions beaten with vinegar and the rest of the things formerly mentioned CHAP. XXVII Of the bite of a Spider SPiders weave webs with various art yet in these they alwaies make a lurking hole Differences of Spiders to lie in wait to catch the intrapped flies and so to prey upon them There are many sorts of Spiders one is termed Rhagium round and like a black-berry whence it taketh the name it hath a very small mouth under the midst of the belly and most short feet as if they were imperfect her bite is as painful as the sting of a Scorpion Another is called Lupus or the Wolf-Spider because she doth not only lie in wait to catch Flies but also Bees and Wasps and all such things as may flee into her Web. The third is named Myrmecion it is larger then an Ant but headed like one the body thereof is black and hath white spots or streaks running towards the back The fourth kinde may be called Vesparium in other things resembling a Wasp but that it wants the wings of a reddish colour and living only on herbs The Antients have thought their bitings to be venomous Now their poison is therefore thought to be cold because the symptoms thence arisiing are winde in the belly refrigerations of the extreme parts of the body numness in the bitten part with sense of cold and shaking The wound must forthwith be washed with very hot vineger then must you lay thereto Onions and such like things beaten then procure sweat by art as by baths and stoves yet nothing is more effectual then treacle and mithridate CHAP. XXVIII Of Cantharides and Buprestes CAntharides shine as it were with a golden colour acceptable to the eie The description of Cantharides by reason of the commixture of a blewish or greenish colour therewith yet their smell is ungrateful They are hot and dry in the fourth degree and so caustick corrosive and venomous not only by reason of their caustick quality but because of a secret antipathy Enemies to the Bladder Symptoms which they naturally have against the urinary parts which effects they produce not only if they be taken by the mouth into the body but even applied outwardly to raise blisters Such as have taken them inwardly have the taste of pitch or some thing like cedria or rosin of Cedars in their mouths it is likely that this tast proceeds from the humors dissolved by the putredinous heat in the stomach guts and liver and the vapors that there-hence arise for taken inwardly they gnaw exulcerate and burn all parts from the mouth even to the belly whence ensueth a bloody-flux excrements flowing out which resemble the washings of new-killed flesh Then follows a burning fever vertigo madness restlesness the bram being disturbed by the plenty of vapors lifted up from the corroded and burnt parts and humors which therefore when as they appear you may know the affect is uncurable In the parts appointed for the receiving and conveyance of the urine they cause a burning inflammation excoriation strong and continual erection of the yard whence ensues a bloody and painful strangury in stead of which there oftimes happens or succeeds an Ischurie or stoppage of the water whence a gangrene and mortification of the part and so in conclusion of the whole body besides When as Cantharides are taken inwardly the remedy is vomiting drinking of Cows-milk to correct the heat and driness good also to mitigate the ulcers and stay the dysenterie it is good also to inject it into the guts by glister In stead thereof salleâ—-oil or oil of sweet almonds is convenient to retund the acrimony of the poison fastned to the sides of the stomach The rest and whole cure of this poison you may learn by the following history An History A certain whore the better to enjoy the company of a young Abbot who loved her entertained him with a banquet and sprinkled divers of their cakes with the powder of Cantharides to incite him the more to venery The next day when as the Abbot cast forth pure blood at his fundament and yard which stood very stiffe he called some Physicians who presently by the fore-mentioned symptoms which were all very apparent in him The Cure understood that he had Cantharides given him wherefore they purged him upwards with vomits and downwards by glisters made with French-barly Rice a decoction of mallows seeds of line and faenugreek oil of lillies goats-suet then presently after they gave him a little treacle with a good quantity of conserve of violets which might draw the poison outwards they gave him milk to drink and caused him to use injections into the urinary passage and guts made of refrigerating things as the juice of lettuce puâ—slain cucumbers gourds melons of tough and viscid things that so they might stick the more easily and longer to the ulcerated parts as the mucilages of psilium mallows quince-seeds syrup of water-lillies poppies and violets fresh butter and oil of sweet almonds and they made him drink only barly-water or the common ptisan
before the death of the Patient drives the excremental humours which are the matter of the spots unto the skin or else because nature in the last conflict hath contended with some greater endeavour then before which is common to all things that are ready to die a little before the instant time of death the Pestilent humor being presently driven unto the skin and nature thus weakned by these extreme conflicts falleth down prostrate and is quite overthrown by the remnant of the matter CHAP. XXIX Of the cure of Eruptions and Spots They are to be cured by driving forth YOu must first of all take heed lest you drive in the humor that is coming outwards with repercussives therefore beware of cold all purging things phlebotomy and drowsie or sound sleeping For all such things do draw the humors inwardly and work contrary to nature But it is better to provoke the motion of nature outwardly by applying of drawing medicines outwardly and ministring medicines to provoke sweat inwardly for otâ—erwise by repelling and stopping the matter of the eruptions there will be great danger lest the heart be oppressed with the abundance of the venom flowing back or else by turning into the belly it infers a mortal bloudy flux which discommodities that they may be avoided I have thought good to set down this remedy whose efficacy I have known and proved many times and on divers persons when by reason of the weakness of the expulsive faculty and the thickness of the skin the matter of the spots cannot break forth but is constrained to lurk under the skin lifting it up into bunches and knobs The indication of curing taken from the like I was brought unto the invention of this remedy by comparison of the like For when I understood that the essence of the French-pox and likewise of the pestilence consisted in a certain hidden virulency and venomous quality I soon descended unto that opinion that even as by the annointing of the body with the unguent compounded of Quick-silver the gross and clammy humours which are fixed in the bones and unmovable are dissolved relaxed and drawn from the center into the superficial parts of the body by strengthening and stirring up the expulsive faculty and evacuated by sweating and fluxing at the mouth that so it should come to pass in pestilent Fevers that nature being strengthened with the same kind of unction might unload herself of some portion of the venomous and pestilent humor by opening the pores and passages and â—etting it break forth into spots and pustles and into all kind of eruptions Therefore I have anointed many in whom nature seemed to make passage for the venomous matter very slowly first looâ—ing their belly with a glyster and then giving them Treacle-water to drink which might defend the vital faculty of the heart but yet not distend the stomach as though they had the French-pox and I obtained my expected purpose In stead of the treacle-Treacle-water you may use the decoction of Guaicum which doth heat dry provoke sweat and repel putrefactioâ— adding thereto also Vinegar that by the subtilty thereof it may pierce the better and withstand the putrefaction This is the description of the unguent An ointment to draw them forth when as they appear too slowly Take of Hogs-grease one pound boil it a little with the leaves of Sage Thime Rosemary of each half an handful strain it and in the straining extinguish five ounces of Quick-silver which hath been first boyled in Vinegar with the fore-mention herbs of Sal Nitrum three drams the yelks of three eggs boyled until they be hard of Treacle and Mithridate of each half an ounce of Venice-Turpentine oyl of Scorpions and Bayes of each three ounces incorporate them altogether in a mortar and make thereof an unguent wherewith annoint the Patients arm-holes and groins avoiding the parts that belong to the head breast and back-bone