is thirsty Or else put the flesh of one old Capon and of a leg of Veal two minced Partridges and two drams of whole Cinnamon without any liquor in a Limbeck of glass well lated and covered and so let them boil in Balneo Mariae unto the perfect conâ—oction For so the fleshes will be boiled in their own juice without any hurt of the fire then â—et the juice be pressed out there-hence with a Press give the patient for every dose one ounce of the juice with some cordial waters some Trisantalum and Diamargaritum frigidum The preserves of sweet fruits are to be avoided because that sweet things turn into choler but the confection of tart prunes Cherries and such like may be fitly used But because there is no kinde of sickness that so weakens the strength as the plague it is alwaies necessary but yet sparingly and often to feed the patient still having respect unto his custom age the region and the time for through emptiness there is no great danger lest that the venomous matter that is driven out to the superficiall parts of the body should be called back into the inward parts by an hungry stomach and the stomach it self should be filled with cholerick hot thin and sharp excremental humors whereof cometh biting of the stomach and gripings in the guts CHAP. VII What drink the patient infected ought to use IF the fever be great and burning the patient must abstain from wine unless that he be subject to swounding and he may drink the Oxymel following in stead thereof An Oxymel Take of fair water three quarts wherein boil four ounces of hony until the third part be consumed scumming it continually then strain it and put it into a clean vessel and add thereto four ounces of vinegar and as much cinnamon as will suffice to give it a tast Or else a sugred water as followeth Take two quarts of fair water of hard sugar six ounces of Cinnamon two ounces strain it through a woollen bag or cloth without any boiling and when the patient will use it put thereto a little of the juice of Citrons The syrup of the juice of Citrons excelleth amongst all others that are used against the pestilence A Julip The use of the Julip following is also very wholsome Take of the juice of Sorrel well clarified half a pinte of the juice of Lettuce so clarified four ounces of the best hard sugar one pound boil them together to a perfection then let them be strained and clarified adding a little before the end a little vinegar and so let it be used between meals with boiled water or with equal portions of the water of Sorrel Lettuce Scabious and Bugloss or take of this former described Julip strained and clarified four ounces let it be mixed with one pound of the fore-named cordial waters and boil them together a little And when they are taken from the fire put thereto of yellow Sanders one dram of beaten Cinnamon half a dram strain it through a cloth when it is cold let it be given the patient to drink with the juice of Citrons Those that have been accustomed to drink sider perry bear or ale ought to use that drink still so that it be clear transparent and thin and made of those fruits that are somewhat tart for troubled and dreggish drink doth not only engender gross humors but also crudities windiness and obstructions of the first region of the body whereof comes a fever The commodities of oxycrate Oxycrate being given in manner following doth asswage the heat of the fever and repress the putrefaction of the humors and the fierceness of the venom and also expelleth the water through the veins if so be that the patients are not troubled with spitting of blood cough yexing and altogether weak of stomach To whom hurtfull for such must avoid tart things Take of fair water one quart of white or red vinegar three ounces of fine sugar four ounces of syrup of Roses two ounces boil them a little and then give rhe patient thereof to drink Or take of the juice of Limmons and Citrons of each half an ounce of the juice of sowr Pomgranats two ounces of the water of Sorrel and Roses of each an ounce of fair water boiled as much as shall suffice make thereof a Julip and use it between meals Or take the syrup of Limmons and of red currans of each one ounce of the water of Lillies four ounces of fair water boyled half a pinte make thereof a Julip Or take of the syrups of water-Lillies and vinegar of each half an ounce dissolve it in five ounces of the water of Sorrel of fair water one pinte make thereof a Julip But if the patient be young and have a strong and good stomach and cholerick by nature The drinking of cold water whom and when profitable I think it not unmeet for him to drink a full and large draught of fountain-water for that is effectual to restrain and quench the heat of the Fever and contrariwise they that drink cold water often and a very small quantity at a time as the Smith doth sprinkle water on the fire at his Forge do increase the heat and burning and thereby make it endure the longer Therefore by the judgment of Celsus when the disease is in the chief increase and the patient hath endured thirst for the space of three or four daies cold water must be given unto him in great quantity so that he may drink past his satiety that when his belly and stomach are filled beyond measure Lib. 3. cap. 7. and sufficiently cooled he may vomit Some do not drink so much thereof as may cause them to vomit but do drink even unto satiety and so use it for a cooling medicine but when either of these is done the patient must be covered with many cloaths and so placed that he may sleep and for the most part after long thirst and watching and after long fulness and long and great heat sound sleep cometh by which great sweat is sent out and that is a present help But thirst must sometimes be quenched with little pieces of Melons Gourds Cucumbers with the leaves of Lettuce Sorrel and Purslain made moist or soaked in cold water or with a little square piece of a Citron Limmon or Orange macerated in Rose-water and sprinkled with Sugar and so held in the mouth and then changed But if the patient be aged his strength weak flegmatick by nature and given to wine when the state of the Fever is somewhat past and the chief heat beginning to asswage he may drink wine very much allayed at his meat for to restore his strength and to supply the want of the wâ—â—â—ed spirits The patient ought not by any means to suffer great thirst but must mitigate it by drinking or else allay it by washing his mouth with oxycrate and such like and he may therein also wâ—sh his hands and his
luc lb. ii aq vitae â„¥ vi agitentur omnia simul diligentissime Lutetur alembicum luto sapientiae fiat distillatio lento ignae in balneo mariae Use it after the following manner â„ž aq stillatitiae prescriptae â„¥ ii aut iii. According to the operation which it shall perform let the patient take it four hours before meat Also radish-water distilled in balneo mariae is given in the quantity of â„¥ iiii with sugar and that with good success Baths and sem cupia or halt baths are artificially made Why the use of diureticks is better after bathing To cleanse the ulcers of the kidnies and bladder relax soften dilate and open all the body therefore the prescribed diureticks mixed wtih half a dram of treacle may be fitly given at the going forth of the bath These medicines following are judged fit to cleanse the ulcers of the kidnies and bladder Syrup of maiden-hair of â—oses taken in quantity of â„¥ i. with hydromel or barlie-barlie-water Asses or Goats-milk are also much commended in this affect because they cleanse the ulcers by their serous or whayish portion and agglutinate by their chees-life They must be taken warm from the dug with hony of roses or a little salt least they corrupt in the stomach and that to the quantity of four ounces drinking or eating nothing presently upon it The following Trochises are also good for the same purpose Trochisces to heal the ulcers of the kidnies â„ž quatuor sem frigid major seminis papaveris albi portulâ—cae-plantag cydon myrtil gum tragacanth arab pinear. glycyrrhi mund hordei mund mucilag psilii amygdal dulcium an â„¥ i. bâ—â— armen sanguin dracon spodii rosar mastich terrae sigil myrrhae an â„¥ ii cum oxymelite conficiantur secundum artem trochisci Let the patient take Ê’ ss dissolved in whay ptisan barlie-water and the like they may also be profitably dissolved in plantain-water and injected into the bladder Let the patient abstain from wine and instead thereof let him use barlie-water or hydromel or a ptisan made of an ounce of raisins of the Sun Drink instead of wine stoned and boiled in five pints of fair water in an earthen pipkin well leaded or in a glass untill one pint be consumed adding thereto of liquorice scraped and beaten â„¥ i. of the cold seeds likewise beaten two drams Let it after it hath boiled a little more be strained through an hypocras bag with a quartern of sugar and two drams of choice cinnamon added thereto and so let it be kept for usual drink CHAP. LVI Of the Diabete or inabilitie to hold the Vrine THe Diabete is a disease wherein presently after one hath drunk the urine is presently made in great plentie What Diabete is by the dissolution of the retentive faculty of the reins and the depravation or immoderation of the attractive faculty The external causes are the unseasonable and immoderate use of hot and diuretick things and all more violent and vehement exercises The causes The internal causes are the inflammation of the liver lungs spleen but especially of the kidnies and bladder This affect must be diligently distinguished from the excretion of the morbifick causes by urine Signs The loins in this disease are molested with a pricking and biteing pain and there is a continual and unquenchable thirst and although this disease proceed from a hot distemper Why the urines are watrish yet the urine is not coloured red troubled or thick but thin and white or waterish by reason the matter thereof makes very small stay in the stomach liver and hollow vein being presently drawn away by the heat of the kidnies or bladder If the affect long endure the patient for want of nourishment falleth away whence certain death ensues For the cure of so great a disease the matter must be purged which causes or feeds the inflammation or phlegmon and consequently blood must be let We must abstain from the four cold seeds for although they may profit by their first qualitie The cure yet will they hurt by their diuretick faculty Refrigerating and astringent nourishments must be used and such as generate gross humors as rice thick and astringent wine mixed with much water Narcotick things to be applied to the loins Exceeding cold yea narcotick things shall be applied to the loins for otherwise by reason of the thickness of the muscles of those parts the force unless of exceeding refrigerating things will not be able to arrive at the reins of this kinde are oil of white poppie henbane opium purslain and lettuce-seed mandrage vinegar and the like of which cataplasms plasters and ointments may be made fit to corroborate the parts and correct and heat CHAP. LVII Of the Strangurie What the Strangurie is THe Strangurie is an affect haveing some affinitie with the Diabete as that wherein the water is involuntarily made but not together at once but by drops continually and with pain The causes The external causes of a strangurie are the too abundant drinking of cold water and all too long stay in a cold place The internal causes are the defluxion of cold humors into the urinarie parts for hence they are resolved by a certain palsie and the sphincter of the bladder is relaxed so that he cannot hold his water according to his desire inflammation also and all distemper causeth this affect and whatsoever in some sort obstructs the passage of the urine as clotted blood thick phlegm gravel and the like And because according to Galens opinion all sorts of distemper may cause this disease diverse medicines shall be appointed according to the difference of the distemper Therefore against a cold distemper fomentations shall be provided of a decoction of mallows Com. ad aphor 15. sect 3. roses origanum calamint and the like and so applied to the privities then presently after let them be anointed with oil of bays and of Castoreum and the like Strong and pure wine shall be prescribed for his drink and that not only in this cause but also when the strangurie happens by the occasion of obstruction caused by a gross and cold humor if so be that the body be not plethorick But if inflammation together with a Plethora oâ— fulness hath caused this affect we may according to Galens advice Ad aphor 48. sect 7. heal it by blood-letting But if obstruction be in fault that shall be taken away by diureticks either hot or cold according to the condition of the matter obstructing We here omit to speak of the Dysuria or difficultie of making water because the remedies are in general the same with those which are used in the Ischuriae or suppression of urine CHAP. LVIII Of the Cholick WHensoever the guts being obstructed or otherwise affected the excrements are hindred from passing forth and if the fault be in the small guts the affect is termed Volvulus Ileos and Miserere mei but if it be in
garlick have not their heads troubled Garlick good against the Plague nor their inward parts inflamed as Country-People and such as are used to it to such there can be no more certain preservative and Antidote against the pestiferous fogs or mists and the nocturnal obscurity then to take it in the morning with a draught of good wine for it being abundantly diffused presently over all the body fills up the passages thereof and strengthneth it in a moment For water if the Plague proceed from the tainture of the Air we must wholly shun and avoid Rain-water What water to be made choice of in the plague-time because it cannot but be infected by the contagion of the Air. Wherefore the water of Springs and of the deepest Wells are thought best But if the malignity proceed from the vapors contained in the Earth you must make choice of Rain-water Yet it is more safe to digest every sort of water by boyling it and to prefer that water before other which is pure and clear to the sight and without either taste or smell and which besides suddenly takes the extremest mutation of heat and cold CHAP. VII Of the Cordial Remedies by which we may preserve our Bodies in fear of the Plague and cure those already infected therewith SUch as cannot eat without much labour exercise and hunger and who are no lovers of Break-fasts having evacuated their excrements before they go from home must strengthen the heart with some Antidote against the virulency of the infection Amongst which Aqua Theriacalis Aqua Theriacalis good against the Plague both inwardly taken and outwardly applied or Treacle-water two ounces with the like quantity of Sack is much commended being drunk and rubbing the Nostrils Mouth and Ears with the same for the Treacle-water strengthens the heart expells poyson and is not only good for a preservative but also to cure the disease it self For by sweat it drives forth the poyson contained within It should be made in June at which time all simple medicines by the vital heat of the Sun ate in their greatest efficacy The composition thereof The composition whereof is thus Take the roots of Gentian Ciperus Tormentil Diptam or Fraxella Elecampane of each one ounce the leaves of Mullet Carduus Benedictus Divels-bit Burnet Scabious Sheeps-sorrel of each half a handful of the tops of Rue a little quantity of Mittle-berries one ounce of red Rose-leaves the flowers of Bugloss Borage and S. Johns wott of each one ounce let them be all cleansed dried and maceâ—ated for the space of twenty-four hours in one pound of white wine or Malmsie and of Rose-water or Sorrel-water then let them be put in a vessel of glass and add thereto of Treacle and Mithridate of each four ounces then distill them in Balneo Mariae and let the distilled water be received in a Glass-Viol and let there be added thereto of Saffron two drams of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata yellow Sanders shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half an ounce then let the glass be well stopped and set in the Sun for the space of eight or ten dayes Let the prescribed quantity be taken every morning so oft as shall be needful It may be given without hurt to sucking children and to Women