aed instilling therein womans milke also the muscilage of philium of quinces of fenugreek and of tragagant are to be applied let the Muscilage be drawne in the decoction of Mallowes Holy-hocks Violets c. Aetius doth much commend this salue Recip Croci one dramme Mirrhae one dramme Piper gran 15. Spicaenard two scruples Succi feniculi sixteene drams Ammoniac Thimiamat two drams Mellis six ounces When they are all beaten finely powre into them the Iuyce of Fennell then beate them againe vntill they be dry afterwards pur the hony vnto them and keepe this salue in a brasen box for your vse before you vse this salue you must haue a fomentation of Sea water hot wherein dip a sponge and often bath the eyes also a Cucupha or cap prepared as followeth Recip Flor. lauendula Stacados Hysopi Beton Camomil an p. 1. Ros rub p. 2. Calami aromat Ligni Aloess Ciperi an one dramme Fol. lauri Maioramau p. 1. Nucis muscat Rad. ireos Cinamoni an two drams and a halfe Gariphil one dramme and a halfe Stiracis cal one dramme Ambrae griseae gran 6. Musci gran 4. Beat all these to fine powder and therwith make a cap quilted or quilt bagges and apply to the head This electuary is commended to comfort the stomach and to preuent the ingendring of grosse phlegme in the braine Recip Cinamom opt 1 dram 1. scruple Gariophil Ligni Aloes Maceris an halfe a dram Zinzib halfe a scruple Anisipul one scruple Make all into powder and take the equall waight in suger to them all and with wormewood water make into tables the weight of three drammes they are to be vsed in the morning three howers before dinner I haue forborne to prescribe topicall meanes which haue little or no vse in this case because the originall default is not in the eye Of Opthalmia or inflâ—mation of the aduata or coniunctiua Chap. 6. Opthalmia is properly an inflamation of the Adnata or Coniunctiua which is known by rednes payne heat and stretching out when there is rednes without tumor especially by some outward cause as by dust and smoake it is properly called Taraxis when the white of the eye is so swollen vpon the blacke so that a kinde thereof appeareth to hang forth it is then called Chemosis some affirme it to be Chemosis when the Membrain coniunctiua is higher lifted then the Cotnea as if this were in an hole which besides the rednes and heat causeth the eye-lids to be turned so that they cannot couer the eye contrary to this is Phimosis when by some great inflamation the eie-lids doe stick fast each to other and cannot be opened but the hurt which they receiue is but an accident in this disease Epiphora is generally taken for a suddaine streame of humors in any part As Pliny calleth epiphoram vteri or ventris notwithstanding it is properly vsed for the affect in the eies when with great inflamation great quantity of humors flow vnto them all these aforesaid affects do accompany each other the causes are the recourse of bloud choler flegme and melancholy but most commonly bloud choler the generall oure for this disease doth consist in bloud-letting diet purging by the aduise of a learned Phisition because Opthalmicis Diarrheam superuenire bonum est we must not omit to vse cupping glasses vpon the Shoulders with scarification which wil be good for reuulsion also an Astringent frontall to intercept the fluxe if it seeme to be outwards In the beginning a repellent Collyrium to hinder the generation of Phlegmon which must be framed of the muscilage of phillium and of quinces and then a resoluing Collyrium of the muscilage of fenugreek being well washed from its byting quality Abstinence from wine in the beginning is very necessary yet in the declination wine may be permitted euen as a bath of sweet water to contemperate the bloud is at the beginning denied least it should cause the humor to shed and increase the defluxion If the inflamation do continue the muscilages beforsaid shal be drawne in the water of poppy or in a decoction thereof adding thereunto a little camphire or opium and apply to the eie this cataplasme Take of sodden apples iiij ounces and with the white of an egge and womans milk make a cataplasme you must be carefull to renew these medicine least they dry ouer fast and so cause heate not long after vse this Collyrium Recip Gummi arabici tragogant ana one dram cerusa lota halfe a dram opij gran iij. Dissolue all with the white of an egge and womans milke that giueth suck In the declination of this disease this may be vsed Take of the muscilage of fenugreek and quince-seed drawne in rose-rose-water and eiebright-eiebright-water ana one ounce and a halfe in which dissolue sarcocoll in the milke of a woman that giueth suck two drams aloes lot one dram mirh halfe a dram and so make an eye-salue and where there is any great itching or rather where the inflammation commeth of fleagme this is a most singular Collirium Recip tutia prep aloes lota ana halfe a dram sarcocol myrrha ana halfe a scruple sacchar cand one dram vitriol albi halfe a scruple aqua ros aqua faniculi ana two ounces Boyle them altogether a little while in a viol-glasse and then drop thereof into the eie Some commend this Collirium in all inflamations of the eies to take snayle with the shells and to beate them with a little salt and thorow an hypocras bagge to let the water thereof distill which being cleare put