Linctus for it is assumed by little and little as it were by licking or sucking that by staying and lingering in the passage it may deerre into the breast or at least its cough-curing virtue may reach the cavities of the Breast and the grisles of the Lungs concoct Spittle and cause its exclusion which by the strength of nature may easily be done after concoction of the humour by a Vomit or Expectoration upwards Now they are not onely exhibited in a morning upon a fasting stomack but also at evening and sometimes betwixt meals to several effects and for several intentions and according to the matter intention and quality whereof the Medicaments consist for they are given to leniate deterge incrassate incide expectorate and stay blood Eclegms also according to the Antients may be made of Medicaments of any sapour yet very bitter and very sharp Medicaments we do not approve of for this use for besides that ingratefull sense they bring to the palate they exasperate the hollow artery and the jaws and greatly molest the lungs yet are souâ— ones sometimes prescribed for the attenuation of gross humours But use hath so far prevailed that in the confecture of CoughcuÃing Eclegms it is almost a Law that nothing but sweet Ingredients should make up the Compound as juice of Liccorish Pines Jujubs Sugar-candy Dragaganth and such like Electuaries mixed in Honey or some fit Syrup But if the condition of any affection preternaturally require bitter or sharp Ingredients then must they be mixed with the other Medicaments in a less quantity both that they may be more easily assumed and also that in altering the humour contained they may not hurt the part containing Quae eclegmata conveniant Asthmaticis Such Lohochs as these are for their notable faculty in inciding and opening commended to the pursy and such as breath difficultly because of gross humours in their Lungs An Eclegm should be assumed upon a stick of Liccorish a little beaten or out of some little measure and holden in the mouth till it melt of its own accord and till it slide down the mouth of the stomack or insinuate it self into the Artery subjected They are reposed in earthen vessels leaded and may be kept a whole year without impairing their virtues Yet such as in their Confecture receive Almonds or Nuts as they grow mouldy sooner so do their faculties sooner fail and decay There is to be sold in Shops a certain Electuary somewhat liquid for Glisters and it is made of one pound of the decoction of Violets Malva the herb Mercury Pelitory of the wall Beets and Wormwood with the same weight of the Pitch of Cassia and Honey despumed which being thicker than any Syrup and borrowing its colour and virtue from Cassia is called Lohoch of Cassia Lohoch cassia CHAP. XI Of Electuaries in general SUch Medicaments as externally applyed can cure any Poyson whether within the body or inflicted on the body by some bite are by the Greeks called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and those 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which introsumed help many grievous affections The Latins do not onely retain and confound both these names but also denote them by the name of Electuary to us for the Antients called them Antidotes the later men Electuaries Whereof according to their different consistency there be two kinds the one solid which Apothecaries make into little pieces which they call Lozenges the other more liquid made and formed into the consistency of an opiate But if according to Galen the difference of Antidotes or Electuaries be taken from their quality and vertues some are assumed because of deadly Medicaments others are prevalent against venemous beasts others are prescribed to diseases contracted by ill victualls and some are accommodated to all these uses which may not only be wholsomley introsumed but also externally applyed as Triacle Mithridate Electuaries according to their different solidity are called Dry and Tabulated Electuaria sicca ac tabulata or Liquid which have the consistency of an opiate a mean betwixt an Eclegme and Pills as all Antidotes whose powders are subactd with sape honey or wine which put to sugar righly prepared and agitated with a woodden pestell do acquire the just consistency of a solid Electuary So that wine and the same Electuary may be formed liquid or solid according to the adjection of sugar or honey with artificiall mixtion yet they can scarce be brought to a solid Consistency which admit of the extract of Cassia and the inner part of fruits The proportion of honey to powders in liquid Electuaries should be the same with sugar to them in dry and solid Electuaries which is that to one pound of honey or sugar should be mixed three ounces of Powder yet either may be increased or diminished as the power of the Antidote is requisite to be more valid or more weak for by how much more sugar or honey is added to the powders by so much is the Electuary weaker and by how much the lesse by so much the stronger In purging Lozenges one dramme of powder should be mixed with an ounce of sugar cocted in water or some juice to a consistency somewhat more solid than a syrup in Cord all Lozenges two ounces of sugar often go to one dram of powder the quantity whereof should be by so much lesser by how much the quality is stronger and the sapour more ingratefull But Physicians should define a just quantity of sugar or honey Medicorum error for while they prescribe onely according to their custome as much as will serve of either indefinitly they leave the Apothecary doubtfull in making the Electuary and they commit the sick persons safety to his judgement for he may make the strength of the Medicament more weak or more intense as he pleases and you shall scarce find two Apothecaryes who put the same proportion of sugar or honey to the same remedy when the quantity is not prescribed In the Confecture of the liquid Antidote Electuarium liquidum faciendi modus the honey is washed with a little water and boyled by little and little on a moderate fire and despumed till the water or other liquor be exhaled then it is taken off the fire and before it be absolute cold three ounces of the mixed powders are sprinkled upon the honey every pound of honey so prepared requires three ounces of Powder and then they are mixed with a woodden postell till the mixture be equall The weight of honey should not be changed because of the mixture of the pulpe of Cassia Tamarinds or Manna Dactyls and Almonds or other fruits for in confecting an Electuary of a Legitimate consistency the weight of dry powders must be answerable to the sape honey or sugar A soft Electuary should not be reposed in a box before it be thoroughly cold least its superiour part be extrinsecally incrusted in a certain Membrane it is betetr to let it be fermented and the
above This Prescription is accommodate to stay both fluxes to wit of Flowers and Hemorthoides â„ž Shepherds purse Knot-grass Mouse-ear Plantain ana m. j. Roses m. ij Balaustians m. j. boyl them in Bean cod water let the vapour enter in at the genitals This will asswage and allay the dolour of the Hemorrhoides â„ž Mullein m. ij Marsh-mallows m. j. Linseed â„¥ ss boyl them in milk and whil'st they are hot put them in a stool-pan and sit upon it that the vapour may ingrede the fundament CHAP. IV. Of an Hypocaust or Sudatory AN Hypocaust is a place made like a little Fornace Hypocaustum quid wherein sweat is procured by dry heat ascending through like Spiracles from the fire set under it It is called by another name to wit Unde dicatur Laconicum Ejus usus Laconicum because the Laconians chiefly used it as the Romanes did baths It conduces much in frigid and diuturnal diseases for seeing its fervid and sharp heat doth not onely calefy the external habit of the body but the very praecordia and internals also it potently opens the passages calefies melts and by sweat educes the humours But seeing this external calour continually thus occurring and insinuating it self into the internals doth speedily project the humours it can scarce be tolerated one quarter of an hour without dissipation of the spirits and loss of strength whereupon swoundings often follow but the more delicate and such also whose bodyeâ— are loaden with impure excrements are chieâ—â—y in danger of this delinquency Quae ingressum bypocausti praecedere debent He therefore that consults his sanity should never enâ—â—â— these Sudatories till he have by purge and phlebotomy if need be exonerated his body for so the reliques of those humours that infest his body may be easily projected by sudour The Rusticks custome is irreproveable who being destitute of an Hypocaust extracted by due and artificial industry take a Hogshead of a just magnitude and calefy it either by a fire or by setting it over a pan full of burned coals or a vessel full of hot water and set therein sweating profusely and with case without any danger of swourding Some will sit in an oven where bread is but lately drawn out put their heads onely out at the mouth thereof and so sweat abundantly Chirurgions have invented a certain Aestuary of a vimineous texture like a Bird-cage wherein they excite such to sweat as are infested with the French disease which they properly call a Cage wherein the Birds do not nourish but are nourished These miserable Wretches are included herein with hot bricks and almost suffocated till they sweat abundantly in every part of their bodyes having before drunk of the Decoction of Lignum sanctum or Sarsaparilla or some other Alexitery which will both move sweat and deleate the French disease CHAP. V. Of Fomentations FOments are so commodious that no part of the body is averse to their sanative operations Aetius prescribes this Medicament to fore eyes Trallian initio lib. 6. to the ears to the flux of the belly yea he thinks them convenient to asswage any dolour Celsus cap. 12. lib. 3. admits of Foments in Feavers and thinks they should not be omitted but by all means applyed to pleuritical hepatical splenical and arthritical persons as also to the calculative or other parts affected where the ulcer hath not dissolved the continuity nor divided the integrity For Oribasius cap. 29. lib. 9. saith they rarify the skin for transpiration attenuate the blood discuss part thereof and so operate that the parts affected are not so dolorous Foments therefore are made for many purposes as thus to roborate the ventricle â„ž Wormwood both the Mints tops of Dill Roses of each m. ij A Foment roborating the stomack Penniroyal Marjorum of each m. j. Balaustians Cyperus nuts bruised of each â„¥ j. boyl them in water with a fourth part of wine added towards the end of the Coction and foment the ventricle with sponges dipped therein as hot as can be suffered Trallian prescribes many Foments to the splenetick affections which consist of such things as roborate it or as incide and digest the humours or as change and alter its intemperance This Foment after purgation doth remove obstructions and roborate it â„ž Cetrarch or Spleen-wort Roman Wormwood Staechados A Fotus for the spleen Tamaris of each m. ij Broom flowers Jasmine of each m. j. boyl them in water and wine for a good space and to every pint of the Decoction adde Oil of Capars â„¥ iij. with which foment the part affected either with sponges or bladders filled and applyed This Foment is very good to cure the Pleurisy â„ž For the Plenrisy Marsh-mallows Mâ—llows Violets of each m. ij the flowers of Mâ—lilot and Chemomile tops of Dill of each m. j. Linseed â„¥ j. boyl these either in water or milk and foment the side either with cloaths or spunges dipped therein After the foment liniate the part with some lenitive Oil as Oil of Lillyes Almonds or Violets or else with new Butter This foment for the diseased of the Stone must be applyed to the region of the reins â„ž Fotâ—â— pro calculosis Water-cresses Pelitory Beets Violets of each m. ij Fâ—nâ—greek â„¥ ij boyl them in Hydromel and foment the reins therewith CHAP. VI. Of Epithemaes SOme make no difference betwixt a Foment and an Epithema but Fernalius rightly asserts them to be different Medicaments Differentia inter fotum epithema both from their forms and their efficacy seeing a Foment endued with many qualities may be constituted many wayes and applyed to many parts But an Epithema is chiefly eximious for two qualities to wit alterative whereby it emends some distemper and roborative or alexiterial whereby it strengthens the heart and oppugns some kinde of poyson and for the most part applyed onely to the regions of the heart and liver They consist of distilled Epithematum materia cordial and alterative waters or liquid decoctions mixed with powders of fingular virtues wherein the proportion of powder is of one scruple or half a dram to every ounce of water which we mix with a little vinegar Some Alexipharmacal Confection is sometimes diluted in stead of powders as in some pestilent season or in some malignant distemper which impairs the strength of the heart and faculties of the diseased for in such a case it is most secure to mix some Antidote or Mithridate with the Epithema This Epithema doth refrigerate and roborate the liver inflamed with a Feaver â„ž An Epithema cooling the liver of the waters of Succory Endive Water-lillyes and Plantain of each â„¥ iij. Vinegar of RosesÊ’ j. Pulvis Triasant â„¥ j. ss Diarrhadon AbbatisÊ’ j. Troches of CamphorÊ’ ss fiat Epithema and with a cloth dipped in it bathe the region of the liver An Epitheme thus confected will muniate and preserve the heart and strength of the vital faculties â„ž An Epithema to comfort
that same which is educed out of many gums The seeds of Line Foenugreek Mallows Quinces Flea-wort and Marsh mallow roots as also their roots macerated in warm water are very mucaginous Figs also Gum Arabick Tragacanthum and Isinglass if they be a whole night infused in water or other liquor and the next day recalefied and strongly expressed through a new cloth or bag will dimit much mucaginous matter Thus the mucage of Bdellium Sugâ—penum Ammoniacum and Galbanum is extracted to make up the confection of the mucilaginous Emplaister To every ounce of water or other liquor they ordinarily impose an ounce of seeds or roots but if the Mucage should be more crass then the quantity of roots or seeds must be augmented if more liquid diminished as one dram of seed to an ounce of water This Muslidge applyed to an inflammation helps much â„ž A Muslidge against inflammation The roots of Marsh mallows â„¥ ss Flea wort seedÊ’ ij â—nfuse them upon hot embers for a day and a half in Night-shade water afterwards strain it and apply it to the part affected This Mucage mitigates the dolour of the eyes caused by heat â„ž Another to the pain of the eyes from a hot cause Quinco kernelsÊ’ iij. infuse them a whole night in the water of Night-shade Water-lillyes and Eye-bright ana â„¥ i. ss in the morning extract the Muslidge and apply it to the part grieved CHAP. XI Of Collyryes IT is not enough that a Medicament be accommodated to an affection onely but it must be fitted to the part affected also for we do not prescribe one Medicament to the ears mouth nose and belly but exhibit a singular Medicament to each as will best fit it The eyes have their peculiar Medicaments called Collyryes which are endued with eximious qualities respecting their affections eximiously such as Galen speaks of libro de oculis libris 4 5. composit medicament loc as also Paulus and Aetius in many places There are two kinds of Collyryes the one dry Collyriorum differentia Collyria ficca called by the Arabians Sicf by the Grecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Latines Collyria fieca the other humid 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which are by the more recent called Collyries absolutely either because by their liquid form they are better accommodated to application the eyes not tolerating a hard and crass remedy or else because they are made of dry Collyries levigated upon a Marble and dissolved in water or such convenient liquor Some of the humid Collyries are of the consistency of Honey or a soft Unguent Tuthiae praeparatio as Tutia redacted to the form of an Unguent by much ustion and lotion with the juice of Fennel or other convenient liquor Others are altogether liquid and fluxile as all those which are made of the waters of Eye-bright Roses or Plantain with a small quantity of white Trochisks These should be reposed in glass vessels as the more solid in earthen pots And as a multitude of ocular affections are cured by Collyries so a multiplicity of materials go to their confecture as the whole Family of Medicaments whether of Minerals Animals or Plants from which either Powders can be efringed or Waters distilled or Juices extracted or Excrements desumed When you would quicken the sight make an oxydorcical Collyrie of such Medicaments as cure caligation as the galls of Animals the waters of Salendine and Eye-bright or the water of Community which confect thus â„ž Eye bright m. iij. Salendine Fennel Vervine Fumatory A water to quicken the sight ana m. ij Rue Balm ana m. j. Cloves Mace long Pepper ana â„¥ ss macerate them a whole night in equal parts of white Rose-water and white Wine then distill of the water with which wash the eyes This Collyrie will cure the pruriginous scabies of the eye-brows â„ž White wine * * * White For the scabies of the eye-lids Rose water ana â„¥ j. ss Hepatick Aloes finely pâ—lverized Ê’ j. mix them and make thereof a Collyrium This Collyrie will roborate and refrigerate â„ž A cooling and strengthening water for the eyes The water of Plantain and red Roses ana â„¥ ij whites of Eggs â„¥ ss mix them and beat them well together and make thereof a Collyrie This Collyrie applyed to the eyes will asswage their dolour â„ž For the pain of the eyes The waters of Purslain and Plantain ana â„¥ j. ss the mucilidge of Quince seeds made in Night shade water â„¥ j. mingle them fiat Collyrium This Collyrie will most efficaciously desiccate roborate and refrigerate â„ž A water strengthening and drying The water of Mouse-ear white Roses and Plantain ana â„¥ j. Troch alb RhasisÊ’ i. Tutty preparedÊ’ ss fiat Collyrium This Collyrie commonly called Eleiser roborates the eye and hinders the lapse of the fourth membrane or uvea and it is thus confected â„ž Collyrium Elciser Antimony Lapit Hematit anaÊ’ x. Acacia â„¥ ss AloesÊ’ j. let them be finely powdered cum aqua * * * Knotgrass Corrigiolae fiant Trochisci and when occasion calls for them dissolve one of them in white Rose water This other Collyrie which hath its denomination of Lead is endued with a sarcotical and consolidative faculty and is thus made â„ž A Collyrie of Lead Burnt Lead Antimony Tutty washed burnt Brass Gum Araback Traganth ana â„¥ j. Opium â„¥ ss make of these a Powder and with white Rose water form them into Trochisks which dissolve in white Rose water This Collyrie of Lanfrancus so called in whose Works I could never yet finde it is excellent against the French disease and is thus described by the antient Writers â„ž Collyrium Lanfranci White Wine lb j. of the water of Plantain and Roses of each a much as will suffice AuripigmentumÊ’ ij VerdigreaseÊ’ j. Alâ—es Myrrke ana ℈ ij let these be finely powdered and make thereof a Collyrium CHAP. XII Of Virgins milk VIrgins milk is one of those Medicaments which the sedulity of our age hath invented the making of which works no small admiration in the Vulgar whil'st of two unicolourous juices mixed together they educe a third white viscid and lent substance like milk to the spectators eyes Thus many exhibiting a specimen of their ingeny are believed to do miracles while they onely unfold Natures secrets Lac virginale cur dicitur Now it is called Virgins milk partly from its colour whereby it is like milk partly from its consistency and virtues wherein it is eximious even to delete the freckles of the skin which change and adulterate the virgin and genuine colour of the face This topical Medicament is made after many wayes whereof this is the most ordinary Receipt â„ž Litharidge of Gold finely powderedÊ’ iij. white wine vinegar of the best and strongest lb. ss mingle them together stir them with a wooden spatula for three hours afterwards filter the liquor through a brown paper in the form of a funnel
