one ounce the Conserve of Sage and Rosemary flowers of each six drams Nutmeg candied half an ounce one candied Myrobalan old Treacle and confection of Alkermes of each three drams of the Pouder Diambra and Diamoschi dulcis of each one dram with the Syrup of Citron Barks make it up And let him take every morning two hours before meat the quantity of a Chessnut drink after it a little wine and water This following Balsom doth more strongly corroborate the brain of which he may take now and then three or four drops in wine or broth Take of the Chymical Oyl of Nutmegs three drams Oyl of Marjoram Rosemary and Amber of each half a dram Musk and Amber-greese of each one scruple with a little Oyl of a Mans Skull mix them together You may make the Oyl of a mans Skull thus Take the shavings or raspings of a Skull that was never buried put them in a Retort or Still so called in as much white Wine as will suffice Let them stand in Balneo Mariae that is a kettle of warm water for some time then distill it in Sand till it is dry and you shall find the Oyl swimming upon the Water which is drawn off Anoint your Nostrils within with this Balsom every night and it wil strengthen the Brain wonderfully There is another cheaper for to anoint the Nostrils with which is Take the Oyl of Orange Flowers two drams white Wax one dram melt them gently and put thereto Oyl of Amber half a dram of the Chymical Oyls of Sage and Rosemary of each fifteen drops Oyl of Spike five drops mix them together It is also very good for the drawing away of the matter which breeds continually in the Brain by an issue in the hinder part of the neck Lastly The Baths which come out of Brimstone Niter Bitumen as those called Bellilucanae are very good for the drying and strengthening of the Brain if it be washed therewith for some daies after general evacuations are made Daily experience teacheth us that most grievous Head-Diseases coming of cold Distempers are thereby cured It is profitable also to drink those Waters for the strengthening of the stomach which alwaies doth sympathize with the head Therefore I set down this digestive Pouder Take of Coriander seed prepared one ounce Annis seeds and sweet Fennel Seeds of each three drams Cinnamon and Nutmeg of each two drams Coral Ivory and Pearl prepared of each one scruple Sugar of Roses as much as all the rest or for rich folk twice as much of which let him take a spoonful after every meal not drinking or eating for three hours after CHAP. II. Of Drouzie Diseases called Coma Lethargy Carus and Apoplexy THere are four kinds of Preternatural sleep namely Coma Apoplexy Carus and Lethargie We wil speak of them together in this Chapter because they proceed from the same Causes and are cured all the same way These four Diseases differ one from another after this manner In the Disease called Coma Cataphora or Subeth according to Avicen is a deep sleep but such an one as from which the Patient is raised openeth his eyes and answereth but presently he is again in a deep sleep In a Lethargie the sleep is like that of Coma but it is joyned with a Feaver and Frenzy or Dotage In Carus there is no Feaver as in Lethargy but in Carus the sleep is more deep and profound so that when the sick party is rowsed up he scarce opens his Eyes and answers not as in the former but yet being pinched he is sensible and his breath comes freely In Apoplexy the sleep is most deep and a total privation of sence and motion except breathing and so therefore the sick doth neither open his eyes answer nor feel when he is hurt as also he breatheth very difficultly There are many Causes of these Diseases The first and chief cause is Flegm and waterish humor contained in the brain of which when there is but a smal quantity that moisteneth and cooleth the substance of the brain stopping up its â—ores and passages cometh Coma. But if the same quantity of Humor so gathered together become putrified and corrupt or grow into a tumor or swelling or be dispersed throughout the brain it procureth a Lethargie When it is gathered in a greater quantity without corruption and that the humor is sucked up into the substance of the brain it causeth a Carus And lastly When the humor is in so great a quantity that it doth not only fill the brain but also the ventricles thereof stopping and straitening them and also when it doth offend the Original of the Nerves which comes from the brain and is placed in the basis or bottom of the Skull and when it hindereth the passage of the Animal Spirit it begets an Apoplexy Secondly Sleepy Diseases spring also from abundance of blood in the brain for if the store of blood contained be more raw waterish and cold it thickens the Animal Spirits and makes them unfit to move as also the abundance of humor charging the brain hindereth the free passage of the Spirits and according as the humor is more or less in quantity more or less in coldness it produceth a greater or a lesser Disease So that both Coma Carus and Apoplexy may be caused thereby But drowsie Diseases especially the Apoplexy are usually caused by blood out of its Vessels stopping and compressing the Ventricles of the brain and that falleth out either from a vein broken in the brain or from an over fulness of the Vessels or from some great bruise or contusion of the head or from some cut or punctured wound by which the veins of the brain are divided and so send forth much blood And the Fracture only of the Skul compressing of the brain may produce a dulness drowsiness or sleeping Disease Thirdly It is without doubt that a Tumor in the brain burdening it with its weight may produce a sleepy disease This is reported by Platerus to be found in a certain Barron who for a long time was sortish and sleepy did nothing rationally nor desired meat neither did eat any thing but what was forced into him went not to bed but by compulsion but would sit al day at the Table leaning on his arm with his eyes shut neither did he answer at any time without much asking and importunity and then very little to the purpose After his death his Skul was opened and there was found in his brain a great Kernel hard and of a callous body the cause whereof might be some stroak upon the head which he had received long before the beginning of his Disease Fourthly Many Vapors flying into the Brain may be the cause of a sleepy disease for if the vapors be many and gross that they burden the animal Spirits and darken them as with a mist even as the clouds in the greater world darken and obscure the beams of the Sun But if they be overmoist they do so
best being drawn by a good Artificer and smelling of no fire but sending forth a most fragrant scent The Dose is from half a scruple to one scruple The Oyl of Box-tree taken by four drops at a time in four ounces of the Water of the Tile-tree flowers with four drops of the Spirit of Sulphur for some certain daies together is very powerful and is thought by many to be the true Oyl of Lignum Heraclei Crato calls the Natural Cinnaber the Load-stone of the Epilepsy and makes this Pouder of it Take of Natural Cinnaber or Vermilion which is cleer and finely poudred half an ounce red Coral and Pearls prepared of each two scruples Saffron one scruple the Leaves of Gold five Grind them all very finely upon a stone The Dose is from six grains to a scruple in the time of the fit in some proper Liquor The Cinnaber or Vermilion or Antimony which is taken after the extraction of Mercurius vitae is thought by Chymists to be of no less vertue than the former for if it be mixed with an equal weight of the Magistery of Pearl Coral and pouder of a dead Mans Skull it is a specifical Medicine in an Epilepsy though it be old the Dose is from ten grains to fifteen in a proper Liquor The Cure of an Epilepsy by consent is first to begin with the part affected and that part is to be clensed and strengthened by convenient Medicines taken out or those proper Chapters wherein they are mentioned not omitting Specifical and Antepileptical Medicines which are alwaies to be used in every Medicine But if the Epilepsy come from any external part besides the Universal Cure we must have a special eye to that and the malignant matter therein contained is to be evacuated by Cupping-glasses with scarrification Vesicatories and Cauteries And if the Disease continue after the Ephar or Scab is fallen off you must apply the Cupping glasses again and at last when necessity urgeth you must apply an actual Cautery If the disease come from a foulness of the Skul that is to be taken away with the Trepan and burning CHAP. VIII Of the Falling-sickness in Children BEcause this Disease is common among Children and useth to be very dangerous unto them therefore we shal ad a peculiar way for their Cure by it self because it is very much differing from that in elder People First therefore make the Belly soluble with a Suppository or Clyster After or about the same time give a purging Medicine proportionable to the strength of the child We need not fear to give of the Electuary of Diacarthamum two drams to a child of one yeer old if the Disease come of corrupt Milk Take of Hiera Picra haly a scruple or one scruple Pulvis de gutteta half a scruple Give it with a proper Liquor or with Honey of Roses Apply Cupping glasses to the Shoulders and Loyns and with Scarrification if the Child be one or two yeers old Apply a Vesicatory to the hinder part of the Neck If the Purgation have not done well or little profited you must vomit with white Vitriol prepared or with Salt of Vitriol which may be given twice thrice or four times if the Disease encrease The Epileptick Pouder commonly called de gutteta may be given often with Milk or Broth from half a scruple to a scruple That Epileptick Pouder is not found written in our Dispensatory but in the Shops at Montpelior It is usually compounded thus Take of Peony Roots and Seeds white Dictamnus Misleto of the Oak of each half an ounce the seed of Atriplex or Orage two drams the Pouder of Mans Skull three drams red Coral prepared Hyacinths prepared of each one dram and an half Elks hoof prepared half an ounce Musk one scruple Leaf Gold one dram Mix them into Pouder Take it in a smal spoonful of Water against the Epilepsy or instead thereof in Cinnamon Water or Imperial Water or with some drops of the spirital mixture with a proper Liquor Apply to the hinder part of the head a Plaister of Ammoniacum the hair being shaven for it hinders a flux of humors that fals from the Head upon the back bone outwardly Use this Pouder to the fore part of the head Take of Nutmeg half a dram Peony seeds one dram and an half Lavender flowers one pugil Amber two scruples Make a Pouder Or apply the strengthening Plaister prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain Two or three drops of Oyl of Amber with an equal quantity of Spirit of Vitriol given in Bettony Water do presently free a child from a sit of the Falling-sickness The same Oyl is good to anoint the Nostrils Instead of Oyl of Amber give the Oyl of Box as also the Water of Tile-tree flowers and Bettony Water The smoak of Tobacco doth free children from the Epilepsy if you put in the smal end of the Pipe into the childs Mouth and blow in the smoak or if you blow it from your mouth Let the Back bone and the Members contracted be anointed with this Liniment Take of the Oyl of Rue and of Earth-worms of each two ounces Oyl of Castor one dram a little Aqua vitae make a Liniment Take of Old Treacle one dram Confection of Alkermes and Hyacinths of each one scruple Bettony Sage Marjoram and Cinnamon Water of each half an ounce ' Mix them and hath therewith the Nostrils Temples and Ears You may also give a spoonful to be drunk But it is better to anoint the Nostrils Temples and Crown of the Head with the Apoplectick Balsom described for sleepy Diseases as also the Mouth and Pallat. Skenkius in his 5. Century of Exotick Experiments num 85. hath this Receipt out of George Kufner This is an approved Medicine in Childrens Epilepsies Give a little fine Musk in thin Wine twice or thrice in a day and it will cure perfectly While these things are performing you must give once or twice in a day a Clyster thus made Take of the Roots of round Birthwort of Polipody of the Oak of Carthamus seeds of each half an ounce Peony and Cummin seeds of each three drams the flowers of Chamomel and and Rosemary of each one pugil Boyl them to one pint take half a pint of it strained Hiera picra three drams Honey of Rosemary one ounce Oyl of Rue and Lillies of each three drams Two special things are to be practiced The one is the Root of wild Valerian before commended by Columna which he saith he hath given poudered in Milk and thereby cured very many Another is the Gall of a sucking Puppy which is mentioned in Untzerus thus Take a little black sucking Puppy but for a Girl take a bitch Whelp choak it open it and take out the Gall which hath not above three or four drops of pure choller give it all to the child in the time of the fit with a little Tile-tree-flower Water and thou shalt see him cured as it were by
Sulphur or Vitriol for those do much allay the heat of Choller Take of the four great cold Seeds six drams white Poppy seeds two drams Barley Water half a pint Lettice and Water-lilly Water of each two ounces Rose water one ounce Make an Emulsion according to art to two Doses putting thereto Syrup of Violets two ounces Take of Conserve of Violets and Roses of each one ounce Conserve of Water-lillies and candied Lettice stalks of each half an ounce the pouder of Diamargariton frigid half a dram With the Syrup of Violets make an Electuary You may also make an Electuary of white Poppy Seed beaten in a stone Mortar and mixt with Sugar this may be called Diacodium album this temperates sharp and hot humors and brings rest it is made of one ounce of Poppy seeds beaten with so much Rose water after put two ounces of Sugar to it Or make it of equal parts of each Outwardly you must apply cold Epithems to the Heart and Liver Take of Rose water three ounces Borrage Bugloss and Sorrel Water of each two ounces white Wine Vinegar half an ounce the pouder of three Sanders one dram and an half of burnt Ivory half a dram Wood of Aloes one scruple Saffron eight grains Camphire six grains Make an Epitheme for the Heart Take of Lettice and Rose Water of each three ounces Endive and Purslain Water of each two ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce white and red Sanders and burnt Ivory of each one scruple Camphire and Spicknard of each six grains the pouder of Diarrhodon one dram Make an Epitheme for the Liver Let the Liver and the Loyns be anointed with this Oyntment Take of the Vnguent of Roses one ounce and an half the cerate of Sanders one ounce the Juyce of Lettice and Oyl of Roses of each half an ounce Make a Liniment Let the Breast be anointed with supling Oyls as Oyl of Violets and the like Apply cloaths wet in Water and Vinegar to the Stones or Cods or which is better let them be wet with Rose water and Vinegar It is good to wash the feet with an actually hot decoction made of cold things for it will soften those parts by its hot moisture and make the humors descend and its potential coldness will be communicated to al the Body and to the Brain especially by the Nerves whereby sleep will be provoked It is made thus Take of Violets Mallows Willow Leaves Vine Leaves Water-lillies of each two handfuls the flowers of Roses and Water-lillies of each one handful Poppy heads ten Make a Decoction for the use aforesaid Fair Water may suffice to wash the Feet and if the feet of the sick man be put therein when it is a little warmed for three or four hours it frees him from his Delirium and makes him sleep The same effect is wrought by Housleek beaten into a Cataplasm and laid to the soals of the feet and also by Pompions or Guords beaten and so applied Sweet Scents often applied to the Nose cool the Brain they are prepared after this manner following Take of Violet flowers and Water-lillies of each one pugil of Roses two pugils yellow Sanders one scruple Tie them in a clout and dip it into Rose water and let the Patient smel to it often Or Take of yellow Sanders Roses and Water-lillies of each one dram Camphire half a scruple put them with Rose water into a narrow mouth'd Vessel Let them boyl over the fire and after let the Patient receive the vapor at his Nose But because watchings do chiefly trouble in this Disease you must use all your skill from the beginning of the Disease to provoke sleep For which the repelling Medicines before mentioned are very good especially if you anoint the head with Oyl of Violets cold before you apply Rose Vinegar which is good against watchings and Convulsions which come in this disease But the Medicines following will do it more powerfully Take of the heads of white Poppies with their seeds in number six the flowers of Water-lillies two pugils beat them together and with Rose and Lettice water make them like a pultiss which apply to the forehead between two cloaths Note that in Medicines to provoke sleep you must use but little Vinegar because it causeth watching Take of Lettice flowers one handful and an half Roses half a handful white poppy seeds half an ounce boyl them in water till they grow soft stamp them in Barley Meal and womans Milk of each haâ—f an ounce and a little Oyl of Violets Make a Frontal thereof Take of Oyl of Violets water-lillies and new Oyntment of Poplar of each three drams Opium and Oyl of Nutmegs of each three grains Mix them into a Liniment to anoint the Forehead and Temples Great Housleek bruised with Womans Milk and laid to the Forehead appeaseth a Phrenzy and provokes sleep But as soon as the Patient begins to sleep you must take it away lest he fall into a Coma or sleeping Disease Guords of Pompions do the same thing with less danger Penotus doth extol this Epitheme Take of Musk twelve grains Camphire twenty grains red Rose water in which Sanders hath been infused twenty ounces mix them Shave the head and wet double cloaths therein and apply them warm to all the Sutures of the head When they are dry wet them again and continue the application twenty four hours and so doing you shall provoke sleep strengthen the brain and wonderfully recover the Patient except the very substance of the brain be corrupted Inwardly you may give one ounce of Syrup of Poppies somtimes in his Juleps and Emulsions Or you may give four or five grains of Laudanum which also given in a Clyster doth provoke sufficiently to sleep and with more safety The Physitian must be wary in the use of Narcoticks or Medicines that provoke sleep for they must not be given if the Patient be very weak lest the Spirits and Natural heat be thereby extinguished Having sufficiently used Evacuations Revulsions Derivations and Interceptions we must come to the bringing forth of the matter And first we must open the forehead vein if it appear and may be taken not tying a Ligature about the Neck as usually they do for so the blood will be forced upwards But you may with most profit open the veins in the nostrils and if the Disease be any waies curable it will be cured thus You must bleed plentifully and betimes in the beginning of the Disease after you have made general Evacuations And they are opened with Bristles put up into the Nose and pricking often therewith Or you may draw blood from behind the Ears from the Nostrils Forehead Hemorrhoids with Hors-letches Apply to the Head things that resolve with things that repel in that proportion that first you use a little of the resolvers and as the disease declineth encrease the quantity so that at length you use only resolvers to discuss the reliques of the Disease For this end we use Oyl
He who hath a Vein beating in his Arm is like to be mad and is subject to wrath but he that hath it moving by degrees is slow and stupid Here Hippocrates calleth Arteries by the name of Veins For he doth not mean a simple but a violent Pulsation unto which he opposeth that which is by degrees So that the meaning of his saying is this They who have naturally a high strong Pulse great and swift are inclinable to anger and fury but they who have a slow pulse are dull and blockish Secondly You must regard the Sex for Men are more often mad than Women Which is to be understood of the Original Disease of Madness for Woâ—en are often mad by consent from the Matrix Thirdly The Age is to be considered for Madness comes oftener to yong men than to boyes and old men Fourthly Mark the time of the year It comes often in Spring oftener in Summer most often at the fall of the Leaf according to Hippocrates and Galen Aphor. 20 21 and 22. Sect. 3. In the Spring the humors bred at other times and kept al Winter quiet are moved and stirred and produce proportionable diseases In the Summer much choller not only yellow but black is encreased in them that are inclined to it which causeth madness at that time or else encreasing till Autumn the disease comes then These Signs are more remote and shew only in general a disposition to this disease but these following shew it to be at hand Constant pain in the head watchings short and little sleep troublesom dreams cares and thoughtfulness frights from smal causes a rash and often fury from none or the â—mallest occasion eyes not enduring light noise in the ears an unaccustomed desire of Venery Nocturnal pollutions often laughter unaccustomed and without Reason much talk not formerly used and somtimes much silence These shew that a Mania is begun But that the Mania is present you may know by the â—igns mentioned in the Definition namely a Delirium without a Feaver with fury and boldness divers are the kinds of Dotage or Delirium in divers sick men and at divers times they come according as the cause is more or less vehement for some have a rash madness and seize upon every man they meet tear their own cloathes somtimes lay violent hands to destroy themselves Others ate milder and tamer and hurt no body but speak distractedly and ridiculously somtimes they sing somtimes they laugh and have divers whimseys and symptomes much like those in Melancholly men and fools And from the variety of those symptomes you may gather the variety of the cause For immoderate laughter mirth and singing signifie that the matter offending is dashed with much blood but wrath restlessness howling striking pale and yellow color in the face shew that choller is in fault but a furious madness that laies hold on all it meets and somtimes stayeth them comes from choller burnt which is called black choller but if this black choller comes not of yellow choller but melancholly adust the Patient looks furiously somtimes is long silent and then breaks forth into earnest discourse they are unruly and untoward and somtimes cry and lament grievously The Prognostick of this Disease is A Mania is a strong Disease and continueth not only months but years even to death especially if it be haereditary All Diseases of black choller are hard to be cured and this especially because the Patient will not be ruled and take their Medicines prescribed A Mania which comes with laughter and those light symptoms is easier cured than that which comes with sadness and fury That the Disease will shortly be cured appears by Natural Evacuations by sweat stool bleeding at noâ—e or hemorrhoids or varâ—ces or crooked swelled veins appears whence Hippocrates Aphor. 21. Sect. 6. if varices or hemorrhoids come to mad men the disease is cured Bloody-flux Dropsie Tertian Ague or Quartan happening to a mad man takes away his disease for there is a remove of the humors unto the lower parts from the Head in which they produce a new Disease For the Cure of this Disease the matter offending is to be evacuated revelled and repelled the hot Distemper is to be corrected the Brain and other principal parts are to be strengthened which may be done by the means following First Let blood out of the vein of the Arm which appears most but give a Clyster before the day after bleed again in thâ— other Arm and do thus often For Platerus affirms that innumerable mad folks have been cured by Chyrurgions and others who have studied the Cure and have let them blood twenty or twenty six times not only in the Arms but Feet Forehead Nostrils Hemorrhoides if the veins appear there and also in the Hand or Salvatella This is to be done by degrees intermitting Clysters and purging Medicines here prescribed Cupping Glasses to the Shoulders and Back with â—carification are to be applyed after the other veins are opened as also Horsleeches to the Temples and behind the Ears And you must intermix Preparations and Purges proper for the matter offending when you let blood so often and they must be continued long for which use are al those which we have mentioned for preparing and purging of Choller to which we may ad these following as being more excellent and choice Take of Laâ—is Lazuli one dram and an half Diagridium half a dram the best Turbith one dram Senna half an ounce Epithymum and Cream of Tartar of each two drams Cinamon and Citron peeles of each one scruple Saffron half a scruple make a pouder the Dose to be given at once is one dram or four scruples with any proper liquor or broth Take of black Hellebore one ounce infuse it for three dayes space in four ounces of rain water boyl them with a gentle fire to three parts ad to the straining of the best clarified Honey two ounces and take one spoonful in fat broth Or Take of the Extract of black Hellebore half a scruple Sirup of Violets one ounce mix them for one Dose All Medicines made of Hâ—llebore as the Wine Syrup and Oxmel of it are very good against this Disease Heâ—ce it is reported that Melampus the Son of Amythaon the Physitian Cured the Daughters of Praetus King of Greece with Hellebor'd wine when by Madness they supposed themselves to be Cowes Antimony in this Disease is not only Commended by Chymists but also by al Galenists both in regard it doth diâ—charge Melancholly from the whole Body and also because the Patients wil be easily perswaded to take it The Dose is divers according to the diversity of the preparation of it Baths of hot Water are to be often used and after every Purge The Orâ—er of Purging Medicines for this Disease is as followeth First give altering Apozems that Purgeth for three or four dayes together after you have let blood in both Arms. After give twice in a week gentler Potions or Pouders
which is easily hindered by universal Evacuations which ought to precede and those Errhins may be made of the juyce of Beets and Marjoram with white Wine in which Manna hath been dissolved But a stronger and yet safe Errhine may be made of the powder of Tobacco corrected with Cephalicks and Oxydorcicks or Medicines that help the sight for by that the Rhewm is drawn forth rather by the Palate than the Nostrils and the brain is so fortified that it wil not so easily receive the defluxion of humors from other parts The Composition whereof is as followeth Take of dryed Tobacco one ounce the leaves of Sage Marjoram Bettony Eyebright the Flowers of Clove-gilli-flowers and Red Roses of each one dram make a pouder to be snufft into the Nostrils for some few dayes Neither is it sufficient once to clense the Body of Excrementitious Humors with universal Purging but you must keep it in that condition all the time of the Cure therefore with Purges intermixed the Excrements which daily encrease must be brought forth which may be done with usual Pills made after this manner Take of the best Aloes half an ounce clean Senna Turbith Hermodacts and Agarick newly trochiscated of each two drams Diagridium one dram Mace Cloves and Eastern-Saffron of each seven grains sprinkle them with the juyces of Marjoram and the greater Celondine then dry them again in the shade And with the Oxymel of Squills make a mass of Pills of which let him take half a dram or two scruples twice or thrice in a month While these things are used you must continually labor to strengthen the brain and the eyes and the Patient must take diversity of Medicines lest by taking the same a long time it prove Nauseous unto him and lest Nature be too much enured to a Medicine and so it loose its Operation Old Physitians say Treacle is reputed to be of excellent vertue to this purpose which may be taken by a dram every night with Fennel Eyebright or Celondine water twice or thrice in a week Nutmeg eaten every morning fasting is much commended if it be long chewed that the vapor may be carried to the Eyes if you fear that the swallowing down thereof should offend by reason of the heat it may be spit forth after it is chewed Candid Myrabolans taken in the morning are thought to clear the sight exceedingly The usual Opiate is thus made Take of Conserve of Bettony and Rosemary flowers of each two ounces Candied Myrobalans two old Treacle two drams the Leaves of Eyebright poudered three drams Fennelseed two drams Nutmeg Cinnamon and Cloves of each one scruple With the Syrup of the Juyce of Fennel Rue and Celondine made up with Honey make an Opiate Let him take thereof the bigness of a Chesnut drinking after it a little Wine mixed with Fennel Water Nor must you omit external Medicines which strengthen warm and dry the Head of which sort is the Cephalick Pouder for the Hair a Cap and Fumigation mentioned by us in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain Finally You may apply Topical Medicines to the Eyes to strengthen them these are usual in Authors but they are of little force which cannot reach to the optick Nerves but if any desire to try some of them they may find enough of them in my Treatise of the Cure of a Suffusion In a desperate case when all other Medicines have been used in vain a Vesicatory applied over the whol Head being shaven in form of a Cap hath many times been very successful if it be twice or thrice used after the drying up of the former Blisters it is more advantagious CHAP. II. Of the Disease of the Vitrous or Glassy Humor THe Vitrous Humor is next under the Crystalline and therefore it is made by Nature transparent that the Species carried to the optick Nerve may be pure and clean If therefore the cleerness of that humor be hindered by the mixture of another and so made dusky according to the degree of that duskiness or foulness the sight is either diminished or abolished Moreover This humor may be out of order in respect of its scituation namely when any part of it by a blow or contusion shall be brought before the Crystalline for then the sight will be darkened in regard the vitrous Humor is more thick than the watery and therefore the species of the objects cannot be carried pure and cleer unto the Crystalline The first affect namely the Mixion of a Humor with it cannot be perceived by any signs but only it is judged probable by reason for the vitrous Humor cannot be seen or its condition known and therefore Practitioners are constrained to confound it and to make it one with Gutta serena because no fault appears in the Eye and this they do without offence to the Patient in regard any humors that are mixed with the vitrous are to be discussed with the same Remedies that a Gutta serena is cured But you may know that this vitrous humor is disordered in respect of its Scituation when it appeareth white under the Pupilla yet it is not easily distinguished from Suffusion except the antecedent and first cause be diligently observed For a Suffusion is caused by a simple defluxion of an humor but this transposition or displacing of the vitrous humor useth to come of a Wound or Contusion This last Disease is incurable for the vitrous humor being displaced can by no art be reduced to its former condition But this by Nature hath sometimes been done and therefore the whol business is to be committed unto her CHAP. III. Of the Diseases in the Crystalline Humor THe Crystalline Humor is the chief instrument of Sight and therefore ought to be kept more pure and perspicuous than the rest that that Sence may more freely be exercised And if it be soiled in the least measure the sence of Seeing is much hindered The chief Disease whereby the purity thereof is infected is called Glaucoma or the changing of the Crystalline Humor into a fiery redness and this happens when the Crystalline Humor is made thick by dryness as in old people from some drying and condensing cause it is often seen This Disease is known by a plain appearance of a thick white about the Pupilla and when all objects are apprehended by the Patient as through a cloud or smoak But it is hard to distinguish this Disease from a Suffusion which representeth such a whiteness about the Pupilla hence it is that many Authors do not distinguish between a Glaucoma and a Suffusion But they which diligently observe may distinguish them thus In a Suffusion there is a white in the very Pupilla and very neer the Membrane called Cornea but in a Glaucoma it lieth deeper This Disease is incurable especially in old folk in whom the driness of the part cannot be amended but if it be not manifest that the fault is in the Crystalline and there is a suspition of
it which few other Medicines have It clenseth very powerfully without any sharpness The same Fonseca sayes the Water following is admirable Take many Swallows beat them with their feathers in a Morter put to every pound of them four ounces of bread crums of white wine four pints infuse them six dayes and distil them in Balneo till they are dry then set that Water in a Glass in the Sun for twenty dayes and drop it into the eyes morning and evening There is a Water made of Rosemary flowers which discusseth Films in the Eyes after this manner Take of Rosemary-flowers as many as are sufficient to fill a Glass which must be well stopt and set it in the Wall against the South Sun thence will an Oyl come which with a feather anoint the Eyes with Some Authors commend the Galls of Beasts because they clense and discuss strongly but they cause pain with their sharpness and therefore are seldom used Forrestus Obs 35. Lib. 1â— commends a certain Fish in his Country out of whose Liver there comes a moisture by which he saith Cataracts are presently as by a miracle Cured See in the place cited the use of it William Lozellus saith That he hath Cured many stark blind after universal Medicines have been used with this Water Take of the Liver of a sound Goat two pound Calamus Aromaticus and Honey of each half an ounce the juyce of Rue three drams the Waters of Celondine Vervain Fennet Eyebright of each three ounces Long Pepper Nutmeg and Cloves of each two drams Saffron one scruple Rosemary-flowers bruised half an handful Sarcocol and Aloes of each three drams the Gall of Ravenous Birds Capons or Partridges one ounce let those that are to be sliced be sliced and that are to be bruised be bruised then mixed altogether with two ounces of white Sugar and six drams of Honey of Roses cast them into an Alembick of Glass and distil them in Balneo Mariae with a gentle fire keep this Water in a Glass close stopt for precious which you may drop twice or thrice in a day into the eye affected Zacutus Lusitanus commends the Water following in these words For an old Disease in the Eyes called Ophtalmia or any other which cometh of overmuch moisture and gross humors and mists as in thickness whiteness the Haw and Suffusion this Water is the best in his Experience if after sufficient Purging you drop six drops cold every night three hours after meat into the Eyes then about two hours after you shall have Water flow out of them in abundance Take of Aloes three drams Rue Fennel and Pettony of each two handfuls Vervain and Tormentil of each one handful Sarcocol three drams the froth of Nitre two drams and a half Sugar Candy three ounces syrup of Roses four ounces the Vrin of a yong Boy half a pint Lizzards dung three drams Horehound three handfuls Eyebright one handful and a half Ginger Spicknard long Pepper Cloves and Tutty of each two drams Balsom three drams Honey of Roses two ounces Verdegreese one dram Licium two scruples Radish leaves one handful powder those which are to be powdered mix them and infuse them in the best white wine in a Still putting to a fourth part of the best Honey for ten dayes and stir them daily then Distill them and keep the Water The same Zacutus commends the Oyntment following in these words For the drying up of moisture flowing from the Head into the Eyes and for Purging them by the Corners very strongly this Magistral Oyntment is excellent being applied after universal Evacuations from the Head and the whole Body let the upper Eye-brows be anointed lightly therewith morning and evening twice in a day three hours after meat one hour after there will slow plentiful Water from the corners of the Eye especially from the great corner Take of the Oyl of Roses three ounces rose-Rose-water nine ounces Camphire one dram Tutty one scruple Honey two ounces the Gall of a Goat half an ounce Lupin meal half a dram Aloes Succotrine one dram Sugar candy half a dram the juyce of Horebound Fennel and Rue of each half an ounce Mirrh one scruple Ammoniacum half a dram Sarcocol one dram and a half Pouder them that may mix them and boyl them a little with a gentle fire and the grease of a Goat or Sheep and a little wax make an Oyntment according to art Finally when al Medicines fail when the Disease is almost desperate it were good to try an experience with the Oyntment of Quicksilver which Fonseca saith was his invention yet seldom used for in his 19. Consultat lib. 1. he thus saith I have thought sometimes that the Vnction used for the Cure of the French Pox hath power to take away Cataracts in their beginning and increase by the same reason that it takes away the Humors remaining in the Eyes from the French Pox for by it the Head may be so Purged that a Cataract may be Cured and I have determined to make tryal of it Fonseca had much commended his Judgment if he had seen Skenkius his Observation 309. Lib. 1. which is taken out of the 5. Book of Alexander Trajanus Petronus of the French Pox Cap. 1. One saith he before he had the French Pox was blind of one Eye with a Cataract or thick Suffusion by the Vnction with Quick-silver was freed wonderfully from his Pox and Cataract both at once Neither is it without reason that Cataracts may be dissolved with that Vnction when we see by Experience that very hard Tumors of thick and gross Flegm are powerfully dissolved by the Vnction of Quick-silver When a Cataract can be dissolved with no other Medicines the last Remedy is the Chirurgical Operation which with a Needle put into the Eye after the matter of the Cataract being thick and turned to a little skin thrusteth it to the lower part of the Eye so that the sight is restored as if a window were opened This Operation is successful sometimes but often not But when the case is so that no hope remains of other wayes it is better according to the Opinion of Celsus formerly Commended to try an uncertain Medicine than none But it useth not to be tryed by reason of its uncertainty by ordinary Chirurgions but of Quacksalvers who go to and fro practising and therefore the time and manner of the Operation is to be left only to them But because those things ought not to be hid from a Physitian you may find them exactly treated on in divers Practical Authors when the Cataract is Cured Whether it be with dissolving Medicines or manual Operation you must use a course of Physick long after because there is a great fear of a Relapse For the Eyes having been much weakned by a long Disease are very ready to receive any Defluxion again from the brain Therefore you must follow the usual Purging you must have Issues continually for diversion and use often strengtheners
little white Wine The best and rarest Secret fro the Cure of an Ophthalmy is made of the Oyl which cometh from Linnen burnt between two close dishes one drop of which mixed with the spittle of a Child must be dropped into the Eye with a Feather In the declination not only the Remedies afore mentioned but also Waters more resolving are to be used as thus Take of Frankinsence and Aloes of each half a dram Sarcocol washed with Breast-milk one dram and an half Saffron half a scruple the Mucilage of Foenugreek half an ounce Fennel and Eyebright Water of each one ounce and an half Make a Collyrium But if you wil dry more and also digest Take of Sarcocol one dram and an half Tutty prepared one dram Aloes one scruple Mirrh half a scruple the Mucilage of Foenugreek half an ounce Vervain and Celondine Water of each one ounce Make a Collyrium In a defluxion which comes of flegm you may use strong Resolvers not only in the declination but also in the state and encrease of the Disease very confidently Moreover In the declination Authors do set down two special Remedies namely The use of Wine and Baths which first were delivered by Hippocrates Aph. 31. Sect. 6. in these words Drinking of Wine or Baths or a Fomentation or Blood-letting or a Potion do take away pains in the Eyes Galen in his Commentary thereon distinguisheth the Case and the Time in which these Remedies are good which we have explained as to Blood-letting Fomentations and Purging But Galen in the place cited cap. 22. lib. 13. meth teacheth that Baths are then good when an Ophthalmy 〈…〉 of sharp humors and when the body is sufficiently clensed by purging and bleeding because they qualifie the sharpness of humors and stayes their motion and defluxion the chiefest part 〈◊〉 them being sent forth by insensible transpiration and that which remaineth of the Chollerick huâ—mor is easilier overcome by nature Galen also commends a Bath in a Flegmatick Ophthalmy alwayes using before Evacuations necessary because the thick humors fastened in the Eyes are extenuated by Baths and so are easily discussed So Galen in the same place saith That the drinking of pure Wine is good for those who have thick blood in the veins of their eyes and have not gross or phlegmatick bodies because Wine doth dissolve diffuse and discuss the thick blood and also openeth obstructions For the taking away of the remainder of Redness and Inflamation make this Fomentation following Take of the Leaves of Eyebright and Pennyroyal of each one handful the Flowers of Chamomel Melilot and red Roses and of Oaten chaff of each one pugil Foenugreek-seed three drams Fennel-seed one dram make a Decoction adding in the end a little white Wine foment the Eye with this dipping therein linnen Cloaths or with bags being half filled with the aforesaid ingredients Fennel watter alone mixed with astringent wine is a good Fomentation to discuss the reliques and to strengthen the eyes An Egg boyled hard and the shel taken off and cut in the middle laid hot to the eye takes away the remainder of redness So doth a Fomentation made only of the Decoction of Hysop An old Ophthalmy requires another and longer way of Cure and is somtimes very troublesom to a Physitian because he can hardly hinder a delicate and noble part from receiving a defluxion by which it hath been long weakned Moreover This Disease is not only nourished by defluxion but by congestion whereby there is destemper brought into the part which also is hard to cure But for the Cure of it you must first observe whether the Disease come not from a hot Distemper of the Liver as often it doth and then you must first administer such things as amend that And chiefly after convenient Purging and Bleeding Baths are good Whey and Mineral waters of Vitriol as also Horsleeches applyed to the Hemorrhoids But if the matter of the Disease come only from the distemper of the Brain through which watery Humors flow to the eyes being mixed with some blood then you must fal to purging the head with ordinary Pills twice thrice or four times in a month after you have given universal Medicines as Apozemes or the like which you may make according to our description in the cure of cold Diseases of the Head If the aforesaid Purges with other Medicines now prescribed do not prevail you must use Mercurial Purges as the most excellent by way of intermission Moreover a Cautery applied to the hinder part of the head is very profitable to divert the humor flowing Instead whereof you may apply a Seton to the Neck behind with better success to them who can endure it A Vesicatory applied to the fore-part of the Head as Forestus reports Obs 11. lib. 11. did a wonderful cure upon an Old Woman with sore eyes But Rondoletius sayes That a Cautery applied to the Coronal Suture is better than to any other part Masticatories are profitable for the deriving of the Defluxion but not Errhins because they are applied so neer the part affected that they may draw humors to it But if the Brain doth seem to want drying you must have recourse to your sweating diet drink of China Saria and the like To these you may ad Topicks which resolve and strengthen the eyes such as are Fomentations and Unguents before mentioned for the state and declination of the Disease which also are excellent for old Ophthalmies nor must you forget the washing of the eyes as above mentioned with Fennel-water and red Wine to take away the remainder of the redness and to strengthen the eyes every morning For which purpose also Take of the best Aloes and of Tutty prepared of each six drams white Sugar one ounce rose-Rose-water and mild white wine of each six ounces set them in the Sun fourty dayes in a glass well stopt put some drops of this water not strained into the Eyes Or Take of white Wine three pints Rose-water half a pint Tutty prepared three drams poudered Cloves one dram Camphire half a dram mix them in a glass close stopt and shake them for two hours and set in the Sun one whole month remembering every day a little before Sun-setting to take it out of the air and never bring it forth till the Sun is risen two or three drops of this water strained by filtration must be put into the Eye before he go to sleep or in the morning one or two hours before he rise This takes away the oldest redness it dryes up weeping and Fistulaes it consumes al superfluous moistures upon the outward membranes and quickens the sight This also following is excellent Take of Wheat two handful poudered Salt one handful put them in a Copper Vessel and put white Wine to them two fingers breadth above them cover the Vessel and let them stand in the shade six or seven dayes till the liquor turneth green stirring them often with a wooden Spatula after pour off
there comes a roughness or inequality in the part which while the Nourishing Faculty labors to make equal it fills with blood and begets a preternatural encrease or covereth it with a Skin And because many Excrements do use to flow to an Eye disordered therefore the Haw is not bred of pure Blood but of many Excrements also whence arise many sorts of Haws Because Some are Hard others Soft some White some Red some Yellow some Brown others are easily separated from the Adnata and Cornea others stick fast some are simple and without Malignity others are Cancerous and filthy The Diagnosis or Knowledge of this Disease is known by what is said also the Causes namely The Humors of which it is made may be known by their Colour for a Red Haw comes of pure Blood a Yellow of Choller a White of Flegm a Dark and Black one of Melancholly As to the Prognostick This Disease is scarcely to be Cured and that in a long time because sharp Medicines which are proper for to eate it away cannot be used but by degrees by reason of the exquisite sense of the Eyes If the Eye Affected grow smaller it is an evil sign for it argueth the Debility of the part A new Haw and smal may be Cured with Medicines but an over-grown old and one covering the black of the Eye cannot but by Chirurgery A Haw which is thick turn'd out stretcht forth hard and black cannot be Cured for it is of a Cancerous nature The Cure is to be by the Antecedent and Conjunct Cause In respect of the Antecedent first good Diet is to be enjoyned such as is mentioned in other Diseases of the Eyes from Fluxes Also the afore-mentioned Evacuations and Revulsions may here be used namely Purgations Bleeding Cupping Vesicatories and the like And when the Body is sufficiently Purged we must come to Topicks which may Consume the Haw Beginning first with Mild such as were they which we spake of in Curing of the Spots in the Eye called Phlyctaenae which not prevailing we must use stronger which are frequent in Authors Forestus commends this following Take of the juyce of Fennel four ounces the juyce of Celandine three ounces the juyce of Rue two ounces the juyce of Mallows two ounces and an half Aloes one dram Vitriol two scruples Verdugreese one scruple Ginger and Cinamon of each half a scruple the Gall of an Eel half an ounce the Gall of an Ox or Hog two drams Sugar Candy two scruples Let the juyces boyl with the rest and then clarifie it and make a Collyrium This also is by him Commended Take of Blood-stone two drams white Vitriol and Verdegreece calcined of each three drams Myrrh and Saffron of each one dram Long Pepper half a dram Sugar Candy half an ounce Pouder them very fine and mix with one dram of this Pouder two drams of radish-Radish-water and apply twice or thrice in a day as the Patient can endure it Before you use these Remedies you must Foment the part with an Emollient Decoction which you must do also afterwards to asswage the pain Among the Mildest this following is best Take of Cuttle Bone one scruple Sugar Candy one dram Vitriol half a scruple Tutty Prepared half a Dram Mix them and make a fine Pouder to lay upon the Haw If it cannot be taken off with these Topicks you must fall to Chirurgery and taking up the Vngula with a Hook at the bottom or root draw a double Thred through it with a Needle then laying it down close on both sides beneath cut it off with your Cissours as is more at large shewed by Celsus Paulus Aetius Jerom ab Aquapendente in their Chirurgery and by others Having made Incision lay on a little Lint dipped in Rose-water and the white of an Egg to asswage pain and hinder Inflamation And Lastly you may Heal it up with drying Medicines as Collyriums of Tutty Frankinsence Aloes the white Troches of Rhasis and the like The End of the Second Book THE THIRD BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Ears The PREFACE THe Ears as Galen sheweth in 1. de symp caus cap. 2. have divers Diseases similary organick and common which because they are not to be known but by their Symptomes I determine to reduce them into a Series of Symptomes The symptoms in the Ears either are such as come from the Action hurt or the fault of the Excrements The Action is hurt either in the Ear alone or in all instruments of Sence The Action proper to the Ear namely Hearing is hurt by being abolished or diminished and depraved It is abolished by Deafness diminished by thickness of Hearing depraved by a noise in the Ears The Action common to all the Instruments of Sence is Feeling by which they are subject to pain The fault in the Excrement is seen by all those things which come preternatur ally out of the Ear. So this whol Book hath four Chapters The first is of Deafness and thick Hearing The second of noise in the Ears The third of pain in the Ears The fourth of those things which preternaturally come forth of the Ears Chap. 1. Of Deafness and thick or dull Hearing WEE comprehend Deafness and thick Hearing in one Chapter because they come of the same Causes differing only in Degrees so that when they are great they take the Hearing quite away when less they diminish it And both these are called vulgarly Deafness for they who cannot hear any but such as speak very loud are called deaf folk But Surditas properly or Deafness is called in Greek Cophosis when the Hearing is totally gone so that the Patient either heareth no noise or if he do he cannot distinguish it These are often dumb if they are born so not only because men learn to speak by Hearing but by reason of the great consent that is between the Instruments of Hearing and Speaking by the Nerve of the fifth Conjugation whose chief Branches are brought to the Ears but some of them reach to the Tongue and Throat whence â—â— is that when the inner Ear is pulled there is a cough raised and the reason is plain for they who are born deaf if they had their Instruments of Speech corrupted would by a Natural instinct send forth some Articulate voyce as other Creatures although they are kept from their birth from other Creatures of the same kind so that they never hear them yet they produce their connatural voyce but men born deaf never sent forth an articulate voyce but only a confused sound which argueth a manifest hurt of those parts which serve for Speech Now the hurt of those parts is chiefly from humidity which affecting that Nerve which goeth to the Ears Tongue and Throat must needs hinder both Speech and Hearing Thick Hearing is called in Greek Baruecoia and they who are so hear difficultly and understand not what men say except they speak very loud Others cannot hear so wel and not
a hot Catarrh If from a cold Cause you must take that course which is prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain but you must strengthen the Teeth with the Medicines in the Chapter following Chap. 2. Of the blackness and rottenness of the Teeth MAny times the Teeth do contract a black livid or yellow color from the evil Humors cleaving unto them which by long continuance do also corrode them and make them rotten and these Diseases come from filthy vapors that fly upwards and are engendered of evil nourishment or from the distemper of the stomach which corrupteth good nourishment Quick-silver doth black the Teeth whether it be used to the whol Body as in the Pox or only to the Face Hence it is that women which use Mercury to make them fair have black and ill color'd Teeth For the Cure you must first remove the antecedent Cause and if it comes from evil humors in the stomach they must be discharged and the distemper of the parts which produce them must be corrected and a good diet prescribed and those things forbidden which do corrupt the teeth especially sweet things Infinite Medicines are prescribed by Authors for making teeth white which may be experienced We are contented with one which presently makes them white clenseth them and keeps them from rotting namely the spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol in which you must dip a little stick and rub the teeth with the end thereof and then wipe them with a clout In a great foulness you may use the Oyls by themselves otherwise you must mix them with Honey of Roses or fair Water lest by the often use of them the Gums should be corroded Montanus consil 113. reports that he learned that at Rome of a Woman called Greek Mary to whom when he came when he was yong and she twenty yeers old and after when she was fifty he found her almost in the same condition and she confessed that her Beauty and strength was preserved by the Spirit of Vitriol and that her Teeth which were very bad in her youth were by that made very fair and firm and also her Gums and also that she perceived her self by the use thereof to seem more youthful and she used every day one drop or two to rub gently her Teeth and Gums The Ashes of Tobacco is very good also to clense and make white the Teeth For prevention and to preserve the Teeth first clense them with a Tooth-picker made of Mastich Wood or the like then wash the mouth with Wine and rub the Teeth with this Pouder Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Allum and white Coral of each one ounce Make a Pouder to rub the Teeth Or wash them with this Water Take of the fine Pouder of burnt Allum two drams whol Cinnamon half a dram Spring and Rose Water of each four ounces boyl them in a Glass upon hot Embers to the consuming of the third part Wash the Teeth therewith every morning with a cloth dipped therein Chap. 3. Of the Erosion or eating away and of the Exulceration of the Gums THe Gums are eaten away and exulcerated by sharp corroding humors which come unto them The parts from whence they come are the Brain Stomach Spleen and others Men that have Diseases in the Spleen are most subject to Ulcers in the Gums as in the Scurvy somtimes the erosion of the Gums comes from worms or the corrupt humors which cause worms so that it is a plain sign of worms when it continueth long So saith Fabricius Hildanus Obs 59. Centur. 1. the Son of a Citizen of Dusseldorp was long troubled with erosion of the Gums and died after the use of many internal Medicines and Topicks when he was opened we found abundance of worms which had eaten through his Guts and many in his Stomach The Cure is first to be directed to the antecedent cause and the vicious humors are to be evacuated by blood-letting and purging the sharp and hot humors are to be tempered with Apozemes Juleps and Physical Broths and the like The flux of the same is to be diverted by Cupping-glasses and Cauteries fitly applied And lastly the faults of the parts affected are to be corrected Afterwards you must use Topicks which are to be altered according to the greatness of the disease so that to a simple Erosion you must apply only those which astringe and dry as this Water following Take of unripe Galls Acorn Cups and Flowers of Pomegranates of each one ounce red Roses one pugil Allum three drams boyl them in two parts of forge-Forge-water and one part of old red Wine and wash the Gums often therewith If the Erosion be not taken away with that use this Opiate Take of Dragons blood three drams Lignum Aloes red Roses Spodium and burnt Harts-horn and Cypress nuts of each one dram Mirrh and Tobacco Ashes of each three scruples Allum one dram Make them into Pouder and mix them with Honey and a few drops of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur Make an Opiate which must be spread upon linnen cloth and laid to the Gums at night The Spirit of Vitriol and Sulphur as they clense and whiten the Teeth so they take away the rottenness of the Gums either alone or mixed with Honey of Roses or Water as in the former Chapter If the Ulcer be deep and foul anoint with this Take of choyce Mirrh and Sugar-candy of each equal parts pouder them and fill the white of an hard Egg cut in the midst therewith then tie it with a thrid and hang it in a Wine-Celler with a glass under it and there will come forth a Liquor or Balsom with which anoint often But if by the use of the aforesaid the disease be not cured if the Tooth neer the Ulcer be rotten you must pull it out and then it will be presently cured otherwise never Chap. 4. Of bleeding at the Gums SOmtimes abundance of blood flows from the Gums either Critically or Symptomatically although the former be very seldom yet it is somtimes so we may see by Experience and by reading So saith Dodonaeus Obs 14. A certain Quarrier having the smal Pox had a flux of blood from his Gums and being stopt it made the Urine bloody which being stopt it returned again to the Gums and there continued till he recovered of the smal Pox. Amatus Lucitanus Curat 5. Centur. 5. saies that some have had benefit by bleeding at the Gums and have been worse when it was stopped Also Zacutus Lucitanus obs 86. lib. 1. Praxis admir speaks of a Goldsmith who when he fell into a Feaver by laboring at the Furnace being of a strong constitution lost much blood by opening a Vein and amended so that the seventh day having had an itching of his Gums and a pain in the lower Lip the blood gushed from the Veins of his lower Gums for three daies in such a quantity that he lost above five pints more and the more he bled the more
Sugar doth help the Asthma But the Juyce of Red Coleworts with Sugar of Roses or Syrup of Coltsfoot taken in form of a Julep for many dayes is better The Spirit of Sulphur doth dissolve slymy Flegm and open the Bronchia if four or five drops are taken in Broth or convenient Syrup Turpentine is much Commended for this use given often to two or three drams with the Oyl of sweet Almonds or Conserve of Violets or you may make it into the form of an Opiate thus Take of Turpentine well washed in Clotsfoot Water one pound fat Figgs half a pound Penides four ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce mix them into an Opiate Saffron in Sawce is good for the Breast also a Junkeâ— made of Mustard seed and Honey doth expectorate Oxymel also with Agarick taken two spoonfuls in a morning doth purge the Lungs The flower of Brimstone made into Pills with fresh Butter given three daies together to one scruple doth much help the Asthma Lac Sulphuris doth the same better in â—ight grains which is the greatest dose Also these Tablets following are excellent Take of the pulp of Marsh-mallow roots and of the greater Comphry of each two ounces flower of Brimstone two drams the flower of Benjamin half a dram Sugar dissolved in white Lilly Water eight ounces make Tablets which let the Patient hold often in his mouth The Decoction of an old Cock is commended and it is thus made Take of the Roots of Elicampane and Flower deluce of each half an ounce Hysop and Horehound dried of each six drams Carthamus seeds one ounce Annis and Dill seed of each two drams Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each three drams the pouder of Fox Lungs prepared two drams Beat them and fill the belly of an old Cock therewith then boyl him in fifteen pints of Water till his flesh comes from his bones After it is well strained set it in a cold place that the thickest may settle and the thin may be taken off of which let the Patient take six ounces with one ounce of Oxymel simple If you will make it purging you may ad two or three drams of Senna for every dose or half an ounce of Manna Or if you will have it stronger you may somtimes put in some Electuary that purgeth flegm Platerus prefers the following Preparation of a Cock before the rest Take an old Cock kill him pull him and draw him stuff him with these things following Fox Lungs fresh or prepared and dried one ounce Raisons stoned and Figs of each two ounces Elicampane one dram Hysop Savory Horehound Thyme Calaminth Penyroyal dried of each one dram Fennel and Annis seed of each one dram Carthamus seeds bruised and Polypody of each half an ounce white Tartar one dram Salt half an ounce two yolks of Eggs fresh Butter half an ounce Cut them and bruise them and sew them into the Cock boyl him till his flesh comes from his bones in a large vessel with so much Water as you may need to ad no more then strain it and put to ten pints one pound of pure Honey that it may not quickly corrupt Let him take a Porrenger full every morning in which let him dissolve Manna and new drawn Cassia of each half an ounce continuing it for a month and longer which will be the better if presently after he take a dram of Turpentine with Penides in form of a Bolus or otherwise Ludovicus Septalius in his Practical Observations condemneth these Cock-broths as unprofitable or hurtful His Reasons are Because they do not answer Experience and have been used in vain by him and other Physitians of Millane For by long boyling the nitrous parts by which those Broths are thought most to profit do settle and are lost in the straining but the slimy glutinous thick and fatty from the skin feet wings musculous and nervous parts do remain Hence the matter is made thicker and less fit to be expectorated But Septalius his Experience must not be preferred before so many famous Physitians Experience both old and modern For if it did not profit some which he and others have cured many other things might hinder as namely the evil disposition of the Patient and contumacy of the disease or other things not well ordered which concerned the Cure or the Medicine it self not well made And whereas he saith that the nitrous parts do fall to the bottom by long boyling and are lost in the straining it is ridiculous for only the Earthy parts do settle but the nitrous part once taken into the liquor is never separated Hence it is that the longer you boyl Broth the Salter it is But this Salt doth cut extenuate and open it is so far from incrassating being salt Neither hath the flesh or other parts of a Cock such a glutinous substance as he imagineth as you may find in Neats feet or Calves feet but rather an attenuating quality because it is full of nitrous substance And if purging and altering Medicines be made according to the Precepts of Pharmacy and Art they do leave all their strength in the Decoction because dayly Experience teacheth us that such Broth of an old Cock doth purge And if we may oppose our Experience to that of Septalius we can truly say that we have found admirable effects of these Broths in violent Asthmaes and Chollicks But this we use to alter in these Broths We give many draughts in a day lest it should be spoiled by keeping But this is the Example of what we prescribe in this disease Take of the Roots of Elicampane and Flowerdeluce of each one dram and an half Hysop and Coltsfoot of each one handful Liquoris and Raisons stoned three drams fat Figs four Senna three drams Polipody of the Oak and Carthamus seeds bruised of each half an ounce Annis seeds one dram and an half Boyl them with the third or fourth part of an old Cock make a Broth for twelve or fifteen daies By this Purging Wine following Platerus cured a Woman of a Dyspnoea inclining to a Dropsie Take of Flower-de-luce-Roots one ounce Elicampane and Squills prepared of each half an ounce Horehound one handful Elder Bark and Danewort of each one dram Senna one ounce and an half Agarick two drams Ginger one dram shake them well together and ad of Wine four pints boyl them a little she drank hereof six dayes together when she went to Bed the Dyspnaea ceased the Tumor vanished and she was finely Cured But we must observe that we repeat Purging often in this Disease under divers formes lest nature should be used too much to one Medicine So Clensing Cutting and Expectorating Medicines and the rest are to be alterated for the same reason Chap. 2. Of Pleuritis or a Pleurisie APleurisie is either True or Spurious called a Bastard Pleurisie A True Pleurisie is the Inflamation of the Membrane that goeth about the Ribs of the internal intercostal Muscles But a Bastard Pleurisie is the Inflamation
at some distance apply often those Cupping-glasses to the Hypochondria or under the Ribs And let him take the following Julep thrice every day Take of Plantane and Poppy Water of each two ounces Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Lapis Prunellae one dram Mix them for a Julep Lastly You must often purge the serous and Chollerick humors which make the blood more thin and fluid with Medicines that have an astringent Vertue As Take of Rhubarb one dram yellow Myrobolans half a dram Tamarinds half an ounce Infuse them in Plantane Water strain it and dissolve in it Pouder of Rhubarb half a dram Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Make a Potion Then give Medicines that close the Orifices of the Vessels by an astringent quality but such as will not retain the blood in the Breast by too much astriction therefore mix somtimes with them such as dissolve and expectorate the congealed blood which is out of the Vessels Of all which these following are the best Take of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata both sorts of Coral Blood-stone of each half a dram Sugar of Roses half an ounce With one white of an Egg well beaten with Rose Water make a Lohoch Or you may make one more speedily and more pleasant thus Take of the Water of the white of an Egg well beaten two drams Sugar of Roses one ounce white Starch three drams Mix them for a Lohoch Or Take of Conserve of Roses and the greater Comfry of each one ounce Bole-Armenick and Terra Sigillata of each one dram With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate to be often held in the mouth and swallowed by degrees Take of Conserve of dried Roses Troches of Amber and of sealed Earth of each half a dram prepared Pearls one scruple Sugar of Roses as much as of all the rest Mix them and let him take a spoonful thereof one hour before meat Take of the Juyce of Purslain twelve ounces Sugar eight ounces Boyl them to a Syrup of which let him often lick This is the best for spitting of blood And if you want Purslain you may take Plantane The Syrup of Comfry according to Fernelius prescribed by Bauderon is good for the same Take of Yarrow with the white Flower and yellow Flower of each two handfuls Green Roots of Tormentil with the Leaves if they may be had otherwise of the dry one ounce the greater Burnet one handful Conserve of red Roses half a pound spring Water sixteen pints put them in a glassed pot covered and luted that the vapors may not come forth then boyl them in Balneo Mariae sixteen hours keep the straining in a glass and take six ounces thereof every morning noon and night Take of the Troches of Amber one dram Plantane and Rose Water of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Mirtles and dried Roses of each half an ounce Mix them for a Julep Take of Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple Plantane Water four ounces Mix them for a Potion This presently stops blood coming either by Cough or Vomiting Two spoonfuls of Syrup of Coral taken every day is good against all manner of bleeding But the Tincture of Coral drawn with Juyce of Lemmons is more powerful Quercetan in his Dispensatory prescribeth this following Water against spitting of blood which is very excellent Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Comfry and Tormentil of each one ounce Knotgrass Yarrow Veronica Winter-Green Sanicle Shepheards-purse with the Roots of each one handful Bramble tops and Mastich wood of each half a handful Sumach and Myrtle berries the seeds of Plantane Barberries and white Poppies of each six drams the flowers of Water Lillies Guords Quinces and red Roses of each two pugils Bruise them and mix them then steep them four daies at the fire in the Juyces of Plantane Purslain Sorrel and Agrimony of each two pints then strain them well and put to them Acacia and Hypocistis or Conserve of sloes of each two ounces sealed Earth Bole-Armenick of each half an ounce the Electuary of Diatragacanth frigid two drams then macerate them again four daies and distill them Take two or three spoonfuls of this Water alone or with some proper Syrup The Chymical Oyl of Amber doth pierce astringe and dry powerfully if you give two drops thereof in Plantane Water As Cesalpinus teacheth in his Speculum Artis Medicae Mercurialis in his consultations doth highly commâ—nd the seeds of white Poppies or white Heâ—ane to be tak en every morning in the quantity of a dram with Sugar of Roses and Syrup of Purâ—â—ane So you may also use the white Diacodium or Syrup of Poppies prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy Amatus Lucitanus doth highly commend the Juyce of Nettles in these words They which have vomited blood after they have been given over by Physitians have been cured only by the juyce of Nettles drunk five or six daies fasting in the quantity of four ounces and by Nettle Broth. Sanguis Draconis doth wonderfully conglutinate all inward Veins if you give half a dram thereof with Plantane Water or other proper Liquor or Medicine The usual Pills to hold under the Tongue may be made thus Take of the Mucilage of Gum Arabick and Tragacanth drawn with Plantane Water of each two drams Mummy and Mastich of each one dram Sugar of Roses as much as will make Pills of which let him hold one continually in his mouth And take this following Pouder in his Broths Take of red Coral and prepared Pearl of each half a dram Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each two drams Make a Pouder Or boyl white Poppy seeds and Sumach tied in a clout in his Broth. Narcoticks are good in this case and you must use them thus Take of Syrup of Poppies Jujubes and dried Roses of each one ounce Mix them and take a spoonful every night Or Take of Syrup of Poppies and Purslain of each three drams Terra Sigillata half a dram Purslain and Plantane Water of each one ounce and an half Make a Potion to be taken at night Or Take of Syrup of Myrtles and Poppies of each one ounce Bole-Armenick half a dram mix them to be taken at night Somtimes you may give Treacle of four months old as Galen teacheth 5. Method cap. 13. or Philonium Romanum or Laudanum Platerus reports that he cured one only with the Troches of Winter Cherries with Opium dissolved in Goats milk taken some daies and also that he cured a Woman with one ounce and an half of Manna given in Broth and with blood and the use of the Tablets following morning and evening for many daies Take of the Seeds of white Henbane poudered finely two scruples red Coral half a dram Gum Arabick one scruple new Violets ten the Juyce of Barberries two drams Sugar dissolved in Rose and Plantane Water two ounces Make Tablets Trallianus lib. 7. cap. 1. doth highly commend the Blood-stone by which he saith that he cured many giving it to four scruples with
work in the Sun for so it will be done in forty daies otherwise it will be longer but you must keep the Vessel alwaies full and open that it may froath over therefore you must make more Hydromel than the Vessel will contain and if the disease require it you may use it fresh before it worketh till you make another in the Vessel and you may make this quantity twice or thrice at once because it must be taken divers months together Let him take a good draught hereof twice or thrice in a day This following Syrup is made more easily and hath great Vertue Take of the Juyce of Ground Ivy Veronica and Carduus Benedictus refined of each eight ounces in which boyl gently Maiden-hair Politrice Scabious and Lettice of each half a handful Dissolve in the strained Liquor one pound and an half of white Sugar Make a Syrup well boyled adding in the end three drams of the Extract of Juniper Juyce of Liquoris and the Extract of Carduus of each four scruples Let the Patient take one spoonful an hour before dinner and another before supper and another at bed-time Cardanus saith that he cured many Consumptions with this course following namely by giving no other nourishment than Barley Broth made without Flesh and Water with Sugar and every morning four ounces of the Decoction of the Tails and Legs of Cray-fish made in Barley Water with two drams of Sugar Arcaeus Ingrassias Fracastorius and Erastus say with admiration That they have cured many Consumptions by the use only of Guajacum for a long time continued yet this in respect of the antecedent cause which is a hot and sharp humor seems to be an enemy Avenzoar reports that his Grand-father cured a Consumption with well leavened Bread and Sallet Oyl and also that he did the same This Pouder following is highly commended by Valescus de Taranta and it is reported to be invented by Haly Abbas and he saith that he cured one with it And Forestus saith that he cured his Brother with the same Take of white Poppy-seeds ten drams Gum Arabick Starch and Gum Tragacanth of each three drams Purslain-seed and Mallows-seeds of each five drams Pompion Melons Cowcumbers Gourds and Quince seeds of each six drams Spodium and Juyce of Liquoris of each three drams Penides the weight of all the rest make a Pouder give every morning two drams thereof with the Syrup of Poppies or Jujubes Let him also take it in Barley Cream ar Almond Milk and with other meats Cappivaccius and Claudinus do approve of Oyl of Vitriol to dry the Ulcer giving two or three drops with rose-Rose-water or Juyce of Plantane with a little sugar Crollius also commends the Elixir Proprietatis which is made of the Spirit of Sulphur with the Spirit of Wine Myrrh Aloes and Saffron The Chymists do highly commend the Medicines made of Brimstone as the Flower Milk and Balsom thereof as you may read in their Books You may use them thus very wel Take of the Flower of Brimstone and Pouder of Frankinsence of each one scruple put them into a hollow Apple then roast it and let the Patient eat it with sugar every morning for eight or ten dayes together Or Take of Conserve of old Roses Diamargariton frigid and Diapenidion of each one ounce Flower of Brimstone three drams make it up with clarified Honey of which let him take the quantity of an Hazel-nut twice or thrice in a day Or Take of Flor. Sulphuris three drams Sugar dissolved in rose-Rose-water three ounces make Lozenges which let him hold in his mouth often Or Take of Lac. Sulphuris half a dram Magistery of Pearl and Coral of each half a scruple the Emulsion of Melon-seeds made with Coltsfoot or veronica-Veronica-water two ounces the Julep of Roses six drams cinnamon-Cinnamon-water and Manus Christi with Pearl of each two drams Mix them and let him take two or three spoonful every morning Some Chymists commend Antimonium Diaphoreticum wel Calcined with thrice as much Salt-peter so that al the vomiting quality be gone which must be given every day in Lozenges made with Sugar of Roses or mixed with Conserve of Roses or with the Medicines above mentioned The Balsom of Peru is good to heal Ulcers in the Lungs if you give one drop made into a Pill with Sugar every day The Pouder of Burnet one dram given every day in Broth is esteemed excellent Ruffi Pills are commended by some taken one scruple every day but made as followeth they do wonders Take of the Mass of Ruffi-pills one ounce Antimonium Diaphoreticum and Gum of Guajacum of each half an ounce Make a Mass with the Balsom of Peru of this let him take one scruple every day for one Month. The Syrup of Coral and Gelly of Quinces are good for the same Rodericus out of Fonseca commends the Decoction of yellow Saunders for a good Medicine against Defluxions upon the Lungs which he prepareth thus Take of Succory and Sorrel Water of each four pints yellow Saunders sliced three ounces infuse them one day then boyl them in Balneo Mariae in a close Vessel three hours take three ounces of this every morning in Beer for fourty dayes together Also al the Medicines which we mentioned for the Cure of Spetting blood are here very good Fumigations may be wel used to dry the Ulcer of the Lungs very wel and they must be often taken in at the Mouth and Nose You may make them thus Take of the Gum of Ivy one dram and an half Frankinsence one dram Myrrh half a dram Amber one scruple Benoimin and Storax of each half a dram Hypocistis two scruples Coriander seeds red Roses and red Saunders of each one scruple Pouder them and mix them with the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make Troches and cast them upon Coals Or Make plain Fumes of Frankinsence Myrrh Mastich and Benjamin alwayes in the Chamber that he may take in the dry and sweet scent of them You may make a stronger Fumigation but it is not to be used but in strong bodies Thus Take of Gum Anime or Gum of Guajacum two drams Tobacco half an ounce dry Coltsfoot one ounce Hysop white Horehound Rosemary and Orpiment of each three drams make a Pouder put a little thereof into a Tobacco-pipe take of it twice a day fasting and half an hour after a draâ—ght of this Decoction Take of China and Sarsa of each half an ounce Scabious Coltsfoot and ground Ivy Vlmaria Maiden-hair and Avens Leaves and Roots of each one handful whol Barley one pugil Liquoris scrap'd and Currens of each one ounce boyl them to two pints and put to it being strained four ounces of sugar of Roses Let him take half a pint twice in a day as aforesaid For the Rich People you may use a moist Fumigation made of the Decoction of Herbs which is a good way to carry the strength of them directly to the Lungs You may use al such Herbs as are proper for
the Lungs and to Cure Ulcers Take this following for an Example Take of green Coltsfoot eight handfuls Hysop two handfuls bruise them and put them in a Pot with a little water lute it close then set it into the Oven when the Bread is half baked and then take it out with the Bread and put a Funnel into a hole made at the top and so take in the smoak through the mouth at the Lungs and put it out at the Nose and it wonderfully provokes spetting You must also Morning and Evening use a Cooling Liniment to the Breast As Take of Gum Tragacanth and Arabick of each one dram infuse them in Rose water a day and a night put then thereto of Oyl of Violets one ounce and an half Fresh Butter half an ounce Sal. Prunellae two drams Camphire one scruple Breast-milk as much as will serve Mix them in a Mortar to an Oyntment To Repair a Consumption or to Prevent or Hinder it besides Restoring Diets which are principally made of Barley Almonds Pine-nuts Rice Nuts and the like which Authors declare Milk commended at first is very good and a Bath of hot Water of Barley and Almonds bruised but this is not good in a Catarrh nor while there is a putrid Feaver nor when the Lungs are ful of Excrements Let his Drink be Water and Sugar Barley Water and Liquoris an Infusion of Liquoris a thin Hydromel or a weak Decoction of China The End of the Seventh Book THE EIGHTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Heart The PREFACE THE Heart hath many Diseases Similary Organick and Common But because few will submit to the Physitian in regard of the nobleness of the part which will endure long pain but a man is suddenly gone and there is no time for Physick we who intend to bring all our Labors into practice will lay down only three Diseases of the Heart which are usual and require many Medicines and we shall bring them into three Chapters The first shall be of Swooning The second of Palpitation of the Heart And the third of Weakness Chap. 1. Of Syncope or Swooning Syncope is defined by Galen 12. meth c. 5. to be a sudden failing of all the Strength For although the Heart only suffer and the Vital Spirits are only intercepted yet when it fails the rest must suffer because they have a continual and necessary influence from it It is called a sudden failing of all the Strength that it may be distinguished from other Diseases in which the strength goes by degrees till death come nor is the Doctrine of Avicen against it Fen. 1. Lib. 3. Tract 2. Cap. 2. where he propounds the sign of a Syncope that comes by degrees for although the Causes that dissolve the Spirits do somtimes work by degrees yet when they grow great they make a sudden Syncope and therefore Avicen rather propoundeth the signs that go before a Syncope than those that accompany it Moreover This Definition may seem to agree with an Apoplexy in which there is a sudden failing of all the strength but in an Apoplexy there is strength in the Heart and the Pulse is generally great and full And also there is great hinderance of breath with snorting but in a Syncope the breath is no waies stopped The question is Why When the action of the heart ceaseth doth the action of the Brain also cease since the Animal Spirit is made of the Vital by way of Concoction and must therefore stay some time in the Brain although the Vital do not constantly come to it We answer That the Brain as all other parts for the perfecting of its actions doth alwaies stand in need of adventitious heat which is brought to it by the Vital Spirits and therefore when the Vital Spirits come not neither doth heat come for the Brain to perform its functions There are other Diseases very like to Syncope differing only in degrees from it namely Eclusis Leipothumia and Asphuxia Eclusis is a light fainting Leipothumia or Leipopsuchia or Apopsuchia is a very strong and great fainting Syncope is the greatest which if it go so far that the pulse in the whol Body ceaseth to beat it is called Asphyxia which is next unto death The word Synchope was not used by Hippocrates and the Ancient Greeks but they call'd this Disease Leipothymia Lipopsychia and Asphyxia But it was invented a little before Galens time and used for the greatest so Galen 1. ad Glauc cap. 14. saith Leipothymia is an imperfect Syncope and goes before it By what hath been said it appears that the part affected is the Heart where the Vital Spirits are all made by whose influence the Natural heat and Spirits in every part are made to act therefore when that ceaseth by stoppage of the Influx of the Vital Spirits it is necessary that the strength of all parts should fail and their actions cease The immediate Cause of this Disease is the defect of the Vital Spirits not wholly for then sudden death would come but so great that Nature is constrained lest the strength of the Heart should totally fail to fetch the Spirits from the other parts to the Heart by which means the parts lose their functions Now this defect of Spirits comes four waies Either because they are Naturally few or because they are dissipated and spent or because they are preternaturally altered and corrupted or lastly because they are suffocated and destroyed They are few by fault of the faculty making or matter from which they are made The Faculty is hurt either by a disease proper to the Heart or by consent from another part The proper Diseases of the Heart which are the chief are great distempers which overthrow the Natural temper or destroy the substance of the parts or of the Natural heat as swooning Feavers sharp and malignant Syntacticae or Colliquantes or fainting pestilential hectical or Marasmodes which consume to this come organical diseases as too much constriction and dilatation and constant solutions which come to the Ventricles of the Heart The Faculty may be hurt by consent from other parts which have great sympathy with the Heart as the Brain and Liver and somtimes from the mouth of the Stomach by reason of its neerness and exquisite sence from whence a Syncope is divided into a Heart and Stomach Syncope The Cardiaca or Heart Syncope is when the Heart is principally affected but the Stomachia or Stomach Syncope is that which comes by consent from the Stomach Somtimes it comes from the Mother by filthy vapors sent from thence to the Heart from whence comes the Suffocation of the Matrix Apnoea or want of breath and Hysterical Syncopes as those vapors do assault the Lungs Diaphragma or the Heart The fault is in the Matter when the Air or Blood is defective or corrupted from whence the Vital Spirits are generated There is defect of Air when the Respiration and Transpiration is hindered but the defect of
alwaies offended Hence comes weak motion without hurt of the Brain Nerves or Muscles but from the defect of Vital Spirits which are not so sufficiently sent to the Head that they may be made Animal The immediate Cause of Weakness is Defect of the natural heat and spirits from which the life and strength of the parts do depend And this Defect is in every part from the Defect of Vital Spirits and heat flowing from the heart Now the Vital Spirits are Defective either because they are not bred many or because they are dissipated after they are Bred or Corrupted or Suffocated as we said in a Syncope where there is this difference That in a Syncope the Causes of Defect of Spirits do suddenly produce their effect but in Weakness they operate by degrees And therefore in Syncopes and Leipothymia al the Vital Spirits almost do suddenly fail but in this there are fewer then ought to be communicated to every part Moreover When the Natural heat wants not only adventitious heat but also radical moisture to feed upon if this moisture be wanting and diminished the natural heat must be less and the strength abated Now the Causes which hinder the spirits from being Generated or maketh them disperse themselves or Corrupt or Suffocate them are propounded in the Treatise of a Syncope The Diagnosis of this Disease needs no Explication because it is manifest and the Patients do complain of their Weakness But the signs of the Causes were Propounded in the Syncope The Prognostick depends upon the various disposition of Causes for as they are greater or less there is more or less danger The Cure of this Disease is to be directed to two things To the taking away of the Cause and the Restauration of the Heart and vital spirits The Causes are almost al great Diseases in which either Nature yeilds to or resisteth with difficulty therefore the taking away of the Cause belongs to the Cure of almost al Diseases which you must take from their proper Chapters But the strengthning of the Heart and restoring of the vital spirits are to be here declared somtimes to be preferred before the Cure of the Cause when death seems to be at hand but we must alwayes take heed least when we encrease the strength we encrease the Cause of the Disease and therefore in a hot Disease you must use more temperate Cordials but in a Cold Disease those that are more hot First then mix Cordials in his nourishment as Confectio Alkermes or Confectio de Hyacyntho in Broths or with pleasant Wine or Cinnamon Water if there be great weakness Boyl also between two Dishes a piece of a Leg of Mutton after the skin and fat is taken off and after that let the Patient drink the Broth being strained at one daught Or Take the Flesh of a Capon after the skin and fat is taken away cut it in pieces and put it in a glassed Pot well Luted and set it in Balneo Martae to boyl for five hours then let the Patient take two or three spoonfuls of the Liquor in all his Broths Or you may make a distilled Water thus Take a Capon or an Hen after the skin is taken off and the fat cut it in pieces then powr upon it Water of Bugloss Borrage Sorrel Roses and Orange Flowers of each half a pound the Pouder of three Sanders Aromaticum Rosatum and Cinnamen of each half an ounce yellow Sanders one ounce Lemmons sliced three Distill them according to art which must be given every hour by the spoonful The Juyce of Legs of Mutton only is of much use Half roast a Leg of Mutton and slash it upon the Spit take the Juyce and boyl it a little in the dish and give it either alone or with Broth or with Yolks of Eggs. Valeriola doth much commend the Juyce taken out of Sheeps Hearts And Zacutus Lucitanus confirms it by his Experience saying That he with this only Medicine a mouth continued cured a rich man who often swouned through weakness of the Vital Faculty and resolution of the Blood and Spirits when many other Medicines had been used in vain The Juyce is thus taken forth Slit the Heart of a Sheep or Goat in the middle then wash it well and last wash it with Rose Water then cut it in slices and put it in a glassed Vassel with a few Cloves and no other Liquor And after the Pot is well luted put it into the Oven after it is drawn till the Juyce come forth Give this to the Patient to drink The Italians use Caudles of Yolks of Eggs Wine Sugar and Cinnamon which is very restorative Zacutus Lucitanus makes a fine dish of twenty Yolks of Eggs as you may see in the 107. Observation Lib. 2. of his Admirable Practice You may make Cordial Juleps thus Take of the Water of Bugloss Roses and Orange flowers of each one ounce Syrup of Apples and Lemmons of each half an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram Cinnamon Water two drams Make a Julep Or make this following mixture Take of white Sugar two ounces moisten it well with the best Cinnamon Water then put to it as much Spirit of Vitriol as is sufficient to make it sharp then ad of the Essence of Cinnamon four drops the Essence of Mace Nutmegs and Annis seeds of each three drops the Essence of Cloves two drops Mix them and take it either by it self or in Broth. You may also make a restoring Opiate thus Take of Conserve of Roses Bugloss Borrage and Clove gilli-flowers of each one ounce Citron Barks and Nutmegs candied of each three drams one candied Myrobalan Confectio Alkermes half an ounce the Spirit of Roses and Essence of Citrons of each half a dram the Essence of Cinnamon six drops With the Syrup of Apples make an Opiate take it often This Water following is excellent Take of the Jelly of Harts-horn drawn with white Wine four pints the Blood of a Lamb and a Calf clensed with the hands from all fibres of each two pints Muschadel Canary and Malago Wine of each three pints of Calfs Hearts cut in pieces four Crums of new white Bread dipped in Milk two pound and an half the Juyce of Balm one pint and an half Rose and Orange Flower Water of each one pint great Citrons sliced three Cinnamon four ounces Mace one ounce Put them in a large glass Still and still them in Balneo Mariae You may make a most excellent and precious Cordial Water after this manner Take of Amber-greese two drams Musk two scruples Lignum Aloes one dram and an half the white part of Benjamin three drams after they are bruised and mixed put them into Spirit of Wine and setting them upon a gentle fire draw out the Tincture fully and then filter off the Liquor and draw off half the spirit with an Alembick upon the ashes with a very gentle fire keep the Liquor close stopped in a Glass with a Cork waxed over and a
bladder of which you may give two three or four drops in Broth or in Juleps or in this following Syrup Take of Cinnamon Water four ounces the best Rose and Orange flower Water of each six ounces Mix them and dissolve therein as much Sugar candy as you can and make it into a Syrup without fire with a spoonful whereof mix four Drops of the aforesaid Cordial Liquor Of the Ingredients remaining from the former Liquor with as much of Damask Roses and four times as much Benjamin you may make Cakes to perfume the Chamber Apply both Liquid and Solid Epithems to the Heart and yong Pidgeons slit and sprinkled with Cordial Pouders Apply to the Stomach bags of Spices dipped in Wine Let the Stones and privy Members be fomented with Confection of Alkermes dissolved in Wine Let the Arteries of the Temples Hands and Feet be touched with Confectio Alkermes adding a little Cinnamon Water Apply this following to the Nose Take of the Leaves of Balm Bazil and Marjoram of each two drams Citron peels yellow Sanders and Cloves of each one dram Saffron half a scruple Amber-greese six grains Musk four grains tie them in a clout and dip them in Rose and Cinnamon Water and smell thereto often Or make a Balsom to anoint the Nostrils with the Chymical Oyls aforesaid of Nutmeg Cinnamon and Cloves with a little Wax The End of the Eighth Book THE NINTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Stomach The PREFACE AS there are divers Actions of the Stomach so there are divers Hinderances of those Actions which Cause variety of Diseases For this part being ordained to Concoct meat and make the Chyle for the performance thereof first it is constrained to desire Meat and Drink by the Appetite which may be diminished abolished or depraved When it is abolished it is called Anorexia Apositia When 't is diminished it is called Inappetentia and Loathing But when it is depraved it is called Doggshungs or Pica or Malacia Too great desire of Drink is called Sitis Morbosa These Diseases mentioned do concern the attractive Faculty they which concern Concoction as it is diminished abollished or depraved are comprehended under the name only of Concoction hindered if the Retentive and Expulsive Faculty be hurt it consists in Vomiting and Hickocks There are divers kinds of Vomitings according to the divers Condition and nature of the Matter Vomited forth And because the Stomach is of exquisite sence of Feeling by reason of the famous Nerve it hath from the sixth Conjugation it is therefore as other sensible Parts subject to pains and it hath somtimes Tumors as other parts and Inflamations Imposthumes and Vlcers That therefore we may in this Book explain all the Ordinary Diseases of the Stomach we will Comprehend it in Eleven Chapters The First Of Inappetentia or Loathing or meat The Second Of Fames Canina or Dogs Appetite The Third Of Pica and Malacia or Green-sickness The Fourth Of Sitis Morbosa or diseased Thirst The Fifth Of Concoction hindered or hurt The Sixth Of Hickocks The Seventh Of Vomiting The Eighth Of Vomiting Blood The Ninth Of the Disease called Chollera The Tenth Of Pain in the Stomach The Eleventh Of its Inflamation Imposthume and Vcer Chap. 1. Of Want of Appetite or Loathing of Meat INappetentia and Loathing is either from the abolished or diminished Action of the stomach When it is Abolished it is called Anorexia Apositia but when it is Diminished it is called Dusorexia but by Custom Anorexia Apositia are used for both The Causes of this Disease are divers which that we may bring into Order let us consider the Natural Causes of Hunger or Appetite These are called by Galen lib. 1. de symp caus cap. 7. Symptomes and are Five The First whereof is emptiness of the parts The Second is the Natural Appetite of those parts so emptied The Third is the Sucking and Attraction of the Mesaraick Veins in the Stomach and Guts The Fourth is the sense of their sucking in the Stomach The Fifth is the Animal Appetite wch cometh from the Nerve in the mouth of the stomach which comes from the Brain and is endued with great sense and feeling As also the Melanchollick Humor which comes from the Spleen to the mouth of the stomach which with its sharpness gnaws the inmost Tunicle of the stomach and is like sawce to stir up Appetite which that it may be natural it is necessary that al those Causes be in Order for if there be any fault in either then there is a hurt or hinderance of Appetite Therefore the First Cause which is Emptiness of Parts if it be wanting there is no Attraction made by them from other parts and the stomach and so there is no Appetite now this Emptiness is wanting either when the parts are filled with plenty of crude juyces by reason of gluttony or drunkenness or for want of exercise or usual evacuations or when there is so much fat that it is sufficient to nourish the parts Also the great stoppage of the pores of the skin doth hinder the emptiness or the parts or great weakness of the natural heat so that it can disperse none or but little of the substance of the Parts or the calling of that heat to the concoction of the matter of a Disease wherby the nourishment of Parts is neglected as in Feavers The Second Cause is Natural Appetite and the Attraction of nourishment to the stomach and this is depraved when the Parts though empty wil not draw by the veins by reason they have lost their strength but languish and forget their duty As happeneth in acute malignant pestilential syntectick and hectick Feavers And in immoderate evacuations as in Flux of the Liver Womb Haemorrhoids Bleeding at the Nose Great Sweat much Lechery long Fasting and the like The Third Cause is The Attraction of the stomach by the Mesaraick Veins which useth to be depraved by stoppage of those veins by which means the empty Parts cannot attract their Chylus nor make the mouth of the stomach sensible so we may perceive in Children troubled with Struma to consume by a long Flux of Chyle by reason al the Mesentery is full of Glandles which stop its Veins and hinder the passage of the Chyle to the Liver by which means it is sent half concocted forth by siege and the Parts are deprived of their necessary nourishment The Fourth and Fifth Causes which are Sense of Sucking and Animal Appetite do require a good disposition in the Stomach brain and nerves Therefore whatsoever can alâ—er their dispositions may also destroy Appetite so every great distemper of the belly especially if it be hot and dry doth hinder Appetite Great heat by dispersing the moist substance of the stomach doth take away Appetite as also great Cold not only positive as when the bowels are so cold that they are stupified by Air Water Frost Snow and the like but also privative when
few Grains of the best Mastich taken in the Morning is good to stay Vomitting Three Grains also of Balsom of Peru taken in a rear Egg or in Sugar like a Pill do it better Also a Decoction of Beans or Pease after the first Water is cast away with a little Vinegar is much Commended And the Crude Juyce of Quinces taken Two or Three spoonfuls at a time doth Wonders Camphire often smelt to or taken with a little Rose Water and a little Pouder of Diaâ—oscum is good for the same The Spirit of Vitriol mixed with Plantane or Spring Water to make it sharp doth also powerfully stay Vomiting If it be very violent make the Water sharper with Spirit of Vitriol or give it in Sack or rich Wine if you want Spirit of Vitriol use the strongest Vinegar without mixture one spoonful or two at a time One Scruple of Salt of Wormwood mixed with a spoonful of the Juyce of Lemons is a most Excellent Medicine especially in those Vomitings which happen in Malignant Feavers If the Patient grow very Weak with Vomiting give him Laudanum with Conserve of Quinces or Syrup of dried Roses and then apply a Cupping Glass to the Stomach and a Cataplasm of Leaven pouder of Wormwood and Orange peels made up with juyce of Mints Apply also outwardly a Fomentation to the region of the Stomach a new Spunge dipt in Rose-water and Rose-vinegar or let the Spunge boyl in strong Vinegar and apply it hot to the Stomach Or make a Fomentation of the Decoction of the Roots of Snake-weed Plantan-leaves Purslain Mints Bramble-tops and Willow-tops and then anoint it with this Oyntment Take of Acacia Hypocistis grains of Sumach and Myrtles of each two drams Mastich and grains of Kermes of each one dram Oyl of Myrtles two ounces Wax as much as is sufficient make an Oyntment or apply this following Cataplasm Take of Quinces boyled in Rose water and Vinegar or Marmalate thereof well beaten three ounces the pouder of Mastich Grains of Kermes and Myrtle berries and Plantane-seed of each two drams with the Juyce of Mints or Quinces or Syrup of Wormwood make a Cataplasm Or Steep a Crust of Bread in Rose Vinegar and sprinkle it with this pouder following Take of red Roses and Pomegranate flowers and Coriander seeds prepared of each one dram and an half Mastich red Coral Sorrel seeds Spodium of each half a dram yellow Saunders one scruple mix them into a pouder Or Apply this following Emplaister Take of Mastich plaister one ounce the pouder of Myrtles and Bistort-Roots of each half a dram with the Oyl of Mastich make an Emplaister in the form of a Buckler If the Vomiting be very violent and bring a Feaver Symptomatical and the Body very full it is good somtimes to let blood to prevent inflamation which may bâ— in the internal parts by reason of the violent straining and this must be done warily and but a little least the strength be abated Moreover It is good to apply Cupping Glasses to the Back and Navel and to rub and bind the extream parts You may bind about the Neck Linnen Clothes dipt in Oxycrate to repel the humors putting of the hands into cold Water doth stay al kinds of vomiting And Last When other things avail not use Narcoticks which do very quickly stop al Evacuations In a Flegmatick Vomiting if it wil not be staid with the aforesaid Vomits give Pills of Hiera with Rhubarb and Agarick or other fit Purges Then come to strengtheners for the Stomach such as were prescribed for the Cure of Want of Appetite to which ad this following Take of Conserve of Roses and Comfry Roots of each one ounce confection of Hyacinth three drams the pouder of Diambra and Aromaticum Rosatum of each half a dram Troches of Spodium terra Sigillata and grana Kermes of each one scruple with syrup of Quinces make an Opiate The Spirit of Vitriol with Wormwood water or Juyce of Mints doth mightily stay Vomiting and Strengthen the Stomach Or One or two spoonfuls of Aqua Imperialis given after Vomiting if the Stomach be very Cold. Apply these things following outwardly Take of Wormwood Mints and Balm of each three handfuls boyl them in a sufficient quantity of Vinegar and Wine to the consumption of the third Part make a Fomentation for the stomach After apply the Plaister afore-mentioned or the Cataplasm of Quinces using the Pouder of Nutmegs and Cloves instead of Myrtles and Plantane Or Take of Wormwood and green Mints of each one pound a Toast dipt in Rose-water weighing half a pound the Pulp of Quinces or Marmalat of the same two ounces Mastich half an ounce Mace and Nutmegs of each two drams beat them all well together with Oyl of Quinces and make an Emplaister Or Make a Cataplasm of Quinces boyled in strong Vinegar and then beaten with a little Mustard-seed and Pouder of Cloves Or Apply a Toast dipped in strong Wine and Juyce of Mints and sprinckled with pouder of Nutmeg Cloves Frankinsence Mastich and Graines of Kermes Villanovanus much Commends sharp Leaven which he applieth to the Stomach twice or thrice being steept in strong Vinegar and juyce of Mints this doth most certainly stop Vomiting after convenient Evacuations and Revulsions In a long Vomiting where the Stomach is very Weak you must use strong Astringents made thus Take of the Roots of Snakeweed and Tormentil Pomegranate peels and flowers and Hypocistis of each two drams Leavs of Mints and dried Wormwood of each half an handful Sumach and Myrtle berries of each one dram red Roses one pugil Cinnamon Cloves and Mastich of each half an ounce green Galls and Cypress Nuts of each two drams boyl them in Iron water and Red Wine in which dissolve a little Musk for sweet things do much asswage Vomiting of which let the Patient take two ounces every morning and Foment his stomach with the same After the Fomentation apply some Plaister or Cataplasm made as aforesaid Chap. 8. Of Vomiting Blood THis Disease is a casting forth of Blood from the Stomach by the Mouth And as al other Bleeding it comes from the Veins either by Anastomosis or opening of them by Diapedesis or Rarefaction by Rixis breaking or by Diabrosis corroding which Diseases of the Veins were shewed in the Cure of Spetting of Blood called Haemoptysis The Causes also are the same And First the Conjunct Cause Excess of Blood in quantity or quality Blood offending in Quantity wil break or open the mouths of the Veins and so comes Rixis or Anastomosis which happeneth in ful bodies If it offend in Quality as when it is too hot or thin it may cause an Anastomosis because heat doth open the Orifices and thinness makes it flow easily through The same Qualities may Cause a Diapedesis for heat doth make thin the Tunicles of the Vessels and thinness Causeth the Blood to pass through their pores Lastly Sharpness gnaweth and Ulcerateth the Tunicles of the Veins and so produceth a
each one ounce boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining of white Sugar one ounce Yolks of Eggs two Make a Clyster After the Body is sufficiently emptyed you must give astringents and strengtheners both at the Mouth and by Clysters as also to the Belly the Forms whereof you may take out of the Cure of Dysentery Besides You may conveniently use these that follow Take of Chalybeat Vinegar one part Chalybeat Water two parts the Leaves and Fruit of Myrtles Quinces Medlars Cervices of each two handfuls Cypress Nuts six pair boyl to halfs Foment the Belly warm with the strained Liquor often Take of Oyl of Mastich Quinces and Myrtles of each one ounce Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence and Gum Traganth of each one dram Wax as much as will make an Vnguent to anoint after the Fomentation Or Take Crums of toasted Bread infused in Chalybeat Water and Quinces roasted in the Embers or Marmalade of each three ounces Frankinsence Mastich Sanguis Draconis of each two drams With Syrup of Quinces and Wormwood make a Cataplasm Take of Mastich two drams Boyl it in three pints of Water for ordinary drink Iron Water is also good but in a hot Disease it is good to use the Tincture of Roses or Conserve of Roses mixed with Spring Water or Water wherein Gold hath been quenched mixed with Syrup of Quinces Amatus Lusitanus reports of one that was cured of a Chollerick Diarrhoea by taking much cold Water in the Summer time We also once prescribed to a Sanguine man who was troubled with a Chollerick Diarrhoea in the midst of Summer with great thirst Sal Prunella in his ordinary drink and Juleps made of Lettice and Purslain Water to be taken thrice in a day and he was cured in twenty four hours If the Humor be very sharp and adust or burnt the Patient must be purged sparingly with mild Medicines otherwise the Disease will encrease and he is to be cooled and moistened as also to be blooded a little In the same case a warm Bath is very good the Example whereof is in our Observations Plantane boyled in Broth is excellent And least a Diarrhoea turn into a Dysentery you must give Clysters of Chalybeate Milk and Emulsions of the cold Seeds and of white Poppy Seeds to asswage the sharpness of the Humor As also this Syrup following Take of the Juyce of Quinces six ounces the Juyce of Endive and Sorrel of each three ounces Sorrel and Plantane Seeds of each two drams red Coral one dram Plantane Water four ounces Boyl them to the Consumption of half strain and press them well put to it as much Sugar to make a Syrup to be taken two drams first and last In al Diarrhoea's after universal Medicines this following Bolus is good Take of Conserve of old Roses half an ounce Candied Quinces one dram the pouder of Tormentil one scruple With Sugar make a Bolus to be often repeated Or if the Disease be old you may make an Opiate of the same or the like in a greater quantity to be taken at many times Or to astringe more powerfully give this Pouder Take of Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastich Mummy Terra Sigillata Lapis Haematitis or Blood-stone Troches of Amber of each one dram true Bole three drams make a Pouder of which give two drams inconvenient Liquor Rhubarb twice infused and then twice or thrice washed in Rose Water and dried is good The Lozenges of the three Sanders with four times the quantity of Rhubarb given twice in a day the weight of two drams do take away the Matter and strengthen the Bowels The Leaves of Fleabane laid upon fire so that the smoak may be taken through a hollow Chair do stop the flux of the Belly by a specifical quality As also if the same Herb be beaten with Vinegar and applied to the Stomach Also the smoak of Mullin taken through a hollow Chair is excellent the example of which is in our Observations Syrup of Coral is excellent and much more the Tincture or Magistery of the same The Conserve of the wild Rose or sweet Bryar Rose is good against a Chollerick flux especially if it be mixed in astringent Opiates But when there is danger of weakness through a long and often flux you may give Laudanum with Mastich and Terra Sigillata When it is very violent a Clyster of Broth and new Treacle is excellent Pils of Bdellium taken twice or thrice in a week or every other day are good against al old fluxes For the same is the often use of Medlars as Forestus confirms by experience obs 1. lib. 22. in these words One that had a constant Flux and spent all he had upon Physitians came to me for counsel whom I advised to eat Medlars though green as many as he could by which he was speedily cured As it was with a Zeland Merchant that came to John Spirinchius a Physitian of Lovan who having been long sick and of a Dysentery at last and could not be cured by any was at length by his advice cured only with Medlars and gave the Physitian three hundred Crowns for his advice Thus Forestus But we must observe that the Body before the use of Medlars be clensed from Excrements In an old Diarrhoea the following Medicines are excellent Take of the shavings of Ivory three drams Confection Alkermes one dram Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces Make Lozenges Take of Crocus Martis six grains Bezoard Mineral half a scruple Conserve of Roses two drams Spirit of Vitriol three drops Mix them in a Bolus to be given twice a day long after and before Meat Take of the Juyce of Persicaria Maculata and of the great Housleek of each three ounces boyl them till the third part be consumed and give them in the morning they do certainly cure any flux though very old Mercurius Diaphoreticus given some daies together twelve grains at a time taketh away all the impurities of the Body which use to beget fluxes The Decoction of Juniper Berries in Wine given three daies together is good and also one dram of the Pouder of Grashoppers given in white Wine These two by deriving the Matter of the flux to the Ureters The Decoction of Juniper is thus made Take of Juniper Berries one handful red Wine one pint and an half boyl them to the consumption of two thirds Let him take the straining three daies together The Water of Brimstone Mines cure an old Diarrhoea by purging the whol Body and by strengthening the Stomach Of which ther is an example in our observations If a Diarrhoea come from a Catarrh you must look to the Brain as the part that sends it with the Medicines prescribed in the Cure of a Catarrh But if it depend upon the Obstruction or weakness of the Liver or Spleen you must cure them as shal be shewed in their proper places and then there is little or no use of astringents Platerus in the Cure of the Hemorrhoids
in all people alike The usual and most ordinary signs Aâ—â—â—inking Breath somwhat sowr as the women call it and stools like Cow dung of a gray color like Potters Earth dissolved Other signs are less usual as a continual Feaver which is often in a day more violent from the motion of the Worms with heaviness cold sweat somtimes and fainting loathing vomiting and unquenchable thirst The Pulse is unequal the Cheeks are by turns red or blew the Eyes shine the Nose itâ—heth the Teeth gnash and somtimes chatter there is a smal dry Cough much Spittle somtimes there is heaviness of head and sleepiness somtimes doting and Epileptick Convulsions There is often a pain in the Belly by gnawing somtimes by inflamation and distension or stretching forth like men in dropsies somtimes there is starting in the sleep and some tremble and rise up and fall asleep again somtimes all the body pineth and the Patient hath a Dogs Appetite insatiable which is most usual in the flat worms which eat up all the Food Moreover If Gourd Worms called Cucurbitini be voided they are a sign of flat The Ascarides are known by the itching of the Anus or Fundament and the Excrements are many times filled with them For a Conclusion The consuming putrefaction and eating away of the Gums is to be reckoned among the signs of the Worms which is confirmed by this following Observation A certain Boy was a long time troubled with eating away of his Gums many Medicines both internally and externally were applied and all in vain at length he died The body being opened there were found so many Worms that in some places the bowels were eaten through and many were found in the empty places of his Belly As for the Prognostick Many Worms are worse than few great than little Many times they are dangerous and bring great Diseases as a strong Feaver by fits swooning speechlessness doting epilepsie chollick and dogs appetite In the beginning of a disease it is evil for VVorms to come forth either alive or dead especially if they come forth alone and without dung for when they are alive and come forth they signifie great crudity or want of nourishment but dead they signifie great putrefaction by which they are killed VVorms in the declining of a Disease coming forth with the Excrements signifie Health if concoction appear for it appears then that Nature ruleth and mastereth the Excrements The Cure of the Worms is by driving them out because they are wholly against Nature And this is done by purging Medicines which kill VVorms and evacuate the Matter that breedeth them Rhubarb is the best which you may give in a Flux or Feaver But you must first give things that kill them or at least that drive them to the inferior Intestines by things taken at the Mouth or those things that draw them down by Clysters The usual forms whereof are these Take of Dogs-tooth and Purslane Water of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Lemmons one ounce Confectio de Hyacintho one dram the Pouder against Worms one scruple Make a Potion give it presently and then this Clyster Take of whol Barley Bran and red Roses of each one pugil Liquoris and Raisons scraped and stoned of each half an ounce Boyl them to half a pint or three quarters of a pint Dissolve in it strained red Sugar one ounce and one Yolk of an Egg. Make a Clyster You may ad Cassia or Diacatholicon if you desire it stronger After those Medicines have been given once or twice give this Potion Take of Rhubarb one dram yellow Sanders half a scruple infuse them in Water of Dogs-tooth or Purslain two or three ounces strain them and dissolve in it the pouder of Rhubarb and pouder against the Worms of each one scruple Syrup of Roses one ounce Mix them for a Potion Or Take of the pouder of Rhubarb and Coralline of each half a dram more or less according to the age Dogs-tooth Water two ounces Syrup of Violets one ounce Make a Potion If the Feaver be not great two drams of Hiera Picra more or less are to be mixed in a Potion for by its bitterness it killeth and expeileth Worms excellently If these things will not Cure them use these following Take of Dogs-tooth and Sorrel Water of each one ounce Endive Succory Sorrel and Purslane of each one handful the tops of St. Johns-wort Scordium or Water Germander and Centaury the less of each one pugiâ—â— Coralline three drams boyl them to a pint dissolve in the straining three ounces of Syrup of Lemmons Make a Julep for three or four Doses to be taken twice in a day Take of the Oyntment de Artanita or Soubread three ounces Quick-silver one dram mix them and anoint the whol belly Then purge again and often till the body be clensed And you may ad to the former Decoction Senna Agarick Rhubarb c. and give it but once in a day Rondoletius highly commends the Electuary Diacarthamum as an excellent Remedy to expel Worms and to purge Flegm and corrupted Chyle of which worms breed and are nourished as also he commends the infusion of Agarick in Oxymel Which Remedies are proper if there be no Feaver But because often times the diseases of the worms in some Children cannot be cured without much labor and time there are many Remedies found out by Authors both internal and external Among the Internal first we will treat of Pouders whereof there are divers Forms in Authors The chief are these following the dose whereof is from one scruple to a dram according to the age of the Patient in some convenient Liquor Take of Worm-seed half an ounce Coralline three drams Harts-horn two drams Make a Pouder Or Take of Worm-seeds Coralline and Harts-horn burnt of each equal parts Or Take of Hiera simplex two drams Worm-seed Scordium the lesser Centaury and Coralline of each one dram Make a Pouder Take of Rhubarb and Agarick of each one dram Troches of Alhandal one scruple Diagridium half a scruple Coralline and burnt Harts-horn of each half an ounce Myrrh Zedoary and Tansie flowers of each one scruple Salt of Wormwood and Tartar of each half a dram Make a fine Pouder In the use of these Pouders observe that they which are made of hot things are to be given seldom and in smal quantities to hot Natures and in Feavers VVomen use to give to Children troubled with the worms VVorm-seed made up with Sugar or mixed with Honey which is an excellent Medicine because the worms desiring sweet things take in the Honey and withal the VVorm-seed whereby they are destroyed But because VVorm-seed is very hot it may be made temperate by infusing it two hours in Vinegar and after mixing it with boyled Honey into the form of an Opiate which Amatus Lusitanus doth praise as a principal Medicine against VVorms Burnt Harts-horn is commended by Forestus given with Raisons or otherwise and some have been cured with that alone
