this_o kind_n that_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n i_o shall_v add_v only_o by_o and_o by_o the_o product_n of_o a_o more_o recent_a trial_n 2._o as_o far_o as_o i_o have_v hitherto_o observe_v those_o ferruginous_a water_n that_o be_v not_o heavy_a than_o common_a water_n and_o in_o most_o drinker_n prove_v but_o diuretic_n afford_v but_o very_o little_a caput_n mortuum_n or_o dry_a substance_n upon_o the_o total_a evaporation_n of_o the_o liquor_n whereas_o mineral_n water_n that_o be_v purge_v and_o manifest_o more_o ponderous_a in_o specie_fw-la then_o common_a water_n leave_v upon_o evaporation_n a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o residence_n tho'_o some_o far_o less_o than_o other_o 3._o at_o once_o to_o explain_v and_o partly_o prove_v what_o i_o have_v be_v say_v i_o shall_v here_o recite_v that_o from_o a_o pound_n of_o barnet_n water_n which_o be_v know_v to_o be_v purgative_a slow_o evaporate_v we_o obtain_v a_o dram_n of_o white_a powder_n but_o from_o the_o like_a quantity_n of_o tunbridge_n water_n we_o obtain_v but_o about_o one_o grain_n of_o caput_n mortuum_n and_o if_o i_o misremember_v not_o we_o have_v but_o about_o a_o grain_n and_o a_o half_a from_o 25._o ounce_n of_o the_o german_a spa_n water_n 4._o it_o may_v seem_v scarce_o credible_a to_o many_o that_o so_o small_a a_o quantity_n of_o matter_n of_o which_o perhaps_o not_o one_o half_a be_v saline_n or_o metalline_a the_o rest_n be_v teresstrial_a shall_v impart_v a_o manifest_a virtue_n to_o so_o great_a a_o proportion_n of_o water_n but_o this_o difficulty_n do_v not_o much_o trouble_v i_o who_o have_v purposely_o make_v divers_a experiment_n to_o discover_v how_o small_a a_o proportion_n of_o mineral_n matter_n may_v suffice_v when_o dissolve_v to_o impregnate_n common_a water_n i_o remember_v i_o take_v one_o grain_n of_o iron_n stone_n casual_o find_v near_o the_o spring_n at_o islington_n from_o which_o mineral_n it_o be_v probable_a those_o water_n derive_v their_o virtue_n this_o be_v open_v by_o the_o fire_n and_o dissolve_v as_o far_o as_o it_o will_v be_v in_o a_o little_a spirit_n of_o salt_n we_o let_v fall_v a_o drop_n or_o two_o of_o the_o yellowish_a solution_n into_o a_o great_a proportion_n of_o infusion_n of_o gall_n to_o which_o it_o present_o give_v a_o deep_a colour_n than_o tunbridge_n water_n or_o even_o the_o german_a spa_n water_n be_v wont_a to_o give_v here_o at_o london_n with_o the_o powder_n of_o gall_n so_o that_o we_o guess_v that_o if_o we_o have_v then_o have_v at_o hand_n a_o competent_a quantity_n of_o the_o infusion_n the_o remain_a part_n of_o the_o martial_a solution_n will_v have_v be_v able_a to_o colour_v ten_o time_n a_o great_a quantity_n of_o the_o infusion_n than_o our_o trial_n be_v make_v upon_o this_o will_v be_v easy_o believe_v by_o he_o that_o shall_v consider_v a_o experiment_n we_o afterward_o make_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n which_o be_v this_o we_o dissolve_v a_o half_a grain_n of_o a_o good_a marcasite_n take_v up_o not_o far_o from_o london_n in_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o spirit_n of_o niter_n which_o for_o a_o certain_a reason_n i_o make_v choice_n of_o tho'_o other_o acid_n menstruum_n as_o aquafortis_n and_o spirit_n of_o salt_n will_v have_v dissolve_v the_o mineral_n this_o small_a solution_n we_o put_v into_o a_o pound_n of_o pretty_a high_a tincture_n of_o gall_n make_v by_o infuse_v they_o in_o common_a water_n and_o find_v as_o we_o expect_v that_o this_o mixture_n grow_v very_o dark_a we_o fill_v a_o vial_n with_o it_o and_o empty_v that_o vial_n into_o a_o large_a glass_n we_o fill_v the_o same_o vial_n three_o time_n with_o common_a water_n to_o dilute_v it_o notwithstanding_o which_o this_o new_a mixture_n be_v put_v into_o one_o of_o our_o usual_a glass_n appear_v of_o a_o colour_n much_o deep_a than_o that_o which_o the_o water_n of_o tunbridge_n or_o the_o german_a spa_n have_v former_o give_v with_o the_o powder_n of_o gall_n so_o that_o probable_o if_o another_o vial_n of_o common_a water_n have_v be_v add_v it_o will_v yet_o have_v afford_v a_o purple_a colour_n if_o not_o a_o deep_a so_o that_o one_o part_n of_o dissolve_v marcasite_n communicate_v a_o tincture_n to_o 61440_o sixty_o one_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o and_o forty_o part_n of_o infusion_n of_o gall_n and_o that_o which_o make_v this_o experiment_n more_o considerable_a be_v that_o this_o small_a quantity_n of_o marcasite_n be_v not_o itself_o all_o martial_a or_o