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A50263 A very useful manual, or, The young mans companion containing plain and easy directions for spelling, reading, and uniting English, with easy rules, for their attaining to writing, and arithmetick, and the Englishing of the Latin Bible without a tutor, likewise the plotting and measuring of land, globes, steeples, walls, barrels, timber, stone, boards, glass, &c. ... : and several other considerable and necessary matters, intended for the good of all, and for promoting love to one another : as by the table annexed particularly appears / collected by William Mather. Mather, W. (William), fl. 1695. 1681 (1681) Wing M1286; ESTC R36919 124,932 462

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will he on a 3 d. for a Child in mornings To cause spitting in a Feaver TAke Hony 2 l. Spring water and Vinegar of each 1. l. boyl it and skim it till it 's like a Syrup take it often on a Liquorish-stick fazed To purge Choler TAke best Rubarb one dram or Munks Rubarb one ounce and Ginger one Scruple For a Bloody Flux or other dangerous Fluxes TAke in the morning or oftner if need shall require as much of the pouder o● Dyers Galls as will lie on a 6 d. at a time take heed it bind not too fast some take the hard boyled white of an Egg roled in Bole-Armoniack For the Itch. SHread Rosemary and strow it on Butter that 's spread upon Bread and Butter an● eat often of it and to anoint take Soap Hog Seam and Brimstone and anoint the palms 〈◊〉 the hands and some other joynts or the water wherein Roman Vitriol hath been dissolved will kill Itch and great Scabs and a slight rash is helpt by thin milk wherein Willow leaves have been boyled To cleanse from the obstruction in the Stomach and Reins TAke Cream of Tartar one ounce and Hony a quarter of a pound take as much as a Nutmeg night and morning Scurvy in the Gums DIssolve Roman Vitriol in water and dip a cloath therein and rub the Teeth night and morning and after that with Sage and Salt For the Shingles or Ringworm TAke the green bark of Elm boughs an ounce and an half Housleek 6 heads a piece of Tobacco leaf the breadth of a shilling boyl these in half a pint of Cream to an oyl stir it often anoint with it Scurvy and Dropsy BAke a peck of Elder-berries then strain them boyl it to a Syrup with Hony the same weight thereof take some often Mother-fits TAke Cypris Turpentine one ounce red Amber a dram and an half Rubarb 2 Scruples make them into pills the dose one dram and an half going to bed hang Assa Faetida about the Neck For a Rupture TRess it well take Cumfrey any way and lay on a plaister of Diaculum strowed with the filings of Iron at which time take inwardly 8 or 10 Grain of the pouder of a Load-stone anoint the place with oyl of St. Johns wort For a sore throat TAke on a knife point the pouder of Orpin or white Dogs-Turd gathered in March April or May mixt with Hony as need shall require Wind on the Stomach TAke the pouder of dryed Hipes of Wild-bryers gather them for all the year after a Frost to one spoonful of them take half a spoonful of Nutmeg in any thing but often or this when the other cannot be had Take Rue Gentury Wormwood Bettony and Peny-Royal of each a handful being in pouder mix them with Hony like a conserve take some often A Surfeit Water TAke Mints Carduus Poppy Wormwood and Liverwort of each a handful let them steep all night in 2 quarts of new Milk and distil them drink some night and morning Melilot Salve made in June good for all sores it healeth very fast when the dead flesh is eaten out by Burnt Allum c. TAke Melilot Pimpernel and Scabious of each 2 handfuls beat them small then beat them with 2 l. of tryed Hogs-Seam so let it stand in the Sun 4 or 5 days then melt it and strain it well add as many more hearbs and so let it stand in the Sun then melt it again and strain it and boyl it till the Juice is consumed take it off the fire and add Rozen Wax and Venice Turpentine of each one ounce stir it till it cool but before put in one dram of Musk keep it in a pot or rolls To clsanse any foul sore either in Man or Beast called Egyptiacum TAke Ver-degreace in pouder and three times the weight in Hony and Vinega● half the weight of the Hony boyl them in a ●ot to a Salve or redish colour it taketh away dead flesh and for the biting of a mad Dog first spread a plaister of Melilot aforesaid and a