But it is chiefly good for them who have the worms and a flux withal In which diseases coming together he commends also the Juyce of Plantane and the Decoction of Knot-grass given to drink To which may be added Topicks applied to the Belly partly astringent and partly having vertue to kill worms Women do use common Oyl given with Wine for that Oyl stops the pores of the Worms and so choak them for want of breath and VVine kills them by its sharpness But when there is a Feaver it is better to give Oyl with the Juyce of Lemmons or Pomegranates or which is better Oyl of bitter Almonds with the said Juyces or Orange flower water Stocherus in his Empirical Medicines commends the Oyl that is taken out of a dâ—ied Hazel stick if it be given but a drop or two at a time to a child or to a youth three or four in a crum of Bread For saith he it doth immediately kill them and cast them forth by stool also by but touching of Worms or Lice out of the Body it killeth them The best Authors will have this Oyl of Hazel to be the Oleum Heraclinum by which Martin Ruland did cure Children of the VVorms in a moment by anointing only their Lips and Navils as you may see in his Centuries But we have found by Experience that the Oyl of Juniper given but a drop at a time in Broth to be excellent for children so troubled if they have not a Feaver But Quick-silver would exceed all if we durst give it in wardly which great Doctors say may be done Some of whom I wil mention so that they who please to try it may have Authority for it Mathiolus in his fourth Epistle to Stephanus Laureus the Emperors Physitian saith Because Quick-silver as Dioscorides saith doth no otherwise kill but by tearing the Guts with its great weight we fear not that it will do it in a smal quantity especially because its weight and roundness will easily carry it through the Body Therefore let us not wonder why Brassavolus that famous Physitian of our Age hath written that he gave Quick-silver to Children without any inconvenience And also a padua Physitian used it with good success but never would tell us the way of giving and preparing of it And I though I never gave it have seen Midwives give a scruple or half a dram to Women that had hard labor without inconvenience and alwaies with good success Thus Mathiolus Fallopius in his Tractate of the French Pox Cap. 76. If saith he Quick-silver be drunk down it doth not so much as when it is used with an Oyntment I have seen Women to cause Abortion take a pound thereof without hurt I give it to Children for the Worms and it doth bring no symptome but only kill the Worms Platerus in the Cure of the Worms saith the same Give a drop or two or half a scruple of Quick-silver and it kills the Worms or makes them crawl out of the Body and it may be done without hurt as we shewed elswhere Fabricius Hildanus in his 71. Observation Cent. 2. saith of a woman troubled with the Worms sent to him by Gilbert Saracenus thus Having reckoned up many Medicines to these saith he I added the excellent Medicine of Quick-silver a dram and an half strained through Leather and yet she was not freed of them John Baptista Zappata in his Book of Womens Secrets Chap. 5. tells many famous Stories of the Cure of Worms by Quick-silver when Aloes and VVormwood would not do it He shews two waies of giving it The first is this Take of Quick-silver one dram but a scruple or two for little Children Benjamin half a scruple four or five drops of Aqua vitae mix them in a glass mortar with a glass pestle then put to it a little Conserve of Roses or Violets for a Bolus which let the Patient take in the morning by it self or with a little Bread The second way is this Take a little course Sugar and three or four drops of Spring Water mix them in a glass mortar till they are like Honey then put to it as much Quick-silver as was aforesaid mix them together with six or seven drops of Oyl of sweet Almonds which will keep the Quick-silver from coming again to its body And with a little Conserve of Roses make a Bolus Baricellus in his Book called the Genial Garden saith thus Quick-silver which some account poyson is safely given against worms and it is accounted so certain a Medicine in Spain that the Women there give three grains thereof to children which pewk up their milk I cured a Widdow which vomited nine daies together by reason of Worms and scarce eat in three daies neither could retain any thing she took to whom I gave two scruples of Quick-silver with a little Conserve of Quinces and she voided downwards above an hundred Worms and was cured the same day and went about her business to the great admiration of her Parents being formerly weak and lean I have given it also to others and with good success alwaies and I keep continually at home Quicksilver infused Water which Water I give to children for Worms nor did I ever receive any discredit thereby Mathiolus used the same Horatus Angenius and many other famous men who all do extol the benefit of this Medicine You may give it to Children in substance one scruple and to youths two scruples or a dram It is mortified and corrected with red Sugar in a glass mortar wherein it must be so long stirred that it be invisible and least it should return to its former condition you may add thereto two of the Oyl of sweet Almonds Give it with Sugar of Roses Violets or Quinces fasting Thus Baricellus Sanctorius in meth vitand error lib. 5. cap. 11. saith That except we use strong Medicines to kill worms as washed aloes or a scruple of Quick-silver with a little Turpentine and Aloes made into a smal Pill we do nothing They who fear to use Quick-silver crude may give it prepared as Mercurius dulcis not only thrice but six times calcined for by often preparation the malignity of it is abated with some few grains of Diagridium to carry it sooner out of the Body and expel both the Worms and the Matter of which they breed You must enlarge or diminish the quantity according to the Age of the Patient As for example to a Boy of eight or ten yeers old it may be thus given Take of Mercurius dulcis twelve grains Diagridium six grains Make Pouder to be given with a roasted Apple and Sugar or the like For ordinary drink the Water made of Quick-silver which was formerly mentioned is very profitable or that in which Quick-silver hath been shaken in a glass half full for the space of one hour Also VVater wherein melted Tin hath been often quenched But if you will rather use Quick silver it is better to let the Water boyl
violently and it is very red shining and as it were flaming when otherwise offending only in Quantity it useth to be black and Melancholly The Prognostick is gathered easily from what hath been said when we reckon up those grievous Diseases which come from this For the Cure The Blood must be stanched or moderated at least which must be done by Revulsives Derivatives Thickners and Astringents And first Phlebotomy is a Revulsive Remedy in every Flux of blood therefore in the Haemorrhoids thus flowing draw blood from the Arm and more plentifully if there be signs of fulness and much hath not been lost otherwise take but little and at divers times Also Frictions and Ligatures of the Superior parts do revel the blood as also Cupping Glasses applied to the Shoulders Breasts and Hypochondria which for the better Revulsion may have Scarrification in the Shoulders but they must be often applied to the places afore-mentioned Also a Gentle Purge doth derive the Chollerick Humors which make the blood so violent in the Guts and this must be made of Purging things that have an Astringent Quality as Rhubarb Myrobalans and Tamarinds such as were prescribed against Vomiting of Blood And Mercurialis teacheth That Tamarinds have an especial power to stop this kind of bleeding whether they be taken boyled or in substance Also sharp French Pruens which are somwhat like Tamarinds being often eaten afore meat are good and their use is convenient to keep the body loose and if these wil not suffice you may ad other things which were propounded for the Cure of a Belly bound because by use of Astringents the belly wil be bound and by straining to discharge the Excrements that are hard the Veins wil be more open and bleed more Afterwards you must use those things that thicken the Blood and astringe the loose Veins such as were prescribed for vomiting and spitting of blood in form of a Julep Pouder Opiate and the rest coming to Narcoticks as is there said if great need require And besides those Remedies the Pills of Bdellium are much commended by Authors which Rondeletius rejecteth because the Apothecaries have not true Bdellium and use Mirrh instead thereof which causeth bleeding But Solenander opposeth him saying by Experience that he hath found these Pills make of ordinary Bdellium so cleerly to produce their effect that he wil not doubt of the composition Except some should think that the Myrrh is made dull by drying things and astringents that are mixed therewith To this we may add what Bauderon in his Dispensatory and other Modern Writers say That we have true Bdellium brought from India at this day which is hard to be distinguished from Myrrh The use of these Pills is after this manner Take of Pills of Bdellium one dram the Troches of Amber and Terra sigillata of each one scruple With the Mucilage of Quince seeds extracted with Rose Water Make a mass of Pills of which let him take a scruple twice a day before Dinner and Supper At the same time you must use Topicks made after divers forms A Fomentation of Mullein boyled in Smiths VVater or astringent VVine is best for that Plant is proper for the pain and bleeding of the Hemorrhoids But you must diligently observe in the use of Fomentations that they be either cold or moderately hot A more compound Decoction may be made thus Take of Snakeweed Roots half a pound Plantane Mullein Bramble and Oak buds of each two handfuls and an half Sumach berries Pomegranate flowers green Galls and Pomegranate peels of each one handful Myrtles half a dram red Roses two pugils Allum one ounce boyl these in three parts of Forge water and one of old red Wine for a Fomentation Martin Ruland commends a Fomentation made of two bags applied hot by times made of red cloth and filled with beaten Acorns and Oak Leaves and boyled long in strong Vinegar Of the Decoction before mentioned with a greater quantity of every Simple you may make a Bath to sit in which the â—ick man must use somwhat cold as is said of a Fomentation Vnguentum Comitissae is very good if you anoint the Back and Hemorrhoids therewith or you may make for the present this following Take of Oyl of Roses Olives and Myrtles of each two ounces the Juyce of Plantane and Mullein of each one ounce and an half red Wine Vinegar one ounce boyl them till the juyces are consumed then add of Bole Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence and dross of Iron finely poudered of each one dram Wax as much as will make an Vnguent Rondoletius approves rather of those Oyntments which are made without Oyl because they are more astringent and they are thus made Take of the Juyce of Plantane Shepheards-purse and Mullein of each two ounces the simple Syrup of Vinegar three ounces boyl them gently then add of Bole Terra sigillata and Snakeweed Roots poudered of each one dram and an half Sanguis Draconis one ounce Ceruss washed two scruples mix them into the form of a Liniment If the Hemorrhoids be ulcerated you may make this following Take of Oyl of Roses two ounces Frankinsence and Aloes of each one dram Sarcocol Sanguis Draconis and Bole of each half a dram Spodium and Carabe of each one scruple white Starch three drams Juyce of Plantane one ounce Make an Vnguent The Fat of an Eel which comes out when it is roasted put to the Oyntments makes them better by a proper Vertue Also you may with profit apply a Cataplasm to the said parts made thus Take of Bole Aloes Mastich Frankinsence and Sanguis Draconis of each half an ounce the stones of Myrobalans and Galls of each one dram mix them with the white of an Egg and Juyce of Plantane Make a Cataplasm Or the Hairs of an Hare burnt and Spiders webs mixed with the white of an Egg will make a Cataplasm which you must apply to the Vein where it is open if it appears or put it gently in Suppositories are good for this use because they are put up into the part The Form of them is Take of Colophony and Frankinsence of each three drams Bole half an ounce Ceruss and burnt Lead of each one dram Acacia half a dram pouder them finely and make them into a Suppository with Goats Suet. Make Injections into the part by a Syringe of the Juyce of Plantane and other things mentioned for a Fomentation The blood of any Creature newly drawn and injected whiâ—e it is hot doth wonderfully restrain any flux of blood from the belly The Lungs of a Sheep being hot and bloody being sat upon have great power to stop this Blood Also Fumigations made of the Decoctions of the Fomentations aforesaid are good for the same end To which you may ad those things mentioned in a Dysentery As also this following Take of Frankinsence Aloes Mastich red Roses Myrtles and Wormwood of each half a dram Troches of Carabe one dram Make a grass Pouder to be
Chapter aforementioned bewaring that they be not too sweet for by sweet things the Liver being inflamed grows larger as Trullian teacheth Lib. 4. Cap. 10. Let his Drink be the Decoction of Barley Dog-tooth with a little Liquoris Syrup of Violets or Maiden-hair In the Decoction you may ad to the former Juleps the Roots of Smallage and Parsley the Leaves of Agrimony Maiden-hair c. And afterwards Turpentine washed Agrimony or Parsley Water given twice or thrice takes away the reliques of the Disease But if the Disease be stubborn and last long you must prescribe an Apozeme of opening and loosening things thus Take of the Roots of Smallage and Parsley of each two ounces new Polypody of the Oak three ounces the Leaves of Agrimony Burnet Ceterach Maiden-hair of each one handful Annis Fennel and Parsley seeds of each one dram Chamomel and Violet flowers of each one pugil clean Senna one ounce Boyl them to a pint and a Quarter Dissolve in the straining Rhubarb infused with a little Lavender in Succory Water two drams simple Syrup of Vinegar four ounces Make an Apozeme for four Doses to be taken every other day Outwardly many Topicks are good to be used the whol time of the Disease And in the beginning Epithems Liniments and cooling Plaisters such as stop Fluxes made thus Take of Endive Succory Sorrel Plantane and Rose Water of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce the pouder of the Electuary of the three Sanders one dram and an half Camphire half a scruple Make an Epithem to be applied warm to the Region of the Liver Or Take of the Leaves of both Endive Succory Plantane Bugloss Burrage and Water-lilly flowers of each one handful Roman Wormwood half a handful red Roses two pugils red and yellow Sanders of each two drams boyl them to one pint and an half Dissolve in the straining half a pint of Rose Water Rose Vinegar one ounce Camphire one scruple Make an Epithem If you desire to cool more you may ad the Juyces of the aforesaid Herbs Take of Oyl of Roses two ounces Oyl of Wormwood half an ounce mix them and wash them with Oxycrate and anoint the place therewith after the use of the Epithem Or Take of Oyl of Roses and of Myrtles of each two ounces the Juyce of Endive and Succory of each one ounce Vinegar half an ounce boyl them to the Consumption of the Juyces then add the pouder of red Sanders and Roses of each one dram as much Wax as will make an Vnguent Or you may use the Oyntment of Roses alone or Galens cooling Oyntment washed with Oxycrate In the progress of the Disease when the Feaver and pain decrease you must mix Dissolvers with Coolers either in equal or unequal proportion as the Disease grows neerer to the state or declination these must be wisely composed But that you may know what to make them of we wil shew you some Examples Take of Oyl of Roses two ounces Oyl of Wormwood one ounce Oyl of Chamomel half an ounce Pouder of the three Sanders one dram Spicknard half a dram Wax as much as will make a Liniment Take of clean Dates ten whol Raisons three ounces boyl them in Oxycrate then beat them with Chamomel Melilot and red Rose Flowers of each one pugil Spicknard and Schoenanth of each one dram Smallage and Parsley seeds of each half a dram Endâ—ve and Purslain of each one dram and an half Oyl of Wormwood and Roses of each one ounce Barley meal two ounces Make a Cataplasm Or you may make one not so hot thus Take of Barley meal three ounces red Sanders two ounces Oyl of Roses three ounces Mix them with the Decoction of Endive and Succory for a Cataplasm In the declination when the Feaver is gone you must use Dissolvers with Emollients lest any hardness should remain and some Astringents to strengthen the part Take of Marsh-mallow Roots three ounces Cypress Roots and Calamus Aromaticus of each half an ounce Mallows Violets and Agrimony of each one handful both the Wormwoods of each half a handful Foenugreek Annis Fennel and Line seed of each half an ounce Chamomel Melilot and Dill slowers of each one pugil Spicknard Schoenanth and Mastich of each one dram and an half Make a Decoction of them and foment the part affected with it somwhat hot Take of Oyl of Chamomel Lillies and sweet Almonds of each one ounce Oyl of Wormwood and Spike of each half an ounce the Pouder of Schoenanth Rosata Novella and Wormwood of each one dram Wax so much as will make a Liniment to be used in the declination of the Disease If the hardness of the part continue it will be good to add to the former Liniment Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar Or this Plaister Take of the Emplaister of Melilot and Diachylon with Flowerdeluce of each one ounce Mix them and spread them upon Leather cut like a half â—Moon to be laid to the part Or Take of Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar one ounce Labdanum and Mastich of each two drams Oyl of Wormwood and Wax of each as much as will make a Plaister If the Inflamation tend to suppuration which is known by encrease of the Feaver and the pain according to Hipp. Aph. 47. Lib. 2. there is great danger and few escape in this case Yet you must further the Suppuration with the aforesaid Emplaisters which will dissolve the Matter which will be dissolved and suppurate that which will be suppurated or ripened as also with mollifying Cataplasms and you must give inwardly Chicken Broth wherein Mallows Marsh-mallows Figgs and Prunes have been boyled After the Imposthume is broken if white Matter flow by stool or urine you must clense with Barley Water or Whey with Honey of Roses or with those Remedies which are prescribed for the Cure of the Ulcer of the Stomach But if the Suppuration tend outwardly you must open it with a red hot Incision Knife according to Hippocrates And if the Matter come forth white and concocted there is hope of Cure but if red filthy and stinking the Patient is neer death Chap. 3. Of the Stoppage or Obstruction of the Liver THe Obstruction of the Liver is a preternatural closing or straightness of the Branches of the Vena Porta and Cava that is of the Gate and Hollow Vein and somtimes of the substance of the Liver hindering the passage of Natural Humors and the distribution of the Nourishment coming from some Matter which filleth their Cavities Hence it is that Obstruction is an Organical Disease namely in the way and passage obstructed which hinders the distribution of Blood for the Nourishment of the parts These waies or passages are not only the Veins which are dispersed through the whol substance of the Liver but also the Pores and insensible Passages with which the whol substance of the Liver and also of other parts is very full which being shut up by a preternatural Humor neither can the heat of the
contrary to the opening Faculty which they desire Moreover There is another wrong done to this Medicine when it is made in a Brass Kettle which leaves a malignant quality upon the Medicine for it is a known and vulgar saying among Apothecaries You must not boyl sharp things in Brass Vessels because they easily pierce and attract a noxious Tincture from them But the Crystals of Tartar are most sharp called by some Acidum Tartari or the sharpness of Tartar This Error is often made by Apothecaries and almost all they who make this Crystal themselves use Brass Vessels so that I have seen some Tartar look Skie-colored from the Verdugreece which it hath taken from the Copper Therefore Physitians shall do conscienciously honorably and for the good of their Patients if they cause their Apothecaries to make Crystal of Tartar themselves and in Glass Iron or Earthen Vessels glassed The Salt of Tartar hath great power to open Obstructions and may well be mixed with Apozems Opiates and opening Pills But the chief use of it is in a loosening Ptisan or Barley Water made of two drams of Senna infused in eight ounces of cold Water with one scruple or half a dram of Salt of Tartar by which the Tincture of the Senna will be powerfully extracted so that this Ptisan shal work better than any ordinary one and continued many daies it takes away all Obstructions we have seen Quartan Agues cured by the use of it fifteen daies together If you fear the sharpness of the Salt of Tartar you may correct it with the Spirit of Sulphur or of Vitriol putting fifteen drops of Spirit to half a dram of Salt You may find the use of the Spirit of Tartar in our Observations for the Cure of the Dropsie under the Title of a Diuretical Spirit Of Vitriol only the Oyl or Spirit is used in Apozemes Syrups and other Forms of Medicines This following Syrup which is good against all Obstructions of the Liver Mesentery and Veins may be for an Example by which many through continual Feavers falling into evil Habits and Dropsies have been perfectly cured Take of the Roots of Smallage Elicampane Sparagus Eringus of each one ounce Leaves of Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Dodder Carduus of each one handful the tops of Sea Wormwood and of the lesser Centaury of each half a handful Winter Cherries one ounce Spring Water six pints boyl them till two pints of the straining remain in which dissolve of the Juyce of Succory and Burnet refined of each one pint the juyce of Fumitory and Hops of each six ounces Fennel and Parsley juyce of each three ounces Vinegar of Squils one pint and an half white Sugar six pound make a Syrup to which add of the Oyl of Vitriol as much as will make it sharp of which let the Patient take three spoonfuls before Break-fast and as much before Dinner and Supper The Natural sharp Baths shew the Efficacy of Vitriol the use whereof is frequent and profitable in all Diseases coming of Obstructions But the Spirit of Vitriol mixed with the Salt or Spirit of Tartar is much commended by the Chymists and of them they make Tartar Vitriolate and that rare mixture of Spirit of Vitriol Tartar and Treacle which may be mixed with other openers Lastly There are divers Medicines made of Steel both by Galenists and Paracelsians which plainly opening Obstructions presently compel al men to use them even those who reject all Medicines made of Mettals as Enemies to our Natures These Medicines of Steel are made either in the Form of Wine Syrups Opiates Pills or Lozenges Steeled Wine is made thus Take of the Filings of Steel four ounces Eryngo Roots and Elicampane of each one ounce and an half yellow Sanders one ounce red Coral and shavings of Ivory of each six drams Cloves Nutmeg and Cinnamon of each two drams Flowers of Broom Rosemary and Epithimum of each two pugils the best white Wine six pints steep them eight daies in Balneo Mariae or behind an Oven then strain them through a Hippocras bag and let the Patient take two or three ounces every morning two hours before meat for fifteen daies or more if need require Or make it thus Take of Steel prepared with Sulphur one ounce Elicampane and the middle rind of Tamarisk of each half an ounce Senna three ounces Epithimum one ounce Foecula Brioniae and Cinnamon of each two drams Pouder of the three Sanders one dram and an half Agrimony Water and white Wine of each one pint Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae Let him take three or four ounces when it is strained three hours before meat Commonly they use the Infusion of Steel in white Wine or Claret for ordinary Drink with much Water for two or three months together You may make a Syrup of Steel thus Take of Filings of Steel steeped in Vinegar two ounces the inward rind of Tamarisk half an ounce Ceterach half a handful Cinnamon three drams Wormwood and Agrimony Water of each half a pint white Wine one pint Infuse them six daies in a warm place add to the staining Sugar one pound and an half make a Syrup Let the Patient take every morning two or three ounces For the Preparation aforesaid of Steel you must steep it in Vinegar in the Sun while the Vinegar is consumed three times and then grind it upon a Marble This Syrup may be made Purging and better if you dissolve the Sugar with a pint of Water wherein three ounces of Senna and half an ounce of Rhubarb have been steeped a whol night The Pouder of Steel is made thus taken out of Quercetan's Dispensatory Take of the shavings of Steel either commonly prepared or with Sulphur one ounce the faecula of the Root of Cuckow-pintle one dram and an half Amber-greece half a dram for the Poor a Cordial Species will serve instead of Ambergreece Coral and Pearl prepared of each two drams Amber prepared and Cinnamon of each four scruples Sugar as much as is sufficient to make a pleasant Pouder of which let him take half a spoonful or two drams with Wine for fifteen dayes Of the same Pouder and Sugar dissolve in Turnep Water and Confection Alkermes may be made very pleasant Lozenges to be taken as the former Or Take of Steel prepared with Brimstone half an ounce confection Alkermes two drams Ambergreece one scruple Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces make Lozenges Let him take two drams every morning Instead of the Pouder the Extract of Steel may be used made in white Wine for those who are dainty Divers Opiates are made also of Steel these following are best Take of the conserve of the Flowers of Tamarisk and Maiden-Hair of each one ounce and an half conserve of the Roots of Elicampane six drams Steel prepared either with Sulphur or Vinegar one dram Salt of Tamarisk one dram Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple with the syrup of candied Citrons make an Opiate of which let him
as the Liver or Spleen are most affected Then give these Broths Take of Sparagus Dog-tooth and Succory Roots of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Bugloss and Succory of each half a handful Cream of Tartar one dram boyl them with a Chicken and make Broth ten or twelve daies adding four drops of Spirit of Vitriol to cool and open more In old Obstructions you may add to the former China Roots Sassaphras white Sanders Smallage Roots and â—â—le Fern Roots Bettony Scabious Coriander prepared Raisons and the like If the Belly be bound or the Body very foul give in every third draught of Broth half an ounce of Senna with Annis seeds Or this Apozeme instead of the Broth Take of Bugloss Sparagus Succory and Sorrel Roots of each one ounce the middle rind of Tamarisk and Ash of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Dodder Succory Fumitory Hops Bugloss and Borrage of each one handful the four cold seeds Annis and Fennel seeds of each two drams Currance one ounce Senna and Polipody of the Oak of each two ounces Dodder of Time one ounce the best Agarick and Rhubarb infused by themselves in Cinnamon Water of each two drams Mace and Cloves of each one dram the three Cordial Flowers of each one pugil Boyl them to a pint and dissolve in the straining Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb and of Roses solutive of each two ounces Make an Apozeme clarified and aromatized with two drams of yellow Sanders for four morning draughts Or give Cock Broth thus made Take of Roots of Asparagus Bruscus and the bark of Capar Roots and Tamarisk of each half an ounce Agrimony Ceterach and Maiden-hair of each one handful Annis Citron and Carduus seeds of each one dram Senna half an ounce Polipody of the Oak and Epithimum or Dodder of Time of each three drams Cinnamon one scruple Crystal of Tartar one dram Boyl them all with half a Cock which let him take four mornings After you have sufficiently purged a Bath of warm Water is most convenient used many â—â—ieâ— in which cool Herbs have been boyled and sweet Apples Somtimes it is made of Barley and Almoâ—â—â— beaten and put into a Bagg and boyled in Water It must be often repeated if the season will permit for Galen 8. de loc aff cap. 6. saith that he cured many melancholhck men only with the use of hot baths without any other Medicine And if the Patient cannot endure a whol bath let him have one for half the body And least often washing should hurt the Stomach when he enters into the Bath let it be perâ—â—â—â— with Oyl of Nutmegs by Expression or the like When he goes forth of the bath let the Region of his Liver be anointed with the Cerat of Sanders or Oyntment of Roses washed in Oxycrate After his last bath let the Hemorrhoids be provoked with sharp Suppositories or with rubbing the Anus with Fig Leaves or with a rough linnen Cloth and with two or three Hors-leeches apphed to the most apparant places take away five or six ounces of blood And this must be done every Spring and Fall and somtimes once a Month. They who are used to have the Flux of the Hemorrhoids if it hath been long stopped so that they wil not appear must have a Cupping Glass applied If after the Leeches are fallen off they bleed stil as somtimes they wil stop them with Clay or Pouder of Coal or with Spiders Webs or with Pouder of Lime or with astringent Pouders taken up with the white of an Egg and Pledgets And if you cannot conveniently open them it is good to draw blood from the inferior Veins that the most impure may be voided An Issue burnt in the left Legg doth purge the Spleen and other Bowels from superfluous Humors and therefore forget it not But because this Disease useth to be very stubborn and after Purging new Humors return you must purge by sits that the Body may be freed from them by degrees which may be wel done by a Magistral Syrup made thus Take of new drawn purified Juyces of the Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Endive Succory Fumitory and Sorrel three pints the Juyce of sweet Apples newly drawn and clensed two pints fresh Polipody of the Oak half a pound clean Senna eight ounces Dodder of Time three ounces Agarick newly made into Troches one ounce Ginger and Cloves of each one dram Infuse them and strain them according to art till there remain five pints and a quarter of the Liquor in which dissolve the straining of an ounce of Rhubarb dissolved in the said Juyces by themselves with a little Cinnamon and one pound of Sugar Make of these a well boyled Syrup clarifie it and aâ—â—matize it with two drams of the Pounder of the three Sanders keep it in a Glass and let him take into ounces thereof twice or thrice in a month with a little Chicken Broth boyled with Endive Sorrel Borrage and Burnet Or instead of the Syrup you may give Pils especially in Winter such as were mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver or if you fear they are too hot you may make these following Take of Polypody of the Oak half an ounce Asarabacca Roots and Broom buds of each one dram Currance three drams Crystal of Tartar one dram and an half Bugloss and Borrage flowers of each half a pugil Boyl them in Spring Water Take half a pint of the straining being well clarified and six ounces of the Juyce of sweet Apples also well clarified and infuse therein one ounce of clean Senna Turbith and Agarick of each three drams Mace Cloves Cinnamon and Dodder of Time of each one dram digest them four daies in Balneo Marioe then strain them and add to the straining one ounce of the Extract of Aloes made in Endive and Sorrel Water Myrrh dissolved in Wine and strained two drams Salt of Tartar one dram Evaporate them all and inspissate and thicken them at a gentle fire adding towards the end when the matter is almost evaporated Diarrhodon Abbatis Loetisicans Galeni and the Troches of Dialacca of each half a scruple bring them into a mass for Pills and let the Patient take half a dram once in a week two hours before meat Pereda witnesseth that the hath cured many Melanchollick men with this following Pouder and he cals it Blessed and Divine Take of Dodder of Time half an ounce Lapis Lazuli and Agarick in new made Troches of each two drams Scammony one dram Cloves twenty mix them into a Pouder and give two drams twice or thrice in a month with Whey or Borrage Water If you cannot conveniently give often Purges it is good every other day to give a Clyster to revel vapors and draw forth some part of the Humor for if they go deep into the Guts they take away the greatest part of the filth from the Meseraicks We knew a Noble Man who being long troubled with this Disease was cured by often Clysters
Julep of Violets to cool him thus Take of the pouder of Sows prepared one scruple Aqua vitae two scruples red Pease Broth eight ounces Mix them and give it six hours before meat Thus Augenius Sennertus in his Chapter of the Stone in the Bladder tels a famous story of William Lauremberg Professor of Rostoch who being old and troubled with the stone was unwilling to be cut and therfore sought for other Remedies First he tried the famous Water against the Stone which is so much prized by Princes which is thus made Take of Salt of white Tartar one ounce Parsley Water one pint Mix them and strain them with a brown Paper and with Orange peels make it yellow He used also the Indian Jewel called in Spanish Igiada which is most famous for breaking the Stone but both to no purpose Therfore be desired to make tryal of the Medicine of Sows which Horatius Augenius saith cured two yong men In imitation of whom after general Physick and good Diet he took of Sows one scruple the Spirit of Juniper two scruples red Pease Broth ten ounces which he took in the morning but the first and second time he found a straightness in his Breast and a fainting so that he was constrained to take one dram of Treacle with the Potion and so used it fifteen daies but all this while he voided no gravel And then he added other things and made it thus Take of prepared Sows two ounces a Hares and Goats Blood prepared wild Rose Flowers and purple Violet seeds of each one ounce Species Lithontribi two scruples mix them for an Antidote of which take two scruples the Diuretick Decoction ten ounces the Spirit of Juniper two scruples Which Medicine after he had taken it the second time at five a clock in the morning four hours after he felt a great pain under the Os Publis about the Neck of the Bladder A little after he made a little Water and therewith some thin red things like scales of fishes which though they seemed to be slimy yet when they were touched turned to sand So that it plainly appeared that they were the outside of the Stone By the continuance of this Medicine every fourth or fifth day he voided the like scales and somtimes bigger pieces especially when he used a sweet bath But when the neck of the bladder was wounded by the fragments and the stone he used Medicines to asswage pain and by the use of these Medicines was in seventeen months cured The Decoction was Take of Liquoris four scruples Roots of Marsh-mallows Couch-grass Rest-harrow of each half an ounce Winter Cherries twenty red Pease six ounces Raisons one ounce the four great cold Seeds of each one scruple Barley two handfuls Boyl them in Winter Cherry Water Rest-harrow Strawberry and Bean Flower Water of each one pint and an half to the straining add of the Syrup of Marsh-mallows four ounces The Sows are thus prepared Take of live Sows two pound wash them in Rest-harrow Water then drown them in Spanish Wine then powr the Wine out and put them in Glasses the more Glasses the better because then they will dry better Put these Glasses well stopt into the Oven when the Bread is drawn that they may dry gently till they will pouder then put some Spanish Wine upon this Pouder as much as it will take in and dry it again do so thrice and fourthly wash it with this Liquor Take of Straw-berry Water three ounces Spirit of Vitriol half a dram mix them Then dry it and make it fine and keep it in a Glass for your use Besides the aforesaid the use of the distilled Water of Goats blood or of the Urin of a Goat newly slain which was formerly mentioned in the Stone of the Kidneys If the Stone cannot be broken with Medicines necessity requireth the manual operation though it be dangerous lest the Patient die with lingering pain This requires a skilful and wel exercised Artist and that it may have good success as we have observed It is the Duty of the Physitian before the operation to prepare the body by bleeding purging and diet as the state of the business requireth And observe that the taking away of a stone from a Woman hath no danger because it is done only by enlarging the Passage of the Urine which in them is very short If the Patient fear cutting or want a good Chyrurgion he may use asswaging Medicines least the Stone should cut and ulcerate the neck of the bladder such as are prescribed for heat of Urine But if a stone fastened in the neck of the bladder stop the Urine it must be shaken back with lying upon the back with the leg up and the body shaked and then by a good somentation or bath and with a Catheter let the stone be sent back into the bladder Chap. 3. Of the Inflamation of the Reins and Bladder BEcause the Inflamation of the Reins and Bladder are cured with the same Medicines therefore we will put them in the same Chapter although the Signs are different as shall be shewed This Inflamation is a Tumor of those Parts from the flowing of Blood or Choller unto them This is not very ordinary because the substance of those parts is solid and thick but somtimes it happeneth because the Kidneys are fleshy and apt to receive blood but the Bladder though it be without blood and spermatick because it receives blood for its Nourishment through the smal Veins is without question subject to Inflamation by too much blood as other Membranes of the Brain or Meninges the Pleura Mediastinum and the like We said that these Inflamations come from Blood or Choller as when Flegm or Melancholly in the Blood make the parts thicker because they cannot pierce into their thick substance The Causes of this Disease are either from things Natural not Natural or Pretematural From Natural things when there is a Natural Infirmity of those parts from the Parents or a great loosness of them a great heat originally in them by which they draw plenty of Humors In Youth these conduce much to an Inflamation From things not Natural as much Venery which weakeneth those parts and draws much blood or other Humors to them Gluttony Drunkenness and eating of Salt and Spiced Meats great Passions of the Mind lying upon the back in a soft bed great Exercise stoppage of some great Eâ—acuations as of the Months and Hemorrhoids or usual bleeding at the Nose those things which cause repletion and evil concoction and drive the humors to the inward bowels From Preternatural things as a stroak or wound upon the Reins or about the Bladder a pressing or bruise of those parts constant Feavers foulness of the Vessels or other parts that purge themselves by Urine as in a Pleurisie Empyema or imposthume in the side Obstruction of the Spleen breaking of the Mesentery and the like And lastly Disease of those parts do cause Inflamation as the stone
the womb Head-ach coming from the womb is known because the Patient hath not her Courses right the pain does chiefly trouble her or is most increased at or neer the time of her Courses flowing and her womb is out of order Also we may distinguish whether an Humor or a Vapor cause this pain for if the pain be not great heavy and pressing and come by fits it comes certainly from a Vapor but if the pain be continual joyned with heaviness it shews an Humor contained in the part which if it be Chollerick the pain is biting pricking and acute or sharp if it be Flegmatick it causes sleepiness if Melancholly Sadness Pantings of the Heart and beatings of the Arteries about the short Ribs and Back Diseases of the Stomach Liver and Spleen and divers pains may be conceived to arise from the womb if these other Signs and Symptoms of the womb affected before recited be likewise present As also if by putting sweet smelling things to the water-gate and stinking things to the Nose the Patient do find some kind of ease What concerns the Prognostick or Predictions of this Disease It it is a malady which seldom kiils the Patients but use to stick a long time by them But somtimes they are in danger of death by reason of swooning fits that happen or by some extraordinary Convulsion Likewise if the fits are frequent and hard to be removed it is to be feared lest Respiration being so often hurt the Native heat should be suffocated and the Patient come to die The Womb-paision is worst in which more parts are drawn into consent and that is bad which springs from corrupted Seed or from a long suppression of the monthly Courses In Elderly persons this Disease is hardly curable because of that plenty of Corruption wherewith they are wont to abound In yonger VVomen it commonly ceases when they begin to bring forth Children In VVomen with Child and that lie in Child-bed it is a dangerous Disease in the former for fear of Miscarriage in the latter because of their weakness after Child-bearing For a VVoman troubled with these VVomb-fits to sneeze is good for it signifies strength of Brain and by the motion of sneezing the Malignant Vapors which besiege the Brain are discussed and likewise the vitious Humors contained in the VVomb evacuated A twofold Cure belongs to this Infirmity one in the fit another out of the fit In the fit those vapors which cause it are to be discussed and drawn back from the part affected the Humors contained in the VVomb which send up those Vapors must be voided and the VVomb when it is removed out of its proper place which often happens according to Hippocrates must be restored to the same again First therefore The sick party must be laid upon a bed in such a posture that her Neck and Shoulders lie high and sloaping but her Thighs and Privy parts lie low and shooting downwards for so the VVomb is more easily reduced Then must her lower parts be tied very hard so as to cause pain likewise they must be well rubbed and chased also Cupping-glasses are to be set upon her Hips and a very large Cupping-glass set upon her Share is very profitable But take heed that you do not apply a Cupping-glass upon the Patients Navel which many ignorantly are wont to do for by that means the VVomb is drawn upwards again VVhen Convulsions happen or swooning fits hard rubbings with course cloaths are good upon the soals of the Feet also with Vinegar and Salt it is good likewise to pluck off some Hairs from the Head and Share to cramp the fingers or the Patient whoop aloud in her ears and such like It is also good to lay unto the soals of her Feet this Epispastick or drawing Cataplasm or Pultis Take Leaves of Artemisia Mugwort Feaverfew Rhue of each a handful Sage half a handful Pidgeons dung poudered three ounces Black Soap an ounce and an half Amber Frankinsence Masticb poudered of each a dram and an half Juyce of Rue and Vinegar allayed with Water as much as sufficeth to make all into a Cataplasm At the same time stinking and strong smelling things are to be put unto her Nose as Partridg feathers burnt old Leather burnt and Brimstone fired Jeat or Agate Oyl a Pomander of Assafoetida Castoreum Galbanum Rue moistened with Syrup of Artemisia or with Vinegar Garlands of Rue Tanzy Wormwood But if the VVoman be Epileptick or subject to the Falling-sickness we must abstain from the stronger things before mentioned because the Brain being therewith offended is put into a Commotion by which means the Humors are tumbled suddenly into the Ventricles thereof and the Syptomes are made more grievous The smoak of Tobacco blown into the Mouth and Nostrils of the Patient does quickly free her from the fit Contrarywise sweet smelling things must be put unto the VVomb as some grains of Musk or Civet wrapped in Cotton-wool The following Pouder may be blown up her Nostrils Take white Pepper Mustard seed Pellitory Castoreum of each one scruple make it into a very fine Pouder If the Patient be very much oppressed with her fit let her be provoked to sneeze according to that Aphorism of Hippocrates his 5. Section 35. To a Woman troubled with Womb-fits or hard Labor if she happen to neeze it is good Neezing is many times provoked by the foresaid Pouder and if that alone will not do it a little white Hellebore or Euphorbium may be added Also Oyl of Amber or Agates may be anointed upon her Nostrils But laxative and wind-expelling Clysters do exceed all other Medicaments in discussing such filthy Vapors as cause the fit which may be made after this manner Take Mercury Leaves Pellitory of the wall Mugwort Penyroyal Rue Calaminth of each one handful Caraway seeds Cummin seeds and Bayberries of each two drams Boyl all to a pint and an half In the straining dissolve Hiera Picra and Benedicta laxativa of each six drams Oyl of Rue three ounces Camphire half a scruple Mix all into a Clyster If the first Clyster be not sufficient another must be given of the same or such like Decoction dissolving therein Diaphoenicon ten drams Turpentine dissolved with the white of an Egg one ounce the aforesaid Oyl and half a scruple of Camphire dissolved in Oyl of Water lillies And in a word The Disease continuing a third Clyster must be given meerly Hysterical and discussing but not purging which will be very effectual compounded after this manner Take Oyl of Rue four ounces Aqua vitae one ounce Canary Sack three quarters of a pint Galbanum two drams Mix all and make a Clyster and administer the same after a Laxative Clyster A Clyster of Vinegar tempered with Water does presently asswage the Mother-sit by compressing and coagulating the vapors which cause the same The same does a draught of Vinegar allaied with water being taken in at the mouth Authors do likewise counsel that
be good to give divers daies together made of Sassafras Guajacum with seeds of Fennel Rue and Agnus Castus To the same intent Sulphurous and Bitumenous Baths will be very good such as we have at Baleruca by whose use many are holpen as daily experience shews In this Disease being of long continuance besides the remedies aforesaid it will be good to purg the Patient frequently by usual Pills Syrups or Potions VVhich may be made after this manner Take Troches of Agarick one dram and an half Hiera of Coloquintida one dram Carrot seed Agnus Castus seed of each one scruple mirrh Costoreum Diagrydium of each half a scruple Turpentine as much as shall suffice to make all into a Mass Let her take hereof half a dram or two scruples twice or thrice in a month The following Syrup is mightily extolled by Mercatus as a wonderful Syrup and very prositable for all womb-sick women in his 13. Counsel Take Juice of Herb Mercury and the Cream of Carthamus seeds of each six ounces Scorzonera water seven ounces Sugar as much as shall suffice to make it into a Syrup Add hereunto while it boyls Confection of the Hyacinth stone Confection of Rermes Berries and Pouder of the Electuary de Gemmis that is made of precious Stones of each two drams Let the Dose be two or three ounces Take Briony Roots three drams Senna Leaves half an ounce Agarick two scruples Ginger one scruple Cinnamon one dram Let them steep all night in Fountain water In the straining mix one ounce of syrup of Damask Roses Make hereof a potion to be taken twice or thrice in a month Pilulae foetidae majores that is strong smelling Pils made of Gums taken twice in a month to half a dram are very profitable In such as easily vomit it is good to provok to cast once or twice in a month after this manner Take Agarick cakes troches of Agarick one dram and an half Oxymel one ounce Bawm water and Mugwort water of each three ounces Mix all into a vomiting Potion Chymists give salt of Vitriol in some appropriate water from half a dram to one dram and cry it up for a specifick remedie in womb-fits After all particular evacuations are ended that is after each evacuation some strengtheners are to be administred such as this following Electuary Take Conserve of Rosemary flowers Betony and Bawm of each one ounce and an half Species of the musked Electuary and of Electuary of Calaminth of each half a dram With syrup of Mugwort Make all into an Electuary Treacle by it self is very proper for this occasion which for hotter constitutions may be tempered by the mixture of Conserve of water Lillies Maiden-haire c. But the following pouder is far more effectual which heales old and stubborn womb-fits if it be frequently taken one dram at a time in Wine in a bolus or morsell made up with syrup of Mugwort Take Gentian Roots white Dictamnus tormentill pellitorie Rhaponticum Bistort Aristolochia or Birthwort the rounder Chamelion thistle Bay-berries Angelica Master-wort Coriander seeds prepared annis seed juniper berries Mastich Bole armoniack Terra Sigillata of each two drams and an half Orientall Saffron three ounces and an half Make all into a fine pouder and keep it in a close vessel Neither must we omit such Medicaments which are wont to help these fits by a peculiar property thought to be in them An Example whereof may be this that follows made in Pills because of the ungrateful taste of the Simples Take Assafoetida half a scruple Castoreum Mirrh Galbanum Sagapenum of each one scruple With Honey of Mercury make a Mass of which give the Patient half a scruple or a scruple frequently Platerus makes Pills of extreamly odoriferous Ingredients after this manner Take of Musk six grains Benjamin half a dram Sugar one dram With Cinnamon Water make them into a Mass for Pills The Dose is half a scruple Those Hysterical Waters before set down to be given in the fits may likewise be profitably used out of the fits a spoonful or two in a morning when the Patient is free by way of prevention Mathiolus extreamly commends the Briony Root in these words Briony doth wonderfully help Women subject to strangulations of the Womb so as to free them from their choaking fits and cure them Truly I knew a Woman dayly almost vexed with these fits for a yeer together who being at last taught by an ordinary Herb-man to drink white Wine wherein an ounce of Briony Root had been boyled once in a week when she was going to bed when she had used this Medicine for a yeer together she was perfectly recovered of that Disease The Liver of a Wolf dried and one dram taken may prevent the fits of the Falling-sickness proceeding from the Mother if it be given three or four times after an ordinary Purgation The Chymists do commend Vitriolum Martis that is Vitriolated Steel or chalybeated Vitriol or Salt of Steel whereof they give a grain or two with a double quantity of Sugar many daies together in Wine or other fitting Liquor And the Truth is it may be given to twelve fifteen and twenty grains in some convenient Conserve or it may be made into Pills with Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth Cream of Tartar frequently taken is also very good in the Cure of this Disease These two Medicines do good not only by opening but also by cooling for oftentimes an hot distemper is rooted in the womb of VVomen subject to this Disease arising from Blood retained within its Veins and over-heated as Galen saies in Hypochondriacal Melancholly That there is a burning distemper in the Parts under the short Ribs by reason of blood retained in them by obstructions and there over-heated Those things therefore which have power to cool the Womb are very proper in this case such as are Baths to sit in Vinegar and Water mingled and drunk down or injected and such like Unto which we may add the History related by Dr. Harvey touching the Childing of a woman long afflicted with womb-fits not curable by all that could be done who at length after many yeers was cured by means of the falling out of her womb Because her Womb exposed to the Air was cooled and so its Inflamation and hot distemper was repressed Also the use of Steel it self is much commended by some Practitioners as very convenient for all Infirmities of the VVomb VVhose Preparations look for in our Cure of Obstructions of the Liver Issues made in the Thighs are likewise very good For they derive and turn aside evil Humors from the womb by reason of those Veins which are common to the womb and Thighs Neither are Amulets to be neglected fastened about the Patients Neck and hanging down upon her Navel as we formerly mentioned touching the Elks Claw good in this case Some commend Peucedanum or Hog-fennel root hung in a string about the Neck And our women do with good success wear a piece
known when the motion thereof ceaseth which either the Mother did feel or the Midwife perceive by hâ—r hand laid on or other warm and strengthening things which were wont to awaken and rouse up the powers thereof when they were in a slumber or stupified Also the Mothers find a greater sense of weight with which and pain of the Belly they are troubled when they turn from one side to another they perceive the Child to roul from one side to another like a Stone The lower part of their Belly feels very cold the native heat being extinguished and those spirits dissipated which were formerly in the Child their Eyes become hollow and troubled their face and Lips are pale their extream parts appear cold and of a Leaden-colour their Duggs become slap and flaggy and at length when the Child rots stinking moistures flow from the Womb like water and blood their belly is blown up with vapours asending thereunto a filthy smell and a stinking Breath comes both out of the Mouthes of such women and from their whol bodies If the After-Birth be excluded before the Child it is a certain token that the Child is dead in the Womb. As to the Prognostick A Child dead in the Womb is a very exceeding dangerous thing and if it be not timely voided forth it is wont to cause Feavers Faintings Dead-sleeps Convulsions and death it self Yet somtimes a Child dead in the Womb may be kept a long time as appears by many stories related by divers Authors which Schenkius hath collected in great number as rare Cases and Sennertus hath transcribed out of him touching many Women which have voided the Bones of Children dead and putrefied in the womb by their Water-gate their Dung-gate and by a Swelling that broke in their Belly I have seen one Woman which voided all the bones of her child by her Navel and her Navel growing afterwards whol again she recovered her perfect health The Cute consists wholly in the Exclusion or Extraction of the Child for seeing great danger of life at ends the Mother so long as the dead Child is in her Womb as soon as ever by the foregoing signs we certainly collect the Child is dead we must make hast to force it out Which is done by the same Remedies which were formerly propounded to hasten the Birth But among them we must chuse out the most strong and effectual whereunto some other things may be added which are yet stronger after this manner Take Leaves of Savin dried round Birth-wort Roots Troches of Mirrh and Castoreum of each one dram Cinnamon half a dram Saffron a scruple Mix all into a Pouder The Dose is a dram in Savin Water Or Take Dictamnus Creticus Savin Borax of each a dram Mirrh Asarum Roots Cinnamon Saffron of each half a dram Mix and make all into a Pouder The Dose is a dram in the foresaid or such like Liquor In the mean time let the Fomentations aforesaid be applied to the Privities the Share and space between the Water and the Dung-Gate adding Briony Roots Roots of wild Cucumer Florentine Orice round Birthwort called Aristolochia rotunda and Broom-flowers After Fomentation anoint the said Parts with Vnguentum de Arthanita or with this following Take Aristolochia rotunda or round Birthwort Coloquintida and Agarick of each one dram Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Wine and Bulls Gall of each two drams With Oleum Cherinum as much as shall suffice Make all into an Oyntment Also let this Pessary be put up into the Womb Take Aristolochia rotunda Orice Root Black Hellebore Coloquintida Mirrh of each one dram Galbanum Opopanax of each half a dram With Ox Gall make all into a Pessary Or this Take Ammoniacum Opopanax Castorium Sagapenum black Hellebore wild Vine round Birthwort Pulp of Coloquintida Scammony of each one scruple Euphorbium one dram With Juyce of Rue Bindweed wild Cucumer and an Oxes Gaul make all into a Pessary Zacutus Lusitanus in Obs â—54 of the Second Book of his strange and Admirable Cures doth testisie that a dead Child in the ninth months growth producing many Symptomes in the Mother was driven out by this Pessary and by help of an Oyly Bath wherein was mixed the Decoction of such Herbs as do open and widen the Passages of the Body A Fumigation of Galbanum or an Asses Hoof may be received by a Funnel into the Womb. If the Matter hang long it will be good the woman being sufficiently strong to give her a purging Medicine whereby evil Humors which in this case are easily collected may be evacuated and the dead Child comequently cast forth Angelus Sala in his Book which he calls Triumphus Emeticorum that is the Triumph of Vomits doth witness That in this case he had often with happy success given four or five grains of Mercurius vitae which doth most powerfully expel the dead Child and excel all other Medicines in that point Which notwithstanding in regard of its vehement working requires great Caution and Discretion in the Physitian that would use it If after Medicines long tried the dead Child cannot be ejected we must implore the Chyrurgions aid Who may pull it out either by Instruments as Paulus Aegineta describes the manner or only help of the hand as is taught by Carolus Stephanus Bauthine and others all which are diligently transcribed by Schenkius and Sennertus Chap. 20. Of the After-birth retained IN a Natural Birth commonly the Secundine is excluded presently after the Child yet somtimes it is retained in the Womb by which means the Mother is in great Danger of her life The internal Causes of this retention are the over thickness of those coats and their too great compactness by which means they cling more fast to the sides of the Womb their being swelled through conâ—luence of humors which is stirred up in a laborious Travel weakness of the Mother caused by hard Labor so that she wants strength to exclude the After-Birth and the shutting up of the Mouth of the womb after the Child is come away But the external causes are the Cold Air by force whereof the Secundine is repelled and the Wombs mouth stopped Certain smells by which the Womb may be enticed upwards or agitated some greivous passion of mind as fear or suddain terror or frowardness of the Childing woman which will not abide in such a posture nor use such endeavours as are necessary to this work the over great weight of the Infant by which the Navil-string is broak unawards and the secundine is left within and the Error of an unexperienced Midwife which cuts the Navil-strings too soon or holds them not fast in her leâ—t Hand as she ought to do for if she let them go they are drawn back into the Womb and there lie hid with the After-Birth which they ought to have holpen to pull out The Tokens of a Secundine retained are needless its apparant of it self yet somtimes a bit thereof is severed from the whol and
Blood come away blood ought to be again taken from the same Vein that putrid blood residing in the innermost parts of the Body may the sooner be drawn forth But if at first corrupt blood be taken away blood is next time to be taken out of the other Arm and afterwards out of the former again and so in course as oft as need shal require But if the Symptomes declare that the Putrefaction is in the inner branch of the Vena Cava descendent as heat and pain in the Loyns redness and thickness of the Urine after two or three Blood-lettings in the Arms it wil be convenient to draw Blood out of the Vena Saphena two or three several times If in the latter Blood-lettings some part of the Blood seem laudable and not so putrid as before it 's a sign that Nature doth repair and restore new good blood instead of the corrupt blood which hath been taken away Contrarily If the more is taken away the worse it comes it s a sign the Disease grows worse and that Putrefaction is encreased whence there is reason to fear a stupefaction of the Internal Parts The Vein in the bending of the Arm or the Basilica of the Mediana is for the most part to be opened in the right Arm most commonly somtimes in the left viz. when more distention is felt under the short Ribs on the left than on the right side Yet somtimes a Vein is profitably opened in the Foot if Revulsion be necessary and the Patient weak the Matter of the Disease being in the Head and the sick person molested with Head-ach and want of rest Frictions are seldom used in putrid Feavers unless it be in the Swooning Feavers the Cure of which we shall set down in the Cure of the Symptomes of Putrid Feavers towards the end of the next Chapter But Cupping-Glasses are more frequently used as being the Substitutes of Blood-letting in whose stead they serve when Weakness or Age of the Patient will not permit a Vein to be opened Medicinal Remedies are comprehended under a double kind whereof some are Evacuative others Alterative Under the Evacuative we comprehend Purgatives Vomitories Sudoroficks and Diureticks Under the Alterative we comprehend Coolers Attenuaters Cutters Openers and Strengtheners Of all which we shal set down the Composition and use in order according to the usual Method of Practice And that we may begin with Purgatives it s a great Question among Authors Whether or no they ought to be used in the beginning of Feavers Which Controversie omitting all Circumlocutions is thus determined In respect of the Matter immediately producing a continual putrid Feaver which is contained in the greater Veins Purgation is not convenient in the beginning unless the said Matter do heave and work being so stirred by Nature provoked by the ill quality thereof and endeavoring to expel it that thereby it becomes more disposed for expulsion and there be danger by the foresaid working thereof lest it rush into some noble part howbeit this seldom happening for the most part the Concoction thereof is to be expected before we undertake to evacuate the same by Purging Medicines But in respect of the Matter contained in the first Region if it be very much and do encrease the Feaver oppress Nature and divert her from concocting of that which is in the Veins Purgatives may be given the next day after Blood-letting but they must be gentle such as evacuate only the first Region Now that naughty Humors and Excrementitious do abound in the first Region that is to say in the Stomach Guts Mesentery or about the Midrif may be known by Stomach-sickness Bitterness of the Mouth Thirst Pain of the Stomach or some other part contained in the lower Belly Loosness of the belly and other Symptomes in regard of which Purgation is somtimes to be practised before Blood-letting Now the Medicines for this intent must be Cassia Manna Tamarinds Catholicum Electuarium lenitivum Diaprunum simplex Syrupus Rosaceus de Cichorio cum Rhabarbaro which may divers waies be compounded after this manner Take Cassia newly drawn one ounce Tamarinds half an ounce With Sugar make it into a Bolus Or Take Catholicum six drams Elect. lenitive or Diaprunes simple half an ounce Cream of Tartar one dram Make all into a Bolus Or Take Leaves of Endive Cichory Sorrel of each half a handful Tamarinds half an ounce Boyl all to three ounces In the strained Liquor dissolve Catholicum half an ounce Manna and Syrup of Roses of each an ounce Mix all into a Potion If you desire your Medicine a little stronger you may ad a dram or four scruples of Rhubarb infused in Endive or Cichory Water with yellow Sanders Yea and somtimes if the Feaver be not very strong two or three drams of Senna may be added to the Decoction Some reject Rhubarb because it heats also Manna and Syrup of Roses because being sweet they are soon turned into Choller But with cooling Waters or Decoctions Rhubarb being infused or Manna and such like dissolved can do no hurt especially if to the said Decoctions Tamarinds be added which are much commended to this intent or if the Pulp thereof be given dissolved in the Potion Some in Chollerick Feavers do use the Whey of Goats Milk and that very pertinently for it tempers the heat of the Feaver evacuates Choller and strengthens the Bowels In a Cup of Whey they steep all night one dram or one dram and an half of Rhubarb or they add two or three ounces of Syrup of Roses and so give it in the morning and afterward they give the Patient a quart of Whey more to drink that all the Whey may not be infected with the tast of the Medicament That kind of Purgation which is practised in the beginning of putrid Feavers the Vulgar Physitians call Minorative purgation and that which is practised when the morbifick matter is concocted they call eradicative purgation which is also convenient in the beginning as was said in the Judgment of Hippocrates if the matter be turgent Now this same turgescence and boyling as it were of the matter is known hereby because the Patient perceives in divers Parts light Pains which soon go away and shift suddenly from place to place and hath divers collours of the Face and other Parts so that somtimes there is a redness and then again a paleness in some Part of the Face And in a word the Patient is exceedingly tormented with anxiety and unquietness continually tumbling and tossing Howbeit that Rule of Hippocrates touching the use of Purgation when the morbifick matter doth ferment and work in the Patients body is not observed in ordinary Practice but when the Humors appear in their fermentation and Motion we do more safely apply our selves to Blood-letting and by that means we do more readily present the rushing of the stirred Humors into any noble Part which being agitated by the Purgation may more easily flow into the said Parts Somtime
larger Housleek and Camphire or Vnguentum Populeon or Oyl of Roses Lillies and Poppies or with an Epithem made of Plantane Water Rose Water Vinegar of Roses and Camphire or with a Mixture of Rose Water Oyl of Roses and Vinegar all which are to be applied actually cold in the Summer and a little less than blood-warm at other Seasons of the Yeer Disquietness and tumblings and tossings which are wont to happen in the Feaver Assodes and in the Fits of a Tertian Ague are best cured by purging away the Chollerick Humor which vexes and frets upon the Stomach and other sensible parts and that by Vomit or Stool according as Nature seems more or less to affect the one or other way also it may be drawn downwards by Clysters and presently all Art is to be used to make the Patient rest and cold Drink is given as also cooling Juleps whereunto somtimes Syrup of Poppies or a little Laudanum may profitably be added Swooning Fits are wont to happen in those kind of Feavers which are commonly called Febres Syncopales or Swooning Feavers of which there are two kinds as was said before and the one is called Minuta the other Humorosa The Cure of which Feavers much differing from the Cure of other Putrid Feavers we have reserved unto this place in regard of the said Symptome of Swooning The Minuta Syncopalis which is bred of Chollerick Humors sharp and venemous must be cured after this manner Let the Air be cold and moist and a little astringent that dissipation of the substance of the Body may be thereby prevented Let the Patients Diet be thin cooling and restorative of the Broth of Chickens boyled with Sorrel Purslain c. To which may be added Rose-water Juyce of Pomegranates and a little Sugar Bread steeped in the Juyce of Pomegranates or of Oranges may be given if a more liberal Diet is to be granted as also Cream of Barley or Panada's with Juyce of Lemmons or Pomegranates Also Restorative Broths of pressed Flesh with the foresaid Juyces To the stronger sort are given the Yolks of Eggs with Juyce of sowr Grapes the Stones of Cocks the Flesh of Pullets Hens Partridges qualified with the aforesaid Juyces Let the Patients drink with their Meat if they have no Inflamation of any bowel thin Wine not very old nor yet new and windy or Beer that is indifferent strong not new or very stale When they eat not or otherwise if there be Inflamation let their Drink be Barley Water or Water in which a piece of a Loaf hath been boyled with Syrup of Pomegranates Lemmons Citrons Julep of Roses c. Sleep is good out of the Paroxysm but in the same it hurts And finally special Care must be taken that nothing provoke the Patient to Anger Sadness and the like Passions In the Paroxysm Resolution of the Spirits must be prevented by blowing cool Air with Fans upon the Patients and by sprinkling them with sweet smelling Waters Their Face must be sprinkled with cold Water or Water of Roses and Vinegar minled With which the Stones of Men and the Dugs of Women must be bathed cold If Heat and Spirits will not be revoked from the Heart to the outward Parts of the Body it is to be revelled and forced back by binding of the extream Parts and by nipping and pinching them also pluck the Patients often by the Nose pluck them by their Hair and call upon them often by their Christen Name Give of the Crum of White-bread steeped in the Juyce of Pomegranates of thin fragrant Wine tempered with Rose-Water and when necessity urges some Cinnamon Water mingled with Rose Water In the mean space Restorative Broths are not to be omitted wherewith Confectio Alkermes and such like may be mingled Also Cordial Potions are often to be given out of a Spoon made after this manner Take Water of Roses two ounces Orange flower Water one ounce Cinnamon Water half an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram Pearls prepared and Coral prepared of each half a scruple Sugar Cakes made with Pearl six drams Mix all and make thereof a Julep or Cordial Potion To these may be added the Electuaries and Conserves and Preserves described in the foregoing Chapter Also the inner side of a Loaf hot out of the Oven sprinkled with Rose water and Vinegar may be applied to the Patients Nostrils and Mouth To the Heart Cooling and strengthening Epithems may be applied To straiten the Pores and prevent the Evaporation of the Patients strength and Spirits wrap them in Linnen sprinkled with Pouder of Roses Balaustians and Sanders or let their shifts be sprinkled with Rose water and a little Vinegar Let their whol Body especially the Back be anointed with this following Liniment Take Oyl made of unripe Olives one ounce and an half Mirtles Quinces and Mucilage of Seeds of Flea-bane of each six drams Gum Arabick dissolved in rose-Rose-Water two drams white Wax as much as shal suffice make all into a Liniment A special regard is to be had of the stomach because the Humor offending is cheifly there collected Now the region there of must be anointed with Oyl of Roses and Quinces and then also may be laid on a Toast of Bread wet in Juyce of Quinces and unripe Pomegranats Or if it be afflicted with great heat soment the stomach blood-warm with a Decoction of Purslain and Roses oâ— with Juyce of Night-shade Purslain Sowr-Grapes adding thereto Oyl of Roses and Quinces The Swooning Fits being removed and the Patient strengthened we must bend our minds to remove the Feaver and its Cause Which may be done by Alteratives and Evacuators proper for turning Feavers which we have described in their proper place viz. Where the Cure of burning Feavers is set down The Cure of the second sort of Swooning Feavers which is called Febris Syncopolis Humorosa which is caused by abundance of Flegmatick and crude Humors is in a manner contrary to the Cure of the Minuta newly described For the Air ought to be temperate inclining to heat light pure and dry Meats of good Juyce easily digested prepard with Hyssop Fennel and such like Herbs Let their drink be thin and not very strong Let their sleep and Watchings be Moderate But Frictions or artificial Rubbings of the Body and by Galen much extolled in this Case In the 12. Method Cap. 3. They must be used from the beginning of the Disease with Course Cloaths beginning above and so Rubbing downwards first on the Thighs and Legs afterwards on the Arms shoulders and Back Let the Cloaths with which the Frictions are performed be first Smoaked with Storax Lignum Aloes Frank-Incense Cloves c. When after friction the Limbs are lustily warm anoint them with Oyl of Dil of Chamomel of Orice of Castus and others of a resolving Faculty Such Frictions as these are highly commended because they call the natural Heat and spirits together with the Humor offending which did Choak the natural strength into the outward
on the Well-day but without sweating Somtimes also the Length of Tertian Agues arises from the evil disposition of some of the Bowels especially of the Liver and Melentery which cannot be Cured by purgations though never so oft repeated because that evil Quality remaining stil in the Liver causes new Morbifick Matter daily to breed which produces new Fits Which evil Disposition or Quality of the Bowels is taken away by Diureticks Sudorosicks and other resolving Medicaments With which faculties these following simples are endued viz. Wormwood Centory Carduuâ— Roots of Dictamnus of pimpernel Tormentil c. Of which are made Decoctions Pouders and such like which must be given for divers daies together before the Fit A dram of Uenice Treacle is ordinarily given with white Wine before the Fit three times one after another Some give a walnut preserved in Sugar or Honey after the same manner When the Heat of Uenice Treacle is feared it is at first given by it self and a draught of plantain-Plantain-Water is given after it My Master Varandaeus did often use this as a Specifick Medicine A Cup of Hippocras given before the Fit wil work the same effect with which pleasant Medicine many have been Cured Yet must it carefully be observed that these remedies must not be given till the Patient hath been diligently Purged Zechius Frequently used these following Pils which are most effectual for opening Obstructions strengâ—hening the Liver and taking away the distempers of the Bowels Take Treches of Rhubarb of Eupatorium and of Wormwood of each half a dram Pouder of Diarrhodon Abbatis one scruple with Syrup of Wormwood make a Mass of Pils Of which let the Patient take one dram in the morning three daies together drinking after them a draught of Broath made with Cichory and Maiden-Hair Montanus was wont to give many daies together a scruple of Troches of Rubarb or of Wormwood with Broath in which Barley Parseley Roots Cichory and Borrage have Boyled Let the Region of the Liver be anointed morning and evening before Meals with a Liniment made of two ounces of Ceratum Santalinum Juyce of Cichory half an ounce Juyce of Wormwood two drams and a little Vinegar of Roses In lâ—ke manner let the Region of the stomach be anointed with this Liniment Take Nard Oyl Oyl of Wormwood and of Quinces of each half an ounce Gallia Moschata one scruple white Wax as much as shall be requisite Make al into a Liniment Besides the Medicaments hitherto propounded which respect a regular and Methodical Cure there are many other specifick and Empirick Medicaments both internal and external both commended by Practitioners and frequently used by the common People out of the almost infinite number whereof I shal here set down such as are the choicest And among these Medicines may be reckoned such things as were before propounded to amend the evil Quality of the Liver and Mesentery which is wont to make long Agues whereunto these things following may profitably be added And in the first place Spirit of Sulphur in a Legitimate Tertian or one very neer Legitimate after bleeding and Purging being given with Purslain Water in the vigor of the Fit doth powerfully extinguish the heat of the Feaver and if the Humor be thin drives the same out by sweat that there remaines no matter for a new Fit and so is the Disease Somtimes pluckt up by the Roots It is given from half a scruple to a scruple with four ounces of Purslain Water And somtime the said spirit is mingled with Salt of Wormwood which is also of great Efficacy in the Cure of Agues the Composition is thus Take Salt of Wormwood half a dram Spirit of Sulphur a scruple Carduus Water four ounces Mix them Let the Patient take it when the Fit Approaches and he covered with many Cloathes Some Affirm that the Juyce of Plantain Clarified and drunk to the Quantity of four ounces an hour before the Fit doth Cure a Tertian Ague Some give it with Vineger and Saffron after this manner Take of the Juyce of Plantain four ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce Saffron three grains Mix them and give the Patient to drink two hours before the Fit Manardus prefers a Decoction of Chamomel or the distilled Water thereof to the Quantity of four ounces two hours before the Fit A Medicine commonly used and often successful is a little Potion made of Rose-Water Plantain Water and Aqua Vita of each a spoonful given before the Fit These following are outwardly applied Take Leaves of Hyssop and Tansie cut smal of each a pugil Mirrh two drams Mace Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each half a dram Venice Turpentine and Juyce of Tansey of each one ounce Mix all and spread them upon a Rose-Cake fried in a frying Pan with Canary Wine which being covered with a Linnen Cloath must be applied hot to the Region of the stomach an hour before the Fit Or Take Wormwood and Green Mint of each a pound Crust of Bread toasted and steeped in Vinegar half a pound pulp of Quinces or Conserve of Quinces made with Honey two ounces Mastich half an ounce Mace and Nutmeg of each two drams Let al be beaten and lustily wrought together with Oyl of Quinces Make hereof a Cataplasm to be applied before the Fit It provokes sweat and takes away the Pains of the stomach Or Take Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon of each three drams Mirrh and Ginger of each two drams Make al into a Pouder mix it with Liquid Pitch and make thereof a Plaister for the stomach Also this following Cataplasm may profitably be applied to the Liver Take white Sanders and Red of each one dram Barley Meal two drams Aloes half an ounce Flowers of Violets and Roses dried of each one dram With Juyce of Wormwood and Vinegar make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Region of the Liver one hour before the Fit Neither are those Medicines wholly to be rejected which the common people are wont to apply unto the Wrists of such as have Agues For not only the Opinion of People is hereby satisfied who conceive that many are cured with these Remedies but somwhat they may effect by communicating their vertues unto the Heart by those notable Arteries which are scituate in the Wrists The chief of which kind of Medicines are these that follow Take Leaves of Plantane Celondine the great of each one handful Cobwebs Nettle Seeds Soot from the Chimney and common Salt of each one dram the strongest Vinegar as much as shall suffice Make of all a Cataplasm to be applied to the Wrists a little before the fit and to be repeated fresh three or four times Mous-Ear beaten with Salt and Vinegar is by some accounted of great efficacy being applied to the Wrists before the fit Of some the smallest sort of Housleek or Mous-teat is commended being used after the same manner Others commend the Leaves of Shepheards-purse beaten with Salt and Vinegar Platerus applies unto the Wrists
present remedy against poisons and drives them out of the body by sweat or insensible transpiration And they Conceive that Plant to be the Common ordinary food of Those beasts in which the Bezoar stone is found and that the stone hath its vertue primarily from thence A scruple or half a dram of this Root poudered may be given in Carduus matter or other medicaments Mendererus cries up this following pouder Take Sugar Candy three drams white-ginger two drams Camphire one dram Make al into a pouder the dose one dram in some convenient liquor But the Author doth advise that in great paines of the head or stomach Camphire is warily to be used which yet he highly commends in pestilential diseases and avouches that seasonably given il doth more good than the most precious bezoardick medicaments I conceive the pouder is too hot because of the Ginger and I have Composed this following in imitation thereof Which I have vsed with happy success Take mineral Bezoar three drams Sal prunella two drams Camphire one dram Make of all a pouder Give one dram at a time in Carduus water or som other convenient Liquor Pouders may likewise be made of the fragments of precious stones whose vertues many deride others as much admire so that from the times of the Arabian Physitians to our days many compositions are prepared of them in the shops as Electuarium de Gemmis Confectio de Hyacintho But in pestilential and venemous diseases many have extolled the great vertu of the Smaragd amongst the rest Avenzoar Mindererus and Zacutus Lusitanus Avenzoar 2 Teisir tract 1. Cap. 5. That himself being poysoned was thereby cured Mindererus Lib. de Pestilentia Cap 15. Relates that to a woman in a Pestilential Feaver who abhorred al Physick he gave the following Pouder which she might easily swallow haveing neither tast nor smel which when shee had taken the conbustions of cruel symptomes being allaied and the disease turning to health she was cured Take of the Smaragd stone prepared East-india Bezoar of each six grains Hyacinth prepared three graines mix them Make of all a pouder for one Dose And Zacutus Lusitanus relates that a Portugal Gentleman haveing through poyson fallen into a loosness and a Consumption from which no abstersives astringents or Antidotes could free him he was cured only by the Smaragd the pouder whereof to the quantity of twelve graines he tooke every other day in conserve of quinces and when he had taken it five times he was cured of his Loosness The Physitians of Mountpelier doe use in this Feaver as a most profitable Antidote no ways heating the Troches of Vipers which are usually prepared as an ingredient into Andromachus Treacle which they give from one scruple to half a dram in cordial waters or Juleps Yet the flesh of vipers were better being dried which hath no venemous quality as people imagine but is rather a potent Antidote which is much abated by boiling for it is boiled in water to make the troches So that we see greater effects wrought only by the heart and Liver of vipers being dryed without any other preparation The Alexipharmick Medicaments of the third Tribe viz. The Diaphoreticks and sweaters must be given only in the state or declination of the disease as was said before which is to be understood when they are given in a feaver simply malignant or spotted for in the true Plague they must be used at the very beginning that the venemous qualitie which would quickly kill the Patient may be suddenly and potently opposed and the malignant vapors discussed Yea verily and in simple malignant Feavers if the venemous quality seem to be greater than the putrefaction they are likewise to be given at the beginning in small quantity making choyce of such as are least hot mixing them with Juleps and other cooling medicines formerly precribed Now of these Diaphoretick medicaments there are divers degrees for som are more hot as Angelica Zedoary Dictamnum Treacle Mithridate Treakle water which are never to be given when the heat of the Feaver is at the highest but only when the same is much abated and when the signs of malignity do very much prevail But others are less hot as Scabious Carduus Mead-sweet Scordium which may safely be given though the Feaver be in it's height And these distinctions are carefully to be observed in practice and as for the formes of particuliar medicaments every Physitian can vary them according to the different degree of the Feaverish Heat and of the Malignitie But I shall here discribe such as are most effectuall Take water of Mead-sweet and Carduus of each two ounces juice of Lemmons one ounce old Treakle half a dram two scruples or one dram according as the fear of heating the Patient is more or less Mix al into a potion give it warm and cover the patient somwhat more than ordinary if there be great vehemency of symptoms new Treakle wil be more convenient because of the vigor of the Opium by means of which the vehemency of the symptoms will be allaied and the boyling of the Humors wil be restrained yea and somtimes when it seems unconvenient to use Treakle as in the beginning of the disease especially Laudanum Opiatum given to two grains mingled with Antidotes do much good For by the Narcotick and congealing power thereof those fervent Spirits so vexatious to the Heart are as it were fixed and the morbifick matter which is most pernicious while it is in motion is thereby stopped and remains in a manner unmoveable whence it comes to pass that Nature not being provoked by the malignant humors and spirits recollecting her strength doth more easily apply unto her self the vertu of Antidotes Aqua theriacalis seems fit to be preferred before Treacle it self For seeing it is exceeding thin and spiritous it doth more easily and suddenly peirce into and pass through the whol body and Cause sweat And because there are many descriptions of Treacle water their dose ought to differ according as they are compounded of Simples more or less healing I shal in this place propound the chief And first of al the Treacle water of Bauderon is most excellent because it is exceeding temperate For there goes no other Liquor thereinto than Vineger and Juyce of Lemmons by which the hot Ingredients are very much tempered and therefore it may be given from half an ounce to an ounce in Sudorofick decoctions or waters And although this is less heating than any of the rest prescribed by divers other Authors yet have I invented another easily made which is more cooling and does no less oppose the Feaver than the malignant quality and may consequently be used in the whol course of the disease at any period thereof It s composition is as followeth Take twelve fresh and juycie Lemmons Take away the bark or rind and the seeds and press out the fuyce and ad thereunto the said rindes and seeds and three pints of
pint in Spring Water strain it and infuse in it two scruples of the best Agarick Trochiscated of Cinnamon half a scruple strain it again and dissolve in it three drams of Diaphoenicon and one ounce of Syrup of Roses Let this be the Potion to be given with safe Government Or Take Diacatholicon and Diaphoenicon of each half an ounce make it into a Bolus with a little Sugar You may ad two drams of Diacarthamum and take away as much of the Diaphoenicon or you may make it of equal parts of Diacarthamum and Diaphoenicon without the Diacatholicon Or Take Pill Cochie the less two scruples with the Water of Bettony make them into five or six Pills gilded which let him take early in the morning having eaten but a light supper over night The Pills of Agarick and of Cochie the greater are very fit for this purpose For a Pouder Take Senna Turbith Hermodacts of each a scruple Diagridium half a scruple one Clove Give this pouder in Broth fasting After Blood-letting if it be necessary we come to the preparation and purging of the Humors which may be done with the following Apozeme or opening Drink Take the Roots of Cyprus Flower-de-luce Angelica Zedoary and of Elicampane of each one ounce the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Penyroyal Organ Calaminth of each a handful of the tops of Time and Sage of each half a handful Annis seeds Seselis or broad Cummin Fennel seeds of each three drams Liquoris scraped and Raisons stoned of each one ounce the Leaves of Senna sprinkled with Aqua vitae two ounces Carthamus seeds bruised and fresh Polipody of the Oak of each one ounce Agarick trochiscated Turbith Hermodacts of each three drams Ginger and Cloves of Each one dram Stoechas Rosemary Sage and Lavender Flowers of each one Pugil or smal handful Boyl them in fair Water to two pints strain it and ad four ounces of white Sugar clarifie it and aromatize it that is make it sweet with two drams of Cinnamon let this be for four morning draughts In the first and last draught dissolve of Diacarthamum or Diaphoenicon three drams and let him drink it with Physical Regiment Or if you ad no Electuary to the last dose the day following you may give the purging Pills above mentioned After Purging that the Brain may be altered and strengthened and the Medicines purging not leave any offence the Patient may take this Bolus following Take of old Treacle one dram Conserve of Rosemary and Roses of each two scruples with Sugar make a Bolus which let him take in the morning two hours before meat and drink after a smal draught of smal Wine But because this is a stubborn Disease and will not alwaies yield to gentle Medicines we must fly to stronger And then after Purging we must use a sweating Diet which dries and warms the Brain and the whol Body concocts crude and raw humors makes the thick humors thin cuts those which are slimy and clammy clenseth those that are foul and dul and sends forth whatsoever is over moist by Urine Sweat or insensible transpiration For the effect of all which it is very good to use a slender Diet at the time of taking it This Diet drink may be made either of a Decoction of Guajacum or Lignum vitae only or by putting to it some Sassaphras or Roots of Sarsaparilla or those things which are most proper for the Head as the Prudent Physitian shall think fit that wil consider the divers tempers and constitutions of Bodies in respect of which he will prescribe a longer or shorter continuance of this Diet to fifteen twenty or thirty daies Now the Sweating drink is made as followeth Take of Chips of Guajacum and Roots of Sarsaparilla of each two ounces infuse them twenty four hours in four pints of Water upon warm â—mbers then boyl them gently without smoak to the consumption of half strain it through a Hippocras bag and keep it in a glass bottle and give half a pint warm in the morning covering him warm and provoking sweat Take of Sarsaparilla two ounces infuse them twelve hours in twelve pints of Spring Water then boyl them as before to the consumption of the fourth part strain as before adding Coriander seeds Liquoris Sugar or Cinnamon as much as will make it pleasant Use this for ordinary Table Drink at the time of the Diet eating Bisket made with Annis seeds roast Meat not boyled Almonds roasted Raisons Pinenuts Prunes boyled with Sugar and the like This is alwaies to be observed in the use of Sudorofick or Sweating Medicines You must give a Purge once a week and that day omit sweating by reason that sweating expels only the thinner matter leaving the thick which must be sent forth by stool Moreover because by the use of sweating Medicines the Body is often bound you must give a Clyster every third or fourth day If the Disease be not yet cured you may use these bags for the Head in the time of sweat Take of Annis seeds Fennel seeds Bay-berries poudered of each three ounces of Milium or Millet seed or Hyrse one pound of common Salt half a pound Fry them in a Pan powring by degrees a little strong Wine upon them With these fill two bags apply them hot one after another to the mold of the head being shaven do this presently after he hath taken the sweating Potion Then wipe off the sweat and clap this strengthening Plaister to the Head Take of cleer Amber Frankinsence Mastick of each one dram and an half Galbanum Opopanax of each one scruple of Misselto of the Oak two drams male Peony seeds half a dram Oyl of Nutmegs as much as is sufficient Make a Plaister of them in an oval form Or you may use the head strengthening Plaister in the Apothecaries Shops at Mountpelior not in the Dispensatory whose description followeth Take of Storax Benjamin Laudanum of each four ounces Peony roots Flower-de-luce roots Misselto of the Oak Mastich of each one ounce liquid Styrax as much as is sufficient to make a Plaister of which one ounce upon Leather in an oval form may be applied to the Coronal Suture If you desire a more drawing dissolving Plaister which is commonly called Epispastick thus you must make it Take of Emplaster de Mucilaginibus two ounces Flower-de-luce roots Hermodacts Pellitory of Spain Staphisagre Cubebs Pidgeons dung Mustard seed of each one ounce Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon long Pepper and black Pepper of each half a scruple Liquid Styrax as much as is sufficient Make a Body of Plaister and spread a little upon Leather in an oval form for the mold of the head After General Evacuations you may come to Particulars which are made by Errhins or Juyces for the Nostrils sneezing pouders Apoplegmatisms or Medicines chewed in the Mouth Take Leaves of Marjoram Sage and Bettony of each one handful beat them in a Marble stone Mortar sprinkling by degrees Bettony Water and white Wine
of each two ounces Press out the Juyce and make an Errhine which you may make sharper if you ad half an ounce of Flower-de-luce roots It is a custom now adaies to rub the dry Leaves of Tobacco between the fingers and to snuff up the Pouder this fetcheth much humor from the Brain and is at hand But the best Sternutatories are made thus Take the Leaves of Marjoram Sage Rosemary all dried of each half a dram Pellitory of Spain and white Hellebore of each one scruple Musk three grains which with a Quil may be blown into the Nostrils Or Take Ginger and Flower-de-luce Roots or Orrace of each one scruple Castor half a scruple Euphorbium six grains Make them into Pouder But the chiefest smelling Pouder is made of black Hellebore with an equal weight of Sugar Candy finely poudered Which also is excellent for curing a defluxion Apophlegmatismi or Medicines drawing Flegm out of the Head are either called Masticatories that is chewing Medicines or Gargarisms that is Medicines to gargle in the Throat A Masticatory is thâ—s prepared Take of Pellitory of Spain two drams Mustard seed and Stavisagre of each one dram Make them up with white Wax into little Balls of which let one be chewed every morning holding down the head A Flower-deluce root is usual for the same purpose which wil do good in smal infirmities Mastich alone chewed is the mildest Masticatory and it attracts and draws humors to the mouth without heat and inflamation which others do not A Gargarism is thus made Take of Stavisagre half an ounce Mustard seed three drams Pellitory of Spain one dram Boyl them in Water and Honey to three ounces in which dissolve Vinegar of Squils two ounces In the use of these Medicines we must observe That the Evacuation which is made by the Pallat is more beneficial than that which is made from other parts because it is ordained by Nature for the only way by which the Head is to be purged and clensed But the Nose is made for smelling and breathing through and Nature doth oppress and abuse it when she sends forth her superfluous Excrements by it Moreover the way of Evacuation by the Pallat is more safe neither is the Brain so much shaked by it as by sneezing But Errhines or Medicines that purge the head by the Nose do draw forth the matter more violently because not only the quality or vapor of the Medicine stir up the Brain as in Gargarisms but also the very substance it self We must also observe That the use of Errhines or neezings is dangerous when the eyes are sore or the Nostrils are ulcerated or sore and when the patient is inclined to bleeding at the Nose or to a giddiness of the Head which neezings wil suddenly bring by shaking the Brain too violently Liquid and moist Errhines are snuft into the Nose from the palm of the hand or by lying down are powred in but the mouth must first be filled with Water or Wine lest that Medicine come by the Pallat into the mouth although that which passeth through brings the humors more forcibly out of the mouth They must take heed of Gargarisms that are subject to Defluxions or Consumptions Moreover For particular Evacuations we may use Vesicatories or Plaisters that draw blisters to the Nape of the Neck In the Dispensatory of Mountpelior is this Receipt though it be not in any other Take of Galbanum and Ammoniacum of each five ounces of the Pouder of Cantharides or Spanish Flyes one pound and an half Mustard Pepper of each half a pound Virdegreece and Pellitory of Spain of each two ounces and an half Euphorbium one ounce and an half Wax one pound and an half Pitch Rozin and Turpentine of each one pound Oyl a smal quantity One ounce or two of this Plaister spread upon Leather may be applied to the Nape of the Neck The Brain is also strengthened by outward application of Pouders Rhewm-Caps by which it is comforted and made warm and the remainder of the Humor dispersed Take Pouder of Orrace half a pound Storax and Benjamin of each two ounces pouder the Head with them every night and comb it off in the morning This Pouder is very refreshing by its scent strengtheneth the Head dryeth the Hair If you wil make it stronger put Cloves Nutmegs and Cinnamon thereto Take of Stoechas Rosemary Flowers and red Rose Leaves of each half a smal handful dried Bettony two scruples Coriander seed Lignum Rhodii Frankinsence Orrace Nutmeg Mastich of each one scruple Benjamin Vernix Mace and Cloves of each half a scruple Pouder them and wrap them in the thrids of Scarlet or sweet Cotton and with a piece of red Taffety make a Rhewm-Cap for the Head to be sewed in another Cap or to be worn by it self The following Fumigation doth dry the Head Take of Lignum Aloes Frankinsence Mastick cleer Amber yellow Sanders red Rose Leaves Bettony dried of each one dram Cinnamon Mace Cloves Styrax Calamita of each one scruple make them all into gross Pouder which you must sprinkle upon coals of fire and let the Patient take the fume or smoak of it fasting covering his head with a large linnen cloth to preserve the fume and opening his mouth Let him do this twice or thrice in a week But if by Fumes he find pain in his head you may only perfume his night-caps every evening For which use this following is easily prepared Take of Frankinsence Mastich Styrax Calamita Benjoin and Sandarach of each half an ounce Mace and Cloves of each two drams Make gross Pouder of them But because this is a stubborn disease and useth to produce new Flegm after both general and particular Evacuations we shal prescribe those usual Medicines by which the humor may somtimes be drawn away and the Brain preserved longer in that state into which by Physick it is restored To this end you may make a Magistral Syrup of those Drugs which are in the Apozeme or opening drink above written taking three times as much of the purging things as before which he may use twice or thrice in a Month the quantity of two or three ounces in a Decoction of Bettony and Marjoram Or instead of Syrups he may use to take these Pills Take of the best Aloes half an ounce Turbith that is Gummy Hermodacts and Agarick new made up of each two drams Diagridium one dram Ginger and Cloves of each half a scruple Saffron and Salgem of each seven grains Pouder them all and sprinkle them with the Water of Marjoram then dry them in the shade and make them into a Mass or Body with Oxymel of Squils of which let him take half a dram or two scruples once in a week two hours before Dinner The day after his Syrup or Pills as also twice or thrice in a week let him take a quantity of this Opiate or Electuary Take of Conserve of Acorus Roots or of Ginger and Citron Barks candied of each
few hours after bleeding you must purge without respect of time Neither let the Physitian be too curious or fearful in purging since the Disease doth much require it and the time of the disease is not usually long And that purge ought to be very strong because the humor is stubborn and the Sences so drowned that they cannot be rouzed or stirred up without strong Medicines And that Medicine is usually one ounce of the Electuary Diacarthamum dissolved in Bettony Water with half a scruple of Castor Or Take Turbith four scruples Agarick two drams Ginger two scruples Fennel seeds one scruple Castor six grains Infuse them in a sufficient quantity of Bettony Water and in three ounces of it strained dissolve the Electuary Diacarthamum three drams Syrup of Roses one ounce Let him drink it Take of Cochie Pills the less one dram Castor three grains With Bettony Water make seven Pills and if the party cannot swallow them dissolve thâ—â— in Sage Lavender or Bettony Water Or Take of Cochie Pills the greater and Pills of Agarick of each half a dram The Troches of Alhandal Diagridium and Castor of each three grains With Honey of Rosemary make Pills or dissolve it in Sage Water Or this Potion Take of Senna half an ounce of white Agarick one dram and an half of Turbith one dram of Ginger and Galanga half a dram Boyl them in Sage and Rosemary Water In two ounces and an half of the strained Liquor put two drams of Diacarthamum the Electuary and of Castor half a scruple of simple Oxymel half an ounce In a Lethargy the purging Medicines must be milder from the beginning by reason of its continual Feaver accompanying made of Agarick with Rhubarb or Scammony or of Pills of Hiera with â—garick because Choller is that which carrieth the humors to the Head Yet in the progress of the Disease when the matter is flown to the Head and sticks there we may use the Purges above written Trallianus gives one scruple of Scammony with two scruples of Castor in Oxymel by which he hath cured many desperate Lethargies And Oribasius saith That there is no better Medicine for a Lethargy to purge away that flegm which Choller brought to the Head than Scammony and Castor It often happens that the Faculties are so oppressed that Physick wil not work which is an evil sign and such seldom recover But because Celsus saith when things so fall out we must use such Medicines as are at hand if they be proper for the Disease which is so desperate that we may use desperate Medicines For as Serenus saith The Physitians think such Medicines better in desperate cases than for the Patient without tryal to die an easie death And as Celsus saith Many things may be done in time of danger and necessity which may wel be omitted at another time Therefore when we have used those Medicines without any success we may wel rise higher namely To those Medicines which are made of Antimony especially to those which are less vehement and furious as Aqua Benedicta of Dr. Ruland made of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum which purging both upwards and downwards bringeth such a quantity of Flegm not only from the stomach but the brain also as somtimes the Patient is cured only with this Evacuation And I can witness upon my own Experience That I saw a Noble man thrice in two years cured from the Apoplexy with this only Medicine Although some learned men do forbid the use of Vomits in these Diseases yet we must yield to Experience which dayly teacheth us that Children affected with sleeping Diseases are more readily and safely cured by the vomiting Salt of Vitriol than by any other Medicine The Tincture of Tobacco drawn with Aqua vitae and taken in the quantity of two drams with Honey powred down the Throat doth excellently After you have given a purging Medicine before it begins to work and also while it worketh you must think of al those things which cause revulsion of humors and bring them into practice not only frictions or rubbings and ligatures or bindings mentioned before but also Cupping glasses to the back shoulders arms and thighs without scarrification if he was formerly blooded and with scarrification if blood-letting was omitted In an Apoplexy you must not apply Cupping glasses to the Breast or Hypochondria or parts under the Ribs lest the Muscles of the Breast and Belly being contracted the Breath be hindred The chief and only Remedy in an Apoplexy especially is to apply Cupping glasses to the head Which kind of Cure the famous Physitian Fracastorius being taken with an Apoplexy did direct for himself by his Nods and signs but for want of their understanding of them he died Zaeutus Lusitanus in his 33. History and the first Book of the Principal Physitians reports that he cured a desperate Apoplexy by setting a Cupping glass twice upon the hinder part of the Head with deep Scarrification A Veâ—â—catory or Plaister to draw Blisters to the Neck behind and to the Shoulders Let two or three sharp Clysters be given every day Take of Pellitory of the Wall Hylop Calamints Organ Sage Rue and the lesser Centaury of each one handful of Carthamus seeds half an ounce of Fennel and Cummin seeds of each three drams of white Agarick tied in a linnen clout two drams of Coloquintida tied with it one dram and an half Boyl them to one pint strain them and ad to the Liquor of Hiera Picra half an ounce of Diaphoenicon one ounce of Oyl of Rue two ounces Make a Clyster The Chymical Physitians do usually ad two ounces of Aqua Benedicta of Dr. Ruland made of the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum and then it wil work strongly You may give four or six ounces of the same infusion at a time and also you may take it out of the glass wherein the Infusion was made shaking it before that it may have some of the fecies or residents of the Pouder in the bottom to make it more strong Therefore for the most part we do prescribe Clysters of Aqua Benedicta or Vino Emetico that is the Infusion of Crocus Metallorum because in many Diseases especially Chollicks it doth wonders Take of Emollient Decoction for Clysters one pint of Diaphoenicon one ounce of Infusion of Crocus Metallorum shaked together four ounces make a Clyster If the Clyster come not away in due time give this Suppository Take of the pouder of Hiera Picra of Galens prescription two drams of Coloquintida and Agarick the best of each half a dram of Diagridium one scruple Salgem two drams Honey boyled to a sufficient consistence or thickness as much is sufficient make Suppositories It often falls out that the Muscle of the Arse called Sphincter is so weak that a Clyster is given in vain because it cannot be contained which is a desperate condition Apply Castor and Vinegar to the Nose which are said to have a special quality against sleep It is
or a Magistral syrup but give strong Purges only twice in a month letting blood constantly before as is before mentioned In the time of Intermission use Baths preparing Juleps or altering Broths as also strengthning Opiates Besides the vulgar Juleps this following made of Juyces is very profitable Take of the juyce of Borage Bugloss and Pairmains of each three ounces Fumitory and Succory water of each four ounces white Sugar six drams boyl clarifie and aromatize them with yellow Saunders and take six ounces thereof morning and evening You may make Opiats as followeth Take of Conserve of Roses Violets and Bugloss of each one ounce Conserve of Tamarisk-flowers Clove-gilli-flowers Candâ—ed Lettice-stalks and Citron-peels candâ—ed of each half an ounce one Emblick Myrobalon candied Confection of Alkermes and Hyacynths of each three drams the Pouder of the Electuary called Diamargariton Frigidum and Laetificans Galeni of each one dram Coral and Pearl prepared of each half a dram with the syrup of sweet-smelling Apples make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a Chesnut drinking after it a little oâ— his Julep or of some other proper liquor Tablets also may be made in this manner Take of Confectio Alkermâ—â— two drams Species de Gemmis and Diamargariton Frigidum of each half a dram Sugar dissolved in the juyce of Apples four ounces make Tablets of the weight of two drams and give one for a Dose Sometimes we may try Specifical Medicines and Amulets or things to be hanged about the Neck of which sort Sennertus hath many but we wil mention only one which is in a Noble Family of Montpelior is accounted as an Hereditary Secret which is this Take of Balm-flowers one handful chop them small and infuse them in four ounces of the spirit of Wine then ad of prepared Pearl half a dram mix them and give two spoonfuls at à time while you use these things you must with all possible art procure sleep by Medicines both internal and external such as you have for the Cure of the Phrenzie And besides external sleeping Medicines you must apply such Remedies outwardly to the head which may temper and allay the vehement heat and fury thereof And these must not only be cooling but also more moistning and in the beginning of the Disease repelling Therefore in the beginning Oyl of Roses Violets Dill and Chamomil are very good After you must leave out the Oyl of Roses but when you wil Cool more you must ad the Oyl of the Cold Seeds and Poppyes And lastly that they may be brought into the form of a Liniment you may ad Butter or the Mucilage of Linseed or Fenugreek An Epithem thus made is very good Take of the water of Water-Lillies one pint Sal. Prunella one ounce Camphire one scruple mix them and apply double cloaths dipped therein to the fore-part of the Head And Epithem of Sal. Saturni or Salt of Lead with Rose-water is very profitable As also that which is formerly mentioned made of Rose-water red Saunders being infused therein with Musk and Camphire The Chymists prefer the Balsom of Lead and anoint the Head therewith as with a Liniment But in the height of the Disease it is very necessary to apply some Creature newly killed or some part of it and especially a sheeps Lungs which must be warmed again in hot water after it is grown cold Some use stronger Discussients in the declination of the Disease and also in the vigor of it after sufficient evacuation this following Fomentation is of wonderful Vertue Take of the Head Herbs with their flowers as many as you think fit boyl them in Spring water then take of Bay-berries and the Roots of black Hellebore of each as much as will suffice beat them grosly and sew them into a long Bag and then let it boyl in the Decoction before mentioned Afterwards for Nine dayes together Take Two Pints of the Decoction and Foment the Head being shaved with double Cloatâ—s for the space of an hour after apply the Bag to the Coronal Suture binâ—ing it about with linnen Cloaths Let the Patient lie down and rest if he can then wil he Purge by al the Emunctuaries of the Brain and also somwhat by stool so wil the filth sticking to his Skul and Brain be wonderfully dissolved which few other Medicines can perform Lastly Apply a Cautery to the Coronal Suture which is much approved by Gordonius who confirms the benefit of it by the Hist of a certain Mad-man who had a wound in his Head with a Fracture of the Scull and was â—â—â—y wel as long as it was Open but still when it was Healed grew mad again Although the Brain be principally affected in this Disease yet other parts are to be altered especially the Heart and Liver with Epithems and Liniments prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy CHAP. XIV Of Melancholly MElancholly is a Doting or Delirium without a Feaver with fear and sadness It is distinguished from a Phrenzy by want of Feaver and from Madness by Fear and Sadness because that comes with Fury and Boldness We say this Disease hath no Feaver namely of its own nature of it self but a Feaver may Accidentally be joyned with it For nothing hindereth but a continual or intermitting Feaver may happen to one in this Disease but this Feaver wil not be essentially in it as in a Phrenzy where a Feaver is essential to the Disease But we may doubt how Fear and Sadness may be said to be of the essence of Melancholly when we perceive that in many Melancholick people there is much laughter and appearance of joy For some laugh some sing some think themselves to be very rich Kings and Monarchs We Answer That there are divers degrees of Melancholly and divers mixtures of Melanchollick humors with others from whence come varieties of Passions so that they who have much blood or flegm mixed with Melancholly may have joy and Cheerfulness but that Disease is not at that time a true Melancholly but is more like foolishness Also great variety of Doting ariseth from the various disposition of the Melanchollick humor Hence it is that some think themselves to be Kings Princes Prophets Others that they are made of Glass or Potters-Clay or that they are barely Corns ready to be devoured by the Hens Some think they are melting Wax and dare not approach the Fire Others That they are Dogs Cats Wolves Cuckows Nightingales or Cocks whose voyces they imitate Others fancy themselves dead and will neither eat nor drink Others dare not piss least they should drown the World by a second Deluge Some think they have lost their heads or some other Member or that they carry the world upon their fingers end or that they have Sparrows in their heads or Serpents Frogs Mice and other Creatures in their Bellies The immediate Cause of Melancholly that I may use the words of Galen is a dark spirit or vapor very black for when the Animal Spirits
but you must mix some thickning things that may constrain the humor as red Roses Mastich Coriander Nutmeg and other things which we shall declare more at large in the hot Catarrh You may make an Errhine for this purpose as followeth Take of Marjoram Water four ounces the Juyce of Bettony one ounce Nigella or Gith seeds poudered half a dram Nutmeg one scruple For rich people you may ad two grains of Musk and Amber-greece Or Take of Lignum vitae one ounce Spring Water one pint Infuse it all night upon warm embers then boyl it to the consumption of half adding in the conclusion sweet Marjoram and red Rose leaves of each two pugils So when the matter is but thin you may make a Masticatory either of Mastich alone or after this manner Take of Nutmeg one dram Mastich and Gum Arabick of each half a dram Pouder them with Rose water make Troches to chew The best Neesing is made of black Hellebore and Sugar equal parts The Extract of Tobacco made in Aqua vitae and held under the tongue in the bigness of a Pease brings forth abundance of Water but if you take too much or swallow it down it will cause violent vomiting We have shewed that Cauteries to the Arms hinder part of the Head and behind the Ears are very good as also to the nape of the Neck and Shoulders which are now adaies in great request But there is a new place found out by some namely in the Neck neer the Jugular veins between the Muscles And by this means two men have been cured of old Catarrhs which caused hoarsness Finally After convenient Evacuations things that strengthen the Brain and dry it are to be used both internally and externally as Opiates Pouders Bags Fumes described in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Head But you must remember to put unto them some Conserve of Roses Nutmeg or white Frankinsence when you cure a Catarrh The Decoction of Mastich Wood used as a Sudorifick dries the Brain and stops Defluxions For which the following things are good Take of Coriander seed prepared half an ounce Nutmeg and Frankinsence of each three drams Liquoris and Mastich of each two drams Cubebs one dram Conserve of red Roses one ounce white Sugar dissolved in Rose water ten ounces Make a Confection in little rolls weighing three drams Let him take one morning and evening These following Troches are much commended by Solenander Cons 10. Sect. 4. which he borrowed which he borrowed from both the Ancient Greeks and Arabians Take of the best Frankinsence and Juyce of Liquoris of each one dram Opium Saffron and Mirrh of each one scruple With Syrup of Poppies make Troches or Pills to be taken now and then two scruples or half a dram at a time These Tablets following are very good Take of Diambra and Diamoschi dulcis of each one dram white Amber one scruple Oyl of Annis seeds three drops Sugar dissolved in Lavender Water four ounces Make Tablets of two drams in weight take one morning and evening The Balsom for the Head prescribed in the Chapter for the cold distemper after the Opiate is excellent taken inwardly and into the nostrils Lac Sulphuris and the flower of Brimstone are commended by Chymists for the Cure of a Catarrh and the Galenists use it much in Tablets In a new Catarrh Water of Nuts with Hydromel given three nights together doth much hinder it Shave the fore part of the head and apply a Cataplasm of two ounces of Leaven and two drams of Amber But if the Patient will not permit his head to be shaved let it be cut and lay a bag of Chamepits or Groundpine mixt with Amber Besides the afore mentioned Fumes one made of Tacamahaca is excellent for it dries a Catarrh and hinders his Motion neither is the scent too strong but the Patient may shut it into his chamber without offence It is profitable to dry the Head with bags of Bran Gromwel and Salt Leaves of Sage Bettony French Lavender Annis seeds Fennel seeds and the like Lastly If the Disease be stubborn all those Medicines which are mentioned in the cold distemper of the head are to be used A hot Catarrh is Cured by Medicines which discharge the matter offending and which do thicken it and revel it as also by correcting the distemper of the parts sending and receiving it For this end first let blood if nothing hinder by which the humor flowing is revelled and the sharpness abated Then carry away part of the humor by a gentle Purge which may no waies stir violently the humors as followeth Take of the best Rhubarb four scruples Citrine Myrobalans rubbed with the Oyl of sweet Almonds half a dram yellow Sanders half a scruple Infuse them in Lettice and Purslain Water and strain it adding of Manna and Syrup of Roses Solutive of each one ounce Make a Potion Or instead of the Waters afore mentioned you may make a Decoction of cold Herbs and Tamarinds to which you may put your Purgatives Then you must alter and thicken the humor with convenient Juleps Take of Lettice Purslain and Plantane of each one handful the four great cold Seeds white Poppy seeds of each two drams Violets Water-lillies and red Poppies of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining the Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce and an half Make a Julep for three draughts to be taken twice in a day Or instead of this Decoction use the distilled Waters of those Herbs or Emulsions of the four great cold Seeds After use a little stronger Purge putting to the former Senna or Catholicon or Diaprunes or the like A light sweet Medicine thickening and sweetening the humor is made of the Yolks of two new laid Egs dissolved in five or six ounces of spring Water with one ounce of Sugar heat them well and stir them upon the fire and take it as hot as you can morning and evening for three daies together And at last you must labor for a stronger restraning of the flux and thickning of the humor with this Syrup Take of Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce Syrup of Poppies half an ounce Give an ounce at a time in a spoon at Bed time The following Opiate is good for the same purpose Take of old Conserve of Roses six drams the species of Diatragaganth frigid two drams Bole-armenick washt in Rose water two scruples With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate Take the quantity of a smal nut at night This Barley Cream is very profitable Take of clensed Barley as much as is sufficient steep it six hours and then boyl it well and strain it then take three ounces of blanched sweet Almonds Pompion seeds husked one ounce and an half Melone seeds one ounce white Poppy and Lettice of each half an ounce Beat them together and with Barley Water take out the Milk which with two pound of the Pulp