thereof into the eies It sometimes falleth out by vnaduised applications which doth coole and beate back or else by some inflamation that the naturall heate is extinguished and choaked and therevpon ensueth a worse inflamation then any of the aforenamed which is a sphacelosous opthalmia which doth depriue the eie of naturall temperature doth make it corrupt and vtterly perish which disease Galen in his introduction calleth grangrena opthalmon the gangren or mortification of the eie when this happneth wee must haue recourse to proper remedies for gangrens chaunging them as the state of the disease and the part shall require Of the suffusion of sight called Cataracta Chap. 7. Hypochyma or Cataracta is an heape of superfluous humors made thick betweene the coate Cornea and the humor crystalloydes or crystallinus directly vpon the apple of the eie swimming aboue the aqueus humor in that place which Celsus doth affirme to be voyd and empty it hindereth the sight or at the least the discerning of such things as are before our eies Fernelius appointeth the place of it betweene the membraim Vuea and the Cristallin humor The difference thereof is borrowed from the quantity or quality from the quantity when it is whole couering all the compasse of the apple of the eie in such sort that the patient cannot see any thing sometimes it doth couer onely halfe the apple of the eie or some
Recip Fermenti acris one ounce Cantharidum et Seminis Synapi one dramme Mixe them for a Vesicatorium There Fernelius willeth to apply a cautier and doth giue a reason that from thence a branch from the iugular vaine springeth and doth runne through to the Optick Nerues As often as the veines of the forehead do swell they shew the fluxe to bee externall and the tumor to descend from the pericoranium from whence springeth the coniunctiua which fluxe is profitably stayed with some adstringent frontall such as in this maner may be prepared Recip Emplast contra rupturam desiccatini rubri an one ounce Malax them with oyle of myrtles or roses and spred it vppon lynnen and make a frontall which apply all ouer the forehead or Recep Farinae volatilis an ounce a halfe boli armeni et Sanguinis Draconis ana two drammes Worke them well together with the white of egges and oyle of roses and make a frontall as before Also topicall meanes applyed to the head are not to bee neglected For this is a generall precept as often as diseases come by defluxion we must not onely respect that part that is offended but also that part that sends it Beside a thinne humor is to bee ingrost and made thicker and the laxe wayes are to be made straiter this last prescribed frontall is most excellent but first cephalicall thinges and such as respect the head must be remembred The vse of Eyebright wine doth confirme and strengthen weak and ill affected eyes or the powder of Eyebright as Recep Euprasiae Feniculi dulc ana one ounce Cum duplo Saccharo take of it after meales or Recep Coriandri praeparat one ounce Euphrasiae et feniculi an halfe an ounce Cinamomi one dramme Macis two scruples With the double weight of Sugar make a powder to be taken out of a spoone after meales if you please you may boyle the iuyces of Fenel and Eyebright with hony and make a confection of which take morning and euening the quantity of a Walnut For generall thinges outwardly to bee applyed I will prescribe two Colliriums the one in hot diseases to be prescribed in the beginning of the fluxe that it may bee repelled the other in the state and declination of hot diseases and in cold also they may at all times be vsed the first Colirium shall be after this manner Recip Muccaginis Semi Psylâ—â— et Cydoniorum extractae in aqua Rosarum vel plantaginis an halfe an ounce with two ounces Of the same water make a liquid Colirium it is commonly made with the white of a new laid egge being wrought together with Rosewater or Plantain water a Colirium to resolue is made in this manner Recip Muccaginis faenugreci extracted with Eyebright water or Fenel water an one ounce make a Colirium or with two ounces of the same water make a Collirium liquidum a litle of the Muscilage is to bee prescribed because it doth quickly grow sower And now I aske whether your Colliriae are to bee distilled into the eyes as hot as may be suffered as it liketh Scribonius or cold as it pleaseth Mesue or luke warme according to Galen But in my opinion they are to be instilled luke warme vnlesse the affect do require some other thing for in eyes that be exceedingly inflamed and burning wee drop it in cold but in very cold affects wee droppe it in very warme otherwise meanely warme doth alwaies serue the turne Now to proceed to cure those diseases whereof wee haue already spoken euery distemperature is cured by his contrary as eyes that bee inflamed and ouer-hot shall be cooled with the dayly washing of them with cold thinges or with the waters of Roses and Plantaine but if the distemperature be cold we warme the eyes with putting in the waters of Eyebright Fennell Rue Celendine washing them often therewith if the eyes bee ouer-moist wee dry them if wee macerat tutia in those waters as for example Recip Tutiae one dram Infuse it in eyebright water two ounces make a Collirium if the eyes be ouer dry we humect them by instilling womans milk or with a fotus of