little of this on Lint against the dead flesh wash the sore with Lime water Lime-water to wash and dry sores TAke a pottle of new Lime put water to it an inch above the Lime in the morning pour off the water for use Consumption COleworts boyled and eaten often Rosemary smoakt with Tobacco Red Cow-milk wherein mints have been steept Eat Bread and Butter with Hony thereon Dig up Garden Earth Pease-pottage of blew Pease Mix Elecompany Lquorish Carraway Seed and Conserve of Roses together with some Hony take a little every night The purging Syrup of Roses good in Feavers and hot Diseases TAke Damask Roses 1 l. water 4 l. steep them all night then strain them do thus 8 time if you will to the last infusion boyl it with 4 l. of Sugar to a Syrup take a spoonful at a time To allay the heat of the stomach in a Feaver BOyl 1 spoonful of French Barly in half a pint of water put to the water only when cold 2 ounces of the Syrup of Violets in the beginning of this Disease and all that comes o● cold with pains take a sweat for 2 hours especially in a morning by a Treacle Posset and Carduus boyled therein The Lead plaister being laid to the back for the running of the Reins heat in the Liver or weakness in the Back for bruises in the Legs o●… plaister often cures as also for Fellons Imposthumes Spreans and draweth out running humors without breaking the skin and several other things made as follows TAke 1 l. and 2 ounces of good Sallet oil and red and white Lead of each half a pound searced finely and of Castle Soap six ounces beat all these together in a pot that the Soap may come uppermost set it over a gentle fire the space of one hour always stirring it with an Iron slice then make your fire bigger until it be turned into a gray colour then drop some on a board and if it stick not to the finger when cold it is enough make it into rolls or dip linnen cloaths therein For the Rickets there are several but this if followed only may serve TAke six house Snails wash them and boyl them in almost a pint of new milk almost half away put a little bread and Sugar to the milk and give it the Child in the morning and at 4 a Clock pick out the Snails shread them with Butter and Salt and give them the Child as other meat do so almost every day then anoint the Child night morning Back Brest other Joints with this fill a pint pot almost with Sallet oil with as much Cammamile as can be trust in with a pennyworth of Mace bake this with Bread and the oil is ready For shortness of breath TAke one ounce of the oil of sweet Almonds and half an ounce of Sugar Candy take now and then a little To keep from being too fat TAke a little of the
line by half the 2 shorts being first added together The fifth figure or multiply half the longest side by the dote line For the sixth figure being a Circle or multiply half the Compass by half the breadth the product shews the number of flat or superficial Inches if it be the end of a Barrel round Timber Stone or Land c. being round See p. 36. The second figure there may be measured like the 3d figure in p. 37. Of Bees p. 276. c. The best is to smother no Bees till the latter end of September the weather cold to prevent your Neighbours Bees that will smell the Hony and so may rob your other Bees that are not very strong Secondly if you find that the under Hives be somewhat too weak in October set 2 of them together the strongest uppermost or any other weak stock upon one of them to be one house Rot in Sheep p. 112. Drench them every month if need be also give every Sheep one mouthful of Hay before they go out of the fold every dewy morning both in Winter and Summer and other Cattel if it be a very wet time Remember that Medicines that are good for Men are also good for Beasts giving them the bigger quantity but to save some Charge For Rubarb take Red-dock roots For Garden Mallow-roots take the common For White Poppy take Field Poppy For Lavender Spike use Garden Lavender For Danewort leaves use Elder leaves For Vervin use Bettony For Balm use Horehound For Mountain Smallage use the Garden For Savory use Field Thyme For the leaves of Coriander use Parsnep leaves For Navelwort use Housleek For Cypresse use Savine For Fir-leaves use the leaves of Popular For Acacis use the juice of Sloes For Opium use the juice of Field Poppies For Liquorish use Raisons in the Sun For juice of Citrons use Lemons For Aloes use the