become also Elastick in the motional Fibres by reason of the bloody Copula therefore if plenty of this be taken away they grow weak and deficient Which thing indeed I have observed in many and for the most part languishings and tremblings to have been begun in the Arm out of which the blood had been taken However in some indued with a sharp and hot blood and apt to flame forth too much though disposed to the Palsie it is sometimes convenient to let blood a little and sparingly About the Aequinox a Purge ought to be instituted and after due times between to be iterated three or four times But first if nothing oppose let a Vomit be given of the Salt of Vitriol Sulphur of Antimony or an Infusion of Crocus Metallorum or of Mercurius Vitae then let there be taken Pills of Amber or of Aloephanginae by it self or with the Resine of Ialap every seventh or eighth day At other times we prescribe Cephalick Remedies such as in the sleepy Diseases viz. Electuaries Powders Spirits and Volatile Salts Tinctures Elixirs with distilled Waters and Apozems sometimes these sometimes those or others Let Issues be made in the Arm or Leg yea in fat people and such as are full of ill humors in both together or between the shoulders Let them drink all the year medicated Beer of Sage Betony Stechades Sassafrass Wood and Winterines Bark Wine and Women ought to be forbidden or but moderately to be used If that the Palsie be excited after a previous disposition either of one side or in some members and that it still continues notwithstanding the first attempt of Medicine a long and complicated method is always requisite and oftentimes doth not suffice for not only the Disease or its conjunct cause or its foregoing severally but all together ought to be opposed for which ends Phlebotomy being for the most part interdicted only a gentle Purge and rarely is convenient Besides some chief Cephalick Medicines and Antiscorbuticks are wont to help against the foregoing cause of this Disease But all of this sort are not convenient to all yea as we have observed in the Scurvey according to the various Constitutions of the Sick there are also Remedies of a diverse kind and virtue For to Cholerick Paralyticks to wit in whose sharp and hot Blood there is much of Salt and Sulphur and very little of Serum the more hot Medicines and indued with very active Particles are not agreeable yea are often hurtful which things notwithstanding are very profitable to Phlegmatick persons whose Blood is colder and contains much of Serum and but few active Elements Wherefore for this twofold state or condition of sick persons it seems convenenient that we institute here a double Method of Cure and two classes of Medicines of which these may be given to cold Parlyticks and those to the hot In the former case for the taking away the Procatartick cause after Vomiting and Purging being rightly instituted I was wont to prescribe according to these following forms Take of the Conserves of the leaves of the Garden Scurvy-grass of Rocket made with an equal part of Sugar each three ounces of Ginger Candied in India half an ounce of the rinds of Oranges and Lemons Candied each six drams of the Powder of the Claws and Eyes of Crabs each four scruples of the Species of Diambre two drams of Winterens Bark one dram and a half of the Roots of Zedoary the lesser Galingal of Cubebs the Seeds of Water-Cresses Rocket each one dram of the Spirits of Scurvy-grass Laevender each two drams of the Syrup of Candied Ginger what will suffice to make an Electuary Take of it about the quantity of a Walnut at eight of the Clock in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it a pint of the following Decoction warm or Coffee with the leaves of Sage boiled in it six ounces of or â—per Wine three ounces Take of the shavings of Lignum Sanctum six ounces of Sarsaparilla and of Sassaphras each four ounces of white and yellow Sanders of the shavings of Ivory of Harts-horn each half an ounce infuse them according to art and boil them in sixteen pints of Spring water till half be consumed adding of Crude Antimony in Powder and tyed in a rag four ounces of the Root of the Aromatick Reed of the lesser Galingal each half an ounce of the Florentine Iris one ounce of Cardamums six drams of Coriander Seeds half an ounce six Dates make a Decoction to be used for ordinary drink Going to sleep and first in the morning let a Dose of the Spirits of Sut or Harts-horn or of Armoniacal Amber or of Blood c. be taken with three ounces of the following distilled water Take of the leaves or roots of Aron one pound of the leaves of Garden Scurvey-grass of the greater Rocket of Rosemary Sage Savory Thyme four handfuls of the Flowers of Lavender three handfuls the outer rinds of ten Oranges and six Lemons of Winterans Bark three ounces of the roots of the lesser Galingal of Calamus Aromaticus the Florentine Iris each two ounces of Cubebs Cloves Nutmegs each two ounces all being cut and bruised pour to them of white Wine and of Brunswick Beer or Mum each four pints distil it in common Stills and let all the liquor be mixed together Sometimes in the place of the Electuary may be taken for fifteen or twenty days a Dose of the Tincture of Sulphur Turpentined of the Tincture of Antimony or of Amber Also sometimes Elixir Proprietatis or of Poeony let them be taken in a spoonful of distilled Water drinking after it three ounces of the same Also sometimes the following Powders or Lozenges may be taken by turns in the medical course Take of the Powder of Vipers flesh of Monpillier prepared one ounce of the hearts and livers of the same half an ounce of Species Diambre two ounces make a Powder take one dram once or twice a day with the distilled Water three ounces or with Viper Wine with a Decoction of the leaves of Sage of the root and seeds of the Burdock and the Candied roots of Eringo made of spring-Spring-water what will suffice and boiled to one moiety six or eight ounces in the Morning warm expecting to sweat after it Take of Bezoartick Mineral Solar half an ounce of Cloves powdered two drams mingle them make a Powder and divide it into twelve parts let one be taken after the same manner twice in a day between these kind of Remedies gentle purging may be often used Take of the Powder of the picked roots of Zedoary the lesser Galingal each half a dram of Species Diambre one dram of the Powder of the seeds of Mustard Rocket Scurvygrass Water-Cresses each half a dram make of them all a fine Powder add to it of the Oyl of the purest Amber half a dram and with white Sugar dissolved
in the compounded Poeony water and boiled up to the consistency of Lozenges six ounces make Lozenges according to art weighing each half a dram Eat of them three or four twice in a day drinking after every Dose of the liquors before mentioned Take of the Powder of Virginian Snakeweed two drams of the lesseâ— Galingal one dram of the gummed extracts of the remains of the distillation of the Elixir Vitae of Quercitan two drams of the Flowers of Sal Armoniack or the most pure Volatile Salt of Sut or Harts-horn one dram of the Balsom of Peru one scruple of the Balsom of Capivus what will suffice to make a mass let it be made into small Pills involved in the Species Diambre The Dose is half a dram evening or morning Take of the Resine or Gum of Guaicum three drams of the Species Diambre one dram of the Chymical Oyl of Guaicum rightly rectified one dram and a half of liquid Amber what will suffice to make a mass let it be formed into Pills to be taken after the same manner If that the Palsie happens in a Cholerick temper or to a young Man it admits only of milder Medicines and all the more hot things and Elastick do but imbitter the Disease The following forms are in use for the taking away of its foregoing cause Take of the Conserves of the Flowers of Betony of Fumitory of Primroses each two ounces of the Species Diambre one dram of Ivory Crabs Eyes and Claws each four scruples of the Powder of the Flowers of Poeony two drams of Lignum Aloes of yellow Sanders each one dram of the Salt of Wormwood one dram and a half and with the Syrup of the Flowers of Poeony what will suffice make an Electuary The Dose is two drams twice in a day drinking after it either the simple water of the Flowers of Aron or of the following Compounded Water three ounces or of the Decoction of Sage with the leaves of Tea infused in it four or six ounces Take of the Roots of Aron or Cuckopint of the male Poeony Angelica Imperatoria each half a pound of the Flowers of Sage Rosemary Marjoram Brooklime Water-Cresses each four handfuls of the rinds of six Oranges and four Lemons of Primroses Cowslips Marigold flowers each three handfuls let them be all bruised and cut and pour to them of new Milk six pints of Malaga Wine one quart distil them in common Stils and let the whole liquor be mixed together Sometimes instead of the Electuary may be taken between whiles for fourteen or fifteen days of the Syrup of Steel of which let one spoonful be taken in three ounces of the distilled Water It may be made after this manner Take of the whitest Sugar dissolved in black Cherry Water and boil'd up to a consistency eight ounces adding to it of our Steel in Powder three drams let them be stirred together over the fire and then by degrees pour to it of the Water of Rosemary warm twelve ounces let it boil gently for a quarter of an hour scumming it and pouring it forth warm thorow an hair sieve or strainer There may be also made steeled Lozenges after this manner to wit with Sugar sufficiently boiled with Steel adding of the Chymical Oyl of Amber or of Rosemary half a dram and presently let it be poured forth that it may flow into a consistency of Lozenges The Dose is two drams twice in a day drinking after it of distilled Water or of the following Apozem six ounces Take of China Root one ounce of the shavings of Ivory Harts-born each half an ounce of white and yellow Sanders of the Wood of the Mastick-tree each half an ounce let them be infused in warm water and close stopt for a whole night six pints in the morning add to them of the Roots of Chervil of sweet smelling Avens of Broom and Parsley each one ounce and a half of the dryed leaves of ground Ivy Sage Germander Betony each one handful of Coriander seeds three drams let them be boiled till half is consumed then add to it of white Wine half a pint and strain it into a jugg upon the leaves of Water-Cresses bruised two handful Let it infuse warm and close shut for two hours strain it again and keep it in a close Vessel well stopt In the Scorbutick Palsie the Juices and expressions of Herbs do often bring notable help Take of the leaves of Brooklime Water-Cresses and Plantan fresh gathered each four handfuls bruise them together and pour to them of the distilled Water but now described eight ounces squeese the juice strongly forth and keep it in a glass and take of it twice or thrice in a day three or four ounces At the extream Physical hours viz. Morning and Evening may be taken these following Pills Take of Millipedes prepared three drams and a half of Pearls one dram and a half of the Root of the Cretick Dittany one dram Venice Turpentine what will suffice to make a mass let it be formed into small Pills the Dose is half a dram drinking after it a draught of the distilled Water For ordinary drink let there be prescribed either a Bochet of Sarse China yellow Sanders c. or small Ale with the dryed leaves of ground Ivy boiled in it and of Sage with the Wood of Sassafras infused therein 2. Whilst these things are doing for the taking away the foregoing cause of the Disease there is no less a curatory care required for its conjunct cause to wit that all obstructed places being opened they might admit the Animal Spirits free from stupefaction and that they may pass freely thorow There are two chief kinds of Remedies which conduce to those ends viz. one particular and private to be applied to the distemper'd places to wit that by Fomentations Oyntments Plasters and such like outward applications the sleepy Spirits might be awakned and their passages opened the other universal to wit that the Blood and Spirits and the other humors and the active Particles flowing in the whole Body being very much agitated and put into a rapit motion like a torrent they might cast down and remove all impacted heaps or stays by which the Spirits are obstructed The administrations used to the distempered parts are so ordinarily and commonly known that it were superfluous to insist here on the describing them more largely First Liniments made out of Oyls Oyntments and Balsoms are to be applied according to the temper of the Patient more or less hot and with frictions or strong rubbing twice a day Sometimes before these are made use of Fomentations made of Cephalick Herbs or spices boiled in Spring Water adding to it sometimes Strong Waters Wine or Bear or their Lees. Further oftentimes it is convenient to make about the distemper'd places Blisters and to use Cupping-glasses and Medicines to take away the hairs and to raise pimples Little Bags and Plasters often help Moreover
