drawing forth the Stones as far as may be then putting the strings between a cleft stick sear them asunder with a hot Iron and melt on the tops of them Bees-wax or Rosin anoint them afterwards with butter and put them up keeping the Swine so gelded exceeding warm for a month after giving them warm Pollard and ground Beans The Sow-pigs must not be spaied till eight or nine months old at soonest and then it must be done with great caution especially in cutting the slit and sowing it up after the Matrix is taken out for if the Guts be touched in cutting or stitched to the side in sowing the Sow will either soon dye or pine away If you would have your Hog suddenly fat put him up in a close Stie suffer him to lye dry and have as little light as may be give him half a peck of Pease morning noon and evening or for want of them Beans Mast and Acorns after each quantity let him drink warm water into which wheat-bran has been scattered or if you are not stored with the aforesaid meats give him Pollard and Carrots but by no means Offal or Garbidge for that renders the flesh unwholesome and in so doing your Hog will be very good meat for Pork in ten or twelve days and for Bacon in sixteen but as all countries are not alike stored with food for Swine other meats than what have been expressed must be given them in like manner Sickness in Swine how to know it and the cure for Head-Ach Swine-pox and the distemper called the eating Yarrow THere are few beasts more subject to distempers than the Swine though their distempers are not so many To know when they are sick the hanging of their Ears dullness of Countenance want of Appetite and the like are certain signs but a more certain than these is suddenly to draw half a score or more Bristles out of the Hogs back and if the ends or roots appear white then is the Hog in good health but if black bloody or spotted then is he afflicted with some internal sickness or has received some great bruise To cure the Head-ache commonly called the Sleepy-evil hold open his mouth with a Gagg and with a Pen-knife or Fleam blood him under the Tongue after which boyl Savin Rue and Cropel-stone in fair water of each a proportionable quantity give it him to drink being strained or if he refuse to drink put a quart of Malt into it and he will receive it For the distemper called the Swine-pox give him an ounce of Mithridate boiled in a quart of water sweetned with an ounce of English Hony or if that fail give him a pint of Lambs blood warm adding thereto a quarter of a pint of Olive Oyl and an ounce of beaten pepper There are divers herbs dangerous to Hogs as Mad-chervil Millfoil and the like of which if a Hog eat he presently becomes sick To remedy which boyl Wild-Cucumbers and Anniseeds in water and set it before the Swine lukewarm that by drinking it he may vomit up the infectious humour generated by eating those unwholsom herbs and restore his health Diseases in the Eyes of Swine Agues Fevers Measels Rhumes and Catarrhs their respective Remedies If your Swine be afflicted with any specks spots Rheums or blood-shot in his Eyes for the specks or spots Take burnt-Allum and the powder of burnt-eggshel and blow into his eyes and afterwards wash them with juice of Bettony and Housleek or for want of them with the juice of Rue or Herbagrace if with Rheums take an ounce of Bolearmoniack beat it into powder add to it a like quantity of grated bread and of the juice of Cellendine Eye-bright and Whitewine as much as will make them exceeding moist when blowing into his Eyes the powder of round Bithwort-roots or for want of them the powder of the yolk of an Egg apply the aforesaid ingredients to the Eye or Eyes plaisterwise and by renewing it twice or thrice the grievance will vanish you must bind it hard on or the Swine will soon throw it off If the Swine be troubled with Ague or Fever let him blood in the Tail and give him water to drink wherein Tree-foil and Wood-sorrel have been boiled and keep him close The measels come through excessive or unwholesome feeding and are discerned by knots or pimples under the Swines tongue and weakness of his hinder parts at what time let him bath in Sea water or water made excessive salt give him that water and bruised Garlick with his meat also the Husks of Grapes and Gooseberries if they may be had or the Peels of Lemons or Citterns If your Swine be afflicted with Rheums or Catarrhs burn Brimstone under his nose or Storax if you can get it then bruise Garlick well make it up into Pills with salt and Butter and oblige him to swallow two or three of them Plague or diseases in the Milt Imposthumes or swellings in the Throat Neck swelling their cure as also an excellent Remedy to prevent vomiting IF your Swine by eating Carrion or other nauseous meats be afflicted with the Plague or Milt swelling which is known by his dullness uneasiness burning and the like take new Hony two ounces Turpentine an ounce Brimstone-flower an ounce juice of Garlick a quarter of a pint boyl them in a quart of small beer and give it him as hot as he can well indure and afterwards keep him close in his Stie If your Swine be troubled with Imposthumes or swellings in the throat make him a drink of Chammomil Mallows and May-weed boiled in Vinegar sweetened with brown Sugar and give it him warm laying to the swelling a plaister of Tarr Salt and Rieflower or for any Imposthume in the body you may use the same Medicine for any swelling in the Neck or Throat if you cannot presently get the aforesaid things let him blood If your Swine be addicted to vomiting occasioned by eating Hemlock Hens-dung or the like or through two much moisture let him fast a day then give him Bran and water wherein Dillseeds and Allum have been boiled and it will close up the mouth of the stomach and prevent for the future his vomiting Colds or Coughs Belly-Ach Lameness Diseases in the Gall and Flux their Cure c. IF your Swine be afflicted with Cold or Cough which indeed is troublesome and does greatly impoverish those creatures Take six or seven ounces of live hony a quarter of a pint of the juice of Lemons a handful of Coltsfoot and Lungwort an ounce of the powder of Liquorish and half a pint of Olive Oyl boyl then in a Gallon of beer or fair water and give him the liquid part to drink very warm morning and evening three or four days successively not exceeding a pint at a time If your Swine be afflicted by the Belly-Ache which is occasioned either by much wind or evil feeding Take of Black-Pepper an ounce Hony two ounces Anniseeds two ounces boyl them in a quart of Whitewine and give it him hot and in twice so doing provided he take the dose fasting it will cure him In case of Lameness by Sprain Stroak Ulcer Thorn Stroak or the like when the bone is rightly place the Thorn Splint or Stub c. pulled out take a quarter of a pint of French-wine half an ounce of Turpentine the like quantity of Oyl of Roses an ounce of Hony and the like quantity of Mutton suet boyl them till they come to a thickness and spreading them plaisterwise apply them hot to the place grieved If your Swine be afflicted by the overflowing of the Gall take of Bolearmoniack an ounce a like quantity of Hony and Turmerick beaten into powder a dram of Saffron and of the seeds of Mellions half an ounce boyl them in two quarts of sweet wort and give him a pint for four mornings together If he be afflicted with the Flux or looseness take a quart of Whitewine a handful of Rosecake half a pint of Milk an ounce of Galls and an ounce of Ginger boyl them together give him the liquid part suffering him to feed for two or three days upon dry meat as Pease Beans Bran or the like To kill Lice prevent Thirst and an excellent Receipt for an Oyntment to be used in case of fractured bones dislocated or swelled Joynts c. IF your Swine be afflicted with Lice or Ticks anoint with Linseed Oyl and flower of Brimstone if with Maggots in any sore place use Tarr and Sope. To prevent excessive Thirst which through the heat of the Swines body causes Fevers in Summer time suffer your Hogs to bath in cool water driving them thither often for that purpose To make the Oyntment for fractured bones c. Take sheeps suet three ounces Venice Turpentine and Bees-wax of each half an ounce Galbâ—num and Storax of each a dram Olivâ— Oyl half a pint boyl them inâ—â— an ointment and use them as you see occasion And thus Reader I have performed my promise as I well hope to your satisfaction FINIS
four or five figgs pared and cut small then suffering it to be luke-warm give it him in a Drenching horn And this medicine you may likewise give him for the Stavers Frenzy Bloody-flux Consumption of the Lungs Shortness of Breath Glaunders or any cold or cough wet or dry and for want of milk you may boyl them in new ALE but milk is better give it him every Morning fasting for a week together Another excellent remedy to the same effect TAke Brimstone flower an ounce sweet butter two ounces temper them together very well then with them anoint the butt ends of two Goose wings and thrust them up his nostrils fastening them in with packthred bound over his pole and thereupon riding him gently he will snort and avoid an extraordinary quantity of matter and filth that offends his head but after you have taken them out be sure you keep him warm in your Stable and feed him with warm Mashes burning under his nose in a chafingdish a little Storax thus you may do to a Horse that is designed for Racing or Hunting when you dare not give him any purgation or internal Drench by reason of the days near approach For a Cold newly taken a most excellent remedy MAke a little hole in the crown of a new-laid Hen-egg at which extract the white and yolk filling the concavity with fresh butter and Tarr of each a like quantity causing your Horse morning and evening to swallow it in the shell by drawing forth his Tongue giving him after it some warm Ale wherein Rosemary has been boyled and in so doing three days successively the cold will vanish for if this cure it not then is it of long