juice of Wormwood For Bears-grease use Fox-grease For Goose grease use Duck or Hens-grease For Badgers grease use Neats-foot-oil For Antimony or Lithargy use burnt Lead For Spodium use burnt Harts-horn or the contrary taking the bigger quantity of the weakest c. Lastly The decoction of the Herb called Gransel is good against all diseases of heat and binding both in Men and Beast and for wind use Peny-Royal green or dryed To make Mead. VVHen the Hony is run out of the best of the Combs as in p 282. wash the Combs in water and the Hony will quickly out strain it through a Sieve now to know whether the water be strong enough of the Hony put in a sound Egg if it swims to be seen the breadth of a groat it is sweet enough otherwise put in more Hony it may be made any time of the year when this water is well setled take the clearest and boyl it almost a quarter of an hour with 2 or three sprigs of Rosemary skim it often and when its cold put Barm to it and beat it and work it like new Ale then barrel it up and stop it close and after about three or six Months bottle it up and it will keep long it 's very good for the aged and consumptive Persons Of Cyder AFter your Apples have stood 2 days in Tubs being stampt or less time if they were mellow before they were stampt Or if too mellow put water to them and for to press out the juice do thus take a thick board almost 2 foot over both ways and nail some inch board at the edges thereof that it may hold water about 2 Inches high above the board and cut a natch for it to run out then upon the middle of this thick board nail an inch board of about 14 inches square to lay the bag thereon house little hair bags and fill them not too full the board being ready with the bag thereon and a thick board on the bag also set it near a post in the house and make a square hole for a weighty pole to go in to crush the bag so that by this way two men may press in an hour more than I saw any screw-press would do in two and the charge of this Press may not be 18 d. If you put into each bottle a lump of loaf Sugar the Cyder will be the better and keep longer being set in a cool place Water-Cyder being a wholsom drink thus made STamp one bushel of Apples any time of the year and put to them 8 gallons of water let them steep one week and strain them or take the stampings that you prest your Cyder out and put as much water to them as they yielded Cyder let them steep 2 days or more then press out the water and boyl it as good bear and work it with Barm and tun it up and to every gallon put in one ounce of Sugar or more drink it all before 2 Months is past Note that if you boyl with the Water-Cyder one peck of Malt it will be much better order it as you do Bear or Ale Pills to purge any one of the four humours First For the Colick TAke Aloes one ounce and a half Agrick half an ounce as much Mastick make them into Pills with the Syrup of Clovegilli-flowers take them a quarter of an hour before supper and they will work most upon the head late at night or early in the morning they will work most upon the stomach First To purge Choler Add a quarter of an ounce of Rubarb and abate half an ounce of Aloes Secondly To purge Phlegm Most take one quarter of an ounce of Turbith and leave out the Rubarb Thirdly To purge Melancholy Take a quarter of an ounce of Senna and abate the Rubarb and Turbith Fourthly To purge the Head Make up the Pills with Syrup of Sticadoes Fifthly To purge the Matrix Make them up with the Syrup of Mugwort Sixthly Upon Wind. Add oyl of Anniseeds see p. 115. Salts of any Herbs how to make it TAke the Ashes of any Herb steep them in water 24 hours let the water run through a hair Sieve then through a flannel bag to get it very clear take this water and put it in at wide mouth'd glass or well glased pot and set it upon a gentle heat till the Salt appear at the bottom cover not the Pot it will keep many years in a dry place or if it dissolve keep it in a glass knowing the vertue of the Hearb the Salt is much more taken with meat or otherways When a Purge works too much or a slight Loosness DRink White-Wine that 's burnt with Cynamon and Sugar or take Sugar and Cynamon dry When a purge works too little DRink posset drink wherein one ounce of Manna is dissolved being first strained A Purge in a Fever TAke Roses Solutive one ounce Syrup of Violets an ounce and an half Rubarb infused in Endive water a dram and an half strain it take it in the morning Worms TAke the pouder of the leaves of Barefoot mixt with Sugar as much as