then let him be laid in his bed and covered warm and let him sweat there for the space of two hours and then let his body be wiped and cleansed and if it may be let him be laid in another bed and there let him be refreshed with the decoction of a Capon reer eggs and with such like meats of good juyce that are easie to be concocted and digested let him be annointed the second and third day unless the spots appear before If the Patient flux at the mouth it must not be stopped when the spots and pustles do all appear and the Patient hath made an end of sweating it shall be convenient to use diuretick medicines for by these the remnant of the matter of the spots which happily could not all breath forth may easily be purged and avoided by urine If any Noble or Gentlemen refuse to be annointed with this unguent let them be enclosed in the body of a Mule or Horse that is newly killed and when that is cold let them be laid in another until the pustles and eruptions do break forth being drawn by that natural heat For so Matthiolus writeth In pâ—oaem lib. 6. Diâ—sc that Valentinus the son of Pope Alexander the sixt was delivered from the danger of most deadly poyson which he had drunk GHAP. XXX Of a pestilent Bubo or Plague-sore A Pestilent Bubo is a tumor at the beginning long and moveable and in the state What a pestilent Bubo is and full perfection copped and with a sharp head unmoveable and fixed deeply in the glandules or kernels by which the brain exonerates it self of the venomous and pestiferous matter into the kernels that are behinde the ears and in the neck the heart into those that are in the arm-holes and the Liver into those that are in the groin that is when all the matter is gross and clammy so that it cannot be drawn out by spots and pustles breaking out on the skin and so the matter of a Carbuncle is sharp and so fervent that it maketh an Eschar on the place where it is fixed In the beginning while the Bubo is breeding it maketh the patient to feel as if it were a cord or rope stretched out in the place or a hardned nerve with pricking pain and shortly after the matter is raised up as it were into a knob and by little and little it groweth bigger and is inflamed these accidents before mentioned accompanying it If the tumor be red The signs of Buboes salutary and deadly and increase by little and little it is a good and salutary sign but if it be livid or black and come very slowly unto his just bigness it is a deadly sign It is also a deadly signe if it increase suddenly come to his just bigness as it were with a swift violence and as in a moment have all the symptoms in the highest excess as pain swelling and burning Buboes or Sores appear sometimes of a natural colour like unto the skin and in all other things like unto an oedematous tumor which
notwihstanding will suddenly bring the patient to destruction like those that are black wherefore it is not good to trust too much to those kinds of tumors CHAP. XXXI Of the cure of Buboes or Plague-sores SO soon as the Bubo appears apply a Cupping-glass with a great flame unto it The use of cupping-glasses in curing of a Bubo unless it be that kinde of Bubo which will suddenly have all the accidents of burning and swelling in the highest nature but first the skin must be anointed with the oil of Lillies that so it being made more loose the Cupping-glass may draw the stronger and more powerfully it ought to stick to the part for the space of a quarter of an hour and be renewed and applied again every three quarters of an hour for so at length the venom should be the better drawn forth from any noble part that is weak the work of suppuration or resolution which so ever nature hath assailed will the better and sooner be absolved and perfected which may be also done by the application of the following ointment Take of Vnguentum Dialthaea one ounce and a half oil of Scorpions half an ounce of Mithridate dissolved in Aqua vitae half a dram this liniment will very well relax and loosen the skin open the pores thereof and spend forth portion of the matter which the Cupping-glass hath drawn thither in stead thereof mollifying fomentations may be made and other drawing and suppurating medicines which shall be described hereafter A visicatory applyed in a meet place below the Bubo profits them very much but not above A liniment as for example If the Bubo be in the throat the Vesicatory must be applied unto the shoulder blade on the same side if it be in the arm-holes it must be applied in the midst of the arm or of the shoulder-bone on the inner side if in the groin in the midst of the thigh on the inner side that by the double passage that is open for to draw out the matter the part wherein the venom is gathered together may be the better exonerated Spurge Crow-foot Arsmart Bear-foot Briony the middle bark of Travellers-joy the rindes of Mullet Flammula or upright Virgins-power are fit for raising blisters If you cannot come by those simple medicines you may apply this which followeth which may be prepared at all times Take Cantharides Pepper Euphorbium Pellitory of Spain of each half a dram A compound vesicatory of sower leaven two drams of Mustard one dram and a little Vinegar the vinegar is added thereto to withhold or restrain the vehemency of the Cantharides but in want of this medicine it shall suffice to drop scalding oil or water or a burning candle or to lay a burning coal on the place for so you may raise blisters which must presently be cut away and you must see that you keep the ulcers open and flowing as long as you can by applying the leaves of red-colworts Beets or Ivy dipped in warm water and annointed with oil or fresh butter Some apply Cauteries Why vesicatories are better then cauteries in a pestilent Bubo but Vesicatories work with more speed for before the Eschar of the Cauteries will fall away the patient may die therefore the ulcers that are made with Vesicatories will suffice to evacuate the pestilent venom because that doth work rather by its quality then by its quantity Let the abscess be fomented as is shewed before and then let the medicine following which hath vertue to draw be applied Fill a great onion being hollowed with Treacle and the leaves of Rue Strong drawing cataplasmes then rost it under the hot Embers beat it with a little Leaven and a little Swines-grease and so apply it warm unto the abscess or sore let it be changed every six hours Or take the roots of Marsh-mallows and Lillies of each half a pound of Line Fenugreek and mustard-seeds of each half an ounce of Treacle one dram ten Figs and as much Hogs-grease as shall suffice make thereof a cataplasm according to Art Or take of Onions and Garlick rosted in the Embers of each three ounces bruise them with one ounce of sowr leaven adding thereto Vnguentum Basilicon one ounce Treacle one dram Mithridate half a dram of old Hogs-grease one ounce of Cantharides in powder one scruple of Pigeons-dung two drams beat them and mix them together into the form of a cataplasm Hereunto old Rennet is very profitable for it is hot and therefore attractive being mixed with old Leaven and Basilicon you ought to use these until the abscess be grown unto its full ripeness and bigness but it presently after the beginning there be great inflammation with sharp pain as it often happeneth especially when the abscesses be of the kinde of Carbuncles we must abstain from those remedies that are hot and attractive and also from those that are very emplastick and clammy because they do altogether close the pores of the skin or because they resolve the thinner part of the collected matter which if it might remain would bring the other sooner to suppuration or else because they may perchance draw more quantity of the hot matter then the part can bear whereof cometh rather corruption then maturation and last of all because they increase the fever and pain which infer the danger of a Convulsion or mortal Gangrene Therefore in such a case it is best to use cold and temperate local medicines as the leaves of Henbane and Sortel rosted under the coals Galen's pultise and such like Against such as cut away Plague-sores There are many that for fear of death have with their own hands pulled away the Bubo with a pair of Smiths-pincets others have digged the flesh round about it and so gotten it wholly out And to conclude others have become so mad that they have thrust an hot iron into it with their own hand that the venom might have a passage forth of all which I do not allow one for such abscesses do not come from without as the bitings of virulent beasts but from within and moreover because pain is by these means increased and the humor is made more malign and fierce Therefore I think it sufficient to use medicines that relax open the pores of the skin and digest portion of the venom by transpiration A digestive fomentaâ—ion as are these that follow Take the roots of Marsh-mallows and Lillies of each six ounces of Camomil and Melilot-flowers of each half a handful of Lin-seeds half an ounce of the leaves of Rue half an handful boil them and strain them dip sponges in the straining An anodyne Cataplasm and therewith let the tumor be fomented along time Or take the crum of hot bread and sprinkle it with Treacle-water or with Aqua-vitae and Cows-milk or Goats-milk and the yelks of three Eggs put them all on stupes or flax and apply them warm unto the place Or take of sowr Rie-leaven