Electuaries faculty requires In purgative tables one dragm of powder must be put to an ounce of sugar duely cocted in water or other convenient liquour Portio Sacchari in tabellis purgantibus in roborative tables that they may be more gratefull to the palate more sugar is requisite as two ounces of sugar to every dragm of powder I shall onely hint here a little of tables in this book since I have Cap. 11. lib. 3. at large discoursed not onely of liquid Electuaryes but solid also and tabells in the description of such Medicaments as may be long preserved Yet that I may suggest the formes of all Medicaments to him that would confect them I will adde some few receipts of roborative tabells as ℞ Cordiall Tabulets Spec. Elect. diamarg. frigid de Gemmis anaʒ ss powder of the bone in the heart of a Hart ℈ ss Spodium ℈ i. with sugar dissolved in Rose water ℥ iii. make them into Tabulets ofʒ i. orʒ ii weight take one of them every morning fasting Such as are rich and begin to recover from some long disease or are any way troubled with palpitations and swoundings let them get these tabells confected ℞ Pul. Aureae Alexandrinaeʒ ss diacinam hyacinthor smaragdor pearle finely powdered of each ℈ i. Monoceros horn and Bezoar stone of each ℈ ss with sugar dissolved in Rose water ℥ iiii make them into little Tabuletts Those tabells they call Manus Christi are reducible to this head which are nothing else but Sacharum rosatum either simple as the common or more compound which admitts of Pearls in its confection and is called Manus Christi perlata which is thus confected ℞ Manus Christi perlata Of the whitest sugar dissolved in Rose water and cocted till above the consistency of a syrup ℥ ii pearl finely powderedʒ i. fiant Tabella CHAP. XXII Of Powders BEsides those powders kept in shops for future uses whereof we have spoken elsewhere there many others which are made for present use as the digestive powder which helps the frigidity of the ventricle Pulvis digestivus and the imbecility of the coctive faculty being confected of such Medicaments as are stomachicall roborative help concoction and dispell flatuosity and it is thus made ℞ The seeds of Dill and Coriander prepared of eachʒ ii Orange pill Conditedʒ i ss Pulvis flatus discutiens Cinamonʒ i. Mace Cloves of eachʒ ss sugard Candy ℥ ii or iii. make of these a powder Another Powder also of eximious power and vertue to roborate the ventricle and parts addicted to sanguification and dissipate flatuosity is thus confected ℞ The seeds of sweet Fennell and Coriander Condited of eachʒ i ss Squinant Calomus aromatic an ʒ ss Dianisi Diamargar frigid and Diacinamon of each ℈ i. A crust of Bread well toasted ʒ ii sugar ℥ ii make them into a powder Cordiall and Alexiteriall powders that roborate the principall parts and faculties in malignant feavers may be thus confected ℞ The roots of Angelico Tormentill of eachʒ ss A Cordiall Powder Ligni Aloes ℈ i. Citron seeds and Cinamon of each ℈ ss the bone in the heart of a Hart burnt Ivory the best pearle of each ℈ i. Monoceros horne Bezoar stone of each ℈ ss Dictamusʒ ss sugar of Roses ℥ i ss make of them a powder which must be taken fasting or long after meat with the water of Scordium or Carduus or some distilled restrative or other convenient liquor There are also topicall powders which are applyed to solidate wounds and implete ulcers with flesh of which in their place THE SECOND SECTION Of such as are either ingested or injected CHAP. I. Of Errhins ALL Medicaments are either assumed ingested or applyed Juleps Apozemes Syrups and all such as enter only at the mouth whereof we have before treated are assumed Errhins Suppositories and Clysters are ingested Unguents Salves Fomentations and many more whereof we shall now treat in order are applyed we begin with such as ingrede the body but not at the mouth but the nose privy parts or fundament and have their egresse where they made their ingresse Those which are immitted at the nose are thence called Errhins and vulgarly Nasalia those which are exhibited at the nose to purge the head are thence commonly called caputpurgia by the suffrage of Chyrurgicall Medicks They are constituted of Medicaments indued with a sharp and exterging faculty whereby the expulsive faculty being more validly excited moves and expells the humour lodged in the brain such as be the qualities of Bete Sow-bread wild Cucumber and the juice of Marjoram as also the powder of Euphorbium Hellebore and Pepper and of such like sharp Medicaments which snuffed up the nostrills move sternutation and purge the brain some also consist of astrictive and agglutinative Medicaments as those which are prescribed to stay a bloody flux They are given in divers formes either liquid which must be attracted by the nose or solid which must be ingested into the nostrills or pulverall which must be snuffed up A liquid Errhin is thus confected ℞ A l'quid Errhine Of the juice of the root of Beet and the leaves of majoran of each ℥ i. of the juice of Brank ursine and Sow-bread of each ℥ ss fiat Errhinum let a portion of it as ℥ ss be attracted in the morning up your nose again and again still keeping water in your mouth least the Errhin from the nose flowinto your mouth Some are given in forme of an unguent which they daub on the interiour part of the nostrills and they are good for such as are troubled with continuall headache with bad eyes Epilepsy and dulnesse of smell their bodyes bring first duely purged and they are made thus ℞ Of wild Cucumber Pellitory of each ℈ j. white Pepper An Erhine in the form of an Unguent Carpesium or Cubebs and stavesacre of each ʒ ss with a little oil of orris and wax make it up into a liniment A solid Errhine to stay the bleeding of ones nose is thus made ℞ Bole-Armenick Draggons blood of eachʒ j. Roses Balaustians of eachʒ ss and with a little whites of eggs well beaten make them up into the Consistency of a sollid Errhin or immerge therein a little Hares down or cotten and make it like a tent to be put up the nose in a pyramidall forme to which annexe a thread that you may extract it at your pleasure Ptarmicall or neezing powder when it s used for Errhins is thus described ℞ Hellibor both white and black of eachʒ i. Euphorbium ℈ ss dryed orrisʒ ss make of these a very fine powder let a small portion thereof be snuffed up the nose after a convenient Catharticke CHAP. II. Of Pessi or Pessaries BY the name Pessus or Pessarium we understand all those suppositoryes which are immitted into the privy parts which are by Hyppoerates called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as unguents plaisters roots or bruised hearbs and penicills but
wherewith they mix the Powder of Worms But I had rather make it thus ℞ of Steel well preparedʒ ij Cinamonʒ ss the species for the Electuary of the three Sanders and de Gemmis of each ℈ j. the Powder of Dictamus ℈ ss with Sugar dissolved in balm-Balm-water ℥ iiij of which make Tablets ofʒ iij. weight or ℥ ss one whereof take in the morning fasting They used to put more Sugar to Cordial Tabels but then they are less efficacious THE SECOND PART Of Powders necessary to be had in Shops IN the former part of this Section we have tradited onely most select Cordial Powders omitting onely such whose qualities were affine and similar whose descriptions were ungrounded and use disapproved Now in this second part we shall treat of such as being more frigid and sweeter are not as the former Aromatical but Bechical and Thoracical for they are convenient for the Cough of the Lungs and all Thoracical affections CHAP. 17. Pulvis Diaireos simplex ℞ of Florentine Orris ℥ ss Sugar-candy Pul. Diatrag. frigid of eachʒ ij make of them all a Powder to be kept for use The COMMENTARY The Author of this Powder is most uncertain but its use most frequent it should be conveniently excepted in Sugar duly cocted in the white of an Egge clarified with coltsfoot-Coltsfoot-water and concinnated into Tabels or Lozenges Each ounce of Powder must have a pound of Sugar yea they sometimes put two ounces of Sugar to one dragm of Powder and the Electuary thus made is more grateful but less efficacious as on the contrary when each dragm of Powder receives an ounce of Sugar The manner of its preparation is so easie that it needs no further description It stayes the distillation of the Jaws Vires attenuates cocts and expectorates crass humours There is another composition of Diaireos denoted by Solomons name which being harder to make more insuave and no whit more efficacious is seldome made CHAP. 18. Pulvis Diatragacanthi frigidi or The Powder of cold Diatragacanthum D. Myrep ℞ of Penidees ℥ iij. Gum Thraganth ℥ j. Gum Arabickʒ x. Starch ℥ ss the seeds of white Poppyʒ iij. of the four greater cool seeds Liquorice of eachʒ ij Camphyr ℈ ss make of these a Powder The COMMENTARY This Powder hath its name and basis from Tragacanthum which in its composition is most prepollent It receives many Bechical viscid refrigerative and lenitive simples whereunto Myrepsus its Author addes Nettle-seed as very accommodate for the attenuation and expurgation of crass humours which because it makes the compound both in colour and sapour ingrateful is by Neotericks omitted others supplying its faculty better It is kept either in form of a Powder as the rest or of a tabulated Electuary each ounce of Powder admitting of a pound of Sugar It helps all hot affections of the lungs and breast Vires conduces much to such as are macilent or consumed it cures the Pleurisie asperity of the tongue and jaws and cocts and expectorates spittle CHAP. 19. Pulvis Diapendit sine speciebus or The Powder of Penidees without species D.N. Myreps ℞ of Penidees ℥ ij Pine-nuts sweet Almonds decorticated white Poppy-seed of eachʒ iij. the Juyce of Liquorice Gum Thraganth Arabick the four greater cool seeds Starch of eachʒ j. ss Camphyr gr viij make of them all a Powder The COMMENTARY Diapenidion is made either without species as in this form or with them when Cinamon Cloves and Ginger are added thereto as Myrepsus its Author describes it and the said species Almonds Poppy-seed and Liquorice-juyce are put in equal weight It is kept either in form of a Powder or of a solid Electuary which by the Authors advice may be thus made Three ounces of Violers must be macerated and cocted in a pound of water till the water be of a violaceous colour one pound of Sugar must be cocted in the colature to the consistence of a solid Electuary wherewith whilst hot the Penidees and other levigated simples must be so mixed and subacted that the mass may acquire a solid form whereof tabels or Rhombodies may be concinnated and reposed for use All with one consent confect Penidees thus but few agree in the proportion of the simples for each one changes their weight this we have delivered is the most usual form This Powder conduces very much to those that are infested with a cough Vires pleurisie difficulty of breathing asperity of jaws hoarseness and many vices of the lungs If it be made with the species besides the enumerated effects it also incides attenuates and cocts viscid crass and cold humours preparing them for expectoration CHAP. 20. Confectio de Rebecha ℞ of the Powder of Diaireos cold Diatraganth of eachʒ ij Powder of Liquorice ℥ ss Sugar-candyʒ iij. and with Gum Thraganth dissolved in rose-Rose-water make a Paste of which Rolls The COMMENTARY Though this confection be of an unknown Author yet it is most usual grateful for sapour and commendable for effects The Powders whereof it consists are indeed kept severally till they be mixed with Tragacanthum solved in rose-Rose-water or other convenient liquor or else coacted with Sugar cocted in some idoneous humour into a mass whereof Pastills or Bacills may be formed We anumerate it amongst Bechical Powders because it is of the same use and consistence Some think this consection is called Rebecha from Bechia for it is Bechical some ignorant fellow reading Rebechi for ℞ Bechi in some ancient Medicks receipt gave the name to this Confection which is now called Rebecha It cures such as cough Vires breathe difficultly spit corrupt blood are infested with the Peurisie asperity of the tongue and jaws and hoarseness CHAP. 21. Of Penidees PEnidees are much commended amongst bechical and arteriacal Medicaments which consist but of a few ingredients for they are made of Sugar and Barley-water mixed in such proportion and so cocted that a mass expurges thence of such solidity that it is tractable not adhering to ones fingers but easily ducible into long or short crass or small threads which that it may be duly effected the mass while hot is adduced reduced and drawn upon a ferreous hook affixed to the Beam till it be dealbated and severall figures made out of those threads Bulcasis the Author of this Compound made it of pure water Sugar and Honey mixed with as much Oyl of bitter Almonds But now we take Barley-water omit Honey and onely anoint the hands of the subacter and the Marble on which it is projected with Oyl The shop-men call this Medicament Alphenicum from the whiteness it contracts by subaction and duction It cures the cough hoarseness and asperity of the artery moves Vires cocts and excludes spittle and helps all affections of the Lungs and Breast SECT II. Of liquid Antidotes THere are of the Powders described and other Cordial and Alexiterial ones diluted in some idoneous liquor certain soft confections made which we sometimes call Liquid Antidotes
cure the Pthysick Lettice 421. the seed of the Cotton-tree 362. Pistaches 386. Pine-kernels 388. Milk 448. Decoctum Testitudum 162. syrupus Resumptivus 523. Lohoc of Foxes lungs 550. Antidotus Analeptica 619. Venice-Treacle 626. Treacle-water 732. Diamarg frig 599. species Diatrionsantaion 602. For Swounding These recover swounded persons Bezoar-stone 457. syrup of Apples simple 515. confection of Alkermes 615. confection of the Hyacinth 656. Antidotus Analeptica 619. Venice-Treacle 626. Treacle-water 732. Diamarg frig 599. Electuary of Gems 600. pulvis Dianthos 605. For the palpitation of the Heart These cure the palpitation of the heart Doronâ—cum 330. Ambergrife 405. Silver 427. Mosch 450. Bezoar-stone 457. syrup of the juyce of Bugloss and Borage 510. syrup of Apples simple 515. conserve of â—ugloss 537. conserve of Rosemary-flowers 539. confection of Alkermes 615. consection of Hyacinth 656. Venice-treacle 626. treacle-Treacle-water 732. electuary of Gems 600. For weakness and 〈◊〉 of the heart Those Opiates comfort the heart prescriâ—ed in 168. that Condice in 169. cordial Tablets 174. powder in 175. Epithema in 190. Sacculus 210. the powder for suffumigation 214. Borage-flowers 228. Roses 284. Saffron 251. Myrabolens 255. Zerumbet 272. Costus 274. Cinamon 276. Kermes 283. Lignum-aloes 286. Saunders 287. Angelico 298. Woodsorrel 353. Gitrons 372. Oranges 373. juyce of Pomegranates Ibid. Benzoin 381. Storax 386. Ambergrise 405 Coral 406. Ruby 414. Granate 415. Hyacinth Ibid. Silver 427. Mosch 450. syrup of the juyce of Woodsorrel 510. syrup of Grapes 513. syrup of Lemons and Pomegranates 501. syrupus Regius 519. Rob Ribes 533. conserve of Bugloss 537. conserve of Borage 538. Enulacampane condited 548. antidotus Analeptica 619. oyl of Cloves 683. Claret 734. common Claret 735. Electuary of Citron solutive 573. troches of Gallia Moschatae 634. troches of Aliptae Moschatae Ibid. species Diambrae 601. Diamoschum Ibid. Aromaticum Rosatum 603. Pulvis laetificans 604. Diacynamomum 606. To increase native heat Calamus Aromaticus 273. Cardamomes 280. syrup of five roots 505. antidotum Asyncritum 620. Venice-treacle 626. Electuary of Senna 564. troch Hysterici 641. For the Plague Against the Plagne drink of the decoction of the roots of Enula-campane 290. Angelica 297. Gentian 300. Tormentil 301. Dittany 319. Scordium 322. Leopards bane 330. Carduus benedictus 331. Lemnian earth 396. Hyacinth 415. Unicorns horn 456. Bezoar-stone 457. Enulacampane-roots condited 548. Solomons Opiate 622. Electuary of an Egge Ibid. Mithridate 624. oyl of Vitriol 679. oyl of Sulphur 681. Emplastrum Diapalma very good for pestilent tumors 722. treacle-Treacle-water 732. Pil. Ruffi 578. troches Alexiterii 641. powder against the Plague 608. To cause Sweat To provoke Sweat take Tormentil 301. Carduus 331. syrup of Apples simple 515. Treacle-water 732. Mithridate 624. Venice-Treacle 626. troches of Vipers 630. To resist Poyson These resist Poyson Wine 219. Marshmallows 229. Fennel 239. Cummin 245. Caraway 246. Amomum 247. Zerumbet 271. Setwel 272. Rocket-seed 294. Nettle-seed 295. decoction of Elecampane-root drunk 297. Angelico 298. Tormentil 301. Dittany 319. the root and seed of Lovage 299. Gentian 300. Mother of Thyme 310. Peniroyal 312. Polium Ibid. Balm 317. Horehound 318. Betony Ibid. Dittany 319. Scordium 322. Birthwort 324. Ground-pine 326. Leopards bane 330. Carduus 331. Valerian 333. Rhaponticum 335. Agnus castus 340. Ash-leaves 341. Bistort 559. Citrons 372. Oranges Ibid. Juniper-berries 391. Galbanum 401. Storax 386. Ruby 414. Saphire 413. Castoreum 450. Unicorns horn 456. Bezoar stone 457. the reins of Stincus 467. syrup of Grapes 513. conserve of Betony 539. Enulacampane-roots candid 548. confection of the Hyacinth 656. the Opiate of Solomon 621. Mithridate 624. Venice-Treacle 626. Troches of Vipers 630. Troches of Squills 632. Treacle-water 732 oyl of Scorpions 665. For the weakness of the Stomach To corroborate the stomach use Alces 256. Nutmegs 278. Mastich 384. Mint 314. the condite against Vomiting in 169. the opiate in 168. the foment 189. the plaister 725. Wine 219. Anise 244. Caraway 246. Myrobolans 255. Ginger 270. Galangal 271. Cardamomes 280. Cubebs 281. the roots and seeds of Lovage 299. Gentian 300. Peniroyal 312. Mint 314. Wormwood 316. Rhaponâ—cum 335. Strawberry-water 360. juyce of Pomegranates 373. rosted Quince 374. Dates 382. Olives 383. Juniper-berries 391. Mastich 384. syrup of the juyce of Woodsorrel allays the heat thereof 510. syrup of Grapes works the same effect 513. syrup of Quinces 515. syrup of Myrtles 516. syrupus Regius 516. syrup of Wormwood 519. vinous Hydromel 528. Honey of Roses 536. Rob of Quinces 515. conserve of Betony 539. Enulacampane-roots candid 548. Rosata novella 617. antidotum Asyncritum 620. Venice-Treacle 626. oyl of Mace 663. oyl of Aniseed 683. stomachical Cerate 712. plaister of Bayberries 720. Stomach-plaister 725. Plaister of Mastich Ibid. Claret 451. Diaphoenicon 555. Hiera picra simplex 567. Hiera picra with Agarick 568. Hiera pachii Ibid Hiera Diacolocynthidos 569. Electuary of Citron solutive 573 Pil. Stomachicae 577. Pil. Mastichinae 589. Pills of three solutives 579. Pil. aggregativae 585. Pil. Asaiareth 587. Pil. de aromatibus Ibid. Troch Galliae Moschatae 634. Troch Aliptae Moschatae 635. Troch Diarrhodon 636. Troch de Antispodio corrects the inflammation of the stomach 637. Troch of Berberries 638. oyl of Wormwood 654. oyl of Roses 651. ol Omphacium 119. oyl of Mints 653. Electuary of Gems 600. species of the three Saunders 602. Aromaticum Rosatum 603. Diarrhodon Abbatis Ibid. pulvâ—s Laetincans 604. species Diacalaminthos 607. oyl of Myrtles 657. oyl of Quinces 658. oyl of Mastich 660. Against Texing or Hickup To stay the Hickup take Ceterach 235. Birthwort 324. Dill 336 Honey-suckle 338. antidotum Asyncritum 620. Philonum Romanum 621. To stay Vomiting To stop a daily Vomiting make use of Quinces 374. Sorb-apples 375. Barberries 380. syrup of Grapes 513. syrup of Pomegranates 514. syrup of dryed Roses 508. Rob Ribes 533. Rob de Cornis 535. Rosata novella 617. antidotum Asyncritum 620. opiate of Solomon 622. plaister of Mastich 725. oyl of Mint 613. aromaticum Rosatum 603. oyl of Quinces 658. Obstruction of the Mesentery Salvia vita 236. syrup of Peach-flowers 500. syrupus Byzantiuâ— 512. Diacassia 554. Hiera picra Galeni 567. Hiera picra with Agarick 568. Electuary of Meadow-Saffron 571. Pil. of three Solutives 579. Pil. Imperiales 580. species of the three Saunders 602. To allay any Vehement heat in the Liver To asswage the heat of the Liver take Epithimus 237. Oxysaccarum 511. syrup of Endive 518. Lettice stalkes condited 545. Oyntment of Roses 690. Cerate of Saunders 711. Electuary of Eleabane 560. Troches of Camphur 635. Troches of burnt Ivory 637. Troches of Berberries 638. Oyl of water-Lilies 653. For the obstruction and paine of the Liver These remove the obstructions of the Liver true Maiden-hair 233. Salvia vita 236. Dodder and Epithimum 287. Asparagrass 239 Ladies-rose 247. Myrabolens 255. Saunders 287. Grass-roots 363. Asarabacca 325. the lesser Centory 335. Rhapontick Ibid. Meum 336. Broom 339. Ash 341. Liver-wort 356.
