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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19026	A prooued practise for all young chirurgians, concerning burnings with gunpowder, and woundes made with gunshot, sword, halbard, pyke, launce, or such other Wherein, is deliuered with all faithfulnesse, not onely the true receipts of such medicines as shall make them bolde, but also sundry familiar examples, such, as may leade them as it were by the hand, to the doyng of the lyke. Heereto is adioyned a treatise of the French or Spanish pockes, written by Iohn Almenar, a Spanish physition. Also, a commodious collection of aphorismes both English and Latin, taken out of an old written coppy. Published for the benefyte of his countrey, by Wylliam Clowes, mayster in chirurgery. Seene, and allowed, according to the order appoynted.; Prooved practise for all young chirurgians, concerning burnings with gunpowder	Clowes, William, ca. 1540-1604.; Almenar, Juan de. De morbo Gallico. English. aut	1588 (1588)	STC 5444; ESTC S108101	163,640	298

Quicksiluer Lytharge of gold common Salt of each one ounce make heerof an oyntment incorporating with them as much water of Fumitorie and Scabiose as can 〈◊〉 mingled This Oyntment is the proper 〈◊〉 of this disease and the last and greatest secret amongst those things which are outwardly applyed Amongst inward meanes the principall and greatest is the water of distilled Triacle as shall appeare The fourth intention which is the auoyding and purging of the digested matter is first in a potion Rec. Electuarij lenitiui Cassiae newly extracted ana ʒ iij. Electuarij Indi minoris Confect hamech ana ʒ j. giue it with water or the aforenamed decoction in the morning and let him sleepe one houre after These medicines may be tempered with water of Buglosse and Endiue or Fumitorie and such like or adding in steade of Cassia sixe ʒ of Manna for rich persons Or let this medicine be prepared for the rich Take Liquorice sliced Raisins of each ʒ ii Sebesten foure in number Borrage and Buglosse flowers of each halfe one handfull foure Senna leaues one ʒ of Tamarinds let them boyle in sufficient water of Borrage and Fumitorie Take two ounces of this decoction infuse in it foure scruples of Rhewbarh two scruples of Agaricke foure graines of Spicknard let them infuse eight houres then strayne them forth and put to them Electuar lenitiui ʒ vj. Electuar Indi minoris Confect hamech anaʒ j. ss Let him take this potion This is but set downe for example sake These Pilles are conuenient de Harmodactyll de Fumoterrae ana ℈ j. Foetidar ℈ ij Make Pilles with sirrupe of Stichados for one time let the patient take them in the morning and sleepe vpon them three or foure houres All these things are set downe for examples for it is the Phisitions duetie to varie or alter according to necessitie These Purgations are to be taken in the sixt day as is before shewed and the same order to be kept For the fift intention make a bath or steuph with sweete water wherein seeth Mallowes Holyhockes Melilot Cha●●●●●● Roses red Dockes Fumitorie this must bee done the day after the purging For hereby commeth conuenient alteration because moystnesse is most requisite When he begenneth to sweate let him take of this water following Take of the rootes of Holyhocks Fu●●●●ne r●d Docks Elecampane of each one pound cut them s●●tall and put them into foure pounds of Ma●●sey to be mollified during one day and a night afterwarde adde one ounce and an halfe of Treacle being tenne yeeres olde or more put it into a Limbecke and ●et the water distill whereof take three ounces with two ounces of Buglosse water in the beginning as is aforesayd Let this stuffe be often vsed after the sixe or seauen daies be ended and let him drinke this water which is the best and singular and the greatest secret and last refuge in this disease The sixt intention which is the comforting of the parts is thus performed Rec. Laetifican Galeni ℥ iij. Diamusc dul●isʒ vj. aromatic gariofil ʒ ss Electuar regumʒ j. Conseruae Buglossae Cidonior Boragin ana ℥ j. Syrupi de pomis q. s. Fiat Electuarium Hereof let him take ʒ ii or a spoonefull or take Andromachus Treacle of tenne yeeres olde ℥ i. Mithridate ℥ ss seedes of Citrons Bole armoniake of each ʒ i. Incorporat these together and with Musked Rosewater make an Electuary wherof let him take the quantitie of one Hasell nut or a dragme also if he bee weake this restauratiue con●ection may be made Take swéete Almonds Hasell nuttes of each one ounce fistick nuttes half an ounce sixe dragms of the common colde seedes