Beer in winter dissolve the Sirup in posset Ale Terms provoked About the full moon take a draught of White wine wherein a small handful of stinking Arach hath been boiled and sweat upon it For the Stone Get into Bed and sweat and every quarter of an hour take one spoonful of the Sirup of Cammamile for an hour and an halfs time For Madness Hold the Party under Water a litle and often and after give them of the sneezing powder Sciatica Take white Wine and Vineger one quart house Snails one pint or more boil them together until half the Vinegar be wasted strain it then add of Neats foot Oil but Badger's grease is better one quarter of a pint and boil it a little and anoint the place often and wear a Flannel upon the place till well Whitloe before it break to put it back Wrap Sorrel in brown paper and rost it in Embers lay it on hot Sore Throat Take sometimes the Sirup of Orpin or the powder mixt with Hony Swelling sudden That it may not break Take Cammamile Smallage and Mallows boil them in milk and Water to a pultice add a little Hogs Lard lay it on warm twice in a day For the Blood Flux Take red Oak bark beaten small a quarter of a pound and of Cinnamon one ounce and a few Cloves mix them together and put about one ounce into a Pancake and fry it it 's best eaten with Oil. Forehead pained Boil Cammamile and Penyroyal in water till it 's tender lay it on at night Juices of any hearb How to preserve it all the year Gather them dry and before they flower stamp them in a wooden Mortar and take the Juice and on a gentle fire take off the skum you may keep it in a Glass by putting some sweet Oil on it or you may keep it another way by boiling the juice till it will be the thickness of Hony being cold Sirups How to make and keep them Sirups made of Flowers is made by the often steeping of Flowers in water covered by the Fire the water being boiled before by itself when it is strong enough of the Flowers strain it and to every pint add two pound of Sugar set it over the Fire but not boil it and scum it well and to make the Sirup of any hearbs you must boil out their vertue in water and let it run of itself through a woollen cloath with the weight in Sugar boil it to a Sirup Scum it often cover the Bottles only with paper both Sirups and distilled Waters A Sneezing Pouder good for the vertigo or madness Take Marjorane Sage and Rosemary in pouder of each half a Dragm Pellitory of Spain and white Hellebore of each one scruple Musk Grains 3. Rot in Sheep for 100 of them Take Grains and Coriander seed of each one ounce Long peper half an ounce Box leaves and Rue of each one handful Savin half a handful boil these in Ale and give to every Sheep three spoonfuls blood warm keep the Sheep fasting the night before and 3 hours after they be drenched if any of the Ews be with young leave out the Savin and put in Crumbs of Rye Bread as much as an Egg the best oil one pint put in when it 's from the fire stir it well when you use it give them Hey often The names of the Medicines that purges Choler Phlegm watry and Melancholy humours severally Choler purged gently by Wormwood Century Aloes Hops Mercury Mallows Peach leaves and Flowers Damask Roses blew violets Cassia fistula Citron Mirobalans Prunes Tamarinds Rubarb with red Dock roots Rhapontick Manna Purges Plegm gently by Hysop Hedge Hysop Bastard Saffron Broom flowers Elder flowers Myrobalans Bellerick Chebs and Emblicks the seed of Bastard Saffron and Broom Jallap and Mechoacan Purges watry humours gently are the Leaves Bark and Roots of Elder and Dwarf Elder or Walwort Elder flowers Broom flowers Agrick Jallap Mechoacan Orris or Flower-de-luce Roots Melancholy purged gently by Senna Fumitory Dodder Epithimum Indian Mirobalans Polipodium or Fearn of the Oak Whey Lapis Lazuli c. Choler purged violently by the seed of Spurge the Bark and Root of the same Scammony Elaterium Flegm and Water purged violently by Elaterium Euphorbium Spurge Opopanax Sarcocolla Briony roots Turbith Hermodactiles Colocynthis wild Cucumers Sowbread Mezereon Squils Melancholly by Hellebore white and black Take none of these violent purges alone without a right Composition among others to correct them Purging the manner and way thereof 1. If the humours be to be drawn from