great with childe But that it may be the more pleasant it must be strained through an Hippocras-bag adding thereto some sugar and cinnamon Some think themselves sufficiently defended with a root of Elecampane Zedoary or Angelica rowled in their mouth or chawed between their teeth Others drink every morning one dram of the root of Gentian bruised being macerated for the space of one night in two ounces of white wine Others take Worm-wood-wine Others sup in a rare egg one dram of Terra Sigillata or of Harts-horn with a little Saffron and drink two ounces of wine after it There be some that do infuse Bole-Armenick the roots of Gentian Tormentil Diptam the berries af Juniper Cloves Mace Cinnamon Saffron and such like in aqua vitae and strong white wine and so distill it in Balneo Mariae This Cordial water that followeth is of great vertue A cordial water Take of the roots of the long and round Aristolechia Tormentil Diptam of each three drams of Zedoary two drams Lignum Aloes yellow Sanders of each one dram of the leaves of Scordium St. Johns-wort Sorrel Rue Sage of each half an ounce of Bay and Juniper-berries of each three drams Citron-feeds one Dram Cloves Macc Nutmegs of each two drams of Mastich Olibanum Bole-Armenick Terra Sitillata shavings of Harts horn and Ivory of each one ounce of Saffron one scruple of the Conserves of Roses Bugloss-flowers water-lillies and old Treacle of each one ounce of Champhire half a dram of aqua vitae half a pinte of white wine two pints and a half make thereof a dissillation in Balneo Mariae The use of this distilled water is even as Treacle water is The Eâ—ectuary following is very effectual Take of the best Treacle three ounces A Cordial Electuary Juniper-berries and Carduus-seeds of each one dram and a half of Bole-Armenick prepared half an ounce of the powder of the Electuary de Gemmis and Diamargariton frigidum the powder of Harts-horn and red Coral of each one dram mix them with the syrup of the rindes and juice of Pome-Citrons as much as shall suffice and make thereof a liquid Electuary in the form of an Opiate let them take every morning the quantity of a Filberd drinking after it two drams of the water of Scabious Cherries Carduus Benedictus and of some such like cordial thing or of strong wine The following Opiate is also very profitable which also may be made into tablets An Opiate Take of the roots of Angelica Gentian Zedoary Elecampane of two drams of Citron and Sorrel-seeds of each half a dram of the dried rindes of Citrons Cinnamon Bay and Juniper-berties and Saffron of each one scruple of conserve of Roses and Bugloss of each one ounce and fine hard Sugar as much as is sufficient make thereof Tablets of the weight of half a dram let him take one of them two hours before meat or make thereof a Opiate with equal parts of conserves of Bugloss and Mel Anthosatum and so adding all the rest drie and in powder Another Or take of the roots of Valerian Tormentil Diptam of the leaves of Rue of each half an ounce of saffron Mace Nutmegs of each half a dram of Bole-Armenick prepared halfe an ounce of conserve of Roses and syrup of Lemmons as much as will be sufficient to make thereof an Opiate liquid enough Another Or take of the roots of both the Aristolochiaes of Gentian Tormentil Diptam of each one dram and a half of Ginger three drams of the leaves of Rue Sage Mints and Penny-royal of each two drams of Bay and Juniper-berries Citron-seeds of each four scruples of Mace Nutmegs Cloves Cinnamon of
each two drams of Lignum aloes and yellow Sanders of each one dram of Male-Frankincense i. Olibanum Mastich shavings of Harts-Horn and Ivory of each two scruples of Saffron half a dram of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata red Coral Pearl of each one dram of conserves of Roses Bugloss-flowers water-lillies and old Treacle of each one ounce of Loaf-sugar one pound and a quarter a little before the end of the making it up add two drams of Confectio Alkermes and of Camphire dissolved in Rose water one scruple make thereof an Opiare according to Art the dose thereof is from half a dram to half a scruple Treacle and Mithridate faithfully compounded excell all Cordial medicines adding for every half ounce of them one ounce and an half of Conserves of Roses or of Bugloss or of Violets and three drams of Bole-Armenick prepared Of these being mixt with stirring and incorporated together make a conserve it must be taken in the morning the quantity of a Filberd You must â—huse that treacle that is not less then fower years old nor above twelve that which is somewhat â—ew is judged to be most meet for cholerick persons but that which is old for flegmatick and old men For at the beginning the strength of the Opium that enters into the composition thereof remains in its full vertue for a year but afterwards the more years old it waxeth the strength thereof is more abolished so that at length the whole composition becometh very hot The confection of Alkermes is very effectual both for a preservative against this disease and also for the cure The quantity of a Filberd of Rubard with one Clove chawed or rowled in the mouth is supposed to repell the coming of the pestilent Air as also this composition following A Confection to be taken in the morning against the pestilent Air. Take of preserved Citron and Orange pils of each one dram of conserve of Roses and of the roots of Bugloss of each three drams of Citron-seeds half an ounce of Annise-seeds and Fennel-seeds of each one dram of Angelica-Roots four scruples sugar of Roses as much as sufficeth Make a confection and cover it with leaves of Gold to take a little of it upon a spoon before you to abroad every morning Or take of Pine-apple-kernels and Fistick-nuts A March-pans infused for the space of six hours in the water of Scabions and Roses of each two ounces of Almonds blanched in the fore-named waters half a pound of preserved Citron and Orange pills of each one dram and an half of Angelica-roots four scruples make them according to art unto the form of March-pane or of any other such like confection and hold a little piece thereof often in your mouth The Tablets following are most effectual in such a case Take of the roots of Diptam Tormentil Valerian Elecampane Eringoes of each half a dram of Bole-Armenck Terra Sigillata of each one scruple of Camphire Cinnamon Sorrel-Seeds and Zedoary of each one scruple of the species of the electuary Diamargariton frigidum two scruples of conserve of Roses Bugloss preserved-Citton-pills Mithridate Treacle of each one dram of fine Sugar dissolved in Scabions and carduus-Carduus-water as much as shall suffice Make thereof Tablets of the weight of a dram or half a dram take them in the morning before you eat Pills of Ruffus The pills of Ruffus are accounted most effectual preservatives so that Ruffus himself saith that he never knew any to be infected that used them the composition of them is thus Take of the best Aloes half a dram of Gum-Ammoniacum two drams of Myrrh two drams and an half of Mastich two drams of Saffron seven grains put them all together and incorporate them with the juice of Citrons or the syrup of Limons and make thereof a mass and let it be kept in leather Let the patient take the weight of half a dram every morning two or three hours before meat and let him drink the water of Sorrel after it which through its tartness and the thinness of its parts doth infringe the force and power of the malignity or putrefaction For experience hath taught us that Sorrel being eaten or chawed in the mouth doth make the pricking of Scorpions unhurtful And for those ingredients which do enter into the composition of those pills Aloes doth clense and purge Myrrh resists putrefaction Mastich strengthens Saffron exhilerates and makes lively the spirits that govern the body especially the vital and animal Other pills Those pils that follow are also much approved Take of Aloes one ounce of Myrrh half an ounce of Saffron one scruple of Agarick in Trochisces two drams of Rubarb in powder one dram of Cinnamon two scruples of Mastich one dram and a half of Citron-seeds twelve grains powder them all as is requisite and make thereof a mass with the syrup of Maiden-hair let it be used as aforesaid If the mass begin to wax hard the pills that must presently be taken must be mollified with the syrup of Limons Other pills Take of washed Aloes two ounces of Saffron one dram of Myrrh half an ounce of Ammoniacum dissolved in white wine one ounce of hony of Roses Zedoary red Sanders of each one dram of Bole-Armenick prepared two drams of red coral half an ounce of Camphiâ—e half a scruple make thereof pills according to art But those that are subject or apt to the hoemorrhoids ought not at all or very seldom to use those kinds of pills that do receive much Aloes They say that King Mithridates affirmed by his own writing that whosoever took the quantity of an hasel-nut of the preservative following and drank a little wine after it should be free from poyson that day Take two Wall-nuts those that be very dry two Figs twenty leaves of Rue and three grains of Salt beat them and incorporate them together and let them be used as is aforesaid This remedy is also said to be profitable for those that are bitten or stung by some venomous beast and for this only because it hath Rue in the composition thereof But you must forbid women that are with childe the use of this medicine for Rue is hot and dry in the third degree and therefore it is said to purge the womb and provoke the flowers whereby the nourishment is drawn away from the childe Of such variety of medicines every one may make choice of that is most agreeable to his taste and as much thereof as shall be sufficient CHAP. VIII Of local medicines to be applyed outwardly THose medicines that have proper and excellent vertues against the pestilence are not to be neglected to be applyed outwardly or carryed in the hand And such are all aromatical astringent or spirituous things which therefore are endued with vertue to repel the venomous and pestiferous air from coming and entring into the body and to strengthen the heart and brain Of this kinde are Rue Balm Rosemary Scordium Sage Worm-wood Cloves Nut-megs
Saffron the roots of Angelica and Lovage and such like which must be macerated one night in sharp Vineger and Aqua vitae and then tied in a knot as big as an egg or rather let it be carried in a sponge made wet or soaked in the said infusion For there is nothing that doth sooner and better hold the spirituous virtue and strength of aromatick things then a sponge Wherefore it is of principal use either to keep or hold sweet things to the nose or to apply Epithems and Fomentations to the heart Of what nature the medicines outwardly used ought to be Those sweet things ought to be hot or cold as the season of the year and kinde of the pestilence is As for example in the Summer you ought to infuse and macerate Cinnamon and Cloves beaten together with a little Saffron in equal parts of vineger of Roses and Rose-water into which you must dip a sponge which rowled in a fair linnen cloth you may carry in your hand and often smell to Take of Worm-wood half a handful ten Cloves of the roots of Gentian and Angelica of each two drams of vineger and rose-Rose-water of each two ounces of Treacle and Mithridate of each one dram beat and mix them well all together and let a sponge be dipped therein and used as above said They may also be inclosed in boxes made of sweet wood as of Juniper Cedar or cypress and so carried for the same purpose But there is nothing more easie to be carryed then Pomanders the form of which is thus Take of yellow Sanders Mace Citron-pills Rose and Mirtle-leavs of each two drams of Benzoin Ladanum Storax of each half a dram of Cinnamon and Saffron of each two scruples of Camphire and Amber-Greece of each one scruple of Musk three grains Make thereof a Pomander with rose-Rose-water with the infusion of Tragacanth Or take red-Rose-leavs Pomanders the flowers of Water-lillies and Violets of each one ounce of the three Sanders Coriander-seeds Citron-pills of each half an ounce of Camphire one dram let them all be made into powder and with Water of Roses and Tragacanth make a pomander In the Winter it is to be made thus Take of Storax Benzoin of each one dram and a half of Musk half a scruple of Cloves Lavander and Ciperus of each two drams of the root of Orris i.e. Flower-de-luce and Calamus aromaticus of each two drams and a half of Amber-Greece three drams of Gum-Tragacanth dissolved in rose-Rose-water and aqua vitae as much as shall suffice make thereof a Pomander And for the same purpose you may also use to carry about with you sweet powders Sweet powders made of Amber-Greece Storax Orris Nutmegs Cinnamon Mace Cloves Saffron Benzoin Musk Camphire Roses Violets Juncus odoratus Marjarum and such like of which being mixed together Powders may be compounded and made Take of the roots of Orris two drams of Cyperus Calamus aromatïcus red Roses of each half an ounce of Cloves half a dram of Storax one dram of Musk eight grains mix them and make a powder for a bag or take the roots of Orris two ounces red Rose-leavs white Sanders Storax of each one dram of Cyperus one ounce of Calamus aromaticus one ounce of Marjarum half an ounce of Cloves three drams of Lavander half a dram of Coriander-seeds two drams of good Musk half a Scruple of Ladanum and Benzoin of each a dram of Nutmegs and Cinnamon of each two drams Make thereof a fine powder and sow it in a bag It will be very convenient also to apply to the region of the heart Bags a bag filled with yellow Sanders Mace Cloves Cinnamon Saffron and Treacle shaken together and incorporated and sprinkled over with strong vinegar and rose-Rose-water in Summer and with strong wine and Muskadine in the Winter The sweet Aromatick things that are so full of spirits smelling sweetly and strongly have admirable vertues to strengthen the principal parts of the body and to stir up the expulsive faculty to expel the poyson Contrarywise those that are stinking and unsavory procure a desire to vomit Unsavory things to be eschewed and dissolution of the powers by which it is manifest how foolish and absurd their perswasion is that counsel such as are in a pestilent constitution of the Air to receive and take in the stinking and unsavory vapours of sinks and privies and that especially in the morning But it will not suffice to carry those preservatives alone without the use of any other thing but it will be also very profitable to wash all the whole body in Vinegar of the decoction of Juniper and Bay-berries the Roots of Gentian Marigolds S. Johns-Wort and such like with Treacle or Mithridate also dissolved in it For vinegar is an enemy to all poysons in general whether they be hot or cold for it resisteth and hindereth putrefaction Neither is it to be feared that it should obstruct the pores by reason of its coldness if the body be bathed in it for it is of subtil parts and the spices boiled in it have virtue to open Whosoever accounteth it hurtful to wash his whole body therewith let him wash only his arm-holes the region of his heart his temples groins parts of generation as having great and marvellous sympathy with the principal and noble parts If any mislike bathing let him annoint himself with the following Unguent An Unguent Take oyl of Roses four ounces oyl of Spike two ounces of the powder of Cinnamon and Cloves of each one ounce and a half of Benzoin half an ounce of Musk six grains of Treacle half a dram of Venice-Turpentine one dram and a half of Wax as much as shall suffice make thereof a soft Unguent You may also drop a few drops of oyl of Mastich of Sage or of Cloves and such like into the ears with a little Civet or Musk. CHAP. IX Of other things to be observed for prevention in fear of the Plague VEnery is chiefly to be eschewed for by it the powers are debilitated Why Venery is to be shunned the spirits dissipated and the breathing places of the body diminished and lastly all the strength of nature weakned A sedentary life is to be shunned as also excess in diet for hence proceeds obstruction the corruption of the juices and preparation of the body to putrefaction and the pestilence Women must be very careful that they have their courses duely for stopping besides the custom they easily acquire corruption and draw by contagion the rest of the humors into their society Such as have fistuloes or otherwise old ulcers must not heal them up in a pestilent season Running ulcers good in time of pestilence for it is then more convenient rather to make new ones and these in convenient and declining places that as by these channels the sink of the humors of the body may be emptied The Hemorhoids bleedings and other the like accustomed evacuations must