four ounces of Basilicon two ounces three yelks of egs oil of Lillies two ounces Treacle one dram let it be received on stupes and applied in like manner Or take of Diachylon and Basilicon of each two ounces oil of Lillies one ounce and an half let them be melted and mixed tegether and let it be applyed as is abovesaid When you see feel and know according to reason that the Bubo is come to perfect suppuration it must be opened with an incision-knife Why it is best to open a plague sore with a potential cautery or an actual or potential Cautery but it is best to be done with a potential Cautery unless that happily there be great inflammation because it doth draw the venom from beneath unto the superficial parts and maketh a larger orifice for the matter that is contained therein neither must it be looked for that nature should open it of her self for then there were danger that lest while nature doth work slowly a venomous vapour should be stirred up which striking the heart by the arteries the brain by the nerves and the liver by the veins should cause a new increase of the venomous infection For fear whereof there be some that will not expect the perfect maturation and suppuration but as it were in the midst of the crudity and maturity will make an orifice for it to pass forth at yet if it be done before the tumour be at his perfect maturity pain a Fever and all accidents are stirred up and enraged whereof cometh a malign ulcer that often degenerates into a Gangrene For the most part about the tenth or eleventh day the work of suppuration seemeth perfected and finished but it may be sooner or later by reason of the application of medicines the condition of the matter and state of the part when the matter cometh forth you must yet use suppurative and mollifying medicines to maturate the remains thereof in the mean while clensing the ulcer by putting mundificatives into it as we shall declare in the cure of Carbuncles But if the tumor seem to sink in How to draw forth a sore that sâ—ems to go in again or hide it self again it must be revoked and procured to come forth again by applying of Cupping glasses with scarification and with sharp medicines yea and with Cauteries both actual and potential When the Cauteries are applied it shall be very good to apply a vesicatory a little below it that there might be some passage open for the venom while the Eschar is in falling away For so they that are troubled with the French-Pox so long as they have open and flowing ulcers so long are they void of any pain that is worth the speaking of which ulcers being closed and cicatrized they do presently complain of great pain If you suspect that the Bubo is more malign by reason that it is of a green or black and inflamed colour as are those that come of a melancholick humour by adustion turned into a gross and rebellious melancholick humour so that by the more copious influx thereof into the part there is a danger of a gangrene and mortification then the places about the abscess must be armed with repercussives When repercussives may be applyed but not the abscess it self and this may be the form of the repercussives Take of the juice of Hous-leek Purslain Sorâ—el Night-shade or each two ounces of Vinegar one ounce the whites of three eggs of oil of Roses and water-Lillies of each two ounces and a half stir them together apply it about the Bubo and renew it often or boil a Pomgranat in vinegar beaâ— it with Vnguentum Rosatum or Populeon newly made and apply it as is aforesaid If these things do not stop the influx of other humors the abscess it self and the places about it must be scarified round about if the part will permit it that the part exorerated of portion of the venom may not stand in danger of the extinction of the proper and natural heat by the greater quantity and malignity of the humors that flow unto it In scaâ—ifying you must haâ—e care of great vessels for fear of an irrepugnable flux of blood which in this case Why too much bleeding is to be feared is very hard to be stayed or resisted both because the part it self is greatly inflamed and the humor very fierce for the expulsion whereof nature careful for the preservation of the part and all the body besides seemeth to labour and worke But yet you must suffer so much of the blood and humor to flow out as the patient is able to abide without the loss of his strength Moreover you may spend forth the superfluous portion of the malignity with relaxing mollifying and resolving fomentations as Take the roots of Marsh-Mallows Lillies and Elecampane of each one pound of Line-seeds and Fenugreek of each one ounce of Fennel-seeds and Anise-seeds of each half an ounce of the leaves oâ— Rue Sage Rosemary of each one handful of Camomile and Melilot-flowers of each three handfuls boil them all together and make thereof a decoction for a fomentation use it with a sponge according to Art Also after the aforesaid scarification we may put Hens or Turkies that lay egs which therefore have their fundaments more wide and open and for the same purpose put a little salt into their fundaments upon the sharp top of the Bubo that by shutting their bills at several times they may draw and suck the venom into their bodies far more strongly and better then cupping-glasses because they are endued with a natural property against poyson for they eat and concoct Toads Efts and such like virulent beasts when one Hen is killed with the poyson that shee hath drawn into her body you must apply another and then the third fourth fifth and sixt within the space of half an hour There be some that will rather cut them or else use whelps cut asunder in the midst and applyed warm to the place that by the heat of the creature that is yet scarce dead portion of the venom may be dissipated and exhaled But if nevertheless there be any fear of a Gangrene at hand you must cut the flesh with a deeper scarification not only avoiding the great vessels but also the nerves for fear of convulsion and after the scarification and a sufficient flux of blood you must wash it with Aegyptiacum Treacle and Mithridate dissolved in sea-sea-water aqua vitae and Vinegar For such a lotion hath virtue to stay putrefaction repel the venom and prohibit the blood from concretion but if the Gangrene cannot be avoided so cauteries may be applyed to the part especially actual because they do more effectually repel the force of the poyson and strengthen the part Presently after the impression of the hot Iron Liniments to hasten the falling away of the Eschar the Eschar must be cut away even unto the quick-flesh that the venomous vapours and
decoction of Quince Medlars Cervices Mulberries Bramble-berries and the like things endued with a faculty to binde and wast the excrementitious humidities of the body these waters shall be mixed with syrup of red Currants Ointments jul p of Roses and the like Let the region of the stomach and belly be annointed with oil of Mastich Moschatelium Myrtles and Quince Also cut of bread newly drawn forth of the oven and steeped in vinegar and Rose-water may be profitably applied or else a cataplasm of red Roses Sumach Berberâ—es Myrtles the pulp oâ— Quinces Mastich Bean-flower and hony of Roses made up with Calideate-water Clyster to stay a flux Anodyne abstergent astringent consolidating and nourishing Clysters shall be injected These following retund the acrimony of humors and asswage pain â„ž fol. lâ—ctuc hyâ—sc aceâ—â—s pâ—riuâ—an m. i. fter violâ—r nenuph. an â„¥ i ss fiâ—t clyster Or else â„ž râ—s rut hâ—râ— muna sem piant an p. i. fiat de câ—ctio in câ—â—atura â—ade â—â—e râ—s â„¥ ii vite â—vâ—r ii fiat clyster Or â„ž decoctionis câ—pi crur. viteâ—â—â— câ—pit vâ—rvicin unà cum pelle lb. ii in qua â—â—quantur fol. violâ—r mâ—â—iv mercur planteg an m i. hâ—ra mund â„¥ i. quatuor sem frigid major â„¥ ss in coâ—â—turae lb ss dissolvâ— câ—ss reventer exirâ—ct â„¥ i. ol vici â„¥ iv vitell r. over ii sacc rub â„¥ i. fiat clyster Or â„ž far chamam meâ—â—neth in p. â— rad lismal â„¥ i. fiat decoctio in lacte colaturâ—â—â—dde mucâ—g sem lin faenugraexiract