remote parts of the Body as the Head Arms Feet or the like let the Purges be made up in a hard form as Pills are for by that means it stays the longer in the Body and is in all reason therefore the better able to perform its Office 2. If the afflicting humour lie in the Bowels or near to those parts use liquid Medicines for they operate speediest and the Bowels are soon hurt by purging Medicines if the matter be tough and of long continuance it is impossible to carry it away all at once therefore take gentle Purges and take them often for strong Purges weaken Nature A good Purge Take Rubarb and Senna of each ʒi Jallap ℈ i Cream of Tartar and Anaseed of each 16 grains Ginger 10 Grains all in pouder let them steep in a draught of white Wine or water all night in the morning drink the Liquor and keep house and take posset drink as in other Purges it is very safe for many distempers taken as often as need shall require this quantity is enough for a man or Woman Observations Monthly for a Country-man January Breed Calves remove Bees 30. prune the Vine dung Pastures and prune Fruit-Trees February Dress Bees stools lay fresh Earth to the Roots of Fruit-Trees 14. sow Carrot seed 28 graft set quicksets sow Pease and Oats March Set Turneps Beans and Pease lay good Earth in Gardens scour Ditches sow Barly graft slip Gilly flowers and Garden seeds April Purge lop Ashes set Willows being cut and set in Water 6 weeks before kill Moulds May. 1. Set Kidney Beans and sow Purslane kill Caterpillars kill Weeds June Set Garden Beans again 30. clip the Vine branches and Leaves that the Grapes may be seen set Rosemary cut worm-eaten Bark from Fruit-Trees July Cut off suckers and needless buds from Fruit-Trees 20. mow Meadows 24. inoculate the Apricock drive Bees 1. August Sow Turnep seed all the last Month 16. take up Bees and leave the other but a little Door 10. sow Cabish seed September 20. Gather Carrots sow Wheat and Rye remove young Trees and Rose bushes purge October 1. Gather Apples and make Cyder take Earth from the Roots of Fruit-Trees cut Hedges November Cut Timber mose the Fruit-Trees buy Wheat and prune the Trees by cutting off whole Arms. December To keep Hares from Barking of young Trees anoint them with Hog's dung Soot and Blood 30. prune the Vines and nail it close
water to a little less than a pint strain it and sweeten the Liquor and drink it fasting and now and then drink Posset drink For Childrens sore Feet that the skin is off with Chilblains If the Feet itch much with Chills and is hot the best is to hold them to a Fire very hot a quarter of an hour at a time which allays the itching and keeps them from breaking but if they are broke and be as sore as can be one Plaister of Burgundy Pitch cureth if it do but stick and it is very safe lay it on in the morning A Balsom to cure Burnings and Scaldings Head-ach the Temples and Nostrils anointed biting of a mad Dog use nothing else in Wounds Stitches and Pains in the Sides being rubb'd in and apply a Tobacco Leaf for inward bruises or Ulcers in the Bladder or Kidneys taken like Pills night and morning c. It is made as followeth Take Venice Turpentine washed in Rose water one pound oil Olive three pound yellow Wax one pound then cut the wax and melt it on the Fire and put in the Turpentine Oil and six spoonfuls of Sack stir them till they begin to boil and take it off the Fire and when it is cold melt it again the Sack being from it and put to it one ounce of Natural Balsom price four or five shillings Oil of St. John's wort and red Sanders in fine pouder of each one ounce give it a boil and take it from the Fire and stir it till its cold almost Note that the hotter you make this Balsom when you apply it to wounds Burns Inflamations Ulcers or Fistula's the better it is Another Anoint with Linseed Oil ground with white Lead or Cerus which is also good for the chops and sores on Cows Teets or others Bleeding at the Nose c. Let the party sit upright and stuff into the Nose Rabbets wool which hath been rouled in fine Bole-armony and Dragons Blood and sprinkle cold water in his Face and a cloth wet in Vinegar to the Forehead Bleeding at the Nose in the beginning of a Disease is a bad sign Directions for Health 1. Keep from evil Company 2. Virtue lengthens Life Vice shortneth 3. Use moderate Labour of Body 4. Keep thy Feet dry except used to do it 5. In morning wash Face