metalline_a for_o from_o our_o english_a marcasite_n as_o well_o as_o other_o i_o have_v obtain_v a_o pretty_a quantity_n of_o sulphur_n like_o common_a sulphur_n beside_o that_o they_o afford_v a_o not_o despicable_a quantity_n of_o terrestrial_a substance_n about_o who_o nature_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o satisfy_v myself_o 5._o i_o shall_v now_o add_v this_o reflection_n that_o since_o the_o marcasite_n impregnate_v so_o much_o water_n with_o its_o corporeal_a part_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v they_o obtain_v by_o bare_a dissolution_n it_o seem_v high_o probable_a that_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o liquor_n may_v be_v impregnate_v by_o a_o far_o less_o quantity_n of_o mineral_n matter_n attenuate_v into_o a_o kind_n of_o spirituous_a slate_n by_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o form_n of_o fume_n or_o exhalation_n and_o that_o imperfect_a or_o embryonated_a iron_n may_v be_v so_o will_v scarce_o be_v deny_v by_o they_o that_o consider_v the_o way_n that_o i_o have_v in_o another_o paper_n deliver_v to_o make_v iron_n manifest_o emit_v copious_a fume_n without_o the_o help_n of_o external_a fire_n and_o if_o it_o be_v with_o some_o such_o spirituous_a and_o volatile_a exhalation_n that_o a_o mineral_n water_n as_o that_o of_o tunbridge_n or_o of_o islington_n be_v impregnate_v it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o conceive_v that_o they_o may_v easy_o lose_v their_o chief_a virtue_n by_o the_o avolation_n of_o most_o or_o many_o of_o their_o fugitive_a part_n upon_o their_o be_v remove_v to_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o spring_n head_n and_o to_o make_v it_o probable_a that_o vitriolate_a corpuscle_n may_v be_v make_v to_o ascend_v without_o lose_v their_o nature_n i_o shall_v here_o mention_v a_o experiment_n that_o i_o devise_v to_o give_v some_o light_n in_o this_o matter_n i_o have_v often_o find_v by_o trial_n that_o a_o spirit_n rich_o impregnate_v with_o volatilise_v sulphur_n will_v with_o vitriol_n whether_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o powder_n or_o a_o solution_n produce_v in_o a_o trice_n a_o very_a dark_a or_o blackish_a colour_n and_o guess_v that_o in_o mercury_n turn_v by_o the_o addition_n of_o salt_n and_o vitriol_n into_o corrosive_a sublimate_n many_o of_o the_o vitriolate_a corpuscle_n may_v ascend_v with_o the_o mercurial_a one_o i_o take_v such_o a_o volatile_a sulphureous_a tincture_n as_o i_o have_v be_v mention_v which_o for_o this_o purpose_n ought_v to_o be_v deep_a and_o have_v drop_v it_o upon_o good_a sublimate_n i_o find_v it_o turn_v present_o of_o a_o very_a opacous_a colour_n to_o show_v also_o that_o to_o make_v a_o great_a dilatation_n or_o dispersion_n of_o the_o martial_a corpuscle_n of_o a_o ore_n or_o mineral_n there_o need_v no_o spirit_n of_o salt_n or_o the_o like_a distil_a menstruum_fw-la i_o procure_v from_o a_o copperas-work_n or_o place_n where_o vitriol_n be_v make_v by_o art_n some_o of_o the_o liquor_n they_o employ_v before_o they_o cast_v in_o iron_n that_o be_v corrode_v by_o it_o it_o may_v increase_v the_o weight_n and_o give_v solidity_n and_o some_o other_o quality_n to_o the_o design_a vitriol_n now_o thó_n this_o liquor_n be_v make_v without_o any_o chemical_a menstruum_fw-la bare_o by_o rain_n or_o snow-water_n that_o impregnate_v itself_o with_o saline_n or_o metalline_a particle_n in_o its_o passage_n through_o bed_n of_o marcasite_n that_o lie_v expose_v to_o the_o sun_n and_o air_n yet_o in_o this_o water_n such_o number_n of_o martial_a corpuscle_n be_v disperse_v that_o have_v shake_v four_o drop_n of_o it_o into_o 12_o ounce_n and_o a_o half_a of_o common_a water_n this_o liquor_n as_o i_o expect_v be_v thereby_o so_o impregnate_v that_o with_o powder_n of_o gall_n it_o present_o produce_v as_o deep_a a_o colour_n as_o good_a tunbridge_n water_n will_v have_v do_v so_o that_o suppose_v a_o drop_n of_o this_o liquor_n to_o weigh_v about_o a_o grain_n as_o by_o some_o trial_n purposely_o make_v we_o find_v it_o to_o do_v it_o appear_v that_o one_o part_n of_o the_o vitriolate_a water_n be_v able_a manifest_o to_o impregnate_n 1500_o part_n of_o common_a water_n and_o yet_o of_o these_o 4_o drop_n or_o grain_n of_o vitriolate_a liquor_n a_o considerable_a part_n may_v very_o probable_o be_v conclude_v from_o the_o way_n of_o its_o production_n to_o have_v be_v rain_n water_n as_o will_v easy_o be_v grant_v when_o i_o shall_v have_v add_v that_o to_o examine_v this_o supposition_n or_o