in aquâ maâ—v â„¥ ii saccar rub â„¥ â— olei cham aneth an â„¥ i ss vitellâ—r â—ver ii fiat clyster Such Clysters must be long kept that they may more readily mitigate pain When shaving of the guts appear in the stools it is an argument that there is an ulcer in the guts therefore then we must use detergent and consolidating glysters A Clyster for uâ—ceraced guts as this which follows â„ž herdei integr p. ii râ—s ruâ— fâ—r chamoem plantag â—pit an p. i. fiat decoctio in colaturâ dissolve melits rasat syr de a. sinth an â„¥ ss viteâ— â—ver ii This following glyster consolidateth â„ž succi plantag centinea pertulac an â„¥ ii â— â—mâ—n sarg aracâ—n â—myl an Ê’i seâ—i hiâ—cini dissoluti Ê’ii fiat câ—yster Also Cows-milk boiled with Plantain A very astringent Clyster and mixed with syrup of Roses is an excellent medicine for the ulcerated guts This following glyster bindes â„ž caud equin plantpolygon an m. i. fiat decoctio in lacte ustulato ad quart iii. in calaturâ adde boli armen sâ—gil sang dracen Ê’ii aellumina quatuor over fiat clyster Or. else â„ž suc plant arnâ—glâ—s câ—ntined partulac residentia fâ—cta depura crum quantumufficit pro clystere addendo pul boli armani terrae sigil sang dracon anÊ’i cl myrrh rosat an â„¥ ii fiat clyster If pure blood flow forth of the guts I could wish you to use stronger astrictives To which purpose I much commend a decoction of Pomegranat-pils of Cypress-nuts red Rose leaves Sumâ—ch Alum and Vitriol made with Smiths water and so made into glysters without any oil It will be good with the same decoction to foment the fundament perinaeum and the whole belly A nourishing C yster Astringent Clysters ought not to be used before that the noxious humors be drawn away and purged by purging medicines otherwise by the stoppage hereof the body may chance to be oppressed If the patient be so weak that he cannot take or swallow any thing by the mouth nutritive glysters may be given him â„ž decoctionis capi pinguis crur. vitulini coct cum acetosa buglossâ— beragiâ— lactuca pimpinellâ â„¥ x. vel xii in quibus dissolve vitâ—llos overum nu iii. saccarirosati aquae vitae an â„¥ i. butyri recenâ—is non sality Ê’ii fiat clyster CHAP. XLI Of evacuation by insensible transpiration Tumors are oft-â—imes discussed by the force of nature after they are suppurated THe pestilent malignity as it is oft-times drawn by the pores by transpiration into the body so oft-times it is sent forth invisibly the same way again For our native heat that is never idle in us disperseth the noxious humors attenuate into vapours and air through the unperceiveable breathing-places of the skin An argument hereof is we see that the tumors and abscesses against nature even when they are come to suppuration are oft-times resolved and discussed by the only efficacy of nature and heat without any help of art Therefore there is no doubt but that nature being prevalant may free it self from the pestilent malignity by transpiration some Abscess Bubo or carbuncle being come forth and some matter collected in some certain part of the body For when as nature and the native heat are powerful and strong nothing is impossible to it especially when the passages are also in like manner free and open CHAP. XLII How to cure Infants and Children taken with the Plague IF that it happen that sucking or weaned children be infected with the pestilence they must be cured after another order then is yet described The Nurse of the sucking Childe must govern her self so in diet and the use of medicines The nurs must be dieted when as the childe is sick as if shee were infected with the pestilence her self Her diet consisteth in the use of the six things not natural Therefore let it be moderate for the fruit or profit of that moderation in diet cannot chuse but come unto the Nurses milk and so unto the infant that liveth by the milk And the Infant it self must keep the same diet as near as he can in sleep waking and expulsion or avoiding of superfluous humors and excrements of the body Let the narse be fed with those things that mitigate the violence of the severish heat as cooling broths cooling herbs and meats of a moderate temperature shee must wholly abstain from wine and annoint her nipples as often as shee giveth the Infant suck with water or juice of Sorrel tempered with Sugar of Roses But the Infants heart must be fortified against the violence of the increasing venom by giving it one scruple of Treacle in Nurses milk the broth of a Pallet or some other cordial water It is also very necessary to annoint the region of the heart the emanctories and both the wrists with the same medicine neither were it unprofitable to smell often unto Treacle dissolved in rose-Rose-water vinegar of Roses and a little Aqua vitae that so nature may be strengthened against the malignity of the venom When the children are weaned and somewhat well grown they may take medicines by the mouth Medicines may be given to such as are weaned for when they are able to concoct and turn into blood meats that are more gross and firm then milk they may easily actuate a gentle medicine Therefore a potion must be prepared for them of twelve
the consumption of a third part then the Squinath must be bruised the Feverfew and the Staechas cut small and they being added to be boiled to the consumption of one pint and being boiled sufficiently the decoction being cooled shall be strained and kept and the Litharge is to be infused for twelve hours in the oil of Camomil dill Lilies and the axungia's above spoken of Then boil them all with a gentle fire by and by taking Saffron from the fire and add one quart of the decoction above spoken of then set it to the fire again that the decoction may be consumed and then by degrees add to the rest of the decoction the oil of spike shall be reserved unto the last which may give the plaster a good smell Then are added the juices of walwurt and enula which must be boiled untill they be wasted away Afterwards it being taken from the fire to the composition is added the Franincense and euphorbium and white wax as much as shall suffice When the whole mass shall cool then at last is mingled the quick-silver exstinct tutpentine oil of bitter almonds baies spike of line styrax and axungia being continually stirred and it shall be made up upon a stone into rolls Unless the quick-silver be well extinguished it will run all into one place and unless you tarry untill the composition cool it will vapor away in fume â„ž croci Ê’ii bdelli mastich ammon styrac liquid an â„¥ ss cerae alb lb ss tereb â„¥ vi medul Cerarum oesipi ex Philagrio cruris vaccae adipis anserini an â„¥ i. oesipi vel si desit axung gallin â„¥ ix clei nard quantum satis ad magdaleones formandos expressionis scillae â„¥ i ss olibani sevi vitul â„¥ i. The aesipus sepum adeps medulla cera are to be dissolved together when they cool add the ammoniacum dissolved in the decoction of fenugreek and camomil half an ounce and so much juice of squills then put to the styrax and turpentine stirring them continually then add the bdellium olibanum mastich aloes brought into fine powder and when they are perfectly incorporated into a mass let them be made up with oleum nardinum into rolls â„ž terebinth lb ss resin lbi cer alb â„¥ iv mastich â„¥ i. fol. verbin betonic pimpinel an m. i. De gratia Dei The herbs being green the tops are to be cut and bruised in a stone-mortar and boiled in red wine to the consumption of one third part To the strained liquor add wax cut into small pieces and being dissolved by the fire the liquor being consumed put to the rosin when it shall cool add the Mastich powdred working it with your hands by which it may be incorporated with the rest of the things â„ž succi beton plantag apii an lb i. cerae picis resin tereb ana lb. ss fiat empl De janua seu de Betonica The juices are to be mingled with the wax being dissolved and boiling them untill three parts be consumed add the rosin and pitch which being dissolved and hot must be strained and then add the turpentine and make up the plaster â„ž croci picis com or rather picis navalis Emplastrum oxycroceum because this emplaster is used to discuss and draw forth the matter which causeth the pain in the joints coloph. cerae an â„¥ ii tereb galb ammon thuris myrrhae mastich an Ê’ v ss The cera pix and colophonia are by little and little to be dissolved to which add the gums dissolved according to art and mingled with the terebinth and taking it from the fire add the thus myrrha and at last the crocus in fine powder and then make it into rowls up with oil of worms â„ž ol com lb ii cerus subtilis lb i. boil them together with a gentle fire De cerussá stirring them up continually untill they come to the body of an emplaster if you would have