Medicines and Purging unless very gentle have very rarely any place here Cataplasms of Rue Chamomel Vervine Bryony Roots red Poppies with Sope may be laid all over the Feet or instead of them may be applied Pigeons or Chickens cut up and laid warm In the mean time as you see occasion there ought to be prescribed Iuleps Apozems Powders and Confections by which the rage of the Blood and the burning of the Animal Spirits may be allayed Take of Pipin Water Black Cherry Water and Cowslip Water each four ounces Water of the whole Citrons two ounces of Pearl powder'd one dram of Syrup of the juice of Citron one ounce mingle them and make a Iulep let three ounces be taken three or four times in a day Take of Grass Roots of the Leaves of Wood-Sorrel and Pimpernel each one handful of Barly half an ounce of Apples cut of Currans or Strawberries or Rasberries one handful let them be boiled in four pints of spring-water till a third part be consumed clarifie it and strain it then add to it of the Syrup of Violets one ounce and of Sal Prunella a dram and a half Take of the Leaves of Borage fresh gathered and young four handfuls of Wood-Sorrel two handfuls two Apples sliced of Sal Prunella two drams the pulp of one Orange of white Sugar one ounce let them be bruised together and pour to them of spring-water two or three pints let them be strongly squeezed forth and kept in a Glass and cleared from its setling let six or seven ounces be taken of this often in a day when they will For the quenching of thirst let the excellent drink of Palmerus viz. spring-Spring-water with Sugar and the juice of Lemons or Water or Posset-drink with Elm leaves or Pimpernel infused or boiled in it be drunk Emulsions of the Decoction of the roots and flowers of Water-Lilies with Melon-seeds or else spring-Spring-water distilled with the pulp of boiled Apples dissolved in it Hypnoticks or Medicines causing rest are often very necessary in this Disease but yet the stronger are not convenient in the beginning nor let them be frequently used because sleep caused by Opiates carries more morbific matter to the Brain and fixes it more deeply there Take of the Water of Cowslip flowers four ounces of the Syrup of Poppies half an ounce of Pearl one scruple make a drink to be taken at night late Take of the Seeds of white Poppy two drams of Sugar-Candy a dram and a half bruise them together and pour to them of white Poppy Water six ounces make an expression to be taken after the same manner Narcoticks or Stupefying Medicines which are made of things meerly cold are cautiously to be exhibited because they agree not with some who have the Fibres of their Stomach very tender and sensible I have often observed these kind of Hypnoticks to have stirred up a great oppression in the Ventricle and then presently an Inflation or blowing of it up and a little after distractions and inordinations of Spirits use to follow in the Brain yea in the whole Body so that there was not only a frustration of sleep but great disquietness was stirred up Take of liquid Luadanum prepared with the Salt of Tartar or the juice of Quinces Let a Dose of it be taken in a convenient liquor Things inviting Sleep as Epithems or moist Medicines applied to the Temples and Forehead are often used with success of which sort are Rose-cakes dipt in Vinegar Rose-water and grated Nutmeg and Embrocation or washing with Water or Milk Oyntments of Oyl of Nutmeg by expression Oyntment of Poplar to which sometimes may be added of Opium five or six grains or a Cake of Poppy flowers with Vinegar and Nutmeg c. Further for this end rather than for the taking away the inflammation of the Meninges the hot Lungs of a Lamb or Weather as also Pigeons or Chickins slit in two do often give notable help Also for this use Housleek bruised and mixt with a Womans Milk and applied to the hinder part of the Head being shaved is wonderfully praised Also the Epithem of Penotus of twelve grains of Nutmeg of Camphir half a scruple and the Tincture of Rose-water impregnated with red Sanders twenty ounces is commended by some Further they are wont to apply Epithens not only to the Head but also to the Heart Liver and other parts A little bag of silk may be applied to the Praecordia with Cardiac Species being sewed or quilted in it with silk and sprinkled with Rose-water or Vinegar of Roses also rags wet in Rose Vinegar may be laid to the Testicles The Feet way be hathed with a Decoction of Willow leaves Lettice or the heads of white Poppy But these kind of cooling Topicks only and cherishers are to be used in the beginning of the Disease but in its height resolves and softners are to be added as the Flowers of Chamomel Melilot Elder c. also the leaves of Mallows Orage Marjoram Hysop and such like In the declining of the Disease resolvers only and those sparingly are to be administred In the mean time there ought to be great means used for keeping up of strenght for that too much failing all hopes of Cure is lost For strength is quickly worn out by reason of great watchings the perpetual agitations both of the body and mind a thin Dyet and Phlebotomy sometimes often requisite Wherefore great care must be had lest whilst we endeavour to root out the Disease by Purging or frequent letting of Blood we should suddenly debilitate the Vital Function If this begins to fail the Phrensie being let alone a better dyet may be granted and especially Cordialls are to be used Take of the Tincture of Coral half an ounce take of it twenty drops twice or thrice in a day with a Dose of a Cephalick or a Cordial Iulep or let it be given with Coral dissolved in Milk made with the juice of Oranges one spoonful often in a day Take of the Rob or Conserves of Rasberries and Barberies one ounce of prepared Pearl of Magistery of Coral each one dram of Confection of Hyacinthae two drams Syrup of the juice of Alchermes what will suffice make a Confection and let the quantity of a Nutmeg be taken three or four times a day drinking after it of the following Iulep three ounces Take of the Water of the Flowers of Water-Lilies red Roses and of Elm leaves each three ounces of the Syrup of Coral two ounces of the Cordial Water of Saxony one dram mingle them Take of the Conserves of the Flowers of Water-Lilies and of Violets each one ounce the Stalks of Lettice candied or preserved half an ounce of the Powder of red Coral bruised in a morter with the juice of Orange and dryed two drams of the Species of Diamarg frigid one dram of white Poppy seeds one dram and a half with what will suffice of the Syrup of the
in a proper Broth. Take of the Syrup of Steel four ounces take of it one spoonful twice in a day in a proper Vehicle Take of the Extract of Steel of our Steel prepared with a proper Decoction three drams of the Powder of Ivory of yellow Saunders of Lignum Aloes each half a dram of the Salt of Tartar two scruples of Ammoniacum dissolved in the Water of Worms what will suffice to make a mass let it be made into small Pills let three or four be taken every Evening drinking after it three ounces of the water of Apples or of Cowslip flowers Whey if it agrees with the stomach being drunk very plentifully for many days for the same reason as spaw-Spaw-waters viz. by washing out the Salt and Sulphureous particles of the Melancholick blood is often given with success Whey with Epithimum infused in it or boiled in it is highly praised by some Let Broths be made of a boiled Pullet with the roots of Polypodium Chervil Fenil Butchers Broom and the leaves of Ceterach Harts Tongue Scolopendria c. take a draught of it in the Morning and at five of the Clock in the Afternoon in which dissolve of the Vitriol of Steel six grains to ten of the Salt of Wormwood and of the Cream of Tartar each a scruple The Iuices of Herbs and their expressions bring sometimes notable help to the taking away the Discrasâ—e of the Blood Take of the leaves of Borage of Water-Cresses each six handfuls two Apples pared the Pulp of two Oranges and of white Sugar one ounce let them be all bruised together and pour to them of the best Cyder a pint and an half make an expression very strongly and let it be kept in a glass The Dose is four ounces twice or thrice in a day In the summer time a Bath of sweet water for that it wipes away the filth impacted in the Pores of the skin and moves transpiration insensibly is very profitable to some Because Melancholick persons sleep but badly and from long and frequent waking become worse therefore Anodynes and sometimes the more gentle Hypnoticks when there is need may be prescribed to be taken late at night for this end are convenient a Decoction of Cowslip flowers or of the leaves of Lettice or the water of red Poppies or the Syrup of the same Further Emulsions of the Seeds of the white Poppy of the Syrup de Meconio and others that are only agreeable and cherishing of the Spirits As there is an infinite Company of Melancholicks as well as of Fools therefore we shall illustrate our Hypothesis with two Examples only in one of which the Disease begins from the sensitive part of the Soul or the Animal Spirits and the other from its Vital part to wit from the Blood Sometime since a noted person about forty years of Age of a florid countenance chearful and nimble about any business being afflicted in his mind by reason of a certain affair and very much dejected he became thereupon very sad Melancholick and with a dark and cast down countenance When I went first to visit him he complained of a manifold hurry and distraction of thoughts which were so many that he was busâ—ed in his Phantasie almost night and day continually he lived without any sleep Nor were these cares concerning the commonweal or the proper business of his Family nor about the health of his Soul or of his Body was he at all solicitous but was rather troubled perpetually about small matters and of no moment He was so fearful of all things that he presaged loss or death immediately to happen to him upon every small accident And lastly he was so sad as if he would contend in weeâ—â—â—â— with Heraclitus Further he laboured with such a straitness of Heart and so gâ—â—â—â— a constriction that he seemed to feel all his Praecordia to be drawn together like a Purse and he thought that there still lay there an immense burthen and mighty weight under which he imagined he could not go unless stopping towards the Earth Whilst he talked and discoursed with his Friends this constriction of the Praecordia and the weight did somewhat remit but then again they were wont to be repeated more vehemently shaking for fear at any unaccustomed object Nor did he labour only in his Praecordia but with a certain constriction in his whole Body besides and as if a certain burthen lay on the region of his Loins and also on his shoulders and arms The reasons of these Symptoms are clear enough from our Hyphothesis As to the Cure after various Medicines being given without any success I at last perswaded because it was then Summer time that she should drink of our Artificial Spaw Waters for a fortnight Therefore first two quarts of Spring-water being poured upon half a dram of our prepared Steel for a night and afterwards as much in four quarts of water the sick man every morning drunk the clear liquor and within four or five hours he rendered the greatest part of it by Urine He took besides going to sleep and early in the morning a Dose of an appropriate Electuary such as is above described with a Cephalick Iulep within two months he became much better and afterwards by degrees returned to himself Whilst I was writing these a young Noble man being lately returned from his Travels beyond Sea and becoming unhealthy put himself upon our care This person being formerly indued with a Sanguine and chearful temperament splendid in his appearance as also with an acute wit and of a ready ingenuity whilst he travelled in the Countries abroad but one Summer living in Spain he felt a great alteration in himself from the great heats in that place for first of all from the frequent heatings of his Blood he became obnoxious to an heat arising in the palms of his hands and in the bottoms of his feet with prickings over all his body which in a short time vanished Then he found him self very bad as to his Appetite and Sleep moreover being dull and sad he began not to mind yea sometimes to avoid any pleasant business or the converse of his Friends At length his indisposition daily increasing without any evident cause or real trouble of mind he became Melancholick so that being ever thoughtful fearful and sad nothing could delight him for his studies exercises travelling conversation with learned men or any other thing which he before delighted in now became to him a trouble and a terror After this manner being distemper'd for two years he was so changed from himself as if he were another Man For his Cure he had consulted the most skilful Physicians in Spain France and Holland and lastly in England and had tryed several methods of healing almost without any benefit The Melancholick distemper of his blood at first contracted by the intemperature of the Air still remaining and afforded to the Animal regiment Spirits
lawful to declare the event of the Disease either safe or very dangerous or wholely uncertain Truly if any one enjoying formerly a perfect Health should fall into something a cruel Headach and of some long standing by reason of a more strong Evident Cause as drinking of Wine Surfeit Venus immoderate Exercise or such like forasmuch as the fore leading Morbid Cause is not as yet firmly laid we may pronounce such a Distemper to be safe enough and not pertinacious But if the Morbific disposition should be inveterate so that for many years the fits repeat often of their own accord and upon every light occasion this though not dangerously sick yet we predict it not easie to be Cured Further the Cure will be yet more difficult if Hypochondriack or Hysterical Distempers oftentimes troublesome are oft wont to excite the Headach at every turn or if the taint of an inveterate Venereal Disease be rooted in any distemper'd part If that the pain of the Head shall be not only inveterate but almost continual that we might suspect it to arise from an Inflammation or a Scirrhous Tumour an hot Swelling an Imposthum or Worms there is none or very little hope of Cure especially because the sick will refuse great remedies as Salivation or opening the Skull which if they be made use of perhaps at any time with any fruit or success yet the former and this two for the most part are wont to be tedious to the sick before they can effect any thing worth the trouble and expectation The pain of the Head either Continual or Periodical if it be great and hath joyned with it a Vertigo Vomitting or other Convulsive or Soporiferous Distempers shews a suspicion of great danger even which often passes into a deadly Apoplexie and not seldom into an Epilepsie Palsie Blindness Deafness and other funestous and incurable Diseases The Curatory method of the Headach comprehends many Indications and those of a various kind according to the manifold Species Causes and differences of this Disease which will not be an easie thing here to set down and rehearse in order The accidental Pain of the Head with the remote Evident Cause and its consequences ceases for the most part of its own accord or at least is taken away by letting of Blood Rest and Sweat The habitual Pain by reason of the diversity of Causes viz. both the Procatartick and also the Conjunct suggests also different intentions of Healing we shall here briefly touch upon the chief of these and to which all the rest may be placed In every habitual Headach whether Continual or Intermitting there are two chief scopes or intentions of Cure to be met with to which all the other Curatory intentions ought to be aimed and by which we should provide against either Cause of the Morbid Procatarxis 1. To wit in the first place that all the Tinder or inkindling of the Disease be cut off you must endeavour that both the matter flowing to the distempered places of the Head or those evilly disposed or apt from thence to flow to them be supprest or called from thence to another place then moreover that Convulsions in other places excited and that are wont to be propagated from thence into the Head be prevented 2. Then secondly it must be indeavoured if it may be done that the Disease it self or its Conjunct Cause may be rooted out that the places of the Head predisposed to Headaches whether they be only enfeebled or hurt in their Conformation whilst they are defended from the frequent Excursions of the infestous matter may recover their former state and vigour Which kind of Indication though it be very seldom