continuance To cure which take the following medicine For a long taken Cold Cough Shortness of Breath or Pursiveness an excellent remedy HAving dryed Elecampain roots beat them into powder to the quantity of two ounces adding to them an ounce of Anniseeds bruised and the like weight of Liquorish and Sugarcandy pulverized when putting to them half a quartern of the Syrup of Colts-feet temper them with three or four ounces of fresh butter making the ingredients up into balls and give him three of them as big as Pigeons Eggs fasting riding him afterwards for half an hour letting him come warm into the stable and cloathing him well giving him Oats washed in hot Ale and no cold water for four hours after or for want of this you may give him conserve of Elecampain roots thus made viz. Take the roots and candy them with sugar keeping them from all moisture and so having done take an ounce thereof and add to it being broken small two ounces of Syrup of Colts-foot and as much fine sugar as will make it into a conserve then dissolving it in a pint of new Mallago give it warm to your Horse ordering him after it as aforesaid If your Horse be troubled with a stopping in his head voiding thereby filthy matter take this following advice HAving mingled Coltsfoot with Auripigmentum both of which pulverized not exceeding four drams take as much Turpentine as will make them into paste which done lay them on a Chafingdish of coles in small pieces covering them with a Tunnel and by putting the small end into the nostrils of your Horse suffer the smoak to ascend holding his head to it and in so doing five or six times the congealed matter will dissolve and come away For the Glaunders an excellent Remedy TAke the leaves of a Box-tree green bruise them and add an ounce of Liquorish powder the like quantity of Anniseeds bruised steep them well in Beer or Ale to the quantity of a pint and a half then take four ounces of Treacle and four ounces of Olive Oyl the which all mixed and well heated give him the whole dose in a Drenching-horn and thereupon ride him moderately and at his return put on his cloaths give him a warm Mash and keep the Stable close and in so doing three mornings together the Horse will be rendered well as at first Costiveness the cause and cure THis grievance happeneth when a Horse without great pain cannot void his dung proceeding sometimes from excess of Provender at other times from too much feeding upon dry meat which dryeth up the moisture of his body as Beans Tares Pease and such like not but that they are wholsome and convenient but that by excessive feeding on them the Horses body is over heated which drying his Excrements shuts up the Office of nature and sometimes this grievance happens by tedious fasting and the Horse being dyeted for Hunting or Racing to remedy which take a piece of Castle sope to the weight of two ounces dissolve it in Whitewine on the fire after which having bruised an ounce of Hempseed put it into the liquor sweetning it with an ounce of Brown Sugarcandy and give it him as hot as he can indure it after which walk him up and down for the space of an hour and then bringing him into the stable if you find him sick let him lie down and pour down his throat a pint of warm milk feeding him as at other times and his bowels will be loosened and his Excrements come away Another to help and cure this grievance BOyl a handful of Mallows in running water to the quantity of a quart to which add half a pint of Olive Oyl and half a pound of Butter an ounce of Benedicta Laxativa and making thereof a Glister force it warm up his Fundament holding his Tail close to it to keep it in for the space of half an hour then giving him a sweet Mash leave it to work of it self Of the Cramp or Convulsion in the Nerves or sinews of a Horse its cause and cure THis Malady proceeds from the sinew cut some wound in the Horse or too suddain cooling after an extraordinary heat too much straining or excessive purging and is known by the forcible contraction of the Sinews Veins and Muscles insomuch that the whole strength of man is not many times capable of bending the joynt this grief seizes and by his being lame and well in a moment There is also another Malady proceeding from cold loss of blood windiness in the veins or numbness of the sinews differing from the first in pace only as having its seat and operation in the Back Reins and neck of a Horse known by the distortion or wryness of his neck hollowness of his eyes dryness and clamminess of his mouth rising of his back in the middle and the like To cure which take Primrose leaves Chamomile Cowslip leaves Crowfeet Mallows Fennel and Rosemary leaves with the stalks of Pimpernel steeped and boyled in spring-water for a considerable space then once or twice a day bath him with the liquor hot all over and apply the herbs to the grieved places binding them on with Hay-bands or woollen cloaths anointing them first with Oyl of spike mixed with Petrolium and Nerve Oyl The Camery or Frounce
following viz. Take a pound of Hogs-grease an ounce of Verdigrease half an ounce of Venice Turpentine and the juice of Mallows all boyled into an ointment An excellent Salve for curing of any wound whether by Sword Fire Gun-shot or any other accident TAke two ounces of Roach-allum Whitewine-vinegar two spoonfuls Verdegrease powder an ounce two ounces of Sublimate finely pulverised and with fire bring them to a Salve and when occasion requires lay it plaisterwise to the wound having first washed it with water wherein Copperas and Bay-salt have been dissolved it is also excellent at eating away dead flesh c. An excellent Salve for Wounds Vlcers Bruises or Strains how to make it TAke Perosin and other Rosin of each a pound Bees-wax Frankincense and Sheeps suet of each six ounces Hogs-grease twenty ounces boyl the Gums and Wax in half a pint of Whitewine then put to it your Hogs lard and Sheeps-suet adding an ounce of fine Turpentine and mix well all the ingredients keep the Salve for your use Glisters convenient to be used upon divers occasions IF your Horse be Costive and is greatly pained in his dunging take the fat of Beef broth a pound of English Hony four ounces of white Salt half a spoonful having made them thin by fire force them into his body pretty warm holding afterward his Tail close to his Tuel to keep it in till it work which will be half an hour first then trot him up and down the Stable and give him a warm Mash and it will not only make him Laxative but bring away much foul matter contracted in the bowels or for want of the aforesaid materials boyl two handfuls of Mallows in a pottle of spring-spring-water adding thereto after it is strained half a pint of Olive Oyl or for want of it half a pound of Butter and it will have the same effects If your Horse be inwardly desperate sick Take Oyl of Cammomil Dill Violets and Cassia of each half an ounce powder of Brown Sugar-candy three ounces Marsh-mallow leaves half a handful boyl them in running water and having strained out the liquid part give it him warm glister-wise using him as abovesaid If your Horse be afflicted with the Pestilence or Fever take of the seeds of Coloquintida half an ounce three quarters of an ounce of Dragantium of Centaury and Wormwood each a handful and a quarter of an ounce of Castorum boyl them in three quarts of water or small beer adding three ounces of Gerologundinum half a pint of Olive Oyl and half a spoonful of Salt strain it and use it Glisterwise If your Horse be afflicted with the Colick or any pain in his bowels take salt-water or new brine a quart boyl in it a handful of Cammomil or Groundsil dissolving into it a quarter of a pound of Castle sope and having strained out the liquid part administer it as the former in case of giving Glisters observe to anoint the pipe with butter or Oyl Rake him well before you adminster it let him keep it at least half an hour and suffer him to drink no cold water that day nor the next but let his drink be warm water and his meat be Mashes or fine Provinder and observe to give the Glister fasting Cordial Powders and Cordial balls Receipts to make them and their use TO make an excellent Cordial powder for the Consumption of the Lights and Liver or any internal wasting distemper take Cinamon and Loaf-sugar of each an ounce two ounces of Bolearmoniack dry them well and reduce them to a powder giving it to the Horse in a pint of Mallagoe To make an excellent Cordial powder or Electuary for a Horse that is sick weak or out of case take syrup of Lemons syrup of Roses and syrup of Violets of each half an ounce an ounce of London Treacle and two ounces of the powder of Elecampain roots mingle them together and put them in a Stove till the syrups become exceeding thick and as it were a hard Electuary the which as occasion requires give him dissolved in warm Ale about an ounce in a Pint. To make Cordial balls to cure any violent Cold Glaunders Heart sickness recover lost Appetite prevent fainting under moderate labour bring away Molten grease or Fatten your Horse take Carthamus seed Anniseed Fennegreek seeds Cummin seeds the Roots of Elecampain and Colts-foot of each two ounces of Brimstone flower and Chymical Oyl of Anniseeds each two ounces and an ounce of the juice of Licorish half a pint of Whitewine and a like quantity of syrup of Sugar or Molossus Olive Oyl and Hony of each a quarter of a pint and having boyled them over the fire add as much wheat flower as will stiffen them into a past and making it up into balls as big as pullets Eggs give him four of them in a morning fasting suffering him to drink immediately after a quart of warm Ale Purgations Perfumes Baths Suppositories Charges Drenches and Causticks what they are how to make and use them upon sundry occasions IF you would gently purge your Horse give him three ounces of Turnesole in a quart of warm water or for want of that Feltwort Baldmony Aloes or Sea Housleek If you would purge out Cholerick humours boyl S. Peters wort the seeds of Tutsan or