and nature be too weak and yield and that first he be troubled with often panting or palpitation of the heart then presently after with frequent faintings the patient then at length will die For this is a great sign of the Plague or a pestilent Fever if presently at the first with no labour nor any evacuation worth the speaking of their strength fail them and they become exceeding faint You may find the other signs mentioned in our preceding discourse CHAP. XIX Into what place the Patient ought to betake himself so soon as he finds himself infected Change of the Air conduceth to the cure of the Plague WE have said that the perpetual and first original of the Pestilence cometh of the Air therefore so soon as one is blasted with the pestiferous Air after he hath taken some preservative against the malignity thereof he must withdraw himself into some wholesome Air that is clean and pure from any venomous infection or contagion for there is great hope of health by the alteration of the Air for we do most frequently and abundantly draw in the Air of all things so that we cannot want it for a minute of time therefore of the Air that is drawn in dependeth the correction amendment or increase of the poyson or malignity that is received as the Air is pure sincere or corrupted There be some that do think it good to shut the patient in a close chamber shutting the windows to prohibit the entrance of the Air as much as they are able But I think it more convenient that those windows should be open from whence that wind bloweth that is directly contrary unto that which brought in the venomous Air Air pent up is apt to putrefie For although there be no other cause yet if the Air be not moved or agitated but shut up in a close place it will soon be corrupted Therefore in a close and quiet place that is not subject to the entrance of the Air I would wish the Patient to make winde or to procure Air with a thick and great cloth dipped or macerated in water and vinegar mixed together and tied to a long staff that by tossing it up and down the close chamber the winde or air thereof may cool and recreate the Patient The Patient must every day be carryed into a fresh chamber and the beds and the linnen cloaths must be changed there must alwayes be a clear and bright fire in the Patients chamber and especially in the night whereby the air may be made more pure clean and void of nightly vapors and of the filthy and pestilent breath proceeding from the Patient or his excrements In the mean time lest if it be in hot weather the Patient should be weakned or made more faint by reason that the heat of the fire doth disperse and wast his spirits the floor or ground of his chamber must be sprinkled or watered with vineger and water or strowed with the branches of Vines made moist in cold water with the leaves and flowers of Water-lillies or Poplar or such like In the fervent heat of Summer he must abstain from Fumigations that do smell too strongly because that by assaulting the head they increase the pain If the Patient could go to that cost it were good to hang all the chamber where he lyeth and also the bed with thick or course linnen cloaths moistned in vineger and water of Roses Those linnen cloaths ought not to be very white but somewhat brown because much and great whiteness doth disperse the sight and by wasting the spirits doth increase the pain of the head for which cause also the chamber ought not to be very lightsome Contrariwise on the night season there ought to be fires and perfumes made which by their moderate light may moderately call forth the spirits The materials for sweet fires Sweet-fires may be made of little pieces of the wood of Juniper Broom Ash Tamarisk of the rind of Oranges Lemmons Cloves Benzoin Gum-Arabick Orris-roots Myrrh grosly beaten together and laid on the burning coals put into a chafing-dish Truly the breath or smoak of the wood or berries of Juniper is thought to drive serpents a great way from the place where it is burnt Lib. 16. cap. 13. The virtue of the Ash-tree against venom is so great as Pliny testifieth that a Serpent will not come under the shadow thereof no not in the morning nor evening when the shadow of any thing is most great and long but he will run from it I my self have proved that if a circle or compass be made with the boughs of an Ash-tree and a fire made in the midst thereof and a Serpent put within the compass of the boughs that the Serpent will rather run into the fire then through the Ash-boughs There is also another means to correct the Air. You may sprinkle Vinegar of the decoction of Rue Sage Rosemary Bay-berries Juniper-berries Ciprus-nuts and such like on stones or bricks red hot and put in a pot or pan that all the whole chamber where the Patient lyeth may be perfumed with the vapor thereof Perfumes Also Fumigations may be made of some matter that is more gross and clammy that by the force of the fire the fume may continue the longer as of Laudanum Myrrh Mastich Rosin Turpentine Stâ—rax Olibanum Benzoin Bay-berries Juniper-berries Cloves Sage Rosemary and Marjerom stamped together and such like Sweet candles Those that are rich and wealthy may have Candles and Fumes made of Wax or Tallow mixed with some sweet things A sponge macerated in Vineger of Roses and Water of the same and a little of the decoction of Cloves and of Camphire added thereto ought alwayes to be ready at the Patients hand that by often smelling unto it the animal spirits may be recreated and strengthned A sweet water to smell to The water following is very effectual for this matter Take of Orris four ounces of Zedoary Spikenard of each six drams of Storax Benzoin Cinnamon Nutmegs Cloves of each one ounce and half of old Treacle half an ounce bruise them into gross powder and macerate them for the space of twelve hours in four pound of white and strong wine then distil them in a Lembick of glass on hot ashes and in that liquor wet a sponge and then let it be tied in a linnen cloth or closed in a box and so often put into the nostrils Or take of the vinegar and water of Roses of each four ounces of Camphire six grains of Treacle half a dram let them be dissolved together and put into a vial of glass which the Patient may often put into his nose This Nodula following is more meet for this matter Take of Rose-leaves two pugils A Nodula to smell to of Orris half an ounce of Calamus aromaticus Cinnamon Cloves of each two drams of Storax and Benzoin of each one dram and a half of Cyprus half a dram beat them
to overcome the contagion After moderate walking the patient must be put warm to bed and covered with many cloaths and warm brick-bats or tiles applied to the soles of his feet or in stead thereof you may use Swines bladders filled with hot water and apply them to the groins and arm-holes to provoke sweat for sweating in this disease is a most excellent remedy both for to evacuate the humors in the fever and also to drive forth the malignity in the pestilence although every sweat brings not forth the fruit of health For George Agricola saith that he saw a woman at Misnia in Germany that did sweat so for the space of three daies that the blood came forth at her head and brest and yet nevertheless she died A sudorifick potion This potion following will provoke sweat Take the roots of China shaved in thin pieces one ounce and half of Guaicum two ounces of the bark of Tamarisk one ounce of Angelica-roots two drams of the shavings of Harts-horn one ounce of Juniper-berries three drams put them into a viol of glass that will contain six quarts put thereto four quarts of running or river-water that is pure and clear macerate them for the space of one whole night on the ashes and in the morning boil them all in Balneo Mariae untill the half be consumed which will be done in the space of six hours then let them be strained through a bag and then strained again but let that be with six ounces of sugar of Roses and a little Treacle let the patient take eight ounces or fewer of that liquor and it will provoke sweat The powder following is also very profitable Take of the leavs of Dictamnus A sudorifick powder the roots of Tormentil Betony of each half an ounce of Bole-Armenick prepared one ounce of Terra Sigillata three drams of Aloes and Myrrh of each half a dram of Saffron one dram of Mastich two drams powder them all according to art and give one dram thereof dissolved in rose-Rose-water or the water of wilde sorrel and let the patient walk so soon as he hath taken that powder then let him be laid in his bed to sweat as I have shewed before A distilled water against the Plague The water following is greatly commended against poyson Take the roots of Gentian and Cyperus of each three drams of Carduus Benedictus Burnet of each one handful of Sorrel seeds and Devils-bit of each two pugils of Ivy and Juniper-berries of each half an ounce of the flowers of Bugloss Violets and red-Roses of each two pugils powder them somewhat grosly then soak or steep them for a night in white wine and rose-Rose-water then add thereto of Bole-Armenick one ounce of Treacle half an ounce distill them all in Balneo Mariae and keep the distilled liquor in a viol of glass well covered or close stopped for your use let the patient take six ounces thereof with Sugar and a little Cinnamon and Saffron then let him walk and then sweat as is aforesaid the treacle and cordial-water formerly prescribed Another are very profitable for this purpose Also the water following is greatly commended Take of Sorrel six handfuls of Rue one handful dry them and macerate them in vinegar for the space of four and twenty hours adding thereto four ounces of Treacle make thereof a distillation in Balneo Mariae and let the distilled water be kept for your use What means to be used in sweating and so soon as the patient doth think himself to be infected let him take four ounces of that liquor then let him walk and sweat He must leave sweating when he beginneth to wax faint and weak or when the humor that runs down his body begins to wax cold then his body must be wiped with warm cloaths and dried The patient ought not to sweat with a full stomach for so the heat is called away from performing the office of concoction also he must not sleep when he is in his sweat lest the malignity go inwardly with the heat and spirits unto the principal parts but if the patient be much inclined to sleep he must be kept from it with hard rubbing and bands tied about the extreme parts of his body and with much noise of those that are about him and let his friends comfort him with the good hope that they have of his recovery but if all this will not keep him from sleep dissolve Castoreum in tart vinegar and aqua vitae and let it be injected into his nostrils and let him be kept continually waking the first day and on the second and third even unto the fourth that is to say unto the perfect expulsion of the venom and let him not sleep above three or four hours on a day and a night In the mean time leâ— the Physician that shall be present consider all things by his strength for it is to be feared that great watchings will dissolve the strength and make the patient weak you must not let him eat within three hours after his sweating in the mean season as his strength shall require let him take the rinde of a preserved Citron eonserve of Roses bread tosted and steeped in wine the meat of preserved Myrabolane or some such like thing CHAP. XXIII Of Epithemes to be used for the strengthening of the principal parts THere are also some topick medicines to be reckoned amongst Antidotes Whereof they must be made which must be outwardly applyed as speedily as may be as cordial and hepatick Epithems for the safety of the noble parts and strengthening of the faculties as those that drive the venenate air far from the bowels they may be made of cordial things not only hot but also cold that they may temper the heat and more powerfully repercuss They must be applied warm with scarlet or a double linnen cloth or a soft spunge dipped in them if so be that a Carbuncle do not possess the regions of the most noble parts Repercussives not fit to be applied to Carbuncles for it is not fit to use repercussives to a Carbuncle You may make Epithems after the following forms â„ž aquar ros plantag solan an â„¥ iv aquae acetos vini granat aceti an â„¥ iii. santal rub coral rub pulveris an Ê’ iii. theriac vet â„¥ ss camph. ℈ â—i croci ℈ i. carioph Ê’ ss misce fiat epithema Or else â„ž aqu ros plantag an â„¥ x. aceti ros â„¥ iv caryoph sant rub coral rub pulveris pul diamargarit frigid an Ê’ i ss camphurae moschi an ℈ i. fiat epithema Or â„ž aquar rosar melissae an â„¥ iv aceti ros â„¥ iii. sant rub Ê’ i. caryophil Ê’ ss croci ℈ ii camphurae ℈ i. boli arm terra sigil zedoar an Ê’i fiat epithema Or else â„ž aceti ros aquae rosat an lb. ss camphuraeÊ’ ss theriac mithridat an Ê’i fiat epithema Or else aqu rosar nenuph buglos acetosae
his belly and make him to sweat Truly those that are wounded or bit with venomous beasts If they bind broom above the wound it will prohibit or hinder the venom from dispersing it self or going any further therefore a drink made thereof will prohibit the venom from going any nearer the heart Some take of the root of Elecampane Gentian Tormentil Kermes-berries and broom of the powder of Ivory and Harts-horn of each half a dram they do bruise and beat all these and infuse them for the space of four and twenty hours in white wine and aqua vitae on the warm embers and then strain it and give the patient three or four ounces thereof to drink this provokes sweat and infringeth the power of the poysons and the potion following hath the same virtue Take good Mustard half an ounce of Treacle or Mithridate the weight of a bean A Potion dissolve them in white wine and a little aqua vitae and let the patient drink it and sweat thereon with walking You may also roast a great Onion made hollow and filled with half a dram of Treacle and vinegar under the embers and then strain it and mix the juice that is pressed out of it with the water of Sorrel Carduus Benedictus or any other cordial thing and with strong wine and give the paticet to drink thereof to provoke sweat to repel the malignity Or else take as much Garlick as the quantity of a Nut of Rue and celandine of each twenty leaves bruise them all in white wine and a little aqua vitae then strain it and give the patient thereofto drink There besome that do drink the juice that is pressed out of Celandine and Mallows with three ounces of Vinegar and half an ounce of the oil of Wall-nuts and then by much walking do unburthen their stomach and belly upwards end downwards and so are helped When the venomous air hath already crept into and infected the humors one dram of the dried leaves of the Bay-tree macerated for the space of two dayes in Vinegar and drunk is thought to be a most soveraign medicine to provoke sweat loosnes of the belly and vomiting Matthiolus in his Treatise de Morbo gallico writeth that the powder of Mercury ministred unto the patient with the juice of Carduus Benedictus or with the Electuary de Gemmis will drive away the pestilence before it be confirmed in the body by provoking vomit loosness of the belly and seat one dram of Calcauchum of white Copperas dissolved in rose-Rose-water performeth the like effect in the same disease Some do give the patient a little quantity of the oil of Scorpions with white wine to expel the the poyson by vomit and therewithall they annoint the region of the heart the breast and the wrists of the hands I think these very meet to be used often in bodies that are strong and well exercised because weaker medicines do evacuate little or nothing at all but only move the humors whereby cometh a Fever When a sufficient quantity of the malignity is evacuated then you must minister things that may strengthen the belly and stomach and with-hold the agitation or working of the humors and such is the confection of Alkermes CHAP. XXVI Of many Symptoms which happen