Penidior brawne of a Capon of each three ounces with Rosewater make morsels or l●zenges Hetherto auaile cordiall bagges which it were too long to rehearse For the seauenth intention which is the correction of the accidents in the paynes if they be intollerable take a Lillyroote Henbane seedes of each ʒ iii. one ounce of red Lead the marrowe of an Hart and a Calfe of each two ounces as much Oyle and Waxe as will suffice make an oyntment and applye it Or if necessitie doth require a little Opium may be put to it But because these steupefactiue medicines ought not to be applyed but in great extremitie For Auicen sayth sleupefactiues are to be seared And Mesues sayth If you can eschue it it is not good to giue thē leaue them asmuch as you may trie first those which asswage payne do plainly giue ease as Dill Camomill Melilot Holihocks yolkes of Egs womans milke and such like For pustles vse either the former oyntment or this Take Turpentine Goates fat of each one ounce red Lead Gold Litharge burnt Allom of each one ounce oyle of Bayes two ounces so much Waxe as will suffice make an oyntment For vlcerated Pustles Fistulaes Canker Rec. Fuliginis nitri Litharg Tartar rosted in Colewort leaues vnder the coales Gold ore Pepper Frankincense yolkes of Egges of each ℥ iiii the roote of Elecampane Dockes sodden in strong Lees of each ʒ ii the iuyce of Fumitorie of Docks of wormwood Celandine Elecampane great Beanes Sothernwood of each ℥ iii. white Hellebor Sope Brimstone of each ʒ ss let all the iuyces boyle be skumde and strayned and after the Docke and Elecampane rootes bee beaten and put in afterward the Sope then the powders specified first then put to it common Oyle Swines grease and Waxe of each ʒ ii Quicksiluer extinct in Swines grease ℥ i. make an oyntment which is of miraculous force in these cases For the nodes or knots take rootes of Holyhocks seeth them in white Wine and beate them with Capons grease and applye them or take the mucilages of Linseedes and Holyhocks of each ʒ ii Spike oyle oyle of sweet Almonds Camomill of each ℥ ss one ounce of Butter Gum Arabick and Dragagant of each ʒ i. make an oyntment which hath marueilous force to resolue and mollifie To this purpose serueth a Serecloth of mucilages the iuyce of Hyssope and such like Also the oyntment vsed for Scabbes auayleth in this case Take foure ounces of Turpentine well washed two ounces of Butter washed one dragme of Salt Succi critrangulorum yolkes of Egges of each 3. in number one ounce of oyle of Roses mingle these to an oyntment I could here write many other appertinent medicines but because the principall cause being remoued the rest is easely cured these shal be sufficient Now for the hurt in the mouth if it fall out take white and red Roses of each hal●e a handfull Camomill Sage of each a handfull boyle them in white wine and strayne it put to the expression two dragmes of Allume syrrupe of Mulberies Honie of Roses of each halfe an ounce two ounces of Wine of Pomgranats mingle them and let him herewith wash his mouth often or in ●●●ad of wine the water of Plantaine Nightshade Scabiose or Houseleeke may bee added fiue graynes of Camphyre or

a mans side and without any tarience with his flattring speeches and sweet words brought a sleepe the poore patient to agree to haue his wenne taken away the which in a short time he did attempt And to shewe the worthines of his handy worke presently did cut off the top or vpper part of the Wenne which done immediatly after to grace the rest of his worke he tyed it round about the roote with a strong ligature to cause it beare out to shew the more vgglie vnto the beholders Then he trayned his patient into the Market place with all his sore side open and bare for the market folkes to beholde But God knowes within fewe daies his poore patient by his beastly vsage dyed for which lewd abuse a Gentleman of Darby called Maister Buckley an Atorney of the law vpon an honest zeale and for conscience sake banished this abuser out of the Countrey as an outlawe for euer I will not follow these men or rather monsters neither will I protract time or vse many circumstances but now I come vnto my purposed matter It happened in anno 1577. two Gentlemen were drying of Gunpouder in a brasse panne who as it did appeare had no consideration vnto the ouer heating of the panne but without knowledge of the danger or care of themselues did continually stirre the pouder with their hands vnhappely it chaunced the pouder vpon a sudden became on fire wherewith they were most greeuously burned both hands and face and also their bodies and their