of Barley boyl a little and mix it with Sugar Let him drink ten ounces at a time some mornings in his bed and sleep after it and somtimes in the evening Hold the Troches in the mouth Take of Gum Traganth and Arabick of each two drams Bole-armenick and Terra Sigillata washed in Rose water of each one dram white Poppy seeds and juyce of Liquoris of each half a dram Sugar Penids one ounce With the Mucilage of Quince seeds extracted with Rose water make little Cakes to be held in the mouth day and night The Spirit of Sulphur and Vitriol three or four drops given morning and evening in convenient Liquor hath great force against all Catarrhs especially against those which come from Inflamation of the Bowels It may be given in drink in a smaller quantity for it goes with the drink through all the veins and hinders the motion of the humors The Crystal Mineral is for the same use given with Juleps and other Medicines When these do not avail we must be constrained to use Narcoticks or Stupefactives Among which Laudanum is the best given to four or five grains at bed time or one ounce or half an ounce of Syrup of Poppies These do wonders being used in the beginning of the Disease New Treacle given at night from a scruple to half a dram hath the same force Benedictus Faventius useth the following Pills in a Salt Catarrh with good success Take of the Juyce of Liquoris two drams wash'd Aloes one dram Filulae de Cynoglosso half a dram With Syrup of Violets make a Mass of which take a scruple at bed time The Troches of Solenander before mentioned are excellent Diacodium album prescribed in the Cure of the Phrenzy is good for this In the mean while the matter flowing must be revelled by Clysters Cupping Glasses Frictions and binding of the external parts and chiefly by Vesicatories in the Neck and finally with Issues in the hinder part of the Head and Arms if the Catarrh be old But for the strengthening of the Head and stopping of the fluxion and consuming the remainder Pouders Bags and Emplasters are good Take of white Amber Sandarach Mastich Benjamin Nutmeg of each one ounce Frankinsence Grains of Kermes and red Roses of each half an ounce all the Sanders Mirtles and Pomegranate flowers of each two drams make a Pouder Vse it to the Head at night and 〈◊〉 it off in the morning Take of the Gum of Juniper two scruples red Roses two pugils Mirtles one dram Mace and Nutmeg of each one scruple Frankinsence and Peony seeds and Poppy heads of each two scruples Cyprus nuts half a scruple Pouder them and take them up with red wool and with a red cloth make a lining for a Cap to wear constantly Take of Mastick and Frankinsence of each half a dram Sandrach red Coral red Roses Mirtles Pomegranate flowers and Peels of each one dram Labdanum two drams Wax and Oyl of Roses as much as is sufficient Make an Emplaster for the Coronal Suture But because this Catarrh for the most part comes from a hot distemper of the Liver therefore you must use Medicines to that Finally This is most remarkable which is also mentioned in the Cure of a cold Catarrh That Excrements use to cause Catarrhs by flowing to the Head when their usual natural passages are stopped And then a Catarrh is best cured by opening those passages with a gentle and constant purging in Broths or the like CHAP. XVI Of the Head-ach THe word Cephalalgia is used generally for every pain of the Head but more especially it signifieth a new Head-ach But the word Cephalaea signifieth an old Head-ach and Hemicranea signifieth that pain which only is in one side of the Head There are other differences of Head-aches they are divided into Internal and External Pains by consent and by propriety and of these one is called a pricking pain another a stretching or extending pain another a heavy another a beating or shooting pain The internal pain of the head is in the Meninges or Membranes that is very deep and reacheth to the roots of the Eyes But an external pain is in the Pericranium or Membrane without the Skull and will not endure the roots of the hairs to be combed back and is made greater by the least compression of the Head This is the Doctrine of Galen which he teacheth 3. de loc aff cap. 1. and lib. 2. de comp med secundum loc cap. 3. saying very solidly That the internal Head-ach is distinguished from the external by this peculiar sign That in the internal the pain comes to the roots of the eyes not in an external and he gives this Reason Because the coats of the Eyes come from the Meninges of the Brain whence it comes that the grief is conveighed to the Eyes But Fernelius contradicts this Doctrine lib. 5. Pathalogiae cap. 1. and affirmeth that external pains do reach to the roots of the Eyes because the Pericranium or Skin of the Skul wherein those pains are doth reach to the cavity of the Eyes to whom Rondoletius answers lib. 1. meth med cap. 5. that the Cavity of the Eye doth not suffer with the Pericranium although it reach to it by reason that the pain of the Pericranium comes for the most part of external cold for a cold part will easily suffer from the like quality But that cold cannot reach to the hollow of the Eye because it is preserved by the heat blood and spirits of the Eyes but if at any time a headach cometh of external heat or the like the Skin of the head is only affected not the Pericranium which lieth deep But this Doctrine of Rondeletius doth not altogether take away all difficulty for although all things which he alledgeth should be granted yet if a pain arise from a tumor gathered upon the Pericranium or of some other cause that dissolveth continuity and divideth there is no reason why the grief should not reach to the hollow of the Eye We can say this in defence of Galen that this sign was given by him for two Reasons First Because the Membrane which reacheth to the hollow of the Eye from the Pericranium is not so sensible and therefore cannot suffer but obtusely but the coats of the Eyes which come from the Meninges are very sensible and therefore have great pain Moreover that Membrane which cometh from the Pericranium doth not touch the Eye so inwardly and deeply towards the optick Nerves as the coats which come from the Meninges whence it is that the external pain cannot extend it self to the roots of the Eyes as Galen saith A pain by propriety is constant and permanent nor doth it follow the disease of other parts But a pain by consent or sympathy depends upon the infirmity of another part so that as that encreaseth or diminisheth the Headach encreaseth or diminisheth Now this pain by sympathy is either by consent from the whol Body as in Feavers
whol Body Also in an old Headach sweating Decoctions are very good and famous Authors declare that many have been cured thereby Which not prevailing Mercatus is bold to fly to the use of Stibium and commends it highly in his first Book of the Cure of internal Diseases and the eighth Chapter But in an old grief it is better to strengthen the head often than to use too many Evacuations Therefore Pouders and Caps and other topick or external Medicines are very necessary before mentioned in the Cure of the cold Distemper of the Brain But Pouders are more commendible because the vertue of a Cap is not so much communicated to the Brain and the pain may be encreased by the filth which is contracted by the long wearing of them Moreover An Oyntment may be applied of the Oyl of Almonds in which wild Bettony Bay leaves Mastich Lavender Mints Marjoram Thyme Penyroyal Nutmeg Cloves and Cinnamon or some of these have been boyled adding in the time of the boyling a little red Wine Or this following Chymical Oyl Take of Turpentine one pound Mastich Nutmeg Cinnamon of each one dram Cloves Zedoary Galangal Ladanum of each one ounce and an half the juyce of Ebulus or Dwarf-Elder and of the wild Cowcumber of each one dram the Oyl of Chamomel and Lillies of each half a pint red Wine one pint and an half wild Marjoram green one handful Pouder those that are to be poudered and put them into a Glass Retort and extract an Oyl with which anoint the head after it is shaved Oyl of Amber is very good and it will be sufficient only to anoint the Head therewith While you use the afore mentioned Remedies you may also use from the beginning of the Cure specifical Medicines such as this Epitheme Take of the pouder of Zedoary one dram the Water of Bettony Vervain and Elder of each one ounce Mix them and apply them hot to the part grieved with Scarlet cloth Among the proper Medicines for the Head-ach from what cause soever it ariseth Vervain is the chief whose Water distilled you may both apply externally and give of it internally to the quantity of ounces with three drops of the spirit of Salt Green Vervain alone only hung about the Neck hath cured two Patâ—â—â—â—s when many other Medicines failed as Forestus reports Zacutus Lucitanus it 〈◊〉 1. Praxis Med. mirab observat 7. 8. 9. 10. propounds four Remedies confirmed by Experience namely An Issue in the back of the hand Hors-leeches to the Temples opening of the Vein in the Forehead and the corner of the Eye which you may read in the place cited These things are to be noted concerning those Observations First That the â—â—sue between the Thumb and fore Finger is approved by other Experiments and hath cured great Headaches Secondly In the Cure by Hors-leeches Zacutus is not content to apply two or three as ordinarily is done but ten or twelve round about the Temples whence comes a great attraction of Blood which may draw forth the whol matter of the Disease Thirdly In the Curing by opening the Veins in the Forehead we must observe That that Vein was twice opened whence it appears that the first was not sufficient when ordinarily our Practitioners do seldom open it the second time if the first hath been to little benefit The hot Cause of a Primary and Essential Headach is Blood or Choller And the like Remedies are proper for both though they must be made stronger or weaker according to the strength of the Disease First then after a Clyster is administred begin with Blood-letting drawing forth more when the grief proceeds of blood than when it proceeds of choller Then give a Medicine to purge Choller not only when Choller is the Principal Cause but when blood aboundeth whose thinner part is easily turned into Choller If the matter offending is not sufficiently taken away by one purge you must purge again at a due distance After apply Repelling Medicines to the Head and Vinegar of Roses such as were propounded in the Cure of the Phrenzy making choice of the mildest And after it will be very profitable to apply Creatures newly killed or parts of them to discuss the reliques of the Disease and to asswage the pain In an Headach which goeth with a continual Feaver a Sheeps Lungs applied hot do much asswage the pain Also a Cataplasm of bruised Guords and Housleek to the feet The opening of the Saphena after sufficient bleeding in the Arm cures often times a Headach with a Feaver very suddenly You must use Cupping-glasses with and without Scarification and Frictions of the extream Parts And in the whol time of the Disease if the Belly be not loose you must every day give an Emollient and cooling Clyster and which do gently purge After general Evacuations and Revulsions you may rightly and with profit derive the matter by opening the Head Vein or with Hors-Leeches to the Forehead or with Vesicatories to the Neck In the mean while let the whol mass of Humors be qualified with Juleps Emulsions and Broths as was mentioned in the Cure of the Phrenzy Lastly If the pain be very violent you must apply Narcoticks both externally and internally as they are set down in the said Cure of the Phrenzy Here also may avail the opening of the Forehead Veins and Leeches to the Temples commended from Zacutus Lusitanus Paraeus lib. 16. cap. 4. reports that a desperate half Headach was cured by opening the Arteries in the Temples and saies there is no danger in doing it The Artery is opened as a Vein and six ounces of blood forcibly leaping forth are to be taken After apply a convenient Ligature and open it not in four daies Botallus also saies That it doth miraculously cure old Head-aches and we also have cured desperate ones the same way and never found any danger in the opening of the Artery You must apply a Plaister to the Orifice of Frankinsence Mastich Bole armenick and Hares Hair with the white of an Eg and then make your Ligature as you use to do in Wounds of the Head In all pains of the Head of what cause soever if other means fail and the greatness of the pain make thee run to extremities a Vesicatory applied over all the Head after it is shaven will cure it A Cautery upon the Coronal Suture somtimes hath perfectly cured a violent Head-ach But it is more powerful if it be applied to the Temples of which see Poterius observat centur 3. cap. 8. and our Observations thereon The End of the first Book THE SECOND BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Eyes The PREFACE THE Diseases of the Eyes are so divers that it is very hard to lay them down cleerly and plainly and to distinguish one from the other which that we may endeavor as much as may be and cleer up our Treatise for Practice we will so divide them the Diseases by which the sight is
be easily couched for it ought to be like a thin skin which may be rowled about the Needle and so couched down for if it be too thick and solid it cannot be couched which you may perceive when it is like Chalk or Hail Contrarily that which is fit for couching useth to be Sky-colored and Sea-green of the color of Iron or Lead not black The Cure of a Cataract must be directed not only to the Conjunct but to the Antecedent cause And therefore you must purge the whol Body and especially the Brain very exactly After you must discuss that humor which obstructeth the Pupilla and some way soften it Which intentions when they are almost the same which were propounded in the Cure of Gutta serena we may use the same Remedies for Diet evacuation or purging of the whol Body for revulsion of the humor offending and for the strengthening of the Head and the Eyes so we shall not in vain repeat them Having therefore first used all that Method which was laid down for the Cure of Gutta serena we will declare unto you those Medicines which belong properly to the taking away of the matter about the Pupilla And though Topical Medicines are counted little worth according to Galens Opinion 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 who saith that they promise more than they can perform yet their Lawful use is not to be rejected and Experience hath taught by very good Authors confirmed that Cataracts in their beginning after universal Medicines used have been cured with Topicks that is Medicines applied to the Eye First therefore begin with mild dissolvers and such as dry not overmuch lest the matter grow hard and be made unfit to be dissolved then use mollifiers with your dissolvers that induration may be hindered and it may more easily be dissolved For this purpose the following Fornentation may be first used Take of the Leaves of Rue Fennel Eyebright the greater Celondine of each one handful Foenugreek seeds one ounce Chamomel and Melilot flowers of each one pugil Boyl them in three parts of spring Water and one part of white Wine added towards the end of the Decoction Foment the Eyes with a soft spunge dipt in the strained Liquor morning and evening Of the same Decoction you may make a Fumigation covering the head that it may be received into the Eyes In the beginning of the Disease while the defluxion is new and that revelling Medicines are used it is good to wash the Eyes with only red Wine which by its astriction hinders the defluxion and by its spirits discusseth and dissolveth it In the progress of the Disease a Fomentation of white Wine in which Crocus Metallorum hath been infused is most profitable It is no less profitable to let a child eat sweet Fennel Seeds in a morning and afterwards breath into the Eyes As also to let him lick them or to let a Dog lick them Also Bread hot from the Oven in which is sweet Fennel seed cut in the middle may be so placed to the Eyes that they may behold it when they are wet with the vapor These Medicines are to be used in the morning At night you may apply this Cataplasm Take of Fenugreek seed beaten one ounce Aloes half an ounce Saffron one dram Make them into fine pouder put it into white Wine wherein Crocus Metallorum hath been infused and make a Cataplasm to be applied to the Eyes at night Many commend Pidgeons blood put hot into the Eyes for with the Natural heat of that Creature the part will be much strengthened and the excrementitious matter dissolved but because the heat will quickly depart from the blood it is better to take a yong callow Pidgeon and slit it in the back and apply it to the Eye With these Medicines you may discuss the matter if it be possible Topical Medicines called Collyria which are dropped into the Eyes are of little force and those are they which Galen said did promise more than they perform for all their vertue is spent in the Cornea neither can they reach to the internal parts except they be made very sharp by which pain would be caused and a greater defluxion hence many that have used them immoderately have from a light infirmity become stark blind But because many of those Collyriaes are found in Authors which have good report by them lest we should seem defective we will shew some of the choycest that they who please may try them Take of the best Honey two pints Fennel Roots and the Roots of long and round Birthwort of each one pound the leaves of Rue Eyebright Celondine the greater and the tops of Fennel of each six handfuls Centaury the less three handfuls Roses four pugils the Vrine of a Boy two pints Mix them all in a glass Vessel and distill them in Balneo Mariae Drop this Water often into the Eyes Or you may make Bread with the Bran in it with the Pouder of Rue Celondine Eyebright Bettony and Fennel with a little Honey which as soon as it is drawn and cut in pieces must be put between two Pewter or Silver Dishes from whence will come a Water which Zechius affirmeth dropped into the Eyes doth wonders Also this following is highly commended Take of white Violet Leaves one handful Radish seed one dram Amoniacum half a dram mix them and pouder them then steep them twenty four hours in one pint of Fennel water then let them boyl a little space ad to the straining one ounce of the clarified juyce of Fennel the Balsom of Peru two drams make a Collyrium which Zechius saith Dropt into the Eyes morning and evening after the Body is sufficiently Purged doth so clense the Eyes that it takes away a Cataract wonderfully without Couching Hollerius Describes a Water that he saith Cured one that was Nine yeers blind Which is this Take of the juyce of Smallage Vervain Germander Burnet Avens Sage Celondine Rue Knot-grass Chickweed the pouder of Cloves of each one ounce gross Pepper Nutmeg Lignum Aloes of each three drams steep them all in the Vrin of a Boy and the sixth part of Sack Let them boyl a little then strain them and press them put it in a Glass close stopt drop every night some of it into each Eye The juyce of Brooklime only being often dropt into the eyes hath somtimes Cured a yong Suffusion when a Cautery also hath been applied to the Coronal Suture The Juyce of Celondine and Calcitrap mixed together are as good Quercetan in his Dispensatory doth much commend Water in which Crocus Metallorum hath been infused which is thus made Take of the Water of the greater Celondine six ounces Crocus Metallorum one dram infuse them and drop three or four drops of this Water warmed into the Eyes for three or four times a day for a long continuance Fonseca saith That he knew one Cured by this Water who was very dim sighted many months This is the excellency of
Arteries the blood is stanched by good Ligature and bondage only nor is the Plaister mentioned by Galen in the same place necessary which is made of Bole Frankinsence Mastick and the Hair of an Hare with the white of an Egg yet for the better security they who are afraid of the opening of an Artery may make use of it you may see what we have said concerning the opening of Arteries in the Cure of the Head-ach Vesicatories also are very profitable in this Disease both applied to the Neck and behind the Ears When you have bled sufficiently you must purge that the Chollerick Humors especially such as make the blood hot may be evacuated And Hippocrates saith it is very requisite Aphor. 17. Sect. 6. For it is good for him that hath an Ophthalmy to fall into a flux And Galen 13. Meth. Cap. 11. saith That he hath seen some who began to have sore Eyes to be cured in one day only by a Purge But it must be made of gentle ingredients and such as do allay the heat of the blood taking heed of al Medicines that have Scammony in them and they be made thus Take of Tamarinds half an ounce clean Senna three drams Annisseeds half a dram Endive Succory and Fumatory of each half a handful boyl them to four ounces and when it is strained infuse in the liquor of the best Rhubarb and yellow Myrobalans rubbed with the Oyl of sweet Almonds of each one dram yellow Saunders half a scruple after strain it again and dissolve of Manna and syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make a Potion Or in Form of Bolus thus Take of Cassia newly drawn six drams Diacatholicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram make a Bolus with Sugar So many times we prescribe Pills in an Ophthalmy which comes of Flegm namely Lucis majoris of Agarick and the like which though they are very good in the state of the Disease yet it is better to abstain from in the beginning lest the Humors moved with too violent a Medicine should fal more upon the part Nor is one Purge sufficient but you must repel it a distance if the Disease be old first giving good preparatives by Apozemes or Juleps proper for the Humor offending therefore in the beginning allay the heat of the Humors with cooling Juleps and such as thicken or with Emulsions made of the greater Cold Seeds Lettice and white Poppy seeds in some cooling Decoction with a little Rose water After universal Revulsions and Evacuations come to Topical Medicines with that part which from the beginning must be repelling yet the soundest Practicioners do warn us not to use repelling Medicines to the Eyes at first because for the most part they stop the Humor and retain it in the Eye and so increase the grief and inflamation For Galen Comment Aphor. 31. Sect. 6. reproves a certain Oculist which used these kind of Medicines in the beginning of the inflamation for they may be suspected in the beginning not to stay violent defluxions but rather to keep them from coming forth Hence it cometh to pass that when the humors are sharp the Cornea is somtimes ulcerated but when they are many it is streaked and somtimes broken But Avicenna fen 3. lib. 3. tract 1. cap. 9. saith That it is fit that if possible we abstain from Collyriums the first three dayes And a little after he saith That we ought not in the beginning to apply strong Astringents and thickners because they thicken the Tunicles or coats and hinder resolution and increase pain Yet we need be so exact in the time and number of dayes because the Disease is in some older and in some yonger But we may with profit apply Astringents at the beginning to the Forehead and Temples for by those the veins by whith the humors flow to the Eyes are stopt and they driven back The Form of this is as followeth Take of Bole-Armonick sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastich of each one dram red Roses Balasts or Pomegranat flowers the pouder of Lentils of each two scruples mix them with the white of an Egg and Vinegar of Roses and make a Cataplasm for the Forehead and Temples Moreover A Cataplasm made of the Juyce of Nettles and Wheat flower applied to the Forehead and Temples is excellent to stay a defluxion by reason the Juyce of Nettles hath a special Vertue for the stopping of al sorts of Bleedings as it doth the bleeding at the Nose or Mouth But if the pain be very great which useth to encrease the defluxion upon the Eyes you must apply Anodines or Medicines asswaging pains upon them Among which new milk especially if it be that which a sound woman giveth is best if it be often milked fresh into the Eyes from the breast and not be used stale for then it wil grow sowr and be offensive to them instead thereof you may use fresh Cheese made of Sheeps milk which you must often change lest it turn like Butter and so inflame the Eye The white of an Egg wel beaten til it turn to water is commended of Galen for it asswageth pain and gently stayes the Flux Also an Apple roasted in the Embers doth much asswage the pain of the Eyes The Mucilages or slime of the seeds of Fleabane Quinces Foenugreek drawn with Rose-water do take away pain but they must be renewed every day or they wil grow sowr Of these things you may make divers kinds of Medicines As for Example Take of the pap of a sweet Apple roasted in the embers an ounce the Mucilage of the seeds of Fleabane and Quinces drawn with Rose Water of each six drams the white of a new laid Eg beaten into water and womans Milk of each one dram Make a Cataplasm and apply it to the Eyes Or Take of the pap of a roasted Apple one ounce Crums of white Bread half an ounce one Egg mixed with Breast milk Make of these a Cataplasm Thin slices of Goats Flesh Veal or Mutton often applied to the Eyes do very much asswage pain A Cataplasm may be made more easily with crums of white Bread and Womans Milk mixed with Rose Water If the pain be intollerable you must fly to Narcotick or stupifying Medicines which you must use sparingly and with good advice because they do thicken the visive Spirits and make the Humors and Tunicles gross by which the Sight will become dim Among Narcoticks for the Eyes the white Troches of Rhasis are principal made with Opium thus Take of Rose water two ounces the Water of an Eg well beaten one ounce the white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Make a Collyrium or Water for the Eyes When the pain is aslwaged you must come to repelling Medicines which must be gentle and mixed with Anodines continually for this end make this Collyrium following Take of Plantane and Rose water of each one ounce and an half the Water of the white of an Egg beaten one ounce the
white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Make a Collyrium and drop it often into the Eyes If the pain be very great you may put to it Womans Milk and the Mucilages aforesaid This following Medicine doth powerfully resist inflamation and stay the flux Take of the white of an Eg beat it in a pewter dish with a piece of Allum very well till it come to the consistence of an Oyntment which you must spread upon a linnen cloth and apply it warm to the Eyes After two or three hours take it away left by its long continuance having an extraordinary astringent quality from the Allum it retain the humors in the Eyes Also the Water of Allum distilled in an Alembick laid to the Eye with a linnen clout doth allay the inflamation thereof The Salt of Lead dissolved in Rose Water or Wine Vinegar or mixed with Pomatum doth powerfully cool the inflamation In the encrease of the Disease you must mix digestives with Repelling Medicines and therfore you must put the Water of Eyebright Fennel Celondine and the Mucilage of Linseeds Althaeae oâ— Marsh-mallows and Foenugreek Gal. 13. Meth. commends especially the Decoction of Fenugreek because it digesteth concocteth and moderately repelleth but you must sift the Fenugreek to take out the dust and after wash it often in warm Water before you boyl it or make the Mucilage of it You may thus make a Collyrium Take of the Mucilage of the seed of Foenugreek and Quinces drawn with Rose and Eyebright Water of each one ounce and an half the white Troches of Rhasis with Opium one dram Tutty prepared half a dram Make a Collyrium When the Disease is at the height you may put Sarcocol to it which is of a more digestive quality but since it is apt to hurt the Eyes by its over dryness and sharpness it must first be steeped some few daies in Milk often changed and you must prepare but a little at one time for if it be long kept it wil grow sowr and hurt the Eyes You may use it thus Take of the flowers of Chamomel Melilot and red Roses of each one pugil the seeds of Foenugreek clensed one dram boyl them in Plantane Water Dissolve in four ounces of the straining Sarcocol one dram Tutty prepared and of the white Troches of Rhasis without Opium of each half a dram Make a Collyrium Authors do commend some Waters to be very powerful Quercetan commends the infusion of Crocus Metallorum made in Eyebright and Fennel Water which is strong enough and is no waies too sharrp for the Eyes as others are Crollius and the rest of the Chymicks do highly commend the Salt of Lead dissolved in Rose Water to which they put a few grains of Sul Armonick The manner is thus Take of the Salt of Lead twelve grains Sal Armonick three grains Rose Water three ounces Mix them and drop some into the Eye morning and evening There is also a Water made of calcined or burnt Lead or Litharge or Menium infused in Vinegar which laid to the Eye with a linnen clout presently cureth their inflamation The Water of white Vitriol is most common being dissolved in Rose or Plantane Water this mitigateth inflamations discusseth and hindereth defluxions Thus they are proportioned Take of white Vitriol one scruple Rose or Plantane Water four ounces Dissolve the Vitriol in it at the fire Strain the Water and drop it into the Eyes If it be too sharp you may qualifie it as you please with more Rose or Plantane Water This following Medicine is not so sharp and more dissolving Take of Flower-de-luce Roots and red Roses of each one scruple Rose and Plantane Water of each three ounces Boyl them to the third part with a gentle fire Ad to the straining white Vitriol poundered eight grains Make a Collyrium Many Oyntments also are used for the Eyes of which these three following are the best and somtimes do wonders The first is in Renodaeus his Dispensatory called Vnguentum Ophthalmium made thus Take of Bole-Armenick washed in Rose Water one ounce Lapis Calaminaris wash'd in Eyebright Water and Tutty prepared of each two drams Pearl finely poudered half a dram Camphire half a scruple Opium five grains Butter as much as will be sufficient to make an Oyntment according to art for to be applied to the corners of the Eyes and the Eye-lids The second is John Cratoes which is set down in his Physical Counsels gathered by Laurence Scholzius Cons 6. thus Take Butter made in May if you can get it or other that is fresh and well worked or the marrow of an Ox or Deers Shank and mix therewith as much of the fine pouder of Lapis Calaminar is as it will receive make an Oyntment The third is from Paenotus in denario thus made Take of Tutty prepared one ounce and an half Camphire one dram Verdegreece twelve grains Beat the Tutty with the Camphire together in a Mortar the Verdegreece by its self all very sine Then take of fresh Butter one ounce Rose water one dram boyl them gently together and then take them from the fire and first put in your Camphire with your Tutty then your Verdegreece by degrees stir them very well and reserve them in a glass Make an Oyntment and strain it through a Sarsenet anoint the inside of the Eye-lids especially about the corners and the Patient will soon recover This is a most approved Medicine against Inflamations both with matter and dry against itching of the Eyelids and weeping There is another very good though sharp and therefore must be only applied to the Eye-lids it is thus made And when al have failed this hath cured the most desperate Ophthalmy namely Of May Butter and Juyce of Tobacco boyled to an Oyntment which must be applied the Eye-lids being closed and in a darkroom as soon as the Patient opens his Eyes it will begin to bite and will certainly cure In the height of the disease you must apply more resolving than repelling Medicines therefore they which were prescribed in the encrease of it are good in the height or state of it if you encrease the quantity of the Resolvers and diminish the Repellers But especially these two following Oyntments may be used not only in the state and height but in the declination to the perfect cure of the Disease First Fomentations to discuss the matter are good in the height of the Disease made thus Take of the flowers of Chamomel Melilot and Roses of each one pugil Foenugreek seeds prepared as before shewed two drams Make a Decoction with which foment the Eyes with four-double clouts This is good in the end of the encrease and the beginning of the state of the Disease and in Winter you must use it hot in Summer only warm In the end of the state and declination you must make a more resolving Fomentation which is done by adding to the former Ingredients the Leaves of Eyebright Marjoram Bettony and a
or Kernel by the great corner of the Eye and the Caruncle upon the corner the thinness or thickness or other weakness of which parts causeth that they easily entertain the humors that flow thither Therefore an Epiphora happeneth often in an Egylops a Lachrymal Fistula a Rhyas and Encanthis because the superfluous humors use to be easily received into the parts affected This humor is carried from the Brain into the corners of the Eyes somtimes by the internal Veins somtimes by the external as we shal shew you hereafter by their proper signs But the Humor which maketh an Epiphora is somtimes cold and brings no other inconvenience but only defluxion somtimes it is salt and sharp and causeth pain heat and redness and exulceration of the Eyebrows There need no signs to be given of Tears they are visible It wil appear by what hath been said whether they are cold or hot and sharp But we must distinguish whether they come by the internal or external Vessels When by the internal there is pain in the inside of the head and somtimes violent neesing But if they come by the external without the Skul The Vessels of the Forehead and Temples are stretched and the head seems to be bound about and astringent means outwardly applyed do help As to the Prognostick New Epiphora's coming from outward causes are easily cured especially in youth but old and in old men very hardly They which proceed from other diseases as Aegylops Fistula Lachrymalis and the like have their Cure with the diseases whence they came The Cure of this Disease consists in taking away the defluxion and strengthening the part receiving You must take away the defluxion with Evacuation of the humor offending revulsion derivation and strengthening the part from whence it cometh The Peccant humor which is a Water superfluous in the Brain must be evacuated with bleeding and purging Blood-letting is not good in a cold distemper of the Brain except there be manifest signs of plethory or fulness but in a hot distemper when the humors are very sharp it is very good and you may use it twice or thrice if need be You may purge by Potions Apozemes Pills and the like which you may proportion to the condition of the Patient Make a revulsion of the humors flowing by Cupping-glasses often applied to the shoulders by Vesicatories to raiâ—e blisters behind in the Neck or with Cauteries to the hinder part of the Head and Issues in the Arms. In a stubborn Epiphora a Vesicatory applyed to the fore-part of the Head doth wonders as Forestus sheweth Obs 11. lib. 11. concerning an Old Woman who had sore Eyes weeping and mattery with great pain and itching and could by no means be Cured that with applying a Plaister of Cantharides with Honey and Leaven to her head being shaven he perfectly Cured her Rondeletius saith That a Cautery applyed to the Commissura doth more good than when it is used to any other part For Derivation use Leeches behind the Ears and Masticatories every morning But least the Humors once evacuated should breed again the Brain must be strengthened and dried and if it be too cold you may use al our Remedies prescribed in the Cure of the cold Distemper of the Brain But if it be too hot those things which we prescribed in the Cure of a hot Catarrh especially such as respect the Brain most are here to be used While the former Medicines are used you must apply Topicks to the part receiving and first if the Humor comes through the external veins apply Astringents to the Forehead and Temples and if the Defluxion come from a sharp hot Humor use the following Cataplasm Take Bole-Armenick Dragons Blood Pomegranat Flowers and Mirtles of each one dram and an half Accacia and Hipocistis of each one dram Frankinsence and Mastich of each two scruples Red Roses one pugil Pouder them and mix them with the white of an Egg and a little Vinegar make a Cataplasm which spread upon a Cloth and apply to the Fore-head and Temples and renew it as fast as it groweth dry If it come of a Cold Humor apply this following Cerat Take of Frankinsence and Mastich of each one dram and an half Gum Anime Tacamahacca and Blood-stone of each one dram Gum of Juniper two scruples Turpentine and Wax as much as will serve turn make a Cerat But you must apply Astringent and Drying Medicines to the part affected which are thus made Take of Tutty prepared one dram Sarcocol half a dram Frankinsence and Mastich of each a scruple Spicknard six grains make Troches which being mixed with the white of an Egg or the juyce of Quinces may be applyed to the corner of the Eye Or Take Tutty prepared in a fine Rag and tye it with a string and put it in sharp Wine and with this often wash the Eyes Or Take Tutty prepared Egg shells poudered the best Aloes of each one dram tye them in a Rag and make a little Ball which steep in fennel-Fennel-water and squeez the Ball often into the Eyes Only Aloes poudered and made into a Ball as above and put into rose-Rose-water is very good Or Take Aloes Cypress Nuts Frankinsence Mastich Myrrh of each two drams Tutty prepared and Sarcocol of each one dram and an half Sanguis Dragonis Barberries Sumach red Roses of each one scruple Pouder them finely and with fennel-Fennel-water make a Collyrium In a Hot Defluxion this is excellent Take of white Troches of Rhasis without Opium Sarcocol Lycium or Box-thorn Acacia Olibanum of each one dram the stones of Myrobalans calcined of white and red Coral of each half a dram Pearlhalf a scruple as much of the juyce of Pomegranats boyled to half as will make a Collyrium If Redness be joyned with it this following is profitable Take of the seeds of Sumach bruised one scruple hot Plantane Water one ounce macerate them a while then press them strongly and put of Rose Eyebright and the Waters of the white of an Egg well beaten of each half an ounce Sugar Candy finely poudered and strained with a little water one scruple Make a Collyrium Lastly Those Medicines which were prescribed for an Old Ophthalmy are good in this Disease CHAP. XVIII Of Pterygium or Haw in the Eyes called Unguis THis is a Hard and Nervous little Membrane which coming out of the great Corner of the Eye first covereth the white and after by continuance the black and covering the Pupilla hindereth the light Somtimes it is thin and white somtimes it is fleshly with many red veins and it is called a Pannicle and Sebel by Avicen although some distinguish a Pannicle from a Haw or Vngula because Vngula is a Nervous Tunicle without repletion of veins and is only in the Adnata But Sebel or Pannicle Covereth the whole Eye and is very Red and full of Veins This Disease comes from Ulceration of the flesh in the Corner of the Eye or of the Adnata whence
each one ounce Mixthem and put them hot into the Ears Or Take of the Oyl of white Lillies and Castor of each one ounce the Oyl of Dill half an ounce white Hellebore half a dram Aqua vitae one ounce Boyl them in Balneo Mariae till the Aqua vitae be consumed strain them for the use aforesaid Or Take of Cypress Roots Bay-berries Annis and Cummin seed poudered of each one dram Pouder of Castor half a dram Oyl of Rue as much as will be sufficient Mix them and put them into a great hellow Onion roast it and strain out the Liquor to be dropped into the Ears Chymical Oyls work most powerfully as Oly of Rosemary Marjoram Sage Fennel Spike Cloves which are too strong to be used alone therefore you must mix a very smal quantity of any of them with the Medicines mentioned thus Take of the Oyls aforesaid two ounces Oyl of Spike Fennel Cloves or the like half a dram oâ— a dram Mix them There are also some Waters which if dropped into the Ears do much good Some Authors commend the Water of an Ash which is made by putting one end of a green Ash into the fire and taking the water out of the other end this is best when deafness cometh of a hot cause and you fear to use hot Medicines But if not then you may mix as much Aqua vitae therewith Mathiolus mixeth this Water with Juyces and commends it highly in these words We know that the Water which â—â—mes out of Ash when it is burnt mixed with the Juyce of Sowbread Squils and Rue in equal â—â—rts warmed together to be excellent against Deafness if it be dropped into the sound Ear when the Patient goeth to bed and lieth upon that Ear which is Deaf but when both Ears are deaf then into that which is least affected The Spirit of Wine wherein white Hellebore hath been infused being dropped into the deaf Ear is very efficacious Others commend the clarified juyce of Ivy mixed with strong white Wine The Galls of Beasts as of Hairs Goats Partridges are much commended if they be used fresh with an equal portion of Honey and warmed in the shell of an Onion The fat dripping of an Eel is much used Put a great Eel upon a Spit and take the dripping upon Bay Leaves and drop it warm into the Ears Zechius commends Ants Egs in these words Ants Egs mixed with the Juyce of an Onion and dropped into the Ear do cure the oldest Deafness The Blood of a yong Wolf dropped hot into the Ears doth the same Lastly If the Disease be so stubborn that it will not yield to the Medicines prescribed it will not be amiss to use the last Remedy which is prescribed by Fonseca consult 58. tom 2. namely an Unction with Quick-silver because when Deafness cometh of the French Pox it is so cured and it may be when it comes otherwise and the reason is because Quick-silver doth dissolve and discuss â—ard tumors when they are gathered upon any part and therefore when flegm is gathered in the Ears which no other means can dissolve Quick-silver may dissolve it But this Remedy must not be tried but in a desperate condition for it is doubtful what the event wil be and the Unction with Quicksilver doth much weaken the Brain and cause defluxions So that some who have been cured of the Pox by Quick-silver have after fallen deaf by defluxions although somtimes as I said deafness coming of the French Pox is cured thereby and Quick-silver rightly used after due Purgation doth â—o hurt to the Brain This you must alwaies observe in the use of Topicks That you never put cold things but warm into â—he Ears and you must not dress them till the old Medicine be taken out And after dressing you must â—top the Ear with Cotton Muskified for that only conduceth much to the Cure as Forestus saith Obs 15. lib. 12. in these words A woman of Delf after a long disease fell deaf which after sufficient â—urging abstained from Physick at length she was perswaded by an old woman to put a grain or â—wo of Musk into her Ears with a little Cotton and so doing she was wonderfully cured I have â—ured many the same way whose Ears have run Chap. 2. Of Noise in the Ears THe sence of Hearing is hindered by noise in the Ears for as the Eyes must be void of all colors that they may truly perceive the colors of all Objects and when they have a preternatural coâ—or as in the Jaundice the sight is depraved so the Ears must have no sound in themselves that they â—ay more distinctly receive al other sounds and if there be any noise in them the Hearing is depraâ—ed This is called in Greek Paracousis in Latin Obauditio vulgarly a noise in the Ears This comes from a preternatural motion of the Air which is naturally contained in the Ears for â—s Aristotle saith Though the natural Air in the Ear do move yet the noise is not heard except you â—top the Ears with the hollow of your hand or the like for then the hearing is more inward when â—he outward air is kept out This is seen by Experience when one stoppeth his Ears and holds the â—andle of an Instrument in his teeth the sound wil be four times greater than when his Ears are open â—or it passeth through the moutth there is a Natural Motion of air in the Ear by the Spiritus Acouâ—â—ico continually working But if it be too violently moved then there is a preternatural noise in â—he Ear which hindereth the hearing The Causes are many of this preternatural Motion but chiefly a vapor or wind sent from other â—arts into the Ear or bred there either coming from the whol body or from some peculiar part In Feavers it comes from the whol body whence Hippocrates saith in Coacis A noise in the â—ead coming in an acute Disease is deadly for it cometh of wind sent by the Arteries from the whol â—ody into the Ears it useth to come chiefly in the beginning of a fit and before bleeding Wind is â—lso sent to the Ear from a peculiar part namely the Stomach Liver Spleen Midriff Womb and â—he like whence it comes to pass that in great Vomitings in Hypochondriack Melancholly and â—â—ts of the Mother there is for the most part a noise in the Ears Often there is a wind sent from the â—ead coming of a cold flegm through want of heat to the Ears by the Veins and Arteries and the â—erves of the fifth Conjugation by which passages also vapors come from the inferior parts Wind is bred in the Ear also of flegm contained therein whence it comes to pass that thick Hearing is alwaies accompanied with a noise in the head For by the humor there is a stoppage from whence comes deafness and from the wind that proceeds from that humor comes the none There are other causes of this noise as a great stroak upon the head a
the Medicine then you must dip lint in the same Medicine and lay it to the Hole of the ear and round about In the state of the Disease you must mix gently resolving Oyls with Anodines thus Take of Oyl of Chamomel sweet Almonds and Violets of each one ounce the Oyl of Lillies half an ounce Mix them But these Fomentations and Fumigations which are made of the following Decoction do resolve more powerfully Take of Marsh-Mallow-Roots one ounce Mallows Nightshade St. Johns-Wort of each one handful Linseed half an ounce the seeds of Mallows Maâ—sh â—allows and white Poppies of each two drams the Flowers of Chamomel Dill and Roses of each one pugil make a Decoction in Water and Milk for a Fomentation and Fumâ—gation â—ateâ— taken out of Ashen sticks being dropt into the Ears easeth pain and dissolveth the cause of it You must put green Ashen sticks in to the fire and take the Water that comes from both ends If the Tumor cannot be dissolved but it seems to tend to suppuration which you may perceive by the encrease of pain by greater Pulsation and a stronger Feâ—ver You must help the motion of Nature and apply this following Cataplasm Take the faeces of the former Decoction made for a Fomentation and Fumigation and put to them of Dâ—cks and Hens-grease Marrow oâ— Veaâ— and the Mucilage of Fleabane and Foenugreek-seeds of each one ounce the Oyl of Chamomel and Vâ—olets of each â—nâ— ounce Fresh Buâ—ter one ounce and an half Saffron half a dram Make a Caâ—aâ—lasm A Cataplasm oâ— Crums of Bread is also very good for it aâ—â—wâ—geâ—h paâ—ns and furthers suppâ—ration gently without inflamation and therefore it is very proper in al Phlegmous or hoâ— Tumors you must make it thus Take of the Crums of white Bread one pound boyl it in Goats Milk to a Pultis then ad of the two Yolks of Eggs the Oyl of Roses two ounces Saffron one scruple Make a Cataplasm The Cataplasm made of an Onyon is much commended of Victorius Faventinus Made thus Take one Onyon Fresh Butter two ounces Oyl of Chamomel and Roses of each one ounce Saffron one scruple Make a Cataplasm apply it warm The Suppuration being made the Imposthume breaketh and the Matter comes forth either by the Membrane of the Ear made thin or else corroded and then the Patient must lie upon the Ear that is pained that the quittour may come forth and you must drop such things into it as may clense Take of the Decoction of Barley four ounces Honey of Roses one ounce drop this warm into the Ears at several times If an Ulcer come from sharpness of Matter you must have a peculiar way of Cure such as is used to an Ulcer caused from a Defluxion of Humors And first because according to the opinion of Galen 4. de comp Med. sec loc we may not apply Topicks to any part except the whol Body be first often purged we must use ordinary Evacuations by Bleeding and Purging according to the nature and temper of the Patient and these must be repeated through the whol time of Cure as often as need requireth Then we must apply Drying and Clenâ—ing Topicks or Medicines to the place affected beginning with the mildest first The Examples of which are these Take of the best Honey and old white Wine of each three ounces boyl them and skim them drop of this into the Ear and stop it with Cotton dipt in the same After that it may be stronger mix the juyce of Horehound Smallage Wormwood and the lesser Centaury or of Sowbread with Honey boyl them gently and drop thereof into the Ear. Or Take of the Juyce of Beets one ounce Horehound half an ounce the best Honey six drams â—oyl these a little then ad of the Syrup of Wormwood two drams Mix them You may make a stronger Medicine thus Take of the Juyce of Sowbread one ounce Myrrh one dram Saffron half a scruple Frankinsence one scruple Verdegreece half a scruple old Wine one ounce and an half boyl them gently till the Wine be consumed drop of this twice or thrice in a day into the Ear. Observe Before you drop any liquor into the Ear you wash the ear in warm Hydromel or water and Honey and wipe it wel with lint upon a Probe armed When the Ulcer is sufficiently Clensed you must come to Cicatrizing Thus. Take of Round Birthwort Pomâ—granate peels and Galls of each half an ounce boyl them in equal parts of Wine and Smiths-forge-water to half a pint when it is strained ad to it of the juyce of Plantane and Poligonum of each one ounce Honey of Roses two drams mix them and drop of this into the Ear. Or Take of Frankinsence and Myrrh of each one dram Gum of Juniper half a dram Sarcocol and Labdanum of each one scruple Make a Pouder of them and mix it with Turpentine into Balls which you must lay upon the Coals so that the Patient may take the Fume into his Ear by a funnel Or You may mix that Pouder with some of the aforesaid Juyces and drop thereof into the Ear. Or You may mix burnt Allum with white Wine for this hath a very great Drying quality If the Ulcer be stubborn and old it is nourished by a Defluxion which you must labor to remove by usual Purges Diets of Lignum vitae and Sarsa by Errhins Masticatories Cauteries and other Remedies that wil divert Then must you use stronger Medicines to dry the Ulcer such as we prescribed of juyce of Sowbread Myrrh and Verdegreece Or this following Medicine of Valescus with which he saith that he Cured a Priest that had an Ulcer in his Ear from the eighth yeer of his age Take of Honey ten drams Vinegar eight drams boyl them take off the scum and put to one dram of Verdegreece Mix them These must be dropt morning and evening into the Ear after it is washed with this Decoction Take of Wormwood Marsh Mallows and Agrimony of each one handful boyl them in equal parts of water and white Wine put to it towards the conclusion to half a pint Dissolve in the strained Liquor Oximel simple one ounce and an half Allum poudered one dram wash the ear with this warmed and after dry it with an armed Probe If the pain come from sharp Medicines drop in the Oyl of sweet or bitter Almonds with Myrrh Aloes and Saffron and if it be violent mix a little Opium or drop in the Oyl made of yolks of Eggs in a leaden Mortar If the Ulcer be very foul you must use Aegypâ—iacum Dissolved in the aforesaid Juyces Lastly Galen Aerius and Others both Greeks and Arabians do much Commend the Rust of Iron for the drying of Ulcers in the Ear. Galen 3. de comp med sec loc useth Scales of Iron ground or boyled with the sharpest Vinegar Hollerius in his Comment upon that Chapter doth prefer the Arrabian Preparation for they first grind the Iron with Vinegar then they dry it
burnt Vitriol and is not very Escharotick yet it staies bleeding very powerfully by astringing the Orifice of the Veins if it be put into the Nose with a Tent. You may make Remedies to stop blood by restraining its motion by cooling thickning and coâ—gulating thus Take of Sal Prunellae one dram Troches of Amber half a dram Blood-stone and red Coral prepared of each one scruple the Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Plantane Water three ounces Make a Julep to be taken twice or thrice in a day Take of Conserve of Roses and Quinces of each one ounce the Troches of Spodium or burm Ivory and Terra Sigillata of each one dram Coral prepared and burnt Harts-horn of each one scruple Make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a Chesnut twice or thrice in a day Vinegar and Water called Oxycrate drunk plentifully staies an Hemorrhagy Outwardly to cool the blood and to hinder its motion you must apply cold Water or Water and Vinegar to divers parts powring it upon the Arms and putting the feet therein and applying to the Cods as also to the back because the Vena CÃ va runs that way and so the blood will be cooled when it is exceeding hot when the aforesaid Medicines cannot remedy some wet the whol Body with Vinegar and Water or put him into cold Water which is not without danger when the Patient is weak It is excellent to temper the heat of the blood to lay Epithems to the Liver and Spleen made of warm Vinegar and Water Finally In the most desperate Case when no Medicines will prevail you must use Narcoticks or Stupefactives which presently stop all fluxes and evacuations and motion of Humors and among the rest three or four grains of Laudanum is the best But take heed that you give it not to the Patient being very weak for it is to be feared that the native heat being very little will be thereby quite exstinguished One ounce of the Syrup of Poppies given in an astringent Julep at night will do the same At length you must come to proper Remedies which by an occult secret quality stop bleeding The most usual and best are these The Juyce of Nettles is extolled for strengthening any blood of what part soever and therefore it is both given inwardly to four ounces once or twice as also snuft into the Nose and applied to the Forehead and Temples made like a Cataplasm with Bran or the whol Nettle beaten Some say that the Root held in the mouth will do the same Hogs Dung is one of the best Specifical Medicines if it be applied hot to the Forehead and Temples or smelt unto or put dry into the Nose of which this is a form Take of Hogs Dung dried three drams the pouder of Roses to take away the scent of it half a dram Mix them with juyce of Plantane and dip a Tent therein to be thrust into the Nose Asses Dung used thus is also commended And Rodericus a Castro lib. 1. de morbis mulierum cap. 5. saith that a Physitian of seventy yeers old given to violent bleeding carried alwaies Asses Dung not quite dry in a box about him than which he confessed he never knew a better Medicine especially if when it was dry he mixed it with the Juyce of a Nettle or if wet he put it alone into his Nose Zacutus Lusitanus lib. ult praxis Histor cap. 2. saith that he cured one of seventeen years of age that was weak and lean after he had lost seventeen ounces of blood and used many Medicines only with this He gave him the Dung of an Ass very finely poudered in al his Drink and Broth he made Tablets of the same with sugar and gave them with steeled water by which means only the Patient recovered in seven daies space The blood it self which comes out of the Nose is not only vulgarly commended but by the learned to stop an Haemorrhagie by a specifical quality they fry it in a pan and give it the Patient to eat he not knowing of it As also they Calcine it in a Potsheard and mix it with the mentioned Astringents Others commend the Pouder of Snails burnt with their shels and others put the Pouder of Frogs Calcined into the Nose Pereda speaks of an old Woman of Mount pelior that she was Cured of a Flux at the Nose of three daies continuance by only Mints put into the Nose Among other Remedies this is excellent and usual The fine Pouder of Spicknard taken the quantity of a dram in Broth plantane-Plantane-water or other liquor not only by a specifical force but also by strengthning the Liver it stops bleeding Finkius witnesseth that a dried Toad poudered and put in a fine red Sarcnet under the Armholes or held in the hands til it grow warm wil stanch blood presently And that the blood wil be immediately congealed as if it apprehended some terrible thing Others hang a Toad in the Air while al the flesh is consumed and keep the bare thigh bone which they put into the Nose and then it stops bleeding presently While you use the aforesaid Remedies you must think of the taking away of the Cause which usually is a thin watery Humor or Choller which abounds in the blood and makes it move disorderly and provoketh Nature to throw it forth whence it comes to pass that when it is purged away and the blood clensed that then Nature embraceth blood most familiarly as its chief Friend and the treasure of Life and wil not labor to cast it forth Therefore you must purge twice or thrice if need be with binding and cooling Medicines thus made Take of Tamarinds half an ounce Plantane Leavs one handful boyl them to four ounces being strained infuse of the best Rhubarb one dram yellow Myrabolans half a dram Spicknard seven grains strain it and dissolve therein one ounce of Syrup of Roses and ad one scruple of the Pouder of Rhubarb Make a Potion In an old Disease that Returneth often such a Purge repeated once every Week is excelent And after every Evacuation Astringent Juleps or Opiates that are above mentioned you may make Juleps thus Take of the Roots of Snakeweed and the greater Comfrey of each one ounce Plantane Knotgrass Rupture-wort Fumitory of each one handful of the four great Cold seeds of each one dram boyl them to a pint and dissolve in the strained Liquor of white Sugar three ounces Make a Julep for three mornings draughts Instead of Juleps or Opiats or after they have been used a while you may give a Syrup made of the Juyce of Nettles and an equal proportion of Sugar two spoonfuls at a time every morning Nor is it sufficient to take away the present Cause of the Hemorrhagy namely To Evacuate the Peccant Humor but you must see that it return not again The Bowels are to be strengthened and their Distempers amended especially the Liver in which those Humors use to breed And the Juleps
of the Syrup of Hysop Take of the Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn without fire six ounces Sugar Candy two ounces Mix them for a Lambitive Or Take of candied Elicampane three drams Sugar-candy half an ounce Syrup of Hysop and Horehound of each one ounce ammoniacum dissolved in Aqua vitae half a dram Mix them for a Lohoch Or Take of Conserve of Violets and Elicampane of each six drams the pouder of the Electuary Diatragacanth frigid Diaireos Solomonis of each one dram Syrup of Violets and Maidenhair of each as much as will make a Lohoch Take of Althaea Roots one pound Elicampane four ounces Quinces or Marmalet thereof sixteen ounces boyl them in Water till they are dry Beat them and strain them adding two pints of Honey boyl them again gently Take them from the fire and ad of Cinnamon one dram flower of Brimstone half an ounce Liquor is perfumed with Musk and Rose water two drams Make a soft Electuary of which let him hold now and then as much as a Hazel nut in his mouth 't is also very good to take half an ounce thereof morning and evening when the fit is off Also you must anoint the Breast with Mollifying and discussing Oyntments and Liniments thus made Take of the of Oyl of Chamomel Flowerdeluce and sweet Almonds of each half an ounce fresh Hens grease one dram the Pouder of Marsh-mallow roots and Flowerdeluce of each one dram the meal of Linseed and Foenugreek of each two drams Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Wine one dram and an half Wax as much as is sufficient Make a Liniment Or Take of the Mucilage of the seeds of Quinces Line and Foenugreek drawn with Scabious and Coltsfoot Water of each six drams the Pouder of Flower deluce root and Hysop of each half an ounce Saffron one scruple Oyl of Lillies and sweet Almonds of each two ounces Wax as much as will make a Liniment If the fit be long clap a Vesicatory to the hinder part of the head Out of the fit you must stop the Defluxion and also cut clense and expectorate that which hath fallen into the Lungs For staying the defluxion all those Remedies are good which were mentioned in the cure of the cold Catarrh But you must take a Caution concerning some of them First In Apozems Syrups or the like you must not make them two hot and dry which by consuming of the thin parts may make the remainder thicker and so the Disease will be worse But you must rather mix moisteners as Raisons Figs Liquoris Jujubes Secondly Instead of Head Medicines you must use things fit for the Breast above mentioned Thirdly For the Derivation of the Humors that abounds in the Head use Errhines Sternutatories Gargarisrus ar Apophlegmatisms Which last are not so proper by reason of the neerness of the part by which the humor runs to the Luâ—gs But Errhines and Sternutatories may be used safely Fourthly To strengthen the Head and dry it Fumigations are there commended which are not so proper in this especially if taken in at the mouth and nostrils because they make the breath shorter and bring the fit But with them you may air the Patients Caps without from the Chamber For to clense and expectorate the thick Humors that stick to the Bronchia of the Lungs the Medicines already mentioned or these following may be used Take of Elicampane root and Polypody of the Oak of each half an ounce the Leaves of Origan Calamints Hysop Savory Maidenbair Scabious and Coltsfoot of each one handful the seeds of Marsh-mallows and Cotton and Carthamus of each three drams Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each six drams Jujubes Sebestens and fat Figs of each five make a Decoction to a pint and a quarter of Hydromel dissolve in the straining a pound and a quarter of white Sugar make a Syrup well boyled for a Lambitive You may make a better and cheaper Syrup thus Take of Elicampane Roots three drams Spanish Tobacco one dram infuse them a whol nighâ— in six ounces of Aqua Vitae in the morning strain them and ad of the best Sugar four ounces stir it well upon the fire and ad of the syrup of Erysimum or Coltsfoot two ounces Oyl of Sulphuâ— as much as will make it sharp make a Lohoch These following are proper for to unstuffe and cleer the Lungs Take of Ammoniacum and Bdellium dissolved in Vinegar of Squills of each half an ounce Flower of Brimstone three drams the leaves of Coltsfoot and dryed Savory poudered Diaireos simple of each half a dram with syrup of Hysop and Oximel of Squills make a mass of Pills of a dram whereof make six Pills and let him take three of them two hours before supper twice in a week Or Take of Aloes Succatrine half an ounce Myrrh and Ammoniacum of each half a dram Saffron half a scruple Flower of Brimstone half a dram with the syrup of Coltsfoot make a mass of Pills of which let him take a dram two hours afore dinner for some dayes Let the Water which is taken out of a hollow Briony Root be distilled in Balneo Mariae to eight ounces whereof mix half an ounce of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur let him take every day a spoonful fasting Take of Tobacco Leaves Hysop white Horehound and Maiden-hair of each two handfuls the Roots of Flower-de-luce and Liquoris of each half an ounce boyl them to a pint and an half dissolve in the straining of white Sugar one pound of the best Honey half a pound make a syrup well boyled clarified and perfumed with a little Saffron and Cinnamon let him take a spoonful or two every morning The Oximel and Syrup of Tobacco invented by Quercetan prescribed in his Dispensatory is of the same vertue The Tincture of dry Tobacco is drawn with Aqua Vitae a little thereof mixed with Honey and that held in the Mouth as big as a Pease or Bean swallowing it by degrees this draws Flegm in abundance from the Stomach and Lungs Hogs Lice called Millepedes or Aselli in number twelve put into a linnen Cloth are to be steepâ— in white Wine and then strained and so given to be drunk and do in a short time clense the Lungs Oleum Sacchari doth powerfully disâ—olve thick glutinous Humors in the Lungs and causeth expectoration But the Compound Oyl following is best Take of the Roots of Flower-de-luce and Elicampane poudered of each half an ounce the Pulp of Dates and Raisons of each three drams Citron and Orange peels of each one dram and an half Benjamin two drams Saffron one dram infuse them two dayes in the spirit of Wine well rectified then take of the liquor by inclination dissolve as much Sugar Candy poudered as you can therein then fire the spirit of Wine stirring them continually till it comes to a liquor as thick Oyl then mix as much Oyl of Sulphur as will sharpen iâ— A Decoction of Red Coleworts taken many dayes with a little
Line and Fenugreek seeds of each one dram the flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder and Violets of each one pugil Boyl them together with which fomenâ— the side that is pained in a Hogs bladder After Fomentation apply the Liniment aforesaid to which in the progress of the Disease you may ad more dissolving Oyls as of Dill and Flowerdeluce as also the pouder of Flowerdeluce and Saffron And to the Fomentation ad discussing Herbs as Origan Calaminth Hyâ—op and the discussing seeds Many other Topicks are very profitable against Pleurisies which Authors relate as these First anoint the part with Oyntment of Marsh-mallows then lay on the pouder of Cummin seed or a Colewort Leaf heat at the fire and anointed with the same Faventinus mixeth the Oyntment of Althaea with Oyl of sweet Almonds and after he hath anointed sprinkles on the pouder of Cummin seeds and laieth on a Colewort Leaf and this he commends highly Also the Cataplasm following is very profitable Take the Residency or Ingredients of the Decoction above mentioned for a Fomentation beat them in a stone Morter adding of the Oyl of sweet Almonds Lillies and Chamomel of each two ounces Hens grease one ounce Barley and Bean flower of each as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasm Also a live Hen slit through the back and sprinkled with the pouder of Flowerdeluce roots being applied doth very well The Paunch of a Sheep laid hot to the part is a very good Anodine but the Lungs are better The Chymical Oyl of Wax being mixt with the Liniments asswageth pain and powerfully discusseth the matter Hot Bread from the Oven dipt in fresh Butter and applied doth very much dissolve the matter fixed to the side After he hath taken twice or thrice of the Julep aforesaid you may use Pectoral Juleps thus made Take of Barley one pugil Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce Jujubes twenty the four great cold Seeds of each three drams Bugloss and Violet flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and a quarter Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Violets and Jujubes of each two ounces Make a Julep for four doses to be taken morning and evening Or if the Feaver be very sharp and much watching you may make the Emulsions following Take of Almonds blanched and steeped in cold Water one ounce the four great cold seeds of each half an ounce Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each two drams beat them in a marbâ—â— morter powring on by degrees the Decoction of Barley and Liquoris one pint and an half strain it and dissolve in it Syrup of Violets three ounces Make an Emulsion for three doses to be taken morning and evening Some Practitioners in want of sleep give Narcoticks as Syrup of Poppies Philonium Romanum and Laudanum which are dangerous in this disease for they stop spitting and astringe and strengthen the Breast From whente often times comes sudden death But this must be understood of the whol dose of Narcoticks for given in a very smal quantity they do good in vehement pain a thin defluxion which causeth a Cough and in want of sleep In which cases I have often given one grain of Laudanum with good success and somtimes often But the use of this is most proper in the beginning of the disease for then the humor flowing to the part may be restrained and the encrease of the Disease hindered When the Cough is violent and Nature begins to evacuate by spirting let the Patient hold often in his mouth Sugar of Roses Sugar candy or Penides or the Tablets of Diatragacanth frigid Syrup of Violets and Jujubes Or this Eclegma following Take of Sugar candy and Penides of each one ounce the pouder of Diatragacanth frigid two drams Syrup of Violets and Jujubes of each as much as will make a Lohoch which let him take often with a Liquoris stick or make it of Butter Honey and Sugar of each equal parts the Oyl of Linseed or of sweet Almonds being fresh drawn without fire mixed with Sugar doth much help the Cough and pain in the Pleurisie especially if it be drunk in Broth or any other Decoction If the spittle be thick you must mix some attenuating and cutting Medicines as Syrup of Coksfoot Liquoris Oxymel simple pouder of Diaireos and the like You must take these lying with the face upwards for so they better go to the Lungs As the Disease encreaseth you may use this restoring Medicine to strengthen Take of Conserve of Violets one ounce Conserve of Borrage flowers and Bugloss roots of each half an ounce Confection of Alkermes two drams pouder of Diamargariton frigid and Diatragacanth frigid of each one dram Sugar of Roses as much as all the rest Make a Composition covered with Gold to be taken often with a spoon Purging is improper in a true Pleurisie except it be in the declination and then you may appoint this Take of Senna half an ounce Annis seeds one dram Bugloss and Maiden-hair of each half a handful Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each three drams the flowers of Bugloss and Violets of each one Pugil Boyl them to two ounces in the straining dissolve of Rhubarb infused in Scabious Water with a little yellow Sanders four scruples the best Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make of these a Potion In the whol time of the disease let him take Barley Water for his ordinary drink made with Liquoris Poppies and Maiden-hair and let not his drink be actually cold for it would hurt the Breast Wine in this Disease is Poyson and also all sharp things which provoke Coughing and by their astringency hinder spitting In the declination of the Disease after purging and when the Feaver is less if the pain continue you may apply to the part Cupping-glasses with Scarrification two daies together They may also be applied before the declination after often bleeding And if the pain still encrease and return you may again let blood and after Cup with Scarrification Zacutus Lusitanus having taken off the Cupping-glasses applied six Horsleeches with good success as he witnessed observ 104. lib. 1. Praxis admirandae For the same purpose to discuss the reliques of the matter having first tried Fomentations and Liniments you may apply with benefit the Emplaister of Brimstone and Bay-berries Besides vulgar Medicines there are some proper and specifical namely the shavings of a Boars Tusk the ashes of the Pizzle of a Bull or Deer the flowers of red Poppies or Corral prepared Quercetan in his Dispensatory commends an Apple made hollow and one dram of Frankinsence put therein and roasted which the Patient must eat and drink three ounces of Carduus Water after then cover himself warm and sweat He will have this Medicine used after the third day and affirmeth that many have been restored therewith The flowers of Box-tree do so much purge the Blood that if a dram of them in pouder be given with Poppy Water and a
the Juyce of Pomegranate or Knotgrass but to them who bled not much he gave it with warm water But he saith you must sift it well give it often that it may better be distributed and in Wine Antony Valerius exercit ad cap. 27. lib. 1. Hollerij de morb internis reports that he cured when all means failed by this Pouder which he had from Julius Scaliger Take of Spodium red Roses Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata and Blood-stone of each half an ounce red Coral Amber and Pearls not perforated of each two drams and an half Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each two drams the seeds of Purslain Mallows Ribwort red Roses burnt Harts-horn and white Starch burnt of each three drams Make thereof a fine pouder and give three drams thereof with rain water This Pouder Scaliger borrowed of Serapio who mentioned it in his Book of Spitting of blood and which Valesus also commends And you may make Tablets thereof with Sugar dissolved in â—ose or Plantane Water The Electuary of Haelideus is like it and easier made which was wont to be famous in Germany â—â—d so commended of Gesner Erastus and Crato thus Take of the seeds of white Poppy and Henbane of each ten drams Terra Sigillata and red Coral of each five drams old Sugar of Roses as much as will make an Electuary Give hereof â—e dram morning and evening after universal Medicines have been given But because that spitting is stopped by the use of Astringents and thence comes difficulty of â—eathing you must at times use things that mollify the Breast and also stop bleeding such as they â—hich are compounded of Gum Arabick Tragacanth Starch and Syrup of dried Roses Quinces Mirâ—â—s and Jujubes the Juyce of Plantane and Purslain while you use Astringents if the Belly be â—â—und give a Clyster or Purge that leaves some Astringency In the whol time of the Cure if you suspect that there is any congealed blood in the breast you must dissolve it with Oxycrate thus made according to Galen 5. Meth. that it may be pleasant and not provoke Coughing with the Vâ—negar for so it dissolveth the blood and gently bindeth Let him take six ounces warm twice or thrice in one day and if it provoke Coughing sweeten it with Sugar but you must use this when the bleeding begins to cease for this also Amber and Mummy mixed with glutinatours and astringents is good Also for the allaying the Heat of the Liver use often a Cooling Epithem to the right side Take of Rose Plantane and Succory Water of each four ounces Vinegar of Roses two ounces the Pouder of the Electuary of the three Saunders one drani and an half Camphire one scruple make an Epitheme to be applied warm to the Liver After the use of the Epitheme anoint the same part with Oyntment of Roses or the Cerat of Saunders with a little Rose-Vinegar Anoynt also the Reins of the Back with Oyl of Roses and Water-Lillies washed with Vinegar adding a little Camphire to allay the heat of the blood in the hollow Vein But you must beware of things that are too Astringent lest they drive the blood from the hollow Vein into the Lungs It is also very good to wash the stones with Oxycrate to stop the Flux and allay the heat for there is a great consent between these parts A Bath would also be good to allay the heat of the Bowels but because they relax and so open the Veins you must avoid it Let him drink Syrup of Myâ—tles Purslain and dried Roses or Sugar of Roses with Barley-water or with the Water wherein Blood-stone or sealed Earth hath been infused Or mix Conserve of Roses with the Water or with Water wherein Coriander hath been infused made sharp with the Spirit of Vitriol or with the Tincture of Roses A weak Decoction of Yarrow drunk ordinarily is good against al bleeding If a sharp Defluxion from the Head upon the Lungs be the Cause of this Disease besides what hath been said you may use those Remedies which are prescribed in the Cure of a Hot Catarrh After the Blood is stopped to keep it from returning you must first abstain from al things that stir the Humors as violent exercise great heat anger roaring rich Wines the meates mentioned which are either salt or spiced Conserve of dried Roses must be held in the mouth especially at bed time Take of Conserve of Roses and of Comfry Roots of each one ounce the Troches of Amber and sealed Earth of each half a dram red Coral and prepared Pearls of each one scruple Sugar of Roses as much as all the rest make a mixture of which let him take a spoonful somtimes one hour before meat Let him be purged four times in a yeer or oftener if occasion be with the Potion of Rhubarb and Myrobalans above mentioned to which instead of Syrup ad one ounce of Manna You may with good success give a scruple of torrefied Rhubarb every morning one hour before meat especially if the blood be very serous as it is commonly in Haemorrhages Also Rhubarb not torrefied given in the same quantity for so the blood after the serous watery Humor is carried away wil grow thicker Or You may give a dram of Rhubarb once every Week There is also a Magistral Syrup to clense the blood from thin serous Humors As Take of the Leaves of Bugloss Fumitory Hops Succory Endive Agrimony Plantanâ— Maiden-hair of each one handful the Tops of Asparagus Vervain and Eyebright of each half an handful the Seeds of Gourds and Mellons of each half an ounce Endive and Doddeâ— seed of each two drams Liquoris scraped and Raisons of each one ounce sweet Prunes twelve Senna four ounces Polypody of the Oak two ounces Agarick tyed in a thin Clout six drams Mace one dram the Three Cordial Flowers red Pease or Pulse of each one pugil boyl these to a pint an half dissolve in the straining of the juyce of sweet Apples three ounces sine Sugar oâ—â— pound and a quarter make a Syrup boyled well sented with yellow Saunders Then infuse in it one ounce of Rhubarb beaten and tyed in a Clout let him take an ounce and an half or two ounceâ— with Broth twice in a month Make an Issue in the right or lest Leg as the Liver or Spleen are affected Lastly Let him use for a whol Month Asses-Milk steeled for prevention of this Disease For his Drink take Water boyled a little with Coriander seeds or the Decoction of Barley and Liquoris Chap. 7. Of Phthisis or Consumption ALthough the word Phthisis signifie every Consumption yet it is most properly taken for that extenuation of body which cometh after an Ulcer in the Lungs For this Extenuation of body comes from a putrid lingring Feaver which turneth to an Hectick and this Feaver comes from the Ulcer in the Lungs from which by reason of their neerness to the Heart putrid Vapors are continually sent thither and cause the
pugil Liquoris scraped and Raisons stoned of each three drams Jujubes four the flowers of Bugloss and Violets of each half a pugil boyl them to three ounces In the straining dissolve Rhubarb infused in Scabious Water with yellow Sanders four scruples Manna one ounce Syrup of Roses half an ounce Make a Potion Or give two ounces of Manna with Chicken or ordinary Broth. Or make a Bolus of Cassia one ounce and one scruple of the pouder of Liquoris In the beginning you may give stronger purges for to draw down the salt and sharp Catarrh which is the chief Cause of the Ulcer such as are prescribed in a hot Catarrh Also before the body be too lean at the first you may let blood to allay the Feaver and the acrimony of the humor But in the beginning of the Cure you must stay and divert the Catarrh from the Breast otherwise all other things will be in vain And all those things which were prescribed for the Cure of a hot Catarrh are good in this case Besides a Seton to the Neck is very good And Fabricius Hildanus reports that he cured many by this way At length you must come to the Cure of the Ulcer for which give things that clense knit and expectorate Many there are of this nature But these following are the best Milk doth hit all intentions for Cure It clenseth with its serous parts it conglutinateth with its coagulating part and nourisheth and refresheth with its unctious part But there are divers kinds of Milk and Womans Milk is the best because it is more agreeable to our Natures especially if it be sucked from the breast Platerus affirms that he knew many cured by the use thereof and that one of them did not only recover but grew so strong that least his Nurse should want milk for him he got her with child again But because many will not endure that sort Asses Milk is commended which because it is very full of Whey doth easily pierce into the Veins and excellently clense the Ulcer the next to this is Goats Milk Let the Ass be fed with Plantane Vine Leaves Brambles Polyganon Grass Barley and Rye Let him drink it new milked warm therefore let the Ass be brought neer the Chamber and be milked into a warm Vessel First let him take it in a smal quantity three or four ounces that his Stomach may be used to it encreasing the quantity by degrees to eight or ten ounces or a pint and least it should grow sowr or curdle in the Stomach and that it may agree better with the Lungs put Sugar of Roses to it one ounce thereof to eight of milk let him not sleep after his Milk immediately but walk gently about the Chamber let him not eat before the Milk be concocted and he find a stomach and that it be more effectual You must not give it in a strong Feaver or when there is a pain in the Head or swelling in the Hypochondria or a Chollerick flux according to Hippocrates Aphor. 64. Sect. 5. Commonly it is taken only once in a day but it is better twice and best if the Patient live only upon it For besides that it doth work more powerfully in a great quantity there is a great profit by not mixing it with Broth and other meats for they will easily putrifie If therefore the Disease be very desperate give Milk after purging every six hours with Manus Christi of Pearl and Coral And least strength should fail let him intermix a restoring distilled Water Sugar of Roses is very profitable as also the Conserve by use whereof Avicen reports that he cured a Woman of a desperate Consumption so that she was not only sound but very fat afterwards Mesue also witnesseth that many have been recovered by the same and he directeth that the Conserve of Roses be new not above a yeer old taken in a great quantity and often with Medicines Meat and drink and also by it self at any hour But first give Clensers because it will otherwise astringe and retain the excrementitious matter in the Lungs But when breath begins to fail and the Patient cannot raise flegm let him take expectorating things as Syrup of Hysop and Coltsfoot and other Lohochs And if heat arise from drying too much give Syrup of Violets Jujubes the Mucilage of Fleabane and Quinces and the like Montanus Valeriola and Forestus say that they have seen some cured by taking Sugar of Roses in great quantities An Apothecary whom I knew in a Consumption made a great quantity of Sugar of Roses for himself and eat it constantly by which he was cured An Infusion of Yarrow Tormentil Burnet and Conserve of Roses made in Balneo Mariae is very good as it is described in the Chapter of spitting of blood if it be used twenty daies together The Decoction of Bugle in Mutton Broth doth excellent against a Consumption and inward ulcers it doth a little gently loosen the belly against the Nature of all the Consolidae Trallianus lib. 7. cap. 1. boasts that he cured many with Blood-stone The preparation and use whereof we have shewed in the Cure of spitting blood The Syrup of the Juyce of Ground Ivy is commended by Quercetan thus made Take of the Juyce of Ground Ivy two pound and an half let it be digested in Balneo Mariae To this Juyce well refined put Sugar of Roses one pound Penides four ounces Boyl them to Syrup to be taken now and then a spoonful He also addeth the flower of Brimstone to it to make it into a Lohoch of which he gives four times in a day and he boasteth that he hath therewith cured many The Syrup of the flowers of St. Johns wort made by Infusion in Balneo Mariae is very good in this Disease as also for all inward ulcers The Syrup of Comfry is excellent for it clenseth healeth and strengtheneth by astringing as also Comphry Roots boyled in Broth It is affirmed that many have been cured by this Hydromel Take of China Roots sliced six ounces Coltsfoot Roots three ounces Burdock and Avens Roots of each three ounces Elicampane Roots two ounces Lungwort Leaves and Scabious Leaves and Roots both the Veronicaes Vlmaria and Herb Two-pence of each two handfuls all the Capillar Herbs of each one handful the tops of Bugle Bettony Cowslip flowers and red Veronica of each four pugils Ground Ivy Leaves and Roots three handfuls Jujubes Dates Sebestens and Raisons stoned of each one ounce and an half Spanish Liquoris one ounce and an half Let them all being well sliced boyl in thirty two pints of spring Water till half be consumed with a little gentle fire ad to the Liquor being strained of the best Honey four pound Boyl it again and skim it then strain it through an Hippocras Bag putting thereto half an ounce of Cinnamon six drams of Coriander seeds Annis and sweet Fennel seeds of each three drams put the Liquor in a large Vessel and let it
one ounce Oyl of Sulphur twelve drops mix them to be taken now and then a spoonful Clarret Water is usual and it is made thus Take of Cinnamon grosly poudered two ounces steep them in one pint of Aqua Vitae in a glass in another glass put six ounces of sugar with half a pint of Rose water let these Glasses stand two or three dayes every day shaking them often then mix them both together and strain them by filtration keep the Liquor in a Glass close stopt and let the Patient take a spoonful or two Fasting In Paris the Syrup of Wormwood made by Pena is highly esteemed made thus Take half a pound of candied Citron barks sliced boyl them in equal parts of the Waters of Succory and Agrimony make a strong expression and put to it the juyce of Quinces and Wormwood water of each half a pint in which infuse for four dayes four ounces of Schoenanth in a close vessel well glassed and set upon the Embers dissolve in the straining as much sugar as is needful then boyl them to a syrup in which when it is hot dissolve one dram of ash-coloured Amber keep it in a close Glass Cinnamon Water alone is excellent good in a Cold Stomach or with other Medicines as Syrup of Wormwood Mints or Coral to which you may also put Amber-greece The Syrup of Cinnamon made with Aqua Vitae according to Quercitanus Dispensatory is no less powerful And Cinnamon Water distilled with Juyce of Quinces And also the Spirit of Mastich made thus Take three ounces of Mastich one ounce of Galangal half a pint of spirit of Wine digest them and distil them The Elixir Proprietatis described by Crollius is good if you give twelve or fifteen drops in Wine they wonderfully strengthen the Stomach You may make Tablets for the same purpose thus Take of the pulp of Rinds of fresh Oranges and Aromaticum Rosatum of each two drams white Sugar dissolved in Orange flower water four ounces Make Lozenges Tablets of Aromaticum Rosatum Opiata Solomonis and old Treacle are good for the same A Decoction of Guajacum or Sassaphras taken many dayes togâ—ther with a little sweating or without in weak people is very good in this Disease being oâ— long continuance Also Sulphurous and Nitrous Baths as our Bellilucanae being taken in great quantity many dayes do powerfully clense the Stomach and Gutts from al slimy filth Take of Agrimony Centaury the less and common Wormwood of each half an handful boyl them to half a pint and ad one ounce of sugar drink it either in a cold or hot Cause Hartman exceedingly commends the use of Zeadoary in these words The often use of Zedoary doth so strengthen the stomach as nothing more therefore we may commend it having tryed it often and never missed you must eate it often Costaeus Commends hot Wine thus Hot Wine drunk ordinarily doth amâ—nd the imbecillity of the stomach It is usually observed that they who have been continually vexed with Wind and Pain from an evil Concoction when they have begun to drink warm drink have been cured and lived after a long time more comfortably You must give him Wine in Water wherein Coriander hath been boyled for his ordinary Drink But observe That if a hot distemper of the Liver meet with that of a cold stomach as often it doth you must give hot Medicines warily and rather those that are temperate Zechius Commends this Bolus following in these words That the stomach may be warmed gently and not dryed you can use no Medicine inwardly more powerfull Take of washed Turpentine two drams Pouder of Mastich half a dram Aromaticum rosatum haâ—f a scruple make a Bolus to be taken two hours before meat This digestive Pouder is usual to help Concoction Take of Coriander seeds prepared half an ounce sweet Fennel seed and Annis seed of each two drams Cinnamon and Cloves of each half a dram Sugar twice as much as the rest make a Pouder of which let him take one spoonful after every meal The Ballom of Peru is good if you give a few drops in Wine one hour before meat Or in form of a Pill one or two drops in sugar for many dayes There are some ordinary Medicines for this Hippocras Wine a Decoction of Annis Coriander and Cinnamon mixed with sugar for ordinary drink The Dukes Pouder commonly so called made of two parts of Sugar and one of Cinnamon to sprinkle upon al meats A Salt to be eaten with meat made of Coriander Annis seeds long Pepper Galangal and Nutmegg mixed with an equal proportion of Common salt Some Grains of Pepper whol or beaten taken fasting Acrons stuck with Cloves and Cinnamon and candied with Sugar Citron and Orange peels candied together Annis seeds Fennel Coriander and Cinnamon infrosted with Sugar al these men may use as they please Citron Peels are more pleasant than the rest but because it wil grow so dry that it wil hardly be chewed we are often constrained to make it up in a Mortar with Rose Water in the form of an Opiate Candied Myrobalans and Nutmegs may be used for the same and be made up as the former though they are not so apt to grow hard The Essences of Annis Cinnamon Citron peels Nutmegs and Olives are excellent to strengthen the stomach and they must be used as above in the Diseases of the Heart Of Meats They which are Salt do most provoke Appetite and Sharp things in a smal quantity and mixed with other things lest they cool the Stomach Outwardly apply Liniments Fomentations and Emplaisters thus made Take of Cypress Roots Galangal Flower-de-luce and dried Citron peels of each two ounces Mints Hysop Sage Rosemary and Marjoram of each one handful Annis seeds Bay-berries Nutmegs Cloves and Cinnamon of each three drams the flowers of Stoechas Schoenanth and Rosemary of each one pugil slice those that must be sliced and bruise those that must â—e bruised according to art and put them into two Bags with holes pricked through and steep them in strong Wine and lay them warm to the stomach one after another Take of the Oyl of Wormwood Mints and Spike of each half an ounce Oyl of Nutmegs two drams Wood of Aloes Mace and Cinnamon of each one scruple with a little Wax make a Liniment which will be better if you ad six drops of Oyl of Cloves and of Musk and Ambergreece of each eight grains Also there is a Liniment of Oyl of Nutmegs Balsom of Peru or of Oyl of Wormwood Mastich and Balsom of Peru. Take of the Emplaister of Mastich one ounce Aromaticum Rosatum one dram Oyl of Nutmegs as much as is fit to make a Plaister like a Buckler for the Stomach Crato doth wonderfully commend this following Plaister Take of Labdanum two ounces Wax four ounces Oyl of Nutmegs three drams Make an Emplaister Galen adviseth 7. meth not to keep these Plaisters long upon the part for at length they will dissolve the heat
Tunicles thereof For if it be in the Cavity it is easily cast forth and there is stretching in the Stomach and trouble after Meat which will not cease till the Humors are sent out by vomit which are for the most part thrown out alone and the Meat retained But if the Humors stick to the Tunicles vomiting is chiefly after Meat and the Meat is cast forth without the Humors but when there is no Meat there is a loathing and that which is cast forth is thick and slimy and with great straining The external Causes are known by relation of the Patient as if he hath eat or drunk too much or received a stroak or eat any evil thing The signs of Vomiting to come are shewed by Galen lib. 3. de cris cap. ult as Headach dark giddiness trembling of the lower Lip gnawing at the mouth of the Stomach often and much spitting You must make the Prognostick thus Vomiting from Choller and Flegm which is neither very thick nor very much and which hath both those Humors exquisitely mingled is good For it is commendable in substance quantity and quality For of all excrementitious Humors Flegm and Choller are the mildest if then they be vomited well mixed and in a moderate quantity and consistence it hath all the laudable conditions Chollerick and Flegmatick Vomitings on a critical day are very good For not only mixed are good but vomiting of one single if it cause the Disease So in Chollerick Feavers when Choller comes forth critically or Flegm in Flegmatick Feavers the Disease is at an end or at least there is great hopes of recovery A Vomiting naturally after a long flux of the Belly cures the disease Aph. 15. Sect. 6. for there is a revulsion of the Matter to the contrary part And this shews that Nature is refreshed and gets strength For as the Physitian ought to labor for the retraction of those things that flow to any part So Nature when she begins to prevail makes a repulsion of the Humor which flows to the part affected that the part may be refreshed and strengthened Little and violent vomiting in a sharp Feaver is evil for it is not good to void sparingly in a Crisis for it signifieth one of these two things Either abundance of Matter which Nature cannot bear but must send some of it forth or the weakness of Nature which striveth in vain to send forâ—h that which is superfluous Vomitings of divers colors are evil it signisieth divers Humors lurking in the Body and therefore Nature will be more put to it with divers enemies for if it be troublesom to Nature to contend with divers Nourishments how much more dangerous is it to strive to concoct and tame divers preternatural Humors especially in acute Diseases in which there is but short time to fight which should be long that there might be more hope of Nature being a Conqueror Green Vomiting like Leeks Verdugreese as also blew black or stinking is deadly For it signifieth that there is abundance of Choller of those colors And all these kinds of Choller use to produce malignant and deadly diseases And if there be a stink it shews a great corruption of Humors with which Nature cannot long consist In acute Feavers Vomiting without mixture of Humors is evil according to Hipp. 1. Porrhet For a pure Humor is not only crude but incapable of Concoction because it excludeth not only the act but the power of Concoction Hippocrates calls every humor that is without mixture and every Excrement that is hot and crude Acriton because it is bred either by the defect of some part or by reason the watery serous matter is exhausted by the heat of a Feaver Therefore in sharp Feavers it shews that there is a great inward inflamation and for the most part such as Nature cannot conquer As for the Cure If Vomiting come from a disease in some other part it needs no other Medicines than those which are agreeable to the disease from whence it comes But if it come from Chollerick Flegmatick or Melanchollick Humors which stimulate and provoke the Stomach either by their quantity or quality you must throw out those Humors by Vomitive Medicines But if they be thick and glutinous or clammy they are to be cut and clensed as we shewed in the Cure of want of Appetite The best Vomit in this case is that which is indifferent gentle and not too weak as warm Oyl nor must you give strong ones made of Antimony which draw violently from remote parts But such as do clense and dissolve the glutinous Humors as Gylla Theophrasti or white Vitriol preparâ—d but Salt of Vitriol brought to a high redness by Calcination is the stronger If Vomits are unpleasant you must take away the Matter with often Clysters and gentle Purgations with Rhubarb in them which astringeth and strengtheneth afterwards In Chollerick Vomitings these Pills following may be prescribed Take of Aloes washed with Rose Water three drams the pouder of Rhubarb sprinkled with Borrage Water one dram Mastich red Sanders and Coral prepared of each one scruple With Syrup of Roses Solutive make a Mass of Pills of which take half a dram or a dram every other day till the Vomiting be ceased Or Take of Rhubarb poudered one dram yellow Myrobalans one scruple Spodium or burnt Ivory and Harts-born shaved of each six grains Make a pouder and give it twice in a week in a â—â—ttle Broth. Or make a Bolus of Hiera Picra or three drams of Diacatholicon with one dram of poudered Rhubarb In a most violent Vomiting give three grains of Laudanum with two scruples and an half of Cochie Pills the less the Vomit will be stayed and five hours after they will work downwards There iâ— a good quantity of the purgung Pills in this Receipt because Laudanum doth astringe and therefore it must be given with Medicines made of Diagridium and Coloquintida And if the Medicine do not come away you must give a sharp Clyster After suâ—fâ—câ—ent purging you must strengthen the Stomach with Syrup of Quinces sowr Pomegrantes old Conserve of Roses or Comfry Roots Conserve of Quinces or this following Julep if it be very Chollerick and vehement Take of the juyce of sowr Pomegranats six ounces the juyce of â—linâ—s clarified two ounceâ— Sorrel Water one pint white Sugar half a pound make a â—ulep in which white it is clarifying boyl gently in a clout of yellow Saunders red Roses and Spodium of each one dram Let him take four ounces first and last Take of Terra Sigillata or sealed Earth Bole Armonick red Coral prepared Pearl Purslain and Sorrel seed of each one dram shavings of Harts-born and of dried Mints of 〈◊〉 one scruple red Roses half a pugil Make a Pouder to be taken in Bâ—oth or the like or in a spoonful of Chalybiate Water Or Make Tablets thereof with Sugar dissolved in Plantane Water or an Opiate with Syrup of Quinces Conserve of Roses or Comfry Roots Some
strain them Let him take two ounces twice or thrice in a day If the pain be great you may give the Syrup of Poppy Let his Drink be barley Water with Syrup of Violets taken cold In the progress of the Disease you must mix other Medicines with the aforesaid which may help to dissolve To this end you may prescribe these following Juleps Take of the Syrup of Water Lillies Apples and of the Juyce of Purslain of each one ounce Syrup of Sea Wormwood half an ounce Lettice Sorrel and Fennel Water of each three ounces the pouder of Diamargariton frigid one dram Make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice in a day To these you may adrestoring Opiates Narcoticks and the like all which are to be varied many waies according to the Judgment and Wisdom of the Physitian Turpentine washed with Wormwood Water if it be given twice or thrice doth either dissolve or maturate the Imposthume of the Stomach Let this following Fomentation be applied in the beginning Take of Sorrel Roots two ounces Endive Succory and Mallows of each one handful Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each three drams white and red Sanders of each half a dram Violets and Water Lillies of each one pugil Make a Decoction adding a little Rose Vinegar Let the Stomach be fomented warm therewith Or make one with the distilled Waters of Lettice and Water Lillies with a little Vinegar and Pouder of Triasantalon After fomenting let the part be anointed with Oyl of Roses and Violets mixed or with this following Take of Oyl of Roses one ounce and an half Oyl of Violets and Rose Vinegar and of the Juyce of Sowthistle of each half an ounce Boyl them to the consumption of the Juyces then ad of red Sanders one dram red Roses half a dram Lavender and Camphire of each half a scruple as much Wax as will make an Oyntment Cataplasms in the beginning are not good because they burden the part with their weight and by retaining the heat encrease the Inflamation In the declination when the Tumor is resolved which is chiefly to be desired you may apply a dissolving Fomentation made thus Take of Flower deluce Roots two ounces the Leaves of Mints Marjoram Penyroyal Sea Wormwood of each one handful Annis and Foenugreek seeds of each two drams Grains of Kermes one dram the flowers of Stoechas Rosemary Chamomel of each one pugil Make a Decoction adding in the end a little white Wine With this foneent the Stomach After fomenting anoint the part with Oyl of Wormwood Nutineg Spike and the like of which you may make an Oyntment with a little Wax and Pouder Orris Root or Cinnamon But Emplasters and Cataplasms because they burden the part with their weight are not here good But if the Tumor tend to Suppuration foment the part with the Decoction of the Flowers of Chamomel and red Roses Then apply this following Cataplasm Take of Althoea Roots two ounces Brank Vrsine and Roses of each one handful Boyl them well and beat them together then ad of Barley meal Lin-seed Foenugreek and pouder of Chamomel of each half an ounce white and red Sanders of each two drams with Oyl of Roses and Chamomel With a little Hens Grease make a Cataplasin often to be renewed After the Imposthume is broken let the Ulcer be clensed with Hydromel given in a smal quantity To which you may ad the Manna of Frankinsence according to Galens Precept Or give it with Barley Water with Sugar of Roses in the beginning in time of heat When the Ulcer groweth old of what Cause soever it come either from sharp corroding Humors or burning Medicines or Poyson Broths of cool Herbs and drying of Barley Almonds and Sugar of Roses or new Milk with Sugar and a little Honey are very good At length Chalybeate Milk and Iron Water for ordinary drink or Water wherein a piece of Bole-Armenick or Terra Sigillata hath been steeped is very excellent To which you may put a little sharp Wine if there be but little heat in the part Then give this Apozeme Take of Barley one pugil Scabious Agrimany Burnet and Maiden-hair of each half a a handful Melone seeds two drams red Roses dried one pugil make a Decoction to one pint in which dissolve three ounces of Syrup of dried Roses Make an Apozeme for four doses to be reapted often Also the Decoction of China is excellent for internal Ulcers when there is no Feaver taken twenty daies or more sweating gently for so the Ulcer will be dried by degrees But if you fear a consumption boyl the China Root aforesaid in Chicken Broth or Pidgeon Broth with the aforesaid Herbs and Barley made clean In an old Ulcer the drinking of Mineral Waters either of Vitriol Iron or Allum for a Month together are very good In the whol time of the Disease to keep the Stomach clean use gentle Purges as Rhubarb Tamarinds Myrobalans Syrup of Roses and Diacatholicon taken once in a week Lastly To heal up the Wound use these following Take of Bole-armenick Terra Sigillata red Coral and Blood-stone wash'd all in Rose Water of each one dram Sanguis Draconis Gum Arabick and Traganth of each half a dram white Poppy seeds bruised and parched Hypocistis Frankinsence and Sarcocol of each one scruple Sugar of Roses one ounce Make a Pouder of which take a dram in Plantane Water or Conserve of Roses every day Or make an Opiate of the same Pouder with Conserve of Comphry and Roses Syrup of Quinces and Myrtles Or you may make Troches of the same Pouder with the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds or Gum Traganth All which the Patient may use by turns lest he grow weary of the same Outwardly to close the Ulcer you may apply to the Stomach a Fomentation of the Decoction of Wormwood Roses Pomegranate peels Galls Pomegranate Flowers Myrtles Frankinsence Mastich or the like And lastly anoint the part with an astringent Oyntment or apply an astringent Emplaster The End of the Ninth Book THE TENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Intestines or Guts The PREFACE THE Perfection of all Nourishment consists in these Three Operations to Ingest Digest and Egest that is To take in Concoct and send forth The first respects the Appetite The second the Concoction belongs to the Stomach But the third respects the Intestines whose office of Egestion or sending forth being moderate and according to the rules of Nature brings great benefit to the whol Body On the contrary if it be defective as in the binding of the Belly or abound as in divers Fluxes there arise divers greivous Diseases Moreover the reteining of superfluous things doth cause Chollicks Iliacks and Hemorrhoids And finally putrifactions in the Guts doth not only produce Fluxes but Worms That all these may be severally Explained this Book shall contain Eleven Chapters The First is of the Chollick The Second of the Iliack Passion The Third of binding of the Belly The
like Quittor which comes only from the distemper of the part and the depravation of the Homiosis or quality by which it makes Nourishment like it self The same befals men in Asthma or Ptisick and other Diseases of the Lungs for their Lungs being distempered do il concoct their own Nourishment but turn it into an Excrement like Quittor which is expelled by coughing and yet they have no Ulcer in their Lungs as many learned Physitians wil conclude when they see the Matter The External Causes of a Dysentery are al things that produce sharp and evil Humors or give them being produced a disposition to cause a Dysentery The Principal are sharp Meats or very subject to putrefaction as Fruits soon rotten and al unripe things Waters that are drunk ordinarily wherein there is Crudity or a Mineral and Medicines which are deadly qualified and evil Air as Hipp. Aph. 11. Sect. 3. when the Winter is too cold or dry the Spring too wet and too full of South winds then there wil be Dysenteries in the Summer And Aph. 12. Sect. 3. If the South wind blow much in Winter and it rain much but if it be dry and the North wind blow much in the Spring those seasons produce Dysenteries But the proper Distemper of the Air to produce a Dysentery is known in a contagious or Epidemical Dysentery which somtimes is more dangerous then others As also there is an Infection in the Excrements of those that have this Disease to them that smel them and if thâ—y be cast into the Privy they infect most of the Family that sit over them The Signs of a Dysentery are taken out of the Definition mentioned an often bloody Evacuation with pain and torments of the Belly and somtimes a Feaver watching thirst loathing of Meat and other Signs common to many Diseases But it is hard to know whether the thick or thin Guts are ulcerated Usually if the pain be above the Navil they say it is in the thin Guts and if below in the thick but this is contrary to reason because both the thin and thick Guts are carried both to the superior and inferior parts Therefore this sign is rather to be taken from the quality of the pain and the excrements For if the thin Guts are affected there is vehement pain like pins pricking because they are more Membranous and of more exquisite sence As also they go not to stool presently after the pain and there is blood in every stool for because the Blood and purulent Matter comes far before it be voided it is more mixed with the Dung but if the thick Guts are affected the pain is less vehement and lasting there is presently after a going to stool the Blood and Matter swim upon the excrement or are very little mixed and in a great Ulceration there are as it were little pieces of flesh The Signs of the Causes are taken especially from the Colour of the Excrements when they are yellow green white or black to which you may ad the Signs of Humors abounding from the Age Temperament time of the yeer and course of Life The Prognostick is thus made If the Thin Guts are Ulcerated there is more danger for they are more Nervous and being neerer the Liver they receive more pure Choller Dysenteries coming from black Choller or Melancholly are deadly Hippocrates aph 24. sect 4. because the Ulcer grows Cancerous which is seldom Cured outwardly in the body But if this Melancholly comes by Crisis of Judgement it is not so dangerous But you must beware least you take Congealed blood for Melancholly A Dysentery from Choller or sharp Diet is easily Cured from salt Flegm it is worse than from Choller because by reason of the Clamminess it stayes longer in the Guts to ulcerate In long Diseases of the Guts Loathing of Meat is evil and worse with a Feaver Hippocrates Aph. 3. Sect. 6. If in a Dysentery there be as it were little pieces of Flesh voided it is deadly Aphor. 26. Sect. 4. for it signifieth a deep Ulcer which takes away pieces of the guts Much Watching Stools without mixture of Humors black stinking much blood a Lientery coming after Hickets Chollerick Vomits pain of the Liver Midriff great thirst do commonly declare that it is deadly A Dysentery coming to those which have the Gout or a Disease in the Spleen is good Hippocrates 2. progn aph 46. sect 6. but this is rather a simple Diarrhoea which sends forth the matter of those Diseases Old Men and Children more commonly in this Disease than Men of middle Age Hipp. 2. progn Children because of their tenderness and their not observing rules Old Men because their strength is spent and because there is a great overthrow of their natural state thereby for they do not easily produce excrements that are fit to cause a Dysentery The Cure of this Disease is wrought by Medicines that asswage clense and evacuate sharp humors that Consolidate and dry Ulcers and stop the flux At first you must evacuate the Humor offending least it do more mischief and you must Purge often and it you think it not safe to purge every day or every other day do it every third or fourth day Rhubarb is the best for purpose either given in substance with Broth or made into a Potion as in Diarrhoea Or thus Take of Plantane half an handful Liquoris scraped and whole Raisons of each three drams Red Roses one pugil Tamarinds six drams yellow Myrobalans rub'd with Oyl of sweet Almonds two drams boyl them to three ounces Dissolve in the straining of Rhubarb infused with Lavender in Plantane Water one dram Syrup of Quinces one ounce Make a Potion Or Take of Tamarinds half an ounce Citron Myrobalans two drams boyl them in Barley and Plantane Water infuse in the straining of Rhubarb one dram and an half yellow Saunders half a scruple to four ounces of the straining ad one ounce of the syrup of Roses solutive make a Potion The Decoction of Myrobalans made thus and given in many Draughts is Commended of many Take of the rinds of Myrobalans Chebs ten drams Citron Myrobalans five drams Currans two ounces boyl them in twenty six Pints of Water to the Consumption of the third part strain them and adde ten drams of Sugar clarifie it and put to it half an ounce of Cinnamon Penotus Commends the following Potion as good against both Dysentery and Diarrhoea Take of the Bark of Guajacum beaten two ounces boyl them to halfs in a sufficient quantity of Water adding of red Roses Pomegranate Flowers and Plantane of each two drams boyl them for an hour and then adde to the straining of poudered Rhubarb one dram Diacatholicon three drams make a Potion Many give Parched or Torrified Rhubarb that the Purging Quality may partly be taken away But Amatus Lusitanus takes the second Infusion of Rhubarb and saith That in the first Infusion al his sharpness is taken away and it is better so than Parched
pure and strong Wine drunken plentifully To these you may ad the Heat of the Part adjacent as in strong Feavers the Liver waxeth Hot from the heat of the Heart The Signs of a Hot Distemper of the Liver are Loathing of Meat especially Flesh Thirst binding of the Belly vehement heat in the whol body especially in the palms of the hands and soles of the feet leanness of the whol body the Patient is worse for hot things and better for cold and if there be plenty of hot Humors there wil somtimes be Vomiting and purging of Choller there is a bitterness in the mouth and for the most part a Feaver As to the Prognostick A Hot Distemper of the Liver is not very dangerous because it is not much contrary to the Constitution of the Liver but it useth to be the Cause of many Diseases not only of the Liver but also of other parts It is hard of Cure especially when the Stomach is cold as often it is for those things which are given to Cool the Liver hurt the Stomach and enlarge its Distemper The Cure consists altogether in the correction of the Distemper by cooling Medicines and by the Evacuation of the Chollerick humors which comes from the Liver encreasing the Distemper and that Distemper it and is the Cause of other Diseases And first Opening of a Vein doth much cool the Liver takes away some of the Choller and opens the Obstructions which comes from Choller therefore you must open the Liver Vein of the Right Arm and let such a quantity of blood as is agreeable to the fulness and strength of the Patient either at once or divers times according to the greatness of the Disease and the continuance of it and that after a Clyster or Laxative Medicine hath been administred Then you must give a Medicine which doth gently Purge Choller and Repeat it often at distance or an Apozem for divers Doses or the Magistral Syrup or Syrup of Succory Compound with a four-fold proportion of Rhubarb which is most convenient because it doth innocently purge the Chollerick Humors cooleth the Liver strengthneth it and opens Obstructions The Forms of these Medicines are these that follow Take of clensed Senna and Tamarinds of each half an ounce Annis seeds one dram Succory and Sorrel of each one handful scraped Liquoris three drams the three Cordial Flowers of each half a pugil boyl them to three ounces and dissolve in the straining of Rhubarb infused with a little Lavender Spike in Succory Water one dram and an half double Catholicon three drams syrup of Roses one ounce make a Potion give it in the morning with due custody For the finer sort of People you may make Clarified Potions which are lately invented which are in form of a Julep but somwhat unpleasant to the taste and in them there is prescribed a double quantity of Purging Medicines because the much strength of them is lost in the Clarifying so that they do seldom work upon strong bodies especially in a dry Country where the Humors are less flowing and not so obedient to purges but in moist Countries these kind of Medicines work succesfully This following is an Example of Clarified Potions Take of clean Senna one ounce Annis seeds one dram Succory Leaves and Maiden-Hair of each one handful scraped Liquoris half an ounce boyl them to ten ounces and infuse in the straining two drams of Rhubarb Cassia new drawn and double Catholicon of each one ounce bruised Tamarinds half an ounce Coriander seeds prepared one dram syrup of Roses one ounce strain them and clarifie them according to art make a Potion An Apozeme to Purge Choller is thus made Take of Sorrel Dogs-tooth Succory and Dock Roots of each one ounce Endive Succory Dandelion and Maiden-hair of each one handful of the Four great seeds of each three drams scraped Liquoris one ounce Succory Bugloss and Violet flowers of each one pugil clean Senna two drams Tamarinds one ounce Mace and Cloves of each one dram boyl them to a Pint and a Quarter in the straining dissolve half an ounce of Rhubarb infused in the aforesaid Decoction with a little Cinnamon of compound syrup of Succory and Roses solutive of each two ounces make an Apozeme clarifie it and aromatize it with two drams of yellow Saunders for four mornings draughts A Magistral Syrup may be made of the ingredients of the former Apozeme with a treble quantity of Purgers and adding an equal proportion of Sugar to the Decoction A Syrup made of Juyces is most used amongst us it is of great power in Chronical Diseases which come from a Hot Distemper of the Liver and from yellow and burnt Choller And it is made thus Take of the new made Juyces from their Faeces of Endive Succory Sorrel Fumatory Burrage and Bugloss of each three Pints the Juyce of sweet Apples newly drawn and purified two Pints fresh Polypody of the Oak half a pound clean Senna eight ounces Dodder of Thyme three ounces Agarick newly Trochiscated half an ounce Mace and Cloves of each half a dram infuse them and boyl them according to art while there remains one Pint and an half of the straining in which dissolve of Rhubarb infused with a little Lavender in the aforesaid Juyces and strained one ounce white Sugar one pound and an half make a Syrup well boyled clarified and aromatized with two drams of Triasantalon keep this syrup in a Glass give two ounces at a time or three twice or thrice every month with Chicken Broth wherein Endivs Succory and Sorrel have been boyled or in Whey These things following are excellent to cool the Liver And first for ordinary Drink use the common Ptisan made of Barley Water and Liquoris or with Dog-tooth and Sorrel Roots Or mix such a Decoction with Syrup of Lemmons or Maiden-hair Or they who are more dainty may take only the simple Spring Water mixed with the aforesaid Syrups And if you desire to cool more you may put as much Spirit of Sulphur or of Vitriol as will make it a little sharp And when the heat is very vehement you may give a dram of Lapis Prunellae therewith There is also made a most pleasant Drink of Conserve of Roses mixed with Spring Water and strained to which you may ad some drops of Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol to make it sharp and red like VVine You may also make a Tincture of Roses thus Take of red Roses dried one ounce warm Water three pints Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol one dram and an half Infuse them three or four hours add to it being strained three quarters of a pound of white Sugar Keep it for your use The Alexandrine Julep for this purpose is made thus Take of Spring Water one pint Rose Water Juyce of Lemmons and white Sugar of each four ounces Boyl them with a gentle fire till they are skinned These two last Remedies are used two waies either for ordinary Drink or as a Julep twice