big_a exact_o stop_v by_o which_o mean_n i_o have_v they_o always_o in_o readiness_n to_o mingle_v with_o the_o mineral_n water_n and_o alter_v the_o colour_n of_o it_o if_o gall_n be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o almost_o in_o atrice_n whereas_o to_o draw_v the_o tincture_n of_o gall_n with_o simple_a water_n often_o take_v up_o several_a hour_n and_o the_o ting_a part_n be_v much_o weaken_v by_o be_v dilute_v by_o the_o menstruum_fw-la if_o you_o will_v have_v a_o tincture_n the_o powder_n of_o gall_n tie_v up_o close_o in_o a_o rag_n and_o with_o it_o hang_v in_o the_o liquor_n make_v the_o infusion_n less_o muddy_a if_o you_o be_v in_o haste_n and_o have_v none_o of_o the_o powder_n at_o hand_n you_o may_v scrape_v as_o much_o of_o a_o gall-apple_n as_o you_o need_v into_o the_o mineral_n water_n 2._o i_o have_v observe_v those_o part_n of_o the_o infusion_n of_o gall_n especial_o it_o make_v by_o heat_n that_o produce_v the_o new_a colour_n with_o ferruginous_a water_n to_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o fly_v away_o than_o one_o will_v think_v the_o infusion_n become_v often_o unfit_a to_o alter_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o martial_a water_n whilst_o yet_o itself_o appear_v sufficient_o high_a colour_v upon_o which_o account_n i_o choose_v to_o make_v a_o tincture_n of_o gall_n not_o long_o before_o i_o mind_n to_o use_v it_o and_o if_o i_o employ_v dry_a gall_n to_o take_v powder_n that_o be_v not_o stale_a 3._o it_o be_v no_o safe_a way_n and_o may_v be_v very_o erroneous_a that_o be_v usual_o take_v in_o mix_v gall_n or_o their_o infusion_n with_o the_o water_n to_o be_v explore_v so_o careless_o as_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v do_v for_o those_o that_o be_v curious_a to_o make_v good_a ink_n will_v easy_o believe_v that_o much_o of_o the_o deepness_n of_o the_o colour_n depend_v upon_o the_o proportion_n of_o gall_n to_o the_o other_o ingredient_n and_o according_o that_o by_o put_v a_o much_o great_a or_o a_o much_o lesser_a quantity_n of_o gall_n into_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o the_o mineral_n water_n the_o result_a colour_n may_v be_v more_o or_o less_o intense_a to_o obviate_v which_o inconvenience_n i_o take_v this_o course_n when_o the_o occasion_n deserve_v it_o i_o make_v my_o infusion_n of_o gall_n with_o a_o certain_a weight_n of_o the_o powder_n in_o a_o determinate_a weight_n of_o water_n as_o for_o instance_n i_o put_v about_o five_o gr_n of_o powder_a gall_n to_o sleep_v for_o so_o many_o hour_n in_o a_o ounce_n of_o water_n but_o if_o i_o make_v use_n of_o the_o dry_a powder_n than_o i_o be_o wont_a to_o put_v three_o or_o four_o grain_n into_o a_o ounce_n of_o the_o liquor_n to_o be_v examine_v which_o be_v a_o way_n far_o more_o certain_a than_o the_o common_a wherein_o the_o ingredient_n be_v aestimate_v but_o by_o guess_n i_o have_v have_v mention_v various_a proportion_n of_o powder_a gall_n to_o the_o same_o quantity_n of_o liquor_n because_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o there_o be_v real_o a_o great_a inequality_n among_o the_o mineral_n water_n in_o which_o it_o may_v be_v put_v and_o i_o have_v find_v by_o trial_n that_o in_o a_o ounce_n of_o the_o german_a spa_n a_o single_a grain_n of_o powder_n will_v immediate_o produce_v a_o sufficient_o deep_a purple_a colour_n it_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n that_o not_o only_a gall_n but_o the_o other_o drug_n hereafter_o to_o be_v mention_v impart_v a_o high_a tincture_n of_o their_o own_o to_o the_o common_a water_n they_o be_v infuse_v in_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v and_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v endeavour_v that_o we_o have_v some_o drugg_n that_o without_o impart_v a_o colour_n to_o the_o common_a water_n it_o impregnate_v will_v afford_v a_o infusion_n fit_a to_o strike_v a_o blackish_a or_o a_o purple_a colour_n with_o martial_a water_n though_o it_o be_v useful_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o employ_v gall_n to_o produce_v a_o colour_n in_o the_o mineral_n water_n propose_v for_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v know_v that_o usual_o though_o not_o always_o as_o i_o have_v try_v the_o same_o thing_n may_v be_v do_v but_o somewhat_o more_o faint_o with_o oaken_a leave_n we_o may_v successful_o enough_o substitute_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n some_o other_o astringent_a vegetable_n as_o dry_a red-rose_n leave_v