clothes were set on fire which caused them to make a most lamentable crying which being heard of diuers in the same house and perceiuing their chamber to bee in a great smoake and smell of Gunpouder presently they entred in and with al hast that possible might be did carie them into another roume and there they did cut rent and teare of all their clothes from their bodies otherwise without these helpes there is no question but they had bene both burned to death There dwelled neere vnto them a Gentlewoman who did bring them into great ease with a whay the which she made of veriuce and milke Neuerthelesse she being fearefull to meddle any farther for that she neuer had experience in such great burnings with Gunpouder and her stomacke could not away with the sight nor sauour of them and then presently I was sent for And after diligent view had I did first anoynt the parts that were blistered specially on their handes and face three times a day for the spa●e of fower daies with this remedie following c. Gale Rec. Salis com ℥ ss Succi Cepae ℥ iiij Misce But where the skinne was burned off and the parts made ravv and paynfull there I vsed this vnguent the which I haue infinite times approued in many cures that haue bene burned with Gunpouder which medicine was neuer chaunged till the parts were perfectly whole without any farther helpes but only this Clowe Vnguent Ambusi Rec. Axunglae porcinae lib. iiij Olei lini lib. ij Olei Ros lib. j. ss ana m. j. Folia maluarum Violarum Nympheae Plantaginis Prunellae Vmbilici veneris Androsemon Sempervini Infuse these sixe daies then boyle it with a gentle fire of coales till the herbes bee parched then strayne it and adde thereto Cerae albae lib. ss Nitri Albi. ℥ vj. And if you please in the bayling to put in of Shoemakers peece grease lib. i. your vnguent will bre the better I haue with this vnguent cured many and it is of my collection But note this that vnto their eyes I applyed this rémedie following Rec Aquae Ros rub ℥ iiij Lactis mulieris ℥ ij Ouorum albuminis numero ij Saccari candi q. s. Misce And I annoynted the eye liddes and the parts neere therevnto with this excellent vnguent Rec. Olei Ros ℥ viij Cerusae lotae in aqua Ros rub ℥ ij Cerae albae ℥ ij Albuminis onorum numero iiij Camphorae ʒ ij Misce fiat vnguent In the end I finished these cures without blemish or signes of any burnings with Oleum ouorum Oleum amigdalarum c. I would be loth that any of the fruite of my labours should bee profitable vnto the wicked or come into their hands sith they are like Esops curre neither good to themselues nor fruitfull to others Here followe certaine remedies good for burnings with Gunpouder Chap. 2. IT is requisite to bee noted and obserued that in any wise you attempt not to cut any of the blisters of them that bee so burned with the flame of Gunpouder for that will cause your patient to be in too intollerable payne but they must be anoynted as aforesayd with the same remedie for the space of three or fower daies or els with any of these here set downe Rec. Saponis nigrae lib. j. Mellis com lib. ss Salis com ℥ j. Misce Or this Rec. Succi cepa ℥ ij Olei lini vet or Varnish ℥ j. Misce Any of these may be vsed as aforesaid and then if you please you may safely proceede in this cure with my vnguent or els with any of these here vnder written Am. Parre his vnguentum pro igne Rec. Lithargiri auri ℥ iiij Olei Ros ℥ iij. Olei Depapaueris ℥ ij ss Vnguentum populeon ℥ iiij Camphor ʒ j. Misce fiat vnguentum Or this Medici florentini Rec. Olei Rosati ℥ viij Olei ex ouis ℥ ij Nitri albi puluerizati ℥ ij Cerae ℥ j. ss Corticis med sambuci m. j. Misce fiat vnguentum secundum artem Or this Rec. The pith and barke of Elders ana ℥ ij boyle these in three pints of water till halfe be consumed then strayne it and adde to oyle of Nuttes ℥ iiii boyle these till the water bee consumed and adde thereto Cerae q. s. Et fiat vnguentum Or this Rec. Lard molten in the flame ℥ ii and powre it into the iuyce of Beetes and Rewe the Creame of Cow milke ℥ i. Mucilage of the seedes of Cidoniorum Dragagant ana ℥ ss Misce fiat vnguentum Or this Rec. Calcis extinctae ℥ iij. Olei lib. j. Cerae lib. iij. Thou shalt euery day once wash the chaulke and let the water be taken away with a spunge do this tenne daies then wash it with Rosewater and let it drie and then melt your Waxe and Oyle and take it from the fire and put in the calx made in most fine powder vnto the Oyle and Waxe c. The true maner and order of the curing of a Marchant of this citie of London which was wounded with Gun-shot Chap. 3. A Fewe yeeres past a Marchant of good account in this Citie of London called Maister Thomas Gore being at Flushing in Sealand there making of great suite vnto the Prince of Orenge and the States for the release of a shippe and goods of his and his friends which the Flushingers had taken at sea in which time of his