Park-leaves of each a handful boyl them in a quart of small Ale and give it him warm If he be troubled with watry humours give him Dodder that grows upon Savory and Hedge-Hyssop of each a handful boyled in a quart of water Scammony or purging Blindweed are great purgers insomuch that unless they are mixed with Aloes they often prove hurtful to the body of the Horse If you would purge your Horse violently give him three ounces of Coloquintida in a pint of Canary but it is not safe to use this purge unless in dangerous distempers Black-hellebore Hogs Fennel or either of the Polipodiums purge Phlegm and Choler an ounce of Aloes made up in Butter and given the Horse purges away Melancholy But if your Horse be very sick take an ounce of Hony half a pint of Olive Oyl Hempseed Fennegreek seed Cassia of each an ounce boyl them in a pint of Canary and give it him warm If you would have your Horse vomit up any filthy thing which he has received or bring away the gross Phlegmatick humours take the largest roots of Polipodium of the Oak steep them in Oyl of Spike and fasten them to the Horses nose with a muzel where letting them rest all night next morning you will find your Horse sickish then taking away the Roots trot him about and if foul humours afflict him he will vomit extreamly Baths their use and how to make them A Bath used for Horses is no other than his being bathed with the concoction of divers simples exceeding hot to disperse the humours setled in any one place to dry up humours or refresh a Horse after Travail c. And of these in their
order To disperse evil humours take smallage Ox-ey of each two handfuls bruise them in a Mortar and put to them mans urine and Oyl of Turpentine boil them and as hot as the Horse can indure it rubbing the place exceeding hard and afterward cloath him warm If your Horse be troubled with Gourdy-gouty legs coming either by Farcins or scratches use this Bath Take a quart of Chamberly put into it a handful of Baysalt a quarter of a pound of sope a handful of Soot and Misletoe chopped small with all which well boyled bath the place grieved and in so doing divers times the swellings will vanish and the Farcins be prevented If your Horse be subject to tire or stiffe and out of order with hard travailing make a bath of Mallows Sage Mint and Rose-cakes putting a good handful of each into a Gallon of water boyling the water till it is near consumed then adding half a pint of Olive Oyl and half a pound of Butter with the liquid part bath his legs and keep him walking for half and hour These and such like are the natures and uses of baths Perfumes for purging the Head how to make and use them IF your Horse be troubled either with the Glaunders Colds Pozes Catarrhs or any the like distemper in the head take Olibanum Storax Benjamine and Frankincense of each half an ounce bruise and mix them well then taking a Chafingdish of coles sprinkle it upon them and having a funnel ready cover the Chafing-dish therewith that so the smoke coming out of the little end may ascend into the Horses head and it will comfort the brain purge away filth and break the cold or for want of these burn the roots of black Hellebore and Turpentine or Burgundy-pitch or Ducks feathers dried Pimpernel and Rosemary and by so doing the effects will manifest their virtues Suppositories what they are their use and how to make them A Suppository so called is no other than a preparative for a Glister by opening the Horses body and rendering him capable to receive it in such a case take a large Candle of five or six in the pound cut off both ends anoint it with Oyl and having raked the Horse thrust it into his Fundament and there suffering it to rest trot him and it will greatly loosen his belly If your Horse has taken a surfeit take six ounces of Hony an ounce of Salt-niter and the like quantity of Anniseeds making them into a stiff past with wheat flower then make a ball as big as a half-penny loaf and thrust it into his Fundament keeping it in by binding down his Tail to the Girt If you intend to purge Phlegm put a round piece of Castle Sope in his Fundament if Choler take a handful of Savin and a like quantity of Staves-acre bruise them and put them into a like quantity of Hony and boyl them till they may be made into a ball then use it as the former If melancholy take a large Red Onion and peeling it put it into his Fundament If for Phlegm make a suppository of Hony and Oat flower and in thus ordering your Horse be sure he be fasting and that he drink no cold water that day That he be kept warm and well looked to Charges what they are their use and how to make them CHarges are no other than Plaisters or Poultesses laid to the place grieved and because I have already largely treated about the like I shall now insist on but two which may be used upon any occasion viz. Take two pounds of Wheat flower half a pint of Whitewine a pound of Hony half a pound of Bolearmoniack beaten into powder boyl them on a fire adding half a pound of black Pitch the like quantity of Turpentine the seeds of Cummin Sanguis Draconis and Fennegreek of each an ounce Bayberries and Oyl of Bays of each an ounce boyl them to a Salve and use it in case of any wrench shoulderslip Hipslip dislocated bone stretched sinews scratches swelling tumour or the like there being no better any where to be found The second Charge make thus take of the Oyl of Bays a quarter of a pound of Cantharides Orpin and Euphorbum of each two ounces and having made the latter three into powder mingle them with the former and spreading it after it has been well boiled plaisterwise lay it to the place grieved it is excellent in case of fractured or dislocated bones joynt slips or strains weeping wounds to dry up humours and also for any swelling of the Back strain or sinews and indeed it may be applied with success to any Grief or Sorrance Most excellent Drenches to cure all inward diseases as Feavers of all sorts Plague infection c. HAving let your Horse blood especially in case of Fevers of all forts which are Tertian Quartan Quotidian Hectick and Autumnal Fevers coming by Pestilential air Accidental Fever or general Plague known by Trembling Panting Sweating Dull countenance Short-breath Faintness decay of stomach Costiveness and the like give him this drink viz. Take the Roots of Cellendine as also the leaves a good handful a like quantity of Rue Balm and Wormwood Powder of Diapente half an ounce a pound of Fresh Butter wash the herbs bruise them and put them into a quart or three pints of Ale then having boyled them strain the liquid part and give it the Horse to drink three mornings successively Secondly To the same purpose take three or four new laid Eggs beat their yolks with as many spoonfulls of Brandy put thereto an ounce of Diapente and a like quantity of Hony adding half a pint of Canary and give it your Horse when the Fever or Ague is just coming on him Thirdly Take Elecampain Roots reduced into powder an ounce Liquorish Anniseed and Cuminseed a like quantity Bay berries Longpepper and Fennegreek of each a quarter of an ounce beat them together adding half a pint of Olive Oyl or for want of it half a pound of sweet butter set them over a fire in a pint of Canary or Ale and give him the liquid part in a Drenching horn Fourthly Take Red Sage Mint and Diatessaron of each two ounces boyl them in a quart of Beer sweeten them with two ounces of Sugarcandy and give them the Horse and thus observing in all hot distempers to administer cooling things and in cooling distempers hot things your expectations will be answered if you do not apply them unseasonably Causticks and Corrosives what they are and how to be applyed A Caustick is no other than a burning by application making a wound where none was before in which case Lime Oyl of Vitriol Aqua fortis c. are applyed how to mannage which upon divers occasions I have before recited Corrosives are in the same manner applyed but of less force only used in eating away dead or spungy flesh hard knobs Bony Excrescences or the like they are used likewise in case of Farcines Leprosie Mange and the
hair he with a Lancet raises the skin and thrusts in the Lead being dipped in Oyl of Tartar suffering it to rest there four days then taking it out claps the skin close so that the hair growing again becomes as white as milk To make a Red Star Blaze or Snip in a White-Horse he shaves away the hair and anoints the skin with Oyl of Vitriol Soot and the juice of Hemlock To make a Black Star in a White Horse he uses the decoction of Fern-roots Soot or Ink and the wood of Oliander the which when he has raised the skin he puts under suffering it there to remain and by so doing the hair immediately becomes Black nay if he has had a Horse often to the Market and he has there been blown upon he will dye him a quite contrary colour and though he be troubled with most distâ—â—pers incident to Horses yet will he swear he has neither Splint Spavin nor Windgal Scratches Crepances nor Rats-tails Mules nor Cibil-heels Sellender nor Mallender Curb Ringbone nor Quitterbone Houghbone Sit-fast Anbury nor Vives neither Farcine Founder-footed Broken-winded Grease Molten or Running Glaunders but good Eyes good Thighs and every thing answerable These and a hundred more are the tricks of the Jockies which for brevities sake I shall at this time forbear to mention and proceed to treat of other Cattle useful and necessary to man A TREATISE OF CATTLE Their Ordering Cure c. HAving treated largely of the Horse c. I shall now proceed to satisfie the reader in the management of other useful Cattle and first of the Bull Ox Cow and Calf The Bull most fit to get a good breed must be long bodied of colour Red broad shouldered strong-boned not over large of body his breast broad his head short and full foreheaded his eyes black and full his Horns smooth and short and his Tail long and Bushy The Cow must not be too large nor too small rather long than short her Rump broad of colour Black with some changeable spots of White or