suddenly or wholely performed yet sometimes the Cure is by degrees laboured out by diligence and care however fixed and rooted the Morbid matter be As to what appertains to the first scope of healing which is first and especially to be regarded we said that the Matter or Humours which are wont to be gathered together about the parts of the Head predisposed to the Headach and to excite the fits of the Disease are either the Blood or the Serum or the nourishing or nervous Juice or Liquor Moreover with every one of these Vapours and Effluvia's as also Recrements sometimes Bilous sometimes Melancholic sometimes Acid Salt Sulphureous and of some others of a various kind taken into the Blood from the Viscera sometimes from those and sometimes from these we have shewed to be transferred by its passages into the Headâ— against the force and incursion of all these Medicinal fortifications are to be instituted 1. And in the first place if the leading cause to pains or a disposition thereto lye about the Membranes of the Head for that the Blood being hot and apt to rise up rushes by heaps into the Membranes of the Head and when it cannot easily pass thorow them distending the Vessels above measure and pulling the nervous Fibres excites the fits of this Disease whose signs are a Sanguine temperament heat and a flushing or redness about the head and face also an high pulse and shaking with veins distended with Blood presently it must be endeavoured both that the Blood be made more sedate that it may not be so readily moved into rage or swelling up as also that it be not incited and boiling up may not be carried with a greater tendency or inclination into the Head than into other parts nor in like manner be compelled to stagnate by reason of the bosomes of the Meninges being too full Wherefore if the fit infests long let blood in the Arm or the Jugular Vein out of the fit sometimes it is expedient to take Blood from the Sedal Veins with Leeches to wit by this means that the Blood by chance boiling up may be brought down towards that place to which it often tends of its own accord Let there be Medicines of Vinegar Rosecakes and Nutmeg or some other Epithems or Medicines of the same nature applyed to the Head Also give to drink Iuleps Emulsions or Decoctions which allay the fervour or madness of the Blood Let the Belly be cooled and kept soluble by the use of Clysters Moreover for prevention use at times Whey or spaw-Spaw-waters also drinking of Water a thin and a cooling diet help the shunning of Wine spiced Meats Baths Venus violent motions of the mind or body yea and of all hot things is to be ordered Then for the fixing of the Blood its Effervescencies or growing hot must be prevented for which Distilled Waters Juices of Herbs or Decoctions Electuaries Powders and especially Crystal Mineral are in frequent use There is no need here to add a method or particular forms of Medicines when in this case almost every body labouring is wont to be his own Physician being taught by frequent experience from things hurting or helping 2. It is rarely that the Blood alone or only by it self is
in the fault more often other humors being carried by its passage to the Head and there disposed cause the hurt Therefore when ever the Serous Colluvies or heap goes out from the Blood as was shown but now it causes Headaches frequently the signs of which are Catarrhs about other parts viz. the Nose Mouth or Throat being infested with them then abstinency and rest is to be ordered and that the belly be emptied by a Clyster for the allaying the flux of the Serum and that the matter be suffered to evaporate from the Membranes of the Head if these do not succeed and that the Headach ceases not quickly and of its own accord oftentimes in a more hot Constitution Phlebotomy is convenient to wit because the Vessels being emptied of Blood sup up the extravasated Serum But in frigid tempers Vesicatories or Blisters are of notable use applied to the hinder-part of the Head or nigh the Ears Then after the Belly is emptied by a Clyster the Flux may be allayed by the use of Anodynes or more gentle opiats that being allayed it may be convenient to exhibit a gentle Purge then Medicines which either move by Urine or Sweat or by both together that so they may gently evacuate the superfluous Serosities Medicines fit for this purpose may be every where found in Books which notwithstanding are not to be made use of by Empericks rashly and without distinction but ought to be designed according to the judgment and skill of a prudent Physician always having a respect to the Constitution the temperament and proper disposition of the Patient and to other accidents and circumstances and to be compounded or altered according as the matter requires yea sometimes to be prescribed extempore Wherefore since it will be altogether needless here to heap up many Receipts and a great pile of Medicines it shall be sufficient to propose in this place one or two forms only of every sort of Medicines respecting the chief intentions Take Pills of Amber half a dram Resine of Ialap four grains of Peruvian Balsam what will suffice to make four Pills let three be taken when the Patient goes to sleep and the other in the morning if they work not enough Or Take of sulphurated Scammony half a scruple of the Ceruse of Antimony fifteen grains of the Cream of Tartar eight grains make a Powder to be taken in a spoonful of Grewel early in the morning Take of the Sulphur of Antimony four grains of the Refine of Ialap five grains of the Cream of Tartar six grains bruise them together and with what will suffice of the Conserve of Violets make a Bolus to be taken early in the morning with care or by government Take of the Roots of Butchers-Broom Burdocks Cherefoil Avens each one ounce of preserv'd Eryngo an ounce and an half of the Florentine Iris three drams of the lesser Galangal a dram and an half of the Seeds of Burdock three drams of the dryed leaves of Betony Sage Vervine female Betony each half an handful of Raisins of the Sun stoned two ounces boil these in four pints of fair water till a third part be consumed then add to it of white Wine half a pound strain it and sweeten it if need be with syrup of the Five Roots two ounces take of this six ounces warm twice or thrice in a day a good while after meals For such as are indued with a more Cold and Phlegmatick Constitution the like Decoction of the Wood of Guaicum Sasafrass Sarsaparilla with the addition of the aforesaid Ingredients make an Apozem of which take six or eight Ounces twice or thrice in a day warm For the poor and oftentimes with good success for the rich I was wont to prescribe a Decoction of the dry'd leaves sometimes of Sage or Betony Vervine or Rosemary made of spring-Spring-water and impregnated with the tincture of the Powder of the Berries of Coffee taken warm twice a day about six or eight Ounces 3. If that with the running out Serum Saline Acid Bilous or otherways Infestous particles received either wholely from the Mass of Blood or by its means from the Viscera are carried into the Membranes of the Head and being there fixed bring forth great acute and continual pains then it will be convenient to iterate spareingly the taking away of Blood yea and sometime a gentle Purge to apply cooling Medicines Anodynes and sweetners to the distemper'd places so oftentimes also to exhibite more gentle Hypnoticks or Medicines causing sleep at every turn also Apozems and the Juices of Herbs pressed forth which allay the fervour of Choler carry it forth gently by Stool or Urine and are of known use but in the mean time more sharp Medicines or the more strong whether they be purgative working by Sweat or Urine helping it for that they too much fuse and shake the Blood and Humors are carefully to be shunned I have frequently observed in those labouring with an acute and pertinacious pain in the Head the Serum swimming in the Blood being let forth to be dyed with a yellowness or Bilous Recrements being boiled in it also in this case let Phlebotomy be sparingly but often celebrated and the drinking Whey or Spaw-waters plentifully have helped before any thing else 4. Further by the fault of any Inward as the Stomach Liver Spleen or Womb or of any other by reason of the transmission of an evil Ferment the parts of the Head suffer then in the Cure of the Disease Remedies for the Spleen are to be given with Cephalicks or such as are proper to the Head Hence the Stomach being also in the fault these often times are helpful to such as are troubled with Headaches Elixir Proprietatis the Elixir of Vitriol of Mynsich the sacred Tincture Vitriol of Steel the Powder of Aron Compound and others ordinarily had for the Stomach for others whose heads partake of the evils of the Spleen Chalybeats or Medicines made of Steel often yield help Some Women troubled with Headaches have felt ease from Hysterical Remedies In like manner when the vices of other parts contribute to the Head-ach let there be joyned with the former shown you things to be taken for those parts 5. Sometimes the nourishing Juice as we showed already is the cause of the periodical Headach viz. forasmuch as this being poured on the Blood and not rightly assimilated by reason of disagreeing particles causes a swelling up in it so that the Blood boiling up into the Head carries its leavings or superfluities into the Meninges or into some of their predisposed parts and by this means stir up the Fibres into painful Convulsions I have known many for this cause to have been obnoxious to dayly Headaches whose Mass of Blood hath been vitiated after the Small Pox Measels and other Feavours and sicknesses viz. so many hours after eating sometimes sooner and sometimes later first a flushing of redness in the
Ammoniacum solut what will suffice make four Pills let them be taken with Government The Powder of Haly the Powder of Valesco de Tarenta of Peveda and others are very much commended And indeed in Country bodies or robust this Cathartick may seem convenient Take of Epithimum half an ounce of Agarick Lapis Lazuli each three drams Scammony one dram Cloves thirty make a Powder the Dose is from half a dram to a dram Take of the Powder Diasenna of Diaturbith with Rhubarb each half a dram make a Powder let it be taken in a draught of Posset-drink in a Decoction of Epithimum simple four or five scruples Take of the best Senna two ounces of the Roots of Polypodia of the Oak two ounces of Epithimum one ounce and a half of yellow Citrons half an ounce of Tamarinds one ounce of Coriander seeds six drams boil them in Barnet water four pints till half be consumed strain it and let it be evaporated in a warm Bath to the consistence of a Syrup adding towards the end of pure Manna and of white Sugar each four ounces make a Syrup the Dose is two spoonfuls or three in three ounces of some convenient distilled water or in any other liquor Or Take of the same liquor evaporated to the consistence of Honey six ounces of fresh Cassie four ounces of the jelly of Currans two ounces of Cream of Tartar of the Salt of Wormwood each one dram and a half of the Powder of Diasen two drams of yellow Sanders powder'd two drams mix them and make an Electuary Dose three drams to half an ounce Purging is not to be used continually nor too frequently yea it suffices that it be administred within six or seven days space and at other times let the belly be taken down by Clysters if it be bound As to other Medicines which are not evacuators though the Ancients relied not much upon them we put our greatest confidence of Cure in them For they to whom also many moderns consent thought there was nothing more to be done for the curing of Melancholy than to Purge forth the Melancholick humor wherefore making Purges their chiefest business they instituted the other Medicines called Preparatory only for the sake of this to wit making it their scope that as soon as the humor being reduced to a fit consistency by altering Medicines and that the ways for its excretion were open enough then that it should be carried forth of doors by Purgers Which kind of Hypothesis seems not agreeable neither to reason nor to Medical experience because Melancholick people rather receive hurt than help by often Purging how methodically soever it be instituted Therefore we placing the cause of this Disease in the Dyscrasie of the Blood and Spirits and in the weakness or evil conformation of the Viscera and the Brain esteem altering and corroborating Medicines to be in the first rank for Remedies and for the sake of these that Purgers may be used sometimes between whiles Therefore Purging being rightly prescribed at due intervals for the removing impediments as to the rest you may proceed according to these forms Take of the Conserves of the flowers of Gilliflowers and of Brage each two ounces and a half of the rinds of Myrobalans preserved six drams of Coral prepared and of Pearl each one dram and a half of Ivory and Crabs Eyes each one dram of Confection de Hyacintho two drams of the Syrup of Coral and red Poppy what will suffice make an Electuary take two drams Morning and Evening drinking after it three ounces of the following Iulep or the distilled Water Take of the water of the Flowers of Cowslips and of black Cherries each six ounces of Balm four ounces of Dr. Stephens his Water two ounces of Sugar six drams mingle it and make a Iulep Take of the leaves of Balm Borrage Bugloss Fumitory Water-Cresses and Brooklime each four handfuls of the flowers of Pinks Marigolds Borrage and Cowslips each three handfuls the outer rinds of six Oranges and six Lemons being all cut and bruised pour to them Whey made of Cyder eight pints distil it in a common Still and mix all the liquor together Take of the Powder of Pearl of Ivory of Coral prepared each two drams of the Species Laetificant or making merry of Diarrhod Abbatis each one dram of the Oyl of the rind of Citrons half a scruple of white Sugar dissolved and boiled to the consistence of Lozenges in what will suffice of Balm Water six ounces make Lozenges according to art weighing a dram take two or three at nine of the Clock in the Morning and at five in the Afternoon drinking after it a draught of the distilled Water or of Tea Or Take of the Roots of Chervil of Polypodium of the Oak each one ounce and a half of the leaves of Harts Tongue Ceterach Scolopendria Germander each one handul of Tamarisk half a handful of the bark of the same half an ounce of Raisins of the Sun stoned two ounces one Apple cut let them be cut and bruised and boiled in four pints of Spring-water to the consumption of a third part about the end add of the leaves of Water Cresses one handful let it be strained and clarified take of it six ounces twice or thrice in a day sweteen it with Syrup of Fuâ—itory Spaw-Waters coming from Iron are wont oftentimes to give great benefit for the Curing of Melancholicks to wit because they being plentifully drunk wash out salino-sulphureous Tincture of the Blood and destroy its evil ferment Moreover they wipe clean the silthiness of the Viscera unlock obstructions and what is of great benefit they corroborate by their astriction both the weak and too loose Viscera and also shut up the little mouths of the gaping Vessels of the Brain by which a passage lay open into it for the extraneous matter together with the nervous juice And for this reason to wit by corroborating the Viscera and by locking up the passages of the Head Vitriolickâ— prepared of Iron are wont to be given profitably in Melancholy and also in the Vertigo Take of our Steel prepared three drams put it into a quart of the Water above described take of it three or four ounces twice in a day by it self or with any other solid Medicine Take of the filings of Iron one ounce put it into a glass with the juice of Oranges two ounces let it stand for a day shaking it sometimes then pour to it of the Water of Pipins and of White Wine each one pint or of the more thin and sweet Cyder one quart take of it three ounces twice in a day after the same manner Take of the Vitriol of Steel of the Cream of Tartar of Crabs Eyes each one dram mix them make a Powder and let it be divided into nine parts Take one part every Morning in a draught of the distilled Water or the Decoction or