Birds although they may be permitted yet houshold flesh is better because it is more moyst Amongst Fishes may be allowed such as liue in rockes haue skales liue in good water and of them may be a dish prepared with Almond milke the cummin séeds and a barley ptisane Amongst Hearbs Borage and Buglosse are the best according to the old verse Borage good how sweet is thy food Thou art greene euer decaying neuer Borage doth say I reioyce alway Also Spinage and in processe of time Fennell Parsley ●ingled with Lettuce and Spinage and of these hearbes and cychory may be made a salade with vineger of Grapes All pulse and hearbs except chiches are to be auoyded All meate made of Milke must be eschued yet perhaps Milke may be permitted if the lyuer be not inflamed nor stomack so that the corruption of it is suspected Héereupon sayth Auicenna in the cure of the Leprosie Milke is one of the fittest medicines Now in respect of the affinitie this disease hath with that it may be heerein permitted Sodden or potched Egges agree well Spices to comfort but very little and especially Cinamom may be graunted therefore this powder may be vsed in meate Take Caroway seedes Amss●eds Ameos Parsley Smalladge Marioram Betony Cummin Calamint Penniroiall Hysope Spicknard P●pper of each ℥ i. Maioram Balme Basill Graines Gal●●gall Liquirice of eache ℥ i. This powder is sit for them which haue a weake stomacke and a cold brayne it reioy●eth the heart quickneth the senses and wonderfully comfor●eth the memorie Temperate fruites are not vnméete In actiue things fruites moderately hoate and moyst are co●tienient as ripe swéet Mulberies ripe Grapes swéet Apples Dates and such like which must first be roasted vnder hoare coales also Almonds Damaske Prunes dried Peaches smothed infused in wyne of Pomgranats are good Let his sléepe be moderate for too much hurteth according to Hippocrates 2. aphoris Notwithstanding it is lesse hurtfull to incline to ouermuch sleepe then ouermuch watching but be carefull to make his sleep tēperate for Auicen in the 3. of the 1. ca. 9. saith Moderate sleepe strengthneth nature Let him auoyd sleeping in the after noone vnlesse he haue not slept by reason of payne in the night Moderate motion after meate when the first and second digestion haue auoyded their superfluities is good Neuerthelesse it is safer to offend in too much rest then too much motion especially rest is requisite in taking of medicines therefore the Empiricks keepe them in their beds for then is nature wholy employed to expell the disease Anger rage sorrow feare and care must be auoyded It auayleth to be merrie to reioyce to hope well of health to be confident to vse frendly and louing company Carnall copulation must be moderate and after the third digestion The belly must be soluble if not by nature then by arte each other day taking this clis●er take Mallowes Fumitory Mercurie of each one handfull Borage halfe an handfull make a decoction whereof take sufficient and adde foure ounces of Oyle two drammes of salt let it be ministred fasting For the first intention take of Cassia newly drawne and the Lenitiue electuarie of each fiue drammes with Sugar make a ball to be eaten these may be tempered with Fumitory water or such like You may giue also Manna Cassia of each sixe drammes and temper it with the other for them which are rich or make this clyster Take Beetes Mallowes Camomill flowers of each one handfull boyle them then put to them si●e drammes of Hiera Picra Cassia and Sugar of each one ounce foure ounces of common Oyle two drammes of salt let him take it fasting For the second i●te●●●●n which is the diminishing of the matter take Violets Borrage ana ʒ iii. Liquirice sliced Rasins stoned ana ʒ ii Prunes Sebesten of each fiue in number Senna leaues Epithymu ana ʒ i seeth thē all take heereof so much as will temper Cassia newly extracted Elect Indi of each i. ʒ ss or as much of confect Hamech make a ball with Sugar or temper them as is sayd before or Rec. Pill faetidarum de fumoterrae ana ℈ i. make three pilles with honny of Roses and giue them after Supper or earely in the morning Concerning the third intention which is the digesting of the matter take syrupe of Fumitory and Buglosse of eache sixe drammes of Cychory water Endiue Hoppes of each one ounce and