Red her Wind-pipe large her Womb the like her forehead flat and broad her Eyes large and Black her Horns long but smooth and for the most part black great Mouth thin Cheeks wide Nostrils large Dew-laps long and thick-neck broad Shoulders long Tail smooth and even Claws long Teats and broad Breast and in making these observations in your choice you will seldom or never miss of a good breed if you order them accordingly viz. put not your Heifer to the Bull till she be three years old and suffer her not to bear Calves for store after twelve The best time to put her to the Bull is in May or June and to know when she is desirous of him observe if the Claws of her feet be swollen the which if they be then is it a sign of Lust in her and that she is desirous to be covered or by her continual lowing the same may be known and that she may the sooner conceive keep her with spare diet two or three days before you lead her to the Bull and the leaner the better though the Bull at the same time must be in good Case if she refuse to take the Bull or that the Bull be backward burn Harts-Tail under their noses or rub the Cows Reception place with Nettleseeds or ground Ginger and afterwards with a Sponge with which Sponge rub the Bulls nose and by so doing you will provoke them to desire when the Cow has so often received the Bull as you think convenient put her into a warm house for a weeks space not milking her in that time unless her Udders stretch then put her into an inclosed field where she cannot leap out nor run through Bushes suffering her often to drink clear water and in so ordering her at ten months end she will bring you a lusty Calf or two if no casualty prevent it When your Cow has Calved you must give her a comfortable dose viz. half a pint of Malmsey four new laid Eggs and a pint of Ale mixed together suffering the Calf to lie by her in fresh and warm straw and as soon as you find he has recovered any strength put him to the Teat at what time if you perceive him bubble and rather mumble the Teat than suck or if it be at any time after look under his tongue and if you there perceive a white fleshy substance growing over the Tongue cut it away with a sharp pair of Scissars without wounding the Tongue washing it thereupon with Water Salt and the juice of Garlick and when the Calf begins to grow up it you perceive he is troubled with Lice or afflicted with Scabs keep him in fresh straw and wash him with urine wherein Butter and Colewort-stalks have been boiled In gelding your Calf that he may so be an Ox the best time is at a year and half Old when the Moon is in the Wane observing that the sign at that time be not in Libra Scorpio nor Sagittarius The manner of gelding must be thus throw him on soft Straw having good help to hold him that he hurt not himself with strugling then taking one Cod between your fingers slit it so wide that the Stone may come forth which being done use the other in the like manner and drawing them forth put the strings between a cleft stick hold them hard and sear them off with a hot Iron then melt bees-wax on the heads of the strings and having anointed them and the Cod with warm butter put them up and keep him in a warm house for two or three days especially if the weather be cold giving him milk dusted with Bran chopped Hay and crumbs of Bread and in that time he will recover his appetite and soon after give him a purge viz. half an ounce of Rubarb and ten or twelve leaves of Spurg Laurel boyled in a quart of small Ale or an ounce of Lupinseeds boil'd in a pint of Whitewine and by so doing you will preserve him from sickness and render him strong and lusty Diseases and Sorrances incident to this kind of Cattle and their Cure and first of Scabs Itch Mange eating sores in the Neck Aposthumes Boils Vlcers Head-Ach Rheum and Hidebound on the Legs Ribs c. IF the Bull Cow Calf or Ox be troubled with the Itch Scab or Mange To Cure them take the dregs of Oyl Olive Ox Gall the powder of Brimstone and Roach-Allum of each two ounces Vinegar half a pint put them into a quart of Chamberly and having well boyled them therein bath the places grieved with the liquid part thereof and the cure will be effected If afflicted with the eating neck Sore take three roots of Garlick an ounce of Brimstone flower sharp Vinegar a pint six Galls and a handfull of Soot boyl them together adding three ounces of Hogs-grease till the liquid part is mostly consumed and it becomes so thick that it may be applyed to the grievance plaisterwise
eating of green Corn or Clover you must not only give him the aforesaid medicine but a Clister made of the decoction of Mallows Chammomil Liver-wort and Groundsil adding an ounce of Turmerick They must be boiled in new wort and before you give it Rake him well dipping your hand first in sweet Oyl or anointing it with Hogs-grease If the beast be troubled with pains in the belly or Windcolick take an ounce of Mithridate a quarter of an ounce of Rubarb the like quantity of the Oyl of Mace boyl them in a pint of Wine give the liquid part to your beast hot and in so doing every other morning for five mornings it will cure the grievance or for want of them give him beer wherein Chammomil and Mayweed has been boiled but if the vent be obstructed then boyl in either of those drinks half an ounce of Alloes and give him before it a pint of Olive Oyle Loosness Bloody-Flux pains in the Loins pains of the Reins or Brawns Inflammation and pissing blood their respective Cures IF the beast be extreamly loose take of Night-shade a handful Red-rose-leaves or cakes two handfulls Turpentine an ounce pursly a handfull Turmerick and Allum of each an ounce boyl them in strong Vinegar and Whitewine and give the beast the liquid part fasting and in so doing three or four times the loosness will be staid but if it become to the Bloody Flux then suffer him to eat little and drink less for the space of four days at the end of which take the stones of Raisins Nutgalls Mirtleberries and Old Cheese of each two ounces boyl them in a quart of Claret and give it the Horse hot and so do often till you perceive the issue of blood stayed If the Beast be afflicted with a pain in the Loyns take of Poppy flowers if they be to be had if not the seeds one handful of Coleworts or Cabbageseed a like quantity bruise them and boyl them in fair water and having strained them give him the juice to drink and apply the seeds c. pultiss-wise to the place as near as you can where the grief is and cover them with a plaister of Greek-pitch Rosin and Collophonia mingled with a little Barly-meal and the humours that cause the pain will be dispersed or if it is occasioned by any bruise it will be cured If the beast be afflicted with pains of the Reins Brawns or Muscles occasioned by inflammation or otherwise let him blood in the Tail or Thighs Boyl in two quarts of Ale a root of Garlick a handful of Rue two ounces of Sugarcandy an ounce of Cinamon and the juice of four or five Lemons give it him hot to drink laying a plaister made of Bees-wax Olive Oyl Turpentine and Storax upon the place grieved If the beast piss blood keep him from drinking any water take a Sea Onion two ounces of Linseed an ounce of Treacle a quarter of an ounce of Rosatum and the like quantity of Alloes a quarter of a pint of the juice of Nettles an ounce of Wood-soot and the like quantity of Irish Slate mix them with a quart of Redwine or juice of Sloes adding half a pint of Olive Oyl and the Whites of two Eggs boyl them well and give him them fasting and so do morning and evening for two days If he be troubled with the stone or cannot urine take the powder of burnt Sea Crabs Cloves and Pepper of each an ounce Bolearmoniack two ounces and a like quantity of Parslyseed boyl them in a quart of Vinegar and give them the beast to drink very warm morning and evening for four or five days and it will dissolve the Stone and cause him freely to urine And thus Reader having laid down rules for Ordering and Cures for the most dangerous distempers and left none untouched but such as are vulgarly known by almost every Husbandman or Cow-herd I shall procceed to give necessary instructions to the Shepherd as to the ordering and cure of his flocks upon all occasions A TREATISE OF SHEEP How to chuse your Ram and Ewe for breed when the Ewe ought to be covered and how ordered during her pregnancy and upon her Yeaning c. IF you are desirous to have a good breed of this sort of Cattle which serve to so many ends let your Ram be tall rather long than thick his belly large and a good coat of Wooll for his covering the Tail long and bushy his Eyes black and round overgrown as it were with Wooll his Stones large and even his Ears great the undermost part of his Tongue speckled with black his Horns large sound and well wreathed let the Ewe be long with a great belly large Udder long necked white and shining of Colour and well woolled Teats great Eyes large and shining and her Tail long and well covered with Wooll c. Thus having chosen your Getter and Breeder suffering neither of them to exceed three years old the Ew is best when two years old nor let any Ews bear Lambs for breed after seven years The most convenient season for her to suffer the Ram is in October or the beginning of November that she may bring forth her Lamb or Lambs in the spring at what time if her milk should fail other nourishments may be procured during the time of her bearing suffer her not to lie abroad in cold Snow or extream frosty weather nor in excessive rains and sometimes with her water give her a handful of Salt and Fennelseed when she has cast her Lamb bring her into a warm house and there keep her for two or three days that she and the Lamb may gather strength giving her a Mash of Oats and Bran each morning Many are of opinion that if the Ewe is covered by the Ram when she is feeding towards the North wind she will bring forth a Ram Lamb and when towards the South a Ewe Lamb though to it I give not over much credit nor to the tradition of knitting the right or left stone of the Ram to produce the like effects nor that other opinion held by divers for Authentick that whatsoever colour the Ewes tongue is of when she conceives of that colour the Lamb will be whether White Black Speckled or the like The Head-ache Giddiness loss of Cudd diseases in the Eyes Agues in Lambs or Sheep Rheums Catarrhs diseases in the Eyes or Teeth Boyls Aposthumes and Vlcers their respective cures THese sort of creatures are subject to divers Diseases occasioned by infection evil digestion wet and unwholesome feeding eating noisom herbs drinking dirty stinking water the droping of trees or being abroad in immoderate showers If the Ram Ewe or Lamb be troubled with the Head-ache which is caused by damp and unwholesome feeding burn Storax under his nose and give him the juice of Sage and House-leek boyled with half a pint of Whitewine adding thereto a dram of Saffron If afflicted with giddiness which frequently happens in the Summer season if