the_o peel_n and_o as_o we_o have_v try_v the_o juice_n of_o pomegranate_n and_o what_o i_o find_v to_o be_v a_o notable_a styptic_a the_o blossom_n of_o the_o same_o plant_n which_o be_v vulgar_o call_v in_o the_o shop_n ballaustium_fw-la to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v myrobolan_n logwood_n and_o some_o other_o that_o need_v not_o now_o be_v mention_v who_o strong_a infusion_n have_v yield_v i_o a_o tincture_n very_o dark_a and_o blackish_a with_o some_o martial_a liquor_n 6._o in_o regard_n that_o the_o gall_n or_o other_o drug_n to_o be_v infuse_v in_o common_a water_n be_v not_o always_o of_o the_o same_o goodness_n or_o strength_n it_o be_v adviseable_a not_o so_o to_o trust_v to_o any_o determinate_a proportion_n of_o the_o pigment_n to_o the_o water_n as_o not_o to_o take_v in_o the_o help_n of_o the_o eye_n to_o judge_v by_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o tincture_n whether_o the_o liquor_n be_v due_o and_o not_o too_o much_o or_o too_o little_a impregnate_v 8._o whereas_o there_o be_v a_o intimation_n in_o the_o close_a of_o this_o thirteen_o article_n of_o the_o present_a sett_n of_o title_n that_o animal_n liquor_n may_v be_v employ_v to_o produce_v new_a colour_n with_o mineral_n water_n i_o give_v that_o hint_n not_o only_o because_o it_o be_v usual_o observe_v in_o martial_a water_n such_o as_o those_o of_o tunbridge_n the_o spa_n etc._n etc._n that_o the_o gross_a excrement_n of_o the_o low_a belly_n be_v blacken_v by_o a_o commixture_n of_o their_o metalline_a part_n but_o in_o tunbridge_n water_n particular_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o after_o the_o drink_n of_o large_a dose_n of_o they_o the_o root_n of_o the_o tongue_n and_o perhaps_o some_o neighbour_a part_n will_v also_o acquire_v a_o dark_a colour_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o transient_a liquor_n though_o the_o way_n of_o try_v mineral_n water_n by_o the_o change_n of_o colour_n that_o gall_n produce_v in_o they_o be_v useful_a and_o recommend_v by_o be_v easy_a cheap_a and_o expeditious_a yet_o i_o do_v not_o take_v it_o to_o be_v either_o of_o that_o extent_n or_o of_o that_o certainty_n that_o it_o be_v vulgar_o presume_v to_o be_v of_o for_o its_o main_a if_o not_o only_o considerable_a use_n be_v to_o discover_v by_o strike_v or_o not_o afford_v a_o black_a or_o blackish_a or_o at_o least_o a_o purple_a or_o a_o purplish_a colour_n with_o a_o mineral_n water_n to_o manifest_v the_o liquor_n to_o be_v or_o not_o to_o be_v either_o of_o a_o vitriolate_a or_o a_o ferruginous_a nature_n but_o there_o be_v divers_a metalline_a oar_n and_o other_o mineral_n body_n which_o not_o participate_v of_o iron_n will_v not_o by_o this_o way_n be_v discoverable_a and_o yet_o may_v strong_o impregnate_n the_o water_n propose_v as_o for_o example_n to_o try_v whether_o if_o arsenic_n be_v mingle_v with_o water_n gall_n will_v discover_v it_o by_o produce_v with_o it_o a_o dark_a colour_n i_o put_v some_o of_o the_o powder_n of_o they_o into_o a_o decoction_n of_o arsenic_n but_o do_v not_o perceive_v that_o it_o give_v the_o liquor_n any_o deep_a colour_n than_o it_o will_v have_v do_v to_o common_a water_n and_o as_o the_o extent_n of_o this_o explorer_n of_o water_n be_v not_o very_o great_a so_o neither_o do_v i_o find_v the_o information_n it_o give_v we_o to_o be_v so_o certain_a as_o they_o be_v presume_v for_o if_o i_o much_o misremember_v not_o i_o long_o since_o find_v upon_o trial_n purposely_o make_v that_o another_o body_n of_o a_o metalline_a nature_n and_o that_o do_v not_o partake_v of_o iron_n will_v with_o infusion_n of_o gall_n afford_v a_o very_a dark_a colour_n that_o may_v easy_o among_o ordinary_a beholder_n pass_v for_o the_o colour_n produce_v by_o a_o martial_a water_n and_o i_o do_v somewhat_o doubt_v whether_o so_o much_o as_o all_o liquor_n impregnate_v with_o iron_n will_v the_o discover_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o colour_n they_o afford_v with_o gall_n for_o i_o have_v sometime_o make_v such_o a_o liquor_n with_o no_o mineral_n substance_n in_o it_o save_o steel_n or_o iron_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v it_o will_v turn_v the_o infusion_n of_o gall_n either_o blackish_a or_o purple_a which_o make_v i_o suspect_n that_o these_o colour_n be_v afford_v only_o by_o such_o martial_a water_n as_o have_v be_v wrought_v upon_o more_o or_o less_o by_o some_o acid_n salt_n or_o fume_n 9_o unto_o these_o thing_n i_o shall_v add_v that_o i_o find_v that_o to_o be_v a_o mistake_n which_o be_v general_o