Ears Teeth and Hands 6. Drink not when sweating except Labour immediately follows or in Bed 7. For sudden pain or cold sweat in Bed 8. Keep constant hours for meat and Sleep 9. Anger and Worldly Cares avoid 10. Little Supper or drink at Evening 11. Use Gardening to labour in it 12. Let little wind come upwards 13. Tobacco prevents much Physick 14. Give Children for worms every Full Moon 15. Cut hair the Moon increasing 16. Cut Nails the Moon decreasing 17. Scrape the Teeth clean often 18. Sleep on the Right Side 19. The Feet sweating wholsom 20. Use no Venery when stomach full or Body dry or aged or big with or when sleep doth not immediately follow Signs of Complexion or Constitution Sanguine heat and moisture Overcome Cholerick heat and driness Overcome Phlegmatick cold moisture Overcome Melancholy cold driness Overcome If none of these four overcome then the Body is in health Philosopher's Stone so called something thereof Hermes Plato Aristotle and other Philosophers in former times flourishing the original Spring of Sciences and the Inventors of Liberal Arts so called earnestly approving the vertues of things under the Heavens did enquire with great desire if any thing was amongst the Creatures that might save Man's Body from all Corruption and preserve it alive for ever In which search in vain they wearied themselves by seeking that in the Creature which is only in the Creator calling it a Stone or Medicine extracted or to be by them created out of Elementary things that shall have power of itself to change melted Lead into fine Gold and also to cure all diseases in Man or Woman and having not found such a thing yet have found many Secrets of Alchymy as the Oils and Salts of Animals Vegetables and Minerals c. But their pretending to transmute or change the filing of Tin which they call Jupiter into Silver called Luna and part of Coper called Venus into Gold called by them Sol put in Lime 24 hours in a flame which only makes them the more malleable or harder though there is some Gold and Silver both in Tin and Lead of which some it 's to be feared makes course Silver of and having not found such a thing as I said before and being ashamed in themselves having spent so many years in toiling cost and study in seeking will not say they cannot or have not found it but have still led others in the dark to search by their writings as if they had known or did possess such a Stone or secret and that it would lose its vertue if they make it known to others For Saith Morien Who hath it that is this Stone possesseth all things and shall need the help of no body in any thing because in it is all temporal Felicity corporal Health and earthly prosperity And further the Philosophers saith that by this Stone or Spirit Moses made the Vessels of the Temple and the Tabernacle Noah built the Ark Esdras recovered the Law Abraham Isaac and Jacob obtained length of days and abundance of Riches c. This many do seek say they but few do find it for the defiled with vices or polluted are unworthy to know such things Therefore it is not shewn but to the devout because it is incomparable to all prices c. O how the Gentiles hearts have been darkned and become vain in their imaginations Rom. 1.21 as at this day to think to find that healing vertue in the Life or vertue of earthly things that 's only in God's Spirit Mal. 4.2 Jer. 30.17 For saith the Lord if thou wilt diligently hearken O Israel unto the voice of the Lord thy God c. Then will I put none of these diseases upon thee which I brought upon the Egyptians c. notwithstanding the Astrologers say that the Planets cause Diseases either by Sympathy or Antipathy as Mars causeth diseases in the head c. Venus deforms the Beauty of the Face by Antipathy to Mars c. Isa 3.24 Both Riches and Honour come of the Lord. 1 Chron. 29. Psal 103.3 For by Faith Noah being warned of God prepared the Ark by Faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come Heb. 11. Unto the pure all things are pure but unto them that are defiled and unbelieving is nothing pure Tit. 1.15 So that it was by Faith in God that Noah Moses Isaac and Jacob and all other the Righteous walked but not by Philosophy or Astrology or any other created thing not like the Gentiles and Astrologers who are become vain in their Imaginations Rom. 1.21 and Observers of times for which Sin the Lord drove out the Canaanites out of