and the Membranes doth often stir up a deadly Looseness After Liniments or if they be omitted you may apply Cataplasms or Emplaisters This following is the best Take of the Roots of wild Cowcumbers well bruised and steeped twenty four hours in Vinegar of Squills one pound clarified Honey two Pints mix them and boyl them to the consistance of a Cerat and ad in the 〈◊〉 your ounces of the Pouder of Cumminseed make an Emplaister for the belly to be renewed evâ—â—y day Or Take of dryed Cow-dung one pound Brimstone and Cummin seeds Poudered of each two drams New Wine boyled called Sapa or of the Vrine of a Boy as much as will make a Cataplasm A Cataplasm of Rhadishes bruised and laid to the Navel and Reins doth provoke Stools and Urine Galen Commends a Cataplasm of Snails bruised with their Shells which must be kept to the belly till it fal off of its own accord it draws water forth violently Valeriola makes it in form of a Plaister thus Take of Cow-dung one pound Goats-dung half a pound boyl them in strong Vinegar and beat them in a Mortar with three ounces of Brimstone and one ounce of Allum the Juyce of Spurge and dwarf-Elder newly drawn of each three ounces Lupine and Orobus meal of each two ounces the Pouder of Soldanella Annis Fennel and Cummin of each two drams common parched Salt three drams Turpentine four ounces Pitch six ounces make a Plaister It is worth the Observation which Wierus and Varignana say they have found by Experience that a Toad found in the Woods cut through the belly and tyed to the Reins doth provoke Urine violently and when you wil evacuate more apply another Petraeus also reports that the Pouder of the same Toad dried and calcined in an Oven drunk half a dram in Wine or other Liquor doth wonderfully expel the Dropsie by Urine The first Inventor of which Experience desiring thereby to destroy himself was cured thereby contrary to expectation Also this following Cerat made of a Toad is excellent Take of Toads two pound the Juyce of dwarf Elder three Pints Oyl one pint Wax half a pound boyl them in a luted Pot to the consumption of half strain them for a Cerat spread this upon a Leather and lay it to the Spleen it evacuateth all waters All the time of the Cure you must strengthen the Liver and Stomach if the humor doth begin to abate or is not so great that it hinders the Vertue of outward Medicines from coming to the part Take of the Oyl of Orange flowers one ounce the Oyl of Spike three drams the Oyntment of Roses the stomach Cerot of Galen of each two drams distilled Oyl of Mastich two scruples the distilled Oyl of Wormwood one scruple Oyl of Nutmegs one dram and an half white Wax a little mix them for a Liniment to be applied to the stomach Take of Sea Wormwood three drams Horehound and Rosemary of each two drams Red Roses two pugills Ghamomil flowers and Bay Leaves of each half an handful Orange peels and sweet wood Aloes of each three drams Cypress Roots Schoenanth and Spikenard of each half an ounce with two parts of the best Wine and one part of Wormwood and Agrimony Water make a Decoction with which Foment the Region of the Liver with a spunge first washt in Wormwood Water Take of the Oyntment of Roses and Cerot of Sanders of each three ounces Red Roses Endive and Sorrel seed of each one dram Spikenard Schoenanth dryed Wormwood and Styrax Calamita of each four scruples Oyl of Mastich or Wormwood as much as will suffice to make a Liniment to be applied to the same part after the Fomentation For the most part in a Dropsie the Thighs Legs and Feet have a cold swelling and for the discussing of it a Lye is good in which the Roots of Dwarf Elder and Elicampane Rosemary Leaves Marjoram Thyme Bayes Organ Salt and Allum have been boyled Although the things aforesaid are chiefly used yet somtimes they are not necessary namely when the Dropsie comes in a hot and dry Constitution from hot causes which disperse the natural heat as in vehement Chollerick Feavers for then cold things for the Liver mixed with warm Openers are best such as are used in continual Feavers And the Magistral Syrup above mentioned made of the Juyce of Roses Succory and Agrimony For ordinary Drink give a Decoction of Succory Roots and Calcitrapa or white Chamelion which is not unpleasant or of other Openers but in a greater quantity than above which may quench thirst asswage the heat of the Liver and moisten the driness thereof It is not amiss to confirm this Doctrine by a famous example though it be allowed by Avicen Trallian and others because it seems strange to some and is of great Consequence Baptista Montanus reports Cons 263. in these words I saw saith he in Venice a certain Predicant Frier that was cured of an Ascites and Tympanites there were with me many famous Physitians namely Papiensis Eugubinus Trincavella and others He had as I said an Ascites with a Tympany and a Consumption with a Hectick Feaver therefore we were bound both to dry and moisten therefore we were in a great contention I was willing that he should drink much but things that Open because he had many obstructions and that moisten because he had a Consumption I prescribed the Syrup of Vinegar with all things that provoke Vrine Eugubinus would not allow him to drink and told a story of one who was cured by dry things Papiensis to end the controversie said That he should neither drink much nor at all we argued till night the Noblemen brought their Physitians to their Boats and there Papiensis said to a Nobleman what he had concealed formerly If you would have this man cured there is nothing to be done but what Baptista Montanus saith In this case also Medicines of Steel Tartar and Vitriol are excellent because they strongly Open and provoke Urine without any great heat But the tart Vitriol Mineral Waters are best because they powerfully open the Bowels provoke Urine and correct the Distemper of the Bowels whence experience sheweth us that many Dropsies are every yeer cured at the Spaw Avicen reports in the Chapter of the Cure of Ascites of a Woman which had a great Dropsie and eat an incredible number of Pomegranats whereby she was cured And Varignana reports out of Platearius That an Old Woman boyled the Juyce of Plantane to the Consumption of half and gave it to one that had a Dropsie from a Hot Cause every day and so Cured him By these Examples it is plain That somtimes a Dropsie is Cured with Cold things and to these we may ad the testimony of Christopher a Vega lib. 3. art med sect 8. cap. 12. who saith there We saw one that had a Tympany from the Hot Distemper of the Liver whom we cured with cold things laying upon the Liver the Juyce of Endive and
when other Medicines did nothing While you give intermitting Purges let the Body at other times be moistened with Baths or half Baths or Fomentations by which both the violence of the Humor is restrained and the Body made moister Also at those times you must use strengtheners which will also open Obstructions and they use to be made often like Opiates or a hard Electuary or Lozenges thus Take of Conserve of Bugloss Roots half an ounce Conserve of Borrage Flowers and Violets of each one ounce Conserve of Roses and candied Citron peels of each half an ounce one candied Myrobalan Confection Alkermes three drams Pouder of Ivory Harts-horn and Bezoar stone of each one dram Loetisicans Galeni and Diarrhodon Abbatis of each two scruples Coral and Pearl prepared of each half a dram Amber-greece half a scruple the best Musk five grains Gold three Leaves with Syrup of Apples and of candied Citrons make an Opiate of which give the quantity of a Chesnut two hours before meat every day drinking after it a little white Wine A plainer and better tasted Opiate is made of one part of Confection Alkermes and four parts of Conserve of Borrage Flowers And to open more powerfully if you fear no hurt by hot things add Conserve of Tamarisk flowers Elicampane Roots Wormwood Maiden-hair and the Salts of Wormwood and Tamarisk c. You may make Lozenges thus Take of Diambra Diamoschi dulce and Loetisicans Galeni of each one scruple Confectio Alkermes three drams Sugar dissolved in Borrage and Rose Water four ounces make Lozenges of two drams in weight gilded Let him take one every day two hours before meat Or you may make them more pleasant thus Take of Confectio Alkermes two drams Amber-greece one scruple Sugar dissolved in Rose Water four ounces Make Lozenges Amber-greece alone given five or six grains at a time every day with Wine or Rose Water doth cheer the Spirits and the Natural Heat and much rejoyce the Heart Some Authors do much commend the use of Bezoar stone against all Melanchollick Disease because it doth much strengthen the Heart and you may give five or six grains in Rose Water or other Liquor After the Body is well purged if it be Spring or Summer you may give Whey for fifteen or twenty daies which will open the Obstructions of the Bowels and amend the hot distemper Make it by boyling and clarifying it and putting into it every night two drams or half an ounce of Epithimum You must proportion the quantity according to the strength of the Stomach For if it can easily pass through the Veins being somwhat open and be sent forth by stool and urine it is good to give it in great quantities as Mineral Waters prescribed in the hot distemper of the Liver with this Caution That you strengthen the Stomach with Baggs and other things hereafter mentioned and give every day at evening a Cordial strengthening Opiate Instead of Epithimum you may mix with the Whey the juyce of Succory Borrage or of any other proper cool Herb thus Take of Goat Whey four or five pints the juyce of fresh Lemmons four ounces the new juyce of sweet Apples six ounces Conserve of Roses or Violets or white Sugar one ounce Clarifie these with whites of Eggs. Let him take every morning three or four more Cups thereof if his Stomach will bear it In Bodies that are very lean after the Obstructions are a little opened you may give Asses Milk with Sugar of Roses and if there be rumbling in the Hypochondria a little Aromaticum Rosatum or Diarrhodon Abbatis wil do very wel But your sharp and Vitriol Mineral Waters are beyond all Medicines which by correcting the distemper of the bowels do powerfully open Obstructions especially the warmest which do make the Humor thin and clense it There is great dispute among Authors concerning drinking those Waters Some with Sennertus do allow it because they receive Vertue from their Minerals and do thereby both clense the passages and send forth the filthy Humors which stick to them by stool and Urine they warm the Stomach and strengthen the Liver and Spleen And we may rather fear that these Waters wil hurt by the use of them external than internal by heating and drying Others with Claudinus do altogether deny them by reason of their drying quality Others with Montanus do neither altogether reject them nor wholly approve of them they say they are good by reason of the coldness of the Stomach which is alwaies in this Disease and by reason of Obstructions But in regard the Liver and Spleen are hot they wil have them defended with the cool Oyntment of Galen And also the Loyns for then saith he the water will not hurt because it staies longer in the Stomach and cold places but only passeth through other parts We suppose that the use of them is convenient if the Stomach being cold have much thick and clammy flegm in it and if the heat of the Liver be not very great Which part is not like to suffer if the aforesaid Oyntment be not only given but also cool Broths after the Waters and after they have been used enough cold and moistening baths for some daies Medicines made of Steel use to be of great Vertue to open these Obstructions such as are mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver and of the Spleen avoiding those which do heat and dry much In hot bodies you may give Steel prepared with Brimstone or Vinegar with Conserve of Borrage and Succory made in the form of an Opiate For dainty folk the Syrup of Steel afore mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver and Spleen is excellent or the Froth which remains in the Glass after the Evaporation of the Wine which hath been often steeled mixed with the aforesaid Conserves But Salt or Vitriol of sron goes beyond all Medicines because it opens Obstructions strengthens the Bowels and qualifies their heat The Dose is from twelve to twenty grains with a fit Liquor Syrup or Conserve But because it is displeasing to the taste I use to make it into Pils with the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth You must use it long and therefore get a great quantity which is not easie to be got after the way that Beguinus and others make it We will shew you the easie way of making it which few men know Take of the Oyl of Vitriol or of Sulphur half a pint the Spirit of Wine one pint Put them in a new Iron Pan that is clean and cover them well within fifteen daies of them there will be a Salt-like gathering which you must set in the Sun to dry it throughly somtimes stirring it with an Iron Spatula In Winter you may dry it upon a gentle fire or in a Hot-house Let the Salt being well dried be kept in a close Glass for if it be exposed to the Air it easily turneth moist Also the Pills that are made thereof of Tragacanth must be hardened with the Pouder
us by Hippocrates 6. Epid. Part. I. Aph. 6. and by Aetius lib. 11. cap. 5. And if the Disease last long you may open the Hemorroids according to Hipp. Aph. 11. Sect. 6. who saith That it is good for Melanchollick men and such as have the stone to have their Hemorrhoids bleed From the same branch of the Spleen there are Veins which go to the Reins bladder and Hemorrhoids If the pain be not asswaged by Fomentations Liniments and Cataplasms aforesaid put him into a Bath made of the Emollent Decoction with white Wine added for it asswageth pain at least while the Patient sits therein but you must not use it much least it take away strength And lastly When the pain is very great with watching and weakness you must give Narcoticks and put two drams of Philonium Romanum or five or six grains of Laudanum in a Clyster or three or four grains at the mouth or one ounce of Syrup of Poppies in a convenient Julep After these Topicks have been used in a long pain it is good to apply a Plaister of Melilot malaxed with Oyl of Chamomel and Dill. This pain useth to be bred with some of these Medicines and with repeating Purges if they be needful or giving Cassia often But if after the use of them it continue it is most certain that they are great stones which stop the Ureters which must be sent out by Diureticks which wil break them But you must first begin with the mildest lest by strong and sharp you inflame the Blood and the Reins And you must consider the habit of the Body For a full Body will endure things that do more pierce and make thin but a slender less There are abundance of this kind in Authors that diminish break and expel the stone but we wil give you only the most choyce Take of Smallage Parsley Butchers Broom Couch-grass and Sparagus Roots of each one ounce Mallow and Marsh-mallow Roots of each half an ounce Pellitory of the wall two bandfuls Annis Fennel Dill Caraway Carrot Amye Carthamus Cummin Rue seeds and Bay-berries of each two drams Chamomel Melilot Dill and French Lavender of each one pugil boyl them in white Wine to the consumption of half Dissolve in the straining being one pint fresh Butter four ounces Honey of Roses two ounces red Sugar one ounce Benedicta Laxativa half an ounce one Yolk of an Egg Oyl of Nuts Lin-seed and Dill of each three ounces mix them for a Clyster which let him keep two hours if he can Take of Strawberry Water and Saxifrage Water of each two ounces the best white Wine six ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Spirit of Vitriol one dram mix them for three doses Give the first as hot as may be endured after six hours give the second as the former and if this will not do as it seldom misseth let him take the third You may sooner make a Julep of Saxifrage Water and Syrup of Violets with fifteen or twenty drops of Spirit of Vitriol Take of the Juyce of Pellitory drawn without fire three ounces Juyce of Lemmons and Oyl of sweet Almonds drawn without fire of each one ounce and an half Mix them for a Julep to be given three or four times morning and evening Or Take of the Juyce of Lemmons and white Wine of each two ounces Sugar candy half a dram Take it instead of the Julep Concerning Juyce of Lemmons you must note That it must be used warily for being given often and much it maketh Exulcerations in the Stomach from whence cometh the Flux called Lienteria These Pills following are excellent Take of Sal prunella Crystal of Tartar Salt of Ivy Berries and of Water-cresses of each equal parts with some proper Syrup or Turpentine make a Mass of Pills of which give one dram every morning This following pouder of Quercetan is much commended Take of the inward skin of Hens Gizzards and their white Dung of each half an ounce the inward skins of Egg-shels poudered two ounces and an half Rupture and Cinnamon of each four scruples Medlar stones two drams Annis and Fennel seeds of each one ounce make them into very fine pouder and give half a dram or a dram thereof in white Wine The Ashes of burnt Egg-shels from half a dram to an ounce given in white Wine doth powerfully expel the Stone that sticks in the passages of the Ureters Goats blood prepared is commended of all Authors old and modern as the best Medicine to dissolve the stone The Dose is from half a dram to a dram The Water of Goats Blood distilled in a Glass in Balneo Mariae doth wonders But you must feed the Goat one month with Saxifrage burnt Juniper berries Parsley and other Diureticks without Drink Hartman commends the Urine of a Goat in these words as a wonderful Remedy In the stoppage of the Reins by a greatstone or when the Vreters and Bladder are stopped by stones sent thither so that one drop cannot be voided it is excellent if you take the Vrine of a Goat taken out with his Bladder while he is yet alive and drink and apply his Paunch and Guts to the Belly and Privities for so the stone will be presently consumed without hurt to the Vessels and the Patient cured The Pouder of Millepedum or Sows is excellent to dissolve the stone and we will teach the use thereof in the stone of the Bladder Also the infusion of the same in white Wine and continued There is a Wine of Winter Cherries commended of Arnoldus Villanovanus and they say it doth so bring forth the matter of the stone that you may take it up in your hand And this is done by beating the Winter Cherries in white Wine and giving the strained Liquor These also following are good Take of Lapis Judaicus or Jews stone Pulvis Lithontribi Justini of each one dram Peach Kernels Gum Tragacanth and Cherry-stone Kernels of each half a dram bring them to Pouder and with Turpentine make a Bolus which give in three Doses morning and evening Take of Hors-Rhadish scraped two ounces white Wine four ounces steep them a few hours then strain them strongly Let the Patient take the straining twice or thrice at convenient hours Savin Water given to an ounce or two doth purge stones and gravel Take of Mallow Roots clensed in white Wine six ounces Burdock and Couch-grass Roots of each four ounces Asarum Paâ—sley Valerian and Fennel Roots bruised of each two ounces Maiden-hair Saxifrage Burnet Golden rod and Betony of each four handfuls Bazil Burdock Carduus Mountain Osier seeds Medlar stones and Peach stones of each one ounce Gromwel seeds two ounces Lapidis Lyncis and Judaici of each one ounce and an half Turpentine three ounces Goats Blood prepared two ounces and an half Saffron two drams white Wine four pints bruise them that must and mix them all distil them in Balneo Mariae Take two ounces of this Water three hours before Supper drinking after
a little white Wine or red Pease broth Sea-holly and Liquoris exercising after it Carolus Piso highly commends this following Pouder which he gave with his purging Pouder before mentioned and took away many boxes of smal stones from a President of Lorrain Take of Marsh-mallow and Violet seeds of each half a scruple Gromwel seeds and Liquoris of each one scruple the Jews stone and Spunge stone of each six grains the pouder of Dates Medlar and Cherry stones of each two scruples Melone Seeds three drams make a Pouder Give one dram with unleavened bread dipt in white Wine three daies together of the New moon and let him drink red Pease broth after it wherein the Roots of Marsh-mallows Fennel Sea-holly Rest-harrow and Parsley and Juniper berries bruised have been boyled adding a little white Wine Honey Butter and Juyce of Lemmons This following Electuary prescribed by Zappata is excellent Take of the Seeds of St. Johns-wort dried and finely poudered three ounces Conserve of Roses of Violets one pound mix them into an Electuary of which let the Patient take half an ounce every morning three hours before meat the first two weeks two daies together and after for fifteen daies once in a week and after that once in a month or oftener according as the Disease requireth Conserve of Roses is better than Violets because it correcteth the scent of the Turpentine which comes forth of the Seeds of St. Johns wort beaten But Violets agrees best with the Reins These following Lozenges are very safe and most excellent Take of the four great cold seeds and of Liquoris all clensed one scruple Burnet Bazil Parsley seeds and Nutmeg of each half a dram Aromaticum Rosatum two scruples Sugar dissolved in Winter Cherry Water four ounces make Lozenges of three drams in weight Let him take one in the morning three hours before meat drinking after it four ounces of Rest-harrow or Rupture-wort Water with two ounces of white Wine The Wine of Winter Cherries described in the Cure if it be drunk somtimes doth take away the Matter that breeds the Stone saith Villanovanus In the use of all Diureticks observe this They must not be used too often because they draw to the part affected there once or twice in a month or somtimes seldomer is sufficient purging before lest the Humors of other parts should be carried to the Reins Turpentine may be used oftener for Amatus Lusitanus in Curat 68. Cent. 2. reports of a Monk that had the Joynt-gout and the Stone both and could find help by nothing at length by the use of Turpentine he was cured within six months of them both Every morning he swallowed the quantity of a smal Nut with Sugar And the reason why Turpentine often used doth not hurt as other Diureticks in my Judgment is this Because it looseneth the Belly withal so that those gross Humors which by other Medicines would be carried to the Reins are sent out by stool But commonly Turpentine is used seldom as other Diureticks either alone or with other Medicines thus Take of Turpentine ten times washed in Saxifrage or Pellitory Water half an ounce With Sugar make a Bolus Or Take of Cassia newly drawn six drams Turpentine half an ounce Pouder of Liquoris two drams mix them for a Bolus Or Take half an ounce of Turpentine and one dram of poudered Rhubarb mix them for a Bolus Or Take Four ounces of Turpentine burn it upon a hot Iron that it may pouder and give two drams with convenient Liquor Or Take Turpentine half an ounce Pouder against the Stone called Pulvis Lithontribus tâ—o drams mix it for a Bolus Zacutus Lusitanus Obser 58. lib. 2. Praxis admir doth much commend Natural Balsom for expelling stones and that a man of three score yeers of age that had his Water stopped eighteen daies with stones was cured thereby First he took some drops of it with Oyl of sweet Almonds encreasing the quantity of both till he came to half an ounce of Balsom and three ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds within ten daies he voided six stones and afterwards he was preserved by the same Medicine by taking in a morning half an ounce of Oyl of sweet Almonds and six drops of Balsom by which means he made a Sandy Urine and lived long If you want Eastern Balsom you may take that of Peru. The same Zacutus in the same Observation doth commend Tobacco Water in these words I remember saith he that I took away many great stones fastened in the hollow of the Reins with distilled green Tobacco Water If you want that then use the Decoction Most wiâ—e Varandaeus my Master commends the Waters of some Baths Balervacan or Bitumenous for Preservatives against the Stone of which we have seen rare effects We 〈◊〉 his words There is saith he no better Medicine after Purging than the drinking of Balervacan Waters for by the heat which comes from the Bitumen they dissolve gross humors and stones and by their Nitrous quality they clense and by their great quantity do not only clense the Guts but Reins so that it is incredible to tel what abundance of thick Water some have made after it But when we fear the Inflamation of the Guts we ordered them to abstain from Wine and gave them Chicken Broth with cold Herbs and Juleps Therefore we put fat Flegmatick men into them once a day in the morning having first anointed their Reins and Liver with some proper Oyntment and bound them with doubled linnen cloaths that the Excrements might be received from the Pores opened And if their Bewels grow hot they may after use sweet Water Baths that cool and moisten Sharp Mineral Waters or Vitriol are also good to prevent for they do not only dissolve the slimy Tartarous Matter that breeds the Stone but correct the hot distemper of the Liver and Reins and therefore in hot distempers these are best And because hot Bodies are hurt by hot things we will prescribe more temperate as Bean and Rupture-wort Water and Lemmon Water distilled Slice them and distil them in Balneo Mariae And for their better cooling still them with Milk The Conserve of Hipps is Diuretick and cooling and is commended by Crato in this case also The Conserve of Marsh-mallow and Mallow flowers which by mollifying and moistening helps the stones to come forth The inspissate Juyce of Purslain made into Pills and given one dram at a time doth powerfully clense the Reins The dried Flowers of Pomegranates in one dram doth purge the Matter causing the Stone And the like Quantity of the Dryed Spunge of white Thistle given in like quantity is excellent Fresh Butter with as much Sugar candy taken every morning fasting doth clense the Passages of the Urine and hinder the breeding of the Stone Bitter Almonds taken ten or twelve in a morning do the same Filberts also taken before meat are commended by Crato who saies that he found by Experience that many long
or drops in the Vrine and pain in the lower part of the Belly the Pecten or Perinaeum these have their disease from the Bladder If it come from the stone the signs thereof which are mentioned in its proper Chapter wil appear if they do not you must conclude that it comes from too much blood or sharpness thereof The abundance of blood wil be known by the signs of repletion and sharpness by the signs of Choller or Melancholly predominating also salt flegm in the Urine wil make a great stoppage of Urine and pissing of blood this hapneth often in old men that are very apt to be troubled with salt flegm And the pissing of blood from sharp humors is distinguished from that in the stone that in which there were first pains of the Reins and voiding of stones but not in the other whose Urine is cleer with no strange things therein And the Disease proceeds not only from immoderate Exercise which is ordinary to both causes but also from the passions of the mind when it comes from sharp humors which are much stirred up by passions so that they who are subject to this Disease after Anger and Sadness or great disturbance of the mind use commonly to piss blood As for the Prognostick A plentiful and often pissing of blood is very dangerous for it wil bring either a Consumption or a Dropsie And if it continue long it may cause an Ulcer in that part from whence the blood floweth if much blood flow at one time it wil cause a great stoppage of Urine in the Bladder or some other evil Symptomes as it encreaseth therein and grows evil qualified The Cure of this Disease is divers according to the variety of the cause And first if it come from blood abounding or from sharpness it must be first cured with Phlebotomy on the same side often and little for the better revulsion And by Cupping Friction and Ligatures in the upper parts and if blood flow violently Cupping-glasses must be applied to the Hypochondria For derivation let the Vein of the Ancle be opened and the Hemorrhoids When watery Chollerick Humors cause it let them be purged with Medicines mentioned in spitting of blood often repeated at distance To which also you may add these following at your discretion Take of the Pouder of torrefied Rhubarb one dram prepared Coral half a scruple Goats Whey or Plantane Water three ounces Make a Potion Take of Cassia newly drawn half an ounce the Pulp of Tamarinds six drams Eastern Bolearmenick half a scruple With Sugar make a Bolus After due Evacuations and Revulsions or at that time if need require you may use things to stop blood and knit the Veins And these are not presently to be used at the first left being stopped too suddenly it should grow cloddy in some part For this purpose the Juyce of Plantane newly drawn is much commended given four or five ounces in a morning and evening which is good for any kind of bleeding But if you fear it will cool the Stomach too much you may boyl it a little with Sugar Sheeps Milk is much commended by Forestus Lib. 24. Observ 13. Often saith he I have cured pissing of blood with only Sheeps Milk six ounces and one dram of Bole-armenick The same is an Experience of Gatinaria who also commands that none do sleep presently or exercise after it Also Hollerius and Duretus from Avicen and Hippocrates commend the same Also Decoctions of Knot-grass Horstail Purslain and Bramble tops are good for this adding the third part of the Juyce of sharp Pomegranates or Quinces Or to allay the heat of the Blood let him take the Apozeme following many times morning and evening Take of Lettice Purslain Plantane and Comphry of each one handful all the cold seeds of each one dram Jujubes three pair Liquoris half an ounce Water-lillies Violets and Roses of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half In the straining dissolve of Gum Traganth one dram and an half Syrup of Violets and dried Roses of each one ounce and an half Lapis prunellae half an ounce the Troches of Winter-cherries without Opium half a dram Make a Julep for four Doses To thicken and stop the blood more put one ounce of Syrup of Poppies thereto Also you may give the Pouders that stop blood as of red Coral Blood-stone Bole-armenick fealed Earth either with the Apozeme or with Rose or Plantane Water If the Disease continue give this Opiate Take of Conserve of Roses and Comphry Roots of each two ounces Sealed Earth Bole-armenick Sanguis Draconis red Coral Blood-stone and Troches of Amber of each one dram Hypocystis or Conserve of Sloes Kermes berries and Plantane seeds of each one scruple with Syrup of Poppies and Myrtles of each equal parts make an Opiate of which let him take the bigness of a Chesnut morning and evening drinking after a little Plantane Water If it yet continue it is good to give at distance the Decoction of Myrobalans in Whey or the like Hollerius affirms and Duâ—etus that the Troches of Gordonius are the best for it Christopher Vega commends the Troches of Amber given with Plantane Water and saith that he cured this Disease with giving them only once at night For ordinary Drink give the Infusion of Mastich wood in Wine made thus Take of sliced Mastich wood one ounce spring Water four ounces Infuse them in Balneo Mariae very warm in a close Vessel Keep the straining for your use But because clods of blood are often retained in the bladder which beget grievous Symptomes give warm Water and Vinegar or Mallow Water and sharp Vinegar warm Let the Vinegar be so little that it is scarce tasted Apply Topicks to the Loyns that cool and astringe Take of Snakeweed and Comphry Roots of each one ounce Plantane Purslain Hors-tail Knot-grass and Sbepheards-purse of each one handful Pomegranate peels half an ounce Sumach and Myrtle berries and Hypocystis of each two drams Acron Cups red and yellow Sanders of each one dram red Roses three pugils boyl them in Smiths Water and a little Vinegar With the straining let the Reins be fomented hot Of the same Decoction you may make a Bath to sit in adding more simples Take of Vnguentum Comitissae and refrigerans Galeni of each one ounce and an half wash it with Oxycrate and anoint the Loyns therewith Or to bind more Take of the Juyce of Plantane and Blood-wort of each two ounces Vinegar half an ounce Oyl Olive six ounces boyl them till the Juyces be consumed then add of Sanguis Draconis Mastich and Pomegranate peels of each two drams Camphire half a dram Vnguentum Comitissae four drams Wax as much as will make a Liniment put a little Vinegar to it when you use it Also a Plate of Lead ful of holes worn about the Reins is good You must guard the Liver when it comes from sharp Humors with Epithems and Oyntments When it comes from the
Stone and Gravel after Purging Revulsion and things that allay sharpness mentioned you must use those things that may gently clense as these that follow Take of Pills of Turpentine with Rhubarb one ounce give half a dram in a morning with two spoonfuls of Syrup of Scurvy-grass every other day But when he takes them not give this Pouder and Confection following Take of Liquoris two drams the four cold Seeds of each one dram Purslain and Lettice seed of each half a dram the Troches of Amber and burnt Harts-horn prepared of each one scruple Sugar as much as all the rest make a fine Pouder give one dram with Mallows Water in which Quince seeds have been infused Take of blanched Almonds and Pine seeds clensed of each half a dram Marsh-mallow seeds and Winter Cherries of each one scruple Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each half a scruple Starch and Tragacanth of each half a dram Liquoris two drams Sugar six ounces With Pellitory Water make a Confection in Morsels Take it morning and evening half an ounce Stronger Diureticks are not convenient for they wil provoke the flux And lastly Vitriol Waters are good to stop blood cool the Reins and expel stones Chap. 5. Of the Vlcer of the Reins and Bladder THe Ulcer of the Reins and Bladder comes of three Causes from an Imposthume broken after Suppuration from the sharpness of Humors such as causeth pissing of blood which being violent and continual doth ulcerate the parts or from a sharp stone that corrodeth them the last is most usual the former seldom Among the Signs the chief is voiding of Matter with Urine which lasting long doth shew that there is an Ulcer certainly in the Ureters But whether the Reins or the Bladder be affected is known by the place of pain whether it be in the Loyns or neer the Privities Moreover If Matter come from the Reins it is better concocted white thin and not stinking because the body of the Kidneys being fleshy doth better concoct besides the Matter is more abundant and more mixed with the Urine which is voided like Milk till after long standing it settle to the bottom That Matter which comes from the Bladder is little and not much mixed with the Urine not so wel concocted but crude of divers colors and stinking for that part being without blood and having little heat cannot concoct sufficiently But often pure Matter is voided without Urine from the neck of the Bladder and then there is a continual difficulty of Urine and pain in that part which is not in an Ulcer of the Reins but by fits When the Ulcer is in the Reins somtimes much Blood is voided which is hard to be stopped and somtimes pieces of flesh and matter or blood somtimes so big as they hardly pass and cause pain but from the bladder come scales or skins or bran And from an old Ulcer of the Bladder that is callous or hard there flows that snotty flegm which we spake of in the stone of the Bladder As for the Prognostick All inward Ulcers are dangerous but these most because of the constant flux of Humors to these parts for although the serous humor hath a clensing quality yet here being mixed with other qualities it doth not as in its Natural condition and if evil salt and sharp humors are mixed therewith they will make and nourish an Ulcer New Ulcers of the Reins and Bladder are curable old not They are incurable in old men somtimes incurable in yong men with much difficulty Ulcers that come from the Stone and are maintained by it cannot be cured before it be taken out The pain and Symptomes which accompany the aforesaid Ulcers cause watchings and consume the Body The Cure is by clensing drying and heating as al other For this purpose use these following First If there be a repletion or inflamation in the part affected let blood first in the Arm then in the Hand Then purge often to take away the vitious humors that flow to the part affected but with gentle things as Cassia Manna Syrup of Roses Agarick Rhubarb made into a Bolus because in a moist form being drunk they quickly go to the Ureters and encrease pain You may give this Opiate following Take of Polypody of the Oak and Liquoris of each half an ounce the four great cold seeds of each one dram Borrage and Violet flowers of each half a pugil Jujubes six pair Damask Prunes three pair smal Raisons half an ounce Senna one ounce and an half Infuse them all night in Barley Water then boyl and strain them then dissolve of Manna one ounce and an half Cassia three ounces boyl them to an Opiate adding in the end half an ounce of Rhubarb in pouder Give one ounce at a time once in a week two hours before meat Or Take of Cassia two ounces Manna one ounce and an half the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds six drams the four great cold seeds of each one dram the Juyce of Liquoris two drams With Syrup of Roses solutive make an Opiate These Opiates wil be better if you put Mercurius dulcis to them because Mercury doth clense and heal al Ulcers both internal and external Turpentine is purging and excellent in this Disease because it clenseth the Ulcer And you must give half an ounce thereof washed at once with Pouder of Liquoris But it is chiefly good when the Urine is thick Avicen commends Vomiting for this Disease Cap. de Vlcer Renum A Vomit saith he is the best way to cure an Vlcer in the Reins because it clenseth and emptieth and draweth the Humors from the part But Aetius in his Chapter de suppuratis Renibus If saith he any man will take a strong Vomit every month he will happily cure the Vlcer of the Reins or any other evil that ariseth from them Many Modern Physitians follow these some gave warm Oyl and Water one hour before meat which only Medicine being often repeated hath cured this Disease as they say But Rondeletius wil have them vomit after meat because then men vomit most easily and he gives warm Water and Oyl and anoints the Stomach with Oyl of Lillies But you must never give a Vomit but to them that are easie to vomit for otherwise it would Inflame the Ulcer After due Evacuations and Revulsions you must use Clensers The chief is Whey taken every morning in abundance or thin Hydromel six or eight ounces in a morning in ordinary drink or the Decoction of Barley and Liquoris with Sugar and give Water and Sugar for ordinary Drink You may boyl in Hydromel if you fear heat the cold Seeds Liquoris and Mallows Asses Milk doth not only clese with its Wheyie part but heal with its cheezy part but you must not give it in a Feaver or you may make this following Decoction to clense and ease pain Take of Marsh-mallow Roots half an ounce Plantane Agrimony Maiden-hair and Mallows of each one handful Mallows and
Melone Seeds with their Husks beaten of each half an ounce Winter Cherries six drams scraped Liquoris one ounce Barley one pugil boyl them to two pints Dissolve in the straining three ounces of Honey and two ounces of Sugar candy make a Julep Take eight ounces every morning for ten daies Those Medicines you give for the Reins or Womb must be given in great quantities least they lose their vertue before they come there Instead of them al you may use Mineral Waters of Allum and Iron by the constant use thereof the heat is corrected and the Ulcer mundified and healed Some commend the Decoction of China Sarsa or Sassaphras or of Guajacum given thirty daies or more together with a second Decoction thereof for ordinary Drink and a thin drying Diet and least the Bowels should thereby be too much inflamed they give cool Broths at night and anoint the Reins with cold Oyntments And this course is taken to dry up the matter to purge and clense especially in them that are flegmatick or have the French Pox and have neither Feaver nor Flux of Blood But in any case you may use with more safety this following Take of Sarsaparilla three ounces Shavings of Mastich Tree two ounces Sassaphras one ounce Shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each six drams Jujubes and Sebestens of each half an ounce Lignum Nephriticum four ounces Barley two ounces Infuse them twelve hours in five pints of spring Water boyl them to three pints for six draughts to be taken twice in a day aromatize them with two drams of Cinnamon After the use of Clensers when you see by the decrease of the quantity of Matter in the Urine that the Ulcer is clensed as when it is white and even and not filthy give drying astringing glutinating and heating things as these Troches following Take of Bole-armenick sealed Earth and red Coral of each three drams Gum Arabick and Tragacanth of each half an ounce with Agrimony Water make Troches of two drams apiece Let him take one every morning with boyled Milk or the Decoction of Comphry The Troches of Gordonius are best of all because they asswage pain and heat Their Dose is two or three drams with Hydromel or Barley Water when you wil clense more or with Goats oâ— Sheeps Milk when you wil glutinate more For the same use this following Opiate Take of Conserve of old Roses three ounces Purslain and Plantane seeds Myrtle Berries Bole sealed Earth Sanguis Draconis of each one dram the shavings of Ivory and Troches of Winter Cherries of each half a dram with Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate of which give the quantity of a Chesnutiwice in a day You may make knitting Juleps thus Take of Comphry Roots two ounces Plantane and Mous-ear of each one handful the tops of Mallows and Maiden-hair of each half a handful Liquoris half an ounce Starch and Gum Arabick Tragacanth and Bole of each one dram Lettice and Purslain seeds of each one dram and an half red Roses one pugiâ—â— boyl them in Rain Water to one pint and an half In the straining dissolve four ounces of Sugar of Penides two ounces make a Julep Give eight ounces in a morning for ten or twelve daies Also the following Pills are good Take of Turpentine washed in Plantane Water one dram Juyce of Liquoris and Gum Tragacanth of each two scruples Bole and Troches of Winter Cherries of each half a scruplr With the Juyce of Hors-tail make Pills Let him take half a dram morning and evening They are stronger made thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots and Comphry dried of each two drams Gum Arabick Cherry and Plum-tree of each one dram Oliâ—amâ—â— and Myrrh of each four scruples white Poppy seeds and Winter Cherries of each one dram and an hâ—lf Camphire two scruples beat them finely 〈…〉 of the third part of them all of Antimonium Diaphoreticum and with 〈…〉 make a Mass Give one dram morning and evening long from meat and after it a little â—â— his ordinary drink If Turpentine cause pain give instead thereof Juyce of Liquoris dissolved in Pellitory Water And above all new Milk from the Cow with one dram of Bole-armenick that is true every morning is excellent as Forestus saies And it is a secret of his Master Helidaeus because it clenseth and healeth the Ulcer Quercetan in his Dispensatory commends the Water that is given for the Gonorrhoea as good for the same as well as other Ulcers Hartmannus commends an Opiate made of Conserve of Roses two parts and the Pouder of the Seeds of St. Johns wort one part given in the end of the Cure many evenings together And also two or three grains of Mercurius Dulcis given every day in Plantane Water But Mercurius Diaphoreticus is better if wel made and as it were fixed this cures al internal ulcers miraculously In old Ulcers the Decoction of round Birthwort in white Wine with Sugar is very good Also observe what Garcias ab Horto saies That in Goa they give Aloes and Milk for Ulcers in the Reins and Bladder or to such as piss filth and it presently cureth Outwardly to knit give this Oyntment Take of Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each four ounces Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar one ounce Litharge finely poudered one ounce and an half washed Ceruss half an ounce fine Pouder of Tutty two drams Sanguis Draconis one dram Make them into an Oyntment Also you may use this following when there is no Inflamation Take of Oyl of Roses and Mastich of each two ounces Myrrh Aloes Sarcocol Sanguis Draconis of each one dram Starch and Gum Tragacanth of each four scruples Styrax Calamita one dram white Wax as much as will make an Oyntment In the Ulcer of the Bladder it is proper to make Injection twice in a day first with Hydromel or Whey or the Decoction of Barley with Honey of Roses to clense then with Astringers and Binders made of Iron Water in which Comphry Roots Myrrh Allum and Sarcocol with Tragacanth have been boyled But especially with the Troches of Gordonius dissolved in Milk Fabricius Hildanus cured a great Ulcer in the Bladder with this following Injection and some few other Medicines Obs 69. Cent. 3. Take of the Roots of Comphry one ounce Agrimony Pauls Bettony Water Germander Ladies Mantle Sanicle of each half a handsul boyl them to a pint In the straining dissoâ—ve two dramâ— of Honey of Roses mix them for an Injection And you must observe that these Injections are not only to be made with a Syringe because they wil not enter into the Cavity of the Cavity of the Bladder the Sphincter Muscle being shut but you must conveigh it in with a Catheter And because in these Ulcers the pains are usually great you must through the whol Cure abate them with Anodines inwardly and outwardly Inwardly with Syrup of Poppies Laudanum and the Troches of Alkekengi made for this purpose as also with Emulsions made of the cold
half an ounce beat them in a stone Morter powring on by degrees the Decoction of Barley Liquoris Purslain and Mallow tops one pint and an half make an Emulsion for three Doses adding to each Dose one ounce of the Syrup of Violets and one dram of Lapis prunellae and if the pain be great add a little Syrup of Poppies and one dram of Gum Arabick in pouder or the Syrup of Marsh-mallows according to Fernelius or of Mucilages You may make Broths thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots half an ounce Mallows one handful Liquoris half an ounce Quince seeds one dram boyl them with Chicken Broth make it often The Whey of Goats Milk is very good given in great draughts as we said in the hot distemper of the Liver And if there be no Feaver you may with more profit give Milk by it self because it doth not only clense but allay pain and temper the sharpness of the Humors In an old Disease it is good to give Mineral Waters that cool especially Allum Iron and Vitriol Waters for by Experience we find that they have cured this Disease when it hath been inveterate Instead of the aforesaid Juleps the simple Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets may be used by which Forestus saith Obs 4. Lib. 25. he cured a grievous Dysury many times and that there is nothing like it Forestus also Obs 3. of the same Book that an Apothecary cured himself and others with the white of an Egg beaten with Rose Water He also reports that a woman cured an old man of Delf with Chamomel flowers boyled in Milk Amatus Lusitanus 58. Curat Cent. 6. saith that a Woman was cured when all means failed with Conserve of Mallow flowers she took one ounce morning and evening and drunk after it three ounces of Mallows Water And Curat 59. he saith that one who had a Dysury after he had voided a stone was cured by the same in three daies The Conserve of Marsh-mallow slowers is of the same or greater Vertue Some commend the Troches of Winter Cherries given with convenient Liquor the quantity of a dram because they are Diuretick abate sharpness and pain When the pain is very great it is good to put the Yard when you piss into warm Milk or a Decoction of Mallows and white Poppy seeds or warm Water only A smal Decoction of Mallows with Syrup of Violets and Conserve of Roses is good for ordinary Drink You may also make Injections into the passage of the Bladder of Milk or of an Emulsion of cold Seeds Plantane Water or Whey with the Water of a white of an Egg beaten or one scruple of the Troches of Winter Cherries External Medicines are also good as Baths half Baths Fomentations to the Privities made of cool Herbs Liniments of Oyl of Roses Water Lillies Unguent of Roses Galens cooling Oyntment Populeon with Camphire and the Mucilage of Fleabane made with Plantane Water Also you must apply Epithems that cool to the Reins and Liver and the aforesaid Liniments and the things mentioned formerly for the same When sharp and chollerick Humors flow from the Liver you may derive by an Issue in the right Leg or by opening the Hemorrhoids which is very good in al diseases of the Reins and Bladder according to that of Hippocrates Aph. 11. Sect. 6. because from the Spleen Vein called Ramus Splenicus there are branches go to the Reins Bladder and Hemorrhoids The End of the Fourteenth Book THE FIFTEENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of WOMENS Diseases The PREFACE THose are called Womens Diseases which are proper to them only and come from the defect of that part which is distinct in them from men viz. the Womb of which Democritus in his Letter to Hippocrates said that it was the cause of six hundred miseries and innumerable Calamities But we to lay down those Diseases of the Womb which are most usual will divide them thus Some come from the Vessels and some from the Body of the Womb or Cavity others are in respect of its chief and noblest act of Generation From the distemper of the Vessels of the Womb and the preternatural causes come Chlorosis or green Sickness stoppage of the Terms immoderate Flux the Whites Rage of the Womb and the Mother In the Cavity of the Womb are Inflamations Vlcers Scirrhus Cancer Gangrene Dropsie coming forth and shutting up thereof these may hinder Generation but by accident The Diseases which are in respect of Conception Breeding and Bringing forth are Barrenness acute and Chronical Diseases of Women with Child Abortion difficult bringing forth dead Child Secundine retained immoderate flux or suppression of blood and the acute Diseases of women in Child-bed All which Diseases we will speak of in as few words as the dignity of the Matter will permit Chap. 1. Of the Green-sickness called Chlorosis THis Disease by Hippocrates is called Chlorosis by the Modern Physitians the white Feaver the Virgins Disease the Pale color of Virgins the white Jaundice but vulgarly the Green-sickness It may be defined thus An evil habit of Body from the Obstruction of the Veins of the Liver Spleen and Mesentery and especially of those which are about the Womb which is accompanied with a heaviness or unwildiness of the whol Body beating of the heart difficulty of breathing a desire of evil Food and the like This Disease depends immediately upon the Obstruction of the parts in the lower Belly especially of those Veins which are about the Womb whereby the free passage of Blood to the Womb is hindered which abounding in Virgins when they begin to have their Terms and being hindered of its Natural course by those Obstructions runs to the upper parts and oppresseth the Heart Liver Spleen Diaphragma or Midriff and other parts destroyes their Natural heat stops the Vessels hence is there an evil Concoction in the Bowels and from thence their Body is ful of Crudities which being carried forth make an evil Habit. In other parts they produce divers Symptomes in the Hypochondria a swelling of the Bowels by which the Midriff is oppressed which causeth shortness of breath And because gross blood and wind are carried by the Branches of the hollow Vein and great Artery into the Heart which contend against them for fear of Suffocation by often moving of its Arteries there is a palpitation of the Heart and often a beating in the Temples Besides they have in this Disease a loathing of meat because the Stomach is filled with crude Excrements by reason of its evil Concoction and distribution which excrements having gotten an evil quality by a peculiar kind of corruption cause a desire of evil meats and things not ordained for nourishment as Salt Spices Chalk Coals Ashes and the like which Disease is called Pica Malacia or strange Longing which we have at large spoken of in its proper place among the Diseases of the Stomach The Causes of the Obstructions in the Veins of the Womb and the Hypochondria are
the Patients belly above the Navel be strongly girt with a swath-band that the womb may be thereby reduced and the vapors hindred from ascending Concerning letting blood it is a great question Whether it be convenient in the sit or no For seeing there is at that time a great weakness in the Patient and somtimes despair of life and the body is cooled all over by malignant vapors which infest the Brain and Heart which can no waies be expelled by blood-letting no question the use thereof is very dangerous during the fits And of this Opinion are Varandaeus and Sennertus But Mercatus and Rodericus a Castro do determine contrarily That a Vein ought to be opened in the Patients Ankle or Instep when the Disease springs from an abundance of Menstrual blood retained and that the Patients strength oppressed with the burden the passages obstructed with too much blood and the danger of suffocation hence arising can be remedied by no other means but bleeding seeing in this case neither stinking smels nor sweet smels nor Cupping-Glasses can bring the Patient out of her fit Philippus Hoechstetterus in the second part of his Observations makes it appear by certain Histories that bleeding in the Foot hath done much good Insomuch as a certain Nun which had been speechless and in Convulsion fits for two daies together two hours after she had bled began to speak and to eat and drink Iam of Opinion a Vein may be opened if the Pulse be strong and there be evident tokens that blood doth super-abound But if the Pulse be weak we must forbear and stay till the fit is over for a more convenient season in which blood may be safely taken away Plaisters are profitably applied under the Navel of the Mass of Emplastrum Ceroneum which mollifies and discusseth and so is better than the vulgar Womb-Plaister which doth somwhat bind and therefore may retain the vapors and malignant humors Plaisters are likewise made of Galbanum and Assafoetida or of Caranna and Tacamahaca either alone or with some Spices mingled with them As for Example Take Gum Caranna half an ounce Pouder of Nutmegs and Cloves of each half a dram Oyl of Amber four drops Turpentine two drams Make all into a Plaister Such Plaisters are to be in fashion of a Shield or Scutcheon and in the pointed part of the Plaister which must be laid towards the Water-gate some of Musk or Civet are to be put that they may send forth a sweet smell and thereby allure the Womb back again Three grains of Musk may be put in a little Cotton moistened with Oyl and thrust into the hole of the Navel then lay on a sinal Plaister of dissolved Galbanum This some Women for a Secret Or four grains of Camphire may be dissolved in Oyl of sweet Almonds and put into the Navel and a Diapalma Plaister laid over it If the Disease seem to be fostered by plenty of wind and vapors Fomentations and Baths will be good of the Decoction of Rue Mugwort Time and Calaminth Fennel seed Annis seed Cummin seed Bay-berries Chamomel Flowers Dill flowers c. Also little bags may be prepared with Cummin seed Annis seed Carrot seed Salt Rue Bran in them and applied very hot and often renewed Or Take Oyl of Rue four ounces Spirit of Turpentine half an ounce Mingle them and dip therein a piece of Bread hot out of the Oven and lay it upon the Navel Also it will be good to anoint the lower part of the belly the Region of the womb Share and Loyns because such anointings do dilate the Passages attenuate the Vapors and discuss them They may be made of Nard Oyl Spike Oyl Oyl of Dill Sesamine Saffron Lillies and Sweet Almonds Authors do very much commend a fume of the warts which grow upon Horses Legs which being dried in an Oven and beaten to Pouder they are burnt under the Noses of women in these fits as a present Remedy whereby women are wont to be in an instant delivered of their fits to the admiration of the by-standers If the Disease spring from Retention of Seed nothing is better than carnal Conjunction as soon as the Patient is out of her fit if she be married Instead of carnal Conjunction where that cannot he had many advise that the Patient be rubbed and tickled by a Midwife in the Neck of her womb into which the Midwife must put her fingers anointed with Oyls of Spices that so the offensive Sperm may be voided But seeing that cannot be done without wickedness understand by a silly superstitious Papist that counts it a meritorious good work to burn Mother and Child in her womb alive as at Jersey and a wickedness to free a sick body of a little offensive humor a Christian Physitian must never prescribe the same To Discuss those malignant Vapors which cause the womb-fit many Medicines are wont to be given down the Throat among which is a dram of old Venice Treacle with water of Mugwort Penyroyal and Balme Troches of myrrh to the quantity of two scruples or Oyl of Amber to five or six drops with the said Liquors Pills are frequently used the best are made after this manner Take Castorium Myrrh Assa-foetida of each one scruple faecula Brioniae half a scruple seeds of Rue and Saffron of each seven grains with Syrup of Mugwoâ—t make twelve pills Let her take three or four if she cannot swallow them let them be dissolved in Water of Mugwort These following Pills are good in a violent fit which they are wont to remedy without fail Take Assafaetida one scruple Castoreum six grains Laudanum three grains make all into three or four Pills Let her take them presently Pilulae Faetidae majores although they be purging yet are they given to good purpose in the Fit to half a dram For they gently evacuate and are not wont to work till the fit be over so that there is no danger in their working Also many waters are wont to be given in the fit viz. Aqua vitae Cinnamon water or Treacle water Or a specifical water may be made after this manner Take Zedoary roots Carrot seeds Lovage roots of each two ounces red Myrrh Castoreum of each half an ounce Piony roots four ounces Misleto of the Oak gathered at the wain of the Moon three ounces powr upon all these being prepared four pints and an half of Feaver-fewwater Spirit of Wine half a pint let them digest three daies and afterward still them The dose is a spoonful by it self or with some other convenient liquor A more easie water to make more pleasant to taste and no less effectual is this following Take of the juyces of Bawm and Borrage clarified of each two pints the best Saffron one dram Let them be infused and distilled in Balneo The Dose is a spoonful with Broth. This following potion is vulgarly used Take of Cinnamon Water half an ounce Turnep Water four ounces Castoreum four grains Make all into
a potion or draught Oyl of Amber given to three or four drops in Orenge-flower-water or some other specifical doth quickly rid away the womb-fit The following potion is wont to do very much good as it is to be seen in our observations Take Water of Mugwort Roses and Orenge-flowers of each one ounce â—â—nnamon Water three drams Conjection of Hyacinth stone one dram Diamargaritum frigidum that is the cooler perled pouder half a scruple Saffron four grains Make them all into a potion Orange flower water doth good alone given three or four ounces but mingled with Musk and Dragons blood it doth wonders witness Solenander in these words A certain Woman was vexed with â—nost cruel Symptoms Head-ach Belchings contraction of the Body pain â—â—her Groin grinding of her Teeth somtimes falling to the ground speechless with her mouth shut so as she could not open it and all this through disorder of her Womb. Many remedies being used in vain a certain old Woman comes and gives her thirteen grains of Musk and as many of common Dragons blood in four ounces of Orenge-flower Water she was cured and never felt the like griefs any more I have in the like case given the same Medicine divers times and alwaies with good effect An Elks Claw is also very good in these fits according to the experiment of Appollonius Menabeus in his Treatise of the Elk Chap. 10 in these words I confess I have both heard from others and found by my own Experience that an Elks Claw is a present remedy for the Suffocation of the Mother For being called to help a Woman in those Fits I gave her the raspings of the Elks Claw with Zedoary with which and with other remedies administred according to the rule of Art I did the Cure with Honor. And when I understood that she was wont to be troubled with those Fits oftentimes I injoyned her to wear a piece of Elks Claw continually about her Neck Which when she diligently observed for the space of three months that I was in the place she was ever free from those Fits and gave me often times thanks for my advice Camphire fired and cast into the water and there abiding till it be quenched is an excellent Remedy given to the quantity of a dram The Cats-tails of the walnut in the Epistles collected by Laurence Scholtzius in the Letter written from Thomas Mouset to Peter Monavius are extolled with this Commedation In Srangulation of the Womb the Cats-tails of the Walnut tree are a singular Medicine being dryed and poudered You may give two scruples with two drops of Oyl of Amber I never knew any thing more excellent in that Disease Two most excellent Remedies may be made in the form of Pouders which I have oftentimes tried The one is of the After-birth of a woman that lies in of her first Child dried in the Chimney and beaten to pouder The Dose is a dram in some convenient liquor It presently takes away the fit The other is made of two parts of Brimstone and one of Nutmeg Pouder them and give a dram Pouder of Jeat given to half a dram or one dram will do much The Pouder of Elder-berries of Quercetanus taken a dram in Wine cures the Eplilepsie or Falling-sickness by consent of the Womb and being taken the second time makes that the fits return not Where that Pouder cannot be had the same quantity of Soot from the Chimney may be given in an Egg soft boiled And because the Womb is oftentimes filled with evil and Excrementious Humors from whence ugly Vapors are raised up we must be careful to purge the same which may be most conveniently done by this following Pessarie Take Diaphoenicon one dram pouder of Hiera picra half a dram Turpentine three drams mix all and with Tow make a Pessary For her ordinary drink let the Patient drink a thin weak Decoction of Cinnamon Caraway or Annis seeds Touching Wine It is a question whether it may be given a Woman in these fits Hippocrates in his first Book of the Nature of Women seems to commend the same and there is much reason to back his opinion For an extream refrigeration of the Body and Languishment of natural strength cannot be better holpen than by giving the Patient a Cup of rich Canary But Avicenna wholly forbids it And indeed Because this Disease depends for the most part upon Seed retained or of Blood and foul Vapors carried up from the Womb Wine by it's thinness and exceeding piercing faculty doth more exagitate and vex the morbifical matter Whence we see by common Experience that Women troubled with this Disease are worse if Wine be given in their fits To Compose this Contention we say that Wine ordinarily is not to be given during the fit but upon extraordinary occasion Namely when the Patients strength is extreamly decai'd she hath Swooning fits joyned with the Mother fits or seems to be at the last gasp all other Remedies tried in vain we make use of Wine as our last Refuge and present help In this Cure we must be very careful if the Patient be with Child and prudent in our administration of Medicaments neither must we use those more vehement and stinking ones least we cause miscarriage and we must perform the Cure rather by outward than inward Medicaments In the Course of the Cure care must be taken of the Heart and Brain and if they seem much oppressed they must be releived by such Medicines as are proper unto them To the Heart Wine and Orange-flower-water or Imperial water or Treacle of Andromachus dissolved in Wine must be applied by wetting things therein and laying them upon the Region thereof or hot living Creatures are to be applied thereunto For to strengthen the Head those Remedies must be used which are set down in our Chapter of sleepy Diseases When the fit is over Care must be taken to prevent the return thereof either wholly or at least for a long time which is done by a removal of the Causes and by strengthening the Womb. In the first place therefore at a convenient season but especially in the Spring and Fall the Patient must be yeerly evacuated beginning with a purging Potion or some other Medicament suitable to the nature of the Patient alwaies adding Hysterical things And then If Blood seem superfluous it must be drawn first out of the Arm and then out of the Foot choosing as neer as possibly the middle space between the Patients monthly purgations Afterwards That the redundancy of evil Humors may be sufficiently prepared and purged out an Apozeme must be compounded altering opening and purging to be given at four or five times If Nature seem to incline to the opening of the Hemorrhoids they must be opened by application of Leeches And Mercatus doth witness in his 13. and 14. Counsel that they have much profited in these fits After general purgation to discuss the remainders of the morbifical matter a sweating Decoction will
whom he gave every fourth day five ounces of the Decoction of Senna Epithimum red Roses and Indian Myrobalans sweetened with Sugar using to cast clensing Decoctions as Injections into her womb For to be ever in a readiness This following Magisterial Syrup may be compounded Take of the greater Comfry Roots and new Polypody of the Oak of each one ounce Citron peels dried six drams Leaves of Plantane Vinca pervinca Ladies mantle Sorrel Maiden-hair of each a handful Liquoris scraped and split and Raisons stoned of each one ounce Senna clensed six ounces Carthamus seeds bruised two ounces Agarick newly made into Cakes and bound in a Cloth ten drams Musk-melone seeds and Annis seeds of each three drams the Cordial Flowers Rosemary Flowers and Epithimum of each one pugil Make of all a Decoction in Barley Water in part whereof infuse of choyce Rhubarb half an ounce Cinnamon one dram In a pint and half of the strained Liquor dissolve three ounces of the Syrup of Damask Roses and as much Sugar as shall be requisite to make it into a Syrup perfectly boyled Of this let her take two or three ounces twice or thrice in a month with some Decoction of Agrimony and Plantane or the Infusion of Rhubarb in Endive Water If the Patient be easie to vomit a purge upwards by Vomit is to be preferred before the other because it draws back the Humors from the womb In the spaces between purging a Vulnerary Decoction is long to be used which may be made after this manner Take Leaves of Agrimony Burnet Knotgrass Plantane of each half a handful China Roots three drams Coriander seeds one dram Currence half a dram red Sanders one scruple Boyl all in the Broth of a Chicken Let the Patient take of the strained Liquor morning and evening Or Take Leaves of Mugwort Plantane Yarrow of each one handful Rhaponticum half an ounce Agnus Castus seed one dram Boyl all in a sufficient quantity of white Wine Sweeten the strained Liquor with Sugar and give her two or three ounces in a morning If a Feaver urge and great quantity of bloodyish Quittor be voided Whey and Milk will be very good let her take eight ounces or more in a morning adding a little Honey of Roses or Sugar If her flesh begin to fall a way with tokens of an Hectick Feaver Milk especially Asses Milk must be given with Sugar of Roses for a whol month Sweat-provoking Medicines may likewise do good where there is no Inflamation nor hot distemper to dry the Ulcer and to revel the serous humors towards the habit of the Body Turpentine washed in some convenient water for the womb as of Mugwort or Feaverfew or in some water respecting the Ulcer as of Plantane and red Roses taken now and then with Sugar of Roses doth clense and consolidate or fil up the Ulcer Pils of Bdellium given to a dram at a time or every day or once in two daies one scruple do very much good and stop the blood in case it flow Or new Pills may be made on purpose to be used after the same manner thus Take Bdellium three drams Mirrh Frankinsence of each one dram Sarcocella Storax Amber Cheb-Myrobalans of each half a dram red Coral two scruples With Syrup of Poppies make a Mass fit for Pills whereunto in case of extream pain a little Opium may be added Trochisci Alkekengi Cakes compounded with Winter-Cherries of which consult my London Dispensatory with Opium are likewise being poudered given to drink down where the Patient is troubled with great pain Also to mitigate pain the same Remedies may be used which we prescribed for that intent in our discourse of the Inflamation of the womb This following Pouder is very effectual to dry up the Ulcer Take Acacia Juyce of Hypocistis of each one dram Dragons blood fine Starch Plantane Roots Birthwort or round Aristolochia Roots of each half a dram Bole Armoniack one dram Mastich Sarcocolla of each half a dram Make all into a most sine Pouder whose Dose let be one dram with Plantane water red Rose water or water wherein Steel hath been often quenched Zacutus Lusitanus in the 87. Observation and the 88. of his second Book propounds an Electuary and a Water wherewith he witnesseth that he had cured Ulcers of the womb judged incurable Any one may find the Description of them in the places above cited To clense dry and fill up the Ulcer divers sorts of Injections are usually made which are nevertheless not to be used until the Inflamation be first taken away which is oftentimes attendant upon these kind of Ulcers and until the pain be asswaged which is not only very troublesom but also by vexing the part it is wont to encrease the flux of Humors In regard therefore of that same Inflamation and sharpness of Humors let Emulsions of the cooling Seeds VVhey of Goats Milk or Milk it self either alone or mingled with the Juyce of Plantane and Shepheards-purse or if need be a Decoction of Poppy heads and the tops of Mallows be first of al injected Some Practitioners are of Opinion that luke-warm water alone doth very much good in these cases if it be often injected And there is reason for it seeing by that means the heat and Inflamation of the womb is tempered the pain is asswaged and the filth adhering to the Ulcer is washed off Valescus de Taranta doth approve of cold water likewise in these words I have known saies he some women who perceiving they had Vlcers in their wombs did wash them with cold Water and then wipe them clean and dry them with linnen cloaths which they did often prâ—â— in at the Watergate And by these means often renewed they came many times to be perfectly cured The hot distemper taken away and the pain asswaged or for the most part diminished we must proceed to Clensers first using the more light and easie Clensers and after the more strong The gentle Clensers are VVhey taken with Sugar Barley water sweetened with Sugar or Honey of Roses to make it more clensing or Hydromel simple see my Dispensatory a mixture of water and honey boyled a while together For a more strong Clenser use the Decoction of Barley Lintels shaled Beans and the Leaves of Smallage Pellitory of the wal Plantane boyled together a little Honey of Roses being added to the straining VVhen the Ulcer is very foul the wound-decoction commonly called Aqua Catapultarum is the best thing that can be used whose Composition is thus Take the Roots of Gentian Rhapontick Zedoary and round Aristolochia or Birthwort of each one ounce white Wine six pints boyl all till a third part of the Liquor be consumed In the straining dissolve half a pound of white Sugar Let it be kept for use as occasion requires Or the following Decoction may be provided Take of whol Barley course Bran and red Roses of each one pugil Leaves of Agrimony Wormwood Woodbind and Smallage of each one handful
heat of the Patient should be wholly extinguished And therefore it is only good when an Hectick is feared or in the beginning thereof and to such as are accustomed thereunto and while the Body is yet sufficiently ful of blood Motion of the Body is not good but the Patient must be enjoyned to rest howbeit before Meat if strength wil bear it some light exercise wil be good or instead thereof a few light frictions or rubbings may serve turn especially presently after sleep beginning at the inferior parts of the Body for they provoke the Humors outward And the Patient must be rubbed no longer than til a light redness begin to appear upon the Skin for to rub longer would dry the Body Carnal Embracements must be above al things avoided which do very much consume the substance of the Body Let the Patient sleep neither very long nor very little For long sleep encreaseth the heat of the Bowels by the retiring of the Natural warmth inwards too short sleep dries the body more But there is less inconvenience from sleeping a little over largely than too scantily because sleep doth exceedingly moisten which in this Feaver is very much to be desired Let the Patient sleep in a soft bed and that a Flock-bed not a Feather-bed and large enough Let the Patients Linnen be often changed which must be sprinkled with Rose-Water before they be put on If there be Costiveness the Belly must be provoked with a Suppository or a Clyster of Chicken Broth with Barley Mallows and Violet Leaves boyled in it adding Cassia Honey of Roses Butter and the Yolks of Eggs. Finally The Mind must be preserved in peace and cheerfulness avoiding vehement Perturbations as Anger Sadness Fear As for point of Medicaments fit for Hectick Persons they are Internal or External Among Internal in the first place Purgers must be considered and because addition is more necessary than detraction in this Disease Purgers can hardly be convenient unless a putrid Feaver be joyned with the Hectick Yet if the first Region of the Body seem filled with Excrements because of Crudities arising from a weak Stomach Purgation may safely be used with Cassia Manna or Syrup of Roses Nay verily if strength be not deficient the Infusion of Rhubarb may be given with a Decoction of Prunes Tamarinds Myrobalans Bugloss and Violets But Altering Medicines may be reduced into the form of Juleps Broths and Emulsions after this manner Take Waters of Endive Lettice Sorrel of each four ounces Syrup of Violets Water Lillies Apples of each one ounce Mix all into a Julep for three Doses to be taken at several times in one day and to be continued for divers daies together Or Take Whol Barley one pugil Leaves of Endive Cichory Lettice Pimpernel of each one handful Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Violets and Water-lillies of each one Pugil Damask Prunes three pair Boyl all to a pint and an half In the strained Liquor dissolve simple Syrup of Cichory and of Water-lillies of each two ounces Make of all a Julep for four Doses Of the same Simples with a Chicken or a Pullet may be made a Broth for the same use Or Take Roots of China one dram and an half Entire Barley two pugils the four greater cool Seeds half an ounce Beat all together and therewith fill the Belly of a Capon or yong Pullet and make Broth to which add Sugar of Roses half an ounce Let the Patient take of this broth a long time together It restores flesh and fatness Take sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold Water one ounce the four greater cool Seeds and of white Poppy seeds of each one dram Beat all together in a marble mortar powring on by little and little a pint of barley Water In the strained Liquor dissolve Sugar Cakes made 〈◊〉 Pearl four ounces Make hereof an Almond Milk for three Doses If we be minded more powerfully to cool we must add to every Dose of the Julep or Emulâ—â—â—â— two scruples or one dram of Sal prunella In the use of Refrigerating things this is to be observed That we use not the more 〈…〉 of a sudden or frequently for they might extinguish a weak heat But it is better to 〈…〉 and little than suddenly And Moisteners are alwaies safer than Coolers because they exercâ—â—◠〈◊〉 Operations slowly While the foresaid Remedies are using we must be careful to strengthen the Bowels by a câ—â—â—â—nient Opiate which may be made after this manner Take Conserve of the flowers of Borrage Bugloss and Violets of each one ounce Conserve of the flowers of Water-lilly half an ounce Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum four scruples Shavings of Ivory Bones found in hearts of Stags of each half a dram Pearls prepared and Coral prepared of each one scruple three Leaves of Beaten Gold With Syrup of Apples make of all an Electuary In extream consumption of the Flesh nourishing Clysters are frequently to be injected of the Broth of a Chicken or Weathers Head with Sugar and the Yolks of Eggs. But their Quantity must be smal or else compressing the Guts they wil provoke the Expulsive Faculty to drive them out But among other Medicines most convenient for Hectical Persons Milk is a principal one it being endued with all the qualities which can desired in this Disease namely of cooling and mostening it nourisheth much and is easily distributed into all parts of the Body In the use whereof the same Cautions must be observed which were set down in the Cure of a Consumption Among External Remedies a Bath of fresh Water is principal for it powerfully cools and moistens and relaxeth the external Parts that they may more readily receive Nourishment Among the Ancients the use of Baths was most frequent and there were four parts of the bathing place In the first somwhat warm they put off their Cloaths In the second there was a bathing Vessel of hot Water In the third a bathing Vessel of cold Water In the fourth the Sweatiness and Moisture was dried off Galen in 10. Meth. Chap. 19. doth thus moderate the use of these parts of the Bath That the Patients should be brought into the first part of the Bath which was heated with the vapor of the bath that the pores of their bodies might be opened then being anointed with fresh sweet Oyl they were to be plunged in the hot Water to moisten their bodies and then they were of a sudden to be thrown into the cold Water quickly to be taken out again and to be dried and anointed with Oyl that the pores being closed the moisture may be received from the hot bath might be retained But inasmuch as the Industrious Diligence of the Ancients in the use of bathing is long since out of use and our Practitioners have likewise left this Method of bathing Hectical persons which they judg unsafe seeing it is to be feared lest by the sudden receiving of the cold Water the Patients Body should be hurt and
the Patient not be able to endure the sudden sence of contrary qualities So that our Practitioners do more advisedly and more compendiously whiles they conveigh the Patients into a bath of Water moderately hot in the morning after a stool procured by Nature or by Art and two or three hours after they have eaten some broth or milk or the Yolks of Eggs wherein they abide solong till it grow luke-warm of it self and at last cold For seeing Galen conceives the use of a cold hath after an hot to be so necessary that without it the hot bath doth no good the use of a cold bath is supplied if the Patients stay so long in the bath til of it self it grow luke-warm and cold But this Caution is to be observed That whereas a three-sold quality may be had in the same bath the Patient must abide in the hot a little while in the luke-warm longer in the cold least of al. And although the Ancients were wont to make their baths of simple Water yet is it good to make them more moistening by boyling therein Emollient and moistening Herbs as Mallows Marth-mal-lows Violet Leaves c. or with barley and beaten Almonds especially in the Summer because a bath of Decoction of Herbs is sooner corrupted After bathing the sick is softly to be wiped with hot Cloaths then to be anointed with Oyl of Violets sweet Almonds with fresh Butter and after some time of rest let the Patient eat some broth or other food A bath of Water and Oyl is exceedingly cried up by Zacutus Lusitanus in the 35. Observation of his third Book of wonderful Cures where with he saies a yong woman was cured when a bath of simple Water and Goats Milk could not help The reason of which great good he renders to be this Because bath made of fresh Water with store of Oyl in it doth soften the distended stiff parts doth moisten the dry and withered and by opening the pores obstructed and through dryness contracted it draws the Nourishment to the outmost and most distant parts of the body When the Patient cannot use baths apply an Epithem to the Heart and Liver in this manner compounded Take Waters of Roses Water-lillies and Purslain of each three ounces Juyce of Pome-Granates an ounce Pouder of Diamargaritum frigidum two drams Bones out of the Stags Heart one scruple Camphire four grains Make an Epithem for the Heart Take Waters of Endive Lettice Cichory of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce the three Sanders of each two scruples Burnt Ivory one scruple Make an Epithem to be applied to the Liver Also the Region of the Liver may be anointed with Oyntment of Roses or Ceratum Santalinum But Oyls and Unguents must be sparingly used because they may somtimes encrease the Feaver Among the Symptomes which are wont to come upon this Disease the chief is a Loosness which is wont to bring the Patients to their death This is to be bridled with a Decoction of French-barley toasted for their ordinary drink Syrup of Quinces dried Roses Chalybeate Milk Rice boyled in Milk and such like SECT II. Of Putrid Feavers The PREFACE PVtrid Feavers are divided into Continual or intermitting The continual Putrid Feavers are generated when a putrid Vapor or a preternatural Heat which ariseth from putrefied Humors doth perpetually afflict the Heart and stirs up therein a continual Heat from whence likewise is perpetually diffused a Feaverish Heat into the whol body But the intermitting Feavers are caused when the said Vapors are carried unto the Heart only at certain distances of time Continual Feavers are again divided into Essential and Primary or Symptomatical Those are called Essential and Primary which spring from a putrefaction inflamed in the common Veins and not in any particular part of the Body Those are Symptomatical that arise from the putrefaction or suppuration of som particular part inflamed out of which part by communion of the Vessels a putrid vapor may continually be carried unto the Heart Such feavers are seen in the Pleurisie Inflamation of the Lungs Inflamation of the Liver and in the Inflamation of other Internal Parts Again the Primary continual Feavers are two-fold for some are without any Exacerbation or Fits and remission but continue alike from the beginning to the end and are called Sunochi or Continentes But others have manifest Exacerbations or fits and remissions and are called Sunecheis or Continuae by the name of the kind And these again from the difference of their Exacerbations or fits and remissions are divided into three sorts For some are called continual Tertians which have their Exacerbations or fits every third day others continual Quotidians that are exasperated every day others continual Quartans that are exasperated every fourth day The intermitting Feavers or Agues are likewise divided into Tertians Quotidians and Quartans according as their Fits are wont to return every third every fourth or every day There are other Differences of Feavers likewise which are either Accidental or arise from the Composition of those aforesaid all which we shall Particularly and briefly Explain Chap. 1. Of Continual Putrid Feavers ALthough there are divers sorts of a continual putrid Feaver yet have I determined to describe the Cure of them all together because in a manner the same Remedies are suitable to all of which some differ only in more or less and are accordingly to be varied which depends more upon the Judgment of a Physitian and his Dexterity attained by Practice than upon particular Precepts Yet shall I as neer as I can observe what is peculiar to every sort of Feaver in its peculiar place Feavers Putrid Continual and Primary or Essential are wont to be bred of the putrefaction of Humors which are contained in the Veins and greater Arteries And according to the various Nature of putrefying Humors several Species do arise Synochus Putrida is distinguished with no fits or exacerbations but its whol time is taken up as it were with one fit which reaches from the beginning to the end of the Disease and of this as of a simple Feaver there are made three differences The first whereof is that which continues all alike during from the beginning to the end The second is that which encreases by degrees The third is that which decreases by little and liâ—tle The first is named Acmastica or Homotonos and it happens when the whol course of the Disease the manner of putrefaction is one and the same The second is called Epacmastica when more putrefies than is dissipated The third is called Paracmastica when less putrefies than is dissipated Yet allthough these kind of Feavers do perpetually increase or decrease or keep the same Tenor yet doth not this hinder but that they have four times if they terminate in health but some have them longer others shorter if they be considered according to the vehemency of the Symptomes So that which is called Homotonos hath a very breif beginning and
yet so that such as respect the most predominant Humor be put in the greatest Quantity For the more nice and dainty soft of Patients Medicinal broaths are prescribed instead of Juleps and also that the sick may not grow weary of the same kind of Medicine too long used and these broths are made of such of the Roots and Herbs aforesaid as are most pleasant to the tast with a chick or part of an Hen of Capon unto which somtimes may be added one dram of Sal Prunella or some drops of spirit of Vitriol when we would have it more cooling than ordinary Howbeit in slow and long lasting Feavers caused by rebellious obstructions hard to be cleared Germander though bitter and Cichory Endive and Dandelyon though bitter may be boyled in Broaths and Montanus in his Counsels doth cry up Cichory and Germander boyled in Broaths as an admirable Remedy for such as have a long Feaver with obstructions In Feavers from flegm a Decoction of Chamomel is excellent Zacutus Lusitanus Observat 26. in the third Book of his Praxis admiranda Also emulsions or Almond-Milks are very good in putrid Feavers and are commonly more pleasing than Juleps They are most in use when the Feaver is Joyned with a dry distemper of the Bowels or a thin Catarrh or an Inflamation of the Lungs and Parts serving to breath withal or for variety least the Patient should be over tired with continual use of Juleps Now the Composition of these emulsions hath been described in the foregoing cures Cold Water given in great Quantity in continual putrid Feavers was wont to be in use among the antients and is commended by very many latter Physitians But as we said the use here of was dangerous in the simple Synochus so in this Case we think the discreet Physitian shal do best to for bear the same for the reasons we delivered in our Chapter of the simple Synochus Yet will it be somtimes good in extream heat of a Feaver to give a good draught of cold Water to ten or twelve ounces with a few drops of Spirit of Vitriol For hereby somtimes the same effects are wrought which Galen attributes to cold Water being drunk the quantity of three or four pints at a time When as notwithstanding there are none of those dangers to be feared which Galen himself confesseth did somtimes happen upon the preposterous drinking down of so great a quantity of cold Water as he adviseth For the Spirit of Vitriol causeth that the Water breeds no Obstructions but rather opens the same quickly piercing and passing through the Bowels not biding in the Hypochondria's as plain and single cold Water is wont to do but is very like the acid Mineral Fountains and Wells which though they are drunk in great quantity do not lie heavy in the parts about the short Ribs but are quickly pissed forth and very good against Obstructions To strengthen Nature which in every violent Feaver is much dejected Electuaries are good and strengthening Conserves and Preserves compounded of Conserve of Roots of Bugloss Leaves of Sorrel Wood-sorrel Stalks of Lettice Flowers of Bugloss Borrage Violet Cichory and Roses Pulp of Citrons Whereunto are added the Pouders of Coral Pearls Ivory Harts-horn Diamargaritum frigidum Diatriasantalon Diarrhodon Abbatis Confectio Alkermes de Hyacintho which are commonly after this manner compounded Take Conserve of Flowers of Borrage Bugloss Roses of each an ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram and an half Pouder of Diamargaritum frigidum Ivory Coral prepared and Pearls prepared of each ten grains Sugar of Roses the weight of all the rest three Leaves of beaten Gold Make of all an Electuary covered over with Gold of which let the Patients take often by it self out of a spoon drinking a little of their ordinary Drink after it or mingle sâ—me of it with their ordinary Drink and with their Broths Take Conserve of Cichory Sorrel Lettice and of the sharp Pulp of a Citron of each half an ounce Pouder of yellow Sanders and of Pearls prepared of each one scruple Spirit of Vitriol half a scruple With Syrup of Violets make all into an Electuary Take Conserve of the Flowers of Bugloss Roses and Violets of each one ounce Waters of Endive Sorrel and Borrage of each three ounces Mix them together let them stand over the warm Embers and heat then strain the Liquor through a searse then add Confectio Alkermes two drams Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum half a dram Coral prepared Pearls prepared and Shavings of Ivory of each one scruple Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegranates of each three ounces Mix all give one spoonful at a time For the more dainty and nice sort of People in great debility of Natural strength this following Julep very pleasant to the tast may be compounded Take Waters of Sorrel Orange flower and Roses of each one ounce and an half Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegranates of each one ounce Confectio Alkermes one dram mix them Let the Patient take hereof frequently in a spoon Altering Medicines having been used for some daies together and such as prepare bad Humors when the Feaver begins to decline we must set our selves to purge out the said Humors when the signs of Concoction do appear avoiding the Critical daies And this must be done with Medicines a little stronger than those which were given at the beginning of which sort are Senna Rhubarb Agarick Catholicum duplex and such like whose Matter and Dose must by the skilful Physitian be accommodated to the Humors offending and the Nature of the Patient And some Physitians are so bold as to proceed to Scammoniate Medicaments as Diaprunum solutivum Diaphoenicon Electuarium de succo Rosarum Diacarthamum Which notwithstanding are very seldom to be used in continual Feavers because Scammony is wont very much to inflame the Humors and to cause vehement thirst and that especially in burning Feavers in which Scammoniate Medicaments are very hurtful Yea verily and Rhubarb it self although a gentle and most excellent Medicament is by some suspected as not safe in very Chollerick Feavers because of its notable heating and drying faculty Howbeit the hurtful faculty thereof may in great part be corrected by infusing the same in Cooling Waters and by mingling therewith a Decoction of Tamarinds and cooling Herbs and by adding thereto Cassia Syrup of Roses Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb and such like If the Feaver do stil continue Purgation must be ever and anon repeated using between whiles preparatives digestives til the whol seminary of evil humors be taken away For otherwise if we cease Purging before the Feaver be perferctly abated and gone the Patient wil be in danger of a Relapse Yet this Rule needs some restriction For if after many Purgations a lingring feaver continues which doth by little and little pine the Patients and seem to cast them into a Consumption it will be the best course to leave Purging and seek to conquer the Feaver only
by Alteratives and Dier For it somtimes falls out when there is some evil disposition of the Bowels causing a protraction of the Feaver that so long as Medicaments are given so long the Disease continues because that Nature is weakened Which afterwards Purgation being omitted gathers strength concocts the Cause of the Disease and being concocted expels the same But if a lingring Feaver arise from Obstructions as is often seen in Children frequent and very gentle Purging which draws away the Humors by little and little is wont to remove the Disease especially if the Purgation be compounded with Rhubarb which both opens obstructions and strengthens the bowels The Commendations whereof celebrated by Montanus in his tenth Counsel of Feavers is worthy to be set down in this place He setting down the Cure of a Boy that had a lingring Feaver arising from Obstructions Among other things I shall commend saith he one which I have by long Experience found never to fail viz. That he take every day the Infusion of Rhubarb in Endive Water For I never knew Feaver from Obstructions which was not cured by this Medicament provided it were constantly taken without weariness or giving over For I have somtimes seen most gross Humors impacted into the narrow passages of the Body and such Obstructions as by reason of the weakness of Natural heat could hardly be removed cured by Rhubarb My Course therefore hath been to take one pint of Endive Water and therein to infuse a dram of Rhubarb tied in a thin piece of Linnen Of which Infusion having lightly pressed out the Rhubarb I give four ounces in the morning and this is the Dose for Children Neither do I cease giging this Medicament until I see the Feaver and Obstructions wholly gone For they will doubtless be cured if all other things be rightly ordered and suitable to the Cure So far Montanus But we are wont ordinarily to use a Diet Drink made with Rhubarb which to such Children as are troubled with a lingring Feaver and Obstructions I am wont to give for their ordinary Drink with good success It is thus made Half a dram or a dram of Rhubarb according as the Child can endure the tast thereof grosly poudered and tied in a Rag is infused in two or three pints of smal Beer or Ale an whol day cold Of this the Child drinks for a month together or longer if the stubbornness of the Disease require the same Whereunto if the Feaver be very remiss and the Child flegmatick a little Wine or stronger Beer or Ale may somtimes be added to qualifie the unpleasing tast of the Rhubarb After Purgation of the Morbifick Matter Nature is for the most part accustomed in the declination of the Disease to purge away the reliques of the Matter offending by Urine which we may discern because the Urines are then more thick or more plentiful than ordinary which endeavor of Nature must be assisted by Diuretick Medicaments which are most temperate such as are Emulsions and the Openers formerly set down in Juleps or Broths whereunto if the Feaver be very gentle some Roots of Fennel and Parsley or Leaves of Wormwood may be added and that especially in Feavers of Flegm and continual Quotidians But if Nature do expel the Reliques of the Morbifick Matter to the habit of the Body Sudoroficks are to be used not those hot ones which are more properly called Sudoroficks but others more temperate which are the same in a manner with the Diureticks and being of an attenuating faculty do dispose the Humors in such sort as Nature may more easily expel them by what place or way soever she is most enclined Howbeit to these may be added Carduus Water Spirit of Vitriol and other things which shall be more fully described when we shall treat of Malignant Feavers Besides inward Medicaments divers things are also outwardly applied to temperate the Feaverish heat to confirm the strength of the principal parts or to open the Pores of the Skin and draw out the smoaky Vapors and Feaverish Heat viz. Epithems Liniments and other things to be applied unto the Region of the Heart Liver and other parts Which are invented to mitigate the Heat and are not to be applied save in the state or declination of the Disease when the Heat diffuseth it self to the exterior parts not in the beginning or augment while it resides yet about the bowels nor yet when the Crisis is at hand An Epithem to be applied to the Region of the Heart may be thus compounded Take the Waters of Bugloss Sorrel Water-lillies Roses of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses or juyce of Lemmons one ounce the Pouders of Diamargaritum frigidum and Triasantalon of each one dram Camphire and Saffron of each five grains mix all Make hereof an Epithem to applied warm with Scarlet Cloth For the more strengthening and to make it smel the sweeter ad three ounces of Orange flower Water and one dram of Confectio Alkermes Where we desire yet more potently to strengthen solid Epithems are applied unto the Heart made after this or the like manner Take Conserves of Bugloss and Roses of each one ounce Confectio Alkermes two drams Pouder of Diamargaritum frigidum one dram and an half With Juyce of Lemmons or Rose Water make a solid Epithem to be applied after the liquid one aforesaid Or one yet more Cordial may in form of a Liniment be thus made Take Confectio Alkermes and de Hyacintho of each three drams Pouder of Triasantalon and Diamargaritum frigidum of each two drams With Water of Roses make all into the form of a Liniment or Oyntment wherewith smear the Beâ—ion of the Heart Also to strengthen to and drive out the Sooty Vapours and the Feaverish heat young Pidgeons are very good being split through the Back bone and applied to the Region of the Heart which likewise are oftentimes sprinkled with cordial Pouders as Diamargaritum frigidum and Triasantalon Or before they be applied the Region of the Heart is smeared with Confectio Alkermes and the cordial Liniment aforesaid Also to the Liver Epithems are wont to be applied which are made commonly after this manner Take Waters of endive Cichory Sorrel and Roses of each three ounces Lettice Water two ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce Pouder of the Electuary Triasantalon one dram and an half Spodium half a dram Camphire ten grains Make of all an Epithem For to cool more powerfully an Epithem may somtimes be made of Juyces after this manner Take Juyce of Cichory and Endive of each half a pound Juyce of Lettice and Vinegar of Roses of each two ounces Pouder Triasantalon two drams Mix all and make thereof an Epithem Now it is very profitable to apply cooling Epithems not only to the Liver but to the whol Region of the Hypochondriaes for they do not only further Coction but also help the distemper of the bowels and hinder the principal Parts from a deadly Consumption The
Violent that moderate drinking cannot asswage it and to drink over much doth much hurt and oft times endangers the Patients Life we must by other means deceive and asswage the same First therefore let the Patients draw in the cold Air and abide in Silence not speaking a word let them keep their mouths close and breath through their Nostrils and give themselves to sleep Let them wash their mouths with Barley Water Blood-warm or with Water wherein hath been boyled Jujubees Sebestens Prunes Lettice Purslain and such like Let them hold in their Mouths a peice of Liquoris Scraped and steeped in Vineger and Water or let them wash their Mouths with Barley Water either simple or with a little Vineger in it or a little Juyce of Lemons Pomegranats or a little spirit of Vitriol Or let them hold in their mouths the Kernels of Pomegranats or a Slice of a Citron or a Lemmon or an Orange Steeped in Rose-Water with Sugar or Stalks of Lettice Endive or Purslain Leaves of Sorrel Bits of a Gourd Cowcumber or Melon first Steeped in cold Water Or Acid Cherries or red Currence or Res-berries or Tamarinds or a peice of Chrystal or the Stones of sharp Prunes upon which a little of the Pap Hangs and such like Also Sugar Dissolved in Rose-Water with a little spirit of Vitriol and dried again is very good to quench thirst If thirst cannot be taken away with these lighter things they must be permitted to drink not in the beginnings of the Exacerbations or fits nor in the Augment but very spareingly but in the Vigor and especially when it is towards declining for then large allowance of drink doth carry the heat outwards and somtimes moves sweat especially in the fits of Agues in the declination of which it is many times good for the Patient to drink unto satiety Several Materials convenient to make Drinks in these kind of Feavers are set down in the foregoing Chapter But if thirst be caused by a Chollerick Humor contained in the Stomach the said Humor must be voided by Vomit or Stool Vomit may be procured if the Patient be Stomach-sick with an ounce and an half of Syrup of Vinegar Simple with five ounces of Barley Water or of the Decoction of Rhadishes If that will not do purge the Patient with a Bolus of one ounce of the pulp of Cassia and three drams of the pulp of Tamarinds or with two ounces of Manna dissolved in a Decoction of Prunes or Tamarinds or the following Potion may be given Take Cassia new drawn six drams Mucilage of the seeds of Flea-bane half an ounce the Decoction of Barley Prunes and Tamarinds four ounces Syrup of Roses one ounce Mix all into a Potion The Heat Dryness and Roughness of the Tongue and Throat is cured by divers Remedies apapplied to those parts and contained in the mouth compounded after this manner Take of the Mucilage of Quince seeds one ounce the seeds of Mallows half an ounce Pouder of Diatragacanthum frigidum and Sugar Candy of each one dram white Sugar as much as shall suffice Make of all a Lohoch Or Take of the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds or Quince seeds extracted with Rose Water or Lettice Water half an ounce Syrup of Violets Lemmons or Pomegranates an ounce and an half mix them Let the Patients take now and then a little and bold it in their mouths Or Take Cucumer seeds half an ounce Quince seeds two drams Gum Tragacanth one dram and an half Beat the seeds and dissolve the Gums in the white of an Egg. Mix all and make thereof little Cakes for the Patients to hold in their mouths Or Take Seeds of Fleabane and of Quinces of each one dram and an half Gum Tragacanth half a dram Sugar Candy three drams With Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth make all into little Cakes Or with a thin Rag make Nodules which shall be steeped in Rose Water and held in the Patients Mouth If the roughness be very hard to remove make a Gargarism of the Decoction of Barley Roots of Marsh-mallows Leaves of Lettice Purslain Violet flowers adding thereto Honey of Roses Syrup of Violets or Sugar Candy or Oxymel simple and such like If filth cleaves to the Tongue as it most times happens it must be oftentimes wiped with a rough Cloth dipped in a mixture of Water and Vinegar Whereunto also somtimes may be added the Juyce of Housleek and Sal prunella If the Heat be more vehement with great blackness of the Tongue more refrigerating Medicines must be mixt with the moistening ones after this manner Take Juyce of Lettice Housleek and Lemmons of each an ounce Mucilage of Quince seeds and Sugar Candy of each half an ounce white Sugar as much as shall suffice Make all into a Lohoch Or Take Green Housleek one handful Vinegar of Roses three ounces Barley Water one pint Boyl all till the third part be wasted away In the strained Liquor dissolve of Sal prunella one dram and an half Allum a scruple Syrup of Violets and Mulberries of each one ounce Make of all a Gargarism Or Sal prunella alone may be dissolved in Housleek Water and the Tongue and Throat washed therewith which is very good also some Portion thereof may be swallowed to cool the mouth of the Stomach when it is likewise inflamed Also outwardly let the Neck and Throat be anointed with Oyl of Violets and fresh butter washed in Rose Water with which the Throat being as it were scorched and parched may be moistened For Cooling the Oyntment of Roses and Galens cooling Oyntment may be used with others of like Nature But the Leaves of Lettice and Purslain being bruised and enclosed between two Linnen Cloths and so applied to the Neck and Throat are much more effectual Also those kind of Bugs which we call Sows may be bruised and laid on in the same manner In great Heat of the Breast such as is wont to happen in Feavers the whol Breast must be anointed with Oyl of Violets Water-lillies and of sweet Almonds Yea and if the Heat be very vehement Fomentations ought to be applied to the said part made of a Decoction of French barley Lettice Water-Lillies Borrage Violets and such like after which irrigations ought to be used of the Oyls aforesaid Seeing that according to the Prescript of Galen and Avicenna in such like Feavers great care is to be had of the breast as of the Furnace of Heat Now these kind of Remedies according to the Rule of Trallianus are seldom to be cold because they drive the Heat inward nor luke-warm because they relax but such things ought to be applied to the breast as are actually hot and potentially cold Pain in the Loyns is caused in Feavers by hot and plentiful blood boyling and working in the Vena Cava and it must be eased by Emollient Clysters and Cooling and Emulsions made of the Cold Seeds adding Sal Prunella and by anointing the Loyns with Galens Cooling Oyntment with Juyce of the
Humors with certain Juleps compounded after this or some such manner Take Roots of Asparagus Bruscus Cichory Bugloss steeped in white Wine of each one ounce Bark of Tamarisk half an ounce Leaves of Borrage Bugloss Ceterach Maiden-hair Fumitory Germander Ground-pine of each one handful Liquoris one ounce the three Cordial Flowers of each one pugil Boyl all to a pint and an half In the strained Liquor dissolve Syrupus Bizantinus and Syrup of Maiden-hair of each two ounces Make thereof a Julep to be taken at four times four mornings together Which must also be continued many daies for the Matter being contumacious requires long preparation Or if the Patient be nice and squeezy Broths must be made of part of the foresaid Simples chusing such as are most grateful to the tast whereunto as also to the Juleps Cream of Tartar may profitably be added With these Preparative Medicaments between whiles Purgatives must be given so that every third or fourth day the Patient must take a Purge with this Caution That as long as the Matter is very crude we use mild Purgatives and when Concoction begins to go well forwards we must then give such Purgers as are a little stronger Now the Materials for these Purgations are very wel known so we need not reckon them up It is somtimes good to prescribe an Apozem both Purgative and Preparative for four or five Doses that a good part of the Morbifick Matter may be clensed away Which Apozeme may be made of the Materials of the foresaid Juleps adding Purgatives thereunto But if the thickness and contumacy of the Humors with the cold distemper of the Bowels do seem to threaten that the Disease wil be long and bring a Dropsie we must then fly to such Medicaments as do powerfully cut and divide the said Humors of which this following Apozeme may be compounded Take of the five opening Roots steeped in white Wine of each one ounce Enula Campana Gentian Aristolochia and Asarum Roots of each half an ounce Leaves of Germander Agrimony Hops Borrage Ceterach Wormwood and Centaury of each one handful Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce Senna one ounce and an half Epithimum one ounce Agarick newly trochiscated three ounces Ginger and Cloves of each one dram Boyl all to a pint and an half In the strained Liquor dissolve Syrup of Cichory with Rhubarb five ounces Troches of Capars and Salt of Wormwood and of Tamarisk of each one dram Make of all an Apozeme for five Doses to be taken in the morning In this Chronick and lasting Disease an obstinate Perseverance is necessary that the perpetual vicissitude of Medicines may concoct and purge away the Cause thereof For this is in a manner the only Cause why many that have Quartan Agues remain uncured because after the use of a few Medicines they grow weary and wholly reject and disdain all the rest For a continual Use therefore certain Purgatives are alwaies to be in a readiness Which may be made in the form of a Magistral Syrup or of Pils or in any other form A Magistral Syrup may be made of the Materials of the Apozeme Aforesaid adding a triple quantity of the Purgative Ingredients Pils for frequent use may be thus compounded Take Aloes diligently steeped with the Juyce of Wormwood half an ounce Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar and afterward thickened two drams choyce Mirrh a dram and an half Gummy Turbith and Agarick newly made into Cakes of each two drams Diagridium one dram Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each two scruples Saffron half a scruple With Oxymel simple make all into a Mass of Pill-stuff Let the Dose be half a dram or two scruples twice in a week If the Patient be of an hot Constitution these following Pills may be used Take Polypody of the Oak half an ounce Roots of Asarum and seeds of Broom of each one dram Cristal of Tartar one dram and an half Flowers of Bugloss and Borrage of each half a pugil Boyl all in a sufficient Quantity of Water Of the Liquor strained and very well clarified take half a pint Juyce of odoriferous Apples very well clarified four ounces Infuse therein Senna one ounce Turbith and Agarick of each three drams Mace Cloves Cinnamon and Epithimum of each one dram Let them digest together three daies in Balneo Mariae then strain and press them out And add yet of Extract of Aloes made with Endive and Sorrel Water one ounce Mirrh dissolved in Wine over the fire and strained two drams Salt of Tartar one dram Let all evaporate and thicken over a gentle fire adding towards the conclusion of the Pouders of Diarrhodon Abbatis and Laetificans Galeni of each one scruple Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each half a dram Extract of Saffron half a scruple Make a Mass of Pill-stuf for the use asoresaid Also a Purging Medicament very familiar and most easie to prepare but very profitable may be made of three ounces of the Decoction of Wormwood wherein two drams of Senna hath been infused which must be taken now and then These Purging Medicines are wont to be given the day before the fit because the Patients are then stronger than at other times Yet many contend that they ought to be given before the fit because the matter being agitated by the fit is made more apt for Expulsion This Opinion they underprop with the Authority of Hippocrates in his Book de Affectionibus who would have a Medicine Purging downwards to be given at the beginning of the Fit And although in Galens Judgment that is none of Hippocrates his writings but of his Son in Law Polypus yet they conceive it ought not therefore to be of no Authority seeing Polypus also was a very Learned Man and frequent Experience confirms this Opinion as the said Experience is set down by Arculanus Genitilus Amatus Lusitanus and others who have ordered that the Purging Medicament should be given four hours before the Fit Which practice notwithstanding hath need of much wariness and prudence in the Physitian seeing the shaking fit intercepts the evacuation and in the Ague Fit the Humors are moved with a motion quite contrary to that wherewith the Purge doth move them by which means great disturbances may fall out in the Patients Body Wherefore this course is not to be followed but in strong Bodies The Consent of Physitians is greater and more general touching the giving of Vomits in the beginning of the Ague Fits because Nature is at that time more prone to that kind of Evacuation Neither is it to be doubted that a Vomiting caused in the beginning of the Fit and at the same time often repeated doth make the Disease gentler and shorter The Materials of Vomitories are set down in our Cure of a Tertian But in a Quartan Ague Asarum is preferred before the rest one dram being given in Pouder in white Wine and three or four times repeated In the Intervals of purging Clysters must
juyce of Scordium juyce of sorrel of Goates Rue of scabious and Carduus of each one pint Shavings of Harts-Horn four Ounces Old Venice Treacle six ounces Let the rinds of the Lemmons be cutt into thin chips let the seeds be beaten and such herbs as have little juyce let them in the beating be moistened with the juice of Lemmons and let al be distilled in balneo Mariae Of the water give one ounce by it self or mixed with other Liquors The hotter sort of Treacle waters are made with white Wine or with spirit of wine which must be warilly given and in lesser quantity yet they pierc more than the other and move sweat and are cheifly used in the true Pestilence Howbeit in some Cases they may by the prudent Physitian be used Among the many Descriptions of such Treacle waters I wil propound in this place two of the most excellent Take roots of Angelica White-Thistle Gentian Tormentil Zedoary Harts-Horn of each one ounce of the three sanders of each half an ounce Treacle three ounces Camphire a scruple beat al and steep them three daies together in two Pints of strong white-wine in a warm place Then distil Them in Balneo Mariae and keep the water for use the dose is from two drams to half an ounce in refrigerating Juleps adding spirit of vitriol to correct the Inflamation thereof Take Spirit of Wine very wel rectified one pint and an half old Treacle eight ounces Elect Mirrh four ounces Oriental Saffron one ounce Camphire half an ounce Infuse al for twenty four hours in Balneo Mariae afterward stil them in the same Bath and you shal have a very effectual water The Chymists do exceedingly cry up their Bezoardica Mineralia because they are Sudorofick or Diaphoretick at least and yet do not at al heat which they endeavor to prove by their having no taste in which regard they are easily taken even by the most nice Patients that loath unpleasant medicaments They also commend their Medicine which is called by them Mixtura Simplex or Mixtura Spiritalis made of Treacle Water Camphorated spirit of Vitriol and of Tartar and they mingle a dram hereof in Juleps and antidotary Potions A Physitian that undertakes the Cure of malignant Feavers ought to have divers Antidotes in a readynes and to change them ever and anon least nature be too much accustomed to one and the same and slight the virtue thereof Also the nature of the venemous quality is not alwayes one and the same but very divers according to the diversity of the patients bodies So that what hath helpt one wil do another no good so that when he hath for some time used one antidote he must try another and another While the foresaid diaphoreticks are using if we have a Mind at any time to help their Operation that they may more powerfully bring out the poison into the surface of the Body some external helpes may be used viz. Cupping-glasses both dry and with scarification many and often set on and Vesicatories of which we spok before which are most convenient in the state of the disease and at what time Sudorofick Medicines are given as also Oyl of Scorpions of Matthiolus which is much commended by al Practitioners for it calls forth the poyson residing in the profound parts of the body unto the external parts And therefore the Emunctories of the body as the Groines and Arm-pits with the Pulses of the Templs Hands and Feet ought frequently to be anointed with this oyl warm viz. thrice or four times in a day or else every third hour Where this Oyl is not to be had a Liniment may be made of Treacle dissolved in Juyce of Lemmons adding a little saffron and Camphire If at any time Nature being oppressed with the malignity of the Poyson and overcome and seem not to act but as it were to submit her self with hands bound to the mercy of the humor The strongest diaphoreticks are then to be given in a large dose that the daunted mettle of the heart may be as it were spurred up And then the strongest sorts of Treacle waters and Bezoardicks which have greatest force to penetrate must be used and the addition of Camphire wil much help their penetration and outwardly at such a time this following fomentation wil wonderfully assist the operation of such things as are taken in and wil help to drive out the malignant vapors For by this Method many have bin reduced from the Gates of Death Take roots of Angelica and Gentian of each two ounces Leaves of Bawm Origanum Scordium of each two handfuls Seeds of Carduus benedictus one ounce Flowers of Chamomel Mullien Melilot St. Johns wort Centaurie the less Staechados Rosemary Marygold of each two pugills Make a decoction of all in water adding towards the end a little white-wine wherewith foment the feet Groins Armepits and sides warm with sponges If drynes of the tongue thirst and other signes do shew that the Feaver doth prevail as much as the malignant quality we must abstain from the fomentation and instead thereof let a Hen cut down through the Back or the Lungs or Caul of a Wether new killed be applied to the patients Belly In the whole Course of the Care the greatest Cure of al must be to preserve the patients strength which is much dejected by the Venemous quality It is best kept up first by Convenient broths made with a Capon unto which when necessity urges may be added the distilled broaths of flesh and especially the Aqua Caponis which is made in Balneo Mariae per Descensum as the common manner is now to make it Consection of Hyacinths given in broaths doth repaire the strength and doth oppugn the malignant quality In the same broaths Gelly of harts-horn doth satisfie both Endications If the strength of the Patient be very much decaied we may make bold with Confectio Alkermes provided the Heat of the Feaver be not very violent And finally wine is the most cordial thing in the world of the use whereof in this disease I spake before treating of the Patients Diet. The only smel of wine doth much refresh the Patients strength and much more a toast dipped in Canary and Rosewater and so held to the Nose And in this Case also Confectio Alkermes and de Hyacintho are wont to be put into alexipharmical Potions Or in extream dejection of strength Potions merely cordial may be thus made Take Orenge-flower water and Rosewater of each one ounce and an half Confectio Alkermes one dram Syrup of Apples one ounce Juyce of Lemmons three drams Make all into a potion If the Feaver be not intense Cinnamon water may be given to the quantity of one dram or three drams and sometimes Amber Griese may be added to the quantity of five Granes or Seven Neither in extream Weaknes of the Patients must we so much fear those hot cordials that we should resuse to save the patient from present death