that_o of_o fennell_n seed_n &_o if_o it_o be_v that_o by_o its_o be_v or_o not_o be_v able_a to_o melt_v body_n of_o somewhat_o differ_v disposition_n to_o fusion_n as_o butte_n tallow_n bees-was_a etc._n etc._n or_o to_o coagulate_v the_o white_n of_o egg_n or_o to_o boil_v egg_n in_o the_o shell_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o plunge_v into_o the_o water_n propose_v or_o lest_o the_o whole_a ball_n or_o globulous_a part_n of_o a_o good_a hermetical_o seal_v thermoscope_n whereon_o the_o degree_n of_o cold_a and_o heat_n be_v careful_o mark_v note_n on_o the_o second_o title_n ii_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o a_o mineral_n water_n may_v be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o he_o that_o endeavonr_n to_o discover_v its_o nature_n not_o only_o as_o this_o knowledge_n enable_v he_o to_o distinguish_v the_o propose_a water_n from_o other_o but_o because_o it_o may_v afford_v he_o a_o considerable_a and_o double_a information_n for_o by_o compare_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o propose_a liquor_n with_o that_o of_o common_a water_n he_o may_v be_v in_o case_n the_o former_a be_v heavy_a as_o it_o usual_o happen_v to_o be_v assist_v to_o estimate_v what_o proportion_n of_o salt_n or_o martial_a or_o other_o mineral_n substance_n it_o be_v impregnate_v with_o and_o if_o it_o be_v very_a light_n and_o much_o more_o if_o it_o be_v light_a than_o common_a water_n he_o may_v probable_o conclude_v that_o the_o substance_n that_o impregnate_v it_o be_v either_o very_a small_a in_o quantity_n or_o proportion_n or_o be_v not_o near_o so_o gross_a as_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o other_o mineral_n water_n but_o of_o a_o spirituous_a and_o volatile_a nature_n which_o be_v a_o discovery_n of_o no_o small_a moment_n in_o this_o affair_n and_o thó_n that_o may_v seem_v a_o paradox_n which_o i_o here_o suppose_v that_o a_o water_n impregnate_v with_o a_o metalline_a or_o mineral_n substance_n shall_v be_v as_o light_v or_o even_o light_a than_o common_a water_n yet_o upon_o trial_n careful_o make_v i_o have_v find_v some_o mineral_n water_n as_o particular_o that_o of_o tunbridge_n well_o take_v up_o and_o tho'_o they_o be_v somewhat_o less_o light_a that_o of_o the_o german_a spa_n and_o of_o some_o of_o the_o islington_n spring_n to_o be_v manifest_o light_a than_o common_a water_n and_o some_o take_v up_o at_o tun_n bridge_n i_o find_v to_o be_v light_a than_o common_a water_n even_o purify_v by_o distillation_n and_o tho'_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o conceive_v yet_o i_o think_v it_o not_o impossible_a that_o a_o subterreneal_a substance_n that_o impregnate_v water_n shall_v be_v light_a in_o specie_fw-la than_o it_o but_o yet_o i_o will_v not_o refer_v this_o surprise_v levity_n in_o all_o case_n nor_o all_o of_o it_o in_o most_o case_n to_o the_o admixture_n of_o light_a corpuscle_n because_o some_o trial_n justify_v the_o suspicion_n i_o have_v that_o much_o of_o the_o comparative_a lightness_n proceed_v from_o this_o that_o the_o mineral_n water_n be_v imbue_v with_o a_o small_a quantity_n of_o vulgar_a or_o culinary_a salt_n than_o common_a water_n use_v to_o contain_v but_o yet_o these_o trial_n do_v not_o satisfy_v i_o that_o this_o paucity_n of_o common_a salt_n be_v the_o sole_a or_o adequate_a cause_n of_o the_o lightness_n of_o the_o mention_a water_n but_o to_o discover_v such_o minute_n difference_n one_o must_v have_v good_a instrument_n and_o indeed_o to_o speak_v free_o there_o be_v few_o upon_o who_o report_n i_o dare_v confident_o rely_v for_o the_o specific_a gravity_n of_o mineral_n water_n for_o to_o weigh_v liquor_n any_o thing_n exact_o there_o be_v requisite_a more_o heedfulness_n and_o more_o skill_n and_o better_a instrument_n than_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v meet_v with_o together_o and_o than_o we_o usual_o imagine_v and_o when_o physician_n and_o other_o weigh_v mineral_n water_n they_o be_v wont_n to_o do_v it_o in_o some_o apothecary_n or_o other_o trade_n man_v shop_n where_o if_o the_o balance_n be_v small_a the_o vessel_n and_o the_o water_n be_v common_o too_o heavy_a for_o they_o and_o oftentimes_o wrong_v they_o and_o if_o as_o be_v usual_a the_o bottle_n or_o other_o vessel_n be_v great_a they_o require_v far_o better_a balance_n than_o be_v usual_o employ_v in_o the_o shop_n of_o apothecary_n or_o grocer_n who_o balance_n a_o critical_a examiner_n will_v too_o often_o find_v to_o be_v far_o