the plaster whiter take but â„¥ ix of the oil â„ž litharg irit acet fortis an lb. ss ol antiq lb. i. fiat emplastrum Tripharmacumâ— seu nigrum let the oil be mingled with the litharge for the space of twelve hours then boil them to a good consistence putting in the vinegar by little and little but you shall not take it from the fire untill the vinegar be quite wasted away Diapalma seu diatalcith os â„ž ol vet lb. iii. axung vet sine sale lb ii litharg trit lb iii. vitriol â„¥ iv let the oil be mingled with the litharge for the space of twelve hours and boil them to a good consistence then add to the axungia stirring them continually with a spatter made of the palm-tree reed or willow and being sufficiently boiled take it from the fire and add the vitriol in fine powder Contra ruptâ— raâ— â„ž picis naval aloes an â„¥ iii. litharg cerae coloph. galban ammoniac an â„¥ ii visci querni â„¥ vi gypsi ust utriusque aristoloch ana â„¥ iv myrrhae thuris an â„¥ vi tereb â„¥ ii pulveris vermium terrestrium gallar utriusqae consolid vol. arm an â„¥ iv sang humani lb i. fiat emplast If you would have iâ— of a very good conâ—stence you may add of the oil of myrtils or mastich lb ss you shall make it thus Take the skin of a Ram cut in pieces and boil it in an hundred pints of water and vinegar untill it come to a glue of stiff gelly in which you shall dissolve the visc quer then add the pitch and was broken into small pieces and if you will you may add the oil with them afterwards the galban and ammâ—â—â— dissolved in vinegar being mingled with the terebinth may be added Then add 〈…〉 â—gypsâ—â—m bol aristoloch consolida vermes sang human At last the myrrh thus colophon and alâ—â— â—â—â—ing them continually and that they may be the better mingled work the plaster with a hot peâ—â—il in a mortar De muâ—aginibus â„ž mâ—â—ag sâ—m liniâ—rad alth faenug median cortices ulmi an â„¥ iv olei liliacei cham aneth an â„¥ i ss ammon opopâ—â—â— sagap ana â„¥ ss croci Ê’ ii cerae nov lb ss tereb â„¥ ss fiat emplast Fernelius haâ—h â„¥ xx of wax â—â—e waxâ—â—eâ—ng cut sm ll must be mingled with the oils and the mucilages stirring them continuaâ—â—y with a wooden spatter till the liquor be consumed Then the gums dissolved and mingled with the â—â—binâ—â—â—ma must be added and last of all the saffron finely powdered De minio â„ž ol ros myrtil ung populeon ana â„¥ iv pinguedinis gallin â„¥ ii sebi arietis castrati sepi vaccini an â„¥ vi pingued porci â„¥ x. litharg auri argenti ana â„¥ iii. cerus â„¥ iv minii â„¥ iii. tereb â„¥ iv cerae q s fiat emplastrum vel ceratum mâ—lle The lithargyros cerussa and minium are to be brought into fine powder severally being sprinkled with a little rosewater lest the
finest of it should fly away these being mingled with the oil of roses and myrtles with a gentle fire may be boiled untill they come to the consistence of hony then add the axungia's and boil them till the whole grow black after add the sebum and that being dissolved take it from the fire and then add the unguentum populeon and some wax if there be need and so bring it to the form of a plaster Diachyloâ— magnum â„ž litharg puri pul â„¥ xii ol irin chamaem aneth an â„¥ viii mucag sem lini faenug rad alth ficuum ping uvar. passar succi ireos scillae oesipi icthyocollae an Ê’ vii ss tereb â„¥ iii. res pini cerae flavae an â„¥ ii fiat emplastrum The litharge is to be mingled with the oil before it be set to the fire then by a gentle fire it is to be boiled to a just consistence after the mucilage by degrees must be put in which being consumed the juices must be added and the icthyocolla and they being wasted too then put to the wax rosin then taking the whole from the fire add the oesipus and terebinthina The use of plasters We use plasters when we would have the remedy stick longer and firmer to the part and would not have the st ength of the medicament to fly away or exhale too suddenly CHAP. XXVIII Of Cataplasms and Pultisses The matter of cataplasms CAtaplasms are not much unlike to emplasters less properly so called for they may be spread upon linnen cloths and stoups like them and so applied to the grieved parts They are composed of roots leaves fruits flowers seeds herbs juices oils fats marrows meals rosins Of these some must be boiled others crude The boiled are made of herbs boiled tender and so drawn forth an hair-searse adding oils and axungias thereto The crude are made of herbs beaten or their juices mixed with oil and flower or other powders appropriate to the part oâ— disease as the Physician shall think fit The quantity of medicines entring these compositions can scarce be defined for that they must be varied as we would have the composition of a softer or harder body Their use Verily they ought to be more gross and dense when as we desire to ripen any thing but more soft and liquid when we endeavor to discuss We use cataplasms to asswage pain digest discuss and resolve unnatural tumors and flatulencies They ought to be moderately hot and of subtill parts so to attract and draw forth yet their use is suspected the body being not yet purged for thus they draw down more matter into the affected part Neither must we use these when as the matter that is to be discussed is more gross and earthy for thus the subtler parts will be only discussed Lib. 2. ad Glauc â—bid sciâ—ho and the gross remain impact in the part unless your cataplasm be made of an equal mixture of things nor only discussing but also emollient as it is largely handled by Galen An anodyne cataplasm A ripening cataplasm A discussing cataplasm How Pultisses differ from cataplasms This shall be largely illustrated by examples As â„ž medul panis lb ss decâ—quantur in lacte pingui adde olei chamaem â„¥ ss axung galin â„¥ i. fiat cataplasma Or â„ž rad alth â„¥ iii. fol. malv. senecionis an m i. sem lini fenug an Ê’ ii ficus ping nu vi decoquantur in aqua per setaceum transmittantur addendo â—lei lilior â„¥ i. far bord â„¥ ii axung porcini â„¥ i ss fiat cataplasma Or â„ž far fab â—roh an â„¥ ii pulv chamaem melil an Ê’ iii. ol â—rin amydg amar an â„¥ i. succi rut â„¥ ss fiat cataplasma Pultisses differ not from cataplasms but that they usually consist of meals boiled in oil water hony or axungia Pultisses for the ripening of tumors are made of the flowr of barly wheat and milk especially in the affects of the entrails or else to dry and binde of the meal of rice lentils or Orobus with vinegar or to cleanse and they are made of hony flour of beans and lupines adding thereto some old oil or any other oil of hot quality and so make a discussing pultis Also anodyne pultisses may be made with milk as thus for exampleâ— A ripening cataplasm â„ž farin triticiae â„¥ ii misce panis purissimi â„¥ iii. decequantur in lacte fiat pulticula â„ž farin hordei fab an â„¥ ii far oreb â„¥ iii. decoquantur in hydromelete addendo meliis quart i. olei amyg amar â„¥ ii fiat pulticula We use pultises for the same purpose as we do cataplasms to the affects both of the internal and external parts We sometimes use them for the killing of worms and such as are made of the meal of Lupines boiled in vineger with an oxes gall or in a decoction of wormwood and other such like bitter things CHAP. XXIX Of Fomentations A Fotus or fomentation is an evaporation or hot lotion chiefly used to mollifie relax and asswage pain consisting of medicines having these faculties A fomentation commonly useth to be moist being usually made of the same things as embrocations to wit of roots seeds flowers boiled in water or wine The roots here used are commonly of mallows marsh-mallows and lillies The seeds are of mallows marsh-mallows parsley smallage line fenugreek Flowers are of camomil melilot figs raisins and the like all which are to be boiled in wine water or Lye to the consumption of the third part or the half as â„ž Rad. alth lil an â„¥ ii sem lini foenug cumin an Ê’ iii. flo cham melil aneth an p i. summit orig m. ss bulliant in aequis partibus aquae vini aut in duabus partibus aquae una vini aut in Lixivio cineris sarmentorum ad tertiae partis consumptionem fiat fotus In imitation hereof you may easily describe other fomentations as occasion and necessity shall require We use fomentations before we apply cataplasms ointments or plasters to the part Their use that so we may open the breathing places or pores of the skin relax the parts attenuate the humor that thus the way may be the more open to the following medicines The body being first purged fomentations may be used to what parts you please They may be applied with a female-spunge for it is gentler and softer then the male with felt woollen cloaths or the like dipped in the warm decoction wrung out and often renewed otherwise you may fill a Swines bladder half full especially in pains of the sides of the decoction or else a stone-bottle so to keep hot the longer 2. De victu in acuâ—is yet so that the bottle be wrapped in cotton wool or the like soft thing that so it may not by the hardness and roughness offend the part according to Hippocrates CHAP. XXX Of Embrocations AN Embroche or Embrocation is a watering