together with the Plague and first of the pain of the head The cause of phrensie in the Plague IF the malignity be carried into the brain and nature be not able to expel it it inflames not only it but also the menbranes that cover it which inflamation doth one while hurt trouble or abolish the imagination another while the judgment and sometimes the memory according to the situation of the inflamation whether it be in the former or hinder or middle part of the head but hereof cometh alwaies a Phrensie with fiery redness of the eies and face and heaviness and burning of the whole head If this will not be amended with Clysters and with opening the Cephalick vein in the arm the arteries of the Temples must be opened taking so much blood out of them The benefit of opening an artery as the greatness of the Symptoms and the strength of the patient shall require and permit Truly the incision that is made in opening an arterie will close and joyn together as readily and with as little difficulty as the incision of the vein And of such an incision of an artery cometh present help by reason that tensive and sharp vapours do plentifully breath out together with the arterious blood It were also very good to provoke a flux of blood at the nose Aph. 10. sect 6. if nature be apt to exonerate her self that way For as Hippocrates saith when the head is grieved or generally aketh if matter water or blood flow out at the nostrils mouth or ears it presently cures the disease Such bleeding is to be provoked by strong blowing or striving to cleanse the nose by scratching or pricking of the inner side of the nostrils by pricking with an hors hair and long holding down of the head An history The Lord of Fontains a Knight of the Order when we were at Bayon had a bleeding at the nose which came naturally for the space of two dayes and thereby be was freed of a pestilent Fever which he had before a great sweat arising there-withall and shortly after his Carbuncles came to suppuration To stay bleeding and by Gods grace he recovered his health being under my cure If the blood do flow out and cannot be stopped when it ought the hands arms and legs must be tied with hands and sponges wet in Oxycrate must be put under the arm-holes cupping glasses must be applied unto the dugs the region of the Liver and Spleen and you must put into the nostrils the doun of the willow-tree or any other astringent medicine incorporated with the hairs plucks from he flank belly or throat of an Hare Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata the juice of Plantaine and Knot-grass mixed together and furthermore the patient must be placed or laied in a cool place But if the patient be nothing mitigated notwithstanding all these fluxes of blood we must come to medicines that procure sleep whose forms are these Medicines to procure sleep Take of green Lettuce one handful flowers of water-Lillies and Violets of each two pugils one head of white-Poppy bruised of the four cold seeds of each two drams of Liquorice and Raisins of each one dram make thereof a decoction and in the straining dissolve one ounce and a half of Diacodium make thereof a large potion to be given when they go to rest Also Barly-cream may be prepared in the water of water-Lillies and of Sorrel of each two ounces adding thereto six or eight grains of Opium of the four cold seeds and of white-Poppy seeds of each half an ounce and let the same be boiled in broth with Lettuce and Purslain also the pils de Cynoglesso i. e. Hounds-tongue
may be given Clysters that provoke sleep must be used which may be thus prepared Take of Barly-water half a pirate oil of Violets and water-Lillies of each two ounces of the water of Plantain and Purslain or rather of their juice three ounces of Camphire seven grains and the whites of three eggs make thereof a Clyster The head must be fomented with Rose-vinegar the hair being first shaved away leaving a double cloth wet therein on the same and often renewed Sheeps-lungs taken warm out of the bodies may be applyed to the head as long as they are warm Cupping-glasses with and without scarification may be applied to the neck and shoulder-blades The arms and legs must be strongly bound being first well rubbed to divert the sharp vapors and humors from the head Frontals may also be made on this manner Take of the oil of Rose and water-Lillies of each two ounces of the oil of Poppy half an ounce of Opium one dram of Rose-vinegar one ounce of Camphire half a dram mix them together Also Nodulaes may be made of the flowers of Poppies Henbane water-Lillies Mandrags beaten in rose-Rose-water with a little Vinegar and a little Camphire and let them be often applied to the nostrils for this purpose Cataplasms also may be laid to the forehead As Take of the mucilage of the seeds of Psilium id est Flea-wort and Quince-seeds extracted in rose-Rose-water three ounces of Barly-meal four ounces of the powder of Rose-leaves the flowers of water-Lillies and Violets of each half an ounce of the seeds of Poppies and purslain of each two ounces A Cataplasm of the water and vinegar of Roses of each ounces make thereof a Cataplasm and apply it warm to the head Or take of the juice of Lettuce of water-Lillies Henbane purslain of each half a pinte of Rose-leaves in powder the seeds of Poppy of each half an ounce oil of Roses three ounces of vinegar two ounces of Barlie-meal as much as shall suffice make thereof a Cataplasm in the form of a liquid Pultis When the heat of the head is mitigated by these medicines and the inflamtion of the brain asswaged we must come unto digesting and resolving fomentations which may disperse the matter of the vapours But commonly in pain of the head they do use to binde the forehead and hinder part of the head very strongly which in this case must be avoided CHAP. XXVII Of the heat of the Kidneyes THe heat of the kidnies tempered by anointing with unguent refrigerans Galeni newly made adding thereto the whites of eggs well beaten that so the ointment may keep moist the longer let this liniment be renewed every quarter of an hour wiping away the reliques â—â—â—e old Or â„ž aq ros lb. ss succi plant â„¥ iv alb ovorum iv olei rosacei nenuph. an â„¥ ii An ointment for the reins acetires â„¥ iii. misce ad usum When you have annointed the part lay thereon the leaves of water-Lillies or the like old herbs and then presently thereupon a double linnen cloth dipped in oxycrate and wrung out again and often changed the patient shall not lie upon a fether-bed but on a quilt stuffed with the chaff of Oats or upon a Mat with many doubted cloaths or Chamlet spread thereon An ointment for the heart To the region of the heart may in the mean time he applied a refrigerating and alexiterial medicine as this which followeth â„ž ung rosat â„¥ iii. olei nonupharini â„¥ i. acet ros aq ros an â„¥ i. theriacae Ê’i croci Ê’ ss Of these melted and mixed otgether make a soft ointment which spred upon a scarlet cloth maybe applied to the region of the heart Or â„ž theriaca opt Ê’i ss The noise of dropping water draws on sleep succi citri acidi limonis an â„¥ ss coral rub sem rosar rub an Ê’ss camphurae croci an grain iii. let them be all mixed together and make an ointment or liniment At the head of the patient as he lies in his bed shall be set an Ewer or cock with a basin under it to receive the water which by the dropping may resemble rain Let the soles of the feet and palms of the hands be gently scratched and the patient lie far from noise and so at length he may fall to some rest CHAP. XXVIII Of the Eruptions and Spots which commonly are called by the name of Purples and Tokens THe skin in pestilent Fevers The differences of the spots in the Plague is marked and variegated in divers places with spots like unto the bitings of Fleas or Gnats which are not alwaies simple but many times arise in form like unto a grain of miller The more spots appear the better it is for the patient they are of divers colours according to the virulencie of the malignity and condition of the matter as red yellow brown violet or purple blew and black Their several names and the reasons of them And because for the most part they are of a purple colour therefore we call them purples Others call them Lenticulae because they have the colour and form of Lentiles They are also called Papiliones i. Butterflies because they do suddenly seize or fall upon divers regions of the body like unto winged Butterflies somtimes the face sometimes the arms and legs and sometimes all the whole body oftentimes they do not only affect the upper part of the skin but go deeper into the flesh When signs of death specially when they proceed matter that is gross and adust They do sometimes appear great and broad affecting the whole arm leg or face like unto an Erysipelas to conclude they are divers according to the variety of the humor that offends in quantity or quality If they are of a purple or black colour with often swounding and sink in suddenly without any manifest cause they fore-shew death The cause of the breaking out of those Spots is the working or heat of the blood by reason of the cruelty of the venom receieed or admitted They often arise at the beginning of a pestilent Fever many times before the breaking out of the Sore or Botch or Carbuncle and many times after but then they shew so great a corruption of the humors in the bodie that neither the sores nor carbuncles will suffice to receive them and therefore they appear as fore-runners of death Somtimes they break out alone without a botch or carbuncle which if they be red and have no evil symptoms joyned with them they are not went to prove deadly they appear for the most part on the third or fourth day of the disease and sometimeslater and sometimes they appear not before the patient be dead because the working or heat of the humours being the off-spring of putrefaction is not as yet restrained and ceased Why they sometimes appear after the death of the patient Wherefore then principally the putrid heat which is greatest a little
and congealing of blood A drink for the same purpose â„ž Ligni guajaci â„¥ viij radicis enulae camp consolid majoris Ireos Florent polypod querni seminis coriandri anisi an â„¥ ss glycyrhiz â„¥ ij nepetae centaureae caryophyl cardui ben verbenae an m. s aquae fontanae lib. xij Let them be all beaten and infused for the space of twelve hours then let them boil over a gentle fire untill the one half be consumed let the Patient drink some halfe a pint of this drink in the morning and then sweat some hours upon it in his bed and do this for seven or eight dayes If any poor man light upon such a mischance who for want of means cannot be at such cost it will be good having wrapped him in a sheet to bury him up to the chin in Dung mixed with some hay or straw and there to keep him untill he have sweat sufficiently I have done thus to many with very good success You shall also give the Patient potions made with syrups which have power to hinder the coagulation and putrefaction of the blood such as syrup of Vinegar or Lemmons of the juice of Citrons and such others to the quantity of an ounce dissolved in scabius or Cardnus water You may also presently after the fall give this drink which hath power to hinder the coagulation of the blood and strengthen the bowells â„ž Rhei elect in pul redacti ℈ j aquae ruliae majoris plantagin an â„¥ j. theriacaÊ’ ss syrupide rosis siccis â„¥ ss fiat pâ—â—us Let him take it in the morning for four or five dayes In stead hereof you may make a potion of one dram of Sperma ceti d ssolved in bugloss or some other of the waters formerly mentioned and half an ounce of syrup of Maiden-hair if the disease yield not at all to these formerly prescribed medicins it will be good to give the Patient for nine dayes three or four hours before meat A powder for the same some of the following powder â„ž rhei torrefacti rad rub majoris centaurei gentianae aristoli rotundae an â„¥ ss give Ê’j hereof with syrup of Vinegar and Carduus water They say that the water of green Walnuts distilled by an Alembick is good to dissolve congealed and knotted blood Also you may use baths made of the decoction of the roots of Orris Elecampane Sorrel Fennel Marshmallows Water-fern or Osmund the waterman the greater Comfrey the seeds of Faenugreek the leaves of Sage Marjerum the flowres of Camomile Melilote and the like For a warm Bath hath power to rarifie the skin The distilled water of green Walnuts Baths to dissolve the clotted blood by cutting the tough and mitigating the acrid humors by calling them forth into the surface of the body and relaxing the passages thereof so that the rebellious qualities being orecome there ensues an easie evacuation of the matter by vomit or expectoration if it flote in the Stomach or be contained in the Chest but by stool and urin if it lye in the lower parts by sweats and transpiration if it lye next under the skin Wherefore bathes are good for those who have a Peripneumonia or inflammation of their Lungs Lib 3 de vict aâ—ut lib. 3. de de meth or a Plurisie according to the mind of Hippocrates if so be that they be used when the feaver begins to be asswaged for so they mitigate pain help forwards suppuration and hasten the spitting up of the purulent matter But we would not have the Patient enter into the bath unless he have first used general remedies as blood-letting and purging for otherwise there will be no small danger lest the humors diffused by the heat of the bath cause a new defluxion into the parts affected Wherefore do not thou by any means attempt to use this or the like remedy having not first had the advice of a Physitian CHAP. III. How we must handle Contusions when they are joyned with a Wound EVery great Contusion forthwith requires Bloud-letting or purging or both and these either for evacuation or revulsion For thus Hippocrates in a contusion of the heel Sect. lib. fract gives a vomitory portion the same day or else the next day after the heel is broken And then if the Contusion have a wound associating it the defluxion must be strayed at the beginning with an Ointment made of Bole-Armenick the white of Eggs and Oyl of Roses and Myrtles with the powders of red-Roses Alome and Mastich At the second dressing apply a digestive made of the yolk of an Egg Oyl of Violets and Turpentine A suppurative Cataplasm This following Cataplasm shall be applyed to the near parts to help forwards suppuration â„ž rad althaeae lilii an â„¥ iiij sal malâ— violar senecionis an M. ss coquantur complete passentur per setaceum addendo butyri recentis olei viol an â„¥ iij. farinae volatilis quant sufficit fiat cataplasma ad formam pultis liquidae A caution to be observed Yet have a care in using of Cataplasms that you do not too much exceed for too frequent and immoderate use of them makes wounds phlegmonous sordid and putrid Wherefore the wound after it is come to suppuration must be clensed filled with flesh and cicatrized unless happily the contused flesh shall be very much torn so that the native heat forsake it for then it must be cut away But if there be any hope to agglutinate it let it be sowed How contused wounds must be sowed and other things performed according to Art but the stitches must not be made so close together as when the wound is simple and without contusion for such wounds are easily inflamed and swell up which would occasion either the breaking of the thred or flesh or tearing of the skin CHAP. IV. Of these Contusions which are without a Wound IF the skin being whole and not hurt as far as can be discerned the flesh which lies under it be contused and the bloud poured forth under the skin make an Ecchymosis then the Patient must be governed according Art until the malign symptoms which commonly happen be no more to be feared Wherefore in the beginning draw bloud on the opposite side Phlebotomy both for evacuation and revulsion The contused part shall be scarified with equal scarifications Scarifying Cupping-glasses then shall you apply Cupping-glasses or horns both for evacuation of the bloud which causes the tumor and tension in the part as also to ventilate and refrigerate the heat of the part lest it turn into an Abscess Neither must we in the mean while omit gentle purging of the Belly Astrictives how good in Contusions The first Topick medicins ought to be astrictives which must lye some short while upon the part that so the Veins and Arteries may be as it were straitned and closed up and so the defluxion hindered as also that the part it self may be