do any thing knowingly As to what belongs to the Prognostick Stupidity being contracted from the birth or hereditary or happening from unknown causes if it still persists to ripe age it is almost never healed but when it happens that Children being at first dull and almost insensible by reason of the complexions of both their Brain and Spirits being ripened they are made ingenious and docil enough This Disease excited from an evident solitary cause as from an hurt of the Head or a violent passion also coming upon an inveterate Epilepsie if it continues for some time it is afterwards incurable What succeeds a Lethargy and any other sleepy Diseases depends chiefly on the hurt of the Memory and sometimes vanishes of its own accord those Distempers being cured Therefore when in these cases the cure of Stupidity is instituted here are convenient almost the same method of healing and Remedies which we have prescribed in the Preservatory Indication of the Lethargy the chief intentions of which are that the Animal Spirits being freed from any torpor or benummedness cut forth or frame Pores and passages within the translucid Brain and may be expanded truly in them Sometimes a Feavour has cured some Fools and stupid and render'd them more acute Huartus tells of a certain man that was a Fool in the Court of Corduba that being distemper'd with a malignant Feavour came so much to himself in the midst of the Disease and with that judgment and discretion that the whole Court stood in admiration and so remained his whole life afterwards one of the most prudent men of his time We our selves have known a certain man of a very blunt Boeotick or dull wit who talking idly in a Feavour most suddenly brought forth most acute speeches and seasoned with a great deal of salt or ingenious wit Further we before spoke of a generous old Gentleman who having lost his memory and so the use of discourse received great help by the distemper of a Feavour happening afterwards the reason of which seems to be because the feavourish burning sometimes rarefies and dispels the darkness covering the Brain As to what respects the cure of this Disease Stupidity whether innate or acquired if it be not plainly Madness or Stolidity uncapable of all learning though it may not be cured yet is often wont to be amended Wherefore it must be the work both of a Physician and a Teacher that the wit of such that are so affected may be somewhat trimmed and they being at least brought to the use of reason in a little measure may be accounted out of the number of Brutes For this end because dull or senseless Beetles or the more dull Loggerheads or Blockheads do not readily learn the common notions of things no more than Children the first elements of letters therefore they are to be instituted in all things by the frequent care of a Master and the same things are again and again to be inculcated to them For by this means the Spirits though slow and torpid are a little sharpened by perpetual exercise and they being continually excited in the Brain how rude and crasse soever they be do cut forth at length for their expansion some tracts or passages though more imperfect But that this may the more happily and easily succeed medical Remedies ought to be administred which may purifie and volatize the Blood and nervous Liquor together with the Animal Spirits and also that may clarifie the Brain and render it as it were Diaphanous For the purifying the Blood let there be sometimes administer'd a gentle Purge and Phlebotomy in a small quantity if there be strength several times for that end also Issues are convenient in the Arm or Leg or both for the driving the filthiness from the Brain In fat folks and such as are indowed with a moist Head let them sometimes be made between the shoulders Further some in this case cry up with wonderful praises a Trepaning by which the Brain may more freely breath forth and evaporate Let their diet be light and attenuating their dwelling in a free air and dry their sleep moderate After these have for some time been administred in the ordinary and usual manner if that in the left part of the breast there is no beating of the heart in the Arcadian youth or if there be no sign of hopes it will be in vain to spend labour and pains and Medicines any further on them but if by the use of these any signs of help or any hopes appear sometimes it will be to the purpose to add to these altering Remedies to be daily taken at medical hours for a long time The Recipes or Formula's of these are already delivered in our Pharmaceutice for the taking away the foregoing causes of most Cephalick Diseases and thence may be taken moreover what do besides respect this particular case we think here good to add being some magisterial Receipts Take of the Spirits of Armoniacum succinated or with Amber six drams let it be given from fifteen to twenty drops Evening and Morning in three spoonfuls of the following distilled water drinking after it seven spoonfuls of the same Take of the fresh leaves of Misletoe of the Apple tree six handfuls of the lesser Sage Rosemary Savory the greater Rocket Mother of Thyme Calaminths Penyroyal Marjoram each four handfuls of the roots of Angelica of Imperatoria each six ounces of Zedoary the lesser Galingal of the Aromatick Reed of Winterans Bark each two ounces of Cloves Nutmegs Mace Cinnamon Ginger each one ounce of Cubebs Cardamums Grains of Paradise each six drams all of these being cut and bruised small together pour to them twelve pints of the best Canary let them be digested cold and close shut in a vessel for three days then distilled according to art let the whole liquor be mixed together and sweetned with Sugar when it is taken The Dose is two or three ounces After the use of the Spirits of Armoniack for fifteen or twenty days other Medicines about that time may have their turns such as Spirits of Harts-horn of Sut Humane Skull Tinctures of Coral Antimony Castor Amber the Elixir Vitae Quercitani Elixir Proprietatis Spirits of Lavender c. Or Take of the Conserves of the flowers of the Lilie of the valley six ounces of the roots of Acori veri preserved six drams of Ginger preserved in India of preserved Nutmeg each half an ounce of Species Diambrae two drams of Lignum Aloes yellow Saunders the pickt roots of Zedoary of Cubebs of Iamaica Pepper each one dram and a half of Coral prepared two drams of the Syrup of Candied Ginger what will suffice make an Electuary The Dose two drams Morning and Evening drinking after it of the distilled Water three ounces For those whose Brain is too abounding with moisture let them drink every Morning a draught of Coffee with Sage leaves
Face then a fullness in the Head and a pain would infest them and especially after drinking of Wine or eating of Meats apt to swell up they would be more vexed The coming of the Disease is wont to keep its distance according as Meats are taken more or less as the Chyme begins to swell up either a little after its first entring into the Blood or after a little stay in it This Distemper is free from danger and for the most part is easily enough Cured After a provision of the whole a gentle Purge and sometimes Blood-letting being ordered Remedies profit most which restore the Complexion of the Blood such chiefly are Antiscorbuticks and Chalybeates Take of the Conserve of Fumitory of Tansie and Wood-Sorrel each two ounces of the Powder of Aron Compound three drams of Ivory Crabs-Eyes Coral prepared each one dram Powder of yellow Saunders and Lignum Aloes each half a dram of the Vitriol of Steel one dram of the Salt of Wormwood a dram and a half of the Syrup of the Five Roots what will suffice to make an Electuary Take of it in the morning and at five a clock in the afternoon the quantity of a Chesnut drinking after it three ounces of the following liquor Taâ—e of the water of the leaves of Aron of Vervine of Elderflowers each six ounces of the Water of Snails and the Magisterial of Earth-worms each two ounces of Sugar one ounce Mingle them Hither may be brought various Remedies that are wont to be made use of against the Scorbutick Dyscrasie or evil disposition of the Blood and may be given with good success For Headaches which are so familiar in the Scurvy oftentimes proceed from the vice of the Blood perverting the nutritious Humor and carrying its Recrements to the Membranes of the Head Wherefore Remedies against that Distemper in another place noted by me may be used here 6. There yet remains another humor to wit the nervous Liquor which being heaped up within the Fibres of the Meninges and of other parts of the Head sometimes becomes improportionate by its proper incongruity to the Fibres because sharp or otherways degenerate sometimes pulls the containing parts and provokes them into painful Convulsions or Distentions because it grows hot with some other Humor flowing thither to wit the Nutritious or the Serous The Nervous Humor when it is so Morbific or faulty in its whole Mass carries its evil to the predisposed Head or if of it self innocent is perverted within the distemper'd Fibres and so secondarily becomes Morbific or Diseased then the Cure of it depends upon the restitution of the containing parts to wit if the Debilities or the hurt Conformation of the Fibres may be mended presently the Humor watering them will be free from fault We shall tell you by and by by what Remedies the vices of the parts predisposed to Headaches may be taken away In the mean time if the nervous humor being degenerate in the whole Mass imparts its evil to the Head prepared for pain those kind of Medicines and method are to be made use of by which it being reduced to its due Constitution passing thorow those Fibres it little or nothing provokes them For which end neither letting of Blood nor yet strong Purges are at all convenient because those things which shake the Blood and Humors and lessen strength impress by that means a greater sharpness and rage to the faulty Nerve But gentle Solutives and a sparing taking of Blood sometimes may be useful whereby the Inwards may be cleansed and the bloody Mass somewhat purged and a way made for other Medicines that may better succeed But Medicines which render the nervous Liquor more friendly and benigne to the Membranes of the Head that are wont to be troubled by it are of that sort commonly called Cephalicks whose particles being active thin and subtil pass thorow the Blood without trouble or tumult then insinuating themselves with the nervous Liquor gently move it and so cause the nervous passages to be unfolded so that the Animal Spirits more freely beam forth thorow all the Bodies both sensible and motive and inspire them without any lessening Convulsions or irregular distentions These kind of Remedies although they are not always effectual yet they oftentimes take away some Headaches not much inveterate and in some help sometimes how pertinacious soever they be Further the same which are prescribed with good success for the pains of the Head are also for the distempers of the Brain and Nervous Stock and so on the contrary what are used for these also for those to wit the virtues of those being unfolded within the Head against the Apoplexy Palsie Lethargy and other Diseases a-kin to them help also within the moving Fibres against Convulsions and Convulsive Motions besides putting forth their virtues within the sensible Fibres they often give help to pains A very large field of these Medicines are opened in physical Books yet so that the poorness of them and their abundance bring confusion to the Method of healing for oftentimes among so many various and different Remedies heaped up together lye hid or obscured what may be of great use but even as Wheat among Chaff harder to be separated than that to be thorowly sifted out from the husks Therefore in this case a provision of the whole being made and applyed and things given which by Dyet or Medicine restrain the Inordinations of the Blood and immediately allay them Medicines called Cephalicks or such as take away the disorders of the nervous Juice are prescribed to be carefully taken I shall add some few forms of these Take of the Conserve of the Flowers of Betony of Clove-gilliflowers each three ounces of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony half an ounce of Cretick Dittanny one dram of the wood Aloes and yellow Sanders each one dram of red Coral prepared of Pearl of Ivory each one dram and a half of the Salt of Vervine one dram and a half of the Syrup of the Flowers of Poeony what will suffice make an Opiat take of it to the quantity of a Chesnut drinking after it of the following Iulep three ounces Take of simple black Cherry water and of Walnuts and of Vervine each four ounces of Cowslip Flowers three ounces of Poeony Compound two ounces of Sugar-Candy six drams Take of the Flowers of Vervine Misleto Berries each ten handfuls of the male Poeony Roots two pound of Mace and Nutmegs each half an ounce of Coriander Seeds one ounce cut and bruise them and put to them eight pints of new-milk or else seven pints of Milk and one pint of Malago Distil them in a common Still and mix all the liquor together Take of it three ounces at a time Take of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony half an ounce of red Coral prepared two drams of Ivory and Pearls prepared