mitigated The five opening roots after Lotion should be steeped in vineger Quinque radicum aperientium praeparatio that they might the easier cut viscid Phlegme and sooner deduce humors by the passage dedicated to the expelling of humor Nettle-seed Urticae semen quibus conveniat steeped in the decoction of the hearb Draconth and assumed helpes any stopping at the stomach for it is exceeding good for those that are troubled with stoppages It causes the throat and other parts by which it passeth to cease to burn or itch But purging ingredients and odoriferous spices are usually infused in Wine or Water or some suitable decoction or some distilled water or in juices extracted from vegerables according to the severall ends and purposes of the Doctor that they might lose their proper qualities and transmit them into the liquor thus Rhabarb and Agarick are wont to be infused not onely that their vertue might go into the liquor but that it might have a better and more effectuall operation of the body of him that assumes it The mixture of Vinum Hypocraticum is onely the infusion of Cinamon in the best Wine Vinum Hypocraticum with the dissolution of sugar so much as will dulcorate it There is also some Ginger mixed with it by the Apothecaries that it may the better content and please the drinkers palate So also Gummi Ammoniacum Gummorum infusio Galbanum Oppoponax and Sagapenum are macerated steeped or infused in Wine or Vineger to bring down their consistences that the filth mixed therewith may be separated from them by colature before they are to be used in the compositions of Electuaries or Plaisters or for other uses So flowers of Violets Roses and Water-Lillyes Florum Insusio are infused in warme water till their vertues be transmitted and the colature dulcorated with a sufficient quantity of sugar to bring it into the consistency of a syrup CHAP. VI. Of Humectation and other differences of Infusion HUmectation Infection or Triture are wont to be reduced to infusion or Immersion And Irrigation or Inspersion to Humectation for those Medicaments that are liquored with Vineger Milk Water or other humor grow moist or are humected that they may more comodiously and conveniently be used and commixed with others Now humectation What Medicaments need humectation is absolute necessary to all forraign Medicaments which being brought to us from far Regions are hard and dry their juice being evaporated and therefore we resartiate their native humidity or cherish and defend that small relique of it that is left by a light immersion or irrigation or oftentimes by reposing and keeping them in a coole place as when we lay and preserve Cassia in a cellar Venetian Treacle in a leaden pot c. that their vertues may not so soon be exhaled Many odoriferous simples also should be moistned The humâ—ctation of odours if they are ordered to be pulverized or grinded as Amber Bezoar Musk c. least the more subtill and odoriferous parts should fly away Humectation also is very necessary for the preservation of fruits and blaunching of them from their skins and hulls As Almonds that they may be enucleated are first to be scalded in hot water Pine nutâ—s and other fruits and nutts before they can be preserved must be steeped moistned and macerated in water that their acrimony and bitterness may be abated for any fruit that hath any apparant quality of acrimony by a frequent immersion in water or other liquor doth waxe more mild Camphire Colocynth Euphorbium How to powder Camphir Colocinth Euphorbium How to powder Mastick and many others that are to be pulverized must be besprinkled with a little oyl of Almonds or such other thing before their grinding and Mastich humected with a little rose-water which causeth it sooner to be pulverized and its vertue lesse expire or its subtler part be diminished by flying away Irrigation is reduced to humectation Irrigation which is as it were a little or sparing humectation for those that must be used dry ought to be irrigated or moistned with a gentle sprinkling that they may become more usefull and their vertues more retained CHAP. VII Of Nutrition MEdicaments in a rationall sense cannot well be said to be nourished but in a Philosophicall sense they may as when a medicament is augmented by the mutuall apposition of two three or more Medicaments which acretion the vulgar Apothecaryes call Nutrition and perchance it was indued with this name because it is as apparantly altered in mixing as Nutriment in nourishing Now nutrition is not unlike to Humectation Nutrition is Cosin-german to Huniectation for in both there must necessarily be mixed some liquor or other which in Humectation is copious but in Nutrition spare for in the latter the liquor must not be powred on with that quantity that the forther requires for when it is once irrigated or sprinkled it must be presently dryed and that either by the Sun or fire and againe moystned and dryed and so irrigated three or foure times Sarcocolla nutritia as the Gum Sarcocolla which is nourished with a womans or Asses milk but if macerated with a copious quantity thereof it presently dissolves and the milk will be soure before the Gumme can be dryed Alcumists usually nourish metalls by a congruent homour to the thing nourished prepared after an occult manner either that they may the sooner be melted or dissolved or nourished and augmented And so to the making up of the crude unguent which is prepared with one part of Litharge Triapharmacon foure of oyl and five of vineger the Litharge by a continuall beating is so nourished by the foresaid oyl and vineger that it growes to the consistency of an unguent without the help of fire or addition of other hard bodyes Many roots are irrigated sometime with Wine sometimes with other liquors that they may swell As Mirabolans with milk or with any other liquor correspondent to the Physicians purpose and intent So likewise Aloes is sometimes nourished with a decoction of Aromaticks The way to wash Aloes or some other fit and convenient liquor answerable to the doctors intent but oftner with the juice of hearbs leaves or flowers as with the juice of roses red or damask of red to roborate or damaske to purge both which do augment the aforesaid qualities and sometimes in the juice of Endive to mitigate the heat of the stomach but first it should be dissolved in some of the aforesaid juices afterwards dryed then pulverized againe washed and nourished with the same proportion of juice and dried as before and this reiterated so often till the Aloes have drunk in the determinated quantity of the juice or liquor CHAP. VIII Of Maceration Infection and digestion MAceration is so neere a kin to humectation that they are often used for one and the same manner of preparation for Medicaments are infunded humected and macerated for the self
same purpose and by the same way and art Yet notwithstanding Maceration requires a longer space of time than the two former Oleum Acopum so Flores Populi and semen Abietis ought to be macerated in oyle according to Galens advice cap. 14. lib. 2. de samt tuend for three four or more moneths together and then the oyl to be pressed out for the commixtion of the other ingredients Ginger with other hard roots green Almonds with other fruits are to be macerated so long till they the wax soft or loose their unprofitable or ungratefull quality In the making of syrup of Poppyes Syrupus de papavere the heads of the Poppyes are to be macerated in water for a day or two or sometimes three till they wax tender and their quality transmitted into the water Lignum Pali sancti and that Peregrine root Guaiacum Radix Chinae which the Easterne Indians calls Lampatan will scarce emit their vertues without a long maceration before their coction The same method must be observed with other woods and roots which ought to be macerated in some or other convenient liquor answerable to their propertyes that their vertues of what kind soever they be may be transmitted into the water or decoction Dates must be macerated three whole dayes in vinegar according to the prescript of Mesue before they be pulped Dates for the composition of Diaphaenicon Tamarinds and Mirabolans also must be macerated in whey made of Goates milk that according to the opinion of the same Author their bad and Nocumentall qualities may be amended and that they may no wayes offend the stomack Tincture or infection is neere a kin to humectation and maceration Tincture of Insection for those that are to be infected must be immerged into some certain juice yet not alwayes for the colour or tincture only but that it may acquire a more excellent quality As Sericum Crudum tinctured in Succo Cocci Baphicae Cochaneel or with a decoction of Kermeâ— Berries before it go into the composition of Confectio Alkermes that it may more increase its Cardiack quality and give it a more delightfull tincture Digestion also may be reduced to Maceration by which Medicaments are occluded in some convenient vessell or other close shut as meat in the stomach and so macerated adding thereunto Wine Vineger Oyle or some other convenient juice Chymists make a more ample discussion of digestion but nihil attinet ad nos under which they comprehend rectification insolation and sometimes nutrition CHAP. IX Of Triture WHen Medicaments of themselves hard and solid cannot conveniently be assumed or applied therefore they are prepared and changed by Apothecaries with such Art that they may easily and wholesomely be assumed for they breake and pulverize them and that either grosse or fine as the occasion requires Now this breaking of Medicaments is chiefly for three ends The reasons of pulverization First That they may be exactly mixed with others Secondly That they may acquire a new faculty Thirdly That their malignity may be corrected The manner of breaking of Medicaments The divers manner of wayes of Triture is different and various for many are brayed in a stone morter as in Marble others in Metall morters as Iron Brass Lead and sometimes glasse others in a Wooden morter as of Box or Guajaicum with pestells usually of the same matter for an Iron pestell is most apt for an Iron morter a Wooden one for a Wooden morter a Leaden for a Leaden morter and a glasse pestell for a glasse morter Some cannot nor will not be so exactly pulverated by beating as by grinding and rubbing and that upon a smooth marble made hollow for that purpose where instead of a pestell we use a little marble stone called a Mannipulus which we hold in our hand and circumduce it this way and that way round the stone Gemms so that we leave no part of the Medicamet unrubbed and after this manner Gemmes and pretious stones are made into powder till we can perceive no knobbs with our fingers which powder so brayed the vulgar call marbled dust after which manner also those powders ought to be attenuated which go to the making up of Ophthalmick unguents Some are brayed and ground with turning stones as Wheat and Barly in a Mill and so a great quantity of hard seeds may easily and speedily be bruised and grinded to powder Those Medicaments we prepare onely for coction need but little bruising and those also that are of a thin substance whose vertue is dissipable need but little bruising also as almost all flowers And those require much bruising that are hard thick solid nervous and not easy to be broken as also such as partake of a malignant quality as Colocinth the grosser part whereof assumed being not well powdered inheres in the turning of the Intestines and exulcerates the part causing the bloody flux Those that confist of a meane substance as many odoriferous simples must be bruised moderately least their more subtill and odoriferous parts should exhale and be dissipated yet they must be beaten very small when they go to the confection of any electuary and when we would have them to search and penetrate to the remotest parts then must they be beaten very fine when we would have them to stay long in the body then they must be courser provided they be not indued with any maligne quality some must be beaten very fine and small that they may sooner performe their operation and manifest their power Roots and hearbs are sometimes beaten green and sometimes dry sometimes raw sometimes boyled for their different ends and uses but those must alwayes but be bruised mode rately that are to be boyled for alwayes observe Note that a greater Triture is requisit for roots than leaves lesser for fruits and a meane for seeds For seeds require but a contusion betwixt roots and hearbs So likewise many Medicaments can scarce be redacted to powder unless something be mixed with them The husks of Silkwormes As Coloquintido fericum crudum Camphire and many more which onely dilate by beating them alone unlesse there be some unctious or liquid matter superadded sometime we use to sprinkle some with wine other with water some with oyl and vineger that they may not only sooner be brought into powder but also better serve our intention The harder part of Animalls as bones hornes clawes nailes may be more easily pulverated if they be first filed or burned in a Crucible There are some who also burn Sericum Crudum Sericum must not be burned wooll and the haires of severall Animalls before they powder them but thereby they loose their former vertues and acquire new ones and therefore it is better to cut them small and dry them in an oven and so beat them strongly till they returne into powder some unctious seeds as the four great coole-seeds are to be excortiated before they be powdered because
they clog and sticke to the pestell many gumms dropps and juices conveighed to us from far Countryes are full of tender fibres and as it were covered with a coare which are so hard to be broken and dissolved the innermost not dry of it self that they cannot be beaten to powder alone but must first be cut into small peeces and then beaten with other dryer Medicaments Gum Traganth Arabick Mastick Franckincense Sarcocolla and juices that have a pliant humor cannot easily be pulverated by beating but rather by a gentle rubbing circumducing the pestell lightly round the bottome of the morter and some others not till some drops of water be sprinkled upon them And some are so friable as starch white Agaricke and many kindes of earths that they may be easily even with a light rubbing be brought into powder other have so gross hard and compact a substance and such a strong and lasting vertue that they must be long and laboriously beaten before they will be sifted Those in generall that require strong concoction require much Triture and those that require lesse concoction also lesse Triture And when any Aromaticke Ingredient or odoriferous simples or Gemms and precious stones are pulverizing the morter should be covered with a convenient cover either of wood or leather least the more subtill part should exhale and their odour decay and they more should be closer covered when Euphorbium or Hellibore are beaten least the fume should offend the nostrills and cause importunate sneezing Learned Sylvius hath appointed this order and method to be observed in pulverating Medicaments that thick hard and pliant Medicaments be first put into the morter and then such as are not so solid and last of all those that are most unctious Lead How lead is to be powdered according to Fernelius cap. 16. lib. 6. method may be pulverated after this manner First it must be beaten into small and thin plates which being cut very small must be macerated in the strongest vineger for three dayes together the vineger changed every day afterwards taken out and dryed but not burned which if laboriously beaten in a morter will quickly be brought into a very fine powder the vertue whereof is excellent in concreting purging and curing of maligne ulcers CHAP. X. Of severall kinds of Triture AS the matter to be powdered is manifold so also is the manner for they are not only diminished by beating grinding and rubbing but also by crumbling breaking knocking filing whence there are many kinds of Triture not performed by pestell or morter but by other instruments as rubbing-stones Malletts chopping-knifes hammers files whence arise attrition confrication section fraction rasion and limation Attrition is by Sylvius taken for a certaine manner of preparation Attrition what it is whereby some certaine Medicaments were grated or rubbed on a stone such as are brought to us from Naxia an Isle of Cyprus As Lapis Judaicus or Collyries made into the forme of a pill and so dryed which being rubbed upon the stone with some convenient humor and so the matter by this preparation is made so fine and small that will not hurt or exasperate the eye to which it is applyed Galen cap. 4. lib. 4. comp Medicam local Butter is sometimes so rubbed and fretted in a leaden morter with a pestell of the same till it acquire and obtaine the same colour which is effectuall in curing the itch and such distempers as require mitification and so the quality of the butter is not comunicated to the lead but the quality of the lead to the butter and so we way expect the like from other liquors and juices fretted in the like matter and manner Confrication is a certaine remiss attrition Confrication by which such things as are easily pulverable are levigated by the crumbling betwixt ones fingers and such as are more solid by rubbing as Ceruse which assoone as it is rubbed crumbles to powder so that confrication and attrition differ onely in more and lesse First the roots woods and barks of trees Section are cut off with sawes and hatchets and afterwards cut less to repose in shops and after all reduced into fine powder that they may serve to our use bones nailes clawes hornes are also divided by the same instruments that they may be sold by male piece and now of late rasped and shaved But this preparation made by Section may seeme remote from the Apothecaries purpose since it rather hath respect to the seller than the buyer yet that more nimble Section by which the unctious seeds of cucumbers citrulls mellons pepons pistakes and such like are excorticated by a knife neerely concernes them Many roots stalkes and leaves of Plants are cut with a paire of sheeres before they be bruised That they may be boyled for Medicamentall uses Tender hearbs are broken from their stalks by twineing and pulling in the hand but their dryer parts are not broken till they be bended together Mineralls sometimes are fractured by a fall oftner by tender knocks and percussions Many roots and stalks are cloven after the same manner that Coopers cleave their twiggs Fission but their thicker and harder parts are divided either with an axe saw or wedge and mallet Many roots are scraped aswell to take away their barke Rasson as to purge them from their decayed parts but wood and harder substances as Box and Guaiacum or those substances that are not so compacted as Lignum aloes Sandalls Boares-teeth Harts-horne Unicorne and Rhenoceroes horne Elkes clawes and dryed yards and peezles and many more are rasped that they may transmit their force into humors by coction and more easily be pulverated Rhabarbe Agaricke Ginger Nutmeggs and sugar are oftentimes abraded upon a grater and sometimes Quinces saith Sylvius because by this means a greater quantity of juice is gotten out of them than by bruising of them in a morter Metalls especially are filed Limatiâ— because otherwise they could not be pulverated by rasion or beating for they either not yield at all or else dilate being beaten and are no wayes levigated Gold and silver are filed and their dust exhibited without further preparation Steele Iron Brasse and Lead are for the most part filed that they may be burned and afterwards pulverated for future uses Teeth also and hornes and mens sculls and some hard woods are filed that they may be divided smaller than by rasion for that which is filed is smaller than that which is scraped CHAP. XI Of Coction THAT gentle Medicaments might become more wholesome and fitter for use and Composition they are wont to be altered by convenient Coction For Coction Probl. 7. sect 12. Hip. is an Alteration What coction is and Commutation of the thing boyled now there are three different coctions Maturation Elixation and Assation but because Maturation called by the Greeks Pepansis is a naturall kind of Coction we will omit it because we intend onely to treat of Artificiall Coction to which
Conserve to be better if a Syrup perfectly cocted be made of the decoction of this herb and Sugar and then mixed to other cleansed and brayed Leaves of this herb for thus it acquires a more excellent virtue and a more fit consistency Dry Conserve is made of dry Roses levigated very small with eight times their quantity of Sugar boyled in Rose-water to the consistency of an Electuary Conservae ex rosis siccis to which a little juice of some sowr Simple as Lemmons or Sorrel may be mixed for this juice doth not onely make it sweet and sowr and pleasant to the taste but of a more red and pleasant colour By the same art may other dry Conserves be made of dry Flowers CHAP. VIII Of Condites in general ROots Conditura cur fiat Fruits and other parts of Plants are condited either for conservation or for sapour or both For Conservations sake many are condited with Salt or Vinegar and sometimes both as Olives Capers Samphire Cucumbers and Broom-flowers For Sapours sake the pils of Oranges Lemons Almonds Pine-apples Cloves Nuts and many Seeds are confected with Honey or Sugar For both Conservation and Sapours sake many Roots Fruits and Flowers as the root of Ragwort Pears Plums Barberries and the flowers of Bugloss and Violets both that they may taste better and keep longer And such things as are to be condited are first concocted in an apt syrup and reposed and reserved with it in an carthen glass or vessel which are called by Apothecaries Condita liquida liquid Condites But if after perfect Concoction they be exposed to the open air till their superficies be dry and that viscid lentor wherewith they cleaved to the fingers of such as touch them Confecturae siccae be resolved then are they called dry Confectures Hereunto by a certain affinity may be referred a certain kinde of Condite which is called Pasta regia or a Mazapane but we shall treat of that more positively in our fifth Book in our Treatise of particular Remedies Those Delicates which the Confectioners call Tragemata Tragemata i.e. Junkets may be referred to solid Condites for they as other Condites are prepared by the help of the fire and the addition of Sugar but after a different manner For examples sake if Seeds are to be condited the Sugar must first be cocted into the consistency of a syrup then is it by little and little poured upon the Seeds then are they moved with ones hand and that so long till the Seeds be covered and incrustated all over with the Sugar Lemmons pils small cut as also Cynamon are condited after the same manner Now Fruits being humid they require a liquid Confecture and Seeds being dry a dry one CHAP. IX Of Powders THE Medicinal Art can by no means want Powders for when Medicaments are either too humid or dry by the Greeks called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the dry for the most part are pulverated the humid are made up and concinnated with these Powders as Electuaries solid Conserves Trochisks Plaisters and other Medicaments both intrinsecally to be assumed and extrinsecally to be applyed for nothing in Chirurgery is more frequently prescribed than incarnating astringing and closing Powders Pulverum in Chirurgia frequens usus and nothing so carefully prepared and kept of Apothecaries as cordial capital and roborating Powders which are not onely mixed with other forms of Medicaments but oftentimes prescribed alone to divers uses and affections as to roborate the principal parts preserve their strengths extinguish Poysons stay Fluxes help concoction to binde or lose the belly Many external passions are oft cured with these alone Pulvis vulnerarius optimus seldome without them as any Wound with red Powder compounded of two parts of Dragons-blood and one of Frankincense as a great Ulcer after detersion with incarnating Powder Pulvis epuloticus optimus Thus a slash or skar of a Wound is closed with an Epulotical Powder the best whereof are the Powders of Pompholix Brass oar Ceruse Spodium Terra Lemnia and Lead rightly prepared Now generally Pulveres in medicina quid praestent Medicaments are either given in the form of Powders or of them other forms are made borrowing their matter from Powders for these do not onely serve for to be fitted to the forms of several Medicaments but whether you look to the body or the quality of Medicaments these are for the most part their very Basis And Powders are made of the most select Medicaments beaten more or less as the nature of the Medicament or the exigency of the matter requires And all that are levigated or redacted into Powder are called of the Latines by a general name Pulveres which the Arabians call distinctly by these three idioms Sufful Alkool Alkool Sufful Sief and Sief Sufful denotes any kinde of Powder whether small or great Alkool that which is very small Sief denotes the attrition of certain Trochisks upon a Marble mixed with Rose Fennel or other convenient water to the griefs of the eyes Now some Powders to wit such as are made by the Confectioners are destinated onely to Sauces as the Powders of Pepper Ginger Nutmeg Cynamon and such like sweet Spices and they are called of the Seplasiaries small Spices which they used to keep in Leather bags Other Powders are cordial and roborative which pertain onely to the Medicinal Art as the Powder of Diarrhodon Abbatis Diacynamon Dianisi Laetitia Galeni and other cordial Powders which should be reposed in boxes glasses or pots close covered lest their virtue suddenly expire Other Powders are also made as Cathartick Powders which are onely for present not future uses because by keeping they are much worse and weaker Yet scarce is any Powder internally assumed alone and unmixed but is put in water or some other liquor though not so applyed externally which we often lay to Wounds and Ulcers alone Perfumers Cosmeticorum studium Chamberers and such as would take away wrinkles from old women with painting and promise to fascinate and cure stinking breaths make several Powders of suaveolent Spices as of the root of Orris of Roses Sandals Storax Betzoini sweet Cane Cynamon Cloves Marjorum Amber Musk Civet of which and other odoriferous Simples they make two excellent Powders which they call Chyprium Violetum and also many other and various Powders for the delectation of them that desire them They are wont to repose them in silken bags and put them in chests with their cloaths But the Apothecary need not be sollicitous about these for whom it is more expedient to have good Pulvis Diamargaritonis than Chyprium CHAP. X. Of Eclegms in general A Certain Medicament is made for the diseases of the Lungs something thicker than a Syrup and more liquid than an Electuary which the Arabians call Lodoch the Greeks 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and sometimes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Latines