cold they would cause pain and consequently defluxion besides also their strength could not pass or enter into the part or be brought into action but so applyed they asswage pain hinder inflammation and the rising of blisters CHAP. IX Of hot and attractive Medicins to be applyed to Burns How fire may asswage the pain of burning AMongst the hot and attractive things which by rarifying drawing out and dissolving asswage the pain and heat of combustions the fire challenges the first place especially when the burning is but small For the very common people know and find by daily experience that the heat of the lightly burnt part vanishes away and the pain is asswaged if they hold the part which was burnt some pretty while to the heat of a lighted Candle or burning Coals for the similitude causeth attraction Thus the external fire whilest it draws forth the fire which is internal and inust into the part is a remedy against the disease it caused and bred It is also an easily made and approved remedy Beaten Onions good for burns and how if they presently after the Burn apply to the grieved part raw Onions beaten with some Salt Now you must note that this medicine takes no place if it be once gone into an ulcer for it would increase the pain and inflammation but if it be applyed when the skin is yet whole and not excoriated it doth no such thing but hinders the rising of pustles and blisters Hippocrates for this cause also uses this kind of remedy in procuring the fall of the Eschar If any endeavour to gainsay the use of this remedy by that principle in Physick which says that contraries are cured by contraries and therefore affirm that Onions Lib. 5. simpl according to the authority of Galen being hot in the fourth degree are not good for combustions let him know that Onions are indeed potentially hot and actually moist therefore they rarifie by their hot quality and soften the skin by their actual moisture whereby it comes to pass that they attract draw forth and dissipate the imprinted heat and so hinder the breaking forth of Pustles To conclude the fire as we formerly noted is a remedy against the fire But neither are diseases always healed by their contraries saith Galen but sometimes by their like although all healing proceed from the contrary this word contrary being more largely and strictly taken for so also a Phlegmon is often cured by resolving medicines which healeth it by dissipating the matter thereof Therefore Onions are very profitable for the burnt parts which are not yet exulcerated or excoriated But there are also many other medicins good to hinder the rising of blisters such as new Horse-dung fryed in Oyl of Wal-nuts or Roses and applyed to the parts In like manner the leaves of Elder or Dane-wort boyled in Oyl of Nuts and beaten with a little Salt Also quenched L me powdered and mixed with Unguentum Rosatum Or else the leaves of Cuckow-pint and Sage beaten together with a little Salt Also Carpenters Glue dissolved in water and anointed upon the part with a feather is good for the same purpose Also thick Vernish which Polishers or Sword Cutlers use But if the pain be more vehement How often in a day these must be dressed these medicins must be renewed three or four times in a day and a night so to mitigate the bitterness of this pain But if so be we cannot by these remedies hinder the rising of Blisters then we must presently cut them as soon as they rise for that the humor contained in them not having passage forth acquires such acrimony that it eats the flesh which lyeth under it and so causeth hollow ulcers So by the multitude of causes and increase of matter the inflammation groweth greater not only for nine days as the common people prattle but for far longer time also somewhiles for less time if the body be neither repleat with ill humors nor plethorick and you have speedily resisted the pain and heat by fit remedies When the combustion shall be so great as to cause an Eschar Medicins for an Eschar the falling away must be procured by the use of emollient and humective medicins as of Greases Oyls Butter with a little Basilicon or the following Ointment â„ž Mucagin psillii cydon an â„¥ iiij gummi trag â„¥ ij extrahantur cum aqua pariatariae olei filiorum â„¥ ijss cerae novae q. s fiat unguentum molle For ulcers and excoriations you shall apply fit remedies which are those that are without acrimony such as Unguentum album camphoratum deficcativum rubrum unguentum rosatum made without Vinegar or nutritum composed after this manner â„ž lithargyri auri â„¥ iiij ol rosat â„¥ iij. ol de papavar â„¥ ij ss ung populcon â„¥ iiij A description of Nutritum camphoraeÊ’ j. fiat unguentum in mortario plumbeo secundum artem Or Oyl of Egs tempered in a Leaden Mortar Also unquenched lime many times washed and mixed with unguentum rosatum or fresh Butter without Salt and some yolks of Egs hard roasted Or â„ž Butyri recent sine sale ustulati colati â„¥ vj. vitell over iiij cerus lotae in aqua plantag vel resar â„¥ ss tuthiae similiter lotae Ê’ iij. pâ—um i usti loti Ê’ ij Misceantur omnia simul fiat linimentum ut decet Or else â„ž cort sanâ—uc viridis olei rosat an lib. j. bulliant simul lento igne postea colentur adde olei ovorum â„¥ iiij pul cerus luthiae praepar an â„¥ j. cerae albae quantum sufficit fiat unguentum molle secundum artem But the quantity of drying medicins may always be encreased or diminished according as the condition of the ulcer shall seem to require The following remedies are fit to asswage pain as the mucilages of Line-seeds of the seeds of Psillium or Flea-wort and Quinces extracted in Rose-water or fair-water with the addition of a little Camphire and lest that it dry too speedily adde thereto some Oyl of Roses Also five or six yolks of Egs mixed with the mucilages of Line-seed the seed of Psillium and Quinces often renewed are very powerful to asswage pain A remedy for Burns commonly used in in the Hospital of Paris The women which attend upon the people in the Hospital in Paris do happily use this medicine against burns â„ž Lard conscissi libram unam let it be dissolved in rose-Rose-water then strained through a linnen cloath then wash it four times with the water of Hen-bane or some other of that kind then let it be incorporated with eight yolks of new laid Egs and so make an Ointment If the smart be great as usually it is in these kinds of wounds the ulcer or sores shall be covered over with a piece of Tiffany lest you hurt them by wiping them with somewhat a coarse cloth and so also the matter may easily come forth and the medicins easily
pain arising for that the guts are not in their due site and plâ—ce and because the excrements by their too long detension acquiâ—e a preternatural heat and this is the cause of the death of many such as have ruptures for that the gut falling down from the natural place into the cod being a pâ—eternatural place is redoubled and kept there as it were bound whereby the excrements being baked becoming more acridly hot cause inflammation and by raising up flatulencies increase the distension through all the guts untill at length a deadly Heâ—s or colick arising they come forth at the mouth Avicen lib 3. Hip aphoâ— 10. seâ—t 4. For prognosticks it is bettter to have the pain in the colick to wander up and down then to be fixed it is good also that the excrements are not wholly supprest But the evill signs that are here pronounce the affect either difficult or deadly Now these shew that it is deadly intolerable tormenting pain continual vomiting cold sweat coldness of the extreme parts hicketing by reason of the sympathie the stomack hath with the guts a phâ—ensâ—e by the consent of the brain with the stomach and oft-times a convulsion by drawing the matter into the news But such as have gripeing and pain about their navill and loins which can neither be helped by medicine nor otheâ—wise The cure it ends in a dropsie The cure must be diversified according to the varietie of the causes for the stone-collick is cured by medicines proper to the stone that which is caused by an Enterâ—cele is cured by the only restoreing the gut to its place that which is occasioned by worms requires medicines fit to kill and cast forth the worms But that which proceeds from the weakness and refrigeration of the guts and stomack is cured by heating and strengthening medicines as well applyed outwardly as taken inwardly by the mouth or otherwaies The beginning of the cure of that which is occasioned by tough phlegm and flatulencies is by the mitigation of the pain seeing there is nothing which more dejects the powers then pain To this purpose shall you provide baths Baths and anodine fomentations Semicupia fomentations of mallows marsh-mallows violet leavs penie-royal fennel Origanum the seeds of thyme and fenugreek flowers of camomil melilote and other such like which have power to heat drie attenuate and rarifie the skin so to dissipate the winde But all such must be actually hot Also the belly may be anointed with this following ointment An ointment â„ž olei chamoem aneth butyr recent an â„¥ i. sem apii petros galang an Ê’ ss aq vitae ol salviae aut thymi chimici extract q. s The following liniment is much commended by Hollerius â„ž olei rut nardi anÊ’ vi galbani cum aq vit dissolutiÊ’ ii liquefactis simul adde zibetae gr iiii croci gr vi fiat linimentum Also little bags made with millet oats and salt fried with a little white wine in a fâ—ying-pan shall be applied hot upon the bellie and flanks and renewed before they grow cold You may in stead of these bags use ox-bladders half filled with a decoction of resolving things as salt rosemâ—ry thyme lavender bay-berries and the like then inject a glyster being thus made â„ž quatuor â—mel an m. i. orig puleg. calamenth an m. ss anisi carui an m. ss fier anâ—than p. i. bulliant in hydromele ad lb. i. n quâ dissolve bened laxat mellis anthosati sacc rub an â„¥ i olei aneth chamaem an â„¥ i ss Let a glyster be made to be injected at twice Why glisters in the collick must be given in less quantitie for the guts being stretched out cannot contain the accustomed dâ—sis of a glyster Also this following glyster is much approved â„ž vini malvat. olei nucum an â„¥ iii. aq vitae â„¥ i olei juniperi rut per quintum essent extract an Ê’ iii Let this be injected as hot as the patient can endure I have oft-times as by miracle helped intolerable pain caused by the winde collick and phlegm with this glyster Avicen prescribes a carminative glyster made of hyssop origanum acorus anis-seeds and English galengal Let the patient feed upon meats of good juice and easie digestion as broths made with the yolks of eggs saffron hot herbs and a nutmeg let him drink good wine as Muscadine or hypocras made with good wine so to heat the stomach and guts For in Galen's opinion all windiness is generated by a remiss heat But if the pain shall continue a large cupping-glass shall be applied to the navel to draw and dissipate the windiness the bellie shall be bound with strong and broad ligatures to strengthen the guts and discuss the matter of flatulencies The patients taught by nature Specifick medicines use this remedie whilst none admonishing them they press the belly with their hands in the bitterness of pain But if the pain cannot be thus appeased we must come to such medicines as work by an occult property as the dried gut of a Wolf for a dram thereof made into powder is given in wine with good success The cure of a cholerick collick That colick which is caused by a cholerick inflammation requires contrary medicines to wit blood-letting and a refrigerating diet potions made of Diacatholicon and Cassia dissolved in barlie-barlie-water also cooling glysters Avicen prescribes narcoticks for that being cold they are contrarie to the morbifick cause which is hot and drie such are pills of Philonium Also pills of Hyera picra in the quantity of ℈ iv with opium and saffron of each one grain may be used Also baths are appointed made of water wherein mallows marsh-mallows violet-leaves flowers of white lilies lettuce purslain have been boiled to correct the acrimonie of the cholerick and hot humors whence the disease symptom ariseth That colick which is like to this and proceeds from salt acrid thick and tough phlegm is cured the humor being first attenuated and diffused and at length evacuated by medicines taken by the mouth and otherwise according to the prescription of the learned Physician But Avicen cures that which is occasioned by the suppression of the hardened excrements and twâ—neing of them by meats which have an emollient faculty such as humecting broths as that which is made of an old cock tired with running and threshed to death and so boiled with dill polypodie and a little salt untill the flesh fall from the bones also he useth detergent glysters such as this which follows â„ž betae m. i furfuris p. i. ficus nu x. alth m. i. fiat decoctio ad lb. i. in quà dissolve nitri muriae an Ê’ ii sacc â„¥ i. ol sesamini â„¥ ii But if the obstruction be more contumacious you must use more powerful ones made ex cyclamin centaurio hiera diacol cinth an Ê’ ii But if the obstruction do notwithstanding remain so that the excrements
sweat runs a quite contrary course and this is the opinion of many and great Physcians Hip aph ult sect 6. This first decoction being boiled out and strained the like quantity of water shall be put to the stuff or mass that so being boiled again without any further inâ—usion and strained with the addition of a little cinnamon for the strengthening of the stomach the patient may use it at his meals and between his meals if he be drie for his ordinary drink How and in what quantity the decoction must taken The quantity of the first decoction to be taken at once ought to be some five or six ounces and it shall be drunk warm that so it may be the sooner brought into action and least the actual coldness should offend the stomach and then the patient being well covered shall keep himself in bed and there expect sweat which if it come slowly on it shall be helped forwards with stone-bottles filled full of water and put to the sores of the feet If any parts in the interim shall be much pained they shall be comforted by applying of swines-bladders half filled with the same decoction heated Neither will it be unprofitable before the decoction be drunk to rub over all the body with warm linnen clothes that by this means the humors may be attenuated and the pores of the skin opened When he shall have sweat some two hours the parts opposite to the grieved places How to drie the sweat of the body shall first be wiped then presently but more gently the grieved parts themselves least a greater conflux of humors flow thereto These things being done he shall keep himself in bed shunning the cold air untill he be cooled and come to himself again some two hours after he shall so dine as the disease and his former custome shall seem to require six hours after betakeing himself to his bed he shall drink the like quantity of the decoction and order himself as before But if he be either weak or weary of his bed it shall be sufficient to keep the house without lying down for although he shall not sweat yet there will be a great dissipation of the vapors and venenate spirits by insensible transpiration for the Lues venerea by the only communication of these often times catcheth hold and propagates it self in lying with a bedfellow tainted therewith But as it is requisite to have let blood and purged the body by the advice of a Physician before the taking of the decoction of Guaicum so whilst he doth take it it much conduceth to keep the belly soluble which is much bound by the heat and driness of such a drink and to preserve the purity of the first veins by a glyster How long this decoct on must be used or laxative medicine taken every fifth or sixth day But for the use of it we muâ—â— warily observe taking indication not only from the malignity and contumacy of the disease but also from the particular nature of the patient for such as have their body wasted by heat and leanness and their skin drie and scaly whence you may gather a great adustion of the humors as it were a certain incineration of the habit of the body must more sparingly make use of these things but rather