mallowes holy hocks and violets But if some matter be ioyned with the distemperature let it bee resolued with a Collirium of the Muscilage of Fenugreeke extracted in the aforesaid waters or wash the eyes with the decoction of Fenugreeke with a sponge or boyle a bag being filled with Fenugreeke in water and apply the bagge to the eye warme hitherto we haue spoken of the Similer disease now we will speake of organicall and first of diseases of magnitude If the eyes shall be greater or lesser then they should be from their first conformation all remedies are vnprofitable if they happen so by accident as by some fluxe from the braine all the body is often to be purged the moist eyes are to be dryed we must looke to the head that is ouer-moist with Cephalicall thinges Also Cautiers must be applyed to dry vp the offending humor we must apply for Topicall linnen dipt in the water of Rue Celendine or Eyebright and the infusion of Tutia or the bagge filled with Fenugreeke or of the same Hydroticall Decoction of the infusion of Tutia make a Collirium Encanthis groweth whiles the bloud doth more abundantly flow to the caruncle for nourishment which being turned into the same substance groweth greater then it ought to doe sometimes it is so great that it hindreth the eye lids to be shut it is burnt with gold or els with a burning iron or els cut off or when it doth surmount it is bound with a thread after it is softly bound vp and after being destitute of nourishment the excrescence doth fall away of its owne accord Our ancient Phisitions called this kind of remedy Anabronchismon if the sick bee of a delicate constitution and shall refuse the Chirurgery let the excrescence be eaten away with burnt Alum or with oyle of vitriol but it must be diligently corrected with rosewater or milke for the exquisite sense of the part In the meane time while these things are a doing wee must defend the eye with some defensure to auoid the offence of a fluxe Rhyas doth oftentimes succeed Epiphora if the Caruncle be plainely eaten it admitteth no cure but if some part bee onely eaten the flesh may bee regenerated by applying incarnatiues as tutia aloes thus or infuse the same in succo granatorum and being strained instill it by drop meale into the greater corner of the eye But perhaps you will say wil you mixe adstringents with your incarnatiues such as is the iuyce of Pomegranets which is altogether forbidden by Galen least the dry excrement should be retained in the part But hitherto of diseases of magnitude now follow diseases of number Of the Webbe of the Eye Chap. 3. Pterigium gooweth by the defluxion of thick and grosse humors beeing soft and white in the beginning Dioscorides doth commend a Collirium of Snailes
they are to bee burned whole and the pouder to be mixt with honny the pouder of the cuttle bone or the pummis stone may bee also mixed with honny as before If you would haue it stronger mixe a little salt Armoniac but first foment the eye with a decoction of Fenugreeke Aetius vseth to burne Plantaine seed and addeth to the pouder mirhe and also the scales and flowre of brasse but wee should apply no mettals to the eyes except it be first burnt and washed for by the burning and washing the sharpnes and biting quality is remoued and so it doth raise no fluxe of which our cheefest care should bee Also wee may vse oyle of vitriol but it must bee well corrected with milke but yee shall note that a great and inueterate web can be cured by no meanes but by Chirurgery such are those that couer the whole ball and black of the eye webs grosse and thick black and which do affect the temples by consent are in no hand to bee medled withall In like manner if there be suspition of a Catarhact beginning and there be also a web that is white and soft we must abstain from thinges eating because they generate and increase the Catarhact Aetius Celsus doe shew Chirurgery and especially Paulus Aegneta in his 6. booke and Cha 28. where he doth shew a double kind of cure the first that the web be stretched once with a thread then with a launcet to be excoriated the second to make a passage with a needle that may containe a thread or setam which is the bristle of an hogge and so hanging with the thread the web shall be cut with the bristle about the apple as it were with a saw and that which doth remaine about the lachrimall shall with the launcet be cut away Of the Hypopion or matter vnder the Cornea Chap. 4. Because that Hypopion followeth to Hyposphagma that is eyes that are bloudy by meanes of some veine being rupted or open which is also called Aimalops because in this affect all thinges seeme red therefore the bloud-shotten eyes must be quickly lookt vnto least by neglect it growe into a leady colour and then doth suppurate and degenerate into Hypopion for that hapneth to the eye that hapneth to the skin by some blowe and groweth when corrupt matter is in great aboundance so that it doth occupie halfe the blacke of the eye or shineth through the horny coate which couereth the whole apple of the eye this affect may rise not onely of an vlcer but also of great payne in the head or inflamation in the eye that is corrupted and besides inflamation it may grow from aboundance of humors which doe breake open the mouthes of the veines also or stroake or falls may make