takes not onely water but confects Juleps of juices infusions and decoctions And the vulgarity of men call all limpid dulcorate Potions Julens whether they be made of distilled waters onely or of the decoction of a few sweet simples and much water percolated clarified Julepus zizyphorum and dulcorated such as the Julep or rather Syrup of Jujubs for when it is made of a hundred great Jujubs and four pounds of water cocted to the half and one pound of sugar it acquires a more crass consistency than a Julep and therefore when it comes to be used it requires dilution in simple water cocted or in a Prisane whereas a Julep is limnid enough of it self And that same Syrup which from its frequent use there derives its name from Alexandria Syrupus Alexandrinus is improperly called a Julep since it is as much inspissiated by coction and as long kept as any Syrup Now the Julep of Roses is right made when it consists of Rose-water with half as much Sugar cocted almost to the crassitude of a Syrup or little less if it be presently to be assumed as vulgar Juleps Julepus rosatus qui fiat which are made for present use of Sugar or some Syrup with thrice its quantity of water as â„ž The water of Endive â„¥ iij. Syrup of Limons â„¥ j. mingle them Thus Juleps should be of a more liquid consistency that they may be percolated but those that are longer cocted or receive onely a double quantity of Water to their Sugar as the syrup of Roses Syrupus Rosareus Rondeletii according to Rondeletius or an equal weight of both according to Sylvius are because of their crassitude scarce fluid and admit not of percolation Therefore according to the different coction and quantity of Water to the Sugar it will be a Syrup if both be equal or a Julep if three parts of Water be put to one of Sugar according to Loubertus Since Juleps are easy to make I shall onely describe one or two forms â„ž of the waters of Fumatory and Wood sorrel an â„¥ ij of Sugar â„¥ j. boyl them on a gentie fire till one ounce be consumed make it into a Julep for one dose An Hypnotical Julep to conciliate sleep may be thus made â„ž The water of Water lillyes Ê’ ij of Betony â„¥ j. Syrup of Poppyes simple â„¥ j. drink it at the hour of sleep which is at nine of the clock at night CHAP. V. Of distilled Restoratives ALL analeptical and restorative Medicaments which refocillate the habit of the body absumed by long disease or hunger which are prescribed to resartiate the vigour of the faculties weakned with languor are not onely taken from medicinal but alimental matter For whereas they conduce partly to the nutriment of the body and partly to the cure of the part affected it is manifest by reason that they should be endued with various qualities Now they are called distilled Medicaments Distillata cur dicta because they are distilled drop by drop from an Alembick into a subjected Vessel and Restoratives because they are extracted from nutritive flesh from Conserves Cordial Powders and all such things as either by their odour or substance refresh the spirits or roborate the principal parts Many disapprove of the custome of the ancients who distilled the raw flesh of Capons or Partridges purged from their bones and fatnesse together with the powders and conserves for seeing raw flesh is hardly concocted and the faculty of the powders easily and dissipable with what reason are these mixed especially seeing that the water first distilling from the crude flesh corrupts soon they seem to do better that put the flesh halfe cocted and its own juice into the Alembick with the other materialls Neither do we approve of their action Catenarum aurcarum decoctio non utilis who coct golden chains together with the flesh seeing nothing of them is dissolved nor yet extracted from them save that filth they have contracted by touching Their custome is more laudable who cast filings of Gold into coction as the Apothecaryes of Paris use to do who spare no cost that they may confect their restoratives and other compounds well This solemn and excellent distillation may be thus accomplished â„ž Of the broth of one Capon and 2. Partridge lb. ij of the waters of Buglosse Wood Sorrell and Water-Lillyes of each as much as will suffice of the Conserve of violets succory and roses of each â„¥ ij Pulveris Diamargariti frigidi Electuarii triasantali diarrhodonis Abbatis an â„¥ j. Troches of Camphor â„¥ ij filings of GoldÊ’ j. ss put them all into an Alembeck and after convenient maceration let them be distilled according to Art The description of another distillation excellent against hot and malignant feavers â„ž Of the waters of Wood sorrell Goates-beard Carduus Succory of each â„¥ iiij Cock broth lb. j. Conserve of Water-Lillyes Roses of each â„¥ j. Treacle â„¥ ss of the powder of the roots of Angelico and Termentill of eachÊ’ ij Dictamus â„¥ j. Carduus and Citron-seeds of eachÊ’ ij Sage and Orange flowers of each p. iij. put all these into a still and according to Art proceed to the distillation You may adde to a portion of this same distillation when you would use it some fit liquor as the juice of Lemmons or Orenges with a little common sugar or conserve of Roses if the sick desire it CHAP. VI. Of Decoction or Apozemes GErmany indeed that I may a little decline from the rode is happy in that it is not only a nursery of famous men but a treasure also of precious things Yet as the frugiferous tree brings forth with fragrant Apples blasted blossomes and sometimes pestiferous fruits so hath she produced a very Monster in nature I mean that Pseudomedick Paracelsus who professed the Devill the Authour of his Medicine calling his characters and words the Devils Art our syrups and decoctions mans inventions Herophilus the ancient Philosopher denoted these as also all Medicaments with more sanctity calling them the Auxiliatory hand of the Gods which being indued with divine and admirable faculties are able to cure the diseased and preserve the sound body Upon this account Heraclitus famous also amongst Philosophers was wont to call sacrifices Medicaments because they like some praepotent Physick purge the soul as medicaments do the body Cael. Rhod. cap. 2. lib. 12. The Impostor said truely when he called decoctions mans medicaments for herewith the quality of the peccant humours is tempered many pains eased the violence of the untimely guest death abated the acerbity of the symptomes mitigated and the parts reduced to their native bonity and vigour for they are made of all kinds but especially of alterative and roborative Medicaments wherein sometimes some benign purgative simples are infused in small quantity for it were absurd to call any blackish ingratefull laxative decoction wherein much Senny or half an ounce of some electuary as Catholicum or some lenitive hath
make it up into a paste but know that if you put a little too much syrup to it you will make its consistence more liquid and so instead of paste make an opiate CHAP. XVII Of Mazapane MAzapane or Marchypane is a confection so named by the more recent which is a most frequent junket for it is most gratefull to the gust and nourishes very much wherefore it is prescribed to the macilent and such persons as are vexed with any preternaturall affection in the breast or Lungs Many bechicall and sweet ingredients go to this confection as sugar pistack-nutts pine-kernells and other sweet fruits which brayed and accurately subacted with simple or rose-water become a masse whereof wafers or morsells Marcipanis quibus constet as Rondelet calls them are concinnated which are gently cocted in an Oven till of red they become yellow and acquire a competent hardnesse The vulgar manner of this confecture with the dulciaryes is most simple as being made onely of Almonds rose-water and sugar But Apothecaries by a Physicians advice adde something to these which hath respect to some one part which tempers some noxious humour and by its nutritive as well as Medicinall faculty preserves as well as resartiates sanity The most usuall and pleasant confection of Mazapane is this ℞ Sweet Almonds decorticated ℥ iij. Pistakes ℥ j. Marcipanis optimus bruise them very well in a morter with a little Rose-water add thereunto the finest sugar lb ss fiat pasta which you may make into what forme you please Marchepane after this manner is usuall also and very accomodate to expell flatuosity ℞ Pistakes ℥ j. blanched Almonds ℥ ij Anifeseedʒ i. Cinamon ℈ i. after they are finely beaten add of the finest loafe sugar four ounces and so make it up into a paste which if by too much water it be too liquid let it fervefy in a bason on a slow fire till it be more crasse then make Marchpane which dry a little in the Oven after bread hath been extracted Those little long masses of bread which are confected of flower and thrice or four times as much sugar with a little Coriander Panis biscoctus and a small portion of eggs subacted together may by some affinity be referred hither which they commonly call Biskakes But I would not put my sickle into another mans harvest therefore I will leave these sweet breads to the confectioners CHAP. XVIII Of Piniolates or Pignolates ANother kind of paste is made almost after the same manner which the Neotericks call Piniolate or Pignolate because it s made of Pine kernells cleansed and immerged in melted sugar and cocted to the consistency of condite sugar But that the Pine kernells may depose all their rancour they should be macerated a whole day or half at least in water and Rose-water should be dropt into the confection for so it will be more gratefull to the gust as also to the smell if a grain of Muske be mixed therewith as we see in many junketts which are set at the head of the table the most usuall forme of confecting pineolates is this ℞ Of the finest sugar dissolved and cocted in Rose water till it be about the consistency of an Electuary lb ss mingle with ℥ ii of Pine kernells infused in water for the space of twelve houres afterward stir them together with a spatula that the whole masse may be subigated in the end add mosch ℈ i. and so make a paste whereof you may make Cylinders which repose and exsiccate on a paper that they may grew harder CHAP. XIX Of Pandalea THere is another kind of solid paste called Pandaleon which is by Rondeletius prescribed to the affections of the breast and lungs for it consists of many things that attenuate and coct viscid humours and move expectoration and all Pandaleas seem to be bechicall nothing differing from pectorall Ecclegmes and syrups save in consistency nor from solid Electuaryes save in externall forme for they are compounded made and cocted after the same manner onely solid Electuaries are harder and are rolled out into quadrate or long figures and Pandaleas are kept whole in a woodden box as conserves in a glasse or earthen vessell and when use calls for them they are cut with a spoon or knife and a piece thereof given to be retained in the mouth like so much Alphenix or bechicall Tablets that it may melt and go down like a lohoch It hath the same consistency and is kept in the like vessells as those same sugared confections or comfitures usuall and frequent in Spain which they call Marmelades They are made commonly of some sweet powder and sugar perfectly concocted in some convenient water that they may concrete Some conserves are sometimes added and a little honey if need require and such a Pandalcon how ever displeasing it may be to some mens palate is very good and is thus confected ℞ Pul Diaireos Salomonis ʒ i. diatrag frigid ℈ ii powder of yellow Sanders ℈ i. sugar dissolved in Coltsfoot-water ℥ iiij fiat Pandaleon which keep in Marmalet Boxes Some also make a Pandalcon of Pine kernells or Almonds decorticated and brayed with sugar or honey thus ℞ Pine kernells well cleansed and bruised ℥ i. Penidees ℥ ss clarified honey as much as will suffice to make it up into a sollid paste or Pandalcon CHAP. XX. Of Hypoglottidian Medicaments commonly called sublingues THe cough and stinch of breadth molest all that are neere us seeing the cough affronts their ears and the stinch their noses now certain bechicall and Aromaticall pastilles will cure both affections which from their round and long forme which Apothecaries put them in and that same quality which is predominant in them whereby they expectorate the humour causing coughing are called bechicall from the manner of their use Hypoglottidian and from the odour which they acquire by Mosche Moschardine Medicaments They are very pleasant which are thus confected ℞ Of the finest sugar ℥ j. ss Penidees ℥ ss orrisʒ ss yellow Sanders Cinamon of each ℈ i. mosch ℈ ss with musiladg of Gum Thragants made in Rose water make them up into a paste of which forme any figure long round or what will lye most conveniently under the tongue The description is both easy and good ℞ Sugar of Roses ℥ ii sugar Candy ℥ i. starchʒ i. spec diacinamon diamisi and orris of each ℈ i. mace ℈ ss Zivet gr vi with the musiladge of Gum Thraganth made in Balme water fiant Hypoglottides CHAP. XXI Of Tables or Tabuletts TAbells pertaine to solid Electuaries yea they are very Electuaryes being confected of powders and sugar perfectly cocted that their consistency may be harder and they longer and more securely preserved without damage and impairement The like quantity of sugar is required in confecting tables Sacchari quantitas in tabellis as of honey in liquid electuaries and in both the quantity is augmented or substracted as the validity or imbecillity of the
the heart of the waters of Bugloss Scabious Cardaus Sorrel Roses of each ℥ iij. spec diamarg. frigid Triasant of eachʒ j. ss Powder of Tormentill Gentian Dictamus and grains of Kermes of eachʒ ss with which besprinkle a linnen cloth and apply it hot to the region of the heart The Antients much commended the use of Scarlet cloth which is not approved of by the more recent because in its tincture it is infected with much Arsenick but I approve of it in poysonous diseases seeing poysons in such a case are often salutiferous CHAP. VII Of Lotion WE understand not by Lotion here a bath of cold water as Oribasius cap. 7. lib. 1. and Paulus cap. 51. lib. 1. do but the ablution of some particular member in some medicinal decoction to take away its filth correct its distemper digest its humour roborate its parts mitigate its dolour and to conciliate sleep This Decoction will by ablution of the head kill Lice ℞ Staves-acre ℥ ij Wormwood Tansy Betony A Lotion to kill lice the lesser Centanry of each m. ij Coloquintide seeds ℥ ss boyl them in a sufficient quantity of water till a third part be consumed and with a sponge wash his head This Lotion will denigrate the hairs of hoary heads which I prescribe to such old women as would not betray their age to their husbands by their whiteness ℞ The bark of Oke and Elm of each ℥ ij Galls ℥ ij the bark of Wallnuts lb. ss the leaves of the Pomegranate tree and Mirtle of each m. ss boyl them in a sufficient quantity of water adde thereunto Alum◠℥ ij Vitriol ℥ j. after the Colature wash the hairs therewith letting it dry in the Sun Yet Galen cap. 1. lib. 1. de comp med loc professes that he never exhibited any thing to such as adorned themselves for their own or others delight for this were all one as to paint a Sepulcher In times past men washed their heads more frequently than now adayes which caused of late this Proverb Wash your head never feet seldome hands often This Lotion made of the decoction of such Simples will mitigate calour and soporate the senses will by ablution of the feet therein conciliate sleep ℞ Lettice m. iij. Betony Water-lillyes of each m. ij Poppy flowers A Lotion to wash the feet to cause rest m. j. boyl them in water and wash the feet therewith CHAP. VIII Of an Embroche or Aspersion BY Embrochation we mean the irrigation of some part affected with some Oil Decoction or Liquor accommodated to the cure of that distemper distilled thereon like rain and hence Embroche from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to rain This Medicament according to Aetius cap. 172. ser 3. tetr 1. is used when bathing is for some circumstances prohibited And as it is the decoction of Poppy and Chamemile it conduces much to such as are infested with night-watches feavers and delirations Archigenes seeing his Master Agathinus to rave because of his long wakes freed him both from his deliry and wakings by irrigating his head with much hot Oil. These irrigations seem to differ from foments onely in this that they are distilled upon the part from on high the foments being onely applyed thereunto by sponges cloaths or in bags Now according to Oribasius Prigatio cap. 23. lib. 9. we use irrigation onely when some inflammation must be resolved or ulcer suppurated Aspersion but aspersion in washing the face and in hot feavers and that in Summer with cold water in Winter with warmer Yet in more simple Feavers as also in the subversion of the stomack we use water mixed with vinegar in aspersion We use aspersions also to cure eyes infested with fluxes by the decoction of Basil which is most efficacious subjecting a dry sponge under the chin lest the water 〈◊〉 down to the breast An Embroche or Irrigation is compounded of Simples cocted i◠Wine Water Lees or Oil as this same for the Lethargy ℞ Embroche capitis Cyperus Calamus Aromaticus Orris Bay tree of each ℥ ss Sage Rosemary Penniroyal Calamint Staechados of each m. ss Squinant Coriander seed Cummin seed of eachʒ ij boyl these in three pints of water till the third part be consumed adde to the Colature Aqua vitae ℥ iij. besprinkle this on the head An Irrigation to conciliate sleep consists of Simples endued with quite contrary qualities and is thus made ℞ Lettice m. ij Water-lillyes white Roses of each m. j. Poppy flowers Betony of each m. ss boyl these and let the Colature be sprinkled on the head To Irrigation we may refer the Stillicide or Laver of medicated waters but it is not now our intention to treat thereof but will proceed CHAP. IX Of a Liniment ALiniment is of a middle consistency betwixt an Unguent and Oil being more liquid than an Unguent Linimenium quid and more crass than Oil for it admits of a very little Wax and Fat in its confection and therefore is not fluid without incalescence at the Fire or Sun Its basis i◠Oil whereunto sometimes is added a little of refinous Fat with Wax yet not so much but it still retains its soft consistency for a Liniment is nothing but a very soft Unguent to the confection whereof any Oil may be assumed so it be accommodated with faculties requisite to the intended scope And therefore almost every Liniment being paregorical and lenitive is confected either of simple Oil or of Oil of Almonds Violets or such like which will not excessively alter any temper as this same to abate the dolour of the side in a Pleurisy ℞ Oil of sweet Almonds ℥ ij ss fresh Butter ℥ j. Litus ad pleuritidem a little Wax to make it up into a Linctus anoint the side therewith Now to mitigate some dolour caused by a frigid humour some Oil must be assumed which is calid in the same degree that it may correct the humours distemper As on the contrary this Liniment made of refrigerating Oils will amend the distemper and asswage the dolour caused by a calid humour ℞ Oil of Water-lillyes ℥ ij ss Oil of Roses ℥ ss Waxʒ iij. Let them be melted for a Liniment ℞ Oil of Violets ℥ ii the musilidge of Marsh-mallow roots or Linsud ℥ i. a little Wax to make it a Liniment and apply it to the part affected This Liniment will mitigate a cold distemper ℞ Oil of Chamomile and Dill of each ℥ i. ss Ducks fat ℥ i. A Litus for a cold distemper Wax ʒ iii. let these be melted together and make a Liniment CHAP. X. Of Mucagines or Musliges BEcause there is often mention made of Mucagines which are either applyed alone or mixed with other Medicaments our Institution leads us now to speak a little thereof Now this Mucilage is efficacious in mollifying humectating and leniating some dolour as that same which is extracted from glutinous roots and seeds sometimes it digests and attracts as
â„¥ ij Oil of Lillyes â„¥ iij. One made of the powder of Linseed cocted in Hydreol to a just consistency will exceedingly mollify and mitigate any dolour This Cataplasm will educe viscid humours open the pores and dissipate flatuosity â„ž Briony root lb. j. Sowbread root â„¥ iij. Mercury m. ij Flatus dissipant boyl them till they become soft in water with a fourth part of white wine bruise them and traject them through a sieve to the pulp adde powder of Bay-berryes â„¥ ss powder of Fennel seeds and Cummin and Chamomile flowers anaÊ’ ij Lupines and Faenugreek ana â„¥ j. Oil of Orris as much as suffices to make a Cataplasm A Cataplasm made of common bread Syncomistum which they call Syncomistum is good for all things if we believe Oribasius For saith he it is convenient almost for all inflammations when it is confected with water and oil of Roses That also is good for many dolours which is confected of leavened bread and oil for it ripens obdurateness heals contusions attracts lurking humours to the skin digests and resolves them There are various forms of Pultises recorded in every Author which here to rehearse would be as endless as useless since these few examples may suffice CHAP. XVI Of Catapasms Empasms and Diapasms ODoriferous Powders compounded of many Aromataes Catapasma quid which for fragrancy and suavities sake are strewed upon cloaths are properly called Catapasms Those Powders also which after litation are applyed to some part of the body as to the stomack for its roboration and those odoriferous Powders which are made for Condiments and other uses as Sarcotical for generation of flesh in ulcers Catheretical for absumption in superfluous flesh Epulotical for the induction of a skar are called Catapasms Paul c. 13. l. 7. But because we have treated of these before we shall not further prosecute that subject neither would we have spoken a word thereupon but for that same paranomasy there is betwixt a Catapasm and a Cataplasm The less affinity falling in the denominations of Empasm and Diapasm leads us to shew their difference each from other as also how they both differ from a Cataplasm Now according to Oribasius cap. 31. lib. 10. Empasma quid those are Empasms which are adhibited to cohibit immoderate heat or other exhalations or to scarify the extremity of the skin or to remove a Pleurisy Those Diapasms Diapasma quid which are accommodated to conciliate suaveolence to the skin or body either by way of Powder Unguent or Liniment Those Cataplasms which are confected after the former description and for the uses we mentioned in the foregoing Chapter Empasins are either used to stay the immoderate fluour of sweat which is not critical but dissolves Natures strength or to help the Mydroptical Sciatical or Orthopnoical Patients Those that stay and cohibit the profusion of sudours consist of Parget dry and levigated Mirtle Pomegranate pils Syrian Sumack Sorb apples dryed and brayed Galls Acacia and such like Astrictives Those that help such as are diseased with the Dropsy such as are infested with the Sciatica and such as cannot breathe unless they hold their neck strait up are confected of Sand burned Wine lees Nitre Salt Sulphur Mustard Water cresses Pepper Pelitory and such like sharp Ingredients whereof Sinapisms also are made which act and produce the same effect with Empasms CHAP. XVII Of Sinapisms and Phaenigms ASinapism is a kinde of Cataplasm for their consistency is alike though their faculties be distinct for Sinapisms consist of one quality and are alwayes calefactory Catalpasms of many and thence they calefy refrigerate mollify relax c. A Sinapism is seldome or never adhibited in acute diseases neither by way of table nor colliquament as Oribasius notes cap. 13. lib. 10. but in Lethargies Apoplexies or the Night-mare and in stupid natures that the dullness of the sense may be excited the faculty awakened the heat acted and the humour discussed The manner of making a Sinapism is thus described by Oribasius and Aetius cap. 181. tetr 1. serm 3. Take dryed Figs q. v. macerate them a whole day in warm water afterwards make a strong Expression and bruise the Figs then take the sharpest and strongest Mustard seed bruise it by it self pouring on a little of the colature of the Figs which will make it beat more easily but take heed too much be not mixed lest it be too thin and liquid then reduce them into small masses of the Figs and Mustard of each equal parts but if you would have the Sinapism stronger take two parts of the Mustard and one of the Figs if weaker two of the Figs and one of the Mustard If the Sinapism be made with Vinegar it is more inefficacious and weak because Vinegar discusses the strength of the Mustard The Sinapism should be put upon a Linnen cloth and so adhibited to the place and should be often looked at to see if it have contracted rubour enough by its admotion for some perceive its effect on them sooner some later so that I cannot certainly define what space of time it must abide on the place But if the Sinapism after long admotion act not nor alter the colour of the skin it must be fomented with hot water with a sponge that the faculty of the Sinapism may be easier intromitted for the Sinapism by extracting the excrements to the skin either ulcerates or at least rubrifies it whence it is called a Phaenigm that is a rubrifying Medicament Phaenigmus After the diseased hath sufficiently used the Sinapism he must be bathed and then have the part affected anointed with oil of Roses CHAP. XVIII Of Dropax and Pication A Dropax is a topical Medicament sometimes hard like a salve Dropax quid sometimes soft like a Malagm as the case requires Now a Dropax is either simple which is made of Pitch and a little Oil onely or compound Differentiae which admits of many calefactories besides Pitch and Oil as Pepper Bartram Bitumen Brimstone Salt and the ashes of Vine branches It is convenient for diuturnal diseases as Aetius cap. 180. tetr 1. Quibus morbis conveniat serm 3. shews and must alwayes be adhibited both before and after a Sinapism before that it may prepare the body for a Sinapism and after that it may exscind the remaining affections A simple one is thus made â„ž Of the best Pitch dissolve it with a little Oil and while it is hot dip in a cloth and clap it to the place affected and before it is cold pluck it off again calefy it before the fire and apply it as before and before it waxes cold pull it off and let this be repeated as often as need requires It helps such as are infested with frequent vomits with collicks Picatio quibus affectibus conveniat and with crudities it helps also such parts as do not grow nor partake of the nutriment The more compound Dropax is