What an Embrocation iâ— when as from an high we as it were showâ— down some moisture upon any part This kinde of remedy is chiefly used in the parts of the head and it is used to the coronal future for that the skul is more thin in that part so that by the spiracula or breathing places of this future more open then chose of the other futures the force of the medicine may more easily penetrate unto the Meninges or membranes of the brain The matter of Embrocations is roots leaves flowers seeds fruits and other things according to the intention and will of the Physician They are boiled in water and wine to the half or third part Embrocations may also be made of Lye or Bâ—ine against the cold and humid affects of the brain Sometimes of oyl and vineger otherwhiles of oyl only â„ž fol. plantag solan an m. i. sem portul cucurb an Ê’ ii myrtil Ê’ i. flor nymph ros an p. ss fiat decoct ad lb i. cum aceti â„¥ ii si alte subeundem sit ex qua irrigetur pars inflammata In affects of the brain when we would repercuss we often and with good success use oyl of Roses with a fourth part of vineger We use Embrocations Their use that together with the air drawn into the body by the Diastole of the arteries the subtler part of the humor may penetrate and so cool the inflamed part for the chief use of Embrocations is in hot affects Also we use Embrocations when as for fear of an haemorrhagy or the slying asunder of a broken or dislocated member we dare not loose the bondages wherein the member is bound For then we drop down some decoction or oyl from high upon the bondages that by these the force of the medicine may enter into the affected member CHAP. XXXI Of Epithemes EPithema or an Epitheme is a composition used in the diseases of the parts of the lower middle belly like to a fomentation not much unlike an embrocation What an Epitheme is They are made of waters juices and powders by means whereof they are used to the heart chest liver and other parts Wine is added to them for the more or less penetration as the condition of the hot or cold affect shall seem to require for if you desire to heat more wine must be added as in swooning by the clotting of blood by the corruption of the seed by drinking some cold poison the contrary is to be done in a fainting by dissipation of the spirits by feverish heats also vineger may be added The matter of the medicines proper to the entrails is formerly described yet we commonly use the species of electuaries as the species elect triasantali the liver being affected In the sixth Chapter and Diamargariton in affects of the heart The proportion of the juices or liquors to the powders uses to be this to every pinte of them â„¥ i. or â„¥ iss of these of wine or else of vineger â„¥ i. You may gather this by the following example A cordial Epitheme â„ž aqu ros bugl borag an â„¥ iii. succi scabios â„¥ ii pul elect diamarg. frigid Ê’ii cort citri sicciÊ’i coral ros ebor an Ê’ ss sem citri card ben an Ê’ii ss croci moschi an gra 5. addendo vini albi â„¥ ii fiat Epithema pro corde Their use Epithemes are profitably applied in hectick and burning fevers to the liver heart and chest if so be that they be rather applied to the region of the lungs then of the heart for the heat of the lungs being by this means tempered the drawn in air becomes less hot in the pestilent and drying fevers They are prepared of humecting refrigerating and cordial things so to temper the heat and recreate the vital faculty Sometimes also we use Epithemes to strengthen the heart and drive there-hence venenate exhalations lifted or raised up from any part which is gangrenate or sphacelate Some cotton or the like steeped or moistened with such liquors and powders warmed is now and then to be applied to the affected entrail this kinde or remedy as also all other topick particular medicines ought not to be used unless you have first premised general things CHAP. XXXII Of Potential Cauteries The use of potential cauteries THat kinde of Pyrotick which is termed a Potential Cautery burns and causeth an eschar The use of these kindes of cauteries is to make evacuation derivation revulsion or attraction of the humors by those parts whereto they are applied Wherefore they are often and with good success used in the punctures and bites of venemous beasts in a venemous as also in a pestilent Bubo and Carbuncle unless the inflammation be gâ—eat for the fire doth not only open the part but also retunds the force of the poison calls forth and plentifully evacuates the conjunct matter Also they are good in phlegmatick and contumacions tumors for by their heat they take away the force and endeavours of our weak heat Also they are profitably applied to stanch bleeding or eat or waste the superfluous flesh of ulcers and wens to bring down the callous lips of ulcers and other things too long here to insist upon The ma ter of them The materials of these Cauteries are Oke-ashes Pot-ashes the ashes of Tartar of Tithymals or spurges the Fig-tree the stalks of Coleworts and beans cuttings of Vines as also sal ammoniacum alkali axungia vitri sal nitrum Roman Vitrol and the like for of these things there is made a salt which by its heat is caustick and escharotiâ—â— like to an hot iron and burning coal Therefore it violently looses the continuity by eating into the skin together with the flesh there-under I have thought good here to give you divers forms of them The forms of them Take of unquenâ—ht Lime extinguished in a bowl of Barbers Lye three pounds When the Lye is settled let it be strained and into the straining put of Axungia vitri or Sandiver calcined Argol of each two pounds of Sal nitrum ammoniacum of each four ounces these things must be beaten into a gross powder then must they be boiled over the fire and after the boiling let them remain in the Lye for four and twenty hours space being often stirred about and then strained through a thick and double linnen-cloth lest any of the earthly dross get thorow together with the liquor This strained liquor which is as clear as water they call Capiteum and they put it in a brasen Basin such as barbers use and so set it upon the fire and assoon as it boils they keep it with continual stirring lest the salt should adhere to the basin the Capitellum being half boiled away they put in two ounces of powdred vitriol so to hasten the falling of the eschar and so they keep the basin over the fire until all the liquor be almost wasted away Then they cut
become less painful in the operation CHAP. XXXIII Of Vesicatories VEsicatory and rubrifying ointments cataplasms or plasters are made of acrid medicines What vesicatory and rubrifying medicines are which have power to draw forth to the superficies of the body such humors as lye deep by exulcerating the skin and causing blisters Their matter is the same with septick medicines as Sinapi anacordus cantharides euphorb radices scyllae bryon and the like which with hony turpentine leaven gum or rosin may be made into cataplasms ointments or plasters therefore the composure of vesicatories or rather their consistence differs not from that of hard or soft unguents Therefore I will give you one example or description of them which is thus â„ž cantharid euphorbii sinapi an Ê’ ss mellis anacardini Ê’i modico aceti The description of a vesicatory fermenti quod sit satis excipiantur fiat vesicatorium Some of the antients think it better to make up these medicines with water rather then with vineger because experience teacheth that vineger abates the strength of mustard We use this kinde of medicine in long diseases Their use when as we cannot any thing prevail with other medcines especially in the head-ach megrim epilepsie sciatica gout the bites punctures of venemous creatures pestilent carbuncles other inveterate and contumacious diseases Also we use them when as we would restore life and strength to a dead or decaied part for thus they are drawn back together with the heat for which purpose we must make choise of more gentle vesicatories as such which only rubrifie so that the part may only become red and not be burnt the part must first be strongly rubbed that the decayed and dull heat may be rowzed and stirred up the pores of the skin more opened that the force of the medicine may enter the deeper into the body CHAP. XXXIV Of Collyria What a collyriuâ— is A Collyrium is a medicine proper for the eyes made of powder finely levigated and