the bloude disperse and flye abroad which turneth to suppuration ad Pus when it is out of their proper vessels To preuent the inconueniences the patient must forthwith be let bloud in the arme and in the temples and in the corner of the eyes if it be possible also we must vse cupping glasses vpon the shoulders and such medicines as may stay inflamations afterwards we must vse such medicines as doe resolue and asswage payne such as these Recip Cadmie one ounce aeris vsti halfe an ounce Rosarum siccar foure drammes Croci one dramme Folii one dramme Lapidis Sus one dtamme Mirrhae two drams Gummi six drams Beat them with sweet wine and vse them with an egge Also a Collirium ex Thure called Diolibanum Recip Thuris Cerusae an one ounce and a halfe Cadmia Pompholigis Terrae sanctae Amili Gummi an six dramms Opii two drammes Squam aeris one ounce Tragacanth fiue dramms Let this be framed with rayne water Or this Recip Croci Aloes Mirrha an one dramme Vini three drams Mellis six drams Let the Saffron be dissolued in wine then let it be mixt with hony and kept in a glasse vessell with which twise or thrise a day annoynt the eies If these medicines and remedies doe not preuaile then we must trye another way let the patient be set in a conuenient place hauing one to stay his head behind then let the Chyrurgian hold his with one hand with the instrument called Speculum oculi described in Parcus Chirurgery and with the other hand with the point of a launcet he shall neatly and cunningly scarifie the horny tunicle vntill he come to the corrupted and slimy matter which he shall make to auoide by little and little After this worke ended he shall vse repercussiue medicines and medicines auoyding and ceasing paine as the white of an egge beaten with rose and plantain waters and then apply the remedies which shal be set down for vlcers in the eyes which be clensing increasing flesh and closing vp Moreouer the Chyrurgian must be very carefull least flesh grow in the incision of the Membrain which will bring both hurt and also deformity to the partie to preuent which this Collyrium is much availeable and also commended and doth also preuent inflammation Recip Gummi Arabic six drammes Spodii foure drammes Thuris Mirrhae Acatiae Spicaenard Squamae aeris Opii an two drammes With rayne water bring them to a perfect forme and then make them into small trociskes and when you will vse them wet them in the white of an egge with rose and plantaine waters Of Strabismus Strabismus is an euill motion of the Muscles mouing the eyes or a conuulsion of the eies which if it be vnnaturall is vncurable and that which commeth by accidents is hardly or neuer to be cured vnlesse perhaps it be in infants for the eye for examples sake being conuulsed is reduced ad leuam Rasis and Auicen doth commend the bloud of a Turtle to be instilled also the pye is eaten with profit and the powder thereof is referred into a Collyrium some suppose that the head of a Bat being burnt and powdered others commend the head of a Swallow taken by insufflation Of Amaurosis or Gutta Serena or Obfuscatio starke blindnes or Hallucinatio Chap. 5. Amaurosis is commonly an hindrance to the whole sight without any appearance at all in the eye for the apple appeareth sound and vnchanged onely the Neruus opticus is stopped this disease is vncurable because there are no remedies therefore wherefore as yet the humor being not setled as Aetius doth testifie that he saw one that did recouer the sight onely with the applying of cupping glasses with scarification Remedies are not to be neglected often purgation with pils of Iod with Trochisks of Alhandall Hydroticks Masticatoria and also vehement Errhina are not to be neglected for in this onely affect of the eyes they doe good the braine must be dryed with a cappe fit for the same cautiers must be applyed at the roote of the eare for that cause remembred by Fernelius and in Inio for reuulsion beware you forget not to vse cupping glasses When the eye is exasperated annoynt it with fresh butter
part of it either aboue or beneath or in the midst in such manner that that onely part of the thing before our face can be discerned which is placed against the part of the eie which is affected Some there are that doe contend and affirme that this suffusion is no disease but an outward moysture collected before the pupil or apple of the eie which humidity seeing that it is a substance doth not seeme to be a disease because it is a quallity and is placed vnder the predicament of quality but to leaue an ouer curious questioning whether it be a disease or quality we will proceed to the cure Now to proceed in order to the cure first you must purge the braine with pils that are proper for that purpose and giue them to the patient the day before you begin your cure then the next day following about nine of the clock in the morning the patient yet fasting prouided that the cataract be ripe and confirmed cause him to sit ouert vhart a stoole in ryding fashione and sit on the same stoole face to face and make the parient to hold his sound eie closed with his hand and in that sort charge him to sit steadfastly without starting or stirring in any-wife let another also stand behind him and hold his head very stedfast this done first with your owne hand lift vp the ouer-eie-lid