from_o be_v accurate_a insomuch_o that_o usual_o without_o at_o all_o alter_v the_o weight_n tho'_o perhaps_o not_o great_a one_o he_o may_v easy_o make_v which_o scale_n he_o please_v manifest_o preponderate_a and_o continue_v in_o that_o position_n and_o may_v as_o easy_o afterward_o give_v the_o other_o scale_v the_o same_o advantage_n the_o diligent_a and_o experience_a mathematician_n mersennus_n much_o complain_v of_o the_o difficulty_n he_o find_v to_o weigh_v liquor_n exact_o even_o by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o nice_a instrument_n the_o accurate_a way_n i_o know_v be_v by_o compare_v the_o differ_a weight_n that_o the_o same_o sink_a body_n have_v in_o common_a water_n and_o in_o the_o liquor_n propose_v but_o this_o way_n which_o i_o elsewhere_o circumstantial_o deliver_v require_v beside_o good_a instrument_n skill_n in_o hydrostaticks_n be_v practicable_a but_o by_o few_o and_o the_o way_n of_o compare_v water_n by_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a sink_n of_o the_o same_o cylinder_n or_o other_o swim_a body_n into_o they_o be_v scarce_o accurate_a enough_o wherefore_o i_o choose_v to_o make_v a_o very_a skilful_a artist_n blow_n at_o the_o flame_n of_o a_o great_a lamp_n a_o thin_a round_a vial_n with_o a_o flattish_a bottom_n that_o it_o may_v stand_v upright_o and_o be_v very_a light_n and_o this_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o neck_n as_o large_a as_o a_o goose_n quill_n draw_v very_o even_o into_o a_o hollow_a cylinder_n of_o above_o 3_o inch_n long_o and_o fit_v at_o the_o top_n with_o a_o little_a gap_n that_o hinder_v the_o water_n from_o ascend_v above_o the_o due_a height_n this_o glass_n contain_v ℥_o iiiss_n and_o 43_o grain_n of_o common_a water_n and_o yet_o when_o empty_a weigh_v but_o ʒvi+_n 42_o grain_n so_o that_o i_o can_v use_v it_o when_o full_a of_o liquor_n in_o such_o a_o balance_n that_o the_o addition_n or_o detraction_n of_o half_a a_o grain_n or_o less_o will_v make_v either_o scale_n preponderate_a the_o length_n and_o evenness_n of_o the_o stem_n be_v design_v for_o use_n not_o needful_a to_o be_v mention_v here_o where_o it_o may_v suffice_v for_o my_o purpose_n to_o say_v that_o this_o glass_n be_v judge_v capable_a of_o hold_v water_n enough_o for_o not_o uncurious_a trial_n and_o yet_o not_o to_o be_v tho'_o well_o fill_v too_o heavy_a for_o a_o tender_a balance_n in_o this_o vessel_n herefore_o we_o careful_o weigh_v several_a liquor_n who_o gravity_n belong_v not_o to_o this_o place_n and_o among_o they_o diverse_a mineral_n water_n some_o of_o which_o at_o least_o know_v here_o at_o london_n be_v find_v to_o be_v of_o the_o annex_v weight_n the_o glass_n be_v fill_v with_o several_a liquor_n to_o the_o same_o height_n and_o weigh_v in_o the_o same_o balance_n  _fw-fr ounce_n d_o gr_n common_a water_n be_v find_v to_o weigh_v 3_o 4_o 43_o common_a water_n distil_v 3_o 4_o 41_o acton_n water_n 3_o 4_o 48_o ½_o epsom_n water_n 3_o 4_o 51_o dulledge_n water_n 2_o 4_o 54_o straton_n water_n 3_o 4_o 55_o barnet_n water_n 3_o 4_o 52_o north-hall_n water_n 3_o 4_o 50_o the_o german_a spa_n water_n 3_o 4_o 40_o tunbridge_n water_n 3_o 4_o 38_o islington_n water_n from_o the_o music_n house_n 3_o 4_o 36_o islington_n water_n from_o the_o vault_n with_o step_n 3_o 4_o 39_o islington_n water_n from_o the_o cellar_n 3_o 4_o 39_o by_o this_o short_a account_n it_o may_v appear_v that_o as_o divers_a mineral_n water_n that_o contain_v salt_n in_o they_o be_v considerable_o heavy_a than_o common_a water_n so_o some_o especial_o ferruginous_a water_n be_v impregnate_v with_o so_o fine_a a_o substance_n as_o to_o be_v light_a than_o common_a water_n note_n on_o the_o four_o title_n iv._o this_o article_n may_v in_o divers_a case_n give_v some_o light_n to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o kind_n of_o soil_n through_o which_o the_o water_n have_v pass_v and_o be_v also_o useful_a to_o distinguish_v the_o spontaneous_a residence_n if_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o that_o the_o liquor_n le_fw-fr we_o fall_v by_o mere_a stand_n from_o that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o caput_fw-la mortuum_n that_o remain_v after_o the_o total_a evaporation_n of_o the_o water_n by_o which_o mean_v also_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o last_o residence_n may_v be_v more_o true_o know_v beside_o some_o other_o mineral_n water_n i_o find_v that_o the_o german_a spa_n water_n bring_v very_o well_o stop_v to_o london_n afford_v by_o