bin used a day or two we must come to derivers among which is reckoned a vesicatory applied to the Neck of which before whereunto must be added blood-letting from the forehead vein to the quantity of five or six ounces which is very successful provided blood was before sufficiently taken from the veins of the Arm. Also horseleeches may be fastened behind the Eares which is a good remedy but less effectual than the former because by leeches the thinner part only of the blood is drawn away whereas by the forehead vein sometimes in a phrensie more corrupt blood is drawn away whereas by the Arm. At length in the state of a Phrensie or at the beginning of the declination resolvers are to be applied especially liveing Creatures and their Parts as the Lunges of a wether which is better than young prdgeons or whelpes because it doth safely encompass the whol Head Now these Animals do partly resove evil humors contained in the brain and partly ripen and digest them that Nature may afterward more easily expel them Some do unadvisedly apply them in the beginning of a phrensie because by encreasing the Heat they encrease the Flux of Humors to the Brain and encrease the Raving In the Inflamation Dryness and Blackness of the Tongue Remedies propounded in the aforesaid place are convenient especially such as are composed of Water or the Juyce of Housleek and Sal prunellae Whereunto this following of Mindereus may be added because Experience hath taught that it is very effectual Take fresh butter washed in Rose-water two ounces Sal prunelloe half a dram Mix them and keep the mixture in cold Water Give the quantity of an Hastifer or bean oftentimes in a day and let the Patients hold it as long in their Mouths as they can possibly It is a sign that the Cure goes wel forward if the black Sootiness go away and the dry chopped Tongue begin to grow moist and pselings come away and the dry chopped Tongue begin to grow cough up the peelings of their Throats But then their palate is pained and that very thin Skin where with it is covered can hardly bear any thing in regard of its tenderness but it s offended with every light tartness and the least Acrimony imaginable because the former Inflamation having left it in divers parts Flaid it must be covered with new Skin and so it requires to be perfectly cooled and healed To this purpose the following Gelly wil be most convenient Take Seeds of Flea-bane and Quinces of each one dram and an half Gum Tragacanth one dram With Water of Roses draw out a liquid Mucilage whereunto ad the like quantity of Syrup of Violets Make it in manner of a Gelly of which let the patients take often in a Spoon and hold it long in their Mouth Warm Milk does mitigate the pain Caused by Gargarismes tempers the Inflamation moistens the Tongue and Throat and attracts the Venom to it These following Pills may conveniently be used Take Seeds of Cucumbers picked and bruised one ounce White of an Egg as much as shall susfice Make Pills which let the Patients often hold in their mouths Or Take Seeds of Gourds and Melones clensed and of white Poppy of each one dram Liquoris and Gum Tragaganth of each one dram and an half Beat all to pouder and with the Mucilage of Quince Seeds drawn with rose-Rose-water make Pills to be held in the mouth And because this Inflamation Dryness and Blackness of the Tongue proceeds from the burning that is within Juleps very Refrigerating are good to cool the same unto which may be added Sal prunellae and Spirit of Vitriol Also they may be mingled with the Patients ordinary drink The Cure of extremity of Thirst was sufficiently propounded in the aforesaid place But in a malignant Feaver it will be happily extinguished with these two Medicines newly commended viz. with Sal Prunellae and Spirit of Vitriol taken in Juleps and in the ordinary drink of the Patient Want of Appetite Stomach-sickness Vomiting and Hiccuping must be cured according to the Method delivered in the aforesaid Chapter Yet we shall ad one thing touching vomiting that it doth somtimes so vex those that have malignant Feavers that they presently vomit what ever they take and though they have Thirst with Dryness and Blackness of Tongue yet can they bear no kind of Liquor or drink but vomit all their Juleps Emulsions Ptisans and their smal Beer presently after they have drunk them This most grievous Symptom is suddenly cured as it were by a miracle with a dram of Salt of Wormwood given in a spoonful of fresh Juyce of Lemmons as I have learnt by Experience A Loosness is very frequent in this Disease and herein the wisdom of the Physitian is very necessary For if it be unseasonably stopped the venemous Matter is kept within And if it be let alone it weakens the Patients and many times brings them to their deaths In the Cure of this Loosness we must therefore thus proceed If it be so moderate that it weaken not the Patient it must not be stopt but only moderated by Strengthening Clysters But if it be immoderate and do very much weaken the Patient it is wont to be a melting Loosness that Thawes the Patient as it were away and must be boldly stopped which new Treacle to the quantity of half a dram or Laudanum Opiatum to the quantity of two or three grains will effectually perform Yet I have often seen a pernicious Flux which threatned to kill the Patient stopped as it were in a Moment by giving of powerful Diaphoreticks in a great Dose which did expel by the Skin that venemous Matter which by vexing and grating upon the Guts and other Bowels did cause such a melting and consuming Loosness Worms do very often vex those that have these Feavers and are plentifully bred by the great putrefaction of the Humors These are conveniently drawn away by sweet Clysters and by potions against the Worms especially such as are made of a Decoction of Seordium For Scordium is equally good against the malignity and the Worms And to temper the heat thereof it must be boiled with Purslain Sorrel and Harts-horn Also burnt Harts-horn is profitably boiled against the Worms For Forestus in the fourth Observ of his sixth Book that no Remedy did so much good to such as having a malignant Feaver were troubled with Worms and a Loosness as burnt Harts-horn given to the quantity of a dram in convenient Juleps When the malignant and venemous Quality bears great sway in these Feavers that they come neer the Nature of the true Pest in such Patients there are commonly risings behind their Ears and Carbuncles Wherefore we will here subjoyn their Cure In the beginning of a Parotis or Rising neer the Ear as soon as it begins to appear the Part recipient must be relaxed and widened as it were and if the swelling rise but slowly the motion of Nature endeavoring to expel
Barly Jujubes and Liquoris and let them use this following Lohoch Take Seeds of Marsh-mallows Melons Cucumers and white Poppy of each two drams Raisons stoned and Jujubes of each four pair Boile al to a pint In which dissolve conserve of Roses and Violets of each half an ounce Pouder of Diatragacanthum frigidum three drams Sugar Candie and Sugar of Roses of each as much as shal suffice Make al into a Lohoch The Jawes and throat may be fenced against the Pox before they break out with this following Gargarism Take French barly one pugil Plantane Leaves two handfuls red Rose Leaves one pugil Balaustians seeds of Sumach of each two drams Boil al in two pints of water to a third parts consumption In the strained Liquor dissolve Syrup of Mulberries and Pomgranates of each one ounce Mix al into a Gargarism If the young age of Children cannot admit a Gargle a Lohoch may be made of Syrup of Mulberries Pome-granats of dried Roses either alone or mingled with red Rose and Plantain waters Which must often be given them in a spoon Wherewith if the Fluxion cannot be stopped by reason of the abundance of the rhume so that there is fear of Suffocation impendent such things must be used which widen the passages and help excretion after this manner Take Mucilage of Fleabane seed and Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn of each one ounce and halfe Whitest Sugar two ounces Mix them Make of all a Lambitive to be given every hour If by meanes of the Acrimony of the flux or the Plenty of the smal Pox an Ulcer be berd in the Jawes or Throat it must be clensed with barly water and honey of Roses or with allum water and if it tend to corruption a little Aegyptiacum Ointment must be mingled therewith The gutts wil be preserved by the same remedies which were appointed to preserve the Lungs But if a present Loosens or dysenterie be urgent first detergent and lenitive Remedies must be used and afterwards astringents And so Clysters must be made of calybeated Milk of Sugar and yolkes of Eggs and afterwards of a decoction of barly and red Roses with the yolk of an egg and last of al of a decoction of Plantaine Knot-grass and Prunella or Self-heal and other Simples set down in our Cure of the Disentery And it is to be observed that a loosness in children that have Pox is oftentimes caused by wormes which lasts dureing the whol disease whence they are in the danger of Death because the expulsion of the Pox is therby hindred wholly or lessened Which is easily known by the thickness and viscositie of the excrements and their grey or whitish color then must be administred such things as kill Worms and sweet Clysters must be injected Somtimes also the kidneys are affected and are exulcerated whence arises Pissing of Blood In this Case it is good to give an emulsion of the four greater cool seeds with trochiscs of Alkekengy de Carabe and other things set down in our chapters of Pissing of Blood Among external parts the Eyes are most of all to be guarded from the smal Pox. For being endued with a soft and humid substance the matter of the Pox is easily driven unto them whence arise grevious calamites and somtimes total Blindness Before the Pox break out therefore or when they begin to appear the Eyes must be anointed every hour with Plantane and Rose waters in which a little saffron is dissolved or with the following Eye-Salve which doth more effectually preserve them Take water of Roses and Plantane of each one ounce and half Pouder of Sumach seeds two drams Infuse them a little while hot then strain the liquor hard out to the strained liquor ad Camphire ten graines Saffron five graines Make all into a Water for the Eyes It wil be yet more effectual if Instead of the waters the juices of knot-grass and Sheperds-pouch be mingled with the rest And if some Pox begin to Peep out of the Eye it self pidgeons blood must be often dropt in that their resolution may be hastened then also this following eye-Eye-water is to be used Take Red Rose water two ounces Eye-bright water half an ounce trochisci albi Rhasis one dram Tutty prepared one Scruple Champhire five graines Saffron two graines make al into an eye-Eye-water and wet the Eyes often therewith with a thin linnen rag But when the Eyes so swel that they cannot be opened they must often be washed with a decoction of Linseed Fenugreek seed Quince seed and Mallow seeds and so the swelling wil fal and the Eyes open and if when the Eyes are opened there appear cloudes in them they must be scoured off with Sugar-candie finely powdered And finally if the Eyes are ulcerated they may be cured with this following Eye salve Take Washed Ceruss three drams Sarcocol one dram Gum traganth one Scruple Opium two grains With mucilage of Gum traganth drawn out with Plantane water make all into little cakes or trochiscs which must be dissolved in Womens Milk or red Rose water when it is to be used and in all other things proceed as Practitioners teach at large in the Cure of Vlcers of the Eyes To preserve the Nostrills they must often smel to Vinegar But a Collyrium of juyce of knot-grass and shepherds pouch Sumach seeds and camphire formerly praysed wil work more effectually let the tent be often moistened therein and put up into the Nostrills If notwithstanding the Pox do grow within the Nose they quickly become hard Scabs which are often to be nointed with Oyl of sweet almonds that they may the sooner fal off And finally if an Ulcer happen in the Nose it must be dressed with a liniment of the Oyl of Eg-yolkes and juyce of Plantane stirred together in a leaden Mortar To preserve the Face some wash it with Rose-water and other Astringents Which I cannot approve of for a great part of the impurities flows unto the Face For the Skin tthereof long loose and soft is very fit to receive Excrements Wherefore if those impurities which Nature sends hither be repelled being retained within they may cause great hurt and therefore the motion of Nature is no waies to be hindred But this ought to be the Physitians care to hinder that the Pocks which break out in the Face do not leave behind them pits and Scarrs which doth often deform the Countenance And this he shall in good measure perform if when the Pocks are ripe and are high and white in the middle which is wont to fall out upon the ninth day of the Disease he cause them to be nointed with a Fether twice a day with Oyl of sweet Almonds drawn without fire until the Crusts fall off For by this Medicine the Acrimony of Choller is tempered the ripening of the Pocks is hastened and the falling off of the Crusts furthered which otherwise sticking fast doth exulcerate the Skin more deeply by reason of the Quittor which lies under them
Oyl of Nuts new drawn without fire mixed well with a like quantity of Rose-water till they come to the form of a Liniment is excellent for the same purpose If by neglecting the Remedies aforesaid or through the extream malignity of the Humor there remain Pits and Pock-holes all diligence must be used to repair the same Which notwithstanding is extream hard to do perfectly although many have taken great pains thereabout to gratifie Virgins and other Women who are exceeding careful to preserve their Beauties Among infinite Medicines recorded by Authors to this intent I shall propound the choisest And in the first place Oyl of Eg-yolks does nourish and engender Skin and therefore is very convenient to fill the Pock-holes Wethers Suet fresh and new melted and done out with a Fether is effectual to the same purpose But the filthyness of Pock-holes is much amended if they be washed first with Yarrow-Water or cows-dung-Cows-dung-water distilled in May and then anointed with Mans-Grease Forestus does much magnifie this following Oyntment Take Oyls of sweet Almonds and white Lillies of each one ounce Fat of a Capon three drams Pouder of Peony Roots of Orice and Lytharge of Gold of each ten grains Sugar-Candy one scruple Mingle al well in a warm Mortar strain them through a Cloth and noint the Pock-holes therewith morning and night And afterwards let them be well washed with Water distilled out of Calves-feet and when that is not at hand use the Water of Yarrow in stead thereof Neither must I omit that which many Practitioners do teach viz. That when the Pocks be ripe they must be bored through with a golden or a silver Needle least the Quittor tarrying long in them should leave holes in the part Which Practice is notwithstanding now in a manner grown out of use since Experience has taught that the Pocks being bored are longer in healing and doth longer hold their Crusts because of the Weakness of Natural Heat caused in the Part by boring whereby more deformed Scars are left behind And therefore it is better to abstain from this boring and to commit the evacuation of the Quittor to Nature alone To conclude this Cure I shall subjoyn how those dispositions of Itching and Exulceration which happen to persons that have the small Pocks may be remedied And in the first place When the small Pocks come forth or when they begin to ripen somtimes an huge pain or Itching does afflict the Patients especially in the Palms of the Hands and Soales of the Feet because the thickness of the Skin in those parts hinders the Eruption of the Pocks Which Symptom you shall help if you cause those parts to be held in hot Water or Foment them a long time with an Emollient Decoction But when there is great Itching in the Face which compels the Patients to scratch whence great deformity and foul Scars follow use this following Remedy Take leaves of Pellitory of the Wall one handful Flowers of Chamomel and Melilote of each half a pugil Boil them in a pint of Scabious Water To the strained Liquor ad three ounces of Honey-suckle Water With this Liquor hot often let the Itching Pocks be moistened by dipping a thin Rag or Cotton Wool therein and so applying the Liquor gently to them Now the Ulcers which arise from deep and malignant Pocks are to be cured with Vnguentum album Rhasis or with an Oyntment of Lead made after this manner Take Calcined Lead two ounces Litharge one ounce Ceruss washed and Vinegar of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses three ounces Honey of Roses one ounce Three Yolks of Egs Myrrh half an ounce Wax as much as shall suffice Make all into an Oyntment FINIS A PHYSICAL DICTIONARY Expounding such words as being terms of Art or otherwise derived from the Greek and Latin are dark to the English Reader This Dictionary is of use in the reading of all other Books of this Nature in the English Tongue LONDON Printed by Peter Cole in Leaden-Hall and are to be sold at his Shop at the sign of the Printing-press in Cornhil 1655. A Physical Dictionary A A Pophlegmatisms Medicines drawing flegm out of the Head Agaricktrochiscated See the London Dispensatory in English Apozeme A Medicine made of the Broth of divers Herbs and other Ingredients unto which somtimes certain Syrups are added Animal Faculties The Powers of Hearing Seeing Smelling Tasting Feeling of Imagination Understanding Memory Will Going Standing and all Voluntary Motion Aranea Tunica The Cobweb-Coat or Tunicle Abdomen The Belly or Paunch Apoplectick Water Good for the Apoplexy Autumn Harvest the Fall of the Leaf Actual Heat is Heat that may be felt by the hand such as is in Fire and all things heated thereby or in the Body of one in a Feaver It is oppoied to Potential Heat viz. That cannot be felt by the Hand as the Heat in pepper in Mustard seed in a Flint in unslaked Lime and the contrary of Actual Cold. Affected Troubled Diseased An Affect a Disease Trouble Disorder Aquae Acidulae The Spaw Waters like those of Epsam Barnet and Tunbridg with us Absurdities Unreasonable things Acrimony Sharpness such as in Mustard Pepper and in divers Humors of the Body which cause sickness Ascent Going up Apply lay on Actually Cold see Actual Heat Augment Encrease Accidentally By hap by chance upon occasion Adventitious not Natural but springing from external causes Actracting drawing together or causing Attracts draws to Accident somthing that happens upon a Disease vide Symptome Adstriction binding together shutting up Antecedent Cause foregoing Cause is opposed to the Conjunct Cause Abundance of Flegm in the Body is the Antecedent Cause of the Optick Nerves being stopped by flegm but the Flegm in the said Nerves is the Conjuct Cause c. of other Diseases Articulate Voyce A distinct Voyce such as that of Man-kind termed Speech Abstergent Clensing away filth Access Addition joyning to help or company Afflux flowing to Astringents Medicines that bind together and straiten the Pores and Passages of the Body Astriction binding knitting together Anodines Medicines which asswage pain Anastomosis an opening of the Mouths of Veins by which means Blood issues Astringe bind fasten close Acute sharp violent a Disease is termed Acute when it quickly changeth to health or death Adustion burning Adust burned Blood is said to be adust when by reason of extraordinary heat the thinner parts are evaporated and the thicker remain dreggy and black as if they were burnt Asthmatical troubled with shortness of breath Attest witness declare Aneurism a Swelling caused by a dilatation of the Arteries external Coat the internal being broken Axungia Grease Atrophy want of Nourishment when the Body pines away Attenuating Medicaments are such as make thick Humors thin Axiom or Theoreme an acknowledged undoubted Truth Adjacent lying neer bordering upon Aromatized Spiced perfumed Anus the Fundament Astringe to bind Atomes smal Moats hardly visible and that cannot admit of any division Adverse contrary to of
also very good to sprinkle sharp Vinegar upon a red hot Iron that the Patient may receive the vapor in his Nostrils And it wil be better to put Nigella or Pepper-wort seeds Rue seeds or Castoreum to the Vinegar But Vinegar itself warmed and applied to the Nose if it be sharp stirs up the Patient powerfully and more powerfully if you put to it Pepper and Castoreum The Fume of Brimstone doth also raise from sleep The Hairs of a Goat burnt or the horn of a Deer or Goat burnt held to the Nose are most strong for the raising up of him that is in a deep sleep The fume or smoak of white Amber is excellent for the awaking of men in sleepy Diseases as also the Oyl of it often applied to the Temples and Nostrils Rub also the soals of the Feet with Salt and Vinegar anoint the hands with Oyl of Rue and of Castorium touch the tongue and pallat with old Treacle dissolved in Aqua Caelestis or Apoplectica But take heed that your Treacle be not new for then Opium will cause more sleep The Medicine called Aura Alexandrina or Confectio Anacardina You may also boyl Mustard seed in Vinegar or strong Wine and wash the Pallat therewith Roots of Pellitory of Spain boyled in Oxymel that is Honey and Vinegar do the same thing But with all these Medicines you may safely use Castoreum When you have purged the Body generally in all parts you must then purge the Head either sensibly or insensibly Sensibly by the Nostrils and Pallat by Errhines or Neesings which are prescribed in the Cure of a cold Distemper of the Brain and by the touching of the Pallat as before To all these you may ad Rue Castoreum and Vinegar Concerning Neesing It is to be observed That if the Disease remain and encrease and if the Patient be hard to be raised it is very profitable but we must not use them too long lest they clog the Brain and move the humors too much But in the beginning of the Disease we must abstain from unseasonable neesing because it disperseth the humor which wil fix in other parts from whence come stubborn Diseases or a smal sleeping Disease turns into a strong Apoplexy Last of all you must use those things which resolve the humor insensibly which are compounded in this manner Take Bay-berries and Juniper Berries of each one ounce and an half Roots of Angelica Zedoary and Master-wort call'd Impatoria or Pellitory of Spain of each one ounce Leaves of Bettony Sage Rosemary of each one handful Rue Savory Marjoram Lavender flowers of each half a handful Boyl them in Vinegar Dip a Spunge or linnen cloth in this Liquor and apply it warm to the Head It is a wonderful thing to see what good this doth in sleeping Diseases But you must rub the Arms and Hands and the Legs and Feet with the same Take of Castor half an ounce of Mans Hair burnt three drams of the Juyce of Rue of Vinegar and common Oyl of each two ounces Boyl them to an Oyntment and then anoint the Head therewith after the Fomentation Take of Oyl of Pepper-wort called Oleum Costinum of the Oyl of Castor and of Euphorbium of each one ounce of the Pouder Mustard seed and Euphorbium of each one dram of Vinegar one spoonful of Wax as much as wil serve to make an Oyntment If the Disease doth not decrease after al these are used then you must apply a great Cupping glass to the crown of the Head and to the hinder part of the Head But a Vesicatory is best if Euphorbium be in it for that wil draw the humor outwardly which lyeth deep Some are so bold in the height of the Disease to burn the hinder part of the Head between the first and second Vertebra or Back-bone with an actual Cautery Zacutus Lusitanus applied many in his time with good success as he witnesseth in his first Book of Wonderful Practice and the fourteenth Observation in these words I being called to visit a sick man who was for the space of thirty daies taken with drouziness and irresistible sleep with a smal feaver not able to hold open his eyes He had used many evacuating and diverting or repelling Medicines but they perfected nothing therefore I applied the Cautery with much benefit for with a red hot Iron I scorched the crown of his head till it was hard and crusty as also the hinder part and almost every where about his head by which means be awaked and the places burned beginning to matter he arose and came to himself By this means I remember I cured two sleepers contrary to expectation after all other means had been used in vain and these were cured by the heat of the fire melting dissolving the humor which came forth at their mouths and nostrils many daies after Others have an Ancient Custom to hold a red hot Frying-pan so neer the Head that it may burn the Hair and not the Skin It is good in these Diseases to give the Patient a little Aqua Coelestis or Apoplectick Water or other strong Water which by its piercing quality do very much good and have freed many from Apoplexies present and approaching if Blood be not predominant or chief in the Body which wil be hurt by the use of strong Waters Now there are many sorts of Apoplectick Waters in Langius Wickerus Quercitanus Crollius and others But we shal here only lay down one Water invented by my self and made of the most proper Ingredients Take of Peony Roots and Misleto of the Oak of each two ounces Calamus Aromaticus Galangal and Cyprus of each one ounce Bettony Sage Marjoram of each one handful Peony Annis Fennel and Caraway seed of each three drams Lavender Stoechas and Rosemary flowers of each a pugil Nutmeg Mace Cloves Cubebs Grains of Paradice cardamom of each half an ounce Cinnamon two ounces Saffron one dram and an half the Species of Diambra and Diamoschu of each two drams Cut and beat them according to art put them in a glass still and then powr in as much of the best Spirit of Wine as is sufficient Let it stand in Balneo Mariae or a kettle of warm Water with Hay in it for the space of eight daies afterwards draw it off and keep the Water in a close stopt glass bottle Now if the Disease decline and his deep sleep begin to cease you must omit al other Medicines and follow those things only which strengthen the Brain which may be very wel done by the use of that Opiate or Electuary which I prescribed in the Treatise of the cold distemper of the Brain But if you wil use stronger than that take the Aqua Apoplectica above mentioned Continue the use of Castor above all things if the Disease continue giving every morning three or four grains of it in the Oxymel of Squils or simple Oxymel Trallianus affirmeth that many overcome with this Disease have been recovered only with
this Remedy Outwardly you may use some Chymical Balsoms against Apoplexies of which there are divers We wil only discover one of the best unto you Take of the Oyl of Nutmegs by Expression half an ounce Ambergreece Musk and Civit of each one scruple the distilled Oyls of Spike Amber Cinnamon Rosemary Cloves of each half a scruple With this Balsom touch the pallat every morning and drop some into the ears and snuff some into the nostrils For this purpose the distilled Oyl of Nutmegs used in the same manner is much commended Lastly We must observe That in the Cure of these Diseases we must use less hot things and lose more blood when the Disease is caused of blood and also we must mix Medicines that purge Choller with those that purge Flegm They which have been troubled with any of these Diseases and are cured do use many times to relapse and fal into the same again which that you may prevent you must correct the cold Distemper of the Brain as before is taught by which Method you may prevent either Apoplexy Carus Lethargy or Coma. And if the Brain be very cold after general Evacuations you may often use Aqua Apoplectica or these Tablets or Lozenges following Take of Amber-greece half a scruple the distilled Oyl of Annis seeds Cinnamon and Nutmegs of each three drops Oyl of Cloves one drop Sugar dissolved in Orange-flower-water four ounces Make these into Lozenges and let him take a dram or two of it every morning Pills to strengthen the Head are thus made Take of Cubebs Mastich Nutmeg Cloves of each one dram Amber-greese half a dram of Musk six grains With Juyce of Marjoram make Pills and let him take one scruple at a time twice in a week at his going to bed This Pouder is much in use and is much commended Take of White Amber half an ounce of the Pouder of the Electuary called Diarrhodon Abbatis two drams of Peony Roots one dram and an half Make a Pouder of them and take a dram at a time in any Water for that purpose before every New Moon It is good to hold Nutmeg in the Mouth and to chew it very often Sweet Perfumes are to be used to the Nose especially the Apoplectick Balsom Use Spices with Meat after Meat a digestive Pouder mentioned in the Cure of the cold Distemper of the Head If you fear a sleepy Disease wil come from too much blood you must first take some away by the Arm and use al means to make the Piles or Hemorrhoid Veins to bleed which is very good for which you must purge with Senna and Rhubarb and with cooling things If you fear an Apoplexy from Melancholly you must purge Melancholly and provoke the Hemorrhoids and give the Medicines prescribed for the strengthening of the Brain especially that pouder which is made of white Amber Diarrhodon and Peony Roots CHAP. III. Of Waking Coma. THE Disease called Waking Coma or Coma vigil is put among sleeping Diseases yet because it is of another Condition different from the rest we will treat of it in this Chapter by it self This Coma vigil is a Disease in which the Patient lieth with his eyes shut as if he were asleep when he is awake and distracted and if you touch him he presently openeth his eyes and looks strangely and falls asleep again which is hindered by divers strange imaginations and fancies This Disease Galen placeth as a mean between a Frenzy and a Lethargy and calleth it Typhomania The usual Cause of this Disease is Choller mixed with Flegm by which humors the Brain is made too moist or it is swelled or inflamed from whence either the Tumor called Erisypelas oedematosum or oedema Erisypelatosum But because those humors are diversly mixed somtimes a greater proportion of the one than of another it comes to pass that the Diseases from them are divers for if Choller be chief then it is a Delirium or Dotage and the sick man sleepeth but little though his eyes be shut but if Flegm prevail the Patient doth sleep more and is less doting and being raised makes less noise and is not so foolish This Coma vigil comes by sympathy from Chollerick vapors mixed with Flegmatick that fly into the Head which happens in Feavers that come from mixed Humors especially in half Tertians which are made of a Tertian and a Quotidian We may safely affirm that this Disease cometh from Vapors simply hot and moist in strong Feavers because sleep comes from moisture and waking comes from heat The Diagnosis or knowledg of this Disease is plain enough by what hath been said That they which have it lie with their eyes shut and seem to sleep yet they cannot sleep but toss and tumble lift themselves up suddenly strive to get out of the bed and then fall again asleep The divers Causes are easily known from what hath been said This Disease is accounted dangerous if the Brain have a Swelling or Inflamation or if it be overcome with the humors above mentioned namely Choller and Flegm or if it come of vapors which arise from the malignant Humors of a Pestilent Feaver If the Dotage or Delirium be strong it produceth a Convulsion for it comes of a Humor or vapor which is very sharp which falling upon Nervous parts causeth a Convulsion A true Coma vigil is cured as a Frenzy and Lethargy and if it incline most to a Frenzy then the Medicines proper for that are most to be used if to a Lethargy then the Medicines proper for that But a Coma that cometh by Sympathy is cured by curing the Malignant Feaver from whence it cometh but the more peculiar Remedies must also be used which draw and keep humors from the Brain in the beginning of the Disease as bleeding in the Arm and Foot Vinegar of Roses applied to the Forehead Clysters Cupping glasses to the Shoulders Back Buttocks Thighs opening the Head Vein applying Leeches to the Temples and behind the Ears and laying living Creatures to the Head to dissolve the Humor CHAP. IV. Of the Sleeping Diseases called Catoche and Catalepsis or Congelation THere is some Confusion among Authors about this Catoche for some take it for Coma vigil Waking Coma others for Catalepsis Paulus gave them the cause of their difference in his Third Book and the Eighth Chapter he treats of a two-fold Catoche and first under that name he speaks of a Coma vigil in the end under the same name he speaks of Catalepsis Custom hath brought it to pass that Catoche and Catalepsis are taken for one and the same Disease in all Authors the Latins call it commonly Congelation or stiffness of the Body It is a Disease seldom seen and to be admired and those Authors which have seen the Disease do think it so much worth the observation as to describe the whol passage and History of it First of all Galen in his first Comment Prorrhet Sect. 2. Part 56. mentioneth a story of a School-fellow
grains Let him take them once every week But because the humor must be prepared before every purge therefore for two or three daies before he takes the Pills let him take three or four ounces of this following Water every morning two hours before meat Take of the chips of Guajacum four ounces of the bark of the same one ounce of Sarsaparilla one ounce and an half of China Root one ounce of Sassaphras six drams of Lignum Aloes Galangal of each one dram and an half of the Roots of Angelica Peony and Fennel of each three drams and an half of Peony seeds two drams Infuse them for twenty four hours in six pints of Water and four pints of white Wine After ad the Leaves of Bettony and Ivy and Sage of each one handful of the Flowers of Tile Tree Primroses Stoechas or French Lavender and Rosemary of each two pugils of Lavender one pugil of old Treacle half an ounce of Citron seeds and bark of each two drams and an half of Polipody half an ounce of Cinnamon six drams Distil them in Balneo Mariae according to art and to every two pints and an half of the Liquor put of Manus Christi Prepared with the Oyl of Cinnamon four ounces Or instead of this Water you may use the Opiate prescribed in the Chapter of the cold distemper of the Brain for the strengthening of the Head but you had better use the Opiate of Montagnanus described in the Cure of the Epilepsis When other Purges do little good it wil not be amiss to come to the use of Chymical Vomits if the Patient be strong and they are mentioned in the Chapter of sleepy Diseases For they draw the stubborn Humors from the Root and cure Diseases which cannot be rooted out with ordinary Medicines In the daies wherein he takes no other Medicine let him take the Cephalick Opiate mentioned in Chap. 1. or the Apoplectick Water or Tabellets or Lozenges for sleepy Diseases formerly mentioned After Universal Medicines we must proceed to Topical or particular Medicines for the part for the stirring up of heat and recalling the Spirits and for drying and discussing in the Spinal Marrow where for the most part the Cause of the Disease lyeth Therefore let the part affected be dayly rubbed with warm cloaths but gently lest that the Natural heat and spirits drawn thither should be again dispersed Also let Cupping glasses be applied to the heads of the Muscles of the part affected and let them be narrow mouthed and applied very hot but let them not stand on very long lest they disperse too much After apply a Plaister of Pitch and the Rozin of the Pine tree that what is drawn thither may be preserved Or rub gently the part benummed with green Nettles or lay on Sinapisms or Medicines of Mustard while the part begins to grow red but you must not let them lie while they make Blisters for so the Spirits and Blood would be dispersed but only til the part made red will not grow white by the impression of the finger but remain red still Afterward anoint the part and the Spinal Marrow with Oyls Oyntments and Balsoms of which there are many forms in Authors The Balsom of Guido which is prepared by the Apothecaries is excellent for this purpose This we use alone or mixed with other Medicines It is made after this manner Take of Oyl of Foxes Earth-worms and Castor of each one ounce of Guido ' s Balsom three ounces of Aqua vitae half an ounce of Oyl of Rosemary distilled one dram and an half Mix them for a Liniment With which anoint all the Spinal Marrow very hot and the parts also resolved covering them with warm cloaths This following Oyntment of Valeriola in his Observations is much commended Take of Sage Marjoram Bettony Bayes Rosemary and Primrose leaves of each one handful of the Roots of Time Acorus or great Galangal and Flower deluce newly gathered of each three ounces of the Oyl of Foxes of Indian Nuts and Rue of each one pound of Oyl of Terepintine half a pound of the strongest Wine one pound of Aqua vitae half a pound Boyl them till the Wine be consumed then strain them and ad of Serapinum or Sagapenum Opopanax and Bdellium of each two drams Castor half an ounce Mace Nutmegs Sâ—yrax Calamita Benjamin of each three â—rams long Pepper and Pellitory of each one dram the grease of an old Cat of a Serpent and a Goose of each one ounce the Marrow of an Ox Bone two ounces the Juyce of Dwarf-Elder Sage and Balm of each four ounces of the best Wax or Bee-glew which the Bees make at their entring into the Hive to keep out the cold two ounces Mix them and with a sufficient quantity of Wax melted into the foresaid Oyls make them into the consistence of a thin Oyntment with which anoint all the back bone warm laying soft wool or linnen cloth warm thereon But an Oyntment of greater effect and less trouble is made in this manner Take of the Juyce of Squils or Sea Onions four ounces the Juyce of Cowcumber and Rue of each one ounce Euphorbium Castor Sagapenum Ammoniacum and Bdellium dissolved in Vinegar of each one dram and an half Mirrh Frankinsence Pellitory and Niter of each one dram the Oyls of Elder Turpentine and Euphorbium of each half an ounce Wax as much as is sufficient Make an Oyntment You must chiefly use the Oyntments in the time of his Diet after the sweating is wiped off and after the time of bathing for then the pores and passages of the Skin being open do more easily receive the Oyntment Let the Linnen cloaths that are used after anointing be warmed with this Fumigation Take of Amber Mastich and Mirrh of each one dram Frankinsence two scruples Cloves Nutmegs Cinnamon and Mace of each half a dram Wood of Aloes half a scruple Pouder them and sprinkle them with the spirit of Wine dry them and do so five times and then make a pouder to be thrown upon Embers If the Disease do not yeild to these Cerats and Emplasters must be laid to the Back Take of the Emplaster of Bettony Melilot and Bay-berries of each one ounce Frankinsence half an ounce Castor and Euphorbium of each one dram the seeds of Nigella or Gith the seeds of Water-cresses and Mustard the Roots of Pellitory and of Sal Niter of each half an ounce with the Oyl of Bricks make them into the form of an Emplaster which apply upon Leather But this following is better Take of Pitch Galbanum Sagapenum and Ammoniacum of each one ounce Pellitory and Mustard seed of each half an ounce Euphorbium two drams yellow Wax three drams With as much Oyl of Turpentine as is sufficient make a Plaister You may also provoke sweat in the part by the fume of the Decoction of Herbs and Roots proper for the Head boyled in white Wine which you must do by putting it into such a Vessel as
the Patient being fasting may sit so covered over it that the Water may not touch him but the vapor only Or you may sweat him with a dry Bath called commonly Stuphes Let the vapor of the former Decoction be received from red hot flints upon which it hath been â—prinkled A Decoction of Burdock and other Dock Roots is much commended for provoking sweat But our women use the Decoction of Danewort called Ebulus for this and diseases of the joynts by which they provoke sweat violently When the Patient hath sweat enough get him to bed and give one dram of Treacle with any proper Water distilled He must bath thus twice or thrice in a week In Autumn he must hold his Limbs in the hot Grapes or Wine-press an hour or two and afterwards anoint them with a proper Oyntment before mentioned this is to be done all the time of the Vintage Lastly Sulphur or Brimstone baths of Niter and Bitumen before mentioned are very agreeable and many times go beyond al other Medicines if the Patient use them some daies for drink bathing and washing the head after that anoâ—nt it with one of the Liniments prescribed The Chymicks â—ave many Remedies for the Cure of this Disease Among which the best are Elixir Propâ—ieâ—aâ—is Spirit of Tartar and Ballom of Galbanum All the time of the Diâ—eaâ—e let the parts affected be wrapt in the skins of Foxes Hairs or Lambs A Palâ—ey which comes from Choller or Melancholly requires the same Cure which is prescribed in the Cure oâ— Hypochondriack Melancholly but when the Disease is more Chollerick you must make choyce of those Medicines which are more cold CHAP. VI. Of a Convulsion SPasmus Cramp or Convulsion is an involuntary and continued retraction of the Nerves and Muscles to their Original Convulsion is two-fold The one Proper to which the Definition mentioned agreeth The other Improper which is called a Convulsive Motion and they are thus distinguished In a true Convulsion the retraction of the Muscles is alwaies but in a Convulsive Motion the retraction is every time new Moreover in a true Convulsion the Limb is immovable in a Convulsive Motion it is moved divers waies as in the Falling-sickness which is the chief of Convulsive Motions They differ also in respect of their Causes for a true Convulsion is either from Fulness or Emptiness but a Convulsive Motion is from Irritation or provocation Lastly they are distinguished in that the true Convulsion comes from the Disease only the Convulsive Motion from the faculty alone Which that Novices may rightly understand they must know that Galen in his Second Book de sympt caus chap. 1. hath thus distinguished the symptoms of a depraved Motion Some saith he are only the work of Nature which is constrained to move so from some violent cause Others accompany diseases Nature not assisting their production Others are by the agreement and concurrence of Nature and the Disease Now Galen by the name of Nature understands a Faculty the Operations of the Faculty are Neesing Coughing Yawning Reaching and Hiccoughs But the operations of the Disease only is Palpitation and Convulsion But the operation of both the Disease and Faculty is Trembling and imperfect Palsey or Resolution From Galens words above mentioned there ariseth a great difficulty when he mentions the Hiccoughs in the operations of the Faculty for it continueth by Irritation or provocation and is a Convulsive Motion But Galen recites a Convulsion among those operations which come only from the Disease Yet Hippocrates in his 39. Aphorism and Sect. 6. affirmeth that the Hiccough and Convulsion come of fulness and emptiness and repletion and inanition or fulness and emptiness make only a true Convulsion For the resolving of which difficulty we say that the word Repletion or fulness in its large sence comprehends Provocation according to many Authors because the provoking causes are material and therefore do in some sort fill the parts in which they are contained but thus Repletion is not the immediate cause of Hiccoughs but the mediate because it doth provoke the part in which it is to expulsion by its quantity or quality Lastly We must know and observe Hippocrates and Galen do declare a Convulsive Motion by the general name of a Convulsion so that they cannot be distinguished but by the differences mentioned Again A true Convulsion is divided into a total one by which almost the whol body is contracted and a partial one which is only in some one Member An Universal or total Convulsion is caused either from the Brain when the Muscles of the Face are pluckt together as well as the whol Body Or from the Spinal Marrow when the Muscles that move the Head and Spina or Back either before or behind or both are pluckt and drawn together Whence arise three kinds of Convulsions The first called Emprostotonos when the Body with the Neck and Head is violently contracted and drawn forward so that the Chin is joyned to the Breast and the Body looks like the keel of a Ship nay it is somtimes like a Bow and somtimes round and the Head of the Patient is joyned to his Knees and then the two Muscles which bend the Head forward are chiefly affected The Second is called Opistotonos when the Body is drawn backward and in that either the twelve Muscles which extend the head or some of them are drawn together The third is called Tetanos when the Muscles both before and behind are equally contracted and the parts drawn by the opposite Muscles being ballanced remain stiff and straight and that is called Motus Tonicus which is a most violent springing from the contention of al the Muscles A Particular Convulsion is made from the contraction of the Muscle of some part coming from the hurt of that Nerve which is ordained for his motion and somtimes it hath a peculiar name from the effect or symptome So the Convulsion of those Muscles which move the Eyes is called Strabismus of the Jaws and Temples is called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Convulsion of the Mouth by Contraction of the broad Muscle on the one side is called Spasmus Cynicus a dog Convulsion and a wresting of the mouth but if the contraction be on both sides it is called Risus Sardonicus or a grinning But the wryness of the mouth may be without a Convulsion namely from the Resolution of one Muscle which being resolved the muscle on the other side draws it to the sound part and there is a distortion or wryness which is improperly called a Convulsion The Convulsion of the muscles of the Yard is called Satyriasis or Priapismus Other Convulsions want proper names But the immediate causes of a Convulsion according to the Opinion of Hippocrates and Galen are Repletion and Inanition or fulness and emptiness as above mentioned And this Opinion is confirmed by the Example of a Lute or Harp strings which use to be stretched which Instance Galen doth bring most elegantly in his Book
of the Spirit of Vitriol which is thought very proper for the Epileply You must often use the common purges namely the Pills or Magistral Syrup once or twice a week if the Patients strength will suffer them and continue purging for divers Months and somtimes use stronger purgâ—s as Massaria ordains who saith it comes from hence that Epilepsies are not or seldom cured because the Physitians alwaies give weak Medicines For this cause the Chymicks use Minerals which draw the Humors from remotest parts but not without much danger especially if they be not well prepared But if good success may be expected from these Chymical Medicines it is to be found in Mercury or Quick-silver either by its self or with Gold calcined in a Furnace of Sand with a long continuance of fire watching narrowly lest any crude portion of him remain which would make the Medicine very violent otherwise it will work gently if given in the quantity of four or five grains in Cochie Pills or any Extract that purgeth flegm or all humors A new Epilepsy is somtimes cured with Salt of Vitriol as Angelus Sala saith that he hath cured at thrice taking of it an Epilepsy giving it every fourth day And after in his 77. Gurat Gent. 2. he boasts that he cured a Girl of eleven yeers of age of an haereditary Epilepsy with Stibium calcined given only thrice Quercitan's Syrup of Tobacco is very good for the Cure of the Epilepsy But it is not to be used but by a wise Physitian it is so vehement Instead of the Opiate before mentioned this may be used which is more Specifical Take of the conserve of Rosemary flowers Peony and Bugloss of each half an ounce Citron barks candied two drams of the pouder of Misleto of the Oak Peony seeds and Elks Claw of each half a dram Mans skull that was not buried calcined white one dram and an half Coral Pearl and Harts-horn prepared of each four scruples right Bezoar stone one scruple Diamoscu dulce Diatrion santalon of each two scruples old Treacle and Confectio de hyacintho of each one dram Spirit of Vitriol fifteen drops With the Syrup of candied Citron barks make an Opiate of which take the quantity of an Acorn or Filbert drinking a little Cinnamon water after it But this following is most powerful for the rooting out of the Disease after the Body is well purged Take of Conserve of Bettony Flowers and Rosemary Flowers of each two ounces and an half Eringus Roots candied and Mithridate of each one ounce the pouder of Sassaphras six drams Castoreum three drams Mans Skull not buried and Elks hoof of each two drams of the roots and seeds of Peony and Gith seeds wild Rue and Pellitory of each one dram Oxymel as much as is sufficient make an Opiate of which take two or three drams The Opiate of Montagnus goes beyond all by which many have been cured It is made thus Take of the Roots of male Peony Stoechas and Pepper-wort of each ten drams Agarick five drams Pellitory Carua seeds Dill Assafoetida and Aristolochia or round Birthwort two drams and an half of the juyce of Squils and Honey of each one pound and two ounces Boyl the Squils and Honey gently to a good consistence then ad the Pouders and make an Electuary of which take two three or four drams as age requires continuing it twenty or thirty daies After the use of the Epispastick Plaister you must apply a Vesicatory to the fore part of the head and a Cautery to the neck But a Seton or Skein of Silk drawn through the neck draws the Humors more strongly out of the Brain And Fabricius Hildanus reports that he cured a Youth that had the Falling-sickness every day and had used all means he could get in vain and a Girl of eighteen yeers of age born so only by the continuance of a Seton If you conjecture that the vapors rising from the parts below and flying into the Brain produce this disease and nourish it it is good to apply a Caustick to the fore part of the head avoiding the Sutures for Carolus Piso reports that he cured two by so doing Also if the Disease come from the inferior parts the Waters of Germany called Aquae Acidulae do work wonders and somtimes root out the Disease if first evacuations have been sufficiently made and the veins inferior have been opened But an Epilepsy coming from the Matrix requires a special Cure The Pouder of Elder Berries described by Quercetanus given three daies together the quantity of a dram with some Hysterical Water is good If al means fail the last remedy is to open the fore part of the Skul with a Trepan at distance from the Sutures that the evil air may breath out By this means many times desperate Epilepsies have been cured and it may be safely done if the Chyrurgeon be skilful Let the Patient drink ordinarily Hydromel or a smal Decoction of Guajacum with Peony Roots Let him carry a Bag about his Neck made thus Take of Peony Roots and Misleto of the Oak of each one ounce Elks hoof two drams Nutmegs Cloves and Mace of each two drams Rue and Hysop of each one dram and an half Pouder them and put them in red Sarsnet to be bung about his neck that he may often smel to it After Universal Evacuations among other Medicines you must use Specifical Medicines which you may find in many Authors We shal set down some of the best besides those Opiates prescribed which are of no smal Consideration in the Cure of this Disease Rondeletius commendeth much the Water of Swallows which Quercetanus borrowed of him in his Dispensatory Treacle Water is of no less value and Aqua Cephalica and Syrupus Antepilepticus mentioned by Quercetanus The Root of wild Valerian is much commended by Fabius Columna that once or twice taken it cures the Epilepsy And he reports he gave it to many of his friends who affirmed that under God they were cured by it The Dose is half a spoonful in Wine Water Milk or any other proper Liquor but it is given to Children in a less quantity in Milk The Chymists commend the Spirital mixture than which no better Medicine can be required as they say The Composition whereof is as followeth Take of the spirit of Vitriol one part spirit of Tartar three parts Treacle Water with Camphire four parts Mix them and let them stand in a glass well stopped three or four weeks The Dose is one dram in any proper Liquor or Vehiculum to swallow it down with Rulandus used much the Oleum ligni Heraclei which the Chymists affirm to be of Coryline or the Oyl of the Hazel-nut or Filbert tree And in his Centuries he relates some passages of them which by the use of the Medicine were cured The Dose is three or four drops in any proper Liquor for five daies together The Oyl of white Amber is inferior to none if not the
what is received into the brain or what is nigh unto it For the most part once bleeding wil not be sufficient in this Disease but twice or thrice or oftener in the beginning or encrease of the Disease you may adventure upon it according to the condition or plenty of the Humor the age temper and strength of the patient If a Phrenzy taketh one that hath a constant Feaver as it is often in the encrease of Feavers or in the state of them when nature is out of order and disturbed by the malignity of that matter which causeth the Disease sendeth Chollerick humors to the head you must again let blood though you have done it before in respect of the Feaver but you must do it sparingly because the strength is abated by the Feaver and former bleeding Therefore at that time open the Head vein or if strength wil not bear that open the Saphena in one foot or both which is approved in such Diseases neither is it less beneficial to open the Hemorrhoid veins by Leeches But in all Bleedings which are made in time of a Delirium you must observe this that the Orifice be not large for then it wil quickly heal and you must bind it up carefully lest the Patient being unruly cause it to bleed again as also 't is very good for the sudden Cure of it to lay a plaister of Aloes white of an Eg and the hair of a Hare After Bleeding provoke sleep For if after bleeding there comes watchfulness the Humors wiâ— be again inflamed and the patient grow worse Sleep is caused by repelling Medicines laid to the forehead which are cooling and narcotick or causing sleep which we shal mention hereafter When you cannot conveniently let blood apply Cupping Glasâ—es with deep Scarrifications first to the lower than to the upper parts and also to the Thighs and other parts without Scarrification Use Frictions in the same parts and use Ligatures to the Legs for reuulsion Apply Vesicatories to the Shoulders and Arms. Give every day a Clyster made of cold and moist things For by these the Acrimony of the Humors is qualified and they are put downwards And they are thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce the Leaves of Mallows Violets Lettice Pellitory Beets of each one handful the flowers of Water-lillies and tops of Dill of each one pugil Prunes six boyl them in Barly water to one pint of the straining ad of Cassia newly drawn and Diaprunes simple of each six drams red Sugar one ounce make a Clyster Use no Oyls in these kind of Clysters because they wil then inflame You must not Purge in a primary Phrenzy such a one as comes not from another Disease but it is good somtimes to Purge when the Phrenzy comes upon a continual Feaver For if there be an evil digestion or ill juyce in the Body and the Phrenzy begin then the matter is wandering and is taken for that which is called Turgent or abounding And therefore by the Counsel of Hippocrates Aphor. 22. Sect. 1. is to be presently evacuated But the Purge must be made of cold things with gentle as Senna Rhubarb Cassia Tamarinds Catholicon and Syrup of Roses Presently after blood letting you must use repelling Medicines which hinder the assent of humors and cool the head as Vinegar of Roses made of Oyl of Roses and Vinegar in time past but now we use distilled Waters and Juyces of Herbs with it and we repel and cool more or less as there is a greater or less flux of humors and inflamation which we must diligently observe Therefore we wil lay down many forms that in particular cases we may chuse those which are most fit Take of Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Rose and Plantane Water of each two ounces lay them on the forehead shaven and with four-folded cloaths Or Take of Rose water four ounces Oyl of Roses two ounces Vinegar of Roses half an ounce two whites of Egs mix them together Or Take of Oyl of Violets and Water-lillies of each half an ounce Rose Lettice and Housleeâ— Water of each two ounces Vinegar half an ounce Or Take of the Juyce of Lettice Purslain Night-shade Penny-grass or Venus-navil of each two ounces Oyl of Roses three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Or Take of Oyl Olive in which Roses are infused one ounce and an half new Poplar Oyntment for the old inflameth one ounce Vinegar of Roses half an ounce one white of an Eg Beat them together and apply them with Flax. The Milk of a Woman which hath brought forth a Girl with the Juyce of Lettice and Oyl of Roses is very excellent Concerning these cooling Medicines you must observe that they be administred warily and with judgment because the Brain is of its own Nature cold and a principal Member therefore it is to be feared left the Patient by too much use thereof should fall into a contrary Disease as a Coma or the like especially if he be weak or old and although they are used somtimes more sometimes less yet the extent of the time of their usage ought not to be above three daies Moreover Those Medicines do stick to the face and eyes therefore you must lay about them a cloth or a little wool in the fore part of the head you must apply them to the middle of the forehead in the sides of the head above the ears in the hinder part about the nape of the neck and towards the crown of the head and these are in Winter to be applied hot in Summer cold as Galen saith 2. de comp med cap. 2. But it is best in old and weak people never to apply them actually cold If the Inflamation cometh to the Skin as it somtimes doth then we must avoid repelling Medicines especially those that are strong lest the matter driven to the Brain should augment the Disease You must apply cloths wet in Rose-water and Vinegar to the neck to hinder the humors from flying into the head Causticks applied to the Legs do very well for revulsion or drawing down of the humor to the inferior parts While these things are doing you must use al those things which do cool the whol Body especially the principal parts both internally and externally Inwardly you must use Juleps Emulsions and Electuaries Take of the distilled Waters of Lettice Purslain Roses and wild Poppies of each three ounces Syrup of Violets and Pomegranates of each one ounce and an half Sal Prunellae three drams Make a Julep for three Doses to be taken twice or thrice in a day Or Take of Lettice Purslain and Plantane of each two handfuls Water Lillies and Violet flowers of each a pugil Boyl them in Barley Water to one pint and being strained dissolve in it Syrup of Violets three ounces Sal Prunellae three drams Make a Julep for three doses or draughts It is very good to put to your Juleps besides the Sal prunellae the spirit of
of Chamomel and of Dill mixed with Oyl of Roses But among Resolving Medicines the chiefest are Creatures newly killed and applied to the head or pieces of them as yong Pidgeons Chickens Puppies cut along the Back and Sheeps Lights for they fortifie the part with their Natural heat discuss the humor and qualifie the sharpness thereof Which things if you have tried one or two daies and have found no benefit Mercatus teacheth to apply a Cupping glass to the crown of the head that the humors may breath through the Sutures into the Skin and if it appearâ—red and be swelled under the Cupping glass to scarifie This Counsel he saith if followed wil do good when al things besides fail especially if you bath presently after with sweet Water in which you have boyled some discussing Medicines But he adviseth that this be not used in Phrenzies that come from other Feavers but only in that which beginneth of its self This Remedy is confirmed by Zacutus Lucitanus who saies that he cured a most desperate Phrenzy by applying a Cupping Glass to the fore part of the Head with Scarrification Some are so bold as to apply Vesicatories or Medicines to raise Blisters to the fore part of the Head which they say hath somtimes had success But this requires extraordinary premeditation before it be used For his Drink let the Patient use Barley Water or Water made of Sorrel Roots with Syrup of Pomegranates Barberries or Lemmons or let him drink this following Infusion Take of Spring Water two pints the Leaves of Sorrel and wild Poppies of each half a handful the Flowers of Borrage Water-lillies and Violets of each half a pugil the spirit of Vitriol one dram red Sanders rasped two scruples Let them be infused for some hours cold then strain them with a Cap paper and ad as much Sugar as is sufficient to make it pleasant There is in this Disease for the most part a stoppage of Urine because the Patient neglecteth to make it from whence those parts that contain it are distended and bring so great an Inflamation that it alone is able to bring death to the Patient Therefore you must often call upon the Patient to make water and you must foment the place where the Bladder lieth with warm Water and drive the Urine forth by the compression of the hand But if the Symptomes do not yeild to these light Medicines you must proceed to stronger Take of the Leaves of Pellitory of the wall two handfuls Parsley with its roots one handful Boyl them and after they are strained ad three ounces of the Oyl of Scorpions and foment the hairy place of the Privities therewith Let the remainder of this Decoction after the straining be fryed in a pan with the Oyl of Scorpions and applied to the same part after the Fomentation If you desire a stronger Decoction ad the Seeds of Smallage Parsley Gromwel Seselis or large and broad Cummin of each two drams You may also profitably apply this following Oyntment after the Fomentation Take of the Fat of a Rabbit and of Oyl of Scorpions of each two ounces Smallage Seeds Parsley seeds Asarabacca and Cummin seeds finely poudered of each half a dram Make an Oyntment Chap. XII Of the Imposthume and Spacelus or Mortification of the Brain THe Imposthume and Mortification of the Brain is described by few Authors although it was observed by Hippocrates in his 3. Book of Diseases and happeneth somtimes in Practice and deluding those Physitians who are not well grounded making them conceive it to be another Disease Now a Spacelus or Mortification of the Brain is a suppuration or corruption or matter of the substance of the Brain which is called a Gangrene Syderation or blasting of the Brain The Immediate cause whereof is an Inflamation of the substance of the Brain which is distinguished from a Phrenzy in this In a Phrenzy the Membranes are chiefly inflamed and they do communicate an inflamation to the external part adjoyning but in this Disease the inward parts of the Brain are inflamed and the whol substance thereof is putrified for so great an inflamation in a most tender part and moist will quickly produce a Spacelus or Mortification The Cause of this Inflamation is Blood over-heated or over chollerick running into the Body and internal parts of the Brain The Primary Causes are all such things as produce hot and much Blood in the whol Body which is sent to the Brain as violent Exercise the heat of the Sun heat of the head by Fire Wrath and the like But great Wounds do more usually produce this Disease as also Contusions But a Spacelus or Imposthume coming from a Wound or Contusion is different from the former in this An Imposthume made by a Fall or Contusion doth nâ— possess so many parts of the Brain but for the most part adhaereth to one Hence the Symptomes are higher especially in the beginning and the Diâ—eâ—â—e continueth longer The Sâ—gns of an Imposthume or Spacelus which cometh without a Wound or Contusion are these In the beginning there is a great Head-ach which is communicated by the hinder part of the head to the neck and all the back after which comes a general decay of all the Sences both internal and external as in an Apoplexy from which it is distinguished by the Signs hereafter mentioned The Patient is tossed to and fro and cannot remain in the same place he layeth hold with his hands upon his head and desires to tear and scratch his face plucking his hair but as the Disease enâ—reaseth his Body groweth faint and cannot use such violence A most sharp and strong Feaver alwaies accompanyeth this Disease which comes from the great Inflamation of the brain Lastly In this Disease the Patient never takes meat or drink neither can you take any course to give them any thing and therefore their strength soon faileth An Imposthume by a Wound or Contusion is known by these signs following After the Wound or Contusion is received there is a kind of numbness and sadness in the Body the Animal Spirits beginning to be weakened by the matter which is got out of its Vessel When the Disease encreaseth there ariseth a kind of Feaver when the matter begins to putrifie thence comes head-ach and drouziness after when putrefaction is encreased al the symptomes grow stronger the Feaver sharper the Patient rising from sleep suddenly roareth out and then presently lyeth down again he often brings his hand to his head Hence it is that many before they die do send forth filthy green matter out of their mouth and nose As to the Prognostick part thus This Disease is most dangerous and commonly deadly even in three daies space as Hippocrates sheweth in his 51. Aphorism Sect. 7. saying That they who have a mortified and putrified brain die in three daies but if they live longer they recover Galen in his Comments teacheth that we are not to understand here by a
of the inferior parts Let his Belly be alwaies kept loose and let him avoid disturbance of mind The course of Diet being thus ordered you must begin your Cure from Universal Evacuation And first you must purge with the following Medicine Take of clean Senna half an ounce Fennel seeds one dram the Leaves of Bettony Eyebright and Vervain of each half a handful Liquoris three drams Boyl them to three ounces Dissolve in the straining three drams of Diaphaenicon Syrup of Roses one ounce Make a Potion and give it in the morning with orderly Government After this first Purge let the Physitian consider seriously with himself whether he may bleed or not For it is disallowed in this case by almost all Practitioners because it is a Chronical Disease of long continuance coming of a cold distemper and of a flegmy humor Hence they fear least by blood-letting the Brain should be made more cold and so beget more flegm and least the conjunct cause of the Disease should be more incressated or thickened and so become more difficult to be discussed and dissipated But although their Opinion may take place as to old men and such as are of a Phlegmatick Constitution yet it is not to be admitted to them that are yong or of a hot Constitution especially if there be manifest signs that blood doth predominate for then there is no doubt but seasonable blood-letting may much profit Nay where the aforesaid signs of blood do appear it is profitable in the judgment of Paulus and Aetius after the Vein in the Arm is opened to open the particular Veins of the Head and those which are neerest the Eyes namely the Frontal and Temple Veins and those which are in the corners of the Eyes neer the root of the Nose But you may better apply Hors-leeches to the Forehead as also behind the Ears Some Practitioners do relate that some by a wound in the Forehead have been cured of blindness In which it is most probable that the cause of their blindness was the compression of the optick Nerves by the Veins and Arteries adjoyning and swelling with too much blood which the Wounds aforesaid emptied forth Whence Spigelius as Plempius reports in his Book of the Eyes was wont in Gutta serena with good success to open the middle Vein in the Forehead and let it bleed while it stop of it self But if the suppression of the terms went before this Disease you must draw blood from the lower veins or apply Leeches to the Hemorrhoids if the Patient had formerly a flux thereof which then is stopped or if he have a very hot Liver or be of a melancholly temper Afterwards the whole body is to be more exactly purged by this following Apozeme Take of Fennel Roots and Sarsaparilla and Flower-de-luce-roots and Elicampane roots of each one ounce the Leaves of Bettony Marjoram Balm Eyebright Fennel Vervain and Celendine the great of each one handful Liquoris sliced and Raisons of the Sun stoned of each one ounce Annis-seed and Fennel-seed of each three drams clensed Senna two ounces Gummy Turbith and Agerick newly made into Troches of each two drams Ginger and Cloves of each one scruple flowers of Stoechas Rosemary and Lavender of each one small handful Boyl them in five quarters that is a pint and a quarter of water dissolve in the straigning four ounces of white sugar make an Apozeme clarifie it and perfume it with two drams of the best cinnamon for four mornings draughts After the Apozeme is done let him take these Pills Take of the mass of Pill Lucis major and Cochia the less of each half a dram malax them with Bettony water make six guilded Pills thereof which let him take early in the morning After this general Evacuation the antecedent Cause is to be revelled and the conjunct Cause is to be derived and discussed For this Frictions of the extream parts especially beneath are to be used every morning Cupping-Glasses must be applied to the shoulders and back without sacrification especially to the hinder part of the Head with scarification for they do so powerfully draw the humors from the fore-parts and the principle of the Nerves that some presently after the application thereof have recovered their sight At the same time apply a Vesicatory to the hinder part of the neck and let the Blysters that are raised be kept long open with Beet or Colewort Leaves often applied When the Vesicatory is dried up apply a Caustick to the hinder part of the head or neck between the second or third Vertebra or as it is now most usual apply two Causticks to the Neck behind upon the fourth and fifth Vertebra so that the back bone may lie untouched between them and both may be Cured with one Playster Instead of Cauteries a Seton applied to the same part is most efficacious but the tenderness of our Country men hath almost abolished the use thereof If the aforesaid Cauteries avail not you may lay a potential Cautery to the Coronal Suture which sometimes hath done the work when other Remedies have failed When these things are doing presently after universal Evacuation by seege you must order a sweating Diet of the Decoction of Guajacum Sassaphras and the Roots of Sarsa according to the method prescribed by us in the Cure of the Cold distemper of the Brain Observing this That towards the end of the Sudorifick Decoction you and those things which peculiarly respect the Eyes as Vervain Fennel Eyebright and Celondine the greater And for the better drying of the Brain let the Bags prescribed in the Chapter above mentioned be applied to the Temples if you fear not an inflamation Also after the Sudorifick Diet it is very convenient to use Sulpherous and Bituminous Baths and washings of the head because they are very proper for the correcting of a Cold and Moist Distemper for the consuming of Flegm and strengthening the brain Besides the universal Evacuation of the body and Head particular may be ordered as Medicines that cause spitting called Apophlegmatisin by which the Rhewm is brought out of the Brain by the Pallate which may be made either in the â—orm of a Gargarism or Masticatory according to the forms prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the brain Errhins and Sternutatories or Neesings are condemned by almost al Practitioners in this Disease because they draw humors to the eyes but yet if some of the milder and gentler sort be used after an exact purging of the whose body and head for some few dayes they may be profitable in regard they may by degrees draw forth and derive the humor which causeth the Disease and is fastned in the Optick Nerves nor can they fetch any thing from the profound part of the brain to the fore-parts Otherwise in every derivation which is an evacuation by the part affected or that which is neer unto it we should alwayes fear lest there should be an attraction to the part affected
make use of this following Collyrium oâ— Water for the Eyes Take of red Roses dried two scruples Saffron Spicknard the Bark of the Frankinsence Tree of each half a scruple Tutty prepared burnt lvory and Acacia of each one scruple Bring them into a Pouder and put them in a thin linnen cloth and tie it then hang it in three ounces of Rose Water and wash the Eyes often with the Water dropping into them squeezing the cloth as often as you use the Water If it comes from wind after universal Evacuations those Medicines are to be used which discuss wind in the whol Body and especially in the Eyes and so they may be fomented with the Decoction of Fennel Rue Dill red Roses Myrtles made in Rose Water with the fourth part of white Wine Finally If it come with a stroak you must alter the manner of Cure according to the greatness of the Contusion and if there be an Inflamation you must cure it as an Opfithalmy But if there be no Inflamation you shall at the first apply a Cataplasm of Bean flower Plantane Leaves and red Roses made up with Rose Water After that you shall often drop therein the blood of a Pidgeon which is a most excellent Remedy in all Wounds and Contusions of the Eyes CHAP. VI. Of the straitness or Contraction of the Pupilla THe Pupilla being too straight hindereth the sight as the being of it too large as was shewed in the former Chapter because a moderate largeness of the Pupilla is necessary for receiving perfectly the visible Species So when the Eye is in its Natural condition and is in a light place the Pupilla is contracted lest it should take in too much light if suddenly it be in a dark room the things therein contained are little or scarcely seen at the first entrance by reason of the aforesaid contraction Afterwards when the Pupil is dilated al things are seen rightly therefore in a place moderately light the breadth of the Pupilla ought to be moderate that it may receive moderate light not too much nor too little for making a perfect sight But if the Pupilla be too narrow it receiveth not light enough therefore they who are so affected the sight is diminished yet they see well in a very light place because at that time light sufficient will pass through a narrow hole if no other Disease of the Eyes be joyned with it Now the narrowness of the Pupilla cometh either from the original or first constitution and then it little hindereth for if they who are so affected see less in a dark or dusky place than they who have a Pupilla of its moderate natural breath yet in a clear light place they see better Hence Galen said in 1. de symp caus cap. 2. that they who are born with smal Pupilla's see best Or the straightness of the Pupilla comes from preternatural causes namely overmuch moisture driness or defect of the Watery Humor and want of Spirits The Pupil is contracted by humidity when the Uvea is relaxed and so makes the hole less or narrower For although the dilatation of the Pupilla come of the same humidity yet contrary effects come not of the same cause because if the cause may be called the same it ought to have the same reâ—ation to its effects but humidity is not in the same manner when it makes a Dilatation for it makes â—hat by filling and distending the Membrane but it makes the angustia or narrowness by relaxing it 〈◊〉 relaxeth when it is united to its substance Concerning dryness there is the same difficulty since it is mentioned among the causes of dilating â—he Pupilla But this is the difference When the Uvea is dryed and the humors of the Eye remain in their due quantity then it makes a dilatation of the Pupilla because it looseth not the extention which it formerly had as was said in the precedent Chapter concerning Skins extended when dryed make their holes larger but if the Tunicle Uvea when it is dryed wrinckled falls together and loose its former extension from the defect or diminishing of the humors of the eye then is the hole of the Pupilla made straighter And so the constriction of the Pupilla by driness wil be almost the same with that which happeneth from a defect of the watery humor in the eye although it may come without driness when by the powring forth of the watery humor the Uvea falls down Lastly she narrowness of the Pupilla comes from the defect of Spirits or from the fewness of them when by reason of the obstruction of the optick Nerve or some other cause the visive spirit cannot come to the eyes which when it is filled with spirit keeps its Tunicles extended but when it wanteth spirits they grow lax and fal together Hence the constriction of the Pupilla usually cometh This appeareth in very Old men in whom the Pupilla is made narrow by reason of the want of spirits This Disease is known easily being open to the sense for if one eye alone suffer by comparing it with the other you may perceive the straightness of the Pupilla but if both suffer by looking upon the eyes of another man who is sound sighted you find it out As to the Prognostick a straightness in the Pupilla which cometh from the loss of the watery humor in the eye is incurable because when that is once lost it cannot be recruited especially in old folk in yong people somtimes the watery humor of the eye hath been let forth by a wound and hath been repaired again A Constriction of the Pupilla from driness can scarse and very hardly be cured But that which comes from moisture in the beginning and being yong may be easily Cured but an old one very hardly The Cure of this Disease differeth not from the former for they come both from the same Causes namely Driness or Moisture which distempers although they produce contrary effects after the manner before Explained yet are they to be Cured by the same Remedies CHAP. VII Of Albugo or the white Spot called Pin and Web and of other Colours of the Cornea changed THe Natural Constitution of the Cornea Tunicle is destroyed when it looseth its brightness and transparentness or when it s infected with another colour It looseth brightness when it is grown thicker now the Cornea doth grow thick by driness as in old men which is incurable or by gross humors fastened upon it which happeneth often in an Ophthalmy when either by too much use of Resolving Medicines the thinner parts of the humor are dissolved and the thick remain Or when by an extraordinary use of cold Medicines the humors are thickned and the Cornea doth not only become thicker in that part unto which the humor is fastened but it also contracteth a white Colour which is called Leucoma or Albugo somtimes this also comes from a scar after an Ulcer whereby the Cornea is made thicker in
the Cure of the Ophthalmy must here be used Afterwards we must apply Topicks or Medicines to the part which at the first must gently repel and discuss such as were laid down for them in the treaty of the encrease of Ophthalmy which are most proper when there is an Inflamation also as it often falleth out Afterwards you may uâ—e more drying and dissolving Medicines such as are described for the state and declination of Ophthalmy and especially the Oyntments there set down which are very proper to discuis and dry up Pustles Chap. 11. Of the Vlcers in the Cornea and Adnata AFter an Ophthalmy there followeth often Ulcers in the Tunicles called Cornea and Adnata when it comes to suppuration They follow also the Phlyctaenae or Pustles which bred in the Cornea but not till they break They also use to come from sharp corroding humors flowing into the Eyes There are divers sorts of these Ulcers mentioned in Authors taken from their divers circumstances as they are superncial or profound broad or narrow and according as they differ in shape and figure and the like So a hollow narrow and hard Ulcer is called Bothrion or Fossula like a little trench A broad and not so deep an Ulcer is called Coil oma That which cometh in the Circle Iris is called Argemon or Vlcus Coronale Finally that which is deep and hard is called Epicayma and Egcayma The knowledg of Ulcers is easie for they may be seen If the Ulcer be in the Cornea there will be a smal white blemish in the black of the Eye if in the Adnata there wil be a smal white blemish in the white of the Eye because the Veins of the Tunicle Adnata are ful of blood The Ulcer of the Eyes are dangerous and hard to be cured but more in the Cornea than in the Adnata An Ulcer in the Pupilla is more dangerous because after it is cured it wil leave a Scar which wil hinder the perspicuity of the Cornea and so the sight wil be hurt and if the whol Tunicle be corroded the Watery Humor wil flow out and the Uvea start forth The Cure of this Disease as of other Ulcers is By clensing and drying means but they must be very gentle by reason of the tenderness of the part and exquisitness of the sence But you must first use such things as revel and hinder the flux or humors from the Eyes as in Ophthalmy either old or new were declared And if there be an Inflamation with it you mix must things that are proper for that With which also you may use things that asswage pain if there be any These things do moderately dry and clense Sugar Honey Saffron Mirrh Frankinsence Aloes Sarcocol Tutty and Ceruss of which you may make these following Medicines Take of Barley and Foenugreek Water boyled four ounces the best Honey half an ounce or of the Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Make a Collyrium to wash the Eyes often Take of Vervain and Plantane Water of each two ounces Sugar candy half an ounce Mix them for a Collyrium Take of the Water of Honey distilled in Balneo and of Rose water of each equal parts Or Take a hard Egg peel'd cut it in two pieces and taking out the Yolk fill the hollow with the pouder of Sugar candy tie it fast and hang it in a Wine Celler and you shall have a Water drop from it which is excellent to clense the Eyes without pain But if you wil have it stronger mix the Pouder of Mirch with your Sugar candy Montanus highly commends this Pouder following Take Twenty Whites of new laid Eggs put them in a pewter dish in the Sun till they are dry then pouder them finely with as much Sugar and this pouder put into the Eyes doth much good without causing pain In the Progress of this Disease if you will clense and dry more put to the former Medicines the white Troches of Rhasis Frankinsence Aloes Mirrh Sarcocol or the like but in a smal quantity lest it be too sharp and also mix them with Milk white of an Eg some Mucilages and other Anodines or things that mitigate and asswage pain Tutty is the best for it causeth no pain and dryeth and healeth therefore Collyriums or Unguents are good that are made thereof And chiefly the Oyntment prescribed in the cure of Ophthalmy which hath in it a great quantity of Tutty This following is very clensing drying and healing Take of Sarcocol steep'd in Rose Water Ceruss and washed Aloes Mirrh and Tutty prepared of each half a dram Sugar candy one dram With the Mucilage of Gum Traganth drawn with Rose Water make a Collyrium with which anoint the Eye-lids Chap. 12. Of a Cancer in the Cornea AS a Cancer may come in other parts so somtimes it breeds in the Eyes And though the knowledg and Cure of a Cancer is in the Treatise of external Diseases yet we wil speak briefly here of those things which properly belong to a Cancer in the Eye A Cancer is either occult or hidden or ulcerated The occult is reckoned among Tumors and it is called a Cancerous Tumor or Cancer of the Eye But the ulcerated is called a Cancerous Ulcer in the Eye But in both there is an unequal hardness a blew Lead color a strong pricking pain especially about the Head and Temples the Veins adjoyning are blew and very full Somtimes adust and sharp blood floweth from the part affected when the Cancer is ulcerated And this pain is encreased by any warm Medicines This Disease is incurable as wel in the Eye as in any other part when it is fixed except it be taken away by manual operation Authors propound two waies of Cure namely a True and a Palliative A true Cure as was said cannot be wrought but by Chyrurgery when the Cancer is fixed but when it is new in the beginning it may be cured by often evacuation of the Chollerick humor first having let blood as Galen teacheth 2. ad Glauconem cap. 10. where he boasteth that he hath often cured this disease adjoyning a convenient Diet with the aforesaid Physick A Palliative Cure which tends only to the mitigation of Symptoms is done not only by the aforesaid Evacuations ' but also by convenient Topicks First then you must appoint a convenient Diet such as is good against burnt Cholleâ— and it must be cooling and moistning Then draw Blood on the same side and apply Horsleeches behind the Ears and also to the Hemorrhoids if they do appear applying Cupping Glasses to the Shoulders and use other kinds of Revulsions You must also prepare and Purge Melancholly by Potions Apozemes opening Broaths by Magistral Syrups and the like But above al for the purging of Melancholly black Hellebor wel prepared is the best and by giving the Extract thereof twice or thrice we have somtimes cured a Cancer in the beginning These Remedies do exceedingly diminish the Humors that flow to the Eyes and take away
pains and other Symptoms for which purpose also Topicks are good such as are prescribed in Ophthalmy for asswaging of pain especially the Collyria made of Mucilages the white Troches of Rhasis and prepared Tutty with the water of Roses Nightshade and Plantane This following Water is a good Collyrium to wash the Eye with Take of the Roots of Pilewort and herb Robert of each two handfuls Ribwort Nightshade Borrage Bugloss Purslain Eyebright and Bettony of each one handful green Frogs and whites of Eggs of each twelve in number the seeds of Foenugreek and Quinces of each one ounce let the Roots and Seeds be bruised and the Leaves Cut then pour upon them of Eyebright and Rosewater of each one pint mix them and Distil them in a pewter Still The flesh of Chickins is very powerful to alswage pain and some say that the Disease it self hath been Cured by it alone So Maritius Cordaeus Comment 7. in lib. 1. Hipp. of Womens Diseases relates a history of a noble Woman who had the right side of her face a long time infected with a Cancer ulcerated and having tryed al means she could from Italian French German and Spanish Physitians was at length Cured with this vulgar Medicine by a Barber He took Chickins and cut them in thin broad pieces which he often applied to the Cancer Others apply the flesh of yong Pigeons so cut while it is warm Finally The true Cure of a fixed Cancer is only by taking it out by the roots and is by a taking out of the Eye which Fabricius Hildanus saith may be done very safely and he sheweth the manner and Circumstances thereof at large Observ 1. Cent. 1. so that we shal not here Repeaâ— them Chap. 13. Of the Rupture of the Cornea SOmtimes the Cornea Tunicle is so divided that the watery Humor and somtimes the Vvea also cometh forth and this is called the Rupture of the Cornea The Cause of this is an Ulcer or Wound in the Membrane or a great afflux of Humors by which the said Membrane is so distended that it cracks in the middle and the Humors conteined are let ouâ— As Paraeus reports it happened to a certain Woman in Paris lib. 16. cap. 13. This Disease is for the most part incurable and takes away sight because the Humors of the eye cast forth cannot be repaired but if the Wound be smal so that only a portion of the watery Humor is only lost it may be Cured for the watery humor may somtimes be renewed as Galen taught 4. de â—ymp caus cap. 2. You must use Astringent and Glutinating Medicines having first Bled and Purged if necessary as the white of an Egg with the white Troches of Rhasis dropt into the Eye Let the part be Fomented with a Decoction of red Roses of Solomons Seal Bramble buds shepheards-purse and Plantane boyled in red Wine if there be no inflamation but if there be in spring water Take of Quinces half a pound red Roses three pugils Acacia two drams Saffron one scruple boyl these in red Wine and make a Cataplasm to be applied to the part For the perfect Consolidation and Cure use this Collyrium Take of washed Aloes Tutty prepared and Sarcocol steept in breast Milk of each half a scruple Saffron five grains with the Mucilage of Gum Traganth make a Collyrium Chap. 14. Of the Coming forth of the Uvea UPon the Rupture of the Cornea often comes the shooting forth of the Vvea which is called in Greek Propto sis Ragoidous there are four kinds mentioned by Authors especially by Paulus of which the first is called Muâ—cephalon because it is like the head of a Fly and this is when a smal portion of the Vvea comes forth The second is called Staphuloma and this is when a great part of the Vvea comes forth so that it is like the stone of a Raison The third is called Melos when there is so great eruption of the Vvea that it seems like an Apple The fourth is called Elos or Clavus when the Vvea being come forth groweth hard The Cure of this Disease is Difficult and the more when the Vvea comes most forth but when it is smal as in Muocephalon it is Curable by moderate astringents such as we prescribed in the Rupture of the Cornea The Antients as Paulus Aetius and Celsus do labor to Cure them when old and not moveable by Medicines with Chirurgery but this is now out of fashion by reason of its great difficulty and doubtful success but if any wil try it he shal find the way exactly set down in Jerom. Fabricius ab Aquapendente cap. destaphylomate Chap. 15. Of Aegylops and Fistula Lacrymalis HItherto we have spoken of the Diseases of the Eyes which happen in the humors and upon the Tunicles it remaineth that we speak of the Diseases of the Corners of the Eyes and Eye-lids And first of the Tumor in the great Corner of the Eye by the Root of the Nose called Aegylops and Anchylops if not broken This little Tumor is either with or without Inflamation When it is inflamed it is like a smal Phlegmon or Bile red about with a shooting pain And it comes of thin and chollerick blood that flows into the part by the veins of the Temples Fore-head and Face and so impostumateth which being open produceth an Ulcer which speedily turns hollow and then it is called Fistula Lachrymalis And if this continueth one yeer there is a Caries or foulness of the Bone as Hippocrates saith 45. Sect. 6. In Ulcers of a yeer old the Bone is foul And this Caries is known by the Cavity which is known by the finger and by the stinking Matter flowing from it Somtimes it comes without Inflamation and then it is bred of a thick slimy Humor like Pulse or Hony As the Tumors called Atheromata Steaâ—omata Meliceris which are without pain The Cure of an Aegylops is very hard both in regard Medicines are ill to be applied to it by reason the sight is so nigh and because an Impostume wil quickly Ulcerate in such a tender part as aforesaid But it is most difficult when the Impostume breaks out at the Nose and the Matter flows through the Nostrils because thereby the Bones wil be putrified Somtimes Aegylops turns to a Cancer which comes with a pricking pain extension of the veins hardness and blewness of the skin and then it is better to let it alone because Medicines wil enlarge it and encrease pain A Lachrymal Fistula that is newly begun and which hath an external orifice to be seen is cureable by Medicines but that which is deep and old and hath fouled the Bone is scarcely Cured without burning The divers times of these Diseases require divers Medicines And First in the beginning of an Aegylops you must revel the defluxion from the part by bleeding and purging and use repelling Medicines to the Forehead by which somtimes the Progress is stopt before it come to suppuration
For this end use the following Ceratum Take of Pomegranate-peels Acacia Pomegranate flowers Galls Cypress-nuts Roch-Alum Bole-Armenick of each one dram white Wax four ounces Turpentine three drams Make a Cerate After the use of Repercussives you must apply Resolvers to the part affected as this Decoction Take of pure Honey and Aloes of each two ounces Mirrh one ounce Saffron one dram and an half Water two pints Boyl them gently to the consumption of half dip a piece of soft Spunge therein squeeze it a little and apply it hot to the part bind it on and do thus often Amatus Lucitanus Curatione 68. Cent. 5. prescribes a Cerat against Aegylops which he highly commends which is this Take of the Pouder of Cockle shels two drams Mirrh washed Aloes and Frankinsence of each half an ounce Sarcocol Dragons blood and Ceruss of each three drams Opopanax dissolved in Wine Vinegar and Blood-stone of each one dram and an half Saffron two scruples Wax and Rozin of each three ounces Mix them according to art at the fire and make a Cerate to be applied to the corner of the Eye If the Tumor wil not be resolved with the former Medicines but wil come to suppuration you must help it forward with a Plaister of Simple Diachylon or if there be pain or inflamation you may apply a Cataplasm of Crums of Bread If it wil not break open it with a Lancet and delay not least the matter contained do corrode the parts and make an incurable Fistula Many open it with a hot Iron but the cold is best After the imposthume is opened you must clense the Ulcer and heal it as others But if it fistulate cure it thus First make a general Evacuation by bleeding and purging You must divert the defluxion from the Head by Cupping-glasses Vesicatories and Causticks applied to their proper places and then use the decoction of China or Sarsaparilla for many daies And at the same time dry the Brain with Fumes and Head Pouders as in a Catarrh Instead of a Cautery you may apply a Seton to the Neck for Fabricius Hildanus reports Obs 41. Cent. 1. that it hath done it alone without other means If the distemper of the Liver be the Cause of the defluxion as it often is you must have a special care to administer Medicines proper for that When you use Topicks open the orifice of the Ulcer and dilate it by degrees with a Tent made of an Elder pith a spunge made fit or a Gentian Root When it is large enough apply this following Medicine commended by Forestus Obs 17. Lib. 11. Take of Honey two ounces Verdegreece one dram Water of Rue four ounces Pouder the Verdegreece very fine and boyl it with the rest at a gentle fire till the third part be consumed and make a warm injection of the strained Liquor with a Syringe if this be too sharp wash the Vlcer every day with the Water of Rue and after apply a little Unguentum Apostolorum Continue this course for three weeks laying on some convenient Plaister and defending the Eye with Rose Water When the Ulcer is sufficiently purged use this following Collyrium to incarnate and cicatrize Take of Frankinsence Aloes Dragons blood Pomegranate flowers Allum and Antimony of each one dram Verdegreece five grains Pouder them fine and with Rue Water make a Collyrium to be dropt in with a stalk of Rue thrice in a day and put in a tent wet therewith laying upon it a Diapalma Plaister Lessen your Tent by degrees and at length take it quite out only washing the part with the aforesaid Collyrium and laying on Diapalma Forestus in the place cited saith that new fistulaes have been cured thus by a famous Chyrurgeon of his time If it appear that the bone be foul it must only be cured by an actual Cautery the manner of which is exactly described in Paraeus Fallopius and Aquapendente in their Works But Fabricus Hildanus Obs 22. Cent. 5. boasteth that he cured a Fistula lachrymalis with foulness at the Bone that was four yeers old and counted desperate in a child of thirteen yeers of age with Medicines alone dilating of it with prepared Spunges and after sprinkling Euphorbium into it and that very much and often and after applying only an Emplaister of Gum Elemi Having used these things diligently for the space of divers weeks he perceived a scale of the Bone which he drew forth and then with half a drop of Tolutan Balsom upon a little Lint once in a day conveyed into the Ulcer he perfectly consolidated the Fistula in a short time Chap. 16. Of Rhyas and Encanthis ANother Disease often followeth the Fistula Lachrymalis called Rhyas and this is the consuming or diminishing of the smal flesh in the great corner of the Eye from whence it is enlarged This comes also of other Causes as sharp humors falling upon the part or from clensing Medicines formerly misapplyed Encanthis is contrary to Rhyas which is the immoderate encrease and swelling of the Caruncle or little flesh in the great corner of the Eye and this comes from much blood flowing to the part and the not orderly curing and drying up of the Ulcer The Cure of Rhyas is by Incarnatives such as follow Take of red Roses one pugil Cypress Nuts and Myrtles of each two drams Aloes one dram and an half old Wine one pint Boyl them till the fourth part be consumed wash the part often with this Decoction Or Take of Aloes and Frankinsence of each one dram Dragons blood half a dram red Roses and seeds of Sumach of each one scruple Rose Water one pint boyl them to the consumption of the fourth part Make a Collyrium Encanthis is cured by taking away of the superfluous flesh growing in the corner of the Eye this is done with eating Medicines beginning with the mildest first therfore first use burnt Allum after proceed to Apostolorum Aegyptiacum or burnt Vitriol But if these will not do cut it out or burn it with an Iron But before you do these things you must prepare the Body with convenient Evacuations least you cause a new defluxion but in the cutting burning or consuming of this Caruncle with Medicines you must take heed that you take it not wholly away but only that which is superfluous otherwise it wil turn to Rhyas Chap 17 Of Epiphora THe word Epiphora signifieth any Defluxion into any part But through custom it is used especially for the defluxion of a thin Rhewm from the Eyes hence it is called involuntary weeping which flows dayly from the corners of the Eyes For the producing of which Humor flowing preternaturally there is an evil disposition in the part from whence it cometh and in the part receiving it the part that sends this humor is the Brain which when it is too hot or too cold gathereth a watery Humor and so sends it to the inferior parts which are fit to receive it The part receiving is the Glandle
concerning the Ulcer of the Nostrils and Ozaena The Second of Sarcoma and Polypus The Third of the loss of Smelling The Fourth of the Stink of the Nose The Fifth of Coryza The Sixth of Neezing The Seventh of Bleeding at the Nose Chap. 1. Of the Vlcer of the Nostrils and Ozaena THe Ulcer of the Nostrils is either New and Simple or Old and Stinking This last is called Ozaena The New Ulcer which is Simple either comes of External Cause as a Wound or Contusion Or from an Internal Cause as the sharpness of Humors flowing to the part especially salt Flegm coming from the Brain Ozaena cometh from a simple Ulcer neglected or from the Malignity and Acrimony of the Cause by which it becometh putrid and filthy The Diagnosis of both is this a Simple Ulcer Causeth little or no pain but only sends forth blood often especially when it is meddled or tampered withal otherwise is is covered with a dry black Scab which somtimes is cast forth But Ozaena Causeth great pain the Scab is fouler as also Stinking Matter cometh from it The Patient is not only annoyed therewith but noysom unto others and the Greeks cal it Ozaena from the stink Often this Ulcer creepeth or either eateth the Gristle of the Nose or the parts between or the tender Bones thereof and putrifieâ—h them and somtimes destroyeth the Pallat especially if it turn to a Cancer or if it come from the French Pox as it often doth or from an Elephantiasis As for the Prognostick Ulcers that are New and come from a gentle Humor that hath little Malignity are easily Cured but Old Ulcers that are sordid and putrid are hardly Cured and if they turn into a Cancer never If they come of the French Pox or Elephantiasis they cannot be Cured except those Diseases be first Cured For the Cure First you must appoint a good Diet which may asswage the sharpness of the Humors and hinder the breeding of them then you must Evacuate the whole Body by Bleeding convenient Purging and by Cupping Glasses with Scarrification And if the Defluxion of Humors into the Nostrils be very stubborn it must be derived by Vesicatories and Causticks applied to the hinder parts and then you must give things to strengthen the head After Universal Remedies you must come to Topicks And first take notice if the Ulcers be Crusty and Hard. and before you proceed take away that with a little warm water and fresh Butter or Gooâ—e greaâ—e or Hens grease Oyl of sweet Almonds or the like The Scabs being mollified must not presently be taken off by force lest the Ulcer be exasperated with a Defluxion but you must expect til they fal off of their own accord by blowing the nostrils or at last you may take them gently off with a little Oyl of sweet Almonds upon the tip of your â—inger After the Scab is off you must use astringent and drying Remedies In a Simple Ulcer it is sufficient to wash it with Barley water and Honey of Roses and then to anoint it with Ointment of Tutty or with the white Ointment of Rhasis or the Oyl of yolks of Egs which wil be of more sorce if it be made in a Leaden Mortar But for the Cure of Ozana you must prepare theâ—e following Medicines Take of Barley one pugil Agrimony Plantane Wormwood and the lesser Centaury of each one â—andful Red Roses half a pugil boyl them in Forge-water in the straining dissolve of Honey of Roses four ounces Make an Errhine to be ofâ—en snuffed into the Nostrils After it is somwhat clean you must use this following Decoction Take of the Flowers and Rinds of Pomegranates of each two ounces Plantane Horstaile Fleabane and Rapture-wort of each one handful the Roots of Bistort or Snakeweed one 〈◊〉 Crude Allum one ounce and an half Make a Decoction Allum Water is also good as also those Remedies which shal after be prescribed for the Cure of Pâ—lypus in the following Chapter Aegyptiacum Dissolved in Barley Water is good for the same After this make Ointments which may Astâ—ing or Bind Clense and Dry exceedingly as of Pomâ—holygos with Allum Chalcitis and the Pomegranate Peels Or This following Take of Oyl Olive half an ounce Pomegranate Peels and Flowers of each three drams 〈◊〉 Allum Laâ—â—anum of each two drams Chalcitis Aloes Frankinsence of each one dram Oyl of Roses and Myrtles of each two ounces Red Wax as much as is sufficient Make an Ointment which apply to the Vcer or dissolve it in Wine Plantane Rose or myrtle-Myrtle-water which fâ—en snuff â—nto the Nose the mouth being filled with Water If these things prevail not wash the Ulcer with sublimate Water twice thrice or four times in a day for it dryeth very much and clenâ—eth without any pain or biting You must make it thus Take of Plantane water four ounces Crude Sublimate Poudered twelve grains boyl them in a Glass to the Consumption of half you may encrease or diminish the quantity of the Sublimate as you desire to have it stronger or weaker When the Ulcer is wel Clensed you must proceed to the Drying of it up for which purpose the Poâ—der of Red Roses blown into it is very good Rondeletius witnesseth that there is nothing more efficacious for the drying of Ulcers after sufficient clensing than a Fumigation becauset it entreth deep into the parts and drieth and he saith it must be made of powerful dryers as of Orpiment and Cinnaber to which you must ad some sweet things from whence there will arise a fume or smâ—ak to dry the Ulcer as Mirrh Frankinsence Mastich â—enjamin and the like which may be brought into this form Take of the best Labdanum Hypocistis Mastich and Mirrh of each three drams red Storax and Styrax calamita Frankinsence bark Sandarach Orpine of each two drams Make them up with Turpentine into Troches with which let the Patient be fumed morning and evening in his Chamber It is excellent also to burn Candles of red Wax for the smoak of them will powerfully dry the Ulcers in the Nose especially if the Patient be kept in a close room And Rondeletius saith That we may perceive that the smoak of a Candle doth affect us by receiving it for if at any time we sit long in a little Study by Candle light our spittle and snot will appear afterwards black And by this means he saith he cured an Ulcer which neither Italian nor French Chyrurgeons could Cure Chap. 2. Of Sarcoma and Polypus SOmetimes there is not only an Ulcer but an excrescency of flesh in the Nose which maketh preternatural Humors called Polypus and Sarcoma Sarcoma is flesh growing in the Nostrils without any certain shape but like the proud flesh of an Ulcer But Polypus is an Excrescency of flesh growing with smal roots and spreading and hanging down to the lower part of the Nose like the fish called Polypus from whence it hath the name Rhasis calleth it the Hemorrhoids of the
Nose because like those of the Fundament This flesh is soft somtimes white somtimes red and blew and if it grow big it hangeth out of the Nose but if it grow in the highest part of the Nose it somtimes hangeth down to the Pallat and stops the common passages and may easily be seen behind the Uvuâ—a In Southernly weather and at the full Moon it is much swelled But in a Northernly dry time and at new Moon it is leâ—s It differs from Sarcoma in this Sarcoma groweth chiefly in the lowest part of the Nose where it is â—â—â—shy but Pol pus grows in the highest part by the Root of the Nose The Cause of both is a gross slimy humor coming from the Brain mixed with blood somtimes with melancholly and then you may fear a Cancer Sarcoma oâ—ten cometh from the supâ—râ—luous nourishment of the Nose turned into proud flesh and therefore is more easily cured The knowledg of these Diseases is eaâ—ie by what hath been â—aid they being appâ—rent to the Eyes The Prognostick is thus made A Sarcoma is easily cured for the most part but Polypus hardly But that which is soft white or red or white and red is more easily cured but that which is hard and livid or blew is diâ—â—icultly cured and is like to be a Cancer Also that Polipus whicâ— groweth low or in the middle of the nostril is more curable than that which is rooted high because Remedies will not so well reach it Both are cured with the same Medicines which are to be â—o ordered that the superfluous flesh may be taken away but first you must remove the antecedent Cause that is the slimy humor which cometh from the Head which you must do by a drying and attenuating Diet general purging by Revulsion derivation and drying of the head all which may be done by those Remedies which are prescribed in the cure oâ— the cold distemper of the Brain being diâ—creeâ—ly used and although many Authors commend the Decoction of Guajacum with a drying diet you must take heed lest by so doing you mix the flegm with not humors and â—o it turn into a Cancer After this you must take off the superfluous flesh with Causticks or with Cissers made purposely and tâ—en cicatrize But in the beginning of this disease it may be cured with only strong dryers and astringents and constantly you must apply such kind of Medicines first before you come to stronger First of all try the Medicine made of the three sorts of Pomegranates prescribed by Galen lib. 3. de comp med sec loc cap. 3. thus Take three Pomegranates one sowr another sweet and the other of the middle sort let them be ripe bruise them in a â—ortar then take the Juyce and boyl it to a Limment dip a tent therein and often put it into the Nose This dryeth and astringeth without sharpness and consumeth the Excrement This following Water doth it more powerfully Take of unripe Grapes three pound Pomegranate peels and flowers and Sumach of each two pound macerate them in Vineger and distil them then put to it Allum one pound Vitriol three ounces then distil them all together again and touch the part affected often with that Water If these things will not do you must uâ—e stronger by putting Sandarach and Orpiment to the aforesaid Water Or you may mix the Spirit of Vitriol or the Water for separating Gold commonly called the second Water with Plantane Water and touch the Polypus often therewith Or with the Mercury Water prescribed in the Cure of the Ulcer in the Nose Or you may put in a tent dipped in the juyce of Cuckoo-pintle roots and if it be too sharp mix it with Plantane Water Mercury Precipitate which is red is accounted the best Medicine to consume proud flesh without pain if it be often washed This Pouder is to be mixed with Honey of Roses and applied with a â—ent There are also Plaisters of the same vertue to consume a Polypus without pain as this Take the Emplaister de Mucilaginibus half an ounce the pouder of Savin two drams Incorporate them and put thereof into the Nostrils Or Take of Verdegreece Orpiment Vitriol and Allum of each one ounce and an half Antimony six drams Steep them in Vinegar then beat them fine then dry them thus beaten and steeped eight times let them be steeped in Plantane Water and then dried Then take of Oyl of Roses four ounces Litharge two ounces Boyl them and about the conclusion ad two drams of the said pouder Make a stiff Plaister thereof of which make tents In the use of Causticks first you must observe that before they be applied you defend the Nostrils with the cooling Oyntment of Galen or with Nutritum or Populeon or white of an Eg beaten with Oyl of Roses and the like Secondly lest the Causticks should hurt the Nostrils they must be applyed through a silver pipe so that it may compass the Polipus and the Medicines may be conveyed to it without touching the Nostrils Thirdly You must observe that these Medicines are to be used in the decrease of the Moon for the tumor then is less and therefore Medicines may easily be conveyed to the root Lastly If Polypus cannot be taken off with Medicines you must come to Chyrurgery or Manual operation which is described in Paulus Aegineta Cornelius Celsus Jerom Fabricius de Aquapendente and other Modern Writers Chap. 3. Of the loss of Smelling THe Sence of Smelling is hindered and hurt three waies as other Actions are that is by diminishing abolishing and depraving The Causes are the same that diminish and abolish the Smelling only they differ in degrees namely distemper obstruction and astriction A cold and moist distemper joyned with flegm as it can easily make any sence dull so doth it especially hinder the Smelling or abolish it hence it is that the Smelling is often hurt when there is a Catarrh or a Coryza for cold doth either diminish or abolish the sence because it doth dull and weâ—ken the Natural heat which is the producer of every action Obstruction comes also from flegm which fills the sensible Passages as the Nostrils and also the insensible as the pores of the Brain and the processus of the Temples called Mamillares so that the scents and smels cannot come to the parts it may also come of a Sarcoma Polypus or other cause filling and stopping the Nostrils Astriction somtimes may come from flegm gathered in the fore part of the Brain and compressing the Processus Mamillares as we said of the diminishing of sight from the astriction of the Optick Nerves This astriction may also come from the Natural shape of the Nostrils when they are so straight that there is no free passage for the Scents The Cause of Smelling depraved is a stink alwaies coming to the Nostrils either from an Ulcer there or from stinking flegm in the Nostrils and Os Etâ—moides for those things which putrifie either in the very sence
with a little Wine he was recovered throwing also Water in his face after that he had a large stool was brought to his bed and bled with less violence then giving a dram and an half of Lapis Prunellae in cold Water presently the blood franched when the same and other Medicines could not formerly do it Although fainting be not vulgarly accounted a Remedy against bleeding at the Nose yet Hipp. lib. 3. Epid. Sect. 7. saith thus These things stop the bleeding of the Veins swouning the alteration of the posture or figure of the Body mâ—erception a tent apposition and deligation or binding Galen in 5. meth cap. 5. teacheth the same in these words Moreover Blood is stanched 〈◊〉 by fainting and by revulsion and derivation to the parts adjoyning and by cooling of the whole Body and especially the part afflicted But you must observe that fainting doth only profit when the blood floweth from the Veins which are terminated in the superficie of the body which Hippocrates also hints at when he prescribeth tents bandage and the like For when blood cometh from the internal parts as in an Hemoptoe or spitting of blood immoderate flux of the terms or internal wounds then fainting will encrease the bleeding the heat being thereby drawn into those parts from whence the blood cometh Zacutus Lucitanus Lib. 1. Praxis admirandae Obs 66. reports that he cured a desperate Hemorrhagy which would yield to no other Medicines by an actual Cautery to the soals of both feet which Remedy he saith had like success in a great bleeding at the mouth coming from the opening of the Vein called Ranuncula under the Tongue by corrosion from a sharp Gatarrh and when the Blood had flowen two dates to the quantity of twenty pounds and many astringents and Emplaâ—ers had been used as also Revulsies and thickening Medicines with Narcoticks or Stupefactives by a Cautery in the soal of the foot it was stanched If still he bleed after all the aforesaid Revulsions have been tried you must come to repelling Medicines such as are vulgarly called Anacollemata things to be applied to the Forehead and Temples which are thus made Take of Bole-Armenick Terra Sigillata Sanguis Draconis Frankinsence Mastick and Aloes of each one dram Bran and the hair of an Hare cut smal of each half a dram one white of an Egg the Juyce of Plantane and Nightshade of each as much as is sufficient to make a Cataplasm for the Forehead and the Temples In extremity you may quickly make a Cataplasm of Bole-Armenick only mixed with the white of an Egg and Vinegar for the same parts The most excellent is made of Time and Vinegar and applied to the Temples and the Forehead as thick as two fingers and if the first application do it not let it be repeated and it will certainly cure Amatus Lusitanus commends a cap made with the aforesaid Pouders mixed with Vinegar and Water laid upon the Head being shaven which you may try in great extremity Also you may make a Fomentation of very cold Water or Water and Vinegar to the Temples and Forehead changing your cloaths as they grow hot Or you may make a Fomentation of the Juyce of Plantane Knotgrass Hors-tail Shepheards-purse and the like with a little Vinegar to make it pierce Where mark That the Head is not to be washed with cold Water nor repelling Medicines to be laid to the Forehead before you have made sufficient Revulsions otherwise the blood being struck in with cooling wil fill the Veins above as Galen sheweth 5. meth cap. 6. and so the flux will be encreased by the heat encreased through Antiperistasis by which the motion and force of the blood is encreased or if the blood be stopt there will follow a Convulsion Apoplexy short and difficult breathing called Dyspnoea or the like Vinegar alone will stop blood if the Forehead be fomented therewith in a Spunge Or if you dip a Spunge in Vinegar and put it into the Nose To throw cold Water in the Face doth not only drive back the blood but also draweth inward by fear if done on a sudden and unawares As a syncope or swouning as we said before stancheth blood by the retraction of it inward by the same reason doth fear also A great quantity namely two or three glasses must be cast into the face divers times in a short time Ordinarily they use to hinder the ascent of the Blood with fomenting of the Neck with a cloth dipped in cold Vinegar and bound about the Neck changed often before it turn warm Vinegar and Water held in the mouth doth drive the blood down and keeps the blood from falling into the Throat Also Vinegar put into the Ear next to the Nostril bleeding is good to close the Vein A Bean or piece of money bound to the root of the Nose between the Eyebrows stoppeth the flux Also you must observe if the Veins or Arteries in the Forehead or Temples do swell for then you must bind them down with Money or a dry Bean slit in length and this is a special Remedy And for the better Compression you must lay a Pledget dipt in the white of an Eg beaten with Time upon the Bean or Money The sume of Vinegar sprinkled upon a hot Iron taken into the Nostrils will close the opened Veins As also Vinegar and Water often snuffed up Besides those things which repel we must use things that close and glutinate the Veins For which end many Remedies may be put into the Nose Galen lib. de paratu facilibus cap. 13. used Frankinsence and Aloes poudered with white of an Egg and the hairs of an Hare upon lint Or you may make a Tent thus Take of Frankinsence Aloes Dragons blood Bran Cobwebs and the hair of an Hare cut smal of each half a dram made up in a Tent with juyce of Plantane The same Pouders may be blown into the Nose For which purpose also great Practitioners do commend the pouder of Eg shels burnt and burnt Paper But you must remember besides the use of these pouders at the same time to fill the mouth with cold Water lest the Medicine get into the mouth The Cotton of an Ink-horn squeezed a little and made into a tent doth powerfully stop As also laid and bound to the Forehead If it yet continue you must come to Escharoticks which by burning the mouths of the Veins produce a Scab and so stay the blood But these must be used warily for when the Eschar falls off they will bleed again Burnt Vitriol is the best which besides its Escharotick quality is good to stanch blood If you will make it gentle you must mix other Medicines thus Take of Galls half a pound Allum a quarter of a pound Calcine them and blow the pouder into the Nose Or Take of Bole-Armenick Dragons blood Frankinsence Aloes Time burnt Vitriol Sarcocol and Mastich of each one dram Make afine Pouder White Vitriol is more gentle than