temper the body by humecting things taken inwardly and applyed outwardly as bathes ointments without Quick-silver and other such like things And then a very weak decoction of Guaicum shall be used for a few dâ—ies before your unction with Quick-silver A more plentiful diet The manner of diet as it draws forth the disease which of its own nature is long so a more sparing and slender diet makes the ulcers more rebellious and contumacious by a hectick dryness Therefore a middle course must be kept and meats made choice of which are fit and naturally engender good and laudable juice in the body For it is not only great ignorance but much mo e cruelty to go about to contain all patients without any difference within the strait allowance of four ounces of Ship-bisket and twelve damask prunes for I judg it far better to diet the patient with Lamb Veal Kid Pullets fat Larks and black-birds as those which have a greater familiarity with our bodies then Prunes and the like Junkets Let his bread be made of white wheat To whom and what manner of wine may be allowed well leavened neither too new or tough neither too old or hard Let his drink be made of the mass or strainings of the first decoction of Guaicum boiled with more water as was formerly mentioned yet if there arise any great weakness of the faculties you may permit the use of some little wine drinking especially before each a cup of the last mentioned decoction Let him avoid sleep presently after meat for so the head is filled with gross vapors Passions or perturbations of the minde must also be avoided for that by these the spirits are inflamed and dissipated all the delights of honest pleasure are to be desired but venery wholly avoided as that which weakens all the nervous parts The description of China Many instead of a decoction of Guaicum use a decoction of China Now this China is the root of a certain Rush knotty rare and heavy when it is fresh but light when it is waxed old it is also without smell whence many judge it void of any effectual quality it is brought into use out of India it is thus prepared it is cut into thin round slices boiled in fountain or river water and is given to patients to drink morning and evening after this manner â„ž rad chin in taleol The preparation sect â„¥ ii aquae font lbxii infundantur per hor. xii coquantur ad consumption tertiae partis Let him take â„¥ vi in the morning and so much at night let him expect a sweat in his bed a second decoction may be made of the mass remaining of the first but with a less quantity of water put thereto which also by longer boiling may draw forth the strength remaining in the mass and be used at meals for ordinary drink There are some who make a third decoction thereof but that is wholly unprofitable and unuseful Of Sarsaparilla Sarsaparilla is prepared also just after the same manner CHAP. IX Of the second manner of cureing the Lues Venerea which is performed by friction or unction THe cure of the Lues Venerea which is performed by unction and friction is more certain yet not in every kinde condition and season thereof For if the disease be inveterate from an humor tough gross viscous and more tenaciously fixed in the solid parts as you may gather by the knotty tumors of the bones for then we are so far from doing any good with a friction used at the first that on the contrary we bring the patient in danger of his life When the body
into a gross powder make thereof a Nodula between two pieces of Cambrick or Lawn of the bigness of an hand-ball then let it be moistned in eight ounces of rose-Rose-water and two ounces of Rose-vinegar and let the patient smell to it often Those things must be varied according to the time For in the Summer you must use neither Musk nor Civet nor such like hot things and moreover women that are subject to fits of the Mother and those that have Fevers or the head-ach ought not to use those things that are so strong smelling and hot but you must make choice of things more gentle Therefore things that are made with a little Camphire and Cloves bruised and macerated together in Rose-water and vineger of Roses shall be sufficient CHAP. XX. What Diet ought to be observed and first of the choice of Meat THe order of Diet in a pestilent disease ought to be cooling and drying not slender Why such as have the plague may feed more fully but somewhat full because by this kind of disease there cometh wasting of the spirits and exsolution of the faculties which inferreth often swounding therefore that loss must be repaired as soon as may be with more quantity of meats that are of easie concoction and digestion Therefore I never saw any being infected with the pestilence that kept a slender diet that recovered his health but died and few that had a good stomach and fed well died Sweet gross moist and clammy meats and those which are altogether and exquisitely of subtil parts are to be avoided for the sweet do easily take fire and are soon inflamed the moist will putrefie the gross and clammy obstruct and therefore engender putrefaction those meats that are of subtil parts over-much attenuate the humors and inflame them and do stir up hot and sharp vapours into the brain whereof cometh a Fever Therefore we must eschew Garlick and Onions Mustard salted and spiced Meats and all kinde of pulse must also be avoided Pulse must be shunned because they engender gross windes which are the authors of obstruction but the decoction of them is not alwaies to be refused because it is a provoker of urine Therefore let this be their order of diet The manner of Diet. let their bread be of Wheat or Barly well wrought well leavened and salted neither too new nor too stale let them be fed with such meat as may be easily concocted and digested and may engender much laudable juice and very little excremental as are the flesh of Wether-Lambs Kâ—â—s Leverets Pullets Partridges Pigeons Thrushes Larkes Quails Black-Birds Turtle-Doves Moor-Hens Phesants and such like avoiding water-Fowls Let the flesh be moistned in Ver-juice of unripe Grapes Vinegar or the juice of Lemmons Oranges Citrons tart-Pomgranats Barberies Goose-berries or red Currance or of garden and wilde-sorrel for all these sowr things are very wholsome in this kinde of disease for they do stir up the apetite resist the venomous quality and putrefaction of the humors restrain the heat of the Fever and prohibit the corruption of the meats in the stomach Although those that have a more weak stomâ—ch and are endued with a more exact sense and are subject to the Cough and diseases of the Lungs must not use these unless they be mixed with Sugar and Cinnamon If the patient at any time be fed with sodden meats let the brothes be made with Lettuce Purslain Succory Borage Sorrel Hops Bugloss Cresses Burnet Marigolds Chervil the cooling Seeds French-Barly and Oat-meal with a little Saffron for Saffron doth engender many spirits and resisteth poyson To these opening roots may be added to avoid obstruction yet much broth must be refused by reason of moisture The fruit of Capers eaten at the beginning of the Meal provoke the appetite and prohibit obstructions but they ought not to be seasoned with overmuch oil and salt that they may also with good success be put into broths Fishes are altogether to be avoided because they soon corrupt in the Stomach but if the patient be delighted with them those that live in stony places must be chosen that is to say those that live in pure and sandy water and about rocks and stones as are Trouts Pikes Pearches Gudgeons and Crevices boiled in milk Wilks and such like And concerning Sea fish he may be fed with Giltheads Gurnarts with all the kindes of Cod-fish Whitings not seasoned with salt and Turbuts Eggs potched and eaten with the juice of Sorrel are very good Likewise Barly-water seasoned with the grains of a tart Pomgranate and if the fever be vehement with the seeds of white Poppy Such barly-water is easie to be concocted and digested it cleanseth greatly and moistens and mollifieth the belly But in some it procures an appetite to vomit and pain of the head and those must abstain from it But in stead of Barly-water they may use pap and bread crummed in the decoction of a Capon For the second course let him have raisins of the Sun newly sodden in Rose-water with Sugar For the second course sowr Damask-Prunes tart Cherries Pippins and Katharine-Pears And in the later end of the Meal Quinces rosted in the Embers Marmalate of Quinces In the end of the Meal and conserves of Bugloss or of Roses and such like may be taken or else this powder following Take of Coriander-seeds prepared two drams of Pearl of Rose-leaves shavings of Harts-Horn and Ivory of each half a dram of Amber two scruples of Cinnamon one scruple of Unicorns horn and the bone is a Staggs heart of each half a scruple of Sugar of Roses four ounces make thereof a powder and use it after meats If the patient be somewhat weak he must be fed with Gelly made of the flesh of a Capon and Veal sodden together in the water of Soâ—â—el Carduus Benedictus with a little quantity of Rose-vinegar Cinnamon Sugar and other such like as the present necessity shall seem to require In the night season for all events and mischances the patient must have ready prepared broth of meats of good digestion with a little of the juice of Citrons or Pomgranats A restaurative drink This restaurative that followeth may serve for all Take of the conserve of Bugloss Borage Violets Water-lillies and Succory of each two ounces of the powder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum of the Trochiâ—es of Camphire of each three drams of Citron-seeds Carduus-seeds Soâ—â—el-seeds the roots of Dictamnus Tormentil of each two drams of the broth of a young Capon made with Lettuce Purslain Bugloss and Borage boyled in it six pints put them in a Limbeck of glass with the flesh of two Pullets of so many Parthridges and with fifteen leaves of pure Gold make thereof a distillation over a soft fire Then take of the distilled liquor half a pinte strain it through a woollen bag with two ounces of white Sugar and half a dram of Cinnamon let the patient use this when he
notwihstanding will suddenly bring the patient to destruction like those that are black wherefore it is not good to trust too much to those kinds of tumors CHAP. XXXI Of the cure of Buboes or Plague-sores SO soon as the Bubo appears apply a Cupping-glass with a great flame unto it The use of cupping-glasses in curing of a Bubo unless it be that kinde of Bubo which will suddenly have all the accidents of burning and swelling in the highest nature but first the skin must be anointed with the oil of Lillies that so it being made more loose the Cupping-glass may draw the stronger and more powerfully it ought to stick to the part for the space of a quarter of an hour and be renewed and applied again every three quarters of an hour for so at length the venom should be the better drawn forth from any noble part that is weak the work of suppuration or resolution which so ever nature hath assailed will the better and sooner be absolved and perfected which may be also done by the application of the following ointment Take of Vnguentum Dialthaea one ounce and a half oil of Scorpions half an ounce of Mithridate dissolved in Aqua vitae half a dram this liniment will very well relax and loosen the skin open the pores thereof and spend forth portion of the matter which the Cupping-glass hath drawn thither in stead thereof mollifying fomentations may be made and other drawing and suppurating medicines which shall be described hereafter A visicatory applyed in a meet place below the Bubo profits them very much but not above A liniment as for example If the Bubo be in the throat the Vesicatory must be applied unto the shoulder blade on the same side if it be in the arm-holes it must be applied in the midst of the arm or of the shoulder-bone on the inner side if in the groin in the midst of the thigh on the inner side that by the double passage that is open for to draw out the matter the part wherein the venom is gathered together may be the better exonerated Spurge Crow-foot Arsmart Bear-foot Briony the middle bark of Travellers-joy the rindes of Mullet Flammula or upright Virgins-power are fit for raising blisters If you cannot come by those simple medicines you may apply this which followeth which may be prepared at all times Take Cantharides Pepper Euphorbium Pellitory of Spain of each half a dram A compound vesicatory of sower leaven two drams of Mustard one dram and a little Vinegar the vinegar is added thereto to withhold or restrain the vehemency of the Cantharides but in want of this medicine it shall suffice to drop scalding oil or water or a burning candle or to lay a burning coal on the place for so you may raise blisters which must presently be cut away and you must see that you keep the ulcers open and flowing as long as you can by applying the leaves of red-colworts Beets or Ivy dipped in warm water and annointed with oil or fresh butter Some apply Cauteries Why vesicatories are better then cauteries in a pestilent Bubo but Vesicatories work with more speed for before the Eschar of the Cauteries will fall away the patient may die therefore the ulcers that are made with Vesicatories will suffice to evacuate the pestilent venom because that doth work rather by its quality then by its quantity Let the abscess be fomented as is shewed before and then let the medicine following which hath vertue to draw be applied Fill a great onion being hollowed with Treacle and the leaves of Rue Strong drawing cataplasmes then rost it under the hot Embers beat it with a little Leaven and a little Swines-grease and so apply it warm unto the abscess or sore let it be changed every six hours Or take the roots of Marsh-mallows and Lillies of each half a pound of Line Fenugreek and mustard-seeds of each half an ounce of Treacle one dram ten Figs and as much Hogs-grease as shall suffice make thereof a cataplasm according to Art Or take of Onions and Garlick rosted in the Embers of each three ounces bruise them with one ounce of sowr leaven adding thereto Vnguentum Basilicon one ounce Treacle one dram Mithridate half a dram of old Hogs-grease one ounce of Cantharides in powder one scruple of Pigeons-dung two drams beat them and mix them together into the form of a cataplasm Hereunto old Rennet is very profitable for it is hot and therefore attractive being mixed with old Leaven and Basilicon you ought to use these until the abscess be grown unto its full ripeness and bigness but it presently after the beginning there be great inflammation with sharp pain as it often happeneth especially when the abscesses be of the kinde of Carbuncles we must abstain from those remedies that are hot and attractive and also from those that are very emplastick and clammy because they do altogether close the pores of the skin or because they resolve the thinner part of the collected matter which if it might remain would bring the other sooner to suppuration or else because they may perchance draw more quantity of the hot matter then the part can bear whereof cometh rather corruption then maturation and last of all because they increase the fever and pain which infer the danger of a Convulsion or mortal Gangrene Therefore in such a case it is best to use cold and temperate local medicines as the leaves of Henbane and Sortel rosted under the coals Galen's pultise and such like Against such as cut away Plague-sores There are many that for fear of death have with their own hands pulled away the Bubo with a pair of Smiths-pincets others have digged the flesh round about it and so gotten it wholly out And to conclude others have become so mad that they have thrust an hot iron into it with their own hand that the venom might have a passage forth of all which I do not allow one for such abscesses do not come from without as the bitings of virulent beasts but from within and moreover because pain is by these means increased and the humor is made more malign and fierce Therefore I think it sufficient to use medicines that relax open the pores of the skin and digest portion of the venom by transpiration A digestive fomentaâ—ion as are these that follow Take the roots of Marsh-mallows and Lillies of each six ounces of Camomil and Melilot-flowers of each half a handful of Lin-seeds half an ounce of the leaves of Rue half an handful boil them and strain them dip sponges in the straining An anodyne Cataplasm and therewith let the tumor be fomented along time Or take the crum of hot bread and sprinkle it with Treacle-water or with Aqua-vitae and Cows-milk or Goats-milk and the yelks of three Eggs put them all on stupes or flax and apply them warm unto the place Or take of sowr Rie-leaven