conjecture_n we_o slow_o evaporate_v some_o ounce_n of_o the_o vitriolate_a liquor_n and_o find_v that_o the_o remain_v dry_a substance_n do_v not_o full_o amount_v to_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o whole_a at_o which_o rate_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o conclude_v that_o one_o grain_n of_o vitriolate_a substance_n will_v have_v be_v sound_a capable_a of_o so_o impregnate_v six_o thousand_o time_n its_o weight_n of_o common_a water_n as_o to_o make_v it_o sit_v to_o produce_v with_o gall_n a_o purple_a tincture_n we_o afterward_o find_v upon_o trial_n purposely_o and_o wary_o make_v that_o the_o experiment_n will_v hold_v tho'_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o water_n to_o the_o grain_n of_o ting_a substance_n shall_v exceed_v that_o late_o mention_v by_o the_o weight_n of_o some_o hundred_o of_o grain_n title_n for_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o a_o mineral_n water_n propose_v consider_v as_o a_o medicine_n be_v the_o iii_o part_n of_o the_o design_a work_n sect_n vi_o though_o the_o effect_n of_o a_o mineral_n water_n upon_o humane_a body_n as_o well_o as_o upon_o other_o subject_n may_v challenge_v a_o place_n in_o the_o natural_a history_n of_o it_o yet_o because_o the_o title_n of_o this_o three_o part_n of_o this_o scheme_n for_o the_o most_o part_n direct_o regard_v the_o cure_n or_o prevention_n of_o disease_n which_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v the_o proper_a office_n of_o physician_n as_o such_o i_o forbear_v to_o make_v any_o comment_n upon_o the_o particular_a title_n of_o this_o part_n of_o our_o historical_a idea_n content_v myself_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o those_o that_o be_v stranger_n to_o platform_n of_o natural_a history_n to_o have_v set_v down_o a_o series_n of_o title_n which_o may_v point_v out_o to_o they_o what_o particular_n may_v be_v fit_a for_o their_o inquiry_n and_o furnish_v they_o with_o head_n whereto_o they_o may_v refer_v and_o receptacle_n wherein_o they_o may_v lodge_v what_o upon_o trial_n or_o otherwise_o they_o shall_v meet_v with_o worthy_a of_o observation_n and_o so_o the_o account_n that_o shall_v be_v give_v on_o these_o subject_n may_v be_v somewhat_o more_o distinct_a and_o less_o incomplete_a to_o what_o temperament_n and_o constitution_n the_o mineral_n water_n propose_v be_v the_o most_o proper_a to_o what_o less_o proper_a and_o to_o what_o noxious_a or_o inconvenient_a in_o what_o state_v disease_n and_o in_o what_o particular_a case_n the_o mineral_n water_n be_v proper_a or_o to_o be_v suspect_v of_o be_v dangerous_a if_o not_o certain_o hurtful_a what_o difference_n there_o be_v if_o any_o between_o the_o water_n take_v up_o and_o present_o drink_v at_o the_o spring_n itself_o or_o other_o receptacle_n and_o that_o which_o be_v carry_v to_o some_o distance_n off_o whether_o in_o open_a or_o in_o well_o stop_v vessel_n of_o the_o manifest_a operation_n of_o the_o water_n in_o those_o that_o take_v it_o whether_o it_o be_v by_o vomit_n by_o siege_n by_o urine_n by_o several_a or_o by_o two_o or_o all_o of_o these_o wave_n whether_o any_o occult_a virtue_n or_o other_o hide_a quality_n can_v be_v discover_v in_o the_o mineral_n water_n and_o if_o any_o what_o what_o variation_n in_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o mineral_n water_n proceed_v from_o its_o be_v drink_v all_o of_o it_o quite_o cold_a or_o hot_a or_o lukewarm_a or_o one_o part_n when_o it_o be_v in_o one_o of_o those_o temper_n and_o the_o rest_n when_o in_o another_o of_o promote_a or_o facilitate_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o water_n in_o some_o by_o take_v it_o in_o bed_n and_o in_o other_o by_o moderate_a exercise_n what_o assistance_n may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o operation_n of_o the_o water_n by_o give_v with_o it_o especial_o in_o the_o first_o draught_n something_o to_o make_v it_o pass_v the_o better_a or_o to_o correct_v its_o crudity_n or_o to_o strengthen_v the_o stomach_n and_o bowel_n what_o advantage_n may_v accrue_v from_o prepare_v the_o patient_n body_n before_o he_o enter_v upon_o his_o course_n of_o drink_v the_o water_n and_o what_o inconvenience_n may_v attend_v the_o neglect_n of_o such_o preparation_n especial_o in_o gross_a foul_a or_o much_o obstruct_a body_n of_o the_o assistance_n the_o water_n may_v receive_v by_o gentle_o purge_v medicine_n discreet_o give_v from_o time_n to_o time_n of_o the_o best_a do_v or_o quantity_n of_o the_o water_n to_o