fal into the belly whence the Flux is caused And when the tongue is naturally too moist it is probable also that the belly wil be loose and weak through moistness because the Stomach and the Tongue have both the same Tunicle Now the proper passion of a moist belly is a loosness But Avicen seems to be against this Doctrine saying Fen. 1. lib. 3. tract 4. cap. 18. That Stammerers are given much to Melancholly and Melancholly cometh from a dry Brain but this Contradiction is Reconciled thus Avicen meaneth by Stammerers not such as are properly so called and cannot pronounce R but such as Stutter and repeat the same Syllable often before they speak a word and this cometh from a hot and dry Distemper of the Brain in which the thoughts are so quick that they out-run the tongue and hasten its motion whence comes that disturbance But the Stammering aforesaid coming from the Birth is incurable In some an accidentary Stammering cometh by a Catarrh and great Defluxion of Rhewm upon the Jaws and Tongue which is cured by Evacuation Revulsion and Derivation of the Humors as also by Strengthening and Drying the Brain but because the Remedies are the same with those for the Palzey of the Tongue of which we shal now speak they may be taken from thence Two pair of Nerves go to the Tongue the Third pair to Exercise the act of Tasting and Sence And the Seventh pair for Speech and diversity of Motion by the Obstruction and Relaxation of the taste cometh the Palzey of the Tongue which is a Privation or Diminishing of the motion of the Part and this useth to follow an Apoplexey when the hinder part of the brain is too moist and then other parts of the body and for the most part half the body hath the Palzey sometimes it is only in the Tongue when the Nerves and moving Muscles are too moist also by cutting of those Nerves there cometh a Palzey of which there is an example in Avicen Fen. 6. lib. 3. tract 1. cap. 12. in these words A certain man was Cupped and Scarified and the smal hair like Nerve was cut with Scarification which is in the substance of the Pannicle joyned with the Tongue wherefore the Tongue was relaxed We may suppose that these Cupping Glasses were applied to the Neck and hinder part of the head for since the Nerves that move the Tongue come from the beginning of the Spinal Marrow which is in the Neck It is most certain that the Scarification was made so deep that some branch of them was divided But although the matter producing this Disease be Flegm yet somtimes it is thicker and colder somtimes thinner and hotter as the Humors which predominate in the Body the knowledge whereof is from Avicen Fen. 6. lib. 3. tract 1. cap. 6. in these words And somtimes the redness of the Tongue and hotness shew that the matter is blood and somtimes much watery spittle sheweth that the matter is thin and when there is little benefit by Resolving Medicines and much by binding and astringent This Disease if it come from the Brain and follow an Apoplexy so that other parts also are affected is seldom cured especially if the Patient be in yeers but if it be single and in the part only it is to be cured and the easier if the Patient be yong The Cure of the Palâ—ey in the Tongue is by taking away the antecedent Cause that is the humor abounding in the Brain and by discussing and dissolving the conjunct cause namely the humor which is fastened upon the Nerves that move the Tongue The antecedent cause will be taken away by the Medicines prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain And first you must purge with Pills or a Potion there mentioned After if blood abound and be either the Principal or the assistant Cause of the Disease take so much as age and strength will permit then administer a Cephalick Apozeme and if the Disease seem stubborn give a sweating diet all which are formerly prescribed in the place mentioned After general Evacuations come we to the Derivation of the matter causing the Disease by Cupping and Vesicatories applied behind as also by Cauteries Avicen applied a Cupping-glass under the Chin which is now also allowed Open the Vein under the Tongue and it will profit if before you have made general Evacuation to derive the Humor from the Muscles of the Tongue For the discussing and drawing forth of this Humor let the Gargarism following be often used Take of Flowerdeluce roots half an ounce Origan Sage French Lavender Rosemary of each half a handful Cubebs three drams Liquoris one ounce Boyl them in equal parts of white Wine and Water to a pint Dissolve in the straining Oxymel of Squils two ounces Make a Gargarism to which if it work not strong enough you may ad two or three drams of the Decoction of Pellitory of Spain or of Mustard seed You may also ad Castorium if it offend not the Patient with the scent To this end you may often rub the Tongue with Oxymel of Squils alone or mixed with Mustard Seed A bag of Sage is much commended for to rub the Tongue with often to which you may ad Mustard seed also Also these following Pills ought to be held often upon the Tongue Take of the Juyce of Bettony and Liquoris of each one dram and an half Castor and Assafatida of each half a dram Nutmeg and Spicknard of each one scruple Incorporate them with Honey and make them into the form of Lupines Here also Gargarisms Masticatories and Errhines which are prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the Brain may be used Also for the strengthening of the Brain and dispersing the reliques of the humors therein contained Fumigations and Pouders for the Hair with Caps mentioned in the same Chapter are here to be used Lastly You must prescribe the usual Medicines against encrease of flegm namely Syrupus Magistralis or ordinary Pills with a strengthening Opiate as is there declared The End of the Fifth Book THE SIXTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of the Diseases of the Teeth Gums Jaws Pallat and Wind-pipe or Larynx The PREFACE THE Parts contained in the Mouth and Jaws suffers divers Diseases the Chief whereof we only desire to lay down and to omit those that are ordinarily Cured by Chirurgeons Therefore this Book shall contain Seven Chapters First Of the Tooth-Ach Secondly Of the Blackness and Consuming of the Teeth Thirdly Of the Eating away and Exulceration of the Gums Fourthly Of the Flux of Blood from the Gums Fifthly Of the Vlcers of the Mouth and Jaws Sixthly Of the Relaxation or Falling down of the Pallat And Seventhly Of Angina or Quinzy Chap. 1. Of the Tooth-Ach GAlen in his Fifth Book of the Composition of Medicines cap. 8. 16. of the Use of Parts cap. 2. saith That the Teeth are not only sensible in respect of their Nerves at
a large evacuation of blood agreeable to the Plethory is the best remedy for all pains which we have found true by experience not only in the paine of the teeth but in other parts Let him purge the day following with that which is proper for the humor in the form of a Potion if a hot with Pills if a cold humor be the cause of pain After this if the pain continue apply Cupping-glasses to the Shoulders with scarrisication or one great one between the shoulders without scarrisication A Vesicatory applied to the neck or behind the Ears doth violently draw back the humors Also to hinder the defluxion apply astringents to the Temples as Emplaister of Gum Elemi or Mastich only upon a piece of Silk and heat with a brass pestle the Shop Emplaister of Mastich or that against Ruptures called ad berniam Or this following is good Take of Frankinsence Hypocistis Labdanum of each one dram and an half Pitch and Mastich of each one dram Opium half a scruple Oyl of Mastich as much as is sufficient Make a Mass of Emplaister The Root of Comfry fresh and bruised applied to the Temples doth intercept the defluxion very well There is also a good Plaister made of pouder of Allum and Galls mixed with Pitch Riverius the chief Physitian to Henry the Great had this Plaister as a Secret Take of Cyprus nuts red Roses Mustard seed torrefied or parched Mastich and Terra Sigillata of each one dram and an half Let them be steeped in Vinegar of Roses twenty four hours then dry them Opium dissolved in Aqua vitae three drams Pitch and Colophonia of each one dram yellow Wax melted in the expressed Oyls Henbane and white Poppy as much as is sufficient Make an Emplaister apply it to the Arteries and the part affected with pain And because the smal Veins by which nourishment is carried to the Teeth do run by the Ears you put Medicines into them for the Cure of the Tooth-ach as Oyl of bitter Almonds to the Ear on the same side or the fume of Vinegar in which Penyroyal and Origan have been boyled Others put Vinegar into the Ear by which the defluxion is mightily stayed especially if the flux be hot But in a cold defluxion the Juyce of Garlick mixt with Treacle and dropt warm into the Ear doth wonderfully asswage the pain of the Teeth A Clove also of Garlick peeld and put into the Ear is good Also astringents in the beginning of the defluxion may be applied to the part pained cold if the matter be hot but if it be cold you must put hot things with your repellers But in every cause if the pain be great you must mix Anodines with Repellers As Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Five-leaved-grass and Tormentil of each one ounce the Leaves of Vervain Plantane and Maudlin of each one bandful Cypress Nuts Galis and Acorn Cups of each two drams red Sanders and Crystal of each one dram and an half red Roses and Pomegranate Flowers of each one pugil boyl them in red Wine and Vinegar and wash the part grieved often therewith warm This may be used in the beginning of a hot defluxion but in a cold ad Cypress Roots Box Bark Ivy Leaves and the like A plainer Medicine is made of Plantane and Rose Water with as much Vinegar like an Oxycrate Or boyl Galls in Vinegar and wash the Teeth therewith Or Take of the Roots of Cinkfoyl half an ounce Willow Leaves half a handful Galls two drams boyl them in red Wine and wash the mouth This staies the defluxion and takes away pain Then you must use these Remedies which asswage pain and take away the cause of which there is in authors and vulgarly a multitude we will give you the best of which you must make your choyce with this judgment That those which do not only dissolve and discuss but also astringe and stop the flux be used in the beginning and the encrease of the pain but things that only discuss in the state and declination Take of the Juyce of Housleek and Nightshade of each two ounces Cow or Sheeps milk eight ounces Oyl of unripe Roses one ounce and an half Opium and Saffron of each three grains mix them and apply it warm with a cloth to the Jaw of the same side often Take the Papp of sweet Apples two ounces Bran steept in Vinegar three ounces Oyl of Roses one ounce Saffron half a scruple Opium two grains mix them for a Cataplasm to the part pained Or Take of Barley and Bean meal of each three ounces Oyl of Roses and sweet Almonds of each half an ounce the juyce of Housleek one ounce and an half Milk as much as is sufficient make a Cataplasm to be applied often warm to the part Or Take two whites of Eggs beat them with Rose Water and dip stuphs therein sprinkled with two drams of Pepper Poudered Apply them to the pained side over the whol Cheek But here observe That you apply not Astringents to the Jaws if they be swoln for it is to be seared That the Humor wil so be Repelled to the Throat and the Patient Choaked An Example of which Valesius de Taranta giveth of a Physitian troubled with the Tooth-Ach and Inflamation of the Jaws who applied only Oyl of Roses with Vinegar which brought him to a Squinzy and he died Other Waters may be made to wash the mouth Thus. Take of the best white Wine four ounces white Henbane Roots two drams let them boyl to the Consumption of the third part strain them and ad one ounce of Vinegar Varnish one dram let them boyl a heat and let the Mouth be washed often therewith The plain Decoction of Vervain is Commended of many for the same Also a Decoction of Guaiacum made with Wine or Water and a little salt Or Take of Arsmart and the barks of the Roots of Henbane of each equal parts boyl them in Rose Vinegar and wash the mouth And if the pain cometh from a Hot Cause only boyl a Henbane Root in Vinegar If the Arsmart be too sharp take a less quantity Nay you may leave it quite out in a Defluxion coming of a Hot Cause and put Persicaria Macutata instead of it which is Astringent and Cooling and his juyce may be given safely at the Mouth in al Defluxions that are sharp and Chollerick Also you may use the Leaves of Henbane instead of the Root Some use the Leaves of Henbane and Persicaria Maculata as a secret Magnetick Charm they boyl them in Vinegar they burn the Leaves being boyled with a gentle fire and wash their Teeth with the Vinegar and they say that as soon as the Leaves are burnt the pain wil be gone But I rather think it is Cured by the Vinegar with which the Teeth are washed In the aforesaid Decoctions if the Vinegar be so sharp that the Patient can scarcely endure it you may mix half Wine and in a Cold Cause make them of
followeth in many Hence Aretaeus reckoneth a wind in the Midriff and belchings without reason among the signs of an Asthma at hand which certainly do come from a crude matter moved in the Midriff That flatulent matter doth of its self somtimes produce another kind of Asthma which is called Asthma flatulentum or Hypochondriacum when many thick vapors rising from the Hypochondria do compress the Diaphragma and hinder its motion whence comes great difficulty of breathing without snorting The Knowledg of this Disease and its kinds may be by what hath been said In a Dispnoea the breath is thick without noise or anhelation and with less trouble In an Asthma the Breast is more heavy the Breath thicker and quicker with anhelation snorting and wheesing But in Orthopnoea the Patient cannot breath but with his neck upright and if they lie down they are ready to be choaked The Signs of the Causes are these If Asthma come from gross humors gathered in the Lungs the difficulty of breathing comes by degrees by little and little and is continual But if Humors come at a distance from other parts into the Lungs the difficulty of breathing is not continual For albeit Asthma which comes from matter contained in the Lungs useth to be encreased by external causes as Anger Southernly winds and the like yet in Asthma which comes from matter flowing from another part the encrease is more manifest If this matter come from the brain there is a manifest Catarrh but if no signs of a Cararrh appear you must conjecture that the matter comes by the Veins to the Lungs and the swelling of the feet and evil habit of body called Cachexia is a sign that the Liver is affected If a thick humor be contained in the Bronchia of the Lungs the Respiration is with noise and cough as also by spitting the disease ceaseth or is diminished If the Humor be in the Veins or substance of the Lungs there is no noise and there is seldom any spitting by Cough As to the Prognostick An Asthma is a Chronical disease and very hard to be cured and often ends in a Cachexia or Dropsie Yong men are somtimes cured and not without great labor but old men never Infants except they be speedily cured die by a Catarrh which followeth They who grow crooked upon an Asthma or Cough die before they come to ripeness of age because the gibbosity hindereth the convenient growth of the breast nevertheless get their due encrease and bigness but having not room enough to dilate themselves from whence the heat of the Heart being not sufficiently fanned the patient dieth A Pleuresie or Peripneumonia commg upon an Asthma is deadly because the Lungs being weakned by a long disease cannot resist so great a disease coming thereupon and expel the matter The Cure of the Asthma is two-fold namely in the Paroxysme and out or it In the fit presently you must open a Vein a Clyster being given if the blood do seem any way to abound for when the Veins are empty of blood the Respiration is more free But if the disease be elder and blood hath been often drawn it is better to abstain from bleeding because by diminishing the natural heat it will encrease flegm It is good to open the Veins in the Ancles in this disease coming by consent from other parts After bleeding or if it be omitted as not thought fit you must purge flegm with the things prescribed in the Cure of the cold distemper of the brain putting to them alwaies things proper for the breast as much as may be Vomits althongh disallowed by some in this disease yet are they most convenient as frequent experience hath taught and somtimes the sit is taken away with a vomit only Among these the chief is Aqua Nicotiana or Tobacco Water given in the quantity of an ounce and it may be made into a Syrup with Sugar In want whereof you may use the Salt of Vitriol Aqua benedicta Rulandi Now the reason is excellent why Vomits do so much good in this disease For while the thin humor falling from the head insinuateth it self into the Aspera Arteria and the Bronchia of the Lungs and the thick falls into the Stomach and is there so fixed that it can scarcely be taken away And while the weak heat of the Stomach doth stir the matter thick vapors are produced which puffing up the Stomach compress the Diaphragma and cause difficulty of breathing Hence it comes that when the Stomach is emptied the fit ceaseth or is much less Moreover An Asthma somtimes nay often according to Sennertus cometh of crude humors about the Liver and in the Veins which are carried by the Vena Arteriosa into the Lungs and compress the Bronchia from whence cometh an Asthma For the evacuating and revelling of these humors from the Lungs a Vomit is very good As also for this cause the Remedies purging humors downward are very excellent The Juyce of our Flowerdeluce doth gently move and purge downward taken to the quantity of half an ounce with one ounce of Hippocras which Placerus in his Observations saith he hath used with good success You may give two ounces of the juyce of Flowerdeluce if the former did work sufficiently Also you may use sharp Clysters often for revulsion But they must be given in smal quantities lest by filling the Bowels the Diaphragma be compressed You must also use Frictions to the inferior parts and apply many Cupping-glasses thereon as also to the Neck Afterwards you must extenuate and dissolve the thick humors and discuss the vapors that come from them For which purpose you may give a spoonful of Cinnamon Water either by its self or with Syrup of Violets as Take of Cinnamon Water two ounces Syrup of Violets one ounce or instead of that mix with the Water one ounce of Oxymel to discuss the humors better It is also profitable to give three four or five drops of Chymical Oyl of Sage Rosemary or Annis feeds with a little Wine or sprinkle therewith the Tablets of Diatragacanth frigid and so let the Patient eat them Others commend one scruple of Saffron given in a spoonful of Wine Also Aqua Clareta thus made is very good Take of Aqua vita four ounces Water of Colts-foot and Scabious of each two ounces Cinnamon six drams strain them through an Hippocras Bag. Let him take two or three ounces Tobacco taken in a pipe hinders the sit so doth the Leaf chewed and also the smoak of Cloves in a pipe In the mean time you must use expectorating Medicines which bring forth the thicker matter upwards As Take of the Syrup of Horehound Liquoris and Coltsfoot of each two ounces Oxymel simple one ounce Mix them and let him lick it by little and little Take of washed Turpentine one ounce Ammoniacum two scruples Flower of Brimstone one scruple mix them into soft pills of which let him take one every second hour with half an ounce
Vein opened an hour after the blood will continue pure Hors-dung dissolved in Carduus Water and strained doth powerfully disperse the pain and the humor in the Pleurisie White Hen-dung given in a dram of the same Water doth as much These Dungs have much Volotile Salt which is very piercing and discussing You may make a Potion of them both thus Take of Hemp seed one ounce bruise them then put to them of the white Dung of a Hen and of Horse Dung of each half an ounce dissolve them in five ounces of Carduus Water strain them and drink it The Blood of a wild Goat given to ten drops with the aforesaid Water doth powerfully discuss the Pleurisie In the want thereof you may give the blood of a tame Goat But because the strength of him is little you may give thereof to the quantity of one dram You must prepare it thus Hang up the Goat by the Horns and bend his hinder Legs backward to his Horns then cut out his Stones and take the Blood in a broad Vessel dry it in the Sun in Summer or at other times upon an Oven It is far different from the Goats Blood in the Shops The Soot of a Chimney given to a dram is very good but much rather the spirit of Soot described by Hartman in his Practice of Physick In an Epidemical Pleurisie Sudoroficks are to be given such as are prescribed in malignant Feavers which also ought to be made as proper for this Disease as may be A Diarrhoea coming upon a Pleurisie is dangerous therfore you must give Syrup of Myrtles which doth stay the Diarrhoea and also expectorate and this is to be mixed with other Syrups Let me Belly and Reins be anointed with astringents as useth to be done in all Diarrhoea's Give Clysters made of Barley Water which as Galen saith doth cool and astringe if it be boyled with red Roses and also Yolks of Eggs be dissolved in it Chap. 3. Of Peripneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs PEripneumonia hath the same essence with a Pleurisie and is distinguished only by the part affected because that is the inflamation of the Lungs and this of the Membrane that compasseth the Ribs They differ somwhat in the matter for a Pleurisie comes often of Choller but a Peripneumonia of Flegm although all humors as we said of a Pleurisie may produce this disease I mean humors which are like blood and make up the mass of it For as thick humors do hardly penetrate the thick Membrane called Pleura but thin and Chollerick easily so on the other side thick flegmatick humors do easily go to the soft and thin substance of the Lungs and stick close thereto but thin and Chollerick humors do easily pass by But this hindereth not but the Chollerick blood may somtimes cause the Inflamation of the Lungs as Hippocrates 1. de morbis describeth the Erysipelas or Chollerick tumor of the Lungs which comes from Chollerick blood thrown into the Lungs from the right Ventricle of the Heart by the Arterial Vein But an oedematous Inflamation comes from flegmatick blood falling upon the Lungs by way of defluxion from the Head But only excrementitious flegm falling as a Catarrh from the Brain can make a Peripneumonia because it putrifieth in the Lungs and attracteth blood by the mixture whereof there is an Inflamation and this often happeneth in old folk Mesue saith that this Peripneumonia comes rather of Choller because the Lungs are nourished with Chollerick blood which cometh in great plenty to them by the Arterial Vein To whom we answer that fresh thin and steeming blood made in the right Ventricle of the Heart is carried into the Lungs which by reason of its purity is easily governed by Nature and is sent by the Venal Artery to the left Ventricle of the Heart and it seldom is altered from its Natural condition which useth to make a Peripneumonia But contrarily a defluxion from the Head cutting through the large passages into the Bronchia of the Lungs if it there putrifie will draw blood unto it and make a Peripneumonia This Peripneumonia is somtimes alone without another disease somtimes it followeth other diseases as Squinzy or Pleurisie Galen in Com. 11. Sect. 7. Aphor. teacheth that a Peripneumonia doth follow a Pleurisie two waies Either when a Pleurisie is turned into a Peripneumonia or when an inflamation of the Lungs followeth a Pleurisie This transmutation is when the former disease ceaseth and the other comes but it comes upon it when it is white the former remaineth Therefore the immediate internal cause of a Peripneumonia is blood often flegmatick seldom chollerick and most seldom melanchollick Which either comes from the whol body being plethorick or cachochymical that is full or of evil habit or from some part which is replete or distempered The External Causes of Peripneumonia and Pleurisie are the same namely whatsoever defluxion can come to those parts the chief whereof are First great exercise and violent motion of the Body especially after long rest and high feeding For then the humors abounding from high diet and kept in by long rest by exercise are dispersed attenuated and heated and are after sent to the weaker parts most fit to receive them among which the Breast and Lungs are chief because by strong exercise there is caused great and often breathing and so they become wearied and the substance of the Lungs being soft and loose can easily receive the humors coming to them Secondly Among the external Causes the cold and Northernly Air is reckoned when it comes suddenly after a Southern and warm for the pores are opened by warm Air and the humors are more fluid which by the cold Air coming after are compressed and the humors sent to the weak parts Lastly From Hipp. lib. of Air Places and Waters the drinking of standing Pools and Lakes begets the Peripneumonia for saith the Divine old man we observe diseases of the Lungs to be most in Marshy Countries Also the Signs of a Peripnumonia do agree with the signs of a Pleurisie Two are the same as a sharp Feaver and a Cough which somtimes is dry somtimes moist or with more Flegmatick spittle coloured with Choller or Blood and in the progress of time the spittle becomes Mattery when the matter of the Disease grows ripe and concocted by heat which somtimes comes to pass when the substance of the Lungs is not hurt for if they ulcerate a Consumption wil sollow So we may observe That in sore Eyes that are Mattery the humors are converted into Matter when the substance of the Eye is neither suppurated nor ulcerated The other signs differ in respect of the part affected the difficulty of Breathing is greater than in a Pleurisie by reason of the narrowness of the part inflamed so that the Patient seems to be choaked and cannot breath but with the head upright For the part cannot be compressed by reason of the extention and repletion nor be more dilated
5. A Suppuration on both sides of the Thorax is more dangerous than in one also that on the lâ—fâ— side is more dangerous than on the right by reason of the left Ventricle of the heart which is more greivously affected with the matter gathered on that side Whosoever are Burnt or Cut for a Suppuration if the Matter cometh forth pure and white they escape but if it be bloody foul and stinking they die Aphor. 44. Sect. 7. If the Matter flow plentifully by Stool and Urine and the Patient continue strong it is a sign oâ— Recovery although this Evacuation is very seldom yet is it spoken of by Galen Aetius and Paulus As also the way declared by Galen through which it passeth 3. de loc affect cap. 4. and com in aphor 30. sect 3. In the first place he speaks thus This question doth not a little disturbe thâ— followers of Erasistratus who think that there is nothing but spirits in the Arteries But we find no difficulty in it because we know that the smooth Artery in the Lungs so much Pus as it received from an Imposthume broken can carry the same into the left Ventricle of the heart which after goeâ— to the Reâ—ns by the great Artery In the last place he saith That the matter contained in the Lungâ— doth first come to the Ventricles of the Heart and then to the great Artery or by the hollow Veiâ— to the outside of the Liver from thence to the inside and so to the Guts From which you may easily see the way by which an Empyema may be purged by stool and urine If the Patient grow better and be almost clensed and then again raiseth stinking Spittle he dieth of that which remaineth and returneth Hipp. in Coac For the Cure of this Disease First if you cannot hinder the Suppuration of the matter in the Thorax you must further it by convenient Cataplasms As Take of Marsh-mallow Roots three ounces fat Figs ten Raisons stoned one ounce Chamomel and Melilot flowers of each one pugil Boyl them all well then beat them and strain them then ad the flower of Line Foenugreek seed and Wheat of each one ounce Oyl of Lillies sweet Almonds and fresh Butter and Turpentine of each one ounce Make a Cataplasm Also to help Concoction and maturation within you may give this following Apozeme Take of Marsh-mallow Roots and of the greater Comphry of each one ounce Agrimony Coltâ—foot Scabious and Maiden-hair of each one handful the four great cold seeds of each one ouncâ— Annis seeds one dram Liquoris and Raisons of the Sun stoned of each one ounce the three Cordial Flowers and Chamomel of each one pugil Make a Decoction to one pint and an half dissolve in the straining Syrup of Colts-foot Liquoris and Sugar-candy of each two ounces Maâ—â— an Apozeme perfumed with the Pouder of Flower deluce Root one dram for five mornings draughts This following Eclegma is good for the same purpose Take of the pulp of fat Figs one ounce fresh Butter two ounces Oyl of sweet Almonds newly drawn without fire one ounce Sugar candy two ounces Starch two drams Make a Lohoch Venice Turpentine washed with Barley Water given to the quantity of three drams with the pouder of Liquoris doth much profit for Maturation Discussion and Clensing But if the Empyema will not be spit up as somtimes it will not you must come to opening of it which you must do between the fourth and fifth Ribs beginning to count from below with many Cautions which are elegantly set down by many Chyrurgions especially by Hieromâ— Fabricius ab Aquapendente in his Book of Manual Operations But it is more profitable to open the Imposthume which comes from a Pleurisie before it break and the Pus flow into the Cavity of the Breast which is known by the Tumor which is against the place of Suppuration and by other signs of an Empyema And then you must not open it below and between the fourth and fifth Rib because if you make an orifice far from the imposthume there wil no matter come forth but you must open it in the middle of the Tumor first applying a Caustick But if no Tumor appear it is hard to open it before the Imposthume be broken But if any will tâ—y he must find out the place in which the Patient finds weight pain and heat And it must be made between two Ribs upon the higher part of the Rib because there is a Vein and Artery neer the Inferior which you must observe in the opening of every Empyema While the matter is taken forth by degrees let the Patient take a Wound Drink twice a day which will purge the blood clense the Ulcer and hinder putrefaction As Take of Sanicle Bugle Scabious Bettony St. Johns wort Carduus Mousear Burnet Perewinkle Agrimony Plantane of each one handful the seeds of St. Johns wort and Carduus benedictus of each half a dram Cordial Flowers one pugil Boyl them in Hydromel to a pint and an half Take six ounces every time With this same Decoction Injections may be made into the Cavity of the Breast For his Drink let him take Hydromel or Barley Water or Spring Water with Sugar If after the Breast is opened the matter do not flow freely you must draw it forth with the following Plaister which doth powerfully draw from all Imposthumes Take of Rozin of the Pine-tree that is fresh cleer and sweet half a pound Oyl of Bayes and â—urpentine of each one ounce Gum Elemi two ounces First let the Rozin and the Gum be â—elted and mixed then ad the Turpentine and the Oyls and let them boyl a little then strain â—â—em Make a Plaister thereof for the part change it once a day in Winter and twice in Sumâ—er cut it in two or three places that the matter may pass through Chap. 5. Of the Dropsie in the Breast THe Dropsie in the Breast is like to Empyema which comes from a serous humor contained in the Cavity of the Breast The common Practitioners do not describe this Disease although Hippocrates doth it excellently 2. Lib. of Diseases called dropsies in the Lungs thus There is a Feaver and a Cough quick breathing the feet swell the Nails are contracted and they suffer as â—â—ey do in an Empyema but not so violently and longer and if you powr any thing in or apply a â—omentation or fumigation the matter doth not follow and by this you may know that it is not â—atter but water that is within and if you try a long time to discover it by your Ear laid to his â—â—de it boyls inward like Vinegar after that it goes into the belly and then he seems to be recovered But in progress of time the belly is inslamed and that endureth the same or more some swell in the â—elly cods and face Thus Hippocrates This Disease seldom happeneth it is more often than it is discovered for it is not ordinarily â—nown Many relations of it are given
part which quickly is gonâ— but you must gather the Nature and quality of the Vapor by the signs of the Humor which aboundeth in any part because vapors do alwaies arise from Humors If the Palpitation come from Humors in the Heart the Disease doth not come so suddenly and continueth longer and you may know what kind of humor it is by the signs of the Humor which abounds throughout the whol Body And especially if it be from Blood from which it most often proceedeth and this is known by a divers and unequal Pulse somtimes great somtimes smal slow and swift to which the Breathing answereth in proportion the Patients heart seemeth to be bound and oppressed as appears by the exceeding heat distension of the Veins redness of Face the time being Spring the Age Region and Diet causing Blood to abound That which comes by consent from other parts is known by the proper signs of the parts affected so we know that it is from the stomach when there is want of Appetite loathing vomiting of base Humors and gnawing at the Stomach A troublesom breathing about the Pancreas or Spleen or any other disease of the Spleen sheweth that the matter lurketh there from whence the vapors fly to the Heart so suppression of the Terms and Hysterical fits declare that it comes from the Womb. The Water abounding in the Pericardium is harder to be known but we may conjecture if the Pulse be weak and faint and the Patient bemoaneth himself that his heart as it were is somtimes in Water and is suffocated and if it be constant and he incline to an Atrophy or Hectick If malignant humors cause it there will be great change in the Pulse a loss of strength somtimes fainting and other signs of malignity If it come from a Tumor there is remarkable variety in the Pulse and the motion of the Heart is different from the natural very unequal and inordinate and if the humor be hot there will be great inflamation in the Body great thirst difficulty of breathing and fainting will follow with death but if the Tumor be hard and in the Pericardium the disease is constant and the Patient decayes by degrees without any manifest cause if flesh or any more solid thing grow to the heart there will be a continual Palpitation from the beginning of the Disease to the end of Life Lastly You may know when it comes by want of Spirits by the precedent causes which destroyed the Spirits and by the quick and smal pulse and when it comes from the least labor or motion Somtimes the like befals them that are well from walking or other motion with a change of Pulse and a resembling Palpitation The Prognostick is to be taken thus It is dangerous from the hinderance of the motion of the Heart by which Life is preserved and it brings Syncopes and death For it is a true Observation of Galen Com. Aph. 41. Sect. 2. and 5. de loc aff cap. 2. All that in youth or in declining age are troubled with the Palpitation of the Heart very much die before they are old for the often Palpitation is a sign that the Vital faculty was very weak A Palpitation by Propriety is worse than by consent and somtimes deadly And that which is of an internal is worse than that which comes of an external Cause unless it be from poyson or some great wound If it come from a Tumor or solution of Unity it is incurable The Cure is various according to the variety of the Causes and first that which comes from a peculiar distemper of the Heart and Pericardium is incurable therefore we must look only at the Cure of that which is by consent which depends upon the divers diseases of the parts whose Cure must be sought in their proper Chapters But besides those Remedies which take away the Cause you must use those which asswage the Symptomes by refreshing the Heart and strengthening it and which discuss the vapors which arise from melancholly or crude waterish Humors as Cordial Juleps Opiates Epithems Perfumes which are prescribed in weakness and these that follow Take of Conserve of Balm Rosemary-flowers Borrage-flowers and Clove-gilly-flowers of each one ounce Confection of Acorns and old Treacle of each one dram the Pouder of Diamber and Diamoschi dulcis of each one scruple with the Syrup of Citron Barks make an Opiate which let him take often Take of Bugloss Rose and Orenge-flower Water of each two ounces the syrup of Clove-gilly-flowers one ounce and an half Cinnamon Water half an ounce the spirit of Roses two drams Confection of Acorns one dram mix them and give two spoonfuls now and then This following Liquor which immitateth the Juyce of Hearts described in the following Chapter is good Take of Hogs or Sheeps Hearts three Cinnamon and Cloves of each one dram Lettice and Sorrel seeds of each one dram and an half white Wine two ounces Borrage Scabious and Rose Water of each one ounce and an half Confection of Alkermes one dram boyl them all between Two Dishes and let him take two spoonfuls of the Liquor morning and evening Take of Red Roses and Rosemary-flowers of each two drams Lavender flowers one dram Angelica seeds Citron peels Cloves Cinnamon and Mace of each half a dram Saffron one scruple Musk and Amber-greece of each six grains Make a Bag with red Silk and sprinkle it with Rose water and white Wine and apply it warm to the Heart Take of Oyntment of Roses half an ounce Oyl of Cinnamon and Cloves of each six drops Musk and Amber-greece of each four grains Mix it for a Liniment for the heart Purging Clysters and Carminative to expel Wind are often to be given But in the Fit it is best to open a vein And Galen witnesseth 5. de loc aff cap. 2. That he never did it without profit Some apply Cupping Glasses without Scarrification to the Breast which they say are excellent to discuss Wind there contained Others to the Hypochondria when the matter of the Disease is there But Zacutus Lusitanus applied a Cupping Glass with Scarrification to the heart with wonderful success as you may read in prax admir obs 133. lib. 1. Others commend true Rhapontick given to two scruples in Wine or Wine wherein the same hath been steeped Chap. 3. Of WEAKNESSE ALthough Weakness of Strength doth generally comprehend the hinderance of al Actions Animal Vital and Natural yet more particularly it comprehends the Vital which are known by a Weak Pulse yet this Weakness useth to be found in al great Diseases in which Nature doth yeild or resist the Cause Therefore as in Palpitation the Action of the Heart that is Pulsation is depraved so in Weakness it is diminished Which is the same with a Syncope but it differs in this In a Syncope it is so little that it is hardly perceived but in Weakness the Pulse is manifest and not so little In this also the Animal Faculty is
long Diseases when it is so there is either a putriâ—action about the Ulcer or a great Inflamation both which are desperate The Cure of this Disease if it come from the distemper of other parts must be by the Cure of it But if it come only from a fault in the Stomach it is to be reduced to a hot or cold distemper joyned with matter A hot distemper is to be cured first by purging of Choller gently and often And this may be made of Rhubarb Myrobalans Tamarinds Syrup of Roses or of Succory with Rhubarb Or if the Patiâ—nt be subject to vomiting you must give him a gentle one The same Humor is to be altered with Juleps or cooling Broths in which you must not omit the Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur because all sharp things do not only allay Choller but provoke an apâ—etite Hence it is that we use Sallets in Summer to provoke appetite Or you may alter and purge this Humor at once with a convenient Apozeme to which for the Stomach ad half a handful of Sea Wormwood and half an ounce of Citron Myrobalans After Purging Marmalad of Quinces is good to strengthen the Stomach or the Syrup mixed with Syrup of Wormwood the Lozenges of Diamargariton frigid or Triasantalon or Diarrhodon â—bbatis if there be a suspicion of Obstruction Or this Opiate Take of Candied Lettice and Guords of each one ounce Conserve of Sorrel Roses Succory and Bugloss of each half an ounce red Sanders Coral and Pearl prepared of each half a dram â—he Troches of Spodium and Sorrel seeds of each one scruple With Syrup of Lemmons make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a smal Nut morning and evening drinking after a little Wine and Water Anoint the Stomach outwardly with this Oyntment Take of Oyl of Roses Myrtles and Quinces washed with Vinegar of Roses of each two ounces all the Sanders red Coral Coriander seed prepared and red Roses of each one dram grana Kerâ—nes and Spodium of each half a dram white Wax as much as is sufficient Make a Liniment with which anoint the Stomach with your warm hand only twice or thrice in a day putting in a little Rose Vinegar at the same time Or lay on a Rose Cake sprinkled with Rose Vinegar or steeped therein which you must remove before it groweth hot Lastly In the continuance of the Disease a Bath is good twice or thrice used by which many are brought to their former appetites Vinegar and all sharp things are good with their meat A loathing cometh from a cold distemper when flegmy melanchollick humors are gathered into the Stomach and hinder its office or being drawn from all other parts of the Body as in them who using to vomit draw the impurity of other parts to the Stomach or from the Brain Spleen and Mother and other parts In the Cure hereof you must first look at the distemper of the parts from whence they come which must be amended with Remedies laid down in their proper Chapters Then you must apply Medicines to the Stomach by Evacuation of the Humor offending and strengthening the parts Evacuation may be made by vomit or stool By Vomit If the Patient be Nauseous and easie to vomit with Medicines for that purpose But if the Humors be thick and fastened upon the Tunicles of the Stomach and the Patient is not used to vomit they must be purged especially with Pils because they stay longest in the Stomach as Galen sheweth cap. 7. lib. 4. de sanit tuenda Who exceedingly commends Pils of Hiera which may be given to two scruples or a dram in the morning two hours before meat and you may make them fresh thus Take of the best Aloes washed with the Juyce of Wormwood one ounce Agarick trochiscated two drams the pouder of Rhubarb sprinkled with white Wine one dram Nutmeg and Spicknard of each half a dram Salt of Tartar Mastich and Cinnamon of each one scruple With Syrup of Wormwood make a Mass of Pills of a dram whereof make six Pills guilded Let him take them in the morning if you will purge much or give half a dram two hours before dinner twice or â—hrice in a week They may be quickened with Diagridium if you will have them stronger If you fear the Liver is too hot you may mix cool things as red Roses Sanders Diamargariton and make up the Mass with Compound Syrup of Succory Strong Pills are not good because they wil draw humors from other Parts to the stomach If he cannot swallow Pills you must give him Hiera to drink with a convenient Liquor Or If a Potion shal be unpleasant make an infusion of Senna Myrobalans Rhubarb and Agarick in Wormwood Wine or the stomach Decoction dissolving in it a little of the Electuary of Citrons solutive if you wil make a stronger If this Disease comes from slow slimy Flegm before Purging you must dissolve it with Honey of Roses and Oxymel with syrup of Hysop and the like with a cutting and clensing Decoction Or This following Apozeme will do both Take of the Roots of common Acorus Cypress and Calamus Aromaticus of each one ounce dried Citron peels and Sarsa of each six drams Wormwood Mints Marjoram Germander and Chamaepitis or Ground-pine of each one handful Citron and Annis-seeds of each two drams Senna two ounces Carthamus-seeds bruised one ounce Agarick trochiscated three drams Dodder of Thyme or Epithimum Flowers Sage Rosemary and Lavender of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half in which dissolve of the Syrup of Wormwood and candied Citron-peels of each two ounces make a cleer Apozeme and scent it with a little Cinnamon and pouder of Aromaticum Rosatum for four mornings draughts in the first and last wherof you may dissolve for the better Purging three drams of the Solutive Electuary of Citrons with one scruple of the pouder of Rhubarb The use of Turpentine is good because it clenseth al the Bowels especially if you make it into Pills with Rhubarb It is not good to let blood in this Disease except the Liver be very hot After sufficient Purging you must come to Strengthning both Internally and Externally Thus Take of Syrup of Wormwood one ounce Let him Drink it Fasting many mornings or Wormwood-wine Take Conserve of Mints Citron peels candied and candied Mutmegs of each half an ounce one candied Myrobalane of Confectio Alkermes three drams the inward skins of Hensmaws poudered two drams Cinnamon and Aromaticum Rosatum of each one dram with syrup of Mints make an Opiate or candy them with sugar of Roses use it in the morning drinking after it a little Wine Salt of Wormwood is good to be put to the aforesaid Medicines Or Oyl of Mints Chymical Or Salt of Wormwood with Orange peels or either of them to half a dram in Wine or Broth. This following Syrup is most excellent Take of the syrup of Quinces and Citron Barks candied of each two ounces Cinnamon water
be laid down in the Cure of an Hectick Feaver This following Opiate is excellent Take of Eryngus Roots candied and Conserve of Bugloss of each two ounces Conserve of Violets and Borrage flowers of each one ounce Confectio Alkermes half an ounce Diapenedion newly prepared without the Species two drams with Syrup of sweet Apples make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a Chesnut at the time of thirst drinking after it a little Borrage Water Chap. 5. Of the Hurt Concoction of the Stomach THe Concoction of the Stomach called Chylosis as of all other parts is hurt three waies either by diminishing abolishing or depraving This Concoction diminished is called Bradupepsia the abolished Apepsia the depraved is called Dyspepsia all which differences are comprehended in this one word Crudity Now this Crudity is two-fold either nidorous stinking and acidous or sharp The nidorous Crudity is when the nourishment is turned into a stinking burnt matter as when the stink of Eggs or rotten fish or fryed Oyl is smelt by belching which happens often in hot Chollerick Bodies But a sharp sowr Crudity is when meat turns sowr and the belchings are sowr and this comes from a cold distemper To these you may ad a third difference of Crudities when by reason of weak heat the matter is imperfectly concocted and is turned into flegm without sowrness The Causes that hinder Concoction in the Stomach may be brought into three Heads namely a fault in the Organ Object and things External and Internal The fault in the Organ comprehendeth all diseases in the Stomach whether they be Similar or Organ cal or Common all which may overthrow its actions but distemper is commonly the cause of hurt Concoction for since Concoction is made by a moderate heat according to Nature if at any time it want its due moderation the Concoction is hurt So a cold distemper of the Stomach which diminisheth the Heat if it be gentle it only weakeneth the Concoction and make a Brylypepsia or slow Concoction If the cold distemper be greater it abolisheth Concoction and makes Apepsia But a hot distemper doth deprave Concoction and make a Dyspepsia which is a difficult Concoction These distempers are somtimes simple and in such who have Naturally a weak Stomach and smal Natural heat or have a sharp and burning heat but they are commonly with matter hence in Hypochondriack Melancholly much flegm and fermentation of a black Humor use to cause Crudities Winds Swellings Rumblings and sowr Belchings The fault of the Object that is the nourishment which is the proper Object of the Stomach comes many waies when it offendeth in Substance Quantity Quality time or Order of being taken Nourishment is vitious in respect of its substance when it is too hard and difficult to be concocted as Deers flesh Hairs flesh especially if old and made hard with Salt or Smoak Bread full of Bran Mushroms Roots Pulse and the like which are called Dyspepta Meats offend in Quantity when too much is taken at once and therefore cannot be overcome by the heat hence come Crudities which are most usual among them who do surfet themselves If there be less eaten than is required it may seem to be crude because too little meat will be burnt and dryed in a Chollerick Stomach Meats offend in Quality which are too cold and moist and windy or they which are too hot whereby the thinner part of the Chyle is burnt and turned into nidorous vapors To this may be reduced the Art of Cookery and Sawce-making for the divers waies of roasting boyling and making of Sawce do alter the disposition of Meat by which means they become more easie or hard of Concoction The time and order of eating being preposterous may also spoil the Concoction as if any one should omit his usual time of eating and fall to at midnight or a little before he goes to sleep fill his Stomach or if after taking of solid and astringing things as Cheese Pears Quinces and the like they take liquid things which do soon corrupt Also external things may spoil the Concoction if they be immoderate so too cold Air by dulling the natural near if it be weak or too hot by dissipating the heat may hinder Concoction as also immoderate exercise especially after meat by drawing the natural heat forth from the Stomach to the external parts and so dispersing it extraordinarily as also by throwing the Chylus yet imperfect into the Guts The stoppage of the Belly and other excrements or an immoderate flux great watchings sleep in the day time great passions of the mind especialy sadness and deep study presently after meat and the like do not a little hinder the action of the Stomach Besides the Causes mentioned the Hermeticks of late time mention one less usual and not noted by the Ancients which also is not plainly demonstrated by them but it is confirmed by some conjectures not to be contemned of which we made mention in the explaining of the Causes of Fames Canina First therefore they ashrm that the Natural Concoction of the Stomach is not made by heat only but that quick melting of solid meats by which it is converted into Chylus is from another cause since Experience teacheth that meat boyling in a pot at a strong fire many daies will never be dissolved and bones in a Dogs Stomach are quickly dissolved and turned into Chylous Liquor and in the bellies of Fishes which have no actual heat all that is brought in is dissolved and concocted the same way Therefore they lay down the principal Cause of this dissolving to be a certain Spirit or sharp Liquor sent from the Spleen into the Stomach which hath great power to dissolve And they take this opinion from Galen by whom it is confirmed that a Melanchollick Humor sent from the Spleen into the Stomach doth cause appetite and that either by astringing or wrinkling the inner Tunicle of the Stomach or pulling of it by its sharpness which may be opposed for if it do it by astriction then all astringent things would do the same and if by pulling sharp things rather than sowr would provoke Appetite Therefore they think it more probable that that humor should stir up Appetite by accident by causing want of nourishment by dissolving of that which comes in And therefore they allow a more noble use of the Spleen than ever the Ancients thought of namely to be a chief instrument to serve the Stomach in Concoction This may be conjectured from Birds which dissolve the hardest seeds and have a Spleen round about their Stomach or Maw that it may more powerfully inspire that dissolving Spirit or communicate unto it sowr Liquor And Helmont from his own experience saith that that sowr Spirit is very strong in Birds for he relates that when he was a Boy and kept a Sparrow he gave it his Tongue which the Sparrow catching with his Bill disired to swallow and that touching the Throat of the
and he kept free from passions After his Diet is thus ordered we must go on to Chyrurgery and Medicine And first take away a little Blood often for the greater Revulsion and that out of the Liver Vein called Basilica in the right Arm if it come from the Liver in the left if from the Spleen or from the Ankle Vein if from stoppage of the Terms Use Frictions and Ligatures to the extream parts and give clensing Clysters Apply Cupping-glasses to the Buttocks Thighs and Loyns and to the Hypochondria Give half a scruple of Camphire with four ounces of Oxycrate or Plantane Water Which Rondeletius commends in his Counsels for excellent If you suspect there is congealed Blood give him a glass of Vinegar and Water or Oxycrate for it easily dissolveth blood and sends it from the Veins of the Stomach and shuts them up And foment the Stomach cold with the same When Vomiting ceaseth to astringe the Veins use these following Take the white of an Egg Rose Water and Vinegar of each one dram and an half Beat them well then ad two drams of Chalk Let the Patient take now and then a spoonful Or Take of prepared Coral Terra Sigillata Bole-Armenick Blood-stone and Troches of Amber of each one dram Plantane Water and Syrup of Myrtles of each two ounces mix them for to be used as the former or the pouder in Broths Or Take of the Juyce of Plantane four ounces give it cold morning and evening Galen saith there is nothing better for to stop any kind of Bloody flux The Juyce of Purslain and Polyganon or Knot-grass taken with Sugar is very good for the same Take of Plantane and Purslain Water of each one ounce and an half the Syrup of Myrtles half an ounce the Syrup of Poppies two or three drams Sal Prunellae one dram Mix them for a Julep often to be repeated Or make a Julep of the Decoction of the said Herbs Take of old Conserve of Roses and of Comfry Roots of each one ounce of Cydoniatum half an ounce one candied Myrobalan Troches of Carabe and Terra Lemnia of each two drams Coral prepared and Crocus Martis of each one dram With the Syrup of dried Roses make an Oplate to be taken often The Troches of Carabe do not only astringe but dissolve congealed blood therefore use them often The Syrup of Coral is good but the Tincture drawn newly with the Juyce of Lemmons is better When Blood is vomited violently and will not be cured by what hath been said so that death threateneth you must give Narcoticks either at the Mouth or by Clysters Anoint the Stomach without with Oyl of Roses and Myrtles washed in Vinegar and after sprinkle on the pouder of Coral Bole-Armenick and Terra Sigillata Or anoint with this Take of the Juyce of Plantane and Knot-grass of each one ounce and an half Vinegar of Roses one ounce Oyl Olive six ounces Boyl them till the Juyces are consumed then ad os Sanguis Draconis Mastich Pomegranate peels and Myrtles of each two drams Camphire one scruple as much red Wax as will serve to make an Oyntment Let him drink ordinary Water wherein Iron hath been quenched with Syrup of Quinces and Spirit of Vitriol also make all his Broths of Iron Water Let his Hypochondria and Loins be Fomented with the Decoction of Plantane and Purslain mad in Oxycrate Let his hands be put into cold Water for so al Vomiting is staied After use the Oyntment of Galen called Refrigerans washed in Vinegar to the same parts After sufficient Phlebotomy you must appoint an often and gentle Purge to take away the 〈◊〉 and destroy the Disease by which the blood wil be purged from Waterish and Chollerick Humors which produce this Disease These kinds of Purges given by a wise Physitian do Miracles as we have learnt by Experience They must be made of Rhubarb Myrobalans Tamarinds and Tryphera Persica which Medicines do al astringe with their Purging do no wayes stir the Humors so that you need not fear they wil provoke Vomiting of blood you may give them in form of a Bole with Syrup of Myrtles â—â— of dried Roses or in form of a Potion with the Decoction of Succory Sorrel Purslain or the like In time of Purging which may continue three or four dayes in a smal Dose at night you may give the aforesaid Opiate or Syrup of Coral or some of the afore-mentioned Astringent and strengthening Medicines Finally To prevent you may give for a long time once in a Week one dram of the Pouder of Rhubarb or the Magistral Syrup prescribed for to prevent Spetting of Blood as also almost al other Medicines laid down in the Cure and Prevention of that are very good here Chap. 9. Of the Disease called Cholera THis Disease is a violent sending forth both by Stool and vomiting corrupt sharp and chollerick Humors It is called Cholera Apo tes Choles from Choller as Galen shews from the opinion of the Gnidian Physitians 2. meth c. 2. that it comes from yellow Choller and evil humors like it which is sent upwards and down-wards But Alexander Trallianus lib. 7. c. 14. wil not have this Name to be derived from a Chollerick humor because Choller is not alwayes vomited but also often times a serous and Flegmatick Humor but it comes rather Apo toon Cholastoon from the Intestines which were câ—lled Cholados by the Antients because these Humors come from the Intestines and intrals yet the first Etymology is more to be approved because it is used not only by Galen but by Hippocrates 7. epid text 19. by Celsus lib. 4. cap. 11. and Aurelianus lib. 3. acut cap. 19. And although a chollerick humor is not alwayes sent forth yet one like Choller sharp biting and corrupt is alwayes voided Some say the Stomach is the part affected others the Guts others both but we must be of Galen's mind who saith 3. de sympt caus cap. 2. The part which is principally affected is the Stomach whose expulsive Faculty is vehemently stirred up so that it expels the noxious humors at both orifices But there is no doubt but the Gullet and Guts are secondarily affected Therefore this Affect is a Symptome of the expulsive Faculty being hurt and vehemently stirred up for it cannot depend upon the retentive faculty debilitated for then the humors flow by degrees as in Lienteria and Coeliaca Passio but we must confess that the Disease is more violent if the Retentive Faculty being weak do not resist the expulsive Moreover The Concoction is hurt also by which evil humors are bred in the Stomach which stir up the expulsive Faculty but this is an Antecedent Cause Hipp. 4. de victus ratione in acutis textu 104. laies down Two kinds of Choller the one Moist and the other Dry the Moist is that which hitherto hath been described and which is meant only in this definition as being the more usual but the Dry is more rare and
Cooling Diet and Convenient Remedies That Pain which comes from Inflamation Imposthume or Ulcer may be Cured with the Remedies Prescribed in the following Chapter Chap. 11. Of the Inflamation Vlcer and Imposthume in the Stomach ALthough al kinds of Tumors may arise in the Stomach as wel as other parts yet we wil speak here only of a Phlegmon or Inflamation which is most usual the other happen seldom and may be Cured by the same Method with the Tumors of other internal parts The Inflamation of the Stomach is a preternatural Tumor coming of Blood which is sent into the substance of the Stomach and its Membranes by the Veins derived from the branches of the Vena Porta This Blood is either pure and makes a proper Phlegmon or mixed with Choller Flegm or Melancholly and makes a Phlegmon Erysipelatous Oedematous or Schirrous The External Causes may be many al that inflame the Blood as hot meats wine or al that can drive it to the part as a blow upon the belly especially when it is ful to which you may ad things that are very sharp and very hot as Cantharides sublimate The signs of this Disease called Diagnostica are a great Pain burning pricking distending and beating reaching to the back you may feel a Tumor and somtimes see it the shoulders are drawn downwards the breathing is difficult as also swelling and belching somtimes blood is vomited there is a most burning Feaver with most greivous Symptomes If the Inflamation be pure only from blood it is somwhat gentler but if it be with Choller called Erysipeals there are greivous Symptomes and the febris called Lipyria in which the exterior parts are cold and the internal burn and there is an unquenchable thirst such a kind of Feaver useth to be in an Erysipetous inflamation of the intestines Like to this Inflamation of the Stomach is that which is in the upper part of the Liver by which the Stomach is covered or in that part of the belly which lieth upon it which is only distinguished by the deadly Symptomes for then the Stomach hath the most desperate From what hath been said is easie to Prognostick and to pronounce this Disease to be for the most part deadly But that is most Dangerous which is over the whol Stomach or its upper part or which is like to an Erysipetas Galen 3. Prorrhet shews That much Loathing and Rumbling of the belly is evil For it shewes that evil Humors do stick close to the Tunicle of the Stomach and pul them to provoke Expulsion If the Inflamation do not kill nor is dispersed it turns to an Imposthume which is known by the mitigation of the Pain and the Feaver while the Tumor remaineth After the Imposthume is broken there remaineth an Ulcer which is known by voiding of Matter by Vomit and Stool But an Ulcer is produced in the Stomach not only from an Imposthume but from other Causes which we shal here reckon up least we seem defective in the Theory The Causes of Ulcers in the Stomach are either Internal or External The Internal are sharp Humors bred in the Stomach or sent thither from other parts as yellow Choller or black or salt Flegm The External are sharp Medicines that Corrode or Poysons and Wounds of the Stomach not wel Cured which turn into Ulcers as also the breach of some great Veins which could not wel grow together after much Vomiting of blood An Ulcer bred in the Stomach is known chiefly by Matter which is cast forth by Vomit or Stool to which principal sign there are others to be added First there is perceived in the belly a pricking pain joyned with burning especially when any thing is taken that is strong in quality either sharp salt or sowr or very hot or cold there is also no Appetite stinking belching and a constant lingring Feaver The Prognostick is alwayes deadly except the Ulcer be very little and only in the superficies and without a Feaver For the Membrane of the Stomach being ulcerated being a Spermatick part will hardly grow together again the Nourishment will not be well concocted in a Stomach ill affected but will be thrown out before concoction and so rend the Ulcer Moreover Medicines do little good because clensers which are required for cure of Ulcers increase pain and dryers which also are required are continually hindred by the Meat and Drink and Chyle and other Humors which continually are in a weak Stomach The Cure of the afore said Diseases is several And first the Cure of Inflamation is to begin with Blood-letting often in both Arms as the strength will endure And although by reason of swooning and coldness of the extream parts the strength seem at first to be impaired yet because it comes from oppression it requires evacuation and therefore blood-letting must not be denied Moreover the opening of the Hemorrhoids if the Patient be used to that evacuation doth revel Blood from the Stomach Also Cupping-glasses both dry and with Scarrification to the Shoulders Back and Buttocks with Ligatures and Frictions of the extream parts and heating of them becauâ—e they are usually cold with hot cloathes and anointing with Oyl of Flowerdeluce and Spike and other hot things are very good We disallow Purges in this case because they trouble the Humors and draw them to the part affected But Avicen commends the Decoction of Tamarinds or half an ounce of Cassia dissolved in Whey or Endive Water if it be given every day to the seventh day because they purge not by attraction but by mollifying mitigate sharpness and asswage pain But it is better in the beginning to abstain from all Purges After the seventh day is past when there appear some signs of Concoction and declination you may give a Purge of Rhubarb one dram with one scruple of red Sanders infused in Borrage Water adding one ounce or two of Syrup of Roses that the filth which sticketh to the part may be brought forth more powerfully In the mean while you must every day give Emollient Cooling and Lenitive Clysters such as these Take of Chicken Broth or the Decoction of Mallows and Violets of each one pint Cassia new drawn one ounce Oyl of Roses and Violets of each two ounces Sugar one ounce and an half With two Yolks of Eggs make a Clyster You must give altering and strengthening Medicines at the Mouth they may be the same which were propounded in the Cure of the Pain of the Stomach from a Chollerick Humor But the Syrup of Water Lillies and of the Juyce of Purslain are peculiarly good especially in the beginning because they supply the place of Repelling Medicines Also Emulsions made of the four great cold Seeds and white Poppy Seeds are good for they asswage pain and heat As also these following Juleps Take of Rose Water three ounces Plantane Water two ounces the Juyce of Sorrel and Pomegranate Wine one ounce and an half Sugar of Roses one ounce Boyl them a little and
thing be voided either naturally or by art it is for the most part windy and like Cow-dung with water at the top because it is most Flegm which useth to be so Somtimes the Belly is so bound that in the heigth of Pain Purging Medicines that are very strong will not work The Signs of the Causes are thus to be distinguished If the Pain come of Flegm it is not so great unless it be mixed with wind which cannot get forth of the places wherein it is contained for then the pain is very great somtimes in one part as if it were bored through with a wimble or stick somtimes in many if the wind do remove the Patient is better for hot and worse for cold things He used a Diet formerly which bred flegm his water is somtimes more crude and white not alwaies which deceiveth yong unexperienced Physitians and somtimes in a flegmatick and flatulent Chollick the Urine will be yellow and reddish by reason of the extraordinary pain which doth inflame the Spâ—riâ—s and Humors contained in the Veins and Arteries Which Avicen wisely observed Fen. 13. Lib. 3. Tract 3. Cap. 11. Let no man be deceived saith he to think by the foulness inflamation and redness of the Vrine that therefore the Disease is hot for that is common to all Vrines If the Chollick proceed of wind there will be a stretching pain and a swelling of the Belly the Patient perceiveth a rumbling of the Belly and much wind and he is better when he breaketh it he used a Diet to breed it as unreasonable drinking of cold water often use of Pease Rapes Chesnuts Sallets Fruits and the like And if the wind be contained in the Cavity of the Guts the pain is movable not in one place and is somtimes greater But if it be in the â—oats and Tunicles of the Guts the pain is fixed because the wind cannot move and it is constant because it cannot get forth If the Chollick come from a sharp and Chollerick Humor it is most grievous pulling and pricking there is heat thirst and often a Feaver the Urine is very Chollerick It is worse for hot Meats and Medicines and better for cold By sending forth of Choller the disease is diminished and there went before a Diet breeding Choller The pains of other parts under the Navil are easily distinguished from the Chollick by their proper signs except the Stone whose signs are so like with those of the Chollick that very skilful Physitians have been deceived by them As Galen himself was as he confesseth 2. de loc aff cap. 5. when he was troubled with the Chollick he thought that he had the Nephritis and that a stone was fastened in one of the Ureters till the Humor was purged away and the pain ceased after which he found it to be the Chollick But by these following signs these two Diseases may be plainly distinguished if they be well observed First The Nephritis or pain of the stone is fixed in the Reins and comes from thence to the Testicles according to the length of the Ureter But the Chollick is movable and girts about the middle of the Belly like a girdle Secondly The Chollick encreaseth after Meat by reason of the compression of the Intestines from the full Belly but the Nephritis encreaseth not but rather decreaseth because some of the Nourishment is carried to the Reins which doth somthing asswage the pain Thirdly In the Chollick the vomiting is more vehement and the Body is more bound because the Colon lieth in the bottom of the Stomach and the Intestines being stretched or much provoked do constringe themselves that they may expel what is noxious But both the Symptomes are common to both Diseases so that you can hardly know their intension and remission because a strong Nephritick pain may cause a greater vomiting and astriction of the Belly then a weak Chollick Fourthly In a Chollick there is more ease found after Evacuation than in a Nephritis Fifthly In a Nephritis or the stone the Urine â—sâ—first clear and thin afterwards there is a sediment and at length sand and little stones are voided But in the Chollick the Urine is thick from the beginning As to the Prognostick The Chollick for the most part if it be gentle and little and not long nor in one place constantly but intermitting and not binding the Belly is curable and without danger But if the pain is very great and fixed in one place not intermitting and if the Belly be bound that nothing can get forth with great watchings and if vomiting follow hiccoughs doting and coldness of extream parts with cold sweats it is deadly A stubborn Chollick coming of sharp and Chollerick Matter degenerateth into other grievous Diseases as Arthritis Epilepsie or Paralysis which is most usual An Epidemical Chollick which is contagious and pestilent is commonly deadly The Cure of this Diseale is divers according to the variety of the Causes And first there is the same Cure of a flatulent and pituitous Chollick which begins with an Emollient Clyster after which followeth one Carminative and discussing as was prescribed in the Dolor Ventriculi from the like Cause which must be repeated twice thrice or four times in a day till the pain be gone and if he go not to stool in one or two Clysters as somtimes happeneth you must give a sharp Suppository In one of the aforesaid Clysters you may do well to ad four ounces of the Aqua Benedicta Rulandi Or two or three drams of Coloquintida boyled in an Emollient and Carminative Decoction If Clysters will not give ease you must not stay too long upon them but use some gentle Medicine It hath been observed that when a sick man had taken three Clysters without benefit that another Physitian came and gave but one ounce and an half of Manna with two ounces of the Oyl of sweet Almonds in the fat Broth of a Hen and cured the Patient But in a pain that comes from grofs flegm you must give stronger Medicines Afterwards Fomentations Oyntments Baths Emplaisters and the like are good which were declared in the Cure of the Dolor Ventriculi of the same Cause to which you may ad some specifical things which are fit for this Disease Wash the Guts of a Wolf in white Wine then dry them in an Oven in an Earthen pot till they may be poundered Let the Patient take a dram thereof in white Wine and he will be presently cured Boyl fair Water and ad to it the fourth part of Oyl and some gross Pepper let him take three or four spoonfuls as hot as he can endure it and the pain will be instantly gone Take of the best Aloes one dram Laudanum four grains Diagridium six grains Mix them and make six Pills gilded Let him take them at a convenient time They take away the pain aster one hour and then purge out the noxious humor Instead of these you may give Diaphoenicon and Philonium Romanum as is
prescribed in the Cure of the pain of the Stomach Hipp. Lib. de intern aff propoundeth a Purge of Purslain and Juyce of Poppies Six ounces of Oyl of sweet or bitter Almonds do asswage pain and cast the Matter cleaving to the Intestines downwards If you mix it with these things following it will be better Take of Oyl of sweet Almonds or Sallat Oyl for poor people four ounces Spanish Wine one ounce and an half Syrup of Poppies one ounce Mix them for a Potion Also Oyl of sweet Almonds mixed with Manna in fat Broth as beforesaid doth ease pain and evacuate the Matter offending One dram of Annis seeds poudered and given in Wine doth first asswage and the second time it is given quite take away the pain applying at the same time a Cataplasm of Turpentine three ounces laid on with Stuphes sprinkled with Pepper and Sanguis Draconis finely poudered of each one dram Galbanetum Paracelsi is good to discuss the Humor if the whol Belly be anointed therewith The description is in Crato thus Take of Gum Elemi lvy Galbanum Oly of Bayes of each equal parts distil them in Sand with a Retort keep the Liquors asunder first the Water then the cleer Oly then the thick Oyl like Honey which you must use first Take of Calamus Aromatious one ounce Galangal three drams the outward yellow of the Orange peel four ounces Cinnamon Annis and Fennel seeds of each three drams Cummin seeds six drams Juniper berries green half an ounce Bay berries three drams Pouder them finely and infuse them in six pints of the best Spanish Wine in a bot place six dayes then distil them in Balneo Mariae The Dose is one ounce after Evacuations You may with good snccess apply to the Belly Gum Caragna and Tacamahacha but first let a great Cupping-glass be applied to the Navil Although you apply not the Plaisters yet you must not forget to cup which as Galen saith doth discuss pain that comes of wind like an Enchantment If the Disease last long you may cure it with a Decoction of Guajacum continued for many daies Purging somtimes and giving often Clysters And if it come of glassy flegm let Guajacum be boyled in Wine as Amatus Lusitanus used it with good success Curat 32. Cent. 1. After the pain is allayed use an Apozeme to purge flegm for the carrying away of the reliques or instead thereof the Decoction of an old Cock made with incising attenuating and purging things Or that excellent Julep prescribed in the Chollick of the Stomach A Chollerick Chollick is cured by Emollient Clysters and such as temper the acrimony of the Humors Let the Belly be Fomented with an Emollient Decoction which is Anodine or which is better make a Bath of the same Also Cataplasms made of Barley and Linseed Flower boyled in Oyl of Chamomil applied to the bottom of the Belly are good As also a Cooling Epithem to the Liver made thus Take of the Juyce of Endive and Succory of each half a pint the Juyce of Lettice and Rose-Vinegar of each two ounces mix them and make and Epitheme Give Juleps of Poppy Lettice Endive and Sorrel Water with Syrup of Violets Apples and Lemons If the Pain be urgent come to Narcoticks When the pain is mitigated give the infusion and expression of Rhubarb in Succory Water with Syrup of Roses often til al the filth be evacuated If this be too gentle to eradicate the Disease give Mercurius Dulcis which being somtimes given with some Purging Diagrediats doth finish the Cure They who are not to take Diagredium may take Mercurius dulcis alone made into a Pill with conserve of Roses drinking after it the infusion of Senna with Rhubarb adding a little Manna and syrup of Roses After this you may give your sharp Vitriolated Waters When the pain is violent fly to Baths and Laudanum to which you may somtimes mix Purgers but in a great quantity because their force wil be hindered by the Laudanum Galbanetum Paracelsi although hot is fit to discuss the Humor if al the Belly be anointed therewith it is described formerly Somtimes Blood-letting is good where there is fear of a Feaver by the heat of the blood and if the Feaver be begun do it presently When there is a great Thirst give cold Water as Galen teacheth lib. 12. meth cap. 7. And Amatus Lusitanus saith That he Cured one presently with it And Septalius shews in Two Stories in the Seventh Book of his Practical Animadversions That he hath given the same and taken it with very good success For the Cure of that Chollick which turneth into a Palsie after the Belly is loosened with many Clysters and the first wayes being made open by a Purge put the Patient into a warm Bath made of an Emollient Decoction twice thrice four or five times in a day that the sharpness of the humors may be allaied and the pores of the Membranes opened The day after let the Humor be Purged with a fit Medicine then let him be bathed again and if his strength wil endure it let him do it every other day til the humors are Purged and the pain gone and the Patient Cured In the mean time let the Clysters be continued especially those made of Milk are best to asswage pain to which you may put Cassia Oyl of Violets and Lillies Let the Belly be often anointed with Oyl of Chamomil Dill sweet Almonds Lillies or with fresh butter Then let him use Whey and sharp Waters And Lastly When the Disease is of long continuance you may use those things which were prescribed for the Cure of Hypochondriak Melancholly Nor must you omit Phlebotomy from the beginning of the Disease before Purging and it must be often repeated if the Blood be evil or the pain come of a Catarrh any wayes Finally Al the Medicines mentioned in Chollerick Chollick may here be applied which if it avail not some Physitians use this following Potion which though it be sorbid and not sit fot men wel educated yet they say it Cureth presently Take of Horse-dung one ounce break it in pieces and infuse it in one pint of Poppy-Water with eight or ten drops of spirit of Vitriol strain it gently and divide the Liquor into three Doses for the time of the violent pain But if it turn into a Palsie you must anoint the Spina or back Bone and the Paralytike parts with a Resolving and a Nerve Corroborating Balsom if there be no Feaver but if there be bind Wool dipt in Oyl or some digesting Oyntment to the Paralytike parts taking heed of Cold by which the humor wil be fastned to the parts and the breathing forth of it hindered Galbanetum Paracelsi is best if it be applied to the parts aforesaid and the Navel Chap. 2. Of the Iliack Passion ILEOS or Iliack Passion took its name as some say from the Gut Ileum which chiefly is Affected in this Disease although the other thin and somtimes thick Guts are
That is most deadly in which first there is chollerick then flegmatick and after stinking vomiting and Galen 6. de loc aff cap. 2. saith none of these escape but Experience teacheth that some do as when the disease comes from retention of the faeces or Hernia Intestinalis or Rupture in the Guts They who have this Disease with the Strangury die within seven daies except a Feaver coming the Urine be more plentifully voided Hipp. Aph. 44. Sect. 6. if the Strangury come of thick and and flegmatick Humors which are plentiful in the Veins and Guts a Feaver coming thereupon they may be concocted melted and attenuated and pissed forth by which means the Ileos is cured Although Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith that he is ignorant of what Hippocrates saith here and that it cannot be confirmed by Reason and Experience If Symptomes be remitted and either Medicines or meat taken at the Mouth pass through there is hope of recovery The Cure of this Disease is to be varied according to the difference of the Causes And first if the obstruction comes from the Faeces indurate or from gross and slimy flegm you must use Emollient and Laxative Medicines both internally and externally First then give Clysters of the Decoction of Althaea Mallows Violets Chamomel and Melilot with Lin-seed and Foenugreek seed or of common Oyl to a pint in which you may dissolve the third part of Butter or of the Broth of a Sheeps Paunch in which dissolve Butter Honey and Sal gem To which Decoction if there be wind as commonly there is it is good to put Carminatives and Discussers After the Matter is somwhat mollified with these Clysters you must give first some gentle Purges then stronger and last the strongest In the mean while you must apply Fomentations and Liniments that are Emollient to the whol Belly and continue them long The Paunch of a Gelding warmed in hot Water applied to the Belly is good but mollifying Baths are better especially if they be made of Air only Also you may give inwardly the Oyl of sweet Almonds either alone with white Wine To which if the pain be great you may ad the Syrup of Poppies as was shewed in the Cure of the Chollick And lastly If there be vehement pain and much flatus you may give those other Medicines which are prescribed in the Cure of the Chollick not omitting Purges which being opportunely given take away the Cause That which comes from Inflaruation of the Intestines is to be cured by often Blood-letting if strength permit both in the Arm and Foot and by applying of Cupping-glasses with Scarrification to the Groins Also Emollient Clysters and cooling are to be given made thus Take of Althaea Roots two ounces Mallows and Violets of each one handful Guord seeds half an ounce Line and Fleabane seeds of each two drams Water Lillies and Roses of each one pugil Chamomel Flowers half a pugil make a Decoction in a pint whereof dissolve two ounces of Oyl of Roses Cassia one ounce make a Clyster and in progress of time ad Oyl of Violets and Chamomel The aforesaid Emollients must be boyled in Oxycrate Or give new Milk with a little Sugar and the white of an Egg or the Mucilage of Fleabane seeds one ounce to asswage pain Or you may make a Clyster of Oyl of sweet Almonds Barley Cream strained from the Decoction of it adding a little fresh Butter and Sugar A Clyster may be made of simple Oxycrate and be every day given which is excellent against the Inflamation of the Guts Anoint with Oyl of Violets sweet Almonds and Chamomel with Mucilage of Linseed Faenugreek seed and Quinces with Axungia of Hens and Ducks and sweet Butter Also make a Fomentation of the Decoction of those Simples which were prescribed for a Clyster Also Foment in the beginning with Oxycrate and after let the Simples aforesaid be boyled in Oxycrate And make a Catataplasm of the residence of those things in the Decoction with Barley Meal Foenugreek Lin-seed and Butter with Axungia's and Oyls aforesaid Also a Bath of warm Water in which cold and Emollient things have been boyled is most convenient After bleeding give two ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds to appease pain and if it be very great use Narcoticks If there be no vomiting you must provoke it with a draught of warm Water with Oyl of Violets for so the upper parts will be purged and the Humors will be revelled from the part affected In the whol time of Cure you must give Juleps and Emulsions prescribed in the Inflamation of the Stomach Let his Drink be Barley Water and in the beginning let him abstain from all Nourishment for twenty four hours that some of the Matter may be consumed then give him Chicken Broth. This Disease is to be attended with diligence for it is for the most part deadly The chief business in the Cure is by abstinency and this is taken from the example of those that are wounded in the Guts for they are almost famished for forty daies Therfore let men in this disease for four or five daies take only three spoonfuls of Broth every day that vomit may be hindered which doth encrease the Disease Moreover Food bringeth no comfort to the sick for it turneth not to nourishment but is plainly corrupted and the Chyle which goes from the Stomach into the Guts is mingled with the excrements retained and encreaseth vomiting He may drink more freely because it goes more easily to the Liver and it may be fit to oppose the Disease if it be well tempered Oxycrate and in a smal quantity Lastly It comes somtimes but seldom from the circumvolution of the Intestines and this is either from Wind which tottureth them or from a Hernia called Interocele or Rupture That which comes from Wind is cured by the same Medicines which Cure the flatulent Chollick But if after long use of these Medicines the belly will not be opened but all things taken are vomited up that there is little hope of health the last Remedy must be used which Hippocrates propounds 3. de morbis namely That a pair of Smiths Bellows be applied to the Anus and that they blow into his Belly Then give an Emollient Clyster with Troches of Alhandal to bring out the faeces This is good not only against the Ileos from contorsion of the Intestines but in that which comes from a grievous obstruction for by dilating the Guts it takes away the obstruction Amatus Lusitanus Curat ult Cent. 1. testifieth that he cured one desperate by this means as also Epiphanius Ferdinandus in his Physical Histories Hist 74. reports that the son of John Altimar of Naples a most expert Physitian was ready to die of this Disease and taken as it were from the Graves mouth by this means But Aurelian disalloweth it because the wind coming from the Bellows may much hurt with its cold But this may be avoided if the Bellows be
is somtimes a gnawing in the Stomach a heat in the Hypochondria there is great thirst sharp excrements and chollerick As for the Prognostick Thus Lientery and Coeliack Passion lasting long is dangerous because it catcheth a way the nourishment from the whol body from whence comes an Atrophy or a Dropsie and if it follow great and acute Diseases it useth to be deadly The Cure of this Disease is to be altered according to the variety of the Causes that produce it And First That which cometh from Flegm may be Cured by those Remedies which were propounded for the Cure of Want of Appetite coming of a cold Cause Chusing those things which are most Astringent to stay the Fux of the Belly Therefore you must begin with Purging of the peccant humor with Medicines made of Aloes Rhubarb and Myrobalans Clysters are here of little force while the Stomach is chiefly distempered except an immoderate Flux do require them and then they must be Astringent and strengthening according to the Forms which shal be propounded in the following Cures After Purging sufficiently you must strengthen the Stomach with Opiats Pouders Fomentations Plaisters and other Remedies mentioned in the place above quoted in which as I said you must not omit Astringents as Mastich Citron peels Coriander seeds Snake-weed Roots Tormentil Coral c. And besides others the Opiate following which is greatly Commended by Amatus Lusitanus is Convenient by which he saith he Cured an Old man after many other Medicines failed Take of Conserve of old Roses six ounces of the best Treacle six drams Syrup of Quinces as much as will make an Opiate of which let him take half an ounce in the morning not drinking presently after That which comes of Choller is to be cured by those Remedies which were laid down against Chollerick Vomiting as also by those which shal be described in the Cure of a Chollerick Diarrhoea That which comes from the imbecillity of the Retentive Faculty in a deadly or at least dangerous Disease is to be cured first with Fomentations applied to the Region of the Stomach thus made Take of the Roots of Snakeweed Tormentil and dried Citron peels of each two ounces the Leaves of Mints Plantane and Sea Wormwood of each one handful Nuâ—meg Cloves and Cinnamon of each three drams red Roses four pugils beat them and cut them according to art and fill two bags pinked therewith and steep them in equal parts of Iron Water and red astringent Wine or in Wine alone if there be no great Feaver and let them be applied to the Stomach warm one after another After wards use this Oyntment or some Emplaister made of those which are prescribed for Chollerick Vomiting Also anoint the whol Belly with Oyls or astringent Liniments Give Clysters of Broth in which red Roses have been boyled dissolving therein Sugar and Yolks of Eggs and somtimes Confectio de Hyacintho if the Patient be very weak And finally You may give at the Mouth strengthening and astringent things as in the Cure of Vomiting before mentioned as also thus which shal be shewed for the flux of the Belly In a Coeliack Passion the Food is sent forth crude and imperfectly concocted It only differs from Lientery in degree and is cured with the same Remedios But if the stools be altogether Chylous this Disease doth not depend upon the fault of the Stomach but upon the obstruction of the Meseraick Veins which is usual especially in Children And therefore it is to be cured by Remedies which open obstructions and strengthen the Liver because that is commonly also weak but you must use no astringents least another kind of flux should sollow These Medicines are at large set down in the Cure of the Diseases of the Liver Chap. 5. Of Diarrhoea Dlarrhoea is that kind of flux of the Belly by which the excrementitious Humors are sent forth without Blood or Food and without the Ulceration of the Intestines By the Conditions of Diarrhoea properly so called is distinguished from other kinds of fluxes because in Lientery and Coeliack Passion the Food is cast forth unconcocted or half concocted in a Dysentery and Tenesmus Blood is mixed with the Excrements as in the flux of the Liver called Hepaticus and in the Haemorrhoidal Many are the Differences thereof which that they may be cleerly explained are to be referred to three Heads The first whereof respects the Matter which is voided the second the place from whence it comes the third the Manner and efficient Cause which produceth the flux of the Belly In respect of the Matter voided this flux is divided into a Chollerick Flegmatick Melanchollick and serous or watery In respect of the place from whence it comes either it comes from the whol Body or some peculiar Part as the Brain Stomach Guts Liver Spleen Mesentery Womb and other Parts Thirdly In respect of the Manner and Efficient Cause one Diarrhoea is Critical another Symptomatical one comes from an internal Cause as a distemper or evil disposition of the internal parts another from an external as from some Medicine or Poyson These Differences are seldom found single but they are often complicated in one and the same flux So a Chollerick flux is from the Liver or the whol Body a Flegmatick from the Brain or Stomach a Melanchollick from the Spleen and a Serous from the whol Body Also these Differences are complicated from a divers mixture of Humors so that somtimes Choller Flegm and Water are sent forth by the same flux There is another kind of Diarrhoea different from the rest which is called Syntectice or Colliquativa coming from the melting away of the substance of the Body and Humors by the violent hot distemper of the solid parts such as happeneth somtimes in the Inflamation of the Bowels in a strong burning Feaver hectick or pestilential in which a fat Matter as it were mixed with Oyl or Grease is voided Lastly Fluxus stercorosus or a dungy flux is another kind in which much liquid excrement is often voided which comes from excrementitious Meats corrupted in the Stomach or a great plenty of Excrements heaped up in the Intestines The Knowledg in general is manifest namely when more liquid Excrements are voided and oftener than usually Nature doth allow The Signs of these Differences which are taken from the matter are manifest to the Senses namely Whether they be Flegmatick Melanchollick Chollerick or Serous The Parts Sending have a more difficult Diagnosis or way of Knowledg yet they are thus Distinguished If the Humors flow from the whol body there either is or hath lately been a continual Feaver or some other disease of the whol body as Cachexia evil Habit or Leucophlegmatia or white Dropsie or there hath been over-eating or drinking and there is no sign of any Disease of any peculiar part If it be Critical it is a benefit to the Patient and is easily endured and thence the Disease is either Cured or Diminished Somtimes there
hapneth a Critical Diarrhoea without a Disease in some bodies which use to lay up evil Humors and being strong do throw them forth at times when they abound and burden nature as Galen taught 7. meth Cap. 11. of which Flux Celsus maketh mention lib. 4. cap. 19. in these words It is healthful for to go often to the Stool in one day and in many dayes together if there be a Feaver and if it cease before the seventh day for the Body is purged and that which inwardly would have hurt is now sent forth Among Critical Fluxes the Serous is one which comes without a Disease aforegoing in them who have much Water in their Veins and that chiefly in the Harvest time or Autumne namely when the night and morning cold of Autumne finding the passages external and pores of the skin open by reason of the heat of Summer aforegoing doth therefore insinuate it self deeper into the body pressing forth internally the Serous Humors contained in the Veins which Nature afterwards being over-burdened with sends by the Meseraick Veins into the Intestines and many times into the Uriters Hence it is that many in the beginning of Autumne and in the first cold weather do make abundance of Urine for many dayes together But if a Diarrhoea be Symptomatical it troubles the patient much and weakeneth him and the Disease upon which it comes is encreased or at least is in the same state This Symptomatical Flux in burning Feavers and Malignant is often melting and hence it is known because the Excrements appear unctious and the body forthwith becomes lean and consumed and almost in a Marasmus If the Diarrhoea comes from the Brain the Stools are frothy as Hippocrates taught Aphor. 30. Sect. 7. which is not alwaies so For Flegm may flow from the brain without Wind which is the only cause of froth as also Wind may be mixed with Humors that are bred or contained in the stomach or intestines from whence the Excrements may be frothy though they come not from the Head Therefore we must joyn other Signs to this namely If the Brain have any manifest Disease as a Catarrh Deafness Lethargy Apoplexy or great Heaviness Pain or Sleepiness and if the Flux be more at night than day If it come from the fault of the Stomach there wil be the Signs of the Concoction of the Stomach Hurt As if the Food be corrupted and have a sharp and stinking quality by which the Expulsive Faculty is stirred up to expel them Also there wil then be the Signs of a Hot Distemper of the Stomach So if the Stools be Crude and Flegmatick and if Concoction be slow and diminished we argue that the Concoction of the Stomach is hurt by a cold Distemper and lastly we know that the fault is in the Stomach if the Patient did before fill himself with evil Food which would easily corrupt The Flux of the Belly comes from the Guts when they are ful of Worms and then there wil be signs of Worms which you may take from their proper Chapters If from the Liver The Stools wil be Chollerick because Choller is bred there and there wil be Signs of a Hot Distemper Inflamation Obstruction and other Diseases of the Liver If from the Spleen The Stools wil be commonly black or blackish a distention in the left Hypochondrion a heaviness also or pain there and other signs of the Spleen Distempered wil appear If from the Mesentery There wil be extension stretching or pain in that part But Humors gathered in the Mesentery come commonly from the Liver and Spleen If from the Womb There wil be stoppage of the Courses or the Symptomes of the Womb affected which use to be more violent and the Flux also at that time when the Terms ought to flow The Prognostick of a Diarrhoea is made thus A Flux of the Belly which is easily endured and in which the Patient finds refreshment is good On the contrary that which is painful and weakneth is evil The first is to be accounted Critical the last Symptomatical When the Liquid Excrements grow thicker it is good For it signifieth That the Faculty Worketh well by Concocting of evil Humors which is done by making them thick Thin Excrements with pain often voided are evil for they signifie great sharpness of Humors which do violently pul stimulate prick and gnaw the Guts Liquid Stools without Feeling when they are voided are evil For they either signifie Disturbance of Mind or Doting or Dissolution of the Natural Heat which is followed by the loss of Sense Liquid Stools beginning with an acute Disease and continuing with the same is evil for it signifies great plenty of Matter or an evil quality therein which forceth Nature to so sudden a flux If a strong Diarrhoea comes upon him who hath the Leucophlegmatia it causeth recovery Hipp. Aph. 29. Sect. 7. For there is an Evacuation of the Matter which was in the whol Body But this wants a limitation The Aphorism is true if this flux happen in the beginning of a Disease while the strength is good otherwise it doth not take away the disease but the Patient If a Woman with Child have a flux of the Belly she is in danger to miscarry Hipp. Aph. 34. Sect. 5. For the food which should nourish the Infant is for the most part carried away and the strength is abated as also the Ligaments of the Womb are relaxed by a continual flux of Humors thither as also the Child and the Womb are infected by the vapor of those excrements which are continually voided Yellow Stools like Yolks of Eggs green like Verdegreece livid black of divers colors or very stinking are evil For the reason which we gave in the Chapter of Vomiting As to the Cure Since a Symptomatical Diarrhoea comes commonly from corrupt Humors Chollerick Flegmatick Melanchollick or Serous and especially from Chollerick which provoke the expulsive faculty of the Intestines by their sharpness You must begin the Cure by Evacuation of the Humor offending which must be done by a Medicine which doth astringe by purging lest that flux should be encreased by motion of the Humors and you may make it thus Take of the best Rhubarb one dram Citrine Myrobalans half a dram Yellow Sanders half a scruple Infuse them in Plantane Water dissolve in the Liquor strained half a dram the pouder of Rhubarb and one ounce of Syrup of Roses Make a Potion You may ad Diacatholicon or other Medicines according to the condition of the Humor to be purged Also Vomiting is somtimes good because it Revelleth and Evacuateth the Matter of the Disease If there be signs of blood abounding and strength you must first let blood And if there be a Feaver you must open a Vein though there appear no Plethory or fulness Before and after Purging give clensing Clysters such as these Take of whol Barley two pugils Bran and red Roses of each one pugil Liquoris scraped and Raisons whol of
for by so doing it is burnt The Preparation is thus made Take of Rhubarb one dram and an half infuse it in three ounces of Plantane Water some few hours strain it press it gently and then infuse it again in three ounces of new Plantane Water and dissolve in the straining half an ounce of Cassia make a Potion If you desire by reason of the abundance of crude Humors to Purge more then you may make Syrup of Roses or Diacatholicon or other mild things but beware of strong Somtimes a Vomit is very good if the Patient be inclinable and the Humors stand in the Stomach for it makes a revulsion of the Humors from the part affected Which Amatus Lusitanus wisely mentioned Curat 44. Cent. 2. in these words If the Physitian can draw upwards and cast out by Vomit a Humor that is Chollerick and sharp flowing to the Guts to make a Dysentery it would be contrary to the Precepts of Galen in his Book of Medicinal Art and Method of Cure to carry the matter by the Guts which are full of Vlcers But when the Physitian cannot do it although he ought to try his best skill he must then use Purges and especially Rhubarb This Hippocrates taught Aph. 15. Sect. 6. After a long flux of the Belly if Vomiting come of it self the disease is cured But Galen in his Comment upon this Aphorism saith That this is the example of those things which are done rightly by Nature which a Physitian ought to imitate And Mercatus confirms the same in these words Divert the Humors another way by bleeding if thou canst also purge and Vomit especially in salt flegm for thus we have seen old Dysenteries cured Angelus sala prescribeth this following Vomit in a Dysentery Take of Salt of Vitriol half a dram or a dram Syrup of Quinces and Bettony Water of each one ounce Cinnamon Water ten drams Mix them and drink it off There is great Dissention among Authors concerning Blood-letting in this Disease And it is the Opinion of the wisest that in a Feaver and Inflamation of the Intestines which is commonly joyned with an Ulcer that it ought to be in the beginning of the Disease before the strength be decayed by it for so there is a revulsion of Blood and sharp Humors flowing to the Guts And Valescus de Taranta and Amatus Lusitanus in an old Dysentery drew Blood Valescus saith That a very old man had a Dysentery three months I being sent for when other Physitians opposed it commanded a Vein to be opened he presently amended And Amatus saith thus That an honest Physitian went to a man who had a Dysentery thirty daies with a great Feaver and after the use of divers Medicines was brought very low and lean his flux continuing with much Blood and drew Blood from the Liver Vein of his right Arm and observe with what success Presently miraculously the blood stopped though his flux continued But by Clysters with Sugar and astringent Medicines both internal and external his belly was bound and he cured In the mean while give many Clysters first asswaging mild and clensing then glutinous and astringent and somtimes in one Clyster all together or most of them Mild gently and anodine Clysters that asswage pain are made of Milk either alone or with two or three yolks of Eggs or with the Mucilage of Fleabane Seeds and Quinces of each four ounces with Sugar or Honey of Roses one ounce Goats Suet one ounce or with Milk wherein Gold Iron or Flints have been quenched that the serous part may be consumed and so it may be more glutinous In want of Milk you may give Almond Milk or Barley Cream or Rice Milk alone or together as also the Broth of Mutton Chicken Capon or a Sheeps Head and mix the former things therewith It is usual to boyl Roses and the Herb Hors-tail with a Sheeps Head Or this following Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce clensed Barley or Rice one Pugil Lin-seed and Quince seed of each one ounce Fleabane seed half a dram Chamomel flowers one pugil Boyl them in Milk or Broth adding the Suet and Yolks of Eggs and other things before mentioned Or you may make it of Milk alone boyled with Marsh-mallow Roots at the first to clense and asswage the pain If the Pain be great you must mix Narcoticks as Philonium Persicum one or two drams Pils of Hounds-tongue one or two scruples Syrup of Poppies one ounce and an half Laudanum five or six grains in your Clysters If there be an Inflamation in the Guts which may be known by constant pain and increasing when it is touched also by a Feaver and dryness of the Tongue let blood again give Clysters of Rose Water with Salt of Lead and foment the Belly with Oxycrate or Wine and Water Also you may give Salt of Lead at the Mouth to ten grains with Conserve of Roses Clensing Clysters are made of Barley Water Bran red Roses Sugar or Honey of Roses But for the greater clensing and glutinating the Ulcer ad one dram of Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg. When the Ulcer is more foul you must use greater clensers as Beets Pellitory of the wal in the aforesaid Decoction The strongest Clensers are Centaury Wormwood Gentian Brine or Pickle from Galen 12. Meth. Cap. 1. and the like the use of which is now very rare Zacutus Lucitanus durst use Arsenick and yet with good success as you may see Obs 18. Lib. 2. of his Admirable Practice of Physick Some Chymicks use of the Oyl of Wax in Clysters one dram and anoint the Belly with the same To glutinate or heal up the Ulcer first use gently Dryers in Clysters and a little astringent then such as are more drying and binding Therefore make them first of Chalybeat Milk in which Roses have been boyled or of Barley Water or Water of parched Rice and red Roses one pugil adding to both Clysters two Yolks of roasted Eggs somtimes Honey of Roses and when you will have it work better one ounce of the Juyce of Plantane To bind and glutinate more make it thus Take of the Roots of Comâ—bry and Mullein of each one ounce Plantane and Comâ—bry leaves of each one handful red Roses and parched Barley of each one pugil Myrtles two drams Make a Decoction in Cistern Water in one pint of the straining dissolve of Honey of Roses one ounce one white of an Egg or one ounce of the Mucilage of Gum Traganth Goats Suet two ounces the Juyce of Yarrow and Knot-grass one ounce Make a Clyster Take of Snakeweed Roots or Tormentil one ounce and an half Shepheards-purse Knot-grass Horstail and Mousear of each one handful Pomegranate flowers Acorn cups Cypress Nuts of each two drams parched Rice one pugil make a Dcoction in Forge Water in a pint of the straining dissolve two ounces of the Juyce of Plantane and two Yolks of roasted Eggs. Make a Clyster Angelus sala wonderfully commends the
following Clyster Boyl a Sheeps Head cloven in two till the flesh come from the bones add to the Broth strained of the tops of St. Johns Wort two or three handfuls Tormentil Roots grosly bruised two ounces Infuse them three or four hours upon the Embers Let the straining be twice or thrice given as a Clyster The Juyce of Plantane alone or with the Milk or Barley Water is good Gum Traganth two drams or the Infusion of it in Rose or Plantane Water is good to put in Clysters or it makes a very good one if it be mixed with Juyce of Plantane and Goats Suet instead of Gum Traganth Or with it you may with profit use Gum Arabick Frankinsence Mastich and Sarcocol All which being dissolved in the aforesaid Liquors do work by glewing neither do they exasperate the Ulcer as the strong Astringents Amaâ—us Lucitanus doth much approve Clysters made of them because they do cover as with a Plaister the internal Superficies of the Guts against the gnawing of the Matter he makes them thus Take of Barley Water ten ounces one white of an Egg well beaten Gum Arabick and Goats Grease of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses two ounces Bole-Armenick and Gum Traganth of each one dram mix them for a Clyster But lest those Emplastick Clysters should fasten the sharp Matter and shut it up by their clamminess you must use clensing Clysters also which must not be long retained and you must somtimes use clensing Clysters intermixed with astringent In the astringent you may put Acacia Hypocistis or Conserve of Sloes Sanguis Draconis Blood-stone the Juyce of Maddir taken out with Rose or Plantane Water Bole Armenick Terra Sigillata or sealed Earth the Troches of Amber and the white Troches of Rhasis to one or two drams Other Pouders are hurtful because they settle in the Liquor and provoke the part to pain And it is better to infuse the aforesaid Pouders in Liquor or in a Decoction and to give them strained While you give Clysters you must give at the Mouth Medicines of the same Nature and that oftener when the upper Guts are ulcerated to which the Clysters cannot reach If there be no Feaver you may profitably when you intend to clense give Goats Milk and when you intend to glurinate Cows Milk both with Sugar of Roses But Chalybeat Milk that is Steel infused doth knit or glutinate better three ounces thereof with Juyce of Plantane and Sugar of Roses of each one ounce make an excellent Medicine Or boyl Comphry Roots in Steeled Milk Or make Bread of the finest Barley with Yolks of Eggs and set it into the Oven after the Bread is drawn Crum Milk and Sugar there with til it is as thick as a Pultis of which let him take five or six spoonfuls twice or thrice in a day Veal broth boyled very long doth asswage pain in the Ulcers And Cream of Rice doth heal them up Lerius reports in his History That many troubled with Dysenterles in a long voyage almost starved and were cured with Rice boyled in Milk with Yolks of Eggs and Juyce of Ground Ivy. Also you may boyl Rice in Almond Milk in which Gold hath been quenched Cream of Barley with Sugar doth clese and cool Broth made of Burnet with Butter given three daies together morning and evening doth much further the Cure and the more if the Decoction of Burnet at the same time be given for ordinary Drink The Rinds of two greenish Oranges boyled in eight pints of Water for ordinary Drink doth half the Cure Of the Pouder of a dead-mans Skul one dram twice or thrice given in Broth or other convenient Liquor doth quickly cure perfectly Two spoonfuls of the Mucilage of Gum Tragacanth drawn with Rose Water or Gum Arabick half a dram may be dissolved in al his Broths as also one spoonful of the Gelly of Harts-horn is good After the Body is wel Clensed give astringent Decoction to compleat the Cure which must be made of the Roots of Snake-weed Tormentil Comfry Plantane Leaves Yarrow Shepherds-Purse Horse-tail Mouse-ear Agrimony Plantane and Sorrel Seeds Sumach Grape-stones Red Roses c. in Cystern Water dissolving therein the Syrup of Quinces Myrtles or of dried Roses as also somtimes Acacia Hypocistis Conserve of Sloes Bole Armenick Spodium or burnt Ivory The Juyce of Quinces boyled to the consistence of a Syrup or Rob without an addition given a spoonful or two often is very profitable The like Juyces may be made of Pears Cornel or Dog-tree Berries and other sharp Fruits Take the Fat Guts of a Sheep boyl them till the Liquor come to half a Porringer then put a little sweet Oyl thereto and let him drink it if the Dysentery be not very stubborn it cureth it at the first or second draught Oyl and Rose Water given in equal parts do the same Let two yolks of hard Egs and mixed with Rose Water be taken with Sugar and a little Nutmeg twice or thrice The Juyce of Plantane only given three or four ounces at a time or mixed with other proper things is excellent and if there be an inflamation it allayeth it Hollerius saith That the Juyce of Ground-lvy taken hath saved many a mans life Juleps of Waters or Decoctions and Astringent Syrups are to be often given Syrup of Coral as also the Tincture and Magistery thereof are very good which must be taken often in a spoon Or these following Take of syrup of Grapes Myriles and of Juyce of Plantane Quinces and dried Roses and syrup of the Juyce of Purslain of each one ounce mix them for the use aforesaid In the end of a Dysentery the suyce of Wormwood and Mints wel purified and made into a Syrup with Sugar is very available For Mints mixed with Wormwood hath great force to strengthen the Stomach And it the Dysentery came by eating much Fruit in the beginning Syrup of Wormwood with Cinnamon or Treacle Water is excellent if you at the same time use Fomentations and Emplaisters to strengthen the Stomach A Quince made hollow and filled with the shavings of Virgins Wax roasted under the Embers given for some few days together is a most proper Remedy Quercetanus makes the same Medicine of pomum Curtipendulum made hollow and filled with Gum Arabick and Wax of each one dram then roasted and after'tis eaten let him drink a draught of astringent Decoction Others roast a yong Pidgeon stuft with Wax and give it for a dinner The use of Medlers according to Forestus cures old Dysenteries lib. 22. obs 1. which we mentioned in Diarrhoca Bruyerinus lib. 8. de recibaria cap. 12. writes that he was Cured of a desperate Dysentery by eating raw Service-berries by the advice of an Old Woman Nor let us omit the Oak Grape mentioned by Martin Ruland which he saith is under the Earth upon the Roots of an Oak in Spring time of a binding taste outwardly like Purple inwardly white and like Milk which dieth in Summer and
three drams Myrobalans Chebs and Emblicks parched of each one ounce Bole sealed Earth and Blood-stone of each six drams Coriander seeds prepared one ounce and an haly Spodium or burnt Ivory two drams Roses one ounce the Species of three Sanders without Camphire half an ounce Rust of Iron prepared one ounce Barley flower two ounces Oyl of Mastich and Myrtles of each as much as is sufficient make an Emplaister to cover the whol Belly from the Cartilage called Ensiformis or Xiphoides to the Os Pectinis or the Bone at the bottom of the Belly You may also make a Fomentation for the whol Belly of a Decoction of astringent things made in Iron Water with a little red Wine and Vinegar Or Take of red Roses two handfuls Wormwood and Mints of each one handful Nutmeg and Cypress Roots Mastich and Galangal of each one dram With a linnen cloth make a bag as big as the belly which being warmed in red Wine or Vinegar may be laid upon the belly Or Take of Wormwood Mints Plantane Oak Leaves and tops of Brambles Horstail and Knot-grass of each one handful Chamomel flowers two pugils red Roses half a handful Myrtles one dram Seeds of Sumach Plantane and Coriander of each six drams Nutmegs three make a Decoction in steeled Water and red Wine for to foment the Belly Rulandus doth apply a bag of Bran boyled in Vinegar If the pain be great apply a linnen cloth wet in steeled Milk that is warm But if Fomentations wil not Cure you may use Waters to sit in called Insessus These are commended by Matthew de Gradi Savanarola and Jachinus who saith that they are a great secret for the Cure of Children for by their actual heat they do drive the Humors somwhat towards the Skin and by their aâ—â—ringent quality stop the flux But you must not use them if the Body be very full of evil Humors or if the Dysentery be malignant and joyned with a Feaver They are made of Oak buds green Cypress Berries green Pine-nuts or Leaves Barks and other such like boyled in Water of the aforesaid Decoctions for Fomentations You may make Fumigations that the Patient may receive the vapor of them through a hollow Chair Especially a Decoction made of Mullein and the Fume thereof received is commended in this Disease and also for a Diarrhoea Faventinus commends a Fumigation made of Turpentine cast upon a hot Iron taken up into the Body twice a day And he commends also this Fomentation Take of Balm one pound Mullein one handful Put them in a long bag boyl it well in red Wine and strong Vinegar and apply it to the Fundament Rulandus useth a Decoction of Acorns in Vinegar for a Fomentation And Faventinus propoundeth this following Lotion as a secret to stop the Dysentery Take of the dross of Iron and filings of Steel both prepared in Vinegar of each one pound then boyl them in two pints of very strong Vinegar to the consumption of half Let the Patient put his feeâ— and his hands half an hour every morning and evening therein In a long Disease and when there are Ulcers in the Guts Quick-silver is good if it be mixed with Oyntment of Roses and the belly anointed therewith As also the Clysters afore mentioned for filthy Ulcers At the same time you may give Milk and Syrup of Myrtles Also one dram of true Balsom given in a Wafer doth wonderfully heal al inward Ulcers For asswaging pain apply the Caul of a new killed Sheep to the belly and bind it on especially to Children and repeat it often If the Liver Stomach or Brain cause this flux you must use proper Medicines to them alwaies making choice of those that do astringe and strengthen For his ordinary Drink give him Spring Water with Conserve of Roses the Tincture of Roses a Decoction of Oaken Leaves or Water wherein Terra sigillata is infused or wherein red hot Gold hath been quenched with Syrup of Quinces Myrtles or dried Roses Or when there is no Feaver use a weak Decoction of Mastich with the Syrups aforesaid According to Crato's Judgment you must not use any chaly beat or steeled Drink for it doth not astringe as commonly they suppose but troubleth the belly Others commend the Decoction of Gramen or Dogs Tooth because it is good to dry and divert by Urine Lastly 'T is worth the Observation which Aetius speaks Lib. 3. Cap. 8. and Paulus Lib. 1. Cap. 35. that old fluxes are dryed up by Venery Which Hippocrates said formerly 7. Epid in the end Excessive Venery doth cure fluxes of the belly Amatus Lusitanus learned this Truth by Experience Curat 41. Cent 2. One troubled with a Dysentery saith he very violently was married and the first night he lay with his Wife was cured Let this be added for a Conclusion which is related in the Cure of Diarrhoea out of Platerus in his Cure of the flux of the Hemorrhoids Hot Blood of either Man or Beast given in a Clyster doth wonderfully stop and cure the flux Chap. 7. Of Tenesmus TEnesmus is a continual desire to go to stool and voiding of nothing but Slime or bloody Matter The immediate Cause of this Disease is an Ulcer in the streight Gut called Intestinum rectum from which Quittor or filthy Matter continually floweth and stirreth up the expulsive Faculty by which means there is a continual desire of going to stool Moreover there is voided a slimy Matter mixed with blood from the depravation of the Homoiosis or quality that converts things into its likeness of the ulcerated part because it cannot wel concoct its proper Nourishment and make it like it self but turns it into another slimy substance as we shewed more at large in Dysenteries and other Ulcers of the Guts But in regard we said in the Chapter of Dysentery That al the Intestines might be ulcerated in that disease thence it seems to follow That the Ulcers of the straight Gut called Rectum belong to a Dysentery Yet Custom hath so prevailed that when the Rectum is only hurt it is called by the name of Tenesmus And because when other Guts are affected if the Rectum suffer there is also Tenesmus or needing although the disease be then called a Dysentery therefore Dysentery and Tenesmus are of the same Nature and have the same Cause and differ only in respect of the part affected And therefore we need not repeat the Causes because they are the same with those that produce a Dysentery For the Knowledg of this Disease there is no more required but to distinguish it from a Dysentery which you may learn from the definition For in a Tenesmus there is a continual needing but in a Dysentery it is by fits besides in that after great straining there is voided only a little slime bloody or mattery but in a Dysentery both Excrements and Humors are continually voided The Signs of the Causes are the same with a Dysentery As for the Prognostick Celsus Lib.