for that they at two or three years old at the most take them up for want of ground to feed them in How to know what Colt will make a true shaped Horse To help Mares that are difficult in foaling To order Colts upon weaning Separating and gelding of Colts c. AT six months old the shape may be discerned that he will be of at six years old if he be not wronged or spoiled in keeping and bringing up the defects are also to be seen at the same time The shin-bone being long and large from the Pastern to the knee denotes the Colt to prove a tall Horse And what space is found in a Colt new foaled between the Withers and knee double that space will appear when he is full grown Observe the activeness lively spirits and striving for mastery over their fellows amongst Colts for such denote they will prove well mettalled and serviceable Horses when dulness foreshews the contrary If a Mare be distressed in her foaling the ready way to make her bring forth is to stop both her Nostrils with your hand that so she may be the better obliged to strain her self or if that fail take Madder to the quantity of a Pigeons Egg boil it in a pint of ALE and give it her warm If her Secundine after foaling come not away take a handfull or two of young fennel boil it in running-running-water or spring-spring-water if you can get it half a pint of which mix with as much Malmsie and a fourth quantity of Olive Oyle and put it blood warm into the Nostrils of your Mare and hold them close or in defect of this give her green Wheat or Rye to eat but the former medicine is best and will answer the end for which it was given Observe that your Mare in no wise eat her Cleansing for it is not only unwholsome but a great obstructer of her producing milk When a Colt is weaned put him out of the hearing of his Dam as aforesaid and the sooner to make him forget her give him Savin and Butter which will effect it Put him not to hard pasture till the second or third year after his weaning Separate your Mare and Stone Colts at a year at furthest for the Stone Colts being high fed and of much mettal will attempt to cover the Mare Colts at the end of a year which if permitted proves the spoiling of them both Nor is it amiss but altogether convenient to separate each years breed by putting them into divers pastures To geld Stone-Colts the convenientest time is and with the least danger at nine days old if the Stones come down if not let some days more pass ere you attempt it In this case the time of the Moon and the signs are to be observed The best time is when the Moon is in the Wain and the sign in Virgo or Aries And the best time in the year is the Spring and Fall but although these are the safest and convenientest times yet this work may be done by a skillful hand at any time as well on full grown Horses as young Colts And thus much I have thought fit to lay down for the instruction of the Breeder which is the chiefest Office relating to a Horse for if he be spoiled in the breeding all labour cost and care bestowed upon him will prove fruitless for he will never be a compleat Horse The Compleat Horseman's TRUE DIRECTORY Or the Rules and Methods for managing Horses at all points after they are brought up and fitted for the Saddle by the care and industry of the Breeder as in the foregoing Treatise of his Office is expressed A Horse of never so good a breed and carefully brought up to the Saddle falling into the hands of an unskillful mannager is like an unstrung instrument or a Ship without a Rudder Therefore I have not thought it at all unnecessary but altogether convenient to reveal this part or mystery of Horsemanship that every man without being beholding to others for advice or putting himself to the charge of a Horse-breaker may mannage his own Beast to such advantages as he sees fit or best approves of which I shall lay down in these following Rules Experienced Rules for Saddling and Mouthing c. YOur Horse taken up and with feeding by hand and handling made somewhat familiar hang the Saddle and Bridle always near him and often offer to put them on till at last he will suffer you to do it then girt him about though not too hard but rather put small wisps of Hay between his body and the girths for his ease and let your Bridle be as easie as may be though strong and well put on to prevent his headstrongness if he attempt it Then in a fair day carry him abroad into a plain field or other convenient place and make him trot round you sometimes cherishing him with your voice and at other times striking him with your switch as you see occasion Hang with your weight upon the Saddle shake the Stirrups strike them against his sides and strain the Crupper with all such matters as will happen in riding till he is familiar and seems well to brook them Your Horse by this means being plyable to the Saddle take off the slight loose and easie Bridle Gird the Saddle hard then washing his mouth with ALE you shall put into it a full mouth'd Trench formerly used and drawing the Reins over his head lay them upon the Saddle drawing them now and then that he may have a feeling of the Trench which will induce him to Champ and play with the same and thereby make him more familiar with it after which having your Martingal in a readiness fasten it from the Chaul-band to the Girths but with some slackness unless your Horse is apt to toss up his head upon starting wantonness or a col◠〈◊〉 he has got This done fasten a broad pecie of Leather about his neck at his withers and before the middle of his weasand about six inches beneath his Throple between which and his neck let the Martingal be drawn to prevent his ducking down his head for by that means the Cavezan being placed upon the Gristle of his nose being the tenderest part about him will when he throws down his head hurt him at that rate that he will soon leave of that ill custom of ducking or thrusting his head between his legs and make him carry it Archwise bending like a Swans neck which will add much to his comeliness and thus use him for eight or ten days before you back him Rules to be observed upon the first backing your Horse YOur Horse being become patient of the Saddle and Trench lead him in a Morning or Evening into some ploughed or other loose ground and after divers turns essay to mount him often till you find him patient of your burthen Then having one to hold his head advance by degrees shaking and moving your toes and body with equal motion so
of your Horse to set a full bodied man upon him whose weight will so ballance him that he cannot let his feet fall from such a height or with so strong a spring to jolt the Rider by reason he will not be capable of lifting them so high Another way to oblige him to an easie Trot is by loading him at his first bereaking with heavy shoos which will make him Trot more deliberately and with less shaking his body to offend his Rider As for Galloping it is divided into two kinds viz. Hand-gallop and Fullgallop or Full-speed to either of which a skillful rider by the mannagement of the rein and use of Whip or Spur may oblige a free Horse at his pleasure Wherfore I shall no longer insist on them but conclude this part of Horsemanship the most material of all others and from it I shall proceed to advise the keeper what in his place is most convenient to be done both for the credit of himself and the advantage of his Master Rules to be well considered and exactly observed by all that undertake the care of good Horses AMongst other things appertaining to a Horse good looking to is not the least for if he fare never so well if he be not carefully looked after at all convenient seasons he will not thrive therefore for their better understanding to whom such offices appertain I shall lay down these following Rules First Rising in Summer-time about Sun rising and in Winter-time by break of day enter the Stable having over-night prepared three pints or thereabouts of dry Oats well sifted and added to them a pint of split Beans give them your Horse the which when he has eaten fall to dressing him currying him over with your Iron Comb leaving no part undone then with your dusting cloth dust him over or for want of that with a Horse tail after which with your French brush beginning at his forehead proceed by degrees to rub every part of him leaving not so much as the breadth of an inch untouched throughout him then dust him again and with your wet hand lay and smooth his hair then drying your hand dry the wet places with the same not forgetting to cleanse his Sheath Cods Yard Tuel Forebowels Ears Nostrils and all other places that are subject to sweat or filth this done with your hair-cloth rub him over in all parts but especially his Head Cheeks Face and Eyes the top of his forehead and between his chaps then with a woollen Cloth kept clean for that purpose rub him over again in all parts and lastly comb down his Main and Tail The Horse thus put into good order Saddle him and lead him out of the Stable where mounting his back ride him gently to water but so that you may a little