which we call Gold CHAP. 1. Of Gold Gold the King of Metals is of that kinde most perfect and compact which bearing the tincture of the Sun in its countenance exercises solar Dominion over all Mortals for all obey Gold Aurum lex sequitur auro venalia rura Diphil. For nothing is more potent then pure Gold to him men give adoration for him men undergo great labour and whoso wants it may either like a Leper sejoyn himself from consort or like a dead carcase walk amongst men But seeing it is adiaphorous and either good or bad according to the intent of the user if it be ill used it is the worst of evils for it is the ring-leading Captain of Contention the plague of life and the ruine of the Commonweal Hence Raptures hence Manslaughters and hence Battels ensue but if it be well used it is thought to be not onely the Subsidy of life but the guarder of family if introsumed But I do not mean Chymical potable or rather esculent Gold which refects the recipient onely with a lye and vain expectations for grant we that the Alchymists can by their delusive Art extract a flave liquor emulous of melted Gold yet this is so far from curing Leprosie inveterate Dropsies and other deplorable diseases or from retarding old age and conserving youth florid and vegetive as they boast that it is plainly of no noted use in Medicine seeing the nature of Gold is so dissident from our nature that it cannot be to us restorative as Scaliger well observes Exercit. 272. and there being many things more agreeable to our nature they must needs be more conservative of it and what is more absurd then to say that Gold nourishes repairs our substance and yet changes not into our nature for thus he that eats Gold will be a golden Fool like Midas Medicks therefore do not labour to dissolve Gold for that is all one as if they should destroy its native bonity and induce an alien quality either useless or noxious but they do better by working it into thin leaf dust or atomes that it may more easily insinuate into the parts of the body Gold thus prepared doth usefully ingrede Electuarium de Gemmis Galens laetificative powder and roborative Medicaments I was wont successfully to prescribe to rich Wenches of ill colours the filings of Gold in stead of prepared Steel with other fit Medicaments sometimes in form of Pills sometimes of Tabels The Medicinal faculties of Gold are indeed many Vires yet neither so great nor so many as Alchymists predicate it is chiefly commended for exhilarating such as are melanchollical or preternaturally sad CHAP. 2. Of Silver SIlver also is as very Soul and Blood to Mortals for after Gold it is the most noble of Metals which age neither corrupts nor hurts but alwayes remains nitid splendid and sincere easily ducible and liquescible it is made in the bowels of the earth of clean and candid Quicksilver and pure clear firm and white Sulphur equally contempered and so it evades candid and fulgent Furthermore the heat of well-claensed Sulphur dealbates and makes it more subtile and so exsiccates it that it becomes tinalous hard and sonore This alone of Metals seems to emit a translucid splendor for its light in the Myne doth in a manner represent the rudiments of stars in a dark place But when it is more pure and purged seven times in the fire as the Psalmist sings Psal 11. then it is farre more splendent The Alchymists compare it to the Moon whose name they give it but its qualities are not answerable It is judged colder then Gold Vires whose vertues and dignity it in some degree participates of being next to it in perfection and punity By its natural complexion it is temperately cold and moist whence they say it auxiliates the spiritual members it stayes the palpitation of the heart for it roborates it and helps sanguification making the blood more laudable The Alchymists extract an oylout of it which they commend to many diseases in the Brain but dogmatical and true Medicks onely use its powder or leaves in Medicaments and they that do otherwise work deceitfully CHAP. 3. Of Tinne TInne is another kinde of Metal found in the Myne with Silver which Pliny calls White-Lead to distinguish it from Black-Lead which is as it were the purgation of Silver and Tinne left in the Furnace Such as devote Tinne holy to Jupiter say it is generated of pure and clear Quicksilver and crass and immund Sulphur There are many things common betwixt Lead and Tinne for neither of them contract rust but rather some squalour or filth whereunto Lead is more addicted then Tinne neither of them are sonore nor very hard onely Tinne is a little more sonore and hard then Lead Tinne is either simple pure and defaecated or impure and compounded of other Metals so made either by Nature or Art whereof there are many differences according to the nature of the ingredients and proportion of the same whose faculties respond to the mixion of those things whereof it consists Tinne is of much use to man Usus which though it be seldome used in Medicine yet it affords vessels for their repose and preservation The Alchymists make an Oyl out of Tinne for the cure of Wounds and Ulcers but I think such Medicaments as are easilier made cheaper and more efficacious are better CHAP. 4. Of Lead 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Lead is according to Alchymists both dedicated to Saturn and called Saturn and in their opinion it is generated of impure and crass Quicksilver and a little impure Sulphur and it is thought that not onely under the earth but in the open air also it augments and therefore Cardanus thinks it labefactates houses by its weight who make four differences thereof the vulgar white which many call Tinne Bisemutum yet unknown and that which is made of Stibium Pliny acknowledges onely two sorts the vulgar or black and the white who gives a twofold original to the black for saith he it is either generated in its own vein which produces nought else or it is conflated in many veins mixt with Silver The first liquor which flows in furnaces is called White-Lead or Tinne the second Silver and that which remains the Latines call Plumbago out of which Lead is elicited It is extracted also out of a certain Plumbary effoded out of Mynes which stone they call Molybdoides and the Lead thus secerned and melted is poured into water while hot till it leave its dross Morters and Pestels for Medicinal uses are made of Lead as also round Pipes or Canes for deep and internal Ulcers which are as good as golden Pipes There is also a Powder made of Lead for the exsiccation of â—lcers whereof we have elswhere made mention Galen saith Vires that Lead is refrigerative and is either solarly or mixed with other Medicament conducible to malignant cankerous and putrid Ulcers
same things that make up Honey of Squills onely they differ in preparation and proportion For in Honey of Squills the leaves are confusedly insolated with the Honey in a fit vessel and strained when use calls for it But in the Eclegm of Squills onely their succe is cocted with Honey above the consistence of a Syrupe Eclegms of Squills potently incide and prepare for expulsion Vires crass and viscid humours impacted in the spirators They very much help such as breath with difficulty or have much of viscid Phlegm in their Lungs or highest region of the Breast CHAP. 2. Eclegma de Caulibus or Eclegm of Colewort D. Gord. â„ž of the Juyce of Coleworts lb j. boyl it a little and scum it afterwards adde SaffronÊ’ iij. Sugar and Honey of each lb ss boyl them according to Art to the consistence of a Linctus The COMMENTARY The succe of Garden-Cauls must first be educed then depurated by the Sun or fire then Honey or Sugar added to it and they perfectly cocted then must well-pulverated Saffron be mixed therewith or as Gordiâ—nus its Author would have it injected therein 〈◊〉 while cocting because he will have it tend to its spissitude but it is credible he means by his Electuary a Lohoch for the cure of difficulty of breathing But the leaves of red Cauls should be selected when the diseases of the highest part of the Breast are respected or the Belly to be moved Lonoch of cauls cures difficulty of breathing Vires inveterate coughs cocts moves and excludes spittle CHAP. 3. Eclegma de Pulmone Vulpis or Eclegm of Foxes Lungs D. Mes â„ž of Fox Lungs prepared and dryed of the Juyce of Liquorice white Maiden-hair sweet Fennel-seeds Anise-seeds of each equal parts make it into a Lohoch with Syrupe of Red-roses or Myrtles The COMMENTARY Some confect it with simple Hydrosa charum that is water and sugar others with sugar solved and cocted in Saxifrage water and some that would have it more roborative with Rob or inspissated succe of Myrtle as Mesue advises We confect it with syrupe of Roses or Alexanders syrupe for so it is more grateful then those with Rob of Myrtle and Hydrosacharum yea its faculty roborates in a mean betwixt them But if it be kept for a Roborative it may be rightly confected with syrupe of Myrtle but Pharmacopolists do not now preserve it Foxes Lungs should if possible be onely taken by such as are young sound and given to hunting they must be washed in water incided according to the vessels whereto they adhere and wherein they are suspended their blood must be expressed then moderately washed in white-wine imposed in a pot dryed in an Oven pretty hot and kept When use calls for them a portion of them must be levigated very small and mixed with some idoneous liquor as in this Eclegm with the said Syrupe and other pulverated Medicaments Mesue describes this Lonoch of Foxes Lungs to difficult breathers Vires but some would rather bray the Lung and exhibit it mixed with Julep of Roses others upon good grounds prefer the Lungs of other wholesome Animals as Hogs Rams or Calves Lungs for the easure of such as are troubled with difficulty of breathing for the diseased may eat these with more delight and salubrity to the quantity of two or more ounces and so better consult the sanity of his Lungs then if he uses an ounce of this Eclegm wherein there is scarce a scruple of Foxes Lungs Yet this should be kept in Pharmacopolies because it is very bechical and may be successfully used by such as are tabid CHAP. 4. Eclegma sanum expertum or A sound and experienced Lohoch D. Mes â„ž of Raisins stoned Figs Dates of each n. xij Jujubees Sebestens of each xxx Foenugreek-seedÊ’ v. Linseed Anise-seed sweet Fennel-seed dryed Hyssop Calamint the roots of Orris Liquorice Cinamon of each â„¥ ss Maiden-hair m.j. boyl them all in four pintes of water till half be consumed to the Calature adde Penidees lb ij boyl it again to the crassitude of Honey then adde these following powders and pastes Pine-kernelsÊ’ v. blanched Almonds Starch of eachÊ’ iij. Liquorice Gumme-Thraganth Arabick of each â„¥ ij ss Orris â„¥ ss Let all these be exactly mingled and beaten into a Lohoch The COMMENTARY That this Eclegm may be well confected the root of Orris should be cut into short pieces and be first cocted in limpid water by half a quarter of an hour then must the seeds be injected then the fruits and leaves last the Liquorice and Cinamon the powders being levigated a part must be confusedly mixed and conjected into the colature duly cocted with Penidees that of these united and agitated with a Pestel may arise an Eclegm which from its effect is called Sound and Expert for it contains many fruits seeds leaves and some gummes which commonstrate its eximious faculties whereunto they adde Amylum to make it more viscid Now Amylum may be made of many cereals but the best is that that is made of Wheat five times madefied with water till it be soft which done the water is effused without agitation lest something that is useful flow out with it when it is very soft and the water effused it should be calcated with ones feet and so broken then should water be again superfused upon it and it again calcated and the enatant bran received into a sieve and the rest dried in a Basket and forthwith baked in the sun and kept For thus it is grinded without a Mill and thence called Amylum It leniates exasperated parts stays the fluxions of the eyes and rejections of Blood This Eclegm cures the cough Vires and hoarseness contracted by a cold distemper it incides attenuates and deterges much and concocts cold humours CHAP. 5. Eclegma de Pineis or Eclegm of Pine-kernels D. Mes â„ž of Pine-kernels cleansed from their skinsÊ’ xxx sweet Almonds Hazel-Nuts Gumme-Thraganth Arabick Liquorice Juyce of Liquorice white Starch white Maiden-hair Orris-root of each â„¥ ss the Pulp of DatesÊ’ xxxv bitter Almonds Honey of Raisins fresh Butter white Sugar of each â„¥ iiij Honey as much as will suffice to make it up according to Art into an Eclegm The COMMENTARY That this Eclegm may be rightly made the dry roots must first be brayed apart then the Maidens-hair then the fruits then the gummes and Amylum but such as may better be incided as Almonds and Filberts may be cut with a knife When all are well levigated Rob or Honey of Raisins must be added then butter then an idoneous quantity of the whitest and best Honey that the Eclegm may be of a legitimate consistence It cures inveterate coughs Vires difficulty of breathing moves viscid spittle helps the asperity of the voyce helps coction and expectoration of humours and cures such affections of the Lungs and Breast as arise from the plenty or noxious quality of humours Finis Libri Primi The Apothecaries Shop OR ANTIDOTARY THE
together onely Salt Saffron Sugar and Scammony must be prepared apart The weight of the Powders without Salt and Sugar is Ê’ lij and thrice as much despumed honey must be put thereto that the confection may be of a legitimate consistence which benignly subduces the Belly Their opinion must be rejected who think that Diagridium must either be lessened in quantity or quite substracted lest the Medicament become too Cholagogous for there concurring three Phlegmagogous Purgatives this quantity is well defined both to excite the slow faculty of Turbith and to purge some choler with the phlegm It doth not onely draw these humours from the first region of the Body Vires but from the Reins also and remoter parts It absolves obstructions expels all viscid humours and moves phlegm from the articles CHAP. 9. Electuarium seu confectio Hamech Des Fernel â„ž of the barks of Citrian Myrobolans â„¥ ij Chebulans Indian of each â„¥ j. ss of Violets Coloquintida Polypody of each â„¥ j. ss of Wormwood Thyme of each â„¥ ss of the seeds of Anise Fennel Rose-leaves of eachÊ’ iij. after they are well bruised let them be macerated a whole day in lb ij of Whey afterwards boyled to lb j. then make a strong expression and to the Colature adde of the Juyce of Fumatory pulp of Prunes and Raisins stoned of each lb ss of white Sugar and of Honey despumed of each lb j. boyl them to the consistency of Honey then sprinkle in these powders of Agarick and Senny of each â„¥ ij of Rhabarb â„¥ j. ss Epithimus â„¥ j. DiagridiumÊ’ vj. Cinamon â„¥ ss GingerÊ’ ij the seeds of Fumatory and Anise Spikenard of eachÊ’ j. make it into an Electuary The COMMENTARY Fernelius hath well castigated and changed this Electuary preserving its vertue entire and reducing its description into an easier form for as Plantius saith Myrobolambs twice decocted and then brayed and imposed are frustraneous Rhabarbs faculty perishes by coction Cassia Manna and Tamarinds by coction corrupt Diagridium also when cocted is without vertue nor easily commiscible and yet by Mesue's ancient description these were all thus prepared and confusedly mixed without art or order Wherefore we have extracted this description from Fernelius as being much better when made and much casier to make without which no Pharmacopoly should be once found And notwithstanding this same Rhythmical admonition of a certain Versificator Non eris illusus teneas si quod tenet usus When the use is prave it must be changed and that mutation is good which is from good to better Mesue requires to this confection the Whey of Goats-milk but defines not how much yet we may assume the Whey of Asses milk in its stead and if that be wanting of Cows-milk in two pounds whereof the Simples must be macerated and cocted and they will depose their faculties therein The pulps of Raisins and Plums must be dissolved in the colature the Honey Sugar and succe of Fumatory must be all cocted therein above the consistence of a Syrupe the rest must be added as the description shews it is easie enough This confection purges both the Biles and salt phlegm Vires and thence conduces to the Canker Leprosie Raving Melancholy Tetter Itch Scab and such cutaneous affections Barber-Chirurgeons use this to purge all such as are infected with the French disease as though all had one temper and but one humour peccant in all men But such of them as boast more glotiously and are by conference with Medicks something more prudent acknowledge the matter peccant in this disease to be various according to the various natures of the diseased CHAP. 10. Tryphera solutiva â„ž of DiagridiumÊ’ x. of the best Turbith â„¥ j. of the lesser Cardamomes Cloves Cinamon Mace of cachÊ’ iij. yellow Sanders Liquorice and sweet Fennel-seed of each â„¥ ss * * * Winterflag Acorus Squinant of each Ê’ j. the bark of Citron condited Rose-leaves of eachÊ’ iij. of VioletsÊ’ ij of Penidees â„¥ iiij Loaf-sugar lb ss the whitest Honey despumed in the Juyce of Apples lb j. with which make it into an Electuary The COMMENTARY The acception of the word Tryphera seems to be contrarily taken by Mesue whos 's Trypherae as he describes them are not delicate as the word denotes but grateful in colour and sapour and incommendable in faculties I exhibit one indued with all these dowries for its sapour is very grateful its colour pleasant and its faculties eximious and easily tolerable by such as need them We leave out Ginger which was wont to be added to Turbith because we have accumulated many Aromata's to castigate its serity which are more sweet and cordial which also abate of the fury of Diagridium especially Roses Violets and Santals which allay also the heat of the Aromata's Penidia are added for mitigation Sugar for suavity and Honey for conservation Anton. Landaeus an Apothecary of Paris made it after this form faithfully as I have described it and exhibited it by my advice to many sick people who without any insuavity to the mouth subversion to the stomack or torsion to the Belly were thereby successfully purged and securely liberated from their diseases It is most commodious to such who abound with many bilious and pituitous excrements and can take no purgative Medicaments but grateful ones for this confection is not insuave and yet it potently subduces the Belly removes obstructions purges crass and viseid humours helps compounded Fevers and all such diseases as arise from phlegm and bile But it is not so good in the heat of Summer unless it be drunk in some validly-refrigerative decoction or other such liquor CHAP. 11. Diabalzemer seu Electuarium Sennatum â„ž of the roots of Succory Bugloss Polypody of the Oak the bark of the roots of Capers Grass-roots Liquorice Currans of eachÊ’ vj. Maden-hair Mules-fern Ceterach Dodder Mugwort Fumatory Egrimony Betony Balm the flowers of Broom and Violets of each m. ss Boyl them in a sufficient quantity of water till lb iij. of the Colature remains in which infuse and boyl of the leaves of Senny the seeds of Carret and Coriander of eachÊ’ j. ss black Hellebore Turbith of each â„¥ j. ss ClovesÊ’ ij boyl these till a third part of the Liquor be consumed to the Colature adde lb j. ss of the Sugar which again boyl till it comes to above the consistency of a Syrupe to which adde the infusion of â„¥ ss of choyce of Rhabarb in steel-Steel-water strongly expressed forth then adde of the Powders of Senny â„¥ ij of Lapis Lazuli prepared Cinamon of each â„¥ ss Sassafras â„¥ j. Pyony-roots Tamaris Epithimus the middle bark of Ash of eachÊ’ ij Sem. Agni Casti Roman Gith Spikenard of eachÊ’ ij Rosemary Stoechados of eachÊ’ ij Make it into an Electuary The COMMENTARY Each disease hath its praesidy but every Dispensatory suppeditates not a Salve for every sore We shall endeavour now to adde something wherein many have been defective and afford an
Hermodactyls do not onely draw phlegm but bile also from the articles their efferous quality is castigated by condited Quinces flesh Manna Diatragacanthum and Sugar are put to leniate and temper to deterge and move phlegm and Honey to conserve Diacarthamum must be thus prepared The seed of Carthamus must first be decorticated then brayed afterwards Ginger Turbith and Hermodactyls must be pulverated then Diagridium and Candid Sugar and Quinces the Honey Manna and Cidoniatum must be then mixt with the Sugar cocted to the consistence of a Syrupe whilst hot and afterwards the powders that they make a solid Electuary to be discinded into tabels It is of frequent use Vires and is kept ready almost in all Pharmacopolies it purges pituitous humours potently not onely from the ventricle and Mesentery but also from more remote parts if it be assumed in greater quantity it detracts also something of Bile wherefore it helps not onely in quotidian and meerly pituitous Fevers but in complicated also which arise from the mixture of divers humors CHAP. 2. Elect. de succo Rosar or An Electuary of the succe of Roses ℞ of the depurated Juyce of red Roses lb j. Sugar lb j. ss boyl them into a solid Electuary to which add of the three Sanders of each ℥ ss Mastickʒ ij ℈ ij dry Citron-pillʒ j. Camphyr ℈ j. make of these a hard and solid Electuary which roll out upon a board and last into Tallets every one to weighʒ j. ss orʒ ij at least The COMMENTARY I am not he who for ostentation would change the old and promulgate new sentences but to pass my judgement on such things as are spoken or written without reason and here I challenge liberty to Philosophize And now I seeing this Electuary described by Myrepsus discerpted from Salernitanus variously patched and ill concinnated by the more recent I feared not to diminish the too heavy weight augment the too light and change the inept things All which I did with consultation not precipitantly I seeing no reason that the succe of Roses should be of equal weight with the Sugar I diminish the quantity of the succe and augment the Sugar well knowing that a pound of Sugar will sooner and better be cocted to the consistence of a Syrupe or an Electuary in half a pound of Roses succe then in a whole one and its faculties will not be much more imbecile but roborative enough Something also I have detracted from the weight of the Santals and have substituted a little of the Pill of Oranges in its stead partly to conciliate more suavity and partly to arceate putretude and recreate the vitals Some leave out Camphyre because of its strong sent but I approve of it for its halite quality makes the Electuary more grateful and its permeative quality more efficacious I have in stead of Spodium which cannot be had Antispodium which being onely burnt Ivory is not proper substituted Mastick to roborate the Ventricle and castigate Scammony Burnt Ivory is foolishly and ineptly called Spodium and substituted for the fictitious Arabian Spodium for let Apothecaries believe as they will there is but one true Spodium and that is the Graecian Pompholix which should never be introsumed The Arabian Interpreters are also miserably out in rendring Tabaxir Spodium and Spodium Burnt Ivory for Tabaxir is the succe or concreted liquor of certain Trees or very crass and tall Reeds which by the agitation of the wind and their mutual collision sometimes conflagrate from which burning Avicenna mendicated his Spodium or rather Tabaxir which his infidous Interpreter Clusius calls his Spodium But we get not this Tabaxir from India nor the ashes of these burnt Canes from Arabia neither would they be of much use in Medicine if we had them nor yet doth burnt Ivory respond to them as a substitute therefore they must either be quite expunged or some other congruous Medicament placed in their stead In the vulgar description there are ℈ xxxvj of Diagridium for each ounce of the composition But in our emendation there accedes onely half a dragm of Diagridium to each ounce of the compound and yet it is so valid and potent that it may well retain its old name The spur of Purgatives for in a small mole it hath much of efficacy The manner of its preparation is the same with Diacarthamum and that is apparent enough by the description of the form some take onely the distilled succe of Roses wherein they macerate their Tragacanthum and extract a Mucago for the comprehension of the Powders and the concinnation of their solid Electuary But I had rather inspissate the succe in S. Maries Bath to the spissitude of a Rob that so it might better concorporate the Powders If any will use unprepared Scammony for Diagridium he may upon good grounds leave the wonted quantity of Roses succe This Electuary is meerly cholagogous Vires and by educing choler potently cures such affections as proceed from that humour CHAP. 3. Electuarium de Citro solutivum ℞ of the bark of Citron-Pill condited of the Conserve of Violets of the Conserve of Bugloss-flowers Pul Diatrag. frigid of each ℥ ss Turbithʒ v. Ginger ʒ ss Sennyʒ j. sweet Fennel-seedʒ j. white Sugar dissolved in Rose-water and cocted according to Art ℥ x. make it into a solid Electuary If this our restituted description arride not any one so well as that antick one of Stephanus Arnaldus or Guidon Cauliacus he may here take it ℞ of the Conserve of Violets of Borrage of eachʒ ij the roots of Bugloss Citron-Pill condited of eachʒ j. Gingerʒ ss Pul Diatrag. frigid ʒ ij Diagridiumʒ iij. Turbith ℥ ss Sennyʒ v. Sugar ℥ x. Let this Electuary be made into Tablets every one weighing ℥ ss which is the just dose The COMMENTARY This laxative Electuary of Oranges is a Catholical or Universal Cathartick for it draws both the Biles and Phlegm potently and without molestation especially that which we described first wherein every Purgative hath its castigator as Senny Fennel Turbith Ginger Diagridium condite Orange-Pill Conserves and rose-Rose-water wherein the Sugar is cocted All which roborate the heart and faculties and mitigate the said Purgatives The Powder of Diatragacanthum is put in to leniate the Sugar to deterge leniate and conserve VVe have also added four times the quantity of Orange-Pill both because it is its basis and because it recreates the principal parts of the body VVe also thought good to augment the quantity of Diagridium to bear some proportion with the rest otherwise its Purgative faculty being already imbecile would be made more impotent by the increment of the Conserves the Basis then of the Medicament the roboratives purgatives and castigatories being by us rightly described the whole as amended may be of most safe easie and approved use The Sugar should be cocted a little below the consistence of a solid Electuary because of the quantity of powders It is of very much use for it much