the Liver which also destroyeth the Natural heat This evil disposition and occult distemper may come by burning and swooning Feavers by a hot distemper of the Bowels which melteth the Oyly substance by occult corruption and corruption of Humors by a great coldness from flegm and Melancholly abounding which doth oppress and corrupt the Natural heat and it may come by outward Causes as great draughts of cold Water Snow or Ice extraordinary eating of raw Sallets Poyson and Medicines that purge too vehemently By drinking of too much new Wine salt sharp and peppered Meats and strong things which parch the substance of the Liver To these you may add al other Causes which by too much cooling or heating do dissolve the strength and tone or order of the Liver Hitherto is declared a true and proper flux of the Liver which hath this sign there are Liquid and ferous stools like washings of flesh from the weakness of the Liver which cannot sanguifie or make blood well or from a malignant distemper which spoileth the Natural heat and moisture There is also a bastard flux of the Liver which comes of a simple distemper without any fault of the radical moisture by which distemper the faculty is not hurt but the work hindered so that instead of pure blood there comes impure and corrupt or the good turns into evil when in a true of the Liver there is never any good blood in the Liver The Blood is corrupted either by the mixture of Choller or Melancholly or some other impure Matter or from its too long staying in the Liver and the parts adjacent by which it is made thicker or burnt or rotteth or from the fault of the Spleen which doth not suck away the drossie blood and in this bastard flux somtimes thick somtimes black and somtimes blood is voided mixed with Humors of divers colors The signs of this Disease may be gathered from what hath been said For in a true flux there appear moist stools like washings of flesh which is not in other bloody fluxes if in a Dysentery at any time it is seldom and then there is choller flegm and excrements of divers colors voided and in a Dysentery there is pain and torment of the belly but in this none The Signs of the Causes are known by their proper Characters For if the weakness of the Liver come from a hot distemper there went a burning and consuming Feaver before or there is green vomits or stools thirst and a Feaver foulness of Body and want of appetite and stinking Evacuations but if it come from a cold cause the stools are less stinking neither is there thirst or consumption the whol Body is colder and blewish Somtimes there comes a Feaver from the putrefaction of Humors which changeth the said symptomes but you must examine the Causes afore going which will declare both distempers Also in this cold distemper the Patients desire much strong Wine A moist and dry distemper are known by the contrary effects A moist causeth more and oftener stools very thin but a dry little and thicker stools but there is also great thirst Lastly The external Causes are known by the relation of the Patient and those that are with him A bastard flux of the Liver hath almost all signs of a Dysentery only there is no pain of the belly nor pieces of flesh in the stools as in a Dysentery The Prognostick of this Disease useth to be evil and deadly for when a principal part is very ill by consumption of the radical moisture whose reparation is scarce to be hoped for we can expect for the most part nothing but destruction especially when the Disease comes of heat When this disease comes in Feavers there presently follows a melting of the Body and great putrefaction which presently kils the party For in malignant and pestilent Feavers the danger is encreased according to the evil condition of the Cause But when this Disease comes of a cold distemper it useth to last longer and turn into an incurable Dropsie Lastly A bastard flux of the Liver although it be dangerous yet is it less than a true because it comes only from a simple distemper and evil disposition of the Humors the tone and strength of the Liver remaining sound and may be cured by taking away the Causes that defile the Blood The Cure of this Disease is wrought by Medicines that strengthen the Liver correct its distemper and stay the flux And because it comes oftenest of a hot distemper therefore we wil first speak of the Cure of that distemper because it comes seldom of a cold Cause and is to be cured as a Dropsie First therefore although Evacuations seem to be needless by reason of the greatnâ—ss of the flux you may give Rhubarb either alone or with Myrobalans as in the Cure of Dysentery because it doth strengthen the Liver and the rather if you sind any filth in the stools for many Patients have been cured by only one scruple of Rhubarb given many daies together in Conserve of Roses Clysters are here of little worth because the Liver is affected yet somtimes you may give one of chaly beat or steeled Milk or of a gentle astringent Decoction lest the Guts should be too much relaxed But you may make Juleps to strengthen the Liver and correct its distemper thus Take of Succory Graminis or Dogs Teeth and Sorrel Roots of each one ounce Endive Succory Plantane and Dodder of each one handful Sea-wormwood half a handful red Sanders one dram and an half the shavings of Ivory and Spodium of each two scruples Corâ—ander seeds prepared one dram red Roses one pugil boyl them to â—â—e pint and an half dissolve in the straining Syrup of Quinces and simple Syrup of Vinegar of each two ounces Make a Julep for four Doses to be taken morning and evening Or Take of Plantane Water four ounces Syrup of dried Roses one ounce Spirit of Vitriol aâ— much as will make it moderately sharp make a Julep to be repeated often He may also take of these Syrups following often in a spoon Take of Syrup of Myrtles Quinces and dried Roses of each one ounce the Syrup of Succâ—â—â— simple or compound with Rhubarb one ounce and an half mix them There is an excellent Syrup made of the Tincture of Roses made in Rose Water and with Sugar of Roses brought into a Syrup Also this following Pouder given to the quantity of half a dram or a dram once or twice in a day in a rear Egg Broth or other fit Liquor may be used with profit Take of Plantane and Soâ—rel seeds of each one dram Endive Purslane Dodder and Coriander seeds of each one scruple red Roses and Troches of Spodium Gum Tragacanth torrefied of each half a dram the inward skins of Hens Gizzards dried half a scruple make a very fine Pouder Or the Lozenges made of the three Sanders with a double quantity of Rhubarb given to two drams at a time are good
to strengthen the Liver as also this following Opiate Take of Conserve of Succory Roots one ounce Conserve of old Roses half an ounce the pulp of Currans six drams Crocus Martis one dram prepared Coral shavings of Ivory and Harts-horn of each one scruple with the Syrup of dried Roses make an Opiate adding half a scruple of Spirit of Vitriol of which let him take the bigness of a Chesnut three hours before meat You may also add the Liver of a Wolf prepared which is a specifical proper Medicine according to divers Authors Raisons of the Sun because they are good for the Liver are commended in this disease therefore you may eat them in great plenty with their stones which that they may be better taken may be beaten first in a Marble Mortar Or make a Rob or Syrup of Raisons boyling them in red Wine if it be not too hot and then straining out the Juyce and boyling it again til it is thick which you may use alone or in some of an Opiate with these following Take of Currans half a pound boyl them to the thickness of a Pultis in old Wine pass them through a sieve and mix with the straining candied Citron peels half an ounce the pouder of the three Sanders and Diamargariton frigid of each one dram Coral prepared and red Roses of each four scruples the Liver of a Wolf prepared three drams make an Opiate The Syrup of Coral is very excellent to strengthen the Liver and stay the flux thereof but the Tincture thereof is far better As also the Extract or Magistery given in Plantane Water The Juyce of yong Nettle tops given either by it self to two ounces or with Water and Vinegar every morning for three daies together stops the flux and purifieth the corrupt blood But because in this Disease the Body is much consumed a restoring distilled Water that wil also stay a flux either must be given often by it self or with all other Drinks Take a fat Capon and a Partridg and pulling of the Feathers and the Guts ouâ— â—ill their Bellies with Succory Agrimony and Snails of each one handful Conserve of Roâ—es three ounces Plantane and Coriander seeds prepared of each two drams Citron Myrobalans one dram Blood-wort half a handful the Troches of Amber and of Spodium of each four scruples the pouder of the Electuary de Gemmis or precious Stones the three Sanders and Dâ—amargariton frigid of each one dram Sprinkle them all with astringent Wine and putting them into the bellies of the Fowls boyl them in a close vessel in four pints of Water til half be consumed then put them al into a glass Limbeck with three ounces of good Wine distil them in Balneo Mariae for the use aforesaid For Drink let the Patient take the Tincture of Roses or the Decoction of Succory and Dogs-tooth with Syrup of Quinces and some few drops of Spirit of Vitriol Things made of Barley Almonds and Rice are best in his Meats Outwardly to his Belly apply those things which were prescribed in the Cure of Dysentery with some things for the Liver as Wormwood Roses all the Sanders Spodium or burnt Ivory c. Which anointings of the Belly must reach to the region of the Liver You may al o apply the following Epitheme to the Liver Take of Endive and Succory of each one handful Dodder and both sorts of Wormwood of each half a handful red Roses one pugil red Sanders one dram and an half Spodium two scruples boyl them to one pint and an half and dissolve in the straining two ounces of Rose Vinegar boyl them again gently and make an Epitheme Let the same part be anointed with the following Oyntment Take of Cerat of Sanders two ounces Oyl of Quinces and of Wormwood of each three drams Mix them for a Liniment Lastly If the Patient be troubled for want of sleep as is usual because this kind of flux is most in the night you must use Narcoticks such as were propounded for the former fluxes Chap. 9. Of the Worms ALthough Worms breed in divers parts of the Body yet because they are more usual in the Gut than in other parts therefore we wil speak only of those By some it is questioned to what kind of Disease that is preternatural the Worms are to be referred But we can take away al occasion of doubting by saying that after a divers consideration they may refer to all kinds of Diseases for as they prick and pull the Guts or obstruct them and produce other diseases they may be said to be causes of diseases But as they are substances added to those which ought naturally to be contained in the Guts they are reckoned by Galen in the number of those Diseases which are in the number encreased wholly against Nature as the stone also And lastly as they are sent out preternaturally by the belly or the mouth they are to be referred to the fault in Excretion or sending forth Galen in his Comment upon the Aphorisms Aph. 26. Sect. 3. propounds three kinds of Worms The round Worms which are often bred in the Guts and get often up into the Stomach the Ascarides or little Worms like smal thrids which use to lie in the inferior part of the thick Intestines and over against the Sphincter Muscle and the broad Worms called Fascia because they are long and broad like Childrens Swathing bands This kind is more rare to be seen than the rest and a Physitian shall scarce see them in his practice twice or thrice in a yeer yet there are great Controversies among Authors about them some say it is one Worm only some that it is made of many united which they call Cucurbitinos or Gourd Worms and say that they are parts of the broad Worm others make a fourth kind containing the Gourd Worms but we do not intend here to shew their Reasons and several Experiences they have so much boasted of the curious Reader may search for his better satisfaction Rondoletius Platerus Sennertus and many others Moreover There is a great Controversie of the Causes of Worms some say they come of putrid heat others from the Natural others say that both concur for the production of them The first say That all Infects or Vermine come from corruption according to Aristotle The second say That putriu heat is strong â—iery and destructive and therefore is not fit to produce a live body The third â—ort to reconcile the former say that the Matter is disposed by the putrid heat to generate Worms and the Natural heat doth turn it so prepared into worms by way of Concoction But this Reconciliation wil not hold because according to the axiome in Physicks it is the property of the same thing to dispose the matter and bring in the form and therefore the preparation of the matter and the introduction of the form ought to be from the same agent besides Worms breed in Carkasses where there is no native heat we may
with it and so it wil be stronger Also Spring Water made sharp with some few drops of the Spirit of Virriol or Sulphur is of no less force For sharp things do properly kill VVorms and the Water is to be made more or less sharp according to the age of the Party The Decoction of Dog-tooth with Coriander seed prepared is used vulgarly for ordinary drink mixed with Syrup of Lemons or of pomegranats Or you may put Sugar and a little Vinegar in the Decoction While the aforesaid Remedies are used you must give Clysters often the whol time of the Disease first made of sweet things to attract and draw down the VVorms as at first we said which may be made not only of a Decoction of Liquoris Raisons and Figs but also of Chicken-broth and Sugar and Honey of Roses or of Milk if there be no Feaver otherwise it wil be easily Corrupted But if we conjecture that the VVorms are already in the thick Guts because then they can scarcely ascend into thin Guts you may give Clysters to kil them made thus Take of Dog-Tooth Roots one ounce Beets Mallows Pot Mercury and Purslain of each half an handful Coralline one pugil Coriander seeds prepared and Wormseed of each two drams boyl them in a Quart of Water in one Pint of the straining dissolve two ounces of Oyl of Roses Cassia newly drawn six drams Hiera Picra two drams Honey of Violets one ounce make a Clyster If you wil have stronger Take of Gentian Roots one ounce common Wormwood and Southernwood of each one handful the lesser Centaury half an handful Lupâ—nes half an ounce Wormseed two drams make a Decoction In as much of the straining as you think fit dissolve the Oyl of Wormwood one ounce and an half Salt one dram and an half â—â—ake a Clyster which must be repeated and in the last that the Worms may be brough forth after they are killed dâ—ssolve of Benedicta Laxativa and Hiera Picra of each three dramâ— or half an ounce If there be a Flux of the Belly give this following Clyster Take of Tormenâ—l Roots and of Round Buth-wort of each one ounce and and an half Pomegranate Peels and Myrcha ans of each one ounce Pease a smal handful Myrtle berries one dram Red Roses one pugil make a Decoction and dissolve in the straining of Oyl of Mints or of Wormwood one ounce make a Cryster Outwardly may divers Topicks be applied not only those that were mentioned but these following Take of Gentian Roots one ounce Birth-wort Roots six drams Orange Peels one ounce Coloquintida one dram burnt Harts-horn two drams Saffron half a dram make a Pouder which mix with Oyl of Wormwood or Bitter Almonds and with a little Wax make an Vnguent Also common Oyl boyled with the Pulp of Coloquintida is powerful Also Oyl of Wormwood and St. Johns-wort must be applied to the whol Belly morning and evening Take of Oyl of Wormwood Mints and bitter Almonds of each half an ounce the Juyce of Wormwood and Rue of each two ounces Tormentil white Dittany and Zedoary of each half a dram Ox Gall three drams Aloes one scruple Pouder them and with a little Wax make an Oynment Or Take of Coloquintida six drams Pouder it and with an Ox Gall lay it to the Navel by which both the Worms are killed and the belly kept loose Take of Murrh seven drams Mast ch eight ounces Aloes eighteen ounces common Salt one pound bruise them all and Distil them by a Retort with a gentle Fire and great diligence first you will have a Water than an Oyl with which if you anoint the Navel of a Child all putrefaction will be clensed which is in the Mysentery Also you may make a Cataplasm thus Take of the meal of Lupines two ounces Myrrh and Aloes of each two drams Ox Gall as much as is sitting Oyl of Wormwood two ounces make a Cataplasm for the Belly If a Loosness hath Continued long apply this following Cataplasm Take of Oyl of Quinces and Wormwood of each one ounce the Juyce of Purslain extracted with Vinegar one ounce and an half Peaseflowr an ounce Lupine flowr half an ounce Red Coral and burnt Harts-horn of each three drams mix them together with as much Turpentine as wil make a Cataplasm A Cataplasm also made of only Hiera Picra is most powerful Somtimes you may use Fomentations when there is a great stretching and puffing up of the Belly Made thus Take of Wormwood Southernwood Tansie Scordium Mallows and Violets of each one handful beaten Lupines half an ounce Centaury one pugil boyl them in Vinegar and Water and Foment the whol Belly hot therewith very often Finally For Flat VVorms and Ascarides or Ars-Worms Clysters made of bitter things are good to which you may ad the Purging things aforesaid while the filth of which they breed be purged away Chap. 10 Of the Immoderate Flux of the Hoemorrhoids ALthough the moderate Flux of the Hoemorrhoids be healthful and preserveth a man from many and grievous Diseases as Hippocrates taught in epidemii and in his Aphorisms as from a Pleurisie Peripneumonia or Inflamation of the Lungs nephritis or the Stone in the Kidneys Madness Melancholly and innumerable other Yet the immoderate Flux is most dangerous and brings other pernicious Diseases as Weakness of the whol Body Coolness of the Bowels and especially of the Liver an Atrophy or want of nourishment an evil Habit and Dropsie by the loss of Natural Heat by spending too much Blood which is the treasure of Life and the cheerisher of the whol Body And this Immoderate Flux hath the same Causes which use to provoke other sorts of Bleeding namely Blood offending in Quantity or Quality when it offendeth in Quantity and is brought in great plenty to the Haemorrhoid Veins it doth violently dilate them and open their Orifices by the strength of the Expulsive Faculty but somtimes too much Blood coming thither doth oppress the Retentive Faculty Hence it comes that she being Defective in her duty there is a great Flux which must be restrained by art But while Blood off ends in Quality as sharpness it stirs up the Expulsive Faculty to cast forth by those Veins not only the unprofitable but profitable Blood the Blood Causing this Flux is made sharper by a mixture of Choller or sharp Water This immoderate Flux is known by the loss of Strength and a Sense of Weakness coming from a long Flux and loss of Blood As also from an evil yellowish colour of the whol Body as if it were the Jaundice If the Disease come from Quantity of Blood there went before Causes of increase of Blood and the Patient bears it wel in the beginning and is more cheerful but afterwards the Flux continuing he grows weak and dejected But if it comes from sharpness and thinness of the Blood there went before Causes that breed cholet or sharp Water the body is of a Chollerick Constitution and burnt the blood floweth
or thrice in a day Also divers Juleps to cool the Liver use to be prescribed of which the Forms following may be Examples Take of Sorrel Succory Dog-tooth and Dock Roots of each one ounce Endive Succory Sorrel and Maiden-hair of each one handful Succory Bugloss and Borrage Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve Syrup of Lemmons three ounces â—â—ake a cleer Julep for three Doses to be taken twice in a day If you will make it cooler add a little Spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol to every Dose to make it sharp And to make it colder yet add a dram of Sal prunellae VVhen Herbs are wanting you may make a Julep of stilled VVaters thus Take of Endive Succory and Sorrel Water of each three ounces Syrup of Lemmons and Pomegrantes of each one ounce and an half Make a Julep for three Doses You may also make Juleps that are good and pleasant of Juyces an Example of all which may be this that followeth Take of the Juyce of sweet Apples newly drawn and taken from the faeces four ounces the juyce of Lemmons three ounces Rose Water two ounces the Juyce of Pomegranates one ounce white Sugar half a pound Make a Julep for three Doses Instead of Juleps Physick Broth may be made for the dainty folk of the Herbs aforesaid boyled with a Chicken To which you may add one dram of Lapis Prunellae that it may cool the better or make it sharp with some drops of Spirit of Vitriol Blood of Succory and Germander brought into a Syrup as followeth are good to clense the blood open obstructions and cool the Liver Take of Succory Water made in Balneo Mariae as much as you please the Leaves of Succory two parts Germander one part Steep them together and digest them in Balneo Mariae three daies then strain them and add to the Liquor fresh Succory and Germander then digest them again three daies then strain them and let this way of Infusion be repeated eight or ten times The Liquor will turn red like blood to which you must put as much Sugar and make it into a Syrup Besides You may make Opiates and Tablets to cool the Liver and strengthen it thus Take of Conserve of the Flowers of Succory Violets Water-lillies and Bugloss of each one ounce the pouder of the three Sanders one dram and an half With Syrup of Lemmons make an Opiate to be taken often Take of the Lozenges of the three Sanders with a double quantity of Rhubarb four ounces Let him take every morning two hours before meat one of the weight of two drams Conserve of Hips of the Canker Rose well clensed and boyled with Sugar into the Form of a Marmalade doth powerfully cool the Liver if the Patient taketh it instead of the former Opiate The Tincture of Coral made with Juyce of Lemmons doth cool and strenthen the Liver if you give two spoonfuls thereof every day or twice in a week at the least A Bath of warm VVater used often doth more powerfully and profitably cool and moisten the Body than any other Remedy especially in lean folk VVhey is good for the same if it be used fifteen daies or more together It is made best by boyling the Milk and powring in a little Vinegar or Juyce of Lemmons and afterwards straining it Amatus Lusitanus prepareth it thus Take of Whey one pint very sharp Syrup of Vinegar three ounces Mix them and after a little boyling let it be taken as Mineral Waters twice or thrice and then walk upon it The Ancients took it five pints at a time Quercetan prepareth it thus Take of Whey two pints Juyce of Lemmons two ounces the new made Juyce of sweet Apples three ounces Clarifie them all together at the fire with the white of an Egg and put to them a little Sugar When it is strained take six or eight ounces every morning for fifteen or twenty daies together And if the Body be lean and consumed you may give Milk alone especially if it be of an Ass for many daies The Decoction of China prepared with the Juyce of Lemmons is also good for this purpose especially if there be Obstructions It is made thus Take of China Roots sliced one ounce Spring Water six pints the Juyce of Lemmons three ounces Steep them twenty four hours then boyl them till the third part be consumed then strain them through a Hippocras Bag and let him take six ounces thereof morning and evening and mix it with Wine when he pleaseth Lastly Mineral Waters that have Vitriol are good because they open and cool If the Disease continue after all this open the Hemorrhoids with Hors-leeches once or twice in a month And also use outwardly Epithems and cooling Oyntments to the Region of the Liver Make Epithems of Sorrel Succory Rose or Plantane Water or of Vinegar and Camphire to which for the strengthening of the part add a little Pouder of the three Sanders The Oyntments are Galens cooling Oyntment and the Cerat of Sanders Chap. 2. Of the Inflamation Imposthume and Vlcer of the Liver THe Inflamation of the Liver is a hot Tumor arising from Blood which is out of its Vessels and sent into the substance thereof And as the Blood is either pure or mixed with other Humors so doth it produce divers kinds of Tumors For if it be pure it makes a true Phlegmon but if it be mixed with Choller Flegm or Melancholly it produceth an Erysipelous Oedematous or Schirrous Phlegmon And if the said Humors predominate over the Blood there is a Phlegmonous Erysipelas oedema and schirrus There is another difference in respect of the place in which the Inflamation is it is either in the gibbous part or Cavity of the Liver Which is thus to be understood according to Galen 5. de locis aff cap. 7. An Inflamation cannot be in either part of the Liver distinct so that the other shal be free because the flesh in the part is contained in all parts and therefore when one part suffereth the other also suffereth in some measure Moreover That which Galen taught 13. Meth. Cap. 14. is worth observation When the hollow part of the Liver is offended it is necessary that the Inflamation reach to the Veins of the Mesentery which come from the Gate Vein And Experience teacheth that they who have died of this Inflamation have had not only an Imposthume in the Liver but also in the Mesentery VVe must also observe from Hippocrates Aph. 45. Sect. 7. That an Imposthume somtimes is only in the Membrane which covereth the Liver and somtimes in the substance or Parenchyma of it For saith he they who have a hot Liver suppurated if pure white quittor or matter flow from thence do escape for it is contained in the Tunicle But if it be like Lees of Oyl they die Galen in his Comment saith thus They who have matter in the Tunicle of their Liver and the substance not
Senna Polypody of the Oak and the Kernels of Carthamus seeds of each two ounces Epythimum or Dodder of thyme one ounce Ginger and Cloves of each one dram the flowers of Tamarisk Marigolds and Red Fitches of each one pugil make a Decoction to a Pint and a quarter dissolve in the straining of the Syrup of the Five Roots and of Roses Solutive of each two ounces make an Apozeme clarified and aromatized with two drams of Cinnamon for four mornings draughts adding to every Dose one dram of Cream of Tartar salt of Wormwood and Tamarsk of each half a scruple In the last Dose if the first hath not sufficiently purged dissolve of the Electuary of Citrons Solutive and Diacarthamum of each one dram and an half Somtimes we put white Wine in the Decoction before mentioned Somtimes a little Vinegar according to the nature of the Patient If the Patient be dainty and will not take an Apozeme instead thereof you shal give these Broths Take of Smallage Parsley and Sparagus Roots of each half an ounce Agrimony Hysop Maidenhair of each one handful Cristal of Tartar one dram boyl them with a Chicken or a neck of Mutton make Broth for nine dayes together every morning The Cristal of Tartat dissolved in new made Broth and strained is better for when the Decoction is cold for the most part it congealeth again and is separated from it and when you give it in the Broth you must stir it about well with a Silver Spoon afore it be taken or you will leave the greater part in the bottom of the Dish Every other day infuse in his Broth half an ounce of Senna and one dram of Annis seeds As long as he taketh these Medicines and after as often as need requires let the Region of the Liver be somented every morning one hour before he taketh his Broth and every evening one hour before Supper with this following Fomentation Take of Marsh-mallow and Briony Roots of each one ounce and an half the Roots of Danewort Cypress Eryngus the Barks of the Roots of Capars and the middle rind of Tamarisk of each one ounce the Leaves of Mallows Marsh-mallows Violets Agrimony Germander Mints and Wormwood of each one handful Lin-seed Foenugreek and Juniper Berries of each half an ounce Coriander seeds and yellow Sanders of each three drams Broom Elder Chamomel and Melilot flowers of each one pugil boyl them all in two parts of Chalybeate Water and one of white Wine added in the end and when it is strained add half a pint of Vinegar Foment the part as aforesaid After the Fomentation let the part be anointed with the following Oyntment Take of Oyl of Lillies and Capars of each two ounces the Juyce of the Roots of Briony and Smallage of each three ounces Boyl them till the Juyces are consumed adding the Oyntment of Marsh-mallows and Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar and strained of each one ounce Carrot seeds and Spicknard of each one dram and an half yellow Wax as much as will make an Vnguent Vse it as aforesaid adding in the time of anointing a little Vinegar of Roses After the use of these Remedies this Opiate following is good to wear away the reliques of the Obstructions and recover strength to the part Take of Conserve of Wormwood Maiden-hair and the Flowers of Tamarisk of each one ounce the Conserve of Elicampane Roots and Citron peels candied of each half an ounce one candied Myrobalan candied Nutmegs three drams Confection Alkermes two drams the Pouder of Diarrhodon Abbatis one dram Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each two scruples Saffron one scruple Amber-greece half a scruple with the Syrup of Citrons make an Opiate of which let him take the bigness of a Chesnut every morning two hours before meat and drinking after it a little Hippocras Warm Baths are also very good in which softening and opening things have boyled If the Obstructions are very stubborn these following Pills are very good Take of the best Aloes infused in the Joyce of Wormwood very well half an ounce Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar and strained three drams Myrrh dissolved in warm Wine and strained two drams the pouder of the three Sanders and Crystal of Tartar of each one scruple Agaricknewly made into Troches and of the best Rhubarb of each two drams the Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each half a dram Saffron half a scruple With the Syrup of Roses solutive make a Moss of Pills of which let him take half a dram two hours before dinner twice in a week Instead of the Apozeme aforesaid you may make an old Cock Broth when the Obstructions are old and stubborn Take of Polypody of the Oak and Carthamus seeds of each one ounce and an half the tops of Time and Epithimum of each one pugil Annis Fennel and Caraway seeds of each two drams clean Senna two ounces Crystal of Tartar half an ounce beat them and fill the Belly of an old Cock therewith boyl them in three parts of Water and one of white Wine till the flesh of the Cock fall from the Bones Make Broth and let the Patient take it four mornings Or which is better make a Decoction for one draught every day of the fourth part of the Ingredients To this Broth you may ad Herbs and opening Roots in a smal quantity Quercetan commends exceedingly in his Dispensatory the Compound Pouder of the Root of Cuckoo-pintle to open Obstructions of which you may give two drams for divers daies together in a convenient Decoction But of all Remedies to take away old Obstructions Medicines made of Tartar Vitriol and Steel are the best Of Tartar there is made Crystal Salt and Spirit which are to be given in divers forms The use of Crystal of Tartar is formerly mentioned in the Apozeme and Physick Broths made either of a Chicken or old Cock Concerning this Medicien yong Physitians are to be admonished that it is of more-force than it is commonly supposed to be although we seldom observe it in Practice by reason of the negligence of Apothecaries the deceit of false Chymists and vulgar Distillars which still Chymical Medicines to the Apothecaries of which few are good but most adulterate The negligence of Apothecaries for the most part is That they had rather buy Crystal of Tartar of such fellows than make it themselves though it be the easiest of all because they sell it cheaper than they themselves can make it for those Impostors wil sell a pound for seven pence or eight pence from which alone the Apothecaries might argue deceit perceiving that they would be loosers in so selling if it were rightly made The deceit lieth here Those Impostors put a little Tartar and a great deal of Allum into their Decoctions not because Tartar is sold dearer but because it yields but a little Crystal but Allum will run all into Crystal Hence it is that the Physitians are deceived of their intentions because Allum is astringent which is
of the Chollerick Humor the Excrements of the Belly are high colored and also the Urine especially if it follow a putrid Feaver when the Jaundice is a Symptome and then after the coming of the Jaundice the Feaver remains but if it be critical the Feaver ceaseth and the Excrements with the Urine are wel colored The External Causes as Poyson and venemous bitings may be declared by the Patient and those about him The Prognostick of the Jaundice is various according to the variety of Causes That is more Curable which comes from the Obstruction of the Bag containing the Gall because its passages are neerer the Guts and the Matter cleaving thereto is easily sent into them provided that the Obstruction come not from a stone which because it cannot be dissolved renders the Disease incurable The Jaundice coming from an Inflamation or Schirrus of the Liver is most dangerous for one commonly ends in an Imposthume the other in a Dropsie They who in a Feaver have the Jaundice before the seventh day are desperate Hipp. Aph. 62. Sect. 4. against which Aphorism there is another of Hippocrates opposed which is in 4. de victus ratione in acutis in these words In a Chollerick Feaver if the Jaundice come before the seventh day with chillness the Disease is cured but if it come without chillness it is deadly There is Reason for what he saith for when in the third fourth and fifth day the Crisis or ground of Judgment is healthful if it be by Sweat Urine or Stool why should not a Critical Jaundice fall upon those daies And Experience from many allowed Authors doth testifie that the Jaundice doth often happen with safety before the seventh day Now these Authors do interpret the aforesaid Aphorism thus namely That Hippocrates by the seventh day understands any Critical day and he mentioneth the seventh as the most noble day and to be taken for all the rest But that is a true Critical Day of Judgment afore which a ful Concoction of the Matter causing the Feaver did appear The Cure of the Jauudice is by taking away of the Causes For if it come from a hot distemper of the Liver or a Tumor in that part you must consult with the Chapters afore mentioned for the Cure of them But that which comes upon acute Feavers if it be Critical needs no Cure Yet if it be Symptomatical the Cure of it depends upon the Cure of the Disease upon which it depends That which comes from the Obstruction of the Cystis or Bag of the Gall is cured by taking away of the Obstruction which may be conveniently done by the Remedies mentioned in the former Chapter To which we may add these as more proper First take away part of the Humor with this following Bolus Take of the Electuary of the Juyce of Roses and Diaprunis solutive of each three drams the pouder of Rhubarb one dram Saffron half a scruple With Sugar make a Bolus which you may give once or twice if the Body be of a very ill habit As for Phlebotomy though Galen denyeth it as unprofitable yet if you perceive abundance of Blood it is very good to abate it After general Medicines this following Infusion used six or seven daies doth commonly pluck this Disease up by the Roots if it be but yong Take of Madder Roots half an ounce the greater Celandine one handful the tops of Sea Wormwood and of the lesser Centaury of each one pugil Cinnamon half a dram Saffron half a scruple Infuse them a whol night in eight ounces of white Wine and add to the straining half an ounce of white Sugar Let him take it in the morning three hours before dinner Or you may make this Decoction following Take of Celandine Roots and Leaves one handful the Leaves and Flowers of St. Johns wort of each half a handful the shavings of Ivory and poudered Goose dung of each three drams Saffron half a dram Put the Pouder of Goose dung and the Saffron in a clout and boyl them all in equal parts of white Wine and Wormwood Water to one pint and when it is strained add one ounce of Sugar Give it for three morning draughts and repeat it if you think sit Quercetan commends for this purpose the Dung of a green Goose that eats Grass in the Spring and the dried white Dung of an Hen given or divers daies to the quantity of half a dram or a dram and he saith that the Dung of these Aerial Creatures is full of Nitre and Sulphur and hath a wonderful Faculty to cut attenuate and dissolve Dioscorides commends the Juyce of Horehound for this Disease and since his time others and especially Forestus who reports that some were only cured by the use of the Syrup of the Juyce of Horehound when other means failed Gesner commends the Nettle Root thus prepared Take of Nettle Roots one pound Saffron one scruple beat them wel and take out their Juyce with white Wine and let the Patient take four ounces every morning for four or five daies and cover himself to sweat after it While inward Medicines are given let the Region of the Liver be anointed with this following Oyntment Take of the Juyce of Smallage Parsley and Succory of each one ounce white Wine Vinegar half an ounce the Oyl of Tamarisk two ounces boyl them til the Juyces and Vinegar be consumed then add of yellow Sanders and Spicknard of each one dram Wax as much as will make a Liniment After the Obstructions are taken away the yellow colour will presently vanish by the strength of Natural Heat which will discusse the Humor from the Skin But that it may sooner be gone make a Bath of warm VVater and rub the Body therein with a Bag of Earley and Bean Meal Chap. 5. Of the Scirrhus of the Liver THe Scirrhus of the Liver is a hard Tumor without pain bred of a thick Humor fastened and hardened upon the Liver This Scirrhus is Two-fold either it is Exquisite or Perfect or Imperfect That which is a perfect Scirrhus is laid down in the Definition propounded which is without Pain or Sence That which is not exquisite or perfect hath some kind of pain and comes from a Matter less hardened in a word it is a Scirrhus beginning and not confirmed but that which is exquisite is confirmed so that they only differ in Degrees A Scirrhus breeds in the Liver two waies either from Defluxion or Congestion of a thick and glutinous Humor upon the part or from Inflamation which dissolveth the thin Humors and leaveth the thick The Matter of the former is Flegm or Melancholly either sent from other parts or bred in the substance of the Liver by an evil Concoction For the producing of this Humor evil diet is a main cause if it be of thick cold and viscous or clammy Nourishment as also a Flegmatick or Melanchollick Constitution and a Natural straightness of the Liver From whence Galen saith 13. Meth. That a
Scirrhus easily breedeth in the Liver Spleen and Reins In the Liver because the Passages are narrow and it is nourished with thick blood in the Spleen because it receiveth the thick blood and lastly in the Reins because they are nourished with thick blood The Causes of the latter Scirrhus which followeth other Humors is the immoderate use of discussing Medicines or of Repercussives which by cooling and binding do thicken the Matter and keep it from dissolving Besides the Matter of the Disease which is properly cold and thick and will not be dissolved or the weakness of the part which cannot help the breathing forth of the Humors And lastly a cooling and thickening Diet. The signs of a Scirrhus in the Liver are a hardness in the right Hypochondrion and that more than in an Obstruction next a heaviness in that part especially when there is violent breathing no Feaver nor pain by which it is distinguished from an Inflamation or there is but little pain as when the Schirrus is not exquisite or perfect There is less repose upon the left side because the Liver being hard and heavy doth then lie upon the Stomach and burden it the color of the Face is pale and and greenish because when the Liver is Schirrus there is no good Blood produced by it The whoI Body also is fallen away because there is neither Sanguification nor distribution of Nourishment as it ought to be The Prognostick of this Disease is given by Galen 2. ad Glaucum cap. 4. in these words An insensible Scirrus is incurable but that which is a little sensible is curable though with much difficulty Also Galen cap. 5. of the same Book saith We have cured a Schirrus of the Liver often in the beginning of it but when it hath been of long continuance neither could I nor any other that I ever heard of cure it An old inveterate Scirrhus turns to a Dropsie incurable of which some die sooner than others if they have a loosness of the Belly therewith of long continuance A Scirrhus which followeth the Jaundice or causeth the same is dangerous Whence Hippocrates Aph. 42. Sect. 6. saith that if the Liver grow hard in them who have the Jaundice it is an evil sign The Cure of a Scirrhus is first by the taking away of the Antecedent Cause by the Apozem which is prescribed in the Obstruction of the Liver To which you may add other Medicines proper to open Obstructions Afterwards you must discuss the hard Matter with mollifying and opening things For this end the Steel Pills above mentioned are excellent especially if you add thereto Bdellium Ammoniacum and Sagapenum But if the hardness be very great you must give these Pills following many daies together Take of Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar and strained and again made thick two drams Bdellium and Storax of each four scruples mix them Take one dram every other day And in the daies between let him use the Opiate or strengthening and opening Lozenges prescribed in the Cure of Obstructions These following Pills have a wonderful Vertue to soften a Scirrhus and dissolve it Take of the best Aloes and Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar strained and again made thick of each half an ounce Mercurius dulcis two drams Diagridium one dram With Oxymel of Squils make a Mass of Pills of which let him take half a dram four hours before Dinner for twenty or thirty daies together Zacutus Lusitanus Obs 41. Lib. 1. Praxis Admir reports that there was a strong Scirrhus cured by the use of Conserve of Horehound forty daies together Some Practitioners commend the use of Turpentine thus prepared Take of Turpentine washed with white Wine one ounce and an half Sugar half an ounce Give one dram every day or every other day for it is an opening Medicine that provoketh Vrine and looseneth the Belly All the time of Cure let the Patient take white Wine or thin Claret steeled for his ordinary Drink Also the other Preparations of Steel before mentioned are very good Outwardly you must apply Fomentations Oyntments and Plaisters thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots Briony and Lilly Roots of each one ounce Mallows Violeâ—â— Pellitory of the Wall Wormwood and Agrimony of each one handful Linseed Foenugreek and Dill seed of each half a dram Chamomel Melilot and Rose flowers of each one pugil boyl them in three parts of Water and one of white Wine or in Water and Vinegar With the straining let the Region of the Liver be fomented every morning and evening If the Scirrhus be very great add to the Decoction Flowerdeluce wild Cucumers and Dwarf-Elder Roots and make the Decoction in Tripe Broth and white Wine Take of Oyl of Lillies Chamomel Melilot and sweet Almonds of each one ounce Oyl of Roses and Wormwood of each half an ounce Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar three drams Wax two drams make a Liniment with which anoint the part aforesaid after the Fomentation If you desire a stronger Liniment Take of the Juyce of Briony and wild Cucumer of each two ounces the Oyl of Capars and Tamarisk of each three ounces white Wine one ounce boyl them till the Juyce and the Wine be consumed then add two drams of Wormwood in pouder Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar half an ounce with a little Wax make a Liniment Take of the Emplaister de Mucilaginibus one ounce Melilot half an ounce Gum Ammoniack melted in the Juyce of Wormwood three drams soften them with a little Oyl of Wormwood 〈◊〉 Lillies and make a Plaister to be laid on after the Liniment The Leaves of Henbane boyled in Vinegar are good to be outwardly applied to the part made â—â— to the form of a Cataplasm or Pultiss with Oyl of bitter Almonds To these you may add Baths made of softening and digesting things and of strengtheners such as we prescribed for Fomentations and let the Patient use them by turns And finally Make an Issue in the right Leg that part of the Matter offending may be that way drawn forth Chap. 6. Of the Dropsie HIppocrates makes two kinds of Dropsies namely An Universal and a Particular An Universal Dropsie is that which is in the whol Body or over the whol Belly a Particular is that which is only in one part hence there is the Dropsie of the Head Breast and Womb of which here we shall not speak but only of the Universal Galen gives three kinds of this Universal Dropsie namely Ascites Tympanites and Anasarca or Leucophlegmasia Ascites is a swelling of the Belly caused of a serous Humor nor doth the Belly only swell but many times the Feet Legs Thighs and Cods Nay an Ascites somtimes begins with a swelling in the Feet which ascends after to the Legs and so to the Thighs and Belly This serous Humor as it is of the Nature of Water it is cold but as it is salt it hath in it heat which then is encreased by the neerness of the Bowels and more by
want of Concoction or Crudity it is prevented You must mark that it is in the beginning for if a flux come upon an old Dropsie it is not so safe because commonly there is some fault in the Bowels by continuance as a Scitrhus or corruption of substance which begets new matter and death also Henee Hipp. in Prorrh saith that they who are to be cured of the Dropsie must be Euspiagchnous that is those that have sound Bowels free from the great Diseases mentioned Otherwise if a flux of the Belly happen with a Scirrhus or corruption of the Liver they die presently as Galen shews 2. ad Glau. cap. 5. And Avicen saith thus Straitness of breath and flux of the belly signifie death within three daies Little Urine in Dropsies is evil the less the worse because the Drink runs into the Belly and not into the Reins Hence Hipp. in Coac saith Little and thick Urine and a Dropsie that is Feaverish is deadly but if the quantity of Urine encrease we may hope well Which is elegantly laid down by Celsus And then saith he there is hope of Health when they void more Urine than they drink Therefore it is good every day to measure the Urine and the Drink and the Belly with a string especially while Physick is given to see whether it grow less or not for if it encrease notwithstanding the Medicines it is desperate Imposthumes or spots in the Legs or Hydropical men are deadly Hippocrates confirms this 7. Epid. in the History of Bion and Ctesipthon the one whereof died presently after an imposthume which ran in his left Knee the other after he had a red and blewish gathering in his right Thigh Men that are cured by Medicines for Dropsies if they fall again into the same are desperate Hipp. in Coac For it signifieth that there is some incurable fault lurking in the Bowels which after the water is emptied reneweth it again If the Patient have sound Bowels and strength eat his meat and concoct well and be not sick after breath freely have no pain cough or thirst and his tongue grow not rough so much as in his sleep if Medicines presently purge him and if without Medicines he be bound and in a Natural order and if his Urine change according to his Diet or if he be not faint If all these things be present the Patient is recovered if some of them there is hopes of amendment if none he is desperate In a dry Dropsie to piss by drops is evil Hipp. in Coacis A Tympany in a Melanchollick Body is deadly and Remedies are given in vain If in a Leucophlegmatia a strong Diarrhoea follow the Disease is cured Hipp. Aph. 29. Sect. 7. but this Diarrhoea must be at the beginning or at least before the Disease be old or the strength of the Party weakened but if it happen when the Patient is weak it is dangerous The Cure of the Dropsie consists in the Evacuation of the Matter whether it be in the whol Body or in the Abdomen or Belly in taking away the Cause that produced that Matter and in strengthening of the Bowels especially the Liver The chief and most ordinary Causes are great Obstructions and Scirrhus or hard Tumors the Cure of which Diseases is to be taken out of their proper Chapters But if they will not suffice you must use these following which are more proper in Dropsies and vary them according to the variety of Causes and the Bodies sick And first you must give an ordinary Purge by an opening Apozeme that expels slegm and water made thus Take of the Roots of Eryngus Madder Smallage Parsley and Elicampane of each one ounce Valerian Asarabacca Dwarf-Elder and Flower deluce Roots of each half an ounce the Bark of the Roots of Capars and inward Bark of an Ash and Tamarisk of each six drams the Leavs of Agrimony Ceterach Maiden-hair Germander St. Johns-wort Wormwood and the lesser Centaury of each one handful Sold anella or wild Mercury half a handful the seeds of Carrots Parsley and Fennel of each half an ounce scraped Liquoris and Raisons stoned of each one ounce clean Senna one ounce and an half Agarick tied in a clout three drams the seeds of Dwarf-Elder and Jallap Roots of each one dram and an half Ginger and Cloves of each one dram Broom Elder and Tamarisk flowers of each one pugil Boyl them in equal parts of steeled Water and white Wine added towards the end to a pint and a quarter When it is strained dissolve therein Syrup of Succory with Rhubarb four ounces Make a cleer Apozeme aromatized with three drams of Cinnamon for four morning draughts After Universal Purging let the Patient take this following Pouder once a week Take of Clean Senna Gummy Turbith Hermodacts Dwarf-Elder seeds Jallan and Mechoacan of each one dram Cream of Tartar two drams Cambugia half a dram the pouder of Diamber Diarrhodon Abbatis and Fennel seeds of each one scruple Sugar candy three drams Make a Pouder of them all of which infuse two drams or two drams and an half all night in four ounces of white Wine Let him take the Wine and the Pouder in the morning The Syrup of Rhamus solutivus or Buckthorn made of the Juyce of its Fruit called Rhein Berries with Sugar given one ounce at a time doth wonderfully purge water It must be taken presently after Dinner Or give the Magistral Syrup made of the Decoction of the Apozeme afore mentioned the dose of Purgers being encreased or this following Take of the Juyce of Damask Roses two pints the Juyce of the Roots of Danewort Flowerdeluce Succory Leaves and Agrimony of each half a pint the seeds of Danewort Mechoacan Roots and of the best Rhubarb of each two ounces Spicknard three drams yellow Sanders two drams Crystal of Tartar one dram and an half infuse them a whol night and after a little boyling strain them then put as much white Sugar as is of the Liquor boyl it into a Syrup and add to it of the salt of Wormwood half an ounce Let him take two drams with opening Broth once in a week Or instead of this Syrup or at other times when it is not taken you may give these Pills which purge the evil Humors and also open Obstructions Take of the best Aloes steeped in the Juyce of Wormwood half an ounce Gum Ammoniack dissolved in Vinegar and strained the best Myrrh and Crocus Martis prepared with Sulphur of each three drams Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each two drams Diagridium and Troches of Albandal of each one dram Saffron Ginger and Salgem of each one scruple With Oxymel of Squils make a Mass of Pills of which give half a dram twice in a week two hours before Dinner Also Purging Wines are much commended for the cure of the Dropsie of which there are divers Forms But these are best Take of the Roots of Asarabacca and Mechoacan of each two ounces the French Flowerdeluce and Bark of
the Roots of Danewort and Elder of each one ounce Elicampane Roots half an ounce dry Wormwood and Dodder of Time of each one pugil clean Senna one ounce Soldanella or Sea-foal-foot two drams the Troches of Rhubarb and Agrimony of each one dram Mace and Cinnamon of each half a dram Scammony four scruples white Wine two pints and an half Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae the vessel being well stopped keep it without straining Let him take two or three ounces in the morning twice or thrice in a week Among Medicines for drawing forth of Water the Juyce of French Flowerdeluce is very much commended if it be drawn forth with white Wine it may be given to three ounces it provoketh stool and urine very powerfully But because it is very offensive to the mouth and stomach with its sharpness it useth to be mixed with Manna or Honey Massaria gives it thus Take of Juyce of Flowerdeluce newly drawn with white Wine three ounces the best Manna one ounce and an half Mix them for a Potion Platerus in his Observations I gave saith he to one in a Dropsie of the Juyce of Flowerdeluce to drink with Honey two ounces and he often pissed and purged and after he had taken it twice or thrice his Belly ceased swelling and his Feet and he was cured Rhubarb is commended of some because it purgeth noxious Humors and strengtheneth the Liver And Stocherus saith that he cured many with the use of Rhubarb given every third or fourth day one or two drams in an opening Decoction Also in Scoltzius his Epistles there is a famous Story of one who was cured of a Dropsie only by the use of Rhubarb which he took every day in such a quantity as was necessary to purge The Troches of Rhubarb are much commended by all Authors And Mathaeus de Gradi reports that a certain Duke of Orleans was cured with them alone taking two drams twice in a week Michael Paschalius saith that he cured a Dropsie with the same making them into Pills by reason of their bitterness The Chymists commend the Extract of black Hellebore Aquila Coeleftis and Mercurius vitae and they mix them with other vulgar Medicines from whence followeth a plentiful Evacuation of Water But they had need of strong Bodies who take them Mercurius dulcis works most gently and Mercurius Diaphoreticus But Antimonium Diaphoreticum cures without manifest Evacuation if it be calcined with Salt-Peter till it be white but the Diaphoretick or Sweating Medicine made of the Butter of Antimony cures all kinds of Dropsies best But you must observe in the giving of all sorts of Purges That they especially if strong are not to be given often as Galen teacheth Lib. 9 Cata Topous because they weaken the body and then there will more water be bred afterwards Therefore you must prescribe strengtheners and openers oftener than purgers And Experience teacheth us That the Evacuation by Urine in this Disease hath better success than that by stool Instead of Purgers you may give Clysters which discuss wind purge water and take down the belly made thus Take of Mallows Mercury and red Coleworts of each one handful Soldanella or wild Mercury half a handful Annis Caraway and Dill seeds of each three drams Chamomel Melilot French Lavender and Broom flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve of Diacatholicon one ounce Hiera Picra half an ounce Oyl of Dill and Lillies and of common Honey of each two ounces Make a Clyster twice in a week Or Take of very sowr Leaven half an ounce common Salt one pugil Boyl them in as much Water as is sufficient strain it and add to it the Vrine of a Child four ounces Oyl of Rue three ounces Clarified Honey one ounce Make a Clyster This Valeriola commends highly This following Clyster brings forth Water in abundance Take of Coloquintida one dram Infuse it for a night in three ounces of white Wine when it is strained add thereto Tripe Broth one pint common Oyl two ounces Salt-Peter melted one ounce strong Vinegar one spoonful make a Clyster Or Take of the Pulp of Coloquintida one dram Clean Bran one handful boyl them in white Wine for a Clyster Or Take of Carthamus seeds one ounce the best Agarick half an ounce the pulp of Coloquintida three drams Centaury the less Germander and both the Wormwoods of each half a handful boyl them to a pint In the straining dissolve of Oyl of Chamomel Rue and Capars of each one ounce Honey of Roses two ounces make a Clyster Or Take of the Emollient Decoction one pint thick vomiting Wine the Infusion of Crocus metallorum four ounces Diaphoenicon one ounce make a Clyster Blood-letting here is for good Reason omitted except the Disease come from stoppage of the Terms or Hemorrhoids And then you must not bleed except it be in the beginning of the Disease before the Liver be grown too cold Issues Blisters and Scarrifications use to cause Gangrenes or mortifications in a Dropsie because the heat of the part being smal is quickly extinguished Therefore it is better wholly to abstain from these kind of Remedies although somtimes they have done some people good Paracentesis or cutting of the Skin is seldom to be used because few are cured thereby especially because the Patients or their kindered will not yield to it before the Disease is confirmed and the Bowels are so putrefied that there is no hope Therefore for the most part they die the second or third day after they are cut The wiser sort will have the Incision made in the beginning or encrease of the Disease before the Bowels are corrupted Neither is it necessary at that time because the disease being smal may more safely be cured with other Medicines Among emptying Medicines Sweatings are accounted most profitable which as they are alwaies good in Anasarca so in a Tympany or Ascites they somtimes hurt namely when driness of the Liver which is usual causeth the Disease Moreover it is commonly impossible to make men in Dropsies sweat But if the Liver be not dry Sweats are good in all kinds of Dropsies especially when they decline to discuss the reliques of the watery Humor by the Habit of the Body So Valeriola reports that he cured an Ascites with a Decoction of Guajacum given fourty daies together It is good to make the Decoction with steeled Water and Wine The Chymicks commend Antimonium Diaphoreticum Martinus Rulandus makes a Sudorifick of Juniper Berries which because they are forceable to provoke Urine may do good both waies It is thus made Take of Juniper berries bruised three handfuls Sack as much as is sufficient boyl them to halfs and give two ounces every morning covering warm after it Horatius Reserus in Scholtzius boasteth that he hath cured many Boyes and some Women of the Anasarca with Syrup of St. Ambrose which is a Sudorifick Its description is in an old Dispensatory called Luminare
between In Apozemes and other Opening Drinks Oxymel simple and of Squills or Sea Onyons may be very wel dissolved to cut and dissolve powerfully the gross and earthy humors Of all other Medicines those which are made of Steel are the best to open the Obstructions of the Spleen Also you may give Steeled or Ironed Waters for ordinary Drink which are known to lessen the Spleen as Celsus saith by this because Beasts that are brought up at Smiths houses have little Spleens To the Fomentation put Vinegar instead of white Wine which wil make them peirce better which is requisite in a gross humor Moreover Galen Commends Vinegar exceedingly in the Diseases of the Spleen used both inwardly and outwardly Put Hemlock to the Cataplasms as being most Powerful to Soften and Discuss Humors There is an Excellent Cataplasm made of Green Tobacco boyled in Oyl and White Wine Of which also boyled to the Consumption of the Wine you may make a Rare Liniment Amatus Lusitanus curat 6. cent 5. mentioneth a Cure of an Obstruction of the Spleen remaining after a Quartan Ague That it was taken away with a Decoction of China used twenty dayes after convenient Purging Chap. 4. Of the Scirrhus or Hard Swelling of the Spleen THe matter of the Spleen causing obstruction by continuance grows thicker and makes a Scirrhus And since the Scirrhus of the Liver and Spleen are both of one Nature whatsoever we have said of the Scirrhus of the Liver may be here also useful The Knowledg also of the Scirrhus of the Spleen is the same with that of the Liver but only the hardness is on the contrary side It is Distinguished from a Windy Tumor because there is more Heaviness in a Schirrhus than in a Windy Tumor which yeildeth to the Finger and maketh a Noise al which are not in a Scirrhus If it come only of Melancholly there wil be evident signs thereof but if it be mixed with Flegm there is apparent in the whol body a Phlegmatick evil habit The Prognostick also is the same with that of the Liver only this of the Spleen is more easily Cured because the less Noble the part is the stronger Medicines may be Applied without Danger And Lastly The Cure is the same with that mentioned in the Scirrhus of the Liver And because it is to be done by degrees from mild to stronger Medicines first you must use those Remedies which we said were good for the Obstructions of the Liver and Spleen and among the Chalybeat Medicines there commended the Principle is the Pills of Steel made with Amoniacum and other things mentioned in the Obstruction of the Liver Pills of Aloes Ammoniacum and Mercurius dulcis are the best among the Medicines for the Scirrhus of the Liver But this following Opiate is the Medicine wil Cure if it be not incurable Take of Gum Ammoniack Opopanax and Bdelium of each two drams dissolve them in white Wine strain and boyl them then ad of confectio Hamech and Diaphaenicon of each two drams double Catholicon half an ounce Pilulae foetidae two drams make an Opiate of which let him take half an ounce with twenty grains of Mercurius dulcis for many daies together and so the Tumor and hardness will vanish And besides what was said concerning the Liver you must observe these following Precepts in in this Disease First Because Blood-letting is much questioned we resolve that it may be good in the beginning But it is good for nothing when the Disease is old Secondly The dead or blind Nettle called Galiopsis or Pliny's Arch-angel is commended by Solenander and Fonseca for a special Remedy the Italians call it the Spleen Herb this is given boyled in Wine the quantity of an ounce or one dram in Pouder with Wine or other convenient Liquor or Decoction with most admirable success Thirdly Besides the Fomentations there mentioned Aquapendens in his Chyrurgery commends the fomentation of the Belly with a Spunge dipped in Time Water and squeezed and with that he saith he hath cured the Scirrhus of the Spleen and Dropsie Fourthly Besides the Oyntments afore mentioned Amatus Lusitanus commends this following as admirable by which he saith he cured a Scirrhus of the Spleen and he saith that he had it from the Physitians of Ferraria Take of Common Oyl three pints the Marrow of an Ox bone one pound fresh Butter half a pound the Juyces of Briony and Sowbread of each one pint boyl them gently till the Juyces are almost consumed Add to the straining yellow Wax eight ounces the Pouder of Ceterach or Spleenwort Capar barks Tamarisk and Agnus Castus seeds of each three drams Mix them into an Oyntment Thus it is described by Amatus but there is too much for one Patient therefore you may lessen it thus Take of Common Oyl three ounces Ox Marrow one ounce fresh Butter half an ounce the juyce of the Root of Briony and wild Cucumers of each one ounce and an half boyl them as afore and add one ounce of Wax and of the pouder of Ceterach Capar and Tamarisk Barks and Agnus Castus seeds of each two drams Fifthly The Cataplasms following are excellent Take of the Roots of wild Cucumers one pound Mallows and Violets of each three handfuls boyl them till they are soft beat them and strain them then add of the Oyl of Capars and Tamarisk Vinegar of Squills a little make a Cataplasm Take of sowr Leaven two pound Boyl it in equal parts of Oyl and Wine to a Pultiss Besides the Plaisters mentioned in the Scirrhus of the Liver these are very good Take of Gum Ammonial â—our ounces Dissolve them in strong Vinegar then strain them and boyl them till the Vinegar be consumed then with a little Wax make a Plaister Take of Hemlock four handfuls Ammoniacum half a pound Infuse them in Vinegar eight daies then boyl them til the Ammoniacum be dissolved then strain them through a linnen cloth and boyl the Liquor again a little while and with Wax and Oyl of Almonds make a Plaister Take of the Juyce of Mallows Cressonis the Stalks and Roots of Fern of each two ounces Gum Ammoniack four ounces With a little Vinegar first dissolve them with a gentle fire then boyl them and strain them then boyl them again to the consistence of a Syrup and with one ounce of Oyl of Capars and a little Wax make a Sparadrap for the Spleen to be renewed every third day Aquapendens in the place cited saith that he cured many with this Plaister which is made of two parts of Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar and one of the Juyce of Tobacco one of the Rozin of the Pine-tree Turpentine and Juyce of Danewort one of Oyl of Capars and a little new Wax in the Form of a Cerat Chap. 5. Of Hypochondriack Melancholly ALthough all the parts beneath the Ribs called Hypochondria are affected in this Disease yet it s thought the Spleen is most because it receives the Melancholly and therefore it
There is a heat in the Hypochondria and a certain Inflamation inward somtimes in one side somtimes in another from hot Humors contained therein especially when they are moved by inward or outward means so that the Face will grow hot and red from those vapors and somtimes there is an Ephemeral or Feaver for a day by those vapors sent through the whol Body The Urine is somtimes thick somtimes thin Thin when thick Humors stop the passages through which it is as it were strained thick red and troubled by reason of the mixture of the thick Matter which is very salt and therefore is called Materia Tartaria and it lies at the bottom of the Urinal like a thick Sediment Or some part of it sticks like red Sand to the sides which makes many fear the Stone without cause because this same is not bred in the Reins but in the Liver from a burnt and salt Humor and you may know this because it dissolves between the Fingers like Salt which will not when it comes from the Reins Somtimes there is a Palpitation or beating of the Heart by reason of the vapors ascending which while it labors to expel make it move violently and then the Patient thinks himself in great danger Somtimes there is a beating in the left Hypochondrion when hot Humors are there from whence vapors arise and make the Pulse or Systole and Diastole of the Arteries greater so that both the Patient and the standers by may feel it which is chiefly after heat with Anger motion or drinking of much Wine This beating is chiefly in the Coeliack Artery which is the chiefest in that part In an old Disease it is somtimes constant and this signifies an Habitual and incurable Disease An Aneurism somtimes followeth this great breathing from the enlarging of the Coeliack or some other Artery and from the hot blood in them which being very thin and full of many hot Spirits continually dilateth and stretcheth the Arteries while there is an Aneurism such as Fallopius observed Lib. de tum preter naturam cap. 14. in an old woman who being opened had an Aneurism in her Belly into which he put his fist From which mark by the way the great providence of Nature which fearing the breaking of an Artery through too much enlarging hath made the coat of it as hard as a bone as Fallopius observed in the same place Also Paraeus in his sixth Book Cap. 28. tels the like story of an Aneurism found not in the Belly but the Breast in the Venal Artery which was so stretched that it could contain his sist and also the inward Tunicle thereof was like a bone And we have seen the like about two yeers agone namely an Aneurism in the Breast by the dilatation of an Artery which would hold the fist of a Boy of fifteen yeers old and the Tunicle thereof was grown like a Gristle The evil vapors that ascend from the Hypochondria produce many Symptomes for being sent to the Pallat and Tongue they dry those parts and cause a thirst when they go to the Lungs and Midriff they cause shortness of breathing when to the Membranes of the Brain Head-ach when to the Brain noise in the Ears dimness of Sight Giddiness Fear and Sorrow and divers Melancholly Phansies And if they be malignant and very sharp they cause an Epilepsie or Falling-sickness if they come to the Nerves Convulsions and if they be stupifying they cause a Numbness and bastard Palsey Coma and Apoplexy if they get into the Brain But if these vapors be hot and dry they dry the Brain and cause watchings troublesom sleep and frightful Dreams and at first though they sleep well after Supper til midnight afterward they wake some three or four hours and some sleep again about three or four a clock others not at all The reason whereof is this Because while the Chyle is carried to the parts that serve for the second Concoction then the evil Humors lying in the Vessels are stirred and send up vapors which being sent by the Veins and Arteries to the Head cause watching and if they be quickly discussed they sleep again but if they continue long they watch the other part of the night We have formerly spoken of all these Symptomes and we say again That all are not in all men but more or sewer according to the variety of the Humors and parts affected This also is to be marked It is not Essential to Hypochondriack Melancholly that stretching hardness pain and swelling should be in the Hypochondria because the cause is for the most part in the Branches of the Gate Vein and Arteries adjoyning and sends from thence vapors to the Heart and Brain Oftentimes there is stretching in the Liver and Spleen which signifieth That the Humors stick in those parts but if there be no stretchings it is a sign that the evil Humors lie in the Veins of the Mesentery Caul Sweetbread and Stomach These proper Symptomes shew that the Stomach is affected with sowr belchings and stinking or loathing vomiting want of concoction and somtimes flux of the belly As for the Prognostick This Disease is not deadly for the most part but of long continuance many times the whol life therefore it is commonly called the disgrace of Physitians because they do seldom cure it and if the Patient seem to be cured it returns again in a few months it is also called the Scourge of Physitians because they who have it are continually asking new Medâ—câ—nes and presently satisfied therewith and dayly complain to the Physitian for others The Flux of the Hemorrhoids doth good in this Disease if it be moderate but if it continue long it is dangerous A thick Urine is better in this Disease than a thin and watery which shews that the thick Humors are detained in the Body Black Urine without a Feaver doth often Cure this Disease It s good in this Disease to have a loose Belly and bad to be bound Also Vomiting if the Patient be refreshed thereby is profitable but if it continue long it is dangerous A Giddiness and continual pain in the Head in this Disease ends in an Epilepsie Blindness or Apoplexy The Cure of this Disease is in three things chiefly first in opening Obstructions secondly in amending the distempers of the Bowels and in discharging of the peccant humor not omitting strengtheners For which a wise Physitian may use these following First give a Clyster then this Potion Take 〈◊〉 Senna half an ounce Annis seeds and Cream of Tartar of each one dram Borrage flowers Fumitory and Sorrel of each half a handful Liquoris three drams boyl them to three ounces Dissolve in the straining Rhubarb infused in Lavender Water one dram and an half double Catholicon three drams Compound Syrup of Succory one ounce Make a Potion to which you may well add in a strong Melancholly one dram of Confectio Alkermes The day following let Blood from the left side chiefly or
to produce it And therefore this may be a probable sign of the stone As for the Prognostick The stone of the Kidneys is very dangerous for it useth to bring great evils as Inflamation Exulceration great Pains Watchings dejection of strength Feavers stoppings of Urine and the like dangerous Symptomes If this Disease be Haereditary coming from the Parents it is incurable And because Hippocrates saith that the Diseases of the Reins are hard to be cured in oldmen Aph. 6. Sect. 6. The Stone of the Kidneyes in old men is difficult if not incurable If the pain of the Kidneys continue many daies and cannot be cured with any Medicines there is danger of death and it is neer at hand when they are cold externally and have a cold sweat in the face Urines that are first thin and after thick and have sand at the bottom do signifie that the fit is towards an end A Stone joyned with an Ulcer in the Kidneys is incurable for those things which break the Stone do exasperate the Ulcer The Cure of the pain of the Kidneys and stone sticking in them or in the Ureters is by enlarging of the passages and relaxing them by throwing forth the stone and any other thing that hurts them by removing or taking away the antecedent cause and by taking away the pain Which you may do with these Medicines Take of Marsh-mallow and Lilly Roots of each one ounce Mallows Violets Pellitory Bearfoot of each one handful Lin-seed and Fenugreek seed of each half an ounce fat Figgs six Chamomel and Melilot Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining Cassia and Diacatholicon of each six drams Oyl of Lillies and Violets of each one ounce and an half fresh Oyl two ounces make a Clyster to be given presently Afterwards open the Liver Vein of the right or left Arm and take away eight or nine ounces of blood according to the strength and fulness of the Patient Phlebotomy is very necessary to prevent Inslamation which useth to come from continuance of pain After blood-letting give this Clyster Take of the flowers of Chamomel and Melilot the tops of Dill Pellitory of the wall and Rue of each half a bandful Annis Fennel and Cummin seeds of each half an ounce Make a decootion to one pint in which dissolve Diaphoenicon half an ounce Turpentine dissolved with the Yolk of an Egg one ounce Oyl of Dill and Scorpions of each three ounces Make a Clyster To mollifie more and asswage the pain after your Laxative you may make one of Oyl thus Take of Oyl of Dill and of Chamomel of each half a pound Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Oyl of Rue one ounce mix them for a Clyster At the same time appply a Fomentation to the part pained made of the Decoction of the first Clyster with Annis seeds and Fennel seeds Oyl and Water with Spunges Take of Oyl of Scorpions compounded two ounces fresh Butter Hens Grease Oyl of Lillies and of sweet Almonds of each one ounce Make a Liniment to be used after the Fomentation Or this Cataplasin Take of Mallows and Pellitory of each two handfuls Parsley with the Roots one handful Rhadish Roots two ounces boyl them soft and beat them then add of Onions roasted two Oyl of Lillies bitter Almonds and sweet Butter of each two ounces Make a Cataplasin which you must put between two thin linnen cloaths and apply warm to the Belly according to the length of the Vreters and heat it as often as it grows cold You may also apply one either made of Pellitory alone or with Eggs fryed in a Pan with Oyl of Chamomel bitter Almonds Scorpions in a cloth Or make it of Onions shred and fryed with Hogs Grease or the Oyls aforesaid with five or six warm Eggs applied And because in this Disease there is abundance of crude Humors after Clysters which must still be repeated as the pain cometh you may give a purging Medicine especially in form of a Bolus lest it be easily vomited up because these Patients are commonly squeazy stomached Take of Cassia new drawn with Oyl of sweet Almonds one ounce Diaphoenicon three drams Pouder of Rhubarb one dram with the pouder of Liquorin and Tragacanth make a Bolus If the Patient cannot swallow a Bolus dissolve purging things in the Decoction of Mallows But you must diligently observe that you must not give a Purging Medicine before the pain be allayed For when the pain is great a strong Purge seldom works because then all the parts contract themselves and refuse to help the Medicine But at that time you may give a Vomit by which the plenty of Humors may be abated and a revulsion is made from the part affected and often Nature of the self when the pain is urgent doth endeavor the same and after it finds ease A gentle Vomit which will also asswage pain may be made thus Take of warm Water four ounces Sallet Oyl one ounce simple Syrup of Vinegar one ounce and an half Make a Vomit If you will have a stronger you must use Salt of Vitriol or Mercurius vitae with which Angelus Sala saith that he hath often cured this disease Before and after purging you must give at the mouth those things which open the passages and abate the pain for which purpose the Syrup of Marsh-mallows proscribed by Fernelius often given is excellent But because it is not alwaies ready in the Shops you may make it simply thus Take of Marsh-mallows three ounces boyl them to a pint dissolve in the straining half a pound of Sugar Let him take it often This following Julep given often is good to mollifie the Passages Take of Barley one pugil gray Pease half a pugil Mallow and Marsh-mallow seeds of each two drams the four great cold seeds of each one dram fat Figs eight Scbestens six Liquoris half an ounce boyl them to a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Maiden-hair four ounces Give it at four draughts twice or thrice in a day Give for his ordinary drink a decoction of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce and an half Barley two pugils Liquoris six drams in sive pints of water to a pint Or make Broths of Mallows Marsh-mallows and gray Pease with much butter and a little salt or boyl the same in fat broth Or give Emulsions made of the four great cold seeds But Oyl of sweet Almonds above all Medicines doth mollifie and relax the Passages and asswageth pain if it be new drawn give three or four ounces by its self or with white Wine or a Decoction of Marsh-mallows Liquoris and gray Pease or make Potion of equal parts of Oyl of sweet and bitter Almonds because bitter Almonds are good also to expel the Stone The day after you have opened the Arm you may open the Ham or Ancle Vein on the same side for that will derive the Humor and the Patients find much ease thereby Which Rule is given
four ounces of white Wine Take of the bark of the Roots of Carduus Asininus one ounce Liquoris two drams boyl them to six ounces let him take the straining many daies It doth wonderfully clense Stone and Gravel Take four pounds of shred Onions that are white two pound of Sugar one pint and an half of white Wine distil them in Balneo Mariae till they are dry Give every morning two or three ounces for many daies together The Ashes of a Scorpion is commended by Practitioners if you take one scruple at a time with Waâ—er of Couch-grass Pellitory or white Wine but it is seldom used Mathiolus his Oyl of Scorpions is more in use a dram taken at the Mouth with the aforesaid Liquors The Chymists brag much of their Salts among which the best is Salt of Bean Cods or Stalks half a dram whereof with white Wine works very well And also Tartar vitriolate in the same quantity They commend also Spirit of Salt Vitriol Mercurius dulcis with their proper Vehicles or Liquors Outwardly you may help the Stone if you continually chafe the Reins and Ureters with warm hands anointed with Oyl of Scorpions Also many Cupping-glasses from the Kidney affected downwards applyed without Scarrification Then anoint the Part with Mathiolus his Oyl os Scorpions to which add a little pouder os Cantharides Or make a Liniment of Oyl of Wax Bricks and Scorpions of each equal parts it is very piercing and good if you fear no inflamation of the Reins You must observe in the use of Medicines to break and expel the stone That they must not be used twice or thrice but often till the passages stopt are open and while you give them you must cherish the Reins and Bladder with Baths Fomentations Oyntments and Cataplasms that the other may work the better And you must give thin Liquor as white Wine often and use inward Emollients Looseners and Openers to enlarge the Passages and temper the sharpness of other Medicines By these Remedies the pain of the Reins is cured and stone dissolved and expelled But because they who are diposed to this Disease and cured do often relapse therefore we must appoint some Preservatives that we may hinder it as much as may be And first if there be a Plethora or fulness or the Reins and Liver hot it is good to open a Vein Spring and Fall a Clyster or gentle Purge being first given And then to purge the Matter away which is proper to breed the stone before it come to the Kidneys which you may do by a Vomit twice or thrice in a month to those which easily vomit Or you may give a Purge by a Bolus of Cassia Diaphoenicon and Rhubarb prescribed in the Cure or some other convenient Medicine every month or two or three according to the habit of the Patient and the plenty of Humors and that in the last quarter of the Moon Or if there be evil Humors they must be purged Spring and Fall with a convenient Apozeme for by that not only the Antecedent and remote cause wil be taken away but also some part of the conjunct cause as also the Obstructions of the Bowels which usually accompany this disease wil be taken away if you mix therein clensing and cutting Medicines Or instead of the Apozeme you may use the Decoction of an old Cock made thus Take of Polypody of the Oak Carthamus seeds of each one ounce and an half Thyme and Epithimum of each one pugil Cummin Annis Dill Fennel Caraway and Carduus seeds of each two drams Senna one ounce and an half Gummy Turbith half an ounce Cinnamon one dram Crystal of Tartar two drams beat them and mix them together and put them into the belly of an old Cock and then boyl them till the flesh come from his bones Let him take the Broth being strained at four mornings draughts Or you may give this following Pouder commended of Solenander by the use whereof he testifieth that he cured many of the pain of the Reins giving it in the fit Take of Senna two ounces the best Rhubarb half a dram Turbith one dram and an half Hermodacts two scruples Polypody half a dram Cinnamon Ginger Gromwel seeds Saxifrage Broom seeds of each one dram pouder them finely Give one dram or a dram and an half in white or thin red Wine once in a month Carolus Piso doth extol this following Pouder Take of Annis Fennel Caraway and Cummin seeds of each one dram Coriander prepared half a dram Liquoris and Burdock seeds of each one dram and an half Cinnamon and Galangal of each one scruple Gromwel and Broom seeds of each half a dram Diatragacanth frigid two drams Diagridium one scruple Senna as much as all the rest make a Pouder The Dose is one dram with the Broth of gray Pease Or you may make a Magistral Syrup thus Take of Sparagus Couch-grass Marsh-mallow Knee-holm and Parsley Roots of each one ounce Bettony Burnet Saxifrage and Pellitory of the Wall Maiden-hair of each one handful Bazil Parsley Gromwel Broom and Burdock and Mountain Ofier seeds of each two drams Liquoris Raisons and Polypody of the Oak of each one ounce Make a Decoction to one pint and an half Infuse in the straining four ounces of Senna white Agarick two ounces Ginger two scruples boyl them a little and strain them after dissolve in it one pound of white Sugar Boyl it up to a Syrup and give thereof two ounces once or twice in a month with the Decoction of Barley Couch-grass and Gray Pease Or if the Body be very foul make Pils of Aloes and Agarick and give two or three of them every other day before Dinner After Purging give Diureticks to bring forth the slimy Matter and Sand that is about the Ureters For this end make Decoctions of the Diureticks mentioned in the Magistral Syrup with Sugar into the form of a Julep or Apozeme Or Chicken Goat or Mutton Broth to be taken many daies together after general Evacuations Also after every Purge take some of these following once or twice in a week Take of the stalks and flowers of Beans three pound Calcitrah one pound beat them and add one pound of Sugar candy the Juyce of Lemmons one pint and an half the Juyce of Oranges half a pound the Decoction of Mallows and Marsh-mallows wel strained two pound Honey one pint Distil them with a gentle fire and let them not be burnt nor the Liquor wholly consumed Let the Patient take four ounces of this Water every morning Take of the stones of Medlars and the pouder of Diatragacanth frigid of each one ounce dried Rest-harrow Roots Liquoris Melone and Gromwel seeds of each two drams Saxifrage Broom Rhadish Knee-holly Calcitrap seeds of each one dram Marsh-mallow and Sparagus seeds of each one scruple Sugar candy two ounces make a Pouder Of this let him take one spoonful thrice in a month in the morning about New moon Fullmoon and Wain drinking after
great pain exulceration heat of Urine and stoppage thereof or the like The Signs of the Inflamation of the Reins are a weighty pain in the Reins somtimes beating if the place be affected where the Arteries are And this pain extendeth to the parts adjacent so that the Patient can neither lift himself up not stand upon his feet and scarce turn himself and neither lie upon his side nor his Belly because then the part inflamed will hang down therefore he lies alwaies upon his back and if he either neeze or otherwise move his Body the pain is encreased He hath a numbness or pain in the Leg on the same side by reason of the Nerve that goes from thence to it He hath difficulty of pissing by reason of the heat which is sent to the Urine and filth mixed with it coming from the inflamed part The Urine is first thin and yellow but after red and thick â—e hath a constant sharp Feaver which is attended often with watchings dotings and other great Symptomes also loathing and vomiting by which he voids Choller Flegm and other Humors Somtimes the Gut Colon is inflamed and if it be that part which is neer the Liver it brings the like Symptomes but here is the difference In the Inflamation of the Reins the pain reacheth to the short Ribs the Back and Bladder but that of the Colon tends more to the Belly and there is a greater change of Excrements of the Belly than in the Inflamation of the Kidneys But in the Inflamation of the Kidneys there is a pain about the Pubis and Perinaeum in which there is heat and somtimes redness There is constant heat of Urine but that is stopped when the part swelleth and stoppeth the passage The straight Gut suffers by reason of its neerness hence it is that there is often desire to go to stool with burning somtimes the belly is bound when the Gut is stopped by the inflamed Bladder There are also other common Symptomes mentioned in the Inflamation of the Reins as a Feaver watching doting thirst and the like There can be no good Prognostick in this Disease For the inward Inflamation of the noble inward parts do threaten continual danger of death It is most deadly when a Convulsion or dotage followeth or the like great Symptome and if there be a cold sweat death is at hand In the Inflamation of the Reins if the Hemorrhoids follow it is good If the Inflamation Suppurate and the Imposthume break and go into the passage of the Urine there is hope but if it go by the Emulgent Veins into the Liver and labor to get way through the Guts it is dangerous A final Inflamation of the Bladder with a Sediment in the Urine that is white and equal promiseth health An Inflamation of the bladder is somtimes cured by an Erysipelas or Chollerick Humor arising in the Skin suddenly and by making much Urine The Cure of both Inflamations of the Reins and Bladder is made by revelling deriving cooling and moderately repelling by Anodines Resolvers or Ripeners if need be and the like whose Matter and way of using shall be as followeth And first Phlebotomy is very necessary in the Liver Vein on the same side the pain is twice thrice or four times or oftener if the strength will bear it til the defluxion ceaseth which you may know by the abating of the pain But in the Inflamation of the bladder the right side is to be chosen by reason of the Liver from whence as from a Fountain the blood floweth to the part After much blood is taken away and revulsion is made by the upper Vein you must also open the inferior for derivation sake in the Ham or Ancle as also the Hemorrhoids are to be opened especially if they be swelled Cupping-glasses with Scarrification are also good for Revulsion both above and beneath and Frictions with strong Ligatures of the extream parts to draw the humors outward After and before blood-letting give a mollifying and cooling Clyster that is a little loosening and let it be of a smal quantity lest it oppress the Tumor thus made Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce Mallows Violets Lettice of each one handful sweet Prunes four pair Barley and Violet Leaves of each one pugil make a Decoction to eight or ten ounces In the straining dissolve of Cassia or Diaprunes simple one ounce Oyl of Violets four ounces two Yolks of Eggs Make a Clyster Allay the heat of the blood with Juleps and Emulsions made thus Take of Endive Littice and Purslain Water of each four ounces Syrup of Pomegranates two ounces Syrup of Water Lillies one ounce Make a Julep for three draughts morning and evening Or Take of Sorrel Roots two ounces Mallows Plantane Purslain and Endive of each one handful the tops of white Poppies half a handful Annis and Lettice seed of each one dram Borrage Violets and Water-lilly Flowers of each one pugil boyl them to a pint and an half then add four ounces of the juyce of Pomegranates Or Take of sweet Almonds blanched one ounce fresh Pine-nuts half on ounce Lettice Sorrel Purslain and Poppy seeds of each three drams beat them according to art powering on by degrees of Barley Lettice and Purslain Water one pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Sugar of Roses one ounce Make an Emulsion for three Doses in which we leave out the great cold Seeds because being Diuretick they may draw somthing to those parts especially in the time of the defluxion but in the declination they may be useful You may profitably add to the Emulsion the Syrup of Poppies to stop the flux more violently Also the parts inflamed may be cooled by Clysters made of the Decoction of the Julep aforesaid with Oyl of Roses or Violets two ounces In the beginning of these Inflamations purging is not proper for it is to be feared lest the Humors being moved should flow to the parts affected so that if there then be a great flux of the Belly it is to be stopped for that cause But when the Inflamation is a little allayed and the disease declineth a Purge made of gentle things may be good as of Manna Cassia Rhubarb Tamarinds Diaprunes simple Catholicon and Syrup of Roses with a Decoction of Lettice Purslain and other cooling things prescribed in the Juleps Or you may make a Bolus of some of them Out wardly All the time of the Disease you must apply cooling things that gently repel as moist Epithems of the Water and Juyce of Plantane Sorrel Endive Nightshade Roses with a little Vinegar red Sanders and Camphire Liniments also of Oyl of Roses and Olives Violets Cerat of Sanders white Oyntment or Populeon alone or mixed with a little Vinegar which you must apply to the parts aforesaid every hour cold Or you may make a Liniment of an Egg wel beaten with a little Oyl and Rose Vinegar Or you may make that which is excellent of Oyl of Roses with Vinegar
Seeds and white Poppy Seeds with a little Syrup of Poppies or with the often giving of Conserve of Marsh-mallow flowers Outwardly you may apply this Fomentation following to the Reins Take of Marsh-mallow Roots two ounces Mallows Pellitory of the wall Violets of each one handful Lin-seed Foenugreek and Winter Cherries of each three drams Chamomel Melilot flowers and Water Lillies of each one pugil make a Decoction with which foment the part not with Spunges because they have a saltness in them from the Sea After the Fomentation you may apply this Liniment Take of the Oyl of Violets and of sweet Almonds of each one ounce and an half Oyl of Roses one ounce Mucilage of Marsh-mallow seeds and Foenugreek of each two ounces Saffron one scruple make a Liniment Make this following Injection against the pain of the Bladder Take of Foenugreek and Quince seeds of each one scruple steep them one hour in one pint and an half of Barley Water after strain them and make a moist Mucilage to which add of Oyl of sweet Almonds two ounces Honey of Roses strained one ounce mix them for an Injection And if you inject warm Milk it is excellent for the same purpose In which if you dissolve the Troches of Gordonius you wil compleatly ease pain and cure the Ulcer Chap. 6. Of Diabetes or extraordinary Pissing DIabetes is a quick and plentiful sending forth of Drink by Urine after which there comes a violent Thirst and consuming of the whol Body It is called Diabetes apo tou diabainein from passing through as Water through a Conduit pipe which is called Diabetes This Disease is also called Dipsacos from the unquenchable Thirst and the Piss-pot Dropsie from the continual making of Water It is seldom seen for Galen in 6. de loc aff cap. 3. saith that he saw it but twice The next and immediate Cause of this Disease from Galen and al his followers is held to be a hot distemper of the Reins which makes them draw Water violently from the Veins and send it to the Bladder being not able to contain it themselves the Veins being drawn dry suck from the Liver the Liver from the Guts and Stomach hence comes a continual Thirst after drink which as soon as it is taken it is forthwith carried from the Liver and Veins into the Reins where by its quantity it stiâ—reth up the Expulsive Faculty and burdening the Retentive Faculty it is sent to the Bladder Some suppose that this cause is insufficient because the hot distemper of the Reins is an usual disease but Diabetes is very rare therefore there must be somthing else that is less usual namely a sharp or salt Matter in the Kidneys either of â—holler or of Flegm which doth continually provoke the attractive vertue of them as in Chollerick Feavers there is a Thirst which cannot be quenched from the Chollerick Humor which is fixed to the coat or Tunicle of the Stomach or from Chollerick Vapors sent from some adjacent part into the Stomach by the motion of some putrid Choller which lodgeth there This Opinion is probable but we think good to add thus much to it That the Kidneys alone are not affected in this Disease because Choller and other burnt Humors are first bred in the Liver and therefore they cannot be in any quantity in the Kidneys but the Liver must participate of them And if we may reason where Nature seems to be â—ilent we can say that there is a venemous quality concurring for the producing of this Disease For that kind of Serpent called Dipsacos found in Lybia when it bites any man doth send into him such a poyson as begets an unquenchable Thirst The like kind of venom may be bred in our Bodies by a peculiar corruption of some humors which may cause such a Thirst for Galen testifieth that divers kinds of poysons may breed in our Bodies And if such a kind of poyson may be bred in our Bodies as may cause a detestation of Drink as in Hydrophobia in which the Patient cannot endure the sight of Water or any Drink why may not then there be produced another poyson which hath the contrary quality to cause a great and unquenchable Thirst And hence may be the reason why this Disease is so rare because this kind of poyson is seldom bred but Choller and Salt Flegm and the Diseases from thence are ordinary And as the Disease called Dogs Appetite which is compared to this for the unsatiable desire of meat is ascribed by the wisest Physitians to an occult quality so this unquenchable thirst may be said to come from a peculiar and hidden quality The Signs of this Disease are cleer from what hath been said as an extraordinary making of Water an unquenchable Thirst and a sudden pissing forth of what is drunk a decay of the whol Body for the moisture which would nourish the Body is pissed forth with the drink And though there be often a large Evacuation of Urine in sharp Feavers and other cases yet that is not to be called Diabetes because the aforesaid Symptomes as great Thirst and Consumption of the Body are not joyned therewith The Prognostick of this Disease is deadly for it is incurable except it be in the beginning thereof for it presently brings a Consumption In old men it is more dangerous and when it comes after inordinate Lechery or Agues The Cure is wrought by allaying the hot distemper of the Kidneys and by strengthening them by thickening the Humors that flow unto them and by opposing the malignant quality thereof all which may be done with these Medicines following In the beginning of the Disease while there is strength you may open a Vein for to revel or pluck back and cool the Humors but it must be done divers times and but a smal quantity of blood taken away But if the strength be decayed or if this follow another Disease Phlebotomy must not be You must give Mollifying and Asswaging Clysters to draw forth the Excrements made thus Take of Lettice Purslain Mallows and Plantane of each one handful clensed Barley and red Roses of each one pugil make a Decoction to one pint and an half In the straining dissolve of Diaprunes simple six drams Honey of Roses and Sallet Oyl of each two ounces make a Clyster and use it often You may also give a gentle Purge with Cassia and Pulp of Tamarinds or the Decoction of Plantane Purslain Lettice Tamarinds and Myrobalans with Syrup of Roses Some commend Vomits made of the Decoction of Rhadish Seed and Dwarf-Elder with Oxymel which doth Evacuate and draw from the Ureters To correct the distemper of the said parts and to thicken the Humors Juleps made of the Waters or Decoctions of Lettice Purslain and Plantane with Syrup of Myrtles Quinces and the like and Syrup of Poppies in a smal quantity adding the Pouder of Diatragacanth frigid and the Troches of Sealed Earth and the like Or to astringe more make them
or from a great destruction of al the Faculties which followeth the extinction of the Natural hear In Children it is cured when they grow elder and the superfluous humidity is by degrees consumed and the parts that were loose are more knit But if they be not cured before twenty five yeers of age they are incurable The Cure is wrought by amending the cold and moist distemper and loosness of the Sphincter Muscle but that which comes by sympathy from other diseases must be cured by the removing of them as also that which comes from Wounds Ulcers and other manifest Diseaseâ— depends upon the Cure of them Therefore we shall lay down a way of Cure proper both for Children and men provided that the Physitian be skilful in the choyce of his Medicines to give the gentlest to Children and that he encrease and diminish the quantity according to the Patients age First Here is little use of Phlebotomy because it comes from a cold distemper and flegm except there be a general Plethory in the whol Body being youthful But Purging is alwaies necessary in this Disease made of things that purge flegm mixed with some astringents that are not only Alterers but Purgers as Rhubarb and Myrobalans and the like After to dry up the Matter that is slegmatick and to knit the part you may use Pouders Opiates and Physick Wines and the like made thus Take of Cypress Nuts and Myrtles dried at the fire shavings of Ivory Coriander seeds prepared red Coral and Amber of each two drams Spodium or burnt Ivory one dram Cypress Roots and Galangal of each half a dram With the Syrup of Citrons make an Opiate of which let him take the quantity of a Chesnut morning and evening Drink after it a little red Wine Or you may give the aforesaid Pouder from half a dram to a dram with red Wine twice in a day long after and before meat Take of Comfry Roots half an ounce Cypress Roots and Galangal of each one dram Plantane Hors-tail and Five-leaved Grass with the Roots of each one handful Cypress Nuts Acron Cups of each four scruples Rue seed Agnus Castus Frankinsence and Ivory shavings of each half a scruple red Roses one pugil red Wine four pints Infuse them twenty four hours strain them through an Hippocras Bag adding of Cinnamon half an ounce Sugar as much as is sufficient to make a Claret of which let him take three or four ounces twice in a day Many proper things are propounded by Authors which do conduce to the Cure of this Disease Galen in his Book of Local Medicines and of things easie to be prepared commends the Brain and Stones of a Hair burnt Also a Snail burnt with its shell given to Drink The Modern Physitians give Hares dung pouder of burnt Mice the Hoofs of Hogs burnt the ashes of Date stones roasted Hazel Nuts pouder of Egg shels But above all are commended the Pouder of Agrimony and the inward Skins of Hens Gizzards dried given either by themselves or mixed together with red Wine Solenander witnesseth that he saw happy success in a Medicine invented by one Gilbert Holland a Roman Physitian He took the Throat of a Cock and dried it at the fire til it would pouder He gave it before supper in red Wine or with Oxycrate for some daies together In people of yeers sweating Decoctions used twenty daies together are good to dry the Body made of Guajacum and Sassaphras or Stuphs Hot-houses Brimstone Baths and those of Niter For his Drink let him take sharp red Wine without mixture or with a little Ironed Water They who can drink only Water may take Ironed Water or that in which Coriander seed or a little Mastich hath been boyled Or lastly for the better astringing let them take Water in which new Tiles have been quenched and boyl their meat with the same But they must drink but little especially at Supper And let the Patient make water when he goes to bed and be raised again at midnight and in the morning for the same purpose and this wil alter custom Outwardly to the Privities apply warm strengthening and drying things thus made Take of Elicampane Roots Calamus Aromaticus Acorus and Cypress Roots of each half an ounce Mints Sage Organ Calamints and Wormwood of each half a handful Cypress Nuts Myrtles Galls and Pomegranate flowers of each one dram red Roses one pugil boyl them in equal parts of Smiths Water and red Wine to two pints In the straining dissolve of Salt and Allum of each one ounce Foment the Privities and Perinaeum warm morning and evening Or you may make a Bath of the same things in larger quantities After the Fomentation anoint the same parts with an Oyntment of Oyl of Foxes Rue Flowerdeluce Unguentum Martiatum Aregon with Pouder of Mastich Cypress and Myrtles Or you may use Storax Liquid or Indian Balsom dissolved with a little Wine or for rich folks Musk and Civet dissolved in Muskadel Or apply this Plaister to the parts aforesaid Take of Labdanum Mastich of each two drams Wood of Aloes Styrax Calamita Cinnamon Turpentine of each one dram Myrtles and Cypress Roots of each half a dram Juyce of Mints and Hors-tail drawn with red Wine as much as will make a Plaister Lastly If there be a defluxion from the head which causeth the weakness you must divert by Errhines Masticatories and Causticks to the Neck or Arm and other Remedies mentioned in the Cure of the Catarrh Chap. 8. Of stoppage of the Vrine and Strangury THe stoppage of Urine is called by Authors Ischouria but when little is voided it is called Strangouria although this word be larger and comprehends all dropping of Urine but if it be without pain and the Urine come by drops with straining it is a smal sschuria but if it be with pain it must be referred to Dysuria or scalding of Urine Therefore Ischuria or a whol suppression of Urine is two-fold namely true when the bladder is full or Spurious when the Bladder is empty and not thing comes to it from the Reins A true Ischuria comes of three Causes The first is when the sence is lost in the Bladder by reason of the Palsey and obstruction of the Nerve that comes to it or by the eversion of the Spirits by whose defect it comes so that the Bladder feeleth no pricking to expel as in doting and sleepy diseases The second cause is a distemper of the Bladder coming from internal or external cold causes which dull the sence of the Bladder and weaken its expulsion The third Cause is the narrowness of the Neck of the Bladder which will not suffer the Urine to pass Galen gives three causes of this 1. de loc affect cap. 1. either the Muscle is swollen by an Inflamation Scirrhus or Imposthume or the like or there is a little flesh grown in the passage by reason of a former Ulcer or there is a hardness from some thick Humor of long continuance
under the name of Dysuria being they come all of the same Causes and are cured by the same Medicines The immediate Cause of painful pissing is a solution of continuity in the Sphincter Muscle or the passage of the Bladder and therefore whatsoever can cause a wound in those parts may cause heat of Urine The most usual Cause is sharpness of Urine somtimes without mixture of other Humors which is caused by a hot distemper of the Bowels or of the whol Body or by eating of hot and sharp Meats but it often comes by mixture of hot and sharp Humors as Choller and salt Flegm Somtimes matter coming from the Reins or Bladder being ulcerated may cause such a sharpness of Urine Somtimes a white Humor like Milk comes plentifully forth with the Urine and causeth scalding which is commonly thought to be Matter from the Reins but Sennertus denies it for this Reason For if all the Reins were turned into Matter they could not afford so much as is many times voided at once every day for a week together And he supposeth that it comes from an evil Concoction first of the Stomach then of the Liver because the error of the first Concoction cannot be mended in the second hence the Chylus and then the Blood remains crude not freed from its Salt and Tartar-like parts which ought to be separated in the first Concoction and they being after sucked into the Reins and sent to the Bladder cause pain in pissing He saith that he was brought to be of this Judgment because a Learned man who was troubled some weeks with heat of Urine which he voided plentifully with half an Urinal ful of such white Matter was when nothing else could asswage his violent pains cured only with drinking of Sack Also a stone in the Bladder if it strike against the Neck of it in time of pissing causeth pain and also large Gravel which grates upon the passage of the Urine Also Inflamation or Ulcer of those parts causeth heat of Urine because the sence is more quick at that time and though the Urine be wel tempered it is troublesom as we see externally how the least touch is offensive to a sore place So in a Gonorrhoea as long as the Parastates are inflamed there is a continual heat of Urine The Knowledg of this Disease is evident for the Patient is forced to roar somtimes with pain But you must distinguish the Signs of the Causes thus If it come from sharpness of Urine it wil be thin and high colored somtimes like fire or there wil be a visible mixture of Choller Flegm or Matter the Bowels wil be distempered or the Patient hath eaten hot and sharp meats and endured great heat The Stone and Inflamation of those parts are known by their proper Signs As for the Prognostick This Disease of it self is not dangerous but very painful and according to the cause it is somtimes hard to be cured especially in old men which if they be decrepit die thereof and in all ages if it continue long it ulcerateth the neck of the Bladder The Cure is first by taking away the Cause And therefore if it come from the Stone Inflamation or Ulcer you must cure them according to the Rules in their proper Chapters But these things after mentioned wil be good to allay the Symptome They who have it from the sharpness of Urine mixed with hot Humors are to be cured by the Medicines following And first Phlebotomy is good to correct the distemper of the Liver and other parts This must be often according to the Plethory and Inflamation first from the right Arm to evacuate and revel the Matter and after in the lower Veins to derive it from the part affected for which cause Hippocrates and Galen who followed him do command the lower Veins to be opened in Diseases of all parts beneath the Reins Purging also is good of mild and gentle things that cool lest the heat be encreased Therefore do not give any thing but a Bolus of Cassia alone and indeed that is best But you may make it cooler if you add the Pulp of Tamarinds Or you may mix it with the Decoction of Lettice Purslain and Mallow Tops and give it many daies together that the sharp Humors may be brought back from the part by stool But if you desire to purge more by reason of the plenty of Humors use this following Take Lettice Purslain Plantane and Mallow tops of each half a handful Tamarinds half an ounce yellow Myrobalans one dram boyl them to six ounces and add to it strained one ounce of Cassia strain it again and then add one dram and an half of Rhubarb infused in Lettice Water with yellow Sanders Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make a Potion In an old Dysury the purging Opiate prescribed in the Ulcer of the Bladder is very good A gentle Vomit is excellent for it revelleth from that part affected and hinders those inconveniences which use to come by purging Therefore give it once or twice in a week to them that can vomit easily By often Clysters the sharp Humors are not only brought to the Guts and sent out by degrees but the distemper of the parts is qualified They are made thus Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce Mallows Violets and Lettice of each one handful Water Lillies and clensed Barley of each one pugil boyl them to a pint Dissolve in the straining Cassia new drawn one ounce one Egg and two ounces of Oyl of Violets Make a Clyster The Mucilages of Seeds of Marsh-mallows Quinces and Foenugreek may be mixed with Clysters to asswage pain But Clysters of Milk only or mixed with the aforesaid things use to be so powerful to allay heat and pain that we have known some of long continuance cured by them alone and a Bath whereof we wil speak hereafter Experience hath found out many things good to be taken at the mouth to allay heat and to correct the distemper of the parts The chief are these following Take of Water Purslain Lettice Roses and Water Lillies of each one ounce Syrup of Violets and Water-lillies of each six drams Sal prunellae one dram Mix them for a Julep repeat it often Take of Marsh-mallow Roots one ounce Lettice Endive Purslain and Mallow tops of each one handful Melone Guord Mallows Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each three drams Jujubes and Sebestens of each six pair Violets Roses and Water-lillies of each one pugil boyl them in a pint and an half Dissolve in the straining Syrup of Violets Jujubes and Poppies of each one ounce and an half Sal prunellae half an ounce make a Julep for four Doses to be taken twice in a day Emulsions also may be used although they be Diuretick because they cool and clense the passage of the Bladder Make them thus Take of the four great cold Seeds and white Poppy Seeds of each three drams sweet Almonds blanched and infused in cold Water
roots of Endive Borrage Lettice and Purslain of each half an handful of new Sebestens and Jujubes of each seven in number of the four greater cool Seeds and white Poppy Seeds of each half a drachm of red Rose-leaves a pugil Boil al in Water sufficient unto a pint and in the strained liquor dissolve Syrup of Quinces or of dried Red Roses three ounces and make a Julep for three Doses But if Melanchollick humors abound they are to be altered and Purged away by Medicines proper to that intent The use of Chalybeate milk taken forty daies together the quantity of four or five ounces is very proper for either of the aforesaid Humors whereunto may be added towards the end a little Bolearmoniack or Terra Sigillata In the whole Course of Curing it is to be considered whether any part of the Body be misaffected and so may send the matter of the Flux into the Womb and if so then care must be taken for the use of that part For if Humors flowing from the Brain do cause this Disease Remedies are to be applied to that part especially such as revel and divert the Fluxion viz. Cupping-glasses frequently fastned upon the shoulders and Back Medicines snuft up into the Nostrils Masticatories Vesicatories and Issues made in the hinder part of the Head or in the nape of the Neck instead where of Setous may be used which are more effectual And Febritius Hildanus in the forty one Cure of his first Century relates that he cured a Woman long troubled with the Whites and thereby Barren by a Seton If the Humors flow from the Stomach Liver or any other part suitable Remedies must be applied to that part The Body being prepared and the offending Humor for the most part evacuated or derived another way We must proceed to corroborating and Astringent Medicaments But they must never be used until the Antecedent matter be wel evacuated and diverted Otherwise those Humors retained do rush into the more noble parts and stir up more grievous Symptoms As Galen in the afore-cited place relates to have befallen the Wife of Boetius Whose Belly swelled by meanes of the unseasonable use of Astringents by which the Wheyish Humors were retained in her Body which were wont to pass away in the Flux It is likewise to be remembred that whilst we are in the use of Astringent Remedies we do then divert the Antecedent Matter and hinder the same from increasing by the Remedies aforesaid Amongst these principal corroborating Medicines Treacle is reckoned which is to be used in flegmatick Constitutions Conserve of Roses and of Wormwood may be mingled with the Treacle Or the following Opiate may be compounded Take Conserve of Rosemary flowers one ounce Conserve of Calamus Aromaticus two drachms Species of Diarrhodon Abbatis and of Aromaticum Rosatum of each one drachm Red Coral prepared half a drachm Treacle two drachms with Syrup of preserved Citron peeles Make all into an Electuary Or Take old Conserve of Red Roses Roots of Comfry Bugloss and Citron peeles of each one ounce Red Coral burnt shavings of Ivory Bole-armoniack Terra Sigillata Dragons-blood of each one drachm with Syrup of Red Roses dried make all into an Opiate The pouder of Sage Salsa-parilla and Baula stians taken every morning in broath is the Court-Ladies Medicine Zecheus commends this following Electuary which he had often used with happy Success Take Gum Arabick and Gum Tragacanth of each two drachms white and red Coral burnt Eg-shels Harts-horn Dill seeds Amber of each four Scruples Honey of Roses as much as will make all into an Electuary Of which give half an ounce two hours before meat Let the Patient swallow it down and drink after it four ounces of Plantane Water mingled with two drachms of red Wine Juleps may be made of Rose-water Knotgrass and Plantane waters with the Syrup of Myrtles dried Roses and the like Some of the aforesaid pouders being added Mercurialis saies he frequently used a Decoction of Oak-leaves with the Runnet of an Hare wherewith he cured many Women of this Disease His manner of making his Medicine was thus Take of the Decoction of Oak-leaves five or six ounces of the Runnet of an Hare one dram Let her take this Medicine eight or then daies When the Disease comes from Choller the following Syrup may be prepared which is strengthening Astringent and cooling Thus Take red Rose Water four pints Spirit of Vitriol so much as will make the Water a little sharp but so as scarce to be perceived by taste red Roses dried three pugils Steep them in the Water cold two daies Sâ—ain it and add thereto so much Sugar of Roses as will make a Syrup And Finally Those Astringent remedies mustred up in the former Chapter touching the Immoderate Flux of Courses may be likewise useful in this Cure The Patient may use instead of ordinary drink a Diet drink of China-roots or Mastich wood with Astringent Wine mingled The same time that the Patient takes in such things as are Astringent and do strengthen the Womb she must likewise use outward Remedies applied to the place affected viz. Fomentations Baths to sit it Oyntments Plaisters Injections Fumigations and Pessaries such as have been prescribed against Immoderate Courses But before these external Astringents are applied the Womb must be well clensed Otherwise such impurities would be therein retained as returning back into the Body may cause more grievous Diseases And in our clensing we must regard the Humor offending for one sort of Clensers are fit for Flegmatick another for Chollerick Humors If the Humor be Chollerick let the Clensing Injections be made of Barley-Water Whey Water sweetened with Sugar If it be Flegmatick let them be made of Hydromel or of the Decoction of Wormwood Fever-few and the like Also a Detergent Pessary may be made of Treacle and Turpentine or of Mercury leaves bruised and wrapped up in a fine Linnen rag very thin worn Let the Patient use these Clensers before the Astringents be applied until her Womb be well purified which may be known if little or no Humors come therefrom After the Use of the Clensers the Fumes are first to be received over a Close-stool because they dry and strengehen the Womb and they may fitly be made of Frankinsence Ladanum Mastich Sanders Nutmeg and Red-Rose leaves And afterwards we must proceed to other Astringent Remedies Chap. 5. Madness from the Womb. WOmb-Furie is a sort of Madness arising from a vehement and unbridled desire of Carnal Imbracement which desire disthrones the Rational Faculy so far that the Patient utters wanton and lascivious Speeches in all places and companies and having cast off all Modesty madly seeks after Carnal Copulation and invites men to have to do with her in that way This Immoderate desire of Carnal Conjunction springs from the abundance of Seed from it's Acrimony and heat transcending the bounds of Nature whereby it is made to heave and work in the Seminal vessels as
which by a peculiar property diminish and cool the Seed Among which take these that follow for example Take Leaves of Water-lilly Willow Agnus Castus of each four handfuls Lettice Purslain Penny-wort or Two-penny Grass of each a handful the four larger cooling Seeds Lettice and white Poppy seeds of each half an ounce Dill seeds two drams the flowers of Water-lilly and Violets of each one handful Let all be stamped being fresh and let them be sprinkled with Juyce of Lemmons and distilled in Balneo Mariae and to every pint of the Water add a dram of Camphire Let the Patient take an ounce divers times Or of all or some of the Simples aforesaid a Decoction may be made and sweetened with Sugar and a little Camphire put to it to be taken divers times one after another Or an Emulsion may be made of the greater cool Seeds Lettice seeds and white Poppy seeds extracted with the Waters of Lettice Willow and Water-lillies and sweetened with Syrup of Violets An Electuary may be prescribed after this manner Take Conserve of the Flowers of Water-lillies Violets and Agnus Castus of each half an ounce Conserve of Roses half an ounce Lettice Stalks preserved one ounce Coral and Smaragd prepared of each one dram with Syrup of Violets and water-lillies make an Opiate In the greatest extremity of the Patients raving such things as procure sleep are very profitable both inward and outward Medicaments as they are set down in the Cure of Phrenzy and Madness In the whol course of the Disease Clysters which cool and gently purge are to be used taking heed of sharp Clysters and such as vehemently purge which do exagitate the Humor contained in the Womb or its Vessels whereby the Symptomes are wont to become more fiery Also Injections may be made into the Womb of the Decoction of such Herbs as have formerly been set down for Baths and other Remedies whereunto Sal Saturni may profitably be added Frequent Clysters may likewise be good to the same intent being made of Vinegar allaied with Water Also cooling Oyntments are to be applied to the Loyns Privity the Share and between the Water-gate and the Dung-gate made of Oyl of Water-lillies Oyntment of Roses Vnguentum Album Camphoratum with the Juyces of Nightshade Henbane and Water-lillies melted together adding a little Camphire Also a Plate of Lead is good to be worn continually upon the Reins In regard of the immediate Cause seeing the evacuation of the sharp and corrupted Seed may cure the Disease it is very good Advice in the Beginning of the Disease before the Patient begins manifestly to rave or in the space between her fits when she is pretty well to marry her to a lusty yong man For so the Womb being satisfied and the offensive Matter contained in its Vessels being emptied the Patient may peradventure be cured But if the Patient cannot so conveniently be married or the condition of her life will not bear that estate some advise that the Genital Parts should be by a cunning Midwise so handled and rubbed as to cause an Evacuation of the over-abounding Sperm But that being a thing not so allowable it may fuffice whilst the Patient is in the Bath to rub gently her Belly on the Region of the Womb not coming neer the Privy parts that the luke-warm temper of the Water may moderate the hotness of the Womb and that it may by the moisture be so relaxed as of its own accord to expel the Seminal Excrement and that nothing else be done with the hand save a little to open the Womb so as the Water may pass into its more inward parts forasmuch as the water will operate as much as any of those Medicines which are used to extinguish the seed withal Pessaries may be compounded to the same intent of the Leaves of Mercury bruised with a little Mirrh or the Pouder of Aristolochia or Birthwort which must be put up when the Patient is in the Bath lest otherwise the VVomb should be over-heated and after an hour it must be taken away And afterward let an Injection be made into the VVomb of VVhey or Barley water with a little Juyce of Nightshade Housleek or Hemlock which is specially commended in this Disease To purge out the Seed the following Bolus or Morsel will be very profitable Take of Venice Turpentine three drams Agaricktrochiscated one dram Carrot seed Hemp-seed and Lignum Aloes poudered of each eight grains With Sugar make all into a Bolus or Morsel to be swallowed If the Disease do yet continue let Issues be made in her Thighs for nothing is better than by such meanes to draw the matter downward from the Womb to those inferior parts And if swellings of the Spleen shall arise and Obstructions during this Cure as it often times happens they must be carefully cured with their proper Medicaments Finally Because in this Disease the Brain and Heart are grievously affected by reason of Vaporsarising from the Womb they are both of them diligently to be provided for the Brain being secured by rubbing and chafing the lower parts and by Cupping-glasses frequently fastened upon the Hipps and Groins and the heart defended by Cordial things out wardly applied both Liquid and Solid such as are described in our Chapter touching decay of strength Chap. 6. Of the Mother-Fits or Womb-sickness WHen Seed and Menstrual Blood are retained in Women besides the intent of Nature they putrefie and are corrupted and attain a malignant and venemous quality from whence venemous Vapors are elevated and carried to divers parts of the Body from whence divers Symptomes do arise and those so divers that Democriâ—us might justly say in his Letter to Hippocrates That the VVomb is Author of a thousand sad Sorrows and innumerable Calamities And Hippocrates himself saies in his Book of Virgins Diseases That miserable VVoman-kind is commonly laded with incomprehensible and manifold Diseases All which Infirmities we intend to explain in this Chapter under the name of Mother-Fits herein imitating Galen who in his sixt Book of Parts Affected and the fift Chapter saies that the Mother or Hysterical Passion is but one name indeed yet comprehending under it divers and innumerable Accidents Notwithstanding all late Writers in a manner do handle â—he Suffocation of the Womb under the Title of Hysterical Passion calling a particular Symptome by such a name as is common to many others because it of al the rest is most frequent and most troublesom But herein the very best Authors seem to have been superfluous in their Treatises of Womens Diseases while in different Chapters they describe several Diseases springing from the Womb viz. Suffocation of the Womb Head-ach Epileptical fits Palpitations of the Heart Pulsation of the Arteries about the short Ribs and in the Back the Diseases of the Stomach Liver and Spleen arising from the Womb and divers pains in sundry parts of the Body arising therefrom seeing all these Infirmities do arise from one and the same
Beans and Lentils of each three drams scraped Liquoris Orice Roots of Florence and Zedoary of each two ounces Boyl all in water adding towards the end a little white Wine If the Ulcers be very stinking and ful of rotten Quittor there may be added to the Decoction a little Vnguentum Aegyptiacum Collyrium Lanfranci or the Pouder of dulcified Mercury When the Ulcer shal be wel scoured and clensed we must use drying and solidating things made after this manner Take the greater Comfry Roots Bistort Roots of each one ounce Leaves of Plantane Horstail Shepheards-purse Ladies Mantle Mous-ear Yarrow of each one handful red Rose Leavs half a handful Boyl all in water and make thereof an Injection With the which or like Injection this following flesh-creating Pouder may be mingled Take the Roots of Orice Birthwort great Comfry of each half an ounce Mirrh one ounce Aloes three drams Make all into Pouder of which half an ounce may be mingled with every Injection Turpentine wash'd in Plantane Water to the quantity of two drams dissolved with Honey and the Yolk of an Egg wil do very much good mingled with the Injection and the more if the flesh-creating Pouder be also added The Oyntment Pompholygos de Cerusa de Plumbo of each six drams for a Dose mixed together are likewise used in Injections But the Egg-yolk Oyl rubbed about with a Pestle in a Leaden Morter is better than al the rest Fumes received through a close stool do pierce to the deep Ulcers which are about the bottom of the Womb and dry them Which may be thus prepared Take Frankinsence Mirrh Mastich Storax Juniper Gum Labdanum of each one ounce Turpentine as much as shall be requisite Make all into little Cakes for to be burnt under a close stool In a most stubborn Ulcer Cinnabarus or Minium being added to the Fume-Cakes bears away the Bell from al other Medicaments Also Baths that are drying Sulphurous and Allumish are used in long Ulcers and Physitians are wont to send their desperate Patients to those Baths as the last Remedy It wil not likewise be unprofitable to apply convenient Plaisters to the Region of the Womb seeing their vertue can pass to the innermost parts of the womb by the invisible pores of the Body If an Ulcer be in the neck of the womb it must be smeared with scouring and drying Liniments or Oyntments The Scourers may be made after this manner Take of the Juyce of Smallage two ounces Honey of Roses one ounce and an half Turpentine half an ounce Barley Meal as much as shall seem convenient Boyl them all gently and make them into the form of a Liniment or Oyntment Or Take the round Birthwort half an ounce Horehound Centaury the smaller Agrimony of each half a handful Boyl them in a sit quantity of Hydromel To the strained Liquor add the pouder Florentine Orice Root two drams Barley meal and clarified Honey of each as much as shall suffice Make all into a Liniment or Oyntment And somtimes the Oyntment Pompholygos is used adding thereto Frankinsence Mastich Mirrh Aloes as the Nature of the Ulcer shal require When the Ulcer is sufficiently clensed a drying and scar-contracting Oyntment is to be laid on which may be thus made Take Tutty Pouder washed half an ounce Litharge of Gold and Silver Ceruss Sareocolla of each two drams Oyl and Wax as much as will suffice Make all into an Oyntment It falls out somtimes That Ulcers of the Womb do penetrate unto the streight Gut and somtimes unto the Bladder which is known by the Quittor issuing through the Water-Gate or the Dung-Gate If the Quittor or Matter come out by stool Lenitive Scouring and Drying Clysters are to be used such as we propounded in our Cure of the Bloody-flux But if the Quittor come away by Urine gentle Piss-drivers and cooling wil be requisite which may purge out the filth sent into the Bladder and further the Cure of the Ulcer such as are Emulsions of the greater cold Seeds after which Turpentine must be used and other Medicines prescribed for an Ulcer of the Bladder If the Ulcer degenerate into a Fistula which chiesly fals out when it opens outwardly towards the Hip though it may likewise happen in the Womb it self and its Neck it is to be considered which is better for the Patient to leave that Passage free and open to which Nature hath been accustomed and by which she endeavors to disburden her self of manifold Excrements or to stop the same If it be judged best to keep it open a palliative Cure must at least be made by Purges frequently repeated and Sweat-provokers are to be administred twice in a yeer also scouring Injections and strengthening must be used and Emplastrum Dâ—apalma Divinum and â—uch like Plaisters are to be laid upon it But if there be hopes to make a perfect Cure and heal up the Fistula such Medicines must be applied as are wont to be used for the cure of other Fistulaes If Ulcers happen in the Water-Gate or in the Cavity of the Womb by reason of the Lechers Pox they cannot be Cured without the General Cure of the said Pox. In the performance of which Cure of many waies there is none better than Fumigations of Cinnabaris or Minium for they do not only help to rid the whol Body of that Infection but being received into the Cavity of the Womb they do in a peculiar manner hasten the Cure of these kind of Ulcers Likewise in the Cure of this Disease by Quick-silver'd Oyntments the said Oyntments must be conveighed into the inner parts of the Womb. In whatsoever Ulcers of the Womb if the Neck thereof be molested with an itch as it often falls out by reason of a deflux of a sharp and salt Humor into that part to pacifie the said Itch a Pessary wil be good dipped in Vnguentum Enulatum cum Mercurio or in Aegyptiacum dissolved in Sea-water or in Allum water or in new Butter wherein Quick-silver hath been killed with some Brimstone mingled Chap. 9. Of a Scirrhus or a Painless hard Swelling of the Womb. THe Nature Sorts and Causes of a Scirrhus or hard Swelling in the Womb are the same which have been set down in our Chapter of the like Swelling in the Liver and need not in this place be vainly repeated but must be sought for in the said Chapter Howbeit among the Antecedent Causes this is proper to an Hard-Swelling of the Womb and is very frequent namely for women when the flux of their Courses or Child-bed purgations are upon them undiscreetly to expose themselves to the cold Air or to drink cold water whereby the flux is stayed and the retained blood grows thick and is condensed and at length produceth a Scirrhus or stony hard Swelling in the Womb. The Signs of such a Swelling bred in the Womb are An hardness selt in the Region of the Womb such as resists the touch which hardness represents the compass of the
It is caused by black Choller gathered in that part or by reason of a Scirrhus or senceless hard tumor il cured which easily turns into a Cancer especially in this part of the Body by reason of the copious afflux of blood which being retained in those Veins which are nigh unto the Scirrhus and not sufficiently evacuated by the monthly purgations it becomes adust or burned and acquires a malignant disposition It is ordinarily reckoned to be of two sorts Ulcerate and not Ulcerate So long as the Morbifick matter is of lesser Acrimony and Malignity it causeth a Cancer not ulcerated but when it grows more sharp by putrefaction or adustion it doth exulcerate the tumor and produce an ulcerated Cancer The Disease may easily be known by the definition propounded for if an hard Tumor resisting the touch be felt in the Body of the Womb or its Neck causing a pricking and cutting pain we may pronounce boldly that it is a Cancer Yet it is more evidently distinguished by the eye-sight when it may be seen as in the Neck of the Womb it may be with help of a Womb-perspective Instrument for we shal see an uneven and bunching swelling Lead-colored or black compassed about with certain branches of Veins as it were with roots but if it be ulcerated it sends forth a certain blood-watry quittor or matter which is yellow or black and stinking and somtimes blood by corrosion of the Veins which pass through that part somtimes in such quantity that the Patient incurs danger of death Hereunto is added a smal Feaver unquietness Stomach-sickness an heat in and about the Water-Gate c. By way of Prognostication we can only say thus much That a Cancer is incurable be it ulcerated or not ulcerated Which as it is true of al Cancers not excepting those in the outer parts of the Body much more is it of a Cancer in the Womb by reason of that perpetual Common-shore of Excrements which flows into the part Seeing then a perfect Cure cannot be hoped for we must content our selves with such a Cure as is called Palliative The scope whereof is to hinder a not ulcerated Cancer from ulcerating and an exulcerated Cancer from becoming more exulcerate and in both to allay and temper the extremity of the pain Which must be done first by universal Purgations of the whol Body and by other Medicines which may qualifie and evacuate the black Chollerick and Melanchollick blood and hinder the further generation thereof In the number of which are bleeding in the Arm Anckle and Hemorrhoid Veins Potions Apozems Juleps Broths Milk Whey cold Mineral Waters and such like Remedies as these usually prescribed by Practitioners for the Cure of al Cancers in what part of the Body soever And especially Purgations must be frequently reiterated that the antecedent matter of a Cancer may be abated And then outward Remedies are to be used such as are moderately cool and astringent without any corrosive or biting quality they are commonly applied in form of Liniments or Oyntments The best are made after this manner Take Oyl of Myrtles and Roses of each two ounces Juyce of Nightshade and Housleek of each one ounce Stir all together in a Leaden Morter with a Leaden Pestle until they grow black then add Litharge of Silver and Ceruss both washed in Scabious Water of each two drams Camphire ten grains Make all into an Oyntment with which let the part affected be smeared three or four times a day Or Take Oyl of Egg-yolks and of Roses of each one ounce and an half Sugar of Lead one dram Stir them together in a Leaden morter till their color change This following puts down al the rest wherewith Swellings of the Dugs which have been accounted Cancerous have been perfectly cured Take Egg-yolks Oyl two ounces Juyce of Nightshade and Veronica or Housleek of each half an ounce Quick-silver not killed two drams Stir them lustily together in a leaden morter with a leaden pestle till they become thick as an Oyntment The foresaid Oyntments are to be conveyed into the womb upon long tents or upon wax Candles wound in Linnen But Injections may much more easily be conveyed into the Womb. They are compounded on this manner Take Barley Water half a pint Nightshade and Plantane Water of each two ounces Water of Housleek one ounce white Troches of Rhasis two drams Sugar of Lead one dram Make of 〈◊〉 In section 〈◊〉 in be very vehement add to four ounces of the Injection one ounce of Syrup of Poppies Also let the part affected be fomented with the waters of Plantane and Nightshade or their Decoctions whereunto may be added the Leaves of Water-lilly white Poppy red Roses and Camphire Which Decoction may also frequently be injected into the womb and it wil become much more effectual if it shal be wel wrought about in a Leaden morter or a dram of the Sugar of Lead be added to it Among Specifick Remedies Frogs are commended being washed and boyled and laid on as a Pultiss or their Broth being used as an Injection Also the Decoction or juyce of River Crabs iâ—â—ected into the womb As also Herb Robert used inwardly or outwardly If the Cancer be ulcerated the Dose of Minerals must be augmented in the foresaid Liniments and to them the ashes of River Crabs may profitably be added And with the Injections the white Troches of Rhasis may be mingled and Barley Water with the Materials of the foresaid Injection If pain be very urgent Fomentations of Mallows Marsh-mallows Water-Lillies Poppy Henbane Green Coriander Dil Fleawort seeds Milk Saffron and the like are to be used at convenient seasons or Pultisses made of them are to be applied And of their Decoctions Injections and Baths to sit in may be provided Yet wil not al these Medicaments somtimes serve turn to pacifie a most cruel pain which somtimes gives the Patient neither rest nor sleep Which compels us many times to make use of Narcotick or stupefactive Medicines which in this Disease by reason of the exceeding Heat of the Humors do less hurt And I have seen a woman having a Cancer in her Dug that took every night for four months together two or three grains of Laudanum and had no hurt but very great comfort thereby If from an ulcerated Cancer much blood do proceed as it often fals out let Juyce of Plantane with a little Frankinsence be injected into the womb Chap. 11. Of Mortification or Gangrenation and Sphacelation or Blasting of the Womb. A Gangrene is the corruption or mortification of a part beginning but when it is wholly corrupted and dead it is said to be Sphacelated or blasted In the Genital parts of Women this Disease is easily bred because those parts are moister and softer than ordinary and do easily receive the Excrements of the whol Body It often follows an Inflamation Imposthume Ulcer or Cancer il cured when the vital heat of the part is choaked or destroyed It is choaked in