vse this fiue dayes afterward giue the Purgation before set downe and then take another syrupe take syrupe of Stichades i. ℥ of Fumitory ℥ ss Borrage water Hops and Endiue ana ℥ i. When sire or seauen daies are past let him take the solutiue medicines and then a stronger syrupe to wit de Epithymo with Fenell water Take the rootes of Smallage Feuell Parsley Buglosse Ru●cholme Asparagus the pith being taken out Maydenheare Borrageflowers Balme Doder Polypody Thime Rasi●s of each equally boyle them and strayne them adding a little Vmeger and some Sugar let it boyle once againe heereof let the patient drinke one great draught warme if he loath this decoction giue him these waters with Sugar take the water of Ceterach Fenell Borrage Buglosse Fumitory of each one ounce giue it to drinke with a little Sugar But because the matter is so rebellious that it cannot be digested by inward medicines there must be things outwardly applyed which may helpe to digest it so that although the matter be neuer so stubborne yet by inward and outward meanes it may be ouercome And do not maruaile at the applying of outward medicines to digest 〈◊〉 For Gilbertus sayth in the cure of the compound ●ectian Feuer it is requisite to digest the matter by fomentations plaisters and such like therefore keepe this order that in the first and second day the patient take the syrupe on the third day annoynt him with the oyntment afterward described in all parts applying a little of the vnguent lightly vpon the legges armes soales of the feete and palmes of the hands and this to be done when he goeth to bed and let him take his syrupe in the morning so that in the sixt day he hath taken sixe syrupes and hath beene three times annointed and then giue him a solutiue medicine and the humors which ought to be expelled by the mouth shall be diuerted to the lower partes and so shall he escape the hurt in the mouth The dayes following vse it in like sort strengthening the digestion and also the vnguent by adding Triacle Quick●iluer You may also foment those places with the decoction of Melilot rootes of Holyhock and such like vsing this in the morning thus there shall be three wayes to digest the matter syrupes vnctions and fomentations Now followeth the description of the vnguent Take three pound of butter one pound of swines grease neither too new nor too old one ounce and a halfe of Triacle of tenne yeeres olde one ounce of Mithridate two ounces and an halfe of

halfe a dragme of Philoniū may be put to it as the payne requireth But these stupefactiue medicines are to be taken heed of The peeces of greene Gowrdes holden in the mouth are profitable It is good to wash the mouth with milke mingling with it the water of Nightshade or water Lillies I could adde many mo but because no hurt shall befall the mouth if you deale as I haue sayd before I ceasse and come to shewe the way how to auoyde this disease What cautions must bee obserued to escape the French Pockes Chap. 5. THey which are carefull to escape the French Pockes let them first eschue sinne For it is commonly sayd Aduersitie followeth Iniquitie especially let them beware of ryot For it is sayd in the third of Iob Ryot is a deuouring and consuming fire And the spirituall Phisitions doe say that diuers diseases followe diuers sinnes as the quotidian Feauer commeth for pride the Gowte for slouthfulnesse the Leprosie for ryot and so of the rest Seeing therefore this disease is likened to the Leprosie it is to be ascribed to Ryot But because these things perteine to an other Phisition this shal be sufficient Therefore wee counsaile on our behalfe that men beware to conuerse much with them that are infected principally from carnall copulation with an infected woman for this disease is contagious Therefore saith Auicen in the 2. of the 1. in the conclusion of his treatise of diseases Some diseases passe from one to an other as the Leprosie Scabbes small Pocks pestilent Feauers yea rotten Apostumes Sith then this disease is neere to the Leaprosie or Scabbes it must be thought contagious Moreouer such things as do engender ill humors especially melancholy nourishment must be auoyded as was shewed in the order of the sixe things not natural And if it happen the yard be hurt by carnall copulation it must be helped presently with this washing Take Rosemary Sage Camomill of each one handfull boyle them in white Wine to which being strained put two ounces of the Wine of Pomgranats halfe an ounce of hony of Roses wash the yard or infected place with this after spreade vpon it this powder Rec. Litharg auri cerussae