good dyet let her take also Morning and Evening a Dose of Cephalick Powder or Electuary drinking after it a draught of Posset drink with the leaves of Sage or Betony or the Roots or Seeds of Poeony boiled in it Let the Infant take twice a day a spoonful of proper Distilled Water Let him have an Issue made in the nape of the Neck and let it lye sometimes on one side and sometimes on the other and rarely or never on its back If a Neck-lace of Coral or little balls of the Seeds or Roots of the male Poeony be worn about the Neck or at the pit of the Stomach it is not altogether useless if that in sleep being often and grievously shaken they are seen to be more dangerously troubled with this Distemper let Blisters be raised in the hinder part of the Neck or behind the Ears also Evening and Morning let there be daily given a Dose of the Powder of Ammoniacum or other proper Dose in a spoonful of Distilled Water or Iulep CHAP. VII Of the Vertigo or a turning round in the Head HAving viewed the exterior compass of either part of the Head and detected the Diseases which beset the sensitive soul about the first beginnings and last springs of the Animal Spirits we shall next descend to the middle part of the Brain where the phantasie and common sense reside and behold what kind of passions these parts are obnoxious to Concerning this in the first place we shall note that sometimes troops or rather mighty armies of Spirits inhabiting these places are affected and sometimes also small handfuls or bands then again many of them are affected together or else only a few at a time or they become Elastick from an heterogeneous Copula and so are compelled into inordinate motions or as it were explosive or shooting off as in the Epileptick fit or suffering an eclipse as in the Apoplexy are deprived of all motion Concerning the former disposition of the Spirits we have formerly treated largely enough and the astonishing Disease we shall handle afterwards But in this place we shall speak of a certain Passion or distemper belonging to these parts viz. the Vertigo in which a certain band or handful of the Spirits are affected and their motions are seen to be partly perverted and partly suppressed Being but little solicitous about the names by which the Vertigo is wont to be known we shall describe the nature or formal reason of it after this manner viz. The Vertigo is an Affection or Distemper in which the visible objects seem to turn round and the sick feel a perturbation or confusion of the Animal Spirits in the Brain that they do not rightly flow into the Nerves Wherefore the visive and the loco-motive faculties do often in some measure fail that those labouring with it fall and oftentimes are covered with darkness In this fit it is observed that the imagination and the common sense are in a manner deceived whilst they believe the quiet objects to be moved but the rational judgment remains for we understand our error and we presently ascribe this fallacy to the inordination of the Animal Spirits for that we plainly know that the spirits flowing within the Brain do decline from their wonted irradiation or beaming forth and do not rightly perform the offices of motion and sensation during the fit That we may find out the Morbific Cause and the preternatural manner of the Vertigo we shall inquire after what manner this same affection or Distemper how extempory or sudden soever it be is wont to be excited from non-natural things for men ordinarily become Vertiginous or have a turning in their head with a long turning round of the body looking down from an high place passing over Bridges Sailing and by Drunkenness and many other ways It will be worth our while to consider a little further the means of affecting by which these exterior actions stir up this turning or rolling about from whence it will the better appear what kind of intrinsick causes â—ay be able to excite this passion In the first place therefore when men are foâ—â—ome time turned about both in that motion all things seem to be turned about and also they ceasing from turning about that still continues in the phantasie so that the affected oftentimes fall to the ground further though they shut their eyes they still perceive as it were a turning round like the turning about of a Mill in the Brain The reason of these is not that the deception of the sight is first brought to the eyes and afterwards continued for some time because this affection is caused by the turning round of the body whether they look with or shut their eyes But indeed the cause of this apparition wholly depends upon the fluid substance of the animal spirits For that the spirits flowing within the Brain are even like to water or a thick heap of Vapors included in a Phial which being shaken round about together with the Vessel and made so to turn about continues for a time that motion though the Vessel stands still in like manner also when the body of a man is turned round about the spirits inhabiting the Brain from that turning about of the Head like the containing Vessel are agitated into spiral or round motions and when therefore they cannot irradiate the Nerves with their wonted influx and direct beams from hence oftentimes a Scotomy or dizzness and a failing of the feet together with a rotation or whirling about of visible objects are induced The visible Hemisphere seems to turn round because as the sensible impression is received by the means of the recipient so the objects as the spirits seem to be moved round about Secondly looking from on high and passing over Bridges stir up a Vertigo or giddiness in the Head for that there is a terror cast on the imagination from unaccustomed objects as also from the site of the body or going in danger whence that being very solicitous how it should rightly order and more firmly direct the spirits into the bodies of the Nerves calls them back into the middle part of the Brain and so perverts them from their wonted afflux and irradiation and whilst it indeavours to set their battel in better array and to direct them more surely by too great a care drives them into a certain confusion and irregular motion Wherefore 't is observed that drunken men and very bold because they are not careful or solicitous concerning the guiding of the animal spirits suffer no such thing Sailing or riding in a Coach causes a turning in the Head by the like reason as the turning round of the Body because the very fluid spirits being too much agitated like water shaken in a Glass leap hither and thither disorderly Further it is wholly for the same reason why many going by Ship or by Coach are subject also to cruel Vomiting to wit because the spirits being snatched
evident cause so that oftentimes the distemper'd are well enough but by reason of their evil manner of living or other accidents they become Vertiginous but sometimes this Distemper becoming habitual they are found to be obnoxious to it almost at all times Secondly As to the feat of this Disease there is a notable difference for this is sometimes more outward as is seen happening in the Callous body and hath almost only the tumults and failings of the Spirits and the wandring inconstant and often confused acts of notions and sense in the forepart of the Head but sometimes the Morbific matter falling down more backward about the streaked bodies stirs up the Scotomy or turning of the Head and a loss or failing of the motive function that oftentimes the Eyes are darkened and they reel or stumble and their Legs fail them As to the prognostick of this Disease the symptomatick or accidental Vertigo yea almost all the others while fresh are free from much danger and are easily to be Cured But the habitual and almost continual although great danger and suddenly to fall is rarely threatned yet because it admits of only a difficult and long Cure it so tires out both the Patient and the Physician that before the Disease can be Cured they both become weary of one another The primary Vertigo being placed before or more outward which hath scarce a darkness or falling accompanying it is more safe and healable but is often changed into an inveterate Headach and sometimes also it is cured of it self by an Haemorrhage or bleeding at the nose or by a flowing down of the Haemorrhoids it is also oftentimes taken away by Medicine The Vertiginous Distemper arising behind and intercepting the beamings forth of the Spirits into the Nerves is far more dangerous and oftentimes passes into an Apoplexy or a Palsie or into Convulsive Diseases There does not properly belong to the symptomatick Vertigo any Curatory Method There it is only needful to joyn some Cephalick Remedies discussing the clouds of the Brain and quieting the disorders of the Spirits to those other primary indications or rather that we may speak to the capacity of the vulgar which ought to be done sometimes though feignedly let some Medicines contrary to Vapors be added The accidental Vertigo or any other fresh or newly taken may be healed with Phlebotomy and a gentle Purge and sometimes iterated but that the Disease may be more certainly extirpated let there be besides administer'd carefully Cephalick Remedies such as are anon described For the Cure of an habitual Vertigo and become inveterate there ought to be instituted almost the like method as is against most other Cephalick Diseases which suggests these three chief intentions of healing viz. in the first place must be endeavoured that the root or nest of the Disease may be cut off and that the brain may remain free from any new flowings in of the Morbific matter for which end a right order of dyet being commanded sometimes letting of blood and most often a gentle Purge in the intervals are convenient Let a dry and open air be chosen let immoderate and untimely sleep and study be shunned let morning and evening draughts be wholly abstained from in the place of the former let a draught of Tea or Coffee with Sage leaves boiled in it be given Let an Issue be made in the Leg or Arm and sometimes let the Hemorrhoidal Vessels be kept open with Leeches let the distemper'd rise early in the morning and wash every day the fore-part of his Head with water and also his Temples and rub them with a course cloth Secondly The second curatory intention is to take away the Procatartick or more remote foregoing causes wherefore endeavour that both the Dyscrasie or evil disposition of the Blood may be removed and also that the weak and too loose constitution of the Brain may be mended For the former altering remedies chiefly are convenient as temperate Antiscorbuticks and sometimes Spaw Waters or Whey To which always may be added for the latter indication Cephalick Medicines to wit such as are prepared of Coral Amber humane Skull the root of the male Poeony Misleto the dung of a Peacock and the like the forms of which we shall shew you by and by The third Intention which is properly curatory endeavours to take away the Conjunct Cause of this Disease which however the Procatartick Causes being removed for the most part ceases of it self for if the coming of every extraneous Matter into the Brain be cut off there will remain nothing but pure and clear Spirits and they having gotten open and free spaces within the Callous Body will from thence flow forth on every side However for the scope of healing this you must prosecute it with the former with Medicines indued with a volatile salt whose particles being very subtil and active do refresh the Animal Spirits of which sort are chiefly Spirits of Harts-Horn Sut of Sal Armoniack c. impregnated with Amber and humane Skull Tinctures of Coral Amber Antimony Elixir of Poeony c. These things being premised concerning the Vertigo in general it will seem to the purpose to draw or shadow forth the Curatory Method particularly and as it were to direct you by a thred and in the first place is shewn what is to be done for the Cure in the fit and what out of it for prevention 1. As to the first although the invasion of the Vertigo seem cruel it is for the most part without danger and easily passes over of its own accord In such a case if the Pulse shews it let Phlebotomy be made use of after having given a Glyster but because the sick think themselves dying and expect medicinal help in that case let there be Blisters made in the Neck and stinking things held to the Nose as Castor the Spirits or Salt of Harts-horn or Urine or of Sal Armoniack Further let these Spirits be given twice or thrice a day with a convenient Dose of Cephalick Iulep going to sleep let them take a Bolus of Mithridate with the Powder of Castor let them take the next day if the Distemper doth not yet vanish a light Purge or if the sick be prone or easie to Vomit an Emetick than which a better Remedy can scarce be taken Take Pills of Amber twenty five grains of the Resine of Ialap six grains of Tartar Vitriolated seven grains of the Balsom of Peru what will suffice to make four Pills to be taken going to bed or early in the morning Or Take of the Sulphur of Antimony five grains of the Cream of Tartar half a scruple of Castor seven grains make a Powder Let it be taken with care expecting to Vomit That Vomiting Medicines do oftenest help in the Vertigo besides the testimony of Authors appears plain enough also from common observation and besides since those troubled with the Vertigo do often Vomit of their