in perfumed Linnen if in the morning the crown of her head shall smel of Galbanum the woman is wel purged and wil be fruitful You may try the same if you put a little Balsom mingled with Water and received in Cotton into the Womb binding it with a string to her Thigh for if the womb do draw it inwards it is a most approved sign of fruitfulness Amatus Lusitanus commends this following as a most true sign He takes a dram of a Hares Runnet which dissolved in warm water he gives the woman to drink being in a bath of hot water and fasting If the Woman do then feel pains in her Belly he pronounceth her fruitful if not barren Many seek to know the Barrenness of a woman by her Urine wherein they steep Barley which Barley if it grow within ten daies they count it a sign of Fruitfulness if not they account it a certain token of Barrenness And others Finally do powr the Womans water upon Bran or Fenugreek and take it for a note of barrenness if Worms breed there For a Conclution to these Discoveries We shall diligently consider and enquire whether Conception and Generasion be not hindred by fault of the Man or any defficiency in him For in such a Case it were vainly done to torment the Woman with a multitude of Medicines Barrenness proceeding from the Man may be known by the diseases of his Genital parts as inability to raise his Yard want of Sperm Swelling of his Stones Gonorrhoea and the rest And it gives some token hereof if the Man be faint hearted and Womanish by Nature if he want a Beard be slow in casting forth his Sperm and his Sperm be cold so that his Wife feel it cold in her Womb if he have little or no Lust to Carnal Embracements and perceive very little pleasure therein And lastly If such Causes have preceded which are of power to make the Seed unfruitful The Prognostick must be regulated according to the Method of the Causes as we have ranked them And in the first place Tenderness of Age hinders conception only for a time which cannot be expected till the Woman is more grown But Elderly years cause a Total dispaire of Conception But if the Parties Courses do as yet proceed in due season there may be yet some hope of Conception howbeit very smal especially in such Women as are at the fortieth yeer of their Age for although Women that have had Children younger are likewise wont to Conceive at that Age yet such as have never been with Child have little reason to hope that they shal Conceive at that Age because the Womb having been so long unimployed is become withered shrunken up and unfit to Conceive Child Barrenness which is caused by an evil shape of the Members as in such as are Lame have distorted Thighs or their Crupper-Bone depressed is incurable But if Barrenness proceed from over Fatness or some distemper of the womb not over old the cure is to be hoped by procuring leanness and by correcting the Distempers That Barrenness which is caused by other diseases as by a Swelling an Ulcer Obstruction whites want of Courses falling of the Womb Consumption Leprous Mangyness Whores-Pox and such like is easier or harder to cure according as the said diseases are either easie to be cured or hard For the Cure of this disease whichsoever of the causes aforesaid hath produced the same we must seek the removal thereof And in the first place the straitness of the Genital Parts in regard of youngness of Age needs no cure for as Age encreases they attain to a convenient wideness But in the mean time it is necessary that the Party abstain from Carnal Conjunction because the oversoon use thereof doth spoil the natural constitution of those parts Barrenness which is caused by lowness of stature or Elderliness of years is incurable yet endeavour may be used to help the same by Emollient and Relaxing Medicaments provided the Courses do still slow Over great Corpulency must be corrected by an extenuating Diet and convenient Evacuations If Barrenness seem to arise from a bad Course of Diet as in persons given over much to Belly-cheer to Wine or small Drink such women are to be reduced to an exact Course of Life and all excess of eating and drinking must be avoided Viragoes and strong constitution'd women such as come neer to the Nature of Men that they may be 〈◊〉 fit for conception must by all the art possible be effeminated and reduced to such manners as become their sex all meats of grosser nourishment being forbidden them and all labours and exercises their Courses being made conveniently to flow by plenty whereof they may be abated of their manly courage and grow soft and gentle And if their monthly courses shall not suâ—fice to that end their humors must be diminished by frequent Blood-letting and purging and by frequent bathing and other alteratiue remedies the whole habit of their Bodys must be moistened and cooled If Barrenness be caused by Closure of the Womb by distorsion by obstructions by Tumors or Ulcers all these must be remedied by such Medicaments as are propounded in those Chapters which treat of their Respective cures Barrenness depending upon an hidden property in the woman which is natural to her is incurable and therefoâ—e it ought diligently to be enquired after least remedies be applied in Vain If Barrenness come by witch-craft Charming or hidden power of Medicaments there is little place for Physick but the party must have recourse to prayers and supplications which being Zealously poured forth by men eminent in piety do procure Help from the Almighty Howbeit against Medicines which by a secret power do cause barrenness certaine Amulets are propounded by Authors which have a peculiar vertue to resist the malignity of such Medicaments Cardan will have it that the Pizzle of a Wolf worn about the woman will frustrate all such Incantations and fascinations Others do much commend the Adamant and the Hyacinth Stone The Antients called Saint John-wort the Divel-driver The same vertue is likewise attributed to the Squil or Sea-Onion to Eryngus â—agapenum Rue other things being worn by Man Wife Also certain it is that for the parties concerned to endeavour confidently to despise and slight all Charmes and Witch-crafts is very profitable in this case Also if the Author of the Witch-craft be not known it is good for them to Change their Habitation and to forsake their Houses Beds wearing Cloathes and other Houshold stuff wherein the Charmes are oftentimes concealed If an hot Distemper be the cause of Barrennes the same Cure is to be used which was described in the hot distemper of the Liver But if the Excess of Heat be yet more violent recourse must be had to those things which have bin described in our Chapter of Womb-fury But the camphire must be let out of those Medicines Because it is held to be a very great Enemy
to fruitfullness Extream Dryness hindring Conception must be cured by a restorative Diet and if the Consumption of the flesh be much we must have recourse to the Cure of an Hectick feaver viz. Use of Milk frequent Bathing and such like But the most frequent Cause of Barrenness is a cold and moist distemper of the whol Body and of the Womb which is often accompanied with the Whites whose particular Cure must be 〈◊〉 from its proper Chapter But the following Medicaments may be peculiarly applied to these distempers which by a discreet Physitian may be varied so as to make them more heating or drying according as Moisture shall the more offend And in the first place flegmatick humors abounding in the Body are to be evacuated by purging diuretick and sudorisick Medicaments And certain Revulsions are to be made by â—ssues in the Armes Neck or thighs Also the principal parts are to be strengthened with Treacle Mithridate Tablets or Lozenges of Aromaticum Rosatum Confection of Alkemies and such like Also Purgations must be repeated at certain distances of time if Evil humors do sâ—em to abound Afterward we must proceed to such things which do by a peculiar virtue or specâ—â—ck property strengthen the Womb help Conception and procure desire of fleshly Imbracements of which kind of Medicaments there are innumerable formes described by Authors We shall in this place chuse out the principal and set before you And in the first place An Electuary may thus be made Take Roots of Eryngus and Satyrion candied or preserved of each one ounce Green Ginger candied half an ounce â—iâ—bert Kernells Pine-Kernells and Pistachioâ— of each six drams one preserved Nutmeg Seeds of Rocket and Water-Cresses of each two drams ashes of a Bulls Pizzle the Reins of the Sea-Scinkos and shavings of Ivory of each one dram Confection of Alkermes three drams The Pouders Dâ—ambâ—a and Dâ—amoschum Dulce of each one ounce and a half Amber Greece half a dram With Syrup of Preserved Citrons make an Electuaâ—y of which let her take the quantity of a Chessnut aâ— her lying down to sleep twice or thrice in a week drinking a small draught of Canary Sack or Hyppocras after it In the form of a Pouder the following Medicaments may be administred Take Seeds of Rocket Siler Montanum of each half a dram shavings of Ivory Cinnamon Nutmeg of each a dram Musk in such as can away with it three grains White Sanders three drams Mix them and make of all a Pouder The Dose is one dram in Canary Or Take Seeds of Rocket wild Parsnep Cinnamon Pouder of the Nutmeg Electuary Diambrae and Diamoschus of each one dram the Matrix of an Hare a Bores-stones a staggs Pizzle Cloves of each half a dram Musk and Amber-greece of each six graines Sugar the weight of all the rest Mingle them make them into Pouder whose Dose is two drams with rich Canary The Afterbirth of a woman is believed to be of great efficacy being dried and Poudered and taken to the quantity of a dram Some Reckon as a secret the Pouder of the Liver and Stones of a Boare-Pig which the Sow his Mother farrowed alone without any Brothers or Sisters by him This Pouder they say cures Barrenness both in men and women Matthiolus in his Comments upon Dioscorides cries up the Seed of the Herb Amy in these words The Seed of the true Amy which is brought from Alexandria does exceedingly help the Barrenness of women For experience hath shewn that many have bin made fruitful only by the use of this Seed For if it be drunk a drams weight in a morning in strong Wine or in broath of flesh being finely Poudered every other day three hours before Meat it gives great hopes of Children But the Man must have to do with his Wife only on those daies in which she does not take the Seed In such women whose bowells are apt to be Inflamed the shavings of Ivory will be very good taken to the quantity of a dram in White Wine for four or five daies together after the monthly Purgation The Essence of Satyrion described by Crollius is most excellent in this case if it be given from a scruple and two scruples to a dram in a Cup of Muscadine Salt of the said Satyrion is also very effectual given to the quantity of ten grains in Muscadine after the Courses Divers Decoctions are wont to be made to the same intent The most effectual are these which follow Take Eryngo Roots one ounce Mugwort Nep of each a handful Boyl them in white Wine Give a Cuâ— of the Decoction morning and evening with a dram of Tryphera Magna made without Opium nine daies together Quercetanus highly commends this which followeth Take of the Stones of a Ram prepared with Wine and dried the Matrix of an Hare prepared after the same manner and dried Mace Cinnamon Cloves white Ginger Seeds of Ammeos of each two drams Saffron a dram and an half Hazel-nut Kernels and Pistachios of each three drams Beat such of these as require beating and boyl all in a quart of Muscadine till a third part be consumed Let her take three or four ounces of this Decoction in a morning three hours before meat and that three daies together and upon the fourth let her lie with her Husband The distilled Water following is likewise very effectual Take of Cinnamon Cloves Nutmeg Mace of each an ounce Cubebs long Pepper Galangal Zedoary Seeds of Ameos Seseleos of each half an ounce Juniper Berries one dram rich white Wine Rosemary Water Marjoram water Balm water of each as much as shall suffice Let them digest together six daies and then distil them and give of the stilled Water morning and evening two or three spoonfuls Pena and Lobellius propound as a Secret not to be communicated to any living Creature the distilled Oyl of the smaller and more delicate sort of sweet Marjoram mingled with the Runnet of an Hare and a little Musk to facilitate Conception If a woman upon the fourth day of her monthly Purgations shall drink about half a pint of the Juyce of Sage with a little Salt and a quarter of an hour after submit her self to the Genial Embracements of her Husband many grave men affirm she will undoubtedly conceive With which Medicine Aetius testifies that the Aegyptian Women after a great mortality by Pestilence had abundance of Children To the foresaid internal Medicaments external Medicaments must be joyned In the use whereof it is diligently to be observed that before we go about to dry bind and corroborate the womb that the filth contained in the Cavity thereof be first drawn away and purged lest it either flow back into the noble parts of the Body or be more affixed to the substance of the Womb. First therefore such things must be given as purge the womb after this manner compounded Take Diaphoenicon and Hiera Picra of each half an ounce Turpentine and Honey of Mercury of each one
ounce Castoreum a dram Mix all and according to art bring them to such a constitution as shall be fit to make Pessaries to put inâ—o the Womb. Or Take of Hiera Picra half an ounce Agaricktrochiscated and poudered Orice Roots of Florence of each one dram old Mithridate and Diaphoenicon of each two drams With Juyce of Mercury make a Pessary Roul it in a cloth put it up when she goes to bed and let her keep it two or three hours If the Womb be very full of Excrements a more strong Pessary must be put in after this following Injection Take Leaves of Wormwood Mugwort Mercury and Rue of each one handful and an half Pulp of Coloquintidaten grains Agarick trochiscated half a dram Ginger and Myrrh of each a scruple Boyl all in water and white wine to a pint wherein dissolve two ounces of Honey of Roses Let three ounces of this Liquor be injected into the Womb for three daies together in the morning and when she goes to bed after her Courses have done Then put up this following Pessary Take Hiera Picra and Benedict a Laxativa of each an ounce the pulp of Coloquintida and Agarick trochiscated of each half a dram Spicknard Seeds of the Roman Nigella Savin Leaves poudered of each a dram Incorporate them with Honey of Rosemary flowers and include them in a piece of Silk Make Pessaries hereof and put one into her womb when she is going to bed and let it bide there two hours and afterward wash the part with white Wine To strengthen fasten and dry the womb these following Medicaments may be used Take Roots of round Birthwort half an ounce Lignum Aloes three drams Cypress Nuts and Roots of each two drams Calamus Aromaticus a dram Dictamnus Creticus Winter Savory and Mirrh Leaves of each one handful choyce Mirrh Storax and Benjamin of each two drams and an half Stoechados Rosemary flowers and Marjoram of each one pugil Boyl all in a sufficient quantity of strong white Wine In a pint and an half of the strained Liquor dissolve two drams of Troches of Alipta Moschata Amber-greece and Musk of each seven grains Civet five grains Make hereof an Injection into the Womb warm morning and night for certain daies together Before or after the Injection this following Fumigation may be used Take Troches of Gallia and Alipta Moschata of each two drams Storax Benjamin and pure Ladanum of each half an ounce Lignum Aloes and Lignum Rhodium of each one dram Nigella Seeds Cubebs and Cloves of each four scruples Amber and Tacamahacca of each one dram and an half Mace half a dram Make of all a Pouder of which with Orange-flower water wherein Gum Tragacanth is dissolved make little Cakes or Troches of which let one or two be laid upon burning coals and let the smoak be received by a Funnel into the Patients Womb. The poorer sort may be smoaked with Mirrh Frankincense Lignum Aloes Storax Benjamin Cinnamon and Cloves of each a like quantity After the Injection and Fumigation let the following Pessary be put up Take Frankincense Mastich of each two drams Troches of Gallia and Alipta Moschata of each four scruples Bistort Roots Cypress nuts Shavings of Ivory and red Roses of each one dram Styrax Benjamin and Ladanum of each two scruples Calamus Aromaticus and Cypress Roots of each half a dram Make them into a Paste with Orange-flower Water then with thin linnen cloth make two Pessaries of sufficient greatness one of which put up when she goes to bed anointing the top thereof with a little Oyl of Nutmegs and Civet mingled together It is furthermore related of Garden Garliâ—k That if it be beaten with Oyl of Spike and thrust into a piece of Linnen made like a Pudding bag and so put up far within the Womb that it powerfully brings down the Courses being stopt and wonderfully delights the womb and purgeth it so that hereby many have been brought to conceive Children who for a long time had been past al hope of ever having any Before the strengthening Injections and Fumigation a Bath to sit in may be used for an hour together before the Patient goes to bed and it may be thus prepared Take Roots of Briony Master-wort â—alerian Orice Enula Campana of each three ounces Leaves of Marjoram Mugwort Nep Penyroyal Mercury Sage Bay of each four handfuls Bay-berries and Juniper Berries of each an ounce Boyl all and make thereof a Bath for the Patient to sit in As for total Baths such as arise from Brimstony and Bituminous Mines are most excellent and very many women in this Condition do flock unto such Baths as to a Sanctuary After Bathing and Fumigation the Share and the space between the Privities and Fundament must be anointed with this following Oyntment Take Oleum Nardinum Moschatellinum of each an ounce and an half Oleum Cheirinum half an ounce Pouders Diambrae and Diamoschi of each one dram an half Liquid Storax one dram Civet ten grains Musk Amber-greece of each six grains a little white Wax Mix all and make them into an Oyntment Wherewith let the parts aforesaid be anointed Within let her be nointed with Civet or Indian natural Balsom Or let the Man smear his Yard with Civet immediately before he joyn himself Finally Let Plaisters be applied to the Share and to the Loyns which let her wear continually or at least every night until the last week in which her Courses are wont to flow Let them be made after this manner Take of the Rowl of Emplastrum pro Matrice four ounces Of the Rowl of Emplastrum de Mastiche two ounces Tacamahacca and Caranna of each one ounce Pouder of Tormentil and Bistort Roots of each three ounces Pouder of Mirtle two drams Pouder of Aromaticum Rosatum four scruples Soften them with Oyl of Quinces adding thereto a dram of Oyl of Nutmegs Spread it upon Leather and shape two Plaisters the one round to be applied to the Share the other square for the Loyns of the Patient Chap. 16. Of Acute and Chronical Diseases of Women with Child THe Acute and Chronical Diseases of women with Child are the same in Essence or Nature and have the same signs with the like Diseases in women not with Child or in men wherefore it is needless in this place to speculate thereupon let the Reader please to look for them in their proper Chapters But the Prognostick of these Diseases is not the same because in women with Child they are far more dangerous and very often times mortal So saith Hippocrates in Aphor. 31. Sect. 5. For a Woman with Child to be feized by an acute disease is deadly For it the Disease have a Feaver joyned with it there is a two-fold danger attending the same as Galen shews in his Commentary upon this Aphorism one from the Feaver which will kil the Child another from the slender diet which is requisite to the Cure of the Feaver but is not sufficient to
reason of plenty of excrements heaped together in the first Region and distending the Belly it suffocates the child or it vitiates the blood in the whol habit of the Body rendring it unfit to nourish the child or it fills the Vessels of the womb which retain the child full of slime and snot This Badness of Humors may likewise be holpen by blood-letting but it must be in a lesser quantity seeing the principla scope of the Cure is by frequent Purgations to take away the super fluous Excrements of the Body And in the spaces between Purge and Purge such things must be used as help the distemper of the Bowels mitigate the sharpness of Humors if there be any or thicken the said Humors in case they be too thin Or if slegmatick Humors are too rife they must be discussed by Sweat-drivers Piss-drivers and other Remedies Howbeit we must diligently observe that whatever ill humor abounds Issues are wonderful profitable to prevent Abortion of which Zacutus Lusitanus gives a special note in these words By most happy Experiments I have observed That frequent Abortion caused by corrupted Humors which slow from the whol Body to the Womb and by their evil disposition or abundance do kill the child is hereby as by a most present help prevented Many women did miscarry upon this very account among which some having often times brought forth a Child of seven months or four months growth but torn and putrefied could by no other means be freed from so great a Calamity save by Issues made in their Arms and Thighs which were alwaies made at the beginning of the fluxion by which means they went out their time and brought forth Children healthy and not defiled with any Infection The peculiar Diseases of the Womb as over great Moisture Swellings Ulvers and such like must be cured by their proper Remedies described in the Chapters which treat of them In women with Child if the same Causes be present as in other women the difficulty is yet greater because big-bellied women cannot so easily bear all kind of Remedies Yet lest being destitute of all help they should remain in extream danger of Miscarriage and Death some kind of Remedies are to be used In case therefore the Patient be too full of blood she must have a Vein opened though with child especially in the first months and that the second and third time if need be Alwaies remembring that there never be much blood taken away at a time Of which kind of bleeding we have discoursed more at large in the foregoing Cure And when there is an abundance of some very bad Humors gentle Purgations must be reiterated especially in the middle months of a womans being with Child And if a moist rheumatick snotty or windy distemper do annoy the Patient we may somtimes proceed to a Sudorifick Diâ—t at least a gentle one in the stronger sort of women Mean while in the whol course of being with child astringent and strengthening Medicaments are to be used such as have a vertue to hinder Abortion Many of which have been described in our Chapter of immoderate flux of Courses whereunto these following may profitably be added Take of Kermes and Tormentil Roots of each three drams Mastich one dram and an half Make all into a Pouder of which give the Patient half a dram at certain distances of time or as much as may be taken up upon the point of a knife Or Take red Coral two drams Kermes berries Date Stones of each one dram Shavings of Ivory half a dram Pearls not bored through ascruple Make of all a Pouder Or ler her swallow every day certain grains of Mastich in the morning Our ordinary women do frequently use Plantane Seed which they take in the morning about the quantity of half a dram with Wine and Water or in an Egg or Broth or by it self almost every day the whol time of their being with Child and that not in vain To the same purpose very effectual Electuaries are compounded according to this following Example Take Conserve of Roses two ounces Citron peels candied six drams Myrobalans candied Pulp of Dates of each half an ounce Coral prepared Pearls prepared and Shavings of Ivory of each a dram With Syrup of quinces make all into an Opiate of which let the Patient take often the quantity of a Chestnut If a Liquid form shall be more desired a Decoction of Tormentil Roots sweetened with Conserve of Roses may profitably be given The following Lozenges are very good for they strengthen and do by little and little free the Body from Excrements though somtimes they do not visibly purge Take Mace the three sorts of Sanders Rhubarb Senna Carals Pearls of each a scruple Sugar dissolved in Rose-water four ounces Make all into Lozenges weighing three drams apiece Let her take one twice a week by it self or dissolved in a little Broth. Outwardly Oyntments and Plaisters are to be applied made after this manner Take Ship-pitch half an ounce Frankincense an ounce Mastich half an ounce Dragons Blood and red Roses of each two drams Make all into a Cerate or Plaister Or Take Oyl of Myrtles and Mastich of each an ounce red Sanders and yellow Hypocistis Acacia of each half an ounce Spodium red Roses of each two drams Bole Armoniack Terra Sigillata Shavings of Ivory of each two scruples Turpentine washed in Plantane Water an ounce Wax as much as shall suffice Make all into a Cerate or Plaister spread it upon a Cloth and apply it to the Reins Plaisters are compounded of the Mass of Emplastrum pro Matrice and Emplastrum contra Rupturam to be applied to the Region of the Share and of the Loyns Or after this manner following Take of the Mass or Rowl of Emplastrum pro Matrice three ounces Bistort Roots Acacia Hypocistis Pomegranate peels of each half an ounce Ladanum six drams Moisten and soften them with Juyce of Quinces and make a Rowl of Plaister for the use aforesaid Concerning Plaisters it is to be observed That they must not be worn long together but taken off ever and anon otherwise if they stick too long upon the Back they do so heat the Kidneys that the poor women are somtimes troubled with sharpness of Urine or do somtimes piss Sand Stones yea and Blood it self Neither must we omit such things which are accounted by a secret property of their Nature to retain a Child in the womb as an Aegle-stone worn about the Neck a Load-stone applied to the Navel Corals Jaspers Smaragds Bones found in the Hearts of Stags and such like worn under the Arm-pits or hanged about the Neck Zacutus Lusitanus in Obs 152. of the Second Book of wonderful Cures commends a Girdle made of the Hide of a Sea-horse and if that be not to be had he saith a Wolfs Skin may profitably be used instead thereof And that the success of these Medicaments may be happy the Patient must be enjoyned to rest
one foot or when it endeavors to come forth doubled with its breech or its belly foremost In regard of the Childs Adjuncts or certain things belonging to the Child difficulty of Travail happens when those membranes which enclose the Child are more thin than ordinary so that they come to break sooner than they should whence followed an over quick effusion of the waters conteined therein whereupon the mouth of the Womb remaines dry at the time of the exclusion of the Infant or where the foresaid Membranes are more thick and compact than ordinary by which means the Child is hardly able to breake them External Causes depend upon things necessary and things contingent the things necessary are such as Physitians commonly call res non naturales things not natural So a cold and dry air and the Northern-wind are very hurtfull to women in travail because they straiten the whol Body drive the Blood and spirits inwards and prove very destructive to the Infant coming forth of so warm a place as the Womb. Also air more hot than ordinary dissipates the spirits and exhausts the strength both of Mother and Child easily introduceing a feaverish Inflammation into a Body replenished with ill humors and exagitated Meates raw and hard to digest or of an astringent quality taken in a large Quantity before the time of travail may render the same laborious the stomach being weakened and the common passages stopped which in this case ought to be very free and open Sleepyness and Sottishess do slacken the endeavours both of the Mother and the Child and shew nature to be weak Unseasonable stirring of the woman doth much delay the Birth of the Child whenas she refuses to stand to walk lie down or to sit upon the Midwifes stoole as need shall require or when she is unduely agitated to and fro whence it comes to pass that the Child cannot lâ—â—ue in a sitting posture or looses the good posture it had by reason of the Mothers undue and disorderly moveing her self The retention of Excrements at the time of Travail as of Urin distending the Bladder of hard excrements in the streight Gutt and hemorrhoids much Swelled do straiten the neck of the Womb and divert nature from her endeavour of expelling the Child And in a word vehement Passions of mind as Fear Sadness Anger may very much encrease the difficulty of Child birth To things contingent are referred Blowes Falls wounds which may very much hinder the Birth hereunto likewise appertain the parties assistant in time of travail to help the labouring woman viz. strong women and maid servants which may lift her up and support her when she is in her labours and especially an expert Midwife which ought to mannage the whol Business For if the Midwife err in her office it is wont to cause difficulty of Birth For sometimes the Midwises do over soon exhort the Childing woman to hold their breath and to strain themselves to exclude their Child while the bands which fasten the Child to the Womb are as yet unloosed by which means the strength of the woman is wasted before hand which should have bin reserved to the just time of her travail Yea and the truth is while the Midwifes do oversoon perswade the Childing women that the time of their travail is at hand they bend all their strength to exclude the Child and oftentimes violently break those bands with which the Child is fastened and cast themselves into no small Jeopardy Hard Travail is known both by the Childing woman and by the Assistants but especially by the Midwife And in the first place if the woman continue a longer time than ordinary in her Labors as two three four or more daies whereas a truly natural Child-birth ought to be accomplished within the space of 24. Houres Again it is a Sign of an hard Labor if the womans paines be weak and are long before they return and if her paines are more about her Back than Privities And the Causes of hard travail are known by relation of the Childing woman and are for the most part evidently to be seen So the weakness of the woman her over leanness or over fatness is perceived by the habit of her Body Diseases of the Womb are known by their proper Signes The Childs weakness is known by its weak and slow moving it self But the Signes of a dead Child shall be declared in the next Chapter The greatness of the Child may be gathered from the stature of the Parents especially when a big-Bodyed man is matched with a little woman But when there are none of these Signes and the woman labours stoutly and the Child stirrs and makes its way sufficiently and yet the travail is hard and painful it is a token that the secundine or After-birth is stronger than ordinary and can hardly be broken which conjecture is more probable if no water or moisture come from the woman dureing her Labors The disorderly posture of the Child is perceived by the Midwife and the other Causes are visible to the Eye as we said before As for the Prognostick Hard-Travail is of it self dangerous in which sometimes the Mother sometimes the Child and sometimes both do loose their lives If a woman be four daies in Labor it s hardly possible the Child should live Sleepy diseases and convulsions which befall a woman in Travail are for the most part deadly Sneezing which befalls a woman in sore Travail is good Out of Hippocrates in his Aphorismes To cure difficulty in Child-birth first all causes which may delay the birth are as much as may be to be removed And afterwards such Medicines as further the Birth are Methodically to be administred And in the first place it is common among the women to give a groaning wife a spoonfull or two of Cinnamon Water Or Cinnamon it self in Pouder with a little Saffron may be given or half a dram of Consectio Alkermes may be drunk in a little Broath Also Saffron alone being given ten graines in every Mess of Broath the woman takes or every hour being taken in a little Wine is very good Or. Take Oyl of sweet Almonds and White Wine of each two ounces Saffron and Cinnamon of eath twelve graines Confectio Alkermes half a dram Syrup of Maiden Hair one ounce and an half Mix all and make thereof a potion If this shall not suffice but that stronger things must be used the following potion wil be most effectual which I have had frequent experience of Take Dictamnus Cretensis both the Birthworts and Trochiscs or Cakes of Myrrh of each half asc uple Saffron and Cinnamon of each twelve grains Confectio Alkermes half a dram Cinnamon Water half an ounce Orange-flower and Mugwort Water of each an ounce and an half Make all into a potion Among the more effectual sort of Medicaments are numbred Oyl of Amber Oyl of Cinnamon and extract of Saffron which do in a little quantity work â—â—ch viz. Extract of Saffron
retained which is not so easie to be known yet it may be known because the Womb after the Birth doth yet labor to cast somwhat forth although those endeavors are not so great as formerly there is perceived in the womb a sence of pain and heat and after certain daies a â—ilthy and carrion-like smel exhales from the Womb. The Retention of the Secundine is a very dangerous thing and if it continue some daies in the womb it acquires a silthy putrefaction whence ariseth an acute Feaver aptness to vomit fainting difficulty or breathing a Diaphoretick Sweat Coldness of the extream parts Hysterical Fits Fits of Falling-sickness and at last death it self Hippocrates in the Second Book of Popular Sicknesses by the example of a certain Carriers Wife doth hint unto us That it is good in this case when corrupt blood doth suddenly come from the womb in large quantities for it is hopeful that those Membranes being rotted and wasted will flow forth upon the sixth or seventh day The After-birth retained is expelled by the same Remedies which were propounded to drive out the dead Child whereunto we may add some appropriated or specifick Medicaments mentioned by Authors Gesnerus and Augenius do very much commend the stones of a gelded Horse cut in pieces and dried in an Oven The Pouder whereof is given as much as can be taken up between three fingers with the Broth of a Pullet which Medicine if need be must be twice or thrice reâ—â—erated Rulandus gave thirty drops of Oyl of Juniper with happy success Some advise the Childing Woman to hold an Onion hard between her Teeth and squeeze it there swallowing down the Juyce and she is to bite it so three or four times still sucking out the Juyce and swallowing the same and at last to drink a draught of warm Wine upon it which presently helps her Forestus makes relation of a certain Midwife which received this following Secret from a â—ewish Physitian Shee took the green Tops of Lovage she stamped them and strained out the Juyce with the best Rhenish Wine and gave a draught of it to the Patient Angelus Sala commends Mercurâ—us vitae in this Case as well as in the Expulsion of a dead Child Hereunto add Sneezings Fumigations Fomentations Liniments and other Medicines both inward and outward soâ—â—erâ—y described in the case of a dead Child The following Decoction used by a Country woman of ours hath done wonders Take Vinegar of Roses eight or ten pints Bay Leaves and Bay Berries of each three handfuls one Rose Caze cut in bits Boyl all together and let her Hips and Legs be a long time together bathed from her gâ—oyns down to her feet Vpon the use hereof the Womb hath opened of its own accord and the After-birth fallen away To this Decoction may fiâ—â—y be added of Mirrh and of the two Birthworts of each one ounce And among other helps the hand of a skilful Chyrurgion can do much being put into the womb before the Inflamation or Inflation be augmented For he laying hold of the After-births and gently turning them this way and that way may draw them out and free the woman from so many Symptomes and tiresom Medicines If the Secundine can by no means be perswaded forth but stick strongly to the womb and there putrefie suppurating things are to be put into the womb clensing things being mingled with them that as much as is putrefied may be by little and little brought forth To which intent Rondeletius commends Vnguentum Basilicum especially if it be dissolved in the following Decoction Take Leaves of Mallows with their Roots three handfuls Roots of the two Aristolochia's or Birthworts of each six drams Lin-seed and Foenugreek seed of each half an ounce Violet Leaves one handful Flowers of Chamomel and the smaller Centaury of each half a handful Boyl all in Water mixing therewith if there need great supâ—â—ration or reduction to Matter a little Oyl but if there be more need of detersion or clensing add a little Unguentum Aegyptiacum Chap. 21. Of Immoderate Flux of the Loches or Child-bed Purgations THe Immoderate Flux of Child-bed Purgations called from the Greek Loches is not to be estimated from the quantity or the time of continuance because that in divers Natures Ages and Courses of Life it is very different but from the ill-bearing of the woman and her weakness therefrom arising The Causes of this immoderate Flux are the over wide opening of the Vessels or their rending in hard Travel or the violent drawing forth of the After-birth or a more than ordinary quantity of blood which hath been collected in the Veins of the Womb during the whol course of the Womans being with Child or the thinness and sharpness of the said Blood which doth too much open the Mouthes of the Veins and provoke Nature to Excretion Immoderate flux of the Child-bed Purgations is known as hath been said from the strength of the woman which is dejected through the exhaustion of her spirits that issue with the blood also the blood is clotted and the Patient loaths all meat is pained under her short Ribs feels a distention of her Belly her Pulse is weak and frequent her sight is dimmed she hath noise in her Ears is subject to Swooning and Convulsions As all great Fluxes of Blood are dangerous because blood is the Treasure of our Life so immoderate flux of the Child-bed Purgations is more dangerous than the rest because of the Travel which goes before and weakens the Patient But the danger is more or less according to the greater or less quantity of the Blood which comes away and as the Symptomes are more light or grievous which attend the same which made Hippocrates to say in the 55. Aphorism of the fift Section If Convulsion or Swooning betides a Woman upon her Feminine Purgations it 's a shrewd sign The Cure of an Immoderate flux of Blood consists in one only Point viz. The stoppage of the said flux Yet extraordinary care is to be taken lest that be kept within which by these Purgations was wont to be carried away and so prove the cause of grievous Infirmities And therefore if the flux do not extreamly urge we must begin with lighter Medicaments proceeding by little and little if need shall require to such as are stronger And in the first place The violent Motion of the Blood is to be bridled by an incrassating of thickening Diet as by Panadaes Gellies Rice Starch with Calves-foot Broths Pears and Quinces boyled Rosted Flesh sprinkled with juyce of Pome-granates Let her have pretty plenty of Meat but not at once but divers times one after another For by this means the Heat and Spirit which in the Womb do aslist to the Expulsion are called away to the Stomach and by that means the Patients strength is restored Let her Drink be Water that hath had Iron quenched in it or Gold or in which a little Mastich hath been boyled Then such things
this manner Take Roots of Marsh-mallows and Water-lillies of each one ounce the long and round Birthwort of each three drams Leaves of Mallows Marsh-mallows Pellitory Mercury of each one handful Line seed and Fenugreek seed of each half an ounce Flowers of Chamomel and Elder of each two pugils Boyl all to a pint In the strained Liquor dissolve Oyl of Dill and Lillies of each one ounce Hiera simplex half an ounce Unguentum de Arthanita one dram Mix all into a Clyster Let her Thighs be rubbed downwards let the Toes of her Feet be tied till they ake again let divers Cupping-Glasses be fixed to her Groyns and Hips and let some of them be scarrified If these means suffice not open the Veins about the Knees or of both the Thighs or the Hemorrhoid Veins if Nature seem to incline that way If a Feaver be caused by suppression of these Purgations a Vein must be opened in the Arm as shall be said in the Diseases of Women in Child-bed This following Fomentation may be applied to her Belly beneath the Navel and to the Privy Parts Take Roots of Marsh-mallows Lillies Briony Angelica and Birthwort round and long of each an ounce Leaves of Mercury Mugwort Penyroyal Savine Calaminth of each one handful Lin-seeds and Fenugreek seeds of each an ounce Flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder Tansie of each a pugil Beat them and cut them according to art and put them into two bags which boyl in Fountain Water and apply by course one after another After Fomentation anoint the foresaid Parts with Oyl of Lillies Sweet Almonds and Sesamum adding thereto a little Saffron Hereunto may be added such Pessaries and Fumigations as have been set down in our Chapter of Suppression of the Courses beginning with the most gentle Let her drunk a Decoction of opening Roots Cinnamon and red Vetches with a little Saffron Or Take Opening Roots of each two drams Leaves of Bettony Endive Maiden-hair of each a handful Schaenanth one pugil Annis seed and Fennel seed of each one scruple red Vetches a spoonful Boyl all to a pint and an half To the strained Liquor ad Cinnamon Water two drams Syrup of the five opening Roots three ounces Let her take four ounces twice a day Before the Feaver be encreased we may somtimes give Troches of Mirrh one dram with white Wine or Fennel water Forestus useth the following Decoction though there be a Feaver Take French Barley one handful Liquoris scraped half an ounce Schaenanth one dram and an half Boyl all to a pint for three Doses For the weaker he causeth one dram of Schaenanth to be boyled in Chicken Broth which he gives the Patient to drink Also a Purgation may be convenient seven or nine daies after she is delivered of the Infusion of Rhubarb Agarick or Senna or with a Laxative Broth made of opening Herbs and Roots with Senna or with an ounce and an half of Manna dissolved in Broth. Chap. 23. Of Gripings after Child-bearing GRipings do so frequently betide Women in Child-bed that very few Women are free from them But they are not wont to seek to the Physitian for these Pains because within two or three daies they go away But if they happen more sharp and of longer durance than ordinary they are forced to send for the Physitian who before he prescribe any thing must consider the Causes The chief Causes of Gripings and Pains after Child-birth are the plenty of Blood its thickness sharpness and narrowness of the Vessels For the Veins of the VVomb having for nine months forborn their usual evacuation of blood and the blood being gathered in great quantity and by its retention becoming thick and sharp while it goes through the narrow passages it causeth pains which return by fits as often as the womb endeavors a new expulsion of blood which being over they cease till such time as other blood doth seek its way forth Somtimes these gripings are caused by Winds or by Cold received into the Womb but not so often These Pains are differenced from others which are wont to afflict the Belly by their continuance and by the distances of holding up which they observe according to distant fits of the bloods issuing forth and the women themselves can easily distinguish these pains from all others Thick blood is known by clottering but the thin blood by its tenuity fresh color or yellowish If the Pain spring from wind it is more wandring being somtime in one part of the Belly and somtimes in another neither doth it observe the distances in which the Blood issues If cold Air have entred the Womb it may be known by a relation of what hath been acted about the sick woman These pains are not dangerous but for the most part exceeding troublesom therefore must be removed or mitigated as soon as may be The Cure of these Gripings ought to be directed to these ends viz. That the Vessels of the VVomb be made wider the Blood thinner and its sharpness mitigated All which may be accomplished by these following Medicaments And first of all let the Patients Belly be gently swathed that her womb may settle and not be moved this way and that way as often falls out after Child-birth by reason of the sudden evacuation Then give her three ounces of Oyl of sweet Almonds new drawn with an ounce and an half of Syrup of Violets and two ounces of Hippocras Let Clysters be cast in of Milk and Sugar with the Yolks of Eggs. Or they may be made of a Decoction of Chamomel flowers and Mugwort in Pullet Broth adding Oyl of Lillies and the Yolks of Egs. Anoint her Belly with Carminating or Wind-expelling and opening Oyls as Oyl of Dill Rue Jasmine or with this following which being of great efficacy ought to be made in time convenient and kept in the Apothecaries Shop for such occasions Take Roots of round Birthwort Orice and Peony of each one ounce Cypress Roots half an ounce dried Leaves of Mugwort Feaverfew Origanum Calaminth Penyroyal Dictamnus Cretensis Wormwood Savin Rue Bettony and Sage of each one handful Flowers of Rosemary Stoechados Lavender Chamomel Dill St. Johns wort and Elder of each half a handful Bay-berries and Juniper berries of each half an ounce Seeds of Cummin Rue Piony Carrots and Agnus Castus of each three drams Cloves Nutmeg Cinnamon Ginger of each two drams Storax and Mirrh of each one ounce Let all being beaten and cut be steeped in six pints of old Oyl adding a little white Wine And put them in an Earthen Vessel close stopped the space of a week and then boyl them over hot Embers the space of four oâ— five hours then let the Oyl be strained out and reserved for use If the foresaid Oyl be wansing upon occasion let the foresaid simples boyl in equal portions of Oyl and white Wine till the white Wine be consumed then let the Oyl be strained out Also a Fomentation may be made of the Decoction of Mugwort Bawm
Green Tobacco Leaves beaten and laid on do ease the Gout and are said to be of a stupefactive Nature As for the Efficient Cause of the pain to the Humor flowing into the Part repelling Medicaments must be opposed and to that which is allready in deriving and resolving Medicaments must be applied Howbeit repelling Medicines are disallowed in this Case especially alone and without the commixture of other things For if they shal wholly stop the influx of the matter into the Parts affected it is to be Feared least they retiring to the inward Parts should cause dangerous diseases unless they happen to be translated to some other Joynt Again the Humor which hath already flowed into the Part is the more driven inward by which means the Pains become more violent But yet if in the beginning of the Gout there be a great afflux of Humors especially hot ones which threatens sharp Pains to follow it will be convenient in some measure to repress the same by applying repellers not alone but mixed with such things as mitigate Pain after universal and sufficient Evacuations For then such things as do overmuch relax do help forward the afflux of Humors And therefore we may ad unto the foresaid cataplasmes and other remedies Plantane Lettice Purslane Housleek and such like as also a little Vineger As for example Take Barley Meal three ounces Boyl it in Water and Vineger add two Yolks of Eggs Saffron twenty grains Make all into a Pultis Or Take Red Roses an Handful Barley and Fenugreek Meal of each one ounce Red Sanders one dram and an half Chamomel Flowers one pugil when they are Boyled and beaten add two Yolks of Eggs Vineger four ounces Oyl of Roses as much as shall suffice make all into a Pultis Among remedies which derive the Humor from the Part affected are Horse-Leeches after sufficient Evacuation applied thereunto for then they do much good especially when the Veins in the Part affected do seem distended and swelling with Blood Now resolving Medicaments are wont to be used in divers forms as of Waters Oyls Unguents Balsoms Fomentations Fumigations Cataplasmes Plaisters and the like compounded after this manner Take Vitriol white and green of each one ounce camphire two drams aqua vitae and white Wine of each one pint Mix them and apply them with cloathes dipped in them Or Slake Lime in Urine purifie the Liquor and foment the Pained place therewith It is likewise good if it be done with Vineger and Lime Martinus Rulandus in the Centuries of his Cures doth mightily cry up his Gout-quelling Water but never describes the same But Libavius Petreus and others suppose it was thus made Take Fountain Water a Pint Aqua fortis half an ounce Sublimate one dram Boyl them a quarter of an hour Wet linnen cloaths in this Liquor and apply them luke-warm to the Part affected Quercetanus in his Pharmacopoeia propounds these following Take Pickle of salt and the Vrin of a Boy of each Equal Parts Still them and Wet Linnen Cloathes in the Water and apply to the place affected often changing the cloathes for fresh ones Take Green Elder Leaves and flowers of each one pound beat them and steep them in Aqua vitae for two or three daies still them in a Glass or Copper vessel till they be dry Take Spirit of Wine rectified two pounds of the finest honey one pound Distill them in Balneo Vaporoso So you shall still two Liquors The first is watrish The second much stronger and Sulphureous which you shall keep by it self To the remaining materialls add an ounce and an half of whol Oriental saffron Venice turpentine two ounces Castoreum six drams Tartar calcined till it be white half a pound dissolved salt an ounce Phlegm of vitriol not separate from its spirit four ounces Lie made of Vinetree-Ashes two pound steep them together twenty four hours Then still them til they become dry keep the Liquor which comes likewise by it self To the Dreggs remaining pour on the former Water which you kept Steep them and still them Lastly put all the distilled Waters together and distill them in Balneo Vaporoso Quercetanus saies That this Water is of wondrous efficacy and that it was communicated unto him by a certain most famous German as a special guift affirming that this was the very Water of Rulandus And he averred that he had seen the rare effects thereof in easing the Pains of the Gout if Linnen cloathes being moderately warmed and dipped therein be applied to the Part affected The same Quercetanus in his Councel touching the Gout doth brag that he reserves to himself his Gout-quelling Water as a Master-peice for such an old soldier as himself to boast of which he saies is made of plain Fountaine Water wherein he doth divers times quench certain Metallick substances which are wont to be taken inwardly when rightly prepared whose spirits being impressed into the foresaid Water do contribute thereunto the power of penetrating unto the Roots of the Disease and of truly resolving the Tartarous stony matters with the salts which are combined in the Joynts from whence such intollerable Pains do arise Peradventure this that follows it not unlike it nor a whit inferior in Virtue Take Vnslaked Lime four pound Slak it in River-water as much as you please and let it stand in a Wine Cellar three daies that the Salt may be better extracted out of the Chalk or Lime Afterward let them Boyl a little and strain the Liquor through an Hippocras Bag. In twenty pints of the strained Liquor quench seven or nine times first Plates of steel red hot then Plates of Copper red hot and thirdly to the quantity of ten ounces of Vitriol calcined till it be white fourthly Antimony melted in a Crucible to half a pound fifthly Litharge or Ceruse heated in a Crucible half a pound white Precipitate once washed and no more one ounce and an half Brassburnt and finely Poudered half an ounce After the quenching of these mineralls let the water stand still in a Wine Cellar the space of ten daies Afterward Boyl it a little and strain it through an Hippocras Bag. In this Water being hot doubled cloathes must de dipt and frequently applied to the Gouty Part. Among Fomentations easie to make that is commended which is made of Salt Ammoniack seven times sublimed and fitly dissolved in Wine or Water or of the Urin of a young man in good health Boyled till half be consumed and laid on with Raggs Solenander Writes in his 24. Counsel Section the 4. That a certain Gouty old man was wont to make himself this Medicine When the swelling and Pain was great and the place red he took Salt the Urin of a Boy and Vinegar In these being mingled together he Wet a Linnen cloath and squeesed it and laid it on this he did divers times and so the Pain was much abated As we said before that Anodine or Pain-quelling Oyls did little good in the Gout
another making alwaies choyce of such as a rational Method shall most approve of When the Gout becomes stony and knotty it is extreamly hard to cure especially if it be of long standing But new knobs may with Emollient and Resolving Foments Unguents and Plaisters be dissolved The most Specifick or Appropriate are these which follow Galen exceedingly commends a Plaister compounded of old strong Cheese made into a Plaister with the Decoction of a poudered Sows pestle or Leg. Others boyl poudered Sows Legs till they come to a slimy substance or Gelly Afterwards they mingle therewith two parts of old Cheese pouder of Water-cresses one part and so make a Plaister thereof Or Take Juyce of Tobacco three ounces yellow Wax two ounces Rozin of the Line-tree an ounce and an half Turpentine one ounce Oyl of Chamomel as much as shall suffice Make all into a soft Cerate or Plaister Or Take of those Eastern Berries which the French call Coques de Levant and Mirrh of each half a pound Pouder them and mix them together with strong Vinegar into the form of a Cataplasm Gum Ammoniacum dissolved in Vinegar doth powerfully soften Rulandus anoints those hard Swellings in the morning at noon and in the Evening with Oyl or Balsom of Sulphur hot and then he laies on a Plaister hot of Emplastrum Diasulphuris But this Plaister following is your rare Plaister because besides easing the pain it draws the gritty stnoy substance out of the Joynts likewise Take Roman Vitriol one pound Roch Allum half a pound Salt four ounces Calcine all these together in a Crucible or Earthen pot letting it to steem so long till the spirits shall begin to go away Which when you perceive by their smel to rise leave presently your calcining and let all cool and then pouder them Take of this Pouder and Barley Meal of each a like quantity mingle them with Wine Lees to the form of a Pultiss which spread upon a rag as thick as a knife and apply to the place affected When it is dried dissolve it again with Lees of Wine and apply it again until in the first place the pain be discussed and in the next place until all the stony substances be consumed out of the knobbed and knotted Joynts In the mean while it fals out often that the Skin will break which need not affright us for either afterwards the Vlcers close of their own accord or at least by laying Wax upon them in manner of a Plaister they are closed up the Joynts having regained their motion with activity Finally If the Gout be very exceeding old and perfectly knotted by the preceding Cure a mitigation of pain is to be hoped but the stony substances wil hardly give way therefore with a gentle Caustick the Skin is to be opened and then the stones are to be taken away with a drawing Plaister of Gums The Cure of the Gout when present is performed by the Remedies aforesaid But because this Disease is wont to return by fits especially in the Spring and Fall we must now shew the way to prevent the same Which Prevention ought to aim at the hindering of any Gouty Matter like to fall into the Joynts from gathering in the Body or if any be collected that it may be carried away And finally that the Joynts may not be so disposed to receive the Humor which flows unto them The collection of Matter will be hindred by an excellent Diet and by Medicines rectifying the distempers of the Bowels The Matter collected will be carried away by Evacuating Medicaments And the Joynts will not so easily receive if they be fortified with corroborating Medicaments As for the Matter of Diet although in this Case it be of very great yea greatest moment yet the Nature of this work will not give me leave to describe the same I shall only speak of the Patients Drink so as to say that Wine is extream hurtful to all Gouty Persons and many have recovered only by abstaining therefrom Yet if the Patient in regard of some other Infirmity cannot wholly abstain from Wine let him drink weak Wine or well allaied with Water Hollerius instead of Wine commends thin Metheglin viz. Of forty or forty eight Parts of Water to one of Honey Yet this suites not with such as abound with bitter-choller and those that are dry and thirsty This following Diet drink suits all Natures and hath done much good to very many persons Take Salsa parilla Roots two ounces Liquorish one ounce Cinnamon and Annise Seeds half an ounce Make all into a very sine Pouder Of this Pouder mix one spoonful with so much smal Beer or ale as the Patient is wont to drink at a Meal Brew them together out of one Pot into another three or four times Then strain the Liquor for the Patients ordinary drink Doing the like for every Meal And as for Evacuations Bleeding must be first practised especially in the spring and fall in such as abound with Blood and whose Blood is wont to work and ferment or be very hot But Purgation is not only to be used spring and fall but four times in a yeer yea and every month in every Cacochimical Body that is which abounds much with evil Humors To which purpose many forms of Purgations are handed to and fro of a special property for this Disease These that follow are the chief which are so to be used by the discreet Physitian as that he must make many changes both in respect of the materials and the Dose according to the various Constitutions of the Patients Take Senna clensed Turbith Hermodactiles and Pouder of a Mans Skull that hath never been in the Earth of each one dram Diagridium half a dram Make all into a Pouder of which give one dram at a time in Groundpine Water or in Broth. Or Take Salsa parilla one ounce Senna six drams Turbith Hermodactiles Jalap Mechoacan of each half an ounce Agarick Trochiscated two drams Diagridium and Cinnamon of each half a dram Make all into a Pouder Steep a dram thereof in white Wine all night in the Morning let the Patient drink Pouder and Wine Electuarium Caryocostinum is by Petrus Bagerus exceedingly commended and is approved by al Practitioners and it is described in the London Dispensatory in Folio 111. and in that of Bauderon It is given to half an ounce But in hot Constitutions it may do harm Rhasis Commends his Pils so far as to say that they can make such as are fain to Ride to go on Foot again Thus they are made Take Aloes of the best half an ounce Red Roses two scruples Hermodactiles white and purged from their outmost Skin or shel one dram and an half Diagridium one dram With Water of Ground-Pine and honey of Roses make all into a Mass of Pils the dose one dram These also are good which follow Take Aloes Hermodactiles of each half an ounce Groundpine or Chamepitys two drams Chamaedris or Germander Stcoehados of each
nay do very much harm which the common sort of Practitioners find by experience who being deluded with the likeness of a true Cararrh and wearied with the stubbornness of the Disease do flie to Sudorosicks by which the Disease is doubled and the Pains encreased But in the Declination after due Purgations no Feavers being present they may do much good and they may be made of a Decoction of China or Salsa-Parilla or sweat may be procured in a Laconick Bath with spirit of Wine or some appropriate Decoction After sufficient Evacuations yea rather while they are celebrated we must be careful to strengthen the whol body and the principal Parts thereof which Indication Galen in 1. of the Difference of Feavers Chap. 6. where he expounds the Nature of this Disease saies is to be preferred before all others in these words Justly therefore the aim of a Physitian in cureing these kind of Patients is not Evacuation but Roboration of the whol Body Which is not so to be understood as if no Evacuation were fit in these Cases for the same Galen begins the Cure of this Disease by Blood-let-ting but that we must make more and more often use of strengthened and less and seldomer use of Evacuations Yet sure enough it is that the Parts cannot be strengthened unless the superfluity of Excrements by which they are burthened be purged out Now these strengtheners we speak of must be of a cooling Virtue seeing as was said the over hot distemper of the Liver gives beginning to this Disease There is great plenty of such Medicaments in Authours Of these I shall propound four which I account most effectuall and least ingrateful to the Patient The first is the Tincture of Coralls two ounces of which the sick may take in a morning two houres before Meat every day on which no other Medicaments are administred But because the Tincture of Coralls cannot long be kept it is reduced into a Syrup for longer keeping with Sugar of which two spoonfulls may be taken in the morning but the Efficacy thereof is much less than of the simple Tincture The second is the Conserve of the fruit which grows upon the Rose-bâ—â—ar or the Eglantine Briar which is most pleasing to the taste cooles the Liver and by a gentle a â—riction corroborates the same The Patient may take thereof the Quantity of a Chestnut morning and evening The third is the Electuary of Triasantalon with a four-fold proportion of Rhubarb made into Lozenges two drams whereof the Patient may take every day and drink a little ordinary drink thereupon The fourth is A Tincture of Roses a Cup whereof the Patient must drink once twice thrice a day far form Meals It is thus made Take Red Rose Leaves dried one ounce Water Blood Warm three Pints spirit of Sulphur or Vitriol one dram and an half infuse them six hours To the stramed Liquor ad white Sugar half a pound keep it in a Glass for Vse The foresaid Remedies or some of them must be used in Course one after another least Nature be too much accustomed to one and so the less altered thereby When the Disease is Cured the Patient must be cautious for a time least new matter being collected a Relapse should happen The Prevention therefore hereof wil chiefely consist in a state or periodical Purgation to be iterated once or twice every month which may fitly be done by this Magisterial Syrup following which will do more good by altering and strengthening the Liver than by purging Take Juyces newly prest and cleared by settling out of Endive Cichory Egrimony Fumitory Hopps and Bugloss three pints Juyce of Apples that are Odoriferous as Permaines and Pipins two pints Senna six drams Epithimum two ounces Rhubarb elect and Agarick newly trochiscated of each one ounce Mace and Cloves of each half a dram Infuse and Boyl all according to Art till there remain fifteen ounces of the Liquor wherein dissolve of white Sugar the same Quantity and make a Syrap perfectly boyled Of with let the Patient take two ounces once or twice in a month with Chick or Veal Broth qualified with the Leaves of Borrage and Cetrach and Agrimony Allo spring and fal'twil be good to open a Vein Furthermore to temper the fervency of the Liver a Bath of Luke-warm Water will be good which must be frequently repeated the whol Summer through or for more Conveniency a Tub to sit in may suffice To the same intent Conserve of Bramble-Rose or Eglantine Rose-Berries will be good or an Electuary of the same virtue and Lozenges made of the Species Diatrion Santalon being frequently used Hereunto must be added a good Diet of Meats affording good Juyce and easily digested as Partridges Capons Chickens and Pullets especially broths and the Juyces of flesh pressed forth and such like all which must be taken in no great Quantity that they may be more easily digested The End of the Sixteenth Book THE SEVENTEENTH BOOK OF THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK Of FEAVERS The PREFACE WE find by many Authors great Volumns written touching the Theory and Cure of Feavers in which innumerable Controversies and difficult Disputations are handled Which as they are in the Schools very useful yea and necessary so are they tedious to most Physitians who having left the Vniversities do give themselves unto the Practice of Physick For they desire a short and cleer Explication of the Theory of Diseases which may suffice to declare their Nature Causes and Signs both Diagnostick and Prognostick with their right Method of Curing which is the only thing they regard It being my endeavor in this whol Work to satisfie their Desires I have banished all Controversies briefly expounding the decision of Questions only which seem most nicessary for a Practitioner This we have likewise done in our Doctrine of Feavers and letting pass all tedious Controversies which are continually handled in the Schools usque ad Nauseam we have declared only such things as principally regard Practice And this Book for better Methods sake I have distributed into three Sections following that General Division of Feavers into Simple Putrid and Pestilential So that the first Section of this Book shall treat of Simple Feavers The second of Putrid And the third of Pestilential SECT I. Of Simple Feavers The PREFACE THat which we call a Simple Feaver is subdivided into three sorts of which one is called Ephemera another Synochus simplex or Imputris and another Hectica And therefore we shall divide this Section into three Chapters The first of Febris Ephemera The second of Synochus simplex The third of Febris Hectica Wherein we shall declare their Nature and Cure Chap. 1. Of the Feaver Ephemera THis Feaver is commonly bred of external Causes and of vehement Motions of Body and Mind as Anger Cares Labor Pain Watching and Fasting by which the Spirits are inflamed also by Sleep and Sorrow by which the hot Humors and Vapors are kept within the Body Also by being
the fore-cited place That he cured the most of such as had this Feaver suddenly by letting them bleed til they fainted away which bleeding was attended by a loosness vomiting of Choller and plentiful Sweat Yet in these daies of ours that same large blood-letting is out of date which is not without danger seeing Galen himself relates in his Book of Curing by Phlebotomy Chap. 12. That it besel three Physitians while they were practising this large Blood-letting that instead of fainting away their Patients died out-right It is better therefore at several times to take away so much blood as the Nature of the Disease doth necessarily require Before Blood-letting if the Patient be Costive or the Guts abound with Crudities an Emollient and Laxative Clyster must be given As for the point of cold Water Galen orders it to be given in so great quantity that the Patient grow pale tremble and be cold all over and so he saies it extinguisheth the fiery heat it strengthens the solid parts and drives out unprofitable Humors by stool by urine and by sweat But he saies there must be many Cautions in the use thereof viz. That it be given in the Vigor of the Feaver the signs of Concoction appearing that the Patient have been used to drink cold Water in time of health have strong bowels and full of juyce a fleshy and wel-set Body have a constant and vigorous strength be not full of thick and clammy Humors have no tumor in any bowel nor stomach throat or sinews weak Otherwise if these conditions be wanting it is to be feared lest the Patient fall into shortness of breath Dropsie Trembling Convulsion Lethargy or some other grievous Disease This kind of Medicine is likewise grown out of date in our times seeing it is hard to observe all those conditions and so many dangers attend the undue use thereof For it is better to use other more safe Medicines which cool the whol Body and the Blood as Juleps and opening Emulsions Epithems Liniments and a Diet altogether cooling Juleps are made of the Decoction of Barley or Sorrel or Cichory or with Water of Cichory Endive Sorrel Lettice adding Syrup of Juyce of Cichory Lemmons Pomegranates Vinegar c. Whereunto also for the greater cooling and opening may be added some drops of Spirit of Vitriol or Sulphur If the distilled Waters seem too crude or raw let them boyl with a little Species Triasantalon or Diamargaritum frigidum Emulsions may be made after this manner Take sweet Almonds blanched and steeped in Rose Water one ounce the four greater cool Seeds and Seeds of white Poppy of each two drams Beat them in a Marble Mortar powring on by little and little a pint and an half of Barley Water In the strained Liquor dissolve Sugar of Roses three ounces Make an Emulsion of Almond Milk for three Doses Which will be convement and is to be preferred before Juleps if there be want of Rest Epithems to be laid upon the Region of the Heart and Liver may be thus made Take Water of Roses Bugloss and Lettice of each three ounces Vinegar of Roses one ounce Pouder of the Electuary Diamargaritum frigidum one dram and an half Camphire six grains Make an Epithem lay it upon the Region of the Heart Take Water of Endive Cichory Sorrel of each four ounces Vinegar of Roses an ounce and an half the three Sanders two drams and an half Make an Epithem for the Region of the Liver A cooling Oyntment may be anointed upon the Liver and Loyns of Vinegar of Roses Vnguentum Rosatum Vnguentum Refrigerans Galeni or Ceratum Santalinum washed in Vinegar tempered with Water If the Disease seem to lengthen after bleeding we must purge lest the wheyish and Chollerick Excrements putrefie and thereby a putrid Feaver arise But we must use such Medicines as purge without heating and agitation of Humors as Cassia Manna Syrup of Roses Tamarinds Catholicon and such like Ad hereunto a convenient Diet viz. Cooling moistening and thin of Broths made with cooling Herbs Prunes and sharp Apples boyled and Panadaes Let the Patients Drink be a Decoction of Barley Water boyled and Water with Bread boyled in it or mixed with Syrups of Maiden-hair or of Pomegranates Chap. 3. Of an Hectick Feaver AN Hectick Feaver occupies the solid Parts of the Body which constitute the Habit thereof and are commonly called Spermatical or fleshy in regard of which parts it is more fixed and rooted than other Feavers which are in the Spirits or Humors For which cause it is also termed Habitual because it is become Habitual and can hardly be removed from its subject There are many Divisions of this Feaver For first of all there is a Primary Hectick which begins of it self and another Secondary which follows other Feavers Secondly an Hectick Feaver is simple and solitary or joyned with a putrid Feaver Thirdly some Hecticks begin at the Heart others from other Parts as the Lungs Liver Spleen Kidneys Womb and other Parts inflamed ulcerated corrupted or possessed with some other grievous Disease And this Feaver though it have its habitual seat in the Heart and the whol Body yet is it commonly termed Symptomatical because of its first Original which it hath from other parts Galen makes three Degrees of an Hectick Feaver The first is the very beginning of an Hectick in which the Body is hardly extenuated yet the moist Humidity of the Body is inflamed consumes and dries The second comprehends the Augment and therein is an evident extenuation of the Body the fleshy and fat substance of the Body perishing The third contains the state of the Disease and its last age for it never comes to a declination because therein viz. in that degree it is incurable for then the fibrous and membranous substance of the Body is consumed and the whol Body is so extenuated that the Face of the Patient is like that described by Hippocrates nothing but skin and bone This last Degree is called Marasmus or rather Hectica Marasmodes because in a true Marasmus cold is joyned with dryness The Causes of an Hectick Feaver are divided into an Internal and External To the External are referred what ever Causes may occasion any of the other Feavers if the Action of Heating be continual and vehement or the Patients Body be apt to entertain this kind of Feaver Such are the heat of the Sun or of the Fire vehement Exercise Meats and Drinks that are heating immoderate Evacuations as in a Loosness and bloody-flux vehement passions of Mind and finally fasting in a Chollerick Body that is hot and dry of Constitution seeing Galen affirms that those Physitians that were wont to enjoyn their Patients to fast three daies together did bring Chollerick Constitutions by that means into burning and hectick Feavers The Internal Causes are burning and pestilential Feavers which do speedily consume the moisture of the Heart also a long slack Feaver Also some peculiar Disease of any of the bowels
which Cause Galen sent those that had consumptions of their Lungs to the Mount Tabias where the Air was more dry than ordinary The Meates of the Patient must be cooling and moistening and quickly nourishing as Chicken-Broaths and Broaths of Hens Capons Veal Kid Wether Mutton Yolks of Eggs with French Barley Lettice Purselane Endive Borrage Sorrel The flesh of Calves Kidds Piggs Pheasants Partriches Young Hares and such like Panadaes Barly Cream Water-Gruel Rice-Pottage with Sugar and a few Almonds or rather with the greater cooling Seeds Boyled Meats are fitter than Roasted which are sooner Inflamed and turned to Choller the boyled do more moisten But if the Patient be more delighted with Roast-Meats they must be very moderately Roasted and tempered afterwards with Juyce of Lemmons Citrons Orenges or of unripe Grapes without Salt Fishes may be eaten because they cool and moisten but such as are taken out of stony places are to be preferred and such as have a tender friable flesh haunting the Sea or Pure Waters Among fruits Apples are commended because they breed cold Blood also Pears are convenient Damask Prunes and French Prunes boiled in Sugar also Raisons clensed which being prepared after this following manner do nourish the body without heating Take Raisons of the Sun clensed one Pound Let them be tempered in endive bugloss and Rose-Water and very diligently washed that the Laxative power may be taken away Afterward let them be lightly boyled in the same Waters adding a little Sugar wherewith let them be preserved for use let the Patients take of them in the mornings and allwaies after Meat And because Persons that are Hectical have the Feaverish heat fixed in the solid Parts of their bodies by which the Nutriment is easily and suddainly consumed and disâ—ipated therefore Practitioners are wont to prescribe unto them Meats solid and of a clammy substance as the Feet of Living Creatures The flesh of Snails Crabbs Tortoises and of Froggs For seeing these sorts of flesh are moist and clammy they easily adhere unto such Parts of the body as want nourishments neither are they easily consumed by the Feaverish heat and so they hinder the drying up of the solid Parts of the body Yet some do reject these Meats because hard of digestion and troubleâ—om to the stomach But this difference is thus reconciled In the beginning of an Hectick while the digestive faculty is yet strong these thick and clammy nutriments are convenient but in a confirmed Hectick they are not to be given because hard to digest Add hereunto that they may be so prepared and qualified as that they may easily be digested as by being boyled to a gelly or giving only what is strained out of them being beaten into a mash Among other things the land Tortoises are mightily praised for an Hectick not only for a single Hectick but when Joyned with a Consumption and they are prepared divers waies For either they are boyled in Water till they are dissolved then casting away the shells the flesh is separated from the bones and boyled again with Cichory Sorrel Borrage French barley and prunes in a single Hectick but in an Hectick of the Lungs it is Boiled with Bramble Leaves Purslain and Plantan Let the Patient drink the broath and eat the Flesh twenty daies together Or the Juyce is pressed out of the Flesh being beaten Or little Loaves are made of the Flesh of the Tortoises boiled in Barley Water with sweet Almonds pine kernells the cooling Seeds and Sugar Which are lightly baked in an Oven and are given the Patient at Dinner and Supper They may be thus made Take of the Flesh of Land-Tortoise Boyled in Barly-Water four ounces sweet Almonds steeped in Rose-water six ounces Pine-Kernells so steeped two ounces of the four greater cool Seeds of each one ounce Annis Seed not Poudered but lightly baked in an Oven one dram and an half Cinnamon two drams Sugar dissolved in rose-Rose-Water to the Quantity of all the rest Make thereof little Morsells Instead of Tortorises the Flesh of a Capon is used and of a Partridg and March-Pane is made thereof good to restore Hectick Persons after this Manner Take Pulpe of a Capon and Boyled Partridg of each three ounces sweet Almonds steaped in Rose-Water four ounces Pine-Kernells one ounce and an half Seeds of white Poppy two drams Gum Arabickand Traganth of each one dram and an half Pearled Sugar Cakes two ounces with a little rose-Rose-Water make a March-pane and gild it with Gold To such as have weak stomachs Gellies broaths and Restorative stilled Waters are given A Gelly may be made after this Manner Take a choise Capon a Knuckle of Veal or a Wethers Thigh two Calves Feet or six Wethers Feet Boyl all in fountan Water till it be â—ufficiently wasted Strain and squeese out the Juyce and Broath and take off the Fat. In the strained Liquor dissolve a pound of white Sugar six whites of Eggs a little saffron or Cinnamon Stir them together let them Boyl lightly and strain them through an Hippocras bag twice or thrice At length put it into Porrengers or other Vessels in which it will become a Gelly If the tast of Saffron or Cinnamon be displeasing or you desire to have your Gelly more cooling add instead thereof the Juyce of a Lemmon or of one Citron Restorative Broths may be made divers waies this is far the best of all which follows Take a well fleshed Capon pull draw and cut him in pieces and take away the fat and skin add if you please some Veal or Weather Mutton cut into bits and freed from the Fat Put them into a stone Vessel well glazed in which about the middle there must be a grate of Wood or other materials on which the pieces aforesaid must be so laied that they may not come at the bottom Then cover the Pipkin with its cover and close it up well with paste and let it stand in boyling Balneo Mariae five hours There will drop into the bottom a cleer transparent Liquor of which three of four spoonfuls may be given in Broth or by it self three or four times in a day Such Distillations of Flesh by Descent are very convenient for Hectical Persons but those that are made by Ascent although they refresh the Spirits yet do they very little nourish neither do they restore the solid substance of the Body Let the Patients Drink be Barley Water either by it self or with Syrup of Vinegar or Pomegranates mingled therewith or Water in which a piece of Bread hath been boyled sweetened with a little Sugar But if the Patients Stomach be very weak weak Wine wel allaied with Water may be allowed which helps the concoction and distribution of Nourishment Galen Meth. 10. Chap. 5 6. gives cold Water with which he boasts he had saved many from the Marasmus Howbeit great Caution is to be used in the giving thereof for when the Body is very much pined away it is to be seared lest the smal
thick and clammy humors abound the Syrup of Vineger will be very profitable in stead of those last named Also somtimes Conserve of Roses Violets or Borrage is wont to be mingled with cleer Water boyled with Barley Water and to be strained through an Hippocras bag for ordinary drink unto which some drops of spirit of Vitriol may profitably be added Or a Tincture of Roses is made after this manner most delightful in colour and in tast Take Red Roses one ounce Bloodwarm Water three pints spirit of sulphur or Vitriol one dram and an half Let them stand infusing cold for three or four hours To the strainings add white Sugar four ounces rose-Rose-Water half a pint Make thereof a clear Julep for ordinary drink Also Julepus Alexandrinus is very good and extream pleasant It is thus made Take Fountain Water one pint Rosewater Juyce of Lemmons and white Sugar of each four ounces Boyl them over a light fire till you have taken away the Scum As for other things pertaining to Diet Sleep is extream good and watchings bad Yet over much Sleep doth overwhelm the natural heat and hinder the Evacuation of excrements Rest is necessary in acute Feavers but in long Feavers light and gentle exercise is good Also we must endeavor that nothing be retained which ought naturally to be expelled howbeit al immoderate Evacuations which exhaust the strength are to be stopped and al vehement Perturbations of mind must be turned out of Doors Among manual Operations Blood-letting holds the cheifest place for it doth not only diminish plenitude whether it be a simple fulness so as to stretch the Vessels or only a fulness with reference to the strength of the Patient whether it be in the whol body or in some Part but also revels the influx of Humors Causing obstructions cools the whol body and makes it perspicable keeps back putrefaction and furthers the concoction of putrefying Humors Presently therefore and at the beginning of the Disease blood must be drawn unless weakness hinder as in the Swooning Feaver and other like Cases and that after the Belly hath been loosened with a Clyster or a Suppository How much blood should be taken it gathered from the Patients strength from the greatness of the Pleâ—hora Custom of the Patient to bleed or not to bleed and other circumstances The Antients in the Synochus Putrida and the burning Feaver did let blood til the Patient fainted away But it is much more safe as we have said in the Cure of a simple Synochus to take away at several times so much as shall be sufficient then suddenly to put the Patient in danger of death Avicenna in a burning Feaver and in a continual Tertian doth forbid letting blood unless the Urine be thick and red For he fears lest Choller should be the more inflamed which he saith is bridled by Blood But the wiser Physitians do explode this Opinion of his seeing these kind of Feavers are often terminated even by Nature her self by bleeding at the Nose and they do somtimes cause Frenzies and other Inflamations and finally because Blood-letting doth potently refrigerate doth rather stop than further the Ebulition or boyling and working of the Blood and Choller comes away as wel as Blood when a Vein is opened so that in that Mass of Blood which is in the greater Veins remaining there is the same proportion of blood to Choller which there was before Nay verily when a Vein is opened if the sick party be any thing lusty and the blood flow amain only the putrid Blood which is offensive to Nature is voided the purer remaining in the Veins which few Authors have taken notice of although it be in the course of Practice every where observable For if the Blood flow out of the Vein drop by drop it is the purest Blood because it comes out of the Vein by its own proper motion But if it spring out with a forceable stream it appears foul and corrupted Nature expelling the worser part of the Mass of Blood Howbeit Blood is more sparingly to be taken from such as are of a very Chollerick Constitution in the middle of Summers Heat and the Dog-Daies than in other Natures and times But in Flegmatick and Melanchollick Feavers Blood must be taken away in lesser quantity and evermore great regard is to be had to Coindicants and Contraindicants forasmuch as Quotidian Feavers do for the most part happen unto Children or old Persons in cold Countries and cold Seasons of the yeer which considerations do lessen the Quantity of Blood which otherwise the Disease or its Cause require should be taken away When the Feaver is caused by over much labor blood must be taken away more sparingly If a Feaver happen by over great use of Carnal Embracements Blood-letting is pernicious Concerning the time of Blood-letting it is to be noted That a Vein must not be opened presently after the Patient hath eaten but after Digestion is past and after the Patient hath been at stool Again Blood is to be let when the Feaver is most remiss and not in the vigor thereof for then Nature is not able to bear both the violence of the Disease and the loss of Blood As for the repletion of Blood-letting if the same be necessary to cause Evacuation it must be repeated the same day if for Revulsions sake on another day For where Evacuation is necessary especially in acute Diseases the Body must be suddenly changed into another condition also it often happens that a Disease is quickly past its first time or beginning so that afterward we cannot so conveniently open a Vein But in Revulsion we have respect to the motion of the Humors which is then best ordered when it is done at divers times some space being interposed whereby Nature becomes accustomed to a contrary motion For in the space between Bleedings the Blood which was shed into the parts regurgitates into the Veins and by another Blood-letting is profitably drawn forth We understand that Blood-letting must be iterated if that blood which was first drawn forth were very much corrupted and there is reason to think that there is yet a great quantity thereof abiding in the Veins Yea verily Although the Blood at first seem pure and uncorrupted yet must we not desist from taking the same away but continue so doing until it appear more impure and corrupted And truly that Precept delivered by Hippocrates in his 4. de Victus Rat. in Morbis acutis in the Cure of a Pleutisie may very profitably be observed in acute Feavers viz. That Blood-lettings be so long continued til the blood change color so that if at first corrupt blood come away we must let it run till it appear more pure and on the other side if at the first the blood appear laudable we must suffer to flow til that which is impure and corrupted be come away Yet is there some diversity to be observed in both Cases For if at first good
frequently be given which do accustom Nature to expel the hurtful Humors into the Guts and do by little and little bring away some of the morbifick matter contained in the Meseraick Veins The Disease continuing as for the most part it is long and lasting we must somtimes rest and abstain from Physick a month or thereabouts that Nature in the mean time may gather strength be wearied with continual use of Medicaments and may set her self to concoct the morbifick matter And afterward we must return to our Preparatives and Purgatives Howbeit in a long Ague we must not alwaies use the same Medicaments lest Nature be over much used thereunto and the Patient become weary of them Also because from more gentle Aperitives and Purgatives we must pass on to such as are stronger Various sorts of Purgatives have been already propounded And these following Aperitives besides the Apozems aforesaid and the Juleps may be used in the progress of the Disease when the Signs of Digestion begin to appear Take White Wine three pints Enula Campane Roots three ounces Bark of Capar Roots half an ounce Tops of common Wormwood dried one ounce Infuse them three daies in Balneo Mariae Reep all together without straining and give of this Wine to the Patient two or three ounces in the morning two hours before meat And these following Pils may be used either alone or with the said Wine Take Roots of Gentian two drams round Birthwort Roots one dram and an half Mugwort one dram Briony dried three drams Mirrh and Saffron of each one dram Asarum Roots two drams Aloes one ounce With Oxymel of Squils make all into a Mass of Pill-stuf Let a dram be given every day by themselves or a little before the taking of the Wine aforesaid To these Pils Steel prepared may profitably be added if the Patient be able to walk after the taking of them For the use of Steel in all Chronick Feavers is very profitable because it potently opens Contumacious Obstructions which are wont to foster those Diseases Or to open and strengthen at once the following Electuary may profitably be prescribed Take Conserve of Elecampane Roots Conserve of Wormwood and Maiden-hair of each one ounce Preserved Citron Peels half an ounce Confectio Alkermes three drams Preserved Myrobalans two Pouder of Diarrhodon Abbatis two drams Salt of Wormwood and Tamarisk of each one dram Saffron two scruples With Syrup of preserved Citrons make all into an Opiate of which let the Patient take the quantity of a Chestnut every morning two hours before meat Or if in the morning the Patient take some other Medicine then may the Electuary be taken two hours before Supper To the same intent is commended as a most excellent Remedy the Extract of Germander mixt with Salt of Tamarisk made into Pils Add hereunto Discussers and Diaphoreticks which are very useful to discuss the reliques of the declining Disease when signs of Concoction appear For they do not only discuss the said reliques but they do likewise correct that distemper which is bred by so long a Disease and amend the ill habit of the Body and strengthen the Stomach Liver and other Bowels weakened by the length of the Disease Among these Medicaments Venice Treacle challengeth the first place being by older and later Physitians commended to this Use It is given one hour before the fit one dram in weight with Wine or in a Decoction of Germander Or if its heat be feared it may be given with a Decoction of Agrimony or with the Juyce or Water of Plantane This Medicine must be repeated before divers Fits one after another It may also be given in the mornings for some daies together on the well-daies But a little before the fit it operates happily because it hinders the encrease of cold and doth more commodiously discuss the Humor which is cause of the fit now beginning to work in the Veins and by this means it diminisheth the fit and if the morbifick matter be little takes it quite away Here notwithstanding great Caution is to be used lest Treacle or other such hot Medicines should be given when the Humors are yet crude for they dissolve the putrid Humors from whence ariseth a confusion in the Body and an encrease of the Ague Fits so that a single Quartan comes to degenerate into a Double and Triple yea into a Continual Feaver As it happened to Eudemus the Peripatetick as Galen relates in Lib. de Praecog ad Posth Cap. 2. 3. in whom was a single Quartan the Physitians of Rome having given him Treacle unseasonably was changed into a Triple Howbeit afterwards when the Signs of Concoction appeared Galen gave him of the same Treacle and cured him Among other Diaphoreticks some commend the Roots of China and Salsa parilla whos 's first and second Decoction being given twenty daies together doth somtimes cure contumacious Quartans But they work more effectually if with the Primary Decoction Purgatives be mingled Other Remedies are also given before the Fit which are accounted specifical and appropriate to this Ague and being given towards the declination they do very often keep back the fits and cure the Quartan The chief of this sort are these which follow Take Green Leaves of Plantane one handful Green Sorrel half a handful Vinegar and Treacle of each three ounces Distil them and let the Patient take of the distilled Liquor three ounces half an hour before the fit Or Take Sugar-candy three drams Ginger two drams Camphire one dram Make all into a Pouder Give one dram in warm Water Ten Grains of Saffron in pouder given with white Wine before the fit doth much weaken the same Seed of wild Rue given before the Fit in white Wine cures Heurnius assures us that with the following Troches many have been cured even in the Winter with once taking Take Seeds of Rue Parsley Mirrh and new Andromachus Treacle of each one dram Opium half a scruple Make all up into little Cakes or Troches And let the Patient take one of those Cakes in Water before the fit Narcoticks do indeed much abate the fits but unless the greatest part of the morbifick Humor have been before abated and the Obstructions much lessened they may do hurt because they may retain the vitious Humors in the Body and breed Obstructions and other worse Diseases But given in a smal quantity and mingled with things which open and cut as in these Troches they can do less hurt Also to restrain the Fit gentle Purgers are profitably given an hour before it comes which do revel the Humors more by soliciting and provoking Nature than by their purging To which intent such as these which follow are prescribed Take Senna Polipody of the Oak Time Epithimum of each one dram Borrage flowers a pugil Make a Decoction to three ounces Give it an hour before the Fit Or Take Senna three drams Turbith one dram Cinnamon half a dram Saffron and Ginger of each ten grains Sugar
no where else that the venemous matter may be drawn from the Heart to the most distant parts but that they are not good to be fastened to the shoulder blades or the Back because they draw hurtful humors from other parts towards the Heart Others are of a contrary opinion that Cupping-glasses are best to be applied to the shoulders and back viz. that poisonsom humors and vapors may be drawn from the Centre to the Circumference which motion is most suitable to the motion of nature in this disease But I am of opinion that Cupping glasses should be fastened to each and every of the places aforesaid and that is is good to set them first upon the lower parts that som portion of malignity may be drawn back unto the more remote parts But because the Glasses fixed in those parts cannot sufficiently draw back the venemous homors and vapors from the heart and its neighboring parts it is good to fasten them likewise to such parts as are neer the heart viz. To the shoulders and back For by this means the motion of nature is very much furthered seeing that experience doth teach that the eruption of the spots is commonly in those parts which by frequent fixing of cups is much furthered Which Mercatus hath most elegantly delivered in these words Howbeit in the mean time while the Body is plied with other medicaments small cupping-glasses must either many at once or a few frequently be applyed And if the venom of the disease or the weakness of the Patient be much they may be fixed without any or with very little scarrification In which kind of use and upon that occasion it is the best course to scarrify those which are set upon the Back over against the heart which experience hath taught to be of such moment that Anxieties Inequalitie of the Pulse and other grevious accidents have thereupon ceased Wherefore we must not cease applying of them until the venemous accidents are mitigated or wholly taken away But the Reason urged by those of the former opinion is of small moment for the fear lest ill humors should be drawn from other parts unto the Heart For this reason might peraduenter be of som force if they should be used at the beginning of the disease the whol body being ful of humors But after an universal evacuation sufficiently procured by blood-leting they can cause no such danger which is made manifest by a clear example drawn from a pleurisie in whose beginning if the pained side should be cupt doubtless it would bring the Humors more and more to the greived part But when after often blood letting a cupping-glass is fixed upon the pained side it doth not only draw nothing from other parts to the place affected but that humor which is fixed and wedged into the part is thereby powerfully drawn out so that ofttimes the disease is thereby perfectly cured Although in this disease there is more danger of drawing Humors to the part affected because it is in a manner externall and neer the Cupping-glass Zacutus Lusitanus in Observ 13. Lib 5. Praxeos admirandoe doth very much commend cups with scarrification fastened neer the groins and armpits for by such cuppingglasses so fixed the vitious humor is drawn to the ignoble parts and to those common Emunctories unto which nature is wont to expel the same Among revulsive remedies Frictions may very will be reckoned being often exercised upon the extream parts of the Body with a cours cloth But that Friction is most commended which is made upon the whol Body with the Liniment of Aetius which is thus compounded Take of sweet Almonds and fountain water of each three ounces Sal nitre two drams Boil them together til the water be consumed and with this Oyl warmed let the patients body be rubbed al over with the hands being dipped therein Aetius doth prescribe Oyl of Savin but because it is too hot Oyl of sweet Almonds was by Baptista Montanus fitly substituted in its place This oyntment doth open the pores of the Skin that nature may more fitly expel the venemous vapors thereby Vesicatories do likewise powerfully draw out evil and venemous juyces and serve for revulsion being applied in divers parts of the body Commonly they are applyed to the hinder part of the neck for they do both draw out the matter and drive it from the head and serve well to cure such sleepie symptoms as are usual in these diseases But where great malignity doth posses the whol Body and grevious symptoms afflict the patients one vesicatory will not suffice but more must be laid on I am wont when the disease is very violent to lay them on in five places viz. The Neck both the Arms on the inside between the bending of the Arm and the Shoulder and to both the Thighs in the space between the Groyn and the Knee with happy success The great profit of this Remedy we may learn from Galen who in Lib 5. Method Cap. 12. relates that of pestilential Feaver al recovered who happened to have exulcerations in divers parts of their Bodyes because the morbifick matter was evacuated by those ulcers And because the use of these Vesicatories do often caus the Strangury for the Cantharides do by a peculiar propertie affect the Bladder it wil be good when they are applied to give the Patient emulsion that may temper the acrimony of the urine This symptome may likewise be prevented by mingling the poudered Seeds of Ameos with the vesicant plaister which seeds have the faculty to keep the Cantharides from hurting the bladder Amongst Revulsive Medicines may likewise be mustered the Cataplasm of Radishes commended by Crato The Radish saies he because it powerfully drawes the malignity of matter it is good to apply the gross pouder or scrapings thereof to the feet having first clensed them with salt and vineger And the following Cataplasm may be better for the same purpose Take scrapings of a radish and the two Briony Roots of each two ounces seeds of Garden Cresses one ounce Grains of Paradise half an ounce Sea Salt three drams Mix al and sprinkle them with the strongest Vineger and make them up into a body with a sufficient quantity of soft sope til it become like a Cataplasm apply it warm with tow to the soles of the feet when the patient is disposed to sleep To this Cataplasm may profitably be added leaves of Rue Nettle Sage Scordium Pidgeons dung juice of Rue and Vinegar A Cataplasm of Snails beaten hath the like Efficacy and powerfully drawes unto the nether parts hurtful humors and vapors as Galen highly commends the same for powerfully attracting and disscussing the waters of Hydropic Persons These revulsory Remedies have place during the whol Course of the disease after universal evacuations viz. Phlebotomy and Purgation of the use whereof we are now to speak that so we may pass from Chyrurgery to Pharmaceutick Remedies Now it is much controverted among Practitioners whether
for fear of augmenting the Heat of the Feaver for we must alwaies regard that which is most pressing and when the patient hath a little recovered strength if the hot cordials have made some increase of Heat it may afterward be tempered by potent coolers as Sal Prunella and Spirit of vitriol mixed in juleps and ordinary Drink This Method being observed by the discreet Physitian in his administration both of Strengtheners and of hot Antidotes and sweaters wil prove happily Successful After these things must follow the Application of Epithems and Liveing Creatures to the Region of the Heart fomentation of the Genitalls with Confectio Alkermes dissolved in Wine Bags to be laied upon the stomach and other both internal and external Medicaments largly by me described in my Chapter of Weaknes or Decay of strength As for Epithems there is Caution to be used in their application Because very many Authors do wholly reject the use of them because they are wont to be compounded of refrigerating and repelling things viz. of the waters of cooling herbs and Vinegar by which the venemous quality is beaten back to the heart and the transpiration thereof which ought alwaies to be promoted is hindered But this reason cannot hinder the use of Epithemes seeing we may compound them of cordial and diaphoretick waters that have repelling no or astringent quality in them and without Vinegar which some do yet allow adding cordials thereunto and by these things mingled together Epithems may be made not only which strengthen the heart but also open the pores of the skin that through them the malignant vapors may more easily transpire Of such Epithems this may be an example Take waters of scabious and Carduus of each four ounces Oreng-flower water two ounces Con'fectio Alkermes two drams Powder of Diamargaritum frigidum one dram Saffron and Camphire of each six grains Make an Epitheme and applie it warm to the Region of the Heart frequenly Take Confectio Alkermes half an ounce Powder of Triasantalon and Diamargaritum frigidum of each one dram and half a little Orengflower water Make of al a Liniment to be applied to the part after aforesaid the use of the foresaid Epitheme Neither must we here omit such Epithemes as are to be applied to the parts under the short ribbs because of the reasons of their use propounded in the Cure of putrid Feavers from whence the Materialls must also be fetcht At length whenas the malignant and venemous quality is mastered by the Remedies aforefaid and the Feaver abated and the Disease begins to decline and the signs of Coction do manifestly appear pargation must be used which by the experienced Physitian may be accomodated to the strength and constitution of the Patient I shal here for the sake of Beginners propound only one example Take Senna half an ounce Annis seed one dram Leaves of Scabious and Scordium of each half an handful Liquoris three drains Boil al to three ounces In the strained Liquor dissolve the infusion of four scruples of Rhubarb Made in bugloss water with yellow Sanders Manna and Syrup of Roses of each one ounce Make all into a Potion And for the most part one purge is not sufficient in the declination of the disease when the Patient begins to recover health but purgation must oftentimes be repeated twice or three times at convenient distances that the evil humors may be perfectly rooted out Otherwise there wil be danger of a Relapse or at least the Patient wil be long in Recovering prsecte health Because though nature be strâ—ng enough to master the reliques of the Morbisick matter yet can she not do it but in a long time and in the mean space the body is long in recovering its former strength For the perfect Compleating of this Cure it remaines onely that we speak something of the Correction of such symptomes as happen in this disease Now their cure is very near the same which hath bin propounded in the second section of this Treatise Chap. 2. where we delivered the Cure of such symptomes as attend putrid Feavers And the symptoms of this Feaver are the same in a manner with those of putrid Feavers the difference being only in degrees of more or less and therefore the same Remedies wil sute with both Howbeit I shal here set down such things as have bin frequently tried in the taming of such symptomes as attend malignant and Pestilential Feavers and which have proved most successful And wee shal withal declare the Cure of such diseases as do Supervene upon these Feavers And first of al In Paines of the Head Want of sleep and Raving at the beginning Revellers of al sorts must be used as opening of the inferior veins and of the Haemorrhoids emollient Clysters frictions of the nether parts Cupping-glasses first set upon the Calves of the Legs afterwards upon the Back and shoulders both dry and with scarification and Vesicatories which in a simple Delirium or Dotage arising from a Chollerick matter must be applied to the Armes and thighes But if with the Raving there be joyned a dullnes and sleepvnes a Vesicatory must be applied also to the Neck and then Repellers must be applied unto the Forehead and Oxyrrhodines of which it is to be noted that they are not so good in malignant as in meer putrid Feavers because the venemous vapors must by al meanes be expelled and at no hand be kept within the body And therefore first gentle repellers must be applied and if the vehemence of the foresaid symptomes shal compel us to fly to the stronger we must not use them long together Among Repellers of the gentler sort is reckoned that common frontal of the flowers of water Lilly Violets and Roses the greater cool seeds and Chermes berries bedewed with the Vapour of vineger And if that wil not suffice let this following be laid on Take Unguentum populeum one ounce Conserve of Roses and violets of each half an ounce Oyl of Roses six ounces Vinegar of Roses two drams Mix them all and receive them in tow and put them between two cloaths and apply them to the forehead Mean while the Emulsions of the four greater cool seeds may be used from which cool and gentle vapors are wont to be carried unto the Brain which are wont to mitigate the foresaid symptomes Which if they suffice not narcoticks may be added which do wonderfully hinder the ascent of sharp and malignant Vapors unto the brain and procure sleep Yet they must be given in a smal quantity as half an ounce of Syrup of poppies or if necessity compel two graines of Laudanum opiatum with conserve of roses may wel be given or they may be dissolved in some Julep or in stead there of new Treacle may be given to the Quantity of half a dram Howbeit these narcoticks are seldom to be given and in smal Quantity because they Concentre the poyson howbeit they are by some accounted sudorosicks After repellers have
the air or the weight of the Cloathes may not augment the heat of the Feaver The foresaid coverings are wont commonly to be made of red cloaths because they are thought by som Analogy to move the boiling blood to the externall parts Many are also wont to keep an Ewe or Wether in the chamber or on the bed because those Creatures are easily infected and draw the venom to themselves by which meanes som Ease may happen to the sick persons A decoction of Barly or of the roots of Sorrel or of Harts horn is profitably used for drink in the beginning of the disease especially and when the Feaver is vehement But if the Feaver be not very violent a decoction of Barly and Figs wil be very profitable viz. Effectually driving the Humors to the Skin and Forestus and Amatus did continually use the same with good success Furthermore Whereas in the whol Course of the Disease Sleep ought to be moderate yet in the Augment when the Pocks break forth long Sleep is hurtful and it is better to watch more than ordinary That therefore the aforesaid Jndications may be fulfilled the Cure must be begun by Blood-letting if Blood in any sort is redundant and the Age of the Patient is like to bear it and a Vein must be opened as soon as may be But if the Physitian shall not be called the first day yet he shal do well to take blood before the breaking forth of the Pocks or while but few are come out which time is wont commonly to last until the fourth day from the first onset of the Feaver In which Case notwithstanding diligent heed is to be taken For if upon the breaking forth of the Pocks the Feaver and its Symptoms be abated it is better to leave the business to Nature working well which will sufficiently expel the whol Morbifick Matter to the Skin Also Blood-leting is not in this case necessary since experience shews that an infinite company of children haveing gentle Pox and not Plethorick are happily cured without bleeding Nay rather in the former case somtimes blood-letting may do hurt because the expulsion of the smal Pox is caused by an ebullition of blood which ebullition if it be small it will by blood-letting be lessened very much and so it will becom insufficient perfectly to purge the mass of Blood from it's impurities Contrarywise if upon the Eruption of the Pox the Feaver becomes more strong there be anxiety difficult breathing an urin thick and red and other symptoms seem greater it's a sign that naure is opprest with the over great burthen of humors and that she cannot govern them conveniently and that therefore Phlebotomy is necessary that a part of the burthen being taken away nature may be the better able to expel the rest In one word when there is an Ebullition perfective meerly and depuratiue blood is not to be taken away but in a corruptive blood-letting is extreamly necessary yea even in that which hath less malignity in it whose degrees have been specefied before And so necessary is blood-letting in dangerous Pox in which the corruptive Ebullition is wont to happen that the tender age of infants must not hinder it For it is grown into a custom to let children blood when they are four years old and somtimes when they are three The physitians of Paris in their tender age and while they suck do let children blood Which yet the tender age of infants doth hardly admit with that light nourishment of milk and the plentifull efflux of their humors by transpiration neither can this new licence of letting such yong ones blood be justified by any countenance from the wise Authors â—f Physick In prety big children many times once blood-letting wil not serve the turn but it must be repeated if the Feaver remain intense or if Raving or any other grevious Symptome do urge Yea verily when the Pox are perfectly come out which for the most part is within nine daies if the Feaver be very urgent blood must be again let and the Patients ordered as those who have a putrid Feaver If blood-letting be suspected because of the tendernes of the Childrens Age or because the fitting season is now past the superfluous blood may be diminished by Cupping-Glasses with Scarification applied to the back shoulders and things which may also wel be used in the state of the disease seeing the Motion of Nature from the Centre to the Circumference is by them promoted But care must be taken that in young Children the Scarifications be not too deep for it happens somtimes that an unadvised Surgeon cutts so deep as to cut asunder some Veins and let out the fervent and boiling blood so that there is great trouble to stop the same Purgation is suspected in this disease for it makes a motion contrary to that of Nature viz. from the Circumference to the Centre and to whomsoever having Pocks a loosness happens the Pocks commonly strik in and the Partie dies as I said in the Prognostick Yet observe that many times purgation is to good purpose practised before the pocks come out and before the Feaver growes vehement viz. when the Children are in the Neutral state of Decidence For then if il humors abound they are profitably diminished by purging that Nature may afterward more Cheerfully set upon the Expulsion of the Remainder But when the Pox begins to appear Purging wil be pernicious And likewise if there be great malignity abroad as in an epidemical Constitution when very many Children dy of that disease it is better wholly to abstain from Purging because in diseases which are very malignant and Pestilential Purgation in the beginning of the Disease is very hurtful Now the Purgatives must be compounded of gentle Simples viz. Rhubarb Cassia Manna Tamarinds and Syrup of Roses In the Course of the disease if the belly be hard and bound it may gently be removed but not provoked and that by a suppository of honey alone without salt or with a Clister of Breath or milk or a decoction of French barley Raisons and Liquoris with sugar and yolkes of Eggs. After blood-letting and other evacuations if necessary the expulsion of the pox must be helped forward not only with specifick medicines driving the humors to the Skin but also with diaphoreticks and Alexipharmicks especially if the Pox be Epidemical and being very malignant do threaten great danger There is a vulgar Medicine commended by Rhasis Avicenna and al the Arabian Physitians to drive out the Pox which also the greatest part of our later Physitians use according to the description of Avicenna which is thus Take Fat figgs seven ounces Lentills shaled three drams Lack two drams and an half Gum traganth and fennel seed of each two drams Boil al in a pint and half of fountain water to the third part Let the patient drink thereof Rhasis adds Saffron fifteen grains Raisons five drams because Saffron opens and corroborates and the Raisons
a wet spunge Secondly A special care is to be had of Diet for as Hippocrates saith in his Book of Humane Nature Diseases are partly from Diet and partly from the Air wherein we breath Therefore let the Diet be of good Juyce easie concoction neither cold nor over nourishing Therefore Mutton Kid Veal are to be used and which are better young Pidgeons Chickens Capons Hens Partridges Black-birds Thrushes and all kind of Mountain Fowl and Yolks of new laid Egs roast Meats are better than boyled Take heed of hard flesh and of hard concoction as Beef Pork Venison Hares Geese Ducks and Sea Fowl as also of the Heads Entrals and Appurtinances of Beasts Eat Fish but seldom and make choyce of those which have solid Flesh coming out of swift Rivers and stony places boyl them in Wine adding Vinegar Butter and Spice which Sawce is to be allowed with other meat unless the Liver be over hot of which principally use Nutmeg Cloves Cinnamon never or seldom eat cold and moist Herbs as Lettice Purslain Spinage but in Summer time we can allow a moderate use of Herbs which are gently cooling and drying for the strengthening of the Body and fixing the Blood that it may not evaporate as Endive Succory Sorrel but they must be taken boyled not raw Roots of Parsly Carrots Parsnips Mints Hysop Water-cresses are very good But you must avoid all things that easily disturb the Head and fill it with vapors and they are of two sorts Either they are such as discuss and melt the Humors with their sharpness as Onions Garlick Mustard Rocker Rhadishes or such as fill the Head with gross vapors as Milk and all Milk meats All manner of Pulse as Beans Pease c. of which the red Pease are the least hurtful by reason of their opening and abstersive nature therefore the broth of them is allowed You must avoid all green raw Fruit which are not lasting especially and those which are very moist dryed Fruits may be used at second or last courses as Raisons Almonds Pine-nuts Dates and the like but you must use them sparingly for they are for the most part hard of concoction Pears boyled and Sugared Citron Rinds Candied Lemmon and Orange Pills Candied may be eaten at the last course but it is much better to take one spoonful of digestive Pouder after meat whose Aromatical sweet vapor ascending with the vapor of what is eaten doth strengthen and dry the Brain It is made of Coriander Fruit Annis seeds Cinnamon Nutmeg with a double quantity of Sugar of Roses Let your Bread be of the best Wheat wel baked and leavened and made with Salt and Annis seeds in a great distemper Bisket is best Let your drink be thin wine of smal strength which wil not fill the Head with many vapors wel mixed with Water and also it is profitable one hour before meat to mix wine and water that the vapors may be allayed and to boyl a little Coriander seed in the water that it may better strengthen both Stomach and Brain in stronger Diseases use Hydromel or Water and Honey This is a good Rule in all Diet To eat moderately and to let the Supper be less and lighter than the Dinner Sobriety as in all Diseases so especially in Head-Diseases is of great concernment for the Head by much food is filled with Humors and Vapors and contrarily by little and slender Diet it is emptied of them Thirdly You must use moderate Exercise and every day continue it for too much rest weakens the Natural heat and makes it so dull that it cannot well concoct and fills the Body full of Excrements On the other side Motion and Exercise stir up the Natural heat help Concoction expel Excrements and cheereth the Spirits and purifieth them but you must exercise before meat and after meat rest for an hour or two or at least move very easily Fourthly Use a mean in sleep and waking for as with moderate sleep the strength is repaired so with too long the Body is made cold burdened with excrements especially the Brain but too much watching makes the Body thin spends the Spirits and feeds upon the sound parts of the Body Let not therefore sleep be too long but according to custom commonly seven hours are allowed but more or less may be taken according as age and custom shall require if you offend in either extream it is better to offend in too much waking than in too much sleep You must not sleep straight after meat but two hours after at least having taken a gentle walk You must sleep with your head high and upon one side lying on the back is not allowed Fifthly Al the Excrements of the Body are to be evacuated in their season of the Brain especially therefore every morning hawk from the Pallat blow the Nose comb and rub the Head with a course cloth or spunge which will fetch the superfluities of the Brain through the sutures or seams of the Skull The Belly must be kept open and if it will not otherwise use a Suppository or a Clyster or some gentle Lenitive at the Mouth For the Excrements are not only taken away by so doing but also by degrees somthing is fetcht from the Brain or at least somthing is reteined and derived thereby from the Head which was or would have been sent thither as to the weakest part Lastly You must have special care of the Passions of the Mind from which our bodies are many times wonderfully altered and disturbed especially of Anger and Sorrow Sorrow diminisheth the Natural heat wounds the Spirits whence comes smal concoction and many Excrements Anger makes a great boyling of the Blood and motion of the Spirits by which the Humors are diffused and dissolved and then if there be any Excrements in the Brain presently they are sent to the weak and infirm parts from whence arise many dangerous Diseases The other two Means for Cure namely Chyrurgery and Physick may be used as followeth In almost all Diseases which come of the Humors we use to make a general Evacuation by Blood-letting and Purging Blood-letting is not agreeable with Flegmatick Diseases but if in other parts of the Body Blood do abound the Liver be inflamed and the age of the Patient be flourishing and consistent with it we may then let blood for so will the ascention of vapors into the head be hindred and superfluous Nourishment taken away that Nature afterwards may more easily concoct what is raw and waterish in the blood and then purging Medicines may be given more safe But if Plethora or two great repletion do not Constrain it is better before blood-letting to give a purge for Flegm by way of Potion Bolus Pills or Pouder The Forms whereof are as followeth Take of Senna half an ounce Annis seeds and Cloves of each half a dram Leaves of Mints and Bettony of each half a handful of the tops of Time half a pugil Boyl them to a quarter of a
of three fingers and when Galen understood that he fel from his Chariot upon his back he concluded that some part was hurt in the original of that nerve which comes from the seventh Vertebrae or Spondil therefore after he had in vain applied Medicines to the fingers he used means to the back and so wrought a brave Cure The Diagnosis or knowledg of the Causes of this Disease if fetcht from the primary Causes the Diseases afore going and the temperament and constitution of the sick party And therefore when external cold Causes and moist went before when the patient is old when he is flegmatick of Constitution the weather cold diet cold and moist and an Apoplexy hath formerly been it signifies that a disease is approaching from a Cold Distemper and Flegmatick Humor But when a Palsey is caused of a Chollerick Humor or Melancholly these signs declare Feavers did go before or are present a Chollerick temper and Constitution or else a Melancholly one the coming of the disease in hot weather Summer or Autumn the use of Spices Salt and other hot Meats heavy and long passions of Mind avoiding of chollerick or melanchollick humors sharp and sowr many sharp defluxions falling upon divers parts and putting them to pain and lastly when pain and a convulsion accompany the diminishing of Sence and Motion and the patient is the worse when he takes hot and dry things but the better by the use of cold and moist When Tumors Luxations or Dislocations or Wounds cause a Palsey they are evident of themselves As for the Prognostick part in the Treaty of this Disease you may foretel events as followeth 1 A Palsey coming of flegm fixed to the substance of the nerves is hardly cured because it wil not be easie to discuss or divide the Flegm from the nerves by reason of their coldness and their weakness in expulsion or sending forth of that which offendeth which must co-operate or work together with the Medicine and in regard of the deep scituation of the Spina and Nerves so as the whol force of the Medicine cannot reach them and because the Patient must of necessity continue long in the use of Medicines which for the most part people cannot endure and therefore wil not be cured 2 A Palsey coming after an Apoplexy is seldom cured and often returns into an Apoplexy by a new flowing of the same matter into the Brain which is made weak by the former disease 3 A trembling coming upon or after a Palsey is healthful for it signifieth that the passages of the nerves are somwhat open by which some of the Animal Spirit beginneth to pass for to move the Muscles 4 If the part affected hath an actual heat in it there is hope of health but if it be alwaies actually cold it is difficult to be cured 5 An Atrophy or want of Nourishment in the Paralytick part with great paleness takes away al hope of cure for it doth not only signifie a decay of the animal Spirit but a neer extinction of the shews natural heat 6 If the Eye on that side which the Palsey happeneth be hurt thereby there is little hope for it a great want of Spirits in that part 7 A Palsey in the Legs and Feet is easier cured than in the upper parts because those Nerves are harder and stronger 8 In old men the Palsey is incurable by reason of their want of natural heat 9 In Winter a Palsey cannot be cured but in the Spring and Summer it may if other things agree 10 A strong Feaver coming upon a Palsey is good for it may consume the matter which causeth it 11 A Diarrhoea or loosness coming upon a new and weak Palsey is good for Rhasis saith 1. Cont. that he hath seen many Paralyticks cured by a Diarrhoea The Cure of this Disease is to be altered according to the variety of the Causes And since for the most part it cometh of flegm and a cold distemper we must labor chiefly to take away that cause which we must begin to do by a general clensing and emptying of the whol Body As for bleeding it can scarce do any good because the fault is not in the Blood but Flegm and this disease comes for the most part to old men such as are flegmatick and cold by nature But if plenty of crude blood unconcocted seems to produce flegm and to feed it we may open a vein in his Arm on the sound side of his Body but take but little blood least his weak natural heat should be extinguished After we have omitted blood-letting or taken a very little away we must go on to take away the antecedent Cause which is a cold distemper of the Brain which must be done as before was shewed by Apozemes or opening drinks by Pills sweating Diet Bags for the head Emplaisters Errhines for the nose neezings Masticatories Gargarisms that draw flegm Vesicatories or Blisters or Cupping head pouders Caps Fumes Magistral Syrups ordinary Pills a strengthening Opiate or Electuary by Caustick or burning by digestive Pouder and Baths A Diet Drink in this disease ought to be made of Guajacum alone and his Bark and after he hath taken a draught he must have hot bricks applied to the diseased parts but first they must be quenched in a Decoction of this good for the head made with white Wine and Vinegar and be wrapped in a linnen cloth for the stirring up of the weak heat which is in the parts and every fourth or fifth day you must purge but it is better to give a purging drink fifâ—een daies before you give the sweating that al the load of crude humors may be better cast out and afterwards the reliques and remainder may be discussed by the habit of the Body Which may be thus made Take of the chips of Guajacum three ounces of the bark of the same one ounce of spring Water four pints Infuse them twenty four hours then let them boyl to the consumption of half adding in the conclusion one ounce of Senna Turbith and Hermodacts of each two drams Let him take half a pint of this strained every morning for fifteen daies not sweating Apply a Caustick to the hinder part of the Head or to the sound Arm if the other be affected If the Legs be affected apply a Caustick to them both After his Diet let him use for his ordinary Drink a Decoction of Guajacum or Water and Honey wherein hath a little Rosemary been boyled Let him abstain from Wine which is very hurtful in this Disease but if he desire to drink Wine let Bettony and Sage be boyled therein And it is far better if in the Vintage time those Herbs are put into a full Vessel of new Wine If the Disease be perverse and stubborn omitting the usual Pills and Magistral Syrup after his Diet use stronger Medicines made thus Take of Pill Foetida the greatest and Pill Cochie the less each half a dram of Troches of Alhandal four
like Clay or snot in the bottom of the Vrinal a certain sign of a great stone in the bladder But because there is nothing constant in man it is not to be admired that some that have this Disease have not this sign as when the stone is smal as we observed m Cardinal Paleotus Now the cause of this muddy Excrement hath shewed in another place So far Zechius but where he shewed the cause of it we could never find But we plainly shewed it in former Chapter when we said that this snot-like matter is the proper Excrement of the bladder distempered when it cannot concoct the great quantity of blood and superfluous humors which are sent thither and turn them into its self but turns them into that consistence like snot and this evil disposition of the bladder comes from the stone therein Let that be perused for it maketh much for the understanding of what hath been said But there still remaineth one difficulty for some have dayly flegmatick slimy matter in their Urine and yet are free from the stone in the bladder And Cardanus reports of an Augustine Monk called Leo that shewed him often so much congealed flegm in the bottom of the Chamber pot as was bigger than a Goose Egg and yet he had not the Stone To this doubt we answer That the slimy matter that comes from the bladder is to be distinguished from that which comes from other parts because that which comes from the bladder is more clammy and glutinous so that it sticks fast to the bottom of the Pot or Urinal and cannot be shaken off when the Urine is powred forth but that which is from other parts doth so cleave but comes presently forth with the Urine Experience hath taught me this which hiterto no Author ever yet observed This clamminess comes from the Nature of the Bladder which is a Membrane and apt to produce this glewiness as you may see Glew is made of Membranous Skins of Beasts This tough glutinous Matter I say comes from the evil disposition of the bladder which is caused by the stone there and we can thus prove it besides what hath been said Because we have known a Child twelve yeers old that had a stone in the Bladder and pissed continually a glutinous matter that cleaved to the bottom of the Glass And after the stone was cut forth he voided the same for a month but afterwards none at all Which cleerly shews that that Matter comes from the evil disposition of the Bladder which could not presently be cured after the Bladder was cured that matter appeared no more which shews that it came from no other part but the bladder For a Conclusion of this let us take notice That whensoever this slimy matter appears with all the aforesaid conditions there is a stone in the Bladder but when it doth not appear it doth not follow that there is no stone for it often happeneth that the stone is smooth or little and so doth not hurt the bladder and then the Urine is alwaies cleer This is a true sign that there is a stone when it appears but when it is absent it is not a sign of no stone Nor would this Objection or rather Cavil become a wise man because from our Observation before mentioned we proved that such matter might be voided by Urine and yet no stone in the bladder for it was cut forth It is sufficient that either a Stone was lately there which was the cause of this Disease and so this kind of Matter signifieth either a Stone there now or lately hath been there The last sign is by tryal with the Catheter and putting the finger into the Anus which operation must be used to take away all doubt for the most part it doth for somtimes the Stone is covered with slimy matter so that the Cutters themselves are deceived thereby But the Catheter is more uncertain than the finger by which you may not be certain of the Stones being there but of the form and bigness of it As for the Prognostick of this Disease It is alwaies painful and dangerous painful because only very smal stones can pass through the Neck of the Bladder The great ones if like flint cannot be dissolved if soft like Chalk or brittle they may be dissolved with long use of powerful Medicines which for the most part the Patients wil not stick to and therefore they are seldom cured therefore there is often cutting which how terrible it is dayly Experience wil declare because many die under the Operation Hence Hippocrates in his Oath commands his Disciples that they use it not but leave it to men of that Profession only But in Women the Operation is less dangerous because their Passage for Urine is wider and it may be done without cutting only by enlarging the part The way of Cure is the same with that of the Kidneys first Evacuation of the antecedent matter Revulsion and hindering of the breeding of it and let the Matter conjunct or the Stone it self be diminished worn away or dissolved for which there are good Medicines in the Chapter aforegoing Of which the distilled Water of Onions is most excellent by which continued twenty daies we saw a stone bigger than a Bean thrown out of the Bladder But the best Authors and Experience teach That things taken at the mouth cannot dissolve the Stone in the Bladder Hence it is that we commonly refer them to the Cutter But because there are many stories of men cured by such Medicines we wil speak of the chief that every one may try them if he please before he go to the terrible Chyrurgion Somtimes the Stone is so soft and newly congealed that it is not impossible to dissolve it but hard flinty stones cannot Horatius Augenius Tom. 2. Epist Med. Lib. 9. Epist 8. I saith he have twice seen the stone broken in the Bladder Once by chance I had the same of one Janetus a Printer at Rome in cure whom I purged that he might be cut with more safety For he had tried all the Venetian and Florentine Physitians But when nothing did him good be sent for the Priest to consult about his soul and resolved to be cut The Priest being a Jesuite and hearing his Confession and the condition of his Disease told him a Medicine of which he had made tryal in himself and others He tryed and was cured in the space of nine daies The Medicine was this Take of the Pouder of Hog-lice or Sows one dram or four scruples at the most Aqua vitae half an ounce red Pease Broth nine or ten ounces Let him take it five hours before dinner I cured one of eighteen yeers of age of a hot and dry complexion by taking away some part of the Aqua vitae and gave it him but every other day and at other daies of Bean and Strawberry Water of each five ounces with six drops of Oyl of Vitriol and one ounce of the