of water adding thereto cinnamon Ê’ ii in one pint of the decoction dissolve after it is strained of the syrup of mugwort and of hyssop an â„¥ ii diarrhâ—d abbat Ê’i let it be strained through a bag with Ê’ ii of the kernels of Dates and let her take â„¥ .iiii in the morning Let pessaries be made with galbanum ammoniacum and such like mollifying things beaten into a mass in a mortar with a hot pestel and made into the form of a pessary and then let them be mixed with oil of Jasmine euphorbium an ox-gall the juice of mugwurt and other such like wherein there is power to provoke the flowers as with scammony in powder let them be as big as ones thumb six fingers long and rowled in lawn or some such like thin linnen cloth of the same things nodula's may be made Also pessaries may be prepared with hony boiled adding thereto convenient powders as of scammony pellitory and such like Neither ought these to stay long in the neck of the womb least they should exulcerate and they must be pulled back by a thred that must be put through them and then the orifice of the womb must be fomented with white wine of the decoction of penniroyal or mother-wort What causes of the stopping of the flowers must be cured before the disease it self But it is to be noted that if the suppression of the flowers happeneth through the default of the stopped orifice of the womb or by inflammation these maladies must first be cured before we come unto those things that of their proper strength and virtue provoke the flowers as for example if such things be made and given when the womb is inflamed the blood being drawn into the grieved place and the humors sharpned and the body of the womb heated the inflammation will be increased So if there be any superfluous flesh if there be any Callus of a wound or ulcer or if there be any membrane shutting the orifice of the womb and so stopping the flux of the flowers they must first be consumed and taken away before any of those things be administred But the opportunity of taking and applying of things must be taken from the time wherein the sick woman was wont to be purged before the stopping or if she never had the flowers The fittest time to provoke the flowers Why hot houses do hurt those in whom the flowers are to be provoked in the decrease of the Moon for so we shall have custom nature and the external efficient cause to help art When these medicines are used the women are not to be put into baths or hot houses as many do except the malady proceed from the density of the vessels and the grosness and clamminess of the blood For sweats hinder the menstrual flux by diverting and turning the matter another way CHAP. LIV. The signs of the approaching of the menstrual flux WHen the monthly flux first approacheth the dugs itch and become more swoln and hard then they were wont the woman is more desirous of copulation by reason of the ebullition of the provoked blood and the acrimony of the blood that remaineth her voice becommeth bigger her secret parts itch burn swell and wax red If they stay long What women do love and what women do loath the act of generation when the months are stopped With what accidents those that are marriageable and are not married are troubled The cause of so many accidents she hath pain in her loins and head nauseousness and vomiting troubleth the stomach notwithstanding if those matters which flow together in the womb either of their own nature or by corruption be cold they loath the act of generation by reason that the womb waxeth feeble through sluggishness and watery humors filling the same and it floweth by the secret parts very softly Those maids that are marriageable although they have the menstrual flux very well yet they are troubled with headach nauseousness and often vomiting want of appetite longing an ill habit of body difficulty of breathing trembling of the heart swouning melancholy fearful dreams watching with sadness and heaviness because that the genital parts burning and itching they imagine the act of generation whereby it commeth to pass that the seminal matter either remaining in the testicles in great abundance or else poured into the hollowness of the womb by the tickling of the genitals is corrupted and acquireth a venemous quality and causeth such like accidents as happen's in the suffocation of the womb Maids that live in the country are not so troubled with those diseases because there is no such lying in wait for their maiden-heads and also they live sparingly and hardly and spend their time in continual labor You may see many maids so full of juice that it runneth in great abundance as if they were not menstrual into their dugs and is there converted into milk which they have in as great quantity as nurses as we read it recorded by Hippocrates Aph. 36 sect 5. If a woman which is neither great with childe nor hath born children hath milk she wants the menstrual fluxes whereby you may understand that that conclusion is not good which affirmeth that a woman which hath milk in her breasts either to be delivered of childe or to be great with childe Lib. 2. de subt for Cardanus writeth that he knew one Antony Buzus at Genua who being thirty years of age had so much milk in his breasts as was sufficient to nurse a childe The efficient cause of the milk is to be noted for the breeding and efficient cause of milk proceeds not only from the engrafted faculty of the glandulous substance but much rather from the action of the mans seed for proof whereof you may see many men that have very much milk in their breasts and many women that almost have no milk unless they receive mans seed Also women that are strong and lusty like unto men which the Latines call Viragines that is to say whose seed commeth unto a manly nature when the flowers are stopped concoct the blood and therefore when it wanteth passage forth by the likeness of the substance it is drawn into the dugs and becommeth perfect milk those that have the flowers plentifully and continually for the space of four or five daies are better purged and with more happy success then those that have them for a longer time CHAP. LV. What accidents follow immoderate fluxes of the flowers or courses IF the menstrual flux floweth immoderately there also follow many accidents for the concoction is frustrated the appetite overthrown then follows coldness throughout all the body exolution of all the faculties an ill habit of all the body leanness the dropsie an hectick fever convulsion swouning and often sudden death By what pâ—res the flowers do flow in a woman and in a maid The causes of an unreasonable flux of blood if any have them too exceeding
lb. ii cer lb. ss terebinth gum De Althaea heder galb an â„¥ i. coloph. et resin â„¥ iii. The roots and seeds being bruised are infused for three daies in five pints of water boil them until three ounces be consumed and then draw forth the Mucilage and boil it with the Oil then add Wax cut small these being taken from the fire the Galbanum being dissolved with Vineger and mingled with the Turpentine must be added together with the Gum Hederae Colophony and Rosin â„ž Ocul populi arb lb. i ss fol. papaveris nigr Mandrag hyoscyami lactucae sempervivi parvi et magni Ung. Populeumâ— violae nigrae solani umbilici Veneris seu cymbalar bardanae an â„¥ ss Cordus Fernelius et Nicolaus singulorum â„¥ iii. praescribunt Adipis suilli recentis salis expertis lb. ii vini boni lb i. fiat Vnguentum The Popular buds and Violet leaves must be bruised and macerated in the Axungia for the space of two months that is until the rest of the herbs be ready for they cannot be gathered before the Summer time but the poplar buds and Violets may be had in March They must be bruised and mingled very well and set in a warm place for eight daies then add one pint of strong Vinegar and boil them till it be consumed which may be perceived by casting a little of it into the fire then strain it forth and put up the ointment â„ž Tereb cer alb res an Ê’xiv Opopanacis Ung. Apostolorum floris seu viridis aeris nam hic flos aeris non propriè accipitur pro granulis quae scintillarum instar ab aere exiliunt dum a fabris ferrariis aqua tingitur sed pro viridi aeris usurpatur cujus contra maligna ulcera notae sunt vires contra quae omnino id Vnguentum est comparatum an Ê’ii ammon â„¥ xiv aristol lon thuris masculian Ê’ vi myrrhae et galbani anÊ’iii bdellii Ê’ vi Lytharg Ê’ ix olei lb ii fiat unguentum The Litharge is to be mingled with two ounces of Oil for the space of five hours and with a gentle fiâ—e to be boiled untill it come to the consistence of hony and be alwaies stirring lest it burn being taken from the fire and warm the Wax and the Rosin being dissolved with the rest of the oil must be added Then put to it when it is cooling the Gums dissolved in Vinegar boiled and incorporated with the Turpentine Then the Aristilochia Myrrh and Frankincense are to be mingled and last of all the Verdigrease being in fine powder and sprinckled in and so the unguent is made â„ž Cortic. median castan cortic median quere cortic median gland myrtil eques cortic fabar Comitissa acinor uvar sorbor siccor immatur mespillor immaturor â—ad chelidon folior prunor sylvest an â„¥ i ss Aquae plantaginis lb viii cer nov â„¥ viii ss olei myrtillor lb ii ss Then these things which follow being finely powdred are to be sprinkled in â„ž Pulveris corticis mediani castan corticis mediani gland cortic median arb gland id est querc gallar an â„¥ i. Cinâ—ris oss cruris bovis myrtill acinor uvar. sorbor siccor an â„¥ ss Trochiscorum de carabe â„¥ ii fiat Vnguentum First make a decoctâ—on corticis mediani arboris quercús acini uvar. rad chelid mespil forbor equis seminis myrtil folior pruni sylvestris cort fabar cortic mediani gland cortic castan gallar in the Plantain water for the space of two hours then strain it and divide the liquor into nine parts washing the Wax dissolved with the oil of Myrtils seven times the liquor being all spent and the Wax and oil being melted then insperge the powders Cruris bovis assium cortic median quire median cortic gland castan gallar â—orbâ—r mespil semâ—num myrtil acinor uvar. and at the last the Trochisces carab after this manner shall you make this Ointment â„ž Olei absinth mastich de spic rosat an â„¥ ss pulver absinth ros major menth an Ê’i Ung pro stomacho Caryoph cinam mastich galang an Ê’i Powder those things which are to be powdred and with a sufficient quantity of Wax make a soft ointment wherewith let the stomach be annointed one hour before meals continually â„ž Cer. alb lb ii cerus litharg auri an lb. i. myrrh medul cervi an â„¥ ii thuris â„¥ i. olei lb. ss Ung. ad morsâ—â— rabiosos ex li. 1. Gal. de comp sec genera Boil the Litharge in the oil to a mean consistence then add to the wax and Ceruss and when it will not stick to the fingers take it from the fire and put in the Medulla when it beginneth to cool the Myrrha and Thus being finely powdred must be cast in by little and little and the ointment may be put up for use The chops of the fundament and emâ—llient Pessaries are likewise made of it and it is very good against the bitings of mad Dogs and the punctures of nerves and tendons keeping wounds so thâ—t they do not agglutinate â„ž Picis pinguis lb. i. Opopanacis in aceto forti oleo liliorum veteri porci axungia cocti 3. De camp med sec gen â„¥ iii. fiat Vnguentum Oleum ex sinapi is good against those bitings of mad beasts and punctized nerves for it doth open wounds when they are cicatrized Ointments are used to overcome the contumacy of a stubborn evill by their firm and close sticking to especially if there shall need no medicine to go further into the body CHAP. XXVII Of Cerats and Emplasters What a Cerat is SUch affinity there is in the composition of a Cerat and Emplaster that oftentime the one is taken for the other as is usually done in Ointments and Liniments A Cerat is a composition more solid and hard then an ointment The diff rences and softer then a plaster having his name from Wax which taking away the fluidness of the oil bringeth him to his consistence The differences of Cerats are taken some from the parts by which they are called as Ceratum stâ—machicum some from the effects as Ceratum refrigerans Galeni Others from the simple medicaments which are the chief in the composition as Ceratum Santalinum The proper matter of Cerats is new Wax and Oils being appropriated to the grief of these or those parts so that Liniments and Ointments do scarce differ from Cerats if they admit of Wax for if ointment of Roses should have Wax added to it it were no longer an Ointment but a Cerat Cerats which are made with Rosins Gums and Metals do rather deserve the names of Emplasters then Cerats And therefore Ceratum ad Hernias we commonly call Emplastrum contra Rupturam If that pain or inflammation do grieve any part we make Cerats of plaster dissolved with Oil lest that the more hard and heavy consistence of the Emplaster should be troublesome to the part and hinder perspiration and
cleansed Their matter The other way of making of gargarisms is without decoction which is when as we make them either of distilled waters only or by mixing them with â—yrups mucilages milk the whey of Goats-milk carefully strained There are mixed sometimes with a decoction distilled waters and mucilages mel rosatum oxymel simplex diamoron dianucum hiera picra oxy sacchara syrup de rosis siccis syrupus acetosus and other things as the present case shall seem to require as alum balaustia myrrh olibanum ginger pepper cinnamon drie roses and many such things even so that oft-times there enter into gargles such medicines as have force to draw from the brain as pellirory of Spain carthamus turbith and such things as have no bitterness which is the cause that neither agarick nor coloquintida ought to enter into gargarisms The quantity of liquor for a gargarism is commonly from lb ss to lbi mix therewith some â„¥ ii of syrups but put pouders sparingly as some Ê’iii Alum may sometimes be put in to Ê’vi let mucilages be extracted out of Ê’ii of seeds let these serve for some examples An astringent gargle An anodyne gargle â„ž plant polygon oxalidis an m i. rosar rub p ss hordei p i. fiat decoctio ad â„¥ viii in quâ dissolve syrupi myrtillorum Ê’vi dianucum â„¥ ss fiat gargarisma Or â„ž chamaemil aneth an p i. ros rub p ss passul mund ficumm an p iii. decoquantur it aequis partibus vini aquae ad â„¥ vi addendo mucag. sem lini foeungr an â„¥ ii fiat gargarisma Or else â„ž aq plantag ligust absinth an â„¥ ii mellis rosati colati Ê’vi syrup rosar siccar de absinth an Ê’vi fiat gargarisma A detersive We use gargles in the morning fasting after general purgations they are sometimes taken or used cold when as malign acrid and thin humors fall down sometimes warm but let these things be done according as the Physician shall advise CHAP. XXXVIII Of Dentifrices What a dentifrice is The differences The matter whereof they consist DEntifrices are medicines prepared and serving divers waies to cleanse whiten and fasten the teeth for from their use they take their name Of these some are drie othersome moist of the drie some have the form of opiats others of powder grosly beaten but the moist are commonly made by distillation the matter of drie dentifrices is taken from detergent and drying things such as are coral white and red harts-horn scuttle-bones alum chrystal pumice salt-nitre myrrh frankincense balaustia acorns all sorts of shells of fishes all these are to be made into powder either by burning or without it for scuttle-bones burnt cast forth a stinking and unpleasant smell To these for smell sake are added certain aromatick things as cinnamon cloves nutmegs and the like such powders if mixed with some syrups as oxymel scilliticum or with mucilage of gum Arabick and tragacanth will become opiats to be made into a pyramidal form of some fingers length round and square and sharp pointed that dried they may serve for dentrifices Sometimes emollient roots are boiled with salt or alum that dried again they may be used