and then with thy other hand put in thy needle made for that purpose in at the greater corner of the eie and finely trilling the tunicle called saluatella or saluatrix writh alwaies thy finger to and fro till thou touch with the point of thy needle the corrupt water which is indeed the cataracte and then begin by little and little to remoue that water from before the sight to the corner of the eie and keepe it there with the point of your needle the space of three minuts of an houre and then remoue your needle easily from it and if it happen to rise againe bring it back the second time but this you must beware of that when the needle hath touched the catarract you doe not writh it about with your fingers to and fro till it be set in his place before named but to draw it thither gently and when you haue it there trill the needle about vntill it hath gathered the water about it and then pull it out when this is done cause him to shut close his eie and apply therevpon a plaster of flaxe and the white of an egge and cause him to lie in his bed nine daies together remouing the plaster three times in the day and so many times in the night without any other stirring of it and prouide also that hee lie in a very darke place and let him be kept in a thin diet as reare egges and white bread and if hee be young and of strength let him drinke Barly water but otherwise let him drinke small ale and wine delayd with water for truely too much nourishment would offend in procreating too much bloud in the eie which is very hurtfull in the beginning of the cure When the ninth day is past let him arise and wash his eies with faire cold water and hee shall inioy his sight by the helpe of GOD. euen as well as hee had it before Of the Aegilops or the lacrimall Fistula Chap. 8. Betweene the nostrills and the greater corner of the eye riseth an Aposthume which the Grecians do call Aegilops that is oculus Caprinus a Goats eye because that Goats are subiect to this disease wee call this disease Fistula lacrimalis This Aegilops may happen through euery humor yet neuerthelesse it happeneth most often through fleagme seldome through bloud but seldome or neuer from choller or melancholly the flegmatick humor continually flowing by the flesh of the lacrimall corner to the nostrils and sometimes vnder the same flesh being there detained doth putrifie and breaketh out into a fistulous vlcer from whence certaine doe imagine that Aegilops happeneth alwaies from fleagme and by bloud also this disease is wont to bee excited but not so often as with fleagme but it is sufficient to know that this lacrimall fistula happeneth from some virulent humor and that which is corrosiue As concerning the cure at the first beginning we must presently vse repellents such as is rose-rose-water and the white of an egge well beaten together or with oyle of roses mixt with vineger which oyle must be boyled to the consumption of the vineger then adde thereto a little milke wee must be carefull that none of the oyle stick to the eye for to that part it is very biting or apply thereto Halica boyled in vineger and beaten well together for it doth not onlye help them in the beginning but after they alter into Apostume and doth breake them and pierce euen to the very bone or a medicine framed of these glaucium saffron and the iuyce of Pellitory of the wall but the medicine must be oftentimes changed I saith Trallianus haue hindered these Aegilops as yet not growne to matter by the vse of these things that they neuer came to suppuration or the place is to be anointed with a Collyrium which doth vehemently stupifie and least the matter should happen to be cold we take bdellium dissolued in vineger with oyle of Roses which may be mixed therewith or Ammoniacum and the iuyce of fennel or snailes with their shells sometime with Aloes and sometimes with Myrhe mixed and so apply it In the meane time wee must ordaine a diet of such meate as is of good nourishment and containing but few superfluities as are Chickins Hens Partriges Fesants Doues Larkes new laid Egges Raisons and sweet Almonds let his drinke be Hydromell or wine delayed with water for diuersion of the humor flowing the humerall veine of that side in the arme must be cut or some other diuersions with cupping glasses or frictions and ligatures must bee vsed also the humors abounding digested and prepared must be auoided with hiera piera or hiera logodion or with pilles of cochia or by clysters and sharpe Suppositories neither will one purgation suffice but diuers and often reiterated but if the disease doe continue wee must vse topicall meanes and such as are discussiue Paulus commendeth ruta Satiua cum lixiuio framed of Ashes and lime indeed in the beginning it is somwhat biting but afterward it is most gentle and doth penetrate vnto the very bone Alexander Trallianus doth shew an approued medicine which is the inward membrain of the reede that which we find about the knots and mixe it with honny and apply the same changing the same foure times a day when the place is well clensed and purged dip a spunge in mulsa and foment it this aforesad menbrain of the reede may bee applyed by it selfe or else Recip Staphisagriae two drammes Ammoniaci in aceto dissoluti halfe an ounce mixe them and apply it An other Recip Mellis puri Aloes hepat