Stoechas despumed and cocted to the consumption of its a queous humidity They are made as the precedents These Pills purge partly bilious Vires partly pituitous humours not onely from the head because of Stoechas which is more hepatical then cephalical but also from other parts wherein such humours are contained for they potently educe them from any part CHAP. 11. Pilulae de Hermodactylis majore or The greater Pills of Hermodactyls D. Mes â„ž of Hermodacts Aloes yellow Myrabolans Turbith Coloquintida Bdellium Sagapenum of eachÊ’ vj. Castor Sarcocolla Euphorbium Opoponax the seeds of Rue and Smallage of eachÊ’ iij. SaffronÊ’ j. ss with the Juyce of Coleworts make them into a mass The COMMENTARY These Pills which take their names from Hermodactyls are very usual and onely sufficient for the inveterate dolours of the arteries and more efficacious therein then those we call arthetical Pills yea they are more securely sanative then such as are denominated from Sagapenum Opoponax or Sarcocolly so that we shall not need to describe these For their due preparation Sagapenum and Opoponax must be melted in the succe of Coleworts then transmitted through a linen cloth and then a little cocted then must the Powders of other simples be mixed in the succe cocted with Honey and all brayed subacted and handled by hands anointed with oyl together till they acquire a due consistence They may also be rightly subacted with the Eclegm of Cauls Pills of Hermodactyls potently evel crass and serous humours from all extream parts Vires but especially from the articles and conduce to the cold diseases of the head nerves and junctures CHAP. 12. Pilulae Agregativae seu Polychrestae Agregative or Pills of much use D. Mes â„ž of Aloes Turbith of eachÊ’ vj. of DiagridiumÊ’ v. of Rhabarb and yellow Myrabolans of eachÊ’ iiij of the whitest Agarick Troch Alhandal Polypody Chebulan and Indian Myrabolans of eachÊ’ ij Mastick Rose-leaves Dodder of Thyme Anise-seed Ginger Sal Gem of eachÊ’Ê’ j. Juyce of Egrimony and Wormwood of eachÊ’ ij with the Syrupe of the Juyce of Damask-Roses make it up into a mass to keep The COMMENTARY We hold to the ancient description of Mesue and change onely the order of the Simples and substitute the Syrupe of Roses for the subaction of the composition in stead of the Electuary of Roses Mesue gives three descriptions of Pills of this name the first whereof is most usual and prepared almost in all Shops the other two both greater and lesser agregatives are omitted They are called agregative Pills because of the agregation of many faculties as also Polychrestae and Catholical because they are of much use and expurge all humours The manner of their mixtion is manifest the roots must be first brayed then the fruits and afterwards the seeds onely Rhabarb and Agarick must be prepared apart the Trochisks whereof are better then the simple The succe of Egrimony and Wormwood dryed and brayed must be added thereunto then all being duly pulverated must be subacted into a mass with the Syrupe of pale Roses which must be involved in leather madefied with Oyl of Almonds And it is not unreasonable that the Powders should be received in the Syrupe of pale Roses partly because it accedes nearest the minde of the Author for nothing is liker Roses then Roses and partly because that Electuary of Roses which Mesue mentions is not now made in shops seeing its composition is inept and of no use Agregative Pills are not onely conducible to many affections of the head but also of the Ventricle and Liver Vires for from these parts they detract and purge pituity Bile and Melancholical succe and therefore help in complex and inveterate Fevers and complicated diseases He may be without the Pills of eight things and five kindes of Myrabolambs that hath agregative ones CHAP. 13. Pilulae de Fumaria or Pills of Fumatory D. Avic â„ž of Citrian Chebulan and Indian Myrabolans Scammony preparedÊ’ v. AloesÊ’ vij and with the Juyce of Fumatory make it into a mass which when dryed let it be again beaten up with the same Juyce and the third time with the Syrupe of Fumatory The COMMENTARY These Pills are denominated from Fumatory in whose succe their Powders must be twice or thrice imbuted and then dryed as oft according to their Authors prescript and at length received not into the same succe as many ignorantly conjecture but into honey wherein this succe hath been by longer coction dissipated or rather into the Syrupe of Fumatory which is better and more agreeable to the Authors minde For unless the mass be subacted in the one of these or such a like liquor the powders will soon arefie The manner of their preparation is easie and apparent enough by the description Pills of Fumatory purge bilious and sharp humours Vires salt phlegm and other adust and melancholical humours from which many vices of the skin as Scab Itch Tetters and the like arise CHAP. 14. Pilulae de Lapide Lazuli or Pills of the Azure-stone D. Mes â„ž of Lapis Lazuli preparedÊ’ vj. Polypody Dodder of Thyme Agarick of each â„¥ j. black Hellebore Scammony Sal Gem. of eachÊ’ ij ss Cloves Anise-seeds of each â„¥ ss Hierae Picrae â„¥ xv and with Syrupo Regis Saboris make it into a mass The COMMENTARY That every humour might have its peculiar Cathartick we have exhibited these Pills described by Mesue to educe the melancholical humour They are denominated from the Azure-stone which is their Basis which participating of some alien and vomitory quality needs some antecedent preparation but it must not be burned as in the confection of Alkermes lest its purgative faculty perish but pulverated very small and ten or twelve times washed first in common water then in the water of Bugloss or the like after each lotion it must be dryed and these courses iterated till it depose its vomitory quality and retain onely its dejective and roborative It s manner of preparation is all one with the former we substitute gemmeous in stead of Indian salt which we want and King Sabors Syrupe in stead of the water of Endive for hereby the powders will be more commodiously subacted and the mass hence concinnated more safely kept of a better consistence more excellent faculties and more apt to educe Melancholical humours These Pills help the Leprosie Canker quartane Fever Vires and all diseases that arise from Melancholical humours or adust Bile their faculties are the same but better then the Pills of Indies have which such may want as keep these CHAP. 15. Pilulae Asajeret D. Avic â„ž of Mastick yellow Myrabolans of each â„¥ ss Hierae Picrae â„¥ j. of the best Aloes â„¥ ij and with Syrupe of Stoechados make it into a mass The COMMENTARY These Pills are also desumed from Avicenna who calls them sometimes Asahajaret sometimes Sejar and prescribes them partly to the head partly to the ventricle but they draw little from
matter And because Pills sine quibus are of efficacy enough for the affections of the eyes we have omitted the ancient description of the Imperials of the five kinds of Myrobalambs of the eight Ingredients and the Arabians Pills because the agregative are better and usefull for all such things as the aforesaid are prescribed for We have neglected the Indian Pills and them of the stone Armentum because them of the Azure-stone are affine to them and more efficacious We weigh not the Pills of Rhabarb because ignave but give them of Egrimony as more efficacious with whom they have affinity Pills of Hermodactyls exclude the arthretical Pills and the foetid Pills exclude those that are denominated from Sagapene Euphorbium and Sarcocolla Pills of Mechoacan make them void which consists of Esula and Mezereon Benedict Pills and Hiera may be made at any time seeing powders are or should be alwayes in readiness in shops whereof either Electuaries or Pills may be confected at pleasure Pills of Bdellium are quite neglected because they are scarce purgative in stead other better and more roborative Medicaments easier to be made may be confected for present use I pretermit many more as unworthy to be named or used for many men describe many Medicaments not so much that they consult others sanity as the augmenting of their Dispensatories grand bulk Cathartical Powders being ingrateful are usually coagmented into liquid or solid Electuaries or else Pills yet Empiricks give the powder of Stibium onely in a little Wine or other liquor as also the powder of Mercury wherewith a veneficous Circulator at Lutetia promised the cure of all diseases openly professing himself a Prophet but the wretch went about many Cities to see whom he might devour he is not worthy to be named At last he ran away All prepare not Quicksilver or Mercury alike for some include it with Aqua fortis in a Matracy and exhale the water by sublimation calling that which remains in the bottom Powder of Mercury It is of a yellowish red colour and rather caustical then cathartical Others prepare it otherwise but better thus They immerge Quicksilver in Aqua fortis whereinto they inject Brine then they let the Quicksilver reside and the water is ejected by inclination and the crassament that remains which is whitish is called Powder of Mercury But in what proportion it should be mixed how it may be perfectly dealbated and with what vertue it is indued I need not recenseate lest Empiricks and Pseudopharmacopoeans abuse it but if it be made as P. Pijardus a learned Parisian Medick taught its vertues are eximious and efficacious in curing some Diseases which will not yield to vulgar Medicaments An APPENDIX Of some Pills not Solutive EAch Medicament is by singular dexterity and ingenuity effinged into a form proper for the diseased Thus some Purgatives are liquid others solid and others in a mean some Medicaments onely purge others onely roborate and others alter and some perform all but Pills are for the most part purgative for all of them except a few subduce the Belly and are exhibited especially when supervacaneous succes are to be educed from remote parts for in such a form and consistence they abide longer in the ventricle and their vertue is more easily carried to the parts diseased and oppressed with excrementitious humours When therefore we would have a Medicament stay longer in the ventricle we give it in a solid form and such are not onely the prescribed purgative Pills but the Hypnotical and Arterial ones that follow CHAP. 22. Pilulae de Cynoglosso or Pills of Dogs-tongue â„ž of MyrrheÊ’ vj. OlibanumÊ’ v. the root of Hounds-tongue Henbane-seed Opium of eachÊ’ iij. Saffron Castoreum of eachÊ’ j. ss and with Syrupe of Stoechados make it up into a mass which let be conveniently reposed for use The COMMENTARY The Neotericks have retained the old description but not the name of these Pills for Mesue their Author calls them from their effect Pills for all diseases but these call them Pills of Cynogloss which is neither for quantity nor quality prepollent therein perhaps they mistake Cynogloss for Arnogloss which might more properly give them denomination for seeing Mesue described them for astriction Arnogloss being of an astrictive quality was more convenient but we with Fernelius admit of the new name and adde Castorium for the castigation of Opium But we think that Rhodostagm or rose-Rose-water is altogether inconvenient for the receipt of the powders if we would have the mass of a legitimate consistence or fit to be kept and we substitute in its stead Syrupe of Stcechados by whose quality the head will be roborated and armed against the nocuments of Opium and by its lentour the powders will be coacted into a more idoneous mass as for its confection the root of Cynogloss must first be brayed with the seed of Henbane and then the other simples apart the brayed Opium must be first subacted by the Syrupe then the other powders must be mixed and coacted into a mass They conciliate sleep stay Catarrhs distillations of the head Vires the Cough and such succedent affections for they cohibit all distillations whether upon the Breast and Lungs or Teeth or elswhere CHAP. 23. Of Laudanum NOt many years ago there arose a company of Pseudo-Medicks who in stead of the usual Pills of Cynogloss exhibited a certain confection which they called Laudanum whereby they promised not onely to conciliate sleep but abigate all diseases I then saw a Circulator who boasted by his Laudanum to revoke men almost exanimated or half dead and man the Encomium of this Medicine so won upon men that no Empirick so stupid no Medicaster so dull nor Tonsor so plebeious but he was a Laudanister or else not worth flaming I wooed some with prayers some with price to tell me this Medicament but found amongst twenty of its descriptions not one like another yea he that was most ignorant would profess he had the best But I heard some Mountebanks exhibit Pills of Cynogloss for Laudanum extorting for each Pill the weight of half a scruple in gold And thus were the credulous Plebeians drawn with new names and unusual words circumvented by the subtilty of these rafrous Juglers The descriptions of Laudanum given by more perite Alchymists are seldome and hardly made for they consist of the best of Gems Hyacinths and Corals of the essence of Saffron and Opium of the Oyls of Cinamon Cloves Liquor of Margarites Powder of Unicorns-horn of the Bezar-stone Amber-grise and other precious stones and doubtless a confection of these materials must needs be eximious and I approve of the learned rich Alchymists acts who make keep and exhibit this to the diseased but alas the improbous do so impose upon us that we can scarce give the honest and good I saw a certain Laudanum exhibited by a learned Princely Medick which wrought happy effects This sequel one is eximious and easie to be made â„ž of
they boyl it before they sell it out lest it should be sown and germinate elswhere as we have shewed Chap. 14. Sect. 3. Book 4. of our Medicinal Materials Dianison cures the cold distemper of the ventricle Vires caused by crude phlegm or flatulency it cures diuturnal coughs proceeding from cold humours and frees the bowels from obstructions CHAP. 11. Diacinnamomum or The compound Powder of Cinamon D. Mes ℞ of small Cinamonʒ xv Cassia-wood the root of Enula-campane of eachʒ iiij Galangalʒ vij Cloves Long-pepper both the Cardamomes Ginger Mace Nutmegs Aloes-wood of eachʒ iij. Saffronʒ j. Sugarʒ v. Mosch ℈ ij make of these a Powder according to Art The COMMENTARY Of the Aromata's which this Powder admits Cinamon is most prepollent which is of two sorts the one more tenuious and fragrant which the Arabians call Darcheni the other more crass and less odorate which we call vulgar or ligneous Cinamon We have depinged both their Histories in Chap. 9. Sect. 3. and Book 1. of our Medicinal Matter The Neotericks for more suavities sake prepare Diacinnamomum with Musk. Its preparation is no more but pulveration and the confused union of the Powders Diacinnamomum consisting wholly of hot and aromatical ingredients Vires doth miraculously resartiate strength exhilarate the spirits and cure all affections proceeding from cold causes CHAP. 12. Lithontripticon or A Powder to break the Stone ℞ of the blood of a Buck-goat prepared ℥ j. the blood of a Hare burnt ℥ ss the roots of Sea-holly Sowbread Madder Cyprus Orris the Florentine the seeds of Gromwel and Saxafrage Winter-cherries of eachʒ ij Lapis Spongiae Egge-shells burnt the inward tunicle of the ventricle of a Hen Juniper-berries Cardamomes Cinamon Mace of each ʒ j. ss the seeds of Smallage Petroseline Bishopweed Asparagrass Caraway Carret Hartwort Coriander Citron Mallows Melon Pepon and Pimpinel of eachʒ j. the Gumme of the Cherry-treeʒ ij let them be all beaten and made into a fine Powder The COMMENTARY We have rejected the old description of this Powder which vulgar Apothecaries call Lithontribon because it receives many astrictives and some things that hinder its efficacy in breaking the stone and extracting the sand of the Reins and others that are too rare and precious or can never be had sincere in whose stead we give another Lithontripticon most aptly composed to break the stone expel sand and cure other affections of the Reins and Bladder But before Goats-blood ingrede its composition it should be thus prepared First a Goat of four years old or thereabouts should be selected and jugulated the blood which comes out in the middle must be put in an earthen pot for that which flows out first is too tenuious the last too crass then the pot must be covered with a rare linen cloth and exposed to the Sun that the blood may coagulate the watry must be rejected and the more crass concreted blood dryed brayed and kept in a glass vessel they are too superstitious who will not kill the Goat till the Sun be entring into Cancer and he have been nourished a long time with Saxifrage Pimpinella Smallage and the like nor collect any save the arterial blood for though this preparation be not useless yet it is not necessary nay there can scarce be such plenty of those plants they require got as will nourish a Goat a long time and besides his blood whose pabulum is not changed is as efficacious for breaking the stone The Hares-blood newly extracted must be so assated that it turn not to ashes but may be pulverated There is nothing besides in this preparation either difficult or operous This Powder taken in a little white-wine Vires or water of Pellitory of the wall or such convenient liquor will expel stones and sand from the Reins Bladder and Ureters and potently move Urine CHAP. 13. Pulvis Diacalaminthes or The compound Powder of Mint D. N. Myr. ℞ Mountain-Calamint Peny-royal black Pepper the seeds of Massilian * * * Seseleos Hartwort and Parsley of each ʒ iij. andʒ ij the seeds of Sermountain Ameos Bishopweed Dill tops of Thyme Cinamon Ginger of each ℈ ij Smallage-seed ℈ j. make of these a fine Powder and keep it in a glass with a narrow orifice The COMMENTARY There are various descriptions given of this Powder but all practical Medicks take and approve of this of Myrepsus as best Galen exhibits the like but he makes it too hot and sharp by too much Ginger and Pepper we have put Dill for Anise yet with this reserve That any one may without difference or damage to the compound substitute which he pleases This is prepared as the precedents Diacalamin the extenuates crass and viscid humours Vires discusses flatulency moves urine and fluors cures the cough from cold humours helps the distribution of the aliment to the Liver roborates the ventricle augments appetite it may be given in form of a soft Electuary if it be mixed with Honey a solid one if with Sugar CHAP. 14. Pulvis contra Pestem seu Bezoardicus or A Powder against the Plague or Bezoar-Powder ℞ of the roots of Tormentil Angelico Enula-campane Gentian Pyony Aloes-wood yellow Sanders Harts-horn Ivory the bone in the heart of a Hart Juniper-berries Cardamomes the seeds of Sorrel and Carduus Cloves Mace Cinamon of eachʒ j. ss the rinds of Citron and Orange Diptamus Scordeum Squinant the aromatick Reed Rose-leaves Saffron of eachʒ j. Bole-armeniack washed in rose-Rose-water and Lemnian-Earth of eachʒ ij Camphyr gr viij Amber-grise Leaf-gold of each ℈ j. make of these a very fine and small Powder and repose it in a glass which sign Pulvis Bezoardicus The COMMENTARY Medicaments which oppugn the Plague expugn Poysons evert their harm and defend life are by the Greeks called Antidota by the Arabians Bezaardica of which sort there are some simples as the Bezar-stone Zerumbet and Precious-stones some compounds as Cordials and Theriacals which consist of many things that roborate the heart spirits and vital parts extinguishing poysons and venenate qualities therefore they are said to be in a mean participating both of our nature and poysonous qualities as Mithridate whose frequent use is not safe where there is no suspicion of a venenate quality for if it finde no object on which it may act it leaves the vestigia of its inimick quality impressed on the parts accending the humours and preying upon the native calour But such compound Medicaments as consist onely of cordial and roborative ingredients and by some special faculty oppugning poyson are at all seasons convenient for all temperatures and diseases as this Powder we have described whose faculties are eximious in expugning malign affections and defending the noble parts And it is given in water or some cordial decoction or idoneous conserve or else it is excepted in the Syrupe of Kermes or Lemmons or concinnated into the form of an Opiate it may also with Honey despumed in some cordial