for dentifrices moist ones are made of drying herbs distilled together with drying and astringent things A powder for a Dentifrice All the differences shall appear by the following examples â„ž lapidis spong pumicis cornu cervi ust anÊ’ii coral rub crystal an Ê’i alum sal ust an Ê’i ss cinnamom caryoph rosar rub pulver an ℈ ii fiat pulvis pro dentrificio Or â„ž essis saepiae Ê’ ss mastiches coralli rubri usti an Ê’ii cornu cervi usti Ê’i ss aluminis carbonis rorismarini an Ê’i cinnamomi Ê’ii fiat pulvis pro dentrificio Or â„ž ossis saepiae alum salis usti an â„¥ i. chrystalli glandium myrrhae thuris an ℈ ii corticis grannatorum macis cinnamomi an ℈ i. fiat pulvis qui excipiatur mucagine gummi tragacanth formentur pyramides longae siccand pro dentrificio Or â„ž rad malvae junioris bismalvae an â„¥ ii coquantur in aquâ salsâ aut aluminosae deinde siccentur in furno pro dentifricio â„ž sali â„¥ vi alumin. â„¥ iii. thuris mastiches sanguis draconis an â„¥ ss aquae ros â„¥ vi distillentur in alembico vitreo pro dentrificio Their use Dentifrices are not only known good to polish cleanse and strengthen the teeth but we also oft-times use them for the tooth-ach the diseases of the mouth and ulcers of gums You may use them in the morning before and after meat The ancients of len isk-wood made themselves tooth-picks and such divices to strengthen their loose teeth which also at this day is in use with those of Languedock with whom this wood is plentiful so that it may be brought thence for the use of Noblemen and Gentlemen myrrh may also serve for this same use and any other astringent wood Our people commonly use the stalks of fennel yet have they no faculty to fasten the teeth but their smell is grateful CHAP. XXXIX Of Bags or Quilts PHysicians term a bag or sacculus What a bag or quilt is Their differences the composition or mixture of drie and powdered medicines put in a bag therefore it is as it were a drie fomentation Their differences are not drawn from any other thing then from the variety of the part whereto they are applied such as are for the head must be made into the fashion of a cap those which be for the whole ventricle must be made into the form of a eithern those for the spleen like to an oxes tongue lastly such as are for the liver heart and other parts must be made according to the figure of those parts Their matter is usually taken from whole seeds fried in a frying-pan or made into powder there are sometimes added roots flowers fruits rindes cordial-powders and other drie medicines which may be easily brought into powder and conduce to the grieved parts the quantity is different according to the magnitude of the affected parts In the books of practisers it is commonly found prescribed from â„¥ iii. to â„¥ vi ss Sometimes flowers and drie herbs are prescribed by handfuls and pugils and here there is need of an artificial conjecture to conceive and appoint a fit quantity of powders but let us give you some examples â„ž rosar rub p i. mastich â„¥ ss coralli rub Ê’iii sem anisi faenic an Ê’ii nucis moschat Ê’i summitat A quilt for the stomach absinth menth an m i. tritis omn ibus fiat sacculus consutus compunctus pro ventriculo â„ž furfuris macri p i. milii â„¥ i. salis Ê’ii rosar rub flor rorismarini staechados caryoph an m ii fol. beton A cap for a cold head salv an Ê’iii tritis omnibus fiat cucupha intersuta calefacta fumo thuris sandarachae exustorum
of Waters BEfore I describe the manner how to distill waters The varieties of distilled waters I think it not amiss briefly to reckon up how many sorts of distilled waters there be and what the faculties of them are Therefore of distilled waters some are medicinal as the waters of Roses Plantain Sorrel Sage and the like others are alimentary as those waters that we call restauratives other some are composed of both such as are these restaurative waters which are also mixed with medicinal things others are purging as the distilled water of green and fresh Rubarb othersome serve for smoothing the skin and others for smell of which sort are those that are distilled of aromatick things To distill Rose-water it will be good to maceâ—ate the Roses before you distill them for the space of two or three daies in some formerly distilled Rose-water or their pressed-out juice Rose water luting the vessel close them put then into an Alembick closely luted to his head and his Receiver and so put into a Balneum Mariae as we have formerly described The distilled Alimentary liquors are nothing else than those that we vulgarly call Restauratives Restauratives this is the manner and art of preparing them Take of Veal Mutton Kid Capon Pullet â—ock Parâ—ridg Phesant as much as shall seem fit for your purpose cut it small and lest it should requires heat or empyreuma from the fire mix therewith a handful of French Barly and of red Rose-leaves dâ—ie and fresh but first steeped in the juice of pomgranats or citrons and Rosewater with a little Cinnamon The delineation of a Balneum Mariae which may also serve to distill with ashes A. Shews the Fornace with the hole to take forth the ashes B. Shews another Fornace as it were set in the other now it is of Brass and runs through the midst of the kettle made also of brass that so the contained water or ashes may be the more easily heated C. The kettle wherein the water ashes or sand are contained D. The Alembick set in the water ashes or sand with the mouths of the receivers E. The bottom of the second brass Fornace whose top is marked with B. which contains the fire There may be made other restauratives in shorter time with less labor and cost Anosher way of making restaurative Liquors To this purpose the flesh muâ—t be beaten and cut thin and so thrust through with a double thred so that the pieces thereof may touch each other then put them in to a glass and let the thred hang out so stop up the glass close with a linnen cloth Cotton or Tow and lute it up with paste made of meal and the whiâ—es of eggs then set it up to the neck in a kettle of water but so that it touch not the bottom but let it be kept upright by the formerly described means then make a gentle fire there-under un il the contained flesh by long boiling shall be dissolved into juice and that will commonly be in some four hours space This being done let the fire be taken from under the kettle but take not forth the glass befor the water be cold lest the fire being hot should be broken by the sudden â—ppulse of the cold air Wherefore when as it is cold let it be opened and the thred with the pieces of flesh be drawn forth so that only the juice may be left remaining then strain it through a bag and aromatize it with Sugar and Cinnamom adding a little juice of Citron Verjuice or Vineger as it shall best like the Patients palate After this manner you may quickly easily and without great cost have and prepare all sorts of restauratives as well medicated as simple But the force and faculty of purging medicines is extracted after a clean contrary manner then the oyls and waters which are drawn of Aromatitk things as Sage Rosemary Time Anniseeds Fennel Cloves Cinnamon Nutmegs and the like For the strength of â—hese as that which is subtil and aiery flies upwards in distillation but the strength of puâ—ging things aâ— Tuâ—bâ—th Agarick Rubâ—rb and the like subsides in the bottom For the purgative â—â—câ—l y of these purgers inseparably ache es to the b dies and substances Now for sweet waters and such as serve to smooth the skin of the face they may be distilled in Balneo Mariae like as Rose water CHAP. VIII How to distill Aqua Vitae or the spirits of Wine TAke of good white or Claret-wine or Sack which is not sowr nor musty nor otherwise corrupt or of the Lees that quantity which may serve to fil the vessel wherein you make the distillation to a third part then put on your head furnished with the nose or pipe Spirit of wine seven times rectified and so make your distillation in Balneo Mariae The oftner it is distilled or as they term it rectified the more noble and effectual it becomes Therefore some distil it seven times over At the first distillation it may suffice to draw a fourth or third part of the whole to wit of twenty four pintes of Wine or Lees draw six or eight pintes of distilled liquor At the second time the half part that is three or four pintes At the third distillation the half part again that is two pintes so that the oftner you distil it over the less liquor you have but it will be a great deal the more efficacious I do well like that the first distillation be made in Ashes the second in Balneo Mariae To conclude that aqua vitae is to be approved of neither is it any oftner to be distilled which put into a spoon or saucer and there set on fire burns wholly away and leaves no liquor or moisture in the bottom of the vessel if you drop a drop of oyl into this same water it continually falls to the bottom or if you drop a drop into tht palm of your hand it will quickly vanish away which are two other notes of the probation of this liquor The faculties of the spirit of wine The faculties and effects of aqua vitae are innumerable it is good against the epilepsie and all cold diseases it asswages the pain of the teeth it is good for punctures and wounds of the Nerves faintings swoonings gangreens and mortifications of the flesh as also put to other medicines for a vehicle The distilling of Wine and vineger is different There is this difference between the distilling of Wine and Vineger wine being of an aiery and vaporous substance that which is the best and most effectual in it to wit the aiery and fiery liquor comes from it presently at the first distillation Therefore the residue that remains in the bottom of the vessel it is of a cold drye and acrid nature on the contrary the water that comes first from Vineger being distilled is insipid and flegmatick For Vineger is made by the corruption of wine and the segregation of
because it burned divers poor souldiers it also took hold on the house it self and we had been all burned had not great help been used for to quench it there was but one Well there wherein was water in our Casile which was almost quite dried up and in stead of water we took beer and quenched it then afterwards we had great scarcity of water and to drink the rest that remained which we must strain through napkins Now the enemy seeing this smoak and tempest of the fire-works which cast a very great flame and clashing noiâ—e they beleived we had put the fire on purpose for the defence of our breach to burn them and that we had great store of others That made them to be of another opinion then to take us by assault they did undermine and dig under the greatest part of ouâ— walls so that it was the way to overthrow wholly the Castle topsie-turvy and when the mines were finisht and that their artillery shot the whole Castle did shake under us like an earth-quake which did much astonish us Moreover he had levelled five pieces of Artilery which they had seated upon a little hill to play upon our backs when we would go to defend the breâ—ch The Duke Horace had a Cannon shot upon one shoulder which carryed away his arm on one side and the body on the other without being able to speak one only word His death was to us a great disaster for the rank which he held in his place Likewise Monsieur de Martignes had a â—â—oke with a bullet which pierct through his Lungs I drest him as I will declare hereafter Then we demanded Parl and a trumpet was sent toward the Prince of Piedmont to know what composition it pleased him to make us His answer was that all the chieâ— as Gentlemen Captains Lieutenants and Ensigns should be taken for ransom and the Souldiers should go out without Arms and if they refused this fair and honest proffer the next day we ought to be assured they would have us by assault or otherwise Counsel was held where I was called to know if I would sign as divers Captains Gentlemen and others that the place should be rendred up I made answer it was not possible to be held and that I would sign it with my proper blood for the little hope that I had that we could resâ—st the enemies force and also for the great desire which I had to be out of this torment and hell for I slep not either night or day by reason of the great number of hurt people which were about two hundred The dead bodies yeelded a great putrefaction being heaped one upon another like fagots and not being covered with earth because we had it not and when I entred into one lodging Souldiers attended me at the door to go and dress others at another when I went forth there was striving who should have me and they carryed me like a holy body not touching the ground with my foot in spite one of another nor could I satisfie so great a number of hurt people Moreover I had not what was necessary to dress them withal for it is not sufficient that the Surgeon do his duty towards the Patients but the Patient must also do his and the assistants and all exterior things witness Hippocrates in his first Aporism Now having understood the resolution of the yeelding up of our place I knew our affairs wâ—nt not well and for fear of being known I gave a velvet coat a Satin doublet a very fine cloth-cloak lind with velvet to a souldier who gave me a scurvy old torn doâ—blet cut and slâ—sht with using and a leather jerkin well examined and an ill-favored hat and a little cloak I smucht the collar of my shirt with water in which I had mingled a lâ—ttle foot likewise I wore out my stockings with a stone at the knees and at the heels as if they had been wore a long time and I did as much to my shoos insomuch that they would rather take me â—or a Chimny-sweeper then a Kings Suâ—geon I went in this Equipage towards Monsieur de Martigues where I prayed him that he would take order that I might remain near him to dress him which he agreed to most willingly and had as much desire I should remain with him as my self Soon after the Commissioners who had charge to elect the prisoners entred into the castle the seventeenth day of July one thousand five hundred fifty three where they made Messieures the Duke of Bouillion the Marquess of Villars the Baron of Culan Monsieur du Pont Commissary of the Artillery and Monsieur de Martigues and I to be taken through the request that he made to them and all other Gentlemen which they could perceive were able to pay any ransom and the most part of the Souldiers and the chief of Companies having such and so many prisoners as they would Afterward the Spanish Souldiers entered by the breach without any resistance for ours esteemed they would hold their faith and composition that they should have their lives saved They entred in with a great fury to kill pillage and to rifle all they retained some hoping to have ransom they tied their stones with Arquebus-cords which was cast over a pike which two held upon their shoulders then pulled the said cord with a great violence and deriâ—â—on as if they would ring a bell telling them that they must put themselves to the ransom and tell of what houses they were and if they saw they could have no profit made them cruelly dye between their hands or presently after their genital parts would have faln into a gangrene and total mortification but they kild them all with their daggers and cut their throats See now their great cruelty and perfideousness let him trust to it that will Now to return to my purpose being led from the Castle to the City with Monsieur de Martigues there was a Gentleman of the Duke of Savoyes who asked me if Monsieur de Martigues wound were curable I answered not who presently went and told the Duke of Savoy now I thought he would send Physicians and Surgeons to visit and dress my said Monsieur de Martigues in the mean time I thought with my self whether I ought to make it nice and not to acknowledg my self a Surgeon for fear lest they should retain me to dress their wounded and in the end they would know I was the Kings Surgeon and that they would make me pay a great ransom On the other side I feared if I should not make my self known to be a Surgeon and to have carefully dressed Monsieur de Martigues they would cut my throat so that I took a resolution to make it appear to them he would not dye for want of good dressing and looking to Soon after see there were divers Gentlemen accompanied with the Physician and Surgeon of the Emperor and those of the said Duke of