own accord many have been of the opinion that the cause of this Disease most commonly lyes hid in the stomach but it is much otherways and as we have elsewhere shewed Vomiting frequently follows upon the Spirits being disturbed in the Brain But that Vomits help much in this Disease the reason is because this kind of Physick causes a great revulsion of the humors from the Brain and very much restrains the Spirits tumultuating in it When the Membranes and Fibres of the Ventricle and Viscera planted nigh them are pulled various humors viz. the nervous serous watery pancratick and cholerick are drawn into those parts and so squeesed forth so that the Head being freed from their flowing to it doth easily shake off from it many impacted there before then as to the Animal Spirits we have shewed somewhere that there is a most intimate commerce and agreement between those inhabiting the stomach and those dwelling in the Brain to wit that therefore the grateful or ingrateful affection of the Ventricle from things taken into it might bring rejoycing or dejection to the Spirits dwelling in the Brain Opiates whilst they lye in the stomach cause sleep in like manner it doth not a little help in the Vertigo and other Cephalick Diseases whereby the Spirits of the Brain wandring up and down and agitated enormously may be repressed and returned into order if their Companions or Kindred be striken down by the working of the Medicine because whilst many are called forth from the Brain to their assistance the others remaining remitting their disorders resume their wonted offices or functions without doubt it is for this reason chiefly Emeticks bring so often help in the Distemper of madness so that Empericks do almost only use them 2. But to return from our digression let us consider what is to be done for the Curing of an inveterate and almost continual Vertigo out of the fit Therefore first a method being instituted concerning bleeding and purging according to the constitution and strength of the Patient and after rest to be repeated let a Vomit also by my advice be taken once a month if nothing to the contrary hinders it for which end let there be given to the weaker after the stomach is filled with slippery Meats Wine and Oxymel of Squils to about two or three ounces and after it let a great quantity of Posset-drink be drunk with Carduus boiled in it that the Patient may vomit of himself or by provocation To others may be given an Emetick of the Salt of Vitriol or the Sulphur of Antimony or of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum as concerning Issues Blisterings the bleeding at the Hemorrhoidal Veins Plasters or quilted Caps to be worn upon the Head or other Topicks to be applied to the soals of the Feet or to the wrists for revulsion or derivation sake let the Physician deliberate Take of the Conserve of the Flowers â—f the male Poeony fix ounces of the Powder of its Root one ounce of the Seeds of Poeony powder'd two drams of Amber Coral Pearls powder'd of each two drams and a half of the Salt of Coral one dram of the Syrup of Coral what will suffice to make an Electuary the Dose is one dram and an half or two drams Evening and Morning drinking after it of the following distilled water three ounces Take of the fresh leaves of Misleto six handfuls of the root of the male Poeony and of Angellico each one pound and an half of the whitest dung of the Peacock two pound of Cardamoms bruised two ounces of Castâ—r three drams all being cut small and mixt together pour to them eight pints either of White Wine or Whey made of it Let them be distilled in fit Stills and the whole liquor mixed together Take of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony half an ounce of red Coral prepared of Species Diambrae each one dram and a half of the Powder of the Flowers of the male Poeony fresh bruised and dryed in the Sun one dram make a Powder to which add of the whitest Sugar dissolved in the water of Poeony and boiled to the consistence of Tablets ten ounces of this make Lozenges according to art each weighing half a dram eat one or two of them often in a day Because all things are not convenient to all Men and that the Physician ought to try diverse Medicines and institute various methods and to try now this now that therefore we shall here add some other forms of another kind Take of our Syrup of Steel six ounces and drink a spoonful of it in the Morning and at five in the Evening with the distilled water but now described or any other Cephalick to the quantity of three ounces or take of our Tincture of Steel from fifteen to twenty drops in a draught of the same distilled water twice in a day I have known this to have given notable help to many Let there be given daily after the same manner Doses sometimes of the Spirit of Sut Harts-born or of Sal Armoniack impregnated with Coral Amber or the Skull of a Man or of the Tincture of Antimony Amber or Coral Take of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony one ounce and an half of the Seeds of Poeony Coral prepared and of the whitest Amber each three drams of Pearls prepared of the Powder of the Flowers of the male Poeony fresh bruised and dryed in the Sun of each two drams of Sugar-Candy one ounce make a Powder and take one dram twice in a day with a draught of Tea or Coffee or a Decoction of Sage or Rosemary For poor people may be prescribed Powder of the leaves of the Apple-tree Misleto dryed in the Sun and powder'd to the quantity of a dram to be taken twice in a day Or take of the whitest Peacocks dung six ounces of the Powder of the Flowers of the male Poeony one ounce of Sugar two ounces make a Powder of which let them take a spoonful twice in a day in some convenient liquor Let those troubled with the Vertigo drink for their ordinary drink small Ale with leaves of the Orchard Misleto boiled in it instead of Hops and in the Vessel holding about four gallons let a little bag be hanged in which put half a pint of Peacocks dung and three drams of Cloves bruised Examples of those labouring with the Vertigo are so frequently met withal and almost daily that there seems no need to add here any but however that the image or type of this Disease may be known I shall only mention some few and more rare cases A Divine about sixty years of age after he had been troubled for about three months with a light Vertigo or as it were a frequent coruscation or brandishing of the Spirits in the fore part of the Head at length the Disease growing worse he became ready to fall and with a darkness before his eyes
blood being too hot or swelling up is wont sometimes to bring in the Morbific cause or at least to increase it and the same sinking down and becoming more setled sometimes carries it away therefore in the first place you ought to deliberate concerning the moderating its course And hâ—re a question arises concerning the placing of the Patient to wit whether he ought presently to be put to bed or to be detained out of it for some time some religiously observe the latter and that not without reason to wit because in Bed there is a greater propensity to sleep and the blood growing hot and flaming forth more plentifully by reason of the heat of the Bed-cloaths pours forth still more recrementitious matter into the distemper'd Brain on the contrary whilst the sick is thinly cloathed and placed in a Chair the blood flows more slowly and the sinking Vessels seem more apt rather to sup back the humors out of the Head than to send them thither Wherefore if the Patient be strong enough it will be expedient perhaps to let him stay out of bed for six or eight hours till the fâ—ux of the Morbific Matter passes over and the course of the Blood be made more quiet by Phlebotomy and other Remedies carefully administred but the weak and who are of a tender constitution let them be put to bed as soon as they are smitten But let not the sick whether in bed or up lye upon his back but with his head somewhat upright and inclining either to one side or the other Phlebotomy necessary almost in all Apoplectical persons is not to be deferred but the Blood is copiously drawn back by a strong Clyster In the Clyster may be dissolved the Species of Hierae Diacolycinthia and a troubled Infusion of Crocus Metallorum Let a large Blistering Plaster be applied to the hinder part of the Head and other drawing Cataplasms to the Legs and Feet Let the Temples and Nostrils be anointed with proper Oyls and Balâ—oms and let painful rubbings be used almost to the whole Body In the mean time let things that stir up the Animal Spirits and help them out of their bonds be given them viz. Spirits of Harts-horn Sut and the like with a Cephalick Iulep After this the sick being placed in the bed if he be able and doth easily Vomit let an Emetick be given him of the Salt of Vitriol Oxymel of Squills or an Infusion of Crocus Metallorum and then with a Feather put down the throat provoke vomiting four or five times drinking between whiles Posset-drink Vomiting being over let there be given Comforters as the Elixir Vitae of Quercitan Spirits of Lavender or Camphorated Treacle Tincture of Poeony or of Amber or of Coral with Apoplectical Water or other appropriate Waters in a convenient Dose and repeated as the business requires On the second day the same Remedies being still continued let dry Cupping-Glasses or with Scarification be applied between the shoulders or to the hinder part of the Neck or if more blood ought to be taken away let the jugular Vein be opened the Clyster repeated apply to the Nose Spirit of Sal Armoniack or a fume of Galbanum boiled in strong Vinegar Besides let Errhines or Sneezing Powders and things to chew in the mouth to draw away Rheum be used Then in the Evening let a Purge be ordered of Pil. Rudii or a Solutive Electuary of Roses dissolved in some liquor None of these things helping though there be small or no hope the top of the Head being shaven let glowing Iron be held over it or a large Blister made upon it and let the other part especially the Forehead and forepart of the Head be bathed with Bezâ—ardick Vinegar let Leeches be set to the Temples or behind the Ears let also a large Dose of Spirits of Harts-horn or of Sut be often poured down the throat these and other the like administrations are to be used till you see death at hand which as Celsus faith these sort of Remedies only defer but some times hasten life The Prophylactick or preventive Method respects both those who have been troubled with one or more fits and also those who are seen to be prone to it as those who are born of Apoplectick Parents or are frequently obnoxious to the Vertigo the Incubus or Swooning away also such who have short and brawny Necks Let Purging and Bleeding be ordered Spring and Fall where it is convenient as to the former those who are easie to vomit let them first take an Emetick of the infusion of Crocus Metallorum with the Salt of Vitriol or of the Sulphur of Antimony and then after three or four days let there be given a Dose of Pil. Rudii or of Amber and after a due distance between let it be repeated three or four times Let two large Issues be made between the shoulders or if that place doth not please some let them be made in one of the Arms and in the opposite Leg. On other days free from purging let altering and Cephalick Medicines be taken twice a day Take of the Conserves of the Flowers of the Lilies of the valley or of the male Poeony six ounces of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony half an ounce of humane Skull prepared three drams of the Seeds and the Flowers of the male Poeony powdered each two drams of red Coral prepared of Pearls and of the whitest Amber each one dram of the Salt of Coral four scruples of the Syrup of the Flowers of the male Poeony what will suffice to make an Electuary The Dose two drams morning and evening drinking after it two or three ounces of the following Water Take of the Roots of the male Poeony of Imperatorian Angelica each half a pound of the Root of Zedoary of the lesser Galangal each one ounce of the leaves of the Orchard Mifleto of Rue Sage and Betony each four handfuls of the outer rind of ten Orenges and eight Lemons of Cardomums Cloves Nutmegs each half an ounce all being cut and bruised pour to them of white Wine in which two pints of the dung of the Peacok hath been infused for a day ten pints let them infuse close shut for three days then distil it according to art and let the whole liquor be mixed together Take of the Species of Diambrae two drams of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony of Zedoary picked each one dram and a half of Pearl one dram of the Oyl of the purest Amber half a dram of the whitest Sugar half a dram being dissolved in six ounces of the water of Poeony and boiled up to a consistence make Lozenges according to art each weighing half a dram Let the Patient eat one or two often in a day at his pleasure Within the fifteenth or twentieth day that the Remedies may not be irksome and may profit the better let them be
changed therefore instead of the Electuary let there be substituted for two or three weeks sometimes the Spirit of Sal Armoniack with Amber or Coral or else impregnated with humane Skull or Castor sometimes Elixir of Poeony or Tincture of Amber or Coral or Elixir Vitae of Quercitan or the simple mixture also instead of it may be drunk compounded Waters or Water of black Cherries or Walnuts or the simple Waters of Rosemary or Lavender sometimes a draught of Posset-drink with Flowers of the male Poeony or the Lilies of the valley boiled in it or a draught of Tea or Coffee in the morning let the water of which it is prepared have such ingredients first boiled in it or let Chocolate be prepared after this same manner Take of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony of humane Skull prepared each half an ounce of the Species of Diambrae two drams make a Powder to every paper add of the Kirnels of the Cocoe Nuts one pound of Sugar what will suffice of this make Chocolate take of it half an ounce or six drams every Morning in a draught of the Decoction of Sage or of the Flowers of Poeony or such like Take of the Powder of the Root of the male Poeony of humane Skull prepared each one ounce and a half of the pick'd Root of Zedoary Cretick Dittany Angelica Contrayerva each two drams make a fine Powder of them all add to it of the yellow of Orenges and Lemons Candied each two ounces let all be beaten to a Powder take about half a dram or a dram an hour before and after meals For ordinary drink let a Vessel of four gallons be filled with ordinary Ale in which six handfuls of white Horehound dryed had been boiled of Anacardine and Cardomums cut and beaten each one ounce and a half of it make a bag to hang in it First of all a very strict dyet ought to be ordered let a temperate dry and open air be chosen let good and wholesome meats be eaten and slender meals Let suppers be sparingly taken or none at all Let noon-sleeps drinking bouts and other customary things about the non-naturals be shunned I could here propose many Histories of Apoplectical persons to wit of some who were once or twice touch'd and yet living and of others who have dyed at the first assault or in the second or third fit The most Reverend Father in God the Lord Gilbert Archbishop of Canterbury recovered of a grievous Apoplectical Fit six years ago God prospering our medicinal help to whom we render eternal thanks and from that time though he sometimes suffer'd some light skirmishes of the Disease yet he never fell or became speechless or senseless But we shall not stay upon this or other examples to unfold them largely because there is nothing in them very rare that may illustrate the Aetiology of this Disease Some of their dead Carcases I have dissected but only of such as the cause of death was from some former great hurt of the head as some blow or by means of some blast in all which the extravasated Blood or an Imposthum was the cause of their death We have been prohibited often by their Friends from opening those dying of an habitual Apoplexy who expecting to have them revive again held it as a deadly thing and so wholly forbid Anatomy But I shall here relate a notable Anatomical observation taken about five years since at Oxford An ancient Divine an honest and a godly Man indued with a fat body a short and brawny Neck being long unhealthy and living a sedentary life contracted a very Scorbutick evil disposition being troubled with a difficult and laborious breathing with an heaviness of the Head and unwonted numness was scarce able to endure any thing of labour or exercise more than that he daily went and came from his Chamber to the Chapel and Hall one