warm his stomach then having permitted him to drink a considerable draught Rack him gently ere you bring him into the Stable having done that though not made him sweat bring him into the Stable having his cloaths ready as soon as you have rubbed him down put them on and so let him stand for the space of an hour at which time give him two quarts of Beans and Oats mingled as aforesaid which being eaten toss into his Rack a hard knop of hay and let him bite upon it till noon noon being come furnish him with the like quantity of Beans and Oats and the like knop of Hay if the former knop be eaten or else not Evening being come carefully dress him after the same manner as in the morning you did and so ride him to water warming him before you permit him to drink as likewise afterwards bring him into the Stable clothing him and rubbing him down without any alteration and after an hours standing give him Beans Oats and Hay to the quantity aforesaid that is three pints of Oats one of spelt Beans and a knop of Hay and let him stand till Nine of the Clock at night at what time renewing his Bait and tossing up his Litter leave him till morning How to order your Horse when you design him for Sport or Travail And how in and after Travel Sport c. WHen you intend to take a journey see the day and night before that your Horse have his due proportion of meat and be well rubbed down clean Littered and served with warm water in the Stable without leading him abroad and either with Trotters oyl Neatsfoot-Oyl or Dogs Greace which it behoves you to have in a readiness supple the joynts of fore and hinderlegs it being warmed over a fire which will not only make him nimble in his Travail but hold out much better than otherwise he would In the morning let him have his Beans and Oats but no Hay If you find him lively and mettlesome give him no water before you ride out but being mounted ride him a mile or two a racking pace and when you find him well heated ride him as you please either Amble Trot or Full-speed you cannot hurt him but be sure to observe when you come into your Inn that you with your Glazing Knife ere you rub him down take off the sweat the knife so called is made of an old Sword blade or a piece of a Scithe after which rub him down and cleanse him as you have been formerly shewed Then he having eaten his allowance of meat which must for conveniencies sake be double what at once you are to give him when he stands idle you must if you find him any thing hot give him warm water but if he be indifferent cool cold water will not prejudice him Having after a journey heat or the like brought home your Horse hot or tyred bring him not into the Stable till he be pretty well dryed and cooled by moderate walking when being entred the Stable and tyed up to the Rack rub him down as you have been shewed before and girt his cloaths fast about him Tucking some drie wisps between his body and the Girths and when he has stood on the Bridle for the space of two hours toss a knop of Hay into the Rack whilst you prepare your Oats and Beans to the quantity of two quarts amongst which it will not at all be amiss but rather profitable if you mix half a pint of Hempseed well cleansed and at night when he comes to receive his last bait give him warm water mixed with a small quantity of fine Oatmeal and so tossing up his Litter let him rest till Morning As to washing and walking your Horse after a journey I hold them both dangerous the former occasioning surfeits and the latter contagious colds turning into the Glanders and other both troublesome and noysome infirmities But if he be extraordinary dirty take a pail of warm water and having first scraped off the dirt rub him with a wet brush till he become clean If he be hot and not fitting to be Stabled then ride him gently up and down till you find him temperate and cool
White Rose Leaves Smallage Hill-wort Succory red Fennel and Cellandine of each half a quarter of a pound wash them clean and steep them well in Whitewine after which distil them and the first water will be like Gold the second like Silver and the third like Balm all which frequently one after another will wonderfully preserve his sight and restore sight when almost lost How to take off the Pin and Web with ease and safety TAke the powder of White-copperas finely sifted half an ounce and the like quantity of White Sugarcandy pulverised and siersed and with a quill blow into the eye grieved every morning as much as will lie upon a groat till you see the Pin and web begin to wast at what time use it every second day and within a while after every third day and in so continuing it will in twenty days take it clean away An approved Receipt for taking away a Film or Skin that covers the sight c. TAke the powder of Alabaster grind it to powder sift it well and blow it into his eyes morning and evening and it will eat off the skin or for want of that take Bay salt and briuse it in a Morter or between two Trenchers and make it up with sweet butter into pellets as big as Pistol Bullets one of which put into the eye grieved and close the lid upon it holding it close with your hand till it be melted and in so doing for ten days successively the Film will disappear To take away the Rhume in a Horses Eyes and clear the sight an approved Receipt TAke butter well salted and mix with it the juice of Houseleek and making it into pellets put it into the Horses Ear on the contrary side and it will draw back the Rhume and cause the effects to cease but you must hold tye or sow up his Ear or he will shake it out To cure swollen Eyes IF the Eye-lids of a Horse are swelled extraordinarily so that the inside turn outward you need do no more unless his eyes are perished or afflicted with Rhume than muffle him up close and keep him warm anointing the place grieved once or twice a day with Rose water in which Sugarcandy and hony have been dissolved and the swelling will abate after which let him blood in the Temples but by no means clip the bladders if any happen on his eye-lids but suffer them to fall off of themselves To stay the Rhume in a Horses Eyes a most excellent Receipt BEat Bolarmoniack into powder and blow it with a quill into your Horses eyes morning and evening but if he refuse to suffer it then mixing it with fresh butter and the powder of White Sugarcandy make it into pellets and put it into his eyes morning and evening holding the lids fast till it is dissolved the which doing five or six days will drive back the Rhume A Second approved Remedy for taking away the skin or white Film from the Eyes BUrn to ashes the roots of black Sallow adding to them the powder of White Sugarcandy and grated Ginger both well siersed and blow them well mixed together into your Horses eyes morning and evening A Particular Receipt for Moon Eyes Dim sight or Eyes afflicted with any pain HEat Lapis Calaminaris red hot and afterwards quench it in Plantain water or Whitewine the which after you have in the same manner done eight or nine times bruise into powder and putting it again into the water or wine it was quenched in add to it half a dram of Aloes and a quarter of an ounce of Camphire reduced into powder which water drop often into his eyes and therewith wash his eyelids A second particular receipt for the cure of soreness in the Eyes and taking away the Pin Web or any infirmity happening to the Eyes by Bruise Brush or the like ROast a Pullets Egg new laid till it become hard then cutting it in sunder long ways take out the yolk and filling the empty place with white Vitriol beaten into powder close the shells together binding them about with a paper and again put them into hot embers till the Vitriol be dissolved then putting them into a Mortar beat and bruise them to mash then strain what remains liquid through a fine cloath and with it wash the Eyes of your Horse twice a day or instead of Vitriol you may use the powder of Myrrh hang the Egg up and suffering it to drop by degrees both of which being exceeding good and most approved remedies for the grievances aforesaid An excellent receipt for taking away any spot in a Horses Eye HAving roasted an Egg into which you have put fine Ginger and Salt and it by the fire made exceeding hard beat into powder at what time having washed the Horses Eyes with eybright water or the juice of Alehoof otherwise called ground-Ivy with a quill blow into the eye grieved as much of the powder as will lie upon a two pence and in so doing five or six times the spot will vanish To take away a Wart on the inside or edge of a Horses Eylid c. MIx burnt Alum and unburnt Copperas beaten into fine powder and well sierced which apply to the head of the Wart and it will cause it to fall away For the clearing and restoring foul or sore eyes when the sight is in most danger an excellent cure MElt Pitch Rosin Mastick and Tachamahaca of each two ounces then dipping Flax or fine Wooll into it lay two parcels plaisterwise to the breadth of half a Crown on either Temple then with a round Iron upon his cheek bone under his eyes burn three or four holes suppleing them then with sweet butter after which having washed a good handful of Cellendine in Whitewine bruise and strain it adding to the juice a third proportion of Womans Milk sweetned with white Sugarcandy well pulverized and sierced and with it Morning and Evening wash and cleanse his Eyes and the putrefaction will not only cease to flow but the sight be wonderfully restored The cause of a Horses often bleeding at the Nose and how to prevent it or stay it c. AMongst young Horses bleeding at the Nose happens by the large quantity of blood they contain which swells and frets the veins that end in that place till it either open them or force its passage by breaking them which proceeds from a corroding humour in the blood which pierceth or eateth the vein in the thinnest place It is likewise occasioned by a stroak cut or any think forcibly thrust up the Nostrils too much straining and the like To prevent which before it happens or stay it when it flows To prevent bleeding at the Nose often burn Frankincense or Assa fetida under his Nose in a Chafingdish and squirt up his Nostrils juice of Houseleek or juice of Garlick To stay bleeding the juice of young Nettles sweetned with Loaf-sugar and squirted up his nostrils is a sure expedient or if that fail