water be coagmentated into the form of a liquid Electuary and kept in shops like other confections Its faculties will be more eximious if Precious-stones Unicorns-horn and Bezar-stone be added to it The Powder is easie to be made and the ingredients may be had It is miraculously efficacious in expugning venenate contagious Vires and pestilent diseases and in recreating and defending the principal parts CHAP. 15. Pulvis Antilyssos seu contra Rabiem or A Powder against the biting of a mad Dog D. J. Pal. â„ž of the leaves of Rue Vervine Sage Plantain Polypody common Wormwood Mint Mugwort Balm Betony S. Johns-wort the lesser Centaury of each m.j. let them be dryed and at last reducated into a fine Powder The COMMENTARY This alexiterial Powder I desumed from the famous Jul. Palmarius who wrote seven Books of contagious Diseases the eximious faculties and admirable effects of this Medicament not onely he but Dominus de Pyrou hath frequently and successfully experienced upon many from whom he confesses he had its first description for as many as were bitten with mad Dogs and used this were presently freed from imminent and incipient Hydrophoby if no part of the head above the teeth or cold member were abluted for then there were small hopes of remedy We call this Powder ANtilyssum because in arceating madness it is inferiour to none it cures wounds inflicted by mad Dogs and impedes that terrible symptome whereby those wretches are fearful of water The preparation of this famous Antidote is easie wherein these three things are chiefly observable First that the Simples be then collected when they are most vertuous to wit in the beginning or end of the Spring That they be not dryed either by the scorching Sun or in a moist place That when they are dry they be kept with this reserve that they be renovated annually There is no need that any great quantity of this eximious Powder be kept in Pharmacopolies for it is enough if half a pound thereof be reconded in a fit vessel for present use But its materials or simples should be kept in abundance artificially dryed inclosed in chartaceous bags and securely reposed that Flyes may not consparcate them nor Mice erode them and when exigence calls for them an equal weight of each should be pulverated and a whole or half dragm thereof given in the morning before meat in a spoon with twice as much Sugar or else in pottage or other convenient liquor as Wine Sider or else in Honey like an Opiate And although one or two dragms be a dosis sufficient for a very robust man yet three or four may sometimes be exhibited by such especially who have been bitten long before or are already begun to fear water This Powder is indeed very eximious but it would be more efficacious if the Powder of Pimpinel and burnt River-Crabfishes were mixed with it Its name Alyssum shews that it is justly preferred before all other of that sort for Galen and Dioscorides call it so because it cures madness and extinguishes its poyson But this plant is rare and known onely to few it is in aspect like Horehound but each genicle emits onely two crisped hoary and almost inodorate leaves spinous cups do verticularly circumvest its Caulicles I have often seen it in the Colledge-Garden in Paris There is another kinde in Germany called Echioides like Tizil in form but it is inferiour to that of Galens yet he that wants the one may substitute the other CHAP. 16. Crocus Martis or Mars his Saffron THis Medicament is so denominated partly from its matter as it is the filings of Steel or Iron dedicated to Mars and partly from its colour which resembles Saffron Its preparation is multifarious for every one prepares it after his own Model in which every one dissents from another whence some have neglected or disapproved of its preparation as useless and Rivierius exhibits the bare limature of Iron for true Saffron of Mars without ustion or ablution professing it to be safer and more efficacious in curing the foetid colours of Virgins but he that will follow the method of so rash a Periclitator shall be more formidable then the very diseases I finde two preparations of this Saffron more usual then the rest the first is vulgar and well known to Pharmacopolists who burn the filings of Steel twice or more in a crucible and wash it as oft partly in Vinegar partly in rose-Rose-water or other fit liquor then dry it and make a subruse ponderous Powder which they call prepared Steel The second is used by the Chymists who make this ponderous Powder volarile whose preparation they thus effect sometimes they assume the limature of Steel sometimes of Iron or of both for the qualities are similar they burn it a day or two in their fire then they inject it into water and assume and keep what swims above and abjecting the water take what is in the bottom and inject it again into the reverberatory fire where they burn it as before and again dimit it into water what swims above they again take and keep what sinks to the bottom they again burn till it subside not but remain upon the superficies of the water which they collect dry and keep for special Chymical Martical Saffron Some make it thus They put the limature of Iron on a dish in a very hot fire and permit it to be red hot when it is cold they bray it laboriously in an Iron-Morter then wash it that the more sublime part may be separated with the water the crasser is again burned and brayed as before which they iterate seven or more times till all the limature become croceous Some wash the limature of Iron in Brine before they calcinate it and afterwards in Vinegar some macerate it in Urine others put Salt to it and others Tartar some burn it with Sulphur others turn it into Rubigo but as these preparations are too curious so are they needless and it is better to hold to one good way then hover doubtful amongst so many But the dust of Iron must be filed very small for this purpose that it may be better calcinated by the fire then it must be brayed afterwards demerged and much agitated in water and the supernatant part collected dryed with moderate heat and kept without further calcination the crasser part must be again immitted into the fire till the whole become volatile and then it is true Martial Saffron Alchymists make it also of other Metals for they have Saffron of Tinne Saffron of Venus but by how much they seem more perite Artificers by so much they are more imperite Medicks They say that Mars his Saffron roborates the liver and spleen Vires takes away the obstructions of the bowels and therefore cures the foetid colour of Virgins Of this and other Cordial Powders prudent Medicks make a Confection in form of a soft Electuary or Tabels called Diastomoma most efficacious in removing obstructions
Almonds then too crass without it And as it is against the Rules of Art that all the quantity of Oyl which Mesue prescribes should be taken sois it contrary to right Reason that all should be refused Some to acquire a greater redness and more elegant colour whereof Aromataries are most studious mix Alcanet-root with the coction but it were much better to mutuate that colour from Roses then other irrequisite simples Mesue would have Opium diluted in Rose-water accede its confection that it might withall conciliate sleep to the interruptly vigilant whereunto I willingly assent and wish that Apothecaries would confect if not all yet part of this Unguent with Opium It extinguishes immoderate heat inflammations pimples and S. Anthonies fires it allayes the dolours of the head from a hot cause it mitigates the ardour of the Ventricle Reins and Liver that which admits Opium effects all these more validly and besides conciliating of sleep cures Phrensie and refects strength Unguents of Violets Water-Lillies and other flowers of all qualities may be confected after the same manner CHAP. 2. Unguentum Album Rhasis or Rhasis his white Unguent â„ž Oyl of Roses â„¥ ix Ceruse washed in Rose-water â„¥ iij. white Wax â„¥ ij make it into an Unguent The COMMENTARY This Unguent consists of few things and is described alike by few Authors VVe conjecture that the variety of its descriptions arises from this That Rhasis its author gave not the dosis of the simples definitely and therefore every one augments diminishes and changes them at his own will Some rather desiring the grace of odour then vertue adject Camphyr others the succe of Tragacanthum some Lithargie others the whites of Egges so that its description is nowhere certain but at Paris where all the Apothecaries make it after this who so rub the Ceruse on the setaceous sieve that it will go thorow then they wash it often in common water afterwards in rose-Rose-water then they dry it and after siccation rub it to powder which they mix with wax melted in the Oyl of Roses and by agitation with a Spatle reduce it into an Unguent of a white colour and legitimate consistence which is indued with much vertue for it cures the Itch Scab Adustion Galling Vires Ulcers the eruption of Pimples Tetters the hot distemper of Ulcers and many other cutaneous vices CHAP. 3. Unguentum Populeon or The Unguent of Poplar D.N.Myr. â„ž of the buds of the black Poplar-tree lb j. ss of the leaves of black Poppy Mandrake the tender tops of Bramble Henbane Nightshade Lettice small Stonecrop the greater and lesser House-leek Violet-leaves * * * Cotyledon Kidney-wort of each â„¥ iij. fresh Hogs-suet lb iij. make it into an Unguent according to Art The COMMENTARY Salernitanus borrowed this description of Myrepsus and Praepositus of Salernitanus but neither of them gave due honour to its Author both covering his Name Now it is called the Populean Unguent from its Basis the tender eyes or buds of the black Poplar which erupt out of its summities in the beginning of the Spring and are collected in March before they be perfectly explicated whereunto many Refrigeratory and Hypnotical Medicaments are adjoyned as the leaves of Mandrake Poppy Henbane Lettice and Nightshade and of both the House-leeks and Stone-crop but that Vermicular should be selected which bears white flowers and affects not the tongue with any acrimony The leaves also of Kidney-wort which perite Herbalists call sometimes Cymbal sometimes Coral and sometimes Venus her Navel must be added hereunto and it is thus made The fresh buds of the Poplar must be contunded and mixed with the grease purged from its membranes and put into a figuline vessel well operculated and reposed in moderate heat till May or June or till the other expetible Plants may be had which must then be collected purged brayed in a Morter and concorporated with the former fermentated mixture which must then again be reposed in a warmer place for a week or longer then put in a Caldron with one pound of Wine or Vinegar which many think more convenient but wine in so small a quantity will not harm the Refrigeratives whereas some would adde Burre-dock which is hotter some take Nightshades succe to it that the colour may be greener It conciliates sleep Vires helps such as labour under hot Fevers or Head-aches from hot causes if their foreheads and temples their feetplants or hands-palms be anointed therewith CHAP. 4. Ungaentum Natritum seu crudum or The crude or Triapharmacal Unguent of Lithargie D. Mes â„ž of Oyl of Roses lb j. Litharge finely beaten lb ss Vinegar â„¥ iiij beat these together in a Morter till they acquire the consistency of an Unguent The COMMENTARY This is one of those Unguents which are depraved by each Artist because of the indefinite dosis of the simples whereof it consists for Mesue prescribes onely to this preparation That sometimes Oyl sometimes Vinegar and Lithargie accede which should be well laboured in a Morter yea many to this day neither limit the quantity of Oyl nor of Vinegar butonely describe as much as will suffice others take equal parts of both and as much Lithargie others and that better take one pound of Oyl half a pound of Lithargie and three ounces of Vinegar We have given a due proportion of each yet if the Myropolist in its agitation finde one thing too little or too much he may at his judgement change it Now this Unguent should be continually agitated with a Pestel till it acquire a fit spissitude Much of Oyl or Vinegar must not at first be affunded on the Lithargie lest it be submerged and never be able to attain an Unguentary consistence Some agitate it in a plumbeous Morter with a plumbeous Pestel that it may be more desiccative but this obscurer tincture many like not in Unguents others wash Lithargic in Rose-water some adde the succe of Nightshade with Ceruse but it is best to prepare it after the form given which the Parisian-Apothecaries follow yet all need not at all times to take Oyl of Roses but without errour sometimes common Oyl It is called the crude Unguent because it is made without fire the nutritum because with much nutrition it acquires an Unguentary form sometimes the Triapharmacal from the union of the three simples whereof it consists of which duly cocted may be made a salve that should be kept in all shops as most usual It represses desiccates generates flesh in hollow Ulcers Vires and heals them CHAP. 5. Unguentum de Bolo or The Unguent of Bole. â„ž Bole-armeniack lb ss of the Juyces of Nightshade and Plantain of each â„¥ iij. Vinegar â„¥ ij Oyl of Roses lb j. Mingle them and stir them together in a Morter till they come to the consistency of an Unguent The COMMENTARY Guido Cauliacus gives the same or like description which they say he discerped from the ninth Book of Galens simples but I evolving
many kindes of Medicaments are profitable but the forms of all are not idoneous for the eyes will not tolerate any save Collyries and Unguents for Cataplasms Salves and the like may sometimes profit when applied to the Eye-lids but immitted into the Eye they would blinde it This Ophthalmical Unguent so called from its effect arceates the fluxions of humours temperates their heat mitigates their acrimony stayes and dryes away tears allayes dolour takes away redness and roborates the Eye if after its universal remedies purgation and phlebotomy it be adhibited to the Angles of the Eyes and Eye-lids CHAP. 11. Unguentum de Minio or The Unguent of Red-Lead or the red Camphyrated Unguent â„ž of sifted Red-Lead â„¥ iij. Lithargie â„¥ ij Ceruse â„¥ j. ss TuttyÊ’ iij. CamphyrÊ’ ij Oyl of Roses lb j. ss make it into an Unguent according to Art The COMMENTARY There are two descriptions of this Unguent one more simple which is made without the other more composititious which is made with Camphyr It is called the red Unguent from its colour and its Basis Red-Lead it conduces to ill and inveterate Ulcers which scarce admit of integral curation and perduces them to scars Of hot Unguents CHAP. 12. Unguentum Resumptivum or The Resumptive Unguent D. Praep â„ž yellow Wax lb ss Hogs-suet quart j. Goose Duck and Capons-grease Oyl of Almonds Dill and Chamomile of each â„¥ ij the musilidge of Marshmallow-roots and Linseed of each â„¥ j. ss the * * * Oesypum Grease that proceeds from the necks of sheep â„¥ ss make it into an Unguent The COMMENTARY Rondeletius finding this Unguent in Praepositus his Antidotary in many things reprehensible some things he detracted others he substituted others he disallowed of as inaccommodate to that purpose and the whole Composition he much changed for in stead of white wax he puts flave in stead of Oyl of Violets the Oyl of Almonds but he expunges the succe of Tragacanthum Gum-Arabick and Quinces-grains as inconvenient by their astrictive vertue to digest humours But if in resolving the principles of Diseases some Roboratives be requisite when use calls for this Unguent a little Oyl of Quinces or Omphacium or the like as occasion requires may soon be mixed therewith Now that it may be more digestive the succe of Foenugreek is added thereto though in small quantity because its odour is insuave If the Marrow of Calves-bones be adjected it will be more emollitive and laxative according to Fernelius That it may be duly made the wax first cut into pieces must be melted with the Oyl then the Butter and Greases when all are melted Oesypus must be added to them and all agitated with a rudicle then they may be taken from the fire and the succes extracted first in common or as some say is better in Rose-water must be mixed with them and all moved with a stick till they acquire a due spissitude This Unguent leniates the dolours of the Breast cocts the humours that cause coughing moves spittle helps the pleurisie resolves the useless and noxious humours that adhere to the Muscles of the Breast and relaxates leniates and mollifies the parts CHAP. 13. Unguentum de Althea or The Oyntment of Marshmallows D. Myreps â„ž of Marshmallow-roots Linseed and Foenugreek of each lb ss Squills â„¥ iij. let them be washed and macerated for three dayes in lb v. of water then boyl them till they grow thick to a pound of this musilidge adde lb ij of Oyl boyl them till the musilidge be dissipated then adde Wax lb ss clarified Rosine common Rosine of each â„¥ iij. Turpentine Gum-Thraganth Gum of Ivy of eachÊ’ j. Let all these be melted in a Kettle stirred and so removed from the fire till it grows cold and becomes into the consistence of an Unguent The COMMENTARY Fernelius gives a far more simple description of this Unguent omitting Squills Scammony Galbanum and Ivy Gum because they make the Unguent too sordid and lest these should impair its digestive faculty by their absence he addes some simples to make it efficacious Yet I think these so necessarily requisite that he that expunges them expunges much of the odour and vertue of the Medicament If Ivy Gum cannot be had its succe may be substituted The quantity of water which was three pounds being too little to elicite and coct the succes in is augmented to five pounds The rest are easie the manner of its confection and the description plain It calefies Vires mollifies mitigates humectates and digests thence it removes the cold distemper and cures the hardness of the nerves it emends too much siccity and cures the Pleurisie and other affections arising from crude humours adhering to the Muscles CHAP. 14. Tetrapharmacum or The lesser Basilicon D. Mes â„ž yellow Wax Rosine black Pitch of each â„¥ ij ss sweet Oyl lb j. make it into an Unguent according to Art Basilicum majus or The greater Basilicon â„ž Wax clarified Rosine Heifers-suet Ship-Pitch Frankincense Myrrhe of each â„¥ j. Oyl lb j. make it into an Unguent The COMMENTARY This Medicament is from its prepollent faculty in cocting and suppurating humours called the Basilical or Regal Unguent which when it consists onely of four Simples is called Tetrapharmacum or lesser Basilicum when of more the greater Basilicum both of them are Diapyetical or suppurative but the simple one is more imbecile and less calid then the more composititious wherefore being temperate it is more idoneous for cocting and suppurating humours For the temperate Medicament is truly pepastical and maturative having more cognation with our native calour whence Galen saith It rather acts by quantity then quality whereas Resolvatives being more valid work more by quality then by quantity not absuming superfluous humours Seeing then that this Tetrapharmacum is as it were symmetral it must needs be the best suppuratory and by cocting humours rightly convert them into slimy matter just as the temperate palm of a mans hand moved long on any part abounding with prave humours Rosine and black Pitch which hath not yet been used in pitching ships must be melted with Oyl and when cold agitated with a Pestel into the consistence of an Unguent The Tetrapharmacal or Basilical Unguent mitigates dolours Vires cocts noxious humours impacted on the part allay their acrimony and fill Ulcers with flesh CHAP. 15. Mundificatum expertum or The expert Mundificative â„ž of Wormwood the lesser Centaury Egrimony Speedwel Clary Plantain of each m.j. macerate them in lb xij of water and boyl them upon a gentle fire and in lb ss of the colature dissolve common Honey lb ss boyl them again till the water be almost consumed to which adde Oyl of Roses lb j. wax melted in the same â„¥ iij. powder of burnt CrabsÊ’ iij. flower of Lupines and powder of Gentian of eachÊ’ ij Myrrhe Aloes of eachÊ’ j. ss Orris Verdigrease of each â„¥ j. make these into an Unguent according to Art The COMMENTARY Seeing vulgar
strained to the colature adde Butter Fat and Wax when these are melted let Oyl be poured on and then the Powders mixed with it all thus permixed and subacted confect an Unguent of a legitimate consistence which from its effect is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is Auxiliatory by some Adjutory by Praepositus foolishly Aragon It cures cold affections Vires convulsions resolutions cholical and articulate dolours it is good to anoint the back-bone and shoulder-points with it before the invasion of the Quartane-Ague CHAP. 24. Unguentum Martiatam D. Myreps ℞ of old Oyl lb ij Wax lb j. Rosemary the leaves of Bayes Rue of each ℥ iiij Marjoram Dwarf-Elder Savin * * * Or Water Mints Balsamite Basil Sage Mountain-Polium Calamint Mugwort Enula-campane Betony Bears-breech Goose-grass Windflower Pimpinel Agrimony Wormwood Cowslips or rather Primerose Garden Costus i. Grecian Mint tops of Eldern Stone-crop the greater House-leek Yarrow Germander narrow-leafed Plantain the lesser Centaury Strawberries Cinqfoil of each ℥ ij ʒ ij Marshmallow-root Cumin Myrrhe of each ℥ j. ss Foenugreck Butter of eachʒ vj. Nettleseed Violets white Poppy-seed Garden-Mint and wilde-Mint the roots of Madder sowre Dock of Maiden-hair Carduus Benedictus Woodbinde Mosch Cranes-bill Camomile-flowers Spleen-wort Ox-eye Southernwood Storax the Marrow of a Hart of eachʒ ij of Bear Capon and Goose-grease Mastick of each ℥ ss Oyl of Spikenard ℥ j. Let the roots and herbs be bruised and macerated in Wine boyled and the Oyl added to them which again let be boyled in the strained liquor dissolve the Wax afterwards the Butter and the Fat 's and last of all the Powders The COMMENTARY Salernitanus thinks that this Unguent should be called Martianum from Martianus Manlius saith Martiatum from Martiaton a most perite Medick and its Inventor But whose-ever it was he hath described it a most efficacious and useful Medicament which consisting of many Simples is called The great Martiate in reference to one more simple delivered by Alexandrinus But lest any one should erre in its dispensation we shall dilucidate the obscure appellations of some of its simples By Acanthum then we understand Brank-ursine by Balsamita Water-Mint by Elelisphacum Sage by Spargula the Greeks Goose-grass by herba Venti not Pellitory of the wall sometimes so called but wilde Anemone however either of them may be taken without any errour by herba Paralysis Primcrose by Nostras Costus Grecian Mint commonly called S. Maries grass by Sempervive House-leek or the greater Aizoon by Quinque Nervia Plantain by Cardiobotanum Carduus Benedictus by Periclymenum Woodbinde by herba Moschata the first species of Storks-bill by Crispulum wilde Camomile not stinking Camomile which we call Ox-eye by herba Camphorata Southernwood the rest are easie We do not with Joubertus put Feverfew but Marjoram in stead of Tamarisk as more convenient for the purpose For its preparation the roots and herbs that are gathered in the middle of Spring must be washed purged brayed and macerated in a sufficient quantity of generous wine in a fit vessel and then cocted upon hot ashes till half the wine be dissipated then must the Oyl be affunded and all again cocted till all the wine be perfectly dissipated then removed from the fire put in a bag and pressed then set again on the fire and the wax added and melted then must the Butter Fat 's Marrow and Pulverables be usurped all dissolved well mixed and united by agitation then removed from the fire that they may become an Unguent It cures the cold affections of the Brain Nerves and Articles the trembling Palsey Convulsion and Gout it conduces to the hard tumours of the Spleen and all dolours sprung from crude humours CHAP. 25. Unguentum Citrinum D. Myreps ℞ of Borax white Marble of eachʒ ij Camphyrʒ j. white Coral ℥ ss Alome the Sea-Navel Antal Dental Chrystal Nitre Tragacanth Amiantum Starch Olibanum of each ʒ iij. * * * Gersa the foecula of Dragons-root ℥ j. Ceruse ℥ vj. Hogs-suet lb j. ss Goats-suet ℥ j. ss Capons-grease ℥ j. Pome-citron num ij make it up into an Unguent according to Art The COMMENTARY Seeing this Unguent hath its name not colour from Oranges for it is white it should rather be called The Unguent of Oranges then the Citrian Unguent but the affinity of the names makes the errour small It is rather of the number of those that appertain to the Cosmetical and Exornatory Art then the Medicinal for it consists of many things which erugate and deterge the skin emend its prave colour and reduce it to a more laudable state Many of its ingredients are enunciated in barbarous words which lest by their ambiguity or multifarious acceptations they should deceive the imperite we shall thus interpret By sweet Amiantum or Amentum we mean scissile Alome or plumeous not cocted Targot as Manlius suggests by Sea-navels Sea-shels representing a Mans Navel by Antalium a marine Tube of a fingers length striated without of the number of shells by Dentalium a small long round white shell smooth within crooked and acuminated on one side wherein a certain Sea-worm lives Now Antalium and Dentalium being Conchiles Sea-welks and Cockles may be substituted in their stead By Gersa we understand a certain Ceruse or Foecula made of the root of the herb Dragon or in defect thereof of the root of Jairy and Rose-water which is thus prepared The roots of the greater herb Dragon must be collected in the Spring washed purged and dryed then pulverated very small in a Stone-Morter and put in an earthen or glass vessel with rose-Rose-water then covered with a linen cloth and dryed in the Sun afterwards brayed madefied with rose-Rose-water and dryed by insolation which must be iterated three or four dayes then the powder madefied with odorate wine coacted into Pastils dryed in a shade reposed for use and usurped for Garsa The Unguents preparation is after this manner The greases must all be melted together in an earthen pot wherein two Citrons or Oranges cut into pieces must be macerated a whole night the next morning cocted and percolated the Marble Chrystal Coral Navels Antals and Dentals must be pulverated very small as also the rest but all of them apart especially Camphyr Amylum Frankincense Amiantum and Boras but Gersa being friable may be levigated by light motion on an inverted sieve When all are duly levigated they must be mixed and agitated together with the melted strained and hot fats that they may concrete to an Unguent But the quantity of Fat 's seems too little for the Powders which therefore must either be augmented or they lessened for Apothecaries require for one pound of Powders seven or eight of Fat but the Powders may be saved and when use calls for them mixed with a sufficient quantity of Fat 's It represses Pimples arising from bile or salt phlegm in the skin Vires but especially in the face It exterges Tetters black and blue