Morning he came to the Chapel a little before Prayers begun and while he was on his knees he was suddenly struck and immediately became speechless and senseless and fell on the ground but being carried thence and his cloaths taken off he was put into a warm Bed I and other Physicians being presently sent for and coming as soon as we could possibly we found him not only without Pulse sense and breathing but all his Body cold and quite stiff nor could he be recalled to life or heat by any Remedies or ways of administrations though used for some time by which we suspected that the Pulse of his heart was wholly hindred at the first stroke and that its flame being put out presently all motion of the Blood was suppressed The next day seeing the Carcase dead enough and stiff we opened it nothing doubting but that the Distemper so suddenly mortal would shew clear marks of it within the Head But there or in any other part was not the least shadow of this most cruel Disease The Vessels watering the Meninges were moderately filled with Blood without any Inflammation or Extravasation The Brain the Cerebel and the oblong Marrow with all their processes and prominences appeared every where thoroughout firm and well coloured both without and within nor was there any Serum or Blood poured forth any where within the Pores or passages nor yet within the greater Ventricles nor heaped up yea the Choroeidal Infoldings placed both within the cavity of the Brain and behind the Cerebel seem'd free from all fault so that the Morbific matter equally thin and subtil like the Animal Spirits whom it affected remained wholly invisible and we could only argue its presence by the effect But lest this should lye hid some where without the Head after the contents of the head were diligently inspected we came to the Breast where the discoloured Lungs being through the whole stuffed with a frothy matter manifestly shewed the cause of the short and difficult breathing But the Heart was sound and firm enough free from any obstruction or fleshy Concretions Further neither in the neighbouring parts or in others about the Viscera was found any Imposthum or Ulcer by whose contact or stink the Heart could be suddenly oppressed or the Vital Spirits if this be possible might be choaked Wherefore in this case nothing could be suspected else but that the Animal Spirits implanted within the middle of the Cerebel were put to flight and as it were extinguished suddenly by some malignant or narcotick or otherways deadly Particles so that the motion of the Heart presently failing like the first moving wheel in a Clock or Watch immediately all the other functions their impulses being taken away wholly ceased CHAP. IX Of the Palsie THE middle of the Brain or the Callous Body to which we have assigned the seat of the Vertigo and Apoplexy seems also to be the primary distemper'd place in the Epilepsie Concerning which as also concerning Convulsie Diseases since we have elsewhere largely treated we shall
Mercurial Medicines for that they operate not only by Vomit and Stool but oftentimes by Sweat Urine or Salivation do notably help A long and plentiful spitting or flux at the mouth hath perfectly cured some Mad people 3. The more strong Purging Medicines where strength and the constitution may bear them because they depress the raging of the Spirits and of the Blood and very much evacuate the Emunctories that are for the receiving the recrements of the Blood and nervous Juice do often bring help in this Disease For this use preparations of black Hellebore as chiefly its extract and Wine of the Infusion of its strings or the pulp of an Apple with the roots of it boiled together are much praised Take of the Extract of black Hellebore of Calamelanos of each one scruple make a Bolus Take Calamelanos one scruple of Diagridium from twelve to fifteen grains make a Powder Take of Confectio Hamech or of the Electuary of the juice of Roses half an ounce to six drams let it be given in broth Take of the Decoction of Senna Gereonis or of Epithimum with the roots of black Hellebore two drams six ounces make a draught Take of the Powder of Diasennae two drams let it be taken in Posset-drink In the mean time whilst these things are doing let the Preservatory Indication respect the cause of this Disease Wherefore with these frequent purgings and letting of Blood between whiles let altering Medicines or Remedies be used which may attemper the Blood and nervous juice and reduce them to their due temper if that the sick be tractable and orderly enough they will not refuse to take such things methodically Take of Crystal Mineral or of the best purified Nitre two ounces of Pearls powdered two drams of Sugar Candy two drams and a half of Camphor half a scruple let them be all beaten together to a moist fine Powder let two drams of this be put into a glass vessel that will hold two quarts of Spring-water or of clear small Ale or Beer and â—â—ld let it be given for ordinary drink at pleasure Put to Whey being made hot the flowers of Violets or Water-Lilies and after they have infused for two hours let them drink it plentifully also the Spaw Waters are convenient for Mad people to drink orderly and plentifully Take of the tops of green and the tenderest Borrage and Bugloss each four handfuls three Apples pared of Sal Prunella two drams of Sugar half an ounce let them be bruised together and pour to them of Spring-water three pints make a strong Expression take half a pint thrice in a day or oftner Take of the Conserves of Borrage flowers and of Violets each three drams Confectio de Hyacintho of Alchermis each two drams of Coral prepared a dram and an half of the Powder of Pearls one dram of the Salt of Coral one dram of the Syrup of red Poppies what will suffice make an Electuary of which take two drams twice or thrice in a day drinking after it of the following liquor four ounces Take of the waters of the flowers of the Water-Lilie Borrage Bugloss and of black Cherries each four ounces of red Poppies six ounces of red Rose-water two ounces of Camphor tyed in a rag and hang'd in the glass half a dram of the Syrup of Coral one ounce and a half mix them and make a Iulep Take of the yellow flowers of the Willow-tree what will suffice let them be distilled in a common Still and let the Distillation be repeated by putting to it fresh flowers for three times Give of it four ounces twice or thrice in a day sweetning it with the Syrup of Water-Lilies Take of the leaves of the Willow Meadowsweet Pimpernel Borrage Balm each six handfuls of the flowers of the Water-Lilie of the tops of St. Iohns-wort each four handfuls of Camphor powdered three drams all being bruised together pour to them eight pints of new Milk let them be distilled in common Stills Let the brains of Weathers be distilled with Milk and give of the water three or four ounces thrice in a day Further there are to be used Specifick Remedies so called of which is famous a Decoction of Pimpernel with the purple flower also the tops of Hypericon or St. Iohns-wort and other Decoctions Opiates and Powders of Antilyssâ— are frequently noted among all the famous Empericks Concerning the cure of Madness excited from the biting of venomous or mad Animals for that it is almost only Emperical and commonly known we shall not discourse of it in this place and since we have elsewhere proposed our conjectures concerning it But a Decoction or an Infusion of Apples either raw or boil'd in spring-Spring-water the liquor of Tea Emulsions with many other things whose forms we have shewn in the Cure of Melancholy are convenient in this case Moreover from Chirurgical Remedies besides opening of a Vein many other helps are wont to be had for the curing of this Disease Cupping-glasses with Scarification often help Blisterings Cauteries both actual and potential are praised of many Others commend cutting an Artery others Trepaning or opening the Skull others Salivation But these kind of administrations besides that their effects are uncertain can hardly be performed or not at all safely by reason of the intractability of the sick wherefore it were here superfluous to inquire into the reasons of help or cure to be expected from them The hair being shaven off sometimes it is expedient to apply to the forepart of the Head the hot Lungs of a Lamb or Weather and other Fomentations and so to change them But these sorts of Remedies also are hardly to be applied and repeated methodically because of the reluctancy of the sick and so often afford more hurt than help 3. The vital Indication institutes how mad people ought to be handled concerning their government dyet and sleep In this Disease there is no need of keeping up the flesh as in most other Diseases For the spirits ought not to be refreshed with Cordials nor strength to be restored with Medicines but on the contrary both being too raging of themselves things are to be administer'd as it were for the suppression or extinction of a flame raging above measure Therefore let the diet be slender and not delicate their cloathing course their beds hard and their handling severe and rigid But sleep for that it is very necessary ought to be caused sometimes by Anodynes for which end Hypnotick Remedies or Medicines above prescribed for Melancholy are also convenient in this Disease In inveterate and habitual Madness the sick seldom submit to any Medical Cure but such being placed in Bedlam or an Hospital for Mad people by the ordinary discipline of the place either at length return to themselves or else they are there kept from doing hurt either to themselves or to others There is no need to illustrate the nature of
use and in a long time together with an exact method or Government concerning the fix non-naturals often bring great help in this rank the chief are Medidicines indued with a Volatile Salt and Balsamick Sulphur forasmuch as these exalt the fixed Salt and reduce what is Acetous besides bitter and astringent things as these Herbs Chamaepitys Centaury Germander the Roots of Gentian and Aristolochia or Birthwort c. as by experience has been approved of in this Disease for this reason seem to be profitable because they help the offices of Concoction and Chylification or making of Chyle and restrain the Saline fixed feculencies or dregs that they may not be carried into the Blood We shall here set down some forms of each of them Take of the Powder of Chamaepitys six drams of Crabs Eyes two drams of Venice Turpentine what will suffice make small Pills take three or four Morning and Evening for thirty or forty days drinking after them of the following distilled water two or three ounces Take of the leaves of Cypress Tree of the Ash and of Misleto of the Apple tree each six handfuls of the roots of sweet smelling Avens Burdock each one pound the outer rinds of ten Oranges and of six Lemons of Nutmegs and Mace each one ounce let them be all cut and bruised and pour to them seven pints of new Milk and of Malaga one pint let them be distilled according to art and the whole liquor mixed together Or let there be a simple Water prepared of the leaves of Burdock by pouring it twice or thrice upon fresh leaves Take of the Powder of the Seeds of Burdock six drams of Crabs Eyes two drams of Nutmeg half a dram of Capive Balsom what will suffice to make a Mass which form into small Pills let four be taken Evening and Morning for many days Take of the Tincture of Antimony one ounce the Dose twenty drops to twenty five Evening and Morning with three ounces of the water but now described For poor people I was wont to prescribe after this manner Take of the Powder of the leaves of Sage half a pound of Crabs Eyes and of the Sugar of Crystal each two ounces mix them let it be kept in a Glass and take one spoonful twice in a day with a draught of a Decoction of the leaves of Sage or of the roots of the Burdock Or of the Powder of Dorncrellius prescribed to be taken after the same manner Take of the Powder of the leaves of Germander of Gout Ivy of the lesser Centaury of Marjoram of Sage of Betony of the roots of Gentian and of round Birthwort each one ounce of Sugar one pound mix them and make a Powder Or of the Powder of John Anglicus called by himself Saracenick Take of the Powder of the leaves of Chamaepitys one ounce the bones of a Mans foot burnt two drams of Liquorish three drams mix them For ordinary drink let there be prepared a Bochet of Sarsaparilla of Saunders wood of Rhodium shavings of Ivory Harts-horn c. or let there be prepared small Ale in a Vessel holding about four gallons instead of Hops let their be boiled the leaves of Germander and Chamaepitys and after it has work'd put into it of the leaves of dry Sage four handfuls of Sassaphras two ounces of the roots of sweet smelling Avens eight ounces Among Altering Medicines a Milk dyet has not the last place that the Patient should use for three or four Months no other food let him drink Morning and Evening new Milk from the Cow about noon and at other times let him eat white Bread boiled in Barly or Water-gruel of Oatmeal I have known some by this kind of dyet to have received notable help but others to have received much hurt or to grow worse by the use of Milk and the Gout being nothing cured to have contracted great obstructions of the Viscera and a Cachochimical disposition or fulness of evil humors Therefore this method is not rashly to be entered upon without the counsel of a prudent Physician and by a sedulous observation whether it be convenient or not Of late it has been a common custom for people having the Gout to drink every Morning their own Urine which I know has been beneficial to some The reason of which help seems to be because the Saline Latex of the Vrine passing thorow the Blood doth carry with it to the Reins the Saline fixed Particles that were before wont to be carried into the joints Wherefore this method when it is helpful to the distemper of the Gout for the most part encreases the Stone which I think sufficiently appears from the following History A very Learned and Pious Man of this Nation and also the glory of Learned Men Dr. H. H. after he had lived for many years grievously obnoxious to freqent fits of pains of Vomiting and a making of bloody Urine at length by the constant use of the following Remedies he lived above seven years almost free from the Stone and without any grievous Fit The method of Cure which had been taught him by a certain Gentleman was after this manner without any Physick or medicine abstaining from Wine and Cyder he drank for his ordinary drink small Ale made of Oaten Malt further once in a week in the Morning he took a draught of the same Ale to about a pint with the Powder of small old rotten Bones three spoonfuls dissolved in it By the use of these within a few months he seemed to be in health and freed from the Stone but shortly after he began to be sick of the Gout and was infested with most grievous Fits of it all the time he was free from the Stone and at length upon every light occasion was become so obnoxious to them that presently after feeding if he exercised either his body or mind by walking or study he most certainly expected the Fits of his pains The reason of which was because the Blood being filled to a plenitude with Saline fixed Particles and the nervous Liquor still with Acetous when being incited and also poured forth on the fresh nutritious juice they grew turgid presently they deposed their superfluities viz. the Morbific matter of either kind into the very weak Joints This venerable person therefore being tyred out with so frequent and almost continual torture by the counsel of a certain Friend drank every morning of his own Urine by the use of which within a month or two he was less tormented with the goutish Fits but with an evil turn the Distemper of the Stone began to grow again upon him for he was from thence troubled with a pain about his Loins with Vomiting and a pain in making water and a little after a total suppression of Urine followed which being not to be helped by any Remedies in about a fortnights time this Reverend Gentleman dyed The Carcase being opened all the Viscera except the