which in the Farriers is a great defect for he ought to be very wary in burning the flesh with hot Oyls or other applications too near the bone or any sinew sometimes also this Malady happens through the gauling and fretting of a fetlock To cure it upon the top of the excretion make a slit a quarter of an inch then raising with your cornet the skin from the flesh hollow it round about the place grieved into which hollowness thrust Lint dipped in the Oyl of Origanum and upon it lay a plaister of Paracelsus suffering it to continue till it rot and nature cast out both the Lint and Core or opening it if you lay roasted Elecampain roots to it it will take away the grievance Kibed heals the cause and cure THis Sorrance is known by a Scab breeding somewhat above the under joynt overthwart the Fettlock and is divers ways occasioned as by your Horses running in cold ground after a hard journey immoderate labour or neglect of the Keeper in not cleansing his feet and legs of the dirt contracted in the joynts which causeth the legs to sweell especially in winter when the ways are deep To cure this take the tender tops of Elder buds Blackberry bush-buds ere they bloom boyl them in the wort of new Ale adding thereto the whites of two new laid Eggs and half an ounce of Allum with which wash the place grieved morning and evening If this should fail take tryed Hogs-grease two ounces the like quantity of Gunpowder and mixing them well together daily anoint the place grieved for the space of six days and it will effect the cure if you be careful to keep your Horses feet and legs from Rain or other wet Kernels under the Chaul the cause and cure THis grievance incident to Horses is occasioned by heats and colds mostly taken by the neglect of those that have the Horse in charge the which if not timely prevented turns to the Glaunders To cure it give your Horse a convenient scouring the dose being made of Alloes fresh butter and the powder of Agarick giving him at once a ball thereof as big as a Pigeons Egg and afterward trot or amble him a mile or two and then bringing him to his Stable cloath him and keep him warm permitting him to fast two or three hours at the expiration of which give him a knop of Hay or if you can procure it a Mash of Malt very warm Lasks Looseness or open flux of a Horses Body the cause and cure THis distemper incident to Horses frequently rendering them weak and infirm is mostly occasioned by cold unseasonably taken though some times by Cholerick humours descending upon the Liver or the overflowing of the Gall which penetrates the Bowels by insensible ways at other times by drinking excess of cold water upon a full stomach which generates evil humours or by drinking cold water when hot or travailing too hard eating Hens dung or with the Provender licking up Feathers Spiders or any nauseous thing To cure which take flower of Garden Beans three ounces three ounces of Bolearmoniack and a quart of Stale-Beer to which add a quarter of a pint of red wine making them pretty hot and mixing them well give the Horse grieved to the quantity of a pint morning and evening for six days successively If the Lasks be violent use this medicine viz. of Allum and Bolearmoniack pulverized each an ounce put them into a quart of new-milk brewing it to and fro till it be sufficiently curdled and then making it blood-warm give it him to drink If the scouring be violent take the intralls of a Pullet omitting nothing but the Gizard dipping them when smalled by shreading in Oyl of Spicknard and so thrust them down your Horses throat by degrees and it will not only stay the scouring but the bloody flux notwithstanding if the bloody-flux be predominant take Saffron one ounce two of Myrrh three of Southernwood one of Parsly three of Rue two of Spittlewort and Hyssop one of Cassa and adding to them a quart of wine Vinegar and half a pound of the powder of Chalk bruise them well and then boyl them till they come to a thickness sufficient to be made into little cakes which cakes give your Horse dissolved in Whitewine or Stale-Beer well warmed morning and evening and in a day or two it will cause the Efflux of blood to stay and ease the pain in the bowels or bladder which is occasioned for want of staling Leprosie its cause and cure THis Loathsome distemper is known by a running Scab or Manginess spreading all over the body occasioned by Melancholy humours corrupt blood so made by excessive heats surfeits or unwholsome Provender and this grievance for the most part is first seen about the neck which becomes raw thereby and unseemly being altogether infectious insomuch that it is extreamly catching To cure this distemper take an ounce of Allum eight ounces of green Copperas an ounce of cut Tobacco free from stalks and boyl them well in a quart of spring water till the water is near half consumed and then as warm as the Horse can suffer it supple with the remaining part of the liquor the place grieved having first rubbed off the scabs and so do twice a day letting the Horse stand at the Rack a considerable time after If the Leprosie be inclinable to Mangie which it mostly is if occasioned by a surfeit then let your Horse blood and having rubbed off the Scabs or scurfe put together two ounces of Verdigrease and eight of Vinegar a pint of Cows Stale and a like quantity of Train Oyl and having bruised a handful of wild Tansie put it amongst the liquids adding moreover four ounces of Brimstone flower the like quantity of Roach-allum and of Bolearmoniack boiling together all the ingredients and putting amongst them about a pint of the Horses blood wash the place grieved with the liquor as hot as he can indure it and afterwards cloath him warm and in so doing six or seven times the cure will be perfected unless the infection has reached his internals the which if it has you must give him Diapente drink which will render him more liable to be cured The cause and cure of the distemper in a Horse called the Low-worm and the symptoms by which it may be known THis distemper is by many taken for St. Anthonies fire or the Shingles but indeed is caused by a worm in the back of the Horse bred between the flesh and the back bone often running along the neck till it tainteth the Brain at what time the Horse frequently falls mad which many Farriers mistaking for the staggers apply frequently the wrong medicine even to the destruction of the Horse The symptoms by which it may be distinguished are these viz. After a long journy the Horse will refuse his meat be troubled with sickness and suddain pains in his back which will cause him to shrink it up and again to
and by renewing it once or twice the Cure will be effected If afflicted with Aposthumes take a handful of Marsh Mallows two ounces of Lineseed two ounces of the powder of Gallnuts an ounce of the juice of White-Andoreu and two ounces of Wood-Soot boyl them in a quart of Whitewine and laying them Pultiss-wise to the place grieved it will not only break the swelling but bring away the putrefaction and render your beast whole If he be troubled with boyls or mattering Ulcers take an ounce of Leaven two roots of Whitelillies of Sea-Onion an ounce and a pint of Vinegar bruise the roots and Leaven and putting them into the Vinegar boyl them well then let him blood in the neck vein and apply the aforesaid simples pultess-wise to the place grieved and the Pultess so made will not only disperse the humours but by often application cure the Sorrances especially if you wash them with Chamberly at each renewing If with the Head-Ache the beast be afflicted take a root of Garlick boyl it when bruised in half a pint of Whitewine and having pretty well cooled it hold up his head and pour it into his Nostrils suffering him to keep it there for a quarter of an hour after that burn Storax dried Rue and Savin under his Nose and give him a quart of warm Ale wherein Rosemary has been boyled to drink and in so doing this afflicting pain will vanish If he be troubled with Humour or Rheum which is known by the running of his Eyes or Nostrils want of Stomach or laving his Ears Take Rue a handful a a like quantity of Lawrel leaves a root of Garlick and a handful of Salt boyl them in a quart of Whitewine or Beer strain out the liquid part and give it the Beast fasting perfuming his Nostrils at the same time by burning Assa fetida If he be Hidebound having chafed the place well with hard wisps take Oyl of Cammomil Hogs-lard a pound Olive Oyl a pint Whitewine a quart boyl them together and bath him therewith as hot as can be indured frequently repeating it and then bind him about with wet Hay-bands and by this means the skin will loosen and stretch and the Beast which by reason of that restraint was poor will become fat Diseases incident to the Eyes of this sort of Cattle and direction in order to the Cure IF the Eyes of the Beast be swollen take two handfuls of Wheat-flower two ounces of Hony an ounce of the juice of Cellendine and as much water as will make them into a plaister the which apply to the Eyes so swollen and at the same time let the beast blood under the Tongue If he be troubled with weeping or Rhumatick Eyes take an ounce of Bolearmoniack two ounces of Wildparsniproot an ounce of eye-bright-Eye-bright-water as much meal-flower and a like quantity of Hony add to them a quarter of a pint of Whitewine apply them well tempered together in the nature of a plaister and they will drive back the Rheum or any flowing Humours If the Eyes matter which is occasion'd by the congealing of the humours before they descend Then take of Saffron two Drams Frankincense an ounce and the like quantity of Myrrh boyl them in a pint of Whitewine give him one half up his Nostrils