ground into the form of Alchohol as the Arabians and our Alchymists term it yet the word in a more general acception is used for any liquid medicine The differences of them made with liquors and powders and applied or used to any part Wherefore collyria are of three kindes some are moist or liquid which are properly called collyria others drie which are of the same consistence with Trochiscs Their use others have the consistence of hony or a liniment The liquid serve for the greater and lesser corners of the eyes those of the consistence of hony are meet for the apple of the eye but the drye are to be made into powder and so blown into the eyes also sometimes they are to be dissolved in some juice or other convenient liquor that so they may be made into moist collyria Therefore Collyria have diverse uses and are applied to several parts according to the intention and counsel of the Physician for liquid Collyria put into the corners of the eyes do more readily mitigate the heat of their inflammation by reason they enter more easily by the tenuity of their substance such things as have a more firm consistence adhere more tenaciously and work more certainly Moist Collyria are made of juices mucilages waters of herbs flowers seeds metalline bodies galls and other such like medicines which are repercussives resolvers detergents anodynes and the like according to the nature of the present disease Their matter Sometimes they are made of juices and distilled waters only otherwhiles powders or drye Collyria made into powder are mixed with them together with the white of an egg Powders are prescribed to Ê’ii and liquors to â„¥ iv or â„¥ v. in medicines for the eyes but for other parts as when it is to be injected into the urinary passage they may be prescribed to the quantity of a pinte Drye Collyria are made of powders exceeding finely beaten or ground and incorporated with some juice whence it is that they differ little from Trochiscs Wherefore the collyrium album Rhasis is now usually termed a Trochisce and kept with them Catharetick powders are not applied in the form of a moist Collyrium but in the form of a liniment that is incorporated with fat or oyl All these things shall be made more plainly by the following examples A repeâ—cussive Collyrium An anâ—dyne A detergent â„ž aq plant rosar â„¥ ii album ovi unum bene agitatum misce fiat collyrium â„ž aq rosar viol an â„¥ iii. trochis alb Rhas cum opio Ê’ii fiat collyrium Or â„ž decoct foenug â„¥ iii. mucag. sem lini â„¥ ii sacchar cand Ê’i croci ℈ i. fiat collyr â„ž thuris myrrh ℈ ii tut praepar antimon lot anÊ’ii cum succo cheliaon fiat collyrium in umbrâ siccand â„ž fellis perdic aut lepor Ê’ss succi foeniculÊ’i sacchar cand Ê’ii syrup ros excipiantur fiat cellyrium We use Collyria in wounds ulcers fistulas suffusions inflammations and other diseases of the eyes CHAP. XXXV Of Errhines and Sternutatories What an Etthine is Their differences ERthines are medicines appointed to be put into the nose to purge the brain of its excrementitious humors by the nostrils or to deterge such excrements as are therein by reason of an ozaena polypus or the like disease Erthines are either liquid or drie or else hard and of the consistence of an emplaster Liquid Erthines which usually are to purge the head are made of the juices of herbs as beets coleworts marjarom pimpernel hyssop or balm or of their decoctions taken alone or mixed with wine or syrup as oxymel scilliticum syrup of hyssop roses or mel anthosatum sometimes powders are mixed with the liquors as of pepper euphorbium pellitory of Spain hore-hound nigella Romana castoreum myrrh white ellebore sow-bread and other like in a small quantity to wit to Ê’i little more or less according to the vehemency of the disease We will make this more plain by examples The form of one â„ž succi betae majorum brassic an â„¥ i. depurentur modice bulliant cum vini albi â„¥ ii oxymel scillit â„¥ ss fiat Errhinum When as you desire to attract more powerfully from the brain you may dissolve in Errhines some purging medicines as agarick diaphoenicon senna carthamus and the like hence doth arise the distinction of Errhines into such as are meet to purge phlegm choler and melancholy This following example is set down by Rondoletius An Errhine purging phlâ—gm â„ž rad pyreth irid an Ê’i puleg. calam origan an m i. agar trochisc Ê’iii flor anthos staechad an p i. fiat decoctio in colatur lbi dissolve mellis anthosati scillit an Ê’iii fiat caputpurgium But it is better to this purpose to make use of purging simples as agarick turbith coloquintida and the like then of compositions as diaphaenicon for these make the decoction more
linnen-clothes dipped therein A water also distilled of snails gathered in a vine-yard juice of lemmons the flowers of white mullain mixed together in equal proportion with a like quantity of the liquor contained in the bladders of Elm-leaves is very good for the same purpose Also this â„ž micae panis albi lb iv flor fabar rosar alb flor nenuph. lilior ireos an lb ii lactis vaccini lb vi ova nu viii aceti â—pt lb i. distillentur omnia simul in alembico vitrâ—c fiat aqua ad faciei et manuum lotionem Or â„ž olei de tartaro â„¥ iii. mucag. sem psilii â„¥ i. cerus in oleo ros dissolut â„¥ i. ss borac sal gem an Ê’ i. fiat linimentum profacie Or â„ž caponem vivum et caseum ex lacte caprino recenter confectum limon nu iv ovor nu iv cerus lâ—t in aq rosar â„¥ ii boracis â„¥ i ss camph. â„¥ ii aq flor fabar lb iv fiat omnium infusio per xxiv horas postea distillentur in alembico vitreo The marrow of sheeps-bones good to smooth the face There is a most excellent fucus made of the marrow of sheeps-bones which smooths the roughness of the skin beautifies the face now it must be thus extracted Take the bones severed from the flesh by boiling beat them and so boil them in water when they are well boiled take them from the fire and when the water is cold gather the fat that swims upon it and there with anoint your face when as you go to bed and wash it in the morning with the formerly prescribed water How to make Sal ceâ—ussa â„ž salis ceruss Ê’ ii ung citrin vel spermat ceti â„¥ i. malaxentur simul et fiat linimentum addendo olei ovor Ê’ ii The Sal cerussae is thus made grinde Ceruss into very fine powder and infuse lb 1. thereof in a bottle of distilled vineger for four or five daies then filter it then set that you have filtred in a glased earthen vessel over a gentle fire until it concrete into salt just as you do the capitellum in making of cauteries â„ž excrementi lacert ossis saepiae tartari vini albi rasur corn cerv farin oriz. an partes aequales fiat pulvis infundatur in aqua distillata amygdalarum dulcium limacum vinealium flor nenuph. huic addito mellis albi par pondus let them all be incorporated in a marble morter and kept in a glass or silver vessel and at night anoint the face herewith it wonderfully prevails against the redness of the face if after the anointing it you shall cover the face with a linnen cloth moistened in the former described water â„ž sul lim Ê’i argent viv saliv extinct Ê’ii margarit non perforat Ê’i caph Ê’ i ss incorporentur simul in mortario marmoreo cum pistillo ligneo per tres horas ducantur et fricentur reducanturque in tenuissimum pulverem confectus pulvis abluatur aquâ myrti et desiccetur serveturque ad usum adde follorum auri et argenti nu x. When as you would use this powder put into the palm of your hand a little oyl of mastich or of sweet-almonds then presently in that oyl dissolve a little of the described powder and so work it into an ointment wherewith let the face be anointed at bed-time but it is fit first to wash the face with the formerly described waters and again in the morning when you arise How to paint the face When the face is freed from wrinkles and spots then may you paint the cheeks with a rosie and flourishing colour for of the commixture of white and red ariseth a native and beautiful color for this purpose take as much as you shall think fit of brasil and alchunet steep them in alum-water and therewith touch the cheeks and lips and so suffer it to dry in there is also spanish red made for this purpose others rub the mentioned parts with a sheeps-skin died red moreover the friction that is made by the hand only causeth a pleasing redness in the face by drawing thither the blood and spirits GHAP. XLV Of the Gutta Rosacea or a fiery face THis treatise of Fuci puts me in minde to say something in this place of helping the preternatural redness which possesseth the nose and cheeks Why worse in winter then in summar and oft-times all the face besides one while with a tumor otherwhiles without sometimes with pustles and scabs by reason of the admixture of a nitrous and adust humor