be_v take_v at_o once_o of_o the_o compass_n of_o time_n wherein_o it_o shall_v be_v all_o drink_v and_o of_o the_o gradual_a increase_n and_o lessen_v the_o do_v at_o the_o beginning_n and_o sometime_o before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o whole_a space_n of_o time_n appoint_v for_o the_o take_v it_o how_o much_o the_o great_a or_o lesser_a length_n of_o time_n spend_v in_o take_v the_o water_n conduce_v to_o its_o good_a effect_n and_o what_o be_v the_o fit_a measure_n of_o time_n to_o continue_v the_o drink_n of_o it_o respect_n be_v have_v to_o the_o patient_n strength_n disease_n the_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o accidental_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n and_o other_o considerable_a circumstance_n whether_o the_o drink_n of_o the_o mineral_n water_n for_o several_a year_n together_o be_v find_v almost_o necessary_a or_o more_o beneficial_a than_o to_o intermit_v it_o sometime_o for_o a_o year_n or_o two_o or_o perhaps_o long_o and_o then_o to_o return_v to_o the_o use_n of_o it_o of_o the_o diet_n as_o to_o meat_n drink_n exercise_n sleep_n etc._n etc._n that_o aught_o to_o be_v observe_v by_o those_o that_o take_v the_o water_n and_o of_o the_o inconvenience_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o follow_v the_o neglect_n of_o it_o of_o the_o sign_n that_o declare_v the_o water_n to_o work_v kind_o and_o effectual_o and_o of_o the_o token_n of_o not_o do_v so_o and_o those_o of_o its_o be_v already_o hurtful_a or_o likely_a to_o prove_v so_o of_o the_o inconvenience_n or_o unwelcome_a accident_n if_o there_o be_v any_o as_o usual_o there_o be_v that_o have_v be_v observe_v to_o happen_v during_o or_o some_o time_n after_o the_o drink_n of_o the_o mineral_n water_n especial_o to_o person_n of_o such_o constitution_n or_o that_o be_v in_o such_o and_o such_o circumstance_n and_o of_o the_o way_n to_o prevent_v or_o remedy_v such_o inconvenience_n whether_o there_o be_v any_o necessity_n or_o great_a use_n of_o take_v physic_n after_o one_o have_v do_v drink_v the_o water_n and_o if_o there_o be_v what_o be_v the_o fit_a time_n and_o medicine_n to_o be_v employ_v for_o the_o prevention_n of_o any_o bad_a effect_n of_o it_o and_o what_o be_v the_o danger_n of_o neglect_n to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o whether_o and_o how_o the_o mineral_n water_n may_v be_v useful_o give_v by_o be_v simple_o commix_v with_o other_o liquor_n or_o body_n as_o by_o boil_a meat_n in_o it_o or_o by_o receive_v together_o with_o the_o additament_n a_o further_a preparation_n as_o when_o the_o water_n be_v mingle_v with_o wine_n or_o some_o other_o drink_n when_o with_o milk_n it_o be_v make_v into_o posset_n drink_v when_o brew_v with_o malt_n alone_o or_o with_o that_o and_o hopp_n it_o be_v turn_v into_o ale_n or_o beer_n whether_o any_o such_o saline_n or_o other_o substance_n may_v by_o evaporation_n inspissation_n calcination_n etc._n etc._n be_v extract_v or_o obtain_v from_o the_o mineral_n water_n as_o be_v give_v in_o a_o small_a do_v may_v be_v substitute_v as_o a_o succedaneum_n to_o large_a quantity_n of_o the_o water_n as_o nature_n afford_v it_o of_o what_o use_n if_o of_o any_o the_o mineral_n water_n be_v when_o outward_o apply_v as_o by_o wash_v sore_a eye_n or_o ulcer_n bathe_v in_o it_o etc._n etc._n and_o whether_o the_o mud_n or_o sediment_n it_o leave_v where_o it_o pass_v or_o stagnate_v be_v external_o apply_v have_v the_o same_o or_o other_o medicinal_a virtue_n and_o if_o so_o how_o the_o mud_n be_v to_o be_v administer_v to_o make_v it_o exert_v they_o of_o some_o mechanico-medical_n trial_n that_o may_v be_v make_v upon_o animal_n to_o help_v we_o to_o guess_v at_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o mineral_n water_n as_o by_o inject_v it_o into_o the_o vein_n of_o a_o dog_n to_o try_v whether_o it_o will_v coagulate_v his_o blood_n or_o make_v it_o more_o fluid_a or_o operate_v powerful_o by_o vomit_n siege_n or_o urine_n as_o also_o by_o keep_v a_o dog_n very_o long_o without_o allow_v he_o any_o other_o drink_n at_o all_o than_o the_o mineral_n water_n but_o i_o propose_v such_o particular_n as_o be_v mention_v in_o this_o article_n but_o as_o analogous_a experiment_n or_o succedaneum_n to_o trial_n that_o shall_v but_o can_v well_o because_o of_o the_o worthiness_n of_o the_o subject_a be_v try_v in_o live_v humane_a body_n and_o indeed_o all_o the_o title_n of_o this_o three_o part_n of_o our_o design_v history_n belong_v porper_o to_o physician_n many_o of_o who_o