and with the other anoint his Eyes and the tough and vicious humours will break and avoid at the Nostrils leaving the sight perfect as at first If the Eyes be dark and cloudy so that the sight is rendred imperfect take white sugarcandy burnt Bone and burnt Allum beat them to powder and blow them into the beasts Eyes and by frequently so doing he will be marvelously clear sighted If there appear shales or nails as some call them on the Eyes take an ounce of Hony half an ounce of Bolearmoniack an ounce of Stonesalt and a like quantity of the juice of Baum or Mint boyl them into an eye-Eye-water in a pint of running-water and wash the beasts Eyes therewith three or four times a day till you perceive the imperfection is vanished If any Spots Pins Webs or the like appear in the Eyes Take Alabaster beat it to powder and frequently blow it into the Eye and afterwards that is about an hour after each blowing wash it with the juice of Housleek and Strawberry-leaves if you can get them if not with White-wine wherein Parsly has been concocted or boyled and for what other distempers are incident to the Eyes of this sort of cattle I refer you to the cures prescribed for the like defects in Horses Eyes to which the Table will direct you Cures for any distemper in the Lungs or therefrom proceeding as Cough Cold Consumption difficulty of breathing c. as also for Agues Fevers Sickness occasioned through swallowing a Horse-leech or venomous Grub pains of the Belly and Wind-colick MOst afflictions of the Lungs proceed from foul or unwholsome lying which generating store of crude raw humours they descend upon the Lungs corrupting and afflicting them wherefore as soon as you perceive any defect therein make a Drench of a quart of Mallago two ounces of Liquorish-powder and a like quantity of Anniseeds Fennegreekseeds and Hony give it the beast exceeding warm If the Cough have already seized him take Wheat-flower a handful Poppyseeds two drams two new laid Eggs a handful of Bean-flower and half a handful of Mugwort boyl them in a gallon of Ale and give him a quart at a time for four mornings successively during his being fasting If the Cough be old add thereto Hyssop one handful and half an ounce of Alloes Pegging his duelap or Ear with black Hellebore vulgarly called Bears foot and in so doing you will cure not only Cough Consumption difficulty of breathing and the like but all other distempers incident to the Lungs if they are not wasted too much If the beast be afflicted with the Ague which you may know by his Melancholy the beating of his veins dullness and swelling of his Eyes driveling shivering and the like suffer him to fast twenty four hours then let him blood in the Neck and Tail take a handful of Burrs or Burdockleaves a like quantity of Mayweed half a pint of Linseed Oyl a pickled Herring bruised boyl them in two quarts of Vinegar adding two ounces of Mustardseed and having strained out the liquid part give it him warm feeding him afterwards with green and moist meats and in so doing five or six mornings every other day it will cure either Ague or Fevour observing that you let him blood but once If the beast in drink has swallowed a Horseleech or in eating licked up a Grub Spider or any venomous Insect by which his body is swelled and distempered even to bursting Take of Olive Oyl a pint Vinegar or Whitewine half a pint dried Figs two ounces Rue a handful Milk a pint boyl them together strain out the liquid part give it him hot and keep him moving but if he swell through excessive
the weather be excessive hot let them blood as soon as you perceive them stagger or turn round by slitting the nose vein a cross then take a handful of Baum Mint and Rue boyl them in a quart of small beer and suffering the liquid part to cool give it the beast to drink and so do morning and evening for two days successively If there happen a defect in the Cud take a handful of Wheatflower a spoonful of Baysalt and as much sharp Vinegar as will make the flower into little balls two or three of which thrust down the beasts throat fasting and in so doing twice or thrice the Cud will be restored If with the Ague being a Ram or Ewe blood him or her between the Claws as well behind as before not suffering any cold water to be drunk for Twenty four hours at the end of which boyl a Root of Garlick an ounce of Pepper and a handful of Bettony and Wood-forrel in a pint of Whitewine and a quart of spring-spring-water then straining forth the liquid part give it the beast lukewarm and so do for three or four days and the Ague will vanish but if it be a Lamb give him a pint of the Ewes milk wherein Polipodium of the Oak and Chubebs have been boyled If with Rheums or Catarrhs caused by abundant humour in the body of the beast then burn under their noses Assa ferida the bark of Elder and Tamarisk giving him Ale wherein Licorish and Rubarb have been boyled and suffer him not to be abroad in the wet If the Sheep be troubled with specks Films Rheums or the like in the Eyes Take a handful of Eye-bright an ounce of Lupins three or four sprigs of Cellendine and half an ounce of Bithwort Roots boyl them in Ewes milk and strain the liquid part with which wash the grieved Eyes after you have blowen into them the powder of burnt Eggshell and Allum If with pains in the Teeth bleed the Gums or upper lip rubbing the place with Salt and the juice of Sage If afflicted with Aposthumes or Ulcers draw them to a head with Riemeal ground Ivy and the yolks of Eggs Launce them when ripe and put into the hole burnt Allum and salt covering them with a plaister of Burgundia pitch If with Boils melt Brimstone Pitch and Bees-wax boyl them in Vinegar and adding powder of Gall Nuts to them lay them plaisterwise to the Sorrance Saint Anthonies Fire Rot or Plague Diseases of the Lungs Scab or Itch Cough Swallowing Spiders or any venom and Belly swelling their respective cures SAint Anthonies-fire called the wild fire is very hurtful to sheep To cure which take Bolearmoniack Turpentine Deers suet Soot and the juice of Housleek and after having boyled them or melted them wash the Place with Goats milk and apply them plaisterwise giving him at the same time water wherein salt and butter have been boyled To cure the Rot or Plague take a handful of the herb Melliot as much Comfry Polipodium of the Oak Rue Vervine and Walnut-tree-leaves a like quantity boyl them in a quart of water and a pint of Aquavitae adding an ounce of Mithridate giving the Liquid part to the beast so afflicted For the Scab or Itch Take Soot the stalks of Tobaco Brimstone-flower and Fern roots boyl them in Chamberly and wash the Place grieved with the liquid part Morning and Evening To cure the disease in the Lungs take a handful of Sage a like quantity of Coltsfoot as much Parsly and Purslain a Root of Garlick an ounce of Mithridate and two ounces of Hony boyl them in a quart of Whitewine and give them to the grieved beast lukewarm at twice viz. Morning and Evening To cure the cough or shortness of breath take Cuminseed Fennegreekseed and the powder of Liquorish of each two ounces a handful of Coltsfoot three ounces of the Oyl of sweet-Almonds boyl them in a quart of stale-bear and give the liquid part to drink in the morning fasting to the afflicted beast If the Sheep have swallowed any venomous thing which causes them to swell warm strong Vinegar and Olive Oyl and pour down their throats If their bellies swell which is mostly occasioned by eating unwholesom herbs let them blood under the Tail and give them to drink water wherein Rue and Chammomile have been boiled Lame Claws Maggots and Lice broken or bruised joints c. how to order IF the Claw be lame over-grown or broken you must pair it and apply to it a plaister of Bees-wax Rosin unslacked Lime and Hogs-grease and binding it up warm it will soon recover To kill Maggots or Lice use water wherein Tar Burdock and Briony roots have been boiled And to any broken or bruised joynt apply a pultis of Chammomil Marsh-mallows Bettony Bugloss and Honysuckle leaves stamped and fried in Hoggs-grease apply it hot and bind it up warm And thus much for sheep those most useful and necessary creatures in feeding and cloathing mankind A TREATISE OF SWINE The Marks whereby to know a good breed and how to procure it THe Bore that is capable of getting a good breed must be chosen by the following Marks viz. his mouth drawn upwards and long his breast thick and broad as likewise his shoulders his Thighs great and short his colour white with sandy-spots being near as thick as long his bristles thick and stiff and his stones well and even hung Let your Sow designed for a breeder have a long body a large and lank belly many Teats broad Buttocks long and broad Ribs her Head little Snout long and legs short hair white and soft and in thus chusing your breed will in all things answer your expectations When the Sow ought to be covered the time of Spaying and Gelding and how with little charge to make Swine fat WHen by the mark aforesaid you have stored your self with a good Sow and Bore the former being a year old and upwards and the latter between three and four years put them together in the increase of the Moon having first driven the Sow into water up to the belly suffer the Bore to serve her three times or more if she take it not kindly at the first after which take the Bore from her and keep her in a warm yard or house if it be in the winter time giving her Granes Bran Mast Pease Beans and now and then Roots and green-leaves the most convenient Month for her to take Bore in is February that so the Farrow may come in warm weather for those that come in Winter are either stunted or troubled with diseases Geld your Pigs at two or three months old if you would have the Bacon extraordinary sweet but the Hog will be of a larger growth and much fatter if his Stones continue with him till a year old and the best Gelding time is when the Moon is in the wain either in the Spring or Fall to do this take the Pig or Hog and slit his Cods one by one