Practitioners have termed it Gutta rosacca This shews both more and more ugly in winter then in summer because the cold closeth the pores of the skin so that the matter contained thereunder is bent up for want of transpiration whence it becomes acrid and biting so that as it were boiling up it lifts or raiseth the skin into pustles and scabs it is a contumacious disease and oft-times not to be helped by medicine For the general method of curing this disease it is fit that the patient abstain from wine Diet. and from all things in general that by their heat inflame the blood and diffuse it by their vaporous substance he shall shun hot and very cold places and shall procure that his belly may be soluble either by nature or art Let blood first be drawn out of the basilica then from the vena frontis and lastly from the vein of the nose Let leeches be applied to sundry places of the face and cupping-glasses with scarification to the shoulders For particular or proper remedies if the disease be inveterate Remedies the hardness shall first be softned with emollient things then assaulted with the following ointments which shall be used or changed by the Chirurgian as the Physician shall think fit â„ž succi citri â„¥ iii. cerus quantum sufficit ad eum inspissandum An approved ointment argenti vivi cum saliva et sulphure vivo extincti Ê’ ss incorporentur simul et fiat unguentum â„ž boracis Ê’ii farin ciser et fabar an Ê’ i ss caph Ê’i cum melle et succo cepae fiant trochisci when you would use them dissolve them in rose and plantain-water and spread them upon linnen cloths and so apply them on the night-time to the affected parts and so let them oft-times be renewed â„ž unguenti citrini recenter dispensati â„¥ ii sulphuris vivi â„¥ ss cum modico olei sem cucurb et succi limonum fiat unguentum with this let the face be annointed when you go to bed in the morning let it be washed away with rose-rose-water being white by reason of bran infused therein moreover sharp vineger boiled with bran and rose-water and applied as before powerfully takes away the redness of the face â„ž cerus litharg auri sulphuris vivi pulverisati an â„¥ ss ponantur in phiala cum aceto aquae rosarum linnen cloths dipped herein shall be applied to the
of Waters BEfore I describe the manner how to distill waters The varieties of distilled waters I think it not amiss briefly to reckon up how many sorts of distilled waters there be and what the faculties of them are Therefore of distilled waters some are medicinal as the waters of Roses Plantain Sorrel Sage and the like others are alimentary as those waters that we call restauratives other some are composed of both such as are these restaurative waters which are also mixed with medicinal things others are purging as the distilled water of green and fresh Rubarb othersome serve for smoothing the skin and others for smell of which sort are those that are distilled of aromatick things To distill Rose-water it will be good to maceâ—ate the Roses before you distill them for the space of two or three daies in some formerly distilled Rose-water or their pressed-out juice Rose water luting the vessel close them put then into an Alembick closely luted to his head and his Receiver and so put into a Balneum Mariae as we have formerly described The distilled Alimentary liquors are nothing else than those that we vulgarly call Restauratives Restauratives this is the manner and art of preparing them Take of Veal Mutton Kid Capon Pullet â—ock Parâ—ridg Phesant as much as shall seem fit for your purpose cut it small and lest it should requires heat or empyreuma from the fire mix therewith a handful of French Barly and of red Rose-leaves dâ—ie and fresh but first steeped in the juice of pomgranats or citrons and Rosewater with a little Cinnamon The delineation of a Balneum Mariae which may also serve to distill with ashes A. Shews the Fornace with the hole to take forth the ashes B. Shews another Fornace as it were set in the other now it is of Brass and runs through the midst of the kettle made also of brass that so the contained water or ashes may be the more easily heated C. The kettle wherein the water ashes or sand are contained D. The Alembick set in the water ashes or sand with the mouths of the receivers E. The bottom of the second brass Fornace whose top is marked with B. which contains the fire There may be made other restauratives in shorter time with less labor and cost Anosher way of making restaurative Liquors To this purpose the flesh muâ—t be beaten and cut thin and so thrust through with a double thred so that the pieces thereof may touch each other then put them in to a glass and let the thred hang out so stop up the glass close with a linnen cloth Cotton or Tow and lute it up with paste made of meal and the whiâ—es of eggs then set it up to the neck in a kettle of water but so that it touch not the bottom but let it be kept upright by the formerly described means then make a gentle fire there-under un il the contained flesh by long boiling shall be dissolved into juice and that will commonly be in some four hours space This being done let the fire be taken from under the kettle but take not forth the glass befor the water be cold lest the fire being hot should be broken by the sudden â—ppulse of the cold air Wherefore when as it is cold let it be opened and the thred with the pieces of flesh be drawn forth so that only the juice may be left remaining then strain it through a bag and aromatize it with Sugar and Cinnamom adding a little juice of Citron Verjuice or Vineger as it shall best like the Patients palate After this manner you may quickly easily and without great cost have and prepare all sorts of restauratives as well medicated as simple But the force and faculty of purging medicines is extracted after a clean contrary manner then the oyls and waters which are drawn of Aromatitk things as Sage Rosemary Time Anniseeds Fennel Cloves Cinnamon Nutmegs and the like For the strength of â—hese as that which is subtil and aiery flies upwards in distillation but the strength of puâ—ging things aâ— Tuâ—bâ—th Agarick Rubâ—rb and the like subsides in the bottom For the purgative â—â—câ—l y of these purgers inseparably ache es to the b dies and substances Now for sweet waters and such as serve to smooth the skin of the face they may be distilled in Balneo Mariae like as Rose water CHAP. VIII How to distill Aqua Vitae or the spirits of Wine TAke of good white or Claret-wine or Sack which is not sowr nor musty nor otherwise corrupt or of the Lees that quantity which may serve to fil the vessel wherein you make the distillation to a third part then put on your head furnished with the nose or pipe Spirit of wine seven times rectified and so make your distillation in Balneo Mariae The oftner it is distilled or as they term it rectified the more noble and effectual it becomes Therefore some distil it seven times over At the first distillation it may suffice to draw a fourth or third part of the whole to wit of twenty four pintes of Wine or Lees draw six or eight pintes of distilled liquor At the second time the half part that is three or four pintes At the third distillation the half part again that is two pintes so that the oftner you distil it over the less liquor you have but it will be a great deal the more efficacious I do well like that the first distillation be made in Ashes the second in Balneo Mariae To conclude that aqua vitae is to be approved of neither is it any oftner to be distilled which put into a spoon or saucer and there set on fire burns wholly away and leaves no liquor or moisture in the bottom of the vessel if you drop a drop of oyl into this same water it continually falls to the bottom or if you drop a drop into tht palm of your hand it will quickly vanish away which are two other notes of the probation of this liquor The faculties of the spirit of wine The faculties and effects of aqua vitae are innumerable it is good against the epilepsie and all cold diseases it asswages the pain of the teeth it is good for punctures and wounds of the Nerves faintings swoonings gangreens and mortifications of the flesh as also put to other medicines for a vehicle The distilling of Wine and vineger is different There is this difference between the distilling of Wine and Vineger wine being of an aiery and vaporous substance that which is the best and most effectual in it to wit the aiery and fiery liquor comes from it presently at the first distillation Therefore the residue that remains in the bottom of the vessel it is of a cold drye and acrid nature on the contrary the water that comes first from Vineger being distilled is insipid and flegmatick For Vineger is made by the corruption of wine and the segregation of