what Causes the Blood is wont to be moved and to bring 〈◊〉 to the distempered Head The Blood delivers to the head the morbific matter received from any other part A Flux of the Serum sometimes from meer fullness Sometimes from other Causes Sometimes the watry humor suffering a flux offends the Head Hence in those that have the Headach as in Convulsive Diseases there is often a clear and copious Vrine The recrements of other parts often carried violently to the head with the Serum The evacuation of the Serum thorow its right ways being suppressed brings its flux to the Head 3 The nutritious juice sometimes the cause of the Headach either 1 Because it is carried with the Blood into the Head 2 Because not being agreeable to the blood it stirs up its effervescency Sometimes the evident causes of the Headach are Convulsions somewhere begun and continued by the passage of the nerves into the Head Convulsions beginning after off are sometimes signs of an Headach shortly to follow Sometimes also the cause of it Coâ—vniâ—â—â—e Headaches seem to arise so from the Viâ—â—era not from Vapours But this sympathetick Distemper perâ—â—ps proceeds elâ—ewhere by reason of an evil ferment communicated to the blood So sometimes it seems to be caused from the Ventricle The Head and the Stomach intimately conspire and mutually affect one another 2 How the Head-ach seems to arise from the Spleen The like reason is for this Disease arising from the Liver Mesentery or Womb. The kinds of habitual Headach are noted It is either Continual â— Intermitting The Fits of the intermitting either periodical or certain â—â— iâ—certain and wandring The prognostick of the 〈…〉 is â—asie or diffiâ—â—lt to secured also the 〈◊〉 of the Disease safe or dangerous By what signs we may pronounce it safe and easie to be cured By what difficult By what scarce possiâ—le By what dangerous Accidental Headach easily cured The habitual affords more indications Two chief scopes of Cure 1 To cut in two the Bed â—â— Root of the Disease 2 To root out the Conjunct Cause The â—â—st or Tinder of the Disease the blood serum nourishing juice nervous Liquor and the Recrements caried thorow the Blood How the inordinations of the Blood may be taken away and prevented The pain of the Head from the serous heap â—ow to be cured Phlebotomy Purges Pills Purging Powders An emetick Powder An Apozem A decoction of woods A Cephalick Decoction impregâ—ated with the Tincture of Coffee Tâ—e Headach from other barious mixt with the serum how to be cured The Headach arising from any Inward how to be cured Rais'd up from the fault of the nourishing Iuice how to he handled Frequently follows the Small Pox and Measles Easily cured An Electuary A Iulep Antiscorbutick Remedies good for it The Headach raised up from the vice of the nervous humour how to be cured It s fault either private or particular Or universal and then letting of blood or stronger Purges are not convenient Remedies called Cephalicks proper here Of which sort are these which are convenient in Disâ—ases of the Brain and in these kind of Headaches A great many of these every where to be found in Physical Books An Electuary Iulep A distilled Water Tablets Tinctures Spirits The use of millepedes notably helps The other part of the conjunct Cause consisting in the weakness or evil conformation of the distempered part how to be handled We are not to despair of the Cure Here those Medicines are only profitable that cut off the inkindling or root of the Disease Chyrurgical Remedies chiefly help here of which are 1. Plasters Medicines raising Whelks and Blisters Liniments Fomentations and Bathings help not An Embrocation or a dipping of the head in cold water oftentimes helps Issues Issues made upon or near the distempered place help little The opening of the Skull cry'd up by many but rarely or never attempted Whether salivation in inveterate Headaches without any suspicion of the Venereal Disease ought to be administred The means and manner of salivation by Mercury unfolded Salivation not always safe wherefore to be suspected in Headaches What the cutting of the Artery may profit in this Disease Nevertheless in this Distemper it is often helpful and by what means is shown Farriers use the like practice And perhaps it may be convenient for the curing of strumous or running humours such as the Kings Evil. The History of a continual and a deadly Head-ach A continual and inveterate Headach passing into a Lethargy A second History of an incurable Headach in a most noble Lady labouring with it for twenty years Remedies of every kind for the curing this Headach try'd in vain Conjectures concerning the reason of this cruel Disease A third History of a deadly continual Headach A conjecture concerning the reason of the Disease A fourth History of an Head-ach excited from a fiery Swelling or an Inflammation of the Meninges An History of an Headach raised up from an Impostâ—ume in the Meninges A continual Headach we always to be accounted incurable An intermitting Headach whose Fits are uncertain are so frequent that we need shew no instances of it The sixth History of a periodical intermitting Headach The Cure of the same The reason of this Case unfolded The seventh History of the same Distemper excited by the default of the nervous Liquor The Cure of it The reason of the Case unfolded An Instance of an intermitting Headach which seem'd to be excited from the womb The eighth History of an intermitting Headach seeming to aâ—ise from the Stomach A reason of this Case delivered The like reason is for other Headaches seeming to arise from the Spleen Liver Mesentery c. The Seat of the Lethargy is the same with that of Sleep and Memory to wit about the Shell of the Brain By this name both the Fits of the Lethargy are called And also the soporiferous disposition or Sleepiness Of which there are various kinds The continual Sleepiness the Coma c. In every Lethargick Distemper there is an excess of Sleep and a defect of Memory The essence and causes of natural and non-natural Sleep rehearsed The causes of preternatural Sleep are An infartion or obstruction of the outward part of the Brain and a recess of the Spirits from thence Sometimes this sometimes that is the cause The Lethargy oftentimes from the serous heap overflowing the outward part of the Brain And sometimes from a Dropsiâ— of the whole Brain Not only a plenty of humour but the malignity often causes this Disease The proâ—atarctick causes of the Lethargy In what respect they are in fault Both the Blood begetting evil humours and sending them to the Brain and the Brain too easily receiving them Vpon what occasions the Brain is prone to the Lethargy The evident causes of this Disease Another conjunct cause of the Lethargy consists in the afflicting the Spirits with some narcotick How opiates causes Sleep How they operate in the Ventricle 〈…〉
distilled Water Tablets Chalybeats or Steel-Medicines Spirits Powders Cases and Examples of the Sick The first History The second History The Reason of the Case described The third History The Seat of the Apoplexy A Description of the Disease It s Subject The spontaneous Functions only deficient in the Apoplexy The opinions of others concerning this Disease The Theory of this Disease is best shewn by the famous Dr. Webfer Another Reason given by the Author The Exclusion of the Blood from the Brain does not easily happen Because all the Arteries communicate one with another and some of them supply the defects of the others A total Exclusion of the blood from the Brain sometimes hapning causes a terrible Syncopy This depends oftenest on the motion of the heart being hindred and so either because of the Cardiack Nerves being bound together Or By reason of the Spirits in the Cerebel being hindred from their flowing into the Nerves Hence there is a twofold Apoplexy one in the Brain the other proper to the Cerebel The Theory of the former delivered This Disease either accidental or habitual The cause of the former is either a great breach of the unity in or near the middle of the Brain Or a sudden stupefaction or extinction of the Spirits 1 A Solution of the unity either from blood let forth of the Vessels Or 2 From an Imposthume or the breaking of an Vlcer Or 3 From a Deluge of the Serum An extinction of the Spirits from Opiates or from immoderate Drinking of hot Waters The operation of Opiates as it is assigned by the famous Webfer The formal reason of the habitual Apoplexy 1 What its Conjunct Cause is It consists in the Pores of the callous Body being suddenly stop'd and the Spirits being driven away by the contact of malignant matter What the nature or disposition of the morbifick matter is The procatarctic Cause of the habitual Apoplexy The differences of this Disease Its Prognosticks The Curatory Method What is to be done in the Fit In what position the Sick ought to be kept Phlebotomy Other ways of Administration noted Vomiting Medicines Comforters Cupping-glasses Hot or glowing Iron The preservatory Method Purging and Bleeding Spring and Fall Cephalick Remedies An Electuary A distilled Water Lozenges Spirits and Tinctures Tea Coffee and Chocolate prepared how to be made and taken A Powder Medical Aâ— Examples A very rare History An Anatomical Observation The middle of the Brain which is the Seat of the Apoplexy is also the Seat of the Epilepsy The streaked Bodies the Medullar Trunks and the Nerves are the Seat of the Palsy what the Palsie is It s Conjunct Causes are Obstruction of the passages and the Impotency of the Spirits In the Palsie either motion or sense only or both together is hurt Spontaneous motion is abolished by reason of the ways being obstructed either in their beginnings or the middle passages or about the ends The ways are obstructed by Impletion or Compression or by a breaking of the Vnity An obstruction in the streaked Bodies causes the Vniversal Palsie or the Palsie of one side Why sense is not hindred as well as motion in every Palsie In an universal Palsie why all the Muscles of the Eyes and Face are not loosâ—ed A Compression of the streaked Body sometimes stirs up the Palsie A Paralytick obstruction doth sometimes happen in the Oblong and Spinal Marrow A Palsie often succeeds stupidity or becoming foolish A Palsie sometimes from the pressing together of the Marrowy Cord. Sometimes from the unity being broke The Seat of the Palsie sometimes in the Nerves themselves which are either obstructed or compressed or the unity broken 1 An Obstruction Sometimes in the beginning of the Nerves 2 Sometimes in the middle 3 Or in their utmost processes The other conjunct cause of the Palsie to wit the impotency of the Spirits Often arises from narcotick or vitriolick Particles by which the Spirits are put to flight In every Palsie the matter is not so thick or cold as it is vitriolick or other ways infestous to the Spirits The blasting or withering in Trees like the Palsie The more remote foregoing causes of the Palsy which are two 1 More remote to wit a vicious Blood and for that reason pouring forth a deadly matter upon the head 2 Nearer to wit a weak and loose Brain admiting the evil Particles The Palsy is either a primary Distemper and a Disease of it self Or secondarily viz. Coming upon or succeeding other Diseases Wherefore the Palsie often succeeds Convulsive Diseases Wherefore the Distemper of the Colick 3 Wherefore the Gout The evident Causes of the habitual Palsie Want or paâ—city of Spirits oftentimes the Cause of the Spurious or Bastard Palsy For this Reason Old Men are obnoxious to this Disease 2 Also Scorbutical Persons and such as are full of ill humours 3 Also others long sick Hence some dare not venture on local motion Others endeavouring cannot bear them long The Impotency of the Spirits proceeds in some measure from the default of the explosive Copula 2 The kind of Palsy in which Motion and Sense are hurt at ones 3 Kind in which sense only is affected Wherefore feeling is sometimes lost and motion safe What is the proper Organ of feeling The Prognostick of the Palsy It s Cure Three means of healing according to which this Disease is 1. Either accidental 2. The off-spring of another Disease 3. Habitual 1 The Cure of the former A Powder for a Fall Topicks to be applyed to the Distempered part 2 How the Palsie coming upon another Disease is to be cured The Cure of the habitual Palsie Whilst it is In fieri or doing The Intentions of healing respect the Blood and the Brain Bloodletting A Purge Cephalick Remedies 2 How the Disease in habit is to be cured Bloodletting and Purging cautiously and rarely to be admitted Altering Medicines ought to be given with choice How the Palsy is to be healed in a cold temperament Electuary Coffee A Decoction Spirits A Distilled Water Tinctures and Elixirs Powders Lozenges Pills How the Cholerick or hot Palsie is to be cured An Electuary A Distilled Water Chalybeats or Steeled Medicines A Decoction The juice and expressions of Herbs Pills Topick and particular Remedies Vniversal Remedies 1 Diaphoreticks They are not to be administred indifferently to all They often hurt the Cholerick Sweating Medicines Stoves Baths Natural Baths When the use of Baths is hurtful in the Palsie Salivation Vomitories Histories and Examples of Paralyticks The Example of the Palsie habitual excited of it self The first History The Reason of it The second History more rare and notable An Anatomicâ— Observation â— which the Caâ— is explained â— The third History The Reason of this The fourth History The Câ—rt expoposed The Reason of it The fifth History shâ—wing when the Baths are hurtful An example of the Palsie from a Lethargy The Distempers of the Brain follow in which Reason is hurt as