places deleates foetid scars takes away the redness of the eyes and cures cutaneous affections CHAP. 26. Unguentum Spleniticum or An Oyntment for the Spleen ℞ Oyl of Capers of Jasmine of each ℥ ix fresh Butter lb ss Juyce of Bryony and Sowbread of each lb ss Gum-Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar ℥ ij of the Powder of the bark of Tamarisk Ashton-keyes Ceterach white Willowseed of each ℥ j. Cumin-seedʒ ij new Wax as much as will suffice to body it into an Unguent The COMMENTARY Many are infested with the tumour of their Spleen others with its induration without any great tumour and others with both all of them have gravity and gripings in their Hypochondria tumours in their left sides difficulty of breathing and prave and plumbeous colours black and turgid veins towards their Spleens inflation of feet and lying on the left side is grievous to them This Unguent adhibited to the regions of their Spleens after general Praesidies will much profit for it is malactical or mollitive resolvative apertive roborative and splenetical whence it hath that name It should not therefore be omitted but seeing its use is salubrious should be kept in Pharmacopolies For its preparation let the Oyls and Butter boyl on a slow fire with the succes till the succes be dissipated then mix dissolved Ammoniack with them then the Powders afterwards the Wax and make an Unguent whereunto adde some Oyl of Spike which by its tenuity will cause better permeation for the rest and emend the Unguents odour CHAP. 27. Unguentum Neapolitanum or The Neapolitan Unguent ℞ of Hogs-suet washed in the Juyce of Sage lb j. Quicksilver killed ℥ iiij Oyl of Bayes Chamomile and Worms of each ℥ ij of Spike ℥ j. ss Aqua-vitae ℥ j. yellow Wax ℥ ij Turpentine washed in the Juyce of Enula-campane ℥ iij. Powder of Ground-pine and Sage of each ℈ ij mingle them The COMMENTARY I wish that Medicks would speak of the venereous disease and its cure without injury to any Nation For many ignorant of its original cause and nature referre it to such from whom they received it whether justly or injustly Hence some call it the Spanish others the Italian and others the French disease But the French being men that will not put up an injury hearing the disease imposed on them which they had rightly called the Indian or Venereous Pox they called both the disease and its remedy Italian because the Italians had wronged them first and sometimes the Indian for the Spaniards brought it first out of India into Italy whence the French taking Neapolis brought home this Neapolitan fruit But to my purpose This Indian Unguent may serve in stead of very many of that name which are unduly confected of Swines-fat and Quicksilver and sometimes a few simples unduly united and kept in many Pharmacopolies whereby the diseased in stead of help gets the Palsey Stupour and Trembling But this we have described consists of many things that hinder such affections that roborate the Nerves extinguish the malign and peccant quality of the humours and resolve the humours propelling many by sputation Some adde Petreol and Euphorbium which being exceeding hot and tenuious may help cold natures but they much harm the bilious and temperate Some also adde Mithridate and the Theriack but we omit them as not alexiterial to this disease but Quicksilver is very efficacious if duly prepared as we have elsewhere demonstrated For the preparation of this Unguent the wax must first be melted on a moderate fire with the Oyls then Aqua-vitae added to them which must be agitated and calefied till the water be exhaled then incorporate them with Quicksilver Fat and Turpentine whereunto adde the Powders and subact all into an Unguent That the Quicksilver may be duly prepared it should first be trajected through a woollen cloth that its plumbago may be segregated then extinguished with jejune and sound spittle for being thus tamed it is fitter for this confection then when extinct in the succe of Henbane and Lemmons though the Grease and Turpentine take away much of its ferity It s malign quality may be very well castigated in the Oyl of Turpentine duly prepared It cures the flux of the mouth or the exputation of virulent humours through the mouth if after purgation the parts be twice or thrice anointed therewith We have neglected many Unguents described in vulgar Antidotaries because their use is either not approved of or disallowed of or their faculties respondent to and contained in these we have described For he that hath the Styptical Unguent or Aregon of Fernelius needs not the Unguent of Comitissa and Arthanita SECT II. Of Cerecloths AS Cerecloths are in the middle betwixt Unguents and Salves so we describe them in the middle They are called Cerata because they admit of Wax as also Ceronea which are now made of such solidity that they differ not from Salves but are taken indiscriminately by Chirurgeons who call such as repose broken or disjoynted bones Ceroneous Salves But Cerata in a more angust acceptation denote an external Medicament aggregated of Oyl Wax the parts of Plants Animals Metals and Minerals to a middle consistence betwixt Unguents and Salves for they admit of more Wax then Unguents and less then Salves Now the proportion of Wax to Oyl in Unguents is of two dragms and an half to one ounce in Cerata of two dragms and a half to an ounce in Salves twice thrice or four times as much Wax as Oyl which proportion varies according to the different mixtion of other Ingredients and the season they are confected in for where there is required much of Powders there must be more where little there less Oyl in Summer also less Oyl is requisite then in Winter so that it is in the perite Artists power to change augment or lessen the quantity of Wax and Oyl and as Cerone is used for an Emplaister so is Ceratum for an Unguent for their preparation commixtion and spissitude are almost one yea a Ceratum is sometimes more liquid then an Unguent CHAP. 1. Ceratum refrigerans Gal. or The cooling Cerate of Galen ℞ of white Wax ℥ j. Oyl of Roses ℥ iiij melt them together and pour on a little coldwater keeping it continually stirring at the last adding Vinegar ℥ ss make it into a Cerate The COMMENTARY There is not amongst all compound and euporistical Medicaments one more frequent or simple then this described and celebrated by Galen which some call an Unguent some Ceratum Album and some Ceratum refrigerans Galeni You may thus make it Divide the wax into pieces melt it in the Oyl of Roses not perfectly explicated take it from the fire and transfuse it into another vessel and when it is cold and moderately concreted affund cold water upon it and agitate it which iterate till the mixture will take no more whereunto if you adde a little thin white-wine Vinegar it will be more humectative and refrigerative Galen advises when
it should be made very refrigerative to put the succes of Lettice Nightshade Sempervive and such refrigerants to it But this needs not be done but when the time of use calls for it these may be added for it is better to have it made in the shops after the most simple form It cures Inflammations S. Anthonies fires Pimples Carbuncles Vires red Swellings and all hot distempers It also much helps the Feverish if it be put upon their Hypochondria CHAP. 2. Ceratum Santalinum or The Cerate of Sanders D. Mes â„ž of Rose-leavesÊ’ xij red SandersÊ’ x. white and yellow of each â„¥ vj. Bole-armeniackÊ’ vij white Wax washedÊ’ xxx IvoryÊ’ vij CamphyrÊ’ ij Oyl of Roses lb j. make into a Cerate The COMMENTARY The Pharmacopolist that wants Sugar is not so derisible as he that wants this Ceratum whose continual and happy use sufficiently nobilitate it It is from Wax called Ceratum from Santals Santalinum You may make it thus First pulverate all the Santals together the Roses Bole-armeniack Ivory and Camphyr apart then mix the Wax with the Oyl that they may be liquefied on a slow fire when they are confusedly melted and a little cold wash them thrice or more in rose-Rose-water whereunto adject the said powders yet in such method that the Camphyr be last put in then agitate subact and unite all into the consistence of a Ceratum We have put crude not burnt Ivory for Spodium and why we have so done hath been frequently shewed It allayes the inflammations exustions and hot distempers of the Ventricle Liver and other parts with much efficacy CHAP. 3. Ceratum Stomachicum or A Cerate for the Stomach taken out of Mes â„ž Roses Mastick of eachÊ’ x. dryed WormwoodÊ’ vij ss SpikenardÊ’ v. Wax â„¥ ij Oyl of Roses â„¥ ix make it according to Art into a Cerate The COMMENTARY This Ceratum of Mesue's being more efficacious then those two which Galen describes it is more usual and frequent in shops For its preparation melt the Wax and Oyl when cold wash them oft in rose-Rose-water melt them again and wash them in equal portions of the succe of Quinces and of black austere wine with a little Vinegar which may be well omitted In the mean-while pulverate the Roses and VVormwood together Mastick and Spikenard apart then confusedly mix all the powders with the wax and Oyl duly washed and subact them into a legitimate spissitude Galen to whom Mesue attributes its description gives it otherwise therefore the invention of the description or at least of the better description is due to Mesue It it called Stomachical because it conduces to that part for it foments the heat of the stomack and of the whole Ventricle helps concoction dissipates flatulency cocts crude humours moves appetite and stayes vomiting but it should and must be extended all over the region of the stomack and sometimes the whole Ventricle for it roborates that also and makes it more prompt and apt to perform its office CHAP. 4. Ceratum Oesypatum Gal. tributum D. Mes â„ž Oesypi â„¥ x. Oyl of Camomile Orris of each lb ss Wax â„¥ iiij Mastick Turpentine of each â„¥ j. Rosine â„¥ ss SpikenardÊ’ ij ss SaffronÊ’ j. ss Ammoniacum â„¥ j. Storax â„¥ ss make it into a Cerate according to Art The COMMENTARY Mesue describes three Cerata's whereof we select this one attributed to Galen as most efficacious and usual which yet Rondeletius by the addition of Ammoniack and Storax hath made more effectual for thus confected it performs those effects which the descriptions of Pilagrius and Paulus pollicitate Wherefore he that hath this may be without the others It is called Oesypatum from its Basis Oesypum which you may thus extract Take a fit quantity of wooll evelled from the necks bellies and privities of sheep macerate it eight hours in hot water agitate it all the while with a stick then servefie it on the fire till it depose its fatness into the water extract and violently express the wooll and then transfuse the water from one vessel to another with much force that it may eructate much spume which collect and repose in a vessel apart iterate the transfusion in the hot Sun till all the fat spume be collected which wash and agitate in pure water till its filth be segregated and the last water remain limpid and the fatness leave no acrimony on the tongue then put it in a dense earthen pot and keep it in a cold place It is emollitive resolvative calefactive and anodynous The Ceratum you may thus confect first pulverate the Saffron Mastick Spikenard and Storax apart then mix their powders together macerate Ammoniack in Vinegar melt it and coct it to the consistence of Honey then liquefie the wax in Oyl take them from the fire and put therein Oesypum dissolved Ammoniack and Turpentine together then agitate and subact all the powders together that they may acquire due spissitude It mollifies resolves digests and allayes dolours and thence conduces to the hard tumours of the Liver Spleen Uterus Nerves Articles and other parts Authors describe other external Medicaments under the name of Cerata which being of a harder consistence we shall prosecute in our next Book of Salves Mesue describes some softer then these which are seldome or never made Finis Libri Quinti The Apothecaries Shop OR ANTIDOTARY Of EXTERNAL MEDICAMENTS THE SIXTH BOOK Of Emplaisters THE PREFACE BOth the Matter and Vertue of Unguents and Salves are one their consistence different which in the one is soft and liquid in the other crass and solid which are therefore made into Rolls and Bacils of a fingers length and crassitude and sometimes much more and not reposed in vessels like Unguents but involved in papers and so kept in Pharmacopolies That they may acquire that crassitude they admit of more Wax and less Oyl then Unguents as twice thrice and sometimes four times as much Wax as Oyl which quantity of Wax must be augmented or lessened according to the quantity of Rosines and concrete succes as also the quantity of Oyl as the dosis of Fat 's Grease and Marrow may ingrede the confection Now Salves are confected of the parts of Plants and Animals of Minerals and Metals some whereof give onely the body and consistence without any great vertue as Wax common Oyl Quicksilver and some Rosines others with matter give also vertue and efficacy as Minerals Plants and the other Ingredients All Salves do not admit of Wax and Rosines but receive Ladanum Frankincense and other things for their matter Some also are made without Wax and fire whose materials are Honey viscid Succes Cream and the like concreted to a due spissitude as the Salve of Bread-Crusts and Bayberries and the like This order must be observed in confecting Salves first the Wax must be melted in Oyl then the liquors succes and Mucagines mixed therewith and cocted on a slow fire till the aqueous humidity be exhaled then must the Fat 's
Linseed Hawthornseed of each â„¥ j. ss the four greater cool seeds of each â„¥ j. macerated a whole day in Asses or Heifers Milk afterwards distilled in a Bath It leniates takes away acrimony purges the Reins Ureters and Seminaries from filth and emends their distempers Of Topical Waters or such as are externally adhibited Aqua Ophthalmica or A Water for the Eyes â„ž of the Juyces of Salendine Fennel Rue Smallage and Clary of of each lb ss Honey â„¥ iij. Goats-Gall â„¥ j. the Galls of Cocks and Capons of each â„¥ ss AleesÊ’ vj. Cloves Nutmegs Sarcocolla of eachÊ’ ij put them into an Alembick and distil of the Water according to Art This cures many ocular affections as hebetude dulness and debility of fight Aqua Communitatis or The Water of Community â„ž Eyebright m.ij. Salendine Vervine Betony Groundpine Dill tops of Clary * * * Redflowered Pimpinel Bishopsweed Avens of each m.j. Rosemary m. ss Long-Pepper Ê’ ij Macerate them in white-wine for a whole day and then distil of the Water It is called the Water of Community because it is common and should not be wanting in any house It cures imbecility of sight deterges the eyes from filth takes away spots or Pearls cures Ulcers hinders suffusion of blood augments the clarity of the eye and roborates it Aqua ad Epiphoram oculorum ruborem or A Water for the dropping and redness of the Eyes â„ž White-wine rose-Rose-water of each lb ss Tutty prepared â„¥ j. Powder of Mace â„¥ ss Let these be mingled in a Vial well stopped and insolated for three weeks It deleates the redness of the eyes exsiccates tears roborates the Tunicles and cures its Ulcers Aqua Calcis or Water of Lime THe Water wherein Chalk or Lime hath been often extinguished is thence called Aqua Calcis it is very eximious in curing many Cankerous and Dysepulotical Ulcers which seeing it may easily be made at any time needs no farther description Aqua Fortis AQua Fortis appertains rather to Goldsmiths then Apothecaries which they use in separating Silver from Gold and thence called The Separatory Water in French Eau de depart for it melts the Silver and moves not the Gold Now that same which they have once used and that hath admitted of a portion of water or is become ignave and of an azure colour is commonly called Aqua secunda which all Chirurgeons keep for the Praesidy of such as have got the Plague of Venery It is made of Vitriol and Saltpeter included and closely shut in a Morter or other fit vessel well bedawbed into which Spirits are forced by the fire Another sort is made of Auripigment Salnitre the flour of Brass and Rock-Alome which I leave to such as use it De Aquis Comptoriis seu Fucatoriis or Of Comptory or Ornatory Waters I Cannot think that pulchritude or deformity of Body conduce any thing to the probity or improbity of manners for many more deformed then Thersites have been famous and many more beautiful then Adonis infamous I have also known many deformed women impious to purpose But I purpose not to exhibit Paints to these nor Comptory Waters to toothless old Hags to erugate or emend their Faces herein following the prudence of Galen though a Pagan who disallows of not onely the Painting of Faces but the Tinctures of Hair professing that he never exhibited any thing of that nature to such as took more delight in Ornaments then Health Our Antidotary then shall want these nefarious Medicaments wherewith Harlots incite and deceive Youngsters for this Fucatory Art we see is exercised by none but some Juglers and vafrous Knaves who seeking secretly to pick a Whores Purse promise her Oyl of Talkum which they never saw wherewith she may not onely erugate her Face but restore her self to Youth again and then exhibit two Unguents the one Red and the other White both Spanish and participating of a malign quality For that which they call album Hispanum admits Sublimatum in its confecture which though it consists of equal parts of Quicksilver Vitriol and common Salt rather then of Amoniack which are not lethal apart in themselves but are duly mixed in a Glass sublimatory vessel whereunto fire is added gradually for the space of twelve hours They make a Powder so caustical and deletery as can scarce be cicurated by any art And hence it is that women who use these Sublimata's have black Teeth wormeaten corrugated Faces and praevious old Age. The Colour therefore which Nature's Pencil draws is best whose Works whilest we admire let us give Eternal Glory and Praise to the Creator FINIS A Table of the Matters and Words of principal note in this Work contained A. ACacia pag. 77 The kindes thereof Ibid. Its vertues Ibid. Achates what pag. 419 Acetabulum pag. 137 Acetum Mulsum pag. 325 Acopa pag. 123 Acorus pag. 273 How it differs from Calamus Aromaticus Ibid. Acutella pag. 302 Adrobolon pag. 388 Aeluropus pag. â—â—â— Aetites pag. â—â—â— It s vertues Ibid. Aethiopidis Herba its force and vertue pag. 7 Aeschylus would never per Verses till toxicated with Wine pag. 219 Agallochum what it is pag. 286 Why so rare Ibid. Its vertues Ibid. Ageratum pag. 357 Agat pag. 419 Agnus Castus its description pag. 340 Its vertues Ibid. Agarick pag. 258 Which is best Ibid. Where it grows pag. 259 Its vertues Ibid. Agrimony pag. 356 Its vertues Ibid. Agripalma pag. 372 Ajuga pag. 326 Aizoon pag. 351 Alabaster pag. 421 Alana pag. 398 Alcea pag. 230 Alembeck pag. 89 487 Its manifold acceptation pag. 113 487 A crooked one Ibid. A blinde one Ibid. Aliment what it is pag. 6 An inexplicable Faculty therein pag. 13 Medicinal Aliment Ibid. Alioticks pag. 28 Almonds pag. 387 Their vertues Ibid. Plutarch 's story of them Ibid. How they are to be blanched pag. 55 Alcanna pag. 452 Alcool pag. 107 Aloes its description pag. 256 Cabalina Ibid. Succotrina Ibid. Where most of it growes Ibid. Its vertues Ibid. It s faculty pag. 10 How to know the best pag. 256 How to wash and nourish it pag. 58 It shuts the veins pag. 256 Aloes-wood its description and how to know it pag. 286 Its vertues Ibid. Alome what it is pag. 401 The several sorts of it Ibid. Catinum pag. 401 402 Foecum pag. 401 402 Liquid pag. 401 402 Pulmbeous pag. 401 402 Round pag. 401 402 Rock pag. 401 402 Scissile pag. 401 402 Synamose pag. 401 402 The way to burn it pag. 68 Alphenicum pag. 615 Alterative Medicaments are of three sorts pag. 10 Their kindes Ibid. Altercum pag. 349 Amber what it is pag. 406 How to know the best Ibid. Its vertues Ibid. Amber-Grise what it is pag. 405 How it may be adulterated pag. 158 Its vertues pag. 405 Liquid Amber what it is pag. 673 Its vertues Ibid. How it may be adulterated pag. 158 Amethystus pag. 419 Amigdalates how made pag. 163 A description of such as are commonly used at Lutetia Ibid. Amomum what it
chusing of simples according to time and season Electuary a soft form of medicine made sometimes purging sometimes not Elephantiasis a kind of white scals or leprosie over the whole body of the patient making it like the side of an elephant Elevation is when subtil things are forced from those which are thick Elicite make choice of Elixar a quintessense or medicinal liquor refined by distillation to the highest purity and exalted to its utmost degree of vertue Elixation gentle boyling by a moderate heat Elution the preparation of common Bole by pulverization calcination lotion c. as Talcum Crocus martis Terra-lemnia Emanates proceeds from Embrocated moistened sprinckled wash'd or bathed Emends cures or takes away Emetos or Emesia vomiting a depraved motion of the stomach Emetica vomiting Medicines Emphrastica medicines that clog up the pores of the skin by their clamminess Empirick a Mountebank or Quacksalver that administreth Physick without any regard to rule or art Emollient softening or dissolving oyntments Emollition a softening by steeping Emollient herbs are four mallows marsh-mallows black violet and bears breech Empasms medicinal pouders used to allay inflamations and to scarifie the extremity of the skin Emplasters are a Composition of several Simples for several diseases according to the Physitians discretion Emplaistick medicines all such kind of food which is of a clammy glutinous substance Empneumasis Windiness in the stomach Emprostotonos A kind of Cramp Empyema corruption or quittour lying between the Breast and Lungs after a plurisie Empyici are such as have an imposthume or bladder broken in the side of the Lungs Emulgent veins those passages whereby the wheyish excrements of the bloud is conveyed through the kidneys into the bladder Emulsions the steeping or dissolution by steeping of any seeds or kernels in liquor till it come to the thickness of a jelly Emunctories certain passages whereby nature clenseth the body from many hurtful peccant humors which are certain kernels in the groins and under the arms where risings most commonly happen in pestilential and venemous diseases Enecated killed Eneorema the clouds that hang in distilled waters or in urins especially when the Disease is breaking away Energetical very forcible and strong Enchanthis an immoderate encrease and swelling of the caruncle or little flesh in the corner of the eye coming from the abundance of bloud in that part Encomium praise commendation Entrals the bowels Euntiates signifies Ephemera febris a light Fever that lasts but one day Ephractica medicines opening the pores of the skin Epicrasis a leasurely evacuacuation of evil humors Epidemical diseases are such as are universally spread over a whole Nation or Country such are the plague small pox fluxes sweating sicknesse c. Epidemia the plague Epiglottis is a gristle and a cover of the cleft of the Larynx made to fall upon it when we swallow that nothing should slip into the weason Epilepsia the falling sickness which is a convulsion of the whole body not continually but by fits with an hinderance both of the mind and senses Epiphora involuntary weeping Epispastick blistering plaisters or any other strong drawing plaister they are also called vesicatories Epithems bags of dried herbs pouders or spices sometimes moistened with rose-rose-water wine or vinegar sometimes applied dry to the region of the stomach heart liver spleen or brain Epuloticks pouders or other medicines that dry up ulcers and sores Eradicate plucked up by the roots Eraded scraped off or raked away Erector in plain english A lifter up physically the muscle that makes the yard to stand Eroded rusted canker'd or eaten asunder Erumnies griefs miseries Errhins sneezing medicines to be snuft up into the head to purge the brain Erugates Takes away wrinckles Eruption a breaking or bursting out Erysipelas chollerick humors or swellings Escheoticks potential cauteries see Cauteries Esculents whatever things may be eaten Essences or chymical extracts being the most refined and spiritual part of any matter or substance Essential accidents of a Disease without which they could not be said to be as heat in a Fever leanness in a Consumption c. Eviscerate to unbowel or draw out the bowels Euphorpium a gum or tear of a strange Plant growing on the mount Atlas in Libia its yellow clear and brittle it 's good against palsies and shrinking of sinews Exhalation is when the spirit of any matter solid or in pouder is lifted up through heat and vanisheth into the air Evacuation purging or discharging the body of what is dangerous or superfluous Evaporation consumption by steem caused by a gentle heat in evaporations of liquors the flatter broader your vessel is that holds your liquor the sooner will the Operation be effected Eventilated fanned cooled or clensed by the wind as musty corn is made sweet by casting to and again abroad in the air Euchima good blood or a good habit of body Evocative that calls forth or brings forth any offensive matter or humor Euphony sound pronuntiaon Exacts drives away Exanthemata the small pox are pustules and the measles spots which arise in the top of the skin from the impurity of the corrupt bloud sent thither by force of nature Exaltation a chymical preparation whereby any thing is brought to its highest vertue and purity Exanimate drive out the life Exiccate to make dry or dry up Exasperate provoked to be more painful fell and angry than before Excavated hollow Excite stir up provokes Excrement the dregs or residence of the nourishment of the body voyded by dung sweat and urine Excrementitious that which is mixed with any impure or unnecessary excrementitious humor Excorticated fleyed or pieled Excreta things voided out of the body Exenterated having the bowels plucked out Exestuate destroy the heat of any part Exhalation vapors drawn by the Sun upwards off the face of the earth and waters Exhausted drawn dry spent Exhibited given administred Exhilerate make chearful enlighten revive Exiccation drying Exigent a streight or necessity an eminent peril Exiguity meanness littleness smalness Eximious excellent eminent exceeding admirable great Exonerate disburthen discharge Exotick strange forreign Expetible desirable worthy to be wish'd for or sought after Expel to drive forth Expectorate to help an easie spitting out of flegm Expressed squeezed out Expletes empties Expulsion the driving forth of excrements dung urine sweat or any hurtful humor offending the body Expurged clensed Exquisite perfectly perfect Extension stretching forth Extenuation leanness a consumption Extergeth clenseth Extinct dead or put out like a candle Extraction pulling or drawing out Extranous strange forreign from without Extrinsecal from without Extruct build set up Extrudes drives out Exucce without juyce Exulcerate make sore Exuperant over abounding exceeding F Fabrick the whole composition or frame of the body Fabrication building Factitious counterfeit Faculty of a medicine is a certain cause or quality whereon its properaction or vertue depends as the faculty of Aloes is to purge Faex vini the lees of wine Fames Canina Boulimia dogs appetite