ireos nucū cupressi ana ʒ i. make them into powder and apply it after the washing and if this powder be too strong put to it Mastick Myrrh Frankincense of eache one dramme But for more securitie when man or woman hath companied together let them wipe themselues cleane with a cleane lumen cloath and beware the womens cloathes for they are infected and this done yet for more securitie let him or her wash the place with warme water or white Wine for because of the frication of the parts some slyme sticketh to the yard which causeth infection to the yard and the bodie therefore the vse of this order will be good to auoyde that infection filthynesse Certayne difficulties are dissolued which may be propounded touching this disease Chap. 6. IF the reason be demaunded why this disease beginneth in the secret parts 〈◊〉 some fooles annswere that it commeth by reason the humors in that place are most méete to be corrupted but if this were a sufficient reason almost all diseases should haue there beginning in that place Therefore it must be say● that betweene those parts and the qualitie of this disease there is such conformitie and this came by meanes of that ●●fluence for euery thing worketh not vpō euery thing but a certaine vpon a certaine Arist 1. phys so this disease is readier to be first taken in the yard then in the necke head shoulders and not in other places Therefore the influence at that time was an enemy to the head and yard And if it be demaunded why it hath the termination by the mouth it may be aunswered that this procéedeth of the propertie of Quicksiluer which doth drawe humors to those parts or better thus that Quicksiluer by his heate doth warme and make thinne the humors thus prepared to expell them by the vppermost parts therefore Paulus affirmeth it to be hoate and moist in the fourth degrée to whome I doo rather stick then to Auicen who maketh it cold in the second degrée And if it be demaunded why the mouth doth stincke it may be aunswered that this commeth of the Quicksiluer whose fume hath propertie to make the mouth stinck as Auicen saith can 2. cap. 2. Heereupon also commeth paine in the head and hurt in the mouth as it may be gathered of the nature of it vnto this may be added the burnt putrified ill humor which may make the same accidents and therefore it is no maruaile if there be so great paines Now the especiall remedie is that when the humor beginneth to be expelled by the mouth it be diuerted by medicines ministred vpward and downeward to bring it to the lower parts If it be demaunded wherefore some persons being apt to melancholick diseases both in regard of complexion and ill order are not infected I say that perhaps their bodies are more firme and consequently do more hardly receiue an impression then others or by some other propertie which in diuers bodies is found to be diuers as saith Auicen 1. 1. And if it be demaunded why Quicksiluer helpeth or is more auailable thā other medicines except the distilling of Triacle before mentioned it must be aunswered to come of his propertie or rather manifest qualitie because it is hoate and moyst in the highest degrée and the disease cold and drie That the disease is cold and drie it is proued first because it is Saturnall as hath beene shewed secondly because it is found by experience that hoate moyst things helpe also because it hath affinitie with the Leprosie which is a cold and drie disease and with other melancholick diseases againe because it is a long disease for Auicen saith 1. 3. cap. 2. That sicknesse which is prolonged is wholy cold and it is confirmed because we see this matter to putrifie seldome or to cause a Feuer heereupon sayth Galen Nothing doth properly corrupt of cold or drye 2. Booke of Complexions Therefore this must be sayd so to be because the disease is cold and dry If it be demaunded why some medicines seeme to helpe in the beginning but when they are continued they ceasse to helpe it is said that this commeth of a double cause whereof the one is in nature the other in the disease in regard of nature which by continuance doth loath and reioyce in nouelties in regard of the disease because albeit in the beginning the medicine is contrarie to the disease yet in processe the contrarietie ceasseth through custome therefore sayth Auicen There is no passion from a thing accustomably vsed 4. 1. Heereupon we sée some beastes to be contrarie and enemies at the first meeting but by vsuall conuersation that enmitie ceasseth then they become tame and the strife is ended between them this must be also accompted amongst the qualities